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The commandment to search Isaiah
I always hear about keeping the commandments. But what are they? It's not that easy to name them all. The Israelites had it wrapped up into Ten Commandments, which makes sense. But then again, it became difficult trying to figure out what it meant to keep the Sabbath day holy. Just how many steps can you walk? Turn the light […]Read More →
Pacific Coast Earthquake Faults
I've lived in California most of my life. I know what an earthquake feels like. Nothing can prepare you for that shaking of the earth. All of a sudden you feel very small. I'm curious about the San Andreas Fault — My grama lived through the San Francisco quake. I'm not too keen on living on the Pacific Plate, which […]Read More →
Teasing Isn't Good
Some families, friends, and associates "tease" each other. They seem to make a sport of poking-fun at one another and become expert in the "put-down". You know what I'm talking about. It seems fun and innocent, but really it's sarcasm. It's making fun of someone — which is not fun for the person who is the butt of the joke. I […]Read More →
Free Online Disaster Preparedness Course
Sometimes you just don't know where to start when it comes to preparing for disasters. You have to buy things and the list can get long. And who likes to think about chaos taking over? But I know it happens and will happen. It might be easier to start by buying a gallon of water each time you go to […]Read More →
Homemade skincare the Lazlo way
When I was about 18, I read a book about skin care in which the author shared her enthusiasm for the Hungarian Erno Lazlo skin care method. In the late 60s and early 70s, Dr. Lazlo became popular in Hollywood when Marilyn Monroe started using it and Audrey Hepburn said "50% of my beauty I owe to my mother and 50% […]Read More →
Where less people live
I grew up in southern California, in Los Angeles county — county of the Angels by name alone. Sometimes I can't understand why. Maybe it was not so crazy-populated back in the 60s, maybe it was good for me to learn how to navigate chaotic freeways. LA county covers a large area, and we lived in the suburban neighborhood of […]Read More →
The parroting stage
When I first started to homeshool, I searched everywhere for information on how to do it. My sister tipped me off to a book about a classical education called The Well Trained Mind. The author explains how children learn in stages, called the trivium: 1. The Parrot Years — The Grammar Stage: Kindergarten through fourth grade 2. The Argumentative Child […]Read More →
When I'm Dead and Rotten
I like to write. But I don't want to be a bore. I'm reminded of something that Peggy Noonan said in one of her books — (I've always liked her easy writing style.) While employed as one of Ronald Reagan's speechwriters, she bemoaned the fact that most of the staff thought of themselves as writers. Since everyone writes — from […]Read More →
The skill of self confidence in five steps
I try to instill self-confidence in my kids — without being a dragon mother. And you can't be a phoney baloney when you praise your kids — they recognize it. While watching my children grow up, I tried to perceive their natural abilities and encourage them to develop those. I would say to them, "just give it a try, if […]Read More →
Faith as a mustard seed
When I was about ten years old, I had a small glass locket with a mustard seed in it. I can't remember where I got it, but I was fascinated by it. I knew it had something to do with faith. Plus, I'm a naturalist — I love to collect things of nature. Funny thing, I don't know what happened […]Read More →


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1. Scoop flesh out of butternut squash with a spoon or cut it out with a knife.
2. In a medium saucepan, combine broth, flesh of butternut squash, garlic powder, onion powder, curry powder, salt and pepper.
3. Bring soup to a boil and reduce heat to simmer for about 10 minutes.
4. Puree soup with an immersion blender until smooth. (You can also use a blender or food processor, if desired)
5. Ladle into bowls and serve with a dollop of Lime Crema, if desired.

