text:
Contact Details
3A Tutors Ltd is a well-established private tutorial college and independent examination centre based in Bristol. Our guiding principle and aim is to help students of all ages, backgrounds and circumstances to achieve recognised qualifications in the subject or subjects of their choice. Our services encompass just examination entry for private candidates, fully taught fast-track courses leading to recognised qualifications, small-group tuition, one-to-one tuition conducted face-to-face or in one of our real-time virtual tutorial rooms, cramming classes and mock examinations.
Our examination-based services have enabled literally thousands of school age home-educated students and more mature individuals to achieve recognised qualifications at GCSE, IGCSE (the International GCSE), A-Level and Functional Skills level. We also provide admission tests for a number of different universities.
We have been a registered examination centre (50538) with the AQA, CIE, Edexcel, OCR & WJEC awarding bodies for many years.
Private candidate examination entry
(External candidates)
Private candidates, who study at home, can simply enter, attend and sit their examinations with us at our National Examination Centre in Bristol on the relevant dates. Private external candidates are not required to study through us or visit the centre prior to their examinations. We provide just examinations for literally hundreds of private external candidates from across the UK and overseas each year.
Our candidate support team can even provide information relating to the examination options available, help with all aspects of the entry procedure and travel/accommodation information (access to the centre via road or train is very straightforward).
So far in 2015, more than 750 private external candidates have attended and sat over 1900 written papers, oral examinations and practical examinations with us. Whilst most of our candidates are between about 15 and 30 years of age, the ages of candidates have ranged from 7 to 82 years respectively.
Private candidates with special educational needs
We also provide examinations for private candidates with special educational needs including dyslexia, dyspraxia and other learning difficulties or disorders. Where approved we can provide Access Arrangements for candidates e.g. additional examination time (typically + 25%), the use of a scribe or reader or a computer etc. and/or access to a private examination room. Note: the granting of Access Arrangements and/or other special arrangements is subject to formal approval by JCQ and the Head of Centre. We also support candidates with long-term illnesses.
School and college-based candidates
School and college based students who require examination entry to subjects or levels not currently supported by the school or college, or students who have been excluded from school can sit their examinations with us as private candidates.
Fast-track taught courses leading to recognised qualifications
(Internal candidates)
Students can enrol with us as an internal candidate on one or more of our fast track courses leading to a recognised qualification/s. Internal candidates follow an intensive taught course delivered via small-group (weekly, evening) tutorials that are combined with several hours of home-based self-study. On completion of the course, the candidate attends at our national centre in Bristol on the relevant dates to sit their examinations.
For more information on fast-track taught courses leading to recognised qualifications, please visit www.3ac.org.uk
Private tuition
We provide a number of private tuition services at all levels and in many subjects. The services include one-to-one tuition delivered at the student's home or online via our virtual tutorial rooms. All services are available to self-study external students of all ages and backgrounds as well as to students who are currently attending school or college.
One-to-one tuition in one or more subjects is the ideal way for students to improve in that subject or subjects to help them in preparation for their school or college-based examinations (e.g. appointing a Maths tutor to conduct a 1 hour one-to-one tutorial each week, arranged at a mutually convenient time in the evening or at the weekend, can be highly beneficial in improving a student's understanding and confidence in the subject concerned)
For more information on private tuition please visit our college website www.3ac.org.uk
College Address
1A High Street
Staple Hill


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Newegg.com - A great place to buy computers, computer parts, electronics, software, accessories, and DVDs online. With great prices, fast shipping, and top-rated customer service - once you know, you Newegg.
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Showing Results: Most Recent
This review is from: PNY 128GB Turbo USB 3.0 Flash Drive Model P-FD128TBOP-GE
Pros: High capacity
My other PNY flash drives have had no issues (but see note below)
Cons: Much better price this month elsewhere after rebate
Numerous complaints of premature malfunctioning and possible compatibility issues with Windows 8.1
Other Thoughts: Thought I was ready to jump on this Shell Shocker item today, but don't think I want a real "Shock" within a few weeks or months. Carefully, research this product before hitting the "buy" button.READ FULL REVIEW
This review is from: G.SKILL FTB-3500C5-D Fans
Pros: Using 16 gigs (8x2) Crucial PC1600 memory mods, but fan covers all four dimm slots on Gigabyte GA-970A-UD3, ATX mobo.
No heat issues for me, even in Florida, but temps dropped a few degrees which is always an asset. Fans are quiet, clear blades, blue LED is non-instrusive, unit support legs fit snugly against dimm release clips. Definitely increases air circulation through and around dimm slots improving exhausting heat away from memory and near CPU liquid cooled heatsink, then out through top fans/vents.
Constantly running since July, 2013. Installation took about 5 minutes. First, bend flexible legs inward toward one another in order to accomplish a tight fit against mem mod locking clips. Next, attach left or right side on the dimm release clip, pull next leg over opposite release clip, attach power to mobo "sys fan" pins and you're finished. Slide entire housing so it's centered over dimm slots. Power cord is sufficiently long. My unit doesn't rattle, move and/or generate noticeable noise. Just pulled side panel, minimal dust on blades and no accumulation in between mem mods!!!
Felt flimsy at first, but after installation, it's sturdy and stable.
Cons: Could be priced slightly lower.
Might be tight against oversized heat sinks with large fins for some people, but more than enough clearance if using a liquid cooled heat sink rig.
Other Thoughts: Now certain memory fans will be included on all new system builds in the future. For the small price, it's added satisfaction and benefit. Try one, you won't be disappointed, at least, I'm not. Will wait for next promo discount to buy a spare unit.
Gigabyte GA-970A-UD3 ATX mobo
AMD Vishera FX-6300 CPU
CoolerMaster Seidon 120M liquid cooling heat sink
Crucial Ballistix Sport PC1600, 16Gigs memory (8 x 2)
Rosewill Blackhawk mid-tower case
Two HDDs, 1 DVD, 1 BluRay
Diamond Radeon HD7750 video
Asus Xonar DSX 7.1 sound
880 watt PSU (bottom mounted)
10 system fans total (and surprisingly quiet)
This review is from: EPSON WorkForce WF-2530 9.0 ISO ppm Black Print Speed 5760 x 1440 optimized dpi Color Print Quality Wireless InkJet MFC / All-In-One Color Printer
Pros: Specs look decent for a personal, home office setup.
Ink cartridge prices are reasonably affordable
Manageable footprint on desktop
A couple current drivers/utilities on Epson product site
Read numerous reviews elsewhere from pleased owners
Cons: Need to dump this finicky HP OfficeJet 6500A even if slower output is a trade-off for functionality and reliability
Other Thoughts: If interested, best you do price comparisons. It's on sale this week all over for $69.99 (on-line and in stores) from numerous name brand sellers. Notified NE customer service already--$95 seems high for this product.READ FULL REVIEW
Display Name: T.MARK M.
Date Joined: 01/01/06
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
After generations tucked into a small room on the first floor of Gilman Hall, The Johns Hopkins University's archaeological collection has emerged from seclusion.
Ancient sculptures, pottery, jewelry, weapons and tools from the Americas to the Middle East will now get their moment in a mix of sun and cool museum light that illuminates an expanded new display space after an $85 million renovation. The collection marked its opening day Sunday with lectures, lunch and a cocktail reception, and with a new, more dignified name: The Johns Hopkins Archaeological Museum.


