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3 To: All SEVIS Users Date: May 5, 2011 Summary: , Algeria, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Egypt, Eritrea, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya Source: Capecchi,...
The monetary approach to the balance of payments: The case of the oil-based, small, open, developing economies of Libya, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia
SciTech Connect (OSTI)
This study explores the determinants of foreign reserves flow in light of the oil-based small open economies of Libya, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia. The period of study encompasses the major oil price increases of the 1970s and early 1980s, which had led to the huge transfers of foreign exchanges towards these, among other, developing economies. The framework of analysis is basically a monetary approach to the balance of payments. This study is of both a theoretical and empirical nature. It utilizes the monetary forces in the domestic money market to derive a basic balance of payments (BOP) equation that explains the monetary nature of the balance of payments. The study found that the data from those countries support the monetary relationships as hypothesized by the monetary approach, especially the negative one-to-one relation between domestic credit (DC) and the BOP. Results from the simultaneous estimations of the BOP and DC reported better estimates than the single-equation model. Findings from the reaction function indicated that the monetary authorities of these oil-based economies were actively sterilizing the effect of foreign reserve flows. Findings supported the integrated market hypothesis in Kuwait and Libya, but not in the Saudi case.
Buzakuk, M.R.
Thursday, February 9, 2012 ODU MODEL UN SOCIETY HOSTING 35TH ANNUAL HIGH SCHOOL
E-Print Network [OSTI]
and missions in Afghanistan, Botswana, the former Czechoslovakia, Egypt, Eritrea, Iraq, Italy, Kuwait, Libya
Lake Wauburg Countries
Honduras Iraq Israel Japan Korea Kuwait Libya Peru Saudi Arabia Taiwan Thailand Turkey Ukraine United
Pilyugin, Sergei S.
La Chua Trail Immunization
China Colombia Costa Rica Ecuador France Greece India Iraq Israel Japan Korea Kuwait Libya Qatar Russia
Mair, Bernard A.
Libya: World Oil Report 1991
This paper reports that Libya is moving forward with plans to sell most of its crude as refined products and should have the capacity to handle most of its production, about 1.3 million bpd, by the mid-90s. Production was increased after the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, and peak capacity could be over 1.5 million bopd. Exploration pace is still increasing but U.S. sanctions have taken their toll. Gas projects are advancing as officials push to develop and utilize more domestic gas reserves. Libya has commissioned a new gas processing plant in Sahl gas field in Sirte basin and plans are under way for development of Tahaddi field, Libya's largest gas field with 9 Tcf.
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Stumbling Toward Capitalism: The State, Global Production Networks, and the Unexpected Emergence of China's Independent Auto Industry
Brazil, Ecuador, Ghana, Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan,shares are concentrated in Kazakhstan, Sudan, Venezuela, andIraq, Kuwait, Libya and Kazakhstan (Jiang and Sinton 2011:
Chang, Crystal Whai-ku
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) Indexed Site
Emirates. c Includes Algeria, Angola (January 2007-present), Ecuador (1983-1992), Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and...
Emirates. b Includes Algeria, Angola (January 2007-present), Ecuador (1983-1992), Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and...
KHALED MATTAWA POEMS FOR LIBYA, AND A CONVERSATION MONDAY, APRIL 2, 2012 7:00 P.M. IN SAVERY 260, Libya. This event is co-sponsored by Creative Writing and the Dean of Arts & Sciences Near Eastern
Anderson, Richard
Libya HEU Removal | National Nuclear Security Administration
National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Kuwait: World Oil Report 1991
This paper reports that the major event in Kuwait today is the ongoing effort to control blowouts stemming from Iraqi demolition of oil wells and producing facilities last February. A total of 732 wells---about two- thirds of all wells in Kuwait---were blown up. All but 80 caught on fire.
Kuwait; The blowouts are history
This paper reports on the capping of oil well blowouts in Kuwait. It reports on how access to the wells was gained, the well kill methods used, and future work that must be done in order to restore productivity.
Water demand management in Kuwait
Kuwait is an arid country located in the Middle East, with limited access to water resources. Yet water demand per capita is much higher than in other countries in the world, estimated to be around 450 L/capita/day. There ...
Milutinovic, Milan, M. Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
PALEOZOIC TRACE FOSSILS FROM THE KUFRA BASIN, LIBYA BRIAN R. TURNER AND MICHAEL J. BENTONPaleozoicsuccessionin the southeastern part ofthe Kufra Basin, Libya, comprises a sequence of sedimentary facies up to 250 m thick THEK u m BASINin southeast Libya (Figure 1)occupiesan area of about 400,000km2and is filled
Benton, Michael
Summary of ICTP activities in support of science in Libya
Summary of ICTP activities in support of science in Libya June 19, 2013 0 ICTP Public Information Office #12;*For the period 1970-1982, 43 visitors came from Libya; the total number of visitors is 244 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 ICTP Visitors from Libya 1983-2012* Visitors
E-Print Network 3.0 - algeria libya morocco Sample Search Results
algeria libya morocco Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: algeria libya morocco Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Algeria Gambia Nigeria...
Estimated use of explosives in the mining industries of Algeria, Iran, Iraq, and Libya
This work was performed under Memorandum of Agreement B291534 Between the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and the United States Bureau of Mines. The Bureau of Mines authors are members of the Minerals Availability Field Office (MAFO) in Denver, CO, which uses an extensive network of information sources to develop and maintain the Minerals Availability database concerning mining and minerals properties worldwide. This study was initiated and directed by F. Heuze at LLNL. A previous study on the same subject had been commissioned by LLNL from the Mining Journal Research Services (MJRS) in London ,UK. Its results were integrated into this report. MJRS is shown as one of the numerous sources which were used for this work. All sources are listed in the report. This document is arranged in four sections, one for each country, in alphabetical order. Thie outline is the same for each country.
Wilburn, D.R.; Russell, J.A.; Bleiwas, D.I. [and others
How postcapping put Kuwait`s wells back onstream
In late february 1991, the retreating Iraqi army blew up, or otherwise caused to blowout, some 700 wells in Kuwait. Between March and November, all of the fires were extinguished and the wells were capped. Work began in July 1991 to recomplete the damaged wells with replaced or reworked tubulars and well heads so that production could be resumed. Except for some of the earlier-capped wells into which cement was pumped, thus requiring more extensive downhole work, many of the damaged wells, particularly in Burgan field, were put back into production mode by the procedure described here, which became known as postcapping. This paper describes the equipment and techniques used in postcapping damaged wellheads.
Wilson, D. [ABB Vetco Gray Inc., Houston, TX (United States)
Daylighting systems for the Kuwait National Museum
Daylight has a deteriorating effect on the museum objects. For this reason, usually museums totally block the daylight. This research is the part of restoration works of Kuwait National Museum (KNM), which was destroyed during the Gulf War in 1990...
Ahn, Byoungsoo
Kuwait poised for massive well kill effort
This paper reports that full scale efforts to extinguish Kuwait's oil well fires are to begin. The campaign to combat history's worst oil fires, originally expected to begin in mid-March, has been hamstrung by logistical problems, including delays in equipment deliveries caused by damage to Kuwait's infrastructure. Meantime, production from a key field off Kuwait--largely unaffected by the war--is expected to resume in May, but Kuwaiti oil exports will still be hindered by damaged onshore facilities. In addition, Kuwait is lining up equipment and personnel to restore production from its heavily damaged oil fields. Elsewhere in the Persian Gulf, Saudi Arabia reports progress in combating history's worst oil spills but acknowledges a continuing threat.
The hydrometeorology of Kuwait : characterization and modeling of rainfall distribution
This thesis presents a comprehensive study on the hydrometeorology of Kuwait. The spatial, seasonal, and inter annual variability of Kuwait rainfall is discussed based on rain gauge and satellite datasets. It is found that ...
Marcella, Marc Pace
Kuwait summons more fire fighting teams
Kuwait is calling in more muscle to help kill its wild wells. This paper reports on the latest action in Kuwait, the leasing of well control contracts to Abel Engineering/Well Control Inc., Houston, and China Petroleum Engineering Construction Co. (CPEC). Abel is the sixth North American well control company called to the scene, while CPEC is the first summoned from the East. In addition, the service responsible for combating well fires and blowouts in the U.S.S.R.'s Azerbaijan oil fields signed an agreement with Kuwait's government, apparently involving a contract valued at more than $100 million, to extinguish fires at 150 Kuwaiti wells, reported Eastern Bloc Energy, a publication of Eastern Bloc Research Ltd., Newton Kyme, U.K. More help likely is on the way.
Kuwait pressing toward preinvasion oil production capacity
Oil field reconstruction is shifting focus in Kuwait as the country races toward prewar production capacity of 2 million b/d. Oil flow last month reached 1.7 million b/d, thanks largely to a massive workover program that has accomplished about as much as it can. By midyear, most of the 19 rigs in Kuwait will be drilling rather than working over wells vandalized by retreating Iraqi troops in February 1991. Seventeen gathering centers are at work, with capacities totaling 2.4 million b/d, according to state-owned Kuwait Oil Co. (KOC). This article describes current work, the production infrastructure, facilities strategy, oil recovery, well repairs, a horizontal pilot project, the drilling program, the constant reminders of war, and heightened tensions.
Tippee, B.
Minimizing casing corrosion in Kuwait oil fields
Corrosion in production strings is a well known problem in Kuwait oil fields. Failure to remedy the affected wells results mainly in undesirable dump flooding of the oil reservoirs, or in oil seepage and hydrocarbon contamination in shallow water bearing strata. Any of these situations (unless properly handled) leads to a disastrous waste of oil resources. This study discusses casing leaks in Kuwait oil fields, the nature of the formations opposite the leaks and their contained fluids, and the field measures that can be adopted in order to avoid casing leak problems.
Agiza, M.N.; Awar, S.A.
Political Advertising in Kuwait A Functional Analysis
Political Advertising in Kuwait A Functional Analysis Jasem Alqaseer Abstract: Most political (Kaid, 2006). In general, political advertising studies focused on the content of political advertising especially on the subject of issues vs. images in advertising. In addition, many studies of political
Almor, Amit
Atmospheric Environment 40 (2006) 38813897 Field measurements of desert dust deposition in Libya
Atmospheric Environment 40 (2006) 38813897 Field measurements of desert dust deposition in Libya-based dust monitoring study of three zones across Libya, ranging from the Mediterranean coast to the Sahara studies in North Africa shows that areas of Libya have the highest dust deposition rates on record. r 2006
Clarke, Michèle
Date with history as UN acts over Libya By Harvey Morris , 27 February 2011
Date with history as UN acts over Libya By Harvey Morris , 27 February 2011 Muammer Gaddafi, at his Colonel Muammer Gaddafi, Libya's leader, and his close associates on notice that any violence they order justice and that a case like Libya, which has grabbed the world's attention, could be just what
Oil-rich Libya faces daunting challenges after Gadhafi's death, FAU scholars say
by a strongman for 42 years, a country of tribes and conflicting interests, a country with oil reserves desired, there is of course the matter of Libya's substantial oil reserves. An existing gas pipeline from Libya to ItalyOil-rich Libya faces daunting challenges after Gadhafi's death, FAU scholars say By LONA O
Belogay, Eugene A.
Solar-hydrogen energy system model for Libya
A solar-hydrogen energy-system model for Libya was developed, obtaining relationships for and between the main energy and energy related parameters of Libya and the world. The parameters included are: population, energy demand, fossil-fuel production, fossil-fuel resources, hydrogen production, hydrogen introduction rates, energy prices, gross domestic product, pollution and quality of life. The trends of these parameters with and without hydrogen introduction were investigated over a period of time - through the year 2100. The results indicate that the fossil-fuel resources in Libya could be exhausted, due to production for local and export demands, within three to four decades unless serious measures for reducing production are taken. The results indicate that adopting solar-hydrogen energy system would extend the availability of fossil-fuel resources for a longer time period, reduce pollution, improve quality of life and establish a permanent energy system for Libya. It also shows that eventually Libya could export hydrogen in lieu of oil and natural gas.
Eljrushi, G.S.
Iraq: World Oil Report 1991
This paper reports that no reliable information on Iraqi E and P operations and only a few reports on oil field facilities damage have been available since last August. Most of what is known originated from the Middle East Economic Survey (MEES), the authoritative newsletter covering the Middle East. According to MEES reports in major northern oil fields (Kirkuk, Bai Hasan and Jambur) is put at 800,000 bpd. The northern fields and the pipeline system through Turkey to the Mediterranean Sea that serves as an export outlet for the area apparently were not damaged much by coalition air strikes or subsequent fighting by the Kurds. Last May production was estimated at 250,000 bpd, presumably from northern fields. If and when U.N. sanctions are lifted, Iraq should be able to export promptly through the Turkish line.
Ecological disaster in Kuwait; A burning question
Six million barrels of oil are going up in smoke each day in Kuwait, dumping 3.7 million pounds of toxic gases, soot, and smoke - including cancer-causing compounds - into the air each hour. This paper reports that the prognosis for the situation is dim. Even as specialized firefighting companies from the United States and Canada began arriving in Kuwait in March, oil officials there predicted dousing the fires would take at least two years and pumping up oil production to pre-war levels would take between five and 10 years. An oil well fire is a disaster. The effect on the ozone, the ecology, the marine life is massive. We aren't even breathing air here, we're just breathing smog.
Wray, T.K. (Waste Away Services, Perrysburg, OH (US))
Case histories of temperature surveys in Kuwait
Most crude produced in Kuwait is from naturally flowing wells. Casing, tubing, and cement in these wells remain unchanged after completion. This study discusses the major application of temperature surveys in indicating fluid movement both inside and behind the production string, hence locating any holes in the casing. Some significant cases of temperature anomalies are examined qualitatively, and suggestions are made for a more quantitative interpretation of temperature profiles. 9 refs.
Gupta, B.S.
Paintball Summer Weather
Highlights · Paintball · Summer Weather · Birthdays · Manners TheELIWeekly Paintball! Come out France Iraq Japan Korea Kuwait Libya Netherlands Niger Peru Qatar Saudi Arabia Spain Taiwan Thailand Turkey United States Venezuela Summer Weather Safety We've come to realize in the past that not all
Biostratigraphic interpretation for the cyclic sedimentation in northwestern Libya
Mesozoic sediments in western Libya are best exposed along the Jabal Nafusah escarpment. This northeast-southwest trending structure overlooks the Al Jifarah plain and extends more than 300 km westward to connect with a T-shaped anticlinorium in Algeria and Tunisia. The Al Aziziyan fault (normal, north side down) parallels the northern edge of the escarpment and marks its initial position. Alternate deposition of marine and continental sediments began in the Triassic before the formation of a major monocline in the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous time. Subsequent epiorogenic movements and isostatic adjustments initiated a westward sloping shelf along the southern edge of the Tethys. As a result, the eastern and central regions of western Libya were subjected to severe erosion and coalescing of unconformities towards the topographic highs, prior to the deposition of the overstepping Kiklah Formation. Geometrical and physical interpretation of the Mesozoic sediments in the region, combined with paleogeographic reconstruction indicate that the post-Hercynian epiorogenic adjustments and fluctuations of the Tethys resulted in local cyclic sedimentation. Accurate age assessment of the boundaries between the Jurassic-Early Cretaceous facies in northwestern Libya can be carried out on the basis of microfloral and faunal distribution and makes possible correlation of aquifers and probable oil-bearing sequences in western Libya.
Tekbali, A.O.; Cornell, W.C. (Univ. of Texas at El Paso, (United States) Dept. of Geological Sciences)
Seismicity and Improved Velocity Structure in Kuwait
The Kuwait National Seismic Network (KNSN) began operation in 1997 and consists of nine three-component stations (eight short-period and one broadband) and is operated by the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research. Although the region is largely believed to be aseismic, considerable local seismicity is recorded by KNSN. Seismic events in Kuwait are clustered in two main groups, one in the south and another in the north. The KNSN station distribution is able to capture the southern cluster within the footprint of the network but the northern cluster is poorly covered. Events tend to occur at depths ranging from the free surface to about 20 km. Events in the northern cluster tend to be deeper than those in south, however this might be an artifact of the station coverage. We analyzed KNSN recordings of nearly 200 local events to improve understanding of seismic events and crustal structure in Kuwait, performing several analyses with increasing complexity. First, we obtained an optimized one-dimensional (1D) velocity model for the entire region using the reported KNSN arrival times and routine locations. The resulting model is consistent with a recently obtained model from the joint inversion of receiver functions and surface wave group velocities. Crustal structure is capped by the thick ({approx} 7 km) sedimentary rocks of the Arabian Platform underlain by normal velocities for stable continental crust. Our new model has a crustal thickness of 44 km, constrained by an independent study of receiver functions and surface wave group velocities by Pasyanos et al (2006). Locations and depths of events after relocation with the new model are broadly consistent with those reported by KISR, although a few events move more than a few kilometers. We then used a double-difference tomography technique (tomoDD) to jointly locate the events and estimate three-dimensional (3D) velocity structure. TomoDD is based on hypoDD relocation algorithm and it makes use of both absolute and relative arrival times. We obtained {approx}1500 absolute P and S arrival times and {approx}3200 P and S wave arrival time differences. Event locations do not change greatly when 3D velocity structure is included. Three-dimensional velocity structure, where resolvable, does not differ greatly from our optimized 1D model, indicating that the improved 1D model is adequate for routine event location. Finally, we calculated moment magnitudes, MW, for nearly 155 events using the coda magnitude technique of Mayeda et al., (2003). The fact that most of the relocated events occur below the known sedimentary structures extending to 7 km suggests that they are tectonic in origin. Shallow events within the sedimentary crust in the (southern) Minagish region may be related to oil field activities, although the current study cannot unambiguously determine the source of current seismicity in Kuwait. The improved velocity model reduces the scatter of travel time residuals relative to the locations reported in the KNSN bulletin and may be used for ground motion prediction and hazard estimate studies in Kuwait.
Gok, R M; Rodgers, A J; Al-Enezi, A
Iraq's Oil Tomorrow Valerie Marcel, Senior Research Fellow
Iraq's Oil Tomorrow April 2003 By Valerie Marcel, Senior Research Fellow John V. Mitchell the prior permission of the copyright holder. #12;Iraq's Oil Tomorrow 2 Introduction Public perceptions that the American-led military campaign against Iraq is fuelled by oil are widespread in Europe and in the Middle
O'Donnell, Tom
Exploration limited since '70s in Libya's Sirte basin
Esso Standard made the first Libyan oil discovery in the western Ghadames basin in 1957. The Atshan-2 well tested oil from Devonian sandstones, and the play was a continuation of the Paleozoic trend found productive in the neighboring Edjeleh region of eastern Algeria. Exploration in the Sirte basin began in earnest in 1958. Within the next 10 years, 16 major oil fields had been discovered, each with recoverable reserves greater than 500 million bbl of oil. Libya currently produces under OPEC quota approximately 1.4 million b/d of oil, with discovered in-place reserves of 130 billion bbl of oil. The paper describes the structural framework, sedimentary basins of Libya, the Sirte basin, petroleum geology, play types, source rocks, generation and migration of hydrocarbons, oil reserves, potential, and acreage availability.
Thomas, D. (Thomas and Associates, Hastings (United Kingdom))
Improving Operational Strategies of an Institutional Building in Kuwait
The Building and Energy Technologies Department (BET) of the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research has pledged to achieve 10% reduction in buildings energy consumption by the year 2005. Working in line with the Kuwaiti government that highly...
Al-Ragom, F.
Analysis of sustainable water supply options for Kuwait
This thesis considers several options for improving the sustainability of Kuwait's water supply system. The country currently relies heavily on desalination and brackish groundwater extraction. The options considered for ...
Murtaugh, Katharine A. (Katharine Ann)
Physical properties of soils contaminated by oil lakes, Kuwait
In preparation for a marine assault by the coalition forces, the Iraqi Army heavily mined Kuwait`s coastal zone and the oil fields. Over a million mines were placed on the Kuwait soil. Burning of 732 oil wells in the State of Kuwait due to the Iraqi invasion caused damages which had direct and indirect effect on environment. A total of 20-22 million barrels of spilled crude oil were collected in natural desert depressions and drainage network which formed more than 300 oil lakes. The total area covered with oil reached 49 km{sup 2}. More than 375 trenches revealed the existence of hard, massive caliche (CaCO{sub 3}) subsoil which prevent leached oil from reaching deeper horizons, and limited the maximum depth of penetration to 1.75 m. Total volume of soil contaminated reached 22,652,500 m{sup 3} is still causing environmental problems and needs an urgent cleaning and rehabilitation. Kuwait Oil Company has recovered approximately 21 million barrels from the oil lakes since the liberation of Kuwait. In our examined representative soil profiles the oil penetration was not deeper than 45 cm. Infiltration rate, soil permeability, grain size distribution, aggregates formation and water holding capacity were assessed. 15 refs., 5 figs., 5 tabs.
Mohammad, A.S. [Kuwait Univ., Safat (Kuwait); Wahba, S.A.; Al-Khatieb, S.O. [Arabian Gulf Univ. (Bahrain)
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U.N. Human Rights Council condemns Gaddafi's crackdown in Libya By Colum Lynch, 25 February 2011
U.N. Human Rights Council condemns Gaddafi's crackdown in Libya By Colum Lynch, 25 February 2011 governments to rethink their traditional alliances with autocratic governments such as Libya's that are facing to the heroic people of Libya! I wish to emphasize that we at the Libyan mission serve at the will of the Libyan
Dropped in Tripoli; Exploded in New York: Assessing the Collateral Consequences of NATO's [Mis]leading Intervention in Libya
]leading Intervention in Libya Eberechi Ifeonu* "The strong do what they have the power to do and the weak accept what, Justin Bieber NATO announced the end of its "humanitarian mission" in Libya. While the mood, with the media curiously predicting that "after Gadhafi, Libya's oil will flow slowly." This paper interrogates
Volesky, Bohumil
Latest Ordovicianearliest Silurian acritarchs and chitinozoans from1 subsurface samples in Jebel Asba, Kufra Basin, SE Libya2
Asba, Kufra Basin, SE Libya2 3 Bindra Thusu1 , Syed Rasul1 , Florentin Paris2 , Guido Meinhold3 & Gas B.V., Dat Al Imad Complex Tower 5 Floor 13, P.O. Box 91651, Tripoli,15 Libya16 17 * Corresponding of the Kufra Basin,36 southeastern Libya, yielded well-diversified palynomorph assemblages with transparent and
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Presented at The Second Basic Sciences Conference, Al-Fatah University, Tripoli, Libya 4-8 November 2007.
Presented at The Second Basic Sciences Conference, Al-Fatah University, Tripoli, Libya 4-8 November-Fateh University, Tripoli-Libya C.T.J Dodson School of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester- UK at The Second Basic Sciences Conference, Al-Fatah University, Tripoli, Libya 4-8 November 2007. WEx; q, b = bq
Dodson, C.T.J.
Social and Economic Challenges of Implementing Sustainable Materials on Buildings in Kuwait
building in Kuwait to become a sustainable green building. LEED is still relatively new in Kuwait and the Gulf region, therefore, when certifying an existing governmental building, difficultly is faced with obtaining complete building owners, building upper...
Al-Foraih, R.; Al-Fahad, F.
Characterizing Surface Temperature and Clarity of Kuwait's Seawaters Using Remotely Sensed Measurements and GIS Analyses
Kuwait sea surface temperature (SST) and water clarity are important water characteristics that influence the entire Kuwait coastal ecosystem. The aim of this project was to study the spatial and temporal distributions of ...
Alsahli, Mohammad M. M.
Iraq: Energy Resources | Open Energy Information
Open Energy Info (EERE)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia: Energy Resources Jump to:46 - 429 Throttled (bot load)InternationalRenewableIowa DepartmentIowa JumpIra,Iraq:
Statement by NSC Spokesperson Caitlin Hayden on the U.S.-Iraq...
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
the U.S.-Iraq energy partnership and supporting the continued increase of Iraq's energy supply to the global markets. Following on that meeting, today in Baghdad, Deputy...
Impact of Kuwait`s oil-fire smoke cloud on the sky of Bahrain
The effects of the Kuwaiti oil well fires of 1991 on the atmospheric parameters of Bahrain (approximately 600 km southeast of Kuwait) were observed. Solar radiation, optical thickness, ultraviolet radiation, horizontal visibility, temperature, and solar spectral distribution were measured for 1991 and compared to the long-term values of 1985-1990. The relative monthly solar radiation in Bahrain was reduced by 8% (February) when 50 oil wells were burning and reduced further to 20% when 470 oil wells were on fire (April-July). In November 1991, when there were 12 oil wells burning, the recorded solar radiation became nearly equal to the long-term average. The monthly average daily optical thickness, {tau}, for the direct or beam solar radiation was calculated. The values of {tau} were found to be larger in 1991 than the average for the years 1985-1990 by nearly 58% during June and returned to normal in October (after nearly all the oil well fires were extinguished). The clear and smoked sky solar spectra distribution were detected before and during the burning of the Kuwait oil wells. Large absorption of the solar radiation was noticed on the 2nd and 3rd of March, 1991. The daily average infrared radiation during 1990 was found to be 6700.4 Whm{sup -2} and shifted to 9182.1 Whm{sup -2} in 1991. Comparison was also made between 1990 and 1991 data of the global solar radiation and the temperature. 13 refs., 12 figs., 1 tab.
Alnaser, W.E. [Univ. of Bahrain (Bahrain)] [Univ. of Bahrain (Bahrain)
Ground level concentration of sulfur dioxide at Kuwait`s major population centers during the oil-field fires
During the Iraqi occupation, Kuwait`s oil wells were ignited. the fires were damaging to the country`s oil resources and air quality. The impact of the oil-field fires on the air quality was studied to determine the level of exposure to pollutants in major population centers. The period of July-September 1991 was selected for examination. A mathematical model was used to compute the ground-level concentration isopleths. The results of these computations are supported by significant concentrations measured and reported by the Environmental Protection Council, Kuwait. The ground-level concentrations of sulfur dioxide in the major population centers, whether measure or estimated, were less than the ambient standards of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency`s air pollution index. The dispersive characteristics were classified according to wind conditions. The results of this assessment provide historical data on Kuwait`s oil fires and may be useful in assessing risks resulting from this catastrophe. 6 refs., 10 fig., 2 tab.
Al-Ajmi, D.N.; Marmoush, Y.R. [Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (Kuwait)] [Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (Kuwait)
Geology, Murzuk oil development could boost S. W. Libya prospects
With the recent involvement of Repsol, Total, and OMV in developing the 2 billion bbl oil-in-place Murzuk field complex, an infrastructure will be finally constructed in western Libya which will act as a precursor to more exploration activity and development projects in the Murzuk and Ghadames basins. Murzuk, an intra-cratonic sag basin, is a huge ladle-shaped structural basin covering more than 400,000 sq km and extending beyond the borders of southern Libya. The structure of the area is quite simple. The sub-horizontal or gently dipping strata are faulted and the faults are most frequently parallel to the anticlinal axis. Tectonic movements affected the basin to a greater or lesser degree from early Paleozoic (Caledonian) to post-Eocene (Alpine) times. The paper describes the exploration history; stratigraphy; the Ordovician, Silurian and Devonian, and Carboniferous reservoirs; source rocks; oil gravity and gas content; hydrogeologic constraints; aquifer influence on hydrocarbon accumulation; geologic structures; Murzuk field development; and acreage availability.
Iraq hedges on arms inspections; CIA warns of ongoing programs
International inspection terms received distinctly mixed signals from Iraqi officials during December inspection visits. Iraq's liasion to U.N. Special Commission (UNSCOM) inspection teams told the head of an UNSCOM chemical and biological weapons team that began a visit December 5 that Iraqi citizens would like to drink the blood' of the inspectors, and that Iraq would no longer cooperate with U.N. weapon inspection activities. An International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) nuclear inspection team in Iraq at the same time, however, was told by its chief Iraqi liasion officer that Baghdad was finally willing to answer questions about Iraq's foreign procurement network for nuclear equipment and technology. These contradictory developments came only days before the head of U.S. Intelligence made renewed allegations about Iraq's weapons capabilities.
Wolfsthal, J.
Profiteering on the Iran-Iraq war
The military gear delivered from the US in the Iran-contra affair represents only a minor portion of arms sales to the combatants in the Iraq-Iran war. That war has now lasted more than six years and has deeply influenced the international arms market. Occurring during a period when other demand for arms has been relatively low, the war has nourished new suppliers and has revived both the legal and illegal private arms market. The erratic behavior of the USSR and the US, until recently by far the most important arms suppliers to the Third World, has pushed Iran and Iraq toward more commercially oriented sources, including many in the Third World. Both countries have had ample supplies of weapons during the war, and these weapons have served their purpose. Mainly because of its duration, the war already ranks third among post-World War II wars - after the Vietnam war and the Biafra war - in battlefield victims, with 300,000-500,000 casualties. The economic cost has risen to nearly $500 billion in weapons, destruction, and lost income. While it is hard to see anything but losers on the battlefield, the arms traffickers are profiting. Total Iranian arms imports since August 1980 have been higher than $10 billion, while Iraq has imported more than $30 billion worth. It is difficult to know whether making arms more difficult to obtain would have stopped the war, but judging from other recent wars, such as those between India and Pakistan, between Uganda and Tanzania, and in the Middle East, it seems likely that hostilities could have been stopped long ago. 12 references.
Brzoska, M.
April 20, 2005 --Lecture 35 Computer Security
, Iran, Iraq, Libya, North Korea, Serbia, Sudan, Syria, and Taleban controlled areas of Afghanistan #12
Jones, Douglas W.
International Opportunities.
contact Jon Inegbedion: Libya, Egypt, Turkey, Iraq, Iran Rami Al Mousa: Jordan, Bahrain, Saudi, Qatar
Anderson, Jim
ernational Multi-Co s, Signals &
, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, India, Iraq, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Oman, Romania, Saudi Arabia
MEW Efforts in Reducing Electricity and Water Consumption in Government and Private Sectors in Kuwait
of Engineers, membership No. 1715. MEW EFFORTS IN REDUCING ELECTRICITY AND WATER CONSUMPTION IN GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE SECTORS IN KUWAIT Eng. Iqbal Al-Tayar Manager ? Technical Supervision Department Planning and Training Sector Ministry... of Electricity & Water (MEW) - Kuwait Historical Background - Electricity ? In 1913, the first electric machine was installed in Kuwait to operate 400 lambs for Al-Saif Palace. ? In 1934, two electric generators were installed with a total capacity of 60 k...