subset: commoncrawl


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by Eve Conant NEWSWEEK
From the magazine issue dated Jan 12, 2009
In the grim, sleepless months of excavation after the September 11 attacks, forensic pathologists in New York City worked day and night to identify the dead. They didn't have much to go on. The collapsed World Trade Center towers had burned at temperatures reaching 2,000 degrees, incinerating those trapped inside. Many of the bodies of the passengers aboard the two airplanes that struck the buildings were consumed by burning jet fuel, leaving only traces of DNA, much of it so damaged that it was impossible to read. Few bodies were found intact. Most of the human remains culled from the vast wreckage at Ground Zero were little more than tiny fragments of charred tissue and bone. The volume was overwhelming. Robert Shaler, who headed the city's Department of Forensic Biology and was a leader of the identification effort, worried his lab would be paralyzed if it tried to identify every piece. At first, they decided they would only attempt to test samples that were "the size of a thumb or larger," he says. But when they saw how small many of the fragments were, they changed their minds. "If we were really going to make an honest effort," Shaler says, "we had to do everything that came along."
Shaler and his colleagues at the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner gave weekly updates to family members of the victims, reporting how many of the dead had been identified and reassuring them that the city was doing everything to identify their loved ones.…Continue reading
by Richard Falk, United Nations Special Rapporteur on Human Rights in the Palestinian Territories
For eighteen months the entire 1.5 million people of Gaza experienced a punishing blockade imposed by Israel, and a variety of traumatizing challenges to the normalcy of daily life. A flicker of hope emerged some six months ago when an Egyptian arranged truce produced an effective ceasefire that cut Israeli casualties to zero despite the cross-border periodic firing of homemade rockets that fell harmlessly on nearby Israeli territory, and undoubtedly caused anxiety in the border town of Sderot. During the ceasefire the Hamas leadership in Gaza repeatedly offered to extend the truce, even proposing a ten-year period and claimed a receptivity to a political solution based on acceptance of Israel's 1967 borders. Israel ignored these diplomatic initiatives, and failed to carry out its side of the ceasefire agreement that involved some easing of the blockade that had been restricting the entry to Gaza of food, medicine, and fuel to a trickle.
Israel also refused exit permits to students with foreign fellowship awards and to Gazan journalists and respected NGO representatives. At the same time, it made it increasingly difficult for journalists to enter, and I was myself expelled from Israel a couple of weeks ago when I tried to enter to carry out my UN job of monitoring respect for human rights in occupied Palestine, that is, in the West Bank and East Jerusalem, as well as Gaza. Clearly, prior to the current crisis, Israel… Continue reading
The United States gave Israel free reign Friday on whether to send troops into the Gaza Strip, insisting that the key to a ceasefire is an Israeli demand for Hamas to permanently halt rocket fire.
But the White House said it has asked Israel to try hard to avoid civilian casualties as reserves were called up for an expected ground incursion on top of a week of air strikes that has killed more than 400 Palestinians.
"We've been in regular contact with the Israelis," White House deputy press secretary Gordon Johndroe told reporters when asked if US officials were trying to prevent a possible ground offensive.
US officials have urged the Israelis "to be mindful that any of the actions that they're taking in Gaza avoid unnecessary civilian casualties and also to help continue with the flow of humanitarian goods," he said.
"So I think any steps they are taking, whether it's from the air or on the ground or anything of that nature, are part and parcel of the same operation," Johndroe said.
"Those will be decisions made by the Israelis," he said.
"Israel has a right to defend itself from these rocket attacks, and so we'll see," Johndroe said when asked about progress toward a ceasefire.
After briefing Bush about events in Gaza, just 18 days before he hands the White House to his successor Barack Obama, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice said Washington was pursuing diplomacy with its partners in the Middle East.…Continue reading
By Cernig
Wednesday Dec 24, 2008
Via my Newshoggers colleague Anderson comes this:
By a vote of 180 in favour to 1 against (United States) and no abstentions, the Committee also approved a resolution on the right to food, by which the Assembly would "consider it intolerable" that more than 6 million children still died every year from hunger-related illness before their fifth birthday, and that the number of undernourished people had grown to about 923 million worldwide, at the same time that the planet could produce enough food to feed 12 billion people, or twice the world's present population. (See Annex III.)
The Bush administration, speaking for the U.S.A., therefore must consider it tolerable that 6 million children die every day – children who could be fed if we weren't wasting billions on stealth fighters, littoral combat boondoggles and non-effective defense against non-existant ballistic missiles from Iran.
Just so you get that, here it is again:
… Continue reading
In favour: Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia (Federated States of), Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of Korea, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United Republic of Tanzania, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Viet Nam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
by Michael Parenti
December 7, 2008
Author's website: www.michaelparenti.org.
Barack Obama is on record as advocating a military escalation in Afghanistan.
Before sinking any deeper into that quagmire, we might do well to learn something
about recent Afghan history and the role played by the United States.
Less than a month after the 11 September 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center
and the Pentagon, US leaders began an all-out aerial assault upon Afghanistan,
the country purportedly harboring Osama bin Laden and his al Qaeda terrorist
organization. More than twenty years earlier, in 1980, the United States intervened
to stop a Soviet "invasion" of that country. Even some leading progressive
writers, who normally take a more critical view of US policy abroad, treated
the US intervention against the Soviet-supported government as "a good
thing." The actual story is not such a good thing.
Some Real History
Since feudal times the landholding system in Afghanistan had remained unchanged,
with more than 75 percent of the land owned by big landlords who comprised only
3 percent of the rural population. In the mid-1960s, democratic revolutionary
elements coalesced to form the People's Democratic Party (PDP). In 1973,
the king was deposed, but the government that replaced him proved to be autocratic,
corrupt, and unpopular. It in turn was forced out in 1978 after a massive demonstration
in front of the presidential palace, and after the army intervened on the side
of the demonstrators.
The military officers who took charge invited the… Continue reading
By Dave Lindorff
December 2, 2008
Before the odor of burned gunpowder has left the air of the Taj Mahal Hotel
in Mumbai, the US is lecturing India not to go off half-cocked and attack Pakistan,
simply because all of the attackers in the terrorist assaults in that city arrived
by boat, apparently from neighboring Pakistan. US officials, including Secretary
of State Condoleezza Rice, are calling on India to engage in a "transparent"
and "thorough" investigation into the attacks to establish who was
How different this is from the American government's response to the
9-11 attacks in the US!
Instead of a "transparent" investigation, we got secret sessions
of the Congressional intelligence committees, closed-door interviews of key
officials, including President Bush and Vice President Cheney by the 9-11 Commission,
and of course the secret round [up] of thousands of mostly Islamic people living
in the US, many of whom were held for months incommunicado and without charge,
some of whom were subjected to torture, and many other of whom were deported
to likely arrest, torture and even death.
Instead of a calm assessment of what had happened and who was responsible,
the Bush Administration rounded up Saudi members of the Bin Laden family, and
others connected to the regime in Saudi Arabia, whence came most of the people
reportedly involved in the hijacking of the four planes used in the attacks,
and, with no attempt at interrogation, flew them home to Saudi Arabia.
Then, again with only minimal evidence, the US launched an all-out war within
days upon Afghanistan, with the goal of ousting and destroying the Taliban government
of that country.…
October 17, 2008
by Peter Dale Scott
For over two years now I have been speaking and writing about what I call deep events. I mean by deep events the traumatic and unexpected episodes that recur periodically in US history and alter it, nearly always for the worse. These deep events can never be properly analyzed or understood, because of an intelligence dimension which results in a socially imposed veil of silence, both in the government and in the Mainstream Media.
The more that I look at these deep events comparatively, ranging over the past five decades, the more similarities I see between them, and the more I understand them in the light of each other. I hope in this paper to use analogies from the murder of JFK and 9/11 to cast new light on the murders of Martin Luther King and Robert F. Kennedy.1
I began this analysis in 2006 by comparing the JFK assassination with 9/11. I drew attention to over a dozen similarities, of which today I will be focusing on only four:
1) the remarkable and puzzling speed with which those in power identified what I call the designated culprits (Lee Harvey Oswald and the 19 alleged hijackers),
2) the self-incriminating trail allegedly left by the culprits themselves — such as the bundle that James Earl Ray is said to have conveniently left in a doorway on his way to his car. Oswald was said to have carried a flagrantly falsified draft card identifying… Continue reading
Peter Dale Scott
August 17, 2008
Recently I published two articles pointing to suggestive similarities between the recurring deep events in recent American history — those events which, because of their intelligence aspects, are ignored, misrepresented, or covered up in the American media. The first article pointed to overall similarities in many deep events since World War II. The second pointed to surprising points of comparison in the two deep events which were followed shortly by major U.S. wars: the John F. Kennedy assassination and 9/11. In the background of all these events, I suggested, was recurring evidence of the milieu "combining intelligence officials with elements from the drug-trafficking underworld."1
Inthis essay I shall first attempt to lay out the complex geography ornetwork of that milieu, which I call the global drug connection, andits connections to what has been called an "alternative" or "shadow" CIA. I shall then show how this network, of banks, financial agents of influence, and the alternative CIA,contributed to the infrastructure of the Kennedy assassination and aseries of other, superficially unrelated, major deep events.
In this narrative, the names of individuals, their institutions, and their connections arerelatively unimportant. What matters is to see that such a milieu existed; that it was on-going, well-connected, and protected; and that, with increasing independence from governmental restraint, it played a role in major deep events in the last half century.
This of course strengthens the important hypothesis to be investigated,that this on-going milieu may also have contributed to the… Continue reading
This is a news item pertaining to the Complete 911 Timeline investigative project, one of several grassroots investigations being hosted on the History Commons website. The
data published as part of this investigation has been collected, organized, and published by members of the public who are registered users of this website.
9/28/2008: Pentagon on 9/11, Shoe Bombing, Bin Laden in the Soviet-Afghan War and More – Additions as of September 28, 2008
This week, a massive amount of new entries have been added to the timeline, dealing with a whole range of different issues. We will start with the day of 9/11, in particular the Pentagon, which a fire chief warned could be a target nearly 20 minutes before it was hit. The attack itself created confusion by setting off 300 fire alarms, although some medical workers thought the ensuing evacuation was a drill. After wandering about outside the building, Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld refused to follow the established emergency plan and evacuate, instead sending deputy Paul Wolfowitz to an alternate military command center, where the computers and communication systems did not work.
The first fighter was seen arriving over the Pentagon at around 10:40 a.m., the FAA sent the White House incorrect details of the hijacked planes in the early afternoon, and astronauts viewed the devastation in New York from space. Meanwhile, the FBI established a command post near the Pentagon and limited the evidence that needed to be photographed there.
The… Continue reading
By Tod Fletcher
September 11, 2008
In THE NEW PEARL HARBOR REVISITED , David Ray Griffin provides a brilliant and much-needed companion to his path-breaking and movement-building book on 9/11, The New Pearl Harbor (NPH; 2004). Now, on the occasion of the seventh anniversary of those horrific events, Griffin surveys in detail all the main lines of evidence against the official account of 9/11 to have emerged during the last four years. THE NEW PEARL HARBOR REVISITED (NPHR) has been designed as volume 2 of a two-volume set with NPH as volume 1; together they provide a thorough and up-to-date case against the official conspiracy theory (they can be bought separately, of course).
Griffin has already published four other books that provide in-depth analysis of most of the evidence to have emerged since 2004. NPHR's main purpose is to provide an easily accessible survey of all of the new evidence, so that it is now possible for a beginner to the subject (including journalists and members of Congress) to master its enormous complexity simply by reading two books. NPHR is structured identically to NPH; each chapter in NPHR comments and builds on the corresponding chapter in NPH. Much of the content is entirely new; there are many facts and analyses in NPHR which Griffin presents for the first time, and which literally make the book an up-to-the-minute statement of the case.
In the Preface, Griffin explains why he undertook to "update" The New Pearl Harbor . In the Introduction he… Continue reading
by Cindy Sheehan
September 10, 2008
The 7th anniversary of September 11, 2001 is approaching and it seems like
a good time to reflect on what our nation has lost since that tragic day and
what we can do to go forward.
I do not think that anyone alive on that day will forget the shock that struck
our nation when the symbols of US capitalism and militarism were struck out
of the clear blue sky. I was in panic mode for a few days, because I did not
hear from Casey who was stationed at Ft. Hood on that day and his base went
into lock-down and he was too busy to call. Even though we mourn with our fellow
Americans, the loss of over 3000 innocent people and the pain their families
have had to deal with, the attacks of 9-11 have touched every American.
There are several ways to look at 9-11:
— 9-11 was planned and executed by the US government.
— BushCo did not plan 9-11, but they knew it was going to happen and
did nothing to prevent it and, in fact, may have allowed it to happen.
— 9-11 was planned and executed by a group of 17 terrorists (14 of them
from Saudi Arabia) without the foreknowledge of the US government and we were
attacked because the terrorists "hated our freedoms and democracy."
Whichever of the theories is true, one thing is for sure: the Bush regime's
response to 9-11 was woefully… Continue reading
by P. Devlin Buckley
September 5, 2008
The American Monitor
Law firms representing victims of the 9/11 attacks in an ongoing legal dispute with wealthy Saudis suspected of financing al-Qaeda have recently turned their attention to two individuals with unique ties to the U.S. government.
Lawyers for victims of the attacks, as well as insurance companies of property owners in New York, have filed a motion of discovery in federal district court in Manhattan targeting the Saudi-owned National Commercial Bank (NCB) and two of its former executives, Khalid bin Mahfouz and Yassin al-Qadi.
Both Mahfouz and al-Qadi have a murky history that includes alleged ties to the CIA, the White House, the Bush family, al-Qaeda, and organized crime on a global scale.
The discovery motion, if granted, would advance the case by requiring both sides to disclose and exchange all available pertinent facts regarding the defendants. The motion comes just days after a circuit court ruled members of the Saudi government are immune from terrorism lawsuits in the United States, a setback in the plaintiffs' case against Saudis suspected of financing al-Qaeda in the years leading up to 9/11. There are some defendants, however, the ruling does not protect, including Khalid bin Mahfouz, Yassin al-Qadi, and the NCB.
Government documents, expert testimony, and media reports dating back several years suggest Mahfouz and al-Qadi have raised millions of dollars for al-Qaeda and other militant groups. Evidence indicates some of the defendants' activities were sanctioned by the U.S. government.
During the late… Continue reading
This week Visibility 9-11 welcomes former diplomat from the State Department's Foreign Service J. Michael Springmann. Mr. Springmann served postings in Germany, India, Saudi Arabia, and the Bureau of Intelligence and Research in Washington D.C. He is a published author of several articles on national security themes, and is an attorney in private practice in Washington D.C.
Michael has attended several 9/11 Conferences over the years, most notably, the 9/11 Omission hearings on 9/9/2004 chaired by former Representative and current Green Party candidate for President, Cynthia McKinney, as well as the recent conference in Keene, NH.
Included in this important interview is a discussion regarding a new article by Mr. Springmann titled, THE MISTAKE DEPARTMENT: One Example of Why American Foreign Policy is a Disaster (reprinted below) that discusses the American Consulate General at Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and it's relationship to 15 of the 19 alleged September 11th hijackers. In it, he says that "the Jeddah Consulate was not a State Department post but an intelligence services operation", "the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) routinely demanded (and got) visas for sleazy characters with no ties to either their home country or Saudi Arabia," and "these vile people were terrorists recruited by U.S. intelligence officers along with Osama bin Laden, then a CIA asset."
July 13, 2008
Op-Ed Columnist
By FRANK RICH
We know what a criminal White House looks like from "The Final Days" Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein's classic account of Richard Nixon's unraveling. The cauldron of lies, paranoia and illegal surveillance boiled over, until it was finally every man for himself as desperate courtiers scrambled to save their reputations and, in a few patriotic instances, their country.
"The Final Days" was published in 1976, two years after Nixon abdicated in disgrace. With the Bush presidency, no journalist (or turncoat White House memoirist) is waiting for the corpse to be carted away. The latest and perhaps most chilling example arrives this week from Jane Mayer of The New Yorker, long a relentless journalist on the war-on-terror torture beat. Her book "The Dark Side" connects the dots of her own past reporting and that of her top-tier colleagues (including James Risen and Scott Shane of The New York Times) to portray a White House that, like its prototype, savaged its enemies within almost as ferociously as it did the Constitution.
Some of "The Dark Side" seems right out of "The Final Days" minus Nixon's operatic boozing and weeping. We learn, for instance, that in 2004 two conservative Republican Justice Department officials had become "so paranoid" that "they actually thought they might be in physical danger." The fear of being wiretapped by their own peers drove them to speak in code.
The men were John Ashcroft's deputy attorney general, James Comey, and an assistant… Continue reading
On Fox News Sunday this morning, Weekly Standard editor Bill Kristol said that President Bush is more likely to attack Iran if he believes Sen. Barack Obama (D-IL) is going to be elected.
However, "if the president thought John McCain was going to be the next president, he would think it more appropriate to let the next president make that decision than do it on his way out," Kristol said, reinforcing the fact that McCain is offering a third Bush term on Iran.
"I do wonder with Senator Obama, if President Bush thinks Senator Obama's going to win, does he somehow think — does he worry that Obama won't follow through on that policy," Kristol added. Host Chris Wallace then asked if Kristol was suggesting that Bush might "launch a military strike" before or after the election:
WALLACE: So, you're suggesting that he might in fact, if Obama's going to win the election, either before or after the election, launch a military strike?
KRISTOL: I don't know. I mean, I think he would worry about it. On the other hand, you can't — it's hard to make foreign policy based on guesses of election results. I think Israel is worried though. I mean, what is, what signal goes to Ahmadinejad if Obama wins on a platform of unconditional negotiations and with an obvious reluctance to even talk about using military force.
Kristol also suggested that Obama's election would tempt Saudi Arabia and Egypt to think, 'maybe we can use nuclear… Continue reading
This story has now been updated with new information from Symposium organizers.
The New England 9/11 Symposium, held this past Saturday (5/17/08) in Keene, NH, was a tremendous success. We had a great turn out and received local and, of course, independent media coverage.
First, the morning began at 9:45 a.m. with Bob McIlvaine's heartfelt speech, which is a reminder that, as Jon Gold put it, what we feel is nothing compared to what family members like McIlvaine feel. The part of his remarks that stuck out to me the most was when McIlvaine detailed his experiences researching 9/11 on his own and described his utter disgust with the 9/11 Commission. While speaking about the Commission he mentioned the day that Condoleeza Rice testified about the August 6th, 2001 PDB. To him it was obvious that Rice was spinning, lying, and not directly answering any questions posed to her by the Commissioners, who's questions were light as it was. He talked of how outraged he was when, after Rice testified, family members were rushing to shake her hand. The deception was so blatant how could the others not see it? I, as well as many others, believe that Bob is very strong and very brave.
Next up was acclaimed Canadian media critic and author, Barrie Zwicker. Zwicker offered his excellent take on the media's unwillingness to cover this issue. I had seen his presentation before in 2006 but it was watching Zwicker take the editor of The Keene Sentinel (a… Continue reading
Wed May 21, 2008 8:57pm EDT
By Randall Mikkelsen
WASHINGTON (Reuters) – FBI counterterrorism units are dangerously ill-equipped and barely 60 percent of the supervisory positions in the division that tracks al Qaeda were filled as of March, a bureau agent told Congress on Wednesday.
Bassem Youssef told a congressional hearing that the bureau has failed to recruit, retain and promote experienced personnel and experts in Arabic culture and language.
The shortfall has contributed to problems such as the improper use of FBI demands for personal and business records, said Youssef, who helped uncover the abuse.
Youssef, who was born in Egypt, has also sued the FBI alleging discrimination because of his race and ancestry.
"The FBI's counterterrorism division is ill-equipped to handle the terrorism problems we're facing," said Youssef, a 20-year veteran who investigated bombings in 1993 at the World Trade Center and in 1996 at the Khobar Towers residence at a U.S. military base in Saudi Arabia.
Asked how much use the FBI had made of his own experience, he replied, "The bureau used my background and experience very extensively — up to September 11."
Youssef, who heads the FBI counterterrorism division's communications analysis unit, attributed the shift to a name mix-up with another agent, discrimination and cultural ignorance.
Members of the House of Representatives Judiciary subcommittee on crime and terrorism urged the bureau to revise an "up or out" policy that makes supervisors move from the field to Washington headquarters after five years, or take a demotion or retire.…Continue reading