text:
The United States and China want to increase cooperation in fighting wildlife trafficking and are working to end commercial ivory trading, a U.S. Cabinet secretary said Friday.
Uber suspends low-cost service in France amid legal pressure
The Associated Press | posted Jul 3rd - 5:00am
Uber is suspending its low-cost ride-hailing service in France, hoping to defuse an escalating legal dispute and sometimes-violent tensions with traditional French taxi drivers.
BP to pay record $18.7 billion to states affected by spill
Kevin McGill, Rebecca Santana and Michael Kunzelman, Associated Press | posted Jul 3rd - 3:22am
More than five years after the worst offshore oil spill in U.S. history fouled beaches, coated seabirds in thick goo and threatened delicate marshes, BP has agreed to pay a record settlement to affected states in hopes of bringing an end to a legal drama that has cost the company billions.
Malaysian premier denies he got $700 million from state fund
Eileen NG, Associated Press | posted Jul 3rd - 2:11am
Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak on Friday denied news reports that nearly $700 million were funneled from an indebted state investment fund into his personal accounts.
Company town? In Seattle, some fret over Amazon's growth
Gene Johnson, Associated Press | posted Jul 3rd - 12:31am
Seattle, notorious for boom-and-bust cycles stretching back to the 19th century Alaska gold rush, is booming once again.
Military recruits still not using American-made sneakers
Philip Marcelo, Associated Press | posted Jul 2nd - 11:20pm
New Balance thinks the U.S. military is dragging its feet.
China stocks plunge as market rout deepens
Kelvin Chan, Associated Press | posted Jul 2nd - 9:40pm
China's main stock benchmark plunged more than 5 percent Friday as government stabilizing measures failed to reassure panicky investors while other Asian indexes fell ahead of Greece's weekend austerity referendum.
Owner of Maine inn made $900,000 through essay contest
The Associated Press | posted Jul 3rd - 5:40am
State police say the owner of a Maine inn who held an essay contest to give away her business made more than $900,000 through the endeavor.
China reduces planned IPOs for July after market turmoil
Joe McDonald, Associated Press | posted Jul 3rd - 5:40am
China cut the number of initial public offerings planned this month by two-thirds on Friday, adding to frantic efforts to shore up plunging stock prices.
Insurer Aetna to buy Humana in $37B deal
The Associated Press | posted Jul 3rd - 4:40am
Aetna will spend $37 billion to buy rival Humana in a deal that would significantly bulk up its government business and create the nation's second-largest health insurer
Insurer Aetna agrees to buy competitor Humana in deal valued at $37B
The Associated Press | posted Jul 3rd - 4:00am
Insurer Aetna agrees to buy competitor Humana in deal valued at $37B.
Highlights of Wisconsin budget advanced by committee
Todd Richmond and Scott Bauer, Associated Press | posted Jul 3rd - 12:30am
The two-year state budget the Republican-controlled Joint Finance Committee approved early Friday morning on a 12-4 party-line vote heads to the Legislature next week.
Explosion at chemical plant in South Korea kills 6 workers
Hyung-Jin Kim, Associated Press | posted Jul 3rd - 12:11am
An explosion at a chemical plant in South Korea killed six workers on Friday, fire officials said.
Russian unmanned supply ship launched to International Space Station
The Associated Press | posted Jul 2nd - 11:10pm
Russian unmanned supply ship launched to International Space Station.
Branstad vetoes school spending, mental health deal
Catherine Lucey, Associated Press | posted Jul 2nd - 9:50pm
Gov. Terry Branstad announced a series of budget vetoes Thursday, using his powerful pen to cross out $55.7 million in one-time education funding as well as a bipartisan deal to keep two state mental health institutes open.
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text:
What is a Citation?
What is a citation? A citation....
- describes a book, journal article, website, or other published item. can also describe primary sources, manuscripts or data.
- gives credit to the originator of an idea, thus preventing plagiarism
- enables the reader to understand where to retrieve the item you refer to
- often includes basic "metadata" or descriptor fields such as author, title, source (publisher and place of publication or URL), and date
A citation manager is a tool which helps you to store, organize and output your citations in the format you prefer.
A citation manager can help automate the creation of bibliographies in your research papers.
Options for Citation Management
In addition to EndNote, Library and Technology Services now supports the web-based Zotero citation management system, giving the Brandeis research community a choice among two tools to help manage citations, generate bibliographies, and more...
Like EndNote, Zotero allows you to add, store, and organize citations to information resources such as journal articles, books, and websites. But there are some important differences among the three. If you're already using EndNote, why would you switch to Zotero? Which citation management tool is right for you? Here is a summary - see also the full comparison chart.
Zotero is an easy-to-use open source tool that's available either as a desktop application or via the web. With Zotero, it is especially easy to capture and save citations found on web pages, and to add notes and other information to saved citations for efficient and creative organization.
EndNote is a very sophisticated citation manager that offers the largest number of citation formats and options. The files reside on the computer which does not make it dependent on an internet connection; it does offer a basic but less functional web-based option; it is considered more difficult to learn and use. EndNote allows the user to organize and retain PDF and other file formats of cited works.
EndNote Web is generally easy to use and accessible from any computer with internet access. You can sync your citation library between your computer-based EndNote program and EndNote Web in the cloud or use EndNote Web as a backup of your EndNote materials.
"The word BibTeX stands for a tool and a file format which are used to describe and process lists of references, mostly in conjunction with LaTeX documents."
A slideshow about how to use Bibdesk, a LaTeX-oriented bibliography management and research database tool is on John Burt's personal website.


text:
Man turns self in for false report
The Wichita Falls Police Department said a man who sparked a massive multi-jurisdictional manhunt turned himself in for filing a false report.
Kelly Lloyd Wells, 23, reported an aggravated robbery Aug. 27, claiming a hitchhiker he picked up shot and robbed him at the intersection of Reilly Road and Wellington Lane.
Wells drove himself to the United Regional emergency room where he was treated for a gunshot wound.
The WFPD set up a perimeter in the area and launched an extensive manhunt for the suspect that involved the WFPD, Wichita County Sheriff's Office, Texas Department of Public Safety and Allred Prison. The suspect was not found and the scene was cleared after several hours.
Wells admitted to police during their investigation that no robbery occurred and he accidentally shot himself. An arrest warrant was issued Tuesday, and Wells turned himself in to authorities with his bond set at $5,000.
Wells was in the Wichita County Jail Tuesday afternoon.
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text:
Hijacked: Responding to the Partisan Church Divide - eBook
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Product Information
|Format: DRM Protected ePub
Vendor: Abingdon Press
Publication Date: 2012
Availability: In Stock
Publisher's Description
Hijacked explores this phenomenon, offers analysis, and proposes a way forward.
Author Bio
Robert P. Jones, Ph.D., is the CEO and founder of Public Religion Research Institute (PRRI), a nonprofit, nonpartisan research and education organization dedicated to work at the intersection of religion, values, and public life. Dr. Jones writes a weekly column at Figuring Faith, a featured blog at the Washington Post On Faith section. He is a member of the national steering committee for the Religion and Politics Section at the American Academy of Religion and is an active member of the American Association of Public Opinion Research, the American Political Science Association, and the Society of Christian Ethics. He holds a Ph.D. in religion from Emory University, and a M.Div. from Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary. Before founding PRRI, Dr. Jones served as assistant professor of religious studies at Missouri State University. Dr. Jones is the author two academic books and numerous peer-review articles on religion and public policy. He is frequently featured in national media stories on religion and politics.


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You can now invite anyone to meet at your favorite Starbucks.
Limited-time feature
33 year old woman | Brooklyn, NY, USA | Seeking men 31-39 within 10 miles
since feeling is first who pays any attention to the syntax of things will never wholly kiss you;
...wholly to be a fool while Spring is in the world - E.E. Cummings Can I be really real for a moment? To be honest, at this point I'm not sure why I'm here. Maybe it's because I begrudgingly paid for a membership. Until it's up, this is my little space on match.com. Dating sucks and we all know it. We write perfect little paragraphs about ourselves so that we can impress someone else, but how many of us are impressed with ourselves? And New York. So full of people and promise, and occasionally pretense. In the past few months the most interesting people I've met have not been online. Those I've run into by sheer circumstance have brought me so much more joy. If only for a short time. I get why we are here. We are so busy working and becoming more perfect that we're too exhausted to meet people in real life. Maybe you're shy, or lazy, or crazy, or not as confident as you'd like to think. Or maybe this just ups the odds in the numbers game for some. We have nothing to go on but words and a select group of pictures. That's all. We can't smell each other's scent or feel if there's chemistry from even the most indirect touch. Instead we choose and reject each other based on a hunch. A primal instinct. A gut feeling, if we're lucky. Nothing is owed to us here, yet we expect a wink, a message, a reply. At least some do. Don't. I don't expect anything anymore. I've experienced enough to know that if it will happen it will. You can't possibly get how amazing I am from this box and I have no idea how great you are. And maybe we will both missed out on each other, But we live in Nyc. That happens 1000 times a day.
Cooking , Dining out , Hobbies and crafts , Movies/Videos , Museums and art , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Nightclubs/Dancing , Performing arts , Shopping/Antiques , Travel/Sightseeing , Volunteering , Wine tasting
Dancing, Other types of exercise, Walking / Hiking, Weights / Machines
I exercise 1-2 times per week.
I have Cats
Wherever the adventure is.
Animals, irony, a good nap, exploring, new recipes, window shopping, crafts, expos, shows
My favorite things above. Maybe a healthy debate. Drinks with friends and exploring or maybe a cooking class or wine/whiskey tasting.
Currently reading The Dark Side of the Light Chasers.
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What she is looking for
|5'6" (167cms)
|5'9" (175cms) to 8'11" (271cms)
|Body type:
|Slender, About average, Athletic and toned
|Black, Blue, Brown, Grey, Green, Hazel
|Dark brown
|No preference
|No Way
|No Way
|Social Drinker
|Social Drinker
|Artistic / Creative / Performance
|No preference
|I'll tell you later
|$50,001 to $75,000, $75,001 to $100,000, $100,001 to $150,000, $150,001+
|Never Married
|Never Married, Widow / Widower
|Have kids:
|Wants kids:
|Not sure
|No preference
|Black / African descent
|No preference
|Spiritual but not religious
|No preference
|Bachelors degree
|Associates degree, Bachelors degree, Graduate degree, PhD / Post Doctoral


