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A subscriber login server is used for managing a subscriber login session. The login server is associated with a DHCP server for configuring a premise equipment device and operator-managed device. A subscriber login client at the premise equipment device securely communicates login username and password identifiers to the subscriber login server without using PPP technology. The login server retrieves matching identifiers from a RADIUS server and authorizes service with messages to the DHCP server and the CMTS.
The login client can emulate a PPP login client so that a user's interface is similar to a PPPoE client. However, a layer-3 CMTS can be used instead of a layer-2 CMTS. In addition, subscriber authentication and accounting using RADIUS are preserved, positive network access control at the CMTS is maintained, and native IP traffic is routed or switched for maximum performance and QoS treatment.
1. A method for performing a subscriber login session for equipment of a network user, comprising:
a cable modem and a client of the network user each communicating with a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server to obtain separate network communication addresses;
the client using its network address to send a network access request message to a login server over a secure connection; sending from the login server to a Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS) server the network access request message;
receiving a network authorization status corresponding to the network user from the RADIUS server based on the network access request message;
the login server obtaining from the DHCP server a network communication address of a Cable Modem Termination System (CMTS);
sending from the login server to the CMTS an authorization status for the network user; the CMTS providing network access to the network user based on the authorization status to start a session, and
obtaining service flow counters corresponding to the equipment of the user in response to sending a message from the login server to the CMTS.
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This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. 119(e) to the filing date of Cloonan, et. al., U.S. provisional patent application No. 60/499,154 entitled "Subscriber Login Capabilities for DOCSIS Cable Data Systems," which was filed Aug. 29, 2003, and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
The present invention relates generally to broadband communication, and more particularly to a method and system for logging in to a network using a layer 3 CMTS.
Community antenna television ("CATV") networks have been used for more then four decades to deliver television programming to a large number of subscribers. Increasingly, CATV networks are used by providers to provide data services to subscribers. For example, operator managed devices, such as cable modems, used in a broadband cable modem termination system ("CMTS") are capable of transmitting and receiving Internet data using the Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification ("DOCSIS") protocol. DOCSIS provides a standard that allows network devices made by different vendors to communication with one another.
In addition to cable modem networks, where the modems are typically located at a customer's premises and a Cable Modem Termination System ("CMTS") is located at an provider's/operator's head end location, Digital subscriber Line ("DSL") technology is used by telephone companies to augment their 'dial-up' services to better compete with the cable companies broadband offerings. The telephone companies typically require that a user 'log-in' to the provider's network, either DSL or Dial-up, using Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet ("PPPoE") technology.
In the United States, this typically gives the data over cable providers a competitive differentiator, in that a cable modem broadband connection is typically 'always on' when the modem has been turned on and booted up. Thus, customers do not have to manually log on to the provider's network.
However, outside of North America, many cable operators are part of a larger enterprise that provides Internet access via cable, DSL, and dial-up. Thus, operators typically manage the cable data service in the same way as the DSL and dial-up services. As such, access to the cable service is controlled via a PPPoE login client that is installed on each Customer Premise Equipment ("CPE"), such as a personal computer, for example. This is similar to the operator's DSL service configuration and thus is familiar to them.
In such an architectural arrangement 2, as shown in
Turning now to
The advantage to this architecture is that the PPP and RADIUS components are in common with the DSL and dial-up architecture. Thus, efficiency of the operator's subscriber accounting and billing are more efficient. Also, some countries have laws that require operators to provide subscriber-access-records to law enforcement authorities; RADIUS accounting records may be used for this as well.
The primary disadvantage to this architecture is that PPPoE encapsulates the IP packets between the client and the SMS in an Ethernet frame that must be forwarded via a Layer-2 switching CMTS 12. This effectively limits the operator to using older generation Layer-2 switching CMTSs 12 instead of using next-generation Layer-3 routing IP CMTSs that are the current state of the art in terms of wire-speed Quality of Service ("QoS"), high capacity and high availability. Furthermore, there is a significant performance penalty for the encapsulation of IP in PPPoE as SMS 6 must be capable of high performance encapsulation and routing of the IP traffic in the PPPoE tunnels for each client. An additional issue is that PPPoE encapsulated IP headers cannot be inspected by the DOCSIS 1.1 service flow classifiers and hence any benefits of per application QoS (especially VoIP) are not available to PPPoE clients.
As an alternative, if a Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol ("L2TP") client is used for each subscriber (instead of a PPPoE client) to permit the use of PPP over a routing CMTS in the path, then the SMS performance is even further degraded. Another variation on this theme is for the routing CMTS 12 to perform a PPPoE-to-L2TP gateway function to allow the aggregation of the client PPP sessions into a single L2TP session to the SMS to reduce the performance impact on the SMS. However, this also imposes a significant performance penalty on the CMTS as the cost of the PPPoE encapsulation just moves from one device in the network to another.
Another disadvantage is that the DOCSIS architecture uses the DHCP protocol to configure the cable modems and it is available to be used to configure the CPE as well. A DHCP server 14 that is typically integrated into a more functional subscriber management package provided by third party vendors can handle the management of both of these devices. But when PPPoE is used in a DOCSIS cable data system, cable modems 16 are configured via DHCP in one device and the CPEs 4 are configured via PPPoE in yet another device. This creates unnecessary management costs and complexity for the cable operator.
Thus, there is a need in the art for a method and system that eliminates the need for PPPoE login in a cable modem data system. There is also a need in the art for a method and system that use layer-3 routing, rather than layer-2 switching.
An aspect unifies CPE and CM configuration via dynamic host configuration protocol ("DHCP"). Thus, subscriber authentication and accounting using RADIUS are preserved, positive network access control at the CMTS is maintained, and native IP traffic is routed or switched for maximum performance and QoS treatment. By taking the SMS device out of the IP traffic path, the need for PPPoE encapsulation and Layer-2 CMTSs is eliminated, a major bottleneck is removed and equipment costs are reduced. This aspect facilitates the same subscriber login and accounting semantics that are provided by the less efficient PPPoE architecture, but with better performance and fewer equipment costs. In addition, this solution will work for both routing and switching CMTSs and will make the transition to next generation routing CMTSs easier by not requiring a change to the CPE client configuration.
As a preliminary matter, it will be readily understood by those persons skilled in the art that the present invention is susceptible of broad utility and application. Many methods, embodiments and adaptations of the present invention other than those herein described, as well as many variations, modifications, and equivalent arrangements, will be apparent from or reasonably suggested by the present invention and the following description thereof, without departing from the substance or scope of the present invention.
Accordingly, while the present invention has been described herein in detail in relation to preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that this disclosure is only illustrative and exemplary of the present invention and is made merely for the purposes of providing a full and enabling disclosure of the invention. This disclosure is not intended nor is to be construed to limit the present invention or otherwise to exclude other embodiments, adaptations, variations, modifications and equivalent arrangements, the present invention being limited only by the claims appended hereto and the equivalents thereof.
Turning now to the figures,
To the subscriber, the interface of login client 4 appears like a PPPoE client. However, instead of contacting SMS 6 as shown in
System 18 includes DHCP server 14, as shown in
Layer 3 DOCSIS CMTS 24 use the standard DOCSIS Subscriber Management filters 26 to positively control network access by CPE 4 as directed by login server 22 via SNMP. Also, session traffic statistics are available to login server 22 via DOCSIS SNMP MIBs.
When the DHCP server 14 is complemented with client login server 22, the steps differ from those discussed above in reference to
Then, the login server 22 sends this information to the RADIUS server 10 and either receives back an authentication-allowed or authentication-disallowed at step F. If the former, login server 22 sends a session record to the radius server 10. If the latter, the login server 22 sends an access declined message to the client 4. If access is allowed, the login server sends a query message at step G to the DHCP server 14 containing the IP address of the client 4. The DHCP server responds with a message containing the IP address of the CMTS 12 and the MAC address of modem 16 at step G. At step H, the login server 22 communicates messages with CMTS 12 via SNMP regarding session statistics, such as, for example, octet and packet counters for modem 16 service flows. A subscriber-specific session record is generated containing RADIUS session-id, start time, beginning octet and packet counters, as well as modem 16 MAC address, CPE 4 IP address, and CMTS 12 IP address, for example. Login server then sends an SNMP set message to CMTS 12 changing the DOCSIS Subscriber Management filter group associated with modem 16 from unauthorized to authorized. The login server 22 sends login confirmation to the client 4, which displays a 'login successful' message and starts a timer for determining when to send the next periodic 'hello' message to the login server 22 stating to the login server that the client 4 is still present and the session is still active.
Since the SMS server 6 and PPPoE tunnels are removed from the payload data path, CMTS 12 can be either a preferred layer-3 IP routing device or a layer-2 switching device that facilitates information flow between CPEs 4-4 n, modems and 16-16 n and login server 22. This eliminates the bottleneck that forms at SMS 6 in
In addition, login server 22 communicates with the RADIUS server 10 separately from the traffic flows of payload data associated with user-devices 4 and 16. Thus, RADIUS server 10 can still provide subscriber authentication and accounting. The login server 22 also communicates with the CMTS 12 via SNMP to control CPE access to network 28 and to obtain session traffic statistics. The login client 4 can periodically send a "hello" message to login server 22 to demonstrate that the client is still active. If the client 4 does not 'check-in' when expected, the login server 22 may automatically terminate the subscriber's login session. Since HTTPS, or similar secure protocol, messaging can be used for this 'check-in', payload traffic flow with network 28 is not interrupted.
For purposes of illustration, a subscriber session scenario process 500 is illustrated in
At step 504, the subscriber starts the login client 4, which displays a prompt for receiving the subscriber's userid and password. The client 4 securely contacts the login server 22 at step 504 using Secure Socket Layer (SSL) technology (e.g. HTTPS) and sends the encrypted userid and password to the login server 22 at 506. The login server contacts the RADIUS server 10 at step 508 and sends an Access Request message corresponding to the subscriber. If an Access Accept response is received from the RADIUS server 10 at login server 22, the login server sends an Accounting Start record to the RADIUS server. Otherwise, if an Access Reject response is received, the login server 22 sends a login failed message to the client 4.
At step 510, the login server 22 sends a query containing the IP address associated with CPE 4 to DHCP server 14 and receives the management IP address for the CMTS 24 hosting the CPE and the MAC address associated with the cable modem 16 hosting the CPE.
At step 512, the login server 22 sends an SNMP 'get' message to CMTS 24 to obtain the current octet and packet counters for the service flows associated with the subscriber's CM 16. A subscriber session database entry 30 is created for this session containing the RADIUS session-id, start time, and beginning octet and packet counters as well as the CM MAC, CPE IP, and CMTS IP addresses.
At step 514, login server 22 sends an SNMP 'set' message to CMTS 24 that changes the DOCSIS standard Subscriber Management filter group for the CM 16 hosting the CPE 4 from the CPE unauthorized filter group to the CPE authorized filter group. Note that the CPE unauthorized filter group allows the CPE 4 to only communicate with login server 22 and DHCP server 14. However, it will be appreciated that if the client 4 is a browser, for example, the client would query a DNS server that would typically respond with the IP address for login server 22, and the browser would then access the login server. The CPE authorized filter group allows unrestricted network access. However, the extent of 'unrestrictedness' may be determined by the cable operator. The login server 22 sends a login confirmation response to the login client/CPE 4 at step 516.
Step 518 summarizes multiple process steps that occur during a session that are typical for an internet browsing session with the exception of the periodic hello message sent by client 4 to the login server making it aware that the client session is still active. The login client 4 displays a login-successful message and starts a timer for the next periodic message to the login server 22. A running session elapsed time display is also started. Traffic is passed by the CPE-authorized filter group 26 at the CMTS 24 and is counted in the service flow statistics for the CM 16. If the subscriber attempts any access other than to the login server 22 before the login sequence is completed, this traffic will be silently discarded by the CMTS 24.
The login client 4 periodically sends a hello message to the login server 22. If the client 4 does not check-in with a hello message on a regular basis, the server 22 automatically logs-out the subscriber. When the subscriber reactivates the login client 4 and logs out, the login client securely connects to the login server 22 and sends the logout message to the login server.
At step 520, login server 22 obtains a subscriber session record from a session database 30, which maintains a log of each active session. Then at step 522 login server 22 sends an SNMP set message to the CMTS 24 that changes the DOCSIS standard Subscriber Management filter group 26 corresponding to the CM 16 hosting the CPE 4 from the CPE-authorized filter group to the CPE-unauthorized filter group. Access is now restricted to login server 22 only (or DNS server as discussed above).
At step 524, login server 22 sends an SNMP get message to the CMTS 24 to obtain the service flow counters for the CM 16. Server 22 then computes the session elapsed time and the octets and packets-passed values and sends an Accounting End record to the RADIUS server 10 to be associated therein with the subscriber at step 526. The Accounting End record includes the session-id, elapsed time of the session, and the number of input (upstream) and output (downstream) octets and packets transmitted during the session.
At step 528, login server 22 sends a logout confirmed message to the client 4, including the final session elapsed time and the session octet and packet passed counts. The login client 4 displays the logout-successful message at step 530, the message including the session elapsed time and the session octet and packet passed counts. It is noted that the session counts are preferably presented with respect to the subscriber's frame of reference, which is the directional inverse (upstream vs. downstream) of the RADIUS 10 accounting record. In other words, input to Radius server 10 is initiated by a subscriber, thus it is upstream, output from the RADIUS server is received by the subscriber, and thus is considered downstream. The process ends at step 532.
These and many other objects and advantages will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art from the foregoing specification when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments herein illustrated are examples only, and that the scope of the invention is to be defined solely by the claims when accorded a full range of equivalents.
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I am wondering how I can load a byte array into a memory URLClassLoader? The byte array is the decrypted bytes of a jar file (as seen below)!
Most of the memory class loaders are using ClassLoader and not URLClassLoader! I need it to be using URLClassLoader.
byte[] fileB = Util.crypt.getFileBytes(inputFile);
byte[] dec;
dec = Util.crypt.decrypt(fileB, "16LENGTHLONGKEYX".getBytes());
//Load bytes into memory and load a class here?

