text: FOURTH SECTION      CASE OF ASWAT v. THE UNITED KINGDOM (Application no. 17299/12)      JUDGMENT   STRASBOURG  16 April 2013  FINAL 09/09/2013 This judgment has become final under Article 44 § 2 of the Convention. It may be subject to editorial revision.In the case of Aswat v. the United Kingdom,The European Court of Human Rights (Fourth Section), sitting as a Chamber composed of: David Thór Björgvinsson, President, Nicolas Bratza, Päivi Hirvelä, George Nicolaou, Ledi Bianku, Zdravka Kalaydjieva, Nebojša Vučinić, judges,and Lawrence Early, Section Registrar,Having deliberated in private on 26 March 2013,Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date:PROCEDURE1.  The case originated in an application against the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms ("the Convention") by Mr Haroon Aswat ("the applicant") and Mr Babar Ahmad on 10 June 2007. The applicant's nationality is not known.2.  The applicant was represented by Ms G. Peirce of Birnberg Peirce & Partners, a lawyer practising in London. The United Kingdom Government ("the Government") were represented by their Agent, Mr M. Kuzmicki of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office.3.  The applicant, who was the subject of an extradition request made by the United States of America, alleged that if extradited and convicted he would be at real risk of ill-treatment either as a result of conditions at ADX Florence or by the length of his possible sentence.4.   Interim measures under Rule 39 of the Rules of Court were granted on 12 June 2007 and on 26 June 2007 the application was granted priority status under Rule 41 of the Rules of Court.5.  The proceedings in the case of the applicant and Mr Babar Ahmad were originally conducted simultaneously with the cases of Mr Syed Tahla Ahsan (application no. 11949/08) and Mr Mustafa Kamal Mustafa (application no. 36742/08).6.  On 6 July 2010 the Court declared admissible the complaints of all four applicants concerning their possible detention at ADX Florence, the imposition of special administrative measures post-trial and the length of their possible sentences. The Court also decided to continue to indicate to the Government under Rule 39 of the Rules of Court that it was desirable in the interests of the proper conduct of the proceedings that the applicants should not be extradited until further notice.7.  On 3 September 2010 the President of the Chamber decided under Rule 54 § 2 (b) of the Rules of Court to give notice of the applications lodged by Mr Adel Abdul Bary (application no. 66911/09) and Mr Khaled Al-Fawwaz (application no. 67354/09) to the Government of the United Kingdom. Both of these applications raised the same issues regarding extradition to the United States of America, namely conditions of detention at ADX Florence and the length of possible sentences.8.  The six applicants and the Government each filed further written observations (Rule 59 § 1) on the merits.9.  On 10 April 2012 the Court delivered its judgment in the case of Babar Ahmad and Others v. the United Kingdom, nos. 24027/07, 11949/08, 36742/08, 66911/09 and 67354/09. However, as the applicant suffered from mental health problems of sufficent severity to require his transfer from HMP Long Lartin to Broadmoor Hospital, the Court considered that it was not in a position to rule on the merits of his complaints without further submissions from the parties. It therefore decided to disjoin and adjourn the examination of the applicant's complaints and gave his application a new application number, no. 17299/12.10.  The Court asked the parties to address the following three questions:"1. In determining whether detention at ADX Florence would be compatible with Article 3, what relevance, if any, is to be attached to the fact that Mr Aswat's mental health has necessitated his transfer from HMP Long Lartin to Broadmoor Hospital?2. Prior to Mr Aswat's surrender to the United States, would details of his mental health condition be provided to the United States' authorities?3. After surrender, what steps would be taken by the United States' authorities:(i) to assess whether Mr Aswat would be fit to stand trial; and(ii) to ensure that, in the event of conviction, his mental health condition would properly be taken into account in determining where he would be detained?"11.  The applicant and the Government each filed further written observations (Rule 59 § 1) on the merits.THE FACTSI.  THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE CASEA.  The procedural background12.  The applicant was born in 1974 and is currently detained in Broadmoor High Security Psychiatric Hospital.13.  The applicant has been indicted in the United States of America as a co-conspirator in respect of a conspiracy to establish a jihad training camp in Bly, Oregon.14.  On 7 August 2005 the applicant was arrested in the United Kingdom on the basis of an arrest warrant issued under section 73 of the Extradition Act 2003 following a request for his provisional arrest by the United States.15.  The Senior District Judge gave his decision in the applicant's case on 5 January 2006. He concluded that none of the bars to extradition applied and sent the case to the Secretary of State for his decision as to whether the applicant should be extradited.16.  On 1 March 2006 the Secretary of State ordered his extradition. The applicant appealed to the High Court on the ground that his extradition would not be compatible with Article 3 of the Convention because he could be detained in a maximum security facility such as ADX Florence and subject to special administrative measures, including solitary confinement.17.  The applicant's appeal was heard together with that of Mr Babar Ahmad. In its judgment of 30 November 2006 the High Court rejected the appeals. The High Court found that, according to the case-law of this Court, solitary confinement did not in itself constitute inhuman or degrading treatment. Applying that approach, the evidence before it – which included an affidavit from a United States' Department of Justice official outlining the operation of special administrative measures – did not "begin to establish a concrete case under Article 3".18.  The applicant and Mr Babar Ahmad applied for permission to appeal to the House of Lords. This was refused by the House of Lords on 6 June 2007.B.  The applicant's mental health19.  On 27 March 2008 the applicant was transferred to Broadmoor Hospital from HMP Long Lartin because he met the criteria for detention under the United Kingdom's mental health legislation.20.  On 11 November 2011 the First-Tier Tribunal (Health, Education and Social Care Chamber) Mental Health considered the applicant's case and concluded, having considered the evidence from the applicant's clinical care team, that he was suffering from paranoid schizophrenia which made it appropriate for him to continue to be liable to detention in a medical hospital for his own health and safety.21.  In his statement to the Tribunal, Dr A. Payne, a Consultant Forensic Psychiatrist, indicated that:"[The applicant's] insight into his illness is limited and if returned to prison he would be exposed to significant stress given the conditions of his detention, the uncertainty of his case and his potential extradition and lengthy incarceration in conditions of solitary confinement. His compliance with medication would be uncertain, particularly in the medium to long term. These factors would be likely to lead to a relapse with deterioration in his mental health and the risk of a consequent deterioration in his physical health due to poor fluid and food intake. I am therefore of the opinion that his mental disorder is of a nature that requires his detention in hospital for medical treatment and that such treatment is necessary for his own health and safety. I do not believe that there is sufficient evidence available to justify his detention on the grounds of his risk to others."22.  Dr Claire Dillon, a Consultant Forensic Psychiatrist, indicated in a report dated 12 April 2012, that:"Mr Aswat suffers from an enduring mental disorder, namely paranoid schizophrenia, which has been characterised by auditory hallucinations, thought disorder, delusions of reference, grandeur and guarded and suspicious behaviour. Mr Aswat's condition is currently well controlled on amilsulpride (anti-psychotic medication). However, he has only partial insight into his illness and he would be likely to relapse if he ceased taking his medication.Mr Aswat has undertaken psychological work to enhance his understanding of his mental illness and he is able to recognise the need for professional support to manage this. In view of the lack of convictions for violent offences, Mr Aswat has not undertaken any offence-related work whilst at Broadmoor, as the decision of the European Court of Human Rights was awaited. Mr Aswat engages in occupational and vocational activities within the hospital and these, along with his attendance at the Mosque, have helped to prevent any significant deterioration in his mood."C.  Expected treatment on extradition23.  On 8 May 2012 the United States' Department of Justice indicated that upon his arrival in the United States, the applicant would have a full opportunity to argue that he lacked mental capacity to stand trial there. If he did so, the trial judge would have to assess his competency before the trial could proceed. In doing so, he would rely on the reports of medical professionals and on the applicant's full medical records, including – presumably – those relating to his transfer to Broadmoor.24.  A competency evaluation could be appealed to the United States' Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. The Second Circuit would need to affirm the district court's competency determination before the trial could proceed.25.  Prior to and pending trial the applicant would not be housed in ADX Florence as this institution did not house inmates who were unsentenced and pending trial.26.  If the applicant were to stand trial and be convicted of an offence, then following sentencing the Federal Bureau of Prisons would be responsible for deciding which institution he should be housed in. Medical, psychological and psychiatric concerns would be considered by the designation team before a determination of housing could be made. If a hearing was warranted, it would be open to the applicant to present evidence and make oral statements as to why he should not be designated to ADX Florence in light of his mental health.27.  With regard to the system and standard of mental health care available within the institutions, the Department of Justice indicated that:"Mental health services range from inpatient psychiatric treatment, to residential treatment programs, to outpatient psychological and psychiatric services. As in the community, the vast majority of mental health care in the Bureau is provided on an outpatient basis at the local institution level by the Psychology Services Department working in collaboration with either a full-time or consultant psychiatrist.Mental health services in the Bureau are delivered by psychiatrists and doctoral‑level psychologists. This hiring standard ensures mental health providers in the Bureau have a minimum of four years of graduate level, supervised training in the treatment of mental illnesses.... ... ...All Bureau facilities are equipped to manage mentally ill inmates, including those with schizophrenia, as each institution employs doctoral-level psychologists and has access to psychiatric services. Many inmates with mental illnesses, including schizophrenia, are managed successfully in mainline institutions through the treatments of choice which include medication, clinical case management, and cognitive-behavioural interventions. While a diagnosis of schizophrenia would not preclude a designation to a maximum security facility, most inmates with this diagnosis are managed and treated in other facilities. Conditions of confinement are largely determined by security needs and would be modified based on mental illness only if the inmate's mental status warranted such a change (e.g., if his mental status deteriorated).The Bureau provides a structured living environment for inmates with significant staff oversight. This environment allows for prompt identification of mental health concerns, provides immediate access to mental health professionals, and facilitates compliance with mental health treatment. All inmates confined in the Bureau are evaluated by Health Services' staff within 24 hours of arrival. At that time, their medication regimens are reviewed and continued, as appropriate. Thus, any mental health medications the inmate may be taking would be noted and continued as appropriate, upon admission. Additionally, an inmate's mental health status is evaluated to determine whether there is any imminent risk of self-harm or suicide and whether he or she is stable and appropriate for placement in the designated setting. If Health Services' staff has any concerns at the time of admission, a doctoral level psychologist will be called to consult.In all cases, regardless of the outcome of the initial evaluation performed by Health Services' staff, all new designees are seen within 14 days for evaluation by a doctoral level psychologist. This evaluation focuses on collecting a mental health history, as well as identifying any current symptoms and determining treatment needs. All inmates are classified based on their mental health treatment needs to ensure appropriate placement, treatment, and follow-up services to be provided.Psychologists are a visible presence in the institution – in the cafeteria, on the compound, and in the housing units. In addition, a psychologist is on-call 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, with a prompt response to the institution in the event of a mental health crisis. All inmates have direct access to psychological services from doctoral level psychologists. Ordinarily, these services include: crisis intervention, ongoing clinical case management of mental illnesses, brief counselling focused on a specific issue or problem, individual psychotherapy, and psycho-educational and/or therapeutic groups. Inmates may access these services through self-referral or may be referred by institution staff. In addition, all inmates who need psychotropic medication are seen regularly by a psychiatrist.On occasion, despite best efforts to work with mentally ill inmates at the local institution level, more intensive mental health services are required. In these cases, an acutely mentally ill inmate is typically referred to one of the Bureau's Psychiatric Referral Centres for acute psychiatric care. Under Bureau policy, acute psychiatric care is defined as care, including but not limited to, crisis intervention for inmates who are persistently suicidal, homicidal, or unable to function in the institution without creating a dangerous situation due to their mental illness. These inpatient services are generally brief, with the goal of returning the inmate to a level of functioning that would allow him or her to return to the designated institution.Alternatively, seriously, but not acutely, mentally ill inmates may be placed in one of the Bureau's residential mental health treatment programs, which provide long‑term, intensive mental health care. The Bureau is committed to providing high‑quality, evidence-based residential treatment programs to all inmates in need of these services. The BOP's Psychology Treatment Programs (PTPs) are designed using the most recent research- and evidence-based practices. These practices lead to a reduction in inmate misconduct, mental illness and behavioural disorders; substance abuse, relapse, and recidivism; and criminal activity. These practices also lead to an increase in the level of the inmate's stake in societal norms and in standardized community transition treatment programs. Transition treatment increases the likelihood of treatment success and increases the public's health and safety. Inmates are referred to these programs based on need and appropriateness of the program to the inmate's security level.Decisions concerning the appropriateness of transfer to a Psychiatric Referral Centre are based on the best judgment of the treating clinicians (i.e., psychologist, staff psychiatrist, or consulting psychiatrist) and are typically dependent upon such factors as the severity of the mental illness, the specific characteristics and resources of the institution, and relevant patient variables. Inmates who are disruptive to the orderly running of the institution, but who are not mentally ill, are not generally appropriate referrals to a Psychiatric Referral Centre.In the case of schizophrenia, the treatment of choice is medication, clinical case management, and cognitive behavioural interventions, with inpatient admissions only as necessary to manage brief psychiatric emergencies, should they arise. The Bureau attempts to manage and treat the mental illnesses of all offenders in the least restrictive environment appropriate to their mental health and security needs. Therefore, an inmate's security level would only be adjusted due to schizophrenia should behavioural issues or a psychiatric emergency warrant such an adjustment. The Bureau currently incarcerates many inmates diagnosed with schizophrenia, the majority of whom is managed and treated successfully in general population settings."28.  The Department of Justice further indicated that if the applicant were to be detained in ADX Florence, his detention would be subject to three types of review: classification, program review, and a progress report. The Department described these reviews as follows:"Classification and Program Review refer to the procedure whereby an inmate's case is formally reviewed by the Unit Team. These meetings are generally referred to as "team" and the inmate is present. Team meetings are intended to give staff and inmates the opportunity to discuss issues in an open format. This is the inmate's opportunity for individual attention and he or she should be encouraged to ask questions and discuss concerns.Classification is the initial team meeting whereby a careful review of the case and inmate's history are discussed and relevant programs are recommended. The purpose of the meeting is to define clearly for the inmate: (1) sentence information, including financial obligations; (2) educational programs; (3) security/custody levels; (4) release plans; and (5) work assignments. These programs reflect the needs of the inmate and are stated in measurable terms. Generally, initial classification occurs within four weeks of an inmate's arrival at his designated institution.Subsequent team meetings are referred to as Program Reviews. These meetings are held at least once every six months (every three months for inmates with less than one year remaining to serve) and are conducted to monitor and evaluate the inmate's progress in all program areas. Program participation is discussed in relation to the schedule developed at initial classification. New and/or revised goals are developed as necessary. A progress report is the principal document used by the Unit Team to evaluate the behaviour and activities of inmates. The progress report is a detailed, comprehensive account of an inmate's case history, prepared by the Case Manager at prescribed intervals during the inmate's confinement. Generally, the Case Manager composes the progress report with input from other unit staff, work detail supervisors, and education instructors. The progress report reflects the inmate's past status, assesses his current status, and offers an indication of anticipated accomplishments. This could include the inmate's continued participation in a program; and what he plans to do at the completion of the program, or if he plans to use what he has learned upon his release. Information is also provided on the inmate's relationship with others (both staff and inmates), particularly with respect to attitude, punctuality, etc. A progress report is required, at a minimum, once every three years. At the ADX, the inmates are provided with a copy of the most current progress report. Upon request, an inmate may read and receive a copy of any progress report retained in the inmate's central file.An ADX inmate's status is also reviewed under Institution Supplement FLM 5321.07(1), General Population and Step-Down Unit Operations. In addition, Mr. Aswat would have access to the Bureau's Administrative Remedy Program, which is set forth in Program Statement 1330.16, Administrative Remedy Program, and, as with any inmate of the ADX, he would be able to seek review of any issue relating to their confinement before the United States District Courts. All of these procedures have been described in detail before and are not repeated here."29.  The Department further indicated that if designated to ADX Florence the applicant's mental condition would be subject to regular review. Inmates designated to ADX Florence underwent a psychological intake evaluation upon arrival and could, at that time, be referred to the mental health chronic care clinic, which is an outpatient clinic with services provided by a psychiatrist. Such an inmate would be seen at least every six months by the psychiatrist, but could request to be seen more frequently. In addition, he or she could receive psychological services monthly, weekly or daily (inpatient) based upon their classification, and more frequently should a crisis situation arise.30.  In Babar Ahmad v. the United Kingdom the Court found that if convicted the applicant would face a maximum penalty of thirty-five years' imprisonment. None of the counts imposed a mandatory minimum sentence.II.  RELEVANT DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL LAW AND PRACTICE31.  For a general summary of the relevant domestic and international law and practice regarding extradition, detention at ADX Florence, solitary confinement and sentences, see the Court's judgment in Babar Ahmad and Others v. the United Kingdom, nos. 24027/07, 11949/08, 36742/08, 66911/09 and 67354/09, §§ 62 - 165, 10 April 2012. III.  THE COURT'S FINDINGS IN BABAR AHMAD AND OTHERS v. THE UNITED KINGDOM (CITED ABOVE)32.  In Babar Ahmad the Court began by re-affirming its statement in Chahal v. the United Kingdom, 15 November 1996, § 81, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1996‑V that there was no room under Article 3 for any balancing of the risk of ill-treatment on return against the danger that an applicant posed in the Contracting State. Moreover, it found that this conclusion applied equally to extradition and to all other types of removal from the territory of a Contracting State and should apply without distinction between the various forms of ill-treatment prescribed by Article 3 (§§ 166 – 176). However, the Court underlined that the absolute nature of Article 3 did not mean that any form of ill-treatment would act as a bar to removal from a Contracting State; on the contrary, treatment which might violate Article 3 because of an act or omission of a Contracting State might not attain the minimum level of severity required for there to be a violation of Article 3 in an expulsion or extradition case (§ 177).33.  