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Physical therapy may include hot
and cold therapy to relieve pain.
It may also include
stretching and
range-of-motion exercises to maintain strength,
flexibility, and mobility.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) applies brief pulses of electricity to nerve endings in the
skin to relieve chronic pain.
It's common to respond to chronic
pain with feelings of frustration, depression,
anxiety, fear, and even anger. These feelings can make
it tough to conquer chronic pain, especially if you use alcohol or drugs to
manage your symptoms.
A counselor may use
treatments such as
cognitive-behavioral therapy to help you cope with
your pain.
A support group is made up of people with similar experiences
who can understand your feelings and provide comfort. They can keep
you from feeling isolated and alone.
Being around others who share your problem
can help you and your family learn how to accept and manage chronic pain.
find a group near you, contact the American Chronic Pain Association at
1-800-533-3231 or online at www.theacpa.org.
Trying one or more of these complementary therapies may reduce pain, help you cope with stress, and improve your emotional and
physical well-being:
If you decide to try one or more
of these complementary therapies to treat your chronic pain, find a health
professional who has special training and, whenever possible, certification in
the particular therapy.
You may get a referral from someone you trust such as
your doctor, family, or friends. Make sure all of your health professionals
know every type of treatment you are using to reduce chronic pain.
Last Revised:
June 11, 2012
Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:
Anne C. Poinier, MD - Internal Medicine & Nancy Greenwald, MD - Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
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text:
Pronunciation: kandidatur
Added on: 2008-05-30 Listened: 27 timesin: noun
Pronunciation in German [de]
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Nissan Sentra..........
I was crusing along Interstate 80 on Saturday in Illinois at about 10 pm. I am in the middle lane doing about 65 and I see in my mirror some annoying blue headlights. I look to my left and its a blacked out Nissan Sentra with dual exhaust. I pull up next to the guy and he starts goating me speeding up and slowing down. He rolls his passenger window down and asks me if I want to go and I kinda just laughed at him, sure if you want to. We waited until traffic was open in front of us, got next to each other. He looked over gave me the thumbs up and honked it off, rolling at 65. Third honk came around and I just hammered it. I have no idea what this guy wanted to accomplish but its now Wednesday and I still haven't seen him. So if anyone sees the douche in a Nissan Sentra with dual exhuast, let me know so I know hes ok.
Unless the guy has an absolutely built spec-v, he has no chance in hell of winning. Sentras can make great show cars, but they are not dragsters or racing cars or anything like that. I'd say good kill, but it was probably more like a slaughter.
Couldn't agree more.
He def had it coming. Just let me know if you see him lol
You can't fix stupid!! Nissan Sentra.... I'd hide from people, not flag them down for racing!
Nissan did offer a s/c Sentra a while back but it was still under 200hp. if I remember correctly.
The Sentra Spec-V is about 200 HP with a 6 speed manual I believe. They might launch better than us, I'm not sure, but at any sort of a roll we'll blow em away. I've got a few buddies with Sentras who wanna go so I'll report back the results when it happens.
We were doing 65 already. I annihilated him
Do you recall if he started catching you once you hit the limiter?
I didnt see him before I got to my exit.
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DWR 2.0 Adds Reverse Ajax, Script Scope, and Annotation Support
Javascript Proxy API
Reverse Ajax
DWR supports 3 ways to asynchronously transfer messages from the server to the browser: Comet (long-lived HTTP connections), Polling and Piggyback. Of these Comet and Polling are active (fast but require extra network traffic) and Piggyback is passive (slower but doesn't need extra network traffic). DWR automatically selects the best method transparently to the programmer.
Script Scope
With normal servlets there are 4 scopes; application, session, page and request. DWR2 introduces a new scope: 'script'. Script scope applies to a single web page (rather than a whole browser), however long the page lives.
If you are using Java 5 then you can make use of the new DWR annotations. New annotations include @RemoteProxy, @DataTransferObject, @RemoteMethod and @RemoteProperty.
DWR 2 also includes security features to provide automatic protection against CSRF attacks for many configurations and defaults to a mode where XSS attacks are reduced.
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DevOps & Product Teams - Win or Fail?
Peter Neumark Jun 29, 2015
Protocols - The Glue for Applications
Torben Hoffmann Jun 28, 2015
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Tony Quinlan Jun 28, 2015


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Beyond Down® Synthetic Down Comforter
Beyond Down® - The Ultimate in Synthetic Down
Unbelivable Comfort, Undeniable Luxury.
Cuddle up for the night in the SleepBetteer Beyond Down® Sythethic Down Comforter. This perfectly warm comforter is filled with luxorious synthetic down, that emulates the finest 600-fill power European White Goose Down. Get the comfort of down without the allergens. 300 thread count luxurious 100% cotton elegant woven cover. Baffle Box Construction. Hypo Allergenic. Machine Washable for easy care. 10 Year Warranty.
Materials: 100% Cotton cover, luxurious synthetic down fill.
Twin Dimensions: 66"L x 88"W x 2"H; Weight: 47 oz
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Beyond Down® Synthetic Down Comforter
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Beautifully hand painted shagun Thali with a design of embossed ivy all over the thali and a gilt of 22 carat gold leaf work with a Swastika design in the centre with white kundans studded to give it a touch richness.Thali comes with 1 small Diya , 1 round Roli , Chawal container for Tilak .. Size -6 x 6 inches. Brand : Aapno Rajasthan.
5 to 6 working days
Free shipping


text:
Kristi Edwards
Former MAP Student and Staff Member, Kristi Edwards Explains the Ease of Setting Up a Planned Gift.
Prescott College Affiliation : Supporter
Program : MAP
"Planned Giving Does Not Require Great Wealth Nor Does It Need To Be Complicated"
My husband Dale and I established a charitable gift annuity and named two of our favorite organizations as charitable beneficiaries. A CGA is a versatile charitable instrument, which can provide income during life and help build Prescott College's endowment upon death.
A gift annuity creates a fixed, permanent stream of income for the donor and a beneficiary based on a standard rate agreed to at the beginning of the contract. The standard rate is based on the age of the income recipients and is generally derived from a table published by the American Council of Gift Annuities.
Tax benefits generated by the gift annuity may include an income tax deduction, avoidance of capital gain tax on the sale of an appreciated asset, and reduction of estate taxes. Income from the gift annuity is taxable, but a portion of the income may be income tax free (varies by asset).
The gift annuity is not a trust, but a contract between the donor and the nonprofit organization. At the death of the income recipients, the amount remaining from the gift annuity will be used to strengthen the nonprofits programs or endowment.
It was easy for us to establish, requiring a gift of only $25,000, and is administered through Prescott College's partner organization the Arizona Community Foundation. It was the perfect philanthropic vehicle to meet our philanthropic goals, allowing us to continue providing support to two of our favorite charitable organizations beyond our lifetimes.
"It is easy to establish."
Lee Cohen
Lee Cohen has helped many people experience the joy of self-expression through art, from children living in Costa Rican garbage dumps to ... Learn more >
Wanda Peters 1980
Do what you are passionate about, take the time to figure out what gives you the most joy and satisfaction, and do work that is in line with what ... Learn more >
Angelica Brady
From the moment Angelica completed her Wilderness Orientation in Fall 2011 she knew something had to be changed about the way Orientation was ... Learn more >
Jordan Kivitz
Jordan works with Center for Inspired Teaching in Washington D.C. Their mission is to revolutionize education through innovative teacher ... Learn more >
Erika DeLeo
As a Junior at Prescott College, Erika DeLeo created a video that led her to an internship at MTV in New York. ... Learn more >


text:
Open Access This content is freely available online to anyone, anywhere at any time.
Journal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury
ISSN: 1749-7221 (Online)
- 9 Volumes
- 9 Issues
- 133 Articles
- 133 Open Access
- 2006 - 2014 Available between
Browse all Content Browse Volumes & Issues View Open Access Articles
Latest Articles
Update on nerve repair by biological tubulization
Stefano Geuna, Pierluigi Tos, Paolo Titolo… (March 2014)
Case report
Report of an unusual combination of arterial, venous and neural variations in a cadaveric upper limb
Theodore G Troupis, Adamantios Michalinos… (February 2014)
Research article
In lumbosacral plexus injuries can we identify indicators that predict spontaneous recovery or the need for surgical treatment? Results from a clinical study on 72 patients
Debora Garozzo, Gianluca Zollino… (January 2014)
- Journal Title
- Journal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury
- Open Access
- Available under Open Access This content is freely available online to anyone, anywhere at any time.
