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Four Clark County elected officials say they are dubious of Clark County commissioners' proposed plan to expand cuts to county development fees.
Republican Auditor Greg Kimsey, Democratic Treasurer Doug Lasher and Republican Assessor Peter Van Nortwick each expressed concerns at Wednesday's board time meeting with commissioners.
John Fairgrieve, chief deputy to Democratic Prosecuting Attorney Tony Golik, also spoke of concerns his office has in the matter.
Commissioners are preparing to consider a plan to reduce several development fees for business developments as long as the county's unemployment rate was above the state's level, where it has been since 2000.
The plan is a major part of first-term Republican Commissioner David Madore's campaign promise to "open the floodgates" of jobs in Clark County.
The basics of the plan are to remove traffic impact and permit fees for non-residential county developments so long as Clark County lags behind the state average in jobs. But nothing in the plan is yet concrete as the plan moves to public hearing on June 11, and all three commissioners have made it clear they intend to introduce amendments to the proposal at that time.
Still, other elected officials say they have concerns over even the basics of such a plan.
The three elected officials who spoke to commissioners, along with Fairgrieve, each said they were concerned with the impact such a move would have to the county's budget.
Fairgrieve said Golik had expressed concern that the plan will "result in a deficit situation," when it comes to future budgeting. He added that the budgeting process is already in an austere state.
Lasher asked how many jobs the county expects to be created because of the plan. When Madore said he was unsure, Lasher stated it appeared there remained "a lot of hypotheticals."
Kimsey then said a model being worked up by the county's budget office was based on how many jobs would need to be created to sustain the plan.
"It was simply a mathematical exercise that said, 'How many jobs do we have to create … to, in effect, pay off this fee waiver?'" Kimsey said.
The bottom line, Madore said, is that the county doesn't know how many jobs the plan will create.
Madore said the fee waiver will work as type of experiment and give the commissioners data with which to consider the success of the program. He also said that if the experiment fails, they would likely remove the waiver at a future date, a plan Mielke agreed with.
"If we end up five, six, seven, eight, 10 months, whatever down the road, we'll be watching this, and we'll be able to gauge all along if we're succeeding or we're not succeeding," Madore said. "And we can change that. We can say 'Well, I guess the experiment failed, we can stop that,' or, 'This is a very successful venture,' and all the other counties in the state will want to know, 'How did you turn Clark County around?'"
Mielke also defended the plan, calling the move "a carrot" to bring out folks in the county who wished to start a business but were short of startup cash.
Still, the elected officials expressed further trepidation over the plan.
Van Nortwick said he was worried of the county's image if it reduces fees to nothing.
"I'm kind of concerned with what kind of a message we're looking to send," Van Nortwick said.
"I guess what I'm saying is, when you go and put your prices at zero, the kind of message you are sending out there (is) you don't truly believe in your product," Van Nortwick said. "Typically, when you are out in the market, you don't set your price down to zero unless you don't have a good product."
Van Nortwick said those looking for low costs would be looking for "South Dakota or Mississippi" rather than Clark County, and he worried the message implied the county would no longer invest in infrastructure for the county.
Madore said the county will continue to be able to invest in its roads and other infrastructure based on an increased tax base if the plan is successful. He also said traffic impact fees will not be waived for residential developments.
That prompted Kimsey to pepper the commissioners with questions on what success looks like, what information would be used in the measurement, and how many jobs would need to be created to mark success.
After commissioners said they would still need to work up a way to measure success, Kimsey expressed concern.
"I'm not hearing that it's really been very well thought out," he said to commissioners.
Kimsey previously came out against the plan at a May 7 meeting, saying he had seen no evidence to suggest the plan would benefit the county.
Kimsey said on Wednesday that beyond jobs, the commissioners need to consider revenues to the county.
"You have linked this resolution to the impact on the county, back to increased sales tax revenues," Kimsey said. "So, I would hope that a core part of your measure of success is going to be based on sales tax revenues coming to the county, and sales tax revenues coming to the county that are in excess of what the budget office … has currently forecasted going forward."
Van Nortwick also said the county should consider differentiating between created jobs and "jobs that would have come anyway."
Van Nortwick added that if the experiment fails, he believes commissioners must find a way to make cuts or they will simply shift the cost to another fund.
"If one person pays less, someone else is paying more to make up," Van Nortwick said. "It's always a matter of shifting who is paying. So unless there is an actual reduction in costs of Clark County government, reducing the fees is just shifting the fees on to some other fee payer or taxpayer."
Erik Hidle: 360-735-4547; http://twitter.com/col_clarkgov;email@example.com


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(PRWEB) August 04, 2014
The new uniblue.com showcases a complete overhaul in the original website's design and content, with emphasis on the Uniblue user experience. Apart from being easier on the eyes, the new Uniblue website is faster, more responsive, and simpler to use, something that ought to please the company's loyal user base.
The website hosts a variety of new pages for users to discover, as well as a revamp of pages which Uniblue website visitors are already familiar with. Users will spot a new Mac® section featuring Uniblue's first product for Mac devices - the OS X® cleaner Machanic. Potential partners can delve into the website to discover more about working with Uniblue, as well as our existing partnerships.
Get to know Uniblue's history, the technology behind its products, the company's long relationship with Microsoft®, and what it is like working there from an employee point-of-view, this all through the dedicated About Us section of the website. Another section to discover is the new Support page, which has made the Uniblue Customer Support Team more accessible than ever.
All of this – and more – can be viewed on the new website, which is live. Go to http://www.uniblue.com to find out more.


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6 Reasons Designers Should Learn Mobile App Design
Mobile is a revolution and the extensive use of apps for everything – ranging from playing games to business; from utilities to even reading – has been unprecedented. According to Snaphop, which alludes to research statistics from Business Insider, there were roughly 835 million smartphone users in the year 2011. By the year 2015, global […]Read More
17 Google Tools Useful for SEOs and Webmasters
Today it's hard to imagine the Internet space without Google. Thanks to it, users can find almost any information with little effort. The most important thing is to formulate your request properly. In addition to the usual search Google offers its users several services that can be useful for different purposes. Currently more than 70 […]Read More
Mobile Social Media: Opening Up a New Horizon
At present, it is the era of social media. Social media is now being used to promote businesses and raise awareness about various matters which are in public interest. Social media marketing is a new and path breaking effort in the field of marketing that is being used both by startups and big businesses. Now […]Read More
Why You Need Dedicated Social Media Personnel
If your company or business uses Social Media to advertise, market and brand your business you might already know how powerful and persuasive it can be. Sites like FaceBook, Twitter, Pinterest, Tumblr and the rest (and boy are there a lot of them) can increase your company's visibility and, of course, its revenue. If you […]Read More
How Pay Per Click Management Can Be Effectively Used In Ecommerce
On certain occasions, handling a PPC or pay per click campaign for an e-commerce website might turn out to be difficult. E-commerce advertisement companies often face plenty of hardship in the paid search domain when they are trying to maintain everything in order. The problem gets aggravated for companies that don't have a flexible and […]Read More
8 Other Types of Content You Can't Go Wrong With
Content marketing isn't just about blogs and articles. There are various ways to repurpose your content, reproduce existing content in various other forms, and even publish content specifically geared for various channels and opportunities available. Of course it's hard work but every minute and bead of sweat shed is well worth it. Here are 8 […]Read More
Does Google Have A Record On You? How to Protect Yourself!
If you are using any of Google's products, then Google might have a dossier on you. But the question is who doesn't? Many people are uncomfortable with the amount of information Google gathers and stores on its users. With the recent privacy rules update, Google now has the right to record users' actions across all […]Read More
3 Ways to Small Businesses Can Capitalize on the Pinterest Craze
Social media is increasingly used by businesses to promote products and serve customers on another level never before imagined. While today, Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn are the most popular networks for growing a brand, Pinterest is slowly but surely becoming a force that can no longer be ignored. Pinterest is all about eye candy. The […]Read More


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The KTM300 Thread
View Single Post
Scone Rider
Joined: Sep 2005
Location: Fort Collins
Oddometer: 9,595
Originally Posted by
My 13 TE300 has been annoying me lately. Aside from the fact that i love the damn thing to death and it far surpasses my riding abilities but is gentle enough to not try to kill me for it. But the e start has been kaputt since 10 hours in (at 30 now) and it seems that my countershaft seal has been leaking this whole time. As far as i can tell, the bendix is what needs to be replaced, but i hesitate handig over the money for a replacement if it's just going to break again. How KTM managed to screw up a bendox design is beyond me. As far as the cs seal, i dunno. Probably should expect to replace this a lot eh?
Sent from my Tandy 1000 mobile using DOS
That is a common problem. It is usually the oring placed under the steel bushing. Be very careful that there is absolutely no dirt in there when you put a new oring in.
We don't stop riding because we get old, we get old because we stop riding.
"Wisdom is knowing what to do next, Skill is knowing how to do it, and Virtue is doing it"
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A condiment, usually made from chili
BUY HERE Ingredients: water, tomatoes, jalapeno peppers, sugar, sweet onion, garlic, salt, distilled vinegar, lemon juice, ground black pepper, spice, corn starch. Heat Level: … see full wiki
A condiment, usually made from chili
A hot sauce by Blue's.
Cholula Hot Sauce is the The Flavorful Fire that's perfect f …
A brand of hot sauce made from tabasco peppers.


