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The Economics of Obesity: Why Are Poor People Fat?
This is what poverty looked like in the Great Depression…
This is what poverty looks like today…
For most of recorded history, fat was revered as a sign of health and prosperity. Plumpness was a status symbol. It showed that you did not have to engage in manual labor for your sustenance. And it meant that you could afford plentiful quantities of food.
For most people, however, being fat was simply not an option. The constant struggle to hunt and harvest ensured that we stayed active. And for those with little money, the supply of calories was meager. This ensured that most of the working class stayed slim.
Rich people were fat. Poor people were thin.
Today, the polar opposite is true. Numerous studies show that low-income children and adults are far more likely to be overweight than those of greater means. And the statistical distribution fits a nice, neat curve – as income falls, the rate of obesity rises.
The following graph from a population study in Utah puts this in perspective. The tallest bar on the left represents the lowest income group… and the highest rate of obesity.
Logically, this makes no sense and it is contrary to our historical experience. How is it that the people with the least money to spend are the most likely to be overweight?
There is no shortage of suggestions for why this is the case. Here are just a few I've come across:
- Poor people are uneducated and ignorant about nutrition. (They never learned that Doritos and Twinkies are not a healthy meal).
- Poor people are too lazy (or too busy working) to cook real food.
- Poor people are too tired after working two jobs to get enough exercise.
- Poor people don't have access to fitness centers and farmers markets.
There is some truth in all of these statements. But they certainly do not apply to all lower income workers. Each exhibits a significant misunderstanding. And none of them identify the real reason why modern poverty is so closely correlated with obesity.
The Real Reason Why Poor People Are Fat
Professor and obesity researcher, Dr. Adam Drewnowski set out to determine why income is the most reliable predictor of obesity in the U.S. To do this, he took a hypothetical dollar to the grocery store. His goal was to purchase as many calories as possible per dollar.
What he found is that he could buy well over 1,000 calories of cookies or potato chips. But his dollar would only buy 250 calories of carrots. He could buy almost 900 calories of soda… but only 170 calories of orange juice.
If you are poor and hungry, you are obviously going to buy the cheapest calories you can find. And in today's world, the cheapest calories come from junk foods – whether those foods are found at the grocery store, the gas station, or in the fast food restaurant, conveniently located just down the street.
But this raises another question. How can industrially-processed foods and their associated marketing costs be so much cheaper than real, whole foods produced from water, seeds and sunlight?
In a New York Times article, author Michael Pollan asks this very question…
"Compared with a bunch of carrots, a package of Twinkies is a highly complicated, high-tech piece of manufacture, involving no fewer than 39 ingredients, many themselves elaborately manufactured, as well as the packaging and a hefty marketing budget. So how can the supermarket possibly sell a pair of these synthetic cream-filled pseudo-cakes for less than a bunch of roots?"
Pollan goes on to answer his own question…
"The Twinkie is basically a clever arrangement of carbohydrates and fats teased out of corn, soybeans and wheat — three of the five commodity crops that the farm bill supports, to the tune of some $25 billion a year.
The primary reason that lower-income people are more overweight is because the unhealthiest and most fattening foods are the cheapest. If you were broke and had just three dollars to spend on food today, would you buy a head of broccoli or a Super Value Meal with French fries, a cheeseburger and a Coke?
Because you're reading this publication, you might choose the former. But for most people who have very little to spend on food, the choice is clear.
And make no mistake. This does not represent a failure of the capitalist free-market system. Modern agri-business and government food policy represents a perverted version of capitalism – crony capitalism – where those with the most money and the most powerful friends in government control the markets.
What they have done is use your tax dollars to subsidize certain commodity crops (at the expense of others) to ensure that the cost of oils, sugar and grains stay artificially low. With low input costs, food manufacturers can turn a tidy profit. The end result is that processed foods – even though they require more technology, more labor and more marketing to produce and sell – are cheaper to the consumer than real, whole foods.
Consider that between 1985 and 2000, the inflation-adjusted prices of fruits and vegetables increased by an average of 40%. During the same period of time the real price of soft drinks fell by almost 25%.
There is no doubt that obesity has become a public health crisis. But because most politicians either do not understand the issue or because they are too corrupt to do the right thing, most "solutions" to this crisis are completely wrongheaded.
Some politicians are calling for a tax on fat people themselves. Currently, many state governments have imposed taxes on soft drinks and junk foods. And calls are growing louder for similar taxes at the federal level.
It is completely insane that in a country where the surgeon general has identified "an epidemic of obesity" that we are simultaneously subsidizing the production of high-fructose corn syrup. It is equally insane that the government is helping to artificially lower the cost of foods that are driving up national healthcare costs (i.e. killing us), while having a national healthcare debate about how we are going to pay for those costs.
So What Can You Do?
I am a strong advocate for free markets. If I had my way, I would not suggest shifting the subsidies from unhealthy commodity crops to crops that are considered healthy. I suggest leveling the playing field by ending food subsidies altogether.
But that is clearly not going to happen…
Within the current system, the best we can hope for is a situation where public funds are diverted from the corporate Agri-Giants (which is nothing more than welfare for the wealthy) to family farms and fruit and vegetable growers. Currently, almost 70% of farmers receive no subsidies at all, while the biggest and strongest take the bulk of public funds.
Public funds for farms and food should be directed to help build local and sustainable food systems. These funds should favor natural, organic and sustainable methods, rather than the chemical and industrial practices that pollute our rivers and our bodies.
Publicly funded cafeterias in schools, prisons and hospitals should be required to source a percentage of their food from regional sources. And federal food assistance programs like WIC cards and food stamps should be accepted at farmers markets and other healthier alternatives than the local Safeway.
This would do a lot more to help the "obesity crisis" than taxing soft drinks at a penny per ounces.
But you want to know the truth?
Very little of what I have just proposed is likely to happen. It doesn't matter how much sense it makes. And it doesn't matter how vocally the population howls in protest to the current system. The corporate powers that be are simply too powerful and too well-entrenched in Washington.
You best bet is to vote with your dollars and your feet.
Choose whole, natural foods over those that are processed. Most of the foods you bring home from the grocery store should not have ingredients. They should BE ingredients. If possible, buy your food directly from small farms and family-owned farms. And whenever you can, choose foods that are grown locally (www.eatwild.com, www.realmilk.com and www.localharvest.org are three organizations that can help you find farmers in your region).
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Health Topic: Diet and Nutrition | Health Warning
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Very interesting article there and yes rich people are skinny because of economics. Real food – things that is not made from rubbish like wheat, r
Oops that didnt come out right. what i was saying is
It's all boils down to economics. Rich people can afford to eat REAL FOOD- top quality meats, fish, organic vegetables, top quality fats and oils while
poor people eat what look like food but is actually disease causing poisons- wheat, dirty meats and fish, rice, vegetable oils, trans fats, cotton seeds oils, milk,cheese, soy beans, potatoes, corn and every thing made from those ingredients which is why it is cheap and affordable but It's all rubbish. Not to mention all that sugary soft drinks made from HFCS and other sugars.
Is wheat unhealthy? As in the stuff in bread???
What am I supposed to do? Live off rice?
That would be a good alternative, the Japanese do not eat wheat, they are healthier, live longer, have less heart disease and prostate cancer, and spend half as much on health as the USA. Rice is completely metabolized in the small intestine (white rice) unlike wheat, which is about 75% metabolized, the balance being fermented by bacteria in the colon.
White rice does not contain gluten.
What are you supposed to do, well that's your choice but the Japanese staple source of energy neither makes them fat or sick, and its cheap.
It's not that wheat is unhealthy, but rather a diet based entirely on wheat is. Wheat is basically all carbohydrates and the golden ticket to weight gain( as opposed to popular misconception that eating fat is the fastest way to gain weight). If poor people's diet is consisted primarily of chips that come in huge bags and proportions, it's hard to stay in shape.
Good food costs, but it seems that no matter what level of economics Fat is fat and it has to do with the availability and social acceptance possibly. As well as the educational factor in teaching good food from bad. Basically, when you think about it. Anyone to blame would be media, fast food chains and the fast paced life of drive thru . Unemployment and depression, or non exercise basically.
Or it could just be that wealthier people obviously care about themselves enough to take care of themselves. The same reason they succeeded in life.
What a crock! Not everyone was born with a gold bar in their ass and skinny. And even the wealthy are fat.
