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Domaine Marc Morey & Fils Chassagne-Montrachet 1er Cru Les Blanchots Dessous 2005
Domaine Marc Morey & Fils - Burgundy - France - Cote De Beaune - Chassagne Montrachet
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Additional Information on Domaine Marc Morey & Fils Chassagne-Montrachet 1er Cru Les Blanchots Dessous 2005
Domaine Marc Morey & Fils
Varietal: Chardonnay
For most people, the Chardonnay grape varietal is one of the quintessential white wine grapes. It isn't difficult to understand why; Chardonnay may well have started off in regions of France (where it is still used widely today in both single variety white wines as well as sparkling Champagne wines) but it is now grown in every wine producing country in the world. Indeed, it was the New World that took Chardonnay to some exciting new extremes – this relatively neutral grape has the fantastic ability to carry much of its terroir in the bottle, resulting in a fascinating range of flavors and styles. Furthermore, Chardonnay is one of the few white wine grapes which is well suited to aging, as can be seen in some of the excellent produce consistently coming out of Burgundy, and elsewhere in the world. With everything from buttery, creamy characteristics to vibrant tropical fruit notes, Chardonnay will never cease to surprise and impress.
Region: Burgundy
In the beautiful French wine region of Burgundy, there is archaeological evidence to suggest that there has been viticultural activity going on for at least two thousand years. To add to this, there are early written records praising the exceptional wines produced in this region dating back to the 6th century, making Burgundy one of the oldest established and still operational wine regions in the world. The region is most commonly associated with fine red wines, with Pinot Noir being the primary grape varietal grown on its rolling hillsides and gently sloping valleys. However, Chardonnay grapes are also produced in abundance for the production of their fine white wines, with both varietals benefiting greatly from the region's warm, hot summers and the superb soils which make up the terroir.
Country: France
French winemakers are subjected to several laws and regulations regarding the wines they produce, and how they can be labeled and sold. Such procedures are designed to increase the overall quality of the country's produce, and also to ensure that wines made in each particular region or appellation are of a character and type which is representative of the area. Thankfully for consumers of wine world-wide, the French have a particularly high reputation to uphold, and seem to do so flawlessly. Every year, wineries from all over France produce millions upon millions of bottles of fine wine, making the most of their native grape varieties and the excellent terrain which covers most of the country. From the expensive and exquisite red wines of Bordeaux and Burgundy, to the white wines and cremants of central France, the French are dedicated to providing the world with wines of the highest quality and most distinctive character.
Appellation: Cote De Beaune
France's beautiful and highly esteemed sub-region of Cote De Beaune is rightly regarded as the home to many of the world's finest, most complex and fascinating white wines. The white wine industry of Cote De Beaune is based almost solely around the Chardonnay grape, which flourishes especially well in the fine climatic conditions the region receives, and ripens well due to the mineral rich soils which typify the area. Chardonnay is renowned for its ability to express the best points of its terroir, and local winemakers claim that a mixture of traditional techniques and the stunning soils they work with is the secret to their success. There is also a huge red wine industry in Cote De Beaune, which, although not quite as famous as the white wines that leave the region, produces remarkable results from the excellent Pinot Noir grapes which grow there.
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TV Info
Episode PremiereMay 05, 2010
GenreCrime, Drama, Mystery
Show Period2005 - now
Production CompanyTouchstone, CBS, Paramount TV, Mark Gordon Co.
Cast and Crew
DirectorRosemary Rodriguez
ScreenwriterEdward Allen Bernero
Main Cast
- A.J. Cook as Jennifer 'JJ' Jareau
- Joe Mantegna as David Rossi
- Thomas Gibson as Aaron 'Hotch' Hotchner
- Shemar Moore as Derek Morgan
- Matthew Gray Gubler as Dr. Spencer Reid
- Kirsten Vangsness as Penelope Garcia
- Jeanne Tripplehorn as Alex Blake
- Paget Brewster as Emily Prentiss
- Erica Messer
Additional Cast
- Greg Jennings
- Dean Norris
- Jolene Andersen
- Holland Roden
- Kimberly Van Luin
- Dana Lyn Baron
- Tina Lifford
- John Thaddeus
- Fred Cross
- David Stranbra
- Jason M. Roberts
- J.F. Pryor
- Reginald Mayo
In a warehouse filled with photos and clippings of missing women, the serial killer who abducted and murdered these women takes his own life. Our team arrives on scene and sees that the killer's body is covered in tattoos. Every tattoo corresponds to the photos of the missing women, except one, Rebecca Daniels who vanished three weeks ago. The team profiles the dead serial killer in the hopes that Rebecca is still alive.

subset: commoncrawl


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I've tried calling
modalSession=[NSApp beginModalSessionForWindow:conversionWindow];
[NSApp runModalForWindow:conversionWindow];
in order to get a modal conversionWindow that prevents the user to interact with the rest of the application, but this also seems to block code execution. What I mean is that the code that comes after the code shown above isn't executed at all. How can I fix this? I'm sure this is possible because many applications show some progress while performing some big task, like video conversion etc...


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In Photoshop CS6 Essential Training, Julieanne Kost demonstrates how to produce high-quality images in a short amount of time, using a combination of Adobe Photoshop CS6, Bridge, and Camera Raw.
The course details the Photoshop features and creative options, and shows efficient ways to perform common editing tasks, including noise reduction, shadow and highlight detail recovery, retouching, and combining multiple images. Along the way, the course explores techniques for nondestructive editing and compositing using layers, blending modes, layer masks, and much more.
When you're trying to make the smallest image to send to someone, instead of using the File>Save As command, try using the Save for Web command. In the Save for Web command, you can see the original image, or the Optimized image. The Optimized image is what the file will look like, when all of these options have been applied to it. We can also look at a 2-Up view, where we can see both the original, as well as the optimized version next to each other. Now since this is a photograph, I'm going to change from GIF down to JPEG.
There's always a trade-off between the amount of compression and the quality of the image. If I choose a Low setting for my compression quality, you can see that the image starts breaking apart and we can no longer see the detail. Of course this also makes the file size much smaller. We're down at 34.26K. But the quality isn't acceptable. If I go to the Maximum compression setting then the quality looks excellent. Then I'm up to 500K, a significantly larger file size.
So I want to set my Quality down as low as possible, but still have an acceptable image. Here at Very High it looks good. And even at High it still looks good. So I'll leave it at High, which is a Quality of 60. If I had transparency in my original image, I could choose a Matte color in order to flatten that transparency. I can choose to Convert my image to sRGB. Include Metadata, such as my Copyright and Contact Information, and I can even Resize my image if it's too large.
Let's take the Width down to 800 pixels. They're linked, so that the Height will change as well and I'm going to change my Quality setting to Bicubic Sharper, because I'm sizing my image down. When I tap the Tab Key, the Save for Web dialog box recalculates, and now you can see that my file is much smaller, because I've resized my image down. If I want to know how long it's going to take to download this, I can use the fly-out menu here in order to get an estimate.
If needed I can also optimize to a specific file size by using this fly-out, and choosing Optimize to File Size. So if for example, I had to keep the File Size under 50K, I could click OK and the Save for Web would then change my Quality setting down to 48, to make sure that my file size was less than 50. When I'm finished optimizing my image, and I click Save, I can save this file. In this case, I'll save it to the Desktop and then click Save.
The important thing to notice is when you choose File>Save for Web, Photoshop will save a copy of that file. But you're left with your original file that you can work with in Photoshop. So when you're trying to make the smallest file possible, be sure to use Photoshop's File>Save for Web command.
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A monitoring system monitors an expert system application while such application executes for a period of time. The monitoring system records selected performance data relative to the operating efficiency of the expert system, and writes such data into a database for later use. After a test run of the expert system is completed, the monitoring system can select a small number of candidate rules for revision by a user, and display data to the user which allows the user to determine what types of changes need to be made to the candidate rules and to the working memory data organization.
1. A system for monitoring the performance of a rule-base application having rules and a working memory containing elements, each rule therein having a left-hand-side and a right-hand-side, comprising:
a timer for accumulating match time caused by executing rule right-hand-sides;
a first counter for counting working memory operations performed for each class of elements in the working memory;
a second counter for counting the number of times each condition test is performed, and separately counting the number of times each condition test is successful;
a third counter for counting the number of working memory element combinations which satisfy a pattern each time that pattern is matched; and
means for storing information generated by said counters and said timer into a database.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a second timer for accumulating execution time of the rule right-hand-sides.
3. The system of claim 1, further comprising means for generating reports indicative of the information stored in the database.
4. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
means for selecting suspect rules for examination; and
means for displaying information extracted from the database concerning the suspect rules.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein said selecting means comprises:
a comparator for determining a culprit rule whose right-hand-side, upon execution, caused a relatively large amount of time to be spent in a matching cycles;
a first selector for selecting working memory classes affected by execution of the culprit rule right-hand-side; and
a second selector for selecting all rules having left-hand-sides affected by changes in the selected working memory classes, such selected rules defining the suspect rules.
