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When I was a kid, I was beyond skinny. I was a beanpole, a stick, a rail of a boy who could eat and eat and still be blown over by a strong March wind. Calories weren't my problem. In fact, calories meant one thing to me: "fat people." In my partial view of reality, the only people who talked about calories were "fat people." March forward a few too many decades, and I'm talking about calories, and I'm one of those "fat people." Maybe you are too? We're all fat now, from what I read ...
For centuries dogs have been called man's best friend. Many of us either have dogs as pets or remember with fondness the years that we did. Perhaps it is because in most cases the dogs seem to think a lot more of us than we are really worth. A dog can be a great example of unconditional love. The other day I found a whole new reason to give this title of "best friend" to a dog.
Today is the day that tradition has set aside in our nation as the day we honor our fathers. Though there is no clear history on the day. When we look at the time line, the day came into existence after Mother's Day was first observed.
Carolyn and Loring Burgess have been happily married for 50 years, as of June 5, 2015. Loring Burgess is retiring from Lithonia Lighting in 1995 and is now the owner of Burgess Hauling Garbage Service.
How excited you were when summer approached and you were going to be out of school? Summer vacation meant for most of us not having to go to bed as early and sleeping in a little later in the morning. You may have memories of summer camps, of cousins coming to visit or you visiting them; you may remember Vacation Bible School or family reunions; there were for many fun trips to the beach or lake; it was a time for homemade ice cream or watermelon. For some it meant going barefooted a whole lot more than during the school ...
We live in sealed houses, ride in sealed cars, shop in sealed stores and generally live our lives isolated from the ugly, mean, cruel outdoors. We love our air conditioning, and our air filters, and those little dispensers that spray nice smelling air into our lives, but we might as well be on Mars, ensconced in a terrarium just like some fancy turtle that can do long division. If we claim our lives "are a zoo," is it any wonder? We've built an indoor zoo and we live there year 'round, caged for our own protection.
The first 12th grade class to graduate from Newton County High School (Class of 1952) celebrated its 63rd class reunion at Burnt Pine Plantation on May 23. Forty-three members, out of a class of 111 are now deceased and they were remembered at the reunion with individual white roses placed into a large floral arrangement. There were 18 class members and nine spouses present at the reunion. Class members who attended are: left to right, June Moore Camp, Thomas Jay, George Barnett, Earl Stallworth, Alton Ewing, June Parnell Savage, Bob Capes, Peggy Cofer Sailers, Peggy Piper Madden, Cornelia Dial KitchensJ ...
As May has come to an end, we also have come to the end of the season for commencements. Whether a child is finishing pre-school or a young adult is graduating from high school or college, it seems like the whole world is graduating as summer approaches.
Okay. I know shampoo isn't a sentient product with a mind of its own, so we can both agree that any statement about it lacking "trust" is just poetic license. Well, I'm fine with that because I've always wanted to be a poet, and I wondered where the licensing bureau was. Now, back to the shampoo. My fancy shampoo has a little electronic tag on it that says it's being "protected." The store that sold it to me most likely put the little tag on it so no one could stick the big bottle of coconut ...
Two Newton County students won visual art scholarships recently through Southern Heartland Arts, Inc.
In the middle part of the 20th century some of the business and community leaders came together to form the Covington/Newton County Chamber of Commerce. The purpose of the chamber is to bring the business and professional community together to work for the common good of our area. Through the Chamber there is a unified voice to address the concerns of the economic community.
All around are stones. The buildings are mason-crafted from sandstone. Many of the street walks are cobbled in smooth rock. And the land of Edinburgh is itself a mass of stone, a fortress of a city spied upon by the castle at the heights. This is Scotland's capital, and it's been my temporary home for a week after an overnight sleeper train from London. E dinburgh is Scotland, and Scotland has been a mystery all my life, until now. It's not that I have decoded all of Scotland's mysteries; it's just that the land and ...
The tradition of observing Mother's Day in our land all started in a small Methodist Church. The year was 1907. On the second Sunday in May, a special service was held in the Methodist Episcopal Church in Grafton, West Virginia, organized by Anna Jarvis in honor of her mother who had died on May 9, 1905.
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If AMC's horror-thons aren't enough to get those "I'm to scared to get up and see if that's a coat hanging in my closet or the guy with the hook in 'I Know What You Did Last Summer'" juices flowing then there are plenty of movies on Netflix that will. There are more terrible horror movies than there are good ones and Netflix has a full slate of don't-watch-these-unless-you're-drunk-and-want-to-laugh horror flicks. So, instead of listing those movies here are some you should avoid.
Through the Camera
The Covington Elks and Elkadettes have been helping out at the Newton County Food pantry this year. They have been stocking the shelves with different food items that are brought in by other groups. Food items like canned vegetables, boxes of rice, baby foods and cereals.They help sack the food items for each family that comes in that needs food. It has been a very worth while project and makes you appreciate how fortunate you are to have food and a place to live. The Elks and Elkadettes have put in about 70 hours just this pass August helping ...
My club lady with a vengeance friend has dragooned me again into doing something. I am to be a story teller at Scary Tales and Trails. I think I was the first one she called when she decided she needed story tellers, and I agreed without thinking it over much. After all, I told and acted out stories every day while I taught school. Greek myths, legends of King Arthur, Shakespeare. Anything to amuse the masses. You have to be part ham to teach school.
For those of us, who subscribe to Netflix and/or Amazon Instant Video the beginning of the month brings a new slate of material to binge-watch or not to watch at all, even when you're drunk, or lonely, or both. The month of October offers up a bunch of new movies to stream, as well as TV series to start or continue. Here's the binge-worthy for the month of October.
Have you ever thought we live in a world where often our possessions possess us. The recent release of a new IPhone demonstrated the desire of many to have the newest and latest. The forever multiplying amount of stuff we have demonstrates our weak ability to make critical choices. This is a growing trend in our world. If you look inside the beautiful houses in Covington's historical district, you will notice how much less storage there is as compared to home built in today's world. There were fewer closets and those few were much smaller. And furthermore there ...
The once outdoor cat that my husband invited inside has become quite a prima donna.
All of us from time to time nowadays feel a certain element of stress. I found a way to relieve mine this past week as Molly, myself and our granddaughter traveled up to the fabled Fox Theater and caught the current production of Mamma Mia.
The Southern Heartland Art Gallery is hosting its annual Artful Harvest judged art show throughout much of September.
One of the first columns I wrote was about my husband and his love of kitchen gadgets. He hasn't changed his ways.
The Pilot Club of Covington welcomed its partner in education for 2014-15 to its monthly meeting in August.
The Rotary Club of Covington hosted District Governor William E. Strickland III at its weekly meeting Tuesday.
I killed my cell phone (it was a dumb phone) by washing it in the washing machine. It was in my pants pocket, and I forgot. The bad thing is this is the second time that I have done that.
I was on the phone with my sister this week. We usually talk at least once a week unless either of us feels very strongly about a Jeopardy question or answer and has to call the other about it. Then we talk more often. We especially like to brag if we knew final Jeopardy and none of the contestants knew it.
I am sure most of you saw the picture in The Covington News of the large tree limb which fell into Floyd Street recently. The limb is gone and so is the tree and another large tree that was in the same yard. Every time I drive down Floyd Street and pass where those trees were I get a jolt. It just doesn't look right. It's like buying a new piece of furniture. Every time you enter the room that piece of furniture jumps out at you. The empty space where those trees were just jumps out at ...
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Holmes rules for Brumbies
Fly-half has a debut to remember
By Tony Curtis - Follow me on Twitter: @SkysportsTC. Last Updated: 18/05/12 4:24pm
Zack Holmes was the star of the show as the Brumbies recorded a 37-25 win over the Hurricanes.
Holmes racked up 22 points, including the crucial fourth try, as he had a starting debut to remember.
Fotu Auelua, Sam Carter and Michael Hooper also scored as the Brumbies fought back brilliantly from being 25-13 down.
The Hurrianes had scored tries through TJ Perenara (2), Victor Vito and Jeffery Toomaga-Allen - however a disappointing day with the boot was to cost them.
Andre Taylor, who did add one conversion and a penalty, and Beauden Barrett missed a number of chances between them to let the visitors off the hook.
Holmes had no such problems and he opened up his account with an early penalty before adding the extras when Auelua powered over from close range after eight minutes.
Livewire scrum-half Perenara hit back for the Hurricanes, though, as he sniped over down the blindside after a textbook catch and drive from the pack.
Holmes and Taylor exchanged penalties but it was the Hurricanes who moved into the lead when a superbly crafted move off a scrum saw Vito crash over. Taylor added the extras.
That saw the home side lead 15-13 at the break - and they must have thought it was game over when they struck twice in quick succession after the interval.
First Perenara put the Hurricanes in control after an excellent finish - the 19-year-old showing brilliant vision from the base of the ruck to leave the Brumbies defence trailing in his wake.
And although Holmes reduced the deficit with a penalty, Toomaga-Allen made an immediate impact off the bench for the home side when he burrowed his way over.
