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Office of Scientific and Technical Information
A study to improve the engineering properties of limestone rock asphalt paving mixtures
E-Print Network [OSTI]
asphalt is a naturally occuring calcareous material with its interstices filled with natural bitumen. Deposits of this material exist in various locations throughout the United States. The 1 imestone rock asphalt materials used for thi s study... streets, parking lots, etc . Since the aggregate contains natural bitumen, the amount of additional asp baltic binder required to produce a quality paving mixture is reduced. Consequently, the cost of building a road with this material is reduced...
Goodwin, Philip Wayne
Recycled rubber, aggregate, and filler in asphalt paving mixtures. Transportation research record
SciTech Connect (OSTI)
;Contents(Partial): Evaluation Systems for Crumb Rubber Modified Binders and Mixtures; Hot Mix Asphalt Rubber Applications in Virginia; Evaluation of Pyrolized Carbon Black from Scrap Tires as Additive in Hot Mix Asphalt; Use of Scrap Tire Chips in Asphaltic Membrane; Effects of Mineral Fillers on Properties of Stone Matrix Asphalt Mixtures; and Quantitative Analysis of Aggregate Based on Hough Transform.
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt paving mixtures Sample Search Results
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
process. Field aging... of asphalts. One consequence is that these ... Source: Louisiana Forest Products Development Center Collection: Renewable Energy 4 By-Products Utilization...
The potential use of tar sand bitumen as paving asphalt
In this paper several research reports describing the preparation of potential paving asphalts from tar sand bitumen are reviewed and the results of the studies compared. The tar sand asphalts described in the studies were prepared from 1) hot water-recovered bitumen from deposits near San Luis Obispo, California (Edna deposits), and deposits near Vernal and Sunnyside, Utah; and 2) bitumen recovered from the Northwest Asphalt Ridge deposits near Vernal, Utah, by both in situ steamflood and in situ combustion recovery processes. Important properties of the tar sand asphalts compare favorably with those of specification petroleum asphalts. Laboratory data suggest that some tar sand asphalts may have superior aging characteristics and produce more water-resistant paving mixtures than typical petroleum asphalts.
Petersen, J.C.
The application of triaxial compression tests to the design of sand-asphalt paving mixtures
' this fact, the f1ne yecxk was chosen as the aggregate to be used in all sand. -asphalt miztures tested 1n this pro/oct. It must be emphasise4. , that no sand sample, Lxas tested, mox ~ than ) " x i x . . y . * once during ths analpsis of the sands... shearing strength increases as the amount of mineral filler increases, thu ~ confirming the theory that the increase 1n surface area of the aggregate caused by the addition of dust must be taken ~ care of by an increase 1n the amount of bitumen used...
Ritter, Leo J
Improved paving asphalt from Baku crudes
An improved paving asphalt has been obtained from commercial BN-60/90 asphalt by adding certain components that are waste materials in petroleum refining: a still residue from the distillation of naphthenic acids to improve adhesion properties, asphalt obtained in deasphalting vacuum resid to improve ductility and impart freeze resistance, and a dialkylnaphthalene as a pour point depressant. Three different blend formulations were prepared by melting and mixing and analyzed for their physicochemical properties. The possibility was also investigated of expanding the raw material base for paving asphalts by including certain waste materials obtained in refining Baku crudes.
Allakhverdiev, A.A.; Kuliev, R.B.; Samedova, F.I.
The properties of several tar sand asphalts prepared in past studies by several different investigators were compared with each other and with the properties of petroleum asphalts. These results were reviewed and discussed with regard to the potential use of tar sand bitumen in pavement applications. The data show that tar sand bitumen has good potential for use in highway pavements that meet today's performance specifications. No deficiencies in the tar sand asphalts were found that would be expected to seriously affect performance. On the other hand, the data indicate that some tar sand asphalts may have superior aging characteristics, being relatively resistant to oxidative age hardening compared with typical petroleum asphalts. Asphalt-aggregate mixtures prepared using two tar sand asphalts also showed acceptable strength properties and excellent resistance to moisture-induced damage.
Low temperature fracture evaluation of plasticized sulfur paving mixtures
May 1985 Major Subject: Civil Engineering LOW TEMPERATURE FRACTURE EVALUATION OF PLASTICIZED SULFUR PAVING MIXTURES A Thesis by KAMYAR MAHBOUB Approved as to style and content by: Dallas N. Li tie (Chai rman of Committee) Ro e . Lytto Member... modifications to the standard ASTM procedure. These modifications were required due to the nature of plasticized sulfur mixtures and asphalt cement mixtures. The J-integral version of Paris ' law was successfully used to characterize the fatigue...
Mahboub, Kamyar
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt mixtures Sample Search Results
pitch-matrix composites Summary: evaluation of modified asphalt paving mixtures. Canadian J Civil Eng 1994; 21(6):954-65. 9 Lesueur D... online 19 June 2004 Abstract The...
Mixture design and performance prediction of rubber-modified asphalt in Ohio. Final report
Appropriate disposal of scrap tires has been a major environmental concern over the years, mainly due to potential fire and health hazards associated with uncontrolled stockpiling. Primarily driven by this environmental concern, the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) of 1991 has required each State to begin incorporating scrap tire rubber into its asphalt paving materials. Although in the revision of the original ISTEA, the mandate has been eliminated, there remains a language of encouraging the use of crumb rubbers in asphalt paving materials. Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) desires to develop the mix design procedure, construction practice, and performance specifications for crumb rubber modified asphalt paving materials. This research was conducted to develop the needed design and construction guidance for meeting the ODOT anticipated needs. Specifically, the objectives of this research encompass the following scope: (1) investigation of the rheological properties of asphalt-rubber binder to determine optimum content of crumb rubber, (2) development of optimum mix design for various applications, including both wet and dry mix processes, (3) characterization of mechanical properties of recommended paving mixtures, including resilient modulus, fatigue cracking behavior, low-temperature thermal cracking resistance, water sensitivity test, incremental creep test and loaded wheel track test, and (4) comparison of performance of selected paving mixes.
Liang, R.Y.
Anisotropic Characterization of Asphalt Mixtures in Compression
Rutting is one of the major distresses in asphalt pavements and it increases road roughness and traps water, which leads to wet-weather accidents due to the loss of tire-pavement friction and hydroplaning. The fundamental mechanisms of rutting have...
Zhang, Yuqing 1983-
An analysis of some properties of paving asphalts in Texas as they relate to pavement performance
University Chairman of Adv1sory Committee: Dr. William B. Ledbetter This study exam1nes the possibility of the ex1stence of a better defined relationship between rheological asphalt binder properties and pavement performance of thin asphaltic concrete... pavements 1n Texas. Several descriptive, as well as predicti ve models were formulated. These models show that the relat1onsh1p between asphalt binder prop- erties and pavement performance is significant. Indeed, the relation- ship is far more signif1...
DuBose, Emmett Haygood
Evaluation of the filler effects on fatique cracking and permanent deformation of asphalt concrete mixtures
The addition of hydrated lime to asphalt has shown to be beneficial with an improvement in the Theological properties of the binder, as well as resistance to permanent deformation (rutting) and fatigue cracking of asphalt concrete mixtures...
Izzo, Richard P
A Coupled Micromechanical Model of Moisture-Induced Damage in Asphalt Mixtures: Formulation and Applications
The deleterious effect of moisture on the structural integrity of asphalt mixtures has been recognized as one of the main causes of early deterioration of asphalt pavements. This phenomenon, usually referred to as moisture damage, is defined...
Caro Spinel, Silvia
Evaluation of Rexene polymers in hot mixed asphalt concrete
Committee: Dr. Dallas N. Little The objective of this research was to provide a comprehensive characterization of asphalt binders and paving mixtures modified with four polymers produced by the Rexene Products Company (Odessa, Texas). The four polymers... on control asphalt cements and polymer modified asphalt cements to quantify the effects of the Rexene polymers. Most importantly, the binder study was designed to determine the temperature susceptibility of the binders. Asphalt cements from three...
Rodriguez, Mary Anne Reese
Moisture Diffusion in Asphalt Binders and Fine Aggregate Mixtures
cost in highway maintenance and vehicle operations. One key mechanism of how moisture reaches the asphalt-aggregate interface is by its permeation or diffusion through the asphalt binder or mastic. Different techniques are available for diffusion...
Vasconcelos, Kamilla L.
Characterization of Fatigue Cracking and Healing of Asphalt Mixtures
Fatigue cracking is one of the most common distresses of asphalt pavements, whereas healing is a counter process to cracking which alleviates cracking damage and extends fatigue life of asphalt pavements. Most of existing methods to characterize...
Luo, Xue
Damage analysis in asphalt concrete mixtures based on parameter relationships
Asphalt pavements experience damage due to traffic loading under various environmental conditions. Damage can be caused by viscopl microcracks, fracture due to fatigue cracking, or fracture due to thermal cracking. Asphalt pavements have...
Song, Injun
Constant displacement rate experiments and constitutive modeling of asphalt mixtures
and predicting its response is of great importance to the pavement industry. More than 90 percent of the US Highways uses asphalt concrete as a pavement material. Asphalt concrete exhibits nonlinear response even at small strains and the response of asphalt...
Hariharakumar, Pradeep
Characterization of aggregate resistance to degradation in stone matrix asphalt mixtures
Stone matrix asphalt (SMA) mixtures rely on stone-on-stone contacts among particles to resist applied forces and permanent deformation. Aggregates in SMA should resist degradation (fracture and abrasion) under high stresses at the contact points...
Gatchalian, Dennis
A unified method for the analysis of nonlinear viscoelasticity and fatigue cracking of asphalt mixtures using the dynamic mechanical analyzer
..................................................................................... 69 Energy Method to Characterize Fatigue Damage in Asphalt Pavements .................................................................................... 70 Definition of Dissipated Energy (DE) Components.... Dallas N. Little Fatigue cracking is one of the primary modes of distress in asphalt pavements that has an important economic impact. Fatigue resistance characterization of an asphalt mixture is a complex issue due to: (i) composite nature...
Castelo Branco, Veronica Teixeira Franco
Asphalt Oxidation Kinetics and Pavement Oxidation Modeling
Most paved roads in the United States are surfaced with asphalt. These asphalt pavements suffer from fatigue cracking and thermal cracking, aggravated by the oxidation and hardening of asphalt. This negative impact of asphalt oxidation on pavement...
Jin, Xin
The effects of asphalt binder oxidation on hot mix asphalt concrete mixture rheology and fatigue performance
. The decline in mixture fatigue life (determined using the calibrated mechanistic fatigue analysis approach with surface energy measurement) due to oxidation is significant. Pavement service life is dependent on the mixture, but can be estimated by a cumulative...
Jung, Sung Hoon
Recycled brake linings as partial aggregate substitute in asphalt paving. Construction and final report. Report for July 1992-August 1996
The purpose of this project was to evaluate the performance of asphalt containing various percentages of brake lining as an aggregate, and compare its performance to that of normal asphalt containing natural aggregate. This project is an effort to explore alternate ways to use waste product. Four test section of FB-2 Modified mix containing brake lining materials were placed in July 1992 along with one control section on SR 3022 in Mercer county. To date all sections are performing satisfactory, and Brake linings should be recommended as a viable partial replacement of aggregate in bituminous materials. This study only considered the performance of only off-spec brake linings, therefore, any performance data or enviromental effects of placement of used brake material should be addressed.
Miller, P.A.; Sukley, R.
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt rubber Sample Search Results
in rubberised asphalt mixtures containing reclaimed Summary: investigation of moisture damage in rubberised asphalt mixtures containing reclaimed asphalt pavement Xiao FP......
Laboratory evaluation of crumb rubber asphalt concrete mixtures using the concepts of SMA mixtures
, = 60 psi (414 kpa)) for Control and Crumb-Rubber Mixtures. . . . . . . . . 42 44 74 TABLE 5. 2 Compressive Strain at Failure for CRM and Dense Graded Mixtures 104'F 80 TABLE 5. 3 Number of Repetitions to Failure for Control and Crumb...
Rebala, Somasekhar Reddy
Tertiary nitrogen heterocyclic material to reduce moisture-induced damage in asphalt-aggregate mixtures
DOE Patents [OSTI]
Asphalt-aggregate roads crack when subjected to freezing and thawing cycles. Herein, the useful life of asphalts are substantially improved by a minor amount of a moisture damage inhibiting agent selected from compounds having a pyridine moiety, including acid salts of such compounds. A shale oil fraction may serve as the source of the improving agent and may simply be blended with conventional petroleum asphalts.
Plancher, Henry (Laramie, WY); Petersen, Joseph C. (Laramie, WY)
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt concrete mixtures Sample Search...
Medicine 10 Rheological Investigation of the Influence of Acrylate Polymers on the Modification of Asphalt Summary: - vestigated at 4, 6 and 8% polymer concentrations. Both melt...
Evaluation of methods of mixing lime in bituminous paving mixtures in batch and drum plants
prepared mixtures, field mixtures obtained at the plant and pavement cores. Laboratory tests included Hveem and Marshall stability, resilient modulus and indirect tension. Mixture conditioning to evaluate resistance to moisture damage included vacuum... Mixed and Compacted Specimens Tensile Strength Ratio for Laboratory Mixed and Compacted Specimens 14 Marshall Stability Before and After 7-days Soaking in Water for Lab Mixed and Compacted Specimens 36 FIGURE Page 15 16 Hveem Stability Before...
Button, Joseph Wade
Analytical-Numerical Methodology to Measure Undamaged, Fracture and Healing Properties of Asphalt Mixtures
of the stiffness gradient at 10C in year 2 ............................ 62? Table 10.Statistical summary of the stiffness gradient at 10C test in year 3 ................... 62? Table 11.Statistical summary of stiffness gradient at 10C in year 4...? APPENDIX C ................................................................................................................ 155? vii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.Air void distribution in field asphalt layers...
Koohi, Yasser 1980-
Compaction Effects on Uniformity, Moisture Diffusion, and Mechanical Properties of Asphalt Pavements
Field compaction of asphalt mixtures is an important process that influences performance of asphalt pavements; however there is very little effort devoted to evaluate the influence of compaction on the uniformity and properties of asphalt mixtures...
Kassem, Emad Abdel-Rahman Ahmed
A study of sand-asphalt mixtures: a constitutive model based on a thermomechanical framework and experimental corroboration
and modeling of asphalt from ancient to modern times. An account of the history of roads can be found in [2],[3]. From tool making to mummification to storing nuclear waste, asphalt hasserved asa versatile engineering material. The Shell bitumen handbooklists...
Ravindran, Parag
Fatigue resistance of hot-mix asphalt concrete (HMAC) mixtures using the calibrated mechanistic with surface energy (CMSE) measurements approach
Fatigue cracking is one of the fundamental distresses that occur in the life of a Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete (HMAC) pavement. This load induced distress leads to structural collapse of the entire pavement ultimately and can only be remedied...
Ofori-Abebresse, Edward Kwame
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt stripping final Sample Search Results
at Austin Summary: during manufacturing, placing, and compacting hot mix asphalt concrete (HMAC), and, therefore, must... . Asphalt-aggregate mixtures were pre- pared...
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt composition aplicacao Sample Search...
Waste Processing Conference Proceedings ASME 1994 THE NEW HAMPSHIRE BOTTOM Summary: ash utilization in asphalt paving. Over a period of 18 months, hourly and composite bottom...
Development and numerical implementation of nonlinear viscoelastic-viscoplastic model for asphalt materials
pavements is illustrated using finite element simulations. The constitutive model developed in this study can describe the behavior of asphalt materials (asphalt binder, asphalt mastic and mixtures) under various testing conditions. This study also achieved...
Huang, Chien-Wei
Aged asphalt
Dorchester Asphalts Exxon Asphalts CONCLUSIONS RECOMMENDATIONS LITERATURE CITED APPENDIX 41 42 48 59 70 84 90 93 96 99 103 105 106 A. GEL PERMEATION CHROMATOGRAMS OF TEST ASPHALTS 108 B. FOURIER-TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTRUMS OF TEST... Apparatus 5. Abson Method Apparatus 6. ASTM D 2171 Apparatus 7. Sample Pellet Die 8. Sample Pellet Holder 21 23 27 29 38 40 9. GPC of Lufkin Exxon AC-20 Extracted by Two Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 10. GPC of Dickens Exxon AC-20 51...
Martin, Kenneth Lloyd
Asphalt and Asphaltic Concrete
, and combined curb and gutter furnished and set, the rate for resetting old curbing; the rate per cubic yard for extra concrete, if any is used; the price per cubic yard for broken stone or gravel; the rate per square yard for paving and for relaying old...- tified and given access to the same at least ten days be- fore it is required for use, and any work in which re- jected cement was used will be rejected altogether. 5. The cement shall be packed in strong bags having printed on the outside the brand...
Young, A. R.
Disk-shaped Compact Tension Test for Asphalt Concrete Fracture
Disk-shaped Compact Tension Test for Asphalt Concrete Fracture by M.P.Wagoner, W.G. Buttlar and G geometry is the ability to test cylindrical cores obtained from in-place asphalt concrete pavements finalizing the specimen geometry, a typical asphalt concrete surface mixture was tested at various
Paulino, Glaucio H.
Comparison of fatigue analysis approaches for predicting fatigue lives of hot-mix asphalt concrete (HMAC) mixtures
) and without (CM) surface energy measurements, and the proposed NCHRP 1-37A 2002 Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) were comparatively evaluated and utilized to characterize the fatigue resistance of two Texas HMAC mixtures in the laboratory, including...
Walubita, Lubinda F.
Evaluation of healing in asphalt binders using dynamic shear rheometer and molecular modeling techniques
-healing material. It is also well known that healing has a substantial affect on the performance of asphalt mixtures and consequently on the serviceable life of asphalt pavements. For example, shift factors from laboratory experimental data to field observed data...
Bommavaram, Ramamohan Reddy
Evaluation of polyethylene-modified asphalt blends
aggregate and asphalt modified with LDPE (binder contents of 4. 8%%u and 5. 87'). 42 Table 9. Summary of statistical parameters derived from IDT testing on crushed granite mixtures bound with AC-20 + LDPE (4. 8%, and 5. 8/ binder). 46 Table 10. Summary... of creep to rupture data for crushed granite mixtures. 71 Table 11. Summary of the results of IDT repeated load fatigue testing of river gravel mixtures bound with Texaco asphalt: AC- 10, AC-10 + LDPE and AC-20. Table 12. K, ' and n, values of river...
Consuegra Granger, Fernando
Effect of airblowing on the durability of asphalt paving cements
to become more pronounced as the environments harden the material. The problem is to decide at what rate of shear or shearing stress should the viscosity be calculated so that changes in consistency can be most satisfactorily determined and compared... in this investigation were calcu- lated by both methods. Generally, using both methods it was found that the same trends in comparative data exist; only the magnitude of the viscosities and relative viscosities change. For simplification and to avoid confusion -2...
Tolson, Ronald Geoffrey
Toxic species emissions from controlled combustion of selected paving asphalts
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . List of Materials Analyzed . Size Ranges and Effective Cut Off Diameters of the Andersen 2000 Inc. Cascade Impactor. . . . , . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Gas Analysis Results for Material AC-IOA Using Method 1. . 38 Table VI. Gas... Analysis Results for Material AC-10B Using Method I . . 39 Table VII. Gas Analysis Results for Material AC-10C Using Method I . . 40 Table VIII. Gas Analysis Results for Material AC-5B Using Method I . . . 41 Table IX. Gas Analysis Results for Material...
Mendez, Carlos Luis
Oxidative reactions and their impact on the properties of asphalt as a pavement binder
OXIDATIVE REACTIONS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE PROPERTIES OF ASPHALT AS A PAVE~ BINDER A Thesis by CHEE KEUNG LAU Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A & M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree... of MASTER OF SCIENCE December 1991 Major Subject: Chemical Engineering OXIDATIVE REACTIONS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE PROPERTIES OF ASPHALT AS A PAVEMENT BINDER A Thesis by CHEE KEUNG LAU Approved as to style and content by: Charles J. over (Chair...
Lau, Chee Keung
Composition of paraffinic and naphthenic hydrocarbons in petroleum asphalts
Uses a combination of chromatographic, chemical, and spectroscopic methods to determine the composition of the paraffinic and naphthenic hydrocarbons recovered from asphalts. Monitors the completeness of separation of the hydrocarbons from the aromatics on the basis of UV spectra. Finds that in the mixture of adduct-forming hydrocarbons, along with the n-paraffins there were admixtures of isoparaffins and longchain alkylnaphthenes. Concludes that a comparison of the structural-group composition of the asphalt fractions from the different crudes shows that there are only slight differences in the structure of the paraffinic/naphthenic hydrocarbons present in these asphalts, particularly with regard to those hydrocarbons that do not react with urea.
Botvin'eva, A.M.; Dubkova, R.V.; Shkredova, N.A.
Fiber reinforcement of asphalt concrete using cow manure
. Specimens were made according to the Marshall Method of Mixture Design and tested for 1) Marshall Stability 2) Hveem Stability and 3) Hater Susceptibil- ity. Test results indicated that 4. 4 percent cow manure by volume of rhe total aggregate when used... Voids in Mineral Aggregate 11 LIST OF FIGURES Figures Page l. 2 l. 3 1. 4 1. 5 1. 6 Determination of Optimum Asphalt Content by the Marshall Method Determination of Optimum Asphalt Content by the Marshall Method Determination of Optimum...
Bakar, Mohammed Abu
Evaluation of western and eastern shale oil residua as asphalt pavement recycling agents
The objective of this investigation was to perform a preliminary evaluation of the utility of residual materials prepared from Green River Formation (western) and New Albany Shale (eastern) shale oils as recycling agents for aged asphalt pavement. Four petroleum asphalts were first aged by a thin-film accelerated-aging test, which simulates long service life of asphalt in pavement. The aged asphalts were mixed (recycled) with Green River Formation shale oil distillation residua to restore the original viscosities. Separately, for comparison, a commercial recycling agent was used to recycle the aged asphalts under the same circumstances. The recycled asphalts were reaged and the properties of both binder and asphalt-aggregate mixtures studied. Originally, the same study was intended for an eastern shale residua. However, the eastern shale oil distillation residua with the required flash point specification also had the properties of a viscosity builder; therefore, it was studied as such with asphalts that do not achieve sufficient viscosity during processing to serve as usable binders. Results show that Green River Formation shale oil residuum can be used to restore the original asphalt properties with favorable rheological properties, the shale oil residuum has a beneficial effect on resistance to moisture damage, the low-temperature properties of the shale oil residuum recycled asphalts are not adversely affected, and the low-temperature properties of the shale oil residuum recycled asphalts are dependent upon the chemistry of the mixture. The eastern shale oil residua was blended with soft petroleum asphalts. Results show the products have higher viscosities than the starting materials, the rheological properties of the soft asphalt-eastern shale oil residue blends are acceptable, and the eastern shale oil residue has dispersant properties despite its high viscosity. 11 refs., 3 figs., 9 tabs.
Harnsberger, P.M.; Robertson, R.E.
CONCRETE PAVING & TEXTURING FOR SUSTAINABILITY Bernard Igbafen Izevbekhai, Research Operations 2012 #12;OUTLINE #12;SUSTAINABILITY · Meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising Brundtland Commission in 1987: · Successful application of the principles of sustainable development lies
Minnesota, University of
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt concrete performance Sample Search...
O R E G O N S T A T E U N I V E R S I T Y Summary: , "Relationship Between Laboratory Aging Tests and Field Performance of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures," Proceedings... Tests and...
Evaluation of the effects of crumb rubber and SBR on rutting resistance of asphalt concrete
This paper presents the results of a study to evaluate the effects of addition of crumb rubber (CR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) on the rutting resistance of asphalt concrete. These two additives were blended with an AC-20 and an AC-30 grade asphalt cements at different levels of concentrations. These modified and unmodified asphalt blends were tested at intermediate and high temperatures to evaluate their rutting resistance characteristics. They were also used to make Florida type S-I structural surface mixtures. These mixtures were made into Marshall-size specimens by using Gyratory Testing Machine (GTM) equipped with air-roller to compact and density to three compaction levels which simulate three different conditions in the pavement. The FDOT`s (Florida Department of Transportation) Loaded Wheel Tester was also used to evaluate the rutting resistance of these asphalt mixtures. The test results indicate that the modified asphalt mixtures show relatively better rutting resistance and shear resistance as compared with the unmodified asphalt mixtures.
Shih, Chuang-Tsair; Tia, Mang; Ruth, B.E. [Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)
Evaluation of oil shale bitumen as a pavement asphalt additive to reduce moisture damage susceptibility
An unrefined shale bitumen was evaluated as an agent to reduce moisture damage susceptibility of asphalt aggregate mixtures. Some activity was observed but less than might have been expected based on the molecular weight and nitrogen content of the bitumen. The counter effects of free carboxylic acids, which are known to be variable in asphalt and which are also present in the unrefined bitumen, appear to diminish the activity of the bitumen to inhibit moisture damage. 5 refs., 1 tab.
Robertson, R.E.; Harnsberger, P.M.; Wolf, J.M.
Asphalt deposition in miscible floods
. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. . 22 23 8. REFERENCES. 24 9. APPENDIX. 26 LIST OF TABLES Table Page I II IV Properties of the Crude Oils Studied Average Core Properties for Different Tests Average Perrneabilities of Different Sections of Core Before and After... Displacement with Liquefied Petroleum Gas Percent Reduction in Permeability in Different Sections of Core Due to Asphalt Deposition Average Recoveries of Four Crude Oils and Increase in Swept Area due to Plugging by Asphalt Deposition 27 29 ABSTRACT...
Hasan, Syed Mir Ahmed
Chemical characterization of beach asphalts
on beaches, since the residue is usually weathered, and most properties of the original crude oil or residual fuel oil have been altered. Along the Texas coast beaches, from Galveston to the Rio Grande, one can find oil residues which range in size from... distillation of organic material, usually coal (Abraham 1960). Crude oil, when weathered, so as to lose its volatile constituents, becomes viscous or semi-solid, and is known as asphalt. Further weathering can lead to formation of hard asphalt...
May, Lloyd Alexander
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt binder extraction Sample Search...
of asphalt binders for preparing asphalt... during manufacturing, placing, and compacting hot mix asphalt concrete (HMAC), and, therefore, must... . Asphalt-aggregate...
A novel method of bitumen extraction from asphalt pavement
A new method of extracting bitumen from asphalt pavement mixtures has been developed which does not require chlorinated or aromatic compounds for solvents. The preferred solvent is cyclohexane (although cyclopentane may be used) at high temperatures and pressures. The new method requires equipment that is less costly than the centrifuge method currently used and takes less time than extractions with Bioact but more time than when chlorocompounds are used.
Houser, T.J. (Western Michigan Univ., Kalamazoo (United States))
Prediction of Asphalt Mixture Compactability from Mixture, Asphalt, and Aggregate Properties
. Predicted Plot of CV Neural Net of Entire Data Set for a ............................ 50 Figure 32. Predicted Plot of CV Neural Net of Entire Data Set for AV Nini ................... 51 Figure 33. a versus Predicted a... ................................................... 24 Table 5 HMA Mixing and Compaction Temperatures ............................................. 27 Table 6 Compaction Parameters a, c, and AV Nini ................................................... 38 Table 7 Compaction Parameters m1, m2...
Muras, Andrew J.
BBR Asphalt mixture creep test BBR Asphalt mixture creep size effect
and two aggregates, compacted to 4% air voids PG binder Modification Aggregate 58-34 SBS Granite 58-34 SBS Limestone 58-28 Unmodified Granite 58-28 Unmodified Limestone 64-34 Elvaloy Granite 64-34 Elvaloy Limestone 64-28 Unmodified Granite 64-28 Unmodified Limestone 64-28 SBS Granite 64-28 SBS Limestone #12;Three
Evaluation of a biomass derived oil for use as additive in paving asphalt
Treatment and disposal costs of sewage sludge can represent up to 50% of a municipality`s annual wastewater treatment budget. Sewage sludge (30% solids) accounts 5% of Canadian landfill by weight, and the ever increasing volume of sludge coupled with the decreasing options available for disposal creates a growing problem for major municipalities. Current disposal options are agricultural application, incineration and landfill. Concern about heavy metal migration and public pressure to find a local solution has severely curtailed the spreading of sludge on agricultural land. Incineration is the major option for larger centers but the relatively high cost for incineration, ranging from $350 to $1000/t dry sludge, has caused a great deal of interest in methods of improving the cost effectiveness of incineration or in new equivalent technologies. The high cost and more stringent environmental regulations for incinerating municipal sludges have led to developing more efficient sludge management technologies that are not agricultural based. This paper describes applications of oils from sludge processing.
Houde, J. Jr.; Clelland, I.; Sawatzky, H. [CANMET, Ottawa, Ontario (Canada)
Did you pave the road to project completion with gold, asphalt, or mud?
The Simpson-Wilberg Technique for Expert Decision Tree Modeling (patent case number S-83,506) establishes and identifies the proper requirements governing effective business and operating practices through the use of knowledge-based engineering (KBE). The new application, Project Control Expert System (ProCon X) was created by the Simpson-Wilberg technique as a tool for project definition planning and control. ProCon X guides the project manager through an interview session asking project characteristic questions and establishes the proper project criteria. The criteria produced define the rigor applied to the project activities, i.e., level of work breakdown structure (WBS), type of scheduling, amount of cost estimating, etc. In this paper the use of the Simpson-Wilberg technique will be illustrated for solving the problems of identifying proper project criteria for project management. This technique has been used for other applications outside the project management field and can be used in any field with a need for consistent application of rules and procedures routinely used for business and operating practices.
Wilberg, M.; Simpson, W.
A thermodynamic approach for compaction of asphaltic composites
results. Modeling asphalt concrete compaction, and also the ability to thereby predict response of mixes, is of great importance to the pavement industry. Asphalt concrete exhibits nonlinear response even at small strains and the response of asphalt...
Koneru, Saradhi
DOE Signing Paves the Way for Funding, Construction of Innovative...
Energy Savers [EERE]
Signing Paves the Way for Funding, Construction of Innovative Clean Coal Plant in Florida DOE Signing Paves the Way for Funding, Construction of Innovative Clean Coal Plant in...
FIELD PERFORMANCE AND LABORATORY EVALUATION OF WARM MIX ASPHALT PRODUCED WITH RUBBERIZED BITUMEN of rubberized bitumen has been spread out mainly due to environmental aspects, but high mixing and compaction temperatures are necessary due to the higher viscosity of this bitumen. A WMA mixture (using a surfactant
Paris-Sud XI, Universit� de
High temperature performance of scrap tire rubber modified asphalt concrete
Wheel track rutting tests on mixes modified with 30 mesh, 80 mesh, and very fine colloidal crumb rubber particles show that a very significant improvement in performance occurs with a reduction in the rubber particle size. The SHRP binder test for rutting, which was originally developed for homogeneous systems only, does not predict the performance improvement for smaller rubber particles. If these new scrap rubber binder systems are to be used in pavements then rutting tests on the asphalt-aggregate mixture should be conducted in order to accurately predict high temperature performance.
Coomarasamy, A. [Ministry of Transportation, Downsview, Ontario (Canada); Manolis, S.; Hesp, S. [Queen`s Univ., Kingston, Ontario (Canada)
Life Cycle Assessment of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement
Processing Disposal Other 34% 4% 5% 15% 5% 36% 1% 15 % RAP Bitumen Aggregates Transportation Superheating RAP% RAP in new hot-mix asphalt (HMA) #12;Recycling Process #12;Road Ages #12;Create Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) Courtesy of http://myconstructionphotos.smugmug.com/ RAP #12;Transport Back to the Plant
Permeable friction course (PFC), or new generation open-graded friction course (OGFC) mixtures, are hot mix asphalt (HMA) characterized by high total air voids (AV) content (minimum 18 %) as compared to the most commonly used dense-graded HMA...
Alvarez Lugo, Allex Eduardo
Compatibilizer for crumb rubber modified asphalt
The United States of America discards more than 300 million tires each year, and out of that a large fraction of the tires is dumped into stock piles. This large quantity of tires creates an environmental problem. The use of scrap tires is limited. There is a usage potential in such fields as fuel for combustion and Crumb Rubber-Modified Asphalt binder (CRMA). The use of crumb rubber in modifying asphalt is not a new technique; it is been used since early 1960 by pavement engineers. Crumb rubber is a composite of different blends of natural and synthetic rubber (natural rubber, processing oils, polybutadiene, polystyrene butadiene, and filler). Prior research had concluded that the performance of crumb rubber modified asphalt is asphalt dependent. In some cases it improves the Theological properties and in some cases it degrades the properties of modified asphalt.
