text:
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
State Energy Program (SEP) Strengthening Building Retrofit Markets and Stimulating Energy Efficiency Action
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) presentation on State Energy Program (SEP) Strengthening Building Retrofit Markets and Stimulating Energy Efficiency Action DE-FOA-0000251, Stimulating Energy Efficiency Action from State Public Utility Commissions DE-FOA-0000266
Compressed Air System Analysis and Retrofit for Energy Savings
E-Print Network [OSTI]
several actions including piping retrofits, equipment upgrades, pressure control changes, and compressor retrofits....
Harding, C.; Nutter, D.
Cost Effectiveness NW Energy Coalition
1 Action 8 Cost Effectiveness Manual Kim Drury NW Energy Coalition Context · Inconsistent understanding of cost effectiveness contributed to under performing conservation E.g: individual measures vs Action Plan for Energy Efficiency published a comprehensive guide on cost effectiveness: best practices
International Clean Energy Coalition
SciTech Connect (OSTI)
In 2003, the National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners (NARUC) and National Energy Technology Laboratories (NETL) collaboratively established the International Clean Energy Coalition (ICEC). The coalition consisting of energy policy-makers, technologists, and financial institutions was designed to assist developing countries in forming and supporting local approaches to greenhouse gas mitigation within the energy sector. ICEC's work focused on capacity building and clean energy deployment in countries that rely heavily on fossil-based electric generation. Under ICEC, the coalition formed a steering committee consisting of NARUC members and held a series of meetings to develop and manage the workplan and define successful outcomes for the projects. ICEC identified India as a target country for their work and completed a country assessment that helped ICEC build a framework for discussion with Indian energy decisionmakers including two follow-on in-country workshops. As of the conclusion of the project in 2010, ICEC had also conducted outreach activities conducted during United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Ninth Conference of Parties (COP 9) and COP 10. The broad goal of this project was to develop a coalition of decision-makers, technologists, and financial institutions to assist developing countries in implementing affordable, effective and resource appropriate technology and policy strategies to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Project goals were met through international forums, a country assessment, and in-country workshops. This project focused on countries that rely heavily on fossil-based electric generation.
Erin Skootsky; Matt Gardner; Bevan Flansburgh
Coalitional Voting Manipulation: A Game-Theoretic Perspective Yoram Bachrach
action. In this paper, we ap- ply tools from cooperative game theory to develop a model that considers concern from a theoretical perspective, in real-life elections this issue does not usually play a signifi coordinates their actions in order to affect the election outcome. The problem of coalitional manipula- tion
Elkind, Edith
Deep Energy Retrofits - Eleven California Case Studies
retrofit thermal leakage in guestroom ceiling�����������.171retrofit thermal leakage in guestroom ceiling Figure 107 -
Less, Brennan
Residential Retrofit Program Design Guide
This Residential Retrofit Program Design Guide focuses on the key elements and design characteristics of building and maintaining a successful residential retrofit program.
Residential Retrofit Program Design Guide Overview Transcript...
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
Residential Retrofit Program Design Guide Overview Transcript.doc Residential Retrofit Program Design Guide Overview Transcript.doc Residential Retrofit Program Design Guide...
Retrofit Air Preheat Economics
Retrofit air preheat systems are the most reliable and efficient means to effect significant energy conservation for large existing industrial furnaces. Units can be quickly installed without a lengthy shutdown, and the furnace efficiency can...
Goolsbee, J. A.
ADA Retrofit and Construction
ADA Retrofit and Construction Management Richfield, MN Breckenridge, MN #12;Introduction & Outline Design vs. Construction � Case Studies � City of Richfield's Transition Plan #12;How Detailed Should, MN #12;Case Study Breckenridge, MN #12;� Construction Plans � Intersection Details for "tough
Minnesota, University of
Clean Cities: Detroit Area Clean Cities coalition
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
Clean Cities coalition Contact Information Sean Reed (Acting) 734-585-5720 x18 firstname.lastname@example.com Coalition Website Clean Cities Coordinator Sean Reed (Acting) Sean Reed (Acting) is...
Passive retrofits for Navy housing
A project to assess and initiate passive solar energy retrofits to US Navy family housing is described. The current data base for Navy housing (ECOP), and its enhancement for passive solar purposes options proposed for Navy housing are explained. The analysis goals and methods to evaluate the retrofits are discussed. An educational package to explain the retrofits is described.
Hibbert, R.; Miles, C.; Jones, R.; Peck, C.; Anderson, J.; Jacobson, V.; Dale, A.M.
Multifamily Ventilation Retrofit Strategies
In multifamily buildings, central ventilation systems often have poor performance, overventilating some portions of the building (causing excess energy use), while simultaneously underventilating other portions (causing diminished indoor air quality). BSC and Innova Services Corporation performed a series of field tests at a mid-rise test building undergoing a major energy audit and retrofit, which included ventilation system upgrades.
Ueno, K.; Lstiburek, J.; Bergey, D.
IPCC report, the buildings sector has more potential to contribute to climate change mitigation thanHOLDSWORTH RETROFIT AND RENOVATION GREEN BUILDING COMMITTEE ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ADVISORY Holdsworth Hall Shower and Bicycle Commuting 20 Behavioral Change /Green Office Program 22 ENERGY CONSUMPTION
Schweik, Charles M.
Northwest Energy Coalition Renewable Northwest Project Natural Resources Defense Council
Northwest Energy Coalition Renewable Northwest Project Natural Resources Defense Council December 9 Coalition [Nancy Hirsh] Renewable Northwest Project[Rachel Shimshak] Natural Resources Defense Council Power Administration in Power Supply The Northwest Energy Coalition, Renewable Northwest Project, Sierra
Overview of Governor's Biofuels Coalition and Updates
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
Governor's Biofuels Coalition and Updates Stacey Simms Governor's Energy Office Biofuels and Local Fuels Program Colorado will have the infrastructure on line when advanced...
UCCE helps community coalitions reduce childhood overweight
RESEARCH ARTICLE UCCE helps community coalitions reducewe identi?ed a need to help communities prioritize andmembers have been invited to help form local wellness-policy
EV Community Readiness projects: Clean Energy Coalition (MI)...
Clean Energy Coalition (MI); Clean Fuels Ohio EV Community Readiness projects: Clean Energy Coalition (MI); Clean Fuels Ohio 2013 DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program and Vehicle...
RECOVERY ACT -- CLEAN ENERGY COALITION MICHIGAN GREEN FLEETS RECOVERY ACT -- CLEAN ENERGY COALITION MICHIGAN GREEN FLEETS 2011 DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program, and Vehicle...
Evaluation of Retrofit Delivery Packages
Residential energy retrofit activities are a critical component of efforts to increase energy efficiency in the U.S. building stock; however, retrofits account for a small percentage of aggregate energy savings at relatively high per unit costs. This report by Building America research team, Alliance for Residential Building Innovation (ARBI), describes barriers to widespread retrofits and evaluates opportunities to improve delivery of home retrofit measures by identifying economies of scale in marketing, energy assessments, and bulk purchasing through pilot programs in portions of Sonoma, Los Angeles, and San Joaquin Counties, CA. These targeted communities show potential and have revealed key strategies for program design, as outlined in the report.
Berman, M.; Smith, P.; Porse, E.
PSNH- Small Business Retrofit Program
Public Service of New Hampshire (PSNH), an electric utility, offers financial incentives and technical advice to small business customers seeking to improve energy efficiency through retrofits....
Quality Assurance for Residential Retrofit Programs | Department...
Quality Assurance for Residential Retrofit Programs Quality Assurance for Residential Retrofit Programs Blue version of the EERE PowerPoint template, for use with PowerPoint 2007....
April 23, 2004 NW Energy Coalition's
1 April 23, 2004 NW Energy Coalition's Comments on the NW Power and Conservation Council's Recommendations for the Future Role of BPA in Power Supply Document 2004-02 INTRODUCTION The NW Energy Coalition. At the very least, the Council should discuss whether some much less disruptive adjustments would do the job
Bright prospects for lighting retrofits
Great potential for energy savings can be found in the alleys, hallways and stairwells of multifamily buildings, but this potential is not always easy to realize. This article discusses the solution to common problems, retrofitting mistakes, retrofitting for savings, replacements for incandescent bulbs, better exit lights. 1 fig., 1 tab.
Hasterok, L. [Wisconsin Energy Conservation Corp., Madison, WI (United States)
Process Energy Retrofits
shows up in a discharge of added heat to ambient and is spotted more quickly. (Not Replace) I~ - ......... c.... Doml..... By IneremanUl Coata Area Fortunately, there are snort CIrcUits past some of the other activation energy barriers...optimum Is the low point on the curve. The discontinuity or activation energy Is due to the coats.of weatherproofing, etc. Note that for this exlsti" Process Energy Retrofits Dan Steinmeyer Monsanto Co St. Louis, Mo U N C E R E T N...
Steinmeyer, D.
Strengthening Building Retrofit Markets
The Business Energy Financing (BEF) program offered commercial businesses in Michigan affordable financing options and other incentives designed to support energy efficiency improvements. We worked through partnerships with Michigan utilities, lenders, building contractors, trade associations, and other community organizations to offer competitive interest rates and flexible financing terms to support energy efficiency projects that otherwise would not have happened. The BEF program targeted the retail food market, including restaurants, grocery stores, convenience stores, and wholesale food vendors, with the goal of achieving energy efficiency retrofits for 2 percent of the target market. We offered low interest rates, flexible payments, easy applications and approval processes, and access to other incentives and rebates. Through these efforts, we sought to help customers strive for energy savings retrofits that would save 20 percent or more on their energy use. This program helped Michigan businesses reduce costs by financing energy efficient lighting, heating and cooling systems, insulation, refrigeration, equipment upgrades, and more. Businesses completed the upgrades with the help of our authorized contractors, and, through our lending partners, we provided affordable financing options.
Templeton, Mary [Michigan Saves; Jackson, Robert [Michigan Energy Office
Residential Retrofit Design Guide Overview | Department of Energy
Residential Retrofit Design Guide Overview Residential Retrofit Design Guide Overview Residential Retrofit Design Guide Overview Webinar. Res Retro Design Guide Webinar 5-3-11...
Advancing Residential Retrofits in Atlanta
This report will summarize the home energy improvements performed in the Atlanta, GA area. In total, nine homes were retrofitted with eight of the homes having predicted source energy savings of approximately 30% or greater based on simulated energy consumption.
Jackson, Roderick K [ORNL; Kim, Eyu-Jin [Southface Energy Institute; Roberts, Sydney [Southface Energy Institute; Stephenson, Robert [Southface Energy Institute
A Methodology for Identifying Retrofit Energy Savings in Commercial Buildings
Measured energy savings resulting from energy conservation retrofits in commercial buildings can be used to verify the success of the retrofits, determine the payment schedule for the retrofits, and guide the selection of future retrofits...
Kissock, K.; Reddy, A.; Claridge, D.
Deep Residential Retrofits in East Tennessee
Executive Summary Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is furthering residential energy retrofit research in the mixed-humid climate of East Tennessee by selecting 10 homes and guiding the homeowners in the energy retrofit process. The homeowners pay for the retrofits, and ORNL advises which retrofits to complete and collects post-retrofit data. This effort is in accordance with the Department of Energy s Building America program research goal of demonstrating market-ready energy retrofit packages that reduce home energy use by 30 50%. Through this research, ORNL researchers hope to understand why homeowners decide to partake in energy retrofits, the payback of home energy retrofits, and which retrofit packages most economically reduce energy use. Homeowner interviews help the researchers understand the homeowners experience. Information gathered during the interviews will aid in extending market penetration of home energy retrofits by helping researchers and the retrofit industry understand what drives homeowners in making positive decisions regarding these retrofits. This report summarizes the selection process, the pre-retrofit condition, the recommended retrofits, the actual cost of the retrofits (when available), and an estimated energy savings of the retrofit package using EnergyGauge . Of the 10 households selected to participate in the study, only five completed the recommended retrofits, three completed at least one but no more than three of the recommended retrofits, and two households did not complete any of the recommended retrofits. In the case of the two homes that did none of the recommended work, the pre-retrofit condition of the homes and the recommended retrofits are reported. The five homes that completed the recommended retrofits are monitored for energy consumption of the whole house, appliances, space conditioning equipment, water heater, and most of the other circuits with miscellaneous electric loads (MELs) and lighting. Thermal comfort is also monitored, with temperature and humidity measured in all conditioned zones, attics, crawlspaces, and unconditioned basements. In some homes, heat flux transducers are installed on the basement walls to help determine the insulating qualities of the technologies and practices. EnergyGauge is used to estimate the pre-retrofit and post-retrofit home energy rating system (HERS) index and reduction in energy consumption and energy bill. In a follow-up report, data from the installed sensors will be presented and analyzed as well as a comparison of the post-retrofit energy consumption of the home to the EnergyGauge model of the post-retrofit home. Table ES1 shows the retrofits that were completed at the eight households where some or all of the recommended retrofits were completed. Home aliases are used to keep the homeowners anonymous. Some key findings of this study thus far are listed as follows. Some homeowners (50%) are not willing to spend the money to reach 30 50% energy savings. Quality of retrofit work is significantly variable among contractors which impact the potential energy savings of the retrofit. Challenges exist in defining house volume and floor area. Of the five homes that completed all the recommended retrofits, energy bill savings was not the main driver for energy retrofits. In no case were the retrofits cost neutral given a 15 year loan at 7% interest for the retrofit costs.
Boudreaux, Philip R [ORNL; Hendrick, Timothy P [ORNL; Christian, Jeffrey E [ORNL; Jackson, Roderick K [ORNL
Export-Oriented Populism: Commodities and Coalitions in Argentina
Policy and electoral coalitions in Mexico and Argentina.policies. In this sense, the shift in agricultural commodity production in Argentinapolicy led to recurring economic crises and shifting political coalitions. Since the 1970s, Argentina�
Richardson, Neal P.
Charlotte Green Supply Chain: Residential Retrofitting | Department...
Charlotte Green Supply Chain: Residential Retrofitting Charlotte Green Supply Chain: Residential Retrofitting July 30, 2010 - 10:50am Addthis Joshua DeLung What does this mean for...
Building Retrofits for Increased Protection Against Airborne
Building Retrofits for Increased Protection Against Airborne Chemical and Biological Releases of Standards and Technology William A. Jeffrey, Director Building Retrofits for Increased Protection Against Dols Heather Davis Priya Lavappa Amy Rushing Building and Fire Research Laboratory Prepared for: U
Building America Webinar: Retrofitting Central Space Conditioning...
Control strategies to improve hydronic space heating performance Building America Webinar: Retrofitting Central Space Conditioning Strategies for Multifamily Buildings - Control...
Introduction Building America Webinar: Retrofitting Central Space Conditioning Strategies for Multifamily Buildings - Introduction This presentation serves as the introduction to...
Strategy Guideline: Mitigation of Retrofit Risk Factors
The Alliance for Residential Building Innovation (ARBI) is currently developing strategies designed to promote and achieve increased energy savings and promote upgrades in the residential retrofit sector. These strategies are targeted to retrofit program managers, retrofit contractors, policy makers, academic researchers, and non-governmental organizations. This report focuses on four key areas to promote home energy upgrades: fostering accurate energy savings projections; understanding consumer perceptions for energy savings; measuring energy savings, and ensuring quality control for retrofit installations.
Coalition Cooperation Defines Roadmap for E85 and Biodiesel
This Clean Cities success story relates how Colorado's Colorado Biofuels Coalition was formed and provides guidance on forming other such coalitions. This Colorado's coalition sucessfully increase the number of fueling stations providing biofuels and has goals to the number even more. Plans also include assisting with financing infrastructure, making alternative fuels available to more fleets, and educating about E85 and biodiesel use.
Not Available
Clean Cities: Coalitions in Order of Designation
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth7-1D: Vegetation Proposed New SubstationClean Communities of Western New York (Buffalo) Coalition TheCoalitions
Measuring retrofit savings in commercial buildings with pre-retrofit utility billing data and post-retrofit sub-metered data
Methodologies to measure energy and dollar savings resulting from energy conserving retrofits in commercial buildings when both pre-retrofit and post-retrofit monitored data are available at an hourly or daily level have already been developed...
Liu, Yue
Monitoring conservative retrofits in single family buildings
This study has provided detailed before-and-after information on the ambient and comfort conditions in nine single family buildings, and on the energy consumption of those buildings, for one or more energy conservation retrofits. The data were recorded in such a manner that as well as being able to determine the savings from the retrofits and the influence these retrofits have on the comfort conditions of the residence, the effects of the retrofits on time-of-day usage are also determinable. The following are included in appendices: a table of participant's names, site addresses and retrofit; significant dates and appropriate comments; a day of data and an annotated data set; pre-retrofit and post-retrofit audit data sheets; and usage history.
Richardson, C.S.
ALTERNATIVE FUELS AND ADVANCED VEHICLES DATA CENTER www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc U.S. DEPT OF ENERGY FUEL ECONOMY. [Award # DE-EE0002491]. Support for alternative fuel vehicles and infrastructure projects is facilitatedLEARN MORE @ ETHANOL E85 CENTRALINA CLEAN FUELS COALITION www.4cleanfuels.com GROWTH ENERGY www
Retrofit Savings for Brazos County
This report presents the energy and dollar savings for the period May 2000 - April 2001 for 10 of the Brazos County facilities that have been retrofit. The electricity use saved was 555,170 kWh and the demand was 1062 kW, which is equivalent to a...
Baltazar-Cervantes, J. C.; Shao, X.; Claridge, D. E.
Sunnyvale Marine Climate Deep Retrofit
The Alliance for Residential Building Innovation (ARBI) and Allen Gilliland of One Sky Homes collaborated on a marine climate retrofit project designed to meet both Passive House (PH) and Building America (BA) program standards. The scope included sealing, installing wall, roof and floor insulation (previously lacking), replacing windows, upgrading the heating and cooling system, and installing.
German, A.; Siddiqui, A.; Dakin, B.
Massachusetts Hydrogen Coalition | Open Energy Information
Open Energy Info (EERE)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of InspectorConcentrating Solar Powerstories on climateJunoMedanos EnergyMMalawi:ManassasCoalition Name:
Clean Cities: Rogue Valley Clean Cities coalition
Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles Data Center [Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)]
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious Rank EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home PageEmerging FuelsRelated4Rogue Valley Clean Cities Coalition
Retrofit for Plastic Resin Driers
RETROFIT FOR PLASTIC RESIN DRIERS BABU JOSEPH PH.D. Supervising Engineer Southern California Edison Company, Irwindale, California GEORGE THURO Thuro, & Associates, Costa Mesa, California Plastic resins used in injection molding have... installation of dew point meters and a programmable controller to tailor the regeneration cycle to the required dew point temperature. Background It was estimated that there are about 450 plastic processors in the Southern California Edison service...
Joseph, B.; Thuro, G.
Building Energy Model Development for Retrofit Homes
Based on previous research conducted by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and Florida Solar Energy Center providing technical assistance to implement 22 deep energy retrofits across the nation, 6 homes were selected in Florida and Texas for detailed post-retrofit energy modeling to assess realized energy savings (Chandra et al, 2012). However, assessing realized savings can be difficult for some homes where pre-retrofit occupancy and energy performance are unknown. Initially, savings had been estimated using a HERS Index comparison for these homes. However, this does not account for confounding factors such as occupancy and weather. This research addresses a method to more reliably assess energy savings achieved in deep energy retrofits for which pre-retrofit utility bills or occupancy information in not available. A metered home, Riverdale, was selected as a test case for development of a modeling procedure to account occupancy and weather factors, potentially creating more accurate estimates of energy savings. This �true up� procedure was developed using Energy Gauge USA software and post-retrofit homeowner information and utility bills. The 12 step process adjusts the post-retrofit modeling results to correlate with post-retrofit utility bills and known occupancy information. The �trued� post retrofit model is then used to estimate pre-retrofit energy consumption by changing the building efficiency characteristics to reflect the pre-retrofit condition, but keeping all weather and occupancy-related factors the same. This creates a pre-retrofit model that is more comparable to the post-retrofit energy use profile and can improve energy savings estimates. For this test case, a home for which pre- and post- retrofit utility bills were available was selected for comparison and assessment of the accuracy of the �true up� procedure. Based on the current method, this procedure is quite time intensive. However, streamlined processing spreadsheets or incorporation into existing software tools would improve the efficiency of the process. Retrofit activity appears to be gaining market share, and this would be a potentially valuable capability with relevance to marketing, program management, and retrofit success metrics.
Chasar, David; McIlvaine, Janet; Blanchard, Jeremy; Widder, Sarah H.; Baechler, Michael C.
SCR & DPF RETROFITS FOR MOBILE DIESEL ENGINES Thierry Leprince & Phil Roberts Extengine Transport Systems, LLC 1370 South Acacia Avenue Fullerton, CA - 92831 www.extengine.com...
NIPSCO- Existing Facility Retrofit Rebate Program
Northern Indiana Public Service Corporation (NIPSCO) offers incentives to commercial, industrial, nonprofit, government, and institutional customers for replacing or retrofitting equipment or...
Retrofit Ventilation Strategies in Multifamily Buildings Webinar...
Energy Savers [EERE]
Retrofit of Mass Masonry Wall Assemblies Building America Technlogy Solutions for New and Existing Homes: Interior Foundation Insulation Upgrade - Madison Residence (Fact Sheet)...
Homeowner Best Practices Guide for Residential Retrofits
retrofitting your homes heating, cooling and ventilationranch style homes getting insufficient heating or cooling.bridge. Adequately heating all of your home is equally
Walker, Iain S.
OTEC- Commercial Lighting Retrofit Rebate Program
The Oregon Trail Electric Consumers Cooperative (OTEC) offers a commercial lighting retrofit program that provides rebates for commercial businesses that change existing lighting to more energy...
Building America Expert Meeting: Interior Insulation Retrofit...
Building Science Corporation team held an Expert Meeting on Interior Insulation Retrofit of Mass Masonry Wall Assemblies on July 30, 2011, at the Westford Regency Hotel in...
Emission Control Systems and Components for Retrofit and First...
Systems and Components for Retrofit and First-Fit Applications Emission Control Systems and Components for Retrofit and First-Fit Applications 2004 Diesel Engine Emissions...
Retrofit Diesel Emissions Control System Providing 50% NOxControl...
Retrofit Diesel Emissions Control System Providing 50% NOxControl Retrofit Diesel Emissions Control System Providing 50% NOxControl 2005 Diesel Engine Emissions Reduction (DEER)...
Transportation Refrigeration Unit (TRU) Retrofit with HUSS Active...
Transportation Refrigeration Unit (TRU) Retrofit with HUSS Active Diesel Particulate Filters Transportation Refrigeration Unit (TRU) Retrofit with HUSS Active Diesel Particulate...
BetterBuildings Financing Energy Efficiency Retrofits in the...
BetterBuildings Financing Energy Efficiency Retrofits in the Commercial Sector - Part 1 BetterBuildings Financing Energy Efficiency Retrofits in the Commercial Sector - Part 1...
Advanced Critical Advanced Energy Retrofit Education and Training...
Critical Advanced Energy Retrofit Education and Training and Credentialing - 2014 BTO Peer Review Advanced Critical Advanced Energy Retrofit Education and Training and...
SciTech Connect: Sunnyvale Marine Climate Deep Retrofit
Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)
AND UTILIZATION RESIDENTIAL; RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS; ARBI; BUILDING AMERICA; MARINE CLIMATE; RETROFIT; PASSIVE HOUSE; HVAC; MONITORING; INDOOR AIR QUALITY; DEEP RETROFIT; Buildings...
Residential Building Audits and Retrofits | Department of Energy
Residential Building Audits and Retrofits Residential Building Audits and Retrofits Blue version of the EERE PowerPoint template, for use with PowerPoint 2007. Transcript...
Building America Expert Meeting Report: Interior Insulation Retrofit...
Interior Insulation Retrofit of Mass Masonry Wall Assembliesessment of risk factors for premature building deterioration due to interior insulation retrofits, and methods to reduce...
Retrofit Energy Savings Estimation Model Reference Manual
Retrofit Energy Savings Estimation Model Reference Manual #12;#12;Retrofit Energy Savings commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does from the Department of Energy. Any conclusions or opinions expressed in this manual represent solely
Groups in Mind: The Coalitional Roots o[War and
8 Groups in Mind: The Coalitional Roots o[War and Morality John Tooby and Leda Cosmides War, Coalitions, and the HUnlan Condition War is older than the human species. It is found in every region. There is no evidence of it having originated in one place, and spread by contact to others. War is reflected
Cosmides, Leda
Clean Cities: Clean Fuels Ohio coalition
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth7-1D: Vegetation Proposed New SubstationClean Communities of Western New York (Buffalo) Coalition The
Clean Cities: South Shore Clean Cities coalition
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth7-1D: Vegetation Proposed New SubstationClean Communities of Western NewSouth Shore Clean Cities Coalition The
Proven Performance of Seven Cold Climate Deep Retrofit Homes
Seven test homes located in Massachusetts are examined within this report. The retrofit strategies of each home are presented along with a comparison of the pre- and post-retrofit airtightness achieved by the group. Pre- and post-retrofit utility bills were collected; energy models were used to estimate pre-retrofit energy use when bills were unavailable.
Osser, R.; Neuhauser, K.; Ueno, K.
and a housing authority have been retrofitting their buildings with evaporative coolers, ground-source heatpumps
Diamond, Richard
Advanced Energy Retrofit Guide: Practical Ways to Improve Energy Performance; Grocery Stores (Revised) (Book)
The U.S. Department of Energy developed the Advanced Energy Retrofit Guides (AERGs) to provide specific methodologies, information, and guidance to help energy managers and other stakeholders successfully plan and execute energy efficiency improvements. Detailed technical discussion is fairly limited in these guides. Instead, we emphasize actionable information, practical methodologies, diverse case studies, and unbiased evaluations of the most promising retrofit measures for each building type. A series of AERGs is under development, addressing key segments of the commercial building stock. Grocery stores were selected as one of the highest priority sectors, because they represent one of the most energy-intensive market segments.
Hendron, B.
Advanced Energy Retrofit Guide: Practical Ways to Improve Energy Performance, K-12 Schools (Book)
The U.S. Department of Energy developed the K-12 Advanced Energy Retrofit Guide to provide specific methodologies, information, and guidance to help energy managers and other stakeholders plan and execute energy efficiency improvements. We emphasize actionable information, practical methodologies, diverse case studies, and unbiased evaluation of the most promising retrofit measure for each building type. K-12 schools were selected as one of the highest priority building sectors, because schools affect the lives of most Americans. They also represent approximately 8% of the energy use and 10% of the floor area in commercial buildings.
Clean Cities Designation Guide: A Resource for Developing, Implementing, and Sustaining Your Clean Cities Coalition
Document serves as an instruction manual for developing, implementing, and running a Clean Cities coalition.
Retrofitting CO{sub 2} capture
Retrofitting existing fossil-fueled plants with the first available carbon dioxide capture technologies could play an important role in paving the way for development of lower-cost, reliable carbon capture and storage systems. EPRI research is helping utilities better understand the engineering challenges and economic consequences. Studies are being conducted on retrofitting five different plants with advanced amine PCC technologies. Other studies include: process optimization studies; valuing operating flexibility; CO{sub 2} capture for CTCC plants; and assessing the impact of climate policy on retrofitting investment.
Weisel, J.
Retrofitting the Streetlights in Boise, Idaho
ScienceCinema (OSTI)
Boise, Idaho is using an energy efficiency grant to retrofit hundreds of streetlights throughout the downtown area with energy-efficient LED bulbs, which will save money and improve safety and local quality of life.
Young, Clay; Oliver, LeAnn; Bieter, David; Johnson, Michael; Oldemeyer, Neal
Boise, Idaho is using an energy efficiency grant to retrofit hundreds of streetlights throughout the downtown area with energy-efficient LED bulbs, which will save money and improve safety and...
Energy Efficient Retrofits and Green Building Practices
. Moreover, the increase in demand is also causing rise in pollution levels. Therefore, the subject of energy efficient retrofits and green building practices is becoming increasingly important. Based on the latest walkthrough energy audit it is proven...
Rahman, M.
Application of Pinch Technology in Refinery Retrofits
APPLICATION OF PINCH TECHNOLOGY IN REFINERY RETROFITS W. R. L. Thomas, J. H. Siegell, T. Sideropoulos, J. L. Robertson, S. A. Papoulias Exxon Research and Engineering Company Florham Park, New Jersey ABSTRACT This paper reviews... the application of pinch technology in the identification of the most attractive retrofit prospects in typical refineries. In the first part of the paper, methodology is described to identify attractive inter-unit heat integration opportunities as well...
Thomas, W. R.; Siegell, J. H.; Sideropoulos, T.; Robertson, J. L.; Papoulias, S. A.
Making your Building Smarter : The Retrofit Challenge
Wireless Temp Sensors IBM Dublin Research Labs : Smart Buildings Living Lab Environment Background ? 2012 IBM Corporation IBM Dublin Research Labs Our Smart Building Retrofit Challenges Retrofit Challenges Summary 1. Smart Building Design 2... Comfortable environment ?Reduce Energy/Water usage environment ?Keep within Budget ?Biggest Challenge ?? Constantly competing (& changing) objectives within the design and build cycles What to include ? What is critical? Where to Invest ? 5 ? 2012...
Brady, N.
Evaluation of passive solar retrofit options
An evaluation framework has been developed which allows for the assessment of the role of passive solar retrofit in the nationwide reduction of conventional fuel use. Three types of analysis are proposed within this framework: the physical/technical capability of the present housing stock to incorporate passive solar retrofit; the economic feasibility of the application of retrofit designs; and the actual market potential or acceptance of these alternative retrofit options. Each type of analysis has specific data requirements and a series of evaluation procedures to help establish estimates of the potential for passive solar retrofit in the present housing stock. The data requirements with their respective sources and evaluation procedures for the first two types of analysis-physical/technical setting and economic feasibility, are examined. A distinction is drawn between community specific case studies and more generalized national assessments. Information derived from these three types of analysis, whether case specific or national in scope, can then be used in an evaluation of potential economic impacts. The establishment of regional economic benefits and costs werve as a measure of the merit or attractiveness of the implementation of a passive solar retrofit program.
Ben-David, S.; Kirchemen, C.; Martin, S.; Noll, S.; Roach, F.
California Green Stimulus Coalition Hon. Elaine M. Howle
LISC California Apollo Alliance California Building and Construction Trades Council California Labor California Environmental Defense Fund Equal Justice Society Food & Water Watch George Koster Consulting Coalition) Urban Habitat Urban Solutions US Green Building Council, Northern Calif Chapter Working
Post-Retrofit Residential Assessments
This study examined a range of factors influencing energy consumption in households that had participated in residential energy-efficiency upgrades. The study was funded by a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy�s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and was conducted by faculty and staff of Portland State University Center for Urban Studies and Department of Economics. This work was made possible through the assistance and support of the Energy Trust of Oregon (ETO), whose residential energy-efficiency programs provided the population from which the sample cases were drawn. All households in the study had participated in the ETO Home Performance with Energy Star (HPwES) program. A number of these had concurrently pursued measures through other ETO programs. Post-retrofit energy outcomes are rarely investigated on a house-by-house basis. Rather, aggregate changes are ordinarily the focus of program impact evaluations, with deviation from aggregate expectations chalked up to measurement error, the vagaries of weather and idiosyncrasies of occupants. However, understanding how homes perform post-retrofit on an individual basis can give important insights to increase energy savings at the participant and the programmatic level. Taking a more disaggregated approach, this study analyzed energy consumption data from before and after the retrofit activity and made comparisons with engineering estimates for the upgrades, to identify households that performed differently from what may have been expected based on the estimates. A statistical analysis using hierarchal linear models, which accounted for weather variations, was performed looking separately at gas and electrical use during the periods before and after upgrades took place. A more straightforward comparison of billing data for 12-month periods before and after the intervention was also performed, yielding the majority of the cases examined. The later approach allowed total energy use and costs to be assessed but did not account for weather variation. From this statistical analysis, 18 study participants were selected and interviewed. The participants completed an in-home interview covering a range of topics, including changes in occupancy and additional changes to the homes that may have affected energy use. The goal of the interviews was to identify factors that may have contributed to unusual energy performance. These factors were identified by their frequency of occurrence in outperforming or underperforming homes, or simply by identifying factors that had the largest impact on overall savings. The motivations and levels of satisfaction with the outcomes of the upgrades were covered in detail, as well as extensive discussions of behaviors pertaining to thermal control, lighting, water, and appliance use. Most of cases studied achieved substantial energy savings, although it was more common for the projected savings to be greater than the demonstrated savings. Two factors that played a very large role in savings variation were 1) changes in occupancy and 2) fenestration improvements outside of the incentive programs. Motivation for pursuing the upgrades (e.g., environmental sustainability vs. comfort or cost savings) did not seem to play any role in achieving savings. Participants generally were more concerned with maintaining aesthetics through lighting than comfort through heating or cooling. They also seemed more likely to turn the lights off when leaving a room than to turn the heat off when leaving the home.
Lancaster, Ross; lutzenhiser, Loren; Moezzi, Mithra; Widder, Sarah H.; Chandra, Subrato; Baechler, Michael C.
Concrete Masonry Wall Retrofit Systems for Blast Protection
. The experimental program used to evaluate the alternative retrofit systems was divided into three phases. In Phase one, resistance functions for seven different retrofit systems were developed in 24 subscale static experiments. In Phase two, the structural response...
Johnson, Carol Faye
Industrial HVAC Air-to-Air Energy Recovery Retrofit Economics
Retrofitting air-to-air energy recovery equipment is relatively simply to design and easy to install. Additionally, HVAC energy recovery is almost risk free when compared to process retrofit. Life cycle cost analysis is the best way to illustrate...
Graham, E. L.
DOE Webinar ? Residential Geothermal Heat Pump Retrofits (Presentation)
DOE webinar, Residential Geothermal Heat Pump Retrofits presented at the DOE EERE Webinar Series on Dec. 14, 2010.
Financing Energy Efficiency Retrofits in the Commercial Sector Webinar
Financing Energy Efficiency Retrofits in the Commercial Sector Webinar, from the U.S. Department of Energy's Better Buildings program.
NREL Job Task Analysis: Retrofit Installer Technician (Revised)
A summary of job task analyses for the position of retrofit installer technician when conducting weatherization work on a residence.
Kurnik, C.; Woodley, C.
