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2D Axisymmetric Coupled CFD-kinetics Modeling of a Nonthermal Arc Plasma Torch for Diesel Fuel
E-Print Network [OSTI]
-assisted diesel fuel reformer developed for two different applications: (i) onboard H2 production for fuel cell been also developed for different reforming reactors: solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)7 , membrane reformer1 2D Axisymmetric Coupled CFD-kinetics Modeling of a Nonthermal Arc Plasma Torch for Diesel Fuel
Boyer, Edmond
Characterization of a novel 2D array dosimeter for patient-specific quality assurance with volumetric arc therapy
SciTech Connect (OSTI)
Purpose: In this study, the authors are evaluating a new, commercially available 2D array that offers 3D dose reconstruction for patient specific intensity modulated radiation therapy quality assurance (IMRT QA).Methods: The OCTAVIUS 4D system and its accompanying software (VERISOFT) by PTW were evaluated for the accuracy of the dose reconstruction for patient specific pretreatment IMRT QA. OCTAVIUS 4D measures the dose plane at the linac isocenter as the phantom rotates synchronously with the gantry, maintaining perpendicularity with the beam, by means of an inclinometer and a motor. The measurements collected during a volumetric modulated arc therapy delivery (VMAT) are reconstructed into a 3D dose volume. The VERISOFT application is used to perform the analysis, by comparing the reconstructed dose against the 3D dose matrix from the treatment planning system (TPS) that is computed for the same geometry and beam arrangement as that of the measurement. In this study, the authors evaluated the 3D dose reconstruction algorithm of this new system using a series of tests. Using the Octavius 4D phantom as the patient, dose distributions for various field sizes, beam orientations, shapes, and combination of fields were calculated using the Pinnacle3, TPS, and the respective DICOMRT dose was exported to the VERISOFT analysis software. Measurements were obtained by delivering the test treatment plans and comparisons were made based on gamma index, dose profiles, and isodose distribution analysis. In addition, output factors were measured and the dose linearity of the array was assessed. Those measurements were compared against measurements in water using a single, calibrated ionization chamber as well as calculations from Pinnacle for the same delivery geometries.Results: The number of voxels that met the 3%/3 mm criteria for the volumetric 3D gamma index analysis ranged from 92.3% to 98.9% for all the patient plans that the authors evaluated. 2D gamma analysis in the axial, sagittal, and coronal planes produced similar results to those in the 3D gamma analysis. The new detector system does not require an angular dependence correction because it rotates in synchrony with the gantry and the detector array maintains a constant SAD while always perpendicular to the beam axis. Output factors were within 2% when compared to ionization chamber measurements and Pinnacle calculations. Similar agreement was observed when testing the MU linearity (for MU values above 2) as well as dose rate effect.Conclusions: The OCTAVIUS 4D system has some unique characteristics that can potentially improve the patient specific pretreatment IMRT QA data collection and analysis. The ability of the software to reconstruct from the measurements the true 3D dose distribution in the phantom, provides a unique perspective for the medical physicist that evaluates a patient's QA plan.
Stathakis, Sotirios; Myers, Pamela; Esquivel, Carlos; Mavroidis, Panayiotis; Papanikolaou, Nikos [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229 (United States)
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
ARC INSTITUTE FOR SCHOOL PARTNERSHIP WIND ENERGY 2 : : D eveloped b y P ARC & S cience O utreach, w ith s upport f rom t he T oshiba A merica F oundation : : W ashington U...
Microstructure evolution of Al/Mg butt joints welded by gas tungsten arc with Zn filler metal
Based on the idea of alloying welding seam, Gas tungsten arc welding method with pure Zn filler metal was chosen to join Mg alloy and Al alloy. The microstructures, phases, element distribution and fracture morphology of welding seams were examined. The results indicate that there was a transitional zone in the width of 80-100 {mu}m between the Mg alloy substrate and fusion zone. The fusion zone was mainly composed of MgZn{sub 2}, Zn-based solid solution and Al-based solid solution. The welding seam presented distinct morphology in different location owning to the quite high cooling rate of the molten pool. The addition of Zn metal could prevent the formation of Mg-Al intermetallics and form the alloyed welding seam during welding. Therefore, the tensile strengths of joints have been significantly improved compared with those of gas tungsten arc welded joints without Zn metal added. Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Mg alloy AZ31B and Al alloy 6061 are welded successfully. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Zinc wire is employed as a filler metal to form the alloyed welding seam. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer An alloyed welding seam is benefit for improving of the joint tensile strength.
Liu Fei; Zhang Zhaodong; Liu Liming, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Longevity of Duct Tape in Residential Air Distribution Systems: 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D Joints
This paper addresses the effectiveness of using duct tape in sealing residential air distribution systems through two laboratory longevity tests. The first test involved the aging of common �core-to-collar joints� of flexible duct to sheet metal...
Abushakra, B.
GBL-2D Version 1.0: a 2D geometry boolean library.
This report describes version 1.0 of GBL-2D, a geometric Boolean library for 2D objects. The library is written in C++ and consists of a set of classes and routines. The classes primarily represent geometric data and relationships. Classes are provided for 2D points, lines, arcs, edge uses, loops, surfaces and mask sets. The routines contain algorithms for geometric Boolean operations and utility functions. Routines are provided that incorporate the Boolean operations: Union(OR), XOR, Intersection and Difference. A variety of additional analytical geometry routines and routines for importing and exporting the data in various file formats are also provided. The GBL-2D library was originally developed as a geometric modeling engine for use with a separate software tool, called SummitView [1], that manipulates the 2D mask sets created by designers of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS). However, many other practical applications for this type of software can be envisioned because the need to perform 2D Boolean operations can arise in many contexts.
McBride, Cory L. (Elemental Technologies, American Fort, UT); Schmidt, Rodney Cannon; Yarberry, Victor R.; Meyers, Ray J. (Elemental Technologies, American Fort, UT)
PROCEDURES FOR ARC PROJECTS Revised - May 2013 Agricultural Research Center Washington State University #12;Table of Contents THE PROJECT SYSTEM, AN INTRODUCTION................................................................................. 5 DEVELOPING AN ARC PROJECT
Collins, Gary S.
Rotating arc spark plug
DOE Patents [OSTI]
A spark plug device includes a structure for modification of an arc, the modification including arc rotation. The spark plug can be used in a combustion engine to reduce emissions and/or improve fuel economy. A method for operating a spark plug and a combustion engine having the spark plug device includes the step of modifying an arc, the modifying including rotating the arc.
Whealton, John H.; Tsai, Chin-Chi
DC arc weld starter
A system for starting an arc for welding uses three DC power supplies, a high voltage supply for initiating the arc, an intermediate voltage supply for sustaining the arc, and a low voltage welding supply directly connected across the gap after the high voltage supply is disconnected.
Campiotti, Richard H. (Tracy, CA); Hopwood, James E. (Oakley, CA)
Arc Position Sensing Technology
are often caused by solidification problems that arise during the melting and refining process. A common problem is arc constriction during melting. Previously, these...
2D Gauge Field Theory
We show from the action integral that under the assumption of longitudinal dominance and transverse confinement, QCD4 in (3+1) dimensional space-time can be approximately compactified into QCD2 in (1+1) dimensional space-time. In such a process, we find the relation between the coupling constant $g(2D)$ in QCD2 and the coupling constant $g(4D)$ in QCD4. We also show that quarks and gluons in QCD2 acquire masses as a result of the compactification.
Koshelkin, Andrey V. [Moscow Institute for Physics and Engineering, Russia] [Moscow Institute for Physics and Engineering, Russia; Wong, Cheuk-Yin [ORNL] [ORNL
Welding arc initiator
An improved inert gas shielded tungsten arc welder is disclosed of the type wherein a tungsten electrode is shielded within a flowing inert gas, and, an arc, following ignition, burns between the energized tungsten electrode and a workpiece. The improvement comprises in combination with the tungsten electrode, a starting laser focused upon the tungsten electrode which to ignite the electrode heats a spot on the energized electrode sufficient for formation of a thermionic arc. Interference problems associated with high frequency starters are thus overcome.
Correy, Thomas B. (Richland, WA)
An improved inert gas shielded tungsten arc welder is disclosed of the type wherein a tungsten electrode is shielded within a flowing inert gas, and, an arc, following ignition, burns between the energized tungsten electrode and a workpiece. The improvement comprises in combination with the tungsten electrode, a starting laser focused upon the tungsten electrode which to ignite the electrode heats a spot on the energized electrode sufficient for formation of a thermionic arc. Interference problems associated with high frequency starters are thus overcome. 3 figs.
Correy, T.B.
Electric arc saw apparatus
A portable, hand held electric arc saw has a small frame for supporting an electrically conducting rotary blade which serves as an electrode for generating an electric arc to erode a workpiece. Electric current is supplied to the blade by biased brushes and a slip ring which are mounted in the frame. A pair of freely movable endless belts in the form of crawler treads stretched between two pulleys are used to facilitate movement of the electric arc saw. The pulleys are formed of dielectric material to electrically insulate the crawler treads from the frame.
Deichelbohrer, Paul R [Richland, WA
Vacuum arc deposition devices
The vacuum arc is a high-current, low-voltage electrical discharge which produces a plasma consisting of vaporized and ionized electrode material. In the most common cathodic arc deposition systems, the arc concentrates at minute cathode spots on the cathode surface and the plasma is emitted as a hypersonic jet, with some degree of contamination by molten droplets [known as macroparticles (MPs)] of the cathode material. In vacuum arc deposition systems, the location and motion of the cathode spots are confined to desired surfaces by an applied magnetic field and shields around undesired surfaces. Substrates are mounted on a holder so that they intercept some portion of the plasma jet. The substrate often provides for negative bias to control the energy of depositing ions and heating or cooling to control the substrate temperature. In some systems, a magnetic field is used to guide the plasma around an obstacle which blocks the MPs. These elements are integrated with a deposition chamber, cooling, vacuum gauges and pumps, and power supplies to produce a vacuum arc deposition system.
