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BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 1 1 S.99 2 Introduced by Senator Nitka of Windsor District and Senator Kitchel of 3 Caledonia District 4 Referred to Committee on 5 Date: 6 Subject: Human services; interstate compact for the placement of children 7 Statement of purpose: This bill proposes to replace Vermont's interstate 8 compact for the placement of children with an updated version of the compact. 9 The new version of the compact updates the procedure by which children are 10 placed in suitable homes, clarifies the rules under which state courts determine 11 jurisdiction over a child's placement, and approves the state's membership in 12 an interstate commission to create rules and oversee the administration of the 13 compact. 14 AN ACT RELATING TO THE INTERSTATE COMPACT FOR THE 15 PLACEMENT OF CHILDREN 16 It is hereby enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Vermont: 17 Sec. 1. REPEAL 18 33 V.S.A. chapter 59 (§§ 5901-5927) is repealed. 19 www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 2 1 Sec. 2. 33 V.S.A. chapter 59A is added to read: 2 CHAPTER 59A. INTERSTATE COMPACT FOR 3 THE PLACEMENT OF CHILDREN 4 § 5951. PURPOSE 5 The purpose of this compact is to: 6 (1) Provide a process and operating procedures through which children 7 subject to this compact are placed in safe and suitable homes in a timely 8 manner. 9 (2) Facilitate ongoing supervision of a placement, the delivery of 10 services, and communication between the states. 11 (3) Provide for the adoption and enforcement of administrative rules 12 implementing the provisions of this compact and regulating the covered 13 activities of the member states. 14 (4) Provide for uniform data collection and information sharing between 15 member states under this compact. 16 (5) Promote coordination between this compact, the interstate compact 17 for juveniles, the interstate compact on adoption and medical assistance, and 18 other compacts affecting the placement of and which provide services to 19 children otherwise subject to this compact. www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 3 1 (6) Provide for a state's continuing legal jurisdiction and responsibility 2 for placement and care of a child that it would have had if the placement were 3 intrastate. 4 (7) Provide for the adoption of guidelines, in collaboration with Indian 5 tribes, for interstate cases involving Indian children as is or may be permitted 6 by federal law. 7 § 5952. DEFINITIONS 8 As used in this compact: 9 (1) "Approved placement" means the receiving state has determined 10 after an assessment that the placement is both safe and suitable for the child 11 and is in compliance with the applicable laws of the receiving state governing 12 the placement of children therein. 13 (2) "Assessment" means an evaluation of a prospective placement to 14 determine whether the placement meets the individualized needs of the child, 15 including but not limited to the child's safety and stability, health and 16 well-being, and mental, emotional, and physical development. 17 (3) "Child" means an individual who has not attained the age of 18. 18 (4) "Default" means the failure of a member state to perform the 19 obligations or responsibilities imposed upon it by this compact, the bylaws, or 20 rules of the interstate commission. www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 4 1 (5) "Indian tribe" means any Indian tribe, band, nation, or other 2 organized group or community of Indians recognized as eligible for services 3 provided to Indians by the secretary of the interior because of their status as 4 Indians, including any Alaskan native village as defined in Section 3(c) of the 5 Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act at 43 U.S.C. § 1602(c). 6 (6) "Interstate commission for the placement of children" means the 7 commission that is created under section 5958 of this compact and which is 8 generally referred to as the interstate commission. 9 (7) "Jurisdiction" means the power and authority of a court to hear and 10 decide matters. 11 (8) "Member state" means a state that has enacted this compact. 12 (9) "Noncustodial parent" means a person who, at the time of the 13 commencement of court proceedings in the sending state, does not have sole 14 legal custody of the child or has joint legal custody of a child, and who is not 15 the subject of allegations or findings of child abuse or neglect. 16 (10) "Nonmember state" means a state which has not enacted this 17 compact. 18 (11) "Notice of residential placement" means information regarding a 19 placement into a residential facility provided to the receiving state, including, 20 but not limited to the name, date, and place of birth of the child, the identity 21 and address of the parent or legal guardian, evidence of authority to make the www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 5 1 placement, and the name and address of the facility in which the child will be 2 placed. Notice of residential placement shall also include information 3 regarding a discharge and any unauthorized absence from the facility. 4 (12) "Placement" means the act by a public or private child-placing 5 agency intended to arrange for the care or custody of a child in another state. 6 (13) "Private child-placing agency" means any private corporation, 7 agency, foundation, institution, or charitable organization, or any private 8 person or attorney who facilitates, causes, or is involved in the placement of a 9 child from one state to another and who is not an instrumentality of the state or 10 acting under color of state law. 11 (14) "Provisional placement" means that the receiving state has 12 determined that the proposed placement is safe and suitable, and, to the extent 13 allowable, the receiving state has temporarily waived its standards or 14 requirements otherwise applicable to prospective foster or adoptive parents so 15 as to not delay the placement. Completion of the receiving state requirements 16 regarding training for prospective foster or adoptive parents shall not delay an 17 otherwise safe and suitable placement. 18 (15) "Public child-placing agency" means any government child welfare 19 agency or child protection agency or a private entity under contract with such 20 an agency, regardless of whether it acts on behalf of a state, county, www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 6 1 municipality or other governmental unit and which facilitates, causes, or is 2 involved in the placement of a child from one state to another. 3 (16) "Receiving state" means the state to which a child is sent, brought, 4 or caused to be sent or brought. 5 (17) "Relative" means someone who is related to the child as a parent, 6 step-parent, sibling by half or whole blood or by adoption, grandparent, aunt, 7 uncle, or first cousin or a nonrelative with such significant ties to the child that 8 he or she may be regarded as a relative as determined by the court in the 9 sending state. 10 (18) "Residential facility" means a facility providing a level of care that 11 is sufficient to substitute for parental responsibility or foster care and is beyond 12 what is needed for assessment or treatment of an acute condition. For purposes 13 of the compact, residential facilities do not include institutions primarily 14 educational in character, hospitals, or other medical facilities. 15 (19) "Rule" means a written directive, mandate, standard, or principle 16 issued by the interstate commission promulgated pursuant to section 5961 of 17 this title that is of general applicability and that implements, interprets, or 18 prescribes a policy or provision of the compact. "Rule" has the force and 19 effect of statutory law in a member state and includes the amendment, repeal, 20 or suspension of an existing rule. www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 7 1 (20) "Sending state" means the state from which the placement of a 2 child is initiated. 3 (21) "Service member's permanent duty station" means the military 4 installation where an active duty armed services member is currently assigned 5 and is physically located under competent orders that do not specify the duty as 6 temporary. 7 (22) "Service member's state of legal residence" means the state in 8 which the active duty armed services member is considered a resident for tax 9 and voting purposes. 10 (23) "State" means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, 11 the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American 12 Samoa, the Northern Marianas Islands, and any other territory of the United 13 States. 14 (24) "State court" means a judicial body of a state that is vested by law 15 with responsibility for adjudicating cases involving abuse, neglect, deprivation, 16 delinquency, or status offenses of individuals who have not attained the age of 17 18. 18 (25) "Supervision" means monitoring provided by the receiving state 19 once a child has been placed in a receiving state pursuant to this compact. 20 www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 8 1 § 5953. APPLICABILITY 2 (a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) of this section, this 3 compact shall apply to: 4 (1) The interstate placement of a child subject to ongoing court 5 jurisdiction in the sending state due to allegations or findings that the child has 6 been abused, neglected, or deprived as defined by the laws of the sending state; 7 provided, however, that the placement of such a child into a residential facility 8 shall only require notice of residential placement to the receiving state prior to 9 placement. 10 (2) The interstate placement of a child adjudicated delinquent or 11 unmanageable based on the laws of the sending state and subject to ongoing 12 court jurisdiction of the sending state if: 13 (A) the child is being placed in a residential facility in another 14 member state and is not covered under another compact; or 15 (B) the child is being placed in another member state and the 16 determination of safety and suitability of the placement and services required is 17 not provided through another compact. 18 (3) The interstate placement of any child by a public child-placing 19 agency or private child placing agency as defined in this compact as a 20 preliminary step to a possible adoption. 21 (b) The provisions of this compact shall not apply to: www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 9 1 (1) The interstate placement of a child with a nonrelative in a receiving 2 state by a parent with the legal authority to make such a placement; provided, 3 however, that the placement is not intended to effectuate an adoption. 