text:
A lesion treating device for converting a standard balloon catheter into a cutting balloon catheter is provided. The device includes a longitudinal housing such as a tube which is sized to be inserted into a lumen of the balloon catheter and cutting wires disposed within the longitudinal housing in an undeployed position. When the longitudinal housing is moved relative to the cutting wires, the cutting wires extend out of the longitudinal housing. The balloon of the balloon catheter is then moved under the deployed cutting wires and inflated to convert the standard balloon catheter into the cutting balloon catheter.
1. A method of treating a lesion in a body lumen comprising the steps of:
inserting, through a lumen of an intraluminal device having an expandable member, a longitudinal housing having at least one cutting wire in an undeployed position entirely within the housing,
after said step of inserting, extending the wire outside of the longitudinal housing in a proximal direction and substantially longitudinally positioning the wire between the lesion and the expandable member of the intraluminal device to provide a deployed state of said wire, and
after said step of extending and positioning the wire, expanding the expandable member to force the wire against the lesion.
2. The method of
3. The method of
4. The method of
5. A method of treating a lesion in a body lumen comprising the steps of:
inserting, through a lumen of a balloon catheter, a longitudinal housing having a cutting wire in an undeployed position entirely within the housing
after said step of inserting, extending the wire outside of the longitudinal housing in a proximal direction and substantially longitudinally positioning the wire between the lesion and the balloon of the balloon catheter to provide a deployed state of said wire, and
after said step of extending and positioning the wire, inflating the balloon of the catheter to force the wire against the lesion.
6. The method of
7. The method of
8. The method of
9. The method of
10. The method of
11. A method of treatment of a lesion in a body lumen, comprising the steps of:
providing a longitudinal housing having cutting wires deployable between a retracted state entirely within the longitudinal housing and a protracted state extending substantially longitudinally outside the longitudinal housing;
inserting the longitudinal housing having cutting wires through a lumen of an intralumenal device having an inflatable balloon;
positioning the longitudinal housing within the body lumen with the wires in a retracted state entirely within the housing,
protracting the wires by extending the wires in a proximal direction into a substantially longitudinal protracted state, adjacent to a lesion in a body lumen;
when the wires are in their protracted state, moving an inflatable balloon in a deflated state between the wires and the longitudinal housing;
inflating the balloon to force the wire against the adjacent lesion;
deflating the balloon, and retracting the wires into their retracted state.
This is a division of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/640,716, filed Aug. 13, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,131,981 which claims priority to provisional application No. 60/457,458, filed Mar. 25, 2003, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention relates to an intraluminal device, and more particularly to a device for converting a balloon catheter into a cutting balloon catheter.
Treatment of stenosis by angioplasty balloon catheters is well known. Typically a lesion can be opened by a standard balloon catheter quickly and easily at moderate inflation pressures. Some stenotic lesions can be highly resistant to opening at reasonable pressures and occasionally balloon catheters are not strong enough to sufficiently open such lesions. For example, when treating a stenosis that occurs at the venous anastomosis of a dialysis graft, it is found that often these lesions require pressure in excess of 28 atmospheres. Such a high pressure increases the degree of vascular trauma caused by the rapid stretching and tearing of the media and adventia layers of the vessel. Vascular trauma to the vessel wall has been shown to increase the ingrowth of smooth muscle cells, which is directly related to increased restenosis rates.
Despite the above drawbacks, high-pressure angioplasty balloons were developed to treat these highly resistant lesions. Typically these catheters require larger sheath sizes than low-pressure balloon catheters and are expensive due to the materials and design required to achieve high pressures.
To address the problems associated with conventional high pressure angioplasty balloons, techniques were developed in which an angioplasty balloon was placed along side of a guidewire and then inflated, creating focal pressure against the lesion along the guidewire surface. This technique became known as the Buddy Wire technique. Scientific studies have demonstrated that the application of slow, low pressure delivered in a focused manner reduces the degree of vessel trauma and thus post-procedure complications including restenosis. Although the technique is still practiced today, there are several disadvantages with the procedure. The technique typically is done with a single "Buddy Wire", resulting in a single focal pressure line against the lesion. The use of more than one wire will address this problem but it is difficult to control the positioning within the lesion of more than one guidewire. Lack of control over guidewire location relative to the balloon makes the procedure more unpredictable and difficult than conventional angioplasty procedures.
In the early 1990s, cutting balloon catheters were developed. Barath disclosed a cutting balloon in U.S. Pat. No. 5,196,024 entitled "Balloon Catheter with Cutting Edge", issued Mar. 23, 1993, which is incorporated herein by reference. Barath's design and other cutting angioplasty balloons have microsurgical cutting wires in the form of blades that are pre-mounted to the surface of the balloon. When the balloon is inflated the blades cut partially through the vessel wall resulting in controlled, localized dissection of the inner vessel layers. The blades produce high focal stress lines along the lesion surface in a controlled, predictable manner. Because the pressure is concentrated along the blades, less balloon inflation pressure is required a to open the stenosis. For example, a lesion that may require 30 atms with standard high pressure angioplasty may open at approximately 8 atms with a cutting balloon device.
Although cutting balloon technology addresses some of the problems associated with conventional angioplasty, there are several drawbacks with the use of cutting balloons. The cutting blades or wires increase the overall profile of the angioplasty device. Specifically, a cutting balloon profile is larger than a conventional Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) or Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty (PTA) catheter with the same nominal inflated diameter. Thus, the catheter requires a larger insertion sheath than a standard angioplasty balloon. Difficulties in advancing the balloon through the vasculature to the target lesion are more frequent with a cutting balloon than with a conventional angioplasty balloon of an equivalent inflation diameter due to the larger profile.
Insertion, advancement and placement of cutting balloons are also more difficult because the relatively stiff blade materials prevent the cutting balloon from being as flexible as standard angioplasty catheters. Accordingly, tracking the device through tortuous vasculature is more problematic with the cutting balloon. To increase the flexibility, one conventional catheter incorporated keyhole cutouts in the blades. While the keyhole design increases the overall flexibility of the cutting balloon, it adds complexity to the micro-precision manufacturing process and costs. Radisch attempts to address the blade stiffness problem in his U.S. Patent Application No. 2003/0040770 entitled "Segmented Balloon Catheter Blade", which is incorporated herein by reference. Radisch's design utilizes individual blade segments attached to a base in such a manner as to allow relative movement between adjacent blade segment, thereby providing increased flexibility. Again, while increasing flexibility, the design adds complexity to the manufacturing cost and still does not address the problems associated with increased overall device diameter.
Prior art cutting balloons are also disadvantageous during withdrawal of the device. Some cutting balloon designs use the balloon creases to cover and protect the vessel wall from unintentional incising during withdrawal. One such design is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,320,634 entitled "Balloon Catheter with Seated Cutting Edges", issued Jun. 14, 1994 to Vigil, which is incorporated herein by reference. While Vigil provides an increased level of protection during withdrawal, there are still disadvantages with the Vigil design. The balloon deflation process is not always controllable and the deflated balloon surface does not always adequately cover the blades. Furthermore, deflation failures, common with angioplasty balloons, may result in significant patient complications when the cutting balloon fails to completely deflate. Unintentional vessel dissection may occur during withdrawal. Balloon rupture and other mechanical failure may result in the necessity of surgically retrieving blade components from the vessel.
Another disadvantage of cutting balloons is cost. The cutting balloons cost approximately four times the cost of a standard balloon catheter. Consequently the cutting balloon catheter is only used when standard angioplasty balloons fail to open a lesion. Even so, the medical facility needs to carry a complete inventory of both standard and cutting balloons in order to be prepared to treat various size lesions. This becomes very expensive and requires a large inventory space. Barath attempts to overcome this problem in U.S. Pat. No. 5,797,935 entitled "Balloon Activated Forced Concentrators for Incising Stenotic Segments", issued Aug. 25, 1998, which is incorporated herein by reference. He discloses the use of a separate "activated force concentrator" component that is mounted over a standard angioplasty balloon prior to insertion.
Although Barath's device allows customization of a standard angioplasty balloon for a variety of procedures and thus reduces inventory requirements, it does have several deficiencies. The concentrator is user-mounted on the balloon prior to insertion into the patient. The concentrator increases the overall profile of the device resulting in insertion and advancement complications as previously discussed. Even after deflation in its reduced profile, the atherotomes or blades remain exposed and may thus increase the possibility of unintentional incision of non-target vessel segments during withdrawal. Another disadvantage of Barath's concentrator design relates to balloon inventory-stocking levels. Although Barath's design reduces the inventory requirements for angioplasty procedures, each balloon length would require a separate concentrator length thus introducing complexity and additional inventory parts into the angiosuite. In addition, the difference in balloon specifications among manufacturers makes custom fitting of the concentrator to the balloon difficult.
Still another disadvantage of cutting balloons is that a physician is required to remove the standard angioplasty catheter already in the vessel and insert in its place the cutting balloon catheter. In general, cutting balloons are intended for use only after conventional angioplasty has failed to successfully restore vessel lumen patency. When that happens, the conventional angioplasty balloon is removed and then the cutting balloon is inserted and advanced to the lesion. With Barath's design, the angioplasty balloon is removed, the concentrator is mounted on the balloon, and then the concentrator-mounted balloon is re-inserted into the vessel. With either approach, the balloon exchanges carry added risk, add time to the procedure, and increase treatment costs due to additional device use.
