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A preferred method embodiment of the subject invention comprises a method for dynamically creating hierarchies to be used in database searches, comprising the steps of: (a) defining a data network; (b) receiving a query regarding data stored in one or more databases; and (c) based at least in part on said query and on said data network, dynamically building a hierarchy. A preferred system embodiment of the subject invention comprises a system for dynamically creating hierarchies to be used in database searches, comprising: (a) means for defining a data network; (b) means for receiving a query regarding data stored in one or more databases; and (c) means for, based at least in part on said query, dynamically building a hierarchy from said data network.
1. A method for dynamically creating a hierarchy for use in searching one or more databases, each of the one or more databases having a data model, the method comprising:
extracting a data model from each of the one or more databases, wherein each data model describes two or more data objects stored in a respective database of the one or more databases, and describes at least one relationship between the data objects;
defining a data network comprising a plurality of nodes, a plurality of connectors, and at least one root connector, wherein each of the plurality of connectors describes a relationship between two or more of the plurality of nodes, the plurality of connectors nodes being based on the two or more data objects in the extracted data model, the plurality of connectors being based on relationships in the extracted data model, and the at least one root connector defining an entry point into the data network;
receiving a search query on the data network regarding data stored in the one or more databases, the search query specifying a root connector and at least one of the two or more nodes, wherein the at least one of the two or more nodes is specified in the search query as a member of a hierarchy having the specified root connector at its root level;
translating, using a computer, the search query on the data network into a query that is configured to run on the one or more databases, wherein the translation comprises a dynamic creation of a hierarchy based on the specified root connector and the specified nodes; and
searching the one or more databases with the translated query.
2. A method as in
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selecting desired fields;
specifying a root; and
specifying a search condition.
18. The method of
19. The method of
wherein the set of connectors comprises one or more of the following: one to many connector, one to one connector, calculator connector, or pivot connector,
wherein the calculator connector performs calculations on specified fields using a specified custom calculator, and
wherein the pivot connector pivots data from a node linked to the pivot connector.
20. A system for dynamically creating a hierarchy for use in searching one or more databases, the system comprising:
one or more host computers, on which the one or more databases reside;
a data model extracted from each of the one or more databases, wherein each data model describes two or more data objects stored in a corresponding one of the one or more databases, and describes at least one relationship between the two or more data objects;
a data network, based on the data model, comprising:
a plurality of nodes based on the two or more data objects;
a plurality of connectors describing a relationship between two or more of the plurality of nodes based on the relationships in the data model; and
at least one root connector defining an entry point into the data network; and
a query server, in electronic communication with the data network, configured to:
search the data network with a query regarding data stored in one or more databases, the query specifying a root connector and at least one of the two or more of the plurality of nodes, and the at least one of the two or more of the plurality of nodes being specified in the query as members of a hierarchy having the specified root connector at its root level;
receive and translate the query into a translated query that can run on the one or more databases, the translated query comprising a dynamic creation of a hierarchy based on the specified root connector and the specified nodes; and
search the one or more databases with the translated query.
21. A system as in
select desired fields;
specify a root; and
specify a search condition.
22. A system as in
one or more database servers, each of which is in electronic communication with the query server, wherein each of the one or more database servers is operable to search the one or more databases;
wherein the query server is operable to receive the query over the electronic communication network from the user terminal and, based on the query, dynamically create one or more hierarchies.
23. A system as in
24. A system as in
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/858,897, filed Jun. 1, 2004. The disclosure of the foregoing application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
In the past, support for complex data models requiring integration was provided within each data source or through code written by the customer or consultant. For example, the complex data hierarchy used in Beilstein databases is built into Beilstein itself. Relational databases such as Oracle have no such capability and require expert knowledge of the underlying table structure, SQL, and programming in order to integrate the data in a way that is accessible to end users.
One existing integration system is ISIS ("Integrated Scientific Information System"), a product of MDL Information Systems, Inc. of San Leandro, Calif. ISIS is a leading informatics system in the life science and chemical industries. The ISIS/Host API is a C interface that provides integration of data sources and structure searching. The Hview is an editable text file that informs ISIS/Host of how the end user will see this integration. Using the Hview, ISIS/Host can open similar databases that reside on one or more host computers and present a unified view of the data to ISIS users.
Although the Hview provides a very powerful way of describing data models, it has some serious limitations. First, it is too rigid. For example, a given data model may be viewed as many different hierarchies; sometimes it even makes sense to query one hierarchy and retrieve another. In the ISIS domain, viewing data via different Hviews is problematic, and may require a programmer to write custom code. Second, Hviews support a limited set of data relationships. Pivoting of data is functionality that almost every customer requires, yet it is not supported directly by ISIS/Host. Even in the simplest pivoting case, searching and retrieving data is a two-step process; in most cases, it is far more complex. Finally, the syntax of Hviews is arcane; some companies have experts dedicated to writing and maintaining Hviews. Although the underlying process of describing complex data models may always require experts, the syntax used should make the process easier, not harder.
Goals of a preferred system embodiment of the present invention comprise the following. First, the system should be flexible and make it easier to provide multiple hierarchical views of the same data model. Second, the system should be extensible to allow, new unforeseen data relationships to be defined. Third, the process of describing a data model should not be made more difficult via an arcane syntax.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, integration is provided via an Integrating Data Source (IDS). This data source may be accessed and manipulated using standard interfaces; queries may be made using hierarchical extensions to SQL (UQL) and data may be returned in hierarchical recordsets. (UQL (Unified Query Language) is discussed in greater detail below.)
IDS provides a method for posing hierarchical queries across multiple data sources through a predefined data network. In the IDS, data networks are constructed from "nodes" and "connectors." One data network replaces multiple Hviews. Each node in the network is a relational table or other source of data. Each edge in the network is an XML-defined connector that describes the relationship between the two nodes. The connectors may be defined in static files or created in simple java code at run time.
In contrast to the Hview model, the hierarchical views assembled by the IDS are not static. Many different hierarchies can be constructed dynamically from a single data network depending on the path taken through the network. The starting point in the network becomes the root of the constructed hierarchy. Given a single query, there may be many ways the query could be applied to the network, resulting in different hierarchies. These hierarchies reflect different relationships of the data involved in the query.
Each edge in the network is defined by a connector which describes the data relationship between the two nodes. This data relationship can have a multiplicity of one-to-one or one-to-many and can be involved a transformation of the resulting data (e.g., pivoting). Connectors are directional; to have a connection in both directions, two connectors are defined.
A given connector encapsulates the implementation of a particular data relationship, including translating the query and retrieving data. Most connectors are built by extending one of a small set of basic connectors, then overriding a few methods. General points about connectors comprise:
1. Connectors describe a relationship between two sets of data.
2. A given set of data can be a relational table, SQL statement, calculation, data source, etc.
3. Relationships can be 1-1, 1-many, many-many.
4. Connectors are responsible for generating SQL for searching and retrieval of their associated data.
5. Connectors either retrieve data immediately or defer retrieval until requested.
6. Connectors can transform data transparently (e.g., pivoting).
7. Connectors are easily extended to support new relationships or functionality.
A preferred method embodiment of the subject invention comprises a method for dynamically creating hierarchies to be used in database searches, comprising the steps of: (a) defining a data network; (b) receiving a query regarding data stored in one or more databases; and (c) based at least in part on said query and on said data network, dynamically building a hierarchy. In related embodiments: (1) the data network comprises nodes and connectors; (2) the step of defining a data network comprises linking one or more source nodes to one or more linked nodes via connectors; (3) the connectors comprise output field elements and define relationships between the nodes; (4) a hierarchy is built based on output fields and relationships; (5) there is a step of identifying a root connector in a data network based on a query; (6) the data network is defined based on a relational data model; (7) the step of defining a data network comprises analyzing a data model to identify objects to be exposed; (8) the step of defining a data network comprises analyzing an inheritance tree of identified objects; (9) the step of defining a data network comprises analyzing relationships between objects; (10) relationships between objects comprise multiplicity relationships and reciprocal relationships; (11) the step of defining a data network comprises defining connectors for each of the objects; (12) the step of defining connectors for each of the objects results in exposing relevant data in a hierarchy appropriate for the object; (13) the connectors form subnetworks; (14) for each subnetwork, the connectors therein are modified to reflect relationships between objects in the network; (15) the connectors comprise connectors that transform data; and (16) the connectors comprise connectors that integrate data from external sources.
Another preferred method embodiment of the subject invention comprises a method of querying a data network, comprising the steps of: (a) selecting desired fields; (b) specifying a root; (c) specifying a search condition; and (d) specifying a path to each of one or more of said desired fields. In related embodiments: (1) the step of specifying a root comprises specifying a FROM clause; (2) each path corresponds to a set of connectors; and (3) the set of connectors comprises one or more of the following: one to many connector, one to one connector, pivot connector.
A preferred system embodiment of the subject invention comprises a system for dynamically creating hierarchies to be used in database searches, comprising: (a) means for defining a data network; (b) means for receiving a query regarding data stored in one or more databases; and (c) means for, based at least in part on said query, dynamically building a hierarchy from said data network.
Another preferred system embodiment of the subject invention comprises a system for querying a data network, comprising: (a) means for selecting desired fields; (b) means for specifying a root; and (c) means for specifying a search condition.
Another preferred system embodiment of the subject invention comprises a system for querying databases, comprising: (a) an electronic query server operable to receive electronic communications from and transmit electronic communications to a user terminal via an electronic communication network; and (b) one or more database servers in electronic communication with the query server and operable to search one or more databases; wherein the query server is operable to receive an electronic query over an electronic communication network from the user terminal and, based on that query, dynamically create one or more hierarchies. In related embodiments: (1) one or more hierarchies are created based on data networks; and (2) the data networks comprise nodes connected by connectors and each node corresponds to a set of data.
In a preferred embodiment, an integrating data source (IDS) is a data source combined with one or more other data sources (typically including a relational data source) to form a data network. Based on a provided data model, a data model expert may create a data network. This transforms the data into one or more hierarchical views and provides the ability to search across these data sources and return sets of integrated results. Connectors specify the data relationships between the sources of data.
