text:
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
New NHTSA CAFE Standards (released in AEO2009)
Reports and Publications (EIA)
EISA2007 requires the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to raise the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards for passenger cars and light trucks to ensure that the average tested fuel economy of the combined fleet of all new passenger cars and light trucks sold in the United States in model year (MY) 2020 equals or exceeds 35 mpg, 34% above the current fleet average of 26.4 mpg. Pursuant to this legislation, NHTSA recently proposed revised CAFE standards that substantially increase the minimum fuel economy requirements for passenger cars and light trucks for MY 2011 through MY 2015.
CAFE Standards (released in AEO2010)
Pursuant to the Presidents announcement of a National Fuel Efficiency Policy, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the EPA have promulgated nationally coordinated standards for tailpipe Carbon Dioxide (CO2)-equivalent emissions and fuel economy for light-duty vehicles (LDVs), which includes both passenger cars and light-duty trucks. In the joint rulemaking, the Environmental Protection Agency is enacting CO2-equivalent emissions standards under the Clean Air Act (CAA), and NHTSA is enacting companion Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards under the Energy Policy and Conservation Act, as amended by the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007.
Achieving Vehicle Fuel Efficiency: The CAFE Standards and Abstract: As a series of political objectives converge and call for enhanced domestic automobile
E-Print Network [OSTI]
recommendations for the United States and China: rework minimum fuel efficiency standards, raise the gasoline tax situation in the United States is largely defined by the Energy Policy and Conservation Act, whichAchieving Vehicle Fuel Efficiency: The CAFE Standards and Beyond Abstract: As a series of political
Mauzerall, Denise
Minimum Gas Service Standards (Ohio)
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
Natural gas companies in Ohio are required to follow the Minimum Gas Service Standards, which are set and enforced by the Public Utilities Commission of Ohio. These rules are found in chapter 4901...
Minimum Stream Flow Standards (Connecticut)
These regulations apply to all dams and structures which impound or divert waters on rivers or their tributaries, with some exceptions. The regulations set standards for minimum flow (listed in the...
Since 1975, the fuel economy of passenger cars and light trucks has been regulated by the corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards,
Since 1975, the fuel economy of passenger cars and light trucks has been regulated by the corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards, established during the energy crises of the 1970s. Calls to increase fuel economy are usually met by a fierce debate on the effectiveness of the CAFE standards
HEAT Loan Minimum Standards and Requirements
Presents additional resources on loan standards and requirements from Elise Avers' presentation on HEAT Loan Minimum Standards and Requirements.
Cafe Scientifique
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth7-1D: Vegetation Proposed New Substation Sites Proposed Route BTRICGEGR-N GoodsMexico's Energy Reform JoséCafe
Why Cafe Worked
SciTech Connect (OSTI)
The frequently controversial Federal Automotive Fuel Economy Standards (a.k.a. Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards) have in fact been a notable success. This paper attempts to explain why the CAFE standards have been such a successful energy policy. It begins by demonstrating that economic theory does not relegate technology standards to permanent second best status. As a public policy aimed at correcting an externality, regulations can be the key part of a first best public policy response. To be sure, practical problems will arise in implementing either an effluent tax or a regulatory standard. Next, it is argued that in the oligopotistic automotive market a combination of satisfying behavior on the part of consumers and risk aversion on the part of producers makes it very likely that fuel economy standards will be more effective than even a motor fuel tax. This does not mean that gasoline or vehicle use taxes are not important or useful policy tools. Indeed, they are essential if policies are to be economically efficient. It means that taxes will be most effective and efficient if used in conjunction with fuel economy standards.
Greene, D.L.
Campus Outdoor Lighting Standards The following standards provide for minimum safe lighting standards for outdoor area of
Campus Outdoor Lighting Standards The following standards provide for minimum safe lighting with a minimum of 3 foot candles. This lighting level is for daytime and at night. Public Streets Streets must have a minimum of one foot candles average with a minimum of .6 foot candles. Augmented lighting should
de Lijser, Peter
Great Clips Green Spoon Cafe
Great Clips Green Spoon Cafe The Hole Sports Lounge Hong Kong Noodle Jamba Juice Jasmine Orchid's Hair Salon Smokedale Tobacco Sport Clips Starbucks Stub and Herb's TCF Bank The Tea Garden Tea House
Dahlberg, E. Dan
Fuel Economy Standards for New Light Trucks (released in AEO2007)
In March 2006, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) finalized Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards requiring higher fuel economy performance for light-duty trucks in model year (MY) 2008 through 2011. Unlike the proposed CAFE standards discussed in Annual Energy Outlook 2006, which would have established minimum fuel economy requirements by six footprint size classes, the final reformed CAFE standards specify a continuous mathematical function that determines minimum fuel economy requirements by vehicle footprint, defined as the wheelbase (the distance from the front axle to the center of the rear axle) times the average track width (the distance between the center lines of the tires) of the vehicle in square feet.
Proposed Revisions to Light Truck Fuel Economy Standard (released in AEO2006)
In August 2005, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) published proposed reforms to the structure of CAFE standards for light trucks and increases in light truck Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards for model years 2008 through 201. Under the proposed new structure, NHTSA would establish minimum fuel economy levels for six size categories defined by the vehicle footprint (wheelbase multiplied by track width), as summarized in Table 3. For model years 2008 through 2010, the new CAFE standards would provide manufacturers the option of complying with either the standards defined for each individual footprint category or a proposed average light truck fleet standard of 22.5 miles per gallon in 2008, 23.1 miles per gallon in 2009, and 23.5 miles per gallon in 2010. All light truck manufacturers would be required to meet an overall standard based on sales within each individual footprint category after model year 2010.
IDAPA 37.03.03 - Rules and Minimum Standards for the Construction...
Open Energy Info (EERE)
3.03 - Rules and Minimum Standards for the Construction and Use of Injection Wells Jump to: navigation, search OpenEI Reference LibraryAdd to library Legal Document-...
Rules Establishing Minimum Standards Relating to Location, Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems (Rhode Island)
The purpose of these rules is to protect public health and the environment by establishing minimum standards for the proper location, design, construction and maintenance of onsite wastewater...
Analysis of Minimum Efficiency Standards and Rebate Incentive Programs for Domestic Refrigerators in the Pacific Northwest.
Refrigerator-freezers (R/Fs) and freezers (FRs) account for 16% of the electricity consumed in the residential sector of the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) forecast region (Oregon, Washington, Idaho and Western Montana). After space and water heating, R/Fs are the largest residential electrical end-use. There is great potential for reducing electricity consumption in a cost-effective manner through the purchase and use of more energy-efficient R/Fs and FRs. For example, if every household in the BPA region had the best R/F model now mass-produced, the electricity savings would be about 5 billion kWh/yr, approximately the power supplied annually by 1000 MW of nuclear or coal-fired generating capacity. The Northwest Power Planning Council (NPPC) and BPA recognize the savings potential from efficient R/Fs and FRs as well as the barriers to their use. In the 1983 regional power plan, the Council directed BPA to develop and implement incentive and promotion programs for efficient appliances. The NPPC also called for the evaluation of minimum efficiency standards for appliances sold in the region. In response to this directive, the Office of Conservation in BPA funded an evaluation of both rebate incentive programs and minimum efficiency standards for R/Fs and FRs. The results are presented in this report.
Geller, Howard S.
Analysis of Minimum Efficiency Performance Standards for Residential General Service Lighting in Chile
Minimum Efficiency Performance Standards (MEPS) have been chosen as part of Chile's national energy efficiency action plan. As a first MEPS, the Ministry of Energy has decided to focus on a regulation for lighting that would ban the sale of inefficient bulbs, effectively phasing out the use of incandescent lamps. Following major economies such as the US (EISA, 2007) , the EU (Ecodesign, 2009) and Australia (AS/NZS, 2008) who planned a phase out based on minimum efficacy requirements, the Ministry of Energy has undertaken the impact analysis of a MEPS on the residential lighting sector. Fundacion Chile (FC) and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) collaborated with the Ministry of Energy and the National Energy Efficiency Program (Programa Pais de Eficiencia Energetica, or PPEE) in order to produce a techno-economic analysis of this future policy measure. LBNL has developed for CLASP (CLASP, 2007) a spreadsheet tool called the Policy Analysis Modeling System (PAMS) that allows for evaluation of costs and benefits at the consumer level but also a wide range of impacts at the national level, such as energy savings, net present value of savings, greenhouse gas (CO2) emission reductions and avoided capacity generation due to a specific policy. Because historically Chile has followed European schemes in energy efficiency programs (test procedures, labelling program definitions), we take the Ecodesign commission regulation No 244/2009 as a starting point when defining our phase out program, which means a tiered phase out based on minimum efficacy per lumen category. The following data were collected in order to perform the techno-economic analysis: (1) Retail prices, efficiency and wattage category in the current market, (2) Usage data (hours of lamp use per day), and (3) Stock data, penetration of efficient lamps in the market. Using these data, PAMS calculates the costs and benefits of efficiency standards from two distinct but related perspectives: (1) The Life-Cycle Cost (LCC) calculation examines costs and benefits from the perspective of the individual household; and (2) The National Perspective projects the total national costs and benefits including both financial benefits, and energy savings and environmental benefits. The national perspective calculations are called the National Energy Savings (NES) and the Net Present Value (NPV) calculations. PAMS also calculate total emission mitigation and avoided generation capacity. This paper describes the data and methodology used in PAMS and presents the results of the proposed phase out of incandescent bulbs in Chile.
Letschert, Virginie E.; McNeil, Michael A.; Leiva Ibanez, Francisco Humberto; Ruiz, Ana Maria; Pavon, Mariana; Hall, Stephen
Regulation by Prices and by Command
Energy Policy and Conservation Act, which mandated minimum corporate average fuel economy(CAFE)standards
Glazer, Amihai; Lave, Charles
Standard for Residential Lighting in Chile, 2010 USResidential General Service Lighting in Chile Virginie E.focus on a regulation for lighting that would ban the sale
Letschert, Virginie E.
Analysis of Minimum Efficiency Standards and Rebate Incentive Programs for Domestic Refrigerators in the Pacific Northwest, Executive Summary.
Refrigerator-freezers (R/Fs) and freezers (FRs) account for 16% of the electricity consumed in the residential sector of the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) forecast region (Oregon, Washington, Idaho and Western Montana). After space and water heating, R/Fs are the largest residential electrical end-use. The Northwest Power Planning Council (NPPC) and BPA recognize the savings potential from efficient R/Fs and FRs as well as the barriers to their use. In the 1983 regional power plan, the Council directed BPA to develop and implement incentive and promotion programs for efficient appliances. The NPPC also called for the evaluation of minimum efficiency standards for appliances sold in the region. In response to this directive, the Office of Conservation in BPA funded an evaluation of both rebate incentive programs and minimum efficiency standards for R/Fs and FRs. The results are presented in this report. The energy savings potential and economic feasibility of rebate programs and efficiency standards are the primary issues considered.
Potential Impact of Adopting Maximum Technologies as Minimum Efficiency Performance Standards in the U.S. Residential Sector
The US Department of Energy (US DOE) has placed lighting and appliance standards at a very high priority of the U.S. energy policy. However, the maximum energy savings and CO2 emissions reduction achievable via minimum efficiency performance standards (MEPS) has not yet been fully characterized. The Bottom Up Energy Analysis System (BUENAS), first developed in 2007, is a global, generic, and modular tool designed to provide policy makers with estimates of potential impacts resulting from MEPS for a variety of products, at the international and/or regional level. Using the BUENAS framework, we estimated potential national energy savings and CO2 emissions mitigation in the US residential sector that would result from the most aggressive policy foreseeable: standards effective in 2014 set at the current maximum technology (Max Tech) available on the market. This represents the most likely characterization of what can be maximally achieved through MEPS in the US. The authors rely on the latest Technical Support Documents and Analytical Tools published by the U.S. Department of Energy as a source to determine appliance stock turnover and projected efficiency scenarios of what would occur in the absence of policy. In our analysis, national impacts are determined for the following end uses: lighting, television, refrigerator-freezers, central air conditioning, room air conditioning, residential furnaces, and water heating. The analyzed end uses cover approximately 65percent of site energy consumption in the residential sector (50percent of the electricity consumption and 80percent of the natural gas and LPG consumption). This paper uses this BUENAS methodology to calculate that energy savings from Max Tech for the U.S. residential sector products covered in this paper will reach an 18percent reduction in electricity demand compared to the base case and 11percent in Natural Gas and LPG consumption by 2030 The methodology results in reductions in CO2 emissions of a similar magnitude.
Letschert, Virginie; Desroches, Louis-Benoit; McNeil, Michael; Saheb, Yamina
An Association of Independent Blue Cross and Blue Shield Plans This health plan meets Minimum Creditable Coverage Standards for
An Association of Independent Blue Cross and Blue Shield Plans This health plan meets Minimum, as part of the Massachusetts Health Care Reform Law. HMO Blue New EnglandSM Summary of Benefits Williams College #12;Your Care Your Primary Care Provider. When you enroll in HMO Blue New England, you must choose
Aalberts, Daniel P.
Numerical prediction of heat-flux to massive calorimeters engulfed in regulatory fires with the cask analysis fire environment (CAFE) model
Recent observations show that the thermal boundary conditions within large-scale fires are significantly affected by the presence of thermally massive objects. These objects cool the soot and gas near their surfaces, and these effects reduce the incoming radiant heat-flux to values lower than the levels expected from simple {sigma}T{sub fire}{sup 4} models. They also affect the flow and temperature fields in the fire far from their surfaces. The Cask Analysis Fire Environment (CAFE) code has been developed at Sandia National Laboratories to provide an enhanced fire boundary condition for the design of radioactive material packages. CAFE is a set of computer subroutines that use computational fluid mechanics methods to predict convective heat transfer and mixing. It also includes models for fuel and oxygen transport, chemical reaction, and participating-media radiation heat transfer. This code uses two-dimensional computational models so that it has reasonably short turnaround times on standard workstations and is well suited for design and risk studies. In this paper, CAFE is coupled with a commercial finite-element program to model a large cylindrical calorimeter fully engulfed in a pool fire. The time-dependent heat-flux to the calorimeter and the calorimeter surface temperature are determined for several locations around the calorimeter circumference. The variation of heat-flux with location is determined for calorimeters with different diameters and wall thickness, and the observed effects discussed.
Users manual for CAFE-3D : a computational fluid dynamics fire code.
The Container Analysis Fire Environment (CAFE) computer code has been developed to model all relevant fire physics for predicting the thermal response of massive objects engulfed in large fires. It provides realistic fire thermal boundary conditions for use in design of radioactive material packages and in risk-based transportation studies. The CAFE code can be coupled to commercial finite-element codes such as MSC PATRAN/THERMAL and ANSYS. This coupled system of codes can be used to determine the internal thermal response of finite element models of packages to a range of fire environments. This document is a user manual describing how to use the three-dimensional version of CAFE, as well as a description of CAFE input and output parameters. Since this is a user manual, only a brief theoretical description of the equations and physical models is included.
Khalil, Imane; Lopez, Carlos; Suo-Anttila, Ahti Jorma (Alion Science and Technology, Albuquerque, NM)
Single crystal growth and superconductivity of Ca(Fe1-xCox)2As2
We report the single crystal growth of Ca(Fe1-xCox)2As2 (0 <= x <= 0.082) from Sn flux. The temperature-composition phase diagram is mapped out based on the magnetic susceptibility and electrical transport measurements. Phase diagram of Ca(Fe1-xCox)2As2 is qualitatively different from those of Sr and Ba, it could be due to both the charge doping and structural tuning effects associated with Co substitution.
Hu, Rongwei; Ran, Sheng; Budko, Serguei; Straszheim, Warren E.; Canfield, Paul C.
Development of minimum efficiency standards for large capacity air conditioners, and commercial water heaters, refrigerators, and freezers. Final report
The California Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission has promulgated appliance energy efficiency standards and energy conservation standards for new construction with the objective of reducing energy consumption in the State of California. The following appliance categories are specifically addressed: large capacity air conditioners; commercial water heaters; and commercial refrigerators and freezers. The tasks that have been performed include: an energy use pattern study for the subject equipment; an examination of the size distribution of commercial air conditioning equipment; an examination of the different types of commercial air conditioning systems; an evaluation of the effectiveness of economizers in reducing commercial air conditioning system energy consumption in California; an examination of the effects of oversizing commercial air conditioners; a detailed study of supermarket refrigeration and air conditioning equipment; an evaluation of the economic feasibility of utilizing air conditioner waste heat to heat water; an assessment of the applicability of existing test procedures for small water heaters to large water heaters; and a brief investigation of the marketing and distribution systems for air conditioning and refrigeration equipment. Results of the efforts are described.
Merrill, P.S.; Rettberg, R.J.; Erickson, R.C.; Toor, J.S.
The Economic, Energy, and GHG Emissions Impacts of Proposed 2017�2025 Vehicle Fuel Economy Standards in the United States
Increases in the U.S. Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards for 2017 to 2025 model year light-duty vehicles are currently under consideration. This analysis uses an economy-wide model with detail in the passenger ...
Karplus, Valerie
Vehicle Standards in a Climate Policy Framework WORKING PAPER
action to raise Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards and issue vehicle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions standards both in California and federally. At the same time, U.S. policy makers are moving toward a national program to limit GHG emissions economy wide. The most robust strategy entails capping emissions
Edwards, Paul N.
Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Cafe (Cenicafe), Chinchina, Colombia
Africa; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Cafe´ (Cenicafe´), Chinchina´, Colombia Relationships Cafe´ (CENICAFE), Chinchina´ , Colombia, A.A. 2427 (correspondence to M. Marin. E-mail: Mauricio fimbriata, Coffea arabica, RAPD, RFLP, ITS, phylogeny, Colombia Abstract One of the most important diseases
Fact #571: May 18, 2009 Light Truck CAFE Standards - 2006 Reformation |
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
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Fact #572: May 25, 2009 CAFE Standards for Model Year 2011 | Department of
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Fact #623: May 17, 2010 Classification Changes in the CAFE Standards |
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Science Cafe
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary)morphinanInformation Desert Southwest RegionatSearchScheduled System Outages NERSCScience BriefsScience
Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards and CO2 emissions standards for 2012 to 2016 have significantly increased the stringency of requirements for new light-duty vehicle fuel efficiency. This study investigates the role of technology adoption and pricing strategies in meeting new standards, as well as the impact of feebate policies. The analysis is carried out by means of a dynamic optimization model that simulates manufacturer decisions with the objective of maximizing social surplus while simultaneously considering consumer response and meeting CAFE and emissions standards. The results indicate that technology adoption plays the major role and that the provision of compliance flexibility and the availability of cost-effective advanced technologies help manufacturers reduce the need for pricing to induce changes in the mix of vehicles sold. Feebates, when implemented along with fuel economy and emissions standards, can bring additional fuel economy improvement and emissions reduction, but the benefit diminishes with the increasing stringency of the standards.
Liu, Changzheng [ORNL] [ORNL; Greene, David L [ORNL] [ORNL; Bunch, Dr David S. [University of California, Davis] [University of California, Davis
Paramagnetic Spin Correlations in CaFe2As2 Single Crystals
Magnetic correlations in the paramagnetic phase of CaFe2As2(TN=172 K) have been examined by means of inelastic neutron scattering from 180 K ( 1.05TN) up to 300 K (1.8TN). Despite the first-order nature of the magnetic ordering, strong but short-ranged antiferromagnetic (AFM) correlations are clearly observed. These correlations, which consist of quasielastic scattering centered at the wave vector QAFM of the low-temperature AFM structure, are observed up to the highest measured temperature of 300 K and at high energy transfer ( >60 meV). The L dependence of the scattering implies rather weak interlayer coupling in the tetragonal c direction corresponding to nearly two-dimensional fluctuations in the (ab) plane. The spin correlation lengths within the Fe layer are found to be anisotropic, consistent with underlying fluctuations of the AFM stripe structure. Similar to the cobalt-doped superconducting BaFe2As2 compounds, these experimental features can be adequately reproduced by a scattering model that describes short-ranged and anisotropic spin correlations with overdamped dynamics.
Omar Diallo, Souleymane [ORNL; Pratt, Daniel [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University; Fernandes, Rafael [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University; Tian, Wei [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University; Zarestky, J. L. [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University; Lumsden, Mark D [ORNL; Perring, T. G. [ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory; Broholm, C. [Johns Hopkins University; Ni, Ni [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University; Budko, S L [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University; Canfield, Paul [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University; Li, Haifeng [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University; Vaknin, D [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University; Kreyssig, A. [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University; Goldman, A. I. [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University; Mcqueeney, R J [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University
Appliance Standards Resources
The federal government, and some states, have established minimum efficiency standards for certain appliances and equipment, such as refrigerators and clothes washers.
Haemers' Minimum Rank.
??Haemers' minimum rank was first defined by Willem Haemers in 1979. He created this graph parameter as an upper bound for the Shannon capacity of� (more)
Tims, Geoff
Control of magnetic, nonmagnetic, and superconducting states in annealed Ca(Fe1?xCox)2As2
We have grown single-crystal samples of Co substituted CaFe2As2 using an FeAs flux and systematically studied the effects of annealing/quenching temperature on the physical properties of these samples. Whereas the as-grown samples (quenched from 960 ?C) all enter the collapsed tetragonal phase upon cooling, annealing/quenching temperatures between 350 and 800 ?C can be used to tune the system to low-temperature antiferromagnetic/orthorhomic or superconducting states as well. The progression of the transition temperature versus annealing/quenching temperature (T-Tanneal) phase diagrams with increasing Co concentration shows that, by substituting Co, the antiferromagnetic/orthorhombic and the collapsed tetragonal phase lines are separated and bulk superconductivity is revealed. We established a 3D phase diagram with Co concentration and annealing/quenching temperature as two independent control parameters. At ambient pressure, for modest x and Tanneal values, the Ca(Fe1?xCox)2As2 system offers ready access to the salient low-temperature states associated with Fe-based superconductors: antiferromagnetic/orthorhombic, superconducting, and nonmagnetic/collapsed tetragonal.
Ran, Sheng; Budko, Serguei L.; Straszheim, Warren E.; Soh, Jing-Han; Kim, Min Gyu; Kreyssig, Andreas; Goldman, Alan I.; Canfield, Paul C.
The Minimum Price Contract
A minimum price contract is one of many tools a marketer may use to better manage price and production risk while trying to achieve financial goals and objectives. This publication discusses the advantages and disadvantages involved...
Waller, Mark L.; Amosson, Stephen H.; Welch, Mark; Dhuyvetter, Kevin C.
Appliance Standards and Rulemaking Federal Advisory Committee...
Energy Savers [EERE]
Committee provides advice and recommendations related to the following: * Development of minimum efficiency standards for residential appliances and commercial equipment, *...
Dramatic changes in the electronic structure upon transition to the collapsed tetragonal phase in CaFe2As2
We use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations to study the electronic structure of CaFe2As2 in the collapsed tetragonal (CT) phase. This unusual phase of iron arsenic high-temperature superconductors was hard to measure as it exists only under pressure. By inducing internal strain, via the postgrowth thermal treatment of single crystals, we were able to stabilize the CT phase at ambient pressure. We find significant differences in the Fermi surface topology and band dispersion data from the more common orthorhombic-antiferromagnetic or tetragonal-paramagnetic phases, consistent with electronic structure calculations. The top of the hole bands sinks below the Fermi level, which destroys the nesting present in parent phases. The absence of nesting in this phase, along with an apparent loss of Fe magnetic moment, are now clearly experimentally correlated with the lack of superconductivity in this phase.
Dhaka, R. S. [Ames Laboratory; Jiang, Rui [Ames Laboratory; Budko, Sergey L. [Ames Laboratory; Canfield, Paul C. [Ames Laboratory; Harmon, Bruce N. [Ames Laboratory; Kaminski, Adam [Ames Laboratory; Tomic, Milan [Goethe-Universitat; Valenti, Roser [Goethe-Universitat; Lee, Yongbin [Ames Laboratory
Work Plan Guidelines and Standards Requirement | Department of...
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
expectations of work scope and quality. These field standards must meet or exceed the minimum standards outlined in the SWS where applicable The field guides and standards may...
Suppression of electron correlations in the collapsed tetragonal phase of CaFe2As2 under ambient pressure demonstrated by As75 NMR/NQR measurements
The static and the dynamic spin correlations in the low-temperature collapsed tetragonal and the high-temperature tetragonal phase in CaFe2As2 have been investigated by As75 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements. Through the temperature (T) dependence of the nuclear spin lattice relaxation rates (1/T1) and the Knight shifts, although stripe-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) spin correlations are realized in the high-temperature tetragonal phase, no trace of the AFM spin correlations can be found in the nonsuperconducting, low-temperature, collapsed tetragonal (cT) phase. Given that there is no magnetic broadening in As75 NMR spectra, together with the T-independent behavior of magnetic susceptibility ? and the T dependence of 1/T1T?, we conclude that Fe spin correlations are completely quenched statically and dynamically in the nonsuperconducting cT phase in CaFe2As2.
Furukawa, Yuji [Ames Laboratory; Roy, Beas [Ames Laboratory; Ran, Sheng [Ames Laboratory; Budko, Sergey L. [Ames Laboratory; Canfield, Paul C. [Ames Laboratory
Scholastic Standards Scholastic Standards
Scholastic Standards _______________ 1.8 Page 1 Scholastic Standards Center for Advising-7095 Gaye DiGregorio, Executive Director Scholastic standards are mandated by the faculty through the Faculty Council Committee on Scholastic Standards. Procedures relative to scholastic standards
A light diet for a giant appetite: An assessment of China's proposed fluorescent lamp standard
standard for linear fluorescent lamps Length (mm) Minimum efficacy (lm/W) Efficacy for energy conservation
Lin, Jiang
Impacts of China's Current Appliance Standards and Labeling Program to 2020
standard for televisions is called �The minimum allowable values of energy efficiency and energy conservation
Fridley, David; Aden, Nathaniel; Zhou, Nan; Lin, Jiang
Biotech, Natural Resource Conservation and Management, Equine Science and Management and Sustainable, freshman retention and six-year graduation rates are not up to the standards of Top 20 benchmarks the Intellectual, Social and Economic Capital of Kentucky and the World Beyond its Borders Most notable
Hayes, Jane E.
