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A switch placed in a bed under a patient, includes contacts which can make or break a connection to a signal processing circuit. The signal processing circuit charges a capacitor at a selected rate, when the switch is in a first state and discharges the capacitor when the switch is in a second state. A latch is set to actuate a signal when the voltage of the capacitor reaches a selected high value. By controlling the rates of charge and discharge of the capacitor it is possible to provide an indication of the degree of restlessness of the patient, the presence of the patient in bed, and whether the patient is out of bed.
1. A monitoring system for bed patients comprising;
(a) a binary signal generating means adapted to produce a first signal when a body is in a rest position in a bed; and a second signal when said body is out of said bed;
said signal generating means adapted to produce transient changes from one to another of said first and second signals, when said body is in said bed but is not at rest; the frequency of said changes from one to the other of said first and second signals, increasing with the restlessness of said body in said bed;
(b) signal processing means comprising;
(1) means responsive to said second signal to increase the magnitude of a selected physical quantity at at least one selected rate;
(2) means responsive to said first signal to decrease said magnitude of said physical quantity at a selected one of a plurality of rates;
(3) latch means and means to set said latch means responsive to a predetermined magnitude of said physical quantity, and means responsive to the setting of said latch means to set an alarm when said magnitude reaches a selected value.
2. The monitoring system as in claim 1 in which said selected physical quantity comprises an electrical potential appearing across a selected capacitor; said means to increase said magnitude comprises means to charge said capacitor; and said means to decrease said magnitude comprises means to discharge said capacitor.
3. The monitoring system as in claim 2 including means responsive to said latch means to disable said means to discharge whenever said latch is set.
4. The monitoring system as in claim 1 in which said binary signal generating means comprises a switch means adapted to change from a first operating position to a second operating position responsive to the weight of said body on said signal generating means, in said bed.
5. The monitoring system as in claim 4 in which said switch means comprises;
(a) a first strip of flexible insulating material;
(b) a second strip of flexible insulating material of substantially the same dimensions as said first strip;
(c) insulator spacer means to keep said strips apart and parallel;
said strips and spacer means being locked together at one end, and adapted to slide, one strip relative to the other when said strips are bent into an arc; and
(d) contact means adapted to open and close responsive to the curvature of parts of said switch means.
6. The monitoring system as in claim 5 including substantially rigid insulating strip pusher means responsive to the slippage of one strip of said first and second strips with respect to the other to operate said contact means when said switch means is curved.
7. The monitoring system as in claim 5 including tensile means responsive to the slippage of one strip of said first and second strips with respect to the other to operate said contact means when said switch means is curved.
8. The monitoring system as in claim 1 including means to transmit to a monitoring station an indication that said latch is set.
9. The monitoring system as in claim 1 including means to transmit to a monitoring station an indication responsive to said first and second signals.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention lies in the field of hospital instrumentation. More particularly it lies in the field of monitoring the presence and condition of a patient in a bed. Still more particularly, it concerns the monitoring of a patient so as to provide indication of the frequency of movement of the patient, that is, when the restlessness of the patient, is greater than is normal. This provides a means for determining when the restlessness exceeds a selected amount.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In the prior art, instruments have been provided which monitor the presence, or absence of a patient in a bed. While this is useful information, it does not serve completely the needs of a hospital. It has been found that patients often have bed falls when they try to leave a bed, and it is important to provide indication to the nursing staff, that the patient is in a restless mood and may be trying to get out of the bed. It is important to recognize this condition so as to avoid the final step of getting out of bed, and falling. This instrument is designed to provide an advance indication of a possible bed fall.
It is a primary object of this invention to provide a monitoring instrument whereby the nursing staff can have indication that a patient is in bed, and is restless beyond a selected condition, and also to have an indication if the patient is, or has been, out of bed.
These and other objects and the limitations of the prior art are overcome in this invention by providing a switch means which is placed in the bed between the mattress and the spring, under the hips of the patient, so that under the weight of the body, switch contacts can be opened or closed selectively.
A signal processing means is connected to the contacts in the switch means, and is responsive to a first signal when the patient is in the bed, and a second signal, when the patient is not in the bed. Means are provided for charging a capacitor at a controllable selected rate when the second signal is received, and for discharging the capacitor at a selected rate when the first signal is received. In other words, when the patient is out of the bed the capacitor is charged and when the patient is in the bed the capacitor is discharged. However, since the patient is never completely at rest in the bed, there will be occasional interruptions and exchanges of these signals, caused by the tossing and turning of the patient, so that the contacts will close and open, responsive to each of the turnings, etc. Normal patients toss and turn in their sleep at widely spaced intervals. On the other hand, patients who are restless and moving about, will cause a more frequent closing and opening of the contacts.
This invention is designed to be able to detect the difference in frequency and effective duration of opening and closing of the contacts, corresponding to restlessness as compared to normal movement of the patient.
If the patient is out of the bed, then the capacitor charges and quickly reaches a selected maximum voltage, E, and when this voltage is reached a latch is set, which disables the discharging mechanism so that the capacitor remains charged, and the latch remains set, until it is reset manually. When the latch is set, a signal is sent to the nurse's station.
When the rate of change of the contacts is frequent, the capacitor does not have an opportunity to fully discharge during the time that the first signal is present, and consequently charge continues to build up on the capacitor and its voltage continues to rise over a period of time, which can be selected by adjustment of the rates of charge and discharge of the capacitor. In other words, the rates of discharge and charge of the capacitor can be set so that the latch will operate after a selected time when the frequency is higher than a selected number, indicating the degree of restlessness which is to be detected by the instrument. For rates of movement of lower frequency the capacitor never reaches the selected voltage E, and the latch is not set, indicating that there is low possibility of the patient being restless enough to attempt to leave the bed.
Means are provided for transmitting to the nurse's station the fact that the latch is set, and also if desired, to transmit a signal indicative of the frequency of the restless movement of the patient.
These and other objects and advantages of the invention and a better understanding of the principles and details of the invention will be evident from the following description taken in conjunction with the appended drawings in which;
FIG. 1 indicates one embodiment of the circuit diagram of the signal processing unit.
FIG. 2 illustrates the type of signals at various points in the diagram of FIG. 1.
FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 indicate various embodiments and details of the binary signal generating means, or switch means, which is responsive to the weight of the patient in the bed.
Referring now to the drawings and in particular to FIG. 1, there is shown a circuit diagram of one embodiment of this invention. Indicated generally by the numeral 10 is the signal processing means, and by numeral 12 the switch means, or the binary signal generating means.
A switch means 12 is an assembly adapted to be placed in the bed under the patient and responsive to the weight of the patient, to cause a contact 67 to move to or from one contact 68 to or from another contact 69. Thus, there is a circuit closing (or opening) between the two conductors 24, 25 connected to the switch. One of the conductors 24 goes to a relay contact 54 and by lead 26 to ground 28. The other lead 25 goes to a relay coil 20 of the relay 14. The other end of the relay coil goes by lead 22 to a line 18 which has a plus voltage V. When the contact 54 is closed and the contact 68 is closed, then the relay 14, indicated by the dashed line 14, will pull in, and the moveable contacts 29 and 51 will move down to the "on" contacts.
Contact 29 is connected to lead 22 and to the voltage V. A corresponding contact 29A of relay 14 goes to the coil 32 of another relay 16, the second end of the relay coil 32 going by lead 33 to ground. Consequently when relay 14 pulls in contact 29, contact 29A carries the plus voltage V to the coil 32 of the second relay 16 and causes it to pull in the moveable contact 44 to the fixed contact 44A, via lead 45 and to a resistor 38 to one lead 37 of a capacitor 34, the other terminal of which is connected to ground 28.
The capacitor 34 is charged by means of a rectifier 35 through a variable resistor 36 connected to the voltage V. Thus normally the capacitor is charged at a selected rate determined by the resistor 36, through the rectifier 35. However, whenever relay 16 pulls in, the terminal 37 of the capacitor is connected through resistor 38, line 45 contacts 44 and lead 27 to ground, and the condensor then discharges at a rate corresponding to the resistance 38.
There is a second resistor 40 which may be fixed or variable, that is connected at one terminal by means of a manual switch 42 to the terminal 37 of the capacitor 34, and at its other terminal through lead 45 to the moveable contact 44 of relay 16 to ground. Thus when the switch 42 is in the position shown, a considerably different value of discharge resistance 40 as compared to 38 can be utilized so as to radically change the rate at which the condensor discharges. The purpose of these resistors will be discussed in connection with FIG. 2.
When the contact 67 and 68 are closed, relays 14 and 16 are pulled in, and the capacitor is discharged. When the contact 67 moves to 69 the circuit between leads 24 and 25 is broken and the relays are opened and the capacitor 34 begins to charge through the resistor 36. If there is no further movement of the contact 67, in the switch means 12, the voltage of the capacitor will rise on an exponential curve and when it reaches a selected value E, it will close a latch 47, through lead 46, the latch being connected through lead 53 to ground. When the latch 47 closes, a relay 52 is closed.
One of the contacts 54 of the relay 52 is connected to ground through lead 26, and the other contact through 57 to leads 24 and 25 and switch contact 67 to the relay 14. When the latch is pulled in, the contact 54 breaks the circuit, so that thereafter so long as the latch is on, relays 14 and 16 cannot be closed, and consequently the capacitor 34 is not discharged and the latch stays on.
A second moveable contact 56 is connected to ground through lead 26 and closes to terminal 56A which connects one end of the coil 55 to ground the other end being connected to the voltage V, so that relay 58 pulls in contact 59 and places high voltage on the signal device 60 which may be a light, or a buzzer, or equivalent device, provided the manual switch 61, which is connected through lead 62 to ground 28 is closed. Thus, when the latch 47 closes, relays 14 and 16 are locked open, and the signal device 60 is enabled so that, if the switch 61 is closed, an appropriate signal will be set. Means are also provided to transmit this fact that the latch is closed by means of lead 43 from the switch 61, through contacts 51 and 51A of relay 14, and then to the nurse's station by lead 49 and back by lead 41 to the voltage V. Thus a signal light at the bed and at the nurse's station can be provided.
If desired, another contact 58 on the relay 52 can be used to close the circuit to ground an indicating diode (LED) 64 through resistance and manual switch 66 to the voltage V.
Referring now to FIG. 2, there are eight separate sections A, B, C . . . H, which indicate various circuit conditions in the monitoring unit signal processing means. In section A of FIG. 2, there is shown a base line 70 and a parallel line 72 which indicates that a signal is present which indicates that a patient is in bed and there is no movement. The line 72, representing voltage or current is constant.
It is obvious from the circuit diagram of FIG. 1, that the lead 24 can be connected either to terminal 68 or 69, so that a normally open or normally closed switch contact 67 can be provided. While the circuit diagram of FIG. 1 is drawn for a particular switch condition 67, it will be obvious that a corresponding diagram can be drawn using the same relays etc. for the opposite connection of the switch contact 68 and 69. FIG. 2A indicates the current situation for FIG. 1 when the patient is in bed and there is no movement.
As the patient moves in a normal movement, that is, occasional turning or lifting his hips, and dropping it to change position in the bed, there will be occasional interruptions of the line 72 indicating that when the weight of the body is removed from the switch 12, current 72 will be interrupted, and the current flowing then on leads 24 and 25 will look like FIG. 2B. That is, there will be considerable time period 73 when the current will be constant like 72, and then there will be an interruption for a short period 74. There may be several bounces up and down and then it will be constant again 73 for another period. This would be considered a normal condition for a patient in bed. The more sedated the patient the fewer the interruptions 74.
