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Ozone & UV Treatment Companies in Iran
Category: Water & Wastewater ×
Subcategory: Ozone & UV Treatment ×
Location: Asia & Middle East ×
Location: Iran ×
Dr. A. Kuntze GmbH
based in Meerbusch, GERMANY
Dr. A. Kuntze company has a 60-year tradition of developing and manufacturing sensors, controllers and ready-to-run analyzers. For pH, ORP, conductivity, free chlorine, chlorine dioxide, peroxide and ozone. For disinfection and neutralisation applications. For legionella prevention. For cooling water and boiler-feed water. For drinking water and utility water.
Eco Sensors Division of KWJ Engineering Inc.
based in Newark, CALIFORNIA (USA)
Eco Sensors Division of KWJ Engineering Inc. is the premier designer and supplier worldwide of low-cost ozone sensing instruments. These are used to monitor safety in the workplace, control ozone generators, monitor and control processes such as food production and storage, deodorization, sterilization, and measuring ozone dissolved in water. Our instruments are simple, ...
EOS Climate
based in San Francisco, CALIFORNIA (USA)
EOS Climate is the premier global producer of high-quality, verified emission reductions (VERs) generated from the destruction of ozone depleting substances (ODS) which are also extremely potent greenhouse gases. While ODS such as CFCs are no longer manufactured, they are still emitted by leaky, old air conditioning units and refrigeration equipment. As greenhouse gases ...
Hansatech Instruments
based in King`s Lynn, UNITED KINGDOM
Hansatech Instruments is a small, British, scientific instrument company located in the heart of rural Norfolk. For over 35 years, our efforts have been concentrated towards the design & manufacture of high quality oxygen electrode and chlorophyll fluorescence measurement systems for the studies of cellular respiration & photosynthesis research
Ozotech, Inc.
based in Yreka, CALIFORNIA (USA)
From small home water purifiers to large commercial water purification systems, Ozotech has emerged as a leading manufacturer of the most reliable and technically advanced ozone water purifiers available today. From home aquariums to industrial laundry, our ozonators power a growing worldwide need for pure, clean water and sanitization.Ozotech Inc., founded in 1986, ...
SWAN Analytische Instrumente AG
based in Hinwil, SWITZERLAND
SWAN is one of the leading manufacturers of on-line analytical instruments. Every single instrument is made in Switzerland. SWAN has been a global leading provider of on-line analytical systems in the water industry. The current product portfolio ranges from ultrapure water (like pharmaceutical and semiconductor applications), feedwater, steam and condensate monitoring as ...
Aquionics Inc
based in Erlanger, KENTUCKY (USA)
Celebrating our 30th Anniversary this year, Aquionics continues its success of being a UV water treatment leader. Decades of continuous development has put Aquionics and the Halma UV Group at the forefront of UV science and technology. Aquionics has been successfully selling and servicing ultraviolet disinfection equipment within North America in both the municipal and ...
Spectral Innovations Ltd.
based in Surrey, BRITISH COLUMBIA (CANADA)
Spectral Innovations Ltd. researches, designs and manufactures robust UV Treatment Systems. Materials, components, manufacturing techniques and our people are carefully selected to ensure high standards of quality, performance, reliability and integrity. Our UV Treatment Systems find global application in markets ranging from Aquaculture to Wastewater. See the links under ...
A-Zone Technologies Ltd
based in Bristol, UNITED KINGDOM
Introducing "DiaZone", a powerful, state-of-the-art system for water disinfection. DiaZone electrolytic cells incorporate high performance electrodes that generate ozone and oxidants in water and operate at low voltage. No chemicals are required, the system is environmentally friendly and intrinsically safe, providing powerful, effective water disinfection without ...
Calgon Carbon Corporation
based in Pittsburgh, PENNSYLVANIA (USA)
Calgon Carbon Corporation, a global manufacturer and supplier of activated carbon and innovative treatment systems, provides value-added technologies and services for optimizing production processes and safely purifying water and air. As a leader in the activated carbon industry and with ultraviolet light disinfection and oxidation expertise, Calgon Carbon Corporation has ...


text:
- 65Promote
Framed Art Print
Brogues for a dateby Yuliya
Choose from a variety of frame styles, colors and sizes to compliment your favorite Society6 gallery, or fine art print - made ready to hang. Fine-crafted from solid woods, premium shatterproof acrylic protects the face of the art print, while an acid free dust cover on the back provides a custom finish. All framed art prints include wall hanging hardware.
brogue, oxford shoe, date night, romance...

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Dr. Ray Ivanovs specializes in foot surgery in Dover, New Jersey.
Primary Location for Dr. Ivanovs
Board Certification, Specialty and Expertise
Dr. Ray Ivanovs has been identified as specializing in Foot Surgery.
Patients may also know Dr. Ray Ivanovs DPM as:
Compare Similar Podiatrists
We found 5 podiatrists nearby Dr. Ivanovs who also specialize in Foot Surgery
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About / News
kill dust mites alcohol - pictures
Results for: kill dust mites alcohol. Choose any of the images below.
dust mite allergens | dust mite allergy asthma | allergic dust mites
Bed Bug Products Chicago | Bed Bug Bite Pictures
... dust mites and asthma by medical entomologists at the London School of
Dust Mite
dust mite allergies wash bedding at 54 degrees celsius to
hammonssupply.com Blog » Uncategorized
Colds Inhaling steam scented with essential oils like eucalyptus ...
New treatment released to Blitz bed bugs and dust mites
Mealybugs on the underside of this Hoya look like fluffy wads of ...
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dust mites live in your mattress and their favourite bedtime snack are ...
Tips on how to tame allergies and colds
Laundry Detergent - TARC1012
Available in 32oz & Gallon
Mattress Cover for Bed Bugs
Allergies: Gillian\'s Story


text:
Article ID: 323340 - View products that this article applies to.
This article was previously published under Q323340
On This Page
This step-by-step article describes how to use the Snmputil.exe tool to verify the Microsoft Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Agent configuration.
You can use the Snmputil.exe support tool to verify that the SNMP service has been correctly configured to communicate with SNMP management stations. Note that this tool is not available on the Windows Server 2003 installation CD, but you can use the Microsoft Windows 2000 version of this tool to query a computer running Windows Server 2003.
Valid CommandsThe following are valid commands that you can use with the Snmputil.exe tool:
Install the LAN Manager MIB-II AgentThe LAN Manager MIB-II Agent for Windows NT is installed automatically with the SNMP agent, so it is the most convenient MIB to test against.
The following sections illustrate a sample query and response.
Sample Query
Sample ResponseVariable = String Hardware: x86 Family 15 Model 2 Stepping 4 AT/AT COMPATIBLE
Value = Windows Version 5.2 (Build 3621 Uniprocessor Free)
For additional information about SNMP and Traps, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
(https://support.microsoft.com/kb/172879/EN-US/ )Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and Traps
Article ID: 323340 - Last Review: December 3, 2007 - Revision: 7.5
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François Guillaume Ducray-Duminil
|This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (June 2015)
François Guillaume Ducray-Duminil (1761 - 29 October 1819) was a French novelist, poet and song-writer.
Born in Paris, from 1790 onward, Ducray-Duminil was the literary editor of Les Petites Affiches where he was known for the great forbearance of his reviews. A member of several literary societies, most notably of the Société du Caveau, he wrote poetry and lyrics as well as a few plays that were never produced.
He is best known as a writer for children and young adults, a genre in which he became extremely popular. Worried about the moral message of his works, he saw to it that virtue and innocence should prevail after a series of ingenious twists in the plot.
In Les Misérables Victor Hugo refers to his works as "stupid romances" which the favourite reading of Madame Thénardier. Critics ridiculed his style and syntax, but he mainly aimed at clarity, an essential quality considering the type of audience he was addressing. His imagination was fertile, and the enduring success of his work is largely due to his talent as a story-teller. Many playwrights borrowed from his plots.
He died in Ville-d'Avray.
Most of his novels ran into several editions, for example : Fanfan et Lolotte, ou Histoire de deux enfants abandonnés dans une île déserte (Fanfan and Lolotte, the Story of Two Children Abandoned on a Desert Island ) ( Paris, 1787, 4 vol. in-12) ; Alexis, ou la Maisonnette dans les bois (Alexis or the small house in the woods) (1788, 4 vol. in-12) ; Petit Jacques et Georgette, ou les Petits montagnards auvergnats (Small Jacques and Georgette, the Young Mountain Dwellers from Auvergne) (1789, 4 vol. in-18) ; Victor, ou l'Enfant de la forêt (Victor, a Child of the Forest) (1796, 4 vol. in-12) (available at Gutenberg.org) ; Cœlina, ou l'Enfant du mystère (Celina, or the Mystery Child)(1798, 5 vol. in-12), one of his two most popular works ; les Cinquante Francs de Jeannette (Jeanette's Fifty Francs) (1799, 2 vol. in-12) ; les Petits orphelins du hameau (The young orphans from the hamlet) (1800), 4 vol. in-12 ; Paul, ou la Ferme abandonnée (Paul or the abandoned farmstead) (1800, 4 vol. in-12 ; Elmonde, ou la Fille de l'hospice (Edmonde, the charity girl) (1804, 5 vol. in-12) ; Jules, ou le Toit paternel (Jules, or Under his father's roof) (1804, 4 vol. in-12) ; le Petit Carillonneur (The small bellringer) (1809, 4 vol. in-12) ; Jean et Jeannette, ou les Petits aventuriers parisiens (Jean and Jeanette, Two Young Adventurers in Paris) (1816, 4 vol. in-12), L'Hermitage Saint-Jacques ou Dieu, le Roi et la Patrie, (Saint James's Hermitage ; or For God, King and Country) 1815, etc.
His other works include a poem upon the death of the duke of Brunswick (Poème sur la mort du duc de Brunswick) (1787, in-8°) ; la Semaine mémorable ou Tableau de la révolution depuis le 12 juin 1789 (1789, in-18) ; Codicille sentimental, ou recueil de discours, contes, anecdotes, idylles, romances et poésies fugitives (1793, 2 vol. in-12) ; Soirées de la chaumière (1794, 8 vol. in-18, which ran into several editions) ; les Veillées de ma grand'mère, nouveaux contes de fées (1799, 2 vol. in-18) ; Journées au village, ou Tableau d'une bonne famille (1804, 8 vol. in-18) ; le Bon oncle et les neveux, annuaire moral (1812, in-18) ; Contes de Fées (1817, vol. in-18), etc.
- Gustave Vapereau, Dictionnaire universel des littératures, Paris, Hachette, 1876, p. 666
External links[edit]
- Works by François Guillaume Ducray-Duminil at Project Gutenberg
- Works by or about François Guillaume Ducray-Duminil at Internet Archive
Ducray-Duminil's following works are available online at Gallica ( Bibliothèque nationale de France) :
- Alexis, ou La maisonnette dans les bois
- Coelina, ou L'enfant du mystère
- Elmonde, ou La fille de l'hospice
- Les Cinquante francs de Jeannette
- Les Soirées de la chaumière
- Les Veillées de ma grand-mère
- Victor, ou L'enfant de la forêt


