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Over at Love German Books is a very interesting interview with Ross Benjamin about his translation of Kevin Vennemann's Close to Jedenew for the Melville House Art of the Contemporary Novella series.
Ross, tell us about the book . . .
It's an account of a pogrom against a Jewish family by their neighbors, who had been their longtime friends, in a fictitious village called Jedenew near the Polish-Lithuanian border during the German invasion. This horrific incident is recounted in the first-person plural — "we" — and the group of characters indicated by this pronoun expands and contracts at various points, but the point-of-view of these passages is aligned with a single female protagonist who remains nameless. During the onslaught, she and her sister Anna hide in their unfinished treehouse in the woods, where they witness the destruction of their home. Having lost their loved ones, they recall the events of their truncated childhood and especially stories that have been told to them by their father and their older brother. Different voices, tales, and memories interweave as the narrative moves forward and backward in time, the scenes and speakers often shifting unexpectedly in the middle of a sentence. The novel never departs from the present tense, even when this means violating grammatical convention. The effect is a sense of simultaneity that heightens the harrowing loss at the heart of the novel.
[. . .]
You've kept the very difficult grammatical structure (all present tense, confusing sentence structure) more or less untouched, as far as I can tell. Were you tempted to take a more interventionist approach? If not, why not?
I felt strongly that the exclusive use of the present tense was an essential feature of the novel, so I was never tempted to alter it. Even when German grammar would usually require another tense, whether past, future, or indirect discourse, the novelist stayed in the present, and if this was at times awkward in the original, the awkwardness was clearly a deliberate effect. So I reproduced this to the best of my abilities in the translation. Of course, this posed a challenge. Overall, I had the impression that the German language was more conducive to Vennemann's technique than English, for both the historical present and the ability to refer to future events in the present tense are available, conventional options in German more often than in English. So at times something that was only somewhat jarring in the original would be more intensely jarring in English. But I thought this still reflected the author's aesthetic better than to restore grammatical fluidity and familiarity would have. Though I tried to keep the level of estrangement close to that of the original, at times some degree of enhanced awkwardness in the English version was inescapable. But since the device was used as a grammatical Verfremdungseffekt in the German version, this felt justified. As for the complexity of the syntax, some degree of confusion is endemic to the novel. Again, such intricate, long sentences are less unusual in German than in English, but my rationale for retaining them was similar to my approach to tense. The labyrinthine nature of the sentences in the original was intentionally disorienting, and to efface this by composing more easily readable sentences would have been to dispense with a key aspect of the experience of this novel.
Founded in 1960 by such creative pioneers as George Perec, Raymond Queneau and Italo Calvino, the Oulipo, shorthand for Ouvroir de littérature potentielle, came about in when a group of writers and mathematicians sought constraints to find new structures and. . .
There's little to say about a series of prose poems that willfully refuse to identify pronoun antecedents. Or perhaps there are a million things. The poems in Morse, My Deaf Friend— the chapbook by Miloš Djurdjević published by Ugly Duckling. . .
The Crimson Thread of Abandon is the first collection of short fiction available in English by the prolific Japanese writer and all-around avant-garde trickster Terayama Shūji, who died in 1983 at the age of 47. This collection would be important. . .
Last year, NYRB Classics introduced English-language readers to Catalan writer Josep Pla with Peter Bush's translation of The Gray Notebook. In that book, Pla wrote about life in Spain during an influenza outbreak soon after World War I, when. . .
"Your bile is stagnant, you see sorrow in everything, you are drenched in melancholy," my friend the doctor said.
bq. "Isn't melancholy something from previous centuries? Isn't some vaccine against it yet, hasn't medicine taken care of it yet?" I. . .
What to make of Vano and Niko, the English translation of Erlom Akhvlediani's work of the same name, as well as the two other short books that comprise a sort of trilogy? Quick searches will inform the curious reader that. . .
The opening of Jón Gnarr's novel/memoir The Indian is a playful bit of extravagant ego, telling the traditional story of creation, where the "Let there be light!" moment is also the moment of his birth on January 2nd, 1967. Then. . .
Mahasweta Devi is not only one of the most prolific Bengali authors, but she's also an important activist. In fact, for Devi, the two seem to go together. As you can probably tell from the titles, she writes about women. . .
The prolific Spanish author Benito Pérez Galdós wrote his short novel, Tristana, during the closing years of the nineteenth century, a time when very few options were available to women of limited financial means who did not want a husband.. . .
Pedro Zarraluki's The History of Silence (trans. Nick Caistor and Lorenza García) begins with the narrator and his wife, Irene, setting out to write a book about silence, itself called The History of Silence: "This is the story of how. . .


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Looking to future exports of natural gas and NGL for an answer to price woes may lead to disappointment, an analyst says.
University of Houston professor Craig Pirrong: The oil-linked standard for LNG no longer holds any water.
Rail capacity is being overwhelmed by propane shipments, which could cause the product to become competitive with resurgent gas prices.
New wording in the regional energy infrastructure statement from six New England governors indicates states may not be able to overcome internal legislative barriers to form a unified strategy.
NGL prices went through their roughest patch since 2008, but questions still remain over whether the market's recovery has begun or not.
Crude prices remained flat at $60/bbl, while NGL prices continue to sag. This decoupling is expected to return as the norm going forward.
Challenges in the propane market continue to present themselves as prices stay at 13-year low.
Despite improved crude and gas prices, NGL prices continue to drop as an oversupplied market is weighing heavily on profits.
Kinder Morgan started up the first of two splitters to handle 50,000 barrels per day after manufacturers' parts were delayed and there were weather issues affecting startup, Reuters said.
A loan from VTTI BV financed the deal. VTTI indirectly owns a total economic interest of 42.6% and a 51.0% indirect voting interest in VTTI Operating.
The proprietary 367-mile offshore pipeline can transport 350,000 barrels per day of crude oil to Texas and Louisiana markets. South Marsh Island strategic platform 205 is under ownership.
Midstream assets included in the joint venture include a natural gas processing plant in Tioga, N.D. Hess Infrastructure will make an IPO of Hess Midstream Partners LP common units.
Key North American Hub Prices: July 1, 2015
Colonial's Line 1, with a capacity of 1.2 million barrels per day, runs from Houston to Greensboro, N.C. The current allocation is for the pipeline segment north of Collins, Miss.
The Lucerne 2 natural gas processing plant connects to the Front Range Pipeline for NGL takeaway to Mont Belvieu, Texas.
DCP has a one-third ownership interest in the pipeline.
Enbridge Income Fund Holdings Inc. will buy Enbridge Inc.'s Canadian liquids pipeline business and some renewable energy assets for C$30.4 billion (US$24.8 billion), Bloomberg said.
Frontline 2012 was spun off from Frontline three years ago and has since divested its dry-bulk and gas fleet to focus on crude oil and product tankers, Reuters said.
Jonathan (JQ) Affleck was appointed by the board to replace Steven G. Twele as vice president and CFO of the general partner of World Point Terminals LP


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Stacey Brooks
February 02, 2015 12:06 pmWalk the red carpet at the Taste of the NFL event
Terry Bradshaw Roast had a star-studded red carpet
Stacey Brooks, Entertainment Host | January 29, 2015 5:24 pmNFL Hall of Famer and four-time Super Bowl-winning Pittsburgh Steelers quarterback and current FOX NFL Sunday broadcaster Terry Bradshaw was honored at the Friars Club Roast at the Arizona Biltmore...
Dog photos for sick Arizona boy show how awesome people can be
Stacey Brooks, Entertainment Host | January 12, 2015 11:18 amDog lovers from around the world are using social media to rally around a Phoenix teen who is undergoing treatment for cancer by posting to a Facebook page called "Photo Doggies for Anthony."
Bill Cosby is a case of Dr. Huxtable vs. Mr. Hyde
Stacey Brooks, Entertainment Host | November 17, 2014 6:04 pmI like to give people the benefit of the doubt.
Let's not get in way of terminally ill Brittany Maynard's dying with dignity
Stacey Brooks, Entertainment Host | October 30, 2014 2:34 pmWith Nov. 1 -- the day Brittany Maynard originally said she was planning to end her own life if her suffering became too great -- quickly approaching, the terminally ill 29-year-old has released an emotional video addressing how she's feeling now that it's so close.


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Im working on a MVC3 application, with a masterpage which renders the views in the body. Now I have 2 css files (different layouts), and I want to select the CSS depending on the screen size of the client. Everything works with the code below, however, only for the index page, whenever I go to a second page, whatever it is, no CSS is rendered at all. The code below is placed in the HEAD section of the masterpage.
<script type="text/javascript">
var css = './Content/SiteWide.css'
if ($(window).width() < 1140) {
css = './Content/SiteNarrow.css';
var tempcss = '<link href="TEMPCSS" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />';
var cssLink = tempcss.replace("TEMPCSS", css);
So somehow the css doesnt load again when you go to a second page (all using the same masterpage), do you guys have any ideas?