What I find amazing is how you seem to think that poor people chose to be poor? Not everyone is poor based on choice, some had prominent jobs and careers and have come from a middle class income. It is the dynamics of the society and environment that contributes to the overall health of a person. Mental states and disease which may be hereditary are also know contributors to the person weight. Death of a spouse or the loss of a child. You know… You can't say that people don't care about themselves and that is the reason. You also have to add the prejudices that are prevalent today as well.
wealthy people can afford the best food, personal dieticians, best exercise equipment, gyms, fitness trainers, cosmetic surgery,etc..etc..some of then have their own private chef !
I Love to eat healthy..lean protein, fresh veges and fruit but cannot afford it all month…..I cannot afford to pay over $20 for 5 chicken breasts for example ! Wealthy people can buy anything any time and not worry about cost ! Not only that they don't feel stuck in any rut which sometimes lead the poor to over eating out of depression etc…poor people eat mass carbs because it is cheaper and affordable…pasta etc…If I was wealthy I would have the best body ever also and fit !When you wealthy you have so much and anything you could want or desire…no wonder they take care of themselves better..they have a positive and better life and don't have concerns and worries about everyday struggles poor people do !
Mate, you don't need exercise equipment to exercise!
Go for a run, a swim whatever.. I don't go to the gym or spend money on fitness trainers, dietitians or cosmetic surgery but I still have veins running up my abs.
You don't need money to be healthy.. and as for your comment about eating pasta, maybe just eat less??
Take some responsibility for yourself.
@David Try being too tired from malnutrition, lack of sleep and working. Yeah you can exercise on your own, but poor people are tired after working their jobs or from the lack of proper nutrition to even do some exercise.
Don't buy chicken breasts, these are the most expensive cuts of chicken. You can buy 3 organic chicken drumsticks for about $4 & the meat from the drumsticks is healthier as it is closest to the bones + cartilages so it has more nutrients than the more expensive breast cuts of chicken
Nope my uncle makes 600k a year and he is fat, fat is a gen people and there is no way to prevent it, other than not mating with a fat person, because if you do your children may become fat also.
Well, you're wrong.
It's not the government's job to ensure that we eat healthy. One day all the people who are to cowardly to take responsibility for themselves and expect the government to watch over them will cost us all of our freedoms.
BS …….the Government is the reason we cannot afford healthy food !!!!!! I want healthy food !!!!!!! I want to be able to afford it !!!!!
Its foodstamps…if u dont finish them they take em away
I think it's lack of sympathy. Poor people in general are unhappy. Their failures in life are attributed to themselves. Yes, a lot of poor people make stupid decisions and are poor for that reason. The problem is that we think we'll help them by inflicting even more guilt on them. "Of course you're fat if you drink soft drinks and eat fast food". "Of course youre fat if you don't exercise and 'take care of yourself' whatever that is…" A lot of poor people are told directly and indirectly everyday that they are worthless and stupid. Some of them have never been loved and appreciated in their entire life (and being fat wont help with that…). The only way for them to console themselves is food and drugs (which puts them even further down the spiral of guilt and self loathing). We need to stop moralizing so much and stick to the core value that every person has an intrinsic value even if you're poor, fat and stupid.
Ive been whats considered poor and gained weight the past few years; I was expecting the article to include something about eating out of depression/unhappiness. You don't have the extra money after buying food to afford fun fancy things to distract you and you're too down to go do fun outdoors things, so you go to your food for comfort and try to avoid the exertion of exercise. This is my experience at least… first world problems I know ;n;
I don't think so. I think the core problem lies in the type of diet poor can consume. Richer individuals can have a choice to have a salad or some nice meat, but for many poor people, cheap carb and greasy products such as burgers and chips are their primary diet. " Real food" in the supermarket is a lot more expansive than the food they serve in Mcdonalds.
Thank you for commenting…you made sense here ! Wish everyone got it !
Also, don't forget that many people run out of food at the end of the month when they don't have any money to buy food, so when they do get paid they binge eat to make up for the lost calories. Even if they end up eating only one meal a day or nothing at all for a week, they make up the calories and then some when they get money and buy a bunch of food. Too tired to exercise and still hungry from malnutrition.
Excuse me while I brag (in a perverse way), but I've been poor all of my adult life. I mean getting-welfare-cheques poor. I've been evicted twice for nonpayment of rent. But I'm thin, and always have been, even though I eat junk food every day. Obesity has a strong genetic component, and I don't have the genes for weight gain.
What I think is, it's not that poverty makes you fat but being fat predisposes you to being poor. I know poor people (because I am one) and most of the poor people I know have personal handicaps that make them unattractive to other people. A common problem among the poor is that so many of them are not too bright. Most people just don't like stupid people, and won't work with them. Similarly, many poor people are just naturally fat, and the unattractiveness of obesity, in congress with being dumb, makes them vastly more likely to be unemployed. You can be fat and smart, and still have a job. You can be healthy and strong, but dumb, and still hold a job. But you can't be both dumb and fat and stay employed for very long. That's what I know from personal, up-close observation of the poor.
Incidentally, I'm poor because I'm lazy. But I'm thin, and I'm smart enough to know how to punctuate a sentence.
I'm poor because my parents are poor. My mom is mentally ill and lives on disability. My father is in jail. I failed in high school not because I was stupid, but because I was made fun of for being fat. Thus I became even more depressed and stopped going. Places don't want to hire me because they automatically assume things because of my school record. No one wants to hire a fat, depressed person who missed 120 days of the 9th grade year. When I was in elementary school I made straight As. I also cannot afford new clothes often and still wear things from 7 years ago. I basically wear things that are given to me and wear them until they have too many holes in them. How am I supposed to dress nicely for an interview or for a job if I can't afford new clothes? How am I supposed to get hired if I don't look the part? How can I afford new clothes if I don't have a job? It's a cycle that holds people down no matter how hard they try to break free. Not even Mc donalds will hire me and that is saying something.
Priorities priorities priorities………………..
Drive through the poorest areas of the Bronx and take some pictures.
Everybody is walking around with tattoos from head to toe!
The newest phones & gadgets.
Expensive cars parked all around the projects.
Those things cost MONEY
DRUGS cost MONEY
Most poorer people have little common sense and/or education!
How else do you explain 2nd, 3rd and even 4th generation Latin Americans not speaking any English???
African Americans speak a completely different dialect of English!!!
They can't read, write, comprehend etc etc etc
We all have choices in this country!!!
You can be fat, muscular, skinny; if you want to be!!!
That was an ignorant comment… Not all African Americans speak in a different manner. It's all about education. If you don't know what healthy eating habits are you can't adopt them. I have several white American friends who think diet pepsi is a meal. If your parents taught you healthy eating habits then you will eat healthy. Its a learned behavior not a racial issue.
I disagree Ann. We live in an information age. You cannot blame your upbringing for your life decisions. Once you become an adult, you are suposed to better yourself, learn how to take care of you and yours. Be responsible. To say "My daddy didn't teach me how to eat", does not excuse you being fat and increasing the healthcare cost for the rest of us to pay. Does anyone's parents teach us how to have sex? I doubt it, but I bet they know how to have sex. So they obviously sought out the needed info to learn it.
Address the personal responsibility issue, and half of our problems will go away.
It sounds logical, but it's not. If it's just purchasing cheap calories that makes people, then perhaps those obese people are buying too many calories that happen to be cheap. If you consume more calories than you expend, you gain weight. If one needs 2000 calories/ day, then how many cheeseburgers and fries are obese people buying? Way too many. It just might be less expensive for them to buy some rice, fruit and some eggs rather than the junk food.
Except they're not on some days I don't eat anything and on some days I have but one meal all less than 1000 calories. That leads to the feeling of hunger and tiredness which discourages exercise. Lack of exercise and proper nutrition factor in as well.
This is the only reasonable comment on this page. None of the other stuff people are bringing up explains why people consumer more calories than they need. It may be that cheap calories (junk food) are more palatable and likely to be overconsumed, but cheapness is not a sufficient explanation. In fact, cheap calories should be good thing for the poor.
Grest article. Sadly, the comments show it wasn't fully undestood. Those 'blaming' the poor (unbelievably many do here) should re-read the point about the price of broccoli. Oh, and a huge percentage of 'poor' people (here in he UK as well as stateside) have mental health issues
thank you also for your sensible comment….why don't people just get it ?
I am poor and I'm of normal weight, athletic and quite healthy. Age 43 female.