Connectors with one-to-one or one-to-many data relationships may be used to build a network. Connectors generate SQL statements for search and retrieval of the connectors' associated data.
Data sources in the data network can be a single relational table, a calculation, the results of a SELECT statement, an external data source—potentially anything that supplies data.
The data network can be a simple one—connectors between several sources of data. Or it can be much more complex—thousands of sources of data with connectors linking them. A data network using IDS connectors provides a customized set of data views tailored to the workflow and requirements of a particular usage. In contrast to the Hview model, one data network may replace multiple Hviews and a given data model may be viewed as many different hierarchies. The hierarchical views assembled by the IDS are not static. Flexibility is highly desirable and is an integral feature of IDS. A well-designed data network will allow hierarchies to be built which the designer did not foresee. For example, sometimes it is advantageous to query one hierarchy but retrieve from another.
Another advantage to using IDS is that it permits data transformations, such as pivoting, to occur dynamically. This is just one example of the ability to transform data from the form in which it is stored in a database into a form to which an end user is accustomed. In addition, with IDS one may specify multiple starting points, or roots, for a given search.
Queries preferably are made using the hierarchical extensions of Unified Query Language (UQL) and data are returned in hierarchical recordsets.
The following steps detail preferred IDS workflow.
1. Database administrator analyzes the needs of a site.
2. Database administrator installs databases and sets up accounts for system administrators.
3. System administrator adds database contexts and assigns users to these contexts.
4. System administrator creates data source definitions. XML files are created from these definitions.
5. A data model expert (with system administrator privileges) builds the network.
6. Once the data model expert has built and tested the data network, the system administrator publishes the data network to the server.
7. A scientist (for example) queries the databases using the data network. The scientist creates the queries using the hierarchical extensions of UQL, and data is returned in hierarchical recordsets.
In some cases, it may be necessary to define new, unforeseen data relationships not supported by the standard IDS connectors. If so, the data model expert specifies new connectors as needed and passes the specifications to a developer. The developer builds the required connectors.
About Connectors
A connector is the basic building block of a data network in an integrating data source. A connector is an XML description of the relationship between nodes of data in a data network. This relationship is used by the connector when it generates the native query for the search and retrieval of the linked data. The relationship can be one-to-one or one-to-many. The relationship also specifies whether the data retrieval is performed immediately or deferred until requested.
How Connectors Build a Data Network
Although a connector establishes the link between the source node and the linked node, it preferably defines access only to the data in the linked node. Access to the data in the source node preferably is defined by another connector. To access data in both the source node and the linked node, one preferably needs a connector for each node.
The data in this network is defined by the output fields in each connector. The hierarchy retrieved from a query is derived from the specified output fields and the relationships defined by their connectors. The multiplicity of the relationships between two nodes affect the shape of the hierarchy. For a one-to-one relationship, the output fields of the linked node are merged to the output fields of the source node. For a one-to-many relationship, a parent field is created in the source data. For example, if the relationship between ConnectorA and ConnectorB in the example is one-to-one, the derived hierarchy looks like the following:
If the relationship between ConnectorA and ConnectorB in the example is one-to-many, the derived hierarchy looks like the following:
The data network we just described is simply a series of connectors, with no entry point to the network. To allow a query to be submitted on this data network, there must be a root connector. The root connector represents what type of data can be queried on this data network. The root connector is what must be specified in the FROM clause of the query.
ConnectorX is the root connector in this data network. As shown, ConnectorX must also have its own Connector element definition. To specify ConnectorX as a root connector, it must be added in the Roots section of the Connection element:
If the relationships between ConnectorX, ConnectorA, and ConnectorB are one-to-one, the derived hierarchy looks like the following:
If the relationships between ConnectorX, ConnectorA, and ConnectorB are one-to-many, the derived hierarchy looks like the following:
Using the one-to-many relationship as an example, the following query can be submitted:
Note that the ConnectorX definition does not have a FROMTABLE attribute and does not define LinkFields because it does not link from a source node. However, it is also possible to define a connector that links two nodes (such as ConnectorA or ConnectorB) as a root connector.
One can also define multiple connectors that link from the same source node, and multiple connectors that link to the same linked node. In
Using the illustrated data network, the following query selects all the output fields from all the connectors:
The following shows the derived hierarchy:
The type of ConnectorA, ConnectorC, and ConnectorD is OneToManyDataConnector; the one-to-many relationship created the corresponding parent and lower-level fields. The type of ConnectorB is OneToOneDataConnector; the one-to-one relationship added the fields into the ConnectorA (source node) parent. Note that selecting "*" in the query does not retrieve the lower-level fields. To retrieve the fields under a parent, specify the connector name as a path to the fields. For example, "select * from ConnectorX" will only select the output fields of ConnectorX. To select the fields of ConnectorX and ConnectorD, specify "select *, ConnectorA.ConnectorC.ConnectorD.* from ConnectorX".
In many cases, there are application users who would only be interested at the data in certain levels of the hierarchy. Using the preceding example, the following query returns a lower-level (ConnectorC) field based on another lower-level (ConnectorD) field:
To make it easier to access these nodes in the data network, you can add ConnectorC as a root:
This makes ConnectorC another entry point in the data network. Defining ConnectorC as a root connector pulls its data up into the root level of a hierarchy, without changing the underlying data model. The following then becomes another hierarchy that is available in the data network:
Using the new root, the following simpler query can be submitted:
An Example: Connectors for a Reaction Data Network
Defining Reactions as the root connector, the following hierarchy can be derived from the data network:
Note that because the type of RctMol and PrdMol connectors is OneToOneDataConnector, their output fields are merged to their corresponding source nodes. The output fields of Reactants and Products are only used for linking, so they are hidden and do not appear in the hierarchy. Note also that the Reactants and Products connectors both link to the RxnMols table. The use of TOTABLEALIAS in these connectors allowed multiple connectors (RctMol and PrdMol) to link from the same table.
The data network just described defines a single hierarchy. The power of a data network method becomes apparent when it allows connectors to be defined from leaf nodes back to the parent node. For example, one can create two new connectors that link the Reactants and Products nodes back to Rxn (see
Note that the two new connectors have the same name (Rxn) and look the same. The only difference is the FROMTABLE value. One links from the Reactants connector, and the other links from the Products connector.
Using the first Rxn connector (whose FROMTABLE="Rcts"), the following alternate hierarchy can be derived:
Using the other Rxn connector (whose FROMTABLE="Prds"), the following alternate hierarchy can be derived:
Querying the Data Network
A data network can be queried using unified queries—queries written in the Unified Query Language (UQL). UQL provides common syntax for searching data sources. UQL resembles SQL.
To query a data network, SELECT the fields wanted in the hierarchy, specify the root of the data network in the FROM clause, and specify the search condition in the WHERE clause. Since a data network can have multiple hierarchies, the fields used in the SELECT and WHERE clauses determine which hierarchy to use. Starting from the root specified in the FROM clause, the connectors are followed through the network to determine a path to the specified fields. In most cases, the shortest, which is found first, is the correct one. In the case where the path is ambiguous, it is possible to specify a path to the field.
To see how fields are found in a data network, consider the data network used in conjunction with the example shown in
In this example, the CTAB field is found by examining all connectors from Reactants until one is found that has the CTAB field. There are cases, however, where it is useful to be able to specify connector paths explicitly by using the PATH attribute of the OutputField element. The PATH attribute allows the specification of a particular path to be used for a single output field.
Once a data network is described, it can be queried and data retrieved through the use of the Unified Query Language (UQL). UQL is based on SQL with extensions to support hierarchical names and chemical search functions. The select list of the SQL expression determines the shape of the hierarchy that is returned, while the where clause determines what data is returned. Since a hierarchy requires a root, this is specified as the value of the from clause. In object oriented terminology, the target of the from clause is the object questions are being asked about. The where clause is the question one wants to ask, and the select list defines the information one wants returned.
In general, the algorithm preferably used to choose the set of connectors for a particular hierarchical path such as A.B.C.leaf is as follows:
1. The root parent field and its connector must be in the list of allowed roots.
2. Any parents in the path must have a name that matches the name of a connector. For a connector named "B" to be used from connector "A", the from table of "B" must match the toTable attribute of "A". In addition, all the from link fields in "B" must be found as output fields in "A".
3. If the leaf field is found in the output fields in the final parent, the search is complete. (If this field has a PATH attribute, the specified connectors are also necessary.) If the leaf field is not found, the connectors specified in the Preferred Paths element are checked to see if the leaf field can be found there. If not, an exhaustive search is done to see whether there are any one-to-one connectors that output the leaf field and that can connect to the final parent.
Some exemplary queries and their resulting hierarchies follow:
Query Translation Strategies
The IDS supports at least two different strategies for translating queries into SQL: one uses joins only and the other uses joins for 1-1 relationships and in clauses for 1-many relationships. The join strategy is the default if no strategy is specified. The strategy may be specified by including a property in the property set passed to IDBStatement.setUnifiedQuery:
Building an IDS Data Network from a Relational Data Model
Although IDS is not, in a preferred embodiment, an object-oriented database, it is useful to analyze a data model from an object perspective when building a network of IDS connectors to expose that data model.
Preferred steps in building such a network comprise the following:
1. Analyze the data model to decide what "objects" are to be exposed. Objects are typically well-defined entities that can be simply described (e.g., employee, chemical structure, batch information, etc.). They are usually embodied in one or more tables, with one containing the primary data or at least the primary key for each object. These objects often become the roots of hierarchies derived from the network.
2. Analyze the inheritance tree of these objects. Some data models make heavy use of generic descriptions differentiated by the data content. IDS allows such models to be handled by defining a low level object, which is then extended to separately identify specific object types. A typical example comes from reaction data models, where reactants, products, catalysts, etc. are all specific instances of a lower level chemical structure definition. In the IDS, a definition of this chemical structure can be easily extended to support the specific definitions of each of the components.
3. Analyze the relationships of each of these objects to each other. This analysis includes multiplicity (one-to-one, one-to-many) and reciprocal relationships (employee to manager, manager to employee).
4. Define connectors for each of these objects such that all the relevant data is exposed in a hierarchy logical for the object. Try to create each set of connectors as an independent, self-contained subnetwork. Each object should have a single root connector, which provides an entry point to the subnetwork. Other connectors link to this connector by appropriate values for the fromTable and toTable attributes and linkFields.
5. Modify the connectors for each of the subnetworks to reflect the relationships between the objects in the network. This is done by specifying fromTable and toTable attributes and link fields. If an object has relationships with more than one other object, a single root connector can be extended multiple times to reflect these relationships.
6. Optimize and tune the network by adding connectors that transform data (PivotConnector) and that integrate data from external sources (DataSourceConnector). As needed, based on performance behavior, change some connectors to use deferred retrieval.