4 (2) The interstate placement of a child by one relative with the lawful 5 authority to make such a placement directly with a relative in a receiving state. 6 (3) The placement of a child, not subject to subsection (a) of this 7 section, into a residential facility by the child's parent. 8 (4) The placement of a child with a noncustodial parent provided that: 9 (A) the noncustodial parent proves to the satisfaction of a court in the 10 sending state a substantial relationship with the child; 11 (B) the court in the sending state makes a written finding that 12 placement with the noncustodial parent is in the best interests of the child; and 13 (C) the court in the sending state dismisses its jurisdiction over the 14 child's case. 15 (5) A child entering the United States from a foreign country for the 16 purpose of adoption or leaving the United States to go to a foreign country for 17 the purpose of adoption in that country. 18 (6) Cases in which a U.S. citizen child living overseas with the child's 19 family, at least one of whose parents is in the U.S. armed services, and who is 20 stationed overseas, is removed and placed in a state. www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 10 1 (7) The sending of a child by a public child-placing agency or a private 2 child-placing agency for a visit as defined by the rules of the interstate 3 commission. 4 (c) For purposes of determining the applicability of this compact to the 5 placement of a child with a family in the armed services, the public 6 child-placing agency or private child-placing agency may choose the state of 7 the service member's permanent duty station or the service member's declared 8 legal residence. 9 (d) Nothing in this compact shall be construed to prohibit the concurrent 10 application of the provisions of this compact with other applicable interstate 11 compacts, including the interstate compact for juveniles and the interstate 12 compact on adoption and medical assistance. The interstate commission may, 13 in cooperation with other interstate compact commissions having responsibility 14 for the interstate movement, placement, or transfer of children, adopt like rules 15 to ensure the coordination of services, timely placement of children, and the 16 reduction of unnecessary or duplicative administrative or procedural 17 requirements. 18 § 5954. JURISDICTION 19 (a) The sending state shall retain jurisdiction over a child with respect to all 20 matters of custody and disposition of the child which it would have had if the www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 11 1 child had remained in the sending state. Such jurisdiction shall also include 2 the power to order the return of the child to the sending state. 3 (b) When an issue of child protection or custody is brought before a court 4 in the receiving state, such court shall confer with the court of the sending state 5 to determine the most appropriate forum for adjudication. 6 (c) In accordance with its own laws, the court in the sending state shall 7 have authority to terminate its jurisdiction if: 8 (1) the child is reunified with the parent in the receiving state who is the 9 subject of allegations or findings of abuse or neglect, only with the 10 concurrence of the public child-placing agency in the receiving state; 11 (2) the child is adopted; 12 (3) the child reaches the age of majority under the laws of the sending 13 state; 14 (4) the child achieves legal independence pursuant to the laws of the 15 sending state; 16 (5) a guardianship is created by a court in the receiving state with the 17 concurrence of the court in the sending state; 18 (6) an Indian tribe has petitioned for and received jurisdiction from the 19 court in the sending state; or www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 12 1 (7) the public child-placing agency of the sending state requests 2 termination and has obtained the concurrence of the public child-placing 3 agency in the receiving state. 4 (d) When a sending state court terminates its jurisdiction, the receiving 5 state child-placing agency shall be notified. 6 (e) Nothing in this section shall defeat a claim of jurisdiction by a receiving 7 state court sufficient to deal with an act of truancy, delinquency, crime, or 8 behavior involving a child as defined by the laws of the receiving state 9 committed by the child in the receiving state which would be a violation of its 10 laws. 11 (f) Nothing in this section shall limit the receiving state's ability to take 12 emergency jurisdiction for the protection of the child. 13 § 5955. ASSESSMENTS 14 (a) Prior to sending a child, bringing a child, or causing a child to be sent or 15 brought into a receiving state, the public child-placing agency shall provide a 16 written request for assessment to the receiving state. 17 (b) Prior to sending a child, bringing a child, or causing a child to be sent or 18 brought into a receiving state, the private child-placing agency shall: 19 (1) provide evidence that the applicable laws of the sending state have 20 been complied with; www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 13 1 (2) certify that the consent or relinquishment is in compliance with 2 applicable law of the birth parent's state of residence or, where permitted, the 3 laws of the state where the finalization of the adoption will occur; 4 (3) request through the public child-placing agency in the sending state 5 an assessment to be conducted in the receiving state; and 6 (4) upon completion of the assessment, obtain the approval of the public 7 child-placing agency in the receiving state. 8 (c) Any request for an assessment shall follow all procedures, contain all 9 information, and be in the form provided for in the rules of the interstate 10 commission. 11 (1) The procedures for making a request for an assessment. 12 (2) The required information in the request for an assessment, and the 13 form in which the request is presented. 14 (d) Upon receipt of a request from the public child welfare agency of the 15 sending state, the receiving state shall initiate an assessment of the proposed 16 placement to determine its safety and suitability. If the proposed placement is 17 a placement with a relative, the public child-placing agency of the sending 18 state may request a determination of whether the placement qualifies as a 19 provisional placement. 20 (e) The public child-placing agency in the receiving state may request from 21 the public child-placing agency or the private-child placing agency in the www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 14 1 sending state and shall be entitled to receive supporting or additional 2 information necessary to complete the assessment. 3 (f) The public child-placing agency in the receiving state shall complete or 4 arrange for the completion of the assessment within the time frames 5 established by the rules of the interstate commission. 6 (g) The interstate commission may develop uniform standards for the 7 assessment of the safety and suitability of interstate placements. 8 § 5956. PLACEMENT AUTHORITY 9 (a) Except as provided in subsection 5954(c) of this chapter, no child 10 subject to this compact shall be placed into a receiving state until approval for 11 such placement is obtained. 12 (b) If the public child-placing agency in the receiving state does not 13 approve the proposed placement, the child shall not be placed. The receiving 14 state shall provide written documentation of any such determination in 15 accordance with the rules adopted by the interstate commission. Such 16 determination is not subject to judicial review in the sending state. 17 (c) If the proposed placement is not approved, any interested party shall 18 have standing to seek an administrative review of the receiving state's 19 determination. www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 15 1 (1) The administrative review and any further judicial review associated 2 with the determination shall be conducted in the receiving state pursuant to its 3 applicable administrative procedures. 4 (2) If a determination not to approve the placement of the child in the 5 receiving state is overturned upon review, the placement shall be deemed 6 approved; provided, however, that all administrative or judicial remedies have 7 been exhausted, or the time for such remedies has passed. 8 § 5957. STATE RESPONSIBILITY 9 (a) For the interstate placement of a child made by a public child-placing 10 agency or state court: 11 (1) The public child-placing agency in the sending state shall have 12 financial responsibility for: 13 (A) the ongoing support and maintenance for the child during the 14 period of the placement, unless otherwise provided for in the receiving state; 15 and 16 (B) as determined by the public child-placing agency in the sending 17 state, services for the child beyond the public services for which the child is 18 eligible in the receiving state. 19 (2) The receiving state shall only have financial responsibility for: 20 (A) any assessment conducted by the receiving state; and www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 16 1 (B) supervision conducted by the receiving state at the level 2 necessary to support the placement as agreed upon by the public child-placing 3 agencies of the receiving and sending states. 4 (3) Nothing in this section shall prohibit public child placing agencies in 5 the sending state from entering into agreements with licensed agencies or 6 persons in the receiving state to conduct assessments and provide supervision. 7 (b) For the placement of a child by a private child-placing agency 8 preliminary to a possible adoption, the private child-placing agency shall be: 9 (1) Legally responsible for the child during the period of placement as 10 provided for in the law of the sending state until the finalization of the 11 adoption. 12 (2) Financially responsible for the child absent a contractual agreement 13 to the contrary. 14 (c) A private child-placing agency shall be responsible for any assessment 15 conducted in the receiving state and any supervision conducted by the 16 receiving state at the level required by the laws of the receiving state or the 17 rules of the interstate commission. 18 (d) The public child-placing agency in the receiving state shall provide 19 timely assessments, as provided for in the rules of the interstate commission. www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 17 1 (e) The public child-placing agency in the receiving state shall provide, or 2 arrange for the provision of, supervision and services for the child, including 3 timely reports, during the period of the placement. 