Labib, M.E. [New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ (United States); Memon, G.M.; Chollar, B.H. [Federal Highway Administration, McLean, VA (United States)
Materials characterization of asphalt and polymer modified asphalt
specimen mold made of aluminum ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? - 28 5. Strain sweep of Santa Maria AC10/AR4000 at 100 rad/sec --- 33 6. Strain sweep of Conoco AC10 at 10 rad/sec ------------- 34 7. Stress relaxation modulus of AAM grade asphalt at 25'C --- 37 8.... The verification of Cox-Merz rule for Santa Maria AC6/AR2000 at 40'C- 9. The master curve of Santa Maria AC6/Muehlstein LDPE shifted to 25'C showing the errors 10. Master curve (G') of Santa Maria AC6 shifted to 25'C ? ? ? ? ? 43 11. Master curve of Santa...
Paramasivam, Mohan
Winter Performance and Maintenance of Porous Asphalt Pavements
Concrete (HSG-B)Porous Asphalt (HSG-C) #12;Cold Climate Performance Results #12;12 Porous Asphalt SurfaceWinter Performance and Maintenance of Porous Asphalt Pavements Robert M. Roseen, Ph.D., P.E., D impacts for new development and reverse impacts in areas with redevelopment. #12;Porous Asphalt Design
PAVING THE WAY TO A SMARTER WORLD: CREATIVITY IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION SANTOSH KURINEC Department of Microelectronic Engineering Kate Gleason College of Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28 3:00 4:30 P.M. CAMPUS CENTER ATRIUM Imagination and creativity have long energized technological
Bieber, Michael
Development of asphalts and pavements using recycled tire rubber. Phase 1, Technical feasibility. Technical progress report, September 1, 1994--August 31, 1995
About 285 million tires are discarded every year; less than 100 million are currently being recycled, with the rest being placed in landfills and other waste sites. A solution to reduce the littering of the environment is to use ground tire rubber in road construction. Currently, about 27 million tons of asphalt are used each year in road construction and maintenance of the country`s 2 million miles of roads. If all of the waste tire rubber could be combined with asphalt in road construction, it would displace less than 6% of the total asphalt used each year, yet could save about 60 trillion Btus annually. Purpose of this project is to provide data needed to optimize the performance of rubber-asphalt concretes. The first phase is to develop asphalts and recycling agents tailored for compatibility with ground tire rubber. Chapter 2 presents results on Laboratory Testing and Evaluation: fractionate asphalt material, reblending for aromatic asphalts, verifying optimal curing parameters, aging of blends, and measuring ductilities of asphalt-rubber binders. Chapter 3 focuses on Evaluating Mixture Characteristics (modified binders). Chapter 4 covers Adhesion Test Development (water susceptibility is also covered). The final chapter focuses on the Performance/Economic Update and Commercialization Plan.
Bullin, J.A.; Davison, R.R.; Glover, C.J. [and others
Compositional evaluation of asphalt binder recycling agents
Several experiments were performed to determine how recycling agent composition affects the high, intermediate, and low temperature properties as well as long term oxidative aging characteristics of recycled asphalt blends. Specifically, several...
Madrid, Richard Charles
Rapid determination of actinides in asphalt samples
DOE Public Access Gateway for Energy & Science Beta (PAGES Beta)
A new rapid method for the determination of actinides in asphalt samples has been developed that can be used in emergency response situations or for routine analysis If a radiological dispersive device (RDD), Improvised Nuclear Device (IND) or a nuclear accident such as the accident at the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant in March, 2011 occurs, there will be an urgent need for rapid analyses of many different environmental matrices, including asphalt materials, to support dose mitigation and environmental clean up. The new method for the determination of actinides in asphalt utilizes a rapid furnace step to destroy bitumen and organics present in the asphalt and sodium hydroxide fusion to digest the remaining sample. Sample preconcentration steps are used to collect the actinides and a new stacked TRU Resin + DGA Resin column method is employed to separate the actinide isotopes in the asphalt samples. The TRU Resin plus DGA Resin separation approach, which allows sequential separation of plutonium, uranium, americium and curium isotopes in asphalt samples, can be applied to soil samples as well.
Maxwell, Sherrod L.; Culligan, Brian K.; Hutchison, Jay B.
Imparting Electrical Conductivity into Asphalt Composites Using Graphite
Electrically conductive asphalt composites have immense potential for various multifunctional applications such as self-healing, self-sensing, snow and ice removal, and energy harvesting, and controlling asphalt conductivity is the first step...
Baranikumar, Aishwarya
An investigation of the use of tire rubber in asphalt
-rubber binder. The selected variables chosen are curing time, curing temperature, rubber content (weight percent), rubber particle size, base asphalt type, and carbonyl area. Results confirmed that the addition of rubber increased the viscosity of the asphalt...
Koo, Heamo Lee
Delivery, Storage and Cold Feed . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.3.2 Liquid Asphalt Delivery, Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2 INDUSTRY PROFILE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.1 ASPHALT and Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.3.3 Cold Feed Drying and Heating
Controlling Thermal Properties of Asphalt Concrete and its Multifunctional Applications
) by controlling thermal properties of the construction materials. To change thermal properties of asphalt concrete, expanded polypropylene (EPP) pellet and graphite were selected as the additives and mixed into asphalt concrete. Experimental tests are classified...
Shi, Xijun
The curing of asphalt with rubber and its effect on the physical and chemical properties of asphalt-rubber binders
The objective of this research was to develop a potentially useful asphalt-rubber binder using the curing process. For the curing process, six parameters, which altered the physical and chemical properties of the asphalt-rubber binder, were tested...
Chun, Jay Sung
Effect of viscosity of asphalt on stress strain and volume change characteristics of asphaltic mixtures
~ter Setup 6 Cceprossion Test Results 7 Mold for Trianial Tost Specinens 19 21 23 28 Scuble Plunger Conpaction Using Uuiversal Testing Machine 29 9 Shotch of Trianial Coll 10 Trianial Call Used in tha Study ll Shetch of Voluae Change Measuring... received continuous study. The main aim should be to sicmlate the ccmpacticn usually obtained under field conditions. Saac investigators used double plunger static compaction under a particular load for a selected time (8, 14, 31, 32)i Kneading...
Gandhi, Poduru Mohandas Karamchand
Identification of asphalt binder properties that affect cracking performance of hot mixed asphalt concrete pavements
. Traffic used these "interim" pavements until the spring of 1988 when the 51-mm surface courses were placed in both the northbound and the southbound lanes. The four asphalt additives used in Texarkana include: Goodyear 5812 - styrene butadiene rubber... exception. Chemkrete was removed from the market by LBD, Inc. shortly after construction of the base course. The surface course placed on the Chemkrete treated base course contained 3'/o Goodyear? latex in the asphalt. Chemkrete was metered into an in...
Hastings, Charles Patrick
Fatigue Resistance of Asphalt Mixtures Affected by Water Vapor Movement
This dissertation has two key objectives: the first objective is to develop a method of predicting and quantifying the amount of water that can enter into a pavement system by vapor transport; the second objective is to identify to which extent...
Tong, Yunwei
Effect of density on the stability of asphaltic concrete mixtures
Test, The Rarohall Stabi- lity Tost as8 The Califorsia Co beeiemtor Tost, fer Series I 8 as Chtai ass by 'Tbo Marshall Cosyae- tios Preoo8lro ~ ~ ~ s ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Rela4ioaship boteeea Doss ity aas Sta- bility as RoaeereS by Tbs Rroea... Stability Tost, the Marshall Rishi lity Test as& Tho CaliforaLa Cshesie astor Test, for Series L 8 as Cbtaiaed by The Tease RLShoay Royartseat Cea- Ssotioa Pfiso8ere ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Relatioaehiy beieses Qeasity as8 8ta- bLlity as Reassros...
Subbaraju, Bhupatiraju
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt technology development Sample Search...
...7 Kicking the Asphalt Around: Foamed Asphalt... Co-Products and Bio Oil The Payback of Green Warm-Mix Asphalt at MnROAD Video of several Source:...
Geocell-Reinforced Unpaved and Paved Roads with Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) Bases: Experimental Study and Damage Model Development
by increasing the percentage of resilient deformation and reducing the permanent deformations and the vertical stresses transferred to the subgrade. A thin (about 50 mm) HMA surface significantly improved the performance of RAP bases. The thicker geocell...
Thakur, Jitendra Kumar
The effect of asphalt deposition on recovery of oil by a pentane slug
":ty reduction increases, in general, with the increase in amount of, asphalt contained ir the oil. The increases in recovery at breakthrough due to asphalt deposition were noted for four asphaltic crude oils and were compared to those of asphalt-free refined... substantial range, the gain in recovery at breakthrough of asphaltic oils over refined oils of the same viscosity increases with increase in size of slug used. This is attributed to more favorable mobility ratios resulting from asphalt deposition during...
Bhagia, Nanik S
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt pavement rap Sample Search Results
Center Collection: Engineering 23 ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE ASH-AMENDED ASPHALT Summary: and control asphalts, and the pavements alI performed well...
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt mix design Sample Search Results
asphalt mixes must be understood. Mould... the micromechanical processes that lead to fracture of asphalt mixes. Experimental and numerical analyses... will be performed to study...
Microstructural Characterization of Material Properties and Damage in Asphalt Composites
MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF MATERIAL PROPERTIES AND DAMAGE IN ASPHALT COMPOSITES A Thesis by SARA MOHAMMAD KHORASANI Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment... Engineering Copyright 2013 Sara Mohammad Khorasani ii ABSTRACT Asphalt composites are used to construct 90% of roads in the United States. These composites consist of asphalt binder, which is a product of the refinery process of oil, aggregates...
Mohammad Khorasani, Sara
Characterization of road asphalt using Gel Permeation Chromatography
of research in the ares of asphalt chemistry. Brulh has proposed two theoretical extremes, a sol state and a gel state, to describe the condition of asphalts. In a sol state, asphaltene micelles are widely dispersed and do not interact a great deal. In a... December 1987 Major Subject: Chemical Engineering CHARACTERIZATION OF ROAD ASPHALT USING GEL PERMEATION CHROMATOGRAPHY A Thesis by GUY RANDAL DONALDSON Approved as to style and content by: Jerr A. Bullin hairm of Committee) Char e G. Glover...
Donaldson, Guy Randal
Recycling asphalt overview of more than 25 years of use
1 Recycling asphalt overview of more than 25 years of use in France Y. Brosseaud LCPC hal with ring for recycling Average rate with high proportion : 30 to 50% Used of rejuvenators (soft oil,version1-20May2011 #12;4 Hot recycling asphalt on mixing plant Recycling in place in hot or cold
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Relationship Between Surface Free Energy and Total Work of Fracture of Asphalt Binder and Asphalt Binder-Aggregate Interfaces
is the surface free energy of the asphalt binder and the aggregate. Surface free energy, which is a thermodynamic material property, is directly related to the adhesive bond energy between the asphalt binder and the aggregate as well as the cohesive bond energy...
Howson, Jonathan Embrey
Paving the Way to Nanoelectronics 16 nm and Smaller
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1 - September 2006 TheSteven AshbyDepartment ofGE's E.Gilman AboutPaulPaulPavingPaving
Improvements to a Transport Model of Asphalt Binder Oxidation in Pavements: Pavement Temperature Modeling, Oxygen Diffusivity in Asphalt Binders and Mastics, and Pavement Air Void Characterization
Although evidence is mounting that asphalt binder oxidizes in pavements, and that oxidation and subsequent hardening of asphalt binder has a profound effect on pavement durability, important implementation issues remain to be better understood...
Han, Rongbin
Analyses of sulfur-asphalt field trials in Texas
128 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE PAGF Layout of SNPA sulfur bitumen binder pavem nt test ? U. S. Highway 69, Lufkin, Texas 15 Col 1oi d mi 1 1 furnished by SNPA for preparation of sul fur-asphalt emulsions View of mixing station showing sulfur... designed to investigate the advantage of using a colloid mill to prepare sulfur-asphalt binders as compared to comingling the asphalt and molten sulfur in a pipeline leading directly to the pug mill. After only six months of testing, the results...
Newcomb, David Edward
Use of shredded tires in the subbase layer of asphalt pavements
Research was conducted on the use of shredded scrap tires for use in the subbase layer of asphalt pavements. Mixtures of shredded scrap tires with virgin soil provide a means of recycling unwanted tires and conserving a finite supply of virgin soil. The mechanistic procedure for the design of pavement systems requires resilient modulus values. Plastic and elastic strains were measured using external LVDT`s and internal proximity sensors. Resilient modulus measurements were conducted on cohesionless soils mixed with various amounts of shredded tire chips. The performance f the shredded tire mixture is compared to that of the naturally occurring virgin soil used in subbase applications in New Jersey. A number of experimental issues are discussed such as: method of compaction, optimum ratio of shredded tire chips to soil, optimum size and gradation of shredded tire chips, and strength testing using California Bearing Ratio.
Papp, W.J. Jr.; Maher, M.H. [Rutgers Univ., Piscataway, NJ (United States). Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Baker, R.F. [New Jersey Dept. of Transportation, Trenton, NJ (United States)
3D Engineered Models for Stringless Paving Workshop
3D Engineered Models for Stringless Paving Workshop As the highway industry looks for greater productivity through electronic tools and methods, 3D modeling is fast becoming a standard for project delivery quality, cost, and time benefits from using 3D modeling. For construction, this includes more accurate
asphalt concrete pavement: Topics by E-print Network
this thesis. It included the following tasks: investigation of a testing and grading system for grading asphalt binder residues... Hoyt, Denise 2012-07-16 8 Full-Depth Pavement...
asphaltic concrete pavement: Topics by E-print Network
asphalt concrete pavements: Topics by E-print Network
asphaltic concrete pavements: Topics by E-print Network
Evaluation of Moisture Susceptibility of Warm Mix Asphalt
, the results from this study suggest that the inclusion of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) or an anti-stripping agent may alleviate possible moisture susceptibility issues in the early life during wet, winter weather conditions. While some laboratory test...
Garcia Cucalon, Maria Lorena
Prediction of Reflection Cracking in Hot Mix Asphalt Overlays
either asphalt pavement or jointed concrete pavement in all four major climatic zones are discussed in this dissertation. The results of this calculated mechanistic approach showed its ability to efficiently reproduce field observations of the growth...
Tsai, Fang-Ling
Toward an Improved Model of Asphalt Binder Oxidation in Pavements
Asphalt binder oxidation in pavements has been proven to be an ongoing process throughout a pavement's service life. Understanding the nature of the oxidation process is a critical step toward better pavement design to achieve greater pavement...
Prapaitrakul, Nikornpon
Recycling asphaltic concrete with sulphur as a supplemental binder
RECYCLING ASPHALTIC CONCRETE WITH SULPHUR AS A SUPPLEMENTAL BINDER A Thesis by ROBERT WILLIAM BARNETT Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE... August 1976 Major Subject: Civil Engineering RECYCLING ASPHALTIC CONCRETE WITH SULPHUR AS A SUPPLEMENTAL BINDER A Thesis by ROBERT WILLIAM BARNETT Approved as to style and content by: :) (Chairm o I ommit tee) (M ber) Mem er) August 1976...
Barnett, Robert William
Predicting the fatigue life of asphalt concrete overlay systems
PREDICTING THE FATIGUE LIFE OF ASPHALT CONCRETE OVERLAY SYSTEMS A Thesis by FREDERICK PHILIP GERMANN Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas A&M University in Partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE May... 1979 Major Subject: Civil Engineering PREDICTING THE FATIGUE LIFE OF ASPHALT CONCRETE OVERLAY SYSTEMS A Thesis by FREDERICK PHILIP GERMANN Approved as to style and content by: (Chair n of Commit e) (Head of Department) (Member) (Member) May...
Germann, Frederick P
Oxygen consumption by asphalt films and resulting viscosity changes
OXYGEN CONSUMPTION BY ASPHALT FILNS AND RESULTING VISCOSITY CHANGES A Thesis by FRANK LEE CARTER, JR. Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE... Nay 1965 Major Subject: Chemistry OXYGEN CONSUMPTION BY ASPHALT FILMS AND RESULTING VISCOSITY CHANGES A Thesis by FRANK LEE CARTER, JR. Approved as to style and content by: (Chairm of Committee) (H o Depa ( mb ) (Membe May 1965...
Carter, Frank Lee
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphaltic pavements microsurfacing Sample...
for: asphaltic pavements microsurfacing Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 PROJECT SUMMARY REPORT 1788-S EVALUATION OF THE CAPE SEAL PROCESS Summary: that of typical hot mix asphalt...
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt concrete core Sample Search Results
southbound on US-169 are coming from the gravel pits, concrete plants, and waste disposal facilities just north Summary: to raveling of the asphalt at the concrete-asphalt...
Investigation of Conditions for Moisture Damage in Asphalt Concrete and Appropriate Laboratory Test Methods
of Asphalt Concrete-Physical Testing. � Final Report, #930-of Asphalt Concrete: Chemical Testing. � Alabama Highwayconcrete mixes, it is preferred to use a mix that would have good moisture resistance under laboratory testing
Lu, Qing
of Asphalt Concrete-Physical Testing. � Final Report no.of Asphalt Concrete: Chemical Testing. � Alabama Highwayconcrete mixes, it is preferable to use a mix that would have good moisture resistance under laboratory testing
Harvey, John T; Lu, Qing
Asphalt Roofing Shingles Into Energy Project Summary Report
Based on a widely cited September, 1999 report by the Vermont Agency of Natural Resources, nearly 11 million tons of asphalt roofing shingle wastes are produced in the United States each year. Recent data suggests that the total is made up of about 9.4 million tons from roofing tear-offs and about 1.6 million tons from manufacturing scrap. Developing beneficial uses for these materials would conserve natural resources, promote protection of the environment and strengthen the economy. This project explored the feasibility of using chipped asphalt shingle materials in cement manufacturing kilns and circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers. A method of enhancing the value of chipped shingle materials for use as fuel by removing certain fractions for use as substitute raw materials for the manufacture of new shingles was also explored. Procedures were developed to prevent asbestos containing materials from being processed at the chipping facilities, and the frequency of the occurrence of asbestos in residential roofing tear-off materials was evaluated. The economic feasibility of each potential use was evaluated based on experience gained during the project and on a review of the well established use of shingle materials in hot mix asphalt. This project demonstrated that chipped asphalt shingle materials can be suitable for use as fuel in circulating fluidized boilers and cement kilns. More experience would be necessary to determine the full benefits that could be derived and to discover long term effects, but no technical barriers to full scale commercial use of chipped asphalt shingle materials in these applications were discovered. While the technical feasibility of various options was demonstrated, only the use of asphalt shingle materials in hot mix asphalt applications is currently viable economically.
Jameson, Rex, PE
Development of asphalts and pavements using recycled tire rubber. Phase 1: technical feasibility. Final report
This report documents the technical progress made on the development of asphalts and pavements using recycled tire rubber.
A study of the mixing viscosity of asphalt in hot-mix production
Gravity and Absorption of Aggregates. 36 Sieve Analysis of Combined Aggregates 37 Centrifuge Kerosene Equivalent Test Data for Estimated Optimum Asphalt Content . 38 Test Data on Molded Specimens for Optimum Asphalt Content 39 XIII . Test Data... there is available to be filled with asphalt. The Centrifuge Kerosene Equivalent (CKE) Test was performed to 11 determine the estimated optimum asphalt content as a percentage of the 10 The American Association of State Highway Officials, "Standard...
Khan, Md. Musharraf Hossain
Properties of concrete paving blocks made with waste marble Osman Gencela,f,*, Cengiz Ozelb
Properties of concrete paving blocks made with waste marble Osman Gencela,f,*, Cengiz Ozelb , Fuat: Concrete paving blocks Recycled aggregate Marble waste Concrete wear a b s t r a c t Marble industry. Waste marble is well usable instead of the usual aggregate in the concrete paving block production. �?
North Texas, University of
Effect of pyrolyzed carbon black on asphalt cement. Part 2. Asphalt binder. Final report, September 1993-May 1995
Scrap tires derived from automobiles have become a large environmental problem in the United States. In the study, research is carried out to investigate the potential use of tire-derived pyrolyzed carbon black from scrap tires as an asphalt cement modifier. The asphlat cements used in the research were AC10 and AC20. Penetration and softening point tests were performed to obtain the consistency of the asphalt cements. The pyrolyzed carbon black, as provided by Wolf Industries, was combined with the asphalt cement in the following percentages: 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. Penetration, softening point and ductility tests were performed to determine the temperature susceptibility of the modified binder as altered by the pyrolyzed carbon black. In order that the results are comparable to previous testing, commercial carbon black purchased from CABOT Industry was also used as a modifier in the tests. The same test procedures were applied to the asphalt cements modified by commercial carbon black. The test results contained in the report illustrate the viability of the pyrolyzed carbon black as an asphalt modifier. Recommendations are provided to facilitate further research on this particular project. A preliminary assessment of a test road using the pyrolyzed carbon is appended.
Zeng, Y.; Lovell, C.W.
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1 - September 2006 TheSteven AshbyDepartment ofGE's E.Gilman AboutPaulPaul RossPaving
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1 - September 2006 TheSteven AshbyDepartment ofGE's E.Gilman AboutPaulPaulPaving the
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1 - September 2006 TheSteven AshbyDepartment ofGE's E.Gilman AboutPaulPaulPaving
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsrucLas ConchasPassive Solar Home Design Passive Solar Home Design June 24,F. BecherPaulV.Paving the
Asphalt emulsion sealing of uranium mill tailings. 1980 annual report
Studies of asphalt emulsion sealants conducted by the Pacific Northwest Laboratory have demonstrated that the sealants are effective in containing radon and other potentially hazardous material within uranium tailings. The laboratory and field studies have further demonstrated that radon exhalation from uranium tailings piles can be reduced by greater than 99% to near background levels. Field tests at the tailings pile in Grand Junction, Colorado, confirmed that an 8-cm admix seal containing 22 wt% asphalt could be effectively applied with a cold-mix paver. Other techniques were successfully tested, including a soil stabilizer and a hot, rubberized asphalt seal that was applied with a distributor truck. After the seals were applied and compacted, overburden was applied over the seal to protect the seal from ultraviolet degradation.
Hartley, J.N.; Koehmstedt, P.L; Esterl, D.J.; Freeman, H.D.; Buelt, J.L.; Nelson, D.A.; Elmore, M.R.
Asphalt roofing industry Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy modified bitumen
A Request for Emissions Testing at Four Asphalt Roofing and Processing Facilities was submitted by the US EPA Emission Standards Division (ESD), Minerals and Inorganic Chemicals Group (MICG) to the Emission Measurement Center (EMC). The Emission Measurement Center directed Midwest Research Institute (MRI) to conduct emissions testing at asphalt roofing plants. This report presents results of MRI`s FTIR and Method 25A testing conducted at US Intec in Port Arthur, Texas. The field measurements were performed in September 1997 under several test conditions for both controlled and uncontrolled emissions.
Automated titration method for use on blended asphalts
A system for determining parameters and compatibility of a substance such as an asphalt or other petroleum substance uses titration to highly accurately determine one or more flocculation occurrences and is especially applicable to the determination or use of Heithaus parameters and optimal mixing of various asphalt stocks. In a preferred embodiment, automated titration in an oxygen gas exclusive system and further using spectrophotometric analysis (2-8) of solution turbidity is presented. A reversible titration technique enabling in-situ titration measurement of various solution concentrations is also presented.
Pauli, Adam T. (Cheyenne, WY); Robertson, Raymond E. (Laramie, WY); Branthaver, Jan F. (Chatham, IL); Schabron, John F. (Laramie, WY)
A study of the effects of limestone rock asphalt screenings on the structural properties of hot-mix asphaltic concrete made with siliceous materials
LiSRagy pptt8pp py IEXAa A STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF LIMESTONE ROCK ASPHALT SCREENINGS ON THE STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF HOT-MIX ASPHALTIC CONCRETE MADE WITH SILICEOUS MATERIALS A Thesis By OSCAR WILLARD. AQBRITTON Submitted to the Graduate... ON THE STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF HOT-MIX ASPHALTIC CONCRETE MADE WITH SILICEOUS MATERIALS A Thesis By OSCAR WILLARD ALBRITTON Approved as to Style and Content by: Chairman of Committee ead of Departme t August 1958 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Acknowledgment is due...
Albritton, Oscar Willard
SITE DESIGN GUIDELINES PEDESTRIAN VEHICULAR BICYCLE VEGETATION FURNISHINGS LIGHTING SIGNAGE PAVING.7 Pedestrians .................................................................................... 3.8 Bicycles ..................................................... Section Four Bicycle Systems 4.1 Shared Roadways
Duchowski, Andrew T.
A Methodology of Quantifying Precipitation Exposure for Wet-Weather Collisions and Evaluating Effectiveness of Open-Grade Asphalt Concrete as a Countermeasure
Open-graded Asphaltic Concrete Friction Courses in Arizona.for Open-Graded Asphalt Concrete (OGAC) Wearing Courses.of Open-Grade Asphalt Concrete as a Countermeasure Ching-Yao
Chan, Ching-Yao; Jin, Eui-Jae; Oh, Soon Mi; Ragland, David R
Summary of Construction Activities and Results from Six Initial Accelerated Pavement Tests Conducted on Asphalt Concrete Pavement Section for Modified-Binder Overlay
Testing on the Asphalt Concrete FWD testing was conducted onin asphalt concrete modulus after HVS testing for Sectionsconcrete pavements under accelerated pavement testing. This
Bejarano, Manuel O.; Morton, Bruce S.; Scheffy, Clark
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphaltic sand Sample Search Results
from Concrete and Asphalt Plants... is proposing to operate the sand and gravel mining operation. Mineral ... Source: Netoff, Theoden - Department of Biomedical Engineering,...
An investigation of three problems concerning the analysis of airborne asphalt fumes
and well documented carcinogens; however, the BaP content of asphalt fumes is only about 0. 03 percent of the BaP content of coal fed coke oven emissions. 4 This strongly illustrates the need to avoid confusion between asphalts and tars or pitches from... in the composition of asphalt and tar or pitch . The principal significant difference lies in the fact that there are much smaller amounts of PNA's in asphalt fumes than are found in tar or pitch fumes. Coke ovens and coal gasification plants also produce a fume...
Laird, Larry Teal
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt technology test Sample Search Results
ti R h... change 12;Asphalt Industry Background & Challengesg g Approximately 68% of GDP utilizes our Source: Iowa State University, Office of Biorenewables Programs...
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt plants truck Sample Search Results
aging of asphalt binder in HMA occurs in ... Source: Southwest Region University Transportation Center Collection: Engineering ; Energy Storage, Conversion and Utilization 12...
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt construction premature Sample Search...
(HMA), it's just... of asphalt binder during the heating process (called as short-term aging) is controlled considerably. Less... . The construction season expands and the haul...
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt Sample Search Results
(HMA), it's just... of asphalt binder during the heating process (called as short-term aging) is controlled considerably. Less... -bound water and generates foaming effect to...
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalts Sample Search Results
E-Print Network 3.0 - anionic emulsified asphalt Sample Search...
and used without thermal pretreatment as an aggregate in the asphalt mix. Land disposal Source: Wisconsin-Milwaukee, University of - Department of Civil Engineering and...
E-Print Network 3.0 - aged asphalt concrete Sample Search Results
5 Rheological Investigation of the Influence of Acrylate Polymers on the Modification of Asphalt Summary: - vestigated at 4, 6 and 8% polymer concentrations. Both melt...
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt content Sample Search Results
7 Rheological Investigation of the Influence of Acrylate Polymers on the Modification of Asphalt Summary: on poly- mer content, polymer type, and characteristics of base...
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt pavements Sample Search Results
-- Deloffre* L. -- Duhamel** D... of asphalt pavement layers. To analyze this effect, a model and a software called ViscoRoute have been... stemming from the specialized...
Integrated coke, asphalt and jet fuel production process and apparatus
A process and apparatus for the production of coke, asphalt and jet fuel m a feed of fossil fuels containing volatile carbon compounds therein is disclosed. The process includes the steps of pyrolyzing the feed in an entrained bed pyrolyzing means, separating the volatile pyrolysis products from the solid pyrolysis products removing at least one coke from the solid pyrolysis products, fractionating the volatile pyrolysis products to produce an overhead stream and a bottom stream which is useful as asphalt for road pavement, condensing the overhead stream to produce a condensed liquid fraction and a noncondensable, gaseous fraction, and removing water from the condensed liquid fraction to produce a jet fuel-containing product. The disclosed apparatus is useful for practicing the foregoing process. the process provides a useful method of mass producing and jet fuels from materials such as coal, oil shale and tar sands.
Shang, Jer Y. (McLean, VA)
Microstructural Characterization of the Chemo-mechanical Behavior of Asphalt in Terms of Aging and Fatigue Performance Properties
implements the framework of chemo-mechanics by investigating two types of chemical modification processes, natural (oxidative aging) and synthetic (chemical doping) as they relate not only to macro-scale properties of asphalt binder but also to the asphalt...
Allen, Robert Grover
Remedial investigation/feasibility study analysis asphalt storage area, Elmendorf AFB, Alaska. Master's thesis
This report is focused on an abandoned material storage area located on Elmendorf Air Force Base (EAFB), Alaska. The site is located approximately 2000 feet from the east end of the east/west runway and includes approximately 25 acres. The site was used for asphalt storage and preparation activities during the 1940s and 1950s. Approximately 4,500 drums of asphalt and 29 drums of unknown materials have been abandoned at the site. The drums are located in 32 areas throughout the 25-acre site. Following several decades of exposure to the elements, many of the drums have corroded and leaked to the ground surface. Several acres of soil are inundated with liquid asphalt that has leaked from the drums. Depths of the asphalt range from 6 to 10 inches in areas where surface anomalies have created depressions, and thus a collection point for the asphalt. A 14-x 18-x 4 foot wood frame pit used to support previous asphalt operations is located at the north end of the site. The pit contains approximately 2300 gallons of asphalt. There are also locations where the soil appears to be contaminated by petroleum products other than asphalt.
Miller, N.S.
Studies of asphalt air blowing and development of a new short-term aging technique
In this work asphalt air blowing has been studied from two perspectives. First, the process itself was investigated in terms of the effect of air-blowing conditions on the properties of the asphalt materials obtained. It was found that according...
Vassiliev, Nicolai
Dynamic Effects on Moisture Transport in Asphalt Concrete M. Emin Kutay1
Dynamic Effects on Moisture Transport in Asphalt Concrete M. Emin Kutay1 and Ahmet H. Aydilek2 2007 133:7 406 CE Database subject headings: Moisture; Asphalt concrete; Dynamics; Hydraulic and Magdalena 2002 ; however, limited research has been conducted in modeling dynamic flow in porous geomedia
Aydilek, Ahmet
Characterization of asphalt cements modified with crumbed rubber from discarded tires. Final report
The potential legislative requirement for incorporation of scrap rubber into asphalt blends mandated a thorough evaluation of the influence of scrap rubber additives on the physical properties and aging characteristics of rubber/asphalt blends. Blends with up to 20 percent ground vulcanized rubber (both crumb and 200 mesh powder particles) from recycled tires were prepared with asphalt cements of various grades (AC5 - AC30) and evaluated using DMA. Blends produced from powdered rubber particles exhibited Newtonian behavior at high temperatures; similar behavior was not observed with crumb rubber blends. The mechanical properties of asphalt-rubber blends depend upon the concentration of rubber additives, the particle dimensions, and the chemical composition of the asphalt.
Daly, W.H.; Negulescu, I.I.
Evaluation of an eastern shale oil residue as an asphalt additive
An evaluation of eastern shale oil (ESO) residue as an asphalt additive to reduce oxidative age hardening and moisture susceptibility was conducted by Western Research Institute (WRI). The ESO residue, have a viscosity of 23.9 Pa{lg_bullet}s at 60{degree}C (140{degree}F), was blended with three different petroleum-derived asphalts, ASD-1, AAK-1, and AAM-1, which are known to be very susceptible to oxidative aging. Rheological and infrared analyses of the unaged and aged asphalts and the blends were then conducted to evaluate oxidative age hardening. In addition, the petroleum-derived asphalts and the blends were coated onto three different aggregates, Lithonia granite (RA), a low-absorption limestone (RD), and a siliceous Gulf Coast gravel (RL), and compacted into briquettes. Successive freeze-thaw cycling was then conducted to evaluate the moisture susceptibility of the prepared briquettes. The rheological analyses of the unaged petroleum-derived asphalts and their respective blends indicate that the samples satisfy the rutting requirement. However, the aging indexes for the rolling thin film oven (RTFO)-aged and RTFO/pressure aging vessel (PAV)-aged samples indicate that the blends are stiffer than the petroleum-derived asphalts. This means that when in service the blends will be more prone to pavement embrittlement and fatigue cracking than the petroleum-derived asphalts. Infrared analyses were also conducted on the three petroleum-derived asphalts and the blends before and after RTFO/PAV aging. In general, upon RTFO/PAV aging, the amounts of carbonyls and sulfoxides in the samples increase, indicating that the addition of the ESO residue does not mitigate the chemical aging (oxidation) of the petroleum-derived asphalts. This information correlates with the rheological data and the aging indexes that were calculated for the petroleum-derived asphalts and the blends.