6. A method for providing information on causes of performance inefficiences of a rule-based expert system, comprising the steps of:
accessing performance data about the expert system generated during operation of the expert system;
processing the accessed performance data to determine a culprit rule which caused a relatively large amount of time to be consumed in matching cycles as a result of executing its right-hand-side;
selecting working memory classes affected by execution of the culprit right-hand-side; and
selecting as suspect rules all rules having left-hand-sides affected by changes in the selected working memory classes; and displaying performance data for the suspect rules.
7. A method for monitoring the performance of a rule-based application, comprising the steps of:
accumulating match times caused by executing rule right-hand-sides;
counting working memory operations performed for each class of elements in a working memory;
counting how often each condition test in a rule left-hand-side is performed;
counting how often each condition test is successfully performed;
counting how many working memory elements satisfy a pattern in a rule left-hand-side when such pattern is matched; and
storing information generated by such accumulating and counting steps into a database.
8. The method of claim 6, further comprising the step of accumulating execution times for rule right-hand-sides.
9. The method of claim 6, further comprising the steps of:
accessing the database;
selecting a set of suspect rules; and
displaying performance data for the suspect rules.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein said selecting step comprises the steps of:
processing the accessed performance data to determine a culprit rule which caused a relatively large amount of time to be consumed in matching cycles as a result of executing its right-hand-side;
selecting working memory classes affected by execution of the culprit right-hand-side; and
selecting as suspect rules all rules having left-hand-sides affected by changes in the selected working memory classes.
1. Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to computer systems, and more specifically to performance monitoring and enhancement tools for use with rule based expert systems.
2. Background Art
Expert systems are computer programs, often run on general purpose computers, which attempt to capture the knowledge of experts in a field. This captured knowledge can then be used by non-experts who, by entering observable data, are able to receive one or more hypotheses as to the cause of abnormal observations or to receive advice in complex decisions. Expert systems typically incorporate data, including facts and relationships, and rules. The databases used by expert systems are often referred to as knowledge bases.
When executing, expert systems use large amounts of CPU resources. Integrating expert system technology into mainstream data processing environments requires significant effort in performance tuning in order to compete on a performance basis with more conventional procedural approaches using third generation programming languages.
The most popular type of expert systems are referred to as production systems. Users write rules consisting of a left-hand-side (LHS) and a right-hand-side (RHS). When the LHS conditions of a rule are met, that rule is fired and the RHS is executed. The RHS changes the state of a working memory which contains all the elements of facts and data used by the expert system. After a rule is fired, the LHS of the rules must again be matched with the new state of working memory.
FIG. 1 shows a high level block diagram of a production system 10. The production system 10 includes a set of rules 12, each having a left-hand-side 14 and a right-hand-side 16. The production system 10 also includes a working memory 18 which contains the facts "known" by the production system 10. A rule interpreter 20, also referred to as an inference engine, matches rule left-hand-sides 14 with working memory 18, and executes right-hand-sides 16.
The rule interpreter 20 operates in an endless loop known as a recognize-act cycle. The recognize-act cycle is shown in FIG. 2. The rule interpreter first performs a match of all rule left-hand-sides with working memory 22. More than one rule may generate a match each against its own set of relevant facts, but only one rule at a time may be fired to handle one of the facts. The rule interpreter 20 selects the rule to be fired, and the fact, using conflict resolution. Conflict resolution algorithms typically select the highest priority rule and the most current fact for firing. Once one of the rules is selected, the corresponding right-hand-side is executed 26, causing a change in working memory. The cycle then repeats, with all of the rule left-hand-sides again being matched to the updated working memory 22.
The art of writing efficient rules programs has not yet been fully developed. General guidelines for efficient rule construction can be found in RULE-BASED PROGRAMMING WITH OPS5, by Thomas Cooper and Nancy Wogrin, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc., San Mateo, Calif., 1988, and PROGRAMMING EXPERT SYSTEMS IN OPS5, Lee Brownston et al, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company Inc., Reading, Mass., 1985. Other than these two references, there are no sources of expertise available to expert system builders regarding performance tuning of their programs.
The guidelines in the references cited above are rules-of-thumb which are to be applied by the expert systems programmer based on his experience. These rules of thumb are based on a knowledge of the method in which the rule interpreter works. Rule interpreters in available production systems are optimized for efficiency, so that, in general, when a rule RHS is fired, only those LHS's which are directly affected by the changes to working memory are matched on the following match cycle. The rule interpreters limit matching by use of the Rete algorithm, which involves the creation of numerous data structures to store results of matches so that they need not be made again if the relevant working memory elements have not changed. When one or more working memory elements change, the Rete data structure is examined by the rule interpreter to determine which portions of which rules are affected, and performs a match only on those rules.
Because of the nature of the Rete algorithm, large inefficiencies can sometimes be caused in a rules program by small portions of rule left-hand-sides due to the interactions between rules and between rules and data. This is due to large numbers of relevant working memory elements being screened or compared with each other in various combinations. The screening is done by intraelement tests and the comparison by interelement tests. The test specifications are referred to as patterns. The manner in which rules and working memory are structured can make a dramatic difference in the time needed to perform pattern matching.
The rules-of-thumb used by expert system programmers to improve efficiency of a program are general in nature, and not always easily applied. Typical examples of such guidelines are: avoid conditions that match many working memory elements; avoid large cross-products between conditions; avoid frequent changes to matched conditions; make matching individual condition elements faster; and limit the size of the conflict set. Typical solutions for some of these problems include reordering conditions on the left-hand-side so that more restrictive ones occur first and conditions that match frequently changing working memory elements occur last. Expert system programmers must often make intuitive guesses as to where changes should be made, since adequate tools for monitoring and evaluating the performance of rule based expert systems do not currently exist.
Expert system performance is extremely data sensitive. It is rarely possible to evaluate the efficiency of a rules program simply by examining the rules themselves. When a rule is fired, many other rules are involved depending on the current state of the system, the amount of data in working memory, and the firing history of previous rules. The work that needs to be done in pattern matching is not easily predictable in advance. Therefore, there is no universal rule for writing efficient rules in expert system applications.
The benefit of rules programming lies in moving most of the data processing into the LHS, which is compact and declarative. In other words, rule LHS's specify properties of the data without specifying the mechanics of evaluation. Writing rule based applications is simple relative to procedural language approaches, but non-optimized programs can sometimes be very inefficient. Therefore, the cost of optimizing, or tuning, a rules based program must be balanced with the productivity gain of writing a rules program for a complex application. An effective tuning facility that economizes the tuning effort is essential.
It would therefore be desirable to provide a system for collecting data useful to help pinpoint which rules cause the greatest inefficiency during execution of a rules program. It would also be desirable for such a system to assist a user in analyzing his application performance and pinpointing the causes of inefficiencies.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a system for monitoring those parts of a rule based expert system which provide data useful in determining program execution inefficiencies.
It is another object of the present invention to provide such a system which represents usable data in a comprehensible format to a user interested in making performance enhancements to an application.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide such a system which will automatically select inefficient portions of an expert system application, and present a selected few candidates to the user for making performance related changes to the application.
Therefore, according to the present invention, a monitoring system monitors an expert system application while such application executes for a period of time. The monitoring system records selected performance data relative to the operating efficiency of the expert system, and writes such data into a database for later use. After a test run of the expert system is completed, the monitoring system can select a small number of candidate rules for revision by a user, and display data to the user which allows the user to determine what types of changes need to be made to the candidate rules.
The novel features believed characteristic of the invention are set forth in the appended claims. The invention itself however, as well as a preferred mode of use, and further objects and advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a production system;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating the recognize-act cycle;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the tuning process as applied to an expert system;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a monitoring system illustrating the data collected during execution of an expert system program;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating the use of collected data by an analyzer;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating cause and effect relationships between different portions of an executing expert system; and
FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating operation of the analyzer of FIG. 5.
The monitoring system described herein is appropriate for use with a rule interpreter 20 which uses the Rete matching algorithm. Examples of production system for which this invention would be suitable include OPS5, available from Digital Equipment Corp., and Knowledge Tool, available from International Business Machines.
Referring to FIG. 3, a procedure used for tuning the performance of an expert system application is shown. First, the expert system application is executed 30, and its performance monitored 32 as will be described in more detail below. A user interested in the performance of the application determines whether the performance is satisfactory 34. If so, the procedure is complete. If not, the performance data taken during step 32 is analyzed 36, and one or more rules in the application are modified 38. Step 38 may also include modification of how facts and data are organized in order to change it to a representation which is more efficient with the application being examined. Once the modifications have been made, the application is again executed and the procedure repeats.
Referring to FIG. 4, a monitor program 40 executes during execution of the production system 10, and generates various types of data 42-54 for storage in a database. This data will be retrieved at a later time as described below for use in analyzing performance inefficiencies of the production system 10.
