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Devices and methods for treating degenerative, congestive heart disease and related dysfunction are described. Passive and active cardiac support structures mitigate changes in ventricular structure (i.e., remodeling) and deterioration of global left ventricular performance related to tissue damage precipitating from ischemia, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or other abnormalities. Cardiac efficiency is improved by providing reinforcement that restores or maintains an elliptical ventricular shape and mimics the position and positive inotropic effects of helical wound myofibrils to provide active contraction of the ventricle in synchrony with the metabolically required cardiac pace or output. In addition, the cardiac support structures compensate or provide therapeutic treatment for congestive heart failure and/or reverse the remodeling that produces an enlarged heart. The structures may be implanted in target heart regions using less invasive surgical techniques, such as those involving port access or small incisions into the thoracic cavity.
1. A method of treating valvular dysfunction of a heart including, the method comprising;
inserting a first end of a tensioning structure into myocardial tissue of the heart,
inserting a second end of a tensioning structure into myocardial tissue of the heart, and
tensioning and securing the tension of the tensioning structure to reposition at least one of the chordae tendonae or papillary muscles by compressing the papillary muscles together.
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8. A method of treating a heart, the method comprising;
inserting a portion of at least one cardiac support structure into the myocardial tissue, and
aligning another portion of the at least one support structure with the helical myofibril orientation of a portion of the heart, and
securing the position of the at least one support structure.
9. The method of
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14. A method of treating a heart, the method comprising;
providing at least one resilient cardiac support structure aligned with the helical myofibril orientation of a portion of the heart, and
applying an electrical current for heart pacing via electrode portions of the structure.
15. A method of treating a heart, the method comprising;
providing at least one resilient cardiac support structure aligned with the helical myofibril orientation of a portion of the heart, and
applying an electrical energy to the cardiac support structure to cause it to provide active forcing assistance to the heart.
16. The method of
17. The method of
18. A system for treating the heart, the system comprising:
an array resilient elements positioned substantially along the helical myofibril orientation of a portion of the heart.
19. An apparatus for treating the heart, the apparatus comprising:
at least one resilient elongate member adapted to helically encircling at least a portion of a heart, the member including a plurality of electrodes adapted for multi-site pacing.
20. An apparatus for treating the heart, the apparatus comprising:
at least one resilient elongate member adapted to helically encircling at least a portion of a heart, the member including a plurality of actuators along a substantial length of the member to expand or contract upon application of energy.
This application claims the benefit of co-pending Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/519,915, filed Nov. 14, 2004 and entitled, "Minimally Invasive Systems for Heart Constraint and Reshaping with Passive or Active Contraction" which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
The present invention relates generally to minimally invasive, mechanical, medical devices for treating or preventing congestive heart failure and related or concomitant vascular dysfunction. More specifically, the invention relates to cardiac support structures that mitigate changes in the ventricular and/or atrial structure and geometry and deterioration of global left and right ventricular and atrial performance related to tissue damage from myocardial ischemia, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), valve related disease or dysfunction, vascular related dysfunction, or other instigators of deterioration of cardiac output and/or function.
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a progressive and lethal disease if left untreated. The CHF syndrome often evolves as a continuum of clinical adaptations, from the subtle loss of normal function to the presence of symptoms refractory to medical therapy. While the exact etiology of the syndrome that causes heart failure is not fully understood, the primary cause of CHF is the inability of the heart to properly and adequately fill or empty blood from the left ventricle (i.e., left ventricular dysfunction) with adequate efficiency to meet the metabolic needs of the body.
In addition, non-cardiac factors can also be activated due the overall degenerative cycle that ensues. These include neuro-hormonal stimulation, endothelial dysfunction, vasoconstriction, and renal sodium retention all of which can cause dyspnea, fatigue and edema rendering patients unable to perform the simplest everyday tasks. These types of non-cardiac factors are secondary to the negative, functional adaptations of the ventricles, cardiac valves or load conditions applied to or resisted by these structures. Even with novel pharmacological, surgical and device-based therapies, symptoms can be alleviated, but the quality of life remains significantly impaired and the associated morbidity and mortality of the disease is exceptionally high.
Ischemic heart disease is currently the leading cause of CHF in the western world, accounting for greater than 70% of cases worldwide. In these cases, CHF can precipitate from ischemic conditions or from muscle damage (i.e., AMI due to obstruction of a coronary artery) which can weaken the heart muscle, initiating a process known as remodeling where changes in cardiac anatomy and physiology include ventricular dilatation, regional wall motion abnormalities, decreases in the left ventricular ejection fraction and impairment of other critical parameters of ventricular function. This left ventricular dysfunction is further aggravated by hypertension and valvular disease in which a chronic volume or pressure overload can alter the structure and function of the ventricle. Decreases in systolic contraction can lead to cardiomyopathy, which further exacerbates the localized, ischemia damaged tissue or AMI insult into a global impairment leading to episodes of arrhythmia, progressive pump failure and death.
Analogous to aneurysms in diseased hearts accompanying abnormally thin and weak myocardial tissue, ischemia-damaged and/or infarct damaged heart muscle tissue results in progressive softening or degeneration of cardiac tissue. These ischemic and infarcted zones of the heart muscle wall have limited, if not complete loss of tissue contractile functionality and overall physical integrity. Also, the disease is usually associated with a progressive enlargement of the heart as it increases contractility and heart rate in a compensatory response to the decreasing cardiac output. With this enlargement, the heart's burden is increased to pump more blood with each pump cycle. A phenomenon known as myocardial stretch is implicated in the cyclic feedback loop that causes areas of compromised heart muscle tissue to bulge outward. When the bulging is related to AMI, this behavior is characterized as infarct expansion. With this bulging, the heart's natural contraction mechanism is dissipated into and attenuated resulting in a marked and progressing decrease in cardiac output.
Normal cardiac valve closure (especially that of the mitral valve) is dependent upon the integrity of the myocardium, as well as that of the valve apparatus itself. The normal mitral valve is a complex structure; consisting of leaflets, annulus, chordae tendineae, and papillary muscles and any damage or impairment in function of any of these key components can render a valve structure incompetent. Impairment of valve function, due to independent factors (i.e., a concomitant valve pathology) or dependent factors (i.e., valve dilation related to dilated cardiomyopathy or mitral regurgitation due to atrial enlargement), can result in valvular insufficiency further exacerbating the degenerative CHF cycle.
The major objectives of heart failure therapy are to decrease symptoms and prolong life. The American Heart Association guidelines suggest that the optimal treatment objectives includes means to increase survival, exercise capacity, improve of quality of life, while decreasing symptoms, morbidity and the continued progression of the degeneration. Various pharmacological and surgical methods have been applied both with palliative and therapeutic outcome goals, however there still remains no cure for the condition.
Modern pharmacological approaches such as diuretics, vasodilators, and digoxin dramatically lessen CHF symptoms and prolong life by mitigating the non-cardiac factors implicated in the syndrome. Furosemide (more commonly known as Lasix) is also a valuable diuretic drug which eliminates excess water and salt from the body by altering kidney function and thereby increasing urine output thereby relieving the circulatory congestion and the accompanying pulmonary and peripheral edema. Vasodilators, like angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have become one of the cornerstones in treatment of heart failure. These kinds of vasodilators relax both arterial and venous smooth muscle, thereby reducing the resistance to left ventricular ejection. In patients with enlarged ventricles, the drug increases stroke volume with a reduction in ventricular filling pressure. Digoxin has also been found to be positively inotropic (i.e., strengthens the heart's contraction capability).
On the surgical front, cardiomyoplasty is a recently developed treatment of CHF, where the latissimus dorsi muscle is removed from the patient's shoulder, wrapped around the heart and chronically paced in synchrony with ventricular systole with the goal of assisting the heart to pump during systole. The procedure is known to provide some symptomatic improvement, but is controversial with regard to its ability to enable active improvement of cardiac performance. It is hypothesized that the symptomatic improvement is primarily generated by passive constraint and mitigation of the degenerative, remodeling process. In spite of the positive outcome on relieving some of the symptoms, the procedure is highly invasive, requiring access to the heart via a sternotomy, expensive, complex and of unknown durability (due to the muscle wrap blood flow requirements and fibrosis issues). Another surgery of interest is an innovative procedure developed by R. Bautista, Md. In this procedure, the overall mass, volume and diameter of the heart are physically reduced by dissection and removal of left ventricular tissue. Besides being a highly invasive, traumatic and costly procedure, the actual volume reduction results in a reduction in valve competence and elicits the associated regurgitation. An alternative to this approach as also been proffered by surgeon, V. Dork MD. The Dor procedure provides surgical exclusion of akinetic and dyskinetic portions of the ventricle, reshapes the ventricle with a stitch that encircles the transitional zone between contractile and non contractile myocardium, and uses a small patch to reestablish ventricular wall continuity at the level of a purse string suture. Experience with the procedure has led to further refinements and enhanced clinical understanding of the benefits of this surgery. The principal benefits have been identified as diminished ventricular volume without deformation of the chamber and optimization of the ventricular shape to the preferred anatomical geometry. Normal myocardial fiber are known to be oriented in a spiral direction from the base of the heart to the apex with two opposite layers and well defined intersecting angles (per Bennington-Goertler, Vol. II). As such, this double spiral muscle fiber orientation facilitates a mere 30% of fibril shortening to output a 60% or greater ejection fraction. In dilated hearts resultant of the heart failure cascade the ventricle assumes a more spherical shape and this spiral architecture and hence the associated contractile efficiency is lost. In addition, the dilated ventricle also malpositions the subvalvular apparati. The papillary muscles tend to be displaced toward the lateral wall and thereby lose their normal orientation towards the apex eliciting retraction of the posterior leaflet, loss of leaflet coaptation and ultimately functional mitral regurgitation. Surgical treatment of this valvular dysfunction also includes a wide range of open procedure options ranging from mitral ring annuloplasty to complete valve replacement using mechanical or tissue based valve prosthesis. While being generally successful and routine in surgical practice today, these procedures are also costly, highly invasive, and are still have significant associated morbidity and mortality.
More recently, mechanical assist devices which act as a bridge to transplant such as the left ventricular assist device (LVAD) or the total artificial heart (TAH) implant have become available. LVAD's are implantable, mechanical pumps that facilitate the flow of blood from the left ventricle into the aorta. The latest, TAH technologies feature many improved design and material enhancements that increase their durability and reliability. However, the use of such devices is still limited by high costs and a lack of substantial, clinical evidence warranting their use.
Other device-based options for this patient subset include reshaping, reinforcement and reduction of the heart's anatomical structure using polymeric and metallic bands, cuffs, jackets, balloon/balloon-like structures or socks to provide external stress relief to the heart and to reduce the propensity/capability of the cardiac tissue to distend or become continually stretched and damaged with progressive pump cycles. Examples of such devices are U.S. Patent Application No. 2002/0045799 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,702,343. In addition, devices are being studied that attempt to prevent the tissue remodeling using tethers and growth limiting struts or structures described in various patents (e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 6,406,420).
In general, all of these concepts support the cardiac muscle and restrict growth externally and globally via surgical placement about the epicardium and in some instances are positioned across the cardiac muscle tissue. As such, these types of approaches require unnecessary positioning of the devices over healthy (non local, undamaged) areas or zones of the heart affecting the entire organ when the primary treatment is usually focused is on the left ventricle or the mitral valve annulus. This non-localized treatment can elicit iatrogenic conditions such as undesired valvular dysfunction or constrictive physiology due to over restriction of the heart by such restraints.
Recently, several device based options have also been introduced where implants are positioned by minimally invasive means in the coronary sinus in one configuration and then assume a post deployment configuration that constricts around the annulus to improve valve competence in dilated cardiomyopathy (e.g., U.S. Patent Application No. 2002/016628). The clinical efficacy of this approach while appealing is unknown at this time.
Finally, the ultimate treatment for people suffering end stage CHF is a heart transplant. Transplants represent a massive challenge with donor hearts generally in short supply and with the transplant surgery itself presenting a high risk, traumatic and costly procedure. In spite of this, transplants present a valuable, albeit limited, upside increasing life expectancy of end stage congestive heart failure patient from less than one year up to a potential five years.
It is evident that there is currently no ideal treatment among the various surgical, pharmacological, and device based approaches to treat the multiple cardiac and non-cardiac factors implicated with the syndrome of CHF. There is a clear, unmet clinical need for technology that is minimally invasive (ideally percutaneous) which can prevent, treat or reduce the structural remodeling to the heart and it's sub-structures across the continuum of the syndrome beginning acutely with the ischemia or ischemic infarct through the end stages where there is often left ventricular and valvular dysfunction refractory to conventional treatments.
Accordingly, there is a need for improved systems and devices to passively or actively improve cardiac output, reduce wall stresses, reinforce the walls, and reduce/limit volume of the heart muscle as required using percutaneous, minimally invasive surgical (MIS), and open surgical means or a combination thereof. Ideally, such a device could facilitate operator controlled "tailoring" of treatment using various embodiments of the invention at various chosen target zones (i.e., ventricles, atria, aorta, pulmonary artery, etc.). The custom tailoring of each system could serve a dual purpose of wall reinforcement/restraint of dilation, but also provide active compression to provide a potential positive inotropic effect.
Patients suffering from severe CHF, who are unresponsive to medication, are generally precluded from open surgical approaches and potentially awaiting transplant could derive massive and direct benefit from a minimally invasive treatment for their condition. The present invention offers such a treatment.
Devices and methods according to the present invention not only offer an approach to limit further degeneration of CHF, but variations of the invention can also actively and/or passively facilitate positive or reverse remodeling (i.e., to provide a mild compressive force against the dilated ventricle in synchrony with the pace established by the A-V node) to induce pulsatile contraction of these structures to facilitate improved cardiac output and efficiency. As such, the subject devices and methods provide a potential, palliative or therapeutic response to the referenced disease state.
Variations or embodiments of the present invention provide cardiac support structures that offer structural rigidity and resistance to overdilation of the cardiac muscle fiber while maintaining an ideal, efficient ventricular shape, orientation of these support structures in specific anatomical positions similar to and in order to restore the helically would native myocardial fiber locations, and application of an energy source to provide active contraction of the myocardium in synchrony with metabolic and functional needs established by the pacemaker driving the electrical activity within the heart.
A benefit of these cardiac support structures is that they may work in concert to simultaneously provide reinforcement against myocardial stretch (or infarct expansion) and provide an active, positive inotropic during systole. Such devices and associated methods provide dynamic support or reinforcement. Further, they are active throughout the cardiac cycle—unlike previous device-based approaches that solely attempt to passively reduce the stress in the heart wall during diastole. Diastolic compliance can also be regulated or controlled with structures according to the present invention.
Though not necessarily the case, the cardiac support structures of the invention are typically implanted/deployed using a minimally invasive surgical approach. In practice, the subject structures can be placed via a sub-xiphoid approach which allows sufficient exposure and visualization of the heart using standard minimally invasive means to facilitate placement and anchoring of the support structure(s) at targets zones about the heart.
Certain aspects of the figures diagrammatically represent the present invention, while others may be indicative of preferred relations. Variation of the invention from what is shown in the figures is contemplated.
Having described the characteristics and problems of congestive heart failure in the background and summarized hereto, the treatment method and apparati of the present invention will now be described in detail below. The variations of the invention described below may be used to provide a complete, comprehensive solution to treating congestive heart syndrome, and the contributing or associated co-morbid, anatomical, and physiological deficiencies. Addressing the multiple factors that affect or cause congestive heart disease can retard or reverse the implicated remodeling thereby treating or mitigating the congestive heart disease and associated symptoms.
With respect to these multiple factors the following applications are discussed in detail: Muscle Fiber Helix Restoring Cardiac Support Structures, Papillary Muscle Repositioning, Active Cardiac Support Structures and Integrated Multi-Site Pacing, and Cardiac Support Structures with an Integrated Active Compression Mechanism. In connection with these completer or partial solutions, various cardiac support structure components, deployment approaches and structure materials and general fabrication methods for the devices are described. Naturally, it is the intent that sometimes these solutions may be applied in a stand-alone fashion, and other situations in which any of the solutions will be utilized in any combination together for combined effect.
Before further discussion of the invention, however, it is to be understood that it is not limited to particular variations set forth and may, of course, vary. Various changes may be made to the invention described and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation, material, composition of matter, process, process act(s) or step(s), to the objective(s), spirit or scope of the present invention. All such modifications are intended to be within the scope of the claims made herein.