Thomas, K.P.; Harnsberger, P.M.
E-Print Network 3.0 - ashi paving project Sample Search Results
MATH1910 Modelling and Investigations: Long Pure Project Dr. Kevin Houston Room 8.18a, e-mail: k... . They will pave any patio provided: (i) it is square in shape, (ii)...
results of Parigi et al., the laboratory tech-niques they describe could pave the way
results of Parigi et al., the laboratory tech- niques they describe could pave the way toward new and momentum are obtained by applying "opera- tors" to a system's wave function. 3. V. Parigi, A. Zavatta, M
Keeling, Patrick
An evaluation of permanent deformation properties of crumb rubber modified (CRM) asphalt concrete mixtures
applications, while the remainder is dumped in stockpiles as scrap. Tire stockpiles pose an environmental threat as fire and health hazards. As a result, government agencies have taken action to mandate the recycling of waste tire rubber by state transportation...
Makunike, Danai Ellarin
The use of sulfer modified bottom ash (SMBA) as an aggregate in asphaltic mixtures
Of the 20 million tons of bottom ash and boiler slag generated annually in the United States less than 40 percent is used. The eastern half of Texas is served by 18 coal burning electric power generating plants which produce approximately 3...
Chimakurthy, Harshavardhan
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt rubber mixtures Sample Search Results
2, or 3 percent of total ... Source: Wisconsin-Milwaukee, University of - Department of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Center for By-Products Utilization Collection:...
The Laconia, New Hampshire Bottom, Ashi Paving Project. Volume 1: Environmental testing report
Bottom ash is the principal waste stream fro m the combustion of municipal solid waste (MSW). It is comprised of grate ash (97%), the slag material discharged at the end of the grate system and grate sffting (3%), the material that melts or falls through the grate structure. This project was conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of using municipal solid waste grate ash as an aggregate substitute in the construction of a pavement binder course for a portion of Rt. 3 in Laconia, New Hampshire. The research was conducted over a two year period during 1993 and 1994. This study is the culmination of an earlier two year characterization study between 1990 and 1992 that documented the physical and environmental characteristics of the bottom ash as it was produced at the Concord, N.H. waste-to-energy (WTE) facility and used in an asphaltic binder course. Together, these two studies provide a complete evaluation of the potential for using grate ash or bottom ash in asphalt binder course or as recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) in base courses in pavements.
Study of permanent deformation mechanism in asphalt mixes in relation to microcrack growth
Recent developments by Lytton et al. (1998) indicate phics. that the growth of micrographs in asphalt layers under repeated loading is also a cause for the accumulation of permanent deformation or rutting in pavements besides the plastic strain...
Bhairampally, Rajesh Kumar
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt roofing shingles Sample Search...
E. Clark, Ph.D., P.E., D. WRE, Brett V. Long, Christina Y.S. Siu, Julia Spicher, Kelly A. Summary: woods, cedar shakes, asphalt shingles, galvanized (uncoated) metal, and an...
A program to design asphalt concrete overlays to mitigate reflection cracking
of the research are to understand the occurrence and behavior of reflection cracking and for devising ways of mitigating them and to put together an effective and complete package of computer programs to design asphalt concrete overlays. Another primary objective...
Satyanarayana Rao, Sindhu
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt overlay design Sample Search Results
the porous overlay must be designed... safety under wet conditions. The overlay allows rainwater to drain down through the pores in the asphalt... . Part of the test section was...
A Continuum Coupled Moisture-mechanical Constitutive Model for Asphalt Concrete
constitutive relationships are implemented in the Pavement Analysis using Nonlinear Damage Approach (PANDA) finite element (FE) package to model the moisture damage effect on the complex environmental-mechanical response of asphalt concrete. The developed...
Shakiba, Maryam
Development of a Prediction Model for Skid Resistance of Asphalt Pavements
The skid resistance of asphalt pavement is a major characteristic that determines the driving safety on a road, especially under wet surface conditions. Skid resistance is primarily a function of the microtexture and macrotexture of a pavement...
Rezaei, Arash
Chip Seals for Asphalt Concrete Pavements: A Proposed Emulsion Residue Specification and Existing Pavement Texture Evaluation
Chip seals are a pavement surface treatment used for maintaining asphalt concrete pavements. National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 14-17 was performed to produce a national Chip Seal Manual which would consolidate the best...
Hoyt, Denise
Development of a long-term durability specification for polymer modified asphalt
In recent years an increased use of polymers has occurred to modify asphalt binders, mainly to decrease pavement rutting but also to improve binder failure strain in direct tension. Whereas all of these effects positively impact the durability...
Woo, Won Jun
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt combustion process Sample Search...
67 LA-UR-03-3983 July 2003 Approved for public release; Summary: are modeled in this analysis. Asphalt plants generate criteria pollutants from the combustion in the gas... of any...
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt pavement cracking Sample Search...
southbound on US-169 are coming from the gravel pits, concrete plants, and waste disposal facilities just north Summary: of the same UTW design on hot-mix asphalt (HMA)...
E-Print Network 3.0 - asphalt hardening Sample Search Results
materials used in roads and predicting road lives Source: Collection: Engineering 22 Bi Oil i A h ltBio-Oil in Asphalt ApplicationsApplications Summary: Bi Oil i A h ltBio-Oil in...
The morphology of polymer modified asphalt and its relationship to rheology and durability
Kraus, B.S., Georgia Institute of Technology Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Charles J. Glover Polymers are added to asphalt binders primarily to stiffen the binder at higher temperatures and thus to protect the pavement against rutting... at summertime temperatures early in the pavement�s life. Also, it has been noted that polymers typically increase the ductility of a binder and that some polymer-asphalt combinations are especially effective. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that enhancing a...
Kraus, Zachary Rothman
The development of a computerized analysis for asphaltic-concrete-mechanical-characterization data
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPUTERIZED ANALYSIS FOR ASPHALTIC- CONCRETE-MECHANICAL-CHARACTERIZATION DATA A Thesis by HARVEY OSCAR FLEISHER Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirement... for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE August 1972 Major Subject: Industrial Engineering THE DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPUTERIZED ANALYSIS FOR ASPHALTIC- CONCRETE-MECHANICAL-CHARACTERIZATION DATA A Thesis by HARVEY OSCAR FLEISHER Approved as to style and content...
Fleisher, Harvey Oscar
Laboratory Evaluation of Hot-Mix Asphalt Concrete Fatigue Cracking Resistance
LABORATORY EVALUATION OF HOT-MIX ASPHALT CONCRETE FATIGUE CRACKING RESISTANCE A Thesis by BRANDON PARKER JAMISON Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements... for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE December 2010 Major Subject: Civil Engineering LABORATORY EVALUATION OF HOT-MIX ASPHALT CONCRETE FATIGUE CRACKING RESISTANCE A Thesis by BRANDON PARKER JAMISON Submitted to the Office of Graduate...
Jamison, Brandon Parker
Development of statistical wet weather model to evaluate frictional properties at the pavement-tire interface on hot mix asphalt concrete
Skid resistance on wet pavements is influenced by friction at the tire-pavement interface as well as overall hot mix asphalt (HMA) performance. It is important to control aggregate, asphalt, and mix properties to achieve desirable frictional...
Bedi, Harpreet
Effects of carboxylic acids on the rheological properties of crumb rubber modified asphalt
The Federal mandate of 1991-1995 on the use of scrap tires in Federal roadway construction sparked a major interest in gaining a fundamental understanding of the behavior of rubber in asphalt. This study is a systematic elucidation of what chemistry controls the final crumb rubber modified asphalt (CRMA) product quality. We discovered that the type and total acid content in the asphalt are the most influential chemical factors that determine the changes in the important roadway properties of shear modulus (G*) and loss angle ({delta}) of CRMA. Low acid (<0.005 m/L) asphalts were modified with three types of carboxylic acid and each made into CRMA using typical field mixing conditions of 1 hour at 175{degrees}C. Rheological measurements were then made at various storage times up to 192 hours following storage at both 156 and 200{degrees}C. We found the changes in CRMA theological properties correspond to the acid type spiked into the asphalt.
Tauer, J.E.; Robertson, R.E. [Western Research Institute, Laramie, WY (United States)
An evaluation of eastern shale oil (ESO) residue as an asphalt additive to reduce oxidative age-hardening and moisture susceptibility was conducted. The ESO residue, having a viscosity of 23.9 Pa{sm_bullet}s at 60{degrees}C (140{degrees}F), was blended with three different petroleum-derived asphalts, AAD-1, AAK-1, and AAM-1, that are known to be very susceptible to oxidative aging. Rheological and infrared analyses of the unaged and aged asphalts and the blends were then conducted to evaluate oxidative age-hardening. In addition, the petroleum-derived asphalts and the blends were coated onto three different aggregates, Lithonia granite (RA), a low-absorption limestone (RD), and a silicious Gulf Coast gravel (RL), and compacted into briquets. Successive freeze-thaw cycling was then conducted to evaluate the moisture susceptibility of the prepared briquets. The abbreviations used above for the asphalts and the aggregates are part of the Strategic Highway Research Program nomenclature.
Asphalt emulsion radon barrier systems for uranium mill tailings: an overview of the technology
Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL), under contract to the US Department of Energy (DOE) Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action Project (UMTRAP) office, has developed an asphalt emulsion cover system to reduce the release of radon from uranium mill tailings. The system has been field tested at Grand Junction, Colorado. Results from laboratory and field tests indicate that this system is effective in reducing radon release to near-background levels (<2.5 pCi m/sup -2/s/sup -1/) and has the properties required for long-term effectiveness and stability. Engineering specifications have been developed, and analysis indicates that asphalt emulsion covers are cost-competitive with other cover systems. This report summarizes the technology for asphalt emulsion radon barrier systems. 59 references, 45 figures, 36 tables.
Baker, E.G.; Hartley, J.N.; Freeman, H.D.; Gates, T.E.; Nelson, D.A.; Dunning, R.L.
Application of pyrolized carbon black from scrap tires in asphalt pavement design and construction
According to EPA reports (1991) of the over 242 million waste generated each year in the United State, 5% are exported, 6% recycled, 11% incinerated, and 78% are landfilled, stockpiled, or illegally dumped. A variety of uses for these tires are being studied. Among these is pyrolysis which produces 5 5% of oil, 25% of carbon black, 9% of steel, 5% of fiber and 6% of gas. Pyrolized carbon black contains 9 % of ash, 4% of sulfur, 12% of butadine copolymer and 75% of carbon black. The objective of this research is to investigate the viability of using PCB as an additive in hot mix asphalt. The use of PCB in asphalt pavement is expected not only to improve the performance of conventional asphalt, but also to provide a means for the mass disposal of waste fires.
Park, T.; Coree, B.J. [Indiana Department of Transportation, West Lafayette, IN (United States). Division of Research; Lovell, C.W. [Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States). School of Civil Engineering
Evaluation of Laboratory Conditioning Protocols for Warm-Mix Asphalt
orientation of field cores and on-site PMLC specimens were evaluated using the Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) (AASHTO T315) and image analysis techniques, respectively. In addition, mixture stiffness in a wet condition was evaluated using the Hamburg Wheel...
Yin, Fan 1990-
Measurements of moisture suction in hot mix asphalt mixes
is to relate suction measurements to physical and chemical properties of the mixtures. The objectives were achieved in two phases. In the first phase, the total suction was measured in HMA specimens with different types of aggregates (limestone and granite...
Kassem, Emad Abdel-Rahman
5th Eurasphalt & Eurobitume Congress, 13-15th June 2012, Istanbul THIXOTROPIC BEHAVIOUR OF PAVING GRADE BITUMENS UNDER DYNAMIC
OF PAVING GRADE BITUMENS UNDER DYNAMIC SHEAR Virginie Mouillet1 , Chantal De La Roche2 , Emmanuel Chailleux2 relevant results. Here we focus on bitumens known for quite a long time (Stinsky, 1975; Stefanczyk, 1993
Project Information Form Project Title Evaluation of the Combined Effect of Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP),
(s) and Amounts Provided (by each agency or organization) Caltrans $90,315 Total Project Cost $90,315 Agency IDProject Information Form Project Title Evaluation of the Combined Effect of Recycled Asphalt of Research Project As virgin material sources become increasingly scarce, and the volume of pavement material
California at Davis, University of
(s) and Amounts Provided (by each agency or organization) Caltrans $90,538 Total Project Cost $90,538 Agency IDProject Information Form Project Title Evaluation of the Combined Effect of Recycled Asphalt of Research Project As virgin material sources become increasingly scarce, and the volume of pavement material
Rheological Investigation of the Influence of Acrylate Polymers on the Modification of Asphalt
of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia 2 Department of Civil Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia, increasing traffic volume, high traffic load, and weather accelerate the pavement deterioration.2 So, asphalt
Hussein, Ibnelwaleed A.
The effect of air blowing on the properties of rubber-modified asphalt binder
production and use. Air blowing, accompanied by high shear mixing at elevated temperatures, was used to produce many asphalt-rubber blends in an attempt to discover a binder which resists phase separation. These air-blown, rubber-modified binders were...
Bauer, Shauna Erin
Influence of coarse aggregate size, shape and surface texture on rutting of hot mix asphalt concrete
increased Hveem Stability, Marshall Stability and resistance to creep of hot mix asphalt concrete. The resilient modulus of the specimens was also enhanced by the increase in the amount of crushed aggregate in the mix at high temperatures (115'F). Fractal...
Yeggoni, Mohan
ESnet Paves Way for HPC 'Superfacility' Real-time Beamline Experiments
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary)morphinanInformation Desert Southwest Region service area. TheEPSCI Home It is the mission of theESnet Paves Way
A Model for the Nonlinear Mechanical Behavior of Asphalt Binders and its Application in Prediction of Rutting Susceptibility
The mechanical behavior of asphalt binders is nonlinear. The binders exhibit shear thinning/thickening behavior in steady shear tests and non-proportational behavior in other standard viscoelastic tests such as creep-recovery or stress relaxation...
Srinivasa Parthasarathy, Atul
Application of Direct Tension Testing to Laboratory Samples to Investigate the Effects of Hot Mix Asphalt Aging
While the oxidation of binders in hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements and its subsequent detrimental effects on pavement life have been well recognized in the last few years, many important issues have not yet been investigated. Understanding how best...
Padigala, Meghana 1989-
Modeling Hot Mix Asphalt Compaction Using a Thermodynamics Based Compressible Viscoelastic Model within the Framework of Multiple Natural Configurations
asphalt (HMA) using the notion of multiple natural configurations. A thermodynamic framework is employed to study the non-linear dissipative response associated with HMA by specifying the forms for the stored energy and the rate of dissipation function...
Thickness estimation of subsurface layers in asphalt pavement using monstatic ground penetrating radar
for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE December 1991 Major Subject: Electrical Engineering THICKNESS ESTIMATION OF SUBSURFACE LAYERS IN ASPHALT PAVEMENT USING MONSTATIC GROUND PENETRATING RADAR A Thesis CHUN LOK LAU Approved as to style and content by... ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. LIST OF FIGURES. . CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION. 1. 1 Importance of pavement profile data. 1. 2 Principle of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) . . . 1. 3 Subsurface layer thickness measurement method. . . . . . II GPR ANTENNA AND SYSTEM CALIBRATION...
Lau, Chun Lok
The Effects of Using Alkali-Silica Reaction Affected Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Hot Mix Asphalt
-RCA in an HMA pavement were identified. Results obtained using accelerated laboratory conditions were extrapolated based on anticipated field conditions. Guidelines for the mitigation of potential distresses in HMA made with ASR-RCA are presented. v... through the Airfield Asphalt Pavement Technology Program. Finally, thanks to my mother and father for their encouragement and to my fianc?e for her patience and love. vii NOMENCLATURE AFB - Air Force Base AASHTO - American Association of State...
Geiger, Brian James
Automated Protocol for the Analysis of Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer Date from Fine Aggregate Asphalt Mixes
AUTOMATED PROTOCOL FOR ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYZER DATA FROM FINE AGGREGATE ASPHALT MIXES A Thesis by PEDRO CAVALCANTI DE SOUSA Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial... by PEDRO CAVALCANTI DE SOUSA Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Approved by: Co-Chairs of Committee, Dallas N. Little Eyad Masad...
Cavalcanti De Sousa, Pedro
Viscosity, relaxation time, and dynamics within a model asphalt of larger molecules
The dynamics properties of a new �next generation� model asphalt system that represents SHRP AAA-1 asphalt using larger molecules than past models is studied using molecular simulation. The system contains 72 molecules distributed over 12 molecule types that range from nonpolar branched alkanes to polar resins and asphaltenes. Molecular weights range from 290 to 890 g/mol. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations conducted at six temperatures from 298.15 to 533.15 K provide a wealth of correlation data. The modified Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts equation was regressed to reorientation time correlation functions and extrapolated to calculate average rotational relaxation times for individual molecules. The rotational relaxation rate of molecules decreased significantly with increasing size and decreasing temperature. Translational self-diffusion coefficients followed an Arrhenius dependence. Similar activation energies of ?42 kJ/mol were found for all 12 molecules in the model system, while diffusion prefactors spanned an order of magnitude. Viscosities calculated directly at 533.15 K and estimated at lower temperatures using the Debye-Stokes-Einstein relationship were consistent with experimental data for asphalts. The product of diffusion coefficient and rotational relaxation time showed only small changes with temperature above 358.15 K, indicating rotation and translation that couple self-consistently with viscosity. At lower temperatures, rotation slowed more than diffusion.
Li, Derek D.; Greenfield, Michael L., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881 (United States)
INTRODUCTION Asphalt is a mixture of a wide variety of chemical compounds that include aliphatic hydrocarbons and highly fused
hydrocarbons and highly fused aromatic ring systems.They are classified as asphaltenes (medium molecular weight
Harms, Kyle E.
Gene therapy rescues photoreceptor blindness in dogs and paves the way for treating human X-linked
Gene therapy rescues photoreceptor blindness in dogs and paves the way for treating human X to treated areas. Both rod and cone photoreceptor function were greater in treated (three of four) than mislocalization in treated areas expressing human RPGR protein in rods and cones. Postreceptoral remodeling
Bushman, Frederic
periods of inconvenience when they drop fruit and create litter problems on paved surfaces such as patios, walks, driveways,
periods of inconvenience when they drop fruit and create litter problems on paved surfaces a flowering or fruiting tree lives up to its potential for health and beauty is largely dependent upon its will thrive and flower well. Flowering and fruiting are greatly influenced by duration and intensity
Liskiewicz, Maciej
Project Description In the search for superior batteries, the road to success is paved with advanced materials: better
Project Description In the search for superior batteries, the road to success is paved with advanced materials: better cathodes, better anodes, better electrolytes. The universe of candidates is so of this proposal is that by leveraging the advances in informatics and high-throughput experimental
Sadoway, Donald Robert
3D Engineered Models for Stringless Paving Workshop Hosted by the Missouri Department Transportation and FHWA Missouri Division
3D Engineered Models for Stringless Paving Workshop Hosted by the Missouri Department Administrator 8:30 Overview of 3D Engineered Models for Highway Construction Gabe Nelson, Snyder and Associates · State of Practice and Why Implement this Technology · Level of Details in 3D Models · How to Get
Establishing material properties for thin asphalt concrete surfaces on granular bases
cross-section of a Goodyear Hi -Miler 10. 00-20 14-ply bias truck tire carcass was obtained; the input data for the Tielking tire model was developed by measuring cord locations, angles, and plies on a section of the tire; and the tire pressure.... Since little work in the past has been done in the area of thin asphalt concrete surface analysis, re-evaluation of several assumptions concerning the tire load were necessary. The truck tire pressures on Texas highways have dramatically increased...
Rosson, Barry Thomas
Recycling spent sandblasting grit and similar wastes as aggregate in asphaltic concrete. Technical data sheet
The Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center (NFESC), Port Hueneme, California, and Naval Facilities Engineering Command Engineering Field Activity, West, San Bruno, California, took overall leadership in identifying and testing methods to manage waste generated from a machine shop located at Hunters Point Annex, at Naval Station, Treasure Island, California. Ship cleaning and equipment maintenance resulted in the accumulation of 4,665 tons of spent sandblasting grit at the site. The spent grit, consisting of silica sand plus a small amount of slag-derived grit, had the physical characteristics of coarse-grained beach sand and also contained fragments of coatings. The spent grit had the potential for exhibiting hazardous characteristics since the coatings included lead-based primers, copper, and butyltin-containing antifouling topcoats. The most beneficial application of reusing the spent grit was to use it as a replacement for some of the fine aggregate in asphaltic concrete. A test program was established that included characterization, bench-scale testing, long-term pilot scale testing, and a full-scale demonstration. Full-scale asphalt production provided samples which proved both the chemical leaching resistance and physical performance characteristics were acceptable.
Heath, J.C.; Nelson, B.
Methane and carbon monoxide emissions from asphalt pavement: Measurements and estimates of their important to global budgets
The authors measured emissions of methane from asphalt surfaces used in pavement for roadways. Maximum emissions were 22 mg/m{sup 2}/hr for 1- to 4-week-old pavement during maximum sunlight intensity. Emissions were much smaller at low sunlight intensity and dropped off to negligible amounts at night. Smaller emissions were observed for asphalt pavement of 2.5 to 3 years approximate age under similar conditions. Comparison measurements of carbon monoxide emissions resulted in maximum emissions of about 2.6 mg/m{sup 2}hr for 1-week-old pavement. These findings indicate that emissions of CH{sub 4} and CO are a function of both sunlight and temperature. Based on these results, methane emissions from asphalt pavement cannot be a significant source of atmospheric methane as compared to other identified methane sources. Therefore, although asphalt methane emissions are a form of fossil fuel methane, they cannot explain the relatively high fraction of {sup 14}C-depleted methane in the atmosphere.
Tyler, S.C.; Dlugokencky, E.; Zimmerman, P.R.; Cicerone, R.J. (National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (USA)); Lowe, D.C. (Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Lower Hutt (New Zealand))
Laboratory measured characteristics of hot-mix asphaltic concrete as related to field performance
Laboratory Army Corps of Engineers Study o THD 1';otorized Press Gyratory Testing 1'~machine ~'marshall Device California Ilachine 1G Field Test Sites Test Section Layout 12 Maco Section Layout 13 Paving A Test Section 14 Coring One Meek Samples 15... molded in their laboratories at the standard $0 blow compactive effort. These marshall specimens were used to provide density and stability data; and to provide a means of comparison between field and laboratory specimens. The significant conclusions...
TenBrook, James Joseph
Exiting test methods to determine moisture sensitivity in hot mix asphalt are time consuming and inconsistent. This research focused on wheel tracking devices to develop a rapid test method to evaluate moisture sensitivity. The Asphalt Pavement...
Shiwakoti, Harihar
Two- and Three-Dimensional Microstructural Modeling of Asphalt Particulate Composite Materials using a Unified Viscoelastic-Viscoplastic-Viscodamage Constitutive Model
The main objective of this study is to develop and validate a framework for microstructural modeling of asphalt composite materials using a coupled thermo-viscoelastic, thermo-viscoplastic, and thermo-viscodamage constitutive model. In addition...
You, Taesun
The importance of the glass transition temperature in relation to the low-temperature fracture resistance of asphalt and sulphlex pavement binders
THE IMPORTANCE DF THE GLASS TRANSITION TEMPERATURE IN RELATION TO THE LOW-TEMPERATURE FRACTURE RESISTANCE OF ASPHALT AND SULPHLEX PAVEMENT BINDERS A Thesis by DOUGLAS LEE SMITH Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas ASM University... of the Glass Transition Temperature in Relation to the Low-Temperature Fracture Resistance of Asphalt and Sulphlex Pavement Binders. (May 1985) Douglas Lee Smith, B. S. , Texas A&M University Chairman of Advisory Committee; Dr. Donald Saylak A quartz tube...
Smith, Douglas Lee
Electrochemical assessment and service-life prediction of mechanically stabilized earth walls backfilled with crushed concrete and recycled asphalt pavement
Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE August 2006 Major Subject: Civil Engineering ELECTROCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT AND SERVICE-LIFE PREDICTION... OF MECHANICALLY STABILIZED EARTH WALLS BACKFILLED WITH CRUSHED CONCRETE AND RECYCLED ASPHALT PAVEMENT A Thesis by MICHAEL WATTS ESFELLER, JR. Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment...
Esfeller, Michael Watts, Jr.
Value-added utilisation of recycled concrete in hot-mix asphalt
The feasibility of partial substitution of granite aggregate in hot-mix asphalt (HMA) with waste concrete aggregate was investigated. Three hybrid HMA mixes incorporating substitutions of granite fillers/fines with 6%, 45% untreated, and 45% heat-treated concrete were evaluated by the Marshall mix design method; the optimum binder contents were found to be 5.3%, 6.5% and 7.0% of grade Pen 60/70 bitumen, respectively. All three hybrid mixes satisfied the Marshall criteria of the Singapore Land Transport Authority (LTA) W3B wearing course specification. The hybrid mix with 6% concrete fillers gave comparable resilient modulus and creep resistance as the conventional W3B mix, while hybrid mixes with higher concrete substitutions achieved better performance. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the distinct presence of free lime in the heat-treated concrete, while the scanning electron microscope (SEM) provided an in-depth perspective of the concrete grains in the HMA matrix. The results suggest feasible use of waste concrete as partial aggregate substitution in HMA.
Wong, Yiik Diew [School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798 (Singapore); Sun, Darren Delai [School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798 (Singapore)]. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Lai, Dickson [School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798 (Singapore)
A study of substitution solvents in asphalt fume extraction and the effects of heating duration and temperature
(denoted Dl). Duration two ( D2) ran from time 60 minutes to time 90 minutes, Dl and DZ were separated by a 30 minute period in wh i ch no sampling occurred. The total time of heati ng at this temperature range was 90 minutes, which was near the limit... of the filter to hold it in position, and the cassette cap was placed on top of this. 3oth ends were then plugged. (Figure 2) After a warming period of approximately 30 minutes, the temperature of the liquid asphalt was raised to 250 C. iihen it reached...
Curry, Noel Thomas
Asphaltenes and Asphalts, 2. Developments in Petroleum Science, 40 B edited by T.F. Yen and G.V. Chilingarian
Asphaltenes and Asphalts, 2. Developments in Petroleum Science, 40 B edited by T.F. Yen and G OF ASPHALTENES: A PREDICTIVE APPROACH BASED ON COMPUTER ASSISTED STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION AND ATOMISTIC SIMULATIONS, asphaltenes and resins [14]. Asphaltenes are operationally defined as the non-volatile and polar fraction
�?agin, Tahir
The Self-Ignition Temperatures of Bitumen Mixtures Containing Transition Metal Nitrates
Information is provided on the self-ignition temperature (SIT) of blown bitumen asphalt mixed with sodium nitrate and some chemicals that are added in the bituminization process to adjust pH and to immobilize the radioactive isotopes of Cs, Sr, and I. In each ignition temperature test, the prepared bitumen sample was heated at a constant rate of temperature increase, and the ignition point was measured. Among the tested chemicals added to the bitumen, Ni(NO{sub 3}){sub 2} shows a relatively large SIT decrease, and furthermore, the mixture of Ni(NO{sub 3}){sub 2} and AgNO{sub 3} has been shown to greatly lower the SIT of blown bitumen. It is suggested that, in general, segregation of these nitrates should be avoided in bituminization, and care should be taken in handling Ag in a Purex reprocessing plant from the viewpoint of waste treatment. Furthermore, the oxidation effects of Fe(NO{sub 3}){sub 3} were tested by measuring torque of the bitumen sample. It was confirmed that the addition of Fe(NO{sub 3}){sub 3} to bitumen rapidly oxidizes the bitumen and increases the viscosity of the bitumen mixture.
Okada, Ken; Nomura, Masao; Fujii, Yasuhiko [Tokyo Institute of Technology (Japan)
Discrete Element Modeling of Influences of Aggregate Gradation and Aggregate Properties on Fracture in Asphalt Mixes
............................................................................ 65 Case I: A Blend of Soft Limestone and Hard Limestone ...... 65 Case II: A Blend of Sandstone and Soft Limestone .............. 68 Comparison of Case I and Case II Results... Strength ......................................................................... 44 3.6 Internal Force Changes with Change in Applied Load for Soft Limestone Mixtures ............................................................. 48 3...
Mahmoud, Enad Muhib Ahmad
Utilize Cementitious High Carbon Fly Ash (CHCFA) to Stabilize Cold In-Place Recycled (CIR) Asphalt Pavement as Base Coarse
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of cementitious high carbon fly ash (CHCFA) stabilized recycled asphalt pavement as a base course material in a real world setting. Three test road cells were built at MnROAD facility in Minnesota. These cells have the same asphalt surface layers, subbases, and subgrades, but three different base courses: conventional crushed aggregates, untreated recycled pavement materials (RPM), and CHCFA stabilized RPM materials. During and after the construction of the three cells, laboratory and field tests were carried out to characterize the material properties. The test results were used in the mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide (MEPDG) to predict the pavement performance. Based on the performance prediction, the life cycle analyses of cost, energy consumption, and greenhouse gasses were performed. The leaching impacts of these three types of base materials were compared. The laboratory and field tests showed that fly ash stabilized RPM had higher modulus than crushed aggregate and RPM did. Based on the MEPDG performance prediction, the service life of the Cell 79 containing fly ash stabilized RPM, is 23.5 years, which is about twice the service life (11 years) of the Cell 77 with RPM base, and about three times the service life (7.5 years) of the Cell 78 with crushed aggregate base. The life cycle analysis indicated that the usage of the fly ash stabilized RPM as the base of the flexible pavement can significantly reduce the life cycle cost, the energy consumption, the greenhouse gases emission. Concentrations of many trace elements, particularly those with relatively low water quality standards, diminish over time as water flows through the pavement profile. For many elements, concentrations below US water drinking water quality standards are attained at the bottom of the pavement profile within 2-4 pore volumes of flow.
Wen, Haifang; Li, Xiaojun; Edil, Tuncer; O'Donnell, Jonathan; Danda, Swapna
24/03/2011 16:13New insight into parasite's reproduction paves way for new therapies Page 1 of 2http://www.dailyindia.com/show/430277.php
http://www.dailyindia.com/show/430277.php Search Home National World Business Sports Cricket into parasite's reproduction paves way for new therapies Page 2 of 2http://www.dailyindia.com/show/430277.php
Gardner, Andy
LEED Study Session Session #3: Buildings
that allow water to penetrate and infiltrate the soil below. o Pervious (no fines) concrete o Porous Asphalt Sites Credit 6: Stormwater Management #12;Pervious Paving What is it? Newer, porous paving systems
Zaferatos, Nicholas C.
Membrane Separations of Liquid Mixtures
MEMBRANE SEPARATIONS OF LIQUID MIXTURES Douglas R. Lloyd Separations Research Program Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin, Texas In recent years considerable attention has been given to the need... for reduced energy costs in the chemical processing industry. A major portion of the energy consumed in this industry is associated with the separation and recovery of chemicals. Membrane processes offer energy-efficient, cost effective methods...
Lloyd, D. R.
Entanglement teleportation via Bell Mixture
We investigate the teleportation of the bipartite entangled states through two equally noisy quantum channels, namely mixture of Bell states. There is a particular mixed state channel for which all pure entanglement in a known Schmidt basis remain entangled after teleportation and it happens till the channel state remains entangled. Werner state channel lacks both these features. The relation of these noisy channels with violation of Bell's inequality and 2-E inequality is studied.
Sibasish Ghosh; Guruprasad Kar; Anirban Roy; Debasis Sarkar; Ujjwal Sen
Contributions to an Improved Oxygen and Thermal Transport Model and Development of Fatigue Analysis Software for Asphalt Pavements
-rate binder oxidation and hardening kinetics and calibrated mechanistic approach with surface energy (CMSE) fatigue analysis algorithm from literature. Input data include reaction kinetics parameters, mixture test results, and pavement temperature. Carbonyl...
Microbes pave way for 'nanowires' -vnunet.com http://www.vnunet.com/vnunet/news/2139059/microbes-fire-nanowires 1 of 3 6/29/2005 5:24 PM
over nanotech breakthrough Nanotech to turbocharge PC and mobile data More stories News centre News structures that are highly electrically conductive, paving the way for organically-based nanotechnology. "These could provide new approaches to using microbes to assist in the remediation of DOE waste sites
Lovley, Derek
SOLAR HEATING OF TANK BOTTOMS Application of Solar Heating to Asphaltic and Parrafinic Oils Reducing Fuel Costs and Greenhouse Gases Due to Use of Natural Gas and Propane
The sale of crude oil requires that the crude meet product specifications for BS&W, temperature, pour point and API gravity. The physical characteristics of the crude such as pour point and viscosity effect the efficient loading, transport, and unloading of the crude oil. In many cases, the crude oil has either a very high paraffin content or asphalt content which will require either hot oiling or the addition of diluents to the crude oil to reduce the viscosity and the pour point of the oil allowing the crude oil to be readily loaded on to the transport. Marginal wells are significantly impacted by the cost of preheating the oil to an appropriate temperature to allow for ease of transport. Highly paraffinic and asphaltic oils exist throughout the D-J basin and generally require pretreatment during cold months prior to sales. The current study addresses the use of solar energy to heat tank bottoms and improves the overall efficiency and operational reliability of stripper wells.