Techniques for actually monitoring performance of an executing program are known in the art. These techniques can easily be adapted to form the monitor 40 once the information to be monitored has been determined. In performance monitoring systems, selection of the data to be monitored is generally considered to be a more important and creative task than writing the computer code which actually performs the monitoring.
The first set of data 42 to be collected by the monitor 40 is the pattern matching time. This time is preferably defined to be the time consumed by the rule interpreter 20 in performing the left-hand-side match 22 and conflict resolution 24 steps which occur after an RHS firing. The pattern matching time data 42 is kept on a cumulative, individual basis for each rule. Thus, at the end of a run of the expert system, the collected data set 42 contains, for each rule RHS, the total amount of time spent pattern matching and resolving conflicts as a result of changes made to working memory when that RHS fired.
The second collected data set 44 contains a cumulative count of all working memory operations caused by RHS execution. Such count is preferably kept separately for each class of element in working memory, and is kept on a cycle by cycle basis. Allocations, deletes, and updates of working memory elements are tabulated separately. Thus, at the end of a test run, the collected data set 44 contains, for each recognize-act cycle, an entry for each class affected by the previously fired RHS. Each entry contains a tabulation of the total number of allocations, deletes, and updates performed to members of that class during that cycle.
The third data set 46 collected by the monitor 40 is a count of the number of times each condition test on a rule LHS was logically required to be performed. For every condition test which must be performed as a result of an RHS firing, a counter for that rule is incremented. At the end of a test run, each condition test has a counter which indicates the total number of times that it was performed.
The monitor 40 also collects a count of successful condition tests 48. A second counter is provided for each condition test, and this counter is incremented for some condition test only when that condition test is successful.
The next data set 50 collected by the monitor 40 is a count of the number of pattern match satisfactions. Each pattern is kept track of separately. The count of match satisfactions is a count of the number of working memory element combinations which satisfy that pattern, and is obtained from scanning the Rete data structure. Preferably, only the maximum number of satisfactions ever encountered for the pattern is retained. Therefore, each time a pattern is matched, the number of working memory element combinations which satisfy that pattern is obtained from the Rete data structure and compared with the previous maximum value for that pattern. Only the higher value is retained.
The next data set 52 collected by the monitor 40 is the execution time of rule RHSs. This is a cumulative total kept for each rule, so that at the end of a run the total amount of time actually spent executing the right-hand-side of a rule is available for each rule.
The last data set 54 collected by the monitor 40 contains an entry for each recognize-act cycle performed by the expert system. Each entry contains the total match time for that cycle, preferably including the conflict resolution time as described above. The conflict set size and the identity of which rule fired to initiate that cycle are included in each entry. The conflict set size is a count of the relevant working memory element combinations associated with all the rules that are eligible for firing. Also included are the number of interelement condition tests and intraelement condition tests performed during that cycle. This information accounts for the tests actually performed, whereas the counts collected in data sets 46 and 48 account for the tests logically required for each pattern. The actual test counts are lower because any condition test that is common across different rules is performed only once but the result is shared. The difference indicates the extent to which the sharing is utilized.
The data collected by the monitor 40 is written into a database for later use. Preferably, each data set retains its identity in the database. The format for storage in the database is not important. For ease of use, the collected information can be stored in text files having the same format as the reports described in connection with FIG. 5.
Referring to FIG. 5, an analyzer 60 is connected to a user interface 62. The analyzer 60 is preferably a program which runs on a general purpose computer system, and accesses the database created by the monitor 40 as described in connection with FIG. 4. The analyzer 60 extracts data from the database and presents it to the user interface 62 in the format of several different reports 64-74.
Report 64 includes one entry for the right-hand-side of each rule 76. The information in the entry includes a count of the number of times that RHS was fired 78, and a calculation of the percentage of the total CPU time for the run which was spent in pattern matching following rule firings for that RHS 80 and time spent in actually executing that rule RHS 82. Also included is an activity count 84 for all of the class members affected by firings of that rule. The activity counts are separately tabulated as to the number of class members allocated, freed, and updated. All of the counts and calculations 78-84 are cumulative over the entire monitoring period.
Report 66 indicates the class member activity subdivided both by match number 86, (recognize-act cycle number) and class name 88. In other words, for each recognize act cycle, there is a separate entry in report 66 which indicates the number of the cycle and the class which had at least one member which changed. Thus, for example, if members of three different classes were changed as a result of a single RHS firing, there would be three entries in report 66 for that cycle. Each entry contains a count of the number of working memory elements which were allocated 90, freed 92, and updated 94 during that cycle for that class.
Report 68 contains a plurality of entries, with each entry containing a match, or cycle, number 96, the identity of which RHS fired to initiate that cycle 98, and an identification of a rule left-hand-side which must be rematched as a result of the most recent firing 100. Preferably, each entry contains one LHS affected 100, so that if five rules must be rematched as a result of one RHS firing, report 68 will contain five entries having identical match numbers 96 and RHS fired 98 entries.
Report 70 contains one entry for each cycle. Each entry contains the match number for that cycle 102, the total CPU time to perform the match and conflict resolution 104, and the conflict set size 106. Also included are the number of interelement tests 108 and intraelement tests 110 which were performed. The RHS which fired just before the cycle began is also included 112.
Report 72 contains one entry for each rule in the expert system, which is identified by the rule LHS 114. Each entry contains one subentry corresponding to each of the patterns contained within the left-hand-side of that rule. Two pattern subentries 116, 118 are shown in FIG. 5, but the precise number of pattern subentries for each rule LHS 114 depends on the number of patterns contained within each rule.
Each subentry contains the number of interelement condition tests which were required 120 for matching that rule LHS, and the number which were successful 122. Each subentry also contains the number of intraelement condition tests which were required 124, and the number which were successful 126. The class name 128 corresponding to each pattern is also included in the appropriate subentry.
Report 74 also contains one entry for each rule left-hand-side. Each entry identifies the rule LHS 130, and contains a subentry for each pattern within the rule in a manner similar to that of report 72. FIG. 5 shows only a first pattern subentry 32 and a second pattern subentry 134, but the number will vary as described above. Each subentry contains a number indicating the maximum number of interelement match satisfactions 136 which ever existed, and the maximum number of intraelement matches 138 for that pattern. These are the numbers obtained in collected data set 50 of FIG. 4. Each subentry also includes the total number of class members for a class 140, and the name of the class 142.
It is easily seen that the reports 64-74 are generated directly from the data sets 42-54 collected by the monitor 40. For example, report 70 is simply a listing of data set 54. Rule 74 is derived from data set 50. Other reports are similarly derived from the data sets 42-54.
The various reports 64-74 generated by the analyzer 60 are defined and displayed according to the philosophy expressed in the cause/effect chain shown in FIG. 6. FIG. 6 illustrates the relationships between different parts of the interaction between the rules 12 working memory 18 and rule interpreter 20 that can lead to inefficiency. The selection and layout of the collected data displayed in the reports of FIG. 5 is preferably made so as to emphasize and describe the nature of these relationships.
FIG. 6 describes the interrelationship of events which occurs during each recognize-act cycle. The right-hand-side of a rule is fired 150, causing some number of class members to be changed 152. A change in some class members 152 causes the left-hand-side of certain rules to be affected 154. As is known to those familiar with the Rete algorithm, only those rules having left-hand-sides affected by the changed class members 152 are rematched.
Rematching of the affected rules 154 causes the condition tests within those rules to be reevaluated 156. This, in turn, potentially causes some number of pattern matches to be satisfied 158. Satisfaction of the appropriate patterns within the affected rules adds these rules and their matched working memory elements to, or subtracts them from, the conflict set 160. This formation of the conflict set 160, by testing conditions and matching patterns, is what consumes CPU time 162 during execution of the expert system program.
Analyzing execution of the expert system application in accordance with the concepts shown in FIG. 6 results in an attempt to improve efficiency by focusing attention on those rules which, when their right-hand-sides fire, cause the rule interpreter 20 to use inordinate amounts of CPU time in the following match cycle. The rules which fire and generate this extensive matching can be referred to as culprit rules.
Box 154 indicates that, as a result of a culprit rule firing, the LHS of some rules must be rematched. The matching of these rules is what actually uses the large amounts of CPU time. Therefore, these rules can be referred to as suspect rules, and analysis of performance information should be focused on them.
Referring to FIG. 7, operation of the analyzer 60 is shown. When operation of the analyzer 60 begins, the first step is to select a culprit rule 170. If desired, several culprit rules may be selected and followed simultaneously, but the description of FIG. 7 will assume that only one culprit rule is selected at a time.
The culprit rule is selected 170 based on the information shown in report 64. The culprit rule is preferably the rule which causes the highest percent of CPU time spent matching 80.