The reason I'm not fat is because my pancreas aren't exhausted to the point of being insulin resistant. This happens to most Americans because the parents let their kids grow up on junk food to pacify them rather than teaching them the laws of obeying mother nature.
I grew up in a country that had NO junk foods available, the only thing there was industrialized foods, feedlot pork, pesticide lettuce and the apples were probably GMO…
Point is, if you start beating up your pancreas starting at age 1 or even 6 mo. olds with a high carb diet, regardless if it's organic rice or Dorito Chips, you're most likely to be fat by the time you're 25.
Don't exhaust your glands!
Here, here!!
See Its so funny when i was poor and homless I was starving and weighed 160IB, when I was working in the oil patch, I was well off, but i worked my ass off everyday until i puked or felt like puking from muscle pain and exhaustion, and I weighed 190IB had a 30 in waste and didnt gain or lose weight after that point.
now I work I eat as they said I buy ingredient not food with alot of ingredient. I dont like processed food that just mean more people coffed in it and it has more chemicals, So anyhow i do not work out nor does my job give me much excericise, i weigh 185-190, I am nto trying to control my weigh, just eat healthy fresh food, i have a 34 inch waste, and i dont care.
but I do wonder if someone that is 380ib should be 380 ib of fat or muscle depending o weatehr they get alot of phyicial activity or non at all.
but after all this matters
Whatever your income status not being overweight takes focus and will. One has to regulate how much calories consumed whether they are Twinkies or carrots. Exercise will allow one to eat more without gaining weight, poor people don't excersize because they are lazy. So really it about conscious effort as both rich and poor are surrounded by calories that they need to reject in order to not gain weight.
So it all about will power and control over one's own body, people with this will power also tend to be wealthier as the same will power as enabled them to complete as masters degree and work 70 hrs a week at a job and invest money wisely. Also not overspend and go into debt or get divorced, all of things that lead to poverty.
It's about will when you can afford to have enough food. A lot of times it's cheaper to have a full meal from say McDonald's than it is to have a full healthy meal consisting of, I don't know, chicken, rice and vegetables. Say you only have five dollars to eat for the day would you go to the store and buy only a small portion of veggies (that probably isn't good quality due the conditions in these neighborhoods)and maybe a little chicken or a few value burgers? It's like asking would you rather have one small meal or enough food to stretch through out the day…
Also, I don't understand what you mean by lazy. What you didn't consider is some of these people are working more than one job, long hours, just to get pay for rent, not leaving any money for food. Some of them are working just as much as the wealthy people that you referred to they're just not making as much per hour. Of course it's because they didn't get a college degree but maybe there is no way they could. And if they took out a ton of loans just to get through it then they would still become indebted.
I eat healthy the first part of the month and my weight comes down and I feel great…but then run out of money for healthy foods and end up eating more carbs..then my weight goes up and I feel sick…If I could afford fresh food like fresh veges and fruit and healthy lean meats all month long I would be awesomely fit all the time and feeling healthy !
Hmm is anyone else encountering problems with the images on this blog loading?
I'm trying to figure out if its a problem on my end
or if it's the blog. Any feed-back would be greatly appreciated.
Wow, some of you are really self-righteous and judgmental. Poor people are fat and lazy, really?! I dare any of you just walk in someone else's shoes for a day and see how your opinion differs. Walk in mine (if you fancy to wear a size 7 1/2)- fully employed and insured. Had to have my baby girl 3 months early. She weighed 1 lb 12 oz and spent over 90 days in the NICU. $700,000 worth of bills (insurance keeps trying to not pay as much as possible), loss wages, extra gas for the daily trips to the hospital, pumping milk many times a day for my baby so she doesn't have to drink formula (riddled with bad ingredients) still trying to fit in family time for my other daughter, maintain employment, gained 15-20 lbs (some people can't eat during stressful times, others do. I did)…You call someone like me lazy? It only takes one incident to turn your life upside down. Just because you might be doing "ok" today, doesn't mean you will continue to do so tomorrow. It will take years for me to recover financially. There are many, many others who are much worse off than me. I consider myself lucky despite everything. And for those who say the government shouldn't take care of you? Well, why the hell not? We certainly take care of them, don't we??? It's ok for them to get huge salaries and go golfing every day possible, while the rest of us work full-time jobs and still can't get very far.
Your absolutely right!!!!! You can't control life. I work in the emergency department of a hospital & see all too well how someone's life can be turned upside down financially. Being poor can happen to anyone.
Like if ALL vegatables were FREE, poor people would eat them???? Guess again!!! Food stamp folks buy junk food because it requires NO preparation and is easy to eat…period. A CHOICE they make on their own. For the most most part, being fat is a CHOICE.
I would so totally eat veggies if they were free. I like veggies and fruit but I can't afford to eat many of them as they go bad quickly and are expensive. The money I would spend on food would be spent on other things like new clothes and such.
The good Dr. Drewnowski might be absolutely correct in his assessments of pricing Calorie per Calorie. The problem is that, that measurement is the wrong number to assess for determining the AMOUNT of food you can buy and eat, pound for pound and proper portion serving per proper portion serving. Lays company lists a proper portion of their Classic Potato Chips as 1 ounce and 160 Calories. You would have to eat almost an entire pound of Carrots to get about the same amount of Calories. A LOT MORE FOOD FOR YOUR DOLLAR. Not that I would ever recommend either amount of these two as a serving, but it is amazingly cheaper to eat an entire pound of boiled eggs for breakfast then it is to eat a whole pound of any sweetened, name brand cereal. STOP allowing huge food companies to make billions of dollars in profits selling us foods TO MAKE US FAT! Some of those same companies also advertise and sell the diet pills and diet foods they say will help you lose the weight. They profit from engineering the foods to make you eat more. Then, they make billions more in profits by selling you the diet pills and "diet" foods to help you lose it. Those companies hope you never figure it out and start eating better.
Poverty is certainly not the main reason for most individuals becoming overweight! Regardless of their economic situation, they certainly have had the opportunity to acquire enough food in sufficient quantities to consume more each day then their bodies clinically required to maintain a healthier body weight. Eating less, even for a person experiencing poverty, would cost them less as well. No one needs to spend MORE money to eat better. People do not become overweight by eating too little. First and foremost, there are literally hundreds of pages and websites found in a 10 second search online, that clearly list dozens and dozens of HEALTHY food suggestions which ALL cost LESS THAN $1 per pound! Dried beans, rice, whole chicken, vegetables, fruits and low fat milk, ETC. And for many people, drinking water is available right out of the faucet for no additional charge at all. ALL of these choices costing less than the less healthy prepared foods and beverages that many people already purchase. Secondly, without changing a single food that people already purchase, people could simply eat only 3/4 of each of the meals and snacks they already purchase and consume. This would cost them LESS money AND trim their calorie intake daily, without substituting a single one of the foods they currently eat for healthier choices. Lastly, going for short walks to increase their daily physical activity costs nothing. And, walking is certainly something that the majority of overweight people can still do physically. I readily acknowledge that genetics, depression, medications, physical injuries, physical limitations, metabolic and brain chemistry imbalances all can and do play a part in the already overwhelming overweight equation. But, practically each one of those disabilities can be reduced and in many cases eliminated by incorporating more and more small, progressive, healthier life style changes into their daily routine.
Although I am a huge advocate for buying less expensive AND healthier foods to feed MY family, we must acknowledge, that there are still those who are so cemented into their routines and their habits that they will refuse to substitute the foods they eat for cheaper and healthier choices. Regardless of the fact that those are the very foods that have contributed to their excessive weight. For any of those unwilling, or in their opinion, unable (for whatever reason) to switch to healthier foods, I would politely like to propose a simple suggestion. For the next 90 days only;
#1 Substitute every OTHER drink you would normally have, with a large glass of water.
#2 Eat only 3/4′s of each meal and each snack you would normally have had anyway. Give the extra food to anyone who can use it, or save it for another meal, so it is not wasted.
#3 Every time a commercial comes on tv, get up and walk around your home and DO NOT sit down again until the regular show comes back on. Never be sitting while a commercial is on. If you don't have a tv, at least once every hour, get up and walk anywhere for a few minutes. If you can safely walk outside where you live, go out and walk to the closest telephone or light pole, touch it and walk back home. Each time you go out to walk, walk to the next pole further away, (adding one more every time) touch that one and walk back home. If you are unable to walk, do whatever physical activity you can, that will keep your body moving for the duration of those few minutes.
At the end of the 90 days of honestly following these cost saving suggestions, please post back in here, exactly how much more money it truly cost you and exactly how much weight you gained after the three months?
