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A water based self-polishing sealing composition as a protective coating for floors, metal parts and the like, utilizes a film forming polymeric coating agent and a hydrocarbon solvent having a solubility parameter from about 7.8 to 9.8 emulsified with a compatible surfactant.
1. A storage stable, self-polishing, sealing composition for a substrate, which is subject to accumulation of hydrophobic organic residues, which residues reduce the adhesion of said substrate to water-based finishing compositions, said composition comprising: an aqueous vehicle having therein (a) a self-polishing, film-forming polymeric coating agent selected from the group consisting of emulsion coatings, alkali-soluble coatings, solution coatings and mixtures thereof; and (b) an emulsified hydrocarbon solvent (i) having a solubility parameter of from about 7.8 to 9.8 and (ii) present in sufficient amounts to penetrate said accumulated hydrophobic organic residues and increase the adhesion of said substrate to water-based finishing compositions.
2. A storage stable, self-polishing, sealing composition for a substrate which is subject to accumulation of hydrophobic, oily or waxy organic residues, which reduce the adhesion of said substrate to finishing compositions, which comprises: an aqueous, emulsion-polymer floor coating composition including
(a) a hydrocarbon solvent (i) with a solubility parameter from about 7.8 to 9.8 and (ii) present in amounts from about 1 to 15% by weight of said composition, to penetrate said residue and;
(b) a nonionic surfactant to emulsify said solvent, said surfactant (i) having an HLB between about 12.5 and 15.5 and (ii) compatible with said hydrocarbon solvent.
3. A storage stable, self-polishing sealing composition for a substrate, which is subject to accumulation of hydrophobic, oily or waxy organic residues, which reduce the adhesion of said substrate to finishing compositions which comprises: an aqueous alkali-soluble polymer floor coating composition including:
(a) a hydrocarbon solvent (i) with a solubility parameter from about 7.8 to 9.8 and (ii) present in amounts from about 1 to 15% by weight of said composition to penetrate said residue and
(b) a nonionic surfactant to emulsify said solvent, said surfactant (i) having an HLB between about 12.5 and 15.5 and (ii) compatible with said hydrocarbon solvent.
4. A storage stable, self-polishing sealing composition for a substrate, which is subject to accumulation of hydrophobic, oily or waxy organic residues, which reduce the adhesion of said substrate to finishing compositions which comprises: an aqueous solution polymer floor coating composition including
(a) a hydrocarbon solvent (i) with a solubility parameter from about 7.8 to 9.8 and (ii) present in amounts from about 1 to 15% by weight of said composition, to penetrate said residue and
(b) a nonionic surfactant to emulsify said solvent, said surfactant (i) having an HLB between about 12.5 and 15.5 and (ii) compatible with said hydrocarbon solvent.
5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the sealing composition comprises:
(I) from about 7 to 25% by weight of the composition of solids, said solids comprising from:
(a) 0 to 99% weight of an emulsion polymer having a glass transition temperature (Tg) from about -15� C. to +75� C.
(b) 0 to 92% by weight of an alkali-soluble resin, wherein the total weight of said emulsion polymer and said alkali soluble resin is at least about 20% by weight;
(c) 0 to 30% by weight of a wax;
(d) 0 to 10% by weight of a fatty acid;
(e) 0.05 to 8% by weight of a surfactant having an HLB from 12.5 to 15.5;
(f) 0 to 20% by weight of a plasticizer;
(g) 0 to 1% by weight of a leveling agent;
(II) from about 0.1 to 20% by weight of the composition of a hydrocarbon solvent having a solubility parameter from about 7.8 to 9.8 and an HLB from 12.5 to 15.5; and
(III) the balance of the sealing composition comprising an aqueous vehicle, wherein sufficient ammonia is present to provide a pH for said sealing composition from 6 to 10.5.
6. The composition of claim 2 including from about 7 to 25% of the composition as solids, said solids comprising:
(a) from about 50 to 80% by weight of an emulsion polymer having a glass transition temperature between -15� C. and 75� C.;
(b) from about 10 to 15 by weight of an alkali soluble resin;
(c) from about 3 to 5% by weight of a wax;
(d) from about 2 to 5% by weight of a fatty acid;
(e) from about 1 to 4% by weight of a non-ionic surfactant;
(f) from about 5 to 10% by weight of a plasticizer; and
(g) from about 0 to 1% by weight of a leveling agent;
wherein said hydrocarbon solvent is present in amounts from about 3% to 5% by weight of said composition; and the balance of said composition being water, sufficient aqueous ammonia being added to provide the composition with a pH from about 6 to 10.5.
This invention relates to a sealing composition for various substrates, including floors or metallic surfaces. In particular, it relates to an improved self-polishing sealer for floors, which provides better adhesion for later-applied water-based floor finishes.
Sealing compositions have been widely utilized and are normally applied over substrates to prepare them for final finishes. Commercially available sealers for floors, metal parts and other substrates have several major limitations. For example, resilient floors, which have not been thoroughly cleaned or which have been maintained with buffable waxes, tend to build up hydrophobic residues of oily or waxy hydrocarbons. Further, a protective hydrophobic or mill finish coating is often applied to new flooring. Flooring, which has been maintained or prepared to contain a hydrophobic coating or residue, resists application of water-based waxes, sealers or protective coating, due to a lack of adhesive sites.
Metal parts are often coated with waxy or oily release agents to expedite processing in mold-forming machines. A rust retardant must be able to penetrate the release agent to adhere to and seal the part. Machine parts having a lubricating layer require a protective paint finish, periodically. Conventional water-based paints do not adhere to oily lubricated surfaces. Tile floors contain minute pores which have a tendency to collect waxes and other residues. These waxes and residues form a seal on the tile and prevent the tile beneath from being wetted by water-based finishes.
In each of the problem areas illustrated above, a sealing composition is required which can penetrate the oily or waxy residues to provide anchoring or adhesion sites for a water-based finish, such as a floor polish, paint, wax or protective coat.
Previously, substrates with accumulated hydrophobic residues were treated with hydrocarbon-solvent-based sealers. However, such organic solvent-based sealers have been criticized as environmentally undesirable, as unduly expensive and wasteful of petroleum feedstocks and as detrimental to work-place safety. Such organic solvent based sealers are not self-polishing and require buffing. Water-based coating compositions are preferred, since they meet previous objections and can be formulated to be self-polishing. Unfortunately, prior, water-based compositions do not provide sufficient adhesion to substrates previously treated with oil-based buffable finishes.
It is most desirable for many applications that the sealing composition dry to a glossy film (dry-bright) without the need for time-consuming and expensive buffing steps. It has, therefore, long been desired to provide a self-polishing sealing composition for substrates having pores filled with hydrophobic residues, which will provide enhanced adhesive sites for a later applied water-based finish.
In columns 7 and 8 of U.S. Pat. No. 2,862,899 there is disclosed an emulsion polish optionally employing a hydrocarbon solvent. The solvent functions to disperse or dissolve the active wax and polytrifluorochloroethylene ingredients. The polish does not dry bright and normally requires buffing to achieve a glossy finish. Minor amounts of resin, below 10% by weight, are optionally employed as a diluent for the wax.
A water-based coating composition containing a hydrocarbon is disclosed, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,086,871, as useful for plugging pores in chrome plate. The composition must be buffed to provide gloss and does not contain film-forming polymers. U.S. Pat. No. 2,993,800 describes compositions useful as sizings for paper, which employ solvents to dissolve wax for ease in handling. U.S. Pat. No. 3,393,078 discloses a water based emulsion polish containing a volatile hydrocarbon and a wax. This composition does not dry bright, but is buffed after application. No film-forming polymeric coating agents are present.
It is an object of this invention to provide a storage stable, self-polishing aqueous sealing composition for a substrate subject to accumulation of hydrophobic residues.
It is another object of this invention to provide a sealing composition adapted to penetrate hydrophobic residues in substrates and increase the adhesion of the substrate to later applied finishes.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a stable, self polishing, aqueous sealer to improve the adhesion of water-based floor finishes to floor surfaces having waxy residues accumulated in pores.
Other objects and advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description.
The above and other objects are met in a storage stable, self-polishing, sealing composition for a substrate, which is subject to accumulation of hydrophobic organic residues, wherein the residues reduce the adhesion of the substrate to finishing compositions. The sealing composition comprises an aqueous vehicle which contains a self-polishing film-forming polymeric coating agent and an emulsified hydrocarbon solvent. The solvent has a solubility parameter from about 7.8 to 9.8. Sufficient amounts of solvent are employed to penetrate the accumulated hydrophobic organic residues and to increase the adhesion of the substrate to finishing compositions.
As employed herein, the term "self-polishing film-forming polymeric coating agent" refers to polymer systems which can be stored for prolonged periods, are substantially free from gelling and changes in viscosity, or phase separation and which dry from an aqueous carrier to a glossy finish. As employed herein; the term "solubility parameter" or "δ" refers to ability to solubilize or the solvent power of a solvent.
In the present compositions, hydrophobic hydrocarbon solvents are employed to aid in penetrating and achieving a partial dissolution of the waxy, oily residues in the substrate to improve the adhesion of the sealer. It is postulated that the hydrocarbon solvent attacks the accumulated residue and removes portions thereof, so water based finishing compositions can be successfully applied. Previously, hydrocarbon solvents were incorporated in aqueous, wax-polish emulsions in amounts sufficient to disperse or dissolve the wax as a water-out emulsion. Additional hydrocarbon solvent, beyond the minimum quantity required to disperse the wax, was unneeded and undesirable, since the excess solvent could float to the surface of the emulsion and pose various difficulties.
It has now been found that excess hydrocarbon solvents, beyond that needed to disperse any wax therein, can be incorporated into an aqueous sealer composition providing that a proper selection of solvent and emulsifier are made, taking into account the solubility parameter of the solvent and the HLB (hydrophile-lipophile balance) of the emulsifier (or surfactant).