text:
A method executing network management software for managing devices on a network, includes mapping high level abstract objects to specific vendor, model, firmware, release, or configuration-specific objects to provision and manage the network. The objects may be management objects that are independently defined from a method of access protocol used to convey the objects to the managed devices.
1. A method executing network management software for managing devices on a network, the method comprises:
mapping high level abstract objects to specific to specific vendor, model, firmware, release, or configuration-specific objects to provision and manage the network.
2. The method of
3. The method of
4. The method of
5. The method of
producing high level abstractions from the management objects.
6. The method of
7. The method of
integrating a new device to be incorporated into the network without modification of the software by adding a new object.
8. The method of
9. A method of managing a network, comprising:
determining a relationship between fault information, accounting, performance or security information to configuration data; and
tagging objects in the network with data that identifies the type of management function the objects perform.
10. The method of
11. The method of
12. The method of
13. A method of managing a network, the method comprises:
mapping high-level business requirements and service level objectives to low-level commands and management objects that show the status of network devices by integration from the low-level objects understood by network devices with the high-level business concepts understood at the business level of the organization into a single environment.
14. A method of managing a network, comprising:
integrating of analysis at all levels of the hierarchy by providing mini-analytic modules associated with every object in the system involved in delivering a specific service.
15. The method of
16. An apparatus for rating an item, comprising:
a memory that stores executable instructions; and
a processor that executes the instructions to:
map high level abstract objects to specific to specific vendor, model, firmware, release, or configuration-specific objects to provision and manage the network.
17. An article comprising a machine-readable medium that stores executable instructions for rating an item, the instructions causing a machine to:
map high level abstract objects to specific to specific vendor, model, firmware, release, or configuration-specific objects to provision and manage the network.
This application claims priority from and incorporates herein U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/478,904, filed Jun. 13, 2003, and titled "NETWORK MANAGEMENT".
A network is a series of nodes, e.g., devices interconnected by communication paths.
Networks may interconnect with other networks and include subnetworks. Networks also may be characterized in terms of spatial distance, e.g., local area networks (LAN) or wide area networks (WAN). Networks include network devices such as routers, switches, and so forth. A network operator configures and monitors routers and other network devices within the network.
Typically, network devices come from different vendors that may have different sets of management data. Even network devices from the same vendor may have different sets of management data. Because of the different sets of management data amongst network devices, the network operator is required to be knowledgeable about the details of each and every network device before configuring and monitoring each device. The network operator must also be familiar with how to map the differences between vendors and different management technologies (protocols) to one another in order to configure a network to behave in a correct fashion.
In addition, the network operator is required to be knowledge to configure the diverse network devices in concert with other network devices to produce an overall network configuration. For example, if the network operator sets up a network that includes different routers and/or other network components such as bandwidth managers or firewalls, the network operator would determine the desired behavior of the overall network and translate that desired behavior into product-specific configuration commands each time a router was added or monitored or the configuration was of the network was modified. Typically, the network operator 'hard codes' this information into scripts that configure and/or monitor the network devices.
In order to understand the impact of a failure in a network, the network operator needs to understand the configuration of the network. For example, if an interface fails, it means one course of action if it is a backup or used for unimportant services. If, on the other hand, the interface serves critical information, then the course of action taken to restore service might be quite different. In addition, configuration errors account for a significant percentage of network failures. Thus, the relationship between fault and configuration data is also important as well as other types of data related to configuration information such as accounting, performance and security. Relationships are built into each data object in the system in order to effectively allow the management system to identify configuration related failures and service level violations in addition to failures and violations related to capacity or other factors.
The network management software maps high-level business service requirements and agreements into policies that include low-level commands and management objects that configure these services. These polices show the status of network devices and the services that have been configured to run on them. Network management software maps high-level business policies to provide for better management of services delivered and handling of problem causes when services are not delivered. The network management software integrates low-level objects understood by network devices with the high-level business concepts understood at the business level of the organization.
The network management software provides tools for experts in the business and technical domains to map these two different environments into a single system. This also has the benefit of making it possible (once a service has been defined) for fewer and less-skilled individuals to manage network services.
In one aspect, the invention is a method executing network management software for managing devices on a network. The method includes mapping high level abstract objects to specific to specific vendor, model, firmware, release, or configuration-specific objects to provision and manage the network.
In another aspect, the invention is an apparatus executing network management software for managing devices on a network. The apparatus includes a memory that stores executable instructions; and a processor that executes the instructions to map high level abstract objects to specific to specific vendor, model, firmware, release, or configuration-specific objects to provision and manage the network.
In still another aspect, the invention is an article that includes a machine-readable medium that stores executable instructions for managing devices on a network. The instructions cause a machine to map high level abstract objects to specific to specific vendor, model, firmware, release, or configuration-specific objects to provision and manage the network.
The aspects above may have one or more of the following advantages. Aspects above provide a metadata-based approach to normalizing data from different sources. Other aspects provide an object-based approach to the integration of areas of fault, configuration, performance, security and accounting data. Other aspects provide hierarchical integration of customers, services, networks, devices, and fault-management, configuration, accounting, performance, and security (FCAPS) data with integration of analysis at all levels of the hierarchy.
Most systems collect and analyze data without an understanding of the relationship of parts of devices, their capabilities, and capacities and how they interrelate to business services. This results in excessive data collection, a burden to the operating components of a network and sub-optimal analysis.
The approach taken here is to have mini-analytic modules associated with key objects in the system. These objects include the devices, the elements that make the devices, and the higher level services the objects support as well as the technologies that are involved in delivering a specific service. The mini-analytic modules are associated with each of these objects in the hierarchy so that operators can be informed exactly where there is a problem and how that problem impacts customers, services and individual network components whether this problem is configuration related, capacity or performance or fault related. This approach allows for more effective, accurate and timely fault and performance reporting while at the same time reducing overall load since the system can more precisely collect the data required for analysis based on its knowledge of what services have been configured on behalf of customers and what devices and parts of these devices are used in the delivery of these services.
The approach described herein is one by which high level abstract objects/concepts are mapped to potentially many vendor, model, release, and configuration-specific objects making it possible to provision and manage a network with fewer and less skilled individuals. New devices and technologies may be incorporated into the system without modification of the base software. For example, new objects are added and are related to other objects through the tools in the system. This is accomplished by assigning metadata to the specific objects and associating with a generic form, allowing for real multi-vendor, multi-technology network and service management. The metadata that is added to each specific object in the system allows for a canonical representation of information regardless of the management access method (e.g., CLI, XML, SNMP, FILE, HTTP) The management objects, which include the metadata attributes also identify the type of management function(s) the management objects perform. This approach makes possible the identification of objects that may be used to verify correct configuration as well as verify performance levels or usage based on a specific configuration. In addition this technique allows association of service levels with actual performance, which is used for service level agreement verification.
Referring to
The client 14 may include an application programming interface (API) (e.g., API 15 a, API 15 b and API 15 c) or a graphical user interface (GUI) (e.g., GUI 16 a, GUI 16 b and GUI 16 c) or both. API 20 and Interface 19 (e.g., web server 19 a, extensible markup language (XML) 19 b, remote method invocation (RMI) 19 c, Java naming and directory interface (JNDI) 19 d, Java Messaging Service (JMS) 19 e, Java Telephony API (JTA) 19 f, data access objects (DAO) 19 g) may be used separately or in conjunction to interface with server device 21, which executes network management application 22.
The system 10 also includes a database 26 that stores data used by network management application 22, a network 30, which can be the same network as network 18, and network devices (network device 34 a, network device 34 b, network device 34 c).
Database 26 includes service information modules (SIM) 23 and analytic modules (AM) 25. For example, SIM 23 and AM 25 are XML representations of data used in system 10. Other formats can be used to input data in the system. Using SIM 23 and AM 25 are one way of modifying the data in an object hierarchy in the database 26. For example, if a vendor changes a command on a device, SIM 23 and AM 25 would be updated without changing network management application 22. SIM 23 and AM 25 are translated into a common data objects for use within the object hierarchies and stored in database 26 independent of format.
SIM 23 holds details of network devices and services to manage data separately from network management application 22. The details of the SIM 23 are used to perform functions of the network management application 22. AM 23 describes how to use SIM 23 to get a result. For example, SIM 23 may describe a command (e.g., on how to change a password). AM 25 defines operation of the command of changing the password to verify performance. SIM 23 contain definitional elements of objects as well as values (data) associated with the objects. SIM 23 may be used amongst other applications and protocols.
The database 26 may store customizations to the SIM 23 and AM 25. For example, the GUI 16 provides interfaces to those classes for presentation of results and configuration of the SIM 23 and AM 25. Also, SIM 23 and AM 25 may be directly manipulated by the Knowledge Module tools 54, for example.
The network management application 22 is a component architecture 42, which includes application components 42 and network service components 46. The application components 42 include configuration and transaction control 50, scheduling 51, reporting 52, data collection 53, knowledge module tools 54, accounting 55, security 56, fault 57, performance 58, and topology and protection grouping 59. Network services components include Telnet 61, Secure Shell (SSH) 62, Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) 64, File Transfer Protocol (FTP) 66, Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) 68 and Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) 70. The applications components 44 use SIM 23 and AM 25.
A user may add or configure network devices 34 to operate in network 30 by executing network management application 22. The user can access the network management application 22 on server device 21 through client 14 via network 18 using the GUI 16 or alternatively API 15. The user interfaces with the network management application 22 so that network management application 22 determines the operations to perform and reports back to the user on configuration activities or service levels. In addition, network management application 22 provides methods by which it may be integrated with other third party software systems.
As will be shown below, network management application 22 uses a hierarchy/organization of information so that fewer less-skilled individuals may manage complex networks. Details of the differences between vendors, models of equipment and software on equipment in a network along with other details that impact how this equipment is configured and monitored are also integrated into the hierarchy. This approach also makes it possible to add new devices, technologies, and vendor software revisions to the network management application 22 without, in most cases, requiring a software upgrade to the network management application 22.
Network management application 22 uses a data model that integrates management data such as fault indicators, performance reports or device configurations that makes possible more effective provisioning and verification of business services in IP environments.
Network management application 22 uses the data model for analysis of fault indicators, performance reports, security issues and other information at all levels of a network hierarchy making it possible for users to better ensure the appropriate service levels for business services and ensure conformance with stated service requirements and thus avoid customer dissatisfaction and avoid possible penalties.
Referring to
These hierarchies are in specific software components and will be described further below.
The application components 44 shown across the first row: Reporting 52, Scheduling 51, Data Collection 53, Configuration and Transaction Control 50, Topology and Protection Grouping 59, SIM 23, Database 26 and GUI 16 represent the network management Application Components 44 that implement these and other classes. A square in a box that intersects a class and an application component 44 either implements or processes instances of data from the class.
Referring to
Network Services class 106 is associated with a Technology class 108 and a Schedules Group class 110. Technology class 108 is a specific example of a type within a service area. For example, Technology class 108 within the Routing Services layer could be Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) or Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) router protocol.
The association of Customers with Services and Devices, is based on an association of a customer defined in the Customer class 106 with services and the technologies that support them. In system 10, a customer may be any 'billable or track-able' entity. Without a direct association of the users of a network service to the services and devices that provide those services, it may not be possible to accurately determine how much of a service has been used by a customer (e.g., a deviceElementList attribute 107 in the NetworkService class 106).
Moreover, it may not be possible to determine how well the service is functioning. Network management application 22 10 abstracts all these details without breaking the connection to the low-level details so that a variety of individuals can use the network management application 22 effectively. That is, less technically skilled, more business oriented users may use the GUI 16 to access higher level objects while, more technically sophisticated individuals will make connections involving the low to high level objects for the network management application 22.
Referring to
Process 150 identifies (158) relationships that the customer may have with other customers. In some examples, customers may be customers of other known customers.
Understanding these relationships is key to understanding how the functioning of a service that supports one customer may impact another. For example, if customers of a primary customer uses a web service provided by the primary customer, and the web service fails, knowing this relationship may help an operations center better deal with outages by contacting those customers of the primary customer.
Process 150 associates (162) primary and secondary devices to allow the association of the devices in the network to the customer and the services. Through this association, the impact of a failure of any component is better understood and the impact on the expected service levels of the customer. The identification of devices as being "primary" or "secondary" devices allows operators to know if a failure is likely to have impacted services or not. For example, the failure of a secondary device may not impact service if the primary continues to function. Similarly, if a secondary device is in operation also supporting the service and a primary device fails, then services may continue to operate effectively. The software through these associations may give operators information to better help with service level notifications that may be required in their service level agreements. The software through the topology functions in the Topology Manager may be set up to make these associations automatically.
Process 150 associates (166) analytic modules. The analytical modules allow the expression of service level objectives such as latency or uptime. The analytic modules follow the general hierarchy of Management Objects from the lowest level objects in a function group that are contained in a service element (such as an interface) inside a device (such as a router). These devices and service elements that have function groups that support a particular technology like differentiated services that are part of technology groups like quality of service. The analytic modules are associated in the hierarchy from the lowest level (e.g., service element and function groups) to higher levels of the hierarchy for each customer. The user may make associations of one or more analytic modules to monitor an overall performance of a network and the user may make associations to lower, level analytic modules to monitor performance of specific parts of the network. Templates for analytic modules are generated by the tools provided in the system to generate and manage SIM 23. These may be applied to any and all levels of the object hierarchy making it easier to define and modify new service instances.
The high-level services (Business Service Policies) are made up of one or more network services such as routing services, web or security services. For the top of the hierarchy to be connected to the devices that provide such services, process 150 associates (168) the high level abstractions to increasingly more specific details, which via process 800 are connected to specific devices and the service elements they contain (
Process 150 modifies (172) templates. If the user wishes, the user may modify the templates that make up a knowledge module or augment the templates. Process 150 sets (176) the capacity to reserve for this network service instance so as to avoid conditions where new services would be added to the network infrastructure which might oversubscribe the network elements and cause service level degradation. This same function may be used as a trigger to let operators and customers know when a specific service is about to exceed capacity thus allowing for modification of agreements or deployment of additional network resources.
Process 150 identifies (178) the schedule. Not all services are concurrently running in a network. For example, some times of the day, day or week, week of month, month of year are identified as key determinants of what services should be configured (resources reserved) or not. The user may identify the schedules for the activation of this service via association of an instance of the ScheduleGroup class 110 to an instance of the NetworkService class 106.
Process 150 specifies (182) Technology class 108. The user specifies the technology(s) that are to be used to provide a service. Domains of technology allow for the connection of high-level abstractions like Quality of Service to the devices in the network by knowing what technologies each device supports. One example would be to use Differentiated Services in a network to ensure a consistent quality of service for a specific traffic type such as Voice over IP. Once a technology is known to be supported by a device these high-level abstractions can be further mapped into the device specific objects used to configure and monitor the service.
Referring to
The Technology class 108 connects this portion of the hierarchy to the Technology class 108. Typically, technologies such as Differentiated Services require many different mechanisms to be correctly configured and monitored. These different mechanisms are put into function groups (i.e., Function Group class 202 in
Thus, the next level of abstraction in the hierarchy is that of Function Groups class 202. Every item within a Function Group class 202 has a common name (i.e., Common Name class 208). Common name is way of abstracting to achieve a function in a function group. Common Name class 208 is associated with Capacity class 210.