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1 in 6 adults lacks basic skills
One in six U.S. adults lacks basic literacy and numeracy skills, according to an international survey by the OECD.
We "have a pretty good handle on what works," writes Mary Alice McCarthy on EdCentral. Integrating literacy and numeracy instruction into job training has proven effective, as shown by Washington's I-BEST program.
However, federal policy now denies aid to high school dropouts seeking college job training. Until the law changed in 2012, dropouts could qualify for aid if they showed an "ability to benefit" by passing a basic skills assessment or earning six postsecondary academic credits.
This enabled community colleges to offer integrated education and training programs (like the widely-touted I-BEST) to millions of adults who could not afford college and lacked a high school credential, many of them immigrants and/or working adults. Despite evidence from a federally-funded experiment that adults who earned six credits were just as likely to complete their postsecondary program of study as students entering with a high school credential, this option was eliminated for students in 2012.
In addition, key workforce training programs have lost more than $1 billion—more than 30 percent – in federal funding since 2010.
'Ability to benefit' aid could be restored
High school dropouts with college-ready skills lost access to federal student aid in 2012. Now there's bipartisan support for restoring "ability to benefit" (ATB) aid for students in "career pathways," reports Inside Higher Ed.
Two years ago, Congress wanted to cut Pell spending and "Democrats wanted to crack down on for-profits," which enrolled many ATB students. Community colleges, which also enrolled ex-dropouts, didn't have the political clout to protect ability-to-benefit aid, notes Inside Higher Ed. "Some observers said other higher education associations didn't lend much support to their cause."
Much of the impact of the end of ability to benefit was felt in California, according to the state's community college system. The year before the cut, about 19,000 California community college students without a high school credential sought federal financial aid, according to a 2013 written statement from the system and the California Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators.
"Economizing by closing the door on the neediest individuals who stand to gain the most from some career-specific postsecondary training just does not make policy, political or economic sense," according to the statement.
Lawmakers should restore the aid, but limit the program to schools with a good track record, writes Stephen Burd on EdCentral.
While the ATB program benefited many students, it also experienced substantial controversy. In 2009, the Government Accountability Office (GAO), for example, conducted an undercover investigation at a publicly-traded for-profit college and found that the school was helping prospective students cheat on the ATB exam, presumably to pump up its enrollment numbers and collect more federal student aid funds. Test administrators gave the students answers to some of the questions. They also tampered with the test forms – crossing out wrong answers and replacing them with the right ones – to ensure that students passed.
Limiting ATB to schools that meet accountability metrics and have a cohort default rate under 15 percent would prevent abuse, advises the New America Foundation. And it would provide a second chance to people who desperately need more education to earn a living, concludes Burd.
Feds will fund adult ed, job training mix
C.J. Forza, an I-BEST student, is learning auto mechanics at Shoreline Community College near Seattle.
The new workforce bill will make it easier for community colleges to teach basic skills and job skills at the same time, writes Mary Alice McCarthy on EdCentral.
Under the original law, adult education funds could only be used to pay for instruction in basic math and literacy skills leading to the attainment of a high school credential. The funds could not pay for job training. Adult education students had to complete their basic education program before they could even qualify for programs teaching postsecondary job skills, even though the desire to gain skills and credentials for work is probably what brought them to the adult education program in the first place. Not surprisingly, many individuals failed to complete their basic skills program, leaving them without a high school credential or job skills.
Washington state's I-BEST program has proven successful by putting an adult ed teacher and a job trainer in the same classroom. Students can improve their reading and math skills and work toward a GED while earning an industry-recognized vocational credential. Integrating basic skills instruction with job training increases motivation and persistence, writes McCarthy. "The program has become a national model and has been adopted by states and community colleges across the country."
But funding has been a problem because of the federal ban on using adult education funds to pay faculty teaching the technical skills. Until 2012, dropouts could qualify for federal aid under the "Ability to Benefit" (ATB) provision, if they could demonstrate the ability to do college-level work by completing six credit hours. But Congress removed the Ability to Benefit provision two years ago, making it hard for low-skilled adults to access job training.
The new workforce law "is moving toward providing greater flexibility to providers of integrated programs for low-skilled adults," writes McCarthy. However, the adult ed budget is just over $600 million, far too little to meet the need. If ATB isn't restored, most of the nation's 36 million low-skilled adults will not be able to improve their reading, writing or job skills.
GED + job training = motivation
Louisiana has shifted adult basic education from high schools to community colleges: Unemployed and underemployed adults can train for skilled jobs while studying for a GED through the Louisiana Community and Technical College System's (LCTCS) Work Ready U, reports Community College Times.
Most Work Ready U students are training for jobs in construction trades and welding or health care jobs, such as nursing assistants, phlebotomists and pharmacy technicians.
Delgado Community College (DCC) now has 2,500 students in adult basic education, compared to 500 in 2007-08. DCC is one of 10 Louisiana community colleges in Jobs for the Future's Accelerating Opportunity program. "There is no reason why a student should need a GED before they start on a career pathway," said Barbara Endel, national project director for Accelerating Opportunity.
Traditional adult ed courses didn't provide enough structure and support, said LCTCS Chancellor Joe May.
When ABE was administered by the K-12 education system, it was run on an "open-entry, open-exit approach," May said. That didn't work so well with people who had dropped out of school, so there were high attrition rates.
. . . Work Ready U programs limit the number of people who come in at any one time and provide extra counseling and social services. Also, switching GED courses to community colleges allowed for more flexible scheduling, including evening hours, which are more convenient for adults with families and jobs.
"Pushing someone to get a GED requires a ton of effort, particularly for adults with families," said DCC Chancellor Monty Sullivan. However, it's worth the effort. More Work Ready U students are enrolling in credit-bearing courses. On average, they are less likely to drop out than regular students.
Last year Congress dropped Pell Grant eligibility for high school dropouts who passed an "ability-to-benefit" test. To keep Work Ready U on track, DCC turned to foundations to fund tuition aid.
Protecting Pell leads ACCT priorities
Maintaining Pell Grants and restoring Pell eligibility for "ability to benefit" (no high school diploma or GED) students seeking job training lead the Association of Community College Trustees' top legislative priorities for 2013, the National Legislative Summit decided.
To help students train for skilled jobs, the ACCT called for preserving the Community College and Career Training Grant Program (TAACCCT), the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act and the Workforce Investment Act.
Investments in direct institutional aid to colleges that serve disproportionate numbers of minority, low-income and first-generation college students are critical. Congress should continue its support for the Strengthening Institutions, Developing Hispanic Serving Institutions (HSIs), Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions, Tribal Colleges, and Predominately Black Institutions (PBIs) programs.
ACCT also endorsed the National Science Foundation's Advanced Technological Education (ATE) program, which supports science, engineering and math programs at community colleges. "Programs are developed in conjunction with businesses in nanotechnology, alternative energy, advanced manufacturing, and many other critical fields."
'Ability to benefit' students lose federal aid
College doors will shut for the neediest students on July 1, when federal aid is cut to would-be students who lack a high school diploma or GED. Currently, these students can take a basic skills test to prove their "ability to benefit" from college classes or successfully complete six credits. The new federal budget cuts off aid to these students to save Pell Grant money, notes Inside Higher Ed.
College administrators say they worry the new policy will shut out older students seeking training to find a new job, immigrants, and students in states where money for basic adult education has been cut in budget crises.
Either those students will turn to riskier private loans, they say, or — more likely — they'll just give up on pursuing higher education.
Community colleges and for-profit colleges enroll the most "ability to benefit" students, though the total amounts to only 1 percent of the community college population. The new policy "runs counter to the missions of many of our colleges," said David Baime, vice president for government relations at the American Association of Community Colleges.
Only a third of high school dropouts without a GED earned a college credential in six years, according to a study by the National Center for Education Statistics. That's no worse than students who'd completed a GED.
"Ability to benefit" students are more likely to default on student loans. As a result two major for-profit educators, Kaplan and Corinthian Colleges, no longer enroll "ability to benefit" students.
GOP bill would limit Pell eligibility
The House Republicans' omnibus spending bill keeps the maximum Pell Grant at $5,550 for fiscal 2012, but limits Pell eligibility to cut costs, reports Community College Times.
Under the bill, students without a high school diploma, GED or homeschooling certification could not qualify for student aid by passing an "ability-to-benefit" (ATB) test showing they can do college-level work. Graduation rates are poor for ATB students. The change would affect 1 percent of community college students and 3 percent of students at for-profit institutions.
In addition, students could collect grants for only 12 semesters or six years, down from 18 semesters. Although that will affect some part-time students, it's a very modest proposal compared to an earlier idea that was rejected: Limit Pell Grants to full-time students to raise graduation rates.
Currently, a student automatically receives the maximum Pell grant with family income of $30,000 or less. That would be cut to $23,000.
Overall, the changes would trim $11 billion over 10 years, according to an outline of the bill from House Republicans, which noted the "common-sense reforms" would ensure the program's financial stability.
The bill also proposes small cuts in job training programs, except for the Veterans Employment and Training Services program, which would receive a small increase.
For-profits cut off low-skilled applicants
With many students defaulting on federal loans, two for-profit educators, Corinthian Colleges and Kaplan will deny enrollment to high school drop-outs who pass a basic-skills test known as an "ability to benefit" test, reports the Chronicle of Higher Education.
Kaplan discontinued the tests last year at some institutions citing poor student performance. Corinthian announced it will drop the tests because "ability to benefit" students default on their loans at twice the rate of other students.
Starting in 2014, "the Education Department will hold colleges accountable for defaults of student cohorts for three years after the students graduate or leave college, a year longer than under current law," reports the Chronicle of Higher Education.
About 15 percent of Corinthian's students in the last academic year used the ability-to-benefit test. The company, which operates more than 100 campuses across North America, estimates it will lose 16,000 potential students and about $120-million in the next fiscal year as a result of this decision, but it will also lose the risk of higher default rates those students would bring. The 15-percent enrollment of ability-to-benefit students was a decrease from 24 percent the previous year, credited to a greater focus on default management at Corinthian, as well as the growth of its online division, which does not enroll such students.
If colleges can't help ability-to-benefit students succeed, it's not far to load them up with debt, said Deborah Cochrane, program director at the Institute for College Access and Success.
Last year, a GAO report found "testing officials at a for-profit college helped students cheat on an ability-to-benefit test, the Chronicle reports. The Education Department said it would strengthen monitoring.
People who've failed to complete high school or a GED are likely to be weak in persistence as well as reading and math skills. If they're cut off from for-profit options, they can try adult education or community colleges: Their success rate will be low at lower cost.


