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Reports of my demise department: Cisco doubles down on smart grid
By Jesse Berst
In my role as chief analyst of the Internet's oldest and largest smart grid site, I get more than 300 briefings per year from industry and utility executives. As you can imagine, I hear more than my share of gossip and rumors.
In early 2012, Cisco's smart grid division
Architecture is the secret sauce
Pressed to explain why Cisco seems to be gaining ground on some "traditional" suppliers, both Chocron and Jeffrey Taft pointed to the company's comprehensive GridBlocks architecture. Chocron says it give utilities confidence that there will be both robust security as well as the ability (someday soon) to centrally manage all devices. And Taft says GridBlocks helps because "it talks to utilities in their own language" while adding the communications point of view. It's a demonstration, he says, that Cisco understands their business and isn't just another tech company trying to sell its generic products into a new market. (Are you listening, vendors of business intelligence and data analytics?)
Cisco's comprehensive GridBlocks architecture underlies its growing acceptance as a bona fide smart grid player. Click to download a larger PDF version.
As proof of growing confidence that Cisco "gets it," several utilities have hired the company for architectural services.
It appears that rumors of Cisco's smart grid demise had been greatly exaggerated. We should have proof soon, in the form of announcements of new deployments and new products.
What do you believe about Cisco's fortunes? Vote in the Quick Poll or use the Comment form below to let us know.
You might also be interested in...
Cisco smart grid lead gets an offer she couldn't refuse
New Cisco smart grid plan merits careful study by utilities and by Cisco rivals
Jesse Berst is the founder and chief analyst of Smart Grid News.com. He consults to smart grid companies seeking market entry advice and M&A advisory. A frequent keynoter at industry events in the US and abroad, he also serves on the Advisory Council of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's Energy & Environment directorate.