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UK media coverage of the rocket fire onto the south of Israel
Due to the lack of world outrage at the massive rocket barrage that has been launched by Hamas and its allies against Israel's southern communities, and fully expecting international outrage the moment Israel retaliates or carries out any kind of … Continue reading
Posted in Media and journalism, Mideast news Tagged Daily Mail, Daily Telegraph, Gaza, Guardian, Independent, media bias, rockets, south, Syria 13 Comments


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Accounting Reform in Transition and Developing EconomiesSpringer US 2008; US$ 219.00
The editor, who has worked on accounting reform projects around the world, has assembled a noted group of experts to discuss accounting reform in Russia, Ukraine, Estonia, Armenia, Serbia, China, and Spain. Moreover, the book explores accounting education in transition economies, development of the accounting profession in transition economies, and... more...
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The first book to explore the phenomenon of tax evasion from an ethical perspective, filling the gap in the business ethics literature Incorporates insights from economics, finance, philosophy, law, psychology, religion, and sociology Features case studies from around the world Incorporates insights from economics, finance, philosophy, law,... more...
Taxation of Income from Domestic and Cross-border Collective InvestmentSpringer International Publishing 2013; US$ 129.00
Tax treatment of investment income including the legal framework conditions is examined in an international comparison Distinguishes between the tax consequences to be considered at the various taxation levels (assets, collective investment, and investor) Country summaries provide a brief description of the taxation systems, the legal bases, and... more...
International Financial Reporting StandardsSch�ffer-Poeschel Verlag f�r Wirtschaft Steuern Recht GmbH 2007; US$ 47.67
Jetzt wieder aktuell ? der Praktikerband f�r IFRS-Abschl�sse. An die j�ngsten Entwicklungen der IASB-Rechnungslegung angepasst, folgt der Band der IFRS-Bilanzgliederung. Von den Grundlagen der GuV und der Kapitalflussrechnung bis zu �bergreifenden Themen wie Unternehmenszusammenschl�ssen geben die Autoren detaillierte Hilfen bei der Anwendung. Viele... more...
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Finanzinstrumente richtig bilanzieren. IFRS 7 fordert, den Einfluss offen zu legen, den Finanzinstrumente auf die finanzielle Lage und Leistung eines Unternehmens aus�ben. Au�erdem muss dokumentiert werden, welchen Risiken das Unternehmen durch Finanzinstrumente ausgesetzt war. Welche Regelungen werden in der Praxis bereits erf�llt und wo bestehen... more...
Managing Multinationals in the Middle East: Accounting and Tax IssuesABC-CLIO 2000; US$ 132.00
This comprehensive analysis discusses how American and non-American multinational corporations (MNCs) can plan, manage, and control their business activities and invest in four selected Middle East countries: Egypt, Kuwait, Jordan, Saudi Arabaia?and as a special unique feature, a fifth country, Israel. Abdallah covers in detail the tax systems and... more...
Review of Management Accounting ResearchPalgrave Macmillan 2011; US$ 235.00
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Quantitative Business ValuationWiley 2010; US$ 150.00
Praise for the First Edition of Quantitative BusinessValuation A Mathematical Approach for Today's Professionals "Jay Abrams' book is close to the equivalent of several graduatedissertations rolled into one book. For each topic (covered), hepresents a scholarly summary of past research, new empiricalresearch of his own, and his conclusions. It... more...


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The global asymptotic stability of the origin for systems described by x˙=σ¯(Ax), where σ¯ is the saturation function, is studied. The case x(t)∈ℛ2 is treated in detail and conditions which are necessary and sufficient are obtained. Examples are presented to illustrate the ideas developed in the paper


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Are you Xian Xu?Claim your profile
Publications (3)13.24 Total impact
- SourceAvailable from: PubMed Central
Article: Changes of Vision-Related Quality of Life in Retinal Detachment Patients after Cataract Surgery[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Rhegmatenous retinal detachment (RRD) is one of the most serious complications after phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation surgery. It has been reported that vision-related quality of life (VRQoL), as well as visual acuity rapidly decreased when RRD developed. However, little is known of the VRQoL in those RRD patients after anatomical retinal re-attachment, especially whether or not the VRQoL is higher than that before cataract surgery. In this prospective case series study, we use the Chinese-version low vision quality of life questionnaire (CLVQOL) to assess the changes of VRQoL in age-related cataract patients who suffered from RRD after phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (phaco-IOL) implantation. All participants were asked to complete questionnaires in face- to-face interviews one day before and two weeks after cataract surgery, as well as one day before and three months after RRD surgery. A total of 10,127 consecutive age-related cataract patients were followed up to one year after phaco-IOL implantation; among these patients, 17 were diagnosed as RRD. The total CLVQOL scores and subscale scores except "Mobility" decreased significantly when RRD developed. After retinal surgery, only the score of "General vision and lighting" in the CLVQOL questionnaires improved when compared to the scores two weeks after cataract surgery, although the best corrected visual acuity of all patients significantly raised up. However, the mean CLVQOL scores and subscale scores were still considerably higher than the level prior to cataract surgery. Our study suggests that cataract patients at high risk of postoperative RRD should not deny the opportunity to undergo phaco-IOL implantation, even though potential VRQoL impairment induced by RRD exists.PLoS ONE 03/2015; 10(3):e0120505. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0120505 · 3.53 Impact Factor
Article: Vision-Related Quality of Life and Self-Rated Satisfaction Outcomes of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Surgery: Three-Year Prospective Study[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Subjective functional outcomes measurements, such as vision health-related quality of life (VRQoL) and self-rated satisfaction measures can provide helpful multidimensional vision health information that is more comprehensive than traditional objective measures, such as best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). The purpose of this study is to demonstrate 3-year longitudinal postoperative VRQoL and self-rated satisfaction changes after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) surgery. A prospective case series report was conducted in 92 RRD patients who underwent surgery during January 2004 through December 2006. Preoperative, 3-month, 1-year and 3-year postoperative patient VRQoL and self-rated satisfaction were assessed by face-to-face interviews. The importance of objective variables for predicting three dependent variables: CLVQOL composite scores change, 3-year postoperative CVLQOL composite score and self-rated satisfaction degree scores were calculated by stepwise multivariate linear or logistic regression analysis methods. The total CLVQOL composite scores change ranged between -48 and 90 (mean±standard deviation: 19.48±31.34), including positive changes in 62 patients. The self-rated satisfaction degree scores ultimately improved in 86 patients as compared with preoperative degrees. Statistically significant increases occurred only in the composite scores of subscale mobility and self-rated satisfaction degrees in the first 3 months, while the composite scores of the remaining subscales, and the total CLVQOL, BCVA in the RRD eye and weighted average BCVA, increased steadily throughout the first postoperative year. A better 3-year postoperative weighted average BCVA was associated with all of the 3 dependent outcome variables. VRQoL of RRD patients improved substantially after surgery and they were satisfied with their postoperative vision. The BCVA, VRQoL and self-rated satisfactory degree scores recovered in different patterns, and supplemented each other in the RRD surgery outcomes evaluated. Surgeons are advised to pay closer attention to binocular vision in RRD patients, and make efforts to explain the results of surgery.PLoS ONE 12/2011; 6(12):e28597. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0028597 · 3.53 Impact Factor
- Ophthalmology 03/2011; 118(3):601-601.e2. DOI:10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.10.046 · 6.17 Impact Factor
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Shanghai Putuo District People's HospitalShanghai, Shanghai Shi, China


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Dr. Ruth J. Simmons: First Sister to Head a Seven-Sister School
Townsel, Lisa Jones, Ebony
As a child growing up in rural Grapeland, Texas, Ruth Simmons spent countless hours crouched on the kitchen floor with her four sister as her mother shelled peas, shucked corn and shared stories about people who lived life the right way and people who didn't.
Little did Fannie Stubblefield know at that time that the family values she passed down during those mother-daughter chats would one day become instrumental in shaping the minds of thousands of women--Black and White. For the youngest of her 12 children, Ruth, would make history as the first Black and the third woman to be named president of Smith College, one of the prestigious, all-women's colleges that make up the Seven-Sister schools, and the nation's largest private undergraduate institution for women.
"I remember those talks vividly. That's how she taught us values, not to have too much pride, not to be selfish, and never, never to consider ourselves more important than another human being," Dr. Ruth J. Simmons recalls of the early years when her parents were sharecroppers. "I came along with African-American parents who couldn't read or write all that well, but they brought along traditions from their parents. I would love to live in a world where people are valued on the basis of what qualities they offer as a person, rather than on the means that they happen to have at any given time. Those are the values that I want the students at Smith to understand and appreciate."
Dr. Simmons' family background and expansive professional achievements have prepared her well to pass along such goals. A graduate of Dillard University, she spent her junior year at Wellesley College before returning to Dillard for her senior year and receiving the prestigious Fulbright Fellowship. She later earned a doctorate in romance languages and literature from Harvard University. Over the past 20 years, the seasoned educator, who is fluent in Spanish and French, has authored a book on education in Haiti and has worked on the administrative faculties of the University of New Orleans, California State University (Northridge), the University of Southern California and Spelman College. Before accepting the groundbreaking post as Smith's ninth president, the 51-year-old divorced mother of two held the title of vice provost at another Ivy League institution, Princeton University.
Dr. Simmons believes the deeprooted values and strong sense of self she learned from her parents, the "outstanding African-American teachers" of her youth, and her varied experiences as an adult, have all equipped her with the knowledge, wisdom and fortitude necessary to lead Smith, which has produced such luminaries as Barbara Bush, Nancy Reagan, Yolanda King and Thelma Golden, the first Black curator of New York's Whitney Museum.
Situated near the Berkshire mountains of Northampton, Mass., Smith College, founded in 1871, is characterized by crawling ivy, wrought-iron gates, a $26,484-a-year tuition-and-board price tag, and time-honored traditions, such as Friday afternoon teas.
The other colleges that make up the elite Seven-Sister schools are Barnard, Bryn Mawr, Mount Holyoke, Radcliffe, Vassar and Wellesley.
The reports are conflicting about when Smith first opened its doors to Black women. Some say it was as early as the 1890s. Others say it was in the 1920s. What is known for sure is that the number of African-American faculty members and students at Smith has Historically been dreadfully low.
Twenty percent of the 2,800 Smith students are minority. But only 86 are Black. Of the college's 250 full-time faculty members, only 15 are Black. Ten of the 15 are in tenure-track positions, but only one is tenured.
Minority recruitment, Dr. Simmons says, will be a major focal point during her administration. "That obviously will be one of my main goals," she says. "The reason for that is simply that that is what Smith articulated in the search. And because they stated their strong interest in recruiting minorities, that made the job more appealing to me. …


