text:
VIEWS: 2 PAGES: 31 POSTED ON: 10/19/2011 Public Domain
Protracted Relief and Recovery Operation – Ecuador 200275 Assistance to Refugees and Persons Affected by the Conflict in Colombia ECUADOR PRRO 200275 Number of beneficiaries 120,100 Duration of project 36 months (July 2011 – June 2014) WFP food tonnage 5,538 mt Cost (United States dollars) WFP food cost US$4,958,200 WFP cash/voucher cost US$2,969,364 Total cost to WFP US$13,571,583 1 Approximately 50 Colombian asylum-seekers enter Ecuador each day, a 48 percent increase over the past five years. Most are poor, socially fractured, and have limited access to education and national safety nets. The northern border between Ecuador and Colombia is characterized by high levels of insecurity and lack of social and institutional development, with intense competition for resources and social services, which creates tensions between refugees and Ecuadorians. A 2010 emergency food security assessment found that 22.6 percent of refugees are moderately food-insecure and 5.3 percent severely food-insecure. Refugee populations, as well as poor Ecuadorian households, are particularly affected by malnutrition. The Government of Ecuador has requested that humanitarian assistance focus on the integration and the inclusion of Ecuadorians. In line with the 2011 joint assessment mission conducted by WFP and the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, WFP will strengthen its operational capacity and presence aiming to: i) reduce tensions associated with relief food distributions; ii) better target and monitor its food assistance; and iii) support integration activities. As part of its handover strategy, WFP will work closely with various governmental institutions as well as local authorities. WFP will advocate for the inclusion of community-based food security actions in local development plans, and for the inclusion of refugees in national social protection programmes. The protracted relief and recovery operation (PRRO) will begin in July 2011, costing US$13.6 million for three years, reaching approximately 120,100 people. It is aligned with Strategic Objectives 1 ("Save lives and protect livelihoods in emergencies"); and 3 ("Restore and rebuild lives and livelihoods in post-conflict, post-disaster or transition situations") and aims to: a) improve the food consumption of new asylum seekers and refugees without creating new tensions; and b) rebuild sustainable livelihoods, and the food and nutrition security of refugees and Ecuadorians, with a special focus on women. The operation contributes to Millennium Development Goals (MDG) 1 - Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger; MDG 3: Promote gender equality and empower women; and MDG 7: Ensure environmental sustainability. The PRRO supports the Government's refugee and integration policies, food security and sovereignty goals; it also focuses on the environment and in line with the Ecuador United Nations Development Assistance Framework (2010-2014). 2 SITUATION ANALYSIS AND SCENARIOS Overall Context 1. Ecuador receives the highest number of Colombian refugees in the region. As of early 2011, there are 167,189 Colombians in need of international protection, of which, approximately 52,000 are classified as asylum seekers, 53,342 are recognized as refugees and the remainder have never officially approached an institution to register. They remain vulnerable without legal documents and are deprived of their rights, access to basic services and economic opportunities. Colombian refugees have fled conflict, fearing threats, disappearances, murders, kidnappings, deliberate displacement and forced recruitment. 2. The four-decade internal conflict in Colombia shows no signs of abating. Approximately fifty persons entered Ecuador everyday in 2010 and early 2011, doubling the number of new arrivals over the last two years.1 The number of asylum seekers requesting official registration increased from 7,784 in 2006 to 28,998 in 2010. This increase is explained by the launch of a government registration programme in 2009-2010 as well as an increase in the absolute number of new arrivals each year.2 3. Colombian refugees in Ecuador have a low profile, in part because they live among the Ecuadorian population rather than in camps. They move frequently and are scattered in 10 of the 24 provinces. The five northern provinces host about 50 percent of the Colombian refugee population, with Pichincha hosting the single largest concentration (32 percent). Most refugees live in urban areas, with the remainder residing near the border in underdeveloped and isolated regions. Urban refugees tend to be better off than those living in rural areas; however, vulnerability is more a function of individual context than location. 4. Refugees are a largely heterogeneous group; members are socially fractured, tend to conceal their identity and avoid mixing with local communities due to fear of recognition or deportation. Approximately 20 percent of registered school-aged refugee children are not enrolled in schools. Colombian asylum-seekers are unable to open bank accounts or access safety net programmes, contributing to their high levels of food insecurity. 5. Women refugees represent 46 percent of the total number of refugees in Ecuador; 21 percent of refugee households are headed by women and are particularly vulnerable to violence and exploitation;3 94 percent suffer from gender-based violence as many flee Colombia without male partners, leaving them vulnerable to abuse. A lack of economic opportunities forces many refugee women into prostitution; around 45 percent of sex workers began this activity after their arrival in Ecuador.4 1 UNHCR, Progress, 2010. 2 UNHCR, Progress 2010. 3 WFP, Emergency Food Security Assessment (EFSA), 2010. 4 UNHCR 2010 3 6. The northern border is composed of three zones, with distinct topographies, cultures and demographics. A common factor shared by the three border provinces is lack of social and institutional development. The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), the National Liberation Army of Colombia (ELN) as well as organized criminal groups operate with impunity. Thus, insecurity manifests itself in contraband activities (arms, drugs, gas, and products to manufacture drugs), robberies, kidnappings, assaults, and human trafficking. Insecurity exists, real and visible, but also there is an intense perception of insecurity as a result of the Colombian presence. 7. On the Pacific Coast, the situation has dramatically worsened in the last couple of years., As a result, refugees are increasingly exposed to xenophobia and discrimination. While development in this area would require security and stability, the presence of Colombians has been perceived as having a destabilizing effect on the socio-economic conditions of Ecuador and on the relations between the two countries. Food and Nutrition Security 8. Over 38 percent of Ecuadorian households live in poverty, surpassing 61 percent in rural areas.5 Thirteen percent of households live in extreme poverty and are unable to meet their minimum nutritional requirements. Despite strong economic growth, Ecuador has a high level of chronic malnutrition; rates hover around 26 percent for children under 5, and 6 percent are underweight. Levels of anaemia are the highest in the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region at 62 percent of children under 6 years of age. Malnutrition affects both Colombians and Ecuadorians and is related to poor dietary diversity, with children and adults consuming large quantities of cereals. Parasites also contribute to the high prevalence of anaemia. 9. Whereas 33.8 percent of Ecuadorians depend on informal employment or are unemployed, about 70 percent of refugees are engaged in low paid irregular and short-term work because of lack of documentation, discrimination and lack of social networks.6 Over 67 percent of households in Sucumbíos and 35 percent in Carchi-Imbabura face extreme poverty, whereas 23.5 percent in Sucumbíos and 33.7 percent in Carchi-Imbabura are poor.7 Food consumption scores indicate that 5.3 percent of refugees are severely food-insecure and 22.6 percent moderately food-insecure. Refugees are particularly vulnerable to food insecurity because they lack access to social protection programmes. 10. Historically low social investment, combined with an increasing refugee population, has put a severe strain on social services and increased competition for scarce resources and employment. Thus, both Ecuadorians and Colombians struggle to maintain their food security. These struggles increase social tensions, pressure for land, and exacerbate deforestation. 5 Integrated System of Social Indicators for Ecuador (SIISE-MCDS) 2010 6 2010 EFSA 7 I SIISE-2006. In Ecuador a monthly food expenditure of US$56.6 or less defines consumption poverty. 4 Scenarios 11. The spillover effect of the conflict is ever more evident by the increase in the number of new refugees arriving in Ecuador as well as the security incidents involving Colombian armed groups. Three scenarios guide planning for the next few years: 1) the situation in Colombia remains volatile and the number of new refugees continues to increase; 2) the Colombian Government commits to greater control of the border areas which slows the flow of persons crossing the border; 3) the Colombian Government, at the request of the Ecuadorian Government, commits to assuming more responsibility for Colombians in Ecuador, thus relieving pressure on Ecuadorian social programmes and services. Indications are that the first scenario will be most likely for the duration of this new protracted relief and recovery operation (PRRO). POLICIES, CAPACITIES AND ACTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT AND OTHERS Policies and Capacities of the Government 12. The National Development Plan (2009-2013) prioritizes food sovereignty, implying protection and inclusion of citizens beyond Ecuador's borders. Ecuador's constitution recognizes the rights of asylum and Article 13 highlights the right to safe and permanent access to nutritious foods.8 The Government extends education and health services to refugees. However, social protection programmes, including the conditional cash transfer programme, specifically exclude refugees. 13. In 2009, the Government adopted an asylum policy, and launched a project to register and identify those in need of international protection. In January 2011, the Refugees National Directorate introduced an initial admissibility review, an additional step which, at least temporarily, contributes to delays in registration. Bi- national discussions increasingly focus on how Colombia can contribute to the integration of refugees in Ecuador. 14. National policy promotes sustainable development and human security in the northern border areas, the integration of refugees in Ecuadorian communities, and reaching the most vulnerable of both populations. Progress does not meet expectations, partly due to lack of funding and the complexity of the situation. Policies and Capacities of Other Actors 15. The United Nations Development Assistance Framework 2010-2014 (UNDAF), guarantees humanitarian assistance for refugee and host populations and supports the integration of refugee and host populations.9 The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) is a key actor in the provision of 8 Ecuador Constitution 2008 Article 4 and 13. 9 UNDAF: Concentration Area 5. 5 protection and humanitarian assistance to refugees, including legal support, micro- credit, and quick action projects that support production, water and sanitation, income generation, and gender projects. The International Organization for Migration (IOM) is promoting durable solutions and local integration in the northern border area, primarily through water and sanitation projects and training in gender-based violence. Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society (HIAS), Red Cross and Samaritan Purse are key actors among the non-governmental organizations (NGOs). 