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For most of the 20th Century, the poster held a symbolic space in the minds of the masses; it was an advertisement not just for events and products, but also a venue of cultural expression. Bulgarian poster-making, particularly between WWII and the late '80s, exemplifies this fusion of social politics, culture, and design. This piercing portrait of Lenin communicates the passion of the Russian Marxist's revolutionary rhetoric.
This vintage product is in fair "as-found" condition. Due to the found nature of this poster it may display creasing, surface wear and small tears; see photo for condition.
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fax: 301-480-9488
Liver Failure and Liver Disease
Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease†
Article first published online: 24 MAY 2005
DOI: 10.1002/hep.20701
Copyright © 2005 American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
Volume 41, Issue 6, pages 1313–1321, June 2005
Additional Information
How to Cite
Kleiner, D. E., Brunt, E. M., Van Natta, M., Behling, C., Contos, M. J., Cummings, O. W., Ferrell, L. D., Liu, Y.-C., Torbenson, M. S., Unalp-Arida, A., Yeh, M., McCullough, A. J. and Sanyal, A. J. (2005), Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology, 41: 1313–1321. doi: 10.1002/hep.20701
- †
Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report.
A list of members of the Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network is located in the Appendix.
Publication History
- Issue published online: 24 MAY 2005
- Article first published online: 24 MAY 2005
- Manuscript Accepted: 25 FEB 2005
- Manuscript Received: 12 NOV 2004
Funded by
- National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases. Grant Numbers: 1U01DK061718, 1U01DK061728, 1U01DK061731, 1U01DK061732, 1U01DK061734, 1U01DK061737, 1U01DK061738, 5U01DK061730, 7U01DK061713, N01HR761019
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- Abstract
- Article
- References
- Cited By
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic steatosis in the absence of a history of significant alcohol use or other known liver disease. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the progressive form of NAFLD. The Pathology Committee of the NASH Clinical Research Network designed and validated a histological feature scoring system that addresses the full spectrum of lesions of NAFLD and proposed a NAFLD activity score (NAS) for use in clinical trials. The scoring system comprised 14 histological features, 4 of which were evaluated semi-quantitatively: steatosis (0-3), lobular inflammation (0-2), hepatocellular ballooning (0-2), and fibrosis (0-4). Another nine features were recorded as present or absent. An anonymized study set of 50 cases (32 from adult hepatology services, 18 from pediatric hepatology services) was assembled, coded, and circulated. For the validation study, agreement on scoring and a diagnostic categorization ("NASH," "borderline," or "not NASH") were evaluated by using weighted kappa statistics. Inter-rater agreement on adult cases was: 0.84 for fibrosis, 0.79 for steatosis, 0.56 for injury, and 0.45 for lobular inflammation. Agreement on diagnostic category was 0.61. Using multiple logistic regression, five features were independently associated with the diagnosis of NASH in adult biopsies: steatosis (P = .009), hepatocellular ballooning (P = .0001), lobular inflammation (P = .0001), fibrosis (P = .0001), and the absence of lipogranulomas (P = .001). The proposed NAS is the unweighted sum of steatosis, lobular inflammation, and hepatocellular ballooning scores. In conclusion, we present a strong scoring system and NAS for NAFLD and NASH with reasonable inter-rater reproducibility that should be useful for studies of both adults and children with any degree of NAFLD. NAS of ≥5 correlated with a diagnosis of NASH, and biopsies with scores of less than 3 were diagnosed as "not NASH." (HEPATOLOGY 2005;41:1313–1321.)

subset: commoncrawl


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Study Abroad Home > SLU Global Programs > Semester & Academic Year Programs > The Netherlands, Leiden
With a population of 118,000, Leiden is a lively university town, with much to explore, having been described as the Netherlands' best kept secret. Take a walk through the city center and you will notice cozy alleyways bustling with shops, bars, restaurants and cafes full of life, young and old. The charming canals are always in eyesight and set the scene for a relaxing walk or romantic dinner. From the seventeenth century on, painters such as Rembrandt and Van Gogh made their mark, notably a world famous reputation for Leiden, which continues to blossom this very day. Spend time visiting world famous museums and botanical gardens or simply relax on a canal boat-tour and enjoy the beauties and floral aromatics that Leiden has to offer.
Check out photos of the Leiden program!
How to Apply
Where You'll Study
Academic Calendar
Leiden Study Center
Located along one of Leiden's many canals, Webster University houses classrooms, offices, library, and a student lounge. An intimate campus (450 students), small class sizes, and the personal environment mean that it's easy to get to know most of your fellow students, as well as faculty and staff. The student council and other clubs provide information about field trips, debates, textbooks, parties, cultural and sporting events. Webster University Leiden fits well into this compact and intellectually rich community.
Webster University's new Living and Learning Center is located just 100 steps from the main building in the heart of the old city center. There are 50 newly renovated, spacious and fully-furnished studio apartments. Each shared room contains private facilities (kitchen, toilet, and shower), furnishings, cooking utensils, crockery, mini-fridge, and bed linen. *Single rooms may be available upon request for an additional charge of $1000. The center is enclosed in a beautiful courtyard, contains a safe bicycle storage area, workout room, and student lounge. Meals are not included. In the event that on campus housing is full, students will be placed in off-campus housing. While we will strive to provide comfortable housing, amenities and locations may vary.
The semester is comprised of two, 8-week sessions. Students will typically take 2-3 classes during each 8 week session.
Click here to view the course schedule. If the schedule is not yet online- please note that upon availability it will be posted online and emailed to the admitted students.
Academic Calendar
Fall: August - December
Spring: January - May
For more detailed information regarding costs of program, inclusions, scholarships and financial aid information, please refer to the the Study Abroad Financial Aid and Scholarship Information link. Additionally, students are awarded a $1000 airfare stipend scholarship by Webster University (restrictions apply).
To seek admission, which is not guaranteed, a student must meet the following requirement(s):
How to Apply (Webster preferred deadline for the Spring semester is September 15)
Please submit the following completed documents together to Des Peres 102. Incomplete applications will not be accepted.


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Convertible. Pearl White w/ black leather. Factory 365 V-8, matching auto trans, tastefully restored and highly original.... More
1939 Cadillac Street Rod, 2 door coupe 500 ci Cadillac engine from a 1979 Eldorado with a small cam, Holley Street Avenger Carburetor 770cfm,... More
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It has rightly been said that, in terms of aesthetics, Cadillac was in 1941 what Cord was in 1937, what Duesenberg was in 1929,... More
This 1932 Cadillac 370B Convertible Coupe is an excellent example of Cadillac's long reputation for elegance and luxury. It has the V-12 motor designed... More
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1961 Presidential Limousine. Only one left. Original owner was Gov. Wallace of Alabama National prize winner. Excellent condition. Needs little to be #1 condition. photos available... More


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Sound of Music Sing-Along
- Film, Media & Entertainment
- 4780 Lincoln Ave., Oakland, CA, 94602
Friday, December 14, 2012 from 6:00 PM to 9:00 PM (PST)
Did you miss the CODAME ART+TECH Festival on Oct 27? No worries!
Join us to meet and learn about the CODAME Artists and Team presenting their work on stage and the CODAME 2012 Awards. Doors open at 6pm, be on time be squared!
▓ 10 Artists - 10 Minutes Eeach ▓
~6:30 Amy Lee (aka ANI)
ANI is a monster at improvisation, pumping out a constantly evolving progression of beats and melodies. ice on the cake, she does it all on an iPad running Nanostudio. Every performance is unique so be sure not to miss her set!
~6:40 Jason Wilson - Outerbody
Outerbody use video goggles and cameras to move your sense of sight out of your body and into a third person point of view that's looking back at yourself. This is an awe inspiring experiencewe had at CODAME ART+TECH Festival, join us to find out more.
~6:50 Jonathan Wallraven
Jonathan Wallraven. Wallraven is a Bay Area artist who primarily works in black and white, blurring the lines between installation and comic book art. Wallraven's work has a quality to it that both draws the eye in and overwhelms it at the same time.
~7:00 Josh Nimoy
Josh is a prolific artist and composer that has created a great deal of work ranging from stunning computer generated art, to playful interactive pieces that allow the user to create fun visuals with a generated audio soundtrack. His work contains a fusion of math and art - which helped create the visual experience of the blockbuster film, Tron:Legacy as well as a number of gallery shows. Read more about Nimoy's work on the film.
~7:10 Keisuke Shiungo aka VJ KSKA
Keisuke, Director of Software at Miselu, visualizes the look and feel of what is happening on the dance floor in his abstract and stylish visuals. With his effective use of analogue controller and real time handling of motion graphics, VJ KSKA syncs the visuals with the dynamics of the music, building on the excitement generated by audiences.
7:20 to 7:40 BREAK ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~7:40 Reza Ali
Reza wil present his latest project shown at CODAME titled: Undefined Behavior, a Real-time Interactive C++ audio-reactive visual exploration of glitchy generative art. It show cases a beautiful error which typically occurs when a computer program accessing an array beyond its bounds.
~7:50 Ryan Alexander
Ryan is one of those artists who really enjoys programming. Through a mix of data visualization and programs like processing, Ryan finds beauty hidden inside of code. He's created Chrome Experiments and given us a different perspective on the world.
~8:00 Sebastian Deux & Ray McClure
Sebastian Deux (aka Superdeux) is a Frenchmen living in SF. Superdeux has become known for his cute and playful character art, many characters having a French flair to them. Superdeux art is known to take many forms, from plastic figurines to animated shorts and everything between. In collaboration with Ray McClure from Secrete Feature built a interactive tec+art using xbox Kinect named I wish I could talk. Join CODAME to learn more!
~8:10 Wesley Grubbs
Wesley takes overwhelming data sets and turns them into beautiful, easy to understand visuals. His work varies from designs, to user interfaces, to infographics, but there's generally one common thread of political activism underlying it all. Knowing how well he can work with data, we're excited to see Wesley at CODAME!
~8:20 Xavi Vives Riba
Xavi is a developer with an artistic eye. An inventor at heart, Xavi turned to code to see his experiments through. He will present his CODAME project: Ludovico a music interactive projection based on GIF.
8:30 to 8:40 BREAK ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~8:40 CODAME 2012 Awards!
Are you ready? Drums rolling…
Prizes will be given to each of the following category:
1) Live Drawing Art Contest
2) Indie Game Arcade Awards
3) Best ART+TECH Costume
Embracing innovation through creativity, play, and collaboration between artists and technologists.
Less talks, create more and get more impact. We build immersive, engaging, out of the ordinary experiences by:
A bunch of peeps with a thing for Art and Technology. In chronological order as joined…
Commodore (in-Chief) @BrunoFonzi
Amiga (Guru Meditation Handler): @staRpauSe
Atari (Artist Canvas) @Mexist
Spectrum (Ultimate Disco) @Irene86g
Cray1 (TechArt Ninja) @KKoechley
Gravis Ultrasound (Media Munger) @AniMusicSF
JUNO-60 (Markup Master) @Gridwalk
300 DPI (Art Handler) @lovemodernart
DAT (Master Boffin) @DatPhan
… and more than 100 amazing artists and volunteers…
The CODAME Adopt Program is designed to catalyze collaboration between innovative new media artists and visionary technology companies. There are many ways to support ART+TECH. You could adopt an artist by offering a residency or hosting a talk/performance, you could adopt a project on a temporary or permanent basis. For more information check our codame.com/adopt
With the support of like-minded partners we plan to triple our numbers and bring the San Francisco innovative, independent, and creative spirit of CODAME around the world. Support us, get in touch.
In order to purchase these tickets in installments, you'll need an Eventbrite account. Log in or sign up for a free account to continue.