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Kate Middleton's wedding dress and all the money it made. -Styleite
Unexpected style evolution: Susan Sarandon. -StyleList
Cities are fighting over Fashion Week schedules. It's getting ugly. -The High Low
Everything you ever wanted to know about skeleton key necklaces. -Collectors Weekly
Make your own Missoni-inspired kicks. (Awesome idea, guys) -Refinery29
Dry brushing sounds like some kind of crazy miracle. -Birchbox
Alessandra Ambrosio pairs a cobalt mini with a fur vest. -The Budget Babe
Scientists will never figure out if wine is good for you. -YouBeauty


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- I've just deleted a "reminder" which email subscribers still received - in
HTML format, even though they chose plain text once and for all. No security
issue about this, only an annoyance IMO.
> The next reminder for this event will be sent in 3 days, 2 minutes.I trust it won't, now that I've disabled the "calendar" feature. I don't
know if everyone here agrees, but I don't think we need to receive reminders
about everyone's birthdays or appointments with the dentist. Interesting
events can be mentioned by posting to the group, there's no need for
automated features for that.
There is no "Dr Delgado" on this group, as far as know, and the name under
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October 5th: Jesse Eisenberg in his Senior Year photo circa 2001 from the Professional Performing Arts School in New York, NY.
She's ready for the summer!
Work it, girl.
Mariah Carey, her boobs and her new beau James Packer, aka the fourth richest man in Australia, took their love to Ibiza, Spain where they gallivanted on a yacht with her kids.
Bad Girl RiRi? More like Braless RiRi.


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MOUNT PLEASANT, N.Y. – Students from Mount Pleasant have earned several awards and honors while at school and college:
- Hawthorne resident Jake Antonaccio and Pleasantville residents Mariam Zakher and Meena Zakher were named to the dean's list at Siena College.
- Pleasantville resident Ilan M. Benattar received the Andrew Bergman '65 Award in Creative Writing at Binghamton University.
- Pleasantville resident Kyle Bull and Thornwood resident Christina Micela were named to the dean's list at Roger Williams University.
- Fairfield University named the following residents to the dean's list: Thornwood residents Kristin Ryan and Kristen Mackin; Valhalla residents Camille Dottore and Rebecca Fallon; and Pleasantville residents Kevin Reda, Julie Carpenito, Clara De Frutos, Michael Baris, Joseph Petti and Christine Villa.
- Valhalla resident Kara Kavanagh was named to the dean's list at Hartwick College before graduating with a degree in anthropology.
- Valhalla resident Demetrios Xenikakis graduated from the University of New Haven with a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering.
- Pleasantville resident Kathleen Bathon graduated from Marquette University with a bachelor's degree in biological services.
- Pleasantville resident Robert Nolletti was named to the dean's list at the Rochester Institute of Technology.
- Valhalla residents Christina Davidson and Erin Kenny were named to the dean's list at the University of Hartford.
- Pleasantville resident Gillian Orwoll was named to the dean's list at SUNY Potsdam.
- 1 Westlake High School Valedictorian Encourages 'Acts Of Kindness'
- 2 Four From Westchester Indicted In Metro-North Cheating Ring
- 3 Former Exec From PepsiCo In Purchase Resigns From Toyota After Drug Bust
- 4 July 4 Terror Threat Is 'Nothing Routine,' Says Former CIA Deputy Director
- 5 July 4 Terror Warning Security Measures In Westchester Detailed


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Original recipe yields 12 servings
Amount per serving ({{servings}} total)
Based on a 2,000 calorie diet
Ready In
I tried this ceviche because there was an addition of red and yellow peppers which I had on hand. I really liked the addition of the peppers- it gives an extra crunch and color. This is first ti...
Very good... Best ceviche recipe I've found (and I've tried like 10) only thing I added was hot sauce.. we love spicy :-)


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Why Russia should take over Israel's defense from America
Want to save Puerto Rico? Make it a U.S. state.
The heartbreaking stories of 5 bionic dogs
34 TV shows to watch in 2015
Santa joins the ranks
The week's best editorial cartoons
Alleged terrorist mastermind killed by U.S. airstrike in Tunisia
Aetna to buy Humana for $37 billion
Greek court to rule whether bailout vote is unconstitutional
Missed warnings at the White House


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When I create a new file (eg. touch file.txt) its size equals to 0B. I'm wondering where are its informations (size, last modify date, owner name, file name) stored. These informations are stored on hd and are managed by kernel, of course, but I'd love to know something more about them: Where and how I may get them, using a programming language as C, for example, and how I may change them. Are these informations changeable, simply using a programming language, or maybe kernel avoids this operations?
I'm working on Unix based file systems, and I'm asking informations especially about this fs.


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And too few insights gleaned from them
Capsule Reviews
July 1, 2015|
Stoned, Anxious, The Deeper Genome, and Testosterone.
July 1, 2015|
Stoned, Anxious, The Deeper Genome, and Testosterone.
June 29, 2015|
Scientists wishing to study marijuana's health effects may now forgo a review by Public Health Services.
June 24, 2015|
The dosage information on 83 percent of 75 edible marijuana products legally sold in Seattle, San Francisco, and Los Angeles was incorrect.
June 24, 2015|
Specialized cardiac cells in the mouse heart appear to be the long-sought-after proliferative heart cells.
June 23, 2015|
An epigenetic variant of cytosine is stable in the genomes of living mice, suggesting a possible expansion of the DNA alphabet.
June 17, 2015|
Actin—the bones of the cell—has a preference for swirling into a counterclockwise pattern.
June 11, 2015|
With the deletion of a single gene, female Japanese rice fish can produce sperm.
May 13, 2015|
Researchers tweak gene expression in chicken embryos that may have been crucial to the evolutionary transition from dinosaur noses to bird bills.
May 4, 2015|
Cytoskeleton specialist Alan Hall was best known for unpacking the roles of Rho GTPases.
April 21, 2015|
A retrovirus embedded in the human genome may help protect embryos from other viruses, and influence fetal development.


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CNCROi.com had a customer ask us for something rather unique, custom polycarbonate machine tags that needed to be permanently fiber marked. This is how we went about making them! Watch this video to give you a bit of background then we'll jump into production! The problem with cutting polycarbonate (lexan) with a CNC laser isRead More
CNCROi.com is doing more and more CUSTOM signage, the options for cool signs are as endless as the material choices – most recently, the high visibility type. I met-up with a potential client last week and he was focused on a specific market segment with his business where HIGH VISIBILITY is essential so I thoughtRead More
CNCROi.com can make custom CNC laser Delrin seals of any size, shape and depth. We've made a lot of Delrin seals since inception almost a year ago, there are three main reasons why we get many custom seal projects: We can offer 24 hour turn-around on most seals once we receive the file. We canRead More
The millworking industry has been good to CNCROi.com as we expand the capabilities that our customers have beyond using a CNC router. CNC routers are awesome machines, no millworking shop can exist today on a commercial-scale without them, we have one too, but they do have disadvantages by design, the round bit used for cutting.Read More
Never send a human to do a machine's job. ~Agent Smith One of my favorite films is the Matrix franchise, even after all these years, it still blows me away with its special F/X. So in honor of Agent Smith, let's anneal one of his famous sayings onto a metal plaque of 304 stainless steel-cutRead More
I attended a networking event recently and one of the people I had a conversation with told me "Wow… you're quite enthusiastic!" regarding my passion for what CNCROi.com does for its customers, I can't help it. Passion I believe that being enthusiastic, or as I call it, passionate, about a subject or business is theRead More
Give us a call or email to discuss your project ~ CNCROi.com is here to help!