Referring momentarily now to FIG. 2E, there is shown a base line 79 and a curved line 78A which is part of an extension curve in dashed outline 78AA. This represents the rise in voltage on the capacitor 34 when there is no discharge and the capacitor is being charged by the resistor 36 and diode 35. In other words, when the current 73 drops, the relays open and the capacitor charges for a short period of the current 74. Then when the current rises to 73 again, the relays pull in and discharge the capacitor and the potential of the capacitor drops along the curve 80A. Then later when the next interruption 74 occurs the voltage will rise again 78A and drop 80A and so on. Since the current drops to 0 for the base line 79 in between each of the chargings, it is seen that there is no tendency for the voltage to build up beyond a nominal small value which immediately is discharged from the capacitor.
Referring now to FIG. 2C, there is a condition where the patient is far more restless than in FIG. 2B, indicating a much more frequent change from a condition 75 to another condition 76 and back to 75. In other words, if every few minutes the patient is turning or tossing, the current flow 75 which corresponds to that of 73 will drop to 0, and then back again for short periods. When this happens referring to FIG. 2F, there will be more frequent chargings 82 and dischargings 82A. But again, if the rates of charge and discharge are set to one mode of operation the capacitor voltage drops substantially to 0 each time the condition happens.
Returning now to FIG. 2E, and to FIG. 1, there is seen in FIG. 1 that a manual switch 42 permits the inclusion of a discharge resistor 40 which can be low in resistance which means rapid discharge, or when that switch is opened the resistor 38 which is the high resistor, will cause a slow, and low drawn-out discharge, which would be represented in FIG. 2E by the discharge curve 80AA. In other words when the slow discharge takes place as shown in FIG. 2G, the discharge 82B is still in progress when the next charging condition 82 occurs, and again when it starts to discharge it does not discharge completely to the base line 79 when it is again further charged, so that there is a continual buildup in voltage of the capacitor, until it reaches a value E, shown by the dashed line 84. When capacitor voltage reaches the voltage E, as indicated by the dashed line 84, the latch 47 will pull in, and cause the relay 52 to pull in and cause the alarm to be sounded, that either the patient has left the bed, or that the patient is so restless that he is likely to leave the bed.
Returning now to FIG. 2D, there is shown a base line 70 but there is no current or voltage according to the line 72 of FIG. 2A. This means that the condition in the bed is such that the patient is not in bed. When that condition happens, the capacitor voltage rises along the line 86, FIG. 2H, determined by the charging rate until it equals the voltage E and the alarm is set at a time 85A. This is generally a shorter time than 85 of FIG. 2G when the patient is in bed, but restless.
Older instruments of this sort have indicated the conditions represented by FIG. 2A and FIG. 2D, that is, where the patient is either in bed, or is out of bed. However, that is not sufficient in present-day operation. Since it has been found that patients very often will become extremely restless just prior to trying to get out of bed, and perhaps have a bed fall, it is necessary to be able to recognize the condition of restlessness indicated by FIGS. 2C and 2G, and this is accomplished by adjusting the rates of charge and discharge of the capacitor such that the rate of charge is high and the rate of discharge is low so that the charge will accumulate between successive closings and openings of the switch 12 and therefore in an appreciable time, say 30-60 minutes, the voltage on the capacitor will build up to the voltage E which causes the latch to operate.
In other words, referring again to FIG. 1, the variable resistor 36 which controls the rate of charge, the fixed resistor 38 which controls the lowest rate of discharge, and the switchable fixed resistor 40, which controls a higher rate of discharge provide the opportunity to separate, in the indication of the instrument the conditions of FIGS. 2B and 2C.
The switch 42 is really a night operation switch. In the daytime where the nurses are in and out of the patient's room frequently and the switch 42 is generally closed which causes a rapid discharge and a condition of discharge like 82A in FIG. 2F, so that there is no signal unless the patient is actually leaving the bed. If a condition of restlessness is to be monitored the switch 42 is opened providing a slower rate of discharge of the capacitor, and therefore causing the condition of FIG. 2G to be present, and to sound the alarm after a selected period of operation.
In FIG. 1, the connection of relay contacts 51 and 51A and leads 49 and 41 of the nurse's station, when the latch is off provides indication of the off-and-on nature of the trace of FIG. 2C. As a relay 14 operates and relay contact 51 opens and closes the circuit, the light in the nurse's office indicates the on-off nature of the trace of FIG. 2C. Then when the latch is set, and the relay 14 is disabled, the light will remain on continuously, just as the signal 60 will remain on continuously.
While there are many embodiments of a switch means such as indicated by numeral 12 in FIG. 1, that can be used with a signal processing circuit of FIG. 1, there is a particular design that has been proved to be very effective and is completely responsive to the action of the patient.
Several embodiments of such a device are indicated in FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. One embodiment includes a first strip of flexible insulating material 100 of a long narrow shape and a second strip 102 of a similar shape. These are clamped together by screws 110 to a block 104, at one end. There are two narrow strips of corresponding insulating material 108 on each edge of the strips shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, which keep the two strips separated. They are held together by screws 110 shown in FIG. 5, which operate through slots 112 in the top strip. The reason for this is shown in FIG. 6 where, in FIG. 6A the straight linear condition of the device, the upper and lower strips are of equal length and are spaced apart by the insulating spacers 108. However, when the strips are bent into an arc as shown in FIG. 6B, it will be seen that the top strip is then extended 114 beyond the end of the device. This is the reason for the slots 112, to permit the top strip to slide with respect to the bottom strip. It has been found desirable to use a somewhat compressible material 108 so as to avoid the necessity of slots in the material 108.
Near the end 104 of this device 12 is a switch 142 which has two or three leads as indicated in FIG. 1, which are attached to a cord 101 which comprises the leads 24 and 25 of FIG. 1. In between the two strips 100 and 102, there is a third strip 146, generally of the same material as the top and bottom strips. It is sufficiently rigid such that when guided by the top and bottom strips it can be pushed at the end opposite to 104, and will move against the push button 144 of the switch 142. The block 106 is locked to the bottom strip 102 by screw 110 and there is a threaded opening in which a screw 148, having a knurled head 150 can be turned. As shown in FIG. 4, which is a top view, the pusher 146 is narrowed for a portion of its length and a spring 152 is provided which tends to keep the pusher 146 tight against the screw 148 and away from the push button 144.
When this device is placed on top of the spring and under the mattress, at about the hip position of the patient, the weight of the patient in the springs will cause the device to form in an arc as shown in FIG. 6B, with the slippage of the top strip 100. The effect will be to push the pusher strip 146 against the push button 144 and cause a switch 142 to operate.
In normal operation, the device is set in place. When the patient is in position, the knurled knob 150 is turned, pushing the strip against the push button until the signal light shows that contact is made. Then if the patient should lift his weight off of the device the switch will open and when his weight falls back onto it again, it will close, and so on.
In FIG. 7 there is shown a variation of this design, which is similar to that of FIGS. 3 and 4 except that in this case the top strip is fastened to the blocks 126 and 128 at each end. The switch is also fastened to the top strip 122 and the bottom strip 124 operates with slots as shown in FIG. 5. It will be clear from FIG. 6C that when this is formed into an arc, the length of the tensile member 136 will tend to increase and to pull on the ring 134 of the switch 130 to cause the switch to operate. The precise positioning of the tensile member, which might be a simple chain 136, is adjusted by means of a screw 148 with a knurled head 140, and a swivel at 138. Thus, the device can be made in one embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4 to push on the switch, or in an embodiment of FIG. 7 to pull on the switch, when the device is bent into an arc. Also the switches 142 and 130 can be made to open or close the switch as desired and to suit the type of control of FIG. 1, or other variations of this design.
In summary, this device comprises a switch means for closing and opening a switch, when a patient is in, or is out of bed, and to show by the frequency of closings and openings that the patient is of normal restlessness or of excessive restlessness. By means of a capacitor charging and discharging circuit, of variable rates of charge, and discharge, and various time constants, a proper selection can be made to cause a latch to be pulled in and a signal sounded, whenever the rate of circuit opening and closing is of greater frequency than a selected value, which would indicate that the degree of restlessness is abnormal. Thus this device can indicate excessive restlessness as well as the previously indicated conditions of patient quiet in bed, and patient out of bed. This ability to recognize the degree of restlessness permits the prevention of bed falls, since it provides a means for detecting the restlessness which generally precedes the falling out of bed of the patient.
The circuit diagram of the invention has been illustrated in its simplest form, in terms of a battery, relays, contacts and capacitor. In this form it is easy to see what happens when a particular switch or relay is closed. It will be clear, however, that this may not be the optimum practical form of the apparatus particularly because of the battery drail by the relays.
However, there are electronic equivalents of the relays and contacts which are well known in the art. It would be within the capability of a man skilled in the art to develope the circuit diagram of an analog or digital transistor circuit, to be the equivalent of this relay circuit and to accomplish the same operations as the relays, etc. However, each practitioner would have a different method of constructing such transistor circuits, and it would not be possible to cover all such possible circuits by claims. Inasmuch as the relay circuits will do the job, it is not necessary therefore to illustrate the invention in terms of analog transistor circuits or digital circuits, the invention being fully described in terms of the claims.
It will be clear from the description of FIG. 1 that while the apparatus being utilized is a capacitor that is charged and discharged, another way of expressing this situation is that the quantity of interest is the magnitude of the electrical charge in the capacitor. Since the potential across the capacitor is proportional to the charge, and is more easily measured, than another selected quantity of interest is an electrical potential, the potential across the terminals of the capacitor.
Thus the signal processing means can be described as;
(1) means representative of the magnitude of a selected physical quantity;
(2) means responsive to an "abnormal" signal (the second signal of page 3, line 19 - page 4, line 2) to increase said magnitude of said physical quantity at at least one selected rate;
(3) means repsonsive to a "normal" signal (the first signal of page 3, line 19 - page 4, line 2) to decrease said magnitude of said physical quantity at a selected one of a plurality of rates;
(4) latch means responsive to said magnitude of said physical quantity to set an alarm when said magnitude reaches a selected value.
It will be clear also, that in a digital circuit equavalent to that of FIG. 1, the means representative of the magnitude of a selected physical quantity can be an up/down, counter, and the magnitude is the count of that up/down counter; the means to increase the magnitude is means to increase the count, or means to make the counter count up; and the means to decrease the magnitude comprises means to make the counter count down.
By reference to FIG. 1, it will be clear that signal on leads 49, 41 will show whether that relay contact 51 is closed or open, and thus whether the relay 14 is open or closed. The rate of change of this signal from open to closed, to open, etc. will be an indication of the restlessness of the patient. Also if there is no signal for a long period it indicates that the patient is in the bed but hasn't moved, while if the signal is on for a long time it would mean that the relay 14 is off and the patient is out of the bed.
While the invention has been described with a certain degree of particularity, it is manifest that many changes may be made in the details of construction and the arrangement of components without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure. It is understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein for purposes of exemplification, but is to be limited only by the scope of the attached claim or claims, including the full range of equivalency to which each element thereof is entitled.
Patent Citations
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Procida Island
Procida is the smallest, and considered the most "authentic", of the Bay's three main islands. Barely frequented and known by tourists, this is the island those looking for a more genuine locals experience will want to visit. Inhabitants of the island quietly live their day to day lives without much interruption or influence from tourist centers or the mainland. Upon arriving ashore you will be greeted with a colorful scheme of cubic houses along the waterfront.
The island is only 4 square kilometers. If you are not looking for a day of beach lounging, covering most of the island on bike or foot shouldn't be a problem. Bike hire and boat trips are available once you reach the island.
Sights to see on Procida:
1) Castello d'Avalos- previously a Bourbon hunting lodge and prison.
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3) Corricella- colorful pink and yellow village at the marina.
4) Chiaia beach- possibly the island's most beautiful beach.
5) Marina di Chiaiolella- go here for good eats, old-style
If you want to acquire a new skill, diving courses are available. It is also possible to hire the equipment, and you may also charter a yacht.
How to get there:
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subset: commoncrawl


