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Chip R (08-27-2013),Larkin Fan (08-27-2013)
Isn't it also Hatcher's job to make sure the runner knows how many outs there are?
...the 2-2 to Woodsen and here it comes...and it is swung on and missed! And Tom Browning has pitched a perfect game! Twenty-seven outs in a row, and he is being mobbed by his teammates, just to the thirdbase side of the mound.
Big Klu (08-27-2013),George Anderson (08-27-2013),Larkin Fan (08-27-2013),max venable (08-27-2013),OnBaseMachine (08-27-2013),reds44 (08-27-2013),RichRed (08-27-2013),Unassisted (08-27-2013)
His fellow players... Kangaroo Court please
The team I was on in 2007, in Sacramento, won the PCL title, and it was the only team Ive been on that participated in a full kangaroo court all season. Lou Merloni was our kangaroo-court judge, and I dont know that you could have a better teammate than Lou. Every time we play in Boston he comes down to the locker room to see his old teammates. Such a great guy with a fantastic sense of humor.
That season, the kangaroo-court experience really brought our team together. No one was above it, and Lou would even fine himself all the time. There were guidelines that had to be followed, and it didnt matter if you were a coach, a playeranybody that was around was a target. Wed do kangaroo courts about once a month, or maybe every six weeks, and it was just a big lift for everybody emotionally. It would carry us for a few days afterward because wed be telling stories about it, including all the funny things Lou would say. Hed always wear this tie-dye jersey that was from a promo the River Cats had once. Lou went into his closet and dug out this tie-dye jersey, and that was his judges robe, and hed find something to use for a gavel. There were rules about what you could and couldnt say, like "no cursing in the courtroom." Even when Lou himself didnt address people the right way, hed whack the gavel and say, Two bucks for me for not saying Mr. (insert name)! It was just non-stop. We got to the point where we were really filling the fine boxall fines were written down anonymously and submitted in a shoeboxjust because kangaroo court was so much fun. It got to that point that you almost couldnt get away with anything.
Larkin Fan (08-27-2013),OnBaseMachine (08-27-2013),reds44 (08-27-2013)
Kc61 (08-27-2013),Razor Shines (08-27-2013)
max venable (08-27-2013)
...the 2-2 to Woodsen and here it comes...and it is swung on and missed! And Tom Browning has pitched a perfect game! Twenty-seven outs in a row, and he is being mobbed by his teammates, just to the thirdbase side of the mound.
Board Moderators may, at their discretion and judgment, delete and/or edit any messages that violate any of the following guidelines: 1. Explicit references to alleged illegal or unlawful acts. 2. Graphic sexual descriptions. 3. Racial or ethnic slurs. 4. Use of edgy language (including masked profanity). 5. Direct personal attacks, flames, fights, trolling, baiting, name-calling, general nuisance, excessive player criticism or anything along those lines. 6. Posting spam. 7. Each person may have only one user account. It is fine to be critical here - that's what this board is for. But let's not beat a subject or a player to death, please.


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Viewers: in countries Watching now:
Join author Brian Trifon as he shows how to improve music and audio productions using virtual instruments in Logic Pro. This course tours the program's virtual instruments, including the ES2 hybrid synthesizer, Sculpture physical modeling synthesizer, EFM1 FM synthesizer, the EVOC 20 vocoder, the Ultrabeat drum synthesizer, and the EXS24 sampler, and shows how to achieve various effects with each instrument's parameters. The course also covers working with oscillators and filters, understanding signal flow, creating custom synthesizer patches, adding effects, synthesizing speech, creating a library of custom sound samples, and much more.
Virtual Instruments with Logic Pro will be updating on a monthly basis, eventually covering all the virtual instruments in the application. Look for the latest movies here and on the lynda.com blog.
Hey, I'm Brian Trifon, and welcome to Virtual Instruments in Logic Pro. In this chapter, we'll take a look at ES P. ES P is an incredible-sounding eight-voice polyphonic synthesizer that emulates the classic polysynth sounds of the '80s. ES P is great for a variety of sounds, particularly thick analog brass sounds, epic leads, and fat basses. First, we'll take a look at balancing the oscillator levels, then tweaking the lowpass filter with the Key Follow function. Next, I'll show you how to use the ADSR envelope to shape the volume of the sound, as well as how to use it to modulate the filter cutoff.
Then we'll take an in-depth look on how to use the Vibrato/Wah LFO to modulate either the pitch or the filter. We'll wrap things up by adding chorus and overdrive to thicken and saturate your sound. Let's check out a musical example. This has five instances of ES P, creating all the bass and melody and sounds, and Logic's Ultrabeat for the drums. So check it out! (music playing) So let's get started with ES P.
There are currently no FAQs about Virtual Instruments in Logic Pro.
Access exercise files from a button right under the course name.
Search within course videos and transcripts, and jump right to the results.
Remove icons showing you already watched videos if you want to start over.
Make the video wide, narrow, full-screen, or pop the player out of the page into its own window.
Click on text in the transcript to jump to that spot in the video. As the video plays, the relevant spot in the transcript will be highlighted.

subset: commoncrawl


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Hotel Highlights
- The privacy of villas teamed with personal, butler-boosted hotel service
- Tranquil garden setting near coastal Canggu, but within reach of buzzy Seminyak
- Dreamy outdoor dining and lounging, with a plethora of pools
It may be too late for Adam and Eve, but Villa Mathis hotel in Bali offers a seductive pocket of paradise, with five intimate villas scattered amid tropical gardens and pretty pools. Gourmet treats, spiritual statues and romantic nooks abound, with dreamy day-beds, lazy loungers and serene salas encouraging you to relax. Pampering butler service, privacy and proximity to beaches and boutiques put the 'p' into perfect.
Smith Extra
Here's what you get for booking Villa Mathis with us:
One-hour Traditional Massage for two


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5x8 Rust Rug Entwine - Bombay Collection
Item # BBRG0031
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DescriptionThe Bombay Rust Entwine Rug is bold in its simplicity. Chains of ivory diamond shapes on a rust background are entwined with linear design elements to make the Rust Entwine rug a fun and vibrant accent. Its all-acrylic construction promises softness and easy care.100% acrylicActual color may vary slightly from your screen
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Results 1 to 11 of 11
Thread: E3 2006!
January 21st, 2006 #1
may 10 - 12
ok, so E3 is still 4 months away, but i'm so excited about this one, because im actually going! this will be my first ever E3!
for nintendo fans it looks like this will be one hell of a show, because they will be showing everything to do with revolution. games, system, release dates, price... i.cant.wait!! : ]
ps3 too im sure, i don't follow the ps3 news but im sure they will be showing loads of games and stuff too!
so, who is going? who wants to go? who might be going?
any one else going from london/uk/europe?
this is a thread to talk about the show, get excited and then, closer to the date, organise meet ups and stuff.
» sketchbook
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- Art: Wood 2006
- Art: satisfaction 5-8-2006
- Another World - 2006
- SketchBook: :x N E W B I E ------ R ------ US -------- A K A ---- My -- S K E T C H--2006
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» blog
» website
(First rule of Pocket Club...)
Hide this ad by registering as a memberJanuary 21st, 2006 #2
Just once, i'd like to go there. Maybe if i ever get me a good enough job that'll allow me the expense].
January 24th, 2006 #3
yeah, i've been dreaming of going to E3 since i was old enough to play video games! : ]
my brother too, wish i could take him but he's 17, and you gota be 18 to enter. too bad, i'll have to take him next year : ]
anyway, theres only 105 days to go!
Last edited by cartoonfox; January 24th, 2006 at 08:21 PM.» sketchbook
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January 25th, 2006 #4Registered User
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- Dec 2005
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I have wanted to go to E3 for years. Its being held in Los Angeles right? That's a bit too far for me, but I want to go!
Kronos -Tullie -SillyLing -llothcat -dfacto -Recursive End -Advocate of Fate -Evildisco
If you always get up late, you'll never be on time --Broken Social Scene
January 25th, 2006 #5
January 28th, 2006 #6
E3 blows. Didn't get to see any of the stuff I wanted to see (did get to play Mario Kart DS, only game I got to touch). Spent most of the time getting shoved aside and run over by ravinous people. T_T Though this year, I could put aside my hatered for LA and go see the Revolution. Not sure though. :T
January 28th, 2006 #7
January 28th, 2006 #8
hey Mort, I have to ask, do you actually do artwork or are you just a fan boy that asks allot of questions?
January 29th, 2006 #9Originally Posted by Undertow
hey .
January 29th, 2006 #10
Sorry, had to ask.. all the links to your posts have no art in them. I figured that if you were going to come into a forum and start talking shit that you would at least have something to back it up
January 29th, 2006 #11Originally Posted by Undertow
dont take the nerd thing to personal dude. you get some grey hairs that way.
i like videogames too.
Last edited by Mort; January 30th, 2006 at 05:07 AM.