The"minimum information about an environmental sequence" (MIENS) specification
We present the Genomic Standards Consortium's (GSC) 'Minimum Information about an ENvironmental Sequence' (MIENS) standard for describing marker genes. Adoption of MIENS will enhance our ability to analyze natural genetic diversity across the Tree of Life as it is currently being documented by massive DNA sequencing efforts from myriad ecosystems in our ever-changing biosphere.
Yilmaz, P.; Kottmann, R.; Field, D.; Knight, R.; Cole, J.R.; Amaral-Zettler, L.; Gilbert, J.A.; Karsch-Mizrachi, I.; Johnston, A.; Cochrane, G.; Vaughan, R.; Hunter, C.; Park, J.; Morrison, N.; Rocca-Serra, P.; Sterk, P.; Arumugam, M.; Baumgartner, L.; Birren, B.W.; Blaser, M.J.; Bonazzi, V.; Bork, P.; Buttigieg, P. L.; Chain, P.; Costello, E.K.; Huot-Creasy, H.; Dawyndt, P.; DeSantis, T.; Fierer, N.; Fuhrman, J.; Gallery, R.E.; Gibbs, R.A.; Giglio, M.G.; Gil, I. San; Gonzalez, A.; Gordon, J.I.; Guralnick, R.; Hankeln, W.; Highlander, S.; Hugenholtz, P.; Jansson, J.; Kennedy, J.; Knights, D.; Koren, O.; Kuczynski, J.; Kyrpides, N.; Larsen, R.; Lauber, C.L.; Legg, T.; Ley, R.E.; Lozupone, C.A.; Ludwig, W.; Lyons, D.; Maguire, E.; Methe, B.A.; Meyer, F.; Nakieny, S.; Nelson, K.E.; Nemergut, D.; Neufeld, J.D.; Pace, N.R.; Palanisamy, G.; Peplies, J.; Peterson, J.; Petrosino, J.; Proctor, L.; Raes, J.; Ratnasingham, S.; Ravel, J.; Relman, D.A.; Assunta-Sansone, S.; Schriml, L.; Sodergren, E.; Spor, A.; Stombaugh, J.; Tiedje, J.M.; Ward, D.V.; Weinstock, G.M.; Wendel, D.; White, O.; Wikle, A.; Wortman, J.R.; Glockner, F.O.; Bushman, F.D.; Charlson, E.; Gevers, D.; Kelley, S.T.; Neubold, L.K.; Oliver, A.E.; Pruesse, E.; Quast, C.; Schloss, P.D.; Sinha, R.; Whitely, A.
Data:Fe52bfa0-ff17-45c6-b1a0-e9cafe7cef10 | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 No revision has been approved forcd976b98236Fde98e23-bdac-47c4-abd8-69745cda08c9d99d3a03c2db1bf26b9 Noa0-e9cafe7cef10
Appliance Efficiency Standards and Price Discrimination
2: Definition of Energy Efficiency-Based Market Segments/Minimum & ENERGY STAR Standards Market Segment Descriptiondrops. The markets for large energy consuming appliances are
Spurlock, Cecily Anna
Examining new fuel economy standards for the United States.
After decades of futile attempts to increase U.S. fuel economy standards for passenger cars, which have remained unchanged since enactment of the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards in Title V of the 1975 Energy Policy Conservation Act, it seems increasingly likely that new and tougher standards will be enacted in the near future - especially after the Senate's 21 June passage of energy efficiency bill H.R. 6. As this magazine went to press, the bill, which calls for a 40 percent increase in vehicle fuel economy by 2020 among other efficiency and alternative energy goals, was headed to the House of Representatives for more debate. Congress has seen proposals like this since the 1980s, but this is the first time that one of them has passed in the Senate. The Bush administration has also weighed in with a proposal to increase new vehicle fuel economy by 4 percent per year from 2011 to 2017, and the administrator of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has asked Congress to grant the Secretary of Transportation the authority to restructure and increase CAFE standards for cars, a power denied by the original CAFE legislation. A confluence of events has led to this change of political climate, including: the failure of world oil production and refining capacity to keep pace with rapidly growing demand, especially from China and other emerging economies, which has led to the highest oil prices since the 1980s and growing fears that world production of conventional oil may be close to its peak and rapid decline; the escalating influence of oil resources on geopolitics as China seeks to guarantee its future access to supplies, enhanced revenues from the higher prices, which prop up authoritarian regimes in Iran, Venezuela, Russia, and elsewhere and allow them increasing freedom of action; the enhancement of the role of climate change in political decision making by new reports from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), with much strengthened language about the probability and severity of climate change and man's influence on it, and a recent Supreme Court decision rejecting the Environmental Protection Agency's assertion that it has no authority to regulate greenhouse gas emissions. New fuel economy standards will represent an ambitious and expensive undertaking on the part of the automobile industry and the nation, and proposals for new standards deserve careful congressional and public scrutiny.
Plotkin, S. E.; Energy Systems
Energy Codes and Standards: Facilities
Energy codes and standards play a vital role in the marketplace by setting minimum requirements for energy-efficient design and construction. They outline uniform requirements for new buildings as well as additions and renovations. This article covers basic knowledge of codes and standards; development processes of each; adoption, implementation, and enforcement of energy codes and standards; and voluntary energy efficiency programs.
Bartlett, Rosemarie; Halverson, Mark A.; Shankle, Diana L.
Got Standards? "Got Standards?"
9000 standards were developed by the International Organization for Standardization, which was founded in 1946. The purpose of the organization was to promote the development of international standards in order to bring harmony to global standards for international trade. Enter ISO 9000. The Basics In order
Vardeman, Stephen B.
ansi standard minimum: Topics by E-print Network
is modified to increase the productivity. The new fixture design is carried out by using CATIA V5 modeling software and it is critically evaluated for the failure of piston rod...
A minimum entropy principle of high order schemes for gas ...
The entropy solutions of the compressible Euler equations satisfy a minimum principle for the specific ... where ? is the density, u is the velocity, m is the momentum, E is the total energy and p is the pressure. ... can enforce this condition without destroying conservation. .... achieved under a standard CFL condition ? (|u| + c)�...
Surface Water Quality Standards
recreational uses. ?The Commission will seek substantial additional public comment on any proposed changes to the standards before adopting them into the state admin- istrative code,? Davenport said. ?Because of the com- plexity and regulatory importance... Conservation Board?s state watershed coordinator, said the standards for contact recreation, with only a few exceptions, are uniformly applied regardless of water body type or the actual level of recreation use. ?Because a minimum of 10 water samples over a...
Wythe, Kathy
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research
and Conservation Act of 1975 (PL94-163) specify minimum fleet average standards for fuel efficiency that US light Keywords: GHG Credits Costbenefit Socioeconomic Energy conservation a b s t r a c t Corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) regulations specify minimum standards for fuel efficiency that vehicle manufacturers must
Global residential appliance standards
In most countries, residential electricity consumption typically ranges from 20% to 40% of total electricity consumption. This energy is used for heating, cooling, refrigeration and other end-uses. Significant energy savings are possible if new appliance purchases are for models with higher efficiency than that of existing models. There are several ways to ensure or encourage such an outcome, for example, appliance rebates, innovative procurement, and minimum efficiency standards. This paper focuses on the latter approach. At the present time, the US is the only country with comprehensive appliance energy efficiency standards. However, many other countries, such as Australia, Canada, the European Community (EC), Japan and Korea, are considering enacting standards. The greatest potential impact of minimum efficiency standards for appliances is in the developing countries (e.g., China and India), where saturations of household appliances are relatively low but growing rapidly. This paper discusses the potential savings that could be achieved from global appliance efficiency standards for refrigerators and freezers. It also could be achieved from global appliance efficiency standards for refrigerators and freezers. It also discusses the impediments to establishing common standards for certain appliance types, such as differing test procedures, characteristics, and fuel prices. A methodology for establishing global efficiency standards for refrigerators and freezers is described.
Turiel, I.; McMahon, J.E. (Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States)); Lebot, B. (Agence Francaise pour la Maitrise de l'Energie, Valbonne (France))
GMTI radar minimum detectable velocity.
Minimum detectable velocity (MDV) is a fundamental consideration for the design, implementation, and exploitation of ground moving-target indication (GMTI) radar imaging modes. All single-phase-center air-to-ground radars are characterized by an MDV, or a minimum radial velocity below which motion of a discrete nonstationary target is indistinguishable from the relative motion between the platform and the ground. Targets with radial velocities less than MDV are typically overwhelmed by endoclutter ground returns, and are thus not generally detectable. Targets with radial velocities greater than MDV typically produce distinct returns falling outside of the endoclutter ground returns, and are thus generally discernible using straightforward detection algorithms. This document provides a straightforward derivation of MDV for an air-to-ground single-phase-center GMTI radar operating in an arbitrary geometry.
Richards, John Alfred
Feasible CAFE Standard Increases Using Emerging Diesel and Hybrid-Electric Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles in the United States
USING EMERGING DIESEL AND HYBRID-ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGIES FORusing Emerging Diesel and Hybrid- Electric Technologies forusing Emerging Diesel and Hybrid- Electric Technologies for
Burke, Andy; Abeles, Ethan C.
R&D Co. at the SAE Hybrid Vehicle Symposium in San Diego,already being utilized in hybrid vehicles being marketed byfirst marketed their hybrid vehicles in Japan before doing
Inelastic Neutron Scattering Study of a Nonmagnetic Collapsed Tetragonal Phase in Nonsuperconducting CaFe2As2: Evidence of the Impact of Spin Fluctuations on Superconductivity in the Iron-Arsenide Compounds
The relationship between antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations and superconductivity has become a central topic of research in studies of superconductivity in the iron pnictides. We present unambiguous evidence of the absence of magnetic fluctuations in the nonsuperconducting collapsed tetragonal phase of CaFe2As2 via inelastic neutron scattering time-of-flight data, which is consistent with the view that spin fluctuations are a necessary ingredient for unconventional superconductivity in the iron pnictides. We demonstrate that the collapsed tetragonal phase of CaFe2As2 is nonmagnetic, and discuss this result in light of recent reports of high-temperature superconductivity in the collapsed tetragonal phase of closely related compounds.
Soh, Jing-Han [Ames Laboratory; Tucker, Ggregory S. [Ames Laboratory; Pratt, Daniel K. [Ames Laboratory; Abernathy, D. L. [Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Stone, M. B. [Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Ran, Sheng [Ames Laboratory; Budko, Sergey L. [Ames Laboratory; Canfield, Paul C. [Ames Laboratory; Kreyssig, Andreas [Ames Laboratory; McQueeney, Robert J. [Ames Laboratory; Goldman, Alan I. [Ames Laboratory
Inelastic neutron scattering study of a nonmagnetic collapsed tetragonal phase of CaFe2As2: Evidence of the impact of spin fluctuations on superconductivity in the iron-arsenide compounds.
The relationship between antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations and superconductivity has become a central topic of research in studies of superconductivity in the iron pnictides. We present unambiguous evidence of the absence of magnetic fluctuations in the non-superconducting collapsed tetragonal phase of CaFe2As2 via inelas- tic neutron scattering time-of-flight data, which is consistent with the view that spin fluctuations are a necessary ingredient for unconventional superconductivity in the iron pnictides. We demonstrate that the collapsed tetrag- onal phase of CaFe2As2 is non-magnetic, and discuss this result in light of recent reports of high-temperature superconductivity in the collapsed tetragonal phase of closely related compounds.
Soh, Jing Han [ORNL] [ORNL; Tucker, G. S. [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University] [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University; Pratt, Daniel K [ORNL] [ORNL; Abernathy, Douglas L [ORNL] [ORNL; Stone, Matthew B [ORNL] [ORNL; Ran, S. [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University] [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University; Budko, S L [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University] [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University; Canfield, P. C. [Ames Laboratory] [Ames Laboratory; Kreyssig, A. [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University] [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University; McQueeney, R. J. [Ames Laboratory] [Ames Laboratory; Goldman, A. I. [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University] [Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University
On Cartesian trees and range minimum queries
We present new results on Cartesian trees with applications in range minimum queries and bottleneck edge queries. We introduce a cache-oblivious Cartesian tree for solving the range minimum query problem, a Cartesian tree ...
Demaine, Erik D.
Energy-Efficiency Labels and Standards: A Guidebook for Appliances, Equipment, and Lighting - 2nd Edition
minimum efficiency standards, initiated in 1989, was strengthened by the Energy Conservation Law in 1997, which put end- use energy efficiency and standards
Wiel, Stephen; McMahon, James E.
Energy Consumption of Minimum Energy Coding in
Energy Consumption of Minimum Energy Coding in CDMA Wireless Sensor Networks Benigno Zurita Ares://www.ee.kth.se/control Abstract. A theoretical framework is proposed for accurate perfor- mance analysis of minimum energy coding energy consumption is analyzed for two coding schemes proposed in the literature: Minimum Energy coding
Johansson, Karl Henrik
Multiple criteria minimum spanning trees Pedro Cardoso
Multiple criteria minimum spanning trees Pedro Cardoso M´ario Jesus ´Alberto M´arquez Abstract The NP multiple criteria minimum spanning tree as several applications into the network design problems criteria minimum spanning trees. There are several geometric network design and application problems
Coello, Carlos A. Coello
Standards for Barrier-Free Campus
Standards for Barrier-Free Campus Office for Students with Disabilities University Planning Office June 2004 F:\\PROJECTS\\Disabled\\ACCESS04.doc #12;INTRODUCTION The McGill standards for barrier-free and universal design (hereafter referred to as the McGill Standards) are the minimum requirements
Kambhampati, Patanjali
Maximum output at minimum cost
University) + FFA-W3 Material Preimpregnated epoxy glass fiber + carbon fiber Total blade weight 5,800 kg.0 MW wind turbine generator uses the "total lightning protection" system, in accordance with standard working life of the turbine. Gamesa WindNet� The new generation SCADA System (a wind farm control system
Firestone, Jeremy
Hazardous Waste Minimum Distance Requirements (Connecticut)
These regulations set minimum distance requirements between certain types of facilities that generate, process, store, and dispose of hazardous waste and other land uses. The regulations require an...
Brand Standards Brand StandardsBrand Standards
Brand Standards 6.6.11 #12;Brand StandardsBrand Standards VISUAL IDENTITY AND BRANDING INITIATIVE, the visual image presented to the public by the units of the University and UMMC often is confusing the organizations' public image under a cohesive, easily recognized visual identity that relies upon a common
Weber, David J.
Interconnection Standards
The Michigan Public Service Commission (PSC) first adopted interconnection standards for distributed generation (DG) in September 2003. The original standards provided for 5 levels of...
New York first adopted uniform interconnection standards in 1999 (see history below). The Standard Interconnection Requirements (SIR) have subsequently been amended several times since, most...
The Pennsylvania Public Utilities Commission was required to adopt interconnection standards and net-metering rules by the Alternative Energy Portfolio Standards Act of 2004.The PUC subsequently...
The North Carolina Utilities Commission (NCUC) adopted comprehensive interconnection standards for distributed generation in June 2008. The NCUC standards, which are similar to the Federal Energy...
Knots and Minimum Distance Energy Rosanna Speller
Knots and Minimum Distance Energy Rosanna Speller (Dated: May 11, 2008) Professor Elizabeth Denne have least Minimum Distance Energy. I previously showed that the energy is minimized for convex polygons. We hope relating the energy to chords of polygons will be a helpful step towards showing
Denne, Elizabeth
Minimum rank of graphs that allow loops.
??The traditional "minimum rank problem" for simple graphs associates a set of symmetric matrices, the zero-nonzero pattern of whose off-diagonal entries are described by the� (more)
Mikkelson, Rana C.
Credible Research Designs for Minimum Wage Studies
adjusted Current Employment Statistics data from BLS. TheBureau of Labor Statistics� Employment and Earnings Reports.and Statistics 92, 4: 945-64. [27] _________2013. �Minimum Wage Shocks, Employment
Allegretto, Sylvia; Dube, Arindrajit; Reich, Michael; Zipperer, Ben
ITP Steel: Theoretical Minimum Energies to Produce Steel for...
Theoretical Minimum Energies to Produce Steel for Selected Conditions, March 2000 ITP Steel: Theoretical Minimum Energies to Produce Steel for Selected Conditions, March 2000...
In February 2004, the Wisconsin Public Service Commission adopted interconnection standards for distributed generation (DG) systems up to 15 megawatts (MW) in capacity. All investor-owned...
Virginia has two interconnection standards: one for net-metered systems and one for systems that are not net-metered.
In September 2007, the Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission (UTC) adopted interconnection standards for distributed generation (DG) systems up to 20 megawatts (MW) in capacity. The...
In December 2005, the Colorado Public Utilities Commission (PUC) adopted standards for net metering and interconnection, as required by Amendment 37, a renewable-energy ballot initiative approved...
New Jersey's interconnection standards apply statewide to all electric distribution utilities, but not to the small number of municipal utilities and electric cooperatives in the state. The rules,...
Note: Legislation enacted in August 2012 required the Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities (DPU) to develop an enforceable, standard interconnection timeline for distributed generation...
E-Print Network 3.0 - analytical reference standards Sample Search...
SOP-15.06-R1 ICN1 Summary: represents the minimum standards for evaluating routine radionuclide analytical data, including: Gamma... , and Liquid Scintillation Analytical...
NOTICE OF RENEWABLE POWER STANDARDS (RPS) MEETING Renewable Portfolio Standard Plan Before Council
establishes minimum quantities of renewable energy resources that load serving entities must procure annually of renewables energy resources that load serving entities must procure annually through 2020. Each load servingNOTICE OF RENEWABLE POWER STANDARDS (RPS) MEETING Renewable Portfolio Standard Plan Before Council
Campus Contacts Titan Bookstore Cafe
will receive them in a timely fashion. Thanks! We thank the Irvine Valley Faculty for their presence for a relaxing and happy holiday vacation. After all your hard work this semester, you deserve it! We look
Building Information Modeling - A Minimum Mathematical Configuration
minimum information required to execute the construction of a project. A plain concrete beam element was used as the case study for this research. The results show that a minimal information schema can be developed for a simple building element. Further...
Bhandare, Ruchika
Learning Minimum Volume Sets Clayton Scott
Learning Minimum Volume Sets Clayton Scott Statistics Department Rice University Houston, TX 77005 herein are primarily of theoretical interest, although they may be implemented e#eciently for certain measure based on S: # P (G) = (1/n) # n i=1 I(X i # G). Here I(·) is the indicator function. Set µ
Scott, Clayton
Minimum Energy Diagrams for Multieffect Distillation Arrangements
and the energy use from this process accounts for an estimated 3% of the world energy consumption.1 With rising on the overall plant energy consumption. The use of heat integration combined with complex config- urations distillation ar- rangements. An easy form of comparison for energy consumption is the minimum vapor flow rate
Skogestad, Sigurd
Parametric and Kinetic Minimum Spanning Trees Pankaj K. Agarwal 1
Parametric and Kinetic Minimum Spanning Trees Pankaj K. Agarwal 1 David Eppstein 2 Leonidas J. Guibas 3 Monika R. Henzinger 4 Abstract We consider the parametric minimum spanning tree problem- pute the sequence of minimum spanning trees generated as varies. We also consider the kinetic minimum
Eppstein, David
Oregon has three separate interconnection standards: one for net-metered systems, one for small generator facilities (non-net metered systems) and one for large generator facilities (non-net...
South Dakota�s interconnection standards for distributed generation, adopted by the state Public Utilities Commission (PUC) in May 2009, apply to customers of investor-owned utilities.* The rules...
Vermont has adopted separate interconnection standards for net-metered energy systems that are 150 kW or less, and for all other distributed-generation (DG) systems.
In December 2003, the Nevada Public Utilities Commission (PUC) adopted interconnection standards for customers of NV Energy (formerly Nevada Power and Sierra Pacific Power) with on-site generation...
Polarimetric Standardization
The use of polarimetric techniques is nowadays widespread among solar and stellar astronomers. However, notwithstanding the recommandations that have often been made about the publication of polarimetric results in the astronomical literature, we are still far from having a standard protocol on which to conform. In this paper we review the basic definitions and the physical significance of the Stokes parameters, and we propose a standardization of the measurement of polarized radiation.
E. Landi Degl'Innocenti; S. Bagnulo; L. Fossati
State Appliance Standards (released in AEO2009)
State appliance standards have existed for decades, starting with Californias enforcement of minimum efficiency requirements for refrigerators and several other products in 1979. In 1987, recognizing that different efficiency standards for the same products in different states could create problems for manufacturers, Congress enacted the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act (NAECA), which initially covered 12 products. The Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT92), EPACT2005, and EISA2007 added additional residential and commercial products to the 12 products originally specified under NAECA.
Status of European appliance standards
The European Community (EC) recently commissioned a study of the impact of potential appliance standards on electricity consumption in the twelve EC nations. This study looks at refrigerators, freezers, dishwashers, clothes washers, and clothes dryers. The impact of minimum efficiency standards on electricity use over the time period from 1995--2010 is estimated. The results of this study were presented to the EC in September of 1991. Revisions were made to the draft report and final copies sent to all interested parties. The member nations of the EC will soon consider whether they wish to implement uniform energy efficiency standards that would take effect in 1995. The results of the study described above will be presented and the political considerations will be discussed. In addition, data describing the appliance market in Europe will be presented.
Turiel, I. (Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States)); Lebot, B. (Agence de L'Environnement et de la Maitrise de L'Energie, Valbonne (France))
China Cools with Tighter RAC Standards
After boiling summer brought brown-out to most part of the country in 2004, China announced a new set of minimum energy efficiency standards for room air conditioners in September 2004, with the first tier going into effect on March 1, 2005 and the reach standard taking effect on January 1, 2009. This represents a milestone in China's standard setting process since the reach standard levels are significantly more stringent than previous standards for other appliances. This paper first analyzes cost-effectiveness of China's new standards for room air conditioners, and then attempts to evaluate the impact of the new standards on energy savings, electric generation capacity, and CO2 emissions reductions.
Lin, Jiang; Rosenquist, Gregory
Approximating the Minimum Spanning Tree Weight in Sublinear Time
Approximating the Minimum Spanning Tree Weight in Sublinear Time Bernard Chazelle #3; Ronitt a parameter 0 minimum spanning tree- components algorithm picks O(1=#15; 2 ) vertices in the graph and then grows \\local spanning trees" whose
Trevisan, Luca
Minimum cost model energy code envelope requirements
This paper describes the analysis underlying development of the U.S. Department of Energy`s proposed revisions of the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) 1993 Model Energy Code (MEC) building thermal envelope requirements for single-family and low-rise multifamily residences. This analysis resulted in revised MEC envelope conservation levels based on an objective methodology that determined the minimum-cost combination of energy efficiency measures (EEMs) for residences in different locations around the United States. The proposed MEC revision resulted from a cost-benefit analysis from the consumer`s perspective. In this analysis, the costs of the EEMs were balanced against the benefit of energy savings. Detailed construction, financial, economic, and fuel cost data were compiled, described in a technical support document, and incorporated in the analysis. A cost minimization analysis was used to compare the present value of the total long-nm costs for several alternative EEMs and to select the EEMs that achieved the lowest cost for each location studied. This cost minimization was performed for 881 cities in the United States, and the results were put into the format used by the MEC. This paper describes the methodology for determining minimum-cost energy efficiency measures for ceilings, walls, windows, and floors and presents the results in the form of proposed revisions to the MEC. The proposed MEC revisions would, on average, increase the stringency of the MEC by about 10%.
Connor, C.C.; Lucas, R.G.; Turchen, S.J.
Minimum-Energy Multicast Tree in Cognitive Radio Networks
Minimum-Energy Multicast Tree in Cognitive Radio Networks Wei Ren, Xiangyang Xiao, Qing Zhao algorithm with bounded performance guarantee for constructing the minimum-energy multicast tree, which by studying the impact of the traffic load of the primary network on the minimum-energy multicast tree. I
Islam, M. Saif
Using Sparsification for Parametric Minimum Spanning Tree Problems
Using Sparsification for Parametric Minimum Spanning Tree Problems David Fern'andezBaca 1? , Giora with a parameter. The second is an asymptotically optimal algorithm for the minimum ratio spanning tree problem, as well as other search problems, on dense graphs. 1 Introduction In the parametric minimum spanning tree
Using Sparsification for Parametric Minimum Spanning Tree Problems David Fern´andez-Baca Giora algorithm for the minimum ratio spanning tree problem, as well as other search prob- lems, on dense graphs. 1 Introduction In the parametric minimum spanning tree problem, one is given an n-node, m
Stochastic Minimum Spanning Trees in Euclidean Spaces Pegah Kamousi #
Stochastic Minimum Spanning Trees in Euclidean Spaces Pegah Kamousi # Computer Science University1450306829/11/06 ...$10.00. Keywords Algorithms, Theory General Terms Stochastic Minimum Spanning Trees, Geometric Data and arbitrary but known probability p i . We want to compute the expected length of the minimum spanning tree
Chan, Timothy M.
On Two-Stage Stochastic Minimum Spanning Kedar Dhamdhere1
On Two-Stage Stochastic Minimum Spanning Trees Kedar Dhamdhere1 , R. Ravi2 , and Mohit Singh2 firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract. We consider the undirected minimum spanning tree problem in a stochastic optimization setting algorithm. We then consider the Stochastic minimum spanning tree problem in a more general black-box model
Ravi, R.
