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Not finding what you're looking for? Below are vehicles that may interest you.
2012 Chevrolet Malibu
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Description: Outstanding fuel economy and sleek styling are two great reasons to consider this Chevrolet Malibu. The Malibu LS w/1LS is well maintained and has just 37 359 miles. This low amount of miles makes this vehicle incomparable to the competition. Treat yourself to a wonderful driving experience in this wel- optioned Chevrolet Malibu LS w/1LS. Equipped with the latest in driver comforts this Chevrolet is the benchmark of modern automotive engineering. Ask about our Lifetime Engine Warranty! �Trucks…
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2015 Cadillac Escalade
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Description: ~More photos to come~ Just Reduced!~The purest example of American Luxury and refinement. This Beautiful Escalade is fully appointed with all the opulence you have come to expect from Cadillac.� With more CARFAX one-owner vehicles to choose from than most other dealers Trucks Only - Mesa is the place to purchase a great new pre-owned vehicle like this Escalade. There's a level of quality and refinement in this Cadillac Escalade that you won't find in your average vehicle. This highly refined…
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Ashlyn Willson
Club Passim
Ashlyn Willson, a singer-songwriter, producer, and composer, performs in a variety of styles including country, rock, indie, and pop.
Vivienne Aerts
Wakefield Library
From the Netherlands, vocalist Vivienne Aerts studied at Berklee College of Music where she worked with renowned jazz artists such as Danilo Perez, Joe Lovano, John Patitucci, Joanne Brackeen, and Jetro Da Silva, among others.
Dave D'aranjo's Senior Recital
Berk Recital Hall
Bass principal Dave D'aranjo performs his senior recital with special guests.
Inchul Baek: Newborn
Oliver Colvin Recital Hall
Bassist Inchul Baek and his quintet present a celebration for his son.
Rhythm of the Americas Project
O'Day Park
As part of the Tito Puente Latin Music Series, the Rhythm of the Americas Project features Berklee professor Mark Walker's original, modern compositions in various Latin American styles.
James Fernando
Brewer Plaza
James Fernando is a 19-year-old pianist from Needham, Massachusetts who frequently performs and teaches around the Boston area.
Jive McFly
Charlestown Navy Yard
Jive McFly, a Boston-based band specializing in a blend of funk, rock, and pop, performs.
Kathryn Hallberg / Amy & the Engine
Georges Island
Kathryn Hallberg, an accomplished songwriter who has distilled her varied influences into a sound that is all her own, performs. Boston-based Amy & the Engine perform their quirky pop with a folk rock sensibility.
Creative Entrepreneurship: China High School Summer Program
This BerkleeICE summer program brings select Chinese high school students to the education hub of Boston to nurture creative thinking, teamwork, and leadership.
Ashlyn Willson
The Street
Ashlyn Willson, a singer-songwriter, producer, and composer, performs in a variety of styles including country, rock, indie, and pop.
The Wiles
Longfellow House
The Wiles, formerly known as Ellie Buckland and Isa Burke, perform old folk songs, new Americana, and original songs in an acoustic roots style.
Daniel Pugh
Brewer Plaza
A musician born and raised in Syracuse, New York in a musical family, Daniel Pugh has been playing piano since the age of five and performing since the age of seven.
Sahil Warsi: Burnin' Straight Ahead
Oliver Colvin Recital Hall
Double bass principal Sahil Warsi presents an afternoon of bebop and contemporary jazz music with his quartet.
The Gaia Wilmer Octet
With strong Brazilian influences and creative writing, Gaia Wilmer follows her own musical directions and ideas, creating unique textures and colors with her group, the Gaia Wilmer Octet.
Sora Kim: Beautiful Imperfection
Berk Recital Hall
Piano principal and composer Sora Kim presents an evening of standards and original compositions in the style of jazz.
James Heazlewood-Dale's First Recital
Berklee Dining Hall
Double bass principal James Heazlewood-Dale presents a mixture of compositions and arrangements of some hard-swinging, soul-lifting, foot-tapping music.
V Blackburn
Summer Street
V Blackburn, a singer-songwriter and current Berklee student from the old Southern city of Miami, Florida, performs.
Daniel Pugh
Brewer Plaza
A musician born and raised in Syracuse, New York in a musical family, Daniel Pugh has been playing piano since the age of five and performing since the age of seven.
Prudential Center
Former Latin American Idol participant and current Berklee student Nella performs her world music.
Gaia Wilmer
Berk Recital Hall
Brazilian composer/arranger/saxophonist Gaia Wilmer presents an afternoon of original music.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
I'm not so sure about that as much as Chavez Jr is not a dedicated athlete he is TOUGH and he is big at MW and a guy like GGG who would be in exchanges might find Jr a VERY tough out.. Martinez had to move ALL night to beat him up like that and in the 11th and 12th round Jr was still on him and put him down badly… Golovkin is NOT Martinez, that is a pick'em fight in my opinionPosted January 21, 2013 3:32 pm
It's Me, Ernie
GGG vs Chavez Jr. would be great, it would end us having to see Jr. anymore.Posted January 21, 2013 12:05 pm
Salido belongs to that class of CRUDE yet tough and not easily deterred fighters but he is not a very skilled fighter.. The Juanma wins actually say more about Lopez weaknesses than they really do about Salidos strengths… A top fighter should be able to adjust to the come forward style of a guy like that and avoid getting taken out….Garcia made Salido look like a rank amateur except he was a bit too tolerant of his presence in the ringPosted January 21, 2013 10:58 am
Ray Ray
Golovkin shouldn't b fighting these guys…total mismatch. I hope GGG gets sone bigger names and stiffer competition soon, I think he will. Chavez jr?Posted January 21, 2013 6:45 am
"Just like in the Golovkin-Rosado fight, the losing fighter showed much more courage." Whaaaat????!!!?? Apparently you didn't see Rosado backpedaling around the ring like a madman as Triple G stalked and hunted him down just before the fight was stopped. If the fight would have continued Rosado would have been on his back looking up at the lights–or not. Golovkin beat him up good. Takes a lot of courage to do that. Skill too.Posted January 20, 2013 11:29 pm
"It did seem strange that Mikey didn't want to keep fighting considering fighting with a broken nose seems to be a common thing." Phanco, didn't you pay attention to how Mikey looked and sounded after the fight was stopped? The guy's nose was twisted and he was wheezing and puffing because he couldn't breathe through his nose. It was a legit stop. Besides, Mikey was systematically dismantling Salido and Salido knew it. Of course Salido was landing some shots–it's boxing! But Mikey continued to tear him up through eight rounds and if he wouldn't have suffered a broken nose, he likely would have stopped Salido. Salido had no answer for Mikey Garcia. Nice job and great win by Mikey!Posted January 20, 2013 11:24 pm
The El Paso Fight Prophet
I was first to comment on this thread and I took my pick when all the prophets were very quiet. I have picked a winner every time I have spoken here. There for groupie wannabes can hook off my nuts.Posted January 20, 2013 11:24 pm
te tumbo
". . . it was a fight changing head butt, end of story" You're Right TOMATO CAN. it's the game-changing factor that makes it a perfectly respectable stoppage. i had forgot to consider it and no wonder i was scratching my head over it. mystery solved. Garcia can proceed with his professional integrity intact.Posted January 20, 2013 7:02 pm
This writer says… "Mikey was stopping a lot of Salido's attacks by shoving him while backing up. Since the referee allowed Garcia to do this, he was able to stop many of Salido's attacks with this move." The referee was hardly favoring Garcia.
The dirty fighter was Salido.. OS can't box and was losing every round.. In desperation, OS started butting and throwing elbows.. He broke Garcia's nose with a deliberate driving head-butt that was almost as flagrant as Ortiz's on Mayweather.. Garcia's corner warned him about butts and elbows … And Garcia didn't decide to end the fight.. The injury, caused by an illegal blow, injured him to the extent the referee and doctor stopped the fight for his safety … Another head-butt on that nose could have caused untold damage. Salido had no possible way to win on points so he was doing what he knows best.Posted January 20, 2013 4:46 pm
HHH, Please don't be condescending, you may learn something. You are saying things that are irrelevant. How is GGG responsible for the record of who he fights? Was Proksa bad? You speak as if his fights are close with anyone or that he doesn't stop them. It's absolutely clear that you dislike him as you seem not to give the credit that is due Golovkin. Your distorted views are not worth any more of my time.
The1Posted January 20, 2013 4:12 pm
Tomato Can
I just came here to see how many fans would be crying about the Garcia/Salido stoppage. Salido fought a trash fight, he did the only thing he could do, land a head shot to break Garcia's nose, clean. Good stoppage, if it had been a punch, Slalido would have won, but it was a fight changing head butt, end of story.Posted January 20, 2013 3:06 pm
te tumbo
Garcia does need to work on his closing skills. his killer-instinct is particularly chill. otherwise, there were at least two occassions when i thought Salido was a surge away from being TKO'd and the sooner-the-better v. a fighter like Salido. Btw, i've become somewhat mystified by these gentleman-fighters from Oxnard who love and live to fight another day(?). Marquez in the same situation v. Jaca waved-away the courtesy and proceeded to Finish the job instead. better? worse? i don't know. my money's worth? Absolutely.Posted January 20, 2013 1:15 pm
Go and break your nose then try to go do something.Its easy to sit on this side of the tv and say what someone should do.Mikey did the right thing.Posted January 20, 2013 11:07 am
Garcia has some really heavy hands but I hope he learned something his "patience" with Salido allowed an unnecessary injury to occur… When he had him hurt he should have stepped it up earlier and took Salido out.. It's dangerous letting a hard , veteran foe stay in the fight when opportunity came for a KO on more than one occasion. Talented young fighter but I would have liked to see him press the issue more early on..Posted January 20, 2013 10:53 am
Errr, why do you care about Martinez' pay packet? Do you get a share?