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A generic mechanism to persist data objects into databases without a fundamental dependence on the underlying data store is provided. Rather than relying on the expertise of a programmer to know what the structure of a database should look like, data types are defined and adorned by the programmer with attributes that suggest what the corresponding data will be used for, and without the programmer defining the structure of the database that will be used to store the data. Thereafter, the database is dynamically created to satisfy the needs suggested by the adorned attributes. In particular, a number of different tables are created according to the intended needs for accessing the data. By doing this an optimized database can be created to provide the desired results without requiring the programmer to have any specific knowledge regarding databases and corresponding database schemas.
1. A computer-implemented method for dynamically determining a database structure and creating a data store for storing objects of one or more data types in accordance with the determined database structure, the method comprising:
receiving a programming code segment comprising a definition of the one or more data types and at least one adornment associated in the code segment with at least one of the one or more data types, the at least one adornment reflecting an intended use or access of the associated data type;
identifying at least one adornment defined within the programming code segment and associated with at least one of the data types, the at least one adornment comprising
identity attribute applied to at least one field in a class which forms a root of a hierarchy and which indicates that the data type should represent a unique key within the database, and
an index attribute indicating that the associated data type should be able to be queried,
a back pointer attribute indicating that a one-to-many relationship exists between an indicated second data type and the data type, and
a single reference attribute indicating a one-to-one relationship exists between instances of the data type and an indicated second data type;
based on each of the definitions of the one or more data types and the at least one adornment, determining a database structure to be used to store data corresponding to the one or more data types, the database structure comprising a type table defining at least one of the one or more types identified in the code segment;
determining if appropriate the determined database structures exist; and
creating a data store corresponding to the determined database structure, the data store comprising
an ObjectStore that provides base functionality to serialize and deserialize a data structure to a data source, and
a StoreService which is a ServiceBus service providing a single point of contact to clients to persist objects in the data store.
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receiving data to be stored in the data store;
determining whether the data is already stored including checking appropriate tables and checking each field which is adorned with an identity attribute;
upon determining that the data is not already stored, storing the data in the structure according to the adornments and descriptions provided in the code and the determined database structure; and
upon determining that the data is already stored, determining pointers to the already stored data and writing the pointers to point to data stored in another location.
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wherein the attributes further comprise SerializableAttribute, CLSIdentityAttribute, ReferentialActionAttribute;
wherein the ObjectStore further comprises classes SqlStore, SqlStoreContext, and StoreException; and
wherein type tables comprise ObjectTypeTable, ObjectBaseTypeTable, ObjectArrayTable, and ObjectDictionaryTable.
1. The Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to the field of computing systems and, more particularly, to methods, systems and computer program products for creating database structures and for storing data in a database in response to adornments associated with data types, particularly .Net datatypes.
2. Background and Relevant Art
There are many different systems and tools that can be used to store data. Data storage can include, for example, the use of database tools that are configured to enable a programmer to select different types of database structures for storing data based on perceived needs. One such tool includes Access, although others also exist, which stores data according to a Jet SQL database. It will be appreciated, however, that notwithstanding this example, various other types of data storage tools exist for many different types of relational databases.
One problem with existing database tools, however, is that they require programmers to have a relatively sophisticated knowledge about databases and how the database should be created and organized in order to provide the best known performance for the specific implementation they are being created for. For example, a programmer will need to identify the different types of tables, allocated memory and other storage structures to be provided for the database.
However, inasmuch as the needs for stored data can fluctuate, the existing paradigm for creating database structures is somewhat limited. In particular, the creation of databases based on the known needs for storing the data and a programmers limited knowledge about how to best serve those needs, might unduly restrict the use of the database and prevent the database from being easily customized to serve different needs in the future.
In particular, a database may be needed to store different types of data from different systems that are not previously known or compatible with the established database at the time the database is created. The established database structures may also need to provide flexibility to be used for different types of relational databases, besides just SQL. Existing techniques, however, do not provide this flexibility without having to rewrite the monolithic code defining the database.
Yet another problem encountered with storing objects into relational databases is the difficultly for programmers to translate class hierarchies while storing the objects into the relational databases and in such a way as to not negatively affect the performance of the storage when the data objects are accessed at a later time. For example, if many different types of classes correspond to the same base class, it may not make sense to store each of the separate classes in a single monolithic database structure. Likewise, it may not make sense to store each of the separate classes entirely separately in different structures. Both of these examples can create inefficiency problems during subsequent querying of the data.
Accordingly, what is needed is a generic way to store arbitrary data structures and to retrieve them on demand and without a fundamental dependence on the underlying structure of the data store.
The present invention is generally related to methods, systems, and computer program products that offer a generic mechanism to persist data objects into databases and without a fundamental dependence on the underlying data store or its rules or features. Instead, the present invention provides a paradigm shift in data storage techniques. In particular, rather than relying on the expertise of a programmer to know what the structure of a database should look like to obtain desired results, the present invention focuses on what the data will be used for and thereafter creates an optimized database to provide the desired results.
According to one embodiment, data types are defined and adorned by a programmer with attributes that suggest what the corresponding data will be used for, and without the programmer defining the structure of the database that will be used to store the data. Thereafter, the database is dynamically created to satisfy the needs suggested by the adorned attributes. In particular, a number of different tables are created according to the intended needs for accessing the data. According to some embodiments, the database structures and tables are created in such a way as to minimize duplicating data storage and to increasing the performance of the database to satisfy the intended needs to access the data. This creation of the database tables is transparent to the programmer who does not need to have any special knowledge regarding the different types of data structures or databases. Instead, the programmer can develop code that merely identifies data types based on the known needs to access the corresponding data.
If at a later time the needs to access the data change, the data types can be modified or deleted and new data types can be created, which will permit the underlying structure of the database to be dynamically updated accordingly and without requiring a monolithic piece of code corresponding to the database to be modified throughout. In other words, the present invention provides means for enabling modular creation of database structures.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The features and advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instruments and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims. These and other features of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following description and appended claims, or may be learned by the practice of the invention as set forth hereinafter.
In order to describe the manner in which the above-recited and other advantages and features of the invention can be obtained, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are not therefore to be considered to be limiting of its scope, the invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which:
The present invention extends to both methods and systems for storing data and for creating corresponding database structures. The embodiments of the present invention may comprise a special purpose or general-purpose computer including various computer hardware, as discussed in greater detail below.
As described herein, embodiments of the invention include methods in which data types are adorned with attributes based on intended use for the data and without requiring any special knowledge regarding how the database structures will be created to store the data. Appropriate database storage tables are then created according to the needs as determined by the adorned data types. The tables can then be populated with corresponding data and queried by appropriate applications. It will be appreciated that because the creation of the database structures are based on the intended use of the data, and exclusive of any knowledge requirement of databases, the database structures are created to optimize the performance of the database regardless of any lack of knowledge the programmer may have regarding databases and database structures. It will also be appreciated that this represents a paradigm shift and improvement over the prior art systems for creating database structures.
Embodiments within the scope of the present invention also include computer-readable media for carrying or having computer-executable instructions or data structures stored thereon. Such computer-readable media can be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of computer-executable instructions or data structures and which can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. When information is transferred or provided over a network or another communications connection (either hardwired, wireless, or a combination of hardwired or wireless) to a computer, the computer properly views the connection as a computer-readable medium. Thus, any such connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media. Computer-executable instructions comprise, for example, instructions and data which cause a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or special purpose processing device to perform a certain function or group of functions.
Durable Storage for .NET Data Types and Instances
According to one embodiment of the invention a durable storage for .NET Data Types and Instances is provided with corresponding modules to enable the creation of database structures, such as, but not limited to databases tables, in response to adornments that are placed on data types defined during programming.
The adornments that are placed on the data types can vary according to any need or desire. Some examples will now be provided to illustrate how adornments can be attached to data types in code segments written by a programmer, and in such a way that they can later be used to control the creation of database structures, even though the programmer does not have any special knowledge regarding the database structures that will subsequently be created.
In a first example, albums are described as a class type that includes a title, album art, a list of artists and a list of songs. Each of the songs are also identified as a class type having a title, a duration and an album. Finally, the artist is identified as a class type that includes a name, a picture and a fan page URI.
As further reflected by the foregoing example, some of the data objects corresponding to class types are adorned with special attributes. For example, the [CLSIBackPointer(album)] attribute indicates that the album field or object comprises a back pointer to many different songs that can be associated with the same album. This will be described in more detail with reference to
Another adornment that is shown includes the [CLSIIndex] attribute associated with the artist class, which indicates it should be able to be queried. One reason for this adornment is to increase the performance of the database. In particular, if it known that the database will permit querying of certain terms, it can be useful to indicate which terms are intended to be queried. This way, when the data structures are created, they can be created in such a way as to optimize searching for the terms that are known to be queried, as described below in more detail.
Attention is now directed to
As shown four tables have been created. A first table, Album Table 100 a corresponds to the album type identified in the example above, and includes title fields 110 a and art fields 120 a, along with a record number column 130 a and an artist column 140 a, referred to below. These different fields correspond to the objects provided in the code described above.
A separate Song Table 100 b also includes corresponding fields (110 b, 120 b, 130 b) for titles, duration and album, respectively, as defined by the code. The duration field 120 b can include any time duration data corresponding to the song it belongs to.
An Artist Table 100 c includes a name field 110 c, a picture field 120 c, and a URI field 130 c corresponding to the description of the artist class type in the example provided above. The picture field 120 c can include a pointer to a graphic image corresponding to the artist, for example, and the URI field 130 c can include a link to a document or web page corresponding to the artist, such as a fan page.
Finally, collections table 100 d is provided, that includes two columns both typed to hold unique identities. The first column 110 d represents the identity of the collection and is pointed to by the fields of instances referencing it, in this case albums from the album table 100 a. The second column 120 d represents the identity of an instance that is part of the collection, in this case artists. Thus, a single collection will have as many rows in the collection table as the number of instances it contains, but all such rows have the same unique identity identifying the given collection. Accordingly, pointer fields to collections can be represented by placing a unique identity of the row representing the collection instance. This implies that the each distinct artists collection pointed to by the album object will be represented in the collection table as one or more rows with the second column of each row pointing to a row in the artist table. For instance, in the present example, collection ID 1 (which is associated with album 1) is linked to artist element 21 and artist element 23. The collection IDs are also identified in the Album Table 100 a for cross-reference.
When the name field of the artist type is attributed as a unique identifier, with appropriate adornments, as described above, the artist name can represent a unique identity in the collections table that can point to rows in the artist table. However, if the name field of the artist type is not attributed as a unique identifier, the pointer will instead point back to the identifiers of the corresponding artist table, instead of the artist name. In the present example, this is done using the record number.
It will be appreciated that because the title field of the song class and the name field of the artist class types were adorned with the [CLSIIndex] attribute, the database structures (e.g., tables) corresponding to the song and artist classes are built in such a way that they can be sorted and quickly queried on the title and name columns respectively, and without requiring the database to query all of the rows stored in the corresponding database tables.
A database table associated with a given class might include hidden record numbers 130 a, 140 b, 140 c, for example, that provide a unique identifier for each row in the table.
During searching for a term or object, the database might sequentially search through all records based on the record numbers 130 a. However, if a class field has previously been identified and adorned with an attribute, such as the [CLSIIndex] attribute, indicating that it is intended to be queried, then a corresponding index data structure can be created on the columns corresponding to the attributed fields, such as the title column of the song table and Name column of the artist table so that they can be sorted (alphabetically, or in any other manner) to optimize the searching. Accordingly, querying can be optimized, and without the programmer having to build the data structure through any special knowledge about databases.
Likewise, the back pointer adornment associated with the songs field in the album class indicates that song collection is owned by the album instance and that the album field in the song type serves as the back pointer to the owning album. Accordingly, the songs belonging to a give album can be identified by querying the song table with the album column identifying the specified album. Conversely, the album column can be used to identify the album to which a given songs belongs to. Thereafter, the identified album can be used to identify other information corresponding to the artists of the album using other tables (e.g., 100 c).
In this manner, the song table 100 b can be queried independently of the album table 100 a, such that the album table 100 a does not have to store the duration information about each of the songs listed in the song table 100 b. It will be appreciated that this can improve performance when querying the album table 100 a. Likewise, querying of the song table 100 b is also optimized by not having to store all of the art and artist name information associated with the album to which it belongs. This is because cross-referencing of the tables can easily provide all of the necessary information.
Another example will now be provided with respect to customers of purchase orders to show yet additional types of adornments. Nevertheless, it will be appreciated that this example, as well as the foregoing example, are merely illustrative and should not, therefore, be construed as limiting the invention with regards to the types of database structures that can be created or the types of adorning attributes that can be used.
In the following example, a customer and purchase order classes are created.
In the foregoing example, some new adornments are presented. For example, adorning the phone number field of the customer class, a [CLSIIdentity] attribute is provided to indicate that the phone number should represent a unique key for the customer type.
A [CLSISingleRef] attribute is also provided to the address field of the customer class to indicate that it is intended that a one to one relationship exist between a customer and a customer's address.
Another attribute, comprising [CLSIBackPointer(customer)] is adorned on the purchase order field of the customer class. This attribute indicates that it is intended that the purchase orders server as back pointers to the customers making the orders. This can be understood more clearly in view of the examples provided in
As shown in
In the foregoing example, the adornment of a [CLSIIdentity] attribute is provided to indicate that the corresponding field, phone number, should represent a unique key for the customer type. This can be useful, for example to minimize the requirement of storing a special record number 130 a (
In other embodiments, a combination of fields can also be adorned with the [CLSIIdentity] attribute, such that the combination of fields can represent the unique identifier for a row.
The [CLSISingleRef] attribute, identified above, is also provided to the address field of the customer class to indicate that it is intended that a one to one relationship exist between a customer and a customer's address. In this regard, a customers address field 230 a can be populated with the actual address string corresponding to the customer or can alternatively point to the address data stored in another table.
The back pointer attribute, [CLSIBackPointer(customer)], generally described above, was also adorned on the purchase order field for the customer class type in the last example. Accordingly, as described in reference to
The foregoing example also illustrates how the class types can be arranged into different hierarchies. In particular, the foregoing example identifies an address base class and a US address class that corresponds to the address base class. This can be useful, for example, to create separate tables or other database structures that can store relevant data corresponding to the different hierarchal classifications.
Although tables are not currently illustrated for the address classes, it can be imagined how a generic base class table can be created for addresses that will include different columns for storing generic address information that is common to many different types of addresses, such as state, street name, address number, etc. Subclasses can then be stored in specialized tables or other structures that include more specific address data that may not be relevant for all addresses. For example, in a world wide directory application, not all nationalities will include zip codes. Likewise, addresses in United States may not include the address codes and other information associated with foreign addresses. In such situations, each of the different regional address tables can include specialized information that is not relevant for all address objects, and while still enabling quick access to generic address information from the base class table.
As in the previous examples regarding cross referencing, it will also be appreciated that the base class tables (e.g., base address class table) can be cross-referenced with subclass tables (e.g., regional class tables). This technique can be utilized to create hierarchal levels of various depths between class and sub-class tables.
Attention will now be directed to the flowchart 300 illustrated in
Next, a determination is made regarding what data base schema (e.g., database structures) should be used to store the data (320). This determination is made automatically in response to identifying the adornments associated with the data types, as described above. In particular, it is not necessary for a programmer to have any special understanding regarding what data structures should be created or how they should be selected or created using a database storage tool. Instead, the present invention provides for the automatic creation of data structures based on the adornments associated with the data types defined in the code, wherein the adornments reflect an intended use or access of the data.
Next, it is determined if the appropriate database structures exist (330). If not, they are created (340). For example,
Creating the database structures (340) can also include the creation of multiple tables corresponding to the data type. The tables that can be created can include, for example, a type table that defines the types identified in the code and that identifies each of the corresponding database tables. This table and other similar tables are described in more detail below. Any number of base class and sub-class tables can also be created upon determining a suitable database structure does not exist to store the data type.
After the appropriate database structures (e.g., tables) are created, the illustrated method of
In one embodiment, the identity attribute is applied on fields to indicate if the field is part of the primary key. According to this embodiment, the identity attribute is applied to at least one field in a class that forms a root of a hierarchy of durable classes so that at least one field is used to identify the primary key which can be used, as described above, to avoid duplicate storage.
The next element of the illustrated method includes writing the data objects if they have not yet been written (370). This may include writing any portion of the data objects to one or more of the database tables, as shown above, or in any other manner. This may also include writing derivatives of the data objects to the database tables. This can also include writing pointers to the databases tables that point to the actual data stored in another location.
In other embodiments, the methods of the invention can also include modifying data (380) that is already found to be stored in the database structures. For example, if updates have been made to data since the last time it was stored, it can be useful to update the data. To avoid the updated data from being stored separately and independently from the older data, and thereby using valuable storage space, the primary keys can be used to determine that the data is the same and should be modified or overwritten. Otherwise, the record will yield stale information when it is later retrieved back into an object. The use of a unique key to prevent duplicate storage is also beneficial to avoid yielding different sets of information for the same entity in response to requests for the data.
Although the foregoing examples are provided with reference to database structures comprising database tables, it will be appreciated that the scope of the invention also extends to other embodiments, such as embodiments in which the database structures comprise XML files or other storage structures.
The scope of the invention also extends to embodiments in which the data store is an array or a dictionary. For example, an array can be configured similar to the collections described above, and herein, by providing two additional data elements or sets for different columns corresponding to the number of dimensions in the array and the rank of the dimensions.
In summary, the invention, which may be stored and implemented from one or more computer readable media having computer-executable instructions for implementing the methods described above, is sometimes referred to herein as a durable storage or durable storage for .NET data types and instances. As described, the durable storage offers a generic mechanism to serialize data structures into databases, thereby providing a solution for a number of services that need a generic way to store arbitrary data structures and retrieve them on demand.
Although the durable storage is based on the functionality provided by CLR (Common Language Runtime), it should be possible to plug in different data sources underneath the store. Also, the data model used by this invention based on .NET data types should not be viewed as constraining the scope of this invention as alternative data models such as those based on Java can be supported as well.
Some interesting variations and additional details regarding the invention will now be provided in the following description.
Initially, the durable storage framework can be described as consisting of the following elements: An ObjectStore that provides base functionality to serialize or deserialize a data structure to a data source. The ObjectStore can accept a context in which to operate. Derived forms of the ObjectStore provide specific implementation where the data source associated with the ObjectStore is a SQL database or an XML file. Classes related to the particular Store implementation for record id, store context etc. are also defined. Serialization attributes are also applied. A few custom attributes are defined, as described herein, so that service developers can specify some additional information on fields. A StoreService is a ServiceBus service that that provides a single point of contact to clients to persist objects in an underlying database.
The framework ensures that multiple references to the same object in a graph or a collection are stored only once. References to the same object across multiple graphs should also resolve to the same record in the store. To ensure this, classes need to specify fields that make up their unique id.
When deserialization happens and the object graph or collection is built from the stored record, every object should be created only once. But object references need not resolve to the same object across multiple deserialization calls unless they are specified to be belonging to the same context.
Attention is now directed specifically to the ObjectStore, which is the component that processes the store and retrieve requests. Exemplary methods and code corresponding to the ObjectStore will now be provided.
Attention is now directed to some examples of the custom attributes, including serialization and referential action attributes. Exemplary code corresponding to some of the attributes will now be provided.
Serialization Attributes
Other attributes were described above in reference to
Attention will now be directed to the SqlStore, which is the component that processes store and retrieve requests to a SQL database. SqlStore establishes a database connection, translates the Read and Write calls to those understood by the DataAdapter etc. Exemplary methods and code corresponding to the SqlStore will now be provided.
Although the invention can be practiced in many different environments and with different relational databases, the following example illustrates some of the activities involved in storing an object in a SQL database. In particular, storing an object involves the following actions in a SQL database:
Examples of different tables that can be created will now be presented.
Attention will now be redirected to mapping of the CLR types. In particular, each class type is stored as a separate SQL table. The value of each field in an instance of the class is stored as column values in the SQL table.
The object table is the equivalent of a class or structure type and is created on the fly when the first object of that type is encountered. The instance type of the object is used, whenever available, otherwise the declared type of the object is used. E.g. if the object is null, the declared type is used.
A class subtype is translated into a SQL table containing the fields of the derived class with an extra SqlRecordId column that would refer to the SQL record corresponding to the root class instance value. The durable class chain is stored in the ObjectTypeTable.
The root table contains an extra column giving the actual instance type. The root object table will also contain two columns for the ref count. These will be useful during deletion and handle cyclic graphs as well. One ref count keeps track if the object was passed in as the root of an object graph (this count has only two values 0 or 1), another ref count maintains the total number of objects referencing this object. A row will be deleted only if both the ref counts become zero.
The primary key type of the table is determined from the object type's custom attributes. The custom attribute specifying the primary key can be set for one or more fields of the type. The root durable class must contain at least one field that has this attribute. The Sqlstore also adds the SqlRecordId column to the table definition that will contain a unique id that is automatically generated. This id is a 64-bit number, unique within the SQL table and will be defined as the alternate key. The SqlRecordId will always be used as the foreign key in inner objects that reference this object, even in cases where a primary key has explicitly been specified.
All the fields making up the primary key must be serializable members of the root durable class. Otherwise, to check if an object has already been stored, the SqlRecordId of reference fields in the primary key should first be obtained. Note that this is a recursive process, since the reference fields could themselves contain reference fields in their primary keys. The following paragraph provides an example of this.
Here to find if object "a" has already been persisted, we need to query the MediaId table for the SqlRecordId corresponding to a.id. Once we have this, we can query the Media table for the primary key given by the SqlRecordId and the location values.
A class that has no fields is translated to a SQL table with a single column that is the SqlRecordId. Examples will now be provided.
A class member that is typed as a class type will translate to a SqlRecordId column in the SQL table created for the enclosing class. A foreign key constraint is imposed on this column. This is possible even though instances of the subtypes of the inner class type may also be present in the enclosing class instance, since all ids are unique at the root class level. The refCount and rootRefCount columns of the row referred to is appropriately maintained.
A class member is nullable if it is of a class type and is not part of the primary key. Members that are of primitive types and structs are non-nullable. In the SQL table definition, nullable fields are specified as nullable.
When class instances A and B contain references to each other in an object graph, A and B are stored only once. A and B would contain the SqlRecordId of each other. An example follows:
In one embodiment, a structure type is translated as a separate table with fields. Though a CLR structure is a value type, an independent table is created to optimize the case of multiple references to a boxed structure. Structures are treated exactly like classes that have no inheritance chain.
The value of each field in a structure instance is stored as column values in the table. A class or structure member that has a structure type will translate to a SqlRecordId column in the SQL table created for the class.
In a second embodiment, members of a class member typed as a structure type are stored in the same table created for the enclosing class with the column names that correspond to the members of the structure type prefixed with the class member name typed as a structure type in the enclosing class.
In a third embodiment, members of a class member typed as a structure type are stored as a User Defined Type (UDT) in the table created for the enclosing class.
An object that has a primitive type is translated as a primitive type table. A primitive type table contains two columns—a SqlRecordId column and a column for the primitive type. According to one embodiment, selective retrieval and deletion of objects of primitive types is not supported.
A class or structure member that has a primitive type is translated as a column in a SQL table, as follows. The value in the column is the value of the primitive type.
An array is issued a unique SqlRecordId and is stored in the ObjectArrayTable as multiple rows corresponding to its elements. Each row in this table will contain the SqlRecordId of the array instance and the element index. The actual elements are stored in the tables corresponding to their instance types. If the array is a member of a class, then the SqlRecordId of the array is stored in the enclosing class.
An object can be retrieved in two ways: (1) using its SqlRecordID and type; and (2) using selection criteria and type. The type can be any type in the persistence class hierarchy from the root to the actual type of the object. If a SqlRecordID is specified and the type is not a collection, the following steps can be performed to retrieve it:
If a SqlRecordID is specified and the type is a collection, the following steps can be implemented to retrieve it:
Retrieving objects given a query can be more complex and can include:
An object can be deleted in two ways: (1) using its SqlRecordID and type and (2) using selection criteria and type. The type can be any type in the persistence class hierarchy from the root to the actual type of the object. If a SqlRecordID is specified and the type is not a collection, the following steps can be performed to delete it:
Steps c, d should be done only if the recurse parameter is set to true. If a SqlRecordID is specified and the type is a collection, the following steps can be implemented to delete it:
Deleting objects given a query can be more complex and can involve the following:
Notwithstanding the foregoing implementation details and examples that have been provided herein, it will be appreciated that the scope of the present invention broadly extends to any method, system or computer program product in which tables or other data structures are created in response to attributes and other adornments that are associated with the objects and fields of classes and data types to be stored. Such a method for creating a database mechanism for storing data does not rely on the expertise of the programmer with regard to databases, but rather only on the knowledge of intended use for the data. This represents an improvement over prior art systems, such as Access and other database tools that require the programmer to understand how they want the database to be structured.
The present invention also enables the database mechanism to be scalable and interoperable with various different data formats and relational database systems. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that the invention can be practiced in various computing environments. One example of a suitable computing environment in which the invention can be practiced now follows.
Computing Environment
The methods that have been described above can be performed with the use of any number of computing modules and systems and network computing environments with various configurations, including personal computers, hand-held devices, multi-processor systems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and the like. The invention may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by local and remote processing devices that are linked (either by hardwired links, wireless links, or by a combination of hardwired or wireless links) through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.
With reference to
The computer 420 may also include a magnetic hard disk drive 427 for reading from and writing to a magnetic hard disk 439, a magnetic disk drive 428 for reading from or writing to a removable magnetic disk 429, and an optical disk drive 430 for reading from or writing to removable optical disk 431 such as a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM or other optical media. The magnetic hard disk drive 427, magnetic disk drive 428, and optical disk drive 430 are connected to the system bus 423 by a hard disk drive interface 432, a magnetic disk drive-interface 433, and an optical drive interface 434, respectively. The drives and their associated computer-readable media provide nonvolatile storage of computer-executable instructions, data structures, program modules and other data for the computer 420. Although the exemplary environment described herein employs a magnetic hard disk 439, a removable magnetic disk 429 and a removable optical disk 431, other types of computer readable media for storing data can be used, including magnetic cassettes, flash memory cards, digital versatile disks, Bernoulli cartridges, RAMs, ROMs, and the like.
Program code means comprising one or more program modules may be stored on the hard disk 439, magnetic disk 429, optical disk 431, ROM 424 or RAM 425, including an operating system 435, one or more application programs 436, other program modules 437, and program data 438. A user may enter commands and information into the computer 420 through keyboard 440, pointing device 442, or other input devices (not shown), such as a microphone, joy stick, game pad, satellite dish, scanner, or the like. These and other input devices are often connected to the processing unit 421 through a serial port interface 446 coupled to system bus 423. Alternatively, the input devices may be connected by other interfaces, such as a parallel port, a game port or a universal serial bus (USB). A monitor 447 or another display device is also connected to system bus 423 via an interface, such as video adapter 448. In addition to the monitor, personal computers typically include other peripheral output devices (not shown), such as speakers and printers.
The computer 420 may operate in a networked environment using logical connections to one or more remote computers, such as remote computers 449 a and 449 b. Remote computers 449 a and 449 b may each be another personal computer, a server, a router, a network PC, a peer device or other common network node, and typically include many or all of the elements described above relative to the computer 420, although only memory storage devices 450 a and 450 b and their associated application programs 436 a and 436 b have been illustrated in
When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 420 is connected to the local network 451 through a network interface or adapter 453. When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer 420 may include a modem 454, a wireless link, or other means for establishing communications over the wide area network 452, such as the Internet. The modem 454, which may be internal or external, is connected to the system bus 423 via the serial port interface 446. In a networked environment, program modules depicted relative to the computer 420, or portions thereof, may be stored in the remote memory storage device. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown are exemplary and other means of establishing communications over wide area network 452 may be used.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Patent Citations
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Francis Atterbury
11 of 16 portraits of Francis Atterbury
© National Portrait Gallery, London
Francis Atterbury
by Robert Grave, after George Perfect Harding, after Sir Godfrey Kneller, Bt
line engraving, published 1822
8 1/4 in. x 6 1/4 in. (210 mm x 160 mm) plate size
Given by the daughter of compiler William Fleming MD, Mary Elizabeth Stopford, 1931
Reference Collection
Click on the links below to find out more:
Sitterback to top
- Francis Atterbury (1662-1732), Bishop of Rochester. Sitter in 16 portraits.
Artistsback to top
- Robert Grave (1768-1825), Printseller. Artist associated with 31 portraits, Sitter in 3 portraits.
- George Perfect Harding (1779 or 1780-1853), Portrait painter, copyist and antiquary. Artist associated with 169 portraits, Sitter in 1 portrait.
- Sir Godfrey Kneller, Bt (1646-1723), Portrait painter. Artist associated with 1677 portraits, Sitter associated with 30 portraits.
Subject/Themeback to top
Exhibitions and displays
- The Tudors Reimagined: George Perfect Harding
Until 17 January 2016