There may be many management objects (i.e., Management Object class 212) for a single common name. For example, Management Object class 212 is associated with units 214, SNMPManagement Object 216, FileManagement Object 218 and CLICommandObject 220, which is associated with CLIAccess 22.
Referring to
Process 250 defines (252) Function Groups class 202. For example, the user would define as many Function Groups class 202 as are necessary to support a Technology class 108. For example using the Differentiated Services example, one common name would have the ability to remark a packet's differentiated services code point value as it leaves the router.
There could be one or more configuration objects needed to accomplish this. Also related to that common name would be counting the number of packets remarked in the fashion described. These would be the same common name, but to express this we would have different Common Name class 208.
Process 250 generates (256) as many Common Name class 208 as are necessary to represent the Function Group. A Common Name object may be both a performance and accounting object, but generally, for each type of function within a Function Group, there are be one or more Common Name objects required.
Process 250 identifies (258) capacity to associate with the Common Name class 208 on a per Device or ServiceElement basis. This makes it possible to monitor utilization and performance of a specific Function Group class as it relates to a pre-set capacity, for example the number of packets that could be forwarded per unit of time or number of web pages served per second.
Process 250 associates (262) one or more Management Objects with each Common Name class. Management Objects are specific to the access method (e.g., SNMP, XML, CLI, etc) vendor, model, firmware revision, and software revision. There is a large amount of metadata associated with the Management Object in network management application 22 to allow the abstraction from these low-level details to higher level abstractions like Common Name class 208 and Function Groups class 202. Examples include restrictions for the vendor(s), model(s), and releases for which a Management Object is valid. These associations need only be made once by an expert in the particular technology or knowledge area. Once contained in the network management application 22 knowledge module list, non-experts may take advantage of this information. Further, this removes the need for the experts to maintain their separate areas of expertise and then try to integrate them.
Process 250 generates (266) common meanings for data, commands and so forth used by different vendors. For example, one problem in integrating of multi-vendor systems is normalizing data from different sources. Through the use of the Units class 214, the user generates a common meaning for the data contained in a Management Object, even if it comes from vastly different sources.
Process 250 associates (268) Management Object with an access method. Once a Management Object has been generated the Management Object is associated with one, and only one access method. In the diagram the choices are CliCommandObject, SnmpManagedObject or FileManagedObject. The network management application 22 is capable of extension at this low level without causing the need to recode the higher level objects. For example, XML/SOAP could be an access method added in the future.
Referring to
Each Service Element class 304 may have one or more function groups attached.
Because different functions measure what they do differently, the network management application 22 allows for the assignment of capacity to each function for each service element class 304. For example, disks measure capacity in terms of megabytes or gigabytes etc. Interfaces are measured in how many bits per second they can move or the number of a particular packet they can mark. The network management application 22 provides methods by which different values for each of these can be assigned by users or via the software.
The significance of the hierarchies in network management application 22 is how the hierarchy is used to represent a physical device in the network and how the physical device is integrated with the rest of the system 10. It is through this common class (the Function Group class 202), that devices may be 'connected' to the rest of the object hierarchy, which is a prerequisite to determining specific services on behalf of customers and determining which parts of those devices are critical to the services.
Referring to
Process 350 generates (352) a device entry in the network management application 22. For example, a user fills-in details about vendor, model, release, and so forth. In other example, these information details are available from the discovery process.
For each Device, process 350 defines (356) ServiceElements class 304. ServiceElements class 304 may contain other ServiceElements, as would be the case if there were an interface card with multiple ports.
Process 350 assigns (358) characteristics. Each service element may have zero, one or more Role associations. As opposed to many of the other attributes, discovered by the software, Role is designed to allow operators to assign characteristics to ServiceElements class 304 that are generally not known to the software, but which may be important in determining if a ServiceElement class 304 is to be part of a policy. The Role object lets the user hand-define these special relationships that may then be used by the InclusionRule for a service to apply policy appropriately to ServiceElements. In the network management application 22, groups of devices and/or service elements can be collected together (as in a policy) and lists of these devices or service elements can be manually edited. These resulting lists can have actions performed on them such as assignment of one or more roles.
Process 350 modifies (362) a service element. For example, during the normal device discovery process, many of the capabilities of each ServiceElement class 304 on a device are automatically learned. The modification of this information or generation and assignment of one or more Function Groups objects to a ServiceElement class 304 for those function groups that were not discovered by the software.
Process 350 associates (366) service elements. For each Device class 302, ServiceElement class 304, and Function Groups class 202, it is possible to associate one or more analytic modules. This makes it possible to instantly have the network management application 22 report a failure at whatever level of the hierarchy the failure occurs. More importantly, when a low-level failure is detected by an analytic module, the impact of that failure of customers and the higher level services may be more readily determined.
Process 350 associates (368) Function Groups class 202 to capacity. Each Function Group class 202 may include an associated Capacity object. The user sets the capacity allowed for the associated element in the system 10 for Function Group class 202 on a device 302. In some cases, the discovery software determines the Capacity object to use. Even in those cases, users may override these automatic values to ensure that resources do not become over-utilized.
Each device and service element in the system 10 associated with one or more function groups. In some cases, the system can fill in or calculate the capacity or the user will input the capacity. In some cases, the user can change a capacity overriding a calculation. In some cases, the user can assign a capacity for a type of a function group that is found on many service elements or devices. Users can specify when creating a policy how much capacity for each type of function group is required globally or in a per customer basis. The system keeps track of how much capacity has been reserved for each user and/or service and how much remains available for a specific service element. When a new business service policy is to be deployed, the system can inform the user about potential over-utilizations.
TemplateManager 702 includes a Customer Template 704, a BusinessService Template 706, a Network Service 708, an analyticalModule Template 709, a Technology Template 710, a Function Group Template 712, Identification 713, a Management ObjectTemplate 714, and a MechanismTemplate 716. Values in the templates are copied by the network management application 22 and applied appropriately.
A basic customer definition can be stored in Customer Template 704 and used to generate additional customers. A Business Service Policy may be generated in BusinessService Template 706 and copied and modified for use elsewhere. Network services are generated using Network Service template 708. Analytic Module are generated using analyticalModule Template 709, technology is generated using Technology Template 710, function groups are defined Function Group Template 712.
Management Object Templates 714 are used by many different policies and depending on how new business service policies are defined, a change in the base template can propagate to all the managed systems under control of a Business Service policy generated and the user indicates that they did not wish such linkage, a change in the Management Object Template(s) 714 originally incorporated into the Business Service Policy will not cause a change.
The ServiceLevelPolicyManager 801 generates services in the network management application 22. The ServiceLevelPolicyManager 801 also manages the collection of services and associated information that together are called policies. A policy is a hierarchy of related information generated by a user. Policy generation and subsequent management of an existing policy is accomplished through the GUI 16 or by API 15. Both these methods access the network management application 22 through the upstream interface component shown in
Referring to
Process 850 associates (856) one or more customers with the Business Service class 104. Process 850 associates or modifies (858) analytic modules associated with the Business Service class 104. Process 850 associates (860) one or more network services with the Business Service class 104. For each of these network services it is possible to remove or modify analytic modules associated with the network service. One or more network services are defined if there is a Business Service class 104 defined in the policy. Process 850 associates (862) schedule information (i.e., the ScheduleGroup Class 110 in
Process 850 associates (864) one or more technologies with each NetworkService.
Technologies are grouped into technology groups so that a user can select a technology group and then select from that technology group as many technologies. A network service in the context of a BSP is generated by the user by selecting from an existing technology group or generating a new one by selecting one or more technologies from that technology group. For each technology group, the user may use management object templates that have been already generated for that technology group. Each management object template includes values filled in form the management objects that are appropriate to a specific set of localization data (i.e., works for a specific vendor, model, access method (e.g., CLI or SNMP) operating software revision, hardware configuration and firmware). The smallest number of Management object templates needed are generated. That is to say, that if one works across many different systems, the least/greatest common denominators are known by network management application 22 and the smallest number are generated.
The values in the management object templates defining network services as high or low quality of service, for example. With each Technology, it is possible to associate one or more analytic modules.
Process 850 identifies (866) what functions groups in devices and the service elements they contain in the network are required to support a specific technology in a network service. For each Technology (an area of technology such as Differentiated Services in a Network Service) there are a number of function groups that are required to support the service. These function groups are the specific mechanisms that are tuned and monitored and are specific to each technology.
Process 850 assigns (868) assign one or more analytic modules to each Function Groups class 202 that are used to monitor function of the common name on a specific instance of a service element (such as an Ethernet interface) in a device
Process 850 defines (870) the roles. For example, the user may define roles that have been assigned to ServiceElements that may be evaluated before including a ServiceElement in the policy under definition. Roles may be any arbitrary string that represent a selection criteria important to the user such as an interface whose traffic might require additional security since it is facing outside the enterprise.
Process 850 defines (872) inclusion/exclusion rules. For example, users may define an Inclusion/Exclusion Rule that includes one or more rules that aid in the system's selection of eligible devices to apply the service to. In another example, some policies might only be applied to Web servers and others to routers. In some cases a policy might be applied to several different types of devices.
Once the processes are completed, the network management application 22 implements the policy and monitoring service levels at the assigned times.
During the definition process, users may generate one or more of the templates that are used in the service generation process. Templates are lists of defaults to be used for any BusinessService, NetworkService, Technology, Function Groups class 202, AnalyticModule, ScheduleGroup, Role, or other element required for operation.
The process are not limited to use with the hardware and software of
Each such program may be implemented in a high level procedural or object-oriented programming language to communicate with a computer system. However, the programs may be implemented in assembly or machine language. The language may be a compiled or an interpreted language. Each computer program may be stored on a storage medium (article) or device (e.g., CD-ROM, hard disk, or magnetic diskette) that is readable by a general or special purpose programmable computer for configuring and operating the computer when the storage medium or device is read by the computer to perform the processes. The processes may also be implemented as a machine-readable storage medium, configured with a computer program, where upon execution, instructions in the computer program cause the computer to operate in accordance with the processes.
The process is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein. For example, the processes may be performed on the Internet or on a wide area network (WAN), a local area network (LAN) or on a stand-alone personal computer.
The process is not limited to the specific processing order of
Server elements such as the database and analysis modules may be on one or more server platforms. The system is capable of having more than one user active at one time, either directly connected to the server or over the network. That is, the instances of the Graphic User interfaces may be running locally or over the network communicating with the server system. It in turn communicates with network elements via the network service components. Network management software may be distributed across many computers for performance reasons.
In some examples, server device 21 may be replaced with multiple server devices. In some examples, a client device 14 may execute multiple instances of the network management application 22 or instances may occur over multiple client devices.
In some example, Schedule Group 110 may be associated with the Business Service Policy (BSP) instead of Network Service Elements. In addition several BSPs are collected together into a Policy Group and each policy in the Policy group can have a separate schedule.
In some examples, object hierarchies may be represented in network management application 22 using XML. For example, one implementation is:
Other embodiments are also within the scope of the following claims.
Referenced by
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Boeing is seeking risk-sharing partners to develop a new version of the F-15E Strike Eagle that adds stealth characteristics and a new electronic warfare suite to the multi-role fighter.
The risk-sharing deals would shorten the timeline to develop the renamed F-15 Silent Eagle, which possibly would lower its estimated $100 million cost, Chris Chadwick, president of the military aircraft division, said on 3 June at a media roundtable hosted by Boeing.
The possible co-investment deals is one of the reasons, he added, that the $100 million price estimate that Boeing quoted at the 17 March launch ceremony may no longer be valid.
"I wouldn't give a price like $100 million," he said. "And here's why: for example, suppose Saudi Arabia decides to procure some F-15s. And they procure 24, 48 or whatever. That gives me an opportunity then to go an invest in my factory to accelerate cost reduction, to continue to lean it out and to continue to make it even more producible."
Chadwick said the risk-sharing partners could come from both foreign and domestic companies.
BAE Systems is Boeing's major supplier for the F-15SE, providing the all-new digital electronic warfare system (DEWS). BAE also supplies the electronic warfare suite for the Lockheed Martin F-35 Joint Strike Fighter, and Boeing claims the F-15SE's DEWS would offer the same level of capability.
The F-15SE is aimed at challenging the F-35 on the foreign market, with Boeing targeting existing F-15 operators Israel, Korea, Japan and Saudi Arabia for potential sales.
Israel has launched a foreign military sales case to buy up to 50 F-35s, but the discussions have reportedly dragged out over price and technology access issues.
"The reason Israel has slowed down on the JSF is because of the price," said Chadwick, speaking to reporters during a media roundtable hosted by Boeing.
"The worse time you can buy a fighter is during the initial stages because the capability comes along later and the learning comes along later," he said.
The F-15SE also remains in discussions with the US government about export release, Chadwick said.
Boeing claims that the F-15SE's frontal aspect radar cross section will match the international release standard for the F-35.
However, both Lockheed and JSF programme officials dismiss that statement.
"What [Boeing] is talking about makes no sense," Brig Gen David Heinz, the F-35 programme executive, said at a 2 June press conference.
Heinz said the F-35 sold overseas will not have a reduced stealth profile compared to US jets, and that the F-35's stealth characteristics are inherently superior to the F-15.
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A "brown bag" is a term used to describe a bowel movement into ones undergarments. Typically it results from the overwhelming, albeit mistaken urge to pass gas. This is fairly common in young children and the elderly. The term "brown bagging it" is often used to describe bringing ones lunch to school or work. While considered related in that one can result in the other, the two terms have entirely different meanings and consequences.
Johnny rushed to catch the bus for school. His mother yelled "Johnny, you forgot your lunch". Johnny's friend Timmy sat next to him on the bus and said " so you are brown bagging it today". Johnny did not respond as the bus continued on its journey to school. As the bus pulled up to the school to drop the children off, Timmy and the rest of the children stood up to leave. Johnny sat motionless in his seat. Timmy said "come on Johnny". Johnny broke into tears and Timmy could smell the odor of feces. The bus driver approached and asked if Johnny was ok. Johnny responded "no", and said in between sobs, "I have a brown bag".
by whoins November 17, 2010
17 more definitions
Top Definition
i.e. what happens to a butterface
- When a female has an extremely sexually appealing body, but ridiculously ugly face, one is forced to place a brown bag upon her head (maybe draw a face on it, or if you're nice cut some holes for breathing purposes) before having sex with her.
- When a female has an extremely sexually appealing body, but ridiculously ugly face, one is forced to place a brown bag upon her head (maybe draw a face on it, or if you're nice cut some holes for breathing purposes) before having sex with her.
1: "Dude, that chick is such a butterface"
2: "Yeah, i'd brown bag that sh*t though"
2: "Yeah, i'd brown bag that sh*t though"
by Pri Money May 04, 2005
a girl who is too ugly to fuck but you would fuck her with a bag over her head
avril lavigne
by AnTwat December 10, 2003
A brown bag used to put over a butter face.
grocery bag
grocery bag
I'd only fuck the butter face is she was brownbagged.
by operation_kill_anal_cheese April 10, 2005
Informal Lunch meeting in a company, where one person (from any department) volunteers to talk about a specific topic. Topic is usually related to the technology, business or market that company is in. Attendence is encouraged, but not compulsory. If your boss is going to attend, then to suck up to him/her, you may also want to attend. The Brown Bag term came up because everyone walks in with their lunch in brown bags, as the comapny does not pay for that lunch. Sometimes, sucker employees volunteer to speak at brown bag to show off their knowledge.
Hey, today at the brown bag, Jim, from TSD department, is going to talk up about nano technology.
by Dilip Dhanda November 23, 2004
Copulation with a member of the opposite sex facilitated by placing a grocery bag over their head, usually because they have a bangin bod, but a busted grill.
guy1: Damn dude! Check out that ass!
guy2: *whistles*
*hottie turns around, acne all over*
both in unison: Aww...damn!
guy1: Well, I'd still brown bag her.
guy2: *nods while shaking head*
guy2: *whistles*
*hottie turns around, acne all over*
both in unison: Aww...damn!
guy1: Well, I'd still brown bag her.
guy2: *nods while shaking head*
by CunningLinguist March 25, 2004
This phenomenon occurs when one is in the process of defecating. In order to occur, the fecal flux must be a single, uninterrupted outflow, creating a log of such magnitude that the stool reaches the bottom of the bowl before being released. Once this delicate equilibrium is broken, the crap proceeds to fall forwards, gently tickling the underside of your testicular sac, leaving a brown deposit in its wake. This rare occurrence is known as the "brown bag".
-dude, your toilet bowl is so shallow, it gives me brown bags all the time!!
by flapdoodle13 August 03, 2010
Bangin' body, sure is a shotty, but her face is naughty.
"If you don't wear a rubber, your sons face will suffer, brown bag a bitch... brown bag a bitch" -Dingleberry Enterprises