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Diana Johnstone is a Minnesota-born independent journalist and scholar who has lived in Paris for over thirty years. She has an B.A. in Russian Area Studies and a PhD in French literature. Her active opposition to US military aggression began during the war in Vietnam. She served as press officer of the Green Group in the European Parliament between 1990 and 1996. She is the author of The Politics of Euromissiles: Europe in America's World (Verso, 1983) and Fools' Crusade: Yugoslavia, NATO and Western Delusions (Pluto Press, London, and Monthly Review Press, New York, 2003) which was published in French as La Croisade des Fous (Le Temps des Cerises).
Playing Hard Ball With Soft Power
France Under the Influence
Obama Endorses a Forgery
Ukraine and Yugoslavia
The Servility of the Satellites
Read more...
Kosovo: Waiting for War, Dreaming of Diplomacy
Fools` Crusade: Yugoslavia, Nato, and Western Delusions
The Politics of Euromissiles: Europe`s Role in America`s World
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NHS options for credit ranking businesses to be able to doctor medical centers
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Many people would claim that their only trouble with money isn't having enough from it, yet there are lots of examples of individuals who create ample streams of revenue and can't hold to any one of it. Normally, the Get Cash Fast For Kids loan repayment period relies on a weekly pay period, but sometimes pay day loans are offered with extended repayment periods too. Simply seeking the reservation may be more challenging laptop or computer needs to become; those heading the hour-and-a-half drive south from Rapid City to Pine Ridge will quickly realize that major turnoffs aren't marked. Make sure you spend your charge card payment punctually each month. So, you want to know very well what's the catch with No Closing Costs Refinance. The primary concern being that the person contains the integrity as well as the wherewithal to the credit. As previously suggested, governments have in this era of monetary de-regulation handed over governance on the banks and traders, with predictable results. If you apply for virtually any loan, then write for the lender about your needs and submit a similar documents to him. The deal, that was reported in The Wall Street Journal yesterday, is recognized as unusual because J. Often it appears about that one finds it challenging to have money to pay for debts
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Pizza Sauce Recipes
James....should there be a sticky on sauces?
I'm guessing there is no best recipe as we all have preferences.
Here's my tomato based recipe and thoughts:
I use a cooked sauce, primarily because I want it thickened with no free water.
....and I'm a "kitchen sink" cook who tends to put lots of ingredients into things!
-Sautee some finely sliced onion and garlic in olive oil.
-add Fresh tomatoes (or diced/chrushed canned tomatoes, not sauce)
Tomato paste is optional to thicken.
-add some spices (herbs de provence, oregano, basil, black pepper)
-cook until free liquid is gone.
Now some of the options:
-I usually add some honey or brown sugar
-dash balsamic or red wine vinegar
-some olive oil (may be enough from garlic/onion sautee)
-dash of tobasco
I'd be curious to hear if an uncooked or wetter sauce works in the WFO? Does the high heat drive off the free water? I guess my recipe goes back to the conventional oven pizzas I cooked 30 years ago!
Re: Pizza Sauce Recipes
Hey Jim,
It does seem like a good idea starting a permanent thread on sauce. Dough, cheese and sauce. Sauce is pretty central. :-)
There definitely is a case for using a fresh, uncooked and pretty liquid sauce in a wood-fired oven. The heat of the WFO can cook the tomatoes to where they are done -- right at the moment where the cheese and dough are also done. You can only do this with a hot wood-fired oven.
Give it a try. You can pass a can of good quality tomatoes through a food mill, or hit them with two forks, or potato masher, and that's it.
What are other members doing?
Re: Pizza Sauce Recipes
My wife loves it! Kids... would rather have canned sauce. (Unrefined pallets and all) ;)
They do like it, however, when I put it in a baking dish, heat it up in the WFO, smother it with mozzarella, and serve it with freshly baked bread.
I tried the can tomatoes directly on the dough, but I used undrained tomatoes and got a juicy pie.
I keep telling myself that I am going to try it with drained tomatoes. ( I just haven't done it yet) :rolleyes:
Re: Pizza Sauce Recipes
Yeah for a sticky sauce thread :-)
So, I got on today because I was curious what others were doing for sauce. I always use different (uncooked) sauce recipes for different types of pizzas, but thought that most authentic napoletana pizza sauces weren't as "composed".
Last night, being in a hurry, I just took some crushed tomatoes, spread them directly on the dough, drizzled on some olive oil, sprinkled on some salt, basil, etc and went for it. It worked great. I think my "composed" sauce days may be over unless I am going for something specific with it (NY style pizza, something with a tang, something unconventional or whatever).
Its great to be able to look to see what others are doing out here also to get extra ideas. Thanks gang!
Re: Pizza Sauce Recipes
I copied Acoma's (Robert!) recipe for pizza sauce so it' didn't get lost
Originally Posted by Acoma
My wife finally relented. It is a modified sauce of a recipe she aquired a long while back. Here we go.
2 lbs frresh tomatoes
1 can tomato paste
4 Tbsp fresh chopped parsley
1 clove garlic
1 Tsp fresh oregano
1/4 Tsp fresh pepper
2 Tbsp Olive oil
2/3 cup chopped onion
1/2 cup dry white wine
For the fresh tomatoes, simmer for 1.5 hours with 2 whole cloves of garlic and 5 large basil leaves. Remove leaves before mixing in blender.
Place tomatoes with tomato paste, parsley, garlic, oregano and pepper in blender or food processor. Process until smooth.
Heat olive oil in med heat, and saute onions for about 2 minutes. Add tomato mixture and wine. Reduce the heat and simmer for 1 hour 30 minutes. Stir the sauce occasionally.
This will make about 4 cups of sauce. Increase quantities as needed for yourself.
Re: Pizza Sauce Recipes
I go the uncooked route with canned FB San Marzanos. Draining is a must, then through the food mill with the medium strainer in place. Finally, I drain through the fine strainer to get even more water out.
As for ingredients, I stick with the basics - the tomatoes, salt, fresh ground pepper, garlic, fresh basil (I like mine coursely chopped - not whole leaves).
Pasta sauce is another story, a recipe I don't share (sorry, months of experimenting and much consulting with 2 Italian chef friends, many years ago).....just one of those things that took a lot of work to get exactly the way my family and I like it - I could not bare to see someone bastardize it and "change this" or "add that". Yeah, I know, pretty darn selfish.....but hey, it is suited for my taste....I'm sure not everyone would like it.
Re: Pizza Sauce Recipes
I've been crushing the San Marzano tomatoes without draining them. I've had difficulties keeping the oven temps really hot, so the sauce is often still a bit soupy, or just barely cooked dry when the pizza's done. Perhaps I'll try draining them, though the juice they're packed in looks too good to waste.
Re: Pizza Sauce Recipes
George, the drainage from the San MArzanos is saved for adding to my cooked pasta sauce. I used to add a bit of water, now it is the drainage from the pizza sauce, seems to have added just a bit more tomato goodness to the sauce.
Re: Pizza Sauce Recipes
Okay, so far that's one ingredient we got out of RT for his special pasta sauce!:)
This pesto sauce works well for pizza and pasta too!
Nice toppings include smoked chicken, goat cheese, smoked salmon, fresh motz...well, it's all good!
Take 2 cups fresh basil leaves, 3 cloves of garlic, 2 T Pine nuts and a pinch of salt. Put in food processor and blend. Then add 1/2 cup of good olive oil while running until it becomes a paste. Blend in 1/4 cup grated parmesan cheese.
(Pine nuts might be considered optional. We've used walnuts as a variation.)
This sauce freezes well in small zip locs since you don't need much.
t's really a pretty easy sauce to make and tastes great!
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Christmas - New York or Europe
Hi all, I am contemplating going on a trip for two weeks over the Xmas period. I am open to suggestions. New York: would love to see all the seasonal things & also the tourist attractions. Europe: Would be interested in going to the Xmas markets and also seeing tourist things. Let me know if your keen.