Solubility parameter is a term known to the art and is discussed in detail in the Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 2nd Ed. Supplement, at pages 889-910 (1971). Solubility parameter has been defined as the square root of the energy of vaporization per cubic centimeter of a solvent. Thus δ=(ΔEv)/(V)1/2 ; where ΔEv is energy of vaporization and V is molar volume. Solubility parameter is also expressed as δ2 =δD 2+δP 2+δH 2, where δD is the dispersion component of the solubility parameter; δP is the polar component of the solubility parameter and δH is the hydrogen bonding component of the solubility parameter. Such parameters are available for a large number of solvents, as set forth in Table 1 on pages 892-896 of the Kirk-Othmer text reference, which reference is incorporated herein for pages 889-910.
The concept of `HLB` is well known to those with ordinary skill in the art and is set forth in particular, in Clues To Surfactant Selection Offered By The HLB System by W. C. Griffin, Official Digest, June 1956, which is expressly incorporated herein. For the present composition, an oil-in-water emulsion, the solubility parameter of the solvent should be about 7.8 to about 9.8 and the HLB of the surfactant (or emulsifier) should be from about 12.5 to about 15.5. Mixtures of solvents and surfactants within the relationship expressed above are also employed.
Stable, self-polishing sealers for coating floors subjected to heavy traffic or maintained with buffable wax polishes are provided which include an aqueous emulsion polymer floor coating composition having dispersed therein a hydrocarbon solvent having a solubility parameter from about 7.8 to 9.8 and a nonionic surfactant to emulsify the solvent, having an HLB between about 12.5 and 15.5. The floor coating composition can either be in emulsion, alkalisoluble or solution, form.
In general, the sealing compositions of the invention have a non-volatiles content from about 7% to 25% by weight of the total composition and, preferably, from about 12-25% by weight of the composition. At lower ranges of non-volatiles, the gloss characteristics of the applied film and the durability of the film, including the black heel mark resistance of the film, are somewhat reduced. At the higher range of solids, the converse is obtained, since greater film thickness, is obtained.
In addition to the sealing compositions containing from about 7 to 25% non-volatiles, the present composition may also be prepared in a concentrated form containing up to about 30-40% solids. Such concentrated compositions are diluted during use, either by mixing the concentrate with water or upon application thereof with a wet mop or applicator.
The coating compositions of the present invention can be applied by hand. For this and other purposes including stability, the pH of the sealing composition is adjusted from about 6 to 10.5 to limit or reduce any adverse dermal or other reactions. For the preferred emulsion floor coating compositions of the invention, the pH is between about 7.5 and about 9.6 and, most preferably, about 9.2.
The self-polishing, stable, film-forming agents are preferably emulsion floor coating compositions, alkalisoluble floor coating compositions or solution floor coating compositions. Typical emulsion floor coating compositions which may be suitable are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,308,078, which is incorporated herein by reference. Typical alkalisoluble floor coating compositions which may be suitable are found in U.S. Pat. No. 3,320,196, which is incorporated herein by reference. Typical solution floor coatings which may be suitable are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,013,607, which is incorporated herein by reference.
The sealer compositions of the present invention employ a self-polishing film-forming polymer and an emulsified hydrocarbon solvent. In the preferred floor sealing compositions, the film-forming polymer will include an emulsion polymer and an alkali-soluble resin. An emulsifying surfactant is present to disperse the hydrocarbon solvent. Other materials typically present in such floor coating compositions include leveling agents, plasticizers, emulsifiable waxes, alkanolic-film enhancers, pH modifiers (as ammonia), film modifiers, perfumes and the like.
The emulsion polymers employed in the emulsion polymer floor coatings are the conventional polyligand emulsion polymers having a minimum film forming temperature (MFT) of less than about 80� C. and formed from 0-20% of an acrylic acid (AA), or methacrylic acid (MAA) monomer (acid-containing monomer) and from 80% to 100% of at least two ligand-free polymerizable monomers selected from acrylate or methacrylate derivatives and vinyl-aryl or vinylalkaryl monomers, as set forth generally in U.S. Pat. No. 3,308,078. Typical acrylates, methacrylates and vinyl aryl or alkaryl monomers are styrene(S), α-methylstyrene (AMS), vinyl toluene (VT), methyl methacrylate (MMA), ethyl methacrylate (EMA), ethyl acrylate (EA), butyl acrylate (BA), 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA), and the like. The emulsion polymers employed preferably have a glass transition temperature (Tg) between about -15� C. and +75� C. For most applications it is preferred that the Tg is from -15� C. to +25� C. The acid-containing monomer is included if some alkali strippability is desired for the sealing composition.
Preferred emulsion polymers are formed from the following monomers in amounts expressed in parts by weight.
(A) 30 methyl methacrylate/60 butyl acrylate/10 methacrylic acid
(B) 65 styrene/30 butyl acrylate/5 methacrylic acid
(C) 55 styrene/40 ethyl acrylate/5 methacrylic acid
(D) 58 styrene/30 ethyl acrylate/12 methacrylic acid
(E) 49 methyl methacrylate/44 butyl acrylate/7 methacrylic acid
The Tg of (A) is -3� C. The Tg of (B) is 39� C. The Tg of (C) is 43� C. The Tg of (D) is 63� C. The Tg of (E) is 17� C.
A particularly preferred emulsion polymer is formed from the following monomers: (F) 38-49 parts methyl methacrylate/48-52 parts butyl acrylate/5-9 parts methacrylic acid. The Tg of (F) is generally from about 4�-17� C.
The preferred emulsion polymers generally possess a weight average molecular weight over about 100,000.
In general, the emulsion polymers are employed in the sealing compositions in amounts from 0 to 99% by weight of solids, usually from 20 to 90% by weight of solids and, preferably, from 50 to 80% by weight of solids. All solids weights are based on the total weight of solids of the composition.
Conventional alkali soluble resins having a weight average molecular weight from about 500 to 10,000 and preferably from 1000 to 5000 are also employed as film-formers. These can include condensation type resins having an acid number from about 120 to about 220, addition type resins having an acid number from about 140 to about 300 and mixtures thereof. The addition type resins are formed from a vinyl aryl or vinyl alkaryl monomer and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or maleic acid monomer. Other unsaturated acid monomers can be employed, such as crotonic acid, fumaric acid, and itaconic acid. Typical preferred alkali soluble resins are formed from the following monomers: styrene/acrylic acid; styrene/maleic acid, alpha methyl styrene/styrene/butyl acrylate/acrylic acid and methyl methacrylate/methacrylic acid.
The addition type alkali soluble resins are often employed as a conventional resin cut, which is an aqueous solution of the resin with an alkaline substance having a fugitive cation (such as ammonium hydroxide).
If desired, other commercially available alkali soluble resins can be employed, such as rosin/maleic anhydride adducts which are condensed with polyols, and the like.
The particular alkali soluble resin and level of addition to the sealer composition are selected based upon the appropriate balance of gloss, leveling and adhesion desired. In general, the alkali soluble resin is employed in amounts from 0 to 92% by weight of solids, more preferably from 0 to 40% by weight of solids, and when employed as a resin cut in an emulsion floor sealing composition, from about 10 to 15% by weight of solids.
A preferred alkali soluble resin is formed from 67% styrene and 33% acrylic acid, said resin having a weight average molecular weight from about 6500 to 9500 and an acid number of 170 to 200.
The alkali soluble resin can be employed without an emulsion polymer to form a solution coating sealer composition. It can also be employed with an emulsion polymer in varying proportions to provide an alkali soluble or emulsion type sealing composition. In an alkali soluble system, from about 30 to 50% by weight of solids of alkali soluble resin is employed with about 20 to 60% by weight of solids of emulsion polymer.
The preferred emulsion polymer system utilizes from about 50 to 80% by weight of solids of an emulsion polymer and 10 to 20% by weight of solids of an alkali soluble resin.
The hydrocarbon solvent is a weakly-hydrogenbonded solvent having a solubility parameter, δ, between about 7.8 and 9.8. Solvents which function as adhesion promoters in the present invention include certain aromatic hydrocarbons, paraffinic hydrocarbons, halohydrocarbons, ketones and esters. Examples of such hydrocarbon solvents include toluene (δ=8.9), naphtha (δ=7.8), dipentene (δ=8.5), trichloroethane (δ=9.6) methyl isobutylketone (δ=8.4), ethylacetate (δ=9.1), carbitol acetate (δ=8.5), 2-ethyl hexanol (δ=9.8) and the like.
The non-aromatic solvents can sometimes be incompatable with resilient floor materials. However, such solvents are effective for use with coated metal parts and machinery.
Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents are preferred for floor sealing compositions of the invention. An especially preferred solvent is xylene, which has a δ of 8.8.
Hydrocarbon solvents are normally employed in amounts from about 0.1 to 20% by weight of the aqueous sealing composition, although greater or lesser amounts can be employed in certain cases. Preferably the solvents are utilized in amounts from about 1 to 15% by weight of the composition and, for best results, from about 3% to 5% by weight of solvent is employed.
An extremely desirable ingredient in the present sealing compositions is a surfactant. Preferably anionic or nonionic surfactants are employed, which serve to; enhance the dispersability of the hydrocarbon solvent, increase the storage stability of the composition, reduce the tendency of the composition to foam or bubble on application, and allow even film formation of the composition upon application (leveling).
To emulsify the solvent, preferably a nonionic surfactant is employed, although anionic surfactants may sometimes be utilized for this purpose. Preferred nonionic surfactants are the ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide derivatives of alkyl phenols, aliphatic acids, aliphatic alcohols, glycols, glycol ethers, alkaryl esters and vegetable oils. The surfactants should have a hydrophiliclipophilic balance (HLB) between about 12.5 and 15.5, preferably between 13.5 and 14.5.
Especially suitable nonionic surfactants include the fatty acid esters of sorbitol copolymerized with at least about 20 moles of ethylene oxide, such as polyoxyethylene (20 moles) sorbitan monooleate (HLB 15.0). Mixtures of such sorbitan derivatives with the partial esters of fatty acids (such as lauric, stearic, palmitic, oleic) condensed with hexitol anhydrides derived from sorbitol, are also preferred.