Eugene A. Fritzler
Ann. Occup. Hyg., Vol. 53, No. 6, pp. 551560, 2009 The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press
not elevated among millers). Results from linear mixed-effects models of levels of U-Nap, U-Phe, OH-Phe, and OH; exposure; PAH; urine INTRODUCTION Asphalt (also referred to as bitumen) is a by-product of petroleum refining that is widely used to pave roads. Road-paving workers are exposed to emis- sions from hot asphalt
California at Berkeley, University of
Advanced Enzymes and Mixtures-final-sm
enzymes in the mixture to maximize sugar yields. Leveraging Sandia's expertise in genomics, researchers are mining databases for genes encoded with enzymes from organisms that...
Green Highways: American Concrete Paving
cement is a relatively energy and CO2 intensive material to manufacture... cement manufacturing accounts! So-called "global warming" is just a secret ploy by wacko tree-huggers to make America energy is sustainability? "Meet[ing] the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations
Blind Identification of Over-complete MixturEs of sources (BIOME)
Blind Identification of Over-complete MixturEs of sources (BIOME) Laurent Albera(1,2) , Anne Ferr Abstract The problem of Blind Identification of linear mixtures of independent random pro- cesses is known words: Blind Source Separation, Independent Component Analysis, Tensor, High Order Statistics, Joint
Mesoscopic theory for inhomogeneous mixtures
Mesoscopic density functional theory for inhomogeneous mixtures of sperical particles is developed in terms of mesoscopic volume fractions by a systematic coarse-graining procedure starting form microscopic theory. Approximate expressions for the correlation functions and for the grand potential are obtained for weak ordering on mesoscopic length scales. Stability analysis of the disordered phase is performed in mean-field approximation (MF) and beyond. MF shows existence of either a spinodal or a $\\lambda$-surface on the volume-fractions - temperature phase diagram. Separation into homogeneous phases or formation of inhomogeneous distribution of particles occurs on the low-temperature side of the former or the latter surface respectively, depending on both the interaction potentials and the size ratios between particles of different species. Beyond MF the spinodal surface is shifted, and the instability at the $\\lambda$-surface is suppressed by fluctuations. We interpret the $\\lambda$-surface as a borderline between homogeneous and inhomogeneous (containing clusters or other aggregates) structure of the disordered phase. For two-component systems explicit expressions for the MF spinodal and $\\lambda$-surfaces are derived. Examples of interaction potentials of simple form are analyzed in some detail, in order to identify conditions leading to inhomogeneous structures.
A. Ciach
Dynamic structure factors of a dense mixture
We compute the dynamic structure factors of a dense binary liquid mixture. These describe dynamics on molecular length scales, where structural relaxation is important. We find that the presence of a few large particles in a dense fluid of small particles slows down the dynamics considerably. We also observe a deep narrowing of the spectrum for a disordered mixture composed of a nearly equal packing of the two species. In contrast, a few small particles diffuse easily in the background of a dense fluid of large particles. We expect our results to describe neutron scattering from a dense mixture.
Supurna Sinha
Application of Finite Mixture Models for Vehicle Crash Data Analysis
heterogeneity through the use of finite mixture regression models. A Finite mixture of Poisson or NB regression models is especially useful when the count data were generated from a heterogeneous population. To evaluate these models, Poisson and NB mixture...
Park, Byung Jung
Novel anisole mixture and gasoline containing the same
A novel anisole mixture containing anisole and a mixture of alkyl anisoles and liquid hydrocarbon fuels containing said novel anisole mixture in an amount sufficient to increase the octane number of said liquid fuel composition.
Singerman, Gary M. (Monroeville, PA)
Industrial Utilization of Coal-Oil Mixtures
Coal-oil mixtures (COM) are receiving increasing interest as economical alternatives to residual fuel oil and natural gas used in heavy industrial and utility applications. Four basic approaches are currently employed in the manufacture of COM...
Dunn, J. E.; Hawkins, G. T.
Environmental toxicity of complex chemical mixtures
and wildlife tissues were collected from four National Priority List Superfund sites within the United States. In general, chemical analysis was not always predictive of mixture toxicity. Although biodegradation reduced the concentration of total...
Gillespie, Annika Margaret
Binary mixture flammability characteristics for hazard assessment
calculations and UNIFAC, a theoretical model that does not require experimental binary interaction parameters, are employed in the mixture flash point predictions, which are validated with experimental data. MFPB is successfully predicted using the UNIFAC model...
Vidal Vazquez, Migvia del C.
PVT measurements for five natural gas mixtures
PVT MEASUREMENTS FOR FIVE NATURAL GAS MIXTURES A Thesis by PHILIP PARAYIL SIMON Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE August 1991..., The Netherlands), Ruhrgas (Germany), National Institute of Standards and Technology (Boulder, Colorado, USA), and Texas A&M University (USA). This work involved the measurement of the compressibility factors of the five natural gas mixtures at temperatures...
Simon, Philip Parayil
Diffusion method of seperating gaseous mixtures
A method of effecting a relatively large change in the relative concentrations of the components of a gaseous mixture by diffusion which comprises separating the mixture into heavier and lighter portions according to major fraction mass recycle procedure, further separating the heavier portions into still heavier subportions according to a major fraction mass recycle procedure, and further separating the lighter portions into still lighter subportions according to a major fraction equilibrium recycle procedure.
Pontius, Rex B. (Rochester, NY)
Mixed-mode diesel HCCI with External Mixture Formation: Preliminary...
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
Mixed-mode diesel HCCI with External Mixture Formation: Preliminary Results Mixed-mode diesel HCCI with External Mixture Formation: Preliminary Results 2003 DEER Conference...
Journal of Testing and Evaluation, Nov. 2005, Vol. 33, No. 6 Paper ID JTE12579
-Edge Notched Beam Test for Asphalt Concrete Mixtures ABSTRACT: This paper describes the development of a fracture test for determining the fracture energy of asphalt concrete. The test will be used in combination to be within a range typical for asphalt concrete fracture testing. KEYWORDS: asphalt concrete, fracture
Coal-water mixture fuel burner
The present invention represents an improvement over the prior art by providing a rotating cup burner arrangement for use with a coal-water mixture fuel which applies a thin, uniform sheet of fuel onto the inner surface of the rotating cup, inhibits the collection of unburned fuel on the inner surface of the cup, reduces the slurry to a collection of fine particles upon discharge from the rotating cup, and further atomizes the fuel as it enters the combustion chamber by subjecting it to the high shear force of a high velocity air flow. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide for improved combustion of a coal-water mixture fuel. It is another object of the present invention to provide an arrangement for introducing a coal-water mixture fuel into a combustion chamber in a manner which provides improved flame control and stability, more efficient combustion of the hydrocarbon fuel, and continuous, reliable burner operation. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide for the continuous, sustained combustion of a coal-water mixture fuel without the need for a secondary combustion source such as natural gas or a liquid hydrocarbon fuel. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a burner arrangement capable of accommodating a coal-water mixture fuel having a wide range of rheological and combustion characteristics in providing for its efficient combustion. 7 figs.
Brown, T.D.; Reehl, D.P.; Walbert, G.F.
Mixture balance laws for fluid flows with phase transition
. Cavitation: Francis turbine, cavitation damage and old repairs with stainless steel welding Mixture balance
Helluy, Philippe
Detailed Kinetic Modeling of Gasoline Surrogate Mixtures
Real fuels are complex mixtures of thousands of hydrocarbon compounds including linear and branched paraffins, naphthenes, olefins and aromatics. It is generally agreed that their behavior can be effectively reproduced by simpler fuel surrogates containing a limited number of components. In this work, a recently revised version of the kinetic model by the authors is used to analyze the combustion behavior of several components relevant to gasoline surrogate formulation. Particular attention is devoted to linear and branched saturated hydrocarbons (PRF mixtures), olefins (1-hexene) and aromatics (toluene). Model predictions for pure components, binary mixtures and multi-component gasoline surrogates are compared with recent experimental information collected in rapid compression machine, shock tube and jet stirred reactors covering a wide range of conditions pertinent to internal combustion engines. Simulation results are discussed focusing attention on the mixing effects of the fuel components.
Mehl, M; Curran, H J; Pitz, W J; Westbrook, C K
Local composition models for lattice mixtures
A detailed comparison is made of several local-composition lattice models. The models considered include several popular activity coefficient models: the Wilson equation, Guggenheim`s quasi-chemical theory (GQC), the nonrandom two-liquid theory (NRTL), and the universal quasi-chemical (UNIQUAC) theory. Also considered are three recently developed lattice models: the Born-Green-Yvon (BGY) model, the nonrandom surface fraction (NRSF) model, and the Aranovich-Donohue (AD) model. Similarities and differences in the assumptions regarding the local compositions are examined. Detailed comparisons are made for both symmetric and asymmetric monomer mixtures as well as for polymer/solvent mixtures with Monte Carlo simulations.
Wu, D.W.; Cui, Y.; Donohue, M.D. [Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering] [Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering
Non-electrolyte viscous liquid mixtures
. Equations Proposed for the Dependence of Viscosity of Liquid Mixtures on Chemical Composition at Constant Temperature, 36 TABLE III. TABLE IV. Compar1son of Errors in Determining Mixture Viscosit1es Using the Congruence-Viscos1ty Equat1on 86... states theory simplif1ed the more complex initial equations into the reasonably simple eq 3 lg. For ideal systems there is no "interaction viscosity, ny2 and the equation reduces to 2 + 2 nM Xl"1 X2n2 or nM = ZX 0 2 o o o (3. 20) R1ce compared...
Wakefield, Dawn Lee
Oxidative particle mixtures for groundwater treatment
The invention is a method and a composition of a mixture for degradation and immobilization of contaminants in soil and groundwater. The oxidative particle mixture and method includes providing a material having a minimal volume of free water, mixing at least one inorganic oxidative chemical in a granular form with a carrier fluid containing a fine grained inorganic hydrophilic compound and injecting the resulting mixture into the subsurface. The granular form of the inorganic oxidative chemical dissolves within the areas of injection, and the oxidative ions move by diffusion and/or advection, therefore extending the treatment zone over a wider area than the injection area. The organic contaminants in the soil and groundwater are degraded by the oxidative ions, which form solid byproducts that can sorb significant amounts of inorganic contaminants, metals, and radionuclides for in situ treatment and immobilization of contaminants. The method and composition of the oxidative particle mixture for long-term treatment and immobilization of contaminants in soil and groundwater provides for a reduction in toxicity of contaminants in a subsurface area of contamination without the need for continued injection of treatment material, or for movement of the contaminants, or without the need for continuous pumping of groundwater through the treatment zone, or removal of groundwater from the subsurface area of contamination.
Siegrist, Robert L. (Boulder, CO); Murdoch, Lawrence C. (Clemson, SC)
Ternary gas mixture for diffuse discharge switch
A new diffuse discharge gas switch wherein a mixture of gases is used to take advantage of desirable properties of the respective gases. There is a conducting gas, an insulating gas, and a third gas that has low ionization energy resulting in a net increase in the number of electrons available to produce a current.
Christophorou, Loucas G. (Oak Ridge, TN); Hunter, Scott R. (Oak Ridge, TN)
Trajectory mixture density networks with multiple mixtures for acoustic-articulatory inversion�
We have previously proposed a trajectory model which is based on a mixture density network (MDN) trained with target variables augmented with dynamic features together with an algorithm for estimating maximum likelihood trajectories which respects...
Richmond, Korin
Kinetic description of mixtures of anisotropic fluids
A simple system of coupled kinetic equations for quark and gluon anisotropic systems is solved numerically. The solutions are compared with the predictions of the anisotropic hydrodynamics describing a mixture of anisotropic fluids. We find that the solutions of the kinetic equations can be well reproduced by anisotropic hydrodynamics if the initial distribution are oblate for both quarks and gluons. On the other hand, the solutions of the kinetic equations have a different qualitative behavior from those obtained in anisotropic hydrodynamics if the initial configurations are oblate-prolate or prolate-prolate. This suggests that an extension of the anisotropic hydrodynamics scheme for the mixture of anisotropic fluids is needed, where higher moments of the kinetic equations are used and present simplifications are avoided.
Wojciech Florkowski; Oskar Madetko
Soliton trains in Bose-Fermi mixtures
We theoretically consider the formation of bright solitons in a mixture of Bose and Fermi degenerate gases. While we assume the forces between atoms in a pure Bose component to be effectively repulsive, their character can be changed from repulsive to attractive in the presence of fermions provided the Bose and Fermi gases attract each other strongly enough. In such a regime the Bose component becomes a gas of effectively attractive atoms. Hence, generating bright solitons in the bosonic gas is possible. Indeed, after a sudden increase of the strength of attraction between bosons and fermions (realized by using a Feshbach resonance technique or by firm radial squeezing of both samples) soliton trains appear in the Bose-Fermi mixture.
T. Karpiuk; M. Brewczyk; S. Ospelkaus-Schwarzer; K. Bongs; M. Gajda; K. Rzazewski
Noise Compensation for Subspace Gaussian Mixture Models
Noise Compensation for Subspace Gaussian Mixture Models Liang Lu University of Edinburgh Joint work condition (i.e. noise), the gain disappears Goal Noise compensation for SGMM Method Model space compensation . . .· · · · · · · · · · ·· · ·· · ···· · ·· · ·· vjk Liang Lu, Interspeech, September, 2012 R T S C R T S C #12;Noise compensation Larger modelling
Edinburgh, University of
adaptive mixture modelling: Topics by E-print Network
Randal Douc; Telecom Sudparis; Arnaud Guillin; Christian P. Robert 2007-01-01 24 Optimal Mixture Models in IR CiteSeer Summary: We explore the use of Optimal Mixture Models...
Measurements of molecular and thermal diffusion coefficients in ternary mixtures
of a polymer and a colloid in a water-ethanol solvent, treating the ternary mixture as a pseudobinary; Gans et polymer in a water-ethanol solvent mixture. They reported a sign change in the Soret coefficient
Firoozabadi, Abbas
Dual-water mixture fuel burner
A coal-water mixture (CWM) burner includes a conically shaped rotating cup into which fuel comprised of coal particles suspended in a slurry is introduced via a first, elongated inner tube coupled to a narrow first end portion of the cup. A second, elongated outer tube is coaxially positioned about the first tube and delivers steam to the narrow first end of the cup. The fuel delivery end of the inner first tube is provided with a helical slot on its lateral surface for directing the CWM onto the inner surface of the rotating cup in the form of a uniform, thin sheet which, under the influence of the cup's centrifugal force, flows toward a second, open, expanded end portion of the rotating cup positioned immediately adjacent to a combustion chamber. The steam delivered to the rotating cup wets its inner surface and inhibits the coal within the CWM from adhering to the rotating cup. A primary air source directs a high velocity air flow coaxially about the expanded discharge end of the rotating cup for applying a shear force to the CWM in atomizing the fuel mixture for improved combustion. A secondary air source directs secondary air into the combustion chamber adjacent to the outlet of the rotating cup at a desired pitch angle relative to the fuel mixture/steam flow to promote recirculation of hot combustion gases within the ignition zone for increased flame stability.
Brown, Thomas D. (Finleyville, PA); Reehl, Douglas P. (Pittsburgh, PA); Walbert, Gary F. (Library, PA)
ccsd00004127, ON THE SURFACE TENSIONS OF BINARY MIXTURES
ccsd00004127, version 1 2 Feb 2005 ON THE SURFACE TENSIONS OF BINARY MIXTURES JEAN RUIZ Abstract tensions and the concentrations are brie y reviewed. Key Words: Surface tensions, binary mixtures the corresponding surface tension depends on the composition of the mixture. Some relationship is expected which
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth (AOD)ProductssondeadjustsondeadjustAbout the Building TechnologiesS1!4TCombustionOptimizing enzyme mixtures to
2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4 www.schulich.ucalgary.ca FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Jadzinski (1st Prize) Paving Asphalt Modification with Tire Crumb Rubber with and without used lubricating oil Ameli Pereira (2nd Prize) Comparison of Direct Tension Test and the Ontario Ministry
Calgary, University of
This Calculation Note performs and documents MCNP criticality calculations for plutonium (100% {sup 239}Pu) hydraulic fluid mixtures. Spherical geometry was used for these generalized criticality safety calculations and three geometries of neutron reflection are: {sm_bullet}bare, {sm_bullet}1 inch of hydraulic fluid, or {sm_bullet}12 inches of hydraulic fluid. This document shows the critical volume and critical mass for various concentrations of plutonium in hydraulic fluid. Between 1 and 2 gallons of hydraulic fluid were discovered in the bottom of HA-23S. This HA-23S hydraulic fluid was reported by engineering to be Fyrquel 220. The hydraulic fluid in GLovebox HA-23S is Fyrquel 220 which contains phosphorus. Critical spherical geometry in air is calculated with 0 in., 1 in., or 12 inches hydraulic fluid reflection.
Ternary liquid mixture viscosities and densities
Liquid mixture viscosities and densities have been measured at 298.15 K and ambient pressure for 20 ternary systems. Twelve ternary compositions, encompassing the entire composition range, have been chosen for each system in an effort to test a newly proposed predictive equation based on local compositions. Viscosities calculated by using the local composition model agreed with the experimental data within an average absolute deviation of 6.4%. No adjustable parameters were used and only binary interactions in the form of NRTL constants were input. The results of these studies indicate that the local composition model predictions are generally as good for multicomponent systems as they are for the corresponding binaries. 24 references, 3 tables.
Wei, I.C.; Rowley, R.L.
Phase equilibrium measurements on nine binary mixtures
Phase equilibrium measurements have been performed on nine binary mixtures. The PTx method was used to obtain vapor-liquid equilibrium data for the following systems at two temperatures each: (aminoethyl)piperazine + diethylenetriamine; 2-butoxyethyl acetate + 2-butoxyethanol; 2-methyl-2-propanol + 2-methylbutane; 2-methyl-2-propanol + 2-methyl-2-butene; methacrylonitrile + methanol; 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane + hydrogen chloride; 2-(hexyloxy)ethanol + ethylene glycol; butane + ammonia; propionaldehyde + butane. Equilibrium vapor and liquid phase compositions were derived form the PTx data using the Soave equation of state to represent the vapor phase and the Wilson or the NRTL activity coefficient model to represent the liquid phase. A large immiscibility region exists in the butane + ammonia system at 0 C. Therefore, separate vapor-liquid-liquid equilibrium measurements were performed on this system to more precisely determine the miscibility limits and the composition of the vapor phase in equilibrium with the two liquid phases.
Wilding, W.V. [Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT (United States). Chemical Engineering Dept.] [Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT (United States). Chemical Engineering Dept.; Giles, N.F.; Wilson, L.C. [Wiltec Research Co. Inc., Provo, UT (United States)] [Wiltec Research Co. Inc., Provo, UT (United States)
Predicting viscosities of aqueous salt mixtures
Viscosity plays an important role in quantifying heat and mass transfer rates as depicted in theoretical and semi-empirical correlations. In practical problems where extreme temperatures and solute concentrations are encountered, viscosity data is usually unavailable. At these conditions, no dependable correlation appears to exist in the literature. This paper uses the hole type model to predict the viscosity of aqueous electrolytes containing single and mixed salts up to the molten salt regime. This model needs two parameters which can be evaluated from sparse data. For LiBr/water and (Li, K, na) NO[sub 3]/water mixtures, it is shown that the agreement between predicted and experimental values is very good over wide temperature and concentration ranges. The deviation between these two values was found to be less than 9%.
Zaltash, A.; Ally, M.R.
Viscosity plays an important role in quantifying heat and mass transfer rates as depicted in theoretical and semi-empirical correlations. In practical problems where extreme temperatures and solute concentrations are encountered, viscosity data is usually unavailable. At these conditions, no dependable correlation appears to exist in the literature. This paper uses the hole type model to predict the viscosity of aqueous electrolytes containing single and mixed salts up to the molten salt regime. This model needs two parameters which can be evaluated from sparse data. For LiBr/water and (Li, K, na) NO{sub 3}/water mixtures, it is shown that the agreement between predicted and experimental values is very good over wide temperature and concentration ranges. The deviation between these two values was found to be less than 9%.
Exotic superconducting phases of ultracold atom mixtures on triangular lattices
Exotic Superconducting Phases of Ultracold Atom Mixtures onlattice contain exotic superconducting phases. For spin-1/2competition between superconducting phases with di?erent
Mathey, Ludwig; Tsai, Shan-Wen; Castro Neto, Antonio H.
ampholyte mixtures: Topics by E-print Network
cooling, spray painting or transport of bubbly liquids. Normally, we. Cavitation: Francis turbine, cavitation damage and old repairs with stainless steel welding Mixture balance -...
Low energy isomers of (H2O)25 from a hierarchical method based on Monte Carlo Temperature Basin Paving and Molecular Tailoring Approaches benchmarked by full MP2 calculations
We report new global minimum candidate structures for the (H2O)25 cluster that are lower in energy than the ones reported previously and correspond to hydrogen bonded networks with 42 hydrogen bonds and an interior, fully coordinated water molecule. These were obtained as a result of a hierarchical approach based on initial Monte Carlo Temperature Basin Paving (MCTBP) sampling of the cluster�s Potential Energy Surface (PES) with the Effective Fragment Potential (EFP), subsequent geometry optimization using the Molecular Tailoring fragmentation Approach (MTA) and final refinement at the second order M�ller Plesset perturbation (MP2) level of theory. The MTA geometry optimizations used between 14 and 18 main fragments with maximum sizes between 11 and 14 water molecules and average size of 10 water molecules, whose energies and gradients were computed at the MP2 level. The MTA-MP2 optimized geometries were found to be quite close (within < 0.5 kcal/mol) to the ones obtained from the MP2 optimization of the whole cluster. The grafting of the MTA-MP2 energies yields electronic energies that are within < 5�10-4 a.u. from the MP2 results for the whole cluster while preserving their energy order. The MTA-MP2 method was also found to reproduce the MP2 harmonic vibrational frequencies in both the HOH bending and the OH stretching regions.
Sahu, Nityananda; Gadre, Shridhar R.; Bandyopadhyay, Pradipta; Miliordos, Evangelos; Xantheas, Sotiris S.
Low energy isomers of (H{sub 2}O){sub 25} from a hierarchical method based on Monte Carlo temperature basin paving and molecular tailoring approaches benchmarked by MP2 calculations
We report new global minimum candidate structures for the (H{sub 2}O){sub 25} cluster that are lower in energy than the ones reported previously and correspond to hydrogen bonded networks with 42 hydrogen bonds and an interior, fully coordinated water molecule. These were obtained as a result of a hierarchical approach based on initial Monte Carlo Temperature Basin Paving sampling of the cluster's Potential Energy Surface with the Effective Fragment Potential, subsequent geometry optimization using the Molecular Tailoring Approach with the fragments treated at the second order M�ller-Plesset (MP2) perturbation (MTA-MP2) and final refinement of the entire cluster at the MP2 level of theory. The MTA-MP2 optimized cluster geometries, constructed from the fragments, were found to be within <0.5 kcal/mol from the minimum geometries obtained from the MP2 optimization of the entire (H{sub 2}O){sub 25} cluster. In addition, the grafting of the MTA-MP2 energies yields electronic energies that are within <0.3 kcal/mol from the MP2 energies of the entire cluster while preserving their energy rank order. Finally, the MTA-MP2 approach was found to reproduce the MP2 harmonic vibrational frequencies, constructed from the fragments, quite accurately when compared to the MP2 ones of the entire cluster in both the HOH bending and the OH stretching regions of the spectra.
Sahu, Nityananda; Gadre, Shridhar R., E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016 (India); Rakshit, Avijit; Bandyopadhyay, Pradipta [School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067 (India); Miliordos, Evangelos; Xantheas, Sotiris S., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, MS K1-83, Richland, Washington 99352 (United States)
Surface tension in a reactive binary mixture of incompressible fluids
Surface tension in a reactive binary mixture of incompressible fluids Henning Struchtrup Institute with a distributed form of surface tension. The model describes chemistry, diffusion, viscosity and heat transfer tension at the front. Keywords: Binary mixtures, Surface tension, Irreversible thermodynamics, Hele
Struchtrup, Henning
Blind Signal Separation in Teleconferencing using the ICA Mixture Model
sensors in nonstationary environments is presented. The algorithm is based on the ICA mixture model more sources than sensors if sources are in different mixing classes. The required number of sensors mixture model can sepa rate two speech signals and a background music signal with only two microphones
Lee, Te-Won
Variability of hot mix asphalt produced with reclaimed asphalt pavement
/8"-No. 4 No. 4-No. 10 No. 10-No. 40 No. 40-No. 80 No. 80-No. 200 No. 200- Sum Sample Size 76 76 76 76 76 76 Mean Y 0. 0001 0. 1463 0. 3672 0. 2806 0. 1923 0. 0135 Stdev S 0. 0002 0. 0102 0. 0186 0. 0207 0. 0158 0. 0026 Y(1 ? Y) 0. 0001 0. 1249 0... No. 10 No. 40 No. 80 No. 200 Sample Size 76 76 76 76 76 76 Mean X 0. 9999 0. 8536 0. 4864 0. 2058 0. 0135 Stdev S 0. 0002 0. 0102 0. 0238 0. 0159 0. 0026 2C(1 ? X) 0. 0001 0. 1250 0. 2498 0. 1635 0. 0133 Variance S 2 6. 23E-08 1. 05E-04 5. 65E-04...
Yang, Guiqin
Phase equilibrium measurements on twelve binary mixtures
Phase equilibrium measurements have been performed on twelve binary mixtures. The PTx method was used to obtain vapor-liquid equilibrium data for the following binary systems at two temperatures each: ethanethiol + propylene; nitrobenzene + methanol; pyridine + ethyl acetate; octane + tert-amyl methyl ether; diisopropyl ether + butane; 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol + epichlorohydrin; 2,3-dichloro-1-propanol + epichlorohydrin; 2,3-epoxy-1-propanol + epichlorohydrin; 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol + epichlorohydrin; methanol + hydrogen cyanide. For these systems, equilibrium vapor and liquid phase compositions were derived from the PTx data using the Soave equation of state to represent the vapor phase and the Wilson, NRTL, or Redlich-Kister activity coefficient model to represent the liquid phase. The infinite dilution activity coefficient of methylamine in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was determined at three temperatures by performing PTx measurements on the N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was determined at three temperatures by performing PTx measurements on the N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone-rich half of the binary. Liquid-liquid equilibrium studies were made on the triethylene glycol + 1-pentene system at two temperatures by directly analyzing samples taken from each liquid phase.
Giles, N.F. [Wiltec Research Co., Inc., Provo, UT (United States)] [Wiltec Research Co., Inc., Provo, UT (United States); Wilson, H.L.; Wilding, W.V. [Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT (United States). Chemical Engineering Dept.] [Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT (United States). Chemical Engineering Dept.
Method of removing nitrogen oxides from exhaust gas mixtures
A method of removing nitrogen oxides (NOX) from exhaust gas mixtures is described. The removal of NOX from exhaust gas mixtures is accomplished by exposing the exhaust gas mixture, in a manner that does not substantially impede the gas flow, to a ceramic material containing from about 75% to about 95% by weight silicon carbide and from about 0.3% to about 10.0% silica. A reduction of at least 85% of NOX from the mixture is to be expected and reductions up to 95 to 100% are attainable. Ceramic mixtures containing silicon nitride in amounts between about 10% and about 30% are found to reduce the amount of NOX in exhaust gases at temperatures as low as 200* C.
Batha, H.D.; Mason, J.H.; Thompson, S.R.
Method for identifying known materials within a mixture of unknowns
One or both of two methods and systems are used to determine concentration of a known material in an unknown mixture on the basis of the measured interaction of electromagnetic waves upon the mixture. One technique is to utilize a multivariate analysis patch technique to develop a library of optimized patches of spectral signatures of known materials containing only those pixels most descriptive of the known materials by an evolutionary algorithm. Identity and concentration of the known materials within the unknown mixture is then determined by minimizing the residuals between the measurements from the library of optimized patches and the measurements from the same pixels from the unknown mixture. Another technique is to train a neural network by the genetic algorithm to determine the identity and concentration of known materials in the unknown mixture. The two techniques may be combined into an expert system providing cross checks for accuracy.
Wagner, John S. (Albuquerque, NM)
System for identifying known materials within a mixture of unknowns
One or both of two methods and systems are used to determine concentration of a known material in an unknown mixture on the basis of the measured interaction of electromagnetic waves upon the mixture. One technique is to utilize a multivariate analysis patch technique to develop a library of optimized patches of spectral signatures of known materials containing only those pixels most descriptive of the known materials by an evolutionary algorithm. Identity and concentration of the known materials within the unknown mixture is then determined by minimizing the residuals between the measurements from the library of optimized patches and the measurements from the same pixels from the unknown mixture. Another technique is to train a neural network by the genetic algorithm to determine the identity and concentration of known materials in the unknown mixture. The two techniques may be combined into an expert system providing cross checks for accuracy. 37 figs.
Wagner, J.S.
New Lasers Pave Way for Tabletop Accelerators
Center (NERSC). Traditional accelerators, like the Large Hadron Collider where the Higgs boson was recently discovered, rely on high-power radio-frequency waves to energize...
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsrucLas Conchas recoveryLaboratory | NationalJohn CyberNeutrons used to studyThe4 2.450New
Responses in Milk Constituents to Intravascular Administration of Two Mixtures of Amino Acids to Dairy Cows
to inves- tigate the effects of intravascular infusions of AA mixtures on milk constituents. Cows were infusion, followed by a 5-djugular infusion of a mixture of AA. Two mixtures of AA were used in a crossover (total AA); this mixture was infused at 400 g of M d . The other mixture represented the essential AA
Bequette, Brian J.
This report describes work performed during a thirty month project which involves the production of dimethyl ether (DME) on-site for use as an ignition-improving additive in a compression-ignition natural gas engine. A single cylinder spark ignition engine was converted to compression ignition operation. The engine was then fully instrumented with a cylinder pressure transducer, crank shaft position sensor, airflow meter, natural gas mass flow sensor, and an exhaust temperature sensor. Finally, the engine was interfaced with a control system for pilot injection of DME. The engine testing is currently in progress. In addition, a one-pass process to form DME from natural gas was simulated with chemical processing software. Natural gas is reformed to synthesis gas (a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide), converted into methanol, and finally to DME in three steps. Of additional benefit to the internal combustion engine, the offgas from the pilot process can be mixed with the main natural gas charge and is expected to improve engine performance. Furthermore, a one-pass pilot facility was constructed to produce 3.7 liters/hour (0.98 gallons/hour) DME from methanol in order to characterize the effluent DME solution and determine suitability for engine use. Successful production of DME led to an economic estimate of completing a full natural gas-to-DME pilot process. Additional experimental work in constructing a synthesis gas to methanol reactor is in progress. The overall recommendation from this work is that natural gas to DME is not a suitable pathway to improved natural gas engine performance. The major reasons are difficulties in handling DME for pilot injection and the large capital costs associated with DME production from natural gas.
Jason M. Keith
Improved gas mixtures for gas-filled radiation detectors
Improved binary and ternary gas mixtures for gas-filled radiation detectors are provided. The components are chosen on the basis of the principle that the first component is one molecular gas or mixture of two molecular gases having a large electron scattering cross section at energies of about 0.5 eV and higher, and the second component is a noble gas having a very small cross section at and below about 1.0 eV, whereby fast electrons in the gaseous mixture are slowed into the energy range of about 0.5 eV where the cross section for the mixture is small and hence the electron mean free path is large. The reduction in both the cross section and the electron energy results in an increase in the drift velocity of the electrons in the gas mixtures over that for the separate components for a range of E/P (pressure-reduced electric field) values. Several gas mixtures are provided that provide faster response in gas-filled detectors for convenient E/P ranges as compared with conventional gas mixtures.
Christophorou, L.G.; McCorkle, D.L.; Maxey, D.V.; Carter, J.G.