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As the market moved steadily higher in the first four months of the year, traditionally defensive sectors, such as consumer staples, were leading the charge, while economically sensitive stocks were not doing well. Over the past few weeks, however, things have changed. Technology stocks and cyclical names have taken the lead, and even financials and energy are doing their share. Health care and other defensive sectors are trailing.
What was an arguable change in leadership before the May 3 jobs report is now a confirmed change. And change is good, especially in bull markets.
To be sure, many of the same technical conditions that supported the bear case are still in place, including rather happy sentiment and a bearish crowd that seems to have thrown in the towel. But other readings, such as the percent of stocks trading above their respective 50-day moving averages, have flipped from bearish to bullish.
LET'S DIG INTO the exchange-traded funds, starting with Technology Select Sector SPDR xlk 0.6763285024154589% Select Sector SPDR-Technology U.S.: NYSE Arca 41.68 0.28 0.6763285024154589% /Date(1435784400047-0500)/ Volume (Delayed 15m) : 8038505 AFTER HOURS 41.59 -0.0899999999999963 -0.21593090211132437% Volume (Delayed 15m) : 110992 P/E Ratio N/A Market Cap N/A Dividend Yield 1.851151631477927% Rev. per Employee N/A More quote details and news » (ticker: XLK). The tech ETF had lagged behind the broad market since last summer, and in April it even broke a short-term trendline and its 200-day moving average to the downside (see Chart SPDR-Technology). It seemed that this sector was going to be one of the first to exit the rally.
But on April 19, much of the market found a footing, and the tech sector reversed course to the upside. Not only did it nullify its chart breakdown, but it also started to outperform the market. Not coincidently, the gorilla in the technology room, Apple aapl 0.93681482957943% Apple Inc. U.S.: Nasdaq USD126.6 1.175 0.93681482957943% /Date(1435784401022-0500)/ Volume (Delayed 15m) : 29666406 AFTER HOURS USD126.45 -0.149999999999991 -0.11848341232227488% Volume (Delayed 15m) : 572405 P/E Ratio 15.648949320148331 Market Cap 722577178384.49 Dividend Yield 1.6429699842022116% Rev. per Employee 2287920 More quote details and news » (AAPL), also turned its trend around. But if we look at other measures of technology, such as the NYSE Arca Tech 100 Index, we will see a similar, albeit more muted, change in relative performance for the better.
Tech may not be the top performer this month, but it is back in the hunt and that is good news for the bulls.
Energy stocks are also showing positive change in both relative and absolute terms. The Energy Select Sector SPDR xle -1.2772751463544438% Select Sector SPDR-Energy U.S.: NYSE Arca 74.2 -0.96 -1.2772751463544438% /Date(1435784400053-0500)/ Volume (Delayed 15m) : 12891989 AFTER HOURS 74.34 0.140000000000001 0.18867924528301888% Volume (Delayed 15m) : 1018131 P/E Ratio N/A Market Cap N/A Dividend Yield 2.742964959568733% Rev. per Employee N/A More quote details and news » (XLE) just moved above the top of its three-month range after surviving a breakdown attempt last month (see Chart SPDR Energy).
Upward Bound
Since late April, the technology, energy, and chemical sectors have been on the rise.
The sector contains international oil companies, domestic producers, and equipment makers. But one of my favorite charts right now is from the big Chinese integrated oil company CNOOC (CEO), which is breaking out to the upside from a bearish five-month trend. While this stock has only perked up marginally relative to the market, it has turned higher on an absolute basis. This includes bouncing off support that goes back to 2011 and 2012, as well as moving above its 50-day moving average for the first time since December.
The Materials Select Sector SPDR xlb 0.5579665220086795% Select Sector SPDR-Materials U.S.: NYSE Arca 48.66 0.27 0.5579665220086795% /Date(1435786389884-0500)/ Volume (Delayed 15m) : 5357696 AFTER HOURS 48.46 -0.199999999999996 -0.41101520756267984% Volume (Delayed 15m) : 58590 P/E Ratio N/A Market Cap N/A Dividend Yield 1.8961775585696672% Rev. per Employee N/A More quote details and news » (XLB) also saw a change for the better in its relative performance. This sector includes such industries as steel, mining, and packaging, and the recent thrashing in the gold market may be hiding the positive changes here.
One particularly strong group has been chemicals, and the chart of PPG Industries ppg 1.5516039051603905% PPG Industries Inc. U.S.: NYSE USD116.5 1.78 1.5516039051603905% /Date(1435784651234-0500)/ Volume (Delayed 15m) : 1244308 AFTER HOURS USD115.661 -0.838999999999999 -0.7201716738197425% Volume (Delayed 15m) : 12097 P/E Ratio 27.904191616766468 Market Cap 31186860595.5225 Dividend Yield 2.4721030042918457% Rev. per Employee 346509 More quote details and news » (PPG) provides a good proxy for the group. On May 2, the stock broke out to the upside from a four-month trading range (see Chart PPG Industries). What I like about the chart is that it spent several days pausing at the top of the range before making its move. This tells us that it was a surge in demand rather than continuing momentum that sparked the breakout.
Commodity-chemicals maker Air Products & Chemicals apd 1.2351092596652782% Air Products & Chemicals Inc. U.S.: NYSE USD138.52 1.69 1.2351092596652782% /Date(1435784805663-0500)/ Volume (Delayed 15m) : 1154399 AFTER HOURS USD138.52 % Volume (Delayed 15m) : 12439 P/E Ratio 29.039832285115303 Market Cap 29386295259.7321 Dividend Yield 2.3390124169794975% Rev. per Employee 485146 More quote details and news » (APD) seems to be on the verge of following suit.
These sector changes put some of the usual bull-market leaders back into the fore. Financial stocks, not included above because they weren't lagging behind the market in prior months, are also doing well.
Can the trend continue? Right now it does appear that the market is firing on all burners, albeit with short-term overbought conditions starting to form. The problem is that there hasn't been significant pullback of 5% on the Standard & Poor's 500 since this leg of the rally began in November.
As the old saw goes, no market goes up in a straight line.
A version of this article appeared May 8 at Barrons.com.
MICHAEL KAHN is a columnist for Barrons.com. He comments on technical analysis @mnkahn.
E-mail: email@example.com


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09 Mar 2014
As I was going through my social feeds, I saw images from an art show called BRANDALISM currently on feature at The Seventh Letter on Fairfax. I've got a long list of exhibits to see out here in LA and added this one because I was so drawn to the
11 Jan 2014
When we featured Tried + True on Tastemakers a couple of months ago, they were fresh off of Drake's Nothing Was The Same pop-up and ready to launch the BGRT pop-up. It was always Ricky and Crystal's goal to maximize and effectively use their space both for themselves and the