text:
For Microwave Mozzarella Crisps
1. In a microwave, place the parchment paper.
2. Place the mozzarella cheese in small batches over the parchment paper.
3. Season with garlic salt and Italian seasoning. Microwave for 2 ½ minutes.
4. Serve crisps with tomato salsa.
For Stove Mozzarella Crisps
1. Heat a saucepan over medium high heat.
2. Place the mozzarella cheese over the pan and spread evenly.
3. Top with Parmesan and season with garlic salt and Italian seasoning. Cook for 30 seconds.
4. Slice the mozzarella crisp and serve as pizza.


text:
This year's Rube Goldberg contest requires that the team build a device to remove the old batteries and insert new batteries in 20 or more steps.
The winning team, from Purdue took 125 steps.
A Quicktime video of their machine can be found here. The /. article for this didn't have the full movie, but Valorie forwarded it from the Destination Imagination mailing list.
Edit: Fixed spelling
PingBack from http://homelightingconcept.info/story.php?id=2339


text:
The Kingdom of God Is Within YouPaperback
Free delivery worldwide
Dispatched in 3 business days
When will my order arrive?
Additional formats available
- Format
- Hardback $36.96
- Publisher: COSIMO CLASSICS
- Format: Paperback | 384 pages
- Dimensions: 128mm x 202mm x 26mm | 440g
- Publication date: 31 December 2005
- Publication City/Country: New York, NY
- Illustrations note: black & white illustrations
- Sales rank: 1,000,517
Product description
The essence of the social conception of life consists in the transference of the meaning of our personal lives into the life of the aggregate of personalities, -the tribe, the family, the race, the state. This transference has taken place easily and naturally in its first forms, in the transference of meaning of life from the personality to the tribe, the family. But the transference to the race or nation is more difficult and demands a special education for it... -from The Kingdom of God Is Within You He is considered one of the greatest novelists in any language in all of human history, but Leo Tolstoy was also an influential social reformer and peace advocate. Subtitled "Christianity Not as a Mystical Teaching but as a New Concept of Life," this powerful exploration of the preachings of Jesus from a pacifistic perspective. First published in 1893, it introduced such important 20th-century figures as Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King to the concept of nonviolent resistance. This edition is vital reading for anyone wishing to understand the history of protest around the world or gain a deeper appreciation of pacifistic Christianity. Russian writer COUNT LEV ("LEO") NIKOLAYEVICH TOLSTOY (1828-1910) is best known for his novels War and Peace (1869) and Anna Karenina (1877). Translation by Harvard professor of Slavic languages, Leo Weiner (1862-1939).
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text:
I probably make, more money in six months
Than what's in your papa's safe
from Rich Homie Quan – Type Of Way Lyrics on Genius
Quan makes more in 6 months off of rapping, trapping, etc. than your father has in his whole life.
To help improve the quality of the lyrics, visit Rich Homie Quan – Type Of Way Lyrics and leave a suggestion at the bottom of the page


text:
You are here
Linguine with Prawns and Scallops in a Roasted Tomato Sauce
|14 Ounce (400 Grams)
|2 1⁄2 Pound (1 Kilograms)
|Olive oil
|3 Ounce (80 Milliliter)
|7 Ounce (200 Gram)
|Green prawns
|7 Ounce, peeled (200 Grams)
|150 Gram, cut into rings
|Firm white fish
|7 Ounce (200 Gram)
|3 Clove (15 gm), crushed
|Brown onions
|2 , diced
|Tomato paste
|1 Tablespoon
|3 Ounce (80 Milliliter)
|2⁄3 Ounce, chopped (1/3 Cup Or 20 Gram)
|Parmesan cheese
|2 Tablespoon
|To Taste
|To Taste
1. Cook the linguine in salted boiling water until al dente and set aside.
2. To roast the tomatoes: preheat the oven to 180°C/350°F/Gas 4. Cut the tomatoes in half and place on a baking tray. Drizzle with a little olive oil, sprinkle with a little salt and pepper, and roast in the oven for 20-25 minutes until tomatoes are well roasted.
3. Place roasted tomatoes in a food processor and process for a few seconds, but do not over-process. (The mixture should still have texture.)
4. Heat half the oil in a pan. Saute the scallops and the prawns for 2 minutes until just cooked, and remove from the pan. Add the calamari and cook for 2 minutes, before removing from the pan. Adding a little more oil if needed, saute the fish for a few minutes until just cooked, and remove from the pan.
5. Heat the remaining oil, and saute the garlic and onion for a few minutes until cooked. Add the tomato mixture, tomato paste and water, and simmer (for 10 minutes). Carefully add the seafood to the sauce, season with salt and pepper, and mix through the chopped parsley.
6. Serve with the linguine and Parmesan cheese.


text:
you can beat zombies with the torch one to one. They dont spot you if you creep around, it's other players you have to worry about.Thu Nov 08 2012 1:40PM Report
Be sure to keep out of sight of players because there are alot of players mainly the young ones who would go around shooting a player even though that player only has small backpack and nothing really worth taking.
Flashlight is nice to have if no other melee weapon, but it means players would know you are about. The game is a lot more fun in a group with good communication, safety in numbers is very nice in WarZ and DayZ. The best and most common melee weapon is a hammer, I found pickaxe but wasn't the best. :)Thu Nov 08 2012 2:05PM Report
Boring game = boring video.
Devs: "it's a co-op zombie shooter"
Players: "Lets gank the newbies and ignore the mobs completely"
Devs: "....."
Players: "Damn right, this is our game!"
Devs: "....."
Players: "Bored now, lets gank each other"
Devs: "....."
Players: "Bored, next game please?"Fri Nov 09 2012 11:55AM Report
this is pretty much a good representation of the survival part of this game. you walk around from point of interest to point of interest looking for supplies needed to survive and deal with zombies that take notice of you.
the problem with this game right now is that the zombie part of the game is no fun. the developers want this to be a zombie mmo but are failing to provide any real reason to play the game for a long time. it might be fun for a night to go on supply runs but then it is reduced to looking for other players to kill and frankly there are way way better shooter games out there if you was just looking for pvp shooter fun.
bottom line: it's not a fun shooter, it's not a fun zombie survival game, it's not even really an mmo. it's a work in progress with some interesting ideas but it needs a whole lot more production work to be a good shooter and more zombie survival features to make it a good zombe survival game.Fri Nov 09 2012 1:19PM Report
There for a minute I though we were going to hear pokket cuss, she stopped short of that, and that was the highlight of the video.
Fri Nov 09 2012 3:46PM Report


text:
Animals Available for Adoption
The shelter, located on the north side of U.S. Highway 80, (2601 Hwy. 80 East) (Location Map) near the city limits on the east side of town, is open seven days a week. Monday through Friday, the shelter opens to the public at 10:00 a.m., Saturday from 7:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. and Sunday from 6:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. The shelter can be reached by calling 972-551-6641.
Remember to Register Your Pet - It's the Law and It Helps Us Care for the Animals!
Learn more about or volunteer at the Animal Adoption Center.
Help Support the Terrell Animal Adoption Center
Terrell Animal Adoption Center
Location Map


text:
History on Chapelboro for
Elijah Hood
Find where Elijah Hood has been mentioned from anywhere on Chapelboro.com!
Find where Elijah Hood has been mentioned from anywhere on Chapelboro.com!
The North Carolina football team fell flat in a 40-21 loss to Rutgers as Josh Hicks ran for 202 yards and a to..
As the 6-6 UNC football team prepares for the Quick Lane Bowl against Rutgers, the offense looks to stay focus..
The Carolina rushing attack has struggled to gain traction all season long, but the void was especially glarin..
The North Carolina football team was unable to get its offense going in a 34-17 loss to Virginia Tech Saturda..
UNC head football coach Larry Fedora is glad his Tar Heels are 2-0, but knows there's a need for improvement..
The No. 21 North Carolina football team rallied from a 24-14 fourth quarter deficit to down San Diego State 3..
If there's one clear strength to the Tar Heels in 2014, it's in the backfield...
The Tar Heel football team will come into the 2014 campaign with high expectations, largely thanks to an antic..
The Carolina football team is ready to put on a show for the outside world Saturday in Chapel Hill...
Carolina's football signing day was a bit anticlimactic compared to some of the other buzz and excitement of..