- Coverage
- Volume 1 / 2006 - Volume 9 / 2014
- Online ISSN
- 1749-7221
- Publisher
- BioMed Central
- Additional Links
- Topics
Continue reading...
To view the rest of this content please follow the download PDF link above.


text:
Riccar Hoses
Is your vacuum cleaner always breaking down?
It's important to regularly check, clean and even replace the vacuum rods and hoses so there are no air restrictions that bring down the suction and also overheat the motor. There are a wide range of variations like a total clean attachment vacuum hose to variable speed control vacuum hoses for canister vacuum cleaners. Leading brands such as Riccar, Hoover, Miele etc manufacture a range of vacuum cleaner hoses and you can choose one according to the model number you own.
At GoVacuum.com, we believe that it's a good idea to restore your vacuum cleaning system rather than replace it, especially if the reason is a faulty hose. Since vacuum hoses are made for specific makes and models, we recommend you find a new hose that is the exact size and fit for your vacuum cleaner. Replacement vacuum hoses also offer additional features or length beyond the capabilities of the standard hose. For instance with a generic Electrolux hose, you can use the on/off switch to control suction without turning the entire vacuum off. Its compatibility with a stunning number of makes and models makes the Sanitaire Canister Extension Vacuum Hose an ideal replacement hose for your Sanitaire cleaning system. Similarly, there are a number of vacuum hoses which deliver high quality suction performance and help you reach tough-to-reach spots.
The flexible plastic hose in your vacuum cleaning system is most likely part of the system to break or experience damage due to extensive usage. If you are looking for vacuum cleaner replacement hoses, you have come to the right place. When it comes to the choice of vacuum cleaner replacement parts and accessories, there are a number of points to bear in mind including the model and make of your cleaning system. At GoVacuum, we provide you Product Diagrams for all the popular brands which will be helpful in understanding the parts and the way they function. You can choose vacuum replacement hoses for leading vacuum cleaner brands.
Bissell Pet Hair Eraser, Velocity, PowrTrak, Momentum Series Twish 'N Snap 14 Foot Suction Hose,$17.60This is the main suction hose for the Bissell Pet Hair Eraser, Velocity, PowrTrak, Momentum Series upright vacuum cleaners. 203-2304 Learn More
Bissell Hose CleanView Models, Bissell Hose Part Number 203-2012$24.99Replacement Hose Only for PowerTrak and CleanView Models only. It is important that you double check the model number of your vacuum BEFORE purchasing this replacement part. Your model number can be found either on the back of the vacuum, or the bottom Learn More
Bissell Butler Revolution 2032018 HOSE$18.72Bissell Butler Revolution.Hose Manufacturer's Part Number: 2032018.Fits Bissell models including but not limited to:6700- Series Learn More
Bissell 2031097, 3522 ,Hose$17.62Bissell Hose Assembly PART NUMBER 2031097 FOR MODEL NUMBER # 3522 Genuine Learn More
Ladybug Steam Cleaner Replacement Hose for LadyBug & Ladybug XL$109.95This is a genuine replacement hose for the Ladybug and Ladybug XL Steamers. Learn More
Bissell SpotBot Replacement Suction & Attachment Hose, Part 203-6665.$16.62Replacement Suction and solution hose assembly, includes all components of the hose, including the trigger, and handle part # 203-6665 - How to Video! Learn More
Bissell Model 6801 Upright Vacuum Cleaner Hose$27.55Works with: Bissell 6801, Bissell Lift-Off, Bissell Lift-Off Revolution, Bissell 3554, Bissell 3750, Bissell 3760, Bissell 4220, Bissell 6595, Bissell 6801, Bissell 6850, Bissell 6850, Bissell 6860, Bissell 89Q9, Bissell 18Z6, Bissell Twist And Snap Hose After Serial Number 04160 Learn More
Bissell LATCH HOSE SECURE 8920$8.47BISSELL LATCH HOSE SECURE 8920 Learn More
Bissell HOSE ASSEMBLY$12.99BISSELL HOSE ASSEMBLY Learn More
Bissell HANGER HOSE 3750$13.95BISSELL HANGER HOSE 3750 Learn More
Bissell Upright Vacuum Cleaner Hose Fits: Model 3591 Upright Vacuum Cleaner Stretch Hose$29.75Works With: Bissell Cleanview 3591 Bissell 3593-1 Bissell 3593-Z Bissell 6590 Description:Genuine Bissell Part Learn More
Bissell Model 3545-2, 6592 Upright Vacuum Cleaner Hose Upright Vacuum Cleaner Hose$24.62Works With: Bissell 3545-2 Bissell 6592 Description:Genuine Bissell Part Learn More
Bissell Vacuum Attachment Hose Assembly Part # 2031359 +$22.79This is the attachment hose for the Bissell Healthy Home, and Heavy Duty bagless upright vacuums. The hose simply snaps out of the vacuum of the vacuum cleaner to be replaced. Fits Bissell Healthy Home, and Heavy Duty models; 5770, 5770-5, 5770-8, 5770-P, 5990, 6100, 6405, 50C9, and more. Learn More
Bissell Steamer Hose Secure Latch Steamer Hose Secure Latch$10.71Works With: Bissell 9200-2 Bissell 2036689 Bissell B-203-6689 Description:Bissell Steamer Model 9200-2 Hose Secure Latch Bissell Steamer Model 9200-2 Hose Clip Hose Secure Latch 2036689 B-203-6689 Learn More
Bissell Model 3574, 3575, 6594, 6579-2, 6579-3 Upright Vacuum Cleaner Hose Upright Vacuum Cleaner Stretch Hose$38.89Works With: Bissell Cleanview 2 Bissell Powerforce Bissell 3574 Bissell 3575 Bissell 3595-1 Bissell 3595-H Bissell 3596-1 Bissell 6594 Bissell 6596 Bissell 6579-2 Bissell 6579-3 Description:Genuine Bissell Part Learn More
Bissell Vacuum Hose 2032012$28.59Bissell Vacuum Hose 2032012 Learn More
Bissell 203-1359 Vacuum Hose$26.35Bissell 203-1359 Vacuum Hose Learn More
Bissell Cleanview 2, Powerforce Bagless Twist 'N Snap Hose & Wand Assembly, Bissell Part 2031216$16.93Bissell Cleanview 2, Powerforce Bagless Twist 'N Snap Hose & Wand Assembly, Bissell Part 2031216 Learn More
Bissell Lift Off Bagless Upright 2 Screw Coupling Attachment Hose$27.39Bissell Lift Off Bagless Upright 2 Screw Coupling Attachment Hose Learn More
Results 1 - 19 of 19


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| | Other topics
News articles on carbon dioxide
Mongabay.com news articles on carbon dioxide in blog format. Updated regularly.
$4.5 Billion Spent On Voluntary Carbon Offsets Over Past Decade: Report
(06/16/2015) Nearly one billion carbon offset credits were voluntarily purchased over the past decade, which netted conservation and clean energy projects almost $4.5 billion, according to a recent report by the Washington D.C.-based conservation group Forest Trends.
CO2 levels hit monthly average not seen for 2 million years
(05/07/2015) For the first time in human history, carbon dioxide concentrations averaged out at 400 parts per million (ppm) worldwide in March, according to NOAA. Carbon dioxide concentrations have likely not hit such levels in two million years—long before Homo sapiens evolved.
Carbon emissions flatlined last year
(03/19/2015) Global carbon emission plateaued last year, according to International Energy Agency, even as the world's economy grew three percent. This is the first time carbon emissions have stalled in the absence of an economic collapse. The news provides tentative hope that the world may finally tackling climate change ahead of much-anticipated climate talks in Paris.
New study argues the Anthropocene began in 1610
(03/11/2015) In 1610, William Shakespeare began penning one of his greatest plays, The Tempest, which some critics view as a commentary on European colonization of far-away islands and continents. Along those lines, a study today in Nature argues that 1610 is the first year of the human-dominated epoch, known as the Anthropocene, due to the upheavals caused by the 'discovery' of the New World.