1michigan state university brand STandardS BRAND STANDARDS
1michigan state university brand STandardS BRAND STANDARDS VERSION 4, APRIL 30, 2012 #12;2michigan state university brand STandardS TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 brand baSicS 5 The Michigan STaTe UniverSiTy brandUrTher gUidance #12;3michigan state university brand STandardS 1. BrANd BASICS 1a whaT iS a brand? We build
Standards, Ethics
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsrucLas ConchasPassiveSubmittedStatus TomAbout » Staff Basic Energy Sciences (BES)Standards for
In 2006 International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP). SPARSE FORWARD-BACKWARD USING MINIMUM DIVERGENCE BEAMS FOR
FORWARD-BACKWARD USING MINIMUM DIVERGENCE BEAMS FOR FAST TRAINING OF CONDITIONAL RANDOM FIELDS Chris Pal, however, training can be expensive, because it often requires many iterations of forward-backward. Beam-backward, standard beam heuristics can be danger- ous, as they can make training unstable. We introduce sparse
Pal, Chris
Estimate of Technical Potential for Minimum Efficiency Performance Standards in 13 Major World Economies
achievable energy-efficient designs, based on emergingachievable energy- efficient designs, based on efficientdesign that achieves high energy efficiency by combining the most efficient
Letschert, Virginie
Study. IEA�s World Energy Outlook 2010. Comparison of �Energy Agency (IEA). 2010. World Energy Outlook 2010. Paris:would have. IEA�s World Energy Outlook 2010. Comparison of �
Heat Pump Reference U.S. DOE, 2011b EC, 2009b IndustrialHeat Pumps .. 18 Furnaces .. 19 Boilers 19 Fans . 20 Standby Power . 20 Clothes Dryers . 21 Industrial
for typical wattage of incandescent bulbs and hours of usagefor which we assume that incandescent bulbs gradually getsimilar to that of incandescent or fluorescent bulbs. These
phasing out the use of incandescent lamps. Following majorproposed phase out of incandescent bulbs in Chile. 2 Lifeless energy: here incandescent lights (IL) are evaluated
16 Table 6. Electric Storage Water Heater17 Table 7. Gas Storage Water Heater17 Table 8. Instantaneous Water Heater
16 Table 6. Electric Storage Water Heater17 Table 7. Gas Storage Water Heaterelectric resistance storage water heaters have an energy
IDAPA 37.03.03 - Rules and Minimum Standards for the Construction and Use
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia: Energy Resources Jump to: navigation,Ohio:GreerHiCalifornia: Energythe SecondInformation 3 -2ICECommission
on the market today are heat-pump water heaters for electricas electric CO 2 heat-pump water heaters (3.0 EF, using CO 2fired absorption heat pump water heaters (approximately 1.4
Flammability limits of dusts: Minimum inerting concentrations
A new flammability limit parameter has been defined as the Minimum Inerting Concentration (MIC). This is the concentration of inertant required to prevent a dust explosion regardless of fuel concentration. Previous experimental work at Fike in a 1-m{sup 3} spherical chamber has shown this flammability limit to exist for pulverized coal dust and cornstarch. In the current work, inerting experiments with aluminum, anthraquinone and polyethylene dusts as fuels were performed, using monoammonium phosphate and sodium bicarbonate as inertants. The results show that an MIC exists only for anthraquinone inerted with sodium bicarbonate. The other combustible dust and inertant mixtures did not show a definitive MIC, although they did show a strong dependence between inerting level and suspended fuel concentration. As the fuel concentration increased, the amount of inertant required to prevent an explosion decreased. Even though a definitive MIC was not found for most of the dusts an effective MIC can be estimated from the data. The use of MIC data can aid in the design of explosion suppression schemes.
Dastidar, A.G.; Amyotte, P.R. [Dalhousie Univ., Halifax, Nova Scotia (Canada). Dept. of Chemical Engineering] [Dalhousie Univ., Halifax, Nova Scotia (Canada). Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Going, J.; Chatrathi, K. [Fike Corp., Blue Springs, MO (United States)] [Fike Corp., Blue Springs, MO (United States)
I explore the effects of two simultaneous changes in minimum energy efficiency and ENERGY STAR standards for clothes washers. Adapting the Mussa and Rosen (1978) and Ronnen (1991) second-degree price discrimination model, I demonstrate that clothes washer prices and menus adjusted to the new standards in patterns consistent with a market in which firms had been price discriminating. In particular, I show evidence of discontinuous price drops at the time the standards were imposed, driven largely by mid-low efficiency segments of the market. The price discrimination model predicts this result. On the other hand, in a perfectly competition market, prices should increase for these market segments. Additionally, new models proliferated in the highest efficiency market segment following the standard changes. Finally, I show that firms appeared to use different adaptation strategies at the two instances of the standards changing.
Minimum concave cost flows in capacitated grid networks
We study the minimum concave cost flow problem over a two-dimensional .... as a building block for the theory of production planning and inventory control.
Tungsten Cluster Migration on Nanoparticles: Minimum Energy Pathway...
Pathway and Migration Mechanism. Tungsten Cluster Migration on Nanoparticles: Minimum Energy Pathway and Migration Mechanism. Abstract: Transition state searches have been...
Optimization Online - Guaranteed Minimum-Rank Solutions of ...
Jun 28, 2007 ... Guaranteed Minimum-Rank Solutions of Linear Matrix Equations via Nuclear Norm Minimization. Benjamin Recht(brecht ***at*** caltech.edu)
Benjamin Recht
Microbial metatranscriptomics in a permanent marine oxygen minimum zone
Simultaneous characterization of taxonomic composition, metabolic gene content and gene expression in marine oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) has potential to broaden perspectives on the microbial and biogeochemical dynamics ...
Stewart, Frank J.
DOE CYBER SECURITY EBK: MINIMUM CORE COMPETENCY TRAINING REQUIREMENTS DOE CYBER SECURITY EBK: CORE COMPETENCY TRAINING REQUIREMENTS: CA Cybersecurity Program Manager (CSPM...
September 2004 Standards Forum and Standards Actions
16 Cancellation in Progress - 3 Inside This Issue Visit the Technical Standards Program Web Site at http:tis.eh.doe.govtechstds September 2004 The Standards Forum and...
Algorithms to Compute Minimum Cycle Basis in Directed Graphs #
, . . . ,C d whose incidence vectors permit a unique linear combination of the incidence vector of any cycleAlgorithms to Compute Minimum Cycle Basis in Directed Graphs # Telikepalli Kavitha + Kurt Mehlhorn # Abstract We consider the problem of computing a minimum cycle basis in a di rected graph G with m arcs
Mehlhorn, Kurt
Approximate Minimum-Energy Multicasting in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
and a set of destination nodes, the problem is to build a minimum-energy multicast tree for the requestApproximate Minimum-Energy Multicasting in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks Weifa Liang, Senior Member, IEEE Abstract--A wireless ad hoc network consists of mobile nodes that are equipped with energy
Liang, Weifa
Asymptotically minimum BER linear block precoders for MMSE equalisation
) [3]. For a general block transmission scheme, optimal detection requires a joint decisionAsymptotically minimum BER linear block precoders for MMSE equalisation S.S. Chan, T.N. Davidson and K.M. Wong Abstract: An asymptotically minimum bit error rate (BER) linear block precoder
Davidson, Tim
Approximating the Minimum Spanning Tree Weight in Sublinear Time #3; Bernard Chazelle y Ronitt a parameter 0 minimum span- ning tree in the graph and then grows \\local spanning trees" whose sizes are speci#12;ed by a stochastic process. From
Goldwasser, Shafi
Polynomial Time Algorithms for Minimum Energy Scheduling Philippe Baptiste1
algorithm for computing the minimum energy schedule when all jobs have unit length. 1 Introduction PowerPolynomial Time Algorithms for Minimum Energy Scheduling Philippe Baptiste1 , Marek Chrobak2 policies is to reduce the amount of energy consumed by computer systems while maintaining satisfactory
Chrobak, Marek
March 2004 FEDERAL INFORMATION PROCESSING STANDARD (FIPS) 199, STANDARDS FOR SECURITY Information Technology Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology A new Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS), recently approved by the Secretary of Commerce, will help federal agencies
Application for Locally Adopted Energy Standards by the City of Union City in Accordance With
Standards in order to meet the minimum energy efficiency requirements of the proposed ordinance. Overall), that exceed any applicable federal energy conservation standards for such products." #12;Application for UnionApplication for Locally Adopted Energy Standards by the City of Union City in Accordance
Application for Locally Adopted Energy Standards by the City of Cupertino
energy conservation measures; and/or, set more stringent energy budgets. Because these energy standards Standards 3 The required level energy performance that exceeds the Title 24, Part 6 minimum is the resultApplication for Locally Adopted Energy Standards by the City of Cupertino In Accordance
Estimation of the Energy and Capacity Savings in Texas from Appliance Efficiency Standards
The purpose of this presentation will be to assess the technical potential for energy and capacity savings in Texas by the year 2006 by the statewide adoption of minimum appliance efficiency standards equivalent to those recently adopted...
Verdict, M.
The Standard Model Beyond the Standard Model
physics with top quark Search for Extra-dimensions Conclusions 1 The Standard Model Building block quark Search for Extra-dimensions Conclusions Building block The particles and forces The Standard Model the Standard Model New physics with top quark Search for Extra-dimensions Conclusions Building block
Tree-ring reconstruction of maximum and minimum temperatures
, minimum temperatures, diurnal temperature range, changing tree-ring/climate relationships, b; Vaganov et al. 1999; Bar- ber et al. 2000; Lloyd, Fastie 2002). Similar changes during investigations of tree- ring growth/climate relationships in interior British Columbia (BC
Minimum Purchase Price Regulations (Prince Edward Island, Canada)
The Minimum Purchase Price Regulations establish the price which utilities must pay for power produced by large-scale renewable energy generators � that is those capable of producing more than 100...
Optimization Online - On the complexity of maximizing the minimum ...
Jan 18, 2010 ... ... minimum total Shannon capacity of any mobile user in the system. ... Category 1: Applications -- OR and Management Sciences (Telecommunications ) ... Address: Department of Mathematics, Royal Institute of Technology,�...
Mikael Fallgren
Planning of Minimum-Time Trajectories for Robot Arms
The minimum-time for a robot arm has been a longstanding and unsolved problem of considerable interest. We present a general solution to this problem that involves joint-space tesselation, a dynamic time-scaling ...
Sahar, Gideon
Theoretical Minimum Energy Use of a Building HVAC System
This paper investigates the theoretical minimum energy use required by the HVAC system in a particular code compliant office building. This limit might be viewed as the "Carnot Efficiency" for HVAC system. It assumes that all ventilation and air...
Tanskyi, O.
affecting minimum alveolar: Topics by E-print Network
close to the observed minimum mass. The Hubble mass can also be predicted. It is suggested that assumption 1 above could be tested using a cyclotron to accelerate particles...
We explore the minimum distance from a host star where an exoplanet could potentially be habitable in order not to discard close-in rocky exoplanets for follow-up observations. We find that the inner edge of the Habitable ...
Zsom, Andras
Upper bounds on minimum distance of nonbinary quantum stabilizer codes
The most popular class of quantum error correcting codes is stabilizer codes. Binary quantum stabilizer codes have been well studied, and Calderbank, Rains, Shor and Sloane (July 1998) have constructed a table of upper bounds on the minimum distance...
Kumar, Santosh
Minimum Stream Flow and Water Sale Contracts (Indiana)
The Indiana Natural Resources Commission may provide certain minimum quantities of stream flow or sell water on a unit pricing basis for water supply purposes from the water supply storage in...
Environmental Standardization for Sustainability
Environmental Standardization for Sustainability by Professor John W. Bagby College of Information that environmental controls are expressed as environmental standards, a traditional driver of investment in pollution control. Environmental standards spur investment in green technologies that promise to stimulate
Bagby, John
August 2007 Standards Actions
August 2007 1.5 DOE Technical Standards Published No entries were received in August 2007 2.0 Non-Government Standards Actions 2.1 American National Standards Institute (ANSI)...
July 2007 Standards Actions
in June 2007 1.5 DOE Technical Standards Published No entries were received in June 2007 2.0 Non-Government Standards Actions 2.1 American National Standards Institute (ANSI)...
October 2006 Standards Actions
Project No. SAFT-0109 Continued on next page Standards Actions Page 2 October 2006 2.0 NON-GOVERNMENT STANDARDS ACTIONS 2.1 American National Standards Institute American...
July 2006 Standards Actions
were received in June 2006. Continued on next page Standards Actions Page 2 July 2005 2.0 Non-Government Standards Actions 2.1 American National Standards Institute (ANSI)...
Communication Standards and Recommendations
Communication Standards and Recommendations Introduction & Purpose 3 Standards & Recommendations Communication 4 Training 10 Evaluation 11 PMO Workgroup Participation 12 Staffing 12 Communications-related Tracking Grantee Portal Standards and Recommendations 13
The Value of the National Performance Standards to
Housing Health Assessment Reuse water regulation Surface water All in column 1 out In: Rabies Consulting Other agency Minimum Housing Health Assessment Reuse water regulation Surface water Social ConscienceThe Value of the National Performance Standards to EH Programs Volusia County Florida Existing
May 2008 Standards Actions
Standards Actions 2 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 2 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 2 ASTM International 2 American Nuclear Society...
May 2006 Standards Actions
Standards Actions 1 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 1 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 2 ASTM International 2 American Nuclear Society...
February 2001 Standards Actions
Technical Standards Program Document Status Visit the Technical Standards Program Web Site: http:tis.eh.doe.govtechstds Activity Summary In Conversion - 4 In Preparation...
Energy Portfolio Standard
Nevada established a renewable portfolio standard (RPS) as part of its 1997 restructuring legislation. Under the standard, NV Energy (formerly Nevada Power and Sierra Pacific Power) must use...
Energy Efficiency Product Standards
'' Note: The federal government has imposed and updated appliance efficiency standards through several legislative acts,* and now has standards in place or under development for 30 classes of...
Impacts of alternative residential energy standards - Rural Housing Amendments Study, Phase 1
This report has examined the role of manufactured housing in the housing market, the energy impacts of three manufactured housing standards and three site-built standards in 13 cities, and the economic impacts of those standards in 6 cities. The three standards applied to manufactured housing are the HUD Title VI standard (Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards, or MHCSS), the Hud Title II-E standard, and the existing FmHA Title V standard. Those applied to site-built homes are the HUD Minimum Property Standards (MPS), the ASHRAE 90A-80 standard, and the FmHA Title V standard. Based on energy consumption alone, these analyses show that the FmHA Title V standard is the most stringent standard for both housing types (a single-section menufactured home and a single-story detached ''ranch house''). The HUD Title VI standard is the least stringent for manufactured homes, while the HUD Minimum Property Standards are the least stringent for site-built homes. Cost-effectiveness comparisons required by the Act were made for the two prototypical homes. Results of this preliminary economic analysis indicate that none of the site-built standards reflect minimum life-cycle cost as a basic criterion of their development. For manufactured homes, both the FmHA standard and the HUD Title II-E standard reduce life-cycle cost and effect positive first-year cash flows in all cities analyzed when electric resistance heating is assumed. When natural gas heating is used, both standards pass the life-cycle cost test in all cities, but the FmHA standard fails the cash flow test in all but one city. However, in the worst case, net monthly expenditures in the first year are increased by less than $9.
Balistocky, S.; Bohn, A.A.; Heidell, J.A.; Hendrickson, P.L.; Lee, A.D.; Pratt, R.G.; Taylor, Z.T.
Facilities Management CAD Standards
Facilities Management CAD Standards 2011 #12;Facilities Management CAD Standards Providing: Layering Standards 2.1 Layer Name Format 2.2 Layer Name Modifiers 2.3 Layer Attributes 2.4 Special Layer of PDF and DWG Files APPENDIX A: DAL FM CAD Standard Layers APPENDIX B: DAL FM CAD Special Layers
Brownstone, Rob
Standard 90, the planning
In order to understand the current proposed ANS/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 Energy Efficient Design of New Non-Residential Buildings and New High-Rise, Residential Buildings, this article offers background on the initial Standard, the organization of the Standard committee, and the objectives established for the proposed Standard 90.1.
Not Available
Technical Standards Program
Broader source: Directives, Delegations, and Requirements [Office of Management (MA)]
The Technical Standards Program (TSP) promotes the use of voluntary consensus standards by the Department of Energy (DOE), provides DOE with the means to develop needed technical standards, and manages overall technical standards information, activities, issues, and interactions. Cancels DOE O 1300.2A. Canceled by DOE O 252.1A
The Order promotes DOE's use of Voluntary Consensus Standards (VCS) as the primary method for application of technical standards and establishes and manages the DOE Technical Standards Program (TSP) including technical standards development, information, activities, issues, and interactions. Admin Chg 1 dated 3-12-13.
Environmental Services Standard Tasks
1 Environmental Services Operations Standard Tasks The primary function of Environmental Services developed and implemented standard custodial tasks that meet industry standards. The standards are as follows: Exterior Building Cleaning Daily Clean ash urns Clean entry area glass Clean steps and remove
E-Print Network 3.0 - antagonists minimum safety Sample Search...
minimum safety Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: antagonists minimum safety Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Microscopic Kinetics and...
Understanding Building Energy Codes and Standards
Energy codes and standards play a vital role by setting minimum requirements for energy-efficient design and construction. They outline uniform requirements for new buildings as well as additions and renovations. The Difference Between Energy Codes, Energy Standards and the Model Energy Code Energy codes--specify how buildings must be constructed or perform, and are written in mandatory, enforceable language. States or local governments adopt and enforce energy codes for their jurisdictions. Energy standards--describe how buildings should be constructed to save energy cost-effectively. They are published by national organizations such as the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). They are not mandatory, but serve as national recommendations, with some variation for regional climate. States and local governments frequently use energy standards as the technical basis for developing their energy codes. Some energy standards are written in mandatory, enforceable language, making it easy for jurisdictions to incorporate the provisions of the energy standards directly into their laws or regulations.
The minimum distance of classical and quantum turbo-codes
We present a theory of quantum stabilizer turbo-encoders with unbounded minimum distance. This theory is presented under a framework common to both classical and quantum turbo-encoding theory. The main conditions to have an unbounded minimum distance are that the inner seed encoder has to be recursive, and either systematic or with a totally recursive truncated decoder. This last condition has been introduced in order to obtain a theory viable in the quantum stabilizer case, since it was known that in this case the inner seed encoder could not be recursive and systematic in the same time.
Abbara, Mamdouh
Mamdouh Abbara; Jean-Pierre Tillich
Non-standard loop quantum cosmology
We present results concerning the nature of the cosmological big bounce(BB) transition within the loop geometry underlying loop quantum cosmology (LQC). Our canonical quantization method is an alternative to the standard LQC. An evolution parameter we use has clear interpretation both at classical and quantum levels. The physical volume operator has discrete spectrum which is bounded from below. The minimum gap in the spectrum defines a quantum of the volume. The spectra of operators are parametrized by a free parameter to be determined.
Wlodzimierz Piechocki
Implementing Minimum Cycle Basis algorithms Kurt Mehlhorn and Dimitrios Michail
Implementing Minimum Cycle Basis algorithms Kurt Mehlhorn and Dimitrios Michail Max consider the problem of computing a mini- mum cycle basis of an undirected graph G = (V, E) with n vertices in a significant speedup. Based on our experimental observations, we combine the two fundamen- tally different
Effect of mechanical parameters on dielectric elastomer minimum energy structures
Effect of mechanical parameters on dielectric elastomer minimum energy structures Jun Shintake energy structures Jun Shintake*a,b , Samuel Rosseta , Dario Floreanob , Herbert R. Sheaa a Microsystems for Space Technologies Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Neuchâtel, Switzerland b
Floreano, Dario
On the Minimum Load Coloring Problem --Extended Abtract--
# such that the maximum load, l # := max{r# , b #}, is minimized. In the following we shall skip the term ``maximumOn the Minimum Load Coloring Problem --Extended Abtract-- Nitin Ahuja 1 , Andreas Baltz 2 Abstract. Given a graph G = (V, E) with n vertices, m edges and maximum vertex degree #, the load
Doerr, Benjamin
Predicting Daily Net Radiation Using Minimum Climatological Data1
Predicting Daily Net Radiation Using Minimum Climatological Data1 S. Irmak, M.ASCE2 ; A. Irmak3 ; J for predicting daily Rn have been widely used. However, when the paucity of detailed climatological data with National Weather Service climatological datasets that only record Tmax and Tmin on a regular basis. DOI: 10
Optimizing rotational acceleration curves for minimum energy use in electric
Optimizing rotational acceleration curves for minimum energy use in electric motors. 12/15/06 Fall the optimal efficiency of a motor for any input values of motor constants, distance, or time. In every of the inspiration to find which rotational acceleration curve for the used motors would be most efficient. We really
Ruina, Andy L.
Localized Minimum-Energy Broadcasting for Wireless Multihop Networks
tree. We then observe that, for very dense networks, it is more energy-efficient to reach more than oneLocalized Minimum-Energy Broadcasting for Wireless Multihop Networks with Directional Antennas, and Carmen M. Yago Abstract--There are a number of proposals to achieve energy-efficient broadcasting
Stojmenovic, Ivan
Minimum-Hot-Spot Query Trees for Wireless Sensor Networks
an energy- efficient query routing tree. (a) Energy harvesting for battery- less nodes for the (b) Voltree to the querying node. Energy-efficient query routing trees are needed in a plethora of systems such as PeopleMinimum-Hot-Spot Query Trees for Wireless Sensor Networks Georgios Chatzimilioudis Dept
Zeinalipour, Demetris
Jamming-Aware Minimum Energy Routing in Wireless Networks
1 Jamming-Aware Minimum Energy Routing in Wireless Networks Azadeh Sheikholeslami, Majid Ghaderi; however, energy-aware routing in the presence of active adversary (jammers) has not been considered. We. There has been some study of energy-aware ad hoc routing protocols in the literature [13], [14], [15], [16
Goeckel, Dennis L.
BLIND DECONVOLUTION WITH MINIMUM RENYI'S ENTROPY Deniz Erdogmus1
BLIND DECONVOLUTION WITH MINIMUM RENYI'S ENTROPY Deniz Erdogmus1 , Jose C. Principe1 , Luis Vielva2-mail: [deniz , principe]@cnel.ufl.edu, email@example.com ABSTRACT Blind techniques attract the attention, from communications to control systems. Blind deconvolution is a problem that has been investigated
Slatton, Clint
The Minimum Constraint Removal Problem with Three Robotics Applications
The Minimum Constraint Removal Problem with Three Robotics Applications Kris Hauser Abstract on three example applications: generating human-interpretable excuses for failure, motion planning under their failures. · In human-robot interaction, semantically meaningful explanations would help people diagnose
Indiana University
The Minimum Constraint Removal Problem with Three Robotics Applications Kris Hauser September 13 strategies. It is demonstrated on three example applications: gener- ating human-interpretable excuses, then they provide no explanation for the failure. For several applications, it would be useful for planners
Interior Architecture Minor Tracking Sheet Total Minimum Credits: 26
Interior Architecture Minor Tracking Sheet Total Minimum Credits: 26 Minor standing is prerequisite architecture studio course is required for architecture majors enrolled in the interior architecture minor (1 is required for Architecture majors): IARC 484 Interior Design Studio (6), IARC 486 Furniture
Architecture Minor Tracking Sheet Total Minimum Credits: 26
Architecture Minor Tracking Sheet Total Minimum Credits: 26 Minor standing is prerequisite Notes: Required courses in one's major will not count for the minor with one exception: 1 architecture studio course is required for interior architecture majors enrolled in the architecture minor, and this studio
Optimum Wire Tapering for Minimum Power Dissipation in RLC Interconnects
tapering is shown to reduce the (a CMOS inverter) with the driver (a CMOS inverter). The power dissipatedOptimum Wire Tapering for Minimum Power Dissipation in RLC Interconnects Magdy A. El-Moursy and Eby G. Friedman Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester Rochester, New
Friedman, Eby G.
Requirements: A minimum of 15 PSYC credits, including
» Three other 2000-3000-level PSYC courses (any area) No more than 3 credits of PSYC 3889 or 3999 canRequirements: A minimum of 15 PSYC credits, including: » One Area I course » One Area II course) ___2100 (Principles of Research in Psychology) Area I. Social, Developmental, Clinical, & Industrial
Alpay, S. Pamir
Standard version Advanced version
Minimum octane 8.5 7 4.5 To produce these products, Margaret purchases crude oil at a price of £11 per version Margaret Oil - basic (2) Before crude can be used to produce products for sale, it must version Advanced version Margaret Oil - basic (3) Crude Distill Naphtha Gasoline Distilled 1 Jet fuel
Hall, Julian
National Cost-effectiveness of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2010 Compared to ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) completed this project for the U.S. Department of Energy�s (DOE�s) Building Energy Codes Program (BECP). DOE�s BECP supports upgrading building energy codes and standards, and the states� adoption, implementation, and enforcement of upgraded codes and standards. Building energy codes and standards set minimum requirements for energy-efficient design and construction for new and renovated buildings, and impact energy use and greenhouse gas emissions for the life of buildings. Continuous improvement of building energy efficiency is achieved by periodically upgrading energy codes and standards. Ensuring that changes in the code that may alter costs (for building components, initial purchase and installation, replacement, maintenance and energy) are cost-effective encourages their acceptance and implementation. ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1 is the energy standard for commercial and multi-family residential buildings over three floors.
Thornton, Brian; Halverson, Mark A.; Myer, Michael; Loper, Susan A.; Richman, Eric E.; Elliott, Douglas B.; Mendon, Vrushali V.; Rosenberg, Michael I.
Cost-effectiveness of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2010 Compared to ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007
Thornton, Brian A.; Halverson, Mark A.; Myer, Michael; Cho, Hee Jin; Loper, Susan A.; Richman, Eric E.; Elliott, Douglas B.; Mendon, Vrushali V.; Rosenberg, Michael I.
Detailed Information Standard
The purpose of this standard is to increase the required information that must accompany any parts submitted to the Registry of Standard Biological Parts. This will give users of the parts better assurance of their ...
Culviner, Peter
Clothing Quality Standards
Clothing construction is a creative skill with certain standards for appearance and construction. This publication describes the standards that apply to general construction techniques such as preparing the fabric, creating darts and gathers...
April 2007 Standards Actions
and Injury Surveillance Program Guidelines, 03222007; DOE-STD-1190-2007, OCSH-0005 2.0 Non-Government Standards Actions 2.1 American National Standards Institute (ANSI)...
Puerto Rico- Interconnection Standards
In 2007, the Autoridad de Energ�a Electrica de Puerto Rico (PREPA*) adopted interconnection standards based on the standard contained in the federal Energy Policy Act of 2005. PREPA promulgated...