With regard to the facts of the case, the Government accepted that there was a real risk that the first, third, fifth and sixth applicants would be detained at ADX Florence if convicted and the Court proceeded on that basis. It found that the physical conditions there – that is, the size of the cells, the availability of lighting and appropriate sanitary facilities and so on – met the requirements of Article 3 (§ 219). Moreover, the Court did not accept that the applicants would be detained at ADX Florence simply on account of their conviction for terrorism offences. Instead, it was clear to the Court that the Federal Bureau of Prisons would apply accessible and rational criteria, and placement was accompanied by a high degree of involvement of senior officials within the Bureau who were external to the inmate's current institution. Both this fact and the requirement that a hearing be held prior to transfer provided an appropriate measure of procedural protection. Even if the transfer process were unsatisfactory, there would be recourse to the Bureau's administrative remedy programme and the federal courts to cure any defects in the process (§ 220).34.  Moreover, the Court further held that if the applicants were convicted the United States' authorities would be justified in considering them to pose a significant security risk and strictly limiting their ability to communicate with the outside world. In any case, the Court found that while the regime in the General Population Unit and the Special Security Unit at ADX Florence were highly restrictive and aimed to prevent all physical contact between an inmate and others, that did not mean that inmates were kept in complete sensory isolation or total social isolation. Although confined to their cells for much of the time, a great deal of in-cell stimulation was provided through television and radio, newspapers, books, crafts and educational programming. Inmates were also permitted regular telephone calls and social visits and even those under special administrative measures were permitted to correspond with their families. Furthermore, the Court found that applicants could talk to each other through the ventilation system and during recreation periods they could communicate without impediment. In any case, the Court observed that the figures showed that there would be a real possibility for the applicants to gain entry to step down or special security unit programs. Consequently, the Court concluded that the isolation experienced by ADX inmates was partial and relative (§§ 221 – 223).35.  With regard to sentencing the Court held that an extradition would only violate Article 3 if the applicant faced a grossly disproportionate sentence in the receiving State. However, it would only be in very exceptional circumstances that the applicant would be able to demonstrate that a sentence faced in a non-Contracting State would be grossly disproportionate (§ 238). In this regard, the Court noted that an Article 3 issue would only arise in respect of a mandatory life sentence without parole and a discretionary life sentence when it could be shown that the applicant's imprisonment could no longer be justified on any legitimate penological grounds and that the sentence was irreducible de facto and de jure (§ 242).36.  Finally, the Court considered the position of persons with mental health problems. It noted that insofar as the applicants' complaints concerned the conditions of pre-trial detention, those complaints were manifestly ill-founded because it had not been suggested that prior to extradition the United Kingdom authorities would not inform their United States' counterparts of the applicants' mental health conditions or that, upon extradition, the United States' authorities would fail to provide appropriate psychiatric care to them. The Court also noted that it had not been argued that psychiatric care in the United States' federal prisons was substantially different to that available at HMP Long Lartin. Moreover, there was no reason to believe that the United States' authorities would ignore any changes in the applicants' conditions or refuse to alter the conditions of their detention to alleviate any risk to them. The Court further found that no separate issue arose with regard to post-trial detention (§ 249).THE LAWI.  ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 3 OF THE CONVENTION37.  The applicant submitted that his extradition to the United States would not be compatible with Article 3 of the Convention, which provides as follows:"No one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment."38.  The Government contested that argument.A.  The parties' submissions1.  The applicant39.  The applicant submitted that his uprooting for placement in an as yet unknown and unidentified future environment of which no detail had been provided to the Court, with a risk of placement in conditions of isolation, would not be compatible with Article 3 of the Convention.40.  The applicant submitted that his detention in Broadmoor Hospital was essential for his personal safety and treatment. In particular, he relied on the decision of the Mental Health Tribunal of 11 November 2011, which found that it was appropriate for the applicant to remain at Broadmoor rather than be returned to HMP Long Lartin despite the fact that HMP Long Lartin had an experienced healthcare department.41.  The applicant also contended that if extradited he could remain in pre-trial detention for a number of years and no information had been submitted by the Government or by the United States' Department of Justice concerning the conditions of that detention.42.  The applicant further submitted that there was evidence to suggest that mentally ill patients were detained at ADX Florence and that this was not disputed by the Government. It was therefore likely that if convicted and sentenced he would be housed at ADX Florence in a single cell, where at best he would spend a significant part of each day alone. If this were the case, he submitted that the conditions of isolation were likely to exacerbate his pre-existing mental illness. The applicant had a history of not eating and drinking while under stress and immediately after his transfer from HMP Long Lartin to Broadmoor he had experienced florid psychiatric episodes and a continuing refusal to take food and drink. He therefore submitted that there was a real risk that this behaviour would resume were he to be extradited to a different and potentially more adverse environment in a different country. Moreover, there was evidence to suggest that force‑feeding was employed at ADX Florence when inmates went on hunger strike and if used on the applicant it would likely cause him significant pain and distress.43.  Therefore, although the Court had found in Babar Ahmad that the conditions in ADX Florence would not violate Article 3 in respect of the applicants in that case, the applicant submitted that they were likely to have a much greater impact on him on account of his mental illness.44.  Finally, the applicant submitted that prosecution in the United Kingdom could be contemplated and achieved without the accompanying risks outlined above.2.  The Government45.  The Government submitted that if the applicant consented to the communication of his confidential medical records to the United States' authorities in advance of his surrender, they would ensure that the records were so communicated. Consequently, if surrendered to the United States' authorities his mental health would be relevant to every decision taken regarding his placement within the prison system, both while on remand and, if convicted, following conviction and sentencing. It could also be raised as an issue in respect of his fitness to plead or competency to stand trial. All relevant decisions would be taken in circumstances where the applicant would have a full right of access to the United States' courts and the full panoply of protections afforded to him by the United States' criminal justice system.46.  With regard to the possible conditions of detention, the Government principally relied on the information provided by the United States' Department of Justice. In particular, they reiterated that while a diagnosis of schizophrenia would not preclude designation to a maximum security facility such as ADX Florence, in practice most inmates with this diagnosis were managed and treated in other facilities.47.  The Government therefore submitted that the applicant's extradition to the United States would not be incompatible with his Article 3 rights by virtue of his mental health concerns.B.  The Court's assessment48.  With regard to the applicant's submission as to the appropriate forum for prosecution, the Court notes that the Government have not disputed that the offences for which his extradition is sought could be tried in the United Kingdom. In such a case it would be for the competent domestic court to determine whether or not he was fit to stand trial. It observes, however, that in their submissions in Babar Ahmad the Government stated that they do not intend to prosecute the applicant for any of the offences at issue (see Babar Ahmad and Others v. the United Kingdom, nos. 24027/07, 11949/08, 36742/08, 66911/09 and 67354/09, § 166, 10 April 2012). Consequently, the Court does not consider that the question of the appropriate forum for prosecution, and the relevance of this question to the Court's assessment under Article 3, arises for examination in the present case (cf. Soering v. the United Kingdom, 7 July 1989, § 16, Series A no. 161).49.  With regard to the substance of the applicant's complaint, it is now well-established that Contracting States have the right to control the entry, residence and expulsion of aliens. However, in exercising their right to expel aliens, Contracting States must have regard to Article 3 of the Convention which enshrines one of the fundamental values of democratic societies. It is precisely for this reason that the Court has repeatedly stressed in its line of authorities involving extradition, expulsion or deportation of individuals to third countries that Article 3 prohibits in absolute terms torture or inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment and that its guarantees apply irrespective of the reprehensible nature of the conduct of the person in question (see, for example, Ahmed v. Austria, judgment of 17 December 1996, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1996-VI, p. 2206, § 38, and Chahal v. the United Kingdom, judgment of 15 November 1996, Reports 1996-V, p. 1853, §§ 73-74).50.  On many occasions the Court has held that the detention of a person who is ill may raise issues under Article 3 of the Convention and that the lack of appropriate medical care may amount to treatment contrary to that provision (see Sławomir Musiał v. Poland, no. 28300/06, § 87, 20 January 2009 with further references therein). In particular, the assessment of whether the particular conditions of detention are incompatible with the standards of Article 3 has, in the case of mentally ill persons, to take into consideration their vulnerability and their inability, in some cases, to complain coherently or at all about how they are being affected by any particular treatment. The feeling of inferiority and powerlessness which is typical of persons who suffer from a mental disorder calls for increased vigilance in reviewing whether the Convention has (or will be) complied with. There are three particular elements to be considered in relation to the compatibility of an applicant's health with his stay in detention: (a) the medical condition of the prisoner, (b) the adequacy of the medical assistance and care provided in detention, and (c) the advisability of maintaining the detention measure in view of the state of health of an applicant (ibid. and Dybeku v. Albania, no. 41153/06, § 41, 18 December 2007).51.  The medical evidence in the present case indicates that the applicant is suffering from an enduring mental disorder, namely paranoid schizophrenia, which has been characterised by auditory hallucinations, thought disorder, delusions of reference, grandeur and guarded and suspicious behaviour (paragraph 22 above). The last forensic psychiatrist report submitted to the Court indicated that his condition was well controlled on anti-psychotic medication and that participation in occupational and vocational activities at Broadmoor, including attendance at the Mosque, had helped prevent any significant deterioration in his mood. However, the applicant had only limited insight into his illness and would be likely to relapse if he ceased taking his medication. In giving evidence to the First-Tier Tribunal (Health, Education and Social Care Chamber) Mental Health a Consultant Forensic Psychiatrist stated that if he were to be returned to prison, his compliance with medication would be uncertain, particularly in the medium to long term, and this would likely lead to a relapse. The Tribunal subsequently concluded that detention and treatment in a medical hospital were necessary for the applicant's own health and safety.52.  Whether or not the applicant's extradition to the United States would breach Article 3 of the Convention very much depends upon the conditions in which he would be detained and the medical services that would be made available to him there. However, any assessment of those detention conditions is hindered by the fact that it cannot be said with any certainty in which detention facility or facilities the applicant would be housed, either before or after trial. This is particularly the case with respect to the pre-trial period, about which very little information has been provided. The United States' Department of Justice has given no indication of where the applicant would or could be held, although it has advised that if he consents to his medical records being provided to the United States' authorities on extradition, those authorities would be able to take his mental health concerns into account in deciding where to house him while on remand. It is also unclear how long the applicant might expect to remain on remand pending trial. If extradited the applicant's representatives would be entitled to contend that he was not fit to stand trial in the United States on account of his mental disorder. A District Judge would then have to assess his competency and, if the applicant was found to be competent, he could appeal to the Court of Appeals. There is no information before the Court concerning the potential length of a competency assessment or any subsequent appeals procedure, but it is reasonable to assume that the length of pre-trial detention might be prolonged if the applicant were to assert these rights. Finally, the Court notes with concern the complete absence of any information about the consequences for the applicant if the District Judge were to find that he was not fit to stand trial.53.  The Court has given its fullest consideration to the submissions of the Government and the Department of Justice concerning the treatment of mentally ill prisoners in the United States of America. In particular, it notes that with regard to detention following a possible conviction, the Department of Justice has informed the Court that after sentencing the Federal Bureau of Prisons would decide which institution the applicant should be housed in. The Bureau would assess the applicant within the first twenty-four hours and if there were concerns about his mental health at that time a doctoral level psychologist would be consulted. In any case, he would be referred to a doctoral level psychologist after fourteen days for an evaluation. If the Bureau held a hearing, the applicant could present evidence and make an oral statement to the panel. In deciding which institution he should be housed in, the Bureau would consider any medical, psychiatric or psychological concerns that had been identified. While his mental disorder would not by itself preclude his designation to ADX Florence, the evidence suggested that most inmates with paranoid schizophrenia were not housed in maximum security facilities (see paragraph 27 above).54.  Moreover, according to the information provided by the Department of Justice, mental health services were available in all prisons, including ADX Florence, and both inpatient, residential and outpatient care was available. Conditions of confinement could also be modified if an inmate's mental health was to deteriorate and acutely mentally ill inmates could be referred to a Psychiatric Referral Centre for acute, in-patient psychiatric care (see paragraph 27 above).55.  The Court therefore accepts that if convicted the applicant would have access to medical facilities and, more importantly, mental health services, regardless of which institution he was detained in. Indeed, it recalls that in Babar Ahmad it was not argued that psychiatric care in the United States' federal prisons was substantially different from that which was available at HMP Long Lartin (Babar Ahmad, cited above, § 249). However, the mental disorder suffered by the present applicant was of sufficient severity to necessitate his transfer from HMP Long Lartin to a high-security psychiatric hospital and the medical evidence, which was accepted by the First-Tier Tribunal, clearly indicated that it continued to be appropriate for him to remain there "for his own health and safety".56.  The question in the present case is not whether the applicant can be returned to HMP Long Lartin but whether he can be extradited to the United States of America, a country where he has no ties and where he will face an uncertain future in an as yet undetermined institution. Moreover, there is no guarantee that if tried and convicted he would not be detained in ADX Florence, where he would be exposed to a "highly restrictive" regime with long periods of social isolation. In this regard, the Court notes that the applicant's case can be distinguished from that of Mustafa Kamal Mustafa (Abu Hamza). While no "diplomatic assurances" were given that Abu Hamza would not be detained in ADX Florence, the High Court found on the evidence before it that his medical condition was such that, at most, he would only spend a short period of time there (Babar Ahmad and Others v. the United Kingdom, nos. 24027/07, 11949/08, 36742/08, 66911/09 and 67354/09 (dec.), §§ 144 – 145, 6 July 2010). The Court notes, however, that there is no evidence to indicate the length of time that the present applicant would spend in ADX Florence.57.   While the Court in Babar Ahmad did not accept that the conditions in ADX Florence would reach the Article 3 threshold for persons in good health or with less serious mental health problems, the applicant's case can be distinguished on account of the severity of his mental condition. The applicant's case can also be distinguished from that of Bensaid v. the United Kingdom, no. 44599/98, (ECHR 2001‑I) as he is facing not expulsion but extradition to a country where he has no ties, where he will be detained and where he will not have the support of family and friends. Therefore, in light of the current medical evidence, the Court finds that there is a real risk that the applicant's extradition to a different country and to a different, and potentially more hostile, prison environment would result in a significant deterioration in his mental and physical health and that such a deterioration would be capable of reaching the Article 3 threshold (see Bensaid v. the United Kingdom, cited above, § 37).58.  Insofar as the applicant's complaints concern the length of his possible detention, and leaving aside his present mental condition, the Court finds that he has not demonstrated that any sentence imposed would be grossly disproportionate. It has previously held that while, in principle, matters of appropriate sentencing largely fall outside the scope of Convention, a grossly disproportionate sentence could amount to ill‑treatment contrary to Article 3 at the moment of its imposition. However, it has also stated that "gross disproportionality" is a strict test which will only be met on "rare and unique occasions" (Babar Ahmad, cited above, §§ 235 – 237; see also Harkins and Edwards v. the United Kingdom, nos. 9146/07 and 32650/07, § 133 17 January 2012). In the present case the evidence suggested that the applicant could be sentenced to anything up to thirty-five years' imprisonment. There was no minimum sentencing requirement. In view of the nature of the alleged offences, which included terrorism offences, and the high threshold required to demonstrate that a sentence would be grossly disproportionate, the Court does not accept that the applicant's extradition would give rise to a real risk of treatment contrary to Article 3 of the Convention as a result of the length of any sentence imposed.II.  APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION59.  Article 41 of the Convention provides:"If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party."60.  The applicant did not submit a claim for just satisfaction.III.  RULE 39 OF THE RULES OF COURT61.  The Court recalls that, in accordance with Article 44 § 2 of the Convention, the present judgment will not become final until (a) the parties declare that they will not request that the case be referred to the Grand Chamber; or (b) three months after the date of the judgment, if reference of the case to the Grand Chamber has not been requested; or (c) the Panel of the Grand Chamber rejects any request to refer under Article 43 of the Convention.62.  It considers that the indication made to the Government under Rule 39 of the Rules of Court (see paragraph 4 above) must continue in force until the present judgment becomes final or until the Court takes a further decision in this connection (see operative part).FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT UNANIMOUSLY1.  Holds that there would be a violation of Article 3 of the Convention in the event of the applicant's extradition solely on account of the current severity of his mental condition; 2.  Decides to continue to indicate to the Government under Rule 39 of the Rules of Court that it is desirable in the interests of the proper conduct of the proceedings not to extradite the applicant until such time as the present judgment becomes final or until further order.Done in English, and notified in writing on 16 April 2013, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court. Lawrence Early David Thór Björgvinsson Registrar President