However the Hurricanes were made to pay for switching off when Scott Fardy broke through some weak tackling, with the lock finding Carter with the scoring pass. Holmes converted.
And worse was to follow for the Hurricanes as they coughed up possession from their own scrum, with Hooper driving over to put the Brumbies in front. Holmes again added the extras.
Missed tackles then allowed Holmes to cap a superb display with the bonus point try - with the fly-half also adding the conversion.
Super Rugby
Sat 4th Jul - Final
Hurricanes14 - 21Highlanders

subset: commoncrawl


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VIEWS: 3 PAGES: 3 CATEGORY: Business POSTED ON: 4/1/2013 Public Domain
In 2012, the global tire market size approximated USD185.8 billion, up 2.6% from a year earlier. The estimation shows that the growth rate in 2013 will be no more than 0.5%.
2013 Global and China Tire Industry In 2012, the global tire market size approximated USD185.8 billion, up 2.6% from a year earlier. The estimation shows that the growth rate in 2013 will be no more than 0.5%. In 2012, the global tire shipment reached roughly 1.461 billion units, of which, the OE tire for PLT use grew by 6%, for RT use dropped by 4%, for CV declined by 5%, and the RT tire decreased by 4%. In Europe, the shipment of OE tire for PLT use dived by 4%, and that of RT tire dropped by 10%, for CV declined by 4%, and the shipment of RT tire slumped by 10%; in North America, the shipment of OE tire for PLT use increased by 16%, that of RT tire declined by 2%, OE tire for CV surged by 2%, and the shipment of RT tire dropped by 2%; in Asia, the shipment of OE tire for PLT use grew by 11%, and that of RT tire rose by 2%, OE tire for CV declined by 9%, and the shipment of RT tire decreased by 6%; in South America, the shipment of OE tire for CV dropped by 30% as a result of the sluggish economic situation in Brazil. In spite of sluggish market, the tire enterprises have enjoyed excellent performance, due to the fact that the cost of NR and SR, which are raw materials of tire industry, took a sharp decline. By the way, NR and SR make up around 50-60% raw materials cost of tire industry. In 2011- 2012, the new NR capacities poured into the market, leading to continuing fall of prices. In 2012Q2, the NR was priced at USD5,225/ton, while the figure in 2012Q4 dropped to USD2,998/ton, down 43%; in 2011Q3, SR was priced at USD4,021/ton, while the figure in 2012Q4 declined by 18% to USD3,309/ton. Due to the market demand at low ebb as well as the oversupply of NR, there is little possibility that the prices will rebound. And it is estimated that the prices in 2013 will linger at a low level or even see further drop. In 2012, the global tire enterprises saw a substantial increase in profit. And the gross profit of 41 Chinese tire companies surged by 62.8%. The increase of profit enabled global tire enterprises to stage an investment upsurge amid the market downturn which features relatively low investment cost. In order to get closer to raw materials bases and to cut down cost, Southeast Asia has become the first choice for industrial players. Buy a copy of this report @ http://www.reportsnreports.com/reports/231683- global-and-china-tire-industry-report-2012-2013.html Report Details: Published: March 2013 No. of Pages: 178 Price: Single User License: US$2500 Corporate User License: US$3900 The report highlights the followings: Global Automobile Industry and Market China Automobile Market Global Tire Market and Industry China Tire Market and Industry 27 Tire Producers Four Japanese tire tycoons including Bridgestone, Sumitomo Rubber, Yokohama and Toyo all made investments in Southeast Asia in 2012. In particular, the first three ones made their investment in Thailand, while the last one invested in Malaysia. And the Europe-based Pirelli made the investment in Indonesia. And the Chinese counterparts are also joining in the league to invest in overseas. The initiator came to Sailun Group, followed by Hangzhou Zhongce Rubber, Triangle Tire and Linlong which established their production bases in Southeast Asia. Other investment attractions include emerging economies. Since China has an extraordinarily robust demand for luxury cars, leading European tire makers including Michelin and Continental are intensifying their investment in Greater China. In addition, Continental lavished USD71 million to take over India-based Modipuram, while Pirelli invested in Russia. Table of Contents: Chapter Seven Natural Pigment Key Manufacturers Analysis 59 7.1CHRHANSEN(Denmark) 59 7.2 San-Ei-Gen(Japan) 61 7.3 Sensient (Germany) 63 7.4 AVT(India) 65 7.5 Synthite (India) 67 7.6 D.D. Williamson(Netherlands) 70 7.7 DSM(Netherlands) 72 7.8 BASF(Germany) 75 7.9 Naturex(France) 78 7.10 Kalsec(UK) 80 7.11 Extractors (Spain) 83 7.12 Chenguang Biotech 85 7.13 BOHAO Biotech 87 7.14 Qingdao CITECH 89 7.15 Dongzhixing Biotech 91 7.16 LONGPING HIGH-TECH 94 7.17 Maker96 7.18 Luhaibao Biotech 98 7.19 Tianxu Natural Pigment 101 7.20 ZHONGDA BIOLOGICAL 103 7.21 Greenfood Biotech 106 7.22 Tianyin Shengwu 109 7.23 Huaming Pigment 111 7.24 Redstar Chemistry 114 7.25 Yunnan Tonghai 119 7.26 Zhongjin Natural Pigment 121 7.27 Yunnan Rainbow Biotech 124 Inquire for Discount on this report @ http://www.reportsnreports.com/contacts/Discount.aspx?name=231683 Contact firstname.lastname@example.com for more details.
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Adina Plastelina Bracelet with Blue Leather Strand and Pomegranate Pendant
An Adina Plastelina pomegranate pendant colored with red, blue, orange, pink, yellow, green, and purple squares hanging loosely from a blue leather bracelet. Read more
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Product Description
This Adina Plastelina bracelet can be worn for any occasion! Wear it for a special event, with a special outfit, or everyday with your casual wear. Pomegranates are a symbol of Israel, since they grow so commonly there. They are also a symbol of Judaism, as many people believe there are 613 seeds, like there are 613 commandments. Like all Adina Plastelina products, this bracelet is handmade in Israel. Choose from gold or silver for the charm and clasp.
This bracelet is a great gift for a birthday or just because!
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2-4 Business Days.Learn More
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Customers Reviews
4/5BraceletMy daughter loves it. I would say its for kids tho.Author: Susan Hollman
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hopefully over these pages we can show you some of what we offer. Our main business is providing angling trips, for all ages and abilities from 12 years upwards, in the glorious surroundings of the Pembrokeshire Coastal National Park.
Our most popular trip is the General Fishing Trip. This is suitable for all, novices and experienced anglers alike. All tackle and equipment is provided if needed. These trips are usually within the sheltered waters of the Milford Haven Waterway. 10am `till 4pm prices from £40pp, no need to book the full boat, discounts on full boat bookings. Dave the Skipper is always on hand to offer helpful, friendly advice.
Wreck/Reef fishing for Bass/Pollock and Shark fishing trips to the Celtic Deeps are also available, just phone to book and for availability.


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Nauti Times 310 East Beach Drive
From $950 / week
Description from the manager
Description from the manager
Bedrooms: 3/
Bathrooms: 2/
Sleeps: 10/
Type: House
3 Bedrooms/ 2 Baths: 1 Queen, 4 Doubles. 2 CCTV's with VCR/DVD player, books, games, puzzles, ceiling fans, fully-equipped kitchen, great ocean views. Dishwasher, washer/dryer, microwave, HVAC, no phone. Deck with furniture & screened porch with rockers. Outdoor shower with hot and cold water and large dressing area. Short walk to the public beach access. Nightly rentals available with a 3 night min off season only. Also off season monthly rental.
Additional amenities include: non smoking unit, nightly reservations available, shell amenities, off season monthly, dogs allowed (june - august), outside shower.
About the manager
About the manager
Oak Island Accommodations
Oak Island Accommodations
- Response rate: 45%
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Overall rating:
3.9 / 5.0
Nauti Times 310 East Beach Drive Oak Island, North Carolina
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If you are hit by an uninsured driver – even if that driver bravely runs away and is never traced, you are entitled to claim, here's what to do
Scientists say the problem is especially bad for PTSD sufferers and the condition should be treated as a physical as well as mental one
You'd be forgiven for thinking it was the mark of a grammar pedant, but it's actually much more meaningful
Canadian singer Avril has been very unwell but what exactly caused it?
The study identifies greater risk of bone disease among female cardiovascular patients, suggesting there is a link between the two conditions
A trumpet player who worked on musical Chicago with the late Bernie Nolan, they became known as The Chemo Sisters
The actress, who plays Liz McDonald, suffered a breakdown eight years ago and hopes the plotline of screen son Steve's mental illness will raise awareness
The heatwave in July 2013 claimed nearly 800 lives in England and Wales, according to official figures
Emma is just 36 and is a busy mum of three children. Her secondary breast cancer has spread to her bones - but she hasn't got time to curl up in a ball and cry
Out of a poll of 2,000 adults, commissioned by Siemens, 63 per cent confessed to 'ignorance is bliss' attitude to their health
If you're reading this at arm's length without spectacles or scrunching up your to see the words, it might be time to see the optician!