I gave three examples right there of guys he beat up IN THE GYM (and Quillin didn't even deny it when asked in an interview on this very site).
Yes, Rosado was moving up in weight, but he was not the smaller fighter — he's a big guy. And why is it if the favorite to win does not absolutely steamroll his opponent it's an "unsatisfying" win? Rosado was a very formidable fighter — young, tough, well-trained and determined. I don't care how good you are, those types of fighters don't just lay down or easily get blasted out. Yet, GGG did what he had to do — busted him up badly and pounded out a win.Posted January 20, 2013 9:39 am
I also think it was impressive but unsatisfying to see Garcia beat-up on a very tough veteran (Salido) only to have the fight stopped just as Salido was finally beginning to catch Garcia with big shots. Just like in the Golovkin-Rosado fight, the losing fighter showed much more courage. The weigh-in showed two fighters at 126 — but Garcia looked much bigger and heavier. I wonder about the weight-loss techniques of the younger fighters including Chavez Jr., Alvarez, and now Garcia. These guys seem to come in on fight night much bigger than their opponents. Garcia was technically very impressive – but he had big advantages in size — and those two things seemed to hurt Salido badly who was out of the fight. But it was great to see Salido stay in there and finally begin to catchy Garcia with big shots. The ending was very unsatisfying.Posted January 20, 2013 9:35 am
I think any real boxing fan would say that these fights were impressive but unfortunately unsatisfying. Golovkin was impressive — but it was unsatisfying to see him beating up on a smaller man (Rosado) and not being able to knock him out. It was unsatisfying to see the smaller man (Rosado) show much more courage and determination than Golovkin and for the cuts to stop the fight. It was unsatisfying to see the Golovkin get marked up with his eyes beginning to close even though the smaller man (Rosado) did not hit him that often. Having said that, Golovkin was impressive — but I think boxing fans would wish for more.Posted January 20, 2013 9:30 am
How can anyone slate GGG,battered anyone put in front of him..if the winner of Geale/Mundine is to fight GGG in a unification fight then you gotta take notice.. and if thats winner is
@hoj. U must be referring the 4 punches to the back of the head..not thr earPosted January 20, 2013 8:46 am
Mick the Marmalizer
Geale fights Mundain later this month, so hopefully Golovkin fights the winner!Posted January 20, 2013 7:27 am
so long
want to see ggg get tested….hope some champions in mw or smw groh some balls to fight him……he is been backed by hbo so a pay day will be garanted…..Posted January 20, 2013 7:19 am
smorger gave gab time out to recover from a punch to the ear which i thought was strange also ….Posted January 20, 2013 7:02 am
Rewrite ,Garcia should lose the fight as he couldnt continue.I agree with hh london.Wins fight by broken nose??…thats wwf rules…tko win for Salido.Posted January 20, 2013 6:49 am
Accidental headbutt ,doctor says stop the fight.Garcia ,unable to continue ,therefor he should lose.Explain?????Posted January 20, 2013 6:36 am
Mick the Marmalizer
The only way forward for Garcia is unification, so I hope he's ringside for the Ponce De Leon/Velez fight & makes a noize to get a fight with the winner.Posted January 20, 2013 6:25 am
was maybe GGG worst showing so far gracia should be calling out gamboa and or bonner ….Posted January 20, 2013 5:02 am
Thoughts for night. Harold lederman I had the martinez-burgos fight 114-114 stfu. GGG…very very very very very unimpressedwith your performance. I mean a junior middleweight and that's the best u got?. Looked much better in his last outing. Mickey Garcia on the otherhand looking very prdomising.Posted January 20, 2013 4:24 am
gabi tried running rings around golovkin …Posted January 20, 2013 4:07 am
Martinez would run rings around Golovkin, but there's no money even in the win.Posted January 20, 2013 3:53 am
Anon, name the "top tier" fighters Golovkin has beaten?Posted January 20, 2013 3:49 am
Salido is not a good fighter. The only thing he had was Juanma's number. Like Taylor had Hopkin's number — but look how badly Taylor has done…. case closed. Salido is a nobody. In the rematch he will get smeared by Garcia.Posted January 20, 2013 3:45 am
Hehehe, can't help but laugh at people hating on Golovkin. How are you supposed to fight the top guys when the top guys aren't interested? Martinez' manager said outright that they wouldn't fight him. Pirog pulled out with injury. Sturm ducked him for two years. Geale chose to fight Mundine instead (who in turn had also ducked Golovkin back in 2010).
Don't get me wrong… by all means, I want to see the guy tested against a top opponent as much as anyone else. But until one of those "top guys" is willing to take a risk, it won't happen.Posted January 20, 2013 3:34 am
@thirldworld I suppose you though Salido was winning the fight too? The guy was down by ten points. Garcia's nose was clearly broken. Whine all you want, Salid was saved. Garcia was going to put Salid to sleep.Posted January 20, 2013 3:15 am
third world
thank you hhl,someone who pays attention.bullshi-ite stoppage for salido-garcia.tko broken nose for winner?1st time he said.salido had adjusted and was getting to mikey and they,the garcia's know it,and bob arum and his judging panel was once again on the take.goodnight folks.Posted January 20, 2013 3:07 am
The1, Here … let me educate you son! Go back through Golovkins last five and count how many losses they have collectively prior to fighting Golovkin! If you need more fingers, come back and give me a shout! I'll say it again. Golovkin hasn't fought anyone and looks great on paper, but even a blind man doesn't need it in braille to see he's ain't got much to offer.Posted January 20, 2013 2:57 am
Woop Woop
The hype train continues as GGG beats up on the small guys from the division below. Stop running from the real challenges GGG and pretending that all are scared. Until you man up you are a fabrication of HBO.Posted January 20, 2013 2:51 am
HHLondon, I don't know that any of that made sense to anyone. Golovkin has smashed everyone thus far. Nobody really wants to fight him.Posted January 20, 2013 2:40 am
Garcia's corner got him out of there. Dr's stopping a fight on a crooked nose?
they said kelly pavilk retirePosted January 20, 2013 2:33 am
HaHa! Golovkin isn't carrying the bucket that they collect and bottle Floyds NutSweat with, let alone gettin a payday Boxtra!
mikey garcia looked good tonight he did everything right except throw some body shots he need to work on that more even know it didn matter he still won but those body shots would of been a big plus thoPosted January 20, 2013 2:30 am
gennady is beatable but he always going to be dangerous cause he can punch and he accuurate i like his jab good hard jab i think daniel geale got a chance with gennady cause geale can box good and got good footwork and solid handspeed any of these guys can beat each other on any giving night u can tell andre ward wasn really impress with gennady hit wasn his best performance but he got the job done proably would of got him out early if he went to the body more on rosadoPosted January 20, 2013 2:26 am
The El Paso Fight Prophet
Surprised Nobody had faith In Mikey, I knew the Boy was Good. In fact I called it here and before the fight while everyone was quiet, Go Mikey.Posted January 20, 2013 1:42 am
terror tim
Not the ending you want but still a good showing Garcia.Posted January 20, 2013 1:27 am
unfortunate stoppage.Posted January 20, 2013 1:22 am
breaking out the score cards …Posted January 20, 2013 1:21 am
there stopping the fight cuz salido busted garicas nose with his head ….Posted January 20, 2013 1:20 am
is Garcia getting tired??? hands dropping… but he has that pop… let's see.Posted January 20, 2013 1:20 am
salido is getting dirty in there …Posted January 20, 2013 1:17 am
Garcia better pick his hands up………..Posted January 20, 2013 1:09 am
Orlando can't see that follow up right hand… he drops his hands every time off the push in jab.Posted January 20, 2013 1:03 am
wow garcia is putting a beating on salido better than gamboa did …Posted January 20, 2013 1:02 am
terror tim
Garcia is showing what kind of fighter he is right away in this one. Kid is good.Posted January 20, 2013 12:51 am
Mickey is looking P4P worthy…Posted January 20, 2013 12:50 am
H.C.R. Megalodon
I didn't get to see the fight because I'm in Iraq, but props to Rosado for sticking in there! I hope he gets a 154 title shot anyways soon!Posted January 20, 2013 12:47 am
Rosado didn't even win a round. Golovkin had better learn how to go to the body or he will NEVER have a chance vs. MayweatherPosted January 20, 2013 12:44 am
HBO so biased they only talked about burgos they just dont like rocky cuz his style isnt clean and doesnt have that backing a puerto rican with mexican heart rosado did good ggg showed flaws n against sergio he gets stopped.Posted January 20, 2013 12:42 am
That wasn't Golovkin at his best and he knew it. He wanted to KO Rosado but just couldn't get it and in the end beat the heck out of him.Posted January 20, 2013 12:36 am
Golovkin WINS by stoppage just as I FORESAW!! I have the GREATEST Foresight on ESB!!Posted January 20, 2013 12:36 am
gabe fought a great fight HE RAN a marathon in there made GGG look beatable …Posted January 20, 2013 12:35 am
Rosado took one hell of a savage beating. A beating like that can lower a fighters punch resistance in future fights.Posted January 20, 2013 12:35 am
terror tim
Both good fights tonight so far. Rosado showed a ton of heart and I would watch him fight again. GG is a pretty good fighter. Not without his flaws but I think he can give anyone at middleweight all they can handle. His jab is sneaky quick and finds a home for his right. Decent with his gloves on defense but as said below doesn't have the greatest head movement.Posted January 20, 2013 12:33 am
Rosado really lasted longer then I thought he would but damn He just wanted to get beat!Posted January 20, 2013 12:31 am
H.C.R. Megalodon
Rosado came to fight! Go, Rosado!Posted January 20, 2013 12:20 am
GG doesn't move his head in the middle at all……. no offense GG fans.Posted January 20, 2013 12:16 am
GG doesn't like when Rosado stops and stands in the middle…. it's interesting… I think Rosado should consider going to the body.Posted January 20, 2013 12:13 am
GG's eye is busting upPosted January 20, 2013 12:12 am
Can't believe that guys mom went to that boutPosted January 20, 2013 12:12 am
Gennady's power is real… He's not getting to unload or anything but he's busted this guy up pretty badly already after two rounds… you can see Gennady's power.Posted January 20, 2013 12:08 am
Gennady's shirt had an American and Méxican glove holding the boxing world, and a patch saying "R.I.P ES" nice onePosted January 20, 2013 12:00 am
A draw, now they're all upset and talking badly about the judges, lol. Like I wrote, the fight was closer than let on. Burgos could have won by 2 points… but that 117-111.. I didn't see it. I had Martínez winning about 4 rounds straight early… and maybe one or two later. Sorry guys.Posted January 19, 2013 11:52 pm
Draw… and now they're p and talking crap about the judges. It was closer than they were acting, he won about 4 rounds straight early… I think Burgos could have won by 2 points. that 117-111 stuff, I didn't see.Posted January 19, 2013 11:50 pm
Burgos doesn't have the power…. he didn't need to be a power puncher… but he needed to have more power… but this is closer than they seem to think. I'm betting the scorecard of Ledderman is about 3 or 4 rounds off in favor or Martínez.Posted January 19, 2013 11:41 pm
Uy…. I've never been so round about a bout… guess I was being bias… well… those body shots were good, I still had Martínez winning more rounds than they were giving him.Posted January 19, 2013 11:39 pm
I could give that round to Martínez also…. he's more active and is landing alot of clean shots….. come on Martínez.Posted January 19, 2013 11:25 pm
now they want to start jumping on the bandwagon, sorry Ward, you're late buddy… stick to boxing… lol. That's 3 straight for Martínez… and Burgos is fading.Posted January 19, 2013 11:21 pm
Ward is an ok commentator but he can't see what I see…. I gave round 4 and 5 to Martínez… and Burgos is getting tired. I see the Méxican Burgos fading soon, more and morePosted January 19, 2013 11:16 pm
I don't know what these guys are talking about… this Martínez guy from PR seems to be getting the best of Burgos IMO…. I can see Burgos getting hurt badly soon.Posted January 19, 2013 11:07 pm
The El Paso Fight Prophet
Its time to put it on the line, Who will win The Main Event, I'm Riding With Mikey against all Odds.Posted January 19, 2013 9:58 pm
The El Paso Fight Prophet
What upPosted January 19, 2013 9:57 pm


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July 2, 2011
"The A-Z of McDonald's" is the fast food giant's latest spot for the United Kingdom market. The Leo Burnett agency devised a whimsical commercial that uses each letter of the alphabet to illustrate a different facet of McDonald's. C, for example, represents the used cooking oil that McDonald's recycles into biodiesel, while E is for the free-range eggs the company uses.