text:
August 16, 2014
Very good.
February 16, 2014
I'm a knitter so very appropriate!!!
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text:
Karnataka are well on course to win the Ranji Trophy title after extending their overall lead to 169 runs at stumps on the third day of their summit clash against Maharashtra.
Starting the day at 230 for no loss, Karnataka were successful in their plan to bat Maharashtra out of the contest, as they finished the day at 474 for seven in reply to Maharashtra's first innings score of 305.
While No.3 batsman Ganesh Satish (117) was out on his overnight score, opener KL Rahul (131) completed a well-deserved century while veteran Robin Uthappa (72) also hit a stroke-filled half-century to consolidate Karnataka's grip on the proceedings.
While Maharashtra bowlers put up a far better show on the third day taking seven wickets with further addition of 244 runs, the four dropped catches during the second day will certainly come back to haunt the western state.
Left-arm paceman Samad Fallah was pick of the bowlers taking three for 74 while medium pacer Shrikant Mundhe also got a couple of wickets for 89 runs.
Off-spinner Chirag Khurana got two wickets for 110 runs in 39.1 overs.
The day started with centurion Satish being dismissed in the very first over when he missed trying to defend a Khurana straighter on the backfoot. His 212-ball knock contained 16 boundaries.
The 21-year-old Rahul, who was six short of his fourth first-class century, got to the coveted landmark when he swept a Khurana delivery to the mid-wicket boundary. For someone, who is considered to be a national prospect, a hundred in a Ranji Trophy final will do his confidence a world of good.
At the fall of Satish's wicket, veteran Uthappa had come back to bat after having retired hurt with a bruised elbow off Falllah's bowling. He announced his arrival with a sweep towards deep fine leg and a six over long on off Khurana's bowling.
Uthappa's 108-ball innings had 10 boundaries and a six. He was harsh on the spinners as both Khurana and left-arm spinner Akashya Darekar were hit down the ground for straight boundaries. He also punished the pacers Mundhe and Anupam Sanklecha on anything that was bowled on his pads.
He got his 50 off 72 balls when he thumped a Mundhe full-toss towards mid-on for a boundary. Incidentally, that shot also levelled Karnataka's score with Maharashtra.
The Uthappa-Rahul duo added 88 runs in 25 overs at a steady run-rate of 3.52 runs per over.
Rahul was finally caught when he chased a wide delivery from Mundhe and only managed to edge it to Rohit Motwani behind stumps. He scored 131 off 273 balls with 13 fours and two sixes.
Manish Pandey (36) and Amit Verma (29) got starts but couldn't convert them into big scores.
In-form Karun Nair (44, 4×4, 118 balls) looked solid during his stay at the crease but a debatable decision saw him head back to the pavilion.
He tried …continued »


text:
Press Releases.
Dec 30, 2009
Madison County Bank Name Change
Madison MS - December 30, 2009- Madison County Bank of Madison, Mississippi is pleased to announce that effective January 4, 2010 it will begin operating under the name Community Trust Bank of Mississippi.
The Bank has opted to change its name to Community Trust Bank of Mississippi as an initial step associated with its pending merger with Community Trust Bank based in Louisiana. The merger, as previously announced, is scheduled to occur in the first quarter of 2010 and remains subject to certain regulatory approvals. However, the Board of Directors, management and the employees opted to enact the name change at the beginning of the year to help the Madison community become familiar with the Community Trust name and logo. Henry Logue, President and Chief Executive Officer of Madison County Bank noted, "We are extremely excited about becoming a part of Community Trust Bank and operating under the CTB banner. I know that both our existing and new customers will share in that excitement as the change occurs beginning with our new name."
Services to existing bank customers will be unaffected by this name change.
For more information on Community Trust, visit www.ctbonline.com. For information on Madison County Bank, visit www.madisonthebank.com.
Media Contacts:
Henry Logue
President and Chief Executive Officer
Madison Financial Corporation
(601) 898-9890
Drake Mills
President & Chief Executive Officer
Community Trust Bank
(318) 255-2222


text:
Born in rural Cullman County, Alabama, in a small community called Colony, James Fields' experiences in his childhood taught him the values of close and loving family ties and a strong work ethic. Everyone from the youngest to the oldest worked on his family's small farm to cultivate and harvest crops, care for their animals and keep their home and gardens clean and well-maintained.
He learned the values of mutual respect and teamwork from completing chores with his brothers. He remembers many trips with them to bring water to their home from a distant well—balancing the load carefully, carrying the heavy tubs without tipping and navigating along the dirt path, in and out of the narrows where trees cut in.
He enjoyed athletics and church activities while he was in school and was taught good sportsmanship and citizenship by his coaches, teachers and mentors at church. He graduated from Hanceville High School and took the values of his rural upbringing with him to university, earning a Bachelor of Science degree in law enforcement from Jacksonville State University and attending two years of officers' training at the Marine Corps Academy in Quantico, Virginia, from which he received an honorable discharge.
His life has been devoted to helping and guiding people—from working as a supervisor for nearly 30 years for the Alabama Department of Industrial Relations, to serving in the State House of Representatives for Alabama District 12, being a minister, and coaching young people in community leagues. When he announced his candidacy for lieutenant governor of Alabama in November 2013, Fields said, "I've been a coach and mentor to hundreds of children. If I can corral them, teach them, help them to learn to be respectful and make the right choices, I can do that for the Alabama State Legislature."
Fields serves as pastor at St. James United Methodist Church in Irondale, Alabama, as a director of the Alabama Wildlife Federation and sits on numerous boards of trustees, including the Cullman Electric Cooperative, Victims Services of Cullman and Hanceville Civitans.
He and his wife, Yvette Moorer Fields, have seven children and 18 grandchildren.
He has never forgotten the importance of strong family ties, persistence and integrity and has pledged to restore trust, cooperation and fairness to the Alabama state capitol when he is elected in November 2014. "Each of us is called to serve," said Fields. "Register to vote, learn more about the issues and please get involved in my campaign. We can do better."


text: Prepare mint simple syrup. In an old-fashioned style glass, add blueberries and about ½ ounce of mint syrup. Muddle (smash) the blueberries against the bottom of the glass until crushed. Add ice, lime juice and top off with seltzer. Stir well. Add more of any ingredient to taste. Garnish with fresh mint and a few whole blueberries


text:
Learn more about Safety 1st Clic It! Infant Car Seat Carrier:
Manufacturer: Safety 1st
Mfg Part#: CV247AHI
Sku: 249822227
Package Weight: 17.41 lbs
Batteries: Not Applicable
See more in Strollers
|Whether you already own an infant seat that youd love to turn into a travel system or if youre looking for ways to create a unique travel system of your very own the Clic It! by Safety 1st is a universal stroller frame that works with a wide variety of infant seats and gives you the extra features youre looking for.Tested for Safety with these Infant Car Seats:Cosco Comfy CarrySafety 1st Comfy Carry EliteSafety 1st Comfy Carry Elite PlusSafety 1st onBoardSafety 1st onBoard35Safety 1st onBoard35 AirEddie Bauer Sure FitEddie Bauer Sure Fit 35&Eddie Bauer DestinationEvenflo Discovery 5Evenflo SerenadeGraco SnugRideGraco SnugRide 30Graco SnugRide 32Graco SnugRide 35&Graco SnugRide Click Connect 40Baby Trend Flex-Loc Chicco KeyFitChicco KeyFit 30&Peg Perego Primo Viaggio SIP 30-30Maxi-Cosi MicoMaxi-Cosi Prezi


text:
Join Website or existing users Login
Welcome to the home of Cheshunt HC. We are a friendly and social club operating 3 Men's and 1 Ladies teams. Please feel free to take a look at our site and do get in touch if you'd like to join
© Pitch Hero Ltd 2008-2015
Pitch Hero Ltd Registered in ENGLAND | WF17 9TB | Company Number - 636 1033


text:
The Message audio Bible is now available on Bible Gateway! Click to learn more.
possession, a city of Gilead. It was captured by Nobah, who called it by his own name (Num. 32:42). It has been identified with Kunawat, on the slopes of Jebel Hauran (Mount Bashan), 60 miles east from the south end of the Sea of Galilee.