An especially preferred nonionic surfactant is an ethylene oxide modified alkyl phenol and particularly, nonyl phenol modified with 12 moles of ethylene oxide having an HLB of 14.1.
The nonionic surfactant is generally employed in amounts from about 0.05 to 8% by weight of solids.
It has been found that fatty acids can act as a leveling aid and can assist in emulsifying the hydrocarbon solvent. In general, typical fatty acids include the C12 -C18 saturated or unsaturated fatty acids of animal or vegetable origin. Fatty acids synthesized from petroleum feedstocks, are also employed. The preferred fatty acid is a so-called tall oil fatty acid (TOFA), which is a mixture of rosin acids, fatty acids and other material obtained by the acid treatment of the alkaline liquors derived from the digesting of pine wood. The tall oil fatty acids contain about 35-40% rosin acids and 50-60% fatty acids. Other saturated fatty acids include lauric, palmitic and stearic acids. Unsaturated fatty acids include oleic acid.
Usually the fatty acids are employed in amounts from 0-10% by weight of solids, preferably from about 2 to 5% by weight of solids.
Where the sealing compositions of the invention are to be employed as sealer-polishes or in other high gloss formulations exposed to foot traffic, as floor coatings, it is preferable to incorporate a wax to improve the wear properties of the composition. The waxes or mixtures of waxes which may be used include waxes of a vegetable, animal, petroleum derived, and/or mineral, origin. Typical waxes include carnauba wax, candelilla wax oxidized Fischer-Tropsch wax, microcrystalline wax, lanolin; bayberry wax, palm kernal wax, mutton tallow wax, emulsifiable polyethylene wax, polyethylene copolymers, emulsifiable petroleum derived waxes, montan wax derivatives, emulsifiable polypropylene wax and the like.
A preferred wax is an oxidized polyethylene wax.
The waxes are employed in amounts from 0 to 30% by weight of solids, and preferably from 2 to 5% by weight of solids.
The compositions may contain from about 0 to about 20% by weight plasticizers wherever necessary to provide a film of suitable hardness and appearance. It has been found that most hard resins can be plasticized to improve their film forming properties. Such resins often have a Tg from 25� C. to 75� C. Since the purpose of the plasticizer is to impart film forming properties to the coating composition and since it is not always necessary to impart flexibility to the resin composition when it is inherently tough and flexible, a fugitive or semi-fugitive plasticizer may sometimes be employed rather than a permanent plasticizer. Mixtures of fugitive and permanent plasticizers may also be employed.
Examples of essentially permanent plasticizers that are suitable include benzyl butyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate, triphenyl phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl benzyl phthalate, butyl cyclohexyl phthalate, mixed benzoic acid and fatty oil acid esters of pentaerythritol, poly(propylene adipate) dibenzoate, diethylene glycol dibenzoate, tetrabutylthiodi-succinate, butyl phthalyl butyl glycolate, triethyl citrate, acetyl triethyl citrate, tributyl citrate, acetyl tributyl citrate, dibenzyl sebacate, tricresyl phosphate, toluene ethyl sulfonamide, the di-2-ethylhexyl ester of hexamethylene glycol diphthalate, di-(methylcyclohexyl)-phthalate and tributyl phosphate.
Examples of fugitive plasticizers include the monoethyl or monomethyl ether of diethylene glycol, isophorone, benzyl alcohol, and 3-methoxybutanol-1. The particular amount of plasticizer employed is chosen in accordance with the demand for compatability and film flexability.
A particularly preferred plasticizer, which also serves as a leveling agent, is tributoxyethyl phosphate.
For most purposes from about 5-10% by weight of solids of plasticizer is employed. Lesser amounts may be utilized where polymers having low glass transition temperatures, predominate.
In order to enhance the characteristics of a film formed from the instant sealing composition, from 0-10% by weight of a polyhydroxy polyether, a lower alkanol or high-boiling glycol can be employed. These organic solvents aid in extending the drying time of the coating composition. Also, more importantly they aid in coalescing the polymer and wax particles to provide a more uniform film, as well as imparting increased gloss and leveling characteristics to the composition. Typical polyethers include mono- and dialkyl ethers of diethylene glycol and their derivatives, also known as Carbitols. Typical glycols are ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, etc., while the alkanols include isopropanol, butanol, etc. A particularly preferred polyether is diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, also identified herein as Carbitol. The polyethers can be used alone or combined with the alkanols or polyhydric alcohols, such as ethylene glycol.
For the purposes of this invention from about 0-7% by weight of composition of the polyether is employed.
In addition to the leveling function imparted by the plasticizer and surfactants, the composition of the invention may include from 0-1% by weight of solids of a leveling agent, such as the fluorochemical leveling agents disclosed, inter alia, in U.S. Pat. No. 2,937,098 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,163,547.
Aqueous ammonia is present in the compositions of the invention in a concentration sufficient to provide a pH of from about 6 to 10.5 Ammonia may be provided in the coating composition in the form of concentrated ammonium hydroxide. A portion or all of the ammonium hydroxide may be replaced with sodium or potassium hydroxide or an organic amine. However, such replacement is usually accompanied by a decrease in the water resistance (spotting resistance) of the product.
In general, typical floor sealing compositions of the invention comprise by total weight of composition from: 12-70% water; 25-40% emulsion floor polish polymer; 3-20% alkali soluble resin; 0.01 to 20%, preferably 1-15%, most preferably, 3-5%, hydrocarbon solvent; 0-18% and preferably, 1-3% wax emulsion; 0.05-0.75% nononic surfactant; 0.2-1% fatty acid; 0.2-1% ammonia; 0.5-3% plasticizer; 0.01-1% fluorochemical leveling agent and 0-1% polyether alcohol.
If desired formaldehyde or other antimicrobial agents may be employed in conventional amounts (0.1%) to prevent undesired haze or odors from developing in the compositions upon prolonged storage and to otherwise ensure biological stability.
The compositions of the invention may also be used for impregnating and sealing the pores of textiles, leather, paper or other porous or fibrous materials. They may also be applied to plastic sheets such as cellophane, polyethylene, polyethylene glycol terephthalate, saran and the like. They may also be applied to rigid surfaces, including metals, such as steel, aluminum, copper, tin, wrought iron and painted surfaces such as auto bodies. The compositions can also be applied to wood, stone, brick, glass, cement, asbestos shingles or siding, terrazzo, and concrete surfaces, such as floors and the like. The compositions are particularly preferred for sealing and polishing floors and plastic tiles, such as linoleum, asphalt, vinyl and vinyl-asbestos.
In general, the ingredients of the present compositions may be admixed in the order desired.
Where a wax is employed in the coating compositions, it is usually added to the composition in the form of an emulsion. Typical wax emulsions contain approximately 20 to 40% by weight solids and are formed by dispersing the wax in water by means of a suitable dispersing agent. Suitable agents include sodium salts of higher fatty acid sulfates, the higher fatty acid salts, ethylene oxide modified alkyl phenols and other conventional dispersing agents.
The hydrocarbon solvent is usually premixed with the nonionic surfactant and added to the charge as a solvent-surfactant homogeneous dispersion, under agitation.
The compositions of the invention can be applied to surfaces in a conventional fashion. In a preferred embodiment, as in a floor sealing composition; the composition is applied as follows. The floor is cleaned with a commercially available hard surface stripper-cleaner. After a thorough rinsing, the floor is allowed to dry. Next, a preferred formulation for use as a self-polishing floor sealer is applied by a suitable mopping, swabbing or dipping procedure. The film is allowed to dry. The sealed substrate can be recoated with a conventional emulsion floor finish to obtain maximum scuff resistance and durability.
A preferred composition adapted for use as a self-polishing floor sealer is set forth below. For each component percent by weight of total solids, parts solids, and percent by weight of composition, is provided.
______________________________________PREPARATION EXAMPLE IComponents % Solids Solids % Composition______________________________________Emulsion polymer41MMA/52BA/7MAA35% solids solution 71.50 11.44 32.69Alkali soluble resin67S/33AA20% solids solution 15.00 2.40 12.00Xylene 3.00Nonyl phenolcondensed/12 molesethylene oxide 0.94 0.15 0.15Oxidized polyethylenewax emulsion20% solids 3.00 0.48 1.92Tall oil fatty acids 2.50 0.40 0.40Tributoxyethylphosphate plasticizer 7.00 1.12 1.12Ammonia(28% solution) 0.40Diethylene glycolmonoethyl ether 0.30Fluorochemicalleveling agent 0.06 0.01 0.04Water 47.98 100.00 16.00 100.00______________________________________
The composition was prepared by the procedure set forth hereinafter. This preparation procedure is illustrative for the various sealing systems which can be formulated in accordance with the present invention.
To prepare the inventive formulation, the water, fluorochemical leveling agent and ammonia were admixed. Under agitation, the tall oil fatty acid was added to form an intermediate mix. In a separate container xylene and the nonionic surfactant were mixed until the surfactant was completely dissolved in the xylene. Next, under agitation, the xylene-surfactant blend was added to the intermediate mix and the resulting mixture was agitated to form a uniform blend. Next the emulsion polymer (Tg=5� C.) and alkali soluble resin were sequentially added to the uniform blend. Finally, the plasticizer and wax emulsion were added thereto under agitation and the resulting composition, filtered. The non-volatiles were 16%. The pH was about 9.2.
The composition was tested on a floor maintained with buffable wax polishes. The gloss of the composition was at least comparable to conventional water based finishes. The adhesion and spread was superior to conventional water based floor sealers.
The sealing compositions can also be applied to the numerous substrates as set forth hereinbefore, by various methods including application with a rag, mop, brush, non-woven cloth and by spraying and/or dipping.
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the present invention and are not limitive of scope. All temperatures are in degrees centigrade and all parts and percentages are by weight.
In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the present invention a self-polishing, emulsion polymer sealing composition was prepared. The composition of the sealer was as follows with ingredients present in percent by weight of composition:
______________________________________Polymer* 45.4Xylene 2.0Nonylphenol + 12 moles 0.1ethylene oxideFatty acid 0.4flurocarbon leveling 1.0agent (1% solids)Diethylene glycol 0.3monomethyl etherWater 50.8 100.0______________________________________ *35% emulsion polymer of 38 MMA/52BA/5MAA having a Tg of 40� C.