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Fewer Brits taking foreign holidays
Travel October 13, 2011
Because of the tragic state of the economy, polls show that more than a half million Britons are sacrificing foreign holidays in an effort to conserve money. According to statistics, the number of Brits who actually took a foreign holiday was at 13.4 million which is short almost 600,000 from the same three month summer period last year. This is data released by the Office of National Statistics.Read more
Prime Minister warns of possible eurozone breakup
Economy September 30, 2011
With conflicts surrounding the eurozone crisis and many wary that the eurozone may split up during the next couple months, Prime Minister David Cameron has recently warned that a very negative outcome would be likely for the UK in such a situation.Read more
UK Pay Settlements Steady in Private Sector
Employment August 25, 2011
Although government has reported a freeze in pay settlements in the public sector, the private sector appears to be faring well with settlements at 2.5% for the previous three months ending in July.Read more

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Limoges Fine Art~ Porcelain Antique Dealer
Dr. Rachel L.T. Kulberg, Hillsborough, NC
We are happy to be offering another fine painted 'Koenig' piece in our collection. This simple and elegant Trio-Rose vase was Hand-Painted and signed by the Renown Artist Carl F. Koenig. Between 1905-1912 he worked for Pickard and between 1913-1915 he decorated China for the Brauer and Donath Studio. In 1915 he established his own decorating studio which presumably these pieces were decorated. Painted on a early 1900's Bavarian blank, this lovely elegant piece features finely executed Red, Pink, and Yellow Roses and their heavy foliage against a stark white porcelain background with hints of sunlight peeking through. Lovely in overall design and composition, and further accented with Roman Gold handles. A lovely addition to any Fine porcelain collection!
Marked: Hutschenreuther Selb Bavaria ca early 1900's
Size: 8" H x 4" W
Condition: Excellent. No Chips, Cracks or Restorations.
(For references see:Mary Gaston's Encyclopedia of Limoges China; Marks on German, Bohemian, & Austrian Porcelain 1710-present)
See Item ID: BF-329 for a different Koenig Signed Rose Set!
Specializing in 19th & 20th Century European HP Porcelain. "Cerca Trova"- He Who Seeks, Shall Find!
Store-wide Summer Sale- Don't miss out! Layaway available. Masterpieces on Porcelain- Investments for Fine Art Connoisseurs
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Force Motors offers 2 new car models in Utility segment in India. Choose a Force Motors car to know prices, features, reviews and photos.
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Rahul Ghosh, 27 Sep 2011
Force Motors, with some help from Lotus, has made its maiden entry into the Indian SUV market. At first glance there's space and a lot of kit on offer at a fairly low price. But how ...
Latest Force Motors news from CarWale.
Force has been testing the different 4x4 versions of the Force One on the outskirts of Pune. While we had spotted the EX variant earlier, this time the SX model was [...] 18 Nov 2014
The 4x4 version of the Force One was spied testing many times in Pune when the product was under development. Now, we spotted the EX variant of the vehicle with [...] 13 Jul 2014
Earlier this month, Force Motors announced that the deliveries of the Gurkha will commence from September, 2014. Meanwhile our spies have spotted about 11 Gurkhas with [...] 18 Jun 2014
Force Motors has announced that deliveries of the Force Gurkha will start from September, this year. Speculations had earlier suggested that the car will go on sale in [...] 06 Jun 2014
After several months of testing, Force Motors has announced that the One LX will be priced at Rs 13.98 lakh (ex-showroom Delhi) and that the deliveries of this top of [...] 02 Jun 2014
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on Force Motors Force One by Suman Sengupta, 21-Apr-2015
Exterior Overall good looks. But the problems begin more or less as soon as you step out of the dealership. Uneven panel gaps. Locks not working, Doors not closing. Doors opening up in [...]
on Force Motors Force One by Vivek Ranjan Pandey, 04-Dec-2014
Exterior : Attractive but very unreliable
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Nice ,But Do More Dashing .
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After sales service at your workshop ( irrespective of it being located for away ) has been marvel of an experience. The technicians are of very high skill and your customer treatment [...]
on Force Motors Force One by Kakakakak, 02-Dec-2013
exterior looks is beasty...in this price dats the best car .. m comparing this vehicle with mahindra xuv500. bt dats fiber based car infact the fendr as well.. i drop [...]
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Colangelo plans to cut 4 or 5 before N.Y.
Updated: July 23, 2010, 11:44 PM ETAssociated Press
LAS VEGAS -- The hopefuls who came to Las Vegas this week have one last chance to score a winning ticket -- for a trip to New York.
USA Basketball's training camp will close Saturday night with an intrasquad game at the Thomas & Mack Center. The roster could be trimmed by a few sometime after that before the Americans reconvene in New York next month to continue preparation for the World Championships to be held in Turkey Aug. 28-Sept. 12.
"We have time on our side in terms ...
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2010 FIBA World Championship
- Simmons retro diary: Never bet against KD
- Sheridan: Team USA claims the gold
- Sheridan: Team USA eyes Turkey for title
- Sheridan: Team USA-Lithuania preview
- Sheridan: Team USA two wins from gold
- Sheridan: U.S. meets familiar foe in Russia
- Sheridan: USA looks Olympian in big win
- Sheridan: Perfection not on USA's mind
- Lithuania wins bronze at worlds
- Erden's last-second block seals Turkey win
- Serbia knocks out defending champ Spain
- Coach K fired up by comments on '72
- Lithuania, Argentina reach quarterfinals
- Russia knocks off Kiwis | History with USA
- Slovenia sinks 16 3-pointers, beats Australia
- Spain tops Greece; Serbia edges Croatia
- Day 6: Spain sends winless Canada home
- Day 5 Roundup: Krstic returns for Serbia
- Day 4 Roundup: France improves to 3-0
- Day 3 Roundup: Serbia cruises to win
- Day 2 Roundup: Brazil remains unbeaten
- Day 1 Roundup: France upsets Spain
- Greece, Serbia upset with post-brawl bans
- Sheridan: Can USA's B team win gold?
- TrueHoop: Ten things to wach at worlds
- Group A | Group B | Group C | Group D
- Sheridan: Team USA roster rundown