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International Non-US Citizen Admissions
I-20 (F-1 VISA) Requirements for Admission
International students play an important role in enhancing the cross cultural experiences of the student body. There are specific entrance requirements and procedures for international student applicants that may differ from an applicant who is a U.S. Citizen. The strength of the high-school equivalent or college/university program, the record of academic aptitude demonstrated by SAT or ACT results, the TOEFL results and questions on the application are important in determining admission. Jessup applicants who submit academic records for coursework taken outside the United States must submit those records to any credential evaluator approved by the National Association of Credential Evaluation Services (NACES). To view a list of approved service providers, visit Credential Evaluator Services on the web. The student is responsible for associated fees.
Carefully consider the following:
Ø The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) exam is required of all international students and must be taken before acceptance to the university is granted. NOTE: You can be exempt from taking the TOEFL if you have completed at least 4 years of full-time study at a secondary or post-secondary level in which English was the language of instruction, and can provide a letter from the institution stating English is the primary language of instruction. If this is the case, then either you must submit the SAT or ACT instead, unless you are a college transfer with greater than 24 academic solid semester units completed. The TOEFL may still be required if SAT or ACT English language results prove insufficient.
Ø On the TOEFL exam the minimum score requirement is a 550 on the paper-based test (PBT) or a 90 on the internet based test (iBT). Contact the TOEFL Service directly for testing information:
Educational Testing Service
P.O. Box 6151
Princeton, NJ 08541-6151, USA
Contact: www.ets.org/toefl/contact
Website: www.ets.org/toefl
Ø No U.S. government aid is available to foreign students, including student loans. However, we do offer a $3,500 International Student Grant and you may qualify for Jessup academic and athletic scholarships. We do not offer full scholarships. These scholarships are only partial awards and will not cover the entire cost of an education at Jessup. You will be responsible for any remaining tuition, fees, room and board, books and supplies, and miscellaneous expenses. Please contact the Admissions Office for details about the applicable scholarships.
Ø You must provide official evidence of complete financial support for your annual cost of attendance (COA) at Jessup. The annual COA is listed in I-20 (F-1 VISA) Requirements for Admission '15-'16. The official evidence that the funds are available must be shown by monthly bank statements for one year with the total amount in U.S. dollars and can be from more than one source.
Ø The U.S. "Affidavit of Support" (form I-134) is the most common form used for official evidence. The Affidavit of Support instructions may prove helpful . On the Affidavit of Support, the sponsor must state the exact duration and amount of money or provisions the sponsor intends to provide. If you have more than one sponsor, you must provide an Affidavit of Support form for each.
Ø If the student's personal funds are going to be used to pay for all or a portion of their educational costs at Jessup, then official evidence that the funds are available must be submitted to Jessup, shown through monthly bank statements, for one year, with the total amount in U.S. dollars equaling one of the budgeted amounts listed in the I-20 (F-1 VISA Requirements for Admission '15-'16, depending on living situation.IMPORTANT NOTICE: Once the admissions requirements are completed and official documentation of complete and sufficient financial support for an I-20 are provided, the admission application will be submitted for consideration. If accepted, the student must pay a $5,000 (US Dollars) enrollment deposit in order to reserve a spot and be eligible to register for classes. If the student cancels before the first day of classes, Jessup will fully refund the $5,000. Upon receipt of the enrollment deposit, an I-20 will be issued to the student. Each semester balance owed must be paid before starting classes or else be reported to INS.


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Stephanie Barenz named next Pfister artist
Stephanie Barenz's work is sometimes about the in betweenness of travel and the things we carry with us always.
As she applied for the Pfister Hotel's artist in residence program, she was working on a painting based on her husband's stories about travel in India. Rich imagery, colors and architecture of a distant place and the familiar touchstones of home combined and seemed to float up and out of a suitcase in the work. »Read Full Blog Post
Aaron loved performing and finding students' style
On the occasion of his 87th birthday, Joe Aaron was asked what songs he heard when he thought of himself playing.
Old standards, he said. "Body and Soul." "Stardust." Gershwin tunes. »Read Full Article
Scottish novelist Iain Banks has died
When Scottish novelist Iain Banks announced in April that he had an inoperable form of cancer, his large online following responded with affection and dismay.
"There can have been few novelists of recent years who were more aware of what their readers thought of their books; there is a frequent sense in his novels of an author teasing, testing and replying to a readership with which he was pretty familiar," wrote The Guardian's John Mullan in his obituary piece on Banks, who died Sunday at age 59. »Read Full Blog Post
Festivals and free concerts: June 9-15
Locust Street Festival of Music & Art: 11 a.m.-8 p.m., on Locust St. between Humboldt and Holton, www.locust-street.com. »Read Full Article
Pioneer Village; home tours; WWII reenactment
Time traveling
No one needs a time machine to travel to the past in the Milwaukee area next weekend — only a car. »Read Full Article


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What it will take all depends on how 'broke' he is -- or I should say 'was' -- before he got spoiled.
If he was pretty well broke before, all it should take is someone that is bold and assertive to spank his butt and he will go right on and be OK. This will work quickly as long as he does not have a timid rider riding him. I just use a long pair of harness leather reins and use an 'over and under' motion so I can spank one on both sides very quickly. This makes the horse go forward where a crop or spanking on one side just makes the horse 'duck around' and he is facing the barn -- again.
This works better than all of the 'nagging', 'pecking' and trying to wear one out or trick one. They understand the direct approach just like they instantly understand a herd member telling them to move their butt of get a hunk eaten out of it. The herd leader does not use an indirect or nagging approach -- ever. But, it only works if the horse is broke enough to know what it is supposed to be doing.
If a horse was very green and not very good at going forward (lacked good forward impulsion) and not very good at guiding (following its nose) to begin with, then it needs a competent rider / trainer to teach it what it should be doing. More training is necessary and not just a quick correction for a bad behavior.
We never use a second horse to get a horse going nor do we ever lead one. They just get 'herd-bound' to that horse and still never get very 'broke'. Ground work often does little when you try to transfer it to 'under-saddle' work if the rider is inexperienced and lacks skill. The horse quickly learns 'who is in charge' when they are ridden. Ground driving transfers quite well to under saddle work, but, like riding, requires skill, feel and timing. A broke horse goes where you point its head. That should always be your object and that should be what you try to learn to get done. Anything less is just a band-aid and it will come back and bite you later.


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Broncos QB Peyton Manning addresses the media in Jersey City, N.J., on Thursday.
- Filed Under
The Cornucopia Majesty swayed with the Hudson waves, docked out back of the Broncos' team hotel, across from the lower Manhattan skyline. Inside the ship, Peyton Manning rocked the first floor Thursday, drifting into comedy in his orange No. 18 jersey, standing at the mic for his last pre-Super Bowl press conference.
So Peyton, what do you have to say about Seahawks corner Richard Sherman commenting that you throw "ducks" for passes?
"I believe it to be true," Manning said, perfect straight-faced delivery, drawing big laughs from the media. "They say he is a smart player, and I think that's a ...


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Find the perfect hotel in Artesia using our hotel guide provided below. Find cheap and/or discounted hotel rates in or near Artesia, NM for your personal leisure or group travel. We provide the best Artesia, New Mexico hotel and motel rooms. Browse the Artesia area hotels to find the perfect lodging! Please use the provided map of the Artesia hotels. Coordinating a group? Get Artesia Group Hotel DealsThe Artesia center is around the area of Downtown Artesia and 3 miles from Artesia Municipal Airport.
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Total Posts : 2690
2011/03/16 14:15:00
Location: Kennewick, WA
2013/06/22 01:17:14
Chicago, NYC, Philly, Washington DC
We started our trip with a two night private room train ride from Pasco Wa, to Chicago. The meals are included, I would rate the meals on Amtrack to be like a meal at Denny's. Not exactly Roodfood, so we can call this Trackfood. The best part was breakfast, breakfast is hard to screw up, thank God. these are a few pictures of the train food we had on the trip, a few pictures of Mollie enjoying the beginning of her cross country 12 state adventure.
This was a Chicken dish with onion gravy and mashed potatoes
I think I showed a few pictures without Mollie being in them, how the heck did that happen..Mollie at dinner
you could see by Mollies face, she hates dessert.
The burger plate wasn't bad
this is Mahi Mahi
French toast and sausage, not bad, like I said Breakfast is a shoe in.
Mollies Chicken strips..she liked them
I just wanted to show you what the food looks like traveling by Amtrack train. Our cabin was fine, the bathrooms were down the hall, the shower was well stocked with towels, and everything you would need. The train went through Montana, the park service has people come on the train to talk about the history and what you will see along the way. When you book a room on the train, the train sleeper car has coffee and juice offered all day. They had a wine and cheese hour one afternoon. Sleeping on a train is like trying to sleep on a camel while he is running through the desert. The second night is better because your so tired you could sleep standing up if you have to. This is the fun of train travel, what doesn't kill you, makes you stronger...............See you all in Chicago, Mollie is looking forward to some Chicago Pizza and some shopping.
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2013/06/24 13:18:17
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Learn more about Barstool 52 Adjustable Barstool in Cherry:
Manufacturer: New Spec, Inc
Mfg Part#: wt15209
Sku: 212580454
Package Weight: 18 lbs
See more in Chairs & Stools
|NEI1176: Features: -Barstool. Construction: -Constructed of polyurethane foam and bent wood. Color/Finish: -Cherry finish.-Leg finish: Chrome. Assembly Instructions: -Assembly required. Dimensions: -Adjustable seat height: 24 - 31''.-Dimensions: 24''-31'' Height x 15.16'' Width x 15.35'' Depth. Warranty: -Manufacturer provides 3 months warranty under normal use.