To prepare the composition, the water, DGME, fatty acid and fluorocarbon leveling agent were admixed, sequentially. The xylene and surfactant were premixed and added to the aqueous solution with agitation. The mix was stirred for 5 minutes and filtered. A stable, self-polishing sealer is obtained.
The sealer is applied to a vinyl floor, previously maintained with a buffable floor finish. After two, four and 24 hours, a piece of Scotch brand cellophane tape is applied across the finish and peeled off thereafter. The tape and floor are examined to determine if the film has been removed. The adhesion of the sealer film after 2, 4 and 24 hours was satisfactory and the tack after 2 hours was satisfactory. The sealer finish exhibits a high degree of gloss, and levels acceptably.
The sealing composition contained 99.3% of emulsion polymer solids. No alkali soluble resin, wax emulsion or plasticizer were present in this formulation.
To illustrate the scope of emulsion polymers useful in the present invention five sealing compositions were prepared substantially as set forth in Preparation Example I with the exception that the following emulsion polymers were substituted in place of the emulsion polymer employed therein:
______________________________________II-A 65S/30BA/5MAA; Tg 39� C.; 35% nonvolatiles - 26.8 partsII-B 55S/40EA/5MAA; Tg 43� C.; 35% nonvolatiles - 26.8 partsII-C 58S/30EA/12MAA; Tg 63� C. - 23.4 partsII-D 48 MMA/47EHA/5MAA; Tg (-) 14� C.; 25 partsII-E 53 MMA/42EHA/5MAA; Tg (-) 6� C.; 25 parts______________________________________
Tack, adhesion, gloss and leveling properties of the applied sealing film were satisfactory.
To demonstrate the effectiveness of a sealing composition formed from an alkali soluble floor coating, the following composition was prepared in accordance with Example I and tested:
______________________________________ % of Composition______________________________________Emulsion polymer* 14.3Alkali soluble resin** 56.5Xylene 3.0Nonylphenol + 12EO 0.1Tall oil fatty acids 0.4Tributoxyethyl phosphate 1.1Wax emulsion*** 1.728% ammonium hydroxide 0.4Carbitol 0.3Fluorocarbon leveling agent 1.0Water 21.2 100.0______________________________________ *49 MMA/44BA/7MAA; 35% nonvolatiles; Tg: 17� C. **67S/33AA; 11.3% resin solution ***20% solids, oxidized polyethylene emulsion
Adhesion and tack were superior to the sealer of Preparation Example I.
In order to demonstrate the utility of a sealer composition employing a solution floor coating polymer system, the following composition was prepared according to Example I and tested:
______________________________________ % of Composition______________________________________Alkali soluble resin cut 73.70(67S/33AA) (20% nonvolatiles)Xylene 3.00Nonylphenol + 12EO 0.15Plasticizer (Dibutyl phthalate) 1.10Leveling agent 1.00Carbitol 0.30Water 20.75 100.00______________________________________
The alkali resin solids were 92% of the total nonvolatiles. The adhesion and tack of the sealer are satisfactory, when applied to a floor maintained with a buffable wax.
In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the various hydrocarbon solvents employed in the present invention, eight sealer compositions were prepared similar to that in Preparation Example I. The following solvents were substituted for xylene at a 10% level of addition: methyl isobutylketone, ethyl acetate, carbitol acetate, 2-ethylhexanol, toluene, naphtha, dipentene and trichloroethane. The adhesion and tack of such compositions, when applied to a floor, were almost as good as the xylenecontaining composition.
In order to illustrate the levels of addition of hydrocarbon solvents employed in the present invention, two sealing compositions similar to that illustrated in Preparation Example I were prepared, wherein 0.1% by weight of toluene and 20% by weight of xylene, respectively, were employed in place of xylene at the 3% level of addition. Similar results were obtained with regard to adhesion and tack.
In order to show the levels of addition of nonionic surfactants useful in the compositions of the invention, two floor sealing compositions similar to that illustrated in Preparation Example I were prepared employing 0.05% by weight of solids of nonionic surfactant and 8% by weight of solids of nonionic surfactant in place of 0.9% employed therein. Similar results were obtained regarding adhesion and tack.
To demonstrate the results obtained when a sealing composition is prepared without emulsified xylene, two compositions were prepared, each containing:
______________________________________ % of Composition______________________________________Emulsion polymer*; 62.5Alkali soluble resin**; 8.028% ammonium hydroxide; 0.5Wax emulsion***; 2.0Tributoxyethyl phosphate; 1.1Tall Oil fatty acids; 0.8Fluorocarbon leveling agent; and 1.0Water 24.1 100.0______________________________________ *4.1 mixture of 43 MMA/52BA/5MA; 35% nonvolatiles; Tg: 4� C. and 65S/20EA/15MAA; 35% nonvolatiles; Tg: 80� C. **67S/33AA; 20% nonvolatiles. ***polyethylene wax emulsion; 40% nonvolatiles.
The first composition did not contain an emulsified xylene, while the second composition contained 5% by weight of xylene, emulsified with 0.3% by weight of nonylphenol+12EO.
The second composition exhibited superior spread and better adhesion, when applied to heavily used vinyl floor tiles. A third composition was prepared employing xylene which was not emulsified with a surfactant. The results also showed that emulsified xylene sealer exhibits better spread than the nonemulsified xylene sealer.
The previous examples are illustrative only. Other variations and embodiments will be apparent to those with ordinary skill in this art. The invention is not to be limited except as set forth in the following claims.
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What's On
There's always something on in the Gong! Check out our events calendar to find events happening on your next visit.
Submit your event Find our how you can submit your event to appear on our calendar. view details…
Junior Keeper Camps
2 - 10 July 2015
Licorice Allsorts Art Exhibition & Sale
3 - 5 July 2015
Big Nyte Out
3 July 2015
Chloe and Christi, Sequins and Secrets: The Oz Tour - Wollongong
5 July 2015
North Wollongong
Tea by the Sea - City Beach
5 July 2015
Wollongong East
School Holidays - Who's been working on the railway?
5 July 2015
Sydney Suburbs

subset: commoncrawl


text:
G'day Clifford,
I am wanting to show the title of the category archive only. Is there a short code that I can use to achieve this?
So instead of:
Category Archive
3 Posts in "CategoryName"
I just want:
The [post_categories] short code works if all posts in the loop have a single category, but not when any posts have more than one. So that solution does not work in this instance. I'm guessing that I'm looking for a shortcode that displays the name of the page, but there seems to be no documentation for it.


text:
Welcome to the Official Website of the
Isle of Wight Divisional Football Association.
The Isle of Wight Football Association is one of six divisions of
The Hampshire FA.
The others are Bournemouth, Portsmouth, Southampton,
North Hampshire & Aldershot.
|Click on the
image for up
to date news
on the progress
of our teams
Do you know someone who you'd consider as having made a significant contribution to safeguarding children and young people who are particularly vulnerable?
The NSPCC, Child Protection in Sport Unit (CPSU), would particularly like to hear about the achievements of individuals at a club, facility or activity level who have helped to include and safeguard young people who may, for example, be disabled, LGBT, elite young athletes, at risk of social exclusion, or part of other vulnerable groups.
All nominees will receive an acknowledgment from the CPSU. As in previous years, a panel of young sports people will review the nominations and select the six nominees who they believe have made outstanding contributions to inclusion and safeguarding in their club, organisation or sport.
The FA fully supports this event and wishes to encourage applications from across football.
Nominees will be invited to attend the CPSU Lead Officers' event Safeguarding children – celebrating difference on 14 October 2015, which will include a Safeguarding Stars presentation.
All nominations should be sent directly to firstname.lastname@example.com by the 10th July 2015, not to The FA or County Football Associations.
Nominations are open - To access the Safeguarding Stars nomination form CLICK HERE
UK Beach Soccer Super Cup 2015
DATES ARE SET so mark your calendar... Saturday 11th & Sunday 12th July 2015 will see the UK Beach Soccer Super Cup back at Appley Beach, Ryde, Isle of Wight; now in its thirteenth year this annual beach soccer cup hosts teams from across the UK playing in a world cup style format event over two days, on one of the UK's most beautiful coastal beaches... register your team today to be there and to join the beach soccer party!
1) Cost is £100 (10 players
per team maximum, £10 per head)
2) Saturday morning: team check-in at the beach soccer team reception.
3) Tournament date: 11th & 12th July, 2015.
4) Teams are not accepted
until full payment has been received.
5) Recommended team size: 10 player's maximum and 5 minimum.
6) Players must be registered 7 days before the event.
7) Format of play: 5v5 full FIFA beach soccer rules.
8) Prizes 1st, 2nd and 3rd Team prizes and Individual player prizes.
9) Register your team by emailing firstname.lastname@example.com
The UK Beach Soccer Super Cup is seen as the country's best domestic beach soccer competition and is open to all players, teams and abilities, with all previous winners going into the European Club Championship hosted by BSWW in recent years.
The Super Cup is played over two days Saturday 11th and Sunday 12th July where teams play in a world cup style event with the best two teams playing in the grand beach soccer finale, with GOLD, SILVER and BRONZE medals along with best player trophies for the entire event on offer too.
Don't delay; book your place today for the UK's best and most renowned beach soccer event.
For teams traveling from the UK mainland both ferry and accommodation discounts can be provided by Elite Soccer UK, please just state either ferry and or accommodation and a member of our team will advise on what is available to you and your team.
Register your team today via email email@example.com, via a call +44 (0)7725 327754 or simply download a registration form in our events section www.iwbsa.com and apply by post and get your team on the sand in 2015!
With the increased growth in teams at mini soccer and youth football due to the impact of the youth review we will be continuing our support for the purchase of new goalposts.
For season 2015/2016 this will include either
mini soccer or 9v9 goalposts. There is £100 available per set of
mini soccer goals (12x6ft) and £150 per set of 9v9 goals (16x7ft)
and due to the likely demand it will be on a first come first served
basis while funding is available.