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Re: ehrlichiosis/IMHAPosted by: Rick Hemsing
Posted on: April 30, 2002 at 23:49:39
In Reply to: ehrlichiosis/IMHA
: We nearly lost our 6.5 yo Sweet Pea to immune mediated hemolytic anemia... the likely cause is ehrlichiosis from a tick. IMHA came on hard and fast. Please provide on _ehrlichiosis_ somewhere on the JRTCA page so that maybe other terrier owners can avoid the heartache we have been through. It is wicked and can be deadly. And can stay in their system for a very long time, silently growing. Our first clue was her allergic reaction to her annual vaccines (this had never happened before) but my vet discounted it as something that happens sometimes. I never believed that for a minute. We now believe she was fighting ehrlichiosis at that time. That was in November. IMHA came on in April very fast. My advice to others is use a tick control product and know the normal behavior of your dog well. If she/he seems off, do not hesitate. I would appreciate any information posted here from other terrier owners who have been down the same road with success. She is slowly on the way to normal thanks to prednisone, doxycycline and some great immune system building supplements. Thanks.
: Julie Hannon
I added a new link on the Medical page pointing to a site that discusses this problem.
I agree with you that you should know the normal behavior of your terrier and if you have concerns, discuss them to your vet.
Note: please be aware that a reaction to a vaccine does not mean that your terrier has ehrlichiosis. Some dogs are allergic to the binding protein in the vaccine (one of my terriers is allergic to some vaccinations - but was not when she was a puppy). In any case, discuss all medical conditions with your vet.
Good luck to you and Sweet Pea.
|Additional Reading: Medical