Al-Tayar, I.
Iraq's housing crisis : upgrading settlements for IDPS (internally displaced persons)
The most recent war in Iraq has resulted in a large wave of internal and external displacement with increased sectarian violence and ethnic tension. Subsequent conflict has exacerbated conditions within the nation and ...
Shaikley, Layla Karim
Support of the Iraq nuclear facility dismantlement and disposal program
Available in abstract form only. Full text of publication follows: Iraq's former nuclear facilities contain large quantities of radioactive materials and radioactive waste. The Iraq Nuclear Facility Dismantlement and Disposal Program (the Iraq NDs Program) is a new program to decontaminate and permanently dispose of radioactive wastes in Iraq. The NDs Program is led by the Government of Iraq, under International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) auspices, with guidance and assistance from a number of countries. The U.S. participants include Texas Tech University and Sandia National Laboratories. A number of activities are ongoing under the broad umbrella of the Iraq NDs Program: drafting a new nuclear law that will provide the legal basis for the cleanup and disposal activities; assembly and analysis of existing data; characterization of soil contamination; bringing Iraqi scientists to the world's largest symposium on radioactive waste management; touring U.S. government and private sector operating radwaste disposal facilities in the U.S., and hosting a planning workshop on the characterization and cleanup of the Al-Tuwaitha Nuclear Facility. (authors)
Coates, Roger [International Atomic Energy Agency - IAEA, Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100 - 1400 Vienna (Austria); Cochran, John; Danneels, Jeff [Sandia National Laboratories (United States); Chesser, Ronald; Phillips, Carlton; Rogers, Brenda [Center for Environmental Radiation Studies, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409 (United States)
Arab states seek Libya no-fly zone Regional bloc calls on UN Security Council to take steps to protect civilians from air attack by
Arab states seek Libya no-fly zone Regional bloc calls on UN Security Council to take steps on the United Nations Security Council to impose a no-fly zone over Libya in a bid to protect civilians from air the civilian population of Libya. "The Arab League has officially requested the UN Security Council to impose
Mesozoic evolution of northeast African shelf margin, Libya and Egypt
The present tectonic features of the northeast African shelf margin between the Nile delta and the Gulf of Sirte are products of (1) precursory late Paleozoic basement arches, (2) early Mesozoic rifting and plate separation, and (3) Late Cretaceous structural inversion. The 250 km-wide and highly differentiated Mesozoic passive margin in the Western Desert region of Egypt is developed above a broad northwest-trending Late Carboniferous basement arch. In northeastern Libya, in contrast, the passive margin is restricted to just the northernmost Cyrenaica platform, where subsidence was extremely rapid in the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous. The boundary between the Western Desert basin and the Cyrenaica platform is controlled by the western flank of the basement arch. In the middle Cretaceous (100-90 Ma), subsidence accelerated over large areas of the Western desert, further enhancing a pattern of east-west-trending subbasins. This phase of rapid subsidence was abruptly ended about 80 Ma by the onset of structural inversion that uplifted the northern Cyrenaica shelf margin and further differentiated the Western Desert subbasin along a northeasterly trend.
Aadland, R.K.; Schamel, S.
Hydrocarbon provinces and productive trends in Libya and adjacent areas
According to the age of major reservoirs, hydrocarbon occurrences in Libya and adjacent areas can be grouped into six major systems which, according to their geographic locations, can be classified into two major hydrocarbon provinces: (1) Sirte-Pelagian basins province, with major reservoirs ranging from middle-late Mesozoic to early Tertiary, and (2) Murzog-Ghadames basins province, with major reservoirs ranging from early Paleozoic to early Mesozoic. In the Sirte-Pelagian basins province, hydrocarbons have been trapped in structural highs or in stratigraphic wedge-out against structural highs and in carbonate buildups. Here, hydrocarbon generation is characterized by the combined effect of abundant structural relief and reservoir development in the same hydrocarbon systems of the same age, providing an excellent example of hydrocarbon traps in sedimentary basins that have undergone extensive tensional fracturing in a shallow marine environment. In the Murzog-Ghadames basins province, hydrocarbons have been trapped mainly in structural highs controlled by paleostructural trends as basement arches which acted as focal points for oil migration and accumulation.
Missallati, A.A. (Agip (N.A.M.E.)Ltd., Tripoli (Libya))
Cyclic transgressive and regressive sequences, Paleocene Suite, Sirte basin, Libya
The Farrud lithofacies represent the main reservoir rock of the Ghani oil field and Western Concession Eleven of the Sirte basin, Libya. Eight microfacies are recognized in the Farrud lithofacies in the Ghani field area: (1) bryozoan-bioclastic (shallow, warm, normal marine shelf deposits); (2) micrite (suggesting quiet, low-energy conditions such as may have existed in a well-protected lagoon); (3) dasycladacean (very shallow, normal marine environment); (4) bioclastic (very shallow, normal marine environment with moderate to vigorous energy); (5) mgal (very shallow, normal marine environment in a shelf lagoon); (6) pelletal-skeletal (deposition within slightly agitated waters of a sheltered lagoon with restricted circulation); (7) dolomicrite (fenestrate structures indicating a high intertidal environment of deposition); and (8) anhydrite (supratidal environment). The Paleocene suite of the Farrud lithofacies generally shows a prograding, regressive sequence of three facies: (1) supratidal facies, characterized by nonfossiliferous anhydrite, dolomite, and dolomitic pelletal carbonate mudstone; (2) intertidal to very shallow subtidal facies, characterized by fossiliferous, pelletal, carbonate mudstone and skeletal calcarenite; and (3) subtidal facies, characterized by a skeletal, pelletal, carbonate mudstone. Source rocks were primarily organic-rich shales overlying the Farrud reservoir rock. Porosity and permeability were developed in part by such processes as dolomitization, leaching, and fracturing in the two progradational, regressive carbonate facies. Hydrocarbons were trapped by a supratidal, anhydrite cap rock.
Abushagur, S.A.
Essays on Forecasting and Hedging Models in the Oil Market and Causality Analysis in the Korean Stock Market
(Angola), Oriente (Ecuador), Iran Heavy (Islamic Republic of Iran), Basra Light (Iraq), Kuwait Export (Kuwait), Es Sider (Libya), Bonny Light (Nigeria), Qatar Marine (Qatar), Arab Light (Saudi Arabia), Murban (UAE) and Merey (Venezuela). OPEC collects...-1 and 5-3-2, may also be utilized for crack spread margins. Especially, the 2-1-1 crack spread, signifying that two barrels of crude yield a barrel each of gasoline and heating oil, is a better description of the case of heavy crude oils like OPEC basket...
Choi, Hankyeung
Libya, Algeria and Egypt: crude oil potential from known deposits
An analysis is presented of the discovered crude oil resources, reserves, and estimated annual production from known fields of the Republics of Libya, Algeria, and Egypt. Proved reserves are defined as the remaining producible oil as of a specified date under operating practice in effect at that time and include estimated recoverable oil in undrilled portions of a given structure or structures. Also included in the proved reserve category are the estimated indicated additional volumes of recoverable oil from the entire oil reservoir where fluid injection programs have been started in a portion, or portions, of the reservoir. The indicated additional reserves (probable reserves) reported herein are the volumes of crude oil that might be obtained with the installation of secondary recovery or pressure maintenance operations in reservoirs where none have been previously installed. The sum of cumulative production, proved reserves, and probable reserves is defined as the ultimate oil recovery from known deposits; and resources are defined as the original oil in place (OOIP). An assessment was made of the availability of crude oil under three assumed sustained production rates for each country; an assessment was also made of each country's capability of sustaining production at, or near, the 1980 rates assuming different limiting reserve to production ratios. Also included is an estimate of the potential maximum producing capability from known deposits that might be obtained from known accumulations under certain assumptions, using a simple time series approach. The theoretical maximum oil production capability from known fields at any time is the maximum deliverability rate assuming there are no equipment, investment, market, or political constraints.
Dietzman, W.D.; Rafidi, N.R.; Ross, T.A.
War curbs oil exports by Iran and Iraq
A discussion of the effects of the war between Iran and Iraq on oil exports from the area covers damage (extent unknown) to the Abadan, Iran, and Basra, Iraq, oil refineries, to the Iraqi petrochemical complex under construction at Basra, to oil export terminals at Kharg Island and Mina-al-Bakr, and to other oil facilities; war-caused reductions in oil production, refining, shipping, and export, estimated at 2.05-3.35 million bbl/day; the possible effects of the war on OPEC's decisions concerning oil production and pricing; the significance of the Strait of Hormuz for the export of oil by several countries in addition to the belligerents; the U.S. and non-Communist oil stocks which might enable the world to avoid an oil shortage if the war is ended in the near future; and the long-term effects of the war on Iran's and Iraq's oil industries.
Trace gas measurements in the Kuwait oil fire smoke plume
The authors report trace gas measurements made both inside and outside the Kuwait oil-fire smoke plume during a flight of an instrumented research aircraft on May 30, 1991. Concentrations of SO{sub 2}, CO, and NO{sub x} averaged vertically and horizontally throughout the plume 80 km downwind of Kuwait City were 106, 127, and 9.1 parts per billion by volume (ppbv), respectively, above background concentrations. With the exception of SO{sub 2}, trace gas concentrations were far below typical US urban levels and primary national ambient air quality standards. Ambient ozone was titrated by NO in the dark, dense core of the smoke plume close to the fires, and photochemical ozone production was limited to the diffuse edge of the plume. Photochemical O{sub 3} production was noted throughout the plume at a distance of 160 km downwind of Kuwait City, and averaged 2.3 ppbv per hour during the first 3 hours of transport. Little additional photochemical production was noted at a downwind range of 340 km. The fluxes of sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and reactive nitrogen from the roughly 520 fires still burning on May 30, 1991 are estimated at 1.4 x 10{sup 7} kg SO{sub 2}/d, 6.9 x 10{sup 6} kg CO/d, and 2.7 x 10{sup 5} kg N/d, respectively. Generally low concentrations of CO and NO{sub x} indicate that the combustion was efficient and occurred at low temperatures. Low total nonmethane hydrocarbon concentrations suggest that the volatile components of the petroleum were burned efficiently. 37 refs., 4 figs., 4 tabs.
Luke, W.T.; Kok, G.L.; Schillawski, R.D.; Zimmerman, P.R.; Greenberg, J.P.; Kadavanich, M. [National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States)
State of Kuwait Ministry of Oil | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of Inspector GeneralDepartmentAUDIT REPORTOpenWende NewSowitec do Brasil Energia AlternativasState of Kuwait
U.S. Energy Secretary Visits Kuwait | Department of Energy
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious Rank EERE:YearRound-Up from theDepartment of Dept. of Energy, Office of Civil Rights,Efficiencyto VisitKuwait
Iran and Iraq - the proliferation challenge. Strategic research report
Worldwide proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and ballistic missiles has been on the rise since the end of the Cold War. This escalation has brought a new set of challenges to post-Cold War strategists and policymakers. This study focus on the impact of nuclear proliferation in the Middle East. It assesses the possibility of Iran`s and Iraq`s ability to develop a nuclear capability within the next twenty to thirty years. United States` strategy and policy to counter this potential is also considered.
Jordan, F.R.
Effect of oil pollution on fresh groundwater in Kuwait
Massive oil fires in Kuwait were the aftermath of the Gulf War. This resulted in the pollution of air, water, and soil, the magnitude of which is unparalleled in the history of mankind. Oil fires damaged several oil well heads, resulting in the flow of oil, forming large oil lakes. Products of combustion from oil well fires deposited over large areas. Infiltrating rainwater, leaching out contaminants from oil lakes and products of combustion at ground surface, can reach the water table and contaminate the groundwater. Field investigations, supported by laboratory studies and mathematical models, show that infiltration of oil from oil lakes will be limited to a depth of about 2 m from ground surface. Preliminary mathematical models showed that contaminated rainwater can infiltrate and reach the water table within a period of three to four days, particularly at the Raudhatain and Umm Al-Aish regions. These are the only regions in Kuwait where fresh groundwater exists. After reaching the water table, the lateral movement of contaminants is expected to be very slow under prevailing hydraulic gradients. Groundwater monitoring at the above regions during 1992 showed minor levels of vanadium, nickel, and total hydrocarbons at certain wells. Since average annual rainfall in the region is only 120 mm/yr, groundwater contamination due to the infiltration of contaminated rainwater is expected to be a long-term one. 13 refs., 15 figs., 2 tabs.
Al-Sulaimi, J.; Viswanathan, M.N.; Szekely, F. [Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat (Kuwait)
Chemical and physical properties of emissions from Kuwait oil fires
After the Iraqi retreat from Kuwait in 1991, airborne sampling was conducted in the oil fire plumes near Kuwait City and ground-level samples were taken of the air within the city. For the airborne sampling, a versatile air pollution sampler was used to determine the SO(2), elemental concentrations, the aerosol mass loadings and SO4(2-) and NO3(1-) concentrations. Striking differences between the black and white plumes were associated with high concentrations of NaCl and CaCl(2) measured in the white plumes and large numbers of carbon chain agglomerates in the black plumes. For the ground-based measurements, an annular denuder system was used to determine levels of SO(2), SO4(2-), trace elements, and mass loadings. Certain pollutant levels rose in the city during inversion conditions, when winds were too weak to continue moving the combustion products directly to the Persian Gulf, and the increased levels of Pb and certain trace elements were comparable to those in other large urban areas in Europe.
Stevens, R.; Pinto, J.; Mamane, Y.; Ondov, J.; Abdulraheem, M.
Afghanistan and Iraq--$2 Trillion Dollar Graveyards of Armies
This thesis explores the projection of violent direct action in the case of Iraq and Afghanistan since 2007 through May 2011. Machine-coded events data from the free, publicly available, on-line Reuters archives was fitted to both regressor and time...
Petrov, Vladimir
December 14 -16, 2010 Erbil (Kurdistan, Iraq) International Conference on
December 14 - 16, 2010 Erbil (Kurdistan, Iraq) International Conference on Revitalizing Research in Kurdistan. http://sites.google.com/a/mhe-krg.org/rrku/ Session Four: Mathematics December 15, 2010, 9 and Kurdistan" 9 :15 9 :30 -- Fatima Aboud : "International Cooperation in Mathematics : France and Kurdistan
Waldschmidt, Michel
Implementation of Simple Measures for Savings Water and Energy Consumption in Kuwait Government Buildings
This paper gives in details the efforts made by the Public Services Department (PSD) to reduce water and energy consumptions in the Ministry of Social Affairs and Labour's (MOSAL) buildings in Kuwait. PSD manages around 125 buildings distributed...
Albaharani, H.; Al-Mulla, A.
International project finance : the case of Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development
This thesis examines the record of the Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development (KFAED) in light of changing fashions regarding the proper role and management of such funds in the development finance process. The key ...
Al-Jassar, Sulaiman Ahmed
Ozone chemistry in the smoke from the Kuwait oil fires
Ozone depletion occurred in the core of the plume of smoke from the Kuwait oil fires within 100 km of the fires, primarily in regions where NO{sub x} concentrations were high and ultraviolet flux was near zero. Rapid conversion of NO to NO{sub 2} can explain almost all of the ozone loss. Ozone was produced in diffuse regions of the plume, where the ultraviolet flux was higher than in the core. However, due to the relatively high ratio of nonmethane hydrocarbons to NO{sub x}, ozone production was slow. Since ozone was produced in a much larger volume than it was depleted, the plume as a whole was a source of ozone on a regional scale. 27 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.
Herring, J.A.; Hobbs, P.V. [Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
Mesozoic evolution of the northeast African shelf margin, Libya and Egypt
The present tectonic features of the northeast African shelf margin between the Nile delta and the Gulf of Sirte are products of (1) precursory late Paleozoic basement arches, (2) early Mesozoic rifting and plate separation, and (3) Late Cretaceous structural inversion. Isopach and structural maps, cross sections, and sediment accumulation (geohistory) curves constructed from 89 wells in the Western Desert and 27 wells in northeastern Libya depict the structural and stratigraphic development of the northeast African shelf margin.
Political economy of Maghribi oil: Change and development in Algeria and Libya
In the wake of rapidly growing oil and natural gas revenues, Algeria and Libya during the 1970s adopted a state capitalist strategy in order to minimize the dislocations caused by continued reliance on the international economy and, in the long run, to move toward more self-reliant local economies. International political economy theories until now have paid relatively little attention to the impact of the state in the development process, assuming that state formation and bureaucratic development go hand in hand. But in Libya and Algeria they remained disjointed. This was further exacerbated by the rentier nature of their economies which allowed for the distribution of assets without real political participation. In Algeria a techno-bureaucratic elite, to which the state quickly lost control during the 1970s, was put in charge of development. By 1976 the inefficiencies of the public sector and the alignment of the techno-bureaucratic elite with an expanding private sector led Algeria back toward a more market-oriented development strategy. In Libya a much smaller population and larger revenues have allowed the Qadhdhafi government to prolong the state capitalists experiment without paying serious attention to either economic or political development.
Vandewalle, D.J.
Geology and hydrocarbon potential of the Hamada and Murzuq basins in western Libya
The Hamada and Murzuq intracratonic basins of western Libya form a continuation of the Saharan basin which stretches from Algeria eastward into Tunisia and Libya. The tectonics and sedimentology of this region have been greatly influenced by the Caledonian and Hercynian orogenies. Northwest- and northeast-trending faults are characteristic of the broad, shallow basins. The Cambrian-Ordovician sediments are fluvial to shallow marine. The Silurian constitutes a complete sedimentary cycle, ranging from deep marine shales to shallow marine and deltaic sediments. The Devonian occupies a unique position between two major orogenies. The Mesozoic strata are relatively thin. The Triassic consists of well-developed continental sands, whereas the Jurassic and Cretaceous sediments are mainly lagoonal dolomites, evaporites, and shales. Silurian shales are the primary source rock in the area. The quality of the source rock appears to be better in the deeper part of the basin than on its periphery. The Paleozoic has the best hydrocarbon potential. Hydrocarbons have also been encountered in the Triassic and Carboniferous. In the Hamada basin, the best-known field is the El Hamra, with reserves estimated at 155 million bbl from the Devonian. Significant accumulations of oil have been found in the Silurian. Tlacsin and Tigi are two fields with Silurian production. In the Murzuq basin the Cambrian-Ordovician has the best production capability. However, substantial reserves need to be established before developing any field in this basin. Large areas still remain unexplored in western Libya.
Kirmani, K.U.; Elhaj, F.
Higher prices or gasoline lines loom if Iran-Iraq war lasts into spring
Policies for dealing with the gasoline shortage caused by the Iran-Iraq war are predicted. Options for allocations of existing supplies are discussed. (PSB)
Madison, C.
Studies of the Kuwait oil fire plume during midsummer 1991
This paper reports aircraft observations of the Kuwait oil fire plume conducted during the period July 31-August 17, 1991. During this study the plume was transported almost exclusively to the south of Kuwait over the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Peninsula. The plume base was generally found to be well above the surface, in some cases as high as 1-2 km; plume tops did not exceed 5 km. Aerosol mass (based on measured aerosol constituents) in the central section of the plume, ca. 150-200 km downwind of the source region, was found to be >500 {mu}g/m{sup 3}, with number densities in the size range (approximate) 0.2 < d < 3 {mu}m (where d is diameter) as high as 30,000/cm{sup 3}. The aerosol was composed of (in order of approximate contribution to mass) inorganic salts, elemental carbon, and organic carbon. Sodium chloride constituted a surprisingly large component of the soluble inorganic mass. The aerosol particles appeared to function as good cloud condensation nuclei, with a large fraction of accumulation mode particles (by number) activated at a supersaturation of 0.6%. Under conditions in which the plume was relatively compact, transmittance of solar radiation to the surface was only 10-20%. Plume albedo was observed to be as low as 2-3% close to the source region, consistent with the high elemental-carbon concentrations present in the plume. Trace gas concentrations were consistent with fuel composition and with current knowledge of atmospheric chemical processes. Sulfur dioxide concentrations close to the source region were found to be as high as 300-400 ppb. The emissions factor for S (expressed as a percentage) was estimated to be 1.8%, which is consistent with estimates of a fuel sulfur content of 2-2.5%. SO{sub 2} was found to be only slowly oxidized (<1%/h). Nitrogen oxide concentrations were found to be quite low (<50 ppb near the source, decreasing to 1-2 ppb well downwind), which is consistent with a crude oil nitrogen source. 32 refs., 15 figs., 7 tabs.
Daum, P.H.; Al-Sunaid, A.; Busness, K.M.; Hales, J.M.; Mazurek, M. [Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States)
Chemical composition of emissions from the Kuwait oil fires
Airborne measurements in the smoke from the Kuwait oil fires in May and June 1991 indicate that the combined oil and gas emissions were equivalent to the consumption of about 4.6 million barrels of oil per day. The combustion was relatively efficient, with about 96% of the fuel carbon burned emitted as CO{sub 2}. Particulate smoke emissions averaged 2% of the fuel burned, of which about 20% was soot. About two-thirds of the mass of the smoke was accounted for by salt, soot, and sulfate. The salt most likely originated from oil field brines, which were ejected from the wells along with the oil. The salt accounts for the fact that many of the plumes were white. SO{sub 2} and NO{sub x} were removed from the smoke at rates of about 6 and 22% per hour, respectively. The high salt and sulfate contents explain why a large fraction of the particles in the smoke were efficient cloud condensation nuclei. 14 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.
Ferek, R.J.; Hobbs, P.V.; Herring, J.A. [Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Laursen, K.K. [National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States); Weiss, R.E. [Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology, Beaverton, OR (United States); Rasmussen, R.A. [Radiance Research, Inc., Seattle, WA (United States)
Taking stock of Saddam's fiery legacy in Kuwait
Six months after Saddam Hussein's torching of more than 700 Kuwaiti oil wells, health officials, meteorologists, and environmental experts convened during mid-August in Cambridge, Massachusetts, to assess the impact of the fires. The soot cloud produced by the fires hasn't produced a nuclear winter, nor are the carbon dioxide and other gases released going to have an appreciable effect on global warming, although regional weather changes are possible. So far adverse health effects from the heavy pall of pollution caused by the fires have been surprisingly mild. This isn't to say that premature deaths will not occur, but many scientists had feared much worse. Nevertheless, all researchers concede that the data for this particular conclusion are still preliminary, and they expressed concerns that health problems may worsen in the coming months. Most of the health effects are expected in a region blanketed by a plume of smoke 800 to 1,000 kilometers long. The average concentrations of the primary pollutants it contains, carbon-based particles and sulfur dioxide, are similar to those in any large urban center. Still, the oil fires increase the pollution burden on Kuwait, which already had a problem with particulates in the air, and some epidemiologists expect that the extra pollutants will take their toll.
Hoffman, M.
Optical extinction of smoke from the Kuwait oil fires
Aircraft-based measurements of optical extinction, optical scattering, and particle mass concentrations were obtained in the smoke from the Kuwait oil fires during May and June 1991. These measurements were used to derive optical absorption, single-scattering albedo ({anti {omega}}), specific absorption and the amount of soot in the smoke. Measurements were made in smoke from individual oil wells, pool fires and in composite smoke plumes. The value of {anti {omega}} for smoke from the individual fires was either 0.35-0.4 (for the black smoke) or 0.85-0.95 (for the white smoke). For the aged composite plume from all of the fires, {anti {omega}} ranged from 0.52 to 0.6. The specific absorption of the composite smoke varied from about 2 m{sup 2} g{sup {minus}1} near the fires to about 1.5 m{sup 2} g{sup {minus}1} well downwind. 8 refs., 2 figs., 1 tab.
Weiss, R.E. [Radiance Research, Inc., Seattle, WA (United States); Hobbs, P.V. [Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
Green Classroom: Daylighting-conscious Design for Kuwait Autism Center
Consideration to the natural elements, such as daylighting, at the earliest in the architectural design process is suggested by many as necessary for sustainable buildings. The implementation of a successful daylighting strategy in the design of buildings improves spatial quality and saves energy required, otherwise, for artificial lighting. Daylighting becomes a design mandate in the case of certain spaces; e.g. classrooms in educational buildings. Many researchers have indicated a correlation between the way classrooms are designed and students ' performance. This paper discusses a case study of the environmental design of Kuwait Autism Centre that adopted the provision of adequate daylighting in educational spaces as a major design focus. An extensive daylighting evaluation was conducted on all educational facilities of the proposed conceptual design of the centre. The recommendations from the evaluation were implemented in the design development stages. Earlier conceptual design drawings as well as the final designs are described. The paper summarises the daylighting design recommendations and explains the daylighting simulation process and analysis for decision making in design. Additionally it shows the annual energy savings as a result of the daylighting-conscious design of the classrooms.
Abdullah Al-mohaisen; Omar Khattab
Economic interests in the domestic politics of war : evidence from U.S. decisions to go to war with Iraq in 1991 and 2003
percent of the world�s oil reserves, additional leverage inin size. Kuwait�s oil reserves, while relatively large, onlyto offset Iraqi Proven oil reserves figures from Humphreys
Seljan, Samuel Sierra
Plate tectonics and offshore boundary delimitation: Tunisia-Libya case at the International Court of Justice
Advances in the technology for exploiting resources of the oceans, particularly recovery of hydrocarbons and minerals in deep water, is benefiting a growing number of nations. At the same time, however, economic and political pressures have induced concern and there is now a much increased emphasis on jurisdiction to divide the offshore areas between the 132 coastal nations. Negotiations affect research operations at sea and, in consequence, marine scientists have been made aware of offshore problems as highlighted by the Law of the Sea Treaty (UNCLOS III) and complications arising from the legal versus scientific definitions of continental shelves and margins. The first major offshore boundary case of international scope where plate tectonics has constituted a significant argument is the one recently brought before the International Court of Justice by Libya and Tunisia concerning the delimitation of their continental shelves. Of the two parties, Libya placed the greatest emphasis on this concept as a means to determine natural prolongation of its land territory into and under the sea. Tunisia contested Libya's use of the whole of the African continental landmass as a reference unit; in Tunisia's view, considerations of geography, geomorphology, and bathymetry are at least as relevant as are those of geology. In its landmark judgment (February 1982) - which almost certainly will have far-reaching consequences in future such boundary delimitation cases - the court pronounced that It is the outcome, not the evolution in the long-distant past, which is of importance, and that it is the present-day configuration of the coasts and sea bed which are the main factors to be considered, not geology.
Stanley, D.J.
Distribution of terrestrial age and petrologic type of meteorites from western Libya
A group of 54 meteorites have been recovered from Daraj, Western Libya. After assessment of pairing of samples, using petrologic criteria, {sup 14}C terrestrial ages were obtained on 13 samples selected from 9 different fall events. Eleven of the ages range from 3,500 to 7,600 years, with only two samples having ages in excess of 10,000 years. The cut-off in ages may be related to the timing of climatic changes in the Hammadah al Hamra.
Jull, A.J.T.; Donahue, D.J. (Univ. of Arizona, Tucson (USA)); Wlotzka, F.; Palme, H. (Max-Planck-Institut fuer Chemie, Mainz (West Germany))
Mrar formation of western Libya - evolution of an early Carboniferous delta system
The Lower Carboniferous Mrar Formation is exposed extensively along the southern margin of the Ghadames basin in northwest Libya. The basal part of the Mrar forms the cap rock and possible hydrocarbon source for many of the producing reservoirs in the underlying Tahara sandstones. Furthermore, the Mrar itself is known to contain significant gas shows southwest of the outcrop, associated with some oil potential. The Mrar formation was deposited in a deltaic environment which developed on the northern part of the stable Saharan platform. The history of the Mrar formation's deposition is discussed. (JMT)
Whitbread, T. (Univ. of Keele, England); Kelling, G.
Greater Burgan of Kuwait: world's second largest oil field
Greater Burgan (Main burgan, Magwa, and Ahmadi) field is located in the Arabian Platform geologic province and the stable shelf tectonic environment of the Mesopotamian geosyncline, a sedimentary basin extending from the Arabian shield on the west to the complexly folded and faulted Zagros Mountains on the east. The structural development in Cretaceous time represents a major anticlinorium bounded by a basin to the west and a synclinorium to the east. Greater Burgan is located within this anticlinorium. The field consists of three dome structures 25 km wide and 65 km long with gentle dips of only few degrees. Faults have little throw and did not contribute to the trapping mechanism. The structural deformation may have been caused by halokinetic movements and most likely by basement block faulting that may have started in the Paleozoic. Greater Burgan was discovered in 1938. All production during the last 40 years has been by its natural pressure. Although natural gas injection has been carried out for some time, no waterflooding has been initiated yet. Recoverable reserves of the field are 87 billion bbl of oil. During the last 5 years giant reserves have been added in this field from the deeper strata of Jurassic age. Several deep wells have been drilled to the Permian for the purpose of discovering gas. So far, no Permian gas has been found in Kuwait. The Permian is 25,000 ft deep, and it is unlikely gas will be found there in the future. However, the potential of the Jurassic reservoirs will be a major target in the future. Also, there is a great possibility of discovering oil in stratigraphic traps, as several producing strata in the nearby fields pinch out on the flanks of this giant structure. Enhanced oil recovery should add significant reserves in the future.
Youash, Y.Y.
Petroleum resources of Libya, Algeria, and Egypt. Foreign energy supply assessment series
Part 1 of the report is a synopsis of each country's location, its exploration and development history, crude oil field production history, and markets. Part 2 discusses the production and reserve characteristics of the oil fields and status of the known crude oil resources. Part 3 provides an assessment of the ultimately recoverable crude oil and the possible future rate of availability of the crude oil. Part 4 discusses the status of the known and undiscovered natural gas resources, production, and markets. Part 5 is an overview of the petroleum geology of the three countries and the physical characteristics of their crude oils. Appendix A presents an annual resume of historical production by field and by basin for Libya; Appendix B shows the historical production by field and by basin for Algeria; Appendix C shows the historical production by field and by basin for Egypt; Appendix D provides production tables for each country. Data presented in Appendixes A through D are derived mostly from the April 1982 publication, Libya, Algeria and Egypt-Crude Oil Potential From Known Deposits DOE/EIA-0338, by William D. Dietzman, Naim R. Rafidi, and Thomas A. Ross. Appendix E is a geologic timetable.