For more information please click on the goal below.Charlotte Brown
Football Development Officer - Clubs | Hampshire FA
|Why not like us on Facebook
for the latest
Saturday League and Cup news ?
The Isle of Wight DFA Handbook
is now online


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Tu Casa is a cozy and friendly hostel in Saude's neighborhood (south of Sao Paulo). Known for its safety, this... Plus d'info »
Property Information: Near Paraiso metro station and less than 15 minutes walk to Paulista Avenue, Aquarela SP is... Plus d'info »
A few words first. The best location a hostel can have in town. Free Internet and Wi-Fi. Great staff in a fun... Plus d'info »
A two minutes walk from Vila Madalena subway station and bus terminal, takes you to Hostel Alice. Located at Vila... Plus d'info »
Perfect location & really clean! Prices Included: great breakfast, internet, wi-fi, towel, lines and other amenities.... Plus d'info »
Stay at one of the largest hostels in Brazil! We offer a unique social area where you can have lot of fun and in a... Plus d'info »
Since 2007 one of the most traditional hostels in SP. We are located in Vila Madalena, known for its zillion... Plus d'info »
The rhythm of the largest metropole on the southern hemisphere. That's what you will find at Beats Hostel. Extra... Plus d'info »
We're in the heart of Vila Madalena, the famous neighborhood of gastronomy, arts, and bohemian nightlife in the city... Plus d'info »
Our main goal is to offer comfort, fun and an unforgettable experience to our guests,rnhelping them to find out why... Plus d'info »
About São Paulo Global Hostel As travellers ourselves, we compiled all of our experiences to build a place where... Plus d'info »
The guests will find more than a really good hostel structure, they will also find that cozy home sweet home feeling,... Plus d'info »
The bedrooms are simply but nicely decorated with lockers and balcony. The bed linen and towels are provided , as... Plus d'info »
Garoa Hostel se trouve dans une petite rue à 250 mètres d'une station de métro. C'est localisé dans un des quartiers... Plus d'info »
We are here to offer our services and facilities to all who wish to receive care in a privileged environment quality.... Plus d'info »
São Paulo Hostel Downtown was a hotel in the past that has been turned into a hostel in 2002, all of ours rooms have... Plus d'info »
Nomade In Arte e Hostel offers a welcoming environment and a very friendly atmosphere, where is possible to have... Plus d'info »
Kéra Smart Hostel is located in Sao Paulo. Free WiFi access is available. Extras include bed linen. At Kéra Smart... Plus d'info »
"From old friends to new friends" The Did's Hostel is and always will be your second home. With the concept of... Plus d'info »
Pamplona Hostel is just about a five-minute walk to Trianon-MASP (underground station) at Avenida Paulista), the most... Plus d'info »


text:
Substance Abuse and Addiction Health Center
Medical Reference Related to Alcohol Abuse
Prescription Drug Abuse
WebMD describes different types of prescription drugs that can cause addiction.
Painkillers, Narcotic Abuse, and Addiction
What are the symptoms of opioid addiction? How does dependence differ from addiction? Learn more about narcotic abuse.
Understanding Alcohol Abuse -- the Basics
Get a basic overview of alcohol abuse and alcoholism from the experts at WebMD.
Understanding Alcohol Abuse -- Treatment
Learn more from the experts at WebMD about various treatments for alcohol dependence.
Understanding Alcohol Abuse -- Symptoms
Learn about the symptoms of alcohol abuse -- and alcohol dependence -- from the experts at WebMD.
Understanding Alcohol Abuse -- Prevention
Can alcoholism be prevented? Get the facts from the experts at WebMD.
Alcohol Withdrawal
WebMD explains alcohol withdrawal syndrome, including symptoms and treatment.
Alcohol and Drug Problems - Topic Overview
The overuse or abuse of alcohol (alcoholism) or other drugs is called substance abuse. It is common and costly. It can cause or worsen many medical problems and destroy families and lives.
Drug Abuse, Addiction, and the Brain
WebMD explains how drug use can lead to addiction, and why drug addiction is considered a disease.
How Does Marijuana Affect You?
WebMD examines marijuana use, including the physical and psychological effects as well as risks associated with the illegal drug commonly called "pot."


text:
Related Searches: argus camera, argus camera camera, vintage argus camera, argus cintar camera
497 Results for Argus Camera - For Sale Classifieds
Cool looking vintage argus camera. I did not test "I couldn't figure out where to plug the USB cable" I will also include the leather camera case but it is a little rough. It's kinda ironic using my iPhone to list this1 month ago on ebay.com
Old brick style camera. Obo1 month ago on Classifieds Ads
Vintage Argus Camera (See Pictures) I Accept Paypal Please check out my other items..Email me with any question, Thanks :) *I do give multi item purchase shipping discounts*** Shipping is a flat rate.. $8.95 Please read1 month ago on ebay.com
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Ricky Ponting
Ricky Thomas Ponting, AO, nicknamed Punter, is an Australian former cricketer who was captain of the Australia national cricket team between 2004 and 2011 in Test cricket and 2002 and 2011 in One Day International cricket. He is a specialist right-handed batsman, slips and close catching fielder, as well as a very occasional bowler. He led Australia to victory at the 2003 and 2007 cricket world cups and was also a member of the 1999 world cup winning team under Stev...... more on Wikipedia
Ricky Ponting is listed on...
- 989
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Ricky Ponting is #989 on
The Best Athletes of All Time
The greatest athletes of all time: a list of the most dominant, iconic athletes to ever play sports. This list gathers sports stars from across every professional league, as w...read more
- 44
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Ricky Ponting is #44 on
Athletes Who Waited Too Long To Retire
Athletes who waited too long to retire for one reason or another made the choice to continue playing, sometimes for several years, when really they should have hung 'em up. These f...read more
- 16
- of 71
Ricky Ponting is #16 on
Greatest Cricketers


text:
The Woodhead 15W47GCM Watertite wet location straight blade connector has a multiple seal plug/connector interface that keeps out contaminants as well as assists in resisting vapor and water from high-pressure wash down up to 1000psi. The Color coded �� terminal screws come preset in the open position, ready to wire. The wire screw terminals are tri-drive to be used with straight blade, Phillips, and square-drive screw drivers. Its floating blade construction gives provides self-alignment, and a better mechanical and electrical connection minimizing wear and heat generation. The package includes a transparent wiring guide to verify all wire strands are in place before securing the wire.
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text:
Ice Cube
Okay, check this out: You're not gonna believe this, but you know that Ice Cube guy? From the movies and stuff? The one who played the cuddly father figure in last year's family flick Are We There Yet?, and who just got cast as "Mr. Kotter" in the upcoming remake of Welcome Back, Kotter? Well, he used to be a gangsta rapper a long time ago! I know, right? I couldn't believe it, either, but apparently it's true. He used to have a Jheri curl and rap about fucking the police or something like that -- Hollywood better not catch wind of that, or he's sunk! Anyway, I heard he's putting out a new album next month, like his first one in forever, and also on it is that Snoop Dogg guy, from Soul Plane. I guess there's songs on it about guns and drugs and cops and how hard life is in the ghetto, which might be a little weird coming from a multimillionaire mainstream movie icon, but whatever. I guess as long as the beats are cool and the message is important, it's all good. I just hope this rap thing doesn't distract him from making Barbershop 3.
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Uncover an exciting deal with the Clearance selection at JCPenney. Enjoy huge markdowns on clothing and shoes for the whole family, in addition to jewelry, handbags and other fashionable accessories. For your home, you'll save on everything from window treatments and bed sheets to silverware and small appliances—all at a fraction of the retail price. Let's get saving!
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text:
1996 Lincoln Continental Q&A
1996 Lincoln Continental Question: ride control and traction light staying on in dash
ride control and traction light staying on in dash - kenlynkirk
2 Answers
Answer 2
Mine kept coming on while the pump ran for extended periods of time. Is yours equiped with air ride or has it been replaced? If it is still equiped I mirror dandd response or it could be the same issue as mine. Leak in system causing the pump to run and overheat. Also, it may be a sensor in one of the levelers. The diagnostics should spell out which. - continentalman
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on the dash the check traction and drive control light is staying on
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Creative and Cute Halloween Costumes: 14 Costume Ideas to Make at Home
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Superhero Cape Pattern
By: Serving Pink Lemonade
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We know how much kids love to dress up as superheros for Halloween, so we decided to share the greatest Superhero Cape Pattern around. This superhero cape pattern is a sure fire way to make this Halloween perfect for the little ones. To make this pattern even better, you are able to download a Batman or Superman template depending on you child's preference. With this easy cape pattern and logo designs, making a homemade Halloween costumes for you kid will be a breeze!
Estimated Cost: Under $10
Time to complete: In an evening
Primary Technique: Sewing
Difficulty Level: Easy
For more handmade Halloween costumes, take a look at our collection of 23 Amazing Halloween Costume Ideas to Make at Home!
Plus, check out this how to make a cape video from our friends at AllFreeSewing.com.
How to Make a Super Hero Cape
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VIEWS: 24 PAGES: 2 CATEGORY: Lease/Rental Agreements POSTED ON: 3/14/2011 Public Domain
Why Should You Use A Realtor?