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Renee(the owner) makes the best gluten free cupcakes I have ever eatin. She tries to mix the flavors up every Saturday so there's always something new to try. and her prices are more then reasonable.
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I had a chocolate cupcake and I believe it wasn't gluten free because I was all night after eating it
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This is my favorite gluten free place to eat! My dinner was delicious and the gluten free bread was an awesome extra along with my own oil


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I am getting an error message when I try to upload my photos. What can I do?
A "runtime error" or "server error" does not indicate a problem with the contest website. It's just the system's way of letting you know the photo(s) cannot be uploaded for some reason. First, be sure that your files conform to the Image Specifications. If they are too large (4 Mb file or larger, or one side with 3000 pixels or more) or too small (less than 1000 pixels on the long dimension), the system will not be able to take them and you will see a "Run-Time Error" message. However, this is easily solved: just re-size them and try again. Sometimes if you're too close to 3000 pixels, the system might still "choke" on the file because other data is sent with it during transmission, so in that case just make the longest side closer to 2900. If you do not know how to use your image software (or app) to re-size your photos, consult your program's "help" function, or the manual that came with your software. You can also google the question "How do I resize my photos in name of your software or app, such as iPhoto or Snapseed?" You do not have to register again; please simply log in as an "already registered" contestant.
I paid for my entries online just now but I do not see the page to upload my photos.
There may be a delay with your entry fees reaching our account. Most of the time, this is instant. However, sometimes there is a short delay between your payment into the system, for which you receive a receipt from PayPal, and the funds arriving in our account. Until the funds are in our account, the system will not accept your upload. Please wait 24 hours and try to upload again. This is especially common on deadline days. To avoid this, please try and enter several days prior to a deadline. If this is a deadline day and you are running into this problem, please let us know by emailing us at firstname.lastname@example.com.
I paid for my entries and was taken to a page that has buttons that say SUBMIT IMAGE and codes next to them. Does that mean some photos are already in those slots?
Ignore the codes; they are not photos. They are simply our internal codes that will be assigned to your photos once they are uploaded. To begin the upload process, click on a SUBMIT IMAGE button and you will be taken to the page where you will upload your photo(s).
Do I have to go through the registration process again if I have already paid and want to upload additional photos?
No. If you have already paid and registered FOR THIS CONTEST you may bypass the registration process. Look for the line that says "Already a Registered Online Contestant in This Contest? Click Here " To get to the upload area, you must use your user name and password, so be sure to write them down when you first register. Please note: Each of our contests is maintained in a separate database. If you have entered previous contests of ours, you WILL need to register again from scratch the first time you want to get into the current contest.
I uploaded my photos but did not receive an email confirmation. How can I be sure you received them successfully?
You can simply log back in to the contest and see your photos. If you can see them, then we have them!
Who can enter the SPRING Contest?
The Spring Contest is open to all amateur photographers, both student and non-student, in the United States, Canada and worldwide. There is no age limit. (If you make your living as a professional photographer, you may not enter.)
When and how are the finalists, honorable mentions, and winners notified?
Finalists in the Spring Contest are notified by letter around the third week of July, via regular US Postal Service mail. We do not mail to every contestant, only to those who were selected as a finalist. The notification letters to the winners and honorable mentions are mailed in mid-August. All finalists, winners and honorable mentions can be viewed online in our Winners Gallery, after the winners have had time to receive their notification letters (generally on or before August 22nd each year.)
Who can enter the COLLEGE & HIGH SCHOOL Contest?
The College & High School Contest is open to all high school, college, and university students in the United States, Canada, and around the world. Both full-time and part-time students may enter. You are also eligible if you have graduated within the past six months. (If you are an amateur photographer but not a student, you may enter our Spring contest. Please watch for it beginning in January of each year. )
When are the finalists, winners and honorable mentions notified, and how?
Finalists are notified by letter around the third week of January, via regular US Postal Service mail. We do not mail to every contestant, only to those who were selected as a finalist. The notification letters to the winners and honorable mentions are mailed in mid-February. All finalists, winners and honorable mentions can be viewed online in our Winners Gallery, after the winners have had time to receive their notification letters (generally on or before February 22 each year.)
Will I or my school automatically be sent a copy of the book if my picture is in it?
No. Each instructor or school that would like to have the book must also place an order. About a month after notifying the finalists, we send a notification letter and order form directly to their instructors. Therefore, it is important that you fill in your instructor's name and the complete name and address of your school on your entry form.
I will be sending my prints and slides by mail. How large do they have to be?
For details about how to submit prints or slides, please download the manual entry form. All the specifications and guidelines are on the entry form. Just go to DOWNLOAD MANUAL ENTRY FORM on the pulldown menu under PHOTO CONTEST on our home page at www.pfmagazine.com.
Will I get my photographs back?
If you are entering prints or slides, we will return them only if you include a STAMPED, self-addressed envelope large enough to contain them and with sufficient postage on it. Keep in mind that U.S. postal rates may change between the time you submit your photos and the time we will send them back, so you may wish to consider putting on extra postage. All photos not returned after six months of the closing of the contest will be destroyed.
Do you accept photos from photographers in foreign countries?
Yes. You may enter online or mail in prints or slides. If sending prints or slides that you would like to have returned, please include a self-addressed envelope and an international postal coupon for return postage. Funds for payment of entry fees must be in U.S. dollars. If you would like to have us charge the return postage and are paying your entry fees with a credit card, please include a note on the entry form that asks us to add the cost of return postage to the amount we are charging for the entry fees.
How can I pay for entering my photos if I am a foreign entrant?
Payment of entry fees must be in US dollars. If you are entering online, the PayPal system that manages the online entry fees will take care of it automatically. If you are mailing prints or slides, include a check or international money order in U.S. dollars, or supply your credit card information on the entry form. We do not accept Western Union, debit cards, or wire transfers.
35th Annual Spring Photography Contest sponsored by SIGMA
WINNING PHOTOS will be published in the November 2015 issue of Photographer's Forum Magazine and exhibited at Brooks Institute. All contest finalists will be published in the hardcover book Best of Photography 2015.
EXTENDED ENTRY: May 25, 2015
Early entry fee is $5.95 per photo entered (all entries must be uploaded or postmarked on or before May 25, 2015).
No Limit to Quantity of Entries.
• Rights remain with photographer
• Subject matter is open
• Finalists notified by July 27, 2015
• Winners notified by August 10, 2015
This contest is open to all amateur photographers in the United States, Canada, and around the world.
$2,000 cash award from Photographer's Forum PLUS
• Sigma 35mm 1.4 DG HSM | Art lens ($899)*
• Chimera OB2 PRO Kit #6024 (Octa 2 Beauty Dish reflector and Versi Octa
Speed Ring) ($399)
$1,500 cash award from Photographer's Forum PLUS
• Sigma 18-35mm 1.8 DC HSM | ART lens ($800)*
• Manfrotto Pro Light Camera Backpack: Bumblebee-220 PL ($279.99)
$1,000 cash award from Photographer's Forum
Five $125 awards
All Honorable Mentions will be listed in the November 2015 issue of Photographer's Forum magazine and will receive a gold embossed certificate of outstanding merit from Photographer's Forum.
* Lens award for US residents only. First and Second Place winners in all other countries will receive additional award of $500 in lieu of lens.
Win a SIGMA 35mm F1.4 DG HSM | Art Lens
A classic focal length reimagined, the Sigma 35mm 1.4 Art lens is sharp and fast with beautiful bokeh. MSRP: $899.*
* Lens award for US residents only. First and Second Place winners in all other countries will receive additional award of $500 in lieu of lens.
Win a SIGMA 18-35mm F1.8 DC HSM | Art Lens
The world's first 1.8 zoom, the 18-35mm 1.8 Art lens is renowned for its sharp and beautifully contrasted images. MSRP: $800.*
* Lens award for US residents only. First and Second Place winners in all other countries will receive additional award of $500 in lieu of lens.


text:
WooHoo! The UPS man just delivered The Art of Disneyland by Jeff Kurtti & Bruce Gorden and boy is it a beauty. If you're not familiar with this book, it was published for the 50th and is packed from cover to cover with sketches, paintings, plans and maps that were used in the design, building and selling of Disneyland. The best thing about it? It's 100% Disneyland. No DCA, WDW, TDL, HKDL or DLP. Nope, just all Disneyland all the time!
The cover.
The book is 130 pages of large, beautiful artwork printed on heavy paper. The front papers are a map of Disneyland from 1958 and the end papers show the park in approximately 2000. The book starts with an overview of Disneyland's design and proceeds clockwise, land by land around the park, from Main St. USA to Tomorrowland and all points in between. My only complaint? The book is too short. I could have looked at twice as many sketches from the archives, and would have really enjoyed more on earlier attractions that have since moved on to Yesterland.
All in all I would say that this book is a must-have for any hardcore Disney geek and especially for those who can't get enough of Disneyland.
PS: I saw this book for sale at the park for around $75. I bought it online from Amazon for $32.


text:
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Closure of the vagina is surgery done for an
older woman whose uterus has moved from its natural position to press
uncomfortably into the vagina (uterine prolapse). This procedure may
also be done if an older woman's vagina severely sags or drops into the vaginal
canal (vaginal vault prolapse). In this surgery, the vagina
is sewn shut. So it is only done if the woman no longer desires sexual
Vaginal obliteration is done by removing the
entire vaginal lining except for
1 in. (2.54 cm) to
1.5 in. (3.81 cm). The vagina
is then sewn shut. If the
uterus is still present, a small opening is left in
vagina to allow fluids to drain from the
Because vaginal obliteration is a relatively brief
surgical procedure, it may be performed when a woman has one or more severe
long-term (chronic) medical conditions, such as
asthma or
heart disease, that make a longer procedure more of a
General, regional, or local anesthesia may be used for vaginal obliteration. You may stay in
the hospital from 1 to 2 days. You will probably be able to return to your
normal activities in about 4 weeks, but this can vary widely. Avoid strenuous
activity for the first 2 weeks, and increase your activity level
Vaginal obliteration is done to
correct severe
uterine or
vaginal vault prolapse in an older woman who no longer
desires sexual intercourse or whose other chronic health problems make a longer
surgical procedure more dangerous.
Vaginal obliteration is an effective
treatment for
vaginal vault or
uterine prolapse. Sometimes, a surgical procedure for
urinary incontinence is done at the same time.
Complications of vaginal obliteration are
The main point of vaginal
obliteration is speed and simplicity. This procedure is usually best for women
with chronic health conditions, because a more extensive or complicated surgery
could be dangerous.
Complete the surgery information form (PDF)(What is a PDF document?) to help you prepare for this surgery.
Last Revised:
October 7, 2010
Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:
Sarah Marshall, MD - Family Medicine & Femi Olatunbosun, MB, FRCSC - Obstetrics and Gynecology
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text:
October 30, 2011
Darton freshman Katherine Blumhardt shakes and bakes past a GPC defender Saturday during the Region XVII Championship game in Clarkston, which the Lady Cavs won. (Darton College/Special to The Herald)
Stories this photo appears in:
Darton women's soccer wins region title; men advance to championship
The Lady Cavaliers cap a perfect conference season by beating Georgia Perimeter on Saturday in the Region XVII title game, 5-2, after the two teams played to a pair of 1-1 ties earlier in the year.
Use the comment form below to begin a discussion about this content.