In addition to replacing the standard catheter with a cutting balloon catheter, often it may be necessary to also replace the guidewire as well. This is because a standard angioplasty balloon may require a 0.035″ guidewire, while a cutting balloon catheter may require a smaller diameter 0.018″ or 0.014″ guidewire. As persons of ordinary skill in the art can appreciate, this procedure carries substantial added risk to the patient, not to mention the increased cost and added procedure time.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a device and method, which can be used to convert a conventional angioplasty balloon catheter into a cutting balloon catheter without increasing the balloon diameter and without requiring an exchange or re-insertion of the catheter.
It is also desirable to provide such a device and method in which a single unit can accommodate multiple conventional angioplasty balloons of varying diameters and lengths.
It is also desirable to provide such a device and method, which provides protection of the vessel wall from the cutting elements during insertion and withdrawal of the device.
It is also desirable to provide a reliable, inexpensive, efficient and fast method of opening a stenotic lesion that fails to open using conventional angioplasty by converting an already in place angioplasty balloon to a cutting instrument.
It is also desirable to provide such a device and method which substantially reduces the requirement of carrying a complete inventory of both standard and cutting balloons in order to be prepared to treat various size lesions.
According to the principles of the present invention, a device for treating a lesion in a body lumen is provided. In one embodiment, the device includes a longitudinal housing such as a tube which is operable to be inserted into a lumen of an intraluminal device having an expandable member such as a balloon catheter. At least one wire is coupled to the longitudinal housing in an undeployed position. When the wire is deployed, it extends out from the longitudinal housing such that the balloon of the balloon catheter can be positioned under the deployed wire. When the balloon is inflated, the balloon catheter is converted into a cutting balloon catheter.
In one aspect, the longitudinal housing includes an opening in its sidewall and when the housing is longitudinally moved with respect to the wire, one end of the wire extends through the opening into the deployed position.
In another aspect, the device includes a shaft positioned inside the longitudinal housing and its distal end is attached to the other end of the wire. In this embodiment, the wire is deployed by moving the longitudinal housing in a longitudinal direction with respect to the shaft. If the housing is pushed distally forward while the shaft is held stationary, the one end of the wire extends through the opening into the deployed position without the wire moving longitudinally.
In another aspect, the device includes a guide positioned within the longitudinal housing. The guide has a guide channel which is in communication with the opening in the housing side wall. The guide channel guides the wire when the wire is being extended out of the opening.
In another aspect, the wire includes a longitudinal blade having a cutting edge that points toward a body lumen wall when the wire is extended into the deployed position.
In yet another aspect, when the longitudinal housing is proximally moved with respect to the wire, the wire is retracted through the opening into the undeployed position.
In another aspect of the invention, the device includes multiple cutting wires and multiples openings in the longitudinal housing sidewall with each opening associated with a corresponding cutting wire. First ends of all cutting wires are attached to a shaft while second ends of the cutting wires are located within the channels of the guide and positioned for deployment. To deploy the device, the wires are extended out from the longitudinal housing. Specifically, when the longitudinal housing is longitudinally and distally moved while the shaft is held stationary, the second ends of the cutting wires extend through the respective openings in an umbrella-like configuration to allow the balloon to be positioned under the extended wires.
In another aspect of the invention, a distal portion of the present device has a predetermined curve profile to better accommodate certain curved vessels.
In yet another aspect of the invention, the wire is round and has no cutting edge.
Because the present device is deployed while the standard balloon catheter is still positioned in the vessel, all of the complications and problems associated with exchanging the catheter with a cutting balloon catheter are eliminated. Also, because the present device is inserted through the lumen of a standard balloon catheter, all problems associated with the larger diameter and profile of the conventional cutting balloon catheter, including the difficulty of inserting and advancing the larger catheter, are eliminated.
Another advantage of the present device in certain embodiments is that the length of the deployed wires is designed to be controlled by the amount of their longitudinal movement with respect to the housing. Consequently, a single device can be used with various size balloon catheters. Moreover, because the present device is designed to replace the cutting balloon catheters, this results in a great reduction and even elimination of an entire inventory of the cutting balloon catheters that were previously necessary to treat various size lesions.
Yet another advantage of the present device is that because it is designed to be inserted through a lumen of the balloon catheter, the balloon catheter itself protects the vessel wall from the cutting edges of the wires during insertion and withdrawal of the device unlike the cutting balloon catheters in which the cutting wires may accidentally cut the vessel wall during insertion and withdrawal.
Referring to
The longitudinal housing such as a tube 26 is a continuous tube, defined by two tubular jacket segments with at least one channel or opening 28 through the sidewall of longitudinal housing 26. A guide insert device 13 is disposed within the lumen of the tube 26. A longitudinal channel 7 in the proximal tubular jacket segment 12 is capable of receiving a shaft 3 in the form of a mandrel in the embodiment shown. Channel 7 is terminated at the proximal end by a bushing 20. As illustrated in
As depicted in
An alternative embodiment of the device 1 is shown in
The conversion device 1 may optionally include an extension (not shown) of the distal tip area 10 to facilitate insertion and advancement of the device 1 through the catheter lumen and vasculature. The extension may be a spring-coiled guidewire-like tip approximately 1.5 cm in length. Other embodiments of the tip extension such as a flexible polymer tip may also be used. The extension provides a soft, atraumatic tip for improved tracking capabilities through the lesion. Alternatively, tubular jacket segments 11 and 12 may be made of different material. For example, the proximal tubular jacket segment 12 may be constructed of stiffer material such as polyamide and the distal tubular jacket segment may be constructed of softer, more flexible material such as an elastomeric polymer. In this configuration, the proximal end provides the stiffness and pushability required to advance the device. The softer, more-flexible distal segment provides for atraumatic navigation through torturous vasculature.
The conversion device 1 may also be constructed such that the tube 26 is integrally formed with angled deployment/retraction channels, eliminating the requirement for a separate insert guide component. In this embodiment, the wires are deployed through channels that are angled relative to the longitudinal axis of the tube. The acute angle of the channels relative to the axis of the shaft may range between 5 and 80 degrees.
When positioned completely within the channel 7 of distal tubular jacket segment 11 as shown in
The handle member 4 of shaft 3 provides a positioning function of the shaft 3 relative to the distal tubular jacket 11. When the handle member 4 is in contact with the proximal end of the tubular segment 12 as shown in
The shape-memory characteristic of the alloy pre-dispose the cutting wire elements 5 to conform to the expanded umbrella shape shown in
In the embodiment shown, each wire 5 consists of a single integrated longitudinal blade having a continuous longitudinal edge 18. Other wire configurations are possible, however. For example, the wire 5 may simply consist of a guidewire or any other wire having no sharp edges. Alternatively, instead of a continuous longitudinal edge 18, the wire 5 may have segments of edges that are spaced from each other for making a series of smaller incisions. In another alternative, the wire 5 may consist of one or more smaller blades that are mounted on a common base. Each blade can be positioned longitudinally or transversely with respect to the common base.
The dimensions of cutting wire element 5 with a wider base width W than wire height H (W:H>=1) ensures that the wires are deployed with the cutting edge 18 pointing toward the lesion surface. In one embodiment, the height of the cutting segment 18 of the wire 5 is between 0.005″ and 0.012″ with a curved base 19 being greater than 0.012″. In addition to the dimensions, the shape-memory characteristics of the wire elements 5 will ensure that the wires are deployed with the cutting edges 18 positioned away from the balloon surface and facing the lesion. Although four cutting wires 5 are depicted in the embodiment as shown in
Although the base 19 has a concave shape in the embodiment shown, the base may be straight rather than radiused. So long as the base 19 of the cutting wire element 5 rests against the balloon surface, the device performs as intended. Other wire configurations are also possible including a standard guidewire profile with no cutting edges. Any wire configuration that functions to provide sufficient focused pressure against the lesion to generate a fracture can be used with the present invention.
A method of using the present invention to convert a standard balloon catheter into a cutting balloon catheter will now be described with reference to
In preparation for an angioplasty procedure, a guidewire 21 is first inserted and advanced to the target lesion 22 using fluoroscopic visualization. An angioplasty balloon catheter 24 is then inserted into the vessel 8 over the guidewire 21 and advanced until the balloon 2 is positioned across the stenotic lesion 22 as shown in
If the balloon 2 fails to dilate the vessel 8 sufficiently, conventionally the standard catheter 24 had to be removed and exchanged with a cutting balloon catheter. Moreover, the catheter exchange may require an exchange of the guidewire as well. According to the present invention, however, the conversion device 1 is used to convert the existing standard balloon catheter 24 already in position in the vessel 8 into a cutting balloon catheter.
According to the inventive method, the guidewire 21 is removed as shown in
Because the conversion device 1 is inserted, advanced and deployed from within the lumen 25 of the angioplasty catheter 24, the problems encountered with prior art cutting balloon technology are eliminated. Specifically, larger overall device profiles due to cutting blades placed externally on the balloon as well as difficulties of advancing through tortuous vasculature due to the larger size and stiffness are eliminated with the present invention.