The next step is to determine which classes were changed as a result of the firings of the culprit rule 172. From report 70 the analyzer 60 can determine during which recognition-act cycles, or match numbers, the culprit rule fired. This list of match numbers is used to select only those entries from report 66 which have corresponding match numbers 86. This results in a report selected from the entries of report 66 which gives the class name 88 of only those classes which were changed as a result of firings of the culprit rule.
Once a user has reviewed the results of the selection of step 172, he may move on to select the suspect rules, which are those having left-hand-sides affected by the firing of the culprit rule 174. This information is presented by extracting from report 68 only those entries having RHS fired information 98 matching the culprit rule. The names of the suspect rules are used as a filter for the remaining reports to the user 176-182. The list of suspect rules will be used to select only those entries from the various reports which correspond to those suspect rules.
After the suspect rules are selected, the user is presented with several reports 176-182 to assist him in determining the causes of execution inefficiencies. These reports need not be presented in any particular order, but preferably can be selected as desired by the user. For a given problem, some reports will usually supply more helpful information then others.
The user is presented with an inference cycle activity report 176, with only inference cycles including a suspect rule being included. This is obtained from report 70. The user is also presented with a report of tests and hits by pattern for suspect rules 178. This is obtained from report 72, and all patterns for each of the suspect rules are presented. A report of matches by pattern for the suspect rules 180 is extracted from report 74. Finally, the size of the conflict set by cycle is reported 182. This is extracted from the entries in report 70.
In many instances, the user will determine, based upon his experience and knowledge, that it is not necessary to view all of the reports just described. An anomaly may become evident early in the process, and the user may wish to repair this without checking further. For example, if a large number of LHSs are identified as affected in step 174, the user may wish to modify a class member or combine several similar rules into a single rule and resolve the differences on the right-hand-side of the combined rule. If changes are made at this point, the user would exit the analyzer 60 and perform another test run on the expert system.
The types of changes to be made to the expert system as a result of viewing the results of the reports described above will be understood by those skilled in the art, and will not be described here in detail. For exemplary purposes, a few uses of each report will be briefly described.
The inference cycle activity report provided in step 176 can be used to diagnose problems due to large conflict sets or identify anomalies in rule firings by looking for match cycles that significantly deviate from the norm. The report provided by step 178 can be used to evaluate trade-offs between LHS matches and procedural search, or to indicate that patterns within an LHS should be reordered to reduce excessive interelement tests. The report provided in step 180 can be used to diagnose large cross-product effects, or to raise an alert that dynamic storage explosion may be occurring.
Back flow lines 186, 188 indicate that the user, if desired, may step backwards through the analyzer 60 procedure in order to examine data regarding the performance of additional rules. For example, if desired, the user may move backward from step 172 to step 170. This would correspond to selecting additional culprit rules, with the additional culprit rules being all those other rules which also caused changes to the same classes which were changed by the original culprit rule.
In a similar manner, a back step may be made from step 174 to step 172 to generate additional changed classes. This would correspond to selecting all of the classes which could cause changes to the original set of suspect rules as well as those which were actually changed by the original culprit rule. A selection of new suspect rules would then be made which includes all suspect rules which are also changed by this enlarged set of classes. The various reports generated in steps 176-182 would then select all of the entries corresponding to this enlarged set of suspect rules.
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the system described above provides a monitoring facility for extracting appropriate data during execution of a rule based expert system, and for assisting a user in analyzing that data to pinpoint rules or data which need to be modified in order to improve system performance. This greatly improves the efficiency of performance data analysis 36 as described in connection with FIG. 3, greatly decreasing the time needed to improve the execution efficiency of a given expert system.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Patent Citations
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|136 posts found
Prime World: Release Date Arrives with New Multi-Language Support
News & Features Discussion « General Discussion
Trust me, matchmaking was not improved with the "global" server. Well, if you count being matches with players of equal ratings fixed, then it was fixed, sort of. The only problems are you still wait a very long time to get matched with players your rating. And rating is so glaringly just a number in this game. You will get matched with Russians / Ukranians 97% of the time who do not speak english both on your team and the enemies team. You will be matched with the Russians / Ukranians who seem to have a bone to pick with, for example, Americans. They are either feeding and or leaving on purpose or maybe have absolutely no clue how to play.
By all means, try the game. But listen to my low lv experience, then decide for yourself. I started an account on the opposite faction from what I had been playing. Once I entered my first match with other players, I did so with a toon specifically for mid laning. I had 2 russians go mid with me and absolutely ignore the other lanes while feeding the enemy mid non stop. At first I was angry after attempts to tell them verbally and with pings to go to the other lanes, I could handle mid. After 9 games of this same thing happening, I gave up and just came to expect this to happen, and it did and does, every match. But what I came to discover is the enemy is equally as non skilled? Maybe they have no clue how to play? Maybe they dont care? I dont know why, but anywho, all you have to do is push one lane non stop. I do this and win every single time, the enemy tries to stop me but apparently has no idea when to back off or when to stop fighting me at my own tower. Push one lane non stop, rinse and repeat, evry single match, over and over again. You tell me if not having a skilled opponent that challenges you is any fun or if having team mates you cannot communicate with is fun or if having team mates that do not play together, just stick to their own lanes is fun........I could go on and on and on and on, but hey, go try this game for yourself.
ESO fan's / haters, I suggest trying out this pre-alpha.
General Discussion « Gloria Victis
OP, you did know all the TESO fanbois would come out of the woodwork to bash any other game even slightly compared to the allmighty TESO right?
[Review] Hearthstone: Heroes of Warcraft: Mind If I Roll Need?
News & Features Discussion « General Discussion
I stopped playing it, it just seems like this game is made for 8 yr olds imho.
DOTA2: eSports Event Tickets Going Fast
News & Features Discussion « General Discussion
Kids today = video game competitions and doritos, kids in my time = hockey at the park and a beer on the way home (curteousy of your friend at the party store via the back door). I don think kids like these have much of a life, i would rather not watch someone with no life other then a video game pounding away at a keyboard. Esports are extremely boring, I would rather play myself and give my wife the finger when she laughs at me dying so much then watch some nerds play.
Am I missing something? [mod edit]
General Discussion « Elder Scrolls Online
After more weekends playing this TESO then i care to count, I agree with the OP. I think exactly like that guy, Angry Joe was it? I think like he did in his reviews. The game is dull, generic, boring. I feels cheap even for a cheap mmo. I tried, i tried for many many weekends to like it, I just cant do it. It feels like it came from the early 2000's somewhere with bad graphics and on rails generic questing and levelling. Some people like it, thats fine. Some people, aptly named rabid fanboys REALLY like it and thats fine too. I don't like it, it is my opinion that the game is terribly unintuitive and very much so generically on rails. I took the money i had set aside for it, bought a case of beer and Rust alpha access. /out
Who's buying after trying out the beta?
General Discussion « Elder Scrolls Online
Watch Angry Joe's video review, that's exactly what I think of the game after several beta sessions. I will not be buying it nor subbing to it. Alot of you will enjoy it for a week or two but it will wear off fast, trust me.
Smed - Everquest Next Landmark (on schedule right now for end of this month)
General Discussion « Landmark
Probable noob question here, but is landmark the name of the game in its entirety or just this being able to build things part ?
Are you planning on playing in April?
General Discussion « Elder Scrolls Online
Not playing, had my fill of themeparks on rails.
Is there an excessive sense of entitlement in F2P games?
The Pub at MMORPG.COM « General Discussion
ever played LoL.......................
ESO's failure predicted - your thoughts
General Discussion « Elder Scrolls Online
I have "heard" things about the game like it is bleh, dull, boring, and just another themepark on rails. The skills are the same ol same ol, nothing impressive. The quests r go here kill x amount go here do this, blah blah blah. Also "heard" it is not like elder scrolls very much at all. Just another dull boring themepark on rails ride, i will pass.
Of how i lost my WoW guild to Bob. (rant/vent)
General Discussion « World of Warcraft
Any guild / clan I lead, and over 14 years or so of gaming i have led more then i could count, they all have two basic rules. #1 Help new players, help the guild / clan, #2 Do not ever bash your clan mates, that's what enemies are for, #3 Do not ever piss me off. I would have removed Bob from the clan without even blinking. One thing I have learned as a clan leader is your members are like a revolving door, always coming, always going. My method of leading is top down, things are run my way or the highway. I try to keep everyone happy, be fair, be just, it does not always work that way but you do the best you can. You do what you need to do to maintain the original ideals and integrity of your creation, you can guide it as it evolves and evolve with it, clamp down and keep it the way you want, or get out of the way.
General: Blizzard Announces HearthStone CCG Game
News & Features Discussion « General Discussion
I had one foot out the door as soon as I saw BLizzards name on this. When they said they wanted to make it intuitive for WoW players, they lost me entirely. My translation of "more intuitive for WoW players" is this: IT is going to be a dumbed down, un intuitive card game with bright shiny colors and poor graphics that plays itself. No thanks.