NNSA Signs Memorandum with Kuwait to Increase Cooperation on Nuclear Safeguards and Nonproliferation
ScienceCinema (OSTI)
On June 23, 2010, the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) signed a Memorandum of Cooperation on nuclear safeguards and other nonproliferation topics with the Kuwait National Nuclear Energy Committee (KNNEC). NNSA Administrator Thomas D'Agostino and KNNEC's Secretary General, Dr. Ahmad Bishara, signed the memorandum at a ceremony at U.S. Department of Energy headquarters in Washington.
Thomas D'Agostino
Meeting report:Iraq oil ministry needs assessment workshop.3-5 Septemner 2006
Representatives from the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Nuclear Security Administration, and Sandia National Laboratories met with mid-level representatives from Iraq's oil and gas companies and with former employees and senior managers of Iraq's Ministry of Oil September 3-5 in Amman, Jordan. The goals of the workshop were to assess the needs of the Iraqi Oil Ministry and industry, to provide information about capabilities at DOE and the national laboratories relevant to Iraq, and to develop ideas for potential projects.
Littlefield, Adriane C.; Pregenzer, Arian Leigh
Iraq liquid radioactive waste tanks maintenance and monitoring program plan.
The purpose of this report is to develop a project management plan for maintaining and monitoring liquid radioactive waste tanks at Iraq's Al-Tuwaitha Nuclear Research Center. Based on information from several sources, the Al-Tuwaitha site has approximately 30 waste tanks that contain varying amounts of liquid or sludge radioactive waste. All of the tanks have been non-operational for over 20 years and most have limited characterization. The program plan embodied in this document provides guidance on conducting radiological surveys, posting radiation control areas and controlling access, performing tank hazard assessments to remove debris and gain access, and conducting routine tank inspections. This program plan provides general advice on how to sample and characterize tank contents, and how to prioritize tanks for soil sampling and borehole monitoring.
Dennis, Matthew L.; Cochran, John Russell; Sol Shamsaldin, Emad (Iraq Ministry of Science and Technology)
Sustainable water resources development in Kuwait : an integrated approach with comparative analysis of the case of Singapore
This thesis assesses the water resource status of Kuwait and Singapore, both countries considered as water scarce. The institutional aspect of Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) efforts in both countries is closely ...
Nazerali, Nasruddin A
Examining the influence of civilian casualties on insurgent attacks in Iraq
Although there have been several attempts to tabulate civilian casualties in the Iraq War, the effect of these casualties on the Iraqi population and insurgent organizations has not been thoroughly examined. From the ...
Karnis, Jessica Eve
Death before dismount? : mechanization, force employment, and counterinsurgency outcomes in Iraq
Recent research suggests that heavily mechanized armies perform worse in counterinsurgency campaigns than those that use fewer vehicles. The U.S. military's 2007 operations in Iraq, however, present an empirical quandary ...
Moyer, Raphael (Raphael E.)
An examination of the perceived need and recommended body of knowledge for architectural internship programs in Kuwait
AN EXAMINATION OF THE PERCEIVED NEED AND RECOMMENDED BODY OF KNOWLEDGE FOR ARCHITECTURAL INTERNSHIP PROGRAMS IN KUWAIT A Dissertation by MOHAMMAD ABDULLAH Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A... INTERNSHIP PROGRAMS IN KUWAIT A Dissertation by MOHAMMAD ABDULLAH Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Approved by: Chair...
Abdullah, Mohammad
Understanding Crude Oil Prices
Figure 5. Monthly oil production for Iran, Iraq, and Kuwait,day. Monthly crude oil production Iran Iraq Kuwait Figure 6.and the peak in U.S. oil production account for the broad
Hamilton, James Douglas
Sandia National Laboratories support of the Iraq Nuclear Facility Dismantlement and Disposal Program.
Because of past military operations, lack of upkeep and looting there are now enormous radioactive waste problems in Iraq. These waste problems include destroyed nuclear facilities, uncharacterized radioactive wastes, liquid radioactive waste in underground tanks, wastes related to the production of yellow cake, sealed radioactive sources, activated metals and contaminated metals that must be constantly guarded. Iraq currently lacks the trained personnel, regulatory and physical infrastructure to safely and securely manage these facilities and wastes. In 2005 the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) agreed to organize an international cooperative program to assist Iraq with these issues. Soon after, the Iraq Nuclear Facility Dismantlement and Disposal Program (the NDs Program) was initiated by the U.S. Department of State (DOS) to support the IAEA and assist the Government of Iraq (GOI) in eliminating the threats from poorly controlled radioactive materials. The Iraq NDs Program is providing support for the IAEA plus training, consultation and limited equipment to the GOI. The GOI owns the problems and will be responsible for implementation of the Iraq NDs Program. Sandia National Laboratories (Sandia) is a part of the DOS's team implementing the Iraq NDs Program. This report documents Sandia's support of the Iraq NDs Program, which has developed into three principal work streams: (1) training and technical consultation; (2) introducing Iraqis to modern decommissioning and waste management practices; and (3) supporting the IAEA, as they assist the GOI. Examples of each of these work streams include: (1) presentation of a three-day training workshop on 'Practical Concepts for Safe Disposal of Low-Level Radioactive Waste in Arid Settings;' (2) leading GOI representatives on a tour of two operating low level radioactive waste disposal facilities in the U.S.; and (3) supporting the IAEA's Technical Meeting with the GOI from April 21-25, 2008. As noted in the report, there was significant teaming between the various participants to best help the GOI. On-the-ground progress is the focus of the Iraq NDs Program and much of the work is a transfer of technical and practical skills and knowledge that Sandia uses day-to-day. On-the-ground progress was achieved in July of 2008 when the GOI began the physical cleanup and dismantlement of the Active Metallurgical Testing Laboratory (LAMA) facility at Al Tuwaitha, near Baghdad.
Cochran, John Russell; Danneels, Jeffrey John
Emission factors for particles, elemental carbon, and trace gases from the Kuwait oil fires
Emission factors are presented for particles, elemental carbon (i.e., soot), total organic carbon in particles and vapor, and for various trace gases from the 1991 Kuwait oil fires. Particle emissions accounted for {approximately} 2% of the fuel burned. In general, soot emission factors were substantially lower than those used in recent {open_quotes}nuclear winter{close_quotes} calculations. Differences in the emissions and appearances of some of the individual fires are discussed. Carbon budget data for the composite plumes from the Kuwait fires are summarized; most of the burned carbon in the plumes was in the form of CO{sub 2}. Fluxes are presented for several combustion products. 26 refs., 1 fig., 5 tabs.
Laursen, K.K.; Ferek, R.J.; Hobbs, P.V. [Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Rasmussen, R.A. [Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology, Beaverton, OR (United States)
Assessment of damage to the desert surfaces of Kuwait due to the Gulf War
This is a preliminary report on a joint research project by Boston University and the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research that commenced in April 1992. The project aim is to establish the extent and nature of environmental damage to the desert surface and coastal zone of Kuwait due to the Gulf War and its aftermath. Change detection image enhancement techniques were employed to enhance environmental change by comparison of Landsat Thematic Mapper images obtained before the wars and after the cessation of the oil and well fires. Higher resolution SPOT images were also utilized to evaluate the nature of the environmental damage to specific areas. The most prominent changes were due to: (1) the deposition of oil and course-grained soot on the desert surface as a result of oil rain'' from the plume that emanated from the oil well fires; (2) the formation of hundreds of oil lakes, from oil seepage at the damaged oil well heads; (3) the mobilization of sand and dust and (4) the pollution of segments of the coastal zone by the deposition of oil from several oil spills. Interpretation of satellite image data are checked in the field to confirm the observations, and to assess the nature of the damage. Final results will be utilized in establishing the needs for remedial action to counteract the harmful effects of the various types of damage to the environment of Kuwait.
El-Baz, F. (Boston Univ., MA (United States). Center for Remote Sensing); Al-Ajmi, D. (Kuwait Inst. for Scientific Research (Kuwait). Environmental and Earth Sciences Div.)
Measurement of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in the plume of Kuwait oil well fires
Following their retreat from Kuwait during February and March of 1991, the Iraqi Army set fire to over 500 oil wells dispersed throughout the Kuwait oil fields. During the period of sampling from July to August 1991, it was estimated that between 3.29 {times} 10{sup 6} barrels per day of crude oil were combusted. The resulting fires produced several plumes of black and white smoke that coalesced to form a composite ``super`` plume. Because these fires were uncontrolled, significant quantities of organic materials were dispersed into the atmosphere and drifted throughout the Middle East. The organic particulants associated with the plume of the oil well fires had a potential to be rich in polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds. Based on the extreme mutagenic and carcinogenic activities of PAHs found in laboratory testing, a serious health threat to the population of that region potentially existed. Furthermore, the Kuwait oil fire plumes represented a unique opportunity to study the atmospheric chemistry associated with PAHs in the plume. If samples were collected near the plume source and from the plume many kilometers downwind from the source, comparisons could be made to better understand atmospheric reactions associated with particle-bound and gas-phase PAHs. To help answer health-related concerns and to better understand the fate and transport of PAHs in an atmospheric environment, a sampling and analysis program was developed.
Olsen, K.B.; Wright, C.W.; Veverka, C. [Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States); Ball, J.C. [Ford Motor Co., Dearborn, MI (United States). Scientific Research Lab.; Stevens, R. [US Environmental Protection Agency (United States). Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment Lab.
Worry grows as Iran/Iraq war lingers
Despite the Iran/Iraq war and the prospect of greater disruption of Persian Gulf oil deliveries, the international crude market has adjusted to the loss of supplies and remains stable, partly because some nonwarring members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries have boosted production to make up losses and partly because the industrialized nations have maintained high levels of crude and product stocks. These stocks would be draw-depleted in nine months if used at the rate of 1.8 million bbl/day; this and a 2 million bbl/day increase in OPEC production would make up for the entire war-caused shortfall. If the Strait of Hormuz were closed, the shortfall would be 17 million bbl/day, which would deplete stocks in less than one month. Patterns of supply and demand in non-Communist western countries in 1978-79 and 1979-80; the International Energy Agency oil-sharing plan which would go into effect in the case of a major oil shortage; and the prospects for a surge in prices in the international oil markets, are discussed.
Plate 13. (a) The tidal stress-field produced by 1 of nonsynchronous rotation (Greenberg et al., 1998) shows a good fit to the loca-tions and orientations of several lineaments. The lineaments are numbered (1) Astypalaea, (2) Thynia, (3) Libya, (4) Agenor
are numbered (1) Astypalaea, (2) Thynia, (3) Libya, (4) Agenor, (5) Udaeus, and (6) Minos Lineae. A better fit
Kattenhorn, Simon
Mixed fluvial systems of Messak Sandstone, a deposit of Nubian lithofacies, southwestern Libya
The Messak Sandstone is a coarse to pebbly, tabular cross-bedded, Lower Cretaceous deposit of the widespread Nubian lithofacies. It was deposited at the northern edge of the Murzuq basin in southwestern Libya. Although the sedimentary record is predominantly one of braided fluvial systems, a common subfacies within the formation is interpreted to record the passage of straight-crested sand waves across laterally migrating point bars in sinuous rivers, similar to the pattern documented by Singh and Kumar on the modern Ganga and Yamuna Rivers. Because the sand waves were larger on the lower parts of the point bars, lateral migration created diagnostic thinning-upward, unidirectional cosets of tabular cross-beds as well as fining-upward, grain-size trends. Common, thick, interbedded claystones, deposited in associated paludal and lacustrine environments, and high variance in cross-bed dispersion patterns also suggest the local presence of sinuous fluvial systems within the overall braided regime. The Messak Sandstone contains some of the features that led Harms et al to propose an unconventional low-sinuosity fluvial environment for the Nubian lithofacies in Egypt, and the continuously high water levels of this model may explain channel-scale clay drapes and overturned cross-beds in the Messak. However, most of the Messak characteristics are incompatible with the low-sinuosity model, suggesting instead that the fluvial channels in the Murzuq basin alternated between braided and high-sinuosity patterns.
Lorenz, J.C.
Case study of a sabkha sedimentary environment: Mallahat al Bariquah, Libya
The importance of the sabkha sedimentary environment for formation and/or accumulation of hydrocarbons, salts, and various metalliferous mineral deposits has been recognized by many geologists. A sabkha in which sedimentation and the formation of salt deposits and hydrocarbons is in progress is located along the Mediterranean Sea coast, in northwestern Libya and northeastern Tunisia. The sabkha Mallahat al Bariquah was drilled in a regular grid at 1-km spacing; 63 holes have been completed. The sabkha and its vicinity were geologically mapped (1:20,000). Several hundred core and loose rock samples were thoroughly examined with regard to the lithology, mineralogy, paleontology, and chemical composition. The chemistry of brine from each drill hole and solar pan was determined. Three 24-hour pumping tests were performed, and the hydrogeological conditions of the sabkha were analyzed in detail. Economically valuable bedded salt reserves of 170,800,000 MT of NaCl were discovered and proven. Additionally, over 30 million MT of potassium, magnesium, and sodium salts including bromides are recoverable from the brine. Although marine-coastal sabkhas are common, the extensive scope of this study is unique. Mallahat al Bariquah sabkha is not unique with regard to its geographic, climatic, or sedimentary environments. Therefore, Mallahat al Bariquah can be considered as a model applicable in exploration for and study of similar sedimentary environments in other geographic regions and older geologic epochs.
Krason, J.
Onshore and offshore basins of northeast Libya: Their origin and hydrocarbon potential
A comprehensive data base of more than 3000 km of seismic lines, gravity and magnetic data, more than 30 subsurface well logs, and surface geology data were utilized to examine and interpret the sedimentary and tectonic history of the onshore and offshore parts of Northeast Libya and their hydrocarbon potential. The Dernah-Tobruk and Benghazi offshore basins form the northern parts of the study area. The Cyrenaica Stable Platform represents the southern parts. The Sirual Trough stretches E-W and opens into the Antelat Trough in the west. Between these elements is the uplifted areas of the Al Jabal Al Akhdar. Six principal tectonic phases were responsible for the formation and development of these structural elements: the pre-Mesozoic phase, the Triassic-Jurassic rifting phase, the Neocomian and the Aptian-Albian renewed rifting phases, the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene uplifting phase; and the Eocene-Middle Oligocene rifting phase. Oceanic crust of probable Aptian-Albian age is evident on the seismic lines north of the master fault marking the southern boundary of the rift separating the north African plate and Apulia. The western boundary of the Dernah High displayed clearly NE-SW strike-slip movement of these trajectories. Oceanic crust is also present west of the Dernah High. Positive gravity and magnetic anomalies traverse parallel to the boundary of this oceanic plate Mesogea. The prerequisites for commercial hydrocarbon production are present in abundance. Reservoirs ranging in age from Paleozoic clastics in the Cyrenaica Stable Platform to Mesozoic and Tertiary carbonates throughout the rest of the region. Several deep sites for the generation of hydrocarbons were also present, including the rifted northern parts of the Dernah-Tobruk basin, the Antelat Trough and the Cyrenaica Passive Margin. The Cretaceous and Tertiary section in the study area contain several potential seal rocks. Several potential trap types are also present.
Shegewi, O.M.
Radiative effects of the smoke clouds from the Kuwait oil fires
The radiative effects of the smoke from the Kuwait oil fires were assessed by measuring downwelling and upwelling solar flux, as well as spectral solar extinction beneath, above, and within the smoke plume. Seven radiation flight missions were undertaken between May 16 and June 2, 1991, to characterize the plume between the source region in Kuwait and approximately 200 km south, near Manama, Bahrain. The authors present results from one flight representative of conditions of the composite plume. On May 18, 1991, in a homogeneous, well-mixed region of smoke approximately 100 km downstream of the fires, visible optical depths as high as 2 were measured, at which time transmission to the surface was 8%, while 78% of the solar radiation was absorbed by the smoke. The calculated instantaneous heating rate inside the plume reached 24 K/d. While these effects are probably typical of those regions in the Persian Gulf area directly covered by the smoke, there is no evidence to suggest significant climatic effects in other regions. 13 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.
Pilewskie, P.; Valero, F.P.J. [NASA/Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA (United States)
Geological model of the Jurassic section in the State of Kuwait
Until the end of the seventies, the knowledge of Jurassic Geology in the State of Kuwait was very limited, since only one deep well was drilled and bottomed in the Triassic sediments. Few scattered wells partially penetrated the Jurassic sequence. During the eighties, appreciable number of wells were drilled through the Jurassic, and added a remarkable volume of information. consequently it was necessary to analyze the new data, in order to try to construct a geological model for the Jurassic in the State of Kuwait. This paper includes a number of isopach maps explaining the Jurassic depositional basin which also helps in trying to explain the Jurassic basin in the Arabian Gulf basin. Structural evolution of the Jurassic sequence indicated an inversion of relief when compared with the Cretaceous sequence. In fact, the main Cretaceous arches were sites of sedimentation troughs during the Jurassic period. This fact marks a revolution in the concepts for the Jurassic oil exploration. One of the very effective methods of the definition of the Jurassic structures is the isopaching of the Gotnia Formation. Najmah, Sargelu and Marrat Formations include the main Jurassic reservoirs which were detected as a result of the exploration activities during the eighties. Selective stratigraphic and structural cross sections have been prepared to demonstrate and explain the nature of the Jurassic sediments.
Yousif, S.; Nouman, G.
Implementation of Smart Operation Strategies for Air-Conditioning and Lighting Systems for Ministries Complex in the State of Kuwait
The smart operation strategies were implemented for Air-Conditioning (A/C) and lighting systems to reduce the national load at Ministries Complex (MC) in the state of Kuwait. The A/C system in MC is a district cooling system that comprises of 8...
Al-Mulla, A.; Maheshwari, G. P.; Al-Nakib, D.; Ishaqali, H.
Effects of Parental Deployment on Children During Wartime: A comparison of World War Two and the Iraq/Afghanistan War
An overview of the experiences of children and parents during deployment of a parent to military service in Iraq or Afghanistan. Based on a search of the literature and a small number of interviews with parents on the homefront.
Hess, Juliana
The UNIVERSITY of NORTH CAROLINA at CHARLOTTE An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer
, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Former Liberian Regime of Charles Taylor, Libya, North Korea, Somalia, Sudan, Afghanistan, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Haiti, Libya, Vietnam, Somalia, and Sri Lanka. Please contact
Howitt, Ivan
Radioactive Waste Management and Nuclear Facility Decommissioning Progress in Iraq - 13216
Management of Iraq's radioactive wastes and decommissioning of Iraq's former nuclear facilities are the responsibility of Iraq's Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST). The majority of Iraq's former nuclear facilities are in the Al-Tuwaitha Nuclear Research Center located a few kilometers from the edge of Baghdad. These facilities include bombed and partially destroyed research reactors, a fuel fabrication facility and radioisotope production facilities. Within these facilities are large numbers of silos, approximately 30 process or waste storage tanks and thousands of drums of uncharacterised radioactive waste. There are also former nuclear facilities/sites that are outside of Al-Tuwaitha and these include the former uranium processing and waste storage facility at Jesira, the dump site near Adaya, the former centrifuge facility at Rashdiya and the former enrichment plant at Tarmiya. In 2005, Iraq lacked the infrastructure needed to decommission its nuclear facilities and manage its radioactive wastes. The lack of infrastructure included: (1) the lack of an organization responsible for decommissioning and radioactive waste management, (2) the lack of a storage facility for radioactive wastes, (3) the lack of professionals with experience in decommissioning and modern waste management practices, (4) the lack of laws and regulations governing decommissioning or radioactive waste management, (5) ongoing security concerns, and (6) limited availability of electricity and internet. Since its creation eight years ago, the MoST has worked with the international community and developed an organizational structure, trained staff, and made great progress in managing radioactive wastes and decommissioning Iraq's former nuclear facilities. This progress has been made, despite the very difficult implementing conditions in Iraq. Within MoST, the Radioactive Waste Treatment and Management Directorate (RWTMD) is responsible for waste management and the Iraqi Decommissioning Directorate (IDD) is responsible for decommissioning activities. The IDD and the RWTMD work together on decommissioning projects. The IDD has developed plans and has completed decommissioning of the GeoPilot Facility in Baghdad and the Active Metallurgical Testing Laboratory (LAMA) in Al-Tuwaitha. Given this experience, the IDD has initiated work on more dangerous facilities. Plans are being developed to characterize, decontaminate and decommission the Tamuz II Research Reactor. The Tammuz Reactor was destroyed by an Israeli air-strike in 1981 and the Tammuz II Reactor was destroyed during the First Gulf War in 1991. In addition to being responsible for managing the decommissioning wastes, the RWTMD is responsible for more than 950 disused sealed radioactive sources, contaminated debris from the first Gulf War and (approximately 900 tons) of naturally-occurring radioactive materials wastes from oil production in Iraq. The RWTMD has trained staff, rehabilitated the Building 39 Radioactive Waste Storage building, rehabilitated portions of the French-built Radioactive Waste Treatment Station, organized and secured thousands of drums of radioactive waste organized and secured the stores of disused sealed radioactive sources. Currently, the IDD and the RWTMD are finalizing plans for the decommissioning of the Tammuz II Research Reactor. (authors)
Al-Musawi, Fouad; Shamsaldin, Emad S.; Jasim, Hadi [Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST), Al-Jadraya, P.O. Box 0765, Baghdad (Iraq)] [Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST), Al-Jadraya, P.O. Box 0765, Baghdad (Iraq); Cochran, John R. [Sandia National Laboratories1, New Mexico, Albuquerque New Mexico 87185 (United States)] [Sandia National Laboratories1, New Mexico, Albuquerque New Mexico 87185 (United States)
Chain-aggregate aerosols in smoke from the Kuwait oil fires
Electrooptical scattering was used to detect aggregated particle chains in the smoke from the Kuwait oil fires. Nonsphericity was detected by the change in light scattering brought about by induced alignment of particles when subjected to a pulsed, bipolar electric field. Measured parameters included the steady state enhancement of light scattering for complete orientation of the particles, and the rotational diffusion constant, calculated from the time required for the particles to relax to a random orientation after the electric field was removed. Chain aggregates of soot formed within seconds of combustion for those fires producing black smoke. These aggregates agglomerated to some extent in the smoke near the fires, but then remained relatively unchanged for several hours of travel downwind. Very little nonsphericity was detected for particles in the plume of white smoke, which consisted primarily of salt brine products emitted along with the oil. 10 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.
Weiss, R.E. [Radiance Research, Inc., Seattle, WA (United States); Kapustin, V.N. [Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Moscow (Russian Federation); Hobbs, P.V. [Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
An approach to predict tarmat breakdown in Minagish Reservoir in Kuwait
Minagish Oolite reservoir, Minagish Field in Kuwait is characterized by tarmat presence at the oil-water contact. A water flooding project is planned for the reservoir. This paper discusses the possibility of tarmat break-down upon water injection below it. It was found that differential pressure at tarmat would be mainly due to water injection and that differential pressure due to oil production would be negligible. This paper suggests a technique to predict tarmat break-down time, response time at the nearest producer or observation well and the time at which water injection should be switched from below tarmat to above it. Also, the technique could be used to predict the differential pressure at tarmat anywhere in the reservoir.
Osman, M.E.
Petroleum prices and profits in the 90 days following the invasion of Kuwait
For the third in the past 20 years the world has experienced an interruption in the flow of oil from the Persian Gulf. The Iraqi invasion of Kuwait on August 2, 1990, and shut down of Kuwait oil production capacity followed by the United Nations boycott of Iraqi oil removed 8 percent of the world's oil supply. The result was a sharp increase in the process of crude oil and petroleum products. These events raised numerous questions about the performance of energy markets and energy firms. This report supplies a first answer for some of those questions. At the time this report was prepared the invasion has been in effect for 90 days. Not all the data is available to fully answer every question. Some issues can only be completely resolved after more time has passed in which the invasion and its effects have had an opportunity to be fully assimilated. This report was specifically requested by W. Henson Moore, Deputy Secretary of Energy as a way of supplying the American public with what could be said about the current situation. Rumors abound and mixconceptions have proliferated. This report strives to give a proper perspective on some of the more vexing issues which the invasion produced. The Energy Information Administration (EIA) has addressed many questions in this report. By the way of summary these are the 10 most most frequently asked questions and EIA's quick answers. The page references tell the reader where to look in the report for further explanation. These are not the only issues addressed and EIA hopes that readers will be able to satisfy their curiosity about their own questions within the pages of this report.
E-Print Network 3.0 - asmara district eritrea Sample Search Results
1, 2011) Summary: Colombia East Timor Eritrea Ethiopia Haiti Iran Iraq - Kurdish Region Ivory Coast Lebanon Libya Saudi Source: Warkentin, Ian G. - Department of Biology, Memorial...
Time to pull out. And not just from Iraq. -Print Version -International Herald Tribune http://www.iht.com/bin/print_ipub.php?file=/articles/2005/07/15/opinion/eddeutch.php
Time to pull out. And not just from Iraq. - Print Version - International Herald Tribune http://www.iht.com/bin/print_ipub.php?file=/articles/2005/07/15/opinion/eddeutch.php Time to pull out. And not just from Iraq. John Deutch The New York from Iraq. - Print Version - International Herald Tribune http://www.iht.com/bin/print_ipub.php
Deutch, John
Composition analyses of size-resolved aerosol samples taken from aircraft downwind of Kuwait, Spring 1991
Analyses are reported for eight aerosol samples taken from the National Center for Atmospheric Research Electra typically 200 to 250 km downwind of Kuwait between May 19 and June 1, 1991. Aerosols were separated into fine (D{sub p} < 2.5 {mu}m) and coarse (2.5 < D{sub p} 10 {mu}m) particles for optical, gravimetric, X ray and nuclear analyses, yielding information on the morphology, mass, and composition of aerosols downwind of Kuwait. The mass of coarse aerosols ranged between 60 and 1971 {mu}g/m{sup 3} and, while dominated by soil derived aerosols, contained considerable content of sulfates and salt (NaCl) and soot in the form of fluffy agglomerates. The mass of fine aerosols varied between 70 and 785 {mu}g/m{sup 3}, of which about 70% was accounted for via compositional analyses performed in vacuum. While most components varied greatly from flight to flight, organic matter and fine soils each accounted for about 1/4 of the fine mass, while salt and sulfates contributed about 10% and 7%, respectively. The Cl/S ratios were remarkably constant, 2.4 {+-} 1.2 for coarse particles and 2.0 {+-} 0.2 for fine particles, with one flight deleted in each case. Vanadium, when observed, ranged from 9 to 27 ng/m{sup 3}, while nickel ranged from 5 to 25 ng/m{sup 3}. In fact, fine sulfates, vanadium, and nickel occurred in levels typical of Los Angeles, California, during summer 1986. The V/Ni ratio, 1.7 {+-} 0.4, was very similar to the ratios measured in fine particles from combusted Kuwaiti oil, 1.4 {+-} 0.9. Bromine, copper, zinc, and arsenic/lead were also observed at levels between 2 and 190 ng/m{sup 3}. The presence of massive amounts of fine, typically alkaline soils in the Kuwaiti smoke plumes significantly modified their behavior and probably mitigated their impacts, locally and globally. 16 refs., 1 fig., 3 tabs.
Cahill, T.A.; Wilkinson, K. [Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); Schnell, R. [National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States)
Cultural Heritage in the Crosshairs: Protecting Cultural Property during Conflict provides case studies of Cultural
Protection. Dr. Kila, has undertaken cultural rescue missions in Iraq, Macedonia, Egypt and Libya: The Case of Iraq" by B. Isakhan Chapter 12: "A Report on Archaeological Site Stability and Security
Control Policy--CCL Based Controls Part 742-page 1 Export Administration Regulations October 1, 2001
, Iraq, Iran, and the Bosnian Serb- controlled areas of Bosnia-Herzegovina This part does not cover (Cuba, Libya, Iraq, Iran and the Bosnian-Serb controlled areas of Bosnia
Bernstein, Daniel
Daily dispersion model calculations of the Kuwait oil fire smoke plume
The Atmospheric Release Advisory Capability (ARAC) provided daily forecasts of the position and spatial character of the Kuwait oil fire smoke plume to the NSF-coordinated research aircraft missions in the Persian Gulf. ARAC also provided daily plume dispersion products to various nations in the Persian Gulf region under the auspices of the World Meteorological Organization for a period of nearly 5 months. Forecasted three dimensional winds were provided to ARAC from the US Air Force Global Weather Central's Relocatable Wind Model (RWM). The RWM winds were spaced approximately 90 km in the horizontal and were located at the surface, 1000 ft., 2000 ft, 5000 ft and every 5000 ft up to 30,000 ft elevation. The forecast periods were 0, 6, 24, and 36 hours from both 0000 and 1200 UTC. A wind field model (MATHEW) corrected for terrain influences on the wind. The smoke plume was dispersed using a three dimensional particle-in-cell code (ADPIC) with buoyant plume rise capability. Multiple source locations were used to represent the burning oil fields. Improved estimates of the source term and emission factors for the smoke were incorporated into the ADPIC calculations as the field measurement data were made available.
Ellis, J.S.; Foster, C.S.; Foster, K.T.; Sullivan, T.J. (Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (United States)); Baskett, R.L.; Nasstrom, J.S.; Schalk, W.W. III (EG and G Energy Measurements, Inc., Pleasanton, CA (United States)); Greenly, G.D. (IT Corp., Irvine, CA (United States))
The Atmospheric Release Advisory Capability (ARAC) provided daily forecasts of the position and spatial character of the Kuwait oil fire smoke plume to the NSF-coordinated research aircraft missions in the Persian Gulf. ARAC also provided daily plume dispersion products to various nations in the Persian Gulf region under the auspices of the World Meteorological Organization for a period of nearly 5 months. Forecasted three dimensional winds were provided to ARAC from the US Air Force Global Weather Central`s Relocatable Wind Model (RWM). The RWM winds were spaced approximately 90 km in the horizontal and were located at the surface, 1000 ft., 2000 ft, 5000 ft and every 5000 ft up to 30,000 ft elevation. The forecast periods were 0, 6, 24, and 36 hours from both 0000 and 1200 UTC. A wind field model (MATHEW) corrected for terrain influences on the wind. The smoke plume was dispersed using a three dimensional particle-in-cell code (ADPIC) with buoyant plume rise capability. Multiple source locations were used to represent the burning oil fields. Improved estimates of the source term and emission factors for the smoke were incorporated into the ADPIC calculations as the field measurement data were made available.