text:
Syria Multimedia
Year of Crisis: The Middle East in 2015
In a region already known for volatility, the Middle East continues to encounter new levels of crisis as conflicts rage in a number of countries. According to a panel of regional experts, "crisis" will continue to be the order of the day in 2015. Their observations on what's been happening and what to expect in the coming months is the focus of this edition of REWIND.
The Most Underreported News Stories of 2014
Every year there are major events around the world that fly under the mainstream media's radar despite their seminal impact. Four Wilson Center scholars who are also leading journalists from some of the world's largest media organizations tell us what they consider to be the most underreported news stories of 2014.
It's Complicated: The Evolving Dynamics of Iran's Relations With Iraq and Syria
In this Context interview, Jubin Goodarzi, Middle East scholar and analyst, discussed the complicated regional dynamics among Iraq, Syria, and Iran.
The Future of Syria: A History Lesson
In this Context interview, Christian Sahner, a historian of the Middle East, provided insight into Syria's civil war and the impact of the emergence of the Islamic State through the lens of history.
Jane Harman on Face the Nation
"Our counter narrative against ISIL is what is going to win the day. If we don't win the argument, we, the coalition of forty, are never going to prevail against the extremists." says Jane Harman.
Which Boots on the Ground Can We Trust?
"I do think boots on the ground are necessary to achieve the mission... but the face of the boots on the ground ought to be a Muslim face from the region," says Jane Harman in this interview on Morning Joe.
Obama to Make Case for Military Action Against ISIS
"The reality is this: the fight against ISIS is going to be ongoing when Barak Obama leaves the White House. There is no Hollywood ending to this thing. It's not going to be quick, easy or cheap," says Aaron David Miller in this interview.
Why NATO Needs Turkey in the Fight Against ISIS
"When you look at ISIS, it's in at least two countries - you have it in Iraq and you have it in Syria - and that complicates exactly how you can go against them and deteriorate their ability to carry out terrorist acts. You have to have countries in the region who support this (campaign against ISIS). It can't be a west against this group (ISIS), it has to be other countries and especially countries from that region," says Jill Dougherty.
U.S. Seeking to Build Coalition to Take on ISIS
"This is a very risk averse president, and a relatively risk averse American population, we are not going to forge the kind of coalition which allows for thousands of boots on the ground in Iraq and Syria" says Aaron David Miller.
Civil War in Syria: How Will It End?
Robert Ford, America's recently retired ambassador to Syria, shares his thoughts on the use of force, the prospects for a diplomatic solution, and the possibility of collaborating with Iran during a candid discussion of the ongoing violence with Syria.