& FRATERNITY SORORITY LIFE COMMUNITY STANDARDS & GREEK JUDICIAL BOARD HANDBOOK 2013 OFFICE Judicial Board Handbook 2 I. COMMUNITY STANDARDS Fraternity & Sorority Life is one of the most rewarding Councils have standards of conduct for all chapters and their members. It is the responsibilty of every
Hone, James
Fact #589: September 21, 2009 Proposed Fuel Economy and Greenhouse...
national standards for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE). The standards would apply to model year 2012 - 2016 passenger cars and light...
Development of energy-efficiency standards for Indian refrigerators
The application of advanced techniques in engineering simulation and economic analysis for the development of efficiency standards for Indian refrigerators is illustrated in this paper. A key feature of this methodology is refrigerator simulation to generate energy savings for a set of energy-efficient design options and life-cycle cost (LCC) analysis with these design options. The LCC of a refrigerator is analyzed as a function of five variables: nominal discount rate, fuel price, appliance lifetime, incremental price, and incremental energy savings. The frequency of occurrence of the LCC minimum at any design option indicates the optimum efficiency level or range. Studies carried out in the US and European Economic Community show that the location of the LCC minimum under different scenarios (e.g., variable fuel price, life-time, discount rate, and incremental price) is quite stable. Thus, an efficiency standard can be developed based on the efficiency value at the LCC minimum. This paper examines and uses this methodology in developing efficiency standards for Indian refrigerators. The potential efficiency standard value is indicated to be 0.65 kWh/day for a 165-liter, CFC-based, manual defrost, single-door refrigerator-freezer.
Bhatia, P.
Standard and non-standard primordial neutrinos
The standard cosmological model predicts the existence of a cosmic neutrino background with a present density of about 110 cm^{-3} per flavour, which affects big-bang nucleosynthesis, cosmic microwave background anisotropies, and the evolution of large scale structures. We report on a precision calculation of the cosmic neutrino background properties including the modification introduced by neutrino oscillations. The role of a possible neutrino-antineutrino asymmetry and the impact of non-standard neutrino-electron interactions on the relic neutrinos are also briefly discussed.
P. D. Serpico
The minimum-uncertainty coherent states for Landau levels
The Glauber minimum-uncertainty coherent states with two variables for Landau levels, based on the representation of Weyl-Heisenberg algebra by two different modes, have been studied about four decades ago. Here, we introduce new two-variable coherent states with minimum uncertainty relationship for Landau levels in three different methods: the infinite unitary representation of su(1, 1) is realized in two different methods, first, by consecutive levels with the same energy gaps and also with the same value for z-angular momentum quantum number, then, by shifting z-angular momentum mode number by two units while the energy level remaining the same. Besides, for su(2), whether by lowest Landau levels or Landau levels with lowest z-angular momentum, just one finite unitary representation is introduced. Having constructed the generalized Klauder-Perelomov coherent states, for any of the three representations, we obtain their Glauber coherency by displacement operator of Weyl-Heisenberg algebra.
Dehghani, A. [Physics Department, Payame Noor University, P. O. Box 19395-4697 Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Fakhri, H. [Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Faculty of Physics, University of Tabriz, P. O. Box 51666-16471 Tabriz (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Mojaveri, B. [Department of Physics, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, P. O. Box 51745-406 Tabriz (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
Investigation of a minimum energy Earth-Mars trajectory
INVESTIGATION OF A MINIMUM ENERGY EARTH-MARS TRAJECTORY A Thesis by Richard Emmett grown Submitted to the Graduate Co11ege of the Texas ASM University in partia1 fulfi11ment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE May 1967... Major Subject: Aerospace Engineering INVESTIGATION OF A MINIMIIM ENERGy EARTH MARS TRAJECTORy A Thesis by Richard Emmett Brown Approved as to style and content by; (Co-chairman of Committee) (Head of Department) (Member) May I967 TABLE...
Brown, Richard Emett
The Energy-Dependence of GRB Minimum Variability Timescales
We constrain the minimum variability timescales for 938 GRBs observed by the Fermi/GBM instrument prior to July 11, 2012. The tightest constraints on progenitor radii derived from these timescales are obtained from light curves in the hardest energy channel. In the softer bands -- or from measurements of the same GRBs in the hard X-rays from Swift -- we show that variability timescales tend to be a factor 2--3 longer. Applying a survival analysis to account for detections and upper limits, we find median minimum timescale in the rest frame for long-duration and short-duration GRBs of 45 ms and 10 ms, respectively. Fewer than 10% of GRBs show evidence for variability on timescales below 2 ms. These shortest timescales require Lorentz factors $\\gtrsim 400$ and imply typical emission radii $R \\approx 1 {\\times} 10^{14}$ cm for long-duration GRBs and $R \\approx 3 {\\times} 10^{13}$ cm for short-duration GRBs. We discuss implications for the GRB fireball model and investigate whether GRB minimum timescales evolve w...
Golkhou, V Zach; Littlejohns, Owen M
The minimum of solar cycle 24 is significantly different from most other minima in terms of its duration as well as its abnormally low levels of activity. Using available helioseismic data that cover epochs from the minimum of cycle 23 to now, we study the differences in the nature of the solar rotation between the minima of cycles 23 and 24. We find that there are significant differences between the rotation rates during the two minima. There are differences in the zonal-flow pattern too. We find that the band of fast rotating region close to the equator bifurcated around 2005 and recombined by 2008. This behavior is different from that during the cycle 23 minimum. By autocorrelating the zonal-flow pattern with a time shift, we find that in terms of solar dynamics, solar cycle 23 lasted for a period of 11.7 years, consistent with the result of Howe et al. (2009). The autocorrelation coefficient also confirms that the zonal-flow pattern penetrates through the convection zone.
Antia, H. M. [Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005 (India); Basu, Sarbani, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Astronomy, Yale University, P.O. Box 208101, New Haven CT 06520-8101 (United States)
CAD Standards Guideline rev July 28, 2011 CAD Standards Guideline
CAD Standards Guideline rev July 28, 2011 1 CAD Standards;CAD Standards Guideline rev July 28, 2011 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION (pg.3) CAD Standards Survey/GIS Standards Design Standards 1.0.0 CAD STANDARDS CHECKLIST (pg.4) 2.0.0 CAD
Hanson, Stephen José
PurposeThis procedure provides guidance on the conversion of DOE Technical Standards to Voluntary Consensus Standards (VCSs), also referred to as non-Government standards.�
National Certification Standard
Standard for the Geothermal Heat Pump Industry Principal Investigator John Kelly Geothermal Heat Pump Consortium GSHP Demonstration Projects May 18, 2010 This...
Distributed Generation Standard Contracts
'''''Note: The second enrollment period for standard contracts in 2013 closed June 28. The third is scheduled to begin in September.'''''
State Building Energy Standards
In June 2007, South Carolina enacted legislation (the Energy Independence and Sustainable Construction Act of 2007) to promote effective energy and environmental standards for construction,...
November 2000 Standards Actions
19, 2000. IEEE 1379-2000, Recommended Practice for Data Com- munications Between Remote Terminal Units and Intelligent Electronic Devices in a Substation (new standard) -...
November 2007 Standards Actions
1 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 1 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 2 ASTM International 2 American Nuclear Society (ANS) 2 National Fire Protection...
November 2006 Standards Actions
Actions 2 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 2 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 2 ASTM International 2 American Nuclear Society (ANS) 2 National...
October 2007 Standards Actions
Actions 1 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 1 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 2 ASTM International 2 American Nuclear Society (ANS) 2 National...
February 2008 Standards Actions
2 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 2 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 2 ASTM International 2 American Nuclear Society (ANS) 2 National Fire Protection...
Standard Subject Classification System
The order establishes the DOE Standard Subject Classification System for classifying documents and records by subject, including correspondence, directives, and forms.Cancels DOE O 0000.1.
Energy Conservation Standards Activities
Report to Congress August 2014 United States Department of Energy Washington, DC 20585 Energy Conservation Standards Activities Report to Congress | Page i Message from the...
Standards Actions, October 2000
61326-1-am2-2000, Electrical equipment for measure- ment, control and laboratory use - EMC requirements - Part 1: General requirements. American National Standards Projects...
Renewable Portfolio Standard
Under Hawaii's Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS), each electric utility company that sells electricity for consumption in Hawaii must establish the following percentages of "renewable electrical...
ORISE: Standards development
of industry standards that provide guidance and support to decontamination and decommissioning projects across the United States. Because of our extensive experience...
The Standard Model
ScienceCinema (OSTI)
Fermilab scientist Don Lincoln describes the Standard Model of particle physics, covering both the particles that make up the subatomic realm and the forces that govern them.
Lincoln, Don
Renewable Energy Standard
Rhode Island's Renewable Energy Standard (RES), established in June 2004, requires the state's retail electricity providers -- including non-regulated power producers and distribution companies --...
Introduction Format Proprietaire -Standard
Code for Information Interchange) 4. Unicode IFT-1215 Stefan Monnier 7 #12;BCD IFT-1215 Stefan MonnierSOMMAIRE Introduction Format Propri´etaire -Standard Code Alphanum´erique Entr´ee Alphanum : !, ?, ", (, . . . · Caract`eres sp´eciaux : *, $, ¿, . . . Quelques standards utilis´es pour les coder en binaires 1. BCD
Monnier, Stefan
programs, the standard for all new commercial buildings, the standard for utility commercial conservation RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS The region should acquire all electric energy conservation measure savings from new residential and new commercial buildings that have a benefit-to-cost ratio greater than
Maintaining Standards: Differences between the Standard Deviation and Standard Error, and
Maintaining Standards: Differences between the Standard Deviation and Standard Error, and When to Use Each David L Streiner, PhD1 Many people confuse the standard deviation (SD) and the standard error of the findings. (Can J Psychiatry 1996;41:498502) Key Words: statistics, standard deviation, standard error
California at Santa Cruz, University of
Frequency-modulated atomic force microscopy operation by imaging at the frequency shift minimum: The dip-df mode
In frequency modulated non-contact atomic force microscopy, the change of the cantilever frequency (?f) is used as the input signal for the topography feedback loop. Around the ?f(z) minimum, however, stable feedback operation is challenging using a standard proportional-integral-derivative (PID) feedback design due to the change of sign in the slope. When operated under liquid conditions, it is furthermore difficult to address the attractive interaction regime due to its often moderate peakedness. Additionally, the ?f signal level changes severely with time in this environment due to drift of the cantilever frequency f{sub 0} and, thus, requires constant adjustment. Here, we present an approach overcoming these obstacles by using the derivative of ?f with respect to z as the input signal for the topography feedback loop. Rather than regulating the absolute value to a preset setpoint, the slope of the ?f with respect to z is regulated to zero. This new measurement mode not only makes the minimum of the ?f(z) curve directly accessible, but it also benefits from greatly increased operation stability due to its immunity against f{sub 0} drift. We present isosurfaces of the ?f minimum acquired on the calcite CaCO{sub 3}(101{sup �}4) surface in liquid environment, demonstrating the capability of our method to image in the attractive tip-sample interaction regime.
Rode, Sebastian; Schreiber, Martin; K�hnle, Angelika; Rahe, Philipp, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Institut f�r Physikalische Chemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universit�t Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099 Mainz (Germany)] [Institut f�r Physikalische Chemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universit�t Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099 Mainz (Germany)
Energy Codes and Standards - ASHRAE 90.1 2007
level appendix B: building envelope Climate Criteria 1 very hot 8 subartic 7 very cold 6 cold 5 cool 4 mixed 3 warm 2 hot U.S. Climate Classifications ASHRAE Standard 90.1 Compliance Paths: Envelope proposed building design 90... more. Eventually it is all about a cultural shift where folks dress for the climate/season inside and out. ASHRAE Standard 90.1 Purpose ?? Provide minimum requirements for the energy-efficient design of buildings except low-rise residential...
Reihl, K.
DOE Coordination Meeting CODES & STANDARDS
of the International Standards Organization's standards for hydrogen refueling and storage, by 2006; · Complete. Provide technical resources to harmonize the development of international standards among IEC, ISO negotiations with critical Standard Development Organizations and develop draft generic licensing agreement
The impact of minimum age of employment regulation on child labor and schooling
Promoting minimum age of employment regulation has been a centerpiece in child labor policy for the last 15 years. If enforced, minimum age regulation would change the age profile of paid child employment. Using micro-data ...
Edmonds, Eric V
Minimum pressure envelope cavitation analysis using two-dimensional panel method
An analysis tool for calculating minimum pressure envelopes was developed using XFOIL. This thesis presents MATLAB� executables that interface with a modified version of XFOIL for determining the minimum pressure of a foil ...
Peterson, Christopher J., S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
DOE technical standards list. Department of Energy standards index
This document was prepared for use by personnel involved in the selection and use of DOE technical standards and other Government and non-Government standards. This TSL provides listing of current DOE technical standards, non-Government standards that have been adopted by DOE, other Government documents in which DOE has a recorded interest, and canceled DOE technical standards. Information on new DOE technical standards projects, technical standards released for coordination, recently published DOE technical standards, and activities of non-Government standards bodies that may be of interest to DOE is published monthly in Standards Actions.
Sonication standard laboratory module
DOE Patents [OSTI]
A standard laboratory module for automatically producing a solution of cominants from a soil sample. A sonication tip agitates a solution containing the soil sample in a beaker while a stepper motor rotates the sample. An aspirator tube, connected to a vacuum, draws the upper layer of solution from the beaker through a filter and into another beaker. This beaker can thereafter be removed for analysis of the solution. The standard laboratory module encloses an embedded controller providing process control, status feedback information and maintenance procedures for the equipment and operations within the standard laboratory module.
Beugelsdijk, Tony (Los Alamos, NM); Hollen, Robert M. (Los Alamos, NM); Erkkila, Tracy H. (Los Alamos, NM); Bronisz, Lawrence E. (Los Alamos, NM); Roybal, Jeffrey E. (Santa Fe, NM); Clark, Michael Leon (Menan, ID)
Theoretical Minimum Energies to Produce Steel for Selected Conditions
The energy used to produce liquid steel in today's integrated and electric arc furnace (EAF) facilities is significantly higher than the theoretical minimum energy requirements. This study presents the absolute minimum energy required to produce steel from ore and mixtures of scrap and scrap alternatives. Additional cases in which the assumptions are changed to more closely approximate actual operating conditions are also analyzed. The results, summarized in Table E-1, should give insight into the theoretical and practical potentials for reducing steelmaking energy requirements. The energy values have also been converted to carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) emissions in order to indicate the potential for reduction in emissions of this greenhouse gas (Table E-2). The study showed that increasing scrap melting has the largest impact on energy consumption. However, scrap should be viewed as having ''invested'' energy since at one time it was produced by reducing ore. Increasing scrap melting in the BOF mayor may not decrease energy if the ''invested'' energy in scrap is considered.
Fruehan, R.J.; Fortini, O.; Paxton, H.W.; Brindle, R.
Refrigerators, Refrigerator-Freezers, Freezers PreliminaryRefrigerators, Refrigerator-Freezers, Freezers Pre-NOPRlighting, television, refrigerator-freezers, central air
and general lighting incandescent services (GLIS) areLighting Phase out of incandescent lighting has been passedout of general service incandescent lamps (GSIL) which don�t
central air conditioners, water heaters and furnaces) areair conditioners, water heaters and furnaces) UnregulatedM i l l o 10 i n s 2. Water Heaters DOE has issued a final
2010). We consider only the BAT for storage water heaters.Shipments for gas storage water heaters are projected toyear while electric storage water heaters are projected to
Administration, Annual Energy Outlook 2010 with Projectionsis taken from the annual energy outlook (AEO) 2010 (DOE/EIA-
Magnetic Flux Transport Simulations of Solar Surface Magnetic Distributions During a Grand Minimum.
, Scotland, KY16 9SS. Abstract. It is well known that magnetic activity on the Sun modulates from one cycle strongly depend on the phase of the cycle in which the grand minimum starts and whether it lasts for an odd or even number of cycles. If the grand minimum starts around cycle minimum then a signi#12;cant amount
Mackay, Duncan
Minimum Energy Consumption in Multicomponent Distillation. 3. More Than Three Products and Generalized Petlyuk Arrangements
Minimum Energy Consumption in Multicomponent Distillation. 3. More Than Three Products-component feed into M products has been derived. Interestingly, the minimum-energy solution in a complex solution of minimum energy for distillation of a multicomponent feed into multiple products has not been
A simple model for evolution of proteins towards the global minimum of free energy
A simple model for evolution of proteins towards the global minimum of free energy Tamar Kaffe-Abramovich and Ron Unger Background: Proteins seem to have their native structure in a global minimum of free energy is in the global minimum of free energy. The aim of this study is to investigate such evolutionary processes
Unger, Ron
Anomalous electron density events in the quiet summer ionosphere at solar minimum over Millstone Hill
Anomalous electron density events in the quiet summer ionosphere at solar minimum over Millstone region ionosphere over Millstone Hill with calculations from the IZMIRAN model for solar minimum layer. This phenomenon occurs frequently in the quiet ionosphere at solar minimum during summer
Boyer, Edmond
). The top three panels correspond to the southern segment of the solar minimum orbit; repeated passesLANGMUIR WAVE ACTIVITY: COMPARING THE ULYSSES SOLAR MINIMUM AND SOLAR MAXIMUM ORBITS R. J at the electron plasma frequency) during the solar minimum and solar maximum orbits of Ulysses. At high latitudes
California at Berkeley, University of
An On-demand Minimum Energy Routing Protocol for a Wireless Ad Hoc Network
An On-demand Minimum Energy Routing Protocol for a Wireless Ad Hoc Network Sheetalkumar Doshi the necessary features of an on-demand minimum energy routing protocol and suggests mechanisms the performance of an on-demand minimum energy routing protocol in terms of energy savings with an existing on
Brown, Timothy X.
An On-demand Minimum Energy Routing Protocol for a Wireless Ad Hoc Network Sheetalkumar Doshi of an on-demand minimum energy routing protocol and suggests mechanisms for their imple- mentation. We of an on-demand minimum energy routing protocol in terms of energy savings with an existing on-demand ad
Minimum Exergy Requirements for the Manufacturing of Carbon Nanotubes
The purpose of this paper is to address both the high values, and the large variation in reported values for the energy requirements for the production of carbon nanotubes. The paper includes an estimate of the standard ...
Gutowski, Timothy G.
DOE technical standards list: Department of Energy standards index
This Department of Energy (DOE) technical standards list (TSL) has been prepared by the Office of Nuclear Safety Policy and Standards (EH-31) on the basis of currently available technical information. Periodic updates of this TSL will be issued as additional information is received on standardization documents being issued, adopted, or canceled by DOE. This document was prepared for use by personnel involved in the selection and use of DOE technical standards and other Government and non-Government standards. This TSL provides listings of current DOE technical standards, non-Government standards that have been adopted by DOE, other standards-related documents in which DOE has a recorded interest, and canceled DOE technical standards. Information on new DOE technical standards projects, technical standards released for coordination, recently published DOE technical standards, and activities of non-Government standards bodies that may be of interest to DOE is published monthly in Standards Actions.
EPCglobal : a universal standard
This thesis evaluates the likelihood of EPCglobal becoming the universal RFID standard by presenting a framework of ten factors used to analyze and determine if EPCglobal is moving in the right direction. The ten factors ...
Aguirre, Juan Ignacio
Renewable Resource Standard
Montana�s renewable portfolio standard (RPS), enacted in April 2005 as part of the Montana Renewable Power Production and Rural Economic Development Act, requires public utilities and competitive...
August 2001 Standards Actions
ASME A120.1-1996) - July 3, 2001. ANSIASTM D4382-01, Test Method for Barium in Water, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, Graph- ite Furnace (new standard) - May 10, 2001....
The New York Public Service Commission (PSC) adopted a renewable portfolio standard (RPS) in September 2004 and issued implementation rules in April 2005. As originally designed, New York's RPS had...
Low Carbon Fuel Standards
S O N I A YE H Low Carbon Fuel Standards The most direct andalternative transportation fuels is to spur innovation withstandard for upstream fuel producers. hen it comes to energy
Sperling, Dan; Yeh, Sonia
Renewables Portfolio Standard
California�s Renewables Portfolio Standard (RPS) was originally established by legislation enacted in 2002. Subsequent amendments to the law have resulted in a requirement for California�s...
The order establishes the DOE Technical Standards Program. Cancels DOE O 252.1 and DOE G 252.1-1. Admin Chg 1, dated 3-12-13 cancels DOE O 252.1A.
Reliability Standards Owner
This position is located in the Internal Operations and Asset Management group of Planning and Asset Management (TP). A successful candidate in this position will serve as the Reliability Standards...
This standard details the correct methods of lifting and handling Series 1 freight containers following ISO-3874 and ISO-1496. The changes within RPP-40736 will allow better reading comprehension, as well as correcting editorial errors.
In November 2006, the Arizona Corporation Commission (ACC) adopted [http://images.edocket.azcc.gov/docketpdf/0000063561.pdf final rules] to expand the state's Renewable Energy Standard (RES) to 15%...
Standardization of Firearms
Establishes Department of Energy (DOE) requirements for the standardization of firearms and limitations of firearms inventories maintained in support of safeguards and security activities. Does not cancel other directives.
In January 2005, the District of Columbia Council enacted a renewable portfolio standard (RPS) that applies to all retail electricity sales in the District. In October 2008 the RPS was amended by...
Standards Actions - May 2000
dard) - February 11, 2000. ANSIUL 80-2000, Standard for Safety for Steel Tanks for Oil-Burner Fuel (revision of ANSIUL 80-1992) - March 15, 2000. The following international...
SAE Standards Support
This report summarizes PNNL activities in FY 2012 in support of the following two vehicle communication standards activities: � Technical support to SAE, ANSI and NIST technical working groups. PNNL actively contributed to the use case development, harmonization, and evaluation of the SAE standards activities for vehicle to grid communication � Tested and validated a set of potential technologies for meeting SAE communication requirements and provided recommendations for technology choices.
Gowri, Krishnan
IX. Standards for Student Organizations Standards of all Student Organizations
1 of 8 IX. Standards for Student Organizations Standards of all Student Organizations As stated to the same standards of conduct to which students are held on an individual basis. Standards for Fraternities on February 25, 1976 - the University has developed the following standards for fraternity/sorority life
Marsh, David
Energy efficiency standards for residential and commercial equipment: Additional opportunities
Energy efficiency standards set minimum levels of energy efficiency that must be met by new products. Depending on the dynamics of the market and the level of the standard, the effect on the market for a given product may be small, moderate, or large. Energy efficiency standards address a number of market failures that exist in the buildings sector. Decisions about efficiency levels often are made by people who will not be responsible for the energy bill, such as landlords or developers of commercial buildings. Many buildings are occupied for their entire lives by very temporary owners or renters, each unwilling to make long-term investments that would mostly reward subsequent users. And sometimes what looks like apathy about efficiency merely reflects inadequate information or time invested to evaluate it. In addition to these sector-specific market failures, energy efficiency standards address the endemic failure of energy prices to incorporate externalities. In the U.S., energy efficiency standards for consumer products were first implemented in California in 1977. National standards became effective starting in 1988. By the end of 2001, national standards were in effect for over a dozen residential appliances, as well as for a number of commercial sector products. Updated standards will take effect in the next few years for several products. Outside the U.S., over 30 countries have adopted minimum energy performance standards. Technologies and markets are dynamic, and additional opportunities to improve energy efficiency exist. There are two main avenues for extending energy efficiency standards. One is upgrading standards that already exist for specific products. The other is adopting standards for products that are not covered by existing standards. In the absence of new and upgraded energy efficiency standards, it is likely that many new products will enter the stock with lower levels of energy efficiency than would otherwise be the case. Once in the stock, it is either impossible or more costly to improve the energy efficiency. Therefore, by not expanding or upgrading energy efficiency standards, opportunities for saving energy would be lost. In the past two decades, standards have significantly raised the level of energy efficiency for new products. How much more might be gained by making standards more stringent on products already subject to them, or by extending standards to products not yet covered? The main goal of this study is to estimate key national impacts of new and upgraded energy efficiency standards for residential and commercial equipment. These impacts approximate the opportunity for national benefits that may be lost if standards are not upgraded and expanded from current levels. This study also identifies the end uses where the largest opportunities exist. This analysis was prepared for the National Commission on Energy Policy (NCEP). It uses an analytical approach that is similar in concept to that used by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to set standard levels. It relies on much less data and uses more simplified assumptions than the detailed and complex formulations used in DOE's standard-setting process. The results of this analysis should thus be viewed as a first approximation of the impacts that would actually be achieved by new standards. All monetary values in this report are in 2002 dollars.
Rosenquist, Greg; McNeil, Michael; Iyer, Maithili; Meyers, Steve; McMahon, Jim
The Standard Cosmological Model
The Standard Model of Particle Physics (SMPP) is an enormously successful description of high energy physics, driving ever more precise measurements to find "physics beyond the standard model", as well as providing motivation for developing more fundamental ideas that might explain the values of its parameters. Simultaneously, a description of the entire 3-dimensional structure of the present-day Universe is being built up painstakingly. Most of the structure is stochastic in nature, being merely the result of the particular realisation of the "initial conditions" within our observable Universe patch. However, governing this structure is the Standard Model of Cosmology (SMC), which appears to require only about a dozen parameters. Cosmologists are now determining the values of these quantities with increasing precision in order to search for "physics beyond the standard model", as well as trying to develop an understanding of the more fundamental ideas which might explain the values of its parameters. Although it is natural to see analogies between the two Standard Models, some intrinsic differences also exist, which are discussed here. Nevertheless, a truly fundamental theory will have to explain both the SMPP and SMC, and this must include an appreciation of which elements are deterministic and which are accidental. Considering different levels of stochasticity within cosmology may make it easier to accept that physical parameters in general might have a non-deterministic aspect.
Douglas Scott
Fuel Economy of the Light-Duty Vehicle Fleet (released in AEO2005)
The U.S. fleet of light-duty vehicles consists of cars and light trucks, including minivans, sport utility vehicles (SUVs) and trucks with gross vehicle weight less than 8,500 pounds. The fuel economy of light-duty vehicles is regulated by the (Corporate Average Fuel Economy) CAFE standards set by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Currently, the CAFE standard is 27.5 miles per gallon (mpg) for cars and 20.7 mpg for light trucks. The most recent increase in the CAFE standard for cars was in 1990, and the most recent increase in the CAFE standard for light trucks was in 1996.