Analysis of institutional mechanisms affecting residential and commercial buildings retrofit
Barriers to energy conservation in the residential and commercial sectors influence (1) the willingness of building occupants to modify their energy usage habits, and (2) the willingness of building owners/occupants to upgrade the thermal characteristics of the structures within which they live or work and the appliances which they use. The barriers that influence the willingness of building owners/occupants to modify the thermal efficiency characteristics of building structures and heating/cooling systems are discussed. This focus is further narrowed to include only those barriers that impede modifications to existing buildings, i.e., energy conservation retrofit activity. Eight barriers selected for their suitability for Federal action in the residential and commercial sectors and examined are: fuel pricing policies that in the short term do not provide enough incentive to invest in energy conservation; high finance cost; inability to evaluate contractor performance; inability to evaluate retrofit products; lack of well-integrated or one-stop marketing systems (referred to as lack of delivery systems); lack of precise or customized information; lack of sociological/psychological incentives; and use of the first-cost decision criterion (expanded to include short-term payback criterion for the commercial sector). The impacts of these barriers on energy conservation are separately assessed for the residential and commercial sectors.
Advanced Energy Retrofit Guide Retail Buildings
The Advanced Energy Retrofit Guide for Retail Buildings is a component of the Department of Energy�s Advanced Energy Retrofit Guides for Existing Buildings series. The aim of the guides is to facilitate a rapid escalation in the number of energy efficiency projects in existing buildings and to enhance the quality and depth of those projects. By presenting general project planning guidance as well as financial payback metrics for the most common energy efficiency measures, these guides provide a practical roadmap to effectively planning and implementing performance improvements for existing buildings.
Liu, Guopeng; Liu, Bing; Zhang, Jian; Wang, Weimin; Athalye, Rahul A.; Moser, Dave; Crowe, Eliot; Bengtson, Nick; Effinger, Mark; Webster, Lia; Hatten, Mike
Advanced Energy Retrofit Guide Office Buildings
The Advanced Energy Retrofit Guide for Office Buildings is a component of the Department of Energy�s Advanced Energy Retrofit Guides for Existing Buildings series. The aim of the guides is to facilitate a rapid escalation in the number of energy efficiency projects in existing buildings and to enhance the quality and depth of those projects. By presenting general project planning guidance as well as financial payback metrics for the most common energy efficiency measures, these guides provide a practical roadmap to effectively planning and implementing performance improvements for existing buildings.
Liu, Guopeng; Liu, Bing; Wang, Weimin; Zhang, Jian; Athalye, Rahul A.; Moser, Dave; Crowe, Eliot; Bengtson, Nick; Effinger, Mark; Webster, Lia; Hatten, Mike
Coalition formation: the role of procedure and policy flexibility Eligius M.T. Hendrix
is used together with data from Dutch elections and theoretical instances to study different procedures role than is usually acknowledged in literature and practice. Keywords: coalition formation, elections focused on why coalition form and, based on that, which parties will cooperate. Arguments for coalition
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Monitoring conservative retrofits in single family buildings. Final technical report
This study has provided detailed before-and-after information on the ambient and comfort conditions in nine single family buildings, and on the energy consumption of those buildings, for one or more energy conservation retrofits. The data were recorded in such a manner that as well as being able to determine the savings from the retrofits and the influence these retrofits have on the comfort conditions of the residence, the effects of the retrofits on time-of-day usage are also determinable. The following are included in appendices: a table of participant`s names, site addresses and retrofit; significant dates and appropriate comments; a day of data and an annotated data set; pre-retrofit and post-retrofit audit data sheets; and usage history.
National Grid Deep Energy Retrofit Pilot
Through discussion of five case studies (test homes), this project evaluates strategies to elevate the performance of existing homes to a level commensurate with best-in-class implementation of high-performance new construction homes. The test homes featured in this research activity participated in Deep Energy Retrofit (DER) Pilot Program sponsored by the electric and gas utility National Grid in Massachusetts and Rhode Island. Building enclosure retrofit strategies are evaluated for impact on durability and indoor air quality in addition to energy performance. Evaluation of strategies is structured around the critical control functions of water, airflow, vapor flow, and thermal control. The aim of the research project is to develop guidance that could serve as a foundation for wider adoption of high performance, 'deep' retrofit work. The project will identify risk factors endemic to advanced retrofit in the context of the general building type, configuration and vintage encountered in the National Grid DER Pilot. Results for the test homes are based on observation and performance testing of recently completed projects. Additional observation would be needed to fully gauge long-term energy performance, durability, and occupant comfort.
Neuhauser, K.
Evaluation of Crawlspace Retrofits in Multifamily Buildings
In 2011 and early 2012, Building Science Corporation (BSC) collaborated with Innova Services Corporation on a multifamily community unvented crawlspace retrofit project at Oakwood Gardens in Lansdale, Pennsylvania. BSC provided design consulting services and pre- and post-retrofit evaluation, testing, and data monitoring. The existing condition was a vented crawlspace with an uninsulated floor between the crawlspace and the dwelling units above. The crawlspace was therefore a critically weak link in the building enclosure and was ripe for improvement. Saving energy was the primary interest and goal, but the greatest challenge in this unvented crawlspace retrofit project was working through a crawlspace bulk water intrusion problem caused by inadequate site drainage, window well drainage, foundation wall drainage, and a rising water table during rainy periods. While the unvented crawlspace retrofit was effective in reducing heat loss, and the majority of the bulk water drainage problems had been resolved, the important finding was that some of the wood joists embedded in masonry pockets behind the brick veneer were showing signs of moisture damage.
Rudd, A.
Deep Energy Retrofits: A Southwestern Case Study
to a carbon-neutral environment, but we can remodel our way there. Over the course of seven years, green-buildingDeep Energy Retrofits: A Southwestern Case Study Heading Toward Net Zero Thursday, December 2, 2010 ASU Project Manager, Energize Phoenix Greg L. Brown Principal, Ecosense, LLC We cannot build our way
Zhang, Junshan
Greenbuilt Retrofit Test House Final Report
The Greenbuilt house, is an all-electric, 1980's era home in the eastern Sacramento suburb of Fair Oaks that was retrofit by Greenbuilt Construction as part of Sacramento Municipal Utility District's (SMUD) Energy Efficient Remodel Demonstration (EERD) Program. The project was a joint effort between the design-build team at Greenbuilt Construction, led by Jim Bayless, SMUD and their project manager Mike Keesee, and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The goal of the Energy Efficient Remodel Demonstration program is to work with local builders to renovate homes with cost-effective energy efficient retrofit measures. The homes remodeled under the EERD program are intended to showcase energy efficient retrofit options for homeowners and other builders. The Greenbuilt house is one of five EERD projects that NREL has supported. NREL's main role in these projects is to provide energy analysis and to monitor the home's performance after the retrofit to verify that the energy consumption is in line with the modeling predictions. NREL also performed detailed monitoring on the more innovative equipment included in these remodels, such as an add-on heat pump water heater.
Sparn, B.; Hudon, K.; Earle, L.; Booten, C.; Tabares-Velasco, P. C.; Barker, G.; Hancock, C. E.
Phillip Burton Federal Building EMCS Retrofit Analysis
and Renewable Energy, Office of Building Technology and Community Systems, and the Federal Energy ManagementPhillip Burton Federal Building EMCS Retrofit Analysis Interim Report March 1999 Rick Diamond, Tim This report presents the interim results of analyses carried out in the Phillip Burton Federal Building in San
ARRA Proposed Award: Retrofit Bay Area
ARRA Proposed Award: Retrofit Bay Area Counties of Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, San Francisco per year Prime contractor: Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) Sub contractors: Alameda County Waste Management Authority (StopWaste.org) County of Contra Costa County of Marin City
"We retrofitted mechanical systems in 8 buildings!"
"We retrofitted mechanical systems in 8 buildings!" LOW INTEREST RATE LOANS AVAILABLE NOW! County of Contra Costa California Energy Commission Apply Today! See Case Study on Back of Flyer "Our low interest and cooling systems in eight buildings. The energy efficient measures include replacing pneumatic controls
Retrofiting survivability of military vehicles
In Iraq the terrain was such that vehicles could be distributed horizontally, which reduced the effectiveness of mines. In the mountainous terrain of Pakistan and Afghanistan vehicles are forced to use the few, passable roads, which are dirt and easily seeded with plentiful, cheap, intelligent mines. It is desirable to reduce the losses to such mines, preferably by retrofit means that do not greatly increase weight or cost or reduce maneuverability. V-bottom vehicles - A known approach to reducing vulnerability is the Buffalo, a large vehicle developed by South Africa to address mine warfare. It has large tires, high axles, and a reinforced, v-shaped bottom that deflects the blast from explosions below. It is developed and tested in combat, but is expensive and has reduced off-road mobility. The domestic MRAP has similar cost and mobility issue. The addition of v-shaped blast deflectors to vehicles such as Humvees could act much as the deflector on a Buffalo, but a Humvee is closer to the ground, so the explosive's expansion would be reduced. The deflector would also reduce a Humvee's clearance for rough terrain, and a deflector of adequate thickness to address the blast by itself could further increase cost and reduce mobility. Reactive armor is developed and has proven effective against shaped and explosive charges from side or top attack. It detects their approach, detonates, and defeats them by interfering with jet formation. If the threat was a shaped charge from below, they would be a logical choice. But the bulk of the damage to Humvees appears to be from the blast from high explosive mines for which the colliding shock from reactive armor could increase that from the explosive. Porous materials such as sand can strongly attenuate the kinetic energy and pressure of a strong shock. Figure 1 shows the kinetic energy (KE), momentum (Mu), velocity (u), and mass (M) of a spherically expanding shock as functions of radius for a material with a porosity of 0.5. Over the range from 0.5 to 4.5 cm the shock KE is attenuated by a factor of {approx}70, while its momentum is changed little. The shock and particle velocity falls by a factor of 200 while the mass increases by a factor of 730. In the limit of very porous media u {approx} 1/M, so KE {approx} 1/M, which falls by a factor of {approx}600, while momentum Mu does not change at all. Figure 2 shows the KE, Mu, u, and M for a material with a porosity of 1.05, for which the KE changes little. In the limit of media of very low porosity, u {approx} 1/{radical}M, so KE is constant while Mu {approx} {radical}M, which increases by a factor of 15. Thus, if the goal is to reduce the peak pressure from strong explosions below, very porous materials, which strongly reduce pressure but do not increase momentum, are preferred to non-porous materials, which amplify momentum but do not decrease pressure. These predictions are in qualitative accord with the results of experiments at Los Alamos in which projectiles from high velocity, large caliber cannons were stopped by one to two sandbags. The studies were performed primarily to determine the effectiveness of sand in stopping fragments of various sizes, but could be extended to study sand's effectiveness in attenuating blast pressure. It would also be useful to test the above predictions on the effectiveness of media with higher porosity. Water barriers have been discussed but not deployed in previous retrofit survivability studies for overseas embassies. They would detect the flash from the mine detonation below, trigger a thin layer of explosive above a layer of water, and drive water droplets into the approaching blast wave. The blast loses energy in evaporating the droplets and loses momentum in slowing them. Under favorable conditions that could attenuate the pressure in the blast enough to prevent the penetration or disruption of the vehicle. However, such barriers would depend on prompt and reliable detonation detection and water droplet dispersal, which have not been tested. There is a large literature on the theoretical effec
Canavan, Gregory H [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Poliheuristic Theory and Alliance Dependence: Understanding Military Coalitions
Iraq War (2003 -) was used as the reference in much of the dissertation, an implicit underlying claim of the current research is that the findings may be extended to any broad context wherein the development of a military coalition may be a possibility....
Park, Joon Guan
Coalitional Bargaining in Networks TH `ANH NGUYEN, Northwestern University
-cooperative. Furthermore, without a micro foundation it is hard to justify and compare different measures of networkCoalitional Bargaining in Networks TH `ANH NGUYEN, Northwestern University We analyze an infinite- mined by an underlying network. We show how an agent's payoff is related to the centrality of his
Fiat, Amos
Cascade Apartments: Deep Energy Multifamily Retrofit
In December of 2009-10, King County Housing Authority (KCHA) implemented energy retrofit improvements in the Cascade multifamily community, located in Kent, Washington (marine climate.)This research effort involved significant coordination from stakeholders KCHA, WA State Department of Commerce, utility Puget Sound Energy, and Cascade tenants. This report focuses on the following three primary BA research questions : 1. What are the modeled energy savings using DOE low income weatherization approved TREAT software? 2. How did the modeled energy savings compare with measured energy savings from aggregate utility billing analysis? 3. What is the Savings to Investment Ratio (SIR) of the retrofit package after considering utility window incentives and KCHA capitol improvement funding.
Gordon, A.; Mattheis, L.; Kunkle, R.; Howard, L.; Lubliner, M.
Retrofit California Overview and Final Reports
Energy efficiency retrofits (also called upgrades) are widely recognized as a critical component to achieving energy savings in the building sector to help lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. To date, however, upgrades have accounted for only a small percentage of aggregate energy savings in building stock, both in California and nationally. Although the measures and technologies to retrofit a building to become energy efficient are readily deployed, establishing this model as a standard practice remains elusive. Retrofit California sought to develop and test new program models to increase participation in the energy upgrade market in California. The Program encompassed 24 pilot projects, conducted between 2010 and mid-2013 and funded through a $30 million American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) grant from the U.S. Department of Energy�s (DOE) Better Buildings Neighborhood Program (BBNP). The broad scope of the Program can be seen in the involvement of the following regionally based Grant Partners: Los Angeles County (as prime grantee); Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG), consisting of: o StopWaste.org for Alameda County o Regional Climate Protection Authority (RCPA) for Sonoma County o SF Environment for the City and County of San Francisco o City of San Jose; California Center for Sustainable Energy (CCSE) for the San Diego region; Sacramento Municipal Utilities District (SMUD). Within these jurisdictions, nine different types of pilots were tested with the common goal of identifying, informing, and educating the people most likely to undertake energy upgrades (both homeowners and contractors), and to provide them with incentives and resources to facilitate the process. Despite its limited duration, Retrofit California undoubtedly succeeded in increasing awareness and education among home and property owners, as well as contractors, realtors, and community leaders. However, program results indicate that a longer timeframe will be needed to transform the market and establish energy retrofits as the new paradigm. Innovations such as Flex Path, which came about because of barriers encountered during the Program, have already shown promise and are enabling increased participation. Together, the pilots represent an unprecedented effort to identify and address market barriers to energy efficiency upgrades and to provide lessons learned to shape future program planning and implementation. The statistics reflects the scope of the marketing and outreach campaigns, which tested a variety of approaches to increase understanding of the benefits of energy upgrades to drive participation in the Program. More traditional methods such as TV and radio advertisements were complimented by innovative community based social marketing campaigns that sought to leverage the trusted status of neighborhood organizations and leaders in order to motivate their constituents to undertake retrofits. The remainder of this report provides an overview of Retrofit California including brief summaries of the pilots� main components and highlights, followed by the major findings or takeaway lessons from the approaches that were tested. Eleven of the pilots will be continued, with modifications, under the ratepayer-funded Regional Energy Networks. Involvement in the RENS by many of the Retrofit California partners will ensure that early lessons learned are carried forward to guide future programs for energy upgrades in California.
Choy, Howard; Rosales, Ana
Retrofit Ventilation Strategies in Multifamily Buildings Webinar |
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of Inspector GeneralDepartment of Energy fromComments onReplyofRetiring Procurement OfficialRetrofit
Retrofit Analysis of HVAC Systems Using Artificial Neural Networks.
??This thesis aims to explore the benefits of retrofits applied to the compressor and burner in the AC and furnace respectively and how best to� (more)
Anand, Anish
Residential photovoltaic worth : an assessment of retrofit vs. new construction
This paper characterizes the basic differences between photovoltaic retrofit and new construction applications. It quantifies the tradeoffs forced by rooftop area constraints, special array mounting costs, maintenance ...
Dinwoodie, Thomas L.
Retrofit Diesel Emissions Control System Providing 50% NOxControl
LNT regeneration Minimal LNT volume Easy Retrofit Application: No modification to engine No engine control required Bolt-on design replaces existing muffler time Target: EPA...
Comparison of Home Retrofit Programs in Wisconsin
To explore ways to reduce customer barriers and increase home retrofit completions, several different existing home retrofit models have been implemented in the state of Wisconsin. This study compared these programs' performance in terms of savings per home and program cost per home to assess the relative cost-effectiveness of each program design. However, given the many variations in these different programs, it is difficult to establish a fair comparison based on only a small number of metrics. Therefore, the overall purpose of the study is to document these programs' performance in a case study approach to look at general patterns of these metrics and other variables within the context of each program. This information can be used by energy efficiency program administrators and implementers to inform home retrofit program design. Six different program designs offered in Wisconsin for single-family energy efficiency improvements were included in the study. For each program, the research team provided information about the programs' approach and goals, characteristics, achievements and performance. The program models were then compared with performance results -- program cost and energy savings -- to help understand the overall strengths and weaknesses or challenges of each model.
Cunningham, K.; Hannigan, E.
Ready to Retrofit: The Process of Project Team Selection, Building
, and Financing Commercial Building Energy Retrofit Projects Mark D. Sanders, Kristen Parrish, Paul Mathew for the Commercial Buildings Partnership (CBP) program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy's Building a process for three key activities for the building owner in preparing to retrofit existing commercial
Nevada: Vegas Retrofits through Building America Enhance Home Performance
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
The EERE report Retrofitting Vegas: Implementing Energy Efficiency in Two Las Vegas Test Home notes that during the housing crisis, more than 11% of the existing housing stock in Las Vegas is in foreclosure (more than 8,100 homes). There is strong potential for achieving significant energy savings through retrofit activities in this region.
A Path to Successful Energy Retrofits: Early Collaboration through Integrated
and designers. It outlines the value of forming an integrated project delivery team and developing a complete process for designing an energy retrofit for a building. Instead, it focuses on the early design retrofits require integrated project delivery teams, this guide presents an integrated design process
Comments of the Demand Response and Smart Grid Coalition on DOE...
the Demand Response and Smart Grid Coalition on DOE's Implementing the National Broadband Plan by Empowering Consumers and the Smart Grid: Data Access, Third Party Use, and Privacy...
Provider-Customer Coalitional Games Alireza Aram, Saswati Sarkar, and Chandramani Singh
Provider-Customer Coalitional Games Alireza Aram, Saswati Sarkar, and Chandramani Singh Abstract. Aram & S. Sarkar are in the Dep. of Electrical and Systems Eng., University of Pennsylvania
Sarkar, Saswati
Measure Guideline: Hybrid Foundation Insulation Retrofits
This measure guideline provides recommendations for designs and variations for retrofit hybrid assemblies in improving interior foundation insulation and water management of basements. Variations include closed cell spray foam (ccSPF) with membrane waterproofing or air gap membrane drainage layers, rigid board foam insulation at flat walls (cast concrete or CMU block), a 'partial drainage' detail making use of the bulk water drainage that occurs through the field of a rubble stone wall, and non-drained spray foam assemblies (including slab insulation).
Ueno, K.; Lstiburek, J.
Trial Demonstration of Area Lighting Retrofit
LED Area Lighting Retrofit: Yuma Border Patrol Along the Yuma Sector Border Patrol Area in Yuma, Arizona, the GATEWAY program conducted a trial demonstration in which the incumbent quartz metal halide area lighting was replaced with LED at three pole locations. The LED system was found to equal or better the incumbent system in terms of both illuminance and uniformity, and an advanced optical system and lower pole height improved the illuminance uniformity, reduced stray light, and increased projected energy and maintenance cost savings. This high luminous flux and high temperature application is not unique and similar applications can benefit from the findings of this installation.
Cost-effective Lighting Retrofits: Lessons Learned
maintained 44 61 96 37 58 % 34 57 % Mean maintained % = 59% The small office room depicted below aluminum full reflector was installed with the same contained one 2'x 4' lay-in deep cell parabolic T-8 lamps. Results are presented in the graph louver... accurate wattage values in calculating predicted savings from a lighting retrofit. Published ANSI values are not an accurate approximation of real world fixture wattage. Field testing within a 2' x 4' lay-in deep cell parabolic louver fixture produced...
Fisher, M. D.
Retrofitting Doors on Open Refrigerated Cases
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious RankCombustion | Department ofT ib l LPROJECTS IN RENEWABLEOperated in Steady-StateRetrofitting Doors on Open
Designing Effective Incentives to Drive Residential Retrofit Program Participation (Text Version)
Transcript of the webinar, "Designing Effective Incentives to Drive Residential Retrofit Program Participation."
Air Distribution Retrofit Strategies for Affordable Housing
In multifamily and attached buildings, traditional duct sealing methods are often impractical or costly and disruptive because of the difficulty in accessing leakage sites. In this project, two retrofit duct sealing techniques -- manually-applied sealants and injecting a spray sealant, were implemented in several low-rise multi-unit buildings. An analysis on the cost and performance of the two methods are presented. Each method was used in twenty housing units: approximately half of each group of units are single story and the remainder two-story. Results show that duct leakage to the outside was reduced by an average of 59% through the use of manual methods, and by 90% in the units where the injected spray sealant was used. It was found that 73% of the leakage reduction in homes that were treated with injected spray sealant was attributable to the manual sealing done at boots, returns and the air handler. The cost of manually-applying sealant ranged from $275 to $511 per unit and for the injected spray sealant the cost was $700 per unit. Modeling suggests a simple payback of 2.2 years for manual sealing and 4.7 years for the injected spray sealant system. Utility bills were collected for one year before and after the retrofits. Utility bill analysis shows 14% and 16% energy savings using injected spray sealant system and hand sealing procedure respectively in heating season whereas in cooling season, energy savings using injected spray sealant system and hand sealing were both 16%.
Dentz, J.; Conlin, F.; Holloway, P.; Podorson, D.; Varshney, K.
Coalition of the Leaving: What Caused the Disintegration of the Multi-National Force in Iraq (2003-2009)
and the withdrawal of the various allies. In contrast, the topic has been understudied in the academic community. Most of the 1 Portugal and Spain Vow to Boost Ties Despite Differences in Iraq, AFP, May 4 2004. 2 research about the �Coalition of the Willing� (CW... 56-108 Chapter 4: Italy in the Coalition of the Willing 109-139 Chapter 5: Denmark in the Coalition of the Willing 140-170 Chapter 6: Bulgaria in the Coalition...
Cantir, Cristian
workforce planning and development data to create a broad inventory of the future need for scientistsCOALITION FOR A SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL WORKFORCE 2013 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE WORKFORCE CENSUS #12;Summary SUMMARY In January 2013, CSAW (Coalition for a Sustainable Agricultural Workforce) conducted
Wang, Xiaorui "Ray"
A model for perceived coalition effectiveness: the relationship of coalition variables to predict cancer councils' organizational capacity to achieve effective community outcomes
Public Health has long led the fight against unjust health disparities within the United States. More and more health educators have had to rely on the social capital of underserved communities via Community Coalitions. Throughout this study...
Torrence, William Alvin
Clean Cities: Clean Communities of Western New York (Buffalo) coalition
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth7-1D: Vegetation Proposed New SubstationClean Communities of Western New York (Buffalo) Coalition The Clean
Clean Cities: Columbia-Willamette Clean Cities coalition
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth7-1D: Vegetation Proposed New SubstationClean Communities of Western New York (Buffalo) Coalition
Clean Cities: Connecticut Southwestern Area Clean Cities coalition
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth7-1D: Vegetation Proposed New SubstationClean Communities of Western New York (Buffalo) CoalitionConnecticut
Coalition on West Valley Nuclear Wastes | Department of Energy
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "of Energy Power Systems EngineeringDepartment of4CenterPointChristinaClayCoal to Liquids » CoalCoalition on
Retrofitting the Southeast: The Cool Energy House
The Consortium for Advanced Residential Buildings has provided the technical engineering and building science support for a highly visible demonstration home in connection with the National Association of Home Builders' International Builders Show. The two previous projects, the Las Vegas net-zero ReVISION House and the 2011 VISION and ReVISION Houses in Orlando, met goals for energy efficiency, cost effectiveness, and information dissemination through multiple web-based venues. This project, which was unveiled at the 2012 International Builders Show in Orlando on February 9, is the deep energy retrofit Cool Energy House (CEH). The CEH began as a mid-1990s two-story traditional specification house of about 4,000 ft2 in the upscale Orlando suburb of Windermere.
Zoeller, W.; Shapiro, C.; Vijayakumar, G.; Puttagunta, S.
DOE Webinar - Residential Geothermal Heat Pump Retrofits (Presentation)
This presentation was given December 14, 2010, as part of DOE's Webinar series. The presentation discusses geothermal heat pump retrofits, technology options, and an overview of geothermal energy and geothermal heat pumps.
Anderson, E. R.
Method for Determining Optimal Residential Energy Efficiency Retrofit Packages
Businesses, government agencies, consumers, policy makers, and utilities currently have limited access to occupant-, building-, and location-specific recommendations for optimal energy retrofit packages, as defined by estimated costs and energy savings. This report describes an analysis method for determining optimal residential energy efficiency retrofit packages and, as an illustrative example, applies the analysis method to a 1960s-era home in eight U.S. cities covering a range of International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) climate regions. The method uses an optimization scheme that considers average energy use (determined from building energy simulations) and equivalent annual cost to recommend optimal retrofit packages specific to the building, occupants, and location. Energy savings and incremental costs are calculated relative to a minimum upgrade reference scenario, which accounts for efficiency upgrades that would occur in the absence of a retrofit because of equipment wear-out and replacement with current minimum standards.
Polly, B.; Gestwick, M.; Bianchi, M.; Anderson, R.; Horowitz, S.; Christensen, C.; Judkoff, R.
EECBG Success Story: Lighting Retrofits Saving Energy, Helping...
Pa. thousands in energy costs. | File photo It's easy to measure the effects of a lighting retrofit project in a city like Altoona, Pennsylvania, where 169 new LED units are...
A Methodology to Measure Retrofit Energy Savings in Commercial Buildings
. This dissertation develops a methodology to measure retrofit energy savings and the uncertainty of the savings in commercial buildings. The functional forms of empirical models of cooling and heating energy use in commercial buildings are derived from an engineering...
Kissock, John Kelly
IRS Parking Facility Lighting Retrofit Reduces Annual Energy...
in Kansas City, Missouri. The retrofit resulted in annual energy savings of 2 million kWh, annual cost savings of over 122,000, and a simple payback of 2.5 years....
Puget Sound Energy- Commercial Retrofit Energy Efficiency Grant Program
PSE can provide a custom retrofit grant for any energy-efficiency project that meets specified cost-effectiveness criteria and other PSE program requirements. To be eligible, customers must...
Street and Parking Facility Lighting Retrofit Financial Analysis Tool Webinar
DOE will present a live webinar titled "Using the Street and Parking Facility Lighting Retrofit Financial Analysis Tool" on Thursday, August 22, from 1:00 p.m. to 2:00 p.m. Eastern Daylight Time....
City of Los Angeles- Green Building Retrofit Requirement
In April 2009, Los Angeles enacted [clkrep.lacity.org/onlinedocs/2006/06-1963_ord_180633.pdf Ordinance 180636], known as the Green Building Retrofit Ordinance. This ordinance was later amended by...
Applications of sustainable technology to retrofits in urban areas
Energy Losses from old buildings comprise a significant percentage of the total residential energy consumption in the United States. Retrofitting buildings for conservation can greatly decrease the present energy demand ...
Taylor, Paki (Paki A.), 1974-
DOE Webinar: Retrofitting Central Space Conditioning Strategies for Multifamily Buildings
The Building America Program is hosting a no-cost, webinar-based training on Retrofitting Central Space Conditioning Strategies for Multifamily Buildings. The webinar will focus on improving the...
Tillamook County PUD- Dairy Lighting Retrofit Rebate Program
Tillamook PUD offers the Dairy Lighting Retrofit Program for its agricultural members to save energy on lighting in eligible barns/facilities. Tillamook PUD completes a lighting audit of the...
The retrofitting of existing buildings for seismic criteria
This thesis describes the process for retrofitting a building for seismic criteria. It explains the need for a new, performance-based design code to provide a range of acceptable building behavior. It then outlines the ...
Besing, Christa, 1978-
Retrofitting Doors on Open Refrigerated Cases | Department of Energy
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of Inspector GeneralDepartment of Energy fromComments onReplyofRetiring Procurement OfficialRetrofitRetrofitting
Wyandotte Neighborhood Stabilization Program: Retrofit of Two Homes
The Wyandotte NSP2 project aims to build 20 new houses and retrofit 20 existing houses in Wyandotte, MI. This report will detail the retrofit of 2 existing houses in the program. Wyandotte is part of a Michigan State Housing Development Authority-led consortium that is funded by HUD under the NSP2 program. The City of Wyandotte has also been awarded DOE EE&CBG funds that are being used to develop a district GSHP system to service the project. This draft report examines the energy efficiency recommendations for retrofit construction at these homes. The report will be of interest to anyone planning an affordable, high performance retrofit of an existing home in a Cold Climate zone. Information from this report will also be useful to retrofit or weatherization program staff as some of the proposed retrofit solutions will apply to a wide range of projects. Preliminary results from the first complete house suggest that the technology package employed (which includes spray foam insulation and insulating sheathing) does meet the specific whole house water, air, and thermal control requirements, as well as, the project's affordability goals. Monitoring of the GSHP system has been recommended and analysis of this information is not yet available.
Lukachko, A.; Grin, A.; Bergey, D.
Retrofit of a Multifamily Mass Masonry Building in New England
Merrimack Valley Habitat for Humanity (MVHfH) has partnered with Building Science Corporation to provide high performance affordable housing for 10 families in the retrofit of an existing brick building (a former convent) into condominiums. The research performed for this project provides information regarding advanced retrofit packages for multi-family masonry buildings in Cold climates. In particular, this project demonstrates safe, durable, and cost-effective solutions that will potentially benefit millions of multi-family brick buildings throughout the East Coast and Midwest (Cold climates). The retrofit packages provide insight on the opportunities for and constraints on retrofitting multifamily buildings with ambitious energy performance goals but a limited budget. The condominium conversion project will contribute to several areas of research on enclosures, space conditioning, and water heating. Enclosure items include insulation of mass masonry building on the interior, airtightness of these types of retrofits, multi-unit building compartmentalization, window selection, and roof insulation strategies. Mechanical system items include combined hydronic and space heating systems with hydronic distribution in small (low load) units, and ventilation system retrofits for multifamily buildings.
Ueno, K.; Kerrigan, P.; Wytrykowska, H.; Van Straaten, R.
Pilot Residential Deep Energy Retrofits and the PNNL Lab Homes
This report summarizes research investigating the technical and economic feasibility of several pilot deep energy retrofits, or retrofits that save 30% to 50% or more on a whole-house basis while increasing comfort, durability, combustion safety, and indoor air quality. The work is being conducted for the U.S. Department of Energy Building Technologies Program as part of the Building America Program. As part of the overall program, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) researchers are collecting and analyzing a comprehensive dataset that describes pre- and post-retrofit energy consumption, retrofit measure cost, health and comfort impacts, and other pertinent information for each home participating in the study. The research and data collection protocol includes recruitment of candidate residences, a thorough test-in audit, home energy modeling, and generation of retrofit measure recommendations, implementation of the measures, test-out, and continued evaluation. On some homes, more detailed data will be collected to disaggregate energy-consumption information. This multi-year effort began in October 2010. To date, the PNNL team has performed test-in audits on 51 homes in the marine, cold, and hot-humid climate zones, and completed 3 retrofits in Texas, 10 in Florida, and 2 in the Pacific Northwest. Two of the retrofits are anticipated to save 50% or more in energy bills and the others - savings are in the 30% to 40% range. Fourteen other retrofits are under way in the three climate zones. Metering equipment has been installed in seven of these retrofits - three in Texas, three in Florida, and one in the Pacific Northwest. This report is an interim update, providing information on the research protocol and status of the PNNL deep energy retrofit project as of December, 2011. The report also presents key findings and lessons learned, based on the body of work to date. In addition, the report summarizes the status of the PNNL Lab Homes that are new manufactured homes procured with minimal energy-efficiency specifications typical of existing homes in the region, and sited on the PNNL campus. The Lab Homes serve as a flexible test facility (the first of its kind in the Pacific Northwest) to rapidly evaluate energy-efficient and grid-smart technologies that are applicable to residential construction.
Widder, Sarah H.; Chandra, Subrato; Parker, Graham B.; Sande, Susan; Blanchard, Jeremy; Stroer, Dennis; McIlvaine, Janet; Chasar, David; Beal, David; Sutherland, Karen
Effects of Catalysts on Emissions from Heavy-Duty Diesel Retrofits...
Catalysts on Emissions from Heavy-Duty Diesel Retrofits for PM and NOX Control Effects of Catalysts on Emissions from Heavy-Duty Diesel Retrofits for PM and NOX Control The more...
A Bin Method for Calculating Energy Conservation Retrofit Savings in Commercial Buildings
The calculation of measured energy savings from energy conservation retrofits is an important step in the verification of the success of a retrofit (Claridge et al. 1992). Several methods for calculating the savings from energy conservation...
Thamilseran, S.; Haberl, J. S.
Research on Commercial Patterns of China Existing Building Energy Retrofit Based on Energy Management Contract
Existing building energy retrofit is one of the keys of building energy efficiency in China. According to experience in developed countries, implementation of energy management contract (EMC) is crucial to promote existing building energy retrofit...
Han, Z.; Liu, C.; Sun, J.
Retrofit and Testing of a Pre-Turbo, Diesel Oxidation Catalyst...
Retrofit and Testing of a Pre-Turbo, Diesel Oxidation Catalyst on a Tier 0, SD60M Freight Locomotive Achieving Over 50% PM Reduction Retrofit and Testing of a Pre-Turbo, Diesel...
ADEC II Universal SCR Retrofit System for On-road and Off-road...
ADEC II Universal SCR Retrofit System for On-road and Off-road Diesel Engines ADEC II Universal SCR Retrofit System for On-road and Off-road Diesel Engines Presentation given at...
PROFESSIONAL SERVICE Chair Technical and Economic Committee, CVSALTS Central Valley Salinity Coalition, (2008
-2008 Berkeley Laboratory Delegate, White House Conference on Industrial Ecology Department of Energy, Water-Energy, Central Valley Salinity Coalition, CVSALTS SOCIAL/CIVIC Yolo Polo Club Sutter Buttes Polo Club Wine
Quinn, Nigel
Provider-Customer Coalitional Games Chandramani Singh*, Saswati Sarkar, Alireza Aram
Provider-Customer Coalitional Games Chandramani Singh*, Saswati Sarkar, Alireza Aram Abstract), Project No. 4000-IT-A. S. Sarkar & A. Aram are in the Dep. of Electrical and Systems Eng. and Wharton
Interracial political coalitions: an analysis of justice for janitors campaigns in Houston, TX
The history of the United States is one of racial division and conquest. People of color have employed every method of resistance available to them to defend themselves against white racist aggression. Large political coalitions among racially...