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Orchestration View Window
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Act Now! Petition the President. Write to Congress.
February 2013
Join us in launching this year's Offering of Letters Campaign:
- Petition the President to set a goal and work with Congress on a plan to end hunger (www.bread.org/OL).
- Call your members of Congress at 202-224-3121. Urge them to ensure a place at the table for all God's children by providing adequate funding for anti-hunger and anti-poverty programs: the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly food stamps); the Earned-Income and Child Tax Credits; Women, Infants, and Children (WIC); and poverty-focused development assistance.
- Help spark a national conversation about ending hunger by watching the film A Place at the Table and discussing it with those around you.


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Lurie Cancer Center Member
Jonathan Licht, MD
Academic Title:
Professor, Medicine, Hematology Oncology Division; Feinberg School of Medicine
Member of:
Cancer Cell Biology, Hematologic Malignancies
View Publications Listing
Cancer-Focused Research:
The broad goal of my research program is to understand how mutations of transcriptional regulators may set up patterns of aberrant gene expression that yield cancer. By modeling the function of both the normal and mutated forms of these factors we hope to better understand the molecular basis of cancer and potentially identify new therapeutic targets and pathways in this disease.
1. The Sprouty Proteins: We identified Sprouty1 as a target of the WT1 tumor suppressor and over the past decade we have studied the genetic and biochemical functions of the Sprouty proteins. We found that Sprouty inhibits the activation of MAP kinase and represents a counter-regulatory signaling molecule that limits signaling through receptor tyrosine kinases. Current studies focus on knockouts of the Spry genes and the effects of these genes on animal development, suppression of tumors and signal transduction.
2. The Molecular Biology of Leukemia and Lymphoma: Our lab studies a variant form of acute promeylocytic leukemia, which is highly resistant to therapy. In this syndrome the retinoic acid receptor is linked to a protein known as PLZF, which in turn is a DNA-binding repressor of gene expression. PLZF is expressed in early hematopoietic cells and is a tumor suppressor. We found that the protein contains a conserved self-association and repression domain called the BTB/POZ domain. Working with colleagues we devised a peptide that inhibits the action of the BTB domain of the closely related BCL6 factor and are working towards therapeutic trials of this agent. We have also studied how gene expression changes in patients treated with therapies targeted to gene expression including combinations of DNA demethylating agents and histone deacetylase inhibitors.
3. The Molecular Basis of Multiple Myeloma: The MMSET (Multiple Myeloma Set Domain) gene was identified in the t(4;14) translocation, present in 15-20% of multiple myeloma. MMSET has proprieties of a transcriptional co-factor, including the ability to bind to sequence specific transcription factors, transcriptional co-factors and histone deacetylases. We are currently screening for agents that inhibit the histone methyl transferase activity of the MMSET protein that might represent novel therapeutic agents.
4. Molecular Basis of Myeloproliferative Neoplasm: These disorders characterized by an excess in blood cells are due in large part to the action of a constitutively active mutant form of the JAK2 kinase kinase. My laboratory is studying additional genetics changes that occur in MPN including other mutations, and dysregulation of mRNA and microRNAs. Most recently we have studied the biochemistry of the TET2 gene mutated in myeloproliferative neoplasm and other myeloid malignancies and showed that this protein catalyzes the conversion of 5 methylcytosine to 5 hydroxymethylcytosine.
Related News
- Harnessing Chemistry to Halt Blood Cancers
- Scientist Discover Regulator that Drives Most Lymphomas
- Licht Elected to Executive Committee of the American Society of Hematology
- Licht Receives $6.25 Million Grant for Blood Cancer Research