16. The United Nations country team is developing a joint project with a human security focus in the northern border area. WFP is part of this effort, as well as the UNHCR-led United Nations Northern Border Inter-Agency Working Group. OBJECTIVES OF WFP ASSISTANCE 17. This PRRO will be implemented for three years, beginning July 2011. It is in line with WFP's Strategic Objectives 1 and 3, with the following objectives:10 To improve the food consumption of new asylum seekers and the most vulnerable and non-self reliant Colombian refugees in Ecuador, without creating tensions between Colombian refugees and Ecuadorian populations; To rebuild sustainable livelihoods and the food and nutrition security of Colombian refugees and Ecuadorians, with a special focus on women, and those most affected by the conflict in Colombia. 18. This operation will pay particular attention to the needs of women and refugee protection issues, by systematically promoting gender equality, the empowerment of women, and actions that reduce tensions among all vulnerable groups. WFP RESPONSE STRATEGY Nature and Effectiveness of Food Security Assistance 19. Following a first PRRO which covered the period 2005-2007, WFP launched a follow-up phase (PRRO 104430) in December 2007 with an original end date of 30 November 2010. It was extended in time for 6 months, in response to a request made by the Government of Ecuador, due to the increased influx of refugees. UNHCR was responsible for final food distributions until April 2010, when the caseload increased and WFP assumed full responsibility for distributions. By August 2010, WFP was reaching 18,000 persons per month. 20. The UNHCR/WFP joint assessment mission (JAM) carried out in 2011 concluded that the operation required a revised strategy and enhanced implementation modalities. The JAM identified WFP's limited field presence as a major impediment to playing a more active role in decision-making forums and having a 10 Strategic Objective 1: Save lives and protect livelihoods in emergencies. Strategic Objective 3: Restore and rebuild lives and livelihoods in post-conflict, post-disaster or transition situations. 6 protective presence on the ground. Specifically, WFP's capacity to assess food and nutritional insecurity, target households and communities, and monitor its interventions needed strengthening. Also, the recovery component required an integrated livelihood community-based approach with closer coordination with UNHCR, IOM and local authorities. Strategy Outline 21. WFP's response strategy is based on the government priority to develop integrated assistance models with a view to diffuse tensions between refugees and Ecuadorian communities and promote integration in both urban and rural areas. The project aims to ensure that assistance is provided in a manner that does not create or exacerbate tensions and contributes to conflict mitigation. WFP is in the process of designing a separate development project, which will complement the nutrition-oriented interventions envisaged under the PRRO and directly address the high levels of stunting and anaemia in the border area. a) Relief Component General Food Distribution 22. WFP will provide relief food assistance, the largest component of this operation, to newly-arrived Colombian refugees and asylum seekers in order to ensure that their immediate food needs are adequately met. Food assistance will also act as an incentive for new arrivals to officially register and be recognized in Ecuador. Based on partner monitoring data and the JAM, WFP relief assistance will be provided for six months on average, depending on the vulnerability and food insecurity of each refugee. This will give some time to the targeted beneficiaries to access housing and stable employment or livelihood opportunities in Ecuador. 23. Relief assistance will be part of a comprehensive package that integrates protection and other humanitarian assistance provided by partners including legal, psycho-social and employment support, and addressing gender-based violence. WFP will integrate food and nutrition modules to improve dietary diversity in partner trainings. Conflict Mitigation 24. To ensure that food assistance does not create tensions and to help reduce tensions in Ecuadorian communities with high concentrations of recently-arrived Colombian refugees, WFP will support socially inclusive and short-term food-for- work (FFW) activities in line with traditional communal cooperative works (Mingas). Involving all vulnerable members of the community regardless of nationality, activities will prioritize community sanitation through garbage pickup - in particular in water ways - and vegetative slope stabilization measures where refugees have established dwellings on steep slopes prone to erosion. Work norms will be aligned with province specific "Minga" arrangements so as not to undermine local customs. 7 b) Recovery Component Barrio (Neighbourhood) and Community Integration Activities 25. WFP will support the transition to stable livelihoods and the improvement of the food security of Colombian refugees and conflict-affected Ecuadorians in a selected number of barrios or communities where there is a high concentration of refugees and where integration is difficult. Particular attention will be given to supporting local safety nets, barrio or community-based approaches and the specific needs of women refugees. 26. Interventions will be developed based on the priorities and capacities in each location, food security needs, the security situation, protection needs of specific targeted groups, and form part of an integrated package of assistance aligned with UNHCR and IOM and other partners. 27. Community integration activities will be based on the following four implementation models: 28. Community school-based activities: Since the national school lunch programme was terminated in late 2010, teachers report that poor children have trouble concentrating as they receive only a cookie and drink for breakfast, with no lunch. Therefore, many communities have organized contributions in kind, cash and labour in order to continue the lunch programme as the poorest families, in particular refugee families, have more trouble sending their children to school.11 Activities will be implemented where parents have expressed their willingness to contribute to a community-based school lunch programme (either in urban barrios or rural communities). WFP will provide food, technical assistance and organizational support in order to expand the programme with increasing local contributions. School gardens and other production efforts will increase in-kind resources for the programme. Parents will participate in the design of balanced menus which combine food commodities from WFP and parents. WFP assistance will be phased out after one year, as parent, community and local authority contributions increase to maintain the programme. IOM, UNHCR and HIAS will be WFP's main partners contributing to the building of school latrines and clean water systems. 29. Food and nutrition trainings will be integrated into partner activities in both urban and rural areas. These integrated trainings will promote consumption of local nutritious foods, sound child care practices, combined with complementary training in human rights, legal services, sound sanitation, and gender. Incentives for participation of community members will be encouraged through food for training (FFT). 11 According to a recent study, 20 percent of refugee children do not go to school in Quito and Guayaquil. Study on Colombian refugees in urban environments, the case of Quito and Guayaquil. January 2011. FLACSO- UNHCR. 8 30. Local production of nutritious foods such as fruits and vegetables through environmentally sustainable practices will be supported by food-for-asset activities (FFA). Activities will be implemented in rural areas, targeting food- insecure families in critical periods of the year to encourage the diversification of crops. Home and community gardens will be developed as well as the planting of fruit trees in agro-forestry systems. WFP's main partners will include UNHCR and local governments. 31. Protection of watersheds and water sources will be supported through FFA activities in collaboration with IOM and local authorities from the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment where clean water systems are being introduced. Because many of these systems rely on forest cover, WFP would help ensure the sustainability of partner investments in communities with a high concentration of refugees. In Carchi, these actions may include a pilot bi-national project, as the water systems rely on sound catchment management systems that straddle the Ecuadorian-Colombian border. The bi-national pilot project will serve as a platform to advocate for greater levels of development cooperation in favour of the border area. Work norms will be established for each type of activity (reforestation, forest protection, water conservation and erosion control measures,) with local ministry experts. All activities will be planned with partners (IOM and OXFAM), with technical advice from the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Aquaculture and Fisheries (Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería, Acuacultura, y Pesca - MAGAP). Vulnerable Group Support 32. Particular attention will be given to strengthening safety nets, in particular attending to the needs of the most vulnerable groups in both urban and rural areas. Household-level vulnerability assessments will be carried out and targeting will include non-self-reliant refugee households who have received WFP assistance upon arrival but who are no longer eligible for relief assistance, as well as other vulnerable refugee households or vulnerable Ecuadorians in the same community, excluded from national safety-net programmes. Assistance will be provided though the combination of family food rations and vouchers for an average of three months and for a maximum of six months. Transfers would be conditional to participation in trainings, sending children to school, receiving health checkups for pregnant and lactating mothers and children under 5, or vaccines for children. Handover Strategy 33. WFP will fulfil its obligation to assist refugees in need of international assistance and protection as required. Thus, each activity will require a specific handover strategy with a concrete timeline. Milestones will be agreed by WFP and counterparts to ensure transparency. Specifically, WFP will advocate for the inclusion of food security actions in local development plans and for inclusion of refugees in social protection programmes, including vulnerable group feeding and school lunch activities. 34. By linking relief assistance for asylum seeking and vulnerable refugees to partner actions such as employment-related orientation sessions, and basic services such as children attending schools, refugees have a better chance of becoming self- sufficient in Ecuador. WFP will strongly advocate and support the practice of 9 parent and community contributions to school lunch progammes. The focus on integration will help provide opportunities and networks for Colombians. As refugees gradually gain increased access to key social services and employment opportunities, their integration in the Ecuadorian society will become more durable. BENEFICIARIES AND TARGETING 35. Based on the WFP 2010 EFSA, the 2011 beneficiary profiling exercise, and the 2011 JAM, WFP has identified three main groups of beneficiaries: i) asylum seekers and persons in need of international assistance and protection; ii) vulnerable refugee groups unable to re-establish their livelihoods in Ecuador; and iii) Ecuadorian communities with a concentration of refugees affected by the conflict in Colombia. TABLE 1: BENEFICIARY NUMBERS12 RELIEF: 69,100 beneficiaries % 2011 2012 2013 2014 Activities Refugees July- January- December June General food distribution 8,050 18,515 21,292 12,243 100 Conflict mitigation 1,500 3,000 3,000 1,500 30 activities - FFW Sub-total - Relief 9,550 21,515 24,292 13,743 RECOVERY: 70,500 beneficiaries Vulnerable groups 4,250 8,500 8,500 4,250 80 Community based 6,000 12,000 12,000 6,000 30 integration School feeding 1,500 3,000 3,000 1,500 40 Sub-total - Recovery 11,750 23,500 23,500 11,750 TOTAL 21,300 45,015 47,792 25,493 139,600 12 The total number of beneficiaries has been adjusted to exclude the overlap of beneficiaries assisted through more than one activity. The overlap will occur primarily between school feeding and other PRRO activities. GFD beneficiaries are estimated to increase 20% per year. The project needs will be reviewed annually based on the current situation and political developments. The average size of a refugee family is four members, thus this reference has been applied to all beneficiary and ration calculations used for this operation. Approximately 60 percent of the total beneficiaries will receive both food and voucher transfers. 