text:
After experimenting with irons, intensive hat wearing and repeatedly head-butting balloons, scientists have concluded the best way to straighter hair is to avoid being silly. Find a more straightforward option with today's Groupon. Own a set of mini straighteners and a set of curling irons for 99 AED instead of 200 AED with EIDEAL.
Courageously ousting cunning curls and ironing out crinkly bonce-based creases or creating noggin noodles of straight deals, EIDEAL is one of the most reliable brands in the often tress-filled world of hair restyling. They've combined frizz fighting mechanics with nifty comfort and utmost usability, plus a smidgen of good ol' fashioned panache, to create a set of straighteners and curlers that really hammer home a loud and proud style.


text: http://serverfault.com – given that Apache applies <Location> directives AFTER <Files> directives, how would one apply a "require all granted" to a single file in a location? in the below wxample, I want the rss feed to be public, while everything else is restricted... Or will this have to be changed to a <Directory> instead? Example: <Location "/doku"> Options FollowSymLinks Order deny,allow Allow from all AuthBasicProvider ldap AuthLDAPURL -------- AuthLDAPBindDN -------- AuthLDAPBindPassword ------- AuthType Basic AuthName "test" Require ldap-use (HowTos)


text:
Snodgrass double stings Hornets
Robert Snodgrass' extra-time winner earned Leeds a 2-1 victory over Watford in their clash at Elland Road.
Last Updated: 25/08/09 10:54pm
Robert Snodgrass' extra-time winner earned Leeds a 2-1 victory over Watford in their Carling Cup second round clash at Elland Road.
Marvin Sordell's first goal for Watford three minutes from time cancelled out Snodgrass' first-half opener to send the game into extra time.
Snodgrass grabbed the winner eight minutes into the first period of extra time to dump out Championship outfit Watford.
The win maintains Leeds' 100 per cent start to the season and secures them a spot in Saturday's third round draw.
Watford, who revealed before the game they have accepted an offer from Portsmouth for striker Tommy Smith, made a bright start and Will Hoskins - looking for his first goal since January - saw his header fly wide from close range.
Leeds responded and Bradley Johnson's drive from the edge of the box cleared the frame of the goal.
But home goalkeeper Shane Higgs - with three clean sheets this season - kept his side on level terms in the 19th minute, producing a brilliant save to tip Don Cowie's 25-yard drive away for a corner.
Good work from Mike Grella then created an opening for Snodgrass but after his first shot was blocked by Lloyd Doyley, the Leeds forward could not keep his next effort down.
Danny Graham then saw his drive saved by Higgs before Tom Cleverley's weak shot fell harmlessly wide.
In front
But Leeds moved in front in the 38th minute when Snodgrass curled his shot into the bottom corner from 12 yards.
The Hornets responded and came close to equalising within four minutes but Higgs was on hand to keep out Graham's effort.
Just before the break, Jermaine Beckford, with four goals in as many games, saw his goalbound effort blocked by Mike Williamson before Leeds survived another scare.
First Higgs did well to push Cleverley's deflected effort around the post and from the resulting corner, Graham couldn't direct his header on target.
Beckford tried his luck from 35 yards, his strike failing to trouble Richard Lee, before Jonathan Howson struck a drive from 25 yards wide.
Agonisingly close
The Hornets came agonisingly close to restoring parity when Cleverley's drilled shot from 20 yards beat Higgs but it came back off a post.
Leeds nearly took advantage of their let-off when Snodgrass unleashed another effort which forced Lee into a fine save.
Beckford thought he was going to extend Leeds' lead 20 minutes from time but Lee pulled off an excellent save to deny the striker.
Sordell forced extra time when he fired home with three minutes left but Snodgrass pounced following a flick on by Enoch Showunmi in the 98th minute to book Leeds' place in the third round.


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La Vigna
from £58 /night help Price for guests, Nights
4 reviews
from £58 /night help Price for guests, Nights
Estimated nightly price based on a weekly stay. Excludes fees (if applicable). Enter your dates to see the total cost.
Apartment / 2 bedrooms / sleeps 6
Availability Your dates are available
Apartment / 2 bedrooms / sleeps 6
|Key Info
The Villa is arranged as 4 independent apartments, immersed in its own secluded large garden with vines, olives & fruit trees. Perfect for relaxation or exploring.
The Apartment advertised (Due Viste) sleeps up to 6, a great place for families and children of all ages
*The whole Villa may be rented subject to availability* please contact us.
Situated on the border of Umbria & Tuscany, close to Lago Trasimeno and the historic town of Castiglione Del Lago, Our Villa is located in the hamlet of Vitellino, set in a rural but central location, within easy reach of lake Trasimeno & many historic places, Florence & Rome are less than 2 hours train ride away. From our Villa and the garden you can enjoy views of Montepulciano, Cortona, Lago Trasimeno, Castiglione Del Lago & surrounding area. The pool is above ground, and only 1.2 mt deep, making ideal for children & adults alike and lovely for cooling down.
It is a great place to escape to & a convenient base for visiting the area or just relax and enjoy the tranquil rural surroundings. It is only a few minutes walk to a small (Alimentari) general store shop & Bar (open till late).
|Sleeps up to 6, 2 bedrooms
|Nearest beach
|Castiglione Del Lago 4 km
|Will consider
|Long term lets (over 1 month)
|Car advised
|Nearest Amenities
|4 km
|Nearest travel links
|Nearest airport: Perugia, Florence, Pisa, Rome, Nearest railway: Castiglione Del Lago 1.5 km
|Family friendly
|Great for children of all ages
|No pets allowed, No smoking at this property
Features and Facilities
|DVD player
|Private outdoor pool (unheated), Shared outdoor pool (unheated)
|Central heating, TV, CD player, Table tennis
|Kettle, Toaster, Iron, Hair dryer
|Clothes dryer, Cooker, Fridge, Freezer, Washing machine
|2 bedrooms, 1 bathrooms of which 1 Family bathrooms
|1 Sofa beds, Double beds (1), Single beds (2), Cots (1), Dining seats for 6, Lounge seats for 6
|Linen provided, Towels provided, High chair
|Private outdoor pool (unheated), Shared outdoor pool (unheated), Balcony or terrace, Private garden, BBQ
|Parking, Suitable for people with restricted mobility, Not suitable for wheelchair users
|Further details indoors
The Due Viste Apartment:, has a balcony at the front which means you can enjoy alfresco dining from morning till night. The apartment has terracotta floors, with modern bathroom and well appointed kitchen. 2 bedrooms and a double sofabed sleeps up to 6 people, (bedrooms can be double or sinlge beds).
The kitchen/dining/lounge area is open plan and well appointed. The bathroom has shower, bidet and basin.
Linen and shower towels are provided. Pool and beach towels are not provided.
|Further details outdoors
Guests can relax and enjoy the use of the garden, table tennis, Bar-B-Que, and the above ground swimming pool (not heated) available June-September, it is only 1.2 mt deep and great for cooling down, ideal for children & adults alike. The pool, garden furniture & facilities outside are shared with the other apartments when there are other guests.
|Further details
Please enquire with the owners for details of the other apartments at LA VIGNA.
A refundable breakage/damage deposit of €200 or £175 is required with the final payment, 6 weeks before your arrival, this will be refunded within 2 weeks of your departure
Accommodation weeks usually go from Saturday to Saturday and include linen, water, electricity and gas. Final cleaning is included. A welcome pack is provided, for when you arrive, with the compliments of LA VIGNA.
This is a non smoking property. Pets are not allowed
The Umbria region
The Umbria region is known as the green heart of Italy with its lush geography, also renowned for olive oil and wine, which produce excellent olive oil and wines. Also known for black truffle and luxury chocolate, and dont forget the famous Jazz festival in July. LA VIGNA is in an ideal central location for visiting many of the most famous & historical centres in Umbria & Tuscany. It is a pleasure to travel through the beautiful surrounding countryside to visit places such as Cortona, Sienna, St Gimignano, Assisi, Florence and many more. Montepilciano is famous for wine, as is Montalcino, (Brunello di Montalcino), and these are so close, you will not be able to resist a visit to one of its many vineries.
Train service is reliable and good value, a relaxing way to travel. Many local events occur throughout the year, so there is something for everyone. Castiglione Del Lago is only 4 km from our Villa and within a short time you can be looking across Lake Trasimeno and the surrounding areas with its great views. It is a great location for day trips by car or train to Rome or Florence and back to tranquillity.
Vitellino is a small friendly hamlet, with a bar and shop which has all the basic essentials & its only 5 mins walk from our Villa. The railway station, with frequent trains to Pisa, Florence , Rome etc, is in Castiglione Del Lago, approx 1.5km, a 5 min drive from our Villa.
Castiglione Del Lago is approx 4km, with a variety of shops and supermarkets. Discover some of the great restaurants, or sit and relax at one of the bars and soak up the local splendours
A public swimming pool, tennis courts, water sports, cinema and theatre are in Town, visit the Palazzo della Corgna (Museum & Tower), with its wealth of history and amazing frescoes. Lago Trasimeno and its beaches are 4.5 km. Take ferry trips to the Lago Trasimeno islands of Isola Maggiore and Polvese, to discover one of the best fish restaurants, a nature park, or traditional lace making. Also nearby are, golf, horse riding, cycling, fishing, trekking.
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Add your voice to the conversation about this holiday home and your review will appear on TripAdvisor too.Write a review
7 Feb 2013
"Excellent place for relax."
First of all owners gives atmosphere like at home! House is very nice and comfortable. Location is perfect for relax and traveling around by car (south Tuscany and all Umbria). The lake nearby is beautyfull.
3 Oct 2012
"Excellent Value for Money!"
We thoroughly enjoyed your time at La Vigna. Lorraine and Sal are excellent hosts and made us feel very welcome. We loved our time in the pool and the tranquil environment surrounding the apartment. The nearby facilities are super - we made use of the tennis courts, lake, water ski-ing, restaurants and markets. A relaxing holiday with so much to see in the area. The hillside villages and towns are excellent for morning coffee or an evening drink. The apartment is well situated for supermarkets and had everything we needed to make for an excellent holiday. We would love to return soon.
3 Mar 2012
"Perfect for relaxing and sightseeing"
The property is nicely secluded amongst the Umbrian countryside it is in an excellent location both to explore the local area and to relax by the pool and gardens. The villa is well equipped with everything you need it has good facilities and has various supermarkets close by to get your everyday supplies from. We particluarly liked the nearby town of Castiglione del Lago where there are a good selection of restaurants catering for everyone. We travelled by train to Rome from the local station, this I can fully recommend as Italian trains are clean and air conditioned. There are many hilltop villages and towns to explore. Salvo and Lorraine were great hosts providing us with any information we needed. I will definitely be returning one day. We had a great holiday.
1 Oct 2011
"Excellent rural location, very comfortable and ideal place to relax"
We have stayed at La Vigna a number of times and have found it an excellent location both to explore the local region and to relax in the grounds of the property. With the particularly hot weather this year the pool was a great asset.
The property has good facilities and you can obtain all the provisions you need in the nearby town of Castiglione del Lago. It also has a good selection of restaurants when you wish to eat out.
This advert is created and maintained by the advertiser; we can only publish adverts in good faith as we don't own, manage or inspect any of the properties. We advise you to familiarise yourself with our terms of use.
You're booking with
Salvo & Lorraine C.
- 7 Years listed
89% Response rate
Calendar last updated:22 Mar 2015
Based in United Kingdom
- English
- Italian