If I only had $3.50 to eat today, I would get a bag of potatoes and a bag of dried beans. That would actually feed me for several days. I could do a bag of rice and a bag lentils for tomorrow's $3.50, and once again eat several times. Choices….


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Originally written on Mets Merized Online | Last updated 11/14/12
The latest speculation has the Mets shopping R.A. Dickey for a power hitter, but I wonder if it would really improve them, both in 2013 and/or the future. I don't know what the Mets could actually get for Dickey, because there are some red flags for a team interested. Let's face it, he's a knuckleballer and there's still a stigma that it's a gimmick pitch hard to control. And, last year was his best at age 38, and want to bet some teams believe that to be a fluke? It's not fair, but such thinking does exist. Another factor is that Dickey is not signed beyond 2013. Any team that deals for him would have to be given an opportunity to negotiate with him, and if he's determined to be a free agent that won't be a breeze. I also don't see many teams trading a young slugger for a 38-year-old pitcher, who, before last season was a journeyman. If Dickey is dealt – and last year wasn't a fluke – then the Mets' rotation would be considerably weaker. Johan Santana broke down at the end of la
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text: Professor Shawn Dougherty Professor of Drama (740) 284-5392 firstname.lastname@example.com Download Full CV › Education Master of Fine Arts (Drama/Directing) University of Oklahoma 1990Bachelor of Arts (Drama) University of Dallas 1982 (cum laude) Professional Academic Experience Full Professor of Drama, Franciscan University of Steubenville (Steubenville, Ohio) since August 2001. I developed and teach in the Drama program of the Fine Arts department, which I also Chair. I teach (or have taught) all levels of the Drama program including Theatre History I and II, Stagecraft, Design for the Theatre, Introduction to Theatre, Oral Interpretation, Principles of Directing, Advanced Directing, Fundamentals of Acting I and II, Advanced Acting, Production, and Playwriting. As a member of the Honors Program faculty, I have taught Honors I and II of our eight semester "Great Books" program. In 2005 I was presented the University's Senior Faculty Teaching Merit Award.Theatre Manager, Designer and Technical Director. From 1990 – 2001Faculty Theatre Director. From 1990 – Current Professional Theatre Experience DirectingSouth Pacific - University of Dallas (visiting guest director)Octette Bridge Club - Southwest Repertory Theatre (Santa Fe, NM)Scapino - Southwest Repertory Theatre (Santa Fe, NM)Macbeth - Oklahoma City Theatre CompanyActingAntigone - CreonTo Kill a Mockingbird - Atticus FinchJulius Caesar (Norris Houghton) - Publican SenatorIn a Northern Landscape - OlaffsenMine - Steve MorganLunar Eclipse - MikeSounds Like Old Times - Lone RangerTracks - MickeyCloud Nine (Adrian Hall) - ServantLone Star - William B. Travis Lone Star ProductionsThe Crucible - Reverend HaleWiley and the Hairy Man - Hairy ManAndrocles and the Lion - CapitanOedipus - Chorus Member University Service Creation of University-wide St. Francis Feast Day Medieval FestivalCreation of University LAST LECTURE SERIESCo-Coordinator or Franciscan Film SocietyCo-Coordinator of University Spring Fine Arts FestivalFaculty Advisor for the Franciscan University Board of Advisors Fine Arts CommitteeUniversity Professional Theatre ushering programCreator and Advisor of the University Fine Arts SocietyChairman of the Fine Arts Department (2009 – 2013) Read More Faculty Profiles ›


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WASHINGTON (AP) — Democratic senators on Friday called on federal regulators to investigate Verizon Wireless, the country's biggest mobile provider, for secretly inserting unique tracking codes into the Web traffic of its some 100 million customers.
WASHINGTON (AP) — Yahoo's free email service could have cost the company an extra quarter of a million dollars a day.
The government called for the huge fine in 2008 if Yahoo didn't go along with an expansion of U.S. surveillance by surrendering online information, a step the company regarded as unconstitutional. At stake, according to the government, was the nation's security.
Top July 2014 residential real estate transactions for Davidson, Williamson, Rutherford, Wilson and Sumner counties, as compiled by Chandler Reports.
WASHINGTON (AP) — The first time the bipartisan Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board dissected a National Security Agency surveillance program, it found fundamental flaws, arguing in a January report that the NSA's collection of domestic calling records "lacked a viable legal foundation" and should be shut down.
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WASHINGTON (AP) — The House on Thursday passed legislation to end the National Security Agency's bulk collection of American phone records, the first legislative response to the disclosures by former NSA contractor Edward Snowden.
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In Louisiana, the wife of a former soldier is scaling back on Facebook posts and considering unfriending old acquaintances, worried an innocuous joke or long-lost associate might one day land her in a government probe.
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The U.S. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court, which reviews government requests to spy on individuals, ruled Monday that information should be made public about a 2008 case that ordered Yahoo Inc. to turn over customer data.
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Top 2012 residential real estate transactions for Davidson, Williamson, Rutherford, Wilson and Sumner counties, as compiled by Chandler Reports.
July 2012 real estate trends for Davidson, Williamson, Rutherford and Wilson counties, as compiled by Chandler Reports.
Chandler Reports has been publishing Real Estate Market Data since 1968. That year, Chandler began collecting residential sales information for the Chandler Residential Report, considered the authoritative source for residential real estate sales information. Over the next three decades, the publications have been continually refined, enhanced and expanded, growing to include lot sales data, new residential construction and absorption information, and commercial sales. In 1987, Chandler Reports began one of the first on–line real estate market data services in the country, and is a nationally recognized leader in the industry. In 2004, Chandler Reports was purchased by The Daily News Publishing Co. In 2007, Chandler introduced RegionPlus, including property research for Nashville and Middle Tennessee. Visit online at chandlerreports.com.
June 2012 real estate transactions for Davidson, Williamson, Rutherford, Wilson and Sumner counties, as compiled by Chandler Reports.
Top residential sales for Davidson, Williamson, Rutherford and Wilson counties for November 2011 compiled by Chandler Reports.
Chandler Reports has been publishing Real Estate Market Data since 1968. That year, Chandler began collecting residential sales information for the Chandler Residential Report, considered the authoritative source for residential real estate sales information. Over the next three decades, the publications have been continually refined, enhanced and expanded, growing to include lot sales data, new residential construction and absorption information, and commercial sales. In 1987, Chandler Reports began one of the first on-line real estate market data services in the country, and is a nationally recognized leader in the industry. In 2004, Chandler Reports was purchased by The Daily News Publishing Co. In 2007, Chandler introduced RegionPlus, including property research for Nashville and Middle Tennessee. Visit online at chandlerreports.com.
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Commodity Linked Credit: A Risk Management Instrument for the Agrarians in India
This research analyzes daily commodity spot prices and designs risk contingent structured financial instruments as a means to mitigate business and financial risk by reducing debt obligations depending on the embedded commodity options whose payoffs are linked with commodity price fluctuations. Models are developed for operating loans and farm mortgages. The results show that the distributions with the embedded option have higher probability of greater returns and the embedded option with the repayment contingent on the price fluctuation reduces the downside risk of the return from the investment.
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| Web page: http://www.agfin.ifas.ufl.edu/
References listed on IDEAS
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- Calum G. Turvey, 2006. "Managing food industry business and financial risks with commodity-linked credit instruments," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 22(4), pages 523-545.
- Heath, David & Jarrow, Robert & Morton, Andrew, 1992. "Bond Pricing and the Term Structure of Interest Rates: A New Methodology for Contingent Claims Valuation," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 60(1), pages 77-105, January.
- Rajan, Raghuram, 1988. "Pricing commodity bonds using binomial option pricing," Policy Research Working Paper Series 136, The World Bank.
- Beatriz Armendariz & Jonathan Morduch, 2007. "The Economics of Microfinance," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262512017, June.
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- Myers, Robert J, 1992. "Incomplete Markets and Commodity-Linked Finance in Developing Countries," World Bank Research Observer, World Bank Group, vol. 7(1), pages 79-94, January.
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29 year old man | Berthoud, CO, USA | Seeking women 20-29 within 25 miles
Energy and Persistence Conquer all Things!!!