Discover 101 Amazing Real Estate Tips and Secrets Why Should You Use A Realtor? A lot of people ask why they should use a realtor instead of selling a home or purchasing a home themselves. The answer is simple. A realtor is a trained real estate professional with experience and knowledge of the local real estate market. This experience and knowledge is of critical value when one is attempting to get the most for their home sale, or finding the best possible deal when purchasing a home. However, the realtors importance goes much deeper than that, there are several more areas that the realtors abilities come into play that are often unconsidered or overlooked. One of the most important things that a realtor can do for you, especially when the sale of your home is concerned, is provide marketing and market coverage. This is a difficult undertaking on your own for many reasons. First of all a realtor usually has a previously established web presence. The realtors website is a great place to find out info about homes that are available, information about the community and mortgage options. Your home will be prominently featured on this website, showcasing your home to a huge market. Other aspects of marketing that a realtor provides include such things as newspaper ads, open houses, flyers and info packages. Realtors have a higher budget to spend on marketing a home, and the experience of doing so. They also have an established network of contacts, usually buyer's agents. This means that their network will bring more prospective buyers to your home. When buying a home a realtor will essentially do the legwork for you. By informing them of what you are looking for in a home you can save yourself valuable time. A realtor will be able to sort through the homes that are available and select only the homes that suit your needs, lifestyle, and budget. They will also have important information regarding the area, neighborhood, and the homes in question. Realtors will also be able to arrange inspections and conduct them with the inspector so that you remain as informed on the process as possible. Another important aspect of both sales and purchase where a realtor's knowledge is invaluable is during the closing of a home. This is easily the most complicated part of a transaction as many FSBO sellers and buyers have found out. Real estate contracts are intricately involved documents that require an understanding of not only the contracts process, but real estate law as well. A typical closing will involve more than the realtor, lawyers and notaries play an important role in the transfer of a home from one owner to another. Realtors are trained in the art of contracting home sales and usually have an established group of lawyers and notaries that they utilize in order to make the entire process easier on the buyer or seller. Would you let a car mechanic fix your piano? It does not make a lot of sense does it? For the same reason you should seek the services of a professional realtor when buying or selling a home. Their experience, knowledge and professionalism will save you time, money, and most importantly the nervousness of wondering if everything has been done properly and in accordance with law and practice. © Copyright: All Rights Reserved ' Discover 101 Real Estate Tips To Boost Your Profits Discover 101 Amazing Real Estate Tips and Secrets * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Did you enjoy my above article..?, then please share it. ...Please share this report with your website and blog visitors, friends, family or anyone else you feel like. You can also pass this on to your email subscribers, and your Twitter followers, Facebook etc.. I have also prepared some powerful tips "101 Real Estate Tips And Secrets" which shows you 101 powerful Real estate tips which can help you build your real estate portfolio. Read my tips "Discover 101 Amazing Real Estate Tips To Boost Your Profits " Click here to read it. Remember: Please share this document with your website readers, place it on your blog, share it with your email subscribers, and your Twitter followers + Facebook! © Copyright: All Rights Reserved ' Discover 101 Real Estate Tips To Boost Your Profits
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The Case of the suspended small oriental puppet by mic-ardantWatch
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Shooting sports are growing in popularity with Kansas 4-H clubs, and Saturday's turnout for the Riley/Pottawatomie County 4-H Straight Shooters' match at Pottorf Hall showed just how popular they've become. Nancy Becker, coordinator for the Straight Shooters and event organizer, said the
Cox Cable subscribers in Manhattan and other parts of the state experienced a particular kind of March Madness on Saturday night when a video outage left them without NCAA basketball and other TV programs for several hours. The problem caused a frozen picture on nearly
Four Points by Sheraton is joining Dando Amor for its National Shoes for Love shoe drive. Dando Amor is a non-profit charity dedicated to blessing the lives of children throughout the world. Shoes are being accepted throughout March for all sizes and in any shape.
Yoga For Life announced the addition of Chauntelle Woods as an in-house massage therapist. Chauntelle graduated from Everest College in Washington state in 2008. She specializes in spa modalities and sport massages. With almost seven years of practice in the health and wellness industry, she has
Sunflower Bank has hired Terry Harts to the position of senior vice president and market president regional director of the bank's central Kansas region, including the Junction City, Manhattan, McPherson and Salina markets. Harts possesses over 30 years experience in the financial industry, most recently
The Farmers Alliance Companies in McPherson announced that Al Langton Insurance, Inc., in Manhattan has been named a Farmers Alliance Advantage Agent for 2014. To qualify as an advantage agent, an agency must exhibit superior professionalism and profitability over five consecutive years. Advantage agents are recognized
The Tower Mental Health Foundation awarded $30,000 to the Association of Community Mental Health Centers of Kansas to fund staff training in the Youth Mental Health First Aid Program. Pawnee Mental Health Services received $1,000 of the funding from the state association. Youth Mental Health First Aid
If initial responses are correct, only a few employees will come to Manhattan's future National Bio and Agro Defense Facility from Plum Island, N.Y., where an aging biosecurity facility will be phased out. NBAF will replace the Plum Island Animal Disease Center, where
Sen. Jerry Moran told Manhattan Rotary Club members Thursday afternoon he's confident the National Bio and Agro Defense Facility (NBAF) will be built. Moran, who moved to Manhattan a year ago and has an office here, was the featured speaker for the club's
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Corvallis 104.3 FM • Hood River 91.9 FM • Portland 90.7 FM
Per Fagereng interviews Dr. William Pepper about the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. Pepper is the author of An Act of State, a compelling and authoritative account of how King's challenge to the US establishment led inexorably to his murder. William Pepper was a young journalist, just back from Vietnam, when he first met Martin Luther King Jr. His photographs and first-hand accounts of the war prompted King's unflinching opposition to the war. His investigations of King's assassination included extensive interviews with James Earl Ray. Pepper is an English barrister who convenes a seminar on International Human Rights at Oxford University and maintains practices in the US and the UK.
This fall, Portlanders will decide whether to continue their experiment with voter-owned elections. The question becomes more relevant in the wake of Citzens United vs. Federal Elections Commission, a recent Supreme Court ruling that removed bans on corporate campaign spending. This week, Jo Ann and Dave talk with Common Cause Oregon's Janice Thompson about the upcoming referendum on voter-owned elections and what else needs to be done to fix our ailing electoral process.
This fall, Portlanders will decide whether to continue their experiment with voter-owned elections. The question becomes more relevant in the wake of Citzens United vs. Federal Elections Commission, a recent Supreme Court ruling that removed bans on corporate campaign spending. This week, Jo Ann and Dave talk with Common Cause Oregon's Janice Thompson about the upcoming referendum on voter-owned elections and what else needs to be done to fix our ailing electoral process.
WEDNESDAY, March 24, 2010
This is Kellyn with your COMMUNITY CALENDAR for WEDNESDAY, March 24, 2010.
Counting Heads: What's right and what's wrong with the 2010 census
Its been happening every decade since 1790. As mandated by the constitution, the U.S. Census Bureau determines the population of the nation, the results used to allocate congressional seats, electoral votes and government program funding. As census questionnaires start arriving in mailboxes this month, criticism of the census is heating up from all quarters. Right wing pundits characterize the census as part of the Obama administration's efforts to control citizens' lives. Republicans accuse organization like ACORN of distorting the results for political gain. Communities of color and other underrepresented populations worry that historic undercounting of their numbers will once again leave them without real political representation.
The appointment of Multnomah County Chair Ted Wheeler as state treasurer last Tuesday churned county and state political waters this week. Wheeler, appointed by Governor Kulongoski to fill the vacancy created by State Treasurer Ben Westlund's death, is now better positioned to advance up the ladder of statewide offices. At the county level, meanwhile, his departure has set off a scramble for his and County Commissioner Jeff Cogen's seat - Cogen throwing his hat in the ring to be the county's top executive. What will Wheeler's departure mean for residents of Oregon's most populous county? Jo Ann and Dave look at what's ahead for the candidates and county residents.
Priya Kandaswamy hosts. The guest is David Theo Goldberg, scholar of global racism and Director of the University of California Humanities Research Institute. He'll discuss how race and racism have shifted around the world with the onset of globalization and other issues.
Dr. Goldberg speaks on "Socialities of the Skin" on Thursday, March 25, 7:00 p.m. at Portland State University, Smith Memorial Student Union, Room 238.
The event is co-sponsored by Oregon Humanities and KBOO.
Ali Abunimah speaking last weekend in Portland on the One State Solution for the Israel-Palestine conflict, the Boycott-Divestment-Sanctions Movement and Israeli apartheid.
He is the founder of the website: http://www.electronicintifada.net
Kimberly A. C. Wilson is a reporter for the Oregonian newspaper and was sent to Haiti after the January earthquake to cover stories related to the Pacific Northwest. This radio program is taken from interviews conducted by Kboo host Linda Olson-Osterlund and provide a personal look back at her trip to Haiti.
Thanks to the Oregonian and Oregon Live for the use of audio of children singing and other background audio. Also thank you to The Masters of Haiti for their song Ti Chans
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Publications (1)9.58 Total impact
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ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is involved in virtually all aspects of plant growth and development (Davies, 1995). Plants produce active IAA by de novo synthesis and by hydrolyzing IAA conjugates (reviewed in Normanly et al., 1995; Bartel, 1997; Normanly, 1997). IAA conjugation activity is widely distributed in the plant kingdom from mosses to angiosperms (Sztein et al., 1995), and most IAA in plant tissues is conjugated via its carboxyl group to sugars, high molecular weight glycans, amino acids, or peptides (Cohen and Bandurski, 1982; Bandurski et al., 1995). Different conjugates may perform different functions in the plant. For example, IAA--Asp is an intermediate in IAA destruction (Tsurumi and Wada, 1986; Monteiro et al., 1988; Tuominen et al., 1994; stin et al., 1998). Other conjugates may serve as reservoirs of inactive IAA that can be hydrolyzed to supply the plant with active hormone, as in maize germination when conjugate hydrolysis provides free IAA to thThe Plant Cell 01/2002; · 9.58 Impact Factor
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Palm Coast dance academy students get chance to shine
Published: Wednesday, May 29, 2013 at 5:30 a.m.
Last Modified: Tuesday, May 28, 2013 at 6:10 p.m.
PALM COAST — For Brie Valenti, owner and artistic director of Mia Bella Academy of Dance, dancing has always been a part of her life. Her journey led her to dancing professionally and eventually to create a place where young dancers can grow and learn.
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She opened the academy in January 2010 in Palm Coast's City Marketplace.
"There were some programs in the area, but not really anything that I felt dancers could grow with, entering from the time they're 2 or 3 and staying with until the time they're 18," Valenti said. "When I was growing up, all of my friends danced, so we all ended up staying together for years. And I didn't feel like there was something creating that passion for kids so I started the studio with the intention of doing that."