While McDonald's isn't globally known as a paragon of healthy, sustainable eating, "The A-Z of McDonald's" certainly puts a positive spin on corporate practices at the Golden Arches. See the ad below:
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text: The Thugra Khotan wiki last edited by Dragonborn_CT on 11/18/13 08:10AM View full history A Stygian sorceror who reigned in Kuthchemes three thousand years earlier, but the city was sacked by "gray-eyed, tawny-haired barbarians in wolfskins and scale-mail", who would eventually found the kingdom of Koth further north. However, Khotan swallowed "a strange terrible poison", after which he was locked into a tomb by his masked priests, who died in its defence. The barbarians could not break in, so they destroyed the rest of the city and rode off. He is awakened many centuries later by the thief Shevatas, who is slain by Khotan, and prepares to unleash his wrath over the barbarians' descendants.


text:
Real, honest-to-goodness holograms are a thing now
If you're retiring soon, take these steps now
Join the NASDAQ Community today and get free, instant access to portfolios, stock ratings, real-time alerts, and more!
It's good to receive higher dividends from a company, and it's
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tends to raise its dividend after every couple of quarters or so.
In April, the company jacked up its quarterly dividend by 40% to
56 cents a share.
Oneok is the general partner ofOneok Partners (
), a limited partnership that gathers and processes natural gas.
Oneok has a 41% stake in Oneok Partners. The funds to pay
dividends are expected to come from projects from Oneok
Oneok's quarterly dividend has shot up 70% from levels in late
2012. The company is expecting more dividend increases. Oneok has
said it expects average annual dividend hikes of 20% to 25%
between 2013 and 2016.
Over the past five years, Oneok's dividend has grown at an
average annual rate of 16%. It's among the steadiest dividend
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Both the city manager and a downtown developer say a local man is jumping the gun with his complaint that "No trespassing" signs block promised public access to shorelines.
Willie McCarty lambasted commissioners at their meeting Monday for denying residents passage to northern and eastern shorelines in the Paper District. The areas, located near the site of the proposed transient marina, have been closed for construction.
McCarty said he noticed the signs when he tried to go fishing. He said he did not notice them prior to the start of summer.
"Here's another lie the city has made to us," he said Tuesday. "We should have access to the waterfront."
McCarty noted there is no public access to the waterfront behind any downtown buildings. He said when the trespassing warnings appeared, "we thought the property owners were going to take the rights away from the fishermen."
City Manager Matt Kline said the city isn't breaking a promise, just protecting people from a dangerous construction site.
"The accusation, 'You promised us it's going to be public,' is unfounded, because it's not finished," Kline said.
Mike Sharp, a spokesman for Mid-States Development in Columbus, said the "No Trespassing" signs have probably been in place since the Chesapeake Lofts project began. He said they were state-mandated and will remain posted until the shoreline project is complete.
"When it's finished, that will all be public sidewalk," he said. "The promise hasn't been broken. It's just not finished."
Sharp said the ground along the shoreline was reinforced to prevent erosion, and it needs time to settle before concrete can be poured. He said the timeline for that process remains open.
McCarty said if that's the case, the city should make it known to an uninformed public.
"Instead of putting up a 'No trespassing' sign, why not put up a 'Temporarily no trespassing' sign," he said. "They're not keeping the pubic up-to-date because I think they really don't know what's going on. They're playing it by ear. Keep us informed what's going on, and we'll have a little better rapport with the city."
If residents don't keep policing city officials, they're going to take away more locations meant for public access, McCarty said.
"I'm not afraid to stand up there and tell them, 'I'm watching you,'" he said.


text: MILITARY DEPLOYMENT: Clutching her doll, Anna Belle Carr, 20 months, leans her head against her dad's face as his family gathers outside the Oklahoma City Arena after the 45th Infantry Brigade Combat Team Deployment Ceremony in downtown Oklahoma City, Wednesday, Feb. 16, 2011. Capt. Donald Carr, of Blanchard, will be leaving on his sixth deployment. Photo by Jim Beckel, The Oklahoman


text:
A database system comprises a novel process for the organization, storage and retrieval of amorphous or ordered data. The data is organized into data threads, each thread comprising an address code which characterizes and describes the data, and the data body. The address code is organized in a hierarchy having a syntax and morphology similar to the structure of human languages. The language, called REMDL, contains nouns, verbs, relational modifiers, operators, punctuation, and literal strings. The nouns, which signify events, are modified, by means of relational modifier, to form noun declensions, while the verbs, which signify actions, when modified, form verb conjugations. REMDL further contains rules for the time-relationship between events by means of derivatives. By use of this language, data may be quickly and efficiently stored and may be retrieved with a high level of flexibility.
1. A computer-implemented process for database organization, storage and retrieval comprising:
a) organizing the database data into data threads wherein, for each data thread:
i) the data thread comprises an address code and a data body;
ii) the address code characterizes the data in the data body;
iii) the address code comprises a multiplicity of code terms; and
b) inputting additional data by mechanical scanning means and organizing said additional data into data threads;
c) appending said additional data to the existing database;
d) retrieving data from the database by comparing one or more queries in the form of query codes with the address code of each of the data threads in the data base;
e) producing a hit for each data thread whose address code contains the query code;
f) displaying the data threads corresponding to each hit;
g) providing a data dictionary in the form of a Bible, wherein the Bible contains a multiplicity of entries, each entry comprising:
i) a description of the entry;
ii) a query code for the entry; and
iii) an address code for the entry;
h) constructing queries satisfying the description in accordance with the query codes in the Bible;
i) constructing address codes satisfying the description for each data thread in accordance with the address codes in the Bible;
j) creating a new data thread corresponding to the new piece of data, the new data thread comprising an address code and a data body;
k) converting the scanned data into computer-readable text;
l) searching the text for key words contained in the Bible, and retrieving a new address code when the search produces a hit;
m) appending the new query code to the address code of the new data thread;
n) repeating the above steps until the text has been completely searched; and
o) appending the new data thread to the existing database, and
wherein the code terms form a meta-language, comprising nouns representing events and objects and verbs representing actions, the nouns comprise root terms and one or more root modifiers which, together with the root terms, form noun declensions, and the verbs comprise root terms and one or more root modifiers which, together with the root terms, form verb conjugations.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the code terms in the address codes further comprise derivatives which signify that the sequence of other code terms in the address code is significant.
3. The process of claim 2, further comprising, for each query code, comparing the query code with the query codes of the Bible, producing error reports therefrom.
4. The process of claim 3, wherein the data body of each thread comprises a multiplicity of segments, each segment beginning with a body tag which serves as a heading to describe the segment.
5. The process of claim 4, further comprising adding new entries to the Bible to accommodate additions to the meta-language.
6. A computer-implemented process for database organization, storage and retrieval comprising:
a) organizing the database data into data threads wherein, for each data thread;
i) the data thread comprises an address code and a data body;
ii) the address code characterizes the data in the data body;
iii) the address code comprises a multiplicity of code terms; and
b) inputting additional data by organizing said additional data into data threads and appending said additional data to the existing database;
c) retrieving data from the database by comparing one or more queries in the form of query codes with the address code of each of the data threads in the data base;
d) producing a hit for each data thread whose address code contains the query code; and
e) displaying the data threads corresponding to each hit, and
wherein the terms of the address code are organized in the form of a meta-language comprising nouns representing events and objects and verbs representing actions.