In preparation for the deployment of the cutting wires 5, the angioplasty balloon catheter 24 is withdrawn from the lesion 22 to a point just proximal to the lesion 22 while the conversion device 1 is held stationary. Re-positioning the balloon catheter 24 just proximal to the lesion allows for clear deployment of the wires within the vessel. As is well known in the art, radiopaque markers on the balloon catheter 24 and the conversion device 1 can be used to indicate correct positioning of the balloon relative to the distal portion of the conversion device 1 prior to deployment.
Balloon position relative to the stenotic lesion 22 and the conversion device 1 prior to wire deployment is depicted in
To deploy the cutting wires 5, the handle member 4 is held stationary while the user advances the outer tubular jacket member 12. Advancing the outer tubular member 12 causes the guide insert 13 and the distal tubular member 11 to also advance. This action results in the deployment of the cutting wires 5, as illustrated in
When being deployed this way, the cutting wires 5 extend outside of the outer tubular member 11 without longitudinally moving. Instead, the outer tubular member 11 moves. This is important because it ensures that the free ends of the cutting wires 5 do not penetrate or snag on the inner wall of the vessel 8 or the lesion 22, which may prevent full deployment of the wires.
The design of the present invention allows for the user to adjust the length of extended cutting wire elements 5 to accommodate various length balloons. By controlling the amount of advancement of the tubular member 12, the user can select the length of exposed wire elements 5. This feature allows the use of a single device 1 with any length PTCA (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty) or PTA (percutaneous transluminal angioplasty) balloon. Similarly, use of the device 1 is not restricted to a specific diameter balloon configuration, as the standard cutting balloons require. The umbrella configuration of the deployed cutting wires conforms to various size diameter angioplasty balloons. Accordingly, the inventory requirements of an angioplasty suite are greatly reduced.
As discussed in the background section, a typical cutting balloon currently on the market has a maximum inflation pressure of only 8 atms while that of a standard high pressure angioplasty balloon can go up to 30 atms or more. Since the present device 1 can be used with a standard high pressure angioplasty balloon to convert the same into a cutting balloon, the inflation pressure of the converted balloon with the deployed cutting wires 5 may be increased substantially past the maximum 8 atm of a conventional cutting balloon, if needed. Alternatively, because of the higher maximum pressure, the edge 18 of the cutting wires 5 may be less sharp than the edge of a standard cutting balloon catheter.
Once the cutting wires 5 are deployed, the angioplasty catheter 24 is re-advanced into the target lesion 22 and positioned within and under the umbrella formation as shown in
Additional balloon pressure causes the incision lines to propagate, easing the expansion of the vessel 8 as shown in
Once the vessel 8 lumen is sufficiently dilated, the balloon 2 is deflated, as shown in
Alternatively, the cutting wires 5 may be retracted within the distal segment 11 of the tube by first withdrawing the deflated balloon proximally from the lesion. The handle member 4 is held stationary while the proximal tubing segment 12 is pulled proximally toward the handle. This action causes the distal tubing segment 11 to move proximally and results in the wires being drawn into the side channels 28.
An alternate method of deployment may be used in certain situations such as when the lumen of the lesion 22 is sufficiently tight or small that the wires 5 may not deploy properly or that the deployed wires may not provide sufficient space for the balloon. In those situations, instead of positioning the distal portion 11 directly within the lesion 22, it can be positioned just proximally of the lesion and deployed. Once the balloon of the catheter 5 is positioned under the deployed cutting wires, the deployed wires and the un-inflated catheter 24 can be pushed together for positioning within the lesion 22 as shown in
The present device 1 can be lengthened to accommodate the exchange of balloon catheters or other dilation devices. For example, if an originally placed balloon catheter needs to be exchanged because it is not working properly or is of insufficient diameter or length to adequately cover the target lesion area, the catheter can be removed while leaving the conversion device 1 in place within the vessel 8. The replacement catheter can then be back loaded over the proximal end of the housing 26 and advanced to the lesion area. The only device modification required to maintain access during catheter exchanges would be to increase the length of the housing 26 to ensure that the length of the housing 26 outside of the patient is longer than the entire length of the catheter being exchanged. Thus the device 1 acts as a guidewire, eliminating the need for multiple exchanges of guidewires, as well as a cutting or scoring instrument.
As can be appreciated by persons of skill in the art, problems associated with withdrawal of conventional cutting balloons are eliminated with the design of the present invention. Since the cutting wires are completely contained and enclosed within the tubular jacket segment 11 after retraction, there is no chance of inadvertent vessel wall damage by cutting elements during withdrawal of the device.
Once the cutting elements are retracted, the conversion device 1 can then be withdrawn from the vessel. Once removed, a guidewire is re-inserted through the lumen 25 of the balloon catheter 24 to maintain access to the vessel, if desired. The balloon catheter 24 is then removed from the vessel. To complete the procedure, an angiogram is typically performed to determine vessel patency. Once the angiogram has confirmed acceptable results, the guidewire is then removed from the vasculature.
According to the invention, balloon deflation and withdrawal problems, which are common during angioplasty procedures, will not be complicated by external blade structures found on prior art cutting balloons. With the present invention, the cutting wires 5 are completely contained within the conversion device 1, which is designed to be withdrawn independently of the balloon catheter.
While certain novel features of this invention have been shown and described above, the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention such as different delivery mechanism, materials, configurations and different cutting wire designs. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not as restrictive.
Clearly, the invention also envisions different cutting wire deployment mechanisms and wire configurations. Deployment can be achieved by numerous methods including the use of a shape-memory material, by longitudinal movement of the wires through a channel, by radial expansion using a mechanical release mechanism or by a combination of any of the above deployment methods. For example, a deployment mechanism may be designed so that the undeployed wires are deployed by having free ends of the wires extend radially away from the longitudinal housing similar to the way an umbrella opens, instead of the wires sliding out of the sidewall openings of the longitudinal housing. A mechanism lever or release mechanism may be used to control deployment and/or retraction of the wires relative to the device.
The housing design can also be modified to include a guide having one or more U-shaped channels to deploy a single or multiple wires. The U-shaped channels guide the wires to be deployed in the proximal direction which is generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing 26 by advancing the shaft distally. This design may be advantageous in certain situations because it minimizes the length of the distal portion 11. If a single cutting wire 5 is used, then the wire may be simply an extension of the shaft 3.
Various omissions, modifications, substitutions and changes in the forms and details of the device illustrated and in its operation can be made by those skilled in the art without departing in any way from the spirit of the present invention.
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text:
disappointing sales calculus
- LivingroomClassics 1 Oct 2012 20:14hi.
i did a sorting after the number of sales, on all the audioclips online.
you can repeat what i did, and i found out that of all 70000 clips, only 3% had more than 10 sales (that means, 2000 out of 70000).
and out of those 3%, many belong to some same sellers, that are probably dedicated audio companies that have employers and an entire staff, being in the business of making only audio clips (i suppose, i may be wrong, but thats my guess).
furthermore, if i assume each user has about 70 clips posted (more or less), it would account for 1000 artists online.
if all the odds were equal, and the 3% were equally distributed, each artist would have only 2 clips that sold over 10 times, at this exact moment im writing.
the most sales is the clip named "clouds" which has 650 sales or somth like that.
if among those 2000 clips the number of sales is somewhat progressive, each of the 2000 clips would have lets say 50 sales.
assuming a general price of $20, each artist would have earned around 2 x 50 x $20 = $2000 in probably 2 years since he's been posting here.
pond5 takes half, which leaves him with $1000.
divide that by 24 months, and it comes to about $40 per month.
say you also post the clips on other sites, and triple this income.
i conclude that you kinda make only $150 per month (id you;re not a company dealing excluseviley with this, like audioquattro or prolificarts users are - if im wrong, they might correct me.....i mean if they're just simple guys like the rest of us).
so, with $150, i hope you're not paying taxes on them...
pretty disappointing.
- LivingroomClassics 1 Oct 2012 20:24good news, though.
my calculus was based asuming (obviously) that the 'number of sales' sorting order was displaying correct.
upon further analisys i noticed that, going down the pages, the sorting displayed is not accurate.
pond5, you should correct this.
i sorted after number of sales descending, and on page 31 instead of descending order on sales, i stumbled on clips that had sales like this : 7, 3, 4, 9, 1. these are not descending sorted, as they supposed to be by chosing that sort order.
pond5......this is not good...
- digiphd 12 Feb 2013 09:48Your're right it unfortunately turned into a numbers game for those of us who just work away in our home studios. Quantity over quality is a sad thing, but with more and more people contributing the database is going to grow. Just like how the worlds population has tripled in the last 50 years, no doubt the number of competing tracks will also grow exponentially.
So there is no point in over analysing it, as we know it isn't a get rich quick scheme. Better off spending that time making new music, and aim to produce x-tracks per month to build up your portfolio.
- MuscoSound 12 Feb 2013 17:11Good advice digiphd
- ThisBruceSmith 12 Feb 2013 19:52I agree with digiphd and MuscoSound, long-term I think the best strategy is to build your portfolio and work on developing as many income streams as possible.
- Trans_OM 13 Feb 2013 09:45Sorting ways may provide good and bad effect depending on which priority your tracks have.
I believe that producing QUALITY stuff brings more advantages then playing "number's game".
Writing what you really want is forming your brand's identity in a long period.
So, everyday the one answers the "who am i" question by writing/producing etc.. and it is really important because your possible customers is aware of such answering when they search/browse/listen your stuff.
I choiced to go "less-but-better" way - at now have no dissapoints yet.
Keeping in mind tideously increasing market the only "safe spot" is to find your own niche (narrow -better).
Just my 5kopecks.
Changed 1 Oct 2012 20:24 by LivingroomClassics ""
Changed 1 Oct 2012 20:24 by LivingroomClassics ""
Changed 1 Oct 2012 20:24 by LivingroomClassics ""