4 (f) Nothing in this compact shall be construed as to limit the authority of 5 the public child-placing agency in the receiving state from contracting with a 6 licensed agency or person in the receiving state for an assessment or the 7 provision of supervision or services for the child or otherwise authorizing the 8 provision of supervision or services by a licensed agency during the period of 9 placement. 10 (g) Each member state shall provide for coordination among its branches of 11 government concerning the state's participation in, and compliance with, the 12 compact and interstate commission activities, through the creation of an 13 advisory council or use of an existing body or board. 14 (h) Each member state shall establish a central state compact office, which 15 shall be responsible for state compliance with the compact and the rules of the 16 interstate commission. 17 (i) The public child placing agency in the sending state shall oversee 18 compliance with the provisions of the Indian Child Welfare Act (25 U.S.C. 19 § 1901 et seq.) for placements subject to the provisions of this compact prior to 20 placement. www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 18 1 (j) With the consent of the interstate commission, states may enter into 2 limited agreements that facilitate the timely assessment and provision of 3 services and supervision of placements under this compact. 4 § 5958. INTERSTATE COMMISSION FOR THE PLACEMENT OF 5 CHILDREN 6 (a) The member states hereby establish, by way of this compact, a 7 commission known as the "interstate commission for the placement of 8 children." The activities of the interstate commission are the formation of 9 public policy and are a discretionary state function. The interstate commission 10 shall: 11 (1) Be a joint commission of the member states and shall have the 12 responsibilities, powers and duties set forth herein, and such additional powers 13 as may be conferred upon it by subsequent concurrent action of the respective 14 legislatures of the member states. 15 (2) Consist of one commissioner from each member state who shall be 16 appointed by the executive head of the state human services administration 17 with ultimate responsibility for the child welfare program. The appointed 18 commissioner shall have the legal authority to vote on policy related matters 19 governed by this compact binding the state. 20 (A) Each member state represented at a meeting of the interstate 21 commission is entitled to one vote. www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 19 1 (B) A majority of the member states shall constitute a quorum for the 2 transaction of business, unless a larger quorum is required by the bylaws of the 3 interstate commission. 4 (C) A representative shall not delegate a vote to another member 5 state. 6 (D) A representative may delegate voting authority to another person 7 from its state for a specified meeting. 8 (3) Establish an executive committee which shall have the authority to 9 administer the day-to-day operations and administration of the interstate 10 commission. It shall not have the power to engage in rulemaking. 11 (b) The interstate commission shall include in addition to the 12 commissioners of each member state, persons who are members of interested 13 organizations as defined in the bylaws or rules of the interstate commission. 14 Such members shall be ex officio and shall not be entitled to vote on any 15 matter before the interstate commission. 16 § 5959. POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE INTERSTATE COMMISSION 17 The interstate commission shall have the following powers: 18 (1) To adopt rules and take all necessary actions to effect the goals, 19 purposes, and obligations as enumerated in this compact. 20 (2) To provide for dispute resolution among member states. www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 20 1 (3) To issue, upon request of a member state, advisory opinions 2 concerning the meaning or interpretation of the interstate compact, its bylaws, 3 rules, or actions. 4 (4) To enforce compliance with this compact or the bylaws or rules of 5 the interstate commission pursuant to section 5962 of this chapter. 6 (5) To collect standardized data concerning the interstate placement of 7 children subject to this compact as directed through its rules which shall 8 specify the data to be collected, the means of collection and data exchange, and 9 reporting requirements. 10 (6) To establish and maintain offices as may be necessary for the 11 transacting of its business. 12 (7) To purchase and maintain insurance and bonds. 13 (8) To hire and contract for services of personnel or consultants as 14 necessary to carry out its functions under the compact and establish personnel 15 qualification policies, and rates of compensation. 16 (9) To establish and appoint committees and officers, including, but not 17 limited to, an executive committee as required by section 5960 of this chapter. 18 (10) To accept any and all donations and grants of money, equipment, 19 supplies, materials, and services, and to receive, utilize, and dispose thereof. 20 (11) To lease, purchase, accept contributions or donations of, or 21 otherwise to own, hold, improve, or use any property, real, personal, or mixed. www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 21 1 (12) To sell, convey, mortgage, pledge, lease, exchange, abandon, or 2 otherwise dispose of any property, real, personal, or mixed. 3 (13) To establish a budget and make expenditures. 4 (14) To adopt a seal and bylaws governing the management and 5 operation of the interstate commission. 6 (15) To report annually to the legislatures, the governors, the judiciary, 7 and state advisory councils of the member states concerning the activities of 8 the interstate commission during the preceding year. Such reports shall also 9 include any recommendations that may have been adopted by the interstate 10 commission. 11 (16) To coordinate and provide education, training, and public 12 awareness regarding the interstate movement of children to officials involved 13 in such activity. 14 (17) To maintain books and records in accordance with the bylaws of 15 the interstate commission. 16 (18) To perform such functions as may be necessary or appropriate to 17 achieve the purposes of this compact. 18 § 5960. ORGANIZATION AND OPERATION OF THE INTERSTATE 19 COMMISSION 20 (a) Bylaws. www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 22 1 (1) Within 12 months after the first interstate commission meeting, the 2 interstate commission shall adopt bylaws to govern its conduct as may be 3 necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes of the compact. 4 (2) The interstate commission's bylaws and rules shall establish 5 conditions and procedures under which the interstate commission shall make 6 its information and official records available to the public for inspection or 7 copying. The interstate commission may exempt from disclosure information 8 or official records to the extent they would adversely affect personal privacy 9 rights or proprietary interests. 10 (b) Meetings. 11 (1) The interstate commission shall meet at least once each calendar 12 year. The chair may call additional meetings and, upon the request of a simple 13 majority of the member states, shall call additional meetings. 14 (2) Public notice shall be given by the interstate commission of all 15 meetings and all meetings shall be open to the public, except as set forth in the 16 rules or as otherwise provided in the compact. The interstate commission and 17 its committees may close a meeting, or portion thereof, where it determines by 18 two-thirds vote that an open meeting would be likely to: 19 (A) relate solely to the interstate commission's internal personnel 20 practices and procedures; www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 23 1 (B) disclose matters specifically exempted from disclosure by federal 2 law; 3 (C) disclose financial or commercial information which is privileged, 4 proprietary, or confidential in nature; 5 (D) involve accusing a person of a crime, or formally censuring a 6 person; 7 (E) disclose information of a personal nature where disclosure would 8 constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy or physically 9 endanger one or more persons; 10 (F) disclose investigative records compiled for law enforcement 11 purposes; or 12 (G) specifically relate to the interstate commission's participation in 13 a civil action or other legal proceeding. 14 (3) For a meeting, or portion of a meeting, closed pursuant to this 15 subsection, the interstate commission's legal counsel or designee shall certify 16 that the meeting may be closed and shall reference each relevant exemption 17 provision. The interstate commission shall keep minutes which shall fully and 18 clearly describe all matters discussed in a meeting and shall provide a full and 19 accurate summary of actions taken, and the reasons therefore, including a 20 description of the views expressed and the record of a roll call vote. All 21 documents considered in connection with an action shall be identified in such www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 24 1 minutes. All minutes and documents of a closed meeting shall remain under 2 seal, subject to release by a majority vote of the interstate commission or by 3 court order. 4 (4) The bylaws may provide for meetings of the interstate commission 5 to be conducted by telecommunication or other electronic communication. 6 (c) Officers and staff. 7 (1) The interstate commission may, through its executive committee, 8 appoint or retain a staff director for such period, upon such terms and 9 conditions and for such compensation as the interstate commission may deem 10 appropriate. The staff director shall serve as secretary to the interstate 11 commission, but shall not have a vote. The staff director may hire and 12 supervise such other staff as may be authorized by the interstate commission. 13 (2) The interstate commission shall elect from among its members a 14 chair and a vice chair of the executive committee and other necessary officers, 15 each of whom shall have such authority and duties as may be specified in the 16 bylaws. 