U.S. Central Plains and Southwest will likely face apocalyptic drought
(02/12/2015) In the recent film Interstellar, a mysterious phenomenon known as "the blight" is wiping out agriculture around the world until only corn—for some reason—survives. Humanity is on the brink of starvation. While the blight may be science fiction, global warming is not, and a new study finds that future warming could decimate the western U.S. over the next century.
The Amazon's oil boom: concessions cover a Chile-sized bloc of rainforest
(02/04/2015) Hungry for oil revenue, governments and fossil fuel companies are moving even further into one of the world's last great wildernesses, according to a new study in the journal Environmental Research Letters. The total area set aside for oil and gas in the Western Amazon has grown by 150,000 square kilometers since 2008, now totaling more than 730,000 square kilometers—an area the size of Chile.
Rising meat consumption pushes farming past deforestation as global warming driver
(01/18/2015) Agriculture has surpasses deforestation and land use change as a driver of greenhouse gas emissions, argues a paper published in Global Change Biology.
Video: global carbon dispersal looks like an impressionistic painting in motion
(01/12/2015) A new video showing the global movements of carbon dioxide during one year may look beautiful, but such impressions are misleading. The video, produced by NASA, shows just how much humans are impacting the world's atmosphere, leading to rising temperatures, ocean acidification, melting glaciers, vanishing sea ice, and untold impacts on both wildlife and human communities.
Growth of forests may not be keeping pace with rising CO2 levels
(12/15/2014) Plants rely on three critical elements for growth: carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight. Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations are therefore expected to increase rates of forest growth, in turn helping counter some of humanity's influence on global climate. But a new study provides evidence that challenges that assumption.
Rising deforestation, fossil fuels use drive Brazil's emissions 8% higher
(11/24/2014) Brazil's carbon emissions jumped 7.8 percent in 2013 due to rising deforestation and fossil fuels use, according to data released by Observatório do Clima (Climate Observatory), an alliance of mostly Brazilian non-profits.
Ending deforestation won't stop carbon emissions from land use change
(11/17/2014) Even if the world stopped cutting down forests, carbon dioxide emissions from land use change would still pose a major challenge, according to a new paper in Nature Climate Change. The research finds that eliminating deforestation would mean agriculture would be pushed into non-forest ecosystems and still release significant quantities of carbon dioxide.
Prelude to Paris: China and U.S. surprise world with joint climate deal
(11/12/2014) In what will likely have major ramifications for a new climate agreement in Paris in 2015, China and the U.S. surprised everyone today by announcing a joint climate deal. At a press conference in Beijing, China President, Xi Jingping, and U.S. President, Barack Obama, outlined climate actions for both juggernauts up to 2030.
Can we stop runaway global warming? 'All we need is the will to change'
(11/03/2014) Twenty-six years after the founding of the IPCC, the Nobel Prize-winning group of scientists has released a new synthesis report that warns in its strongest tones yet that climate change must be dealt with. None of the findings are surprising—they have been released in earlier assessments throughout the year—but the terms in which they are written are the starkest yet.
Forest fragmentation's carbon bomb: 736 million tonnes C02 annually
(10/09/2014) Scientists have long known that forest fragments are not the same ecologically as intact forest landscapes. When forests are slashed into fragments, winds dry out the edges leading to dying trees and rising temperatures. Biodiversity often drops, while local extinctions rise and big animals vanish. Now, a new study finds another worrisome impact of forest fragmentation: carbon emissions.
Chinese now emit more carbon per capita than Europeans
(09/22/2014) Last year, the people of China emitted more carbon per person than those in the EU, according this year's Global Carbon Budget. The report, updated annually, also found that global emissions jumped 2.5 percent last year and are set to hit a record high of 40 billion tonnes this year. The findings highlight how little global society has done to stem emissions, despite numerous pledges and past global agreements.
'We are running out of time': CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere surprise scientists
(09/10/2014) The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere made the biggest jump last year since 1984, according to the World Meteorological Organization's (WMO) Greenhouse Gas Bulletin, raising alarm bells about society's inaction on curbing global warming.
More trouble with tar sands: oil extraction leading to big forest loss in Alberta
(08/29/2014) Tar sands operations have been the subject of much controversy over the past few years as expected economic gains for Canada the may come at the cost of environmental damage from the proposed Keystone XL pipeline and increased greenhouse gas emissions. Now another negative impact has come to light - deforestation of the boreal forest overlying the oil deposits.
How do we save the world's vanishing old-growth forests?
(08/26/2014) There's nothing in the world like a primary forest, which has never been industrially logged or cleared by humans. They are often described as cathedral-like, due to pillar-like trees and carpet-like undergrowth. Yet, the world's primary forests—also known as old-growth forests—are falling every year, and policy-makers are not doing enough to stop it.
Biomass burning accounts for 18% of CO2 emissions, kills a quarter of a million people annually
(08/05/2014) Biomass burning takes many forms: wildfires, slash-and-burn agriculture, clearing forests and other vegetation, and even industrialized burning for energy production. Yet this burning—mostly manmade but also natural—takes a massive toll both on human health and the environment.
NASA successfully launches carbon-sensing satellite
(07/02/2014) On Wednesday NASA successfully launched the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2), a satellite that will track carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
EPA carbon proposal may be crucial step in addressing global climate change
(06/10/2014) The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) June 2nd regulation proposal hit all the expected chords. Following on the heels of a January regulation for new power plants, the Clean Power Plan focuses on all existing electric generation. By 2030, the plan aims to reduce 2005-level carbon dioxide emissions by 30 percent.
Turning point? U.S. and China announce major actions on global warming
(06/03/2014) Could 2014 be a turning point for efforts to slash global greenhouse gas emissions? Maybe: in less than 24 hours the world's two largest emitters of carbon dioxide announced plans to finally rein-in the gas most responsible for global warming.
The beef with beef: how 12 strategies could drastically cut agricultural emissions
(04/25/2014) Eating less beef, cutting food waste, and utilizing farm landscapes to sequester carbon are three ways a new report suggests the world could rapidly tackle agricultural emissions. Currently, global agriculture accounts for nearly a fifth of the world's greenhouse gas emissions when agriculturally-linked deforestation is included.
Climate change solution? UN touts ambitious (but cheap) investment in renewable energy
(04/14/2014) The world is warming rapidly due to greenhouse gas emissions, threatening everything from our food supply to our ecosystems, but the solution may be surprisingly cheap, according to the third and final report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The report recommends a rapid and aggressive switch from fossil fuel-based energy to renewables.
The fungus among us: scientists discover a big player in the global carbon cycle
(03/12/2014) Carbon counters trying to keep tabs on the rising concentration of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere may have missed an important factor for their estimates: fungus. It turns out that when plants partner up with certain types of fungi, they can store up to 70 percent more carbon in the soil according to a paper published last month in Nature by Colin Averill and scientists at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute.
Palm oil's climate impact worse than thought due to methane emissions
(02/27/2014) Methane leaks from palm oil wastewater significantly increases the climate impact of palm oil production beyond emissions from land clearance, fire, and peatlands drainage, reports a new study published in Nature Climate Change. The research, led by Philip. G. Taylor of the University of Colorado, finds that annual methane emissions from palm oil wastewater effluent amount to the equivalent of 115 million tons carbon dioxide in Malaysia and Indonesia alone, or roughly 15 percent of total emissions from peat oxidation and land use change in the two countries.
Carbon emissions rise 2 percent in U.S. due to increase in coal
(01/14/2014) Carbon dioxide emissions rose two percent in the U.S. last year, according to preliminary data from the Energy Information Administration. Emissions rose largely due to increased coal consumption, the first such rise in U.S. emissions since 2010. Still, the annual emissions remain well below the peak hit in 2007 when emissions hit 6 billion tons.
Chickens before cows: new study finds cattle have outsized greenhouse gas footprint
(12/19/2013) If you want to lower your greenhouse gas emissions, choose chicken or poultry over beef and dairy, according to a massive new study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). The study finds that global cattle production—both for beef and dairy—is responsible for a whopping 77 percent of the world's greenhouse gases attributed to livestock. Meanwhile, pork and poultry account for only 10 percent the greenhouse gases from livestock.