On Saturday, Valenti's staff and students put their talents on display during the academy's annual show at Flagler Auditorium. This year's theme was "That's Entertainment," and the show borrowed its inspiration from films as well as popular shows such as Cirque De Soleil.
All facets of the academy's repertoire were represented including jazz, lyrical, contemporary, tap, acro, ballet and hip hop styles.
The show got off to a rousing start with the opening number "Cirque of Dreams," a Cirque De Soleil-inspired piece featuring nearly 30 dancers. The production's elaborate costuming and eccentric lighting helped create a circus-like atmosphere.
The performance also included dancers from the Old Kings Elementary School dance team, which boasts some 70 members. The students meet weekly to learn about dance.
Information about the Mia Bella academy is available online at miabelladance.com.
Another group of local dancers will take the stage at the Flagler Auditorium Saturday as 3N Motion Dance Studio will offer performances at 2 and 7 p.m. For information, call 386-437-7547 or visit flaglerauditorium.org.
All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.


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Higher Education Audio & podcast
July 7, 2015
Technology is a good thing for everyone, right? In today's Academic Minute, the University of Michigan's Kentaro Toyama profiles the equality of benefits technology offers.
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August 14, 2013
In today's Academic Minute, Case Western Reserve University's William Marling explores the initial and continuing popularity of Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby.
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August 12, 2013
In today's Academic Minute, Carnegie Mellon University's Karim Kassam reveals what brain imaging techniques have to say about the spectrum of human emotions.
August 9, 2013
In today's Academic Minute, Maria Uriarte of Columbia University's Earth Institute assesses the use of fire as an agricultural tool in South America.
August 8, 2013
In today's Academic Minute, Ohio State University's Micah Berman assesses the cost an employer can expect to incur when hiring a smoker.
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HPIDELHI, INDIA, July 5, 2015 (By Rajiv Malik, India/South Asia Correspondent, Hinduism Today magazine): A grand celebration and book release event of Dr. Kalam's book "Transcendence" was held at Pramukh Sabhagruh, Akshardham Swaminarayan Mandir , New Delhi on Friday, July 3rd , 2015, in the presence of over 500 dignitaries, well wishers and devotees. The event was graced by the Pujya Tridandi Srimannarayana Ramanuja Chinna Jeeyar Swamiji of Vijaywada, Hon. Shri L.K. Advani, Former Deputy Prime Minister Of India, Dr. S.S. Badrinath, Chairman Emeritus, Sankara Nethralaya, Shri A.S. Kiran Kumar, Chairman, Indian Space Research Organisation [ISRO], Shri Mohan Das Pai, Chairman, Manipal Global Education and Shri G.M. Rao, Chairman, GMR Group."Transcendence," beautifully describes Dr. Kalam's spiritual experiences with Pramukh Swami Maharaj. The book, published by Harper-Collins India, also included the social and moral contributions of BAPS to society, the co-relation of science and spirituality and creative leadership. It contains the essence of the Upanishads, Gita and Puranas and other principles propagated by Bhagwan Swaminarayan.The event began with Vedic prayers and the lighting of the inaugural lamps by Pujya Mahant Swami and Pujay T.S.R. Chinna Jeeyar Swami and was followed by a welcome speech by Pujya Ishwarcharan Swami.Thereafter the giant 10ft by 40ft LED screen transported the audience back in time through and animation presentation of the stories of two boys- the journeys of how a fisherman's boy became a scientist and later the 11th President of India and how a farmer's boy became the president of BAPS and a world-renowned spiritual leader.Pujya Brahmavihari Swami in his speech gave glimpses of the mutual interactions between Dr. Kalam and Pramukh Swami Maharaj during their 14 year association [2001-2014]. According to him, "In all Dr. Kalam had seven meetings and many phone call conversations with Pramukh Swami Ji Maharaj. Interestingly while Dr. Kalam did not know a single word of Gujarati and Pramukh Swami did not know a single word of English, this never came in the way of their ever blossoming love and friendship." He added that after Dr. Kalam's first meeting with Pramukh Swami Maharaj in 2001, Delhi, Dr. Kalam had said he felt an inner calm pervade him and on the other hand Swamiji had declared that Dr. Kalam was a rishi. Brahmavihari Swami went on to say, "When Dr. Kalam had his first meeting with Pramukh Swamiji and presented him his plans for India 2020, Swamiji's first words were-"Along with your five areas to transform India add a sixth one- faith in God" and Dr. Kalam immediately and happily agreed to do so." Dr. Kalam had also told Swamishri , "When I see Akshardham and your work....I feel anything is possible in the world. I want to work with you for a better India."This was followed by a video clip on Dr. Kalam presenting his book to Pramukh Swami Maharaj in Sarangpur on 20th June, 2015, amidst the chanting of Vedic verses. (See http://www.baps.org/News/2015/Dr-APJ- ... h-Swami-Maharaj-8137.aspx for a report on this.) While presenting the book to Swamiji Dr. Kalam said, "I have written this book. Your are a great teacher....I learnt to remove I, remove me. That is a great lesson I have learnt. Remove I and mine. I learnt from you." Responding to this Swamishri said, "To rise above I and mine is only possible by God's Grace. It is the best principle by which to remain happy in life." Both Dr. Kalam and Pramukh Swamiji were not physically present during the New Delhi event.Professor Arun Tiwari, the co-author of "Transcendence", sharing his experiences about writing the book said, "A few weeks after getting this assignment I realized I had not been able to write anything. Then I came to Ahmedabad and Pujya Brahmavihari Swami took me to Pujya Ishwarcharan Swami, who blessed me by placing his hand on my head and he gave me a murti of Pramukh Swami Maharaj. I took the murti home and sat down to type on my computer, and then words and sentences started flowing spontaneously." Choked with emotions he shared, "A few days ago I went to my mother in Meerut , Uttar Pradesh. I took the souvenir plate given to me by Pramukh Swami Maharaj. On seeing it , my mother said , "Son, you have done a wonderful thing. One is the an ocean of love- Pramukh Swamiji and another is an ocean of knowledge--Abdul Kalam. You have filled two great oceans in a small pot [book] !"P.M. Sukumar, the CEO of Harper Collins Publishers[India] , who published "Transcendence" announced that the English version would be translated shortly into six other languages : Gujarati, Hindi, Marathi, Tamil, Telgu and Malayalam.Thereafter the celebration ceremony of the book took place amongst chanting of Vedic Mantras and then the stage guests formally inaugurated copies of the book and displayed them to the audience.The chief guests, including Shri L.K. Advani Ji , paid glowing tributes to the book and recounted their associations with Pramukh Swami Maharaj. Advani Ji, in his address, said that in the childhood he had learnt about Intelligence Quotient and later on came to know about Economic Quotient but as he grew up in life he felt that a happy and fulfilling life has to also have Spiritual Quotient, which is extremely important and with this quotient only it will be considered as complete.During the event , Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi was remembered for having received the book at the hands of Pujya Ishwarcharan Swami at his office in New Delhi on 26th June, 2015. The Prime Minister opined that he would read the book for it would help him and inspire him in his life.Finally, Pujya T.S. R. Chinna Jeeyar Swami and Pujya Mahant Swami blessed the event. Pujya Mahant Swami noted, " 'Transcendence' is a book that shares about higher values. The content is universal and transcends all human distinctions and barriers to make a person humane."
Source"Sweet are the sounds of the flute and the lute," say those who have not heard the prattle of their own children.-- Tirukkural
SourceUNITED STATES, March 20, 2015 (Linkis, by David Frawley): One of the main ideas used to interpret--and generally devalue--the ancient history of India is the theory of the Aryan invasion. According to this account, India was invaded and conquered by nomadic light-skinned Indo-European tribes from Central Asia around 1500-1000 BC, who overthrew an earlier and more advanced dark-skinned Dravidian civilization from which they took most of what later became Hindu culture. This so-called pre-Aryan civilization is said to be evidenced by the large urban ruins of what has been called the Indus valley culture (as most of its initial sites were on the River Indus). The war between the powers of light and darkness, a prevalent idea in ancient Aryan Vedic scriptures, was thus interpreted to refer to this war between light and dark-skinned peoples. The Aryan invasion theory thus turned the 'Vedas', the original scriptures of ancient India and the Indo-Aryans, into little more than primitive poems of uncivilized plunderers.This idea -- totally foreign to the history of India, whether north or south -- has become almost an unquestioned truth in the interpretation of India's ancient history. Today, after nearly all the reasons for its supposed validity have been refuted, even major Western scholars are at last beginning to call it in question.Full article at 'source' above.
SourceWhen the Creator dances, the worlds He created dance. To the measure that He dances in our knowledge, our thoughts, too, dance. When He in heart-endearing dances, the several elements, too, dance. Witness in rapture surpassing the dance of that One who is a glowing flame.-- Tirumantiram, 2786
SourceINDIA, June 24, 2015 (YouTube by Rujuta Diwekar): Popular Celebrity Nutritionist Rujuta Diwekar elaborates on the importance of various Indian Herbs and Spices in meals. Indian Food Wisdom & The Art Of Eating Right by Rujuta Diwekar brings forth our ancient wisdom on what to eat, how much to eat, when to eat, how to stay healthy and its relevance in our times. Its an attempt to help you overcome the ever conflicting information on food and weight loss fads. The biggest celebrities of Indian cinema like Saif Ali Khan, Kareena Kapoor, Karishma Kapoor etc. share their opinion on eating right and the diet secrets that have kept them healthy in all these years. Watch this informative video for a fresh, but age old, perspective on well-being.
SourceSRINAGAR, July 3, 2015 (Daily Pioneer): The annual Amarnath pilgrimage began in Kashmir Valley on Thursday morning amid tight security as 6,300 pilgrims began trekking to the holy cave ensconced in mountains of South Kashmir at a height of 12,800 feet above sea level. The yatra began from both the treacherous but shorter Baltal route and the longest traditional Pahalgam route. It takes around seven hours to reach the cave through Baltal while the traditional route through Pahalgam Valley takes two days for a pilgrim to reach the cave for a glimpse of the ice stalagmite, believed to be the incarnation of Lord Shiva.The pilgrims began their journey on July 1 from Bhagwati Nagar Base Camp in Jammu. Three BJP Ministers of the coalition Government -- Lal Singh, Sukhnandan Kumar and Priya Sethi flagged off the cavalcade of 34 vehicles who were accorded warm welcome at every halt along the Srinagar-Jammu National Highway. By the evening, the pilgrims reached Nunwan and Baltal base camps.