7. The process of claim 6, wherein the nouns comprise root terms and one or more root modifiers which, together with the root terms, form noun declensions.
8. The process of claim 7, wherein the verbs comprise root terms and one or more root modifiers which, together with the root terms, form verb conjugations.
9. The process of claim 8, wherein the code terms in the address codes further comprise derivatives which signify that the sequence of other code terms in the address code is significant.
10. The process of claim 9 wherein the code terms in the address codes further comprise extension codes, operators, punctuation and literal strings.
11. A computer-implemented process for database organization, storage and retrieval comprising:
a) organizing the database data into data threads wherein, for each data thread;
i) the data thread comprises an address code and a data body;
ii) the address code characterizes the data in the data body;
iii) the address code comprises a multiplicity of code terms; and
b) inputting additional data by organizing said additional data into data threads;
c) appending said additional data to the existing database;
d) retrieving data from the database by comparing one or more queries in the form of query codes with the address code of each of the data threads in the data base;
e) producing a hit for each data thread whose address code contains the query code;
f) displaying the data threads corresponding to each hit;
g) providing a data dictionary in the form of a Bible, wherein the Bible contains a multiplicity of entries, each entry comprising:
i) a description of the entry;
ii) a query code for the entry; and
iii) an address code for the entry;
h) constructing queries satisfying the description in accordance with the query codes in the Bible; and
i) constructing address codes satisfying the description for each data thread in accordance with the address codes in the Bible;
wherein the terms of the address code are organized in the form of a meta-language comprising nouns representing events and objects and verbs representing actions.
12. The process of claim 11, wherein the nouns comprise root terms and one or more root modifiers which, together with the root terms, form noun declensions.
13. The process of claim 12, wherein the verbs comprise root terms and one or more root modifiers which, together with the root terms, form verb conjugations.
14. The process of claim 13, wherein the code terms in the address codes further comprise derivatives which signify that the sequence of other code terms in the address code is significant.
15. The process of claim 14 wherein the code terms in the address codes further comprise extension codes, operators, punctuation and literal strings.
Appendix A through G attached hereto contains a computer listing on microfiche media, consisting of 2 original fiches containing 100 frames.
The present invention relates to a computer-implemented database storage and retrieval system, and more particularly to such a system having a meta-language interface which mimics the structure of human languages.
We live in the information age. Information is essential for the management of most business ventures, especially in domains such as media and marketing. Information is nearly worthless, however, unless it is organized in a way which allows for simple and rapid retrieval of the desired portions of this information. Data organized in a computer in ways amenable to rapid and comprehensive retrieval is generally referred to as a "database".
Software engineers have been working on the problem of database organization for over four decades. In general, attempts to organize database information have met with serious obstacles in retrieval.
A frequently expressed problem is that the data is not stored in a way that suits the user's needs. Furthermore, most database systems are written in a way that requires a computer software specialist to manages. This specialist deals with retrieval of data by configuring a user's request or "query" in a way to retrieve exactly what the user is looking for. After the data is retrieved, it must be then formatted into a report appropriate for the end user.
One currently popular organization of data is called the "relational database". An "entity-relationship" model is often used, characterizing all elements of a system as either an entity (e.g., a person, place, or thing) or a relationship between entities. Both entities and relationships are represented within the same "table", which forms the basic structure of the database. Thus, in this organization, the database consists of a collection of such tables.
The table may be represented in a two-dimensional form, as rows and columns. Such a form lends itself nicely to display and manipulation on the modem computer system, since computer users are used to dealing with such arrangements in the form of "spread sheets".
As an example, consider a model which is used to manage a parts ordering system. The "entities" in such a system would include both parts and orders. One table may be constructed to show parts, and a second to show orders. A third table may then be generated to show the "relationship" between the parts and the orders.
Such a database model is appropriate for situations in which the data is easily categorized into a small, finite number of categories: parts, orders, prices, dates, etc.
However, other databases contain masses of amorphous material which is difficult to categorize in neat, well-defined units. Such data may be consist of newspaper or magazine stories, memoranda, and the like. Indeed, much of the data in an "amorphous" database may fit equally well in any number of different categories. Consider, for example, a newspaper story concerning a merger between two communications companies. This story will contain a mass of data, including, perhaps, the name of the company executives, the products made by the companies, financial data of the companies, regulations and political policies affecting the companies, etc. Such an amorphous mass of data cannot be easily categorized into neat headings, such as "orders" and "prices".
One approach which has been used to such masses of data is the use of "keywords". Such keywords must be either assigned to the data as it is being entered, or else all the data in the database may be considered "keywords". In the former case, the data must be preprocessed either by human intervention, or by electronic screening of the data. In the latter case, the data processing time during retrieval can be prohibitively long.
In either case, however, the "keyword" approach has a major disadvantage. First of all, the person retrieving the data using the keyword approach must be very clever and experienced to find the data he is looking for. But, more importantly, the keyword approach will not work when attempting to retrieve data by broad categories. Rather, the "keyword" approach requires a rigid adherence to the exact word or phrase appearing in the data.
To recapitulate, the desired result is to produce an organization and retrieval system whereby:
(1) training and expertise in retrieval is kept to a minimum; and
(2) the organization of the database lends itself to the management of amorphous data.
Approaches to the first part of this problem include attempts to use a natural language interface to perform queries. This approach was discussed in an article entitled Natural Language Interfaces: Benefits. Requirements, State of the Art and Applications, by John L. Manferdelli, A. I. East, October, 1987. This article describes a system in which an English sentence is parsed into its grammatical parts, then translated into a "representation language". This representation language proved to be complex, and not easily understandable. Furthermore, customization to specific applications appeared to be difficult and time consuming.
Other approaches to the natural-language query system include "McELI", a program disclosed in Inside Computer Understanding, Schank and Riesbeck, Erlbaum Press, 1981, LIFER: A Natural Language Interface Facility, by Gary G. Hendrix, SIGART Newsletter. Issue 61, 1977, pp. 25-26.
None of these approaches has proven successful.
The present invention solves these problems by organizing the data into data threads, each thread consisting of the amorphous data plus an appending address code phrase at the beginning of each data thread to assist in retrieving the data thread.
The address code phrase characterizes the data to follow in a hierarchical manner, starting with the most general characteristic of the data, and descending to the most particular characteristic. The hierarchy chosen mimics a human language, organizing the code into nouns, verbs, and other grammatical types., wherein the nouns and verbs may have modified forms in order to characterize the data with greater specificity. This "meta language" is called REMDL.
In addition to the data threads, the invention comprises a data dictionary, called the "Bible", which contains all the allowable terms in the REMDL language. The Bible also contains the grammatical rules governing the REMDL language.
The REMDL language uses basic root words consisting of two hexadecimal characters each. These may be modified using two-character modifiers, into modified combined forms. Combinations include noun declension forms, and conjugated verb forms. The noun forms generally signify events or objects, while verb forms generally indicate activities.
REMDL nouns include such items as:
Emergence of New Phenomena (an event)
New Correlation in the Market Place (an event)
High speed modem (an object)
Activities, as represented by verbs, include such items as USAGE, which is represented in REMDL by the term "DC". Usage is a broad domain verb phraseology which may comprise such items as:
consumer usage of media=(i.e. consumers use media)
technology usage of cross platforms=(i.e. technology uses cross platforms)
audience usage of content=(i.e. audiences use content)
The analogy of the verb nature of these conjugated terms may be more easily seen in the above examples using the construction on the right-hand side of the equal signs.
REMDL also contains punctuation, much of which is optional. This punctuation is generally for the purpose of making the address code more legible to the human reader. This optional punctuation is ignored by the parser.
Special operators are used to express special relationships between the words in the REMDL sentences. And special word types are included for exceptional cases falling outside the normal rules of grammar.
Like all languages, the rules of grammar and vocabulary are incorporated into the language. In the present invention, this is done by means of the "Bible".
The use of address codes written within the syntax rules of the REMDL language allows the user to query a database with as much or little specificity as desired. At the same tine, it does not require that the body of the data itself be organized into any particular form; it may, indeed, be amorphous.
Finally, the use of this system allows data to be scanned into the database, with much of the address codes being automatically generated by the scanning process. In addition to the address codes, the scanning process also produces query codes corresponding to each address code. The query code represents the most concise query syntax possible for the corresponding address code.
The address code and query code are both referred to as "code phrases", and both follow the same rules of syntax in their construction.
The data base system incorporating all of the features recited hereinabove is referred to as "Compass", and is the subject of the present invention.
A general object of the current invention is to provide a computer-implemented process for database storage and retrieval. A specific object is to provide such a system which is oriented to the organization of amorphous data. A further specific object is to provide such a system which allows for the rapid and efficient querying and retrieval of data from the data base. Another specific object is to provide a method for comprehensive and flexible querying of the data base.
According to one aspect of the invention, a database is organized into data threads wherein each data thread comprises an address code and a data body. The address code characterizes the data in the data body and comprises a multiplicity of code terms organized in a hierarchical form. Retrieval of data is accomplished by querying with a query code made up of terms which appear in the address codes.
According to another aspect of the invention a data dictionary is provided which contains all the allowable terms appearing in the address codes. The terms of the queries are compared to the terms of the dictionary to provide error checking and to facilitate the search.
According to yet another aspect of the invention new data is entered into the database by means of mechanically scanning and converting the scanned data into computer-readable text, then creating a new data thread corresponding to the new data. The new data is automatically searched for key words contained in the dictionary, and when the search produces a "hit" the new query code is appended to the address code of the new data thread.
According to still another aspect of the invention the hierarchy of the address code comprises noun, verbs, representing events and actions. The nouns comprise root terms and one or more root modifiers which form complex extended noun forms called declensions. In a similar manner, the verbs comprise root terms and one or more root modifiers which form complex verb forms called conjugations.