10 ADJUSTED TOTAL 120,100 a) Relief Component General Food Distribution 36. The relief component will be implemented in the nine provinces13 that have the highest numbers of new arrivals and registered asylum seekers, and where the National Directorate of Refugees and partners have provincial offices. As agreed with UNHCR, beneficiary figures are based on actual number of people assisted in 2010 with a 20 percent increase per year. 37. WFP partners estimate that 90 percent of newly-arrived refugees and asylum seekers and those undergoing the admissibility review are in need of relief food assistance. However, only 28 percent of longer resident asylum seekers who are registered are food-insecure.14 The food and nutrition needs of asylum seekers will be assessed by partners through household level assessments conducted every three months. A household vulnerability assessment, with food and nutrition security criteria will strengthen the selection process and ensure that assistance is properly targeted. Beneficiary selection criteria will include the following priority refugee groups: • Households with limited access to food; • Households with income below extreme poverty levels (US$37.5 per month per capita); and • Households without a home or stable employment. Conflict Mitigation Actions 38. An estimated 9,000 Colombian and Ecuadorian individuals will benefit from community-orientated relief activities in 180 communities or barrios in Sucumbíos, Carchi and Esmeraldas for one month. This estimate is based on the identification of urban areas with conflicts through a household survey undertaken in December 2010. Targeted communities will be based on concentrations of newly-arrived Colombian refugees, evident tensions between Colombians and Ecuadorians, high levels of poverty and food insecurity. Support from local authorities and partner capacity to organize community works are important considerations for the final selection process. Families will be self-selected with support from the barrio president. b) Recovery Component Barrio and Community Integration Activities 39. Community interventions will target communities which have been particularly affected by the conflict in Colombia, with high concentrations of Colombian refugees or destabilizing interactions with Colombian groups, and have: • Above national average poverty rate • High chronic malnutrition and or anaemia prevalence 13 The PRRO will be implemented in nine provinces, Carchi, Esmeraldas, Imbabura, Sucumbíos, Orellana, Pichincha, Santo Domingo, Azuay, Guayas, with special attention to the three provinces along the Northern border (Carchi, Esmeraldas, and Sucumbíos). 14 WFP 2010 EFSA and 2011 household assessment. 11 • At least moderate food insecurity • Limited access to safety net programmes • Partner capacity 40. WFP, during a joint mission with UNHCR, identified 42 communities as particularly vulnerable to be targeted for barrio or community-based interventions. They are concentrated in 5 districts in the northern border: Putumayo and Shushufindi (Sucumbíos province), San Lorenzo (Esmeraldas province), Tulcan and San Gabriel (Carchi province). Targeted rural communities live on the border, many along rivers separating the two countries. Families depend on subsistence agricultural production, as their main source of food, and rely on the diverse natural resource base for their livelihoods. Their close proximity to Colombia and the resulting insecurity puts pressure on the stability of their income and livelihood sources. Access to basic services are minimal and many children are malnourished, not vaccinated and do not attend school regularly. 41. Based upon a food security assessment and a self-targeting process, activities will benefit both refugees (documented, seeking documentation or part of the invisible refugee population) and equally poor and food-insecure Ecuadorians that fall outside social safety nets. Vulnerable Groups Support 42. This component will provide assistance to refugee groups who are unable to sustain themselves, have been in Ecuador for longer than a year, and do not benefit from relief assistance or social programmes but still require assistance. Based on the results of the 2010 EFSA, the number of vulnerable refugees were estimated and household targeting criteria developed, including: • Pregnant and lactating women • Children under 5 • Handicapped, the sick and elderly • Young women (under 25) with more than two children and women headed households • Households with more than 3 children • Non-accompanied adolescents 43. Beneficiaries will be selected through household level vulnerability and food security assessments by partner provincial offices, and through other partner community assessment processes. Ecuadorians may also receive assistance if they meet the stated criteria, in order to not create tensions in barrios or communities where the two groups live side by side. Beneficiary numbers are based on discussions with HIAS and UNHCR. WFP will continue to encourage the Government to assist vulnerable groups through social protection programmes. 12 NUTRITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS AND RATIONS / VALUE OF VOUCHER TRANSFERS 44. Colombian refugee and host communities share similar food consumption patterns. Both have a monotonous diet, extremely high in carbohydrates and poor in protein and micronutrients. This operation aims to provide beneficiaries with opportunities for healthier and more balanced diets through a combination of food rations and vouchers. These rations will be complemented with nutrition training and the local production of vegetables, fruits and other nutritious foods. Women will be targeted to receive the food/ voucher transfers. TABLE 2 FOOD RATION/TRANSFER BY ACTIVITY (g/person/day) General Food Conflict Vulnerable School Feeding Distribution Mitigation Groups & Community Integration Rice 50 0 0 70 Pulses 125 50 50 35 Vegetable Oil 30 23 23 15 Fortified wheat flour 150 100 100 60 TOTAL commodities 355 173 173 180 Total kcal/day (food) 1,400 720 720 720 % Kcal from protein 13% 12% 12% 11% % Kcal from fat 21% 31% 31% 21% Food voucher US$ per month 20 20 20 0 Total kcal/day 700 700 700 0 (voucher) Total kcal/day (food + voucher) 2,100 1,420 1,420 720 Number of feeding days per year (on 180 30 180 220 average) 45. GFD rations will be distributed by WFP's implementing partners in distribution points close to government offices where refugees solicit asylum. The family food ration will provide 1,400 kcal for relief beneficiaries. The food ration will be complemented with a US$20 per family food voucher. 13 46. Family food rations for FFW/FFA/FFT activities, and for vulnerable groups, will provide 720 kilocalories per day per person. Individuals will participate for 2.5 hours per day for 10 days. The incentive for participating is equivalent to half of the official minimum wage (US$2.6 per day). The total food and voucher transfer value is US$40 per month per family, at local market prices. This value is in line with the government social safety net programme for Ecuadorians. 47. The school feeding ration will cover a third of the kilocalorie needs of children on a daily basis for 220 days, complemented by fruits, vegetables and other nutritious foods, produced in family or school vegetable gardens. 48. All food rations, except for school feeding, will be complemented by a US$20 family food voucher. The food voucher should provide approximately 700 kcal per individual per day based on a list of products to be selected from established food groups at preselected supermarkets. 49. WFP will modify the relative proportions of food and vouchers to be distributed based on funding, security, market conditions and other factors as necessary. However, the overall kilocalorie and dollar values of the transfers will remain stable. TABLE 3 FOOD (mt) AND VOUCHER (US$) REQUIREMENTS Relief Recovery Commodities Conflict Vulnerable School Community GFD Mitigation Group Feeding Integration Rice 541 0 0 115 0 Pulses 1,352 13 229 57 162 Vegetable oil 324 6 105 24. 74 Fortified wheat flour 1,622 27 459 99 324 TOTAL (mt) 3,840 46 794 297 560 Food voucher (US$) 1,619,364 45,000 765,000 0 540,000 14 IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS Partners 50. WFP's main governmental counterpart is the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Direction of Refugees. At the operational level, HIAS, Red Cross and Samaritan Purse will be the main implementing partners. Partners will carry out the beneficiary selection processes, the final distribution of food rations and vouchers, training sessions for newly-arrived asylum seekers, the organization of community activities and monitoring. WFP will monitor implementation processes and progress toward results and works with local authorities to increase their contribution to PRRO activities. 51. In line with Ecuador's decentralization policy to empower communities, WFP will engage and support local authorities through specific agreements with municipal and provincial governments, building on their commitment and complementing resources to strengthen social protection, nutrition and productive programmes. WFP is in the process of signing cooperation agreements with mayors and governors in priority PRRO areas. Also, WFP will establish partnerships with specialized local NGOs such as the Federation of Women. 52. UNHCR and WFP will work towards joint programming options, in particular in the evaluation of needs of asylum seekers, and in the delivery of an integrated package of humanitarian assistance and protection. Specific actions include the development and use of shared assessment tools, joint agreements with and financing of key partners, prioritization of target areas, and joint planning exercises at the local level. These actions were agreed to in the JAM strategy meeting. 53. WFP and IOM have agreed to support complementary actions at community level under the recovery component of this operation in sectors such as gender and women's empowerment, nutrition and health, access to clean water and the protection of watersheds and water sources. Based on a country-level Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) and local operational plans, WFP food and technical assistance will complement IOM resources and local organizational capacity. 54. WFP will work closely with the Ministry of Agriculture and, in particular, its extensive network of local extension services to enhance the productive capacity and nutritional knowledge of small-holder producers in targeted communities. The strategic alliance with the Ministry of the Environment will be expanded to include environmental sensitization sessions, reforestation and watershed protection measures in community plans. 55. WFP will advocate for the inclusion of refugees and the extension in coverage of social protection programmes in targeted areas with the Ministries of Social Development, Environment and Health. Local safety net initiatives supported by WFP, in particular interventions directed at vulnerable groups and school children, 15 will complement national efforts with a view to facilitate greater government support and the eventual phase over of these activities. WFP Capacities 56. To strengthen WFP's role in protection and project implementation oversight, in particular in areas such as food security needs assessments, targeting, and monitoring of interventions, WFP must reinforce its presence and capacities at local and central levels. Hence, 3 WFP sub-offices will be established in Tulcan, Lago Agrio, and Esmeraldas. Each office will have a project coordinator and two programme assistants. These offices will ensure greater operational proximity to targeted communities in the border areas and allow WFP to more effectively participate in local humanitarian committees. In addition, WFP will work more closely with NGO partners and coordinate its actions with UNHCR and IOM; both have substantial presence in these provinces. 