Boxman, R.L.; Zhitomirsky, V.N. [Electrical Discharge and Plasma Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, Tel Aviv 69978 (Israel)
College of Design ARC Architecture
College of Design ARC Architecture KEY: # = new course * = course changed = course dropped,landscape,andarchitecturalspaceswithattentiontotheirapplicationtothearchitecturalexperience.Studio:4hoursperweek. Prereq: Admission to the School of Architecture. ARC 102 DRAWING II: OBSERVATIONAL OF ARCHITECTURE. (3
MacAdam, Keith
Ceramic joints
Butt joints between materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion are prepared having a reduced probability of failure of stress facture. This is accomplished by narrowing/tapering the material having the lower coefficient of thermal expansion in a direction away from the joint interface and not joining the narrow-tapered surface to the material having the higher coefficient of thermal expansion.
Miller, Bradley J. (Worcester, MA); Patten, Jr., Donald O. (Sterling, MA)
Hall-effect arc protector
The Hall-Effect Arc Protector is used to protect sensitive electronics from high energy arcs. The apparatus detects arcs by monitoring an electrical conductor, of the instrument, for changes in the electromagnetic field surrounding the conductor which would be indicative of a possible arcing condition. When the magnitude of the monitored electromagnetic field exceeds a predetermined threshold, the potential for an instrument damaging are exists and the control system logic activates a high speed circuit breaker. The activation of the breaker shunts the energy imparted to the input signal through a dummy load to the ground. After the arc condition is terminated, the normal signal path is restored.
Rankin, Richard A. (Ammon, ID); Kotter, Dale K. (Shelley, ID)
The Hall-Effect Arc Protector is used to protect sensitive electronics from high energy arcs. The apparatus detects arcs by monitoring an electrical conductor, of the instrument, for changes in the electromagnetic field surrounding the conductor which would be indicative of a possible arcing condition. When the magnitude of the monitored electromagnetic field exceeds a predetermined threshold, the potential for an instrument damaging are exists and the control system logic activates a high speed circuit breaker. The activation of the breaker shunts the energy imparted to the input signal through a dummy load to the ground. After the arc condition is terminated, the normal signal path is restored. 2 figs.
Rankin, R.A.; Kotter, D.K.
Arc Position Sensing
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth (AOD)ProductssondeadjustsondeadjustAbout theOFFICEAmesApplication2 (CRAC 2 period)Office2Arbitrary FunctionArc
2D microwave imaging reflectometer electronics
A 2D microwave imaging reflectometer system has been developed to visualize electron density fluctuations on the DIII-D tokamak. Simultaneously illuminated at four probe frequencies, large aperture optics image reflections from four density-dependent cutoff surfaces in the plasma over an extended region of the DIII-D plasma. Localized density fluctuations in the vicinity of the plasma cutoff surfaces modulate the plasma reflections, yielding a 2D image of electron density fluctuations. Details are presented of the receiver down conversion electronics that generate the in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) reflectometer signals from which 2D density fluctuation data are obtained. Also presented are details on the control system and backplane used to manage the electronics as well as an introduction to the computer based control program.
Spear, A. G.; Domier, C. W., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Hu, X.; Muscatello, C. M.; Ren, X.; Luhmann, N. C. [Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (United States); Tobias, B. J. [Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543 (United States)
Arc fault detection system
An arc fault detection system for use on ungrounded or high-resistance-grounded power distribution systems is provided which can be retrofitted outside electrical switchboard circuits having limited space constraints. The system includes a differential current relay that senses a current differential between current flowing from secondary windings located in a current transformer coupled to a power supply side of a switchboard, and a total current induced in secondary windings coupled to a load side of the switchboard. When such a current differential is experienced, a current travels through a operating coil of the differential current relay, which in turn opens an upstream circuit breaker located between the switchboard and a power supply to remove the supply of power to the switchboard.
Jha, Kamal N. (Bethel Park, PA)
An arc fault detection system for use on ungrounded or high-resistance-grounded power distribution systems is provided which can be retrofitted outside electrical switchboard circuits having limited space constraints. The system includes a differential current relay that senses a current differential between current flowing from secondary windings located in a current transformer coupled to a power supply side of a switchboard, and a total current induced in secondary windings coupled to a load side of the switchboard. When such a current differential is experienced, a current travels through a operating coil of the differential current relay, which in turn opens an upstream circuit breaker located between the switchboard and a power supply to remove the supply of power to the switchboard. 1 fig.
Jha, K.N.
Oxygen and Nitrogen Contamination During Arc Welding
) ) : ,- Oxygen and Nitrogen Contamination During Arc Welding T. W. Eagar Department of }faterials, shielded metal arc, self-shielded metal arc, and submerged arc welding are reviewed. Calcu- lations upon heating is also discussed. Introduction Oxygen and nitrogen ~ontamination of weld metal
Eagar, Thomas W.
Visible Light Emissions during Gas Tungsten Arc Welding and Its Application to Weld
emission, were also determined. An improved image of the weld pool can be obtained by operating within will require development of new sensor systems. As the "Yelding arc is a harsh environment, noncontacting to control joint tracking and weld E. W. KIM, C. ALLEMAND and T. W. EAGAR are with the Massachusetts
2-D color code quantum computation
We describe in detail how to perform universal fault-tolerant quantum computation on a 2-D color code, making use of only nearest neighbor interactions. Three defects (holes) in the code are used to represent logical qubits. Triple defect logical qubits are deformed into isolated triangular sections of color code to enable transversal implementation of all single logical qubit Clifford group gates. CNOT is implemented between pairs of triple defect logical qubits via braiding.
Austin G. Fowler
Hydrologic Modeling with Arc Hydro Tools 1 Copyright 2007 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro
Hydrologic Modeling with Arc Hydro Tools 1 Copyright © 2007 ESRI. All rights reserved. Arc Hydro Arc Hydro: GIS in Water Resources Seminar/Workshop Gainesville, Florida November 15, 2007 Christine Dartiguenave, ESRI inc. firstname.lastname@example.com #12;Hydrologic Modeling with Arc Hydro Tools 2 2Arc Hydro
Kane, Andrew S.
Percussive arc welding apparatus
A percussive arc welding apparatus includes a generally cylindrical actuator body having front and rear end portions and defining an internal recess. The front end of the body includes an opening. A solenoid assembly is provided in the rear end portion in the internal recess of the body, and an actuator shaft assembly is provided in the front end portion in the internal recess of the actuator body. The actuator shaft assembly includes a generally cylindrical actuator block having first and second end portions, and an actuator shaft having a front end extending through the opening in the actuator body, and the rear end connected to the first end portion of the actuator block. The second end portion of the actuator block is in operational engagement with the solenoid shaft by a non-rigid connection to reduce the adverse rebound effects of the actuator shaft. A generally transversely extending pin is rigidly secured to the rear end of the shaft. One end of the pin is received in a slot in the nose housing sleeve to prevent rotation of the actuator shaft during operation of the apparatus.
Hollar, Jr., Donald L. (Overland Park, KS)
The equilibrium states of 2D non-coarsening fluid foams, which consist of bubbles with fixed areas, correspond to local minima of the total perimeter. (1) The authors find an approximate value of the global minimum, and determine directly from an image how far a foam is from its ground state. (2) For (small) area disorder, small bubbles tend to sort inwards and large bubbles outwards. (3) Topological charges of the same sign repel while charges of opposite sign attract. (4) They discuss boundary conditions and the uniqueness of the pattern for fixed topology.
Dissipative flows of 2D foams
We analyze the flow of a liquid foam between two plates separated by a gap of the order of the bubble size (2D foam). We concentrate on the salient features of the flow that are induced by the presence, in an otherwise monodisperse foam, of a single large bubble whose size is one order of magnitude larger than the average size. We describe a model suited for numerical simulations of flows of 2D foams made up of a large number of bubbles. The numerical results are successfully compared to analytical predictions based on scaling arguments and on continuum medium approximations. When the foam is pushed inside the cell at a controlled rate, two basically different regimes occur: a plug flow is observed at low flux whereas, above a threshold, the large bubble migrates faster than the mean flow. The detailed characterization of the relative velocity of the large bubble is the essential aim of the present paper. The relative velocity values, predicted both from numerical and from analytical calculations that are discussed here in great detail, are found to be in fair agreement with experimental results.
Isabelle Cantat; Renaud Delannay
High pressure neon arc lamp
A high pressure neon arc lamp and method of using the same for photodynamic therapies is provided. The high pressure neon arc lamp includes a housing that encloses a quantity of neon gas pressurized to about 500 Torr to about 22,000 Torr. At each end of the housing the lamp is connected by electrodes and wires to a pulse generator. The pulse generator generates an initial pulse voltage to breakdown the impedance of the neon gas. Then the pulse generator delivers a current through the neon gas to create an electrical arc that emits light having wavelengths from about 620 nanometers to about 645 nanometers. A method for activating a photosensitizer is provided. Initially, a photosensitizer is administered to a patient and allowed time to be absorbed into target cells. Then the high pressure neon arc lamp is used to illuminate the target cells with red light having wavelengths from about 620 nanometers to about 645 nanometers. The red light activates the photosensitizers to start a chain reaction that may involve oxygen free radicals to destroy the target cells. In this manner, a high pressure neon arc lamp that is inexpensive and efficiently generates red light useful in photodynamic therapy is provided.
Sze, Robert C.; Bigio, Irving J.
