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Motherboards Posts - Page 87
IWill KK266+ Motherboard Review
For those not yet willing to take the plunge into the DDR arena, there is still a lot of boards to be had that use your older RAM. Head on over to OC Tools and see what they had to say about one such board; namely the IWill KK266+ Motherboard. here's a snip:
"Iwill has clearly perfected the KT133A board with their KK266plus. Overclocks above 160mhz is not rare with this board as seen on this retail box when matched with superior SDRAM like Corsair PC150 or Mushkin REV3. With all the pluses that goes with the motherboard like the onboard 6 channel sound and Iwill Microstepping, the KK266+ is the best KT133A Socket A board available for your AMD chip. I know DDR is just around the corner but the KK266's benchmark scores speaks for itself. Compare it and you will see for yourself."
Continue reading 'IWill KK266+ Motherboard Review' (full post)
Asus A7V266 Motherboard Review
The VIA KT266 chipset has come far in the past months, and the folks over at Overclockers Australia want to show you their take of the Asus A7V266 Motherboard. here's a snip:
"While many gamers and overclockers have the A7M266 and have been very happy with it, many were disappointed that multiplier adjustments weren't included (unless you do the solder job on the board and effectively destroy your warranty and/or the board). The A7V266 does it right this time with both dipswitch and BIOS options for V-Core, Multiplier, FSB and also RAM voltage. The FSB is adjustable with 1MHz increments and the board also has adjustable FSB/PCI/MEM ratios."
Continue reading 'Asus A7V266 Motherboard Review' (full post)
AOpen AK77Plus Motherboard Review
The Tech Zone wants to share the news concerning the AOpen AK77Plus Motherboard. It uses the KT266 chipset and some DDR memory.
Continue reading 'AOpen AK77Plus Motherboard Review' (full post)
Tyan K7 Thunder Motherboard Review
AMD World has finished testing the Tyan K7 Thunder Motherboard and they want to tell you all about it. Can it maintain the high standards of previous Tyan boards? Only way to find out is to check it out for yourself.
Continue reading 'Tyan K7 Thunder Motherboard Review' (full post)
Soyo SY-K7V Dragon Motherboard Review for September 21, 2001
Tweakers Asylum has just posted a review of the Soyo SY-K7V Dragon Motherboard for your viewing pleasure. here's a snip:
"As far as motherboards are concerned, Soyo has typically been an "OEM" style of manufacturer. The Soyo SY-K7V Dragon not only breaks this tradition, it completely shatters it. Based on the VIA KT266 chipset, the Soyo SY-K7V Dragon is able to offer the end user several useful features.
Continue reading 'Soyo SY-K7V Dragon Motherboard Review for September 21, 2001' (full post)
Epox 8K7A+ Motherboard Review
OcPrices has just posted a review of the Epox 8K7A Motherboard which uses some DDR memory with the AMD-761 chipset. here's a snip:
"On Monday we put out a review of the low priced DFI AK76-SN and overall we were happy with it: it provided good performance, decent overclockability and good features. However, today we will take a look at the Epox 8K7A+, a motherboard that has all possible features, even RAID, on board. Reviews and reports about this motherboard have been very positive, so I was looking forward to reviewing it. And believe me, I have not been let down..."
Continue reading 'Epox 8K7A+ Motherboard Review' (full post)
IWill BD133u Motherboard Review for September 18, 2001
For those who are wanting the Tualatin ready boards, head on over to Active Hardware and take a peek at their review of the IWill BD133u Motherboard. here's a snip:
"The Iwill BD133u motherboard is based around the i815EP B stepping chipset, which makes it compatible with Intel Pentium 3 "Tualatin" processors. The BD133u is in fact the 3rd such board we've received for review, and comes with a reasonable range of Overclocking functions - something we couldn't say about the previous two "Tualatin" boards we received (such as the Intel Easton2). Furthermore, the BD133u comes with an onboard soundcard based on theC-Media CM18738 audio chip which is enough to make the Iwill BD133u a very interesting board to review."
Continue reading 'IWill BD133u Motherboard Review for September 18, 2001' (full post)
IWill KD266 Motherboard Review
Rizenet has posted a review on the IWill KD266 Motherboard, but don't be confused by the model number. It does not work off the KT266 chipset, but one from Ali. here's a snip:
"The KD266 from Iwill is a rather unique motherboard, at least in regards of the chipset it uses, the ALi M1649. If you go to the ALi website you won't even find that chipset listed, but you will find the KD266 listed as an ALiMAGIK motherboard. that's right, the M1649 is nothing but a ALiMAGIK without DDR-RAM support. Why would anyone sell a DDR-RAM chipset without the ability to use DDR-RAM? The answer, as it often is, is money. Just like Intel with the i815E and i815EP, its easier and cheaper just to use a design you already have and just change a little bit of the manufacturing process."
Continue reading 'IWill KD266 Motherboard Review' (full post)
DFI AK76-SN Motherboard Review
The folks over at OcPrices have just finished posting a review of the DFI AK76-SN Motherboard. here's a snip:
"First thing to note is that there seems to be good room around the CPU. The OCZ Gladiator was an easy fit and the way the capacitors are placed, you should be able to stick a large cooler on without any problems. The board has support for coolers that, like the Swiftech MC462 or the Zalman 5000-series, are placed on the motherboard itself through 4 holes."
Continue reading 'DFI AK76-SN Motherboard Review' (full post)
IWill DVD266u-RN Motherboard Review for September 17, 2001
Want dual processors? Want dual Intel Tualatin processors? Then head on over to accelenation and check out their review of the IWill DVD266u-RN Motherboard and see if this little beast is the answer. here's a snip:
"I believe the DVD266u-RN was the first dual Tualatin-S board that was announced, and unless something drastic occurs, it should be the first that is widely available in the retail channels. That means that much of the success of the Tualatin-S will likely be determined by how well this board is able to carry them. Iwill have shown with the DVD266 that they can make a fast and stable board that is fairly inexpensive. So the question is - did they fix on the flaws on that board such as the poor layout, and create a board that will rival the 2P Athlon boards like the Tyan Tiger MP?"
Continue reading 'IWill DVD266u-RN Motherboard Review for September 17, 2001' (full post)


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As a major hostage operation plays out in the centre of Sydney, Uber briefly reached record surge pricing for rides in the CBD, before changing tack and offering free rides for passengers trying to leave the city.
A 10-metre tall Christmas tree built out of Lego stands tall in Sydney, Australia to celebrate the holiday season.
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288 McKinley Avenue
Westville, New Haven, 06515
Commute to Downtown New Haven
Most errands can be accomplished on foot.
Score Details
288 McKinley Avenue has a Walk Score of 72 out of 100. This location is Very Walkable so most errands can be accomplished on foot.
This location is in the Westville neighborhood in New Haven. Nearby parks include Beecher Park, Westville Village and Downtown Westville.
Explore how far you can travel by car, bus, bike and foot from 288 McKinley Avenue.
View all Westville apartments on a map.
Popular apartment searches include hardwood floor, fireplace and furnished.
288 McKinley Avenue is in the Westville neighborhood. Westville is the 16th most walkable neighborhood in New Haven with a neighborhood Walk Score of 49.