Bracey, Glenn Edward
Short-Term Test Results: Multifamily Home Energy Efficiency Retrofit
Multifamily deep energy retrofits (DERs) represent great potential for energy savings, while also providing valuable insights on research-generated efficiency measures, cost-effectiveness metrics, and risk factor strategies for the multifamily housing industry. The Bay Ridge project is comprised of a base scope retrofit with a goal of achieving 30% savings (relative to pre-retrofit), and a DER scope with a goal of 50% savings (relative to pre-retrofit). The base scope has been applied to the entire complex, except for one 12-unit building which underwent the DER scope. Findings from the implementation, commissioning, and short-term testing at Bay Ridge include air infiltration reductions of greater than 60% in the DER building; a hybrid heat pump system with a Savings to Investment Ratio (SIR) > 1 (relative to a high efficiency furnace) which also provides the resident with added incentive for energy savings; and duct leakage reductions of > 60% using an aerosolized duct sealing approach. Despite being a moderate rehab instead of a gut rehab, the Bay Ridge DER is currently projected to achieve energy savings ? 50% compared to pre-retrofit, and the short-term testing supports this estimate.
Lyons, J.
Housing Stock Characterization Study: An Innovative Approach to Measuring Retrofit Impact
A residential energy efficiency retrofit loan program depends on a self-sustaining finance option and optimized retrofit measures that recoup their unsubsidized costs through energy bill savings alone within the useful life of the retrofit. A first step in evaluating retrofit options is to measure and verify their energy savings. This report evaluates Orlando Utilities Commission (OUC) residential energy-efficiency demand side management (DSM) programs to assess their relative energy and economic performance.
Jones, P.; Taylor, N.; Kipp, J.
Sustainable Energy Resources for Consumers Webinar on Residential Geothermal Heat Pump Retrofit Transcript
Transcript for a U.S. Department of Energy Webinar on Dec. 14, 2010, about residential geothermal heat pump retrofits
The U.S. Department of Energy developed the Advanced Energy Retrofit Guides (AERGs) to provide specific methodologies, information, and guidance to help energy managers and other stakeholders plan and execute energy efficiency improvements. Detailed technical discussion is fairly limited. Instead, we emphasize actionable information, practical methodologies, diverse case studies, and unbiased evaluations of the most promising retrofit energy efficiency measures for each building type. A series of AERGs is under development, addressing key segments of the commercial building stock. K-12 schools were selected as one of the highest priority building sectors, because schools affect the lives of most Americans. They also represent approximately 8% of the energy use and 10% of the floor area in commercial buildings nationwide. U.S. K-12 school districts spend more than $8 billion each year on energy - more than they spend on computers and textbooks combined. Most occupy older buildings that often have poor operational performance - more than 30% of schools were built before 1960. The average age of a school is about 42 years - which is nearly the expected serviceable lifespan of the building. K-12 schools offer unique opportunities for deep, cost-effective energy efficiency improvements, and this guide provides convenient and practical guidance for exploiting these opportunities in the context of public, private, and parochial schools.
ALSTOM Power Inc.'s Power Plant Laboratories (ALSTOM) has teamed with American Electric Power (AEP), ABB Lummus Global Inc. (ABB), the US Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory (DOE NETL), and the Ohio Coal Development Office (OCDO) to conduct a comprehensive study evaluating the technical feasibility and economics of alternate CO{sub 2} capture and sequestration technologies applied to an existing US coal-fired electric generation power plant. The motivation for this study was to provide input to potential US electric utility actions concerning GHG emissions reduction. If the US decides to reduce CO{sub 2} emissions, action would need to be taken to address existing power plants. Although fuel switching from coal to natural gas may be one scenario, it will not necessarily be a sufficient measure and some form of CO{sub 2} capture for use or disposal may also be required. The output of this CO{sub 2} capture study will enhance the public's understanding of control options and influence decisions and actions by government, regulators, and power plant owners in considering the costs of reducing greenhouse gas CO{sub 2} emissions. The total work breakdown structure is encompassed within three major reports, namely: (1) Literature Survey, (2) AEP's Conesville Unit No.5 Retrofit Study, and (3) Bench-Scale Testing and CFD Evaluation. The report on the literature survey results was issued earlier by Bozzuto, et al. (2000). Reports entitled ''AEP's Conesville Unit No.5 Retrofit Study'' and ''Bench-Scale Testing and CFD Evaluation'' are provided as companion volumes, denoted Volumes I and II, respectively, of the final report. The work performed, results obtained, and conclusions and recommendations derived therefrom are summarized.
Carl R. Bozzuto; Nsakala ya Nsakala; Gregory N. Liljedahl; Mark Palkes; John L. Marion
Measure Guideline: Three High Performance Mineral Fiber Insulation Board Retrofit Solutions
This Measure Guideline describes a high performance enclosure retrofit package that uses mineral fiber insulation board. The Measure Guideline describes retrofit assembly and details for wood frame roof and walls and for cast concrete foundations. This Measure Guideline is intended to serve contractors and designers seeking guidance for non-foam exterior insulation retrofit.
Mini-Split Heat Pumps Multifamily Retrofit Feasibility Study
Mini-split heat pumps can provide space heating and cooling in many climates and are relatively affordable. These and other features make them potentially suitable for retrofitting into multifamily buildings in cold climates to replace electric resistance heating or other outmoded heating systems. This report investigates the suitability of mini-split heat pumps for multifamily retrofits. Various technical and regulatory barriers are discussed and modeling was performed to compare long-term costs of substituting mini-splits for a variety of other heating and cooling options. A number of utility programs have retrofit mini-splits in both single family and multifamily residences. Two such multifamily programs are discussed in detail.
Dentz, J.; Podorson, D.; Varshney, K.
Grupe Homes Enters the Whole-House Retrofit Market
This article for HomeEnergy Magazine, a trade magazine on energy efficient home construction, retrofitting, remodeling, and research, describes retrofit projects by Grupe Homes of Sacramento, California, a production builder who has worked with DOE's Building America program on energy-efficient home demonstration projects. In this project, The article is a case study of Grupe's decision to enter the energy efficient remodeling market when new home sales lagged due to the economic slowdown starting in late 2007. The article also describes an energy-efficient retrofit of of a 22-year-old, 3-bedroom home in California�s Central Valley done in 2009 by Grupe. The home is Grupe's first retrofit and was done according to the criteria of Home Performance with ENERGY STAR, a national program from the EPA and DOE that promotes a comprehensive, whole-house approach to making energy-efficiency improvements. Grupe's staff were trained through the California Building Performance Contractors Association and passed the Building Performance Institute test to learn how to conduct extensive energy audits of existing houses as well to perform the energy efficient retrofits. In the retrofit home, they did extensive air sealing, replaced and added insulation, and replaced inefficient HVAC equipment and leaky can lights. They cut air leakage from 2478 to 1115 cfm 50, a 55% reduction. A Building America case study on this project was distributed at the EEBA (Energy and Environmental Building Alliance) Annual Conference in Denver, Colorado, Sept 28-30, 2009. The Home Energy article was published in the March/April 2010 issue.
Hefty, Marye G.; Gilbride, Theresa L.
Modular industrial solar retrofit project (MISR)
The intent of this paper is to describe a major Department of Energy (DOE) thrust to bring line-focus solar thermal technology to commercial readiness. This effort is referred to as the MISR Project. The project is based upon the premise that thermal energy is the basic solar thermal system output and that low-temperature, fossil fuel applications are technically the first that should be retrofitted. Experience has shown that modularity in system design and construction offers potential for reducing engineering design costs, reduces manufacturing costs, reduces installation time and expense, and improves system operational reliability. The modular design effort will be sponsored by Sandia National Laboratories with industry doing the final designs. The operational credibility of the systems will be established by allowing selected industrial thermal energy users to purchase MISR systems from suppliers and operate them for two years. Industries will be solicited by DOE/Albuquerque Operations Office to conduct these experiments on a cost sharing basis. The MISR system allowed in the experiments will have been previously qualified for the application. The project is divided into three development phases which represent three design and experiment cycles. The first cycle will use commercially available trough-type solar collectors and will incorporate 5 to 10 experiments of up to 5000 m/sup 2/ of collectors each. The project effort began in March 1980, and the first cycle is to be completed in 1985. Subsequent cycles will begin at 3-year intervals. The project is success oriented, and if the first cycle reaches commercial readiness, the project will be terminated. If not, a second, and possibly a third, development cycle will be conducted.
Alvis, R.L.
Pilot Demonstration of Phased Retrofits in Florida Homes (Fact Sheet)
The Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC) and Florida Power and Light are pursuing a collaborative energy research/utility partnership to retrofit a large number of homes using a phased approach. The project is creating detailed data on the energy and economic performance of two levels of home retrofit - simple and deep. Acting as a pilot, this project is expected to provide the information necessary to significantly reduce energy use through much larger community-scale projects in collaboration with utilities, program administrators and other market leader stakeholders.
Retrofit of Existing Residential Building: a Case Study
was reasonable, the construction quality was not good. The air leak from the circumference of window was serious and some inner surface of external walls formed condensation of moisture. Before retrofit, the annual heating energy consumption was 9.28?108kJ.... The annual coal consumption for heating was 31.68 tons standard coal. After retrofit, the annual heat consumption was 6.73?108kJ. The annual coal consumption for heating was 22.97 tons standard coal. With the 2.55?108kJ reduction of the annual heating...
Zhao, L.; Xu, W.; Li, L.; Gao, G.
Measured Cooling Performance and Potential for Buried Duct Condensation in a 1991 Central Florida Retrofit Home
FSEC conducted energy performance monitoring of two existing residences in Central Florida that were undergoing various retrofits. These homes were occupied by FSEC researchers and were fully instrumented to provide detailed energy, temperature, and humidity measurements. The data provided feedback about the performance of two levels of retrofit in two types of homes in a hot-humid climate. This report covers a moderate-level retrofit and includes two years of pre-retrofit data to characterize the impact of improvements. The other home is a 'deep energy retrofit' (detailed in a separate report) that has performed at near zero energy with a photovoltaic (PV) system and extensive envelope improvements.
Chasar, D.; Withers, C.
Energy and Indoor Environmental Quality Retrofits in Low-Income
Buildings are responsible for about 40 percent of the total U.S. energy demand and carbon dioxide environmental measurements and collect energy consumption data. Based on analyses of the data collected fromEnergy and Indoor Environmental Quality Retrofits in Low-Income Apartments ENVIRONMENTAL ENERGY
Expert Meeting Report: Retrofit Implementation - A Neighborhood at a Time
This report provides information about a Building America expert meeting hosted by research team Consortium for Advanced Residential Buildings on October 25, 2011, in New York City. The meeting discussed several community residential retrofit projects underway across the United States, and included representatives from utilities, energy program implementation firms, affordable housing agencies, and the financing industry.
Griffiths, D.
Retrofitting Existing Buildings for Demand Response & Energy Efficiency
partnership) · Plug loads, data centers remainder (solution: WTR, WBM) Source: US Energy Information, higher "critical peak" energy charges will be assessed for usage between noon and 6pm. - CustomersRetrofitting Existing Buildings for Demand Response & Energy Efficiency www
California at Los Angeles, University of
Seismic Retrofitting of RC Frames with RC Infilling
Seismic Retrofitting of RC Frames with RC Infilling SERIES Workshop: "Role of research infrastructures in seismic rehabilitation" 8 - 9 February 2012, Istanbul, Turkey C. Z. Chrysostomou, N. Kyriakides, P. Kotronis, P. Roussis, M. Poljansek, F. Taucer RC Infilling of Existing RC Structures for Seismic
A Retrofit Tool for Improving Energy Efficiency of Commercial Buildings
Existing buildings will dominate energy use in commercial buildings in the United States for three decades or longer and even in China for the about two decades. Retrofitting these buildings to improve energy efficiency and reduce energy use is thus critical to achieving the target of reducing energy use in the buildings sector. However there are few evaluation tools that can quickly identify and evaluate energy savings and cost effectiveness of energy conservation measures (ECMs) for retrofits, especially for buildings in China. This paper discusses methods used to develop such a tool and demonstrates an application of the tool for a retrofit analysis. The tool builds on a building performance database with pre-calculated energy consumption of ECMs for selected commercial prototype buildings using the EnergyPlus program. The tool allows users to evaluate individual ECMs or a package of ECMs. It covers building envelope, lighting and daylighting, HVAC, plug loads, service hot water, and renewable energy. The prototype building can be customized to represent an actual building with some limitations. Energy consumption from utility bills can be entered into the tool to compare and calibrate the energy use of the prototype building. The tool currently can evaluate energy savings and payback of ECMs for shopping malls in China. We have used the tool to assess energy and cost savings for retrofit of the prototype shopping mall in Shanghai. Future work on the tool will simplify its use and expand it to cover other commercial building types and other countries.
Levine, Mark; Feng, Wei; Ke, Jing; Hong, Tianzhen; Zhou, Nan
An actuarial approach to retrofit savings in buildings
An actuarial method has been developed for determining energy savings from retrofits from energy use data for a number of buildings. This method should be contrasted with the traditional method of using pre- and post-retrofit data on the same building. This method supports the U.S. Department of Energy Building Performance Database of real building performance data and related tools that enable engineering and financial practitioners to evaluate retrofits. The actuarial approach derives, from the database, probability density functions (PDFs) for energy savings from retrofits by creating peer groups for the user�s pre post buildings. From the energy use distribution of the two groups, the savings PDF is derived. This provides the basis for engineering analysis as well as financial risk analysis leading to investment decisions. Several technical issues are addressed: The savings PDF is obtained from the pre- and post-PDF through a convolution. Smoothing using kernel density estimation is applied to make the PDF more realistic. The low data density problem can be mitigated through a neighborhood methodology. Correlations between pre and post buildings are addressed to improve the savings PDF. Sample size effects are addressed through the Kolmogorov--Smirnov tests and quantile-quantile plots.
Subbarao, Krishnappa; Etingov, Pavel V.; Reddy, T. A.
Building America Webinar: Who's Successfully Doing Deep Energy Retrofits?
The webinar on June 25, 2014, focused on specific Building America projects that highlighted real-world examples of deep energy retrofits (DER) that are meeting with technical and market success. Presenters focused on technical strategies, modeled and actual performance results, and project costs.
The webinar will focus on specific Building America projects and case studies that highlight real-world examples of deep energy retrofits that are meeting with technical and market success. Presenters will focus on technical strategies, modeled and actual performance results, and project costs.
Cascade Apartments - Deep Energy Multifamily Retrofit , Kent, Washington (Fact Sheet)
High-Efficiency Retrofit Lessons for Retail from a SuperTarget: Preprint
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory partnered with Target under the Commercial Building Program to design and implement a retrofit of a SuperTarget in Thornton, CO. The result was a retrofit design that predicted 37% energy savings over ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2004, and 29% compared to existing (pre-retrofit) store consumption. The largest savings came from energy efficient lighting, energy efficient cooling systems, improved refrigeration, and better control of plug loads.
Langner, R.; Deru, M.; Hirsch, A.; Williams, S.
Chamberlain Heights Redevelopment: A Large Scale, Cold Climate Study of Affordable Housing Retrofits
The City of Meriden Housing Authority (MHA) collaborated with affordable housing developer Jonathon Rose Companies (JRC) to complete a gut renovation of 124 residential units in the Chamberlain Heights retrofit project. The affordable housing community is made up of 36 buildings in duplex and quad configurations located on 22 acres within two miles of downtown Meriden, CT. The final post-retrofit analysis showed 40-45% source energy savings over the existing pre-retrofit conditions.
Donnelly, K.; Mahle, M.
Next Step Toward Widespread Residential Deep Energy Retrofits
The complexity of deep energy retrofits warrants additional training to successfully manage multiple improvements that will change whole house air, heat, and moisture flow dynamics. The home performance contracting industry has responded to these challenges by aggregating skilled labor for assessment of and implementation under one umbrella. Two emerging business models are profiled that seek to resolve many of the challenges, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats described for the conventional business models.
McIlvaine, J.; Saunders, S.; Bordelon, E.; Baden, S.; Elam, L.; Martin, E.
Commissioning of the Fresno, California, Retrofit Unoccupied Test House
Commissioning of instrumentation and limited short-term testing have been completed on a retrofit unoccupied test house in Fresno, California. This house is intended to be used as a laboratory in which several different methods of space conditioning distribution will be evaluated. This report provides background on the project, including specifications of the house and models used in its development, along with models to be evaluated through its operation.
Stecher, D.; Imm, C.
Continuous Commissioning: A Valuable Partner to Retrofit Projects
-hand corner. Prior to commissioning, any changes in the duct static pressure or discharge air temperature setpoints did not affect the VFD speed. The operation of five AHUs was analyzed using the data collected through the EMCS. Table 2 presents summarized... variable frequency drives on constant speed motors and installing/modifying the DDC control system to control and optimize operation and to improve the system efficiency. In most cases, the retrofit projects realize their projected energy savings...
Turner, W. D.; Banks, K.; Athar, A.; Yazdani, B.; Zhu, Y.; Culp, C.
Need for Systematic Retrofit Analysis in Multifamily Buildings
Multifamily housing offers high potential for energy savings through retrofits. A comprehensive energy audit with systematic evaluation of alternative energy measures is one of the key steps to realizing the full energy savings potential. However, this potential often remains unrealized when the selection of measures is (1) based on a one-size-fits-all approach originating from accustomed practices, (2) intended merely to meet code-compliance requirements, and/or (3) influenced by owner renter split incentive. In such cases, the benefits of comprehensive energy auditing are disregarded in view of the apparent difficulty in diagnosing multifamily buildings, evaluating alternative measures, and installing customized sets of measures. This paper highlights some of the barriers encountered in a multifamily housing retrofit project in Georgia and demonstrates the merits of systematic retrofit analysis by identifying opportunities for higher energy savings and improved comfort and indoor air quality that were missed in this project. The study uses a whole-building energy analysis conducted for a 10-unit, low-rise, multifamily building of a 110-unit apartment complex. The analysis projected a 24% energy savings from the measures installed in the building with a payback period of 10 years. Further analysis with a systematic evaluation of alternative measures showed that without compromising on the objectives of durability, livability, and appearance of the building, energy savings of up to 34% were achievable with a payback period of 7 years. The paper concludes by outlining recommendations that may benefit future retrofit projects by improving the audit process, streamlining tasks, and achieving higher energy savings.
Malhotra, Mini [ORNL; Im, Piljae [ORNL
Energy Efficient Crawlspace Foundation Retrofit: Mixed Humid Climate
Residential quality management systems have most often been designed for new home construction. To address quality in existing homes in the form of Scopes of Work (SOW), the NAHB Research Center began with a new construction scope of work and applied it to an existing home project. This document is intended to outline the steps of translating a new home construction SOW to SOW for retrofit.
Del Bianco, M.; Wiehagen, J.; Wood, A.
Retrofit Program Lead-by-Example Resources | Department of Energy
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of Inspector GeneralDepartment of Energy fromComments onReplyofRetiring Procurement OfficialRetrofit Program
Passive solar retrofit: an investment for the future
America has a large inventory of older buildings which are directly contributing to the energy crunch. These liabilities could be converted to assets with the proper application of conservation and solar techniques. Through the use of one typical example, the economic and social benefits of such a conversion are discussed. A somewhat unusual method of financing is described, and a set of economic criteria often overlooked in the evaluation of a solar retrofit potential is addressed.
Balcomb, S.A.
Short-Term Test Results: Transitional Housing Energy Efficiency Retrofit in the Hot-Humid Climate
This project evaluates the renovation of a 5,800 ft2, multi-use facility located in St. Petersburg, on the west coast of central Florida, in the hot humid climate. An optimal package of retrofit measures was designed to deliver 30-40% annual energy cost savings for this building with annual utility bills exceeding $16,000 and high base load consumption. Researchers projected energy cost savings for potential retrofit measures based on pre-retrofit findings and disaggregated, weather normalized utility bills as a basis for simulation true-up. A cost-benefit analysis was conducted for the seven retrofit measures implemented; adding attic insulation and sealing soffits, tinting windows, improving whole building air-tightness, upgrading heating and cooling systems and retrofitting the air distribution system, replacing water heating systems, retrofitting lighting, and replacing laundry equipment. The projected energy cost savings for the full retrofit package based on a post-retrofit audit is 35%. The building's architectural characteristics, vintage, and residential and commercial uses presented challenges for both economic projections and retrofit measure construction.
Sutherland, K.; Martin, E.
SciTech Connect: Analysis of Pre-Retrofit Building and Utility...
and Utility Data IBACOS analyzed pre-retrofit daily utility data to sort homes by energy consumption, allowing for better targeting of homes for physical audits. Following...
Performance of a Hot-Dry Climate Whole-House Retrofit
The Stockton house retrofit is a two-story tudor style single family deep retrofit in the hot-dry climate of Stockton, CA. The home is representative of a deep retrofit option of the scaled home energy upgrade packages offered to targeted neighborhoods under the pilot Large-Scale Retrofit Program (LSRP) administered by the Alliance for Residential Building Innovation (ARBI). Deep retrofit packages expand on the standard package by adding HVAC, water heater and window upgrades to the ducting, attic and floor insulation, domestic hot water insulation, envelope sealing, lighting and ventilation upgrades. Site energy savings with the deep retrofit were 23% compared to the pre-retrofit case, and 15% higher than the savings estimated for the standard retrofit package. Energy savings were largely a result of the water heater upgrade, and a combination of the envelope sealing, insulation and HVAC upgrade. The HVAC system was of higher efficiency than the building code standard. Overall the financed retrofit would have been more cost effective had a less expensive HVAC system been selected and barriers to wall insulation remedied. The homeowner experienced improved comfort throughout the monitored period and was satisfied with the resulting utility bill savings.
Weitzel, E.; German, A.; Porse, E.
Hungary-Employment Impacts of a Large-Scale Deep Building Retrofit...
Deep Building Retrofit Programme AgencyCompany Organization European Climate Foundation Sector Energy Focus Area Energy Efficiency, Buildings, - Building Energy Efficiency...
Protocol for Maximizing Energy Savings and Indoor Environmental Quality Improvements when Retrofitting Apartments
The current focus on building energy retrofit provides an opportunity to simultaneously improve indoor environmental quality (IEQ). Toward this end, we developed a protocol for selecting packages of retrofits that both save energy and improve IEQ in apartments. The protocol specifies the methodology for selecting retrofits from a candidate list while addressing expected energy savings, IEQ impacts, and costs in an integrated manner. Interviews, inspections and measurements are specified to collect the needed input information. The protocol was applied to 17 apartments in three buildings in two different climates within California. Diagnostic measurements and surveys conducted before and after retrofit implementation indicate enhanced apartment performance.
Noris, Federico; Delp, William W.; Vermeer, Kimberly; Adamkiewicz, Gary; Singer, Brett C.; Fisk, William J.
Calculating Energy and Demand Retrofit Savings for Stroman High School: Interim Report
As part of the LoanSTAR program, Stroman High School in Victoria Texas underwent two retrofits: a) an absorption chiller was changed to an electric vapor compression chiller, and b) an EMCS system was installed after about 5 months in the post retrofit... the pre-retrofit climate conditions. Both approaches are applied to the LoanSTAR site Stroman High School (SHS) in Victoria, Texas, in which (1) pre-retrofit data were not available , and (2) an absorption chiller was replaced by a vapor compression...
Liu, Y.; Reddy, T. A.; Katipamula, S.; Claridge, D. E.
Text-Alternative Version: Using the Street and Parking Facility Lighting Retrofit Financial Analysis Tool
Below is the text-alternative version of the "Using the Street and Parking Facility Lighting Retrofit Financial Analysis Tool" webcast, held August 22, 2013.
Case study field evaluation of a systems approach to retrofitting a residential HVAC system
Practices for Residential HVAC Systems�. Boston, MA. Jump,techniques for measuring HVAC grille air flows". ASHRAEPractices Guide for Residential HVAC Retrofits. LBNL 53592.
Walker, Iain S.; McWiliams, Jennifer A.; Konopacki, Steven J.
Text-Alternative Version of Building America Webinar: Retrofitting Central Space Conditioning Strategies for Multifamily Buildings
A text-alternative version of the Building America webinar, Retrofitting Central Space Conditioning Strategies for Multifamily Buildings held on July 16, 2014.
Text-Alternative Version: Municipal Solid-State Street Lighting Consortium Retrofit Financial Analysis Tool Webcast
Below is the text-alternative version of the "Municipal Solid-State Street Lighting Consortium Retrofit Financial Analysis Tool" webcast, held April 3, 2012.
ADEC II Universal SCR Retrofit System for On-road and Off-road Diesel Engines Richard Carlson Extengine Transport Systems, LLC Fullerton, California 2006 DEER Conference Poster...
Deep Energy Retrofit Performance Metric Comparison: Eight California Case Studies
In this paper we will present the results of monitored annual energy use data from eight residential Deep Energy Retrofit (DER) case studies using a variety of performance metrics. For each home, the details of the retrofits were analyzed, diagnostic tests to characterize the home were performed and the homes were monitored for total and individual end-use energy consumption for approximately one year. Annual performance in site and source energy, as well as carbon dioxide equivalent (CO{sub 2}e) emissions were determined on a per house, per person and per square foot basis to examine the sensitivity to these different metrics. All eight DERs showed consistent success in achieving substantial site energy and CO{sub 2}e reductions, but some projects achieved very little, if any source energy reduction. This problem emerged in those homes that switched from natural gas to electricity for heating and hot water, resulting in energy consumption dominated by electricity use. This demonstrates the crucial importance of selecting an appropriate metric to be used in guiding retrofit decisions. Also, due to the dynamic nature of DERs, with changes in occupancy, size, layout, and comfort, several performance metrics might be necessary to understand a project�s success.
Walker, Iain; Fisher, Jeremy; Less, Brennan
Field Assessment of Energy Audit Tools for Retrofit Programs
This project focused on the use of home energy ratings as a tool to promote energy retrofits in existing homes. A home energy rating provides a quantitative appraisal of a home's asset performance, usually compared to a benchmark such as the average energy use of similar homes in the same region. Home rating systems can help motivate homeowners in several ways. Ratings can clearly communicate a home's achievable energy efficiency potential, provide a quantitative assessment of energy savings after retrofits are completed, and show homeowners how they rate compared to their neighbors, thus creating an incentive to conform to a social standard. An important consideration is how rating tools for the retrofit market will integrate with existing home energy service programs. For residential programs that target energy savings only, home visits should be focused on key efficiency measures for that home. In order to gain wide adoption, a rating tool must be easily integrated into the field process, demonstrate consistency and reasonable accuracy to earn the trust of home energy technicians, and have a low monetary cost and time hurdle for homeowners. Along with the Home Energy Score, this project also evaluated the energy modeling performance of SIMPLE and REM/Rate.
Edwards, J.; Bohac, D.; Nelson, C.; Smith, I.
An Experimental and Analytical Evaluation of Wall And Window Retrofit Configurations: Supporting the Residential Retrofit Best Practices Guide
A Retrofit Best Practices Guide was developed to encourage homeowners to consider energy conservation issues whenever they modify their siding or windows. In support of this guide, an experimental program was implemented to measure the performance of a number of possible wall siding and window retrofit configurations. Both thermal and air-leakage measurements were made for a 2.4 x 2.4 m (8 x 8 ft) wall section with and without a 0.9 x 1.2 m (3 x 4 ft) window. The windows tested were previously well-characterized at a dedicated window test facility. A computer model was also used to provide information for the Best Practices Guide. The experimental data for walls and windows were used in conjunction with this model to estimate the total annual energy savings for several typical houses in a number of different locations.
Stovall, Therese K [ORNL; Petrie, Thomas [ORNL; Kosny, Jan [ORNL; Childs, Phillip W [ORNL; Atchley, Jerald Allen [ORNL; Hulvey, Kimberly D [ORNL
PREPRINT: Nonoutsourceable Scratch-Off Puzzles to Discourage Bitcoin Mining Coalitions
PREPRINT: Nonoutsourceable Scratch-Off Puzzles to Discourage Bitcoin Mining Coalitions Andrew://cs.umd.edu/~amiller/nonoutsourceable.pdf. ABSTRACT An implicit goal of Bitcoin's reward structure is to diffuse network influence over a diverse, decentralized population of individual participants. Indeed, Bitcoin's security claims rely on no single entity
Katz, Jonathan
A Coalition Formation Game for Energy-efficient Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio
A Coalition Formation Game for Energy-efficient Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio to realize spectrum reuse and increase the spectrum efficiency in cognitive radio networks (CRNs]. As for spectrum sensing, each SU is required to sense the radio environment within its operating range to find
Wong, Vincent
Coalitional Games for Distributed Collaborative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks
Coalitional Games for Distributed Collaborative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks Walid for large periods of time [1]. In order to efficiently exploit these spectrum holes, cognitive radio (CR, University of Houston, Houston, USA, Email:email@example.com 3 Alcatel-Lucent Chair in Flexible Radio, SUP
Patterns of coalition formation by adult female baboons in Amboseli, Kenya
Patterns of coalition formation by adult female baboons in Amboseli, Kenya JOAN B. SILK*, SUSAN CDepartment of Biology, Duke University zInstitute for Primate Research, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya x, in Amboseli, Kenya. There is a broad consensus that, when ecological conditions favour collective defence
Alberts, Susan C
Text-Alternative Version of Building America Webinar: Low-e Storms: The Next "Big Thing" in Window Retrofits
Low-e Storms:� The Next �Big Thing� in Window RetrofitsOfficial Webinar Transcript (September 9, 2014)
Cast Metals Coalition Technology Transfer and Program Management Final Report
The Cast Metals Coalition (CMC) partnership program was funded to ensure that the results of the Department of Energy's (DOE) metalcasting research and development (R&D) projects are successfully deployed into industry. Specifically, the CMC program coordinated the transfer and deployment of energy saving technologies and process improvements developed under separately funded DOE programs and projects into industry. The transition of these technologies and process improvements is a critical step in the path to realizing actual energy savings. At full deployment, DOE funded metalcasting R&D results are projected to save 55% of the energy used by the industry in 1998. This closely aligns with DOE's current goal of driving a 25% reduction in industrial energy intensity by 2017. In addition to benefiting DOE, these energy savings provide metalcasters with a significant economic advantage. Deployment of already completed R&D project results and those still underway is estimated to return over 500% of the original DOE and industry investment. Energy savings estimates through December 2008 from the Energy-Saving Melting and Revert Reduction Technology (E-SMARRT) portfolio of projects alone are 12 x 1012 BTUs, with a projection of over 50 x 1012 BTUs ten years after program completion. These energy savings and process improvements have been made possible through the unique collaborative structure of the CMC partnership. The CMC team consists of DOE's Office of Industrial Technology, the three leading metalcasting technical societies in the U.S: the American Foundry Society; the North American Die Casting Association; and the Steel Founders Society of America; and the Advanced Technology Institute (ATI), a recognized leader in distributed technology management. CMC provides collaborative leadership to a complex industry composed of approximately 2,100 companies, 80% of which employ less than 100 people, and only 4% of which employ more than 250 people. Without collaboration, new technologies enabling energy efficiencies and environment-friendly improvements are slow to develop, and have trouble obtaining a broad application. The CMC team was able to effectively and efficiently transfer the results of DOE's metalcasting R&D projects to industry by utilizing and delivering the numerous communication vehicles identified in the proposal. The three metalcasting technical associations achieved significant technology transition results under this program. In addition to reaching over 23,000 people per year through Modern Casting and 28,000 through Engineered Casting Solutions, AFS had 84 national publications and reached over 1,200 people annually through Cast Metals Institute (CMI) education courses. NADCA's education department reached over 1,000 people each year through their courses, in addition to reaching over 6,000 people annually through Die Casting Engineer, and publishing 58 papers. The SFSA also published 99 research papers and reached over 1,000 people annually through their member newsletters. In addition to these communication vehicles, the CMC team conducted numerous technical committee meetings, project reviews, and onsite visits. All of these efforts to distribute the latest metalcasting technologies contributed to the successful deployment of DOE's R&D projects into industry. The DOE/CMC partnership demonstrated significant success in the identification and review of relevant and easy-to-implement metalcasting energy-saving processes and technologies so that the results are quickly implemented and become general practice. The results achieved in this program demonstrate that sustained technology transfer efforts are a critical step in the deployment of R&D projects to industry.
Gwyn, Mike
Measured energy savings and economics of retrofitting existing single- family homes: An update of the BECA-B database
These appendices are the companion volume to report number LBL--28147 Vol.1, with the same title. The summary data tables include physical characteristics, energy consumption, savings, and the retrofit measures installed and their costs for each retrofit project. Each existing single family residential building'' retrofit project in the BECA-B database is described. 99 refs. (BM)
Cohen, S.D.; Goldman, C.A.; Harris, J.P.
Sonoma House: Monitoring of the First U.S. Passive House Retrofit
The Sonoma Deep Retrofit is a single-story deep retrofit project in the marine climate of Sonoma, California. The design was guided by Passive House principles which promote the use of very high levels of wall, ceiling, and floor insulation along with tight envelope construction to maintain a comfortable indoor environment with little or no need for conventional heating or cooling.
German, A.; Weitzel, B.; Backman, C.; Hoeschele, M.; Dakin, B.
Retrofitting Vegas: Implementing Energy Efficiency in Two Las Vegas Test Homes
In 2009, the state of Nevada received nearly forty million dollars in Neighborhood Stabilization Funds from the Department of Housing and Urban Development. The purpose of this funding was to stabilize communities that have suffered from foreclosures and abandonment. In an effort to provide guidance to local officials and maximize how effectively this NSP funding is utilized in retrofitting homes, CARB provided design specifications, energy modeling, and technical support for the Building America Retrofit Alliance (BARA) team and its local partners - Better Building Performance, Nevada Energy Star Partners Green Alliance, and Home Free Nevada - for two retrofit test homes. One home was to demonstrate a modest retrofit and the other a deep energy retrofit. Through this project, CARB has provided two robust solution packages for retrofitting homes built in this region between the 1980s and early 1990s without substantially inconveniencing the occupants. The two test homes, the Carmen and Sierra Hills, demonstrate how cost-effectively energy efficient upgrades can be implemented in the hot, dry climate of the Southwest. In addition, the homes were used as an educational experience for home performance professionals, building trades, remodelers, and the general public. In-field trainings on air-sealing, HVAC upgrades, and insulating were provided to local contractors during the retrofit and BARA documented these retrofits through a series of video presentations, beginning with a site survey and concluding with the finished remodel and test out.
Puttagunta, S.
Expert Meeting Report: Interior Insulation Retrofit of Mass Masonry Wall Assemblies
The Building Science Consortium held an Expert Meeting on Interior Insulation Retrofit of Mass Masonry Wall Assemblies on July 30, 2011 at the Westford Regency Hotel in Westford, MA. This report outlines the extensive information that was presented on assessment of risk factors for premature building deterioration due to interior insulation retrofits, and methods to reduce such risks.