Studying large-scale structure with the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey is the first to observe more than 100,000 redshifts. This allows precise measurements of many of the key statistics of galaxy clustering, in particular redshift-space distortions and the large-scale power spectrum. This paper presents the current 2dFGRS results in these areas. Redshift-space distortions are detected with a high degree of significance, confirming the detailed Kaiser distortion from large-scale infall velocities, and measuring the distortion parameter beta equiv Omega_m^{0.6}/b = 0.43 +- 0.07. The power spectrum is measured to 0.02 h Mpc^{-1}, and is well fitted by a CDM model with Omega_m h = 0.20 +- 0.03 and a baryon fraction of 0.15 +- 0.07. A joint analysis with CMB data requires Omega_m = 0.29 +- 0.05, assuming scalar fluctuations, but no priors on other parameters. Two methods are used to determine the large-scale bias parameter: an internal bispectrum analysis yields b = 1.04 +- 0.11, in very good agreement with the b = 1.10 +- 0.08 obtained from a joint 2dFGRS+CMB analysis, again assuming scalar fluctuations. These figures refer to galaxies of approximate luminosity 2L^*; luminosity dependence of clustering is detected at high significance, and is well described by b/b^* = 0.85 + 0.15(L/L^*).
J. A. Peacock; M. Colless; I. Baldry; C. Baugh; J. Bland-Hawthorn; T. J. Bridges; R. Cannon; S. Cole; C. A. Collins; W. Couch; G. B. Dalton; R. De Propris; S. P. Driver; G. Efstathiou; R. S. Ellis; C. S. Frenk; K. Glazebrook; C. A. Jackson; O. Lahav; I. J. Lewis; S. Lumsden; S. J. Maddox; D. Madgwick; P. Norberg; W. Percival; B. A. Peterson; W. J. Sutherland; K. Taylor
2D Dirac Materials: From Graphene to Topological Insulators
2D Topological Insulators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .structure for a topological insulator. The Dirac cone fallsband structure for topological insulators. With the Fermi
Teweldebrhan, Desalegne Bekuretsion
2D 3D * iklee)@yonsei.ac.kr
1 2012 2D 3D * 0 , 1 , 2 0,2 1 ( 0 skrcjstk, 2 iklee)@yonsei.ac.kr 1 rinthel Science, Yonsei University. 1 Dept. of Information Media, The University of Suwon. 2D 3D . 2D - , 3D (Disparity) 3D . . 1. 3D 3D . 3D 3D [1
Lee, In-Kwon
Laboratory experiments on arc deflection and instability
This article describes experiments on arc deflection instability carried out during the past few years at the Princeton University Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL). The approach has been that of plasma physicists interested in arcs, but they believe these results may be useful to engineers who are responsible for controlling arc behavior in large electric steel furnaces.
Zweben, S.; Karasik, M.
2D Joint Inversion Of Dc And Scalar Audio-Magnetotelluric Data...
Open Energy Info (EERE)
M. Santos, A. R. A. Afonso and A. Dupis Published Journal Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, 20070101 DOI Not Provided Check for DOI availability: http:crossref.org...
2D Joint Inversion Of Dc And Scalar Audio-Magnetotelluric Data In The
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 NoPublic Utilities Address: 160 East 300 South Place:ReferenceEditWisconsin:YBR14Information 20Election
Metal vapor arc ion plating
A method and apparatus for ion plating are described. The apparatus uses more negative than a first electrode voltage in a vacuum arc remelt system to attract low energy ions from the anode electrode to the article to be plated. 2 figs.
Bertram, L.A.; Fisher, R.W.; Mattox, D.M.; Zanner, F.J.
Butt Joint Tool Commissioning
ITER Central Solenoid uses butt joints for connecting the pancakes in the CS module. The principles of the butt joining of the CICC were developed by the JAPT during CSMC project. The difference between the CSMC butt joint and the CS butt joint is that the CS butt joint is an in-line joint, while the CSMC is a double joint through a hairpin jumper. The CS butt joint has to carry the hoop load. The straight length of the joint is only 320 mm, and the vacuum chamber around the joint has to have a split in the clamp shell. These requirements are challenging. Fig.1 presents a CSMC joint, and Fig.2 shows a CS butt joint. The butt joint procedure was verified and demonstrated. The tool is capable of achieving all specified parameters. The vacuum in the end was a little higher than the target, which is not critical and readily correctable. We consider, tentatively that the procedure is established. Unexpectedly, we discover significant temperature nonuniformity in the joint cross section, which is not formally a violation of the specs, but is a point of concern. All testing parameters are recorded for QA purposes. We plan to modify the butt joining tool to improve its convenience of operation and provide all features necessary for production of butt joints by qualified personnel.
Martovetsky, N N
Filters for cathodic arc plasmas
Cathodic arc plasmas are contaminated with macroparticles. A variety of magnetic plasma filters has been used with various success in removing the macroparticles from the plasma. An open-architecture, bent solenoid filter, with additional field coils at the filter entrance and exit, improves macroparticle filtering. In particular, a double-bent filter that is twisted out of plane forms a very compact and efficient filter. The coil turns further have a flat cross-section to promote macroparticle reflection out of the filter volume. An output conditioning system formed of an expander coil, a straightener coil, and a homogenizer, may be used with the magnetic filter for expanding the filtered plasma beam to cover a larger area of the target. A cathodic arc plasma deposition system using this filter can be used for the deposition of ultrathin amorphous hard carbon (a-C) films for the magnetic storage industry.
Anders, Andre (Albany, CA); MacGill, Robert A. (Richmond, CA); Bilek, Marcela M. M. (Engadine, AU); Brown, Ian G. (Berkeley, CA)
Analysis and testing of adhesively bonded lap joints
Detailed studies of adhesively bonded tubular lap joints subjected to axial loads can be efficiently performed with two-dimensional (2D) finite element analyses. However, three-dimensional (3D) analyses are required to model the bending of tubes and the axial loading of many other shapes such as airfoils. Unfortunately, these 3D analyses require significantly more time and computer resources than 2D analyses. Thus, it is of interest to determine whether some aspects of 3D behavior can be captured with 2D analyses. A series of finite element analyses will show that the shear stress in the adhesive of a tubular or an elliptic lap joint -- due to a bending load -- can be reasonably estimated with a 2D analysis even though the behavior is 3D. After the agreement between 2D and 3D analyses is detailed, preliminary efforts to assess the importance of adhesive geometry at the end of the bond will be discussed. Experimental measurements of the mechanical properties of a structural adhesive used in joint tests will also be presented. Tension, compression, and stress relaxation data for a filled, amine-cured epoxy adhesive will be discussed.
Metzinger, K.E.; Guess, T.R.
Stability measurements of PPL atmospheric pressure arc
Experiments on the stability of atmospheric pressure arcs have been started at PPL to understand and improve the performance of arc furnaces used for processing applications in metallurgy and hazardous waste treatment. Previous studies have suggested that the violent instabilities in such arcs may be due to kink modes. A 30 kW, 500 Amp CW DC experimental arc furnace was constructed with a graphite cathode and a molten steel anode. The arc plasma is diagnosed with 4000 frames/sec digital camera, Hall probes, and voltage and current monitors. Under certain conditions, the arc exhibits an intermittent helical instability, with the helix rotating at {approx}600 Hz. The nature of the instability is investigated. A possible instability mechanism is the self-magnetic field of the arc, with saturation occurring due to inhomogeneous heating in a helical arc. The effect of external DC and AC magnetic fields on the instability is investigated. Additionally, arc deflection due to external transverse magnetic field is investigated. The deflection angle is found to be proportional to the applied field, and is in good agreement with a simple model of the {rvec J} x {rvec b} force on the arc jet.
Roquemore, L.; Zweben, S.J. [Princeton Plasma Physics Lab., NJ (United States); Wurden, G.A. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States)
Plasma arc torch with coaxial wire feed
A plasma arc welding apparatus having a coaxial wire feed. The apparatus includes a plasma arc welding torch, a wire guide disposed coaxially inside of the plasma arc welding torch, and a hollow non-consumable electrode. The coaxial wire guide feeds non-electrified filler wire through the tip of the hollow non-consumable electrode during plasma arc welding. Non-electrified filler wires as small as 0.010 inches can be used. This invention allows precision control of the positioning and feeding of the filler wire during plasma arc welding. Since the non-electrified filler wire is fed coaxially through the center of the plasma arc torch's electrode and nozzle, the wire is automatically aimed at the optimum point in the weld zone. Therefore, there is no need for additional equipment to position and feed the filler wire from the side before or during welding.
Hooper, Frederick M (Albuquerque, NM)
ARC-ED Curriculum: The Application of Video Game Formats to Educational Software
educational practices are examined in relation to the motivational features of arcade games. Also, guidelines for educational curriculum based on arcade game formats are proposed and the term Arc-Ed Curriculum is offered to describe such software. The content...
Chaffin, Jerry D.; Maxwell, Bill; Thompson, Barbara
Linkage of the ArcHydro Data Model with SWAT
Linkage of the ArcHydro Data Model with SWAT Francisco Olivera, Ph.D., P.E. Milver Valenzuela Texas on a hub basis. Independent of the already connected models HUB #12;Arc Hydro Arc Hydro can be used as the hub for connecting hydrologic models. #12;Arc Hydro #12;What it is and what it is not ... Arc Hydro
Metals purification by improved vacuum arc remelting
The invention relates to improved apparatuses and methods for remelting metal alloys in furnaces, particularly consumable electrode vacuum arc furnaces. Excited reactive gas is injected into a stationary furnace arc zone, thus accelerating the reduction reactions which purify the metal being melted. Additionally, a cooled condensation surface is disposed within the furnace to reduce the partial pressure of water in the furnace, which also fosters the reduction reactions which result in a purer produced ingot. Methods and means are provided for maintaining the stationary arc zone, thereby reducing the opportunity for contaminants evaporated from the arc zone to be reintroduced into the produced ingot.