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Concept laptop gets built-in KoalaPad
Apple II users may remember the KoalaPad drawing tool accessory that allowed users to use both fingers and a stylus to create art on their PCs.
Now designer Victor Bivol has re-invented the retro peripheral by creating a concept laptop design that sees such a tool built-in to a modern day portable PC.
Rather than an accessory, the pad is hidden under the keyboard that lifts and swivels to offer a two-in-one solution for those that need to draw, as well as type, on the go.


text:
CSI: Hard Evidence Xbox 360 Cheats
- Game: CSI: Hard Evidence
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All Cases Unlocked cheat for CSI: Hard Evidence on Xbox 360
You enter in "confession" as the profile name.
Game Name: CSI: Hard Evidence
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Submited by: fdas on Sun, 13th April 2008 04:19 PM
Comment on the All Cases Unlocked cheat for CSI: Hard Evidence:


text:
Archaeology of the Frobisher Voyages edited by William W. Fitzhugh and Jacqueline S. Olin, Smithsonian Institution Press, pp 271, $25.95
Time was when archaeology and history were seen as distinctly different enterprises. Archaeologists dug up the remains of prehistoric societies, historians grappled with the ambiguities of the written record. The boundary between the disciplines was often blurred in, for example, China, Egypt or the Graeco-Roman world, but was by and large universally accepted. Times have changed, and historical archaeology is now an established discipline that generates new, and often provocative, insights into the complexity of past human behaviours.
In the spirit of this new discipline Archaeology of the Frobisher Voyages is an investigation into archaeology, history, ethnography and the natural sciences. It seeks to throw light on some of the most dramatic episodes of 16th-century European exploration - Martin Frobisher's three voyages in search of the Northwest Passage, made between ...
To continue reading this article, subscribe to receive access to all of newscientist.com, including 20 years of archive content.