Ueno, K.; Van Straaten, R.
Using Auxiliary Gas Power for CCS Energy Needs in Retrofitted Coal Power Plants
1 Using Auxiliary Gas Power for CCS Energy Needs in Retrofitted Coal Power Plants by Sarah Bashadi and Policy Program #12;2 #12;3 Using Auxiliary Gas Power for CCS Energy Needs in Retrofitted Coal Power, a significant amount of excess power was produced using both gas turbine configurations. This excess power could
Air Leakage of US Homes: Regression Analysis and Improvements from Retrofit
Air Leakage of US Homes: Regression Analysis and Improvements from Retrofit Wanyu R. Chan, Jeffrey,000 single-family detached homes have sufficient information for the analysis of air leakage in relation variability in normalized leakage. ResDB also contains the before and after retrofit air leakage measurements
The USDOE Forrestal Building Lighting Retrofit: Preliminary Analysis of Electricity Savings
In September of 1993 a 36,832 fixture lighting retrofit was completed at the United States Department of Energy Forrestal complex in Washington, D.C. This retrofit represents DOE's largest project to date that utilizes a Shared Energy Savings (SES...
Haberl, J. S.; Bou-Saada, T. E.; Vajda, E. J.; Shincovich, M.; D'Angelo III, L.; Harris, L.
Seismic retrofit of concrete-encased riveted stiffened seat angle connections
Seismic retrofit of concrete-encased riveted stiffened seat angle connections Michel Bruneau Ottawa: Seismic retrofit, semi-rigid connections, concrete-encased, stiffened seat, ductile steel fuse, riveted frequently found in buildings constructed in the seismic zones of Eastern North America prior
Bruneau, Michel
Instructions for "The Great Energy Predictor Shootout II: Measuring Retrofit Energy Savings"
and compare how those models can be used to calculate energy conservation retrofit savings. ASHRAE's TC 1.5 and TC 4.7 have authorized a "Building Energy Predictor Shootout II: Measuring Retrofit Energy Savings" which is the focus of this competition....
Haberl, J. S.; Kreider, J. F.
An Evaluation of Energy-Saving Retrofits from the Texas LoanSTAR Program
This report discusses the LoanSTAR retrofit savings through December 1993 with an emphasis on the Constant Volume to Variable Air Volume air-handler retrofits. The report also summarizes several key findings about the LoanSTAR program which has 70...
Haberl, J. S.; Claridge, D. E.; Heneghan, T.; Sieggreen, R.; Sims, J.
The Coalitional Switch-off Game of Service Cengis Hasan, Eitan Altman and Jean-Marie Gorce
The Coalitional Switch-off Game of Service Providers Cengis Hasan, Eitan Altman and Jean, 2004 Route des Lucioles, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex, France {cengis.hasan, eitan
Newporter Apartments: Deep Energy Retrofit Short-Term Results
This project demonstrates a path to meet the goal of the Building America program to reduce home energy use by 30% in multi-family buildings. The project demonstrates cost effective energy savings targets as well as improved comfort and indoor environmental quality (IEQ) associated with deep energy retrofits by a large public housing authority as part of a larger rehabilitation effort. The project focuses on a typical 1960's vintage low-rise multi-family apartment community (120 units in three buildings).
Gordon, A.; Howard, L.; Kunkle, R.; Lubliner, M.; Auer, D.; Clegg, Z.
Glove port retrofit assembly and method of replacing components
DOE Patents [OSTI]
What is disclosed is a system for retrofitting a sealed enclosure for performing work therein having an outer enclosure assembly configured to be clamped to the outer annular face of a port ring and form a sealed engagement with the outer annular surface of the port ring, a change assembly having an inner ring and an access element wherein the inner ring has a first annular cylinder body that is sized to be slidably received by the port ring and the access element is configured to be sealably and slidably positioned within the first annular cylinder body of the inner ring.
Giesen, Isaac M; Cournoyer, Michael E; Rael, David G
MHD (magnetohydrodynamics) retrofit of a coal-fired generating plant
This report presents the following appendices on the design of a coal-fired MHD retrofit: AVCO part load study; AVCO full load calculations; MSE mass balance calculations; Corette/MHD combined plant overall efficiency estimate; Corette boiler efficiency estimate; dynamic modeling and control simulation; combustor and nozzle scaling approach; field inductance and energy calculations; diagnostic instrumentation listing; equipment list; cost estimate factors; equipment and vendor costs data; CFFF test information; HRSR-ESP seed/ash calculations; and K{sub 2}/S molar ratio.
Retrofit Analysis of Older, Single Family Housing in San Antonio
Retrofit Analysis of Older, Single Family Housing in San Antonio Hazem Rashed-Ali, PhD, University of Texas at San Antonio CATEE 2013 Clean Air Through Energy Efficiency Conference December 16-18, 2013 San Antonio, TX 12/17/2013 ESL-KT-13...-12-05 CATEE 2013: Clean Air Through Energy Efficiency Conference, San Antonio, Texas Dec. 16-18 Background � Approximately one third of all residential housing units in US (about 40 million) were built before 1960 ( American Housing Survey, 2008), � City...
Rashed-Ali, H.
Retrofit Energy Savings Estimation Model | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of InspectorConcentrating Solar PowerstoriesNrelPartnerType Jump to:CoStrategies (EC-LEDS) | OpentopicsRetrofit
Results from Development of Model Specifications for Multifamily Energy Retrofits
Specifications, modeled after CSI MasterFormat, provide the trade contractors and builders with requirements and recommendations on specific building materials, components and industry practices that comply with the expectations and intent of the requirements within the various funding programs associated with a project. The goal is to create a greater level of consistency in execution of energy efficiency retrofits measures across the multiple regions a developer may work. IBACOS and Mercy Housing developed sample model specifications based on a common building construction type that Mercy Housing encounters.
Brozyna, K.
Retrofit Ramp-Up Selected Projects* | Department of Energy
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "of EnergyEnergyENERGY TAXBalancedDepartmentRestrictions on Federal Employees AcceptanceRetrofit Ramp-Up
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "ofEarly Careerlumens_placard-green.eps MoreWSRC-STI-2007-00250ThisMarsh More DocumentsNOWEGISfromRetrofit
Boston solar retrofits: studies of solar access and economics
Studies of solar access and solar retrofit economics are described for residential applications in the City of Boston. The study of solar access was based upon a random sample of 94 buildings; the sample was stratified to ensure a broad geographic representation from the city's various sections. Using available data on the heights and orientations of the sampled structures and surrounding buildings, each building's hourly access to sunlight was computed separately for the roof and south facing walls. These data were then aggregated by broad structural classifications in order to provide general measures of solar access. The second study was a comparative analysis of the economics of several solar heating and hot water systems. An active hot water system, installed using pre-assembled, commercially purchased equipment, was selected as a reference technology. A variety of measures of economic performance were computed for this system, with and without existing tax credits and under various financing arrangements. Next, a number of alternative approaches for solar space and water heating were identified from interviews with individuals and groups involved in solar retrofit projects in the Boston area. The objective was to identify approaches that many of those interviewed believe to be low-cost means of applying solar energy in residential settings. The approaches selected include thermal window covers, wall collectors, bread box water heaters, and sun spaces. Preliminary estimates of the performance of several representative designs were developed and the economics of these designs evaluated.
Shapiro, M.
Question & Answer with Heather Harward: H2O4Texas Coalition promotes state water plan implementations
are conducting a statewide public education and awareness campaign hoping to invigorate Question & Answer with Heather Harward H#31;O#30;TEXAS Coalition promotes state water plan implementation 2 Texans at the grassroots and get them energized about... implementation of the plan, we need to get Texans energized about the state water plan and calling for implementation. Having the backing of Texans is important to a Legislature that will ultimately make the decision. Q: How many partners are currently...
Kalisek, Danielle
Colorado Environmental Coalition v. Office of Legacy Management, Civil
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious Rank EERE:YearRound-Up fromDepartmentTieCelebrate Earth Codes and StandardsColleenAction No. 08-cv-01624
National Grid Deep Energy Retrofit Pilot, Massachusetts and Rhode Island (Fact Sheet)
Between December, 2009 and December, 2012 42 deep energy retrofit (DER) projects were completed through a DER pilot program sponsored by National Grid and conducted in Massachusetts and Rhode Island. 37 of these projects were comprehensive retrofits while 5 were partial DERs, meaning that high performance retrofit was implemented for a single major enclosure component or a limited number of major enclosure components. The 42 DER projects represent 60 units of housing. The comprehensive projects all implemented a consistent "package" of measures in terms of the performance targeted for major building components. Projects exhibited some variations in the approach to implementing the retrofit package. Pre- and post-retrofit air leakage measurements were performed for each of the projects. Each project also reported information about project costs including identification of energy-related costs. Post-retrofit energy-use data was obtained for 29 of the DER projects. Post-retrofit energy use was analyzed based on the net energy used by the DER project regardless of whether the energy was generated on site or delivered to the site. Homeowner surveys were returned by 12 of the pilot participants. Based on the community experience, this DER package is expected to result in yearly source energy use near 110 MMBtu/year or approximately 40% below the Northeast regional average. Larger to medium sized homes that successful implement these retrofits can be expected to achieve source EUI that is comparable to Passive House targets for new construction. The community of DER projects show post-retrofit airtightness below 1.5 ACH50 to be eminently achievable.
Performance Results for Massachusetts and Rhode Island Deep Energy Retrofit Pilot Community
Between December, 2009 and December, 2012 42 deep energy retrofit (DER) projects were completed through a DER pilot program sponsored by National Grid and conducted in Massachusetts and Rhode Island. 37 of these projects were comprehensive retrofits while 5 were partial DERs, meaning that high performance retrofit was implemented for a single major enclosure component or a limited number of major enclosure components. The 42 DER projects represent 60 units of housing. The comprehensive projects all implemented a consistent 'package' of measures in terms of the performance targeted for major building components. Projects exhibited some variations in the approach to implementing the retrofit package. Pre- and post-retrofit air leakage measurements were performed for each of the projects. Each project also reported information about project costs including identification of energy-related costs. Post-retrofit energy-use data was obtained for 29 of the DER projects. Post-retrofit energy use was analyzed based on the net energy used by the DER project regardless of whether the energy was generated on site or delivered to the site. Homeowner surveys were returned by 12 of the pilot participants. Based on the community experience, this DER package is expected to result in yearly source energy use near 110 MMBtu/year or approximately 40% below the Northeast regional average. Larger to medium sized homes that successful implement these retrofits can be expected to achieve source EUI that is comparable to Passive House targets for new construction. The community of DER projects show post-retrofit airtightness below 1.5 ACH50 to be eminently achievable.
Gates, C.; Neuhauser, K.
Test Methods and Protocols for Environmental and Safety Hazards Associated with Home Energy Retrofits
A number of health hazards and hazards to the durability of homes may be associated with energy retrofitting and home renovation projects. Among the hazards associated with energy retrofit work, exposure to radon is thought to cause more than 15,000 deaths per year in the U.S., while carbon monoxide poisoning results in about 20,000 injuries and 450 deaths per year. Testing procedures have been developed for identifying and quantifying hazards during retrofitting. These procedures commonly include a battery of tests to screen combustion appliances for safe operation, including worst case depressurization measurement, backdrafting (spillage) under depressurized or normal conditions, and carbon monoxide production.
Cautley, D.; Viner, J.; Lord, M.; Pearce, M.
Standard Measurement and Verification Plan for Lighting Retrofit Projects for Buildings and Building Sites
This document provides a framework for standard measurement and verification (M&V) of lighting retrofit and replacement projects. It was developed to provide site owners, contractors, and other involved organizations with the essential elements of a robust M&V plan for lighting projects. It includes details on all aspects of effectively measuring light levels of existing and post-retrofit projects, conducting power measurement, and developing cost-effectiveness analysis. This framework M&V plan also enables consistent comparison among similar lighting projects, and may be used to develop M&V plans for non--lighting-technology retrofits and new installations.
Richman, Eric E.
Distribution and Room Air Mixing Risks to Retrofitted Homes
?Energy efficiency upgrades reduce heating and cooling loads on a house. With enough load reduction and if the HVAC system warrants replacement, the HVAC system is often upgraded with a more efficient, lower capacity system that meets the loads of the upgraded house. For a single-story house with ceiling supply air diffusers, ducts are often removed and upgraded. For houses with ducts that are embedded in walls, the cost of demolition precludes the replacement of ducts. The challenge with the use of existing ducts is that the reduced airflow creates a decreased throw at the supply registers, and the supply air and room air do not mix well, leading to potential thermal comfort complaints. This project investigates this retrofit scenario. The issues and solutions discussed here are relevant to all climate zones, with emphasis on climates that require cooling.
Burdick, A.
Indoor Air Quality and Ventilation in Residential Deep Energy Retrofits
Because airtightening is a significant part of Deep Energy Retrofits (DERs), concerns about ventilation and Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) have emerged. To investigate this, ventilation and IAQ were assessed in 17 non-smoking California Deep Energy Retrofit homes. Inspections and surveys were used to assess household activities and ventilation systems. Pollutant sampling performed in 12 homes included six-day passive samples of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), formaldehyde and air exchange rate (AER); time-resolved data loggers were used to measure particle counts. Half of the homes provided continuous mechanical ventilation. Despite these homes being twice as airtight (3.0 and 7.6 ACH50, respectively), their median AER was indistinguishable from naturally vented homes (0.36 versus 0.37 hr--1). Numerous problems were found with ventilation systems; however, pollutant levels did not reach levels of concern in most homes. Ambient NO2 standards were exceeded in some gas cooking homes that used legacy ranges with standing pilots, and in Passive House-style homes without range hoods exhausted to outside. Cooking exhaust systems were installed and used inconsistently. The majority of homes reported using low-emitting materials, and formaldehyde levels were approximately half those in conventional new CA homes (19.7 versus 36 ?g/m3), with emissions rates nearly 40percent less (12.3 versus 20.6 ?g/m2/hr.). Presence of air filtration systems led to lower indoor particle number concentrations (PN>0.5: 8.80E+06 PN/m3 versus 2.99E+06; PN>2.5: 5.46E+0.5 PN/m3 versus 2.59E+05). The results indicate that DERs can provide adequate ventilation and IAQ, and that DERs should prioritize source control, particle filtration and well-designed local exhaust systems, while still providing adequate continuous ventilation.
Less, Brennan; Walker, Iain
Advanced Rooftop Control (ARC) Retrofit: Field-Test Results
The multi-year research study was initiated to find solutions to improve packaged equipment operating efficiency in the field. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), with funding from the U.S. Department of Energy�s (DOE�s) Building Technologies Office (BTO) and Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) conducted this research, development and demonstration (RD&D) study. Packaged equipment with constant speed supply fans is designed to provide ventilation at the design rate at all times when the fan is operating as required by building code. Although there are a number of hours during the day when a building may not be fully occupied or the need for ventilation is lower than designed, the ventilation rate cannot be adjusted easily with a constant speed fan. Therefore, modulating the supply fan in conjunction with demand controlled ventilation (DCV) will not only reduce the coil energy but also reduce the fan energy. The objective of this multi-year research, development and demonstration project was to determine the magnitude of energy savings achievable by retrofitting existing packaged rooftop air conditioners with advanced control strategies not ordinarily used for packaged units. First, through detailed simulation analysis, it was shown that significant energy (between 24% and 35%) and cost savings (38%) from fan, cooling and heating energy consumption could be realized when packaged air conditioning units with gas furnaces are retrofitted with advanced control packages (combining multi-speed fan control, integrated economizer controls and DCV). The simulation analysis also showed significant savings for heat pumps (between 20% and 60%). The simulation analysis was followed by an extensive field test of a retrofittable advanced rooftop unit (RTU) controller.
Wang, Weimin; Katipamula, Srinivas; Ngo, Hung; Underhill, Ronald M.; Taasevigen, Danny J.; Lutes, Robert G.
9 Directions in Engine-Efficiency and Emissions Research (DEER) Conference Dearborn, Michigan, August 3-6, 2009 Effects of Catalysts on Emissions from Heavy-Duty Diesel Retrofits...
Trial Demonstration of Area Lighting Retrofit: Yuma Border Patrol, Yuma Arizona
The Yuma Sector Border Patrol Area is a high flux lighting application in a high temperature environment, presenting a formidable challenge for light-emitting diodes (LEDs). This retrofit is an Energy Savings Performance Contract ENABLE project under the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Federal Energy Management Program. If high flux LED technology performs well in a region with high ambient temperature and solar radiation, it can perform well in most outdoor environments. The design process for the Yuma retrofit has already provided valuable knowledge to CBP and DOE. The LED lighting system selected for the retrofit is expected to reduce energy consumption 69% compared to the incumbent quartz metal halide (QMH) lighting system. If the LED lighting system is installed, GATEWAY will continue to document and disseminate information regarding the installation and long-term performance so that others may also gain valuable knowledge from the Yuma Sector Border Patrol Area lighting retrofit.
Wilkerson, Andrea M.; McCullough, Jeffrey J.
Cost Savings and Energy Reduction: Bi-Level Lighting Retrofits in Multifamily Buildings
Community Environmental Center implements Bi- Level Lighting fixtures as a component of cost-effective multifamily retrofits. These systems achieve substantial energy savings by automatically reducing lighting levels when common areas are unoccupied...
Ackley, J.
Measuring Energy-Saving Retrofits: Experiences from the LoanSTAR Program
school, and local government buildings. As part of this program, a first-of-its-kind, statewide Monitoring and Analysis Program (MAP) was established to verify energy and dollar savings of the retrofits, reduce energy costs by identifying operational...
Claridge, D. E.; Heffington, W. M.; O'Neal, D. L.; Turner, W. D.; Haberl, J. S.; Reddy, T. A.
Retrofit of the Local 150 of International Union of Operating Engineers
Project objectives: Demonstrate the reduced first cost impact of smart geothermal design and technology. Demonstrate smart geothermal innovations in system efficiency, especially in the building-earth interaction. Demonstrate an economical and repeatable approach to district, hybrid retrofit GHP systems.
National Residential Efficiency Measures Database Aimed at Reducing Risk for Residential Retrofit Industry (Fact Sheet)
This technical highlight describes NREL research to develop a publicly available database of energy retrofit measures containing performance characteristics and cost estimates for nearly 3,000 measures. Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) have developed the National Residential Efficiency Measures Database, a public database that characterizes the performance and costs of common residential energy efficiency measures. The data are available for use in software programs that evaluate cost-effective retrofit measures to improve the energy efficiency of residential buildings. The database provides a single, consistent source of current data for DOE and private-sector energy audit and simulation software tools and the retrofit industry. The database will reduce risk for residential retrofit industry stakeholders by providing a central, publicly vetted source of up-to-date information.
Analysis Methodology for Large Organizations' Investments in Energy Retrofit of Buildings
This paper presents a formal methodology that supports large organizations' investments in energy retrofit of buildings. The methodology is a scalable modeling approach based on normative models and Bayesian calibration. Normative models are a light...
Heo, Y.; Augenbroe, G.
Pre-Retrofit Lighting Study at the University of Texas at Arlington, Texas
Audit Report for the site, completed in 1991, recommended a lighting retrofit that included delamping, relamping with high efficiency lamps, the installation of high efficiency electronic ballasts, and the installation of specular reflectors. However...
Houcek, J. K.; Claridge, D. E.; Haberl, J. S.
Seismic fragility and retrofitting for a reinforced concrete flat-slab structure
The effectiveness of seismic retrofitting applied to enhance seismic performance was assessed for a five-story reinforced concrete (RC) flat-slab building structure in the central United States. In addition to this, an assessment of seismic...
Bai, Jong-Wha
Determination of Retrofit Savings Using a Calibrated Building Energy Simulation Model
This paper presents the development of a methodology to determine retrofit energy savings in buildings when few measured preretrofit data are available. Calibration of the DOE-2 building energy analysis computer program for a 250,000 ft2 building...
Reddy, S. N.; Hunn, B. D.; Hood, D. B.
Assessing methods for predicting retrofit energy savings in buildings : case study of a Norwegian school
This work investigates methods for predicting retrofit energy savings in existing Norwegian buildings. A case study is performed on a 30 year old primary school in Trondheim, Norway. The energy consumption in the school ...
Ricker, Elizabeth, S.M. (Elizabeth Ann). Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Philadelphia Gas Works- Commercial and Industrial EnergySense Retrofit Program (Pennsylvania)
Philadelphia Gas Works' (PGW) Commercial and Industrial Retrofit Incentive Program is part of EnergySense, PGW�s portfolio of energy efficiency programs designed to help customers save energy and...
Building America Webinar: Standardized Retrofit Packages � What Works to Meet Consistent Levels of Performance?
This webinar will focus on specific Building America projects that have examined methods to consistently meet high levels of energy performance in existing homes, with a focus on retrofit packages that can be replicated across many homes.
Modelling Urban scale Retrofit, Pathways to 2050 Low Carbon Residential Building Stock�
A bottom up engineering modelling approach has been used to investigate the pathways to 2050 low carbon residential building stock. The impact of housing retrofit, renewable technologies, occupant behaviour, and grid decarbonisation is measured at a...
Lannon, Simon; Georgakaki, Aliki; Macdonald, Stuart
Using the Street and Parking Facility Lighting Retrofit Financial Analysis Tool
This August 22, 2013 webinar provided a guided walk-through of the Street and Parking Facility Lighting Retrofit Financial Analysis Tool. Developed by a partnership of the DOE Municipal Solid-State...
Webcast: Municipal Solid-State Street Lighting Consortium Retrofit Financial Analysis Tool
This April 3, 2012 webcast presented information about the Retrofit Financial Analysis Tool developed by DOE"s Municipal Solid-State Street Lighting Consortium. Doug Elliott of Pacific Northwest...
Retrofit and Testing of a Pre-Turbo, Diesel Oxidation Catalyst on a Tier 0, SD60M Freight Locomotive Achieving Over 50% PM Reduction Don Newburry Research & Development Manager...
Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of Existing Multi-Column Bent Bridges
Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of Existing Multi-Column Bent Bridges By Cole C. Mc ................................................................................................................................... 6 Seismic Activity in Western Washington State Approach Bridge Modeling .............................................11 Seismic Excitations
State-of-the-Art Thermal Energy Storage Retrofit at a Large Manufacturing Facility
This paper will describe the existing conditions, strategic planning, feasibility study, economic analysis, design, specification, construction, and project management for the 2.9 megawatt �full shift� chilled water thermal energy storage retrofit...
Fiorino, D.
Standard Measurement & Verification Plan for Lighting Equipment Retrofit or Replacement Projects
This document provides a framework for a standard Measurement and Verification (M&V) plan for lighting projects. It was developed to support cost-effective retrofits (partial and complete replacements) of lighting systems and is intended to provide a foundation for an M&V plan for a lighting retrofit utilizing a "best practice" approach, and to provide guidance to site owners, contractors, and other involved organizations on what is essential for a robust M&V plan for lighting projects. This document provides examples of appropriate elements of an M&V plan, including the calculation of expected energy savings. The standard M&V plan, as provided, also allows for consistent comparison with other similar lighting projects. Although intended for lighting retrofit applications, M&V plans developed per this framework document may also be used for other non-lighting technology retrofits and new installations.
Building America Webinar: Low-E Storms: The Next Big Thing in Window Retrofits
Until recently, energy-efficient window retrofit options have largely been limited to repair or replacement; leaving the homeowner to decide between affordability and deeper energy savings.� A new...
the architectural aesthetics of the building. Hence, an alternative method of retrofitting is worth considering Hall, Dept. of Civ., Struct., and Envir. Engrg., State Univ. of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260. E
Effects of moisture on debonding in FRP-retrofitted concrete systems
FRP (fiber reinforced polymer) retrofit systems for reinforced concrete (RC) structures have been widely used in the past 10 years, and numerous studies on its short-term debonding behavior have been conducted extensively. ...
Tuakta, Chakrapan, 1980-
Using auxiliary gas power for CCS energy needs in retrofitted coal power plants
Post-combustion capture retrofits are expected to a near-term option for mitigating CO 2 emissions from existing coal-fired power plants. Much of the literature proposes using power from the existing coal plant and thermal ...
Bashadi, Sarah (Sarah Omer)
Corrective Action
Corrective Action Individual Permit: Corrective Action Certifications If confirmation monitoring sample results demonstrate that one or more TALs are exceeded at a Site, the...
Multifamily Retrofit Project Manager Job/Task Analysis and Report: September 2013
The development of job/task analyses (JTAs) is one of three components of the Guidelines for Home Energy Professionals project and will allow industry to develop training resources, quality assurance protocols, accredited training programs, and professional certifications. The Multifamily Retrofit Project Manager JTA identifies and catalogs all of the tasks performed by multifamily retrofit project managers, as well as the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) needed to perform the identified tasks.
Owens, C. M.
Decision process for the retrofit of municipal buildings with solar energy systems: a technical guide
As a background for solar applications, the following topics are covered: solar systems and components for retrofit installations; cost, performance, and quality considerations; and financing alternatives for local government. The retrofit decision process is discussed as follows: pre-screening of buildings, building data requirements, the energy conservation audit, solar system sizing and economics, comparison of alternatives, and implementation. Sample studies are presented for the West Valley Animal Shelter and the Hollywood Police Station. (MHR)
Retrofitting the domestic built environment: investigating household perspectives towards energy efficiency technologies and behaviour
]. Retrofitting homes is a complex task con- flated by multiple factors, ranging from pure economics to subjective psychology [Dixon & Eames, 2013; Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 2009; Kelly, 2009; Lior, 2010; Stafford et al., 2012]. Such complexity invites... cultural heritage research, and geo-technical soil surveying. Therefore, in order to delimit a more focused scope 3 1. Introduction of research, this thesis specifically investigated improving the uptake of energy ef- ficiency retrofits in the domestic...
Pelenur, Marcos
Evaluation of a Multifamily Retrofit in Climate Zone 5, Boulder, Colorado (Fact Sheet)
In 2009, a 37-unit apartment complex located in Boulder, Colorado, underwent an energy retrofit to comply with Boulder SmartRegs Ordinance, a mandate that requires all rental properties to meet certain energy efficiency standards by 2018. The Consortium of Advanced Residential Buildings (CARB), a U.S. Department of Energy Building America team, worked with city planners and building owners to evaluate this program and recently completed a case study evaluating the effectiveness of a collection of retrofit measures.
Calculating Energy and Demand Retrofit Savings for Victoria High School: Interim Report
ESL-TR-92/12-03 Calculating Energy and Demand Retrofit Savings For Victoria High School Yue Liu, T. Agami Reddy, S. Katipamula and David E. Claridge. Interim Report Energy Systems Laboratory Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843 December... 1992 Calculating Energy and Demand Retrofit Savings For Victoria High School Yue Liu, T. Agami Reddy, S. Katipamula and David E. Claridge. Interim Report Energy Systems Laboratory Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843 December 1992 Abstract...
Funding Opportunity Announcement State Energy Program (SEP) Strengthening Building Retrofit Markets and Stimulating Energy Efficiency Action
The Department of Energy (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), on behalf of the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy�s (EERE�s) State Energy Program (SEP), is seeking applications to advance policies, programs, and market strategies that accelerate job creation and reduce energy bills while achieving energy and climate security for the nation.
Group Home Energy Efficiency Retrofit for 30% Energy Savings: Washington, D.C. (Fact Sheet)
Energy efficiency retrofits (EERs) face many challenges on the path to scalability. Limited budgets, cost effectiveness, risk factors, and accessibility impact the type and the extent of measures that can be implemented feasibly to achieve energy savings goals. Group home retrofits can face additional challenges than those in single family homes - such as reduced access (occupant-in-place restrictions) and lack of incentives for occupant behavioral change. This project studies the specification, implementation, and energy savings from an EER in a group home, with an energy savings goal of 30%. This short term test report chronicles the retrofit measures specified, their projected cost-effectiveness using building energy simulations, and the short term test results that were used to characterize pre-retrofit and post-retrofit conditions. Additionally, the final report for the project will include analysis of pre- and post-retrofit performance data on whole building energy use, and an assessment of the energy impact of occupant interface with the building (i.e., window operation). Ultimately, the study's results will be used to identify cost effective EER measures that can be implemented in group homes, given constraints that are characteristic of these buildings. Results will also point towards opportunities for future energy savings.
This case study focusing on a residence in northern California was undertaken as a demonstration of the potential of a systems approach to HVAC retrofits. The systems approach means that other retrofits that can affect the HVAC system are also considered. For example, added building envelope insulation reduces building loads so that smaller capacity HVAC system can be used. Secondly, we wanted to examine the practical issues and interactions with contractors and code officials required to accomplish the systems approach because it represents a departure from current practice. We identified problems in the processes of communication and installation of the retrofit that led to compromises in the final energy efficiency of the HVAC system. These issues must be overcome in order for HVAC retrofits to deliver the increased performance that they promise. The experience gained in this case study was used to optimize best practices guidelines for contractors (Walker 2003) that include building diagnostics and checklists as tools to assist in ensuring the energy efficiency of ''house as a system'' HVAC retrofits. The best practices guidelines proved to be an excellent tool for evaluating the eight existing homes in this study, and we received positive feedback from many potential users who reviewed and used them. In addition, we were able to substantially improve the energy efficiency of the retrofitted case study house by adding envelope insulation, a more efficient furnace and air conditioner, an economizer and by reducing duct leakage.
Building America Case Study: Performance of a Hot-Dry Climate Whole House Retrofit, Stockton, California (Fact Sheet)
Building America Whole-House Solutions for Existing Homes: Group Home Energy Efficiency Retrofit for 30% Energy Savings (Fact Sheet)
This project studies the specification, implementation, and energy savings from an energy efficiency retrofit in a group home, with an energy savings goal of 30%.
Simulation of the Post-Retrofit Thermal Energy Use for the Perry-Castaneda Library Building with the Use of Simplified System Models
. One method of determining the energy savings resulting from energy conserving retrofits relies on the use of a model for the daily whole building consumption, Epre, in the pre-retrofit configuration. Epre is typically a function of primary influencing...
Katipamula, S.; Claridge, D. E.
Carbon capture retrofits and the cost of regulatory uncertainty
Power generation firms confront impending replacement of an aging coal-fired fleet in a business environment characterized by volatile natural gas prices and uncertain carbon regulation. We develop a stochastic dynamic programming model of firm investment decisions that minimizes the expected present value of future power generation costs under uncertain natural gas and carbon prices. We explore the implications of regulatory uncertainty on generation technology choice and the optimal timing of investment, and assess the implications of these choices for regulators. We find that interaction of regulatory uncertainty with irreversible investment always raises the social cost of carbon abatement. Further, the social cost of regulatory uncertainty is strongly dependent on the relative competitiveness of IGCC plants, for which the cost of later carbon capture retrofits is comparatively small, and on the firm's ability to use investments in natural gas generation as a transitional strategy to manage carbon regulation uncertainty. Without highly competitive IGCC or low gas prices, regulatory uncertainty can increase the expected social cost of reducing emissions by 40 to 60%.
Reinelt, P.S.; Keith, D.W. [SUNY College of Fredonia, Fredonia, NY (United States). Dept. of Economics
Public Housing: A Tailored Approach to Energy Retrofits
Over one million HUD-supported public housing units provide rental housing for eligible low-income families across the country. A survey of over 100 PHAs across the country indicated that there is a high level of interest in developing low cost solutions that improve energy efficiency and can be seamlessly included in the refurbishment process. Further, PHAs, have incentives (both internal and external) to reduce utility bills. ARIES worked with two public housing authorities (PHAs) to develop packages of energy efficiency retrofit measures the PHAs can cost effectively implement with their own staffs in the normal course of housing operations at the time when units are refurbished between occupancies. The energy efficiency turnover protocols emphasized air infiltration reduction, duct sealing and measures that improve equipment efficiency. ARIES documented implementation in ten housing units. Reductions in average air leakage were 16-20% and duct leakage reductions averaged 38%. Total source energy consumption savings was estimated at 6-10% based on BEopt modeling with a simple payback of 1.7 to 2.2 years. Implementation challenges were encountered mainly related to required operational changes and budgetary constraints. Nevertheless, simple measures can feasibly be accomplished by PHA staff at low or no cost. At typical housing unit turnover rates, these measures could impact hundreds of thousands of unit per year nationally.
Dentz, J.; Conlin, F.; Podorson, D.; Alaigh, K.
Highly Efficient Small Form Factor LED Retrofit Lamp
This report summarizes work to develop a high efficiency LED-based MR16 lamp downlight at OSRAM SYLVANIA under US Department of Energy contract DE-EE0000611. A new multichip LED package, electronic driver, and reflector optic were developed for these lamps. At steady-state, the lamp luminous flux was 409 lumens (lm), luminous efficacy of 87 lumens per watt (LPW), CRI (Ra) of 87, and R9 of 85 at a correlated color temperature (CCT) of 3285K. The LED alone achieved 120 lumens per watt efficacy and 600 lumen flux output at 25 C. The driver had 90% electrical conversion efficiency while maintaining excellent power quality with power factor >0.90 at a power of only 5 watts. Compared to similar existing MR16 lamps using LED sources, these lamps had much higher efficacy and color quality. The objective of this work was to demonstrate a LED-based MR16 retrofit lamp for replacement of 35W halogen MR16 lamps having (1) luminous flux of 500 lumens, (2) luminous efficacy of 100 lumens per watt, (3) beam angle less than 40{sup o} and center beam candlepower of at least 1000 candelas, and (4) excellent color quality.
Steven Allen; Fred Palmer; Ming Li
Construction and startup experience for Milliken FGD Retrofit Project
Under Round 4 of the U.S. Department of Energy`s Clean Coal Technology program, New York State Electric & Gas Corp. (NYSEG), in partnership with Saarbereg-Stebbins Engineering and Manufacturing Company, has retrofitted a formic acid enhanced forced oxidation wet limestone scrubber on Units 1 & 2 at the Milliken Steam Electric Station. Units 1 & 2 are 1950`s vintage Combustion Engineering tangentially fired pulverized coal units which are rated at nominal 150 MW each and operate in balanced draft mode. The FGD system for Unit 2 was placed into operation in January 1995 and the Unit 1 system in June, 1995. The project incorporates several unique aspects including low pH operation, a ceramic tile-lined cocurrent/countercurrent, split module absorber, a wet stack supported on the roof of the FGD building, and closed loop, zero liquid discharge operation producing commercial grade gypsum, and calcium chloride brine. The project objectives include 98% SO{sub 2} removal efficiency while burning high sulfur coal, the production of marketable byproducts to minimize solid waste disposal, zero wastewater discharge and space-saving design. The paper provides a brief overview of the project design, discusses construction and startup issues and presents early operating results. Process capital cost and economics of this design, procure and construct approach are reviewed relative to competing technologies.