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George Houser
Who is the U.S. fighting? It is a ghost - eliminate Bin Laden and it won't alter the situation. The anger is still there. Look at Israel and Palestine, going on so long and continuing, responding to violence with violence. It never ends - retaliation vs. retaliation - that's what we are getting into. There is no end to it.
The pacifist position is a witness position - not something that will sweep over the world -a loving, reconciling approach but it can get you crucified. Gandhi and MLK were assassinated; Christ was crucified. Ultimately you have to be prepared for that if you stand for an ideal. Rather than non-violence taking over the world, I believe in a non-violence force. I don't believe very simply that it will take over the world. If you take that position you have to be prepared to suffer for it.
Steve Cary
I would focus on reassessment of Mid-East policy. I would greatly increase aid to the underdeveloped world where there is so much poverty.
We need to cooperate on global issues and make far more generous use of our tremendous wealth for the benefit of the human family.
From my personal perspective, if I were draft age today, I probably wouldn't accept alternative service as I did in 1941. I didn't feel I could accept prison in 1941. At age 86, I think I could go to jail with a better spirit.
Sam Yoder
It is different now than with Pearl Harbor. People were much more inclined to fight then - we were in a real war. It is awful that 6000 people died. I'm fearful that the rhetoric is a little scary. I'm afraid that one of those missiles is going to kill a lot of innocent people.
If you ask me what we should do now, I just don't know. We need to be concerned with peace and justice. In World War II, we talked about peace; we didn't use the word justice very much. Nowadays in our church we talk about justice.
David Dellinger


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1882 $2 1/2 PR63 PCGS. The 1882 Quarter Eagle had a low ...
2003 May Long Beach Signature Sale #324
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Rarely Encountered PR63 1882 Quarter Eagle1882 $2 1/2 PR63 PCGS. The 1882 Quarter Eagle had a low mintage of only 67 proofs, and it is reliably estimated today that somewhere around 32 coins may still exist. However, quite a few are impaired or show obvious impairments. The actual number of proofs has been somewhat "watered down" over the years as numerous prooflike business strikes have been sold as proofs in the past. There is certainly no doubt about this coin's status, though. The fields are deeply mirrored, as only a proof can be, and the devices display a significant amount of mint frost even though no cameo designation is noted on the insert. Each side displays rich reddish patina and there is a curious swath of haziness across the center of the obverse. Population: 2 in 63, 20 finer (1/03). (NGC ID# 2885, PCGS# 7908)
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646 comments found.
I've just purchased 'eleven' via Theme Forest. When I try to upload the theme on Wordpress it can't find the theme. I don't have any html knowledge and thought once I'd purchased it I'd be 'ready to go' as previous themes I'd uploaded via Wordpress.
Hi, the process is mainly the same – only you need to set as front page a page using Responsive Template for more info see the video screencast. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tt7MB-I1DBs If you still have issue open a ticket on ticksy with your credentials and we'll set up the theme fore you. Thanks.
Hi there! Just purchased this theme and I like it so far, but i've got a problem. I changed from full-slider to layerslider, but somehow there's a white frame around the image (after I changed, this frame is not when I use full-slider!). And also, the image has a wrong resolution. But i can't find any options for frame/size.
Well, I just found the solution for the frame (layerslide genreal options -> skin: noskin). But the picture is still in a strange resolution, looks like it's also zoomed in somehow.
Hi, pass us a link with your installation and credentials on ticksy to have a look. Thanks.
I'm nearly done with my site using the Eleven theme, and all of a sudden when I make a change to a section and hit save, it tells me that 'Sections failed to save or not changed.'
I first noticed this when I tried unchecking the 'Use Pattern Above Separators' box, but now even when I try and change content I'm getting this error.
Any help?
Hi Erich, answered on ticksy. Thanks.
Hello. I've been trying to input the correct coordinates for my map. In doing so, the map has completely disappeared. LOL.
What did I do wrong or … what do you recommend I do to fix it?
Hi everybody and Happy New Year
I have a question about the blog section :
Can we integrate the Blog section in the website. I mean, if you click on "blog", don't go on a new web page, and just stay on the main site ?
I hope I've been clear Thank for your reply.
Best regards Alexis
Yeag great ! It's awesome, I like it. Can you tell me more on this next update ?
Hi, should be out this month. Small bug fixes and modification, mail chimp plugin support with custom form, smooth scroll, video suport for separators, new menu on mobile, parallax section adjustments (position, size), full width page template, gray map color variation, masonry blog index shortcode, FA 4.02 update, etc . Thanks.
Ok nice I'm impatient to see that ! Thanks
Hy, In the "SERVICE" section on your template, is it possible to put a picture or change the actual logos which are on the left of "create project", "online support", "client delivering" and "discover ideas" ? hoping it is possible and if you can explain me how to make it. Happy new year and waiting for your answer. Thanks Morgane
Hi, if you are reffering to the element from screenshot http://screencast.com/t/9blWJWTB1weq , you can use a Font Awesome icon for it, or a image you upload to \images\services. The syntax for each option is in documentation. Thanks.
Hi, - Could you explain me how can I change some words which are in english for the moment and I will need to translate them in French, for exemple "All project" in the porfolio section or "home" in the content/slider ? I was able to make it for the rest of the words following but not those one. - I was able to change through the "apparence" theme option the grey veil in front of the image slider, by agreeing "don't use pattern above home section". How can I take this veil off the other pictures I have transfer in the "separator" section? - After downloading our Twitter account, [twitter-feed account="@LImproviste77" limit="8"] as explained in the documentation, the unit appears but not the tweets. it is normal? Thanks in advance for your answers and I am waiting for them. Best regards, Morgane
Hi Morgane. 1. To translate these string you need to edit the files directly – templateresponsive.php and class.shortcode.php – and locate the lines containing those word (i can give you exact location on ticksy). 2. In Site section area you should have and option dont use use pattern over separator. 3. Insert the Twitter id without @ Thanks. – if you have other question you can also contact us on Ticksy.
Quick question: I can't seem to find where to edit the fill-in form under the contact section… where can you edit the fields?
Great theme btw!
Hi, you can't edit the fields in built contact form (you can , but only by code editing ). I suggest to use the free Contact Form 7 plugin and follow this FAQ – http://clapat.ticksy.com/faq/1736 . With CF you can modify/add fields as you want. Thanks.
Great, thanks for your help!
Hi, Is there any RTL files included?
Hi, no. Thanks.
i want video in home screen with menu in down as shown in demo, how can i achieve it
Hi, please have a look over this screencast. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DQ8CBP9T6NA Thanks.
Very nice and functional theme ! I have a question: the maximage JS plugin does not seem to work on Android 3.1 default browser. The result is that on these devices, the homepage slider keeps blocked on the loading gif image, and no image loads. Is there a workaround on this issue?
Hi, we don't have any Androi 3 devices to test it – You should try layer slider (included in package) to see if works on your device. Thanks.
Hi there!
How can I hide the number in a progress bar? When I built a progress bar with 80% for example, I just want the bar to appear, not (80%) as text with it.

'.$content.'

Thanks.
thanks very much, worked perfectly.
Hi it's me again!
How can I make my images in layered sliders undraggable? I know that the normal html command is "draggable= false", but in the options of layered sliders I just find the option to insert a custom css.
Hi, give us a link on ticsky and acces to your instalation – also more info on what you want to achieve. http://clapat.ticksy.com/ . Thanks.
is it wordpress 3.8 compatible ?
Hi, we have customer using it with 3.8 – no problems reported yet. Thanks
hi ive purchased the above theme and am completly lost when i unzipped my theme file I couldnt find any of the folders that are in the online tutorials , can you tell me what I am doing wrong ? I've used themes before with no problems
Hi, just check that you have downloaded the corect package. http://screencast.com/t/ixrDnqkRKBy , also check our video tutorial for install. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tt7MB-I1DBs . If you still have problems we can install it for you. Thanks.
yep downloaded correct package and that tutorial is too out of focus to see what the user is doing . Can you refund my payment please ?
sorry just figured out my mistake please ignore the last comment
Hi, no problem. Also the tutorial is full hd (1920×1200) – you need to change youtube video quality http://screencast.com/t/wfaHS8abWVK . If you have any other question let us know (on ticksy or here). Thanks.
Whats with the weird resizing of portfolio images on mobile?
Fixes please?
Hi, what device(resoulution) are you using ? are you reffering to porftolio thumbnails or modal images? Please open a ticket on clapat.ticksy.com with your url / screenshot etc. Thanks.
In the portfolio section, how can I change the text on the button "all projects", it doesn't seem to be in the language pack. In which file do I look?
Hi, for this you need to edit it manually – edit class.shortcode.php file located in Clapat folder of your theme installation, locate this code

All Projects
 around line 300 - and replace All Projects with your text. Thanks.
To much problems if you use this theme in Spanish lenguaje. What is the solution to use correctly for example: "Ñ" or "ó"?
Hi, one solution is to put content into a page and place that page where you need it via page slug shortcode. If you are using for shrortcodes (our-team, portfolio) or for menu we already include a fix for it in upcoming update. Thanks.
Can we import any archive to have the same "Site sections" structure of your demo? Where can y see that structure? This section is really to difficult to define like de demo…
Hi, to replicate the section structure of demo – just import the settings – see this video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tt7MB-I1DBs If you have troubles – i can easily import / setup the theme for you. Thanks.
Hi, I have a trouble to edit the css file in Wordpress interface. When I try to edit style.css, the website automatically switch me to the login page of wordpress. Everytime… Could you help me please? have you heard about this problem before? many thanks.
Hi, you should edit the style.css file located in CSS folder. Also if you need only small modification you can use CSS overide box from Theme Option Panel. Thanks.
When I add a new Client, the image has a maximum width of 140px. How can I change this? I want to display logos that have widths up to 300px. Bigger logos than 140px are always cropped to 140px.
Hi, you should adjust the client div width – line 409 / line 419 (for hover effect) on your style.css line located in CSS folder , or via CSS Override box from Theme Option Panel. Thanks.
well i figured that, but thanks! but its not the solution i'm searching for. now die client div has a bigger width. but the img inside it still remains smaller
Hi, please open a ticket with your url info, http://clapat.ticksy.com/ and the larger logo image uploaded to have a look. Thanks
Hello ClaPat,
I've purchased this item a while ago, everything works like a charm. Untill today! The portfolio items ain't loading?! Check www.smaac.nl to see the problem. I don't know how but they just ain't loading… Maybe because of the last update? Can u help me out here… Thanks!
Hi, please first try and disable the plugins you are using, refresh your permalinks settings and check again. If the problem remains open a ticket on ticksy with access to your installation. Thanks.
Hmm I disabled all plugins, after that i enambling all plugins again; now everything works… I still don't know how i solved this issue?
Hi,if you have issues again try and disabled it one at a time. Thanks.
oke thanks!