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South Carolina House of Representatives Legislative Update David H. Wilkins, Speaker of the House Vol. 22 February 15, 2005 No. 06 CONTENTS HOUSE WEEK IN REVIEW ………………………………. 02 HOUSE COMMITTEE ACTION ………………………… 03 BILLS INTRODUCED IN THE HOUSE THIS WEEK ……. 08 NOTE: Bill summaries included in this document are prepared by the staff of the South Carolina House of Representatives and are not the expression of the legislation's sponsor(s) or the House of Representatives. The summaries are strictly for the internal use and benefit of members of the House of Representatives and are not to be construed by a court of law as an expression of legislative intent. OFFICE OF RESEARCH Room 213, Blatt Building, P.O. Box 11867, Columbia, S.C. 29211, (803) 734-3230 Legislative Update, February 15, 2005 HOUSE WEEK IN REVIEW The House of Representatives approved S.18, the "NATURAL GAS RATE STABILIZATION ACT" and enrolled the bill for ratification. The legislation proposes to bring greater stability and predictability to rates charged by natural gas distribution utilities by establishing a procedure for the adjustment of rates and charges that routinely takes into account such factors as changes in a utility"s expenses, revenues, investments, and depreciation. The legislation establishes a procedure under which natural gas distribution utilities under the regulatory authority of the Public Service Commission are authorized to apply for rate adjustments on an annual basis that fall within a band of 0.50 percentage points above and below the rates that have been set in order to reflect current changes in investments, revenues, and expenses. The House amended, approved and sent to the Senate H.3086, the S.M.A.R.T. (STREAMLINED MANAGEMENT AND ACCOUNTING RESOURCES FOR TEACHING) FUNDING IN EDUCATION ACT. This bill establishes a fund management and accounting program that consolidates all program funding to the state"s school districts and special schools for enhanced flexibility in their operations of grades K-12. The bill outlines six general categories in which funds may be spent: (1) quality teaching; (2) instruction; (3) technical assistance; (4) operations, infrastructure, and safety; (5) workforce education; and (6) special needs. The bill allows for transfer of funds among programs within these categories, and provides for some flexibility in distribution of funding across the six general categories. The funding categories and subcategories established in the legislation are to be utilized beginning January 1, 2006. The legislation also creates a S.M.A.R.T. Funding Study Committee (whose nine members are appointed: three each by the Governor, the Speaker of the House, and the President Pro Tempore of the Senate) to work in conjunction with the Education Oversight Committee and the State Department of Education to study the effectiveness and appropriateness of the allocation of, and flexibility in, funding in the S.M.A.R.T. Funding Act. The report must be made by July 1, 2007, at which time the committee shall dissolve. The House amended, approved, and sent to the Senate H.3157. This bill creates a CAPITAL ACCESS PROGRAM (CAP), to be established by the Business Development Corporation of South Carolina (BDC) with an initial appropriation of $2.5 million, to assist participating financial institutions making loans to small businesses located in the state that otherwise find it difficult to obtain regular bank financing. Under this program, a qualifying small business is defined as one with retail sales or annual revenue not to exceed $2 million; or wholesale sales less than $5 million; or a manufacturing business with no more than 50 employees. The assistance must be provided by the BDC through transfers from a state fund account into a loss reserve account maintained and controlled by the BDC as custodian to provide loan loss reserves for loans made to qualifying small businesses. Under the program, the BDC will establish terms and conditions under which financial institutions will participate. The bill provides terms and conditions under which financial institutions may originate loans under the program. The House returned S.306, a bill pertaining to the TRANSFER OF PRESCRIPTIONS BETWEEN PHARMACIES, to the Senate with amendments. Current law allows a pharmacy in South Carolina to transfer prescription information to another pharmacy in the State for one refill of a medication. This bill would allow the transfer of all remaining 2 Legislative Update, February 15, 2005 refills for a prescription between any licensed pharmacies, including pharmacies in other states. The transferring pharmacist would be required to void any remaining refills, and the receiving pharmacist would be authorized to dispense all remaining refills on the original prescription. The bill also eliminates a provision containing procedures for dispensing restricted drugs. The House approved and sent to the Senate H.3130, the "SOUTH CAROLINA RIDER SAFETY ACT". The legislation requires riders of amusement and carnival devices to: (1) comply with posted rules, warnings, and instructions; and (2) refrain from acting in any manner that may cause or contribute to injuries, such as tampering with ride controls, disengaging safety devices, throwing objects off rides, exiting the ride at undesignated areas, etc. The legislation requires timely reporting of any injuries sustained on rides. Under the legislation the owners of amusement devices are required to post signs relating to rider safety and requirements for reporting injuries. The legislation establishes a misdemeanor for violations punishable with a fine of not more than five hundred dollars and/or imprisonment for not more than two months. The House approved and sent to the Senate H.3275, a bill pertaining to HUNTING. Under this bill, any person who is convicted of or pleads guilty or no contest to a criminal offense resulting from the shooting of any cow or horse shall also have his or her hunting privileges suspended for a period of two years. Before the suspension period may be lifted, the bill requires the offender to successfully complete a hunter education class or course educating the offender on the proper use of weapons, game identification, and safety. The House approved and sent to the Senate H.3246, a bill that designates as a BIRD SANCTUARY the grounds of the Presbyterian Home of South Carolina located on Highway 56 in the town of Clinton in Laurens County. HOUSE COMMITTEE ACTION AGRICULTURE, NATURAL RESOURCES, AND ENVIRONMENTAL AFFAIRS The full Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Environmental Affairs Committee met and reported out four bills this week. The Committee gave a favorable report to H.3246, which declares as a BIRD SANCTUARY the grounds of the Presbyterian Home of South Carolina located on Highway 56 in the town of Clinton in Laurens County. H.3275, a bill pertaining to HUNTING, received a favorable report from the Committee. Under this bill, any person who is convicted of or pleads guilty or no contest to a criminal offense resulting from the shooting of any cow or horse shall also have his or her hunting privileges suspended for a period of two years. Before the suspension period may be 3 Legislative Update, February 15, 2005 lifted, the bill requires the offender to successfully complete a hunter education class or course educating the offender on the proper use of weapons, game identification, and safety. H.3372 received a favorable report. This bill INCREASES THE CATCH LIMIT FOR THE SALTWATER FISH RED DRUM from two to five in any one day. The full Committee gave a favorable report to H.3355, which enacts the "SOUTH CAROLINA DAIRY STABILIZATION ACT." This bill creates a 13 member South Carolina Milk Board (the Board), whose duties, among other things, are to ensure that dairy producers receive fair market breakeven prices, to monitor the consumption and distribution of South Carolina produced milk, and to mediate differences between milk producers and buyers. The bill provides for the membership of the Board. The bill provides for the Board to appoint an executive director who shall serve ex-officio as a non-voting Board member. Principal offices of the Board will be within the South Carolina Department of Agriculture building. H.3355 provides that the Board is an instrumentality of the State and is authorized to make, adopt, and enforce regulations and issue and enforce orders necessary to carry out the purposes of the bill. The bill requires and provides for buyer fees to be collected on all fluid milk produced in this State, and the bill requires that funds from these fees must be deposited into a special fund (the Dairy Producers Settlement Fund) and disbursed, as provided in the bill, to all producers in the State who sold or shipped milk in the month when prices fell below the fair market breakeven amount as determined by the Board. H.3355 prohibits a milk buyer from engaging in the purchase of South Carolina milk until having obtained a license from the Board. The Board is authorized, among other actions, to invoke a monetary penalty for buyers who violate the provisions of the bill. Funds from such penalties would be deposited into the Dairy Producers Settlement Fund. The bill requires and provides for the Board to develop an accounting system designed to show for each buyer of fluid milk under the Board"s supervision, the total purchases of South Carolina milk by the buyer and the sales of milk sold in this State. The bill further requires that buyers under the supervision of the Board use this system of accounting. H.3355 provides that violations of the provisions of the bill are a misdemeanor punishable by fine or imprisonment, and multiple violations may result in license or permit revocation. The bill requires the Board to prepare an annual budget and requires the Board to collect funds required for operation of the bill"s provisions from the State"s dairy producers. Expenses of the Board must be met by an assessment of up to one cent per gallon of milk produced in this State. The provisions of H.3355 are repealed on July 1, 2012. 