57. Operational capacities in Quito will be reinforced with a team composed of a project manager and a programme assistant. This team, supported by international technical consultants, will help ensure adequate coordination, planning, monitoring, and reporting, as well as provide operation support in southern provinces such as Pichincha, Azuay and Guayas. Non-food inputs 58. The emphasis of this operation on tension reduction and integration will require higher levels of other direct operational cost (ODOC) than in the last PRRO. Increased capacity to carry out food security and nutrition assessments will require financial support for NGO implementing partners and social workers in charge of beneficiary evaluations, as well as for training for NGO staff in the execution of protection and food and nutritional security activities. 59. The development of nutrition, health, and gender-based violence sensitization sessions will build on materials that WFP has already developed; however they will need to be expanded and adapted to specific cultural contexts, reproduced and disseminated in training sessions. WFP will need to cover some costs for community activities; however, WFP and partners will lobby for the Government to provide inputs such as seeds. Participation 60. This PRRO will systematically promote gender equality and will seek to empower women with respect to all project implementation stages and modalities. Women will be prioritized at the targeting stage with a view to positively influencing family food consumption and empowering them with alternative sources of income. This operation will also ensure that women have a high representation in community-based activity implementation and food distribution committees with the aim of strengthening women's roles in community structures and as decision makers. WFP will also seek to sensitize all actors regarding violence against women through trainings with partners and by adequately considering gender roles and the specific needs of both women and men in all activities. 16 61. Community activities will require active participation in the design, targeting, implementation and monitoring. Community representatives and barrio presidents will be key participants in the elaboration of community plans and in beneficiary targeting. Transfer modalities - food vouchers 62. The food voucher component has been designed based on the lessons learned from a cash and voucher pilot project implemented in two northern provinces. In the PRRO, food vouchers, with a set value of US$20, will complement food rations valued at US$20, in total equivalent to the value of the government transfer. Vouchers will be distributed to participants on a monthly basis. Supermarkets will be identified in urban areas and participants in rural areas will use either urban supermarkets or small shops. As vouchers may not be feasible in particularly isolated communities, beneficiaries will, in this case, receive a full in-kind food ration to meet their nutritional requirements. 63. WFP will monitor this process and will establish the necessary agreements with selected local supermarkets. Serialized food vouchers, which will be printed centrally by WFP, will not be transferable, and will have a validity of 30 days. A list of participants will be sent to the designated supermarkets each month. The supermarket will retain the vouchers and confirm the food items and quantities purchased on the backside of the voucher. The supermarkets will redeem the vouchers at the local Pichincha Bank. The bank will credit the shops' accounts or pay cash once the shop keeper redeems his voucher. The bank will submit a monthly report to WFP, indicating the number of vouchers deposited by each supermarket, with the names of participants. Logistics - food assistance 64. WFP will deliver food from a central warehouse in Quito, on a monthly basis, to eight distribution points located in provincial capitals, from which NGO partners will directly deliver food to beneficiaries. In order to minimize food handling, storage costs and losses, partners will maintain temporary storage and distribute food immediately upon delivery. 65. The dispersion of community, insecurity and access difficulties in the target areas of the North result in high logistics and transport costs. This is particularly the case for communities located near the San Miguel and Putumayo rivers in Sucumbíos, and the mangrove areas in Esmeraldas with over 250 distribution points and where water transport is the only means of delivery. In order to reduce costs, trimester deliveries of food will be organized for most of the targeted communities. Procurement 66. WFP expects most of the donor contributions to be in-kind food donations, such as fortified wheat flour, vegetable oil and pulses. However, WFP is also asking for cash contributions to complement these products with other basic grains that are more culturally acceptable in some of the targeted areas. The Government has also asked WFP to consider local purchases of some cereals such as rice. WFP will 17 pursue this option to the extent that funding and procurement procedures allow local purchases. PERFORMANCE MONITORING 67. Project monitoring will be carried out in accordance with WFP procedures. A detailed monitoring results framework has been prepared in line with the WFP Strategic Framework (2008–2013). A monitoring system is being set up and will allow WFP and partners to track progress and performance. Outcome measurement and the evaluation of project results will be complemented by a learning component, in particular related to the voucher transfers and conflict reduction and integration activities. 68. Particular attention will be given to process monitoring of the food voucher distribution and end-use by beneficiaries. WFP will conduct regular focus group discussions and monitor product availability in supermarkets, beneficiary security issues, possible misuse of vouchers, and commodity price trends. 69. To improve overall performance monitoring, WFP must augment its field presence. Process and output monitoring will be the responsibility of WFP technical units in Quito, supported by WFP field monitors in three sub-offices. WFP will monitor all steps in the targeting and distribution processes carried out by implementing partners. Data collected will be reviewed at the sub-office level and entered into a standard database, allowing staff to track progress on an ongoing basis. 70. WFP will provide technical assistance and training to partners to ensure that assessments used during the selection process adequately integrate protection with food security, nutrition and livelihood related indicators. WFP will also assist partners in the processing and analysis of data which will be used as the basis for outcome level reporting. To reflect the opinions of women beneficiaries more accurately, women monitors and interviewers will be recruited. 71. A mid-term review of the PRRO will be conducted during the first quarter of 2013, and there will be a final independent evaluation before the end of the PRRO. RISK ASSESSMENT AND CONTINGENCY PLANNING Hazard and Risk Assessment 72. The most significant risks are associated with a potential worsening of the situation in Colombia and the possible spillover effect in Ecuador, resulting in an increase in the number of refugees seeking asylum. 18 73. Another risk is a possible change in government policy towards refugees. The current open door policy facilitates the delivery of assistance and protection for persons in need of international protection. Increasing discrimination and xenophobia may impede the implementation of integration actions. Finally, diversion of assistance is an ongoing concern, thus WFP will strengthen its presence, its needs assessment and monitoring to minimize this risk. Contingency Planning 74. Building on current contingency planning efforts, WFP will contribute to scenarios and responses to mitigate risks, working with UNHCR, IOM and local authorities to integrate food security in local plans, emphasizing local responses to population influxes and natural disasters. Constraints and Assumptions 75. Lack of state presence and partner implementation capacity affects food distributions, and technical support for community interventions. WFP will cover part of this gap through ODOC and landside transport, storage and handling (LTSH). Insufficient or late funding will affect integration actions, a priority of the Government. SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS 76. The United Nations Department of Safety and Security (UNDSS) has established Security Level 4 for a 30 kilometre wide area along the border with Colombia. The rest of the northern border provinces of Esmeraldas, Carchi and Sucumbíos have a Security Level 2 rating. 77. Illegal groups and gangs operate along the border associated with the conflict, drug trade, and other contraband activities. Over 120 Colombian camps along the border were dismantled by the Ecuadorian army in 2010. Though these groups consider Ecuador as a "safe haven" and military actions should not take place, their presence fosters instability and corruption. Smuggling of arms and drugs, human trafficking, money laundering, and daily executions are common place. 78. Following the recommendations of the WFP March 2011 security assessment mission in the northern provinces, WFP Ecuador will substantially strengthen its staffing, Minimum Operating Security Standards (MOSS) compliance and communication capacities, in three sub-offices. Security measures for the sub- offices have been included in the direct support cost (DSC) budget. 19 RECOMMENDATION 79. The Executive Director is requested to approve the proposed protracted relief and recovery operation (Ecuador 200275), designed to benefit 120,100 people with a food cost of US$4.9 million and a total cost of US$13.6 million. APPROVAL ………………………………………… Date: …………………………………... Josette Sheeran Executive Director United Nations World Food Programme 20 ANNEX I -A PROJECT COST BREAKDOWN Food15 Quantity Value Value (mt) (US$ per mt) (US$ Total) Rice 656.40 668.16* 438 571 Pulses 1814.82 1099.76* 1 995 861 Oil and fats 535.64 1935.06* 1 036 498 Fortified Wheat Flour 2531.71 597.46* 1 487 270 Total food 5538.70 4 958 200 Voucher transfers 2 969 364 Subtotal food and transfers 7 927 564 External transport 878 790 Landside transport, storage and handling 1 080 962 Other direct operational costs 1 052 160 Direct support costs16 (see Annex I-B) 1 744 246 Total WFP direct costs 12 683 722 Indirect support costs (7.0 percent)17 887 861 TOTAL WFP COSTS 13 571 583 *Average commodity cost considering 5 percent increase in price per year 15 This is a notional food basket for budgeting and approval. The contents may vary. 16 Indicative figure for information purposes. The direct support costs allotment is reviewed annually. 17 The indirect support cost rate may be amended by the Board during the project. 