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Surf for Rewards! New Web Browser Gives Perks for Browsing
Chromium web browser Perk offers points rewards for browsing; exchangeable for a variety of goods and services.
Earlier this week the Texas-based company Jutera Labs launched their vision for a more rewarding Internet browsing experience. This vision is called Perk, and comes in the form of a web browser that rewards you for using it. By doing everyday routine things such as browsing, surfing, shopping, working or even procrastinating, the user can earn virtual "Perk Points," which can then be exchanged for real world goods and services.
The point system is similar to other loyalty programs such as frequent flier or credit card reward points, but instead of having to make a purchase, all you have to do is browse. The points can then be exchanged for a variety of items at over 2,000 merchants, including the Apple Store, Starbucks, 1-800 Flowers, BestBuy, Dell, Bloomingdale's, Urban Outfitters, Sports Authority and even charities and good cause associations, including Cancer Society, Autism Speaks, ASPCA and more. A full list of charities and services can be found on their website here.
The web browser is built on the open source project Chromium, and functions similarly to Google Chrome, which was built on the same project. The browser also uses Yahoo as its primary search engine that is built around the same clear and uncluttered GUI that has made Google Chrome so popular. The browser is available for both Mac and Windows users and is reasonably customizable in terms of privacy and data security.
For those skeptics out there, we can confirm that this is not a scam, with multiple users already having exchanged some points for coupons or vouchers. We tried the browser ourselves and were surprised at how well the browser copes in general, especially for a product so new to the buggy domain of the Internet. The browser itself is very similar to the Google Chrome layout (not surprising, really). We found ourselves with two Perk points after 16 searches with the Perk search engine. As $10 in cash via PayPal is around 1,100, we found that you get about $0.01 per 10 searches.
The idea of this new browser is certainly attractive, with an expected user group leaning more towards the type of people who work online all day. With this project still in its infancy, we look forward to seeing if this idea grabs hold of people the way real work loyalty programs do. What are your thoughts and opinions towards this new way of looking at the interaction between browsing and advertising on the web? Would you consider switching or are you sitting this one out for the moment?
Create a new thread in the Streaming Video & TVs forum about this subject
1shikamaru31789 , April 20, 2013 3:31 PMSo 10 searches is equal to 1 cent. I think Bing Rewards is closer to 1 cent per 2 searches if you get Amazon Gift Cards, but only up to 30 searches a day. The question is, will the two work together? I'm not sure that they will because I think Bing Rewards requires the Bing toolbar, which is only available on Internet Explorer last I checked.
2MANOFKRYPTONAK , April 20, 2013 3:33 PMHmm I wonder if this comes with bloatware. I am a little skeptical, could be the future of browsing who knows? Seems like a great way to grab the consumer.
-1arson94 , April 20, 2013 4:03 PMBing Rewards doesn't require Bing Toolbar and you can do it with any browser. But I use IE anyway, cause it's awesome.
8DarkSable , April 20, 2013 9:20 PMAnd what is stopping me from installing this and using a script to search for random series of letters constantly while I actually do work using chrome?
-1das_stig , April 21, 2013 9:01 AMAnd if it takes off and lotsof people strat using it,how long before the company folds when they have to start paying out loadsa $$ after making loads $$ for the owners.
0signothorn , April 21, 2013 9:03 AMOn one hand, I'm being spied on anyway, might as well be paid for it. On the other hand, if it's to find a better way to directly market based on my searches, I wouldn't appreciate all the midget porn ads popping up when I have company over.
1ta152h , April 21, 2013 4:19 PMBing has much greater rewards. You get .5 cents per search. Why would anyone want to use this, where you'd need far more searches?
0SuperGamerBoy , April 21, 2013 6:57 PMNice!
-1livebriand , April 21, 2013 8:52 PMAnd how will they be invading my privacy with this? Sticking to Chrome...
0Bobs Your Uncle , April 22, 2013 2:05 AMWhen a product or service is offered as being "Free", the consumer IS the product. Until I learn otherwise, I'm going to assume that is doubly the case with Perk. (And I don't think Google "gives away" services, etc. out of altruism.)
0of the way , April 22, 2013 7:15 AM"By downloading Perk you agree to our Terms & Conditions and to make Perk your default browser."
0nnaatthhaannx2 , June 17, 2013 5:48 PMJust tried it out.
Would not suggest anyone to download it.
The installation is 100% automatic and it does everything it can possibly can without even telling you.
Resets most of my Firefox settings (all the addons were almost completely reset), sets itself as the default search and a ton of other bad things.
I just wanted to test it out, but wow, they took over Firefox.
Oh, and by the way, it isn't worth it even if it didn't screw up my computer.
0nnaatthhaannx2 , June 17, 2013 5:49 PMJust tried it out.
Would not suggest anyone to download it.
The installation is 100% automatic and it does everything it can possibly can without even telling you.
Resets most of my Firefox settings (all the addons were almost completely reset), sets itself as the default search and a ton of other bad things.
I just wanted to test it out, but wow, they took over Firefox.
Oh, and by the way, it isn't worth it even if it didn't screw up my computer.