text:
For a bird's eye view of the #vansusopen, make sure to check out the action from atop the pier! Prime location. pic.twitter.com/RdCX1dKMGG
The #vansusopen is all about the red, white, and blue! Happy 4th of July! 21 days to go... pic.twitter.com/sz0LDNx2C3
We hope you're able to hit the beach this holiday weekend! Crowds may look a little bit like the #vansusopen pic.twitter.com/5cwtxEmqRN
Who knew @keliamoniz could walk on water?! Sweet shot from last year's Joel Tudor Duct Tape Invitational #vansusopen pic.twitter.com/n0EkYSc0zI
#TBT to hanging with these babe's at last year's @usopenofsurf. Can't believe it's almost here again! pic.twitter.com/kMHowNw0tC


text: Publications Search Results Users may wish to consult What's Included in the Bibliography. Results 1 - 1 Results per page: 25 50 100 Sort by: Pub Date (newest) Title Recent Additions Author Clear All Pub. Year Citation 2012 Smith, Jeffrey A. Macrostructure from microstructure: Generating whole systems from ego networks. Sociological Methodology. 42, (1), 155-205. Full Text Options: DOI Worldcat Google Scholar Export Options: RIS EndNote XML [1]


text:
The very much in love couple have been dominating tabloid headlines for weeks, following Kanye's revelation of Kim's pregnancy during his concert.
Kim's baby's daddy is now showering her with bling, perhaps celebrating the most beautiful phase in their lives. Kim Kardashian tweeted a picture of her arm, covered in gold bracelets gifted to her by Kanye!
The caption read- "The Don strikes again!!! #SoLucky!!!!!!"
Yes, she is lucky indeed! The picture shows Kim wearing a total of five different Cartier bracelets that cost up to $65,000!
Kanye is totally spoiling his baby mamma and Kim seems to absolutely love it! Why shouldn't she? The gold shower on Kim's wrist includes a Cartier Panthère Bracelet in yellow gold, embedded with diamonds. Kim is also wearing a Cartier Love Bracelet worth $9,400 and a Cartier Juste un Clou that costs $34,650! And to top it all, her wrist is adorned with not one, but two Cartier animal print bracelets.
Kim has been often seen sporting gold accessories, but this time she went all out! And as long as Kanye keeps them coming, we don't see her complaining much. Also, this bold gold look suits Kim's sexy yet sophisticated persona. Looks like pregnancy suits her and Cartier quite well.
SellCelebPhotos.com lets you sell your celebrity photos for money online. It extends its services to both buyers and sellers of photos, videos, and news stories. It helps cash in from the sale of celebrity photos to magazines, TV, & premium websites. Visit us today to upload your photos, or email sellcelebphotos@
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text:
About 100 parents from throughout the county listened to the school system's presentation at Old Mill High School in Millersville.
Study areas include dance, theater, creative and dramatic writing, 3-D studio art, film and technical production/arts management. The program will call for students' school days to be extended by nearly three hours from Monday-Thursday.
County high schools typically run from 7:17 a.m. to 2:05 p.m., school officials said. The magnet schools program would mean a school day would end at 4:45 p.m.
The program would ultimately be offered for rising 11th- and 12th-grade students — those who entered the program as ninth and tenth graders. AACPS officials said that they envision that ultimately the program will comprise about 800 students.
The school system currently has two middle school Performance Visual Arts magnet programs, at Bates and Brooklyn Park middle schools.
"We're looking to prepare kids who want to go onto college and preparatory schools and consider arts as their career," said Lori Snyder, performing and visual arts magnet teacher specialist. "We're asking parents and students to apply if they're really passionate about the arts and they want to spend this extended time and instruction in the arts."
Most parents said they were encouraged with the chance to connect their children with working artists and professionals the magnet program would offer. Others voiced concern about the extended day and the travel time.
The program was welcome news for students such as Lexi Pline, a ninth-grader at Annapolis High School, who was in the county's magnet program while attending Bates Middle School.
"It will be nice knowing that I have the option because I'm really focused on the arts," said Pline. "It really helps me learn to do arts things, and I like the longer art classes."


text:
Wince of the Week, April 7-13, 2013, excerpted from "UNICEF Report on Child Well-Being Shows U.S. Near Bottom of List," in the International Business Times, April 12, 2013. The EHRP Team winced when we read this:
Add child care to the list of "Lists on Which the U.S. Is Not Number One." America is, in fact, number 26, behind both Greece and Portugal, according to the U.N.'s new report, "Child Well-Being In Rich Countries: A Comparative Review."
Of the four countries that occupy the bottom of the list, the U.S. is by far the richest: numbers 27, 28 and 29 are the formerly Communist East European nations of Lithuania, Latvia and Romania, respectively. The report said "there does not appear to be a strong relationship between per capita GDP and overall child well-being," noting that, besides the U.S. being toward the bottom, the Czech Republic ranks higher than Austria, and Slovenia is higher than Canada.
The U.S. also ranked second from the bottom in child poverty rates. The only country among the 29 that has more children living in poverty than America is Romania. The U.S. was also near the bottom for rates of immunization against measles and polio, as well as for "child life satisfaction."