Ellis, J.S.; Foster, C.S.; Foster, K.T.; Sullivan, T.J. [Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (United States); Baskett, R.L.; Nasstrom, J.S.; Schalk, W.W. III [EG and G Energy Measurements, Inc., Pleasanton, CA (United States); Greenly, G.D. [IT Corp., Irvine, CA (United States)
Dynamical and radiative response to the massive injection of aerosol from Kuwait oil burning fires
The effects of the injection of large amount of soot comparable to that produced in the burning of oil wells in Kuwait were studied using a 2-D mesoscale model. During the three day numerical simulation the ground-atmosphere system appears to be strongly perturbed. A surface cooling is produced in the first two days above and downwind of the sources. The cooling, between -10 C over the desert and -0.5 C over the sea is dependent on the surface characteristics. The temperature decrease at the ground results in a stratified troposphere which inhibits convection and perturbs the normal diurnal variability of the boundary layer while the upper levels are driven by the radiative warming of the aerosol layer. In this region after few hours the simulation produces a warming of 0.8 C reaching a maximum of 6 C is after 60 hours. During the last 2 days of simulation the long wave radiation emitted by the low altitude atmospheric layers contribute to mitigate the surface cooling. A detailed discussion of the radiative and the dynamical interactions is given and it is shown that beside the specific interest in the short term effects these results may be useful to parameterize the smoke source for a General Circulation Model (GCM) simulation.
Ferretti, R.; Visconti, G. [Univ. L`Aquila (Italy)
Oil and economic development in OPEC countries, with case studies about Iraq and Algeria
This dissertation examines the impact of the increase in oil prices in 1973 and thereafter on economic development in the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in general, and in Iraq and Algeria in particular. It attempts to investigate the extent to which these countries have succeeded in utilizing oil revenues to achieve their projected goals: diversification of their economies in order to reduce dependence on exporting crude oil which is an exhaustible resource; and acceleration of the rate of growth of the non-oil sector in order to increase its contribution to GDP and foreign-exchange earnings as well as to maintain the growth of the economy in the post-oil age. While the increase in oil revenues greatly reduced the capital constraint to growth, it did not remove all other constraints at the same time. Thus, bottlenecks in transportation, institutions, skilled labor, raw and construction materials remained important obstacles. According to the criteria used by this study to judge the performance of the Iraqi and the Algerian economies after 1973, both countries did quite well. However, one of the findings about Iraq is that while the rate of growth of real per capita GDP accelerated after 1973, the rate of growth of real per capita non-oil GDP did not. Algeria succeeded in diversifying her economy, since the rate of growth of non-oil GDP accelerated after 1973, compared to the earlier period.
Al-Khalil, M.A.
Assessment of the histopathological lesions and chemical analysis of feral cats to the smoke from the Kuwait oil fires
Twenty-six adult or subadult feral cats were collected from Kuwait approximately 8 months after the ignition of the Kuwait oil wells. These animals were obtained from two sources: 12 animals from Kuwait City, a relatively smoke-free area, and 14 from the city of Ahmadi, an area with heavy smoke. Animals were euthanized and a complete set of tissues consisting of all major organs was taken for histopathology. Samples of lung, liver, kidney, urine, and blood were also taken for toxicology. Histopathological lesions observed in the lung were mild accumulations of anthracotic pigment in the lungs of 17 cats. Hyperplasia of the bronchial and bronchiolar gland in 8 cats, and smooth muscle hyperplasia of bronchioles in 14 cats. Tracheal gland hyperplasia was observed in 7 cats, and minimal squamous metaplasia of the tracheal mucosa in 17 cats, Laryngeal lesions consisted of submucosal gland hyperplasia in 2 cats and squamous metaplasia of the mucosa in 5 cats. Hyperplasia of the nasal submucosal glands was observed in 6 animals. The pharyngeal mucosa as well as other organs and organ systems were normal in all cats. Atomic absorption analysis for 11 metals was performed; vanadium and nickel levels (two metals that were present in the smoke from the oil fires) are not indicative of substantial exposure to the oil fires. Based on the histopathological findings and toxicological analysis, it is felt that inhalation of air contaminated with smoke from the oil fires had little or no long-term effect on the animals examined. 36 refs., 3 figs., 7 tabs.
Moeller, R.B. Jr.; Dick, E.J.; Pletcher, J.M. [Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC (United States)] [and others
Assessment of the histopathological lesions and chemical analysis of feral cats to the smoke from Kuwait oil fires
Twenty-six adult or subadult feral cats were collected from Kuwait approximately 8 months after the ignition of the Kuwait oil wells. These animals were obtained from two sources: 12 animals from Kuwait City, a relatively Co smoke-free area, and 14 from the city of Alimadi, an area with heavy smoke. Animals were euthanized and a complete set of tissues consisting of all 0 major organs was taken for histopathology. Samples of lung, liver, kidney, urine, and blood were also taken for toxicology. Histopathological lesions observed in the lung were mild accumulations of anthracotic pigment in the lungs of 17 cats. Hyperplasia of the bronchial and bronchiolar gland in 8 cats, and smooth muscle hyperplasia of bronchioles in 14 cats. Iracheal gland hyperplasia was observed in 7 cats, and minimal squamous metaplasia of the tracheal mucosa in 17 cats, Laryngeal lesions consisted of submucosal gland hyperplasia in 2 cats and squamous metaplasia of the mucosa in 5 cats. Hyperplasia of the nasal submucosal glands was observed in 6 animals. The pharyngeal mucosa as well as other organs and organ systems (a) were normal in all cats. Atomic absorption analysis for 11 metals was performed; vanadium and nickel levels (two metals that were present in the smoke from the oil fires) are not indicative of substantial exposure to the oil fires. Based on the histopathological findings and toxicological analysis, it is felt that inhalation of air contaminated with smoke from the oil fires had little or no long-term effect on the animals examined.
Moeller, R.B.; Kalasinsky, V.F.; Razzaque, M.; Centeno, J.A.; Dick, E.J.
Pacific Northwest Laboratory Gulfstream I measurements of the Kuwait oil-fire plume, July--August 1991
In 1991, the Pacific Northwest Laboratory conducted a series of aircraft measurements to determine pollutant and radiative properties of the smoke plume from oil fires in Kuwait. This work was sponsored by the US Department emanating of Energy, in cooperation with several other agencies as part of an extensive effort coordinated by the World Meteorological Organization, to obtain a comprehensive data set to assess the characteristics of the plume and its environmental impact. This report describes field measurement activities and introduces the various data collected, but provides only limited analyses of these data. Results of further data analyses will be presented in subsequent open-literature publications.
Busness, K.M.; Hales, J.M.; Hannigan, R.V.; Thorp, J.M.; Tomich, S.D.; Warren, M.J. (Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)); Al-Sunaid, A.A. (Saudi ARAMCO, Dhahran (Saudi Arabia)); Daum, P.H.; Mazurek, M. (Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States))
The thermal maturation degree of organic matter from source rocks revealed by wells logs including examples from Murzuk Basin, Libya
The customary technique used to know the organic matter quantity per rock volume it as well as the organic matter maturation stage is based on geochemical analyses accomplished on a preselected number of samples and cuttings drawn from boreholes during the drilling period. But the same objectives can be approached without any extra cost using the continuous measurements of well logs recorded in each well from the ground surface to the total depth. During the diagenetic stage, the identification of potential source rocks out of which no hydrocarbon have been generated may be carried out using a well logging suite including Gamma Ray Spectrometry, the Compensated Neutron/Litho Density combination and a Dual Induction/Sonic Log. During the catagenetic stage the onset of oil generation brings some important changes in the organic matter structure as well as in the fluid distribution throughout the pore space of source rocks. The replacement of electric conductive water by electric non-conductive hydrocarbons, together with water and oil being expelled from source rocks represent a process of different intensities dependent of time/temperature geohistory and kerogen type. The different generation and expulsion scenarios of hydrocarbons taking place during the catagenetic and metagenetic stages of source rocks are very well revealed by Induction and Laterolog investigations. Several crossplots relating vitrinite reflectance, total organic carbon and log-derived physical parameters are illustrated and discussed. The field applications are coming from Murzuk Basin, where Rompetrol of Libya is operating.
Negoita, V.; Gheorghe, A.
International reserves management and the current account
Guyana Indonesia Jordan Kazakhstan Kyrgyz Republic Laoof Iraq Jamaica Jordan Kazakhstan Macedonia, FYR MaldivesJamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Korea Kuwait Kyrgyz
Aizenman, Joshua
IS OPEC'S ALLOCATION OF CRUDE OIL PRODUCTION EFFICIENT? (Bachelor Thesis in Economics); IS OPEC?S ALLOCATION OF CRUDE OIL PRODUCTION EFFICIENT? (Bachelor Thesis in Economics).
?? The foundation of OPEC (Organization of Oil Exporting Countries) was laid in the early 1960?s by the five major oil exporters, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait,� (more)
ud din, Fateh; hazar, Hazal
--No Title--
No data reported. W Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 1 Includes Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Neutral Zone, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates....
to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 3 Free on Board. See Glossary. 1 Includes Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Neutral Zone, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates....
of individual company data. a Free on Board. See Glossary. b Includes Baharain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Neutral Zone, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates. c Includes...
Table 25. Landed Costs of Imported Crude Oil by Selected Country
W Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. a Includes Baharain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Neutral Zone, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates. b Includes...
W Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. a Includes Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates. b Includes Algeria,...
W Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 1 Includes Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates. 2 Includes Algeria,...
of individual company data. a Free on Board. See Glossary. b Includes Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates. c Includes Algeria,...
of individual company data. (1) Free on Board. See Glossary. (2) Includes Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates. (3) Includes Algeria,...
Best Practices and Tools for Large-scale Deployment of Renewable...
www.escwa.un.orginformationpublicationsedituploadsdpd-09-TP3.pdf Country: Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, United Arab...
Increasing the Competitiveness of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises...
www.escwa.un.orginformationpublicationsedituploadsdpd-09-5.pdf Country: Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, United Arab...
An evaluation of acid frac/matrix stimulation of a tight limestone formation in exploratory wells in Kuwait
With the advent of Kuwait's intensive exploratory activities to locate and test deeper geologic structures, tighter and very low porosity limestone formations were progressively encountered. Most of these hydrocarbon bearing formations initially appeared to be very stubborn and hardly indicated any fluid influx into the well-bore. In certain cases the hydrostatic head was nearly completely removed by unloading the well practically down to perforations, thereby creating optimum draw-down but it either resulted in poor inflow or none at all. In the absence of currently available chemicals, equipment, job design engineering and better understanding of tight carbonate formations and their responses to various acid formulations, some of these could have slipped into unattractive categories. With the implementation of specially designed matrix and acid-frac treatments, these formation have, however, been unmasked and turned out to be highly potential finds now. This paper basically outlines the salient features of theoretical and operational aspects of stimulating and testing some of the very low porosity hard limestone formations in Kuwait recently.
Singh, J.R.
The post-war Middle East
The Middle East remains today the global energy fulcrum. One year after the Persian Gulf war, the region is in greater turmoil and political uncertainty than it has known in modern times. The Iraqi invasion of Kuwait and subsequent external military intervention forced neighboring states to question the need for a foreign military presence in the future. The rift between the secular revolutionary states in the region led by Iraq, Libya, Yemen, Algeria, and Syria and the traditional monarchy of Saudi Arabia and the emirates of the gulf has widened. Egypt provides, at present, an uncomfortable bridge. The balance of political forces may be shifting. This paper attempts to answer the following questions: Where will we see the new leadership in the Middle East Will it again play a role through the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries and determination of the oil price in shaping the structure of global energy supply and demand
Tempest, P.
A Study to Assess Needed Improvements and Barriers in Planning and Delivering Agricultural Extension Activities in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
The purpose of this study was to assess planning and delivering agricultural extension activities in the Kurdistan region of Iraq for future program implementation. The study was a descriptive research and used a modified Delphi technique...
Khoshnaw, Yousif Khalid
Homeland Security), and Energy producing sectors (Oil andOil Futures During the Gulf Crisis .. Figure 3.1: The Saddam Security andoil prices, investment opportunities in Iraq, government spending on the military, transportation, reconstruction, and private security (and
Coalition of the Leaving: What Caused the Disintegration of the Multi-National Force in Iraq (2003-2009)
and the withdrawal of the various allies. In contrast, the topic has been understudied in the academic community. Most of the 1 Portugal and Spain Vow to Boost Ties Despite Differences in Iraq, AFP, May 4 2004. 2 research about the �Coalition of the Willing� (CW... 56-108 Chapter 4: Italy in the Coalition of the Willing 109-139 Chapter 5: Denmark in the Coalition of the Willing 140-170 Chapter 6: Bulgaria in the Coalition...
Cantir, Cristian
Enhanced Operation Strategies for Air-Conditioning and Lighting Systems Toward Peak Power Reduction for an Office Building in Kuwait
Enhanced?Operation?Strategies?for?Air? Conditioning?and?Lighting? Systems?Toward?Peak?Power?Reduction? for?an?Office?Building?in?Kuwait F. Alghimlas A. Al-Mulla G.P. Maheshwari D. Al-Nakib Building and Energy Technologies Department...?Increase?in?Power?and?Energy? 6160 6450 6750 7250 7480 7750 8400 8900 9070 9710 27.0 27.5 29.3 31.1 33.1 35.6 37.9 41.6 42.6 45.2 25 30 35 40 45 50 5500 6500 7500 8500 9500 10500 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Y e a r l y E...
Alghimlas, F.; Al-Mulla, A.; Maheshwari, G.P.; Al-Nakib, D.
Increased frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in peripheral blood lymphocytes of U.S. troops deployed in Kuwait
Concern over potential exposure of U.S. troops to genotoxic emissions generated in oil well fires prompted a Biologic Surveillance Initiative to examine levels of genetic damage in a cohort of troops deployed in Kuwait. Blood was drawn from members of the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment on June 6, 1991 while they were stationed in Germany (PRE, n=61), on August 11, 1991 after being deployed in Kuwait (DURING, n=51) and again on October 10, 1991 after returning to Germany (POST, n=36). Cells were cultured for 68-72 hours in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum, 1% phytohemagglutinin and 10 {mu}g/ml 5-bromo-2`-deoxyuridine. Metaphase cells were prepared by standard techniques and stained with Hoechst 33258 plus Giemsa to visualize SCE. Whenever possible, a total of 25 well-spread and well-stained cells were evaluated for each individual. Only 26 soldiers had values available for all three sampling points. Data on 50 soldiers was available for PRE and DURING sampling while data on 35 samples was available for a PRE vs POST comparison. The average frequency of SCE/cell increased from 4.33 {plus_minus} 0.53 in the PRE samples to 5.12 {plus_minus} 0.64 in the DURING samples to 5.28 {plus_minus} 0.72 in the POST samples. The PRE values were significantly different from both the DURING and POST values (p<0.001) using the paired t-test. While these results suggest that this cohort was potentially exposed to genotoxic materials, the source of the exposure(s) is presently not known.
McDiarmid, M.A. Kolodner, K. [John Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States); Scott, B.G. [Army Environmental Hygiene Agency, Aberdeen, MD (United States)] [and others
Saudi Arabia Afghanistan
India Iran Saudi Arabia Pakistan Yemen Iraq Oman Somalia Afghanistan Ethiopia United Arab Emirates Oman China Turkmenistan Turkey Tajikistan United Arab Emirates Kuwait Qatar Uzbekistan Eritrea Bahrain 02858 00707 #12;Iran Saudi Arabia Oman Pakistan AfghanistanIraq Yemen United Arab Emirates Kuwait Qatar
Russell, Lynn
Palynostratigraphy of northeast Libya
Although significant amount of palynostratigraphic data relating to sections of various ages from different parts of North Africa were available, no formal proposal for an integrated comprehensive zonation applicable throughout the region existed. As the result of an 8-year program of research sponsored by Arabian Gulf Oil Co., (AGOCO) and carried out in cooperation with Garyounis University Research Centre and members of the Commission Internationale de Microflore du Paleozoique and AGOCO staff, a proposal has been presented for a formal palynostratigraphic zonation scheme which extends from the Ordovician to the Lower Cretaceous. The study based on both core and cutting samples form a large number of wells in Cyrenaica establishes a series of assemblage range zones with nominated zonal taxa. This scheme not only facilitates more accurate correlation within the Libyan region but also provides a formal basis for more precise assessment of intra-basin correlation within the North Africa and the opportunity to determine the extent of palaeolatitudinal variation between North Africa and the standard reference sections in northwest Europe.
Assessing world energy in the wake of the Iran/Iraq war: an oil shortage proves elusive. [Monograph
A reassessment of world energy supplies was made in the wake of curtailed exports during the Iran/Iraq war and the corresponding increase in world oil prices, the drop in oil consumption, the widening economic recession, and US decontrol of oil. The report concludes that present worldwide levels of oil production are adequate to satisfy projected levels of consumption through 1981. This leaves the world energy system in balance even if oil exports from Iran and Iraq remain at minimal levels for the year. Past overestimation of demand makes it more likely that this year's consumption will fall short of the projection. The way in which Saudi Arabia's output is cut will be the key to oil pricing in 1981, the authors feel, but the likely approach will be a gradual reduction in production that will allow the Saudis to regain control of OPEC. The effects of a receding demand for oil have been intensified by high US interest rates and the spreading recession. The effect of immediate decontrol of petroleum is likely to compound the trend for reduced consumption and a corresponding increase in efficiency. 2 figures, 2 tables.
Randol, W.L.; Verleger, P.K. Jr.; Clayman, M.
Groundwater monitoring program plan and conceptual site model for the Al-Tuwaitha Nuclear Research Center in Iraq.
The Radiation Protection Center of the Iraqi Ministry of Environment is developing a groundwater monitoring program (GMP) for the Al-Tuwaitha Nuclear Research Center located near Baghdad, Iraq. The Al-Tuwaitha Nuclear Research Center was established in about 1960 and is currently being cleaned-up and decommissioned by Iraq's Ministry of Science and Technology. This Groundwater Monitoring Program Plan (GMPP) and Conceptual Site Model (CSM) support the Radiation Protection Center by providing:A CSM describing the hydrogeologic regime and contaminant issues,recommendations for future groundwater characterization activities, anddescriptions of the organizational elements of a groundwater monitoring program. The Conceptual Site Model identifies a number of potential sources of groundwater contamination at Al-Tuwaitha. The model also identifies two water-bearing zones (a shallow groundwater zone and a regional aquifer). The depth to the shallow groundwater zone varies from approximately 7 to 10 meters (m) across the facility. The shallow groundwater zone is composed of a layer of silty sand and fine sand that does not extend laterally across the entire facility. An approximately 4-m thick layer of clay underlies the shallow groundwater zone. The depth to the regional aquifer varies from approximately 14 to 17 m across the facility. The regional aquifer is composed of interfingering layers of silty sand, fine-grained sand, and medium-grained sand. Based on the limited analyses described in this report, there is no severe contamination of the groundwater at Al-Tuwaitha with radioactive constituents. However, significant data gaps exist and this plan recommends the installation of additional groundwater monitoring wells and conducting additional types of radiological and chemical analyses.
Copland, John Robin; Cochran, John Russell
THE HUMAN ANIMAL Unlearning what nature
on the Iraqi border in 1991 precisely because Kuwait had oil that Iraq coveted. But knowing that war common triggers are the desires or needs for territory, resources, or mates. Ants are a well
Starks, Philip
Hassan B. Diab Vice President,
EGYPT IRAQ JORDAN KUWAIT LEBANON OMAN QATAR SAUDI ARABIA SUDAN SYRIA UNITED ARAB EMIRATES WEST BANK SYRIA UNITED ARAB EMIRATES WEST BANK YEMEN 2008-09 Annual Activity Report #12;2 Acknowledgement The 2008
Shihadeh, Alan
per day. Monthly crude oil production Iran Iraq KuwaitEIA Table 1.2, �OPEC Crude Oil Production (Excluding Lease2008, from EIA, �Crude Oil Production. � Figure 16. U.S.
Middle Cretaceous (Cenomanian Ostracoda from the Wasia Formation of Saudi Arabia
producers of oil in of wells from which ostracodes were recovered. Fig. 1. Location 38� 39� 2 The University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions�Paper 108 Bahrain, Kuwait, and Iraq. (For more strat- igraphic details see Powers and other, 1966; Powers... producers of oil in of wells from which ostracodes were recovered. Fig. 1. Location 38� 39� 2 The University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions�Paper 108 Bahrain, Kuwait, and Iraq. (For more strat- igraphic details see Powers and other, 1966; Powers...
Al-Furiah, A. A. F.
US defensive operations against Libya and the nuclear accident at Chernobyl. Markup before the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, Ninety-Ninth Congress, Second Session on H. Res. 424 and H. Res 440, May 1, 1986
The House Foreign Affairs Committee met to mark up two resolutions: H. Res. 424 and H. Res. 440. H. Res. 424 thanks the United Kingdom for its assistance in the April 14, 1986 operation against Libya. Despite objections to the raid and to including the British, as well as questions about the quality of the US response and about the President's compliance with the Constitution and the War Powers Resolution, the resolution passed. H. Res. 440 expresses sympathy to the victims of the Chernobyl accident and asks the Soviet Union to relax restrictions on communications and the transfer of whatever technology and assistance will be helpful. It also criticizes the Soviet handling of information about the accident. An amendment strengthened the wording of the criticism, and the resolution passed. The report includes the committee discussion and the tests of the two resolutions.
Research Article Evaluation of changes in the Kuwaiti prawn fishery
. Introduction Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990. The Iraqis released 68 million barrels of crude oil into the Arabian and 500 km of coastline were covered by oil (Al-Yamani et al., 1993). The Iraqis also set 604 of Kuwait's oil wells on fire (Al-Awadi, 1992). The oil well fires lasted for eight months, and the conse- quent
Chen, Yong
The economic development of Libya
This book focuses on the development of the Libyan economy over the last decade. The book surveys both the structural developments in the Libyan economy and the experience of the individual sectors. It considers the potential for industrial development and the prospects for agriculture both in terms of natural resources and political commitments. The book also examines developments in the service sector especially banking.
Khader, B.; El-Wifati, B.
Exposure to particle-bound polyaromatic hydrocarbons in the Al-Mansoria residential area during the Kuwait oil fires. A qualitative appraisal of the adsorption role
High ambient levels of inhalable particulate matter (PM[sub 10]) were detected in residential areas during the oil well burning in Kuwait (February-November 1991). Because inhalation exposures to PM[sub 10] were significant (data on PAH quantification are scarce), it became possible to describe the exposure to PM[sub 10]-associated PAHs of alternative courses of events, such as PAH-particle interaction mechanisms. Depending on particle adsorption characteristics (affinity and site availability), it is concluded that, contrary to what is currently believed, low levels of ambient PM[sub 10] levels did not indicate low PAH exposures in Al-Mansoria residential area during May 10-31, 1991. Due to the frequent presence of dust particles in the ambient air caused by the heavy dust fallout in Al-Mansoria (average > 65 tons/km[sup 2]) during May, 1991, the predicted patterns can be explained by two hypothesized mechanisms. The first is a two-step process: loss of PAHs from low affinity sites and reabsorption onto stronger affinity ones leading to low surface coverage at high PM[sub 10] concentrations. The second involves dilution of PAH-containing soot with aeolian particles. Both events can lead to low ambient PAHs at high PM[sub 10] levels or high ambient PAHs at low PM[sub 10] levels. 27 refs., 12 refs., 2 tabs.
Al-Yakoob, S.N.; Abdal, Y. (Kuwait Inst. for Scientific Research (Kuwait)); Nasrallah, H. (College of Health Sciences, Kuwait (Kuwait)); Al-Majed, N. (Ministry of Public Health, Kuwait (Kuwait))
NIOSH testimony on Kuwait before the subcommittee on hospitals and health care, committee on veterans' affairs by J. S. Andrews, September 16, 1992
The testimony summarizes potential adverse health effects related to service in the Persian Gulf as presented by the Department of Health and Human Services. An estimated 9,000 workers from 43 different countries battled the burning oil wells in Kuwait from February 1991 through early November 1991 when the last was capped. Exposures and health effects in US military personnel, Kuwaiti citizens, and fire fighters were described. The hazards to the soldiers were largely dependent on the concentration of the pollutants in the air near the camps. Fortunately, the plume from the fires rose up to 10,000 and 12,000 feet, mixed with the air and then dispersed for several thousand miles downwind over a period of several weeks. The particles and gases contained in the plume were diluted as the plume travelled. Even so, some minor respiratory problems were present among the soldiers. Some of the hydrocarbons measured at low concentrations have been shown to produce cancer in laboratory animals only when present at higher levels of exposure. Based on the exposure information gathered, the author concludes that there will not likely be a detectable increase in lung cancer in Gulf War Veterans as a result of the oil well fires.
World crude output overcomes Persian Gulf disruption
Several OPEC producers made good on their promises to replace 2.7 MMbpd of oil exports that vanished from the world market after Iraq took over Kuwait. Even more incredibly, they accomplished this while a breathtaking 1.2- MMbopd reduction in Soviet output took place during the course of 1991. After Abu Dhabi, Indonesia, Iran, Libya, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela turned the taps wide open, their combined output rose 2.95 MMbopd. Put together with a 282,000-bopd increase by Norway and contributions from smaller producers, this enabled world oil production to remain within 400,000 bopd of its 1990 level. The 60.5-MMbopd average was off by just 0.7%. This paper reports that improvement took place in five of eight regions. Largest increases were in Western Europe and Africa. Greatest reductions occurred in Eastern Europe and the Middle East. Fifteen nations produced 1 MMbopd or more last year, compared with 17 during 1990.
Impacts of oil disturbances: lessons from experience. [1973-1974 Oil Crisis; 1978-1979 Iranian Revolution; 1980-1981 Iran-Iraq War
An analysis of the impacts of previous oil distrubances can be used to suggest the impacts of future oil disturbances. This paper reviews how the 1973-1974 Oil Crisis, the 1978-1979 Iranian Revolution, and the 1980-1981 Iran-Iraq War impacted the US and world oil markets. Various measures of impacts are considered, such as impacts on physical flows of crude and products, crude and product price changes on the US and world markets, impacts on stocks of crude and products, and impacts on refiners' inputs and outputs. Various macroeconomic indicators, such as gross national product, inflation rates, and unemployment, are also considered. Of particular interest in this study are the impacts that oil disturbances have had (and could have) on the availabilities of particular crude types and the abilities of US refiners to process crudes of various types in the short run. In addition, this paper reviews how the actions of the consuming countries and the major oil companies affected the impacts of past disturbances. The paper briefly discusses the likely causes and impacts of future oil distrubances and summarizes the lessons to be learned from past reactions to oil disturbances.
Curlee, T R
Kuwait City, Kuwait: Energy Resources | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of InspectorConcentrating Solar Powerstories on climateJuno Beach, Florida:KenyonKosciusko County Rural E Name
Oil and gas developments in Middle East in 1985
Petroleum production in Middle East countries during 1985 totaled 3,837,580,000 bbl (an average rate of 10,513,917 BOPD), down 2.2% from the revised 1984 total of 3,924,034,000 bbl. Iran, Iraq, Dubai, Oman, and Syria had significant increases; Kuwait, Kuwait-Saudi Arabia Divided Neutral Zone, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar had significant decreases. New fields went on production in Iraq, Abu Dhabi, Oman, and Syria. In North Yemen, the first ever oil production in that country was nearing the start-up stage at year end. 9 figures, 9 tables.
Hemer, D.O.; Gohrbandt, K.H.A.
Sun powers Libya cathodic-protection system
Well castings and part of the main 300-mile-long, 32-in diameter pipeline from Sarir to Tobruk are cathodically protected by solar power, which prevents galvanic action by applying an electric direct current of appropriate magnitude and polarity to the steel structures. They then act as cathodes and become the recipients of metallic ions. At each cathodic-protection station, the solar-generaor system consists of solar-panel arrays, electronic controls, and batteries.
Currer, G.W.
Libya: Energy Resources | Open Energy Information
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Oil and gas developments in Middle East in 1986
Petroleum production in Middle East countries during 1986 totaled 4,493,973,000 bbl (an average rate of 12,312,254 BOPD), up 22.3% from the revised 1985 total of 3,673,729,000 bbl. Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Abu Dhabi, and Oman had significant increased; Iran was the only Middle East country with a significant decrease. New fields went on production in Oman and Yemen Arab Republic, and significant discoveries were reported in Iraq, Yemen Arab Republic, Oman, and Syria. However, exploration was generally down in most countries. Exploration and production operations continued to be affected by war in Iraq and Iran. 8 figures, 7 tables.
Petrochemical industry in the Middle East: current status, uncertainties, global impact
The situation and perspective of the petrochemical industry in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, IR Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain, the UAE, SP Libyan AJ, Algeria, and Egypt are reviewed. Special attention is given to the budgetary constraints, foreign partners, the costs, the markets, and the impact of falling oil prices.
Ocean Sci., 2, 2741, 2006 www.ocean-sci.net/2/27/2006/
of United Arab Emirates is a major driver of this baroclinic circulation. 1 Introduction The Persian Gulf bordering the Per- sian Gulf are the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait and Iraq (Emery, 1956). Extensive shallow regions, United Arab Emirates
Middle East: Iran isn't missed much
A concerted effort to further develop productive capacity is evident in most Middle Eastern Countries, through exploration, field development, and secondary recovery. Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Abu Dhabi all plan expanded petroleum industry programs in 1980. Oil production in Saudi Arabia through the first one-half of 1980 averaged 9.5 million bpd, and the Saudis are proceeding with the large-scale associated gas utilization and industrialization program. Iraq's near-term interest is in development of the Majnoon Discovery. Abu Dhabi is continuing efforts to complete development of a giant offshore field and finalize an onshore/offshore associated gas utilization facility. Only Iran and Kuwait are expected to be relatively inactive in petroleum programs during the remainder of 1980. Individual country reports are presented for Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Iran, Kuwait, the Divided Neutral Zone, Qatar, Oman, Bahrain, Syria, Turkey, Israel, Jordan, South Yemen, and Yemen Arab Republic.