Methods recited herein may be carried out in any order of the recited events which is logically possible, as well as the recited order of events. Furthermore, where a range of values is provided, it is understood that every intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range is encompassed within the invention. Also, it is contemplated that any optional feature of the inventive variations described may be set forth and claimed independently, or in combination with any one or more of the features described herein.
All existing subject matter mentioned herein (e.g., publications, patents, patent applications and hardware) is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety except insofar as the subject matter may conflict with that of the present invention (in which case what is present herein shall prevail). The referenced items are provided solely for their disclosure prior to the filing date of the present application. Nothing herein is to be construed as an admission that the present invention is not entitled to antedate such material by virtue of prior invention.
Reference to a singular item, includes the possibility that there are plural of the same items present. More specifically, as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "and," "said" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It is further noted that the claims may be drafted to exclude any optional element. As such, this statement is intended to serve as antecedent basis for use of such exclusive terminology as "solely," "only" and the like in connection with the recitation of claim elements, or use of a "negative" limitation. Unless defined otherwise herein, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
With initial reference to
Cardiac support structure aspects of the present invention comprise—individually, or in combination—components or devices including tensile member(s), anchor member(s) and deployment device(s). These components or devices are designed to be able to work alone or in concert in order to facilitate and provide palliative or therapeutic cardiac reinforcement in the following critical target areas of the heart: 1) papillary muscles; 2) cardiac valve annulus; 3) epicardium; 4) apex of the heart; 5) ventricular septum; and/or 6) myocardium. The sub-sections broken-out below will further describe treatments addressing corresponding specific aspects of the invention.
Cardiac Support Structure Components
Many of the embodiments described below incorporate a tensile member terminating at anchor mechanisms at each end. The embodiments described below are adapted or configured to be positioned into or through the myocardium and define anchor mechanisms augmented by the inherent structure and deployment process and/or can incorporate one or more anchors to aid in positioning and securing the cardiac support structures in place.
Tensile members 84 may comprise a tubing of raw material (metal, alloy, polymer, etc.) cut into a helical spring. It should be noted that other tensile member configurations can be used including solid wire or tubing, mesh members, standard wound coil springs or other geometrical patterns that define the degree of elasticity, and rigidity.
Once the anchors are positioned, the tensile members such as those shown in
According to one aspect of the invention, multiple cardiac support structures are secured to the heart tissue to produce a helical pattern as shown in
It is this array, assemblage or pattern of spring elements that comprises an aspect of the invention; so too do the methods of selecting the points/regions for positioning the tensioning members, the methods of emplacing the same, and even the methods of their operation once emplaced.
Actually, the tensioning structures shown in
In any case,
Further details as to the helical placement of support structures is provided below. Before such discussion, however, some treatment is given to the manner in which the devices can be emplaced.
Deployment of Cardiac Support Structures
Delivery systems can be used to deploy the cardiac support structures via a thoracotomy, thoracostomy, sub-xiphoid access 228, median sternotomy or other surgical access. In this manner, a deployment system 230 can access the heart along the epicardium (or endocardium) and position the cardiac support structures 4 at the desired locations in/on the heart. The delivery systems can be used to insert the anchors 32 (e.g., the embodiment shown in
One embodiment of the cardiac support structure deployment system of the invention is provided as step-by-step illustrations showing initial delivery and positioning, followed by release and secured anchoring of the device upon the heart at the operator chosen anatomical locations in
Muscle Fiber Helix Restoring Cardiac Support Structures
Note that with the anchor 32/tensile member 84 embodiment of the invention, the cardiac support structures constructed can be configured into any pattern as determined by the operator during the implant procedure. One pattern is the desired helical pattern partially or substantially around the anterior and posterior surfaces of the left ventricle 18; others include partially or completely around the left and right ventricles (18 and 24), along the left ventricle 18 from the anterior surface to the posterior surface along the ventricular septum 244 and back to the anterior surface, or other configuration. In any case, the pattern will generally be one that follows or coordinates with the directionality of underlying heart muscle fiber orientation.
During deployment of tensile members whose anchoring mechanism involves inserting a loop of the cardiac support structure 4 through myocardium 34 (as shown in
It is additionally noted that the cardiac support structures can be oriented at or along other helical profiles relative to the heart thereby defining different tensioning patterns. The array of cardiac support structures previously discussed in reference to
In any case, the cardiac support structures 4 of the invention can be positioned about the ventricles and anchored through or into myocardium so as to reposition previously relaxed, damaged or stretched myocardial fibers and restore their helical orientation. Restoring the helical myofibril orientation aids cardiac output by increasing the left ventricular ejection fraction and wall motion throughout the heart thereby improving efficiency and reducing the effects of congestive heart failure aiding the process of reverse remodeling.
Papillary Muscle Repositioning
In any case, according to the present invention, the papillary muscles may be prefentially repositioned relative to each other if these structures have migrated laterally due ventricular dilatation. Any pattern of cardiac support structures 4 can be used to provide the desired recovery or reverse remodeling response where the cardiac support structures extend between papillary muscles 174. By compressing the papillary muscles 174 together along the lateral free wall of the heart (or alternatively along the septal wall, not shown) the orientation of the valve leaflets and the chordae tendonae 110 are influenced. By reducing tension on the chordae tendonae 110 and valve leaflets exerted by over-stretched papillary muscles 174, valve leaflet apposition is improved thereby reducing mitral regurgitation and aiding reverse remodeling.
The flexibility of the cardiac support structures 4 enable the physician to custom tailor the treatment options to the patient after careful analysis of the valve competency, ventricular wall motion, ejection fraction, and other diagnostic parameters. The free ends of these three-dimensional, cinching, tensioning structures 4 can be tied together permanently or secured to a mechanism capable of twisting the knotted regions or otherwise manipulating the free ends to adjust or tighten the tensioning structures 4 intraoperatively, during a follow-up procedure, or remotely post procedure. Again, these adjustments can facilitate chronic maintenance of positive hemodynamic conditions.
Active Cardiac Support Structures and Integrated Multi-Site Pacing
A covering 234 encapsulates the wires and electrode(s) 232 exposing the electrode(s) through windows opposite at least a portion of the electrodes in the covering. Covering 234 (e.g., urethane, polyurethane, silicone, or other implantable polymer) may be extruded, injection molded, or dipped around the wire(s) such that discrete regions of the wires are exposed to define the electrode(s). Alternatively, laser cutting, chemical etching, or other removal process may be used to cut regions of covering to expose the electrode(s).
The embodiment shown in
In other embodiments (not shown) where a single wire is used to define discrete electrodes, the pacing can be applied in unipolar mode from the electrodes to another reference electrode (e.g., the conductive cam of the pacemaker 236 or another electrode positioned within the body).
It should be noted that any combination of signal wire numbers, electrode numbers, electrode lengths, electrode diameters, and connection schemes can be used to tailor the integrated multi-site pacing lead and heart compression/reinforcement mechanism. Indeed, the synergistic combination of multi-site pacing and cardiac reinforcement offered by the subject structure (especially when configured for helical application to the heart) with an integrated support structure takes advantage of the benefits in contractility demonstrated with multi-site pacing adapted to the patient's specific needs and the mechanical compressing and reverse remodeling observed with tension reduction and volume reduction.
Cardiac Support Structure with Integrated Active Compression Mechanism
Such active cardiac support structures could be arranged to work in synchrony with the requirements of the heart's a-v node, an implantable pacemaker 236 or any prescribed or desired requirement as driven by an energy source 238 specifically designed to work with the structure. In any case,
As with cardiac support structures 4 employing multi-site pacing capabilities, the synergistic combination of active compression and cardiac reinforcement with an integrated support structures can be configured to provide a patient-specific active contractile assistance during systole while simultaneously providing the benefit of reverse remodeling observed with tension reduction and volume reduction. The structures can be configured to provide active contraction in synchrony with a pacemaker or similar controller to provide contraction as determined by the pacemaker circuitry algorithm or on demand as required.
Structure Materials and General Fabrication Methods
The various embodiments of the invention will generally be fabricated from various biological, metallic, and/or polymeric materials as typically employed by those with skill in the art. Certain cardiac support structures comprise tensile members 84 (e.g., tube, ribbon, strand, or wire, which can limit elongation with satisfactory elasticity based upon the selection of material properties and cross sectional area) incorporating at least one stress distribution feature such that the tensioning structure 4 can apply tension against tissue without damaging the contacted tissue regions. A variety of materials can be used as the tensile member 84 of the tensioning structure 4, including PTFE, expanded PTFE, nylon, silicone, urethane derivatives, polyurethane, polypropylene, PET, polyester, superelastic materials (e.g., nickel titanium alloy), other alloys (e.g., stainless steel, titanium alloy etc.), metal (e.g., titanium), biological materials (e.g., strips of pericardium, collagen, elastin, vascular tissue such as a saphenous vein or radial artery, tendons, ligaments, skeletal muscle, submucosal tissue etc.) other alternate materials having the desired properties, or a combination of these and other materials.
The performance of the cardiac support structure will depend upon and can be tailored to the desired features. For example, when column strength is required, superelastic materials or other alloys or metals are preferred tensile member bodies 84 of the tensioning structure 4. When pure tension is required and the cardiac support structure is to be deployed through tortuous access points, more flexible materials such as expanded PTFE, polyester, or other suture type materials may be preferred as tensile members. When absorption or biological integration is desired over a period of time, biological materials such as strips of pericardium or collagen, or absorbable materials are preferred.
In instances where anchor members 32 are secured to one or more tensile member(s) 84, the anchors may be fabricated from biocompatible materials commonly used in medical implants including nickel titanium (especially, for self-expanding or thermally-actuated anchors), deformable stainless steel (especially for balloon-expanded anchors), spring stainless steel, or other metals and alloys capable of being deformed using balloon catheters or other expansive means, or self-expanded to secure the tensioning structure 4 to the vasculature, myocardium, or other tissue. Alternatively, the anchors 32 can be fabricated from superelastic polymers, flexible or deformable polymers such as urethane, expanded PTFE, or stiff materials such as FEP, polycarbonate, etc.
For self-expanding components of the embodiments (e.g., some tensile member embodiments), those components are preferably fabricated from a superelastic, shape memory material like nitinol (nickel titanium alloy). These types of materials elastically deform upon exposure to an external force and return to their preformed shape upon reduction or removal of the external force. Superelastic shape memory alloys enable straining of the material numerous times without plastic deformation. The repetitive strain capability facilitates a limited systolic stretch to enable adequate cardiac output while limiting or restricting the possibility of over stretch and continuation of the cyclic damage.
Various components of the cardiac support structures can be fabricated from shape memory alloys (e.g., nickel titanium) demonstrating stress-induced martensite at ambient temperature. Other shape memory alloys can be used and the superelastic material can alternatively exhibit austenite properties at ambient temperature. The composition of the shape memory alloy is preferably chosen to produce the finish and start martensite transformation temperatures (Mf and Ms) and the start and finish austenite transformation temperatures (As and Af) depending on the desired material response. When fabricating shape memory alloys that exhibit stress induced martensite the material composition is chosen such that the maximum temperature that the material exhibits stress-induced martensite properties (Md) is greater than Af and the range of temperatures between Af and Md covers the range of ambient temperatures to which the support members are exposed. When fabricating shape memory alloys that exhibit austenite properties and do not transform to martensite in response to stress, the material composition is chosen such that both Af and Md are less than the range of temperatures to which the supports are exposed. Of course, Af and Md can be chosen at any temperatures provided the shape memory alloy exhibits superelastic properties throughout the temperature range to which they are exposed.
By way of example, nickel titanium alloy having an atomic ratio of 51.2% Ni to 48.8% Ti exhibits an Af of approximately −20� C.; nickel titanium having an atomic ratio of 50% Ni to 50% Ti exhibits an Af of approximately 10� C. Melzer A, Pelton A. Superelastic Shape-Memory Technology of Nitinol in Medicine. Min Invas Ther & Allied Technol. 2000: 9(2) 59-60. Such superelastic components are able to withstand strain as high as about 8 to 10% without plastically deforming.
Materials other than superelastic shape memory alloys can replace superelastic materials in appropriate cardiac support structure components provided they can be elastically deformed within the temperature, stress, and strain parameters required to maximize the elastic restoring force, thereby enabling the tensioning structures 4 to exert a directional force in response to an induced deflection. Such materials include other shape memory alloys, bulk metallic glasses, amorphous Beryllium, suitable ceramic compositions, spring stainless steel 17-7, Elgiloy™ and related alloys, superelastic polymers, etc.
The tensile members of various force transfer structure embodiments can be fabricated from at least one rod, wire, suture, strand, strip, band, bar, tube, sheet, ribbon or other such raw material having the desired pattern, cross sectional profile, dimensions, or a combination of cross-sections. These raw materials can be formed from various standard means including but not limited to: extrusion, injection molding, press-forging, rotary forging, bar rolling, sheet rolling, cold drawing, cold rolling, using multiple cold working and annealing steps, or casting. When using superelastic materials or other alloys as the tensile members, they can be cut into the desired pattern and thermally formed into the desired three-dimensional geometric form. The tensile members can then be cut into the desired length, pattern or other geometric form using various means including, but not limited to, conventional abrasive sawing, water jet cutting, laser cutting, EDM machining, photochemical etching or other etching techniques. The addition of holes, slots, notches and other cut away areas on the support structure body facilitates the capability to tailor the stiffness of the implant.
The tensile members, especially those that employ the use of tubular or wire raw materials, can also be further modified via centerless grinding means to enable tensile members that are tapered (i.e., have a cross-sectional diameter on the proximal end of the structure that progressively ramps down to a smaller cross-section on the opposite or distal end).
When fabricating superelastic tensile members from tubing, the raw material can have an oval, circular, rectangular, square, trapezoidal, or other cross-sectional geometry capable of being cut into the desired pattern. After cutting the desired pattern, the tensile members are formed into the desired shape, heated, for example, between 300� C. and 600� C., and allowed to cool in the preformed geometry to set the shape of the tensile members.
When fabricating superelastic tensile members from flat sheets of raw material, the raw material can be configured with at least one width, W, and at least one wall thickness, T, throughout the raw material. As such, the raw sheet material can have a consistent wall thickness, a tapered thickness, or sections of varying thickness. The raw material is then cut into the desired pattern, and thermally shaped into the desired three-dimensional geometry. Opposite ends or intersections of thermally formed tensile members can be secured by using shrink tubing, applying adhesives, welding, soldering, mechanically engaging, utilizing another bonding means or a combination of these bonding methods. Opposite ends of the thermally formed tensile members can alternatively be free-floating to permit increased flexibility.
Once superelastic tensile members are fabricated and formed into the desired three-dimensional geometry, the supports can be electropolished, tumbled, sand blasted, chemically etched, ground, or otherwise treated to remove any edges and/or produce a smooth surface.
The previous discussions provide description of minimally invasive, cardiac support structures used to treat degenerative heart disease in patients suffering any stage of congestive heart failure. In addition, the described inventions provide methods and devices to provide restriction of continued enlargement of the heart, potentially progressively reducing heart size via reverse remodeling (i.e., application of compressive force during both systole and diastole), improving atrial pump synchrony and efficiency thereby mitigating the morbidity and mortality effects of atrial fibrillation and finally decreasing valvular regurgitation associated with said enlargement. However, those skilled in the art should appreciate that at least certain ones of the structures described herein can be applied across a broad spectrum of organ structures to provide reinforcement and to limit enlargement facilitated by compensatory physiologic mechanisms.
Accordingly, the invention is not to be limited to the uses noted or by way of the exemplary description provided herein. Numerous modifications and/or additions to the above-described embodiments may be applied; it is intended that the scope of the present inventions extend to all such modifications and/or additions. The breadth of the present invention is to be limited only by the literal or equitable scope of the following claims. That being said,
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Spring 2015 Membership Campaign
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The CX2310 SUPER-X PRO from Behringer is an active frequency crossover enabling two-way stereo or three-way mono operation. Each band features two 24dB Linkwitz-Riley filters, as well as individual polarity switches for each output that allow for quick and easy runtime compensation for various driver and horn types.
Additionally, the CX2310 adds a separately adjustable subwoofer output that provides an extra low-frequency band. The unit is housed in a single rack space chassis and has illuminated switches for ease of use in dark environments.
- Professional high-precision stereo 2-way or mono 3-way crossover
- 24dB per octave Linkwitz-Riley filters
- Flat summed amplitude response, zero phase difference
- Separate sub woofer section with independent frequency control
- Individual output level controls for all bands
- Individual output mutes for easy band adjustment and individual phase reverse switches for instant phase correction
- Switchable 25Hz subsonic filter on each input for low-frequency driver protection
- Adjustable time delay for phase alignment between drivers
- Illuminated switches for secure operation in dark stage environments
- Shielded toroidal mains transformer for minimal noise interference