I'm checking things off my bucket list while keeping my rational goals in focus. I believe it's important to experience many ways of living. I came from humble beginnings. I've been lucky to travel/see/experience a lot. I feel I've lived a lot of lives and gained value from them all. My favorite people are smart. I love my friends and family for how awesome they are. I'd love a lady who impresses me with her smarts, thoughtfulness, and passion. I'm strongly committed to the idea of raising food while conserving the environment. I've spent my past 4 years building a company out of this. Continual learning is a strong value of mine. I'm a major nerd for nature and science. I love to rock out to music naked! Anyone who know's me will say I'm passionate about many things. I started practicing yoga... but by no means am I a girly man ;) I recently moved back to CO with the hopes to own a place in the country. I've been traveling for a long time now, so I'm looking forward to being in one place. I'm running a fish farm and trying to start a greenhouse. I'm looking forward to meeting a wonderful lady to take out and be carefree! I'm an outgoing and respectful guy wishing to share a great life with an amazing woman who has her own interests. I'll appreciate your crazy side if you'll put up with mine :)
Alumni connections , Camping , Business networking , Cooking , Dining out , Fishing/Hunting , Gardening/Landscaping , Movies/Videos , Museums and art , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Nightclubs/Dancing , Performing arts , Travel/Sightseeing , Volunteering
Billiards / Pool, Cycling, Dancing, Inline skating, Martial arts, Swimming, VolleyBall, Walking / Hiking, Weights / Machines, Yoga
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
I like Birds, Cats, Dogs, Exotic Pets, Fish, Horses
I love fish. For years I would kept exotic tropical freshwater varieties at my homes. I also like dogs and cats, but my lifestyle involves me traveling for work and fun.
Lake Tahoe, Colorado, SFO, British Columbia London, Holland, Spain... anywhere the weather is great!I love theaters, aquariums, botanical gardens, and museums.
Stanford University, Stanford, CA
Dark chocolate icecream; Camping; Modest Mouse; Pink Floyd; CSNY, Marvin Gaye; Gangster rap (for real), Hiking, Count of Monte Cristo; Life Aquatic; IPAs; the beauties of nature
Obviously relax with the people I love, brewpubs, swimming, concerts, movies, dining, yoga, walks in nature. When I lived in CA, OH, and OR I would hike and bike in the woods nearly every day.
Surely You Must be Joking Mr Feynman, Flow by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Born to be Good by Dacher Keltner, The Time Traveler's Wife... I read a lot
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What he is looking for
|6'3" (190cms)
|4'10" (147cms) to 6'4" (193cms)
|Body type:
|Athletic and toned
|Slender, About average, Curvy, Athletic and toned, Full-figured, A few extra pounds
|No preference
|Light brown
|No preference
|No Way
|No Way, Occasionally
|Social Drinker
|Social Drinker
|Technical / Science / Computers / Engineering
|No preference
I started my own research and consulting company 3 yrs ago focusing on engineering environmentally sustainable food farming.
|I'll tell you later
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|Never Married
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|White / Caucasian
|White / Caucasian
My mother's a hippy
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|Graduate degree
|Bachelors degree, Graduate degree, PhD / Post Doctoral
I have a Master's in Engineering and plan to go back for a science Ph.D. when I'm old...in my 30's, haha!


text:
Property to let in Waterloo Road, Wolverhampton WV1
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£450 pcm (£104 pw)
Waterloo Road, Wolverhampton WV1Studio to rent
A well perportioned self contained studio apartment, located conveniently close to University, City Centre and local amenities. Comprises of Lounge/bedroom, with sofa bed, Kitchen with appliances, bathroom with shower and storage. Rear private car park. More details
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Wolverhampton (0.6 miles)
- Bilbrook (3.3 miles)
Marketed by Pentland Lettings, WV1. Call 01902 596023


text:
A holder for an osteosynthesis fixation device or bone plate and the screws or other mechanical fasteners for affixing the bone plate to bone matter, the holder temporarily retaining the bone plate and screws during the affixation procedure and providing guide bores to properly align the driver tool and the screws during insertion. The holder is significantly thicker than the bone plate, such that it is easily grasped and manipulated by the surgeon.
1. A bone plate to bone material affixing system comprising:
a holder comprising screw guide means temporarily retaining and aligning for proper insertion bone screws adapted to affix a bone plate to bone material, and further comprising bone plate retainer means temporarily retaining a bone plate;
a bone plate releasably mounted to said holder, said bone plate comprising screw receiving apertures to receive said bone screws; and
bone screws having screw heads, said bone screw heads being disposed within said screw guide means, wherein said screw guide means are sized such that said bone screw heads pass completely through said holder when fully inserted into said screw receiving apertures of said bone plate, whereby said bone plate is affixed to bone material by said bone screws, and further wherein said holder is removable from said bone plate when said bone plate is so affixed wherein said screw guide means comprise a plurality of bores, and wherein the diameter of said bores essentially corresponds to the diameter of said screw heads, such that said screws are frictionally retained within said bores.
2. The system of
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16. A holder device for retaining a bone plate and mechanical fasteners, whereby the bone plate may be affixed to a bone material by inserting said mechanical fasteners through said bone plate and into said bone material while said holder device is maintained in a chosen position, the device comprising:
a main body:
bone plate retainer means to temporarily retain said bone plate on said main body: and
guide means to temporarily retain and properly orient said mechanical fasteners, wherein said guide means are sized such that said mechanical fasteners pass completely through said holder device upon insertion of said mechanical fasteners into said bone plate without securing said holder to said bone plate;
said bone plate further comprising mounting apertures, wherein said bone plate retainer means comprises a plurality of mounting nubs disposed on said holder and corresponding to said mounting apertures.
17. The device of
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31. A system for affixing a bone plate to bone material comprising:
bone screws having screw heads;
a holder comprising screw guide means to temporarily retain and align said bone screws and bone plate retainer means to retain a bone plate, said screw guide means comprising a plurality of bores each having a diameter essentially equal to or greater than the diameter of said screw heads, such that said bone screw heads are not precluded from passing completely through said holder;
a bone plate releasably mounted to said holder, said bone plate comprising screw-receiving apertures corresponding in location to said bores; and
bone screws disposed within said bores whereby said bone screws are aligned to pass through said screw-receiving apertures of said bone plate wherein the diameter of said bores essentially corresponds to the diameter of said screw heads, such that said screws are frictionally retained within said bores.
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This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/528,262, filed Dec. 9, 2003, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
This invention relates generally to the field of bone osteosynthesis fixation devices, often referred to simply as bone plates, that are used to join two disconnected bone pieces, as well as associated devices or accessories. More particularly, the invention relates to holders or mounts for bone plates and bone screws, as well as to guide devices for properly locating and orienting the bone screws relative to the bone plate and the bone.
In certain operations, such as for example a craniotomy or a cranioplasty, the surgeon drills one or more holes or removes a portion of the skull to expose the brain. At the end of the surgical procedure, the removed portion of the skull is replaced and then secured to the surrounding bone material by mechanical fastening means called bone plates or neuro-plates. The bone plates extend across the kerf or gap between the skull and the removed portion, across the bone holes themselves, or across both. The plates are relatively thin, laterally extended, rigid members that are sized to span the junction between the skull flap and the cranium. Each plate contains at least two and preferably more than two screw-receiving apertures to receive preferably self-tapping or self-drilling screws, the screws being rotationally driven into the bone material comprising the cranium and flap to secure the bone plate in place. Other types of mechanical fasteners, such as rivets or tacks for example, may also be utilized. Bone osteosynthesis fixation devices may also be required in other anatomical locations, such as for example on the jaw, chin, spine or long bones. Bone plates may be of many varied configurations, such as for example, linear, curved, T-shaped, Y-shaped, triangular, rectangular, square, circular or disk-shaped. The particular configuration required is dictated by the location and type of the bone pieces to be joined.
The bone plates are usually relatively small dimensionally, and the bone screws for affixing the plates to the bone material are very tiny. For example, a representative bone plate used in cranial applications can be only about 2 cm in diameter and will be affixed with bone screws less than 5 mm in length. Because of this, handling the bone plates and screws during the fixation procedure is often difficult. The bone plates must be properly located by the surgeon and held in place by forceps or the like while the tiny screws, also held by forceps or retention means incorporated on the driver means, are inserted into screw apertures on the bone plate and then driven into the bone material. It is not uncommon for screws to be lost or dropped during this procedure, which then requires re-sterilization of the screws or replacement. In a worse case scenario, the screws may be dropped into the exposed surgical region where recovery may be difficult. Another problem with current methodology is that the screws may driven into the bone material at improper angles, reducing the effectiveness of the fixation or resulting in improper seating in the bone plate.