Harvilla, J.; Mahlmeister, M. [New York State Electric and Gas Corp., Binghamton, NY (United States); Buchanan, T.; Jackson, C. [Parsons Power Group, Inc., Reading, PA (United States); Watts, J. [USDOE, Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center, PA (United States)
Bay Ridge Gardens - Mixed-Humid Affordable Multifamily Housing Deep Energy Retrofit
Under this project, Newport Partners (as part of the BA-PIRC research team) evaluated the installation, measured performance, and cost-effectiveness of efficiency upgrade measures for a tenant-in-place DER at the Bay Ridge multifamily (MF) development in Annapolis, Maryland. The design and construction phase of the Bay Ridge project was completed in August 2012. This report summarizes system commissioning, short-term test results, utility bill data analysis, and analysis of real-time data collected over a one-year period after the retrofit was complete. The Bay Ridge project is comprised of a 'base scope' retrofit which was estimated to achieve a 30%+ savings (relative to pre-retrofit) on 186 apartments, and a 'DER scope' which was estimated to achieve 50% savings (relative to pre-retrofit) on a 12-unit building. The base scope was applied to the entire apartment complex, except for one 12-unit building which underwent the DER scope. A wide range of efficiency measures was applied to pursue this savings target for the DER building, including improvements/replacements of mechanical equipment and distribution systems, appliances, lighting and lighting controls, the building envelope, hot water conservation measures, and resident education. The results of this research build upon the current body of knowledge of multifamily retrofits. Towards this end, the research team has collected and generated data on the selection of measures, their estimated performance, their measured performance, and risk factors and their impact on potential measures.
Lyons, J.; Moore, M.; Thompson, M.
Energy Impacts of Energy and Indoor Environmental Quality Retrofits of Apartments in California
Monthly gas and electricity use data from a set of 13 study apartments and 20 control apartments from three apartment buildings (B1 B3) in California were analyzed. The study apartments were retrofit with simultaneous energy savings and indoor environmental quality (IEQ) improvements as the goal. The control apartments were not retrofit. Pre-retrofit modeling indicated annual energy savings of 21percent, 17percent, and 27percent for the study apartments in B1-B3, respectively. Based on a comparison of changes in energy use of study apartments to energy use changes of control apartments, total measured savings of gas energy plus site electrical energy were 28percent in B1, 5percent in B2, and 3percent in B3. Given the small number of study apartments and the substantial changes in energy use within control apartments, the project yielded no conclusive evidence of energy savings. Apartment energy use increased with number of occupants and with floor area; however, the association with occupancy was most evident. Climate differences did not appear to be the major driver for the variability in energy use among apartments. Changes in occupant behaviors affecting energy use may have overwhelmed and obscured the energy savings in this small number of buildings. Much larger prior studies employing similar retrofits indicate that the retrofits usually do save energy.
Fisk, William J.; Norris, Federico; Singer, Brett C.
Measuring energy-saving retrofits: Experiences from the Texas LoanSTAR program
In 1988 the Governor`s Energy Management Center of Texas received approval from the US Department of Energy to establish a $98.6 million state-wide retrofit demonstration revolving loan program to fund energy-conserving retrofits in state, public school, and local government buildings. As part of this program, a first-of-its-kind, statewide Monitoring and Analysis Program (MAP) was established to verify energy and dollar savings of the retrofits, reduce energy costs by identifying operational and maintenance improvements, improve retrofit selection in future rounds of the LoanSTAR program, and initiate a data base of energy use in institutional and commercial buildings located in Texas. This report discusses the LoanSTAR MAP with an emphasis on the process of acquiring and analyzing data to measure savings from energy conservation retrofits when budgets are a constraint. This report includes a discussion of the program structure, basic measurement techniques, data archiving and handling, data reporting and analysis, and includes selected examples from LoanSTAR agencies. A summary of the program results for the first two years of monitoring is also included.
Haberl, J.S.; Reddy, T.A.; Claridge, D.E.; Turner, W.D.; O`Neal, D.L.; Heffington, W.M. [Texas A and M Univ., College Station, TX (United States). Energy Systems Lab.] [Texas A and M Univ., College Station, TX (United States). Energy Systems Lab.
Northwest Energy Coalition Renewable Northwest Project Sierra Club Natural Resources Defense Council Citizens' Utility Board of Oregon
Northwest Energy Coalition Renewable Northwest Project Sierra Club Natural Resources Defense and renewable resources will be acquired and by whom. Strong accountability for results through measurement; second to renewable resources..." [16 U.S. Code section 839b(e)(1)] BPA's utility customers have released
Wind-Power Development in Germany and the U.S.: Multiple Streams, Advocacy Coalitions, and Turning Points
Wind-Power Development in Germany and the U.S.: Multiple Streams, Advocacy Coalitions, and Turning). Of the various forms of renewable energy, wind-generated electricity has a unique set of advantages, which make especially large. Wind power produces relatively low levels of environmental damage over its life cycle (like
Qiu, Weigang
Evaluating an Exterior Insulation and Finish System for Deep Energy Retrofits
Exterior insulation and finish systems (EIFS) are proprietary synthetic formulations that are applied to the exterior walls of buildings to serve as insulation and exterior cladding. The insulation thickness can vary from less than one inch to a foot or more. In this project the applicability of EIFS for residential deep energy retrofits was investigated through modeling and a case study home. The home was retrofitted using a site-applied four-inch-thick EIFS. Site-specific details were developed as required for the residential retrofit application. Site work and the costs of the EIFS system were documented. The demonstration home was modeled using Building Energy Optimization energy and cost analysis software to explore cost effectiveness of various EIFS insulation thicknesses in two climate locations.
Dentz, J.; Podorson, D.
Retrofit of Soederberg smelter at Alusaf Bayside plant. Part 1: Conceptual design and engineering
A main objective of the Bayside Smelter modernization at Alusaf Pty. is the retrofit of the Soederberg pots operating at 120 kA to prebake cells with a current load of 165 kA. The complete design and engineering of this modernization project was done by VAW. Based on computer simulations a tailor-made concept for the retrofit project was developed. A pilot plant trial was conducted successfully in 1994. This paper presents the retrofit concept with details of the magneto-hydrodynamic and thermo-electric calculations. Plant measurements demonstrate the good agreement with computer simulations. Some highlights of the detailed engineering for the modernized pots elucidate concepts of integrating existing and new hardware.
Vogelsang, D.; Droste, C.; Segatz, M.; Eick, I. [VAW Aluminium-Technologie GmbH, Bonn (Germany)
Retrofit Audits and Cost Estimates: A Look at Quality and Consistency
Retrofit NYC Block by Block is an outreach program targeting owners of one- to four-family homes, the most common building type in New York City, with more than 600,000 structures citywide. Administered by the Pratt Center for Community Development and implemented by four nonprofit, community based organizations, Block by Block connects residents, businesses, and religious and civic organizations in predominantly low- and moderate-income neighborhoods with one or more of a half-dozen public and private financial incentive programs that facilitate energy-efficiency retrofits. This research project sought to evaluate the approach, effectiveness, and the energy use reductions accomplished by the Retrofit NYC: Block by Block program.
Eisenberg, L.; Shapiro, C.; Fleischer, W.
Strategy Guideline: Energy Retrofits for Low-Rise Multifamily Buildings in Cold Climates
This Strategy Guideline explains the benefits of evaluating and identifying energy efficiency retrofit measures that could be made during renovation and maintenance of multifamily buildings. It focuses on low-rise multifamily structures (three or fewer stories) in a cold climate. These benefits lie primarily in reduced energy use, lower operating and maintenance costs, improved durability of the structure, and increased occupant comfort. This guideline focuses on retrofit measures for roof repair or replacement, exterior wall repair or gut rehab, and eating system maintenance. All buildings are assumed to have a flat ceiling and a trussed roof, wood- or steel-framed exterior walls, and one or more single or staged boilers. Estimated energy savings realized from the retrofits will vary, depending on the size and condition of the building, the extent of efficiency improvements, the efficiency of the heating equipment, the cost and type of fuel, and the climate location.
Frozyna, K.; Badger, L.
Diesel plant retrofitting options to enhance decentralized electricity supply in Indonesia
Over the last 20 years, the government of Indonesia has undertaken an extensive program to provide electricity to the population of that country. The electrification of rural areas has been partially achieved through the use of isolated diesel systems, which account for about 20% of the country`s generated electricity. Due to many factors related to inefficient power production with diesels, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, in conjunction with PLN, the Indonesian national utility, Community Power Corporation, and Idaho Power Company, analyzed options for retrofitting existing diesel power systems. This study considered the use of different combinations of advanced diesel control, the addition of wind generators, photovoltaics and batteries to reduce the systems of overall cost and fuel consumption. This analysis resulted in a general methodology for retrofitting diesel power systems. This paper discusses five different retrofitting options to improve the performance of diesel power systems. The systems considered in the Indonesian analysis are cited as examples for the options discussed.
Baring-Gould, E.I.; Barley, C.D.; Drouilhet, S. [and others] [and others
Short-term measurements for the determination of envelope retrofit performance
Short-term monitoring for estimating thermal parameters of a building, along with an analytical technique to (1) determine the long-term performance and (2) calculate the parameters from a building description, has many valuable applications, which include energy ratings, diagnostics, and retrofit analysis. In this paper we address issues relating to reducing uncertainties in estimating thermal parameters with emphasis on retrofit applications. In general, it is necessary to impose a known heat flow with a suitable profile to reliably estimate the parameters. This is demonstrated with test cell measurements taken before and after changes were made to the test cell. The eventual goal of this project is to develop a practical methodology to determine long-term retrofit performance from short-term tests.
Subbarao, K.; Mort, D.; Burch, J.
Building Coalitions
�This is one of the five Leadership Qualifications. Below are the competencies and the respective OLC courses that will advance your knowledge for each competency. Once you access the OLC, in the...
The evaluation of a 4000-home geothermal heat pump retrofit at Fort Polk, Louisiana: Final Report
This report documents an independent evaluation of an energy retrofit of 4,003 family housing units at Fort Polk, Louisiana, under an energy savings performance contract (ESPC). Replacement of the heating, cooling, and water heating systems in these housing units with geothermal heat pumps (GHPs) anchored the retrofit; low-flow shower heads and compact fluorescent lighting were also installed, as well as attic insulation where needed. Statistically valid findings indicate that the project will save 25.8 million kWh, or 32.5% of the pre-retrofit whole-community electrical consumption, and 100% of the whole-community natural gas previously used for space conditioning and water heating (260,000 therms) in a typical meteorological year. At the end-use level, the GHPs were found to save about 42% of the pre-retrofit electrical consumption for heating, cooling, and water heating in housing units that were all-electric in the pre-retrofit period. This report also demonstrates an improved method of predicting energy savings. Using an engineering model calibrated to pre-retrofit energy use data collected in the field, the method predicted actual energy savings on one of the electric feeders at Fort Polk with a very high degree of accuracy. The accuracy of this model was in turn dependent on data-calibrated models of the geothermal heat pump and ground heat exchanger that are described in this report. In addition this report documents the status of vertical borehole ground heat exchanger (BHEx) design methods at the time this project was designed, and demonstrates methods of using data collected from operating GHP systems to benchmark BHEx design methods against a detailed engineering model calibrated to date. The authors also discuss the ESPC`s structure and implementation and how the experience gained here can contribute to the success of future ESPCs.
Hughes, P.J.; Shonder, J.A.
Data and Analytics to Inform Energy Retrofit of High Performance Buildings
Buildings consume more than one-third of the world?s primary energy. Reducing energy use in buildings with energy efficient technologies is feasible and also driven by energy policies such as energy benchmarking, disclosure, rating, and labeling in both the developed and developing countries. Current energy retrofits focus on the existing building stocks, especially older buildings, but the growing number of new high performance buildings built around the world raises a question that how these buildings perform and whether there are retrofit opportunities to further reduce their energy use. This is a new and unique problem for the building industry. Traditional energy audit or analysis methods are inadequate to look deep into the energy use of the high performance buildings. This study aims to tackle this problem with a new holistic approach powered by building performance data and analytics. First, three types of measured data are introduced, including the time series energy use, building systems operating conditions, and indoor and outdoor environmental parameters. An energy data model based on the ISO Standard 12655 is used to represent the energy use in buildings in a three-level hierarchy. Secondly, a suite of analytics were proposed to analyze energy use and to identify retrofit measures for high performance buildings. The data-driven analytics are based on monitored data at short time intervals, and cover three levels of analysis ? energy profiling, benchmarking and diagnostics. Thirdly, the analytics were applied to a high performance building in California to analyze its energy use and identify retrofit opportunities, including: (1) analyzing patterns of major energy end-use categories at various time scales, (2) benchmarking the whole building total energy use as well as major end-uses against its peers, (3) benchmarking the power usage effectiveness for the data center, which is the largest electricity consumer in this building, and (4) diagnosing HVAC equipment using detailed time-series operating data. Finally, a few energy efficiency measures were identified for retrofit, and their energy savings were estimated to be 20percent of the whole-building electricity consumption. Based on the analyses, the building manager took a few steps to improve the operation of fans, chillers, and data centers, which will lead to actual energy savings. This study demonstrated that there are energy retrofit opportunities for high performance buildings and detailed measured building performance data and analytics can help identify and estimate energy savings and to inform the decision making during the retrofit process. Challenges of data collection and analytics were also discussed to shape best practice of retrofitting high performance buildings.
Hong , Tianzhen; Yang, Le; Hill, David; Feng , Wei
Cold Climate Foundation Retrofit Energy Savings: The Simulated Energy and Experimental Hygrothermal Performance of Cold Climate Foundation Wall Insulation Retrofit Measures -- Phase I, Energy Simulation
A split simulation whole building energy/3-dimensional earth contact model (termed the BUFETS/EnergyPlus Model or BEM) capable of modeling the full range of foundation systems found in the target retrofit housing stock has been extensively tested. These foundation systems that include abovegrade foundation walls, diabatic floors or slabs as well as lookout or walkout walls, currently cannot be modeled within BEopt.
Goldberg, L. F.; Steigauf, B.
Navigating the tension between the master narrative of the academy and the counter-narrative of reform: personal case studies from within an engineering education coalition
NAVIGATING THE TENSION BETWEEN THE MASTER NARRATIVE OF THE ACADEMY AND THE COUNTER- NARRATIVE OF REFORM: PERSONAL CASE STUDIES FROM WITHIN AN ENGINEERING EDUCATION COALITION A Dissertation by PRUDENCE MERTON Submitted... BETWEEN THE MASTER NARRATIVE OF THE ACADEMY AND THE COUNTER- NARRATIVE OF REFORM: PERSONAL CASE STUDIES FROM WITHIN AN ENGINEERING EDUCATION COALITION A Dissertation by PRUDENCE MERTON Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A...
Merton, Prudence
Is the coal industry worth protecting? an examination of the effects of competing advocacy coalitions on implementation of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA) of 1977
IS THE COAL INDUSTRY WORTH PROTECTING? AN EXAMINATION OF THE EFFECTS OF COMPETING ADVOCACY COALITIONS ON IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SURFACE MINING CONTROL AND RECLAMATION ACT (SMCRA) OF 1977 A Dissertation by MICHAEL SEAN PENNINGTON... PROTECTING? AN EXAMINATION OF THE EFFECTS OF COMPETING ADVOCACY COALITIONS ON IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SURFACE MINING CONTROL AND RECLAMATION ACT (SMCRA) OF 1977 A Dissertation by MICHAEL SEAN PENNINGTON Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies...
Pennington, Michael Sean
FRP Retrofit of the Ring-Beam of a Nuclear Reactor Containment Structure
SP·215-18 FRP Retrofit of the Ring-Beam of a Nuclear Reactor Containment Structure by M. Demers. A for the storage of the moderately contaminated nuclear reactor. The enforcement of more rigorous environmental. 1. HISTORY 1.1 Decommissioning of the Reactor The Gentilly-I nuclear power plant, located
with simultaneous energy savings and indoor environmental quality (IEQ) improvements as the goal. The control apartments to energy use changes of control apartments, total measured savings of gas energy plus site1 ENERGY IMPACTS OF ENERGY AND INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY RETROFITS OF APARTMENTS IN CALIFORNIA
Advanced Energy Retrofit Guide (AERG): Practical Ways to Improve Energy Performance; Healthcare Facilities (Book)
The Advanced Energy Retrofit Guide for Healthcare Facilities is part of a series of retrofit guides commissioned by the U.S. Department of Energy. By presenting general project planning guidance as well as detailed descriptions and financial payback metrics for the most important and relevant energy efficiency measures (EEMs), the guides provide a practical roadmap for effectively planning and implementing performance improvements in existing buildings. The Advanced Energy Retrofit Guides (AERGs) are intended to address key segments of the U.S. commercial building stock: retail stores, office buildings, K-12 schools, grocery stores, and healthcare facilities. The guides' general project planning considerations are applicable nationwide; the energy and cost savings estimates for recommended EEMs were developed based on energy simulations and cost estimates for an example hospital tailored to five distinct climate regions. These results can be extrapolated to other U.S. climate zones. Analysis is presented for individual EEMs, and for packages of recommended EEMs for two project types: existing building commissioning projects that apply low-cost and no-cost measures, and whole-building retrofits involving more capital-intensive measures.
Hendron, R.; Leach, M.; Bonnema, E.; Shekhar, D.; Pless, S.
Data and analytics to inform energy retrofit of high performance Tianzhen Hong a,
National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA b Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China c Jones Lang Lassale, 100 Waterfront Place, West Sacramento, CA 95605, USA h i g h l i g h t s High, and diagnostics. The case study shows 20% of electricity can be saved by retrofit. a r t i c l e i n f o Article
The Caw Burn SUDS: performance of a settlement pond/wetland SUDS retrofit Kate Heal1*
) to remediate pollution of the Caw Burn by runoff from the Houston Industrial Estate, Livingston, Scotland-study of a retrofit SUDS constructed in 1996 to remediate pollution in the Caw Burn originating in runoff from runoff from the Houston Industrial Estate, where construction commenced in the 1960s, and two residential
Heal, Kate
YASIR: A Low-Latency, High-Integrity Security Retrofit for Legacy SCADA Systems (Extended Version)
YASIR: A Low-Latency, High-Integrity Security Retrofit for Legacy SCADA Systems (Extended Version security, and yet incurs minimal end-to-end communication latency. Keywords: SCADA network security, bump links between devices in legacy Supervisory Con- trol And Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems, on which
YASIR: A Low-Latency, High-Integrity Security Retrofit for Legacy SCADA Systems
YASIR: A Low-Latency, High-Integrity Security Retrofit for Legacy SCADA Systems Patrick P. Tsang in Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems. Previous BITW solutions fail to provide minimal end-to-end communication latency. A microcontroller prototype of our solution is under development
YASIR: A Low-Latency, High-Integrity Security Retrofit for Legacy SCADA Systems Patrick P. Tsang-to-end communication latency. 1 Introduction 1.1 SCADA Systems Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems, on which the proper operations of critical
Smith, Sean W.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Modelling Urban scale Retrofit, Pathways to 2050 Low Carbon
electricity consumption in Wales with power generated from renewable sources by 2025 (WAG, 2009) which would to engage with the modelling process. INTRODUCTION The UK government has set an ambitious target of 80 retrofit design process need to be researched further. The Welsh Government have committed to achieving
Millar, Andrew J.
FLASTAR: Measured Savings of a Comprehensive Energy Retrofit in a Florida Elementary School
.000 square foot facility was approximately 775,000 kWh (60 kBtu/ft^2) or $55,200 in the base year (1994). During the summer of 1995, replacement of aging chillers resulted in 30% reduction to cooling energy use. The second retrofit was occupancy sensor...
Sherwin, J. R.; Parker, D. S.
under forecast weather or use conditions. Demand response strategies in smart grids consist in adjusting- els. ReTrofiT is first of all a simulation tool for evaluating building thermal behaviour can be obtained if the internal parameters of the model are calibrated using on-site measurements
Boyer, Edmond
Sustainable wall construction and exterior insulation retrofit technology process and structure
A low-cost process for exterior wall insulation retrofit, or new wall construction by stacking layers of fabric tube filled with insulating material against a wall and covering them with mesh and stucco provides a durable structure with good insulating value.
Vohra, Arun (Bethesda, MD)
Energy Conservation in Multifamily Housing: Review and Recommendations for Retrofit Programs
Energy Conservation in Multifamily Housing: Review and Recommendations for Retrofit Programs John identified as a particularly challenging area for energy conservation efforts. Much work has been done as a book on multifamily energy conservation. Here we preview key results from that project, with a focus
Starting a local conservation and passive solar retrofit program: an energy planning sourcebook
A city planner or a neighborhood activist may wish to initiate a local conservation and passive solar retrofit program but may not have previous experience in doing so. This sourcebook is designed to assist interested individuals with their energy planning efforts, from determining retrofit potential, to financing and implementing the program. An approach or methodology is provided which can be applied to determine retrofit potential in single-family residences, mobile homes, multifamily residences, and nonresidential buildings. Case studies in Albuquerque, New Mexico, are given as examples. Guidelines are provided for evaluating the economic benefits of a retrofit program through benefit-cost analysis and economic base studies at the city and neighborhood levels. Also included are approaches to community outreach, detailing how to get started, how to gain local support, and examples of successful programs throughout the US. The need for financing, the development of a local strategy, public and private financing techniques, and community energy service organizations are examined. In addition to the Albuquerque case studies, a brief technology characterization, heat-loss calculations, economic tools, and a list of resources are appended.
Barber, V; Mathews, R
Light-RITE California The Lighting Retrofit Information, Training and Education program
to implementing best practices in California's public buildings Professor Michael Siminovitch (co-author with UC, CSC, CCC, CIEE, DGS) UC Davis Rosenfeld Chair in Energy Efficiency The Consortium of Public Building makers on the implementation of best practices for lighting retrofits. We need to quickly develop
California at Davis, University of
Review of selected recent research on US seismic design and retrofit
at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA 2 University of Texas Austin, Department of Civil Engineering, Austin, TX, USA 3 on research on retrofit of beam-to-column moment connections, frame modifications at beams' mid- span, self-centering systems, zipper frames, buckling-restrained braced frames, steel plate shear walls, plastic and rotation
Development of Cost Effective Oxy-Combustion Retrofitting for Coal-Fired Boilers
The overall objective of this project is to further develop the oxy-combustion technology for commercial retrofit in existing wall-fired and Cyclone boilers by 2012. To meet this goal, a research project was conducted that included pilot-scale testing and a full-scale engineering and economic analysis.
Hamid Farzan
Review of Existing Energy Retrofit Sang Hoon Lee, Tianzhen Hong, Mary Ann Piette
ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATIONAL LABORATORY #12;Disclaimer This document was prepared Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is an equal opportunity employer. Please cite this report as follows: Lee, S.H., Hong, T., Piette, M.A. Review of existing energy retrofit tools. Lawrence Berkeley
Byggmeister Test Home: Cold Climate Multifamily Masonry Building Condition Assessment and Retrofit Analysis
This report describes a retrofit project undertaken by Building Science Corporation and partner Byggmeister on a multifamily brick row house located in Jamaica Plain, MA. This project studied the row house to determine the right combination of energy efficiency measures that are feasible, affordable, and suitable for this type of construction and acceptable to homeowners.
Wytrykowska, H.; Ueno, K.; Van Straaten, R.
Actual and Estimated Energy Savings Comparison for Deep Energy Retrofits in the Pacific Northwest
Seven homes from the Pacific Northwest were selected to evaluate the differences between estimated and actual energy savings achieved from deep energy retrofits. The energy savings resulting from these retrofits were estimated, using energy modeling software, to save at least 30% on a whole-house basis. The modeled pre-retrofit energy use was trued against monthly utility bills. After the retrofits were completed, each of the homes was extensively monitored, with the exception of one home which was monitored pre-retrofit. This work is being conducted by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) for the U.S. Department of Energy Building Technologies Program as part of the Building America Program. This work found many discrepancies between actual and estimated energy savings and identified the potential causes for the discrepancies. The differences between actual energy use and modeled energy use also suggest improvements to improve model accuracy. The difference between monthly whole-house actual and estimated energy savings ranged from 75% more energy saved than predicted by the model to 16% less energy saved for all the monitored homes. Similarly, the annual energy savings difference was between 36% and -14%, which was estimated based on existing monitored savings because an entire year of data is not available. Thus, on average, for all six monitored homes the actual energy use is consistently less than estimates, indicating home owners are saving more energy than estimated. The average estimated savings for the eight month monitoring period is 43%, compared to an estimated savings average of 31%. Though this average difference is only 12%, the range of inaccuracies found for specific end-uses is far greater and are the values used to directly estimate energy savings from specific retrofits. Specifically, the monthly post-retrofit energy use differences for specific end-uses (i.e., heating, cooling, hot water, appliances, etc.) ranged from 131% under-predicted to 77% over-predicted by the model with respect to monitored energy use. Many of the discrepancies were associated with occupant behavior which influences energy use, dramatically in some cases, actual versus modeled weather differences, modeling input limitations, and complex homes that are difficult to model. The discrepancy between actual and estimated energy use indicates a need for better modeling tools and assumptions. Despite the best efforts of researchers, the estimated energy savings are too inaccurate to determine reliable paybacks for retrofit projects. While the monitored data allows researchers to understand why these differences exist, it is not cost effective to monitor each home with the level of detail presented here. Therefore an appropriate balance between modeling and monitoring must be determined for more widespread application in retrofit programs and the home performance industry. Recommendations to address these deficiencies include: (1) improved tuning process for pre-retrofit energy use, which currently utilized broad-based monthly utility bills; (2) developing simple occupant-based energy models that better address the many different occupant types and their impact on energy use; (3) incorporating actual weather inputs to increase accuracy of the tuning process, which uses utility bills from specific time period; and (4) developing simple, cost-effective monitoring solutions for improved model tuning.
Blanchard, Jeremy; Widder, Sarah H.; Giever, Elisabeth L.; Baechler, Michael C.
Low NO sub x /SO sub x Burner retrofit for utility cyclone boilers
The objective of this project is to demonstrate the LNS Burner as retrofitted to the host cyclone boiler for effective low-cost control of NO{sub x} and SO{sub x} emissions while firing a bituminous coal. The LNS Burner employs a simple, innovative combustion process to burn pulverized coal at high temperatures and provides effective, low-cost control of sulfur dioxide (SO{sub 2}) and nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}) emissions. The coal ash contains sulfur and is removed in the form of molten slag and flyash. Cyclone-fired boiler units are typically older units firing high-sulfur bituminous coals at very high temperatures which results in very high NO{sub x} and SO{sub x} emissions. The addition of conventional emission control equipment, such as wet scrubbers, to these older cyclone units in order to meet current and future environmental regulations is generally not economic. Further, the units are generally not compatible with low sulfur coal switching for S0{sub 2} control or selective catalytic reduction technologies for NO{sub x} control. Because the LNS Burner operates at the same very high temperatures as a typical cyclone boiler and produces a similar slag product, it may offer a viable retrofit option for cyclone boiler emission control. This was confirmed by the Cyclone Boiler Retrofit Feasibility Study carried out by TransAlta and an Operating Committee formed of cyclone boiler owners in 1989. An existing utility cyclone boiler, was then selected for the evaluation of the cost and performance study. It was concluded that the LNS Burner retrofit would be a cost-effective option for control of cyclone boiler emissions. A full-scale demonstration of the LNS Burner retrofit was selected in October 1988 as part of the DOE's Clean Coal Technology Program Round II.
Retrofitting of Conditioning Systems for Existing Small Commercial Buildings - Analysis and Design of Liquid Desiccant - Vapor Compression Hybrid
and limitations of retrofit technology for these characteristic structures have been the focus of the experience gained through the design and installation of a system adapted to a building constructed in the early 1960's. The existing split package air...
Arnas, O. A.; McQueen, T. M.
Predicting the potential for energy efficiency retrofits in single-family homes : an exploration of data targeting mechanisms
Historically, the lack of data on the United States' housing stock has been one of the primary barriers to market penetration of residential energy efficiency retrofits. Without knowledge of the homes and customers to ...
Goldstein, Kaitlin Ryan
ApRemodel: A Study of Non-Technical Innovation in Multi- Occupancy Sustainable Retrofit Housing Projects
The ApRemodel project is a study of multi-occupancy retrofit in the Finnish context. As part of the study a research project was commissioned to identify and compare innovative practice with regards to non-technical issues being addressed in retrofit projects being undertaken in the UK housing sector. Given that the examples were required to address a multi-occupancy scenario all of these cases come from the UK social housing sector, where the majority of multi-occupancy retrofit is being undertaken. Here we outline the cases that were reviewed, the innovations that were identified within them and the main initial findings. Keywords: Retrofit, case studies, social housing, innovation
Will Swan; Carl Abbott; Catherine Barlow
Development of a Web-based Emissions Reduction Calculator for Retrofits to Municipal Water Supply and Waste Water Facilities
DEVELOPMENT OF A WEB-BASED EMISSIONS REDUCTION CALCULATOR FOR RETROFITS TO MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY AND WASTE WATER FACILITIES Juan-Carlos Baltazar Research Associate Zi Liu, Ph.D. Research Engineer Don R. Gilman, P.E. Senior Software... and used to calculate the electricity savings from potential retrofits to municipal water supply and waste water facilities. The methodology integrates the ASHRAE Inverse Model Toolkit (IMT) 1 used for weather normalization, a peak...
Baltazar-Cervantes, J. C.; Liu, Z.; Gilman, D.; Haberl, J. S.; Culp, C.
Occupant-in-Place Energy Efficiency Retrofit in a Group Home for 30% Energy Savings in Climate Zone 4
Moore, M.
Byggmeister Test Home: Analysis and Initial Results of Cold Climate Wood-Framed Home Retrofit
BSC seeks to further the energy efficiency market for New England area retrofit projects by supporting projects that are based on solid building science fundamentals and verified implementation. With the high exposure of energy efficiency and retrofit terminology being used in the general media at this time, it is important to have evidence that measures being proposed will in fact benefit the homeowner through a combination of energy savings, improved durability, and occupant comfort. There are several basic areas of research to which the technical report for these test homes can be expected to contribute. These include the combination of measures that is feasible, affordable and acceptable to homeowners as well as expectations versus results. Two Byggmeister multi-family test homes in Massachusetts are examined with the goal of providing case studies that could be applied to other similar New England homes.
Gates, C.
Metering and Monitoring Approaches for Verifying Energy Savings from Energy Conservation Retrofits: Experiences from the Field
METERING AND MONITORING APPROACHES FOR VERIFYING ENERGY SAVINGS FROM ENERGY CONSERVATION RETROFITS: EXPERIENCES FROM THE FIELD John R. McBride Charles J. Bohmer Roger H. Lippman Senior Scientist Senior Instrumentation Senior Instrumentation... drying process that operates at a constant energy level on a constant schedule are examples of this class of load. Engineering calculations without in-field metering and monitoring may be sufficient for this project class. Next in complexity...
McBride, J. R.; Bohmer, C. J.; Lippman, R. H.
Retrofitting Inefficient Rooftop Air-Conditioning Units Reduces U.S. Navy Energy Use (Fact Sheet)
As part of the U.S. Navy's overall energy strategy, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) partnered with the Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC) to demonstrate market-ready energy efficiency measures, renewable energy generation, and energy systems integration. One such technology - retrofitting rooftop air-conditioning units with an advanced rooftop control system - was identified as a promising source for reducing energy use and costs, and can contribute to increasing energy security.
Assessing the Energy Savings of Tankless Water Heater Retrofits in Public Housing
This report describes the methodology, analysis, and findings from a case study of a 110 unit retrofit of gas tankless water heaters in a hot/humid climate in Alachua County, Florida. The housing units had their gas-fired tank type water heaters replaced with gas-fired tankless water heaters as part of a federal program that targeted reduced energy use in public housing.
Ries, R.; Walters, R.; Dwiantoro, D.
CC� of Retrofitted, Renovated, and Rented Systems and Equipment in Utilities Plants
Chen David E. Claridge W. Dan Turner Song Deng Energy Systems Laboratory Texas A&M University System KEYWORD Continuous Commissioning, Functional Performance Testing, Chillers, Boilers, Heating Hot water System ABSTRACT It is a common practice..., including performance testing and evaluation on rental/retrofitted chillers and a renovated heating hot water system. INTRODUCTION The Energy Systems Laboratory (ESL) has been conducting CC to the Texas A&M University (TAMU), College Station, Texas...
Xu, C.; Chen, Q.; Claridge, D. E.; Turner, W. D.; Deng, S.
Refinery Furnaces Retrofit with Gas Turbines Achieve Both Energy Savings and Emission Reductions
REFINERY FURNACES RETROFIT WITH GAS TURBINES ACHIEVE BOTH ENERGY SAVINGS AND EMISSION REDUCTIONS F. Giacobbe*, G. Iaquaniello**, R. G. Minet*, P. Pietrogrande* *KTI Corp., Research and Development Division, Monrovia, California **KTI Sp...A., Rome, Italy ABSTRACT Integrating gas turbines with refinery furnaces can be a cost effective means of reducing NO emissions while also generating electricity ~t an attractive heat rate. Design considerations and system costs are presented...
Giacobbe, F.; Iaquaniello, G.; Minet, R. G.; Pietrogrande, P.
The Great Building Energy Predictor Shootout II: Measuring Retrofit Energy Savings
the MCC savings. Energy Systems Laboratory Texas A&M University Texas Engineering Experiment Station College Station, TX 77843-3581 ASHRAE Predictor Shootout H, p 4 BUS Savings Comparisons . ? In the BUS building, the savings were calculated using... Energy Systems Laboratory Texas A & M University Texas Engineering Experiment Station College Station, TX 77843-3581 ASHRAE Predictor Shootout II, p 6 Table 1: The Completed Entries received for the Predictor Shootout II: Measuring Retrofit Energy Savings...
Simulated Energy Savings Comparison Between Two Continuous Commissioning� Methods Applied to a Retrofitted Office Building
The 8 th International Conference for Enhanced Building Operations (ICEBO 2008) October 20-22, 2008, Berlin, Germany Simulated Energy Savings Comparison Between Two Continuous Commissioning ? Methods Applied to a Retrofitted Office Building... and the cold and hot 1 ESL-IC-08-10-30 Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference for Enhanced Building Operations, Berlin, Germany, October 20-22, 2008 The 8 th International Conference for Enhanced Building Operations (ICEBO 2008) October 20...