Zanner, Frank J. (Sandia Park, NM); Williamson, Rodney L. (Albuquerque, NM); Smith, Mark F. (Albuquerque, NM)
TRANSFER FROM GL(2, D) TO GSp(4) KIMBALL MARTIN
TRANSFER FROM GL(2, D) TO GSp(4) KIMBALL MARTIN Abstract. An integral criterion is known for when a cuspidal representation of GL(4) transfers to a generic representation of GSp(4). We review this transfer and discuss an integral criterion for when a representation of GL(2, D), D a quaternion algebra, transfers
Martin, Kimball
Miniaturized cathodic arc plasma source
A cathodic arc plasma source has an anode formed of a plurality of spaced baffles which extend beyond the active cathode surface of the cathode. With the open baffle structure of the anode, most macroparticles pass through the gaps between the baffles and reflect off the baffles out of the plasma stream that enters a filter. Thus the anode not only has an electrical function but serves as a prefilter. The cathode has a small diameter, e.g. a rod of about 1/4 inch (6.25 mm) diameter. Thus the plasma source output is well localized, even with cathode spot movement which is limited in area, so that it effectively couples into a miniaturized filter. With a small area cathode, the material eroded from the cathode needs to be replaced to maintain plasma production. Therefore, the source includes a cathode advancement or feed mechanism coupled to cathode rod. The cathode also requires a cooling mechanism. The movable cathode rod is housed in a cooled metal shield or tube which serves as both a current conductor, thus reducing ohmic heat produced in the cathode, and as the heat sink for heat generated at or near the cathode. Cooling of the cathode housing tube is done by contact with coolant at a place remote from the active cathode surface. The source is operated in pulsed mode at relatively high currents, about 1 kA. The high arc current can also be used to operate the magnetic filter. A cathodic arc plasma deposition system using this source can be used for the deposition of ultrathin amorphous hard carbon (a-C) films for the magnetic storage industry.
Anders, Andre (Albany, CA); MacGill, Robert A. (Richmond, CA)
Plasma arc melting of zirconium
Zirconium, like some other refractory metals, has an undesirable sensitivity to interstitials such as oxygen. Traditionally, zirconium is processed by electron beam melting to maintain minimum interstitial contamination. Electron beam melted zirconium, however, does not respond positively to mechanical processing due to its large grain size. The authors undertook a study to determine if plasma arc melting (PAM) technology could be utilized to maintain low interstitial concentrations and improve the response of zirconium to subsequent mechanical processing. The PAM process enabled them to control and maintain low interstitial levels of oxygen and carbon, produce a more favorable grain structure, and with supplementary off-gassing, improve the response to mechanical forming.
Tubesing, P.K.; Korzekwa, D.R.; Dunn, P.S.
An Iridate with Fermi Arcs
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsruc DocumentationP-Series to someone by E-mail ShareRed CrossAn Iridate with Fermi Arcs An Iridate
Parameter constraints for flat cosmologies from CMB and 2dFGRS power spectra
We constrain flat cosmological models with a joint likelihood analysis of a new compilation of data from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and from the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS). Fitting the CMB alone yields a known degeneracy between the Hubble constant h and the matter density Omega_m, which arises mainly from preserving the location of the peaks in the angular power spectrum. This `horizon-angle degeneracy' is considered in some detail and shown to follow a simple relation Omega_m h^{3.4} = constant. Adding the 2dFGRS power spectrum constrains Omega_m h and breaks the degeneracy. If tensor anisotropies are assumed to be negligible, we obtain values for the Hubble constant h=0.665 +/- 0.047, the matter density Omega_m=0.313 +/- 0.055, and the physical CDM and baryon densities Omega_c h^2 = 0.115 +/- 0.009, Omega_b h^2 = 0.022 +/- 0.002 (standard rms errors). Including a possible tensor component causes very little change to these figures; we set a upper limit to the tensor-to-scalar ratio of r<0.7 at 95% confidence. We then show how these data can be used to constrain the equation of state of the vacuum, and find w<-0.52 at 95% confidence. The preferred cosmological model is thus very well specified, and we discuss the precision with which future CMB data can be predicted, given the model assumptions. The 2dFGRS power-spectrum data and covariance matrix, and the CMB data compilation used here, are available from http://www.roe.ac.uk/~wjp/
Will J. Percival; Will Sutherland; John A. Peacock; Carlton M. Baugh; Joss Bland-Hawthorn; Terry Bridges; Russell Cannon; Shaun Cole; Matthew Colless; Chris Collins; Warrick Couch; Gavin Dalton; Roberto De Propris; Simon P. Driver; George Efstathiou; Richard S. Ellis; Carlos S. Frenk; Karl Glazebrook; Carole Jackson; Ofer Lahav; Ian Lewis; Stuart Lumsden; Steve Maddox; Stephen Moody; Peder Norberg; Bruce A. Peterson; Keith Taylor
Gas-tungsten arc welding of aluminum alloys
A gas-tungsten arc welding method for joining together structures formed of aluminum alloy with these structures disposed contiguously to a heat-damagable substrate of a metal dissimilar to the aluminum alloy. The method of the present invention is practiced by diamond machining the fay surfaces of the aluminum alloy structures to provide a mirror finish thereon having a surface roughness in the order of about one microinch. The fay surfaces are aligned and heated sufficiently by the tungsten electrode to fuse the aluminum alloy contiguous to the fay surfaces to effect the weld joint. The heat input used to provide an oxide-free weld is significantly less than that required if the fay surfaces were prepared by using conventional chemical and mechanical practices.
Frye, Lowell D. (Kingston, TN)
The present invention is directed to a gas-tungsten arc welding method for joining together structures formed of aluminum alloy with these structures disposed contiguously to a heat-damagable substrate of a metal dissimilar to the aluminum alloy. The method of the present invention is practiced by diamond machining the fay surfaces of the aluminum alloy structures to profice a mirror finish thereon having a surface roughness in the order of about one microinch. The fay surface are aligned and heated sufficiently by the tungsten electrode to fuse the aluminum alloy continguous to the fay surfaces to effect the weld joint. The heat input used to provide an oxide-free weld is significantly less than that required if the fay surfaces were prepared by using conventional chemical and mechanical practices.
Frye, L.D.
Purification of tantalum by plasma arc melting
Purification of tantalum by plasma arc melting. The level of oxygen and carbon impurities in tantalum was reduced by plasma arc melting the tantalum using a flowing plasma gas generated from a gas mixture of helium and hydrogen. The flowing plasma gases of the present invention were found to be superior to other known flowing plasma gases used for this purpose.
Dunn, Paul S. (Santa Fe, NM); Korzekwa, Deniece R. (Los Alamos, NM)
Low voltage arc formation in railguns
A low voltage plasma arc is first established across the rails behind the projectile by switching a low voltage high current source across the rails to establish a plasma arc by vaporizing a fuse mounted on the back of the projectile, maintaining the voltage across the rails below the railgun breakdown voltage to prevent arc formation ahead of the projectile. After the plasma arc has been formed behind the projectile a discriminator switches the full energy bank across the rails to accelerate the projectile. A gas gun injector may be utilized to inject a projectile into the breech of a railgun. The invention permits the use of a gas gun or gun powder injector and an evacuated barrel without the risk of spurious arc formation in front of the projectile.
Hawke, R.S.
A low voltage plasma arc is first established across the rails behind the projectile by switching a low voltage high current source across the rails to establish a plasma arc by vaporizing a fuse mounted on the back of the projectile, maintaining the voltage across the rails below the railgun breakdown voltage to prevent arc formation ahead of the projectile. After the plasma arc has been formed behind the projectile a discriminator switches the full energy bank across the rails to accelerate the projectile. A gas gun injector may be utilized to inject a projectile into the breech of a railgun. The invention permits the use of a gas gun or gun powder injector and an evacuated barrel without the risk of spurious arc formation in front of the projectile. 2 figs.
Hawke, Ronald S. (Livermore, CA)
Comparison of 2D and 3D gamma analyses
Purpose: As clinics begin to use 3D metrics for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) quality assurance, it must be noted that these metrics will often produce results different from those produced by their 2D counterparts. 3D and 2D gamma analyses would be expected to produce different values, in part because of the different search space available. In the present investigation, the authors compared the results of 2D and 3D gamma analysis (where both datasets were generated in the same manner) for clinical treatment plans. Methods: Fifty IMRT plans were selected from the authors� clinical database, and recalculated using Monte Carlo. Treatment planning system-calculated (�evaluated dose distributions�) and Monte Carlo-recalculated (�reference dose distributions�) dose distributions were compared using 2D and 3D gamma analysis. This analysis was performed using a variety of dose-difference (5%, 3%, 2%, and 1%) and distance-to-agreement (5, 3, 2, and 1 mm) acceptance criteria, low-dose thresholds (5%, 10%, and 15% of the prescription dose), and data grid sizes (1.0, 1.5, and 3.0 mm). Each comparison was evaluated to determine the average 2D and 3D gamma, lower 95th percentile gamma value, and percentage of pixels passing gamma. Results: The average gamma, lower 95th percentile gamma value, and percentage of passing pixels for each acceptance criterion demonstrated better agreement for 3D than for 2D analysis for every plan comparison. The average difference in the percentage of passing pixels between the 2D and 3D analyses with no low-dose threshold ranged from 0.9% to 2.1%. Similarly, using a low-dose threshold resulted in a difference between the mean 2D and 3D results, ranging from 0.8% to 1.5%. The authors observed no appreciable differences in gamma with changes in the data density (constant difference: 0.8% for 2D vs 3D). Conclusions: The authors found that 3D gamma analysis resulted in up to 2.9% more pixels passing than 2D analysis. It must be noted that clinical 2D versus 3D datasets may have additional differences�for example, if 2D measurements are made with a different dosimeter than 3D measurements. Factors such as inherent dosimeter differences may be an important additional consideration to the extra dimension of available data that was evaluated in this study.