17 (d) Qualified immunity, defense, and indemnification. The interstate 18 commission's staff director and its employees shall be immune from suit and 19 liability, either personally or in their official capacity, for a claim for damage 20 to or loss of property or personal injury or other civil liability caused or arising 21 out of or relating to an actual or alleged act, error, or omission that occurred, or www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 25 1 that such person had a reasonable basis for believing occurred within the scope 2 of commission employment, duties, or responsibilities; provided, that such 3 person shall not be protected from suit or liability for damage, loss, injury, or 4 liability caused by a criminal act or the intentional or willful and wanton 5 misconduct of such person. 6 (1) The liability of the interstate commission's staff director and 7 employees or interstate commission representatives, acting within the scope of 8 such person's employment or duties for acts, errors, or omissions occurring 9 within such person's state may not exceed the limits of liability set forth under 10 the constitution and laws of that state for state officials, employees, and agents. 11 The interstate commission is considered to be an instrumentality of the states 12 for the purposes of any such action. Nothing in this subsection shall be 13 construed to protect such person from suit or liability for damage, loss, injury, 14 or liability caused by a criminal act or the intentional or willful and wanton 15 misconduct of such person. 16 (2) The interstate commission shall defend the staff director and its 17 employees and, subject to the approval of the attorney general or other 18 appropriate legal counsel of the member state, shall defend the commissioner 19 of a member state in a civil action seeking to impose liability arising out of an 20 actual or alleged act, error, or omission that occurred within the scope of 21 interstate commission employment, duties or responsibilities, or that the www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 26 1 defendant had a reasonable basis for believing occurred within the scope of 2 interstate commission employment, duties, or responsibilities, provided that 3 the actual or alleged act, error, or omission did not result from intentional or 4 willful and wanton misconduct on the part of such person. 5 (3) To the extent not covered by the state involved, member state, or the 6 interstate commission, the representatives or employees of the interstate 7 commission shall be held harmless in the amount of a settlement or judgment, 8 including attorney's fees and costs, obtained against such persons arising out 9 of an actual or alleged act, error, or omission that occurred within the scope of 10 interstate commission employment, duties, or responsibilities, or that such 11 persons had a reasonable basis for believing occurred within the scope of 12 interstate commission employment, duties, or responsibilities, provided that 13 the actual or alleged act, error, or omission did not result from intentional or 14 willful and wanton misconduct on the part of such persons. 15 § 5961. RULEMAKING FUNCTIONS OF THE INTERSTATE 16 COMMISSION 17 (a) The interstate commission shall adopt and publish rules in order to 18 effectively and efficiently achieve the purposes of the compact. 19 (b) Rulemaking shall occur pursuant to the criteria set forth in this section 20 and the bylaws and rules adopted pursuant thereto. Such rulemaking shall 21 substantially conform to the principles of the "Model State Administrative www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 27 1 Procedures Act," 1981 Act, Uniform Laws Annotated, Vol. 15, p.1 (2000), or 2 such other administrative procedure acts as the interstate commission deems 3 appropriate consistent with due process requirements under the United States 4 Constitution as now or hereafter interpreted by the U.S. Supreme Court. All 5 rules and amendments shall become binding as of the date specified, as 6 published with the final version of the rule as approved by the interstate 7 commission. 8 (c) When adopting a rule, the interstate commission shall, at a minimum: 9 (1) Publish the proposed rule's entire text stating the reasons for that 10 proposed rule. 11 (2) Allow and invite any and all persons to submit written data, facts, 12 opinions and arguments, which information shall be added to the record, and 13 be made publicly available. 14 (3) Adopt a final rule and its effective date, if appropriate, based on 15 input from state or local officials or interested parties. 16 (d) Rules adopted by the interstate commission shall have the force and 17 effect of statutory law and shall supersede any state law, rule, or regulation to 18 the extent of any conflict. 19 (e) Not later than 60 days after a rule is adopted, an interested person may 20 file a petition in the U.S. district court for the District of Columbia or in the 21 federal district court where the interstate commission's principal office is www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 28 1 located for judicial review of such rule. If the court finds that the interstate 2 commission's action is not supported by substantial evidence in the rulemaking 3 record, the court shall hold the rule unlawful and set it aside. 4 (f) If a majority of the legislatures of the member states rejects a rule, those 5 states may by enactment of a statute or resolution in the same manner used to 6 adopt the compact cause that the rule shall have no further force and effect in 7 any member state. 8 (g) The existing rules governing the operation of the interstate compact on 9 the placement of children superseded by this act shall be null and void no less 10 than 12, but no more than 24 months after the first meeting of the interstate 11 commission created hereunder, as determined by the members during the first 12 meeting. 13 (h) Within the first 12 months of operation, the interstate commission shall 14 adopt rules addressing the following: 15 (1) Transition rules. 16 (2) Forms and procedures. 17 (3) Time lines. 18 (4) Data collection and reporting. 19 (5) Rulemaking. 20 (6) Visitation. 21 (7) Progress reports or supervision, or both. www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 29 1 (8) Sharing of information or confidentiality, or both. 2 (9) Financing of the interstate commission. 3 (10) Mediation, arbitration, and dispute resolution. 4 (11) Education, training, and technical assistance. 5 (12) Enforcement. 6 (13) Coordination with other interstate compacts. 7 (i) Upon determination by a majority of the members of the interstate 8 commission that an emergency exists: 9 (1) The interstate commission may adopt an emergency rule only if it is 10 required to: 11 (A) protect the children covered by this compact from an imminent 12 threat to their health, safety, and well-being; 13 (B) prevent loss of federal or state funds; or 14 (C) meet a deadline for the adoption of an administrative rule 15 required by federal law. 16 (2) An emergency rule shall become effective immediately upon 17 adoption, provided that the usual rulemaking procedures provided hereunder 18 shall be retroactively applied to the rule as soon as reasonably possible, but no 19 later than 90 days after the effective date of the emergency rule. 20 (3) An emergency rule shall be adopted as provided for in the rules of 21 the interstate commission. www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 30 1 § 5962. OVERSIGHT; DISPUTE RESOLUTION; ENFORCEMENT 2 (a) Oversight. 3 (1) The interstate commission shall oversee the administration and 4 operation of the compact. 5 (2) The executive, legislative, and judicial branches of state government 6 in each member state shall enforce this compact and the rules of the interstate 7 commission and shall take all actions necessary and appropriate to effectuate 8 the compact's purposes and intent. The compact and its rules shall supersede 9 state law, rules, or regulations to the extent of any conflict therewith. 10 (3) All courts shall take judicial notice of the compact and the rules in 11 any judicial or administrative proceeding in a member state pertaining to the 12 subject matter of this compact. 13 (4) The interstate commission shall be entitled to receive service of 14 process in any action in which the validity of a compact provision or rule is the 15 issue for which a judicial determination has been sought and shall have 16 standing to intervene in any proceedings. Failure to provide service of process 17 to the interstate commission shall render any judgment, order, or other 18 determination, however so captioned or classified, void as to the interstate 19 commission, this compact, its bylaws, or rules of the interstate commission. 20 (b) Dispute resolution. www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 31 1 (1) The interstate commission shall attempt, upon the request of a 2 member state, to resolve disputes which are subject to the compact and which 3 may arise among member states and between member and nonmember states. 4 (2) The interstate commission shall adopt a rule providing for both 5 mediation and binding dispute resolution for disputes among member states. 6 The costs of such mediation or dispute resolution shall be the responsibility of 7 the parties to the dispute. 8 (c) Enforcement. If the interstate commission determines that a member 9 state has defaulted in the performance of its obligations or responsibilities 10 under this compact, its bylaws or rules, the interstate commission may: 11 (1) Provide remedial training and specific technical assistance. 12 (2) Provide written notice to the defaulting state and other member 13 states, of the nature of the default and the means of curing the default. The 14 interstate commission shall specify the conditions by which the defaulting state 15 must cure its default. 16 (3) By majority vote of the members, initiate against a defaulting 17 member state legal action in the United States district court for the District of 18 Columbia or, at the discretion of the interstate commission, in the federal 19 district where the interstate commission has its principal office, to enforce 20 compliance with the provisions of the compact, its bylaws, or rules. The relief 21 sought may include both injunctive relief and damages. In the event judicial www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 32 1 enforcement is necessary the prevailing party shall be awarded all costs of such 2 litigation including reasonable attorney's fees. 3 (4) Avail itself of any other remedies available under state law or the 4 regulation of official or professional conduct. 