text:
Athens Shore Excursion: Small-Group Food Tour
- Details
- Reviews
- Explore the local streets on a walking tour of the city
- Free port pickup and drop-off included
- Led by a local guide
- Small group ensures personal service
Your licensed guide will lead you on a food stroll and introduce you to small, hidden specialty food shops. Listen to commentary about the unique and intricate culinary heritage of Greece, as well as the famous Mediterranean diet, hailed today as a model of healthy living.
A genuine Athenian food tour would not be complete without a visit to the vibrant and central Varvakeios food market. Its bustling energy and colorful world of fruit and spice stalls and meat and fish vendors truly make for a cultural experience.
Worry-free Shore Excursion:
We will ensure your timely return to the Athens port for this activity. In the rare event your ship has departed, we will arrange for transportation to the next port-of-call. If your ship is delayed and you are unable to attend this activity, your money will be refunded. See our terms and conditions for full details.
Schedule details
Select a month to view a calendar of availability and departure details.
Pricing information
Click the link below to check pricing & availability on your preferred travel date. Our pricing is constantly updated to ensure you always receive the lowest price possible.
Pricing information
Athens Shore Excursion: Small-Group Food Tour
- Food tasting
- Local guide
- Port pickup and drop off
- Small group tour
- Worry-Free Shore Excursion Guarantee
- Gratuities (optional)
- Entrance fees
- Confirmation will be received at time of booking
Traveler Reviews
Reviewed by: NorthUmpquaFarms, November 2014
This is an excellent tour. We are still telling friends stories from this tour and its experiences. This is a tour of the REAL Athens old town -- not the tourist area. Food shops and restaurants were very good and the vegetable and fish/meat markets were interesting (and clean). We take food tours often in our travels and find it a great way to really experience an area. The cruise ship pick-up was easy and on time. However, the ride back to the ship was several hours after the end of the walking tour and a substantial distance from the end of the tour as well as being within an hour of sailing time. We opted to cancel that ride and our guide was nice enough to call us a taxi and arrange a fare to take us to our ship. I would highly recommend this tour.
Reviewed by: Paul W, October 2014
This was a fantastic way to see a new city from a different perspective. Despina our tour guide was extremely knowledgeable about the history of Greek food and drink and how it was interwoven with other more recent cultures. Our tour group was nice and small and ranged in nationalities from Europe to Asia. We would strongly recommend this tour and will definitely use this tour company again.