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Vernon (village), New York
|Vernon, New York
Location in Oneida County and the state of New York.
|Coordinates: 43°4′47″N 75°32′25″W / 43.07972°N 75.54028°WCoordinates: 43°4′47″N 75°32′25″W / 43.07972°N 75.54028°W
|United States
|New York
|• Total
|0.9 sq mi (2.4 km2)
|• Land
|0.9 sq mi (2.4 km2)
|• Water
|0.0 sq mi (0.0 km2)
|633 ft (193 m)
|Population (2010)
|• Total
|• Density
|1,300/sq mi (490/km2)
|Time zone
|Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
|• Summer (DST)
|ZIP code
|Area code(s)
|FIPS code
|GNIS feature ID
Vernon is a village in Oneida County, New York, United States. The population was 1,172 at the 2010 census.
The Village of Vernon is located east of the center of the Town of Vernon at the junction of Routes 5 and 31.
The Vernon Center Green Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.[1] The Vernon Methodist Church was listed in 1998.[1]
Vernon is located at 43°4′46″N 75°32′24″W / 43.07944°N 75.54000°W (43.079601, -75.540204).[2]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.9 square miles (2.4 km²).None of the area is covered with water.
As of the census[3] of 2000, there were 1,155 people, 499 households, and 314 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,264.5 people per square mile (490.1/km²). There were 544 housing units at an average density of 595.6 per square mile (230.8/km²). The racial makeup of the village was 97.92% White, 1.13% Black or African American, 0.17% Native American, 0.09% Asian, 0.35% from other races, and 0.35% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.04% of the population.
There were 499 households out of which 32.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.9% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.9% were non-families. 31.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.85.
In the village the population was spread out with 24.3% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 30.9% from 25 to 44, 23.2% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 99.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.2 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $34,600, and the median income for a family was $41,375. Males had a median income of $33,984 versus $23,804 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,930. About 7.4% of families and 9.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.2% of those under age 18 and 5.5% of those age 65 or over.
- ^ a b "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2009-03-13.
- ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
- ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.