text:
@@TOTAL_WRITE (Transact-SQL)
Applies To: SQL Server 2014, SQL Server 2016 Preview
Topic Status: Some information in this topic is preview and subject to change in future releases. Preview information describes new features or changes to existing features in Microsoft SQL Server 2016 Community Technology Preview 2 (CTP2).
Returns the number of disk writes by SQL Server since SQL Server was last started.
Applies to: SQL Server (SQL Server 2008 through current version).
The following example shows returning the total number of disk reads and writes as of the current date and time.
SELECT @@TOTAL_READ AS 'Reads', @@TOTAL_WRITE AS 'Writes', GETDATE() AS 'As of'
Here is the result set.
Reads Writes As of ----------- ----------- ---------------------- 7760 97263 12/5/2006 10:23:00 PM


text:
Connect With Us800-299-9470
How Will My Product(s) Be Delivered?When purchasing a large appliance from AppliancesConnection, a representative will contact you 48 hours prior to arriving to your location to schedule a delivery date and a 4 hour time window. Upon delivery, your product will be unloaded and ready for you to open and inspect. If you have chosen White Glove service, the item will be placed in your room of choice and the debris will be removed.
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Kukla's Korner Hockey
It Could Be Beautiful
by Paul on 04/11/07 at 09:57 AM ET
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from Jeff Z. Klein & Karl-Eric Reif of the New York Times,
If the Stanley Cup playoffs are anything like the just concluded regular season, hockey fans are in for a treat. Despite some persistent problems — an epidemic of head injuries from legal but malicious checks, a pro-fighting backlash against new rules designed to reduce violence and lagging attendance in several cities — the hallmark of the 2006-7 season has been an abundance of beautiful, creative goal-scoring.
Buffalo and Detroit have scored those beautiful goals most often, the main reason they finished first in their conferences and are the favorites to win the Stanley Cup. Many of the Sabres' goals have come from gorgeous clockwork passing on full-tilt rushes to the net, reminiscent of the great Soviet teams of the 1970s. Many of the Red Wings' goals have come from precision combination play in tight spaces, an ingenious game of high-speed tic-tac-toe.
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text: Featured comments + Add comment Comments (4) Featured IBLEEDBLU "tactics on the PS was great! the gameplay and feel to the game was amazing - i rank it up there next 2 FF7 i want square to make a new tactics game for the PS3! " 2927d ago PS360WII "Well PSP is getting the remake of the original PS tactics. This one seemed like the battle layout and gameplay is quite similar. The world map was nice how it was a roads going into cities where it branches off to each territory. I hear the story line is goi..." 2927d ago Mr_Kuwabara "They could've just made this one for the PSP as well. The same goes with the PSP FF Tactics, they should've brought that one to the DS. Oh well, money talks, money walks, money f****. =P " 2926d ago


text:
Construction Industry
Construction Industry Golf Tournament
Monday, July 20, 2015
Leewood Golf Club | 1 Leewood Drive, Eastchester, NY
Check-in will begin at 10:30 a.m., followed by brunch at 11 a.m. The shotgun scramble will take place at 12 p.m. Following the outing, cocktail hour will start at 5 p.m., followed by dinner and prize distribution at 6 p.m. Download brochure.
The annual Construction Industry Golf Tournament, sponsored by the Manhattan College Alumni Society, has become a signature event for alumni and friends of Manhattan College. The program was founded by Joe Van Etten '57 in 1997 and is currently co-chaired by Mike McHugh '80 and Milo Riverso '81, Ph.D.
All profits provide support for the College's distinctive mission, which is to offer a Lasallian Catholic education to all deserving students. Past tournament earnings provided an endowed civil engineering scholarship in memory of our friend, Joe Van Etten, whose efforts and generosity made this event what it is today. Today's tournament benefits the College's civil engineering program.
Please consider a personal or corporate partnership. Your support and participation is very much appreciated! We are grateful to all sponsors, golfers, and volunteers who help make the Construction Industry Golf Tournament a great success.
For more information about this event and related programs, email firstname.lastname@example.com or call (718) 862-7432.
2014 Outing
More than 125 golfers participated in the 17th annual Construction Industry Golf Outing on July 21 at Leewood Golf Club in Eastchester. The tournament, which included a welcome brunch, cocktail and dinner reception, and numerous awards and raffle prizes, raised more than $75,000 to benefit the civil engineering program. View photos from the 2014 outing.


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YIELD: Serves 4
In a kettle bring the water to a boil with the clams and steam the clams, covered, checking them occasionally and transferring them as they open with a slotted spoon to a large bowl, for 3 to 8 minutes. Discard any unopened clams, strain the broth through a fine sieve into a large glass measure, and if necessary add enough water to measure a total of 1 1/2 cups. Discard the shells, rinse any clams that feel sandy, and chop the clams.
Stir the cornstarch into the clam broth and stir in the soy sauce, the Scotch, the vinegar, and the sugar. In a wok or large heavy skillet heat the oil over moderately high heat until it just begins to smoke and in it stir-fry the gingerroot, the black beans, and the garlic for 30 seconds, or until the mixture is fragrant. Stir the cornstarch mixture, add it to the wok, stirring, and bring the sauce to a boil, stirring. Simmer the sauce, stirring, for 2 minutes and keep it warm.
In a kettle of salted boiling water cook the linguine until it is al dente, drain it, and add it to the wok with the clams and the scallions. Cook the mixture over moderate heat, tossing the linguine, until it is heated through and the linguine is coated well with the sauce.