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Denver Broncos
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Tuesday, November 5, 2013
Power Rankings: No. 3 Denver Broncos
By Jeff Legwold
A weekly examination of the Broncos'
ESPN.com Power Ranking
3 |
Last week:
2 |
ESPN.com Power Ranking since 2002
Perhaps it is a testament to what happened to the
Denver Broncos
in the week they did not play, but coming out of their bye the Broncos dropped a spot, to No. 3, in ESPN.com's Power Rankings.
The Broncos (7-1) entered the bye week at No. 2, but as of Saturday their football lives have changed quite a bit. That's when head coach John Fox felt dizzy and lightheaded during a round of golf in Charlotte, N.C. Fox had open-heart surgery Monday morning to replace his aortic valve and will miss several weeks.
The Broncos have named defensive coordinator Jack Del Rio interim head coachĀin Fox's absenceĀ(Del Rio will continue to call plays on defense). But it was a sobering start to the week for a team that already has navigated plenty of off-the-field drama this season.
Del Rio's message has been to keep doing what they were doing, and he said his mission would be to get the team focused for a postseason run.
"I would say that, for us, we believe we have a good football team -- a bunch of good veteran leaders in that locker room and we're on a mission," Del Rio said. "We're on a mission to carry on and continue the things that Coach Fox has instilled and started with this football team. ... We have a good team, we have high expectations and we'll embrace all of that. I think for us, the main thing is just to focus on the process. We've got a lot of work to do. We've got a lot of challenges ahead of us to finish this year strong."
The Broncos face the Chargers on Sunday in San Diego, with two games against the Chiefs and one against the Patriots in the three weeks that follow.