4 Legislative Update, February 15, 2005 EDUCATION AND PUBLIC WORKS The Education and Public Works Committee reported favorable on H.3193, a bill which PROVIDES THAT A TECHNICAL EDUCATION INSTITUTION UNDER THE CONTROL OF THE STATE BOARD FOR TECHNICAL AND COMPREHENSIVE EDUCATION MAY CHANGE ITS NAME upon a majority vote of the area commission of the institution. The Committee reported favorable on H.3126, a bill which DELETES THE PROVISION REQUIRING A VEHICLE OWNER TO SIGN THE VEHICLE'S REGISTRATION CARD, and deletes the penalty for failure to sign this card. The Committee recommitted to subcommittee H.3320, a bill which PROHIBITS NAMING A STATE ROAD, HIGHWAY, OR INTERSTATE, OR ANY PORTION THEREOF, FOR A PERSON WHO IS LIVING. JUDICIARY The full Judiciary Committee reported out one bill this week, H.3008 the SOUTH CAROLINA ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, CITIZENS, AND SMALL BUSINESS PROTECTION ACT OF 2005. This legislation revises the way in which the State"s judicial system handles torts. Torts are private or civil wrongs for which the court provides a remedy, usually in the form of damages. H.3008 received a favorable report with amendment from the Committee. The legislation as passed by the full Committee provides for the South Carolina Contribution Among Tortfeasors Act; this particular section of the bill relates to actions to recover damages relating from personal injury, wrongful death, or damage to property. As passed by the full Committee, the legislation revises joint and several liability in instances where more than one tortfeasor (wrongdoer) is found to be liable. Current law provides liability among joint tortfeasors is both joint and several meaning that any tortfeasor may be responsible for the entire amount of the judgment. Under the legislation as passed by the full Committee, each defendant against whom recovery is allowed is liable to the claimant only for the defendant"s proportionate share of the recoverable damages. The jury or court is required to determine the amount of damages and the percentage of liability for each defendant. When damages from a liable defendant are determined to be uncollectible after good faith efforts by the claimant to collect, a procedure is established for reallocating the uncollectible amount among the other defendants. The bill provides that a right of contribution exists in favor of a tortfeasor who has paid more than his/her proportionate share of the common liability. As passed by the full Committee, the bill also has provisions for allocating liability among tortfeasors when a release or a covenant not to sue or not to enforce judgment is given in good faith to one of two or more persons liable in tort for the same injury or wrongful death. 5 Legislative Update, February 15, 2005 The bill as passed by the Committee provides that the South Carolina Tort Claims Act is the sole remedy for any tort committed by an employee of a governmental entity acting within the scope of the government employee"s official duty. This bill as passed by the full Committee revises the statute of limitations for filing an action for a construction defect. Current law provides that no actions to recover damages in these situations may be brought more than 13 years after substantial completion of the improvement. The legislation as passed by the Committee lowers the statute of repose to eight years. The legislation as passed by the full Committee establishes new provisions for venue; the term "venue" generally refers to the place where a jury is drawn and in which the trial is held. With regards to venue, the legislation as passed by the full Committee provides as follows: Civil actions against a resident individual defendant must be tried in the county where the cause of action arose, or where the defendant resides at the time the cause of action arose; or where the plaintiff resides at the time the cause of action arose. An action against a nonresident individual must be tried where the cause of action arose or where the plaintiff resides at the time the cause of action arose. An action against a domestic corporation, domestic limited partnership, domestic limited liability company or domestic limited liability partnership must be tried in the county of the corporation"s principle place of business at the time the cause of action arose, or where the cause of action arose, or where the plaintiff resides at the time the cause of action arose. The legislation establishes criteria for determining a principal place of business. An action against a foreign corporation, foreign limited partnership, foreign limited liability company, foreign limited liability partnership must be tried in the county where the corporation has its principle place of business in this State at the time the cause of action arose, or where the cause of action arose, or where the plaintiff resides at the time the cause of action arose. The legislation establishes criteria for determining a principal place of business. As passed by the full Committee, the legislation establishes new provisions regarding frivolous lawsuits. The legislation as passed by the full Committee provides that a pleading must be signed by at least one attorney of record, or, if the party is not represented by an attorney, the party must sign the pleading. The signature certifies to the court that the person has read the document and believes, in good faith, the pleading is not frivolous. The party may be sanctioned if he/she fails to disclose facts necessary to put his/her attorney on notice that the claim or defense is frivolous. If a document is signed in violation of these provisions, the court may impose an appropriate sanction upon the violator including: an order for the party to pay reasonable costs and attorneys fees; an order for the attorney to pay a reasonable fine to the court; or, a directive of a nonmonetary nature designed to deter future misconduct. The attorney or party must be notified before the imposition of sanctions. After notification, the party or attorney then has 30 days to withdraw the document or argument, respond to the allegations, or 6 Legislative Update, February 15, 2005 mitigate the effects of the violation. The provisions relating to frivolous lawsuits are in addition to all other remedies available at law or in equity. LABOR, COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY The full House Labor, Commerce and Industry Committee met on Tuesday, February 8, and reported out H.3157 favorable with amendment. This bill creates a CAPITAL ACCESS PROGRAM (CAP), to be established by the Business Development Corporation of South Carolina (BDC) with an initial appropriation of $2.5 million, to assist participating financial institutions making loans to small businesses located in the state that otherwise find it difficult to obtain regular bank financing. Under this program, a qualifying small business is defined as one with retail sales or annual revenue not to exceed $2 million; or wholesale sales less than $5 million; or a manufacturing business with no more than 50 employees. The assistance must be provided by the BDC through transfers from a state fund account into a loss reserve account maintained and controlled by the BDC as custodian to provide loan loss reserves for loans made to qualifying small businesses. Under the program, the BDC will establish terms and conditions under which financial institutions will participate. The bill provides terms and conditions under which financial institutions may originate loans under the program. MEDICAL, MILITARY, PUBLIC AND MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS The full Medical, Military, Public and Municipal Affair Committee met and considered one bill. H.3250, pertaining to CONTACT LENSES, received a favorable report with amendment from the Committee. This bill provides that it is illegal to dispense contact lenses without a valid prescription from an optometrist or an ophthalmologist. The bill applies only to contact lenses and not to lenses used in glasses. Dispensing contact lenses without a valid prescription is subject to a civil penalty of up to $5,000 per violation. This provision is to be enforced by the Department of Consumer Affairs. The bill specifies that a contact lens prescription is valid for 12 months from the date the prescription is authorized or from the date of the last evaluation by an optometrist or ophthalmologist. Under the bill, an optometrist or an ophthalmologist may employ unlicensed assistant personnel under the optometrist"s or ophthalmologist"s direct supervision as provided for in their respective practice acts. After a patient"s contact lenses have been evaluated and fitted to the satisfaction of an optometrist or ophthalmologist, the prescription must be released if requested by the patient and if the patient has paid in full for the examination and fitting. BILLS INTRODUCED IN THE HOUSE THIS WEEK AGRICULTURE, NATURAL RESOURCES, AND 7 Legislative Update, February 15, 2005 ENVIRONMENTAL AFFAIRS S.184 FRANCIS MARION TRAIL COMMISSION Sen. Leatherman This joint resolution creates the Francis Marion Trail Commission to establish a heritage and tourism trail honoring Francis Marion's revolutionary campaigns. The joint resolution provides for the commission's membership and duties. The commission is authorized to solicit and raise funds for the creation of the trail. S.212 HUNTING FROM WATERCRAFT Sen. McGill This bill provides that it is unlawful for a person to take or attempt to take a wild turkey from a watercraft on the waters of this State. The bill further provides that except for law enforcement or military personnel, it is unlawful to possess a shotgun loaded with buckshot or larger ammunition or a rifle loaded with ammunition larger than .22 in a water conveyance on the waters of this State. Penalties are provided for violation of this provision. S.291 STATEWIDE LIFETIME HUNTING AND FISHING LICENSE Sen. Gregory Current law allows South Carolina residents that have attained the age of 65 to obtain a statewide lifetime hunting and fishing license at no cost. This bill reduces the age requirement to age 64 to obtain such a license as well as implements a nine dollar fee for the license. An exception is provided for those residents that have attained the age of 65 on or before July 1, 2005. EDUCATION AND PUBLIC WORKS H.3477 ELECTION/POLITICAL ADVOCACY Rep. Hinson This bill requires school districts to develop and implement policies to ensure that students are not required to convey or deliver materials, and do not use public property (real or personal), to communicate personal political views or advocate election/passage or defeat of: candidates for public office; referendum questions; or matters pending before local government entities. Exceptions are provided for candidates or advocates to present their views, for discussion or use of political or issue-oriented materials as part of classroom discussion, or for advocacy for a student who is a candidate in a student-related election. H.3488 STATE DOCUMENT REPOSITORY SYSTEM Rep. Townsend This bill revises definitions and procedures in order for the State Document Depository to acquire materials in both print and electronic format. S.23 "BREAST CANCER AWARENESS" SPECIAL LICENSE PLATES Sen. Short This bill authorizes and provides for the issuance of "Breast Cancer Awareness" special license plates. The fee for the special plate would be thirty-five dollars above the fee required for a standard license plate. Revenue from this fee would be directed to the "Best Chance Network," a program which helps women who need financial assistance in order to be screened for breast and cervical cancer. 