One alternate embodiment is primarily focused on relational data. Data from non-relational sources (Hview, XML, etc.) may be integrated into the data network with some limitations.
First, the connection to the non-relational data source is to the root of its hierarchy. For example, Beilstein data can be included but only connected via the root of the Beilstein hierarchy.
Second, non-relational data must be a terminal node in the data network. This follows from the first point since connections can made to the root only. For non-relational data to function in the middle of a hierarchy, a connection from lower level data would be required.
Third, non-relational data cannot function as the root of any derived hierarchy. This follows from the second item.
Despite these limitations, integration of non-relational data is quite usable. For example, Beilstein (an information system of organic chemistry with millions of chemical data reports and reactions) could be connected under ACD (Available Chemicals Directory) software to allow transparent retrieval of Beilstein data for any ACD entry. Note also that the IDS itself can be treated as a non-relational source so that any existing IDS network can be connected to another by a single point.
Accessing the IDS
The IDS preferably is accessed like any other data source. It may be defined as a new type of data source and created as either a named, initialized instance or an unnamed instance that needs to be supplied with initialization XML.
Initialization XML
The connectors that describe a data network preferably are defined using XML that is included in the initialization XML for the IDS. The skeleton of the IDS initialization looks like this:
The ConnectionAttributes element specifies the name of a relational data source that provides the connection to the data the IDS operates on. The Roots element contains a list of Root elements, each of which specifies the name of an allowed root in the hierarchy. The Properties element allows global properties of the data source to be set.
The ConnectionAttributes Element
The ConnectionAttributes element specifies the name of a relational data source that provides the connection to the data the IDS operates on.
The Roots Element
The Roots element specifies which connectors are allowed as the root of a derived hierarchy. (One can also think of this as specifying the kinds of objects that can be retrieved.) It contains a collection of Root elements, each of which specifies a single connector. As a convenience in querying, each root connector can also specify one or more named predefined hierarchies. These hierarchies can then be referenced by their name in the FROM clause of a UQL statement. For example, in the XML above the UQL:
select * from RxnRoot where . . . .
would be expanded to:
select *,reactants.,products.* from Rxn where . . . .
Note that when a predefined hierarchy is used, * must be the only item in the select list.
It is preferred not to specify both a NAME and ID for the root element.
The Initializer Element
The Initializer element specifies the name of a Java class that implements the IIDSInitializer interface (discussed below). After all other configuration information is processed and any specified connectors are created, this class is instantiated and the interface used to retrieve additional configuration XML.
The Connectors Element
Connectors can be classified by the kind of data they connect (tables, data sources, calculations, etc.), their multiplicity (one-to-one or one-to-many), whether they retrieve data immediately or only on request, how they are linked (by field values or SQL statements), and whether they create a parent field in the resulting hierarchy. No matter what the specifics of a particular connector, they preferably all share the same basic XML structure:
The LinkField Element
The LinkField element contains a list of linking fields. Each LinkField element has two attributes that specify the names of the from and to fields.
The FilterValues Element
The FilterValues element contains a list of filtering values. Each FilterValue element must have at least a TOFIELD attribute which specifies the field in the connected data to be queried. For a single filter value, each FilterValue element also has a Value attribute. Alternatively, multiple values may be specified by multiple Value elements, each containing a single value.
The OutputField Element
The OutputFields element contains a list of OutputField elements, each of which specifies a single field to be output. As a shortcut, the SELECT_ALL attribute may be set on the OutputFields element; this will cause all fields in the connected table to be output. (This list may be edited using the REMOVED/HIDDEN attributes described below.)
The OrderByClause Element
The OrderByClauses element contains a list of OrderByClause elements, each of which specifies a single field to be used in sorting when data is retrieved using this connector as a subparent. (Sorting at the root level must be done by specifying the "order by" clause in the query.)
The Property Element
The Properties element contains a list of Property elements which affect the operation of the connector. Some properties can also be set on the data source to set a global value. (This global value is overridden by any connector specific value.)
Specifying Connectors
Connectors come in a variety of flavors. In some cases, a connection will result in multiple records that create a hierarchy. In others, fields from multiple sources are integrated into a single record. Sometimes a field is rarely retrieved so it is best to defer retrieval until a value is requested. Each of these scenarios can be handled by a specific connector. A table of preferred connectors and their basic characteristics follows:
Connector Specifics
For the examples in the following description, assume a data model that looks like this:
and a connector for Table1 that looks like this:
It is assumed that Root is an allowed root of the hierarchy and is an entry point into the data network. (This connector defines access to Table1 only.
This connector links two relational tables with a one-to-many relationship with the linked data under a parent field. Retrieval is deferred until requested. The connector definition would look like this:
The resulting metadata would look like this:
This connector links two relational tables with a one-to-one relationship with the linked data, flattened into the same level of the hierarchy as the source data. Retrieval is done at the same time data is retrieved for the source data. The connector definition would look like this:
Combining this connector with the Root and Table2Parent connectors, the resulting metadata would look like this:
This connector is identical to the OneToOneDataConnector except that the data is not retrieved until requested. The resulting metadata is identical.
This connector is identical to the OneToOneDataConnector except that it creates a parent field even though the multiplicity is one to one. This can be useful to clarify data relationships. There will be at most a single record in the recordset from the parent field. The name of the parent is the name of the connector.
This connector extends the functionality of the OneToManyDataConnector by allowing pivoting of the data transparently. If the pivoted columns are declared in the XML Pivoted Fields element, querying can be done over the pivoted structure and translated automatically by the connector. The configuration of this connector specifies all the information necessary to create the unpivoted recordset in a form identical to the OneToManyDataConnector and adds additional information under the PivotParams element which specifies how the pivot should be done. The contents of the PivotParams element is identical to that of the PivotRecordset with the addition of the Pivoted Fields element.
The contents of the Pivoted Fields element is in the standard metadata format from the XDfile. The fields must define the columns that will result from the pivoting operation. Each field specification must include a type consistent with the its pivoted data. Aliased fields are specified with the alias as the value of the NAME property and the actual column name in the NATIVENAME property.
This connector allows custom calculators to be used within a data network. It extends the OneToOneDeferredConnector so that if a calculation returns multiple values, they must be delivered in multiple fields. (Note that simple calculations can be done with UQL itself.) The actual calculation is carried out by a Java class that implements the IIDSCalculator interface (discussed below). For example,
Note that the link fields should specify any fields in the parent connector used by the calculation since this will guarantee that they are retrieved. Any fields retrieved for the calculation will not be hidden since they need to be accessible to the calculation implementation. Since no linkage is actually performed, no TOFIELD attribute is required. Each OutputField element should specify the data type returned by the calculation. Note that a single calculator implementation can return multiple values in multiple fields. The class which implements the calculator interface (IIDSCalculator) is specified in the CALCULATORCLASS property.
This connector allows hierarchies from other data sources to be included in a derived hierarchy. UQL search expressions can be used to search fields across both the external hierarchy and the IDS hierarchy. The external data source is accessed as a single, fixed hierarchy. Since the searches of these external data sources must be driven to completion, there may be performance costs for using this connector. The initialization XML for the DataSourceConnector is quite different from the others:
This glossary contains terms used in this description.
Interface IIDSCalculator
Public interface IIDSCalculator
Custom calculators need to implement this interface.
Initialize this calculator
ds—The partially initialized IDS.
xml—The parsed XML tree for this connector
true if successful. Return false if there was an error and provide additional error information in getLastError( )
public java.lang.Object
calculate(com.mdli.isentris.datasource.interfaces.IDBRecordSet rs, com.mdli.isentris.datasource.interfaces.IDBField field)
Return the result for a calculation
rs—The source recordset
field—The field for the calculation
The calculation value.
public com.mdli.isentris.util.client.IICSError getLastError( )
Return the cause of failure
an object which implements IICSError
Interface IIDSInitializer
public interface IIDSInitializer
This interface is used for custom initialization.
public java.lang.String initialize(IDBDataSource ds, com.mdli.isentris.util.XMLNode xml)
Return initialization XML for this data source
ds—The partially initialized IDS. All connectors defined within the datasource.xml file will have been created and validated.
xml—The parsed XML tree of element
Initialization XML of the form:
<Top><Roots><Root/> . . . </Roots><Connectors><Connector/> . . . </Connectors></Top>
where the element tag for "top" is ignored. Return null if there was an error and provide additional error information in getLastError( )
public com.mdli.isentris.util.client.IICSError getLastError( )
Return the cause of failure
an object which implements IICSError
Usage Scenarios
This section provides scenarios illustrating benefits of using the IDS in various embodiments.
1. A scientist can assemble any IDS query using an integrating data source. They can create a list of return data fields using the same integrating data source definition. The resulting data permits data retrieval in a variety of display formats that are independent of the data sources. The integrated data source handles query and data retrieval optimization, hides the internal complexities, and provides the underlying functionality for a user-friendly working environment. Once the IDS query is constructed, the IDS may provide feedback on query validity. The query may then be constructed for optimum performance for both query execution and data retrieval. The user may be presented with indicators that their query is properly being executed. The scientist may interrupt the query/results execution both during the query phase, and during the results retrieval phase. Ideally, search interruption is handled by Oracle. At the application level, the scientist is able to pause and continue or terminate the results retrieval phase.
The result of this capability is that a chemist interested mostly in the chemistry aspects of drug research may design his queries in a more "chemistry centric" orientation, while a biologist could design his queries in a more "biology centric" orientation. The centricity of each query/results execution would depend on two factors: the query expression, and the configuration of the IDS. The same IDS could support both chemistry and biology-centric queries. A scientist may set a preference for returning chemistry or biology-centric results, regardless of the type of query executed, and perform list operations on the resulting record sets.
2. An administrator has previously prepared, tested, and deployed an IDS for query/results retrieval of biological, chemical, and inventory information. He has created a single IDS XML configuration file for accessibility by the biologists, chemists, and inventory personnel. However, they now need to integrate these data sources into a new solution, without disrupting the current query/retrieval operations being performed independently by each group.
The administrator may add new entity hierarchies to the existing ones without being forced to copy connector XML code between the existing biological, chemical, and inventory tags. He may create biological-chemical, chemical-biological, and any other combination of entity hierarchies in any order without having to replicate existing XML code. Typical entity types include chemical, biological and inventory, but could include many others, as will be recognized by those skilled in the art.
The administrator may perform this operation by simply connecting existing entity hierarchies into their various combinations in order to provide a more diverse integrated query/result retrieval system. Then the chemists can search across the other scientific areas using the new entity hierarchies. If a chemist only executes search/results retrieval against the chemical data, the old chemical entity hierarchy will automatically be employed as it was before, and he will obtain the same root level results.