According to a final aspect of the invention a syntax is provided for signifying that the order of the terms in the address codes are significant.
These, and further features of the invention, may be better understood with reference to the accompanying specification and drawings depicting the preferred embodiment, in which:
FIG. 1 depicts a sample tree-structured hierarchy.
FIG. 2 depicts an actual data thread from a Compass data base.
FIG. 3 depicts an actual address code from a Compass database, with annotations.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing how the Compass database is queried.
FIG. 5 depicts the organization of the Compass query system.
FIG. 6 depicts the organization of the automatic scanning of data into the Compass system.
Before discussing the details of the preferred embodiment, a simple example of a hierarchical structure is described. This example hierarchy is not the actual one chosen for use in the present invention, but is used for illustrative purposes.
Consider a data-base entry which contains a volume of textual information which relates to "Siamese cats" "Siamese cats" can be considered as belonging to a hierarchy, as shown in FIG. 1. "Siamese Cats" 8 belongs to the more general group "cats" 6, which may contain, in addition to "Siamese cats", "Burmese cats", "Persian cats" 10, "Alley cats" 12, etc. "Cats", in turn, belongs to the group "mamnmals" 4, which may contain, in addition to "cats", "dogs" 14, "rats" 16, etc. The position of "Siamese cats" in a hierarchy of this kind may be visualized by the tree-shaped structure shown in FIG. 1.
In FIG. 1 the term "animals" 2 is called the "root" of the tree, while the other terms occupy the branches of the tree. The root is considered the "highest" level of the tree, and one "descends" from the root down the branches. Thus, in FIG. 1 "animal" stands at the highest level of the hierarchy, which is also the broadest level, including, as it does, all of the lower levels of the hierarchy. That is to say, everything which exists in this hierarchy is an animal.
Suppose that we are seeking to organize amorphous data containing information about Siamese Cats to the data base using the system disclosed by the invention. To the front of the textual information relating to Siamese cats, we may append an address code phrase as follows:
{start phrase code} Animals! Mammals! Cats! Siamese Cats!{end phrase code}
We can now define this entry as a "data thread", which comprises the following:
Start Data Thread Code
Address Code Phrase
Textual Data
End Data Thread Code
Now if we wish to query the data base which comprises entries like the above, we do so by comparing the entries in the address code phrase to the desired item. We can, for example, query the data base for mammals, and we will retrieve the above entry, as well as all other entries which contain the term "mammals" in the address code. On the other hand, we may query the data base using the term "Siamese cats", and we will retrieve the above entry, but no other entries except those that contain "Siamese cats" in the address code.
The process may be visualized by considering the tree of FIG. 1 as a group of data paths. We may consider a path starting at Siamese Cats 8 and ascending toward the root (Animals 2). All the data on that path relates to Siamese Cats. However, we may choose to enter the tree at different points along that path, depending upon what level of information we desire.
Now suppose that we wish to query the data base for "Siamese cats". A query code containing the expression "Siamese cats" will retrieve the thread desired. On the other hand, so will a query which contains the expression "Animals". Thus, the hierarchical address code allows us to query the database with as little or as much specificity as desired.
In order to give this concept more power and flexibility, the address-code scheme has been configured into a human-language-like structure, or Quasi-language, REMDL. Entries into the address code must be part of a group comprising the dictionary of allowable terms. The relation between these terms forms the grammatical structure of the language, and this grammar is governed by a finite set of grammatical rules, similar to the structure of a human language.
The REMDL language uses basic root words consisting of two hexadecimal characters each. These may be modified using two-character modifiers, into modified combined forms. Combinations include noun declension forms, and conjugated verb forms. The noun forms generally signify events, while verb forms generally indicate activities.
The noun declension and verb conjugation forms may be exemplifies by the
Animals! Mammals! Cats! Siamese Cats!
paradigm, discussed above. In the REMDL forms, a noun declension may be organized as
Noun root! noun modifier! second noun modifier!
Verb conjugations are similar, but signify that the data contains time-varying characteristics. Note that by characterizing data using both nouns and verbs it is possible to query the database for not only events, but for the time-varying characteristics of the events as well.
In the first preferred embodiment the data is organized into blocks of information called threads. An actual, typical thread is shown in FIG. 2.
Referring now to FIG. 2, the thread begins with a heading, in this case "Marketing Media Compass". Following the title is the start character, the symbol φ, and at the end is the end character, Ω. The start and end characters delineated the data thread, and everything between the start character and end character is processed during a query operation.
Following the start character is the title, in this case "BABY BELLS and Interactive Service Development".
Next is the address code. The left curly brace {acts as a start character for the address code, and the right curly brace} is an end character. Between the start and end characters is the address code itself.
Following the address code is the body of the data. In the preferred embodiment the body is separated into parts called Segments, and each Segment is prefaced by a Body Tag. These Body Tags are used to further qualify the data, and are in human-readable form. Each body tag begins a new line, is in capital letters, and is followed by =(an equal sign).
The address code is used to further characterize the data for use in later query operations. A sample of an actual address code is shown in FIG. 3.
The address code always begins with
it may run for more than one line, and end-of-line characters are ignored. The address code is in polar hexadecimal format, is organized into code fragments, and the order of the fragments is significant. The structure of the address codes, and the rules for its construction are intrinsic to the REMDL language.
REMDL fragments, or "terms" are generally two characters in length. REMDL code may contain punctuation to separate fragments. As in the English language, containing such punctuation as commas, periods, etc., REMDL punctuation contains little information, but is used to clarify or accentuate the existing information. Thus, an English sentence in which required commas are omitted can usually be understood, but often requires additional effort. Likewise, REMDL punctuation simply makes REMDL more easily readable by humans. However, in the machine processing of REMDL address codes the punctuation is ignored.
REMDL punctuation includes the following: square brackets and!, which are used in conjunction with extension codes; parentheses (and), which are used to delineate literal strings; and periods.
Fragments are of several types, namely:
relational modifiers
extension codes
literal strings
The nouns and verbs may be classified as REMDL words. When nouns are modified, they are said to be declined, similar to the way that the nouns in some languages, such as Greek and Latin, have different forms called declensions, dependent upon the part of the sentence in which the noun appears. For instance, a noun appearing as the subject of a sentence is said to be in the nominative case, and is spelled differently from the same noun appearing as the direct object of a verb, said to be in the accusative case. English contains some vestiges of this type of construction, but only in regards to pronouns: "I" appears in the subject of a sentence, while "we" is used in the object, whether direct or indirect.
In Greek, however, the nouns themselves decline into different cases, depending upon their location in the sentence. For instance:
μαθητηζ (student) singular nominative case
μαθητε (students) plural nominative
μαθητη (to the student) singular indirect object
μαθητoυζ (to the student) plural indirect object
In the above examples, the root of the word, which appear in every case, consists of the fragment
and the declensions are formed by adding the root fragment to the modifier:
Verbs also may be modified according to how they are used, similar to the construction of many modem languages derived from Latin. English retains a few instances of these conjugations. In the verb to be, for instance, the first person take the form "I am", while the third person takes the form "he is".
A better example can be found in Spanish, where the verb "to speak" conjugates in the following way:
______________________________________yo hablo I speaktu hablas you (familiar) speakel habla he speaksnosotros hablamos we speakvosotros hablais you (plural familiar) speakellos hablan they speak______________________________________
The word fragment "habl" can be considered the root verb, since this fragment appears in all of the conjugated forms of the verb. The remainder of the verb is the modifier. Thus "we speak" consists of:
hablamos=habl (root)+amos (modifier)
REMDL models its words in accordance with the above grammatical concepts of human languages, and REMDL nouns are said to decline when they are modified, as the verbs are said to conjugate. Modification of both nouns and verbs are done by the relational modifiers.
Thus the declined noun takes the form of a root term plus a relational noun modifier. Likewise, a conjugated verb takes the form of a root term plus a relational verb modifier.
In the REMDL language the nouns consist of events and objects, while verbs consist of actions. The same root term may be augmented with relational modifiers to become either a noun or a verb.
For example "TV" is represented by the root term 61. The modifier "home" is likewise represented by the term FD9BFD!. The further modifier DD, representing "site", is also written in modifier form DD.**.DD (where ** represents the combined noun term modified by DD. Thus
is a declined noun form representing home site-based TV. This noun is an object type, rather than an event.
As an example of a conjugated verb, the same root as above, 61, may be used. When modified by DC, presenting computer usage, the verb 61DC is formed, representing "Television Usage". Similarly, the conjugated verb 61EC represents "Customer Response to Television".
Considering the above examples, it can be seen that characterizing nouns and verbs with a higher degree of specificity provides more flexibility in retrieval of data. For instance, in the noun case above, a query specifying "home-site-based TV" would facilitate a narrow search than simply querying for "TV".
The hierarchy in this case contains TV at the highest level, followed by site, followed by home at the lowest level. Sites could also include, in addition to home, any of the following:
and so forth. The above items may be found by referring to the "Bible" of Microfiche Appendix A.
Derivatives are used to indicate that the order of terms in the code phrase is significant. Unless derivatives are present, the code phrase may be parsed in any order.
A derivative is denoted by the calculus symbol (y'), for first derivative, (y") for second derivative, etc. The term before the (y') comes before the term after the (y').
As an example, the address code
represents "a media combination event in which a pager is used first before a fax". (95 represents pagers, and 62AB46 represents a combination media event involving a fax". Similarly,
represents "a media combination event in which a pager is used first before a fax, which is used before a telephone". (54 represents "telephone").
Queries may thus be constructed which search for events in which a pager is used before a fax, which in turn is used before a telephone. Such a query would allow a more selective search than one which simply queried the database for data which contained the terms "pager", "fax", and "telephone".