Texas A& M Campus Building CC� Team
The Advanced Hybrid Particulate Collector (AHPC), developed in cooperation between W.L. Gore & Associates and the Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC), is an innovative approach to removing particulates from power plant flue gas. The AHPC combines the elements of a traditional baghouse and electrostatic precipitator (ESP) into one device to achieve increased particulate collection efficiency. As part of the Power Plant Improvement Initiative (PPII), this project was demonstrated under joint sponsorship from the U.S. Department of Energy and Otter Tail Power Company. The EERC is the patent holder for the technology, and W.L. Gore & Associates was the exclusive licensee for this project. The project objective was to demonstrate the improved particulate collection efficiency obtained by a full-scale retrofit of the AHPC to an existing electrostatic precipitator. The full-scale retrofit was installed on an electric power plant burning Powder River Basin (PRB) coal, Otter Tail Power Company's Big Stone Plant, in Big Stone City, South Dakota. The $13.4 million project was installed in October 2002. Project related testing concluded in December 2005. The following Final Technical Report has been prepared for the project entitled ''Demonstration of a Full-Scale Retrofit of the Advanced Hybrid Particulate Collector Technology'' as described in DOE Award No. DE-FC26-02NT41420. The report presents the operation and performance results of the system.
Tom Hrdlicka; William Swanson
Liquid balance monitoring inside conventional, Retrofit, and bio-reactor landfill cells
Highlights: � The Retrofit, Control, and As-Built cells received 48, 14, and 213 L Mg{sup ?1} (liters of liquids per metric ton of waste). � The leachate collection system yielded 60, 57 and 198 L Mg{sup ?1} from the Retrofit, Control, and As-Built cells. � The head on liner in all cells was below regulatory limits. � Measured moisture content of the waste samples was consistent with that calculated from accumulated liquid by balance. � The in-place saturated hydraulic conductivity of the MSW was calculated to be in the range of 10{sup ?8} to 10{sup ?7} m s{sup ?1}. - Abstract: The Outer Loop landfill bioreactor (OLLB) in Louisville, KY, USA has been the site of a study to evaluate long-term bioreactor performance at a full-scale operational landfill. Three types of landfill units were studied including a conventional landfill (Control cell), a new landfill area that had an air addition and recirculation piping network installed as waste was being placed (As-Built cell), and a conventional landfill that was modified to allow for liquids recirculation (Retrofit cell). During the monitoring period, the Retrofit, Control, and As-Built cells received 48, 14, and 213 L Mg{sup ?1} (liters of liquids per metric ton of waste), respectively. The leachate collection system yielded 60, 57 and 198 L Mg{sup ?1} from the Retrofit, Control, and As-Built cells, respectively. The head on liner in all cells was below regulatory limits. In the Control and As-Built cells, leachate head on liner decreased once waste placement stopped. The measured moisture content of the waste samples was consistent with that calculated from the estimate of accumulated liquid by the liquid balance. Additionally, measurements on excavated solid waste samples revealed large spatial variability in waste moisture content. The degree of saturation in the Control cells decreased from 85% to 75%. The degree of saturation increased from 82% to 83% due to liquids addition in the Retrofit cells and decreased back to 80% once liquid addition stopped. In the As-Built cells, the degree of saturation increased from 87% to 97% during filling activities and then started to decrease soon after filling activities stopped to reach 92% at the end of the monitoring period. The measured leachate generation rates were used to estimate an in-place saturated hydraulic conductivity of the MSW in the range of 10{sup ?8} to 10{sup ?7} m s{sup ?1} which is lower than previous reports. In the Control and Retrofit cells, the net loss in liquids, 43 and 12 L Mg{sup ?1}, respectively, was similar to the measured settlement of 15% and 5�8% strain, respectively (Abichou et al., 2013). The increase in net liquid volume in the As-Built cells indicates that the 37% (average) measured settlement strain in these cells cannot be due to consolidation as the waste mass did not lose any moisture but rather suggests that settlement was attributable to lubrication of waste particle contacts, softening of flexible porous materials, and additional biological degradation.
Abichou, Tarek, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Florida State University, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, FL 32311 (United States); Barlaz, Morton A. [Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 (United States); Green, Roger; Hater, Gary [Waste Management Inc., Cincinnati, OH 45211 (United States)
Thou hast need of me: the role of Marshal Jean Lannes in the War of the Fourth Coalition, 1806-1807
"THOU HAST NEED OF ME": THE ROLE OF MARSHAL JEAN LANNES IN THE WAR OF THE FOURTH COALITION, 1806-1807 A Thesis by CHARLTON JOHN MATOVSKY Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas ARM University in partial fulfillment... of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS December 1988 Major Subject: History "THOU HAST NEED OF ME": THE ROLE OF MARSHAL JEAN LANNES IN THE WAR OF THE FOURTH COALITION, 1806-1807 A Thesis by CHARLTON JOHN MATOVSKY Approved as to style...
Matovsky, Charlton John
Action-Oriented Benchmarking: Concepts and Tools
simulation (for design) or energy audits (for retrofit), asconventional benchmarking and energy audits. Whole BuildingBenchmarking Investment-Grade Energy Audit Screen facilities
Mills, Evan; California Energy Commission
Impact evaluation of the energy retrofits installed in the Margolis high-rise apartment building, Chelsea housing authority
As part of a joint demonstration effort involving HUD, DOE, a local public housing authority and Boston Edison, an evaluation of energy and demand saving retrofits was conducted for a tall, residential, low-income building located in Boston. The thirteen story building underwent window, lighting, and heating system control renovations in December, 1992. The success of these retrofits was determined using monthly and hourly whole-building consumption data along with a calibrated DOE-2.1D energy simulation model. According to the model developed, post-retrofit conditions showed reductions in annual energy consumption of 325 MWh and in peak demand of 100 kW. These savings resulted in an annual energy cost savings of $28,000. Over 90% of energy and cost savings were attributed to the window retrofit. Interaction of the reduction in lighting capacity with the building`s electric resistance heating system reduced the potential for energy and demand savings associated with the lighting retrofit. Results from the hourly simulation model also indicate that night setbacks controlled by the energy management system were not implemented. An additional 32 MWh in energy savings could be obtained by bringing this system on-line, however peak demand would be increased by 40 kW as the morning demand for space heat is increased, with a net loss in cost savings of $2,500.
Abraham, M.M.; McLain, H.A.; MacDonald, J.M.
Action Items
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Amr Shaat, David Schnerch, Amir Fam, and Sami Rizkalla Retrofit of Steel Structures Using Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP): State-of-the-Art
on retrofit of steel members including repair of naturally corroded beams, repair of artificially notched and the durability of retrofitted systems, particularly the issue of galvanic corrosion. Available field applications heavy lifting equipment and can add considerably more dead load to the structure, which reduces
NCSU Box 7401 Raleigh, NC 27695 (919) 515-3480 Toll Free 1-800-33-NC SUN Passive Solar Retrofit
SOLAR CENTER INFORMATION Passive solar retrofit is the adding of solar features to an existing house you begin a passive solar retrofit, you should make sure that your house is energy) for your house. You may also want to review passive solar principles described in the Solar Center
Playing poker with a committee : assessing the viability of coalitional coercive diplomacy
Since the end of the Cold War, 'coercive diplomacy', that is the strategic use of threats aimed at convincing an adversary to stop or undo 'hostile' actions, has become a principle crisis management tool of the Western ...
Burgess, Daniel Peter
Cost-Effectiveness of Home Energy Retrofits in Pre-Code Vintage Homes in the United States
This analytical study examines the opportunities for cost-effective energy efficiency and renewable energy retrofits in residential archetypes constructed prior to 1980 (Pre-Code) in fourteen U.S. cities. These fourteen cities are representative of each of the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) climate zones in the contiguous U.S. The analysis is conducted using an in-house version of EnergyGauge USA v.2.8.05 named CostOpt that has been programmed to perform iterative, incremental economic optimization on a large list of residential energy efficiency and renewable energy retrofit measures. The principle objectives of the study are as follows: to determine the opportunities for cost effective source energy reductions in this large cohort of existing residential building stock as a function of local climate and energy costs; and to examine how retrofit financing alternatives impact the source energy reductions that are cost effectively achievable.
Fairey, P.; Parker, D.
Housing Archetype Analysis for Home Energy-Efficient Retrofit in the Great Lakes Region
This project report details activities and results of the 'Market Characterization' project undertaken by the Cost Effective Energy Retrofit (CEER) team targeted toward the DOE goal of achieving 30%-50% reduction in existing building energy use. CEER consists of members from the Dow Chemical Company, Michigan State University, Ferris State University and Habitat for Humanity Kent County. The purpose of this market characterization project was to identify housing archetypes which are dominant within Great Lakes region and therefore offer significant potential for energy-efficient retrofit research and implementation due to the substantial number of homes possessing similar characteristics. Understanding the characteristics of housing groups referred to as 'archetypes' by vintage, style, and construction characteristics can allow research teams to focus their retrofit research and develop prescriptive solutions for those structure types which are prevalent and offer high potential uptake within a region or market. Key research activities included; literature review, statistical analysis of national and regional data of the American Housing Survey (AHS) collected by the U.S. Census Bureau, analysis of Michigan specific data, development of a housing taxonomy of architectural styles, case studies of two local markets (i.e., Ann Arbor and Grand Rapids in Michigan) and development of a suggested framework (or process) for characterizing local markets. In order to gain a high level perspective, national and regional data from the U.S. Census Bureau was analyzed using cross tabulations, multiple regression models, and logistic regression to characterize the housing stock and determine dominant house types using 21 variables.
Kim, S. K.; Mrozowski, T.; Harrell-Seyburn, A.; Ehrlich, N.; Hembroff, L.; Bieburn, B.; Mazor, M.; McIntyre, A.; Mutton, C.; Parsons, G.; Syal, M. G.; Wilkinson, R.
The BFA Intercollegiate Athletics Committee (IAC) has completed its review and discussion of the Coalition on Intercollegiate Athletics (COIA) report, entitled "Framing the Future: Reforming
of the Coalition on Intercollegiate Athletics (COIA) report, entitled "Framing the Future: Reforming-by-campus basis -- for reforming intercollegiate athletics. The University of Colorado has been deeply involved are now models for many of the reforms that COIA recommends; and is, therefore, already a recognized
Bradley, Elizabeth
Development of a Web-based Emissions Reduction Calculator for Street Light and Traffic Light Retrofits
Episode Peak day for 1999 4 . In the design mode the energy and emissions savings are calculated based on the specific information the user provides about the lamp type, lamp code, wattage, and number of lamps for both pre-retrofit and post... for the whole year is 12 hours per day. Traffic Light Analysis: Design Mode Table 2 shows an example of the input information and calculation for traffic light design mode. For each project the user enters the lamp type, lamp code, wattage per lamp...
Liu, Z.; Gilman, D.; Haberl, J. S.; Culp, C.
Development of an advanced high efficiency coal combustor for boiler retrofit
The objective of the program was to develop an advanced coal combustion system for firing beneficiated coal fuels (BCFs) capable of being retrofitted to industrial boilers originally designed for firing natural gas. The High Efficiency Advanced Coal Combustor system is capable of firing microfine coal-water fuel (MCWF), MCWF with alkali sorbent (for SO{sub 2} reduction), and dry microfine coal. Design priorities for the system were that it be simple to operate and offer significant reductions in NO{sub x}, SO{sub x}, and particulate emissions as compared with current coal-fired combustor technology. (VC)
LaFlesh, R.C.; Rini, M.J.; McGowan, J.G.; Beer, J.M.; Toqan, M.A.
Development of an advanced high efficiency coal combustor for boiler retrofit. Summary report
A systematic approach to energy efficiency retrofit solutions for exsisting office buildings
Institute of Energy Efficient and Sustainable Design and Building Prof. Dr.-Ing. Werner Lang Yunming Shao Prof. Dr.-Ing. Werner Lang Technical University of Munich, Germany 11/11/2014 A systematic approach to energy efficiency retrofit solutions... for existing office buildings ESL-IC-14-09-33 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference for Enhanced Building Operations, Beijing, China, September 14-17, 2014 Institute of Energy Efficient and Sustainable Design and Building Prof. Dr.-Ing. Werner Lang...
Retrofit Program of a Euro 1 andn EUro 2 Urban Bus Fleet in La Rochelle:
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious RankCombustion | Department ofT ib l LPROJECTS IN RENEWABLEOperated in Steady-State Achieved atRetrofitStatus
Energy retrofit and occupant behaviour in protected housing: A case study of the Brunswick Centre in London
Accepted Manuscript Title: Energy retrofit and occupant behaviour in protected housing: A case study of the Brunswick Centre in London Author: Hui Ben Koen Steemers PII: S0378-7788(14)00411-3 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2014... .05.019 Reference: ENB 5055 To appear in: ENB Received date: 13-9-2013 Revised date: 9-5-2014 Accepted date: 14-5-2014 Please cite this article as: H. Ben, K. Steemers, Energy retrofit and occupant behaviour in protected housing: A case study of the Brunswick Centre...
Hui, Ben; Steemers, Koen
Retrofit of existing 400 horsepower air compressor motor with steam turbine
This paper is on the completion of a retrofit project to replace an existing 400 Horsepower air compressor motor with a steam turbine. The discussion includes visuals to show the process involved in carrying out this project. There will be in three parts. The first part of the presentation will cover the planning and construction. Planning included defining a scope, collecting data to support this scope, determining engineering feasibility, and calculating an economic payback. Construction will include the preparations for the retrofit including details of upgrades to existing systems and components, and installation of new systems and components. This will be followed by details on the actual removal of the motor, installation of the turbine, and the revision of the controls. Startup of the air compressor on steam is then discussed including necessary preparation of steam systems. Next to be presented will be some of the problems and their solutions experienced during this project. Specifically discussed will be regulatory concerns, noise of operation, insurance, and fluctuations in plant process steam demand. The conclusion of the presentation will focus on present operating status, savings demonstrated, and maintenance required.
Sanders, S.F.
Predicted Versus Actual Savings for a Low-Rise Multifamily Retrofit in Boulder, Colorado
To determine the most cost-effective methods of improving buildings, accurate analysis and prediction of the energy use of existing buildings is essential. However, multiple studies confirm that analysis methods tend to over-predict energy use in poorly insulated, leaky homes and thus, the savings associated with improving those homes. In NREL's report titled 'Assessing and Improving the Accuracy of Energy Analysis of Residential Buildings,' researchers propose a method for improving the accuracy of residential energy analysis methods. A key step in this process involves the comparisons of predicted versus metered energy use and savings. In support of this research need, CARB evaluated the retrofit of a multifamily building in Boulder, CO. The updated property is a 37 unit, 2 story apartment complex built in 1950, which underwent renovations in early 2009 to bring it into compliance with Boulder, CO's SmartRegs ordinance. Goals of the study were to: 1) evaluate predicted versus actual savings due to the improvements, 2) identify areas where the modeling assumptions may need to be changed, and 3) determine common changes made by renters that would negatively impact energy savings. In this study, CARB seeks to improve the accuracy of modeling software while assessing retrofit measures to specifically determine which are most effective for large multifamily complexes in the cold climate region. Other issues that were investigated include the effects of improving building efficiency on tenant comfort, the impact on tenant turnover rates, and the potential market barriers for this type of community scale project.
Arena, L.; Williamson, J.
This report documents a 3-year research program conducted by the Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory (EECL) at Colorado State University (CSU) to develop micropilot ignition systems for existing pipeline compressor engines. Research activities for the overall program were conducted with the understanding that the efforts are to result in a commercial product to capture and disseminate the efficiency and environmental benefits of this new technology. An extensive state-of-art review was conducted to leverage the existing body of knowledge of micropilot ignition with respect to retrofit applications. Additionally, commercially-available fuel injection products were identified and applied to the program where appropriate. This approach will minimize the overall time-to-market requirements, while meeting performance and cost criteria. The objective for Phase I was to demonstrate the feasibility of micropilot ignition for large bore, slow speed engines operating at low compression ratios under laboratory conditions at the EECL. The primary elements of Micropilot Phase I were to develop a single-cylinder test chamber to study the injection of pilot fuel into a combustion cylinder and to develop, install and test a multi-cylinder micropilot ignition system for a 4-cylinder, natural gas test engine. In all, there were twelve (12) tasks defined and executed to support these two (2) primarily elements in a stepwise fashion. Task-specific approaches and results are documented in this report. The four-cylinder prototype data was encouraging for the micro-pilot ignition technology when compared to spark ignition. The objective for Phase II was to further develop and optimize the micropilot ignition system at the EECL for large bore, slow speed engines operating at low compression ratios. The primary elements of Micropilot Phase II were to evaluate the results for the 4-cylinder system prototype developed for Phase I, then optimize this system and prepare the technology for the field demonstration phase in Year 3. In all, there were twelve (12) tasks defined and executed to support objectives in a stepwise fashion. The optimized four-cylinder system data demonstrated significant progress compared to Phase I results, as well as traditional spark ignition systems. These laboratory results were enhanced, then verified via a field demonstration project during Phase III of the Micropilot Ignition program. An Implementation Team of qualified engine retrofit service providers was assembled to install the retrofit micropilot ignition system on an engine operated by El Paso Pipeline Group at a compressor station near Window Rock, Arizona. Testing of this demonstration unit showed that the same benefits identified by laboratory testing at CSU, i.e., reduced fuel consumption and exhaust emissions (NOx, THC, CO, and CH2O). Commercialization of the retrofit micropilot ignition technology is awaiting a ''market pull'', which is expected to materialize as the results of the field demonstration become known and accepted. The Implementation Team, comprised of Woodward Governor Company, Enginuity LLC, Hoerbiger Corporation of America, and DigiCon Inc., has direct experience with the technology development and implementation, and stands ready to promote and commercialize the retrofit micropilot ignition system.
Scott Chase; Daniel Olsen; Ted Bestor
The Value of the EWIT Computer Program in Identifying Economically Viable Retrofit Options for Existing Commercial Buildings
EWIT's potential as a tool for evaluating retrofit options for existing commercial buildings. To achieve this goal two case buildings in the Denver area were analyzed by means of the EWIT program. The first building is a one story structure of 10...
Andrews, W. M.
Feasibility of Retrofitting Centralized HVAC Systems for Room-Level Zoning Tamim Sookoor, Brian Holben, Kamin Whitehouse
Feasibility of Retrofitting Centralized HVAC Systems for Room-Level Zoning Tamim Sookoor, Brian {sookoor,bnh4k,email@example.com Abstract--Heating, ventilation, and cooling (HVAC) accounts's largest energy consumers. Many attempts have been made to optimize the control of HVAC systems
Whitehouse, Kamin
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is fully committed to research for developing the information and capabilities necessary to provide cost-effective residential retrofits yielding 50% energy savings within the next several years. Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) is the biggest energy end use in the residential sector, and a significant amount of energy can be wasted through leaky ductwork in unconditioned spaces such as attics and crawl spaces. A detailed duct sealing case study is presented for one house along with nine brief descriptions of other duct retrofits completed in the mixed-humid climate. Costs and estimated energy savings are reported for most of the ten houses. Costs for the retrofits ranged from $0.92/ft2 to $1.80/ft2 of living space and estimated yearly energy cost savings due to the duct retrofits range from 1.8% to 18.5%. Lessons learned and duct sealing guidelines based on these ten houses, as well as close work with the HVAC industry in the mixed-humid climate of East Tennessee, northern Georgia, and south-central Kentucky are presented. It is hoped that the lessons learned and guidelines will influence local HVAC contractors, energy auditors, and homeowners when diagnosing or repairing HVAC duct leakage and will be useful for steering DOE s future research in this area.
Boudreaux, Philip R [ORNL; Christian, Jeffrey E [ORNL; Jackson, Roderick K [ORNL
New test procedure evaluates quality and accuracy of energy analysis tools for the residential building retrofit market.
New test procedure evaluates quality and accuracy of energy analysis tools for the residential that calculate optimal packages of efficiency measures. To improve the accuracy of energy analysis building retrofit market. Reducing the energy use of existing homes in the United States offers significant
Evaluation of energy savings related to building envelope retrofit techniques and ventilation strategies for low energy cooling in
Evaluation of energy savings related to building envelope retrofit techniques and ventilation strategies for low energy cooling in offices and commercial sector Laurent Grignon-Mass�, Dominique Marchio-use Efficiency Research Group Abstract The energy savings achievable in the end-use space cooling depend
Paris-Sud XI, Universit� de
A Meta-Analysis of Single-Family Deep Energy Retrofit Performance in the U.S.
The current state of Deep Energy Retrofit (DER) performance in the U.S. has been assessed in 116 homes in the United States (US), using actual and simulated data gathered from the available domestic literature. Substantial airtightness reductions averaging 63% (n=48) were reported (two- to three-times more than in conventional retrofits), with average post-retrofit airtightness of 4.7 Air Changes per House at 50 Pascal (ACH50) (n=94). Yet, mechanical ventilation was not installed consistently. In order to avoid indoor air quality (IAQ) issues, all future DERs should comply with ASHRAE 62.2-2013 requirements or equivalent. Projects generally achieved good energy results, with average annual net-site and net-source energy savings of 47%�20% and 45%�24% (n=57 and n=35), respectively, and carbon emission reductions of 47%�22% (n=23). Net-energy reductions did not vary reliably with house age, airtightness, or reported project costs, but pre-retrofit energy usage was correlated with total reductions (MMBtu). Annual energy costs were reduced $1,283�$804 (n=31), from a pre-retrofit average of $2,738�$1,065 to $1,588�$561 post-retrofit (n=25 and n=39). The average reported incremental project cost was $40,420�$30,358 (n=59). When financed on a 30-year term, the median change in net-homeownership cost was only $1.00 per month, ranging from $149 in savings to an increase of $212 (mean=$15.67�$87.74; n=28), and almost half of the projects resulted in reductions in net-cost. The economic value of a DER may be much greater than is suggested by these net-costs, because DERs entail substantial non-energy benefits (NEBs), and retrofit measures may add value to a home at resale similarly to general remodeling, PV panel installation, and green/energy efficient home labels. These results provide estimates of the potential of DERs to address energy use in existing homes across climate zones that can be used in future estimates of the technical potential to reduce household energy use and greenhouse gas emissions through DERs.
An Assessment of Envelope Measures in Mild Climate Deep Energy Retrofits
Energy end-uses and interior comfort conditions have been monitored in 11 Deep Energy Retrofits (DERs) in a mild marine climate. Two broad categories of DER envelope were identified: first, bringing homes up to current code levels of insulation and airtightness, and second, enhanced retrofits that go beyond these code requirements. The efficacy of envelope measures in DERs was difficult to determine, due to the intermingled effects of enclosure improvements, HVAC system upgrades and changes in interior comfort conditions. While energy reductions in these project homes could not be assigned to specific improvements, the combined effects of changes in enclosure, HVAC system and comfort led to average heating energy reductions of 76percent (12,937 kWh) in the five DERs with pre-retrofit data, or 80percent (5.9 kWh/ft2) when normalized by floor area. Overall, net-site energy reductions averaged 58percent (15,966 kWh; n=5), and DERs with code-style envelopes achieved average net-site energy reductions of 65percent (18,923 kWh; n=4). In some homes, the heating energy reductions were actually larger than the whole house reductions that were achieved, which suggests that substantial additional energy uses were added to the home during the retrofit that offset some heating savings. Heating system operation and energy use was shown to vary inconsistently with outdoor conditions, suggesting that most DERs were not thermostatically controlled and that occupants were engaged in managing the indoor environmental conditions. Indoor temperatures maintained in these DERs were highly variable, and no project home consistently provided conditions within the ASHRAE Standard 55-2010 heating season comfort zone. Thermal comfort and heating system operation had a large impact on performance and were found to depend upon the occupant activities, so DERs should be designed with the occupants needs and patterns of consumption in mind. Beyond-code building envelopes were not found to be strictly necessary for the achievement of deep energy savings in existing uninsulated homes in mild marine climates, provided that other energy end-uses were comprehensively reduced. We recommend that mild climate DERs pursue envelopes in compliance with the 2012 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) and pair these with high efficiency, off-the-shelf HVAC equipment. Enhanced building envelopes should be considered in cases where very low heating energy use (<1,000 kWh/year or <0.5 kWh/ft2-year) and enhanced thermal comfort (ASHRAE 55-2010) are required, as well as in those situations where substantial energy uses are added to the home, such as decorative lighting, cooling or smart home A/V and communication equipment.
Walker, Iain; Less, Brennan
Hygric Redistribution in Insulated Assemblies: Retrofitting Residential Envelopes Without Creating Moisture Issues
The Building America program has recognized that most of the current housing stock is in need of energy related retrofits. One of the best ways of reducing the space conditioning energy consumption is to improve the thermal performance of the enclosure by adding exterior board foam insulation. This report quantifies the amount of water that can become trapped in the drainage cavity of typical wall systems, and measures the effect of water trapped in the drainage cavity on the moisture content of the sheathing. This study also attempts to explain the discrepancy between hygrothermal simulations and field performance of low permeance, low R-value exterior insulation (e.g. 3/4-in. foil faced polyisocyanurate) in cold climates.
Smegal, J.; Lstiburek, J.
Exploring Cost-Effective, High Performance Residential Retrofits for Affordable Housing in the Hot Humid Climate
In 2009, a Department of Energy Building America team led by the Florida Solar Energy Center began working with partners to find cost-effective paths for improving the energy performance of existing homes in the hot humid climate. A test-in energy audit and energy use modeling of the partner's proposed renovation package was performed for 41 affordable and middle income foreclosed homes in Florida and Alabama. HERS1 Indices ranged from 92 to 184 with modeled energy savings ranging from 3% to 50% (average of 26%). Analyses and recommendations were discussed with partners to encourage more efficient retrofits, highlight health and safety issues, and gather feedback on incremental cost of high performance measures. Ten completed renovations have modeled energy savings ranging from 9% to 48% (average 31%.) This paper presents the project's process including our findings thus far and highlights of the first home to meet the target HERS Index of 70.
McIlvaine, Janet; Sutherland, Karen; Schleith, Kevin; Chandra, Subrato
EnergyFit Nevada (formerly known as the Nevada Retrofit Initiative) final report and technical evaluation
The EnergyFit Nevada (EFN) Better Buildings Neighborhood Program (BBNP, and referred to in this document as the EFN program) currently encourages Nevada residents to make whole-house energy-efficient improvements by providing rebates, financing, and access to a network of qualified home improvement contractors. The BBNP funding, consisting of 34 Energy Efficiency Conservation Block Grants (EECBG) and seven State Energy Program (SEP) grants, was awarded for a three-year period to the State of Nevada in 2010 and used for initial program design and implementation. By the end of first quarter in 2014, the program had achieved upgrades in 553 homes, with an average energy reduction of 32% per home. Other achievements included: ? Completed 893 residential energy audits and installed upgrades in 0.05% of all Nevada single-family homes1 ? Achieved an overall conversation rate of 38.1%2 ? 7,089,089 kWh of modeled energy savings3 ? Total annual homeowner energy savings of approximately $525,7523 ? Efficiency upgrades completed on 1,100,484 square feet of homes3 ? $139,992 granted in loans to homeowners for energy-efficiency upgrades ? 29,285 hours of labor and $3,864,272 worth of work conducted by Nevada auditors and contractors4 ? 40 contractors trained in Nevada ? 37 contractors with Building Performance Institute (BPI) certification in Nevada ? 19 contractors actively participating in the EFN program in Nevada 1 Calculated using 2012 U.S. Census data reporting 1,182,870 homes in Nevada. 2 Conversion rate through March 31, 2014, for all Nevada Retrofit Initiative (NRI)-funded projects, calculated using the EFN tracking database. 3 OptiMiser energy modeling, based on current utility rates. 4 This is the sum of $3,596,561 in retrofit invoice value and $247,711 in audit invoice value.
Carvill, Anna; Bushman, Kate; Ellsworth, Amy
Measured Effects of Retrofits - A Refrigerant Oil Additive and a Condenser Spray Device - On the Cooling Performance of a Heat Pump
A 15-year old, 3-ton single package air-to-air heat pump was tested in laboratory environmental chambers simulating indoor and outdoor conditions. After documenting initial performance, the unit was retrofitted with a prototype condenser water...
Levins, W. P.; Sand, J. R.; Baxter, V. D.; Linkous, R. S.
Climate change action plan
Delivery Climate change action plan 2009-2011 #12;2 | Climate change action plan ©istockphoto.com #12;Climate Change Action Plan Climate change action plan | 3 Contents Overview 4 Preface and Introduction 5 Climate change predictions for Scotland 6 The role of forestry 7 Protecting and managing
Oxy-fuel Combustion and Integrated Pollutant Removal as Retrofit Technologies for Removing CO2 from Coal Fired Power Plants
One third of the US installed capacity is coal-fired, producing 49.7% of net electric generation in 20051. Any approach to curbing CO2 production must consider the installed capacity and provide a mechanism for preserving this resource while meeting CO2 reduction goals. One promising approach to both new generation and retrofit is oxy-fuel combustion. Using oxygen instead of air as the oxidizer in a boiler provides a concentrated CO2 combustion product for processing into a sequestration-ready fluid.... Post-combustion carbon capture and oxy-fuel combustion paired with a compression capture technology such as IPR are both candidates for retrofitting pc combustion plants to meet carbon emission limits. This paper will focus on oxy-fuel combustion as applied to existing coal power plants.
Ochs, T.L.; Oryshchyn, D.B.; Summers, C.A.; Gerdemann, S.J.
Demonstration Assessment of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Retrofit Lamps at the Lobby of the Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, OR
This report describes the process and results of a demonstration of solid-state lighting (SSL) technology in the lobby of the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) headquarters building in Portland, Oregon. The project involved a simple retrofit of 32 track lights used to illuminate historical black-and-white photos and printed color posters from the 1930s and 1940s. BPA is a federal power marketing agency in the Northwestern United States, and selected this prominent location to demonstrate energy efficient light-emitting diode (LED) retrofit options that not only can reduce the electric bill for their customers but also provide attractive alternatives to conventional products, in this case accent lighting for BPA's historical artwork.
Miller, Naomi
A Study of Environmental Load Reduction Technique for University Facilities Part10 Retrofitting heat source based on diagnostic results
-conditioning system in university facilities. Authors analyze the effect of CO2 emission reduction by retrofit. Simulation tools used are FACES and LCEM. 1. CO2 CO2 (TSCP)1)2006 2012CO215 TSCP 2. 1200 CO2 35 1000ton-CO2 35 75 CO2 2) 1 30 24CO2 15 1 RC 5 1 16,510m2 10131m2 6379m2
Miyashita, Yasushi
Roof and Attic Design Guidelines for new and retrofit Construction of Homes in Hot and Coild Climates
Some guidelines for improving the energy efficiency of roofs and attics are presented and are based on the research of the DOE Building Technology. The results of combined analytical and experimental studies were used to benchmark computer tools, which in turn, were used to simulate homes in hot and cold climates. Adding floor and roof insulation, above deck ventilation, radiant barriers, cool color shingle, metal or tile roofs, sealing the attic floor, sealing the duct system and sealing the attic were simulated to compute the cost of energy savings. Results are prioritized to help building owners make an informed economic decision when contemplating roof and attic retrofits. Sealing the attic floor is a top retrofit option. The sealed attic approach and a new prototype roof assembly an insulated and ventilated roof are good options for retrofit work but have paybacks ranging from 15 to 25 years. A new sealed attic concept was simulated and computations show its simple payback is about 10 to 12 years in hot and cold climates; its first cost is significantly reduced from that of a spray foam approach. For new construction the best option is to keep the ducts out of the attic, make sure the attic floor is sealed and add at least code level of insulation to the ceiling.
Desjarlais, Andre Omer [ORNL] [ORNL; LaFrance, Marc [International Energy Agency] [International Energy Agency
ACTIONS AND PARTIAL ACTIONS OF INDUCTIVE CONSTELLATIONS VICTORIA GOULD AND CHRISTOPHER HOLLINGS structure of a semigroup can be recovered from a partial order it possesses. Date: August 13, 2009. 2000 and FEDER, and also FCT post-doctoral grant SFRH/BPD/34698/2007. 1 #12;2 VICTORIA GOULD AND CHRISTOPHER
Gould, Victoria
October 2006 Standards Actions
Project No. SAFT-0109 Continued on next page Standards Actions Page 2 October 2006 2.0 NON-GOVERNMENT STANDARDS ACTIONS 2.1 American National Standards Institute American...
July 2006 Standards Actions
were received in June 2006. Continued on next page Standards Actions Page 2 July 2005 2.0 Non-Government Standards Actions 2.1 American National Standards Institute (ANSI)...
Derivative actions in China�
The enactment of derivative action was expected to be actively used by shareholders to protect their interests. In fact, it turned out that this reform effort seemed futile as the right to engage in such actions was ...
Lin, Shaowei
A Study of the Filling of Wall Cavities With Retrofit Wall Insulation.
The Pacific Northwest Power Marketing Agency, the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), conducted a retrofit wall insulation study to determine the effects of various obstructions within a wall cavity, where voids are likely to occur, and preferred filling methods and material types. The insulation test structure was composed of four 8-foot /times/ 12-foot walls, and was built using standard construction practices. The inside walls were clear plastic glazing, instead of gypsum board, to enable viewing of the filling process. A total of eight tests were performed: four cellulose, two rockwool, and two fiberglass. One- and two-hole filling methods were observed. All insulations were found to perform in the same basic manner with all experiencing the same problem areas. Common installer problems were empty spaces at the tops of cavities and missed cavities, especially above headers. Wiring and lath and plaster consistently caused reduced insulation densities in cavities. The problems with wiring, lath and plaster, and other features in the wall cavities were avoided with the use of a filler tube. The filler tube also provided a more consistent fill along the length of the entire cavity. 2 figs., 3 tabs.
Flores, Joseph A.; Grill, Alan R.
The retrofit of the lignite based 420 T/H boiler
The investment program of RENEL is based on conclusions of development studies, that derived the cost effective production capacities evolution from demand evaluation for short and medium horizons in time. The current situation of fossil generating capacities for electricity and heat is characterized by lack of performance. This is primarily due to obsolescence, both from aging and from initial bad design. Another contribution is that of current fuel quality, worse than the initial design one. Finally, operation and maintenance, different from proper standards, have had a contribution to the degradation of performance also. The lack of performance was not a big problem in the period after the events of year 1989, installed power being much larger than demand, that experienced an important decrease, mainly because of lower industry consumption. However, some shortages appeared in district heating supply, in towns where demand is bigger than installed capacity (e.g. Bucharest). The lack of performance will become a problem when the Romanian network will be interconnected with UCPTE (European Grid), the frequency - load control being very demanding with respect to control quality. This is also important for the economical point of view, having an important impact on costs. The last aspect, but not the least, is the environmental impact of fossil fueled generating capacities. The mentioned development studies indicated that at the present, retrofitting of fossil-fired units is more cost effective than new investment.
Pavnotescu, O.; Totolo, C.
