text:
The first tentative attempts at an affair results in more frustration than fun.
This will be the first chapter of -?- describing an affair that, even years later, provides lots of grist for my fantasies. In this chapter, things get started but that is about all. We'd met at annual meetings of our professional association and, in spite of a 15 year difference in ages, hit it off immediately. Darlene was young, slender, with smallish tits that seemed perfect for her...Read On
Added: 13 Jan 2011 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.3 |
Words: 1,611 |
Tags: milf straight sex affair reluctance quickie frustration
| 2 Comments
Sarah was nervously fidgeting in her seat, her warm brown eyes constantly shifting back and forth between Mr. Wilson and the empty notebook on her desk. Sarah was a lovely combination of pretty and adorable. Her petite frame stood at 5'3 when on her tippy-toes. Her lovely pale-skinned face was adorned with freckles. And her long hair was a beautiful yet unusual shade of auburn. "Your...Read On
Added: 10 Jan 2011 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.82 |
Words: 1,301 |
Tags: teacher student married cheater older man
| 55 Comments
I fucked my best friend's dad ;)
It was August this summer, and I had recently turned 18. I was tanning in my best friend, Keirsten's backyard. I was wearing a tiny white bikini, the bottoms a thong style. Let me describe myself: I am tall at 5'10'', with long legs and naturally tan skin. I have brown hair with natural golden highlights from the sun that goes down to the middle of my back. I have C cup tits that are round...Read On
Added: 10 Jan 2011 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.40 |
Words: 861 |
Tags: older best friends dad crazy sexy squirting
| 20 Comments
Ami gives an old friend a going away present he'll never forget.
This story takes place during the summer of 2010. When we moved to Arizona a little over ten years ago Ami's first friend was this sweet little boy named Brian. On her first day of school he followed her home, and practically came over nearly everyday. That is until the previous summer when Ami turned 16 and blossomed from a scrawny kid into a stunning young woman standing at 5'5,...Read On
Added: 06 Jan 2011 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.90 |
Words: 3,455 |
Tags: first time threesome older woman younger man masturbation anal toys
| 27 Comments
I find myself alone with my girlfriend's friend during a study session.
*This is my first story. Comments and Criticism welcome. "I know I shouldn't be doing this, I shouldn't be thinking like this, I know it's wrong on many levels." I've been telling myself for the past 20 minutes. The closer I get the more this feeling is swelling up inside of me. Who is she? She's Julia. Julia is about 5foot 7, has beautiful blonde hair that just barely passes her shoulders,...Read On
Added: 05 Jan 2011 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.15 |
Words: 1,062 |
Tags: friend oral fuck taboo
| 2 Comments
Being the Principal of an all girl private boarding school has its benefits.
My name is Darren Price and I am 50 years old. I am the principal of a private boarding school. It is also an all girl school. I love my job and I will never ever want to be doing anything else. It is a pretty prestigious school where I have students from all over the world trying to be a part of this magnificent legacy. We produced students who will be the cream of society and we are proud...Read On
Added: 29 Dec 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.82 |
Words: 6,055 |
Tags: school older man younger girl
| 3 Comments
A daughter gives her parents a very special gift--her best friend
Robert and I were coming home from a client dinner. Ami, our 16-year-old daughter was babysitting the younger children. She wasn't happy that she had to this. Friday night was a night to go out and not staying in, especially if you're forced to watch the younger sister you've been fighting with all week. The screaming match that ensued when we told her that she needed to do this...Read On
Added: 29 Dec 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.77 |
Words: 1,456 |
Tags: threesome older parents teenage girl
| 37 Comments
He allowed her to be used
Jon's at work, there's nothing new there. It's got so bad lately that the only time May gets to see him, is at the office in that little gap between finishing work and going home. The long luxurious afternoons in motel rooms are a dim and distant memory. When she gets there, the production line is still in full swing. He's sat at his desk looking as gorgeous as ever, but it's obvious from...Read On
Added: 27 Dec 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.67 |
Words: 1,681 |
Tags: office sex reluctant
| 7 Comments
Being the principal of an all girl boarding school has its benefits.
My name is Darren Price and I am 50 years old. I am just like any other guy of my age I think except for the fact that I am a principal of a private school and I am most privileged as it is an extremely well-known school. Everyone as in everyone dreams to be in my school and being expelled is something unthinkable. Thus, I am privileged since many are willing to do nearly anything to be a...Read On
Added: 24 Dec 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.96 |
Words: 5,620 |
Tags: school teen older man
| 11 Comments
After a day of shopping, Becky shows her Uncle how to get clean.
NOTE: This is my first story ever, I hope you like it..... Joe patiently sat in the food court of the mall, finishing his greasy pizza slice and soda, wondering just how much longer he would have to wait to be able to go home. Christmas time at the mall is always a mad house and he never enjoyed diving into the crowds that pushed and shoved solely to get that last ugly sweater for...Read On
Added: 21 Dec 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.79 |
Words: 3,738 |
Tags: rain shower tease teen uncle exhibitionist
| 5 Comments
... I did look quite cute; after all, being 5'7" tall, 140lbs, and size DD breasts, I filled most dr
"Of all the lousy days…come on…not now!!!" I pounded my fists on the steering wheel, cursing at my car as if it would make a bit of difference. As I slowly made my way to the shoulder, the all familiar sound of a flat tire filled my ears. I was already running late for class and now I was assured to not make it. I stepped out of the car and walked around to the passenger side. The...Read On
Added: 22 Nov 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.57 |
Words: 1,275 |
Tags: older man younger girl pussy oral car
| 12 Comments
One Incredibly Horny Teacher Takes Eric's Virginity In Detention. One Dirty Story!
This is my first ever story, So if some of you guys could give me feedback on things you liked and things that need to be improved on. Thank You! I'm Eric, I'm 16 years old and I'm a virgin... Well I was until yesterday. It was a damp rainy day and I had been kept behind on after school detention and I didn't know it yet, but that detention was going to be the best moment of my...Read On
Added: 06 Nov 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.48 |
Words: 1,312 |
Tags: blonde teen 16 tits boob taboo fetish
| 4 Comments
Finally, we met again
Finally. It's been over a year now since I accidentally sent my sister-in-law the email that was supposed to go to my wife. Who knew, as I sat there in a panic at the time wondering what to do, that it would lead up to these encounters. So far my sister-in-law and I have been able to play together on two occasions since my initial accident of hitting the send button. Since our last encounter...Read On
Added: 27 Oct 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.92 |
Words: 4,638 |
Tags: anal masturbation affair sister in law discrete
| 18 Comments
The night Laura leaves her boss in full desire, wanting more...
If you're not into a story with a long plot line, then this isn't for you as it builds up to excite. It indeed has plenty of details. This is my first story, so be kind, i'll write more if it has positive rates. It had been a year since I began working for a prestigious magazine press company, and as any other editorial, I, Laura keep close contact with my co-workers, especially my boss....Read On
Added: 21 Oct 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.83 |
Words: 1,390 |
Tags: boss night office desire spanking entice teasing
| 6 Comments
My Fiance meets her future father-in-law
Pregnant in Panties Chapter One ( This multi-chapter story could be listed in several different groups. It contains group sex, bisexual and gay contact, incest, BDSM and other fetishes. If this offends you, please stop now. If it doesn't, I hope you enjoy . ) " Christ It's hot ." Suzanne stood under the shower watching the dust and the dirt from their dry and fallow farmland sluice...Read On
Added: 11 Oct 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.73 |
Words: 1,459 |
Tags: slut master slave dom/sub
| 5 Comments
The children had been born in early April, but both couples were still separated geographically. Jim and Pat were still in Tampa while Jim finished working on the ground work for the new subdivision. Steve and Beth were in Maryland waiting for the warm weather to return before they went back to the camp. The phone rang in Tampa, "It's a boy Jim. We named him Christopher." "That's great,...Read On
Added: 07 Oct 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.75 |
Words: 3,475 |
Tags: taboo bisexual
| 2 Comments
A trap turns out to be much more than Lisa anticipated it to be.