text: All Songs Considered Arto Lindsay, Camera Obscura, Iron and Wine May 11, 2004 Lo-fi folk from Miami's Iron and Wine; Avant-garde jazz pianist Marilyn Crispell; Polynesia's 126-member Tahitian Choir; Light chamber pop from Camera Obscura; An album never meant to be from Ric Menck; Israeli Beatle pop from the Rockfour. Featured Artist: Arto Lindsay. Real Media Windows Media


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College baseball: FGCU's Sale named semifinalist for Pitcher of the Year
Florida Gulf Coast University junior left-hander Chris Sale continued to pull in accolades on Wednesday when he was named one of 10 semifinalists on the College Baseball Foundation's Pitcher of the Year Watch List.
The award will be presented in Lubbock, Texas, on July 2 as part of a weeklong celebration of college baseball put on by the College Baseball Foundation that also includes the induction ceremony for the National College Baseball Hall of Fame.
Joining Sale on the list are: Seth Blair (Arizona State), Noe Ramirez (Cal State Fullerton), Anthony Meo (Coastal Carolina), Drew Pomeranz (Ole Miss), Alex Wimmers (Ohio State), Chance Ruffin (Texas), John Stilson (Texas A&M), Danny Hultzen (Virginia), Matt Purke (TCU).
The 13th overall pick in the MLB First-Year Player Draft by the Chicago White Sox, Sale finished the year with an 11-0 record with two saves and a 2.01 ERA in 17 appearances. He also racked up 146 strikeouts with just 14 walks.
Sale was named National Player of the Year by Collegiate Baseball and a Louisville Slugger NCAA Division I first-team All-American.
* * *
Seth Blair, Jr. – Arizona State
Noe Ramirez, So. – Cal State Fullerton
Anthony Meo, So. – Coastal Carolina
Chris Sale, Jr. – Florida Gulf Coast
Drew Pomeranz, Jr. – Mississippi
Alex Wimmers, Jr. – Ohio State
Chance Ruffin, Jr. – Texas
John Stilson, So. – Texas A&M
Danny Hultzen, So. – Virginia
Matt Purke, Fr. – TCU
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3 bed, 2 full bath, 1 half bath. Renovated home on 2. 6 Acre Cul De Sac in South Monroe County. Home has a completely new kitchen wiMore info
3 bed, 2 full bath. Centrally located one level home convenient to North Macon and down town. Detached workshop and fenMore info
4 bed, 2 full bath, 1 half bath. Nice brick home located in high desirable area also 4 bed room with 2 full baths and 1 half bath thMore info
4 bed, 6 full bath, 1 half bath. Lakefront home with many extras. Much additional living space in walk out basement area. Great viewMore info
3 bed, 3 full bath. Hardwood under carpet in main rooms of home (excluding den, breakfast room, and kitchen). (3) FullMore info
2 bed, 2 full bath. Listing Agent: DON DUVALL; (404) 402-0390; Don@DDuvall. com; Tidy, cute and cheerful home in convenMore info
3 bed, 1 full bath, 1 half bath. Sold As IS, short sale, 3 bedroom, 1. 5 bath with fence back yard.More info
3 bed, 1 full bath. Frame Cottage with front porch,hardwood flooring,tile bathroom surround,central heat and air,deep lMore info
3 bed, 2 full bath. WOW this home has been TOTALLY RENOVATED! Beautiful home in great Sub-South location situated on laMore info
4 bed, 2 full bath, 1 half bath. Nice heighborhood and good school district. 1. 38 acres. Large 3 BR, 2. 5 BA home with finished basMore info