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Who has the best third line in the NHL ?
Abbott and Costello have a new routine.
Re: Game 68: Wild @ Bruins GDT
posted at 3/18/2014 11:54 AM EDT
Who has the best third line in the NHL ?
Abbott and Costello have a new routine.
Re: Game 68: Wild @ Bruins GDT
posted at 3/18/2014 1:24 PM EDT
In response to Bruinfaninnewjersey's comment:
In response to NeelyOrrBourque's comment:
In response to Bruinfaninnewjersey's comment:
Impressive win... took about 10 mins to get comfortable but once they got dialed in, it was pretty slick (some defesive lapses, but Rask was there.)
BFINJ. I would like to bring up that comment you made about the B's peaking too soon. They're not even close to peaking. Yes they are winning games, but in the games that they played really well during this streak who was it against? Fla and Car are the 2 freshest and they're enough to make my point. Against the Rangers, Habs, the Wild are exam of where they've been totally flat! If it wasn't for Rask they could've easily been down by 3 or 4 goals after the 1st and maybe even 5 against the Rangers. They played great against teams they should destroy. They've played ok against some of the better teams. This team has far from peaked buddy. The wins are great and they're even better knowing they can play even better yet. Cheers!
Fair enough. I can't remember if I was saying they have peaked or if I was speculating that they would peak prior to a playoff run (I think the media has questioned CJ on this as well.) They beat a pretty good Montreal team in there... and I really just meant that there is still a lot of hockey left to play.


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YIELD: Serves 4
Boil both stocks in medium saucepan until reduced to 1 cup, about 10 minutes. Remove from heat.
Sprinkle veal with salt and pepper. Dredge veal in flour to coat; shake off excess. Heat 1 tablespoon oil in heavy large skillet over high heat. Working in batches, add veal and sauté until cooked through, about 2 minutes per side. Transfer veal to platter; tent with foil to keep warm. Repeat with remaining veal, adding more oil to skillet as necessary.
Add reduced stock mixture, cream, 1/2 cup chopped tomatoes, 4 tablespoons basil and tomato paste to skillet. Simmer until reduced to sauce consistency, whisking frequently, about 5 minutes. Add 1/3 cup Gorgonzola; stir until melted.
Pour sauce over veal. Sprinkle with remaining 1/4 cup chopped tomatoes, 2 tablespoons basil and 1/3 cup Gorgonzola.


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High quality research depends on listening to the voices of children and young people, as well as their families and carers, taking account of their experiences, priorities and perspectives.
GOSH is committed to the Department of Health's national strategy which puts patients at the centre of all NHS-related activity.
Children, families and members of the public can be involved:
- As patients/participants voluntarily taking part in clinical or other well designed studies.
- As patients and public members working with researcher professionals and clinicians and getting actively involved in the different stages of research.
Get involved
There are many different ways of getting involved with research at GOSH or the UCL Institute of Child Health. You can be a research participant in a study, or you can get involved in the background design and implementation of a research project.
Research participation
If you are a parent of a child receiving care at GOSH, or you are a patient yourself and are interested in what studies are available to you to take part in, please contact your consultant in the first instance. She or he will know if there are any studies going on in that area/disease group that would be available to you or your child to take part in.
Getting involved and engaged with research
There are many different ways you can get involved in helping to advise about research studies going on at GOSH or the UCL Institute of Child Health. For example, you can help advise on the overall research design, helping to develop the research project, or assisting with getting the results of a study out to the general public. The following websites may be useful in identifying opportunities open to you:
- INVOLVE provide information and resources for people wanting to help develop research.
- Involving London promotes opportunities from across London where you can get involved and details of training and other events.
- People in Research allow you to search for further involvement opportunities relating to specific conditions.
If you are interested in becoming involved in one of our Patient and Public Involvement or Engagement activities, please contact our PPI/E lead for research, Dr Erin Walker, for more details.
Coming to the Somers Clinical Research Facility
The Somers Clinical Research Facility (CRF) is a purpose built day-care facility for children and young people taking part in clinical research studies. It provides a welcoming, safe and appropriate environment for children, young people and their families. The facility has a dedicated team of Children's Research Nurses that care for children and their families when they are taking part in a clinical study.
- Visit the Somers CRF website to find out more, including location and contact details
- We also have information on what to expect when you visit the Somers CRF.
Patient stories
Hear from other parents, children and young people about what it it like to be involved in research at Great Ormond Street Hospital and their experiences visiting the Somers Clinical Research Facility.
When Emma's son Sam was three he was diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a life-limiting condition which causes the breakdown and loss of muscle cells. Here, Emma shares her experience of having a child with DMD, and what it's like to take part in a clinical trial at Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH).
Joe was diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis when he was six years old. At the time he was so ill he couldn't get out of bed. Now Joe's life has been transformed by a clinical trial at Great Ormond Street hospital. Here Joe tells us his story.
Joshua has Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a genetic condition which causes muscle weakness due to the breakdown and loss of muscle cells. Joshua and his mum, Zeena, tell us about their experience taking part in a clinical trial at Great Ormond Street Hospital.