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Author: chicagoiww
Freshii Union Busting Continues; Workers Picket
Freshii Workers' Union members and supporters staged a picket today to demand an end to abuses by Freshii franchise owner Peter Irie.
The assembled group demanded that Irie re-hire illegally fired workers, cease union-busting tactics and attacks on union supporters, and officially recognize the Freshii Workers' Union (FWU).
"Peter thinks that he can continue to abuse and disrespect his workers with no repercussions," former Freshii employee Heather Sprigler said.
With Sprigler's help, the FWU recently won back nearly $2,000 in unpaid back wages for store employees. Sprigler was subsequently fired for concerted activity. Irie officially cited Sprigler's role in the campaign to recover unpaid wages as a reason for her termination.
The campaign included a march on the boss on August 1. Freshii workers delivered a letter to Irie that demanded that he end wage theft practices and deliver unpaid wages to the workers in full by August 8.
Sprigler was not the first Freshii employee fired after participating in union organization. Marcos Patino was fired after taking part in the march. Irie claimed that the store did not have enough business to keep Patino on staff, but Irie immediately advertised job openings after firing Patino from the store.
After Patino's firing, the FWU organized a phone zap for August 5. Phone zaps involve supporters repeatedly calling and sending fax messages.
"The phone zap was extremely inspiring," one Freshii worker and FWU organizer said. "We started receiving faxes around 5am, and they were messages of solidarity from all around the world.
"Phones never stopped ringing as long as I was in the store. We felt an overwhelming support both for Marcos and for our desire for union recognition," they continued.
That evening, Irie called Patino to set up a meeting to discuss his re-hiring. Irie later cancelled the meeting and allegedly refused to re-schedule.
Since Sprigler and Patino's firings, other Freshii workers have expressed concern about Irie's actions towards store employees. Employee and union organizer Alison Olhava recently had her scheduled work hours reduced from 35 to 8 per week after taking an authorized week off of work due to contagious illness.
Irie has allegedly refused to meet with Alison and her union representatives to discuss this change in scheduling.
The FWU has filed a number of Unfair Labor Practice charges against Irie's company, Nutritionality, Inc., which are currently being investigated by the National Labor Relations Board.
Union members and supporters stressed the importance of other direct actions while they await the NLRB's official decisions.
"I've talked to other workers who were afraid that Peter might lash out against them," union organizer Kai Tross said. "I think that a picket is important to show other workers that they are not alone — there are people all over who will come out and have their back."
Tross has never worked at Freshii, but is a member of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). The Freshii Workers' Union is organized under the IWW, an international member-run union for workers in all industries.
The picketers organized outside of Irie's 200 W. Randolph St. store at 11 a.m. today, and used the hashtag #FightFreshii to live blog the event on social media networks. Organizers were optimistic about continuing their campaign after today's event.
"We might just be a small group of workers at a franchise, but the fact that we can come together and win back wages has shown me that a few people can do amazing things when they stand up together to fight," Olhava said.
Updates on the Freshii Workers' Union campaign are posted to their Facebook page at www.facebook.com/FreshiiUnion640.
Help Needed for IWW Freshii Workers' Union Organizers
Last month, Freshii workers at 200 A Randolph in Chicago marched on their boss to demand the return of nearly $2,000 in stolen wages and union recognition. Of the two demands, the stolen wages were returned to the workers. While the fight for union recognition continues, Heather Sprigler has been illegally fired in retaliation for her role in the organizing efforts. Last week, Alison Olhava fell ill and her boss, Peter Irie, cut her hours from a normal 35 a week to a dismal 8. Peter has refused to meet with Alison and her IWW representatives to discuss this change in scheduling.
While ULPs have been filed, Alison and Heather are roommates and their household is badly in need of financial support. Neither Heather nor Alison are paid organizers and both rely on wage work. Their household includes Alison, her partner who is currently seeking employment, Heather, her two year old son Santiago, and Alison's 9 month old puppy.
All money raised will go toward basic necessities like rent, bills, and keeping food on the table. If additional funds are raised, it will be used to support the IWW Freshii Workers' Union in other ways. Please stay tuned to our facebook (linked below) for details on an upcoming action to support Freshii workers!
IWW Freshii Phone Zap – Demand Marcos is Rehired after Illegal Firing and Demand Recognition of IWW Freshii Workers Union!
IWW Freshii Phone Zap – Demand Marcos is Rehired after Illegal Firing and
Demand Recognition of IWW Freshii Workers Union!
Facebook event: https://www.facebook.com/events/792137417476502/
(invite all your friends!)
IWW Freshii Workers Page: https://www.facebook.com/FreshiiUnion640
For those of you that don't know, one of our team members was fired this
afternoon for participating in concerted activity. His first day was last
Thursday, Friday morning he participated in the march on the boss to
demand his fellow co-workers unpaid wages and union recognition and this
afternoon he was told he was fired due to "lack of business." He is really
upset and actually liked working at the restaurant with us.
As a team we have voted to have a phone zap from 10 am to 6 pm tomorrow,
August 5th, in order to get our co-worker, Marcos Patino, his job back.
Sample text would be:
You have illegally fired Marcos Patino for concerted activity. I demand
you give him his job back with full hours by 6 pm and recognize the IWW
Freshii Workers union or there will be consequences.
The store phone number is:
The store fax number is:
The owner's personal cell phone number is :
Lunch rush is 11:30-1:30. We ask that no calls come in after 6 pm (central
standard time) so that the owner has the opportunity to actually call
Marcos to give him his job back.
We appreciate any and all help with this task as we continue our fight for
recognition as a union.
Chicago Freshii workers demand unpaid wages and IWW recognition
On Friday August 1st, a group of workers employed at a franchised Freshii
restaurant located at 200 w Randolph in the Chicago loop marched on their
boss to demand unpaid wages, an end to wage theft practices, and union
recognition with the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW).
The workers walked up to the store owner as he entered the location at
11:00 am to read and deliver their demand letter while wearing IWW pins.
Wage theft has been a consistent problem at this Freshii location, with
some workers owed more than $700 in unpaid wages. Many workers are also
owed unpaid overtime wages.
The demand letter asked for these unpaid wages to be delivered to the
workers in full by Friday August 8th. They have also demanded that their
boss officially recognize the Chicago Branch of the IWW as their official
representative so that they can begin collective bargaining immediately.
Workers ranged from new hires to employees who had worked at the location
for over a year. Previous employees at the location also joined them to
present their demand letter and to fight for their unpaid wages.
The majority of current employees have signed union authorization cards
for the IWW and are prepared to take all action necessary if their demands
are not met by this coming Friday.
Statement on May Day Arrests
It is the official position of the Chicago branch of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) that the actions of the Chicago Police Department (CPD) and the marshals affiliated with Service Employees International Union (SEIU) and the Illinois Coalition for Immigrant and Refugee Rights (ICIRR) at the May 1st March to Stop Deportations were grossly inappropriate and condemnable. In collusion with the CPD, these marshals singled out and physically restrained two activists, leading to their arrests. While the arrests occurred, the marshals attempted to surround and enclose members of the IWW's Red and Black Brigade contingent of the march, blocking their freedom of movement. The marshals also directed other participants to move past the enclosed contingent, preventing the other marchers from showing solidarity with the arrestees.
Jose "Zé" Garcia and Anne Meredith Wooton, the activists arrested during the march, have the full support of the Chicago branch of the IWW. Zé was released without charges, and Anne Meredith is facing misdemeanor charges. Zé is an outspoken advocate against ICIRR's reformist policies, and actively spreads awareness of their tactics against dissenters. They are currently in the midst of fighting their own deportation. These facts, along with witness testimonials, suggest that these arrests may have been politically motivated. ICIRR's official statement is that it was not their intention for these arrests to occur, while SEIU has not, to our knowledge, commented on the incident.
The actions of the marshals enabled the arrests. It is important that public marches be open to all who wish to participate without fear of state harassment, repression, and persecution. Above all, no one should be singled out for arrest based on their residency status—especially at a march against deportations. Given the historical legacy of May Day, it is crucial that anti-authoritarian and dissenting voices not be silenced by the state or its collaborators. If organizers expect broad participation at marches in the future, they must ensure that marshals do not aid in arrests and that solidarity with anyone who may be arrested is allowed. The IWW will always stand by the principle that an injury to one is an injury to all.
Zé has set up a GoFundMe page where you can read their personal account of the incident and donate to, in their own words, "help me fight my deportation so I can continue my fight against a brutal and illegitimate regime, my fight against the sellouts, my fight against EVERY deportation."
Chicago Educational Workers Industrial Network presents: Granito de Arena- a documentary about the struggle of teachers in Mexico
Chicago Educational Workers Industrial Network presents:
Granito de Arena- a documentary about the struggle of teachers in Mexico
that looks so similar to what is happening in Chicago
Corregated Films Jill Freidberg
May 10th 1-4pm
Rudy Lozano Library, Pilsen
1805 S. Loomis
Discussion after movie with Anne Carlson parent of CPS kids & 4-6th grade Montessori teacher, plus one parent TBA.
La Red de Trabajadores de la Educación de Chicago presenta:
Granito de Arena- un documental sobre la lucha de los maestros en Mexico
que se parece mucho a lo que esta pasando en Chicago.
Corregated Films- Jill Freidberg
10 de Mayo 1-4pm
Bilioteca Rudy Lozano, Pilsen
1805 S. Loomis
Después de la pelicula habrá una conversación con Anne Carlson madre de niños de CPS y maestra Montessori de los grados de 4 a 6, y otro padre que será anunciado más tarde.
Railroad Workers Unite in Chicago
Railroad Workers Unite in Chicago
Chicago is known as the place where the nation's railroads meet. And last weekend, the city also became the meeting spot for about 40 of the country's most progressive and activism-driven railroad union workers when it hosted the biennial conference of Railroad Workers United (RWU), an independent labor organization founded in 2008 that includes members of the major rail unions, Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) and other labor groups. Their gathering dovetailed with the Labor Notes conference, which brings together activist trade unionists from around the world every two years…Read more at In These Times
Mobile Rail Workers win NLRB election
Thursday August 15th 2013: Mobile Rail Workers Union win the NLRB Election 17 -5! The Margin is so wide that the 3 contested ballots were not needed! Now the employer has 7 days to challenge the results. After the 7 days IWW Chicago General Membership Branch becomes the certified bargaining Unit for Mobile Rail Solution's Employees!
Mobile Rail Picket
August 1, Western and 14th
Outside Union Pacific Global 1 yard