Operators express relationships between two arguments, and are one of the following types:
______________________________________ & Join + Add ˜ Synergistic______________________________________
The JOIN operator creates a single noun entity from two separate nouns. The ADD operator, on the other hand, operates on noun events, and creates an aggregate noun event from two separate noun events. The SYNERGISTIC operator expresses a transposable, relatable, or synergistic relationship between the two arguments.
Extension codes are special expressions which do not fall in the other categories of the language. They have a special syntax, such as:
Where XX is the data within the extension code.
As an example of an actual address code as used in a data thread, refer again to FIG. 1. The address code for the data thread shown is
/x00800060 FDC7FD!CF(august 1995)&9950 FDBBFD!632D609335006200DE(bells)B1
which may be analyzed as follows:
______________________________________/x Start address code008000 Video Dial Tone, technology platform of Video delivery via telcos (specific)DA technology, with telcos and infrastructure will relate to all other telcos technologies and infrastructure technologies (relational)60 telecommunication platform relates data to all telcos platforms (relational & specific) FDC7FD! infrastructure, this data thread is about a core infrastructure issue (relational) infrastructure issues are the foundation drivers building the new marketplaceCF time(august 1 995) a date in literal format& conjunctive syntax99 time projection relates data to time driven change drivers (relational)50 statistical information that marks the telcos projected event of interactive services (specific)63 FCC event is involved in this infrastructure event (specific and relational to politic and culture)2D installed base. installed base of interactive telecommunications new services is the infrastructure, change driver data event (specific and relational)93 interactive, links the data event to all other interactive events and technologies35 new service (relational)006200 license, with FCC means an auctioned license eventDE cost of license and infrastructure projection to achieve installed base(bells) noun structure, the bells are the Baby Bells a Telecomm Industry Group,B1 industry______________________________________
A literal string is the commonly used term in computer languages, comprising an exact sequence of characters which are kept together intact. Although in many computer languages the literal string is bracketed by double quotation marks ("), in REMDL parentheses are used for this purpose. See, for instance, (bells) in the address code example of FIG. 2.
As seen by the foregoing, REMDL has a syntax and morphology, as in any other language. Unlike most human languages, however, the syntax is logically consistent, and does not contain the exceptions of the kind which arise in human languages as a result of excessive use. Consistency of the syntax is not absolutely necessary, but it reduces the processing significantly.
And like human languages, REMDL has a vocabulary which is fixed in the form of a dictionary of allowable terms. In addition to a description of each term, the dictionary indicates the hierarchy of the term for use in processing. For instance, in the non-REMDL example of "Siamese Cats" above, the dictionary would indicate the entire hierarchy:
Animals! Mammals! Cats! Siamese Cats!
so that the scanner, upon reading the term "Siamese Cats", could place the entire hierarchy in the address code phrase.
The REMDL dictionary is called the BIBLE. Consider now as an actual REMDL example the address code
This code is parsed as follows:
______________________________________68 print1C book2B comic bookD4 hardcover comic bookAC attribute structure in code phrase-- no meaning, punctuationAB media43 traditionalAC attribute, two attribute structures in code phrase______________________________________
Thus the meaning of this REMDL phrase is "traditional print media in the theme of comic book manifested in hardcover". In analyzing this phrase, note that "print" occupies the highest order in the hierarchy, that "book", the next lowest term, is a type of "print", that "comic book" is a type of "book", etc. Note further that "traditional media" is a further attribute of the phrase, which may be seen in its totality as a noun form.
In the REMDL example, assume that the system were used to scan in a magazine article, and that in the scanning process the term "comic book" was encountered. The processing in this case would determine, from the REMDL BIBLE, that "comic book" belonged to the hierarchy
and could then insert the entire hierarchy into the address code of the data thread being created.
A portion of the current Compass Bible appears in the Microfiche Appendix. Referring to Microfiche Appendix A, it is seen that the Bible comprises four columns of information corresponding to each Bible entry.
The first column, labeled "Attribute Entry", is an English-language description of the entry. The "level" column indicated the number of the hierarchical level of the entry. The "Query Code" contains the most concise REMDL code phrase which may be used to retrieve this item from a data thread. And the "Address Code" is the fully expanded REMDL description of the entry, indicating the most verbose description of the data entry possible.
Referring back to the example of the address code
discussed above, this code appears in Microfiche Appendix A as line 265. Referring to line 265, column 1 contains the description of the entry, which in this case is "Book, Comic Book Format, Hardcover Print." Column 2 indicates that this entry occupies the highest level of the hierarchy, level 1. Note, however, that this entry is a noun declension, which itself is a hierarchical form. Column 3 of line 265 is the query code, in this case /xD42B. This query code is the most concise query which may be used to retrieve the entry of line 265 when it appears in an address code, although more verbose forms may always be used.
Note that column 1 of the Bible of Microfiche Appendix A uses Tabs to indicate hierarchical level of the entry. For instance, line 5 contains ABC Sports, a level 1 entry. Line 20, "ABC Prime Time" is a level 2 entry, which is a "branch" of line 5, and is preceded by a single Tab. Line 21 is a branch of line 20, and therefore a level 3 entry, and preceded by a double Tab. And so on.
Construction of the Bible is generally a manual process. As new data is added to the database it will be necessary from time to time to upgrade the Bible to include new terms appearing in new data. Updating the Bible will be seen to be analogous to updating the dictionary of a human language to accommodate a changing vocabulary and new usages of words.
Part of the database organization in accordance with the present invention provides body tags in the body of the data. These Body Tags are used to provide additional organization to the otherwise amorphous data in the data body. In the example depicted as FIG. 2, for instance, the body tags include
These body tags may be thought of as titles, or headings of various sections of the body. They are currently inserted manually by a programmer or operator familiar with the subject matter of the data, and may or may not conform to a fixed set of possible body tags.
Data is accessed from the data base by means of a query. The query defines what data the user desires to locate with varying degrees of specificity. In its simplest form the user may simply request exact "hits" on all data which contain a term in its exact level in the hierarchy. In the non REMDL "Siamese Cat" example, the user might interrogate the database to find all data threads referring to "Siamese Cats". Or he may interrogate the database to find all data threads containing "Mammals".
The form of the query is called a "query code", and the format of the query code is similar to that of the address code, and follows the same rules of construction. It must begin with the same "start characters",
and follows all the other rules of the REMDL syntax as well. The REMDL minimum description of a particular data item is found in the Bible, as exemplified in FIG. 7. Note, however, that a data query may request data containing a number of different query codes. Such complex queries are in the form of intersections, or "AND" functions. That is, a complex query containing query code 1 and query code 2 searches for data threads which contain both the query code 1 AND query code 2. Data threads containing only query code 1 or query code 2 alone will not be retrieved by such a complex query.
There is no theoretical limitation to the number of disparate query codes which may be contained within a single complex query.
FIG. 5 shows the query process. The data query 50 is constructed and input into the system. The data retrieval process 52 interfaces between the bible 64 and the data threads 54-60. The notation "Data thread n" 60 indicates the last of an indefinite number of data threads in the data base. The data query is first compared to the entries in the bible to retrieve appropriate query entry. If required, the query may be augmented by the bible entry to produce the desired level of detail of retrieval. Subsequently, the augmented query is then compared to the address code of each of the data threads in the data base. When the comparison between the augmented query string and the address codes result in "hits", the "hits" are then output in the form of the retrieved documents 62.
The use of REMDL language query codes allows the data base to be queried on one or more different levels. We may thus search the database for nouns in the form of either events or objects, or verbs indicating actions resulting from events. We may also search for events which take place is a specific order. And we may search for other data characteristics which may be as general or as specific as desired.
Because the current invention searches only the address code of each data thread, the search proceeds very rapidly and efficiently as compared to a key-word search through an entire data base, in accordance with several current systems.
The grammar for the query process (as well as additional related processes) of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is set forth in Microfiche Appendix B hereto. Also attached are Microfiche Appendices C, D, E, F, and G, which are program libraries referenced by the program of Microfiche Appendix B, and required for its execution. The notation of the grammar in these Microfiche Appendices are in a standard form well known to those skilled in the art, and will enable a skilled programmer to generate code.
The data base consists of a number of data threads appended together. These threads may be created by one of three methods: They may be created manually, automatically, or by a mixture of the two methods.
By manual input is implied that a programmer or operator inputs the body data in some form and then modifies the body to add the necessary additional data, including the address code and, if desired, the body tags.
The address code is created by referring to the REMDL dictionary. The programmer inputs the REMDL terms to whatever level of definition is appropriate for the data in question, following the rules REMDL rules of syntax.
Following input of the address code, the programmer may analyze the syntax of the address code by a program provided for this purpose, insuring that the address code is consistent with the REMDL language.
One of the benefits of the present invention is its ability to organize new data by means of automatically scanning and process of the new data. The process is shown in FIG. 6.
A mechanical scanner is used to convert the data into a graphic image, and some type of OCR (Optical Character Recognition) system converts this information into text for further processing. This combined operation is indicated in FIG. 6 as "Scan New Data" 70. Next, the entire text scanned is compared to the Bible 64 and text which appears in the Bible is retrieved in the form of query codes. These query codes are appended together to form a new address code which is then appended to the beginning of the scanned data, to form a New Data Thread 76 which is then appended to the existing data base. At the same time, the New Data Thread is output in the form of a Report 74, so that manual modification of the new data may take place.
Automatic Scanning of the data to update the data base may not produce exactly the results desired. Therefore, manual manipulation of the new data thread is often required. As a result, the invention provides means for manually modifying the new data thread in two ways:
(1) the address code may be modified; and
(2) body tags may be added to the body of the data to make the body data more easily readable by a human being.
A special editor is provided for this purpose. The editing of the data threads is not necessarily done at the time of data input, since continued operation of the system may disclose ways in which the database should be updated.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be apparent that improvements and modifications may be made within the purview of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention defined in the appended claims.