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That's for the "Focuspot" accessory.
It's a little penlight that fit in the top and projects two light beams on the subject. Adjust focus until the two beams merge.
Or put a plastic plug in it to keep dust out.
Your lack of contrast may be due to a deteriorated semi-silvered mirror surface.
- Leigh


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Xbox 360 is heads and shoulders above the PS3 right now for sports games. The frame-rate for the most recent Madden was 30 fps for PS3 while it was 60 fps for 360. Developers just haven't quite perfected the reportedly finicky PS3 programming code.
Things will probably even up quite a bit over the next couple "generations" of PS3 sports games.
I'd have to give the nod to 360 as well right now in terms of online play.


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Well popular demand in project circles means a few of you asked when we would do these again – and I am happy to say there is one scheduled for June 24th 2014 at 9:00am PST! See http://ignite.office.com/webcasts/support-webcast-service-packs-cumulative-updates for the details and click here to add it to your calendar. I will be covering the June 2014 Cumulative Update release for Project and Project Server 2010 and 2013 – and will probably mention the recent SP1 and April CU releases – and some what's new stuff on Project Online.
Just the one schedule so far but we do hope to continue these into the next Microsoft financial year – probably after a summer break. The bad news is that Adrian will not be available to join me on this one – just me unless I can talk some of my colleagues into helping out. Looking forward to speaking with you all again!
Nice initiative, will definitely attend the webcast.
Hi Brian, really sorry I missed your webcast yesterday; I was stuck in traffic... Has the webcast been recorded?
Unfortunately I heard yesterday that the recording was not successful Hester, but I will do a re-recording probably late July (vacation next two weeks). I am attaching the ppt here for now. Good news is we also hope to do a new webcast in late August covering the July and August releases.
Best regards,


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Skip to Section Subnavigation Skip to Page Content
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Support the Summer Service Immersion Team at the first Fish FRYday Fundraiser of the year! The fundraiser will be held in Connelly Kitchen from 11:30 a.m. - 1 p.m., and will feature fried and baked fish, as well as an assortment of sides made by the 2014 SSI team traveling to Alabama and New Orleans in May. We ask for a suggested donation of $5 for all you can eat.
Please contact Meaghan Daly at email@example.com.


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Originally written on Diehardsport | Last updated 11/11/12
Nebraska Cornhuskers Head Coach Bo Pelini is known for being a very angry and intense coach, and it seems as though this time defensive back Daimion Stafford had enough of it. He had a few choice words for Pelini during their game against Penn State, and it will be interesting to see if there are any repercussions for his behavior.This also isn't the first time that Stafford has been involved in something a bit questionable and shown he can lose control; he flipped off the Spartans last week when he was running off the field.GIF Via: Gifulmination
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If you like this, Harlequin recommends
- Cowboy Conspiracy
- by
- Jan 2012
- Cowboy to the Core
- by
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- Cowboy Commando
- by
- Mar 2009
Beautiful, widowed, a single mother--Janice Stevens had been given a new identity, if not a new lease on life, when she testified against a mob killer. For fifteen years she'd lived anonymously, raising her daughter--until Vincent Magilinti showed up on her doorstep claining what was his: his child and her heart. But will both turn up dead-on-arrival when vengeance is finnaly exacted?


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Privacy and Cookies
Israel's cabinet has approved proposed investment in a dedicated aircraft that will serve the nation's prime minister and president on official trips.
Reached on 4 May, the decision – which endorsed the recommendations of a professional committee – was made after years of debating the issue.
Until 10 years ago, an Israeli air force Boeing 707 was used for official trips, but in recent years, the prime minister's office has issued a tender to the three Israeli airlines – Arkia, El Al and Israir – each time the prime minister was due to fly for an official visit abroad.
This system drew public criticism, especially when special cabin arrangements were required by the prime minister's office.
Rex Features
A system of issuing tenders to Israeli airlines each time the prime minister traveller abroad came in for criticism
Sources say the cabinet decision opens the way for the purchase of a new, Boeing 767-sized aircraft or for the conversion of an existing airframe to serve as Israel's "Air Force One". The decision will allow the prime minister's office to issue a tender for the selected option.
Once in use, the dedicated aircraft will serve as an advanced airborne command post, which will allow the prime minister and his aides to be connected to all the vital defence organisations from anywhere in the world.
The selected platform will also be equipped with a laser-based countermeasures system developed by Elbit Systems to protect aircraft from shoulder-launched surface-to-air missiles.
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Man cannot race on bread alone. The organizers of the Amgen Tour of California along with Skratch Labs chef Biju Thomas make sure of it. Each day during the eight-day race, complete breakfasts and dinners are freshly prepared to feed 400 people, including the entire peloton, team directors, coaches, mechanics and soigneurs, and key race support staff.
What an extraordinary week it was, the tenth edition of the Amgen Tour of California. Like the inaugural Amgen Tour of California Women's Race empowered by SRAM won by pint-sized Trixi Worrack (Velocio-SRAM), the yellow jersey changed hands on the final day with the aid of time bonuses in a thrilling, edge-of-your-seat sprint showdown that crowned Peter Sagan (Tinkoff-Saxo) the new King of California by a scant three-second margin over 22-year-old French phenom Julian Alaphilippe (Ettix-Quick-Step).
I'm scared of rollercoasters. My pulse quickened just driving into Six Flags Magic Mountain in the face of what looked like an endless array of frightening roller coasters that turn, twist, drop from dizzying heights and go upside down at dazzling speeds. This was the colorful backdrop for the Amgen Tour of California Stage 6 men's and women's 6.7-mile individual time trial at sea level in Santa Clarita after wintry weather conditions forced the move from the original location at Big Bear Lake, which was a planned 15 miles at altitude. My own thrill ride was to take place in a Drapac team car and I was nervous.
Planning for each Amgen Tour of California stage starts almost a full year in advance, sometimes even longer. It's mindboggling when you consider the avalanche of logistics and bureaucratic red tape involved with permitting, city planning requirements, local organizing committee considerations, sponsorship arrangements, police and security; staffing and housing issues; UCI approval to protect the athletes and so much more that is involved with ensuring a safe event for the riders, staff and spectators alike. Everything is planned, itemized and scheduled down to the minutest detail. However, the one variable that cannot be planned or controlled is the weather. What's a race organizer to do when Mother Nature forces them to slam on the brakes and pedal fast in an entirely different direction? Act decisively in order to preserve the safety and security of everyone involved and that is exactly what the Amgen Tour of California organizers – AEG Sports and Medalist Sports - did this week when faced with that exact scenario, which ultimately resulted in the relocation of Friday's Stage 6 men's and women's individual time trial from Big Bear Lake to Santa Clarita at Six Flags Magic Mountain.
Halfway through the tenth edition of the Amgen Tour of California, we arrive at the business end of the 724-mile, eight-day stage race. The next three stages will determine the overall winner with today's Stage 5 from Santa Barbara to Santa Clarita not to be overlooked ahead of Friday's individual time trial (forced to move from Big Bear Lake to Santa Clarita due to impending snow and frigid temperatures) and Saturday's highly anticipated epic battle on Baldy.
There's a reason why Toms Skujins, the new leader of the Amgen Tour of California after a spectacular solo assault on Mt. Hamilton propelled him to victory on Tuesday's Stage 3 in San Jose, was cracking jokes and deftly delivering perfectly-timed one-liners to the media during the post-race press conference. The 23-year-old Latvian riding for Hincapie Racing learned to speak English watching the Cartoon Network. Skujins audacious attack on the above category mountain was no joke.
- General 45
- Training 5
- Health Tips 2
- Nutrition 3
- Races 32
- L'Etape du California 4
- Breakaway from Cancer 6
- Rider Interviews 5
- Gala 3
- Host Cities 14
- Culture 1
- Women's Races 14
- Cycling Tips 2
- Breakaway Mile 2
- Lifestyle Festival 4
- Ride 2 Recovery 3
- Stage 1 8
- Stage 2 10
- Stage 3 8
- Stage 4 5
- Stage 5 10
- Stage 6 10
- Stage 7 4
- Stage 8 8
- Videos 3
- Tour de France 10
- Transfer News 2
- World Championships 1
- The Classics 2
- Sweepstakes Series 7


text: Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew on Monday. Saul Loeb /AFP/Getty Images hide caption itoggle caption Saul Loeb /AFP/Getty Images The Two-Way 'Time Is Short' On Debt Ceiling, Treasury Secretary Says February 3, 2014 Jacob Lew says the limit on borrowing needs to be raised before the end of the month. Otherwise, he warns, the federal government risks defaulting on its debts — and Lew says that could cause serious damage to the economy. Listen Loading… 5:10 Playlist Download Embed Embed Close embed modal <iframe src="http://www.npr.org/player/embed/271091973/271128062" width="100%" height="290" frameborder="0" scrolling="no">