From sunburn to moles and using your phone on the beach
Conquer your fear once and for all with tips from the experts
Problems arise because fans continue to wear the keepsake for months as a fashion item, allowing germs to grow and spread
The shocking figure is double what it was a decade ago while alcohol-related deaths raise by 10% over the same period
Michelle had never heard of the term, but the effects it had on her baby and her mental health were devastating
The Mirror


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Chicken Tostada Salad
Dress these salads with your favorite Mexican flavors. We like tomato, avocado, red onion, and cilantro, but you can also add salsa, sour cream, or taco sauce to the mix.
Total Time:
Level: Moderate
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- 4.00 corn tortillas
- 3.00 tsp. extra-virgin olive oil
- 0.75 c. grated Monterey Jack cheese
- 0.50 small red onion
- 0.50 tsp. chili powder
- 1.00 clove garlic
- Breast meat from 1 rotisserie chicken
- Coarse salt
- ground pepper
- 1.00 tbsp. fresh lime juice
- 1 tsp. fresh lime juice
- 0.50 head romaine lettuce
- 1.00 tomato
- 1.00 avocado
- fresh cilantro
- Preheat oven to 400 degrees F. Lightly brush both sides of tortillas with 2 teaspoons oil and place on a rimmed baking sheet. Bake until golden and crisp, 10 minutes. Divide cheese among tortillas and return to oven. Bake until cheese is bubbling, about 3 minutes. Remove from oven and set aside.
- In a large skillet, heat 1 teaspoon oil over medium-high. Add half the red onion and cook until softened, about 3 minutes. Add chili powder and garlic and cook until fragrant, 30 seconds. Add chicken and cup water and season with salt and pepper. Cook, stirring frequently, until chicken is warmed through and water is almost evaporated, 2 minutes. Stir in 1 teaspoon lime juice and remove from heat.
- In a large bowl, combine lettuce and 1 tablespoon lime juice; season with salt and pepper. Toss well to coat and divide among tortillas. Top each tortilla with chicken mixture, tomato, avocado, remaining onion, and cilantro.
Looking for more chicken recipes? Try our collections of chicken breast recipes, chicken casserole recipes, and recipes for leftover chicken.
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Poster Mounting, Plastic Standoffs, Pizazz™ Multi-Mount™ Standoff System
Enhance the presentation and mounting of graphic materials in visually dramatic, quick change-out displays.
Is it a metallic film or overlaminate? It's both! Either way, this versatile new film is a valuable tool to take your graphics to the next eye catching level!


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463 reviews
70% would repurchase
Package Quality: 3.2
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Package Quality: 3.2
Price: $$$
INGREDIENTSSea Salt (Sodium Chloride), Sodium Laureth Sulfate, Fresh Organic Lemon Infusion (Citrus limonum), Fresh Sea Water (Aqua), Toothed Wrack Seaweed Infusion (Fucus serratus), Cocamide DEA, Lauryl Betaine, Fresh Organic Lime Juice (Citrus aurantifolia), Extra Virgin Coconut Oil (Cocos nucifera), Neroli Oil (Citrus amara), Mandarin Oil (Citrus nobilis), Vanilla Absolute (Vanilla planifolia), Orris Absolute (Iris florentina), *Limonene, *Linalool, *Benzyl Benzoate, Coumarin, Perfume
on 1/26/2014 6:01:00 AM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Sensitive, Fair, Not Sure
Hair: Brown, Straight, Fine
Eyes: Brown
so far I used it over more than a month, le me be specific it lasts for ever comes in a big black jar I liked the packing though....initially it was my holy grail but much later it stared to giving me a weird feel my hair never felt the way it felt before...they were rough hard and dull. idk may be the salt it has might have been an issue.
on 1/19/2014 1:43:00 PM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Combination, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Brunette, Other, Other
Eyes: Blue
Have done a review of this shampoo on my blog, check it out:
Love the shampoo, very clarifying and adds some volume to the hair. Smells absolutely gorgeous - so fresh and clean. Think it's quite expensive for a shampoo containing natural ingredients to be honest.
on 12/31/2013 4:04:00 PM
Age: 44-55
Skin: Oily, Fair, Not Sure
Hair: Blond, Wavy, Fine
Eyes: Blue
This isn't as cheap as drugstore shampoos, but it lasts longer and gives better results. The packaging is simple and is not a big fiddle to open in the shower, it's the closing that's hard, but it's all worth it if you want shiny,soft and smooth hair.
My hair is light brown-blonde and is long yet I only need a 2p size amount meaning if your hair is shorter you will need less or viceversa.
This product adds volume and isn't heavy on your hair or scalp, your hair feels revived and revitalised, use with the conditioner for best results.
on 11/30/2013 5:48:00 PM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Oily, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Brown, Other, Other
Eyes: Black
If your hair is matte, this product is for you. Because it softens your hair, also after using it for several times the hair looks more shiny. Whenever used, just a little amount is enough because it foams so much.It is a plentiful product, one can use it for several months. Another important thing is that it is not for daily usage as told before. You should use it alternately with your shampoo.
on 11/12/2013 2:36:00 PM
Age: 30-35
Skin: Combination, Tan, Warm
Hair: Black, Other, Other
Eyes: Black
My overall rating of this shampoo is good. I probably would buy it again from time to time, but there are many other shampoos that cost less and work better. Value for money is poor and packaging is just difficult.
The shampoo does what it says, gives body and shine to thin hair. Somehow it leaves the hair with a squeaky clean feel. The smell is strong when you open the jar, but subsides as you use it. It's a detergent like smell, but not bad at all. I actually quite like it. The product has salt crystal so I don't really scrub my scalp, for fear of the salt having a sandpaper effect.
The shampoo is mild and does not cause me to break out. I have a weird allergy where I break out on my neck and jawline, if I'm not using a good shampoo. So the shampoo is truly full of natural goodness.
There's a reason that shampoos always come in a bottle. The jar makes is difficult to scoop out the product and if you take too little, you are putting in your wet hands into the product. Also makes it difficult to use in the shower, because you have to close the jar with one hand. The jar gets slippery and unscrewing the top is difficult.
All in all, worth a try, but not HG shampoo material.
on 10/21/2013 11:09:00 PM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Combination, Fair-Medium, Neutral
Hair: Blond, Straight, Fine
Eyes: Blue
Loooove this shampoo. It's definitely different, and I put off trying it for a long time because it just seems so weird, but I'm glad I finally did! It's actually really easy to use -- wet your hair, scoop out a decent sized dollop of this, wet it a tiny bit, and massage into your hair. I kind of like the fact that this shampoo is chunky...it feels like I'm exfoliating my scalp, which is really nice! It lathers well and leaves my hair really clean, but shiny and soft at the same time (which not many shampoos can do for my oily hair!). I don't find it adds much volume like it claims to, but I use this more as a clarifying shampoo, since it really gets out grease and product build up. I definitely would not use this every day -- I think it's kind of harsh for that. I use this 1-2 times a week and it's perfect.
I had to take of one lippie for the smell though. This almost smells awesome...very clean and beachy, like the ocean. But along with that nice beachy smell is a really gross fishy scent. I had my roommates smell this and they didn't notice it, but I can totally smell a strong, fishy odor when I use this. I'm assuming it's the seaweed. Thankfully the fishy scent doesn't stick in your hair at least, but I definitely notice it when I'm lathering up and it's not pleasant.
Highly recommend for anyone with fine, oily hair! I promise this stuff is not as scary as it seems! :)
on 10/16/2013 7:29:00 PM
Age: 25-29
Skin: Acne-prone, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Blond, Other, Other
Eyes: Brown
I really like the concept of this shampoo. It smells nice, but very strong, I like the smell, but my boyfriend thinks it smells terrible. It is very drying to the hair. I would not recommend for dry or damaged hair. I can definitely tell it clarifies the hair from product buildup and is very abrasive with chunks of sea salt in the shampoo. I do not recommend for daily use since it is very drying.
on 9/30/2013 10:04:00 AM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Dry, Fair, Warm
Hair: Red, Curly, Medium
Eyes: Hazel
I have naturally curly hair and I've noticed that lately my curls have been looking lifeless and not as bouncy. My hair has also been on the oily side recently. I decided to give BIG shampoo a go and whilst in the shower I was shocked as to how straw-like/waxy/dry it made my hair feel. You definitely need a good conditioner with this shampoo. I just couple it with my American Cream Conditioner and they complement each other quite well. After I air dried my hair I noticed that my curls were a lot more defined and voluminous afterwards, which is something my hair hadn't experienced since last summer at the beach!