21 ANNEX I-B DIRECT SUPPORT REQUIREMENTS (US$) Staff and staff-related costs Local staff – temporary assistance 1 009 095 International consultants 199 499 Commercial consultancy services 40 000 Staff duty travel 106 388 Subtotal 1 354 982 Recurring expenses Rental of facility 51 246 Utilities 15 930 Office supplies and other consumables 18 831 Communications services 19 578 Equipment repair and maintenance 10 440 Vehicle running costs and maintenance 60 378 Office set-up and repairs 6 000 United Nations organization services 33 900 Subtotal 216 303 Equipment and capital costs Vehicle leasing 61 200 Communications equipment 49 411 Local security costs 62 350 Subtotal 172 961 TOTAL DIRECT SUPPORT COSTS 1 744 246 22 ANNEX II: LOGICAL FRAMEWORK Strategic Objective 1 : Save lives and protect livelihoods in emergencies Results Performance indicators Risks, assumptions Outcome 1.1 Household Food Consumption score for relief beneficiary households No pipeline breaks Adequate food consumption over assistance period for Colombian Target: Score exceeds threshold (35) for 80 percent of targeted Beneficiaries exchange food asylum seekers households vouchers for nutritious foods, and consume them Supermarkets follow agreed distribution procedures Outcome 1.2 Tension perception score Availability and sufficient capacity of implementing partners Food assistance delivered without increasing tensions Target: Tensions reduced in all targeted communities/barrios between host communities and A sudden large influx of new Colombian asylum seekers refugees does not create conflict over scarce resources 23 • Number of households receiving food /vouchers, by gender and WFP and partners apply Output 1.1.1 refugee status and as a percentage of planned household food security Food/vouchers distributed in • Tonnage of food distributed by type, as percent of planned assessment tools to target the most sufficient quantity and quality on distribution food insecure households time to targeted HH, under • Vouchers redeemed, as percentage of total vouchers distributed per secure conditions distribution • Number of security incidents in relation to assistance distribution Output 1.2.1 Joint participation of Colombian refugees and Ecuadorians in Incidents at barrio level between • Number of incidents at barrio/community level between refugees refugees and host communities common activities will reduce and host communities, decreased tensions Output 1.2.2 Host communities and • Number of communities where social inclusion activities (Mingas) Tradition of Mingas (communal Colombian refugees participate are carried out works) in targeted communities in joint social inclusion activities • Number of people that participated in social inclusion activities), by encourages widespread (Mingas) gender, nationality and type of activity participation in selected activities from both populations 24 Strategic Objective 3 Restore and rebuild lives and livelihoods in transition situations Results Performance indicators Risks, assumptions Outcome 3.1 Dietary Diversity score by assistance modality (Score measures Sufficient resources for voucher component of ration - (vulnerable Improved dietary diversity over quantities of diverse products consumed) assistance period for non self Target: Score exceeds threshold for 80 percent of targeted groups and community based households activities) reliant households in targeted communities Percentage of communities with improved access to vegetables, fruits Sufficient resources for and other nutritious foods community based integration Target: 80 percent communities produce vegetables, fruits and other activities nutritious foods for own consumption Outcome 3.2 Sufficient resources for voucher Household Food Consumption score for relief beneficiary households component of ration Improved food consumption over Target: Score exceeds threshold (35) for 80 percent of targeted assistance period for Colombian households asylum seekers and host communities 25 Outcome 3.3 Implementing partners and WFP Community Asset Score are able to create alliances at the Increase access to assets in communities affected by the Target: Functioning, useful and productive assets created in 80 community level and with local conflict in Colombia percent of targeted communities authorities and sector specialized institutions (environment, agriculture, etc) Coping Strategy Index Target: Reliance on negative coping mechanisms decreased for 80% of targeted households Outcome 3.4 Parents participate and contribute Retention rate in schools (disaggregated between Colombian and to school lunch programme with Stabilize enrolment of girls and Ecuadorian children and boys and girls) increasing resources boys including refugees, in Target: Retention rate in schools equals 90 percent for girls/boys assisted communities Lunch provides an incentive for Parents and communities gradually increase contributions to refugee families to send their community school lunch programme, facilitating WFP's phase out children to school Target: WFP phases down assistance in 75 percent of schools after one year 26 Results Performance indicators Risks, assumptions • Number of households receiving Food /Vouchers, by gender and No pipeline breaks and sufficient Output 3.1.1, 3.2.1 age and refugee status, as a percent of planned resources to fund food vouchers Food/Vouchers distributed in • Tonnage of Food distributed by type, as percent of planned sufficient quantity and quality on • Vouchers redeemed, as percentage of total vouchers distributed per time to targeted HH, under distribution A number of food products are secure conditions • Percent women receiving food and vouchers as percent of planned subsidized in Ecuador, keeping prices relatively stable (for • Number of security incidents associated with distributions example rice, milk and bread). However over the duration of the project, some staples could change price Output 3.3.1 • Number of women and men trained in food, nutritional, health and WFP increases its partnership base gender violence thematic areas to meet demand Food nutritional, health and gender violence training • Number of training sessions in food, nutritional, health and gender delivered to beneficiaries under violence organized with WFP support recovery component 27 Output 3.3.2 • Number of community assets created or restored by targeted Communities and participants Assets created to increase communities and individuals (by type: schools, health centers, water share the same priorities and do production and protect water systems, latrines etc, Ha of reforested land, family vegetable not face significant constraints to sources gardens, etc) participate in PRRO activities • Number of women and men trained in watershed, livelihood and supported sustainable agricultural support thematic areas • Number of training sessions in watershed , livelihood and sustainable agricultural support thematic areas Food for assets and training are • Number of communities targeted by integrated community based effective incentives for interventions widespread participation • Number of children receiving food, by gender, age and refugee Communities contribute and Output 3.4.1 status, as a percentage of planned participate in school lunch Nutritional school lunches • Tonnage of Food distributed by type, as percent of planned preparation activities with provided in targeted schools, distribution nutritious foods such as vegetables with collaboration of parents • Number of schools assisted by WFP and fruits • Average number of school lunches per year served to targeted children WFP support to family and school • Average number of participants contributing per school in the vegetable gardens increases preparation of school lunches (disaggregated by sex) production of nutritious foods at • Number of project school gardens contributing food to school the local level lunches • Average USD value of monthly food contributions provided by parents to school lunch activities 28 ANNEX III - LIST OF ACRONYMS ACNUR Agencia de la ONU para los Refugiados EFSA emergency food security assessment ELN National Liberation Army of Colombia FARC Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia FFA food for assets FFT food for training FFW food for work HIAS Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society IOM International Organization for Migration JAM joint assessment mission LAC Latin America and Caribbean LTSH landside transport, storage and handling MOSS Minimum Operating Security Standards MOU memorandum of understanding NGO non-governmental organization ODOC other direct operational costs SIISE Integrated System of Social Indicators for Ecuador UNDAF United Nations Development Assistance Framework UNDSS United Nations Department of Safety and Security UNHCR Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees WFP United Nations World Food Programme 29 ANNEX IV: MAP AND SUPPORTING DATA 30 31
Pages to are hidden for
"Protracted Relief and Recovery Operation ECUADOR"Please download to view full document


text:
1631 Ste-Catherine Ouest, Montreal. Metro Guy-Concordia, 514-937-9727
Click here for gift certificates
Sirloin steak, blue marlin, surprises... What's on the menu?
Can I reserve online?
What is this restaurant about?
FAQ: e.g. Are the waiters really blind?
Located near the Guy-Concordia Metro station (Green Line) on Ste-Catherine St. West between Pierce St. and Guy St. in downtown Montreal. Le Faubourg is across the street.
Google Maps, directions, and parking
Facebook page
Yelp reviews from customers
Foursquare tips
Flickr photo gallery
Subscribe by email
© 2015 Restaurant ONOIR

subset: commoncrawl


text:
A collection of news and information related to Abraham Lincoln published by this site and its partners.
Top Abraham Lincoln Articles
Displaying items 111-121
No resolution for 'wrong turn' Marine who entered Mexico with guns
Cadets to return to Allentown for DCI championships
Educational or recreational? With these road trips, it's the best of both worlds
Commissioner vows to keep former Big East relevant in football
American counts on receivers to help it earn share of national spotlight
READER SUBMITTED: Vintage Baseball In TorringtonStory | Jul 30, 2014 | 4:10 PMVintage Baseball and the Tri State Home Run Derby At Fuessenich Park in Torrington will be held on Sunday Aug. 3, at 5 p.m. An admission of $5 will cover both events. Children under ten receive free admission. A rain date of Aug.10 has been set....
Let's tear the paper ceiling and get some women on U.S. currency
The party of Lincoln, today
Letters: Better messengers for the GOP?Story | Sep 7, 2013Re "How to build a better GOP," Opinion, Sept. 3 The GOP needs to tell better stories? As a registered independent, I've heard all the stories from the GOP that I can stand. Who can forget "mission accomplished"? Mitt Romney had a great story to...
Letters: The fur flies in West HollywoodStory | Sep 24, 2013Re "Shops feel clipped by WeHo fur sales ban," Sept. 21 Your front-page article on the terrible inconveniences suffered by West Hollywood retailers as a result of the city's new ban on fur apparel sales rekindled nostalgia for other bygone freedoms. We'...
Totality of slavery made mercilessly clear in '12 Years a Slave'


text:
Dior Capture Totale Nurturing Rich Crème
We're sorry, this item has sold out. However, we have found some other items you may like. You can find those listed at right.
Capture Totale Nurturing Rich Crème delivers immediate and lasting comfort to the skin with each application and correct all signs of aging. Its nourishing power is boosted by the action of targeted ingredients which protect the stem cells. As a result, the skin is smoother, firmer, more even and more luminous. This crème does it all.
Shipping & Returns
Shipping your purchase is easy on belk.com. Depending on the destination of your package, you can expect it to arrive within 4-7 business days. Shipping Information
Returns are easy on belk.com. Easy returns


text:
Minister's Moment: Quite a Story
Quite a Story
Luke 2:1-20
When I was seven, my parents' denomination assigned us to Niagara Falls, NY. That year, Christmas came on a Sunday for the first time in my memory. My parents were strict about observing Sunday as the Sabbath, so I was not allowed to open any presents. I had to wait until Monday. You can imagine the torture I went through. It was especially difficult in Sunday school, when everyone else was talking about what they had received, and I could say nothing.
Latest News
Town, county wait to hear judge's ruling After a half a day...
Board splits over Chandler evaluation On June 10, the Board...
Kirkland tapped for Coaches' Hall of Fame The winningest boys basketball...
Hercules Hampstead Stage players...
New airman proves 'good' comes from Tunica "When the world...
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8


text:
: Speculation:
2012 Free Agency Thread - Part XXII: Doan Go Breakin My Heart Edition
View Single Post
Von Malkin*
Join Date: Jul 2012
Posts: 202
vCash: 500
After ak46 and Doan sign elsewhere, I hope the pens don't sign any other free agent. The list is pathetic after these 2. The pens didn't have the assets to acquire Nash and can't acquire Ryan as of now. So they'll have to acquire a reclamation project in my opinion if Kennedy, tangradi and Martin are your most valuable tradable assets.
(still not sure why semin wasn't signed for all of these reasons )
Von Malkin*
View Public Profile
Von Malkin*'s albums
Find More Posts by Von Malkin*


text:
The Leading eBooks Store Online
for Kindle Fire, Apple, Android, Nook, Kobo, PC, Mac, BlackBerry...