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) - Pub
Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Update (EIA)
consumption flat across projection CAFE and greenhouse gas emissions standards boost light-duty vehicle fuel economy Travel demand for personal vehicles continues to grow, but...
EIA - Annual Energy Outlook 2013 Early Release
the greenhouse gas (GHG) and corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards for light-duty vehicles (LDVs)1 through the 2025 model year, which increases the new vehicle...
Annual Energy Outlook 2013 [U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)]
declines in the Reference case CAFE and greenhouse gas emissions standards boost light-duty vehicle fuel economy Miles traveled per licensed driver remains below its...
Fact #693: September 19, 2011 Average Vehicle Footprint for Cars...
and the average track width of the vehicle. The upcoming Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards have fuel economy targets based on the vehicle footprint. The...
Department of Energy Standards Index
This TSL, intended for use in selecting and using DOE technical standards and other Government and non-Government standards, provides listing of current and inactive DOE technical standards, non-Government standards adopted by DOE, other Government documents in which DOE has a recorded interest, and cancelled DOE technical standards.
This technical standards list (TSL) was prepared for use by personnel involved in the selection and use of US DOE technical standards and other government and non-government standards. This TSL provides listings of current DOE technical standards, non-government standards that have been adopted by DOE, other government documents in which DOE has a recorded interest, and cancelled DOE technical standards. Standards are indexed by type in the appendices to this document. Definitions of and general guidance for the use of standards are also provided.
International Experience in Standards and Labeling Programs for Rice Cookers
China has had an active program on energy efficiency standards for household appliances since the mid-1990s. Rice cooker is among the first to be subject to such mandatory regulation, since it is one of the most prevalent electric appliances in Chinese households. Since first introduced in 1989, the minimum energy efficiency standard for rice cookers has not been revised. Therefore, the potential for energy saving is considerable. Initial analysis from CNIS indicates that potential carbon savings is likely to reach 7.6 million tons of CO2 by the 10th year of the standard implementation. Since September 2007, CNIS has been working with various groups to develop the new standard for rice cookers. With The Energy Foundation's support, LBNL has assisted CNIS in the revision of the minimum energy efficiency standard for rice cookers that is expected to be effective in 2009. Specifically, work has been in the following areas: assistance in developing consumer survey on usage pattern of rice cookers, review of international standards, review of international test procedures, comparison of the international standards and test procedures, and assessment of technical options of reducing energy use. This report particularly summarizes the findings of reviewing international standards and technical options of reducing energy consumption. The report consists of an overview of rice cooker standards and labeling programs and testing procedures in Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan and Thailand, and Japan's case study in developing energy efficiency rice cooker technologies and rice cooker efficiency programs. The results from the analysis can be summarized as the follows: Hong Kong has a Voluntary Energy Efficiency Labeling scheme for electric rice cookers initiated in 2001, with revision implemented in 2007; South Korea has both MEPS and Mandatory Energy Efficiency Label targeting the same category of rice cookers as Hong Kong; Thailand's voluntary endorsement labeling program is similar to Hong Kong in program design but has 5 efficiency grades; Japan's program is distinct in its adoption of the 'Top Runner' approach, in which, the future efficiency standards is set based on the efficiency levels of the most efficient product in the current domestic market. Although the standards are voluntary, penalties can still be evoked if the average efficiency target is not met. Both Hong Kong and South Korea's tests involve pouring water into the inner pot equal to 80% of its rated volume; however, white rice is used as a load for its tests in Hong Kong whereas no rice is used for tests in South Korea. In Japan's case, water level specified by the manufactures is used and milled rice is used as a load only partially in the tests. Moreover, Japan does not conduct heat efficiency test but its energy consumption measurements tests are much more complex, with 4 different tests are conducted to determine the annual average energy consumption. Hong Kong and Thailand both set Minimum Allowable Heat Efficiency for different rated wattages. The energy efficiency requirements are identical except that the minimum heat efficiency in Thailand is 1 percentage point higher for all rated power categories. In South Korea, MEPS and label's energy efficiency grades are determined by the rice cooker's Rated Energy Efficiency for induction, non-induction, pressure, nonpressure rice cookers. Japan's target standard values are set for electromagnetic induction heating products and non-electromagnetic induction heating products by different size of rice cookers. Specific formulas are used by type and size depending on the mass of water evaporation of the rice cookers. Japan has been the leading country in technology development of various types of rice cookers, and developed concrete energy efficiency standards for rice cookers. However, as consumers in Japan emphasize the deliciousness of cooked rice over other factors, many types of models were developed to improve the taste of cooked rice. Nonetheless, the efficiency of electromagnetic induction heating (IH) rice cook
Zhou, Nan; Zheng, Nina
National Common Minimum Programme of the Congress-Led
Working Papers Series Center on Globalization and Sustainable Development The Earth Institute at Columbia living standards, wherever in India they are enjoyed. Nirupam Bajpai is a Senior Development Advisor and Director of the South Asia Program at the Center on Globalization and Sustainable Development, Columbia
Energy standards and model codes development, adoption, implementation, and enforcement
This report provides an overview of the energy standards and model codes process for the voluntary sector within the United States. The report was prepared by Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) for the Building Energy Standards Program and is intended to be used as a primer or reference on this process. Building standards and model codes that address energy have been developed by organizations in the voluntary sector since the early 1970s. These standards and model codes provide minimum energy-efficient design and construction requirements for new buildings and, in some instances, existing buildings. The first step in the process is developing new or revising existing standards or codes. There are two overall differences between standards and codes. Energy standards are developed by a consensus process and are revised as needed. Model codes are revised on a regular annual cycle through a public hearing process. In addition to these overall differences, the specific steps in developing/revising energy standards differ from model codes. These energy standards or model codes are then available for adoption by states and local governments. Typically, energy standards are adopted by or adopted into model codes. Model codes are in turn adopted by states through either legislation or regulation. Enforcement is essential to the implementation of energy standards and model codes. Low-rise residential construction is generally evaluated for compliance at the local level, whereas state agencies tend to be more involved with other types of buildings. Low-rise residential buildings also may be more easily evaluated for compliance because the governing requirements tend to be less complex than for commercial buildings.
Conover, D.R.
Standards and Conformity Assessment Training
Standards and Conformity Assessment Training Workshops for Government Agencies Fundamentals of Standards and Conformity Assessment Training for all levels of government NIST offers interactive workshops and seminars for federal, state, and local government agencies on the fundamentals of standards, conformity
Standard Work Specifications for Single-Family Home Energy Upgrades Summary (Fact Sheet)
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and numerous industry stakeholders developed the Standard Work Specifications for Single-Family Home Energy Upgrades to define the minimum requirements for high-quality residential energy upgrades. Today, the Standard Work Specifications provide a unique source for defining high-quality home energy upgrades, establishing clear expectations for homeowners, contractors, trainers, workers, program administrators, and organizations that provide financing for energy upgrades.
Derived Concentration Technical Standard
This standard supports the implementation of Department of Energy (DOE) Order 458.1, Radiation Protection of the Public and the Environment. It also establishes the numerical values of DCSs in a manner reflecting the current state of knowledge and practice in radiation protection
Hydrogen Production CODES & STANDARDS
Hydrogen Production DELIVERY FUEL CELLS STORAGE PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY VALIDATION CODES & STANDARDS for 2010 · Reduce the cost of distributed production of hydrogen from natural gas and/or liquid fuels to $1 SYSTEMS INTEGRATION / ANALYSES SAFETY EDUCATION RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT Economy Pete Devlin #12;Hydrogen
Standard Nine: Financial Resources
105 Standard Nine: Financial Resources Overview The 1996 NEASC team report was critical of Brandeis's financial management, and focused on the need to increase financial resources, improve faculty and staff displays the University resource profile for FY1995 compared to the FY2005 profile. During this decade
Snider, Barry B.
to the repair of hydraulic turbine runners and large pump impellers. Reclamation operates and maintains a wideFACILITIES INSTRUCTIONS, STANDARDS, & TECHNIQUES VOLUME 2-5 TURBINE REPAIR Internet Version variety of reaction and impulse turbines as well as axial flow, mixed flow, radial flow pumps and pump
Laughlin, Robert B.
Electricity savings from residential appliance standards in Sweden
This paper discusses the energy savings that could be obtained in Sweden by instituting specific standards for five appliances: Refrigerators, freezers, dishwashers, clothes washers, and clothes dryers. At the present time, Sweden has no minimum energy efficiency standards for residential appliances. This paper discusses the energy savings that could be obtained by instituting specific standards for five product types (refrigerators, freezers, dishwashers, clothes washers, and dryers) starting in 1995. A methodology similar to that used in analyses for the European Community was employed in this study. In the Swedish study, we used appliance test data developed by the Swedish consumer agency, Konsument Verket, to estimate new unit energy consumption for each product type. Shipments, saturations, energy use, and demographic data were input to a spreadsheet model that sums energy consumption for each product type over the period 1990--2010. Both a base case and a standards case scenario are simulated for each of the five appliance types. It was found that electricity use for these five products can be reduced by 12% over the time period from 1990--2010. Most of the energy savings come from instituting efficiency standards for refrigerators and freezers. For each product class type, the impact on manufacturer offerings is discussed. For example, for simple refrigerators, eleven 1990 models meet the 1995 standard and six models meet the 2000 standard out of a total of 63 models.
Turiel, I. [Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States); Lebot, B. [Agence Francaise pour la Maitrise de l`Energie, 75 - Paris (France)
DOE standard: Radiological control
The Department of Energy (DOE) has developed this Standard to assist line managers in meeting their responsibilities for implementing occupational radiological control programs. DOE has established regulatory requirements for occupational radiation protection in Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 835 (10 CFR 835), ``Occupational Radiation Protection``. Failure to comply with these requirements may lead to appropriate enforcement actions as authorized under the Price Anderson Act Amendments (PAAA). While this Standard does not establish requirements, it does restate, paraphrase, or cite many (but not all) of the requirements of 10 CFR 835 and related documents (e.g., occupational safety and health, hazardous materials transportation, and environmental protection standards). Because of the wide range of activities undertaken by DOE and the varying requirements affecting these activities, DOE does not believe that it would be practical or useful to identify and reproduce the entire range of health and safety requirements in this Standard and therefore has not done so. In all cases, DOE cautions the user to review any underlying regulatory and contractual requirements and the primary guidance documents in their original context to ensure that the site program is adequate to ensure continuing compliance with the applicable requirements. To assist its operating entities in achieving and maintaining compliance with the requirements of 10 CFR 835, DOE has established its primary regulatory guidance in the DOE G 441.1 series of Guides. This Standard supplements the DOE G 441.1 series of Guides and serves as a secondary source of guidance for achieving compliance with 10 CFR 835.
TTUS FP&C Design & Building Standards Division 8 Doors & Windows
8 Doors & Windows General Energy conservation and sustainable design must be given thorough with State Energy Code and ASHRAE 90.1. Energy Efficient Exterior Openings shall comply with minimumTTUS FP&C Design & Building Standards Division 8 Doors & Windows Page 1 of 11 Division
Gelfond, Michael
The Standards Forum, June 2001
(Uranium- Plutonium) Dioxide Pellets (revised standard). * C 1052-96, Practice for Bulk Sampling of Liquid Ura- nium Hexafluoride (revised standard). * C 1128-95, Guide for...
A Standard for Neuroscience Data
a standard neuroscience file format. And BrainFormat, a neuroscience data standardization framework developed at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab),...
Water Quality Standards Implementation (Oklahoma)
The Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality regulates Oklahoma's Water Quality Standards. The law states the requirements and standards for point source discharges. It also establishes...
Active Technical Standards Managers List
TECHNICAL STANDARDS PROGRAM ASSIGNMENT TELEPHONEFAXEMAIL NAME DOE FACILITYADDRESS LOC CODE AU-30 Jeff D. Feit DOE Technical Standards Program, Manager U.S. Department of Energy...
Energy Efficiency Standards for Appliances
Appliance and Equipment Efficiency Standards
Standard Reference Material 1751: Gallium Melting-Point Standard
Standard Reference Material 1751: Gallium Melting-Point Standard Gregory F. Strouse NIST Special Publication 260-157 #12;#12;NIST Special Publication 260-157 XXXX Standard Reference Material 1751: Gallium Melting-Point Standard Gregory F. Strouse Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory Process Measurements
Emissions Standards and Ambient Environmental Quality Standards in
Emissions Standards and Ambient Environmental Quality Standards in Stochastic Receiving Media quality standards, for in- stance SO2 emissions are capped under Title IV of the U.S. Clean Air Act Amendments while ambient SO2 concentrations are limited under National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS
Silver, Whendee
hat is the Standardized Patient? The University of Windsor standardized
hat is the Standardized Patient? The University of Windsor standardized patient program developed out of a need to standardized case scenarios for evaluation in nursing. Since its inception, the program has evolved and standardized patients (SPs) are now included in nursing curriculum with first
Minimum error discrimination between similarity-transformed quantum states
Using the well-known necessary and sufficient conditions for minimum error discrimination (MED), we extract an equivalent form for the MED conditions. In fact, by replacing the inequalities corresponding to the MED conditions with an equivalent but more suitable and convenient identity, the problem of mixed state discrimination with optimal success probability is solved. Moreover, we show that the mentioned optimality conditions can be viewed as a Helstrom family of ensembles under some circumstances. Using the given identity, MED between N similarity transformed equiprobable quantum states is investigated. In the case that the unitary operators are generating a set of irreducible representation, the optimal set of measurements and corresponding maximum success probability of discrimination can be determined precisely. In particular, it is shown that for equiprobable pure states, the optimal measurement strategy is the square-root measurement (SRM), whereas for the mixed states, SRM is not optimal. In the case that the unitary operators are reducible, there is no closed-form formula in the general case, but the procedure can be applied in each case in accordance to that case. Finally, we give the maximum success probability of optimal discrimination for some important examples of mixed quantum states, such as generalized Bloch sphere m-qubit states, spin-j states, particular nonsymmetric qudit states, etc.
Jafarizadeh, M. A. [Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51664 (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Tehran 19395-1795 (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences, Tabriz 51664 (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Sufiani, R. [Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51664 (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Tehran 19395-1795 (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Mazhari Khiavi, Y. [Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51664 (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
Near minimum-time maneuvers of large space structures using parameter optimization and lyapunov feedback control
Parameterization for Minimum-Time Control . . . . 28 28 29 35 39 V CONTROL PARAMETER APPROXIMATIONS. . Control Parameter Approximations for Near-Minimum Time Rest-to- Rest Maneuvers . . Rules of Thumb for Minimum-Time Rest-to-Rest Maneuvers Using the Bang-Bang... ControL One-Switch Bang-Bang Control Approximation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . , , . . . . , . . Switch Time Approximations Bang-Bang Controls with an Even Number of Control Switches...
Carter, Michael Timothy
Standardized radiological dose evaluations
Following the end of the Cold War, the mission of Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site changed from production of nuclear weapons to cleanup. Authorization baseis documents for the facilities, primarily the Final Safety Analysis Reports, are being replaced with new ones in which accident scenarios are sorted into coarse bins of consequence and frequency, similar to the approach of DOE-STD-3011-94. Because this binning does not require high precision, a standardized approach for radiological dose evaluations is taken for all the facilities at the site. This is done through a standard calculation ``template`` for use by all safety analysts preparing the new documents. This report describes this template and its use.
Peterson, V.L.; Stahlnecker, E.
Standard cosmology delayed
The introduction of a delay in the Friedmann equation of cosmological evolution is shown to result in the very early universe undergoing the necessary accelerated expansion in the usual radiation (or matter) dominated phase. Occurring even without a violation of the strong energy condition, this expansion slows down naturally to go over to the decelerated phase, namely the standard Hubble expansion. This may obviate the need for a scalar field driven inflationary epoch.
Choudhury, Debajyoti [Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007 (India); Ghoshal, Debashis [School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067 (India); Sen, Anjan Ananda, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Centre for Theoretical Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025 (India)
Standard Cosmology Delayed
Debajyoti Choudhury; Debashis Ghoshal; Anjan Ananda Sen
Choudhury, Debajyoti; Sen, Anjan Ananda
Standard costs for labor
STANDARD COSTS FOR LABOR A Thesis By MD. NURUL ABSAR KHAN Submitted to the Graduate School of the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texms in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION... January 1960 Ma/or Sub)acts Accounting STANOAHD COSTS FOR LABOR ND, NURUL ABSAR KHAN Approved as t style and content bys Chairman of Committee Head of Hepartment January 1960 The author acknowledges his indebtedness to Mr. T. M. Leland, Mr. T. D...
Khan, Mohammed Nurul Absar
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsrucLas Conchas recoveryLaboratory |CHEMPACKRadiological programStandards development For 30 years,
Standard interface file handbook
This handbook documents many of the standard interface file formats that have been adopted by the US Department of Energy to facilitate communications between and portability of, various large reactor physics and radiation transport software packages. The emphasis is on those files needed for use of the VENTURE/PC diffusion-depletion code system. File structures, contents and some practical advice on use of the various files are provided.
Shapiro, A.; Huria, H.C. (Cincinnati Univ., OH (United States))
Standards for language encoding: ISO
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Erjavec, Toma�?
Standard Syllabi and Grading Policy
Standard Syllabi and Grading Policy Professor and Executive Vice Dean Phil Phan The Johns Hopkins Is a Syllabus #12;· All the current Carey standard syllabi are listed online http://carey.jhu.edu/standard_syllabi · Carey standard syllabus templates are available online http
von der Heydt, Rüdiger
Texas Surface Water Quality Standards
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2008 BUILDING ENERGY EFFICIENCY STANDARDS C A L I F O R N I A E N E RGY CO M M I S S I O N Buildings and Appliances Office #12;Acknowledgments The Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Standards the adoption of the 2008 Building Energy Efficiency Standards to Jon Leber, PE, (November 13, 1947 - February
) developed by the International Standards Organization TC32 SC4, which is to serve as a basis for harmonizingChapter # TOWARDS INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR LANGUAGE RESOURCES Nancy Ide and Laurent Romary-284" #12;2 Chapter # Language Engineering Standards (EAGLES) and the International Standard for Language
Accelerating the Adoption of Second-Tier Reach Standards forApplicable Appliance Products in China
The minimum energy efficiency standards program for household appliances in China was initiated in 1989. Since 1996, CLASP and its implementing partner, LBNL, have assisted China in developing 11 minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) for 9 products and endorsement labels for 11 products including: refrigerators; air conditioners; clothes washers; televisions; printers; computers; monitors; fax machines; copiers; DVD/VCD players; external power supplies; and set-top boxes (under development). Before 2003, China's traditional approach to standards development involved small increases in efficiency requirements for implementation within 6 months of a standard's approval. Since 2003, China has adopted a new approach in setting MEPS. This new approach involves the development of two tiers of standards--one for initial implementation and a second tier at a more aggressive level of energy efficiency for implementation three to five years later. The second-tier standard is also referred to as a 'reach standard'. Reach standards have now been developed in China for: color TVs; refrigerators; air conditioners; and external power supplies. This report is presented in five sections. After the introduction in Section 1, Section 2 analyzes the distribution of the efficiency of refrigerators and air-conditioners in China based on data collected by the China Energy Label Center for the mandatory energy information label program. The results provide an assessment of the adoption of reach standards for these two products. Section 3 summarizes on-going collaborations with Shanghai related to early local adoption of reach standards, and presents both the impact and an analysis of barriers to the local adoption of reach standard for air-conditioners. Section 4 offers suggestions for local governments on how to move forward in adopting reach standards in their localities and concludes with a summary of the results and a plan for developing local capacity in order to achieve success in adopting reach standards.
Lin, Jiang; Fridley, David
Facilities at a Glance Undergraduate Room Type Standard Shared Standard Standard Catered
Facilities at a Glance Undergraduate Room Type Standard Shared Standard Standard Catered Standard Communal area clean John Wood Building N/A 6 weekly bedroom clean Data/WIFI Flat screen monitor TV +TV Licence VOIP Telephony John Wood Building Freewire Service Recycling
Burton, Geoffrey R.
Fractional Standard Map
Properties of the phase space of the standard map with memory are investigated. This map was obtained from a kicked fractional differential equation. Depending on the value of the parameter of the map and the fractional order of the derivative in the original differential equation this nonlinear dynamical system demonstrates attractors (fixed points, stables periodic trajectories, slow converging and slow diverging trajectories, ballistic trajectories, and fractal-like structures) and/or chaotic trajectories. At least one type of fractal-like sticky attractors in the chaotic sea was observed.
Mark Edelman; Vasily E. Tarasov
Sandia National Laboratories: Standards
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1 -theErikGroundbreakingStandards Solar Thermochemical Hydrogen Production On June 13,
Comparative Analysis of Three Proposed Federal Renewable Electricity Standards
This paper analyzes potential impacts of proposed national renewable electricity standard (RES) legislation. An RES is a mandate requiring certain electricity retailers to provide a minimum share of their electricity sales from qualifying renewable power generation. The analysis focuses on draft bills introduced individually by Senator Jeff Bingaman and Representative Edward Markey, and jointly by Representative Henry Waxman and Markey. The analysis uses NREL's Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS) model to evaluate the impacts of the proposed RES requirements on the U.S. energy sector in four scenarios.
Sullivan, P.; Logan, J.; Bird, L.; Short, W.
Lost sunspot cycle in the beginning of Dalton minimum: New evidence and consequences
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Usoskin, Ilya G.
Towards a deployable satellite gripper based on multisegment dielectric elastomer minimum energy
Towards a deployable satellite gripper based on multisegment dielectric elastomer minimum energy dielectric elastomer minimum energy structures O. A. Araromi*a , I. Gavrilovichb , J. Shintakea , S. Rosseta , H. R. Sheaa a Microsystems For Space Technologies Laboratory, �?cole Polytechnique Fédérale de
An Exponential Improvement on the MST Heuristic for Minimum Energy Broadcasting
in energy saving. A naturally arising issue in ad hoc wireless networks is that of supporting communicationAn Exponential Improvement on the MST Heuristic for Minimum Energy Broadcasting in Ad Hoc Wireless Abstract. In this paper we present a new approximation algorithm for the Minimum Energy Broadcast Routing
Caragiannis, Ioannis
On the Cost and Quality Tradeoff in Constructing Minimum-Energy Broadcast Trees in Wireless Ad
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Hu, Y. Charlie
Minimum Energy Consumption in Multicomponent Distillation. 1. Vmin Diagram for a Two-Product Column
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Guidelines for Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Digital PCR Experiments
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The Minimum Distance of Turbo-Like Codes Louay Bazzi, Mohammad Mahdian, Daniel A. Spielman
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Bloat control and generalization pressure using the minimum description length principle for a
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Bacardit, Jaume
Bloat control and generalization pressure using the minimum description length principle propose a method to achieve these objectives based on the Minimum Description Length (MDL) principle. This principle is a metric which combines in a smart way the accuracy and the complexity of a theory (rule set
Constructing Minimum-Energy Broadcast Trees In Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
algorithm, power awareness, ad hoc networks, energy consumption optimization, broad- cast and multicastConstructing Minimum-Energy Broadcast Trees In Wireless Ad Hoc Networks Weifa Liang Department related to power consump- tion in this kind of network. One is the minimum-energy broadcast tree problem
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Vialatte, Fran�ois
On the random 2-stage minimum spanning tree Abraham D. Flaxman
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Krivelevich, Michael
FINDING THE GLOBAL MINIMUM FOR BINARY IMAGE RESTORATION Tony F. Chan
- est. In this paper we define the restored image as the global min- imizer of the total-variation (TVFINDING THE GLOBAL MINIMUM FOR BINARY IMAGE RESTORATION Tony F. Chan , Selim Esedo¯glu and Mila and there are no general methods to calculate the global minimum, while local minimziers are very often of limited inter
Esedoglu, Selim
Modeling the Global Structure of the Heliosphere during the Recent Solar Minimum
, Berkeley, California. Abstract. The recent solar minimum, marking the end of solar cycle 23, has beenModeling the Global Structure of the Heliosphere during the Recent Solar Minimum: Model Mikic and Janet G. Luhmann Predictive Science, San Diego, California. Harvard-Smithsonian Center
Graphical Visualisation of Minimum Energy Requirements for Multi-Effect Distillation Arrangements
1 Graphical Visualisation of Minimum Energy Requirements for Multi-Effect Distillation Arrangements of this paper is to present a simple graphical method for obtaining the energy usage and to compare the energy of Chemical Engineering, 7491 Trondheim, Norway Abstract The minimum energy requirements of six different heat
UCIT Data Network Standards Campus Wireless Network Standard
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Habib, Ayman
Microfabricated ion frequency standard
A microfabricated ion frequency standard (i.e. an ion clock) is disclosed with a permanently-sealed vacuum package containing a source of ytterbium (Yb) ions and an octupole ion trap. The source of Yb ions is a micro-hotplate which generates Yb atoms which are then ionized by a ultraviolet light-emitting diode or a field-emission electron source. The octupole ion trap, which confines the Yb ions, is formed from suspended electrodes on a number of stacked-up substrates. A microwave source excites a ground-state transition frequency of the Yb ions, with a frequency-doubled vertical-external-cavity laser (VECSEL) then exciting the Yb ions up to an excited state to produce fluorescent light which is used to tune the microwave source to the ground-state transition frequency, with the microwave source providing a precise frequency output for the ion clock.