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Jan 28, 2011
- Citing the company's leadership on climate change, Citi has been approved by the Ceres board of directors as a Ceres network company. Citi Inc. is the world's largest financial services company, which provides global consumer services, corporate investment banking, global wealth management and alternative investment services. Citi is among several leading financial service companies, including Bank of America, State Street, and Wachovia, that have joined Ceres, a leading coalition of investors, environmental groups and public interest organizations working with companies to address sustainability challenges. Citi is among more than 70 companies in the Ceres network, including more than 20 Fortune 500 companies.
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- Citing Promotional Product Solutions' (PPS) ethical sourcing and socially responsible promotion initiatives, PPS has been approved by the Ceres board of directors as a Ceres company.
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KTM LC4 (640) Thread Index
View Single Post
Joined: May 2013
Oddometer: 46
ktm 640 supermoto FSM
anybody have a FSM for the 640 motor that they would like to share?
i have recently noticed oil leaking from behind the front sprocket.......i have only had the bike for three months and just this week started noticing oil spray on the rear wheel and a few drops of oil on the ground under the engine of the bike after sitting a hour or so.
i took the plastic cover off where the front sprocket is and looks like it is coming from somewhere behind the sprocket.....is there some kind of gasket or something there that would be leaking?
i havent taken the sprocket off yet because i am using the bike for work and it is beatiful weather right now in toronto.
plus i dont want to attempt without an FSM before buying required part and having my bike out of service.
also the owners manual does not say what the sight glass is on the right side of the motor ..... i know the left side with the two hash marks is the oil fill level but can anybody enlighten me what the right side is for...because it is not showing anything inside...i believe it is crankcase oil also but does not show anything until the bike is started.
thank in advance........Paul.
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Stephen Colbert Outraged By 'Eaten Alive'
Stephen has some problems with Discovery's attempt to have a man eaten by an anaconda.
Stephen has some problems with Discovery's attempt to have a man eaten by an anaconda.
Do you remember when the space shuttle Discovery launched into space for the first time in 1984?
It seems like the world was more into the magnificence of what it takes to get one of these puppies into outer space and after traveling over 148 million miles during 39 missions ... Nasa has decided to call it quits.
The Space Shuttle Discovery is on its last mission ... and Colonel Eric Boe is on board the spacecraft making calls to his Nana in Florida!
The first time he called Gladys Roscoe was in 2008 during a separate mission aboard the Endeavor, but the 93-year old wasn't home because she was out square dancing!!
This time her grandson called and Gladys was by the phone and ready to pick-up! Click here to watch the video.


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Call Toll Free:1-800-968-2424
These limited edition presentation pieces, featuring popular subjects from literature, history and folklore, showcase the creative talents of Royal Doulton's Art Director Charles Noke and his most accomplished assistant, Harry Fenton. Folk heroes are inevitably colorful characters and thus eminently suitable as subject matter for these lively jugs. It is the attention to rich detail and overall presentation that enhances this range of prestigious jugs and makes them admired among collectors today all over the world.


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2008 January Orlando, FL (FUN) Signature Coin Auction #454
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|Printable auction results for all items in the 2008 January Orlando, FL (FUN) Signature Coin Auction.
Perhaps 7 or 8 Known
"Apparently about a half dozen Proofs are known, and quite possibly only four or five. Such pieces were mostly (but not entirely) issued as part of silver Proof sets in the year 1841, distributed to a very limited circle-probably not more than a dozen sets at best-and in the meantime widely dispersed. Later, as American numismatics became popular, a number of collectors desired to acquire Proofs of the 1840s, but most of this fascination was with half cents (which were rare in just about every account) and Proof Liberty Seated dollars. Generally, Proofs of the half dime, dime, quarter dollar, and half dollar were ignored or made in smaller quantities, and today these are far rarer than their dollar-sized cousins (which themselves are rare).
A total of seven 1841 proof half dollars have been certified by NGC and PCGS. NGC has graded three PR64 coins and one PR65, while PCGS has seen a PR61, a PR62, and a PR63.
The following is a roster of 1841 proof half dollars:
1. Proof. Smithsonian Institution.
2. Proof. American Numismatic Society.
3. PR65 NGC. James Kelly (privately, 1946; John Jay Pittman (David Akers, 10/1997, lot 1522, $44,000; Richmond Collection (David Lawrence, 3/2005), lot 1786, $47,150; American Numismatic Rarities (9/2005), lot 413; Goldberg Coins (2/2006), lot 1472, $55,200.
4. PR64 NGC. The present Kaufman piece. John G. Mills (S. H. and H. Chapman, 4/1904); J.M Clapp; Clapp Estate (1942); Louis Eliasberg, Sr.; Eliasberg Estate (Bowers and Merena, 4/1997, lot 1919, $18,700.
5. PR64 NGC. Superior (5/1990), lot 3803, $30,800.
6. PR62. Charles A. Cass; Empire Collection (Stack's, 11/1957), lot 1352, $110; Reed Hawn (Stack's 8/1973), lot 137, $2,100; Auction'81 (RARCOA), lot 137, &1,550; Auction '90 (Stack's), lot 210, $8,800; Stack's (3/ 2007), lot 849.
7. PR62 PCGS. Dr. R. H. Wilson; 1952 ANA (New Netherlands), lot 310; Elliot Landau (New Netherlands, 52nd Sale, 12/1958; lot 575; Dr. James O. Sloss (Bowers and Merena, 1/1999), lot 1137.
8. PR61 PCGS. Bowers and Merena (7/2005), lot 550, $16,675.
Additional Appearances
A. Proof. David Golding (Stack's, 6/1952), lot 232.
B. Proof. Gustav Lichtenfels Collection (Kriesberg and Schulman, 2/1961), lot 2806. "Brilliant Proof. Sharp square edge. One of the very few in existence. Rare." Not plated.
C. Proof. Amwest (7/1981).
D. Proof. George H. Earle (H. Chapman, 6/1912), lot 2970.
On the reverse, several of the vertical lines in the shield extend entirely through the horizontals, to the top of the shield. Otherwise, both dies are exquisitely engraved.
Exquisite design definition is visible on the design elements of this lovely near-Gem proof example from the Eliasberg and Kaufman collections. Moreover, they are impressively highlighted by the deeply mirrored fields, standing out amidst them when the coin is rotated under a light source. Delicate powder-blue and lilac toning resides on each side, and the well preserved surfaces reveal just a few faint hairlines interspersed among die polish lines in the fields. The only pedigree marker that we can locate occurs on Liberty's right (left facing) arm above the elbow.
From The Phil Kaufman Collection of Early Seated Proof Sets, Part Two. (PCGS# 6385)
View all of [The Phil Kaufman Collection of Early Seated Proof Sets, Part Two]
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The Draped Bust Half Dollars of 1796-1797 by Jon Amato is the culmination of more than 10 years of research into the Draped Bust Small Eagle half dollar series, one of the most coveted type coins in American numismatics and one about which remarkably little has been written.
This work will be the premier reference for 1796-1797 half dollars for years to come. Institutions having an extensive numismatic library or coin cabinet will find it a valuable complement to their holdings, and catalogers charged with writing up specimens for auction can now have an indispensable source of background and pedigree information. Likewise, coin dealers seeking to purchase one or more '96 or '97 half dollars for a client or for inventory, and collectors who own, have owned, or desire to own one will want this important reference work for their libraries.
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Contact Us
Phone: 701-710-0921
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Frequently Asked Questions
Classes already started, but my daughter still wants to join. Can we still sign up?
YES! It is never too late to join us at Just For Kix. If it's still September, it will be very easy to get going. Just come to class on Thursday night and we'll get your dancers caught up with the routine and you caught up with registration. Mid-January is also a great time to start as we begin new routines after our winter show. You can also chat with me before coming to your first class, using the contact information above.
How do I sign my child up for dance class?
You can do this two ways. You can print and fill out a personal data form and mail that to the mailing address above with your $14 registration fee. Class options and costume information can also be found online. OR you can attend one of our registration nights or class nights (Thursdays) and sign up in person.
Do you have to take kick to be in a jazz class?
Yes, you do. We cover many core dance skills in kick classes. That is why they are a prerequisite for jazz classes. Dancers would struggle in jazz without being in kick as well.
I don't know which preschool class to put my child in. Tiny Kix or Pre Petites?
Tiny Kix is meant for beginner dancers, ages 3-4 years old. Pre Petites is meant for dancers who may have some dance or listening skill experience already, ages 4-5 years old.
That being said, I know that some families would prefer to chose based on the times the classes are offered. Because of that, I will allow 3-5 year olds of any experience level in either preschool class.
What should dancers wear to class? What if she doesn't have dance shoes yet?
My only requirment is that dancers wear appropriate, work-out type clothing. They just need to be comfortable and able ot move around. Many of the pre-1st grade dancers will wear leotards and tutus to class, because they love to wear them, but that is not a requirement. I want dancers to wear their dance shoes at class. If their shoes have not yet arrived, they can wear clean tennis shoes or socks.
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Bombcast Breakdown!! - 7.22.2008 - #27
By Matthew 3 Comments
Because two exclamation marks means you're super serial about it!
I have this weird goal of going through each show and taking copious notes, as this whole college thing has taught me. You can find all of the previous entries in this series via my blog, the Bombcast forum, or simply by searching up top. Whenever there is pertinent discussion on a given topic/game/person, I'll do my best to link that individual Breakdown to that particular page.
This is a fluid list. Beta as its popular to be known as. Things are going to be dynamic, pertaining to formatting and such, until I get a feel for how things are going to turn out. Categories may be added, renamed, or simply taken away on 'cast to 'cast basis. Let me know if you see something wrong! This is as much mine as it is yours!
- Voices - obvious enough, who's in the podcast
- Reviewed - initially going to be reserved for the taste testing they did early on in the series, will see how things turn out later when they start phasing it out
- Movies mentioned - despite being a videogame-centric podcast, these guys have some serious debates on movies and people/ideas pertaining to them
- Games mentioned - games/game series mentioned on the 'cast. Listed if the game has some type of discussion or context behind it, not simply if name dropped
- Names dropped - much like the games mentioned, people mentioned if it pertains to the 'cast
- Out of context quotes - the tiny crazy bits we all love our boys saying. taken directly out of context makes it even more hilarious
- Timestamps-the parts of the 'cast that are fairly easy to distinguish with Ryans segway ability. Oft times these will seamless lead into a bigger discussion on the topic
- Definitive quotes - the bits where they're all business, and give their honest opinion/prediction on a topic. If you were to jump to a time in the 'cast, these would be it
- General notes - ideas I've garnered from the crew during the 'cast
- ******* - multiple astricks denote a few minutes of the 'cast you'd do well listening to, if for nothing else than the hilarity/gravitas of it all
- 1+ - denotes where they talk about a certain topic for more than a minute, instead of simply dropping the name in there for no discussion.
Giant Bombcast ep.19 -- 7.22.2008
VoicesRyan Davis, Vinny Caravella, Jeff Gerstmann, Brad Shoemaker
Games Mentioned
- Gears of War 2 (7.38)
- MVP Baseball 2005 (7.59)
Out of Context Quotes
- Shoes and beer, all you need to launch a website - ryan (3.36)
- you know what the magic ingrediant was, the special sauce if you will, was users! - brad (4.33)
- yea, we have over 10000 regersitered users now. hello. - jeff (7.12)
- flex your english skills, get some rephrasing going on - ryan (12.17)
- you'll always be jose apple to me. change your icon - vinny 13.19)
- at one point dave said 'so, dark background I guess?' and i said yeah - jeff (16.24)
- i'm gonna use this microphone to crush in zombie-vinny's skull - ryan (39.29)
- i bet a zombie invasion smells really bad - vinny (40.07)
Definitive Quotes
- Rule number one of the forums - don't be a dick - jeff (17.42)
- if people are gonna be jerks, we're gonna have to use technology to solve a social issue - jeff (18.05)
- We do not discorage trivia sections - jeff (19.48)
- i love seeing the naked obsession people have with video games laid bare - ryan (23.09)
- They get all analytical/corporate speak on the intro (.27) ************
- Hey, lets launch a website (1.37) *************
- origins of the hamburger forum (5.35)
- people are getting it. knowing what to do with the site (6.35)
- moderation and ways you can help out(8.54)
- White version of the site 'coming' (15.45)
- call-out for pages yearning to be filled out (16.32)
- Frequency (16.45)
- forum courtesy (17.35)
- Emails (19.05-41.50)
- trivia entering on the wiki page (19.14)
- is The Kracken a character or concept (20.12)
- points for blogging and writing reviews along with wiki editting (23.28)
- place to show off gamercards on the site (24.32)
- card games on the genre list (26.28)
- guides or FAQS, where to put'em (27.28)
- a way to get back to the original blog (28.42)
- TGS/PAX plans (29.44)
- how does brad get his sideburns so even (34.06) ***************
- Advertising on the site (35.51)
- Zombie invasion or nuclear fallout (37.52)
- iphone specific version of the site (40.53)
- Games for Windows Live is free now (42.12)
- New Releases (42.48)
- Final Fantasy IV (42.50)
- Unreal Tournament III (43.00)
- 1942 (43.10)
- GO! GO! Break Steady (43.20)
General Notes
- they get back from e3 on friday, and sunday night they launch the site. majority of what's talked about during this 'cast
- Brad, Ryan, and Jeff fully endorse San Franciscos own Original Palace Barber Shop down on Mission and 2nd.