New to eBooks.com?Learn more
- Bestsellers - This Week
- Foreign Language Study
- Pets
- Bestsellers - Last 6 months
- Games
- Philosophy
- Archaeology
- Gardening
- Photography
- Architecture
- Graphic Books
- Poetry
- Art
- Health & Fitness
- Political Science
- Biography & Autobiography
- History
- Psychology & Psychiatry
- Body Mind & Spirit
- House & Home
- Reference
- Business & Economics
- Humor
- Religion
- Children's & Young Adult Fiction
- Juvenile Nonfiction
- Romance
- Computers
- Language Arts & Disciplines
- Science
- Crafts & Hobbies
- Law
- Science Fiction
- Current Events
- Literary Collections
- Self-Help
- Drama
- Literary Criticism
- Sex
- Education
- Literary Fiction
- Social Science
- The Environment
- Mathematics
- Sports & Recreation
- Family & Relationships
- Media
- Study Aids
- Fantasy
- Medical
- Technology
- Fiction
- Music
- Transportation
- Folklore & Mythology
- Nature
- Travel
- Food and Wine
- Performing Arts
- True Crime
- Foreign Language Books
Most popular at the top
Comprehensive HypertensionElsevier Health Sciences 2007; US$ 181.95
Here is today's most in-depth reference for any cardiologist, internist, or nephrologist interested in hypertension. Drawing from international experience in cardiology, physiology, and nephrology, Drs. Lip and Hall have assembled a group of section editors and contributors second to none. You'll find the long-term effects of primary and secondary... more...
Congenital Heart Disease in AdultsElsevier Health Sciences 2008; US$ 209.00
Dr. Perloff, the founding father of the field of adult congenital heart disease, presents a decade?s worth of research and clinical data in the completely redefined 3rd edition to bring you the most current information. With advances in diagnosis and treatment in children, more and more of those with CHD survive well into adulthood. Expert contributors... more...
Pericardial DiseasesElsevier Health Sciences 2008; US$ 202.00
Often times the symptoms of pericardial disease such as fever, chest pain, and shortness of breath are non-specific, making an accurate diagnosis a challenging task. Now, you can detect and treat pericardial disease in time to save many more patients. This title in the brand-new Clinical Diagnostic Imaging Atlas Series offers you authoritative guidance... more...
Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Companion to Braunwald's Heart DiseaseElsevier Health Sciences 2010; US$ 195.00
Acute Coronary Syndromes-a Companion to Braunwald?s Heart Disease-covers the state-of-the-art scientific and clinical information you need to rapidly evaluate and manage acute coronary syndromes. Dr. Pierre Theroux and his team of expert contributors present advances in diagnostic and imaging techniques such as biomarkers, nuclear cardiology, echocardiography,... more...
Aortic DiseasesElsevier Health Sciences 2008; US$ 209.00
The number of cases of aortic disease is on the rise. In fact, 20,000 patients in the United States died from abdominal aortic aneurysms alone. Now, you can detect and treat the many complications associated with aortic disease in time to save many more patients. This title in the brand-new Clinical Diagnostic Imaging Atlas Series offers you authoritative... more...
Clinical Cardiac Pacing, Defibrillation and Resynchronization TherapyElsevier Health Sciences 2006; US$ 340.00
This 3rd edition presents cutting-edge standards of pacing and defibrillation to keep you at the forefront of this rapidly expanding field. You'll find coverage of all the new devices and management strategies you need to solve a full range of clinical problems using today's best approaches. Written by world authorities on pacing and devices for cardiac... more...
Complications of Myocardial InfarctionElsevier Health Sciences 2008; US$ 202.00
1.2 million myocardial infarctions occurred last year in the U.S., and 480,000 patients died following complications of infarction. Now, you can detect and treat the many complications associated with myocardial infarction in time to save many more patients. This title in the brand-new Clinical Diagnostic Imaging Atlas Series offers you authoritative... more...
Essential Interventional CardiologyElsevier Health Sciences UK 2008; US$ 132.00
This title is directed primarily towards health care professionals outside of the United States. This book has been prepared by professionals working in the UK. It covers the basic principles and practice of interventional cardiology, vascular and non-vascular, written specifically for the general cardiologist. Designed to facilitate easy access to... more...
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Made EasyElsevier Health Sciences UK 2007; US$ 37.95
This title provides an easily digestible and portable synopsis of the technique which will suit the needs of cardiologists and cardiothoracic surgeons wishing to acquaint themselves with what CMR can do, and what it cannot. Beginning with an outline of some of the basic principles of MRI, the following chapters concentrate on the cardiac side of CMR... more...
100 Challenges in EchocardiographyElsevier Health Sciences UK 2008; US$ 37.95
This book offers both experienced cardiologists and trainees alike the opportunity to identify and address the most common pitfalls encountered with echocardiology in routine clinical practice. The book covers a series of challenges ranging from technical difficulties to problems with echocardiographic interpretation with each section presenting a... more...


text:
Premier Program JOIN FREE!
Premier Members Enjoy:
Exclusive pricing and volume discounts
3% BACK on every purchase
Fast & FREE shipping on thousands of items
Save time with your account manager
Over 7 million products to choose from
Quick & easy PO terms for qualifying accounts
Buying for a business, school, or organization?Save even more with our FREE Premier Program for business professionals. CONTINUE
Durham Manufacturing Steel Optional Drawer For Workbench
Durham Manufacturing Steel Optional Drawer For Workbench
Weights & Dimensions
|Product Type: Storage cabinet
|Application: Institutional
|Finish: Gray
|Style: Contemporary
|Primary Material: Steel
|Number of Items Included: 1
|Fire Resistant: No
|Shelves Included: No
|Doors Included: No
|Drawers Included: Yes
|Wheels/Casters Included: No
|Country of Manufacture: Mexico
About the ManufacturerEstablished in 1922 and based in the historic town of Durham, Connecticut, Durham Manufacturing has built a sterling reputation as one of the top producers and distributors specializing in industrial storage, metal and plastic products used in packaging, storing, and organizing maintenance products. Heavy-duty material handling equipment, storage units, steel cabinets, industrial workbenches, and work stations are also part of the core of the Durham Manufacturing business.
Durham Manufacturing Steel Optional Drawer For Workbench
Still have questions about this product? We're here to help
Customer Reviews
Tell Us What You Think!
Tell us what you think about this product. It will help us provide you with better products in the future and help your fellow shoppers make better purchases.Write the first review
OUR SKU # DMFG1047Steel Optional Drawer For Workbench is also sometimes listed under the following manufacturer numbers: 177-DRAWER-95


text:
International Library of SociologyContemporary social and cultural life is increasingly organised around a logic of self-transformation, where changing the body is seen as key. Transforming Images examines how the future functions within this transformative logic to indicate the potential of a materially better time. The book explores the crucial role that images have in organising an imperative for transformation and in making
$4.99There is only one day, and I live it over and over For Clara Mattingly, routine is the key to enduring the endless weeks, months and years of a life sentence in a women's prison. The convicted murderer never looks back at who she once was-a shy young art student whose life took a sudden tragic turn. And she allows herself no hope for a better future. Survival is a day-to-day game. But when a
$6.49Alone since her mother's death, Jill Wagner wants to eat, sleep and breathe Cade Olmstead when he bursts upon her life-golden, handsome and ambitious. Even putting college on hold feels like a minor sacrifice when she discovers she's pregnant with Cade's baby. But it won't be the last sacrifice she'll have to make.Retreating to the Olmsteads' New England farm seems sensible, if not ideal-they'll
$6.49The Kingdom of Childhood is the story of a boy and a woman: sixteen-year-old Zach Patterson, uprooted and struggling to reconcile his knowledge of his mother's extramarital affair, and Judy McFarland, a kindergarten teacher watching her family unravel before her eyes. Thrown together to organize a fundraiser for their failing private school and bonded by loneliness, they begin an affair that at
$4.99When 14-year-old Elizabeth is found dead in the haunted house of a failing Catskills theme park, most of the citizens of nearby Eden Grove believe she must have taken her own life. However, the town's promising snowboard star, Danielle, thinks otherwise. She suspects a motive much darker than depression and becomes preoccupied with the circumstances surrounding the case. As the evidence grows,
Understanding and Coping with Failure: Psychoanalytic perspectivesFailure is a theme of great importance in most clinical conditions, and in everyday life, from birth until death. Its impact can be destabilizing, even disastrous. In spite of these facts, there has been no comprehensive psychoanalytic exploration of this topic. Understanding and Coping with Failure: Psychoanalytic Perspectives fills this gap by examining failure from many perspectives. It goes a
$130.49Hope is central to marginal politics which speak of desires for equality or simply for a better life. Feminism might be characterised as a politics of hope, a movement underpinned by a utopian drive for equality. This version of hope has been used, for example in Barack Obama's phrase 'the audacity of hope' – a mobilisation of an affirmative politics which nevertheless implies that we are living
$12.79The characters in Inappropriate Behavior teeter on the brink of sanity, while those around them reach out in support, watch helplessly, or duck for cover. In their loneliness, Murray Farish's characters cast about for a way to connect, to be understood, though more often than not, things go horribly wrong. Some of the characters come from the darkest recesses of American history. In 'Lubbock Is
Social Class in Applied LinguisticsIn this ground breaking new book David Block proposes a new working definition of social class in applied linguistics. Traditionally, research on language and identity has focused on aspects such as race, ethnicity, nationality, gender, religion and sexuality. Political economy, and social class, as an identity inscription, have been undervalued. This book argues that increasing socioeconomic
$38.00Teaching Theory is a collection of essays which addresses the impact of Theory upon degree courses, the practicalities of teaching and the broader rationale for literary studies as a university subject. Essays range from pieces which examine the problems in bridging the divide between landmark Theory texts and an accessible teaching programme, through the benefits and otherwise of the abundance of
The Narcissistic / Borderline Couple
New Approaches to Marital TherapyIn this second edition of her groundbreaking book, Dr. Joan Lachkar addresses the ever-changing faces and phases of narcissism within the context of marital therapy and discusses the new developments in the treatment of marital conflict. Drawing from many different theoretical frameworks, mainly self-psychology (Kohut) and object relations (Klein), the works of D.W, Winnicott, and Kernberg are
The Guidebook to SociolinguisticsThe Guidebook to Sociolinguistics presents a comprehensive introduction to the main concepts and terms of sociolinguistics, and of the goals, methods, and findings of sociolinguistic research. Introduces readers to the methodology and skills of doing hands-on research in this field Features chapter-by-chapter classic and contemporary case studies, exercises, and examples to enhance comprehension


text:
Non-Edibles to Add to Your Emergency Supplies
Of course, we recommend that everyone have a Sun Oven® in their cache of emergency supplies. In addition, and not related to food there are over a hundred other items that every family should have. GoodStufffromLynda.com recommends these four easy to carry items that should be with you every day:
- High Quality Knife – useful for more than just cutting, some versions have additional tools as well.