text:
Staff profile
College of Science, Health and Engineering
La Trobe Rural Health School
Department of Rural Nursing and Midwifery
Judith Lumley Centre
- E: firstname.lastname@example.com
RN, RM, Cert. Critical Care, PG Dip PH (Child and Family Health Nursing), MHSc, PhD candidate.
Membership of professional associations
MRCNA, ANMF, MCaFHNA, Victorian Association of Maternal & Child Health Nurses, Nursing Network on Violence Against Women International
Area of study
Brief profile
Leesa completed her general nurse training with the Northern District School of Nursing (Bendigo) in 1989. She then moved to Melbourne where she has had a number of clinical nursing roles in several hospitals while doing training to expand her clinical skills. On completing her Critical Care Nursing and Midwifery programs in 1993 she returned to work in rural hospitals in North/central Victoria. In 1998, on completing her Post Graduate Diploma in Public Health (Child & Family Health Nursing) she then took on the role of Maternal & Child Health Nurse (and Nurse Immuniser) with LGA & health services in rural Victoria and Queensland. In late 2009, she commenced working as a Lecturer in Nursing with La Trobe University Bendigo. Her research focus includes Women's Health, Maternal & Child Health Nursing and Intimate Partner Violence.
Research interests
Women's Health
- Intimate partner violence
Teaching units
- Undergraduate BN subjects
- Post Graduate Diploma Midwifery
- Post Graduate Child, Family & Community Nursing Masters Program at LTU
Recent publications
Hooker, L, Samaraweera, N, Agius, P & Taft , A. Intimate partner violence and the experience of motherhood: secondary data analysis of factors associated with a poor experience of motherhood. (under review)
Taft , A., Hooker, L., Humphreys, C., Hegarty, K., Walter, R., Adams, C., . . . Small, R. Maternal and child health nurse model of screening and care for recent mothers experiencing domestic violence (MOVE): a cluster randomised controlled trial (under review).
Hooker, L., Small, R., Humphreys, C., Hegarty, K., & Taft, A. Applying Normalization Process Theory to understand implementation of a family violence screening and care model in Maternal & Child Health nursing practice: a mixed method process evaluation of a randomised controlled trial. Implementation Science (accepted 10th March, 2015).
Hooker, L. Enhancement needed: Women's Health Care and the Victorian Maternal and Child Health Service. Australian Journal of Child and Family Health Nursing. Letter to the Editor (accepted 7th March, 2015).
Hooker, L., & Taft, A. (2013). Screening for intimate partner violence in health care settings is a contested arena. Australian Nursing and Midwifery Journal, 21(5), 22.
Hooker, L., Ward, B., & Verrinder, G. (2012). Domestic Violence Screening in Maternal & Child Health nursing practice: a scoping review. Contemporary Nurse, 42 (2), 198-215.
Hooker, L. (2011). The relevance of the 63rd Annual United Nations conference, 'Advance Global Health; Achieve the MDGs' to maternal and child health practice in rural Victoria. Australian Journal of Child & Family Health Nurses, 8 (1), 17-19.
Conference presentations
Hooker, L. (2014, October18). Sustainable FV screening and MCH nurse care. Maternal & Child Health Nurse Victoria Inc annual conference. Melbourne, Vic.
Hooker, L. (2014, September 17/18). Using Normalization Process Theory to facilitate sustainable practice change: the MOVE randomised controlled trial of Maternal and Child Health nurse screening and care for women experiencing family violence. 2nd Biennial Australian Implementation Conference. Solving Complex Implementation Problems. Sydney, NSW.
Hooker, L. (2014, July). Sustainable Primary Health Care: the MOVE trial of Maternal and Child Health nurse screening for family violence. Primary Health Care Research Conference- Integrating knowledge exchange to improve primary health care outcomes. Canberra, ACT.
Hooker, L. (2013, Dec). Strengthening Maternal & Child Health nursing practice for vulnerable families. La Trobe Rural Health School Higher Degree Research Festival. Bendigo, Vic.
Taft, A. & Hooker, L. (2013, June). The MOVE randomised controlled trial of Maternal and Child Health nurse screening for family violence. 19th Nursing Network on Violence Against Women International (NNVAWI). Vancouver, Canada.
Hooker, L. (2013, May). Improving connections: The MOVE trial of Maternal and Child Health nurse screening for family violence. 5th National Biennial Conference of the Maternal, Child and Family Health Nurses Association (MCaFHN), Canberra, ACT.
Taft, A. & Hooker, L. (2012, July ).Preventing and reducing family violence against mothers and their infants: The MOVE randomised controlled trial of good practice in maternal and child health nursing care. 12th Australian Institute of Family Studies Conference. Melbourne, Vic.
Peddle, M., Deacon-Crouch, M & Hooker, L. (2011, September). Impact of simulation learning on technical, non technical and procedural skills of second year nursing students. SimHealth 2011. Innovation, education, research. Patient Centred Simulation. Sydney, NSW.
Peddle, M., Deacon-Crouch, M & Hooker, L. (2011, May). Impact of simulated learning on technical, non technical and procedural skills of second year nursing students. Poster presentation. Asia Pacific Meeting on Simulation in Healthcare. Hong Kong.
Hooker, L. (2011, May). Screening for Domestic Violence in Maternal & Child Health. Poster presentation. 4th Biennial National Conference of the Australian Maternal, Child & Family Health Nurses. Gold Coast, QLD.
Hooker, L. (2011, February). Screening for Domestic Violence in Victoria: Scoping the literature on Maternal & Child Health Nurse Practice. Presented at the 17th International Conference of the Nursing Network on Violence Against Women, Auckland, New Zealand.
Hooker, L. (2010, October). Screening for Domestic Violence in Rural Victoria. Presented at the La Trobe Rural Health School Showcase of Research and Teaching, Bendigo, Vic.
Research projects
ANROWS research project. Domestic and family violence and parenting: mixed method insights into impact and support needs.
Mother & Child Health Research -Improving maternal and child health care for vulnerable mothers (MOVE)
Judith Lumley Centre- MOVE 2- Improving maternal and child health care for women experiencing violence- 2 year follow up study.