Pulliam, Kiley B.; Huang, Jessie Y.; Howell, Rebecca M.; Followill, David; Kry, Stephen F., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030 (United States); Bosca, Ryan [Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030 (United States)] [Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030 (United States); O�Daniel, Jennifer [Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27705 (United States)] [Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27705 (United States)
antilles island arc: Topics by E-print Network
The morphology of the underthrust oceanic crust controls the mag matic activity of the island arc, and particularly the development, in space and time, of "arc compartments." Denis...
Type B Accident Investigation of the Arc Flash at Brookhaven...
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
Arc Flash at Brookhaven National Laboratory, April 14, 2006 Type B Accident Investigation of the Arc Flash at Brookhaven National Laboratory, April 14, 2006 February 10, 2006 An...
Theoretical analysis of ARC constriction
The physics of the thermionic converter is governed by strong electrode-plasma interactions (emissions surface scattering, charge exchange) and weak interactions (diffusion, radiation) at the maximum interelectrode plasma radius. The physical processes are thus mostly convective in thin sheaths in front of the electrodes and mostly diffusive and radiative in the plasma bulk. The physical boundaries are open boundaries to particle transfer (electrons emitted or absorbed by the electrodes, all particles diffusing through some maximum plasma radius) and to convective, conductive and radiative heat transfer. In a first approximation the thermionic converter may be described by a one-dimensional classical transport theory. The two-dimensional effects may be significant as a result of the sheath sensitivity to radial plasma variations and of the strong sheath-plasma coupling. The current-voltage characteristic of the converter is thus the result of an integrated current density over the collector area for which the boundary conditions at each r determine the regime (ignited/unignited) of the local current density. A current redistribution strongly weighted at small radii (arc constriction) limits the converter performance and opens questions on constriction reduction possibilities. The questions addressed are the followng: (1) what are the main contributors to the loss of current at high voltage in the thermionic converter; and (2) is arc constriction observable theoretically and what are the conditions of its occurrence. The resulting theoretical problem is formulated and results are given. The converter electrical current is estimated directly from the electron and ion particle fluxes based on the spatial distribution of the electron/ion density n, temperatures T/sub e/, T/sub i/, electrical voltage V and on the knowledge of the transport coefficients. (WHK)
Stoenescu, M.L.; Brooks, A.W.; Smith, T.M.
The Branching of Graphs in 2-d Quantum Gravity
The branching ratio is calculated for three different models of 2d gravity, using dynamical planar phi-cubed graphs. These models are pure gravity, the D=-2 Gaussian model coupled to gravity and the single spin Ising model coupled to gravity. The ratio gives a measure of how branched the graphs dominating the partition function are. Hence it can be used to estimate the location of the branched polymer phase for the multiple Ising model coupled to 2d gravity.
M. G. Harris
An arc control and protection system for the JET lower hybrid antenna based on an imaging system
Arcs are the potentially most dangerous events related to Lower Hybrid (LH) antenna operation. If left uncontrolled they can produce damage and cause plasma disruption by impurity influx. To address this issue an arc real time control and protection imaging system for the Joint European Torus (JET) LH antenna has been implemented. The LH system is one of the additional heating systems at JET. It comprises 24 microwave generators (klystrons, operating at 3.7 GHz) providing up to 5 MW of heating and current drive to the JET plasma. This is done through an antenna composed of an array of waveguides facing the plasma. The protection system presented here is based primarily on an imaging arc detection and real time control system. It has adapted the ITER like wall hotspot protection system using an identical CCD camera and real time image processing unit. A filter has been installed to avoid saturation and spurious system triggers caused by ionization light. The antenna is divided in 24 Regions Of Interest (ROIs) each one corresponding to one klystron. If an arc precursor is detected in a ROI, power is reduced locally with subsequent potential damage and plasma disruption avoided. The power is subsequently reinstated if, during a defined interval of time, arcing is confirmed not to be present by image analysis. This system was successfully commissioned during the restart phase and beginning of the 2013 scientific campaign. Since its installation and commissioning, arcs and related phenomena have been prevented. In this contribution we briefly describe the camera, image processing, and real time control systems. Most importantly, we demonstrate that an LH antenna arc protection system based on CCD camera imaging systems works. Examples of both controlled and uncontrolled LH arc events and their consequences are shown.
Figueiredo, J., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Associa��o EURATOM/IST, Instituto de Plasmas e Fus�o Nuclear, Instituto Superior T�cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal and EFDA-CSU, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB (United Kingdom); Mailloux, J.; Kirov, K.; Kinna, D.; Stamp, M.; Devaux, S.; Arnoux, G.; Edwards, J. S.; Stephen, A. V.; McCullen, P.; Hogben, C. [EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association, Culham Science Center, Abingdon OX14 3DB (United Kingdom)
Achievement Rewards for College Scientists ARCS Foundation, Inc.
Achievement Rewards for College Scientists ARCS Foundation, Inc. For more information on how of the ARCS Foundation, Inc. funds seven scholarships for exceptional University of Georgia doctoral students. Available to attend the ARCS Foundation Awards Luncheon in Atlanta on November 21, 2013. ARCS Foundation
Arnold, Jonathan
Arc distribution during the vacuum arc remelting of Ti-6Al-4V
Currently, the temporal distribution of electric arcs across the ingot during vacuum arc remelting (VAR) is not a known or monitored process parameter. Previous studies indicate that the distribution of arcs can be neither diffuse nor axisymmetric about the center of the furnace. Correct accounting for the heat flux, electric current flux, and mass flux into the ingot is critical to achieving realistic solidification models of the VAR process. The National Energy Technology Laboratory has developed an arc position measurement system capable of locating arcs and determining the arc distribution within an industrial VAR furnace. The system is based on noninvasive magnetic field measurements and a VAR specific form of the Biot�Savart law. The system was installed on a coaxial industrial VAR furnace at ATI Albany Operations in Albany, OR. This article reports on the different arc distributions observed during production of Ti-6Al-4V. It is shown that several characteristic arc distribution modes can develop. This behavior is not apparent in the existing signals used to control the furnace, indicating the measurement system is providing new information. It is also shown that the different arc distribution modes observed may impact local solidification times, particularly at the side wall.
Woodside, Charles Rigel [U.S. DOE; King, Paul E. [U.S. DOE; Nordlund, Chris [ATI Albany Operations
Waste Heat Recovery � Submerged Arc Furnaces (SAF)
Submerged Arc Furnaces are used to produce high temperature alloys. These furnaces typically run at 3000�F using high voltage electricity along with metallurgical carbon to reduce metal oxides to pure elemental form. The process as currently...
O'Brien, T.
Ion source with improved primary arc collimation
An improved negative ion source is provided in which a self-biasing, molybdenum collimator is used to define the primary electron stream arc discharge from a filament operated at a negative potential. The collimator is located between the anode and the filament. It is electrically connected to the anode by means of an appropriate size resistor such that the collimator is biased at essentially the filament voltage during operation. Initially, the full arc voltage appears across the filament to collimator until the arc discharge strikes. Then the collimator biases itself to essentially filament potential due to current flow through the resistor thus defining the primary electron stream without intercepting any appreciable arc power. The collimator aperture is slightly smaller than the anode aperture to shield the anode from the arc power, thereby preventing the exposure of the anode to the full arc power which, in the past, has caused overheating and erosion of the anode collimator during extended time pulsed-beam operation of the source. With the self-biasing collimator of this invention, the ion source may be operated from short pulse periods to steady-state without destroying the anode.
Dagenhart, William K. (Oak Ridge, TN)
Characterization of 3d topological insulators by 2d invariants
The prediction of non-trivial topological phases in Bloch insulators in three dimensions has recently been experimentally verified. Here, I provide a picture for obtaining the $Z_{2}$ invariants for a three dimensional topological insulator by deforming suitable 2d planes in momentum space and by using a formula for the 2d $Z_{2}$ invariant based on the Chern number. The physical interpretation of this formula is also clarified through the connection between this formulation of the $Z_{2}$ invariant and the quantization of spin Hall conductance in two dimensions.
Rahul Roy
Quantum Process Tomography by 2D Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Reconstruction of the dynamics (quantum process tomography) of the single-exciton manifold in energy transfer systems is proposed here on the basis of two-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy (2D-FS) with phase-modulation. The quantum-process-tomography protocol introduced here benefits from, e.g., the sensitivity enhancement and signal-to-noise ratio ascribed to 2D-FS. Although the isotropically averaged spectroscopic signals depend on the quantum yield parameter $\\Gamma$ of the doubly-excited-exciton manifold, it is shown that the reconstruction of the dynamics is insensitive to this parameter. Applications to foundational and applied problems, as well as further extensions, are discussed.
Leonardo A. Pachon; Andrew H. Marcus; Alan Aspuru-Guzik
Pachon, Leonardo A; Aspuru-Guzik, Alan
Radiative heat transfer in 2D Dirac materials
We compute the radiative heat transfer between two sheets of 2D Dirac materials, including topological Chern insulators and graphene, within the framework of the local approximation for the optical response of these materials. In this approximation, which neglects spatial dispersion, we derive both numerically and analytically the short-distance asymptotic of the near-field heat transfer in these systems, and show that it scales as the inverse of the distance between the two sheets. Finally, we discuss the limitations to the validity of this scaling law imposed by spatial dispersion in 2D Dirac materials.