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They feel bad, so they found you these other deals to make up for it.
Select Local Merchants
Westbrook Community CenterRead MoreWestbrook Community Center's activities mirror the diversity of the people they serve. Adult-enrichment classes bring together crafty and inquisitive minds, teaching participants to knit mittens, take digital photographs, or understand veteran burial benefits. Youth programs center around hands-on exploration and movement. In Rock Star Cooking for Kids, locally renowned chef Josh Gelston teaches elementary-aged pupils how to cook a meal that doesn't involve yarn and Skittles. Yoga, belly dancing, and swimming round out a long list of sports and fitness classes that serve participants of all ages. The calendar keeps track of the seasonally changing athletic, artistic, and educational opportunities.426 Bridge StWestbrook, ME US
Maine AudubonRead MoreFor more than 150 years, Maine Audubon has championed Maine's wildest inhabitants with educational, engaging programs and wildlife and wildlife habitat advocacy. Members join the statewide nonprofit?s fight to maintain the population of native plant and animal life while interacting with furred and feathered planet mates through discounted access to activities that include moonlit storytelling outings and forest survival walks. Maine Audubon visitors can explore centers and sanctuaries such as the Borestone Mountain Audubon Sanctuary and the Scarborough Marsh Audubon Center, whose kayak rentals allow paddlers to view off-duty ice sculptures and snowmen taking summer holidays. Maine Audubon's headquarters, Gilsland Farm, also unite members with 65 acres of trails, community gardens, and discounted wildlife-friendly gifts in the nature store.20 Gilsland Farm RdFalmouth, ME US
Waterman Marine CorpRead MoreThe kitchen crew at Sahara Mediterranean Bar & Grill shaves tender layers of their popular chicken shawarma from the spit of a traditional vertical broiler, helping them earn the title of Detroit?s Best Middle Eastern restaurant from Local 4 viewers in summer 2011. Vegetarian options range from a falafel sandwich to the smoothly textured adas lentil soup, with beans that chefs carefully crush with an announcement that none of them made their high school?s baseball team. The menu also includes house specialties such as the potato chop?seasoned beef stuffed inside a golden-brown, deep-fried potato shell. Sips from specialty drinks and smoky hookahs add a sweeter dimension to meals as diners perch on dark hardwood seating. The furnishings contrast visually with butter-yellow walls on which murals appear to emerge from behind crumbling stone.10 South StFreeport, ME US
Lighthouse Preservation SocietyRead MoreFor more than 30 years, The Lighthouse Preservation Society has worked to save and maintain the endangered lighthouses of the United States. The organization has spawned Congressional hearings and legislation, sponsored National Lighthouse Day, and aided in the creation of the National Historic Lighthouse Preservation Act and the National Lighthouse Museum. The organization has also raised lighthouse awareness in the national consciousness, placing hundreds of lighthouses on the National Register of Historic Places and landing the most scenic ones on popular U.S. Postage stamps. This is all in addition to the ongoing preservation efforts; to date, the organization has raised nearly $6 million for more than 160 lighthouse-restoration projects. It's little wonder that the nonprofit was chosen as a recipient of the prestigious Presidential Achievement Award for its efforts to maintain America's coastal heritage. Day to day, members lead lighthouse tours and present lighthouse-related presentations, gather historic documents and artifacts, and manufacture replica replacement parts. Even when a lighthouse guides its last ship, the organization keeps its spirit alive through creative adaptive reuse projects. They take special pride in their private dining program, headquartered in the Newburyport Lighthouse on Massachusetts' North Shore. Recommended by Boston's Phantom Gourmet and lauded by Yankee Magazine as a "glass-enclosed love nest," the intimate multicourse meals pair dishes from sea and land with views of the historic town harbor and picturesque beaches. The cozy circular room nestled at the top of the lighthouse retains its functional panoramic views, but also features comforts including padded benches, a dining table, a music system, and a climate control system. There's even an outdoor balcony, giving diners the chance to feel the ocean breezes from 60 feet in the air.11 Seaborne DrDover, NH US
Tccap Dental CenterRead MoreWhether you have a tooth ache or need a cavity filled, Tamworth's Tccap Dental Center has you covered. If you're seeking a top-of-the-line dentistry that includes services such as check up, look no further than Tccap Dental Center. Don't let your dentist needs slip away from you and book an appointment at Tccap Dental Center today.448 White Mountain HwyTamworth, NH US
Project Pawsitive Foundation HamptonRead MoreAfter many hours of hard, dirty work, clearing out debris and installing new flooring at the Salem Animal Rescue League, Project Pawsitive Foundation president Jill Sullivan Grueter looked at her team's completed project with pride. "I could picture the rescue getting more people in to adopt because the place looked clean. It looked safe," she gushed in a YouTube chronicle of the project, "It was an awesome feeling." Animal shelters devote themselves to caring for neglected animals until they can be placed into loving homes, but a lack of funding or natural disasters such as Hurricane Sandy can leave facilities damaged and potentially unsafe. That's where the construction experts and business professionals of the Project Pawsitive Foundation team come in, volunteering their time and abilities to help shelters stay open and continue their work of saving animals in need. Project Pawsitive Foundation relies on donations and sponsorships, and strives to renovate four or more animal rescues each year.18 Westridge DriveHampton, NH US


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iPhone has generated over $150 billion in revenue since launch
Strategy Analytics has crunched some numbers, and apparently since the original iPhone's launch in 2007, Apple has generated $150 billion in revenue from their smartphone lineup. Of course, Apple's revenue growth is bigger than ever, but it's crazy to see how their cumulative sales add up. Don't forget, this is just the iPhone; iPad, iPod, and Mac are all still pretty danged popular. Neil Mawston, Executive Director at Strategy Analytics commented on the findings.
The iPhone portfolio has become a huge generator of cash and profit for Apple. A quarter of a billion iPhones have been shipped cumulatively worldwide in the first five years since launch and Apple reaches its fifth birthday at the top of its game. However, there are emerging signs that the iPhone's next five years could get tougher. Some mobile operators are becoming concerned about the high level of subsidies they spend on the iPhone, while Samsung is expanding its popular Galaxy portfolio and providing Apple with more credible competition.
Think about it: the iPhone has only been around for five years, which isn't that long in the grand scheme of things. It's baffling how much the smartphone world has changed in that timeframe, and one can only imagine how much will change in the next five. Do you guys think that Apple will still be in its position of prominence then, or will the gap with Android only widen? Will Windows Phone actually be a threat? Will BlackBerry still be around?
Source: Strategy Analytics
Have something to say about this story? Leave a comment! Need help with something else? Ask in our forums!
Reader comments
iPhone has generated over $150 billion in revenue since launch
I'm interested to see too. I think the way it's going power moves and litigation will come to shape the industry instead of innovation. I'm not entirely sure HTC can recover although they're my favorite android OEM. LG needs to give up and Apple may need to overhaul their UI because eventually the regular people they sell to will tire of it. I don't think Apple's all about dominating with marketshare like Android is though, they're more interested in profits.


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Motherhood Maternity has some AMAZING shorts, capris, and pants that have a fabulous waistline that can be worn all through the entire pregnancy.
My situation: I have only gained 3 lbs . . . but I have gone from a size 6 to a size 10 and sometimes the 10's give me muffin top and are uncomfortable. I didnt think there was any way that I could wear maternity clothes now, so I thought I would have to buy a "transition wardrobe" - basically a waste of money because I plan on getting back to a 6 or 8 post pregnancy. My friend talked me into going into the store and I found so many wonderful cute comfortable and stylish clothes that I can start wearing now and will still fit at the end of the summer when I am 6 months. I felt so much better about myself after that shopping trip. I highly recommend checking it out.
Also, the have the pregnancy pillows you can wrap around and see how they will fit and what you will look like (fun for us first time moms)


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2013 Dakar Media Thread - Pics and Videos Only
Since there is already media out there for the 2013 Dakar, let's start the media thread.
While it's worth collecting media in it's own thread, it shouldn't take away from the juggernaut that is referred to as the "F5irehose." The dozen or so threads in this forum focused on the Dakar will be replaced by the F5irehose once the race starts. The alternative to "drinking from the fire hose" would be a chaos of separate threads that would make it impossible to follow the Dakar in real-time.
Well, the chaos and the other threads will be there regardless, but to make sure a "media thread" doesn't detract from the flow of information in the official thread, keep discussion in this thread minimal.
Thanks in advance to everyone who creates or finds and posts VIDEO, PICTURES, or AUDIO content for this thread.
T.V. Coverage
The dark arts
If you're having problems posting videos, it might be that you're using Google Chrome. It's usually actually working, it just doesn't show up in "preview," or when you first post it. But once you've posted it, if you hit "refresh" you'll see that the video actually got posted.
(Insider tip: there is a magical keyboard shortcut that will refresh your screen when you hit it, so you can see what other's have posted since you last loaded the page. Only those who "need to know" are trusted with that info, but if you're looking among the F5unction keys you're getting warm.)