8 Legislative Update, February 15, 2005 S.102 PURPLE HEART SPECIAL LICENSE PLATES FOR MOTORCYCLES Sen. Setzler This bill provides that the special Purple Heart license plates for motor vehicles may also be issued for use on motorcycles. S.113 "SONS OF CONFEDERATE VETERANS" SPECIAL LICENSE PLATES Sen. Verdin This bill authorizes and provides for the issuance of Sons of Confederate Veterans special license plates. Funds remaining from sale of the plates after the Department of Motor Vehicles" costs are reimbursed would be distributed to the South Carolina Division of the Sons of Confederate Veterans. H.3493 SPECIAL RESTRICTED DRIVER'S LICENSES Rep. J.E. Smith This bill provides that those restrictions relating to the special restricted driver"s license which may be issued to minors who are at least sixteen years of age and less than seventeen years of age, and who meet certain other criteria, may be modified or waived if the licensee proves that the restriction interferes with travel between his home and religious sponsored events. H.3499 STUDENTS HEALTH AND FITNESS ACT OF 2005 Rep. Harrell This bill establishes and provides for physical education and nutritional standards in South Carolina schools. Beginning with the 2005-06 school year, the bill phases in increasing requirements for physical education instruction time for students in kindergarten through fifth grade. Schools that do not meet this requirement will receive professional development assistance. The bill requires each South Carolina public school to measure its degree of compliance with physical education standards for students in kindergarten through twelfth grade. The bill requires schools to report to the State Department of Education samples of student physical education performance at the second grade, fifth grade, eighth grade, and high school level with results to be reported to state and local school boards, school administrators, and teachers. An overall physical education school effectiveness score must be reported to parents/guardians as a part of the school report card, and an individual student"s fitness status must be reported to parents/guardians during a student"s fifth grade, eighth grade, and high school physical education courses. The bill requires and provides for each elementary school to designate a physical education teacher to be the Physical Education Activity Director of that school. The bill also provides for nutrition standards in elementary schools, requiring that schools provide optimal nutrition and support the development of healthy eating habits for students, as provided in the bill. The bill prohibits elementary schools from providing students foods of minimal nutritional value and limits sale of foods and beverages other than school meals to milk, juice, entrees, bread, fruits, vegetables, and food items that are considered meal components. The bill requires that elementary schools provide students at least twenty minutes to eat lunch once they have received their food. The bill also requires and provides for the establishment of a Coordinate School Health Advisory Council (CSHAC) comprised of 9 Legislative Update, February 15, 2005 certain community and school representatives and charged to assess, plan, implement, and monitor school health policies and programs within the district, including the development of a local wellness policy as required of school districts participating in the USDA school lunch and after school snack programs beginning in school year 2005-06. The bill requires the State Department of Education to make available to school districts a coordinated school health model, with certain components delineated in the bill, designed to address health issues of children. The bill requires elementary schools to establish and maintain school-level coordinated health advisory councils and to develop school health improvement plans as provided in the bill. The bill requires a weekly minimum of twenty minutes of nutrition education for kindergarten through fifth grade students. The bill requires the Department of Education to assess health education programs and report their findings on the school report card, beginning with a pilot program and with full implementation of this requirement by the 2006-07 school year. The bill requires K-5 teachers to provide professional development in health education to include nutrition education annually. H.3503 LICENSE PLATES FOR MEMBERS OF FEDERAL COMMISSIONS AND BOARDS Rep. Limehouse This bill provides that every personalized license plate issued to members of licensed federal commissions and boards expires January thirty-first each year in which a new session of the General Assembly begins. H.3524 COMMERCIAL DRIVER'S LICENSE PROGRAM Rep. Townsend This bill requires the South Carolina Department of Motor Vehicles to administer the South Carolina Commercial Driver"s License Program in accordance with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations, and makes numerous revisions of commercial driving provisions to bring these provisions into conformity with these federal regulations. H.3526 DALE EARNHARDT DAY Rep. Sandifer This bill designates April 29th of each year as "Dale Earnhardt Day" in South Carolina. JUDICIARY S.106 MOTOR CARRIER TRANSPORTATION CONTRACTS Sen. Ryberg This bill relates to provisions in 'motor carrier transportation contracts.' The legislation provides a definition for the term 'motor carrier transportation contract.' The term "motor carrier transportation contract" does not include the Uniform Intermodal Interchange and Facilities Access Agreement administered by the Intermodal Association of North America. Under this bill, a provision affecting a motor carrier transportation contract that indemnifies, defends or holds harmless the contract's promisee from or against liability for loss or damage resulting from the negligence or intentional acts or omissions of the contract's promisee is against the public policy of the State. There is an exception for damages caused by and resulting from negligence of the motor carrier, its agents, employees, servants or independent contractors who are directly responsible to the motor carrier. 10 Legislative Update, February 15, 2005 H.3483 POST-CONVICTION RELIEF Rep. Jennings The bill provides that a fee is not required for the initial filing for post-conviction relief by a prisoner. If a prisoner brings a subsequent action for post-conviction relief, the bill requires the prisoner to pay a filing fee. The bill has provisions for determining the amount of the fee. The bill does not prohibit a prisoner from filing a subsequent action if the prisoner cannot pay the fee; the bill allows for a payment schedule. In the application for post-conviction relief, this bill requires the prisoner to state whether he/she has previously filed an application for post-conviction relief or a petition for habeas corpus in state court, relating to the sentence to which the prisoner is currently incarcerated. The bill further requires the applicant to attach a copy of his/her prison trust account balance sheet to the application. The bill allows for sanctions for prisoners that bring frivolous actions for post-conviction relief. The bill requires the application for post-conviction relief to contain a provision informing the prisoner that a second or subsequent application for post-conviction relief determined to be frivolous may result in the prisoner"s loss of work credits, education credits, and good time credits. The bill also provides that a prisoner who brings a frivolous action may be ordered to pay the attorneys fees and court costs of the opposing party under the South Carolina Frivolous Civil Proceedings Sanctions Act. H.3487 UNIFORM TRUST CODE Rep. Sinclair This bill pertains to trust administration. The bill enacts the Uniform Trust Code by providing a comprehensive codification or recodification of much of existing trust law and supplementing existing common law, unless the code specifically contradicts it. H.3489 NONPARTISAN COUNTY ELECTIONS Rep. Bales The bill outlines procedures whereby the governing body of a county may be elected in nonpartisan elections. The bill applies to the following county offices: auditor, treasurer, clerk of court, probate judge, sheriff, coroner and register of mesne conveyance. H.3492 ELECTIONS BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY Rep. Young This bill prohibits a nonjudicial candidate or a person holding an office elected by the General Assembly from attempting to influence the outcome of an election of another candidate for office elected by the General Assembly. A violation of this provision would be considered a misdemeanor punishable by a $1,000 fine or imprisonment for not more than 90 days. H.3494 THREATENING THE LIFE, PERSON, OR FAMILY OF A PUBLIC OFFICIAL, TEACHER OR PRINCIPAL Rep. J.E. Smith This bill relates to the prohibition on threatening the life, person, or family of a public official, teacher or principal. Under the bill, it is unlawful to make either direct or indirect threats to these individuals. H.3495 PRESIDENTIAL PREFERENCE PRIMARIES Rep. J.E. Smith Current law provides that political parties may conduct presidential preference primaries. Under this bill, the State Election Commission would conduct presidential preference primaries. H.3505 PROPOSED CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT PERTAINING TO THE COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE Rep. Hagood 11 Legislative Update, February 15, 2005 The office of Commissioner of Agriculture is a position required by the State Constitution to be held by a duly elected individual. This joint resolution proposes to submit to the electors at the next general election whether or not the Commissioner of Agriculture should remain an elected position or rather be a position appointed by the Governor upon advice and consent of the Senate. H.3506 PROPOSED CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT PERTAINING TO THE ADJUTANT GENERAL Rep. Hagood The office of Adjutant General is a position required by the State Constitution to be held by a duly elected individual. This joint resolution proposes to submit to the electors at the next general election whether or not the Adjutant General should remain an elected position or rather be a position appointed by the Governor upon advice and consent of the Senate. H.3507 PROPOSED CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT TO PROVIDE FOR THE JOINT ELECTION OF THE GOVERNOR AND LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR Rep. Hagood This joint resolution proposes to submit to the electors at the next general election whether or not the Lieutenant Governor must be elected jointly with the Governor. H.3509 TRAFFIC STOPS Rep. Ceips This bill provides that the operator of a motor vehicle equipped with interior lights must activate the vehicle's interior lights and open the vehicle's front window when stopped by a law enforcement officer at night. The bill authorizes a $25 fine for violations. H.3518 PRIVACY FROM UNWANTED COMMERCIAL ELECTRONIC MAIL SOLICITATION Rep. J.E. Smith The stated intent of this bill is to (1) find a balance between free speech and trade and a citizen"s right to privacy, (2) and provide a citizen who does not wish to receive commercial email solicitations at home with a means of preventing those emails, while allowing a commercial solicitor to continue to email a citizen who does wish to receive that email at home. Among other things, the bill provides for a database constituting a "No Email List." The bill provides for specific contents of advertising messages in the subject portion of the messages. The bill authorizes the Attorney General and state"s judicial circuit solicitors to investigate complaints. Penalties are established for violations. H.3519 DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE'S WAGE GARNISHMENT POWER Rep. J.E. Smith This bill relates to the Department of Revenue"s (DOR) authority to contract to collect outstanding liability owed to a governmental entity. The bill defines the term "outstanding tax liability owed to the governmental entity." The bill provides that DOR"s power to garnish the wages of a delinquent taxpayer may only be used to collect an outstanding tax liability owed the governmental entity. H.3525 DUTY OF A MUNICIPALITY TO PROVIDE WATER OR SEWER 12 Legislative Update, February 15, 2005 SERVICES Rep. Chellis Among other things, the stated intention of this bill is to clarify the General Assembly"s intent that all inhabitants of a municipality are entitled to equal access to the governmental function of municipal water and sewer services without discretion. This bill requires a municipality to provide water or sewer services to a property owner upon written request when the property owner agrees to pay the cost of extending these services by the payment of an assessment levied against the property. H.3530 WORKING ON SUNDAYS AND "SUNDAY BLUE LAWS" Rep. E.H. Pitts This bill relates to the right of an employee of a business to refuse to work on Sunday. The bill provides that an employee has the option of refusing to work on Sunday if the employee is conscientiously opposed to Sunday work. The bill repeals what is popularly known as "Sunday Blue Laws," which relate to the prohibition against the sale of certain items on Sunday except during specified hours of operation. "Sunday Blue Laws" also prohibit the conduct of certain work or events or the operation of certain businesses or manufacturing establishments on Sunday. The bill does not affect the provisions of law prohibiting or otherwise regulating the sale of alcohol on Sunday. LABOR, COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY H.3478 PAYMENT OF UNLICENSED INDIVIDUALS PROHIBITED FOR LICENSED REAL ESTATE PROFESSIONALS Rep. Huggins This bill revises provisions relating to grounds for denial of licensure or for disciplinary action against real estate professionals, including brokers, agents, and property managers, so as to clarify that payment of a commission or compensation to an unlicensed individual is prohibited for conducting activities requiring a license. The legislation specifies when such payments are authorized. H.3479 ASBESTOS ABATEMENT Rep. Davenport This bill revises criteria for issuance of asbestos abatement licenses by altering the definitions of "asbestos abatement entity" and "asbestos project". The bill eliminates existing licensure fee provisions and, instead, authorizes the Department of Health and Environmental Control to establish such fees in regulation that are sufficient to cover reasonable costs of administering the asbestos program. The bill increases the maximum civil penalty for violations from one thousand dollars to ten thousand dollars. H.3490 INCIDENTAL CHECK-CASHING BY RETAIL BUSINESSES Rep. Duncan This bill revises the exemption from check-cashing service licensure requirements that is provided for a person who, incidentally to or independently of the operation of a bona fide retail business, from time to time cashes a check, draft, or money order, so as to provide that a fee may be charged for such an incidental service so long as it does not exceed the statutory fee schedule. 13 Legislative Update, February 15, 2005 H.3491 INSURANCE ADJUSTERS Rep. Cato This bill revises provisions relating to insurance adjusters, so as to: change the criteria for licensing adjusters; require additional information before a license is issued; provide for the fee and duration of the license; require continuing education requirement for adjusters; provide for the probation, revocation, or suspension of an adjusters license; and provide for penalties for violations of regulations affecting adjusters. H.3500 STATE UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE LIABILITY FOR SUBCONTRACTORS Rep. Kirsh This bill establishes a procedure for requiring compliance of a subcontractor regarding State Unemployment Insurance liability. H.3508 "SOUTH CAROLINA FAIR CREDIT REPORTING ACT" Rep. J. E. Smith This bill enacts the "South Carolina Fair Credit Reporting Act", to provide that unfair methods of reporting credit history and unfair or deceptive acts in the conduct of credit reporting are unlawful. The legislation provides that the Federal Fair Credit Reporting Act as interpreted by the Federal Trade Commission and federal courts shall furnish guidance in construing this legislation. The legislation provides penalties for willful and negligent noncompliance. The legislation provides that the state courts have jurisdiction to hear actions brought pursuant to this legislation. A two-year statute of limitations (with certain exceptions) is provided for seeking relief under this legislation. WAYS AND MEANS H.3496 EXEMPTION FROM ZONING PROVISIONS Rep. J.E. Smith This bill provides an exemption from certain zoning laws for a business whose primary purpose is the laundering of material which contains radioactive materials and is regulated by the Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC) pursuant to a specified regulation regarding radioactive materials. The bill requires and provides for DHEC to give notice to the local government administering the zoning laws, and the bill prohibits rezoning of an area to allow the business to be located closer to an area zoned residential. H.3511 S.C. CONSTITUTION/SCHOOL DISTRICT BONDS Rep. Hinson This bill provides that relating to Article X, Section 15 of the South Carolina Constitution (Bonded Indebtedness of School Districts), a complete or partial successor-in-interest to, or other transferee of, or other associate of a school district is deemed to be the school district for bonding purposes when the successor, transferee, or associate undertakes all or a portion of the operation or assumes all or a portion of a duty of the school district. H.3513 FIDELITY BOND ON COUNTY OFFICIALS Rep. Brady This bill authorizes and provides for the governing body of a county to purchase a fidelity bond covering all county officials and employees or a portion of them, instead of using specific statutory bond requirements. The bill requires that such a fidelity bond must meet or exceed the minimum value required by statute. H.3520 LEAVE FOR STATE EMPLOYEE MILITARY SERVICE Rep. J.E. Smith This joint resolution allows full-time state employees to use up to 45 days of accumulated annual leave in 2005 for absences resulting from certain military service in 14 Legislative Update, February 15, 2005 the National Guard or active duty. The bill allows these state employees to additionally use accumulated sick leave up to ninety days as if it were annual leave. H.3521 ELIGIBILITY FOR STATE HEALTH/DENTAL PLANS Rep. J.E. Smith This bill includes County First Steps Partnerships among those entities eligible to participate in the State health and dental insurance plans. H.3522 LIFE INSURANCE FOR ACTIVE NATIONAL GUARD MEMBERS Rep. J.E. Smith This bill provides that beginning January 1, 2006, group term life insurance coverage in the amount of $250,000 must be provided for each active member of the South Carolina National Guard at no cost to the member. The bill requires that premiums for this coverage must be paid from the Insurance Reserve Fund. H.3523 PRISON INDUSTRY PROGRAM Rep. Wilkins This bill requires the Department of Corrections, in conjunction with the Materials Management Office of the Budget and Control Board, to develop and maintain a marketing plan to attract private sector businesses for the employment of inmates through the prison industries program. The bill also authorizes and provides for the Director of the Department of Corrections to enter into contracts with private sector entities that allow for inmate labor to be provided for prison industry service work and export work that involves exportation of products. The bill includes provisions for wages to be paid to inmate labor, and allows wage deductions from inmate gross earnings for certain restitution, and for a percentage of room and board expenses. The Legislative Update is on the Worldwide Web. Visit the South Carolina General Assembly Home Page (http://www.scstatehouse.net) and click on "Publications," then click on "Legislative Update." This will list all of the Legislative Updates by date. Click on the date you need. NOTE: THE LEGISLATIVE UPDATE IS AVAILABLE TO LEGISLATIVE TRACKING SUBSCRIBERS. YOU MAY REGISTER FOR THIS FREE SERVICE ON THE SOUTH CAROLINA GENERAL ASSEMBLY HOME PAGE BY CLICKING ON "ELECTRONIC TRACKING" (UNDER "LEGISLATIVE RESOURCES"), THEN CLICKING ON "ADD NEW SUBSCRIPTION RECORD" AND COMPLETING THAT FORM. 15
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An electronic security enclosure conceals a device, such as a switch, valve, outlet, or lock, behind a movable member. When the movable member is unlocked, by an electronic key, and moved to reveal the concealed device, the key is captured, preventing its removal until the enclosure is again secured over the device. A variety of operational features, including provision for keyholder access restrictions, time-of-day restrictions, provision of different classes of keys for employees and vendors, etc., are also provided. The invention also contemplates a plurality of access control devices, including lock boxes, padlocks, mortise locks, cam locks, etc., that are each operable by a common electronic key.