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Vanguard... what an improvement
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Re: Vanguard... what an improvement
Originally Posted by
Why do you guys like EverGay? It is the dumbest idea for a game ever. Hey lets have our clients spend 4 months eveling 2 levels. When they die if they don't get back to their body in time because they were dumb enough to bind to a public place, they will loose4 levels and gear.
How about this. Lets show them why we call it "Ever"quest. We shall have them go to a zone 10 levels above them to kill a mob that is surrounded by mob 10 levels around them. Then if they actually do kill that mob we will give them a quest reward that is 4 levels below them. That way we will force them to spend the next 4 month leveling to finish a quest only to get a pos reward.
SOUNDS ****ING AWESOME TO ME! Screw that!
Bring on Warhammer and Age of Conan.
It's called Risk vs Reward. What EQ did so well was make tougher things well worth it, if you were afraid of dying and losing your xp/corpse then don't go deep into a dungeon or fight some uber boss. The game offered challanges for everyone, the little babies who can only play 5 hours a week ruined it when they started bitching because people who would commit time and risk their hard work for the advacement of their characters actually were rewarded.
I dislike WoW because theres real risk vs reward... death is meaningless in the game as is commitment to set a better goal and reach it. Everyone can do everything no matter how much effort they put into it... it should be like life, if you don't put the effort to get something then you don't get it.