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product details-Tab
H85 Champagne
Dramatic Hi-Precision Pull-Through Cap Highlights
For Light Blonde to Light Brown Long Hair
Color Results Guide: This is recommended for Light Blonde to Light Brown
Results are shown on natural, non-color treated hair. Highlights on color-treated hair may be less visible. Naturally darker hair will yield warmer results.
This product can be used on natural, color-treated, or permed hair. Please wait to use 2 weeks after perming.
This Complete Frost & Design Kit contains:
Complete Kit for 1 Application
Questions? Talk to a Highlight Specialist toll-free at 1-800-631-7358, Mon-Fri, 9AM to 7PM EST from anywhere in the continental U.S. or visit website at lorealparis.com.
Lightening Powder: Potassium Persulfate, Sodium Silicate, Sodium Persulfate, Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, Urea, Kaolin, Magnesium Stearate, Ammonium Chloride, Diethylhexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, VP/VA Copolymer, Polydecene, Sodium Metasilicate, Magnesium Peroxide, EDTA, CL 77891/Titanium Dioxide, Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba (Guar) Gum, Sodium Carboxymethyl Starch, Sodium Benzoate, F.I.L. #D5004/9
Creme Developer: Aqua/Water, Hydrogen Peroxide, Cetearyl Alcohol, Trideceth-2, Carboxamide MEA, Ceteareth-30, Glycerin, Pentasodium Pentetate, Sodium Stannate, Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate, F.I.L. #D56/21
Frosting Protective Creme: Aqua/Water, Cetearyl Alcohol, Ammonium Hydroxide, Oleth-30, Hexadimethrine Chloride, Oleic Acid, Oleyl Alcohol, Pentasodium Pentetate, Ethanolamine, Parfum/Fragrance, Linalool, Coumarin, Alphaisomethyl Ionone, Geraniol, Citronellol, F.I.L. #D7529/3
Color Toning Rinse: Aqua/Water, Polyquaternium-11, Tartaric Acid, PEG-2 Oleamine, Parfum/Fragrance, Chlorhexidine Dihydrochloride, Simethicone, Hydrochloric Acid, CL 60730/Ext. Violet 2, Acid Blue 62, F.I.L. #D8210/3
After Frosting Conditioning Shampoo: Water/Aqua, Disodium Cocoamphodipropionate, PPG-5-Ceteth-10 Phosphate, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, PPG-12-PEG-50 Lanolin, Glycol Distearate, Polyquaternium-10, Phosphoric Acid, Cocamide MIPA, Parfum/Fragrance, Tartaric Acid, Methylparaben, Quaternium-15, Propylene Glycol, Propylparaben, Citronellol, Hexyl Cinnamal, Butylphenyl Methylpropional, Linalool, Amyl Cinnamal, Fragaria Vesca/Strawberry Juice, Rubus Ideaus/Raspberry Juice, Pyrus Malus/Apple Juice, Citrus Limonum/Lemon Juice, F.I.L. #D7452/7
Caution: Keep out of reach of children. Avoid contact with eyes and skin. This product contains persulfates and other ingredients, which may cause serious irritant, respiratory and/or allergic reactions. Do not inhale or ingest. Prepare and use only in well ventilated area. Enclosed insert contains important health and safety information. Read accompanying directions completely prior to use. Do not use on relaxed hair.
L'Oreal USA, Inc.
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L"Oreal frost highlights
By DAC
from Ojai ,Ca.
describe yourself Brand Buyer
See all my reviews
Comments about L'Oreal Paris SFX Frost & Design Pull-Through Cap Highlights, Frost & Design: Champagne H85, 1 ea:
I have no cons on this product operator does my hair I take this in for her to use. we both like it does hair just the way I like it done. we don't use cap use foil.as hair is real long, smell good not like other frost chemicals. very pleased with it order it one day and most time on my porch the next day. very fast delivery. I keep a supply of it on hand so when hair needs it have my own. Thank youDAC
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This is great would tell friends about t
I have had no problem with this product. daughter did it the first time. took it to the shop she used it on my hair and agreed a great product. makes your hair light fast. Doesn't frizz hair . hope never discontinue making it.
Bottom Line Yes, I would recommend this to a friend
L"Oreal frost & Design
success have used it twice good resultspulled thru first time2nd time operator used weave method.both good results. probably should use every 6 months if hair grows fast. I used it a year apart ends were still blondeuse blonde shampoo and conditioner is what I use. love it.
Great Highlights!
By Kit Kat
from MA
I've used this product about 5 times and I love it! I find using this kit is great if you don't want to spend a lot of money getting it done at the salon. It does smell very strong so you should do it in a well ventilated area.
(6 of 6 customers found this review helpful)
By *~KELLY~*
from Battle Creek, MI
I loved this product! The color is wonderful and it turned out better than I though it would! The only thing is I would not recommend pulling your hair through a cap especially if you have long hair. It didnt feel good at all! I would buy the product because the color is amazing and find an alternative way to put the highlights on such as foils. But overall great product will definitely purchase this again:)
(4 of 4 customers found this review helpful)
I bought this last ...
By Tiffany
from Undisclosed
I bought this last weekend & actually let my boyfriend do it. It looks great! I would definitely purchase this product again, but if I do I would leave it on a little longer than 35 minutes because my hair is a dark strawberry blonde.