Lisa has always trusted Adam. Never once did she have to worry about Adam cheating on her with any other female. But that didn't stop her from being curious about how he acts when she's not around. Is he like every other male who stares at everything that walks by with tits and an ass? Certainly one would think not. Adam has always felt like he was a lucky man. Lisa is a very beautiful...Read On
Added: 06 Oct 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.75 |
Words: 3,212 |
Tags: halloween neighbors seduction temptress taboo quickie
| 9 Comments
Affair with best friend's husband
Luna opened the front door with the keys that her best friend Celine gave her. Celine's mother wasn't feeling that great and concerned Celine decided to leave her home for two weeks while asking Luna to take care of her twin daughters aged five and make sure her husband was okay. But Luna wanted to make sure that Carl was more than okay and most of all, that he didn't miss Celine's absence...Read On
Added: 27 Sep 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 3.83 |
Words: 1,276 |
Tags: affair
| 4 Comments
My wife wanted to spend Christmas with her mother and father so on December 20 we loaded our two teenagers up and made the 9 hour drive to the town where her parents lived. My wife had pretty well finished her Christmas shopping but with my job I had been unable to do any shopping at all. The next morning after arriving at her parents' house I got up and decided to drive to a larger town...Read On
Added: 23 Sep 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.83 |
Words: 2,536 |
Tags: affair niece love sex
| 2 Comments
What happens when you make it out, but your girlfriend doesn't?
Each year the Lush City Council holds their annual Maze Race . The objective is to get through the maze the fastest to win the prize that year. This also comes with a catch - the maze changes each year and there are little traps and surprises that may pop up every now and then. If you can successfully avoid as many of these distractions as possible, you'll be just fine. Once you exit the...Read On
Added: 13 Aug 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.88 |
Words: 6,443 |
Tags: maze sex reluctance capture rough sex anal rimming
| 15 Comments
What happens in Cabo, stays in Cabo… doesn't it?
Damon: I'll bet you'll get up to some trouble in Cabo. I smirked at the text that flashed up on our chat-log from the computer screen. He was always teasing me. Ashleigh: No trouble. At least not the good kind of trouble. I'm going with my boyfriend don't forget. There was a pause, and while I anticipated his next words, I took a sip of the vodka soda I was prone to drinking...Read On
Added: 04 Aug 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.98 |
Words: 10,833 |
Tags: rough sex anal rimming cheating dirty talk vacation facial cum-shot
| 120 Comments
Rachel brings her boyfriend back home and he finds out that Rachel's mom is just as much fun.
The following story is mostly true and re-told to the best of my memory. Of course this did take place a few years ago so I have no doubt that I might have forgotten a few details, still I'll try my best to re-tell it just as I experienced it. As a favor to you I'll skip over the boring parts of this story. No one wants to know about how many times you sharpen a pencil during an exam or how...Read On
Added: 03 Aug 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.96 |
Words: 7,632 |
Tags: mother-in-law masturbate milf tits blowjob
| 23 Comments
Bad events allow two people to get together in a surprise ending
Standing there behind the small group that had gathered at the cemetery, I couldn't help but feel sad for her. And at the same time, feel guilty. There she was, a beautiful woman at the young age of 19, four months pregnant and burying her husband of two years. I felt sad for her because no one should have to go through this type of thing, especially at this young age. I felt guilty because...Read On
Added: 30 Jul 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.78 |
Words: 3,187 |
Tags: older man younger woman hottub
| 8 Comments
Jez discovers patience pays off sometimes.....
I knew going for a quiet drink with Terry would be anything but 'quiet' it just never works out that way. I didn't really want to go out, I seem to stay in a lot more these days. Terry was not taking no for an answer tonight. "Come on, Jez, we ain't met up for ages, we need a good chinwag. You need to get yourself back in the game mate. It's been nearly a year now since…." The 'since' he...Read On
Added: 20 Jul 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 5 |
Words: 8,450 |
Tags: interracial oral striptease watersports spanking.rough
| 1 Comment
Robert cheated on me and I was out for revenge.
In May of 1986 Robert and I had broken-up. Let me correct that, I had just broken-up with Robert. The bastard had cheated on me by fucking the one girl I hated most in the world Alyssa Rudin. I might have been okay with it if it was anyone but her. I was okay with Robert fucking my friends just as long as I was there. But this time he crossed the line and I was out for revenge. I wasn't...Read On
Added: 18 Jul 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.69 |
Words: 2,469 |
Tags: revenge seduction older man son's girlfriend
| 22 Comments
While Jane and Brian are both gone, Jerry and his sweet lover Brenda have the time to play
I went back home and found the house empty, not only was there no sound, but now even the walls seemed empty to me. I went to the computer and searched the net, read a couple of stories and even they left me empty in ways I needed filled. Writing had always been a thing to take away the idle time of emptiness when Jane was home, but now I simply hungered for companionship, and only one...Read On
Added: 10 Jul 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.71 |
Words: 8,059 |
Tags: straight sex office sex porn photo shoot
| 2 Comments
Time to pay another visit to Kelly!
Knock! Knock! Knock! I stood on the doorstep of Kelly's house again with another bag full of baby accessories that my wife wanted me to drop off to her friend. Images raced through my mind of our last encounter and my heart felt like it was beating out of my chest as I stood there trying to look as calm as possible. The fact that she called my wife and asked if I could drop off a few more...Read On
Added: 24 Jun 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.94 |
Words: 2,705 |
Tags: masturbation breasts affair oral
| 8 Comments
Well, Brenda got moved in, her husband away, my wife as well, guess what, we have a lot of fun.
I felt the covers that had lain over us stir and the absence of my lover's body as I awoke. My eyes caught a glimpse of her bared buttocks as they disappeared into the bath room's door. I stretched out my arms and legs luxuriously to drive the sedentary muscles of sleep from my body, it felt so good to simply relax. To know that soon Brenda would come to greet the morning with me, even though...Read On
Added: 23 Jun 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.58 |
Words: 2,968 |
Tags: guest sex oral straight cuddling multiple climaxes
| 1 Comment
Allan's body said something he couldn't say himself
Back when I was about twenty, my old dad said to me, over a beer one day, "A divorced woman is like a used car." I had to ask him what he meant by that, and he clarified by saying, "Just remember, a man gets rid of a used car for a reason." Looking back, I'm not sure if he was just making blokey conversation, or whether he was actually offering me some fatherly advice, but sadly he never lived...Read On
Added: 14 Jun 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.83 |
Words: 10,844 |
Tags: taboo teen stepfather oral sex seduction consensual sex
| 12 Comments
Brenda comes to stay in the guest house and we have the place to ourselves.
The story continues with the departure of Brenda's husband and my wife as well. A house guest with benefits to say the least comes to continue our adventure and cum she does. Friday rolled around and I made it to work early as usual, Brian dropped off Brenda as usual, yet this time she came in and asked if she could borrow the keys for a minute and put a suitcase and some hung clothing...Read On
Added: 09 Jun 2010 | Category: Taboo |
Avg Score: 4.64 |
Words: 6,405 |
| 3 Comments


text:
|Sab S.
|Sent on:
|Wednesday, February 6, 2013 12:24 AM
Wish I could make it - good luck to any of you who go - send us a report if you can.
On Tue, Feb 5, 2013 at 7:38 PM, Sab Skenderi wrote:
Tomorrow, Wednesday Feb 6th, is the hearing on the government's appeal of a lower court's decision that the indefinite detention provision of the NDAA is unconstitutional.We're hoping to pack the courtroom. Click hereor read on for more detail.Date: Wednesday, February 6, 2013Time: 10 A.M. EST – (please arrive 9:45 A.M.)Location:U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second CircuitThurgood Marshall Courthouse40 Centre Street (40 Foley Square)Anyone interested in this pivotal case should attend. The goal is to pack the courtroom. An overflow room with the proceedings screened may be provided. We ask that you remain silent and respectful while in court; no signs, talking or gestures. The trial is expected to take approx. one hour.Tomorrow evening we're participating in a panel discussion about the NDAA at 5PM at the Culture Project, 45 Bleeker Street. It will feature the lawsuit's plaintiffs and other activists, and be moderated by Huffington Post's Matt Sledge and Salon's Natasha Lennard. More info hereand below:Pentagon Papers Whistleblower Daniel Ellsberg, Pulitzer Prize Winning Journalist Chris Hedges and most of the Freedom 7 address U.S. Government's Assault on Civil Liberties.Join us at a split panel discussion on Hedges v. Obama and a pattern of abuse, intimidation and assaults on liberties.Paid for by Demand Progress ( DemandProgress.org) and not authorized by any candidate or candidate's committee. Contributions are not deductible as charitable contributions for federal income tax purposes.