Schwindt, Peter (Albuquerque, NM); Biedermann, Grant (Albuquerque, NM); Blain, Matthew G. (Albuquerque, NM); Stick, Daniel L. (Albuquerque, NM); Serkland, Darwin K. (Albuquerque, NM); Olsson, III, Roy H. (Albuquerque, NM)
Algebraic Structure of the Minimum Error Discrimination Problem for Linearly Independent Density Matrices
The minimum error discrimination problem for ensembles of linearly independent pure states are known to have an interesting structure; for such a given ensemble the optimal POVM is given by the pretty good measurment of another ensemble which can be related to the former ensemble by a bijective mapping $\\mathscr{R}$ on the "space of ensembles". In this paper we generalize this result to ensembles of general linearly independent states (not necessarily pure) and also give an analytic expression for the inverse of the map, i.e., for $\\mathscr{R}^{-1}$. In the process of proving this we also simplify the necessary and sufficient conditions that a POVM needs to satisfy to maximize the probability of success for the MED of an LI ensemble of states. This simplification is then employed to arrive at a rotationally invariant necessary and sufficient conditions of optimality. Using these rotationally invariant conditions it is established that every state of a LI mixed state ensemble can be resolved to a pure state decomposition so that the corresponding pure state ensemble (corresponding to pure states of all mixed states together) has as its optimal POVM a pure state decomposition of the optimal POVM of mixed state ensemble. This gives the necessary and sufficient conditions for the PGM of a LI ensemble to be its optimal POVM; another generalization for the pure state case. Also, these rotationally invariant conditions suggest a technique to give the optimal POVM for an ensemble of LI states. This technique is polynomial in time and outpeforms standard barrier-type interior point SDP in terms of computational complexity.
Tanmay Singal; Sibasish Ghosh
Environmental Public Health Performance Standards
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Theories beyond the Standard Model must respect its gauge symmetry. This implies strict constraints on the possible models of Non-Standard Neutrino Interactions (NSIs). We review here the present status of NSIs from the point of view of effective field theory. Our recent work on the restrictions implied by Standard Model gauge invariance is provided along with some examples of possible gauge invariant models featuring non-standard interactions.
D. Hernandez
PurposeThis procedure describes how topical committees are organized and recognized under the Technical Standards Program.�
STANDARD LAN -1 Fiber Channel
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Mellia, Marco
Environmental Public Health Performance Standards (Version 2.0) Updated May 2014 National Center for Environmental Health Division of Emergency and Environmental Health Services #12;#12;Environmental Public Health Performance Standards (Version 2.0) Updated May 2014 #12;Environmental Public Health Performance Standards
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Ferrara, Katherine W.
) developed by the International Standards Organization TC32 SC4, which is to serve as a basis for harmonizing. It is in this context that a committee of the International Standards Organization (ISO), TC 37/SC 4Chapter # TOWARDS INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR LANGUAGE RESOURCES Nancy Ide and Laurent Romary
Ide, Nancy
The Question The Standard Construction
The Question The Standard Construction The ZFC construction Bibliography Solution to a Problem Construction The ZFC construction Bibliography Outline 1 The Question 2 The Standard Construction 3 The ZFC construction Dilip Raghavan Solution to a Problem of Van Douwen #12;The Question The Standard Construction
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EA-2001: Final Rule, 10 CFR Part 433, �Energy Efficiency Standards for New Federal Commercial and Multi-Family High- Rise Residential Buildings� Baseline Standards Update
The EA examines the potential incremental environmental impacts of the PreliminaryFinal Rule on building habitability and the outdoor environment. To identify the potential environmental impacts that may result from implementing the PreliminaryFinal Rule, DOE compared the PreliminaryFinal Rule with the �no-action alternative� of using the minimum requirements of the previous version of the Federal standard � 10 CFR Part 433 (referred to as the �no-action alternative�).
ARM Standards Policy Committee Report
Data and metadata standards promote the consistent recording of information and are necessary to ensure the stability and high quality of Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility data products for scientific users. Standards also enable automated routines to be developed to examine data, which leads to more efficient operations and assessment of data quality. Although ARM Infrastructure agrees on the utility of data and metadata standards, there is significant confusion over the existing standards and the process for allowing the release of new data products with exceptions to the standards. The ARM Standards Policy Committee was initiated in March 2012 to develop a set of policies and best practices for ARM data and metadata standards.
Cialella, A; Jensen, M; Koontz, A; McFarlane, S; McCoy, R; Monroe, J; Palanisamy, G; Perez, R; Sivaraman, C
Standards Panel: 1. Stephen Diamond, General Manager, Industry Standards Office and Global Standards Officer, EMC
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Environmental standards provide competitive advantage
Quality organizations are breaking new ground with the development of international standards for environmental management. These promise to provide the platform for chemical companies wanting to establish their environmental credibility with a global audience. [open quotes]It will be similar to auditing our customers to ISO 9000[close quote], says the environmental manager for a European chemical firm. [open quote]We will only want to deal with people who have got their environmental act together. And we'll be in a better competitive positions[close quote]. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO;Geneva) has set up a taskforce to develop an environmental management standard, which is expected to be completed by the mid-1990s. Observers think the ISO standard will draw heavily on the British Standard Institute's (BSI;London) environmental management standard, BS7750, which will likely be the first system adopted in the world. Published last year, BS7750 has been extensively piloted in the UK (CW, Sept. 30, 1992, p. 62) and is now set to be revised before being offically adopted by BSI. The UK's Chemical Industries Association (CIA;London) is anxious to prevent a proliferation of standards, and its report on BS7750 pilot projects calls for an approach integrating quality, environment, and health and safety. But standard setters, including ISO, appear to be moving in the opposite direction. In the US, the American national Standards Institute (ANSI;Washington) has started work on an environmental management standard.
Chynoweth, E.; Kirshner, E.
J 4.8 MODELING THE TALLAHASSEE MINIMUM TEMPERATURE ANOMALY Kelly G. Godsey*
1 J 4.8 MODELING THE TALLAHASSEE MINIMUM TEMPERATURE ANOMALY Kelly G. Godsey* 1,2 , Henry E author address: Kelly G. Godsey, NWS, Morristown, TN 37814; email: firstname.lastname@example.com #12;2 Fig. 1
Fuelberg, Henry
From Fjords to Open Seas: Ecological Genomics of Expanding Oxygen Minimum Zones (2010 JGI User Meeting)
Steven Hallam of the University of British Columbia talks "From Fjords to Open Seas: Ecological Genomics of Expanding Oxygen Minimum Zones" on March 24, 2010 at the 5th Annual DOE JGI User Meeting
Hallam, Steven
Guaranteed Minimum-Rank Solutions of Linear Matrix Equations via Nuclear Norm Minimization
The affine rank minimization problem consists of finding a matrix of minimum rank that satisfies a given system of linear equality constraints. Such problems have appeared in the literature of a diverse set of fields ...
Recht, Benjamin
A Cycle Augmentation Algorithm for Minimum Cost Multicommodity Flows on a Ring
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Energy-Efficient Distributed Constructions of Minimum Spanning Tree for Wireless Ad-hoc
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Khan, Maleq
Online Supplement to "Bounding Distributions for the Weight of a Minimum Spanning Tree in Stochastic
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Shier, Douglas R.
Statistical Analysis and Time Series Models for Minimum/Maximum Temperatures
temperatures, thereby reducing the adverse effect of global warming in the Antarctic Peninsula. Keywords that the observed increase in the minimum temperatures is a consequence of human activity rather than natural causes
Sidorov, Nikita
Development of a standard for calculation and measurement of the moderator temperature coefficient of reactivity in water-moderated power reactors
The contents of ANS 19.11, the standard for ``Calculation and Measurement of the Moderator Temperature Coefficient of Reactivity in Water-Moderated Power Reactors,`` are described. The standard addresses the calculation of the moderator temperature coefficient (MTC) both at standby conditions and at power. In addition, it describes several methods for the measurement of the at-power MTC and assesses their relative advantages and disadvantages. Finally, it specifies a minimum set of documentation requirements for compliance with the standard.
Mosteller, R.D. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States); Hall, R.A. [Virginia Power, Glen Allen, VA (United States). Innsbrook Technical Center; Apperson, C.E. Jr. [Westinghouse Safety Management Solutions, Inc., Aiken, SC (United States); Lancaster, D.B. [TRW Environmental Safety Systems, Inc., Vienna, VA (United States); Young, E.H. [Commonwealth Edison Co., Downers Grove, IL (United States); Gavin, P.H. [ABB Combustion Engineering, Windsor, CT (United States); Robertson, S.T. [Framatome/COGEMA Fuels, Lynchburg, VA (United States)
Double active shielded magnetic field gradient design with minimum inductance method
DOUBLE ACTIVE SHIELDED MAGNETIC FIELD GRADIENT DESIGN WITH MINIMUM INDUCTANCE METHOD A Thesis by XU WANG Submitted to the Oflice of Graduate Studies of Texas ASM University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER... OF SCIENCE May 1992 Major Subject: Physics DOUBLE ACTIVE SHIELDED MAGNETIC FIELD GRADIENT DESIGN WITH MINIMUM INDUCTANCE METHOD A Thesis by XU WANG Approved as to style and content by: F. R. Huson (Chair of Committee) Steve Wry (Member) Edward...
Wang, Xu
A Dynamic Localized Minimum-Energy Agent Tree-Based Data Dissemination Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks
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Holliday, JoAnne
1906 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 53, NO. 11, NOVEMBER 2005 Minimum-Energy Multicast in Mobile Ad Hoc
in polynomial time, in sharp con- trast with the NP-hardness of constructing the minimum-energy multicast tree with a single tree is presented. The minimum energy-per-bit for multicasting with routing is found by an integer in the Steiner tree literature, can now be interpreted as the optimization for minimum energy multicasting
Chen, Yuanzhu Peter
TECHNICAL REPORT TR-09-04, UC DAVIS, SEPTEMBER 2009. 1 Minimum-Energy Multicast Tree in Cognitive Radio Networks
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Strain energy minimum and vibrational properties of single-walled aluminosilicate nanotubes Suchitra Konduri, Sanjoy Mukherjee, and Sankar Nair*
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Major in Aerospace Engineering Master of Engineering (with creative component) A minimum of 27 credits of acceptable
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Surface Water Quality Standards (Nebraska)
These regulations, promulgated by the Department of Environmental Quality, contain surface water quality standards, stream classifications, discussion of lakes and impounded basins, and water...
Interconnection Standards for Small Generators
The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) adopted "small generator" interconnection standards for distributed energy resources up to 20 megawatts (MW) in capacity in May 2005.* The FERC's...
web identity standards introduction .............................................................................................................87
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Mullins, Dyche
Ambient Air Quality Standards (Iowa)
These regulations set statewide ambient air quality standards for various contaminants. The state code follows the regulations set forth in the National Primary and Secondary Ambient Air Quality...
International Quality Assurance Standards (Presentation)
Tests to make quantitative predictions about photovoltaic (PV) modules are needed. This presentation proposes the creation of international quality assurance standards for PV modules.
Kurtz, S.; Hacke, P.; Wohlgemuth, J.; Kempe, M.; Yamamichi, M.
Emission Standards for Contaminants (Iowa)
These regulations list emissions standards for various contaminants, and contain special requirements for anaerobic lagoons. These regulations also describe alternative emissions limits, which may...
Standard and non standard ideas for the Higgs boson sector
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Abbondandolo, Alberto
Meeting Residential Ventilation Standards Through Dynamic Control of Ventilation Systems
Existing ventilation standards, including American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 62.2, specify continuous operation of a defined mechanical ventilation system to provide minimum ventilation, with time-based intermittent operation as an option. This requirement ignores several factors and concerns including: other equipment such as household exhaust fans that might incidentally provide ventilation, negative impacts of ventilation when outdoor pollutant levels are high, the importance of minimizing energy use particularly during times of peak electricity demand, and how the energy used to condition air as part of ventilation system operation changes with outdoor conditions. Dynamic control of ventilation systems can provide ventilation equivalent to or better than what is required by standards while minimizing energy costs and can also add value by shifting load during peak times and reducing intake of outdoor air contaminants. This article describes the logic that enables dynamic control of whole-house ventilation systems to meet the intent of ventilation standards and demonstrates the dynamic ventilation system control concept through simulations and field tests of the Residential Integrated Ventilation-Energy Controller (RIVEC).
Sherman, Max H.; Walker, Iain S.
Technical Standards, Program Project Justification Statement...
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
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Standards for Power Electronic Components
Standards for Power Electronic Components and Systems EPE 14 ECCE Europe Dr Peter R. Wilson #12;Session Outline � "Standards for Power Electronic Components and Systems" � Peter Wilson, IEEE PELS Electronics � where next? � Wide Band Gap Devices � SiC, GaN etc... � Transformers (ETTT) � Power Modules
10 November 1998 Standard Applications
10 November 1998 Standard Applications Framework for EPICS (SAFE) Steve Lewis (LBNL) Revision 2.0--for EPICS R3.13Beta12-LBL.2 or R3.13.0-LBL.2 1.0 Introduction The Standard Applications Framework for EPICS (SAFE) provides an organized approach for building EPICS applications on a Unix host, include
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES Site Selection
IMPROVE STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES SOP 126 Site Selection Date Last Modified Modified by: 09 References none #12;SOP 126: Site Selection 3 1.0 PURPOSE AND APPLICABILITY This standard operating procedure field conditions, and for ease of operation and maintenance. IMPROVE aerosol samplers are generally
Fischer, Emily V.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY STANDARDS FOR RESIDENTIALAND NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS 1 JULY 1995 CALIFORNIA ENERGY =I COMMISSION Pete Wilson, Governor ~400-95-001 For historical reference Current Title 24 Standards are available at: http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/ #12;CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION Valerie Hall
International Standards in Forensic DNA
International Standards in Forensic DNA John M. Butler, Ph.D. National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST Fellow & Special Assistant to the Director for Forensic Science Vice-Chair, National Commission on Forensic Science World Forensics Festival Seoul, Korea October 15, 2014 #12;Definition
Consumer life-cycle cost impacts of energy-efficiency standards for residential-type central air conditioners and heat pumps
In support of the federal government's efforts to raise the minimum energy-efficiency standards for residential-type central air conditioners and heat pumps, a consumer life-cycle cost (LCC) analysis was conducted to demonstrate the economic impacts on individual consumers from revisions to the standards. LCC is the consumer's cost of purchasing and installing an air conditioner or heat pump and operating the unit over its lifetime. The LCC analysis is conducted on a nationally representative sample of air conditioner and heat pump consumers resulting in a distribution of LCC impacts showing the percentage of consumers that are either benefiting or being burdened by increased standards. Relative to the existing minimum efficiency standard of 10 SEER, the results show that a majority of split system air conditioner and heat pump consumers will either benefit or be insignificantly impacted by increased efficiency standards of up to 13 SEER.
Rosenquist, Gregory; Chan, Peter; Lekov, Alex; McMahon, James; Van Buskirk, Robert
In accordance with federal legislation, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has sponsored a study to demonstrate use of its Interim Energy Conservation Standards for New Federal Residential Buildings. The demonstration study was conducted by DOE and the Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL). The demonstration is the second step in a three-step process: I) development of interim standards, 2) demonstration of the interim standards, and 3) development of final standards. The standards are mandatory for federal agency housing procurements. Nevertheless, PNL found at the start of the demonstration that agency use of the interim standards had been minimal. The purpose of the standards is to improve the energy efficiency of federal housing and increase the use of nondepletable energy sources. In accordance with the legislation, the standards were to be performance-based rather than prescribing specific energy conservation measures. To fulfill this aspect of the legislation, the standards use a computer software program called COSTSAFR which generates a point system that individualizes the standards to specific projects based on climate, housing type, and fuel costs. The standards generate minimum energy-efficiency requirements by applying the life-cycle cost methodology developed for federal projects. For the demonstration, PNL and DOE chose five federal agency housing projects which had been built in diverse geographic and climate regions. Participating agencies were the Air Force, the Army (which provided two case studies), the Navy, and the Department of Health and Human Services. PNL worked with agency housing procurement officials and designers/architects to hypothetically apply the interim standards to the procurement and design of each housing project. The demonstration started at the point in the project where agencies would establish their energyefficiency requirements for the project and followed the procurement process through the designers' use of the point system to develop a design which would comply with the standards. PNL conducted extensive interviews with the federal agencies and design contractors to determine what impacts the standards would have on the existing agency procurement process as well as on designers. Overall, PNL found that the interim standards met the basic intent of the law. Specific actions were identified, however, that DOE could take to improve the standards and encourage the agencies to implement them. Agency personnel found the minimum efficiency levels established by the standards to be lower than expected, and lower than their existing requirements. Generally, this was because the standards factor in fuel costs, as well as energy savings due to various conservation measures such as insulation, when they determine the minimum efficiency levels required. The demonstration showed that federal agencies often pay low prices for heating fuel and electricity; these lower costs "tipped the scales," allowing designers to meet the efficiency target with designs that were relatively inefficient. It appeared, however, that the low prices paid by agencies directly to suppliers did not capture the agencies' full costs of providing energy, such as the costs of distribution and storage. Agency personnel expressed some concern about the standards' ability to incorporate new energy-efficient technologies and renewable resource technologies like solar heating systems. An alternative compliance procedure was developed to incorporate new technologies; however, demonstration participants said the procedure was not well documented and was difficult and time consuming to use. Despite these concerns, most agency personnel thought that the standards would fit into current procurement procedures with no big changes or cost increases. Many said use of the standards would decrease the time and effort they now spend to establish energy-efficiency requirements and to confirm that proposed designs comply. Personnel praised the software and documentation for being easy to use and providing energ
Lee, A. D.; Baechler, H. C.; Di Massa, F. V.; Lucas, R. G.; Shankle, D. L.
475 INFORMATION STANDARDIZATION FROM A DESIGN PERSPECTIVE ALEXANDER KOUTAMANIS Delft University is that it should be supported by extensive standardization of design and building information. This standardization, continuity, flexibility and adaptability. From a design perspective standardization refers to three distinct
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
On the critical flame radius and minimum ignition energy for spherical flame initiation
Spherical flame initiation from an ignition kernel is studied theoretically and numerically using different fuel/oxygen/helium/argon mixtures (fuel: hydrogen, methane, and propane). The emphasis is placed on investigating the critical flame radius controlling spherical flame initiation and its correlation with the minimum ignition energy. It is found that the critical flame radius is different from the flame thickness and the flame ball radius and that their relationship depends strongly on the Lewis number. Three different flame regimes in terms of the Lewis number are observed and a new criterion for the critical flame radius is introduced. For mixtures with Lewis number larger than a critical Lewis number above unity, the critical flame radius is smaller than the flame ball radius but larger than the flame thickness. As a result, the minimum ignition energy can be substantially over-predicted (under-predicted) based on the flame ball radius (the flame thickness). The results also show that the minimum ignition energy for successful spherical flame initiation is proportional to the cube of the critical flame radius. Furthermore, preferential diffusion of heat and mass (i.e. the Lewis number effect) is found to play an important role in both spherical flame initiation and flame kernel evolution after ignition. It is shown that the critical flame radius and the minimum ignition energy increase significantly with the Lewis number. Therefore, for transportation fuels with large Lewis numbers, blending of small molecule fuels or thermal and catalytic cracking will significantly reduce the minimum ignition energy.
Chen, Zheng; Burke, M. P.; Ju, Yiguang
In accordance with federal legislation, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) bas conducted a project to demonstrate use of its Interim Energy Conservation Standards for New Federal Residential Buildings. The demonstration is the second step in a three-step process: development of interim standards, demonstration of the interim standards, and development of final standards. Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) collected information from the demonstration project and prepared this report under a contract with DOE. The purpose of the standards is to improve the energy efficiency of federal housing and increase the use of nondepletable energy sources. In accordance with the legislation, the standards were to be performance-based rather than prescribing specific energy conservation measures. The standards use a computer software program called COSTSAFR which individualizes the standards based on climate, housing type, and fuel costs. The standards generate minimum energy-efficiency requirements by applying the life-cycle cost methodology developed for federal projects, For the demonstration, the DOE chose live federal agency housing projects: four military housing projects and one project for the Department of Health and Human Services. DOE and PNL worked with agency housing procurement officials and designers/architects to hypothetically apply the interim standards to each housing project. PNL conducted extensive interviews with the federal agencies and design contractors to determine what impacts the standards would have on the existing agency procurement process as well as on designers. Overall, PNL found that the interim standards met the basic intent of the law. Specific actions were identified, however, that DOE could take to improve the standards and encourage the agencies to implement them. Agency personnel and designers expressed similar concerns about the standards: the minimum efficiency levels established by the standards were lower than expected and the standards did not provide an easy way to incorporate new energy-efficient and renewable resource tec.:hnolog:ies like solar heating systems. Agency personnel said the standards would fit into current procurement procedures with no big changes or cost increases, Many said the standards would decrease the time and effort they now spend to establish energy-efficiency requirements and to confirm that proposed designs comply with those requirements. Agency personnel praised the software and documentation for being easy to use and providing energy-efficiency requirements in energy dollars. Housing designers agreed that the DOE standards were easy to use to determine that their designs meet energy-efficiency goals. Many felt the information provided by the standards could be useful in the design process. Based on the demonstration, PNL recommends establishing task forces that will actively involve agency personnel and others in future revisions and development of the final standards. PNL also recommends that DOE and federal agencies investigate the use of market fuel and energy prices in the standards, rather than the prices paid by the agencies, to better reflect actual costs. A number of recommendations are made for improving communications between DOE and the users of the standards and for enhancing tools to implement the standards. Several recommendations are made for increasing the number of renewable resources that are included in the standards. Finally, PNL recommends ongoing monitoring activities to continue to identify ways in which the standards can be improved.
Lee, A. D.; Baechler, M / C.; Di Massa, F. V.; Lucas, R. G.; Shankle, D. L.
National Green Building Standard Analysis
DOE's Building America Program is a research and development program to improve the energy performance of new and existing homes. The ultimate goal of the Building America Program is to achieve examples of cost-effective, energy efficient solutions for all U.S. climate zones. Periodic maintenance of an ANSI standard by review of the entire document and action to revise or reaffirm it on a schedule not to exceed five years is required by ANSI. In compliance, a consensus group has once again been formed and the National Green Building Standard is currently being reviewed to comply with the periodic maintenance requirement of an ANSI standard.
NAHB Research Center, Upper Marlboro, Maryland
Analysis of Potential Benefits and Costs of Adopting a Commercial Building Energy Standard in South Dakota
The state of South Dakota is considering adopting a commercial building energy standard. This report evaluates the potential costs and benefits to South Dakota residents from requiring compliance with the most recent edition of the ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1-2001 Energy Standard for Buildings except Low-Rise Residential Buildings. These standards were developed in an effort to set minimum requirements for the energy efficient design and construction of new commercial buildings. The quantitative benefits and costs of adopting a commercial building energy code are modeled by comparing the characteristics of assumed current building practices with the most recent edition of the ASHRAE Standard, 90.1-2001. Both qualitative and quantitative benefits and costs are assessed in this analysis. Energy and economic impacts are estimated using results from a detailed building simulation tool (Building Loads Analysis and System Thermodynamics [BLAST] model) combined with a Life-Cycle Cost (LCC) approach to assess corresponding economic costs and benefits.
Belzer, David B.; Cort, Katherine A.; Winiarski, David W.; Richman, Eric E.
On the origin of the low temperatures resistivity minimum in Cr thin films
We present measurements of the electrical resistivity and Hall coefficient, ? and R{sub H}, in Cr films of different thicknesses grown on MgO (100) substrates, as a function of temperature T and applied magnetic field H. The results show a low temperature minimum in ?(T), which is thickness dependent. From 40?K to 2?K, the Hall coefficient is a monotonous increasing function as T is reduced with no particular signature at the temperature T{sub min} where the minimum develops. We explain the resistivity minimum assuming an imperfect nesting of the Fermi surface leading to small electron and hole pockets. We introduce a phenomenological model which supports this simple physical picture.
Osquiguil, E.; Tosi, L.; Kaul, E. E.; Balseiro, C. A. [Centro At�mico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, Comisi�n Nacional de Energ�a At�mica, 8400 Bariloche (Argentina)
Standards for graph algorithm primitives
It is our view that the state of the art in constructing a large collection of graph algorithms in terms of linear algebraic operations is mature enough to support the emergence of a standard set of primitive building ...
Mattson, Tim
Dam Safety Standards (New Jersey)
These rules set forth procedures for application to construct, repair or modify a dam and set standards for design and maintenance of dams. These rules also establish a dam inspection procedure....
Phenomenology Beyond the Standard Model
An elementary review of models and phenomenology for physics beyond the Standard Model (excluding supersymmetry). The emphasis is on LHC physics. Based upon a talk given at the Physics at LHC conference, Vienna, 13-17 July 2004.
Joseph D. Lykken
Commercial Building Codes and Standards
Once an energy-efficient technology or practice is widely available in the market, it can become the baseline of performance through building energy codes and equipment standards. The Building...
Orange County- Wind Permitting Standards
In December 2010, the County of Orange Board of Supervisors adopted small wind performance and development standards (Ord. No. 10-020) in order to promote distributed generation systems in non...
Projected regional impacts of appliance efficiency standards for the U.S. residential sector
Minimum efficiency standards for residential appliances have been implemented in the US for a large number of residential end-uses. This analysis assesses the potential energy, dollar, and carbon impacts of those standards at the state and national levels. In this assessment, the authors use historical and projected shipments of equipment, a detailed stock accounting model, measured and estimated unit energy savings associated with the standards, estimated incremental capital costs, demographic data, and fuel price data at the finest level of geographic disaggregation available. Energy savings from the standards are substantial. Total primary energy savings will peak in 2004 at about 0.7 exajoules/year (1 exajoule = 10{sup 18} joules {approx} 1 quadrillion Btu = 10{sup 15} Btus). Cumulative primary energy savings during the 1990 to 2010 period total 10.6 exajoules. Efficiency standards in the residential sector have been a highly cost-effective policy instrument for promoting energy efficiency. Projected cumulative present-values dollar savings after subtracting out the additional cost of the more efficient equipment are about $33 billion from 1990 to 2010. Average benefit/cost ratios for these standards are about 3.5 for the US as a whole. Projected carbon reductions are approximately 9 million metric tons of carbon/year from 2000 through 2010, an amount roughly equal to 4% of carbon emissions in 1990. Because these standards save energy at a cost less than the price of that energy, the resulting carbon emission reductions are achieved at negative net cost to society. Minimum efficiency standards reduce pollution and save money at the same time.
Koomey, J.G.; Mahler, S.A.; Webber, C.A.; McMahon, J.E.