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Vegetable Cheese Appetizer Puffs
|For puff shells
|1⁄4 Cup (4 tbs)
|1⁄2 Cup (8 tbs)
|All-purpose flour
|1⁄2 Cup (8 tbs)
|For filling
|Cottage cheese
|2⁄3 Cup (10.67 tbs)
|Minced celery
|3 Tablespoon
|Minced carrot
|3 Tablespoon
|Minced scallion
|2 Tablespoon (Green Onion)
|3 Medium
|Dijon-style mustard
|2 Teaspoon
|Prepared horseradish
|1 Teaspoon
|1⁄8 Teaspoon
|1 Dash
Puff Shells:
Preheat oven to 400°F.
Place margarine in 1-quart saucepan; add water and bring to a boil.
Add flour all at once and, using a wooden spoon, stir vigorously until mixture leaves sides of pan and forms a ball; remove from heat.
Add eggs, 1 at a time, beating well after each addition until mixture is smooth (dough should be smooth and shiny).
Spray a heavy aluminum baking sheet with nonstick cooking spray; drop dough by rounded 1/2 teaspoonsful onto sprayed baking sheet, making 24 mounds and leaving a space of about 1 1/2 inches between each.
Bake for 15 minutes.
Reduce oven temperature to 350°F and bake for 15 minutes longer.
Turn oven off and remove baking sheet.
Using the point of a sharp knife, pierce side of each shell; return to turned-off oven and let stand for 10 minutes, leaving oven door ajar.
Carefully transfer shells to wire rack away from drafts and let cool.
In small bowl combine all ingredients for filling; mix until well blended.
Shortly before serving, using a sharp knife, slice off top of each puff shell.
Spoon an equal amount of vegetable-cheese filling (about 1 1/2 teaspoons) into each shell; replace tops and serve.


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Where to Put Your Cash Now
With Interest Rates Stuck Near Zero, Investors Have Little Choice but to Take On More Risk. Here's How to Do It Smartly
It is a simple question, but the answer has rarely been so complicated: Where should you park your cash?
Interest rates are so low these days that the most cautious savers are getting practically nothing in return. Yet the financial crisis showed major risks lurking within supposedly "safe" investments like money-market mutual funds.
Meanwhile, the stock market continues to rally, rewarding risk takers with strong returns—and prompting others to worry that they are keeping too much money in boring old cash.
Joanne Courville is among the investors torn between their fear of risk and their loathing of low yields. Last summer, the 52-year-old director of alumni relations at a university in New Orleans moved about half of her 401(k) balance into a money market fund. "Then I realized I was making 0.03%," Ms. Courville says. She has since moved some money back into annuities and stock funds, but "I'm still scared," she says. "I don't want to lose everything I worked for."
That is a natural impulse, of course. But investors today have to weigh their cash hoard with a cold, calculating eye as well as a careful assessment of their personal risk tolerance.
Some people with very steady income, no fear of losing their job and no dependents may be able to get away with a simple emergency fund holding three months' worth of living expenses.
But most people, including those with high-paying, specialized jobs that could take a long time to replace, high recurring expenses like mortgage and auto payments, or the prospect of big medical or tuition bills, need a more extensive cash plan. These people may want to consider keeping nine months to a year's worth of living expenses spread across a range of cash and near-cash vehicles.
Average One-Year Returns
- Bank Savings Accounts: The average money-market savings-account yield is 0.63%
- Money-Market Mutual Funds: Average taxable money-fund one-year return: 0.04%
- Short-Term Bond Funds: Average one-year return is 3.37%
- Stable-Value Funds: Average one-year return is 3.1%
For them, the question of how much money to keep in various types of cash is crucial. Yet, complicating matters, some firms are rolling out new products or updating old ones to boost yield or bolster safety, blurring the lines between traditional cash categories.
So how much cash do you really need, and which types? What follows is a look at the four key cash buckets, from the simplest and safest to the riskiest and most complicated—along with advice on how much to put in each and what risks you should expect.
Bucket 1: A Rock-Solid Emergency Fund
Everyone should have at least three months' worth of living expenses stowed away in an emergency fund, advisers say. Since you don't know when you might need the money, this cash really should be money in the bank, where it is safe.
With the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. now covering deposits up to $250,000 per person, per bank—and other conservative investments yielding next to nothing—bank products remain the best bet for emergency funds.
Online savings accounts are offering yields up to just over 1%, according to Bankrate.com. Rewards checking accounts also offer attractive yields, typically on deposits up to about $25,000, says Greg McBride, senior financial analyst at Bankrate. Consumers have to clear some hurdles, like making a certain number of monthly debit-card transactions or using direct deposit, but "if it's a fit for your financial lifestyle, it's a slam dunk," he says.
Bucket 2: A Flexible Cash Cushion That's Safe, but Not Risk-Free
Despite their current low yields, money-market funds make sense for investors who want a pile of cash that they can move into the stock or bond market at a moment's notice. By contrast, it can take a day or two to pull a big chunk of cash from a savings account and plunk it into a brokerage account.
The price for that flexibility is rock-bottom yields, which "aren't even in the same zip code as the yields on online savings accounts," says Bankrate's Mr. McBride. Taxable money funds yield just 0.03% on average, according to fund tracker iMoneyNet, down from 1.9% in August 2008.
Since there isn't much yield in any corner of the money-fund universe, there isn't any reason to stretch for a few extra hundredths of a percentage point by taking on more risk. Your best bet is to look mainly for safety.
That means eschewing funds that promise above-average returns but hold riskier corporate debt, while focusing instead on products that invest mainly in U.S. Treasurys, such as Fidelity U.S. Treasury Money Market or Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund.
Bucket 3: Higher-Risk Vehicles for Money You Won't Need Right Away
People who need to keep as much as a year's worth of cash on hand should put as much as nine months' worth in cash-like investments that carry more risk but offer potentially higher returns, such as short-term bond funds, advisers say.
Typically these funds are fairly stodgy, but the financial crisis showed how risky they can be when markets crack. The ultrashort-term Schwab YieldPlus fund, for example, lost 35% in 2008 because it was too heavily invested in mortgage-backed securities. Today, even funds with high-quality holdings pose the risk of principal losses in a rising-interest-rate environment. (Bond prices fall as interest rates rise.)
The yields, however, are much juicier than those of money-market funds, averaging about 2.4% right now, according to investment research firm Morningstar Inc. MORN -1.31 %
So how to play it? Anyone investing in a short-term bond fund should simply accept the risk of a paper loss over a one-year period, says Miriam Sjoblom, a fund analyst at Morningstar. It only becomes a real loss, after all, if you must sell. Conservative investors also should remember that funds with higher yields than their peers also come with more risk, Ms. Sjoblom says.
Short-term bond funds that get high marks from Morningstar include T. Rowe Price Short-Term Bond and Vanguard Short-Term Bond Index. During its current manager's roughly 16-year tenure, the T. Rowe Price fund's worst 12-month return came in the period ending March 2005, when the Federal Reserve was raising rates and the fund lost about 0.12%, according to Morningstar. The Vanguard fund also saw its worst 12 months during that period, when it lost 0.65%. The fund now yields about 2.2%, while the T. Rowe Price fund yields 2.6%.
Some firms are rolling out new short- and ultrashort-term vehicles aimed at investors who want slightly higher returns than money funds. Be warned: For some investors, the trading costs can eat heavily into returns.
For example, the Pimco Enhanced Short Maturity Strategy MINT 0.02 % exchange-traded fund, launched in late 2009, aims to deliver higher returns than money funds. The actively managed ETF, which already has attracted more than $900 million in assets, gained 1.6% last year, compared with 0.04% for the average taxable money fund tracked by iMoneyNet.
But the fund might not be a great cash vehicle for many smaller investors who deal in more modest investment sums, says Samuel Lee, ETF analyst at Morningstar. In addition to the ETF's annual expenses of 0.35%, investors must consider any commissions paid to buy and sell the fund. An investor who put $1,000 into the fund at the start of each month last year and paid a $7 commission each time would have seen his total commission cost of $84 amount to 1.3% of the average amount he held in the fund during the year—eating up most of the fund's 1.6% return, according to Morningstar.
On the plus side, given the tighter constraints on money-market funds, short-term bond funds' yield advantage over money funds should only grow if interest rates rise, says Jerome Schneider, who manages the ETF.
Bucket 4: Long-Term Savings
While investors shouldn't rely on retirement savings for immediate cash needs, they may find that their 401(k) menu includes an option with an attractive yield and a high degree of stability: a "stable value" fund. They can be an attractive cash-like option for savers who are getting close to retirement and want to make sure a big chunk of their holdings are fairly stable.
These funds, available only in tax-deferred savings plans such as 401(k)s, typically consist of a bond portfolio combined with bank or insurance-company "wrap" contracts. These contracts allow investors to trade in and out at a relatively stable value even as the market value of fund holdings fluctuates.
The average stable-value fund now yields around 3%, well above money-fund yields, according to Hueler Cos., which tracks the stable-value industry.
But these funds aren't risk-free. During the market slide, some funds' market value dropped substantially below their book value, and wrap providers became more reluctant to offer these contracts for the funds.
The limited availability of wrap contracts is dragging down returns for stable-value investors. The wrap fees have roughly quadrupled since 2007, to about 0.20% to 0.25%. And wrap providers, having grown more cautious since the financial crisis, are requiring shorter-term and higher-quality investments in the funds.
The wrap providers are asking for "more conservative everything," and have no tolerance for emerging-market debt, high-yield bonds, and other holdings that had previously been allowed in some funds, says Peter Chappelear, an executive director who oversees stable value funds at J.P. Morgan Chase JPM -0.81 % & Co.'s asset-management unit.
FDIC-insured products also are popping up in 401(k) plans—but the benefits are less clear for investors in these plans. BB&T Corp. BBT -1.61 % , for example, last summer introduced a FDIC-insured deposit program for 401(k)s, but it currently yields just 0.06%.
Since 401(k)s are for long-term retirement savings, low-yielding FDIC-insured products generally don't make much sense for these plans, 401(k) experts say. And given the inertia of many 401(k) participants, the danger is that "people are going to set it and forget it: move to cash and not get back in the game," says Bankrate's Mr. McBride.
Write to Eleanor Laise at email@example.com