One last thing -- Demand Progress's small, dedicated, under-paid staff relies on the generosity of members like you to support our work. Will you click here to chip in $5 or $10?Or you can become a Demand Progress monthly sustainer by clicking here.Thank you!http://act.demandprogress.org/cms/unsubscribe/unsubscribe/?akid=1983.1957985.8-NPhi
--Please Note: If you hit " REPLY ", your message will be sent to everyone on this mailing list ( [address removed])This message was sent by Sab Skenderi ([address removed]) from The Bergen County Ron Paul for President Meetup Group.To learn more about Sab Skenderi, visit his/her member profileSet my mailing list to email me As they are sent| In one daily email| Don't send me mailing list messages
Meetup, POB 4668 #37895 NY NY USA 10163| [address removed]
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Julia Medew Google+
Call to get homeopathic remedies off pharmacy shelves
Julia Medew Pressure is mounting on pharmacists to stop selling homeopathic products after a major review found there was no credible scientific evidence to support the alternative medicines.
Pharmacists warned off homeopathy
Julia Medew Pressure is mounting on Australian pharmacists to stop selling homeopathic products.
Experimental vaccine helps advanced melanoma sufferers
Julia Medew Australian researchers say an experimental vaccine is extending the lives of patients with advanced melanoma and could be a useful new treatment for the disease, which kills about 1500 Australians a...
Genetic testing for incidental illnesses challenges medical ethics
Julia Medew Increasingly powerful genetic tests are raising ethical questions for doctors who are starting to find out more about what could be in store for people's health, including predispositions for mental...
Skin cancer warning over bogus 'black salve' treatment
Julia Medew A bogus cancer medicine has left an Australian man with a hole burnt in the side of his head, prompting renewed warnings for cancer patients to avoid alternative therapies.
Homeopathy dismissed by National Health and Medical Research Council review
Julia Medew There is no reliable evidence that homeopathy can treat health conditions, a major review of the practice by the National Health and Medical Research Council has concluded.
Lap band surgery helps treat type 2 diabetes in the overweight: study
Julia Medew Lap band surgery can be an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes in people who are overweight but not obese, a small but potentially game-changing study has found.
Genetic testing to predict menopause
Julia Medew A genetic test to predict the start of menopause is likely to be available within five years, allowing women to make more informed decisions about their health and fertility, a leading expert says.
A genetic test to predict menopause
Julia Medew A new genetic test has been developed that allows women to make informed choices about their health and fertility, expert says.
Austin Hospital booking system brings grief to cancer sufferer
Julia Medew Until May last year, Kevin Biaggini had no reason to doubt his care at the Austin Hospital.
Acupuncture as good as drugs, say researchers
Julia Medew Acupuncture is just as good as drugs at relieving pain in people's lower backs and from sprained ankles and migraines, a ground-breaking hospital trial has found.
Acupuncture as effective as drugs in treating pain, trial shows
Julia Medew An acupuncture trial in four Melbourne emergency departments has found it is just as good as drugs in relieving lower-back pain and that from sprained ankles and migraines.
Newer drug could replace pethidine for birth pain relief
Julia Medew The use of pethidine to relieve pain during birth may be on its way out as a small but growing number of doctors recommend a more powerful opiate that appears safer for babies.
Stigma of illness still rides black dog: survey
Julia Medew Discriminating attitudes towards people with a mental illness have decreased over the past decade, but many Australians still believe people with depression are dangerous, ''weak willed'' and have...
Workplace stress the next target for beyondblue after survey finds one in four think depressed people are a danger to others
Julia Medew Discriminating attitudes towards people with a mental illness have decreased over the past decade, but many Australians still believe people with depression are dangerous, ''weak-willed'' and have...
Sepsis deaths falling in intensive care units, study finds
Julia Medew Rapidly rising number of Australians surviving potentially fatal infections in intensive care units, but they may be going home with debilitating injuries, a landmark study has found.
Health Editor
Prostate cancer sufferers avoid surgery
Julia Medew More men are choosing to monitor prostate cancer rather than opt for treatment.
Bittersweet victory for 'Save Locky's Dad' campaign comes too late for Nick Auden
Julia Medew In a bittersweet development for Nick Auden's family, the "Save Locky's Dad" campaign appears to have expanded access to the potentially life-saving drug he was seeking, just three-and-a-half months...
HIV study lifts prevention hopes
Julia Medew Most HIV-positive people who are on antiretroviral treatment have a near-zero chance of transmitting the virus to others during unprotected sex, a landmark European study has found.
HIV: Treatment can cut transmission of virus to near zero, says study
Julia Medew Most HIV-positive people who are on antiretroviral treatment have a near zero chance of transmitting the virus to others during unprotected sex, a European study has found.


text:
Sixty one tissue samples from several rodent species trapped in five provinces of Thailand were examined for the presence of hantaviral markers by enzyme-immunoassay and immunoblotting. Four samples, all from the great bandicoot rat Bandicota indica, were confirmed positive for the hantaviral N-antigen. Two of them were trapped in Nakhon Pathom province, the other two in Nakhon Ratchasima province, approximately 250 km from the other trapping site. When analysed by RT-nested PCR, all four rodents were found positive for the hantaviral S- and M-segment nucleotide sequences. Genetic analysis revealed that the four newly described wild-type strains belong to Thailand hantavirus. On the phylogenetic trees they formed a well-supported cluster within the group of Murinae-associated hantaviruses and shared a recent common ancestor with Seoul virus.
Hantaviruses (genus Hantavirus, family Bunyaviridae) are robo (from
- ro
- bo
Since hantaviruses have been isolated from Murinae rodents in North Asia and Europe, the association with this particular group of hosts questions the presence of hantaviruses in other parts of the World, and particularly in South East Asia from where murine rodents are considered to originate and where more than 35 species of Murinae rodents are living [7]. Several hantaviruses have been recorded from South-East Asia, particularly: THAIV discovered in 1994 [8] in Thailand from a great bandicoot rat, Bandicota indica; and several hantavirus like isolated in Cambodia from Rattus rattus and R. norvegicus [9]. Also, serological surveys carried out to detect evidence of hantavirus in human populations or in wild rodents, revealed positive samples in Thailand and Cambodia [9-12]. From these preliminary results and after confirmation of a first human case in Thailand [13] several questions arise: What is the genetic diversity of the hantaviruses in South-East Asia? What are the relationships of the South Asian hantaviruses with the others? What is the real importance of hantaviruses for human health in this part of the World? The answers to these questions clearly deal with the hantavirus biodiversity and phylogeny [4,5,14]. They also suppose that coordinated investigations might relate the distribution of the hantaviruses in human populations and in different rodent species.
The first aim of this study was to examine a set of tissue samples from several rodent species trapped in Thailand, for the presence of hantaviral markers. Since the hantaviral N-protein antigen was detected in samples from B. indica, it was decided to attempt a recovery of viral genome sequences (S and M segments) from the antigen-positive tissue samples and to perform a (phylo)genetic analysis using these new data. So far, no complete THAIV S-sequence has been described in the literature [1] but while this work was in progress a complete THAIV S-sequence was deposited to Genbank. This sequence belongs to a cell culture isolate 741, originating from Thailand. Thus, our data presented an opportunity to compare the newly recovered sequences of the wild-type THAIV strains with that of a regular THAI isolate.
Materials and methods
Rodents were collected since 2004 during several field studies in the following provinces of Thailand: Nakhon Ratchasima, Sakhon Nakhon, Phrae, Nakhon Pathom and Loei. Trapping was focused on species living in proximity to humans: domestic and peridomestic species, Rattus exulans, R. rattus, R. norvegicus, and the main wild species occurring in agricultural areas, Bandicota indica and B. savilei. The study was conducted in agricultural areas including rice-growing rural villages either in seasonally flooded or non-flooded lands. Trapping and processing were performed according to established safety recommendations [15]. Animals were collected early in the morning and transferred to a field laboratory. Geographical coordinates of the trapping places were systematically recorded. Species identification was done using a regional taxonomic identification key [7]. Animals were measured, weighted and pictured. Serum samples and organs were stored in cryovials at -70°C.
Screening of rodent samples
Rodent lung tissue samples were screened by immunoblotting, for the presence of hantaviral N-antigen as described earlier [16]. In brief, small chips of tissue (approximately 100 mg) were placed into 500 mkl of Laemmli sample buffer and homogenized by sonication. Aliquots of 10 mkl were separated by electrophoresis in 10% sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gels and blotted with rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against Dobrava virus. Goat anti-rabbit antibodies conjugated with the horse radish peroxidase (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark) were used as secondary antibodies. A confirmatory immunoblotting was performed with the rat anti-SEOV antiserum [17]; in this case, rabbit anti-rat antibodies conjugated with the horseraddish peroxidase (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark) were used as secondary antibodies.