Top 10 HAPPY environmental stories of 2013
(12/19/2013) China begins to tackle pollution, carbon emissions: As China's environmental crisis worsens, the government has begun to unveil a series of new initiatives to curb record pollution and cut greenhouse emissions. The world's largest consumer of coal, China's growth in emissions is finally slowing and some experts believe the nation's emissions could peak within the decade. If China's emissions begin to fall, so too could the world's.
Top 10 Environmental Stories of 2013
(12/10/2013) 1. Carbon concentrations hit 400ppm while the IPCC sets global carbon budget: For the first time since our appearance on Earth, carbon concentrations in the atmosphere hit 400 parts per million. The last time concentrations were this high for a sustained period was 4-5 million years ago when temperatures were 10 degrees Celsius higher. Meanwhile, in the slow-moving effort to curb carbon emissions, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) crafted a global carbon budget showing that most of the world's fossil fuel reserves must be left untouched if we are to avoid catastrophic climate change.
Top scientists propose ambitious plans to safeguard world from devastating climate change
(12/05/2013) Two degrees is too much: that's the conclusion of a landmark new paper by top economists and climatologists, including James Hansen formerly of NASA. The paper, appearing in the open-access journal PLoS ONE, argues that global society must aim for only one degree Celsius of warming above pre-industrial levels to avoid the worst impact of climate change, and not the two degrees Celsius agreed on by the world's governments. But given that the world's governments are not yet on track to even achieve the two degree target, how could we lock in just one? A combination of renewable energy, nuclear power, and, most importantly, a rising price on carbon emissions, according to the eighteen scientists.
Humans are not apex predators, but meat-eating on the rise worldwide
(12/05/2013) A new paper in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences has measured the "trophic level" of human beings for the first time. Falling between 1 and 5.5, trophic levels refer to where species fit on the food chain. Apex predators like tigers and sharks are given a 5.5 on trophic scale since they survive almost entirely on consuming meat, while plants and phytoplankton, which make their own food, are at the bottom of the scale. Humans, according to the new paper, currently fall in the middle: 2.21. However, rising meat-eating in countries like China, India, and Brazil is pushing our trophic level higher with massive environmental impacts.
Mining the Heart of Borneo: coal production in Indonesia
(11/20/2013) Indonesia is the world's top exporter of coal – supplying energy to China, India, and elsewhere. Indonesia is also ranked the fourth top emitter of greenhouse gases in the world (after China, the USA, and the European Union), largely due to high deforestation rates and peatland fires. This ranking does not take into consideration the carbon emissions that Indonesia 'exports' in the form of coal.
UN talks tough to global coal industry
(11/19/2013) Yesterday, at the International Coal and Climate Summit—just a couple miles from the ongoing UN Climate Summit—Christiana Figueres delivered a speech unlike anything ever heard at a coal industry meeting before. Figueres, the Executive Director of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), took time off from wrangling world leaders and officials toward a climate agreement to talk tough to an industry currently worth around $3 trillion.
Carbon emissions set to hit new record high in 2013
(11/19/2013) The amount of carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere in 2013 is expected to hit a new high of 36 billion tonnes, according to a Carbon Budget released today by the Global Carbon Project (GCP). This is a 2.1 percent rise from 2012 based on data from the same group. 'We have exhausted about 70 per cent of the cumulative emissions that keep global climate change likely below two degrees,' said GCP member, Pierre Friedlingstein, with the University of Exeter. 'In terms of CO2 emissions, we are following the highest climate change scenario of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change released in September.'
60,000 protest in Australia to keep carbon price
(11/18/2013) Around 60,000 Australians marched yesterday across the country calling on their government not to go backwards on climate action, according to organizers. Australia has taken a sudden U-turn on climate policy with the election of Prime Minister Tony Abbott in September, including legislation to end its carbon pricing, cutting funding to renewable energies, and obstructing progress at the ongoing UN Climate Summit in Warsaw.
Japan pledges to raise carbon emissions, instead of cutting them
(11/18/2013) In 2009, Japan pledged to cut its carbon emissions by 25 percent based on 1990 levels within 11 years. Four years later—including a nuclear meltdown at Fukushima—and Japan has reset its goal with a new target to cut emissions by 3.8 percent based on 2005 levels at the UN Climate Summit in Warsaw, Poland. But, the new target, which received widespread condemnation when announced on Friday, actually results in a 3.1 percent rise in emissions when viewed from the widely-accepted 1990 baseline.
World's most vulnerable nation to climate change turns to coal power
(11/18/2013) In October, a global risks analysis company, Maplecroft, named Bangladesh the world's most vulnerable nation to climate change by 2050. The designation came as little surprise, since Bangladesh's government and experts have been warning for years of climatic impacts, including rising sea levels, extreme weather, and millions of refugees. However, despite these very public warnings, in recent years the same government has made a sudden turn toward coal power—the most carbon intensive fuel source—with a master plan of installing 15,000 megawatts (MW) of coal energy by 2030, which could potentially increase the country's current carbon dioxide emissions by 160 percent.
Coal's future carbon costs may make it more expensive than wind energy
(11/15/2013) At first glance, a recent report from the U.S. White House on the social cost of carbon reads like a daunting economics exam. A small chart poses the first question about the price tag policymakers attach to future greenhouse gas emissions: Does each metric ton of carbon that billows into the air cost $11, $33 or $52? The answer is all of the above.
Is Australia becoming the new Canada in terms of climate inaction?
(11/14/2013) For many concerned about climate change, Australia has suddenly become the new Canada. With the election of Tony Abbott as Prime Minister in September, the land down under has taken a sudden U-turn on climate policy, including pushing to end its fledgling carbon emissions program which was only implemented in 2012 and cutting funding for renewable energy. These move come at a time when Australia has just undergone its warmest 12 months on record and suffered from record bushfires.
CO2 concentrations hit new high last year
(11/06/2013) The concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere hit a record high last year, according to a new report by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). While this was not a surprise given still-rising global emissions, the concentration rose significantly more than the average this decade. According to the WMO's annual greenhouse gas bulletin, CO2 concentrations hit 393.1 parts per million (ppm) in 2012.
'Remarkable year': could 2012 mark the beginning of a carbon emissions slowdown?
(10/31/2013) Global carbon dioxide emissions hit another new record of 34.5 billion tons last year, according to a new report by the Netherlands Environment Assessment Agency and the European Commission's Joint Research Centre, but there may be a silver lining. Dubbing 2012 a "remarkable year," the report found that the rate of carbon emission's rise slowed considerably even as economic growth continued upward.
Clock is ticking on fossil fuels: for first time IPCC scientists outline global carbon budget
(10/01/2013) The world's leading climate scientists have set out in detail for the first time how much more carbon dioxide humans can pour into the atmosphere without triggering dangerous levels of climate change—and concluded that more than half of that global allowance has been used up.
Featured video: temperature rises across North America by 2100
(08/19/2013) A new short video predicts temperature changes across North America depending on the future of greenhouse gas emissions. Produced by NASA, the first series shows average temperatures changes (relative to 1970-1999) based on carbon dioxide levels hitting 550 parts per million (ppm) in the atmosphere by 2100. The second, even more dramatic series, shows changes if levels hit 800 ppm by the end of the century. Earlier this year, carbon dioxide levels hit 400 ppm for the first time in around 5 million years, which is longer than humans have been around.
Forests may be using less water as CO2 rises
(07/11/2013) Forests may be becoming more efficient in their use of water as atmospheric carbon dioxide levels rise, reports a new study in Nature.
Rising temperatures are triggering rainforest trees to produce more flowers
(07/09/2013) Slight rises in temperatures are triggering rainforest trees to produce more flowers, reports a new study published in the journal Nature Climate Change.
Conserving top predators results in less CO2 in the air
(06/19/2013) What does a wolf in Yellowstone National Park have in common with an ambush spider on a meadow in Connecticut? Both are predators and thus eat herbivores, such as elk (in the case of wolves) and grasshoppers (in the case of spiders). Elk and grasshoppers also have more in common than you probably imagine: they both consume large quantities of plant matter. While scientists have long-known that predators lead to carbon storage by reducing herbivore populations, a new study reveals a novel way in which top predators cause an ecosystem to store more carbon.