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A celebration of the foods and wines of the Pacific Northwest. A thematic nine course dinner with six matched wines and a single seating nightly.
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Ron's Weekly Message July 7, 2015
Magic in the Herbal Atelier!
In the early years of The Herbfarm restaurant, we essentially introduced the American culinary scene to "new" herbs and new uses. Scented geraniums. Lemon Verbena. Angelica. Anisy Hyssop. These were just some of the herbs we folded into our repertoire, often introducing them in unusual dessert preparations.
We are constantly finding new plants an ...READ MORE


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Originally written on Fox Sports | Last updated 1/17/12
The Kansas City Royals and utility outfielder Mitch Maier have agreed to an $865,000, one-year contract that avoided arbitration. Maier can earn an additional $10,000 for making 100 plate appearances and $50,000 for making his first All-Star game. He had 113 plate appearances last season. Maier hit .232 and drove in seven runs while appearing in 45 games as the Royals' fourth outfielder last year, when he made $459,000. The former first-round draft pick is a career .253 hitter in 327 games. The 29-year-old Maier is the longest-tenured player on the club's 40-man roster.
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The Infinity Test
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|Content Category: Projects & Contracts
|Turlock Secures 100 MW Of Windy Point
|by NAW Staff on Friday January 04 2008
|The board of directors for California-based Turlock Irrigation District (TID) has authorized the purchase of approximately 100 MW of power from the Windy Point Renewable [read more]
|LURC Approves UPC Wind's Stetson Wind Project
|by NAW Staff on Thursday January 03 2008
|Newton, Mass.-based UPC Wind has received final approval from the Maine Land Use Regulation Commission (LURC) on its 57 MW Stetson Wind Project in Washington [read more]
|Cedar Creek Wind Farm Fully Operational
|by NAW Staff on Thursday January 03 2008
|Babcock & Brown and BP Alternative Energy have announced full commercial operation of their joint development venture, Cedar Creek wind farm in Weld County, Colo. [read more]
|Consortium Invests In Four U.S. Wind Farms
|by NAW Staff on Thursday January 03 2008
|Horizon Wind Energy LLC, a subsidiary of Energias de Portugal (EDP), agreed to a transaction with a consortium of institutional equity investors, composed of GE [read more]
|Biglow Canyon Project Fully Operational
|by NAW Staff on Thursday December 27 2007
|Portland General Electric Co. (PGE) has completed construction for the remaining 76 turbines in the first-phase development at PGE's Biglow Canyon Wind Farm in Sherman [read more]
|Algonquin Power Progresses To Next Phase Of RFP
|by NAW Staff on Monday December 24 2007
|Algonquin Power has been selected to proceed to the next phase in Manitoba Hydro's request for proposals (RFP) from Manitoba wind-powered electrical generation facilities. Algonquin [read more]
|Environmental Terms Of Reference Approved For NaiKun Project
|by NAW Staff on Monday December 24 2007
|Vancouver, British Columbia-based NaiKun Wind Energy has announced that the Environmental Assessment Office has approved the terms of reference for NaiKun's proposed offshore wind project [read more]
|SCC Grants Conditional Approval To Wind Farm
|by NAW Staff on Monday December 24 2007
|Virginia's State Corporation Commission (SCC) has granted conditional approval to a proposed wind-powered electric generation facility in Highland County. All conditions to minimize adverse environmental [read more]
|Ameren Agrees To Buy Wind Power From Horizon Wind Energy Project
|by NAW Staff on Friday December 21 2007
|St. Louis-based Ameren, a subsidiary of AmerenUE, has announced an agreement to purchase 100 MW of energy from Horizon Wind Energy's Rail Splitter Wind Farm [read more]
|Vestas Receives Wind Turbine Order For Texas Project
|by NAW Staff on Friday December 21 2007
|Vestas has received an order for 55 units of the V82-1.65 MW wind turbine from Duke Energy. The turbines are expected to have a total [read more]
|Siemens Receives Order For Offshore Wind Farm In Denmark
|by NAW Staff on Friday December 21 2007
|Siemens Power Generation has signed a contract with Danish energy company Dong Energy A/S for the supply of 91 wind turbines to extend the existing [read more]
|UPC Signs PPA With City Of Los Angeles
|by NAW Staff on Thursday December 20 2007
|Newton, Mass.-based wind power company UPC Wind has announced the approval of a 20-year power purchase agreement (PPA) to supply Los Angeles with wind power [read more]
|Vestas Receives Wind Turbine Order From EarthFirst Canada
|by NAW Staff on Monday December 17 2007
|Danish wind turbine manufacturer Vestas has received an order for 48 units of the V90-3.0 MW wind turbine from wind developer EarthFirst Canada to be [read more]
|Newfoundland Utility Signs PPA For Fermeuse Wind Project
|by NAW Staff on Friday December 14 2007
|St. John, Newfoundland-based utility company Newfoundland and Labrador Hydro (NLH) has signed a 20-year power purchase agreement (PPA) with Toronto-based renewable energy company SkyPower Corp., [read more]
|WNEA Enters Purchase Agreement With Boreal
|by NAW Staff on Friday December 14 2007
|Eden Prairie, Minn.-based energy company Wind Energy America (WNEA) has entered into a definitive asset purchase agreement to acquire the assets of Vadnais Heights, Minn.-based [read more]


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latest posts
Family Fun Day and Wedding Fayre 2014
August 1, 2014 By admin
FAMILY FUN DAY & WEDDING FAYRE AT The Snooty Fox Inn (BY OAKWOOD THEME PARK) ON SUNDAY 31ST AUGUST. FREE ENTRY TO BOTH EVENTS. Upsy Daizy Chaircovers Upsy Daizy Chaircover Hire ALONG WITH MANY OTHER LOCAL BUSINESSES WILL BE IN ATTENDANCE. For more information just check out the Facebook page via the link below: SNOOTY [...]
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I have purchasd numerous things from Heidi and her service is first class, she is more than helpful in everyway. She supplied me with all the things for my sisters hen party and what she didn't have in stock was ordered. First class service and can't wait for her decor skills in my wedding. Very talented lady, recommended to friends and family without hesitation. — Nikki