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Coach's lost 12 points alone for three hand-washing-facilities violations and four more for "proper internal cooking/consumer advisory posted."
On its next inspection, Coach's rebounded with an 89, a B that was one point from an A despite having a garbage area the inspector called filthy, dirty drying racks and unlabeled liquids.
Coach's management did not return multiple messages left by TBL.
- Bio | E-mail | Recent columns
- SEARCH: Hartford Restaurant Inspections Database
Restaurant Inspection: How It Works
How It Works>> A restaurant inspection by the Environmental Health Division of the city's Department of Health and Human Services includes a checklist of more than 100 items. Points are subtracted, anywhere from one to four, depending on the violation.
>> The inspection conforms to the state's public health code, which requires a food-service establishment maintain a minimum score of 80, with no four-demerit-point violations related to hygiene, food preparation, drainage or sewage.
>> Hartford has applied a letter grade - an A for scores 90 or higher, a B for scores 80 to 89 - that, by city ordinance, must be posted this year in restaurant windows. Any restaurant that scores below 80 must submit to a re-inspection.
>> Any restauant that receives a four-point violation automatically receives a failing grade and must correct the violations within two weeks.
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Not far away, near Union Station, where the Black Bear Saloon proudly displays its A notification (a 94 score), manager Jen MacDonald gives the city's initiative a thumbs-up.
"I do think it would affect how I think about the place," she says, "but it would not make me not go in. I like it. Well, we got an A. So I like it. If we got a B, we'd be upset."
Or worse. In early January, the Black Bear flunked its first test with a 68 score that included a four-point demerit for inaccessible hand-washing facilities — a sink for bar workers was filled with soaking equipment — ice bins on the floor, raw food stored over "ready to eat" food, a melted spatula, inaccurate or poorly placed thermometers in coolers and uncovered rubbish in a unisex bathroom.
None of these details, initial test results or scores, however, will be revealed on the restaurant-window notice. The only way to get the actual inspection reports is to file a Freedom of Information request and pay for the printed copies, as TBL did.
"I don't even remember that [inspection]," says MacDonald. "I feel like it might have been a fill-in manager. I don't know. The other managers have been through it more and have run other restaurants."
Remember, these inspections are only a snapshot of a restaurant on a particular day at a particular time. A high numerical score, even a letter-grade A, can still include some nauseating offenses.
"The health department shows up randomly, whenever they want," says Keller. "It's a little nerve-wracking if they show up in the middle of a serving shift or if they show up immediately after a busy lunch. Most of the health inspectors are pretty good — they'll usually do their inspections first thing in the morning because they also understand."
When a city health inspector arrived at Dish in early January, he found a dirty wall behind an ice machine, dusty fans, scoops in a flour bin and not much else. The score: 94.
"I was more than happy to see my inspector come in and slap an A on my window," says Keller. "I've had a number of clients comment, 'Isn't that that nice that you have an A sitting in your front window.'"


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Track: All-American Rollins Inducted Into Springdale HOF
Posted: July 20, 2014 at 1:30 a.m.
Paige Farrell-Rollins was always going to be a first-ballot inductee into the Springdale High School Athletic Hall of Fame.
Springdale High Athletic Hall Of Fame
Induction Ceremony: 5:30 p.m. Saturday, Aug. 9, Springdale High cafeteria
Info/Tickets: 479-750-1680
Inductee^Graduation Year
Jerry Delozier^1953
Jerry Brewer^1958
Ron Baker^1963
Rick Fine^1979
Afton Scott^1984
Craig McKee^1991
Aaron Adams^1991
Paige Farrell-Rollins^2004
Meagan Pless^2004
Bill Carter^Meritorious Service
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Gal Gadot Talks Her Wonder Woman Workout
The Best DC Heroes Ever
Top Deadliest And Most Intimidating DC Villains of All Time
6 TV Finales That Failed Spectacularly
Dwayne Johnson Confesses His Crush on Hayley Atwell
Outlander Finale: Did the Show Go Too Far?
See The Best Cosplays From SDCC 2014
Divorced for Being "Too Old" See Her Revenge Makeover
Will Christian Bale Ever Play Batman Again?
Will The Hulk Come Back?
Jason Statham Confirms Role In Fast And Furious 8
The Horror Games You Have to Play This Year
Kaley Cuoco Shows Off Her Tennis Skills
Teen Titans Live Action is Headed to TNT
Man of Steel - Cuffed ?!
9 Movie Characters Who'd Make Great Batman Villains
The Punisher: Origins and Evolutions
10 Most Memorable Women in Spider-Man's Love Life
14 Movie Heroes Who Should Fight Each Other
Stephen Curry, NBA Stars Read Awesome Mean Tweets On 'Jimmy Kimmel'
Warner Bros. Rumored to Have 9 Superhero movies in Store
A First Look at the New Animated Guardians of the Galaxy Series
The Cast and Characters of the Warcraft Movie!
The X-Men Movie Franchise's Most Embarrassing Plot Holes
Marvel Studios Announces New Dates and Titles
How Disney Princesses Would Look With Realistic Hair
The Best and Worst Marvel Villains
Independence Day 2 Gets the Green Light from 20th Century Fox
10 Parts in Terminator 2 That Make Absolutely No Sense
Hunger Games 2 Pics Show Some Action


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CINCINNATI (AP) — The parents of an autistic toddler are suing the state Department of Health and others, accusing them of denying their son federally mandated treatment in a case that could affect how other autistic children are cared for in the state.
Parents of autistic boy sue Ohio health department
The lawsuit, filed last week in federal court in Cincinnati, accuses the state of discriminating against children with autism and their parents by failing to provide them with a type of intensive treatment known as applied behavioral analysis.
The lawsuit was filed by Robert and Holly Young, of Williamsburg, about 25 miles east of Cincinnati. The Youngs' 2-year-old son, Roman, was diagnosed with moderate to severe autism a year and a half ago.
"It's been a living nightmare," said Holly Young, a Miami Township police officer. "It's heart-wrenching to know what you need to give your son and you can't provide it, and no one will help. And the people who are supposed to help seem to be turning their backs."
Under the Individuals with Disabilities Act, states are required to provide early intervention services for children with autism, a developmental disorder characterized by difficulties communicating, emotional detachment and excessively rigid or repetitive behavior, among other symptoms. States get federal money to provide the treatment, with the goal of turning children with autism into self-sufficient adults who won't have to depend on public resources.
The Youngs argue that Roman, who doesn't speak and has other difficulties, needs 46 hours of applied behavioral analysis a week, including 33 hours of in-home, one-on-one time with a therapist. That's based on diagnoses and recommendations the Youngs got from various autism experts, including doctors at the Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Dayton-based Trumpet Behavioral Health.
The Youngs say the state has repeatedly denied their requests for the intensive therapy, offering just two hours of speech therapy a month.
"The state is condemning Roman to a life that will not be self-sufficient, that will not minimize his need for special education, and that will not maximize his potential to live independently," according to the lawsuit, filed Dec. 18. "The developmental time lost to Roman due to the state's culpability cannot be regained. Roman is being irreparably harmed for life and the harm mounts daily."
Department of Health spokesman Robert Jennings said Friday he could not comment on the Youngs' case because of the pending legal action. But he said federal guidelines don't specifically require states to provide applied behavioral analysis.
Continue reading this story on the...