CO2 emissions hit record in 2012
(06/10/2013) Carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels use hit a record in 2012, according to a new report from the International Energy Agency (IEA).
China to begin cutting carbon emissions one city at a time
(05/23/2013) China has unveiled details of its first pilot carbon-trading program, which will begin next month in the southern city of Shenzhen. The trading scheme will cover 638 companies responsible for 38% of the city's total emissions, the Shenzhen branch of the powerful National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) announced on Wednesday. The scheme will eventually expand to include transportation, manufacturing and construction companies.
Mystery of Amazon River carbon emissions solved
(05/21/2013) Bacteria living in the Amazon River digest nearly all wood plant matter that enters the river before it reaches the Atlantic Ocean, triggering the release of carbon locked up in the vegetation instead of sequestering it in the deep ocean, finds a new study published in Nature Geoscience. The research explains the mechanism by which the world's largest river 'exhales' large amounts of CO2.
A new world?: carbon dioxide concentrations in atmosphere hit 400 ppm
(05/11/2013) For the first time since homo sapiens evolved, concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have struck 400 parts per million (ppm) due to burning fossil fuels. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) reports that readings of carbon dioxide at Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii hit the symbolic number on Thursday and are expected to continue rising in coming years. The last time concentrations were this high for a sustained period was 4-5 million years ago when sea levels were 5-40 meters higher than today and the poles were 10 degrees Celsius hotter. During this epoch, forests grew along the shores of the Arctic Ocean and coral reefs were almost wholly absent.
Debate heats up over California's plan to reduce emissions via rainforest protection
(05/07/2013) As the public comment period for California's cap-and-trade program draws to a close, an alliance of environmental activists have stepped up a heated campaign to keep carbon credits generated by forest conservation initiatives in tropical countries out of the scheme. These groups say that offsets generated under the so-called Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+) mechanism, will undermine efforts to cut emissions as home, while potentially leading to abuses abroad. However supporters of forest conservation-based credits say the program may offer the best hope for saving the world's beleaguered rainforests, which continue to fall at a rate of more than 8 million hectares per year.
What if companies actually had to compensate society for environmental destruction?
(04/29/2013) The environment is a public good. We all share and depend on clean water, a stable atmosphere, and abundant biodiversity for survival, not to mention health and societal well-being. But under our current global economy, industries can often destroy and pollute the environment—degrading public health and communities—without paying adequate compensation to the public good. Economists call this process "externalizing costs," i.e. the cost of environmental degradation in many cases is borne by society, instead of the companies that cause it. A new report from TEEB (The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity), conducted by Trucost, highlights the scale of the problem: unpriced natural capital (i.e. that which is not taken into account by the global market) was worth $7.3 trillion in 2009, equal to 13 percent of that year's global economic output.
'Carbon bubble' could cause next global financial crisis
(04/22/2013) The world could be heading for a major economic crisis as stock markets inflate an investment bubble in fossil fuels to the tune of trillions of dollars, according to leading economists. "The financial crisis has shown what happens when risks accumulate unnoticed," said Lord (Nicholas) Stern, a professor at the London School of Economics. He said the risk was "very big indeed" and that almost all investors and regulators were failing to address it.
Carbon Management in the Built Environment - book review
(04/02/2013) Carbon Management in the Built Environment, written by Rohinton Emmanuel and Keith Baker, is the complete introductory textbook covering low carbon management for the built environment. Carbon Management in the Built Environment integrates climate change science, design, materials science, and policy into a classroom friendly text.
Scientists a step closer toward creating biofuels directly from atmospheric CO2
(03/29/2013) Researchers have taken a step closer to using atmospheric carbon dioxide as a biofuel, potentially helping mitigate climate change while at the same time meeting rising energy demand, according to a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Eruption yields bad news for iron fertilization-based geoengineering schemes
(03/22/2013) Geoengineering schemes that aim to slow global warming by seeding oceans with iron to boost carbon dioxide-absorbing phytoplankton may not lead to long-term sequestration of the important greenhouse gas, finds a new study published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters.
Burning coal may be killing over 100,000 people in India every year
(03/13/2013) India's dependence on coal-fired power plants for energy may be leading directly to the deaths of 80,000 to 115,000 of its citizens every year, according to the first ever report on the health impacts of coal in the country. The report, commissioned by the Conservation Action Trust and Greenpeace-India, deals only with the direct health impact of coal and not climate change. But even ignoring the rising pain of global warming, the bleak report outlines that coal consumption in India is causing over 20 million asthma attacks, nearly a million emergency room visits, and killing some 10,000 children under five annually.
China delays carbon tax
(03/07/2013) China will not introduce a carbon tax in 2013, reports Bloomberg.
Near-record jump in carbon concentrations in global atmosphere last year
(03/06/2013) Carbon dioxide now makes up around 395 parts per million in the atmosphere, according to new data from the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Measuring atmospheric carbon in Mauna Loa, Hawaii, the NOAA notes that last year saw a jump of 2.67 parts per million, second only to a record jump in carbon concentrations in 1998—2.93 parts per million. The news further dampens hopes that nations will stick to their goal of keeping global temperatures from rising more than 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above pre-industrial levels.
Good news about climate change? Evolving technology could make cleaning the air more profitable than fouling it
(02/26/2013) In the wake of the hottest and driest summer in memory throughout much of North America, and Super-storm Sandy that flooded cities and ravaged large swaths of the Mid-Atlantic coast, many now recognize that the climate change isn't just real, but that it is already at our doorstep. As this realization continues to sink in, the political will may ripen to take more aggressive action to put a brake CO2 emissions. Already, President Obama, who had remained mostly silent on the issue during his reelection campaign, has made it clear that tackling climate change will be among his top second-term priorities. But the fact remains that even if the entire world switched magically to 100 percent solar and other non-polluting power sources tomorrow, it's too late to roll back some of the impacts of climate change.
Rise in 1.5 degrees Celsius likely to spark massive greenhouse gas release from permafrost
(02/25/2013) While nations around the world have committed to keeping temperatures from rising 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above the pre-industrial era, new research published in Science suggests that the global climate could hit a tipping point at just 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.5 degrees Fahrenheit). Studying cave stalactites and stalagmites in Siberia, scientists found that at about 1.5 degrees Celsius the Siberian permafrost melts, potentially releasing a greenhouse gas bomb of 1,000 giga-tonnes, according to some experts.
Deforestation, wetlands loss in Brazil and Indonesia generated 45b tons of CO2 in 20 years
(02/22/2013) The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has launched a global set of statistics on carbon emissions from deforestation, agriculture and other forms of land use for the 1990-2010 period.
China to tax carbon emissions
(02/20/2013) China will introduce a carbon tax, reports official state media.
Over 35,000 march on Washington demanding climate action and rejection of Canada's 'carbon bomb'
(02/18/2013) Yesterday over 35,000 people rallied in Washington D.C. for urgent action on climate change, which, according to organizers, was the largest climate march in U.S. history. Activists called on the Obama Administration to do much more to tackle climate change, including rejecting the Keystone XL Pipeline, which would bring carbon-heavy tar sands oil from Canada through the U.S. to a world market.
Obama connects climate science and policy in State of the Union
(02/13/2013) After several years of silence on climate change, U.S. President Barack Obama has begun speaking out following his re-election last November. The President surprised many by giving climate change a central role in his inauguration speech last month, and he followed-up in his State of the Union speech last night when he called on congress to "pursue a bipartisan, market-based solution to climate change," but added that the administration would take action itself if congress failed.
Palm oil, paper, biofuels production on peatlands drive large GHG emissions
(01/31/2013) Degradation of peat swamps for oil palm and timber plantations is a substantially larger source of greenhouse gas emissions than previously believed, finds a new study published in the journal Nature.
Soot is second biggest man-made contributor to global warming
(01/15/2013) Soot is the second largest man-made contributor to global warming, according to a comprehensive new study published in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres.