Kuwait: Energy Resources | Open Energy Information
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Kuwait Petroleum Corporation | Open Energy Information
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JPRS report proliferation issues
This report contains foreign media information on issues related to worldwide proliferation and transfer activities in nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons, including delivery systems and the transfer of weapons relevant technologies. The following locations are included: (1) South Africa; (2) China; (3) North and South Korea, Japan; (4) Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia; (5) Argentina, Brazil; (6) India, Iran, Israel, Pakistan, Libya, Iraq, Egypt; (7) Soviet Union; and (8) Belgium, Germany, United Kingdom, Netherlands, France.
Secretary Bodman Visits Iraq | Department of Energy
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Middle East
Petroleum production in Middle East countries during 1980 totaled 6,747,719,000 bbl or an average rate of 18,436,390,000 bbl/d, down 13.9% from 1979. Increases were in Saudi Arabia and Syria. Significant decreases occurred in Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, and Turkey. New discoveries were made in Abu Dhabi, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Sharjah, and Oman. New areas were explored in Bahrain, Oman, Syria, and Yemen. 9 figures, 16 tables.
Hemer, D.O. (Mobil Oil Corp., New York, NY); Mason, J.F.; Hatch, G.C.
Economy key to 1992 U. S. oil, gas demand
This paper provides a forecast US oil and gas markets and industry in 1992. An end to economic recession in the U.S. will boost petroleum demand modestly in 1992 after 2 years of decline. U.S. production will resume its slide after a fractional increase in 1991. Drilling in the U.S. will set a record low. Worldwide, the key questions are economic growth and export volumes from Iraq, Kuwait, and former Soviet republics.
Beck, R.J.
Early Tertiary subsidence and sedimentary facies - northern Sirte Basin, Libya
The subsidence curves and subsidence rate curves for the Sirte basin, constructed from the stratigraphic record, show that subsidence was continuous throughout Late Cretaceous and Tertiary times, reaching a maximum during the Paleocene and Eocene, when a major reactivation of faults occurred. Shales and carbonates were deposited during all of the Late Cretaceous and Tertiary. Abrupt lateral facies changes occur from the platform areas toward the deeper troughs along with steep downdip thickening. These conditions were probably assisted by contemporaneous faulting along structurally weak hinge lines where the dominant structural elements are normal step faults. The absence of upper Paleozoic and lower Mesozoic sediments suggests that the area was domed, faulted, and eroded during the late Mesozoic. As a result of crustal extension during the Paleocene, a marked lithologic and structural change occurred. The Heira Shale succeeded the Kalash Limestone in the Marada trough. Reactivation of the earlier faults, accompanied by an increase in the sediment supply from the south, caused these lower Paleocene shales to cover the entire area, with the exception of the old highs where carbonate deposition continued. An intercalation of shales and carbonates provides a sensitive indicator of change of depth and sediment type.
Gumati, Y.D.; Kanes, W.H.
Early Tertiary subsidence and sedimentary facies - Northern Sirte Basin, Libya
The subsidence curves and subsidence rate curves for the Sirte basin, constructed from the stratigraphic record, show that subsidence was continuous throughout Late Cretaceous and Tertiary times, reaching a maximum during the Paleocene and Eocene, when a major reactivation of faults occurred. Shales and carbonates were deposited during all of the Late Cretaceous and Tertiary. Abrupt lateral facies changes occur from the platform areas toward the deeper troughs along with steep downdip thickening. The absence of upper Paleozoic and lower Mesozoic sediments suggests that the area was domed, faulted, and eroded during the late Mesozoic. As a result of crustal extension during the Paleocene, a marked lithologic and structural change occurred. The Heira Shale succeeded the Kalash Limestone in the Marada trough. Reactivation of the earlier faults, accompanied by an increase in the sediment supply from the south, caused these lower Paleocene shales to cover the entire area, with the exception of the old highs where carbonate deposition continued. An intercalation of shales and carbonates provides a sensitive indicator of change of depth and sediment type. 14 figures.
WPTV News Channel 5 Boca expert concerned for Libya's future
warring factions at bay. Now that the dictator is dead and there's no longer a single goal uniting to make sure that the competing factions, having come together to oust Kadhafi, can come together
Lesson 56: Shopping, Buying and Selling
[Dinar] Aljeria / Libya / Tunisia [Algeria / Libya / Tunisia] Ougiya [Oguiya] Mauritania [Mauritania
The life cycle assessment of concrete manufacturing in Kuwait
Concrete is the second most widely used material in the world after water. Annually 9,120 million tons of concrete are produced, which is an equivalent of 1.3 tons of concrete per individual. As the world's primary ...
El Mostafa, Mayce (Mayce A.)
Energy Conservation Program in Kuwait: A Local Perspective
consumer of electricity and it accounts for nearly 75% of nation�s peak power demand and over 50% of annual energy consumption. However, the building owners/users are not concerned, as the highly subsidized electricity by the government is available... power demand and over 50% of annual energy consumption. The Ministry of Energy has to meet the growing demand for electricity by building new power plants that require high investments. This paper highlights the advancement in the Energy Conservation...
Hajiah, A. E.
Conceptual Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) terminal design for Kuwait
containment systems (Pepper and Shah 2004) ..............................................5 6. Single containment tanks (UH IELE 2003b).........................................................................5 7. Double containment tanks (UH IELE 2003b...)........................................................................7 8. Full containment tanks (UH IELE 2003b).............................................................................7 9. Underground LNG storage tank (UH IELE 2003b)...............................................................7 10. Three...
Aljeeran, Fares
Groundwater investigation and modeling - western desert of Iraq.
??The region of interest is part from Iraqi western desert covering an area about 100,000 km�. Several of the large wadis such as Hauran, Amij,� (more)
Al-Muqdadi, Sameh Wisam
Power, policy and war : explaining the Iran-Iraq War.
??The failure of traditional analytical tools in successfully predicting the end of the Cold War has seen a series of competing methods seeking to explain� (more)
Donovan, Jerome Denis
ORISE: Radiation Emergency Training for Iraq, South Africa and Morocco
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Republic of Iraq - Ministry of Oil | Open Energy Information
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Strengthening Our Continued Partnership with Iraq | Department of Energy
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Oil and gas development in Middle East in 1987
Petroleum production in Middle East countries during 1987 totaled an estimated 4,500,500,000 bbl (an average rate of 12,330,137 b/d), up slightly from the revised 1986 total of 4,478,972,000 bbl. Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Yemen Arab Republic had significant increases; Kuwait and Saudi Arabia had significant decreases. Production was established for the first time in People's Democratic Republic of Yemen. New fields went on production in Iraq, Oman, People's Democratic Republic of Yemen, and Syria, and significant oil discoveries were reported in Iraq, Oman, People's Democratic Republic of Yemen, Syria, and Yemen Arab Republic. The level of exploration increased in 1987 with new concessions awarded in some countries, drilling and seismic activities on the increase, new regions in mature areas explored for the first time, and significant reserve additions reported in new and old permits. The Iraq-Iran war still had a negative impact in some regions of the Middle East, particularly in and around the Gulf. 11 figs., 4 tabs.
Hemer, D.O.; Gohrbandt, K.H.A.; Phillips, C.B.
Lesson 57: Comparatives
child's behavior is exceedingly bad.] b). Vita kati ya Libya na Amerika vimezidi. [The war between Libya
Cyclic transgressive and regressive sequences and their association with hydrocarbons, Sirte Basin, Libya
The Sirte basin was developed in north Africa between the Tethys Sea and the Saharan shield during Late Cretaceous time and was the site of mixed siliciclastic and carbonate deposition throughout the Tertiary. A series of bioclastic limestones and shales was deposited around the basin rim. Shales were confined to the low-energy zones in the basin, whereas carbonates were deposited on the shelf areas. The Farrud Formation (equivalent to the Beda Formation in the central part) is the main reservoir for oil found in the western portion of the basin. The faunal assemblages and lithologies recognized in this formation apparently reflect a very shallow marine depositional environment. Source rocks are developed in organic-rich, transgressive shales (Dahra and Hagfa). Moldic, fenestral, and intraparticle porosities are the most common types recognized in the carbonate reservoirs of the Farrud Formation. Permeability is developed in part by processes such as dolomitization, leaching, and fracturing in the two progradational, regressive carbonate cycles, resulting in the exceptional Ghani field reservoirs. Hydrocarbons were trapped in these reservoirs due to the presence of a supratidal anhydrite cap rock.
Abushagar, S.A.
Crustal rifting and subsidence of Sirte basin, Libya: a mature hydrocarbon Province
The complex rifting and subsidence history of the Sirte basin serves as an instructive case study of the tectonic evolution of an intercratonic extensional basin. The Sirte basin formed by collapse of the Sirte arch in the mid-Cretaceous. Marine sediments accumulated following initial crustal arching and rifting as the basin was flooded from the north. Upper Cretaceous strata lie unconformably on igneous and metamorphic rocks of the Precambrian basement complex, Cambrian-Ordovician Gargaf Group, or the pre-Cretaceous continental Nubian Sandstone. The most rapid subsidence and accumulation of basinal strata occurred in the early Cenozoic; however, the basin has been relatively stable since the Oligocene. The basin is floored by a northwest-southeast-trending mosaic of narrow horsts and grabens, an important structural characteristic that distinguishes it from the adjacent intracratonic Kufra, Murzuk, and Ghadames basins. The details of basin subsidence, sediment accumulation rates, and facies variations have been reconstructed for the northern Sirte basin from a suite of approximately 100 well logs and numerous seismic lines. Subsidence-rate maps for short time intervals from the mid-Cretaceous through the Eocene show a continual shifting of the loci of maximum and minimum subsidence. The nonsteady character of basin subsidence may reflect a periodicity of movement on the major basement-rooted growth faults bounding the underlying horsts and grabens.
Gumati, Y.; Schamel, S.; Nairn, A.E.M.
Personal Computing for Education Reform in Libya Ahmed Elmagarmid and Arjmand Samuel
-driven crank, solar panels etc. OLPC also runs a thinned-down version of Linux operating system and is focused, portable and low cost computers for use in schools across the developing world. Two initiatives, namely One these projects aim to provide a low-cost laptop, in the range of $200-$300, to the world's children
Elmagarmid, Ahmed K.
Iran-Libya: a comparison of two state sponsors of terrorism.
??A comparison of the socio-political and national security similarities and differences between two of the US Department of State�s 'Designated State Sponsors of Terrorism' is� (more)
Milinski, Martin
The Kufrah Paleodrainage System in Libya: A Past Connection to the Mediterranean Sea ?
between the terminal part of the Kufrah River and the Mediterranean Sea through the Wadi Sahabi, a Pliocene alkaline basaltic intra-continental volcanic field, and potentially connected to the Wadi Sahabi in the dunes of the Calanscio Sand Sea, forming alluvial fans. The most southern paleochannel, known as Wadi
Paris-Sud XI, Universit� de
Trade balance instability and the optimal exchange rate regime: The case of OPEC countries
The OPEC members have experienced wide fluctuations in their trade balances. This can be attributed to several factors: (1) heavy dependence of national income and export earnings on a single primary export-oil; (2) instability of price and world demand for oil; and (3) the exchange rate regime practiced in recent years. An exchange rate policy can be used to minimize the fluctuations in trade balance, given the changes in exchange rates of major international currencies. The purpose of this study is two fold; first, examine the effects of fluctuations in trade balance on the OPEC economies, and second, propose appropriate exchange rate regime for selected OPEC members. The study is divided into two parts. The first part demonstrates the impact of trade balance changes on national income and other macroeconomic variables using a Keynesian framework. The second part involves using conventional trade models to search for the appropriate exchange rate regime to minimize the fluctuations in trade balance of each selective country. The study's findings are: first, fluctuations in trade balances had negative effects on the economics of Algeria, Kuwait, Libya, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. Second, the current exchange rate regime of no sample country is optimal in minimizing trade balance fluctuations. Third, in contrast to expectations, U.S. dollar peg did not stabilize the trade balance of any OPEC member. Finally, the results show that the sample OPEC economies could have enjoyed faster - though with different degree - economic growth if they had pegged their currencies to the derived optimal exchange rate regime. These optimal exchange rate regimes are: the SDR for Algeria and the United Arab Emirates, the purchasing power parity for Libya and Saudi Arabia, and the real Yen for Kuwait.
Aljerrah, M.A.
Effect of the Brazilian arms industry on US strategy. Final report
Brazil's arms manufacturing capability has made great strides in the international market in the past 25 years. Thus far, the U.S. has only taken action to try and limit Brazil and their actions regarding their arms exports. This was done once because of human rights violations called out by the Carter Administration and once because of sales made by Brazilian defense firms to destabilizing countries such as Iraq, Libya, and Iran. The U.S. should see the Brazilian arms industries could provide a sharing of overhead costs and technologies. This could reduce overall unit prices for two countries' major weapon systems and help promote greater hemispheric stability. Brazil has announced they are open to this. It is up to the U.S. to seize the opportunity.
Kahne, S.D.
Numerical analysis of the laterally loaded piles in the Kuwait offshore environment
An attempt is made to present an automated analysis of laterally loaded piles using subgrade reaction theory and the P-delta curves governing the soil properties. The finite difference method is applied in establishing the governing equations. The pile response is obtained using the boundary conditions improved by Newtonian method. Results obtained are forces, moments, deflections and soil reactions for various depths of strata in which such piles exist. Based on these results future recommendations are made.
Al-Obaid, Y.F.
Re-examination of the current architectural curriculum at Kuwait University
and society in general. Architectural education is in desperate need of change and improvement, primarily through reforming the heart of the architectural education--its curriculum. This study reviews the existing program of the Department of Architecture...
The Influence of Air-Conditioning Efficiency in the Peak Load Demand for Kuwait
A model co-relating the peak load demand of a utility with the allowable power rating (PR) of air-conditioning (AC) systems has been developed in this paper through a well defined methodology. The model is capable to predict the extent of allowable...
Ali, A. A.; Maheshwari, G. P.
Radiological Conditions in Areas of Kuwait with Residues of Depleted Uranium RADIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT
Under the terms of Article III of its Statute, the IAEA is authorized to establish standards of safety for protection against ionizing radiation and to provide for the application of these standards to peaceful nuclear activities. The regulatory related publications by means of which the IAEA establishes safety standards and measures are issued in the IAEA Safety Standards Series. This series covers nuclear safety, radiation safety, transport safety and waste safety, and also general safety (that is, of relevance in two or more of the four areas), and the categories within it are Safety Fundamentals, Safety Requirements and Safety Guides. Safety Fundamentals (blue lettering) present basic objectives, concepts and principles of safety and protection in the development and application of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. Safety Requirements (red lettering) establish the requirements that must be met to ensure safety. These requirements, which are expressed as �shall � statements, are governed by the objectives and principles presented in the Safety Fundamentals. Safety Guides (green lettering) recommend actions, conditions or procedures for meeting safety requirements. Recommendations in Safety Guides are expressed as �should � statements, with the implication that it is necessary to take the measures recommended or equivalent alternative measures to comply with the requirements. The IAEA�s safety standards are not legally binding on Member States but may be adopted by them, at their own discretion, for use in national regulations in respect of their own activities. The standards are binding on the IAEA in relation to its own operations and on States in relation to operations assisted by the IAEA. Information on the IAEA�s safety standards programme (including editions in languages other than English) is available at the IAEA Internet site www.iaea.org/ns/coordinet
unknown authors
E-Print Network 3.0 - al-sulaibiya field kuwait Sample Search...
fr Mathematik, Universitt Wien Collection: Mathematics 14 Women in Physics in Egypt and the Arab World Karimat ElSayed Summary: to show the percentage of women in physics...
Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Bodman Meets with U.S. Troops in Kuwait |
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NEWS IN BRIEF NATURE|Vol 435|9 June 2005 Germanycastsdoubton
and a Palestinian doctor sentenced to death in Libya in May 2004 will remain in jail for six more months before, long before the workers arrived in Libya (see Nature 430, 277; 2004). The decision by Libya's supreme
Proceedings of COLING 2014, the 25th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Technical Papers, pages 12081217, Dublin, Ireland, August 23-29 2014.
. For instance, for the query "Libya conflict", our system will return important events related to the Libya measures" to protect civilians in Libya, where a revolt is under way against the regime of Moamer Kadhafi
Middle East: Slow year on the Gulf
This article surveys the petroleum outlook in the Middle East area. Observations include: Saudi Arabia's money crunch continues to keep the lid on exploration, production work; Abu Dhabi has also curtailed operations because of low oil prices, reduced budgets; Followup drilling has been disappointing around recent gas strikes in Sharjah, Dubai; Oman's aggressive EandP program will result in a 30% drilling increase this year; Kuwait isn't slowing down its development of light oil either; the goal is 40 new wells; Iran and Iraq are still boosting export capacities despite attacks on oil facilities; North Yemen's Alief field is a major find. Numerous structures remain to be drilled; Syria, Bahrain have development projects underway. Turkey is attracting U.S. majors.
New constraints in absorptive capacity and the optimum rate of petroleum output
Economic policy in four oil-producing countries is analyzed within a framework that combines a qualitative assessment of the policy-making process with an empirical formulation based on historical and current trends in these countries. The concept of absorptive capacity is used to analyze the optimum rates of petroleum production in Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait. A control solution with an econometric model is developed which is then modified for alternative development strategies based on analysis of factors influencing production decisions. The study shows the consistencies and inconsistencies between the goals of economic growth, oil production, and exports, and the constraints on economic development. Simulation experiments incorporated a number of the constraints on absorptive capacity. Impact of other constraints such as income distribution and political stability is considered qualitatively. (DLC)
El Mallakh, R
COUNTRY INSTITUTION DATE WEB ADDRESS ALGERIA Universit d'Alger Benyoucef Benkhedda 13.12.2005 http://www.univ-alger.dz
://www.uonbi.ac.ke LIBYA University of Garyounis 07.07.2005 http://www.garyounis.edu LIBYA Al-Arab Medical University 20
Di Pillo, Gianni
Modeling Topic Specific Credibility in Twitter Byungkyu Kang, John O'Donovan,
users who tweeted about the topic "Libya". Results show that the social model outperfoms hybrid credibility ratings on the "Libya" dataset. Author Keywords Credibility, Trust, Microblogs, Data Mining
California at Santa Barbara, University of
Italians and the Invention of Race: The Poetics and Politics of Difference in the Struggle over Libya, 1890-1913
e alla scienza di governo (Torino: Fratelli Bocca, 1890),e alla scienza di governo (Torino: Fratelli Bocca, 1890),la megera che, protetti dal governo, inseguono la tua figlia
Re, Lucia
Fighting for control : state-sponsored terrorism as foreign policy in Cuba and Libya, 1959-2010
In this dissertation, I ask four inter-related questions about state-sponsored terrorism. First, under what conditions do states choose to support foreign terrorist groups? Second, when do sponsor states stop supporting ...
Payne, John David, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Filippo Tommaso. La battaglia di Tripoli (26 ottobre 1911)stands Marinetti�s La battaglia di Tripoli (1911-1912).end the free-word poem �Battaglia Peso+Odore. � All three
Middle East crisis and US energy policy
The worldwide embargo of oil from Iraq and Kuwait imposed following Iraq's Aug. 2 takeover of its neighbor cut world oil supply by an estimated 4.3 million barrels per day--7 percent of world production. Other major oil producers, notably Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Venezuela, are stepping up their production and are expected to make up for most of the shortfall--at least for awhile. As a result, the International Energy Agency, the 21-member agency set up in the 1970s to respond to such emergencies, expects world oil supplies to be adequate through October. But two factors complicate matters in the long run: the drawdown of inventories in August that cut out a cushion that could have been used later and the use now of excess OPEC production capacity that was expected to be used this winter. The result is that the increase in cold weather demand could bring on a 3 million bpd shortage this winter, which would push prices higher.
Humanity Must Be Defended: War, Politics and Humanitarian Relief in Iraq, 1990-2004
Haiti, Somalia, Iraqi Kurdistan and Cambodia. A few oldprovinces into �Iraqi Kurdistan� in the wake of Operationsometimes called Iraqi Kurdistan). The NGO representatives
McIntyre, Adrian
Frontier market analysis : a case study of Iraq's real estate industry
Success in frontier markets could mean high returns for real estate developers and investors. In order to succeed, companies must determine how to provide their products or services in an environment that may not necessarily ...
Watkins, Steven C., Jr. (Steven Charles)
Are we exposing our staff to depleted uranium? Were chemicalabout contamination from the depleted uranium the coalition
to Persian Gulf oil and the security of key friendly statesthe Oil-for-Food Program established by Security CouncilSecurity Council which were most amenable to seeing the oil
E-Print Network 3.0 - algeria iraq jordan Sample Search Results
(NonApproved)** Albania Algeria Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Cambodia... Columbia Cuba Egypt Ethiopia Federal Republic of Yugoslavia India Indonesia Iran Israel Jordan... Georgia...
Web MSNBC Search Alerts Newsletters RSS Help MSN Home Hotmail Sign In Conflict in Iraq
plant in shift to wind � Kissinger warns about the Iranian threat � Bush sees green reasons for nuclear power � Nations gather to review nuclear treaty MOST POPULAR Most Viewed � Top Rated � Most E, and the creation of thousands of jobs. Fusion, not fission Unlike fission reactors used in existing nuclear power
Joint Statement of the U.S.-Iraq Joint Coordinating Committee on Energy |
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
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Statement by NSC Spokesperson Caitlin Hayden on the U.S.-Iraq Energy Joint
Energy Savers [EERE]
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of Inspector GeneralDepartment of Energyof the AmericasDOE-STD-3020-2005Code ofand EnergyCoordination Committee
Ranking of four potential nuclear power plant sites in Iraq according to the collective dose criterion
The collective dose criterion was used to rank four potential nuclear power-plant sites. Baiji, Al-Mahzam, Al-Abbasia, and Abu-Dalaf. Atmospheric as well as aquatic releases of radionuclides into the environment from the VVER 440 nuclear power plant during normal operation were used to estimate the collective dose equivalents. The results indicated that the collective doses at Baiji, Al-Mahzam, Al-Abbasia, and Abu-Dalaf were 3.6 x 10{sup -2}, 4.7 x 10{sup -2}, 1.1 x 10{sup -1}, and 1.2 x 10{sup -1} man-Sv, respectively. Thus the order of preference is Baiji, Al-Mahzam, Al-Abbasia, and Abu-Dalaf. The effective dose equivalents to the highest exposed individual resulting from atmospheric as well as aquatic releases of radionuclides from the reactor at any one of the four potential nuclear power-plant sites would not exceed 2 x 10{sup -5} Sv/yr. Thus any one of the four sites is suitable for the operation of the 440 nuclear power plants. 27 refs., 1 tab.
Marouf, B.A.; Al-Kateeb, G.H.; Al-Ani, D.S. [and others
Revue de presse ANGLAIS Semaine du 04 au 10 avril 2011
Abby Deveney) : Conflict continues in Libya, Ivory Coast and Yemen; no relief for Japan; the handbag
Rennes, Université de
U.N. Security Council Issues Condemnation of Syria Attack
that might repeat the NATO military intervention in Libya, and despite strong statements, the West has
20 Annual Report 2012 | Excellence in Research Exploring the Human Experience
inspired further demonstrations in Libya, Syria, and elsewhere. During the fall course, "Global Orients
African Alumni of ISU (ISU-AA) "Statement of Intent"
. Most countries in Africa: Kenya, Libya, South Africa, Morocco, Nigeria, Cameroun, Algeria and others
Glass, Ian S.
PhD Dissertation Defense CONTRIBUTION AND MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF GRAPHITE NANOMATERIALS
HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE By Libya Ahmed Sbia Advisor: Prof. Praviz Soroshian Tuesday, July 15, 2014
YouProve: Authenticity and Fidelity in Mobile Sensing Peter Gilbert
, Egypt, and Libya is difficult. Due to logistical obstacles, govern- ment bans, and reprisals against
University 5 University Office Listings
..................................................2-6032 Libya Williams, Construction Accounting ................................2-9517 People
Meng, Yizhi
Erasmus Mundus Action 2 Strand 1 / Strand 2 (delete as appropriate) PROJECT SUMMARY SHEET
____________________________________ Title of proposal EM A2 Strand 1 Lot 1:Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt and Libya (EM A2 LOT 1 Al- Fihri Partner 18 Libyan International Medical University Libya Partner 19 Omar Muhktar University Libya TC, Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt and Libya Project duration (months) 48 months #12;Amount requested (EUR) 4
Schenato, Luca
Among the Best A Great Start to 2013
and Libya. The need for more physiotherapists (trained to a high standard) in developed and developing
Stell, John
******** PROVISIONAL SYLLABUS SUBJECT TO MODIFICATION ******* Society and Politics of North Africa
"farthest west" in Arabic)--encompassing Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya--has historically been
Swedish-Maghreb Contact Seminar in Algiers, Algeria 13-14 October 2014
scholars and administrators from Algeria, Libya and Sweden Venue: tbc Hotel: Hotel El-Riadh, Staoueli
National Aeronautics and Space Administration www.nasa.gov
2006 Table of Contents GoddardUpdates Goddard Updates NASA Watches Total Eclipse from Libya and Turkey Libya. Libya provided the best location to see the solar phenomena; the expansive Sahara Desert podcasts. Live webcasts and NASA TV coverage from Turkey began at 5 a.m. EST March 29. In addition to Libya
Christian, Eric
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Smoke-free Policies
students aged 13-15 years--Kurdistan Region, Iraq, 2005.detail. For example, in Kurdistan, Iraq, the results for
IARC World Health Organization
Hydrogeophysical methods for analyzing aquifer storage and recovery systems
1995. Hydrogeology of the Dammam formation in Umm GudairGeology and hydrogeology of the Dammam formation in Kuwait.freshwater storage in the Dammam formation, Kuwait. Arabian
Minsley, B.J.
Another Viewpoint (AVP)
the oil wells and installations in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait andKuwait, or simply assure relatively cheap supplies of oil? Some of these objectives, if well
Tuma, Elias H
Kuwait�s pioneering Investment Authority was deliberately designed to provide for the day when the Emirate�s oil wells
Need for refining capacity creates opportunities for producers in Middle East
Oil industry interest in refining has revived in the past few years in response to rising oil consumption. The trend creates opportunities, for countries in the Middle East, which do not own refining assets nearly in proportion to their crude oil reserved. By closing this gap between reserves and refining capacity, the countries can ease some of the instability now characteristic of the oil market. Some major oil producing countries have begun to move downstream. During the 1980s, Venezuela, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Libya, and other members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries acquired refining assets through direct total purchase or joint ventures. Nevertheless, the oil industry remains largely unintegrated, with the Middle East holding two thirds of worldwide oil reserves but only a small share downstream. As worldwide refining capacity swings from a period of surplus toward one in which the need for new capacity will be built. The paper discusses background of the situation, shrinking surplus, investment requirements, sources of capital, and shipping concerns.
Ali, M.S.S. (Bahrain National Oil Co., Awali (Bahrain))
Impact of oil revenues on foreign policy: a comparative analysis of Iran and Kuwait, 1974-1978
This study compares the pattern of investment and expenditure of oil revenues to discern the existence of common and divergent elements in the policies of these Persian Gulf members of OPEC: one small Arab country, and one large non-Arab country with basic human and technical infrastructure. The study specifically surveys the utilization of oil revenues for the purchase of arms and technology, and for foreign aid programs. Externally, the economic upsurge during this period generated a new quasi-independent economic and political foreign policy. This quasi-independence is reflected, in part, by the ability to choose partners and allies without fearing financial reprisal from the major and super powers; by greater self reliance and greater freedom of action and the ability to impose their will; by their ability to exert integrative or disintegrative economic pressure on alliances and pursue conflict or cooperation with other nations; and finally by their potential ability to draw other states into regional conflicts and to influence the global balance of power. The study views oil as the overriding factor, among multiple operative factors in determinants of foreign policy in this strategically crucial region. Oil contributes not only as a substantial part of the gross national product, but also provides the bulk of the nation's export and foreign exchange revenues needed for import. As such, its influence dwarfs the importance of non-oil trade.
Kavoossi, M.
Per Diem (US$)/ (Akashi) 297
(Jordan) (Amman) 182 135 (Kuwait) 339 (Bahrain) 226 (Qatar) 187 (United Arab Emirates) (Abu Dhabi) 206
Smokes from the oil fires following the Gulf War: A review and new perspectives
Emissions resulting from the oil fires in Kuwait and environmental effects from those emissions are described.
Radke, L.F.
Deterring regional threats from nuclear proliferation
The most prominent shift in the National Military Strategy is from the global Soviet threat to a new focus on regional contingencies. No threat looms larger in these contingencies than the proliferation of nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles. This study examines proliferation trends and proposes a predominately diplomatic strategy for containing the problem. Dr. Spector identifies three waves of proliferation: the first is the five states with declared weapons and doctrine-the United States, Russia, Great Britain, France, and China; the second includes a less visible group that developed a covert capability, without testing weapons or declaring a doctrine of deterrence-for example, Israel, India, and probably Pakistan; and, a third wave of would-be proliferators includes radical states like Iraq, Iran, Libya, and North Korea. Spector's political approach is based on the common interest of wave one and two states to prevent further proliferation. Political-economic incentives have already worked in the cases of Brazil, Argentina, Taiwan, and South Africa-states which appear to have abandoned their nuclear weapons programs. Spector does not rule out the option of military force. Force, especially under international sanctions, can be a powerful tool to back diplomatic efforts. Use of force, however, remains a last resort.
Spector, L.S.
Nuclear threats from small states
What are the policy implications regarding proliferation and counter proliferation of nuclear weapons among Third World states. How does deterrence operate outside the parameters of superpower confrontation as defined by the cold war elaborate system of constraints enforced by concepts like mutual assured destruction, and counter-value and counter-force targeting. How can US policymakers devise contingencies for dealing with nuclear threats posed by countries like North Korea, Libya, Iraq, Iran, and Syria. These are some of the unsettling but nevertheless important questions addressed by the author in this monograph. In his analysis, Mr. Jerome Kahan examines the likelihood that one or more of these countries will use nuclear weapons before the year 2000. He also offers a framework that policymakers and planners might use in assessing US interests in preempting the use of nuclear weapons or in retaliating for their use. Ironically, with the end of the cold war, it is imperative that defense strategists, policymakers, and military professionals think about the `unthinkable`. In the interest of fostering debate on this important subject, the Strategic Studies Institute commends this insightful monograph.