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Great no more Volvo drivers, although in recent years 4WD drivers have largely replaced them as the worst drivers on the road.
There will have to be super-extensive testing for this to become a reality. Cars are dangerous, and this system is supposed to work up to 31mph (i.e. almost 50km/h!). While I applaud the technical aspirations, I would want to see it run a truly challenging obstacle course including kids/drunks running out onto the road; situations with faint or worn-out lane markings; and dealing with dickhead drivers.
It needs to be as good as the best non-professional drivers all on its own, and with 100% consistency. I believe we can get there and I look forward to the day we reach that point!


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Hot And Sour Soup
|Dried black chinese mushrooms
|Lean pork
|1⁄8 Pound
|2 Tablespoon
|4 Tablespoon
|White vinegar
|3 Tablespoon
|Soy sauce
|1 Tablespoon
|1⁄4 Teaspoon
|White pepper
|1⁄4 Teaspoon
|Chicken consomme
|6 Cup (96 tbs)
|Bamboo shoots
|1⁄4 Cup (4 tbs), cut into strips
|Raw shrimp
|Green onion
|1 , minced
|Snow peas
|6 , whole / halved
|1 Teaspoon
|2 , lightly beaten
In a small bowl, cover the mushrooms with boiling water.
Let stand for 30 minutes.
Drain the mushrooms and squeeze out excess liquid.
Discard the stems; cut the caps into thin strips.
Cut the pork across the grain in quarter-inch-thick slices, then cut the slices into quarter-inch strips.
In a cup, combine the cornstarch and water and blend well.
In another cup, combine the vinegar, soy sauce, salt, and pepper.
In a soup kettle, bring the chicken consomme to a boil.
Add pork, bamboo shoots, and mushrooms.
Bring to a boil again, then reduce heat to medium and add the shrimp.
Stir the vinegar-soy-sauce mixture and add to the soup.
Stir the cornstarch mixture and stir it into the soup.
Continue stirring until the soup thickens, about 2 minutes.
Add the green onion, snow peas, and Tabasco.
Stirring constantly, pour beaten eggs into the soup in a thin stream.
Serve at once.


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The Crown, St Margarets - pub details
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Address: 174 Richmond Road, St Margarets, Twickenham, Middlesex, TW1 2NH [map] [gmap]
Tel: 0871 951 1000 (ref 1471) - calls cost 10p per minute plus network extras
St Margarets (0.3 miles), Twickenham (0.6 miles), Richmond (1.2 miles)
- Food served, Real ale
- Outside seating, Children allowed, Wireless internet access (provided by The Cloud)
Are you the Licensee? Click here.
> Post a comment > Mail a friend
other pubs nearby:
St Margarets Tavern, St Margarets (0.2 miles), Old Anchor, Twickenham (0.2 miles), Clubhouse, Twickenham (0.2 miles), Mulberry, Twickenham (0.2 miles), Marble Hill, St Margarets (0.3 miles) - see more nearby pubs
user reviews of the Crown, St Margarets
please note - reviews on this site are purely the opinion of site visitors, so don't take them too seriously.
5 most recent reviews of 85 shown - see all reviews
|Pleasant gastro-y sort of pub which as they say on their website is not _too_ child-friendly - it is a pub after all. Beers including Little Haka, tried. Pub garden is nice as is the location near the riverside.
rainlight - 6 Apr 2015 17:37
|Pre-gastrofication, this place was fumbling for an identify. The furniture was all wrong, punters were scarce, and those who did drink there were too interested in the football. Then in 2013 the place was heavily refurbished: walls were knocked through, furnishings improved, and the menu became king.
Drinking there now, I sometimes feel like I'm waiting to be seated, even at 9.00 on a Friday evening when all I want is a few quiet jars. One settles in eventually, although the redolence of the food served there – often fish – has been so strong on occasion that I have been forced to quickly leave.
Yet the service is generally good and the art-work hanging off the walls is a little more interesting than the stock rubbish you get in a lot of these more modern pubs, although they could do with dimming the lights; I suppose the customers need to see what they're eating... 6/10
TheKindnessOfTrees - 24 Nov 2014 20:37
|Did a revisit last Saturday and still to be recommended.
4 hand pulls for Surrey Hill Sheer Drop, Sharps Cornish Coaster and Hop Back Summer Lightning.
I went for a pint of Harveys Best Bitter which was excellent and cost £3.70.
bjbrummiejohn - 23 Jun 2014 07:33
|I commented on this pub earlier in 2013, and am pleased to say the initial quality has been sustained, and its ongoing popularity seems to endorse this assessment. Good beer, very good food (possibly better than the nearby (dare we say it, now slightly tired) Brula (a notable local restaurant), and very pleasant atmosphere. Perfect for settling in, or just a passing by couple of pints.
One slight quirk - they seem to serve a "quality street" with their Irish coffee - surely a pub of this calibre would make their own after dinner "choccy"!
But otherwise a welcome haven from the rigours of modern life, and a welcome improvement to the slightly gothic Tavern.
The_Speckled_Hen - 12 Nov 2013 21:38
|They've certainly spent a few bob doing this place up, turning it into a very high class gaff. How the likes of bjbrummiejohn (see below) ever got through the front door, let alone being allowed to buy a drink, I cannot understand.
I was in here on August Bank Holiday Monday and there were four very good real ales on - Harveys Sussex Best, Surrey Hills Shere Drop, Hogs Back TEA and Sharp's Cornish Coaster - priced at around £3.50/£3.60 per pint. Not cheap but this is the Twickenham/Richmond area after all. The two beers we tried - Harveys and Surrey Hills - were in very good condition.
As someone has already commented, the food is not cheap and I didn't try it but from what I saw it was excellently presented and there was a wide selection. The pub was very busy and a lot of food was being sold.
I look forward to going back to this pub.
MillHouse - 27 Aug 2013 15:30
see more reviews