It is an object of this invention to provide a holder device that addresses the problems associated with known bone plate and screw fastening systems, wherein the holder device provides a means to temporarily retain both the bone plate and the bone screws during the affixation procedure, is an easily graspable member, being relatively thick in comparison to the bone plate, and provides screw guide means to insure that the screws or other type fasteners are properly oriented when inserted into the bone material.
The invention comprises a bone osteosynthesis fixation means (e.g., a bone plate) holder device or system that temporarily retains both a bone plate adapted for affixation to bone material and the bone screws or similar mechanical fasteners for securing the bone plate to the bone material, as well as providing alignment or guide means to properly orient the screws during insertion into the bone material. The bone plate may be of various configurations, including for example linear, T-shaped, Y-shaped, triangular, rectangular, square, circular or disk-shaped, and may be planar, angled, curved or contoured.
The holder device is relatively thick in comparison to the thickness of the bone plate, such that the holder may be easily grasped by the surgeon during the affixation procedure. The bone plate is releasably mounted to the bottom of the holder, preferably by mechanical interlock or press-fit means, and the screws are retained within passageways or bores accessible to the screw driving means, such as a screwdriver, from the top of the holder, the bores and screws being aligned with screw apertures disposed in the bone plate. Once the bone plate is properly located and the screws are driven to secure the plate to the bone material, the holder is removed from the bone plate.
With reference to the drawings, the invention will now be described with regard for the best mode and the preferred embodiments. In general, the invention is a bone plate holder that temporarily retains a bone plate and the mechanical fasteners for securing the bone plate to the bone, wherein the mechanical fasteners are retained within or aligned with guide passageways or bores such that the surgeon can properly position the bone plate by grasping the bone plate holder and accurately drive the mechanical fasteners through the plate and into the bone, then can easily remove the holder from the affixed bone plate.
The invention, as shown in the embodiment of
Plate retainer means 20 are provided to temporarily mount and affix the bone plate 30 to the bottom 13 of holder 10, in a manner that allows the holder 10 to be easily and quickly removed from the bone plate 30 after the bone plate 30 has been affixed to the bone. Preferably, the mounting is accomplished be a mechanical interlock, press-fit or other friction technique operating between the holder 10 and the bone plate 30, although other means and methods such as the use of an adhesive or mechanical fasteners could be utilized. Alternatively, the bone plate 30 could be temporarily secured to the holder 10 by the interlocking of the bone screws 40 within the screw apertures 31. The bone plate 30 in
The holder 10 is provided with screw or equivalent mechanical fastener guide means 50, which as shown in
In a holder 10 having a substantially thick body, as shown in
In still another alternative embodiment, as shown in
In the preferred embodiment the bone plate holder 10 is substantially rigid, but in an alternative embodiment the holder 10 is composed of a slightly flexible polymer material such the surgeon may apply compressive force against the holder 10 to flex the bone plate 30 in circumstances where the contour of the bone surface is not planar, either prior to initiating the attachment procedure or after the bone plate 30 has been properly positioned on the bone.
To use the invention, the surgeon grasps the sides 14 of the holder device 10 by hand, or by using forceps or similar means, and positions the bone plate 30 retained on the holder bottom 13 at the desired location on the bone for affixation, with the bone screws 40 being disposed on opposites sides of the junction or kerf in the bone material or sufficient distance beyond the perimeter of a bone hole. Since the screws 40 are already disposed in the guide bores 51, individual screws 40 do not need to be grasped, inserted in the bone plate 30, properly aligned and then driven. A screwdriver means is then inserted longitudinally into the guide bores 51 and each screw 40 is driven into the bone material. The guide bores 51 insure that the driver means and each screw 40 are properly oriented and aligned. With all the screws 40 fully inserted and the bone plate 30 securely affixed to the bone, the holder 10 is removed be applying sufficient retraction force to overcome the retentive force of the plate retainer means 20.
The holder 10 can also be utilized as a guide for the insertion of bone screws 40 without mounting a bone plate 30 onto the bottom 14 of the holder, since the guide bores 51 maintain the screws 40 in proper alignment during insertion.
It is contemplated that equivalents and substitutions for certain elements set forth above may be obvious to those skilled in the art, and therefore the true scope and definition of the invention is to be as set forth in the following claims.
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text:
Risk of fractures in patients with multiple sclerosis: record-linkage study
Author affiliations
1 Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics and Medical Research Council Functional Genomics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
2 Unit of Health-Care Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Citation and License
BMC Neurology 2012, 12:135 doi:10.1186/1471-2377-12-135Published: 5 November 2012
Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have been reported to be at higher risk of fracture than other people. We sought to test this hypothesis in a large database of hospital admissions in England.
We analysed a database of linked statistical records of hospital admissions and death certificates for the whole of England (1999–2010). Rate ratios for fractures were determined, comparing fracture rates in a cohort of all people in England admitted with MS and rates in a comparison cohort.
Significantly elevated risk for all fractures was found in patients with MS (rate ratio (RR) = 1.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.93-2.05)). Risks were particularly high for femoral fractures (femoral neck fracture RR = 2.79 (2.65-2.93); femoral shaft fracture RR 6.69 (6.12-7.29)), and fractures of the tibia or ankle RR = 2.81 (2.66-2.96).
Patients with MS have an increased risk of fractures. Caregivers should aim to optimize bone health in MS patients.


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Does anyone know if it is possible to implement Audio into the animation timeline? I have a music track that I would like to implement with my model
Animate 2 can add an Audio Block in the form of a .wav file. I have never done it myself, but the option is there. I don;t think you can do it from the DS4 timeline itself though.
you can use lip sync to load a wav file


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Safeguarding facilities from operational discontinuity in the event of an electrical supply interruption.
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To verify Cyber Insurance School "CIS" as an approved Pre-Licensing EXAM Preparation education provider by California Department of Insurance, See below here or, simply click on the following link, or copy paste the link below into your computer browser, or call the Dept. of Insurance for verification:
Once at the California Department of Insurance web site click SEARCH for Cyber Insurance School
Cyber Insurance School Corp.
Entering a letter or partial name of a provider and the education type provides you with an alphabetical listing of providers, business telephone numbers, toll-free telephone numbers (if any) and selecting provider for searching for courses.
|Provider Name
|Cyber Insurance School
|Education Type
|Pre-Licensing Education and Continue Education Provider
|Provider Name
|Education Type
CYBER INSURANCE SCHOOL Pre-Licensing and Continue Education
Phone: (949) 486-3333 Toll Free: 1-877-800-2822
© 2012 California Department of Insurance
Cyber Insurance School Corporation "CIS" it's an approved accredited Insurance School by California Department of Insurance in the State of California.
State Licensing courses require minimum of hours per course (minimum required attendance hours may vary) for more details on NEW License or Renewal Agent/Broker/Producer requirements please scroll beolw here.
A License applicant must obtain an attendance "Certificate of completion" CIS (Cyber Insurance School) is obligated and mandated to keep track and maintain records of your attendance per session, course and for each Class.
To learn more about California Department of Insurance Rules and Licensing requirements please see below here or contact California DOI.
California Department of Insurance
320 Capitol Mall
Sacramento, CA 95814-4309
Phone: 916-322-3555 or 800-967-9331
Fax: 916-445-5280
Website: http://www.insurance.ca.gov
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Testing Provider:
PSI Services
Hour Requirements:
An additional 12 hours of Ethics & Code must be completed for all of the above lines of insurance
Education Methods:
Certificate of Completion:
Reporting Method:
Education is reported online daily to the CDI within 10 days of course completion
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▪ Software
▪ New eBook Releases
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CATEGORIES | View all
▪ Romance
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Categories: Erotica/Erotic Fantasy/Historical Fiction
Publisher: Renaissance E Books/Sizzler | Date published: 01/01/2004
The Romance of Submission! A Magnificent Pair marries two racy tales, both set in the deliciously bawdy times of nineteenth century England. In "The Captive Bride," nubile redhead, Frederica, is raised by an unkind uncle following the tragic shipwreck which claimed the lives of her parents. Unexpectedly married off to Lord William Urquhart, a much older man, she soon discovers that the shivers elicited by an intense introduction to the pleasures of the flesh are nothing compared to the abject terror instilled by the curse of Urquhart Hall... In "His Precious Prey," become the proverbial "fly on the wall" and witness the wildly libidinous events of a less than ordinary day in the life of an English manor. This tongue-in-cheek romp is guaranteed to tickle your fancy.