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The products of protein breakdown in the human colon are considered to be detrimental to gut health. Amino acid catabolism leads to the formation of sulfides, phenolic compounds and amines, which are inflammatory and/or precursors to the formation of carcinogens, including N-nitroso compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the kinetics of protein breakdown and the bacterial species involved.
Casein, pancreatic casein hydrolysate (mainly short-chain peptides) or amino acids were incubated in vitro with suspensions of faecal bacteria from 3 omnivorous and 3 vegetarian human donors. Results from the two donor groups were similar. Ammonia production was highest from peptides, followed by casein and amino acids, which were similar. The amino acids metabolized most extensively were Asp, Ser, Lys and Glu. Monensin inhibited the rate of ammonia production from amino acids by 60% (P = 0.001), indicating the involvement of Gram-positive bacteria. Enrichment cultures were carried out to investigate if, by analogy with the rumen, there was a significant population of asaccharolytic, obligately amino acid-fermenting bacteria ('hyper-ammonia-producing' bacteria; HAP) in the colon. Numbers of bacteria capable of growth on peptides or amino acids alone averaged 3.5% of the total viable count, somewhat higher than the rumen. None of these were HAP, however. The species enriched included Clostridium spp., one of which was C. perfringens, Enterococcus, Shigella and Escherichia coli.
Protein fermentation by human faecal bacteria in the absence of sugars not only leads to the formation of hazardous metabolic products, but also to the possible proliferation of harmful bacteria. The kinetics of protein metabolism were similar to the rumen, but HAP bacteria were not found.
Keywords:Clostridium perfringens; Colonic bacteria; Deamination; Peptide metabolism
Protein is an abundant substrate for bacterial growth in the human intestine, possibly more so than carbohydrate in the distal colon [1]. Some of the protein may be of dietary origin, but large intestinal fermentation probably depends more on endogenous sources, including mucus and host proteins and bacterial protein resulting from bacterial cell turnover. The metabolism of protein and its peptide and amino acid hydrolysis products by colonic bacteria can lead to the formation of several by-products that may be hazardous to health [2]. N-nitroso compounds are formed from amines and amides, which in turn arise from the metabolism of amino acids; they are heavily implicated in the etiology of colorectal cancer [3]. Hydrogen sulfide is a product of the breakdown of cysteine and methionine; sulfides induce hyperproliferation of crypt cells [4], and predispose to colonic carcinomas [5] and ulcerative colitis [6]. Other potentially toxic products of protein breakdown in the large intestine include phenols, ammonia and indoles [7]. Thus, understanding the processes and bacteria that carry out proteolysis and its subsequent reactions is highly relevant to human gut health.
Proteolytic species from the human colon have been well characterized [1,8,9], and some aspects of the metabolism of peptides are known [1,10]. Bacterial species able to grow on individual amino acids as N and energy source are fairly well understood [11]. They include many of the 'putrefactive' Clostridium, Peptostreptococcus and Fusobacterium species [11,12]. Some evidence that gut bacteria can also use Stickland reactions, which involves the coupled oxidation and reduction of pairs of amino acids to organic acids [13], was obtained by Smith and Macfarlane [1]. However, bacteria able to grow on a mixture of protein breakdown products, although known to be numerous [11], have not been characterized. It is possible that the species that derive energy from protein in the colon are among the most numerous species which, when carbohydrate has been exhausted, switch to amino acids as a substrate for generating metabolic energy. It is also possible, however, that a less numerous, high-activity functional group of deaminative bacteria exists, analogous to the 'hyper-ammonia-producing' (HAP) bacteria of the rumen [14-18]. These asaccharolytic bacteria generate NH3 at a rate far greater than the most numerous ruminal species, such that, although their population size is small, they may make a significant contribution to overall NH3 production in the rumen of cattle and sheep. Attention has been paid to these bacteria because of their impact on N retention in the animal. If they were to exist in the human colon, they might have a similar significance, except to human health rather than nutrition. They might also be subject to dietary manipulation, as in the rumen [18,19]. The aim of the present work was therefore to investigate the properties of NH3 production from protein in the colon, and to use methods that revealed the ruminal HAP population to determine if HAP populations also exist in the human colonic microbiota.
Ammonia production in faecal suspensions in vitro
The rate of NH3 production by mixed faecal bacteria depended on the donor and the substrate. Six samples were investigated for their activity with Trypticase, a pancreatic casein hydrolysate containing predominantly peptides, and an amino acid mixture formulated to contain the same amino acid composition (Table 1). There were significant differences (P < 0.001) between production rates on Trypticase and amino acids, and the production rate was decreased by monensin (P < 0.001) but there was no interaction (P = 0.866). Activities were similar in the 3 samples from omnivores and in one sample from a vegetarian, while one vegetarian sample had about half the average activity and the other double the average. The type of subject diet did not affect production rate (P = 0.678). In a different set of samples from donors O1, O2 and V1, the rate of NH3 production from casein was 19% lower than from Trypticase (P = 0.04) and not different from amino acids (P >0.05) (results not shown). Monensin had a greater effect on NH3 production from amino acids (60% inhibition) compared to peptides (Trypticase; 39% inhibition) (Table 1; P = 0.003).
Table 1. Ammonia production from peptides (Trypticase) and amino acids by mixed human faecal bacteria in vitro with and without added 5 μM monensin
Amino acid analysis revealed that total amino acid breakdown was slightly greater with peptides than amino acids, but the effect was not significant (Table 2). No amino acid was degraded completely during the course of the incubations. The order of rates of disappearance of different amino acids was also similar for both substrates, with Glu, Asp, Ser and Lys being most rapidly degraded and the aromatic amino acids, Phe and Tyr, being most resistant to degradation. Tryptophan was not present in the analysis because it was destroyed during the acid hydrolysis method used to hydrolyse samples. Monensin had a major inhibitory effect on the breakdown of amino acids in both substrates, with an inhibition of 61% with amino acids and 48% with Trypticase (Table 2). The effects were different with different amino acids and according to the substrate. The breakdown of free Glu and Ala was completely inhibited, resulting in slight net synthesis, and Pro metabolism decreased by 86%. In contrast, breakdown of Asp in the amino acids mixture was unaffected by monensin, and Arg breakdown was inhibited only by 15% For the most part, monensin inhibited amino acid dissimilation to the same extent, whether present in peptides or amino acids. Again, Glu was an exception, its metabolism being inhibited less when present in peptide form.
Table 2. Amino acid utilization from peptides (Trypticase) and amino acids by mixed human faecal bacteria in vitro with and without added 5 μM monensin
Assessment of population size of bacteria capable of growth on peptides and amino acids
When dilutions of faecal bacteria were inoculated into liquid media in anaerobic culture tubes, both the number of tubes showing growth and the cell density achieved increased with the time of incubation. Numbers on complete medium generally reached a plateau at 2 d, while growth on the other, sugars-free media usually reached a maximum at 4 d, although because a few increases were observed between 4 and 7 d, 7-d values were used to calculate bacterial numbers (Figure 1). Total numbers approached 1010 (g wet wt)-1, while numbers capable of growing on sugar-free media after 7 d were about 108 (g wet wt)-1. Actual counts on Trypticase medium varied from 0.8 × 107 to 3.5 × 108 (g wet wt)-1. Monensin decreased numbers in Trypticase medium by an average of 92% to 105-106 (g wet wt)-1. Amino acid utilizers were on average only slightly (26%) fewer in number than Trypticase utilizers.
Figure 1. Most-probable-numbers (MPN) counts of Trypticase and amino acid-utilising bacteria in faeces from human omnivorous (O2 and O3) and vegetarian (V1 and V2) donors. Results are from 7-d counts. Error bars represent 95% confidence levels.
Bacterial isolates
A total of 53 isolates was isolated from the highest dilutions of faecal bacteria from two ominivores and one vegetarian. Twenty-eight survived repeated sub-culture, of which 24 gave full length or near full length 16S rRNA gene sequences (Table 3). The remaining four were identified from partial sequences. None of the isolates was asaccharolytic, growth being increased significantly in all cases by the addition of glucose to the medium. The bacteria enriched from the faecal samples appeared to be different depending on whether the substrate was peptides or amino acids. Shigella spp. and E. coli were more numerous in the amino acids-containing cultures. Other pathogens that were enriched included Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus sp. and Eggerthella lenta.
Table 3. Identity of bacteria isolated from peptides or amino acids enrichments
The measurements made here of rates of NH3 production from different amino acid-containing substrates, the influence of monensin on these rates, and the properties of bacteria isolated on the basis of being able to grow on Trypticase have important implications for understanding the biochemistry and microbial ecology of amino acid metabolism, and therefore the production of potentially hazardous products that can be formed from amino acids and related nitrogenous compounds in the human colon [2]. These results add to the substantial body of knowledge generated by Smith and Macfarlane [1,8-11,20] in the following respects. Ammonia production from peptides and amino acids was compared in diluted fresh samples of faeces in a similar way, with very similar results to earlier studies. However, utilization of individual amino acids from peptides was also compared, using faecal samples from both vegetarians and omnivorous donors. The differences may be explained by different permease mechanisms for peptides and amino acids. The effects of monensin on NH3 production and amino acid dissimilation were shown, providing clues about the biochemistry and microbial ecology of amino acid dissimilation. Finally, the bacteria that were enriched by growth on peptides or amino acids as energy source were isolated and identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. Similar methodology in the rumen revealed the HAP population, with significant implications for animal nutrition. The results imply that, unlike in the rumen, there is no significant population of 'hyper-ammonia-producing' bacteria [18]. Instead, the species that were enriched by growth on peptides and amino acids in the absence of carbohydrates include several pathogenic species that have important implications for health.
Ammonia production rates from Trypticase were higher than from casein or from a corresponding amino acid mixture. Casein is a protein that is atypically susceptible to proteolytic degradation, so it may be concluded that the first step of protein degradation to NH3 in the intestine, namely proteolysis, would generally be rate-limiting. Smith & Macfarlane [1] also noted that NH3 production was greater from peptides than amino acids, and suggested that amino acid transport in the form of peptides would be more energy-efficient than free amino acids. NH3 production from amino acids was more sensitive to the ionophore, monensin, than from peptides. The greater sensitivity to monensin of amino acid compared to peptide metabolism presumably reflects differences in transport mechanisms into bacteria. Transport of peptides in bacteria occurs predominantly by the ABC superfamily of transporters, which use ATP to drive uptake [21,22], while amino acid transport is more commonly linked to proton or Na+ gradients [23]. As monensin catalyzes Na+/H+ antiport in susceptible bacteria [24,25], this ionophore would therefore affect ion-linked amino acid transport more than ATP-linked peptide transport.
Smith & Macfarlane [20] investigated the metabolism of individual amino acids and a few pairs of amino acids in slurries of human faecal bacteria, and found that Ser was much more rapidly degraded than other amino acids. The same authors investigated breakdown of a complete mixture of free amino acids added to a fermenter that had been inoculated with a suspension of human faecal bacteria. Ser was again degraded most rapidly, with Asp close behind, followed by Arg. Glu was lost at less than one-quarter of the rate of Asp. Aromatic amino acids were degraded most slowly. The results of the present study were fairly similar, with the major exceptions of Glu, which was broken down most rapidly of all amino acids, and Lys, which was third or fourth most rapidly degraded amino acid in our studies but among the very lowest in Smith & Macfarlane [1]. While there were differences between methods in the studies, none offers an obvious explanation for these differences. Also, it is not clear whether the routes of metabolism of relatively low concentrations of amino acids in a complete mixture and metabolized by a mixed microbiota would be the same as pure cultures metabolizing the amino acid as a single substrate. This may be particularly relevant to Glu, which can be metabolized either via the methylaspartate pathway in clostridia or the hydroxyglutamate pathway in other species [26,27], yet, in mixtures of amino acids in a mixed culture with lower concentrations of Glu, Glu is most probably deaminated or transaminated to α-oxoglutarate, which then enters and disperses into central metabolic pathways.
The pattern of utilization of different amino acids was similar whether the amino acids were free or added as peptides. This provides a major contrast to the rumen, where peptide-bound amino acids are metabolized at different rates to free amino acids and in a different order [28,29]. Peptide uptake can predominate over amino acids in the ruminal bacteria of many animals, depending on the predominant microbiota that is present [30,31]. The present results with the human microbiota suggest that, at least in the individuals who provided samples here, amino acid utilizing bacteria are more dominant than peptide utilizers. The results with faecal samples from omnivores compared to vegetarians were inconclusive in terms of NH3 production, but the ranking order of dissimilation of different amino acids was similar.
The influence of monensin was different with different amino acids. Pro, Ala and Glu were inhibited most, with Asp and Lys affected only to a minor extent. Once again, the reason for this difference is unclear, but presumably reflects the inhibition of some transport systems and not others, or possibly a differential inhibition of species that metabolize different amino acids [17,18].
One of the principal aims of this work was to investigate if, by analogy with the rumen, HAP bacteria were present in the human colon. Conditions of low-carbohydrate, high-protein nutrient availability would favour bacteria able to derive energy from amino acids, particularly in the distal colon, but the general procedure of routinely adding sugars to growth media may have concealed these bacteria in culture-based studies. There had been a long-held assumption for the rumen that a large group of bacteria identified many years ago [32] was responsible for ruminal amino acid deamination. Russell and his colleagues at Cornell University challenged this assumption, and isolated less numerous, but much more active, asaccharolytic, obligately peptide-fermenting bacteria, the HAP species [18]. Growth of HAP bacteria was inhibited by monensin, while the more numerous NH3 producers were unaffected, yet NH3 production by the mixed ruminal microbiota was monensin-sensitive. The present paper suggests that the human microbiota has an NH3-producing activity about one-third that of the rumen [17]. Nevertheless, it is clear that a substantial fraction of NH3 production from peptides and amino acids is monensin-sensitive, so the possibility existed that HAP species were present in human colonic digesta.