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Circa 1900 Lenox Ceramic Golf Mug. ...
2013 December 6 - 7 Golf Collectibles Catalog Auction featuring The Sam Snead Collection - Dallas #7090
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Heritage Auctions
3500 Maple Avenue
Dallas, TX 75219
|Printable auction results for all items in the 2013 December 6 - 7 Golf Collectibles Catalog Auction featuring The Sam Snead Collection - Dallas.
Circa 1900 Lenox Ceramic Golf Mug. Hand painted in the well-known Lenox green and white, this turn-of-the-century ceramic depicts a lady golfer putting in calf length skirt, white blouse and straw hat. Her faithful caddy, with golf bag resting on shoulder, observes. Also featured on this trophy is an old clubhouse. Height is approximately five and three-quarter inches. Fine condition. One of two examples presented within this Signature auction. No chips. Minor tarnishing of silver lip. "Lenox" stamp on base.
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about 1 year ago
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1899 $1 PR67+ Deep Cameo PCGS....
2013 April 24 - 28 CSNS US Coin Signature Auction - Chicago #1184
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Renaissance Schaumburg Convention Center Hotel
1551 North Thoreau Drive
Schaumburg, IL 60173
|Printable auction results for all items in the 2013 April 24 - 28 CSNS US Coin Signature Auction - Chicago.
1899 Dollar, PR67+ Deep Cameo1899 $1 PR67+ Deep Cameo PCGS. The 1899 dollar has always been a popular date for collectors, both as a circulation strike issue and as a proof. Business strikes are popular with collectors because of the low reported mintage of only 330,000 pieces, but it has long been rumored that many more were struck than this low number. Proofs are average in quantity produced for the era with 846 pieces struck. However, quality varies from coin to coin and is nowhere as consistent as the three previous years. This is easily seen by the number (or rather lack thereof) of Deep Cameo examples at this lofty level, only two pieces have been so graded at each service (3/13). Lower grade Deep/Ultra Cameo coins are not significantly more available either.
Essentially Perfect Surfaces
Finest Certified at PCGS
Essentially Perfect Surfaces
Finest Certified at PCGS
This particular coin is, however, comparable in overall quality of production to the proofs from the 1896-1898 era. The fields are equally deep in mirrored reflectivity. The devices are heavily frosted as well, and the contrast between the fields and devices yields the stark contrast necessary for a Deep Cameo designation. Each side is free from any post-striking defects, at least we have not seen any that are worthy of comment. In the way of pedigree identifiers, there are several interesting ones. It appears that several short threads or pieces of lint were struck into the planchet around star 2 on the obverse. Usually such debris falls away from the coin after striking, but here they are firmly imbedded in the coin. Each side is essentially brilliant, one has to search for any trace of color. Among PCGS-certified dollars of this date, this is the finest Deep Cameo graded.(Registry values: N4719) (PCGS# 97334)
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May 29, 2014
The May 2014 Commencement ceremony was featured on Word on the Shore May 23
May 23, 2014
The award is given to the undergraduate student with highest GPA with all credits earned exclusively at Monmouth University.
May 16, 2014
A total of $1,000 was raised and will be donated through The Kortney Rose Foundation to the pediatric brain tumor research program at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.
May 08, 2014
Fasano was among 4,200 undergraduates from across the country to present research at the NCUR.
May 01, 2014
Software Engineering students program robots to dance to "Single Ladies" and "Who Let the Dogs Out."
April 21, 2014
One of the longest running undergraduate psychology conferences in the nation
April 14, 2014
Five students recently earned grand prize awards
Over $10,000 was raised for The Valerie Fund
Monmouth University Student Research Conference on April 16
April 11, 2014
Associate Professor of Psychology Lisa Dinella and students from the "A Field Experience in the Psychological Principals of Animal Training" were featured in the Star-Ledger on April 10.
April 01, 2014
Event will raise money for The Valerie Fund.
March 26, 2014
The program was recognized as one of the best programs in the nation by U.S. News & World Report
March 25, 2014
Cancro pledges $110,000 to Monmouth University at the event.
March 04, 2014
Cancro is the founder and chief executive officer of Jersey Mike's Franchise Systems.
February 14, 2014
Paws for a Cause" event includes police dog demonstrations and door prizes.


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A 32-ounce soda being filled at a Manhattan McDonalds. On March 11, a state judge blocked the city's attempt to limit sugary drinks to 16 ounces. / Mario Tama, Getty Images
New York City on Thursday appealed a judge's ruling that struck down Mayor Michael Bloomberg's attempt to limit the size of sugary beverages.
The ban was halted before it could go into effect by state Supreme Court Justice Milton Tingling.
In his March 11 ruling, Tingling said the 16-ounce limit was arbitrary in terms of particular beverages and where they are sold. He also said the city's health board did not have the regulatory authority to limit or ban a legal product for purposes of "controlling a chronic disease." That power rests with the city council, he said.
The size limit pertained to sweetened bottled drinks and fountain beverages sold at restaurants, delis, movie theaters, sports venues and street carts. It covered drinks with more than 25 calories per 8 ounces, but exempted beverages with 100% juice or more than 50% milk.
In its appeal, which was expected, the city disputed Tingling's findings.
"The rule is designed to make consumption of large amounts of sugary drinks a conscious and informed choice by the consumer," it said. "Thus, although a consumer is free to consume more than 16 ounces by ordering a second drink, getting a refill, or going to another store, he or she will be making an informed choice."
The appeal also argued that the health board has the legislative authority to regulate beverage sales and and set public health standards.
Copyright 2015 USATODAY.com
Read the original story: NYC appeals to restore size limit on sugary drinks


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I think you said everything that needs to be said Jen. I cannot believe that after seeing what he did to his family he still, STILL goes and contacted her AGAIN!! I just can't wrap my brain around it. I can't imagine what you're feeling. I am so sorry you have to go through this. You are an beautiful person inside and out. An amazing mother to your kids. You do not deserve this and again I am so sorry you have to go through this. I wish there was something I could do or say to make it better, but I doubt that will happen. I'm praying for you and I love you and I really, really hope that in time your wounds will heal. But it will take time. (((HUGS))) And he's a selfish idiot for thinking that he can get away with something like that.
**Angel baby Jan '10**
**CP Nov '10**
Expecting #2, my miracle baby! - 8//27/12
I saw your facebook update and was like oh crap. I'm so sorry that he hurt you again. Seriously, he did'nt even make it one day back home with his family without contacting that bitch. You are a much better woman than I would have been. After telling him "Fuck you" I would have dropped kicked his ass out of my house.
If I'm ever in California, I'm going to meet up with you so we can have some drinks.
Proud wife to Andy 11-18-00
Mommy to Danielle (mild Autism) 10-22-03, Allie 12-22-06, Andrew 9-15-08
OMG. I just don't know what to say. He is everything you said he is, Jen. He truly is. I have some other words I could use but won't. This is the absolute height of selfishness, obliviousness, insensitivity, immorality, childishness, meanness... every bad word out there.
I cannot BELIEVE he was shocked that you are filing for divorce! WHAT A MORON!!! That just PROVES that he has NO IDEA what he has done, that in his own little world he is somehow ENTITLED to EVERYTHING that he wants. The IDEA that he would EXPECT you to stay married to him after he has put you through this hell, after he has lied to you and cheated on you and USED you--seriously, he must be totally insane!!!!!! Would HE stay if you did that to HIM? Of course not. But you never would do that because you're not a total asshole!
How a person can do this is just beyond me. It truly is. I'm so sorry, Jen, but I'm glad you are getting away from this monster. You deserve SO much better. Ugh, what a loser. I hope one day he is truly sorry for throwing away such a great life and I hope he feels every bit as hurt as you do now when he realizes that you won't take him back.
I'm very sorry Jen. I am so glad her husband told you what was going on, so you are not stuck living in his lie. You tried to him a second chance, and he blew it. You cannot live with someone, you no longer trust. I'm sorry, it has led to divorce, but it is for the best. You deserve so much better, and to be happy! You are a great person and mother.
I am so very sorry.
My best attribute is knowing when not to answer stupid questions. -Gina Gershon-
Jen I am so sorry!! You don't deserve this. HUGS
Tracy, mommy to
Nathan 12/20/2006
Jackson 8/31/2012
First ((HUGS).
Second..good for you. (for that last part) I probably wouldn't have been so nice though. LOL! He got his chance and now it's probably best to move on.
KAT mommy to Bella (12/2006) and Camden (6/2010)
Speck due 6/7/2012 (team green!)
Oh, Jen, I'm so sorry! I agree with what the others have said. You are doing the right thing. I am just so sorry that you & the kids have to go through this. How could he even think he could do it again! What a **%$*#$%!!! I just want you to know that you are an amazing person and mother!!! you deserve so much better than this!!!! Most importantly you deserve to be happy! I wish I lived closer to you to give you a hug, shoulder to cry on and an ear to listen. ((HUGS)), Jen! You WILL survive this! xoxoxoxo
~Christine, mommy to 2 beautiful girls
I'm so sorry. Wish we lived closer so we could go out for a drink or something. I completely get what you're saying about crying more than you thought was humanly possible.
I'm sick for you and so very, very sorry. I wish I didn't know how much pain you're in.
Sending you hugs, strength, love and peace. Message me anytime.