1. A security enclosure adapted to restrict access to a device positioned on a surface, said device being in the group consisting of locks, switches, valves, and outlets, the enclosure comprising:
a first member for mounting to the surface while allowing access to the device positioned thereon;
a cover member coupled to the first member and having first and second positions, in the first position said cover member serving to prevent access to the device, in the second position said cover member allowing access to the device;
the enclosure further including a lock responsive to a key, the lock serving to latch the cover member in the first position until unlocked by the key;
said cover member serving to prevent removal of the key when the cover member is in its second position, wherein a user must return the cover member to its first position in order to retrieve the user's key.
2. The security enclosure of claim 1 in which operating power for the security cover is derived from a battery in the key.
3. The security enclosure of claim 1 in which the key includes a keypad thereon.
4. The security enclosure of claim 1 in which the cover member is slidably movable between the first and second positions.
5. The security enclosure of claim 1 in which the cover member is pivotably movable between the first and second positions.
6. A method of controlling access to a device, the device being a member of the group consisting of locks, switches, valves, and outlets, the method comprising:
providing a security enclosure restricting access to the device, the enclosure having a first position in which access to the device is prevented and a second position in which access to the device is enabled;
providing a key for accessing the security enclosure by changing the enclosure from the first to second positions; and
trapping the key when the security enclosure is in the second position, and releasing the key only when the security enclosure is returned to the first position.
7. The method of claim 6 in which the device is an electrical power outlet.
8. The method of claim 6 in which the device is a telephone outlet.
9. The method of claim 6 in which the device is a hose bib.
10. The method of claim 6 in which the device is a gas outlet.
11. The method of claim 6 in which the device is a fluid outlet.
12. The method of claim 6 in which the device is a valve.
13. The method of claim 6 in which the device is a switch.
14. The method of claim 6 which includes logging data in a security enclosure memory, said data identifying keys that have been used therewith.
The present invention relates to physical security systems, and more particularly relates to controlled-access enclosures for locks, latches, switches, outlets, valves, and the like.
For expository convenience, the present invention is described with reference to an illustrative application thereof, namely the provision of a locked cover for mechanical locks. However, it should be recognized that the invention is not so limited. Instead, it finds application wherever access to a fixture, such as an electrical or phone outlet, a hose bib, a switch, a valve or the like, should be restricted.
Companies with mechanically-keyed doors constantly face the dilemma of whether to re-key a door or facility when a "key carrying" employee quits or is terminated. A similar issue arises when an employee loses a key. While electronic access control systems provide technical solutions to these problems, cost and installation issues associated with their implementation limit their use.
PCT publication WO 94/12749 to Hungerford shows a hybrid system in which a key to a mechanical door lock is held in a battery powered strong box adjacent the door. The strong box has a keyboard on its face. If a user correctly enters a code number on the keyboard, the strong box opens and the user can use the key contained therein to open the locked door.
While advantageous in some respects, the Hungerford system is disadvantageous in others. For example, the problem of key security still persists. If a user duplicates the key while it is out of the strong box, the element of electronic protection provided by the system is essentially defeated. The mechanical lock must be re-keyed to make the system secure again.
Further, the provision of a keypad on the outside of Hungerford's strong box invites vandalism. Keyboards are also notoriously difficult to waterproof, making the internal lock electronics susceptible to water damage. Still further, there is the recurring problem of battery failure, which can render the strong box permanently locked (or freely openable, if designed to fail in that mode). Moreover, the Hungerford system does nothing to enhance the security of the keyed lock itself; the keyed lock is still accessible to attack using conventional locksmithing tools.
In a known variant of the Hungerford system, an existing mortise lock is removed from a door and replaced with a simple flip bolt latch. A security lid is then mounted over the flip bolt. A user can only gain access to the flip bolt by entering a code on a keypad on the lid. If the code is entered properly, the lid can be opened, and the user can turn the flip bolt.
While this latter system rectifies certain of Hungerford's drawbacks, it introduces others. One is the need to remove an existing mortise lock and replace it with the flip bolt. Another, relating to physical security, is the substitution of a simple flip lock for what may have been a more robust mortise lock. Other problems of the original Hungerford system persis, including vandalism, battery failure, etc.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the foregoing and other drawbacks of the prior art are overcome. An electronic security enclosure conceals a keyed lock (or other mechanical access device, such as a door knob, latch, release knob, etc.) behind a movable member. When the security enclosure is unlocked by an electronic key, and the movable member is moved to reveal the keyed lock, the key is captured, preventing its removal until the enclosure is again secured over the keyed lock. A variety of operational features, including provision for keyholder access restrictions, time-of-day restrictions, provision of different classes of keys for employees and vendors, etc., are also provided.
The foregoing and additional features and advantages of the present invention will be more readily apparent from the following detailed description, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a view of a security enclosure according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is another view of the enclosure of FIG. 1 showing its placement over an existing deadbolt/mortise lock.
FIG. 3 shows how the security enclosure of FIG. 1 is adapted to receive an electronic key.
FIGS. 4-6 shows how opening of the security enclosure of FIG. 1 reveals the keyed lock concealed therein, and also acts to trap the key, preventing its removal.
FIGS. 7A and 7B are electrical block diagrams of the security enclosure and key control circuits, respectively.
To provide an comprehensive disclosure without unduly lengthening this specification, applicant incorporates by reference U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,280,518, 5,090,222, 5,046,084, 4,967,305, 4,864,115, 4,851,652, 4,800,255, 4,777,556, 4,594,637, and copending applications Ser. Nos. 07/790,642, 07/819,345, 08/099,743, and 08/119,967, each of which is owned by the present assignee and details structures, circuitry, operational features, etc., that can be advantageously employed in a security enclosure according to the present invention.
The present invention is illustrated with reference to an illustrative application thereof, namely securing a keyed lock. It will be recognized, however, that the invention can likewise be used with a great variety of other mechanical access devices (deadbolts, mortise locks, flip locks, latches, doorknobs, padlocks, release knobs, etc.,).
Referring to FIGS. 1-6, the illustrated security enclosure 10 is formed of durable metal or high impact plastic, and is secured over a keyed door lock 12 on a door or door frame 14. The enclosure includes a base plate 16, a slidable member 18, and a nest 20 for receiving an electronic key 22 (FIG. 3).
The base plate 16 defines an opening 24 through which the keyed door lock 12 can be accessed. The edges 25 of the base plate define tracks in which the slidable member is engaged. The nest 20 is defined, in part, by a lip 26 that extends downwardly from beneath the slidable member 18 and forms a channel into which the key can be positioned.
The key 22 is a known device, and may be of the sort illustrated in the foregoing patent references. To open the security enclosure, the key 22 is slid into the nest 20, with the bottom of the key resting on a footer 28, until the key abuts a stop member 30. The keypad 32 thereon is then operated to, e.g., enter a personal identification number (PIN), and request opening of the slidable member 18 (e.g. by pressing the Obtain Key button 32a).
If keypad 32 is operated in the correct sequence, signals are sent to control electronics 34 (FIG. 7) in the security enclosure 10 (which can be, e.g., of the form detailed in the cited patent references). The control electronics, in turn, send an actuating signal to a solenoid-controlled latch 36, which releases the slidable member 18 from its illustrated, latched position. The user then slides the slidable member downwardly to reveal the keyed lock 12. In so doing, the user's key 22 is trapped behind the slidable member.
Once the keyed lock 12 is exposed, the user operates same with a mechanical key. In the illustrated embodiment, the user carries the mechanical key with him, but in other embodiments, the mechanical key can be disposed behind the slidable enclosure on a durable tether, thereby available to anyone authorized to open the security enclosure 10. (It will be recognized that mechanical keys to the door lock 12 can be distributed widely, since they are useless to persons without authorization to operate the electronic security enclosure.)
After the user has operated the keyed lock, the slidable member 18 must be returned to its original, latched, position before the user's key can be removed from its entrapped position in the nest 20.
In the illustrated embodiment, the control circuitry 34 and associated solenoid-controlled latch 36 do not rely on an internal battery for their operating power. Instead, they receive operating power from the key 22, by an arrangement such as is taught by the cited patent references.