subset: commoncrawl


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Originally written on NESN.com | Last updated 9/27/12
If you rush to your local bookstore to pick up a copy of Eric Gagne's new autobiography, Game Over: The Story of Eric Gagne, don't expect to see Adrian Beltre waiting in line. Gagne claims in his upcoming book that 80 percent of his Dodgers teammates were using performance-enhancing drugs, and it just so happens Beltre played alongside Gagne in Los Angeles from 1999-2004. Beltre says he's not part of the 80 percent, and the third baseman isn't a big fan of how Gagne presented his allegations. "He should have mentioned names," Beltre said, according to ESPN.com. "I know for...
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Search for a Philippine Company:
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Sounders without midfield engine Osvaldo Alonso today
May 4, 2013, 3:24 PM EDT
I love the way Major League Soccer digital guru Jason Saghini put it on Twitter. Allow me to expand a bit while retaining the spirit:
"Congratulations to Seattle Sounders midfielder Osvaldo Alonso on the birth today of his daughter, his second child! Oh, and also congratulations to the Philadelphia Union for getting to face the Seattle Sounders without Osvaldo Alonso!"
The Union hosts Seattle in just over half an hour at PPL Park outside Philadelphia. The Sounders are coming off an idle weekend and should be well-rested.
What they won't be is complete, because no one is more important than Alonso to Sigi Schmid's team. The Cuban-turned-American hasn't always been at his Ozzie-best in 2013, but don't read too much into that. He's still among the best two or three holding midfielders in the league, and probably the best tackler overall.
Sounders 2011 draft pick Servando Carrasco will replace Alonso in the Sounders lineup today.
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Gunmetal Black Ep 01
episode 14.25 / 5.00 4,225 Views
Lucina's First Day
A look at the first day of Lucina in Super Smash4.23 / 5.00 13,371 Views
BATMAN v SUPERMAN final showdown
SPOILERS!!4.17 / 5.00 12,311 Views
That was pretty amazing. Also @phillip1354 that is supposed to be Lewis from Yogscast I believe. Just like the dwarf is Simon from the same. They are avid players of Minecraft.
Great parody keep up the good work guys!
this is so like the minecraft stroy its evrything of it
AWESOME! I say great job to those who collaborated in this fine flash and it would make a good Matrix film aswell, as a Matrix fan, but hey its my opinion :P
That was pretty awesome! The voice acting and music was great! Plus, of course, really clever Minecraft/Matrix crossover/spoof. Pretty entertaining.
best matrix parody on this site
also i noticed that one of the miners looked like William Riker
does the after music on have to be on repeat the background buzz hurts my ears


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text: We stayed for three nights at Hovborg Kro on our way from Sweden to Belgium. The purpose was to visit Legoland during two full days and this hotel is located only 20 minutes by car away from Billund. The hotel has very friendly staff and is in charming old-fashion style. The room was rather tiny, but certainly big enough for... More