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Rosemary Lamb Cassoulet
|Mixed dried beans
|14 Ounce (100 Grams, Kidney Beans, Soya, Pinto Beans, Black-Eyed Peas And Haricot)
|Lean lamb
|12 Ounce, cubed (350 Grams)
|3 Clove (15 gm), crushed
|Canned tomatoes
|14 Ounce, chopped (1 Can)
|Tomato puree
|2 Tablespoon
|Baby carrots
|4 Ounce (100 Grams)
|5 Ounce, peeled and diced (150 Grams)
|Dried rosemary
|1 Tablespoon
|1⁄2 Ounce (15 Grams)
|Cold water
|2 Fluid Ounce (50 Milliliter)
|Freshly ground black pepper
|To Taste
|To Taste
1) In a bowl of cold water, soak the beans overnight.
2) Drain the beans and rinse well under cold running water.
3) Trim the excess fat from lamb.
4) Prehaet the oven.
5) In a saucepan, place the beans cover with cold water and boil them.
6) Boil rapidly for at least 10 minutes.
7) Skim any skum from the top of the boiling water and let the beans simmer for further 20 minutes.
8) Drain the beans well.
9) In a 2 litre (3 1/2 pint) flameproof casserole, place the lamb and garlic.
10) Fry the dry lamb over a moderate heat for 5 minutes to seal, stirring constantly.
11) Add the chopped tomatoes, tomato puree, carrots, celeriac, rosemary and beans.
12) Boil everything, cover the pan and simmer for 5 minutes, then transfer to a preheated oven for 1 hour.
13) Blend the cornflour with the water and stir thoroughly into the cassoulet.
14) Return the casserole to the oven for 20 minutes.
15) Season the dish to taste before serving.
16) Serve the lamb cassoulet with potatoes or crusty bread.


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Moderators: Tonyblack, Jason, Toothy
Tonyblack wrote:But they are (or used to be) almost useless at detecting anything and even if they were the information gathered by them is not acceptable in a court - unless that's changed in the last 15 years or so.
They don't Tiff. The only way they could is like Jan says if they applied for a warrant.Tiffany wrote:This makes interesting reading, but I couldn't see anywhere where the T.V. licensing people have a right to go into your house.
http://www.yourrights.org.uk/yourrights ... your-home/
I saw an interesting documentary about a British expedition to find the North West Passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific, The crew of the ships were well stocked with what was a new invention then - canned food. They had loads of it and therefore weren't worried about getting iced in as they could last for a couple of years on the stocks they took.Calon wrote:I have to be honest and say I have for so long hunted the aisles for a decent tin opener. You buy them the bloody things break. Beans on toast has been saved inumerable times by my trusty Swiss Army Knife which has a tin opener design that is simple easy to use and never EVER breaks. It is interesting that the tin opener was invented some years after the invention of canned food. They just used a knife back then. And we dare to complain...how decadent of us.
Calon wrote:And why is it people use 'of' as a verb? ..I should of...I could of...oooo now that gets me.
Go for it!Straw Walker wrote:Calon wrote:And why is it people use 'of' as a verb? ..I should of...I could of...oooo now that gets me.
It's obviously a corruption of have, ie. Could have. My least favourite word is 'get' or even worse 'gotton'. Sorry, I feel a new thread coming on.
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Most of my climbing has been in the rugged North Cascades of Washington State. Access my Washington trip reports in the "Climbs" category via the Washington main page or the dropdown Sidebar to the left.
• Homepage > Trip Reports MAIN PAGE > Washington (my home state) >


text: http://blogs.gnome.org – GTK+ 3.0 is a major new version of GTK+, containing far too many changes to list them all here. The major highlights include: Cairo drawing throughout. GDK no longer wraps the antiquated X11 drawing API; we've made a clean break and exclusively rely on cairo for all our drawing needs now. This has also enabled us to remove several other X11-centric concepts such as GCs, colormaps and pixmaps. Modern input device handling. The input device handling in GDK has long been a sadly neglected area. This has changed; with 3.0, GTK+ steps into the modern world of XI2 with full support for multiple (Software)


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Jets Sign Former Pack LB Mauga To Practice Squad
Posted: 12/10/2009 - For the second time in as many days, an AFC East team has added a former Wolf Pack star to its practice squad.
Posted: 12/10/2009 - For the second time in as many days, an AFC East team has added a former Wolf Pack star to its practice squad.
Posted: 12/09/2009 - MINNEAPOLIS - Former Wolf Pack star dished out six assists and played fifteen minutes during the Timberwolves 97-96 loss to the Hornets on Wednesday night.
Updated: 12/10/2009 - Coming into this season, ESPN had super-high expectations for the Wolf Pack; even scheduling four of Nevada's games to air on the network. Now, it appears that at least one person with the "Worldwide Leader In Sports" feels let down with the end result.
Posted: 12/09/2009 - A week after having him workout for the team, the New England Patriots have added former Wolf Pack quarterback Jeff Rowe to their practice squad.
Updated: 12/09/2009 - RENO, Nev. (AP) - Armon Johnson scored 19 points to lead Nevada to a 89-67 over Fresno Pacific on Tuesday night.
Posted: 12/08/2009 - RENO, Nev. - University of Nevada swimmers Marichi Gandionco and Heidi Gem Ong will represent the Philippines at the 25th Southeast Asia Games being held Dec. 9-18 at Vientiane, Laos. Both swimmers are from Quezon City and are scheduled to take the pool on Thursday.
Posted: 12/08/2009 - DENVER – Boise State's Stephanie North and Nevada's Aniesa Debaji were named the Verizon Wireless Western Athletic Conference swimmer and diver of the week, respectively.
Posted: 12/08/2009 - BROOKINGS, S.D. (AP) -Garrett Callahan scored 27 points to lead South Dakota State past Southwest Minnesota State, 95-70 Tuesday night.
Posted: 12/08/2009 - ATLANTA - Ryan Church's stay in Atlanta turned out to be a short one.
Posted: 12/08/2009 - After driving in a career-high 88 runs and posting a Major League record .990 fielding percentage at third base, former Wolf Pack infielder Kevin Kouzmanoff has become an attractive commodity for other teams.
Updated: 12/08/2009 - PORTLAND, Ore. (AP) - The Portland State Vikings have named Nevada defensive coordinator Nigel Burton as their new head coach.
Posted: 12/07/2009 - The Western Athletic Conference announced its all-WAC teams and coach and players of the year awards as voted upon by the WAC's nine head coaches.
Updated: 12/07/2009 - RENO - Nevada wide reciever Brandon Wimblerly was named the WAC Freshman of the Year on Monday.
Updated: 12/07/2009 - RENO - Nevada's Dontay Moch was named the WAC Defensive Player of the Year on Monday.
Updated: 12/07/2009 - RENO - The Portland Tribune is reporting that Nigel Burton will become the next head coach at Portland State.
Posted: 12/06/2009 - Complete listing of matchups and times of every NCAA bowl game
Posted: 12/06/2009 - WASHINGTON D.C. -- Former Wolf Pack wideout Marko Mitchell continues to make the most of his limited action in the National Football League.
Updated: 12/07/2009 - The Wolf Pack will accept a bid to play Southern Methodist in the Hawai'i Bowl, according to a report published in the Honolulu Advertiser.
Updated: 12/06/2009 - STOCKTON, Calif. (AP) - Sam Willard had 19 points and seven rebounds Saturday night to lead Pacific to a 61-58 victory over Nevada.
Posted: 12/04/2009 - ARLINGTON, Texas (AP) — The Texas Rangers have acquired infielder Joe Inglett on a waiver claim from Toronto, bringing in a utility player after Omar Vizquel's departure.
Posted: 12/02/2009 - RENO, Nev. – Reno High graduate Christina Gough's three pointer with 19 seconds remaining in the game pushed the University of Nevada women's basketball team over 100 points for the first time since 1986 as the Wolf Pack beat Sacramento State 101-72 Wednesday afternoon at Lawlor Events Center.
Updated: 12/02/2009 - WARREN COUNTY, Ohio - Former Wolf Pack star Kirk Snyder has been ordered back to jail for allegedly removing his electronic monitoring device.
Updated: 12/01/2009 - RENO, Nev. (AP) - Nevada basketball coach David Carter says he anticipates sophomore forward Luke Babbitt and junior guard Armon Johnson will be back with the Wolf Pack next season.
Posted: 11/30/2009 - RENO, Nev. — University of Nevada men's basketball coach David Carter will hold his second Time-Out Luncheon on Tuesday, Dec. 1 at the Silver Legacy Resort Casino in Reno.
Posted: 11/30/2009 - FLORENCE, Alabama – Arkansas Tech senior quarterback Nick Graziano has been invited to attend the 24th Annual Harlon Hill Trophy Presentation Banquet as one of the top three finishers for the 2009 NCAA Division II Football Player of the Year Award.