text:
Yoast SEO shows that it has created a sitemap, including a list of XML files. But when I look at the site via FTP there is NO sitemap(s). Also, when I point the Google Webmaster to it they say there is NO sitemap. So, where is the sitemap?
Yoast SEO shows that it has created a sitemap, including a list of XML files. But when I look at the site via FTP there is NO sitemap(s). Also, when I point the Google Webmaster to it they say there is NO sitemap. So, where is the sitemap?
hummm ... I was doing the same search today ...
It's very frustrating that Yoast can't explain how his plugin is implemented!
I did find one comment somewhere here in the forum that suggests that the data is kept in the wp database. I did some snooping and did find that in my case there were over 600 "yoast" entries in my wp_postmeta table so I have a feeling that the comment may be correct. I also did some prelim digging into his plugin code and that looks like he is creating a sitemap on the site.
So, I don't have any idea what in H___ is going on! I just know that I am not getting any Google hits even though I have the sitemap option turned on!
In waltzing around google I do find that he is pretty good about replying,
though I am certain he and his team are busier than a one armed paper hanger.
Strange your not getting any google hits ... what do you mean by "hits"?
Is your site a new site? On webmaster tools are you indexed with no or low errors?
I didn't see the comment on the WP Database - perhaps I'll try to look there but I would be pretty adverse to changing something there.
I also posted something tonight on the use of the advance tabs (noindex nofollow) and when does the XML sitemap regenerate, and a second question on the logout/?_wpnonce and how I can set this to noindex nofollow.
I have not yet asked - but I am also very curious as to why sometimes when I go to SEO XML Sitemap I get a very nice screen showing the sitemaps and other times when I go I get a text string ... perhaps the sitemaps are running under some kind of background chron process and you get the text string when it's running?
As I used the advance tab to noindex several pages ... and I still have unchanged XML sitemaps after - and now I have the text string - I will be curious to see if the noindex are gone when I get back to the pretty page showing the xml site maps.
Finally - when I look at webmaster tools - I seem to have a robots.txt - when I look in my directories or on the edit function of Yoast SEO it tells me I have no robots.txt ... so I am curious as to how this all works ...
Here is my problem. I have Yoast sitemap turned on and when I click on the XML Sitemaps button it displays some sitemap links to me. BUT, when I log into my Webmaster Google account it says that I don't have a sitemap!
ok - first it was doing what I said ... when you have text it is apparently generating a new sitemap as this morning I have "fresh" sitemaps.
for your problem - depending on how you have configured Yoast when you look at the XML sitemap you should see a page (the url should be http://your.site/sitemap_index.xml
When you go to webmaster tools - make sure 1st your site is correctly defined ...
www - and http:// are not the same ...
the first time you submit a site map - you must submit the site map
first step should be to cut and paste the individual sitemap name into submit site map in googlewebmaster ... do a test first and it will tell you if they find your sitemap.
try using one of the sitemaps shown on the page
might be --- http://your.site/page-sitemap.xml
if your seeing www then make sure webmaster for your site is defined as www
if your seeing http then make sure webmaster for your site is define as http
I know I am being pedantic here but if we are going to try to figure this out
we need to start at the first step ...
sorry if I offended you
Hi, IRedCord,
Not offended. Just haven't responded until now. I am the webmaster on the site and there are NO XML files on the site---anywhere!
as far as I can tell the "physical" xml files - are not there - at least in a traditional sense,
in terms of controlling generation and content of what's listed in the Yoast xml files
I've had quite some luck - I've been generally using the Titles + Metas tabs to manage
in general terms the overall content, and the Advanced Tab on products and pages to exclude specific things.
if your not seeing XML sitemaps on the Yoast sitemap tab then generally it would be either an issue with your theme integration of Yoast or the Yoast configurations done
I added yesterday the robots.txt file (which wasn't there) and re-submitted my site maps (setting many pages to nofollow noindex on the advanced tab),
this morning when I checked there are still some errors which for some reason google has links to pages which are no longer there and are no longer in the site maps (I am not sure why these links remain persistent but they do) and for several listings google seems to ignore the Yoast information and google just puts stuff in from the page in the snippet (like footer information ... or worse combines some of the Yoast data with some of the page data giving a totally random text snippet)
other than the above - it would be hard to figure what is going wrong with your sitemaps - I always try to remember when I am frustrated: "Computers are stupid, they do exactly what we tell them to do"
This topic has been closed to new replies.