3. A user or developer opens an integrating data source and executes a search against a root hierarchy. The user then returns the resulting hits into a large document and views the data in a small window on that large document. While scrolling the original data, the user gets a bright idea about some related data, and then wishes to execute another query against a second data source, without losing the contents of the original search. They may perform a secondary root search and data display without affecting the contents of the original search. The effect is that different IDS roots may be searched independently without corrupting or resetting each other. The only time that the original contents of the search would be replaced or invalidated is when the original root is again used to execute a search.
This capability of simultaneously executing and viewing multiple searches against different IDS roots has significant advantages in application design and usability.
4. An End-User is trying to do a search for a series of reagents. The user is using a series of databases (ACD, Aldrich, and a internal stock room database). The search was a simple SSS for the base structure. The user puts a structure into a box on the form. The query is executed and the results are displayed as the first record and the total number of hits from all data sources and the number of hits in each of the databases. The user then scrolls through each record selecting which records should be ordered from the vendor.
5. An end-user searches for a structure based on a structure and criteria from a set of regulation tables. The regulation tables are lists of IDs and the type of the substance and the user's authority to order/work with the selected structure. A list of structures is returned from the query and displayed on the screen. The user selects one compound and displays the structure and all the relevant compound data. The user selects a tab that displays the Structure, ID and all the regulatory data for this structure.
6. An administrator receives a file with all the new regulated substances listed by CAS number and name. The administrator must now search on all the CAS numbers and generate a list of structures corresponding to those numbers. Then all the instances of those structures must have their primary keys registered to a cross-reference table for regulated data.
7. A biologist has just gotten an idea for a type of compound for a new receptor site. The biologist wants to search and display any historical compounds in the sample room for testing that have good ADME numbers. The biologist wants to see what tests have previously have been done on these compounds. The biology data is stored in a group of long, skinny tables. The biologist enters the substructure and ADME threshold that will provide an acceptable level to get the compound into the system. The biologist knows the test but not the databases and needs to be helped with the query, as the data is not in a searchable form natively. The search is performed and the structures and all tests previously run on the compounds will now be displayed on the screen.
8. Change hierarchies during a series of narrowing searches
Rationale: One of the criticisms with HVIEWs was the fact that each "database" had a pre-defined hierarchy. If you needed to change the root, you had to open another database, even if it was accessing the same data.
Description: Search over reactions and on the result set; narrow the search with product molecule-related criteria.
Steps: i) Open an IDS with reaction, molecule role (1:n), molecule (1:1) and molecule properties (1:n).
9. A user executes a lower level search against an IDS and gets a hierarchical recordset. The user then wishes to execute a second search against this same hierarchy by setting the search domain in the lower level where he had executed the previous search. The user may set the lower level domain to further refine the content of his subsequent searches.
He also may perform searches at any level in the IDS hierarchy and then set the current search/view domain for this or any other level in the hierarchy. The alternative to this is that the user would be forced to execute much more complex queries in order to further limit his search hits, and this would likely lead to significant performance problems.
10. A biologist views five Assays (as the root) containing results with molecule information. The recordset represents 100 molecules in all. The biologist would like to turn the results on their head and view by the Molecule as the root. He may re-execute a query and set the root to be Molecule and use the Molecule IDs from the recordset to view the previous recordset by molecule, i.e. the user gets to see 100 records and sees all the Assay Results pertaining to each structure.
11. Connectors support the use of Oracle Text and Oracle XMLDB functionality. For example, select statements such as these are supported:
This enables integration of searches into documents, reports, etc.
While the embodiments shown and described herein are fully capable of achieving the objects of the invention, it is to be understood that these embodiments are shown only for the purpose of illustration and not for the purpose of limitation, and that variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description.
The following is a complete definition of connectors to access a preferred data model. It allows molecules, casNumbers, products, packages, or catalogs to be the root of the derived hierarchy.
Pattern: One-to-one between table columns with implicit linkage and immediate retrieval
Table Structure:
Query: select cdbregno,corpid from mol
Resulting Metadata:
Query: select * from mol
Resulting Metadata:
1. The CorpID field will not be retrieved if a select all, e.g., select * from Mol, expression is used since it is not specified as an output field of the Mol connector. In order for CorpID to be retrieved in this case, it must be referenced explicitly as in select * , CorpID from Mol. This lets the query analyzer know to look for a connector that can provide the CorpID field.
2. This pattern probably will not be used very often since it requires a field to be referenced directly and then incurs the cost of immediate retrieval. This type of relationship will be more likely to use explicit linkage with or without deferred retrieval.
3. Note that if CorpID is specified in the select list, any retrieval of data from the Mol connector will include the joins and retrieval of values of CorpID table. (This is immediate retrieval.) To defer the retrieval, see the related pattern which specifies how do to deferred retrieval.
4. This pattern is useful if a field is rarely retrieved. The CTAB field is an example of this. It cannot be retrieved to the client since it cannot be converted into anything useful. It is, however, sometimes retrieved by subqueries. For example, select * from mol where sss(ctab, select ctab from Mol where cdbregno=1)=1. This pattern makes the field available for retrieval but only when explicitly referenced.
Pattern: One-to-one between table columns with explicit linkage and immediate retrieval
Table Structure:
Query: select * from mol
Resulting Metadata:
1. An explicit linkage between connectors, specified with the PATH attribute, allows the linkage to be completely hidden from the user. In this case, a select all query, e.g., select * from Mol, will retrieve CorpID since it has been specified as an output field from the Mol connector.
3. Note that any retrieval of data from the Mol connector will include the joins and retrieval of values of CorpID table. (This is immediate retrieval.) To defer the retrieval see the related pattern which specifies how do to deferred retrieval.
Pattern: One-to-one between table columns with explicit linkage and deferred retrieval
Table Structure:
Query: select * from mol
Resulting Metadata:
1. This pattern is identical to the previous one except that the OneToOneDataConnector is replaced with a OneToOneDeferredConnector. This change will cause the retrieval of the CorpID value to be deferred until it is actually requested. The retrieval requires an additional SQL statement to be executed.
2. This pattern is typically used for data which is either expensive to retrieve or whose data type is incompatible with SQL queries. (For example, BLOBS cannot be retrieved in a SQL statement which includes the distinct operator.)
3. This also illustrates that more than one field can be handled by a One-to-one connector.
Pattern: One-to-one between table column and function with explicit linkage and deferred retrieval
Table Structure:
Query: select * from mol
Resulting Metadata:
1. This pattern is identical to the previous one except that the linked data is the result of a function call
2. This pattern is used for the same reason as the previous: to defer expensive or incompatible retrievals. It also hides the complexities of function calls from the user.
3. Note that the connectors link to the same table.
Pattern: One-to-one between table columns through multiple lookup tables
Table Structure:
Query: select * from mol
Resulting Metadata:
1. This pattern is similar to the previous ones except that it shows how the explicit PATH attribute can specify a multi-connector path.
2. If there is another connector that uses the value of CorpID for linking to the Mol connector, it can specify CorpID as the FROMFIELD and the lookups will be handled transparently. This is shown in a One-to-many pattern below.
Pattern: One-to-one between table columns with parent created
Table Structure:
Query: select * from company
Resulting Metadata:
1. A pattern-child relationship is sometimes useful for logically grouping data even if the data relationship is One-to-one.
2. This same pattern can be used and the same result obtained even if the address data is in the same table as the rest of the company data. In this case, the TOTABLE attribute of the Address connector would just be the same Company table.
Pattern: One-to-one returning complex data
Table Structure:
Query: select * from root
Resulting Metadata:
1. When structured data is stored as BLOBS in an RDBMS, a wrapper class may be required to manipulate that data. This pattern provides a way of handling that situation. The when the FIELDWRAPPER attribute is specified, the IDS automatically returns the data as an instance of the specified class. See information on the FieldWrapper class for more information.
Pattern: One-to-one calculations
Table Structure:
Query: select * from root
Resulting Metadata:
Query: select *,calc_double,calc_string from root
Resulting Metadata:
1. This pattern allows external calculations to be included within a connectors output. The calculation is carried out by the specified calculator class, which must implement the IIDSCalculator interface, specified in the CALCULATORCLASS property.
2. The fields that provide the input data for the calculation should be specified as link fields in the CalculatorConnector.
3. Calculated fields are automatically marked as not searchable.
4. The calculators are defined without an explicit linkage but one could have been specified via the PATH attribute.
Pattern: One-to-many between tables
Table Structure:
Query: select *,MolNames. from Mol
Resulting Metadata:
1. This is the standard pattern used for almost all One-to-many relationships. Retrieval is always deferred.
Pattern: One-to-many between tables with filter values
Table Structure:
Query:select*,Reactants.*,Products.* from Rxn
Resulting Metadata:
1. Table aliases must be used since the same tables can be used in different joins. If aliases aren't used, queries will not provide the correct results.
2. Other components (catalysts, solvents, etc) can be split out by further extensions to the ComponentBase connector.
Pattern: One-to-many between tables with hidden lookup relationship
Table Structure:
Query: select *,Beilstein.* from mol
Resulting Metadata:
1. This pattern uses the DataSourceConnector which extends the OneToManyDataConnector to handle non-relational data sources. The usage of link fields, however, is the same.
2. ACD MDLNumbe'rs are related to Beilstein BRN's by using the CTB5 lookup table. The nature of this table requires 2 independent lookups each requiring the use of different filters. This is done via the 2 connectors and table aliases.
3. The Beilstein connector uses the Compound_ID field for linking without regard to its retrieval being deferred and requiring 2 other connectors for access. When the Beilstein parent is retrieved, the SQL necessary to retrieve the Compound_ID field will be executed then its value will be used by the Beilstein connector. These extra steps will occur transparently without being seen by either the user or the Beilstein connector.
Pattern: One-to-many between tables with pivoting of the resulting data
Table Structure:
Resulting metdata:
Query: select ProductName,properties.* from Product where Properties.name like '% foo %'
Resulting Metadata:
1. This pattern illustrates the use of the pivoting to transform data. The inclusion of the <MetaData> element provides a way to declare what the pivoted data will look like allowing queries to be executed transparently. Without a <MetaData> element, queries have to be done over non-pivoted data which is quiet user hostile. Note that the this connector can be configured on-the-fly during IDS initialization so that the contents of the <MetaData> element can be determined at run time. For details, see information on the IIDSInitializer interface.
2. The translation of property id (PropID) to property name (Name) is done by the PropIDToName connector which is invoked automatically when the Name field is not found defined by the PivotConnector itself.
3. Queries over pivoted data can be complex because each query clause translates into at least 2 different clauses executed over the non-pivoted data. Each of these expressions must use a different table alias to keep the queries from interfering with each other. The PivotConnector handles this transparently.
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
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Hamons marks 35 years
WILLARD Larry G. Hamons will celebrate 35 years of service at RR Donnelley in Willard on Monday. He was hired in 1971 as a shipper and has worked as a material handler, production line feeder, bindery helper, wrapper operator, cutter/trimmer backer operator and is currently a bindery technician III.
Hamons lives in Attica with his wife Phyllis. They have three children, Michael, Stephanie and Laura.