text:
Jacob's Village: A place of their own
Jacob's Village provides community for functionally disabled adults
Jacob's Village, a not-for-profit organization, would not exist if not for the vision of people like the Andy and Charmie Guagenti.
It would not survive without the legion of volunteers who support it, serving on the board of directors, through their churches and civic organizations like the Boy Scouts, Master Gardeners Association and the University of Southern Indiana (student volunteers and occupational therapy interns), in addition to individuals who are moved to become involved on their own.
A partnership with Bethesda Lutheran Communities (see www.bethesdalutherancommunities.org) established in 2010, provides salaries for the direct caregivers at Jacob's Village, Jacob's Village president and CEO Cheryl Kuchna said.
Corporate sponsors have included Sabic in Mount Vernon, Ind., Toyota Motor Manufacturer in Princeton, Ind., Berry Plastics, G.D. Ritzy's and Old National and Fifth Third banks in Evansville.
The Evansville Otters have supported Jacob's Village for the past eight years, Kuchna said, by holding an exhibition game each summer and donating the gate receipts to the village. "They have raised more than $100,000 for us so far," Kuchna said.
More information about Jacob's Village is available at www.jacobsvillage.org. Tours of the facility are available by contacting the office at 812-963-5198.
The second phase of construction at Jacob's Village, which will more than double the housing for residents, is under way.
Six new duplexes — all ADA compliant — are planned. They will include six one-bedroom and six two-bedroom units, "allowing us to more than double the number of people we support here," said Jacob's Village president and CEO Cheryl Kuchna. Currently there are 10 residents and room for one more.
More importantly, as the village expands and includes gardens and mediation areas, it is becoming the neighborhood Andy and Charmie Guagenti envisioned for families who need assurance that their disabled loved ones will have quality care and a place to live all their lives.
The Guagentis — with the support of a cadre of like-minded friends and business leaders — were instrumental in the development of Jacob's Village, a community for functionally disabled adults, named for their grandson, and located on 132 acres of largely undeveloped land on Evansville's far West Side.
The mission statement is simple: " … to develop a safe walkable neighborhood community where people with disabilities and older adults can find meaningful relationships, housing that is affordable and accessible and activities that encourage active minds and bodies," Kuchna said.
"We are small. We have that sense of neighborhood, community. Residents get to know their neighbors, and they get to do things together," she said.
It is the natural order of things that children will outlive their parents.
But for parents of special-needs children, the notion that their children will outlive them is nightmarish. The universal question is: Who will care for their loved one when they are gone?
This worst-case scenario became predominate in the minds of the Guagentis 26 years ago, after the birth of their grandson, Jacob Grunow.
Jacob was born with Down syndrome.
Jacob lives with loving parents and has a supportive extended family; he is financially secure.
But what if he wasn't? And even with that kind of security, what if he outlives his entire family? He is not able to live independently.
This thinking haunted the Guagentis: "It took us off-guard, focusing in on the key: 'What happens when I'm gone?'" Andy Guagenti said.
As that thought settled in, so did the desire to do something about it. "Parents do not want to give up their kids, they want them home as long as possible," Andy Guagenti said. But then, he said, reality sets in.
The average age (of adults living with disabilities who find themselves in need of housing arrangements after their families can no longer provide) is 50.
The State of Indiana estimates that there are more than 14,000 Hoosiers with developmental disabilities who are living with caregivers over age 62.
Ten years of planning and execution became a reality in 2004 when the first residents moved in to Jacob's Village.
Far from an institutional setting, residents at Jacob's Village quickly came to consider themselves at home; they live in fully-equipped, ADA-compliant apartments. They have roommates, each with their own bedroom; there are four bedrooms in each apartment.
At last year's Christmas party, Charmie Guagenti recalled one new resident.
"She had only been there for a couple of weeks," being concerned that she might not be going back (to Jacob's Village) after the party. "She told her mother she didn't want to go home!" Charmie Guagenti said.
"She loves it there. She wanted to be there."
And that is exactly what Jacob's Village is all about, Kuchna said.
"They are doing things they didn't get to do before," added Charmie Guagenti. "They just love it. Volunteers take them to ball games, movies, they get to go to church, Bible study, lots of things they never did before (and) they love it. It is heartwarming."
Dodie VanHooser of Evansville shares the Guagentis' enthusiasm for Jacob's Village.
She survived an automobile accident in the late 1960s that killed her parents and left her older sister, Diana, with severe developmental disabilities.
She was five; her sister was nine.
The girls lived with various family members for several years, but Diana's injuries and subsequent behavioral issues made caring for her at home increasingly difficult.
When family could no longer provide a safe environment, Diana was institutionalized.
"She spent nearly 30 years at the Evansville State Hospital," VanHooser said.
No one was happy.
"I heard about Jacob's Village when they first started talking about it, but at that time it was private pay and we did not have the resources.
"When the State of Indiana shut down all developmental units at state-run facilities (including Evansville State Hospital) and introduced the Developmental Disabilities Waiver (administered through Indiana Medicaid), we contacted (Jacob's Village) right away," VanHooser said.
Diana moved there in 2011.
"There are other residential providers (in the area), companies that place these adults in mainstream apartments, with roommates (and professional caregivers), the big difference with Jacob's Village is the sense of community," VanHooser said.
"My sister has the opportunity to develop relationships with her neighbors; I believe she has a much more fulfilling life because of these relationships, getting outside, visiting and enjoying activities together. I don't worry about her safety."
VanHooser said she sees her sister a lot (but) "She has three housemates. She helps plan menus and shops for food. They go to the movies together.
"The entire community gets out; there's karaoke, the circus, high school musicals and Bible study. They are always on the go!"
Additional details of the expansion will be released next week.
Subscribe to the Courier & Press or The Gleaner
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Summer in Soho
Experience Soho's one-of-a-kind culture this summer by exploring art galleries, boutique shopping and great dining. Outdoor spaces include a seasonal Urban Garden with outdoor dining by David Burke, and a rooftop pool deck.
Summer in Soho offer includes a complimentary bottle of prosecco to enjoy in The Garden by David Burke.
For stays through September 8, 2015. Offer is subject to availability. Must be 21 years of age to redeem. Package amenity is per room, per stay. Reservation must be cancelled by 3pm EST one day prior to arrival to avoid penalty of one night room and tax. Consecutive check-in and checkouts are not permitted. May not be combined with other offers or specials. Not applicable for groups. Blackout dates and restrictions may apply.


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The Domestic Violence Survivor Support Network is holding our first membership meeting on Wednesday September 12 from 1130 to 12 in 3.142.
We'll discuss our mission, take volunteers for 1L section representatives, our upcoming fundraising events, and more. We'll also enjoy goodies from Tiff's Treats, so come by and introduce yourself.
We look forward to seeing you!
If you need an accommodation to participate in this event, please contact the sponsor listed above or the UT Law Special Events Office at email@example.com no later than seven business days prior to the event.


text:
Midnight in Dostoevsky
By Don DeLillo
We were two sombre boys hunched in our coats, grim winter settling in. The college was at the edge of a small town way upstate, barely a town, maybe a hamlet, we said, or just a whistle stop, and we took walks all the time, getting out, going nowhere, low skies and bare trees, hardly a soul to be seen. This was how we spoke of the local people: they were souls, they were transient spirits, a face in the window of a passing car, runny with reflected light, or a long street with a shovel jutting from a snowbank, no one in sight.