text:
National Council of Resident/Fellow Members
- To view more information about the Council, visit the CRFM web site.
Apply for Resident/Fellow membership Now!
Below are useful resources to assist you in your path to Internal Medicine.
ACP Resident/Fellow Member Support
- Benefits of Resident/Fellow membership
- Participate in the Special Interest Groups
- Education and Certification Information for residents and fellows
- Take advantage of ACP's Career Counseling
- ACP Guide to Preparing for the Abstract Competition
- Volunteer Opportunities
- Search ACP's Residency Database for a complete list of internal medicine residency programs in the United States.
- Search the Mentoring Database for a mentor within the ACP community to provide you with personal and professional guidance.
- ACP Smart Medicine
- Articles for Resident/Fellow Members
- Annals of Internal Medicine
- ACP Journal Club
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CME information and MKSAP
Page Updated: 6/18/2015
What's New
- Governor's Newsletter - June 2015
- We are proud to announce that Michael C. Sha, MD, FACP was awarded the Chapter Centennial Legacy Award
- Meet Our Governor-elect Designee, Bradley L. Allen, MD, FACP
- Download handouts from the 2014 IN Chapter Meeting
- Indiana Chapter Webinar Playbacks Now Available
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Indiana Chapter Governor:
J. Matthew Neal, MD, MBA, CPE, FACP, FACE
Email: email@example.com
(765) 747-4350; Fax (765) 751-1451
Donna Seawards
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Ph: 623-225-5527
Chapter Address:
4319 West Clara Lane, PMB #288
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With Instructables you can share what you make with the world and tap into an ever-growing community of creative experts.
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Handcraft 925 Sterling Silver and Red String Braided Bracelet DIY 09
925 Sterling silver hollow-out beads Bright Red cords Yellow hue cords Others:Scissor, Measuring tapes
(Click here to see the detail instruction on making Double Coin Knot.)
Click here to see the Snake Knot tutorial.
The wrapped knot is used to make a bundle, when you have several cords that need to be grounded together. So it's also referred to as a collecting kno...
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Every doctor that I consult (9 so far) recommends that I use hydroquinone to lighten my dark circles. Online research also shows that almond oil is a good lightener. I really want to try both methods without waiting for 3 months between them. I was wondering if it is safe (and perhaps even more effective) if I mix the two and apply under the eyes? would the oil make the hydroquinone ineffective if mixed together? should I apply them separately? for instance hydro half hr before the almond oil?
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Through his public projects and media installations, Daniel Peltz explores complex social systems, attempting to provoke ruptures in the socio/cultural fabric through which new ways of being may emerge and be considered. To accomplish these goals, he uses a range of intervention, ethnographic and performance strategies. His projects often take the form of existing social systems to directly engage non-art audiences in the language of critical art practice.
Peltz has been a resident artist at Yaddo in the USA; Helsinki International Artist Program in Finland; International Artists Studio Program in Sweden; Artspace in Australia; Cemeti Art House in Indonesia; and Spaced in Western Australia.
Recent exhibitions, public interventions and commissioned projects include:
Media Infrastructures / Social Systems
Public Art / Intervention practices
Sited Installation
Live-feed Video
Ethnography / Anthropology
Performance / Speech Making
Land art
Revolutionary Pedagogy
Meditation and non-mind-based process of making and learning
Apparel DesignArchitectureCeramicsDigital + MediaFilm/Animation/VideoFoundation StudiesFurniture DesignGlassGraphic DesignHistory of Art + Visual CultureHistory, Philosophy + the Social SciencesIllustrationIndustrial DesignInterior ArchitectureJewelry + MetalsmithingLandscape ArchitectureLiterary Arts + StudiesPaintingPhotographyPrintmakingSculptureTeaching + Learning in Art + DesignTextiles