subset: commoncrawl


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Lest all Muslims get lumped together as terrorists (oh yeah, that already happened), it should be noted that Lassana Bathily…
I've been a fan of the fast and furious franchise from day one, but I'm also a hard film critic with a deep passion for great movies. From day one I knew the fast and furious had the right ingredients to become a worldwide phenomenon but I don't think anyone knew it would blossom into the Hollywood…Continue
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Lest all Muslims get lumped together as terrorists (oh yeah, that already happened), it should be noted that Lassana Bathily…
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Over the past few years especially recently, celebrities and entertainers have been apologizing for comments,statements,and tweets on global and national hot bed topics. Most of these high profile figures are financially secure and career stable with tens of millions in the bank but yet still feel the need to apologize for speaking out against unjust wars in Israel killing innocent women and children unjustly or against the Ebola outbreak and other hot bed issues affecting us as a people and…Continue
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Our assignment will move us from one battle to another. Adversity is inevitable our enemy observes all progress. God will mentor us in warfare. The scriptures says "He trains my hands for battle; he strengthens my arm to draw a bronze bow." Psalm 18; 34 "Praise the Lord, who is my rock. He trains my hands for war and gives my fingers skill for battle." Psalm 144:1.
A warrior only uses the weapons that never failed him. David rejects the weapons of other while fighting…Continue
Added by mmuhammad95 on July 9, 2012 at 12:59pm — No Comments
Our challenge today is to be Defiant
We denied ourselves what most people are afraid to deny and challenge: that which threatens our security. Then, after denying ourselves, we picked up a cross; not a cross that you wear in your ear or around your neck, that says you are what you may not be, but across that represents rejection; being evil spoken of; being falsely accused and brought before courts of law on unjust charges. That is a cross that Rosa Parks bore, that…Continue
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text:
HSBC "lift" by Grey London
Agency: Grey London
Rating: 5.0
campaignlive.co.uk, Friday, 12 February 2010 11:00AM
Watch the video above to find out more.
Watch the original ad 'Spin the bottle'
Video produced by Vox Pops International on behalf of Campaign.
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This article was first published on campaignlive.co.uk
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Agency: Grey London
Rating: 5.0


text:
Below is the poem entitled Farwell 2011 and Hello 2012 which was written by poet
Glans. Please feel free to comment on this poem. However, please remember, PoetrySoup is a place of encouragement and growth.
Read Poems by
Cheryl Glans
In a wink of an eye 2011 went by
Wasn't it just yesterday I gave 2010 away?
2012 is now replacing you
There is still is so much I wanted to do
Ooh well I am not in a hurry
Because if I do
Time will be very blurry
A lesson learned well
Carefully taught by 2010
Timing is everything
What, How, Where and When!!!
2011 I thank you
You made me see what is true
I am grateful
Explaining to me how to be faithful
To the teachings of life
So 2011 I say Farwell
To you my dear good friend
With all my heart
I'll cherish every moment in time we spent
2012 in a week you and me will finally meet
I am pretty sure
Our time together is going to be SWEET
2011 has been talking a lot about you
Dreaming of the things we are going to do
Can't wait to get to know you
What will you bring me?
Where will you take me?
2012 I am ready for you to show me
Everything you are supposed to be


text:
Mullie, M., P. Clarys, 2012. Nut consumption is associated with a healthy dietary pattern in military men. Food and Nutrition Sciences. 3:1048-1054.
Tulipani, S., M. Urpi-Sarda, R. Garcıá -Villalba, M. Rabassa, P. López-Uriarte, M. Bulló, O. Jáuregui, F. Tomás-Barberán, J. Salas-Salvado,́ J. Carlos Espıń, C. Andrés-Lacueva, 2012. Urolithins are the main urinary microbial-derived phenolic metabolites discriminating a moderate consumption of nuts in free-living subjects with diagnosed metabolic syndrome. J. Agric. Food Chem. doi.org/10.1021/jf301509w.
Moon, H.-S., X. Liu, J.M. Nagel, J.P. Chamberland, K.N. Diakopoulos, M.T. Brinkoetter, M. Hatziapostolou, Y. Wu, S.C. Robson, D. Iliopoulos, C.S. Mantzoros, 2012. Salutary effects of adiponectin on colon cancer: in vivo and in vitro studies in mice. Gut. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302092.
Davis, P.A., V.T. Vasu, K. Gohil, H. Kim, I.H. Khan, C.E. Cross, W. Yokoyama, 2012. A high-fat diet containing whole walnuts (Juglans regia) reduces tumour size and growth along with plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate model. British Journal of Nutrition. doi:10.1017/S0007114511007288
Robbins, W.A., L. Xun, L.Z. FitzGerald, S. Esguerra, S.M. Henning, C.L. Carpenter, 2012. Walnuts improve semen quality in men consuming a western-style diet: randomized control dietary intervention trial. Biol Reprod. doi:10.1095/biolreprod.112.101634
Dalamaga, M., K.N. Diakopoulos, C.S. Mantzoros, 2012. The role of adiponectin in cancer: A review of current evidence. Endocrine Reviews. 33(4):547-94.
Zhang, J., P.M. Kris-Etherton, J.T. Thompson, D.B. Hannon, P.J. Gillies, J.P. Vanden Heuvel, 2012. Alpha-linolenic acid increases cholesterol efflux in macrophage-derived foam cells by decreasing stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 expression: evidence for a farnesoid-X-receptor mechanism of action. J Nutr Biochem. 23(4):400-9.
Liu, J-F., Y-H. Liu, C-M. Chen, W-H. Chang, C-Y. Oliver Chen, 2012. The effect of almonds on inflammation and oxidative stress in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized crossover controlled feeding trial. Eur J Nutr. DOI 10.1007/s00394-012-0400-y
Nagel, J.M., M. Brinkoetter, F. Magkos, X. Liu, J.P. Chamberland, S. Shah, J. Zhou, G. Blackburn, C.S. Mantzoros, 2012. Dietary walnuts inhibit colorectal cancer growth in mice by suppressing angiogenesis. Nutrition. 28(1):67-75.
O'Neil, C.E., D.R. Keast, T.A. Nicklas, V.L. Fulgoni, 2012. Out-of-hand nut consumption is associated with improved nutrient intake and health risk markers in US children and adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004. Nutrition Research. 32:185-194.