This shampoo lathers very well in comparison to Curly Wurly, however, I don't like the smell of this as much as the sweet coconut scent of Curly Wurly. I decided to use the two shampoos interchangeably because BIG can be quite a drying deep clean shampoo, so it would not be ideal for daily use. It's an amazing product I will definitely re-purchase, however, I don't think that will be for a while as this tub will last me a while!
on 9/29/2013 1:31:00 PM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Acne-prone, Fair, Warm
Hair: Blond, Straight, Fine
Eyes: Green
I am obsessed with this shampoo. Smells like heaven!!! And leaves my fine thin hair with more body and volume. The texture is strange and takes some getting used to. It literally feels like rubbing grains of salt in your hair but once you get a nice lather it foams up. It's wonderful. Favorite shampoo ever will keep repurchasing forever!
on 9/23/2013 4:19:00 PM
Age: 18 & Under
Skin: Combination, Fair, Neutral
Hair: Brunette, Wavy, Medium
Eyes: Brown
I love this! I have very oily roots and normal ends. This makes my hair squeaky clean and really works to get rid of all the oil. I can see how it would be very drying on dry hair though, But because mine isn't dry I use it every time I wash, which is every other day. Love the smell, it's so fresh. The texture took a bit of getting use to, but now I really like it, and it lathers up so well.
But, I have to say the whole 'big' thing doesn't work for me. I have
a lot of hair anyway so I have a decent amount of volume naturally, but found no difference in volume while using this shampoo.
That said, I'd still recommend to anyone with oily hair or for anyone who wants a deep clean every once in a while.
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text:
The present invention relates to dedicated superconductor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) RF apparatus and method of constructing the same. One Embodiment of the present invention provides an MRI breast imaging apparatus comprising an examination region, a patient support, at least one vacuum thermal isolation housing, a main magnet system, and a cryogenic system. The vacuum thermal isolation housing comprises a low vacuum space between at least one inner and an outer high vacuum enclosure. The low vacuum space hosts at least one superconductor RF coil and a heat sink assembly therein. The RF coil is in thermal contact with the heat sink assembly that is coupled to the cryogenic system through a heat pipe to achieve and maintain a desired low temperature at the superconductor RF coil. The system provides a local examination region substantially surrounded by the superconductor RF coil.
1. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) apparatus comprising: an examination region, at least one vacuum thermal isolation housing, a main magnet system for generating a main magnetic field in the examination region, and a cryogenic system integrated with the vacuum thermal isolation housing;
wherein the vacuum thermal isolation housing comprises a low vacuum space maintained at a pressure between 10−3 to 10−6 Torr, at least one superconductor RF coil, a heat sink assembly, and at least one inner and an outer high vacuum enclosures; wherein the high vacuum enclosure comprises a double wall hermetically sealed high vacuum jacket at a pressure of 10−6 to 109 Torr;
said vacuum thermal isolation housing provides at least one local examination region that is substantially surrounded by the superconductor RF coil; said low vacuum space, which is between the inner and the outer high vacuum enclosures, hosts the at least one superconductor RF coil that is in thermal contact with the heat sink assembly; said heat sink assembly is coupled to the cryogenic system through a heat pipe to achieve and maintain a desired low temperature at the superconductor RF coil.
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The present invention relates to superconductor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) apparatus and method of constructing the same.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique widely used in radiology to visualize the structure and function of a human body or a living object. Because MRI scanner is able to create excellent images of various kinds of tissues of the body, especially the soft tissue due to the water content differences in those tissues, it provides doctors useful diagnostic information pertaining all parts of the body such as nervous system, musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular system, digestive system, and urinary reproductive system. This technique is particularly advantageous for early detection and treatment of stroke, real-time observation of cardiovascular function, and diagnosis of tumors and cancer. In addition, it is an exceptional tool for orthopedic injury diagnosis and surgery for man and animal alike. It can also perform in vivo chemical analysis through spectroscopy.
During an examination, a patient's body is placed within the examination region and is supported by a patient support in an MRI scanner where a substantially constant and uniform primary magnetic field is provided by a primary magnet. The magnetic field aligns the nuclear magnetization of precessing hydrogen atoms (protons) in water in the body. Typically, there is a radio frequency (RF) coil and a gradient coil assembly within the magnet. The radio frequency coil produces an excitation frequency pulse that temporarily creates an oscillating transverse magnetization which is detected by the radio frequency coil and used by a computer system to create an image of the part of the body under examination.
To map the body precisely, magnetic field gradients is applied so that the magnitude of the magnetic field varies with location inside the examination region characteristics of the magnetic resonance signals from different locations within the region, such as the frequency and phase of the signals, can be made to vary in a predictable manner depending upon position within the region.
People have been pursuing better quality MRI imaging relentlessly since the inception of MRI in 1977. Similarly, imaging speed to minimize imaging blurring caused by patient movement or nature movement such as blood flow during imaging process is also improved. Several factors contribute to better MRI image quality in terms of high contrast and resolution. One of the critical parameter, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), determines the image quality. Increasing SNR by increasing the signal before the pre-amplifier of the MRI system is important in terms of increasing the quality of the image. SNR is defined as the power ratio of signal and noise.
In an MRI system, RF coils function as transmitters to apply magnetic field pulses that excite the nuclear (proton) spins. Meanwhile, the coils function as receivers to receive the weak free induction signal. The transmitter design is not nearly as crucial as the receiver design for achieving good image quality. In some cases, the same coil serves as both the transmitter and receiver to avoid the electronic switching between transmit and receive modes of operation (M. A. Foster, J. M. S. Hutchison, Practical NMR Imaging IRL Press Ltd. p 34, 1987). However, criteria of an ideal transmission coil conflict with those of the receiver coil. Therefore in most situations separate transmission coils and receiver coils are used in an MRI system.
One way to improve SNR is to increase the strength of the magnet as the SNR is proportional to the magnitude of the magnetic field. The magnitude of magnetic field in MRI is usually measured in the unit of tesla (T), of which 1 tesla equals 10,000 gauss. FDA (Food and Drug Administration) has limited the magnitude of magnetic field of MRI scanner to less than 4 tesla for use in medical imaging (FDA Guidelines for Magnetic Resonance Equipment Safety", Center for Devices and Raiological Health, FDA, 2002).
Another way to improve SNR is to reduce noises. Since there is an upper limitation of the strength of magnetic field for human MRI, it is more sensible to reduce noise.
Noises can be categorized to body (sample) noise created by patient's body and coil noise created by the coils.
In equation 3, the signal is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the coil and the sample; the sample noise is proportional to the volume of the sample (body) or field of view (FOV). The larger the sample is, the higher the sample noise will be. On the other hand, coil noise is a function of conductance of the coil, which is determined by materials of the coil and the temperature of the coil. (Neil Alford: "Superconducting Receive Coils for a Compact Low Field MRI System", in: Physical Electronics and Materials, http://eccel.lsbu.ac.uk/research/pem/MRI.html).
A lot of research work has been done on reducing both sample (body) noise and coil noise to improve MRI image quality. However, current art of general purpose MRI scanners have intrinsic shortcomings. A general purpose scanner has large magnets and large coils in order to scan the whole body of a patient. The large magnets provide large coverage of scanning area which is suitable for all kinds of tissue in all parts of the body. Large coils have large FOVs and create high sample noise and coil noise. In order to shorten the distance from coil to the patient's body and increase the signal strength, the coils are positioned around the patient closely, making the examination region of the scanner wrapping the patient tightly, which is often the reason of claustrophobia complaint from the patient. Most of the time, doctors are interested in examining certain organ in certain part of the patient's body using different types of the coils such as general purpose surface coil, knee coil, breast coil, head coil, spine coil, and array coil. The coils can be designed to fit to the shapes of the organs to be examined, and are positioned much closer to the organs so that the signal strength will be increased. All of the current RF coils are made of metallic material such as copper. Coils are detachable from the magnet and placed into the magnet one coil at a time to image individual organ.
A high SNR in clinic MRI imaging could be achieved by design and making better RF coils. Previous work done ("HTS Volume Coil with Improved Imaging Volume", S. Y. Chong, ISMRM, 2008) by research groups has demonstrated that SNR can be increased by as much as 300-500% using the superconductor materials, particularly the high temperature superconductor (HTS) such as YiBaCuO, BiSrTiCaO, et al. The drawback of the superconductor coil is that one has to use a bulky cryogenic subsystem in order to operate the superconductor coil. So far, all the HTS coils demonstrated are also detached from the MRI machine. In clinical applications, the superconducting coil subsystem has to be installed and detached back or forth for imaging of individual organ. With the bulky cryogenic subsystem, it is very troublesome to do the installation which limits the application. Many old designs for the general purpose scanner such as coils, cryogenic (cooling) system for the coils, the housing for the coils and the patient support are no longer suitable for the new, high performance MRI system.
One objective in accordance with the present invention is to construct a dedicated MRI imaging apparatus with a high quality superconductor imaging coil integrated with a cryogenic system to improve imaging quality.
Another objective is to provide a compact MRI imaging system with a local examination region to improve signal-to-noise ratio.