- Paracord – with over 100 uses itself, don't leave home without it! Using it you can secure a tent, make a tourniquet, tie up bad guys, and floss your teeth, just to name a few.
- Small Flashlight – night without electricity is really dark. Remember to stock up on the batteries, too. Solar lights and luminous packs are also helpful.
- Fire starter – featherweight fire starters consisting of flint and magnesium will spark a fire in the worst situations.
- Cell Phone – has multiple uses including sending messages via voice or text if phone lines are down, signal mirror, night light, GPS locator beacon. Look for a solar charger to add to your supplies, too.
The Survival Mom also recommends:
- Deodorant/antiperspirant – will be an instant morale booster when you've been hunkered down in a stressful situation for a few days or weeks.
- Feminine products – menstrual cycles don't stop for crises. A six month's supply of tampons or pads will greatly improve your quality of life. Plus, they can be used as sterile pads to reduce blood flow from wounds.
- Bar soap – always welcome to wash everything from laundry to hair.
- Zip-Locs of all sizes – seal everything from food to waste products.
- A pack of new underwear for each family member.
- A battery-powered CD player & CDs with music to calm all the savage beasts.
- Medicine – any prescriptions you must take should be stocked. Pain meds will always be welcome.
- Toilet paper – obviously.
Angela from Food Storage and Survival suggests we include:
- First-aid kit, bandages and hydrogen peroxide
- Vinegar, hand sanitizer and an emergency toilet
- Toothbrushes and toothpaste
- Insect repellent
- Assorted paper products from plates and napkins to paper towels and tissues
- Clothesline, clothes pins and a large bucket for washing
- Tent, sleeping bags and plastic sheeting or foam pad
- Alternative season clothing like gloves and hats
- Sewing supplies for mending
- Battery powered radio or two-way radios
- Hand tools like hammer, saw, wrenches and screwdrivers
The list goes on and on. We also need to think about multiple uses for everyday items. What's on your list?
Billie Nicholson, editor
May 2015
Young Women's Group Gets Sun Oven® Cooking Lesson
Our Young Women's group planned a "Tea" for their moms. Solar cooking was one of the lessons required for their preparations for Girls Camp coming up later this summer. So they decided they could learn how to bake the cookies planned for dessert in a solar oven. Robert and I set up the Sun Oven® to pre heat while the girls mixed the cookie dough and took turns spooning it onto the parchment paper covered baking racks. By the time everyone had eaten finger sandwiches and yummy potato salad, the cookies were ready to serve with a scoop of vanilla ice cream. "It gets a lot hotter than I expected," said one of the young ladies. There were no leftovers.
Billie Nicholson, editor
May 2015
Clean Up Mold and Mildew
Do you have a problem with mold and mildew in your home? What can clean up mold and mildew without using harsh chemicals? Some natural household items can be used to clean up the moldy mess, but first determine what is causing the problem. Check for plumbing leaks around water pipes, waste lines, ice-maker lines or spigots. Remember that water can run in any direction. You may need to extend your search to exterior building leaks. Look for leaks in the wall or roof, vents, window wells or for downspouts emptying near the foundation. Even badly sealed ductwork could be the problem. Warm, moist air condenses and forms water on ducts carrying cold air. The condensation is a sign the that the duct is not insulated or is missing a vapor barrier. Moisture forms anywhere warm air escapes. Eventually the water saturates insulation and drywall and mold spores, which are everywhere, begin to grow. Once you've located and repaired the water problem, it's time to clean up the mess.1
The following common household ingredients can be used to get rid of mold and mildew.
- Use Baking Soda to remove odors from closets, bathrooms and refrigerators.
Recipe: Mix baking soda and water to form a paste in a ratio of 1:1. Apply the paste to the affected area and let it dry. Scrub with a small brush and wipe away any cleaning paste remaining.2 To remove mildew from your plastic shower curtain or liner, put it in your washing machine with two bath towels on the gentle setting. Add 1/2 cup baking soda to your detergent during the wash cycle and 1/2 cup vinegar during the rinse cycle. Let it air dry.
- Use White Vinegar undiluted.
Spray distilled vinegar on the mold satins using a spray bottle. If the stain persists mix a little baking soda and a little elbow grease. Leave the surface to dry.
- Use Tea Tree Oil
Recipe: Add one teaspoon of tea tree oil to one cup of water. Mix well and pour into a spray bottle. Mist the mixture onto the surfaces that have been tarnished by mold and wipe the surface clean.
- Use Grapefruit seed extract
Recipe: Add 10 drops of grapefruit seed extract to a cup of water. Mix well and using a spray bottle, mist the affected area. Wipe and allow to dry.
- Use Lemon Juice
To get rid of mildew on clothes, make a paste of lemon juice and salt; rub into the affected area, then dry the clothes in sunlight. This works well on rust stains, too.3
Restoration contractor and Do It Yourself television personality Mike Holmes says, "It's about healthy homes. We know mold can reduce indoor air quality, and poor air quality affects our health."4 He recommends a product called Concrobium Mold Control. Have you tried it?
Billie Nicholson, editor
May 2015
- http://www.familyhandyman.com/cleaning/mold-and-mildew/10-tips-for-mold-and-mildew-removal
- http://plantcaretoday.com/5-natural-ways-treat-household-mold-mildew
- html http://www.rd.com/home/mildew-cleaning-solutions/#ixzz3Zr5Ukl6c
- http://www.concrobium.com/gonna-call-concrobium-mold-control/
An Adventure with Celery, Peppers and Onions
Robert Nicholson
A few weeks ago I was dabbling around the kitchen close to dinnertime. I noticed that our garden had produced an abundance of fresh vegetables that were begging to be used. Out of the refrigerator came lots of celery, green peppers and onions (CPO). These chopped vegetables mixed with ground beef, spices and fresh breadcrumbs, made a tasty meat loaf that everyone enjoyed.
In my chopping fervor, I created lots of extra chopped CPO. In the past when we had extra salsa, pesto, or tomato paste, the extra was frozen for later use. Could CPO be frozen in the same way? Let's experiment.
I first par-cooked the CPO in a skillet with a small bit of olive oil. When the CPO was cool I brought out a muffin pan, covered it with a sheet of plastic wrap, and depressed the muffin area with my hand. I then placed a lump of par-cooked CPO in each spot. A second sheet of plastic wrap was placed on top and the muffin pan was placed in the freezer. The plastic wrapped, frozen CPO was divided into individual sections and stored in a zip bag. The bag was marked with the contents and a reference date.
One morning while fixing breakfast I retrieved one of my frozen CPO packets, unwrapped it and popped it into a moderately warm skillet. Within just a few minutes, with the addition of eggs and cheese, a delicious omelet was ready for our family.
We have now added CPO to the list of basic portion control ingredients that we store in our freezer for later use. The next experiment will be to see how long it stores and remains edible. I'll let you know.
Billie Nicholson, editor
May 2015
Disaster Plans for Pets
When preparing for an emergency situation, don't forget to make plans for any family pets. Just like any other family member, pets are your responsibility, too. Here are some ideas to help you create your disaster plan to care for their basic needs.
- Don't wait until the last minute, start your plan now. Make sure your pet is wearing a collar and identification tag that is up to date and visible at all times. Getting a micro chip inserted will greatly increase your chance of being reunited should your pet get lost. If your pet is adopted from a shelter or rescue organization, make sure the registration has been transferred to you. Add your cell phone number to the tag as well.
- Put together a disaster kit to include:
• Food and water for at least 5 days, bowl, and a manual can opener if you are packing canned pet food. Keep an extra gallon of water on hand to use if your pet has been exposed to chemicals or flood waters and needs to be rinsed.
• Medications and medical records stored in a waterproof container and a pet first-aid kit and book.
• Cat litter box, litter, scoop and garbage bags to collect all your pet's waste.
• Sturdy leashes, harnesses and carriers to transport pets safely and to avoid run-aways.
• Current photos of you with your pets and a written description to help others identify them.
• Written information about your pet's feeding schedule, medical conditions and behavior issues along with the name and contact information for your veterinarian in case you have to board or put them in foster care.
• Grooming items, newspapers or paper towels for clean ups.
- Find a safe place to stay. Be sure to check your local shelters and select ones that allow for pets. This includes checking with hotels and motels that might be along your evacuation route.
- Plan for your pets in case you're not home or can't get there by asking a trusted neighbor or nearby family member or friend to take your pets and meet you at a specified location.
- If you must wait out a storm at home, decide on a safe area of your home where you can all stay together. Pet-proof the area. Bring your pet inside as soon as local authorities announce trouble is coming. Put all your emergency supplies in your safe-room. Stay inside until the "all clear" sign.
- Following an emergency event don't allow your pets to roam loose. They can get disoriented, lost or hurt in some situations.
- Be aware of the dangers high temperatures can cause for your pets. Heatstroke can be fatal. Apply cold towels to pet's head, neck and chest; let her lick ice cubes and go to the vet immediately.
Billie Nicholson, editor
May 2015
Creating a Sustainable Farm
At the edge of a sparsely developed neighborhood in Milton, Florida, you'll find Ray and Wanda Davis' "Clear Creek Farm." When they decided to retire from their original careers, they thought it would be fun to try their hand at farming as a way to maintain activity and to grow their own food. Their 30 acre property, just west of a Naval Aviation Training base and backing up to a land preserve, has hills, flood plains, hardwood and pine forest areas and is bisected by Clear Creek as it winds its way to the Blackwater River.