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Select Local Merchants
The Bari StudioRead MoreAlexandra Bonetti Perez spent years studying different forms of movement, including yoga, martial arts, and athletic training, as well as dance moves ranging from the worm to the water bear. She channeled all of this experience into creating an intelligent full-body workout called Bari, which has been lauded by publications ranging from Vogue and Marie Claire to New York magazine and Time.com. At locations across the country, Bari's fitness experts lead fitness classes that combine sensory and trampoline cardio with muscle sculpting and advanced technology. Bari is more than a workout, though—the Bari Studio's experienced nutritionists are also on hand to create customized nutrition programs. Bari enthusiasts can even take the studio home with them, whether that's by subscribing to BariTV or sporting the studio's apparel and jewelry.2125 San Joaquin Hills RoadNewport Beach, CA US
Body Design The Women's Athletic CenterRead MoreBrow2brazilian ( a specialty) store his a eyebrow sculpturing and sugaring /waxing studio. We specialize in brazilian wax, with patterns and design, We sculpture your eyebrows to frame your face.210 Newport Center DrNewport Beach, CA US
The Dailey Method - Newport BeachRead MoreJill Dailey McIntosh has always been intrigued by the human body and how it moves—so much so that she graduated in 1991 with a kinesiology degree and soon thereafter decided to open her own Pilates teaching studio. But it wasn't until years later that this curiosity would manifest itself in a single question: "How can one aggressively transform the shape of their body while still maintaining proper alignment of the spine?" Eventually Jill began to examine her diverse fitness background, pulling low-impact movements from ballet, Pilates, and even orthopedic-exercise routines to create the basis for her fitness style, The Dailey Method. Now, 15 years after it was founded in San Francisco, Dailey's fitness routine has ballooned into studios sprawled across more than 10 states and gained praise from Self, Allure, FitPregnancy, and InStyle magazines. Regardless of the location, instructors remain true to Jill's mission of offering unique fitness classes that combine ballet barre work, core conditioning, stretching, and orthopedic exercises. The classes work to effectively strengthen and tone the entire body, with movements that are controlled, focused, and safe. Each set of exercises is focuses on students' entire body and mind, and is followed by a series of active stretches to help develop more sculpted and supple muscles.200 Newport Center Dr.Newport Beach, CA US
Body DesignRead MoreHair replacement for hair loss; lace wigs, Raquel Welch/Hair U Wear/Gabor/American hairlines. Men, Women and children. Haircolor correction specialist. Damaged hair specialist. Privacy for sensitive clients.A Newport Beach 210 Newport Center Dr.Newport Beach, CA US
Core Et' BarreRead MoreCore et' Barre pioneered the Form? technique, a combination of yoga, ballet, Pilates, barre, and core work aimed at bettering bodies. The workout draws from each of these disciplines over the course of 60 minutes, with practitioners gradually moving from broad flexibility exercises to specific motions focused on thighs, abs, and pantseat-filling posteriors. Follow the lead of Core et' Barre's instructors as you monitor the flow of your breathing and bring stability to your core during the Pilates-influenced elements, or unleash the black swan within during the ballet-inspired portions of Form?. Core et' Barre funnels the Form? formula through several different class types, including a calorie-burning cardio version. Check the schedule for options.200 Newport Center DrNewport Beach, CA US
YogaWorksRead MoreGuided by a mission of embracing every student's quest for personal growth, the team at YogaWorks offers programs for all ages and walks of life. Harnessing a minimum of 500 hours of Yoga Alliance training, expert instructors build lean muscles with traditional Ashtanga, Iyengar, and Vinyasa flow classes enhanced by inspiring music, ambient candlelight, meditation, and props. Their fitness classes further the body-shaping results of yoga, strengthening core muscles with Pilates, increasing endurance and lean muscles with TRX classes, and building stamina with resistance-based SculptWorks. Instructors also host exotic yoga retreats, which marry the excitement of travel to far-away locales with the benefits of yoga to bestow students with the confident grace required to approach a foreign yoga mat without startling it. Those in search of further training can access online videos by subscribing to myyogaworks.com, which offers a free, 14-day trial for new users. Students can search for videos by workout duration, skill level, and the targeted area of the body.230 Newport Center Dr.Newport Beach, CA US