Pablo Rodriguez-Lopez; Wang-Kong Tse; Diego A. R. Dalvit
Finite temperature analysis of a quasi2D dipolar gas
We present finite temperature analysis of a quasi2D dipolar gas. To do this, we use the Hartree Fock Bogoliubov method within the Popov approximation. This formalism is a set of non-local equations containing the dipole-dipole interaction and the condensate and thermal correlation functions, which are solved self-consistently. We detail the numerical method used to implement the scheme. We present density profiles for a finite temperature dipolar gas in quasi2D, and compare these results to a gas with zero-range interactions. Additionally, we analyze the excitation spectrum and study the impact of the thermal exchange.
Ticknor, Christopher
ABSTRACT. Keyhole plasma arc welding is a unique arc welding process for deep
ABSTRACT. Keyhole plasma arc welding is a unique arc welding process for deep penetration. To ensure the quality of the welds, the presence of the keyhole is crit- ical. Understanding of the keyhole will certainly benefit the improvement of the process and weld quality. Currently, the size of the keyhole
Zhang, YuMing
High pressure ceramic joint
Many recuperators have components which react to corrosive gases and are used in applications where the donor fluid includes highly corrosive gases. These recuperators have suffered reduced life, increased service or maintenance, and resulted in increased cost. The present joint when used with recuperators increases the use of ceramic components which do not react to highly corrosive gases. Thus, the present joint used with the present recuperator increases the life, reduces the service and maintenance, and reduces the increased cost associated with corrosive action of components used to manufacture recuperators. The present joint is comprised of a first ceramic member, a second ceramic member, a mechanical locking device having a groove defined in one of the first ceramic member and the second ceramic member. The joint and the mechanical locking device is further comprised of a refractory material disposed in the groove and contacting the first ceramic member and the second ceramic member. The present joint mechanically provides a high strength load bearing joint having good thermal cycling characteristics, good resistance to a corrosive environment and good steady state strength at elevated temperatures. 4 figures.
Ward, M.E.; Harkins, B.D.
Many recuperators have components which react to corrosive gases and are used in applications where the donor fluid includes highly corrosive gases. These recuperators have suffered reduced life, increased service or maintenance, and resulted in increased cost. The present joint when used with recuperators increases the use of ceramic components which do not react to highly corrosive gases. Thus, the present joint used with the present recuperator increases the life, reduces the service and maintenance, and reduces the increased cost associated with corrosive action of components used to manufacture recuperators. The present joint is comprised of a first ceramic member, a second ceramic member, a mechanical locking device having a groove defined in one of the first ceramic member and the second ceramic member. The joint and the mechanical locking device is further comprised of a refractory material disposed in the groove and contacting the first ceramic member and the second ceramic member. The present joint mechanically provides a high strength load bearing joint having good thermal cycling characteristics, good resistance to a corrosive environment and good steady state strength at elevated temperatures.
Ward, Michael E. (Poway, CA); Harkins, Bruce D. (San Diego, CA)
Probabilistic methods applied to 2D electromagnetic numerical dosimetry
the number of realizations. When the modeling of the 3D interaction between the human body and a cellphoneProbabilistic methods applied to 2D electromagnetic numerical dosimetry D. Voyer F. Musy L. Nicolas dosimetry problems in order to take into account the variability of the input parameters. Methodology
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
2D Static Light Scattering for Dairy Based Applications
2D Static Light Scattering for Dairy Based Applications Jacob Lercke Skytte Kongens Lyngby 2014 Ph information on the microstructure. The second paper makes a direction comparison between the light scattering a recently introduced light scattering tech- nique. The system setup of the technique is highly flexible
Fast approximate Duplicate Detection for 2D-NMR Spectra
, the one-dimensional plots at the axes are projections of the original two-dimensional intensity function the influences of two different atom types at the same time, e.g. 1 H (hydrogen) and 13 C (carbon). The result of a 2D-NMR measurement can be seen as an intensity function measured over two independent variables3
Hinneburg, Alexander
Universal topological phase of 2D stabilizer codes
Two topological phases are equivalent if they are connected by a local unitary transformation. In this sense, classifying topological phases amounts to classifying long-range entanglement patterns. We show that all 2D topological stabilizer codes are equivalent to several copies of one universal phase: Kitaev's topological code. Error correction benefits from the corresponding local mappings.
H. Bombin; Guillaume Duclos-Cianci; David Poulin
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc length control Sample Search Results
length of the arc. The measurement and control of the arc... and controllability of welding current. However, due to the difficulty met in measuring the arc length in...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc plasma method Sample Search Results
Arc System Summary: of the most promising directions. The method of plasma pyrolysis and gasification, where at waste processing... -6. High-current electric arcs or electric arc...
The Anglo-Australian Observatory's 2dF Facility
The 2dF (Two-degree Field) facility at the prime focus of the Anglo-Australian Telescope provides multiple object spectroscopy over a 2 degree field of view. Up to 400 target fibres can be independently positioned by a complex robot. Two spectrographs provide spectra with resolutions of between 500 and 2000, over wavelength ranges of 440nm and 110nm respectively. The 2dF facility began routine observations in 1997. 2dF was designed primarily for galaxy redshift surveys and has a number of innovative features. The large corrector lens incorporates an atmospheric dispersion compensator, essential for wide wavelength coverage with small diameter fibres. The instrument has two full sets of fibres on separate field plates, so that re-configuring can be done in parallel with observing. The robot positioner places one fibre every 6 seconds, to a precision of 0.3 arcsec (20micron) over the full field. All components of 2dF, including the spectrographs, are mounted on a 5-m diameter telescope top-end ring for ease of handling and to keep the optical fibres short in order to maximise UV throughput . There is a pipeline data reduction system which allows each data set to be fully analysed while the next field is being observed. In this paper we provide the historical background to the 2dF facility, the design philosophy, a full technical description and a summary of the performance of the instrument. We also briefly review its scientific applications and possible future developments.
I. J. Lewis; R. D. Cannon; K. Taylor; K. Glazebrook; J. A. Bailey; I. K. Baldry; J. R. Barton; T. J. Bridges; G. B. Dalton; T. J. Farrell; P. M. Gray; A. Lankshear; C. McCowage; I. R. Parry; R. M. Sharples; K. Shortridge; G. A. Smith; J. Stevenson; J. O. Straede; L. G. Waller; J. D. Whittard; J. K. Wilcox; K. C. Willis
Parametric Studies Of Weld Quality Of Tungsten Inert Gas Arc Welding Of Stainless Steel
Effect of current and gas flow rate on quality of weld in tungsten inter gas arc welding of austenitic stainless steel has been studied in the present work through experiments and analyses. Butt welded joints have been made by using several levels of current and gas flow rate. The quality of the weld has been evaluated in terms of ultimate and breaking strengths of the welded specimens. The observed data have been interpreted, discussed and analyzed by using Grey--Taguchi methodology. Optimum parametric setting has been predicted and validated as well.
Kumar Pal, Pradip; Nandi, Goutam; Ghosh, Nabendu [Mechanical Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032 (India)
An improved negative ion source is provided in which a self-biasing, molybdenum collimator is used to define the primary electron stream arc discharge from a filament operated at a negative potential. The collimator is located between the anode and the filament. It is electrically connected to the anode by means of an appropriate size resistor such that the collimator is biased at essentially the filament voltage during operation. Initially, the full arc voltage appears across the filament to collimator until the arc discharge strikes. Then the collimator biases itself to essentially filament potential due to current flow through the resistor thus defining the primary electron stream without intercepting any appreciable arc power. The collimator aperture is slightly smaller than the anode aperture to shield the anode from the arc power which, in the past, has caused overheating and erosion of the anode collimator during extended time pulsed-beam operation of the source. With the self-biasing collimator of this invention, the ion source may be operated from short pulse periods to steady-state without destroying the anode.
Dagenhart, W.K.
2-D linear motion system. Innovative technology summary report
The US Department of Energy's (DOE's) nuclear facility decontamination and decommissioning (D and D) program requires buildings to be decontaminated, decommissioned, and surveyed for radiological contamination in an expeditious and cost-effective manner. Simultaneously, the health and safety of personnel involved in the D and D activities is of primary concern. D and D workers must perform duties high off the ground, requiring the use of manlifts or scaffolding, often, in radiologically or chemically contaminated areas or in areas with limited access. Survey and decontamination instruments that are used are sometimes heavy or awkward to use, particularly when the worker is operating from a manlift or scaffolding. Finding alternative methods of performing such work on manlifts or scaffolding is important. The 2-D Linear Motion System (2-D LMS), also known as the Wall Walker{trademark}, is designed to remotely position tools and instruments on walls for use in such activities as radiation surveys, decontamination, and painting. Traditional (baseline) methods for operating equipment for these tasks require workers to perform duties on elevated platforms, sometimes several meters above the ground surface and near potential sources of contamination. The Wall Walker 2-D LMS significantly improves health and safety conditions by facilitating remote operation of equipment. The Wall Walker 2-D LMS performed well in a demonstration of its precision, accuracy, maneuverability, payload capacity, and ease of use. Thus, this innovative technology is demonstrated to be a viable alternative to standard methods of performing work on large, high walls, especially those that have potential contamination concerns. The Wall Walker was used to perform a final release radiological survey on over 167 m{sup 2} of walls. In this application, surveying using a traditional (baseline) method that employs an aerial lift for manual access was 64% of the total cost of the improved technology. However, for areas over approximately 600 m{sup 2}, the Wall Walker would cost less than the baseline. Using the Wall Walker 2-D LMS, ALARA exposure and worker safety is improved, and there is potential for increased productivity. This innovative technology performed better than the baseline by providing real-time monitoring of the tool or instrument position. Also, the Wall Walker 2-D LMS can traverse any two-dimensional path at constant speeds of up to 18.3 linear meters per minute (60 linear feet per minute). The survey production rate for the innovative technology was about 0.6 m{sup 2}/min (6 ft{sup 2}/min); the baseline production rate was approximately 0.3 m{sup 2}/min (3 ft{sup 2}/min), using the same surveying instrument and maximum scanning rate.