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Are you Joel E Schechter?Claim your profile
Publications (70)216.26 Total impact
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ABSTRACT: Lacrimal glands of people over 40 years old frequently contain lymphocytic infiltrates. Relationships between histopathological presentation and physiological dysfunction are not straightforward. Data from rabbit studies have suggested that at least two immune cell networks form in healthy lacrimal glands, one responding to environmental dryness, the other to high temperatures. New findings indicate that mRNAs for several chemokines and cytokines are expressed primarily in epithelial cells; certain others are expressed in both epithelial cells and immune cells. Transcript abundances vary substantially across glands from animals that have experienced the same conditions, allowing for correlation analyses, which detect clusters that map to various cell types and to networks of coordinately functioning cells. A core network-expressing mRNAs including IL-1α, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-10-expands adaptively with exposure to dryness, suppressing IFN-γ, but potentially causing physiological dysfunction. High temperature elicits concurrent increases of mRNAs for prolactin (PRL), CCL21, and IL-18. PRL is associated with crosstalk to IFN-γ, BAFF, and IL-4. The core network reacts to the resulting PRL-BAFF-IL-4 network, creating a profile reminiscent of Sjögren's disease. In a warmer, moderately dry setting, PRL-associated increases of IFN-γ are associated with suppression of IL-10 and augmentations of IL-1α and IL-17, creating a profile reminiscent of severe chronic inflammation. Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.The ocular surface 01/2015; 13(1):47-81. DOI:10.1016/j.jtos.2014.06.003 · 4.21 Impact Factor
Article: Autoimmune dacryoadenitis and sialadenitis induced in rabbits by intravenous injection of autologous lymphocytes activated ex vivo against lacrimal antigens.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes, activated in a mixed cell reaction when cocultured with purified rabbit lacrimal epithelial cells, are known to induce a severe autoimmune dacryoadenitis when injected directly into the donor animal's remaining inferior lacrimal gland (LG) or subcutaneously at a site remote from the LG. The purpose of the present study was to determine the ability of intravenously (IV) injected autologous stimulated lymphocytes to home to the LG and salivary gland (SG) and induce disease. One inferior LG was surgically excised from each rabbit. Acinar epithelial cells were purified, cultured for 2 days, gamma-irradiated, and cocultured for 5 days with purified autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes. The activated lymphocytes were used for autoadoptive transfer. Tear production was reduced 50% by 4 weeks and tear breakup time was 70% less than normal. Ocular surface defects assessed by rose bengal staining were present but not as pronounced as after direct injection. Four weeks after IV injection, as after direct injection, glands contained large infiltrates composed of predominantly CD4(+) T cells close to interlobular and intralobular ducts; however, they also contained unique areas of streaming lymphocytes. Histopathology at 8 weeks was more severe than at 4 weeks, and SG also showed clusters of abnormal epithelial cells and streaming lymphocytes. Lymphocytes activated against lacrimal antigens and injected IV can home to the LG and SG and initiate autoimmune processes, suggesting that these sites constitutively contain not only antigen-presenting cells displaying potentially pathogenic autoantigen epitopes but also chemokines and homing molecules that recruit CD4(+) T cells. This new rabbit model more closely mimics Sjögren syndrome, in that SG manifestations accompany the LG disease. It should be well suited to elucidating Sjögren pathogenesis and pathophysiology and to evaluating experimental therapies.Cornea 02/2012; 31(6):693-701. DOI:10.1097/ICO.0b013e31823f8e47 · 2.36 Impact Factor
Article: Artist's Statement: The Bridge.Academic medicine: journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 09/2011; 86(9):1099. DOI:10.1097/ACM.0b013e3182263eb6 · 3.47 Impact Factor
Article: Rab27b regulates exocytosis of secretory vesicles in acinar epithelial cells from the lacrimal gland[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Tear proteins are supplied by the regulated fusion of secretory vesicles at the apical surface of lacrimal gland acinar cells, utilizing trafficking mechanisms largely yet uncharacterized. We investigated the role of Rab27b in the terminal release of these secretory vesicles. Confocal fluorescence microscopy analysis of primary cultured rabbit lacrimal gland acinar cells revealed that Rab27b was enriched on the membrane of large subapical vesicles that were significantly colocalized with Rab3D and Myosin 5C. Stimulation of cultured acinar cells with the secretagogue carbachol resulted in apical fusion of these secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane. Evaluation of morphological changes by transmission electron microscopy of lacrimal glands from Rab27b(-/-) and Rab27(ash/ash)/Rab27b(-/-) mice, but not ashen mice deficient in Rab27a, showed changes in abundance and organization of secretory vesicles, further confirming a role for this protein in secretory vesicle exocytosis. Glands lacking Rab27b also showed increased lysosomes, damaged mitochondria, and autophagosome-like organelles. In vitro, expression of constitutively active Rab27b increased the average size but retained the subapical distribution of Rab27b-enriched secretory vesicles, whereas dominant-negative Rab27b redistributed this protein from membrane to the cytoplasm. Functional studies measuring release of a cotransduced secretory protein, syncollin-GFP, showed that constitutively active Rab27b enhanced, whereas dominant-negative Rab27b suppressed, stimulated release. Disruption of actin filaments inhibited vesicle fusion to the apical membrane but did not disrupt homotypic fusion. These data show that Rab27b participates in aspects of lacrimal gland acinar cell secretory vesicle formation and release.AJP Cell Physiology 04/2011; 301(2):C507-21. DOI:10.1152/ajpcell.00355.2010 · 3.67 Impact Factor
Article: Systematic variations in immune response-related gene transcript abundance suggest new questions about environmental influences on lacrimal gland immunoregulation.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Retrospective analyses were undertaken to assess the hypothesis that environmental variables influenced immunophysiological status of lacrimal glands from untreated female rabbits that had been housed out-of-doors until they were acquired for use as controls for experimental studies. Rabbits were euthanized within 5 days of arrival at University Vivaria. Glands were divided for histology and RNA extraction. Transcript abundances were determined with real time RT-PCR. Sections were stained for CD18 and rabbit thymic lymphocyte antigen. Environmental variables assessed were mean daily high temperature, low humidity, high temperature/low humidity ratio, and days with above average temperature/humidity ratio ("adverse days") during the prior 30 days. Results: Spearman's analyses revealed numerous significant correlations. Numbers of T cells and abundances of mRNAs for CD8; CCL2, and CCL4; IL-1α and IL-1β; the T(H)1 cytokine, IL-2; and the T(H)2- and B cell cytokines, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, APRIL, and BAFF, all increased with adverse days, while IFN-γ mRNA abundance decreased. Glands from the group exposed to the most adverse days remained free of immunopathological lesions. Glands from the group exposed to the highest temperatures fell above the regression curves for IL-4, APRIL, and BAFF calculated for the other groups and had significantly higher abundances of mRNAs for prolactin, IL-18, CCL21, CCL28, CXCL8, and CXCL13. One of six glands from this group contained small immune cell aggregates; the others appeared normal. The only gland that presented with frank histopathology was from a group that had experienced benign conditions. Increasing adverse days correlated with increasing abundances of transcripts, including mRNAs for IL-2, IL-10, and CD8, outside the T(H)1/T(H)2 paradigm. The findings raise intriguing questions as to whether and how such changes might be associated with homeostatic phenomena.Current eye research 04/2011; 36(4):285-94. DOI:10.3109/02713683.2010.550408 · 1.66 Impact Factor
Article: Distinct Dacryoadenitides Autoadoptively Transferred to Rabbits by Different Subpopulations of Lymphocytes Activated Ex vivo[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To test whether CD4+ T cells proliferate in mixed cell reactions with autologous lacrimal gland (LG) acinar cells and whether these cells can autoadoptively transfer disease. Purified acinar cells were gamma irradiated and cocultured with peripheral blood lymphocytes. Activated CD4+ T cells were sorted by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Unfractionated activated peripheral blood lymphocytes (UF), CD4+-enriched and CD4+-depleted T cells from an autologous mixed cell reaction were injected into the donor rabbit's remaining LG. After 4 weeks, ocular examinations were performed, and the rabbits were euthanized; LGs were removed for histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction studies. CD4 T cells increased in the autologous mixed cell reaction from 20% to 80%. Tear production decreased in the induced disease/UF (ID/UF) group and declined even more in the ID/CD4+-enriched group. Tear breakup times decreased and rose bengal staining increased in all groups. All LGs exhibited significant histopathology and increased messenger RNAs for tumor necrosis factor α. The ID/UF group exhibited the largest increases of CD4+ and rabbit T-lymphocyte antigen-positive cells. The ID/CD4+-enriched group contained fewer infiltrating CD4 cells but more eosinophils, severely altered acinar morphology, and increased fibrosis. LG of the ID/CD4+-depleted group exhibited large increases of CD18, major histocompatibility complex II, and CD4+ cells. Messenger RNAs for interleukin 2, interleukin 4, and CD4+ increased in the ID/CD4+-enriched group compared with the CD4+-depleted group. Autoreactive CD4+ effector cells activated ex vivo and autoadoptively transferred, caused what seems to be a distinct dacryoadenitis. The CD4+-depleted cell fraction also contained pathogenic effector cells capable of inducing disease.Cornea 10/2010; 29(10):1153-62. DOI:10.1097/ICO.0b013e3181d0090e · 2.36 Impact Factor
Article: Adeno-Associated Virus-Mediated IL-10 Gene Transfer Suppresses Lacrimal Gland Immunopathology in a Rabbit Model of Autoimmune Dacryoadenitis[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To evaluate the effect of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector-mediated viral (v)IL-10 gene expression on lacrimal gland (LG) immunopathology and ocular surface disease in a rabbit model of induced autoimmune dacryoadenitis (ID). Autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes, activated in a mixed-cell reaction when cocultured with purified rabbit lacrimal epithelial cells, induce a Sjögren's-like autoimmune dacryoadenitis when injected directly back into the donor animal's inferior LG. Four weeks after disease induction, AAV vector expressing the vIL-10 gene under control of a tetracycline-inducible promoter was injected into the inferior LG of the treatment group (ID/Rx), and doxycycline was fed orally to induce transgene expression. The ID group serving as control also received doxycycline. All LGs were removed 16 weeks after disease induction. Clinical symptoms showed overall improvement in the ID/Rx group compared with the ID group. Histopathologic examination of the ID group's LG revealed scattered large lymphocytic foci and areas of altered or distorted acini, whereas the ID/Rx group had scattered small lymphocytic foci. The number of CD18(+) cells was almost fivefold lower in the ID/Rx group than in the ID group. Although the total number of RTLA(+) cells did not differ between the groups, the CD4/CD8 ratio was 16-fold smaller in the ID/Rx group. Animals with experimentally induced autoimmune dacryoadenitis appeared to benefit from AAV-mediated vIL-10 gene transfer therapy. Quantitative immunohistochemical analysis suggested that the therapy might not have been simply immunosuppressive but rather supported the induction of CD8(+) regulatory cells.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 10/2010; 51(10):5137-44. DOI:10.1167/iovs.10-5423 · 3.66 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Research into the physiological processes governing both normal and abnormal functions of the lacrimal gland has used animal models to provide insights that might be applied to improving our understanding of human disease and designing of beneficial therapeutic interventions. Animal models most frequently used are mice, rats, and rabbits. As participants in research into normal and abnormal lacrimal gland function, the authors have observed significant differences between the various animal models, and these differences must be considered in investigational studies. This review summarizes a wide range of topics, including structural organization of the lacrimal gland and the immunological, secretomotor and hormonal processes regulating lacrimal gland function in all three animal models. In addition, comparisons with relevant aspects of the human lacrimal gland are included where permitted by available data.The ocular surface 07/2010; 8(3):111-34. DOI:10.1016/S1542-0124(12)70222-7 · 4.21 Impact Factor
Article: Suppression of lymphocyte proliferation and regulation of dendritic cell phenotype by soluble mediators from rat lacrimal epithelial cells.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Lacrimal epithelial cells appear to constitutively secrete autoantigens to their underling stroma. The present experiments address the hypothesis that they also secrete soluble factors that regulate immune responses. Epithelial cells, spleen cells and lymphocytes were obtained from rabbits or rats and cultured in various configurations. Monocytes from rat bone marrow were matured to dendritic cells (DC) ex vivo. Proliferation was measured by [3H]-thymidine incorporation; surface MHC Class II and CD86 using flow cytometry; and mRNA relative abundances using real time RT-PCR. Microporous culture inserts containing rat lacrimal cells inhibited proliferation of rabbit lymphocytes co-cultured with autologous lacrimal cells and of rat lymphocytes co-cultured with TNF-alpha-stimulated DC. They inhibited CD86 and MHC Class II surface expression by maturating DC and reversed surface expression of CD86 but not MHC Class II by partially matured DC. Subsequent exposure of partially matured DC to mediators from rat lacrimal cells reversed the ability to stimulate lymphocyte proliferation. TGF-beta(1) and IL-10 mRNAs increased somewhat when rat lacrimal cells were isolated but decreased markedly in rabbit lacrimal cells. Antibodies to TGF-beta prevented soluble factors from rat lacrimal cells from inhibiting proliferation of rabbit lymphocytes co-cultured with rabbit lacrimal cells, but recombinant TGF-beta alone did not mimic the soluble factors. IL-10 immunopositivity was detected in epithelial cells of interlobular ducts and occasional interstitial cells in rabbit lacrimal gland. Rat lacrimal epithelial cells secrete TGF-beta and other factors that synergize to suppress lymphocyte proliferation and regulate DC maturation. Interlobular duct epithelial cells in rabbit lacrimal glands may express similar functions.Scandinavian Journal of Immunology 08/2009; 70(1):53-62. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.2009.02272.x · 1.88 Impact Factor
Article: Long-term topical cyclosporine treatment improves tear production and reduces keratoconjunctivitis in rabbits with induced autoimmune dacryoadenitis.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To use a rabbit model of induced autoimmune dacryoadenitis to evaluate the efficacy of topical ophthalmic cyclosporine A (CsA). Autoimmune dacryoadenitis was induced by injecting autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes, which had been activated in a mixed cell reaction with acinar cells isolated from one inferior lacrimal gland (LG), back into the donor animal's remaining inferior LG. Schirmer's test, tear breakup time, and rose Bengal staining were assessed. Animals with established disease were treated topically with either CsA or Endura twice daily for 5 months. Without treatment tear production and tear stability were abnormal for 6 months, and clear signs of ocular surface defects were evident. Severe immune cell infiltration was observed in the LG. Long-term CsA treatment increased tear production only slightly, but the severity of LG histopathology decreased noticeably. CD4(+) T-cell infiltration of the LG was decreased and infiltration by MHC class II-expressing cells was also decreased. For the Endura-treated group tear production did not improve, rose Bengal scores remained high, and histopathology showed infiltration comparable to the untreated group, but by the end of the study the tear breakup time did improve. The rabbit model of autoimmune dacryoadenitis had signs of chronic dry eye disease 6 months after induction of disease. Tear production improved slightly with CsA treatment and CD4(+) T-cell infiltration decreased significantly in the LG. This suggests that some Sjögren's patients may benefit from long-term CsA treatment.Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics: the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics 07/2009; 25(3):285-92. DOI:10.1089/jop.2008.0138 · 1.42 Impact Factor
Article: Cytopathology and Exocrine Dysfunction Induced in Ex Vivo Rabbit Lacrimal Gland Acinar Cell Models by Chronic Exposure to Histamine or Serotonin[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Lacrimal immunohistopathology has diverse clinical presentations, suggesting that inflammatory mediators exert diverse influences. Chronic exposure to agonistic acetylcholine receptor autoantibodies has been studied previously; the present work addressed mediators that signal through other G protein-coupled receptors. Acinus-like structures and reconstituted acinar epithelial monolayers from rabbit lacrimal glands were exposed to varying concentrations of histamine or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) for 20 hours. Net and vectorial beta-hexosaminidase secretion, cytosolic Ca(2+) (Ca(i)) elevation, apical recruitment of p150(Glued), actin microfilament meshwork organization, and ultrastructure were assessed. Histamine and 5-HT acutely stimulated beta-hexosaminidase secretion at lower, but not higher, concentrations. Neither of them acutely elevated Ca(i) levels. Both recruited p150(Glued) at concentrations that failed to induce secretion. Chronic exposure to 10 mM histamine inhibited carbachol (CCh)-induced beta-hexosaminidase secretion and prevented the formation of continuous monolayers; 1 mM 5-HT partially inhibited secretion at the apical medium. Neither altered secretion to the basal medium. Chronic exposure to histamine or 5-HT partially decreased CCh induced Ca(i) elevations and p150(Glued) recruitment, even at concentrations that did not inhibit secretion. Both expanded acinar lumina and thickened microfilament meshworks, and both caused homotypic fusion of secretory vesicles and formation of aqueous vacuoles in the apical and basal cytoplasm. Chronic exposure to forskolin, which activates adenylyl cyclase, induced similar cytopathologic changes but impaired secretion modestly and only at the highest concentration tested. Inflammatory mediators that signal through G protein-coupled receptors cause acinar cell cytopathology and dose-dependent reductions of CCh-induced beta-hexosaminidase secretion. Although agonistic acetylcholine receptor autoantibodies may cause pervasive functional quiescence, inflammatory mediators may cause varying degrees of exocrine dysfunction.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 04/2009; 50(7):3164-75. DOI:10.1167/iovs.08-2768 · 3.66 Impact Factor
Article: Microporous poly(L-lactic acid) membranes fabricated by polyethylene glycol solvent-cast/particulate leaching technique.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: With the eventual goal of developing a tissue-engineered tear secretory system, we found that primary lacrimal gland acinar cells grown on solid poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) supports expressed the best histiotypic morphology. However, to be able to perform vectorial transport functions, epithelia must be supported by a permeable substratum. In the present study, we describe the use of a solvent-cast/particulate leaching technique to fabricate microporous PLLA membranes (mpPLLAm) from PLLA/polyethylene glycol blends. Scanning electron microscopy revealed pores on both the air-cured ( approximately 4 microm) and glass-cured sides (<2 microm) of the mpPLLAm. Diffusion studies were performed with mpPLLAm fabricated from 57.1% PLLA/42.9% polyethylene glycol blends to confirm the presence of channelized pores. The data reveal that glucose, L-tryptophan, and dextran (a high molecular weight glucose polymer) readily permeate mpPLLAm. Diffusion of the immunoglobulin G through the mpPLLAm decreased with time, suggesting the possible adsorption and occlusion of the pores. Cells cultured on the mpPLLAm (57.1/42.9 wt%) grew to subconfluent monolayers but retained histiotypic morphological and physiological characteristics of lacrimal acinar cells in vivo. Our results suggest that mpPLLAm fabricated using this technique may be useful as a scaffold for a bioartificial lacrimal gland device.Tissue Engineering Part C Methods 02/2009; 15(3):463-74. DOI:10.1089/ten.tec.2008.0431 · 4.64 Impact Factor
Article: Autoimmune dacryoadenitis and keratoconjunctivitis induced in rabbits by subcutaneous injection of autologous lymphocytes activated ex vivo against lacrimal antigens.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), activated in a mixed cell reaction when co-cultured with purified rabbit lacrimal epithelial cells, are known to induce a Sjögren's-like autoimmune dacryoadenitis and keratoconjunctivitis when injected directly back into the donor animal's inferior lacrimal gland (LG). This study shows that autoreactive lymphocytes injected subcutaneously in a site away from the LG is capable of inducing an autoimmune disease in a rabbit. Induced disease (ID) develops more slowly, taking 4weeks as compared to 2weeks in the direct injection model. Initially, both clinical symptoms and histopathology are less pronounced than in the direct injection ID model, but later the immunocytochemistry shows the same CD4+/CD8+ ratio of 4:1 for both injection methods. The finding that lymphocytes activated against lacrimal antigens can travel or home from the injection site back to the inferior and superior LG, as well as the conjunctiva, suggests that these anatomical sites may have common epitopes that induce pathogenic CD4+ T cells that produce a Sjögren's-like syndrome.Journal of Autoimmunity 07/2008; 31(2):116-22. DOI:10.1016/j.jaut.2008.04.019 · 7.02 Impact Factor
Article: The class V myosin motor, myosin 5c, localizes to mature secretory vesicles and facilitates exocytosis in lacrimal acini[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: We investigated the role of the actin-based myosin motor, myosin 5c (Myo5c) in vesicle transport in exocrine secretion. Lacrimal gland acinar cells (LGAC) are the major source for the regulated secretion of proteins from the lacrimal gland into the tear film. Confocal fluorescence and immunogold electron microscopy revealed that Myo5c was associated with secretory vesicles in primary rabbit LGAC. Upon stimulation of secretion with the muscarinic agonist, carbachol, Myo5c was also detected in association with actin-coated fusion intermediates. Adenovirus-mediated expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) fused to the tail domain of Myo5c (Ad-GFP-Myo5c-tail) showed that this protein was localized to secretory vesicles. Furthermore, its expression induced a significant (P < or = 0.05) decrease in carbachol-stimulated release of two secretory vesicle content markers, secretory component and syncollin-GFP. Adenovirus-mediated expression of GFP appended to the full-length Myo5c (Ad-GFP-Myo5c-full) was used in parallel with adenovirus-mediated expression of GFP-Myo5c-tail in LGAC to compare various parameters of secretory vesicles labeled with either GFP-labeled protein in resting and stimulated LGAC. These studies revealed that the carbachol-stimulated increase in secretory vesicle diameter associated with compound fusion of secretory vesicles that was also exhibited by vesicles labeled with GFP-Myo5c-full was impaired in vesicles labeled with GFP-Myo5c-tail. A significant decrease in GFP labeling of actin-coated fusion intermediates was also seen in carbachol-stimulated LGAC transduced with GFP-Myo5c-tail relative to LGAC transduced with GFP-Myo5c-full. These results suggest that Myo5c participates in apical exocytosis of secretory vesicles.AJP Cell Physiology 07/2008; 295(1):C13-28. DOI:10.1152/ajpcell.00330.2007 · 3.67 Impact Factor
Article: Autoimmune dacryoadenitis and keratoconjunctivitis induced in rabbits by subcutaneous injection of autologous lymphocytes activated ex vivo against lacrimal antigens.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), activated in a mixed cell reaction when co-cultured with purified rabbit lacrimal epithelial cells, are known to induce a Sjögren's-like autoimmune dacryoadenitis and keratoconjunctivitis when injected directly back into the donor animal's inferior lacrimal gland (LG). This study shows that autoreactive lymphocytes injected subcutaneously in a site away from the LG is capable of inducing an autoimmune disease in a rabbit. Induced disease (ID) develops more slowly, taking 4weeks as compared to 2weeks in the direct injection model. Initially, both clinical symptoms and histopathology are less pronounced than in the direct injection ID model, but later the immunocytochemistry shows the same CD4+/CD8+ ratio of 4:1 for both injection methods. The finding that lymphocytes activated against lacrimal antigens can travel or home from the injection site back to the inferior and superior LG, as well as the conjunctiva, suggests that these anatomical sites may have common epitopes that induce pathogenic CD4+ T cells that produce a Sjögren's-like syndrome.Journal of Autoimmunity 07/2008; 31(2):116-22. DOI:10.1016/j.jaut.2008.04.019 · 7.02 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To develop a local approach to study rabbit lacrimal secretion in situ by administering specific secretagogues directly onto the lacrimal gland (LG). After the rabbit has been anesthetized, the inferior bulbar conjunctiva and underlying connective tissue are blunt dissected. A polyethylene tube, for drug delivery, is inserted through the fibrous membrane overlying the inferior surface of the orbital cavity beneath which the LG resides. Lacrimal fluid is collected by cannulating the lacrimal duct. Pilocarpine induced robust lacrimal fluid secretion from the LG that had been bathed with either pilocarpine or phenylephrine, with no detectable effect on the contralateral LG and salivary secretion. By next giving pilocarpine or phenylephrine to the control LG while the experimental gland used before served as control, we duplicated the results exactly. This novel approach avoids the unwanted systemic effects of intravenous injection and is a promising technique to study rabbit LG secretion in situ.Ophthalmic Research 02/2008; 40(1):49-52. DOI:10.1159/000111159 · 1.38 Impact Factor
Article: Traffic of endogenous, transduced, and endocytosed prolactin in rabbit lacrimal acinar cells.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The rabbit lacrimal gland undergoes an immunophysiological transformation during pregnancy, reminiscent of that of the mammary gland as it prepares to deliver secretory IgA into the nascent fluid product. The contents of TGF-beta and prolactin (PRL) within ductal epithelial cells increase, and their primary localizations shift from the apical to the basal cytoplasm, suggesting a transformation from exocrine to paracrine secretion. Studies with ex vivo acinar cell models demonstrated that elevated PRL suppresses traffic of secretory proteins into the regulated exocrine apparatus and directs them into a novel, induced, regulated paracrine apparatus [Wang, Y., Chiu, C.T., Nakamura, T., Walker, A.M., Petridou, B., Trousdale M.D., Hamm-Alvarez S.F., Schechter J.E., Mircheff A.K., 2007. Elevated prolactin redirects secretory vesicle traffic in rabbit lacrimal acinar cells. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 292, E1122-E1134]. However, it was not clear whether PRL itself entered the induced paracrine apparatus. In the present study, confocal immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that natively expressed PRL and over-expressed PRL co-localized with PRL receptors (PRLR); rab11, a marker for the recycling endosome; gamma-adaptin, a marker for the Golgi complex and trans-Golgi network; and rab7, a marker for the autophagic lysosomal apparatus. Natively expressed, over-expressed, and endocytosed PRL also co-localized with rab4 and rab5A, markers for the early endosome, and with rab3D, a marker for regulated exocrine secretory vesicles. Endocytosed PRL was stored in intact form and released in response to stimulation with carbachol. Subcellular fractionation analysis detected relative excesses of PRL over PRLR in fractions that contained fragments of the recycling endosome and fractions that contained both secretory vesicle fragments and prelysosomal and autolysosomal fragments. EM-gold microscopy demonstrated PRL within small vesicles, consistent with endosomes or secondary lysosomes, and in large vesicles, consistent with regulated secretory vesicles. The secretory vesicles were preponderantly localized in the apical cytoplasm of control cells, and in the basal cytoplasm of PRL over-expressing cells. These results indicate that when lacrimal epithelial cells synthesize PRL, and when they endocytose it from their ambient medium, they traffic it both into the endosomes that constitute the constitutive transcytotic paracrine apparatus and also into regulated secretory vesicles, which are associated with the exocrine apparatus at low PRL levels and with the induced paracrine apparatus at high PRL levels.Experimental Eye Research 01/2008; 85(6):749-61. DOI:10.1016/j.exer.2007.08.009 · 3.02 Impact Factor
Article: Transepithelial bioelectrical properties of rabbit acinar cell monolayers on polyester membrane scaffolds[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In our quest to develop a tissue-engineered tear secretory system, we have tried to demonstrate active transepithelial ion fluxes across rabbit lacrimal acinar cell monolayers on polyester membrane scaffolds to evaluate the bioelectrical properties of the cultured cells. Purified lacrimal gland acinar cells were seeded onto polyester membrane inserts and cultured to confluency. Morphological properties of the cell monolayers were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence staining for Na(+),K(+)-ATPase and the tight junction-associated protein occludin. Sections revealed cell monolayers with well-maintained epithelial cell polarity, i.e., presence of apical (AP) secretory granules, microvilli, and junctional complexes. Na(+),K(+)-ATPase was localized on both the basal-lateral and apical plasma membranes. The presence of tight cell junctions was demonstrated by a positive circumferential stain for occludin. Bioelectrical properties of the cell monolayers were studied in Ussing chambers under short-circuit conditions. Active ion fluxes were evaluated by inhibiting the short-circuit current (I(sc)) with a Na(+),K(+)-ATPase inhibitor, ouabain (100 microM; basal-lateral, BL), and under Cl(-)-free buffer conditions after carbachol stimulation (CCh; 100 microM). The directional apical secretion of Cl(-) was demonstrated through pharmacological analysis, using amiloride (1 mM; BL) and bumetanide (0.1 mM; BL), respectively. Regulated protein secretion was evaluated by measuring the beta-hexosaminidase catalytic activity in the AP culture medium in response to 100 microM basal CCh. In summary, rabbit lacrimal acinar cell monolayers generate a Cl(-)-dependent, ouabain-sensitive AP --> BL I(sc) in response to CCh, consistent with current models for Na(+)-dependent Cl(-) secretion.AJP Cell Physiology 10/2007; 293(4):C1412-9. DOI:10.1152/ajpcell.00200.2007 · 3.67 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: During pregnancy, lymphocytes infiltrating the rabbit lacrimal gland disperse to the interacinar space from their normal focal concentrations, basal fluid secretion decreases, pilocarpine-induced fluid secretion increases, and stimulated fluid protein concentration decreases. Ductal epithelial cell prolactin (PRL) content increases and redistributes from the apical to the basal-lateral cytoplasm. A replication-incompetent adenovirus vector for rabbit PRL (AdPRL) was used to test the hypothesis that increased intracrine/autocrine PRL signaling alters secretory protein traffic in an ex vivo lacrimal acinar cell model. AdPRL had no discernable influence on microtubules or actin microfilaments or their responses to carbachol (CCh). Endogenous and transduced PRLs exhibited similar, nonpolarized, punctate distributions. Cells secreted PRL consititutively and at increased rates in response to CCh. In contrast, constitutive secretion of beta-hexosaminidase was negligible, suggesting that the constitutive pathway for PRL is relatively inaccessible to typical secretory proteins. AdPRL had no significant effect on total secretion of beta-hexosaminidase or syncollin-green fluorescent protein (GFP), a chimeric secretory protein construct. However, it reversed the polarized distributions of vesicles containing rab3D and syncollin-GFP. Live-cell imaging indicated that AdPRL redirected CCh-dependent syncollin-GFP exocytosis from the apical plasma membrane to the basal-lateral membrane. Elevated concentrations of exogenous rabbit PRL in the ambient medium elicited similar changes. These observations suggest that elevated PRL, as occurs in the physiological hyperprolactinemia of pregnancy, induces lacrimal epithelial cells to express a mixed exocrine/endocrine phenotype that secretes fluid to the acinus-duct lumen but secretes proteins to the underlying tissue space. This phenotype may contribute to the pregnancy-associated immunoarchitecture.AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism 05/2007; 292(4):E1122-34. DOI:10.1152/ajpendo.00381.2006 · 4.09 Impact Factor
Article: Tissue-engineered tear secretory system: Functional lacrimal gland acinar cells cultured on matrix protein-coated substrata[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Dry eye is a general term that refers to a myriad of ophthalmic disorders resulting in the inadequate wetting of the corneal surface by the tear film. Dry eyes are typically treated by the application of artificial tears. However, patients with lacrimal insufficiencies such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, chemical and thermal injuries, or ocular cicatricial pemphigoid have very limited options because of the short duration and action of lubricating agents. As a therapeutic strategy, we are working to develop a bioengineered tear secretory system for such patients. This article describes the growth and physiological properties of purified rabbit lacrimal gland acinar cells (pLGACs) on several matrix protein-coated polymers such as silicone, collagen I, copolymers of poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA; 85:15 and 50:50), poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), and Thermanox plastic cell culture coverslips. Monolayers of acinar cells were established on all of the polymeric substrata. An assay of beta-hexosaminidase activity in the supernatant medium showed significant increases in protein secretion, following stimulation with 100 microM carbachol on matrix protein-coated and uncoated polymers such as silicone, PLGA 85:15, and PLLA. Our study demonstrates that PLLA supported the morphological and physiological properties of purified rabbit lacrimal gland epithelial cells more successfully than the others.Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B Applied Biomaterials 01/2007; 80(1):192-200. DOI:10.1002/jbm.b.30584 · 2.33 Impact Factor
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University of Southern California
Los Ángeles, California, United States
- • Department of Cell and Neurobiology
- • Department of Physiology and Biophysics
- • Doheny Eye Institute
- • Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- • Department of Medicine
- • Department of Biological Sciences
Ocular Surface CenterMiami, Florida, United States
Doheny Eye InstituteLos Angeles, California, United States
Keck School of Medicine USCLos Ángeles, California, United States
Emory UniversityAtlanta, Georgia, United States
University of California, RiversideRiverside, California, United States
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Ángeles, California, United States
- Department of Neurobiology
University of California, San DiegoSan Diego, California, United States
Salk Instituteلا هویا, California, United States
University of RochesterRochester, New York, United States