Paradigm shift needed to avert global environmental collapse, according to author of new book The Blueprint: Averting Global Collapse
(01/10/2013) Global strategist, trained educator, and international lecturer Daniel Rirdan set out to create a plan addressing the future of our planet. His book The Blueprint: Averting Global Collapse, published this year, does just that. "It has been a sixty hour a week routine," Rirdan told mongabay.com in a recent interview. "Basically, I would wake up with the burden of the world on my shoulders and go to sleep with it. It went on like this for eighteen months." It becomes apparent when reading The Blueprint that it was indeed a monumental undertaking.
Fires burn over a third more land than estimated
(01/02/2013) Scientists currently detect fires around the world using moderate resolution satellite imagery, however a new study in the Journal of Geophysical Research finds that this tool misses many of the world's smaller fires, which add up.
Climate Summit in Doha characterized by lack of ambition
(12/09/2012) Ahead of the 18th United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in Doha, Qatar a variety of reports warned that the world was running out of time to avoid dangerous climate change, and that there was a widening gap between what nations have pledged to do and what the science demanded. A landmark report by the World Bank painted an almost apocalyptic picture of a world in which global temperatures have risen 4 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, including unprecedented heatwaves and droughts, rising sea levels, global agriculture crises, and a stunning loss of species. In addition, scientific studies released near the two week conference found that sea levels were rising 60 percent faster than predicted, forests around the world were imperiled by increasing drought, marine snails were dissolving in the Southern Ocean due to ocean acidification, and ice melt in Greenland and Antarctica was on the rise.
With deforestation falling, energy sector to become Brazil's biggest CO2 source
(12/03/2012) With its annual rate of deforestation falling more than 80 percent since 2004, energy is set to soon become Brazil's largest source of greenhouse gas emissions, reports a new study seen by Reuters.
'No-one is listening to the entire scientific community': global carbon emissions set to hit new high
(12/03/2012) Global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from industrial sources are set to hit a new record high this year according to a new analysis by Global Carbon Project. The analysis in Nature Climate Changes predicts that CO2 emissions will rise another 2.6 percent, hitting 35.6 billion tonnes. The scientists warn that such steep climbs in global emissions year-after-year means that the door is rapidly closing on a global agreement to keep temperatures from rising 2 degree Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above pre-industrial levels.
Organic farming keeps carbon out of the atmosphere
(11/28/2012) With the worst effects of climate change, we are seeing how pollution hurts both human health and the environment but there is good news: a new study shows that organic farming stores more greenhouse gases in the soil than non-organic farming. By switching to organic methods, many farmers across the globe may be helping to solve the climate crisis at the same time as they improve soil quality and avoid the use of pesticides.
Unique program to leave oil beneath Amazonian paradise raises $300 million
(11/26/2012) The Yasuni-ITT Initiative has been called many things: controversial, ecological blackmail, revolutionary, pioneering, and the best chance to keep oil companies out of Ecuador's Yasuni National Park. But now, after a number of ups and downs, the program is beginning to make good: the Yasuni-ITT Initiative has raised $300 million, according to the Guardian, or 8 percent of the total amount needed to fully fund the idea.
Hotter and hotter: concentrations of greenhouse gases hit another new record
(11/20/2012) As expected, greenhouse gas concentrations in the Earth's atmosphere hit another record last year, according to a new UN World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases means that radiative forcing—changes in the atmosphere's energy balance that leads to warming—has jumped 30 percent in the last twenty years.
Threatened Galapagos coral may predict the future of reefs worldwide
(11/07/2012) The Galapagos Islands have been famous for a century and a half, but even Charles Darwin thought the archipelago's list of living wonders didn't include coral reefs. It took until the 1970s before scientists realized the islands did in fact have coral, but in 1983, the year the first major report on Galapagos reef formation was published, they were almost obliterated by El Niño. This summer, a major coral survey found that some of the islands' coral communities are showing promising signs of recovery. Their struggle to survive may tell us what is in store for the rest of the world, where almost three-quarters of corals are predicted to suffer long-term damage by 2030.
Will we need to pull carbon out of the atmosphere to save ourselves?
(10/17/2012) This year saw the Arctic sea ice extent fall to a new and shocking low, while the U.S. experienced it warmest month ever on record (July), beating even Dust Bowl temperatures. Meanwhile, a flood of new research has convincingly connected a rise in extreme weather events, especially droughts and heatwaves, to global climate change, and a recent report by the DARA Group and Climate Vulnerability Forum finds that climate change contributes to around 400,000 deaths a year and costs the world 1.6 percent of its GDP, or $1.2 trillion. All this and global temperatures have only risen about 0.8 degrees Celsius (1.44 degrees Fahrenheit) since the early Twentieth Century. Scientists predict that temperatures could rise between 1.1 degrees Celsius (2 degrees Fahrenheit) to a staggering 6.4 degrees Celsius (11.5 degrees Fahrenheit) by the end of the century.
Coral calcification rates fall 44% on Australia's Great Barrier Reef
(09/04/2012) Calcification rates by reef-building coral communities on Australia's Great Barrier Reef have slowed by nearly half over the past 40 years, a sign that the world's coral reefs are facing a grave range of threats, reports a new study published in the Journal of Geophysical Research - Biogeosciences.
Indigenous groups in Panama wait for UN REDD to meet promises
(08/30/2012) A dispute over the implementation of REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation) in Panama has pitted the United Nations (UN) against the nation's diverse and large indigenous groups. Represented by the National Coordinator of Indigenous Peoples in Panama (COONAPIP), indigenous groups charge that the UN has failed to meet several pledges related to kick-starting REDD+ with their support, including delaying a $1.79 million payment to the group to begin REDD+-related activities. The on-going dispute highlights the perils and complexities of implementing REDD+, especially concerns that the program might disenfranchise indigenous groups who have long been the stewards of their forest territories.
Emissions from Amazon deforestation in Brazil fall 57% since 2004
(08/29/2012) Annual emissions from deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon fell by about 57 percent between 2004 and 2011, 20 percentage points lower than the recorded drop in deforestation, reports a new study published in the journal Global Change Biology by Brazilian scientists. Overall, Brazilian deforestation represented roughly 1.5 percent of global carbon emissions from human activities.
Charts: comparing the largest carbon emitters
(08/12/2012) Earlier this month the U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Information Administration announced an 8 percent drop in U.S. carbon dioxide emissions during the first quarter of 2012. Emissions between January and March 2012 were the lowest since 1992.
Earth's ecosystems still soaking up half of human carbon emissions
(08/06/2012) Even as humans emit ever more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, Earth's ecosystems are still sequestering about half, according to new research in Nature. The study finds that the planet's oceans, forests, and other vegetation have stepped into overdrive to deal with the influx of carbon emitted from burning fossil fuels, but notes that this doesn't come without a price, including the acidification of the oceans.
U.S. carbon emissions lowest since 1992
(08/01/2012) A shift away from coal and reduced gasoline demand coupled with a mild winter led to an 8 percent drop in U.S. carbon dioxide emissions during the first quarter of 2012, reports the Energy Information Administration. Emissions between January and March 2012 were the lowest since 1992.
Prominent climate skeptic reverses course, says global warming worse than IPCC forecast
(07/30/2012) After starting his own project to study global warming, a once-prominent climate change skeptic and physicist says he now accepts the reality of anthropogenic climate change. "Last year, following an intensive research effort involving a dozen scientists, I concluded that global warming was real and that the prior estimates of the rate of warming were correct. I'm now going a step further: Humans are almost entirely the cause," Richard Muller writes in the New York Times as his team, the Berkeley Earth Project, releases a new paper that finds an even stronger link between greenhouse gas emissions and rising temperatures worldwide than the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
Experts: sustainable logging in rainforests impossible
(07/19/2012) Industrial logging in primary tropical forests that is both sustainable and profitable is impossible, argues a new study in Bioscience, which finds that the ecology of tropical hardwoods makes logging with truly sustainable practices not only impractical, but completely unprofitable. Given this, the researchers recommend industrial logging subsidies be dropped from the UN's Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) program. The study, which adds to the growing debate about the role of logging in tropical forests, counters recent research making the case that well-managed logging in old-growth rainforests could provide a "middle way" between conservation and outright conversion of forests to monocultures or pasture.