A further objective is to improve efficiency of MRI imaging procedure with a fixed coil system for patients in a clinic environment.
In particular, and by way of example only, according to an embodiment, provided is an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) apparatus comprising: an examination region, at least one vacuum thermal isolation housing, a main magnet system for generating a main magnetic field in the examination region, and a cryogenic system integrated with the vacuum thermal isolation housing. The vacuum thermal isolation housing comprises a low vacuum space at a pressure between 10−3 to 10−6 Torr, at least one superconductor RF coil, a heat sink assembly, and at least one inner and an outer high vacuum enclosures. The high vacuum enclosure comprises a double wall hermetically sealed high vacuum jacket at a pressure of 10−6 to 10−9 Torr. The vacuum thermal isolation housing provides at least one local examination region that is substantially surrounded by the superconductor RF coil. The low vacuum space, which is between the inner and the outer high vacuum enclosures, hosts the at least one superconductor RF coil that is in thermal contact with the heat sink assembly. The heat sink assembly is coupled to the cryogenic system through a heat pipe to achieve and maintain a desired low temperature at the superconductor RF coil.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed.
A more complete appreciation of the invention and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily obtained and understood by referring to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings in which like reference numerals denote like elements as between the various drawings. The drawings, briefly described below, are not to scale.
In view of the forgoing problems with conventional MRI RF systems, new designs of dedicated MRI apparatuses are needed. A dedicated MRI system requires a local examination region. According to Equation 2, when the examination volume is reduced, the noise level will be reduced. Small surface coils can achieve a higher SNR because they receive noise from a small sample volume. The disadvantage of small surface coils, however, is a limited FOV and an inhomogeneous spatial uniformity as a transmitter. Larger coils with inherently larger FOVs have the advantage of improved uniformity. It is therefore advantageous to have a two-coil system. A larger coil will be used to transmit while the superconductor coil is used as the receive coil.
Phased array surface coils have been developed to overcome the problem of decreased FOV. Phased array surface coil consists of multiple non-interacting coils, which provides a similar SNR as a small coil and an FOV associated with a larger coil (P. B. Roemer, W. A. Edelstein, C. E. Hayes, S. P. Souza, and O. M. Mueller "The NMR phased array," Magn. Reson. Med. Vol. 16, pp 192-225, 1990). Phased array extremity coils which are used for scan limbs can offer an improvement of SNR over the body coil, these coils may be employed for larger FOV imaging of the joints and spine.
Another disadvantage of surface coils is limited depth of tissue penetration, irrespective of if the coils are used alone or in a phased array. The Helmholtz pair configuration overcomes this limitation by acquiring the superficial signal from two sides of the sample (body) of interest. The penetration of two diametrically opposed coils compensates for the limited penetration of each individual coil.
In additional to reducing the volume of the examination region, the SNR ratio can be further improved by placing the RF coil as close to the body part of a patient to be examined as possible.
To further improve SNR, it is desired to select proper materials for making the coil and to reduce the temperature of the coil for increasing the conductance of the coil (reducing its resistance) and to improve SNR. Currently copper coils and superconductor RF coils are commonly used for MRI. Some studies have focused on lowering the thermal noise of copper receive coils by decreasing the operating temperature of the coil (H. C. Seton, D. M. Bussell, and J. M. S. Hutchison, "A Liquid Helium-Cooled RF Coil and DC SQUID Amplifier for MRI at 0.01 T," Proc. Soc. Mag. Reson., vol. 2, p. 959, 1995) (A. S. Hall, B. Barnard, P. McArthur, D. J. Gilderdale, I. R. Young, and G. M. Bydder, "Investigation of a whole-body receiver coil operating at liquid nitrogen temperatures," Magn. Reson. Med., vol. 7, p. 230, 1988). The power of coil noise, described as the Johnson noise, is proportional to the product of temperature and resistance. Cool the temperature of the conventional copper RF coil reduces thermal noise (Johnson noise) from the coil, and the cooled coil is called cryogenic coil which is inside a thermal isolation housing with at least one heat sink and is coupled to a cryogenic system through a heat pipe or other thermally conductive device for conduct heat away to achieve and maintain a desired low temperature of the coil.
Coils are often characterized by a quality factor (Q) which is a measurement of the amount of energy stored compared to the losses in the coil. In the case when coil-noise is dominant, the SNR is proportional to the square root of Q/T, wherein Q is the quality factor of a resonator or a coil, and T is the coil temperature. The Q value of a copper coil is usually up to a few hundred when it is operated at room temperature (300 K). In comparison, a coil fabricated from HTS (High Temperature Super conducting) material, operating at 77 K, can increase the Q value by 2-3 orders of magnitude (J. R. Miller, K. Zhang, Q. Y. Ma, I. K. Mun, K. J. Jung, J. Katz, D. W. Face, and D. J. Kountz "High sensitivity sodium receiver coils for magnetic resonance imaging" IEEE Trans. Biomedical Engineering. Vol 43, p 1997-99, 1996). It can be appreciated that a superconductor coil has much higher sensitivity resulting in a higher SNR which can be used to reduce the imaging time in the cases when a short imaging time of MRI is critical.
Therefore, a further reduction of the coil resistance is to implement superconductor material for RF coil construction. The resistance of a superconductor material is several orders lower than that of copper. Using a superconductor as the coil material is a promising way to reduce coil noise, and increase SNR. High temperature superconducting (HTS) material at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K) provides extremely low conductivity loss compared to that of conventional copper coil. Research has shown significant improvement of MRI image quality with SNR approximately improved by a factor of three due to the use of superconductor RF coils; therefore, it is believed that superconductor RF coils can offer potential applications in the area of MRI. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,943,550 and U.S. provisional application 60/537,782 disclose high temperature superconductor (HTS) RF coils for MRI imaging. And the materials for making the coils can be copper, silver, thin film or thick film YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) ect. HTS material such as YBCO, provides an extremely low resistance at a temperature below their critical temperatures (Tc, 89 K for YBCO).
An MRI breast imaging apparatus in accordance with at least one embodiment of the invention is illustrated in
The movable bed 120 can be slid on the supporting structure to load and carry a patient in and out of the examination region. The portion of the bed 122 and supporting structure 132 or most part of them which are located in the main magnetic field are made of non-metallic and non-magnetic material such as plastic.
A vacuum thermal isolation housing 150 is located proximate to the upper surface of the patient bed. The vacuum housing encloses at least one superconductor RF coil 152 which is in thermal contact with a heat sink assembly 154. A heat pipe 160 is located between the vacuum housing and the cryogenic system. One end of the heat pipe is extended into the vacuum housing and coupled to the heat sink assembly 154. The other end of the heat pipe is connected to the cryogenic system 190, which includes a heat exchanger 192, a cryocooler 194, and a compressor package 196. At least a portion of the cryogenic system is movable with the patient bed.
Several advantages of integrating the superconductor RF coils and the cryogenic system with the patient bed can be recognized. One advantage is that, when the RF coil is fixed with the bed, the coil is close to the part of the subject body to be examined. This will improve the signal to noise ratio, thereby providing a better image quality. Another advantage is to provide a reliable and efficient imaging procedure in a clinic environment. Since the coils are fixed within the bed, there is no need to install and recalibrate the coil for each patient. In addition, embedding the cryogenic system within the patient supporting system provides efficient cooling to satisfy the requirement of operating the superconductor RF coils at a temperature below the superconducting critical point.
There are, however, a number of challenges in constructing the integrated superconductor MRI system. Since the examination region is compact, it is difficult to arrange a cooling system for the superconductor RF coils. Also, the examination region is in the uniform main magnetic field, construction materials in this region have to be non-magnetic. Conventional cooling techniques are no longer suitable for the system illustrated in
The above problems are solved by the present invention. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, provided is the vacuum thermal isolation housing 150 as shown in
Referring again to
RF coil 232 and 236 are mounted on the surface of each heat sink cylinders 222 and 224 respectively. It is preferred to mount the coil on the inner surface of the heat sink cylinder in order to get the coil close to the local examination region. In order to effectively cool the superconductor coil below the critical temperature to reach the superconducting state, the coil sheet is in good thermal contact with the surface of the heat sink. The heat sink assembly 154 joints the heat pipe by a cold head 238.
The cold head 238 can be made by a copper block to provide an adequate cooling capacity to cool the superconductor RF coil. Although, a metal block in the magnetic field may cause interference, the interference is negligible when the metal block is small and the magnetic field is below 3 T.