From the property description, you can imagine, there are lots of ecosystems, but level fertile ground is missing. Ray and Wanda accepted these challenges to create their version of a Sustainable Farm. Here are some of the techniques they use.
One of the first problems to be addressed was controlling run-off and erosion. They created a series of terraces and concrete drainage streams, including a pool. Square foot garden beds and narrow long beds were built on the terraces. Trees cut down on the farm as they cleared areas were milled into lumber that they use to make the long beds. Tree height determined the bed length.
To extend the growing season and protect some delicate plants during the winter months, they have built high tunnel (hoop houses). Ray also has some hydroponic lettuce beds where he grows individual lettuce plants in a nutrient rich liquid supported by styrofoam.
All plant material that is left after harvesting is tossed into compost bins built from throw away pallets lined with hardware cloth and tied together with zip-ties. They use straw and shredded paper as the carbon component and toss in a shovel full of manure to keep it "hot."
Solar panels installed on the farm buildings generate electricity for farm use as well. As a result of their hard work, farm tours, plant sales and consultations provide additional income. Now that's sustainable.
Photos RustyBuggy.com
Billie Nicholson, editor
May 2015
Tips to Prepare for Blackouts!
The National Preparedness Community
What is a Power Grid?
The power grid consists of a set of large power plants connected together by wires. It works well as a power-distribution system because it allows for energy sharing. Interestingly, there is no storage in the system. As power is demanded by consumers, that same amount is generated and distributed. This works great until there is a failure in part of the system that other parts can't fill in. Then they fail and a domino effect leaves a large area in the dark.
Follow these tips to be prepared for a blackout:
- Practice energy conservation measures to reduce electricity usage, acquire flashlights and batteries, solar lights, candles or oil lamps for lighting & alternative cooking devices (like a Sun Oven®.)
- Always have a large cooler and a supply of ice on hand. Fill plastic containers with water and store them frozen. Leave space for expansion. These can be used to keep food chilled and then as drinking water when they have thawed.
- Store additional containers of water for long term use. One gallon per person per day is recommended.
- Create a general emergency preparedness kit with a first-aid kit, personal hygiene items, flashlights, copies of important documents, emergency contact telephone numbers, etc. Include extra medicines.
- Keep your car gas tank at least half full at all times.
- Keep a key to your house with you if you regularly enter from your garage, because the electric door opener will not work.
- Keep any generator activity well ventilated to avoid CO poisoning.
Billie Nicholson, editor
May 2015
- http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/power.htm
- "Blackouts." Ready America.http://www.ready.gov/america/beinformed/blackout.html
- Brain, Marshall. "How Power Grids Work." HowStuffWorks.http://www.howstuffworks.com/power.htm
- "Power Outage Checklist." American Red Cross.http://www.redcross.org/portal/site/en/menuitem.86f46a12f382290517a8f210b80f78a0/?vgnextoid=4b0d6b9128c2b110VgnVCM10000089f0870aRCRD&vgnextfmt=default
Enjoy the Luxury of a Warm Shower
The SOLAR SHOWER is a great addition to emergency preparedness supplies during times when power or water access is limited. Fill it with water and hang it in the sun for about three hours. You'll have 5 gallons of warm water using the sun's energy. When placed outdoors in the direct sun, the matt black container absorbs the sun's light energy and converts it into heat. Learn how to use it before you need it.
Camping fever will soon be hitting every neighborhood. Do you like to "rough it" and live in the wild, miles from civilization? After a couple of days do you yearn for the luxury of a warm shower to take off the grime? Now you can have both, the solitude and a warm shower. The SOLAR SHOWER is perfect for all your washing needs.
Constructed of durable PVC, with an easy filling cap and a sturdy carrying/hanging handle, it is perfect for all your washing needs. The handy on/off valve is connected to a shower-head for easy access allowing you to control how much or how little water you use.Once heated, the water in the SOLAR SHOWER will stay warm for another three hours after the sun goes down.
- Capacity: 5 gallons
- Dimensions: 20 x 16 inches
- Weight: 14 ounces (empty)
Learn More
Benefits of Chia Seeds
More than a Chia Pet
Do you remember the television ads for ceramic characters covered in green leaves? Sold only during the holidays, these seed sprouting kits must be the gift for the person that has everything. Chia seeds, surprisingly, are one of the healthiest foods on earth and are considered an amazing superfood.
Chia seeds come from a member of the mint family, Salvia hispanica L. They are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, protein, calcium, antioxidants and are one of the richest known sources of dietary fiber. They can be consumed whole or ground and mixed with other grains into bread or added to smoothies for increased creaminess. Gluten free, chia can be part of a diet for those sensitive to gluten containing grains, like wheat. When you mix chia with water a gel is created. (Wet chia seeds remind me of tadpole eggs.) This works well as an alternative to eggs in baked goods.1 Mix 3 Tbs. warm water with 1 Tbs. ground chia seeds. Let stand 5-10 minutes.2
Chia – an ancient grain
Chia was one of the most important crops for the ancient Aztec and Mayan cultures long ago. They continue to be a food staple for the Tarahumara Indians, a Mexican tribe of super athletes, living deep in Mexico's remote Copper Canyon. Known as "the running people" and the subject of the book Born to Run, they run 50 to 100 miles at a time just for the fun of it. Chia seeds and pinole (roasted corn cake) are the two staples of their diet.3 The Indians prize chia seeds for their ability to provide sustainable energy. One ounce (28 grams) or 2 Tbs. of chia seeds contains:4
- Fiber: 11 grams
- Protein: 4 grams
- Fat: 9 grams (5 of these are omega-3s)
- Calcium: 18% of the RDA (recommended daily allowance)
- Manganese: 30% of RDA
- Magnesium: 30% of RDA
- Phosphorus: 27% of RDA
Easy to incorporate into your diet, they can be added to anything, don't need to be ground, they can be eaten raw, soaked in juice, added to porridges and puddings, or into baked goods. Chia seeds added to any recipe will dramatically boost the nutritional value. These seeds keep on the shelf for up to two years. The high quantity of healthy antioxidants act like a natural preservative, preventing them from going rancid. Chia seeds should be in every bug-out bag. Try it you'll like it.
1. http://www.motherearthnews.com/natural-health/7-surprising-benefits-of-chia-seeds-zbcz1504.aspx
2. http://www.naturalhealthadvisory.com/daily/natural-health-101/5-simple-substitutions-for-egg-and-dairy-free-recipes/?mqsc=M2013EN
3. http://www.nomeatathlete.com/tarahumara-pinole-chia-recipes/
4. http://authoritynutrition.com/11-proven-health-benefits-of-chia-seeds/
Recognizing the Symptoms of a Stroke
A stroke occurs when oxygen and vital nutrients carried in the blood is cut off from the brain. According to the American Stroke Association, nearly 700,000 Americans suffer strokes each year. Nearly 25% of those victims die. There are two reasons – in one, called an ischemic stroke, a blood vessel in the neck or brain is blocked by plaque or a blood clot. This makes up over 80% of strokes. The second reason known as a hemorrhagic stroke involves a blood vessel bursting or leaking. 1
A stroke is a serious medical emergency. The victim has only 2-6 hours to stop permanent brain damage. Getting to a hospital as quickly as possible is critical.2 Don't take time to drive there. Call 911 immediately. AN EMT can begin administering aid on the way to hospital. if you recognize any of these symptoms. For each minute the blood flow to the brain is blocked, 1.9 million neurons are lost.3 This could affect a persons speech, mobility and memory.
- Sudden Confusion or difficulty speaking or understanding – ask the victim to repeat the following: "You can't teach and old dog new tricks." Slurred words, using the wrong words or an inability to speak are symptoms of a stroke.
- Sudden numbness or weakness of face, arm or leg, especially on one side of the body – often an affected limb on the opposite side of the body from where the stroke occurred will go numb, feel weak or be unable to move. Stretch out both arms with palms up for 10 seconds. If one arm drifts down, that indicates muscle weakness. Also with eyes open, lift one leg at a time.2
- Sudden trouble seeing with one or both eyes – blurred vision of loss of vision in one eye or double vision are not readily recognized as a stroke symptom.
- Sudden trouble walking, loss of balance, or dizziness – don't confuse these symptoms with inebriation or the flu.
- Sudden severe headache with no known cause – women are more likely to have a headache with stroke than men. Don't hesitate to ask for an MRI in the emergency room.
- Droopy face – if one side of the face appears to be sagging or doesn't move, ask the victim to smile, stick out his/her tongue or show teeth. The weakness will be obvious.
Strokes are the number 4 cause of death in the U.S. In addition, they are a leading cause of severe long term disability. Don't hesitate to get help immediately and don't let the stroke victim over-rule a decision to call 911. The American Stroke Association has shown that administering a clot-busting drug within three hours of the first symptoms, reduces long-term disability for nearly 90% of all cases.4
1. It's a Disaster … What to do about Strokes, pg. 207 http://www.itsadisaster.net/
2. http://www.health.com/health/gallery/0,,20719000,00.html
4. https://www.goredforwomen.org/about-heart-disease/symptoms_of_heart_disease_in_women/symptoms-of-a-stroke/
April 2015


text:
Kurt Atterberg (1887-1974): Orchestral Works, Vol. 3 - Symphonies nos 1 & 5 'Sinfonia funebre' / Gothenburg SO, Jarvi
1 Super Audio CD / Chandos Records / 2015-06-30Works: Kurt Atterberg: Symphony no 1 in B major, Op. 3; Symphony no 5 in D minor, Op 20, "Sinfonia Funebre"
Conductors: Järvi, Neeme
Ensemble: Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra
Neeme Järvi and the Gothenburg Symphony continue their Kurt Atterberg symphony survey. The late-Romantic Symphony No.1 (1909-11, rev. 1913) was written during his student days...continue...
Recording information: Concert Hall, Gothenburg, Sweden (2014-02-05_2014-02-06&2015-)....continue...
read more Login or Create an Account to write a review