Review of Prior Commercial Building Energy Efficiency Retrofit Evaluation: A Report to Snohomish Public Utilities District
Snohomish County Public Utilities District (the District or Snohomish PUD) provides electricity to about 325,000 customers in Snohomish County, Washington. The District has an incentive programs to encourage commercial customers to improve energy efficiency: the District partially reimburses the cost of approved retrofits if they provide a level of energy performance improvement that is specified by contract. In 2013 the District contracted with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory to provide a third-party review of the Monitoring and Verification (M&V) practices the District uses to evaluate whether companies are meeting their contractual obligations. This work helps LBNL understand the challenges faced by real-world practitioners of M&V of energy savings, and builds on a body of related work such as Price et al. (2013). The District selected a typical project for which they had already performed an evaluation. The present report includes the District's original evaluation as well as LBNL's review of their approach. The review is based on the document itself; on investigation of the load data and outdoor air temperature data from the building evaluated in the document; and on phone discussions with Bill Harris of the Snohomish County Public Utilities District. We will call the building studied in the document the subject building, the original Snohomish PUD report will be referred to as the Evaluation, and this discussion by LBNL is called the Review.
Price, Phillip
Conceptual design of a coal-fired MHD retrofit. Final technical report
Coal-fired magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) technology is ready for its next level of development - an integrated demonstration at a commercial scale. The development and testing of MHD has shown its potential to be the most efficient, least costly, and cleanest way to burn coal. Test results have verified a greater than 99% removal of sulphur with a potential for greater than 60% efficiency. This development and testing, primarily funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), has progressed through the completion of its proof-of-concept (POC) phase at the 50 MWt Component Development and Integration Facility (CDIF) and 28 MWt Coal Fired Flow Facility (CFFF), thereby, providing the basis for demonstration and further commercial development and application of the technology. The conceptual design of a retrofit coal-fired MHD generating plant was originally completed by the MHD Development Corporation (MDC) under this Contract, DE-AC22-87PC79669. Thereafter, this concept was updated and changed to a stand-alone MHD demonstration facility and submitted by MDC to DOE in response to the fifth round of solicitations for Clean Coal Technology. Although not selected, that activity represents the major interest in commercialization by the developing industry and the type of demonstration that would be eventually necessary. This report updates the original executive summary of the conceptual design by incorporating the results of the POC program as well as MDC`s proposed Billings MHD Demonstration Project (BMDP) and outlines the steps necessary for commercialization.
Consequence modeling for nuclear weapons probabilistic cost/benefit analyses of safety retrofits
The consequence models used in former studies of costs and benefits of enhanced safety retrofits are considered for (1) fuel fires; (2) non-nuclear detonations; and, (3) unintended nuclear detonations. Estimates of consequences were made using a representative accident location, i.e., an assumed mixed suburban-rural site. We have explicitly quantified land- use impacts and human-health effects (e.g. , prompt fatalities, prompt injuries, latent cancer fatalities, low- levels of radiation exposure, and clean-up areas). Uncertainty in the wind direction is quantified and used in a Monte Carlo calculation to estimate a range of results for a fuel fire with uncertain respirable amounts of released Pu. We define a nuclear source term and discuss damage levels of concern. Ranges of damages are estimated by quantifying health impacts and property damages. We discuss our dispersal and prompt effects models in some detail. The models used to loft the Pu and fission products and their particle sizes are emphasized.
Harvey, T.F.; Peters, L.; Serduke, F.J.D.; Hall, C.; Stephens, D.R.
Hydronic Heating Retrofits for Low-Rise Multifamily Buildings: Boiler Control Replacement and Monitoring
The ARIES Collaborative, a U.S. Department of Energy Building America research team, partnered with NeighborWorks America affiliate Homeowners' Rehab Inc. (HRI) of Cambridge, Massachusetts, to study improvements to the central hydronic heating system in one of the nonprofit's housing developments. The heating controls in the three-building, 42-unit Columbia Cambridge Alliance for Spanish Tenants housing development were upgraded. Fuel use in the development was excessive compared to similar properties. A poorly insulated thermal envelope contributed to high energy bills, but adding wall insulation was not cost-effective or practical. The more cost-effective option was improving heating system efficiency. Efficient operation of the heating system faced several obstacles, including inflexible boiler controls and failed thermostatic radiator valves. Boiler controls were replaced with systems that offer temperature setbacks and one that controls heat based on apartment temperature in addition to outdoor temperature. Utility bill analysis shows that post-retrofit weather-normalized heating energy use was reduced by 10%-31% (average of 19%). Indoor temperature cutoff reduced boiler runtime (and therefore heating fuel consumption) by 28% in the one building in which it was implemented. Nearly all savings were obtained during night which had a lower indoor temperature cut off (68 degrees F) than day (73 degrees F). This implies that the outdoor reset curve was appropriately adjusted for this building for daytime operation. Nighttime setback of heating system supply water temperature had no discernable impact on boiler runtime or gas bills.
Dentz, J.; Henderson, H.; Varshney, K.
Building America Best Practices Series, Volume 10: Retrofit Techniques and Technologies: Air Sealing
This report was prepared by PNNL for the U.S. Department of Energy Building America Program. The report provides information to home owners who want to make their existing homes more energy efficient by sealing leaks in the building envelope (ceiling, walls, and floors) that let in drafts and let conditioned air escape. The report provides descriptions of 19 key areas of the home where air sealing can improve home performance and energy efficiency. The report includes suggestions on how to find a qualified weatherization or home performance contractor, what to expect in a home energy audit, opportune times for performing air sealing, and what safety and health concerns to be aware of. The report describes some basic building science concepts and topics related to air sealing including ventilation, diagnostic tools, and code requirements. The report will be available for free download from the DOE Building America website. It is a suitable consumer education tool for home performance and weatherization contractors to share with customers to describe the process and value of home energy retrofits.
Baechler, Michael C.; Gilbride, Theresa L.; Hefty, Marye G.; Cole, Pamala C.; Williamson, Jennifer L.; Love, Pat M.
Bay Ridge Gardens - Mixed Humid Affordable Multifamily Housing Deep Energy Retrofit: Annapolis, Maryland. Building America Case Study: Whole-House Solutions for Existing Homes (Fact Sheet)
Under this project, Newport Partners (as part of the BA-PIRC research team) evaluated the installation, measured performance, and cost-effectiveness of efficiency upgrade measures for a tenant-in-place DER at the Bay Ridge multifamily (MF) development in Annapolis, Maryland. The design and construction phase of the Bay Ridge project was completed in August 2012. This report summarizes system commissioning, short-term test results, utility bill data analysis, and analysis of real-time data collected over a one-year period after the retrofit was complete. The Bay Ridge project is comprised of a "base scope" retrofit which was estimated to achieve a 30%+ savings (relative to pre-retrofit) on 186 apartments, and a "DER scope" which was estimated to achieve 50% savings (relative to pre-retrofit) on a 12-unit building. The base scope was applied to the entire apartment complex, except for one 12-unit building which underwent the DER scope. A wide range of efficiency measures was applied to pursue this savings target for the DER building, including improvements/replacements of mechanical equipment and distribution systems, appliances, lighting and lighting controls, the building envelope, hot water conservation measures, and resident education. The results of this research build upon the current body of knowledge of multifamily retrofits. Towards this end, the research team has collected and generated data on the selection of measures, their estimated performance, their measured performance, and risk factors and their impact on potential measures.
Stand-Off Furring in Deep Energy Retrofits, Syracuse, New York (Fact Sheet)
IBACOS, in collaboration with GreenHomes America, was contracted by the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority to research exterior wall insulation solutions. This research investigated cost-effective deep energy retrofit (DER) solutions for improving the building shell exterior while achieving a cost-reduction goal, including reduced labor costs to reach a 50/50 split between material and labor. The strategies included exterior wall insulation plus energy upgrades as needed in the attic, mechanical and ventilation systems, and basement band joist, walls, and floors. The work can be integrated with other home improvements such as siding or window replacement. This strategy minimizes physical connections to existing wall studs, encapsulates existing siding materials (including lead paint) with spray foam, and creates a vented rain screen assembly to promote drying. GreenHomes America applied construction details created by IBACOS to a test home. 2x4 framing members were attached to the wall at band joists and top plates using 'L' clips, with spray foam insulating the wall after framing was installed. Windows were installed simultaneously with the framing, including extension jambs. The use of clips in specific areas provided the best strength potential, and 'picture framing' the spray foam held the 2x4s in place. Short-term testing was performed at this house, with monitoring equipment installed for long-term testing. Testing measurements will be provided in a later report, as well as utility impact (before and after), costs (labor and materials), construction time, standard specifications, and analysis for the exterior wall insulation strategy.
In 1998, Southwest Research Institute began a multi-year project to develop a working prototype instrument module for natural gas energy measurement. The module will be used to retrofit a natural gas custody transfer flow meter for energy measurement, at a cost an order of magnitude lower than a gas chromatograph. Development and evaluation of the prototype energy meter in 2002-2003 included: (1) refinement of the algorithm used to infer properties of the natural gas stream, such as heating value; (2) evaluation of potential sensing technologies for nitrogen content, improvements in carbon dioxide measurements, and improvements in ultrasonic measurement technology and signal processing for improved speed of sound measurements; (3) design, fabrication and testing of a new prototype energy meter module incorporating these algorithm and sensor refinements; and (4) laboratory and field performance tests of the original and modified energy meter modules. Field tests of the original energy meter module have provided results in close agreement with an onsite gas chromatograph. The original algorithm has also been tested at a field site as a stand-alone application using measurements from in situ instruments, and has demonstrated its usefulness as a diagnostic tool. The algorithm has been revised to use measurement technologies existing in the module to measure the gas stream at multiple states and infer nitrogen content. The instrumentation module has also been modified to incorporate recent improvements in CO{sub 2} and sound speed sensing technology. Laboratory testing of the upgraded module has identified additional testing needed to attain the target accuracy in sound speed measurements and heating value.
E. Kelner; D. George; T. Morrow; T. Owen; M. Nored; R. Burkey; A. Minachi
Cost-Benefit Analysis of Flexibility Retrofits for Coal and Gas-Fueled Power Plants: August 2012 - December 2013
High penetrations of wind and solar power plants can induce on/off cycling and ramping of fossil-fueled generators. This can lead to wear-and-tear costs and changes in emissions for fossil-fueled generators. Phase 2 of the Western Wind and Solar Integration Study (WWSIS-2) determined these costs and emissions and simulated grid operations to investigate the full impact of wind and solar on the fossil-fueled fleet. This report studies the costs and benefits of retrofitting existing units for improved operational flexibility (i.e., capability to turndown lower, start and stop faster, and ramp faster between load set-points).
Venkataraman, S.; Jordan, G.; O'Connor, M.; Kumar, N.; Lefton, S.; Lew, D.; Brinkman, G.; Palchak, D.; Cochran, J.
Energy Implications of Retrofitting Retail Sector Rooftop Units with Stepped-Speed and Variable-Speed Functionality
Commercial retailers understand that retrofitting constant-speed RTU fan motors with stepped- or variable-speed alternatives could save significant energy in most U.S. climate zones. However, they lack supporting data, both real-world and simulation based, on the cost effectiveness and climate zone-specific energy savings associated with this measure. Thus, building managers and engineers have been unable to present a compelling business case for fan motor upgrades to upper management. This study uses whole-building energy simulation to estimate the energy impact of this type of measure so retailers can determine its economic feasibility.
Studer, D.; Romero, R.; Herrmann, L.; Benne, K.
Simulation of the Post-Retrofit Thermal Energy Use for the University Teaching Center (UTC) Building with the Use of Simplified System Models
ESL-TR-91/12-03 ENERGY SYSTEMS LABORATORY TECHNICAL REPORT REPRINTED WITH PERMISSION Simulation of the Post-Retrofit Thermal Energy Use for the University Teaching Center (UTC) Building with the Use of Simplified System Models Srinivas Katipamula, P.... Texas 77843 (409) 845-6402. or (409) 845-3251 INTRODUCTION Several state owned buildings with dual-duct constant volume (DDCV) systems have been retrofitted with energy efficient variable air volume systems (VAV) as part of the Texas LoanSTAR Program...
May 2008 Standards Actions
Standards Actions 2 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 2 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 2 ASTM International 2 American Nuclear Society...
May 2006 Standards Actions
Standards Actions 1 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 1 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 2 ASTM International 2 American Nuclear Society...
November 2006 Standards Actions
Actions 2 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 2 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 2 ASTM International 2 American Nuclear Society (ANS) 2 National...
October 2007 Standards Actions
Actions 1 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 1 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 2 ASTM International 2 American Nuclear Society (ANS) 2 National...
Protective Actions and Reentry
Broader source: Directives, Delegations, and Requirements [Office of Management (MA)]
This volume defines appropriate protective actions and reentry of a site following an emergency. Canceled by DOE G 151.1-4.
Climate Action Plan (Kentucky)
The Commonwealth of Kentucky established the Kentucky Climate Action Plan Council (KCAPC) process to identify opportunities for Kentucky to respond to the challenge of global climate change while...
Energy Action Month
The Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) supports Energy Action Month by offering materials that promote energy- and water-saving practices in Federal facilities. This year's outreach materials call on Federal employees to take action and empower leadership, innovation, and excellence to realize a secure energy future.
Conceptual design of a coal-fired MHD retrofit plant. Topical report, Seed Regeneration System Study 2
Westinghouse Advanced Energy Systems (WAES), through Contract No. DE-AC22-87PC79668 funded by US DOE/PETC, is conducting a conceptual design study to evaluate a coal-fired magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) retrofit of a utility plant of sufficient size to demonstrate the technical and future economic viability of an MHD system operating within an electric utility environment. The objective of this topical report is to document continuing seed regeneration system application studies and the definition of will system integration requirements for the Scholz MHD retrofit plant design. MHD power plants require the addition of a seeding material in the form of potassium to enhance the ionization of the high temperature combustion gas in the MHD channel. This process has an added environmental advantage compared to other types of coal-fired power plants in that the potassium combines with the naturally occurring sulfur in the coal to form a potassium sulfate flyash (K{sub 2}SO{sub 4}) which can be removed from the process by appropriate particulate control equipment. Up to 100% of the Sulfur in the coal can be removed by this process thereby providing environmentally clean power plant operation that is better than required by present and anticipated future New Source Performance Standards (NSPS).
This report documents the first year's effort towards a 3-year program to develop micropilot ignition systems for existing pipeline compressor engines. In essence, all Phase I goals and objectives were met. We intend to proceed with the Phase II research plan, as set forth by the applicable Research Management Plan. The objective for Phase I was to demonstrate the feasibility of micropilot ignition for large bore, slow speed engines operating at low compression ratios. The primary elements of Micropilot Phase I were to develop a single-cylinder test chamber to study the injection of pilot fuel into a combustion cylinder and to develop, install and test a multi-cylinder micropilot ignition system for a 4-cylinder, natural gas test engine. In all, there were twelve (12) tasks defined and executed to support these two (2) primarily elements in a stepwise fashion. Task-specific approaches and results are documented in this report. Research activities for Micropilot Phase I were conducted with the understanding that the efforts are expected to result in a commercial product to capture and disseminate the efficiency and environmental benefits of this new technology. An extensive state-of-art review was conducted to leverage the existing body of knowledge of micropilot ignition with respect to retrofit applications. Additionally, commercially-available fuel injection products were identified and applied to the program where appropriate. This approach will minimize the overall time-to-market requirements, while meeting performance and cost criteria. The four-cylinder prototype data was encouraging for the micro-pilot ignition technology when compared to spark ignition. Initial testing results showed: (1) Brake specific fuel consumption of natural gas was improved from standard spark ignition across the map, 1% at full load and 5% at 70% load. (2) 0% misfires for all points on micropilot ignition. Fuel savings were most likely due to this percent misfire improvement. (3) THC (Total Hydrocarbon) emissions were improved significantly at light load, 38% at 70% load. (4) VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) emissions were improved above 80% load. (5) Coefficient of Variance for the IMEP (Indicated Mean Effective Pressure) was significantly less at lower loads, 76% less at 70%. These preliminary results will be substantiated and enhanced during Phase II of the Micropilot Ignition program.
Ted Bestor
11th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering 1998 Balkema, Rotterdam, ISBN 90 5410 982 3 Seismic retrofit of non-ductile concrete and masonry walls by steel-
Seismic retrofit of non-ductile concrete and masonry walls by steel- strips bracing Mustafa Taghdi, Michel, concrete, non-ductile, steel, strips, ductility, hysteretic behavior ABSTRACT: Four concrete block masonry from each pair was retro- fitted using a steel strip system. The steel strip system consists
Objective: Determine the energy use of two greenhouse insulation technologies (a bubble insulation system and an energy/shade screen) retrofitted into plastic covered greenhouses, and compare the
compared to the unimproved house. The bubble insulation system was more energy efficient than the other two roughly twice the savings stated above. Novel Approaches to Improve Energy Efficiency in Northern New system and an energy/shade screen) retrofitted into plastic covered greenhouses, and compare
Vermont, University of
District heating and cooling systems for communities through power plant retrofit distribution network. Phase 2. Final report, 1 March 1980-31 January 1984. Volume VII. Appendix C
This volume contains: Hudson No. 2 Limited Retrofit Cost Estimates provided by Stone and Webster Engineering Corp. (SWEC); backup data and basis of estimate for SWEC Heater Plant and Gas Turbine Plant (Kearny No. 12) cost estimates; and Appendices - Analysis of Relevant Tax Laws.
District heating and cooling systems for communities through power plant retrofit distribution network. Phase 2. Final report, March 1, 1980-January 31, 1984. Volume IV
This volume contains the following: discussion of cost estimating methodology, detailed cost estimates of Hudson No. 2 retrofit, intermediate thermal plant (Kearny No. 12) and local heater plants; transmission and distribution cost estimate; landfill gas cost estimate; staged development scenarios; economic evaluation; fuel use impact; air quality impact; and alternatives to district heating.
Clean Cities: Coalition Contacts
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsruc DocumentationP-Series to User Group and Userof aChristina MartosLibraryClayton Bagwelloffers
Clean Cities: Coalition Locations
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsruc DocumentationP-Series to User Group and Userof aChristina MartosLibraryClayton
Low NO{sub x}/SO{sub x} Burner retrofit for utility cyclone boilers. Quarterly technical progress report, June--September 1990
The objective of this project is to demonstrate the LNS Burner as retrofitted to the host cyclone boiler for effective low-cost control of NO{sub x} and SO{sub x} emissions while firing a bituminous coal. The LNS Burner employs a simple, innovative combustion process to burn pulverized coal at high temperatures and provides effective, low-cost control of sulfur dioxide (SO{sub 2}) and nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}) emissions. The coal ash contains sulfur and is removed in the form of molten slag and flyash. Cyclone-fired boiler units are typically older units firing high-sulfur bituminous coals at very high temperatures which results in very high NO{sub x} and SO{sub x} emissions. The addition of conventional emission control equipment, such as wet scrubbers, to these older cyclone units in order to meet current and future environmental regulations is generally not economic. Further, the units are generally not compatible with low sulfur coal switching for S0{sub 2} control or selective catalytic reduction technologies for NO{sub x} control. Because the LNS Burner operates at the same very high temperatures as a typical cyclone boiler and produces a similar slag product, it may offer a viable retrofit option for cyclone boiler emission control. This was confirmed by the Cyclone Boiler Retrofit Feasibility Study carried out by TransAlta and an Operating Committee formed of cyclone boiler owners in 1989. An existing utility cyclone boiler, was then selected for the evaluation of the cost and performance study. It was concluded that the LNS Burner retrofit would be a cost-effective option for control of cyclone boiler emissions. A full-scale demonstration of the LNS Burner retrofit was selected in October 1988 as part of the DOE`s Clean Coal Technology Program Round II.
August 2007 Standards Actions
August 2007 1.5 DOE Technical Standards Published No entries were received in August 2007 2.0 Non-Government Standards Actions 2.1 American National Standards Institute (ANSI)...
July 2007 Standards Actions
in June 2007 1.5 DOE Technical Standards Published No entries were received in June 2007 2.0 Non-Government Standards Actions 2.1 American National Standards Institute (ANSI)...
April 2007 Standards Actions
and Injury Surveillance Program Guidelines, 03222007; DOE-STD-1190-2007, OCSH-0005 2.0 Non-Government Standards Actions 2.1 American National Standards Institute (ANSI)...
Climate Action Plan (Maine)
In June 2003, the Maine State Legislature passed a bill charging the Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) with developing an action plan with the goal of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG)...
Corrective Action Program Guide
This Guide was developed to assist the Department of Energy (DOE) organizations and contractors in the development, implementation, and followup of corrective action programs utilizing the feedback and improvement core safety function within DOE's Integrated Safety Management System. This Guide outlines some of the basic principles, concepts, and lessons learned that DOE managers and contractors might consider when implementing corrective action programs based on their specific needs. Canceled by DOE G 414.1-2B. Does not cancel other directives.
Viewing biology in action | EMSL
Viewing biology in action Viewing biology in action DOE-funded pilot program will create mesoscale biological imaging platform James Evans EMSL received first-year funding of...
Simplified Space Conditioning in Low-Load Homes: Results from the Fresno, California, Retrofit Unoccupied Test House
Field testing was performed in a retrofit unoccupied test house in Fresno, California. Three air-based heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) distribution systems -- a typical airflow ducted system to the bedrooms, a low airflow ducted system to the bedrooms, and a system with no ductwork to the bedrooms -- were evaluated during heating, cooling, and midseason conditions. The relative ability of each of the three systems was assessed with respect to relevant Air Conditioning Contractors of America (ACCA) and ASHRAE standards for house temperature uniformity and stability, respectively. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling also was performed and refined based on comparison to field test results to determine the air flow rate into the bedrooms of over-door and bottom-of-door air transfer grilles.
Stecher, D.; Poerschke, A.
RM12-2703 Advanced Rooftop Unit Control Retrofit Kit Field Demonstration: Hawaii and Guam Energy Improvement Technology Demonstration Project
As part of its overall strategy to meet its energy goals, the Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC) partnered with U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) to rapidly demonstrate and deploy cost-effective renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies. This was one of several demonstrations of new and underutilized commercial energy efficiency technologies. The consistent year-round demand for air conditioning and dehumidification in Hawaii provides an advantageous demonstration location for advanced rooftop control (ARC) retrofit kits to packaged rooftop units (RTUs). This report summarizes the field demonstration of ARCs installed on nine RTUs serving a 70,000-ft2 exchange store (large retail) and two RTUs, each serving small office buildings located on Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam (JBPHH).
Doebber, I.; Dean, J.; Dominick, J.; Holland, G.
Heating and cooling the house is one of the homeowners major expenses. Reducing these costs, saving energy, and creating a healthier, more comfortable indoor environment are good reasons to consider improving the building thermal envelope. Improvements usually consider increasing the amount of insulation, reducing the infiltration of outside air, and controlling moisture in existing buildings. This report describes the use of spray foam materials to insulate, seal, and control moisture. This discussion is limited to treating areas that are accessible. What is accessible, however, can vary depending on the type of renovation. If the building has been gutted or exterior surfaces removed, there are more options. This report will look at areas to consider for spray foam application and discuss the types of spray foams available and their uses. A number of case studies are presented to show the effectiveness of this retrofit in existing houses based on performance data.
Christian, Jeffrey E [ORNL; Gant, Kathy [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)
Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant Program
Action or Project Description 1) Community CFL program, 2) technical consultant for Energy and Climate Action Plan, 3) Civic Center light retrofit, 4) HVAC retrofit project, 5)...
The Potential for Energy Retrofits within the City of Sacramento's Rental Housing Inspection Program
This report presents the results of an analysis performed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for the City of Sacramento--under the U.S. Department of Energy�s Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Weatherization and Intergovernmental Projects Technical Assistance Program--to help determine the potential for incorporating energy efficiency standards into the City�s existing Rental Housing Inspection Program as part of Sacramento�s efforts to create a Climate Action Plan.
Iverson, Megan M.; Sande, Susan; Britt, Michelle L.
Mitigation Action Plan
This Mitigation Action Plan (MAP) focuses on mitigation commitments stated in the Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS) and the Record of Decision (ROD) for the Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 1 (NPR-1). Specific commitments and mitigation implementation actions are listed in Appendix A-Mitigation Actions, and form the central focus of this MAP. They will be updated as needed to allow for organizational, regulatory, or policy changes. It is the intent of DOE to comply with all applicable federal, state, and local environmental, safety, and health laws and regulations. Eighty-six specific commitments were identified in the SEIS and associated ROD which pertain to continued operation of NPR-1 with petroleum production at the Maximum Efficient Rate (MER). The mitigation measures proposed are expected to reduce impacts as much as feasible, however, as experience is gained in actual implementation of these measures, some changes may be warranted.
POSITION MANAGEMENT ACTION FORM Workforce Planning | 408-924-2250 email@example.com SJSU Human FOR POSITION MANAGEMENT FORM Workforce Planning | 408-924-2250| email@example.com SJSU Human Resources Revised contact your Workforce Planning Analyst. List the name of the position this position reports to
Eirinaki, Magdalini
Action Plan Materials Science
sense, including all strata) has available to it a wide range of con- venient products which improve, improving companies' pros- pects and generating wealth without harming the environment. And allAction Plan 2010-2013 Materials Science Area EXECUTIVE SUMMARY #12;N.B.: If you require any further
Fitze, Patrick
Corrective Action Investigation Plan for Corrective Action Unit...
Plan for Corrective Action Unit 541: Small Boy Nevada National Security Site and Nevada Test and Training Range, Nevada Re-direct Destination: Corrective Action Unit (CAU) 541 is...
SAVEnergy Action Plans
The Department of Energy`s Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) is charged with carrying out key sections of EPACT and Executive Order 12903, to make the Federal government operate more efficiently. A congressionally mandated energy and water conservation audit program is one component of this growing DOE program. This paper traces the SAVEnergy Action Plan program throughout its development from (1) identifying projects and Agency champions, (2) establishing a protocol and fitting auditors into the program, (3) developing a data base to track the audits and measure their success, and (4) evaluating the process, learning from mistakes, and charting and transferring successes. A major tenet of the SAVEnergy program is to proactively prescreen all audit activities to ensure that -- where audits are done and Action Plans completed -- projects will be done.
Mayo, K.; Westby, R. [National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO (United States)] [National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO (United States); deMonsabert, S. [George Mason Univ., Fairfax, VA (United States)] [George Mason Univ., Fairfax, VA (United States); Ginsberg, M. [USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)] [USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
CLEMSON UNIVERSITY Sustainability Action Plan
.......................................................................... 8 Action Steps for Sustainability Education, Culture, and Leadership CLEMSON UNIVERSITY Sustainability Action Plan Submitted by the President's Commission on Sustainability, August 1, 2011 Version 1.0.9 #12; 1 Table of Contents President
Duchowski, Andrew T.
Climate Action Plan (Manitoba, Canada)
Manitoba's Climate Action Plan centers around energy efficiency, although it includes mandates and initiatives for renewable sources of energy.
We present a computational approach to radical rhetoric that leverages the co-expression of rhetoric and action features in discourse to identify violent intent. The approach combines text mining and machine learning techniques with insights from Frame Analysis and theories that explain the emergence of violence in terms of moral disengagement, the violation of sacred values and social isolation in order to build computational models that identify messages from terrorist sources and estimate their proximity to an attack. We discuss a specific application of this approach to a body of documents from and about radical and terrorist groups in the Middle East and present the results achieved.
Sanfilippo, Antonio P.; McGrath, Liam R.; Whitney, Paul D.
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth7-1D: VegetationEquipment SurfacesResource Program PreliminaryA3,0Statements |Mission73 4.17Mitigation Action
Interim Action Determination
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "of EnergyEnergyENERGY TAX POLICIES7.pdfFuel2007 | Department7 U.S. Department ofAboutWAPAInterim Action
designated site consists of the 111-acre tailings pile, the mill yard, and piles of demolition rubble awaiting burial. The site contains 2.659 million cubic yards of tailings including 277,000 cubic yards of contaminated material in the mill yard, ore storage area, and Ann Lee Mine area; 151,000 cubic yards in the protore storage and leach pad areas; and 664,000 cubic yards of windblown contaminated soil, including excess soil that would result from excavation. Remedial action The remedial action will start with the excavation of windblown contaminated material and placement around the west, south, and east sides of the pile to buttress the slopes for increased stability. Most of the demolition rubble will be placed in the southern part of the pile and be covered with tailings. The northern part of the tailings pile (one million cubic yards) will then be excavated and placed on the south part of the pile to reduce the size of the disposal cell footprint. Demolition rubble that
Inactive Uranium; Mill Tailings Site; Uranium Mill Tremedial
Plan for Corrective Action Unit 541: Small Boy Nevada National Security Site and Nevada Test and Training Range, Nevada Re-direct Destination: Temp Data Fields Matthews, Patrick...
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Solar in Action (Brochure), Solar...
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Solar in Action (Brochure), Solar America Cities, Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy (EERE) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Solar in Action (Brochure),...
Guam Energy Action Plan
Describes the four near-term strategies selected by the Guam Energy Task Force during action planning workshops conducted in March 2013, and outlines the steps being taken to implement those strategies. Each strategy addresses one of the energy sectors identified in the earlier Guam strategic energy plan as being an essential component of diversifying Guam's fuel sources and reducing fossil energy consumption 20% by 2020. The four energy strategies selected are: (1) expanding public outreach on energy efficiency and conservation, (2) establishing a demand-side management revolving loan program, (3) exploring waste-to-energy options, and (4) influencing the transportation sector via anti-idling legislation, vehicle registration fees, and electric vehicles.
Conrad, M. D.; Ness, J. E.
The U.S. Department of Energy and ADA Environmental Solutions are engaged in a project to develop commercial flue gas conditioning additives. The objective is to develop conditioning agents that can help improve particulate control performance of smaller or under-sized electrostatic precipitators on utility coal-fired boilers. The new chemicals will be used to control both the electrical resistivity and the adhesion or cohesivity of the fly ash. There is a need to provide cost-effective and safer alternatives to traditional flue gas conditioning with SO{sub 3} and ammonia. During this reporting quarter, performance testing of flue gas conditioning was completed at the PacifiCorp Jim Bridger Power Plant. The product tested, ADA-43, was a combination resistivity modifier with cohesivity polymers. The product was effective as a flue gas conditioner. However, ongoing problems with in-duct deposition resulting from the flue gas conditioning were not entirely resolved. Primarily these problems were the result of difficulties encountered with retrofit of an existing spray humidification system. Eventually it proved necessary to replace all of the original injection lances and to manually bypass the PLC-based air/liquid feed control. This yielded substantial improvement in spray atomization and system reliability. However, the plant opted not to install a permanent system. Also in this quarter, preparations continued for a test of the cohesivity additives at the American Electric Power Conesville Plant, Unit 3. This plant fires a bituminous coal and has opacity and particulate emissions performance issues related to fly ash re-entrainment. Ammonia conditioning is employed here on one unit, but there is interest in liquid cohesivity additives as a safer alternative.
Kenneth E. Baldrey
Use of Energy Management and Control Systems for Performance Monitoring of Retrofit Projects: Final Summary Report for USDOE Office of Conservation and Energy, Final Revision, March 1993
ESL-TR-91/09-02 Use of Energy Management and Control Systems for Performance Monitoring of Retrofit Projects Final Summary Report Grant # DE-FG01-90CE21003 David E. Claridge, Ph.D., P.E., Co-Principal Investigator, Jeff S. Haberl, Ph.D., P.E., Co... for Appropriate Technology, Butte, Montana September 1991, First Revision March 1992, Final Revision March 1993 USDOE EMCS Report p. i 1.0 Executive Summary Traditionally, Energy Management and Control Systems (EMCSs) have been used to control HVAC, lighting, fire...
Claridge, D. E.; Haberl, J. S.; Sparks, R. J.; Bryant, J.; Poyner, B.; Belur, R.; Bryant, J.; Akbari, H.; Heinemeier, K. E.; Lippman, R.; McBride, J.
Scale Matters: An Action Plan for Realizing Sector-Wide"Zero-Energy" Performance Goals in Commercial Buildings
It is widely accepted that if the United States is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions it must aggressively address energy end use in the building sector. While there have been some notable but modest successes with mandatory and voluntary programs, there have also been puzzling failures to achieve expected savings. Collectively, these programs have not yet reached the majority of the building stock, nor have they yet routinely produced very large savings in individual buildings. Several trends that have the potential to change this are noteworthy: (1) the growing market interest in 'green buildings' and 'sustainable design', (2) the major professional societies (e.g. AIA, ASHRAE) have more aggressively adopted significant improvements in energy efficiency as strategic goals, e.g. targeting 'zero energy', carbon-neutral buildings by 2030. While this vision is widely accepted as desirable, unless there are significant changes to the way buildings are routinely designed, delivered and operated, zero energy buildings will remain a niche phenomenon rather than a sector-wide reality. Toward that end, a public/private coalition including the Alliance to Save Energy, LBNL, AIA, ASHRAE, USGBC and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) are developing an 'action plan' for moving the U.S. commercial building sector towards zero energy performance. It addresses regional action in a national framework; integrated deployment, demonstration and R&D threads; and would focus on measurable, visible performance indicators. This paper outlines this action plan, focusing on the challenge, the key themes, and the strategies and actions leading to substantial reductions in GHG emissions by 2030.
Selkowitz, Stephen; Selkowitz, Stephen; Granderson, Jessica; Haves, Philip; Mathew, Paul; Harris, Jeff
U.S. Department of Energy NEPA Categorical Exclusion Determination
Proposed Action or Project Description 1) Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) retrofit at Lake Olmstead Park, 2) HVAC retrofit at Law Enforcement Center, 3)...
BIOMASS ACTION PLAN FOR SCOTLAND #12; #12;© Crown copyright 2007 ISBN: 978 0 7559 6506 9 Scottish% recyclable. #12;A BIOMASS ACTION PLAN FOR SCOTLAND #12;#12;1 CONTENTS FOREWORD 3 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 2. INTRODUCTION 9 3. WIDER CONTEXT 13 4. SCOTLAND'S ROLE IN THE UK BIOMASS STRATEGY 17 5. BIOMASS HEATING 23 6
STUDENT DISCIPLINARY ACTION FORM INSTRUCTIONS Labor Program Office Berea College While one across campus. The "Student Disciplinary Action Form" was designed to provide labor supervisors directly with the student and discuss the matter in private. Calmly discuss the offense and the corrective
Baltisberger, Jay H.