The fastening of the security enclosure 10 on door 14 is accomplished by threaded fasteners which cannot be accessed without first sliding the slidable member 18 to the lower position. In some embodiments, a mounting bracket is first mounted to the door 14, and the security enclosure is then mounted thereto.
In some door installations (e.g. with glass doors), the lock may be mounted in a relatively thin frame member, such as member 37 in FIGS. 5-6. The preferred embodiment is desirably designed to mount on members as narrow as two inches across.
(If desired, a magnetic alarm contact can be provided at sites that want to trigger a master alarm if the security enclosure is removed from the door 14 in a criminal attack. The control circuitry within each security enclosure may be programmed to interface with common alarm system protocols, enabling the system to be de-activated or activated by the authorized release of the security enclosure.)
Referring to FIGS. 7A and 7B, the security enclosure and key each includes a microprocessor (CPU) 38 with associated ROM (EEPROM) memory 40 and RAM memory 42. Each further includes an interface 44 for interacting with the other. To enable powering of the security enclosure 10 from the key 22, the interface 44 desirably provides electrical connection between the key and security enclosure interfaces 44, but in other embodiments energy can be transferred by coupled coils. In embodiments where power needn't be provided to the security enclosure, other interface techniques, such as infrared, can be utilized.
The key 22 additionally includes a battery 46, a beeper 48 (which is desirably a piezo-electric transducer), an LCD display 50, a clock, and a permanently programmed ID code, all as described in the cited patent references. (The clock may be implemented using the CPU, rather than as dedicated circuitry.)
The security enclosure 10 can include a small battery if desired, e.g. to maintain the RAM memory 42a in a keep-alive state, or to power a light on the face of the lid. (This light can be programmed to flash during certain hours of the day, simulating an alarmed condition.) But the power to operate the solenoid latch 36 is, as noted above, derived from the key 22.
The provision of a microprocessor and memory in both the security enclosure and the key allows for a host of operational features, some of which are reviewed below, and others of which are detailed in the cited patent references.
The illustrated system contemplates use of keys belonging to a variety of different classes, each with different restrictions. (The keys themselves are identical, but are programmed to effect different capabilities.)
The most capable key is the owner/manager key. In addition to opening the security enclosure, this key is used to program the security enclosure control circuitry 34, and to read the access log information which has been recorded therein.
In the depicted embodiment, there is only one owner/manager key for each security enclosure. This correspondence is effected by assigning each security enclosure with a unique initialization code, and using this code to initialize a corresponding owner/manager key.
In particular, the process for initializing a key for a specific security enclosure is as follows. First, from the menu prompts on the display 50, the user selects the option "Initialize Security Enclosure,"followed by the user's PIN code. Next, the user selects the option "Master" from the menu prompts, and follows this with a user-selected master code. After the user enters this code, the key is slid into the nest 20. (As detailed in the cited patent references, the preferred key allows most keyboard entries to be made before the key is mated with the lock device--in this instance the security enclosure.) The control circuits in the key and security enclosures then communicate and effect initialization so the enclosure thereafter recognizes that key, alone, as its owner/manager key.
During the foregoing process, the owner/manager key creates a "scrambled" initialization code that is generated from the serial number of the key and a user-selected master code. This is the initialization code that is written into the memory of the security enclosure, together with the serial number of the owner/manager key.
If the owner/manager key is thereafter lost or stolen, each of the security enclosures that it "owned" must be re-initialized. This process requires knowledge of the scrambled initialization code. This code is obtained from the system database, where it is reconstructed by knowledge of the lost key's serial number and PIN code, and the user-selected master code. Once this initialization code is obtained, the security enclosure can be re-initialized from a new owner/manager key by the following procedure. From the key menu, the "Re-initialize" option is selected, followed by a valid PIN code. The display next prompts for the previous scrambled initialization code. After this code is entered, the key is inserted into the nest 20 and the key and security enclosure communicate to complete the reinitialization process.
The security enclosure creates a new scrambled initialization code, and writes it and the serial number of the new owner/manager key into its memory. The old owner/manager serial number is erased. This disqualifies the original owner/master key from further use.
If any of the codes necessary for reinitialization is forgotten, there is an option for a "grand master" key to be used to erase all programming in the security enclosure. After erasing this programming, the "Initialize" process is selected and a new owner/manager key is assigned to the security enclosure.
The other functions performed with the owner/manager key are programming of security enclosures, and reading their access logs. Consider the illustrative application of a security enclosure used to control access to a locked doors at a franchise restaurant. The restaurant manager would use the owner/manager key to program each security enclosure within the facility. This programming would allow authorized employee keys (another class of keys) to open the security enclosures. This is accomplished by programming the serial number of each authorized employee key into the memory of the security enclosures. This process typically takes less than 30 seconds.
To lock out an employee key, the restaurant manager simply reverses the process and removes the serial number of the employee key from the memory of the security enclosures. This feature allows the restaurant manager to instantaneously prevent an employee from gaining access to a mechanical lock.
In a like manner, the restaurant manager can effect other programming options, including restricting access by day, time of day, etc.
The step-wise procedure for these programming operations follows the general model of the initialization procedure detailed above, but the different functions are selected from the menu prompts on the display.
The other function available to owner/manager keys is to recover access log information from a security enclosure. To perform this operation, the restaurant manager inserts the owner/manager key into the nest 20 and selects the "Read" option from the menu prompts. The access log data stored in the security enclosure's memory is then written to the key memory.
From the key memory, the data can be handled in various ways. The simplest utilizes the display on the key to present abbreviated access data (e.g. date, time, serial number of accessing key) for viewing by the manager. A button on the keypad is used to scroll from one entry to the next.
More comprehensive review of the access data can be provided in one of two manners. For small installations (those without a central administrative computer), the restaurant manager telephones a service provider, such as the assignee. A synthesized voice at the service provider's facility instructs the manager to position the key transducer 48 next to the phone mouthpiece, and operate the keyboard to initiate an audible downloading of the data from the key over the telephone. (Again, this process is further detailed in the cited patent references.) The service provider's computer then provides a voiced recitation to the manager of the downloaded access data. The manager can choose, by Touch-Tone instructions, to have the service provider send the downloaded data in FAXed form to a telephone number entered by the manager during the phone call. If the service provider has not earlier been provided with data correlating key serial numbers to the keys' respective custodians, the voiced or FAXed access log data will include serial numbers rather than names.
Companies with large numbers of security enclosures may choose a second option, namely to install their own central computer and support facilities. Such a system allows enterprise-wide tracking of access data in a master database, and enables interpreted reports (e.g. names instead of numbers), and reports specialized for different security tracking applications (e.g. reports detailing accesses for each employee, reports detailing accesses to particular security enclosures, etc., etc.).
The second class of key, as alluded to earlier, is the employee key. This is the key assigned to individuals who are employees of the organization utilizing the security enclosures. For example, in the restaurant example cited above, shift managers who currently carry mechanical keys would be assigned electronic employee keys.
To open the security enclosure, the employee simply inserts the key into the next, and depresses the "Open" button. (Entry of a PIN code is optional for employee keys.) If a security enclosure has not been programmed to accept a particular employee key, the enclosure will not open.
The third class of key is the vendor key. Many organizations have been forced to issue mechanical keys to delivery companies and service companies for after hours access. This creates a number of problems, not the least of which is auditing the vendors' use of these keys. Any change in vendor status requires rekeying of the locks.
Vendor keys according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention overcome these problems. Such keys are programmed to expire (become inactive) at a preset interval (e.g. daily, weekly, etc.). Such keys also automatically compile a log detailing each security enclosure access they've made (by enclosure ID, date and time.) To reactivate an expired key, the user must obtain an update code from the central computer and input that code into their key. During the process of obtaining this code, the central computer requires the keyholder to download all of its logged activity. This audit trail allows a manager to see the daily, weekly, or monthly activity of each vendor and each vendor keyholder.
The provision of update codes to vendors is desirably automated. Each vendor, if classified in the central computer database as "active," can obtain a key update code, via Touch-Tone, 24 hours per day, 7 days per week.
The expiration feature eliminates the need for the facility manager to program each security enclosure with all of the potential serial numbers of the vendors who have been granted access to the facility. The need for the facility manager to perform a lockout function if a vendor key is stolen is also greatly diminished.
The preferred vendor key also requires a vendor access code (in addition to the user's PIN) to open a security enclosure. Each vendor is assigned a different code. Each person using a vendor key must enter the vendor access code into the key (or have the key preprogrammed with this code) in order to gain access to the enclosure. Each security enclosure must be programmed with the vendor codes that it is to accept.