Ion source based on the cathodic arc
A cylindrically symmetric arc source to produce a ring of ions which leave the surface of the arc target radially and are reflected by electrostatic fields present in the source to a point of use, such as a part to be coated, is described. An array of electrically isolated rings positioned in the source serves the dual purpose of minimizing bouncing of macroparticles and providing electrical insulation to maximize the electric field gradients within the source. The source also includes a series of baffles which function as a filtering or trapping mechanism for any macroparticles. 3 figures.
Sanders, D.M.; Falabella, S.
Assessment of 2D resistivity structures using 1D inversions
) E. R. Hoskins (Head of Departsnent) May 1987 ABSTRACT Assessment of 2D Resistivity Structures Using 1D Inversion. (May 1987) Les Paul Beard, B. S. , East Texas State University Chairman of Advisory Committee: Dr. Frank Dale Morgan Resistivity... sections from Schlumberger soundings over and near normal fault. 4. 11 Inverted sections from Wenner soundings over and near nornral fault 4. 12 Schlumberger apparent resistivity contour for normal fault 4. 13 Wenner apparenl resistivity contour...
Beard, Les Paul
Valley and electric photocurrents in 2D silicon and graphene
We show that the optical excitation of multi-valley systems leads to valley currents which depend on the light polarization. The net electric current, determined by the vector sum of single-valley contributions, vanishes for some peculiar distributions of carriers in the valley and momentum spaces forming a pure valley current. We report on the study of this phenomenon, both experimental and theoretical, for graphene and 2D electron channels on the silicon surface.
Tarasenko, S. A.; Ivchenko, E. L. [Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194021 (Russian Federation); Olbrich, P.; Ganichev, S. D. [Terahertz Center, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg (Germany)
ARM - Evaluation Product - 2D Gridded Surface Data Set
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcal Documentation DataDatastreamswacrspeccmaskcopolDatastreamsxsacrslrAlaskaDefensiveProcesses EngineeringProducts2D
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc radiation delivery Sample Search Results
AC Electric Arc System Ph. G... -6. High-current electric arcs or electric arc plasma torches are used practically in all plasma... into the arc is transformed by means of...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc delivery radiation Sample Search Results
NEW NUMERICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE SIMULATION OF ARC WELDING PROCESSES Michel Bellet 1 , Makhlouf Antipolis, France; email@example.com Keywords: welding, finite elements, material deposit, adaptive for arc welding simulation and analysis. The new numerical technologies essentially consist first
Type B Accident Investigation of the Savannah River Site Arc...
the Savannah River Site Arc Flash Burn Injury on September 23, 2009, in the D Area Powerhouse Type B Accident Investigation of the Savannah River Site Arc Flash Burn Injury on...
Arc Geometry and Algebra: Foliations, Moduli ... - Purdue University
the simplicial complex which has one simplex for each arc family ? with the i�the face ..... 1.6.2 Loop graph of an arc family: A geometric construction of the dual.
arc ion sources: Topics by E-print Network
and performance of vacuum arc ion sources. Brown, I 2013-01-01 2 Development of High Efficiency Versatile Arc Discharge Ion Source (VADIS) at CERN Isolde CERN Preprints Summary: We...
arc ion source: Topics by E-print Network
Heat Recovery From Arc Furnaces Using Water Cooled Panels
HEAT RECOVERY FROM ARC FURNACES USING WATER COOLED PANELS D. F. Darby Deere & Company Moline, Illinois ABSTRACT In 1980-81, the John Deere Foundry at East Moline underwent an expansion program that in creased its capacity by over 60...%. This expansion was centered around the melt department where the four existing 13MVA electric arc furnaces were augmented with two additional 13MVA arc furnaces. A waste heat recovery system was installed on all six of the arc furnaces which, with modifica...
Darby, D. F.
Correlations between SAR arc intensity and solar and geomagnetic activity
±1960, Rees and Akasofu (1963) and Roach and Roach (1963) found that there are correlations of the SAR arc
ESSDERC, Bucharest, Sep. 19, 2013.Kaustav Banerjee, UCSB 2D Electronics: Graphene and Beyond
ESSDERC, Bucharest, Sep. 19, 2013.Kaustav Banerjee, UCSB 2D Electronics: Graphene and Beyond Electronics? I will use 2D electronic materials: Graphene and Beyond #12;ESSDERC, Bucharest, Sep. 19, 2013.Kaustav Banerjee, UCSB 2D Electronic Materials 2D family tree TMD family Graphene family Other families
Liebling, Michael
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: stochastic relative biasing between galaxy populations
It is well known that the clustering of galaxies depends on galaxy type.Such relative bias complicates the inference of cosmological parameters from galaxy redshift surveys, and is a challenge to theories of galaxy formation and evolution. In this paper we perform a joint counts-in-cells analysis on galaxies in the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey, classified by both colour and spectral type, eta, as early or late type galaxies. We fit three different models of relative bias to the joint probability distribution of the cell counts, assuming Poisson sampling of the galaxy density field. We investigate the nonlinearity and stochasticity of the relative bias, with cubical cells of side 10Mpc \\leq L \\leq 45Mpc (h=0.7). Exact linear bias is ruled out with high significance on all scales. Power law bias gives a better fit, but likelihood ratios prefer a bivariate lognormal distribution, with a non-zero `stochasticity' - i.e. scatter that may result from physical effects on galaxy formation other than those from the local density field. Using this model, we measure a correlation coefficient in log-density space (r_LN) of 0.958 for cells of length L=10Mpc, increasing to 0.970 by L=45Mpc. This corresponds to a stochasticity sigma_b/bhat of 0.44\\pm0.02 and 0.27\\pm0.05 respectively. For smaller cells, the Poisson sampled lognormal distribution presents an increasingly poor fit to the data, especially with regard to the fraction of completely empty cells. We compare these trends with the predictions of semianalytic galaxy formation models: these match the data well in terms of overall level of stochasticity, variation with scale, and fraction of empty cells.
Vivienne Wild; John A. Peacock; Ofer Lahav; Edward Conway; Steve Maddox; I. K. Baldry; C. M. Baugh; J. Bland-Hawthorn; T. Bridges; R. Cannon; S. Cole; M. Colless; C. Collins; W. Couch; G. Dalton; R. De Propris; S. P. Driver; G. Efstathiou; R. S. Ellis; C. S. Frenk; K. Glazebrook; C. Jackson; I. Lewis; S. Lumsden; D. Madgwick; P. Norberg; B. A. Peterson; W. Sutherland; K. Taylor
Achievement Rewards for College Scientists ARCS Foundation, Inc. Biomedical and Health Sciences the Atlanta chapter of the ARCS Foundation, Inc. funds eight scholarships for exceptional University.S. citizenship. · GPA of 3.5 or above. · Available to attend the ARCS Foundation Awards Luncheon in Atlanta
Way to reduce arc voltage losses in hybrid thermionic converters
Experimental results are reported concerning the output and emission characteristics of the arc and hybrid regimes in a plane-parallel thermionic converter with Pt--Zr--O electrode pair. It is shown that arc voltage losses can be reduced to values below those obtainable in ordinary arc thermionic converters.
Tskhakaya, V.K.; Yarygin, V.I.
1 PYROLYSIS OF METHANE IN A SUPERSONIC, ARC-HEATED FLOW F.K. Lu,* C.M. Roseberry, J.M. Meyers and D arc pyrolysis of methane at supersonic conditions, representative of conditions in the reformer- cate the feasibility of arc pyrolysis of methane. Introduction he high specific enthalpy of combustion
Texas at Arlington, University of
Laser-ultrasonic inspection of hybrid laser-arc welded HSLA-65 steel
The hybrid laser-arc welding (HLAW) process is a relatively low heat input joining technology that combines the synergistic qualities of both the high energy density laser beam for deep penetration and the arc for wide fit-up gap tolerance. This process is especially suitable for the shipbuilding industry where thick-gauge section, long steel plates have been widely used in a butt joint configuration. In this study, preliminary exploration was carried out to detect and visualize the welding defects using laser ultrasonics combined with the synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT). Results obtained on 9.3 mm thick butt-welded HSLA-65 steel plates indicated that the laser-ultrasonic SAFT inspection technique can successfully detect and visualize the presence of porosity, lack of fusion and internal crack defects. This was further confirmed by X-ray digital radiography and metallography. The results obtained clearly show the potential of using the laser-ultrasonic technology for the automated inspection of hybrid laser-arc welds.
L�vesque, D.; Rousseau, G.; Monchalin, J.-P. [National Research Council Canada, Boucherville, QC (Canada); Wanjara, P.; Cao, X. [National Research Council Canada, Montreal, QC (Canada)
Gas tungsten arc welder with electrode grinder
A welder for automated closure of fuel pins by a gas tungsten arc process in which a rotating length of cladding is positioned adjacent a welding electrode in a sealed enclosure. An independently movable axial grinder is provided in the enclosure for refurbishing the used electrode between welds.
Christiansen, David W. (Kennewick, WA); Brown, William F. (West Richland, WA)
Costing of Joining Methods -Arc Welding Costs
Costing of Joining Methods - Arc Welding Costs ver. 1 ME 6222: Manufacturing Processes and Systems.S. Colton © GIT 2009 5 #12;LaborLabor Di t ti f ldi· Direct time of welding time to produce a length of weld labor rate multiplication gives labor cost per length · Set-up time, etc. · Personal time
Colton, Jonathan S.