text:
- 956Promote
Untitled 20110625p (Cloudscape)by Tchmo
Using 100% woven polyester, these premium quality area rugs boast an exceptionally soft touch and high durability. Available in three versatile sizes (2' x 3', 3' x 5', 4' x 6') they are the perfect accent to any room in your home, featuring thousands of designs from your favorite artists on a subtle chevron pattern. Machine washable; non-skid pad not included.
"Clouds fascinate me because they can be both beautiful and ominous at the same time" tchmo
I concur with Chroma awesome!!
I think this is terrific on the iPhone!
Wow! Thank you for all your comments
so beautiful!
so beautiful
sooooooo beautiful well done : )
absolutely beautiful!
love the phone case!
Thank you everyone for all your kind comments :)
I found this on ELLEgirl's website for top '20 iPhone Cases for the Fashionista!' http://ellegirl.elle.com/teen-fashion...
Hi Leah, thanks for sharing the link. I saw one of your cases there too - awesome!
Beautiful? Amazing!
So vivid and beautiful!
Thank you Tammy :) Thank you Megan :)
this is lovely!
Thank you Maria :)
Does it come front & back? Or?
I heart your art! xx
wow, great!!!
Lovely colors!
Beautiful colors~ Nice work!
Thank you guys! :)
awesome work! love it!
Thank you very much
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I'm so ready to have my water birth experience, but this big fish seems happy to be in my very small pond. I have braxton hicks, but nothing serious. Not even a false alarm. I don't want to get induced, but at the rate I'm going. I doubt he'll come on his own in 2weeks. Is this normal for FTM? Am i just restless?
Merman seems happy in my fish bowl. 39+6 weeks (vent?)
I'm so ready to have my water birth experience, but this big fish seems happy to be in my very small pond. I have braxton hicks, but nothing serious. Not even a false alarm. I don't want to get induced, but at the rate I'm going. I doubt he'll come on his own in 2weeks. Is this normal for FTM? Am i just restless?
I remember CRYING at my 40w appt thinking the baby would never come. My midwife was very reassuring that the baby can't stay in there forever and you won't be pregnant forever! The baby WILL come! First, I'd like to say that no amount of experience, even and ultrasound, can measure a baby's weight accurately. It is a guess! Your baby could come out weighing 6.5 pounds... no one REALLY knows. Don't get hung up on the idea that you're going to have a 10 pound-er, it's just silly to even tell women that... At some point that baby will send a message to your brain saying "Hey mommy, I'm ready to come" at which point your labor WILL start! Also, since you are a FTM, changes of you going over are greater. One lesson this is teaching you is patience... which is something you will need the rest of your life raising this child! My best advice is to relax and feel confident that baby will come when their ready. Stress prolongs things, relaxation, confidence and comfort brings a baby. Think of this: animals can go into labor and freeze it the second they sense danger. Some can even pull the baby back in to escape danger and run away! You need the mindset that you are safe and everything is ok! HTH!
Kelly and Seth '04
Raising 3 Nature Lovers: Adalyn 6, Elizabeth 4, Eden Claire 3
Home Birth Planned early July 2013!
Hugs to you and it's not just you being a FTM. I am on baby #2 and due next Sat, have been having major signs of labor...crazy properly timed contractions for days on end since 32 weeks but they eventually stop and don't get more painful. I am dialated to a 4 & 50% effaced, lost my mp...etc. etc. DH and I have been expecting for me to go into labor "any day now" for 3 weeks due to all this as well as when DD was born but yet here I am! I totally understand what you are going through and agree with pp that we need to just relax and remember that in reality they can't stay in there forever!! :-)
It's going to be OK!! You're days are numbered as a pregnant woman even if it seems like it is forever away.
At 40 weeks I had NOTHING going on. no contractions, no weird discharge, I didn't feel like my baby had "dropped", no indications of labor whatsoever.
Four days later, WHAM, there was labor and a baby 9 hours later.
You just never know.
Oh and he was 9lbs7oz so he was plenty large and came out without any problem so don't fear the big baby! Water labor/birthing can really help you manage and also spend some time on spinningbabies.com because optimal positioning is ideal for a big baby and also to get labor started!
Henry 9/09
Clayton 5/29/13 born at home
I can completely understand why some would choose an induction just to get off the crazy train. Stay strong and confident... Fake it until you make it... It's just one of the many times you'll "stay strong" for your LO's benefit. 😊
Experience in: being Catholic, NFP, HB, BF, CD, EC, & having opinions :)
With my son 40 weeks came and went with nothing. Closed tightly, no contractions. 41 weeks, 42 weeks passed with nothing. When labor started it was subtle at first and it was perfect, within 14 hours I had a baby. He came at 42.5 weeks. He was a tall 8 lb boy. He was perfect and he was alert. He was a pro at nursing and he has never had any health problems. He came when he was ready, your baby will, too. Promise.
I'm a rocket ship on my way to Mars.


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Results 1 to 6 of 6
Thread: human clock
January 22nd, 2005 #1
human clock
pretty neat
- Similar Threads
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Hide this ad by registering as a memberJanuary 23rd, 2005 #2
January 23rd, 2005 #3
Pretty cool imo. We have something similar on some randomly placed old iMacs at school. Only you see all the digits, hours, minutes and seconds. Every time a digit changes it's beeing crumpeld and written by hand real fast. It's fun to watch, but shit to use .
"It's too bad she won't live! But then again, who does?"
January 23rd, 2005 #4
is this what you're talking about?
yea, pretty neat, these people have a lot of time to mess around haha
January 25th, 2005 #5
Yeah, like that, dunno if it's the same one, prolly is.
"It's too bad she won't live! But then again, who does?"
January 25th, 2005 #6
Yea Floris it's the one from your school, I also saw it It's from the webwizzard from http://www.yugop.com He has more ingenious shit like that, pretty cool, check it out.
View my portfolio website!
CA Sketchbook Don't be shy and drop by!


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SALCHA -- An Alaskan who wants to become a veterinarian faces a tough choice. Colleges of veterinary medicine are all out of state. Slots for the programs are limited. And out-of-state tuition for the four-year degree ranges between $234,000 to over $300,000, twice as much as it is for in-state students.
"The best bet is to declare residency in the state where you're attending," said Arleigh Reynolds, the current Fur Rendezvous mushing champion and a veterinarian himself. "That means you give up Alaska residency and the benefits that go with it."
Reynolds hopes to see that change next year when a proposed program at University of Alaska Fairbanks will begin to offer a veterinary program for in-state students.
The program, the first of its kind in Alaska, will allow students to take the first two years of courses at home, where in-state tuition will be $27,000 -- a number that looks big but is standard, even on the low end, for such programs around the country.
For the final two years they'll switch to the program at Colorado State University in Fort Collins. Whether Alaskan students will be able to get a reduced rate from Colorado, similar to the WWAMI program for medical degrees, is still being worked out. But, Reynolds said, at the very least the Alaska student will only have to pay out-of-state tuition for two years rather than four.
Reynolds, who will run the program, said the idea was presented to UA regents four years ago. Cost was a major consideration. The annual cost of operating a full four-year program would be $100 million. But for the two-year feeder program the price tag will be between $1.1 and $1.4 million.
The program will have the benefit of small classes, Reynolds said, because it will be limited to 10 students in the first year. The staff will include a large animal veterinarian, an anatomist, pathologist and internal medicine specialist. If all goes as planned, the first classes will take place in the fall of 2015.
Dogs as 'sentinels'
Originally from upstate New York, Reynolds got his veterinary degrees from Cornell University. His Ph.D topic was nutrition in sled dogs.
"I'd always been an endurance athlete," he said. "I started coming to Alaska to lecture, worked with Rick Swenson and Susan Butcher, and finally decided it would be fun to race myself. I wrote proposals to five dog food companies for grants to let me study these athlete animals and the best offer came back from Purina. Now I've spent the last 15 years in Alaska.
In 2001 he and his wife Donna, moved to a dry cabin (no running water) off the Old Richardson Highway south of Fairbanks. They've raised -- or are still raising -- six children there. Today, they have a beautiful log home with all the amenities, decorated by trophies from Reynolds' hunting trips and mushing victories.
Next to the house is a lot with 70 dogs. A contraption resembling a merry-go-round lets them exercise even when there's no snow. A big shed contains bags of stored Purina Dog Chow, warm quarters for "retired" dogs, an office with Reynolds' diplomas and autographed photos of his Alaska mushing mentor, Roxy Wright-Champaine. There's also a lab where dogs can be examined and blood samples drawn.
Reynolds' research goes beyond finding the best high-protein/high-fat formula for maximizing endurance and performance in-sprint racing dogs. Reynolds said dogs provide "sentinel models" for people living in the north. How a dog reacts to short days and cold weather can tell us something about how humans will react.
Through blood samples, he determined that dogs at the mouth of the Yukon River had a higher mercury content than those upriver. The dogs live largely on subsistence fish, which also make up a big part of the diet for people along the river.
He also found that for dogs the stress of agreeable exercise is better than the stress of travel or going to the vet. "It's a non-invasive form of stress; the dog likes doing it," he said, which for some reason improves a dog's immune system and how well it responds to vaccines.
Other research done right in his dog lot indicated a benefit of exercise. While some of the dogs snooze for most of the summer, others are exercised regularly. After a forest fire blackened the skies around Salcha, Reynolds discovered that his exercised dogs had levels of the "free radical" nitric oxide (NO) 10 times lower than in the idle dogs.
Free radicals are associated by some scientists with autoimmune diseases and cancer. They occur naturally in bodies but increase with smoking or pollution -- like a forest fire. The dogs had all breathed the same smoke-laden air for the same time, but the level of nitric oxide in their blood varied by a whopping 1,000 percent.
Reynolds said the conclusion was obvious. Toxic pollution can affect whole populations, but "If you're in good shape ahead of time, your body will handle it better."
No shortage of students
Fifty years ago, a Massachusetts veterinarian stunned Alaska mushers by winning several world championships at the Fur Rendezvous races.
"Roland Lombard changed how people thought about the dogs," Reynolds said. "Before him people assumed that if a dog was thirsty he'd just take a bite of snow; Lombard watered his dogs because he knew that eating the snow would cause dehydration, and proper hydration is crucial for athletes. He paid attention to foot care. He really revolutionized mushing."
Today's racing dogs receive a level of care and attention unknown to the freight teams of yore. Mushing is as much a science as a sport. With intense media coverage of long-distance races, the connection between sled dogs and Alaska's culture has never been stronger.
Yet every single veterinarian working in Alaska was trained Outside.
The UAF-Colorado State collaboration will be a big step toward changing that. Reynolds said there's no shortage of potential students.
"I was speaking to 70 kids at a school in Anchorage and asked who would be interested in becoming a vet," he said. "Every single hand went up."
Veterinary medicine is also attractive to adults who are looking for a career change, he said.
When it comes to how much an animal doctor gets paid, Alaska is somewhat on the low end. The VIN Foundation, a non-profit group that promotes veterinary training, says the average annual income of a veterinarian in Alaska is between $80,000-$86,000. In Hawaii, Florida, New York and several other states it starts at $100,000.
Coupled with the low population of much of the state, the result is that vast stretches of Alaska have no ready access to veterinary services.
Reynolds hopes the new program may help ease that shortage by giving some students from the bush a grounding in animal medicine, perhaps the same students who go back to staff village clinics.
"I'd like to see a rural service," he said, "to provide parts of the state with services that aren't there now."
Reach Mike Dunham at email@example.com or 257-4332.
By MIKE DUNHAM