5 § 5963. FINANCING OF THE COMMISSION 6 (a) The interstate commission shall pay or provide for the payment of the 7 reasonable expenses of its establishment, organization, and ongoing activities. 8 (b) The interstate commission may levy on and collect an annual 9 assessment from each member state to cover the cost of the operations and 10 activities of the interstate commission and its staff which must be in a total 11 amount sufficient to cover the interstate commission's annual budget as 12 approved by its members each year. The aggregate annual assessment amount 13 shall be allocated based upon a formula to be determined by the interstate 14 commission which shall adopt a rule binding upon all member states. 15 (c) The interstate commission shall not incur obligations of any kind prior 16 to securing the funds adequate to meet the same; nor shall the interstate 17 commission pledge the credit of any of the member states, except by and with 18 the authority of the member state. 19 (d) The interstate commission shall keep accurate accounts of all receipts 20 and disbursements. The receipts and disbursements of the interstate 21 commission shall be subject to the audit and accounting procedures established www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 33 1 under its bylaws. However, all receipts and disbursements of funds handled by 2 the interstate commission shall be audited yearly by a certified or licensed 3 public accountant, and the report of the audit shall be included in and become 4 part of the annual report of the interstate commission. 5 § 5964. MEMBER STATES; EFFECTIVE DATE AND AMENDMENT 6 (a) Any state is eligible to become a member state. 7 (b) The compact shall become effective and binding upon legislative 8 enactment of the compact into law by no fewer than 35 states. The effective 9 date shall be the later of July 1, 2007 or upon enactment of the compact into 10 law by the 35th state. Thereafter it shall become effective and binding as to 11 any other member state upon enactment of the compact into law by that state. 12 The executive heads of the states human services administrations with ultimate 13 responsibility for the child welfare programs of nonmember states or their 14 designees shall be invited to participate in the activities of the interstate 15 commission on a nonvoting basis prior to adoption of the compact by all states. 16 (c) The interstate commission may propose amendments to the compact for 17 enactment by the member states. No amendment shall become effective and 18 binding on the member states unless and until it is enacted into law by 19 unanimous consent of the member states. 20 § 5965. WITHDRAWAL AND DISSOLUTION 21 (a) Withdrawal. www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 34 1 (1) Once effective, the compact shall continue in force and remain 2 binding upon each and every member state; provided, that a member state may 3 withdraw from the compact, specifically repealing the statute which enacted 4 the compact into law. 5 (2) Withdrawal from this compact shall be by the enactment of a statute 6 repealing the same. The effective date of withdrawal shall be the effective date 7 of the repeal of the statute. 8 (3) The withdrawing state shall immediately notify the president of the 9 interstate commission in writing upon the introduction of legislation repealing 10 this compact in the withdrawing state. The interstate commission shall then 11 notify the other member states of the withdrawing state's intent to withdraw. 12 (4) The withdrawing state is responsible for all assessments, obligations, 13 and liabilities incurred through the effective date of withdrawal. 14 (5) Reinstatement following withdrawal of a member state shall occur 15 upon the withdrawing state reenacting the compact or upon such later date as 16 determined by the members of the interstate commission. 17 (b) Dissolution of compact. 18 (1) This compact shall dissolve effective upon the date of the 19 withdrawal or default of the member state which reduces the membership in 20 the compact to one member state. www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 35 1 (2) Upon the dissolution of this compact, the compact becomes null and 2 void and shall be of no further force or effect, the business and affairs of the 3 interstate commission shall be concluded, and surplus funds shall be 4 distributed in accordance with the bylaws. 5 § 5966. SEVERABILITY AND CONSTRUCTION 6 (a) The provisions of this compact shall be severable, and, if any phrase, 7 clause, sentence, or provision is deemed unenforceable, the remaining 8 provisions of the compact shall be enforceable. 9 (b) The provisions of this compact shall be liberally construed to effectuate 10 its purposes. 11 (c) Nothing in this compact shall be construed to prohibit the concurrent 12 applicability of other interstate compacts of which the states are members. 13 § 5967. BINDING EFFECT OF COMPACT AND OTHER LAWS 14 (a) Other laws. 15 (1) Nothing herein prevents the enforcement of any other law of a 16 member state that is not inconsistent with this compact. 17 (2) All member states' laws conflicting with this compact or its rules are 18 superseded to the extent of the conflict. 19 (b) Binding effect of the compact. www.leg.state.vt.us BILL AS INTRODUCED S.99 2007 Page 36 1 (1) All lawful actions of the interstate commission, including all rules 2 and bylaws adopted by the interstate commission, are binding upon the 3 member states. 4 (2) All agreements between the interstate commission and the member 5 states are binding in accordance with their terms. 6 (3) In the event any provision of this compact exceeds the constitutional 7 limits imposed on the legislature of any member state, such provision shall be 8 ineffective to the extent of the conflict with the constitutional provision in 9 question in that member state. 10 § 5968. INDIAN TRIBES 11 Notwithstanding any other provision in this compact, the interstate 12 commission may adopt guidelines to permit Indian tribes to utilize the compact 13 to achieve any or all of the purposes of the compact as specified in section 14 5951 of this title. The interstate commission shall make reasonable efforts to 15 consult with Indian tribes in adopting guidelines to reflect the diverse 16 circumstances of the various Indian tribes. www.leg.state.vt.us
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Our family has worked closely with Allstate for years to help people with their insurance needs – from homes to auto to boats and more. Our quality, service-oriented agency is not only owned and operated by a family, customers tell us we make them feel like family too.
I'm proud to say I work with a financially sound and stable company like Allstate. They've been helping to protect families and their assets since 1931. Today, you can choose from more than auto and home insurance. You can also find products that can help you with your financial goals.
I'm committed to helping you protect what you have today and prepare for tomorrow. I understand the importance of thinking about the "big picture" when it comes to your financial future. From life insurance to retirement, I'm committed to helping you reach your financial goals.
Gary P. Fryer
19536 Club House Rd
Gaithersburg, MD, 20886
Send Me An Email

subset: commoncrawl


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Gallery: The World's Largest Cardboard Christmas Tree Springs up in Lon...
Giles Miller has wooed us with his intricate cardboard creations before, and now he's brought us the world's largest cardboard Christmas tree! Standing at roughly 20 feet in the Design Museum London's public atrium, the tree is comprised of no fewer than 3,600 individually-cut, handmade cardboard pieces. Similar to a fake evergreen, these pieces can be arranged around a central shaft to give the branches that fluid, swirling motion so essential to the nature of a real Christmas tree. Smaller versions of these incredible creations, which Giles designed exclusively for the Design Museum, are on sale to the public. More details after the jump.
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Tuesday, June 30, 2015
Envoys of governments that plan to join a mainland China-led Asian bank endorsed a structure Monday that gives Beijing the biggest voting stake at the start but no veto power.
European stocks dropped on Monday as investors feared Greece could be heading for a eurozone exit, while fallout from the Tunisia attacks hit the travel sector.
Oil prices dropped on Monday, tracking a sell-off in global equity markets and the euro caused by fears of a Greek debt default, analysts said.
The European single currency briefly dropped below US$1.1 on Monday as investors grow concerned Greece is headed for a debt default and a possible eurozone exit.
Monday, June 29, 2015
Greece's five-year financial crisis took its most dramatic turn yet, with the cabinet deciding after an 8-hour session that Greek banks would remain shut for six business days and restrictions would be imposed on cash withdrawals.
Friday, June 26, 2015
Saudi Arabia signed agreements worth billions of dollars on Wednesday to buy helicopters, Airbus jets and two possible nuclear reactors from France.
Asian markets turned negative Thursday on concerns about Greece's debt reform after talks between the country's officials and creditors fell apart and its leader accused them of rejecting his proposals.1 Comment
The euro held on to gains on Thursday as market players waited for fresh news from marathon talks over a bailout deal for Greece.
Oil prices were mixed in Asia on Thursday following a bearish U.S. energy report, while talks over crude producer Iran's nuclear program dragged on, analysts said.
Thursday, June 25, 2015
Asian markets rose for a third straight day Wednesday, with Tokyo hitting a more than 18-year high, on confidence Greece will finally hammer out a bailout reform deal with creditors and avert a default.


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The word of wisdom is strongly connected with who we are as Mormons—it has become as much an identifier as pork is for Jews and for Muslims. We emphasize the importance of this teaching in lessons like the current Gospel Doctrine lesson (#22), and we teach it to kids almost from birth. But while section 89 was received by Joseph Smith in 1833, it really didn't become an identifying characteristic of Mormons until past 1900 and, as I understand it, was only included among the Temple recommend questions in the 1950s. It is perhaps no surprise, then, that it... Read more »
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You can now invite anyone to meet at your favorite Starbucks.