SourceJAMMU, INDIA June 30, 2015 (India TV News): Amid tight security arrangements, the annual Amarnath yatra will begin from Jammu as the first batch of over 5,000 pilgrims will leave for 3,888-metre high cave shrine in south Kashmir Himalayas. The yatra will be escorted by heavy contingent of security forces to twin base-camps of Amarnath cave shrine in Baltal in Ganderbal district of Central Kashmir and Pahalgam belt of South Kashmir. Situated in a narrow gorge at the farther end of Lidder Valley, Amarnath shrine stands at 3,888 m, 46 Km from Pahalgam and 14 Kms from Baltal. In Kashmir Valley, the 59 days annual yatra will start from July 2-- an auspicious day of Hindu calendar and conclude on Shravan Purnima (Raksha Bandhan) on August 29. Over 200,000 pilgrims have secured advance registration and 22,104 have purchased helicopter tickets from Baltal and Pahalgam to Panjtarni. "Entire state administration is fully geared up to provide every facility like, drinking water, medicare, electricity and security to the yatris at base camps," a official said.
SourceSRI LANKA, June 30, 2015 (France-Presse): Shunned, destitute and pushed into prostitution in some cases, Sri Lanka's Tamil widows have returned to northern Jaffna since the end of the separatist war only to discover they are not welcome even in their homeland. Now, six years after the war ended, the women who fled the fighting on the peninsula in the thousands are pinning their hopes on the nation's new president for a better future for their families."Widows are despised in our society," said Baskaran Jegathiswari, 50, fighting back tears at her home in Achchuveli village in Jaffna, heartland of Sri Lanka's ethnic Tamil minority. "People look down on us. They think we bring bad luck," said Jegathiswari, who lost her husband to military shellfire just months before the war ended in 2009. Official figures show 27,000 widows head households in Jaffna, where the conflict was centered, while local politicians put the figure much higher. The women are closely watching President Maithripala Sirisena who took office in January pledging reconciliation to "heal broken hearts and minds".
SourceRUSSIA, June 30, 2015 (Times Of India): Close on the heels of India leading worldwide International Yoga Day celebrations, yoga classes have been banned in a central Russian city by the authorities to check spread of "religious occultism." At the center of the crackdown are two studios holding classes for Hatha Yoga -- a set of asanas or postures involving deep breathing and tough physical exercises, which as per Hindu mythology was first practiced by Lord Shiva. Yoga is known as an ancient Indian spiritual and exercise discipline to balance mind, body and spirit, however, yoga has become highly commoditized globally over the years and various schools and cults have sprung up in different parts of the world in its name.In the first major crackdown abroad, the authorities in the central Russian city of Nizhnevartovsk have now asked the two Hatha Yoga studies -- Auro and Ingara -- to stop holding yoga classes in the municipal facilities of the city, as per the Russian media reports. Kommersant business daily reported that the Nizhnevartovsk officials have barred use of municipal buildings for yoga classes and have issued orders to the two studios on this. The Moscow Times reported that the order has been issued "to prevent the spread of new religious cults and movements."The authorities have also issued a letter to the heads of departments for physical culture and education, stating that hatha yoga was "inextricably linked to religious practices" and has "an occult character," as per the Kommersant report.
SourceINDIA, June 30, 2015 (by Missionary International Service News Agency): The Dalit Christian Liberation Movement (DCLM) accuses the Vatican and the Indian Catholic Church leadership of caste-based discrimination "by way of allowing it directly and indirectly in their spiritual, educational and administrative places". "We have submitted seven copies of the complaint to Rajeev Chandran, assistant director of the UN Center in New Delhi addressed to UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon and different human rights organizations," Mary John, president of the DCLM, told ucanews.com.A DCLM delegation asked the UN and other organizations to urge the Holy See to eradicate the caste discriminatory practices and to withdraw the Permanent Observer position of the Holy See in the UN if the Vatican does not take the necessary steps. Dalits, or untouchables, are the lowest caste within Hindu society. Huge numbers of Dalits have converted to Christianity and Islam over the decades, though in reality the religions offer limited protection from societal prejudice even within their adopted faith. "The discrimination against Dalit Christians in the Catholic Church is a human rights issue and it would be right if we approach the UN to find a solution to it", Mary John said."There are separate cemeteries for Dalit Christians. Even in the church there are separate seating arrangements for those from the Dalit community and others. The festival choir processions do not enter the streets where Dalit Christians live," said Kudanthai Arasan, president of the Viduthalai Tamil Puligal Katchi, adding that in some churches even the dead body of a Dalit Christian is not allowed inside for funeral Mass. While Dalit Christians form 70 percent of the total Catholic population in India, said John, their representation in the Church leadership is only 4-5 percent. Out of about 200 active bishops in India, only nine are from the Dalit community.
SourceThere is something beyond our mind which abides in silence within our mind. It is the supreme mystery beyond thought. Let one's mind and one's subtle body rest upon that and not rest on anything else.-- Maitri Upanishad
SourceTAIWAN, June 29, 2015 (Straits Times): HPI note: The use of thrown colored powder--traditionally part of the Hindu festival of Holi--has gained a following elsewhere in the world, not as part of a religious event, but as one more feature of small or large parties. During Holi, the colored and potentially flammable cornstarch powder is tossed randomly, and posses no threat. But at these parties, the trend is to disperse it all at once, with in this case, disastrous consequences:The Color Play Asia event at the Formosa Fun Coast waterpark outside Taipei turned hellish for partygoers when a sudden fire erupted seemingly out of nowhere, injuring hundreds, including a Singaporean woman. "This explosion and fire... was caused by the powder spray. It could have been due to the heat of the lights on the stage," said a spokesman for the New Taipei City fire department."Color" events, like last Saturday's event at the Taipei water park, are gaining in popularity, with more and more of such similar ones taking place around the globe. They typically involve colored powder, known as holi powder (made by mixing corn starch, water and food dye), being thrown onto participants. At the time of the incident in Taipei, the powder was released onto partygoers as they danced in front of a stage.Corn starch, while normally a harmless, edible substance that is almost inert when it is in a mass, is a highly flammable carbohydrate and burns instantly when it is dispersed into fine particles, which happens when it is blown out during a "color" event. In such cases, the substance will be ignited when it comes into contact with a flame or high heat.
SourceINDIA, June 21, 2015 (Swarajya by Dr. Kanniks Kannikeswaran): It is an indisputable fact that everyday practice of yoga brings immense benefits. The International Yoga Day celebrations is just an attempt to underscore this fact and bring awareness to this priceless heritage that we all share. Yoga is undoubtedly one of India's greatest gifts to the world and is clearly a practice that originated in the Indic dharmic traditions. Not known to many is the mammoth work of the Tamil Siddha yogi Tirumla whose work Tirumantiram is part of the Shaiva Canon "Panniru Tirumurai" and is at the core of the 12th century philosophy of Shaiva Siddhanta in Tamilnadu.The Tirumantiram is a collection of about 3000 verses in Tamil written by this Shaiva Saint. Tirumular is regarded as one of the 18 siddhas in the mystic Tamil siddha tradition; he also ranks as one of the 63 Shaiva Nyanmr Saints of the Tamil Shaiva Bhakti movement of the 1st millennium CE. The Tirumantiram dwells on Siva, Sakti, tantra, yoga and kriya, healing and several other topics. Of relevance to this article is Tirumular's focus on yoga.The focus of the first part of the third chapter (tantra) of the Tirumantiram is entirely on astanga yoga and its benefits. The term astanga yoga is commonly used in today's parlance although the yoga industry focusses only on the physical poses (asanas). This verse states that the angas (elements) yama, niyama (relationship to the external world and to oneself), asanas (yogic postures), pranayama (harmony with your energy), pratyihara (harmony with your emotions ), dharana (harmony with your thoughts) , dhyanam (contemplation) and samadhi (oneness with the divine) are those that constitute the astanga.Read the full article at 'source' above.
SourceWhen I think of myself as a body, I am your servant, my Lord; when I think of myself as an individual soul, I am part of you; but when I realize I am atman, you and I become one.-- Lord Hanuman in the epic Ramayana
SourceODISHA, INDIA, June 28, 2015 (Hindustan Times): A Congress-sponsored dawn-to-dusk shutdown on Friday brought normal life to a standstill in Odisha as people rallied behind the opposition party's demand for action over alleged irregularities in rituals at the iconic Jagannath Temple in Puri. The Congress called the strike demanding the resignation of chief minister Naveen Patnaik, institution of a judicial probe and action against servitors and officials responsible for the alleged irregularities in the rituals performed during Nabakalebara, a periodical renewal of the wooden statues in the temple. The temple, visited by hundreds of thousands of Hindu faithful every year, houses the murthis of Lord Jagannath (Krishna), Lord Balabhadra and Devi Subhadra (their sister) in the temple.The Nabakalebara rituals are among the most important festivals at the Jagannath Temple and performed once in 12 years or 19 years whenever there are two ashadhas (double rainy seasons) preceding the Ratha Yatra. The rituals require searching for new sacred neem wood for carving out new statues and transferring their souls to the new images from the old in a ritual called Brahma Parivartan (soul transfer). However, there are allegations that this year's rituals - completed on June 16 - were marked by gross irregularities with several servitors not officially assigned for the job barging into the forbidden area to witness the rare event. Many allegedly even clicked photos on mobile phones.


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75-room hotel located in Barcelona's historic zone, next to the Montjuïc and i Llobera Coast Gardens, which possess all kinds of botanical species. The hotel offers spectacular views of both the Mediterranean Sea and the city.
From Del Prat Airport: C 31 , nº 21 exit
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