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The new documentary tracks Mexican drug cartels and the vigilantes hunting them down.
Because of the bluesy barrelhouse piano. And the propulsive pop melodies. And the jittery bits of guitar. But mostly for the breathless plea for salivation. The week's best song, hands down. And already on the shortlist as a Song of the Summer.
Because it's the vocal performance of the week, if not the year.
10 Songs a Man Should Be Listening to This Week


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The End For Blu-Ray?
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Registered User
Join Date: Feb 2005
Location: Flo Rida
Posts: 195
Re: The End For Blu-Ray?
Originally Posted by
Do you know how quick studios can change their mind? It's not like they signed a lifetime exclusive contract to Blu-ray.
And like it's been stated earlier, just because HD-DVD "dies" doesn't mean blu-ray will sell well. Who's going to pay $500 for a player? Sure as hell not the average American consumer. How about a $100 player? Now you're talking.
As of THIS VERY MOMENT (not talking about what studios might or might not release 6 months from now), HD-DVD is not really any worse than blu-ray. Most movies are currently available on both formats. Now if Toshiba drops the price on the A3 to $100 and offers 7 free movies, and moves 20 million units, how fast do you think the movie studios will change sides?
Zelda, I know you are anti-Sony but think with your brain for once. HD DVD has been losing marketshare at a 2:1 clip for the past year. Now with the Warner defection, which compromises about 20 percent of HD media; this blow is killer. If Universal and the other studios defect it is lights out. People are being ridiculed for buying combo players. Blu Ray is winning. Now, I agree, will it gain market acceptance. I believe as people get transitioned to HDTV's it is inevitable. For one, the FTC has stated that analog signals will be abandoned within a few short years. Digital media will be the way to go. Why not get a high def player (which will be around 150 bucks by then...yes, even Blu Ray) instead of a clunker DVD. I sure would pay extra for a player that plays my old DVD's or new HD media (Blu Ray or whatever). People used to claim that DVD was gonna fail. Think with your head, not your heart. If Nintendo had brought out Blu Ray you would be riding its jock like a Patriot's fan rides Brady.
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In our ASP.NET Web API article series, we already have created an application that is performing all CRUD (Create, Retrieve, Update, Delete) operations using Web API. Here we will take the same domain model class i.e. "Student.cs" and apply validation on it using data annotation method. In order to better understand with more validation rules, I modified it a bit. So, here is our Model class:
[Range(1, 500)]
public int StudentID { get; set; }
public string FirstName { get; set; }
public string LastName { get; set; }
We have applied some validation to our model class properties in the same manner as a database table's fields have associated validation rules. We have applied the attributes to model properties using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations namespace.
Our Model class i.e. Student has following validation rules.
- StudentID value must be between 1 and 500.
- FirstName is also required with maximum length of 10.
- LastName has no associated rule.
We will check the validity of Model against the defined validation rules in controller class i.e. StudentController.
2 {
3 public HttpResponseMessage Post(Student Student)
4 {
5 if (ModelState.IsValid)
6 {
7 // Valid scenario code here…
8 return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK);
9 }
. else
. {
. return Request.CreateErrorResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, ModelState);
. }
. }
. }
Now, when the client will send a POST request in JSON format, its being converted to Student object instance and that instance will be validated against the rules defined in Model class. In above code sample, line # 5, Student instance state is validated and accordingly response is generated.
Let's suppose if we post following JSON to our ASP.NET Web API service one by one:
- { "StudentID":942, "FirstName":"Imran", "LastName":"Ghani" }
- { "StudentID":100, "FirstName":"ImraaanAbdul", "LastName":"Ghani" }
- { "StudentID":101, "FirstName":"Imran", "LastName":"Ghani" }
JSON representation 1 & 2 will return with the message "Bad Request….Request is Invalid…." because:
- StudentID value not between the defined validation range (1 to 500).
- FirstName maximum defined length exceeded.
JSON representation 3 is valid and response with status code of 200 will be returned.
Data annotation technique for Model validation is really helpful because it validates data before involving in any further processing. But there are some limitations associated with this approach i.e. Under-Posting and Over-Posting. Follow the post for Limitations to Model Validation in ASP.NET Web API.
Top 10 Interview Questions and Answers Series:
- Top 10 ASP.NET AJAX Interview Questions
- Top 10 WCF Interview Questions
- Comprehensive Series of WCF Interview Questions
- Top 10 HTML5 Interview Questions
- Top 10 ASP.NET Interview Questions
- Comprehensive Series of ASP.NET Interview Questions
- Top 10 ASP.NET MVC Interview Questions
- Top 10 ASP.NET Web API Interview Questions