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500-game winner Majerus, 64, dies of heart failure
Associated Press | December 1, 2012 | Updated: December 1, 2012 9:45pm
Photo By Jeff Roberson/STFFILE - In this Jan. 14, 2009, file photo, Saint Louis coach Rick Majerus stands on the sidelines during the first half of an NCAA college basketball game against Massachusetts in St. Louis. Majerus, the jovial college basketball coach who led Utah to the 1998 NCAA final and had only one losing season in 25 years with four schools, died Saturday, Dec. 1, 2012. He was 64. (AP Photo/Jeff Roberson, File)
LOS ANGELES - Rick Majerus, the jovial college basketball coach who led Utah to the 1998 NCAA final and had only one losing season in 25 years with four schools, died Saturday. He was 64.
Utah industrialist Jon Huntsman, the coach's longtime friend, confirmed in a statement released through the Salt Lake Tribune that Majerus died of heart failure in a Los Angeles hospital. The coach had been hospitalized there for several months.
Players remembered Majerus as a coach who was exacting and perhaps a bit unorthodox at times, but always fair.
"It was a unique experience, I'll tell you that, and I loved every minute of it," said Saint Louis guard Kyle Cassity. "A lot of people questioned the way he did things, but I loved it. He'd be hard as hell on you, but he really cared."
Saint Louis announced Nov. 19 that Majerus wouldn't return because of the heart condition. He ended the school's 12-year NCAA Tournament drought last season and bounced back from his only losing season with a team that won its opening game and took top regional seed Michigan State to the wire. The Billikens were ranked for the first time since 1994-95.
Majerus was undergoing evaluation and treatment in California for the ongoing heart trouble, and the school announced he was on leave in late August.
Majerus was 95-69 in five seasons at Saint Louis and had a 25-year record of 517-216. He had his most success at Utah, going 323-95 from 1989-2004. He was at Marquette from 1983-86 and Ball State from 1987-89.


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The case for Tim Duncan as a top five player of all time
Tim Duncan's fifth championship doesn't elevate him among the all-time greats, a spot he's occupied for a good decade. Rather, it underscores everything he's brought to the table since joining the Spurs in 1997 — draft Duncan, and provide him with the necessary help through good coaching and management, and you'll contend for championships for nearly two full decades. [Read More]
Tim Duncan at 36 — a statistical perspective
How does Tim Duncan measure up with a selection of other Hall of Fame big men who were still playing at 36? Or rather, how they measure up with him? [Read More]


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Doctor Who: Podshock
Doctor Who: Podshock - The longest running Doctor Who podcast.
Doctor Who: Podshock Interviews Georgia Moffett
Georgia Moffett being interviewed during the live on stage recording of Doctor Who: Podshock 187 at Gallifrey 21 in Los Angeles, CA.
Photo by Eric Escamilla @Bullitt33
See Doctor Who: Podshock Live at I-CON 29
Join Doctor Who: Podshock live at I-CON 29 on Sunday, March 28, 2010 at 2pm (EDT) in Stony Brook, NY.
Doctor Who: Podshock returns to the annual New York science fiction, fact, and fantasy convention this spring for another live show. I-CON is back at the SUNY Stony Brook University again this year with invited Sarah Douglas, Ronald D. Moore, Charisma Carpenter, Tony Todd and more.
Writer for IDW Publishing's Doctor Who comic book series, Tony Lee will be joining us via the net from the UK.
Hosts Ken Deep and Louis Trapani will be there in person and James Naughton via the net in the UK recording an upcoming episode of Doctor Who: Podshock at the convention (location: Harriman 112). Possible in-person guests TBA.
Doctor Who: Podshock - Episode 187
"Look over there! On the other side of your galaxy, that's home."
Doctor Who: Podshock - Episode 187
Running Time: 1:34:32
Live on Stage at Gallifrey 21 with special guests: Georgia Moffett, Andrew Hayden-Smith, John Fay, Louise Page, Daphne Ashbrook, Yee Jee Tso, and walk-on by Gary Russell. Recorded live at Gallifrey Blackjack 21 on the 28th of February 2010 in Los Angeles, CA.
Hosted by Ken Deep, James Naughton, and Louis Trapani
Doctor Who: Podshock 187 Cover
Cover art for Doctor Who: Podshock 187 - Recorded Live on Stage at Gallifrey 21. Our two surprise guests Daphne Ashbrook and Yee Jee Tso join us on the cover art for this episode.
Photo by Eric Escamilla @Bullitt33
TARDIS courtesy of Tara Wheeler
A View from the Stage
A view from on stage looking at half the audience during Doctor Who: Podshock's live recording of Doctor Who: Podshock 187 at Gallifrey 21 on the 28th of February 2010. At the time Andrew Hayden Smith and Georgia Moffett were being interviewed.
Photo by Eric Escamilla @Bullitt33
Gallifrey 21 AudioBoos
For those that follow me on Twitter, may know that I sometimes use AudioBoo to record short audio reports while on the road. It is usually while attending a conference or convention or some other event, though not limited to such. (If you want to know more about AudioBoo, back in 2008, I posted this blog about AudioBoo: Boo! AudioBoo! Mini Mobile Podcasting!)
This year's Gallifrey One convention (Gallifrey Blackjack 21) was no exception.
Doctor Who: Podshock 186 Cover
Cover art for Doctor Who: Podshock 186. Photos by Eric Escamilla and Rachel McCauley.
Doctor Who: Podshock 185 Cover
Cover art for Doctor Who: Podshock 185 - our Half-Time Special Show reporting on Gallifrey 21.
TARDIS courtesy of Tara Wheeler
Doctor Who: Podshock - Episode 184
"You can't rule the world in hiding. You've got to come out on the balcony sometimes and wave a tentacle."
Doctor Who: Podshock - Episode 184
Running Time: 0:39:46
A special episode recorded at our Doctor Who: Podshock Meet and Greet at Gallifrey 21 on Thursday, 25 February 2010 in Los Angeles, CA with Meet and Greet attendees including: Eric Escamilla, Joshua Lou Friedman, Lewis Bailey, Tara Wheeler, Kevin Roche, David Wheeler, Keefe and Cathy O'Neill, Pam Richardson, Lanaia DuBose, Ed Comstock, Samantha Rosz, James Naughton, and others.
Doctor Who: Podshock 184 Cover
Cover art for Doctor Who: Podshock 184 - a special episode recorded at our Meet and Greet at Gallifrey 21 in Los Angeles, CA.
Doctor Who: Podshock - Episode 183
"I'm not suprised. They gave up teaching that some two thousand years ago, even on Gallifrey."
Doctor Who: Podshock - Episode 183
Running Time: 1:44:12
Our annual Gallifrey One preview show previewing Gallifrey 21, plus Who Party Toronto update, the Germany Report with Graeme Sheridan, and more.
Hosted by Louis Trapani, James Naughton, Ken Deep, and Mike Doran
Graeme Sheridan
Graeme Sheridan, "The Germany Report" Guy
Graeme was born in Lanark, Scotland in 1972 and has been a Doctor Who fan for as long as he can Remember, his first memory being Tom Baker in Genesis of the Daleks.
After serving in the British Army for 13 years, serving in places such as Kosovo, Bosnia, Germany, and Canada. He settled in Germany due to slightly better job prospects, and squeezes in podcasting between security duties. He is responsible for "The Germany Report" section of Doctor Who: Podshock, and heads up two podcasts of his own, Professor How the "Doctor Who Parody" Podcast and B-movie invasion "The Classic Sci-fi Podcast" both available on iTunes.
Correspondent Graeme Sheridan
"The Germany Report" guy - Correspondent for Doctor Who: Podshock, Graeme Sheridan
A New Video Intro to Our Doctor Who: Podshock Second Life Meet Up
Once again, Victor1st put together a new video introducing people to our Gallifreyan Embassy / Doctor Who: Podshock Second Life Meet Up coming up on the 20th of February.
Doctor Who: Podshock - Episode 182
"Before I go, I just want to tell you: You were fantastic. Absolutely fantastic. And do you know what?… So was I!"
Doctor Who: Podshock - Episode 182
Running Time: 1:59:23
The Parting of the Ways reviewed (again), Gallifrey 21 Update, news, and more.
Hosted by Louis Trapani, James Naughton, Ken Deep, and Cat @FancyFemBot