Kahan, J.H.
Why the Gulf War still matters: Foreign perspectives on the war and the future of international security. Report No. 16
This report summarizes the main findings of a Center for National Security Studies (CNSS) project that examined how a number of nations other than the United States have reacted to the course and outcome of the Persian Gulf War of 1991. The project was built around studies of key countries on which the Gulf War might reasonably be expected to have had a significant impact: Argentina, the ASEAN states, Brazil, China, Cuba, Egypt, France, Germany, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Libya, North Korea, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Spain, Syria, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, Vietnam, and the states of the former Yugoslavia. These country studies were written by well-recognized independent experts following a common set of guidelines provided by CNSS. When the country studies were completed, they were reviewed and supplemented through a series of peer assessments and workshops. The report represents a synthesis of material generated through this process, and is intended to stimulate thought and further analysis on the critical topics discussed herein.
Garrity, P.J.
Impact of Thermally Insulated Floors
Measures for their Implementation in Kuwait (DOE-1), Volume 2: Development of Typical Meteorological Year for Kuwait (Element 2, Sub-element 6). Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research Report No. KISR5857, Kuwait. 2000. ... Department of Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research for revision of the code this paper analyzes the effect of using un-insulated floors on the peak cooling demand and energy consumption of a middle income residential private villa and a one- bedroom...
Alghimlas, F.; Omar, E. A.
Lessons Learned from Nonproliferation Successes and Failures
, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa, Libya, Syria) and fail- ures (USSR, France, China, India, Pakistan-off Treaty) is not verifiable without very intrusive inspections directed by accurate intel- ligence. Libya
Katz, Jonathan I.
The Innovation Journal: The Public Sector Innovation Journal, 18(1), 2013, article 3. Protecting the Internet from Dictators
Internet communications, activists, and the state in Egypt, Syria, Libya, Uganda and northern Sudan and China.iv Yet, the scope of efforts by Egypt, Libya and Syria to shut down the Internet and cellular
Camp, L. Jean
Reference Potential source Data type Sampling site Type of samples Number of samples Method of source
samples for Saharan dust from Libya back trajectory analysis Kandler et al. 2009 PSA NAF-2 Illite NAF-4 Illite/kaolinite ratio Chlorite/kaolinite ratio Carbonate content Libya (here: central
Meskhidze, Nicholas
On the identity and origin of the Mediterranean invasive Caulerpa racemosa (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta)
, 1995). At the beginning of the 1990s, the situation changed abruptly with the discovery in Libya (Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Libya, Malta, Spain, Tunisia and Turkey) and all
Boudouresque, Charles F.
GLOBALSCOPE www.socsci.uci.edu/globalconnect
will be condensed to a 4-5week period; we have focused our introduction on five nations: Tunisia, Egypt, Libya them? What changes are the revolutionaries in the streets of Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Syria and Yemen
Barrett, Jeffrey A.
Revue de presse ANGLAIS Semaine du 07 au 13 mars 2011
the 11 March edition (by Natalie Bennett) : Flowering protests: not just Libya, Jordan and Yemen could provide protection against natural disasters. Newsweek March 07, 2011 Future Libya After
A dynamic concept for eastern Mediterranean circulation and oxygenation during sapropel formation
benthic presence through sapropel S1 at intermediate- deep locations offshore Libya; and further of S1. The observations of a continuous benthic presence through S1 (offshore from Libya) imply
Rohling, Eelco
Thursday, March 26, 2009 MARS: AQUEOUS PROCESSES
in Eastern Libya Montes, Mars: Implications for Long-Term Fluvial Activity [#1604] The Noachian highlands of Libya Montes represent one of the oldest regions on Mars that have been degraded by intensive, long
Rathbun, Julie A.
FM 90-3/FMFM 7-27 Headquarters
and Libya to the bitter cold of winter in the Gobi (East Asia). In some deserts, day-to-night temperature. Defiles play an important role, where they exist. In the Western Desert of Libya, an escarpment
US Army Corps of Engineers
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH: SPACE PHYSICS, VOL. 118, 18, doi:10.1002/jgra.50448, 2013 Characteristics of long recovery early VLF events observed
(Libya). The results indicate that the observation of long recovery events depends strongly on the modal, Université de Tunis El Manar I, Tunis, Tunisia. 5 Department of Physics, Sebha University, Sebha, Libya
29 April 2012 UN mission chief calls for Syria help
smuggling arms and gunmen from Lebanon, Turkey and Libya". This came a day after an editorial in a state from Libya. The ship's owner told Reuters that the vessel was bound for the northern Lebanese port city
PRINT ONLY: MER: SPIRIT AND OPPORTUNITY Knoll A. H. Arvidson R. E. Bell J. F. III Clark B. C. Grotzinger J. P. Jolliff B. McLennan S. M. Squyres S. W.
I. Greenwood R. A New CK Carbonaceous Chondrite from Hammada Al Hamra, Libya [#1899] A single stone weighing 198 g was found in 2001 in the Hammada al Hamra region of Libya. Petrographic features (mean
The Saharan Metacraton Mohamed G. Abdelsalam a,*, Jean-Paul Lieegeois b
-central part of Africa and extends in the Saharan Desert in Egypt, Libya, Sudan, Chad and Niger of the northern margin of the African continent in southern Egypt and Libya. The term ``metacraton'' refers
Stern, Robert J.
Foreign Fishery Developments The Sicilian
facilities, fish de- pletion in local waters, and disputes with Libya, Tunisia, and Malta over fishing rights in the channel between Sicily and Libya and Tunisia. But lately this has led to serious diplomatic strains (see
Offprint Botanica Marina Vol. 44, 2001, pp. 425 460 2001 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York Checklist of Mediterranean Seaweeds.
) Libya, (Tn) Tunisia, (Ag) Algeria, (Mo) Morocco. (Gallardo et al. 1993). The Rhodophyceae) Libya, (Tn) Tunisia, (Ag) Algeria, (Mo) Morocco. This work benefited from the suggestions on tax- onomy
30 January 2012 China puts space-age seal on African role
and Libya. But Europeans, who contribute the largest part of AU project finance, appeared comprehensively in Ivory Coast and the Nato-backed rebellion in Libya split the continent, neither the South African
The Design and Performance Evaluation of a Proactive Multipath Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
in Libya, and the Cultural Affairs in London, for the financial support during my study. I would like in Libya, also to my father (Allah bless his soul). ii #12;Declaration I hereby declare that the work
Trinder, Phil
1647 The Meteoritical Society, 2007. Printed in USA. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 42, Nr 9, 16471694 (2007)
and Gullhögen (both from Sweden). AFRICA Libya Dar al Gani 1048 27°12.10N, 16°18.67E Libya Find: June 28, 2001
Connolly Jr, Harold C.
Folia Zool. 56(4): 378388 (2007) New mitochondrial lineages within the Pipistrellus pipistrellus complex
. hanaki from Libya. We have detected the occurrence of P. pygmaeus s.str. in northern Iran. In the clade P (Libya). The latter one was described as separ
Horacek, Ivan
, firstname.lastname@example.com 4NOC, Libya, firstname.lastname@example.com Meltwater-related processes have long been of the Western Murzuq Basin/ Tassili n'Ajjer area (southern Libya Algeria boundary), this presentation aims
Tuesday, March 13, 2007 POSTER SESSION I: MARS VALLEY NETWORKS
Regions and Multiple Water Release Events in Valley Networks of the Libya Montes Region on Mars [#1729] We investigate a valley network in the western Libya Montes region, which originates in a highland mountain
Revue de presse ANGLAIS Semaine du 28 fvrier au 06 mars 2011
Guardian Weekly Inside the 4 March edition (by Abby Deveney) : Saudis seek to avert 'day of rage' as Libya the word out from Libya (by Jim Giles and Jacob Aron) : Machine translation can take you so far
China Energy Databook - Rev. 4
Coal Products ( 0 Exports Imports Laos Lebanon Libya Liechtenstein Macau Malaysia Mauritius Mexico Mongolia (Outer) Morocco Mozambique Nepal Netherlands New
Sinton Editor, J.E.
Paintball Countries
Korea Libya Niger Peru Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia Spain Sri Lanka Taiwan Thailand Turkey Ukraine UAE United
Fees are subject to change. See studyguide.au.dk *PLACE OF STUDY
An earthquake in Japan, a revolution in Libya there is always a historical perspective to world events. Unlike
Volunteer Day Student Voices
of origin of our new Spring B students: Argentina Brazil Burkina Faso China Colombia France Korea Libya
ByH enr T. Va G ner al ........ ...
The most popular and productive method of harvesting sponges in Libya is thr ough the use of Machin~ diving
Asia Research Centre public lecture Pakistan and the challenges of a new decade
of the Arab Spring isnt frustrated in countries like Tunisia, Egypt and Libya, and of course the ongoing
CERN with ITER, by Franois of Rose THE WORLD | 03.02.04 | 14h06
of the agreement of renunciation of Libya of the nuclear weapons concluded with the Anglo-American ones and major
Beyond Simple Aggregates: Indexing for Summary Queries
# of employees #12;3-1 Reporting vs. Aggregation Date Keyword 2011.04.08 Masters 2011 2011.04.08 Libya 2011.04.07 Japan nuclear crisis 2011.04.07 Libya · · · 2011.03.11 Japan earthquake 2011.03.11 Japan tsunami 2011 2011.04.08 Libya 2011.04.07 Japan nuclear crisis 2011.04.07 Libya · · · 2011.03.11 Japan earthquake
Yi, Ke "Kevin"
GEOPHYSICAL METHODS In 2003, a group of scientists in Swit-
with Petrobras in Brazil, Pemex in Mexico, Norsk Hydro in Libya and KOC in the Arabian Peninsula, it is evident
Podladchikov, Yuri
Push in U.N. for Criticism of Syria Is Rejected By NEIL MacFARQUHAR 27 April 2011
stalemate that has evolved in Libya. The stability of Syria, said the Brazilian ambassador, Maria Luiza Ribeiro Viotti, is "central to regional stability." China, which also abstained in the Libya vote, called to military action against Libya under similar circumstances just weeks ago -- appeared to evaporate. Western
Original article Field-oriented trial of the Chinese Brucella suis
and goats in Libya AA Mustafa M Abusowa 1 % FAO Representative, Box 1117, Khartoum, Sudan; 2 Director of the Animal Health Department, PO Box 351, Tripoli, Libya (Received 20 April 1993; accepted 18 June 1993 is know to be prevalent in sheep and goats in Libya. Recently, evidence of association between ovine
Biogeosciences, 11, 31493161, 2014 www.biogeosciences.net/11/3149/2014/
of Libya contains up to 1.8 mM of nitrate, which ex- ceeds the World Health Organization limit for drinking, and aquifer storage. High NO- 3 concentrations of paleo-groundwater from the Hasouna area (Libya) have been-Home and Sahli, 2007). Deciphering the source of NO- 3 for Saharan groundwater in Libya is highly challenging
Apidologie 40 (2009) 97105 Available online at: c INRA/DIB-AGIB/ EDP Sciences, 2009 www.apidologie.org
Libya* Taher Shaibi1 , Stefan Fuchs2 , Robin F.A. Moritz1 1 Institut für Biologie, Martin population from the Holocene. Apis mellifera / morphometry / Libya / sahariensis / conservation 1 African sub- species A. m. intermissa and sahariensis in the west, Libya provides a missing link
15/10/2008 12:29Untitled Page 1 of 2
conditions reached a lot further north than previously thought, providing a wet 'corridor' through Libya, with collaborators from the universities of Southampton, Oxford, Hull and Tripoli (Libya), investigated whether on the paper said: "Space-born radar images showed fossil river channels crossing the Sahara in Libya, flowing
The Unexpected end of the Qadhafi's regime Until the Arab spring, the Qadhafi's regime had overcome the
Libya up to the "global war against terrorism" and created an image of his country as a Mediterra- nean portrayed Libya as having such huge potential that it will have great influence in the future. According to Seif El Islam, «Libya will be a modern country with modern infrastruc- ture and a high GDP. Its
Analysis of Country-wide Internet Outages Caused by Alberto Dainotti
: Egypt and Libya. Our analy- sis relies on multiple sources of large-scale data already available other insights, we detected what we believe were Libya's attempts to test firewall- based blocking on February 11. Four days later, similar protests erupted in Libya, calling for an end to the Gaddafi regime
California at San Diego, University of
BACHELOR THESIS The High Representative
BACHELOR THESIS The High Representative and the Libya Crisis An Assessment Dominique Prescher 8 and the Libya Crisis 2 Table of Content 1. Summary 4 2. Introduction 4 3. Theoretical Framework 8 3.1 Neo 34 9. Bibliography 36 #12;Bachelor Thesis The High Representative and the Libya Crisis 3 List
Vellekoop, Michel
Solar Physics and Solar Eclipses Proceedings of an International Symposium held at
, Libya, 27-29 March 2006 Edited by RENZO RAMELLI Istituto Ricerche Solari Locarno Locarno, Switzerland OSAMA M. SHALABIEA Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Sebha University Sebha, Libya and Faculty, Libya JAN O. STENFLO Institute of Astronomy, ETH Zurich Zurich, Switzerland #12;c 2007 by Istituto
MACHINE TRANSLATION IN THE YEAR 2004 Kevin Knight and Daniel Marcu
evaluation: insistent Wednesday may recurred her trips to Libya tomorrow for flying Cairo 6-4 ( AFP for flying" may resumed a consideration of a day Wednesday tomorrow her trips to Libya of Security Egyptair Has Tomorrow to Resume Its Flights to Libya Cairo 4-6 (AFP) - said an official at the Egyptian
Marcu, Daniel
Stichproben. Wiener Zeitschrift fr kritische Afrikastudien Nr. 8/2005, 5. Jg. Constructions of territoriality in the Sahara
, African migrants on their way to Libya or Europe develop a specific form of territoriality based for Libya and Europe, has massively increased. Since then, several ten thousand migrants cross the Sahara, it is difficult to quantify this secret human traffic. #12;Stichproben238 among Agadez and Libya is still
HOST UNIVERSITIES: University of Abou Bekr Belkaid Tlemcen,
and Maritime Transport, Egypt University of Sirte, Libya Superior Institution of Science and Technology SCHOLARSHIPS FOR STUDY/RESEARCH IN MOROCCO|EGYPT|TUNISIA|ALGERIA|LIBYA AVAILABLE FOR UNDERGRADUATE|MASTER POST Doctorate 1800 Staff 2500 EU FUNDED SCHOLARSHIPS FOR STUDY/RESEARCH IN EU|MOROCCO|EGYPT TUNISIA|ALGERIA|LIBYA
Guidoni, Leonardo
Distinctive genetic signatures in the Libyan Jews Noah A. Rosenberg*
contained in Libya records the settlement of Jews from Egypt around 312 BCE (1, 2), and the ancient in the 6th century (1), and others may have arrived from Arabia and Syria with the Moslem conquest of Libya of North Africa, Libya did not serve as a major destination of Iberian Jews seeking refuge after their 1492
Rosenberg, Noah
Foreign Fishery Developments New Latin American
to be delivered. Libya has announced the formation of several joint fishery ventures with Af- rican countries/58.) Taiwan and Libya have both recently forn1ed joint venture fishing companies in Latin America. Taiwan Trawling Venture Libya and Guyana have agreed to set up a $5 million joint fishing company in which Guyana
Abdallah Eteleeb Information
, The Netherlands M.S., Information Systems Development June 2005 University of Eljabel Elgharbi, Zintan, Libya B, University of Eljabel Elgharbi, Zentan, Libya Adjunct Lecturer 2007-2008 Software Development Department, Higher Institute of Comprehensive Disciplines, Jado, Libya Adjunct Lecturer 2007-2008 Medical Information
Rouchka, Eric
An Unsupervised Approach to Recognizing Discourse Relations Daniel Marcu and Abdessamad Echihabi
, the sentence/clause pairs below. a. Such standards would preclude arms sales to states like Libya, which, for example, infer from sentence 1.a that "can- not buy arms legally(libya)", infer from sen- tence 1.b that "can buy arms legally(rwanda)", use our background knowledge in order to infer that "similar(libya
75IEEE Network November/December 2012 0890-8044/12/$25.00 2012 IEEE n December 2010, a wave of unrest shook the Arab
, Libya, Yemen, and Syria [1]. This unrest, often referred to as the Arab Spring, the Arab Awakening findings regarding the state of the Internet in Egypt, Libya, and Syria. The three countries show different tightly monitoring its citizens' access to the Internet for years, and in Libya the status is somewhere
Shavitt, Yuval
The impact of rising energy prices on household energy consumption and expenditure patterns: The Persian Gulf crisis as a case example
The Iraqi invasion of Kuwait and the subsequent war between Iraq and an international alliance led by the United States triggered immediate increases in world oil prices. Increases in world petroleum prices and in US petroleum imports resulted in higher petroleum prices for US customers. In this report, the effects of the Persian Gulf War and its aftermath are used to demonstrate the potential impacts of petroleum price changes on majority, black, and Hispanic households, as well as on poor and nonpoor households. The analysis is done by using the Minority Energy Assessment Model developed by Argonne National Laboratory for the US Department of Energy (DOE). The differential impacts of these price increases and fluctuations on poor and minority households raise significant issues for a variety of government agencies, including DOE. Although the Persian Gulf crisis is now over and world oil prices have returned to their prewar levels, the differential impacts of rising energy prices on poor and minority households as a result of any future crisis in the world oil market remains a significant long-term issue.
Henderson, L.J. (Baltimore Univ., MD (United States)); Poyer, D.A.; Teotia, A.P.S. (Argonne National Lab., IL (United States). Energy Systems Div.)
The oil policies of the Gulf Arab Nations
At its heart, Arab oil policy is inseparable from Arab economic and social policy. This holds whether we are talking about the Arab nations as a group or each separately. The seven Arab nations covered in this report-Bahrain, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates--participate in several organizations focusing on regional cooperation regarding economic development, social programs, and Islamic unity, as well as organizations concerned with oil policies. This report focuses on the oil-related activities of the countries that may reveal the de facto oil policies of the seven Persian Gulf nations. Nevertheless it should be kept in mind that the decision makers participating in the oil policy organizations are also involved with the collaborative efforts of these other organizations. Oil policies of five of the seven Arab nations are expressed within the forums of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC). Only Oman, among the seven, is not a member of either OAPEC or OPEC; Bahrain is a member of OAPEC but not of OPEC. OPEC and OAPEC provide forums for compromise and cooperation among their members. Nevertheless, each member state maintains its own sovereignty and follows its own policies. Each country deviates from the group prescription from time to time, depending upon individual circumstances.
Ripple, R.D.; Hagen, R.E.
Strategic Petroleum Reserve quarterly report
This August 15, 1991, Strategic Petroleum Reserve Quarterly Report describes activities related to the site development, oil acquisition, budget and cost of the Reserve during the period April 1, 1991, through June 30, 1991. The Strategic Petroleum Reserve storage facilities development program is proceeding on schedule. The Reserve's capacity is currently 726 million barrels. A total of 5.5 million barrels of new gross cavern volume was developed at Big Hill and Bayou Choctaw during the quarter. There were no crude oil deliveries to the Strategic Petroleum Reserve during the calendar quarter ending June 30, 1991. Acquisition of crude oil for the Reserve has been suspended since August 2, 1990, following the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq. As of June 30, 1991, the Strategic Petroleum Reserve inventory was 568.5 million barrels. The reorganization of the Office of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve became effective June 28, 1991. Under the new organization, the Strategic Petroleum Reserve Project Management Office in Louisiana will report to the Strategic Petroleum Reserve Program Office in Washington rather than the Oak Ridge Field Office in Tennessee. 2 tabs.
Tectonic synthesis of the northern Arabian platform
The creation and destruction of Tethys oceans from the early Mesozoic to the present has created a complex suture zone along the Zagros/Bitlus trend. The fundamental interactions are between the Arabian and Euasian plates, but several microplates trapped between the major plates further complicate the tectonic fabric of the region. On the west, the Arabian plate slides past the African plate and the Sinai microplate along the Levant fault. The Palmyrides are related to a bend in this plate boundary and are not an offset extension of the Syrian arc. As Arabia penetrates Eurasia the Anatolian block is escaping to the west along the northern (right-lateral) and eastern (left-lateral) faults. Convergence of the Eurasian and Arabian plates resulted in ophiolite abduction (Late Cretaceous), followed by continent-continent collision (Miocene to present). The zone of collision is marked by the Bitlis-Zagrosa suture. Structural features associated with the collision include overthrusting, impactogens, and complexly folded and faulted mountain systems. Intensity and complexity of structuring decreases southward into open long-wavelength folds on the Arabian Platform. The fortuitous combination of rich source rocks, abundant reservoir rocks with primary and fracture porosity, and numerous trapping structures make this an extraordinary prolific hydrocarbon province. A structural and lithologic interpretation of 53 contiguous Landsat Multispectral Scanner scenes covering all of Syria, Iraq, and Kuwait, and portions of Turkey, Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, and Saudi Arabia has provided insights into the tectonic history of this area and its hydrocarbon accumulation.
Everett, J.R.; Russell, O.R.; Stasxkowski, R.J.; Loyd, S.P.; Tabbutt, V.M. (Earth Satellite Corp., Chevy Chase, MD (USA)); Dolan, P.; Stein, A. (Dolan and Associates, Richmond (England)); Scott, J. (Petroleum Geological Analysis, Ltd., Reading (England))
Refining industry trends: Europe and surroundings
The European refining industry, along with its counterparts, is struggling with low profitability due to excess primary and conversion capacity, high operating costs and impending decisions of stringent environmental regulations that will require significant investments with hard to justify returns. This region was also faced in the early 1980s with excess capacity on the order of 4 MMb/d and satisfying the {open_quotes}at that point{close_quotes} demand by operating at very low utilization rates (60%). As was the case in the US, the rebalancing of the capacity led to the closure of some 51 refineries. Since the early 1990s, the increase in demand growth has essentially balanced the capacity threshold and utilization rates are settled around the 90% range. During the last two decades, the major oil companies have reduced their presence in the European refining sector, giving some state oil companies and producing countries the opportunity to gain access to the consumer market through the purchase of refining capacity in various countries-specifically, Kuwait in Italy; Libya and Venezuela in Germany; and Norway in other areas of Scandinavia. Although the market share for this new cast of characters remains small (4%) relative to participation by the majors (35%), their involvement in the European refining business set the foundation whereby US independent refiners relinquished control over assets that could not be operated profitably as part of a previous vertically integrated structure, unless access to the crude was ensured. The passage of time still seems to render this model valid.
Guariguata, U.G.
Redesign of Electrical Installations to Maximize the Use of Photo Voltaic (PV) Cells at the End Use of Consumers in Kuwait
) Photovoltaic PV 2010 1900 2 20 Photovoltaic PV2020 900 2 20 Table 2 gives the current price of Photovoltaic for Crystalline Silicon and Thin Films/Concentrators, while the price will be much reduced in the year 2020 as a result of using Thin Films... system was to meet a maximum demand load of 9710 MW in the year 2008, then the cost of one KW load was 19 475 /9710= 2005 US$/KW. By comparing this cost with the expected PV Photovoltaic in 2010 -given in Table 2 ? it is seems that the conventional...
Alatrash, J.; Mhaisen, N.; Ismail, Z.
Prof. Cauligi (Raghu) Raghavendra Vice Dean for Global Academic Initiatives
and Turkey DEN Opportunities: Kuwait Oil Company, Aviation Safety in IFEZ, Korea, PEMEX and UNAM in Mexico
Zhou, Chongwu
The More Things Stay the Same the More They Change : : Measuring Changing Levels of Human Rights Using Computational Methods
Fariss, Christopher J.
Countries with Estimated or Reported Tuberculosis Incidence, 2009 "High Incidence" areas are defined as areas with reported or estimated incidence of 20 cases per 100,000
China India Namibia Sri Lanka Colombia Indonesia Nepal Sudan Comoros Iraq Nicaragua Suriname Congo Japan
Myers, Lawrence C.
The European Mathematical Society Committee for Developing Countries
Conference on Revitalizing Research in Kurdistan in Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq. Among my projects for next year
and Iraq's historic rights, irrigation projects, dependence on agriculture and relationship with Kurdistan
Wolf, Aaron
Cryptanalysis and improvements on some graph-based authentication schemes
Salahaddin University, College of Science Mathematics Department, Kurdistan, Iraq email:herish omer69@yahoo
Coordinamento e Organizzazione Micaela Lepore,
Valorizzazione del Patrimonio culturale della Regione del Kurdistan in Iraq Carlo Giovanni Cereti, Dipartimento
Roma "La Sapienza", Università di
Wald L., Baleynaud J.-M., 1999. Observing air quality over the city of Nantes by means of Landsat thermal infrared data. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 20, 5, 947-959.
oil wells in Kuwait were set on fire. As a result smoke plumes have obscured the sky south of Kuwait. As an example, the relative monthly solar radiation in Bahrain, 600 km south-east of Kuwait, was reduced by upto
Selected Abstracts & Bibliography of International Oil Spill Research, through 1998
Kuwait, Middle East, oil and gas fields, oil refinery, oil waste, oil well,Equipment Kuwait Oil Co. 1991. Mideast well fire, oil spillKuwait, Persian Gulf, Saudia Arabia, Oil spill, cleanup, oil spills, crude, oil spill incidents, oil spills-pipeline, warfare, oil skimmers, oil wells,
Louisiana Applied Oil Spill Research & Development Program Electronic Bibliography
Worldwide threat assessment brief to the Senate Select Committee on intelligence statement for the record
This report outlines the threats to the United States and its interests now and into the next century. We still call this the post-Cold War world. Among the opportunities and challenges of our time, there is not yet one dominant enough to define the era on its own terms and give it a name. Looking beyond our borders, we see much that is uncertain: The stability of many regions of the world is threatened by ethnic turmoil and humanitarian crises. Two great powers, Russia and China, are in the process of metamorphosis and their final shape is still very much in question.-Free nations of the world are threatened by rogue nations - - Iran, Iraq, North Korea, and Libya, that have built up significant military forces and seek to acquire weapons of mass destruction. The world community is under assault from those who deal in proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, terrorism, drugs and crime. And the interdependence of the world economy has made us more vulnerable to economic shocks beyond our borders. The strategic threat to our continent is reduced, but the potential for surprise is greater than it was in the days when we could focus our energies on the well-recognized instruments of Soviet power. No one challenge today is yet as formidable as the threat from the former Soviet Union. If nurtured by neglect on our part, these new challenges could expand to threaten the growth of democracy and free markets. All the tools of national security -- diplomacy, the military, and intelligence -- must remain sharp. It is the task of the Intelligence Community to provide policymakers and military commanders with early warning of emerging problems -- warning that can allow us to avoid crisis or military conflict. We must continuously monitor and assess the threats so that our leaders can manage these wisely.
Deutch, J.
Rana Novini ATOC 3500 Open-air pits are used to burn garbage and other wastes at bases in Iraq and Afghanistan that lack
found in the study: Acetone, Acrolein**, Benzene, Carbon Disulfide, Chlorodifluoromethane, Chloromethane, Toluene Acrolein and Hexachlorobutadiene were occasionally detected far above the MEG ratio--over 1800 percent above the MEG for Acrolein and over 500 percent above the MEG for Hexachlorobutadiene. Plaintiffs
Toohey, Darin W.
of the disruption of oil production and distribution in therespect to Persian Gulf oil production, since it reflectssectors, especially oil production and drilling sectors.
Collateral Damage In Iraq and Capital Punishment in the U.S.: How the Public Makes Sense of Extreme Violence and Death
justice system, the degree to which middle scorers buy in to the master narratives or national stories regarding justifications for collateral damage, and ability of middles to formulate and articulate counter narratives. The continued relevancy of Erich...
Capps, Jason Scott
Links Between Conflict and Economic Activity." The JournalFirms? � The American Economic Review, Vol 97, no. 5, ppKilian, Lutz. 2008. "The Economic Effects of Energy Price
Forthcoming. �The Impact of Oil Price Shocks on the U.S.On the Dynamic Effects of Oil Price Shocks: A Study Usingand Destruction Responses to Oil Price Changes. � Journal of
increase short-term oil prices, investment opportunities infor oil drilling, which would be a good investment relativeoil and other energy related industries. On the other hand, industries in which consumer demand and investment
that increases short-term demand for oil. 10 More generally,short-term spikes in the demand for oil have had as large ana spike in short term demand for oil in anticipation of such
The Search for Sustainable Legitimacy: Environmental Law and Bureaucracy in China
Libya, Egypt, Syria and elsewhere have kept issues of authoritarian legitimacy at the forefront in The practices of local government �stability
Wang, Alex
deterrence, to U.S. security and international stability. A nation that wishes to acquire nuclear weap administration, Libya renounced its nuclear program. In each case, these
JPRS report: Nuclear developments, [March 14, 1988
This report contains information concerning the nuclear developments of the following countries: Libya, India, Pakistan, Soviet Union, Austria, Federal Republic of Germany, and Finland.
Volume 131, Number 25 tech.mit.edu Friday, May 6, 2011 Oldest and Largest
mother! Send news information and tips to firstname.lastname@example.com. IS SyRIA lIkE lIbyA? And does the global
23940 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 82 / Tuesday, April 29, 2014 / Notices Referrals from political organizations
, Libya and Jordan, Tel: +20 2 27972298, Fax: +20 2 27972255, email@example.com. Assad Barsoum
: French North Africa ERYP~ Libya Rio de Oro and Cape Juby Asia: China India and Burma Indo China A,B B
Volume 131, Number 49 tech.mit.edu Tuesday, November 1, 2011 Oldest and Largest
Obama got a great deal in Libya He should seek more bargains OPINION, p. 5 fRIDAy NIgHTS AT THE 'TUTE
China Energy Primer
Yenikeyeff, Shamil (2008), �Kazakhstan�s Gas: Export MarketsRussian Federation Libya Kazakhstan Nigeria Canada US Qatarconnecting Atasu in Northern Kazakhstan with Alashankou in
Ni, Chun Chun
E-Print Network 3.0 - african ivory nut Sample Search Results
Cameroon... Lesotho Sierra Leone Cape Verde Liberia Somalia Central African Rep Libya South Africa Chad Source: Grant, James D.E. - Fakultt fr Mathematik, Universitt Wien...