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Newport, Tennessee Hotels & Resorts - The Comfort Inn is located approximately 46 miles from McGhee Tyson Airport and about 18 miles from Gatlinburg.
Find great deals on quality Newport, Tennessee hotels & resorts, or indulge at one of our luxury resorts. Take advantage of the many amenities that can be included with your stay such as in-room internet access, wifi, room service, fitness center, pool, hot tub, steam room, and shuttle services to and from the airport. Browse our Newport, Tennessee hotels and resorts and plan your Newport, Tennessee vacation today!


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Board games and Card Games. Come on Down and join Aileen as she takes over while Jason's away!
We just grab a coffee and speak French. Some people have been coming every week for months... it creates a kind of warmth to the group.
— Rafaël, started French Conversation Group
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You can now invite anyone to meet at your favorite Starbucks.
Limited-time feature
29 year old woman | Henderson, NV, USA | Seeking men 26-35 within 40 miles
Looking forward to what fun 2012 may bring...
I like to think of myself as a creative, family oriented, social and caring person. I enjoy traveling and currently planning my European adventure for the fall! I love creating a mess in the kitchen and exploring new recipes to keep those I work with content in their sugar induced coma, a cooking class for the less sugary treats is next on my list of things to do although I do have a mean baked chicken recipe so it's not all cake pops and puddings!! After finally completing my Bachelors whilst working full time I am now actively pursing my Masters and ready for the career change and new challenges that lay ahead. Now for the mushy stuff!!! I come from a great set of parents that have been very happily married for 35 years, this is what some day I would like to find, a match that makes me smile when I am grumpy and can light up the room with their presence. Someone that is comfortable lounging on a Sunday afternoon where comfort and conversation are the only priority, but that is not to say that I do not enjoy donning a great dress and heels for a night out.
Alumni connections , Camping , Coffee and conversation , Business networking , Cooking , Dining out , Gardening/Landscaping , Hobbies and crafts , Movies/Videos , Museums and art , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Nightclubs/Dancing , Performing arts , Playing sports , Shopping/Antiques , Travel/Sightseeing , Volunteering , Watching sports , Wine tasting
Aerobics, Auto racing / Motorcross, Basketball, Cycling, Dancing, Football, Other types of exercise, Running, Swimming, VolleyBall, Walking / Hiking, Weights / Machines
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
I have Dogs
I have a couple of dogs and would love to learn to ride a horse, not too much of a cat person.
Middle of the Road
Arizona, Southern California, Red rock, Mt Charleston, Washington State.
Nevada State College at Henderson, Henderson, NV
I do enjoy country music, a bit of pop and anything catchy enough to dance too! TV shows- Bones, Law & Order, The Mentalist, anything with a good plot. Food- I love sushi, chinese and anything that can be thrown on a BBQ
I like to spend my time in the company of great friends, relaxing by the pool, enjoying a good meal or simply catching up on the patio.
I do enjoy a good read, light fiction some travel and a good cook book every now and then
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What she is looking for
|5'2" (157cms)
|5'7" (170cms) to 6'5" (195cms)
|Body type:
|Slender, About average, Athletic and toned, Heavyset, A few extra pounds, Stocky
|Blue, Brown, Green, Hazel
|Light brown
|Black, Light brown, Dark brown, Blonde, Dark blonde, Bald
|No Way
|No Way
|Social Drinker
|Social Drinker
|Other profession
|Administrative / Secretarial, Artistic / Creative / Performance, Executive / Management, Financial / Accounting / Real Estate, Labor / Construction, Legal, Medical / Dental / Veterinary / Fitness, Political / Govt / Civil Service / Military, Retail / Food services, Sales / Marketing, Self-Employed / Entrepreneur, Student, Technical / Science / Computers / Engineering, Travel / Hospitality / Transportation, Other profession, Nonprofit / Volunteer / Activist, Law enforcement / Security / Military, Fashion / Model / Beauty, Architecture / Interior design
I currently work for a fun international company expanding in the US market.
|$35,001 to $50,000
|$25,001 to $35,000, $35,001 to $50,000, $50,001 to $75,000, $75,001 to $100,000, $100,001 to $150,000, $150,001+
|Never Married
|Never Married, Widow / Widower, Divorced
|Have kids:
|Yes, and they sometimes live at home, No, Yes, and they live away from home, Yes, and they live at home
|Wants kids:
|White / Caucasian
|White / Caucasian
|Christian / Other
|Christian / Catholic, Christian / Protestant, Spiritual but not religious, Other, Christian / Other
|Bachelors degree
|Some college, Associates degree, Bachelors degree, Graduate degree, PhD / Post Doctoral
Actively pursuing my Masters