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The Hunt deep-vee revolutionized powerboat design, but there's so much more to this storied company and the man who started it all back in the 1930s
Thick fog swept in fast, reducing visibility to zero. Charles Raymond Hunt II, 16, stood at the helm of a 32-foot sloop rolling in the swells of Rhode Island Sound and wondered what to do next.
Charles Raymond Hunt is born in Duxbury, Mass.
Illustration by Jim Ewing
"This boat is a thoroughbred of the purest strain. Her lines, the way she lies at a mooring, her responsiveness to tiller and trim, everything about her reveals quality and breeding."
Growing in popularity, dual consoles are versatile do-it-all boats used for fishing, water sports or just kicking back
The dual console serves today's time-strapped boaters well, providing a platform for a variety of activities and lots of deck space and seating. Run around inland waterways, bays and rivers with the smaller models, and take the 24-plus-footers offshore.
Bayliner focuses on smaller boats with a new line of dual consoles, including the entry-level Element
Bayliner has introduced four dual-console dayboats under 21 feet. The smallest is the Element.
With this 16-footer, Bayliner wants to lure newcomers to boating or bring back former boat owners, says Matt Guilford, vice president of marketing.
Page 17 of 35


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Development of iPad Application "Sound Reading"
DuToit, Ryan
Hansen, Bennett
MetadataShow full item record
SubjectiPad (Computer)--Development; Application software; Bluetooth technology; Listening comprehension
Mobile computing is a high interest topic in computer science today. The Drake University Virtual Language Studies is taking advantage of this trend by developing an iPad application. The application, "Sound Reading," is designed to assist with foreign language listening and speaking comprehension. To accomplish this, it allows a fluent speaker or instructor to create an audio recording and share it with other language learners. Many features are implemented, including audio recording and playback, dynamic text manipulation, Bluetooth data transfer, and server connectivity. Sound Reading was developed using Apple's integrated development environment, Xcode, and the code was written in the Objective-C language. The app is currently being finalized and will be submitted to the iOS App Store upon completion.
Mentor: Timothy Urness
Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
Experimental Acid Resistant Elements and Their Application in Developing an Intaglio Print Kaven, Dennis Eugene (Drake University, 1968-06)
The Violin Teaching Method Of Shinichi Suzuki In Its Theoretical And Practical Application To Music And Music Education In The United States Swanson, Steven R. (Drake University, 1965-06)
Applications Of Democratic Administration To Internal Operation Of School Systems As Reported In Professional Periodicals Holley, Lamoyne Glenn (Drake University, 1955-02)


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Yellow ribbons in Stuart show support for soldiers headed to Afghanistan
STUART — When members of the 806th Military Police Company and their families pass through Stuart en route to a pre-deployment event on Hutchinson Island, they will have little doubt as to local support for their efforts.
About 130 soldiers from Florida Army National Guard unit, headquartered in Fort Pierce, will be heading to a "Yellow Ribbon Event" at the Hutchinson Island Marriott Beach Resort on Saturday ahead of their deployment to Afghanistan, and by midweek a grassroots show of support sprouted in Stuart.
"We became aware of this, and we wanted to say to the country and these troops, 'Godspeed and have a safe return,"' said Paula Nicoletti, one of the effort's organizers.
After a quick mobilization and marshalling of forces, yellow ribbons were tied to lamp and street posts in Stuart's downtown district by Wednesday afternoon. More ribbons were added Thursday to line the Roosevelt Bridge.
City public works director Sam Amerson said city street team members and local veterans workers pitched in tying and hanging the ribbon, much of which was donated by Stuart's Country Club Florists.
Downtown shop owners and businesses also joined the effort by donating coupons and discounts that families can redeem this weekend downtown, said Rozeta Mahboubi, Martin County Convention & Visitors Bureau executive director.
Partnering with the city, the bureau assembled gift bags for the families with a welcome letter, "encouraging them to come enjoy downtown with their families before they go," Mahboubi said.
Army spokesman Lt. Richard Lenoir, speaking on behalf of Maj. Sarah McLevy, called the show of support "amazing."
The pre-deployment Yellow Ribbon Event is designed to provide outgoing troops and their families all the resources they will need while on assignment.
"A major military base has the support network right there, but Army National Guard personnel are spread out all over the state and train one weekend a month," Lenoir said.
Daylong seminars such as the one on Hutchinson Island on Saturday provide soldiers a one-stop venue to ensure their benefits are in place, resources are being utilized and families are prepared for what to expect when loved ones are overseas.
"The intent is to support the families and help reduce the stress on the soldiers so they can concentrate on their mission," Lenoir said.
A similar Yellow Ribbon Event is held for inbound returning troops to ensure their transition back to peacetime civilian life is as smooth as possible, he said.
For Stuart, the message to the troops is a bit more simple.
"We're a small, very friendly town, and this was simply a groundswell to let these troops and their families know we appreciate what they're doing," Nicoletti said.
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text: Jason Henry Hometown: Minneapolis, MN Undergraduate: University of MN- Twin Cities Medical School: University of North Dakota Plans after residency: Undecided What made you choose the University of Colorado: I wanted a program that was rigorous, but supportive throughout. When we are done with residency it's our job to be as prepared. I felt that Colorado had a good balance of rigor, but also support while we learn to become doctors. The skiing/hiking/beer drinking are all big bonuses Favorite Colorado activity: Anything outside. I have no problem wandering around and finding fun things to do. It's always nice outside. Upcoming vacation plans: Heading to Verona Italy and then the Cayman islands. While I love Colorado, a little travel never hurt anyone. If you weren't a physician you would be: Probably living homelessly. Or a baseball coach. 1 Isaac Hernandez Hometown: El Paso, TX Undergraduate: The University of Texas at Dallas Medical School: UT Southwestern Plans after residency: Either hospitalist medicine or a Heme-Onc fellowship. My true passion is to be a physician-leader, first through Quality Improvement, Patient Safety, and then bridging clinical practice with the "business" of medicine. I truly want to pursue a position in a place where I can make a broad impact on the people of the community I serve, for example somewhere like Denver Health. What made you choose the University of Colorado: Basically, my personality just meshed with the people here. I also felt that this was a place that would embrace my philosophy of questioning the status quo. And if I was going to spend some time outside of Texas, there was basically no question that all my friends would be jealous of me moving to Denver. Favorite Colorado Activity: A trifecta of trail running, skiing, and brewery tour (possibly all in one day) Favorite thing about the University of Colorado: Everyone is smart AND laid back. People here are very approachable and employ a great balance between their career and quality of life. Upcoming Vacation Plans: Hawaii with my family in the spring (but of course with skiing in between) If you weren't a physician, you'd be: A Multi-Family and Commercial Real Estate Investor (but never an actual realtor, because you have to be manic to do that job)2 Trevor Lane Hometown: Gig Harbor, Washington Undergraduate: University of Washington Medical School: University of Washington School of Medicine Plans after Residency: Pulmonary & Critical Care Fellowship Why Colorado: The residents are motivated and bright, but also down to earth and very friendly. I knew this program would challenge me, and equip me to be a versatile doctor after training in a variety of health care settings. Great mentorship and pulm/crit care. Also, Denver is a happening place, and there are ample opportunities for all sorts of excellent outdoor adventures all year round! Favorite Colorado Activity: Rad mountain biking nearby, great climbing too at the Flatirons or in Eldorado Canyon. Favorite thing about Univ. of Colorado: The supportive culture, excitement to learn shared by the housestaff, and the 4+1 system is amazing! Upcoming vacation plans: Going home for Thanksgiving, traveling to Spain to visit a real special girl in my life, also hoping to spend some time ice climbing in Ouray this winter. If you weren't a physician you'd be: A mountain climbing guide or a firefighter.3 Ana Moreno Hometown: Ridgefield, WA Undergraduate: Willamette University Medical school: University of Washington Plans after residency: I have a commitment with the National Health Service Corps to work in an underserved area after finishing residency. I hope to go back to Washington or Oregon to work in primary care in a rural access hospital or clinic. What made you choose the University of Colorado: I really liked the combination of being in a strong academic program while