RNA isolation, reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing
RNA was purified from N antigen- positive samples with the TriPure reagent (Behringer Maannheim) following the manufacturer's instructions. Approximately 100 mg- piece of each lung tissue sample was ground in 1 ml of the TriPure reagent and subjected to RNA extraction. RT-PCR of the entire hantaviral S segment was performed essentially as described previously [18,19]. Partial sequences of the S segment (nt 389–946) and the M segment (nt 2021–2303) from wild-type THAIV strains were obtained by RT-nested PCRs (sequences of primers are available upon request). PCR-amplicons were gel-purified using QIAquick Gel Extraction -kit (QIAGEN). PCR-amplicon containing the entire S-sequences was cloned using the pGEM-T cloning kit (Promega) and the plasmids were purified with the QIAprep kit (QIAgen). PCR-amplicons containing the partial S- and M-sequences were gel-purified using QIAquick Gel Extraction -kit (QIAGEN). The plasmids and PCR-amplicons were sequenced automatically using either ABI PRISM™ Dye Terminator or ABI PRISM™ M13F and M13R Dye Primer sequencing kits (Perkin Elmer/ABI, NJ). Multiple nucleotide and amino sequence alignments were prepared manually using SeqApp 1.9a169 sequence editing program. Hantavirus sequences used for comparison were recovered from the Gene Bank.
Phylogenetic analysis
To infer phylogenies, the PHYLIP program package [20] was used first. 500 bootstrap replicates generated for complete coding sequences of the S segment, as well as partial sequences of the S segment and the M segments (Seqboot program) were fed to the distance matrice algorithm (Dnadist program, with the F84-model for nucleotide substitution). Distance matrices were analysed with the Fitch-Margoliash tree-fitting algorithm (Fitch program); the bootstrap support values were calculated with the Consense program. The nucleotide sequence data were also analysed with the Tree-Puzzle program [21]. The program implements a fast tree-searching algorithm (quartet puzzling) that allows reconstruction of phylogenetic trees by maximum likelihood. All trees were calculated with 10000 puzzling steps using Hasegawa-Kishino-Yano model of nucleotide substitutions. The transition/transversion ratio and the nucleotide frequencies were estimated from the data set. Uniformal model of rate heterogeneity across sites was applied.
Screening of rodents for the presence of hantaviral markers
Altogether 61 rodents were trapped: 7 B. indica, 27 B. savilei, 24 Rattus exulans, 1 R. argentiventer, 1 R. rattus, and 1 R. norvegicus. 53 lung tissue samples and 8 liver tissue samples have been collected and stored frozen until analysis. Screening by immunoblotting for the presence of hantaviral N-antigen using immunoblotting with anti-Dobrava virus antiserum revealed that 12 samples were considered positive or probably positive. A confirmatory immunoblotting was done with the anti-SEOV antiserum collected from R. norvegicus trapped in Indonesia [17]. Eight rodents were not confirmed as N-antigen-positive; these samples were subjected to the RT-PCR but none was found positive. Other four samples, all from B. indica, were confirmed positive for the hantaviral N-antigen. Two were trapped in Nakhon Pathom province, the other two in Nakhon Ratchasima province. The four N-antigen- positive rodents were analysed by RT-nested PCR and all were found positive for the hantaviral S- and M-segment nucleotide sequences.
Corresponding wild-type THAIV strains were designated as: THAIV/NakhonPathom/Bi0016/2004, THAIV/NakhonPathom/Bi0067/2004, THAIV/NakhonRatchasima/Bi0024/2004, and THAIV/NakhonRatchasima/Bi0017/2004. In the following: our wild-type strains refer to Thai0016, Thai0067, Thai0024, and Thai0017, respectively.
Genetic analysis
Partial M segment sequences (nt 2021–2303) recovered from samples Thai0016 and Thai0067 were identical. Other three sequences differed at 3–7 positions, i.e. shown 1.1–2.4% diversity. Notably, all but one mutation were silent; strain Thai0067 had a homologous substitution of isoleucine to valine at pos 110 of the deduced sequence of the GnGc protein. This suggested a strong stabilising selection operating on the protein level. The M segment sequences of strains Thai0016 (Thai0067), Thai0024, and Thai0017 were most closely related to M-sequences of other hantaviruses carried by Murinae rodents. As expected, the highest level of identity was observed to the published M segment sequence of the THAIV isolate 749 originated from B. indica trapped in Thailand [8], 96–98%. The sequence identity to SEOV M-sequences was a bit lower, 73–78%, and the sequence identity to HTNV, DOBV and SAAV M-sequences was even lower, 68–74%. The M segment sequences of hantaviruses associated with Arvicolinae or Sigmodontinae rodents were most distant (identity of 59–68%).
Partial S segment sequences (nt 389–946) of four wild-type THAIV strains differed at 2–10 positions, i.e. showed 0.4–1.8% diversity. All nucleotide susbtitutions were silent suggesting, again, a strong stabilising selective pressure applied on the encoded part of the N protein (aa residues 110–300). The S-sequences of strains Thai0016 and Thai0067 differed at three positions thus confirming that the two strains are distinct. Four THAIV S-sequences showed high level of identity to SEOV, HTNV (also the HTNV-like DBSV and AMRV), DOBV, and SAAV S-sequences, 69%–75%. The S segment sequences recovered from R. rattus, which were trapped in Cambodia, showed the highest level of identity, 83–84%, with the newly recovered THAIV S-sequences.
From the rodent sample Thai0017 we were able to RT-amplify complete S segment sequence. It appeared to be 1882 nt in length (the first and the last 22 nucleotides from the complete S-amplicons originated from the PCR primer and therefore were not determined directly). The sequence consists of the 5'- (positive sense) non-coding region (NCR) of 46nt, the open reading frame of 1290 nt for the N protein (429 aa residues), and the 3'NCR of 546 nt. The deduced aa sequence of the THAIV N protein showed the highest identity (87%) to the N protein of SEOV. The N protein sequences of other Murinae-associated hantaviruses were less related: HTNV- 85%, DOBV – 83%, and SAAV – 82% while the N protein sequences of Arvicolinae- and Signodontinae- associated hantaviruses showed the lowest level of sequence identity: e.g., PUUV- 64% and SNV – 64%.
A comparison of our newly recovered wild-type THAIV S-sequence (Thai0017) and the sequence from the cell culture isolate 741 (Thai741) recently deposited to GenBank (Acc. number AB186420), showed that they are almost identical in length (1882 vs 1884 nt) and exhibit an overall diversity of 3.5%. The 5'-NCR of the Thai0017 strain is one nt longer while the 3'-NCR is 2 nt shorter than the corresponding regions of the Thai741 strain. The coding regions if the two strains show 3.2% diversity and the NCRs show 3.8% diversity. Deduced N protein sequences are 98.8% identical and all five substitutions, L39F, R41K, R73K, M226V, and I322V are homologous. This once again stresses the point that the N protein sequence is highly conserved within a given hantavirus type due to functional constrains (see, e.g., [22,23]).
Phylogenetic analysis
On the phylogenetic trees constructed for complete and partial S segment sequences and also for partial M-segment sequences THAIV strains clustered together and formed a well supported group. Same branching pattern was seen on the trees calculated using different algorithms; the ML-Puzzle-trees are shown on Figures 1 to 3. Not surprisingly, THAIV sequences were placed within the group of Murinae-associated hantaviruses and shared a recent common ancestor with SEOV reflecting a close relationships between Bandicota and Rattus genera. These two hantavirus species formed a sister taxa to another group that included hantaviruses associated with Apodemus mice: DOBV, SAAV, HTNV and also HTNV-like viruses Da Bie Sha, and Amur/Soochong. Within the group of THAIV strains, some signs of geographical clustering were seen. On the partial M-segment tree, the sequences of wt-strains from Nakhon Ratchasima province (Thai0024 and Thai0017) were separated from the sequence of Thai0016 and Thai0067 strains (Nakhon Pathom province). On both partial S- and partial M- segment trees the wt-strains from Nakhon Pathom and Nakhon Ratchasima were separated from the isolates Thai741 and Thai749.
Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree (ML-TreePuzzle) of hantaviruses based on the complete coding region of the S segment. Only bootstrap support values greater than 70% are shown. Complete S-segment sequences:Thottapalayam virus (TPLV) (GeneBank accession no. AY526097); Seoul virus (SEOV), strain SR11 (M34881); Thailand virus (THAIV), strain 741 (AB186420); Dobrava virus (DOBV), strain Dobrava (L41916); Saaremaa virus (SAAV), strain Saaremaa/160v (AJ009773); Hantaan virus (HTNV), strain 76–118 (M14626); Amur virus (AMRV), strain Solovey/AP63/1999 (AB071184); Soochong virus, strain SC-1 (AY675349); Muju virus, strain Muju99-28 (DQ138142); Puumala virus (PUUV), strain Sotkamo (X61035); Hokkaido virus (HOKV), strain Kamiiso-8-Cr-95 (AB010730); Topografov virus (TOPV), strain Ls136V (AJ011646); Khabarovsk virus (KHAV), strain MF-43 (U35255); Tula virus (TULV), strain Moravia/02v (Z69991); Isla Vista virus (ISLAV), strain MC-SB-47 (U19302); Prospect Hill virus (PHV), strain PH-1 (Z49098); Bloodland lake virus (BLLV), strain MO46 (U19303); Bayou virus (BAYV), strain Louisiana (L36929); Black Creek Canal (BCCV) (L39949); Muleshoe virus (MULV), strain SH-Tx-339 (U54575); Maporal virus, strain HV-97021050 (AY267347); Choclo virus (DQ285046); Maciel virus (MCLV), strain 13796 (AF482716); Pergamino virus (PRGV), strain 14403 (AF482717); Oran virus (ORNV), strain 22996 (AF482715); Hu39694 virus (AF482711); Lechiguanas virus (LECV), strain 22819 (AF482714); Bermejo virus (BMJV), strain Oc22531 (AF482713); Andes virus (ANDV), strain AH-1 (AF324902); Araucaria virus, strain HPR/02-72 (AY740625); Rio Mamore virus (RIOMV), strain Om-556 (U52136); Laguna Negra virus (LANV), strain 510B (AF005727); Rio Segundo virus (RIOSV), strain RMx-Costa-1 (U18100); El Moro Canyon (ELMCV), strain RM-97 (U11427); Sin Nombre virus (SNV), strain NM H10 (L25784); Monongahela virus (MGLV), strain Monongahela-1 (U32591); and New York virus (NYV), strain RI-1 (U09488).
Figure 2. Phylogenetic tree (ML-TreePuzzle) of hantaviruses based on partial sequence (nt 389–946) of the S segment. Only bootstrap support values greater than 70% are shown. Partial S-segment sequences:PUUV, strain Sotkamo (X61035); TULV, strain Moravia/02v (Z69991); SEOV, strains Gou3 (AF184988), Gou3v9 (AB027522), Hb8610 (AF288643), R22 (AF288295), L99 (AF288299), Z37 (AF187082), zy27 (AF406965), Pf26 (AY006465), IR461 (AF329388), SR11 (M34881), Tchoupitoulas (AF329389), Jakarta137 (AJ620583), Cambodia (Camb)41 (AJ427501), Camb32 (AJ427508), Camb58 (AJ427510), Camb180 (AJ427506), Camb174 (AJ427513), Camb96 (AJ427512), and Camb117 (AJ427511); THAIV virus, strain 741 (AB186420); SAAV, strain Saaremaa/160v (AJ009773); DOBV, strain Dobrava (L41916); Da Bie Shan virus (DBSV), strains NC167 (AB027523), AH211 (AF288647), and AH09 (AF285264); Amur virus (AMRV), strains Solovey/AP63/1999 (AB071184), and Solovey/AP61/1999 (AB071183); and HTNV, strains A16 (AB027099), A9 (AF329390), Maaji (AF321095), and 76–118 (M14626).
Figure 3. Phylogenetic tree (Fitch-Margoiliash) of hantaviruses based on partial sequence (nt 2021–2303) of the M segment. Only bootstrap support values greater than 70% are shown. Partial M-segment sequences:PUUV, strain Sotkamo (X61034); TULV, strain Moravia/02v (Z69993); DOBV, strain Dobrava (L33685); SAAV, strain Saaremaa/160v (AJ009774); DBSV, strain NC167 (AB027115); HTNV, strains 76–118 (M14627), HoJo (D00376), Lee (D00377), HV114 (L08753), and A9 (AF035831); THAIV, strain 749 (L08756); and SEOV, strains Gou3 (AB027521), SR11 (M34882), Tchoupitoulas (U00473), Hubei-1 (S72343), 80–39 (S47716), Girard Point (U00464), Egypt (U00463), SD227 (AB027091), CD10 (AB027092), Z37 (AF187081), Hebei4 (AB027089), c3 (AB027088), IR461 (AF458104), Brazil (U00460), Baltimore (U00151), B1 (X53861), France-Rn90 (AJ878418), Jakarta137 (AJ620583), Beijing-Rn (AB027087), HN71-L (AB027085), Houston (U00465), Shanxi (AB027084), Henan (AB027083), Wan (AB027081), NM39 (AB027080), and J12 (AB027082).
Most notably, the phylogenies inferred for the partial S segment sequences revealed a well-supported monophily of THAIV strains and wt-strains associated with R. rattus in Cambodia [described by Reynes et al., 2003 [9]]. These two clusters of strains were clearly separated from the major cluster of SEOV strains including R. rattus-associated strain Gou originated from Zhejiang (China) [24]. This result suggested that there are two distinct hantaviral types found in R. rattus: "Cambodia-like" (a close relative of THAIV) and "China-like" (Gou, a close relative of bona fide SEOV).
Rodent hosts for hantaviruses in Thailand
Our data confirmed hantavirus circulation in at least two provinces of Thailand: Nakhon Pathom and Nakhon Ratchasima. Notably, four B. indica rodents were found hantavirus-positive but none of B. salivei suggesting B. indica as a primary host for THAIV. Rattus species were all found hantavirus-negative during this study. However previous serological investigations of hantaviruses in Thailand have shown other rodents as possible vectors: Rattus rattus [12,25,26], R. exulans [11,26,27]; R. norvegicus [11,12,27] and R. losea [26]. A more intensive study is needed to clarify this issue.
Results of (phylo)genetic analyses of THAIV and related viruses
In this paper, for the first time, the complete S segment sequence of THAI virus is described. The new genetic information is in line with our previous knowledge based on the complete M segment sequence: THAIV is a distinct hantavirus species that shows a substantial genetic diversity from other members of the Hantavirus genus and shares the most recent common ancestor with SEOV and the more ancient common ancestor with other Murinae-associated viruses. Four newly described wt- strains of THAIV showed decent genetic diversity between themselves, 0.4–2.4%, and also to the previously described THAIV isolate (2–4%, in the partial M.-segment sequence). Interestingly, these wt strains, which originated from two trapping areas 250 km apart, showed some signs of geographical clustering, the feature shared by all known hantaviruses except the "cosmopolitan" SEOV associated with R. norvegicus [4,5].
When analysing the partial S segment sequences we observed that the newly described THAIV strains are monophyletic with the wt hantavirus strains associated with R. rattus in Cambodia. These two sister taxa are separated from SEOV strains associated with R. norvegicus worldwide but also from the R. rattus-associated strain Gou originated from China. This phylogeny is different from the phylogeny inferred by Reynes et al [9] for partial S segment sequence (nt 370–970): in the later, the THAIV sequence (Thai749) is not monophyletic with any Rattus- associated virus but instead occupies the most ancestral node in the THAIV-HTNV-DOBV-SAAV-SEOV clade.
Reynes and co-authors [9] suggested that at least two subtypes of SEOV carried by R. rattus circulate in Asia. Phylogeny presented in this paper (Fig. 2) suggests that there might be two distinct hantaviruses associated with R. rattus. The first of them, Gou virus, is either a subtype of SEOV or a closely related to SEOV but distinct hantavirus. The second hantavirus, which was found in Cambodia, is a relative of THAIV but a distinct entity as well. Further investigation is needed to unwrap this intriguing story. For instance, it might be worth studying whether the "Cambodia virus" is a product of a host-switch of pre-THAI from Bandicota to Rattus.