New current control concept -- Minimum time current control in the three-phase PWM converter
In this paper, a new current controller that guarantees the fastest transient response is proposed. The basic concept is to find the optimal control voltage for tracking the reference current with minimum time under the voltage limit constraint. Though this minimum time control concept is also applicable to all the machine drive systems, this paper focuses on the current regulation in the three-phase pulse width modulation (PWM) converter. In the simulation and experimental results, it is observed that the proposed controller has much less transient time than the conventional synchronous PI regulator and the performance of the dc link voltage control is also greatly improved with the proposed current controller.
Choi, J.W. [LG Industrial Systems, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Sul, S.K. [Seoul National Univ. (Korea, Republic of). School of Electrical Engineering
UC Santa Cruz firstname.lastname@example.com
* Veggie Cobb: Mushrooms, Egg, Cucumbers, Olives, Artichokes, Mixed Greens, Bleu Cheese Dressing $6.50 Studious Chef: Turkey, Ham, Egg, Cucumber, Cheddar Cheese, Avocado, Mixed Greens, All-Natural Ranch Dressing $6.75 Monterey Bay'jing: Grilled Chicken, Mandarin Oranges, Walnuts, Carrots, Napa Cabbage, Asian
CafeMol (www.cafemol.org) Features are;
$ pjqstat display job status(-A:all user) $ pjdel [JOBID] cancel job $ pjsub --interact interactive job e directory of native info files >>>> job_cntl i_run_mode = 2 2:constat T, 6:REMD i_simulate_type = 1 1(essential block 2) energy_function LOCAL(1) L_GO local energy L_GO, L_AICG2_PLUS, L_BDNA NLOCAL(1/1) GO EXV
Fukai, Tomoki
The AMTEX (tm) Computer-Aided Fabric Evaluation (CAFE) Project
The American textile industry has lost an estimated 400,000 jobs to offshore competitors since 1980. If trends continue unchanged, it is predicted they will lose an additional 600,000 jobs by the year 2002. These losses and the resulting economic threat to the U.S. textile industry can be attributed to the low operating costs of their offshore competitors' extensive use of cheap labor. In order to stem these rising losses and gain back lost market shares, the American textile industry has entered into a cooperative research and development agreement (CRADA) with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) in a program called the American Textile Partnership (AMTEX). AMTEX is a working relationship aimed at leveraging technologies that currently exist at the DOE national laboratories for the benefit and development of a competitive market edge for the U.S. textile manufacturers. The application of these technologies to identified needs will result in new and emerging manufacturing innovations for the U.S. textile industry and its vendor.
Allgood, G.O.; Kametches, M.L.
Cafe Scientifique: Get a CLEW! Challenges and Opportunities at the
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth7-1D: Vegetation Proposed New Substation Sites Proposed Route BTRICGEGR-N GoodsMexico's Energy Reform
Bachelor of Science with Major in Geology (Minimum of 120 credits required)
Bachelor of Science with Major in Geology (Minimum of 120 credits required) The Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degree is designed for students planning professional careers in geology, hydrogeology work in geology, geosciences and environmental science. Prerequisite Coursework for Transfer Students
Fernandez, Eduardo
Bachelor of Arts with Major in Geology: Earth and Space Science (Minimum of 120 credits required)
Bachelor of Arts with Major in Geology: Earth and Space Science (Minimum of 120 credits required) The Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degree in Geology (Earth Science) is designed for students planning professional 2053 & 2048L 5 College Algebra MAC 1105 3 Introductory Statistics STA 2023 3 Total 19 Geology (Earth
Belogay, Eugene A.
HIGH-LEVEL MULTI-STEP INVERTER OPTIMIZATION, USING A MINIMUM NUMBER OF POWER TRANSISTORS. Juan 56-41-246-999 e-mail email@example.com ABSTRACT Multilevel inverters with a large number-5]. Multi-level inverters can operate not only with PWM techniques but also with amplitude modulation (AM
Catholic University of Chile (Universidad Católica de Chile)
Exploiting Schedule Slacks for RateOptimal PowerMinimum Software Pipelining #
engineered compiler on Wattch power simulator, we observe that our approach can reduce dynamic energy consumptionExploiting Schedule Slacks for RateOptimal PowerMinimum Software Pipelining # Hongbo Yang + R systems de mand new compiler techniques geared toward both high performance and low power. Software
Gao, Guang R.
Minimum mass of moderator required for criticality of homogeneous low-enriched uranium systems
A parametric calculational analysis has been performed in order to estimate the minimum mass of moderator required for criticality of homogeneous low-enriched uranium systems. The analysis was performed using a version of the SCALE-4.0 code system and the 27-group ENDF/B-IV cross-section library. Water-moderated uranyl fluoride (UO[sub 2]F[sub 2] and H[sub 2]O) and hydrofluoric-acid-moderated uranium hexaflouride (UF[sub 6] and HF) systems were considered in the analysis over enrichments of 1.4 to 5 wt % [sup 235]U. Estimates of the minimum critical volume, minimum critical mass of uranium, and the minimum mass of moderator required for criticality are presented. There was significant disagreement between the values generated in this study when compared with a similar undocumented study performed in 1983 using ANISN and the Knight-modified Hansen-Roach cross sections. An investigation into the cause of the disagreement was made, and the results are presented.
Jordan, W.C.; Turner, J.C.
A parametric calculational analysis has been performed in order to estimate the minimum mass of moderator required for criticality of homogeneous low-enriched uranium systems. The analysis was performed using a version of the SCALE-4.0 code system and the 27-group ENDF/B-IV cross-section library. Water-moderated uranyl fluoride (UO{sub 2}F{sub 2} and H{sub 2}O) and hydrofluoric-acid-moderated uranium hexaflouride (UF{sub 6} and HF) systems were considered in the analysis over enrichments of 1.4 to 5 wt % {sup 235}U. Estimates of the minimum critical volume, minimum critical mass of uranium, and the minimum mass of moderator required for criticality are presented. There was significant disagreement between the values generated in this study when compared with a similar undocumented study performed in 1983 using ANISN and the Knight-modified Hansen-Roach cross sections. An investigation into the cause of the disagreement was made, and the results are presented.
Buffer Sizing for Minimum Energy-Delay Product by Using an Approximating Polynomial
Buffer Sizing for Minimum Energy-Delay Product by Using an Approximating Polynomial Chang Woo Kang to derive sizing rules for buffered chains, which optimize the overall energy-delay product. Categories result in a poor solution in terms of the energy-delay product. The focus of this work is on multi
Pedram, Massoud
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 8, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 2009 985 Minimum Energy Coding in
, which minimizes the total energy consumption by controlling the radio power, is developed. Numerical Networks (WSNs). Energy consumption and reliability are analyzed for two coding schemes: Minimum Energy ME with respect to energy consumption and bit error rate. It is concluded that MME is more energy
Speech enhancement using a minimum mean-square error short-time spectral modulation magnitude estimator
Speech enhancement using a minimum mean-square error short-time spectral modulation magnitude In this paper we investigate the enhancement of speech by applying MMSE short-time spectral magnitude estimation on the quality of enhanced speech, and find that this method works better with speech uncertainty. Finally we
Comparison of VLF Wave Activity in the Solar Wind During Solar Maximum and Minimum
second fast latitude scan (near the solar maximum) with the wave observations during the first fast Experiments (URAP) of Ulysses during its first orbit, which occurred when the solar activity was approachingComparison of VLF Wave Activity in the Solar Wind During Solar Maximum and Minimum: Ulysses
Achieving MinimumCost Multicast: A Decentralized Approach Based on Network Coding
, a monetary or energy cost must be paid for each link usage) and the other that applies for strictly convextopoint links, and consider the problem of minimumenergy multicast in wireless networks as well as the case generally means finding the shortest tree connecting a set of points in a directed graph; in other words
Médard, Muriel
MinimumEnergy Mobile Wireless Networks Revisited Li Li Joseph Y. Halpern
at maximum power. Transmitting at maximum power requires a great deal of energy. To minimize energy usage, we for a graph to have this minimumenergy property. We use this characterization to construct a protocol called, SMECN has lower link main tenance costs than MECN and can achieve a significant saving in energy usage
Li, Li Erran
PHYSICAL REVIEW E 85, 026115 (2012) Optimizing controllability of complex networks by minimum structural perturbations
, Beijing 100875, China 2 School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University the practical usage of our approach, its implementation elucidates, interestingly, the intricate relationship dynamics, which is based on the classical control and graph theories [911]. The basic goal of the minimum
Lai, Ying-Cheng
String method in collective variables: Minimum free energy paths and isocommittor surfaces
York University, New York, New York 10012 Giovanni Ciccottid INFM and Dipartimento di Fisica in the free energy. Provided that the number of collective variables is large enough, the new techniqueString method in collective variables: Minimum free energy paths and isocommittor surfaces Luca
Van Den Eijnden, Eric
The Potato Radius: a Lower Minimum Size for Dwarf Planets Charles H. Lineweaver & Marc Norman
The Potato Radius: a Lower Minimum Size for Dwarf Planets Charles H. Lineweaver & Marc Norman a rounded potato shape to a sphere. We derive this potato-to-sphere transition radius -- or "potato radius" -- from first principles. Using the empirical potato radii of asteroids and icy moons, we derive
Lineweaver, Charles H.
eVADER: A Perceptual Approach to Finding Minimum Warning Sound Requirements for Quiet Cars.
, such as hybrid and electric vehicles, to pedestrians has become an important issue for public policy [1], car a localization paradigm to test the detectability of hybrid and internal combustion cars by measuring listenereVADER: A Perceptual Approach to Finding Minimum Warning Sound Requirements for Quiet Cars. Ryan
Paris-Sud XI, Universit� de
A minimum-reaction-flux solution to master-equation models of protein folding
A minimum-reaction-flux solution to master-equation models of protein folding Huan-Xiang Zhoua; published online 20 May 2008 Master equations are widely used for modeling protein folding. Here- ceptual and quantitative models for protein folding.115 In such models, the conformational space
Weston, Ken
Autopilot for a Nonlinear Non-Minimum Phase Tail-Controlled Missile
Autopilot for a Nonlinear Non-Minimum Phase Tail-Controlled Missile Anshu Narang controlled missiles: 1. Exploiting the full physical capabilities of the missile system Fulfilling demanding aerodynamics is expensive and inaccurate Only certain states can be measured #12;3 Acceleration Control
Valasek, John
A Laser Range Scanner Designed for Minimum Calibration Complexity James Davis, Xing Chen
A Laser Range Scanner Designed for Minimum Calibration Complexity James Davis, Xing Chen Computer are a popular method for acquiring three-dimensional geometry due to their accuracy and robustness. Maximizing a two camera range scanner design, specifically chosen to minimize calibration complexity and cost
Stanford University
Requirements for the MINOR in Environmental Science Five courses required. Total credits = minimum of 15
Requirements for the MINOR in Environmental Science Five courses required. Total credits = minimum to Environmental Science OR NRC 100 Environment and Society OR GEO-SCI 100 Global Environmental Change Select two (2) of following four courses ENVIRSCI 213 Introduction to Environmental Policy ENVIRSCI 214
Massachusetts at Amherst, University of
Finding the Energy Efficient Curve: Gate Sizing for Minimum Power under Delay Constraints
Finding the Energy Efficient Curve: Gate Sizing for Minimum Power under Delay Constraints Yoni in a fast circuit by the same factor does not yield an energy-efficient design, and we characterize efficient. A design implementation is considered to be energy efficient when it has the highest performance
Kolodny, Avinoam
The Blob Code is Competitive with EdgeSets in Genetic Algorithms for the Minimum
with those of, a GA that encodes spanning trees as edge-sets on Euclidean instances of the minimum rout- ing Spanning Tree Problem Bryant A. Julstrom Department of Computer Science St. Cloud State University St. Cloud, MN, 56301 USA firstname.lastname@example.com ABSTRACT Among the many codings of spanning trees
Julstrom, Bryant A.
The minimum circuity frontier and the journey to work David Levinson a,
The minimum circuity frontier and the journey to work David Levinson a, , Ahmed El-Geneidy b,1 economic theory, this suggests locators wish to locate on the frontier with the largest residential lot to be uniform, we cannot assume that all possible homework pairs are on the frontier. This finding, developed
Levinson, David M.
LOWER BOUNDS ON THE GLOBAL MINIMUM OF A POLYNOMIAL M. GHASEMI, J.B. LASSERRE, M. MARSHALL Abstract. We extend the method of Ghasemi and Marshall [SIAM. J. Opt. 22(2) (2012), pp 460-473], to obtain compare this bound with the (global) lower bound fgp ob- tained by Ghasemi and Marshall, and also
Marshall, Murray
Power Controlled Minimum Frame Length Scheduling in TDMA Wireless Networks with
Power Controlled Minimum Frame Length Scheduling in TDMA Wireless Networks with Sectored Antennas controlled min- imum frame length scheduling for TDMA wireless networks. Given a set of one-hop transmission scheduling and power control was first addressed by Tamer and Ephremides in [1, 2]. Given a set of one
Arabshahi, Payman
The stackelberg minimum spanning tree game on planar and bounded-treewidth graphs
The Stackelberg Minimum Spanning Tree Game is a two-level combinatorial pricing problem introduced at WADS�07. The game is played on a graph, whose edges are colored either red or blue, and where the red edges have a given ...
Cardinal, Jean
BME BIOMEDICAL IMAGING CONCENTRATION F12 MS: 30 total credit hours minimum
BME BIOMEDICAL IMAGING CONCENTRATION F12 MS: 30 total credit hours minimum Advisor: Luis Hernandez-Garcia, Ph.D. (firstname.lastname@example.com) Biomedical Imaging: BIOMEDE 5161 Medical Imaging Systems (3) (I)2 General: BIOMEDE 500 Biomedical Engineering Seminar (1) (I,II) BIOMEDE 550 Ethics and Enterprise (1) (I
Kamat, Vineet R.
BME BIOMEDICAL IMAGING CONCENTRATION F11 MS: 30 total credit hours minimum
BME BIOMEDICAL IMAGING CONCENTRATION F11 MS: 30 total credit hours minimum Advisor: Luis Hernandez-Garcia, Ph.D. (firstname.lastname@example.com) Biomedical Imaging: BIOMEDE 5161 Medical Imaging Systems (3) (I)2 General: BIOMEDE 500 Biomedical Engineering Seminar (1) (I,II) BIOMEDE 550 Ethics and Enterprise (1) (I
Eustice, Ryan
Nuclear Data Verification and Standardization
The objective of this interagency program is to provide accurate neutron interaction verification and standardization data for the U.S. Department of Energy Division of Nuclear Physics programs which include astrophysics, radioactive beam studies, and heavy-ion reactions. The measurements made in this program are also useful to other programs that indirectly use the unique properties of the neutron for diagnostic and analytical purposes. These include homeland security, personnel health and safety, nuclear waste disposal, treaty verification, national defense, and nuclear based energy production. The work includes the verification of reference standard cross sections and related neutron data employing the unique facilities and capabilities at NIST and other laboratories as required; leadership and participation in international intercomparisons and collaborations; and the preservation of standard reference deposits. An essential element of the program is critical evaluation of neutron interaction data standards including international coordinations. Data testing of critical data for important applications is included. The program is jointly supported by the Department of Energy and the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
Karam, Lisa R.; Arif, Muhammad; Thompson, Alan K.
Cleaning the Bathwater with the Baby: The Health Co-Benefits of Carbon Pricing in Transportation
Efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the US have relied on Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards and Renewable Fuel Standards (RFS). Economists often argue that these policies are inefficient relative ...
Knittel, Christopher R,
Changes in release cycles for EIA's
light-duty vehicle greenhouse gas and fuel economy standards for model years 2017 to 2025 Energy intensity trends in AEO2010 Energy impacts of proposed CAFE standards for...
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) - Sector
Avatars of Participants in Anticipatory Standardization Processes
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Information Technology: American National Standard for Information
Information Technology: American National Standard for Information Systems-- Data Format-271 Information Technology: American National Standard for Information Systems-- Data Format for the Interchange Sponsored by Information Access Division Information Technology Laboratory National Institute of Standards
Version Auteur Monitoring the International Standardization Process
organizations are in charge of global security management. To address this issue, ISO (International Standards Organization), the main international organization for technical standardization, has launched a set of studiesVersion Auteur Monitoring the International Standardization Process Theoretical Choices
The Bachelor of Management degree in International Management is a minimum of 40 courses in length. Admission to the Faculty may occur at the end of Year One. Students are required to have completed the following courses, with a minimum
*Management 4640 - Cross-Cultural Work Study Four courses at the 3000/4000 level from any faculty A minimumThe Bachelor of Management degree in International Management is a minimum of 40 courses in length) and Statistics 1770. Admission to Management programs is competitive and is based on academic achievement prior
Seldin, Jonathan P.
Residential ventilation standards scoping study
The goals of this scoping study are to identify research needed to develop improved ventilation standards for California's Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards. The 2008 Title 24 Standards are the primary target for the outcome of this research, but this scoping study is not limited to that timeframe. We prepared this scoping study to provide the California Energy Commission with broad and flexible options for developing a research plan to advance the standards. This document presents the findings of a scoping study commissioned by the Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) program of the California Energy Commission to determine what research is necessary to develop new residential ventilation requirements for California. This study is one of three companion efforts needed to complete the job of determining the ventilation needs of California residences, determining the bases for setting residential ventilation requirements, and determining appropriate ventilation technologies to meet these needs and requirements in an energy efficient manner. Rather than providing research results, this scoping study identifies important research questions along with the level of effort necessary to address these questions and the costs, risks, and benefits of pursuing alternative research questions. In approaching these questions and corresponding levels of effort, feasibility and timing were important considerations. The Commission has specified Summer 2005 as the latest date for completing this research in time to update the 2008 version of California's Energy Code (Title 24).
McKone, Thomas E.; Sherman, Max H.
of America 120 Wall Street, 32nd Floor New York, New York 10005-3993 ANSI S1.15-1997/Part 1 ANSIS1/15/11, 08:47:38 Reaffirmed by ANSI July 10, 2001 Reaffirmed by ANSI March 21, 2006 Reaffirmed by ANSI April 8, 2011 #12;The American National Standards Institute, Inc. (ANSI) is the na- tional coordinator
Allen, Jont
Standard Two: Planning and Evaluation
13 Standard Two: Planning and Evaluation Overview Brandeis University's goals are to sustain committed to reflection, analysis, and evaluation, Brandeis has engaged over the past decade and a half Thier's 1992 Reestablishing Academic and Economic Equilibrium, and President Reinharz's 1996 Brandeis
Status of state and local adoption of energy standards for new commercial buildings
This paper presents a summary of building energy standards adoption by state and major local governments and how the standards apply to new commercial buildings. Numerous public and private sector agencies and organizations develop energy standards and codes for commercial buildings. These documents serve, among others, state and local legislators and regulators who are interested in requiring their use to reduce the energy consumption of new commercial buildings. Through adoption or adaptation of these documents by state or local governments, minimum acceptable design and construction criteria for new commercial buildings are established in law. The energy standard or code adopted, or used as a basis for a state developed standard, may be any one of a number of documents. The authority of the state to regulate construction may apply throughout the entire state, only to a few types of buildings, or may be absent, in which case local government has regulatory authority. The means of adoption may be by legislation, regulation, municipal code, or other legal vehicle. At the present time there are widespread differences in the energy standards adopted by state and local government and the application of these standards to new commercial buildings.
Boulin, J.J. [USDOE, Washington, DC (United States); Conover, D.R. [Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)
Q. For the 2005 Standards there is a new compliance credit for "ducts buried in attic insulation." What must be done to qualify for that credit?
Q. For the 2005 Standards there is a new compliance credit for "ducts buried in attic insulation installation of insulation and duct sealing. When taking the buried duct credit, a minimum of R-30 insulation-4.2 duct insulation. Only the portions of duct runs that are directly on or within 3.5 inches
Remarks on the Hylleraas-Undheim and MacDonald Higher Roots, And Functional Having Local Minimum at The Excited States
The excited states, being energy saddle points in the Hamiltonian eigenfunction Hilbert space, cannot be computed variationally by minimization of the energy. Thus, functionals are presented, that have local minimum at the bound excited states of a non-degenerate Hamiltonian, allowing the computation at any desired accuracy, by using crude approximations of the lower lying states. They are useful for larger systems, because the higher roots of the standard secular equation have, by the Hylleraas-Undheim and MacDonald theorem, several restrictions, which render them of lower quality relative to the lowest root, if the latter is good enough. Preliminary test-results are presented for He {sup 1}S 1s2s.
Bacalis, N. C.; Xiong, Z.; Karaoulanis, D. [Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Vasileos Constantinou 48, GR-116 35 Athens (Greece)
Enforcement Policy Statement: Regional Standards Enforcement...
which set forth amended energy conservation standards for central air conditioners and heat pumps, including regional standards in certain States. 76 FR 37408. DOE has initiated...
Technical Standards Newsletter - August 2007 | Department of...
Published 1 Non-Government Standards Actions 1 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 1 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 2 ASTM International 2 American...
Standardization of Transport Properties Measurements: Internal...
Standardization of Transport Properties Measurements: Internal Energy Agency (IEA-AMT) Annex on Thermoelectric Standardization of Transport Properties Measurements: Internal Energy...
Ambient Air Quality Standards (New Jersey)
This article lists specific standards for ambient air quality standards for particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, lead and nitrogen dioxide.
Appliance and Equipment Energy Efficiency Standards
An Introduction to SAE Hydrogen Fueling Standardization
SAE H2 Fueling Standardization 5 SAE HYDROGEN FUELING STANDARDIZATION Jesse Schneider (BMW) SAE J2601 & J2799 Sponsor SAE INTERNATIONAL *Hydrogen Fueling Background *SAE H2...
Issuance Appliance Standards and Rulemaking Federal Advisory Committee (ASRAC) - Central Air Conditioner Regional Standards Enforcement Working Group; Notice of Open Meetings...
Standards & Testing NIST has a long history of advancing standards and
Standards & Testing NIST has a long history of advancing standards and the use of technology's healthcare arena. Overview NIST supports health IT standards development and facilitates interoperability through its standards and testing research initiatives. NIST research efforts contribute
Social Responsibility Standards: A Quick Glimpse Although efforts to establish measurements, standards and certifications related to
: ISO Standard 24000--Social Responsibility: The International Organization current apply FSC standards for forest management. International Organic for Standardization is developing an international standard of voluntary guidelines for social
A Stable Whole Building Performance Method for Standard 90.1
Wouldn�t it be great if a single energy model could be used to demonstrate minimum code compliance, green code compliance, establish a Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating, and determine eligibility for federal tax and utility incentives? Even better, what if the basic rules for creating those models did not change every few years? This paper descibes a recently proposed addendum to ASHRAE/ANSI/IES Standard 90.1 aims to meet those goals. Addendum BM establishes the Performance Rating Method found in Appendix G of Standard 90.1 as a new method of compliance while maintaining its traditional use in gauging the efficiency of beyond code buildings. Furthermore, Addendum BM sets a common baseline building that does not change with each update to the standard.
Rosenberg, Michael I.; Eley, Charles
Device Sizing for Minimum Energy Operation in Subthreshold Circuits Benton H. Calhoun, Alice Wang, and Anantha Chandrakasan
for Minimum Energy Sizing influences the energy consumption of a circuit in two primary ways. First, sizing have low energy as the primary concern instead of performance. Minimum energy operation for low directly affects energy consumption by changing switched capacitance and leakage current. Sec- ondly
Calhoun, Benton H.
Design Considerations for an On-Demand Minimum Energy Routing Protocol for a Wireless Ad Hoc Network
1 Design Considerations for an On-Demand Minimum Energy Routing Protocol for a Wireless Ad Hoc- demand minimum energy routing protocol and suggests mechanisms for their implementation. We highlight of an 'energy aware' link cache for storing this information. We also compare the performance of an on-demand
Optimal design and allocation of electrified vehicles and dedicated charging infrastructure for minimum life cycle greenhouse gas emissions and cost
for minimum life cycle greenhouse gas emissions and cost Elizabeth Traut a,n , Chris Hendrickson b,1 , Erica and dedicated workplace charging infrastructure in the fleet for minimum life cycle cost or GHG emissions over vehicle and battery costs are the major drivers for PHEVs and BEVs to enter and dominate the cost
Michalek, Jeremy J.
Estimate of Cost-Effective Potential for Minimum Efficiency Performance Standards in 13 Major World Economies Energy Savings, Environmental and Financial Impacts
inclusion of the social cost of carbon impact the evaluationinclusion of the social cost of carbon impact the evaluation
Initiative, IEA Electric Motor Systems Workshop, Paris. BV,Electric Motors ..X X X X X X X X X X X Electric Motors AC = air conditioning;
Fans Lighting Refrigerators and Freezers Space Heating Our2011b. Refrigerator, Refrigerator-Freezer and Freezers Final2011c. Refrigerator, Refrigerator-Freezer and Freezers Final
lighting, we assume that incandescent bulbs have a one-yeargigaton Indonesia India incandescent Lamp Japan Koreaprice data for 60-watt incandescent bulbs, excluding non-
systems for which heat pump water heaters are found to beachieved by 2030. Heat-pump water heaters, which represent aU.S. and the EU. Heat-pump water heaters have a high cost
Global Minimum Determination of the Born-Oppenheimer Surface within Density Functional Theory
We present a novel method, which we refer to as the dual minima hopping method, that allows us to find the global minimum of the potential energy surface (PES) within density functional theory for systems where a fast but less accurate calculation of the PES is possible. This method can rapidly find the ground state configuration of clusters and other complex systems with present day computer power by performing a systematic search. We apply the new method to silicon clusters. Even though these systems have already been extensively studied by other methods, we find new global minimum candidates for Si{sub 16} and Si{sub 19}, as well as new low-lying isomers for Si{sub 16}, Si{sub 17}, and Si{sub 18}.