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Skip to Content - Skip to Navigation
Home > Academics > Academic Resources > Registrar > For Faculty
Office of the Registrar
An Excel spreadsheet of all courses (Comprehensive Course List) is available in the X:/public/registrar/ folder.
Please note that the spreadsheet includes two worksheets. Click on the red summary tab (bottom left) for information and definition of the columns and field values. Click on the green ALL Courses tab for the course list information. The Comprehensive Course List.xlsx file will open as read-only. To create a copy that you may sort and edit, perform a Save As to save a personal copy to another location.
For those who may not have access to the X: drive, a PDF version of the Comprehensive Course List is available.
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Bio: We are AJ and D, The Members of Eclectic Pop ® Music Duo Feminine Rhyme. we also own and operate Electric Pop Publishing Company ™.
we have been managing & Publishing our own music since the beginning and, we also exclusively Publish a few other recording artists Releases as well, in the nea... See Full Bio


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A Short, Sharp Shock
Random House Publishing Group, Dec 23, 2009 - Fiction - 208 pages
Kim Stanley Robinson, award-winning author of the bestselling Red Mars, Green Mars, and the soon-to-be-published Blue Mars, was called "a literary landscape artist, creating breathtaking vistas" by The Detroit Metro News. Now he confirms his reputation for brilliance and for the unexpected in this luminous short work.
A Short, Sharp Shock
A man tumbles through wild surf, half drowned, to collapse on a moonlit beach. When he regains consciousness, he has no memory of who he is or where he came from. he know only that the woman who washed ashore with him has disappeared sometime in the night, and that he has awakened in a surreal landscape of savage beauty -- a mysterious watery world encircled by a thin spine of land. Aided by strange tribesmen, he will journey to the cove of the spine kings, a brutal race that has enslaved the woman and several of the tribesmen. That is only the beginning of his quest, as he struggles to find her identity in this wondrous and cruel land -- and seeks out the woman whose hold on his imagination is both unfathomable and unshakable.
Haunting and lyrical, filled with uncommon beauty and terrible peril, A Short, Sharp Shock is an ambitious and enthralling story by one of science fiction's most respected talents.
From the Paperback edition.
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Review: A Short, Sharp ShockUser Review - Goodreads
Dreamlike. I enjoy reading stories that are unusual, set in times or places that I could not experience in ordinary life. Read full review
Review: A Short, Sharp ShockUser Review - Goodreads
A thoroughly mystifying book, full of well-drawn and often beautiful images, of which I could make neither head nor tail. Is this a halfway house inhabited by souls between reincarnations? A simulated ... Read full review


text:
The Burris festivities should start some time after noon.
Here's the link to C-Span 2, which is covering the Senate floor starting at 12 PM. I will be happy to put up something embeddable, just as soon as I find one, or have it pointed out to me. We don't yet know if there's going to be an physical Wallace at the Schoolhouse Door moment for Reid yet, so this may be anticlimactic. Then | Read More »


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*** Official Lost Coast Feedback Thread ***
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Registered User
Join Date: May 2006
Posts: 1
Re: *** Official Lost Coast Feedback Thread ***
I don't know if this is the "official" lost coast feedback thread, but here's my tuppence worth anyway:
Basically I couldn't have enjoyed it more. Okay, so the technology they have created has its quirks, but the way they lay out the trailer is more like a gameplay tute than an engine modding show off.
I really appreciated how they told you why they had implemented each part of the map, how they told you why they chose it and what underlying game creating 'laws' made them choose each area.
I really hope they keep creating things like this and I hope they diversify and explain and show different aspects of the Steam Engine and gameplay (remember that word?... gameplay)
tbh if these guys released a Steam modding tutorial that instructed you in such an in game way... I would buy it. Top Dollar. £50. (what's that $80?)
If this is not the OFFICIAL feedback thread, and you know it, please could you post it and sorry for the gushing... If it is the real thread, then keep up the good work and you can count on my support.
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Members of Congress from both parties told The Los Angeles Times' Janet Hook that they are less than thrilled with the Bush Administration's Congressional outreach. LINK
"This is not the first time the administration has been accused of being too arrogant to consult with Congress, too unwilling to share information — and too ham-handed at congressional relations to massage Capitol Hill's powerful egos."
"But the latest outburst of bitterness has a particularly corrosive edge. Lawmakers are being asked to support Bush's policy amid increased skepticism from their constituents about the administration's actions."
California's new governor: Marc Sandalow of the San Francisco Chronicle writes that Arnold Schwarzenegger has the theatrical part of the job down, now he needs to work on delivering results. (Of course, Mr. Sandalow is aware that Schwarzenegger has yet to take office.) LINK
Gregg Jones of the Los Angeles Times on Gray Davis' "mini-Giuliani moment:" LINK
USA Today 's Glen Sloan writes about the tourism power of the Governor-elect for Sacramento. LINK
The politics of wildfires: The San Francisco Chronicle reports some California elected officials are laying blame at the feet of the Bush Administration for not heeding earlier warnings about removing beetle infested trees. LINK
Playing judicial politics: The Washington Post 's Helen Dewar reports, "Senate Democrats yesterday blocked President Bush's selection of Charles W. Pickering Sr. for a federal appeals court after a two-year struggle that evoked conflicting interpretations of the past, present and future of race relations in Mississippi and Pickering's role in them." LINK
Politics: The New York Times has an exclusive look at the deleted passages of an "internal report that harshly criticized the Justice Department's diversity efforts" assessing the "department's record on diversity as seriously flawed, specifically in the hiring, promotion and retention of minority lawyers." LINK
Look for this to become trail fodder.
This week on "Here's the Point with Mark Halperin," David Maraniss, author of "They Marched Into Sunlight: War and Peace, Vietnam and America, October 1967," reveals that he has done what every Note reader who has written a book longs to do — he sold the movie rights to Tom Hanks.
Tom Shales, eat your heart out.
The show airs this weekend on an ABC News radio station near you. Check local listings.