text:
New Pharaoh Mac & DMT Songs, Mixtapes & Videos
Pharaoh Mac & DMT ft. Dalia - Frozen [Stream]
Back in June, emcee Pharaoh Mac and producer DMT made their grand entrance into The DJBooth with Work to Do, a promotional single that won lukewarm reviews from our readership. Unfazed by the chilly reception, the Milwaukee... Read More
Pharaoh Mac & DMT - Work 2 Do [Stream]
Like many enterprising musical hopefuls, Pharaoh Mac & DMT's have traveled far and wide in pursuit of their dreams. Now, though, their hustle's brought them back to their native Milwaukee, where they've... Read More
Pharoah Mac & DMT - Hold It Down [Stream]
Despite a hint of southern flavor on Hold It Down, you aren't going to find Pharaoh Mac & DMT rocking an Alabama Jersey. In fact, you are more likely to find them donning Ryan Braun Jerseys as the dynamic duo hail from... Read More


text:
A report commissioned by three south London boroughs into drug use during sex has highlighted significant risks to the sexual and mental health of gay and bisexual men.
Councils in Lambeth, Southwark and Lewisham – boroughs which have a high population of gay men – said they are are determined to tackle the growing problems associated with 'chemsex'.
The findings of the report, produced by experts in HIV and sexual health at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, will inform the response to the problem.
Health experts have previously raised concerns that chemsex, or sex under the influence of drugs such as crystal methamphetamine, GHB/GBL and mephedrone, could be behind rising rates of HIV and STIs in gay men.
Lambeth has the highest prevalence of HIV in the UK (14 per 1,000 residents aged 15-59) and Southwark has the second highest (12 per 1,000).
Councillor Jim Dickson, Lambeth's Cabinet Member for Health and Wellbeing, said: "This research provides essential insight into the complex needs of this particular at risk group of our local residents.
"It will enable us to work with partner organisations to find new approaches to reducing harm and to support the health and wellbeing of affected men."
Promoted stories
The Chemsex Study, published on Friday, is the first research of its kind in the UK to look at the complex relationship between drug use and sexual behaviour and documents the harms that some gay men experience.
Majority of sex drug users "not happy with sex lives"
Report lead author, Dr Adam Bourne from the Sigma Research team at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, said: "A vulnerable section of society is using new drugs in new ways that is putting them at serious risk.
"Although our study shows that chemsex is uncommon overall, there is a need for specialist support for men who have sex under the influence of these drugs.
"Gay and bisexual men need better information and advice as well as access to gay-friendly drug and sexual health services that are able to address the psychosocial aspects of chemsex.
"We also need to work with social and sexual networking apps and websites to ensure they are supporting health promotion and harm reduction to their users."
Researchers analysed survey data from 1,142 gay and bisexual men living in Lambeth, Southwark and Lewisham and conducted in-depth interviews with 30 gay men from the area.
They found that although chemsex was reported to increased sexual arousal and facilitate more adventurous sex, many men were using drugs to mask self-esteem or self-confidence issues.
The majority of men were not happy with their sex lives and wanted a long-term partner for more intimate and emotionally connected sex.
Around a third of men interviewed found it difficult to maintain control of their behaviour or negotiate safe sex while under the influence of drugs and had unprotected sex with high risk of HIV/STI transmission, which they regretted.
Overdosing, panic attacks, convulsions and sexual assault were all associated with chemsex.
Many men also felt that the large amount of time they spent engaging in chemsex was detrimental to their social relationships and career progression.
Public Health England has raised concerns about rising HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in men who have sex with men.
A forthcomingwill aim to address these issues and set a strategic direction for improving the sexual health of residents.
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Comments (1)Please login to enable comment sorting
'Chemsex' warning by Lambeth Council: Sex on drugs blamed for rise in HIV among gay men
The report provided no clear evidence as to why having sex while intoxicated on those specific drugs is causing a rise HIV and more generally, STI cases. Why is sex on mephedrone or GBL mean your more prone to catching an STI than alcohol. Furthermore, the straight community are regularly having sex while intoxicated while on illegal and legal drugs so why isn't there a similar rise in that group. Mephedrone and GBL are now outdated drugs which you are unlikely to find in London clubs today.
This report is founded upon spurious evidence and makes whole sale assumptions about sex and drugs. Assumptions which smack of Christian morality and have nothing to do with the scientific process. The entire concept of 'Chem-Sex' is lazy buzz word. It's implications are that all drugs effect sex and peoples sexual drivers in the same way. This is par for the course in a Daily Mail or Metro article.
This report is founded upon spurious evidence and makes whole sale assumptions about sex and drugs. Assumptions which smack of Christian morality and have nothing to do with the scientific process. The entire concept of 'Chem-Sex' is lazy buzz word. It's implications are that all drugs effect sex and peoples sexual drivers in the same way. This is par for the course in a Daily Mail or Metro article.


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You can now invite anyone to meet at your favorite Starbucks.
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42 year old man | Woodbury, NJ, USA | Seeking women 30-48 in New Jersey, United States
Active within 3 days
A nice italian guy is waiting for you !
I'm a very easy going guy, clean cut and classy. I'm very successful and hard working. I haven't traveled much in my life and would never pass up an opportunity to see or do something new. I am secure with who I am and where I am going. I know what I want out of life and place the highest value on my personal relationships with friends and family. I would NEVER lie or hurt the people I am close to. I try to get something positive and grow from every experience I have in life and I never let bad things or negative people get the best of me. I've always been a leader,not a follower. I always accept full responsibility for everything in my life. Basically, I have myself squared away,know who I am,what I value, and there for I am capable of being a very giving person. Honesty means everything to me because a lie tells me all I need to know about a person. If a person cannot accept responsibility for their own actions, then its hard to have much respect for them. Right? I'm very handy and enjoy working on my homes. I enjoy action movies, the discovery channel, AMC channel and the learning channel. I am a very affectionate and passionate person when I'm with the right woman. My taste in music is varied. The woman I am looking for is thoughtful, kind, and considerate. She is also easy going, clean cut and classy. She is intelligent, confident and not intimidated by an independent gentleman. She is stable and has a sense of direction in life. I prefer a woman who knows what she wants,yet still has the flexibility to keep an open mind. She is willing to live a little,yet still capable of remaining grounded. She knows that there are times to be serious and times to not take things so seriously. She is capable of trusting that special guy and able to give 100% effort into EVERYTHING she does. Strong enough to be herself at all times. She is secure enough in who she is. I'm honest in what I am about and know there is someone out there that would appreciate what I have to offer.
Business networking , Dining out , Movies/Videos , Playing cards , Travel/Sightseeing , Video games
Billiards / Pool, Bowling, Swimming, Walking / Hiking, Weights / Machines
I exercise 1-2 times per week.
Don't display my sign
I like Birds, Cats, Dogs, Exotic Pets, Fish, Gerbils / Guinea Pigs / Etc., Horses, Other, Reptiles
Middle of the Road
I enjoy Italian restaurants, seafood restaurants, Subway,Tony Lukes, Hollywood Diner. I always wanted to go to Florida in February.
My favorite food is pasta and crabs. My favorite thing to do when it's raining outside is watch TV. I like shopping at Home Depot, it's a guy thing. I'm good at turning ugly houses into beauty.I like being around easy going nice people.
Swimming, outdoors, playing poker,beach,boating,boardwalk,enjoying my home,shooting pool,dining out,spending time with that special someone.
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What he is looking for
|5'6" (167cms)
|4'8" (142cms) to 6'0" (182cms)
|Body type:
|About average
|About average
|No preference
|Dark brown
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|No Way
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I have a very good career.
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I come from an Italian family. Both parents are married and have strong family values.
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|Some college
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text:
Environment Events
An Odyssey of Ecological Invasion: Invasive Species Challenges and Collaboration Globally and Between the U.S. & China
October 19, 2005 // 12:00pm — 2:00pm
China Environment Forum
One major aspect of globalization has been the mobility of people, products, diseases, and information, as well as (often unwelcome) plant and animal species. At this China Environment Forum meeting, speakers examine the issue of invasive species from the global perspective and how the U.S. and China are working together to address this problem.
Drought and Conflict in the West African Sahel: Developing Conflict Management Strategies
October 18, 2005 // 12:00pm — 2:00pm
Environmental Change and Security Program
Anthony Nyong of the University of Jos, Nigeria, discusses the relationship between drought and conflict in the West African Sahe. Focusing on the Sahelian region of northern Nigeria, Nyong examines how scarcity of natural resources and conflict interact to exacerbate vulnerability and human insecurity.
After the Storm: Environment and Population Issues in Gulf Coast Reconstruction and Global Implications for Coastal Development
October 05, 2005 // 10:00am — 11:00am
Environmental Change and Security Program
Robert A. Thomas, who holds the Chair of Environmental Communications at the University of Loyola in New Orleans, speaks about the environmental and demographic aspects of post-hurricane reconstruction in the Gulf Coast.
Implications of China's Energy Growth
October 05, 2005 // 9:00am — 11:00am
China Environment Forum
To fuel the country's economic boom, China is building a new 1,000-megawatt coal-fired power plant every week, and the country is consuming half the world's cement, a quarter of all steel, and two-fifths of all copper. Not surprisingly, fifty percent of China's outward FDI is in extractive industries.
Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon: Innovations and Challenges in Environmental Policy
September 21, 2005 // 11:00am — 12:00pm
Brazil Institute
Brazilian Minister of Environment Marina Silva speaks on government actions and policies to curb deforestation, dismantle illegal logging rings, and fight corruption among federal employees accused of collaborating with loggers in exchange for bribes.
Book Launch: Energy and Security: Toward a New Foreign Policy Strategy
September 12, 2005 // 2:00pm — 5:00pm
Kennan Institute
Experts launch new Kennan Institute book. Video is available.
Parks for Peace or Peace for Parks? Issues in Practice and Policy
September 12, 2005 // 9:00am — 5:00pm
Environmental Change and Security Program
An ECSP conference explores the rhetoric and reality of peace parks. Drawing on future plans and successful projects in southern Africa, Kashmir, and the Korean peninsula, the speakers debated whether peace parks can protect the environment and promote conflict resolution.
Measuring Impact: A Review of Packard Foundation and USAID's First Generation Population-Environment Projects
September 07, 2005 // 12:00pm — 2:00pm
Environmental Change and Security Program
The Packard Foundation hired consultant John Pielemeier to analyze the long-term sustainability and growth of PE/PHE programs. He presents the review's findings.
Politics and Power of Environmental NGOs in Taiwan and Mainland China
September 02, 2005 // 9:00am — 10:00am
China Environment Forum
with Gerald A. McBeath, University of Alaska Fairbanks and Tse-Kang Leng, National Chengchi University Taipei
Trends in U.S. Support for Conservation and Development: A Historical Look at USAID's Environment Programs
August 23, 2005 // 2:00pm — 3:00pm
Africa Program
Catherine Corson, 2005 Africanist Doctoral Candidate Fellow, discusses her research on the history of and key influences on the development of USAID's environmental programs.