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Amber Clinics provide accessible, quality healthcare for the people in the GCC. Amber clinics have created a vision for quality, accessible healthcare, managed by extremely proficient teams of skilled supervisors, nurses, technicians and specialist doctors of international standard and caliber. With this deal, Amber Clinics gives Groupies a brighter, whiter smile through Zoom Teeth Whitening. Zoom! teeth whitening is a safe, effective and fast method. The process makes use of light and a special whitening gel which work together to gently penetrate the teeth, breaking up stains and discoloration. The whole process only takes less than an hour. Have the confidence to smile at anything with this Groupon.


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December 2011 Tables of Contents
Table of Contents
December 2011
Fireplaces and Chimneys
Drainable is Sustainable
For the Record
President's Message
Government Affairs
New Products
Best Practices
Full Contact PM
Classified Advertising
MCAA Upcoming Education
Related Posts
- 48March 2015 Saw Blades By Jim Cook The thing about blades is that they can always be a little sharper. That's a maxim the masonry blade industry has taken to heart as it continues to innovate, making blades more versatile, more durable and less expensive to produce. The masonry blade industry has done much to…
- 39Table of Contents April 2012 Volume 51, Number 4 FEATURES A Crash Course in Planks When armed with the correct information, you have control over jobsite accidents and fines. Masonry consults a planking industry expert. Software: Efficiency at Your Fingertips Keeping up with software advances can be frustrating, but let's face it – this is…
- 39March 2009 Convention Report 2009 MCAA Convention Entertainer and speaker Alan Thicke addresses the crowd during the Opening Session of the MCAA Convention. The 2009 MCAA Convention was held during the World of Concrete/World of Masonry show in Las Vegas last month. Mason contractors, suppliers and allied industry representatives from across the United States met…
- 39Table of Contents November 2008 Volume 47, Number 11 FEATURES School Days Education and training for masonry professionals The Skinny on Scaffolding New scaffolding products offer time and money savings, and safety. Hot Trends in Fireplaces Fireplaces and chimneys provide opportunities for growth and profit. 2009 MCAA Convention This year's convention will be a mix…
- 37Table of Contents April 2013 Volume 52, Number 4 FEATURES Scaffolding Systems Choosing the right scaffolding system is a decision that will affect your operation for years. Software Review: Masonry profiles some of the latest and greatest in software and apps for mason contractors. Know Your Plank Learn more about the inspection, storage and purchasing…


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Additional Categories:
Mfg.: Doyon Baking Equipment
Model: Doyon Baking Equipment LMA624
This item is BRAND NEW and shipped directly from the manufacturer with a full warranty. Stainless steel models are also available. Please contact us directly with questions on other configurations.
There is a three week lead time on this product.
Doyon reversible dough sheeters are designed for hotels, restaurants, pastry shops and small to high production bakeries. These sheeters are suitable for sheeting and stretching any kind of dough: yeast, croissants, puffed pastries, danish, flaky pastries, savory dough, soft pastry dough as well as stiff pizza or other kinds of dough to the required thickness. These sheeters are designed to ensure the highest degree of performance and efficiency you expect from Doyon.
There are currently no reviews for this item. Be the first to write one.


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Results 1 to 12 of 12
Thread: Happy Boonday!
June 16th, 2007 #1
Happy Boonday!
(birthday thread to BOON)
Hide this ad by registering as a memberJune 16th, 2007 #2
happy birthday, Boon! Your art was gorgeous and it is a pity you don't post anymore... Such a graceful and unique imagination and skills... All the best to you.
June 16th, 2007 #3
yeah happy b-day you are missed around here
my sketchbook
friends Sketchbooks:Dile_, Stine
my flickr go there if you want to see my photography stuff
<mildly sarcastic remark that seems a little cutting at first read, but contains wisdom and is really rather funny>
Ilaekae: "I'm sick and tired of "purists" who dictate their own anal preoccupations to everybody else as the word of gods."
June 16th, 2007 #4
Hahahah! Happy b-day Boon, and that picture's hilarious!
June 16th, 2007 #5
WTF! take this shit down!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! godda,mnit im so drunk rithght now ill get u for this shit face!
Once u BOON u don't go back
June 16th, 2007 #6
btw i have short hair now bitch........................
Once u BOON u don't go back
June 16th, 2007 #7
Whoa, BOON day is here.
Have a good B'day Boon,
June 16th, 2007 #8
Hahah, all of us just got BOON'D. Happy Burfday man.
June 16th, 2007 #9
awsome thread!!!
i especially enjoy that sexy model shot in the water!!!
here's my contribution to many pretty faces of BOOON!
-p.s. still practicing the art of "Fat-pill-jitsu!
"we are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, therefore, is not an act, but a habit"
my OLD sketchs urban Exploration SITE!
my BLOG
June 17th, 2007 #10
HAaaaaaaHAHAAaaa, post some art damnit!
June 17th, 2007 #11fishing for boots...
- Join Date
- Sep 2005
- Location
- Florida
- Posts
- 2,304
- Thanks
- 1,018
- Thanked 112 Times in 93 Posts
My long lost brother!!!
Happy birthday, don't get too sober
June 17th, 2007 #12
what the hell boon post art. boon in da house
Lohan-Luxun-Prophet-Bendragon-dan liimatta-Evil Sloth


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ARC Job Opportunities
There are currently no job opportunities at the Appalachian Regional Commission. Opportunities will be posted here as they are announced.
Equal Employment PolicyARC is committed to the principles of equal employment opportunity. Applicants are considered for all positions without regard to race, sex, color, religion, national origin, age, disability (so long as such disability can be reasonably accommodated), or any other status protected by applicable law.


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A collection of news and information related to Hayley Petit published by this site and its partners.
Top Hayley Petit Articles
Displaying items 1-8
Letters: Fast track to the execution chamberStory | Feb 18, 2014Re "Campaign seeks faster route to death chamber," Feb. 13 On a number of issues California has been a forward-thinking leader. That is why it is most disturbing that three governors who are clearly out of touch with the direction this state is...
Two Wrongs: Death Penalty Is Revenge, Not JusticeStory | Sep 28, 2011The execution of Troy Davis in Georgia last week has once again pushed the debate over capital punishment to the forefront. Although there are many questions regarding this particular case, Mr. Davis is dead, and any discussion is purely academic....
Five Years After the Cheshire Home Invasion, A Killer Answers Questions
Steven Hayes: A Life In And Out Of Prison
Request For Separate Juries Dropped In Petit Slaying Trial
Death Penalty: Costly And No DeterrentStory | Feb 2, 2011If anyone has a good reason to support maintaining the death penalty in Connecticut, it should be me. I live in Cheshire, where the horrific home invasion and triple homicide took place in 2007. I knew the victims. The mother, Jennifer Hawke-Petit, was a...
Courant Archive: Cheshire Victims' Relatives See Suspects ChargedStory | Jul 25, 2007A judge getting ready to send Joshua Komisarjevsky to prison in 2002 called him a ``cold, calculating predator.'' Equipped with night-vision goggles and armed with a knife, he would slash his way through screens into houses around his hometown of...
Cheshire Authorities Describe Grim Search For Bodies


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Most Popular in:
New in Antiaging/Cosmeceuticals (page 64 of 84)
Dec 04, 2012 | 12:08 PM CST
CEW Presents Prestige Skin Care's Top Innovators
By: Nancy Jeffries
Charisse Ford, Estée Lauder; Silvia Galfo, Lancôme; and Tomoko Yamagishi-Dressler, Shiseido Cosmetics America; share strategies and insights into marketing prestige skin care in a changing consumer environment.
Dec 03, 2012 | 11:22 AM CST
Targeting Greater Global Sales, Shiseido Launches Clé de Peau Beauté in Russia
The products are now available at Moscow's TSUM, and Shiseido has developed dedicated counters there for the Clé de Peau Beauté brand, which is a top prestige priority for Shiseido.
Nov 30, 2012 | 11:28 AM CST
New LA Flagship Walgreens Location Features Extensive Look Boutique
The new Walgreens location celebrates the pharmacy retailing chain's 8,000th store and marks its intentions for a significant presence on the West Coast. It will also be the first Walgreens location to feature Boots No7 beauty products.
Nov 28, 2012 | 03:53 PM CST
Caught in the Clutch: Beauty Packaging On the Go
By: Kelley Styring
The packaging of beauty products can be intricate, involved, engaging and provoking—and all of that can immediately be damaged once a product is jostled around in a purse, the home of many beauty products.
Nov 27, 2012 | 01:35 PM CST
New Pantene Line from P&G Targets Signs of Age in Hair
Pantene AgeDefy hair care products will focus on fighting breakage, dehydration, split ends, unruly grays, lackluster color, thinning and damage.
Nov 27, 2012 | 12:04 PM CST
Double-digit Growth Leads Makeup, Skin Care, Fragrance into the Holidays, According to NPD Group
Fragrance gift sets set to be strong for the holiday period, with skin care and makeup gift sets gaining.
Nov 27, 2012 | 11:56 AM CST
in-cosmetics 2013 Set to Display More Innovation, Interaction Opportunities
The event, to be held in Paris in April, will focus on water, with unique formulations, new ingredients, product concepts and technologies that all use water for the development of creative beauty products.
Nov 27, 2012 | 11:33 AM CST
Kanebo Lays Out Plan for Global Growth
The Japan-based beauty company is aiming to solidify its presence in its home country while also widening is global reach.
Nov 16, 2012 | 10:07 AM CST
Allergan to Acquire Part of SkinMedica
The pharmaceutical giant is acquiring the skin care portion of SkinMedica's business for $350 million, leaving SkinMedica to spin off its recently purchased Colorescience makeup division.
Nov 15, 2012 | 02:01 PM CST
In the Year 2013: What Beauty Experts See for the Future
By: Ada Polla
Beauty industry experts share their expectations for the coming year with Ada Polla and GCI magazine.