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3 bed, 2 full bath. Very nice brick ranch on a large lot in a great , established neighborhood. Many recent renovationsMore info
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Thank you for your feedback!
How Do I Reset My SPH-M560 (Reclaim) Phone?
To reset the handset to factory default settings follow the steps below:
Reset Phone
- From standby, press the left soft key for Menu
- Select Settings (7)
- Select More... (7)
- Select Security (0)
- Enter User Lock code (Hint: default is last four digits of phone number)
- Select Erase/Reset (3)
- Select Reset All Settings (9)
- Highlight Yes and press the Menu/OK key
- Confirm by highlighting Yes and pressing the Menu/OK key again
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Rusty Nails It: Tony has tamed Martinsville
After two weeks of short tracks, Rusty Wallace writes this week it's all about down force and power at Texas Motor Speedway.
Updated: April 12, 2006, 12:56 PM ETBy Rusty Wallace | Special to ESPN.com
The reason Tony Stewart has performed very well at Martinsville was due to the testing he did last year at the track. I happened to be at Martinsville at the time when Stewart tested, and his team hit on something. During that two-day test, all the things he was unsure about, they figured it out. Stewart figured out what brakes, springs and shocks they wanted to use and got the car to perform the way Tony wanted it to. Ever since that test, Tony has been amazing at Martinsville.
Tony ...
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Check out Cybil Chaudhry latest photoshoot for most-awaited Eid collection of highly acclaimed designer label 'Khaadi'.
- Pakistani Music
- Pakistani Media
- Underground
- News
- Articles & Reviews
- Concerts
- Downloads
- Pictures
- Misc
Check out Cybil Chaudhry latest photoshoot for most-awaited Eid collection of highly acclaimed designer label 'Khaadi'.
Aamina Sheikh and Mohib Mirza's Wardrobe: Shehla Chatoor, Deepak Perwani, Maheen Karim
Hair & Makeup: Eric @ N PRO
Photography by: Rizwan Ul Haq
Overload, certainly the loudest band of Pakistan, has completed its 10 long years. Since its inception, the band has produced quite unique and impressive songs. Either its Sheraz's keyboard skills or Farhad's passion towards drums, these guys have done their job quite well. Inclusion of a traditional dhol player makes this band a perfect blend of contemporary and traditional music.
On completing the 10 long years, Overload recently did a photo shoot. Check out these photos which are taken at Riot Studios by Rehan Qureshi:
Checkout the photos below: (more…)
"Ali Zafar is as dapper as they come. He makes a haute statement that not only brings out his inherent style but his animal magnetism as well" – FilmfareCheck out complete gallery below: #gallery-1 { margin: auto; } #gallery-1 .gallery-item { float: left; margin-top: 10px; text-align: center; width:...
Sara Loren aka Mona liza after sparking with her bold and seductive scenes in the 3rd iteration of flagship series of murder, murder 3-now is yet again set to get us drooling with her ultra hot photoshoot for March 2013 FHM cover. An year ago, Veena stirred a lot of controversy in Pakistan, due to her topless Photo shoot, for the same...
Humaima Malick and Imran Abbas shoots for the Valentine's Day special cover for MAG the weekly magazine. (more…)
Leisure Club (LC) has launched its Winter Collection 2013. The collection is modeled by "Famous" Shaan for men wear, "Elegant" Amina Sheikh for women wear and "Melodious" Nabeel Shaukat Ali. The family brand Leisure Culb has launched complete family line-up for this winter. The trendy collection is now available on all stores in Pakistan.
Checkout the collection modeled by stars below:
Nabeel Shaukat Ali:
Amina Sheikh:


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Sponge analogy
Wooley said that they don't know where the guest molecules are residing in the host material, and her group is now inserting stable isotopes into the host and guest molecules and with the help of her colleague Jacob Schaefer, Ph.D., Washington University Charles Allen Thomas Professor of Chemistry, will measure the difference between those stable isotopes to help find where the guests are located relative to the host..
"We want to know where they reside because that should tell us why this material is providing a favorable environment at room temperature but at elevated temperature for some reason everything is being expelled rapidly,," she said. "We don't know if there is some reorganization of the morphology of the material or whether the guests partition to different domains at different temperatures."
Wooley says that the results of her research with the polymers ?the promoted release, the anti-fouling application ?are "strange, if not weird, but there is so much going on here, we want to explore it all.."
That weirdness suggests equally weird mechanical properties. Wooley and her post doctoral researcher Jinqi Xu, Ph.D., are exploring those properties and one essential irony ?the material, similar to a hydrogel because it takes in water, oddly becomes stronger when water absorbs into it. Think of a soggy diaper as a hydrogel. If you liken Wooley' s materials to a diaper, that wet one becomes nearly petrified. That's known as an increased modulus value ?a measure of stress versus strain.
"When you pull on a sponge, the water comes back out," she said. "But in our case, because our sponge and the channels within it are essentially nanosco
Source:Washington University in St. Louis


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Liverpool receive a tongue-lashing in the new Football Podcast, plus there's criticism of Chelsea and an Everton bad-boy, and transfer chat too.
Twas the Podcast before Christmas... but there's little festive cheer on display in the studio as several Premier League teams and players find themselves on the naughty list.
Our three 'wise men' are host Mikey Burrows of Sky Sports News Radio, and TEAMtalk.com duo Jon Holmes and Matt Stead.
First on the agenda are Chelsea, whose lack of belief in the Club World Cup final draws widespread disapproval.
The Manchester clubs added some sparkle to the latest round of Premier League fixtures, but north-east neighbours Newcastle and Sunderland could both be in for a bleak midwinter.
We deliver some harsh truths to Liverpool after their lethargic defeat to Aston Villa, and contemplate Marouane Fellaini's future at Everton after his "perfect hat-trick" of ill-discipline in the 1-1 draw at Stoke.
Listen now!
http://www.mixcloud.com/djdavegriff/b... hi feel free to check my mixes out from dave griff