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Page 1
Session F1C
Simple Type Theory:
Simple Steps Towards a Formal Specification
William M. Farmer
Department of Computing and Software
McMaster University
1280 Main Street West
Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1
Martin v. Mohrenschildt
Abstract - Engineers, particularly software engineers, need
to know how to read and write precise specifications.
Specifications are made precise by expressing them in a
formal mathematical language. Simple type theory, also as
known as higher-order logic, is an excellent educational
and practical tool for creating and understanding formal
specifications. It provides a better logical foundation for
specification than first-order logic and is a better intro-
ductory specification language than industrial specification
languages like
VDM-SL and
recommend that simple type theory be incorporated into the
undergraduate engineering curriculum.
Z. For these reasons, we
The creation and use of specifications is fundamental to
engineering practice. Software engineers—as well as many
other engineers—need to know how to read and write precise
specifications. Specifications are made precise by expressing
them in a formal mathematical language. Such formal spec-
ifications have many advantages over informal specifications
written in natural language because they can be mechanically
constructed and analyzed by humans or by software. However,
most engineers lack the background required to employ formal
specifications, despite the fact that undergraduate engineering
programs usually include some exposure to logic and discrete
Simple type theory, also as known as higher-order logic, is
a natural extension of first-order logic which is simple, highly
expressive, and practical. (For a full discussion of the virtues of
simple type theory, see [5].) It is an excellent educational and
practical tool for creating and understanding formal specifica-
tions. This is illustrated by simple type theory's three strengths.
Simplicity. Simple type theory has a very simple syntax
and semantics. It contains fewer syntactic categories than first-
order logic, and it is based on the same semantic principles as
first-order logic. It is therefore not much harder for students to
learn than first-order logic. By virtue of its simplicity, it is also
much easier to learn than industrial specification languages
0-7803-8552-7/04/$20.00 c ? 2004 IEEE
like VDM-SL [2] and Z [20].
Expressivity. Simple type theory is a highly expressive
specification language as well as a powerful logic. It contains
the basic logical tools needed for writing clear and concise
formal specifications. They are:
1)Propositional connectives.
2)Universal and existential quantifiers.
3)Application and abstraction operators (e.g., for applying
and defining functions, respectively).
4) Higher-order objects (such as functions and sets).
6)A definite description operator (for forming expressions
of the form "the unique object x that satisfies the property
We will illustrate each of these elements later in the paper. It is
important to note that first-order logic contains only a few of
these elements, namely, propositional connectives, quantifiers,
and a operator for applying functions and predicates.
Practicality. Although a textbook formulation of simple
type theory is a much more practical specification language
than first-order logic, it would be burdensome to write large,
complex specifications in it. However, by extending its syntax
and semantics in certain ways, simple type theory can be made
into an effective specification language for actual use. These
extensions do not change simple type in any fundamental way;
they just make simple type theory more convenient to employ.
Simple type theory provides a better logical foundation
for formal specification than first-order logic. It is a better
introductory specification language than the industrial spec-
ification languages VDM-SL and Z. And some of the most
popular and advanced computer theorem proving systems,
including HOL [10], IMPS [7], Isabelle [18], ProofPower [13],
and PVS [16], are based on logics that are extensions of simple
type theory. For these reasons, we recommend that simple
type theory be incorporated into the undergraduate engineering
The paper is organized as follows. Section II explains what
simple type theory is and introduces a practical version of
simple type theory called BESTT. The process of composing
October 20–23, 2004, Savannah, GA
34thASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference
Page 2
Session F1C
a specification is outlined in section III. The main section
of the paper, section IV, illustrates how specifications can
be written in BESTT. Simple type theory as a specification
language is compared with the leading industrial specification
languages in section V, and software tools for manipulating
specifications written in simple type theory are briefly dis-
cussed in section VI. The paper ends with some remarks
about our experiences using simple type theory at McMaster
in section VII and some concluding remarks in section VIII.
As we said in the Introduction, simple type theory is
a natural extension of first-order logic which is simple,
highly expressive, and practical. There are many different
formulations of simple type theory, but the most common
formulation today is a system due to A. Church [1], known as
Church's type theory, which includes machinery for applying
and specifying functions and a definite description operator.
In this paper we will always assume that "simple type theory"
means "Church's type theory".
Simple type theory is the most popular form of type
theory. Simple type theory, like other type theories, has two
kinds of syntactic objects. Expressions denote values including
the truth values T (true) and F (false); they do what both terms
and formulas do in first-order logic. Types denote nonempty
sets of values; they are used to restrict the scope of variables,
control the formation of expressions, and classify expressions
by value. For example, a formula is an expression of type
BOOL that denotes a truth value.
Unlike some other type theories, simple type theory is a
classical, nonconstructive, two-valued logic. It includes strong
support for specifying and reasoning with a hierarchy of
higher-order functions. (A function is higher order if it takes
other functions as arguments.) The structure of the hierarchy
is inherited from the structure of the types. In contrast to a set
theory (such as Zermelo-Fraenkel (ZF) set theory), simple type
theory is a function theory in which functions are also used
to represent other kinds of values such as sets and relations.
There are several ways of extending simple type theory so
that it is more practical for actual use (see [5]). One example
of a practical extension of simple type theory developed at
McMaster University is BESTT [4], a Basic Extended Simple
Type Theory. BESTT has type variables for forming polymor-
phic types and expressions as in the HOL logic [10] and built-
in machinery for working with tuples, lists (finite sequences),
and sets.
Undefinedness arises naturally throughout mathematics,
computer science, and engineering. For example, division by 0
is never defined and many computer programs do not terminate
on all inputs. Since undefinedness is often unavoidable, a
practical logic for specification must have a mechanism for
dealing with it. BESTT comes with a partial semantics in which
functions may be partial and expressions may be undefined
(but formulas are always either true or false). This semantics
formalizes the traditional approach to undefinedness employed
0-7803-8552-7/04/$20.00 c ? 2004 IEEE
in mathematical practice (see [3], [6]). As a result, undefined
applications of partial functions like 1/0 and undefined definite
descriptions like "the unique x such that x ?= x" can be
directly expressed in BESTT (for more examples, see [6]).
By a specification we mean a document written in a
formal language—a language having a precise syntax and
semantics—that describes the requirements, interfaces, data
structures, module designs, etc. of a system. While there are
philosophical discussions about how formal or informal a
specification should be, we think that it is essential that en-
gineering students, particularly software engineering students,
are capable of making precise and unambiguous statements
about small systems.
The process of composing a specification for a system
consists of seven steps. The first three are for all systems, but
the last four are just for systems that keep a state or memory.
Defined the types. The first step is to defined the types of
values—quantities, data, objects, inputs, outputs, etc.—
with which the system is concerned. If this step is done
correctly, the remaining steps are often straightforward.
Declare the constants. The constants are the primitives
of a language L for describing the values and making
assertions about them. For example, the constants may
include 0,1,−,+,∗ for talking about integers.
State the axioms. The axioms are a set Γ of statements
in L that are assumed to be true about the values. The
language L and set Γ of axioms form a theory that
specifies the values. For example, the axioms may include
a statement that says 0 is the identity with respect to +
over the integers.
Declare the state variables. If the system we are specify-
ing keeps a state or memory, the state variables are special
constants that represent components of the system's state.
For example, the two state variables for a stack might
be an array that holds the stack elements and a natural
number that holds the height of the stack.
State the invariants. The invariants of the system are
statements involving the state variables that are assumed
to remain true in all states of the system. In the stack
example above, the statement that the height is between
0 and the length of the array would be an invariant.
Declare the operations. The operations are special con-
stants that effectively read or write state variables. They
may also take inputs and return outputs. They represent
how the system interacts with its state. In the stack
example, top, pop, and push would be operations.
Specify the operations. The operations are either defined
as functions that map states to states or are specified by
the properties they satisfy, for example, using pre- and
postconditions. In the stack example, the top operation
could be defined as a partial function that maps a
nonempty stack of elements to the top element of the
October 20–23, 2004, Savannah, GA
34thASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference
Page 3
Session F1C
In practice, the specification writer usually does not do
the steps in a entirely sequential manner but instead goes back
and forth between the steps until a complete specification is
Before a student is able to compose a specification using
BESTT, or any other specification language, he or she must
become familiar with logic, and in our case with higher-order
logic. The student also needs to have acquired basic knowledge
in discrete mathematics, data structures, algorithms, and finite
state machines. Due to space limitations, we can only give a
short introduction to the language of BESTT. For a complete
introduction the reader is referred to [4]. (The notation we
will use in this paper is slightly different than that in [4].)
We would like to point out that the language of BESTT is
very compact, containing only a small number of language
elements compared to other specification languages such as
VDM-SL and Z. A detailed comparison between BESTT and
other specification languages is given in section V. The reader
familiar with the ML [19] functional programming language
or the PVS the specification language will notice many simi-
larities between BESTT and these languages.
Following the process of composing a specification pre-
sented in section III, a specification in BESTT can contain five
types of specification elements:
1)Type definitions.
2)Declarations of constants, state variables, and operations.
4) Invariants.
5)Definitions or specifications of operations.
Types form the foundation of BESTT. We assume the
atomic types include BOOL, INT, FLOAT, CHAR, STRING, and
UNIT. Let α and β be types. Compound types are constructed
using two binary type constructors: α → β is the type of
functions from α to β and α∗β is the product type of α and
β. For convenience, we allow the usage of records types, e.g.,
(x:INT,y:INT), which are essentially product types with named
components. Additional compound types are constructed using
two unary constructors: set(α) and list(α) are the types of a
set and a list of elements of type α, respectively. We will use
the alternation constructor |, e.g., Male|Female, to construct
enumerated types. Finally, we will assume that users can
define their own type constructors in BESTT, e.g., order(α) =
(α ∗ α) → BOOL, including recursive type constructors.
A type definition is given using the key word type
followed by an identifier naming that type, possibly a list of
type variables for type constructors, and then the type. BESTT
allows the definition of abstract types, i.e., types that are not
further defined. The syntax we use for type declarations is
identical to that used in the language OCaml [14] (a dialect
of ML). For example,
Gender =
Person =
STRING ∗ Date ∗ Gender