In this configuration, the superconductor RF coil is mounted on a curved surface (on a cylinder) and it is in a good thermal contact with the heat sink. A suitable form of the superconductor coil for this application is a superconductor tape made by, for example, Bismuth Strontium Copper Oxides (BSCCO). Detailed teaching of fabricating HTS coils from HTS tape is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,943,550 and the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
In an alternative embodiment, the superconductor RF coil is made by superconductor thin film. The superconductor thin film is composed of high temperature superconductor materials such as Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide (YBCO), Thallium-Barium-Calcium-Copper Oxide (TBCCO), MgB2, or MB compound wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Be, Al, Nb, Mo, Ta, Ti, Hf, V, and Cr. Detailed teaching of fabricating HTS film coil on a flat substrate is described in Ma et al, "Superconducting MR Surface Coils for Human Imaging," Proc. Mag. Res. Medicine, 1, 171 (1999) and the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Since the superconductor film is formed on a flat surface of a lattice matched crystal, the surface of the heat sink needs to be flat.
It is advantageous to combine a low vacuum space with a high vacuum jacket for the vacuum thermal isolation housing. The hermetically sealed high vacuum jacket provides a means for an excellent thermal insulating with a minimum heat leak, yet it is compact and readily to be constructed. The low vacuum space provides further thermal isolation while hosts the superconductor RF coil. It is much convenient to select various materials suitable for the heat sink assembly and the RF coils in a low vacuum environment.
The system shown in
The basic principle and structure of the MRI apparatus shown in
In an alternative embodiment, the superconductor RF coil is made by superconductor thin film.
In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, the thermal vacuum isolation housing hosting at least one superconductor RF coil is integrated with a cryogenic system for hand or wrist MRI imaging.
In most MRI clinical applications, the operating frequency of RF coils is low, ranging from a several mega Hertz to 100 MHz. In order to obtain such a low resonant frequency, the coil should have enough inductance and capacitance. A basic RF coil circuit is formed by a superconductor conductor loop 510 with a resonating capacitor 515 connected in serial, as shown in
The superconductor RF coil or an array of superconductor RF coils is a radio-frequency transmitter, and excites a part of the patient body to emit nuclear magnetic resonance signals. The other superconductor RF coil or an array of superconductor RF coils is a receiver coil to receive magnetic resonance signals from the patient. In some design, one superconductor RF coil or an array of superconductor RF coils is a radio-frequency transmitter exciting a part of the patient body to emit nuclear magnetic resonance signals, and the same superconductor RF coil or an array of superconductor RF coils acts as a receiver coil to receive magnetic resonance signals from the patient. In this kind of design the superconductor RF coil is a transceiver coil to transmit and receive radio-frequency signals.
The RF coil can be made by superconductor tape, superconductor thick film and thin film, or non-superconductive material such as copper. However, superconducting RF coil can enable a dramatic improvement in SNR at a given field strength as described earlier. For example, at 3 T, a superconducting coil can produce image resolutions comparable to conventional systems outputting at a higher field, such as 6 T field. Alternately, superconducting coil technology can be used to lower the cost of producing a given image resolution by enabling image production with a lower magnetic field strength. For example, a lower cost 0.3 T superconducting MRI can generate images comparable in quality and resolution to those produced by a higher cost, conventional 1 T system.
In general, the direction of the static magnetic field generated by the main magnet is in parallel with the direction of the axis of the thermal vacuum isolation housing, which is in horizontal direction. The direction of the field of RF signal needs to be perpendicular to the main field.
The superconductor coils can be constructed by depositing superconductor materials on a proper substrate which is them mounted on a surface of the heat sink. When the surface of the heat sink is curved, such as a surface of a cylinder, the superconductor coils can be formed on a flexible sheet of non-metallic and non-magnetic material, such as a thin substrate of G10 or mica. The sheet is then attached to the surface of the heat sink.
The integrated MRI imaging systems described above rely on the heat pipe to bridge the cryogenic system and the heat sink. In one embodiment, the heat pipe is formed by a vacuum sleeve 240 that surrounds an elongated heat conductor 242 as shown in
The heat exchange 192 is good thermal conductor between the heat pipe and the cryocooler. The heat exchanger can also be a part of the heat pipe or cryocooler. In one embodiment, the heat exchanger is a copper container as a storage tank of working media. In an alternative embodiment, the heat exchanger is a copper block which makes good thermal conduction between the heat pipe and the cryocooler.
The cryocooler 194 is made of non- or weak-magnetic material, such as stainless steel, aluminum, copper, titanium, beryllium, and their alloys. In one embodiment, the cryocooler is a pulse tube cryogenic cooler. A pulse tube cooler is a closed system that uses an oscillating gas pressure at one end (typically produced by a compressor) to generate an oscillating gas flow in the rest of the system. This gas flow (usually helium gas) can carry heat away from a low temperature point (cold heat exchanger). The pulse tube cooler comprises a regenerator, a cold heat exchanger, a hot heat exchanger, and a pulse tube section. The regenerator is a kind of heat exchanger that provides a way to get the gas to the low temperature region with as much potential work (cooling power) as possible without carrying a lot of heat with it. The cold heat exchanger is the coldest point of the system; it is here that heat is put into the system from the load to be cooled. The pulse tube section provides a way for the gas flow to do its cooling. The hot heat exchanger is used to remove the heat carried through the pulse tube section from the cold end. A single cooler can cool from room temperature to 30 K and multi-stage systems can cool the temperature to much lower level. The amount of heat they can remove is limited by their size and the power used to drive them. The primary advantage of pulse tube coolers is that they have no moving parts in the low-temperature region. Additional advantages of the coolers are high efficiency, high reliability, small size, and avoiding the liquid refill. Although, this type of cooling system usually only reaches a temperature in the 60K range (single stage), this temperature range is suitable for superconductor RF coil materials. The cold head is made of a non-magnetic material so that it can be used inside or close to an MRI machine.
Alternatively, the cryocooler can be selected from the group comprising Gifford McMahon cryocooler, TJ cooler, sterling cooler.
The foregoing examples illustrate certain exemplary embodiments from which other embodiments, alternatives, variations, and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the invention is intended to embrace all other such alternatives, modifications, and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
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High School Football Game Marred by Atrocious (Non)Tackling
There are fewer things that drive football coaches crazier than poor tackling, so if you are one prepare for your blood to boil.
There are fewer things that drive football coaches crazier than poor tackling, so if you are one prepare for your blood to boil.
More teens are sexting—that is, passing around explicit photos and texts on their phones—but that doesn't mean they're engaging in other, riskier activities too.
Division battles are heating up, and the 2014 NFL season is nearing its halfway point. Here's a preview of this week's most interesting storylines:
The Liberian man who was diagnosed last month with Ebola, the first such case in the United States, died Wednesday morning at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital in Dallas.
Two teachers at Destrehan High School in Kenner, Louisiana, have been arrested for allegedly having group sex with an underage student.
The second annual Cattle Baron's Ball Stateline Stampede is coming to Texarkana Saturday, October 4, (7 p.m.) at Bandana Ranch to benefit the American Cancer Society. And yesterday (9/30) I had a chance to talk with Tracy Byrd on the phone.
It's the biggest show in country music, and we want to send you there.
Jamaal Charles scored three touchdowns, and the Chiefs thoroughly dominated the New England Patriots, 41-14, in Kansas City on Monday night.
Ready for some great hardcore country music with a little Texas twist then you're going to love Cody Johnson coming to the Electric Cowboy this Thursday, October 2.
A previously unbeaten team lost, and a formerly winless team tasted victory for the first time this season during the thrilling NFL action on Sunday. Here are the most interesting things we learned in Week 4:
The holiday season is right around the corner, and that means great news for country music fans. The Taste of Country Christmas Tour kicks off this November and continues its trip through Texas, Oklahoma and Louisiana into the beginning of December.
In Lower Manhattan, near the spot where the Twin Towers once stood, the reading of the names of those who died on September 11, 2001, began early Thursday morning.


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Originally written on Fox Sports | Last updated 3/23/13
Stanford senior Joslyn Tinkle would enjoy seeing a rematch with Pac-12 Conference rival California. It would mean a lot to both teams and the conference. That, however, can't come until the regional final - when the Cardinal would be looking to reach a sixth straight Final Four. Top-seeded Stanford looks to run its winning streak to 18 games Sunday when it faces No. 16 seed Tulsa in the first round at Maples Pavilion. Fourth-ranked Stanford (31-2) was given the No. 1 seed in the Spokane Region of the NCAA women's tournament. No. 6 California was awarded the No. 2 seed. "It's a fun rivalry game, they're a good team and we went at it earlier in the year,'' Tinkle said. "Sometimes if you get that far, you don't know teams that well. We're so familiar and it's great competition. It would be awesome to see that game happen again.'' Stanford and Cal tied for the Pac-12 regular-season title, with the teams splitting the season series. The Bears were knocked out of the conference tourn...
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Dinner for two! Spectacular antique PAIR of Minton 9 1/8" cabinet plates, each with a hand painted fish or aquatic motif and fantastic rich gold with raised enamel borders! Superb, I just wish we'd have been lucky enough to find ten or twelve of these beauties! Great for a curio cabinet, vitrine or wall display, they rarely, if ever, come any better than this! The richly gilded borders are speckled with raised green enamel, one could nearly call them 'jewels' in that sea of gold. The centers are a hand painted aquatic scene, each unique with fish and artist signed. Marked Minton pieces, made and marked for the New York retailer Davis Collamore & Co.. Superb, don't miss them!