Patent Citations
Referenced by
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Use the Quarp Drive teleport to outsmart the evil Vokh in race-tuned space combat, then dock your ship, jump out and continue the fight on foot!
Velocity 2X is the visually dazzling action packed sequel to Velocity Ultra, featuring amazing puzzle-platforming action alongside award-winning shooter gameplay!
Purchasing this content entitles you to both the PS4™ and PS Vita versions!
Video output in Full HD 1080p requires 1080p native display.
Additional hardware required for Remote Play.
1 player
2GB minimum save size
Remote Play
1080p HD Video Output
Offline Play Enabled
This item is being licensed or sublicensed to you by Sony Computer Entertainment America and is subject to the Network Terms of Service and User Agreement, this item's use restrictions and other applicable terms located at www.us.playstation.com/support/useragreements. If you do not wish to accept all these terms, do not download this item. One-time license fee for play on purchasing account's designated, primary PS4™ system and other PS4 systems when signed in with purchasing account.
Velocity®2X © Copyright 2014 FuturLab™ Limited


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Rachel Solomon
- ASSISTANT PROFESSOR Medicine, General Internal Medicine
American Board of Internal Medicine
Clinical Focus
- Internal Medicine
MD, Yale School of Medicine
Residency, Internal Medicine
NYU Medical Center
Dr. Solomon practices primary care medicine at Internal Medicine Associate (IMA). She attended Yale School of Medicine and completed her residency and chief residency at NYU. Her interests include adolescent and women's health, systems of care delivery and access to care, as well as medical student and resident education.
Industry Relationships
Physicians and scientists on the faculty of the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai often interact with pharmaceutical, device and biotechnology companies to improve patient care, develop new therapies and achieve scientific breakthroughs. In order to promote an ethical and transparent environment for conducting research, providing clinical care and teaching, Mount Sinai requires that salaried faculty inform the School of their relationships with such companies.
Dr. Solomon did not report having any of the following types of financial relationships with industry during 2014 and/or 2015: consulting, scientific advisory board, industry-sponsored lectures, service on Board of Directors, participation on industry-sponsored committees, equity ownership valued at greater than 5% of a publicly traded company or any value in a privately held company. Please note that this information may differ from information posted on corporate sites due to timing or classification differences.
Mount Sinai's faculty policies relating to faculty collaboration with industry are posted on our website. Patients may wish to ask their physician about the activities they perform for companies.
Insurance Information
Mount Sinai Health System (MSHS) physicians - including those employed by MSHS - do not always participate in the same health plans in which MSHS hospitals or facilities participate.
Information regarding insurance participation and billing by this physician may be found on this page or obtained by contacting this provider directly.
Insurance plans that the Mount Sinai Health System hospitals or facilities participate in can be found on the Mount Sinai Health System website.
17 East 102 Street Floor 7th Floor
New York, NY 10029
Fax: 212-426-0255
Center for Advanced Medicine
17 East 102nd Street, 7th Floor
New York, NY 10029
- Friday 8:30am - 12:00pm
- Accepts MOST insurances
- Master Card
- Visa
- American Express
- Discover
- Personal Check
- Cash


text:
Article ID: 230726
This article was previously published under Q230726
On This Page
This Readme file contains updated information for the entire Microsoft Visual Studio suite of developer tools. If you downloaded a Core service pack from the Internet, not all sections of this file apply to the updates you received. The fixed issues appropriate for the Core downloads are those listed in the Visual Studio section plus the sections for the products updated by your Core download.
The Microsoft Visual Studio 6.0 Service Pack 3 Readme contains the following sections:
PART 1: Overview and Installation
PART 2: Visual Studio
PART 3: Visual Basic
PART 4: Visual C++
PART 5: Visual FoxPro
PART 6: Visual InterDev
PART 7: Visual J++
PART 8: Visual SourceSafe
PART 9: File Versions
For the latest product information, see the Visual Studio Web site at:
For the latest product updates, see the Visual Studio Support Highlights site at:
Please see the REFERENCES section below for more information about the other parts of this readme.
More information
Microsoft Visual Basic
Microsoft Agent 2.0Microsoft Agent, which shipped with Visual Studio 6.0 and Visual Basic 6.0, has a new release on the Internet. You can download Agent 2.0 royalty-free from the Microsoft Agent Web site
(http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-US/)where you will also find the updated Agent SDK, including documentation, HTML and code samples, and licensing information.
Installation InformationSetup updates files that are not versioned, such as text files and nonbinary files, based on the date of the file. If you have previously modified one of these files and the date/time stamp is more recent than the date/time stamp on the file included with Service Pack 3, Setup will not update the file. One likely file in this category is vb6dep.ini. For additional information, see Determining the update history of products based on file versions.
Controls IssuesThe following Controls issues have been fixed:
International Product IssuesThe following international product issues have been fixed:
Microsoft ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) DocumentationUpdated Microsoft ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) documentation is installed with Visual Studio 6 Service Pack 3. All users can gain access to the updated ADO 2.1 documentation (ado210.chm) from the Help folder in their Windows directory. Visual Basic users will be able to gain access to this documentation through context-sensitive (F1) Help if they have installed Microsoft Data Access Components 2.1 and created a reference to the Microsoft ActiveX Data Objects 2.1 library.
To create a reference to the ADO 2.1 library:
For important information about a known issue with ADO, see Access ODBC Keyset Cursor Becomes Corrupt After a Delete at:
Package and Deployment Wizard IssuesThe following Package and Deployment Wizard issues have been fixed:
Run-Time Error with COM DLLsThe following Microsoft Visual Basic issue has been fixed with Service Pack 1 and is included with Service Pack 3:
Miscellaneous Issues
Microsoft Knowledge Base Articles for Fixed BugsSome Microsoft Knowledge Base articles refer to and describe workarounds for bugs that were fixed in Visual Basic Service Pack 3. For a complete list of these articles, see:
For more information about the Visual Studio 6.0 SP3 readme, please see the following articles in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
(https://support.microsoft.com/kb/230722/EN-US/ )Visual Studio 6.0 SP3 Readme Part 1 - Overview and Installation
(https://support.microsoft.com/kb/230724/EN-US/ )Visual Studio 6.0 SP3 Readme Part 2 - Visual Studio
(https://support.microsoft.com/kb/230727/EN-US/ )Visual Studio 6.0 SP3 Readme Part 4 - Visual C++
(https://support.microsoft.com/kb/230729/EN-US/ )Visual Studio 6.0 SP3 Readme Part 5 - Visual FoxPro
(https://support.microsoft.com/kb/230730/EN-US/ )Visual Studio 6.0 SP3 Readme Part 6 - Visual InterDev
(https://support.microsoft.com/kb/230731/EN-US/ )Visual Studio 6.0 SP3 Readme Part 7 - Visual J++
(https://support.microsoft.com/kb/230732/EN-US/ )Visual Studio 6.0 SP3 Readme Part 8 - Visual SourceSafe
(https://support.microsoft.com/kb/230733/EN-US/ )Visual Studio 6.0 SP3 Readme Part 9 - File Versions
Article ID: 230726 - Last Review: October 26, 2012 - Revision: 2.0
Retired KB Content Disclaimer
This article was written about products for which Microsoft no longer offers support. Therefore, this article is offered "as is" and will no longer be updated.
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Quantity Available:
Stonegate Designs lighting is designed to last a lifetime and complement the personality of a room. Using quality materials, most lighting is manufactured in the United States.
The Astoria Floor Lamp is available with the following:
- Made-to-order drum-shaped, fabric shade
- Metal accents
Shade Color: Beige Linen, Eggshell Silk Pongee, White Linen, Black Charmuese, Ivory Charmuese, Celedon Charmuese, Narural Silk Pongee, Oatmeal Linen
Base Finish: Polished Nickel, Rubbed Bronze
Finish: Ebony, Walnut
- One 150 Watt 120 Volt Incandescent lamp (not included).
- Fixture: Height 64"
- Shade: Height 12.5", Diameter 20"
Need help with some of our terminology? Check out Lumens' Lighting & Design Glossary.
Related Items
150W 120V A21 E26 Frosted BulbBy SATCO Lighting$2.49(1){boxId:"compareuu518218", id:"uu518218"} See Comparison


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Foliage watch
Leaf tourists had better get moving. My unscientific observations, based on a weekend trip south of Buffalo, indicate that peak—at least around here—seems days, rather than weeks away. We were surrounded by red and gold during the drive down and back from Ellicottville, New York, which is ski central during the winter and foliage central […]Read related articles in: Real Gardens
Posted by Elizabeth Licata on September 29, 2014 at 8:24 am This post has 3 responses.


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Are there any tuts for for the D Former in the latest Daz. I would really like to learn how to use it?
I Am Not An Expert Because I Never Stop Being A Student And Continue To Learn.
It hasn't changed from DS3, except that in DS4 the geoemtry belong to the root node (Genesis) and so you need to have that selected when creating the DForm, or add it to the DForm's list of nodes by selecting it and then in the DForm pane clicking Add Nodes and selecting the DForm(s) from the list - you might want to do this as the field is scaled to include the selected node when the DForm is created, so picking abone can start it off in the right place and at the right size.
DAZ Studio Frequently Asked Questions
Index of free DAZ Studio scripts and plugins list
Ok great. I found a video for the 4.0 version and it's being used on Genesis. I will post your information to wordpad to go with the video. Thank you Richard.


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As we celebrate another national birthday in our nation, there is a reason to praise God for His goodness to us. However, there is equal or perhaps even more reason to pause and cry out to God for revival considering how far America has strayed from Him.
The Voice of Christian America coming to the D.C. Area. Join the Movement!
SCOTUS issued its ruling on same-sex marriage this morning, voting to redefine marriage and strip states of their rights to define marriage as between one man and one woman.


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Samsung Will Stop Breaking Windows Update With Its Crappy Bloatware
Earlier this week we heard about Samsung's SW Update disabling Windows Update, leaving millions of PCs vulnerable. Thankfully Samsung has seen the light.