MMORPG: Forum Refuge for the Poor :D
General Discussion « Star Wars: The Old Republic
dont expect anything useful or constructive from these forums, just a heads up.
got to admit this game is lookign pretty bad***. How many of you plan to preorder?
General Discussion « Elder Scrolls Online
If I get into beta and like it i may pre order, If no beta then no pre order. Im too busy trying to decide between a CAI or electric fan for my Ram's Hemi and neither will be cheap so it will have to be convinicing to part with the cash.
You are not allowed to say anything negative about Defiance.
General Discussion « Defiance
Wanna hear something funny OP? mmorpg.com does the same thing, say anything negative about them and you will get a temp ban and your post will be deleted.
Everything is a cakewalk? please show me
General Discussion « Guild Wars 2
I played it for a week then I could not stand it anymore. I gave my account to my 9 year old son and he is quite happily having a good ol time. Not a complete loss, just way too easy and not very engaging for me as an adult. Probably around the lv of my boy since he is having such a good time, so I cant really knock it since it is holding someones attention at least =)
This is the Holy Grail of MMORPG's
General Discussion « Camelot Unchained
Wow, and here I thought the last game to come out was "THE MOST ANITICIPATED TITLE IN HISTORY"...........................I may or may noit check this one out. meh.
Go with this, The concept is great!
General Discussion « Embers of Caerus
All concepts are great in their own right. It's usually the game that sucks.
Waren Story: Open Beta Launching March 7th
News & Features Discussion « General Discussion
took one look through the poorly designed website and said no thanks.
Age of wushu is advertised as open pvp, LIES! PVP Sucks! 72 hours in jail.
General Discussion « Age of Wushu
Op seriously reminded me of my early days in the Army doing PT before the sun came up. Every soldier always complains about PT, especially before the sun comes up and on inclement weather days. On days when it would be raining or snowing and we would be out doing muscle days on the ground, we had a 1st Sgt that would take control of PT and do the cadence "WAAAH WAAAH WAAAH, I WANNA GO HOME, WAAH WAAAH WAAAH, I WANNA GO HOME!"


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You can now invite anyone to meet at your favorite Starbucks.
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32 year old woman | Miami, FL, USA | Seeking men 26-35 within 25 miles
Not Your Typical Barbie Doll
I haven't had much success in the real world of dating and figured, why not give this a shot? A little about me: I'm a young professional who finds herself with little time due to both work and school. I am originally from Northern New Jersey, but have not lived there in a long time. In fact, my prior residence before moving to Miami was California. I spent 9 years in the military as a nurse, and have lived and traveled most of the world. I got spoiled with California weather and decided to move somewhere a little warmer than the tri-state area. Now that I'm here, I find myself not really knowing anyone, and I've learned the hard way that it's not very easy meeting people. I do go out occasionally with my friends, but am not a fan of the club scene nor the bar scene out here. (Something about obnoxious tourists is pretty much an instant turn off for me) I'm a pretty laid back kind of girl looking for the same. In all honesty, Miami is far from my "forever" place and I have recently started to look into the relocation process. Time will tell where or what's next... This is where I realize that I could tell you more...but then what'll be left?
Coffee and conversation , Dining out , Movies/Videos , Museums and art , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Nightclubs/Dancing , Playing cards , Playing sports , Shopping/Antiques , Travel/Sightseeing , Watching sports , Wine tasting
Aerobics, Billiards / Pool, Bowling, Dancing, Inline skating, Running, Soccer, Swimming, VolleyBall, Walking / Hiking, Weights / Machines, Yoga
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
I like Dogs
Middle of the Road
There's way too many to list!
I'm a fan of all types of music with the exception of country and heavy metal I just can't seem to get into those! Movies, I tend to like either thrillers or comedies, and though I don't watch too much TV on average, I still enjoy a few select shows
Lately, it feels as if I rarely have any free time. But, when I do, I do my best to make the most of it. Be it reading, shopping, watching a movie or some sort of game, or just relaxing at the beach all make the top of my list.
I am currently in the process of reading Eat Pray Love. Before that, it was The Secret. I consider myself an avid reader and do my best to devour books on a regular basis.
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What she is looking for
|5'1" (154cms)
|5'8" (172cms) to 8'11" (271cms)
|Body type:
|Slender, About average, Athletic and toned
|No preference
|No preference
|No Way
|No Way
|Social Drinker
|Social Drinker
|Political / Govt / Civil Service / Military
|No preference
|I'll tell you later
|No preference
|Never Married
|Never Married
|Have kids:
|Wants kids:
|Not sure
|Latino / Hispanic
|Latino / Hispanic, White / Caucasian
|Christian / Catholic
|No preference
|English, Spanish
|Bachelors degree
|Associates degree, Bachelors degree, Graduate degree


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Daytona, Talladega re-enforcing crossover gates
Updated: April 24, 2013, 6:30 PM ETAssociated Press
NASCAR's two fastest tracks are re-enforcing crossover gates in the wake of the Feb. 23 accident at Daytona International Speedway that injured nearly 30 spectators.
Daytona and Talladega Superspeedway announced Wednesday that the high-banked tracks are installing additional cables at the crossover gates, which allow fans to move between the grandstands and the infield before and after races. The tracks also are adding supplemental tethers between the gate frame and support posts.
"We're ...
Read full story
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Ha-Ha [English, incest], by Ran Hiryu15 April 2007, by Oliver AKA The Admin
I don't like incest manga very much, but I know that's a category that many people seek. So, well, I make the effort to upload one !
That manga is called Ha-ha, by Ran Hiryu. And this is an english-translated one. Period, don't ask me to comment so much something i'm not fond of, thanks
Oneppyu (or the backup gallery)
Download the Free Zip English Hentai Manga
(40 MB, 183 pictures, english)
Or you can also use the Alternative :
Zip Mirror #1 – or – Zip Mirror #2 – or – Zip Mirror #3
You can also take a look at Mamama (186 pictures, English), by the same artist, with the same style :
to grab the file you want. You can just pick the stuff you need, it's quick and easy :)
To find more works about a subject ("Dragon Ball" for instance), use the search field in the upper-right corner of the page. When I share enough works by a good artist I create redirection pages with links to all his shared works.
A problem to play videos, or questions like "how to download the zips" or "why does it ask a password, you said there isn't one" ? Read the Help & information page :)
Most fundamental rule : if a download fails once, that can happen : try again ! ;-)
You are welcome to share the links to my uploads - I didn't draw the hentai myself anyway - but please, NOT a word-to-word carbon copy.
Sign up to Gravatar and give here the same email to show your avatar.
You can use these allowed html tags :   ,   ,   ,  (NO trailing slash, NO double quotes) ,   (NO double quotes)
16 Responses to ' Ha-Ha [English, incest], by Ran Hiryu '
Ha Ha has to be the best mom son story ive ever seen, wish there were more.
The Image 18 on the Gallery can't be seen. The zip links can't be downloaded as well. Says one doesn't load and the other said hosting has been expired.
Image 52, 55, 56, 66, 96, 140, 142, 149, 151, 153, 154, 162, 168, 174, 180, 183
have no images as well. sorry for double posting. pressed the submit button too quickly.
too bad the links are dead…..
Incest hmm
Crap. I couldn't pull this up so I went to another site. Now that site is gone entirely and all I'm getting are "DOWNLOAD" sites. I dpnt want to download it, just read it
Even the back up file is gone
I'll try fixing it tomorrow ^^
Not to be rude or anything Oliver but it's still not coming up
There are 2 working links, isn't that enough ?
That's weird….I keep getting page not found. Hmm
um the links are still dead :
sadly niether of the gallerys work. please try and fix if you could please.
gallerys still down.
21-11-2014 – 00:39hrs central Australian time. Download was clean & complete, no problems aside from the usual (that's as close as I'm going to saying something nice about deposit-f-ing-files!)
Thanks for the InCase gallery, I haven't had this many Avatars on hand since I found a 4hr mixed DVD of Presley Maddox porn – hope he enjoys my work as much as I enjoy his/hers!
(it's getting harder for me to distinguish gender based on material!)
I'm looking through the comments here & despite the fact that you stipulated a dislike of the genre, nobody said so – so I'll say it: Thank You, Oliver – it shows a real, dedicated spirit of professionalism to put so much effort into presenting something you do not personally enjoy.
(believe me – I KNOW where you are coming from on that!)
Love & Kisses.
You liked it ? Hated it ? You've got additional information and links ? Or did you see broken links (please report them, I will reupload it) ? Bring more life here, participate, add a comment ;-)
If you report a dead link, please, tell me what is the precise dead hyperlink and the precise error. Never forget to try again !
Show your avatar in the comments »


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Gmail panel 22.214.171.124-signed
by Alejandro Brizuela
Check and do whatever you want into your Gmail easily with a panel.
It also alerts you the unread emails.