Excellent condition. No chips, cracks, crazing or damage to note. Both superb, in condition and visual appeal! See pictures for measurements.
If you were the pending buyer of this item, go to My Account to view, track and check payment for this item.
Antique French sterling silver, Georgian jewelry, sewing, Black Forest, etc 17th to 19th c. European
ALL the BEST, all the time - year after year, 13 + years as #1 Most Visited ANTIQUES SHOP at Ruby Lane.


text: Hilary-Duff By September 27, 2012 12:13 PM Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Category: Share on Facebook Share on Twitter More Leave a comment Send to a friend! Print this page Pin it! Reddit This! Share on Tumblr! Best of Newstalk 860 17 Ways to Hold a Baby to Keep the Little Tykes Happy How Do Fireworks Work? Funny You Should Ask New 'Steve Jobs' Trailer: A Fascinating Look at the Late Apple CEO Tiny Hamster Fires Up the Grill for Independence Day Barbecue Recommended For You Best of the Web


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We have added the following products to your shopping cart from a previous visit:
Region: Central Coast, California
Varietal: Rosé
Alcohol By Volume: 12.5%
Item no. 123491
Our 2012 Sofia Rosé bestows a beautiful nose of strawberries, cherries, and orange blossom. Perfectly balanced with a zesty acidity and just the right amount of body, this year's rosé highlights bright, juicy fruit impressions of pomegranate, strawberries, kumquats, tea leaves and spice.
Blend: 55% Syrah, 35% Pinot Noir, 10% Grenache


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About This Listing
In the hearth of Trastevere this luxury apartment enjoys a strategic position to know fully the true nature of Rome and where you can reach all major tourist attractions of Rome by feet.
Space where guests can cook their own meals
Central heating or a heater in the listing
In the building, free or for a fee
Continuous access in the listing
Space where guests can cook their own meals
Towels, bed sheets, soap, and toilet paper
Central heating or a heater in the listing
In the building, free or for a fee
In the building, free or for a fee
Continuous access in the listing
Breakfast is provided.
The listing can accommodate a gathering of 25 or more attendees
Easy access to the building and listing for guests in wheelchairs
Private or Shared
Free, in the building or nearby
Posted emergency information and resources
The Space
This luxurious apartment is located in historic center area in the HEARTH of Trastevere, exactly in Via del Moro, 38 (few steps from S. M. Trastevere, 10min walking from Piazza Navona, Campo de Fiori, Pantheon…etc) in one of the most historical places in Rome. The apartment enjoys a strategic position to know fully the true nature of the Eternal City and where you can reach all major tourist attractions of Rome by FEET. The apartment is along a quiet side street with local shops and restaurants. From this apartment you car reach the Vatican city in 10 min walking also.
This luxurious apartment of 130 m2 is made up of a large living room with a sofa and a dining corner, a large hi-tech kitchen, a studio with a double sofa bed, a large twin bed room, a big wardrobe room, a large bathroom with bath-tub, a double bedroom with en suite bathroom with shower and a closet room. It is provided with air conditioning in all rooms, satellite Tv with sports channels, washing machine, dishwasher, telephone, Internet connection. The modern, high quality forniture, fine tapestry, high ceilings and various modern artworks complete this elegant apartment.
Guest Access
Is highly recommended to book a transfer service from the airport to the apartment, because first of all, during the transfer, the driver will be in contact with the person in charge of the Check-in order to communicate the arrival time at the apartment avoiding problems due to delays or unforeseen.
And Also, the price of the comunal TAXI, was fixed by municipal law, so from the airport to the center of Rome is 48 euro (3 people), but many taxi drivers are also asking for an extra charge for luggage or overnight charge or extra fee for public holiday or the surcharge for each person more than 3..... so...the price will become much higher.
Therefore, to avoid any "discussions" with the taxi driver I recommend the "Private Taxi Transfert".
Interaction with Guests
My answers will arrive within a few hours
The Neighborhood
This luxurious apartment is located in historic center area in the hearth of Trastevere, exactly in Via del Moro,38 (few steps from S. M. Trastevere, 10min walking from Piazza Navona, Campo de Fiori, Pantheon…etc) in one of the most historical places in Rome. The apartment enjoys a strategic position to know fully the true nature of the Eternal City and where you can reach all major tourist attractions of Rome by FEET. From this apartment you car reach the Vatican city in 10 min walking also.
Other Things to Note
I suggest the "Private Taxi Transfert" from airports Leonardo Da Vinci Fiumicino or Ciampino (Port and Train station), around 10/15 euros each person (depending of number of people) an professional driver with REGULAR LICENSE, take you and your luggage from airport exit, directly to the apartment, FAST, COMFORTABLE and ECONOMIC.
I can make the reservation for you.
Let me know these informations in below:
FLY TIME Arrival and FLY NUMBER: _______
NAME Airport / Port / Train station:________
Tel. cellular number_____________________
To make your RESERVATION you'll NOT NEED to pay nothing.
On the agreed date and time, the driver will be waiting for you outside the custom area of the airport/train station/port, holding a sign with your name in plain sight and you will pay only on your arrival to the apartment the price agreed..
During the transfer, the driver will make a call to the person in charge of the check in order to communicate the arrival time at the apartment.
PICK UP point :_________
DROP OFF point :___________
Tel. cellular number_____________
On the agreed date and time, the driver will be waiting for you outside the apartment and you will pay only on your arrival to the destination the price agreed..
To have any further information, please don't hesitate to contact me again.
CHECK-IN: The arrival time must be communicated minimum three days before. AN APPOINTMENT MUST BE MADE unless differently agreed prior to arrival. Please send your previous arrival time by e-mail to (email hidden)ease, on your arrival in Rome you must confirm 30min before your arrival time to the apartment by an SMS or calling to the person in charge of your check in. THE CHECK-IN IS NOT GUARANTEE IF YOU DON'T COMMUNICATE US YOUR ARRIVAL TIME. For early morning arrivals, clients are advises to book from the night before to guaranteed the access to their apartment before 14: on the arrival day. For arrivals after 20.00 a fee of 25 euro is requested for the check-in. For arrivals after 24.00 a fee of 50 euro is requested for the check-in. For arrivals in public holidays a fee of 25 euro is requested for the check-in.
The ordinary time access in the apartment is 14:00, but if there are no other customers on the same day the entry will be allowed in the morning.
Otherwise, on your arrival, you have to call to Mrs. Anna Claudia and ask if it's possible can leave your luggage inside the apartment and come back when the customers will be left and the apartment will be clean.
If this is not possible you can leave your luggage in the luggage storage. The nearest to the apartment is located in Via del Pellegrino 195 or in the railways station (Stazione Termini).
Check-out It's not possible later 11.30am but If there are no other customers to entry in the same day you can leave the apartment in the afternoon (max at 6.00pm) or else the time to leave is 11:00am.
11 Reviews
The apartment was as described in the listing. The location was good and close to a taxi stand which was convenient. We enjoyed our stay and the excellent local amenities. The only thing to do differently would be to ask to show us how the washer & oven worked, as those were "foreign" to us being from the U.S. Thank you, Luigi.
We are very pleased with Luigi's apartment.
The apartment is slightly smaller than the pictures show, but it doesn't mean anything. The apartment has a beautiful location with many restaurants and small stores around the corner.
A little problem was the hot water. there was no hot water for very long to bathe. We never told Luigi, so we can't blaime him, for not fixing it.
I would recommend the private transfer Luigi recommend. there were no problems ahead. incredibly satisfying! A good service.
Luigi's responses were rapid, accurate, useful and praiseworthy.
Thank you Luigi for a very nice stay
Best regards
Sara and family
This is a great place in a great part of Rome. Maurizio was very easy to work with and he did everything to make sure the apartment was perfect.
The kitchen is awesome and the bathrooms very nice. The master bedroom had some water damage on the floor near the shower, but everything worked perfectly.
After we arrived, we discovered the apartment did not have air conditioning. The weather was still cool at night so Maurizio brought us a fan to make it more comfortable. If you are traveling during the summer, you may want to ask about AC.
The third bedroom had a pull out couch so it was not as comfortable as the other rooms, but it was still great.
Dear Craig
I regret that in the days of your stay the air conditioning was doing annual maintenance. We always do at this time because the outside temperature is very mild and there is no need for air conditioning. However I am very glad that you did a great time in Rome and that you had a good stay in my apartment.
We wait for the next holiday in Rome.
Thanks for everything
Eu e minha família adoramos a localização do apartamento ! Perto de vários restaurantes ótimos, em uma região muito boa para andar à pé. O espaço foi ideal para 6 pessoas, foi uma excelente opção para nossas férias. A anfitriã nos recebeu no primeiro dia e nos deu todas as instruções, o apartamento estava muito limpo e organizado. Poderiam ser feitas melhorias nos banheiros, já que uma ducha para seis pessoas foi muito pouco, especialmente no inverno (quando precisamos de água quente).