Republican stalwart calls global warming 'a matter of fact', pushes for carbon tax
(07/13/2012) Former Secretary of State George Shultz is calling for a carbon tax to reduce U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and oil consumption, according to an interview released today by Stanford University.
Pre-industrial deforestation still warming atmosphere
(07/03/2012) Fossil fuels were not burned in massive quantities prior to the Industrial Revolution, but humans were still pumping carbon into the atmosphere due to land use change, especially deforestation. In fact, a new study in Environmental Research Letters finds that deforestation prior to 1850 is still heating up our atmosphere today.
Deforestation accounts for 10 percent of global carbon emissions, argues new study
(06/21/2012) Tropical deforestation accounted for 10 percent of global carbon dioxide emissions between 2000-2005 — a substantially smaller proportion than previously estimated — argues a new study published in Science. The paper estimates gross carbon emissions from deforestation at 810 million metric tons (with a 90 percent confidence interval of 0.57-1.22 billion tons) per year from 2000-2005, significantly below earlier calculations. Brazil and Indonesia accounted for 55 percent of gross emissions from tropical deforestation during the study period, while dry forests accounted for 40 percent of tropical forest loss but amounted to only 17 percent of emissions.
Warmer forests expel carbon from soils creating "vicious cycle"
(06/13/2012) As the world warms, temperate forests could become a source of carbon dioxide emission rather than a sink according to a new study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). Scientists found that two forest sites in the U.S. (Wisconsin and North Carolina) emitted long-stored carbon from their soils when confronted with temperatures 10-20 degrees Fahrenheit (5.5-11.1 degrees Celsius) higher than average.
Scientists: if we don't act now we're screwed
(06/07/2012) Scientists warn that the Earth may be reaching a planetary tipping point due to a unsustainable human pressures, while the UN releases a new report that finds global society has made significant progress on only four environmental issues out of ninety in the last twenty years. Climate change, overpopulation, overconsumption, and ecosystem destruction could lead to a tipping point that causes planetary collapse, according to a new paper in Nature by 22 scientists. The collapse may lead to a new planetary state that scientists say will be far harsher for human well-being, let alone survival.
Carbon dioxide hits 400 parts per million in Northern Hemisphere
(05/31/2012) Concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have risen above 400 parts per million (ppm) in recording stations across the Arctic going as far south as Mongolia, reports the Associated Press. Such levels have not been seen in at least 800,000 years according to researchers. Carbon levels fluctuate depending on the region and the season and scientists say global concentrations will likely remain at around 395 ppm for the time being.
Another record in global carbon emissions puts globe on track for 'devastating consequences'
(05/29/2012) Last year global carbon dioxide emissions rose 3.2 percent to a new record of 31.6 gigatons, keeping the planet on track to suffer dangerous climate change, which could propel global crop failures, sea level rise, worsening extreme weather, and mass extinction. According to data from the International Energy Agency (IEA), China's carbon emissions rose the most last year (9.3 percent) while emissions in Europe and the U.S. dipped slightly. China is the currently the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases, while the U.S. has emitted the most historically.
Seagrass beds store 20 billion tons of carbon
(05/22/2012) Just below the ocean's surface lies a carbon powerhouse: seagrass meadows. New research in Nature Geoscience estimates that the world's seagrass meadows conservatively store 19.9 billion metric tons of carbon, even though the threatened marine ecosystems make up only 0.2 percent of Earth's surface. The findings lend support to the idea that seagrass protection and restoration could play a major role in mitigating climate change.
Featured video: why one scientist is getting arrested over climate change
(05/16/2012) In March 2012 the head of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies and well-known climatologist, James Hansen, spoke at a TED conference to explain what would push a 70-year-old scientist to participate in civil disobedience against mountaintop coal mining and the Keystone Pipeline, even leading to several arrests.
Can loggers be conservationists?
(05/10/2012) Last year researchers took the first ever publicly-released video of an African golden cat (Profelis aurata) in a Gabon rainforest. This beautiful, but elusive, feline was filmed sitting docilely for the camera and chasing a bat. The least-known of Africa's wild cat species, the African golden cat has been difficult to study because it makes its home deep in the Congo rainforest. However, researchers didn't capture the cat on video in an untrammeled, pristine forest, but in a well-managed logging concession by Precious Woods Inc., where scientist's cameras also photographed gorillas, elephants, leopards, and duikers.
13 arrested for blockading coal train, including Nobel Prize winning economist
(05/07/2012) Thirteen Canadians were peacefully arrested this weekend for blockading Burlington Northern Santa Fe (BNSF) Railway train tracks in order to prevent the passage of coal stemming from the United States and destined to be burned in Asia. Among those arrested was Mark Jaccard, an economics professor with Simon Fraser University, who won the Nobel Prize for his work with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
For Earth Day, 17 celebrated scientists on how to make a better world
(04/22/2012) Seventeen top scientists and four acclaimed conservation organizations have called for radical action to create a better world for this and future generations. Compiled by 21 past winners of the prestigious Blue Planet Prize, a new paper recommends solutions for some of the world's most pressing problems including climate change, poverty, and mass extinction. The paper, entitled Environment and Development Challenges: The Imperative to Act, was recently presented at the UN Environment Program governing council meeting in Nairobi, Kenya.
Scientists say massive palm oil plantation will "cut the heart out" of Cameroon's rainforest
(03/15/2012) Eleven top scientists have slammed a proposed palm oil plantation in a Cameroonian rainforest surrounded by five protected areas. In an open letter, the researchers allege that Herakles Farm, which proposes the 70,000 hectare plantation in southwest Cameroon, has misled the government about the state of the forest to be cleared and has violated rules set by the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), of which it's a member. The scientists, many of whom are considered leaders in their field, argue that the plantation will destroy rich forests, imperil endangered species, and sow conflict with local people.
Featured Video: the true cost of the tar sands
(03/15/2012) What's the big deal about the tar sands? Canadian photographer Garth Lenz presents the local environmental and social concerns presented by the tar sands in a concise, impassioned speech in a TEDx talk in Victoria, Canada.
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Bethenny Frankel is all about eating healthfully, even during the holidays. We are about to enter the season of gluttony, but Frankel is sharing a few ways to eat tasty but healthy snacks during holiday festivities.
"Making smart choices is easy to do while on the go and can be delicious without being high in calories," Frankel said.
For holiday snacking, it's all about almonds for Frankel! They are high in protein and fiber, low in calories and delicious! Check out one of Frankel's almond snack recipes below!
Spiced Almonds
Ingredients (Makes 12 servings)
⅓ cup olive oil
2 egg whites, at room temperature
Pinch of salt
¾ cup raw sugar
¼ cup brown sugar
3 cups whole natural California almonds
4 tsp. cinnamon
¼ teaspoon freshly grated nutmeg
Preheat oven to 325 degrees. Place olive oil in 15 1/2 x 10 1/2 -inch jellyroll pan. Meanwhile, beat egg whites with salt until frothy; gradually add sugar, beating into stiff peaks. Gently fold in almonds, cinnamon and nutmeg. Pour almond mixture onto jellyroll pan; toss with butter. Bake about 40 minutes, tossing every 10 minutes, until almonds are crisp. Serve warm or at room temperature. Store cooled almonds in airtight container up to 2 weeks.
For more of Frankel's almond tips, click here.
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Last Updated on 24 Jan. 2013,
Total: 16 White Papers
IT security pros aren't feeling the love these days. Once upon a time, we were the stars of the show. I remember how, back in 2004-2009 or so, it was all about security. Today, the relationship has moved from the honeymoon phase to "it's complicated."... Read More
Windows 10 represents the new wave of software and security technology that for the next few years will start to replace the immortal Windows XP and other Windows flavours that have attempted to replace it. According to recent reports in 2015 there are still significant deployments of XP and the Windows 10 team have a significant challenge in replacing the legacy and securing the new trusted computing base... Read More


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Unique Gifts for Kids
Crystal Sunglasses Headband
Take a break from braids and let a blingy headband befitting a Disney starlet handle her 'do for a change. Bonus: It may just keep her from pulling your sunglasses out of your bag every time you turn your back.
To buy: $26, adelaidenyc.com.