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Cape Lookout State Park Things to Do
Picnic and Barbecue Areas
Located west of the cabins and at the south side of the main parking area, there is a forested beach area with a number of picnic tables. Many of these picnic tables also have a grilling stand built in to the area around the picnic table.
As seen in photo 2, there is also a reasonably large picnic shelter, which may be reserved for group use. This is located right along the trail that leads from the main north beach parking area to the beach itself. If there is no sign reserving this shelter for someone else, you will almost always find someone occupying it on a first-come first-served basis.Related to:
- Beaches
- Family Travel
Cape Lookout Road Viewpoints
South of Netarts Bay, Cape Lookout Road starts climing the hill to the ridge that goes out to sea and forms Cape Lookout. There are several wide spots in the road where it is possible to pull off to the side, and on a clear day, or even a not-so-clear day when the clouds are above the Cape, it is possible to get a decent view of Netarts Bay and the Pacific Ocean washing the edge of the Peninsula.
The signs say "No Parking on Pavement". This is because the paved areas are actually the road, and parking on the edge of the road interferes with traffic. Instead, pull all the way off the road into the gravel areas.
Other than looking over the edge at the view, there isn't too much else to do here.Related to:
- Photography
- Beaches
- Road Trip
Cape Lookout Trails
There are some 8 miles (13 km) of hiking trails in Cape Lookout State Park. These inlude:
Cape Trail: approximately 2.5 miles (4 km) in length, it does not have long inclines but does have a series of somewhat steep up and down segments. It goes from the parking lot at the summit of the road to Cape Lookout to the end of the cape, and provides great views on a clear day. As the end of the cape is a steeply sloped cliff above the ocean far away from the coast itself, it is considered a reasonably good place to watch for whales during the migration season.
South Beach Trail: 1.8 miles (3 km) of steeply sloping trail leads from the parking area at the summit down to the beach on the south side of Cape Lookout
North Trail: 2.3 miles (4 km) connecting the trailhead area at the summit of the cape with the park day use area along the beach at the north end of the park.Related to:
- Whale Watching
- Hiking and Walking
Cape Lookout State Park Warnings and Dangers
The Edge: Steep Dropoff into...
Over the years, improvements have been made to Oregon State Parks, especially when it comes to hand rails next to steep cliffs.
However, in a number of places, you will find that the steep cliffs remain unprotected. In some cases it is simply too difficult to build a railing next to the trail everywhere, and in other cases it is simply that resources don't exist to construct railings yet.
Most of these places aren't for people who are severely uneasy with heights either.
Cape Lookout State Park is one of those many, many places in the Pacific Northwest where visitors have to take safety into their own hands, and be very careful as they walk along a trail that runs along the edge of the cliff in a number of places.
There isn't much to prevent you from falling several hundred feet down into the ocean if you get too close to the edge or trip over something and fall into the nothingness above the ocean.
What handrails there are along the edge of the cliff are the old steel cable type that really date from the 1940s or 1950s, and modern visitors are usually not used to such flimsy protections on the edge of such a cliff.
Don't expect the state parks crews to be able to rope off entire forests for your protection, but at this location you are really going to want to watch yourself (and any children that are traveling with you) and stay away from the edge!Related to:
- Hiking and Walking
- National/State Park
Instant Answers: Cape Lookout State Park
Get an instant answer from local experts and frequent travelers


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Photo Flash: First Look at A MOST WANTED MAN, Feat. Philip Seymour Hoffman
The film will be adapted by Andrew Bovell and will be directed by Anton Corbijn. It is based on John le Carre's 2008 thriller, and tells the story of a mysterious Russian man living in Hamburg, Germany who may or may not be a terrorist. Hoffman will portray the head of a German spy unit who is following the Russian to determine his true identity.
Last year, le Carre's novel 'Tinker Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy' was adapted for the big screen and has since earned three Academy award nominations. The film has grossed over $61 million worldwide.
Hoffman joined the LAByrinth Theater Company in 1995, and has directed and performed in numerous Off-Broadway productions. His performances in two Broadway plays led to two Tony Award nominations: one for Best Leading Actor in True West (2000), and another for Best Featured Actor in Long Day's Journey into Night (2003).
Photo by: Film Nation; via The Hollywood Reporter
About Author
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1. Soak cherry chips for 20-30 minutes prior to grilling steaks.
2. Partially cook bacon, pat dry and set aside.
3. Rub the tenderized flank steak with olive oil.
4. Season it with salt, pepper, Montreal Steak Seasoning and Pepper Corn medley.
5. Slice flank steak, cutting against the grain of the meat, into strips equal to the width of a piece of bacon and keep strips grouped to the shape of the flank steak.
6. Spread Parmesan cheese evenly over the strips and pat to adhere.
7. Spread Gorgonzola cheese evenly over the strips and pat to adhere.
8. Place a slice of bacon over each strip.
9. Begin rolling pin-wheel steak from an end cut.
10. Each pin-wheel will consist of 4-5 strips, depending on the size of the flank steak. (Yeild will be 2 Pin-wheel steaks)
11. Tie each pin-wheel with butcher/kitchen string.
12. Slowly grill over briquettes using the soaked Cherry wood chips for about an hour.
13. Remove from grill, plate and serve as your yummy main dish.


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TAMS manages urban parks and open space in Canberra. There are three main types of urban parks in Canberra.
Other landscaped components of the park system include:
For information about playgrounds please visit play spaces.
Plans of management for urban parks identify what is important about the areas and how they are to be managed. A plan of management is intended to provide direction and guidance to the land custodian, management staff, visitors, neighbours, volunteers, and others with an interest in the area.
Take a video tour of one of the playgrounds managed by TAMS within John Knight memorial Park here:
Video shows children playing at John Knight Memorial Park.


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Analysts around the world are realizing the considerable economic costs that regulations impose. While the national budget makes public expenditures transparent, the burden that regulations impose can be hard to discern. In many countries outside the US and Canada, regulators are not even required to calculate and report the compliance and other costs that their regulations will impose on companies, consumers and citizens.
Dr. Johan Eklund is a Research Fellow at the Ratio Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. Dr. Björn Falkenhall is a Senior Analyst at the Swedish Agency for Growth Policy Analysis in Stockholm. This post draws from the authors' report entitled "The Economic Effects of the Regulatory Burden."


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NEW ORLEANS — Federal prosecutors have charged a former member of the Louisiana Board of Elementary and Secondary Education as part of a nationwide crackdown on Medicare fraud.
The New Orleans Advocate (http://bit.ly/1MV1t1f) reports Louella Givens, who represented the New Orleans area on BESE for two terms before losing a 2011 re-election bid, is accused of submitting millions of dollars in fraudulent Medicare claims through her home health care companies.
Ten others, including two doctors and a psychologist, were charged in five separate New Orleans-based schemes that authorities said involved about $110 million in fraudulent Medicare claims. The case is part of a nationwide health care fraud sweep that led to charges announced Thursday against 243 people from Miami to Los Angeles to Dallas to Brooklyn, New York.
Givens could not be reached for comment. She's scheduled to appear in federal court June 30.
As owner of Maxima Home Health Services and House Call Home Health Care, Givens paid kickbacks for patient referrals and submitted claims to Medicare for services that either weren't provided or were not medically necessary, according to a 26-page criminal complaint filed in U.S. District Court.
Federal authorities began investigating Maxima about a year ago after a confidential informant told them that Givens had been paying people for referrals for home health care services and "billing Medicare services that were not medically necessary and/or not provided," the complaint says.
After reviewing bank records and Medicare claims data and interviewing former employees, the authorities determined many of the beneficiaries involved had not met Medicare criteria for home health care.
"The information obtained by investigators also indicated that many of these same beneficiaries reported never having seen or (having) any contact with the physician listed on Maxima billing documents as the referring physician," Wesley Root, a special agent with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General, wrote in the complaint.
Givens was no stranger to controversy during her time on the state's top school board.
In 2011, The Times-Picayune reported she had been arrested for DWI and later that year the Internal Revenue Service had placed a lien on Givens' home due to more than $1.3 million unpaid federal taxes.
Information from: The New Orleans Advocate, http://www.neworleansadvocate.com


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Originally written on The Penalty Flag | Last updated 3/21/13
I want to start this out by saying that there is no way that Tim Tebow will ever wear Silver and Black in 2013, but imagine if Tebow became a member of the Oakland Raiders in 2013. This is what would happen if Tebow signed with the Oakland Raiders in 2013. For starters Tebow would compete with Carson Palmer and Terrelle Pryor for the starting job. Palmer would be cut for cap reasons, and Pryor would enter the season as the starting quarterback with Tebow as his backup... Read more
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1925: Very decorative secured mortage loan. Vignette with shepherd, locomotive, harvester.
Signed by Vice President. Cancelled December 1925.
Size: 13 in x 10 in. Very fine condition.
We offer Vintage Postcards, Chinese Antiques, Autographs, Graphics and more. WORLD WIDE SHIPPING!!
Welcome! 2500+ fine Antique Collectibles waiting for you. Many European, all with negotiable prices.