Earlier this week we heard about Samsung's SW Update disabling Windows Update, leaving millions of PCs vulnerable. Thankfully Samsung has seen the light.
The extra display can be used for all sorts of different things, and thanks to a clever app you can get one of them on your standard flat-screen Android device.
The Galaxy S6 Active takes Samsung's flagship smartphone and adds waterproofing, protection against drops, a larger battery and unique physical buttons. As the name suggests, it targets active people. Well, I'm active, so can it stand up to my abuse?
Did someone say security flaws?
5.94mm or about three or four credit cards or a Caramac thick.
New VR "experience" at Natural History Museum pairs Samsung Gear VR with CG worms from pre-history.
Samsung's nasty keyboard vulnerability will be getting fixed through an update. Be sure to have Automatic Updates activated in your security settings, and you'll be patched in a few days.
If you've opted for an ultra-thin laptop, you may have made some storage compromises, and now Samsung has squeezed 4TB into something suitable for travelling.
Reports suggest that Sammy employees have been whispering about the upgrade on a Chinese social media site.
Samsung's flagship gets waterproof chops and camo-colouring to channel your inner Bear Grylls.
You don't need the latest flagship to get a decent smartphone experience, but which budget smartphones are worth owning? To find out, we put seven of them to the test, to crown the best phone for under £100.
Unless you live in South Korea.
While this thing is pricey at £700, it is a joy to watch it go about its automated business.
Developer's kit for the upcoming Samsung wrist-computer details its smart bezel controller.
Thank you Samsung, for your ready-made headlines.
We already know that the next Gear will be the first circular face for Samsung, but a newly released SDK gives an even closer look at the watch's Tizen apps and a totally cool bezel that rotates.


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The Challenge of Reforming Mexico's Justice System
May 04, 2007 // 3:30pm — 5:00pm
Presentation by Mexican Supreme Court Justice José Ramón Cossío Díaz.Moderators: Andrew Selee, Director, Mexico Institute, Woodrow Wilson Center and Francisco Acuña, Managing Director, Manatt Jones Global Strategies
U.S.-Mexico Agricultural Cooperation: Challenges Within NAFTA
April 13, 2007 // 9:00am — 12:30pm
Featured speakers will include Alain de Janvry, Professor of Agricultural & Resource Economics at the University of California, Berkeley, Victor Suarez, President of the National Association of Rural Producers, Katherine Ozer, Executive Director of the National Farm Family Coalition, Kirsten Appendini, Professor at El Colegio de Mexico, and Steven Zanhiser of the US Dept of Agriculture
Urban Crime and Violence
March 21, 2007 // 9:00am — 12:00pm
Diane Davis, Professor of Political Sociology, Associate Dean, School ofArchitecture and Planning, MIT; Rubem Fernandes, Anthropologist and Director of Viva Rio; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Caroline Moser,Senior Fellow, Brookings Institution; Washington, DC.
Redefining America: Key Findings from the 2006 Latino National Survey
December 07, 2006 // 7:30am — 10:00am
New Powers and Regional Expectations
November 24, 2006 // 8:30am — 10:00am
Amalia García Medina, Governor of Zacatecas; Alejandro González Alcocer, Senator and ex-Governor of Baja Californa and Jose Negrete, Director of the the department of Public Adminstration at Colef will speak at this seminar in Tijuana, Mexico.
Report Launch: Comparing Mexican and U.S. Public Opinion on Foreign Policy
November 15, 2006 // 8:00am — 9:30am
This unique study, prepared by the Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas, the Mexican Council on Foreign Relations, and the Chicago Council on Global Affairs, measures Mexican and U.S. public opinion on key bilateral policy issues including security, migration, trade, energy, and agriculture. Study results will be presented by Professor Guadalupe González of CIDE and Luis Herrera-Lasso of Grupo Coppán. Ambassador Andrés Rozental of COMEXI and Dr. Roberto Pastor of American University will give commentary.
Judicial Reform in Chihuahua and the Case of Ciudad Juárez
October 24, 2006 // 1:30pm — 2:30pm
A discussion with Chihuahua Attorney General Patricia González Rodríguez
China: NAFTA's Fourth Partner
October 23, 2006 // 2:30pm — 4:30pm
Panelists at this event analyzed the growing presence of China in the North American market as well as the response of each of the NAFTA members to this competitive challenge.
Mexico: After the Election
September 27, 2006 // 6:30pm — 8:00pm
The Mexico Institute and the World Affairs Council of Dallas Fort Worth will host speakers Ambassador Jim Jones, Ambassador Andrés Rozental, John Authors, Roberto Newell and Roger Wallace in Dallas Fort Worth, Texas.
Whither Mexican Democracy? An Analysis of the 2006 Elections and the Way Forward
September 15, 2006 // 9:30am — 11:00am
The Mexico Institute, the Congressional Study Group on Mexico, and the Heinrich Boell Foundation will hold a roundtable discussion with Peter Ward, Professor at the University of Texas and C.B. Smith Centennial Chair in U.S.-Mexico Relations and Denise Dresser, Professor at ITAM and Columnist for Reforma Newspaper and Proceso Magazine to discuss the future of Mexican democracy.


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Sulphur US
Sulphur Prices, markets & analysis
For clear insight into regional Sulphur markets, you need in-depth price reports direct from those regions.
That's why ICIS maintains a network of locally based reporters, providing not just price assessments but market commentary and analysis.
Use ICIS information to:
- Follow fluctuations and understand factors driving them
- Input into your own internal analytical models
- Clarify settlements and contracts
- Inform negotiations
Sulphur Overview Transcript
Sulphur is an important raw material and has gained a lot of attention from commodity traders in recent years.
Our ICIS sulphur report is published weekly, and it provides market players accurate and timely information on the latest sulphur trades across the world.
Our quotes include the Free On Board or FOB prices out of two of the largest sulphur producing regions: Canada and the Middle East. On a weekly basis we also assess the cost and freight or CFR prices in major import markets including China, north Africa and the US.
Over 90% of sulphur is used for the production of sulphuric acid for fertilizer production and industrial uses. We follow closely the movement of these price drivers.
We also strive to deliver news on the upstream market to our subscribers by drawing upon our resources in London, Houston, Shanghai and Singapore
A tight-to-balanced sulphur market will bring price above historical terms and we expect prices to remain volatile in the coming years.
This weekly report is backed up by a solid methodology, and will provide our subscribers the necessary information needed for their business decisions.
Our products
Sulphur news and market information products from ICIS
We offer the following regional Sulphur coverage to keep you informed of factors and developments affecting prices in the US Sulphur marketplace.
Price reporting
Price Reporting – More information about the price reports we publish on Sulphur
Independent price assessments and market coverage
Price history
Price History – More information about the historical price data we publish on Gas
Track historical price data
Related products
Related products – You might also be interested in the information we publish on these related products
You may also find useful
News & analysis
News & Analysis - News & market analysis specifically relating to Sulphur
Breaking news of latest developments affecting the markets.
Insight and analysis of factors driving prices.
Regional overview
Regional overview
Updated to Q4 2014
The US sulphur market was balanced-to-long in the fourth quarter as prices decreased in line with international dynamics. The Tampa sulphur price settled at $129/long ton DEL (delivered), down by $7/long ton from Q3 but not the level of decrease that some participants expected.
The US Gulf spot sulphur price moved down $15/tonne over the quarter as pricing in Brazil caught up to international levels.
In Canada, the market has balanced with production issues keeping demand decreases from dragging the price down too far. Syncrude shipments have been low as the producer continues to deal with maintenance issues.
The Vancouver contract price for Q4 fell $20/tonne on waning international demand. Demand from Australia and South Africa was healthy, but spot sulphur shipments to China have stayed down.
The spot price has fallen to $140-145/tonne FOB but could turnaround as prices in China have started to recover.
Price reporting
Price reporting
ICIS provides pricing information, news and analysis for all major petrochemical and chemical markets, including Sulphur.
We offer unbiased and independent price reporting, with our price assessments being widely quoted as benchmarks in contracts.
Our information is collected from market participants by our global network of reporters, delivering unrivalled coverage of established and emerging markets, including China and Asia.
ICIS price assessments are based on information gathered from a wide cross section of the market, comprising consumers, producers, traders and distributors. Confirmed deals, verified by both buyer and seller, provide the foundation of our price assessments, giving you a robust reference for your negotiations.
Price history
Price history
ICIS collects pricing data on a wide range of chemical, energy and fertilizer products, including Sulphur. Our extensive experience in price reporting means we can offer you access to historical data dating back more than 20 years for certain commodities.
Our time series of pricing data enables you to build and model trends, to get a view of where markets might be heading. The data service includes charting functionality, allowing you to chart and download multiple data series for manipulation in your own internal models. You can also export data to Excel via the ICIS dashboard service.
ICIS price assessments are based on information gathered from a wide cross-section of the market, comprising consumers, producers, traders and distributors from more than 250 reporters world-wide. Confirmed deals, verified by both buyer and seller, provide the foundation of our price assessments.
Our in-depth market knowledge drives our specialist focus, as we recognise the importance of individual market dynamics and not a one-size-fits-all approach.
Over 25 years of reporting on key chemicals markets, including Sulphur, has brought global recognition of our methodology as being unbiased, authoritative and rigorous in preserving our editorial integrity. Our global network of reporters in Houston, London, Singapore, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Mumbai, Perth and Moscow ensures unrivalled coverage of established and emerging markets.


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Keith, Robert. The 0.38 Percent Across-the-Board Cut in FY2000 Appropriations. Washington D.C., USA. UNT Digital Library. http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1083/. Accessed July 5, 2015.
Note: Inconsistencies in capitalization and punctuation within the Digital Library may affect this citation. Before using this citation in formal writing, please consult your preferred style manual. More information.