Limited-time feature
50 year old man | Woodland, CA, USA | Seeking women 40-50 within 50 miles
Help me, help you, make a great story to tell our friends!
Let's see........I should start by saying I am sincere and honest! I call it like I see it! Honesty is the best policy. I am 5'9" and 175 with hazel/green eyes and brown hair. I enjoy cooking.........hate doing dishes though (honest!). I spend a fair amount of time and energy in my own business. I spend a lot of time cooking and trying different foods. Love to go wine tasting, love the mountains. Would love to be able to find someone that share the same Interest as I do... I enjoy being alone as well as with a crowd. I have no trouble at all meeting people and making new friends. my match? You should have similar interests..... I really would like to find someone to spend quality time with, I want a companion. I am always around people, and always make people laugh, sometimes to the point of having a beverage coming through the nose! Love to make people laugh, love to have a good time. I am a bit twisted with my sense of humor, very quick witted, always thinking ahead. I need to find a woman to fill this void I have in my life, someone to make me complete. I know you are out there!
Camping , Coffee and conversation , Business networking , Cooking , Dining out , Hobbies and crafts , Movies/Videos , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Nightclubs/Dancing , Performing arts , Travel/Sightseeing , Watching sports , Wine tasting
Auto racing / Motorcross, Baseball, Basketball, Billiards / Pool, Bowling, Dancing, Football, Other types of exercise, Skiing, Walking / Hiking
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
I like Dogs
Would have to say I like to hit the little "out of the way" places...Seem to have the best atmosphere and usually the best food too! "Hot Spots" are made in our minds! Any place can be a hot spot!
Fav to eat...AUTHENTIC mexican! Love it! Its hard to find good authentic Mexican food. Love all kinds of music, foods....life is one of my favorite things!
For Fun...I runa motorcycle Parts and accessories business on the side! I have a regular JOE job and then I tend to business after work! I spend a lot of free time doing bike shows and traveling. I also like to ride! Have my own Harley!
Last thing I read was this question! I read a lot of motorcycle magazines as well as cook books....like to try and keep up with industries standards and trends!
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What he is looking for
|5'9" (175cms)
|4'1" (124cms) to 6'0" (182cms)
|Body type:
|About average
|Slender, About average, Curvy, Athletic and toned
|Black, Blue, Brown, Grey, Green, Hazel
|Dark brown
|Auburn / Red, Black, Light brown, Dark brown, Blonde, Dark blonde
|No Way
|No Way, Occasionally, Cigar aficionado
|Social Drinker, Regularly, Moderately
|Political / Govt / Civil Service / Military
|No preference
I work for the water district in Yolo county.
|$35,001 to $50,000
|No preference
|Never Married, Widow / Widower, Currently Separated, Divorced
|Have kids:
|Yes, and they live away from home (1)
|No, Yes, and they live away from home, Yes, and they live at home
|Wants kids:
|Probably not
|Not sure, Probably not, No
|White / Caucasian
|No preference
|Christian / Catholic
|No preference
Used to attend church every Sunday...NOW I think about going once in awhile...does that count???
|Bachelors degree
|High school, Some college, Associates degree, Bachelors degree, Graduate degree, PhD / Post Doctoral
I went to school at Sac state..however its been a few years..........I also went to chico state for a few weekends! Probably the best education ever!


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Big Game (2015)
Review: 'Big Game' Stars Samuel L. Jackson as a President in Dire Straits
Tuesday, June 30, 2015
Each week, the movie critics of The Times recommend a selection of films for the Movies section of NYTimes.com. The recommendations are based solely on that critic's personal opinion of the film. Below are films recommended by the three main critics of The Times: Manohla Dargis, A. O. Scott and Stephen Holden, along with other critics who review films for the Arts section of the newspaper.
(Original release dates listed after movie titles.)
Review: 'Big Game' Stars Samuel L. Jackson as a President in Dire Straits
Review: In 'A Borrowed Identity,' Hearts Torn Between 2 Worlds in Israel
Review: In 'A Little Chaos,' a Guileless Kate Winslet Offsets a Lavish Versailles
Review: Pixar's 'Inside Out' Finds the Joy in Sadness, and Vice Versa
Review: 'Eden,' a D.J.'s Passion for Electronic Music, by Mia Hansen-Love
(Original release dates listed after movie titles.)
A Fury Arrives. Hypocrisy, Too.
Review: Kristen Wiig as a Troubled Lottery Winner in 'Welcome to Me'
Just After Lake Placid, Things Improved
Review: In 'Gett: The Trial of Viviane Amsalem,' a Woman Fights for Her Freedom
Review: In 'Cupcakes,' an Impromptu Cellphone Video Is Noticed
All Picks From Manohla Dargis »
All Picks From Stephen Holden »


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What's the History of the Irish Car Bomb?
The Irish car bomb (a shot of Irish whiskey and Irish cream dropped into a pint of Guinness) is a standard St. Patrick's Day cocktail, though its origins aren't commonly known.
The Irish car bomb (a shot of Irish whiskey and Irish cream dropped into a pint of Guinness) is a standard St. Patrick's Day cocktail, though its origins aren't commonly known.
The Relay for Life is coming up again this year and Liberty Bottleworks out of Union Gap have teamed up with the American Cancer Society to give you a chance to help fight cancer.
With St. Patrick's Day falling on a weekend this year (Sunday, March 17th) most restaurants, bars and pubs will be teeming with revelers who are all Irish for, at least, one day.
As the grandson of an Irishman myself whose family considers this holiday one of the top of the calendar year, I have certainly spent my fair share partying every March 17th.
Here are some of my top picks in Yakima to spend your holiday at:
Hellyeah and All That Remains With Special Guests Nonpoint will be live at the Knitting Factory Saturday, March 30, 2013! Vinnie Paul coming to Washington! I can't wait!
Earlier this morning I had the opportunity to talk to comedian Tommy Savitt on "The Big Show". Tommy will be one of the featured comedians at the "Sweetheart Comedy Soiree`" at the Seasons Performance Hall on Friday, February 15th.
Data compiled by the National Retail Federation shows that over 179 million people will be tuning into the Super Bowl on Sunday. That figure represents the most ever.
Of those who watch the game, a whopping 7.5 million people will purchase a new television before the game which is up substantially from last year (5.1 million).
This is the ultimate 'Big Game' drinking chart! I am pretty sure that the average person will be wasted in about 15 minutes with all of the rules!
The 29th annual Peace March in remembrance of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. will be held today beginning at noon.
Don't sweat searching for the perfect gift for your special Valentine this year. We'll help provide a great date night out with all the right touches. February 15th the Seasons Performance Hall will be the host of the "Sweethearts Comedy Soiree" complete with Laughs, Roses, Chocolate, Food, Drinks, Photo Booth and Fun!
Earlier this morning on "The Big Show" I was pleasantly surprised to get an early visit from Jolly 'Ol St. Nicholas.
Santa Claus stopped by the studio to see if I had been being a naughty or nice D.J. (for the record, "Naughty") He also took questions from the listeners like this one via our Facebook page from Rachelle Welch-Tahsequah:
Mark Tremonti has been voted in the top 20 Metal Guitarist of all time by Total Guitar!
Payge, Zoe and Myself had to go out in the snow!


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Love Thy Neighbor:
Without a stitch of clothing on, Sam heads into the kitchen of his shared apartment with Danny to grab breakfast. Unbeknownst to Sam, Danny has given his mother, Linda, a key to their apartment, and she walks right into a very uncomfortable encounter.