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Halo: Reach Xbox 360 Cheats
- Game: Halo: Reach
- Game Description: Halo: Reach follows a storyline of a Noble team, a group of heroic soldiers standing finally on the planet Reach, which is man's final defense between Covenant and planet Earth. Graphically perfected, the characters, events, and environments will catch your curiosity to have an encounter against Covenant.
Lower Your Weapon cheat for Halo: Reach on Xbox 360
When playing campaign or Forge hold down X and B, down the right stick and hold down on the d-pad.
After about two seconds you should hear a click meaning that it worked. You will have lowered your weapon.
To get your weapon back shoot or melee. This glitch will not work on online game modes.
Game Name: Halo: Reach
Cheat Name: Lower Your Weapon
Submited by: Wackwii on Fri, 17th February 2012 06:51 PM
Comment on the Lower Your Weapon cheat for Halo: Reach:
- 17,000 Credits in 10 Minutes
- Achievements
- Air Walking
- Armor Lock Glitch
- Armor Lock Tip
- Armor Lock Up on Forge
- Asylum Cliff Glitch
- Banshee Spaz
- Behind the Hangar Wall
- Behind the Wall in Forge World
- Behind the Wall on Forge World
- Be Like a Grunt
- Boardwalk Camping area
- Boardwalk: Green Flag Glitch
- Bungee Jump
- Chief in Cryosleep
- Close to Skull in Rocks
- Club Party
- Credits Made Easy
- Crystal Armor
- Destroy a Falcon
- Disarm a Tank
- Disarm Tank with Tank
- Drivable Cars with no Turret
- Drop Weapons
- Easy Banshees, Fast and Low Achievement
- Easy Challenge Credits
- Easy Credit Game Settings
- Easy Credits
- Easy Credits II
- Easy Credits III
- Easy Custom Challenge Credits
- Easy Firefight Achievements and Credits
- Easy Firefight Credits
- Easy Flinging
- Ever Lasting Flame Thrower
- Finish Challenges Quickly
- First Award
- Floating Golfball
- Floating Guns
- Fly a Phantom
- Flying Butterfly Shield
- Flying Elevator
- Flying Warthog
- Flying while Walking without Vehicles
- Forge Credit Farming
- Forge Glass
- Forge Health Trick
- Forge World Skull Easter Egg
- Get Credits
- Get Turretless Vehicles
- Glass Cage
- Glide Without Moving
- Glowing Spartan/Elite
- Grid Super Smack
- Haunted Helmet
- Hidden Base Tip
- Hoodie Avatar Award
- Human Torch
- Invincibility on Forge
- Killing Hunters on OSB Mission
- Kill Medals
- Living Plasma Trick
- More Accurate DMR/Needler
- More Target Locator Ammo
- No Gun Using Hologram
- No Weapon
- Oni Sword Base - Enemies All Gone
- Pilot a Falcon - 2nd Mission
- Piloting the Pelican on New Alexandria
- Put Your Weapon Down
- Ranks
- Reach Racer
- Real Armor Lock Glitch
- Revenant for Hunters on Oni Sword Base
- Scared Marine Easter Egg
- Second Mission Truck Driving
- Self Made Flamethrower
- Seraph Flyer
- Shark Tank
- Standing in a Warthog
- The Cage Camping Area
- Throw Grenade in Forge Mode
- Tip: Best Way To Use DMR
- Tip: Credits Easy
- Tip: Fast Kills
- Tip: Saving DMR Ammo
- Under Forge World Island
- Unlimited Armor Lock
- Unlimited Armor Locks
- Unlimited Health/Armor Lockup (Forge)
- Warthog Turret Glitch
- Weaponless
- Weaponless Vehicles
- Wraith with no Damage


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You can now invite anyone to meet at your favorite Starbucks.
Limited-time feature
30 year old woman | Las Vegas, NV, USA | Seeking men 26-38 within 50 miles
Hi! Looking for Chemistry.
I am an honest lady who wants to experience as much as i can in this life and am looking for a partner who wants the same. I would like to meet someone who also loves to travel and can make me laugh and also someone i can make laugh. I hate drama and people who are fake. I'm looking for someone with confidence who can show me some new experiences and takes care of themselves.
Coffee and conversation , Cooking , Dining out , Fishing/Hunting , Movies/Videos , Museums and art , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Nightclubs/Dancing , Performing arts , Shopping/Antiques , Travel/Sightseeing , Volunteering , Watching sports , Wine tasting
Aerobics, Cycling, Dancing, Other types of exercise, Running, Walking / Hiking
I exercise 5 or more times per week.
I like Birds, Cats, Dogs, Fish
I have a beautiful chihuahua/terrior mix, who is spoiled rotten.
Vegas Baby!!!!
Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA
I like all types of music from house music to classic rock and hip hop! Love action movies and comedies (not into chick flicks). My favorite food is soul food, mexican and sweets!!
On my spare time i enjoy working out, shopping and volunteering.
Don't do a lot of reading, prefer to watch.
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What she is looking for
|5'4" (162cms)
|5'6" (167cms) to 8'11" (271cms)
|Body type:
|About average
|Slender, About average, Athletic and toned, A few extra pounds
|Green, Hazel
|Black, Light brown, Dark brown
|Yes, but trying to quit
|Occasionally, Yes, but trying to quit
|Social Drinker
|Social Drinker
|Travel / Hospitality / Transportation
|Artistic / Creative / Performance, Executive / Management, Financial / Accounting / Real Estate, Medical / Dental / Veterinary / Fitness, Sales / Marketing, Self-Employed / Entrepreneur, Technical / Science / Computers / Engineering, Travel / Hospitality / Transportation, Law enforcement / Security / Military
|$25,001 to $35,000
|$35,001 to $50,000
|Never Married
|Never Married, Widow / Widower, Divorced
|Have kids:
|Yes, and they sometimes live at home, No
|Wants kids:
|Someday, Not sure
|Black / African descent, Native American
|Asian, Black / African descent, East Indian, Latino / Hispanic, Middle Eastern, Native American, Pacific Islander, White / Caucasian, Other
Part Cherokee indian.
|Christian / Other
|Spiritual but not religious, Christian / Other
|Some college
|High school, Some college, Associates degree, Bachelors degree, Graduate degree, PhD / Post Doctoral


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Turkey And Dumplings
|Frozen mixed vegetables
|1 Cup (16 tbs)
|2 Tablespoon
|Nonfat dry milk powder
|1⁄2 Cup (8 tbs)
|2 Tablespoon
|Dried basil
|1⁄2 Teaspoon, crushed
|Chicken broth
|1 1⁄2 Cup (24 tbs)
|Fully cooked turkey breast portion
|6 Ounce, chopped to make 1 1/2 cups
|Packaged biscuit mix
|1⁄2 Cup (8 tbs)
|Shredded cheddar cheese
|1 Ounce (1/4 Of A 4 Ounce Package / 1/3 Cup)
|Skim milk
|3 Tablespoon
Place frozen mixed vegetables and water in a 1 1/2 -quart microwave-safe casserole.
Micro-cook, covered, on 100% power (high) for 2 to 3 minutes or till vegetables are crisp-tender, stirring once.
Drain well.
Stir dry milk powder, cornstarch, basil, and 1/8 teaspoon pepper into casserole.
Stir in the chicken broth all at once.
Cook, uncovered, on high for 4 to 6 minutes or till mixture is thickened and bubbly, stirring after every minute.
Stir in turkey.
Cook, uncovered, on high for 2 to 3 minutes more or till bubbly again, stirring once.
Meanwhile, for dumplings, in a medium mixing bowl stir together biscuit mix and cheese.
Stir in milk just till moistened.
Drop dumpling mixture from a teaspoon into 4 mounds atop the hot turkey mixture.
Cook, uncovered, on high for 3 1/2 to 4 minutes or till a wooden toothpick inserted into centers of dumplings comes out clean, rotating dish once.


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Don "D.C." Curry has been around for a minute. He's an accomplished veteran comic who knows how to get folks laughing. In his versatile career, he's been heard on voiceovers for shows like "The Boondocks," been the frontman for his own R&B band and has done stage, screen and theater including "Def Comedy Jam," "The Steve Harvey Show," The Tracey Morgan Show," and his own "Comedy Central" special. Fortunately for fans in Texas, he's headed to the Arlington Improv this weekend.
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