MATHEMATICS India and West Asia 2014 Inverse problems : Theory and applications CIMPA-KURDISTAN-IRAQ Erbil, Kurdistan-Iraq, May 5-14 Mock Modular Forms CIMPA-ICTP-INDIA Research School co-sponsored with ICTP
Asymmetric Threat Assessment Tool (ATAT) Gary W. King, Matthew Schmill, Andrew Hannon. Paul Cohen
in Bosnia, Somalia and Iraq implies that the psychological hearts-and-minds effects are often of greater, infrastructure and information (PMESII) factors. Indeed, our experience in Bosnia, Somalia and Iraq implies
in the nation-states of Tunisia and Egypt to brutal repression in the tribal societies of Libya, Syria, Bahrain for revolutions is that of Yemen, Libya and others in the making. In these cases, unfortunately, tribal in the Middle East and the heart of the Arab world. Making sure Egypt succeeds is essential for the stability
Zewail, Ahmed
://www.uonbi.ac.ke KENYA Maseno University 09/07/2012 http://maseno.ac.ke/index/ LIBYA University of Garyounis 07.07.2005 http://www.garyounis.edu LIBYA Al-Arab Medical University 20.05.2010 http://www.amu.edu.ly MADAGASCAR
Meteoritics & Planetary Science 42, Nr 3, 413466 (2007) http://meteoritics.org
); moderate weathering. Type specimen: A total of 340 g is on deposit at EMRA. Libya Dar al Gani 1042 27°10.92N, 16°18.01E Dar al Gani region, Al Jufrah, Libya Find: 1999 Achondrite (lunar, feldspathic regolith
Africa Aerosol Optical Depth Obtained From MISR
OpticalDepth Central African Republic Chad Djibouti Egypt Ethiopia Libya Kenya Somalia Sudan Uganda #12;Southern Africa Ethiopia Libya Kenya Somalia Sudan Uganda #12;Southern Africa 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 Mean Seasonal
Frank, Thomas D.
Overview of the 2014 ALTA Shared Task: Identifying Expressions of Locations in Tweets
the US and UK in advising their nationals in Libya to leave immediately http://bbc.in/1rVmrDJ France, Germany, US, UK, Libya Dutch investigators not going to MH17 crash site in eastern Ukraine due to security
://www.jkuat.ac.ke KENYA University of Nairobi 20.06.2002 http://www.uonbi.ac.ke LIBYA University of Garyounis 07.07.2005 http://www.garyounis.edu LIBYA Al-Arab Medical University 20.05.2010 http://www.amu.edu.ly MADAGASCAR
July 2011AMERICAN METEOROlOGICAl SOCIETy | 855 AFFILIATIONS: Mildrexler, Zhao, and running--Numerical
place on Earth." Nine years later in El Azizia, Libya, an air temperature of 57.8°C (136°F) was recorded States to Libya. The 1922 air temperature measurement from El Azizia has never been surpassed. In reality
Montana, University of
Volume 131, Number 11 tech.mit.edu Tuesday, March 8, 2011 Oldest and Largest
intervention in Libya is justified OPINION, p. 5 SAy NO TO SETTlEMENTS For peace, settlements in the West Bank must be addressed OPINION, p. 4 WHAT TO lEARN fROM lIbyA We need to wake up and see that it's some
Tuesday, March 14, 2006 POSTER SESSION I: LUNAR BASALTIC VOLCANISM
Africa 003-A is a 124 g new lunar meteorite (low-Ti mare basalt) found in northern Libya in the wadi Zam lithology of a new, 124 g lunar meteorite Northeast Africa 003 found in northern Libya in the wadi Zam Zam
Updated 8-14 Sandy MacIsaac
support to Coalition Forces throughout Iraq. In 1995, Mr. MacIsaac was recognized as the Kings County, CA
Political performance of violence : Palestinian female bombers and the politics of visual representation
bombs. Today, members of the Kurdistan Workers Party and thein Chechnya, Iraq, Kurdistan and Indonesia responded to the
Salimi, Rana; Salimi, Rana
10/10/2012 The University of Sheffield John Connolly, Associate Director
experience · A welcoming city · Recognised by key sponsors in Iraq and Kurdistan: HCED, KRG, MOHESR 10
Stevenson, Mark
America and the Misshaping of a New World Order
the World Tribunal on Iraq (WTI) held in Istanbul in Juneinternational criminal law. The WTI heard testimony from ?
Gunn, Giles; Guti�rrez-Jones, Carl
Reuters News Article http://www.reuters.com/printerFriendlyPopup.jhtml?type=topNews... 1 of 1 1/13/04 11:45 AM
the U.S.-led war in Iraq, has backed the remote northern Japanese fishing village of Rokkasho as ITER
WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2011: Warning about the dangers of tobacco
Kuwait, Madagascar, Montenegro, Myanmar, Niger, Norway,Luxembourg Malta Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway PolandLuxembourg Malta Monaco 7 Montenegro Netherlands Norway
The role of aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) in sustainbility.
??Kuwait is an arid country situated at the head of the Arabian Gulf and its water resources can be classified into three significant types: (1)� (more)
AlRukaibi, Duaij
Volunteer Day Countries Represented
Haiti Iran Korea Kuwait Russia Saudi Arabia Spain Taiwan Turkey Venezuela Vietnam Manners and Culture Q's warm-weather fashion, and we have a lot of warm w
air museum regional: Topics by E-print Network
the smallest influence of fossil Krakauer, Nir Y. 50 Daylighting systems for the Kuwait National Museum Texas A&M University - TxSpace Summary: Daylight in Museums...
Essays on the politics of regulation
Iran Israel Jamaica Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kuwait KyrgyzHungary Tajikistan Romania Kazakhstan Senegal Czech RepublicBosnia and Herzegovina Kazakhstan Turkey Poland Belarus
Weymouth, Stephen
http://onlinex.mit.edu/bigdata Registrations by Country
Cyprus Kazakstan Portugal Ukraine Czech Republic Kenya Puerto Rico United Arab Emirates Denmark Kuwait Qatar United Kingdom Ecuador Latvia Republic of Korea United States Vietnam #12;http
Jackson, Daniel
E-Print Network 3.0 - agroforest sulawesi indonesia Sample Search...
- Aceh, Papua, Central Sulawesi, Maluku Kenya Kuwait Liberia Myanmar (former Burma) Nepal Nigeria... Former USSR - Azerbaijan Kyrgystan Tajikistan Turkmenistan Guatemala Guyana...
Demand and Price Uncertainty: Rational Habits in International Gasoline Demand
Sterner. 1991. Analysing gasoline demand elasticities: A2011. Measuring global gasoline and diesel price and incomeMutairi. 1995. Demand for gasoline in Kuwait: An empirical
Scott, K. Rebecca
E-Print Network 3.0 - arab emirates 4-7 Sample Search Results
Summary: OF AMERICA TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO KUWAIT UNITED ARAB EMIRATES GUAM BAHRAIN NETHERLAND ANTILLES QATAR U.S. VIRGIN... ISLANDS (MALVINAS) LUXEMBOURG UNITED STATES OF AMERICA...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arab emirates united Sample Search Results
E-Print Network 3.0 - ain-united arab emirates Sample Search...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arab emirates earthquakes Sample Search...
Libyan oil industry
Three aspects of the growth and progress of Libya's oil industry since the first crude oil discovery in 1961 are: (1) relations between the Libyan government and the concessionary oil companies; (2) the impact of Libyan oil and events in Libya on the petroleum markets of Europe and the world; and (3) the response of the Libyan economy to the development of its oil industry. The historical review begins with Libya's becoming a sovereign nation in 1951 and traces its subsequent development into a position as a leading world oil producer. 54 references, 10 figures, 55 tables.
Waddams, F.C.
E-Print Network 3.0 - apulia southern italy Sample Search Results
Ionian Basin R. Catalano,1 Summary: , bordered by southern Italy to the west and north, Greece to the east, and offshore Libya to the south... analysis of fault-controlled...
Letters to ESEX High resolution transmission electron microscopy
), in south-eastern Libya (Haber- land, 1975), on gibbers (Jessup, 1960) and bedrock faces in Australia (Tratebas et al., 2004), and stone monuments (Paradise, 2005) and can act as an agent of rock art stability
Dorn, Ron
Published: 21 May 2012 Egyptians Are Still Marching forward toward
. Unlike in nearby Syria or earlier in Libya, the Egyptian Army has, in my view, taken the high road-rich society have, in despair, yearned for the old stability. True, there are chaotic symptoms
ERASURE OF FIRST-ORDER TRIBUTARIES VIA CLIMATE CHANGE: LESSONS FOR MARS FROM EARTH. Ted A. Maxwell, J.A. Grant, B.A. Campbell, R. Irwin III, M. Bourke and A. Johnston, Center for Earth
infilling, landscape lowering and stabilization by development of a lag surface, and planation due to sand and Libya, and on the limestone plateau that separates the western Desert of Egypt with the Nile valley
Bourke, Mary C.
Possible energy effects of a US ban on Libyan oil imports
Under current slack market conditions, a ban on trade with Libya is not likely to have a major impact on US oil supplies or prices. Current US oil imports from Libya are small, and oil is readily available from other sources. Libya could experience a temporary loss of oil revenues until it found new customers. Tight market conditions - unlikely in 1982 - would maximize the potential adverse effects on the United States and minimize those on Libya. US oil companies - both those producing and refining Libyan oil - are more likely to feel the adverse effects of a trade ban than the United States as a whole. Although a ban would probably prevent direct imports of Libyan oil from entering the United States, some Libyan oil could still enter the country as products refined elsewhere.
Peach, J.D.
Africa; Expanding market creates more gas lines
The authors report on pipeline development activities in Africa. They discuss how a growing European market for gas has increased potential pipeline construction in Africa, especially for Algeria, Egypt, and Libya.
Quarles, W.R.; Thiede, K.; Parent, L.
Director, Smalley Nano & Energy
& Gas 14 World Oil Reserves Top Ten Owner Companies Venezuela 10% Abu Dhabi 7% Mexico 6% Libya 3 World Oil Reserves: Appro of Dallas Board of Councilors December 7, 1995 #12;#12;Oil will become scarce, and then gas
China's policy towards US adversaries
If the Chinese government is trying to reassure the US that China's rise is not threatening, why does China diplomatically support adversaries of the US such as Iran, Sudan, Libya, and Syria? This thesis shows that soft ...
Swartz, Peter Goodings
U.S.-Africa Energy Ministerial Co-Chairs' Summary from Energy...
Republic of the Gambia, the Republic of Ghana, the Republic of Guinea, the Republic of Kenya, the Kingdom of Lesotho, the Republic of Liberia, Libya, the Republic of Malawi, the...
Opportunities exist for the diversion of weapons-usable material at the front end of the fuel cycle, during which
, North Korea, Pakistan, and South Africa. (South Africa abandoned its nuclear weapons in 1991. Libya of setting up its own enrichment or spent-fuel treat- ment facilities is enormous. Countries with a new
Laughlin, Robert B.
The Relations of Terror and Immigration: Preventive Solutions
Iraq continued to increase. Present arrangements with Iraq also highlight self-serving interests of the U.S. As Andrew Kramer of the New York Times reported in June of 2008, ?Exxon Mobil, Shell, Total and BP ? the original partners in the Iraq... factory laws and consumer protection laws and limiting the growth of monopolies. To address these issues, several monopolies were dismantled and several industries and services were nationalized around the world. Keynesian economics took over...
Ryder, Frances I.
international engagement
Energy Agency (NEA), Argentina, Armenia, Brazil, China, Georgia, Iraq, Japan, Mexico, Russia, South Korea, and Taiwan.� New initiatives are under development with India,...
Memory as Antidote: Remembering Repression from Latin America to Katrina: KLEIN, NAOMI. The Shock Doctrine. The Rise of Disaster Capitalism. Toronto: Knopf, 2007. 662 pages.
means of torture. and how the CIA conducted research appHedin Iraq. America through CIA sup- and the connections Klein
Santos, Alessandra
Artificial Borders and Mass Violence
with the more probable Kurdistan in northern Iraq and Syria.of the periphery of Kurdistan, sectarian identity would bepopulation into a greater Kurdistan. But extraregional
Gonzalez, Nathan
Contemporary Korean/American Evangelical Missions: Politics of Space, Gender, and Difference
Azerbaijan, Iraq, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan. The third casemillion ethnic Koreans in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan fallAviv, Israel; Almaty, Kazakhstan; Pyongyang, North Korea;
Han, Ju Hui Judy
Go Global Newsletter, Winter/Spring 2006
The World Tribunal on Iraq (WTI) held its final session inits inception and conduct. The WTI is one expression of themoral globalization. � The WTI generated intense interest in
Global & International Studies
analysis identifies jnk: Topics by E-print Network
(Iraq). Heyam Daod 283 Contribution of Identified Active Faults to Near Fault Seismic Hazard in the Flinders Ranges Geosciences Websites Summary: Contribution of...
analysis identifies tlr7: Topics by E-print Network
(Iraq). Heyam Daod 265 Contribution of Identified Active Faults to Near Fault Seismic Hazard in the Flinders Ranges Geosciences Websites Summary: Contribution of...
analysis identifies age-associated: Topics by E-print Network
analysis identifies pde4d: Topics by E-print Network
(Iraq). Heyam Daod 268 Contribution of Identified Active Faults to Near Fault Seismic Hazard in the Flinders Ranges Geosciences Websites Summary: Contribution of...
analysis identifies amphiregulin: Topics by E-print Network
(Iraq). Heyam Daod 266 Contribution of Identified Active Faults to Near Fault Seismic Hazard in the Flinders Ranges Geosciences Websites Summary: Contribution of...
In DC and Around the Nation: Join the National Day of Service...
Ben Folds, Iraq war veteran and Delaware Attorney General Beau Biden, American Heart Association spokesperson and television personality Star Jones, actress Angela...
Syria's alignment with Iran and efforts to encourage Syrian defection.
??Since the Iranian revolution in 1979, Syria and Iran have maintained a strategic alliance. Syria supported Iran throughout the Iran-Iraq war and Iran has been� (more)
Rasmussen, Zachary Bret
E-Print Network 3.0 - armed conflicts wartime Sample Search Results
of small arms is a common phenomenon in post-conflict countries. The Iraq... -Nepal border during the time of armed conflict and ... Source: Richner, Heinz - Zoologischen...
Alerting Humanitarians to Emergencies PARIS, Jan 12 (Reuters) -Europe could build a disputed experimental nuclear
to punish it for opposing the U.S.-led war in Iraq, has backed the remote northern Japanese fishing village
Alerting Humanitarians to Emergencies MOSCOW, Jan 15 (Reuters) -Russia on Thursday declined Japanese pleas to
as a bid to punish it for opposing the U.S.-led war in Iraq -- back Japan's fishing village of Rokkasho
E-Print Network 3.0 - aromatic hydrocarbon compounds Sample Search...
bases in Iraq and Afghanistan that lack Summary: Compounds Toxic Organic Halogenated Dioxins Furans (dioxins) Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons found... and detected all of the...
E-Print Network 3.0 - aromatic organic compounds Sample Search...
E-Print Network 3.0 - aromatic chemical compounds Sample Search...
bases in Iraq and Afghanistan that lack Summary: Compounds Toxic Organic Halogenated Dioxins Furans (dioxins) Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons found... in burn pits include, but...
Microsoft Word - FIA-13-0003.doc
filed a FOIA Request seeking "The April 11, 2001 Daily Intelligence Highlight, 'Iraq: Aluminum Alloy Tube Purchase.'" See FOIA Request from Roger Strother, National Security...
robots.txt for http://www.whitehouse.gov/ User-agent: * Disallow: /cgi ...
... Disallow: /infocus/education/text Disallow: /infocus/educationreform/iraq Disallow: ... /infocus/medicalliability/text Disallow: /infocus/medicare/health-care/
E-Print Network 3.0 - arab emirates evaluation Sample Search...
emirates evaluation Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Saudi Arabia Afghanistan Summary: India Iran Saudi Arabia Pakistan Yemen Iraq Oman Somalia Afghanistan Ethiopia United Arab...
Talabani Iraq pu jing Putin Russia bu shi Bush US sha bi er Shabir Afghanistan bu le er Blair UK ying show
Kuwaiti oil sector shows more signs of recovery
This paper reports that Kuwait's oil sector continues to show signs of recovery from the Persian Gulf war. On Mar. 23 Kuwait Petroleum Co. (KPC) loaded the country's first shipment of liquefied petroleum gas for export since the Iraqi invasion in August 1990. In addition, the first shipment of Kuwaiti crude recovered from giant oil lakes formed by hundreds of wild wells sabotaged in the war was to arrive by tanker in Naples, Italy, late last month. The tanker is carrying 210,000 bbl of crude. However, the project to clean up the lakes and recover more oil, undertaken by Bechtel Corp. with Kuwait Oil Co. (KOC), has reached a stand still.
Oil/gas separator for installation at burning wells
An oil/gas separator is disclosed that can be utilized to return the burning wells in Kuwait to production. Advantageously, a crane is used to install the separator at a safe distance from the well. The gas from the well is burned off at the site, and the oil is immediately pumped into Kuwait`s oil gathering system. Diverters inside the separator prevent the oil jet coming out of the well from reaching the top vents where the gas is burned. The oil falls back down, and is pumped from an annular oil catcher at the bottom of the separator, or from the concrete cellar surrounding the well.
Alonso, C.T.; Bender, D.A.; Bowman, B.R. [and others
Applications of COSMIC to Meteorology and Climate Richard A. Anthes
the response of the global atmosphere to regional events such as volcanic eruptions, the Kuwait oil fires and physical adjustment mechanisms, the wind fields as well. These improved analyses and forecasts will provide
): Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), using three robust and highly regarded nonlinearity tests. In addition, the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) was tested in this dissertation for the GCC stock markets using...
Alharbi, Abdullah M. H.
9 0 A S T R O N O M Y N O W / J U N 2 0 0 2 he current debate over missile defence
Saddam Hussein, who set fire to the oil wells in Kuwait and caused an environmental disaster hazardous for peaceful as well as military purposes. Every bit of debris in orbit higher than about 800 km
California at Santa Cruz, University of
Use of Plant Toom Logbook Data to Establish Performance of a Cooling Production System
and applies the same for an office building in Kuwait. Data collected between March and October 2004 were analyzed. Inadequate control of supply water temperature and low chiller loading were identified as the key parameters leading to inefficiency of cooling...
Hajiah, A. E.; Maheshwari, G. P.; ElSherbini, A. I.
2, 129164, 2005 The circulation of the
. Countries bordering the Persian Gulf are the15 United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, and is surrounded by most of the Earth's deserts. The most known weather phenomenon in the Persian Gulf
arabian persian gulf: Topics by E-print Network
Myre, Peggy Lynne 2012-06-07 108 This paper provides the first estimates of SGD to the Kuwait coastline in the Arabian Gulf. Seawater evaporation leads to density driven exchange...
of Kuwait, the 1990 amendments to the Clean Air Act, the December 1989 crisis in heating oil markets, the 20th anniversary of Earth Day, concerns about global climate change,...
Improving the Water Efficiency of Cooling Production System
For most of the time, cooling towers (CTs) of cooling systems operate under partial load conditions and by regulating the air circulation with a variable frequency drive (VFD), significant reduction in the fan power can be achieved. In Kuwait...
Maheshwari, G.; Al-Hadban, Y.; Al-Taqi, H. H.; Alasseri, R.
Importance of Design Conditions for Sizing Air-Conditioning Plant
. The proposed design conditions specific to the location and the application are drastically different than currently used single design conditions for all application and locations. Cooling load estimates fro two building located in Kuwait have been analyzed...
Shaban, N.; Maheshwari, G. P.; Suri, R. K.
Smart Operations of Air-Conditioning and Lighting Systems in a Government Buildings for Peak Power Reduction
This paper presents the achievements of implementing smart operations strategies for air-conditioning (A/C) and lighting systems in Justice Palace Complex (JPC), Kuwait during the summer 2007. The peak load of this building was 3700 k...
Al-Hadban, Y.; Maheshwari, G. P.; Al-Nakib, D.; Al-Mulla, A.; Alasseri, R.
Positive pressure induced channeled suction cups
Leaking in water pipe is a critical issue in Middle Eastern countries such as Kuwait where water is scarce. In-pipe robots can be dispatched to discover the network and inspect the inner surface of the pipe. This thesis ...
Yang, Shannon X. (Shannon Xuan)
University Health Center Name The University of Georgia UGA ID # 81
incidence rates of > 20 cases per 100,000 population. University Health Center review Date Page 2 Republic Republic of Korea Nigeria Suriname Armenia Ecuador Kuwait Niue Swaziland Azerbaijan Egypt
Kissinger, Jessica
Oil and gas developments in Middle East in 1983
Petroleum production in Middle East countries during 1983 totaled 4,275,054,000 bbl (an average rate of 11,712,476 BOPD), down 3.7% from the revised total of 4,440,841,000 bbl produced in 1982. Iran, Kuwait, the Kuwait-Saudi Arabia Divided Neutral Zone, and Oman had significant increases. Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Abu Dhabi had significant decreases. 8 figures, 9 tables.
Hemer, D.O.; Pickford, P.J.
Be Careful What You Wish For: Some thoughts on maximizing value from your simulations
and the world needs. · Helping achieve higher yield potential through plant biotechnology · Enabling better Petrochemical Company K.S.C · JV: The Kuwait Olefins Company K.S.C. · JV: The SCG-Dow Group · JV: Sadara: EQUATE Petrochemical Company K.S.C · JV: The SCG-Dow Group · JV: The Kuwait Olefins Company K.S.C 7 ® #12
Grossmann, Ignacio E.
Compiled by James A. Zeidler, Ph.D.
and Posters: Iraq/Afghanistan (2007)...............................8-11 Egypt--Operation Bright Star (2009........................21 Country-Specific Web Sites for Iraq, Afghanistan, and Egypt (Revised 2010)............................22-25 Web-Based CPP Training Module............................26-27 Shopping in Egypt
Oil and gas developments in North Africa in 1986
Licensed oil acreage in the 6 North Africa countries (Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan and Tunisia) totaled 1,500,000 km/sup 2/ at the end of 1986, down 290,000 km/sup 2/ from 1985. About 50% of the relinquishments were in Libya. Most oil and gas discoveries were made in Egypt (16 oil and 2 gas). Several oil finds were reported in onshore Libya, and 1 was reported in Algeria in the southeastern Sahara. According to available statistics, development drilling decreased from 1985 levels, except in Tunisia. A 6.3% decline in oil production took place in 1986, falling below the 3 million bbl level (2,912,000 b/d). Only sparse data are released on the gas output in North Africa. 6 figures, 27 tables.
Michel, R.C.
17.953 U.S. Military Budget and Force Planning, Fall 2004
The United States is spending about $400 billion this year on national defense, some $40 billion on homeland security, and $85 billion on military operations and nation-building in Iraq and Afghanistan. This course is for ...
Williams, Cindy
Computational modeling of primary blast effects on the human brain
Since the beginning of the military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, there have been over 250,000 diagnoses of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the U.S. military, with the majority of incidents caused by improvised explosive ...
Nyein, Michelle K. (Michelle Kyaw)
Computational modeling of blast-induced traumatic brain injury
Blast-induced TBI has gained prominence in recent years due to the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, yet little is known about the mechanical effects of blasts on the human head; no injury thresholds have been established ...
In Silico Investigation of Intracranial Blast Mitigation with Relevance to Military Traumatic Brain Injury
Blast-induced traumatic brain injury is the most prevalent military injury in Iraq and Afghanistan, yet little is known about the mechanical effects of blasts on the human head, and still less is known about how personal ...
Nyein, Michelle K.
Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Update (EIA)
ex- ceeded demand (by 1.02 million gallons per day) dur- ing this period. In the political domain, tensions between the United Nations and Iraq over the terms of the weapons...
EIA Energy Information Administration
barrel (22.05) as diplomatic sources in the Middle East indicate that the IranIraq political and military situation may be worsening. Storage: Net injections increased by almost...
of pre-strike levels, market watchers began to place greater emphasis on in- creasing political tensions in- volving Iraq. U.S. President George W. Bush and other ad- ministration...
www.sciam.com SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN 33 SustainableDevelopments
, grasslands, tropical for- ests, and oil and gas reserves. We are massively and quickly changing the global alternatives, including much safer ways to use the vast remaining coal reserves. The mis- guided Iraq War
Syracuse University Press has an active publishing program in Middle East
the relationship between the Kurdistan region and Iraq's central government. This much-needed new book focuses of external assistance to the Kurdistan region over time has given it new forms of legitimacy and leverage
McConnell, Terry
Aspect as the Source of Diathesis in North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic and Beyond with Remarks on Transitivity, Accusativity, Ergativity and Case
-Eastern Neo-Aramaic (NENA), its dialects originate mainly in Kurdistan (currently shared between Turkey, Iraq hand some 20 thousand Jews, most of whom call it Aramaic save those of Northwestern Iraqi Kurdistan
The Interlanguage Phonology of Kurdish EFL Learners: The Case of Rendering Vowels in English by the Kurdish EFL Learners�
in Kurdistan Region of Iraq by which Kurdish EFL learners use this standard accent in their academic life. Accordingly, there are various kinds of mistakes that are done by Kurdish students when they attempt to pronounce vowels (monophthongs). To investigate...
Alswary, Tara I A
(Kurdistan). On the formal level, all legislations, laws, and official documents should be in both languages. The Iraqi constitution itself is written in SA and Kurdish. A range of other minority languages are spoken by different ethnic groups in Iraq...
Murad, Mohammed Kamil
Optimization-based allocation of force protection resources in an asymmetric environment
More than four years after the end of major combat operations in the 2003 Iraq War, the United States military continues to sustain casualties at rates higher than those during the ground campaign. Combat service support ...
DeGregory, Keith W. (Keith William)
In the shadow of segregation : women's identity in the modern Iraqi house
This thesis intends to develop a critical perspective on the culture and politics of the modern house in Iraq. It advances the discussion from the authoritative religious environment of women's segregation in the Islamic ...
Ani, Raya H
'the War-Prayer' in U. S. Popular Culture
Resources for Times of War or National Crisis. � 31 Jan.Resonate Still with Iraq War. � St. Louis Post-Dispatch 132005: B1. Pyle, David. �Why a War-Prayer? � 11 July 2004. 26
Han, John J.
Toward a Sociology of Public Confessions
An analysis of transcripts from three very different sets of public confessions--the Moscow Show Trials, the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission Amnesty Hearings, and Iraq Veterans Against the War's Winter ...
Decker, Stephanie Kristine
Aid and Peace A Critique of Foreign Assistance, Conflict and Development
..................................................... 63 3.11 Comparison of Lebanon and UMIC Nations .............................................. 64 3.12 Comparison Between Per Capita aid of LMICs and Pakistan .................... 66 3.13 Comparison Between Per Capita Aid of Iraq...
Kibriya, Shahriar
The impact of individual-, unit-, and enterprise-level factors on psychological health outcomes : a system dynamics study of the U.S. military
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other psychological health issues have emerged as a signature pathology of combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. However, the full continuum of care in the U.S. military for ...
Wang, Judy Y. H
Developing a Crowd Federate for Military Simulation Mikel D. Petty1
forces involved. U. S. military actions in Mogadishu, Bosnia, and Iraq exemplify the significant effects-throwing women and children. In Bosnia, U. S. Army soldiers had to disperse angry mobs of Serb hard-liners near
McKenzie, Rick
United Nations General Assembly First Committee
and potential candidates, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Serbia, the European Union is on the ground, as military, police or civilian presence, in Bosnia, Aceh, Iraq
Sussex, University of
The past, present, and future of Leishmania genomics and transcriptomics
, Peru Leishmania infantum V, C Old World: Afghanistan, Alba Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulg China, Cyprus, Croatia, Egypt, Iraq, Iran, Israel, Italy, Libyan Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Leban Mauritania, Monaco, Monten Portugal, Syria, Romania, Sen Spain, Sudan...
Cantacessi, Cinzia; Dantas-Torres, Filipe; Nolan, Matthew J.; Otranto, Domenico
Optimization-based routing and scheduling of IED-detection assets in contemporary military operations
Improvised Explosive Devices, or IEDs, have become a familiar and lethal part of contemporary military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, producing more casualties than any other weapons system. One reason for their success ...
Marks, Christopher E. (Christopher Edward)
The Role of the Japanese Diet in�Promoting Defense Transparency
the authoriza- tion of the SDF as part of the U.S. allianceParty on the authorization of SDF missions abroad. When theMeasures Laws, to the SDF�s Iraq mission authorization, to
KWONG, Jeffrey
Japan�s Approaches to DefenseTransparency: Perspectivesfrom the Japanese and Chinese�Defense Establishments
Japanese Self Defense Forces (SDF). Features of the Japaneseissues arise�such as the deployment of the SDF forces toIraq or Maritime SDF to the In- dian Ocean�an ad hoc
Fei, John
E-Print Network 3.0 - arab jamahiriya nigeria Sample Search Results
France 9 Jordan 9 Philippines 9 Portugal 9 Singapore 9... Mexico 8 Nigeria 8 Colombia 7 Egypt 7 Ghana 7 Iraq 7 Kenya 7 Spain 7 Finland 6 Angola 5 Australia 5 Source: Peterson,...
Stakeholder characteristics in rapid acquisition
The number of Joint Urgent Operational Needs has exploded with the Global War on Terror and the campaigns in Iraq and Afghanistan. The challenge to smaller urgent programs is the programs are not large enough to obtain top ...
Meyer, Michael J., S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Volume 90 / Number 75 / Tuesday, April 17, 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies
Japan 2012 LNG demand for power seen flat from 2011 3 Japan hikes oil imports from Libya, Africa 4 in energy imports last year, led by diesel, fuel oil and gas. The fingers were pointed hardest at YPF of diesel and gasoline sales. The government intends to turn things around with the takeover. (continued
U.S. NAVYPROGRAM GUIDE 2014 The U.S. Navy and Marine Corps team is the world's preeminent maritime force
global stability that underpins our country's economic vitality, and building trust and confidence with provocative North Korean actions. We patrolled off the shores of Syria,Libya,Egypt,Somalia,and Sudan aircraft carriers in the North Arabian Sea into Afghanistan, and arrayed our forces to enhance stability
Seismic Evidence for Water Deep in Earth's Upper Mantle
into wadsleyite rather than oli- vine, it stabilizes wadsleyite over a wider range of pressures and temperatures perovskite, thereby extending its stability phase (8). Moreover, recent studies indicate that the phase and Libya (18). Subduction was ubiquitous after 80 Ma. At present, active subduction zones are found
van der Lee, Suzan
1988 saw major efforts to spur foreign interest
This article discusses how Africa's large producers are offering incentives to attract exploration. Egypt is pushing new gas development, while Nigeria announced reduced taxes to lure foreign operators. Gabon has rejuvenated its production with discovery of a large new oil field. Libya is offering liberal concession terms, though the status of U.S. firms is uncertain.