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2015 Bowiefest at Allen Pond the St. Matthew's United Methodist Church, Bowie, Md. 20715 group energetically connected with over 100 … [See More]
St. Matthew's will again celebrate summer by adding the Garden Service to the Sunday worship schedule. The services will be held at … [See More]
G-Force: God's Love in Action. July 13-17, 2015 6:30 p.m. - 8:30 p.m. For : Children Age 3 by Sept. 1, 2014 through those just … [See More]
7 Weeks of Small-Group Studies This Summer! Come Explore What the Bible Has to Say About Some of the Most Controversial Issues of … [See More]
Homeowners in Bowie have formed a Solar Co-op. Through a process based on community engagement, we will use our collective buying power … [See More]
We are an active, vibrant congregation, and there are many opportunities to serve at St. Matthew's. If you've been waiting for … [See More]
This is St. Matthew's mission statement. What do YOU think it means to live like Jesus? Share your thoughts and see what others are … [See More]
Each Wednesday at 7pm we gather in the Sanctuary for a Simple Service that includes readings, hymns, and candle lighting. This … [See More]
7:30 Garden Service
8:30 & 11:00 a.m. Worship Service
(Childcare provided)
Wednesday 7:00pm
Copyright © 2015 St. Matthew's United Methodist Church · 14900 Annapolis Rd, Bowie MD 20715 (301) 262-1408


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STAGE TUBE: Final Training Days Before Hines Ward Becomes an IRONMAN
In the tenth episode of the BECOME ONE documentary series, Hines Ward heads back to Atlanta for his final training days before the IRONMAN World Championship. Up until this point, Hines has checked off all the boxes and done everything right. However, four weeks out from race day, Hines Ward deals with his first major setback on his road to becoming an IRONMAN. His coach, and eight-time IRONMAN World Champion Paula Newby-Fraser heads to Atlanta to assess the damage and test his fitness level before heading to Kona. Check out the video below!
Read an exclusive interview from BWW with Hines Ward here.
Fans can follow Ward's training and recovery journey by tuning into the online documentary series, BECOME ONE, at www.gotchocolatemilk.com.
About Author
- STAGE TUBE: Watch Blooper Real from Season 4 of HBO's GAME OF THRONES!
- STAGE TUBE: Idina Menzel, Glom Gazingo Bury the Hatchet at Oscars
- STAGE TUBE: John Legend, Common Perform 'Glory' from SELMA at Oscars
- STAGE TUBE: Jennifer Hudson Pays Tribute to Those Lost with Shaiman, Wittman Song
- STAGE TUBE: Rita Ora Performs 'Grateful' from BEYOND THE LIGHTS at Oscars
- STAGE TUBE: Neil Patrick Harris Strips Down in Ode to BIRDMAN, WHIPLASH
- STAGE TUBE: Tim McGraw Pays Tribute to Glen Campbell with 'I'm Not Gonna Miss You' at Oscars
- STAGE TUBE: The Lonely Island, Tegan and Sara Perform 'Everything Is Awesome' at Oscars
- STAGE TUBE: Adam Levine, Maroon 5 Sing Nominated Song 'Lost Stars' from BEGIN AGAIN
- STAGE TUBE: New Clip from Upcoming Season of Fox's HELL'S KITCHEN!


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In her second Newbery Honor Book about Ramona (the first was Ramona and Her Father), Beverly Cleary presents another slice of the Quimby family life. Author of more than two dozen children's books, Cleary has a true knack for understanding the tangle of thoughts and emotions in a child's mind and heart. Empathic, witty, and astute, she has earned many other awards, including the Newbery Medal for Dear Mr. Henshaw. Alan Tiegreen's clever line drawings have charmed countless readers of Cleary's books over the years, and his style is now inextricably tied to hers. (Ages 8 to 12) --Emilie Coulter
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I think the best part about this book is the ending Romana turns out happy and satisfied with her life and loving family.Published 5 days ago by Tiana Santos
My kids love this book. It is one of their favorites. My kids ages are 5,7, and 8. Humor is funny and the story is interesting for their age level.Published 21 days ago by Lisa S
A nice man paid for their dinner at a restaurant and this made me like the book even more! I really liked it!Published 28 days ago by bboneal2000
This is a funny book, that shows how a real family is. I'm glad I read it. Thanks Ramona for another great book.Published 28 days ago by Deborah E. Cooper
It is a nice short story in the ramona quimby series it's short and great for kids who what's a book that you can read in a dayPublished 2 months ago by dezry
I read Ramona books as a child, and my daughter loves them just as much! Ramona is a fun character with lots of spunk. The book literally will have the reader laughing out loud!!!Published 2 months ago by Critique Shopper
I have loved reading this book to my children 20 + years ago and thought it would be great for my grandchildren in the car, but it seems rather dull. Read morePublished 2 months ago by Lorna D. Duncan


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Milk-Chocolate-Frosted Layer Cake
This cake from Karina Gowing, the pastry chef at Arrows Restaurant in Ogunquit, Maine, is perfection for anyone who loves frosting. The ultracreamy icing, which is almost like a milk-chocolate ganache, gets spread liberally over layers of light, delicate, cocoa-flavored cake.
Total Time:
Level: Moderate
Yield: One 9-inch-square layer cake
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- 1.25 c. cake flour
- 0.25 c. Unsweetened cocoa powder
- 0.50 tsp. baking powder
- 2 stick unsalted butter
- 0.50 c. whole milk
- 6 large eggs
- 1 c. sugar
- 1 pinch salt
- 1.50 c. heavy cream
- 1.50 lb. milk chocolate
- Shaved milk chocolate
- Preheat oven to 325°. Butter and flour two 9-inch-square cake pans.
- In a medium bowl, whisk cake flour, cocoa, and baking powder. In a medium saucepan, melt butter in milk over low heat. Transfer to a large bowl and let cool slightly. Whisk in egg yolks and 1/2 cup of the sugar. Add the dry ingredients and whisk until smooth.
- In a clean bowl, beat egg whites with salt until soft peaks form. Gradually add remaining 1/2 cup sugar and beat at medium-high speed until whites are stiff and glossy. Fold beaten whites into the batter until no streaks remain. Divide batter between the pans and bake for 25 minutes, until the cakes are springy and a toothpick inserted in the centers comes out clean. Transfer the cakes to a rack and let cool completely.
- Meanwhile, in a medium saucepan, bring cream to a simmer. Put chocolate in a heatproof bowl and pour hot cream on top. Let stand for 3 minutes, then whisk until smooth. Let frosting stand at room temperature, stirring occasionally, until thick enough to spread, about 1 hour.
- Turn the cakes out of the pans and put one layer on a plate. Top with 1 cup of frosting, spreading it to the edge. Top with the second layer and spread remaining frosting over the top and sides. Let the cake stand at room temperature for about 30 minutes before cutting into squares.
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7 Dixie-Cup Popsicles You Cannot Fail at Making
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You can now invite anyone to meet at your favorite Starbucks.
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30 year old man | Riverside, CA, USA | Seeking women 21-31 within 50 miles
Looking for some one laid back and fun to be around.
Hi my name is Scott. I'm a full time student studying mechanical engineering. I love it but also means I don't have a lot of time, but when I do I like to relax by going camping, hiking, fishing. But I also like to just stay home from time to time. I'm looking for a girl that enjoys some of the things I do. Likes to go out to dinner and a movie but also doesn't mind staying home and watching a movie on the couch next to a fire.
Camping , Coffee and conversation , Dining out , Fishing/Hunting , Movies/Videos , Travel/Sightseeing , Volunteering , Watching sports
Auto racing / Motorcross, Billiards / Pool, Football, Walking / Hiking
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
I like Dogs, Fish, Horses
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, Pomona, CA
camping, hiking, backpacking, off-roading,
math and engineering books. Don't have much time for anything else
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What he is looking for
|5'11" (180cms)
|4'11" (149cms) to 5'11" (180cms)
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H-E-Double Hockey Sticks!
Not Yet Rated| 1 hr. 36 min.
Plot Summary
An apprentice devil (Will Friedle) who must obtain the soul of a rookie hockey player (Gabrielle Union) begins to question his mission.
Cast: Will Friedle , Matthew Lawrence , Gabrielle Union , Shawn Pyfrom , Tara Spencer-Nairn , Kim Griest , Brad Nessler , Kevin McNulty
Director: Randall Miller
Genres: Comedy


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Real, honest-to-goodness holograms are a thing now
If you're retiring soon, take these steps now
Join the NASDAQ Community today and get free, instant access to portfolios, stock ratings, real-time alerts, and more!
GenMark Diagnostics Inc.
), a leader in multiplex molecular test systems increased its
revenue guidance for the second quarter and full-year 2012. For the
second quarter, it now expects revenue to be in the range of $3.2
million to $3.6 million. It also expects more than $15.0 million
revenue compared with its earlier guidance of more than $10.0
million for 2012.