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- 6-Foot Outdoor Battery-Operated White LED Light String
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Perfect for lighting up your next backyard party, the 6' Outdoor Battery-Operated White LED Light String features a 1-hour On/18-hour Off timer function and 3-way switch. Easy to hang on trees, on your patio or on an outdoor tent.
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Illuminate any room with the soft glow of the LED Lodge Lantern with Tree Design. The 8" round metal lantern gives off perfect luminescent lighting through a delicate tree design to add a rustic feel to any room.


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Press release from PR Newswire
GNC Streamlines Mobile Purchasing with PayPal Mobile Express Checkout
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
GNC Streamlines Mobile Purchasing with PayPal Mobile Express Checkout13:23 EDT Wednesday, May 25, 2011PITTSBURGH, May 25, 2011 /PRNewswire/ -- General Nutrition Centers, Inc. (NYSE: GNC) has added PayPal's Mobile Express Checkout to its mobile site, m.gnc.com. The integration was made exclusively by mobile and social commerce provider, Branding Brand, without any involvement from third-party service providers, and makes GNC one of the first to implement this feature on its mobile site."Our technology makes it easy to automatically bring PayPal Express Checkout into mobile; and up until this point, nobody thought it was possible," says Chris Mason, co-founder of Branding Brand. "For those with PayPal Express Checkout on their e-commerce site, this is a game-changer for increased mobile conversion." Upon checkout, customers who choose to use PayPal Mobile Express Checkout log into their PayPal account, confirm payment details, and then view the order confirmation on GNC's mobile site. The process streamlines the purchasing process by eliminating the need to enter lengthy credit card or address information. "Allowing customers to purchase quickly is an important part of improving the mobile experience, as well as conversion," said Jeffrey R. Hennion, executive vice president and chief branding officer at GNC. "We are excited to give our customers a fast, secure alternative to our standard cart." Following the implementation with GNC, Branding Brand is rolling out PayPal Mobile Express Checkout with many of its clients. The company is a PayPal Channel Partner and currently has over 1,000 mobile sites, apps, and Facebook commerce integrations on the market.ABOUT BRANDING BRANDBased in Pittsburgh, PA, Branding Brand provides turn-key mobile commerce and social media solutions for leading brands, including Bon-Ton, Carnival Cruise Lines, Dick's Sporting Goods, Drugstore.com, Follett Higher Education Group, General Nutrition Centers, James Avery, Jelly Belly, Major League Baseball, Nebraska Furniture Mart, New Era, Sephora, Starwood Hotels and Resorts Worldwide, and Steve Madden. The company's multi-channel offerings include over 1000 smartphone websites and apps, tablet websites and apps, Facebook commerce (f-commerce) stores, Facebook post commerce, social commerce integrations, and social media management. Recognized by Forrester Research, Branding Brand is a Facebook Preferred Consultant Developer and PayPal Channel Partner. For more information, visit http://www.brandingbrand.com.SOURCE Branding BrandFor further information: Christina Koshzow, email@example.com, +1-412-567-4903


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Corfu Culinary Tour Excursion Reviews
Enjoy the many delicious delights of Corfu with a culinary tour of the city.
8 reviews
Apr 2012
After the major site visits, ending up in the beautiful garden of a famous restaurant, Spiros & Vasilis, with sumptuous local culinary, was FANTASTIC! The restaurant is located in St.John, 8km from Corfu. In addition, local band provided music and entertainment, elevating the experience even further! I highly recommend this restaurant.Read explore4ever's full Seven Seas Voyager cruise review
Provider: Regent Seven Seas Cruises
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Movie Review: Purani Jeans – A few times, the drama threatens to get exaggerated. But 'Purani Jeans', despite its we- know-where- this- coming-of-age arc is going, gets a lot else right.
Star cast: Tanuj Virwani, Aditya Seal, Izabelle Leite, Param Baidwaan, Raghav Raj Kakkar, Kashyap Kapoor, Sarika, Rati Agnihotri, Rajit Kapoor, Manoj Pahwa
Director : Tanushri Chattrji Bassu
I went into 'Purani Jeans' expecting nothing, and was rewarded by a film that kept me with it. The storyline is solid even if not terribly new. It has believable characters, and an arc that moves and is moving.
Anyone who has grown up with a gang of inseparables will instantly connect with these Kasauli Cowboys. Sid (Tanuj Virwani) is a fatherless boy whose mom (Rati Agnihotri, also his mother in real life) has set her heart on his going to the US. Sam (Aditya Seal) is a 'khandaani raees' and has an alcoholic mother (Sarika) who lives unhappily with her second husband (Kapoor). The other three, Bobby, Suzy and Tino (Baidwan, Kakkar and Kathuria respectively) make up the group. Sid and Sam have known each other since they were five, and are the kind of friends of that are constantly out of each other's houses, know each other's secrets. Trouble begins, as it does usually, with a girl. Pretty Nayantara (Izabelle Leite) arrives in town and catches the boys' attention. Love strikes and things change forever.
I have a couple of quibbles. The guys all look just a tad older than they should: this is a gang that's giving entrance exams for higher studies, so presumably school and college-leaving is behind them. But this story of first love and heartbreak feels like it belongs to adolescents, and adolescents have a gawkiness and gangliness that's unmistakable. These boys have gone past it. Also, some of the plot points are predictable: you know, for example, how one of the main characters will end up, right from when he shows up. A few times, the drama threatens to get exaggerated. But 'Purani Jeans', despite its we- know-where- this- coming-of-age arc is going, gets a lot else right.
The film is set in the 90s, and much of the film is spent looking back, but the nostalgia never becomes mawkish. It opens with Sid in New York, where he has been for a dozen years. Circumstances compel a return to Manali, and the flashback takes us to when the gang was young and carefree. Livewire Sam organises the parties and the fun times, and song and dance follows. But again, it is kept in check: it's a bunch of best friends goofing around, …continued »
Editor's Pick


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Mercury Tires
Mercury Mountaineer 1997–1998
If your vehicle has tendency to drift or pull while driving, shows signs of tire wear, or exhibits poor ride quality, this may be caused by maladjusted ride height settings. Proper ride height should be checked as part of a wheel alignment and corrected as necessary. Have the repair shop refer to TSB-98-17-15 for more information on checking and adjusting the ride height.
Mercury Mountaineer 2003–2006, Mercury Mariner, Monterey 2006
Vehicles with the tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) may experience a situation where the warning light is on, yet the tire pressures are correct. One possibility is that the pressure sensors have "gone to sleep" and need to be reset. There is a reset tool available, or you can have a shop reset the sensors. Have the shop refer to the Ford TSB-06-3-7.
Learn more about Tire Pressure Monitor Systems
Mercury Tire Questions and Answers
I want to add freon and I want to know where the pug is located on the 2006 mercury montego
Chassis has fallen onto the rear tires after a loud click. What just broke and how much will it cost to fix? Wheels still turn but I cant say if its safe or not.
Right after exterior and undercarriage car wash for this car, shortly after acquiring it.
Checked all the fuses under the dash, all were OK. Baffled at first, checked with place that was install...
I hear clicking noises eveytime I turn left, upon taking the tire of and checking it out, the cv boot is torn. But I still don't know why its clicking or how to fix it? I had the axel ends rep...
Tires are good, thought it was sway bar but that's fine, it does this on dry roads as well as wet.


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The Magazine
Glorious, Indeed
What the English Revolution of 1688 meant.
Jul 23, 2007, Vol. 12, No. 42 • By GERTRUDE HIMMELFARB
By mid-December William was installed in St. James's Palace. Three months later, after repeated compromises by both Houses, and the intervention of William himself, Parliament issued and William agreed to what became known as the "Declaration of Rights," which set down the conditions under which William and Mary became king and queen. That Declaration, officially passed as a statute with royal approval in December 1689, bore the title "An Act Declaring the Rights and Liberties of the Subject, and Settling the Succession of the Crown." It itemized the dozen ways in which James had tried to "subvert and extirpate the Protestant religion and the laws and liberties of this kingdom." Some involved the usurpation of Parliament's rights: suspending and executing laws, levying money, keeping a standing army and quartering soldiers, creating an ecclesiastical commission, all without the consent of Parliament.
Others were violations of individual rights: disarming Protestants and arming Papists, violating the freedom of parliamentary elections, abusing the judicial system, exacting excessive fines, and imposing illegal and cruel punishments. Another list asserted the "ancient rights and liberties" of Parliament; these were essentially the obverse of the abuses.
James, the Declaration made clear, had not only acted "utterly and directly contrary to the known laws and statutes and freedom of this realm," he had also "abdicated the government," making the throne "thereby vacant." That vacancy was thus filled by the Prince of Orange, whom "it hath pleased Almighty God to make the glorious instrument of delivering this kingdom from popery and arbitrary power." (This may be the inspiration for the term "Glorious Revolution," which came into usage almost immediately.) The Declaration went on to specify the line of succession: William and Mary were to have the crown during their lifetimes, after which it would pass to the queen's heirs and, in default of such heirs, to her sister Anne and her heirs. Only in the lack of the latter would it revert to the offspring of William (from a second marriage). Thus, the House of Orange was installed in England, but only partially and temporarily. It was in accord with these terms that, on William's death in 1702, Anne Stuart succeeded to the throne.