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FAW Meetings
In Memoriam
It is with sad hearts that we received the news of the passing of longtime FAW member Angie Higginson. 2015 brought a benchmark year as Angie celebrated her 50th year as a member of FAW. She had been President twice, Adult Awards Chairman, the Foundation Fund Chair, and was currently serving as Sustaining Clubs Chairman. Through the years she was on many of the committees including the awards committee many times. She was a great resource and influenced the direction of FAW she was a stickler for the club bylaws and remembered past traditions. Her death marks the end of an era and is a great loss. We will miss her sense of tradition, her stories, and her sense of fun.
FAW 2014 - 2015 Award Winners
Literature Awards
Celeste Ng for Everything I Never Told You, (Penguin Press, 2014)
Tie 2nd
Rebecca Rotert for Last Night at the Blue Angel, (William Morrow, 2014)
Stuart Rojstaczer for The Mathematician's Shiva, (Penguin Books, 2014)
Young Peoples Literature Awards
Eleanor Glewwe for Sparkers, (Viking Books for Young Readers, 2014)
Adriana Brad Schanen for Quinny & Hopper, (Disney-Hyperion, 2014)
May 8th Program -FAW Literary Awards Luncheon.
Join us for the FAW Award Luncheon on May 8th, 12:00 noon at the Fortnightly Club of Chicago
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** Note - the parking lot at 100 E. Bellview Place is under construction and not available for parking
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The seating arrangements are on a first-come first-served basis. Tables are usually round, seating eight people. You may request name place settings if you are bringing a large number of guests. If you wish to sit with your friends and/or guests, please arrive early and choose your seats. Remember that there are lots of nice members at the meetings, and you should try and meet someone new each time.
If you would like to hear one of our excellent programs and enjoy an afternoon with fellow literary devotees, fill out a membership application and join FAW! Membership is an excellent price at only $45.00 . Download the membership application and send it in today.
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About the FAW Awards
Friends of American Writers has been awarding prizes to new and promising authors from the Midwest since 1928. Winners have included: Carl Sandburg, William Maxwell, John Gardner, Toni Morrison, John Casey, Jane Smiley, Mona Simpson, Deborah Eisenberg, Larry Watson, Richard Yates, Sara Gruen, Gillian Flynn and Chad Harbach. The juvenile awards were initiated in 1960, and have grown exponentially in popularity.
FAW Literature Awards Committees are reviewing books for the 2014 - 2015 Literary Awards. Books are eligible for review based on the following criteria.
- The author must be a resident (or previously have been a resident for approximately five years) of Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, Ohio, South Dakota or Wisconsin; or the locale of the book must be in a region identified above.
- The books can be fiction or non-fiction of literary quality (not poetry).
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- The book must be published in the calendar year prior to the awards year. Currently we are evaluating books published during the 2014 year.
- The author must not have published more than three books under his/her own pen name, the third book being eligible for consideration. If an author has more than one book published during that year, we will consider all of them.
- Books nominated for the award must be submitted to the FAW Awards Committees by December 10, 2014.
2014 - 2015 Literary Awards
See our Literary Awards page for additional information and listing of past award winners.
Are you looking for reading resources? Visit the The Dust Jacket for additional reading resources and bios of our literary winners.
FAW membership dues are currently forty-five
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FAW Officers
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|Tammie Bob & April Nauman
|Juvenile Literary Awards Chair
|Tanya Klasser
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|Carol Eshaghy
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|Roberta Gates
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Board meetings are held at the Fortnightly at 10:30 a.m. the mornings of the luncheons.
Sustaining Clubs
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FAW History
Our mission shall be to study American literature, to encourage high standards and to promote literary ideals among American writers.
Friends of American Writers (FAW) was established in 1922 to study American literature, to encourage high standards, and to promote literary ideals among American writers. Members are invited to attend the luncheons, serve on committees that help run the organization or participate in the selection of the award-winning authors.
Over the years, after an annual lengthy screening process, FAW has honored Midwestern authors or those whose novels or non-fiction are set in the Midwest, by recognition and monetary awards. Those honored are invited to address the FAW membership at the Awards Luncheon.
Among the many emerging adult authors recognized over the years are Sara Paretsky, Jane Smiley, Toni Morrison, Harry Mark Petrakis and Carl Sandburg. Kevin Fenton and Chad Harbach won awards for the 2011 year.
In 1960, FAW introduced awards for Juvenile Literary authors. Clifford Hicks won the first award for "First Boy on the Moon". Recent winners include Brynne Barnes delightful picture book and Delia Ray's book for young readers.
Additionally, through the FAW Foundation Fund, students at local universities, recommended by their writing professors, are given recognition and cash awards to offset tuition.
Dorothy Gwynn has published a short booklet, "Friends of American Writers: Encouraging Writing and Thoughtful Reading", which describes in more detail the formation and proceedings of FAW.


text:
RealD Reverses Loss and Stock Soars
The company says its slate of 3D films were "muted," but it turned a profit by reining in expenses.
RealD reversed a loss in its fiscal third quarter, earning $2.8 million as opposed to losing $38.9 million a year ago. Revenue fell 15 percent to $49 million, the company said Wednesday.
Michael Lewis, RealD's CEO and chairman, acknowledged that the 3D film slate during the quarter was "relatively muted," but said "prudent management of operating expenses" enabled the company to turn a profit.
Some of the films released in RealD 3D during the quarter were Immortals, Happy Feet 2, The Three Musketeers, Hugo and The Adventures of Tintin.
RealD stock has been decimated lately as investors worry about the long-term audience appeal of 3D movies and whether studios will remain willing to subsidize the glasses at U.S. theaters.
Earlier Wednesday, though, GARP Research initiated coverage of RealD with a "buy" recommendation, and the stock rose 11 percent to $9.74 during the regular trading session. It was a nice bump from recent lows, but still 72 percent off a 52-week high. The stock soared an additional 13 percent in after-hours trading.
RealD's next big event is the 3D release of Star Wars: Episode I -- The Phantom Menace on Feb. 10, the same day Journey 2: The Mysterious Island opens in RealD's 3D.
Never miss a story. Stay up-to-date with THR's Daily Headlines.
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Bob Odenkirk, David Oyelowo and Drama Actor A-List on Oscar Snubs, Bad Scripts and Getting Ignored by Robert Redford


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David Meece Concert
Sunday, February 16, 2014
6:00 pm - 8:00 pm
478 West Olentangy Street
Powell, OH 43065
David Meece, known for "We are the Reason" and "Seventy Times Seven" will perform at Beautiful Savior Lutheran Church in Powell, Ohio on February 16th at 6pm. There will be a love offering. For more information call 740-417-3713.
« Back to Calendar
- July 3rdWifflefest XVI
- July 4thWifflefest XVI
- July 5thWifflefest XVI
July 3rd


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Unity Mitford's war.
Government Ministers intervened to stop MI5 searching and interrogating Unity Mitford, the Thirties society beauty who fell in love with Adolf Hitler, according to secret files to be released by the Public Record Office tomorrow.
India Knight on the the casual cruelty of these grotesque and very English eccentrics
The duchess, the fascist, the communist, the Nazi, the novelist and, er, the other one... Mary S Lovell drives The Mitford Girls along at a cracking read
About 41 results for The Mitford sisters
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text: July 26, 2002 The minor slashdotting I'm receiving has demonstrated some flaws in my backlink system. I'm modifying it now so you may notice some weirdness. Once I get it ironed out, I'll post an update for the GoddessBlog version. Tweet | Google+ | Facebook Comments arg, I decided to look up your blog after not reading it for ages and made the mistake of going to http://www.web-goddess.com. » Roaul Parekh on July 26, 2002 Ouch. Sorry about that. Whenever I give the URL to people, I always say "Be sure you put in the hyphen and the .org. All the other web goddesses are porn." I'm glad you found your way here though! » Kris on July 26, 2002 hardly your fault. anyway, the reason I came here was to look up a post I remember you making a little while back about a kind of book tracking site that kept records of all the books you possessed/were reading. You were theorizing about whether to subscribe/write your own. I searched your archive for ISBN but no results came up, and i'm sure you mentioned that.. "book" gets far too many results. Any idea of the address? I was thinking of writing one, especially since you can nopw search amazon with amazon webservices (http://www.amazon.com/webservices) » Raoul Parekh on July 27, 2002 never mind, I found it through google's "Search Site" option. The reason the search fetaure on your site wasn't pulling up the result was that "isbn" was in a comment by you rather than the actual post. » Raoul Parekh on July 27, 2002 Yeah, that project got pushed to the back burner. I did think about it recently when Amazon announced their webservices. Let me know how you go; I might be interested in doing it too! » Kris on July 27, 2002 Leave a Comment Please note: As this post is over two weeks old, your comment will not appear until it has been moderated. Name: * E-mail: * Website: Save as cookie? What colour was George Washington's white horse? * (Spam prevention.)