The results of previous studies suggested that new viruses, different hosts and different human syndromes may be expected to be discovered in the future in Southeastern Asia where Muridae rodents are endemic and highly diversified and where the human population is regularly exposed to them. The recent discovery of a new hantavirus in Guinea [28] demonstrate that hantaviruses have to be tracked wherever Muridae rodents are living. Further studies are needed to assess the reality of an endemic Southeast Asian group of hantaviruses and to understand their particularities, their current distribution among rodents in different areas and in different landscapes and finally their potential dangerousness for humans. This also supposes the improvement of our knowledge of the ecology and biogeography of the hantavirus natural reservoirs in Southeast Asia. Thailand, which health system is strongly organized and possesses important and detailed archives has all the necessary resources to organize such a program. The results may be of interest for all the surrounding countries and give rise to a regional cooperation in this field of study.
Most recently we became aware of the manuscript of S. Pattamadilok and co-authors [29] in which they characterized the S segment sequence recovered from the THAIV isolate and also performed antigenic cross-reactivity studies of rodent and human sera collected in Thailand. Their observations on THAIV-positive bandicoot rats as well as results of the phylogenetic analyses are nicely in line with our data reported here. Most interestingly, the serum of one patient with the HFRS symptoms showed high titers of THAIV-neutralisiung antibodies suggesting that this hantavirus is a human pathogen.
Authors' contributions
JPH participated in the study design and coordination, trapping and screening of rodents, and drafting the manuscript. AngP participated in the screening of the rodent samples, performed RNA isolation, RT-PCR and sequencing, participated also in the genetic analysis and drafting the manuscript. VH participated in the study design, trapping and screening of rodents, and drafting the manuscript. KN participated in (phylo)genetis analyses and drafting the manuscript. JL participated in the study coordination and screening of rodents. ÅL participated in the study coordination and drafting the manuscript. YS participated in the study coordination and trapping and screening of rodents. HH participated in the study design and coordination and drafting the manuscript. AP participated in the study design and coordination, (phylo)genetic analyses and drafted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
This work received financial support from the Academy of Finland and the French program "ANR- Santé-Environnement" (no. 00121 0505). Nucleotide sequences described in this paper have been deposited to the databases under accession numbers AM397664-71. The authors are greatful to Dr. S. Pittamadilok and Dr. J. Arikawa for sharing their data before publication.
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Clearing floating elements is part of the grind for most web developers. We can still get caught out though. For example, how do you clear floated list elements without setting a height? "The answer to this little dilemma is actually really simple," says Rhys Little of Plug and Play, "Just add the following two CSS properties to any list container with floated list elements."
display: block;
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If you check the list container now with any DOM inspector you'll find that the height attribute has automatically been calculated - and that fixes the issue.
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BURLINGTON, Vt. (AP) - The sound system next door is making it hard for Olga Lopatina to love thy neighbor: Christ the King church.
Page 13 of 13
ATLANTA (AP) - A masked man and his wife who dress in superhero costumes say they're trying to fight crime by patrolling the streets of an Atlanta neighborhood.
Internet companies such as Apple, Facebook and Google have vast amounts of data on you.
WASHINGTON (AP) - Being a Supreme Court justice has not only been good for Sonia Sotomayor's legal career, it's also helped her bank account.
SANTA MONICA, Calif. (AP) - A Southern California hospital says it has received three Santa Monica shooting victims, including two in critical condition.
NASHVILLE, Tenn. (AP) - The debate over the Christian concept of Calvinism is about 500 years old. That's not stopping it from causing division in the nation's largest Protestant denomination.
DALLAS (AP) - A pregnant Texas actress who told FBI agents her husband had sent ricin-tainted letters to President Barack Obama and New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg has been arrested for allegedly sending the letters herself, law enforcement officials said Friday.
ATLANTA (AP) - Records show that Georgia is on pace to spend nearly $35 million on private lawyers to do work for its departments and agencies rather than state attorneys.
ALEXANDRIA, Va. (AP) - Two Atlanta men who ran a prostitution ring that employed underage girls and stretched from Maryland to Florida have been sentenced to 25 and 20 years in prison.
NEW YORK (AP) - The stock market rose sharply in early trading Friday after the U.S. government reported that hiring picked up in May.
SAN FRANCISCO (AP) - With every phone call they make and every Web excursion they take, people are leaving a digital trail of revealing data that can be tracked by profit-seeking companies and terrorist-hunting government officials.
ATLANTA (AP) - A federal report shows that some of Georgia's youth detention centers are among the nation's worst for sexual assaults on inmates.
ATLANTA (AP) - George Washington's personal, annotated copy of the Constitution will be on display beginning Friday for a limited time at the Jimmy Carter Presidential Library & Museum in Atlanta, part of a traveling exhibit among the 13 presidential libraries.
SCHAGHTICOKE, N.Y. (AP) - Officials at a small school district in upstate New York say an "honest mistake" led to students being identified in the yearbook as "Creepy smile kid" and "Some tall guy."
PHILADELPHIA (AP) - The national organ transplant network has complied with a judge's unusual order and placed a dying 10-year-old girl on the adult waiting list for a donated lung, and a patient at the same hospital asked the court for the same relief.
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Starbucks Via Tumbler
This is a leak-proof plastic mug that's great for frequent drinkers of Starbucks VIA coffee because it has a built-in space to hold Starbucks VIA instant coffee packets. It won't keep your drink hot or cold for long, though. 10-ounces. Available in clear with red or silver accents. Starbucksstore.com.
Reviewed: August 2010
Price When Reviewed: $20.00
- Easy to open and close
- Comfortable in the hand
- Pleasant to sip from
- Won't block your view when you take a sip
- Leak and spill proof
- Stable
- Poor insulation so it doesn't do a great job at keeping drinks hot or cold
- Only holds 10 ounces
- Hand-wash only
What do you think?
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It's a tremendous Thursday morning for golf at GreyHawk Golf Club, about 20 minutes from downtown Ottawa. The first pot of coffee is bubbling in the corner of the dining…
WHITE SULPHUR SPRINGS, W.Va. – Danny Lee was overcome with nerves after qualifying for a four-man playoff at The Greenbrier Classic. By the time he walked to the first playoff tee,…
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Greenpeace calls on oil companies and the Canadian government to stop the tar sands. We call for an end to industrialization in vast areas of Indigenous territories, forests and wetlands in northern Alberta.
Greenpeace fights nuclear power because it poses a serious threat to the environment and humanity. The expansion of nuclear power must be halted and nuclear plants shut down so that we can develop a clean energy future. That's why we are working to stop Darlington in Ontario and protect electricity consumers from a new round of nuclear debt.
Greenpeace pressures the Canadian government and mobilizes citizens to demand action on climate change. We have developed a comprehensive Energy [R]evolution for Canada. The Energy [R]evolution outlines a clean energy future that challenges the current destructive energy scenario. Join Canada's Energy [R]evolution and support renewable energy to fight climate change.
Melina Laboucan-Massimo June 15, 2010
George Poitras, Melina Laboucan-Massimo, and Dr. David Schindler. Image from Norwegian news site VG NETT.
Back from a recent tour to Scandinavia , I'm left with the sense that...
Jessica Wilson May 13, 2010
The Tar Sands Take Europe (part 2) The Guardian ran a story Monday on the front page of its business section about the newly-released report from Greenpeace Canada and Greenpeace UK, called "Tar...
Jessica Wilson May 12, 2010
The Tar Sands Take Europe (part 1)
When most Canadians set off to backpack across Europe in their 20s, I would reckon that the typical travel plan doesn't include stops at pension funds or...
Greenpeace today released a new report on exports of tar sands oil to the United Kingdom and Europe as part of a campaign to put pressure on European politicians to adopt tough fuel standards that could ban imports of Alberta's dirty oil.
Stephanie Goodwin May 5, 2010
As Enbridge Pipelines was holding their Annual General Meeting in Calgary today, Greenpeace was outside their Vancouver office holding a vigil. We stood in solidarity with affected...
221 - 225 of 252 results.


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: Injury Report:
Max Pac severe concussion & verterbrae fracture (UPDATE: to practice in 4-6 weeks!!!)
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Some Bruins fans are all too forgiving when one of their players commits a gross act. "All it deserved was an interference penalty," they say. Their main concern was the number of minutes Chara was penalized. But when it comes to their own injured players they have the memory of an elephant and carry their grudges against Randy Jones and others forever. When I saw Pacioretty unconscious on the ice and being wheeled off on a gurney I momentarily harbored a dark thought that I wished it was a Bruin instead but I snapped out of it and realized that such wishes are barbaric. A number of years ago a wacko fan named Sarge88 posted on the Bruins board that he wished the Habs chartered plane would crash, and then he added that he meant it. I think someone with such sociopathic tendencies should seek psychiatric care before he loses himself and carries our one of his homicidal impulses. He would deny that he was capable of doing such a thing. but the mere thought is troubling to normal people.