Evaluation of Two CEDA Weatherization Pilot Implementations of an Exterior Insulation and Over-Clad Retrofit Strategy for Residential Masonry Buildings in Chicago
This project examines the implementation of an exterior insulation and over-clad strategy for brick masonry buildings in Chicago. The strategy was implemented at a free-standing two story two-family dwelling and a larger free-standing multifamily building. The test homes selected for this research represent predominant housing types for the Chicago area. High heating energy use typical in these buildings threaten housing affordability. Uninsulated mass masonry wall assemblies also have a strongly detrimental impact on comfort. Significant changes to the performance of masonry wall assemblies is generally beyond the reach of typical weatherization (Wx) program resources. The Community and Economic Development Association of Cook County, Inc. (CEDA) has secured a Sustainable Energy Resources for Consumers (SERC) innovation grant sponsored by the United States Department of Energy (DOE). This grant provides CEDA the opportunity to pursue a pilot implementation of innovative approaches to retrofit in masonry wall enclosures. The exterior insulation and over-clad strategy implemented through this project was designed to allow implementation by contractors active in CEDA weatherization programs and using materials and methods familiar to these contractors. The retrofit measures are evaluated in terms of feasibility, cost and performance. Through observations of the strategies implemented, the research described in this report identifies measures critical to performance as well as conditions for wider adoption. The research also identifies common factors that must be considered in determining whether the exterior insulation and over-clad strategy is appropriate for the building.
Coal Direct Chemical Looping Retrofit to Pulverized Coal Power Plants for In-Situ CO2 Capture
A novel Coal Direct Chemical Looping (CDCL) system is proposed to effectively capture CO2 from existing PC power plants. The work during the past three years has led to an oxygen carrier particle with satisfactory performance. Moreover, successful laboratory, bench scale, and integrated demonstrations have been performed. The proposed project further advanced the novel CDCL technology to sub-pilot scale (25 kWth). To be more specific, the following objectives attained in the proposed project are: 1. to further improve the oxygen carrying capacity as well as the sulfur/ash tolerance of the current (working) particle; 2. to demonstrate continuous CDCL operations in an integrated mode with > 99% coal (bituminous, subbituminous, and lignite) conversion as well as the production of high temperature exhaust gas stream that is suitable for steam generation in existing PC boilers; 3. to identify, via demonstrations, the fate of sulfur and NOx; 4. to conduct thorough techno-economic analysis that validates the technical and economical attractiveness of the CDCL system. The objectives outlined above were achieved through collaborative efforts among all the participants. CONSOL Energy Inc. performed the techno-economic analysis of the CDCL process. Shell/CRI was able to perform feasibility and economic studies on the large scale particle synthesis and provide composite particles for the sub-pilot scale testing. The experience of B&W (with boilers) and Air Products (with handling gases) assisted the retrofit system design as well as the demonstration unit operations. The experience gained from the sub-pilot scale demonstration of the Syngas Chemical Looping (SCL) process at OSU was able to ensure the successful handling of the solids. Phase 1 focused on studies to improve the current particle to better suit the CDCL operations. The optimum operating conditions for the reducer reactor such as the temperature, char gasification enhancer type, and flow rate were identified. The modifications of the existing bench scale reactor were completed in order to use it in the next phase of the project. In Phase II, the optimum looping medium was selected, and bench scale demonstrations were completed using them. Different types of coal char such as those obtained from bituminous, subbituminous, and lignite were tested. Modifications were made on the existing sub-pilot scale unit for coal injection. Phase III focused on integrated CDCL demonstration in the sub-pilot scale unit. A comprehensive ASPEN� simulations and economic analysis was completed by CONSOL t is expected that the CDCL process will be ready for further demonstrations in a scale up unit upon completion of the proposed project.
Zeng, Liang; Li, Fanxing; Kim, Ray; Bayham, Samuel; McGiveron, Omar; Tong, Andrew; Connell, Daniel; Luo, Siwei; Sridhar, Deepak; Wang, Fei; Sun, Zhenchao; Fan, Liang-Shih
Toxecon Retrofit for Mercury and Mulit-Pollutant Control on Three 90-MW Coal-Fired Boilers
This U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Clean Coal Power Initiative (CCPI) project was based on a cooperative agreement between We Energies and the DOE Office of Fossil Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) to design, install, evaluate, and demonstrate the EPRI-patented TOXECON{trademark} air pollution control process. Project partners included Cummins & Barnard, ADA-ES, and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). The primary goal of this project was to reduce mercury emissions from three 90-MW units that burn Powder River Basin coal at the We Energies Presque Isle Power Plant in Marquette, Michigan. Additional goals were to reduce nitrogen oxide (NO{sub x}), sulfur dioxide (SO{sub 2}), and particulate matter emissions; allow reuse and sale of fly ash; advance commercialization of the technology; demonstrate a reliable mercury continuous emission monitor (CEM) suitable for use at power plants; and demonstrate recovery of mercury from the sorbent. Mercury was controlled by injection of activated carbon upstream of the TOXECON{trademark} baghouse, which achieved more than 90% removal on average over a 44-month period. During a two-week test involving trona injection, SO{sub 2} emissions were reduced by 70%, although no coincident removal of NOx was achieved. The TOXECON{trademark} baghouse also provided enhanced particulate control, particularly during startup of the boilers. On this project, mercury CEMs were developed and tested in collaboration with Thermo Fisher Scientific, resulting in a reliable CEM that could be used in the power plant environment and that could measure mercury as low as 0.1 {micro}g/m{sup 3}. Sorbents were injected downstream of the primary particulate collection device, allowing for continued sale and beneficial use of captured fly ash. Two methods for recovering mercury using thermal desorption on the TOXECON{trademark} PAC/ash mixture were successfully tested during this program. Two methods for using the TOXECON{trademark} PAC/ash mixture in structural concrete were also successfully developed and tested. This project demonstrated a significant reduction in the rate of emissions from Presque Isle Units 7, 8, and 9, and substantial progress toward establishing the design criteria for one of the most promising mercury control retrofit technologies currently available. The Levelized Cost for 90% mercury removal at this site was calculated at $77,031 per pound of mercury removed with a capital cost of $63,189 per pound of mercury removed. Mercury removal at the Presque Isle Power Plant averages approximately 97 pounds per year.
Steven Derenne; Robin Stewart
Mind Out of Action: The Intentionality of Automatic Actions�
We think less than we think. My thesis moves from this suspicion to show that standard accounts of intentional action can't explain the whole of agency. Causalist accounts such as Davidson's and Bratman's, according to ...
Di Nucci, Ezio
actions significant actions: Topics by E-print Network
Commitment in January 2009. In doing so, he joined more than 600 presidents to achieve climate neutrality as soon as possible. 2. Initiate two or more tangible actions to reduce...
SCOTTISH RED SQUIRREL ACTION PLAN 20062011 #12;#12;S C O T T I S H R E D S Q U I R R E L A C T I O.1 Background 1 1.2 Action Plan Working Group 1 1.3 Issues affecting the conservation of the red squirrel 1 1.2 Timescale and partnership working 3 2.3 Rationale 3 2.4 Key actions 4 2.4.1 Establish and monitor the red
Climate Action Plan (Ontario, Canada)
Climate Ready, Ontario's Adaptation Strategy and Action Plan, outlines the problems, goals, and key strategies for the province's approach to climate change and the problems it poses. The Plan...
ICDF Complex Remedial Action Report
This Idaho CERCLA Disposal Facility (ICDF) Remedial Action Report has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of Section 6.2 of the INEEL CERCLA Disposal Facility Remedial Action Work Plan. The agency prefinal inspection of the ICDF Staging, Storage, Sizing, and Treatment Facility (SSSTF) was completed in June of 2005. Accordingly, this report has been developed to describe the construction activities completed at the ICDF along with a description of any modifications to the design originally approved for the facility. In addition, this report provides a summary of the major documents prepared for the design and construction of the ICDF, a discussion of relevant requirements and remedial action objectives, the total costs associated with the development and operation of the facility to date, and identification of necessary changes to the Agency-approved INEEL CERCLA Disposal Facility Remedial Action Work Plan and the ICDF Complex Operations and Maintenance Plan.
W. M. Heileson
Climate Action Plan (New Hampshire)
29 members of Governor John Lynch�s Climate Change Policy Task Force developed a Climate Action Plan in 2009. It is aimed at achieving the greatest feasible reductions in greenhouse gas emissions...
Climate Action Champions Request for Applications | Department...
Climate Action Champions Request for Applications Climate Action Champions Request for Applications October 27, 2014 5:00PM EDT Climate Action Champions On Oct. 1, 2014, the Obama...
UCSF Sustainability Action Plan: Executive Summary
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Yamamoto, Keith
Dover Textiles - A Case History on Retrofitting Factories with a Boiler System Fueled on Coal, Wood and Waste
The shortage of affordable gas and oil boiler fuels and the recent Iran/Iraq war underscores the urgent need for the American industrial system to convert to domestically controlled fuels and particularly coal, wood, and waste. More talk than action...
Pincelli, R. D.
Worldwide Energy Efficiency Action through Capacity Building...
and Training (WEACT) Jump to: navigation, search Logo: Worldwide Energy Efficiency Action through Capacity Building and Training (WEACT) Name Worldwide Energy Efficiency Action...
DOE Announces Additional Energy Efficiency Enforcement Action...
Energy Efficiency Enforcement Action to Protect Consumers DOE Announces Additional Energy Efficiency Enforcement Action to Protect Consumers January 7, 2010 - 12:00am Addthis...
Energy Agency Coordinators for Energy Action Month
Agency coordinators serve as primary Federal agency points of contact for Energy Action Month. Contact them if you have questions about implementing an Energy Action Month campaign.
Guidance Regarding Actions That May Proceed During the NEPA Process...
Regarding Actions That May Proceed During the NEPA Process: Interim Actions Guidance Regarding Actions That May Proceed During the NEPA Process: Interim Actions DOE guidance to...
Supermarket Energy Retrofit
, Kevin., Kevin Finn Consulting., (2009), In From the Cold - Strategies to increase the energy efficiency of non-domestic refrigeration in Australia and New Zealand, Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency (DCCEE), Australian Government, GPO... of doors is much more complex than this simple rule. Yes, in some situations, with some products, the sales may reduce but in others there will be no effect or even a positive effect on sales. Whether the product is a staple or discretionary, how cold...
Dazeley, J.
LED Lighting Retrofit
? Municipal Street Lighting Consortium ? American Public Power Association (APPA) ? Demonstration in Energy Efficiency Development (DEED) ? Source of funding and database of completed LED roadway projects 6 Rules of the Road ESL-KT-11-11-57 CATEE 2011..., 2011 ? 9 Solar-Assisted LED Case Study LaQuinta Hotel, Cedar Park, Texas ? Utilizes 18 - ActiveLED Solar-Assisted Parking Lot Lights ? Utilizes ?power management? to extend battery life while handling light output ? Reduces load which reduces PV...
Shaw-Meadow, N.
High Performance Window Retrofit
The US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) and Traco partnered to develop high-performance windows for commercial building that are cost-effective. The main performance requirement for these windows was that they needed to have an R-value of at least 5 ft2 F h/Btu. This project seeks to quantify the potential energy savings from installing these windows in commercial buildings that are at least 20 years old. To this end, we are conducting evaluations at a two-story test facility that is representative of a commercial building from the 1980s, and are gathering measurements on the performance of its windows before and after double-pane, clear-glazed units are upgraded with R5 windows. Additionally, we will use these data to calibrate EnergyPlus models that we will allow us to extrapolate results to other climates. Findings from this project will provide empirical data on the benefits from high-performance windows, which will help promote their adoption in new and existing commercial buildings. This report describes the experimental setup, and includes some of the field and simulation results.
Shrestha, Som S [ORNL; Hun, Diana E [ORNL; Desjarlais, Andre Omer [ORNL
Retrofitting for Energy Savings
. The carbon monoxide in the regenerator off gas is completely combusted to carbon dioxide in the CO boiler to generate steam. Recovery of energy from the regenerator off gas through use of a power recovery turbine has also been used recently. Coupling... is produced by reforming straight run, hydr cracker, catalylic cracker and coker naphthas. A hydr " gen-rich off gas is produced as a byproducl of tl c reforming reaction and is often used for hydrOlrcar r hydrogen makeup supply. Low pressure reforming...
Elshout, R. V.
Culvert Retrofit Testing
water flow conditions and to relate fish passage success tocondition. Backwatering influences passage success throughsuccess at 1.5 cfs is not a function of baffling conditions,
May, Christopher; Thom, Ron
Industrial Retrofits are Possible
Ontario is the industrial heartland of Canada and more than 80% of its energy comes from Canadian sources with the remainder from the neighbouring U.S. states. Because of the ever increasing demand for energy relating to increased economic activity...
Stobart, E. W.
Natural Cooling Retrofit
of the most important design considerations for any method of Natural Cool ing is the chil led water temperature range selected for use during Natural Cool ing. Figure VI shows that for a hypo thetical Chicago plant, the hours of operation for a Natural..." system on the Natural Cool ing cycle. As the pressures and flow rates of the condenser and chil led water systems are seldom the same, the designer must pay careful attention to the cross over system design to ensure harmonious operations on both...
Fenster, L. C.; Grantier, A. J.
Transatlantic Perspectives Forging Legitimizing Coalitions
Protection Reforms March 19, 2014 Print By: Lisa Kastner | In: Business & Economics Program Issues: Economic--corporate and civic--in influencing and redirecting regulatory reforms? How do critical junctures like financial crises change interest group dynamics? Focusing on financial consumer protection reforms across
Bright Future NW Energy Coalition
Getting To a Bright Future 1. Cap global-warming emissions. President Obama and the U.S. Congress should Climate Initiative: 15% reduction from 1990 levels by 2020, 80% or larger reduction by 2050. While
Minnesota Tribal Coalition - Final Report
The project helped tribal leaders, staff and community members on the Grand Portage, Leech Lake, and White Earth Reservations better understand their community's energy usage, assess local resources that might be utilized to reduce energy consumption and begin to formulate appropriate development strategies. The principal guiding interest was to assess energy usage and the potential for wind resource development on each of the three reservations. Key tribal staff became familiar with wind energy technology and assessment methodologies that will be of continued use as each tribe moves forward with development projects. The findings were that wind resources are available at each reservation with varying degrees of potential for development. At White Earth moderate to excellent resources are present at White Earth village and along the U.S. 59 corridor sufficient to be tapped to serve several scattered tribal complexes. At Grand Portage a former community television repeater tower site provides a viable elevated location for a wind turbine to serve the tribal community settlement. At Leech Lake, while most constrained by tree cover, a site adjacent to a casino holds promise for the newer taller wind turbines now coming to market at ever-increasing taller rotor heights. The project developed considerable data of importance regarding the potential for wind development on and near each reservation.
Michael Triplett
Illinois Coalition | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia: Energy Resources Jump to: navigation,Ohio:GreerHiCalifornia:ISI SolarIdanha, Oregon:Ike SkeltonIllinoisIllinois
UC DAVIS 20092010 CLIMATE ACTION PLAN JUNE 1, 2010 #12;UC Davis 2009-2010 Climate Action Plan Page 2 UC DAVIS 2009-2010 CLIMATE ACTION PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements...................................................................................................... 24 Chapter 3: Emissions Reduction Actions 3.1 Energy Use Reduction to Date
Schladow, S. Geoffrey
Know the symptoms. Take action.
1 " " Know the symptoms. Take action. heart attack c a l l Don't Take a Chance With a Heart Attack: Know the Facts and Act Fast More than 1 million people in the United States have heart attacks each attack happens, delay in treatment can be deadly. Learn the warning symptoms of a heart attack, and know
Bandettini, Peter A.
heart attack Know the symptoms. Take action. c a l l Important Information Fill out the next two:____________________________ Home phone:_______________________ Work phone: ________________________ December 2011 #12;Heart Attack might be having heart attack symptoms or a heart attack, call 911 immediately. Don't ignore your pain
Climate Change Action Plan Report
Climate Change Action Plan Report Intermountain Region 2013 National Park Service Resource Stewardship and Science Landscape Conservation and Climate Change Division #12;About this Report Each National Park Service is responding to the challenge of climate change; and (2) raise awareness among NPS
Hansen, Andrew J.
Climate Action Champions Informational Webinar
An informational webinar will be held on Thursday, Oct. 9 from 1:00 p.m. - 3:00 p.m. Eastern Standard Time (EST) to provide applicants with an overview of the Climate Action Champions opportunity, the application process, and answer any questions.
Action of manganese on puberty
to Mn than adults, we wanted to determine the effects of Mn exposure on puberty-related hormones and the onset of puberty, and discern the site and mechanism of Mn action. We demonstrated that the central administration of manganese chloride (MnCl2...
Lee, Bo Yeon
CLIMATE ACTION PLAN SEPTEMBER 2009 UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO · OFFICE OF SUSTAINABILITY · ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO #12;#12;The University of New Mexico is committed to reducing energy usage and our d. Policy 2100 "Sustainability"............ 53 e. Policy 5100 "Energy Management" 58 B. Future
Maccabe, Barney
The purpose of this Corrective Action Plan is to provide the detailed scope of work required to implement the recommended corrective actions as specified in the approved Corrective Action Decision Document.
National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "ofEarlyEnergyDepartment ofDepartmentStewardshipAdministration helps INITIATED BY: INITIATEDLos
WOODS FOR LEARNING ACTION PLAN 2010-2013 Objective National Indicators Specific actions
WOODS FOR LEARNING ACTION PLAN 2010-2013 Objective National Indicators Specific actions Lead positive inspection reports Develop Forest Kindergarten with nurseries in both private and state sectors
Neighborhood Progress Through Organized Action.
[Blank Page in Original Bulletin] ~ei~ h borhood Progress Through Organized Action E. C. MARTIN, Administrative Assistant BONNIE COX, Organization Specialist MRS. EULA NEWMAN, Specialist in Home Management TEXAS A. & M. COLLEGE SYSTEM "The... coord: lent r peo plt 1. mmunity organization is successful when all families erested groups participate. Such an organization may inate interest in the community and provide an excel- neans for channeling most programs. The interest...
Newman, Eula; Cox, Bonnie; Martin, E. C.
Riverland expedited response action proposal
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Washington Department of Ecology (Ecology) recommended that the US Department of Energy (DOE) prepare an expedited response action (ERA) for the Riverland Railroad Car Wash Pit and the 600 Area Army Munitions Burial Site. A non-time-critical ERA proposal includes preparation of an engineering evaluation/cost analysis (EE/CA) section. The EE/CA is a rapid, focused evaluation of available technologies using specific screening factors to assess feasibility, appropriateness, and cost. The ERA proposal will undergo reviews by Westinghouse Hanford Company (WHC), DOE, EPA, Ecology, and the public. Ecology and EPA will issue an Action Agreement Memorandum after resolution of all review comments. The, memorandum will authorize remediation activities. The ERA goal is to reduce the potential for any contaminant migration to the soil column, groundwater, and Columbia River. The ERA may be the final remediation of the 100-IU-1 Operable Unit. A No Action Record of Decision may be issued after cleanup completion.
Digital controls for plant control systems at the Ulchin 5 and 6 NPP: Lessons for the U.S. NPP retrofits?
South Korea, through its nuclear operating arm, Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power, Ltd. (KHNP), has been one of the leading countries in the routine construction and operation of nuclear power plants. While standardizing on certain design approaches in the plant, KHNP continues to stress the need for the most reliable and cutting edge I and C technologies available for safety and non safety related NSSS and BOP functions. Its specifications are among the most challenging in the world with regard to the system performance and reliability requirements that must be met for the systems to be supplied. The Ulchin Units 5 and 6 (1000 MW each) nuclear power plants have been recently commissioned (2004 and 2005 respectively) with advanced programmable digital control systems in the NSSS and BOP (which includes both safety and non-safety applications). The systems supplied met what the authors believe are the most rigorous performance and functional specification criteria in use today. The authors will highlight a number of the specification requirements, the rationale for same and the plant experiences in the resultant supplied systems. As the existing U.S. nuclear fleet is faced with the prospect of upgrading legacy controls with digital controls, there are valuable lessons to be learned in the Ulchin 5 and 6 experiences that can be applied to retrofits and even new U.S. plant designs. Ulchin 5 and 6 is one of the success stories in the application of advanced digital technology to nuclear power plants. The specification focus that guided the selection and project execution for the digital controls supplied for Ulchin was on several key areas: a) a high reliable fault tolerant system, b)functional segmentation to minimize the failure effects on operation, c) validation and verification of the owner's engineer's application design (for regulatory compliance) as well as validation and verification of the system architecture and operation (to assure system performance met intended use); d)system performance criteria (system response time is critical to plant performance); e)global long term system support (HMI, control system components; communications); f)diversity (safety and non-safety; high integrity communication) The paper will review the key specification criteria, not only in context of a successful implementation for the Ulchin plant, but will also discuss applicability to the challenges of using digital controls in retrofit applications in U.S. nuclear power plants and in particular with regard to system performance and regulatory issues. (authors)
McCreary, T.; Stevens, J. [HF Controls Corp., 16650 Westgrove, Addison, TX 75001 (United States)
5 Putting Science into Action on Forest
5 Putting Science into Action on Forest Service Lands William M. Block u.s. Forest Service, Rocky into Action on Forest Service Lands t':: Research and Development, National Forest Systems, State and Private Forestry, International Programs
Emergence and perceptual guidance of prehensile action�
Successful coordination of prehensile action depends upon the selection and control of appropriate reach and grasp movements. This thesis explores how prehensile actions are shaped and regulated by perceptual information. ...
Smith, Joanne
creates a private right of action on behalf of any individual or group against the Health Center. #12AFFIRMATIVE ACTION PLAN FOR VETERANS AND INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES University of Connecticut Health Center UCHC Farmington, CT July 1, 2008 - June 30, 2009 #12;AFFIRMATIVE ACTION PLAN FOR VETERANS
Oliver, Douglas L.
The Effect of SEC Enforcement Actions and Class Action Lawsuits on Peer Jared Jennings
environment in the U.S. is the prevalence of private class action lawsuits. In this paper, we investigateThe Effect of SEC Enforcement Actions and Class Action Lawsuits on Peer Firms Jared Jennings the SEC to deter potential miscreants via its enforcement actions against firms that indulge in fraudulent
Lin, Xiaodong
Numerical Tests of the Improved Fermilab Action
Recently, the Fermilab heavy-quark action was extended to include dimension-six and -seven operators in order to reduce the discretization errors. In this talk, we present results of the first numerical simulations with this action (the OK action), where we study the masses of the quarkonium and heavy-light systems. We calculate combinations of masses designed to test improvement and compare results obtained with the OK action to their counterparts obtained with the clover action. Our preliminary results show a clear improvement.
C. Detar; A. S. Kronfeld; M. B. Oktay
Practical Action | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia: Energy ResourcesLoadingPenobscot County, Maine:Plug Power IncPowder River EnergyCubePractical Action Jump to:
Dynamo action in flows with
Dynamo action in flows with cat's eyes A l i c e C o u r v o i s i e r A n d r e w G i l b e r t Y of k for R = 500 and the flow (2.4) and (2.5). nts k = 2.5 and k = 5 are highlighted. Magnetic field). In (a) k = 2.5 and we have 0.5 max Bz (with max Bz 0.6 max |B|), and in (b) k = 5 and the levels .65 max
Li, Yi
Affine and degenerate affine BMW algebras: Actions on tensor space
Affine and degenerate affine BMW algebras: Actions on tensor space Zajj Daugherty Department Actions of classical type tantalizers 8 2.1 The degenerate affine BMW algebra action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.2 The affine BMW algebra action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3
Ram, Arun
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Affirmative Action Program. Revised
The Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory`s Affirmative Action Program (AAP) serves as a working document that describes current policies, practices, and results in the area of affirmative action. It represents the Laboratory`s framework for an affirmative approach to increasing the representation of people of color and women in segments of our work force where they have been underrepresented and taking action to increase the employment of persons with disabilities and special disabled and Vietnam era veterans. The AAP describes the hierarchy of responsibility for Laboratory affirmative action, the mechanisms that exist for full Laboratory participation in the AAP, the policies and procedures governing recruitment at all levels, the Laboratory`s plan for monitoring, reporting, and evaluating affirmative action progress, and a description of special affirmative action programs and plans the Laboratory has used and will use in its efforts to increase the representation and retention of groups historically underrepresented in our work force.
A comparison of the RCRA Corrective Action and CERCLA Remedial Action Processes
This document provides a comprehensive side-by-side comparison of the RCRA corrective action and the CERCLA remedial action processes. On the even-numbered pages a discussion of the RCRA corrective action process is presented and on the odd-numbered pages a comparative discussion of the CERCLA remedial action process can be found. Because the two programs have a difference structure, there is not always a direct correlation between the two throughout the document. This document serves as an informative reference for Departmental and contractor personnel responsible for oversight or implementation of RCRA corrective action and CERCLA remedial action activities at DOE environmental restoration sites.
Categorical Exclusion Determination Form Proposed Action Title...
CountyState): TVN Systems, Inc. (Lawrence, KS); Vanderbilt University (Nashville, TN); University of Kansas (Lawrence, KS) Proposed Action Description: Funding will support...
LocationCs) CCityCountyState): Bosch RTC (Palo Alto, CA); Cobasys, LLC (Orion, MI); University of California - San Diego (San Diego, CA) Proposed Action Description: Funding...
Projects Agency - Energy LocationCs) CCityCountyState): Niskayuna, NY; Ann Arbor, MI; Dearborn, MI Proposed Action Description: Funding will support efforts to develop a a...
Research Projects Agency - Energy LocationCs) CCityCountyState): Dearborn, MI; Albuquerque, NM; College Station, TX Proposed Action Description: Funding will support...
Nuclear facility decommissioning and site remedial actions
The 394 abstracted references on environmental restoration, nuclear facility decommissioning, uranium mill tailings management, and site remedial actions constitute the eleventh in a series of reports prepared annually for the US Department of Energy's Remedial Action Programs. Citations to foreign and domestic literature of all types -- technical reports, progress reports, journal articles, symposia proceedings, theses, books, patents, legislation, and research project descriptions -- have been included. The bibliography contains scientific, technical, economic, regulatory, and legal information pertinent to the US Department of Energy's Remedial Action Programs. Major sections are (1) Surplus Facilities Management Program, (2) Nuclear Facilities Decommissioning, (3) Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Programs, (4) Facilities Contaminated with Naturally Occurring Radionuclides, (5) Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action Program, (6) Grand Junction Remedial Action Program, (7) Uranium Mill Tailings Management, (8) Technical Measurements Center, (9) Remedial Action Program, and (10) Environmental Restoration Program. Within these categories, references are arranged alphabetically by first author. Those references having no individual author are listed by corporate affiliation or by publication title. Indexes are provided for author, corporate affiliation, title word, publication description, geographic location, subject category, and keywords. This report is a product of the Remedial Action Program Information Center (RAPIC), which selects and analyzes information on remedial actions and relevant radioactive waste management technologies.
Knox, N.P.; Webb, J.R.; Ferguson, S.D.; Goins, L.F.; Owen, P.T.
U.S. Department of Energy NEPA Categorical Exclusion Determination...
Act: Proposed Action or Project Description: 1) Energy efficiency retrofits: HVAC equipment replacement, weatherization, glass and door replacement, interior and...
Act: Proposed Action or Project Description: 1) Energy efficiency retrofits: HVAC replacement and residential energy improvements (roofing, insulation, windows, doors,...
The purpose of this Corrective Action Plan (CAP) is to provide the detailed scope of work required to implement the recommended corrective actions as specified in the approved CAU 300 CADD.
Environmental Activism as Collective Action Key words: Environmental activism, environmental behavior, collective action,
Environmental Activism as Collective Action Key words: Environmental activism, environmental behavior, collective action, environmentalism, collective interest model. Mark Lubell Department The literature on environmental activism has failed to produce a model of individual decision- making explicitly
Lubell, Mark
Robotic actions in the human brain Robotic movement preferentially engages the action observation network
Robotic actions in the human brain 1 Robotic movement., Stadler, W. & Prinz, W. (in press / 2011). Robotic movement preferentially engages the action observation network. Human Brain Mapping. #12;Robotic
Hamilton, Antonia
CLIMATE ACTION PLAN NOVEMBER 10, 2009 SANDY DEJOHN PHYSICAL FACILITIES DEPARTMENT #12;~ i ~ TABLE the American College and University Presidents Climate Commitment, I believe strongly in working to achieve its helped shape and develop the information contained in this Climate Action Plan: (Names listed
Suzuki, Masatsugu
Practical evaluation of action-angle variables
A practical method is described for establishing action-angle variables for a Hamiltonian system. That is, a given nearly integrable Hamiltonian is divided into an exactly integrable system plus a perturbation in action-angle form. The transformation of variables, which is carried out using a few short trajectory integrations, permits a rapid determination of trajectory properties throughout a phase space volume.
Boozer, A.H.
Action Requested: THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
Subject: Action Requested: THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN REGENTS COMMUNICATION ACTION REQUEST schools and Michigan middle or junior high schools and matriculation at the University within 28 months President for Academic Affairs July 2013 Attachment #12;UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN GUIDELINES FOR QUALIFYING
Kamat, Vineet R.
Nordic H2 Energy Foresight Action Report
Nordic H2 Energy Foresight Action Report Annele Eerola Nordic Hydrogen Energy Foresight www.h2.): The Action Report is one of the intermediate outputs of the Nordic H2 Energy Foresight project. It pools. The report discusses these generic and specific challenges concerning the entire hydrogen energy value chain
Patent Issued Additional Office Actions Received
Patent Issued Additional Office Actions Received 3-12 mo. Respond to Office Action Patent attorney The patent examiner provides notification of which claims in the application have been rejected or accepted determines there are multiple inventions in 1 application. Patent Application Published 6 mo. Non
Cui, Yan
University of Kentucky Affirmative Action Plan
University of Kentucky Affirmative Action Plan Office of Institutional Equity and Equal Opportunity University of Kentucky Room 13 Main Building Administration Drive Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0032 (859) 257 as a revision of the University of Kentucky Affirmative Action Plan first issued in 1968. It supercedes all
Hayes, Jane E.
World Volume Action for Fractional Branes
We study the world volume action of fractional Dp-branes of type IIA string theory compactified on the orbifold T^4/Z_2. The geometric relation between these branes and wrapped branes is investigated using conformal techniques. In particular we examine in detail various scattering amplitudes and find that the leading low-energy interactions are consistent with the boundary action derived geometrically.
Merlatti, P
P. Merlatti; G. Sabella
Oil and gas: Oilfield class actions
The use of class actions is getting alot of attention in the oilfield. Plaintiffs have filed class actions challenging two of the most rooted industry practices, oil posted prices and deregulated natural gas affiliate deduction and charges. The classes will include tens or hundreds of thousands of plaintiffs and may transform two of the industry`s most settled practices. The emotions surrounding the class action risk obscuring the fact that it is an old and oft-used tool in oilfield litigation. The class action {open_quotes}provides a means by which, where a large group of persons are interested in a matter, one or more may sue or be sued as representatives of the class without needing to join every member of the class.{close_quotes} The procedure avoids waste by combining scattered disputes, even if some injured might sue individually, and it enables plaintiffs who could not afford to sue to be represented anyway. The lawyers draw their fees from any recovery. Almost all oilpatch class actions are brought to resolve a {open_quotes}common question{close_quotes} under Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 23(b)(3) or state counterparts. The rule`s {open_quotes}opt-out{close_quotes} provisions give class actions a tremendous boost because members stay in unless they take steps to get out. This article discusses present and future class actions.
McArthur, J.B.
Bishop's University Energy Efficiency Action Plan
. Continuous basis Action 9: Sustainable Development standards for existing buildings. Go green certification from BOMA for existing buildings Bishop's University Sustainable Development policy (ELU Committee January 2008 Government of Quebec, energy strategy, May 2006 Sustainable Development law, 2006 Letter
Climate Action Plan (Nova Scotia, Canada)
Nova Scotia's Climate Change Action Plan has two main goals: reducing the province's contribution to climate change by reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and preparing for changes to the...
Climate Action Plan (New Brunswick, Canada)
New Brunswick-led initiatives will result in greenhouse gas emission reductions of 5.5 megatonnes (millions of tonnes, Mt) annually in 2012. The plan includes actions in the following areas:...
at 670 mju in the action spectrum of the "second Emerson effect"' (22, 33), in the green alga Chlorella the fraction of total absorbed light absorbed by the accessory pigments (be it chlorophyll b in Chlorella
October 2011 Solar in Action Philadelphia was designated by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) on March 28, 2008, as Solar America City. At that time, the city presented a...
Categorical Exclusion (CX) Determination Proposed Action: Elliot...
Elliot 115kV43.8kV Transmission Substation Construction and Elliot 43.8kV Transmission Line. Description of Proposed Action: The Central Power Electric Cooperative (Central Power)...
Fraud-on-the-Market Actions Against Foreign Issuers
13 2. Private Right of Action . . . . .can give rise to a private right of action by those damagedby the statement. 2. Private Right of Action Rule 10b-5 does
Fox, Merritt B.
Universality and ambiguity in fermionic effective actions
We discuss an ambiguity in the one-loop effective action of massive fields which takes place in massive fermionic theories. The universality of logarithmic UV divergences in different space-time dimensions leads to the non-universality of the finite part of effective action, which can be called the non-local multiplicative anomaly. The general criteria of existence of this phenomena are formulated and applied to fermionic operators with different external fields.
Guilherme de Berredo-Peixoto; Dante D. Pereira; Ilya L. Shapiro
The 576 abstracted references on nuclear facility decommissioning, uranium mill tailings management, and site remedial actions constitute the tenth in a series of reports prepared annually for the US Department of Energy's Remedial Action Programs. Citations to foreign and domestic literature of all types--technical reports, progress reports, journal articles, symposia proceedings, theses, books, patents, legislation, and research project descriptions--have been included. The bibliography contains scientific, technical, economic, regulatory, and legal information pertinent to the US Department of Energy's Remedial Action Programs. Major sections are (1) Surplus Facilities Management Program, (2) Nuclear Facilities Decommissioning, (3) Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program, (4) Facilities Contaminated with Naturally Occurring Radionuclides, (5) Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action Program, (6) Uranium Mill Tailings Management, (7) Technical Measurements Center, and (8) General Remedial Action Program Studies. Within these categories, references are arranged alphabetically by first author. Those references having no individual author are listed by corporate affiliation or by publication description. Indexes are provided for author, corporate affiliation, title work, publication description, geographic location, subject category, and keywords.
Owen, P.T.; Knox, N.P.; Ferguson, S.D.; Fielden, J.M.; Schumann, P.L.
Berkeley, California: Solar in Action (Brochure), Solar America...
Berkeley, California: Solar in Action (Brochure), Solar America Cities, Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy (EERE) Berkeley, California: Solar in Action (Brochure), Solar America...
Tucson, Arizona: Solar in Action (Brochure), Solar America Cities...
Tucson, Arizona: Solar in Action (Brochure), Solar America Cities, Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy (EERE) Tucson, Arizona: Solar in Action (Brochure), Solar America Cities,...
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