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Investigating Pet Shops and Puppy Mills since 1992
Posted on June 28, 2013 by veronica
I recently read a funny article about celebrities and what their social media accounts say about them. This particular story focused on Oprah Winfrey's Pinterest and made fun of her rich lifestyle. I love Oprah, but I couldn't help but … Continue reading →


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Rise of a Merchant PrincePaperback The Serpentwar Saga
List price $14.02
Unavailable - AbeBooks may have this title.
Additional formats available
- Format
- Paperback $7.98
- Publisher: HarperVoyager
- Format: Paperback | 496 pages
- Dimensions: 110mm x 172mm x 32mm | 240g
- Publication date: 21 October 1996
- Publication City/Country: London
- Illustrations note: 1 map
- Sales rank: 11,702
Product description
The second book in Raymond Feist's super-selling quartet: The Serpentwar Saga. Triumphant but overconfident after his defeat of the reptilian Sauur army, Roo must resist a beguiling seductress who threatens to undo him and all of Midkemia. Roo Avery, recently returned from a harrowing brush with the armies of the Emerald Queen, is now free to choose his own destiny and his ultimate ambition is to become one of the richest and most powerful merchants in Midkemia. But nothing can prepare him for the dangers of the new life he has chosen, where the repayment of a debt can be as deadly as a knife in the shadows. Even those closest to him are suspect and as Roo struggles to build his financial empire, betrayal is always close at hand. But while Roo works towards achieving his goal, memories of the invasion haunt him still. For the war with the Emerald Queen is far from over and the inevitable confrontation will pose the biggest threat yet to his new found wealth and power.
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Author information
Feist is one of the world's leading fantasy writers. His Riftwar and Serpentwar Sagas have been global bestsellers for years. Born and raised in Southern California, Raymond E. Feist was educated at the University of California, San Diego, where he graduated with honours in Communication Arts. He is the author of the bestselling and critically acclaimed Riftwar Saga.
Review quote
Praise for Raymond E. Feist: 'File under guilty pleasure' Guardian 'Get in at the start of a master's new series' Daily Sport 'Well-written and distinctly above average... intelligent... intriguing.' Publishers Weekly ' Epic scope...vivid imagination...a significant contribution to the growth of the field of fantasy.' Washington Post
Editorial reviews
Part two of Feist's latest epic (following Shadow of a Dark Queen, 1994) set in Midkemia, the scene of his previous Riftwar saga, with certain characters making a reappearance. This time, against the backdrop of an impending invasion by Demon Lords, Erik von Darkmoor continues his adventures while his friend Roo develops a new career as a merchant prince. Meantime, the snake-humanoid Saaur have prepared an evil green stone, charged with the power of thousands of sacrificed souls, that is the key to opening the doorway to the world of the Demon Lords. Midkemia addicts will be accustomed to Feist's plodding, self-absorbed style and lack of true initiative, and should be content; newcomers needn't bother. (Kirkus Reviews)


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The Lengths Researchers Go To
The following is a report from Richard Malatzky a stalwhart researcher with the SABR biographical committee. There are about 5-10 people on the SABR biographical committee who tirelessly do research to locate late 1800's early 1900's ballplayers. They pore over all kinds of records for no pay to get these records right. We owe them a tremendous debt of gratitude.
With the eventual release of Pennsylvania Deaths Register last month I thought I might find Morelock (ed. for the last 12 years, we've just called him Morelock) but it didn't happen.
I had been searching for him for about 35 years. It turns out that Philadelphia which is where he was from had several Morlocks but no Morelocks, not a one.
The Sporting Life mostly called him Morelock but Morlock did appear a couple of times.
(In the census) There was a Henry or Harry Morlock born November 1869 in Philadelphia and he was a weaver. I figured that this must be him. But what about A Harry? I saw him called A H Morelock a couple of times in Sporting Life. His father was Adam and son was Harry A.
He played several years around Philadelphia and appeared with the Phillies in 1891 and 1892.
Harry was in the census in Philadelphia up to 1930 and appeared in the Suburban phone book in Upper Darby Pa after 1940.
I searched his daughter's name Lillian and surprisingly found her obituary age 106. Lillian G Rathburn. I searched her name and surprisingly found a legal document from Atlantic City NJ that gave her father's date of death April 21 1949 and place Atlantic City. All of his relatives were listed and combined with Lillian's obit I was able to find the addresses of some relatives.
I found that the only newspaper available for an obit in Atlantic City was the AC Press. On a visit to AC, I searched the microfilm and no obit.
Today, I received an e-mail from a great great grandson of Harry who confirmed that this was the ballplayer. He has a picture of him in uniform.
Richard Malatzky
Biographical Committee
3 Comments | Posted in Announcement, Baseball-Reference.com
1984-85 NBA Box Scores
As many of you know, about four months ago we announced that we had posted copies of every box score in NBA history. However, since these box scores were scans we could not create player game logs, compute player splits, etc. As we said in that post, it is our goal to one day have all of these games in a database-friendly format.
Well, I'm happy to announce that the work for the 1984-85 regular season has been completed. Please take some time to check out the box scores, player and team game logs, and player and team splits for the 1984-85 NBA season. Keep in mind that almost all of the scanned box scores are abbreviated (i.e., they only contain field goals, free throws, and points for the players), so there will be many missing values for each game.
5 Comments | Posted in Announcement, Basketball-Reference.com
Happy Belated Birthday to Basketball-Reference.com
Somehow I let this slip by without notice, but last Thursday Basketball-Reference.com celebrated its 8th birthday. I launched BBR as a standalone site on May 10, 2004, but of course it is now part of the Sports-Reference.com family. I still do almost all of the work on the site, so I take great pride in how much it has grown over the years. That growth, of course, would not be possible without our dedicated users, so in addition to the birthday wishes I would also like to extend a warm thank you to everyone who has played a part in making this site what it is today.
9 Comments | Posted in Announcement, Basketball-Reference.com
NY Times: The Numbers Are Adding Up for the Thunder
Here's a link to a piece I wrote for the print edition of Sunday's New York Times:
Comments Off on NY Times: The Numbers Are Adding Up for the Thunder | Posted in Announcement, Basketball-Reference.com, New York Times
Find Interleague Records and Head-to-Head Histories Using the Play Index
Did you know that you can use the B-R Play Index to search for information regarding interleague play? With games between leagues starting later this week, here are a handful of PI tricks:
* Search for great single-game or multigame player/team performances using the Game Finders. This lets you find trivia like the all-time winningest career pitchers in interleague play.
* Use the Streak Finders to look for long streaks in interleague games.
* Query franchise head-to-head records using the Head to Head Finder. This allows you to search for lists like the Mets' records vs. each opponent since 1997, which includes all of their interleague games.
* The Situational Finder can search teams' records in interleague games and find items like the teams who had the best interleague records in a single season.
Give them a try, and learn something new about interleague play.
Comments Off on Find Interleague Records and Head-to-Head Histories Using the Play Index | Posted in Announcement, Baseball-Reference.com, Features
2012 Japanese and Independent American Leagues Updated Daily – Baseball-Reference.com
2012 Japan Central League / Japan Pacific League / Atlantic League / Pecos League / All 2012 Leagues Covered
Starting today, we will be updating statistics for Nippon Pro Baseball and American independent leagues, like the Atlantic League, on a daily basis. Hope you enjoy this one of a kind feature on Baseball-Reference.com. Because you know you want to follow Lastings Milledge of the 2012 Yakult Swallows.
9 Comments | Posted in Announcement, Baseball-Reference.com
Player Twitter Accounts
As with baseball and basketball, we've now added player Twitter account links to player pages. Let us know if we're missing anybody.
Comments Off on Player Twitter Accounts | Posted in Announcement, Pro-Football-Reference.com
WAR Comparison Chart by Site- Baseball-Reference.com
WAR Comparison Chart - Baseball-Reference.com
Colin Wyers was kind enough to fill this out for WARP, so I've added WARP to the comparison chart and also split it off onto its own page for easy linking. If you want to know why numbers are different from one site to the next, this explains why.
Comments Off on WAR Comparison Chart by Site- Baseball-Reference.com | Posted in Announcement, Baseball-Reference.com
WAR 2.1, Fixed Runs to Wins for Pitchers and More
WAR 2.1, Baseball-Reference.com WAR Explained
As some noticed in our last update to WAR. Pitchers were being significantly bumped up in value. This was due primarily to a change in our runs to win calculation. After some consultation with noted, anonymous sabermetricians Tom Tango and Patriot, we worked out a more sophisticated approach that still accounts for the player's effect on the run environment, but doesn't overvalue the contribution of stellar pitchers. We've added a new page to run through the changes we've made when converting from runs to wins. Converting Runs to Wins.
There are a few other changes that have been made as well.
6 Comments | Posted in Announcement, Baseball-Reference.com
Greg Spira Baseball Research Award
From the award's website...
A group of distinguished baseball writers and researchers have collaborated to create a new award as a memorial to the late baseball researcher Greg Spira. The new Greg Spira Baseball Research Award (www.SpiraAward.org) will be given annually in recognition of the best published article or paper containing original baseball research by a person 30 years old or younger. The winning entry must display innovative analysis or reasoning.
Greg Spira founded the annual Internet Baseball Awards (IBA) in 1991 and announced the 2011 winners a month before his death. The IBA are now maintained by Baseball Prospectus at www.baseballprospectus.com/iba. Spira was an early adopter and a pioneer in using the Internet to advance baseball analysis, particularly via Usenet's groundbreaking rec.sport.baseball as well as via BaseballProspectus.com.
Spira later contributed to many sports books as a researcher, writer, and editor, including the ESPN Baseball Encyclopedia, the ESPN Pro Football Encyclopedia, Total Baseball, and several annual periodicals about the Mets. A lifelong and passionate Mets fan, Spira died on December 28, 2011 in his native New York City.
Working with the Spira family, the creators of the Greg Spira Award include Sean Forman of Baseball- Reference.com, Joe Hamrahi and Dave Pease of Baseball Prospectus, Sean Lahman of Baseball1.com, and Gary Gillette of 24-7 Baseball, L.L.C.
The winner of the Greg Spira Baseball Research Award will receive a cash prize of $1,000. The program will also recognize two additional writers with awards of $200 for second place and $100 for third place.
Articles or papers eligible for consideration include those published on the World Wide Web, in e-books, and in print, as well as academic dissertations and presentations at conferences. Winners of the Greg Spira Award will not be eligible for consideration for future awards.
The inaugural Greg Spira Baseball Research Award winner will be announced on April 27, 2013--the 46th anniversary of Greg's birthday. Future awards will be announced on April 27 of succeeding years.
A seven-person panel of judges will determine the winner. Greg's brother Jonathan Spira has agreed to serve as one of the initial judges for the Award. Deadlines and procedures for submissions will be announced on June 1, 2012.
Remembrances, tributes, and other information about Greg Spira can also be found on these Web sites:
- www.GregSpira.com
- www.BaseballProspectus.com
- www.Baseball-Reference.com
- www.Baseball1.com
- www.247Baseball.com
For more information, please go to www.SpiraAward.org or contact Gary Gillette (GilletteAT247Baseball.com).
Comments Off on Greg Spira Baseball Research Award | Posted in Announcement, Baseball-Reference.com, General