Bacteria capable of growth on peptides as energy source were variable in number, averaging 3.5% of the total viable count. This proportion is somewhat higher than was found in ruminal digesta [16-18]. Actual numbers varied from 0.8 × 107 to 3.5 × 108 (g wet wt)-1, which compares with 1011 per g dry weight on peptone medium measured by Smith & Macfarlane [1]. Numbers capable of growth on amino acids were almost as high as those growing on Trypticase, which is a complete contrast to the rumen, where numbers of amino acids utilizers were two orders of magnitude less than Trypticase utilizers [17]. Thus, the bacterial population capable of using protein breakdown products in the human colon was more numerous than in the rumen, but less active, and differed in its much lower preference for peptides. As with the rumen, >90% of Trypticase utilizers were sensitive to inhibition by monensin, indicating that the bacteria were predominantly Gram-positive [33].
Smith & Macfarlane [1] enumerated amino acid-fermenting colonic bacteria in medium containing peptone, but did not isolate the bacteria concerned, concentrating on bacteria growing on individual or Stickland pairs of amino acids. The latter included mainly Clostridium species, with Peptostreptococcus, Fusobacterium, Actinomyces, Bacteroides, Megasphaera and Propionibacterium all represented. In the present study, the enrichments resulted in the isolation of several groups of bacteria. None was a HAP species, as all fermented glucose. Thus, the microbial ecology of the rumen and the human colon are fundamentally different in this respect. The species were also different to those isolated by Smith & Macfarlane [1]. Clostridium and Bacteroides were similarly predominant, though the species were different. Notably, one of the bacteria enriched was C. perfringens, which is a pathogen in animal species and man [34,35]. One might conclude, therefore, that individuals consuming a low-carbohydrate, high-protein weight loss diet would be vulnerable to increased numbers of pathogens in the intestine, as well as the better characterized genotoxic and inflammatory products of amino acid catabolism [2].
The metabolism of peptides and amino acids by human faecal bacteria has many parallels with similar metabolism in the rumen, except that the bacteria that grow on these substrates are not specialist asaccharolytic (HAP) species. Instead, they tend to be pathogens. Thus, the implication is that when protein is the main substrate for intestinal bacteria, not only are the products of protein fermentation toxic, the bacteria enriched by these conditions may be harmful.
These experiments were carried out in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration of Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects (http://www.wma.net/en/30publications/10policies/b3/index.html webcite). Ethical approval was granted by the North of Scotland Research Ethics Committee and all subjects provided informed signed consent. Fresh faeces were obtained from three omnivorous (O1 – O3) and three vegetarian (V1 – V3) donors. No specific diets were given. O1 and O2 were 33-year-old females, O3 was a 47-year-old female, V1 and V3 were 56- and 26-year-old males, and V2 was a 43-year-old female. None had received antibiotic therapy for 3 months before samples were given. All samples were used fresh.
Measurement of ammonia production in faecal suspensions in vitro
Faecal samples were diluted 1:10 wet weight in Chen & Russell basal medium [36], the suspension was homogenized in a stomacher, and 10 ml were added, under CO2, to Hungate-type tubes containing 200 mg substrate with or without 10 μl ethanol or 10 μl 5 mM monensin (Sigma, Poole, Dorset, UK) in ethanol. This monensin concentration (5 μM) was based on that used by Chen & Russell [16,37], which is similar to the estimated monensin concentration in vivo[38]. Tubes were incubated in vitro under CO2 in a water bath at 37°C. Substrates included casein (Sigma), Trypticase® peptone (Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, MD 21030), and an amino acids mixture based on the composition of casein. The amino acids mixture comprised Gibco casein hydrolysate No. 5 (Life Technologies Ltd, Paisley, UK) plus added L-tryptophan (0.87%), L-methionine (0.17%) and L-cysteine (0.14%). One-ml samples were removed at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h into 1.5-ml microcentrifuge tubes containing 0.25 ml 25% TCA. Samples were stored at 4°C, then centrifuged at 27,000 g for 20 min and ammonia was measured on supernatants. Ammonia was determined in the supernatant fluid by an automated phenol-hypochlorite method [39] and protein was determined on the acid precipitate using the Folin reagent [40]. For amino acids analysis, aliquots from the supernatant were dried under vacuum and hydrolysed by a vapour phase method (constant boiling HCl, 110°C, 18 h) and then derivatized with phenylisothionate and analysed by HPLC [41].
Bacterial counts
Samples of faecal suspensions were diluted serially ten-fold under CO2 in a vitamins/minerals medium with no carbohydrate source, based on that described by Chen & Russell [36]. The basal medium contained, per liter, 292 mg of K2HPO4, 292 mg of KH2PO4, 480 mg of Na2SO4, 480 mg of NaCl, 100 mg of MgSO4.7H2O, 55 mg anhydrous CaCl2, 1.0 ml of 0.1% resazurin, 600 mg of cysteine hydrochloride and vitamins and minerals solutions [36]. The medium was adjusted to pH 7.0 before autoclaving. These dilutions were used to inoculate (1%, v/v) Hungate tubes containing four different liquid media: A, complete liquid form of medium M2 [42]; B, basal + 15 g/liter Trypticase® peptone (Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, MD 21030); C, medium B + 5 μM monensin; D, basal + 15 g l-1 Casamino acids (Difco, Becton Dickinson Europe, 38241 Meylan cedex, France). Five tubes were inoculated for each dilution, the gas phase was 100% CO2, and tubes were incubated at 37°C. The optical density at 650 nm was determined periodically using an LKB Novaspec spectrophotometer. Numbers were calculated using most-probable-number tables [43], using a threshold of 0.1 as positive for growth.
Isolation and identification of peptide and amino acid utilisers
Cultures from the highest dilutions in medium B and D were passaged once more in the same medium as before, then streaked on the corresponding agar medium. Individual colonies of different morphology were picked off, transferred to the same medium and incubated at 37°C. The isolation was then repeated. The ability of isolates to use glucose for growth was examined by inoculating the isolates into medium B or D to which 0.1% glucose had been added, and comparing the optical density after 48 h incubation with the corresponding optical density in unmodified medium. DNA was extracted from bacteria grown in both media using QIAmp DNA stool mini kit (Qiagen, Crawley, West Sussex, UK). Sequences of 16S rRNA genes were amplified using universal primers, fD1 and rP2 [44], in a mixture that contained 0.6 μM of each of the primers, 100 μM of each of the dNTPs, 2.5 mM MgCl2 in 1× buffer and 0.025 U/ml Taq polymerase (Bioline Ltd, London, UK). Amplification was carried out using a BioRad Icycler and the following programme: 94°C for 10 min; 35 cycles of 94°C for 1 min, 60°C for 1 min, 72°C for 2 min; then 72°C for 10 min, then 4°C. Amplification was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis. PCR products were cleaned up using WizardR SV Gel & PCR Clean-up system (Promega). Sequencing was carried out with fD1 and rP2 primers as before, with 2 further forward (926f, 519f) and 2 reverse primers (926r, 519r) based on Lane et al. [45]. Sequences were assembled with the Lasergene programme [46] and bacteria identified with NCBI Blastn. Where samples did not produce long enough sequences, amplified DNA was cloned into the PCR®2.1-TOPO vector (Invitrogen BV, Leek, the Netherlands). Plasmids were isolated from recombinant colonies using Wizard®Plus SV Miniprep DNA Purification System (Promega). Plasmids were checked for inserts by amplification with M13F and M13R primers followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Plasmids which contained inserts were sequenced using M13F and M13R primers initially then all 6 primers as used before. Sequences were assembled and identified as before. Full length or near full length 16S rRNA genes sequences have been deposited in the GenBank database, with accession numbers GU968162-GU968185.
Data analysis
Ammonia production rates were analysed by hierarchical Analysis of Variance, with a between and within subject stratum, with factors for diet (omnivore vs vegetarian), medium (Trypticase vs amino acids) and monensin and their interactions.
Production was linear during the incubations and rates of NH3 production were determined by linear regression and compared by ANOVA in Microsoft Excel.
HAP: 'Hyper-ammonia-producing' bacteria.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
AJR carried out most of the experimental work, organised the volunteers and suggested corrections to the manuscript. NMcK carried out some experimental work, advised on techniques and suggested modifications to the manuscript. RJW initiated the work, designed the experiments and wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
The Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health is funded by the Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS) of the Scottish Government. We thank Mrs V. Buchan for amino acid analysis, Ms F. McIntosh and P. Young for help with DNA sequencing, and G. Horgan for statistical analysis. We thank the volunteers for their contribution, without which the project would not have been possible!
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KOOL 103 presents Beatles afficianado (and Don's old friend) JC Haze from WROR Boston with a great show called Beatles Weekly. Loads of classic Beatles hits and rarities hosted by the professor of Beatleology himself! Sunday at 8:00AM
Listen for classic editions of American Top 40 with the legendary Casey Kasem on KOOL 103! We feature an episode from the 80s every Saturday morning at 6:00AM and one from the 70s every Sunday at 9:00AM
Click here for more information on the Ashland Relay (May 16th), Medford Relay (May 30th), Josephine County Relay (June 27th), or the Klamath County Relay (July 18th). Put your team together and defeat cancer NOW!
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Residential Life NewsletterPage address: http://www.mnsu.edu/reslife/newsletters/news_04_20_14.html
April 20, 2014
News and Dates
Residential Life Cable TV and Internet Outages Possible on April 22, 23 or 24
Charter Communications will be performing maintenance that may affect the Residence Communities from Midnight to 6:00 A.M. on April 22, 23 or 24. These updates may affect Cable TV and Internet usage.
Bike Repair Station Between Preska and Carkoski
Three bicycle repair stations are installed across campus. These free standing units have all of the tools needed for basic bicycle repair, including air pumps. They will be conveniently located and accessible 24 hours per day. One bike repair station is located between Preska Residence Community and Carkoski Commons.
Know Your Severe Weather Shelter Area
Severe Weather Procedures
At the first indication of a tornado or severe weather warning:
• Go to the nearest severe weather shelter area. Do not go outside. Do not use an elevator.
Electrical service could be disrupted, trapping people between floors.
• Stay away from windows and areas with wide free-span roofs (e.g. main corridors, cafeterias).
• Take a communication device (portable radio, cell phone) and/or flashlight to the shelter area.
• Remain in the severe weather shelter area until the warning has expired or has been
cancelled according to the broadcast media. No public "all-clear" siren will sound.
Severe Weather Shelter Areas
While no shelter area can be designed as entirely safe, the following areas are designated as severe weather shelter areas in residence communities.
Carkoski Commons The shelter area is the lower level corridor of Carkoski Commons. Enter the shelter area through any stairwell leading into the lower level of Carkoski Commons.
Crawford Residence Community The shelter areas are the Crawford laundry room, the tunnel leading from Crawford Community to Carkoski Commons and the north lower level hallway of Carkoski Commons. Enter the shelter area through the stairs leading to the Crawford laundry room.
Julia Sears Residence Community (Residential Rooms) The shelter areas are the restrooms within suites.
Julia Sears Community (Commons Areas) The shelter area is the lower level service corridor. Enter the shelter area through the lower level service corridor door located near the elevator lobby.
McElroy Residence Community The shelter area is the McElroy F Hall laundry room and the lower level service corridor under the McElroy Community. Enter the shelter area through the stairs leading to the lower level of the McElroy Community.
Margaret R. Preska Community (I Hall, Floors 1-4) The shelter area is the McElroy F Hall laundry room and the lower level service corridor under the McElroy Community. Enter the shelter area through the stairs leading to the lower level of the McElroy Commnity OR the Preska Community lower level service corridor. Enter the shelter area through the marked stairways.
Margaret R. Preska Community (J, K and L Halls, Floors 2-4) The shelter areas are the restrooms located within suites
Margaret R. Preska Community (Common Areas) The shelter area is in the lower level service corridors. Enter the shelter area through the marked stairways.
Stadium Heights Residence Community The shelter areas are the restrooms located within each apartment.
Convert Your Maverick 160 Meals to Flex Dollars by April 30
Maverick 160 meals can be converted into Flex Dollars at a rate of $5.25 per meal, two times each semester. Your converted Flex Dollars can be utilized at any dining location on campus at any time of the day. Converted Flex Dollars not used by the end of the semester are forfeited.
There are three ways you can convert:
- Complete and submit the form electronically.
- Download, print, complete, and submit a [PDF] Convert Maverick 160 Plan Meals to Flex Dollars form (169 KiB)
- Stop by our office at 111 Carkoski Commons to complete a Convert Maverick 160 Plan Meals to Flex Dollars form.
Please allow up to three business days from the time your change is submitted for Maverick 160 Converted Flex Dollars to be available through your MavCARD.
Sign Up for Summer Housing in the Residential Life Office
Important details about applying for Summer 2014 Housing, the assignment process, and different housing options are online. Reserve a space in Summer Housing in the Department of Residential Life Office from 8:00 A.M. to 4:30 P.M., Monday - Friday.
Now that You Have a Room, Try RoomSync via Facebook to Find Your Roommate
RoomSync is free and available to students who have made a Minnesota State Mankato on-campus housing reservation for next year. Upperclass, returning and transfer students are maintained separate from first-year students. RoomSync allows you to find out about other students, their interests, major, etc. If you find a roommate, don't forget to add their name and TechID to your application!
Events and Info
Spend The Day with RHA on the Crawford Lawn, Saturday, April 26 on the Inflatable Obstacle Course!
Crawford vs. McElroy vs. Preska vs. Julia Sears vs. Stadium Heights Big Base! Inflatable obstacle course! Tie-Dye! Picnic dinner! Yard games! All of this and more will be happening on 3:00 p.m. on Saturday, April 26 on the Crawford Lawn! Sign up for your area's big base team in your area lobby. Bring your own clothing or we will have a limited amount of t-shirts for tie-dying.
Donate an Item and Walk/Run in the "Don't be Trippin'" 5k Sponsored by Residential Life Leadership Experience Team on Saturday, April 26
Get outside and do some good by participating in the "Don't be Trippin' 5k" at 3:00 p.m. on April 26. The Residential Life Leadership Experience team is hosting this non-competitive 5k run/walk to benefit the Salvation Army of Mankato. The entry fee is a donation of a hygiene item or article of clothing. More info to come!