Red Bull video:

News story on Kevin Muggleton:
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News story on Don Hatton:
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Thanks for getting this thread going Dread!
Yeah! Sorry for spamming this thread! But better now than later!
You Sir are the man!
Thank you so much for all your time during the past Dakars and the following ones!
A cold beer is still waiting for you in Germany :evil
Bianchi Prata Videos
I saved Bianchi Prata's youtube page from last year. He seems to have some good videos this year too. This is the link to his page: http://www.youtube.com/user/bianchiprata?feature=watch
For some reason the embed below changes from the build video to the riding video so just go to the page above.........???

Safety Video
If you are spectating, make sure you watch the safety video. (http://www.youtube.com/user/dakar/featured)

Repost of Robby Gordon PreRace Video

Rooobbyyyy Goorrrrdddonnnnnn! (I'm trying to quote the announcer lady on the podium.)
From Marathon Rally: http://www.marathonrally.com/news/da...o.22122.0.html

Dakar Rally 2013: Robby Gordon enters Dakar again with Hummer H3 Proto.

http://www.marathonrally.com/news/clear.gif	http://www.marathonrally.com/news/clear.gif

http://www.marathonrally.com/news/ty...0969ef45c6.jpg

Fresh from Dakar 2012 where he was ranking 2nd overall, Robby Gordon enters with a Hummer which, following preliminary checks, fulfills all regulatory requirements. The American will be at the starting line on 5 January and adds his name to the list of contenders for the title.
Francis Ford Coppola had Matt Dillon say "Don't you know a rumble ain't a rumble without me?" just before the final scene of the film Outsiders. It is exactly in this spirit that Robby Gordon has been simmering away for several weeks whilst awaiting the official confirmation of his participation in Dakar 2013.
Whilst the necessary checks were being carried out on a Hummer that had been disqualified in 2012, the American looked on from afar at the crews who would be competing for the title in a few weeks' time. Just like his teammate from last year Nasser Al Attiyah and the returning Carlos Sainz, both equipped with brand new buggies, the Californian showman will come to challenge the Minis of Stéphane Peterhansel and Nani Roma.
The H3 that sparked debate in 2012 has been vetted in the workshops of Charlotte: it has been initially declared fit to jump in the dunes of Peru, Argentina and Chile, between 5 and 20 January next year. Gordon, who will be displaying race number 315 on his car in Lima, also aims to improve on the 3rd place gained in 2009, at the first South American Dakar.
The "rebel" will be flanked by his co-pilot in 2011, Kellon Walch. But with the sheer amount of buggies and 4x4s capable of competing at the highest possible level, places on the podium carry an even higher price tag.
And HSF Logistics Henstek Rally Team
And HSF Logistics Henstek Rally Team

My Passion is Racing
Mr. Peterhansel and the Mini Cooper

Maybe We Try Something New.........
Nasser Al-Attiyah and Carlos Sainz

Little off topic but, damn......

Lucio Alvarez Andino Toyota Overdrive Team preview
Lucio Alvarez Andino Toyota Overdrive Team preview

Nice videos Uller! I'm not a Nassar fan, but the video where he wrecked was interesting. The Toyota one was good too. After Robby Gordon, I'm cheering for the Toyotas.
Scrutineering this year at Le Havre

Manuel's video diary of his trip to Le Havre.

Big trucks scrutineering at Le Havre

Mr. Gordon
A video from Redbull on the riders they sponsor.

Last year's "Kiss my ass" clip:

Here's Bluebull chasing last year's Dakar:

Part 2

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Buck Advisory Council Meetings
Spring 2015 BAC Meeting
"Healthspan: Leading the Way"
May 17-19 2015
Buck Institute Campus
8001 Redwood Boulevard
Novato, CA 94945
Please click here to view the Working Agenda.
Online registration for the spring meeting will open on April 8. Please register here:http://buckinstitute.org/content/bac-meeting-may-2015
Sunday reception & dinner: Business or cocktail (suit & tie for men; dress/suit/cocktail for women)
Monday & Tuesday: Business casual
In Marin County - The Inn Above Tide
We have reserved a small block of rooms and secured discounted rates at this luxury boutique hotel overlooking the San Francisco Bay in downtown Sausalito (southern Marin County). The Inn is approximately 23 miles (30 minutes driving time) from the Institute.
The Buck will provide shuttle transportation to and from the Inn Above Tide each morning prior to the conference and each evening.
To reserve accommodations, please contact one of the following staff members and identify yourself as part of the "Buck Institute Group." Please book as soon as your travel dates are set to ensure the best selection of rooms – this is a very small hotel.
Mr. Mark Flaherty, General Manager
Mr. Felipe Passalacqua, Assistant General Manager
800.893.8433 (toll-free in US and Canada)
Other Convenient Hotels in Marin County:
Courtyard by Marriott Novato
1400 Hamilton Pkwy, Novato, CA 94949
(No conference transportation provided.)
In San Francisco – Ritz-Carlton San Francisco
For those who prefer to stay in San Francisco, we recommend the Ritz-Carlton San Francisco. We do not have a room block reserved there.
We will provide motor coach transportation to/from the Buck for those of you who decide to stay here.
The Ritz-Carlton San Francisco
600 Stockton Street
San Francisco, CA 94108
For reservations, click here: Ritz-Carlton Reservations or contact your travel agent.
NOTE: The Ritz-Carlton San Francisco is approximately 5 blocks from the Four Seasons Hotel San Francisco and about 2 blocks from the InterContinental Mark Hopkins and the Fairmont hotels. If you choose to stay at one of these other luxury properties, you could walk to the Ritz-Carlton to take advantage of the conference shuttle bus.
Airport Transfers
No airport transfers are offered. If you need information about car services, please contact Jan King at firstname.lastname@example.com or 415.209.2037.


text:
Last Activity: 05-26-2015 11:01 AM
About Me
- About Angelique
- Biography
- I share the way I live a fun life in spite of chemical sensitivity at http://ourgreendreamhome.com
- How did you find DIYChatroom.com?
- I found DIYChatroom.com via the Paint Talk forum.
- Location
- Mesa, Arizona
- Interests
- Horseback riding, gluten-free cooking, writing, new gardener
- Occupation
- Social media consultant, professional writer and editor, writing tutor
- Name of Company
- Green DreamHome and A.F.MarCom