text:
When all you need to do replace is the inner cable, these genuine Campagnolo replacements will keep you going for many miles to come.
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Shimano SIS SP41 Outer Gear Cable - Colours
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Shimano Stainless Steel Inner Gear Cable
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Excellent quality; little stretch, hardly ever breaks. Too bad you can't solder the stainless steel wire to get a clean, fray-proof cut like the old galvanized steel wires.
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Please share: how much do you charge for classes and how much do you make annually?
I charge $50-150/couple for childbirth classes. I only teach a few times a year, so the income from that is negligible.
Midwife (CPM, LDM) and homeschooling mama to:
14yo ds 11yo dd 9yo ds and 7yo ds and 2yo ds
I teach at 2 different hospitals and make $30/hr.
Is the class a one-time thing? Or multiple sessions?
Is that per hour or per class?
Me 32, loving him 33, more each day. Rad boy, 7/12/10 & Cool gal 4/28/13
I'm a biracial, atheist, humanist, pacifist, anarchist, bibliophile, and educator.
I teach Birth Boot Camp classes, 10 sessions that are 2+ hours plus they get materials. I charge $300 per couple. It is comparable to other classes of the same length/depth in my geographical area. I think it's pretty standard. It's hard to get established depending on how big your birth community is and your connections. I've taught 2 series this year, a total of 3 couples. So I "made" $900. But most of that was gone to pay for the teaching space and marketing.
Rachael Heiner, BBCI
Mama to Sam, born in the hospital 5.2.2006 and Danny, born in my bathroom (surprise!) 5.10.2010
Ready, Set, Birth - Natural Childbirth Classes in Bellingham, WA
Born in Bellingham - Birth Stories and Pregnancy and Birth Resources for Bellingham & Whatcom County
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Report NEP-TUR-2010-01-23This is the archive for NEP-TUR, a report on new working papers in the area of Tourism Economics. Antonello Scorcu issued this report. It is usually issued weekly.
Subscribe to this report: email, RSS or Twitter.
Other reports in NEP-TUR
The following items were announced in this report:
- Asero, Vincenzo & Patti, Sebastiano, 2009. "From Wine Production to Wine Tourism Experience: The Case of Italy," Working Papers 56206, American Association of Wine Economists.
- E. Marrocu & R. Paci, 2009. "They arrive with new information. Tourism flows and production efficiency in the European regions," Working Paper CRENoS 200910, Centre for North South Economic Research, University of Cagliari and Sassari, Sardinia.
- Bruno S. Frey & Paolo Pamini, 2010. "World heritage: Where are we? An empirical analysis," IEW - Working Papers 462, Institute for Empirical Research in Economics - University of Zurich.
- Item repec:ags:ummeep:56404 is not listed on IDEAS anymore