text:
Calories in Corn Snack
Wondering how many calories are in Corn Snack?Manufactured by Corn Nuts
Corn Snack
Crunchy, Chorizo Chipotle
D+ Grade
130 Calories
Nutrition Facts
Serving Size 1/3 cup (28 g)
Per Serving % Daily Value*
Calories 130
Calories from Fat 40
Total Fat 4.5g 7%
Saturated Fat 0.5g 3%
Cholesterol 0mg 0%
Sodium 160mg 7%
Potassium 75mg 2%
Carbohydrates 20g 7%
Dietary Fiber 1g 4%
Sugars 1g
Protein 2g
Vitamin A 0% · Vitamin C 0%
Calcium 0% · Iron 2%
*Based on a 2000 calorie diet
Corn Snack Calories and Health Benefits
- Low in saturated fat
- No cholesterol
- Low in sugar
Get Nutritional Facts and the Health Benefits for Corn Snack
Related Foods & Categories
Related Categories
Related Recipes
(Walmart) Zesty Tomato Baked Corn Snack - Gerber Graduates Lil' Crunchies
(Walmart) Mild Cheddar Baked Corn Snack - Gerber Graduates Lil' Crunchies
(Just the Cheese) Snack - Crunchy pizza
(America's Choice) Cereal - Crunchy Corn
(El Almendro) Turron - Crunchy Almond, Snack Pack
(Deerfield Farms) Golden Snack Crackers - Crunchy
(Schwan's) Chipotle Chicken Mini Tacos - Appetizers & Snacks
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(Wheat Thins) Crunch Stix Snacks - Chipotle Pepper
(Westminster Crackers) Snack Crackers - Seasoned, Chipotle Ranch
(Boston's Gourmet Pizza) Crunchy Green Beans - with Chipotle Ranch
(Natural Directions) Organic Corn Cereal - Crunchy Coco
(Chipotle) Pinto Bean Tacos - on Corn Tortilla
Allergy Remedies
Is It Possible to Go Natural?
The side effects of allergy medications keep some people from using them. Natural remedies can be a great alternative, but some are more effective than others.
The side effects of allergy medications keep some people from using them. Natural remedies can be a great alternative, but some are more effective than others.


text:
Parents As Champions Conference 10:30am
- Family & Education
- School of Buisness, 4500 Riverwalk Parkway, Riverside, CA, 92505
Seeking: UCI International Student Ambassadors - China!
University of California, Irvine
University of California, Irvine
International Student Ambassador - CHINA
Dear International Students,
We would like to invite Chinese international students to attend an information sharing session on Friday, November 30th from 11:00 am – 12:00 noon at the Student Center (exact location to be determined). The purpose of our meeting is to share about our new initiative to select International Student Ambassadors to represent China – details are below and attached. We will also solicit feedback about student experiences of selecting, applying and accepting UCI as their school of choice to improve our services to future UCI Chinese students. Please RSVP here!
The UCI International Student Ambassador program is an elite group of students who gain valuable work experience. Student Ambassadors are current students selected on the basis of leadership, professionalism and desire to promote student events and programs to Chinese high school students and incoming Chinese freshman. The position is a unique opportunity to learn and make a meaningful impact on international student recruitment efforts. Ambassadors uphold the philosophy, mission and goals of UCI by personal example and by serving as hosts and hostesses for UCI.
Up to four (4) undergraduate student Ambassadors will be selected via a competitive application and interview process.
What you can expect from participation in the Ambassadors Program:
Minimum qualifications and requirements:
Ambassador Responsibilities:
Jeffrey Hu
Associate Director of Enrollment, China
University of California, Irvine
UCI is a world leading public research institution part of the Univeristy of California system.
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29 year old man | Beaverton, OR, USA | Seeking women 24-34 within 30 miles
Life is your oyster, just add lemon and hot sauce.
Originally a So Cal native. I now find myself in the pacific wonderland. I have been enjoying it so far. Currently on a mission to find the best burrito that Portland has to offer. If you know where, let me know. Always down for an adventure because because the sunshine will soon be gone. I am life long student of life and love being behind the camera telling someone's story. I have my gaze towards the future because the past has gone by. Traveling is essential to life and meeting people from all walks of life. Everyone has a story. Coffee is a must, especially if it Lebanese, or if it is an iced Viet coffee. Drinks are always fun but even better with a group of people that are awesome. I surround myself with great people who have a thirst for life. Even if you find yourself in the middle of the Everglades, there is always someone throwing you a rope or a crocodile waiting for you.
Alumni connections , Coffee and conversation , Business networking , Cooking , Dining out , Hobbies and crafts , Movies/Videos , Museums and art , Exploring new areas , Nightclubs/Dancing , Performing arts , Playing cards , Playing sports , Political interests , Travel/Sightseeing , Volunteering
Other types of exercise, Running, Soccer, Weights / Machines
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
I like Cats, Dogs, Horses
I have a great love for animals of shapes and sizes. Grew up with German Shepherds and definitely love them.
Middle of the Road
Anything with good iced coffee. Por Que No?, Taqueria Ochoa, Deschutes's, PDX 671, and anything that's delicious.
Love exploring some of the interesting areas of PDX and having something great to eat.
I enjoy a great cup of coffee, a great conversation, and see it where it goes from there.
"The last thing I read was Seize the Day by Dean Koontz. The book was real good and ended up scaring me a bit."
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What he is looking for
|5'10" (177cms)
|5'0" (152cms) to 5'10" (177cms)
|Body type:
|Slender, About average, Curvy, Athletic and toned
|No preference
|No preference
|I'll tell you later
|No preference
|Social Drinker
|Never, Social Drinker
|Artistic / Creative / Performance
|Artistic / Creative / Performance, Self-Employed / Entrepreneur, Student, Nonprofit / Volunteer / Activist
|I'll tell you later
|No preference
|Never Married
|Never Married
|Have kids:
|Wants kids:
|No preference
|Latino / Hispanic
|Asian, Latino / Hispanic, Native American, Pacific Islander, White / Caucasian
Not the Chalupa or Taco Bell kind of guy.
|I'll tell you later
|No preference
|English, Spanish
|English, Spanish
|Bachelors degree
|Some college, Associates degree, Bachelors degree, Graduate degree
Life is your classroom, experience is your cheat sheet.


text:
Ronald Lauder is expected to acquire complete control of an Israeli news Web site and has plans to establish a new English-language Web site about Israel.
The American businessman and philanthropist's company JCS, which operates Jerusalem Capital Studios, has finalized a deal to acquire Nana 10, Haaretz reported. Lauder currently owns 24 percent of Nana 10, which features news from Israel's Channel 10 and reportedly is the fourth most popular Hebrew language Web site in Israel.
Haaretz also reported that Lauder, who is president of the World Jewish Congress, has plans to establish, with other American Jewish businesspeople, a new Web site in English to present Israel's position to Jews around the world.
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text:
Go ahead, drink in the sight of these unusual baits and digest the unorthodox methods the pros employ to catch bass with them.
They go fishing for a living. So what do the pros do with their time off?
Every Elite Series angler gets to pick a favorite song that plays during the weigh-in. Find out which songs get your favorite anglers pumped.
During an educational and action-packed day, 130 young men and women got an up close and personal look at the world of professional bass fishing.
Don Barone's gallery of the B.A.S.S. High School Elite Experience.
Students in the Decatur area enjoy free seminars, demonstrations from Elite Series anglers.
Who's the best on the first day of Elite events? You can find out right here.
The Elite Series is full of highs and lows. Here are the highest highs and lowest lows of performance in the Elites.
Anglers gathered in Rogers, Arkansas to participate in a tournament on Beaver Lake to benefit H.O.O.K. (Helping Out Our Kids).
Big bags meant big movement on the leaderboard at the conclusion of Day Three on Lake Okeechobee.


text:
Skip to Main Content
The three articles in this special section focus on wireless technologies in factory and industrial automation. Further papers on this topic will appear in the August issue of IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics.
A not-for-profit organization, IEEE is the world's largest professional association for the advancement of technology.© Copyright 2015 IEEE - All rights reserved. Use of this web site signifies your agreement to the terms and conditions.