This feature enables an organization, such as the cited restaurant franchise, to provide or deny access to vendors by reprogramming the security enclosures to accept or reject the vendor access code. This feature provides the end results of a change in mechanical lock, but can be accomplished within minutes and without any expense.
The vendor access code can also be used as a building access code, since it can be specific to one (or more buildings).
Each security enclosure can be programmed for a variety of access control levels. Control levels can be effected on a per-enclosure or per-key basis, or more generally.
Each security enclosure can be programmed to lock out all keyholders by date, during specific hours of the day, or it can be set at a "privacy" level which prevents all keys from opening the enclosure (except the owner/manager key). In this programming mode, all keys are subject to the programming options set in the enclosure. In the preferred embodiment, the enclosures have the capability to store 12 different lockout dates (e.g. holidays), and five daily time-of-day lockouts.
Security enclosures can also be programmed on a per-key basis. For example, an enclosure can be programmed to lock out a specific employee key on specific days, or at specific times of day (e.g. an employee can be limited to access from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, only). Each security enclosure can store such key-specific programming instructions for up to 100 different keys.
Each security enclosure can also be programmed with up to 20 different vendor access codes, and have different day of week, and time of day restrictions for each.
If desired, embodiments according to the present invention can advantageously employ radio-reprogramming and radio-preauthorization, as detailed in the cited patent references.
From the foregoing, it will be recognized that the illustrated embodiment of the present invention finally solves the longstanding problem of mechanical re-keying, and does so without the cost or difficulty of replacing existing locks with electronic counterparts. Further, the illustrated embodiment can be installed without any wiring, and does not suffer from the battery failure problems of prior "solutions."
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a family of different access control devices is provided, each of which is operable with a common key. One such access control device can be a security enclosure of the sort described above. Another can be a strong box mounted to a building and having a key contained therein. Yet another can be an electronic padlock having a lockable shackle operable with the electronic key. Still another is a mortise door lock having a locking bolt that extends linearly to engage with a recess in a cooperating member (e.g. door frame). Yet another is a cam lock having a locking member that rotates into a locking position to prevent a secured member from moving. Each of these access control devices receives power from the key, and serves to log access data as set forth above.
Having described the principles of my invention with reference to a preferred embodiment and certain variations thereon, it should be apparent that these examples can be modified in arrangement and detail without departing from such principles. For example, while the illustrated embodiment contemplates providing each security enclosure with a list of keys to be accepted, in other systems the enclosure can be provided with a list of keys to be "locked out," and accept all other keys of a given class (e.g. assigned to a given corporate employer). Likewise, the illustrated embodiment can employ various combinations of other features disclosed in the cited patent references. Still further, while the invention has been illustrated with reference to a protective member 18 which slides to reveal the keyed lock within the enclosure, a variety of other mechanical access arrangements, such as hinged doors, can alternatively be employed. Likewise, other mechanical aspects of the illustrated embodiment can be varied in ways familiar to the artisan. Yet further, the principles of the present invention can also be applied to systems like those discussed in the Background section in which an existing mechanical lock is replaced with a simple flip lock, and the security enclosure is used to restrict access thereto.
As noted earlier, the applicability of the invention extends beyond securing locks, and encompasses securing any fixture (generally flush mounted). For example, in settings such as public marinas and campgrounds, there may be power and water hook-ups that are to be used only by paying customers, and are thus candidates for use of the present invention. Likewise, telephone outlets may be provided in generally public places (such as in meeting rooms in hotels), and access thereto should be restricted. Still other applications include switches of various forms and purposes (e.g. for controlling power to life support equipment in hospitals). Yet other applications include valves and connections to various fluid and gas supplies.
In view of the many possible embodiments to which the principles of the invention may be put, it should be recognized that the detailed embodiments are illustrative only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of my invention. Rather, I claim as my invention all such embodiments as may come within the scope and spirit of the following claims and equivalents thereto.
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Behind The Scenes: Beyoncé's H&M ad
There was a lot of chaos behind Beyonce's easy, breezy, beachy campaign for H&M. She may have made it look effortless as she rolled around in the sand and the waves, but Bey had to be quick on the uptake to get the moves down.
Her choreographer Frank Gatson revealed that she didn't have quite as much time to learn the steps as she introduced her upcoming single "Standing On The Sun" in the TV ad. There was just as much work for the crew, too! There was a lot that went into bringing H&M's vision to life.
"We came up with this idea to incorporate the four elements–earth, wind, fire, water–to create the drama and make something just visually stunning," said, H&M Creative Director Donald Schneider ."When we are in planning, everything seems to be easy and fun, but then when you arrive at the location, it's an incredible amount of work."
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Oliver Mack
Position: Shooting Guard ▪ Shoots: Right
Height: 6-3 ▪ Weight: 185 lbs.
Born: June 6, 1957 in New York, New York
High School: William Cullen Bryant in Long Island City, New York
College: East Carolina University
Draft: Los Angeles Lakers, 2nd round (3rd pick, 25th overall), 1979 NBA Draft
NBA Debut: October 26, 1979
Other Pages: College Basketball Stats
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- //Home
- //Music
- //Blogs
- //Mixed Media
Kyle Hollingsworth no doubt has a lofty task as a member of the String Cheese Incident; being in a group known for dynamic jams heavily reliant on tight interplay, Hollingsworth has no doubt had to build some serious chops as a result. Unsurprisingly, then, Hollingsworth has taken his creative energies into other realms, including solo work. Speed of Life, his latest outing, marks his third solo album, and in addition to Hollingsworth you'll hear musicians from the String Cheese Incident, Big Gigantic, and the Motet.
Hollingsworth tells PopMatters about the album, "My new album is a celebration of collaboration. From the many musicians of varied genres, including Big Gigantic, The Motet and Elephant Revival, each track has its own story ine in my 'speed of life.'"
Speed of Life is out on August 19th through Sci Fidelity.
Colette Carr "Static" (video) (Premiere) // Music
House of Blondes "First of July" (audio) (premiere) // Music
Digisaurus 'No More Room For Love' (EP stream) // Music
Eszter Balint 'Airless Midnight' (album stream) (premiere) // Music
PopMatters is on a short summer publishing break. We resume Monday, July 6th.
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Prochaines réunions
41st Annual Conference of the International Association of Aquatic and Marine Science ...
Sep 07-11, 2015
WECAFC - Scientific Advisory Group - 7th Session
Nov 07-08, 2015
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Anchors away for the Nansen voyage across the Indian Ocean
Join us for an exciting demonstration survey on the R/V Dr. Fridtjof Nansen in preparation for the 50th anniversary of the International Indian Ocean Expedition. This survey trip runs 28 June - 10 August 2015, [plus de détails…]
Workshop promotes capacity for fish trade and market access
FAO, in cooperation with EUROFISH and the Armenian Ministry of Agriculture, organized a three-day workshop for Central and Eastern European countries interested in international and intraregional trade in fish and [plus de détails…]
Brazilian Minister for Fisheries and Aquaculture Barbalho and FAO Assistant Director-General ...
Brazilian Minister for Fisheries and Aquaculture Helder Zahluth Barbalho visited FAO Headquarters in Rome, Italy, and met with Árni M. Mathiesen, Assistant Director-General, Fisheries and Aquaculture Department. The [plus de détails…]


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Jews divided over 'Mein Kampf' reprint
Historians have cheered news that Adolf Hitler's "Mein Kampf" will be reprinted in Germany for the first time since the Nazi dictator's fall in 1945, just as Holocaust survivors hit out at the move.
British publisher Peter McGee said he would put out excerpts from the anti-Semitic manifesto, which laid out the Fuehrer's vision long before he took power in 1933, alongside commentary putting the work in historical context
Academics said the time had come for some of the taboos surrounding the book in Germany to fall.
"I think we have a very inhibited approach to this material in Germany. You can read this book around the world – there is even a Hebrew translation in Israel," Journalism Professor Horst Poettker, who is providing some of the annotation for the project, told AFP....
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Mini-series of young adult novels by Ann Brashares
Human beings tend to fear the things they don't know, and that is often sensible, given the lurking dangers that confronted our distant ancestors. But sometimes we need to examine carefully the things we think we know: the pet shop owner in town, the … see full wiki
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Mini-series of young adult novels by Ann Brashares
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