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BMW 3.0 CSL Hommage pays tribute to motorsports icon
The BMW 3.0 CSL Hommage was built to pay tribute to the BMW 3.0 CSL, a timeless classic and iconic BMW Coupe from the 1970s.
The BMW 3.0 CSL Hommage was built to pay tribute to the BMW 3.0 CSL, a timeless classic and iconic BMW Coupe from the 1970s.
The question is not will Mitsubishi ever build a next generation Lancer Evolution XI, but what kind of vehicle will the EVO badge be attached to next?
Since the new Cadillac CT6 was introduced at the New York Auto Show, the focus of our attention has been on the powerful engine lineup that will be topped (for now) by a new twin turbo V6 with 400
Subaru brings the 2015 Outback, 2015 Forester and 2015 XV Crosstrek to the Denver Auto Show that runs April 8-12.
Last year it was the 2014 Jeep Cherokee that was named "SUV of the Year" by the Rocky Mountain Automotive Press (RMAP).
STI is on center stage for Subaru at the New York International Auto Show that runs April 3-12.
Yoshio Hirakawa, President Subaru Tecnica International Inc.
The Road to the BMW i8 winning the World Green Car began in Paris on October 2, 2014, followed by a stop in Los Angeles for a test-drive of the North American contenders in November of last year.
For Subaru, the 2015 New York International Auto Show is all about Subaru Tecnica International (STI) the motorsport and performance division for the Japanese automaker.
Because Subaru Tecnica International (STI) has "stepped up" their technical support of SRT USA, the new 2015 Subaru WRX STI dubbed the VT15x is capable of 0-60 in just two seconds.
The new 2016 Cadillac CT6 is pretty much exactly what we had expected.
There was a point in American automotive history where the Lincoln Continental was THE luxury sedan to have if you wanted to show off your wealth and style.
Back in 2005, the new Chrysler LX platform was introduced with the Chrysler 300 sedan and the Dodge Magnum sport wagon in the USA.
The LX Spring Festival is designed to feature privately owned modern Chrysler Group performance models, including the Dodge Charger, the Dodge Challenger, the Dodge Magnum, the Chrysler 300 and the
The Ford Focus RS made its official debut back in February online and at a small media event overseas followed by a first public showing in Geneva, but when the 2015 New York International Auto Sho
The 2015 LX Spring Festival was held this past weekend in Irvine, California, and more than $12,000 was raised for charity as over 1,000 privately owned examples of the Dodge Charger, Dodge Challen


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Why huff and puff to blow the house down, when you can huff and puff your way to a groovy new accessory? AirHedz has invented something that allows you to do just that: silly inflatable hats. Dive headfirst into two spooky identities included in this set: skeleton or vampire. Each head measures over two feet tall to take your fun to new heights.
This product has no reviews yet. Be the first to review this product. Write a review
Enjoy 10% off your first order*


text:
Alameda Backyard Growers and local blacksmith and garden-tool designer Grant Marcoux are co-hosting the first annual Pilgrim Soul Forge Craft Fair from 12 to 6 p.m. today (Saturday, August 20), at Alameda Point.
Marcoux will put on a blacksmithing demonstrations. He will also sharpen tools, so residents can bring knives and garden tools to the event.
There will be live music by Grupo Zunzun of Alameda, which plays Latin jazz.
Other artists coming to the show include ceramicist Hue Yang, felting expert Sue Laing, jewelry maker by Susan Tuttle, hand-crafted soap and skin-care products maker Birgitt Evans, hand-sewn bag maker Karri, fused-glass artist Terri Henderson and kayak-builder Wolf Brinck.
Members of Alameda Backyard Growers will also be on hand to share information about the Alameda Fruit Gleaning Initiative and urban farming on the Island.
The venue is 101 West Tower Avenue. (To get there from Atlantic Avenue, turn right onto Orion. Proceed about two blocks down to West Tower Avenue and then make a right.)


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Genius Recipes
Genius Recipes' Greatest Hits of 2014 (+ a Thank You)
The ten Genius Recipes you liked best in 2014. (We liked them too.)Read More »
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Opening Times:
Monday to Friday: 09:00 to 17:30
Saturday: 09:00 to 16:00
Sunday: Closed
Public Holidays: Closed
Whether you are selling or letting a residential property in Swansea, or you are looking to buy or rent commercial premises, you are sure to require a specialist Estate and Lettings Agency; one with local knowledge to ensure a smooth and stress-free transaction.
Fresh Estate and Letting Agents have over 23 years of combined experience in the property industry. Our Agency in Uplands is located centrally allowing us to display your property to a large amount of passing trade every day.
Studio flat, city centre apartment or large family home, our Agency team have the knowledge and expertise to successfully market your property to a wide audience of potential buyers and tenants.
Whether you are a working professional or a student seeking a property in Swansea, Fresh Estate and Letting Agents have a constantly varied and exciting range of properties on our books.
With something to suit all requirements and budgets, we are on-hand to assist in your property search from viewing through to offer or referencing and completion.
As an established lettings agency in Swansea, we offer outstanding property management solutions for your rental property. Whether you require tenant-find only or full rental management, we offer affordable and reliable solutions to suit.
We have gained an excellent reputation locally for our quality of work and for getting results, so, whatever your property need visit our Uplands Estate and Lettings Agency, or pick up the phone to speak to the team - 01792 344963.


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Sorrow takes over.
The words have been spoken
leaving me bleeding and broken
Left to die in this pile of lies
I cannot stop the tears in my eyes
Let the agony take me
I know there will be no recovery
No rescue from my recent discovery
the realization that you no longer care
Is more than my soul and heart can bear
Let the agony take me
My wounds are and there is no relief
You've taken my life like a lucky thief
I lay here with love spilling from my veins
I hope you're the one who must clean up the stains
Let the agony take me
Welcome to Authspot, the spot for creative writing.
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It was during my third pregnancy that I started to spot at 8 weeks. I had been pregnant twice before with the very first pregnancy ending in miscarriage at 16 weeks. The spotting this early on of course frightened me. Was I about to lose this one […]Read more →
Workaholics and high strung people can have difficulties relaxing and experiencing much needed restorative down time. What I help them do is reduce stress and achieve a feeling of deep relaxation, bringing the body back to a healthier state and well-being. For example, when a person has […]Read more →
As our lives get jam packed with school, work, activities and events, children and adults alike are experiencing that feeling of being overloaded. This leads to various stages of dis-ease over time, such as catching more colds or flu "bugs", constant fatigue, and eventually chronic pains and […]Read more →
Restart Your New Year`s Resolutions With BodyTalk~By Paige Challoner Certified BodyTalk Practitioner
Here we are again, another new year upon us. With it brings that time where some of us decide to better ourselves by working on areas like losing weight, and quitting habits such as smoking, drinking or that other indulgence that continues to drain the pocket book […]Read more →


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Videos tagged "voyageenpyrénées"
What are Tags?
Tags are keywords that describe videos. For example, a video of your Hawaiian vacation might be tagged with "Hawaii," "beach," "surfing," and "sunburn."
The more you know…
Check out these lessons to learn how to make videos about voyageenpyrénées:
Vimeo Video School has awesome lessons and video tutorials to help you get started making better videos.


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MCP55 Ethernet Problems
I'm using an MCP55 network 'card', and the ethernet driver for it is forcedeth. It usually works fine, but once or twice a week it will drop off the network. An ifdown ifup usually fixes the problem, but it sets me back a few hours each time.
It's similar to another post I found on here, but that user was using a 2.4 kernel, and the latest post was almost a year ago.
This is on 64-bit openSUSE 10.2 and 10.3, with these kernels, respectively:
It gives the following output in dmesg:
NETDEV WATCHDOG: eth6: transmit timed out
Here's my interrupts related to the ethernet adapter (4 processors):
# cat /proc/interrupts
kernel: eth6: too many iterations (6) in nv_nic_irq
Re: MCP55 Ethernet Problems
Give the linux forum a try.
Re: MCP55 Ethernet Problems
Alrighty, I'll try it over there
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hi - easy fancybox is working beautifully on laptop/desktop. however on iphone 4 (ios6, chrome or safari) the images that normally open on the desktop in one click require two taps to open the fancybox. after two clicks it works great, but i imagine most users will feel it's broken if nothing happens on one click. can you help me figure out how to make the fancybox do all of its excellent work in one click?
thank you very much,


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baby boomers
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Malthus visits Wall Street
Mar 7, 2012
I don't think investors should fear the march of time. The specter of a baby boomer-driven stock and bond market implosion seems implausible to me largely because of the move toward market economies around the world. By the time retiring boomers are selling in earnest, markets will be even more global than they are now. There are a lot of foreigners to buy U.S. assets.
The Job Boom...for Baby Boomers
Feb 3, 2012
The jobs market is showing signs of life - but these positive prospects are being enjoyed by maybe the last group you would expect: baby boomers.
More Baby Boomers choosing not to migrate
Interview with
Dec 16, 2011
Many are now realizing they'll have to work through their retirement years, which means staying in the areas where they have their career networks, instead of moving to warm states like Arizona.
Age in place
Dec 6, 2011
Working during the traditional retirement years means it makes sense to stay put and not pick up stakes when older.
Young workers squeezed out of labor force
Apr 9, 2010
According to a study by the Economic Policy Institute, young workers are being pushed out of the labor market as older workers delay retirement or...
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