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Teaching The Joy Luck Club
Get lucky with Shmoop.
The Joy Luck Club was an international sensation when it first came out, read everywhere from beaches to book clubs…and now classrooms. All you'll need is a little luck—and a lot of this teaching guide—to bring joy to your little club (i.e., your classroom).
In this guide you will find
- an activity that blends character analysis with one of the most addictive games on the planet (no, not Candy Crush…Mahjong).
- pop culture connections, like our old mainstay The Simpsons and the fact that Amy Tan is in a band. (Who knew?)
- historical resources, including information on Immigration and the Vietnam War.
And much more.
Hmm, they really should start including snippets of our guide inside fortune cookies…
What's Inside Shmoop's Literature Teaching Guides
Shmoop is a labor of love from folks who love to teach. Our teaching guides will help you supplement in-classroom learning with fun, engaging, and relatable learning materials that bring literature to life.
Inside each guide you'll find quizzes, activity ideas, discussion questions, and more—all written by experts and designed to save you time. Here are the deets on what you get with your teaching guide:
- 13-18 Common Core-aligned activities to complete in class with your students, including detailed instructions for you and your students.
- Discussion and essay questions for all levels of students.
- Reading quizzes for every chapter, act, or part of the text.
- Resources to help make the book feel more relevant to your 21st-century students.
- A note from Shmoop's teachers to you, telling you what to expect from teaching the text and how you can overcome the hurdles.
Instructions for You
Objective: The Joy Luck Club is a story about a very particular cultural group: Chinese immigrant women. How would the story be different if it were about a different cultural subset? Say, Chinese men? Italian women? Mexican children? Students will be able to adapt a scene from the novel into dramatic form – changing the cultural group involved – and act out the scene in class. This will require cultural sensitivity and will allow students to think deeply about how the immigrant experience would be different for different cultural groups. Students will further be able to justify their adaptations in a written, literary response. (That means it's fun, games, and thinking.)
Time frame: 1-2 days
Materials Needed: Text of The Joy Luck Club, computers with Internet access
Step 1: For homework the day before you begin this activity, have the students poke around the Shmoop guides to immigration. Ask them to take notes on things they find surprising, interesting, or moving.
Step 2: Brainstorming time! Now that students are a little more familiar with immigration in the U.S., ask them to brainstorm a list of the immigrant groups with which they're familiar. Encourage them to think about what they read on the Shmoop guides, as well as thinking about their own family, friends, stories they've read, movies they've watched... immigration is everywhere! Make a list of these immigrant groups in a place where all the students can see and refer to it.
Step 3: Now it's time to get those creative juices flowing. Tell students that they will be writing and acting out a scene from the novel. But here's the kicker: they'll be changing the immigrant group involved. Also let them know that they'll be justifying their adaptation of the novel with a supporting written analysis, so they should be sure their choices are deliberate.
Step 4: Divide the class into small groups. Each group will need to make two decisions: (1) which immigrant group to portray, and (2) which scene from the novel to adapt. It is crucial to emphasize the issue of cultural sensitivity here.
Allow as much class time as possible during class for the groups to meet and think about their portrayal. If you have Internet access in the classroom, also allow them the time to do some research about the immigrant group they have chosen. As always, have them jot down their sources: this will come in handy when writing their analysis.
[This part of the lesson can conclude Day 1 of the unit.]
Step 5: Students will finish their research on their own time and work with their group to write and practice their adaptation. When the projects are due, allow class time for the groups to show their performances.
Each student will also need to turn in an analysis that justifies their dramatic adaptation: they should refer both to the novel and to the outside research they have done on their immigrant group.
(California English Language Arts Standards Met: 9th and 10th grade Reading: 1.1, 1.2, 2.3, 2.5, 3.2, 3.5, 3.12; Writing: 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 2.2abcd; Listening and Speaking: 1.3, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2.6abc. 11th and 12 grade Reading: 1.3, 2.4, 2.5, 3.6, 3.7a; Writing: 1.2, 1.3, 1.5, 2.2abcde; Listening and Speaking: 1.6, 1.7, 1.9, 2.5.)
Instructions for Your Students
Student Intro:
It's your time to shine! For this activity, you're going to take a scene straight from The Joy Luck Club and adapt it for the stage (or, the classroom floor, at least!). Here's the catch: instead of just acting out what happens in the book, you're going to change it up and imagine that a different immigrant group was in the same position. How would the scene be different if it were about a different cultural subset? Say, Chinese men? Italian women? Mexican children? Do your research and make deliberate choices, because you'll also have to defend your adaptation in a written, literary response.
Step 1: Yep, there's homework. But it's Shmoopy homework, so it can't be that bad. All you have to do is take some time to poke around the Shmoop guides to immigration. Take notes on anything you find surprising, interesting, or moving. Nothing is too small to notice, so just jot down whatever catches your eye.
Step 2: Get your thinking caps on. Now that you're a little more familiar with immigration in the U.S., it's time to brainstorm a list of the immigrant groups with which you're familiar. For starters, think about what you read for homework on the Shmoop guides. But don't stop there. Also think about the history of your family and friends, stories you've read, movies you've watched... immigration is everywhere! How many immigrant groups can you think of?
Step 3: Now it's time to get those creative juices flowing: you're going to write and act out a scene from The Joy Luck Club. Just one thing: it's no longer Chinese women in your story, but a totally different immigrant group. Makes it a little tougher, huh?
In small groups, you'll have to make two decisions: (1) which immigrant group to portray, and (2) which scene from the novel to adapt. Choose wisely: some scenes might be more adaptable than others, especially when you're portraying a new cultural subset.
As a group, do some Internet research on your immigrant group. Be sure to jot down your sources: this will come in handy when writing your analysis.
Step 4: Finish this research on your own time and work with your group to write and practice your adaptation. Of course, when you're done, you'll get to show off your masterpiece to the class. Lights, camera, action!
You'll also need to turn in an analysis that justifies your dramatic adaptation: make sure you refer both to the novel and to the outside research you've done on your immigrant group to back up your creative decisions.
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Common Core Standards
The following standards are covered in this course:CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RL.9-10.1