Use of Wehner Schulze to predict skid resistance of Irish surfacing materials
resistance of the combined components of asphalt mixes and how they interact with vehicle tyres. hal-00851551Daniel and Coree, 2003) are devices developed to simulate polishing of aggregate or asphalt mixtures. The National Centre for Asphalt Technology (NCAT) developed a test apparatus which uses three pneumatic tyres
Boyer, Edmond
Eshan V. Dave,1 Andrew F. Braham,2
of a Flattened Indirect Tension Test for Asphalt Concrete ABSTRACT: The indirect tension test (IDT) is frequently is proposed for indirect tension testing of asphalt concrete. In place of the standard loading heads of three asphalt concrete mixtures in two flattened configurations. This integrated modeling and testing
Shock jump relations for multiphase mixtures with stiff mechanical relaxation
characteristic velocity is the sound speed, while thermal relaxation is related with diffusive effects whose mixtures, shock propagation in solid alloys, solid and liquid propellants as well as condensed solid
Quantum degenerate mixtures of strontium and rubidium atoms
We report on the realization of quantum degenerate gas mixtures of the alkaline-earth element strontium with the alkali element rubidium. A key ingredient of our scheme is sympathetic cooling of Rb by Sr atoms that are continuously laser cooled on a narrow linewidth transition. This versatile technique allows us to produce ultracold gas mixtures with a phase-space density of up to 0.06 for both elements. By further evaporative cooling we create double Bose-Einstein condensates of 87Rb with either 88Sr or 84Sr, reaching more than 10^5 condensed atoms per element for the 84Sr-87Rb mixture. These quantum gas mixtures constitute an important step towards the production of a quantum gas of polar, open-shell RbSr molecules.
Pasquiou, Benjamin; Tzanova, Slava; Stellmer, Simon; Szczepkowski, Jacek; Parigger, Mark; Grimm, Rudolf; Schreck, Florian
Breath is a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water
12 SCIENCE Breath is a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapour, inert gases. On the basis of proton affinity, the major constituents of air and breath (nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide
Bayesian variable selection in clustering via dirichlet process mixture models
simultane- ously. I use Dirichlet process mixture models to define the cluster structure and to introduce in the model a latent binary vector to identify discriminating variables. I update the variable selection index using a Metropolis algorithm and obtain...
Kim, Sinae
Method for producing hydrocarbon and alcohol mixtures. [Patent application
It is an object of this invention to provide an efficient process for extracting alcohols and ketones from an aqueous solution containing the same into hydrocarbon fuel mixtures, such as gasoline, diesel fuel and fuel oil. Another object of the invention is to provide a mixture consisting of hydrocarbon, alcohols or ketones, polyoxyalkylene polymer and water which can be directly added to fuels or further purified. The above stated objects are achieved in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention by contacting an aqueous fermentation liquor with a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture containing carbon compounds having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, which may include gasoline, diesel fuel or fuel oil. The hydrocarbon-aqueous alcohol solution is mixed in the presence or one or more of a group of polyoxyalkylene polymers described in detail hereinafter; the fermentation alcohol being extracted into the hydrocarbon fuel-polyoxyalkylene polymer mixture.
Compere, A.L.; Googin, J.M.; Griffith, W.L.
Genetic Evidence for Recent Population Mixture in India
Most Indian groups descend from a mixture of two genetically divergent populations: Ancestral North Indians (ANI) related to Central Asians, Middle Easterners, Caucasians, and Europeans; and Ancestral South Indians (ASI) ...
Moorjani, Priya
Deconvolution in Random Effects Models via Normal Mixtures
This dissertation describes a minimum distance method for density estimation when the variable of interest is not directly observed. It is assumed that the underlying target density can be well approximated by a mixture of normals. The method...
Litton, Nathaniel A.
Absorption of sound in liquids and liquid mixtures
ABSORPTION OF SOUND IN LIQUIDS AND LIQUID MIXTURES A Thesis Raiq S. causa Approved as to style and content by: (Chairman of Committee) January 1955 L1BRARY A 4 M COLLEOE OF IEXAS ADSORPTION OF SOfP@ LIQUIDS AND LIQUID NIXTURES A Thesis... Introduction to the Problem Experimental Methods and Procedures Results Discussion of Results Acknowledgements Bib 1 io graphy 22 4I 42 Introduction to the Problem The study of sound absorption in liquids and liquid mixtures is of considerable...
Musa, Raiq S
Simulations of oscillatory convection in 3 He mixtures in moderate
performed in salt-water mixtures,9 subsequent experiments focused on 3 He4 He Refs. 1 and 1012 and water to a water-ethanol mixture with separation ratio S=-0.021 in containers of aspect ratio 16 17 and R-Rc /Rc 10 the aspect ratio may be quite large. · The primary instability takes the form of a subcritical bi- furcation
Batiste, Oriol
Economic aspects of black bases in Texas
the f easibility of using sand-asphalt stabilized base courses. Gregg reported that the sand-asphalt bases investigated in the field studies performed well under moving traffic. Moduli of resilient deformation of the bitumen-sand mixtures were... Ayron Schoen, B. S. , Texas ARK University Chairman of Advisory Committee: Dr. Jon A. Epps Although black base construction has gained increasing popularity in recent years, the rising costs of asphalt and asphalt materials have demanded that more...
Schoen, Wayne Ayron
aged material evaluations: Topics by E-print Network
and evaluated its performance when used in split mastic asphalt (SMA) mixture using Marshall Characteristic and dynamic charateristics (resilient modulus). As many as 90...
First Principles Investigations of Americium, Plutonium and their Mixtures using Dynamical Mean Field Theory
We developed a relativistic dynamical mean field approach to study the properties of Plutonium Americium mixtures.
Gabriel Kotliar and Sergej Savrasov
Far-infrared spectra and associated dynamics in acetonitrilewater mixtures measured with femtosecond THz pulse spectroscopy
Far-infrared spectra and associated dynamics in acetonitrilewater mixtures measured-infrared region of the spectrum for mixtures of acetonitrile and water. The mixtures do not behave ideally, and deviate from ideality most noticeably for mixtures that are between 25% and 65% acetonitrile by volume
Vacancy solution theory of adsorption from gas mixtures
The new correlation based on vacancy-solution theory, reports Pennsylvania State University, improves predictions of gas-mixture adsorption equilibria from single-component adsorption isotherm data. The new method is more general, simpler to apply, and more accurate than other available models. For an adsorption system, the binary parameters - adsorbate and vacancy - are obtained from regression of the pure-gas adsorption data with the vacancy-solution isotherm equation. These parameters are then used to predict multicomponent adsorption equilibrium, assuming that the adsorbate-adsorbate interactions are negligible. Penn State has verified the new correlation on two different kinds of binary adsorption systems: mixtures of O/sub 2/, N/sub 2/, and CO on zeolite 10X and mixtures of light hydrocarbons on Nuxit-AL activated carbon.
Suwanayuen, S.; Danner, R.P.
Multiphase carbon and its properties in complex mixtures
We describe some key features of a carbon three-phase equation of state and a high-pressure high temperature mixture model in which it is used. Electronic terms in the carbon model have been investigated with INFERNO (atom in a cell model). The Lindeman criterion for melting is rederived for the anisotropic structure of the graphite lattice. The curvature of the graphite melting line is constrained by the evidence for the positive slope of the diamond melting line. The importance of carbon is apparent from various experiments on shock generated mixtures. The model allows us to estimate the energy of carbon clusters produced in a detonating mixture. A cluster model with specific surface structure is used to predict this energy. 41 refs., 7 figs., 4 tabs.
van Thiel, M.; Ree, F.H.
Chemical kinetic modeling of component mixtures relevant to gasoline
Sterilization of fermentation vessels by ethanol/water mixtures
A method for sterilizing process fermentation vessels with a concentrated alcohol and water mixture integrated in a fuel alcohol or other alcohol production facility. Hot, concentrated alcohol is drawn from a distillation or other purification stage and sprayed into the empty fermentation vessels. This sterilizing alcohol/water mixture should be of a sufficient concentration, preferably higher than 12% alcohol by volume, to be toxic to undesirable microorganisms. Following sterilization, this sterilizing alcohol/water mixture can be recovered back into the same distillation or other purification stage from which it was withdrawn. The process of this invention has its best application in, but is not limited to, batch fermentation processes, wherein the fermentation vessels must be emptied, cleaned, and sterilized following completion of each batch fermentation process.
Wyman, Charles E. (Lakewood, CO)
A method is described for sterilizing process fermentation vessels with a concentrated alcohol and water mixture integrated in a fuel alcohol or other alcohol production facility. Hot, concentrated alcohol is drawn from a distillation or other purification stage and sprayed into the empty fermentation vessels. This sterilizing alcohol/water mixture should be of a sufficient concentration, preferably higher than 12% alcohol by volume, to be toxic to undesirable microorganisms. Following sterilization, this sterilizing alcohol/water mixture can be recovered back into the same distillation or other purification stage from which it was withdrawn. The process of this invention has its best application in, but is not limited to, batch fermentation processes, wherein the fermentation vessels must be emptied, cleaned, and sterilized following completion of each batch fermentation process. 2 figs.
Wyman, C.E.
Inferential determination of various properties of a gas mixture
Methods for inferentially determining various properties of a gas mixture, when the speed of sound in the gas is known at an arbitrary temperature and pressure. The method can be applied to natural gas mixtures, where the known parameters are the sound speed, temperature, pressure, and concentrations of any dilute components of the gas. The method uses a set of reference gases and their calculated density and speed of sound values to estimate the density of the subject gas. Additional calculations can be made to estimate the molecular weight of the subject gas, which can then be used as the basis for heating value calculations. The method may also be applied to inferentially determine density and molecular weight for gas mixtures other than natural gases.
Morrow, Thomas B. (San Antonio, TX); Behring, II, Kendricks A. (Torrance, CA)
Autoignition behavior of lean mixtures: Chemical and thermodynamics effects
Knock characteristics of natural gas (NG), 89 octane unleaded gasoline, 2,2-dimethyl butane (22DMB), and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in stoichiometric and lean fuel-air mixtures were studied in a production 4-cylinder automotive engine. The Intake Temperature at the Knock Limit (ITKL) was different for each fuel but always higher in lean mixtures. Gasoline and 22DMB exhibited much greater increases in ITKL than MTBE and NG at lean conditions. Surprisingly, for lean mixtures 22DMB exhibited higher ITKL than MTBE and was almost as high as NG. Comparison with detailed numerical modelling was very favorable. Computations show that both differences in chemistry and end-gas temperature and pressure histories are responsible for these trends. This behavior is interpreted in terms of the Negative Temperature Coefficient behavior of hydrocarbon oxidation. The implication of these results for the specification of optimal fuels for lean-burn engine is discussed.
Ronney, P.D.; Shoda, M.; Waida, S.T. [Princeton Univ., NJ (United States). Dept. of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; Westbrook, C.K.; Pitz, W.J. [Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (United States)
Determining the Porosity and Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Binary Mixtures
Gravels and coarse sands make up significant portions of some environmentally important sediments, while the hydraulic properties of the sediments are typically obtained in the laboratory using only the fine fraction (e.g., <2 mm or 4.75 mm). Researchers have found that the content of gravel has significant impacts on the hydraulic properties of the bulk soils. Laboratory experiments were conducted to measure the porosity and the saturated hydraulic conductivity of binary mixtures with different fractions of coarse and fine components. We proposed a mixing-coefficient model to estimate the porosity and a power-averaging method to determine the effective particle diameter and further to predict the saturated hydraulic conductivity of binary mixtures. The proposed methods could well estimate the porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity of the binary mixtures for the full range of gravel contents and was successfully applied to two data sets in the literature.
Zhang, Z. F.; Ward, Anderson L.; Keller, Jason M.
Detailed kinetic models of pyrolysis and combustion of hydrocarbon fuels are nowadays widely used in the design of internal combustion engines and these models are effectively applied to help meet the increasingly stringent environmental and energetic standards. In previous studies by the combustion community, such models not only contributed to the understanding of pure component combustion, but also provided a deeper insight into the combustion behavior of complex mixtures. One of the major challenges in this field is now the definition and the development of appropriate surrogate models able to mimic the actual features of real fuels. Real fuels are complex mixtures of thousands of hydrocarbon compounds including linear and branched paraffins, naphthenes, olefins and aromatics. Their behavior can be effectively reproduced by simpler fuel surrogates containing a limited number of components. Aside the most commonly used surrogates containing iso-octane and n-heptane only, the so called Primary Reference Fuels (PRF), new mixtures have recently been suggested to extend the reference components in surrogate mixtures to also include alkenes and aromatics. It is generally agreed that, including representative species for all the main classes of hydrocarbons which can be found in real fuels, it is possible to reproduce very effectively in a wide range of operating conditions not just the auto-ignition propensity of gasoline or Diesel fuels, but also their physical properties and their combustion residuals [1]. In this work, the combustion behavior of several components relevant to gasoline surrogate formulation is computationally examined. The attention is focused on the autoignition of iso-octane, hexene and their mixtures. Some important issues relevant to the experimental and modeling investigation of such fuels are discussed with the help of rapid compression machine data and calculations. Following the model validation, the behavior of mixtures is discussed on the basis of computational results.
Mehl, M; Curran, H J; Pitz, W J; Dooley, S; Westbrook, C K
Wind speed PDF classification using Dirichlet mixtures Rudy CALIF1
Wind speed PDF classification using Dirichlet mixtures Rudy CALIF1 , Richard EMILION2 , Ted'Orléans), UMR CNRS 6628 Université d'Orléans, France. Abstract: Wind energy production is very sensitive to instantaneous wind speed fluctuations. Thus rapid variation of wind speed due to changes in the local
Phase separation of acetonitrile-water mixture in protein purification
Phase separation of acetonitrile-water mixture in protein purification Tingyue Gu, Yesong Gu approximately 6045% ACN with 0.1% TFA. A Waters dual-pumpgradient HPLC system(Millipore Corporation, Bedford, MA-drying. This work shows that a phase separation occurs for ACN-water solutions at -]PC.The top phase contains 88
Gu, Tingyue
CO2-based mixtures as working fluids for geothermal turbines.
Sandia National Laboratories is investigating advanced Brayton cycles using supercritical working fluids for application to a variety of heat sources, including geothermal, solar, fossil, and nuclear power. This work is centered on the supercritical CO{sub 2} (S-CO{sub 2}) power conversion cycle, which has the potential for high efficiency in the temperature range of interest for these heat sources and is very compact-a feature likely to reduce capital costs. One promising approach is the use of CO{sub 2}-based supercritical fluid mixtures. The introduction of additives to CO{sub 2} alters the equation of state and the critical point of the resultant mixture. A series of tests was carried out using Sandia's supercritical fluid compression loop that confirmed the ability of different additives to increase or lower the critical point of CO{sub 2}. Testing also demonstrated that, above the modified critical point, these mixtures can be compressed in a turbocompressor as a single-phase homogenous mixture. Comparisons of experimental data to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties (REFPROP) Standard Reference Database predictions varied depending on the fluid. Although the pressure, density, and temperature (p, {rho}, T) data for all tested fluids matched fairly well to REFPROP in most regions, the critical temperature was often inaccurate. In these cases, outside literature was found to provide further insight and to qualitatively confirm the validity of experimental findings for the present investigation.
Wright, Steven Alan; Conboy, Thomas M.; Ames, David E.
Gas Distribution Modeling using Sparse Gaussian Process Mixture Models
Gas Distribution Modeling using Sparse Gaussian Process Mixture Models Cyrill Stachniss1 Christian-- In this paper, we consider the problem of learning a two dimensional spatial model of a gas distribution with a mobile robot. Building maps that can be used to accurately predict the gas concentration at query
Stachniss, Cyrill
Gettering of hydrogen and methane from a helium gas mixture
In this study, the authors developed an approach for accurately quantifying the helium content in a gas mixture also containing hydrogen and methane using commercially available getters. The authors performed a systematic study to examine how both H{sub 2} and CH{sub 4} can be removed simultaneously from the mixture using two SAES St 172{sup �} getters operating at different temperatures. The remaining He within the gas mixture can then be measured directly using a capacitance manometer. The optimum combination involved operating one getter at 650?�C to decompose the methane, and the second at 110?�C to remove the hydrogen. This approach eliminated the need to reactivate the getters between measurements, thereby enabling multiple measurements to be made within a short time interval, with accuracy better than 1%. The authors anticipate that such an approach will be particularly useful for quantifying the He-3 in mixtures that include tritium, tritiated methane, and helium-3. The presence of tritiated methane, generated by tritium activity, often complicates such measurements.
C�rdenas, Rosa Elia, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Physics, The University of the Incarnate Word, 4301 Broadway, San Antonio, Texas 78209 (United States); Stewart, Kenneth D.; Cowgill, Donald F., E-mail: email@example.com [Sandia National Laboratories, Hydrogen and Metallurgical Sciences, 7011 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550 (United States)
Competitive Mixture of Deformable Models for Pattern Classification \\Lambda
Competitive Mixture of Deformable Models for Pattern Classification \\Lambda KwokWai Cheung Dit to pattern classification. Recently, we have cast a deformable model under a Bayesian framework for classification, giving promising results. However, deformable model methods are computation ally expensive due
Yeung, Dit-Yan
Separation of Azeotropic Mixtures in Closed Batch Distillation Arrangements
Separation of Azeotropic Mixtures in Closed Batch Distillation Arrangements S. Skouras and S to obtain a light and a heavy fraction simultaneously from the top and the bottom of the column, while an intermediate fraction may also be recovered in the middle vessel. Two modifications of the multivessel
Skogestad, Sigurd
Coal liquefaction process using pretreatment with a binary solvent mixture
An improved process for thermal solvent refining or hydroliquefaction of non-anthracitic coal at elevated temperatures under hydrogen pressure in a hydrogen donor solvent comprises pretreating the coal with a binary mixture of an aromatic hydrocarbon and an aliphatic alcohol at a temperature below 300.degree. C. before the hydroliquefaction step. This treatment generally increases both conversion of coal and yields of oil.
Miller, Robert N. (Allentown, PA)
A mixture integer-valued GARCH model Mamadou Lamine DIOP
´en´egal. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Abdou Ka DIONGUE LERSTAD, Universit´e Gaston Berger, Saint Louis, S´en´egal. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract. In this paper, we generalize the mixture integer-valued ARCH
Mixture Modeling and Outlier Detection in Microarray Data Analysis
INTRODUCTION : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1 II MIXTURE MODELING OF THE INTRACLASS CORRE- LATION COEFFICIENT : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 4 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.2 Methods... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 3.4 Simulation Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3.5 ICC Comparisons of Fecal and Mucosa Data . . . . . . . . 25 IV VARIANCE ESTIMATION AND OUTLIER DETECTION METHODOLOGY : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 27 4...
George, Nysia I.
Methods for deacidizing gaseous mixtures by phase enhanced absorption
An improved process for deacidizing a gaseous mixture using phase enhanced gas-liquid absorption is described. The process utilizes a multiphasic absorbent that absorbs an acid gas at increased rate and leads to reduced overall energy costs for the deacidizing operation.
Hu, Liang
Variational Bayes for Hierarchical Mixture Models , James G. Booth
Bayesian inference for graphical models with latent variables (Bishop, 1999; Attias, 2000; Beal, 2003, and their mixtures, for model learning (Bishop, 1999; Ghahramani and Beal, 2000; Bishop et al., 2002; Beal, 2003 methods for Bayesian inference (Beal, 2003; Bishop, 2006; Ormerod and Wand, 2010). Posterior means
Booth, James
Ionic liquids for separation of olefin-paraffin mixtures
The invention is directed to an ionic liquid comprising (i) a cationic portion containing a complex of a silver (I) ion and one or more neutral ligands selected from organoamides, organoamines, olefins, and organonitriles, and (ii) an anionic portion having the chemical formula ##STR00001## wherein m and n are independently 0 or an integer of 1 or above, and p is 0 or 1, provided that when p is 0, the group --N--SO.sub.2--(CF.sub.2).sub.nCF.sub.3 subtended by p is replaced with an oxide atom connected to the shown sulfur atom. The invention is also directed to a method for separating an olefin from an olefin-paraffin mixture by passing the mixture through a layer of the ionic liquid described above.
Dai, Sheng; Luo, Huimin; Huang, Jing-Fang
Electrochemical separation and concentration of hydrogen sulfide from gas mixtures
A method of removing sulfur oxides of H.sub.2 S from high temperature gas mixtures (150.degree.-1000.degree. C.) is the subject of the present invention. An electrochemical cell is employed. The cell is provided with inert electrodes and an electrolyte which will provide anions compatible with the sulfur containing anions formed at the anode. The electrolyte is also selected to provide inert stable cations at the temperatures encountered. The gas mixture is passed by the cathode where the sulfur gases are converted to SO.sub.4 -- or, in the case of H.sub.2 S, to S--. The anions migrate to the anode where they are converted to a stable gaseous form at much greater concentration levels (>10X). Current flow may be effected by utilizing an external source of electrical energy or by passing a reducing gas such as hydrogen past the anode.
Winnick, Jack (Atlanta, GA); Sather, Norman F. (Naperville, IL); Huang, Hann S. (Darian, IL)
Low velocity ion stopping in binary ionic mixtures
Attention is focused on the low ion velocity stopping mechanisms in multicomponent and dense target plasmas built of quasiclassical electron fluids neutralizing binary ionic mixtures, such as, deuterium-tritium of current fusion interest, proton-heliumlike iron in the solar interior or proton-helium ions considered in planetology, as well as other mixtures of fiducial concern in the heavy ion beam production of warm dense matter at Bragg peak conditions. The target plasma is taken in a multicomponent dielectric formulation a la Fried-Conte. The occurrence of projectile ion velocities (so-called critical) for which target electron slowing down equals that of given target ion components is also considered. The corresponding multiquadrature computations, albeit rather heavy, can be monitored analytical through a very compact code operating a PC cluster. Slowing down results are systematically scanned with respect to target temperature and electron density, as well as ion composition.
Tashev, Bekbolat; Baimbetov, Fazylkhan [Department of Physics, Kazakh National University, Tole Bi 96, Almaty 480012 (Kazakhstan); Deutsch, Claude [LPGP (UMR-CNRS 8578), Universite Paris XI, 91405 Orsay (France); Fromy, Patrice [Direction de l'Informatique, Universite Paris XI, 91405 Orsay (France)
An improved process for thermal solvent refining or hydroliquefaction of non-anthracitic coal at elevated temperatures under hydrogen pressure in a hydrogen donor solvent comprises pretreating the coal with a binary mixture of an aromatic hydrocarbon and an aliphatic alcohol at a temperature below 300 C before the hydroliquefaction step. This treatment generally increases both conversion of coal and yields of oil. 1 fig.
Miller, R.N.
Effects of mineral fillers in slurry seal mixtures
rather than a desi~. The current practice among engineers and contractors is to prepare a mixture in ac- cordance with these specifications using local materials. In many cases a mineral filler, usually portland cement, is added to "improve... applied to portland cement concrete pavements to improve the skid resistance and riding qualities of tbe surface. A slurry seal cost does not increase or improve the strength of the pavement structure . The City of Las Vagas, New Mexico, used slurry...
Harper, William Joe
Numerical studies of hypersonic binary gas-mixture flows near a sphere
Numerical studies of hypersonic binary gas-mixture flows near a sphere V.V. Riabov 1 Diffusive] to study the flow. In the present study, diffusive effects in hypersonic flows of binary gas-mixtures near
Riabov, Vladimir V.
Blind source separation of convolutive mixtures of non circular linearly modulated signals with unknown baud
Blind source separation of convolutive mixtures of non circular linearly modulated signals addresses the problem of blind separation of convolutive mix- tures of BPSK and circular linearly modulated theoretical statements. Keywords: Blind source separation, Convolutive mixture, Constant Modulus Algorithm
BLIND IDENTIFICATION OF UNDERDETERMINED MIXTURES BASED ON THE HEXACOVARIANCE AND HIGHER consider the problem of blind identification of un- derdetermined mixtures in a cyclostationary context hexacovariance. Two blind identification algorithms based on the proposed estima- tor are considered
E-Print Network 3.0 - acetonitril-water binary mixture Sample...
acetonitril-water binary mixture Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: acetonitril-water binary mixture Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1...
E-Print Network 3.0 - acetonitrile-water binary mixtures Sample...
acetonitrile-water binary mixtures Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: acetonitrile-water binary mixtures Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1...
Bacterial mutagenicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in reconstituted mixtures and crude coal tar extracts and fractions
factors which assume additive interactions between individual PAHS. The mutagenic interactions of PAH mixtures were investigated using the Salmonellalmicrosome assay. Two groups of samples included PAH mixtures modeling a coal tar and an environmental...
Onufrock, Amy Mildred
Catalytic ignition of fuel/oxygen/nitrogen mixtures over platinum
Ignition of fuel/oxygen/nitrogen mixtures over platinum wire is experimentally studied by using microcalorimetry and by restricting the flow to the low Reynolds number range so that axisymmetry prevails. The fuels studied are propane, butane, propylene, ethylene, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen. Parameters investigated include flow velocity, fuel type and concentration, and oxygen concentration. The catalytic ignition temperatures of the various fuels are accurately determined over extensive ranges of fuel/oxygen/nitrogen concentrations. Results show two distinctly opposite ignition trends depending on the nature of the fuel. That is, the ignition temperature of lean propane/air and butane/air mixtures decreases as their fuel concentration is increased, while the reverse trend is observed for lean mixtures of propylene, ethylene, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen with air. Furthermore, the ignition of propane depends primarily on fuel concentration, while the ignition of carbon monoxide depends on fuel and oxygen concentrations to a comparable extent. These results are explained on the basis of hierarchical surface adsorption strengths of the different reactants in effecting catalytic ignition. Additional phenomena of interest are observed and discussed.
Cho, P.; Law, C.K.
Equilibrium adsorption of multicomponent gas mixtures at elevated pressures
Equilibrium adsorption of H/sub 2/, CO, CH/sub 4/, CO/sub 2/, and H/sub 2/S (single and mixed gases-two to five species) was measured on activated carbon at pressures up to 400 psia. Temperature-dependent parameters, regressed from single-gas data, were applied to four theoretical models which predict adsorption from gas mixtures. Deviations between theory (IAS) and experiment increased with pressure and with the number of components in the mixture. None of the theories employing only single-gas data could consistently predict multicomponent adsorption. It was found that multicomponent adsorption could be predicted from the extended Langmuir equation by including an interaction parameter calculated from only single and binary data. In the application of mixture adsorption theories, it was shown that from the same model significantly different results can be obtained depending on the selection of the independent set, /T, P, X/sub i// or /T, P, Y/sub i//.
Ritter, J.A.; Yang, R.T.
Mach 2 combustion characteristics of hydrogen/hydrocarbon fuel mixtures
The combustion of H/sub 2//CH/sub 4/ and H/sub 2//C/sub 2/H/sub 4/ mixtures containing 10 to 70 vol pct hydrocarbon at combustor inlet Mach number 2 and temperatures 2000 to 4000 R is investigated experimentally, applying direct-connect test hardware and techniques similar to those described by Diskin and Northam (1987) in the facilities of the NASA Langley Hypersonic Propulsion Branch. The experimental setup, procedures, and data-reduction methods are described; and the results are presented in extensive tables and graphs and characterized in detail. Fuel type and mixture are found to have little effect on the wall heating rate measured near the combustor exit, but H/sub 2//C/sub 2/H/sub 4/ is shown to burn much more efficiently than H/sub 2//CH/sub 4/, with no pilot-off blowout equivalence ratios greater than 0.5. It is suggested that H/sub 2//hydrocarbon mixtures are feasible fuels (at least in terms of combustion efficiency) for scramjet SSTO vehicles operating at freestream Mach numbers above 4.
Diskin, G.S.; Jachimowski, C.J.; Northam, G.B.; Bell, R.A.
Ultracold Heteronuclear Mixture of Ground and Excited State Atoms
We report on the realization of an ultracold mixture of lithium atoms in the ground state and ytterbium atoms in the excited metastable 3P2 state. Such a mixture can support broad magnetic Feshbach resonances which may be utilized for the production of ultracold molecules with an electronic spin degree of freedom, as well as novel Efimov trimers. We investigate the interaction properties of the mixture in the presence of an external magnetic field and find an upper limit for the background interspecies two-body inelastic decay coefficient of K'2 < 3e-12 cm^3/s for the 3P2 m_J=-1 substate. We calculate the dynamic polarizabilities of the Yb 3P2 magnetic substates for a range of wavelengths, and find good agreement with our measurements at 1064nm. Our calculations also allow the identification of magic frequencies where Yb ground and metastable states are identically trapped and the determination of the interspecies van der Waals coefficients.
Khramov, Alexander; Dowd, William; Roy, Richard; Makrides, Constantinos; Petrov, Alexander; Kotochigova, Svetlana; Gupta, Subhadeep
Wetting problem for multi-component fluid mixtures
In this paper we propose an extension of the Cahn method to binary mixtures and study the problem of wetting near a two-phase critical point without any assumption on the form of intermolecular potentials. A comparison between Cahn's method and later works by Sullivan, Evans et al is made. By using an expression of the energy of interaction between solid surface and liquids proposed recently by Gouin, we obtain the equations of density profiles and the boundary conditions on a solid surface. In the case of a convex free energy, a one-dimensional solution of a linear problem is proposed for the density profiles between a bulk and on a solid wall. A non-linear model of binary mixtures extending Cahn's results for simple fluids is also studied. For the case of a purely attractive wall we have established a criterion of a first order transition in terms of the structure of the level set of the homogeneous part of the free energy. Additively, explicit expressions of density profiles near the wall are proposed. They allow one to consider the adsorption of mixture components by a solid wall.
Henri Gouin; Sergey Gavrilyuk
Depletion interactions in colloid-polymer mixtures X. Ye, T. Narayanan, and P. Tong*
are directly of interest to industries. Lubricating oils and paint are examples of the colloid-polymer mixtures
Tong, Penger
Investigation of plasma-dust structures in He-Ar gas mixture
The paper reports on the first experiments with plasma-dust formations in dc gas discharge plasma for a He-Ar mixture. It is shown that the choice of light and heavy gases for the mixture suppresses ion heating in electric field under the conventional conditions of experiments and results in a supersonic jet with high Mach numbers. Distribution functions for drifting ions in the gas mixture are calculated for various mixture concentrations, electric field strengths, and gas pressures.
Maiorov, S. A. [A.M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow (Russian Federation); Ramazanov, T. S.; Dzhumagulova, K. N.; Jumabekov, A. N.; Dosbolayev, M. K. [Al Farabi Kazakh National University, IETP, Tole bi 96a, Almaty, 050012 (Kazakhstan)
Process for separating an ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon from a hydrocarbon mixture
A process is described for separating an ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon from a hydrocarbon mixture characterized by: (a) distilling a hydrocarbon mixture containing the unsaturated hydrocarbon with an N-(aminoalkyl) piperazine; and (b) separating the amine/hydrocarbon mixture into at least two factions, one of which contains the amine and the unsaturated hydrocarbon.
vanEijl, A.T.
FILE COPY DO NOT REWMOVE STUDY OF WORKING FLUID MIXTURES AND HIGH TEMPERATURE WORKING FLUIDS is the Step 2 product of the project "Study of working fluid mixtures and high temperature working fluids-ECONOMICAL EVALUATIONS ON COMPRESSION HEAT PUMPS WORKING WITH NONAZEOTROPIC MIXTURES OF FLUIDS 79 6.1 Introduction 79 6
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Mixtures offer potential advantages over pure compounds as working fluids in ocean thermal energy conversion cycles. Power plant capital costs per unit of energy output can be reduced using mixtures because of increased thermal efficiency and/or decreased heat exchanger size requirements. Mixtures
Khan Zafar Iqbal; Kenneth E. Starling
The Importance of Identifying Different Components of a Mixture Distribution in the Prediction of Field Returns
to a given date. The power transformer population consists of a mixture of two different designs, an oldThe Importance of Identifying Different Components of a Mixture Distribution in the Prediction, it is important to identify components of the mixture and do statistical inference based on the stratified data
The McCormack model for gas mixtures: Plane Couette flow R. D. M. Garcia
The McCormack model for gas mixtures: Plane Couette flow R. D. M. Garcia HSH Scientific Computing flow for a binary gas mixture described by the McCormack kinetic model. The solution yields, defined for binary gas mixtures in terms of the McCormack model, for semi-infinite media14 Kramers
Siewert, Charles E.
Spectroscopy and dynamics of mixtures of water with acetone, acetonitrile, and methanol
Spectroscopy and dynamics of mixtures of water with acetone, acetonitrile, and methanol Dean S mixtures of water with acetone, acetonitrile, and methanol over their entire range of compositions have and acetonitrile mixtures. Spatial distribution functions are reported for the acetone/water system. © 2000
Binary and ternary gas mixtures for use in glow discharge closing switches
Highly efficient binary and ternary gas mixtures for use in diffuse glow discharge closing switches are disclosed. The binary mixtures are combinations of helium or neon and selected perfluorides. The ternary mixtures are combinations of helium, neon, or argon, a selected perfluoride, and a small amount of gas that exhibits enhanced ionization characteristics. These mixtures are shown to be the optimum choices for use in diffuse glow discharge closing switches by virtue if the combines physio-electric properties of the mixture components. 9 figs.
Hunter, S.R.; Christophorou, L.G.
Efficient speaker verification using Gaussian mixture model component clustering.