text:
Candlewood Suites Vicksburg
Candlewood Suites Vicksburg
At Candlewood Suites Vicksburg, we put the amenities where they really count – in your room. Our guests can cook meals in their fully equipped kitchen, relax in the overstuffed recliner while watching movies from our free movie library. Business travelers will work more efficiently utilizing the executive desk with speaker phone and free high-speed Internet.
Candlewood Suites Vicksburg is within walking distance of many local favorite restaurants. For those guests that prefer to "dine in", a fully stocked Candlewood Cupboard provides breakfast, lunch, and dinner options, as well as sodas, snacks, and ice cream.
Candlewood Suites Vicksburg provides our guests a free fitness center and a comfortable place to do laundry in our free guest laundry room. Much larger than the average hotel room and significantly more affordable than a corporate apartment, the Candlewood Suites is the perfect "home away from home" for relocation, project, temporary assignment or training needs.
Unlike a corporate apartment, the Candlewood Suites does not require a lease or minimum length of stay. Whether traveling for business or leisure, for one night or several months, Candlewood Suites is the solution to your temporary housing needs.
Quick Info
- Check In: 3:00 PM
- Check Out: 12:00 PM
- Minimum Check-In Age: 21
- Late Check Out Available
- Parking: Free
- Print Fact Sheet
- Chat With Us
- On-site Guest Self-Laundry Facilities
- Standard Wireless Internet service is free for all members
- On-site Fitness Center Available
- Outdoor Gazeebo Grill
It's hard to leave your best buddy at home when you're traveling for extended periods, so we provide a pet friendly experience. Restrictions and fees apply.
Whether you are booking suites for a family reunion or suites for your company's training needs, Candlewood Suites hotels can accomodate your group.
Workout whenever you want: Candlewood Gym always has an open door and lots of aerobic and cardio equipment to make it easier to stick to your exercise routine, no sweat.
At Candlewood Suites® hotels, we want you to experience comfort in every sense.
Getting Here
Guest Reviews
Overall Experience
No Frills and No Issues
July 02, 2015
Clean, comfortable and affordable which is a great combination for a weary traveler.
Noisy AC
June 30, 2015
The fan in the AC unit was going out. Great hotel. I was only there from about midnight till about 7 am so I just passed on the information to the front desk at checkout. Was not a huge issue and over all the facility appeared very nice. I would definitely give another shot. Front desk clerk was very helpful and friendly at check in and hotel was very clean.
Vicksburg Candlewood Suites
June 07, 2015
I have stayed many, many months at several Candlewood Suites around the country during the past several years in my former job with FEMA. This one in Vicksburg is one of the best I have found. It is fairly new, very clean, and the desk folks were very friendly and helpful. I checked in late and Gabby at the desk was especially nice and helpful. Also the morning gal at the front desk (I forgot her name) was also very good. I am an experie4nced traveler and know a good deal when i find it and this hotel is a goocd deal! Highly recommended.
Wonderful customer Service
June 04, 2015
Our stay at Candlewood was so great!! We had a funeral to attend in Tallulah, la which is right across the bridge. I needed to use my employee rate to book a room and was having trouble. So I called the GM and she was so helpful. When we arrived Jackie the front desk agent was just so pleasant she helped us with our room, plus my dad and brothers were arriving the next day and we needed a second room close to our current room. Jackie was so pleased to help us with that, as well as with our pet. She really was a pleasant person and this was so wonderful during our time of sorrow. We recommend this hotel and will definitely stay here again.. Jackie keep up the good work!!!
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School Overview
|School Membership(s)School Assoc.
|Other school association(s)
|Religious Affiliation
|Roman Catholic
|Grades Offered
|Grades Prekindergarten - 9
|Year Founded
Student Body
|Total Students
|203 students
|Student Body Type
|% Students of Color
State avg.: 29%
|Students by Grade
Academics and Faculty
|Total Classroom Teachers
|11 teachers
|Student : Teacher Ratio
National avg.: 13:1
|Average Class Size
|19 students
Finances and Admission
|Admission Deadline
|None / Rolling
|Yearly Tuition Cost
|Tuition Notes
|Parish Rate is $5,060; please visit our website for out of parish and non-Catholic rates.
|Acceptance Rate
National avg.: 85%
School Notes:
- A Catholic education
- Affordable tuition
- Scholarships available
- After School Program
Profile last updated: 07/31/2014
Nearby Schools:
- School Location Miles Students Grades
New YorkRiverside Church Week Day School
490 Riverside Dr
New York, NY 10027
(212)870-6743Daycare / Preschool (Non-sectarian)0.2 mi | 115 students | Gr. NS-K
New YorkSt. Joseph Of The Holy Family
168 Morningside Ave
New York, NY 10027
(212)662-1736(Roman Catholic)0.3 mi | 149 students | Gr. K-9
New YorkSt Hilda's & St Hugh's School
619 W 114th St
New York, NY 10025
(212)932-1980(Episcopal)0.4 mi | 379 students | Gr. PK-8
New YorkThe Cathedral School Of St John The Divine
1047 Amsterdam Ave
New York, NY 10025
(212)316-75000.5 mi | 291 students | Gr. KG-8
New YorkBank Street School For Children
610 W 112th Street
New York, NY 10025
(212)875-4433(Non-sectarian)0.5 mi | 405 students | Gr. NS-8
School Reviews
Area Statistics
Rental Market Monitor
More ArticlesElementary Issues, Pre_elementary, Opinion, Getting into Private School, Why Private School


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37 year old woman | Georgetown, KY, USA | Seeking men 29-38 within 50 miles
Reflect upon your dreams and know they are mere shadows of what God has in store for you.
I'm passionate about life and enjoy being active playing and watching all sports. I always try to see the best in things and am looking for someone that can do the same. My ideal match would be calm, patience, love the beach, and family must be important to them. My faith in Christ is important to me and I'm looking for the same with someone I date.
Camping , Coffee and conversation , Cooking , Dining out , Movies/Videos , Museums and art , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Performing arts , Playing cards , Playing sports , Religion/Spiritual , Travel/Sightseeing , Volunteering , Watching sports
Aerobics, Baseball, Basketball, Bowling, Dancing, Football, Golf, Skiing, Soccer, Swimming, Tennis / Racquet sports, VolleyBall, Walking / Hiking, Weights / Machines, Yoga
I exercise 1-2 times per week.
I don't believe in astrology
I like Cats, Dogs, Horses
Outer Banks, beaches in general, movie theaters, ball parks, basketball gyms, football arenas, mountainous regions for hiking and camping
I love to watch or play sports. I played college basketball, high school soccer and softball and recently picked up golf. I have a quiet side that loves to write or be creative. I enjoy cooking. I love watching movies or plays.
I enjoy watching movies, playing sports, writing, watching TV, and reading books.
Several mystery novels by James Patterson and Iris Johanson. I'm not always the biggest reader because I do some much of that inside my job, but when I get into it or really like a series or author, I find it very relaxing.
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What she is looking for
|5'7" (170cms)
|5'7" (170cms) to 6'5" (195cms)
|Body type:
|Athletic and toned
|About average, Athletic and toned, A few extra pounds, Stocky
|No preference
|Light brown
|No preference
|No Way
|No Way
|Social Drinker
|Never, Social Drinker
|I'll tell you later
|No preference
|I'll tell you later
|$25,001 to $35,000, $35,001 to $50,000, $50,001 to $75,000, $75,001 to $100,000, $100,001 to $150,000, $150,001+
|Never Married
|Never Married, Divorced
|Have kids:
|No preference
|Wants kids:
|Definitely, Someday
|White / Caucasian
|Latino / Hispanic, White / Caucasian, Other
|Christian / Protestant
|Christian / Protestant, Christian / Other
|Bachelors degree
|Associates degree, Bachelors degree, Graduate degree, PhD / Post Doctoral


text:
Using Census Bureau data, Cutler found the incidence of coverage gaps has been rising over time. The percentage of people who lost coverage in a 12-month period rose to 21.8 percent in the 2001 to 2004 time period from 19.8 percent in the earlier span.
People with the lowest educational level -- no high school diploma or equivalency (GED) -- appear to be especially vulnerable. Their likelihood of losing health insurance rose to 40.3 percent in the 2001 to 2004 period, an increase of 8.3 percentage points from the earlier period. In the latter period, only 10.2 percent of people with at least a college degree were likely to lose coverage, an increase of 0.3 percentage points from the earlier years.
Among people in fair or poor health, the probability of losing coverage rose 11.2 percentage points between the two survey periods, to 30.5 percent. That compares with an increase of just 3.3 percentage points, to 17.7 percent, among those who said they were in excellent, very good or good health.
However, uninsured periods grew shorter. The percentage of people who were uninsured for two or more years, for example, declined to 20.3 percent in the latter period, a 5.9 percentage-point improvement. Cutler noted that the shorter uninsured periods are not surprising given the enormous increase in Medicaid coverage that has occurred over time.
Chances of being uninsured and landing private insurance within two years dropped 6 percentage points between the two survey periods.
Cutler said that policymakers need to act now to ensure that coverage is expanded to everyone and that people who lose insurance don't have to rely on a patchwork of public programs. He predicted serious problems ahead if more people lose employer-based coverage.
"The fallout woul
|Copyright©2009 ScoutNews,LLC.
All rights reserved