Goedecker, Stefan; Hellmann, Waldemar; Lenosky, Thomas [Institut fuer Physik, Universitaet Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel (Switzerland); Physics Department, Ohio State University, 1040 Physics Research Building, 191 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1117 (United States)
On the minimum and maximum mass of neutron stars and the delayed collapse
The minimum and maximum mass of protoneutron stars and neutron stars are investigated. The hot dense matter is described by relativistic (including hyperons) and non-relativistic equations of state. We show that the minimum mass ($\\sim$ 0.88 - 1.28 $M_{\\sun}$) of a neutron star is determined by the earliest stage of its evolution and is nearly unaffected by the presence of hyperons. The maximum mass of a neutron star is limited by the protoneutron star or hot neutron star stage. Further we find that the delayed collapse of a neutron star into a black hole during deleptonization is not only possible for equations of state with softening components, as for instance, hyperons, meson condensates etc., but also for neutron stars with a pure nucleonic-leptonic equation of state.
Strobel, K; Strobel, Klaus; Weigel, Manfred K.
Klaus Strobel; Manfred K. Weigel
Communication: Minimum in the thermal conductivity of supercooled water: A computer simulation study
We report the results of a computer simulation study of the thermodynamic properties and the thermal conductivity of supercooled water as a function of pressure and temperature using the TIP4P-2005 water model. The thermodynamic properties can be represented by a two-structure equation of state consistent with the presence of a liquid-liquid critical point in the supercooled region. Our simulations confirm the presence of a minimum in the thermal conductivity, not only at atmospheric pressure, as previously found for the TIP5P water model, but also at elevated pressures. This anomalous behavior of the thermal conductivity of supercooled water appears to be related to the maximum of the isothermal compressibility or the minimum of the speed of sound. However, the magnitudes of the simulated thermal conductivities are sensitive to the water model adopted and appear to be significantly larger than the experimental thermal conductivities of real water at low temperatures.
Bresme, F., E-mail: email@example.com [Chemical Physics Section, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom and Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491 (Norway); Biddle, J. W.; Sengers, J. V.; Anisimov, M. A. [Institute for Physical Science and Technology, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742 (United States)] [Institute for Physical Science and Technology, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742 (United States)
A minimum hypothesis explanation for an IMF with a lognormal body and power law tail
We present a minimum hypothesis model for an IMF that resembles a lognormal distribution at low masses but has a distinct power-law tail. Even if the central limit theorem ensures a lognormal distribution of condensation masses at birth, a power-law tail in the distribution arises due to accretion from the ambient cloud, coupled with a non-uniform (exponential) distribution of accretion times.
Shantanu Basu; C. E. Jones
Feedback control design for smooth, near-minimum time rotational maneuvers of flexible spacecraft
' Rest ? to-Rest Maneuver LQR Control: 15' Rest ? to-Rest Maneuver Initial Displacement Angle vs. Maneuver Time Minimum Time and LQR Control Control Profiles and Frequency Spectra Smoothing Functions Smooth Feedback Control with Parabolic Switching... is approximated by the hyperbolic tangent (tanh) function. The parabolic switching line associated with the rigid body control is replaced by one which, also using the hyperbolic tangent function, exploits the symmetry of the rigid body state trajectory about...
Byers, Robert Michael
The solar magnetic activity cycle causes changes in the Sun on timescales that are equivalent to human lifetimes. The minimum solar activity that preceded the current solar cycle (cycle 24) was deeper and quieter than any other recent minimum. Using data from the Birmingham Solar Oscillations Network (BiSON), we show that the structure of the solar sub-surface layers during the descending phase of the preceding cycle (cycle 23) was very different from that during cycle 22. This leads us to believe that a detailed examination of the data would have led to the prediction that the cycle 24 minimum would be out of the ordinary. The behavior of the oscillation frequencies allows us to infer that changes in the Sun that affected the oscillation frequencies in cycle 23 were localized mainly to layers above about 0.996 R{sub Sun }, depths shallower than about 3000 km. In cycle 22, on the other hand, the changes must have also occurred in the deeper-lying layers.
Basu, Sarbani [Department of Astronomy, Yale University, P.O. Box 208101, New Haven, CT 06520-8101 (United States); Broomhall, Anne-Marie; Chaplin, William J.; Elsworth, Yvonne, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT (United Kingdom)
Free Magnetic Energy in Solar Active Regions above the Minimum-Energy Relaxed State
To understand the physics of solar flares, including the local reorganisation of the magnetic field and the acceleration of energetic particles, we have first to estimate the free magnetic energy available for such phenomena, which can be converted into kinetic and thermal energy. The free magnetic energy is the excess energy of a magnetic configuration compared to the minimum-energy state, which is a linear force-free field if the magnetic helicity of the configuration is conserved. We investigate the values of the free magnetic energy estimated from either the excess energy in extrapolated fields or the magnetic virial theorem. For four different active regions, we have reconstructed the nonlinear force-free field and the linear force-free field corresponding to the minimum-energy state. The free magnetic energies are then computed. From the energy budget and the observed magnetic activity in the active region, we conclude that the free energy above the minimum-energy state gives a better estimate and more insights into the flare process than the free energy above the potential field state.
S. Regnier; E. R. Priest
DOE limited standard: Operations assessments
Purpose of this standard is to provide DOE Field Element assessors with a guide for conducting operations assessments, and provide DOE Field Element managers with the criteria of the EM Operations Assessment Program. Sections 6.1 to 6.21 provide examples of how to assess specific areas; the general techniques of operations assessments (Section 5) may be applied to other areas of health and safety (e.g. fire protection, criticality safety, quality assurance, occupational safety, etc.).
Physics Beyond the Standard Model
I present a brief overview of some exciting possibilities for physics Beyond the Standard Model. I include short discussions of neutrino physics, the strong CP problem and axions, GUTs, large and warped extra dimensions, Little Higgs models and supersymmetry. The chances appear excellent that in the next few years-- as the LHC era gets underway-- data from a bevy of experiments will point the way to a new paradigm for the laws of physics as we know them.
Howard Baer
Are Standard Solar Models Reliable?
The sound speeds of solar models that include element diffusion agree with helioseismological measurements to a rms discrepancy of better than 0.2% throughout almost the entire sun. Models that do not include diffusion, or in which the interior of the sun is assumed to be significantly mixed, are effectively ruled out by helioseismology. Standard solar models predict the measured properties of the sun more accurately than is required for applications involving solar neutrinos.
John N. Bahcall; M. H. Pinsonneault; Sarbani Basu; J. Christensen-Dalsgaard
Physics beyond the standard model
The author briefly summarizes the prospects for extending the understanding of physics beyond the standard model within the next five years. He interprets ``beyond the standard model'' to mean the physics of electroweak symmetry breaking, including the standard model Higgs boson. The nature of this TeV-scale new physics is perhaps the most crucial question facing high-energy physics, but one should recall (neutrino oscillations) that there is ample evidence for interesting physics in the flavour section too. In the next five years, before the LHC starts operations, the facilities available will be LEP2, HERA and the Fermilab Tevatron. He devotes a bit more time to the Tevatron as it is a new initiative for United Kingdom institutions. The Tevatron schedule now calls for data taking in Run II, using two upgraded detectors, to begin on March 1, 2001, with 2 fb{sup {minus}1} accumulated in the first two years. A nine-month shutdown will follow, to allow new silicon detector layers to be installed, and then running will resume with a goal of accumulating 15 fb{sup {minus}1} (or more) by 2006.
Womersley, J.
Standardization in Technology-Based Markets
Standardization in Technology-Based Markets Gregory Tassey Senior Economist National Institute of Standards and Technology (email@example.com) June 1999 [Forthcoming in Research Policy] #12;Standardization in Technology-Based Markets Gregory Tassey1 Senior Economist, National Institute of Standards and Technology
Standards and Procedures for Promotion and Tenure
Appendix C Standards and Procedures for Promotion and Tenure I. Preamble This document sets forth standards and procedures for faculty promotions and appointments to tenure. These standards and procedures by university needs, plans, and resources. II. Standards The criteria outlined below are, of necessity
Heller, Barbara
Standard Insurance Company 1100 SW Sixth Avenue
Standard Insurance Company 1100 SW Sixth Avenue Portland OR 97204 www.standard.com Electronic Evidence Of Insurability Save Time: Provide Medical History Statements Online Standard Insurance Company is complete, allowing The Standard to begin the underwriting process immediately. The Web form is secure
Block, Louis
Selected Intellectual Property Issues in Standardization
Selected Intellectual Property Issues in Standardization Martin B.H. Weiss Michael B. Spring of a standard: development, where the content of the standard is created; distribution, where documentation on the standard is shared with the vendor and user community; and implementation, where products and processes
Spring, Michael B.
Environmental Health and Safety Standard Operating
laser safety in the laboratory while others are required by the ANSI Z136.1 laser safety standard of Radiation MPE Maximum Permissible Exposure as listed in ANSI Z136.1 standard. The maximum allowed exposure to the eye or skin to laser radiation. ANSI Z136.1 The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard
Davis, H. Floyd
Technical Standards Newsletter - November 2007 | Department of...
Actions ... 2 *American National Standards Institute (ANSI) ... 2 *American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)...
Technical Standards Newsletter - October 2007 | Department of...
Technical Standards Newsletter - October 2006 | Department of...
Technical Standards Newsletter - November 2006 | Department of...
Technical Standards Newsletter - February 2008 | Department of...
Facilities at a Glance Undergraduate Standard Shared
Facilities at a Glance Undergraduate Room Type Standard Shared Standard Enhanced Standard Catered Standard En-suite Enhanced En-suite Catered En-suite Studio No. of Bedspaces 46 827 792 125 463 348 92 32 Residential Area Eastwood, John Wood Court, John Wood Building Eastwood, John Wood Court, Carpenter, Osborne
Forests / Climate changeStandards persp ctive
at implementing collective action, private actors � multinational companies and NGOs � are developing standards the privatisation of sustainable development policy. Yet private standards and public regulations are often with the proliferation of standards, it became necessary to codify the way standards were developed. These private
Standard Templates Adaptive Parallel Library
]. STAPL &s v, nuen m a simple extension of the C++ hingu. & e f1. 4f which prov&dcs a SPMD motlel of' parallelism that maps easily onto distnbuted sharcd- memory sys&ems (e. g, HP V-class, SGI Power Challenge o& networks of workstations using Tread... () uses the schcduler to dispatch the per-processor segments of the container to the processors. Figure 2 show the relations between the STAPL components. 2. 2 Related %'ork 2. 2. 1 Parallel Standard Template I. ibrary The HPC+ i consortium h...
Arzu, Francisco Jose
Cost Estimating, Analysis, and Standardization
To establish policy and responsibilities for: (a) developing and reviewing project cost estimates; (b) preparing independent cost estimates and analysis; (c) standardizing cost estimating procedures; and (d) improving overall cost estimating and analytical techniques, cost data bases, cost and economic escalation models, and cost estimating systems. Cancels DOE O 5700.2B, dated 8-5-1983; DOE O 5700.8, dated 5-27-1981; and HQ 1130.1A, dated 12-30-1981. Canceled by DOE O 5700.2D, dated 6-12-1992
Standard Solar | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 No revisionEnvReviewNonInvasiveExplorationUT-g GrantAtlas (PACA RegionSpringview IISt. Mary's WindName: StandardSolar
Active DOE Technical Standards Projects
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious Rank EERE:YearRound-Up fromDepartment of Energy 601DepartmentContract.4 (February 2038TECHNICAL STANDARDS
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary)morphinanInformation Desert SouthwestTechnologies |November 2011A FirstEMSL ShellA Standard for Neuroscience
Computed Tomography software and standards
This document establishes the software design, nomenclature, and conventions for industrial Computed Tomography (CT) used in the Nondestructive Evaluation Section at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. It is mainly a users guide to the technical use of the CT computer codes, but also presents a proposed standard for describing CT experiments and reconstructions. Each part of this document specifies different aspects of the CT software organization. A set of tables at the end describes the CT parameters of interest in our project. 4 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab.
Azevedo, S.G.; Martz, H.E.; Skeate, M.F.; Schneberk, D.J.; Roberson, G.P.
1998 federal technical standards workshop: Proceedings
The theme for the 1998 workshop was Standards Management -- A World of Change and Opportunities. The workshop`s goal was to further the implementation of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (Public Law 104-113) through the sharing of standards management success stories, lessons learned, and emerging initiatives within the Executive Branch of the Federal Government. The target audience for this workshop included agency/department and contractor personnel and representatives of standards developing organizations that either used technical standards in their work for the Federal Government of participated in standards writing/management activities in support of the missions and programs of Federal agencies/departments. As with previous standards workshops sponsored by the DOE, views on the technical subject areas under the workshop theme were solicited from and provided by agency Standards Executives and standards program managers, voluntary standards organizations, and the private sector. This report includes vugraphs of the presentations.
Issues in Purchasing and Maintaining Intrinsic Standards
Intrinsic standards are widely used in the metrology community because they realize the best level uncertainty for many metrology parameters. For some intrinsic standards, recommended practices have been developed to assist metrologists in the selection of equipment and the development of appropriate procedures in order to realize the intrinsic standard. As with the addition of any new standard, the metrology laboratory should consider the pros and cons relative to their needs before purchasing the standard so that the laboratory obtains the maximum benefit from setting up and maintaining these standards. While the specific issues that need to be addressed depend upon the specific intrinsic standard and the level of realization, general issues that should be considered include ensuring that the intrinsic standard is compatible with the laboratory environment, that the standard is compatible with the current and future workload, and whether additional support standards will be required in order to properly maintain the intrinsic standard. When intrinsic standards are used to realize the best level of uncertainty for a specific metrology parameter, they usually require critical and important maintenance activities. These activities can including training of staff in the system operation, as well as safety procedures; performing periodic characterization measurements to ensure proper system operation; carrying out periodic intercomparisons with similar intrinsic standards so that proper operation is demonstrated; and maintaining control or trend charts of system performance. This paper has summarized many of these important issues and therefore should be beneficial to any laboratory that is considering the purchase of an intrinsic standard.
Noncommutative Standard Model: Model Building
A noncommutative version of the usual electro-weak theory is constructed. We discuss how to overcome the two major problems: 1) although we can have noncommutative U(n) (which we denote by $U_{\\star}(n)$) gauge theory we cannot have noncommutative SU(n) and 2) the charges in noncommutative QED are quantized to just $0, \\pm 1$. We show how the problem with charge quantization, as well as with the gauge group, can be resolved by taking $U_{\\star}(3)\\times U_{\\star}(2)\\times U_{\\star}(1)$ gauge group and reducing the extra U(1) factors in an appropriate way. Then we proceed with building the noncommutative version of the standard model by specifying the proper representations for the entire particle content of the theory, the gauge bosons, the fermions and Higgs. We also present the full action for the noncommutative Standard Model (NCSM). In addition, among several peculiar features of our model, we address the {\\it inherent} CP violation and new neutrino interactions.
M. Chaichian; P. Presnajder; M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari; A. Tureanu
Financial Aid Standards for SAP Page 1 Financial Aid Standards for
Financial Aid Standards for SAP Page 1 Financial Aid Standards for Satisfactory Academic Progress Affects Your Financial Aid Eligibility Updated February 2012 #12;Financial Aid Standards for SAP Page 2 Standards Progress Review Appeal Process Probation Denied Appeals Reinstatement #12;Financial Aid Standards
Leistikow, Bruce N.
International accounting standardization : the institutional legitimacy of a private standards setters
1 International accounting standardization : the institutional legitimacy of a private standards standards. Firstly, we examine the need for harmonisation of accounting standards in particular to maintain the internal and external sources of legitimacy and analyses the legitimacy of the International Standard
Voluntary Product Standard PS 20-10 American Softwood Lumber Standard
#12;Voluntary Product Standard PS 20-10 American Softwood Lumber Standard Supersedes Voluntary Product Standard PS 20-05 June 2010 U.S. Department of Commerce Gary Locke, Secretary National Institute of Standards and Technology Patrick D. Gallagher, Director #12;National Institute of Standards & Technology
We report new measurements of the elemental energy spectra and composition of galactic cosmic rays during the 2009-2010 solar minimum period using observations from the Cosmic Ray Isotope Spectrometer (CRIS) onboard the Advanced Composition Explorer. This period of time exhibited record-setting cosmic-ray intensities and very low levels of solar activity. Results are given for particles with nuclear charge 5 {<=} Z {<=} 28 in the energy range {approx}50-550 MeV nucleon{sup -1}. Several recent improvements have been made to the earlier CRIS data analysis, and therefore updates of our previous observations for the 1997-1998 solar minimum and 2001-2003 solar maximum are also given here. For most species, the reported intensities changed by less than {approx}7%, and the relative abundances changed by less than {approx}4%. Compared with the 1997-1998 solar minimum relative abundances, the 2009-2010 abundances differ by less than 2{sigma}, with a trend of fewer secondary species observed in the more recent time period. The new 2009-2010 data are also compared with results of a simple ''leaky-box'' galactic transport model combined with a spherically symmetric solar modulation model. We demonstrate that this model is able to give reasonable fits to the energy spectra and the secondary-to-primary ratios B/C and (Sc+Ti+V)/Fe. These results are also shown to be comparable to a GALPROP numerical model that includes the effects of diffusive reacceleration in the interstellar medium.
Lave, K. A.; Binns, W. R.; Israel, M. H. [Department of Physics and the McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130 (United States); Wiedenbeck, M. E. [Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109 (United States); Christian, E. R.; De Nolfo, G. A.; Von Rosenvinge, T. T. [NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States); Cummings, A. C.; Davis, A. J.; Leske, R. A.; Mewaldt, R. A.; Stone, E. C. [California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States)
Correlation in fermion or boson systems as the minimum of entropy relative to all free states
In the context of many-fermion systems, "correlation" refers to the inadequacy of an independent-particle model. Using "free" states as archetypes of our independent-particle model, we have proposed a measure of correlation that we called "nonfreeness" [Int. J. Quant. Inf. 5, 815 (2007)]. The nonfreeness of a many-fermion state was defined to be its entropy relative to the unique free state with the same 1-matrix. In this article, we prove that the nonfreeness of a state is the minimum of its entropy relative to all free states. We also extend the definition of nonfreeness to many-boson states and discuss a couple of examples.
Alex D. Gottlieb; Norbert J. Mauser
The secondary minimum in YY Her: Evidence for a tidally distorted giant
We present and analyze quiescent UBVRI light curves of the classical symbiotic binary YY Her. We show that the secondary minimum, which is clearly visible only in the quiescent VRI light curves, is due to ellipsoidal variability of the red giant component. Our simple light curve analysis, by fitting of the Fourier cosine series, resulted in a self-consistent phenomenological model of YY Her, in which the periodic changes can be described by a combination of the ellipsoidal changes and a sinusoidal changes of the nebular continuum and line emission.
J. Mikolajewska; E. A. Kolotilov; S. Yu. Shugarov; B. F. Yudin
A Mandated Minimum Competency Testing Program and Its Impact on Learning Disabled Students: Curricular Validity and Comparative Performances
In this study, LD specialists, regular class teachers, and parents of LD students judged that the objectives of the Kansas Minimum Competency Specifications prescribed for nonhandicapped students were applicable to LD ...
Meyen, Edward L.; Alley, Gordon R.; Scannell, Dale P.; Harnden, G. Mack; Miller, Kelly F.
Determining Reserves in Low Permeability and Layered Reservoirs Using the Minimum Terminal Decline Rate Method: How Good are the Predictions?
Shale completions of the type which have been widely utilized since 2004. There is insufficient production history from real wells to determine an appropriate minimum terminal decline rate. In the absence of suitable analogs for the determination...
McMillan, Marcia Donna
Diversity and Spatial Distribution of Hydrazine Oxidoreductase (hzo) Gene in the Oxygen Minimum Zone Off Costa Rica
Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) as an important nitrogen loss pathway has been reported in marine oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), but the community composition and spatial distribution of anammox bacteria in the eastern ...
Kong, Liangliang
Revised 4/9/2013 SERVE STANDARDS
-mails, with a minimum of an acknowledgement by the next business day. If an e-mail request is expected to take longer than the next business day, the acknowledgement will provide a date when the requested information and acknowledges that s/he can address the issue. Value I will exhibit behavior that reflects courtesy
Harms, Kyle E.
New and revised standards for coke production
The need for new and revised standards for coke production in Ukraine and Russia is outlined. Such standards should address improvements in plant operation, working conditions, environmental protection, energy conservation, fire and explosion safety, and economic indices.
G.A. Kotsyuba; M.I. Alpatov; Y.G. Shapoval [Giprokoks, the State Institute for the Design of Coke-Industry Enterprises, Kharkov (Ukraine)
Status of Revisions to ASHRAE Standard 62
occupancies. This standard has also been cited in court to help demonstrate compliance with state-of the- art indoor environmental design. In August 1996, ASHRAE released for public review Standard 62-1989R, the highly controversial proposed revisions...
Gallo, F. M.
Information Technology: American National Standard for
Information Technology: American National Standard for Information Systems-- Data Format Publication 500-245 Information Technology: American National Standard for Information Systems-- Data Format for the Interchange of Fingerprint, Facial, & Scar Mark & Tattoo (SMT) Information Sponsored by Information Technology
Information Technology: American National Standard for Information Systems-- Data Format 500-275 Information Technology: American National Standard for Information Systems-- Data Format Coleman, and Patrice Yuh, Editors Sponsored by Information Access Division Information Technology
Optimizing secure communication standards for disadvantaged networks
We present methods for optimizing standardized cryptographic message protocols for use on disadvantaged network links. We first provide an assessment of current secure communication message packing standards and their ...
Okano, Stephen Hiroshi
Late standardization and technological catch-up
In this study, we examine the process of "late standardization," in which latecomers engage in standards activities in order to move towards and beyond the technological frontier. Based on case studies of latecomers in the ...
Ratanawaraha, Apiwat, 1972-
.................................................................................... 21 1.2.4. Food irradiation ....1 FOOD STANDARDS AGENCY SCOTTISH ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION AGENCY Radioactivity in Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science on behalf of the Food Standards Agency and the Scottish Environment
Nanoparticle Measurements and Standards for Biomedical and
Nanoparticle Measurements and Standards for Biomedical and Health Applications NANOMATERIALS Our consensus standards for characterization of biomedical nanoparticles are currently under development within for the biomedical and EHS sectors. Approach Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory Taking therapeutic
The Building Standard (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 1964�
STATUTORY INSTRUMENTS 1964 No. 802 (S. 50) BUILDING AND BUILDINGS The Building Standards (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 1964...
Noble, Michael
of the National Energy Laboratories Buildings Home About Emerging Technologies Residential Buildings Commercial Buildings Appliance & Equipment Standards Building Energy Codes...
1996 DOE technical standards program workshop: Proceedings
The workshop theme is `The Strategic Standardization Initiative - A Technology Exchange and Global Competitiveness Challenge for DOE.` The workshop goal is to inform the DOE technical standards community of strategic standardization activities taking place in the Department, other Government agencies, standards developing organizations, and industry. Individuals working on technical standards will be challenged to improve cooperation and communications with the involved organizations in response to the initiative. Workshop sessions include presentations by representatives from various Government agencies that focus on coordination among and participation of Government personnel in the voluntary standards process; reports by standards organizations, industry, and DOE representatives on current technology exchange programs; and how the road ahead appears for `information superhighway` standardization. Another session highlights successful standardization case studies selected from several sites across the DOE complex. The workshop concludes with a panel discussion on the goals and objectives of the DOE Technical Standards Program as envisioned by senior DOE management. The annual workshop on technical standards has proven to be an effective medium for communicating information related to standards throughout the DOE community. Technical standards are used to transfer technology and standardize work processes to produce consistent, acceptable results. They provide a practical solution to the Department`s challenge to protect the environment and the health and safety of the public and workers during all facility operations. Through standards, the technologies of industries and governments worldwide are available to DOE. The DOE Technical Standards Program, a Department-wide effort that crosscuts all organizations and disciplines, links the Department to those technologies.
Apparatus and method for closed-loop control of reactor power in minimum time
Closed-loop control law for altering the power level of nuclear reactors in a safe manner and without overshoot and in minimum time. Apparatus is provided for moving a fast-acting control element such as a control rod or a control drum for altering the nuclear reactor power level. A computer computes at short time intervals either the function: .rho.=(.beta.-.rho.).omega.-.lambda..sub.e '.rho.-.SIGMA..beta..sub.i (.lambda..sub.i -.lambda..sub.e ')+l* .omega.+l* [.omega..sup.2 +.lambda..sub.e '.omega.] or the function: .rho.=(.beta.-.rho.).omega.-.lambda..sub.e .rho.-(.lambda..sub.e /.lambda..sub.e)(.beta.-.rho.)+l* .omega.+l* [.omega..sup.2 +.lambda..sub.e .omega.-(.lambda..sub.e /.lambda..sub.e).omega.] These functions each specify the rate of change of reactivity that is necessary to achieve a specified rate of change of reactor power. The direction and speed of motion of the control element is altered so as to provide the rate of reactivity change calculated using either or both of these functions thereby resulting in the attainment of a new power level without overshoot and in minimum time. These functions are computed at intervals of approximately 0.01-1.0 seconds depending on the specific application.
Bernard, Jr., John A. (72 Paul Revere Rd., Needham Heights, MA 02194)
Pecularities of cosmic ray modulation in the solar minimum 23/24
We study changes of the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) intensity for the ending period of the solar cycle 23 and the beginning of the solar cycle 24 using neutron monitors experimental data. We show that an increase of the GCR intensity in 2009 is generally related with decrease of the solar wind velocity U, the strength B of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), and the drift in negative (Aneg) polarity epoch. We present that temporal changes of rigidity dependence of the GCR intensity variation before reaching maximum level in 2009 and after it, do not noticeably differ from each other. The rigidity spectrum of the GCR intensity variations calculated based on neutron monitors data (for rigidities greaten than 10 GV) is hard in the minimum and near minimum epoch. We do not recognize any non-ordinary changes in the physical mechanism of modulation of the GCR intensity in the rigidity range of GCR particles to which neutron monitors respond. We compose 2-D non stationary model of transport equation to describe v...
Alania, M V; Wawrzynczak, A
Economic Impact of Standard Reference Materials
00-1 Planning Report Economic Impact of Standard Reference Materials for Sulfur in Fossil Fuels Administration #12;February 2000 Economic Impact of Standard Reference Materials for Sulfur in Fossil Fuels Final-006 Economic Impact of Standard Reference Materials for Sulfur in Fossil Fuels Final Report February 2000
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