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Congratulations to this week's #SeaDeked winner!
Congratulations to this week's #SeaDeked winner, Matt Lawrence. Please message us with your mailing address and we'll get your SeaDek helm station pad right out to you. Thanks to everyone who posted and tagged this week! Stay tuned for our … Continue reading
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SeaDek & Oracle Team USA Support Vessel Refit
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METS sets record for attendance, exhibitors
reposted from: http://www.boatingindustry.com/ The numbers don't lie – the 2014 METS was the biggest ever, with record numbers of both exhibitors and visitors. A total of 21,086 people attended the world's largest marine equipment trade show, which wrapped up Thursday in … Continue reading
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2014 U.S. Open of Water Skiing Follow Up
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Recent Contemporary Fiberglass Projects
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Babistry NonSkid Application
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Custom Ranger Install
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text:
Page 1
Modeling capping protein FRAP and CALI experiments reveals
in vivo regulation of actin dynamics
Maryna Kapustina†, Eric Vitriol||, Timothy C. Elston‡,¶, Leslie M. Loew§, and Ken
† Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina School of
Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7090
‡ Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
§ Center for Cell Analysis and Modeling, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT
¶ Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine,
Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7090
|| Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
To gain insights on cellular mechanisms regulating actin polymerization, we used the Virtual Cell
to model FRAP and chromophore assisted laser inactivation (CALI) experiments on EGFP-
capping protein (EGFP-CP). Modeling the FRAP kinetics demonstrated that the in vivo rate for
the dissociation of CP from actin filaments is much faster (~0.1 s−1) than that measured in vitro
(0.01–0.0004 s−1). The CALI simulation revealed that in order to induce sustainable changes in
cell morphology after CP inactivation, the cells should exhibit anti-capping ability. We included
the VASP protein as the anti-capping agent in the modeling scheme. The model predicts that
VASP affinity for barbed ends has a cooperative dependence on the concentration of VASP-
barbed end complexes. This dependence produces a positive feedback that stabilizes the
complexes and allows sustained growth at clustered filament tips. We analyzed the range of laser
intensities that are sufficient to induce changes in cell morphology. This analysis demonstrates
that FRAP experiments with EGFP-CP can be performed safely without changes in cell
morphology, because, the intensity of the photobleaching beam is not high enough to produce the
critical concentration of free barbed ends that will induce filament growth before diffusional
replacement of EGFP-CP occurs.
ENA/VASP; cooperativity; fluorescent protein; filopodia; Virtual Cell
Numerous motile processes in cell and developmental biology are driven by actin
polymerization and depend on rapid actin filament assembly and disassembly at specific
cellular locations. Thus, the precise spatial and temporal control over actin dynamics is
vitally important for cell function. Actin polymerization is tightly regulated by various actin
*Correspondence: firstname.lastname@example.com.
NIH Public Access
Author Manuscript
Cytoskeleton (Hoboken). Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 August 1.
Published in final edited form as:
Cytoskeleton (Hoboken). 2010 August ; 67(8): 519–534. doi:10.1002/cm.20463.
NIH-PA Author Manuscript
NIH-PA Author Manuscript
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binding proteins, which nucleate, promote, stabilize, or sever actin filaments (Chesarone and
Goode 2009; Chhabra and Higgs 2007; Cooper and Sept 2008; Le Clainche and Carlier
2008; Pollard 2007). The extent of filament elongation in vivo is limited by the presence of
high-affinity barbed end capping proteins but this inhibition is antagonized by anti-cappers,
among them the proteins from the Ena/VASP family (Bear et al. 2002; Paul and Pollard
2009). Capping protein β binds the barbed ends of actin filaments preventing continued
polymerization and rapid growth from this end (Hug et al. 1995; Wear and Cooper 2004)
and this maintains a short, highly-branched lamellipodial actin network as well as a pool of
monomeric G-actin, an arrangement more suitable forproductive protrusion (Pollard and
Borisy 2003). The presenceof Ena/VASP proteins at the leading edge of cells antagonizes
CPs at barbed ends of actin filaments, enabling actin polymerization to continue, generating
long, unbranched actin filaments (Barzik et al. 2005; Bear et al. 2002; Pasic et al. 2008;
Trichet et al. 2008)
The mechanism and regulation of actin polymerization have been studied extensively in
vitro for many years but now there is increasing interest to compare and contrast this body
of information with that obtained in vivo. Recently, several microscopic techniques, such as
speckle microscopy (Ponti et al. 2004); ICS, image correlation microscopy (Digman et al.
2005), FRAP, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (Roy et al. 2002), and CALI,
chromophore assisted laser inactivation (Jacobson et al. 2008) have begun to yield important
qualitative and quantitative information on the processes that promote and regulate actin
polymerization in living cells. Interpretation and analysis of the spatiotemporal data
obtained from these techniques requires mathematical analysis and quantitative modeling.
FRAP is a technique to measure translational mobility in membranes and the cytoplasm by
first photobleaching the fluorescence emitted from a labeled component from a small region
of the cell and subsequently measuring the recovery of fluorescence into the previously
bleached region; the kinetics of recovery are related to the transport process that dominates
the recovery process. CALI, in particular, has attracted attention because of its potential to
effect nearly instantaneous loss-of-function and thereby complement more conventional
genetic manipulations. In this method, target proteins are inactivated by reactive
photoproducts such as reactive oxygen species generated by intense irradiation of
chromophores that are immediately adjacent to the protein. Because FRAP also uses a bright
flash of light to bleach fluorophores, the question naturally arises as to how much CALI
occurs during a typical FRAP experiment. Indeed, the motivation for this study was to
understand why one could perform a FRAP measurement on EGFP-capping protein (EGFP-
CP) in vivo without obtaining the protrusive phenotype observed in CALI (Vitriol et al.
2007). To achieve both our original goal and an expanded set of objectives that arose during
this study, we employed the Virtual Cell platform and a mathematical description
embodying the dendritic nucleation model for actin polymerization (Ditlev et al. 2009) to
simulate FRAP and CALI experiments on EGFP-CP (Vitriol et al. 2007). By comparing
simulation results directly to data obtained from FRAP experiments, we show that the rate
constant for the dissociation of CPs from barbed ends must be much larger than the values
reported for in vitro measurements. Our results are consistent with recent experimental
results (Iwasa and Mullins 2007; Miyoshi et al. 2006).
Simulation of CALI experiments on knockdown-rescue EGFP-CP cells revealed that anti-
capping activity is required to induce sustainable changes in cell morphology after CP
inactivation. This prompted us to explicitly include VASP protein as an anti-capping agent
in the model. Interestingly, the model predicts that VASP affinity for barbed ends must be
cooperatively dependent on concentration of VASP-barbed ends complexes (VASP_BE).
Thus, locally high concentration of uncapped barbed ends, such as those produced by CALI,
is able to create large number of VASP-BE complexes in close proximity to each other with
Kapustina et al.Page 2
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the consequence that the VASP dissociation rate from barbed ends is decreased, possibly
due to VASP clustering. This positive feedback stabilizes VASP, antagonizes recapping and
leads to rapid filament elongation. Finally, by analyzing the range of laser intensities that
produce morphological changes in CALI of EGFP-CP, we address the issue of whether
intensities typically used for FRAP experiments produce significant collateral CALI.
The Virtual Cell modeling and simulation software was used for this work (http://vcell.org).
The Virtual Cell provides a formal framework for modeling biochemical,
electrophysiological, and transport phenomena while considering the subcellular localization
of the molecules that take part in them. This localization can take the form of a three-
dimensional (3D) arbitrarily shaped cell, where the molecular species might be
heterogeneously distributed. Each 2D or 3D model explicitly considers the diffusion of the
molecules within the geometry, as well as their reactions. The spatiotemporal changes to the
concentrations of molecular species are governed by a mass conservation law: the rate of
concentration change of a molecular species inside a volume element is caused by all the
reactions that affect this species and diffusion fluxes coming in and out of the element.
(Slepchenko et al. 2003). The mass and charge conservation laws, which form the physical
basis in the Virtual Cell, are mathematically expressed by a system of differential equations
In this study, we employ a biochemical and mathematical description embodying the
dendritic nucleation model for actin polymerization on Virtual Cell platform. The
biochemistry and polymer physical chemistry underlying the Actin Dendritic Nucleation
model has been thoroughly described (Ditlev et al. 2009) and it includes:
activation of Arp2/3 at the cell membrane by a nucleation promoting factor (e.g.
nucleation and branching on preexisting F-actin by activated Arp2/3 and 2 actin
monomers (including profilin-bound G-actin)(Beltzner and Pollard 2008; Carlsson
et al. 2004);
dissociation of Arp2/3 branches in the cytoplasm (Mahaffy and Pollard 2006);
interconversions between the ATP, ADP and ADP·Pi forms of both monomeric G-
actin and filamentous F-actin (Blanchoin and Pollard 2002; Fujiwara et al. 2007;
Kinosian et al. 2000; Melki et al. 1996);
assembly and disassembly of these 3 nucleotide-bound monomer forms to each of
the 3 forms of barbed and pointed ends (i.e. 18 unique pairs of forward and reverse
reactions) (Kinosian et al. 2002; Pollard and Cooper 1986);
acceleration of nucleotide exchange on G-actin by profilin (Blanchoin and Pollard
1998; Godschmidt-Clermont et al. 1991; Kinosian et al. 2000);
addition of G-actin associated with profilin to barbed ends (Godschmidt-Clermont
et al. 1991; Kang et al. 1999; Kinosian et al. 2002);
capping of the 3 forms of barbed ends (Kuhn and Pollard 2007; Schafer et al. 1996;
Wear and Cooper 2004);
length-dependent annealing and fragmentation of actin filaments
(Andrianantoandro et al. 2001; Sept et al. 1999);
buffering of G-actin by thymosin-β4 (Carlier et al. 1993; Kang et al. 1999;
Nachmias 1993);
Kapustina et al. Page 3
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severing and accelerated disassembly of actin filaments by ADF/cofilin
(Andrianantoandro and Pollard 2006; Blanchoin and Pollard 1998; Blanchoin and
Pollard 1999; Blanchoin et al. 2000; Cai et al. 2007; Cao et al. 2006; Carlsson
2006; Ressad et al. 1999; Ressad et al. 1998).
The individual mechanisms and their parameters were based on published data, as detailed
in the "Table of Sources" provided in the supplementary material (Ditlev et al. 2009). and
within a BioModel entitled "Actin Dendritic Nucleation" that is accessible in the Virtual
Cell database under username "les".
The model was formulated as a continuum model consisting of systems of partial differential
equations. This necessitated the formulation of approaches that could consolidate the infinite
number of possible states of actin to a reduced set of variables. Thus, the concentrations of
actin in the different nucleotide forms were expressed in terms of the concentration of actin
subunits. The hydrolysis of ATP to ADPPi and the dissociation of the ADPPi forms to ADP
are explicitly included in the reaction network for all the actin species. The model
independently keeps track of the concentration of barbed and pointed ends in each of the
nucleotide-bound forms; these depend on both the hydrolysis and dissociation reactions of
the nucleotide as well as the addition or dissociation of the various nucleotide forms of
monomers. The total concentration of subunits in actin filaments is given by the sum of all
the state variables corresponding to different forms of F-actin, including all forms of free
and capped ends, Arp2/3-bound and cofilin-bound subunits. The concentration of filaments
can be calculated from the sum of all the pointed ends, i.e., in all three nucleotide forms and
both free and Arp2/3-capped in branches. The average filament length, in number of
subunits, is given by the total concentration of F-actin divided by the concentration of
For all simulations in this paper we used the following total concentrations of molecular
species: [profilin]=10 μM, [cofilin]=5 μM, [thymosin β4]=100μM, [Arp2/3]=1μM and a
total actin concentration=200 μM. All proteins within the cytoplasm were assumed to have a
diffusion coefficient of 5 μm2/s, while for actin filaments, the diffusion coefficient was
assumed to be 0.01 μm2/s. The diffusion coefficient, concentration and actin binding and
dissociation rate constants for the CP were varied in the simulations.
In this study, the original Actin Dendritic Nucleation model was modified to include
mechanisms for anticapping activity by Ena/VASP and for simulation of FRAP and CALI of
EGFP-CP. The modified computational models for FRAP and CALI simulations are
available as the BioModels entitled "CALI", "FRAP" "Filopodia formation" in the Virtual
Cell database under username "marynka".
Modifications of the model
To simulate the photobleaching during FRAP or CALI computational experiments several
new "species" ("laser", "Cap_dark") were added to the reaction scheme as shown in Fig. 1.
During the bleaching phase, the new species "laser" transforms EGFP-CP, both free
molecules and those bound to three barbed ends forms (CBarbedT, CBarbedDPi, CBarbedD
corresponding to the 3 nucleotide-bound forms, respectively: ATP, ADP-Pi, or ADP), into
"dark" forms of the same molecules (Cap_dark, CBarbedT_dark, CBarbedDPi_dark,
CBarbedD_dark). All "dark" forms of CP were assumed to have the same diffusion
coefficient as unbleached EGFP-CP. To model the FRAP experiments, the dark form of
EGFP-CP was assumed to participate in all the chemical reactions that unbleached EGFP-
CP does. In the CALI simulations, laser inactivated EGFP-CP can not bind to barbed ends,
so kon for inactive EGFP-CP (species Cap_dark) is equal to zero.
Kapustina et al.Page 4
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NIH-PA Author Manuscript
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The VASP molecule (Fig. 1, green rectangle) was included in four different forms, the free
VASP molecule and complexed with the three nucleotide-bound barbed ends
(VASP_CBarbedT, VASP_CBarbedDPi, and VASP_CBarbedD). VASP-barbed end
complexes were assumed to be able to participate in all the biochemical reactions that free
barbed ends do but were not able to bind capping protein. The VASP binding and
dissociation rate constants are discussed in Results.
Cell geometry
FRAP and CALI experiments were performed on fibroblasts adherent to glass substrates and
fully spread (Vitriol et al. 2007). For the CALI experiments, the diameter of TEM00
Gaussian profile laser beam (width at 1/e2 of peak intensity) was 23.4 μm and the ratio of
the irradiated area to the entire cell surface was between 1/6 and ¼. To approximate the ratio
of the laser beam diameter to the cell size, the cell radius in the model was set to 25 μm. To
model cell geometry in the numerical simulations, we modified the analytical geometry
employed in the actin polymerization model (Ditlev et al. 2009). The computational domain
consisted of a cell with radius R=25 μm, a height (H) in the center of 4μm and thickness at
the edge of the lamellipodium of 0.3μm (Fig. 1A). To decrease the computational time, the
model equations for the FRAP simulations were solved only in half of the cell, because the
irradiated area during the FRAP (R=2.5 μm) was substantially smaller than the entire cell
body. The modified computational models for FRAP and CALI simulations are available as
the BioModels entitled "CALI", "FRAP" "Filopodia formation" in the Virtual Cell database
under username "marynka".
The resulting system of partial differential algebraic equations was solved using the finite
volume solver available in Virtual Cell (Moraru et al. 2008; Novak et al. 2007; Schaff et al.
1997; Schaff et al. 2001; Slepchenko et al. 2000), using a regular rectangular grid of 150 ×
75 × 12 elements and 0.002 s time step for FRAP simulations and 150 × 150 × 36 elements
and 0.02 s time step for CALI simulations. The accuracy of the simulations was checked by
refining the mesh and using shorter time steps. The computations were carried out on the
computer cluster of Center for Cell Analysis and Modeling (CCAM).
Steady state distribution of actin filaments
It is known that cell adhesion and spreading involves complex and dynamic rearrangements
of the actin cytoskeleton (Dobereiner et al. 2004) that are coordinated and controlled by the
Arp2/3 complex (Lai et al. 2008). The nucleation function of the Arp2/3 complex is
activated by a member of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome family protein, N-WASP (Anton et
al. 2007; Chesarone and Goode 2009) located on the membrane
Initially simulations were run for a sufficiently long time to achieve a steady state and to
generate a distribution of actin filaments that is similar to those observed in spread cells. In
this case, high concentrations of short filaments reside near the edge of lamellipodium while
longer filaments are present toward the center of the cell. To produce this filament
distribution, the concentration of N-WASP is taken to be small (5 to 20 molecules/μm2) on
the majority of the plasma membrane but greatly increases (25 to 200 molecules/μm2) in
regions within 2.5 μm of the cell edge. A similar pattern of N-WASP distribution was
reported in (Sukumvanich et al. 2004). For each parameter set, the model initially was
simulated for 200 s, which was sufficient to allow all concentrations to come to steady state.
The steady state concentration profiles were used later as the initial conditions for the FRAP
or CALI simulations.
Kapustina et al.Page 5
Cytoskeleton (Hoboken). Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 August 1.
NIH-PA Author Manuscript
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NIH-PA Author Manuscript