Bell, G.D. (Gustavson Associates, Inc., Boulder, CO (USA))
Potential curbed by lack of funds
The author reviews the oil market in Africa. Some of the highlights are: Nigeria restructures NNPC to make it competitive, offers new terms; Libya redraws its concession terms in hopes of attracting more operators; New onshore finds may keep Gabon from becoming a producer in decline; and South Arica has struck what may be commercial oil south of Mossel Bay.
Efforts to spur foreign interest are paying off
This paper reports that new incentives implemented by the continent's major producers succeeded in attracting outside capital. Examples are the record number of new PSCs signed by Egypt last year, the $470 million committed for Algerian exploration and the speedy replacement of U.S. firms by Europeans in Libya.
Mind Meld Issue 3
disaster in Chernoble, the attack on Libya and, of course, the Challenger explosion. The explosion of the Challenger touched me very deeply ??? somewhat akin to when John F. Kennedy was assassinated. So, rather than looking back, I'm hoping that the 20...
Multiple Contributors
Relations between albedos and emissivities from MODIS and ASTER data over North African Desert
map over the arid areas of Algeria, Libya, and Tunisia in North Africa at 30 second (about 1 km) and 2 of incident solar energy reflected by the land surface in all directions. They determine the surface radiationRelations between albedos and emissivities from MODIS and ASTER data over North African Desert L
Zhou, Liming
Holocene freshwater carbonate structures in the hyper-arid Gebel Uweinat region of the Sahara Desert (Southwestern Egypt) q
Desert (Southwestern Egypt) q Margarita M. Marinova a,b , A. Nele Meckler c , Christopher P. McKay b region of the Sahara Desert, near the triple border of Egypt, Sudan, and Libya (N22°, E25°), re- ceives- ibrated years BP; Wendorf and expedition, 1977). While some parts of southwest Egypt have been extensively
Gilli, Adrian
Published: 25 April 2011 Fund Egypt's Future to Save the Arab Uprising
1 Published: 25 April 2011 Fund Egypt's Future to Save the Arab Uprising Op-Ed by Ahmed H. Zewail. The Egyptians brought down the head of the system, but not the system itself. That is the challenge now. Egypt between them, Egypt is united. In contrast, the second model for revolutions is that of Yemen, Libya
The Graduate School. The Graduate School encompasses the
-technical systems related to sustainable energy technologies. We also encourage proposals for research by design. Our current students come from all around the world - China, Mexico, Canada, Nigeria, Libya, Egypt and the thermal environment, sustainability and structures, practices and politics of architecture, design
Li, Yi
The United States and the Palestine question, 1939-1945
and converted the former Turkish provinces into rrandates under the auspices and. supsr- visory jurisdiction of the League of Nations. On April 25, 1920~ the principal Allied Powers at the San Relic Ccnference allotted the !!mndate for Syria and Lebanon... to the trust of France and the ma!date for Hesopotamia, later Iraq, and Palestine to Great Britain. All these mandated territories were to be prepared for eventual independence. The mar dates for Syria, Lebanon~ and Iraq recognized these coun- tries...
Lowery, Bruce Barton
REVIEW OF THE NEGOTIATION OF THE MODEL PROTOCOL ADDITIONAL TO THE AGREEMENT(S) BETWEEN STATE(S) AND THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY FOR THE APPLICATION OF SAFEGUARDS,INFCIRC/540 (Corrected) VOLUME I/III SETTING THE STAGE: 1991-1996.
Events in Iraq at the beginning of the 1990s demonstrated that the safeguards system of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) needed to be improved. It had failed, after all, to detect Iraq's clandestine nuclear weapon program even though some of Iraq's's activities had been pursued at inspected facilities in buildings adjacent to ones being inspected by the IAEA. Although there were aspects of the implementation of safeguards where the IAEA needed to improve, the primary limitations were considered to be part of the safeguards system itself. That system was based on the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty of 1970, to which Iraq was a party, and implemented on the basis of a model NPT safeguards agreement, published by the IAEA 1972 as INFCIRC/153 (corrected). The agreement calls for states to accept and for the IAEA to apply safeguards to all nuclear material in the state. Iraq was a party to such an agreement, but it violated the agreement by concealing nuclear material and other nuclear activities from the IAEA. Although the IAEA was inspecting in Iraq, it was hindered by aspects of the agreement that essentially limited its access to points in declared facilities and provided the IAEA with little information about nuclear activities anywhere else in Iraq. As a result, a major review of the NPT safeguards system was initiated by its Director General and Member States with the objective of finding the best means to enable the IAEA to detect both diversions from declared stocks and any undeclared nuclear material or activities in the state. Significant improvements that could be made within existing legal authority were taken quickly, most importantly a change in 1992 in how and when and what design information would be reported to the IAEA. During 1991-1996, the IAEA pursued intensive study, legal and technical analysis, and field trials and held numerous consultations with Member States. The Board of Governors discussed the issue of strengthening safeguards at almost all of its meeting.
Rosenthal, M.D.; Saum-Manning, L.; Houck, F.; Anzelon, G.
Oil flow resumes in war torn onshore Neutral Zone
Oil production has resumed in the war ravaged onshore fields of the Neutral Zone between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait 1 year after the end of Persian Gulf War. Initial production of about 40,000 b/d is expected to rise to 60,000 b/d by year end. This paper reports that prior to the January-February 1991 war to oust occupying Iraqi military forces from Kuwait, the Neutral Zone's Wafra, South Umm Gudair, and South Fuwaris onshore fields produced about 135,000 b/d.
DOE Patents [OSTI]
An oil/gas separator is disclosed that can be utilized to return the burning wells in Kuwait to production. Advantageously, a crane is used to install the separator at a safe distance from the well. The gas from the well is burned off at the site, and the oil is immediately pumped into Kuwait's oil gathering system. Diverters inside the separator prevent the oil jet coming out of the well from reaching the top vents where the gas is burned. The oil falls back down, and is pumped from an annular oil catcher at the bottom of the separator, or from the concrete cellar surrounding the well.
Alonso, C.T.; Bender, D.A.; Bowman, B.R.; Burnham, A.K.; Chesnut, D.A.; Comfort, W.J. III; Guymon, L.G.; Henning, C.D.; Pedersen, K.B.; Sefcik, J.A.; Smith, J.A.; Strauch, M.S.
Alonso, Carol T. (Orinda, CA); Bender, Donald A. (Dublin, CA); Bowman, Barry R. (Livermore, CA); Burnham, Alan K. (Livermore, CA); Chesnut, Dwayne A. (Pleasanton, CA); Comfort, III, William J. (Livermore, CA); Guymon, Lloyd G. (Livermore, CA); Henning, Carl D. (Livermore, CA); Pedersen, Knud B. (Livermore, CA); Sefcik, Joseph A. (Tracy, CA); Smith, Joseph A. (Livermore, CA); Strauch, Mark S. (Livermore, CA)
Testing and Evaluation of a Power Factor Correction for Power-Savings Potential
was then reduced from 13.9 to 3.0 kVAR (kilo volts amps reactive), the apparent power was decreased from 17.5 to 11.0 kVA (kilo volts amps). and the current was reduced from 23.4 to 14.5 amps. The Ministry of Electricity & Water (MEW) in Kuwait is expected...
Alotaibi, A.
INAMO #47 GolfStaaten-Gulf countries (Artikel * 2006) Beaugrand, Claire Nationalitt und Migration in den Golfstaaten
started to flock first to Bahrain where oil export began as early as in 1934, then Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, published in "INAMO 47 (2006) 10-14" #12;2 issue of oil revenues' distribution, affected the forms of movement control that were opted for, as well as the types of nationality issues that derived from it
A Concept from a Concern: THE ARCTIC EMERGENCY
oil well fires in Kuwait) WHAT IS THE ISSUE? #12;0000 - 4 MANY RELEVANT AND RECENT NEWS STORIES (particularly if oil is involved) What happens in (or near) one country could well generate a response from well fill that role in several countries, not just his own (recall `Red' Adair, the Texan, who put out
Kuligowski, Bob
Transcript of Wilkerson interview Col Lawrence Wilkerson, the chief of staff to former US Secretary of State Colin
to sit in Kuwait until the military forces had moved into Baghdad, and then going to Baghdad and other with some oil-field fires, put Ahmed Chalabi or some other similar Iraqi in charge and leave correct in assuming that? Well in the two decision-making processes into which I had the most insight
Colquhoun, David
Drilling continues upward momentum
This paper discusses how the drilling recovery that began during the second half of 1989 is continuing into 1990. On top of this, the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait has caused disarray in oil markets, driving up oil prices, and disrupting access to oil supplies. Potentially, this upheaval could lead to an upward spike in worldwide drilling activity.
Moritis, G.
California shrub rhizospheres, as well as two tree-colonizing Rhizobium strains (ATCC 10320 and ATCC 35645 aromatic hydrocarbons (4) and 2,5-dichloro- benzoate (5). In Kuwait, many crop species have been shown to grow in soil containing up to 10% crude oil by weight and to cleanse the rhizosphere of the crude oil
Wood, Thomas K.
A study on the temporal and spatial variability of absorbing aerosols using Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer and
, individual events, such as the Kuwait oil fire and Australian smoke plum, are isolated in individual higher cycle in the two data sets shows that the cycles agree very well both globally and regionally dust and biomass burning source regions, as well as dust transport. Finally, we find that large
National Center for Atmospheric Research annual report, fiscal year 1991. Report for 1 October 1990-30 September 1991
The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) annual report for fiscal year 1991 is presented. NCAR's projects for the period included investigations of air pollution from the oil well fires in Kuwait, a solar eclipse, thunderstorms in central Florida, the El Nino current, greenhouse processes, and upper atmosphere phenomena.
Warner, L.
Technical matters The practice and politics of geo-referencing
, Energy & Resources Group 2010 Association of American Geographers Annual Meeting #12;Laos? China Google, China, South Korea, Japan, Saudi Arabia Kuwait and other nations have been buying and leasing huge version of the 19th-century scramble for Africa."1 "A new geopolitics of hunger" 2 1. The Guardian UK, 22
Wright, Dawn Jeannine
Smart Operations of Air-Conditioning and Lighting Systems in Government Buildings for Peak Power Reduction
During the summer 2007 smart operation strategies for air-conditioning (A/C) and lighting systems were developed and tested in a number of governmental buildings in Kuwait as one of the solutions to reduce the national peak demand for electrical...
Conceptual Framework for the Use of Fish Parasites as Bioindicators of Acute and Chronic
Environmental Perturbation After the 2010 Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico 1Auburn University: Yucatan, Gulf of Mexico- exploratory oil well Ixtoc explodes, sinks (10.8, 5%) March 24th, 1989: Prince: Gulf of Mexico- oil tanker Megaborg fire (378, 189%) January 21st, 1991: Kuwait- Gulf War I, Iraqi
Kane, Andrew S.
Principles of petroleum legislation: The case of a developing country
This book analyses the development of Petroleum Law in Libya, which enacted legislation over a period of years to cover all aspects of exploration and exploitation of Libya's oil. It gives an account of the stages through which the legislation passed and surveys the practical issues which influenced its development. Contents include: Part 1 General Provisions: 1 Ownership of Petroleum; 2 Administration; 3 Petroleum Zones; 4 Eligibility. Part 2 Exploration Permits: 5 Permits under the Minerals Law and; under the Petroleum Law. Part 3 The Concession: 6 Application and Grant; 7 Working Obligations; 8 Rights under Concessions; 9 Surrender, Assignment, and Termination; 10 Settlement of Disputes. Part 4 Financial Provisions: 11 Fees and Surface Rents; 12 The Royalty; 13 Taxation; 14 Posted Price; 15 Income; 16 Profits; 17 Payment and Measurement of Petroleum; Part 5 Libyanisation of the Industry: 18 Process of Libyanisation.
Al-Qasem, A.
Africa planned gas lines will meet future demand
The burgeoning European market for natural gas is expected to create major gas line construction. The potential for North Africa looks particularly promising in 1991. Italy's ENI has proposed a 6,000-km (3,728-mi) gas network in North Africa to connect gas-rich Libya and Algeria with Morocco and Mauritania, making large volumes available to the European market. According to the proposal, a gas line would run from the Sirte Basin in Libya west to Mauritania. Extending the line eastward through Egypt and on to the Arabian Peninsula would provide export access. In this paper initial studies are examine reserve projections for the next 20 years, then based on results, a transmission/distribution network will be designed, including an offshore gathering system.
The North Korean missile program: How advanced is it?
For the past three years there have been increasing numbers of reports that North Korea is developing a 1,000-1,300-kilometer range missile generally referred to as the NoDongg-1. Pyongyang`s missile program has generated international concern because of North Korea`s potential nuclear capabilities, its proximity to South Korea and Japan and its reported missile sales to Iran, Syria and Libya. In June 1993, Japanese and South Korean wire services reported that North Korea had test fired several missiles into the Sea of Japan in late May, at least two of which were though to be NoDong-1 missiles. A missile with a 1,300-kilometer range would give North Korea the capability to reach all of Japan, and give Iran and Libya the capability to reach all of Israel.
Wright, D.; Kadyshev, T.
Oil and gas developments in North Africa in 1985
Petroleum rights in the 6 North African countries (Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan, and Tunisia) covered in this paper were 1,839,817 km/sup 2/ at the end of 1985, a decrease of 3% from the 1,896,446 km/sup 2/ held at the end of 1984. This decrease mainly is due to significant relinquishments made in Algeria, Egypt, and Tunisia. Morocco, however, had an increase of 18,087 km/sup 2/. Oil discoveries were reported in Algeria (possibly 5), Libya (at least 2), and Egypt (16). Only 1 gas find was made (in Morocco). According to sparse information, development drilling may have decreased markedly during 1985. Oil and condensate production increased by 3.1% to approximately 3,054,000 b/d compared to about 2,963,400 b/d in 1984. No statistics are currently available on gas production in North Africa. 8 figures, 27 tables.
The cost effectiveness of geotechnical investigations in commercial building construction
(83). The failure of an earth dam at Benghazi, Libya in December, 1977 provides another ii lustation of the extent of this problem. Water infiltration of a clay core caused this disaster. As stated by one of the failure's investigators, "remedial... has caused expensive foundation remedial measures to insure the stability of the building. 29 SAVINGS ON NAJOR PROJECTS Although it, seems clear that failure to conduct good soils studies often results in costs far exceeding any hopeful "savings...
Temple, Merdith Wyndham Bolling
Chad: World Oil Report 1991
This paper reports on Mango 1, which is an exploration well started in September 1990 on a block adjacent to Lake Chad by Esso, Chevron and Shell was suspended after the coup in that nation's capital later in the year. The small Sedigi oil field, discovered in the 70s, will be developed with a pipeline to a 3,000-bpd refinery. Improved relations with Libya and future internal stability may further open the door to exploration.
This report contains foreign media information on issues related to worldwide proliferation and transfer activities in nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons, including delivery systems and the transfer of weapons relevant technologies. The following locations are included: (1) South Africa, Namibia; (2) China; (3) South Korea, Australia, Indonesia, Japan, Philippines; (4) Yugoslavia; (5) Brazil, Argentina, Cuba; (6) India, Libya, Pakistan; (7) Soviet Union; and (8) France, Germany, Netherlands.
Africa: Prosperous times
Political instability and corruption is the rule, rather than the exception, in Africa`s main producing regions, but exploration and production prospects there are bright and attractive to foreign operators. The paper discusses exploration, drilling, resource development, and production in Nigeria, Libya, Algeria, Egypt, Angola, Congo, Gabon, and Tunisia. The other countries of Africa are briefly mentioned, i.e., Cameroon, Cote D`Ivoire, South Africa, Sudan, Namibia, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Zaire, Mozambique, Ghana, Niger, and Seychelles.
A Preliminary Look at the Crust and Upper Mantle of North Africa Using Libyan Seismic Data
In recent years, LLNL has been developing methods to jointly invert both surface wave dispersion data and teleseismic receiver functions. The technique holds great promise in accurately estimating seismic structure, including important tectonic parameters such as basin thickness, crustal thickness, upper mantle velocity, etc. We proposed applying this method to some recently available data from several Libyan stations, as we believe the technique has not been applied to any stations in Libya. The technique holds the promise of improving our understanding of the crust and upper mantle in Libya and North Africa. We recently requested seismic data from stations GHAR (Gharyan) and MARJ (Al Marj) in Libya for about 20 events. The events were large events at regional distances suitable for making dispersion measurements. An example of waveforms recorded at the two stations from an earthquake in Italy is shown in Figure 1. The paths traverse the Ionian Sea. Notice the slow short period group velocities of the surface waves across the Mediterranean, particularly to the easternmost station MARJ. However, because of data availability, signal-to-noise ratio, etc. we were unable to make measurements for every one of these events at both stations. Figure 2 shows a map of paths for 20 sec Rayleigh waves in the eastern Mediterranean region. Paths measured at the two Libyan stations are shown in green. Rayleigh wave dispersion measurements at 20 sec period are sensitive to velocities in the upper 20 km or so, and reveal sediment thickness, crustal velocity, and crustal thickness. Tomographic inversions reveal the sharp group velocity contrast between regions with deep sedimentary basins and those without. Figure 3, the result of an inversion made before adding the new dispersion measurements, shows slow group velocities in the Black Sea, Adriatic Sea, and Eastern Mediterranean. In general, these features correspond well with the sediment thickness model from Laske, shown in Figure 4. Details in and around the Sirt (Sirte) Basin in northern Libya, however, are poorly defined.
Pasyanos, M
Search for possible solar neutrino radiative decays during total solar eclipses
Total solar eclipses (TSEs) offer a good opportunity to look for photons produced in possible radiative decays of solar neutrinos. In this paper we briefly review the physics bases of such searches as well as the existing limits on the neutrino proper lifetimes obtained by such experiments. We the report on the observations performed in occasion of the 29 March 2006 TSE, from Waw an Namos, Libya.
S. Cecchini; D. Centomo; G. Giacomelli; R. Giacomelli; V. Popa
Legal improvements brighten North Africa production outlook
North Africa`s three main oil producing countries soon will reap benefits of past moves by their governments to encourage investment by international companies. Production of crude oil and natural gas in Algeria, Egypt, and Libya is ready to increase from suppressed levels of the recent past, says International Energy Agency, Paris. The gains are possible despite political risks, total reserves accounting for only 4% of the world`s crude reserves, and oil prices well below levels of the 1980s, when the countries` flow rates peaked. The reason: producing oil in North Africa is profitable. In a recent study entitled North Africa Oil and Gas, IEA attributes the bright production outlook to improvements that the countries` governments have made in the past decade to hydrocarbon laws and the fiscal terms they offer international investors. According to announced plans, the three countries` combined capacity to produce crude oil will rise 18% by the year 2000 to 3.65 million b/d, and a further gain of 700,000 b/d is possible. IEA expects production capacity for natural gas to increase 50% from its 1995 level by 2000 to a combined 139.4 billion cu m/year. This paper discusses production capacities, Algeria`s record, improvements in Egypt, and Libya`s changes.
North African petroleum geology: regional structure and stratigraphic overview of a hydrocarbon-rich cratonic area
North Africa, including Sinai, contains some of the most important hydrocarbon-producing basins in the world. The North African Symposium is devoted to examining the exploration potential of the North African margin in light of the most recent and promising exploration discoveries. The geologic variety of the region is extraordinary and can challenge any exploration philosophy. Of primary interest are the Sirte basin of Libya, which has produced several billion barrels of oil, and the Gulf of Suez, a narrow, evaporite-capped trough with five fields that will produce more than 5 billion bbl. Both are extensional basins with minimal lateral movement and with good source rocks in direct proximity to reservoirs. Structural models of these basins give firm leads for future exploration. More difficult to evaluate are the Tethyan realm basins of the northern Sinai, and the Western Desert of Egypt, the Cyrenaican Platform of Libya, and the Tunisia-Sicily shelf area, where there are only limited subsurface data. These basins are extensional in origin also, but have been influenced by lateral tectonics. Favorable reservoirs exist, but source rocks have been a problem locally. Structural models with strong stratigraphic response offer several favorable play concepts. The Paleozoic Ghadames basin in Libya, Tunisia, and Algeria has the least complex structural history, and production appears to be limited to small structures. A series of stratigraphic models indicates additional areas with exploration potential. The Paleozoic megabasin of Morocco, with its downfaulted Triassic grabens, remains an untested but attractive area.
O'Connor, T.E.; Kanes, W.H.
Neutral zone: World Oil Report 1991
This paper reports on the Neutral Zone between Kuwait and Saudi Arabia, much in the news during the Gulf war, that returned to production in June when offshore output resumed at a rate of 100,000 bpd. By this month, offshore production should have attained near its pre-war level of 250,000 bpd. Because of war damage onshore, production will not be restarted onshore for some time. Neutral Zone oil is jointly owned by Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. Texaco's Getty unit operates some 900 mostly pumping wells in South Umm Gudair, Wafra and South Fawaris onshore fields. However, only about 50 were producing 130,000 bpd last August when Iraqis invaded. Japan's Arabian Oil Co. operates 165 wells-all flowing-in offshore Khafji, Hout and Lulu fields that have a maximum productive capacity of about 300,000 bpd.
Inflatable kill packers used in working over Kuwaiti wells
This paper reports on inflatable packers which are being used with great success in post-well capping workover operations in Kuwait oil fields. In mid-January, about one kill packer was being run per day. Use is expected to increase in March when a second post-capping crew arrives. Of several thousand unconventional ideas submitted to Kuwait Oil Co. (KOC) for controlling the well fires left in the aftermath of lst year's Gulf War, only about a dozen were actually used. Inflatable kill packers, designed and manufactured by Baker Service Tools and marketed by Baker Oil Tools, were one of the ideas that proved effective. The kill packers are modifications of Baker's inflatable packers that have successfully been used in capping producers on many blowouts throughout the world, including the Piper Alpha disaster in the North Sea and the Saga blowout offshore Norway.
Miller, D. (Baker Oil Tools, Houston, TX (US)); Conover, G. (Baker Service Tools, Houston, TX (US))
The Gulf War and the environment
The Gulf War inflicted dramatic environmental damage upon the fragile desert and shore environments of Kuwait and northeastern Saudi Arabia. Coastal and marine environments experienced oil spills of more than 8 million barrels, which killed wildlife and damaged the fishing industry. In inland Kuwait, hundreds of oil lakes are scattered across the desert surface: these lakes emit noxious gases, drown insects and birds, and may seep to pollute groundwater. Exploding and burning oil wells released soot particles, oil droplets, and noxious chemicals into the atmosphere, spreading air pollution, acid rain, and respiratory problems. Military diggings, constructions, and vehicles have destroyed much of the desert pavement, resulting in increased dust storms and large, moving dunes.
El-Baz, F. (ed.) (Boston Univ., MA (United States). Center for Remote Sensing); Makharita, R.M. (ed.) (World Bank, Washington, DC (United States))
Oil spills - increasing US dependence on oil imports heightens risks to environment
Calamitous oil spills in recent years have focused attention on the devastation the world`s leading energy source can wreak on the environment. In Alaska, the 1989 grounding of the supertanker Exxon Valdez in Prince William Sound caused the worst U.S. oil spill ever and promoted Congress to pass stringent oil-pollution legislation. In the Persian Gulf, {open_quotes}eco-terroism{close_quotes} committed by Iraqi forces during the gulf war left hundreds of wells burning and oil free-flowing out of Kuwait`s refineries and oil-shipping terminals. With the United States and much of the global community increasingly dependent on petroleum moved by supertankers, oil spills will continue to threaten the environment for the foreseeable future.
Nuclear winter from gulf war discounted
Would a major conflagration in Kuwait's oil fields trigger a climate catastrophe akin to the 'nuclear winter' that got so much attention in the 1980s This question prompted a variety of opinions. The British Meteorological Office and researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory concluded that the effect of smoke from major oil fires in Kuwait on global temperatures is likely to be small; however, the obscuration of sunlight might significantly reduce surface temperatures locally. Michael MacCracken, leader of the researchers at Livermore, predicts that the worst plausible oil fires in the Gulf would produce a cloud of pollution about as severe as that found on a bad day at the Los Angeles airport. The results of some mathematical modeling by the Livermore research group are reported.
Marshall, E.
NASA technology applications team. Applications of aerospace technology. Annual Report, Oct. 1990 - Sep. 1991
Discussed here are the activities of the Research Triangle Institute (RTI) Technology Applications Team for the period 1 October 1990 through 30 September 1991. Topics researched include automated data acquisition and analysis of highway pavement cracking, thermal insulation for refrigerators, the containment of paint removed from steel structures, improved technologies for Kuwait oil well control, sprayed zinc coatings for corrosion control of reinforcing steel in bridges, and the monitoring and life support of medically fragile children in the educational setting.
A Methodology For Calculating Integrated NOx Emissions Reductions from Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EE/RE) Programs Across State Agencies in Texas
. Analysis of Texas Code Adoption Analysis: Lighting Requirment, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), U.S.D.O.E., Washington, D.C. Bryant, J., Degelman, L., Turner, D. 2004. ?Energy Efficiency/Renewable Energy Impact in the Texas Emissions... of Texas Code Adoption Analysis: Lighting Requirment, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), U.S.D.O.E., Washington, D.C. ESL-IC-10-10-58 Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference for Enhanced Building Operations, Kuwait, October 26...
Haberl, J. S.; Liu, Z.; Baltazar, J. C.; Mukopadhyay. J; Marshall, K.; Gilman, D.; Culp, C.; Yazdani, B.; Montgomery, C.; McKelvy, K.; Reid, V.
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, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, and Spain. The time series data for the GCC block and the Euro Area block are constructed as cross-sectionally weighted averages of the domestic variables (described in detail below), using Purchasing Power... Systemic Countries Other Oil Exporters Algeria#3; China Canada GCC Countries Euro Area Ecuador#3; Bahrain#3; Austria Indonesia Kuwait#3; Belgium Mexico Oman#3; Finland Nigeria#3; Qatar#3; France Norway Saudi Arabia Germany Venezuela#3; UAE#3; Italy Iran#3...
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InsideIllinoisNov. 6, 2008 Vol. 28, No. 9
- cidents, malicious intent or even benign ne- glect." McDonough also cited Barack Obama's political count, 369 exabytes worth of data, including electronic records, tax files, e-mail, music and photos-mail archive from the run-up to the Iraq War, a violation of the Presidential Records Act. "With the current
Lewis, Jennifer
Hot story rides 'piggyback' on mosque debate By JANE MUSGRAVE
zero, it might not have gained the traction that prompted world leaders, including President Obama Villalon, a political science professor at the University of Florida, said many Muslims viewed the proposed Quran burning as yet another assault on their religion. Having fought wars in two Muslim countries, Iraq
Published by the IEEE Computer Society 0018-9162/10/$26.00 2010 IEEE Probabilistic Analysis
, products of South Asia's oldest urban civilization. The Indus civilization, so named because its first and Mesopotamian civilizations. Its cities were laid out in a grid-like pattern with a sophis- ticated water-day Iraq) to trade. Remarkably, there is no evidence that powerful kings or elites ruled the Indus cities
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A Seasonal Statistical Evaluation of COAMPS over the Arabian
in the simulations as compared to the observations. Errors are relatively smaller in the offshore locations. Key a model verification of COAMPSâ for January-March 1991 on a 15-km grid centered over Iraq. They found bias Research Laboratory. 1 Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State
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NEURO-IMAGING, MODELING, SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION OF BLAST RELATED TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY.cecd.umd.edu #12;1 FOREWORD Blast-associated brain trauma is the signature injury of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars (TBI). The most common cause of these catastrophic injuries has been exposure to blasts associated
Maryland at College Park, University of
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SPECIALIZATIONS IN ECONOMICS Economics graduates pursue many different careers including careers in economics consulting, finance, and
including careers in economics consulting, finance, and public policy. Economics graduates also go on to M Economics #12;ECO 311 Environmental Economics ECO 353 Public Finance: Federal ECO 354 Public Finance: State International Finance ECO 295 Microfinance ECO 395 Political Economy of Iraq Recommended courses beyond those
Gilchrist, James F.
Towards Building KurdNet, the Kurdish WordNet Purya Aliabadi
.firstname.lastname@example.com Mohammad Sina Ahmadi University of Kurdistan Sanandaj, Iran email@example.com Shahin Salavati University of Kurdistan Sanandaj, Iran email@example.com Kyumars Sheykh Esmaili Nanyang Technological in Kurdistan, a large geographical region spanning the intersections of Iran, Iraq, Turkey, and Syria. Kurdish
Institut de Mathematiques de Jussieu U.M.R. 7586 du C. N. R. S.
revitalisation de la recherche au Kurdistan" du mardi 14 au jeudi 16 d´ecembre 2010 `a Erbil, Kurdistan December 14 - 16, 2010, Erbil (Kurdistan, Iraq) International Conference on Revitalizing Research in Kurdistan´egional du Kurdistan (KRG) a organis´e une conf´erence internationale "Revitalizing Research in Kurdistan" du
Counterpoint Returning Evidence to the Scene of
be Repatriated to Iraqi Kurdistan BRUCE P. MONTGOMERY R�?SUM�? Le 22 avril 2008, cinq ans après l documents du renseignement saisis et d'intervenir auprès du « gou vernement du Kurdistan » afin de retourner'Anfal au Kurdistan iraquien. ABSTRACT On 22 April 2008, five years after the American invasion of Iraq
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1 A Recent Story of NGOs in Northern Iraqi Kurdistan Giorgio Francia1 and Gérard Gautier2 Abstract In comparison to the other areas of Iraq, Kurdistan Region, in the northern part of the country, witnessed very on the day-to-day life in Kurdistan Region, as well as paradoxically a negative one on the funding
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