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Muskego News
Local news for Muskego, WI continually updated from thousands of sources on the web.
Callen Staffer Earns National Certification Designation
Tuesday Jun 30 | Muskego | Comment?
Burglary suspects allegedly targeted Whitefish Bay couple away at a funeral
Monday Jun 29 | Whitefish Bay | Comment?
Burglars targeted Whitefish Bay couple away at a funeral
Friday Jun 26 | Whitefish Bay | Comment?
Callen Staffer Earns National Certification Designation
Friday Jun 26 | Brookfield | Comment?
Callen Construction Receives GAF Excellence Awards
Tuesday Jun 23 | WauwatosaNOW.com | Comment?
Driver accused in bicyclists deaths in Muskego released on bail
Monday Jun 22 | Muskego | Comment?
Time to go?
News 794
Loosing Innocent Lives In An Airstrike: Do the Pros Out...
news 562
39 Celebrities You'll Be Shocked To Learn Are Atheists
Bass Bay Brewhouse in Muskego to open in July, with a Milwaukee chef as a partner
Monday Jun 22 | Milwaukee Journal-Sentinal | Comment?
Sunday Jun 21 | Muskego | Comment?
Evergreens More Prepared for State This Time Around
Friday Jun 19 | WSAW | Comment?
Charges filed against man accused of hitting, killing two bicyclists
Thursday Jun 18 | WTMJ-AM Milwaukee | Comment?
South Milwaukee man charged in deaths of two bicyclists in Muskego
Thursday Jun 18 | Muskego | Comment?
Man charged in deaths of bicyclists
Thursday Jun 18 | Milwaukee Journal-Sentinal | Comment?
Greg Peck; A great-grandmother watches over crane chick
Wednesday Jun 17 | The Janesville Gazette | Comment?
Milwaukee expands summer road paving project
Tuesday Jun 16 | WISN-TV | Comment?
UW-Milwaukee Creates Free App to Help Parents Encourage Reading
Tuesday Jun 16 | Newswise | Comment?
Food fight flops at Muskego High
Monday Jun 15 | Muskego | Comment?
New summer school classes brings in Muskego-Norway students
Monday Jun 15 | Muskego | Comment?
Updated: Thu Jul 02, 2015 02:33 pm
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1855 25C Arrows MS64 PCGS....
2013 June 5 - 9 US Coin Signature Auction - Long Beach #1186
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1855 Seated Liberty Quarter, MS641855 25C Arrows MS64 PCGS. The Arrows motif was a three-year design type, introduced in 1853 to indicate a weight change in most silver denominations. This attractive Choice specimen is well-detailed in most areas, but the date and arrows are lightly impressed. Satiny mint luster shines through shades of golden-tan and lavender toning. Population: 16 in 64 (1 in 64+), 10 finer (4/13).(Registry values: P4) (NGC ID# 23U8, PCGS# 5435)
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13 GIFs That Perfectly Describe Driving in Tyler
I've often told people I'd rather drive in a major city than Tyler.
I've often told people I'd rather drive in a major city than Tyler.
Adam names the three former contestants he'd love to collaborate with.
Last night, 'American Idol' concluded its penultimate season, and the winner is… Nick Fradiani! Plus, surprise performances aplenty!
The Simpsons has gone on long enough that fans will inevitably face cast departure or a potential end to the series, but despite the recent renewal for Seasons 27 and 28, that end may already be in sight. Iconic Simpsons mainstay Harry Shearer appears to have revealed his exit from the long-running FOX animated series, and not even Ned Flanders could find the optimism here.
Congratulations to Ariana Grande and Kendall Jenner! The brunette bombshells cracked the Top 10 of FHM's Sexiest Women in the World list.
Last night, Grey's Anatomy fans were heartbroken and shocked to discover that one of their favorite, most enduring characters would be killed off in the newest episode — hours before it even aired. Thanks to a mistake made by Entertainment Weekly, the death of Patrick Dempsey's Dr. Derek Shepherd (aka "McDreamy") was well-known before audiences had the chance to watch the episode. That should have taken some of the sting out by allowing them to prepare for the tragic, abrupt death of Shepherd, but instead it only served to exacerbate outrage.
Check out this modern-day tortoise and the hare moment.
You can help make miracles come true, improve your health and have some family fun all at the same time on Saturday, April 25 at Faulkner Park in Tyler with the Children's Miracle Network 5k & Family Fun Run.
On Sunday Jordan Spieth became the second-youngest person to win The Masters in Augusta, Ga. He broke records throughout the tournament, and won everyone over in the process.
Find out what happened to your favorite Gilmore Girls castmembers.
See the full list of winners at the 2015 MTV Movie Awards, updated live!


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Jozy Altidore
News about Jozy Altidore, including commentary and archival articles published in The New York Times.
Bradley Replaces Dempsey as US Captain for CONCACAF Gold Cup
Michael Bradley will be the U.S. captain for the CONCACAF Gold Cup rather than Clint Dempsey.
July 2, 2015, Thursday
Klinsmann Picks 17 of 23 World Cup Vets for Gold Cup
The U.S. roster for next month's CONCACAF Gold Cup will look a lot like the American team at last year's World Cup.
June 23, 2015, Tuesday
Beasley on US Roster for CONCACAF Gold Cup
Houston Dynamo defender DaMarcus Beasley, who announced his retirement from the U.S. national team in December, was among 35 players on the Americans' preliminary roster for next year's CONCACAF Gold Cup that was announced Wednesday.
June 10, 2015, Wednesday
Aston Villa CEO Says Dyke's Quota Plan Lacks Support
Greg Dyke's proposal to increase the quota of home-grown players in the Premier League could 'decimate' the academy system at clubs like Aston Villa, chief executive Tom Fox said on Wednesday.
June 10, 2015, Wednesday
Stanford Star Morris Gets His Chance With US National Team
The tattoo was his mother's idea about five years ago.
June 9, 2015, Tuesday
Player Ratings: Netherlands (3) vs. United States (4)
Player ratings for the United States national team in Friday's 4-3 win against the Netherlands in Amsterdam.
June 6, 2015, Saturday
Late Goals by Williams, Wood Lead US Over Netherlands 4-3
The United States had been 0-4 against the Netherlands and had just given up a pair of second-half goals, keeping up the pattern of defensive mistakes that has plagued the Americans since last year's World Cup.
June 5, 2015, Friday
US Routs New Zealand 4-0 to Advance at Under-20 World Cup
Rubio Rubin scored twice around goals by Emerson Hyndman and Paul Arriola, and the United States routed host New Zealand 4-0 Tuesday at Wellington to become the first team to reach the second round of the Under-20 World Cup.
June 2, 2015, Tuesday
Live and Kicking: Soccer Games to Watch
The week's two biggest games with global appeal are, alas, on the same day. But Saturday will be huge.
June 2, 2015, Tuesday
Toronto F.C.'s Jozy Altidore Sidelined With Strained Hamstring
Altidore, a forward, could be out for four or five weeks.
May 20, 2015, Wednesday
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Resolution: standard / high
Figure 5.
Claudin-16, -19, -7, and −8 expressions in the kidney cortex of rats fed 0.3% or 8% NaCl for 8 weeks. Target mRNA or protein levels were normalized against GAPDH and expressed as relative amounts. Salt loading for 8 weeks did not significantly alter claudin-16 (5A), -19 (5B), -7 (5C), or −8 (5D) mRNA. n=13-15 for 5A and 5B, and n=9-10 for 5C and 5D.