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Chimney MastersRead MoreThe seasoned chimney sweeps at Chimney Masters have been clearing pipes and making fireplaces heat home more efficiently for nearly a decade. The team aware of the uniqueness that each fireplace possesses, teach customers how to properly and safely use their chimney. This knowledge reflects the care and thoroughness that goes into Chimney Masters' services. Not only does he clear away soot, debris, and creosote from flues, fireplaces, and chimneys, he also keeps home safe and ventilated by addressing situations and doling out advice?such as burning a certain type of wood?that can keep homes safe from fire hazards.Call Chimney MastersPleasanton, CA US
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36 year old man | Atlanta, GA, USA | Seeking women 23-35 within 50 miles
Living without regrets
I like you " IF you like Piña Colada and getting caught in the rain." Extra points for standing on the left in pictures. Not because the left is trendy, but because you ain't right. (Partner in Crime Needed) I are important at work... Don't ask me why I think it's a mistake so I keep a box by the door just in case I'm told to leave. I like to travel, meet new/interesting people, experience and learn new things. I'm a bit of a practical joker. I love to laugh and love to see people laugh.. Life is short, you have to enjoy it. I have no filter when I don't have to behave. I am Spartacus I like quotes I'm terrible with names I am Sam No I'm Steven, but I've been called worse. I like cereal in a bowl, not in my dating life--- (no nuts and flakes) If you accept this mission, drop me a line. This message will self destruct
Cooking , Museums and art , Music and concerts , Playing cards , Political interests , Travel/Sightseeing , Wine tasting
Basketball, Billiards / Pool, Golf, Martial arts, Swimming
I exercise 1-2 times per week.
I have Dogs
I have a yellow Lab, his name is Atlas and he's a goofball, but thats my boy so what are you gonna do.
Middle of the Road
Lanzarote Spain, Jamaica, Russian Federation and award show after parties, (part of one of the entities I work with).
University of Memphis, Memphis, TN
My nieces, they're smart and funny as heck. tinkering with new instruments, listening sessions with clients, horticulture, reading and good wine.
I like live music, hanging with friends, taking a camping trip and road trips when I don't have to drive...
Just read "Staring at the sun". Went through a tough time with a close friend and it help me put some things into prospective.
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What he is looking for
|5'9" (175cms)
|4'0" (121cms) to 6'0" (182cms)
|Body type:
|About average
|Slender, About average, Athletic and toned
|No preference
|No preference
|Cigar aficionado
|No Way, Occasionally, Daily, Cigar aficionado, Yes, but trying to quit
|Social Drinker
|Never, Social Drinker, Moderately
|Executive / Management
|Administrative / Secretarial, Artistic / Creative / Performance, Executive / Management, Financial / Accounting / Real Estate, Labor / Construction, Legal, Medical / Dental / Veterinary / Fitness, Political / Govt / Civil Service / Military, Retail / Food services, Retired, Sales / Marketing, Self-Employed / Entrepreneur, Student, Education / Teacher / Professor, Technical / Science / Computers / Engineering, Travel / Hospitality / Transportation, Other profession, Nonprofit / Volunteer / Activist, Law enforcement / Security / Military, Fashion / Model / Beauty, Architecture / Interior design
If I didn't do it on a daily basis, I wouldn't believe it.. That being said, we can talk about it should we meet.
|$100,001 to $150,000
|Less Than $25,000, $25,001 to $35,000, $35,001 to $50,000, $50,001 to $75,000, $75,001 to $100,000, $100,001 to $150,000, $150,001+
|Never Married, Widow / Widower, Currently Separated, Divorced
|Have kids:
|Yes, and they sometimes live at home, No, Yes, and they live away from home, Yes, and they live at home
|Wants kids:
|Definitely, Someday
|Black / African descent
|Asian, Black / African descent, East Indian, Latino / Hispanic, Middle Eastern, Native American, Pacific Islander, White / Caucasian, Other
Life is too short to limit myself to any specific stereotypes. If we can work, we can work.
|Agnostic, Atheist, Buddhist / Taoist, Christian / Catholic, Christian / LDS, Christian / Protestant, Hindu, Jewish, Muslim / Islam, Spiritual but not religious, Other, Christian / Other
Jewish in faith/practice for 2 decades(need to make it official), but I'm more a man of faith than a crusader of organized religion. Faith, I think, is beautiful. Organized Religion however,is often misused as a conduit for divisiveness and judgment
|Arabic, Chinese, Dutch, English, French, German, Hebrew, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Urdu, Other
|Some college
|High school, Some college, Associates degree, Bachelors degree, Graduate degree, PhD / Post Doctoral
I left college after 2 years for an amazing opportunity; however, I am the consummate student. I just finished an 4100 level HR class to work on the office infrastructure of a new merger.