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Saints sign McAllister, make him honorary captain
NEW ORLEANS Deuce McAllister will lead the New Orleans Saints into the playoffs, at least during introductions.
The Saints re-signed their popular all-time rusher on Friday with the intention of making him an honorary captain, but McAllister won't play in Saturday's divisional-round playoff game against the Arizona Cardinals, Saints coach Sean Payton said.
Payton said the Saints first discussed the idea of making McAllister an unofficial guest captain a couple weeks ago. When reserve defensive tackle Rodney Leisle hurt his knee and was unable to practice this week, Payton and general manager Mickey Loomis decided to make McAllister an official part of the team.
"We felt like it was appropriate for the divisional game," Payton said. "He's so well thought of. He's so well respected by the players."
McAllister has been out of football for about a year, but participated in a closed practice at the club's suburban training headquarters.
"I'm speechless," McAllister said. "I don't know that there are words to describe this feeling. I do know that we have some unfinished business that we started a few years ago and we want to finish the deal."
The 31-year-old McAllister has rushed for 6,096 career yards. His 55 total touchdowns and 49 rushing TDs also are club records.
However, he tore anterior cruciate ligaments in both knees, first his right one in 2005 and then the left in 2007. He's had minor cleanup operations since and played hurt throughout the 2008 season, having fluid drained from his left knee on a routine basis.
Since the Saints released him last February, he has been working out at a sports medicine institute run by orthopedic surgeon Dr. James Andrews in Gulf Breeze, Fla., and on his own in his hometown of Jackson, Miss.
McAllister said when the Saints released him last winter, he thought he'd have at least three more good seasons in him. As this season wore on, it did not appear any team was going to give him a chance.
"Teams were looking at injuries, looking at age, looking at salary. One thing I learned through the whole thing is to savor the moment," McAllister said. "I feel pretty good. The knees are doing pretty good. You never know how it will respond to a game, but we have to get to that point."
A first-round draft choice out of Mississippi in 2001, McAllister was a big part of the Saints' last playoff team, rushing for 1,057 yards in 2006. That was the last time the Saints had a 1,000-yard rusher.
He rushed for 143 yards and a touchdown when the Saints beat Philadelphia in the divisional round of the playoffs that season, also the club's last playoff win.
Even if the Saints advance in the playoffs, there's little chance of McAllister getting on the field in later rounds. Pierre Thomas has been the Saints' leading rusher this season with 793 yards and six TDs. Reggie Bush and Mike Bell also have been regular contributors in the ground game all season long, and the Saints have a fourth healthy running back on the roster in Lynell Hamilton, who also plays on special teams.