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text:
Chappell handbag
Abstract available in
Claims available in
Description (OCR text may contain errors)
y 8, 1952 E. G. CHAPPELL 7 Des. 167, 7
- HANDBAG Filed April 17. 1951 INVENTOR.
ELOISE e. CHAPPELL gwvimw ATTORNEY Patented July 8, 1952 UNITED Des. 167,197
STATES PATENT OFFICE HANDBAG Eloise G. Chappell, Dayton, Ohio Application April 17, 1951, Serial No. 14,867
Term of patent 7 years To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, Eloise G. Chappell, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented a new, original, and ornamental Design for a Handbag, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming a part thereof, and in which Fig. 1 is a front elevational View of a handbag embodying my new design, portions of the handle being broken away for convenience of illustration;
Fig. 2 is a side elevational view thereof;
Fig. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the handbag in an open position; and
Fig. 4 is an enlarged perspective view illustrating the glove holding element.
As illustrated, the design comprises a handbag characterized by the particular glove holding clip on the fastener flap in association with the umbrella holding ring comprising a part of one of the handle pivots.
I claim: The ornamental design for a handbag, substantially as shown and described.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date D. 95,170 Baumgard Apr. 16, 1935 161,872 Eastwood Apr. 13, 1875 2,090,937 Cohen Aug. 24, 1937 OTHER REFERENCES Notions and Novelty Review, June 1946, page 120, plastic utility box.
Vogue, Dec. 1, 1937, page 138, second Item.
Vogue, Aug. 1, 1950, page 133, Goldsmith Brothers Mfg. Co., Inc., advertisement.
Original Image


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PORT Paul Merrill Sgt Lake WhipUPDATED 3:26 PM EST Jan 01, 2013
News 8's Paul Merrill spoke with Sergeant Helaina Lake, who was injured in a suicide bomber's attack in Afghanistan in June.
More Video
CommentsThe views expressed are not those of this site, this station or its affiliated companies. By posting your comments you agree to accept our terms of use.blog comments powered by Disqus


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Jan. 1, 1986
Saint Louis
St. Louis City
Missouri, USA
Oct. 8, 2001
Creve Coeur
St. Louis County
Missouri, USA
Spike was my first cat. Being a recently discharged veteran I was a tough guy and preferred dogs. I grew up with dogs and had no interest in cats. I was extremely poor at the time and was going to college on the GI Bill and felt I couldn't afford a another mouth to feed.
A friend brought him over to my shotgun apartment in South St. Louis. The cat came from down the street. An old man took care of the neighborhood strays and said if I don't want it, just bring it back.
We became pals right off.
I lived in 8 different houses/apartments etc and Spike went with me. All through college Spike followed me around Missouri and Illinois.
Spike did stay with my Mom until I got on my feet at College. Not liking massive change in his domain, Dad was concerned about that thing in his household. Trying to lessen any concern Dad may have had, I told Pops not to worry, as the cat prefers catnip and won't drink his beer. And if the cat meows too loud just turn on the vacuum cleaner that will quite him down. Being a serious kind of guy he didn't like that answer at all.
After Spike went back with me, Mom got a cat of her own. Things continued to go downhill for Dad when Mom felt the new cat needed a playmate now they have two cats.
At College, I lived in a house and had several roommates. Those roommates had their own pets. Every pet in that rowdy house had a name that was associated with booze.
There was Jack, a golden retriever.
Ripple, a cat.
Schaffer, a cat named after the local cheapo beer.
Guinness, a cat.
Bass, a 4 inch large mouth bass in an aquarium, named after an Irish Beer.
and Spike, as in spiking a drink.
Spike was afraid of humans until he got to know them. This came in handy because cats weren't allowed at several of my apartments. If maintenance replaced a furnace filter, Spike would hide until the infiltrator went away.
My South St. Louis apartment was broken into and robbed but Spike was safe and sound, hiding behind the water bed.
If I didn't keep Spike's box clean he would use the toilet. My brother Matt roomed with me and never believed the peeing in the toilet story until he and his girlfriend Noelle heard a noise from the bathroom. Upon investigation, there sat Spike, on the can, getting the job done.
When I got my first engineering job after college, I rented a tiny house near Auburn Illinois. The place was near a corn field and there were mouse feces all over the place.
Cats aren't allowed? Well that's just too bad. I was used to having an illegal living in my other apartments. In just a few days my mouse problem was gone. I didn't even have to worry about dead mice laying around the house. He ate them nose to tail.
Spike ranks up there as one of the greatest cats of all time.
I sure do miss him.
Daffodil Hill Cemetery
Creve Coeur
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Missouri, USA
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A Youngstown company has pleaded guilty to illegally dumping fracking wastewater into a storm sewer 33 times between October 2012 and January 2013.
A former Youngstown wastewater-company executive has pleaded guilty to federal Clean Water Act violations in the dumping of thousands of gallons of fracking wastewater into that city's storm sewer system.
The former senior official of a Youngstown wastewater company charged with violating the federal Clean Water Act goes on trial April 8th.
An employee of a Youngstown company accused of dumping tens of thousands of gallons of fracking waste into a tributary of the Mahoning River has changed his plea to guilty to charges of violating the Clean Water Act.
A Youngstown injection well operator whose former officer faces federal charges of illegally dumping fracking wastewater into a storm sewer is asking a state panel to overturn an order revoking its permit.