text:
The "Father of Stress" Meets "Big Tobacco": Hans Selye and the Tobacco Industry.
Petticrew, MP; Lee, K; (2011) The "Father of Stress" Meets "Big Tobacco": Hans Selye and the Tobacco Industry. American journal of public health, 101 (3). pp. 411-8. ISSN 0090-0036 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.177634
- Published Version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives.
Download (1009Kb) | Preview
: The concept of stress remains prominent in public health and owes much to the work of Hans Selye (1907-1982), the "father of stress." One of his main allies in this work has never been discussed as such: the tobacco industry. After an analysis of tobacco industry documents, we found that Selye received extensive tobacco industry funding and that his research on stress and health was used in litigation to defend the industry's interests and argue against a causal role for smoking in coronary heart disease and cancer. These findings have implications for assessing the scientific integrity of certain areas of stress research and for understanding corporate influences on public health research, including research on the social determinants of health.<br/>
|Item Type:
|Faculty and Department:
|Faculty of Public Health and Policy > Dept of Global Health and Development
Faculty of Public Health and Policy > Dept of Social and Environmental Health Research
|Research Centre:
|Centre for Global Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs)
|PubMed ID:
|Web of Science ID:
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realmagick.com The shrine of knowledge.
California Speed
A selection of articles related to california speed.
Original articles from our library related to the California Speed. See Table of Contents for further available material (downloadable resources) on California Speed.
- A Treatise on Astral Projection, Part 4: More Rope Techniques
- ROPE is a very effective projection technique, but it still has to be learned to be effective. I would like to elaborate on a couple of points about the technique, inspired by the feedback I have received so far. There is NO visualization required - AT ALL -...
Parapsychology >> Astral Projection
- Psychic Protection - Barriers
- Introduction: The countermeasures given in these short articles are extremely basic. They only contain the bare bones of what is necessary to use them. To understand the principles behind these countermeasures, please get a copy of 'Practical Psychic Self-Defe...
Psychic Abilities >> Psychic Protection
- Grimassi, Raven
- Raven Grimassi is the author of several books on Wicca and Witchcraft, including The Wiccan Mysteries, which was awarded Book of the Year and First Place-Spirituality Book by the Coalition of Visionary Retailers in 1998. Raven Grimassi was born in 1951 to an...
Real Interviews >> Authors
- Mabon, The Witch's Thanksgiving
- To Autumn O Autumn. Laden with fruit, and stained With the blood of the grape, pass not, but sit Beneath my shady roof, there thou may'st rest, And tune thy jolly voice to my fresh pipe; And all the daughters of the year shall dance, Sing now the lusty song...
Holidays >> Mabon
- Hyperspace Reality
- Despite the fact that the 'new' physics, a godchild of the Einsteinian revolution has taught us that the Universe we perceive is a mere shadow of a vastly more unpredictable one, most of us still view the world in a distinctly materialistic way. A world where...
Modern Science >> New Physics
- Dynamics & Bioenergetics Of OBE Sex
- Once the exit out-of-body has been mastered and projectors begin tentatively exploring their new environment, another natural barrier will soon raise its ugly head. As projectors begin expanding their horizons they will soon begin encountering other...
Astral Projection >> Out of Body Experiences
California Speed is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, California Speed books and related discussion.
Suggested Pdf Resources
- REALISTIC SPEED I ZONING - California Department of
- www.dot.ca.gov
- - 21 - SPEED LAWS V JURISDICTION: CALIFORNIA This chapter
- CALIFORNIA. This chapter summarizes California State statutes related to speed. General Reference: West's Annotated California Codes.
- www.nhtsa.gov
- 10 Annual California Festival of Speed • 2011
- Annual California Festival of Speed • 2011.
- zone8.pca.org
- The Financial Risks of California's Proposed High-Speed Rail Project
- California High-Speed Rail (CHSR) would not cost the taxpayer a penny. While our findings focus only on the California High-Speed Rail.
- www.cc-hsr.org
- BAIL SCHEDULE for INFRACTIONS and MISDEMEANORS
- www.lasuperiorcourt.org
Suggested News Resources
- 28, 2010, and none at all in the first seven rounds of the California Speed Jams season.
- Championship Fights will Make Racing More Intense Down the Homestretch of the
- It's hard to imagine the racing at Orange Show Speedway being more intense than it has all year, but that will be the case when the California Speed Jams stock car series resumes Saturday (August 27) at the historic, ASA-sanctioned quarter-mile oval.
- Feel like part of the team
- But a California Speed console was in normal working order, so I sat down and raced through the streets of San Francisco, placing a disappointing fifth.
- Peace gets a big bonus for winning three times Saturday night at Orange Show
- When the next round of the California Speed Jams season is held Aug. 27, a car will be given away. A couple of local drivers were involved in last Saturday's competition.
Suggested Web Resources
- Speed (card game) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- en.wikipedia.org
- California Speed (video game) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- en.wikipedia.org
- California Speed - Gameplay Footage - YouTube
- Mar 28, 2008 Fun Racer game with crazy tracks. Great emulation with few audio stuttering/lags.
- www.youtube.com
- California Speed, California Speed Nintendo 64 - GameSpot.com
- If you worship the looks and gameplay style of Midway's Rush series, this game just makes the grade.
- www.gamespot.com
- California Speed - N64 - IGN
- ign64.ign.com
Great care has been taken to prepare the information on this page. Elements of the content come from factual and lexical knowledge databases, realmagick.com library and third-party sources. We appreciate your suggestions and comments on further improvements of the site.
California Speed Topics
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© 2000 - 2015 Realmagick.com, All Rights Reserved.


text:
Play that Funky Music White Boy and Achy Breaky Heart top my list.
Achy Breaky Heart has to be #1 on the annoyance scale.
Not a big fan of Nelson's work, either.
'When I'm not longer rapping, I want to open up an ice cream parlor and call myself Scoop Dogg.'
-Snoop on his retirement
Your Mom is happy.
Close, but the actual #1 on the annoyance scale is Who Let the Dogs OutOriginally Posted by Red Leader
Sisqo's masterpiece, The Thong Song, also ranks pretty high.
Last edited by Stewie; 07-18-2005 at 11:07 AM.
Any rap song would be on my list. I guess I'm just too old to get that type of music.
Anything by Nirvana. I always said they would have no legacy.
Tough one.
I'll go with every song by the Spice Girls
Go Gators!
How about any of the Aerosmith 90's "hits"? Pink, Love in an Elevator, just awful. Or maybe Rico Suave by Gerardo, who would have thought he would be a 1-hit wonder?
More often than not, when someone is telling me a story all I can think about is that I can't wait for them to finish so that I can tell my own story that's not only better, but also more directly involves me.
I didn't go for that multi-cultural rap movement like Mentirosa by Mellow Man Ace
'When I'm not longer rapping, I want to open up an ice cream parlor and call myself Scoop Dogg.'
-Snoop on his retirement
Your Mom is happy.
Who Let the Dogs Out
"I'm too sexy" by Right Said Fred
Thanks much. Please turn off the lights on your way out...
"Booing on opening day is like telling grandma her house smells like old lady."--WOY
"I'm Too Sexy" is one of the rare songs that aims to be funny and succeeds. Great tune. A zillion times better than the overproduced, overwrought teen pop that proliferated in the latter portion of the decade.
Raisel Ghul, the Demon's Head
Make that a thing.
Allllright!Originally Posted by ochre
Go Gators!
Whoa! Red Leader pulling one out of the vaults!I didn't go for that multi-cultural rap movement like Mentirosa by Mellow Man Ace
"Today you tell me one thing, y manana otra cosa"
As for worst song of the 90's, I'll vote for "Hit Me Baby One More Time," because it gave birth to the new wave of pre-teen tart-pop.
"I prefer books and movies where the conflict isn't of the extreme cannibal apocalypse variety I guess." Redsfaithful
Hmm...seems like we're forgetting one...
And this one belongs to the Reds
Board Moderators may, at their discretion and judgment, delete and/or edit any messages that violate any of the following guidelines: 1. Explicit references to alleged illegal or unlawful acts. 2. Graphic sexual descriptions. 3. Racial or ethnic slurs. 4. Use of edgy language (including masked profanity). 5. Direct personal attacks, flames, fights, trolling, baiting, name-calling, general nuisance, excessive player criticism or anything along those lines. 6. Posting spam. 7. Each person may have only one user account. It is fine to be critical here - that's what this board is for. But let's not beat a subject or a player to death, please.


text:
From the beach I returned to the roadway and began to walk the kilometre or so to the boat launch area. I was surprised to discover that the park now featured some walk-in sites along this section. These campsites require you to walk in a short distance from where your car is parked on the road - to your site which is typically surrounded by trees and next to the water. If you want privacy - these sites certainly offer that - and provide a much more authentic camping experience as well. They are by far my favourite sites to book when tenting.
Here is the Windy Lake boat launch area. AKA - the "rock launch" area. In the distance you can see the embankment of the CPR rail tracks.
From here I made my way to the old beach. I wonder if it looked as spectacular as I remembered it on those early evenings many years ago. Judging by the overcast sky - I had my doubts.
See Part X - to find out.


text:
Former Connecticut Governor John Rowland says he's stepping down from his Hartford area radio talk show.
This comes after former Republican Congressional Candidate Lisa-Wilson Foley and her husband pleaded guilty to federal campaign financing violations in a conspiracy that allegedly involved Rowland.
This is the official web site of the WSHU Public Radio Group. Some links from these pages are not maintained by WSHU and are subject to change without notice. This Web site and its contents are © 2013 by WSHU, Fairfield, CT, and the respective copyright holders.