Reading Barone's account of the events leading up to the Declaration, and reading the document itself in the appendix, one might conclude that if the military phase of the revolution was a "civil war that did not happen," so the parliamentary phase might suggest a "revolution that did not happen." The Declaration echoed the assertions made in and out of Parliament that James had "abdicated." He had not been deposed, let alone executed (as Charles I had been in 1649). The statements of grievances and rights were couched in terms of "known laws" and "ancient rights and liberties." Again, it was James who had violated those laws and Parliament that was affirming old rights, not claiming new ones (certainly nothing like natural rights). And it was not religious liberty but a Church establishment that was being defended against James. In a sense, it was James who was promoting religious liberty by opening the door to Catholics and even Dissenters. Finally, the new regime itself was not really new; Mary was, after all, James II's daughter, a legitimate Stuart, and William was co-monarch only because he was Mary's husband.
This was the revolution--a restoration more than a revolution--that Edmund Burke so eloquently memorialized. On the centenary of the English Revolution, in the shadow of the French Revolution that had just taken place--a revolution that was indeed a revolution--Burke was moved to reflect upon his country's very different revolution. Quoting the title of the English Declaration, he italicized the words "settling" and "succession." The rights and succession, he pointed out, were "declared in one body, and bound indissolubly together."
Against those of his own countrymen (Richard Price, most notably, but his remarks apply to Thomas Paine as well) who were celebrating the English Revolution as having given the people the right to "choose our own governors, to cashier them for misconduct, and to form a government for ourselves"--in effect, to "elect our kings" --Burke insisted that the English had, in fact, renounced that right "for themselves, and for all their posterity for ever." The Revolution was "a parent of settlement, and not a nursery of future revolutions." It was made "to preserve our ancient indisputable laws and liberties, and that ancient constitution of government which is our only security for law and liberty" ("ancient," again, italicized). This was the "pedigree of our liberties" which had come down to the English as an "inheritance," a "hereditary title"--an "entailed inheritance," moreover, that they could not abdicate.


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An obvious case of devious advertising can misinform consumers in a big way. Two Chinese tech firms have clashed over a new wireless router with a special setting for pregnant women. Source: 'Pregnancy wi-fi' router causes controversy in China Qihoo 360 unveiled the device, an upgrade to an existing product, which has three settings it…
Consumer products
Consumer products, Hoaxes
KFC dealing with irresponsible claim about fried rat (UPDATE: Chicken)
by idoubtit • • 13 Comments
UPDATE Lab tests have shown that the piece was definitely chicken. See below. So, this is going around… KFC supposedly served a customer a fried rat. He posted it on Facebook and the media sunk its teeth into it. On the face of it, it's stupid and clearly nonsense. But as we know well, the fact…
Consumer products, Paranormal
Etsy will be turned into a newt
by idoubtit • • 12 Comments
In the fall of 2012, Ebay took a stand against the sale of paranormal products. Though some people still tried to sell ghosts and "haunted" objects. Now, Etsy, the online marketplace for handcrafted goods has offended their community of supernatural vendors by shutting down accounts that sell spells and hexes. Witches are furious at Etsy for banning…
Consumer products, Hoaxes, Media
How do chickens with eight legs cross the road? Litigiously.
by idoubtit • • 13 Comments
KFC (formerly Kentucky Fried Chicken) has said enough to the parade of crazy rumors about their food and have sought legal satisfaction from Chinese companies that promote hoaxes that damage their finger-lickin' good reputation. KFC sues Chinese companies for online rumors about its food Restaurant operator KFC said Monday it filed a lawsuit against three companies…
Alternative Medicine, Consumer products, Skeptical activism
How low can you go: Potentially dangerous cancer cures promoted in "secret" presentation
by idoubtit • • 0 Comments
Black salve and Miracle Mineral Solution (MMS) are touted as fantastic cancer treatments "they" don't want you to know about. Pushers of these items must avoid the law that prohibits them from saying these are "cures" but they can't avoid the media. The Good Thinking Society in the UK went to a conference held on…
Consumer products, Critical thinking, Questionable claims, Skeptical activism
Support free speech in the public interest: Anti-SLAPP act proposed
by idoubtit • • 4 Comments
It's a shame that outspoken bloggers have to have lawyers at their disposal because of threats to take down pieces critical of some charlatan. This week, there is a new push to support anti-SLAPP lawsuits. Lawsplainer: The Proposed Federal Anti-SLAPP Act: What It Would Do, Why It's Important | Popehat Last week, two members of…
Consumer products
Lack of evidence at "root" of problem in claims products eliminate grey hair
by idoubtit • • 4 Comments
The FTC director makes a punny statement as the commission put the squeeze on companies who claim to be able to eliminate grey (and gray) hair. FTC Challenges Marketers' Baseless Claims That Their Supplements Prevent or Reverse Gray Hair | Federal Trade Commission Two marketers of dietary supplements have agreed to settle Federal Trade Commission…
Consumer products, Questionable claims
Neuro-tech patents increase
by idoubtit • • 4 Comments
Companies are taking out a huge amount of patents related to reading brainwaves, according to analysis, with a range of different applications. Source: Patents for technology to read people's minds hugely increasing / The Independent Fewer than 400 neuro-technology related patents were filed between 2000-2009. But in 2010 alone that reached 800, and last year…
Antiscience, Consumer products, Critical thinking
Panera changing ingredients to be more "healthy"
by idoubtit • • 12 Comments
Panera is the latest company to declare they are going to make their food sound healthier. While they portray it terms of simplicity and customer demands, really, it's a marketing gimmick and may end up disappointing the consumer. Panera CEO says 'no' to unacceptable ingredients – Fortune The restaurant chain is doing away with or reformulating…
Consumer products, money-making schemes, Questionable claims
FTC slashes weight loss scam scheme
by idoubtit • • 3 Comments
The FTC charged the group Sale Slash for violating the FTC Act and the CAN-SPAM Act. They used spam emails and banner ads to fake news sites that were designed to look like a genuine endorsement. It was also alleged that they used unauthorized celebrity endorsements, such as Oprah Winfrey, and made false claims to…
Consumer products
Yet another illegal stimulant in dietary supplements
by idoubtit • • 1 Comment
Dietary supplements contain potentially harmful substances. Gee, I'm starting to sound like a broken record, just repeating the same thing… FDA warns about another illegal stimulant in supplements | Reuters. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration is warning companies to stop selling dietary supplements that include a stimulant known as DMBA, the latest in a…
Alternative Medicine, Consumer products, Skeptical activism
Have your say to the FDA on homeopathic products!
by idoubtit • • 0 Comments
The US FDA will hold a public hearing on homeopathic products. What does this mean? It means the agency is considering adjusting the current enforcement policies to reflect changes in the homeopathic product marketplace over the last approximately 25 years. That sounds like a PLAN and a great opportunity! Homeopathic Product Regulation: Evaluating FDA's Regulatory…
Alternative Medicine, Consumer products
Serious health risks from dietary supplements, action not taken in US
by idoubtit • • 3 Comments
We keep posting more and more news that provides reasons to NOT use any diet supplements. It's just getting ridiculous. A "broader problem"? I'll say so! Sometimes the FDA takes action but often only after another party does the leg work and finds the problem. Study Warns of Diet Supplement Dangers Kept Quiet by F.D.A.…
Alternative Medicine, Consumer products, Questionable claims
The era of fish oil as medication is over
by idoubtit •
Another very popular supplement is found to be… worthless. Fish Oil Claims Not Supported by Research – NYTimes.com. Fish oil is now the third most widely used dietary supplement in the United States, after vitamins and minerals, according to a recent report from the National Institutes of Health. At least 10 percent of Americans take…
Consumer products, money-making schemes
Herbalife declared NOT fraudulent (Edited)
by idoubtit •
More disappointing news on the legal front today. Herbalife is in the clear after years of dogged pursuit accusing them of fraud. Herbalife wins dismissal of U.S. 'pyramid scheme' lawsuit | Reuters. Herbalife Ltd won the dismissal of a lawsuit that claimed the maker of weight-loss and nutritional products fraudulently portrayed itself as a legitimate…
Consumer products, Pseudoscience
FTC cites melanoma apps and mosquito repellent wristbands as deceptive
by idoubtit •
The US Federal Trade Commission has lowered the boom on two deceptive consumer products. First, unsupported claims that a phone app could detect skin cancer. FTC Cracks Down on Marketers of "Melanoma Detection" Apps. The Federal Trade Commission has challenged marketers for deceptively claiming their mobile apps could detect symptoms of melanoma, even in its…
Alternative Medicine, Consumer products
Supplement industry is manufacturing controversy over NY action
by idoubtit •
Recall earlier in February, the New York state Attorney General took some unprecedented action against retailers selling dietary supplements. Well, the supplement industry folks didn't like this too much and, as they will, they took up a social media campaign to Twitter-harass the officials. Tim Farley found out that they were less than forthright with…
Alternative Medicine, Consumer products, Questionable claims
NY takes serious action against dietary supplement retailers for misleading advertising
by idoubtit •
We've posted a lot on the effect of bad regulatory policy for dietary supplements. Here again is an example of why the law that allows these products to be put up for sale without proper consumer protection is just an all-around flawed idea. AG: Stores sell mislabeled herbal supplements | wivb.com. New York State wants certain herbal…
Antiscience, Consumer products, Perception
There's DNA in food?! That's disgusting!