Nice apartment. A bit short on hot water when 3 people takes a morningshower. Beside that it's well equipped spacious and centrally located.
Wir hatten eine tolle Zeit in Trastevere! Es war sehr angenehm den Transportservice zu benützen. Er hat toll funktioniert. Wir waren 5 Personen. Die Lage der Wohnung war einfach perfekt!! Danke, jederzeit wieder.
Dear Luigi, your apartment is soooooooo beautiful!
This was our dream trip with my mom (85) and my sister (who's never been to Europe) and we were very emotional to be in Trastevere on a Saturday night with the streets boiling and in such a comfortable surroundings. We opened the windows and it felt that we we're exactly where we always wanted to be: in the heart of Rome!
Claudia was a great host and so was Claudio the driver that Sandra arranged for us to be picked up from the airport and to the train.
Thanks a million for making our arrival and stay in Rome so easy and memorable. It felt like good family greeting us.
We'll come again every time we can.
This host has 117 reviews for other properties.View Other Reviews
About the Host, Luigi
Vivo insiema a mia moglie Laura nel centro storico di Roma 15 anni, ci piace molto viaggiare e per questo motivo cerchiamo di offrire quei servizi che ci piacerebbe ricevere quando siamo in (website hidden) piace la buona cucina e per questo consigliamo dei buoni ristoranti nel centro di Roma per farvi evitare di cadere nelle trappole per turisti.
I miei appartamenti sono tutti nel centro storico di Roma dove potrai raggiungere a piedi tutti i maggiori punti di interesse turistico vivendo così la magia del centro storico della Città Eterna.


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Pauly D, Deena Cortese on Snooki's Baby and the End of 'Jersey Shore'
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By Chris Gardner, with reporting by Taryn Ryder
Pauly D has some pretty major weekend plans: meeting Snooki's newborn baby for the first time!
RELATED: Nicole 'Snooki' Polizzi, Fiance Jionni LaValle Welcome Son Lorenzo!
"They called me in the delivery room and I've seen pictures of the baby, but I'm going to meet him this weekend when I'm in town," he told Wonderwall. The bronzed DJ was about to head into West Hollywood's Chateau Marmont for In Touch magazine's Icons & Idols bash following the MTV VMAs on Thursday night.
As for who "they" are, Pauly D is referring to Snooki and her fiance, Jionni LaValle, who welcomed a son, Lorenzo Dominic, on Aug. 26, in Livingston, N.J. Unlike Pauly, his "Jersey Shore" co-star Deena Cortese has already had the privilege of coming face-to-face with baby Lorenzo.
"He's beautiful," she gushed to WW. "Honestly, they look a lot alike."
Looks aside, Snooki clearly couldn't be happier with her new life as a mother. "I am SO IN LOVE with my son Lorenzo Dominic!" she tweeted shortly after delivering her first child. "HE'S MY WORLD!"
RELATED: Snooki's Blingy, Leopard Maternity Style
The statement marks a major shift for the pint-size reality star, whose world since late 2009 has been the hit MTV series that first debuted on Dec. 3 of that year. It quickly became a cultural phenomenon, and the show's stars became sought-after celebs. However, MTV announced last month that the show will debut its sixth and final season on Oct. 4.
Pauly and Deena both dished to WW about what the end means to them.
"It's a little bit of everything," relayed Pauly about the upcoming season. "What's different about it is obviously Snooki was pregnant, and [The Situation] was out of rehab, so what's cool about our show is it's reality and how we deal with it. We're used to party, party, party, so you see how differently we party this time."
"We're going out with a bang," added Deena. "Everyone is going to see how real we are, how real our relationships are with each other and our significant others -- that will take the cake."
And what about Snooki's part in all of it? "She's the fun-loving girl you know," Deena replied. "She's just not drunk this season."
RELATED: Stars Who Don't Dress Their Age
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Police: Man tries to carjack couple in church parking lot
Officers were on the scene at a local church after someone tried to carjack a couple.
Investigators: Person of interest identified in Dylan Redwine case
Investigators have identified a person of interest in the case of 13-year-old Dylan Redwine, who went missing in 2012 and whose remains were…
Albuquerque Little Ceaser's manager suspected of orchestrating armed robberies
APD arrested 29-year old Michael Herrera Tuesday.
Santa Fe Police search for 2 store robbery suspects
Santa Fe Police are looking for two crooks captured on video holding up a store.
Man accused of church bomb threats faces judge
Abelito Chavez, accused of making bomb threats against two Albuquerque churches, faced a judge Wednesday.
Durango plant thief poaches precious plants
Durango residents claim that thieves have been digging up their plants during the night.
Police seek suspects in armed Subway robbery
Police are trying to find two men who robbed an Albuquerque Subway at gunpoint and assaulted a customer in the process.
Stolen car spotted in Carlsbad, chase ends in fiery crash
Police say a stolen car from Albuquerque made it all the way to Carlsbad, and when police tried to pull the driver over, he made a run for i…
Former CNN correspondent shot after shootout in Albuquerque motel
KRQE News 13 is learning more details about a deadly shootout at an Albuquerque motel where police say a robber was killed. A former CNN anc…
Police seek help finding driver in NE Albuquerque hit-and-run
Albuquerque Police Department officials are currently investigating a hit-and-run accident involving a pedestrian.
New Mexico restaurant owners sentenced for wage violations
Two brothers who own Chinese restaurants in New Mexico have been sentenced to two years' probation for violating the federal minimum and ove…
Man accused of breaking into an Albuquerque woman's home out on bond
Anthony Balderrama is out of jail after he posted his $5,000 bond.
Attorney: Woman charged in Rio Rancho officer's murder diagnosed with PTSD
In court Monday, Tabitha Littles' attorney told the judge she was not in the right state of mind for her hearing.
Alamogordo police officer accused of pointing gun at workers
An Alamogordo police officer has been arrested for allegedly pointed his gun at rental center employees last month.
Albuquerque woman tracks down suspected burglar
An Albuquerque woman tracked down the man suspected of stealing from her home and found she wasn't the only victim.
New Mexico DA waiting for evidence in Jon 'Bones' Jones case
Johnny 'Bones' Jones is facing a felony hit and run charge after police say he ran from a crash he caused in April. The crash injured a preg…
Animal humane thrift shop captures vandal on camera
A young man was caught smashing the shop's windows in a surveillance video at 8:30 Sunday night.
Farmington police search for high school vandals
Two people were caught on surveillance cameras breaking into the high school early Saturday morning.
Roswell Police: Shooting of 17-year-old girl was an accident
Javier Harvey Salinas, 18, told officers the gun went off while he and the 17 year-old-girl were messing around with it.
Las Cruces officers plead not guilty in jail beating case
Former Las Cruces Police officers were caught on tape back in March beating a suspect.


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...Graveside services will be held Monday, June 01, 2015 at 9:00AM at Resthaven Funeral Home and Memorial Park. Online condolences may be offered at: www.resthavenfuneralhome.com.Amarillo Globe-News, May 30, 2015
...We must be willing to give up the Life we planned, so that we can live the Life yet to come. Author unknown. Online condolences may be expressed at www.mccoyfh.com.Amarillo Globe-News, April 26, 2015
...Rev. Ellis Cross officiating. Inurnment will be at a later date at Memory Gardens Cemetery, Amarillo, Texas.Online condolences can be made at www.pongerkaysgrady.com.Ponger-Kays-Grady Funeral Homes have been entrusted with the arrangements...
...Silverton, Texas to help with funeral expenses and all other proceeds will stay in fund for his two younger sisters.Online condolences may be made at www.moore-rose.com.Amarillo Globe-News, April 29, 2015
...Everything that has a beginning has an ending. Make your peace with that and all will be well."Please leave online condolences at www.memorialparkamarillo.com.Amarillo Globe-News, April 19, 2015
...staff, and Hospice of Lubbock for the loving care they provided. A special thanks to Courtney and Christina. Online condolences may be left at www.resthavenfuneralhome.com.Amarillo Globe-News, April 16, 2015
...her memory is her children, Eva Glee Binford, of Bryan, Texas and, Marty Gibson, of The Woodlands, Texas.Online condolences may be offered at: www.resthavenfuneralhome.com.Amarillo Globe-News, April 5, 2015
...survived by eleven grandchildren, twenty-seven great-grandchildren, and one great-great grandchild on the way. Online condolences may be made at www.lemonsfunerals.com.Amarillo Globe-News, March 24, 2015
...Vinson, Leah Vinson and Lillie Vinson, all of Lubbock, Texas.Donations can be sent to your charity of choice. Online condolences may be made at www.ellisfuneralhomes.com.Amarillo Globe-News, March 20, 2015
...and fishing.Ron is survived by his mother, Johnnie McKinney and his two sons, Kyle and Chris McKinney.Send online condolences to www.memorialparkamarillo.com.Amarillo Globe-News, March 9, 2015
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