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Ecover, Natural Floor Soap, with Linseed Oil, 32 fl oz (946 ml)
By Ecover30 Reviews
Shipping Weight:?2.66 lbs (1.21 kg)
Shipping Weight
The Shipping Weight includes the product, protective packaging material and the actual shipping box. In addition, the Shipping Weight may be adjusted for the Dimensional Weight (e.g. length, width & height) of a package. It is important to note that certain types of products (e.g. glass containers, liquids, fragile, refrigerated or ice packed) will often require protective packaging material. As such, these products will reflect a higher Shipping Weight compared to the unprotected product.
- Product Code: ECV-35200
- UPC Code: 728997352000
- Package Quantity: 32 fl oz (946 ml)
- Dimensions: 2.5 x 3.6 x 10.8 in, 2.25 lbs (1.02 kg)
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- Powered by Nature
- Suitable for Septic Tanks
- Biodegradable
Ecover products have been developed under Ecover's Diamond Model that is validated by Vincotte Environment for reduced impact during resource extraction and transformation, product usage and environmental fate after use.
Give your floors a gorgeous linseed-oil infused shine. This floor soap is the perfect cleaning solution for porous surfaces such as natural stones and tiles; it nourishes and protects with gentle plant-based ingredients. Your floors will thank you.
Suggested Use
Use 1-2 capfuls to 1.5 gallons (5.7 L) of warm water. Use a damp mop or cloth to clean the floor. Let dry.
No tested on animals.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Aqua, linum usitatissimum seed oil, fragrance*, limonene, citral, geraniol.
*100% natural fragrance
iHerb Customer Reviews
I am self employed and use this product. My clients are always complementing me on there hardwood floors. Friends and family keep asking if they had there wood floors redone. How sweet is that?
I have just cleaned my floors with this soap, so my impressions are fresh. It is amazing floor soap. First of all, it cleans really well. I see now that the floor all over my flat is lighter. It eliminates dirt all over and freshens the look. Then, it is soft to your hands. I clean floors without special gloves, and I should say, this soap feels like oil. It doesn't dry hands. And finally, it smells very pleasant. I am certainly going to buy this stuff again. A really wonderful job.


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FIGURE 5.3 Current FEMA coastal mapping procedures used in Mississippi and Louisiana. In these studies, two-dimensional surge (ADCIRC) and wave (SWAN for Mississippi and STeady State spectral wave [STWAVE] for Louisiana) models are used to calculate the 1 percent annual chance stillwater elevation, and CHAMP/WHAFIS is used to calculate overland wave crest and post-storm topography. The 1 percent annual chance SWEL and the wave crest are then combined to calculate the BFE. NOTE: FIRM = Flood Insurance Rate Map.
TABLE 5.1 Elements of FEMA's Current Coastal Flood Mapping Process
Empirical and Probabilistic Input Data
Coupled Surge and Wave Models for SWEL Calculation
Wave Crest and BFE Calculation
Hurricane data
Probabilistic hurricane wind model data
Hurricane ensemble and return period data
Bathymetric data
Pre- and post-storm topographic data
2-D storm surge model
2-D wave model
CHAMP/WHAFIS erosion and wave calculations along one-dimensional (1-D) transects
Post-storm topographic data to verify CHAMP/WHAFIS results
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5 Coastal Flooding ."
Mapping the Zone: Improving Flood Map Accuracy . Washington, DC: The National Academies Press,
2009 .
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text:
Singapore Lobster And Shrimp
|Canola oil
|2 Tablespoon
|Curry powder
|4 Teaspoon
|Sliced onions
|2 Cup (32 tbs)
|Soy sauce
|1 Tablespoon
|Chicken stock
|1 1⁄2 Cup (24 tbs)
|Quick cooking brown rice
|1 1⁄4 Cup (20 tbs)
|Minced fresh parsley
|1 Tablespoon
|Frozen lobster tail
|1 Small, thawed and shell removed
|Large shrimp
|1 Pound, peeled and deveined
|Pineapple chunks with juice
|1 Cup (16 tbs)
|1 Tablespoon
|Mung bean sprouts
|1 Cup (16 tbs)
|Ground red pepper
|1 Pinch
|1 Teaspoon
|Sliced almonds
|2 Teaspoon
|Mango chutney
|2 Tablespoon
In a 3-quart casserole, combine the oil and curry powder.
Microwave on high for 1 minute.
Stir in the onions and soy sauce.
Cover with a lid and microwave on high for 6 to 9 minutes, stirring twice during this time, until the onions are tender.
While the onions are microwaving, bring the stock to a boil in a 2-quart saucepan over medium heat.
Stir in the rice, reduce the heat to low, cover the pan, and simmer for 10 minutes.
Stir in the parsley.
Keep warm.
Slice the lobster tail into eight pieces.
Stir the lobster and shrimp into the onions.
Cover and microwave on high for 3 to 4 minutes, or until the shrimp just begin to turn opaque.
Cover and set aside.
In a small bowl, mix the juice from the pineapple with the cornstarch until smooth.
Microwave on high for 30 seconds.
Stir and microwave on high for 30 seconds to 1 1/2 minutes, or until slightly thickened.
Stir into the seafood.
Add the pineapple, bean sprouts, and red pepper.
Cover and microwave on high for 2 minutes, or until the mixture is heated through.
Serve over the rice.
Sprinkle with the raisins and almonds and accompany with small spoonfuls of the chutney.


text:
follow Dictionary.com
He was a snobby Princeton senior who distrusted his own snobbery.
It was like, he was the anti-Christ and we came from a snobby, purist direction.
A new study finds that customers are more likely to buy when dealing with snobby salespeople.
1835, from snob + -y (2). Related: Snobbiness.


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Philip W. Pryor, M.D.
64, passed away April 26, 2014. He was born July 1, 1949, in Bloomington, the son of the late Harold Vestle Pryor and Phoebe (Sparks) Pryor.
He received his BS in Industrial Engineering and MS in Systems Engineering from Purdue University. He then obtained his MD from Indiana University School of Medicine followed by residency in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery. In 1985, he completed a spine surgery fellowship with a pioneer in the field. In 1987, he founded The Spine Institute, now located in Carmel. He has conducted and published several scientific studies and was active in numerous medical societies.
In his free time, Dr. Pryor enjoyed building computers, photography, and appreciating scenery. Most importantly, he had the opportunity to be "Papa" to seven grandchildren.
Dr. Pryor is survived by his children, John David (Stephanie M.D.) Pryor M.D., Lisa Jean Allen, Philip Matthew (Courtney) Pryor; grandchildren, Aliyah, Mackenzie, Jada, Liam, Ella, John Lucas, and Charlotte; companion, Rebecca Hess; sister, Barbara (Everett) Harvey; and step-mother, Kermilla Pryor.
Services will be at 10:00 a.m. on Friday, May 2, 2014 in Flanner and Buchanan - Carmel , 325 East Carmel Drive. Visitation will be from 4:00 p.m. until 8:00 p.m. on Thursday in the funeral home.
Memorial contributions may be directed to the http://www.flannerbuchanan.com
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Inspired songwriting and musical execution!! loving what I hear in my headphones!! Drop by my page when you get a chance to say hi, listen to a song, and share thoughts. Plus I would like to stay in contact for when you post new material!
That graphic messed with my head! But nice work too! All the best and here's a yee-haw from the rowdy tundra monkeys up in Alberta, Canada!
Nice sound, Bill! :)
Cookie Crumbs is an excellent track! You have a great voice and great lyrics! Your emotional delivery is terrific! I wish you much success!
--Slam Horse
slam horse- thanks for the feedback- i can hear your music on radio- its fun fun man!-bill
Wishing you the best with your music and have a great day. Eddie Ray
thanks eddie ray- ditto- thats real country music- goo to hear for a change..
Sounds great!
Came by for a visit. Great sounding tunes.
Great blues playing here Bill......Charles.
Feelin the Vibe. Keep doin ya thing, Stay up!
Just dropping in to show some support & listen to your music.all the best ..Paul