by idoubtit •
This story is going around: Mandatory labels on foods containing DNA? 80% of Americans support that. According to a recent survey by the Oklahoma State University Department of Agricultural Economics, over 80% of Americans said they would support "mandatory labels on foods containing DNA," roughly the same number that support the mandatory labeling of GMO foods…
Consumer products, Cryptozoology, money-making schemes, Paranormal Personalities
Biscardi solicits $3 million investment in Bigfoot (UPDATED: A bad investment)
by idoubtit •
Is this a joke? Yes, yes it is. Biscardi is a joke and you would be a total fool to buy into this idiocy. But there are many fools in the world who lack any capacity for critical thinking. If I can reach just ONE and say, please stop, you are being taken for a…
Consumer products, Media, Pseudoscience, Science
Will TV be less worse from now on? We are skeptically optimistic!
by idoubtit •
We're seeing a trend. First, Cosmos does well. Then, SyFy announces that they will cut development on "reality" paranormal shows. Now there is news that Neil DeGrasse Tyson is getting his OWN TV TALK SHOW and the new Discovery Channel president is saying some very interesting and positive things. This may be something… As we linked…
Antiscience, Consumer products
Proposed legislation aims to put nasty chemical in raw milk for safety
by idoubtit •
We have a followup to this story: "Natural" does not mean safe: Child dead in Australia after consuming raw milk. To defeat those who consume the milk (because of the lack of "chemicals" or because they think it is more healthful), the new regulations would require an additive to unpasteurized milk to make it undrinkable. Victoria…
Antiscience, Consumer products
"Natural" does not mean safe: Child dead in Australia after consuming raw milk
by idoubtit •
It's plain old stupid to consume such a risky product. But to give it to a child is much worse. Adults should have the right to be stupid but not to be at the mercy of ignorant parents. We pasteurize for a damn good reason. This — Toddler dies, four children seriously ill after drinking…
Consumer products
FTC sprinkles refund checks on diet supplement consumers
by Nathan Miller •
As previously covered on Doubtful News, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has cracked down on Sensa Products for deceptive practices associated with it's sprinkle-on powder allowing weight loss without diet changes or exercise. This week, consumers are seeing refund checks resulting from the settlement. Bought Sensa? You might soon get a refund check (CBS News):…
Consumer products, Questionable claims
Brain train down the drain
by idoubtit •
In unsurprising not-so-news, "brain training" doesn't work. But exercise will. Go for a walk or take up a new hobby. Watch out for anything that promises a quick fix or sounds too good to be true. Brain Training Doesn't Make You Smarter – Scientific American. [T]here is no solid evidence that commercial brain games improve…


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York Bar in Connellsville seeking to add outside pavilion
Site review plans for an addition to a bar and the renovation of an auto parts store were approved by the Connellsville Planning Commission.
Connellsville Code Enforcement Officer Tom Currey said Tuesday the owner of the York Bar filed a site review for a pavilion extension to the outside of the bar along York Avenue.
Currey said the dimensional variance was already approved by the county zoning board, which informed the bar's owner that a second smaller structure would have to be removed. It was planned to be a smokehouse for barbecue.
The pavilion will be extra space for the bar's patrons.
Currey said the pavilion will not be exempt from the existing zoning ordinance and alcoholic beverages won't be served in that area, just the bar area inside the building.
Glenn Wolfe, an engineer with Widmer Engineering, said the only concern he had with the proposal was with parking. Currey said one extra parking space is needed for the extension.
However, because patrons use street parking and after-hours parking at a nearby barbershop, the board approved the plan.
Another site review was for the building that held the former Opperman Auto Parts store along Third Street at West Crawford Avenue.
Currey said the request is for a generic build-out for possible retail on the first floor and apartment rentals on the second floor.
Wolfe had no issue with the request and the board approved it.
Both site review plans will be sent to the county for approval.
In other business, the board approved the following:
• A small addition to a house along East Patterson Avenue.
• Construction of a shed along Vine Street.
• An addition to a house along East Murphy Avenue.
• Construction of a shed along Johnson Avenue.
Mark Hofmann is a staff writer with Trib Total Media.
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Oz The Great And Powerful {DIY bags}
We had the opportunity to preview the new Disney movie Oz The Great And Powerful that is coming out in a Blu-Ray Combo
Party Supplies, DIY Craft Ideas and Tutorials, Party Recipes
We had the opportunity to preview the new Disney movie Oz The Great And Powerful that is coming out in a Blu-Ray Combo
Good morning! I've teamed up with Bird's Party and Chris of Celebrations At Home for a link party! What does that mean?
Need fun and creative ways to help your kids with math practice this summer? Ideas to keep your kiddos entertained AND
Want crafts for kids? Ideas to keep your kiddos entertained and learning this summer? The Celebration Shoppe is hosting a series of crafts
Have a little princess in your life? Planning a princess birthday party? In my latest video craft tutorial with JoAnn
So you know when you have a fun party planned, but there is no place to hang the banner… Oh
Hi everyone! I'm really starting to love making video for my You Tube channel. Today I'm sharing a quick video
Want to learn how to make a simple wreath? Rather watch a how to craft video than read my tutorial? {smirk} It's okay,
This simple gift wrap paper idea is perfect for the kids! It's fun and maybe a little bit messy (which
This teacher appreciation week party is just a little peek at all the amazing ideas you'll find in the latest issue of Bird's Party


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Studies of families with fathers actively involved in both childcare and household responsibilities, reported preschoolers who showed increased cognitive competence, increased capacity for empathy, increased self-control, and a decrease in gender-stereotyped beliefs.
Healthy Relationships for work and home
The Skills for Work and Life workshop is created for individuals to learn skills they can use in any relationship – acquaintances, neighbors, family and co-workers. Attendees learn and practice proven skills from the program, Within My Reach. These skills include effective communication, problem solving, managing personal stress and self-care.
We have introduced Prepare-Enrich groups to improve the way and the number of couples we serve. Prepare-Enrich is one of the best known, most effective marriage program in the country. It has traditional been done with one facilitator working with one couple at a time. Though the group program we can serve 10 to 50 couples in one location with the same great assessment, education, and personalized interactions with the couples.
Parenting Workshop makes a difference!
I won a yearlong custody battle of my autistic 8 year old son, which left me financially drained and emotionally beaten. I found myself living in a shelter with my son, excited to be safe as a family, but stressed over what to do now. With the partnership to bring resources to the shelter, I had the opportunity to participate in a Parenting Workshop by Northwest Family Services.
The facilitator, CarrieAnn, brought a lot of knowledge I was lacking regarding proper parenting methods and so many helpful things that now I feel energized and excited to put these practices into action.
As the classes continued I found myself moving away from my previous, and ineffective methods, mostly doing things out of habit or instinct. Now, I stop to think how this will effect my son and his unique needs. Our relationship and connection is growing stronger by the day.


text:
Hand-carved from granite, this black vessel sink will bring a modern flair to your bathroom vanity top. This one-of-a-kind sink features a polished basin and hand-fired exterior.
Ships in 1 - 2 Business Days
Product Details
- Shape: Irregular
- Sink Material: Granite
- Number of Basins: 1
- Sink Installation: Vessel
- Product Color: Black
- Overflow Hole: No
- Item Weight (lbs.): 124
- Length: 21-3/4"
- Width: 17-1/4"
- Height: 6"
- Basin Length: 13"
- Basin Width: 13"
- Basin Depth: 4-1/2"
- Rim Thickness: 4-1/2"
- Drain Size: 1-1/2"
- Exterior Treatment: Smooth
- Interior Treatment: Polished
- Drain Included: No
- Faucet Included: No
- Each sink is carved and hand fired from a single piece of natural granite stone and therefore unique. Expect variations in shape, size and color.
- To clean, use a few drops of mild cleanser rinse with water. Wipe dry.
- Seal stone with StoneTech sealer before use for maximum performance.
- When purchasing a vessel sink faucet, ensure the height to spout and spout reach will accommodate your sink.
- Technical Information
Write Your Own Review
Sink Buying Guide
Granite FAQs
How to Install a Vessel Sink