surrounded by a supportive group of co-residents and faculty. I also love the huge diversity of patients I get to work with in Denver, which makes every day interesting. Favorite Colorado activity: Hiking in the mountains. I'm also looking forward to trying snowshoeing this winter. Favorite thing about the University of Colorado: The primary care track is amazing! It's such a privilege to train with other people who love clinic and want to get better at the same things I do. The 4+1 schedule also really facilitates outpatient time and allows my continuity clinic to be a significant part of the residency experience. Upcoming vacation plans: Heading back home to the Pacific Northwest for a family wedding. If you weren't a physician, you'd be: A social worker.4 Lisa Sawyer Hometown: Longview, Texas Undergraduate: University of Texas at Austin. Psychology Medical school: University of Texas School of Medicine at San Antonio Plans after residency: Unsure. Currently interested in Primary Care and possibly Palliative Care. What made you choose the University of Colorado: The Primary Care track is very unique and unlike any others that I saw on the interview trail. Everyone I met during my interview was extremely nice and approachable, and this has remained true during my first month of internship. Also, Denver is amazing!! There are so many fun things going on at all times. Favorite Colorado activity: Currently hiking, but looking forward to learning how to snowboard this winter. Favorite thing about the University of Colorado: So far, the people. It is a great environment for learning and there seems to be a lot of support to help you reach your goals. Upcoming vacation plans: Heading back to Texas to float the Guadalupe River in a couple of weeks and hoping for a scuba diving trip in the Spring. If you weren't a physician, you'd be: A yoga instructor... Namaste.5 John Williams Hometown: Somewhere with long winters and hot saunas Undergraduate: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Medical school: University of Minnesota - Twin Cities Plans after residency: Pulm/critical care What made you choose the University of Colorado: Multiple hospitals, strong pulm/crit care, and close proximity to mountains. In general I had a good feeling about the place. Favorite Colorado activity: Skiing Favorite thing about the University of Colorado: Work hard, play hard mentality Upcoming vacation plans: Just got back from working at the Crossfit Games in LA; will definitely sneak a ski vacation this winter If you weren't a physician, you'd be: pursuing a career in military Spec Ops6 Amy Yu Hometown: Irving, TX (suburb of Dallas) Undergrad: Stanford University Medical School: University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Plans After Residency: Short-term: Palliative Care + Hospitalist. Long-term: Healthcare Leadership (e.g. Chief Medical Officer or maybe even some policy work!) What made me choose the University of Colorado: The Hospitalist Leadership Track. It was really important for me to find a residency that would not only train me to be an excellent internist, but also had a program in place that shared the same values I have about systems improvement and cost-effective healthcare - and this program fit that bill. It probably also helped that I got great vibe about the people and the entire IM program during my pre-interview dinner and interview day. (And honestly, who can't help but fall in love with Denver?) Favorite Colorado Activity: I'm still exploring Colorado, but I love Jazz in the Park every Sunday, hiking, dancing, and jogging. Can't wait to snowboard and night hike come winter. Favorite thing about the University of Colorado: 1. The people: not only are folks incredibly smart, but they are down-to-earth and supportive 2. The different healthcare systems (VA, University, Denver Health, PSL) and the variety of patient populations. 3. My intern class - I love the large size and how there is always someone who is game to hang out or try new things. Upcoming Vacation Plans: Heading back to Texas for a wedding + family time If I weren't a physician, I'd be: Professional Eater. Or, in Silicon Valley working at start-ups / opening up my own business.7


text:
Stupid Things Finance People Say
The Motley Fool | Posted 04.20.2014 | Business
Read More: Finance People, Financial Education, Financial News, Business, Investors, Wall Street, Investment, Finance, Slidepollajax, Business News
My job requires reading a lot of financial news. It's one of my favorite parts. But it gives me a front-row seat to the downside of financial journalism: gibberish, nonsense, garbage, and drivel. And let me tell you, there's a lot of it.
Meetings that take place between 12:01 and 1:59 should have food at them. Doesn't matter what. Who cares? Let us eat cake!


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text: Ozark Folkways Heritage Center WEBSITE ADD TO Trip Planner Offers year-round classes in the arts and regional crafts to adults and children. Gallery features handiwork of more than 50 regional craftspeople, including pottery, quilts, wood carvings and baskets. Get Directions Gas Calculator Details Website: http://www.ozarkfolkways.org Phone: 479-634-3791 Email: email@example.com Address: 22733 U.S. 71 NorthWinslow, AR 72959 Payment Accepted: VisaDiscover Card Follow: Facebook Things to Do In Winslow EXPLORE


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States are online pharmacies adopting laws meant to keep consumers in the dark about where their food comes from. Do you have a right to know where that steak on your plate came from? Should it be legal to photograph chicken farms and dairy cows? Big Agriculture says you don't and it shouldn't. Armies of …
Tag Archive: animal treatment scandel
Feb 28 2013
These laws make me want to gag
February 28, 2013
Tags: ag-gag, ag-gag animal abuse, ag-gag law, ag-gag laws, animal abuse, animal abuse law, animal abuse laws, animal abuse scandal, animal life, animal rights laws, animal treatment laws, animal treatment scandal, animal treatment scandel, big ag, Big Agriculture, can't photograph a farm animal, can't photograph an farm animal, chicken abuse, chicken treatment abuse, corporations animal abuse, corporations animals, cow abuse, cow abuse scandel, cow treatment abuse, farm animal, farm animal abuse, farm animal abuse scandel, farm animal law, farm animal photography, farm animal protection, farm animal recording, farm animals, farm workers, farms hiding animal abuse, Hallmark/Westland, hiding animal abuse, Humane Society, Humane Society animal rights, Humane Society reporting animal abuse, Kreider Farms, Kreider Farms abuse, laws agaisnt whistleblowers, National School Lunch Program, pig abuse, pig treatment abuse, these laws make me want to gag, workers hurting animals
Permanent link to this article: http://www.easttexasreview.com/these-laws-make-me-want-to-gag/
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text:
Simple Beef Steak And Kidney Pie
|Stewing steak
|1 1⁄4 Pound (600 Gram)
|Ox kidney
|8 Ounce (200 Gram)
|1 Ounce (25 Gram)
|Streaky bacon
|4 Ounce, cut into strips (100 Gram)
|1 Large, chopped
|1 Ounce (25 Gram)
|Beef stock/Stock made with a stock cube
|1⁄2 Pint (250 Milliliter)
|Worcestershire sauce
|1 Teaspoon
|Tomato ketchup
|1 Tablespoon
|1 Teaspoon
|1⁄4 Teaspoon
|Frozen puff pastry
|7 Ounce, thawed (175 Gram)
1) Clean and cut the steak and kidney into 2.5 cm (1 inch) chunks. Add flour to it and put in a polythene bag.
2) Toss the meat until the flour coats it.
3) In a pan, heat oil and fry the meat with bacon and onion. Add any additional flour remaining.
4) Keep stirring the stock and bring it to boil.
5) Pour Worcestershire sauce and ketchup. Add seasoning.
6) Cook covered on low heat for 1 1/2 to 2 hours till meat turns tender.
7) Transfer the content to an aluminium foil pie dish. Leave it aside to cool.
8) Place the pastry dough on the pie dish after rolling it. Seal the edges.
9) Serve hot.
Freeze the content after covering with foil. Before serving, take away the foil, brush some milk on the dough, and bake in a preheated oven at 220°C, 425°F, Gas Mark 7, for 30 minutes. Bake further for 20 minutes, reducing the oven temperature to moderate, 180°C, 350°F, Gas Mark 4. The pastry should be golden brown and well risen.


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Seahawk Pride in Yakima Creates Opportunity for Local Business
It's a very important weekend as Seahawks fans prepare for a big matchup against the Packers Sunday.
Seahawk fans all have different ways of showing their 12th Man pride. Some even like to show it off all over their cars, and Monster Graphics is one of the only places in our area where you can get huge, life-size car decals for your ride


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Girls, rate my body please
Hi, I'm new this forum. I'm about to start weight lifting, but I just wanted to know if you girls think I have a good body or not. Be totally... Show More
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The English Parliament meets and writes legislation that requires all Jesuits and seminary priests to leave the country within 40 days. The previous month, the arrest of Jesuit representative Father Creighton had revealed a conspiracy known as the Catholic Enterprise, collaborated in by Philip II of Spain, Governor of the Netherlands the Duke of Parma, and the Duke of Guise. Like so many previous plots, it sought to depose Elizabeth I and replace her on the throne with Mary Queen of Scots.
Please log in to consult the article in its entirety. If you are not a subscriber, please click here to read about membership. All our articles have been written recently by experts in their field, more than 95% of them university professors.