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The Top 10 In Action Sports
01Brick By Brick: Camping Lego Style
02Booze and Bikes: 14 Tours That Let Combine Two of the Best Things in the World
03Who Needs Hollywood? These Incredible Videos Were All Filmed on the Simplest Cameras
04Sam Pilgrim vs. The World: The Champion Aiming To Reclaim His Crown In A New Era Of Biking
05Eccentric Adventures Episode 2: Britain's Most Brutal Illegal Event is All About Cheese
06A Journey Into Darkness: We Went Mountain Biking in the Abandoned Mines of Slovenia
07After the Apocalypse: Inside The World's Most Breathtaking Ghost Towns
08Debate: Let's Stop Hating On Parents Who Want To Raise Adventurous Kids
09Guns, Roses, And Eating Insects: Adventure Cycling in Vietnam
10From Intense Trails to Intensive Care: Dicing with Death In a Mountain Biking Paradise
Fabien Barel talks FLOW with Steve Jones
A Mountain Biking video by thebaker - 47,636 views
Steve Jones sits down with Fabien Barel and talks about all things flow. What is it? How do we manage it? And what can any rider do to achieve it? All will be revealed by the animated Frenchman!
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Search Results: 'Strategic Studies Institute'
North Korea's Strategic Intentions
Paperback: $14.98
Ships in 3-5 business days
North Korea poses a key challenge to the global community of states. Sometimes viewed as primarily a nuclear or proliferation challenge, Pyongyang actually presents the United States and other... More > countries with multiple problems. As the 2005 National Defense Strategy of the United States notes, these challenges include "traditional, irregular, and catastrophic." While each dimension of these threat capabilities are fairly clear and, with the exception of the third, readily documented, North Korea's intentions are a much more controversial subject upon which specialists reach widely disparate conclusions. In this monograph, Dr. Andrew Scobell examines the topic of Pyongyang's strategic intentions. He first identifies a broad spectrum of expert views and distills this wisdom into three "packages" of possible strategic intentions. He then sets out to test which package appears to reflect actual North Korean policy.< Less
Learning From The Stones: A GO Approach To Mastering China's Strategic Concept, SHI
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Most of the ideas that form of the foundation of American defense policy and military strategy today were once new and untested concepts at the far edge of strategic thought. It took thinkers of... More > vision and creativity to give them life and refine them to the point they could be adopted by the defense community and used for strategy and force development. This is a never ending process: new strategic concepts constantly emerge, some fade away, a few pass the tests of suitability, feasibility, and acceptability and make it into the mainstream. To help with this process of identifying those new and untested strategic concepts that merit further examination, the Strategic Studies Institute is publishing a special series called "Advancing Strategic Thought." This provides a venue--a safe haven--for creative, innovative, and experimental thinking about national security policy and military strategy.< Less
China-Russia Security Relations: Strategic Parallelism Without Partnership Or Passion?
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Chinese-Russian security relations directly concern many subjects of interest to the Strategic Studies Institute. These areas include regional conflicts, nonproliferation issues, and military force... More > balances. Given the importance of these two countries in international affairs, however, almost any foreign policy action of their governments affects some American national interest. For almost 2 decades, China and Russia have been strengthening their security ties. Nonetheless, as this monograph makes clear, the relationship between Beijing and Moscow remains in flux. In some cases, they share overlapping interests. In other instances, they compete for power and wealth, particularly for oil and gas resources. Many factors will affect Sino-Russian ties— including developments within China and Russia as well as external events. As part of this mix, American policies will also have some impact on the future foreign behavior of both countries.< Less
The U.S.-India Relationship: Strategic Partnership Or Complementary Interests?
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This monograph examines the U.S.-India security relationship and argues that significant differences in their worldviews precludes the development of a strong strategic relationship at present.... More > However, India's continued economic and military growth, as well as its ongoing commitment towards secularism and democracy, makes it a future ally towards establishing strategic stability in Asia and in assisting future nation-building efforts across the globe. In the short run, therefore, the relationship should be based on securing complementary interests: ensuring stability in the Indian Ocean; democracy across the world; and getting the Indian government to work proactively to prevent the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their associated systems.< Less
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The Impact Of Missile Threats On The Reliability Of U.S. Overseas Bases: A Framework For Analysis
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Russell R. Roberts, Jr.'s curator insight, October 27, 2014 12:56 AM
An extensive catalog of cool tech gadgets from smartphones/tablets and Home Entertainments Systems to large-screen TVs and computers/laptops. All products are rated by Techradar.com and come with suggested retail prices. A good place to shop for that special device for your home or office. Aloha, Russ.
Techstore's curator insight, October 27, 2014 9:56 AM
Cool gadgets: The best tech you can buy in 2014.
Senior, Personnes Agées & Silver Economie's curator insight, September 21, 2014 4:30 AM
Nicko Gibson's curator insight, August 12, 2014 7:11 PM
No more getting the USB cable the wrong way 50% of the time or worse - if you need a flashlight to get to the back of the computer, like I do.
As the desktop world gets more wireless, the USB 3.1 might become the last cable to keep around the desk. Connecting your smart desk to your smart monitor, or something like that.
It is a power cable that can do 'extra stuff'.
Teri Thomas's curator insight, April 28, 2014 8:38 AM
Love the idea. I will let you know how well it performs.
BRUMAGNES's curator insight, January 13, 2014 3:52 PM
Ok so this is a Gizmodo-ization = gadgetization of all things.
It's a lot...
Zahid Yakoob's curator insight, January 4, 2014 12:24 PM
2013 was yet another great year for Android and its app ecosystem, with developers really making best use of the power offered by the world's most popular mobile operating system, resulting in many apps that left us spellbound.
Note that the order in which apps appear in this list does not reflect their ranking in any manner; its simply started with the most recent ones covered in December, and proceeded backwards till January.
Investors Europe Stock Brokers's curator insight, September 1, 2014 2:02 AM
Welcome to Investors Europe Mauritius Stock Brokers
@investorseurope Online Trading Paradigm
@offshorebroker Nominee Trading Accounts
Download Offshore Trading DEMO: http://www.investorseurope.net/offshoretraderdemo.html
abbey's curator insight, December 14, 2013 8:08 PM
I like how there is new technology in this world. I think that it is good that we are discovering new things that can make life easier. But I also have some problems with it. I just think that people are to fixed into technology that they don't really have a life outside of it.
Richard Platt's curator insight, November 30, 2014 3:18 PM
Interesting technology developments, well worth the read
José Antônio Carlos - O Professor Pepe's curator insight, December 1, 2014 6:16 AM
Uma lista para se ter em mente.
digitalhabitat.asia's curator insight, May 12, 2014 2:51 AM
We've experienced change at a phenomenal pace over the last decade, with things we created tables of office space for now fitting in our pockets! What will the next decade bring?
Club de la Com Midi-Pyrénées's curator insight, May 14, 2014 5:08 PM
Les 6 innovations qui vont nous rendre inter connectés -tout en restant assis dans notre canapé- dès 2017 !
Antoine LEGRAND et Stéphane CORNILLON's curator insight, April 22, 2014 1:47 AM
Corplock's curator insight, May 4, 2014 4:09 AM
Corporate Locksmiths Melbourne operates from its centrally located offices in Abbotsford, chosen for its location in close proximity to the Melbourne CBD and major arterial roads to all Melbourne suburbs. Corporate Locksmiths has the ability to give rapid response mobile and emergency locksmith services and electronic security services to clients in all Melbourne CBD, Metropolitan areas, especially the Melbourne City
Stuart Goode's curator insight, February 14, 2014 3:59 AM
Will it last for ever because we should be using paper less? Still it looks good!
Michael Allenberg's curator insight, February 21, 2014 8:22 AM
Sometimes delivering a phenomenal User / Customer Experience requires thinking completely outside the box!
Investors Europe Stock Brokers's curator insight, September 1, 2014 1:54 AM
Welcome to Investors Europe Mauritius Stock Brokers
@investorseurope Online Trading Paradigm
@offshorebroker Nominee Trading Accounts
Download Offshore Trading DEMO: http://www.investorseurope.net/offshoretraderdemo.html
Jim Bockrath's curator insight, January 10, 2014 1:27 PM
Great technology that is born here in Loveland OH!
dhubdotnet's curator insight, January 16, 2014 4:00 PM
Going through the list there are some very clever gadgets. The Bionic Eye is one to be talked about. It has a very clever concept and will help millions of people once it is proven to be a success worldwide.