text:
"Moore's law" is the observation that, over the history of computing hardware, the number of transistors in a dense integrated circuit has doubled approximately every two years. The observation is named after Gordon E. Moore, co-founder of the Intel Corporation and Fairchild Semiconductor, whose 1965 paper described a doubling every year in the number of components per integrated circuit.[1][2][3] In 1975, he revised the forecast doubling time to two years.[4][5][6] His prediction had proven to be accurate, in part because the law now is used in the semiconductor industry to guide long-term planning and to set targets for research and development.[7] The capabilities of many digital electronic devices are strongly linked to Moore's law: quality-adjusted microprocessor prices,[8] memory capacity, sensors and even the number and size of pixels in digital cameras.[9] All of these are improving at roughly exponential rates as well.
This exponential improvement has dramatically enhanced the effect of digital electronics in nearly every segment of the world economy.[10] Moore's law describes a driving force of technological and social change, productivity, and economic growth in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries.[11][12][13][14]
The period is often quoted as 18 months because of Intel executive David House, who predicted that chip performance would double every 18 months (being a combination of the effect of more transistors and their being faster).[15]
Although this trend has continued for more than half a century, "Moore's law" should be considered an observation or projection and not a physical or natural law. Doubts about the ability of the projection to remain valid into the indefinite future have been expressed. For example, the 2010 update to the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors predicted that growth would slow around 2013,[16] and Gordon Moore in 2015 foresaw that the rate of progress would reach saturation: "I see Moore's law dying here in the next decade or so."[17] However, The Economist news-magazine has opined that predictions that Moore's law will soon fail are almost as old, going back years and years, as the law itself, with the time of eventual end of the technological trend being uncertain.[18][Dead link]
For the thirty-fifth anniversary issue of Electronics magazine, which was published on April 19, 1965, Gordon E. Moore, who was working as the director of research and development (R&D) at Fairchild Semiconductor at the time, was asked to predict what was going to happen in the semiconductor components industry over the next ten years. His response was a brief article entitled, "Cramming more components onto integrated circuits".[19] Within his editorial, he speculated that by 1975 it would be possible to contain as many as 65,000 components on a single quarter-inch semiconductor.
The complexity for minimum component costs has increased at a rate of roughly a factor of two per year. Certainly over the short term this rate can be expected to continue, if not to increase. Over the longer term, the rate of increase is a bit more uncertain, although there is no reason to believe it will not remain nearly constant for at least 10 years.
[emphasis added]
His reasoning was a log-linear relationship between device complexity (higher circuit density at reduced cost) and time.[20][21]
At the 1975 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting Moore revised the forecast rate.[4] [22] semiconductor complexity would continue to double annually until about 1980 after which it would decrease to a rate of doubling approximately every two years. [22] He outlined several contributing factors for this exponential behavior:[20][21]
Shortly after 1975, Caltech professor Carver Mead popularized the term "Moore's law".[2][23]
Despite a popular misconception, Moore is adamant that he did not predict a doubling "every 18 months." Rather, David House, an Intel colleague, had factored in the increasing performance of transistors to conclude that integrated circuits would double in performance every 18 months.
Predictions of similar increases in computer power had existed years prior. For example, Douglas Engelbart discussed the projected downscaling of integrated circuit size in 1959 [24] or 1960.[25]
In April 2005, Intel offered US$10,000 to purchase a copy of the original Electronics issue in which Moore's article appeared.[26] An engineer living in the United Kingdom was the first to find a copy and offer it to Intel.[27]
Although Moore's law initially was made in the form of an observation and forecast, the more widely it became accepted, the more it served as a goal for an entire industry.
This drove both marketing and engineering departments of semiconductor manufacturers to focus enormous energy aiming for the specified increase in processing power that it was presumed one or more of their competitors would soon attain. In this regard, it may be viewed as a self-fulfilling prophecy.[7][28]
As the cost of computer power to the consumer falls, the cost for producers to fulfill Moore's law follows an opposite trend: R&D, manufacturing, and test costs have increased steadily with each new generation of chips. Rising manufacturing costs are an important consideration for the sustaining of Moore's law.[29] This had led to the formulation of Moore's second law, also called Rock's law, which is that the capital cost of a semiconductor fab also increases exponentially over time.[30][31]
Numerous innovations by a large number of scientists and engineers have helped significantly to sustain Moore's law since the beginning of the integrated circuit (IC) era. Whereas assembling a detailed list of such significant contributions would be as desirable as it would be difficult, just a few innovations are listed below as examples of breakthroughs that have played a critical role in the advancement of integrated circuit technology by more than seven orders of magnitude in less than five decades:
Computer industry technology road maps predict (as of 2001[update]) that Moore's law will continue for several generations of semiconductor chips. Depending on the doubling time used in the calculations, this could mean up to a hundredfold increase in transistor count per chip within a decade. The semiconductor industry technology roadmap uses a three-year doubling time for microprocessors, leading to a tenfold increase in the next decade.[57] Intel was reported in 2005 as stating that the downsizing of silicon chips with good economics can continue during the next decade,[note 1] and in 2008 as predicting the trend through 2029.[59]
Some of the new directions in research that may allow Moore's law to continue are:
On 13 April 2005, Gordon Moore stated in an interview that the projection cannot be sustained indefinitely: "It can't continue forever. The nature of exponentials is that you push them out and eventually disaster happens". He also noted that transistors eventually would reach the limits of miniaturization at atomic levels:
In terms of size [of transistors] you can see that we're approaching the size of atoms which is a fundamental barrier, but it'll be two or three generations before we get that far—but that's as far out as we've ever been able to see. We have another 10 to 20 years before we reach a fundamental limit. By then they'll be able to make bigger chips and have transistor budgets in the billions.—[70]
In January 1995, the Digital Alpha 21164 microprocessor had 9.3 million transistors. This 64-bit processor was a technological spearhead at the time, even if the circuit's market share remained average. Six years later, a state of the art microprocessor contained more than 40 million transistors. It is theorised that, with further miniaturisation, by 2015 these processors should contain more than 15 billion transistors, and by 2020 will be in molecular-scale production, where each molecule can be individually positioned.[71]
In 2003, Intel predicted the end would come between 2013 and 2018 with 16 nanometer manufacturing processes and 5 nanometer gates, due to quantum tunnelling, although others suggested chips could just get larger, or become layered.[72] In 2008 it was noted that for the last 30 years, it has been predicted that Moore's law would last at least another decade.[59]
Some see the limits of the law as being in the distant future. Lawrence Krauss and Glenn D. Starkman announced an ultimate limit of approximately 600 years in their paper,[73] based on rigorous estimation of total information-processing capacity of any system in the Universe, which is limited by the Bekenstein bound. On the other hand, based on first principles, there are predictions that Moore's law will collapse in the next few decades [20–40 years]".[74][75]
One also could limit the theoretical performance of a rather practical "ultimate laptop" with a mass of one kilogram and a volume of one litre. This is done by considering the speed of light, the quantum scale, the gravitational constant, and the Boltzmann constant, giving a performance of 5.4258 × 1050 logical operations per second on approximately 1031 bits.[76]
Then again, the law often has met obstacles that first appeared insurmountable, but were indeed surmounted before long. In that sense, Moore says he now sees his law as more beautiful than he had realized: "Moore's law is a violation of Murphy's law. Everything gets better and better."[77]
Technological change is a combination of more and of better technology. A 2011 study in the journal Science showed that the peak of the rate of change of the world's capacity to compute information was in the year 1998, when the world's technological capacity to compute information on general-purpose computers grew at 88% per year.[78] Since then, technological change clearly has slowed. In recent times, every new year allowed humans to carry out roughly 60% of the computations that possibly could have been executed by all existing general-purpose computers before that year.[78] This still is exponential, but shows the varying nature of technological change.[79]
The primary driving force of economic growth is the growth of productivity,[13] and Moore's law factors into productivity. Moore (1995) expected that "the rate of technological progress is going to be controlled from financial realities."[80] The reverse could and did occur around the late-1990s, however, with economists reporting that "Productivity growth is the key economic indicator of innovation."[14] An acceleration in the rate of semiconductor progress contributed to a surge in U.S. productivity growth,[81][82][83] which reached 3.4% per year in 1997–2004, outpacing the 1.6% per year during both 1972–1996 and 2005–2013.[84] As economist Richard G. Anderson notes, "Numerous studies have traced the cause of the productivity acceleration to technological innovations in the production of semiconductors that sharply reduced the prices of such components and of the products that contain them (as well as expanding the capabilities of such products)."[85]
While physical limits to transistor scaling such as source-to-drain leakage, limited gate metals, and limited options for channel material have been reached, new avenues for continued scaling are open. The most promising of these approaches rely on using the spin state of electron spintronics, tunnel junctions, and advanced confinement of channel materials via nano-wire geometry. A comprehensive list of available device choices shows that a wide range of device options is open for continuing Moore's law into the next few decades.[86] Spin-based logic and memory options are being developed actively in industrial labs,[87] as well as academic labs.[88]
Another source of improved performance is in microarchitecture techniques exploiting the growth of available transistor count. Out-of-order execution and on-chip caching and prefetching reduce the memory latency bottleneck at the expense of using more transistors and increasing the processor complexity. These increases are described empirically by Pollack's Rule, which states that performance increases due to microarchitecture techniques are square root of the number of transistors or the area of a processor.
For years, processor makers delivered increases in clock rates and instruction-level parallelism, so that single-threaded code executed faster on newer processors with no modification.[89] Now, to manage CPU power dissipation, processor makers favor multi-core chip designs, and software has to be written in a multi-threaded manner to take full advantage of the hardware. Many multi-threaded development paradigms introduce overhead, and will not see a linear increase in speed vs number of processors. This is particularly true while accessing shared or dependent resources, due to lock contention. This effect becomes more noticeable as the number of processors increases. There are cases where a roughly 45% increase in processor transistors has translated to roughly 10–20% increase in processing power.[90]
On the other hand, processor manufacturers are taking advantage of the 'extra space' that the transistor shrinkage provides to add specialized processing units to deal with features such as graphics, video, and cryptography. For one example, Intel's Parallel JavaScript extension not only adds support for multiple cores, but also for the other non-general processing features of their chips, as part of the migration in client side scripting toward HTML5.[91]
A negative implication of Moore's law is obsolescence, that is, as technologies continue to rapidly "improve", these improvements may be significant enough to render predecessor technologies obsolete rapidly. In situations in which security and survivability of hardware or data are paramount, or in which resources are limited, rapid obsolescence may pose obstacles to smooth or continued operations.[92] Because of the toxic materials used in the production of modern computers, obsolescence if not properly managed, may lead to harmful environmental impacts. On the other hand, obsolescence may sometimes be desirable to a company which can profit immensely from the regular purchase of what is often expensive new equipment instead of retaining one device for a longer period of time. Those in the industry are well aware of this, and may utilize planned obsolescence as a method of increasing profits.[93]
Moore's law has affected the performance of other technologies significantly: Michael S. Malone wrote of a Moore's War following the apparent success of shock and awe in the early days of the Iraq War. Progress in the development of guided weapons depends on electronic technology.[94] Improvements in circuit density and low-power operation associated with Moore's law, also have contributed to the development of Star Trek-like technologies including mobile telephones[95] and replicator-like 3-D printing.[96]
Several measures of digital technology are improving at exponential rates related to Moore's law, including the size, cost, density, and speed of components. Moore wrote only about the density of components, "a component being a transistor, resistor, diode or capacitor,"[80] at minimum cost.
Transistors per integrated circuit – The most popular formulation is of the doubling of the number of transistors on integrated circuits every two years. At the end of the 1970s, Moore's law became known as the limit for the number of transistors on the most complex chips. The graph at the top shows this trend holds true today.
Density at minimum cost per transistor – This is the formulation given in Moore's 1965 paper.[1] It is not just about the density of transistors that can be achieved, but about the density of transistors at which the cost per transistor is the lowest.[97] As more transistors are put on a chip, the cost to make each transistor decreases, but the chance that the chip will not work due to a defect increases. In 1965, Moore examined the density of transistors at which cost is minimized, and observed that, as transistors were made smaller through advances in photolithography, this number would increase at "a rate of roughly a factor of two per year".[1]
Dennard scaling – This suggests that power requirements are proportional to area (both voltage and current being proportional to length) for transistors. Combined with Moore's law, performance per watt would grow at roughly the same rate as transistor density, doubling every 1–2 years. According to Dennard scaling transistor dimensions are scaled by 30% (0.7x) every technology generation, thus reducing their area by 50%. This reduces the delay by 30% (0.7x) and therefore increases operating frequency by about 40% (1.4x). Finally, to keep electric field constant, voltage is reduced by 30%, reducing energy by 65% and power (at 1.4x frequency) by 50%.[note 2] Therefore, in every technology generation transistor density doubles, circuit becomes 40% faster, while power consumption (with twice the number of transistors) stays the same.[98]
The exponential processor transistor growth predicted by Moore does not always translate into exponentially greater practical CPU performance. Since around 2005–2007, Dennard scaling appears to have broken down, so even though Moore's law continued for several years after that, it has not yielded dividends in improved performance.[99][100][101] The primary reason cited for the breakdown is that at small sizes, current leakage poses greater challenges, and also causes the chip to heat up, which creates a threat of thermal runaway and therefore, further increases energy costs.[99][100][101] The breakdown of Dennard scaling prompted a switch among some chip manufacturers to a greater focus on multicore processors, but the gains offered by switching to more cores are lower than the gains that would be achieved had Dennard scaling continued.[102][103] In another departure from Dennard scaling, Intel microprocessors adopted a non-planar tri-gate FinFET at 22 nm in 2012 that is faster and consumes less power than a conventional planar transistor.[104]
Quality adjusted price of IT equipment – The price of information technology (IT), computers and peripheral equipment, adjusted for quality and inflation, declined 16% per year on average over the five decades from 1959 to 2009. [105][106] The pace accelerated, however, to 23% per year in 1995–1999 triggered by faster IT innovation,[14] and later, slowed to 2% per year in 2010–2013.[105][107]
The rate of quality-adjusted microprocessor price improvement likewise varies, and is not linear on a log scale. Microprocessor price improvement accelerated during the late 1990s, reaching 60% per year (halving every nine months) versus the typical 30% improvement rate (halving every two years) during the years earlier and later.[108][109] Laptop microprocessors in particular improved 25–35% per year in 2004–2010, and slowed to 15–25% per year in 2010–2013.[110]
The number of transistors per chip cannot explain quality-adjusted microprocessor prices fully.[108][111][112] Moore's 1995 paper does not limit Moore's law to strict linearity or to transistor count, "The definition of 'Moore's Law' has come to refer to almost anything related to the semiconductor industry that when plotted on semi-log paper approximates a straight line. I hesitate to review its origins and by doing so restrict its definition."[80]
Moore (2003) credits chemical mechanical planarization (chip smoothing) with increasing the connectivity of microprocessors from two or three metal layers in the early 1990s to seven in 2003.[54] This progressed to nine metal layers in 2007 and thirteen in 2014.[113][114][115] Connectivity improves performance, and relieves network congestion. Just as additional floors may not enlarge a building's footprint, nor is connectivity tallied in transistor count. Microprocessors rely more on communications (interconnect) than do DRAM chips, which have three or four metal layers.[116][117][118] Microprocessor prices in the late 1990s improved faster than DRAM prices.[108]
Hard disk drive areal density – A similar observation (sometimes called Kryder's law) was made as of 2005 for hard disk drive areal density.[119] Several decades of rapid progress resulted from the use of error correcting codes, the magnetoresistive effect, and the giant magnetoresistive effect. The Kryder rate of areal density advancement slowed significantly around 2010, because of noise related to smaller grain size of the disk media, thermal stability, and writability using available magnetic fields.[120][121]
Network capacity – According to Gerry/Gerald Butters,[122][123] the former head of Lucent's Optical Networking Group at Bell Labs, there is another version, called Butters' Law of Photonics,[124] a formulation that deliberately parallels Moore's law. Butter's law says that the amount of data coming out of an optical fiber is doubling every nine months.[125] Thus, the cost of transmitting a bit over an optical network decreases by half every nine months. The availability of wavelength-division multiplexing (sometimes called WDM) increased the capacity that could be placed on a single fiber by as much as a factor of 100. Optical networking and dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) is rapidly bringing down the cost of networking, and further progress seems assured. As a result, the wholesale price of data traffic collapsed in the dot-com bubble. Nielsen's Law says that the bandwidth available to users increases by 50% annually.[126]
Pixels per dollar – Similarly, Barry Hendy of Kodak Australia has plotted pixels per dollar as a basic measure of value for a digital camera, demonstrating the historical linearity (on a log scale) of this market and the opportunity to predict the future trend of digital camera price, LCD and LED screens, and resolution.[127][128][129]
The great Moore's law compensator (TGMLC), also known as Wirth's law – generally is referred to as bloat and is the principle that successive generations of computer software increase in size and complexity, thereby offsetting the performance gains predicted by Moore's law. In a 2008 article in InfoWorld, Randall C. Kennedy,[130] formerly of Intel, introduces this term using successive versions of Microsoft Office between the year 2000 and 2007 as his premise. Despite the gains in computational performance during this time period according to Moore's law, Office 2007 performed the same task at half the speed on a prototypical year 2007 computer as compared to Office 2000 on a year 2000 computer.
Library expansion – was calculated in 1945 by Fremont Rider to double in capacity every 16 years, if sufficient space were made available.[131] He advocated replacing bulky, decaying printed works with miniaturized microform analog photographs, which could be duplicated on-demand for library patrons or other institutions. He did not foresee the digital technology that would follow decades later to replace analog microform with digital imaging, storage, and transmission mediums. Automated, potentially lossless digital technologies allowed vast increases in the rapidity of information growth in an era that now sometimes is called an Information Age.
The Carlson Curve – is a term coined by The Economist [132] to describe the biotechnological equivalent of Moore's law, and is named after author Rob Carlson.[133] Carlson accurately predicted that the doubling time of DNA sequencing technologies (measured by cost and performance) would be at least as fast as Moore's law.[134] Carlson Curves illustrate the rapid (in some cases hyperexponential) decreases in cost, and increases in performance, of a variety of technologies, including DNA sequencing, DNA synthesis, and a range of physical and computational tools used in protein expression and in determining protein structures.
A decade later, he revised what had become known as Moore's Law: The number of transistors on a chip would double every two years.
1965: Moore's Law is born when Gordon Moore predicts that the number of transistors on a chip will double roughly every year (a decade later, revised to every 2 years)
technical progress in the semiconductor industry has continued to proceed at a rapid pace ... Advances in semiconductor technology have driven down the constant-quality prices of MPUs and other chips at a rapid rate over the past several decades.Check date values in:
|date= (help)
Moore also affirmed he never said transistor count would double every 18 months, as is commonly said. Initially, he said transistors on a chip would double every year. He then recalibrated it to every two years in 1975. David House, an Intel executive at the time, noted that the changes would cause computer performance to double every 18 months.
We won't have the rate of progress that we've had over the last few decades. I think that's inevitable with any technology; it eventually saturates out. I guess I see Moore's law dying here in the next decade or so, but that's not surprising.
... the rate of increase of complexity can be expected to change slope in the next few years as shown in Figure 5. The new slope might approximate a doubling every two years, rather than every year, by the end of the decade.
... compared with −25% to −35% per year over 2004–2010, the annual decline plateaus around −15% to −25% over 2010–2013.
Memories ... don't need too many interconnects. Logic chips are more irregular and are dominated by communication requirements...generally have larger number of interconnects and thus need more levels of them.
Currently 2.5-inch drives are at 500GB/platter with some at 600GB or even 667GB/platter – a long way from 20TB/platter. To reach 20TB by 2020, the 500GB/platter drives will have to increase areal density 44 times in six years. It isn't going to happen. ... Rosenthal writes: "The technical difficulties of migrating from PMR to HAMR, meant that already in 2010 the Kryder rate had slowed significantly and was not expected to return to its trend in the near future. The floods reinforced this."
|Wikibooks has a book on the topic of: The Information Age