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Last July, scientists at CERN announced that, using the Large Hadron Collider, it had discovered a particle that was consistent with the properties they'd expect to find in Higgs boson. A Higgs boson is the particle that the current model of physics describes as giving mass to all particles in the universe.
Despite the excitement of that discovery, the scientists at CERN were hesitant to say that they had made a definitive discovery. Instead, they described the particle as a "Higgs-like boson" – even after their findings were accepted in peer-reviewed publications. That's because there were still more tests to be run in order to confirm what had been found.
On Thursday, however, CERN stopped hesitating. They've announced that the the particle described in July 2012 was, in fact, a Higgs Boson.
"The preliminary results with the full 2012 data set are magnificent and to me it is clear that we are dealing with a Higgs boson though we still have a long way to go to know what kind of Higgs boson it is," spokesperson Joe Incandela said in a statement.
To make this final determination, the dataset was analyzed to see if the quantum properties of the boson discovered in July matched the properties that are currently predicted by physics. After tests in two different detectors, it was confirmed that the particle possessed those properties.
"The beautiful new results represent a huge effort by many dedicated people. They point to the new particle having the spin-parity of a Higgs boson as in the Standard Model," spokesperson Dave Charlton said in a statement.
This is hardly the end of the road for Higgs study, though. It's only the beginning. Scientists at CERN and elsewhere have years of work ahead of them learning more about this particle, more about its properties, and what its implications are for physics. This may be a landmark discovery, but it's a landmark on the coast of a continent that we've only caught glimpses of here and there.
We still have lots of exploring to do.


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Leaon October 20, 2011
She needs a dental job and to get rid of that fugly mole on her tight. Other than that she's pretty hot and she certainly knows how to blow and fuck.
,,, August 30, 2011
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Our Motivation
DSDHA Studio is founded on a persistent search for new forms of beauty through active design, research and agency. We relish the challenges that projects of any size bring with our determined commitment to quality and creating a sense of place.
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A walk under the Albert Memorial
During the research phase of the project to re-imagine the Albertopolis, we visited the little known structural undercroft of the Albert Memorial in Hyde Park, revealing a surreal network of tunnels, paths and archways.


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When the sound system returned, Kennedy seemed nonplussed, almost amused. Word of Minihan's local rebellion, captured in humorous press accounts about the dung heap, had come to his attention. As he got up to speak, the president introduced his two sisters, Jean and Eunice, then recalled his family's ties to the thousands of Irish who had fled the Famine's death and despair, his great-grandfather Patrick Kennedy among them, and journeyed from places like New Ross to find a new home as immigrants in America.
"It took a hundred and fifteen years to make this trip, and six thousand miles, and three generations, but I am proud to be here," the president told the crowd. "When my great-grandfather left here to become a cooper in East Boston, he carried nothing with him except two things: a strong religious faith and a strong desire for liberty. I am glad to say that all of his great-grandchildren have valued that inheritance."
From the book, THE KENNEDYS: America's Emerald Kings, by Thomas Maier; Copyright © 2003. Reprinted by arrangement with Basic Books, a member of the Perseus Books Group. All rights reserved.


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Beware if you like to pay in cash. This hotel has a policy of charging your card anyway. They say after a week or so they reimburse your card. So far we haven't seen charges reversed though they readily admit their error and blame it on an automatic system. Frightening! After you're long gone and still have receipts to prove your cash payments, they're still trying to take your money twice.Like this review?Yes|Flag Abuse
La Quinta Inn Sacramento Downtown
Today:Open 24 Hours
200 Jibboom St,
Sacramento, CA 95811
(916) 448-8100
Hotel Rooms
Secure online booking with Expedia Affliate Network Call 866-761-3335 to book by phone
The room rates listed are double occupancy per room unless otherwise stated and exclude tax recovery charges and service fees.
Business Details
in Business
- Hours:
Regular Hours
- General Info:
- Now offering FREE High-Speed Internet Access in ALL rooms and NEW! Flat-panel TVs with 30 channels of HD programming,Plug-and-Play TV feature makes it simple to connect electronics The La Quinta Inn-Sacramento Downtown is the perfect location, easy to find from I-5. Located in the heart of the Sacramento central business district, enjoy convenient access to all popular attractions, including the State Capitol, Golden State Museum, and ARCO Arena. Restaurants, entertainment, and shopping
- Services/Products:
- Guest Rooms
- Meeting Rooms
- Brands:
- La Quinta Inn & Suites
- Payment method:
- amex, discover, master card, visa, cash, travelers checks
- Location:
- A stay at La Quinta Inn Sacramento Downtown places you in the heart of Sacramento, convenient to American River Bike Trail and California State Railroad Museum. This motel is within close proximity of Discovery Park and Sacramento History Museum.
- Neighborhood:
- Central Sacramento
- Other Link:
- Categories:
- Hotels, Lodging, Motels, Meeting & Event Planning Services


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South Africa: George V silver & bronze Proof Set 1931,... (Total: 8 coins)
2011 April Rosemont Signature World & Ancient Coins CICF Auction #3014
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Crowne Plaza Hotel
5440 N. River Rd.
Rosemont, IL 60018
|Printable auction results for all items in the 2011 April Rosemont Signature World & Ancient Coins CICF Auction.
A Beautiful 1931 Proof Set!George V silver & bronze Proof Set 1931, 8 pieces, KM-PS6, mintage of 62 sets, each coin certified by PCGS as follows: bronze Farthing, KM12.3, PR65 BN, a superb piece with essentially flawless surfaces and wonderful mahogany-brown color; Halfpenny, KM13.3, PR65 BN, as fine as the farthing other than a strike-through on the king's cheek, a great rarity as no commercial pieces are known with the denomination expressed as "1/2D"; Penny, KM14.3, PR64 BN, very choice, a few faint contact ticks in the field left of the king's beard; silver Threepence, KM15.2, PR65, flawless other than tiny carbon flecks and some breaks in the colorful iridescent toning probably from an old fingerprint, still a really beautiful "Tickey"; Sixpence, KM16.2, PR65, a gem with even silvery gold iridescence; Shilling, KM17.3, PR65, also a gem with bright silvery gold iridescence; 2 Shillings or Florin, KM22, PR65, an exquisite gem, virtually perfect with bright silvery gold iridescence; and the 2-1/2 Shillings or Halfcrown, KM19.3, PR65, another gem, just gorgeous with bright silvery gold iridescence. Portrait by Bertram Mackennal; reverses designed and engraved by Kruger Gray. This is a matched and fully original set, the bronzes all nearly identical in color, the silver sharing the same rich colors. If anything, the numerical grades assigned to these pieces are conservative. The finest set of this date we have encountered. Very rare, especially in Gem Proof.
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