The revision is primarily based on its strong year-to-date
performance. The revised second quarter guidance implies a
sequential revenue growth rate in the band of 48.2%-66.7%. The 2012
guidance implies more than three-fold year-over-year jump in
Management stated that the sound strategy execution has
increased market penetration of its products. Given the increase in
the utilization rate of its testing system, coupled with estimated
growth on the back of test menu expansion, management has raised
its revenue guidance. Demand for the company's products has been
stronger than prior expectations, thereby reflecting a dynamic and
robust growth opportunity. The upturn in guidance is in fact
aligned to market expectations.
The Zacks Consensus Estimate for the second quarter and full
year are $3 million and $13 million, respectively. Thus, company
guidance exceeds the Zacks Consensus Estimate for both the periods.
We expect a positive estimate revision in the near-term, based on
the company's optimistic view.
Net loss from operations and the company's failure to achieve
profitable growth remains an overhang. The operating expenses are
expected to increase in the coming years as the company attempts to
expand its customer base and increase research and development
expenditure to upgrade its technology. Increasing competition from
Gen-Probe Inc.
) and
Nanosphere Inc
. (
) is also a matter of concern.
However, the rigorous sales and marketing efforts coupled with
production efficiency is expected to yield positive results for
GenMark. The favorable market conditions and extended customer base
are also expected to boost the company's top-line. The stock
currently retains a Zacks #2 Rank, which implies a short-term Buy
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A full-service digital agency approach to grow your brand online
Let us help make your business top Google search results for the services or products you offer.
We specialise in web development and in web design with the goal of increasing conversion rates and generate more leads.
If you are a business owner looking to build a website that is easy to use, functional, convenient to maintain.
A full-service digital agency approach to grow your brand online
As Arroma Internation Inc. looks to expand and grow the business, they should go through the process of developing an export business plan, which will not only help them in deciding on what new markets they should enter, but will also assist them in many other facets of the business as well. When looking to enter a new market, it is important for a company to create an export business plan that accounts for the numerous elements of doing business in a foreign market.
DOEL SOURCING LIMITED is a garment manufacturing and trading company which provide the complete supply chain management and a one stop solution in clothing business out of Bangladesh. DSL is always executes the orders as per the buyer's requirement. Factory produces T-shirts, polo shirts, tank top, sweet shirts, basic t-shirts, long sleeve, high neck, ladies dress etc. It holds the quality, quantity and on time delivery under the supervision of DSL. We would like to inform you that we are the supplier for all kind of clothing.
MTECH Compatible Toner is launched in Bangladesh since in 2012 under Multilink International Co. Ltd. as demand of Compatible Toner Market and services to the small, medium and large companies from consultancy, hardware distribution.
One of my friends found out Optimal IT Ltd for development of a software and website. It's a firm owned by young professionals dedicated to achieve results. I was impressed seeing their creativity and commitment. They could give a software and website within time and I am still with them for my bigger project " My Academy". You can visit www.myacademybd.com to see their works. It is the biggest educational web portal in Bangladesh. If your children wants quality education, this is the place for you. here, education is fun, easy, organized, anytime and every where. They have developed another website for my resort. You can also see their performance at www.baganbilashbd.com. I trusted them and anybody may trust them for challenging projects.Major ATKM Iqbal,psc (Retd), Chairman and CEO, My Academy My Academy
Optimal IT is one of the best companies in Web Development field. Their support, innovation, quality of work are very unique and wonderful. The full team is so polite and talented. All there developers and the designers are just awesome. They just can read your imagination and can create what you really want. Great works within a very short time can only be done by Optimal. Best of luck to Optimal and to the team.Sadia Sadat Rahman Aman Group of Companies Limited
"Optimal IT Limited has been a tremendous resource in helping us organize our financial affairs, think about our long-term goals, and move in the right direction to achieve those goals. We are very grateful to Optimal IT Limited. Chris Baker is a fair, honest, and diligent professional and who always made himself readily available if we had questions. We will continue to recommend Optimal IT Limited to family and friends."Sumon Aziz Optimation


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Why West Ham fans must be wary of a billionaire takeover after Olympic Stadium move
With the announcement that West Ham have agreed to sell Upton Park, the move to the Olympic Stadium took another huge step to becoming a reality.
Hammers need a change in manager.
Ok, well it's not THE 200m world record...
James Tomkins can become one of the best defenders in the Premier League - but will he?
Twitter firestorm turns out to be real-world damp squib
With the announcement of 2014-15's fixtures later this week - yes, already - the minds of football fans will temporarily return from Brazil to domestic matters.
Ticket prices for West Ham, along with other London clubs, have been labelled 'ridiculous' but will the club reduce prices once West Ham start playing in the Olympic Stadium?


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Will this work with SDHC 4 memory card ?
This card has both video footage and photo on it , the SD card is from my DVR.
- Asked by Jamie A
Lightning to SD Card Camera Reader
Product No Longer Available
1 Answer from the Community
Best Answer:
Assuming your "4" means 4 Gb, then yes - card capacity and HC or not is not an issue for the reader.
Alan J, Stourbridge
- Answered by Alan J


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Vacuum Filters
Did you know that filters that are clogged may severely impact your vacuum cleaner's performance? They help maintain strong suction and also help pick up dirt effectively. It is important to replace your filter every six to 12 months depending on the brand and you cleaning frequency. The various types of filters include exhaust filters, air inlet filters, motor filters and HEPA filters. You need to follow the recommendations for filter replacement based on the cleaning system brand. HEPA filters are the best option for allergy sufferers because they are designed to remove fine particles from the air including mold spores, smoke, dust and mites. It is recommended that you change the filter of your cleaning system outside your home to prevent re-release of spores and dust to the air in your home. Known to filter up to 99.97% of dust particles, HEPA filters can cut down the amount of dust you inhale drastically. Keeping your vacuum cleaner free from blockages and obstructions by replacing its filters regularly not only ensure a top performing vacuuming cleaning system but also reduced incidence of allergies. It is recommended that you replace damaged vacuum cleaner components, including bags or filters at the earliest.
Welcome to GoVacuum.com. We are a leading online supplier of residential and commercial vacuum cleaning systems and accessories including filters, HEPA filters, accessories and replacement parts for leading brands of vacuum cleaners. Shop with us confidently when you need to stock, proven and durable replacement parts. Do the many models on the market leave your head feeling like it's in a vacuum? Fret not, we have featured video reviews and also have an updated blog that will help you find the best vacuum cleaning system and replacement part. Learn what features to look for and also the pitfalls to avoid when shopping for a vacuum cleaner filter or other replacement parts online.
Fantom HEPA Filter Cartridge$43.75Fantom Lightning Hepa Filter. Only needs to be changed every one to two years depending on its usage. Also fits the Kenmore Destiny canister. Learn More
Smart Choice Fantom Twister Upright HEPA Filter XFH760$10.99Smart Choice products are manufactured by Electrolux USA. This brand are high quality replacement filters and bags, and usually have the same, if not better quality then the original manufacturers products, but at half the price. This filter is the exhaus Learn More
Lindhaus Filtrete Filter - 5.5" x 4.5"$8.95This electrostatic Filtrete Micro Filter traps very small particles, making the exhaust air even cleaner than the normal air in the room. Filtrete is designed for those desiring outstanding filtration but who do not have dust related sensitivities which r Learn More
Lindhaus Filtrete Filter - 6.9" x 4"$8.95This electrostatic Filtrete Micro Filter traps very small particles, making the exhaust air even cleaner than the normal air in the room. Filtrete is designed for those desiring outstanding filtration but who do not have dust related sensitivities which r Learn More
Lindhaus Vacuum Cleaner Exhaust Filters - 12 Pack$42.09Lindhaus vacuum cleaner microfiltration exhaust filters fits Healthcare Pro, RX, Valzer, and Activa series upright vacuum cleaners. Can be used instead of the standard exhaust filter for even cleaner air. Antiseptic treatment on filter to help eliminate bacteria, fungus and dust mites on contact. Genuine Lindhaus vacuum part. Learn More
Lindhaus Vacuum Cleaner Filtrete Filter$8.78Lindhaus Vacuum Cleaner Filtrete Filter fits DP5 (not HEPA) and DP5 Evolution series uprightsDP5 (not HEPA) and DP5 Evolution series upright vacuum cleaners. Measures 3 1/16 x 2 3/8 inches and fits in the frames on the sides of the vacuum's main body. Each vacuum requires two filters like this one. Genuine Lindhaus vacuum part. Learn More
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