text: Hi people my name is George i am going to say a little bit 'bout my life when i was 4 i had a car crash and almost died! my brain was bleeding badly and the ospital thought i was going to die, then my brother died of cancer on my birthday i woke up the minute he died!!! i was confused! When i started school i was bullied! I am nopw an adult and love life


text:
Onion Beef
24 Dec 2010
|Flank steak/Boneless chuck steak
|1 Pound, cut across the grain into thin slices
|For marinade:
|Soy sauce
|3 Tablespoon
|Scotch/Dry sherry
|3 Tablespoon
|Grated fresh ginger
|1 Teaspoon
|1 Teaspoon
|Sesame oil
|1 Tablespoon
|Hot bean sauce/Red chili and garlic paste
|1 Teaspoon
|Barbecue sauce
|1 Tablespoon, bottled
|For cooking:
|Peanut oil
|3 Tablespoon
|2 Clove (10 gm), crushed
|1 , cut julienne
|Green onions
|2 Bunch (200 gm), cut lengthwise once, then into 1-inch pieces
|Freshly ground black pepper
|1⁄2 Teaspoon (Or To Taste)
Mix all of the ingredients for the marinade together.
Add the meat and allow it to marinate for 1 hour.
Heat a wok or large frying pan.
Add the oil and the garlic.
Toss for a few seconds and add the carrots.
Stir-fry until they are tender.
Remove from the wok and add the beef, drained of the marinade.
Toss for a few moments over very high heat.
When the meat is tender, add the green onions.
Toss for a moment and add the carrots and pepper.
Choose a few other dishes from the Chinese section, such as Glass Noodles with Pork and Shrimp.
Rate It
0 Comments
Onion Beef Recipe