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VIEWS: 321 PAGES: 41 CATEGORY: Other POSTED ON: 4/15/2008 Public Domain
Hemostasis Subendothelial matrix Hemostatic plug Fibrin Endothelial cell RBC WBC Platelets COMPONENTS OF HEMOSTASIS •Vasculature •Coagulation proteins •Platelets Stimulation of Platelets Thrombin ADP GpIIb/IIIa GpIIb/IIIa GpIIb/IIIa PAR-1 (Thrombin receptor) PAR-4 Aggregation Aggregation Adrenaline Platelet Adhesion vWF Endothelium Exposed Collagen HEPARIN • Polyanion: (-) charge • From cow lung/pig intestine • Mixture of 3K to 30K MWt • Binds ATIII/inhibits thrombin • Inhibits Xa, esp LMWH • Reversible with protamine • Causes HIT Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) Definition: HIT is a serious immunemediated syndrome where heparin administration is associated with: –Thrombocytopenia –The generation of heparin-dependent antibodies (typically IgG) –A high risk for thrombosis causing significant morbidity and mortality Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia Clinical Presentation: Following heparin: –Thrombocytopenia observed 5 – 14 days later; or may occur sooner with previous heparin exposure • Platelet count <100,000/µL or • Platelet count 50% of baseline (preheparin value) 30%–50% of patients with HIT will have a thrombotic complication within 30 days Warkentin TE Am J Med. 1996;101:502–507 HIT: Pathophysiology • Presence of IgG antibodies that recognize PF4/heparin complexes on platelet surfaces and vascular walls • Binding of IgG to PF4/heparin complexes on platelets • Antibody activates platelets via the Fc receptor • Activated platelets release microparticles with prothrombotic activity Pathophysiology of HIT and Thrombosis Laboratory Testing for HIT Test SRA Advantages Disadvantages Sensitivity >85% Technically demanding, radioisotopes; Low predictive value HIPA Rapid, available Variable sensitivity (30% – 80%); Technique-dependent ELISA High sensitivity High cost, low specificity, 10% false-negative tests There is no Gold Standard in diagnostic testing; HIT requires a clinical diagnosis Frequency of Clinical Sequelae in HIT Sequelae Incidence Thrombosis 30%–50% Amputation 20% (arterial thrombosis) Death 30% Sites of Thrombotic Complications in HIT: Warkentin TE Am J Med 1996;101:502–507 • 30%–50% of untreated patients with thrombocytopenia progress to thrombosis 4:1 Incidence Ratio Venous to Arterial Venous Deep Vein Thrombosis Pulmonary Embolism Cerebral Dural Sinus Thrombosis Adrenal Hemorrhagic Infarction Arterial Aortic/Ileofemoral Thrombosis Acute Thrombotic Stroke Myocardial Infarction Intraventricular Thrombosis Thrombosis in upper limb, mesenteric, renal and spinal arteries HIT Has Occurred with All Types of Heparin Risk Factor Route/Dose Highest Risk IV use High dose UFH Bovine heparin Moderate Risk SC use Low dose LMWH Porcine heparin Type Source Patient type Surgical CABG Orthopedic Medical Clinical Diagnosis of HIT Platelet count drop occurs during or after heparin therapy Platelet count drops to <50% of baseline or Platelet count <100,000/L No other cause of thrombocytopenia identified Clinical diagnosis of HIT Discontinue all types of heparin Assess the risk of thrombosis If indicated, initiate alternative anticoagulant therapy THROMBOCYTOPENIA AND HIT: KEY POINTS • 50% decrease in platelets is significant • Appears day 5-8 of treatment, but earlier suggestes pre-existing heparin antibodies (three months). • Consider other causes: sepsis, DIC, autoimmune, and other medications. • MOA: PF4/heparin epitope IV ANTITHROMBINS • Antithrombin • Hirudin: r-lepirudin, Refludan™ • Bivalirudin (Angiomax) • Argatroban • Other agents Levy JH: Novel intravenous antithrombins. Am Heart J 2001;141:1043 RECOMBINANT HIRUDIN (LEPIRUDIN, REFLUDAN) • 65 amino acid peptide with potential antigenicity • Direct, IRREVERSIBLE thrombin inhibitor, most potent. • Rapid onset IV bolus; efficacy in HIT; short half life (PK) but accumulates in renal failure, NOT reversible, and can cause anaphylaxis. • Approved in US 1998 ARGATROBAN • Direct thrombin inhibitor • Rapid anticoagulation following IV bolus; efficacy in HIT suggested; short half-life; does not accumulate in renal failure • Accumulates in hepatic failure; effect on INR complicates monitoring during overlap with warfarin; no antidote • FDA approved 2002 Bivalirudin •20-amino acid peptide with an active sitedirected peptide, D-Phe-Pro-Arg-Pro, linked via a tetraglycine spacer to a dodecapeptide analogue of the carboxy-terminal of hirudin. •Binds directly/reversibly to both the active catalytic site and anion-binding exosite 1 of both circulating and clot-bound thrombin. • Thrombin slowly cleaves the bivalirudin Arg3-Pro4 bond, resulting in recovery of thrombin active site function. Bivalirudin: 20 amino acid peptide Gly-Pro-Arg-Pro (active site binding region) (Gly)4 C-terminal dodecapeptide (exosite 1-binding region) Specific, reversible binding 2 Thrombin Gly-Pro-Arg-Pro (active-site-binding portion) (Gly)4 2 Thrombin 1 1 Bivalirudin C-terminal dodecapeptide (Exosite 1-binding portion) Argatroban Indications and Usage Argatroban is a synthetic direct thrombin inhibitor indicated as an anticoagulant for prophylaxis or treatment of thrombosis in patients with heparininduced thrombocytopenia (HIT) Mechanism of Action for Argatroban • Directly inhibits all procoagulant and prothrombotic actions of thrombin • Reversibly binds to the thrombin catalytic site • Active against both free and clotbound thrombin Argatroban Is Distinct from Indirect Thrombin Inhibitors (UFH, LMWH, and Heparinoids) • Argatroban – Does not interact with or induce heparindependent antibodies – Does not require a cofactor for thrombin inhibitory activity – Active against both free and clot-bound thrombin Pharmacokinetics of Argatroban Infusion in Healthy Volunteers • Rapid Onset of Action – Anticoagulant effects are produced immediately upon infusion – Steady-state levels are reached within 1 – 3 hours – Steady-state levels are maintained until dosage is adjusted or infusion is discontinued Pharmacokinetics of Argatroban Infusion in Healthy Volunteers • Short Half-Life –T1/2 = 39 – 51 minutes –Upon discontinuation of therapy, anticoagulant parameters return to baseline within 2 – 4 hours Relationship at Steady-State Between Argatroban Dose, Plasma Argatroban Concentration, and aPTT Plasma Argatroban (µg/mL) 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 Mean aPTT (±secs) 100 75 50 25 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 Infusion dose (µg/kg/min) Special Populations • In healthy subjects, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Argatroban were NOT affected by renal impairment, age, or gender • Dosage adjustment is NOT necessary in renally impaired patients • Hepatic impairment decreases Argatroban clearance; therefore, the dosage must be reduced for hepatically impaired patients Recommended Dosing Guidelines for Argatroban HIT Patients Initiate at 2 µg/kg/min No dosage adjustment required Titrate until steady-state aPTT is 1.5–3.0 times baseline value* * HIT Patients with Renal Impairment HIT Patients with Hepatic Impairment Initiate at 0.5 µg/kg/min† Titrate until steady-state aPTT is 1.5–3.0 times baseline value* Not to exceed a dose of 10 µg/kg/min or aPTT of 100 seconds † Due to approximate 4-fold decrease in Argatroban clearance relative to those with normal hepatic function Safety Results for Argatroban Argatroban Historical Control† Studies 1 & 2 (n=568) (n=193) Major Hemorrhagic Events* Overall Bleeding 5.3% 6.7% Gastrointestinal 2.3% 1.6% Genitourinary and hematuria 0.9% 0.5% Decrease in Hb/Hct 0.7% 0% Multisystem hemorrhage and 0.5% 1% DIC NOTE: Patients may have experienced more than one adverse event * Limb and with a hemoglobin decrease 2 g/dL, that led to a transfusion of 2 units, or that was Defined as overt BKA 0.5% 0% intracranial, retroperitoneal, or into a major prosthetic joint. Other overt bleeding was considered minor Typical therapy for patients in the historical Intracranial hemorrhagecontrol group was heparin discontinuation and/or warfarin therapy 0% 0.5% † Safety Results for Argatroban • Intracranial bleeding was not observed in ANY of the 568 HIT patients treated with Argatroban – One patient experienced intracranial bleeding 4 days after discontinuation of Argatroban and following therapy with urokinase and oral anticoagulation Re-exposure and Lack of Antibody Formation • Plasma from 12 healthy volunteers treated with Argatroban over 6 days showed no evidence of neutralizing antibodies • Repeated administration of Argatroban to more than 40 patients was tolerated with no loss of anticoagulant activity • No change in the dose was required upon re-exposure for safe/effective anticoagulation Guidelines for Conversion to Oral Anticoagulant Therapy • All direct thrombin inhibitors, including Argatroban, may increase prothrombin time (PT); this must be taken into • Coadministration of Argatroban and warfarin does produce a combined effect on the laboratory measurement of the International Normalized Ratio (INR) consideration when converting to warfarin therapy Guidelines for Conversion to Oral Anticoagulant Therapy • Concurrent therapy with Argatroban and warfarin does not exert an additive effect on the warfarin mechanism of action (e.g., factor Xa activity) • The previously established relationship between INR and bleeding risk is altered during combination therapy –For example, an INR of 4 on cotherapy may not have the same bleeding risk as an INR of 4 on warfarin monotherapy Guidelines for Conversion to Oral Anticoagulant Therapy Initiate warfarin therapy using the expected daily dose of warfarin while maintaining Argatroban infusion. * A loading dose of warfarin should not be used Measure INR daily† If INR is 4.0, continue concomitant therapy If INR is >4.0, stop Argatroban infusion Repeat INR 4-6 hours later If INR is within therapeutic range on warfarin alone, continue warfarin monotherapy * If INR is below the therapeutic range for warfarin alone, resume Argatroban therapy For Argatroban infusion at 2 µg/kg/min, the INR on monotherapy may be estimated from the INR on cotherapy. If the dose of Argatroban >2 g/kg/min, temporarily reduce to a dose of 2 g/kg/min 4-6 hours prior to measuring the INR. Additional Benefits of Argatroban • Effective anticoagulation, lowering mortality from thrombosis and preventing new thrombosis in patients with HIT • An acceptable bleeding risk, comparable with control • No dose modification with renal impairment • No formation of antibodies to itself • Does not interact with or induce heparin-dependent antibodies SYNTHETIC AGENTS • Danaparoid (Orgaran): Anti-Xa activity, studied extensively in HIT. For patients with strongly suspected (or confirmed) HIT, whether or not complicated by thrombosis, has Grade 1B recommendation based on ACCP Guidelines (CHEST 2004; 126:311S–337S). • Pentasaccharide (Fondaparinux) a highly selective, indirect inhibitor of activated factor X, is the first of a new class of synthetic antithrombotic agents Fondaparinux: Targeted mechanism of action Intrinsic pathway Extrinsic pathway 1 ATIII 2 ATIII 3 ATIII Xa Xa Fondaparinux II Fibrinogen IIa Fibrin clot Olson ST, et al. J Biol Chem. 1992; 267:12528-12538. THROMBOCYTOPENIA AND HIT: KEY POINTS • 50% decrease in platelets is significant • Appears day 5-8 of treatment, but earlier suggests pre-existing heparin antibodies (three months). • Consider other causes: sepsis, DIC, IABP, autoimmune, other medications. • MOA: PF4/heparin epitope Summary • HIT is a relatively common, often underrecognized, potentially devastating complication of heparin therapy • Diagnosis of HIT is based upon clinical suspicion • Treatment of HIT should not rely on laboratory confirmation • Untreated patients with HIT are at a high risk of a thromboembolic complication Summary • Management of HIT –Discontinue all types of heparin –R/O other potential causes of thrombocytopenia –Assess risk of thrombosis –If indicated, initiate alternative anticoagulant therapy HeparinInducedThrombocytopenia.com
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How did three Danes end up being tortured in Lebanon?
At 15 Omar went to Guantanamo. Here's his story
10 Nov 2013 05:34 GMT | Politics, Europe, US & Canada, China, France
Iran and world powers have failed to clinch a deal on Tehran's disputed nuclear programme despite intensive negotiations but will meet again on November 20 for fresh talks, officials say.
EU diplomatic chief Catherine Ashton said late on Saturday that there had been "three days of intense and constructive discussions" but that Tehran and the P5+1 group of world powers, consisting of the US, UK, France, China, Russia, Germany and the EU, would have to meet again.
"A lot of concrete progress has been achieved but some issues remain," she said, adding: "Our objective is to reach a conclusion and that's what we'll come back to try to do."
Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif said he was not discouraged despite the failure of the talks.
"I'm not disappointed at all because the meeting we just had, very long, running after midnight, was a good meeting," Zarif said. "We are working together and hopefully we will be able to reach an agreement when we meet again."
The meeting went late into the night on Saturday, reported Al Jazeera's James Bays in Geneva, where the talks were being held.
"There is certainly frustration but there is no doubt progress has been made here," he said. "After a decade of wrangling, just getting this far is an achievement."
French objections
The main sticking points appeared to include calls for shutdown of the Arak nuclear reactor southeast of Tehran that could eventually help produce weapons-grade nuclear fuel, the fate of Iran's stockpile of higher-enriched uranium and the nature and sequencing of relief from economic sanctions sought by Tehran.
Prospects for an agreement dimmed after French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius raised objections to a draft that the French had previously agreed to.
Fabius spoke of "several points that ... we're not satisfied with compared to the initial text," telling France-Inter Radio his nation does not want to be part of a "con game".
Although Kerry publicly played down the differences with Fabius, other diplomats at the talks said the last-minute objections came as a surprise and complicated the chances of agreement.
Addressing the press following the meeting, US Secretary of State John Kerry said that Washington remains "determined to make certain" Iran does not acquire a nuclear weapon. While Kerry expressed optimism that a deal would be struck in the coming weeks, he also said that the window for a diplomatic solution would not be open "indefinitely".
The meeting on November 20 will occur at the political directors level, but Kerry suggested that foreign ministers could reconvene shortly after that date.
They are searching for a preliminary agreement that would restrain Iran's nuclear programme and make it more transparent for UN anti-proliferation inspectors.
Source: Al Jazeera and agencies
Iranian official says "very critical" point reached, with negotiations in Geneva set to continue for third day.
Politics, Europe, US & Canada, China, France
President Hassan Rouhani's electoral victory 100 days ago ushers in political freedoms.
Politics, Middle East, Iran
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Normalised Cuba-US relations could result in a hybrid economic model blending socialism and entrepreneurial spirit.
Business & Economy, Communism, Politics
Chasing dreams in an unlikely place, foreign footballers play in Somalia as country rebuilds from decades of conflict.
Sport, Africa, Somalia
Many of the 7,000 sex workers in this Kolkata red-light district say they have no other options for survival.
Asia, India, Women
Wedged between Ukraine and Romania, one of Europe's poorest nations must choose between the regional powers.
Poverty & Development, Politics, Europe
At least 35 people killed as ISIL group attacks police posts in Sheikh Zuweid and El-Arish, sources tell Al Jazeera.
Middle East, Egypt, Sinai Peninsula
Medics in Yemen barely have tools to tend to physical wounds of Yemeni children, let alone psychological ones.
War & Conflict, Middle East, Yemen, War
After decades of tension and hostility between the two nations, has change finally come to US-Cuba relations?
As the Baku games close, we examine the challenges facing journalists; plus, Angola, Portugal and 'reverse colonialism'.
Media, Europe, Azerbaijan
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Politics, ICC, South Africa