text:
J&L Harley-Davidson | 2601 W. 60th St North | Sioux Falls, SD 57107 | (605) 334-2721 | email@example.com
Make-A-Wish SD | 1400 W 17th | Sioux Falls, SD 57104 | (605) t335-8000 | email@example.com
We've Raised Over 2 Million Dollars
Because of You. Help Us Spread the Word!
J&L Harley-Davidson | 2601 W. 60th St North | Sioux Falls, SD 57107 | (605) 334-2721 | firstname.lastname@example.com
Make-A-Wish SD | 1400 W 17th | Sioux Falls, SD 57104 | (605) t335-8000 | firstname.lastname@example.com
Enrich Your Life. Become A Volunteer or A Sponsor.
Hot Harley Nights could not happen without the support of our community and volunteers.
Are you interested in learning more about volunteer opportunities, being a sponsor or how to get involved?
For more information, call J&L Harley-Davidson at (605) 334.2721 or click here.
Dylan is our Wish Kid. She is eleven, loves ballet and is rarely seen without a smile or a gaggle of friends. And she has loved princesses since she was born, especially Cinderella.
Dylan was born eight weeks early with multiple medical issues ranging from craniofacial defects, to hearing loss, to learning delays, to multiple congenital heart defects. And it is because of her broken heart that we are now and forever a wish family...
Get Ready For The 20th Anniversary of HHN!
Thursday, July 9 — Sunday, July 12, 2015
Mark your calendars now for the 20th Anniversary of Hot Harley Nights. With an event this special, it's going to be bigger and better than ever.
We're already looking forward to spending it with you. Throw in all the great music, bikes, events, prizes, and Wish kids and we guarantee you will Ride, Rock, and Make Wishes Come True like never before.
Dylan's Wish
You Rode, You Rocked And
You Made Wishes Come True.
We are proud to announce that with your support of Hot Harley Nights 2014, a check was written to Make-A-Wish South Dakota for $172,763.04.
The 19-year running total for Hot Harley Nights is now well over two million dollars donated to Make-A-Wish South Dakota.
We are grateful to everyone who participated and gave in any way. Nothing compares to the power of a wish!
Win This 2015 Harley-Davidson Fat Boy Lo


text:
Nice Pan artworks you have, i pretend that's a fixed GT Pan, not the bratty GT Pan
this is good....i love pan and hate the pan haters...i wonder why some people complain Pan was strong and cute
I like Pan. She should have had a Cell saga Gohan role.
thanks for comment!
No problem. You know I heard Akira did not know how to draw them her and Bra as SSJs ich is bullshit. I would however understand not knowing how to draw them as SSJ3s. BTW care to check out some of my work
Why was Pan and Bra not Super Saiyans there has to be a good reason for that
creo que está algo ensanchado.
Muy bueno tío, me encantó!!!
look good


text:
Hope of Easter at BibleWalk
Thursday, March 28, 2013
10:00 am - 5:00 pm
This year experience the Hope of Easter at BibleWalk in Mansfield. Extended holiday hours: March 24th Palm Sunday 3pm to 7pm, Easter Week Monday-Saturday 10am to 5pm, Easter Sunday 3pm to 7pm. For further information visit www.biblewalk.us.
« Back to Calendar
- July 8thWHC Emergency Food Pantry
- July 8thWHC FREE CLOTHING
- July 8thThe Truth Project College Bible Study
July 7th


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Axel-In-Charge: In-Depth with Alonso on Marvel's "All-New, All-Different" Lineup
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Conventions | As comics conventions continue to become an international phenomenon, ReedPOP bags a big one: The company behind New York Comic Con, C2E2, Star Wars Celebration and Penny Arcade Expo has announced a partnership with Oz Comic-Con, which runs several conventions in different locations in Australia. [press release]
Passings | Paul Burgarino reports on Sunday's memorial service for Wee Pals cartoonist Morrie Turner, who died last month at the age of 90. Wee Pals was the first comic strip by a black creator to get a national syndication deal, and speakers remembered him as both a pioneer and an inspiration. "Through your unique artistry and personal kindness, you've helped show the world what we can be, should be and must be," said David Shaffer, the son of one of Turner's close friends. [Contra Costa Times]
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Netflix to Exclusively Premiere BBC Hit Drama HAPPY VALLEY in U.S. & Canada
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November 05, 2014
|Related: HAPPY VALLEY, Netflix
The hit BBC drama series, "Happy Valley" will make its US and Canadian debut on Wednesday, August 20, 2014 on Netflix, the world's leading Internet TV network.
"We're proud to add this highly lauded, masterfully crafted and brilliantly acted British series to the exclusive offerings Netflix viewers in the US and Canada can enjoy," said Elizabeth Bradley, Vice president of content acquisition at Netflix. "Already recognized as one of the top dramas of 2014, 'Happy Valley,' is sure to keep our viewers on the edge of their seats."
Starring BAFTA winner Sarah Lancashire ("Last Tango in Halifax"), "Happy Valley" is a compelling six-part drama written by BAFTA nominated writer Sally Wainwright ("Last Tango in Halifax," "Scott & Bailey"). It revolves around the personal and professional life of a hard-working, dedicated police woman (Lancashire), in a small town where drunkards, drug addicts and teenage pregnancies are a way of life. Her world is turned upside down when the man she thinks is responsible for her daughter's death - Tommy Lee Royce (James Norton) - is released from prison. The series also stars Steve Pemberton ("Whitechapel"), Siobhan Finneran ("Downton Abbey"), George Costigan ("Scott & Bailey," "Calendar Girls") and Joe Armstrong ("Robin Hood").
Nicola Shindler ("Last Tango in Halifax") and Wainwright serve as executive producers on "Happy Valley." The series is a Red Production Company production for the BBC. It premiered on BBC One in the UK to 7.6 million viewers, winning its time slot. The series finale notched up an unprecedented 92.5 rating for the national broadcaster - BBC One's highest ever AI for a drama series - and was recently nominated for a TVChoice 2014 Nomination.
About Netflix:
Netflix is the world's leading Internet television network with over 50 million members in more than 40 countries enjoying more than one billion hours of TV shows and movies per month, including original series. For a low monthly price, Netflix members can watch as much as they want, anytime, anywhere, on nearly any Internet-connected screen. Members can play, pause and resume watching, all without commercials or commitments.
About BBC Worldwide:
BBC Worldwide is the main commercial arm and a wholly owned subsidiary of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). Its vision is to build the BBC's brands, audiences, commercial returns and reputation across the world. This is achieved through investing in, commercialising and showcasing content from the BBC around the world, in a way that is consistent with BBC standards and values. The business also champions British creativity globally. In 2013/14, BBC Worldwide generated headline profits of £157.4m and headline sales of £1,042.3m and returned £173.8m to the BBC.
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