defines the abstract type Date, the type Gender as an enumer-
ation of constants, and the type Person as a product type of
String, Date, and Gender. We like to point out that at any time
point we could further specify the type Date without changing
any of the definitions depending on it.
Declarations are used to declare constants, state variables,
and operations. A declaration consists of the key work decl,
an identifier, and a type. For example,
data set :
get date :
Person → Date
declare the state variable data set and the operation get date.
Expressions in BESTT are formed from variables and de-
clared constants, state variables, and operations using standard
expression constructors. The expression constructors include
an if-then-else constructor and constructors to build and ac-
cess lists such as ?a1,...,an?. Sets can be constructed by
enumeration, e.g., {a1,...,an}, or by set abstraction, e.g.,
(Sa : α . p(a)) where p is a predicate over the elements of
type α. Individual objects can be described using the construct
of definite description. For example, the definite description
(Ia : α . p(a)), where again p is a predicate over the elements
of type α, denotes the unique element that satisfies p if there
is such an element and is undefined otherwise. See [4] for a
complete list of the expression constructors in BESTT.
Formulas, i.e., expressions of type BOOL, are formed
using the constants T, F, representing true and false, the
standard logical connectors ¬,∧,∨,⇒,⇔ and the quantifiers
∀,∃. BESTT also provides the definedness operator ↓ such that
E↓ asserts that the expression E is defined.
An invariant is a formula involving state variables that is
assumed to be true. Logically, an invariant is just a special kind
of axiom. Invariants are stated using the key work inv followed
by the name and formula of the invariant. For example, the
invunique birthday =
∀(n,d,g),(n?,d?,g?) : data set .
n = n?→ d = d?
states that, for any two objects of type Person associated with
the variable data set, if the two strings are identical then so
are the two birthdays.
BESTT provides the special expression constructor that is
used to define a function by means of what is called lambda
abstraction in logic. Definitions associate a previously declared
identifier with an expression. The definition
def get date = (n,d,g) ?→ d
defines the operation get date by stating that, given an object
of type Person, declared to be the product of STRING, Date,
and Gender, it returns the element of type Date.
Now we can continue with our example by declaring
find date :
find people :
Person → (BOOL * Date)
Date → set(Person)
and then make the following definitions to give meaning to
October 20–23, 2004, Savannah, GA
34thASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference
0-7803-8552-7/04/$20.00 c ? 2004 IEEE
Page 4
Session F1C
the declared operations:
def find date = n ?→
((∃d : Date, g : Gender . (n,d,g) ∈ data set),
(Id : Date . ∃g : Gender . (n,d,g) ∈ data set))
Note that, by the previously stated invariant unique birthday,
the definite description is defined exactly if the first component
in the pair is true.
def find people = d ?→
(S(n,d?,g) : Person .
(n,d?,g) ∈ data set ∧ d = d?)
find people returns the set of objects of type Person that are
"born on some given date".
Summarizing, we have given the specification of a simple
system that stores people together with their unique birthdays,
and allows us to determine the birthday of a person and the
set of all the people born on any particular date.
Higher-order constructs are very useful if one aims to
specify abstract concepts such as sorting. Using the type
constructor order(α), as defined above, we can declare an
operation sorter as follows:
decl sorter : order(α) → (list(α) → list(α))
We can then define the operation sorter by definition descrip-
def sorter =
Is : order(α) → (list(α) → list(α)) .
∀o : order(α), a,b : list(α) .
s(o)(a) = b ⇔
(∀i : INT . 0 ≤ i < |b| − 1 ⇒ o(b[i],b[i + 1]))
∧ list equiv(a,b)
where list equiv(a,b) is predicate of type (list(α) ∗ list(α)) →
BOOL that is true if the sequences a and b contain the same
elements but in possibly a different ordering.
Specifications are often intended to describe dynamic
models in which the state of the model can be changed by the
specification's operations, as done in VDM-SL and Z. In this
case, we speak about traces of states where a state q is a list of
values associated with the specification's state variables. Since
an operation o effectively reads and writes state variables, it
can be viewed as a state transition function that moves a state
q to a state ˜ q, which is written as δ(q,o) = ˜ q. Let Q be the
state space, i.e., the set of all possible states, and O be the
set of operations. We introduce the notation q |= A to denote
that the formula A holds in the state q. Then q |= A?means
that, for each o ∈ O, if δ(q,o) = ˜ q, then ˜ q |= A, i.e., that A
holds in each possible next state. q |= (A ⇒ B) means that
q |= A implies q |= B. There are similar definitions for the
other propositional connectives.
An invariant is now a formula A such that
q0|= A ∧ ∀q : Q . q |= (A ⇒ A?)
where q0is the initial state. With this the student is introduced
to model checking as a tool to verify properties of specifica-
0-7803-8552-7/04/$20.00 c ? 2004 IEEE
tions. Traces allow us to define the notion of an event as done
in [9] and [12]: @T(A) denotes the time points in a trace
?q0,q1,...? at which qi|= (¬A ∧ A?), and @T(A) WHEN D
denotes the time points at which qi|= ¬A∧A?∧D∧D?, i.e.,
at which A changes from false to true and D remains true.
(This could also be defined using previous states instead of
next states.)
To illustrate the usage of events we give a small specifica-
tion that defines an event that occurs if a user clicks the mouse
in a button (fixed area) on the screen. We need the following
type declarations:
mouse button =
mouse pos =
Now we declare the state of the mouse using a state variable:
declmouse : (b: mouse button,pos:mouse pos)
We need a predicate that is true if the mouse is pointing
to the area of interest:
declin area : mouse pos → BOOL
The predicate in area can easily be defined using that the area
is located at position (x0,y0) with a width w and height h as
in area = (x,y) ?→
(x0≤ x ≤ x0+ w) ∧ (y0≤ y ≤ y0+ h)
Now we can specify the events of interest, first that the
mouse button was pressed while the mouse pointed to the area:
defB1 = @T(mouse.b = Down)
WHEN in area(mouse.pos.x,mouse.pos.y)
Note that these events do not happen if we move the mouse
with the button down over the area without pressing it down
within the area. Further we need the events when the mouse
button was released while the mouse was within the area and
while it was released outside the area:
defB2 = @T(mouse.b = Up)
WHEN in area(mouse.pos.x,mouse.pos.y)
defB3 = @T(mouse.b = Up)
WHEN ¬in area(mouse.pos.x,mouse.pos.y)
If a B1 event is followed by a B2 event then the mouse
was clicked and released within the area, but if it is followed
by a B3 event then the mouse was clicked but not released
within the area.
Instructors introducing students to formal specification can
choose from a variety of different specification languages. In
general, one can distinguish two classes of specification lan-
guages: model oriented and property oriented. Model-oriented
languages, such as the PVS [16] specification language;
UML [11], the Universal Modeling Language; VDM-SL [2],
the specification language of the Vienna Development Method
(VDM); and Z [20] (called Z after Zermelo-Fraenkel set the-
ory), are languages that describe the operations by defining
October 20–23, 2004, Savannah, GA
34thASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference
Page 5
Session F1C
how they affect the models (state space) they work on. This
includes the notion of pre- and postconditions and the different
kinds of specification languages using finite state machines.
Property-oriented languages, often called algebraic languages,
make abstract statements about the properties of the opera-
tions, which could be satisfied by many models. The com-
monly used example is the stack. A property-oriented language
would state that pop(push(s,t)) = s and top(push(s,t)) = t,
while a model-oriented language would first declare that a
stack has a state represented as a list of objects and then
describe how top, pop, and push affect this state.
In contrast to Z, BESTT allows expressions to be unde-
fined. BESTT is not a three-valued logic; the logic provides
only the usual two boolean values, and formulas are always
defined. We think that this approach is very natural, e.g.,
top(empty stack) is undefined. Specification languages cannot
ignore occurrences of undefinedness. They can either deal with
them indirectly in various ways or directly as BESTT does, by
using artificially constructed types with undefined values, or
by introducing the notion of an "exception".
The languages UML and Z use two dimensional graphical
constructs to assist the composer and reader of specifications.
In our software design courses, we found that using BESTT
within Parnas Tables [17] increased the readability of specifi-
cations in a similar way.
To illustrate the difference in syntax we define the same
structure, a simple binary tree in BESTT, VDM-SL, and Z: The
BESTT specification is
type Btree(α) = Empty|Node(Btree(α) ∗ α ∗ Btree(α))
where the type Btree(α) is parameterized with the type of
the content of the nodes. This line can be directly sent to
an OCaml interpreter or compiler. Since VDM-SL and Z do
not support type variables, we cannot specify a parameterized
type, but we have to construct our trees over some fixed type,
e.g., INT. The binary tree specification in VDM-SL is given by
binnode ::
left :
value :
right :
Btree = [binnode]
and in Z the same specification is
Btree ::= nil|binnode << Btree × INT × Btree >>
The specifications in BESTT and Z look very similar,
but the VDM-SL specification is different because Btree is
not actually a type in VDM-SL, only binnode is. We found,
confirmed by our experiences teaching formal specification to
students, that the BESTT notation is more natural.
Simple type theory can be used as a specification language
without the aid of software tools—especially for educational
purposes. However, as one considers specifications of greater
size and complexity, it becomes increasingly more difficult
0-7803-8552-7/04/$20.00 c ? 2004 IEEE
to express and analyze them in simple type theory without
support from software tools. In short, practical specification
using simple type theory (or any other formal specification
language) requires tool support.
There are three basic kinds of software tools for formal
Tools for constructing specifications. These tools help the
user to find syntactic mistakes in specifications and to
combine smaller specifications into larger ones. They in-
clude type checkers for checking whether a specification
is type correct and type inferers for determining the types
of the specification components. The latter are included
in implementations of the ML programming language.
Tools for analyzing specifications using symbolic com-
putation. There are a wide range of tools of this kind.
These include model checkers for determining whether
a property holds in every state of a specified system,
computer algebra systems for simplifying algebraic ex-
pressions, decision procedures that can automatically
decide whether certain kinds of conjectures are true or
false, systems for finding counterexamples to conjectures,
and various kinds of systems for visualizing the models
that satisfy a specification.
Tools for analyzing specifications using formal deduction.
These include automatic theorem provers like Otter [15]
that attempt to automatically find a proof for a conjecture
and proof development systems like PVS with which the
user and the system interactively construct a proof of a
Specification systems of the future will contain an inte-
grated set of tools of all three kinds described above. They will
be effectively "laboratories" in which to construct and analyze
specifications and in which symbolic computation and formal
deduction are fully integrated (e.g., see [8]).
By teaching introductory courses in software engineering
to undergraduate and graduate students in software engineer-
ing, computer engineering, and electrical engineering, we have
become very familiar with the problems students have in
understanding formal specification techniques and languages.
Our experiences are what prompted us to develop BESTT and
our approach to teaching specification.
Our approach has been incorporated in the B.Eng. pro-
gram in software engineering at McMaster University. De-
signed in 1999 and revised in 2003, this program is accredited
by the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB).
The first year is a common year to all engineering students. In
the 2003 revision we decided to postpone the first introductory
course in software engineering to the second term in the
second year. Students first have to pass three second-year
first-term courses: one course in logic, a separate course
in discrete mathematics, and a course that introduces them
to the fundamentals of programming as a continuation of
their first-year programming course. In their first software
October 20–23, 2004, Savannah, GA
34thASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference