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45 year old man | Los Angeles, CA, USA | Seeking women 30-47 within 500 miles of Danville, CA
Active within 24 hours
Substance, Depth, and Transparency...
*I'm a multi-dimensional guy, with an animated, extraverted, fun, enthusiastic, charming personality, & friendly demeanor. Often the life of the party, entertaining friends with my antics & classic stories, people mistakenly assume that my charismatic persona is omnipresent--that I'm always "on"; I also have an introverted, "laid back" side that's very contemplative, nostalgic, & profoundly philosophical. My sense of humor has elements of Jim Carrey, Vince Vaughn, and Chevy Chase, so I can be a serious goofball at times-but you'll love it. I can't wait to crack YOU up! I love FOOD (sometimes 'almost' more than sex)! Every so often on Sat/Sun, I wake up at the of noon', close the blinds & watch DVD?s all day while taking intermittent catnaps-I need my decompression time to recharge, though it'd be much more fun rolling around the covers w/you! Women say my lips are one of my best physical features-Full, Soft & Kissable. Fortunately for you, I know how to use 'em. It took me a long time to be able to admit this: I finally know who I am & I'm unafraid to give myself completely to a DESERVING woman. My main goal now is finding the love of my life, then building a happy, fulfilling, healthy, intimate, enduring relationship, leading to our creating a family together in a gorgeous home, replete w/ beautiful kids (Know what the best thing about kids is? Making 'em), dogs & all the amenities that make life sweeter--you know, the stuff dreams are made of! I always strive to improve myself: I'm mindful of my personal growth & often look myself in the mirror to identify areas that I'm most proud, & those needing improvement. This humility allows for my becoming the best man possible. I've lived a full life until now & have taken chances & pursuits that most merely dream about. Passionate about life to a spiritual extent, I'm perhaps the most dynamic, insightful, & REAL person you may EVER meet in your lifetime. I thank the tribulations & excruciatingly painful experiences I've endured--some of which I never thought I'd survive--for this clarity I now have. This is heavy & intense, I know. News flash: So is life! Simply put, I approach life like I do writing this very profile: By putting my heart & soul into it. Given what's at stake here, would YOU expect anything less? I've transcended emotional, spiritual & psychological barriers to develop a deep self-awareness & acceptance; hence, I can truly love a woman for all SHE is, unconditionally. I stand ready to love--and be loved by--one remarkable woman, forever.*I seek a mature woman that recognizes & embraces all my positive, & rare, attributes and strengths. She accepts and appreciates me, frailties and all. Her eyes are on the big picture- she focuses on the mile, not the inch. Once she comprehends the totality of who I am & all that I offer her, she loves me wholly & wouldn't DREAM of letting me go. Emotionally stable, she draws close to me to work through problems TOGETHER & is cognizant that relationships take work & steadfast commitment. I can always count on her to be my best friend. She wouldn't EVER turn "cold" on me emotionally or turn her back on me; instead, she "has my back", as I would have hers. She is, as I am: Loving, spiritual (believes in/trusts our Heavenly Father & Jesus Christ--the creator of the Universe!), genuine, supportive, romantic, soulful, sexy, sensual, physically attractive, rational, empathic, compassionate, giving, loyal, intellectual, intelligent, politically conservative, fun, playful, communicative, & caring. She both knows & is ready to share herself with me, completely. *My promise to you: If you are who I pray you'll be, you capture my heart, & we grow to trust each other consummately--we WILL have a love that astounds...
Alumni connections , Camping , Coffee and conversation , Cooking , Dining out , Movies/Videos , Museums and art , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Nightclubs/Dancing , Performing arts , Playing cards , Religion/Spiritual , Travel/Sightseeing , Volunteering , Watching sports , Wine tasting
Baseball, Basketball, Bowling, Cycling, Dancing, Football, Golf, Other types of exercise, Skiing, Swimming, Walking / Hiking, Weights / Machines
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
I don't believe in astrology
I have Cats, Dogs
I have 2 dogs: 5-yr-old, Sofie, a 7 lb. Chihuahua-Pug mix & a 4-yr-old, Amie, an Italian Greyhound/Chihuahua mix. My cat's name is Callie; she actually plays with the dogs. My animals make life so much more fulfilling, and I love making them happy.
L.A. nightlife; Napa excursions; Hawaii & cruises; Weekenders 2 Vegas, Tahoe, etc. Look, if we 'hit it off', the question'll be: What AREN'T we going to do? "We'll have so much fun, u'll be whistling zip-a-dee-doo-da out of your as^*h#le-Chevy Chase
University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
Music: Alternative/Rock, 70's-80's; Band: STP; Smell: Wood burning fireplaces in the mtns.; Color: Blue; T.V. Show: Cheers; Movies: Dumb & Dumber (hilarious) & Goodfellas; Sounds: Wind chimes & crickets; Sexual position-? :); Junk food: Pizza/Fries
Being 'Uncle Scotty': Taking my nephews to the Zoo/Disneyland; Walking my puppies on the beach; Dining at ethnic spots; Concerts; Movies; BBQ's; Texas Hold 'em poker; Stimulating, deep talks w/ my special woman at romantic locales; even Costco runs!
Michael Savage-"Liberalism is a Mental Disorder" re the absurdity and irrationality of liberal ideology; Entrepreneur Magazine; Power of Positive Thinking, Norman Vincent Peale; An article I wrote for a business journal; Quite possibly, your profile!
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What he is looking for
|6'3" (190cms)
|4'11" (149cms) to 6'0" (182cms)
|Body type:
|Athletic and toned
|Slender, Curvy, Athletic and toned
|Black, Blue, Brown, Grey, Green, Hazel
|Auburn / Red, Black, Light brown, Dark brown, Blonde, Dark blonde, Platinum
|Cigar aficionado
|No Way, Occasionally, Cigar aficionado
|Social Drinker
|Never, Social Drinker, Regularly
|Sales / Marketing
|Administrative / Secretarial, Artistic / Creative / Performance, Executive / Management, Financial / Accounting / Real Estate, Legal, Medical / Dental / Veterinary / Fitness, Political / Govt / Civil Service / Military, Retail / Food services, Sales / Marketing, Self-Employed / Entrepreneur, Student, Technical / Science / Computers / Engineering, Travel / Hospitality / Transportation, Other profession, Nonprofit / Volunteer / Activist, Architecture / Interior design
I'm Vice President of Sales & Business Development for a rapidly-expanding Los Angeles-based logistics firm.
|I'll tell you later
|$35,001 to $50,000, $50,001 to $75,000, $75,001 to $100,000, $100,001 to $150,000, $150,001+
|Never Married, Widow / Widower, Divorced
|Have kids:
|Yes, and they sometimes live at home, No, Yes, and they live away from home, Yes, and they live at home
|Wants kids:
|Definitely, Someday
|White / Caucasian
|Asian, East Indian, Latino / Hispanic, Middle Eastern, Native American, Pacific Islander, White / Caucasian, Other
I'm an American-American. Period. Enough of this PC nonsense of, "Mexican this, African that, Asian..." Look, you're either an American or not. Get it? I'm proud of being a White, European, Christian, Heterosexual male--but simply AMERICAN will do.
|Christian / Other
|Christian / Catholic, Christian / Protestant, Christian / Other
Until age 25 I was agnostic. I arrogantly thought I had all the answers. One day, in my darkest hour, God revealed himself to me & I accepted Christ on my knees. Eternity is a long, long, time; I take comfort knowing where I'm going to spend it...
|Chinese, Dutch, English, French, German, Hebrew, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Norwegian, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog
|Bachelors degree
|Some college, Associates degree, Bachelors degree, Graduate degree, PhD / Post Doctoral
I hold a B.S. degree in Business Administration from the Haas School of Business at the University of California, Berkeley; Magna Cum Laude; Founded & ran 2 businesses as an entrepreneur in my 20's


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All Results for Callway
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- Rhode Island Freemen, 1747 - 1755: A Census of Registered Voters (1)
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- 383Promote
Stationery Cards
Fogged Horseby Kevin Russ
Set of folded stationery cards printed on bright white, smooth card stock to bring your personal artistic style to everyday correspondence. Each card is blank on the inside and includes a soft white, European fold envelope for mailing.
cool :) S.
love it!
Truly beautiful!
Awesome! In fact, all your photographs are! Following :)
absolutely beautiful..
wow, what a beauty!
Front page! Nice work Kevin.
Looks fabulous in every format, Kevin!
So pretty and mysterious!
LOVE it
Love this!
love the image
Oh Yeah! ✯ ✯ ✯ ✯ ✯ 👍
An other great picture ;)
man you take some bullshit good photos!
You are a national treasure! I am so honored to be on this site in your company!
Very beautiful
A dreamy image ... gorgeous!
Awsome, you have a instragam account?
Amazing photo
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text:
Philadelphia Union
Quick GIF flashback to the last time the Crew visited PPL Park
Fri, 10/10/2014
Curtin urging club to take of the little things in tight playoff chase
Thu, 10/09/2014
Mbolhi, Algeria take on Malawi in AFCON qualifying, Oct. 11-15
Tue, 10/07/2014
Philadelphia Union Communications
USWNT head coach Jill Ellis talks group that could visit PPL Park
Tue, 10/07/2014
Philadelphia Union Communications
Current look at what it takes to find the Union in the playoffs
Tue, 10/07/2014
Philadelphia Union Communications
After Thursday's draw with Fire, a look at Union's playoff chances
Fri, 10/03/2014
Philadelphia Union Communications
Defender Okugo scores, but late Fire equalizer steals three points
Thu, 10/02/2014
The story of Thursday's match told by YOU our supporters!
Thu, 10/02/2014
Looking at the numbers, matchups and more in a #playoffpush
Wed, 10/01/2014
Philadelphia Union Communications
Putting Fire on ice main mindset for Union (8 p.m., ESPN2)
Wed, 10/01/2014
Three of the last four are at PPL Park. Which bodes very well...
Mon, 09/29/2014
Shaking off Saturday, Union focused on chasing playoffs vs. Fire
Mon, 09/29/2014
Chances aplenty, but Union charge stymied by rival D.C. United
Sat, 09/27/2014
Regardless of role, leave it to Union's Amobi Okugo to thrive
Fri, 09/26/2014
Union want rival United in rear view on Saturday (3 p.m., NBCSN)
Fri, 09/26/2014


text:
1990 Nissan Skyline GT-R, Already in California !! Good condition, running well. RB26 engine. ... More
1990 Nissan 300ZX Coupe T-Top, 3.0L V6 FI SOHC, 5 Speed, White Winter Frost Pearl with Black Leather Interior, Leather Seats, Daytime Running Lights... More
This 1990 Nissan 240SX SE is for sale in our Louisville Showroom. A replacement for the 200SX the Nissan 240SX was introduced in 1989... More
Passing Lane Motors, LLC, St. Louis's Premier Classic Car Dealer, is pleased to offer this 1991 Nissan 300ZX Twin Turbo for sale! Highlights Include: 3.0L V6... More
This Cherry Red Pearl (official color name) 300ZX looks like its a one year old car. This is the 300ZX Convertible for the collector or... More
As seen in "The Fast and The Furious" ENGINE: Stillen/Vortech Supercharger kit (231 fwhp) Stillen Downpipe Stillen Custom Exhaust Stillen Air Intake RACTive muffler... More
1990 Nissan 300 ZX, 2 Seater, Glass Tops, Pearl White with tan & Suede interior, Auto, Cold AC, PW, PS, PB, P Mirrors, CD.... More
NISSAN: 1990 300ZX Twin Turbo, T-tops, 25,000 original miles, silver charcoal interior, new tires, chrome wheels, mint, $18,900. 716-861-0054, 716-662-3380, NY.... More


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Latin America: Growth slowing but unemployment at historic lows
Even as the region's growth slows in line with global trends, some countries are ahead of the pack.Peru and Panama will grow 6-8 percent on a par with Asian economies. Uruguay, Chile and Colombia have... Show More +
Is Latin America's Financial Sector on a Strong Footing?
NEW YORK, November 29, 2011- While the economic crisis relentlessly ravages Europe and the United States, Latin American countries anxiously wait on the sidelines. The crisis could dampen the regional... Show More +
Insuring Against Natural Disaster Risk: New Catastrophe Bond Issuance Platform
October 28, 2009—Over the past decade, there has been an increase in the intensity and damage caused by natural disasters worldwide. Natural disasters do not distinguish between developed and developing... Show More +
World Bank Lowers Remittances Forecast for 2009 as Financial Crisis Deepens
March 24, 2009—Unemployment in Calfa, Moldova, is high. The few jobs available pay little, and government pensions are as low as $10 dollars a month. The money that flows back from those who left, most... Show More +


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Book Search
Economic Development and Post Conflict Reconstruction
Series: Routledge Studies in Defence and Peace Economics
Economic development has emerged as a primary aspect of post conflict reconstruction, stabilization, and peace building efforts. However, the tools necessary for economic development in the after math of conflicts differ substantially from those of traditional economic development. Insights need to...
To Be Published June 1st 2016 by Routledge
Military Health Care
From Pre-Deployment to Post-Separation
Series: Cass Military Studies
This edited volume surveys critical aspects of modern military health care in the US and various other Western countries with troops in Iraq and Afghanistan. In the United States, the military medical system, including care for veterans, is large and diverse and involves two institutions, the US...
Published March 13th 2013 by Routledge