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Caramel Oranges
|8 Large
|1 Cup (16 tbs)
|Cold water
|1 Cup (16 tbs)
|Warm water
|1 Cup (16 tbs)
Using a swivel-headed vegetable peeler, thinly pare several strips of rind from one orange and cut into minute, drain and set aside. Put sugar and cold water into a heavy saucepan and heat, stirring occasionally, until sugar dissolves. Boil without stirring until the syrup begins to color, then drop in the shredded rind and cook for 3-4 minutes to glaze it. Remove rind with a slotted spoon and continue to cook the syrup, rotating the pan frequently so that it will color evenly, until it is a rich caramel brown. Remove pan from heat and, protecting your hand with a cloth, add warm water. Stir to dissolve the caramel, pour into a bowl and leave to cool while preparing oranges. Peel oranges, removing outside membrane. Cut across into slices, removing any seeds, and re-form the oranges. Place on a serving dish, top with glazed rind and spoon a little caramel over. Chill oranges and caramel. Pour a little more caramel over each orange as it is served


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Robin Ince's (almost) Farewell Show
Robin Ince is retiring from stand up and will never perform again...well, he's not, but by his standards he is. He is going to attempt to stop touring until 2017 and it all ends here. The show will mainly be his latest solo show - Reality Tunnel - plus some of his least worst stand up from the last two years.


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Shoes, Glorious Shoes by michaelritchie200Watch
©2008-2015 michaelritchie200
Our shoes.
Deviant Art
Harrison's New FriendsHarrison was four years old and, like most four year olds, was in the middle of a very important task. In the case of this particular four year old, he was digging in the mud with a stick. His mother was sitting on the park bench a few metres away, engrossed in a phone call on her Blackberry, only vaguely watching her son.
Harrison was a handsome young lad with eyes as blue as sapphires and a mop of thick blonde hair. He was wearing his new green winter coat that his grandma had bought him for Christmas and a pair of Bob the Builder gloves. It was the first time he'd been to the park since Christmas as it had been so cold.
Harrison was a clever child, and very well behaved. He already understood that he should always stay where his mum could see him, that you can talk to strangers but you shouldn't go away with them, and that if he cried for just long enough, he would get an ice cream.
A particularly strong breeze unsteadied him and he stood up properly to look down the path. From the
Ode to Magikarp
Magikarp with fins so white
Yellow crown, face froze in fright
On the end of every fishing rod
And for evolution, thou are most odd
In battle you are detrimental
You cause great losses, drives us mental
But reach a level past nineteen
And you're a wonder to be seen
For Gyarados, your new name is
In battle, a much stronger fizz
But every trainer stoops to beg
Why can't Gyarados alone come from the egg?
Harry EntwhistleHarry Entwhistle wrapped two wedding rings in a handkerchief and tucked it down the side of the suitcase. The suitcase was genuine leather, from the 1930s, and in very good condition. It would be worth a bit of money too, if he could sell it. But then, what would he carry his things in?
He zipped up the suitcase and closed the lock. He slipped the key into the inside pocket of his jacket, turned around and sighed. He looked at himself in the Edwardian mirror opposite, the intricate carvings on the wood frame interesting him far more than the pockmarked, puffy face that was reflected back at him. He smoothed down his comb over and busied himself in the Georgian dresser, his fat fingers fumbling for boxes of jewellery.
He picked a few out and set them on the coffee table (believed to be Victorian), before lowering himself into the old, creaky sofa. He realised he hadn't picked up the keys and looked at where they sat on the lowest shelf of the dresser. He huffed and puffed, his portly fr
Three SaintsIt all started when we were about eight, after a lesson by Mrs Thaxter about patron saints. We looked at saints like Saint Florian, the patron saint of firefighters, and Saint Christopher, the patron saint of travellers and Saint Martha, the patron saint of homemakers.
After that class, Dennis, Bruce and myself went into the playground and discussed it, wondering what we would be patron saints of. Dennis said he was Saint Dennis, patron saint of chocolate biscuits, football, scabs and dogs. Bruce went with Pokémon cards, wasp stings, pretty girls who play netball and sunny days for Saint Bruce. I chose mine last, wanting four things that Saint Adam could rule with honour.
Paddling in the sea.
Games consoles.
We laughed a lot at the idea and many games after this or so would involve us invoking our "powers". Saint Adam could turn any stream from water to cherryade. Saint Dennis was the best football player in the history of the world. Saint Bruce could make wasp
The Ghost of Vic MorrowAll throughout Boothville, there were rumours of a ghost. Everyone claimed to have seen it. Gossip Guy claimed to have seen it in while tending to the grapes in his vineyard. Ferry said they'd seen it one night while taking a moonlit stroll down past Goldeen Lake. Quiquito had been studying the night sky when it flew past his telescope. Even King Jon was said to have seen it lurking in the chambers of his castle.
The sightings became more and more frequent and soon everyone decided that something had to be done. Gossip Guy gathered some people together in his bookshop to decide on what they should do. He had to kick out one person who tried to enter with a Team Edward t-shirt on, but otherwise everyone was welcome.
"So what are we going to do about this ghost?" he said.
"I don't really know what we can do," croaked Croakers. "A ghost cannot be affected by human hands. It's a nuisance, certainly, but one we will have to get used to."
"I took some pictures of it," said Jerry, reaching in
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