In speaker verification (SV) systems that employ a support vector machine (SVM) classifier to make decisions on a supervector derived from Gaussian mixture model (GMM) component mean vectors, a significant portion of the computational load is involved in the calculation of the a posteriori probability of the feature vectors of the speaker under test with respect to the individual component densities of the universal background model (UBM). Further, the calculation of the sufficient statistics for the weight, mean, and covariance parameters derived from these same feature vectors also contribute a substantial amount of processing load to the SV system. In this paper, we propose a method that utilizes clusters of GMM-UBM mixture component densities in order to reduce the computational load required. In the adaptation step we score the feature vectors against the clusters and calculate the a posteriori probabilities and update the statistics exclusively for mixture components belonging to appropriate clusters. Each cluster is a grouping of multivariate normal distributions and is modeled by a single multivariate distribution. As such, the set of multivariate normal distributions representing the different clusters also form a GMM. This GMM is referred to as a hash GMM which can be considered to a lower resolution representation of the GMM-UBM. The mapping that associates the components of the hash GMM with components of the original GMM-UBM is referred to as a shortlist. This research investigates various methods of clustering the components of the GMM-UBM and forming hash GMMs. Of five different methods that are presented one method, Gaussian mixture reduction as proposed by Runnall's, easily outperformed the other methods. This method of Gaussian reduction iteratively reduces the size of a GMM by successively merging pairs of component densities. Pairs are selected for merger by using a Kullback-Leibler based metric. Using Runnal's method of reduction, we were able to achieve a factor of 2.77 reduction in a posteriori probability calculations with no loss in accuracy when the original UBM consisted of 256 component densities. When clustering was implemented with a 1024 component UBM, we achieved a computation reduction of 5 with no loss in accuracy and a reduction by a factor of 10 with less than 2.4% relative loss in accuracy.
De Leon, Phillip L. (New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM); McClanahan, Richard D.
Plastic flow in polycrystal states in a binary mixture
Using molecular dynamics simulation we examine dynamics in sheared polycrystal states in a binary mixture containing 10% larger particles in two dimensions. We find large stress fluctuations arising from sliding motions of the particles at the grain boundaries, which occur cooperatively to release the elastic energy stored. These dynamic processes are visualized with the aid of a sixfold angle $\\alpha_j(t)$ representing the local crystal orientation and a disorder variable $D_j(t)$ representing a deviation from the hexagonal order for particle $j$.
Toshiyuki Hamanaka; Akira Onuki
A Simple Mixture Theory for ? Newtonian and Generalized Newtonian Constituents
] based on the following notations L(?) = gradv?(x, t) D(?) = 1 2 ( L(?) + L T (?) ) q = ?? ?=1 q? Q = 1 ?m ?? ?=1 ??Q? ? = 1 ?m ?? ?=1 ????(x, t) pi = ?pi1 = pi2 (2.39) 13 In which q is heat flux, Q is heat supply, ? and ?? are entropy densities... of the mixture and the constituents. We begin with the entropy inequality ?m D? Dt + div (q ? ) ? ? Q ? ? 0 (2.40) We have assumed that entropy due to heat flux q? is q? ? where ? is the common temperature of the constituents and the entropy due to heat supply Q?...
Powell, Michael Joseph
Lack of energy equipartition in homogeneous heated binary granular mixtures
We consider the problem of determining the granular temperatures of the components of a homogeneous binary heated mixture of inelastic hard spheres, in the framework of Enskog kinetic theory. Equations are derived for the temperatures of each species and their ratio, which is different from unity, as may be expected since the system is out of equilibrium. We focus on the particular heating mechanism where the inelastic energy loss is compensated by an injection through a random external force (``stochastic thermostat''). The influence of various parameters and their possible experimental relevance is discussed.
A. Barrat; E. Trizac
Solubility, viscosity and density of refrigerant/lubricant mixtures
This report presents results on low refrigerant concentration (70, 80, 90, and 100 weight percent lubricant) mixtures of the following fluids: CFC-12/ISO 32 naphthenic mineral oil; HCFC-22/ISO 32 naphthenic mineral oil; and HFC-134a/ISO 32 pentaerythritol ester mixed acid. These data have been reduced to engineering form and are presented in the form of a Daniel Chart. Scatter diagrams are given for the first fluid listed above, with the intent of illustrating the quality of data as well as providing the rationale for selecting the particular functional forms chosen to represent the experimental data. Equations are given along with statistical measures of goodness of fit.
Henderson, D.R.
Finite-temperature study of Bose-Fermi superfluid mixtures
Ultracold atom experiments offer the unique opportunity to study mixing of different types of superfluid states. Our interest is in superfluid mixtures comprising of particles with different statistics--Bose and Fermi. Such scenarios occur naturally, for example, in dense quantum chromodynamics (QCD) matter. Interestingly, cold atomic experiments are performed in traps with finite spatial extent, thus critically destabilizing the occurrence of various homogeneous phases. Critical to this analysis is the understanding that the trapped system can undergo phase separation, resulting in a unique situation where phase transition in either species (bosons or fermions) can overlap with the phase separation between possible phases. In the present work, we illustrate how this intriguing interplay manifests in an interacting two-species atomic mixture--one bosonic and another fermionic with two spin components--within a realistic trap configuration. We further show that such interplay of transitions can render the nature of the ground state to be highly sensitive to the experimental parameters and the dimensionality of the system.
Ramachandhran, B.; Pu, H. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005 (United States); Bhongale, S. G. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005 (United States); Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, MS 3F3, Fairfax, Virginia 22030 (United States)
Finite Mixture of ARMA-GARCH Model for Stock Price Prediction Him Tang, Kai-Chun Chiu and Lei Xu
Finite Mixture of ARMA-GARCH Model for Stock Price Prediction Him Tang, Kai-Chun Chiu and Lei Xu mixture of autore- gressive generalized autoregressive conditional het- eroscedasticity (AR-GARCH) models to extend the mixture of AR-GARCH model (W.C. Wong, F. Yip and L. Xu, 1998) to the mixture of ARMA- GARCH
Xu, Lei
Method for increasing the rate of compressive strength gain in hardenable mixtures containing fly ash
The present invention relates to concrete, mortar and other hardenable mixtures comprising cement and fly ash for use in construction. The invention provides a method for increasing the rate of strength gain of a hardenable mixture containing fly ash by exposing the fly ash to an aqueous slurry of calcium oxide (lime) prior to its incorporation into the hardenable mixture. The invention further relates to such hardenable mixtures, e.g., concrete and mortar, that contain fly ash pre-reacted with calcium oxide. In particular, the fly ash is added to a slurry of calcium oxide in water, prior to incorporating the fly ash in a hardenable mixture. The hardenable mixture may be concrete or mortar. In a specific embodiment, mortar containing fly ash treated by exposure to an aqueous lime slurry are prepared and tested for compressive strength at early time points. 2 figs.
Liskowitz, J.W.; Wecharatana, M.; Jaturapitakkul, C.; Cerkanowicz, A.E.
The present invention relates to concrete, mortar and other hardenable mixtures comprising cement and fly ash for use in construction. The invention provides a method for increasing the rate of strength gain of a hardenable mixture containing fly ash by exposing the fly ash to an aqueous slurry of calcium oxide (lime) prior to its incorporation into the hardenable mixture. The invention further relates to such hardenable mixtures, e.g., concrete and mortar, that contain fly ash pre-reacted with calcium oxide. In particular, the fly ash is added to a slurry of calcium oxide in water, prior to incorporating the fly ash in a hardenable mixture. The hardenable mixture may be concrete or mortar. In a specific embodiment, mortar containing fly ash treated by exposure to an aqueous lime slurry are prepared and tested for compressive strength at early time points.
Liskowitz, John W. (Belle Mead, NJ); Wecharatana, Methi (Parsippany, NJ); Jaturapitakkul, Chai (Bangkok, TH); Cerkanowicz, deceased, Anthony E. (late of Livingston, NJ)
Coprocessing of Highvale coal with Athabasca bitumen in syngas mixtures
Coprocessing of Alberta subbituminous coal with bitumen is currently under investigation at the Alberta Research Council. The high oxygen content of the coal results in high hydrogen consumption. The present study compares the effectiveness of syngas/water mixtures catalyzed by potassium carbonate for coprocessing Highvale coal with Athabasca bitumen. Single-stage (solubilization) experiments were performed with syngas (5.1 MPa) at 390/sup 0/C in a stirred autoclave. In simulated two-stage experiments, the second (upgrading) stage employed hydrogen (8.5 MPa) at 440/sup 0/C with a potassium molybdate/dimethyl disulphide catalyst. Coal conversion improved from 47 to 78% systematically when the carbon monoxide: hydrogen ratio was varied from 1:3 to 7:1. The additional yield was confined to pyridine extractable material. In simulated two-stage experiments similar coal conversions were observed when using carbon monoxide/water (91%) or hydrogen (88%) in the first stage.
Parker, R.J.; Clark, P.D.; Ignasiak, B.L.; Lee, T.; Ohuchi, T.
Unusual behavior of poly(ethylene-oxide) in aqueous mixtures.
The model system of poly(ethylene-oxide) or PEO, where the changing hydrogen-bond connectivity of the water has large effect on the conformation of the polymer chain, in mixtures of water and acetonitrile, is experimentally studied. The results show the existence of a threshold water content in the system at which the 3d connectivity of the water network begins. Unusual expansion of the polymer chain, an effect larger than that observed in either of the pure solvents, is seen. Upon addition of small amounts of a monovalent salt, binding of ion to polymer takes place in pure acetonitrile solutions. Salt ions begin to co-ordinate with water molecules at the same solvent ratio as the threshold for water network formation. Ions now no longer complex to PEO; instead, hydrogen bonding of water to the polymer strongly dictates conformation in this regime.
Lal, J.; Hakem, I. F.; IPNS
This report presents results for low refrigerant concentration (70, 80, 90 and 100 weight percent lubricant) mixtures of the following fluids: CFC-12/ISO 32 naphthenic mineral oil, HCFC-22/ISO 32 naphthenic mineral oil, CFC-12/ISO 100 naphthenic mineral oil, HFC-134a/ISO 22 pentaerythritol ester mixed acid, HFC-134a/ISO 32 pentaerythritol ester mixed acid [number sign]1, HFC-134a/ISO 68 pentaerythritol ester mixed acid, HFC-134a/ISO 100 pentaerythritol ester mixed acid, HFC-134a/ISO 32 pentaerythritol ester mixed acid [number sign]2, HCFC-123/ISO 32 naphthenic mineral oil, HCFC-123/ISO 100 naphthenic mineral oil, HCFC-123/150 SUS alkylbenzene, HCFC-123/300 SUS alkylbenzene. These data have been reduced to engineering form and are presented in the form of a Daniel Chart. Equations are given along with statistical measures of goodness of fit.
Electrosorption selectivity of ions from mixtures of electrolytes inside nanopores
Grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations are employed to study the selective electrosorption of ions from a mixture of symmetric and asymmetric electrolytes confined in pores and results are compared to experimental observations obtained via cyclic voltammetry and batch electrosorption equilibrium experiments. GCMC simulations have the advantage over other Monte Carlo methods to unambiguously quantify the total number of ions in the pore solution. The exclusion parameter and selectivity factor are used to evaluate the selective capacity of pores toward different ionic species under various conditions. The number of coions inside the pore solution is determined by the proportion of different counterions present in the double-layer region. Because of the competitive effects resulting from asymmetries in charge and size associated with different ions, the electrosorption selectivity of small monovalent over large divalent counterions first decreases with increasing surface charge, passes through a minimum, and then increases with further increase in surface charge. At low and moderate surface charge densities, the fact that large divalent counterions preferentially screen the surface charge has a strong effect on pore occupancy; whereas at a very high surface charge density, size-exclusion effects dominate and determine the accessibility of different ions into the pores. Therefore, electrosorption selectivity of ions from a mixture of electrolytes could, in principle, be achieved via tuning the electrical double-layer formation inside the pores through the regulation of surface charge tailored for different ion characteristics. The findings of this work provide important information relevant to ion selectivity during separation processes and energy storage in supercapacitors.
Hou, Chia-Hung [Georgia Institute of Technology; Taboada Serrano, Patricia L [ORNL; Yiacoumi, Sotira [Georgia Institute of Technology; Tsouris, Costas [ORNL
The Gas Research Institute (GRI) estimates that by the year 2010, 40% or more of U.S. gas supply will be provided by supplements including substitute natural gas (SNG) from coal. These supplements must be cost competitive with other energy sources. The first generation technologies for coal gasification e.g. the Lurgi Pressure Gasification Process and the relatively newer technologies e.g. the KBW (Westinghouse) Ash Agglomerating Fluidized-Bed, U-Gas Ash Agglomerating Fluidized-Bed, British Gas Corporation/Lurgi Slagging Gasifier, Texaco Moving-Bed Gasifier, and Dow and Shell Gasification Processes, have several disadvantages. These disadvantages include high severities of gasification conditions, low methane production, high oxygen consumption, inability to handle caking coals, and unattractive economics. Another problem encountered in catalytic coal gasification is deactivation of hydroxide forms of alkali and alkaline earth metal catalysts by oxides of carbon (CO{sub x}). To seek solutions to these problems, a team consisting of Clark Atlanta University (CAU, a Historically Black College and University, HBCU), the University of Tennessee Space Institute (UTSI) and Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) proposed to identify suitable low melting eutectic salt mixtures for improved coal gasification. The research objectives of this project were to: Identify appropriate eutectic salt mixture catalysts for coal gasification; Assess agglomeration tendency of catalyzed coal; Evaluate various catalyst impregnation techniques to improve initial catalyst dispersion; Determine catalyst dispersion at high carbon conversion levels; Evaluate effects of major process variables (such as temperature, system pressure, etc.) on coal gasification; Evaluate the recovery, regeneration and recycle of the spent catalysts; and Conduct an analysis and modeling of the gasification process to provide better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms and kinetics of the process.
Dr. Yaw D. Yeboah; Dr. Yong Xu; Dr. Atul Sheth; Dr. Pradeep Agrawal
Membrane permeation process for dehydration of organic liquid mixtures using sulfonated ion-exchange polyalkene membranes
A membrane permeation process for dehydrating a mixture of organic liquids, such as alcohols or close boiling, heat sensitive mixtures. The process comprises causing a component of the mixture to selectively sorb into one side of sulfonated ion-exchange polyalkene (e.g., polyethylene) membranes and selectively diffuse or flow therethrough, and then desorbing the component into a gas or liquid phase on the other side of the membranes.
Cabasso, Israel (131 Buckingham Ave., Syracuse, NY 13210); Korngold, Emmanuel (P.O. Box 1025, Beer-Sheva 84110, IL)
Experimental measurements and modeling prediction of flammability limits of binary hydrocarbon mixtures
of methane in air using thermal criterion?????..50 4.8 Determination of LFL of ethylene in air using thermal criterion???...??..51 4.9 Lower flammability limits of methane and n-butane mixtures in air at standard conditions...????????????????????..56 4.14 Upper flammability limits of methane and n-butane mixtures in air at standard conditions?????????????..???????57 4.15 Upper flammability limits of methane and ethylene mixtures in air at standard conditions...
Zhao, Fuman
Methods and compositions for removing carbon dioxide from a gaseous mixture
Provided is a method for adsorbing or separating carbon dioxide from a mixture of gases by passing the gas mixture through a porous three-dimensional polymeric coordination compound having a plurality of layers of two-dimensional arrays of repeating structural units, which results in a lower carbon dioxide content in the gas mixture. Thus, this invention provides useful compositions and methods for removal of greenhouse gases, in particular CO.sub.2, from industrial flue gases or from the atmosphere.
Li, Jing; Wu, Haohan
Laboratory Toxicity and Field Effects of a Complex Mixture: Oil-field Produced Water.
??This dissertation investigated how organisms in the field and the laboratory responded to complex mixtures or combinations of stressors. Organisms are continually exposed to natural� (more)
Fisher, Jonathan C.
Production and delivery of a fluid mixture to an annular volume of a wellbore
The methods described herein generally relate to preparing and delivering a fluid mixture to a confined volume, specifically an annular volume located between two concentrically oriented casing strings within a hydrocarbon fluid producing well. The fluid mixtures disclosed herein are useful in controlling pressure in localized volumes. The fluid mixtures comprise at least one polymerizable monomer and at least one inhibitor. The processes and methods disclosed herein allow the fluid mixture to be stored, shipped and/or injected into localized volumes, for example, an annular volume defined by concentric well casing strings.
Hermes, Robert E. (Los Alamos, NM); Bland, Ronald Gene (Houston, TX); Foley, Ron Lee (Magnolia, TX); Bloys, James B. (Katy, TX); Gonzalez, Manuel E. (Kingwood, NM); Daniel, John M. (Germantown, TN); Robinson, Ian M. (Guisborough, GB); Carpenter, Robert B. (Tomball, TX)
Differential effects of a complex organochlorine mixture on the proliferation of breast cancer cell lines
Organochlorine compounds (OCs) are a group of persistent chemicals that accumulate in fatty tissues with age. Although OCs has been tested individually for their capacity to induce breast cancer cell proliferation, few studies examined the effect of complex mixtures that comprise compounds frequently detected in the serum of women. We constituted such an OC mixture containing 15 different components in environmentally relevant proportions and assessed its proliferative effects in four breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, T47D, CAMA-1, MDAMB231) and in non-cancerous CV-1 cells. We also determined the capacity of the mixture to modulate cell cycle stage of breast cancer cells and to induce estrogenic and antiandrogenic effects using gene reporter assays. We observed that low concentrations of the mixture (100x10{sup 3} and 50x10{sup 3} dilutions) stimulated the proliferation of MCF-7 cells while higher concentrations (10x10{sup 3} and 5x10{sup 3} dilutions) had the opposite effect. In contrast, the mixture inhibited the proliferation of non-hormone-dependent cell lines. The mixture significantly increased the number of MCF-7 cells entering the S phase, an effect that was blocked by the antiestrogen ICI 182,780. Low concentrations of the mixture also caused an increase in CAMA-1 cell proliferation but only in the presence estradiol and dihydrotestosterone (p<0.05 at the 50x10{sup 3} dilution). DDT analogs and polychlorinated biphenyls all had the capacity to stimulate the proliferation of CAMA-1 cells in the presence of sex steroids. Reporter gene assays further revealed that the mixture and several of its constituents (DDT analogs, aldrin, dieldrin, {beta}-hexachlorocyclohexane, toxaphene) induced estrogenic effects, whereas the mixture and several components (DDT analogs, aldrin, dieldrin and PCBs) inhibited the androgen signaling pathway. Our results indicate that the complex OC mixture increases the proliferation of MCF-7 cells due to its estrogenic potential. The proliferative effect of the mixture on CAMA-1 cells in the presence of sex steroids appears mostly due to the antiandrogenic properties of p,p'-DDE, a major constituent of the mixture. Other mixtures of contaminants that include emerging compounds of interest such as brominated flame retardants and perfluoroalkyl compounds should be tested for their capacity to induce breast cancer cell proliferation. - Research highlights: {yields} We studied effects of a complex organochlorine mixture on breast cancer cell growth. {yields} Weak xenoestrogens in the mixture stimulated the proliferation of MCF-7 cells. {yields} Antiandrogens increased the proliferation CAMA-1 cells grown with sex steroids. {yields} High concentrations of the mixture decreased the proliferation of all cell lines.
Aube, Michel, E-mail: email@example.com [Axe de recherche en sante des populations et environnementale, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Quebec and Universite Laval, 2875 Boulevard Laurier, Edifice Delta 2, bureau 600, Quebec, QC, Canada G1V 2M2 (Canada)] [Axe de recherche en sante des populations et environnementale, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Quebec and Universite Laval, 2875 Boulevard Laurier, Edifice Delta 2, bureau 600, Quebec, QC, Canada G1V 2M2 (Canada); Larochelle, Christian, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Axe de recherche en sante des populations et environnementale, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Quebec and Universite Laval, 2875 Boulevard Laurier, Edifice Delta 2, bureau 600, Quebec, QC, Canada G1V 2M2 (Canada)] [Axe de recherche en sante des populations et environnementale, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Quebec and Universite Laval, 2875 Boulevard Laurier, Edifice Delta 2, bureau 600, Quebec, QC, Canada G1V 2M2 (Canada); Ayotte, Pierre, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Axe de recherche en sante des populations et environnementale, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Quebec and Universite Laval, 2875 Boulevard Laurier, Edifice Delta 2, bureau 600, Quebec, QC, Canada G1V 2M2 (Canada) [Axe de recherche en sante des populations et environnementale, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Quebec and Universite Laval, 2875 Boulevard Laurier, Edifice Delta 2, bureau 600, Quebec, QC, Canada G1V 2M2 (Canada); Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Institut national de sante publique du Quebec, 945 avenue Wolfe, Quebec, QC, Canada G1V 5B3 (Canada)
E-Print Network 3.0 - air-gas mixture khitinsoderzhashchie Sample...
for three or more standard gas mixtures ... Source: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Global Ocean Data Analysis Project (GLODAP)...
Well posedness of an isothermal diffusive model for binary mixtures of incompressible fluids
We consider a model describing the behavior of a mixture of two incompressible fluids with the same density in isothermal conditions. The model consists of three balance equations: continuity equation, Navier-Stokes equation for the mean velocity of the mixture, and diffusion equation (Cahn-Hilliard equation). We assume that the chemical potential depends upon the velocity of the mixture in such a way that an increase of the velocity improves the miscibility of the mixture. We examine the thermodynamic consistence of the model which leads to the introduction of an additional constitutive force in the motion equation. Then, we prove existence and uniqueness of the solution of the resulting differential problem.
A. Berti; V. Berti; D. Grandi
Chemical mixtures and interactions with detoxification mechanisms and biomarker responses in fish.
??Several classes of anthropogenic chemicals are present as mixtures in the aquatic environment. However, information of how wildlife species, including fish, are affected by exposures� (more)
Gr�ns, Johanna
Slurried solid media for simultaneous water purification and carbon dioxide removal from gas mixtures
A slurried solid media for simultaneous water purification and carbon dioxide removal from gas mixtures includes the steps of dissolving the gas mixture and carbon dioxide in water providing a gas, carbon dioxide, water mixture; adding a porous solid media to the gas, carbon dioxide, water mixture forming a slurry of gas, carbon dioxide, water, and porous solid media; heating the slurry of gas, carbon dioxide, water, and porous solid media producing steam; and cooling the steam to produce purified water and carbon dioxide.
Aines, Roger D.; Bourcier, William L.; Viani, Brian
Characterisation of polar unresolved complex mixtures in groundwater associated with weathered petroleum.
??Polar unresolved complex mixtures (UCMs) associated with weathered petroleum in groundwater have received little attention in the literature. These compounds can be incorporated in analytical� (more)
Lang, Dale Allan
Extension and replacement of aspalt cement with sulphur
material containing bitumen, sulphur, and mineral matter such as sand, rock, road metal and clinker (41). He recommended preparing the mixture in hot mix plants, and completely filling the voids between aggregate particles with sulphur-asphalt binder... Selection . Aggregate Selection Selection of Asphalt Cement and Sulphur Content 10 13 20 23 23 26 27 28 28 28 33 44 PAGE Selection of Moisture Condition and Compaction Effort . 45 Processing of Sulphur-Asphalt Emulsion (SAE) Binders...
Pickett, Daniel Ernest
Cracking Resistance of Asphalt Rubber Mix Versus
. crack length curve for KR #12;Load vs. CMOD 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Crack mouth opening, mm 0 500 1000 1500 non-linear fracture mechanics �Compliance approach �R-Curve approach #12;Conventional Fatigue Testing factor R-Curve approach Resistance to initiation & growth of cracks Evaluates fracture toughness
Mobasher, Barzin
Asphalt, Concrete, and Turf Maintenance and Preservation
preventive maintenance, pavement distress and identification, and best practices for the maintenance Consultant WSB and Associates, Inc. 763-287-7184 firstname.lastname@example.com #12;2 Preventive Maintenance Preventive maintenance and minor rehab, and is often used to repair environmental damage. Preventive maintenance narrows
Multiscale approach for modeling hot mix asphalt
and is implemented in FE analysis using a user-defined material subroutine (UMAT). A fully implicit algorithm in time-step control is used to enhance the efficiency of the FE analysis. The FE model used in this study simulates experimental data and pavement section....
Dessouky, Samer Hassan
Cool Asphalt Shingles | Department of Energy
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious Rank EERE:YearRound-Up fromDepartmentTieCelebrate EarthEnergy Contractor&3-1Programof
ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION Rheological characterization of asphalt
of asphaltenes dispersed in maltenes (Shen 1996). Asphaltenes comprise the hexane- or heptane-insoluble fraction
Mather, Patrick T.
Microstructural viscoplastic continuum model for asphalt concrete
(1984)?????????.? 18 Sides et al. (1985)????????????????? 19 Desai and Zhang (1987)??????????????.. 19 Sousa et al. (1993)????????????????... 20 Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) Report A-357 (Lytton et al. 1993)????????????????.. 22 Florea... (1994a, 1994b)???????????????. 23 Sousa and Weissman (1994)????????????... 24 Scarpas et al. (1997a)???????????????.. 25 Lu and Wright (1998)???????????????. 27 viii CHAPTER Page Seibi et al. (2001)????????????????? 27 Huang et al. (2002...
Tashman, Laith
are used in cooling the engines in automotive applications. To avoid the two-phase flow in the engine coefficient values over a small circular aluminum heater surface, 9.5-mm in diameter, placed at the bottom-glycol mixtures is in automotive engine cooling. Although this mixture has been used for over several decades
Kandlikar, Satish
Modeling Disease Incidence Data with Spatial and Spatio-Temporal Dirichlet Process Mixtures
Modeling Disease Incidence Data with Spatial and Spatio-Temporal Dirichlet Process Mixtures approaches to analyze such data. We develop a hierarchical specification using spatial random effects modeled. Key words: Areal unit spatial data; Dirichlet process mixture models; Disease mapping; Dy- namic
Wolpert, Robert L
Enhancing Hand Gesture Recognition using Fuzzy Clustering-based Mixture-of-Experts Model
Enhancing Hand Gesture Recognition using Fuzzy Clustering-based Mixture-of-Experts Model Jong cannot distinguish them accurately since they use only single model for recognition. For efficient hand gesture recognition with its enhanced performance, we propose the fuzzy c-means clustering based mixture
Cho, Sung-Bae
Critical Casimir Effect and Wetting by Helium Mixtures T. Ueno,* S. Balibar, T. Mizusaki,
He-4He mixtures against a sapphire window. We have found that this angle is finite and does not tend [14]. We found an exception to it by studying helium mixtures in contact with a sapphire window [5 of the fluctuations of superfluidity, i.e., a critical Casimir effect [711] in the 4 He-rich film between
Caupin, Frédéric
Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Mixture Densities for Binned and Truncated Multivariate
Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Mixture Densities for Binned and Truncated Multivariate Data in data analysis and machine learning. This paper addresses the problem of fitting mixture densities to multivariate binned and truncated data. The EM approach proposed by McLachlan and Jones (1988
Smyth, Padhraic
1 SAFETY OF HYDROGEN/NATURAL GAS MIXTURES BY PIPELINES: ANR FRENCH PROJECT HYDROMEL Hébrard, J.1 linked with Hydrogen/Natural gas mixtures transport by pipeline, the National Institute of Industrial scenario, i.e. how the addition of a quantity of hydrogen in natural gas can increase the potential
The Hamilton principle for fluid binary mixtures with two temperatures Henri Gouin1
The Hamilton principle for fluid binary mixtures with two temperatures Henri Gouin1 and Tommaso, the Hamilton principle of least action is able to produce the equation of motion for each component that the Hamilton principle can afford to obtain the equations of motions for multi- temperature mixtures of fluids
Structure and dynamics of nonaqueous mixtures of dipolar liquids. II. Molecular dynamics simulations
2000 Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to study mixtures of acetone/methanol, acetonitrile/ methanol, and acetone/acetonitrile over their entire composition range. Using the effective pair potentials in these two papers is on the nonaqueous dipolar liquid mixtures of acetone/methanol, acetonitrile
Pattern formation in binary mixture convection in cylindrical three-dimensional cells
present numerical results of pattern selection near the onset of convection for a water-ethanol mixture of the cell is = 11. The onset of convection occurs via a subcritical Hopf bifurcation. Slightly above ratio mixtures, S subcritical and gives rise
Low-Frequency Electrical Properties of Ice-Silicate Mixtures David E. Stillman,*,
Low-Frequency Electrical Properties of Ice-Silicate Mixtures David E. Stillman,*, Robert E. Grimm The low-frequency electrical properties of mixtures of silicates and saline H2O were measured over broad are able to form in proximity to silicate surfaces. Five dielectric relaxations related to H2O were
Stillman, David E.
Electrical properties of saline ices and ice-silicate mixtures: geophysical and astrobiological consequences (Invited)
MR22A-05 Electrical properties of saline ices and ice-silicate mixtures: geophysical) electrical-properties measurements of laboratory- produced saline ice, salt hydrates, and ice-silicate cutoff. In ice-silicate mixtures, brine channels are evident above the eutectic temperature only when
Production of Cellulase on Mixtures of Xylose and Cellulose in a Fed-Batch Process
saccharification to sugars for ethanol production. In the past decade, enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose hasProduction of Cellulase on Mixtures of Xylose and Cellulose in a Fed-Batch Process Ali Mohagheghi was studied in a fed-batch system. An initial mixture of 30 g/L xylose and 20 g/L cellulose
California at Riverside, University of
Two-Phase Flow of Two HFC Refrigerant Mixtures Through Short Tube Orifices, Draft Final Report
The present study presents data for flow of two refrigerant mixtures through short tube orifices. The two mixtures were R3211251134a (23%/25%/52% on a mass percentage basis) and R321125 (50%/50%). The following presents results for the flow...
Payne, W. V.; O'Neal, D. L.
Experimental investigation of burning velocities of ultra-wet methane-air-steam mixtures
Experimental investigation of burning velocities of ultra-wet methane-air-steam mixtures Eric Abstract Global burning velocities of methane-air-steam mixtures are measured on prismatic laminar Bunsen flames and lifted turbulent V-flames for various preheating temperatures, equivalence ratios and steam
BLIND SEPARATION OF FETAL ECG FROM SINGLE MIXTURE USING SVD AND ICA Ping Gao Dept. of firstname.lastname@example.com ABSTRACT In this paper, we propose a novel blind-source separation method to extract fetal ECG from a single-channel signal measured on the abdomen of the mother. The signal is a mixture of the fetal ECG
Chang, Ee-Chien
Flammability of selected heat resistant alloys in oxygen gas mixtures
Within recent years, the use of oxygen has increased in applications where elevated temperatures and corrosion may be significant factors. In such situations, traditional alloys used in oxygen systems will not be adequate. Where alternative alloys must be utilized, based upon environmental requirements, it is essential that they may be characterized with respect to their ignition and combustion resistance in oxygen. Promoted ignition and promoted ignition-combustion are terms which have been used to describe a situation where a substance with low oxygen supports the combustion of a compatibility ignites and more ignition resistant material. In this paper, data will be presented on the promoted ignition-combustion behavior of selected heat resistant engineering alloys that may be considered for gaseous oxygen applications in severe environments. In this investigation, alloys have been evaluated via both flowing and static (fixed volume) approaches using a rod configuration. Oxygen-nitrogen gas mixtures with compositions ranging from approximately 40 to 99.7% oxygen at pressures of 3.55 to 34.6 MPa were used in the comparative studies.
Zawierucha, R.; McIlroy, K.; Million, J.F. [Praxair, Inc., Tonawanda, NY (United States)
Process for the synthesis of aliphatic alcohol-containing mixtures
A process for the synthesis of mixtures which include saturated aliphatic alcohols is disclosed. In the first step of the process, the first catalyst activation stage, a catalyst, which comprises the oxides of copper, zinc, aluminum, potassium and one or two additional metals selected from the group consisting of chromium, magnesium, cerium, cobalt, thorium and lanthanum, is partially activated. In this step, a reducing gas stream, which includes hydrogen and at least one inert gas, flows past the catalyst at a space velocity of up to 5,000 liters (STP) per hour, per kilogram of catalyst. The partially activated catalyst is then subjected to the second step of the process, second-stage catalyst activation. In this step, the catalyst is contacted by an activation gas stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide present in a volume ratio of 0.5:1 and 4:1, respectively, at a temperature of 200 to 450 C and a pressure of between 35 and 200 atmospheres. The activation gas flows at a space velocity of from 1,000 to 20,000 liters (STP) per hour, per kilogram of catalyst. Second-stage activation continues until the catalyst is contacted with at least 500,000 liters (STP) of activation gas per kilogram of catalyst. The fully activated catalyst, in the third step of the process, contacts a synthesis gas stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
Greene, M.I.; Gelbein, A.P.