Yatabe et al. BMC Nephrology 2012 13:160 doi:10.1186/1471-2369-13-160


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VIEWS: 103 PAGES: 5 POSTED ON: 5/29/2011 Public Domain
Questionnaire on Foreign Language Learning 'Thinking about learning how you learn a language' The aim of this survey is to look at cultural and social differences which may influence the way you learn a language. Personal details Gender Age Nationality Number of Years learning English Language qualifications Educational Qualifications Reasons for Learning English What were the best methods and activities to learn English you have had? What were the worst methods and activities to learn English you have had? 1 How would you describe language teaching in your country? What are the characteristics of the education or the people of your country which influence how you learn a language? Describe how you think being male or female may influence your attitude to learning a language? Most English course books describe life and situations from an English western point of view. Describe how you think this may affect learners from different countries? Look at the following list of language learning items and write down how you think you learn them best Vocabulary Grammar Listening Reading Writing 2 Speaking What kind of activities do you enjoy most in the classroom and why? What kind of activities do you enjoy least in the classroom and why? What kind of activities to do with the language do you do outside the classroom? 'A self-access language centre is a centre where you are able to access language material on your own or with a partner. In a good self-access centre there are all kinds of material such as books, magazines, films and audio material with assignments at different levels. There is also access to the Internet which you can use when studying. Most of the exercises have answer sheets and you are usually asked to assess your own progress. There is usually a language teacher available to help you. As a learner you are able to choose your own way of learning and set out your own 'learning path'. Referring to the things you have already written down describe why you think you would or would not enjoy this kind of learning. 3 At present there are number of 'distance learning' courses on the Internet being developed to learn languages. Do you think it's possible to learn a language by using the Internet? Give your reasons. Would you enjoy doing a course at a distance? What are the advantages or disadvantages? Referring back to the title and aim of this survey, are there any other points which you would like to add which have not been included Thank you very much for doing this survey. Please e-mail it to: email@example.com and firstname.lastname@example.com 4 5
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Conjoined Twins Separated After 9-Hour Surgery
Owen and Emmett Ezell, who once shared a liver and intestines, are on the road to recovery.
The Science of Conjoined Twins
A rare look at the science behind the phenomenon of conjoined twins.
Formerly Conjoined Twins Released From Hospital
Emmitt and Owen Ezell will spend some time at a rehabilitation facility as part of their recovery.
Parents Opt Not to Separate Conjoined Twin Boys
The best thing is to keep them together, their mother says.
Dallas Conjoined Twins Head to Rehab
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Originally written on Fox Sports Southwest | Last updated 5/11/13
MEMPHIS, Tenn. (AP) -- Marc Gasol scored 20 points and hit two free throws with 1:03 left to put Memphis ahead to stay, and the Grizzlies held off the Oklahoma City Thunder 87-81 Saturday to take a 2-1 lead in this Western Conference semifinal. Gasol scored 16 in the second half as Memphis remained unbeaten at home in the postseason. The Grizzlies pulled out the win in an ugly performance for both teams following a three-day layoff since Game 2. After struggling at the free throw line in Oklahoma City, the Grizzlies hit all six at the line in the final 1:03 to clinch it. Kevin Durant scored 25 points, but only two in the fourth quarter. A 91 percent free throw shooter in the regular season, Durant missed two with 39.3 seconds left.
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- The Big Picture: What's AAP
- A year later, the tweak: Desh to Dilli
- Bus from Burari laden with volunteers and hope
- Rare day out for AAP families
- Riot of support for AAP in communal hot spots
- Hunt on for CM house, will not accept Z-plus security
- No word from high command, Delhi Congress in a paralysis
- Latest News
- Second time at Ramlila Maidan: Hope overrides their doubts
- Kejriwal has no portfolio, will keep an eye on others
- In sea of white caps, BJP troika plans to be 'forceful opposition'
- MP, MLA see Punjab as the next AAP stop
- A year later, the tweak: Desh to Dilli
- Arvind Kejriwal repeats his advice to sting the corrupt, asks police to act against 'goondagardi'
- Proud that one of our volunteers has become Delhi CM: Anna Hazare
- Arvind Kejriwal not to keep any portfolio
- Now an Aam Aadmi Party Cola by beverage-maker inspired by Arvind Kejriwal's party
- New chief minister Arvind Kejriwal holds meetings at Delhi Secretariat
- Cong's Ajay Maken blames Sheila Dikshit for Delhi polls debacle
- Left, right, AAP
Questions and non-sequiturs
For TV channels, election season is about trying to get politicians to give straightforward replies.
In the time of elections, who do you expect to see? Why, politicians of course, not Salman Khan. But there he was, trying to appear comfortable in an oversized chair that, believe it or not, almost dwarfed him. He was a guest at the India Today Conclave, answering questions put to him by Koel Purie Rinchet. If you can call them answers. Question: "Who is in your heart right now?" Answer: "Just now I am in a transit period." And so it went — questions and non-sequitur answers — so much so that finally Rinchet burst out, "You might as well ask your own questions and
answer them!"
That is something politicians might like to do when they are in the firing line. On Saturday, many of them were. Mamata Banerjee was up against Arnab Goswami (Times Now) and she dealt with him the way she does with most people — like a school marm reprimanding a naughty schoolboy. Asked about a possible alliance with Narendra Modi, she replied tersely: "I cannot adjust with communal forces — that chapter is closed." And Amar Singh re-emerged from we don't know where to wax philosophical (India News). Asked if he was going to fight the Lok Sabha elections, he ruminated, "Kal kisne dekha hai?" As it happened, of course, the very next day his candidature for the RLD from Fatehpur was announced, so clearly he was more of a clairvoyant
than he made himself out to be.
Modi was taking a tea break with women from different parts of India on chai pe charcha and Lalu Prasad was having a session with Madhu Trehan on Facebook Talks Live (NDTV 24×7/ newslaundry.com) without the tea.
But where was news television's favourite subject? Arvind Kejriwal was on News24 informing Anuradha Prasad that Mukesh Ambani was the "real" face of the nation. We saw another face of Aam Aadmi Party's leading man on Monday, when a clip posted on YouTube was run on news channels. It showed him in muffled conversation with Aaj Tak's Prasoon Bajpai at the end of an interview — without his muffler (sorry for the poor joke), requesting parts of the interview to be played up.
In this season of polls, it's all about asking questions and trying to get straightforward replies. For those, you need to speak to the voters rather than the political aspirants. On NDTV India's National Highway, we were at Baba ka Dhaba in Kanpur, where foodies were asked about the elections, Modi and Kejriwal. One customer declared that Arvindji could no longer …continued »


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WASHINGTON — Federal regulators have alleged that a brokerage account in Switzerland was used for illegal insider trading ahead of the H.J. Heinz acquisition Thursday.
The Securities and Exchange Commission obtained a court order Friday to freeze the account and prevent the assets from being moved.
The account was used for trades placed Wednesday that netted $1.7 million after the deal was announced. The SEC says it doesn't know the identity of the traders but said they "took risky bets" that Heinz's stock price would increase.
On Thursday, Warren Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway and the Brazilian firm 3G announced they agreed to buy Heinz. Heinz's stock rose nearly 20 percent after the announcement.
The SEC is alleging that the traders must have known in advance about the pending transaction based on inside information. The traders bought call options to make a huge profit of roughly 1,700 percent after the acquisition was announced.
Call options let investors place a bet on a stock without committing to buy the shares. Investors instead have the option to buy the shares later for a set price.
The Swiss account hadn't traded securities related to Heinz for nearly six months before purchasing the options, the SEC said in a complaint filed in federal court in New York.
"Irregular and highly suspicious options trading immediately in front of a merger or acquisition announcement is a serious red flag that traders may be improperly acting on confidential nonpublic information," Daniel Hawke, an SEC official, said in a statement.
Representatives for Berkshire Hathaway and the public relations agency representing 3G and Berkshire in the deal did not immediately return messages for comment. A spokesman for Heinz said the company hadn't been contacted by the SEC and therefore did not have any comment.
The SEC's complaint does not allege any wrongdoing by Heinz or the company's new owners.
The account was held at a subsidiary of Goldman Sachs in Zurich. Tiffany Galvin, a spokeswoman at Goldman, said the company is "cooperating with the SEC's investigation."
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Because why wear thongs when you can wear comfier, more stylish footwear?
What You'll Want to Wear Now
You might think the latest denim trends are hard to wear. Not anymore! We've found the perfect picks, no matter your shape
The secret to great straight-leg jeans is in the length, so find ones that end just below your ankle -- a hem right above the ankle will make legs look stumpy.
Straight-leg jeans, Red Engine, $164; redenginejeans.com. Top, Alice Temperley for Target, $30; select Target stores, target.com. "Priceless" boots, Antonio Melani, $99; antoniomelani.com. Silver earrings, Gorjana, $70; 949-715-0723, gorjana.com.
Shoe Fetish


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I'm trying to commit to an SVN repository (using Windows TortoiseSVN) and the response is:
Commit failed (details follow):
File already exists: filesystem 'F:\svn_repository\db', transaction '5150-43c',
path '/PROJECT43/src/android.app/branch'
I've tried doing an Update of the whole project. I've also tried a Clean. Neither helped.
As far as I can tell no changes were made to, or in, the repository folder that is mentioned (branch).
The error message means nothing to me. Does it to you, and what is the solution?