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Originally written on AFC East Daily | Last updated 11/21/12
Running back Stevan Ridley has been quietly and efficiently putting together a season for the New England Patriots' record books. Shadowed by an MVP-caliber season by Tom Brady, Ridley's performance has been exactly what New England was hoping for when it got him for a steal in the third round of the 2011 draft. Ridley was the seventh running back chosen in that draft, taken after Miami's Daniel Thomas, Dallas's Demarco Murray, and of course, New England's first choice at back, Shane Vereen. Ridley won the starting role during preseason and hasn't looked back, currently ranking seventh in the league in yards (842) and second in touchdowns (7). Ridley's nearing the top of the Patriots' all-time leaders, as well, currently 19th in team single-season yardage. If he can continue his current average of carries (18.5) and yards (84) per game, he'll finish the season with more than 1350 yards, good enough for fourth behind Jim Nance among all New England backs in history.But before we get ...
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Kwes. - Meantime ep (Warp)Add To My Listening Post
Kwes. is a record producer, songwriter & musician who makes 'freepop' (pop music without boundaries). He has worked with artists including The xx, Ghostpoet, Elan Tamara, DELS, Damon Albarn's Drc Music, Leftfield, Micachu (Kwesachu Mixtapes) and more. He has also reworked several including Hot Chip and The Invisible amongst others.
Kwes. is also a solo artist and has released to critical acclaim, his first limited edition single and his debut EP on XL Recordings imprints Salvia and Young Turks in 2009 and 2010.
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Fashion may change in the blink of an eye, but some things remain the samethese fun and flattering vintage-style suits blend the best of...
12 Heartfelt Holiday Gifts Under $30
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21 Perfect Christmas Presents for Her


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Artquest Talk: Getting the most out of Exhibitions
29 Mar 2014
Event times
3 - 5pm
- 129-131 Mare Street
- London
- United Kingdom
- www.spacestudios.org.uk
Travel Information
- 26 & 48 from Liverpool Street, 106 & 254 from Bethnal Green, 55 from Old Street
- Tube: Bethnal Green, Liverpool Street
- Hackney Central Overland or London Fields Station
AboutExhibitions are seen by many artists as the proverbial pot of gold at the end of the rainbow. In reality they are a means to an end, rather than an end in themselves. This talk hosted by Artquest with presentations by guest artists will look at the role that exhibiting plays in a practitioners wider career and what you can do to maximise on the opportunities provided by showing your work
Have you been to this event? What do you think? Join the discussion here!
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Pamela S. Karlan: "Gideon" Turns 50
Pamela S. Karlan is Kenneth and Harle Montgomery Professor of Public Interest Law at Stanford Law School.This spring marks the 50th anniversary of Gideon v. Wainwright, in which the Supreme Court considered the Sixth Amendment's guarantee that "in all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right . . . to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence." The Court unanimously interpreted the Amendment as requiring that states provide attorneys for defendants who lack the resources to hire them privately. The "noble ideal" that "every defendant stands equal before the law," Justice Hugo Black's opinion declared, "cannot be realized if the poor man charged with crime has to face his accusers without a lawyer to assist him." Given an attorney for his retrial, Clarence Gideon was acquitted.Today, the vast majority of felony defendants depend on appointed counsel to represent them, and the quality of representation varies wildly.
Originally published 02/11/2013
Richard White: Americans Didn't Always Yearn for Riches
Richard White, Margaret Byrne Professor of American History at Stanford University, is author, most recently, of Railroaded: The Transcontinentals and the Making of Modern America.Speaking in New Haven in 1860, Abraham Lincoln told an audience, "I am not ashamed to confess that 25 years ago I was a hired laborer, mauling rails, at work on a flat-boat—just what might happen to any poor man's son." After his death, Lincoln's personal trajectory from log cabin to White House emerged as the ideal American symbol. Anything was possible for those who strived.
- Did a historian who said he's a victim of McCarthyism get the story wrong?
- Stephanie Coontz's work on the history of marriage cited by the Supreme Court.
- How Does It Feel To Have One's Work as a Historian Cited by the Supreme Court? Cool. Very Cool. Thank You Very Much.
- NYT History Book Reviews: Who Got Noticed this Week?
- David Hackett Fischer wins $100,000 prize for lifetime achievement in military writing


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