text:
Hadwiger Multimedia Lab
The Hadwiger Multimedia Laboratory, located in Coleman 1681 & 1691, is a technology resource for students, faculty, and staff in the Department of Communication Studies at Eastern Illinois University. The multimedia lab is named after Professor Emeritus Ken Hadwiger.
The lab checks out HD video and audio production equipment to eligible students such as camcorders, DSLRs, broadcast quality microphones, digital audio recorders, tripods, projectors, and more.
Most of our cameras and audio recorders require a class 6 or higher SDHC or SDXC card. You will need to provide your own card.
We have MacBook Pro laptops featuring the Adobe CC suite for video, audio, photos, web design, publishing and more. Computers are for in-lab use only.
Students can print in the lab for $0.07/page black and white and $0.20/page color. Students must have their Panther Card loaded with Panther Cash to print.
The Hadwiger Lab also has a plotter for large projects like posters. This printer is available only to Communication Studies faculty and staff, and students working on approved class projects. See a lab assistant for details.


text:
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Marketed by Reeds Rains, SK6. Call 0161 884 0307


text:
Anatomy of the Eye Topic Guide
Anatomy and Physiology of the Eye: Even though the eye is small, only about 1 inch in diameter, it serves a very important function -- the sense of sight. Vision is by far the most used of the five senses and is one of the primary means that we use to gather information from our surroundings.
Cataracts A cataract clouds the lens of the eye, limiting vision. Historically, cataracts were common among such ancient peoples as the Sumeri, the Egyptians, and the Indù. The name cataract stems ...
home > eye & vision center > eye & vision a-z list > anatomy of the eye article > anatomy of the eye topic guide


text:
Was massively rushed last week to get a huge pitch out of the way. Can't say who unfortunately, but really hoping we get this one. Has potential to be a really exciting project.
Edit: I uploaded a @2x thumbnail for retina folk (and to test)
keyboard shortcuts: ← previous shot → next shot L or F like Z toggle zoom


text:
RV Forum flags bearing our logo and web address are available via the Logowear page. Click HERE for details.
Use a diesel specific 15/40 oil, there are lots of good choices, Delo 400, Shell Rotella, Mobil Delvac are all good. If you are going to use the generator in a very cold climate, consider Rotella 5/40 synthetic for easier cold starts. Walmart is a good choice for value on these oils.
Page created in 0.124 seconds with 21 queries.


text:
|Sq ft
|2 beds
SECTION 8 - GREAT CONDO CLOSE TO SDSU - UPGRADES THROUGHOUT, COZY LIVING ROOM WITH FIREPLACE AND MORE. Your new home is located directly across from a park and school and within walking distance to one of the largest colleges in California, San Diego State University. SDSU founded in 1897 as San Diego Normal School, is the largest and oldest higher education facility in the greater San Diego area, and is part of the California State University system.
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text:
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- Performing & Visual Arts
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text:
Class of 1956 Spring Letter
Spring 2013
Dear Classmates:
As I write this letter, we are at our home in Green Valley, Ariz. It is beginning to feel like Minnesota. The weather overall has been on the cool side and we've had two snowfalls in February. Outside of the beauty when


text:
Imagen3D, a Free Photo Editor For Stereoscopic 3D Photos
View Single Post
Registered User
Join Date: Jun 2009
Posts: 56,177
Imagen3D, a Free Photo Editor For Stereoscopic 3D Photos
Imagen3D is a a free photo editor developed from the start to enable the adjusting and editing of stereo 3D photos, supporting multiple popular formats such as Anaglyph, Side by Side, Top/Bottom, Row Interlaced and so on. The application offers most of the basic tools used by other programs for editing and photo retouching, but they have been adapted for use with stereoscopic 3D images. The program is free and works quite well, it has a portable version as well as an installer, so you can have it handy even on an USB flash drive. It is intended for use on non stereoscopic 3D capable displays and you can preview the photos you are editing using a pair of anaglyph red-cyan glasses or with the cross-eye viewing method. And you can of course export a 3D photo and then open it inside a photo viewer supporting 3D Vision for example, but you cannot run the 3D photo in stereo 3D mode with 3D Vision right from the application itself.
With this program you can do most of what you are usually doing in a normal photo editor with 2D photos, but with 3D ones instead as there are actually not that many stereo 3D photo editors available yet and doing even some of the most basic things like cropping a 3D photo can be problematic if you don't have the right tool. Of course there are some specific things required to be done only on 3D photos and the pretty much the only drawback is the inability for direct full-screen preview on a 3D-capable solution such as 3D Vision. But Imagen3D can be quite useful in cases when you need to do some adjustments on a 3D photo, but you don't have a 3D display at the moment, you just need to have a good old pair of paper anaglyph glasses lying around and you are ready to go.
To download and try the free Imagen3D stereoscopic 3D photo editorâ?¦
Related posts you might be interested in:
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Is the Adult Industry Going S3D, Interview with the Founder of Adult4D
Firmware Update Adds 3D Sweep Panorama Mode for Sony NEX-3/5
CMSoft Stereoscopic 3D Picture Converter and Simple 3D Photo Editor
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text:
The knowledge our students construct is not only relevant to them personally but is also relevant to the classroom community as a whole! Constructivism, when applied to behavioral intervention, has many faces but one example is the rule-making process. For example, in a constructivist class, the rules would not be ...
A Differentiated Approach for Supporting Behavioral Growth in the Classroom
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text:
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28 year old man | Dallas, TX, USA | Seeking women 23-28 within 20 miles
I moved to Dallas from Chicago when I was 10 years and I have lived here ever since. Although, I was born in Chicago I call myself a Texa...
I moved to Dallas from Chicago when I was 10 years and I have lived here ever since. Although, I was born in Chicago I call myself a Texan. I enjoy being outdoors, watching sports, and playing golf. I jump on every opportunity I get to be outdoors. I'm a laid back person with a fun sense of humor and a big heart. I am looking for somebody who is confident, well-spoken, kind, and willing to try new things. If you want to know more just ask.
Coffee and conversation , Cooking , Dining out , Hobbies and crafts , Movies/Videos , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Playing sports , Travel/Sightseeing , Watching sports , Wine tasting
Baseball, Basketball, Football, Golf, Hockey, Walking / Hiking
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
I have Dogs
I just got a Beagle and his name is Ace.
Middle of the Road
Katy Trail Ice House, The Woodshed Smokehouse, Common Table, and Neighborhood Services.
Love red dirt country, but I like all kinds of music. Like live music. Favorite bands are Casey Donahew Band, Whiskey Myers, Wade Bowen, and Kyle Park
If it is sunny outside I am usually in the backyard grilling with friends or on a patio somewhere. I work a lot but I always make time for the things that are most important to me.
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|What he is looking for
|6'0" (182cms)
|5'1" (154cms) to 5'9" (175cms)
|Body type:
|About average
|Slender, About average, Curvy, Athletic and toned
|No preference
|Light brown
|Light brown, Dark brown, Blonde, Dark blonde
|No Way
|No Way
|Social Drinker
|Social Drinker
|Financial / Accounting / Real Estate
|Executive / Management, Financial / Accounting / Real Estate, Legal, Sales / Marketing, Education / Teacher / Professor, Architecture / Interior design
Merger and acquisition's
|I'll tell you later
|$35,001 to $50,000, $50,001 to $75,000, $75,001 to $100,000, $100,001 to $150,000
|Never Married
|Never Married
|Have kids:
|Wants kids:
|Definitely, Someday
|White / Caucasian
|White / Caucasian
|Spiritual but not religious
|Christian / Catholic, Christian / Protestant, Spiritual but not religious, Christian / Other
|Bachelors degree
|Bachelors degree, Graduate degree
I went to the University of Oklahoma for 3 years on a golf scholarship. I finished my degree at the University of Texas at Dallas. I received an economics/finance degree.