A process for the synthesis of mixtures which include saturated aliphatic alcohols is disclosed. In the first step of the process, the first catalyst activation stage, a catalyst, which comprises the oxides of copper, zinc, aluminum, potassium and one or two additional metals selected from the group consisting of chromium, magnesium, cerium, cobalt, thorium and lanthanum, is partially activated. In this step, a reducing gas stream, which includes hydrogen and at least one inert gas, flows past the catalyst at a space velocity of up to 5,000 liters (STP) per hour, per kilogram of catalyst. The partially activated catalyst is then subjected to the second step of the process, second-stage catalyst activation. In this step, the catalyst is contacted by an activation gas stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide present in a volume ratio of 0.5:1 and 4:1, respectively, at a temperature of 200.degree. to 450.degree. C. and a pressure of between 35 and 200 atmospheres. The activation gas flows at a space velocity of from 1,000 to 20,000 liters (STP) per hour, per kilogram of catalyst. Second-stage activation continues until the catalyst is contacted with at least 500,000 liters (STP) of activation gas per kilogram of catalyst. The fully activated catalyst, in the third step of the process, contacts a synthesis gas stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
Greene, Marvin I. (Oradell, NJ); Gelbein, Abraham P. (Morristown, NJ)
Physical and mechanical properties of bituminous mixtures containing oil shales
Rutting of bituminous surfaces on the Jordanian highways is a recurring problem. Highway authorities are exploring the use of extracted shale oil and oil shale fillers, which are abundant in Jordan. The main objectives of this research are to investigate the rheological properties of shale oil binders (conventional binder with various percentages of shale oil), in comparison with a conventional binder, and to investigate the ability of mixes to resist deformation. The latter is done by considering three wearing course mixes containing three different samples of oil shale fillers--which contained three different oil percentages--together with a standard mixture containing limestone filler. The Marshall design method and the immersion wheel tracking machine were adopted. It was concluded that the shale oil binders displayed inconsistent physical properties and therefore should be treated before being used. The oil shale fillers have provided mixes with higher ability to resist deformation than the standard mix, as measured by the Marshall quotients and the wheel tracking machine. The higher the percentages of oil in the oil shale fillers, the lower the ability of the mixes to resist deformation.
Katamine, N.M.
Method and compositions for the degradation of tributyl phosphate in chemical waste mixtures
A method and process are disclosed for the degradation of tributyl phosphate in an organic waste mixture and a biologically pure, novel bacteria culture for accomplishing the same. A newly-discovered bacteria (a strain of Acinetobacter sp. ATCC 55587) is provided which is combined in a reactor vessel with a liquid waste mixture containing tributyl phosphate and one or more organic waste compounds capable of functioning as growth substrates for the bacteria. The bacteria is thereafter allowed to incubate within the waste mixture. As a result, the tributyl phosphate and organic compounds within the waste mixture are metabolized (degraded) by the bacteria, thereby eliminating such materials which are environmentally hazardous. In addition, the bacteria is capable of degrading waste mixtures containing high quantities of tributyl phosphate (e.g. up to about 1.0% by weight tributyl phosphate). 6 figs.
Stoner, D.L.; Tien, A.J.
Flame Propagation of Butanol Isomers/Air Mixtures
An experimental and computational study was conducted on the propagation of flames of saturated butanol isomers. The experiments were performed in the counterflow configuration under atmospheric pressure, unburned mixture temperature of 343 K, and for a wide range of equivalence ratios. The experiments were simulated using a recent kinetic model for the four isomers of butanol. Results indicate that n-butanol/air flames propagate somewhat faster than both sec-butanol/air and iso-butanol/air flames, and that tert-butanol/air flames propagate notably slower compared to the other three isomers. Reaction path analysis of tert-butanol/air flames revealed that iso-butene is a major intermediate, which subsequently reacts to form the resonantly stable iso-butenyl radical retarding thus the overall reactivity of tert-butanol/air flames relatively to the other three isomers. Through sensitivity analysis, it was determined that the mass burning rates of sec-butanol/air and iso-butanol/air flames are sensitive largely to hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and C{sub 1}�C{sub 2} hydrocarbon kinetics and not to fuel-specific reactions similarly to n-butanol/air flames. However, for tert-butanol/air flames notable sensitivity to fuel-specific reactions exists. While the numerical results predicted closely the experimental data for n-butanol/air and sec-butanol/air flames, they overpredicted and underpredicted the laminar flame speeds for iso-butanol/air and tert-butanol/air flames respectively. It was demonstrated further that the underprediction of the laminar flame speeds of tert-butanol/air flames by the model was most likely due to deficiencies of the C{sub 4}-alkene kinetics.
Veloo, Peter S.; Egolfopoulos, Fokion N.
Method of separating short half-life radionuclides from a mixture of radionuclides
The present invention is a method of removing an impurity of plutonium, lead or a combination thereof from a mixture of radionuclides that contains the impurity and at least one parent radionuclide. The method has the steps of (a) insuring that the mixture is a hydrochloric acid mixture; (b) oxidizing the acidic mixture and specifically oxidizing the impurity to its highest oxidation state; and (c) passing the oxidized mixture through a chloride form anion exchange column whereupon the oxidized impurity absorbs to the chloride form anion exchange column and the {sup 229}Th or {sup 227}Ac ``cow`` radionuclide passes through the chloride form anion exchange column. The plutonium is removed for the purpose of obtaining other alpha emitting radionuclides in a highly purified form suitable for medical therapy. In addition to plutonium, lead, iron, cobalt, copper, uranium, and other metallic cations that form chloride anionic complexes that may be present in the mixture are removed from the mixture on the chloride form anion exchange column. 8 figs.
Bray, L.A.; Ryan, J.L.
Measurement of nitrogen content in a gas mixture by transforming the nitrogen into a substance detectable with nondispersive infrared detection
A method of determining the amount of nitrogen in a gas mixture. The constituent gases of the mixture are dissociated and transformed to create a substance that may measured using nondispersive infrared adsorption techniques.
Owen, Thomas E. (Helotes, TX); Miller, Michael A. (San Antonio, TX)
Road Materials and Pavement Design, 2013 Vol. 14, No. S2, 5778, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2013.812838
. Unlike PCC and other infrastructure materials, asphalt concrete is generally able to undergo thermal are able to relax stress over time. In addition, asphalt is generally a fracture- resistant material, owing fracture resistance. Poor mixture fracture resistance can lead to the development of thermal cracks, which
Permeable Pavements, Green Roofs, and Cisterns
, and water harvesting through them, such as asphalt and con- systems or cisterns. This new fact sheet crete and improve the water quality of runoff from new residential and commercial developments by using stormwater including the use of permeable pave- (sufaces that do not allow water to filter ments, green roofs
Hunt, William F.
In vitro - in vivo correlations for endocrine activity of a mixture of currently used pesticides
Two pesticide mixtures were investigated for potential endocrine activity. Mix 3 consisted of bitertanol, propiconazole, and cypermethrin, and Mix 5 included malathion and terbuthylazine in addition to the three pesticides in Mix 3. All five single pesticides and the two mixtures were investigated for their ability to affect steroidogenesis in vitro in H295R cells. The pesticides alone and both mixtures affected steroidogenesis with both mixtures causing increase in progesterone and decrease in testosterone. For Mix 5 an increase in estradiol was seen as well, indicating increased aromatase activity. The two mixtures were also investigated in pregnant rats dosed from gestational day 7 to 21, followed by examination of dams and fetuses. Decreased estradiol and reduced placental testosterone were seen in dams exposed to Mix 5. Also a significant increase in aromatase mRNA-levels in female adrenal glands was found for Mix5. However, either of the two mixtures showed any effects on fetal hormone levels in plasma or testis, or on anogenital distance. Overall, potential aromatase induction was found for Mix 5 both in vitro and in vivo, but not for Mix 3, an effect likely owed to terbuthylazine in Mix 5. However, the hormonal responses in vitro were only partly reflected in vivo, probably due to some toxicokinetic issues, as the pesticide levels in the amniotic fluid also were found to be negatively affected by the number of compounds present in the mixtures. Nonetheless, the H295R assay gives hints on conceivable interference with steroidogenesis, thus generating hypotheses on in vivo effects. - Highlights: � The study examines the endocrine disrupting potential of mixtures of pesticides. � All single pesticides and both mixtures affected steroidogenesis in vitro. � Potential aromatase induction was found for Mix 5 both in vitro and in vivo. � The hormonal responses in vitro were only partly reflected in vivo.
Taxvig, Camilla, E-mail: email@example.com [Division of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, M�rkh�j Bygade 19, DK-2860 S�borg (Denmark); Hadrup, Niels; Boberg, Julie; Axelstad, Marta [Division of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, M�rkh�j Bygade 19, DK-2860 S�borg (Denmark); Bossi, Rossana [Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, DK-4000 Roskilde (Denmark); Bonefeld-J�rgensen, Eva Cecilie [Department of Public Health, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C (Denmark); Vinggaard, Anne Marie [Division of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, M�rkh�j Bygade 19, DK-2860 S�borg (Denmark)
Separation of a target substance from a fluid or mixture using encapsulated sorbents
Method and apparatus for separating a target substance from a fluid or mixture. Capsules having a coating and stripping solvents encapsulated in the capsules are provided. The coating is permeable to the target substance. The capsules having a coating and stripping solvents encapsulated in the capsules are exposed to the fluid or mixture. The target substance migrates through the coating and is taken up by the stripping solvents. The target substance is separated from the fluid or mixture by driving off the target substance from the capsules.
Aines, Roger D; Spadaccini, Christopher M; Stolaroff, Joshuah K; Bourcier, William L; Lewis, Jennifer A; Duoss, Eric B; Vericella, John J
High-temperature sorbent method for removal of sulfur containing gases from gaseous mixtures
A copper oxide-zinc oxide mixture is used as a sorbent for removing hydrogen sulfide and other sulfur containing gases at high temperatures from a gaseous fuel mixture. This high-temperature sorbent is especially useful for preparing fuel gases for high temperature fuel cells. The copper oxide is initially reduced in a preconditioning step to elemental copper and is present in a highly dispersed state throughout the zinc oxide which serves as a support as well as adding to the sulfur sorption capacity. The spent sorbent is regenerated by high-temperature treatment with an air fuel, air steam mixture followed by hydrogen reduction to remove and recover the sulfur.
Young, John E. (Woodridge, IL); Jalan, Vinod M. (Concord, MA)
High-temperature sorbent method for removal of sulfur-containing gases from gaseous mixtures
A copper oxide-zinc oxide mixture is used as a sorbent for removing hydrogen sulfide and other sulfur containing gases at high temperatures from a gaseous fuel mixture. This high-temperature sorbent is especially useful for preparing fuel gases for high temperature fuel cells. The copper oxide is initially reduced in a preconditioning step to elemental copper and is present in a highly dispersed state throughout the zinc oxide which serves as a support as well as adding to the sulfur sorbtion capacity. The spent sorbent is regenerated by high-temperature treatment with an air fuel, air steam mixture followed by hydrogen reduction to remove and recover the sulfur.
Young, J.E.; Jalan, V.M.
Electrical Properties of SandClay Mixtures Containing Trichloroethylene and Ethanol Jeffery J. Roberts and Dorthe Wildenschild*
Electrical Properties of SandClay Mixtures Containing Trichloroethylene and Ethanol Jeffery J, and as an ethanolwater mixture (80:20) was flowed through the sample. Resistivity increased by about a factor of 4 as the ethanol mixture replaced the water solution. Nondestructive x-ray imaging of the sample at various stages
Wildenschild, Dorthe
The measurement of solubility and viscosity of oil/refrigerant mixtures; At high pressures and temperatures test facility and initial results for R-22/naphthenic oil mixtures
The design and construction of a test facility for measuring the solubility and viscosity of lubricating oil/refrigerant mixtures at high pressures and temperatures are described. An auxiliary charging system, developed to provide precisely measured quantities of oil and refrigerant to the test facility, is also presented. Initial results for liquid mixtures of 10% to 40% R-22 (by mass) in a 150 SUS naphthenic oil are reported over the temperature range 70 {degrees} F (20{degrees}C) to 300 {degrees} F(150 {degrees}C). Good agreement with existing data from the open literature is obtained over the limited temperature range for which previously published data are available.
Van Gaalen, N.A.; Zoz, S.C.; Pate, M.B. (Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (US))
Paving the path for next-generation nuclear energy | Department...
heat that could be used for industrial processes such as seawater desalination or plastics production. Today, China has begun construction of a prototype Generation-IV reactor,...
The Road to Farming Software is Paved with Good Intentions
, the aggregation software, and GPS service contract (a cost starting at $12,000). Farmers must renew their service contract every five years, to have continued access to the GPS satellites. FarmMap was first released
Easterbrook, Steve
Department of Energy Paves Way for Additional Clean Energy Projects...
manufacturing sector, which is part of the Administration's long-term plan to create new green energy jobs. The solicitation will seek applications for projects that manufacture...
Paving the way for low-carbon development strategies
in developing coun- tries. Several developing countries have taken the initiative to embark on the process in place and aligned. Moreover, governments can use an LCDS to increase awareness on climate change to international climate change community. Signalling national emissions and expected impacts #12;of climate change
HIV immunity study could pave way for vaccine development
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsruc DocumentationP-SeriesFlickr FlickrGuided Self-Assembly of GoldHAWCHIGS flux performanceHIV
NERSC's Science Gateways Pave Way for 'Team Science'
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsrucLas Conchas recovery challengeMultiscaleLogos NERSC Logos NERSCWins HPCWire Editors'
New Technology Paves Way for Highly Sensitive Photodetectors with
Office of Science (SC) Website
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as fallback supernovae, macronovae, Type Ia supernovae or the orphan afterglows of gamma-ray bursts. In fact, DeepSky was instrumental in the 2011 discovery of the closest...
Technological Advancements Paving the Way for Geothermal Growth |
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Metal Oxide Semiconductor Nanoparticles Pave the Way for Medical Innovation
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Bound Neutrons Pave Way to Free Ones | Jefferson Lab
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AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsrucLas ConchasPassive Solar Home Design Passive Solar Home Design June 24,F. BecherPaulV.
Use of metal/uranium mixtures to explore data uncertainties
A table of k{sub {infinity}} values for three homogenized metal/{sup 235}U systems calculated using both MCNP and the SCALE code system was presented in Ref. 3. The homogenized metal/{sup 235} U ratios were selected such that the MCNP analyses for each mixture provided k{sub {infinity}} {approx_equal} 1.0. The metals considered were Al, Zr, and Fe. These simplified systems were created in an effort to ease an investigation of discrepant results obtained using MCNP and SCALE to analyze large, dry systems of metal-clad, highly enriched fuel assemblies. Reference 3 has received considerable attention at ORNL and elsewhere because the reported k{sub {infinity}} values varied by as much as 38% between the MCNP results and those of SCALE. The ORNL approach was to analyze the systems using a broad range of codes and data and to seek an understanding of the discrepancies by studying differences in the basic data and processing methods. The continuous-energy codes and data applied in the ORNL study were (1) MCNP, using ENDF/B-V, ENDF/B-VI, and LANL data evaluations, (2) VIM, using ENDF/B-V data, and (3) MONK, using a 8,200-point library based on UKNDL evaluations and a preliminary JEF library. The VIM code provides treatment of unresolved resonances; MCNP does not. The MONK analyses provided a result using both an independent code and independent data evaluations. Although accessing continuous-energy data typically requires the use of Monte Carlo codes, 1-D deterministic codes can be used to accurately calculate K{sub {infinity}} values using a variety of multigroup data libraries and processing methods. The multigroup codes used in the study were MC and the CSAS1X sequence of the SCALE system. Both systems provide problem-dependent resonance processing of cross-section data and available fine-group libraries were used for the analyses. Broad-group libraries were not studied in any depth because there were non-readily available for intermediate-energy systems.
Parks, C.V.; Jordan, W.C.; Petrie, L.M.; Wright, R.Q.
Hydrogen production from the reaction of solvated electrons with benzene in water-ammonia mixtures
Product analysis data for the reaction of the ammoniated electron with benzene-water mixtures in liquid ammonia show that the dominant product is evolved hydrogen and not 1,4-cyclohexadiene.
Dewald, R.R.; Jones, S.R.; Schwartz, B.S.
Identification of an average temperature and a dynamical pressure in a multitemperature mixture of fluids
Identification of an average temperature and a dynamical pressure in a multitemperature mixture pressure even if the fluids have a zero bulk viscosity. The nonequilib- rium dynamical pressure can
Gas adsorption and gas mixture separations using mixed-ligand MOF material
A method of separating a mixture of carbon dioxiode and hydrocarbon gas using a mixed-ligand, metal-organic framework (MOF) material having metal ions coordinated to carboxylate ligands and pyridyl ligands.
Hupp, Joseph T. (Northfield, IL); Mulfort, Karen L. (Chicago, IL); Snurr, Randall Q. (Evanston, IL); Bae, Youn-Sang (Evanston, IL)
Kinetic Modeling of Gasoline Surrogate Components and Mixtures under Engine Conditions
Real fuels are complex mixtures of thousands of hydrocarbon compounds including linear and branched paraffins, naphthenes, olefins and aromatics. It is generally agreed that their behavior can be effectively reproduced by simpler fuel surrogates containing a limited number of components. In this work, an improved version of the kinetic model by the authors is used to analyze the combustion behavior of several components relevant to gasoline surrogate formulation. Particular attention is devoted to linear and branched saturated hydrocarbons (PRF mixtures), olefins (1-hexene) and aromatics (toluene). Model predictions for pure components, binary mixtures and multicomponent gasoline surrogates are compared with recent experimental information collected in rapid compression machine, shock tube and jet stirred reactors covering a wide range of conditions pertinent to internal combustion engines (3-50 atm, 650-1200K, stoichiometric fuel/air mixtures). Simulation results are discussed focusing attention on the mixing effects of the fuel components.
Mehl, M; Pitz, W J; Westbrook, C K; Curran, H J
Adsorption and desorption of binary mixtures of volatile organic contaminants on soil
, the potential theory and the ideal adsorbed solution theory for mixture adsorption were also evaluated for prediction of the experimental results for binary adsorption. All models failed for prediction of the BET type III isotherms when methanol was present...
Guo, Yang
Calculation of the entropy of binary hard sphere mixtures from pair correlation functions
We evaluate the entropy of several binary hard sphere fluid mixtures using two approximate expressions that require as input only the pair correlation functions,g ??(r). An approximation based on the incompressible limit ...
Laird, Brian Bostian; Haymet, A. D. J.
BEC Mixture in a Double well: Two species that may or may not get along
Balakrishnan, Institute of Mathematical Sciences: India Philip Naudus: GMU Indu Satija, George Mason, NIST Mark-BEC mixtures Coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations: Interaction Parameters t iggV m a aaabaaa a = +++- h h
Satija, Indu
one was tested, all reaction mixtures were supple-mented with an appropriate amount of ethanol
one was tested, all reaction mixtures were supple- mented with an appropriate amount of ethanol (5% v/v), because the menadione was dissolved in ethanol as a stock solution. The reaction was ini
Moorcroft, Paul R.
E-Print Network 3.0 - ar gas mixture Sample Search Results
Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: ar gas mixture Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 A redetermination of the isotopic abundances of...
Waste containers may contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs), methane, hydrogen and possibly propane. These constituents may occur individually or in mixtures. Determining if a waste container contains a flammable concentration of flammable gases and vapors (from VOCs) is important to the safety of the handling, repackaging and shipping activities. This report provides the basis for determining the flammability of mixtures of flammable gases and vapors. The concentration of a mixture that is at the lowest flammability limit for that mixture is called the action concentration. The action concentration can be determined using total VOC concentrations or actual concentration of each individual VOC. The concentrations of hydrogen and methane are included with the total VOC or individual VOC concentration to determine the action concentration. Concentrations below this point are not flammable. Waste containers with gas/vapor concentrations at or above the action concentration are considered flammable.
Characterization of zirconia- and niobia-silica mixture coatings produced by ion-beam sputtering
ZrO{sub 2}-SiO{sub 2} and Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5}-SiO{sub 2} mixture coatings as well as those of pure zirconia (ZrO{sub 2}), niobia (Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5}), and silica (SiO{sub 2}) deposited by ion-beam sputtering were investigated. Refractive-index dispersions, bandgaps, and volumetric fractions of materials in mixed coatings were analyzed from spectrophotometric data. Optical scattering, surface roughness, nanostructure, and optical resistance were also studied. Zirconia-silica mixtures experience the transition from crystalline to amorphous phase by increasing the content of SiO{sub 2}. This also results in reduced surface roughness. All niobia and silica coatings and their mixtures were amorphous. The obtained laser-induced damage thresholds in the subpicosecond range also correlates with respect to the silica content in both zirconia- and niobia-silica mixtures.
Melninkaitis, Andrius; Tolenis, Tomas; Mazule, Lina; Mirauskas, Julius; Sirutkaitis, Valdas; Mangote, Benoit; Fu Xinghai; Zerrad, Myriam; Gallais, Laurent; Commandre, Mireille; Kicas, Simonas; Drazdys, Ramutis
Structure and dynamics of nonaqueous mixtures of dipolar liquids. I. Infrared and far-infrared spectroscopy
; accepted 24 May 2000 Mixtures of acetone/methanol, acetonitrile/methanol, and acetone/acetonitrile over are acetone/methanol, acetonitrile/methanol, and acetone/acetonitrile. These three systems allow us to com
Physical properties of various soil mixtures used for golf green construction
amendments in soil mixtures for golf greens and concluded that peat moss seemed to be the most desirable amendment. Davis et al. (5) evaluated sands and amendments used for heavily traf- ficked turfgrass areas. Their findings indicated that ammoniated...) which was ground into pieces small enough to pass through a 2-mesh sieve, and R 6) Polyloam (PL), an artificial soil amendment. The organic amendments were: 1) peat moss (PM), and 2) ammoniated rice hulls (RH) Fourteen soil mixtures werc prepared...
Johns, Don
The effects of compaction of different golf green soil mixtures on plant growth
growth, removed prior Co compaction treatments, from mixtures of different sand- clay soll-peat rstlosoeoooeoo ~ ~ aeoaoae ~ o oo ~ o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 7e An average of 2 clipping yields of top growth, removed after Che compaction and during...-clay soil-peat rs'tlos ~ a ~ eaoaoaeooaeeaa ~ o ~ aeea e ~ o ~ eaeoao ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ a ~ aooo 28 9e Differential effects of the different sand-clay soll-peat ratios of 5 particle size mixtures on yields of 2 clip plugs following Che compaction...
Kunze, Raymond John
The determination of compressibility factors of gaseous butane-nitrogen mixtures in the gas phase
THE DETERMINATION OF COMPRESSIBILITY FACTORS OF GASEOUS BUTANE-NITROGEN MIXTURES IN THE GAS PHASE A D issertation By Robert Buckner Evans, III Approved as to style and content by: (Chairman of Committee) (Head of^ 'ent Advisor) June 1955... ?-; i'i i ; A R y ? 'A 'Gi- Or- T EX AS THE DETERMINATION OF COMHIESSIBILITI FACTORS OF GASEOUS BUTANE-NITROGEN MIXTURES IN THE GAS PHASE A D issertation By ROBERT BUCKNER EVANS, III Submitted' to the Graduate School of the Agricultural...
Evans, Robert Buckner
Flume experiments on sediment mixtures from the offshore dredged material disposal site, Galveston Texas
FLUME EXP RIMENTS ON SED IliENT MIXTURES FROM 1'HE OFFSHORE DREDGED MATERIAL DISPOSAL SITE, GALVESTON, TEXAS A Thesis by ANTHONX JOSEPH MOHEREK Submitted t. o th' Graduate Co1lege of Iexas Atli University in partial Fulfillment... of the requirement for tht degree of MASTER OF SC:ENCE August 1977 Major Sub. :e . t: Oceanograghy FLUME EXPERIMENTS ON SEDIMENT MIXTURES FROM THE OFFSHORE DREDGED MATERIAL DISPOSAL SITE, GALVESTON, TEXAS A Thesis by ANTHONY JOSEPH MOHEREK Approved...
Moherek, Anthony Joseph
Isochoric measurements of an equimolar mixture of carbon dioxide and ethane
) . ~-~YC K. N. Marsh (Member) R. C. Wilhoit (Member) R. W. Flumerfelt (Head of Department) May 1992 ABSTRACT Isochoric Measurements of an Equimolar Mixture of Carbon Dioxide-Ethane. (May 1992} Michael William Kidd B. S. , Clemson University... obtained from Burnett and pycnometer measurements to provide experimental information about PVT behavior, vapor pressures and the phase boundaries of the mixture. The PVT measurements are used to calculate residual energies and entropies at five...
Kidd, Michael William
Low energy consumption method for separating gaseous mixtures and in particular for medium purity oxygen production
A method for the separation of gaseous mixtures such as air and for producing medium purity oxygen, comprising compressing the gaseous mixture in a first compressor to about 3.9-4.1 atmospheres pressure, passing said compressed gaseous mixture in heat exchange relationship with sub-ambient temperature gaseous nitrogen, dividing the cooled, pressurized gaseous mixture into first and second streams, introducing the first stream into the high pressure chamber of a double rectification column, separating the gaseous mixture in the rectification column into a liquid oxygen-enriched stream and a gaseous nitrogen stream and supplying the gaseous nitrogen stream for cooling the compressed gaseous mixture, removing the liquid oxygen-enriched stream from the low pressure chamber of the rectification column and pumping the liquid, oxygen-enriched steam to a predetermined pressure, cooling the second stream, condensing the cooled second stream and evaporating the oxygen-enriched stream in an evaporator-condenser, delivering the condensed second stream to the high pressure chamber of the rectification column, and heating the oxygen-enriched stream and blending the oxygen-enriched stream with a compressed blend-air stream to the desired oxygen concentration.
Jujasz, Albert J. (North Olmsted, OH); Burkhart, James A. (Olmsted Falls, OH); Greenberg, Ralph (New York, NY)
Effect of silane concentration on the supersonic combustion of a silane/methane mixture
A series of direct connect combustor tests was conducted to determine the effect of silane concentration on the supersonic combustion characteristics of silane/methane mixtures. Shock tube ignition delay data indicated more than an order of magnitude reduction in ignition delay times for both 10 and 20 percent silane/methane mixtures as compared to methane. The ignition delay time of the 10 percent mixture was only a factor of 2.3 greater than that of the 20 percent mixture. Supersonic combustion tests were conducted with the fuel injected into a model scramjet combustor. The combustor was mounted at the exit of a Mach 2 nozzle and a hydrogen fired heater was used to provide a variation in test gas total temperature. Tests using the 20 percent silane/methane mixture indicated considerable combustion enhancement when compared to methane alone. This mixture had an autoignition total temperature of 1650 R. The addition of 20 percent silane to methane resulted in a pyrophoric fuel with good supersonic combustion performance. Reducing the silane concentration below this level, however, yielded a less pyrophoric fuel that exhibited poor supersonic combustion performance.
Northam, G.B.; Mc Lain, A.G.; Pellett, G.L.; Diskin, G.S.
Induction of CYP 1A enzyme activity and genotoxicity from ternary mixtures of produced water relvant compounds, evaluated by in vitro methods.
??Produced water is a complex mixture discharged to sea in high volumes containing compounds at low concentrations. Compounds in mixtures can modify each other?s expected� (more)
St�rdal, Ingvild Fladvad
Evaluation of the Nephrotoxicity of Complex Mixtures Containing Organics and Metals: Advantages and Disadvantages of the Use of Real-world Complex Mixtures
As part of a multidisciplinary health effects study, the nephrotoxicity of complex industrial waste mixtures was assessed. Adult, male Fischer 344 rats were gavaged with samples of complex industrial waste and nephrotoxicity evaluated 24 hr later. Of the 10 tested samples, 4 produced increased absolute or relative kidney weight, or both, coupled with a statistically significant alteration in at least one of the measured serum parameters (urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CREAT), and BUN/CREAT ratio). Although the waste samples had been analyzed for a number of organic chemicals and 7 of the 10 samples were analyzed also for 12 elemental metals and metalloids, their nephrotoxicity was not readily predicted from the partial chemical characterization data. Because the chemical form or speciation of the metals was unknown, it was not possible to estimate their contribution to the observed biological response. Various experimental approaches, including use of real-world complex mixtures, chemically defined synthetic mixtures, and simple mixtures, will be necessary to adequately determine the potential human health risk from exposure to complex
Jane Ellen Simmons; Raymond S. H. Yang; Ezra Berman
Cleaning up the Streets of Denver
Between 1913 and 1924, several Denver area facilities extracted radium from carnotite ore mined from the Paradox basin region of Colorado. Tailings or abandoned ores from these facilities were apparently incorporated into asphalt used to pave approximately 7.2 kilometers (4.5 miles) of streets in Denver. A majority of the streets are located in residential areas. The radionuclides are bound within the asphalt matrix and pose minimal risk unless they are disturbed. The City and County of Denver (CCoD) is responsible for controlling repairs and maintenance on these impacted streets. Since 2002, the CCoD has embarked on a significant capital improvement project to remove the impacted asphalt for secure disposal followed by street reconstruction. To date, Parsons has removed approximately 55 percent of the impacted asphalt. This paper discusses the history of the Denver Radium Streets and summarizes on-going project efforts. (authors)
Stegen, R.L.; Wood, T.R.; Hackett, J.R. [Parsons, 1700 Broadway, Suite 900, Denver, Colorado 80290 (United States); Sogue, A. [City and County of Denver, 201 West Colfax, Denver, Colorado 80202 (United States)
Gas-liquid-liquid equilibria in mixtures of water, light gases, and hydrocarbons
Phase equilibrium in mixtures of water + light gases and water + heavy hydrocarbons has been investigated with the development of new local composition theory, new equations of state, and new experimental data. The preferential segregation and orientation of molecules due to different energies of molecular interaction has been simulated with square well molecules. Extensive simulation has been made for pure square well fluids and mixtures to find the local composition at wide ranges of states. A theory of local composition has been developed and an equation of state has been obtained for square well fluids. The new local composition theory has been embedded in several equations of state. The pressure of water is decoupled into a polar pressure and non-polar pressure according to the molecular model of water of Jorgensen et al. The polar pressure of water is combined with the BACK equation for the general description of polar fluids and their mixtures. Being derived from the steam table, the Augmented BACK equation is particularly suited for mixtures of water + non-polar substances such as the hydrocarbons. The hydrophobic character of the hydrocarbons had made their mixtures with water a special challenge. A new group contribution equation of state is developed to describe phase equilibrium and volumetric behavior of fluids while requiring only to know the molecular structure of the components. 15 refs., 1 fig.
Chao, K.C.
Sedimentation stacking diagram of binary colloidal mixtures and bulk phases in the plane of chemical potentials
We give a full account of a recently proposed theory that explicitly relates the bulk phase diagram of a binary colloidal mixture to its phase stacking phenomenology under gravity [Soft Matter 9, 8636 (2013)]. As we demonstrate, the full set of possible phase stacking sequences in sedimentation-diffusion equilibrium originates from straight lines (sedimentation paths) in the chemical potential representation of the bulk phase diagram. From the analysis of various standard topologies of bulk phase diagrams, we conclude that the corresponding sedimentation stacking diagrams can be very rich, even more so when finite sample height is taken into account. We apply the theory to obtain the stacking diagram of a mixture of nonadsorbing polymers and colloids. We also present a catalog of generic phase diagrams in the plane of chemical potentials in order to facilitate the practical application of our concept, which also generalizes to multi component mixtures.
Daniel de las Heras; Matthias Schmidt
Observation of crystallization slowdown in supercooled para-hydrogen and ortho-deuterium quantum liquid mixtures
We report a quantitative experimental study of the crystallization kinetics of supercooled quantum liquid mixtures of para-hydrogen (pH$_2$) and ortho-deuterium (oD$_2$) by high spatial resolution Raman spectroscopy of liquid microjets. We show that in a wide range of compositions the crystallization rate of the isotopic mixtures is significantly reduced with respect to that of the pure substances. To clarify this behavior we have performed path-integral simulations of the non-equilibrium pH$_2$-oD$_2$ liquid mixtures, revealing that differences in quantum delocalization between the two isotopic species translate into different effective particle sizes. Our results provide first experimental evidence for crystallization slowdown of quantum origin, offering a benchmark for theoretical studies of quantum behavior in supercooled liquids.
Matthias K�hnel; Jos� M. Fern�ndez; Filippo Tramonto; Guzm�n Tejeda; Elena Moreno; Anton Kalinin; Marco Nava; Davide E. Galli; Salvador Montero; Robert E. Grisenti
Apparatus and method for operating internal combustion engines from variable mixtures of gaseous fuels
An apparatus and method for utilizing any arbitrary mixture ratio of multiple fuel gases having differing combustion characteristics, such as natural gas and hydrogen gas, within an internal combustion engine. The gaseous fuel composition ratio is first sensed, such as by thermal conductivity, infrared signature, sound propagation speed, or equivalent mixture differentiation mechanisms and combinations thereof which are utilized as input(s) to a "multiple map" engine control module which modulates selected operating parameters of the engine, such as fuel injection and ignition timing, in response to the proportions of fuel gases available so that the engine operates correctly and at high efficiency irrespective of the gas mixture ratio being utilized. As a result, an engine configured according to the teachings of the present invention may be fueled from at least two different fuel sources without admixing constraints.