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Gallery seeks exhibition submissions - deadline extended
16 Jun 2014 – 22 Aug 2014
- Riverside
- Twickenham
- United Kingdom
- www.richmond.gov.uk/arts
Travel Information
- Buses from Richmond Train Station:33, 490, H22, R68, R70. Alight at Marble Hill Park.
- Nearest Tube is Richmond.
- Nearest train stations are St Margarets and Twickenham.
Seeking submissions
AboutWe are still seeking submissions from solo artists or groups for our 2015 Stables Gallery and Riverside Gallery exhibition programmes. The deadline has now been extended until Friday 22 August 2014, so there is plenty of time to get your submissions in. All submissions must be made by post to Orleans House Gallery, Riverside, Twickenham, TW1 3DJ Click on the links below for more information: http://www.richmond.gov.uk/gallery_selection_process_1415.pdf http://www.richmond.gov.uk/stables_gallery_submission_1415.pdf http://www.richmond.gov.uk/riverside_gallery_submission_1415.pdf
Have you been to this event? What do you think? Join the discussion here!
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Sophie Station Suites provides complimentary Courtesy Van service between the hotel and the
Fairbanks International Airport and the Alaska Railroad station for arrivals and departing guests.
Fountainhead Hotels provides a complimentary Around Town Express service to all hotel guests during the summer season. The Express follows a scheduled route to popular Fairbanks attractions.
Scheduled stops include the Fountainhead Antique Auto Museum, UA Museum of the North, Pioneer Park and Bridgewater Hotel in downtown Fairbanks.
Sophie Station Suites
1717 University Avenue South
Fairbanks Alaska, 99709
Front Desk 907.479.3650
Fountainhead Antique Auto Museum
212 Wedgewood Drive
Fairbanks Alaska, 99701
Front Desk 907.450.2100
Wedgewood Wildlife Sanctuary
Taiga Center
420 Wedgewood Drive
Fairbanks, AK 99701
Sophie Station Suites
1717 University Avenue South
Fairbanks Alaska, 99709
Front Desk 907.479.3650
Fax : 907.479.7951
Reservations: 800.528.4916
Email: email@example.com
From Fairbanks International Airport
*Distance 2.8 miles - 6 minutes
- Head on Airport Way to University Avenue
- Turn right onto University Avenue South
- Turn left after 0.3 miles to your destination


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Golden Sole
8 Jun 2009
|Frozen sole fillets
|16 Ounce (1 package)
|1 Tablespoon
|Hollandaise sauce mix
|1 3⁄4 Ounce (1 package)
|Canned asparagus spears
|19 Ounce, drained (1 can)
Thaw fillets just until they can be separated.
Heat oven to 475°.
Arrange fish in ungreased baking dish, 11 1/2X7 1/2X 1 1/2 inches, leaving space in center of dish.
Season fish with salt and pepper and dot with butter.
Bake uncovered 15 minutes.
While fish bakes, prepare hollandaise sauce as directed on package.
Remove fish from oven; arrange asparagus in center of dish.
Pour hollandaise sauce on asparagus.
Bake 5 minutes or until heated through.
Serve with Country-style Waldorf Salad (page 56), a green vegetable and Dill Mashed Potatoes (page 65).
Strawberry Cream (page 100) is the beverage dessert.
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Golden Sole Recipe


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I started this instructable with an old BBQ...(love my wife who got me a new one)...any way back to the project...i wanted a side burner for awhile no...
i used a jiggsaw for this job
i used four rivuts and am thinking about more
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BBQ Beefcakesby moonshine88
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Originally written on Fox Sports | Last updated 10/26/12
Stephen A. Smith and ESPN think we forgot the fool-me idiom. Shame on them. For the second time in less than a year, the black beard paid to mask Skip Bayless' blatant negro-baiting uttered "N-word, please" on a national-television platform allegedly reserved for non-profane, professional discussion. The first time was in December during a debate about LeBron James. Smith tweeted a denial. The second time was Thursday, when Smith was discussing Kobe Bryant. Smith, this time, taped a post-show denial. I'm not going to waste a lot of time breaking down the weakness of Smith's latest denial. He dropped the N-word. The audio and video speak for themselves. Smith's laughable denial doesn't even attempt to explain what he said if not "n---a, please." Nope. The discussion today should focus on First Take, and why this particular show can't avoid sprinkling the N-word into its discourse. Think about it. Across the television landscape, there are hundreds of talk shows. As best I can te...
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Not so many years ago, I stared tremendous debt in the face, a direct consequence of losing my full-time job and failing to check my spending. And so for the briefest of moments, I considered bankruptcy. It didn't take long for the financial gurus … [Read more...]
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Before You Apply, What You Need to Know About Balance Transfer Credit Cards
If you're struggling with credit card debt, a balance transfer credit card can save you money on interest while you repay it. Fortunately, I haven't used balance transfer credit cards in a long time (because I haven't carried credit card debt in a … [Read more...]
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Capital One Venture Card The Capital One Venture Card pays double miles for every dollar spent. There is a $59 annual fee after the first year. View details or apply Capital One VentureOne Card The Capital One Venture Card pays … [Read more...]
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What Credit Score Do You Need To Get Approved For A Credit Card?
If you're looking to be approved for a credit card, you'll need to have a credit score that meets the bank's minimum criteria. This is why we hammer home this advice here on Money Under 30: Know your credit score. Keeping track of your credit … [Read more...]
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Pros and Cons of Using 0% APR Credit Cards for Purchases
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Giotto - MT-8260 carbon fiber tripod
Started Jun 24, 2011 | Discussions thread
Regular Member • Posts: 433
I've been using Giottos' for 3 years or so. Killed an aluminum one at negative 15 degrees Fahrenheit (a leg just broke off - but next to me same thing happened to a guy using a Gitzo CF he bought for some $900). I've been abusing the Giottos CF version ever since, no glitch.
Absolutely love the versatility.
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We are going to WDW at the end of May. The first morning we arrive at 630am and it's Morning EMH at MK.
We are planning on hitting the MK in the morning then going over to Epcot once MK gets busy until we can get into our hotel.
What I'd like to do is just park at Epcot, take the monorail to the TTC, then MK. Then back to epcot where our car will be after we leave MK.
Is this possible? Will the Epcot parking lot be open that early, and will the Monorail from Epcot be running that early? Or even a bus from Epcot to TTC would work I guess.
Thanks in advance for any answers.


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Dell 65W Adapter YD637(Black)
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Apple Store
210 Andover StreetPeabody, MA 01960
(978) 326-0970Driving directions and map
|Store hours:
|Mon - Sat:
|10:00 a.m. - 9:00 p.m.
|11:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m.
Apple Store
210 Andover StreetPeabody, MA 01960
(978) 326-0970
How to get here:View store information
The Apple Store is located in Northshore Mall, at 210 Andover Street in Peabody, MA. Traveling on Route 128, take exit 25B for Route 114 west towards Middleton. Northshore Mall is on the left. The Apple Store is in the main corridor of the mall near the Nordstrom wing, across from Victoria's Secret. The mall entrance closest to the Apple Store is near Joe's American Bar and Grill.
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Hale Carnival04/07/2015
A great family event including carnival parade, fete on the green and firework finale.
Farnham Charity Bike Ride 201505/07/2015
The annual Farnham Charity Bike Ride is a fun and increasingly popular community event with a great family atmosphere for cyclists of all ages and abilities.
Hospice Plant Sale – July05/07/2015
Come down to one of our plant sales at the Hospice in July
Open Garden at Monksfield05/07/2015
Open Garden at Monksfield Sunday 5th July - Fun Family Day Out
Music in the Meadow05/07/2015
Live music from 3-5pm in Gostrey Meadow every Sunday during the summer
Rhymetime at Farnham Library07/07/2015
Songs and nursery rhymes for under 5's every Tuesday from 11.00 - 11.30
Introduction to Wet Felting07/07/2015
Join Janine Rees for another exciting workshop introducing you to the craft of wet felt making
Lavender Workshop08/07/2015
Make a Lavender wand and find about more about English Lavender and its uses.
Farnham Business Connections Lunchtime Networking Event09/07/2015
If you are a local business and looking to make more contacts join us for lunch Farnham Business Connections - A Business Networking group to suit everyone.
The Blueswater at the Farnham Maltings09/07/2015
Boogaloo Promotions presents the Blueswater at the Farnham Maltings


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Toys For 4 Year Olds
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