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A method is provided for making of interconnect solder bumps on a wafer or other electronic device without depositing any significant amount of tin or other solder component from the solder onto the wafer surface which tin can cause shorts or other defects in the wafer. The method is particularly useful for well-known C4NP interconnect technology. In one aspect of the invention, a reducing gas flow rate is used to remove oxides from the solder surfaces and wafer pad surfaces and is of a sufficient determined or pre-determined flow and/or chamber or mold/wafer spacing to provide a gas velocity across the solder surfaces and wafer pad surfaces so that Sn or other contaminants do not deposit on the wafer surface during solder transfer. In another aspect, the transfer contact is performed below the melting point of the solder and subsequently heated to above the melting temperature while in transfer contact. The heated solder in contact with the wafer pads is transferred to the wafer pads.
1. A method for forming solder bumps on an electronic substrate surface comprising the steps of:
providing a solder transfer mold having a plurality of solder mold openings in an array, which mold openings are filled with solder;
positioning the solder containing openings of the mold proximate the surface of an electronic substrate to which the solder is to be transferred, the array openings in the mold corresponding to an array on the electronic substrate surface;
providing a seal around the mold and the electronic substrate and forming a chamber;
heating the chamber to an elevated temperature preferably sufficient to liquify the solder;
passing a reducing gas into the chamber contacting the mold and the electronic substrate to remove oxides from the mold solder and electronic component surfaces and removing the gas after passing through the chamber;
determining the flow rate of the reducing gas into the chamber needed to provide a sufficient gas velocity to prevent any significant Sn or other solder components from depositing on the substrate surface;
maintaining the determined flow rate during the transfer of the solder from the mold to the substrate;
transferring the solder from the mold openings to the corresponding array on the electronic substrate surface by bringing the solder mold and electronic substrate into transfer contact or near contact; and
removing the seal from the around the mold and removing the solderless mold from the electronic substrate leaving the electronic substrate with the solder from the mold openings on the surface thereof.
2. The method of
3. The method of
4. The method of
5. The method of
6. The method of
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to the making of interconnect solder bumps on a wafer or other electronic device without depositing any significant amount of tin from the solder onto the wafer surface which tin can cause shorts or other defects in the wafer, and, in particular, to the well-known C4NP interconnect technology.
2. Description of Related Art
Forming an electronic package assembly whereby an electrical component such as an integrated circuit chip is electrically and mechanically connected to a substrate, a card, or board, another chip or another electronic part is well-known in the art. This technology is generally termed surface mount technology (SMT) and has gained acceptance as the preferred means of making electronic package assemblies. The interconnect technology is commonly known as ball grid array packaging, C4 flip chip interconnect, multi-chip modules, multilayer and micro via printed wiring boards and surface mount hybrid assembly.
Multilayer ceramic and organic electronic components are typically joined to other components by soldering (or capture) pads on a surface of one of the electronic components to corresponding soldering (or capture) pads on the surface of the other component. Control Collapse Chip Connection is an interconnect technology developed by IBM as an alternative to wirebonding. This technology is generally known as C4 technology or flip chip packaging. Broadly stated, an integrated circuit chip is mounted above a ceramic or organic substrate and pads on the chip are electrically and mechanically connected to corresponding pads on the substrate by a plurality of electrical connections such as solder bumps to form an electronically connected module. A module is typically connected to other electronic components by solder or socket type connections.
In the C4 interconnect technology a relatively small solder bump is attached to the pads on one of the components being joined, typically to the chip. The electrical and mechanical interconnects are then formed by positioning the corresponding pads on the substrate to be joined adjacent the solder bumps on the chip and reflowing the bumps at an elevated temperature. The C4 joining process is self-aligning in that the wetting action of the solder will align the chip bump pattern to the corresponding pads on the substrate. Capture pads can also be sputtered and subsequently etched without any plating.
Capture pads for C4 bumps on semiconductor wafers or on the substrate to be interconnected are well-known and are typically made by a through resist plating of Ni or Cu/Ni pads onto a Cu seed layer. It is also preferred to use a conductive barrier layer on the substrate surface and the Cu seed layer is preferably made by sputtering of Cu onto a sputtered TiW layer.
In C4 technology the solder bumps are formed directly on the capture pads of the one unit. The pads are electrically isolated from other pads by the insulating chip passivation and substrate that surrounds each pad. The substrate may be un-doped silicon (Si) or some other material. The bottom of the pad is electrically connected into the chip or substrate circuit.
A major application of C4 is in joining semiconductor microchips (integrated circuits) to chip packages. Chips usually are made in rectangular arrays on a mono-crystalline slab of silicon called a "wafer," which is a thin disc several inches across. Many chips are formed on each wafer, and then the wafer is diced into individual chips and the chips are "packaged" in units large enough to be handled. The C4 bumps are placed on the chips while they are still joined in a wafer.
One method of forming solder bumps uses sputtering or vacuum deposition. Solder metal is evaporated in a vacuum chamber and the metal vapor coats everything in the chamber with a thin film of the evaporated metal. To form solder bumps on the substrate, the vapor is allowed to pass through holes in a metal mask held over the substrate. The solder vapor passing through the holes condenses onto the cool surface into solder bumps. This method requires a high vacuum chamber to hold the substrate, mask, and flash evaporator.
An alternative technique for making solder bumps is electrodeposition, also called electrochemical plating or electroplating. This method also uses a mask such as patterned photoresist and forms solder bumps only at the selected sites. Other methods include screening a solder paste through a mask and depositing micro-bumps in place.
The C4NP transfer process is the preferred method and uses a mold containing the solder and transfers the solder in the mold to the capture pad of the wafer and upon heating forms solder bumps on the wafer pads. The process however may result in organo-Sn and Sn or other components of the solder being deposited on the surface of the wafer during transfer processing. These wafers will be rejected due to these surface deposits because the presence of these deposits is a source of high resistance shorts between C4's and paths for electro-migration fails during field use. The mold solder bumps are preferably filled with solder by an Injection Molding Solder (IMS) method as described below.
Bearing in mind the deficiencies of the prior art it is an object of the present invention to improve the C4NP process and in particular the method for the transfer of the solder in the mold to the capture pad of the wafer substrate.
Still other objects and advantages of the invention will in part be obvious and will in part be apparent from the specification.
The above and other objects, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art, are achieved in the present invention which is directed to a method for forming solder bumps on an electronic substrate surface comprising the steps of:
In another aspect of the invention a method is provided for forming solder bumps on an electronic substrate surface comprising the steps of:
The features of the invention are believed to be novel and the elements characteristic of the invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The figures are for illustration purposes only and are not drawn to scale. The invention itself, however, both as to organization and method of operation, may best be understood by reference to the detailed description which follows taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
In describing the preferred embodiment of the present invention, reference will be made herein to
Various solders may be readily processed using the method of the invention and these include lead and lead-free ternary and quaternary alloys. Lead-free alloys are of particular commercial significance and for convenience the following description will be directed to such lead-free alloys although it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that any suitable solder may be readily processed using the method of the invention. Exemplary lead-free alloys include Sn-1.8% Ag, Sn-0.5% Ag and Sn-0.7% Cu. Also, in particular, the following description will be directed to tin containing lead-free alloys since these are likewise of significant commercial interest and an efficient method of providing solder interconnects with these alloys is of important commercial consideration.
IMS is the preferred method to make mold plates containing cavities which are filled with solder and a preferred transfer device for use in the method is shown in
The mold plates can be made from a variety of materials. Since transfer of the solder from the mold plate to the final solder receiving substrate, such as the wafer, occurs at elevated temperatures, matching the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the mold plate and substrate is important. This is especially true as the area to be transferred increases. Thus, for a single chip, or even a 4 inch diameter wafer, the smaller distance to a neutral point is such that the mold and substrate can tolerate some CTE mismatch and yet still works successfully. However, for larger areas such as 8 inch and 12 inch diameter wafers it is important that the mold material closely match the CTE of the wafer substrate, i.e., silicon.
Cavities (the solder openings) 14 in the mold plate are in a pattern and are the mirror image of the solder receiving pads on the final substrate or wafer. The cavities can be produced in a mold plate by any number of techniques, the selection of which is dependent upon the cavity size and pitch as well as the mold plate material. Cavity volume uniformity is essential since they directly determine the solder bump volume on the wafer.
The above method as shown in
Alignment of the mold and the transfer substrate, i.e., wafer, is critical to the success of wafer mold or bump transfer. When transparent mold plates are used, it is relatively easy to align solder filled cavities to wafer pads. When non-transparent material is used, or when a gaseous flux is used, alignment using split optics may be necessary. Depending upon the environment of the transfer, flux may or may not be used. If used, it can be applied in a thin even coat onto the filled mold plate or wafer before proceeding to the transfer fixture. Or it can be applied in the vapor phase at or near the solder transfer temperature. If not used, oxide reducing methods such as pressure variation or hydrogen reflow can help to facilitate the transfer. In general, when the solder in the mold plate is in a liquidus state and the wafer pads are oxide free, the solder wetting forces exceeds surface tension forces that maintain the molten solder in their cavities. After cooling to solidify the solder, the solder bumps are released from the mold plate onto the wafer pads and the mold plate is lifted from the wafer. The shape of the bumps on the wafer tend to be spherical, especially if the capture pad on which they are transferred is round. The wafer can now be independently subjected to a final solder reflow excursion after wafer test to obtain spherically shaped bumps on the wafer pads if test damage makes this necessary.
The present invention is directed to improving the above transfer process and it is believed that the source of tin deposits on the wafer surface are from the solder in the mold and that the deposits occur prior to contact of the solder in the mold to the capture pad on the wafer.
The Sn contamination problem is believed to arise when one of two mechanisms occurs. In the first mechanism, some of the tin from the solder in the mold is vaporized and redeposited onto the wafer surface. The vapor pressure of Sn is fairly low, however, in the presence of formic acid, it is much greater. The second possible mechanism is that the solder in the mold has an oxide coating that is thinned during the formic acid flow. When a pin hole opens in the solder oxide surface, the liquid solder under the oxide is under pressure due to the volumetric expansion during melting and it will "squirtout" through this pin hole and spray onto the wafer surface. The liquid solder may be atomized as it rapidly exits the mold cavity through this pin hole in the oxide surface and microscopic tin balls may be formed on the wafer surface.
The subject invention is directed to methods to eliminate the surface tin contamination of the wafer during the C4NP transfer process.
In a first aspect of the invention as shown in
It is an important aspect of the invention that any Sn forming as a vapor not be deposited on the wafer surface and this is accomplished by maintaining an effective gas flow rate across the wafer and pad surfaces which sweeps away any vaporized Sn or other solder components during the transfer process. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the gas velocity across the mold surface and wafer surface is dependent on a number of parameters such as the gas flow rate in and out of the chamber, the space between the mold and the wafer surface and the size of the containment chamber. For example, for the same gas flow rate in and out of the chamber and the same space between the mold and the wafer, a larger size containment chamber will provide a lower gas velocity across the surface of the mold and wafer. Similarly, for the same size containment chamber and space between the mold and the wafer, increasing the gas flow rate in and out of the chamber will increase the velocity across the wafer surface and mold surface. Likewise, for the same size containment chamber and gas flow rate in and out of the chamber, increasing the space between the mold surface and the wafer surface will decrease the velocity across the mold surface and wafer surface. The effective gas flow rate for a particular transfer process can be determined empirically.
It has been found for a 12 inch wafer using as the seal a confinement chamber which is about 13 inch diameter and 2 mm high that a reducing gas flow rate of about 3.5 liter/minute was ineffective to prevent the redeposition of Sn on the wafer surface. Doubling the flow rate to about 7 liter/minute prevented the formation of Sn deposits on the wafer surface. In this example the space between the mold surface and wafer surface was the same and was about 2 mm. If the space was increased it would be preferable to likewise increase the gas flow rate into the chamber above the 7 liter/minute flow rate. If a smaller confinement chamber is used, a lower gas flow rate in and out of the chamber can be used to provide the sufficient gas velocity to prevent Sn contamination of the wafer surface.
Broadly stated, if, in the operation of the C4NP transfer process it is found that there is Sn or other solder component contamination on the wafer surface, the Sn contamination can be prevented following the method of the invention by either increasing the reducing gas flow rate into the chamber, reducing the size of the chamber at the same flow rate and/or reducing the space between the wafer surface and mold surface. If, for example, as noted above, the confinement chamber and space between the wafer and mold surfaces are kept constant, increasing the flow rate of the reducing gas will increase the gas velocity across the wafer surface and mold surface and prevent Sn deposition the wafer surface.
In a preferred aspect of the invention, an effective flow rate into the chamber is determined or pre-determined for a specific chamber, wafer size, and spacing and this or a higher flow rate is maintained during the transfer process. Deposition of Sn on the wafer surface can be determined by examination of the wafer visually. For many cases, 1� visual is adequate. Further confirmation can be done with a low powered microscope. XPS can be used to get a quantitative Sn concentration.
In a second aspect of the invention as shown in
Referring now to
The improved C4NP process of this invention is applicable to pad layers such as TiW/Ni, TiW/Co, TiW/Cu/NiP, TiW/NiV, TiW/NiV/Cu, TiW/NiSi, TiW/NiSi/Cu, and other Ni and Cu alloys that are compatible with the solder C4s. Further, while the above description describes the mold below the electronic substrate during transfer, for some methods the mold may be positioned above the electronic substrate.
While the present invention has been particularly described, in conjunction with a specific preferred embodiment, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. It is therefore contemplated that the appended claims will embrace any such alternatives, modifications and variations as falling within the true scope and spirit of the present invention.
Thus, having described the invention, what is claimed is:
Patent Citations
Referenced by
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training camp
Colin Fraser w/ Alex Ferrario
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The Cardinals have had a tough start to the second half, Rams training camp is around the corner and the British Open begins this week. Ron Jacober covers that and more in this edition.