text:
Ashlee Simpson, Vincent Piazza attend the New York Premiere of the second season of Boardwalk Empire held at the The Ziegfeld Theater in New York on Wednesday, September 14, 2011.
Elizabeth Olsen totally had a Marilyn Monroe moment. …
Summer is upon us and that could only mean one thing: Swimsuit season is finally here.
Caitlyn Jenner is giving thanks for the freedom to be herself on this very special Independence Day.


text:
Mathematics in Education and Industry (MEI)
MEI is committed to improving mathematics education and promotes teaching and learning through different strands of activity. We support teachers through a range of professional development opportunities, including our annual conference. Innovative resources are continually being developed to extend and enrich your knowledge of mathematics, whether teacher, student, undergraduate or member of the workforce.
MEI takes various opportunities to share and discuss with you the changing landscape of mathematics education, including consultation, discussions, social media, and our newsletters. Another way you can get involved is through our membership scheme. Our local branches for Members and Educational Associates provide professional development as well as a forum for discussion.
MEI is an independent charity; any income generated through our work is used to support mathematics education. We are a partner in the NCETM consortium, with responsibility for the secondary mathematics strand and also manage the government-funded Further Mathematics Support Programme.
Maths Item of the Month
June 2015
A couple of MEI Conference taster problems
Problem solving at KS3&4 - 13:45-14:45 Saturday 27th June with Phil Chaffe
Pattern 1:
Pattern 2:
What would the shaded area of pattern 3 be?
Florence Nightingale - 09:00-10:00 Friday 26th June with Stella Dudzic
"The regulation allowance of raw spirit which a man may obtain at the canteen is no less than 18½ gallons per annum ; which is, I believe, three times the amount per individual which has raised Scotland, in the estimation
of economists, to the rank of being the most spirit-consuming nation in
Florence Nightingale on the British army in India in "How people may live and not die in India. London : Emily Faithful, 1863."
How does this compare to current drinking habits?
MEI Conference 2015
For details of the 2015 MEI Conference see: conference.mei.org.uk/