Heffel, James W. (Lake Matthews, CA); Scott, Paul B. (Northridge, CA); Park, Chan Seung (Yorba Linda, CA)
Dissipative dynamics of the Josephson effect in binary Bose-Einstein-condensed mixtures
The dissipative dynamics of a pointlike Josephson junction in binary Bose-Einstein-condensed mixtures is analyzed within the framework of the model of a tunneling Hamiltonian. The transmission of unlike particles across a junction is described by the different transmission amplitudes. The effective action that describes the dynamics of the phase differences across the junction for each of two condensed components is derived by employing the functional integration method. In the low-frequency limit the dynamics of a Josephson junction can be described by two coupled equations in terms of the potential energy and dissipative Rayleigh function using a mechanical analogy. The interplay between mass currents of each mixture component appears in the second-order term in the tunneling amplitudes due to the interspecies hybridizing interaction. The asymmetric case of the binary mixtures with different concentrations and order parameters is considered as well.
Burmistrov, S. N. [Kurchatov Institute, RU-123182 Moscow (Russian Federation)
Heffel, James W.; Scott, Paul B.
A computational procedure for calculating the thermodynamic properties of binary mixtures of Yukawa fluids under the mean spherical approximation
A COMPUTATIONAL PROCEDURE FOR CALCULATING THE THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF BINARY MIXTURES OF YUKAWA FLUIDS UNDER THE MEAN SPHERICAL APPROXIMATION A Thesis by EDUARDO ARRIFTA Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas AkM University... Region (below the curves) of non-real mathematical solution for M2 mixtures at different compositions zi. 22 3. Comparison between the initial estimates and solution values for the (D, I). Mixture Ml at zi ? 0. 65 and temperature T' = 0. 717. 27...
Arrieta, Eduardo
Roughage and roughage substitutes in high concentrate finishing mixtures for beef cattle
different levels of roughage, showed that maximum levels of 20 to 30% cottonseed hulls, 20 to 30% coastal bermuda hay, 10 to 20/o rice hulls (ammoniated or non-ammoniated) or 10/o flax shives should be used in finishing mixtures if high gain and feed... into four uniform groups on the basis of weight and grade. These groups received four different feed mixtures as follows: all concentrate, 2 and 4%%uo oyster shell flakes and 10% ammoniated rice hulls. The second and third experiments were part of Texas...
Leigh, Jorge Eduardo
Chemical and thermal stability of refrigerant-lubricant mixtures with metals
This report presents the results of a sealed tube stability study on twenty-one refrigerant-lubricant mixtures selected from the following groupings: HFCs R-32, R-125, R-134, R-134a, R-143a, and R-152a with one or more lubricants selected from among three pentaerythritol esters and three polyalkylene glycols. All lubricants were carefully predried to 25 ppm or less moisture content. HCFCs R-22, R-123, R-124, and R-142b, as well as CFC R-11, with one or more lubricants selected from among two mineral oils and one alkylbenzene fluid. Bach test mixture was aged at three temperature levels.
Huttenlocher, D.F.
Chemical and thermal stability of refrigerant-lubricant mixtures with metals. Final report
The effect of carbon dioxide-oxygen mixtures on oil recovery by in-situ combustion
THE EFFECT OF CARBON DIOXIDE-OXYGEN MIXTURES ON OIL RECOVERY BY IN-SITU COMBUSTION A Thesis by NEAL J. BROUSSARD7 JR. Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree... of MASTER OF SCIENCE May 1970 Major Subject: PETROLEUM ENGINEERING THE EFFECT OF CARBON DIOXIDE-OXYGEN MIXTURES ON OIL RECOVERY BY IN-SITU COMBUSTION A Thesis by NEAL J. BROUSSARD) JR. Approved as to style and content by Chp r an o ommrttee m er...
Broussard, Neal Joseph
Mixture for producing fracture-resistant, fiber-reinforced ceramic material by microwave heating
A fracture-resistant, fiber-reinforced ceramic substrate is produced by a method which involves preparing a ceramic precursor mixture comprising glass material, a coupling agent, and resilient fibers, and then exposing the mixture to microwave energy. The microwave field orients the fibers in the resulting ceramic material in a desired pattern wherein heat later generated in or on the substrate can be dissipated in a desired geometric pattern parallel to the fiber pattern. Additionally, the shunt capacitance of the fracture-resistant, fiber-reinforced ceramic substrate is lower which provides for a quicker transit time for electronic pulses in any conducting pathway etched into the ceramic substrate.
Meek, T.T.; Blake, R.D.
A fracture-resistant, fiber-reinforced ceramic substrate is produced by a method which involves preparing a ceramic precursor mixture comprising glass material, a coupling agent, and resilient fibers, and then exposing the mixture to microwave energy. The microwave field orients the fibers in the resulting ceramic material in a desired pattern wherein heat later generated in or on the substrate can be dissipated in a desired geometric pattern parallel to the fiber pattern. Additionally, the shunt capacitance of the fracture-resistant, fiber-reinforced ceramic substrate is lower which provides for a quicker transit time for electronic pulses in any conducting pathway etched into the ceramic substrate. 2 figs.
Meek, Thomas T. (Los Alamos, NM); Blake, Rodger D. (Santa Fe, NM)
New gas mixtures suitable for rare event detection using a Micromegas-TPC detector
The aim of the presented work was to develop further techniques based on a Micromegas-TPC, in order to reach a high gas gain with good energy resolution, and to search for gas mixtures suitable for rare event detection. This paper focuses on xenon, which is convenient for the search of neutrinoless double beta decay in 136 Xe. Conversely, a small admixture of xenon to CF 4 can reduce attachment in the latter. This gas mixture would be suitable for dark matter searches and the study of solar and reactor neutrinos. Various configurations of the Micromegas plane were investigated and are described.
L. Ounalli; J-L. Vuilleumier; D. Schenker; J-M. Vuilleumier
Phase-separation in ion-containing mixtures in electric fields
When a liquid mixture is subjected to external electric fields, ionic screening leads to field gradients. We point out that if the mixture is initially in the homogeneous phase, this screening can bring about a robust phase-separation transition with two main features: (i) the phase separation is expected to occur in any electrode geometry, and (ii) the voltage required is typically of the order of 1 V and even less. We discuss several applications of the effect relevant to the field of microfluidics, focusing on the creation of a nanometer-scale lubrication layer in the phase-separation process.
Yoav Tsori; Ludwik Leibler
The determination of compressibility factors of gaseous propane-nitrogen mixtures
LIBRARY A A N O'iLLEOE OF 1EXAS THE DETERMINATION OF COMPRESSIBILITY FACTORS OF GASEOUS PROPANE-NITROGEIN MIXTURES A Thesis Cecil Herman Dickson Submitted to the Graduate School of the Agricultural and Mechanical College of' Texas in partial... f'ulf'illment of the requirements for the de~ree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Ma]or GubjectI Chemistry May I&55 THE DETERMINATION OF COMPRESSIBILITY FACTORS OF GASEOUS PROPANE-NITROGEN MIXTURES A Thesis Cecil Herman Dickson Approved as to style...
Dickson, Cecil Herman
of a propane/MTBE mixture has been studied in a shock tube [5], while the oxidation of n-heptane/MTBE and n
Henry's law, surface tension, and surface adsorption in dilute binary mixtures
Henry's law, surface tension, and surface adsorption in dilute binary mixtures Akira Onukia. The solute partitioning between gas and liquid Henry's law and the surface tension change are discussed fraction X and the temperature-derivative / T cx,p of the surface tension at fixed pressure p
Development and evaluation of coal/water mixture combustion technology. Final report
The objective was to advance the technology for the preparation, storage, handling and combustion of highly-loaded coal/water mixtures. A systematic program to prepare and experimentally evaluate coal/water mixtures was conducted to develop mixtures which (1) burn efficiently using combustion chambers and burners designed for oil, (2) can be provided at a cost less than that of No. 6 oil, and (3) can be easily transported and stored. The program consisted of three principal tasks. The first was a literature survey relevant to coal/water mixture technology. The second involved slurry preparation and evaluation of rheological and stability properties, and processing techniques. The third consisted of combustion tests to characterize equipment and slurry parameters. The first task comprised a complete search of the literature, results of which are tabulated in Appendix A. Task 2 was involved with the evaluation of composition and process variables on slurry rheology and stability. Three bituminous coals, representing a range of values of volatile content, ash content, and hardness were used in the slurries. Task 3 was concerned with the combustion behavior of coal/water slurry. The studies involved first upgrading of an experimental furnace facility, which was used to burn slurry fuels, with emphasis on studying the effect on combustion of slurry properties such as viscosity and particle size, and the effect of equipment parameters such as secondary air preheat and atomization.
Scheffee, R.S.; Rossmeissl, N.P.; Skolnik, E.G.; McHale, E.T.
Compost mixture influence of interactive physical parameters on microbial kinetics and substrate fractionation
Compost mixture influence of interactive physical parameters on microbial kinetics and substrate 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 Composting is a feasible by selecting an initial compost recipe with physical properties that enhance microbial activity. The present
Inverting Ultrasonic Data on Solid/Fluid Mixtures for BiotGassmann Parameters
Inverting Ultrasonic Data on Solid/Fluid Mixtures for BiotGassmann Parameters James G. Berryman Geophysics Department Stanford University Stanford, CA 943052215 #12; Inverting Ultrasonic Data on Solid, the values of the slopes are smaller than expected for some rocks. Therefore, the process of inverting
PHYSICAL REVIEW A 87, 012703 (2013) Feshbach-molecule formation in a Bose-Fermi mixture
-degenerate Fermi gas of polar molecules would be an important step toward achieving novel quantum phases of matter molecules with a conversion efficiency as high as 45%. In the limit of fast magnetic sweeps and small of bosonic molecules from either Bose or Fermi gases. However, for quantum degenerate atom gas mixtures, we
Jin, Deborah
Analysis of Steam Heating of a Two-Layer TBP/N-Paraffin/Nitric Acid Mixtures
This report presents an analysis of steam heating of a two-layer tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP)/n-paraffin-nitric acid mixture.The purpose of this study is to determine if the degree of mixing provided by the steam jet or by bubbles generated by the TBP/nitric acid reaction is sufficient to prevent a runaway reaction.
Laurinat, J.E. [Westinghouse Savannah River Company, AIKEN, SC (United States); Hassan, N.M.; Rudisill, T.S.; Askew, N.M.
Clathrate hydrate equilibrium data for the gas mixture of carbon dioxide and nitrogen in the
1 Clathrate hydrate equilibrium data for the gas mixture of carbon dioxide and nitrogen the mole fraction of CO2 in the carbon dioxide + nitrogen + cyclopentane mixed hydrate phase, both defined;2 {water +carbon dioxide + nitrogen}, the equilibrium pressure of the mixed hydrate is reduced by 0.95 up
KINETICS, CATALYSIS, AND REACTION ENGINEERING Nonthermal Plasma Reactions of Dilute Nitrogen Oxide Mixtures
for the conversion of nitrogen oxides,1,2,4-10 sulfur dioxide,11 and volatile organic car- bons.12 Despite itsKINETICS, CATALYSIS, AND REACTION ENGINEERING Nonthermal Plasma Reactions of Dilute Nitrogen Oxide Mixtures: NOx in Nitrogen Gui-Bing Zhao, Xudong Hu, Man-Chung Yeung, Ovid A. Plumb,§ and Maciej Radosz
Yeung, Man-Chung
A simplified procedure for estimation of mixture permeances from unary permeation data
Using the Maxwell�Stefan (M�S) diffusion equations as a basis, we derive simple analytic expression for the estimation of component permeances of mixtures across micro- and mesoporous membranes on the basis of unary permeation data. The analytic procedure uses two simplifying assumptions: (1) downstream pressures are negligibly small in comparison to upstream pressures, and (2) adsorption equilibrium within the pores can be described by Henry law coefficients. Two limiting scenarios are considered in estimating the M�S exchange coefficients, �{sub ij}: (1) correlations negligible, and (2) correlations dominant. In the correlations negligible scenario, the permeances of each component in the mixture equal that of the corresponding pure components. For the correlations dominant scenario, the permeances in the mixture are significantly different from the pure component values; the differences being dictated not only by mobilities of the species within the pores, but also by the adsorption equilibrium. The results of this study underlines the strong influence of diffusional correlations on the mixture permeances and permeation selectivities.
Krishna, Rajamani; van Baten, Jasper M
Effect of organic-vapor mixtures on the service life of respirator cartridges. Part 1
We challenged pairs of MSA respirator cartridges with two compounds, isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), to study the adsorption characteristics of organic vapors on cartridge performance. Each vapor was injected at three concentrations: (1) each at 10 times the respective Threshold Limit Value (TLV), (2) as a mixture at a concentration equal to the sum of the two single concentrations of item (1), and (3) each alone at a concentration equal to the total-mixture challenge concentration of item (2). The experiments were repeated at 20% and 85% relative humidities. One-percent and ten-percent breakthrough times were observed experimentally in every case, and breakthrough times of the mixture agreed with the single, high-concentration challenge. Experimental data were matched to a theoretical model derived from modified Wheeler-Robell equations and showed close correlations between adsorption-rate constants for the mixture and for the individual compounds. Based on these first experiments, we feel that an accurate mathematical model is possible, and further experiments are planned to verify this. 12 refs., 1 fig., 3 tabs.
Swearengen, P.M.; Weaver, S.C.
Joint Uncertainty Decoding with Unscented Transform for Noise-robust Subspace Gaussian Mixture Models
T S C R T S C #12;Noise compensation Larger modelling power higher recognition accuracy. Our systemsJoint Uncertainty Decoding with Unscented Transform for Noise-robust Subspace Gaussian Mixture [Povey et al., 2011] In mismatched condition (i.e. noise), the gain disappears Goal Noise compensation
PHYSICAL REVIEW E 84, 051401 (2011) Charged colloids in an aqueous mixture with a salt
the precipitation line. Such wetting layers can either completely or partially cover the colloid surface depending particles in an aqueous mixture, accounting for preferential adsorption, electrostatic interaction surface, we predict a precipitation transition induced by a strong preference of hydrophilic ions to water
Mapping oil spills on sea water using spectral mixture analysis of hyperspectral image data
Mapping oil spills on sea water using spectral mixture analysis of hyperspectral image data Javier large spill oil events threatening coastal habitats and species. Some recent examples include the 2002 Prestige tanker oil spill in Galicia, Northern Spain, as well as repeated oil spill leaks evidenced
Plaza, Antonio J.
EFFECTS OF MIXTURE INHOMOGENEITY ON THE AUTO-IGNITION OF REACTANTS UNDER HCCI ENVIRONMENT Ramanan ABSTRACT As an attempt at providing insight to develop bet- ter modeling strategies for HCCI engines in multi-dimensional simulation of HCCI engines. INTRODUCTION The homogenous charge compression ignition
Im, Hong G.
Automatic isochoric apparatus for PVT and phase equilibrium studies of natural gas mixtures
We have developed a new automatic apparatus for the measurement of the phase equilibrium and pVT properties of natural gas mixtures in our laboratory. Based on the isochoric method, the apparatus can operate at temperature from 200 K to 500 K...
Zhou, Jingjun
Dual Phase, Co-Continuous Morphology from Mixtures of Recycled Polystyrene/Curbside Tailings Materials
electron microscopy is interlocked and co-continuous, forming a three dimensional interpenetrating network L.W. Suttner Rheometrics, Inc. Paper No.292 Introduction Virtually all studies of polymer mixtures polymers are processed under the proper conditions of composition and viscosity, it may be possible
MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING RESEARCH CONFERENCE 2003 1 Low Complexity Gaussian Mixture Model-based Block
is jointly Gaussian, hence Lloyd- Max non-uniform scalar quantisers are used in traditional block quan-based Block Quantisation of Images Stephen So and Kuldip K. Paliwal Abstract--In this paper, we present a low complexity version of Gaus- sian mixture model-based block quantisation for images. The latter coding method
Phoneme-dependent NMF for speech enhancement in monaural mixtures Bhiksha Raj1
Phoneme-dependent NMF for speech enhancement in monaural mixtures Bhiksha Raj1 , Rita Singh1, over conventional NMF-based separation. Index terms: Monaural signal separation, speech enhance- ment, Tampere, Finland. Abstract The problem of separating speech signals out of monaural mix- tures (with other
Virtanen, Tuomas
Demonstration of Pressurizing Coal/Biomass Mixtures Using Posimetric Solids Pump Technology
This document is the Final Technical Report for a project supported by U.S. DOE NETL (Contract No. DE-FE0000507), GE Global Research, GE Energy, and Idaho National Laboratory (INL). This report discusses key project accomplishments for the period beginning August 7, 2009 and ending December 31, 2012. In this project, pressurized delivery of coal/biomass mixtures using GE Posimetric* solids pump technology was achieved in pilot scale experiments. Coal/biomass mixtures containing 10-50 wt% biomass were fed against pressures of 65-450 psi. Pressure capability increased with decreasing biomass content for a given pump design, and was linked to the interaction of highly compressible coal/biomass mixtures with the pump outlet design. Biomass pretreatment specifications for particle size and moisture content were defined based on bench-scale flowability, compressibility, friction, and permeability experiments that mimic the behavior of the Posimetric pump. A preliminary economic assessment of biomass pretreatment and pump operation for coal/biomass mixtures (CBMs) was conducted.
Westendorf, Tiffany; Acharya, Harish; Cui, Zhe; Furman, Anthony; Giammattei, Mark; Rader, Jeff; Vazquez, Arturo
Energy production rates in fluid mixtures of inelastic rough hard spheres
The aim of this work is to explore the combined effect of polydispersity and roughness on the partial energy production rates and on the total cooling rate of a granular fluid mixture. We consider a mixture of inelastic rough hard spheres of different number densities, masses, diameters, moments of inertia, and mutual coefficients of normal and tangential restitution. Starting from the first equation of the BBGKY hierarchy, the collisional energy production rates associated with the translational and rotational temperatures ($T_i^\\text{tr}$ and $T_i^\\text{rot}$) are expressed in terms of two-body average values. Next, those average values are estimated by assuming a velocity distribution function based on maximum-entropy arguments, allowing us to express the energy production rates and the total cooling rate in terms of the partial temperatures and the parameters of the mixture. Finally, the results are applied to the homogeneous cooling state of a binary mixture and the influence of inelasticity and roughness on the temperature ratios $T_1^\\text{tr}/T_1^\\text{rot}$, $T_2^\\text{tr}/T_1^\\text{tr}$, and $T_2^\\text{rot}/T_1^\\text{rot}$ is analyzed.
Andr�s Santos; Gilberto M. Kremer; Vicente Garz�
Mullite/Alumina Mixtures for Use as Porous Matrices in Oxide Fiber Composites
ceramic composites. Conditions for the deflection of a matrix crack at a fiber-matrix interface are used particle mixtures of mullite and alumina are assessed as candidate matrixes for use in porous matrix to identify the combinations of modulus and toughness of the fibers and the matrix for which damage
Zok, Frank
Binary inorganic salt mixtures as high conductivity liquid electrolytes for .100 uC fuel cells{
Binary inorganic salt mixtures as high conductivity liquid electrolytes for .100 uC fuel cells cations (e.g. ammonium) as electrolytes in fuel cells operating in the temperature range 100200 uC, where cell operating with optimized electrodes in the same temperature range, while open circuit voltages
Angell, C. Austen
The Effect of Slip Velocity on Saturation for Multiphase Condensing Mixtures in a PEM Fuel Cell
The Effect of Slip Velocity on Saturation for Multiphase Condensing Mixtures in a PEM Fuel Cell in computed results reported in the fuel cell literature, but which has not yet received a satisfactory to treat the slip velocity between phases. Keywords: Condensation � Two Phase Flow � PEM Fuel Cell � Slip
Stockie, John
Self-Assembly in Mixtures of Polymers and Small Associating Molecules Haim Diamant and David Andelman*
Self-Assembly in Mixtures of Polymers and Small Associating Molecules Haim Diamant and David of the interaction, compete with intrachain repulsion and eventually drive a joint self-assembly of the two species with experiments on the onset of self-assembly in diverse polymer- surfactant systems. The threshold concentration
Andelman, David
Method of analysis of polymerizable monomeric species in a complex mixture
Method of selective quantitation of a polymerizable monomeric species in a well spacer fluid, said method comprising the steps of adding at least one solvent having a refractive index of less than about 1.33 to a sample of the complex mixture to produce a solvent phase, and measuring the refractive index of the solvent phase.
Hermes, Robert E
Original article Mechanical behaviour of silty clay loam/peat mixtures
Original article Mechanical behaviour of silty clay loam/peat mixtures: cyclic compression or amended with 20 or 40 % by volume of spagh- num peat, were studied at different values of water contentPa is increased to about 55 and 115 % for 20 and 40 % peat contents, respectively. A comparison of the cyclic test
Dechlorination of PCE by mixtures of green rust and zero-valent iron
such as pH (8, 9, and 10), ZVI pretreatment, and preparation method of the mixtures (GR[S]?? synthesized in the presence of ZVI; GR[S]?? and ZVI mixed after preparation). For all the experimental conditions evaluated, the activities of these reductants...
Marchal, Fabienne
Lattice Boltzmann Computation of Plasma Jet Behaviors : part II Argon-Nitrogen Mixture
the applications to simulating flows with temperature-dependent diffusion parameters (viscosity and diffusivity. Argon and Nitrogen are two gases of the most ones used in plasma spraying. The mixture is used when spraying. Our numerical results based on the centerline temperature and velocity profiles, its
Inhalation toxicology of red and violet mixtures. Chamber concentration and particle-size distribution report
An inhalation exposure facility was developed at the U.S. EPA, RTP, NC to conduct inhalation exposures of rodents and guinea pigs to dye mixtures used by the U.S. Army in the manufacture of smoke munitions. Initially, an evaluation of the prototype chamber aerosol homogeneity was conducted to determine the uniformity and reproducibility of the concentration and particle size of dye aerosol throughout the breathing zone of the test animals. The three dyes, DR11, SR1, and DB3, were chemically analyzed for purity and optically examined for size and shape. All pure dyes appeared to be stable at room temperature except DB3, which decomposes if not stored at 4 C. The particle size ranges varied for each pure dye and structures were either amorphous (azo dye) or crystalline (anthraquinone dyes). The bulk red and violet dye mixtures were analyzed for composition. The chemical analysis of the relative composition of each dye mixture, collected by cascade impactor sampling, revealed fractionation of the mixtures into component dyes.
Higuchi, M.A.; Davies, D.W.
Numerical study of viscoelastic mixtures through a Cahn-Hilliard Franck Boyer1
-time numerical simulations. Several significant tests (channel under shear, filling of tanks, breakup of jets. In this model, the sharp interface is replaced by a narrow transition layer across which the fluids may mix to describe the concentration of one of the fluids in the mixture. The resulting system of equations couples
Analyzing the temporal variation of wind turbine responses using Gaussian Mixture Model and Gaussian Discriminant Analysis
1 Analyzing the temporal variation of wind turbine responses using Gaussian Mixture Model characteristics have a significant impact on the structural response and the lifespan of wind turbines. This paper presents a machine learning approach towards analyzing and predicting the response of a wind turbine
Stanford University
Analysis of Mixture Models using Expected Posterior Priors, with Application to Classi cation
of Gamma Ray Bursts Jos#19;e M. P#19;erez and James O. Berger #3; Abstract Consider observations when the number of components is un- known. An application is considered involving Gamma Ray Bursts of the number of classes of Gamma Ray Bursts (Meegan et al. , 1995). 1.1 Notation Consider the #12;nite mixture
Berger, Jim
Identification and characterization of agent for reductive dechlorination in mixtures of ferrous iron and Portland cement
were conducted to identify a potential active agent in a mixture of Fe(II) and Portland cement extract (PCX). Results of XRD analysis indicated that a potential active agent is likely to be green rust chloride, which is a layered Fe...
Ko, Sae Bom
Experimental: Gel Electrolyte The gel mixtures were designed to be cast as
Experimental: Gel Electrolyte The gel mixtures were designed to be cast as low viscosity solution and Frederik Krebs Polymer Solar Cell Initiative, The Danish Polymer Centre, Risø National Laboratory, PO Box solar cell power extraction solving the problem of high current densities. LCs realized reach 1
Resolving Isomeric Peptide Mixtures: A Combined HPLC/Ion Mobility-TOFMS Analysis of a
of the relatively low density of the buffer gas (compared with condensed-phase separations), mobilities of ions to incorporate the gas-phase separation between condensed-phase separation methods and MS detectionResolving Isomeric Peptide Mixtures: A Combined HPLC/Ion Mobility-TOFMS Analysis of a 4000
Clemmer, David E.
FILLING OF METHANE/AIR MIXTURE IN A TUBE FOR PULSE DETONATION ENGINES By SHRAVANI DWARAKAPALLY. Thanks to my god Lord Shiva for his blessings. November 18, 2011 #12;v ABSTRACT FILLING OF METHANE, was studied using the unsteady flow solver methane and air nominally at STP. Three cases were examined: (i
Texas at Arlington, University of
Spherically symmetric droplet combustion of three and four component miscible mixtures as surrogates for
.48/7.28/22.83, respectively, were previously shown to replicate certain gas phase combustion properties of JetSpherically symmetric droplet combustion of three and four component miscible mixtures This study examines the droplet combustion characteristics of three and four component miscible liquid
Walter, M.Todd
COARSENING AND SELF-ORGANIZATION IN DILUTE DIBLOCK COPOLYMER MELTS AND MIXTURES KARL GLASNER RUSTUM, on the other hand, is responsible for producing self-organized patterns. We construct approximations based upon incompatible [9]. Block copoly- mers, on the other hand, are inhomogeneous chain molecules composed of two
Glasner, Karl B.
Pattern selection near the onset of convection in binary mixtures in cylindrical
via a subcritical Hopf bifurcation, are considered. We focus on the dynamics in the neighbourhood ratio mixtures water or He3 - He4 . In this case, the heavier component mechanisms of instability typically gives rise to a subcritical Hopf bifurcation of the conduction state
Marques, Francisco
High figure-of-merit nematic mixtures based on totally unsaturated isothiocyanate liquid crystals
. 1. Introduction The continuous demand for faster electro-optic response times is the driving force of figure-of-merit were observed at room temperature for the formulated nematic mixtures. Potential phased arrays (OPAs) for laser communications, require faster response times. In order to achieve a fast
Wu, Shin-Tson
Thermodynamical approaches to efficient sympathetic cooling in ultracold Fermi-Bose atomic mixtures
mainly due to fundamental obstacles in adapting cooling techniques successfully used for bosonic species degeneracy. This issue has been circumvented by developing two cooling techniques, namely mutual evaporativeThermodynamical approaches to efficient sympathetic cooling in ultracold Fermi-Bose atomic mixtures
Presilla, Carlo
Probabilistic Conic Mixture Model and its Applications to Mining Spatial Ground Penetrating Radar Data
to image data is a basic task in pattern recognition and spatial data mining and also is an important a reliable report after the inspection. The patterns appearing in the B-scans [5] of GPR data have shapesProbabilistic Conic Mixture Model and its Applications to Mining Spatial Ground Penetrating Radar
Leeds, University of
hal-00187600,version1-14Nov2007 Models for dependent extremes using stable mixtures
hal-00187600,version1-14Nov2007 Models for dependent extremes using stable mixtures Running/short title: Models for dependent extremes Anne-Laure Foug`eres ´Equipe Modal'X, Universit´e Paris X-stable, multivariate extreme value distribu- tion, pitting corrosion, random effect, positive stable variables
Vesicle Formation of a 1:1 Catanionic Surfactant Mixture in Ethanol Solution
Vesicle Formation of a 1:1 Catanionic Surfactant Mixture in Ethanol Solution J.-B. Huang,* B on the liposome of natural phospho- lipids.10,11 As for the situation in ethanol solution, early studies showed that ethanol addition deteriorates the molecular order in lipid bilayers,12-16 although a small amount
Huang, Jianbin
Increased Efficiency in SI Engine with Air Replaced by Oxygen in Argon Mixture
Basic engine thermodynamics predicts that spark ignited engine efficiency is a function of both the compression ratio of the engine and the specific heat ratio of the working fluid. In practice the compression ratio of the engine is often limited due to knock. Both higher specific heat ratio and higher compression ratio lead to higher end gas temperatures and increase the likelihood of knock. In actual engine cycles, heat transfer losses increase at higher compression ratios and limit efficiency even when the knock limit is not reached. In this paper we investigate the role of both the compression ratio and the specific heat ratio on engine efficiency by conducting experiments comparing operation of a single-cylinder variable-compression-ratio engine with both hydrogen-air and hydrogen-oxygen-argon mixtures. For low load operation it is found that the hydrogen-oxygen-argon mixtures result in higher indicated thermal efficiencies. Peak efficiency for the hydrogen-oxygen-argon mixtures is found at compression ratio 5.5 whereas for the hydrogen-air mixture with an equivalence ratio of 0.24 the peak efficiency is found at compression ratio 13. We apply a three-zone model to help explain the effects of specific heat ratio and compression ratio on efficiency. Operation with hydrogen-oxygen-argon mixtures at low loads is more efficient because the lower compression ratio results in a substantially larger portion of the gas to reside in the adiabatic core rather than in the boundary layer and in the crevices, leading to less heat transfer and more complete combustion.
Killingsworth, N J; Rapp, V H; Flowers, D L; Aceves, S M; Chen, J; Dibble, R
Porous Elasticity: Lectures on the elasticity of porous materials as an application of the theory of mixtures
of classical porous media models. Chapter 2 introduces the essentials of the theory of mixtures. Chapters 3,4 and 5 exploit the theory of mixtures to formulate various models of porous elastic materials. Chapter 6 is concerned with establishing connections...
Bowen, Ray M.
Binary and ternary gas mixtures with temperature enhanced diffuse glow discharge characteristics for use in closing switches
An improvement to the gas mixture used in diffuse glow discharge closing switches is disclosed which includes binary and ternary gas mixtures which are formulated to exhibit decreasing electron attachment with increasing temperature. This increases the efficiency of the conductance of the glow discharge and further inhibits the formation of an arc. 11 figs.
Christophorou, L.G.; Hunter, S.R.
A FAST ASYMPTOTICALLY EFFICIENT ALGORITHM FOR BLIND SEPARATION OF A LINEAR MIXTURE OF BLOCK separation algorithm called Block AutoRegressive Blind Identi cation (BARBI). The al- gorithm to be applicable in blind separation of a linear mixture of speech signals. Index Terms-- Approximate joint
Yeredor, Arie
A FAST ASYMPTOTICALLY EFFICIENT ALGORITHM FOR BLIND SEPARATION OF A LINEAR MIXTURE OF BLOCK separation algorithm called Block AutoRegressive Blind Identification (BARBI). The al- gorithm to be applicable in blind separation of a linear mixture of speech signals. Index Terms-- Approximate joint
R. E. Estell, E. L. Fredrickson, D. M. Anderson and M. D. Remmenga mixtures on alfalfa pellet intake by lambs
R. E. Estell, E. L. Fredrickson, D. M. Anderson and M. D. Remmenga mixtures on alfalfa pellet and sesquiterpene mixtures on alfalfa pellet intake by lambs1 R. E. Estell,*2 E. L. Fredrickson,* D. M. Anderson. Four experiments were conducted to determine the effects of terpenes on intake of alfalfa pellets
Shear viscosity measurements in the binary mixture butyl cellosolve-water near its upper and lower critical consolute points
has been measured for a two-component critical liquid system, butyl cellosolve-water, in the region to report measurements of the shear viscosity of critical binary mixture butyl cello- solve (2-n353 Shear viscosity measurements in the binary mixture butyl cellosolve-water near its upper
Enhanced anaerobic biodegradation of BTEX-ethanol mixtures in aquifer columns amended with sulfate, chelated ferric iron or nitrate
Enhanced anaerobic biodegradation of BTEX-ethanol mixtures in aquifer columns amended with sulfate-mail: email@example.com) Key words: anaerobic biostimulation, bioremediation, BTEX, ethanol, natural attenuationFe(III) or nitrate to enhance the biodegradation of BTEX and ethanol mixtures. The rapid biodegradation of ethanol
Alvarez, Pedro J.
Droplet Dynamics Changes in Electrostatic Sprays of Methanol-Water Mixtures Zohra Olumee, John H. Callahan, and Akos Vertes*,
conductivity, dielectric constant, surface tension, viscosity, and density) and on the spraying conditionsDroplet Dynamics Changes in Electrostatic Sprays of Methanol-Water Mixtures Zohra Olumee, John H generated from methanol-water mixtures. We investigated spraying conditions close to those of electrospray
Vertes, Akos
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