text:
Press release from Marketwire
Dundee Corporation Acquires Interest in Canadian Orebodies Inc.
Friday, August 24, 2012
Dundee Corporation Acquires Interest in Canadian Orebodies Inc.16:25 EDT Friday, August 24, 2012TORONTO, ONTARIO--(Marketwire - Aug. 24, 2012) - In accordance with regulatory requirements, Dundee Corporation (TSX:DC.A) ("Dundee") announces that it has acquired, in a private placement, 5,000,000 units (each a "Unit") of Canadian Orebodies Inc. ("Canadian Orebodies") at a price of $0.20 per Unit. Each Unit consists of one common share in the capital of Canadian Orebodies issued on a flow-through basis and one-half of a common share purchase warrant ("Warrant"). Each whole Warrant entitles Dundee to purchase one common share at the price of $0.30 for a period of 18 months, subject to certain accelerated vesting provisions. In addition, an account managed by Goodman Investment Counsel Inc., a subsidiary of Dundee, controls 5,000,000 common shares and 2,500,000 warrants of Canadian Orebodies.In aggregate, Dundee Corporation owns or controls a position in Canadian Orebodies representing an approximate 7.41% interest or 10.72% assuming the exercise of all warrants.The position in Canadian Orebodies was acquired for investment purposes and may be increased or decreased in the future as considered appropriate in light of investment criteria, market conditions and other factors and in accordance with the provisions of applicable securities legislation.FOR FURTHER INFORMATION PLEASE CONTACT: Ned GoodmanDundee CorporationPresident and Chief Executive Officer(416) 365-5665ORLucie PresotDundee CorporationVice President and Chief Financial Officer(416) 365-5157


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Save floor space with this slim width cooker. At 50cm wide the Flavel FSBE50W is a great choice for smaller kitchens. You're still getting a 52 litre conventional oven, plus a full 4 zone solid plate hob. The conventional heat means the top of the oven gets hotter than the bottom – ideal for more traditional dishes like cottage pies and casseroles. It's excellent for roast joints of meat and even baking too. Please note, the cable doesn't come included as it needs to be installed by a qualified engineer. We now offer an installation service when we deliver, so you can be safely up and running on the same day!
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25 of 27 (92%) reviewers would recommend this product to a friend
Pros: Value for money, looks good
Cons: storage needed under oven area
"Needed to replace old cooker asap..ordered the flavel on tues and was delivered thurs morn..friendly customer service and was able to track my purchase if I wanted to but it wasnt needed as I recieved txts and calls confiming the date and estimate time it will arrive..only negative thing I have to say about the wee cooker is I think the area below the cooker would be ideal to store pots n pans,it would be useful if u have a small kitchen..all is good though :-)"
38 of 38 people found this review helpful.
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5 / 5
Reviewed by: Chilipepper
Location: Scotland
Gender: Female
Age: 25 to 34
Family size: Single
Pros: Value for money, Easy to use, Good build quality, Quiet, looks good
Cons: needs a 2nd oven shelf
"This is a very good cooker for the money. It is easy to use and looks good. The only thing I think it needs is another oven shelf. You have to keep moving the shelf up and down to use the grill or oven."
29 of 29 people found this review helpful.
Reviewed by: Moppy
Location: Gwynedd
Age: 55 to 64
Family size: Small Family
Pros: Value for money, Easy to use, looks good
Cons: none
"Love this cooker, looks good, and does what it says on the tin haha.
No problem with Delivery, had phone calls all the time to let me know when it will be delivered."
27 of 27 people found this review helpful.
Reviewed by: Silver5
Family size: Couple
Pros: Value for money, Easy to use
"My tenants are very pleased with it. They say it heats up much better and quicker than the old one. It looks good and seems quite solid. It will be interesting to see how it withstands the demands of a houseshare."
16 of 16 people found this review helpful.
Reviewed by: catwoman111
Location: London
Pros: Value for money
"our first meal cooked in the oven was excellent , so easy to use and the hot plates were easily controlled ,looks very nice in our kitchen and is a very well built cooker , very easy to clean and is more than pleased with the cooker ,highly recommended .the service from start to finish was excellent ."
14 of 14 people found this review helpful.
Reviewed by: strawman
Location: cornwall
Gender: Male
Age: Over 65
"at just how good this little cooker is. Great value for money. Customer Service is second to none.
Well done AO.com"
13 of 13 people found this review helpful.
Reviewed by: FaeFife
Location: Fife, Scotland
Age: 45 to 54
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"Ordered yesterday afternoon and delivered 10am this morning. After sales lady called after I had ordered to make sure all was fine. Delivery guys were excellent, hauled it up a flight of stairs to my ..."
Straightforward and very easy to use, the Flavel FSBE50W is excellent for kitchens where space is at a premium. It's a very affordable model, as you're not paying over the odds for features you're not likely to use. However you're still getting a cooker with all the functionality you need.
The conventional oven holds 52 litres and here the top of the oven will get hotter than the bottom. Pies, pastries, casseroles and stews; everything traditional and with that homemade feel will be fantastic with this oven. Your dish will be cooked thoroughly and you'll get the gorgeous golden brown top.
There are 4 zones on the solid plate hob, giving you space for your different pots and pans. Since the zones come in two different sizes, you can match up your various pans to each one. It'll prevent you from wasting heat around the sides of your pan and keep your cooking as efficient as possible.
You'll notice the hob has a sunken surface too, designed to catch any liquids you might spill. Perfect if you're a bit of a messy cook, the sealed surround isn't going to drip and damage the rest of your cooker.
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Shelby Farms stands at the threshold
East Memphis park can become the type of amenity that brings international acclaim to our community
It isn't really fair to compare Shelby Farms to New York's renowned Central Park.
After all, at 4,500 acres, Shelby Farms is more than five times bigger.
Yet even though many people like the East Memphis park the way it is, Shelby Farms has the potential to be so much better.
That's what makes the Shelby County Commission's scheduled vote Monday on a new master plan for Shelby Farms so exciting.
Assuming the commission approves the plan, it will be a key step toward transforming Shelby Farms into the type of community asset that would rival the crown jewel of New York's park system.
That approval is likely. All 13 commissioners attended a committee meeting last week when the master plan was presented. The committee voted 12-0 in favor of approving the plan, with only Commissioner David Lillard passing.
The plan, which was developed with extensive community input, is impressive.
It calls for tripling the size of Patriot Lake to accommodate swimming and other water sports.
It calls for the planting of 1 million new trees to provide shade and enhance the park's natural beauty.
It would expand the park's network of trails for hiking, jogging, bicycling and horseback riding.
It would create 12 distinct "landscape rooms" that would allow a wide range of activities, including a wooded area for picnics, a range for buffalo, a public garden, orchards, a wildlife refuge, fishing lakes and a complex for active sports.
The retooled Shelby Farms might not offer something for everyone, but it sure comes close.
Of course, even if the plan is approved Monday, those changes won't happen overnight.
The Shelby Farms Park Conservancy, the nonprofit organization that oversaw the plan's development, anticipates doing the work in phases.
The first phase of the project, which would include expanding Patriot Lake, beginning the tree planting and developing new pedestrian/bike trails, is expected to cost $80 million to $100 million.
While state and federal grants might cover part of that cost, Barbara Hyde, chairwoman of the conservancy's master plan committee, said private dollars are likely to finance half to two-thirds of the total amount needed. Hyde said the conservancy is committed to raise enough money to carry out the plan.
"We don't want this to be one more plan that gathers dust on somebody's shelf," Hyde said.
There may be some critics who will say investing in Shelby Farms is a case of misplaced priorities, with the community facing so many other challenges such as crime, education and economic development.
But building a strong community requires multitasking. And quality-of-life amenities are absolutely critical in convincing businesses (and, by extension, residents) to move here and stay here.
Commissioners have to make a lot of tough decisions, but this shouldn't be one of them.
The term "world-class" gets thrown around a lot, but Shelby Farms has a real chance to become that.
Let's hope it happens.
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