Energy Savings in Electric Arc Furnace Melting
Arc furnace melting which at one time was almost exclusively used to produce alloy steel and steel castings is now widely accepted in the industry as an efficient process to produce all types of steel and iron. Presently, about 28% of steel...
Lubbeck, W.
The nature of the relative bias between galaxies of different spectral type in 2dFGRS
We present an analysis of the relative bias between early- and late-type galaxies in the Two-degree Field Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS). Our analysis examines the joint counts in cells between early- and late-type galaxies, using approximately cubical cells with sides ranging from 7h^{-1}Mpc to 42h^{-1}Mpc. We measure the variance of the counts in cells using the method of Efstathiou et al. (1990), which we find requires a correction for a finite volume effect. We fit lognormal models to the one-point density distribution and develop methods of dealing with biases in the recovered variances resulting from this technique. We directly fit deterministic models for the joint density distribution function, f(delta_E,delta_L), to the joint counts in cells using a maximum likelihood technique. Our results are consistent with a scale invariant relative bias factor on all scales studied. Linear bias is ruled out on scales less than l=28h^{-1}Mpc. A power-law bias model is a significantly better fit to the data on all but the largest scales studied; the relative goodness of fit of this model as compared to that of the linear bias model suggests that any nonlinearity is negligible for l>~40h^{-1}Mpc, consistent with the expectation from theory that the bias should become linear on large scales. (abridged)
E. Conway; S. Maddox; V. Wild; J. A. Peacock; E. Hawkins; P. Norberg; D. S. Madgwick; I. K. Baldry; C. M. Baugh; J. Bland-Hawthorn; T. Bridges; R. Cannon; S. Cole; M. Colless; C. Collins; W. Couch; G. Dalton; R. De Propris; S. P. Driver; G. Efstathiou; R. S. Ellis; C. S. Frenk; K. Glazebrook; C. Jackson; B. Jones; O. Lahav; I. Lewis; S. Lumsden; W. Percival; B. A. Peterson; W. Sutherland; K. Taylor
Rolling contact orthopaedic joint design
Arthroplasty, the practice of rebuilding diseased biological joints using engineering materials, is often used to treat severe arthritis of the knee and hip. Prosthetic joints have been created in a "biomimetic" manner to ...
Slocum, Alexander Henry, Jr
Page 1 of 2 -ARC Cost Transfer Guide v. 06/14/13 ARC SPONSORED PROJECT COST TRANSFER GUIDE
Page 1 of 2 - ARC Cost Transfer Guide v. 06/14/13 ARC SPONSORED PROJECT COST TRANSFER GUIDE There are three ways to move expenditures onto, off of, or between Sponsored Projects in ARC: AP Journal Voucher in which the voucher accounting date falls, and they are being moved to or between Sponsored Projects GL
Hone, James
Multiple Ising Spins Coupled to 2d Quantum Gravity
We study a model in which p independent Ising spins are coupled to 2d quantum gravity (in the form of dynamical planar phi-cubed graphs). Consideration is given to the p tends to infinity limit in which the partition function becomes dominated by certain graphs; we identify most of these graphs. A truncated model is solved exactly providing information about the behaviour of the full model in the limit of small beta. Finally, we derive a bound for the critical value of the coupling constant, beta_c and examine the magnetization transition in the limit p tends to zero.
M. G. Harris; J. F. Wheater
Black liquor gasification phase 2D final report
This report covers work conducted by Rockwell International under Amendment 5 to Subcontract STR/DOE-12 of Cooperative Agreement DE-AC-05-80CS40341 between St. Regis Corporation (now Champion International) and the Department of Energy (DOE). The work has been designated Phase 2D of the overall program to differentiate it from prior work under the same subcontract. The overall program is aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of and providing design data for the Rockwell process for gasifying Kraft black liquor. In this process, concentrated black liquor is converted into low-Btu fuel gas and reduced melt by reaction with air in a specially designed gasification reactor.
Kohl, A.L.; Stewart, A.E.
3D rotational diffusion microrheology using 2D video microscopy
We propose a simple way to perform three-dimensional (3D) rotational microrheology using two-dimensional (2D) video microscopy. The 3D rotational brownian motion of micrometric wires in a viscous fluid is deduced from their projection on the focal plane of an optical microscope objective. The rotational diffusion coefficient of the wires of length between 1-100 \\mu m is extracted, as well as their diameter distribution in good agreement with electron microscopy measurements. This is a promising way to characterize soft visco-elastic materials, and probe the dimensions of anisotropic objects.
R�my Colin; Minhao Yan; Loudjy Chevry; Jean-Fran�ois Berret; B�reng�re Abou
MHL 2D Wind/Wave | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 No revision hasInformation Earth's Heat JumpIncMAKGalway Bay IEOWCCatcher.pngWavemill < MHKYOGbioWaveMHL 2D
Exact solutions for the 2d one component plasma
The 2d one component gas of pointlike charges in a uniform neutralizing background interacting with a logarithmic potential is a common model for plasmas. In its classical equilibrium statistics at fixed temperature (canonical ensemble) it is formally related to certain types of random matrices with Gaussian distribution and complex eigenvalues. In this paper, I present an exact integration of this ensemble for $N$ such particles (or alternatively $N\\times N$ matrices) for all even non-negative temperatures, a significant open problem in statistical physics for several decades. I achieve this exact integration via an exact integration of a related ensemble, the two-dimensional Selberg integral.
Timothy D. Andersen
Driven Motion and Instability of an Atmospheric Pressure Arc
Atmospheric pressure arcs are used extensively in applications such as welding and metallurgy. However, comparatively little is known of the physics of such arcs in external magnetic fields and the mechanisms of the instabilities present. In order to address questions of equilibrium and stability of such arcs, an experimental arc furnace is constructed and operated in air with graphite cathode and steel anode at currents 100-250 A. The arc is diagnosed with a gated intensified camera and a collimated photodiode array, as well as fast voltage and current probes.
Max Karasik
Mesh2d is a Fortran90 program designed to generate two-dimensional structured grids of the form [x(i),y(i,j)] where [x,y] are grid coordinates identified by indices (i,j). The x(i) coordinates alone can be used to specify a one-dimensional grid. Because the x-coordinates vary only with the i index, a two-dimensional grid is composed in part of straight vertical lines. However, the nominally horizontal y(i,j{sub 0}) coordinates along index i are permitted to undulate or otherwise vary. Mesh2d also assigns an integer material type to each grid cell, mtyp(i,j), in a user-specified manner. The complete grid is specified through three separate input files defining the x(i), y(i,j), and mtyp(i,j) variations. The overall mesh is constructed from grid zones that are typically then subdivided into a collection of smaller grid cells. The grid zones usually correspond to distinct materials or larger-scale geometric shapes. The structured grid zones are identified through uppercase indices (I,J). Subdivision of zonal regions into grid cells can be done uniformly, or nonuniformly using either a polynomial or geometric skewing algorithm. Grid cells may be concentrated backward, forward, or toward both ends. Figure 1 illustrates the above concepts in the context of a simple four zone grid.
Flach, G.; Smith, F.
ARC: A compact, high-field, fusion nuclear science facility and demonstration power plant with demountable magnets
The affordable, robust, compact (ARC) reactor conceptual design study aims to reduce the size, cost, and complexity of a combined fusion nuclear science facility (FNSF) and demonstration fusion Pilot power plant. ARC is a 270 MWe tokamak reactor with a major radius of 3.3 m, a minor radius of 1.1 m, and an on-axis magnetic field of 9.2 T. ARC has rare earth barium copper oxide (REBCO) superconducting toroidal field coils, which have joints to enable disassembly. This allows the vacuum vessel to be replaced quickly, mitigating first wall survivability concerns, and permits a single device to test many vacuum vessel designs and divertor materials. The design point has a plasma fusion gain of Q_p~13.6, yet is fully non-inductive, with a modest bootstrap fraction of only ~63%. Thus ARC offers a high power gain with relatively large external control of the current profile. This highly attractive combination is enabled by the ~23 T peak field on coil with newly available REBCO superconductor technology. External cu...
Sorbom, B N; Palmer, T R; Mangiarotti, F J; Sierchio, J M; Bonoli, P; Kasten, C; Sutherland, D A; Barnard, H S; Haakonsen, C B; Goh, J; Sung, C; Whyte, D G
Laboratory characterization of rock joints
A laboratory characterization of the Apache Leap tuff joints under cyclic pseudostatic and dynamic loads has been undertaken to obtain a better understanding of dynamic joint shear behavior and to generate a complete data set that can be used for validation of existing rock-joint models. Study has indicated that available methods for determining joint roughness coefficient (JRC) significantly underestimate the roughness coefficient of the Apache Leap tuff joints, that will lead to an underestimation of the joint shear strength. The results of the direct shear tests have indicated that both under cyclic pseudostatic and dynamic loadings the joint resistance upon reverse shearing is smaller than that of forward shearing and the joint dilation resulting from forward shearing recovers during reverse shearing. Within the range of variation of shearing velocity used in these tests, the shearing velocity effect on rock-joint behavior seems to be minor, and no noticeable effect on the peak joint shear strength and the joint shear strength for the reverse shearing is observed.
Hsiung, S.M.; Kana, D.D.; Ahola, M.P.; Chowdhury, A.H.; Ghosh, A. [Southwest Research Inst., San Antonio, TX (United States). Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses
Electrical Safety and Arc Flash Protections
Over the past four years, the Electrical Safety Program at PPPL has evolved in addressing changing regulatory requirements and lessons learned from accident events, particularly in regards to arc flash hazards and implementing NFPA 70E requirements. This presentation will discuss PPPL's approaches to the areas of electrical hazards evaluation, both shock and arc flash; engineered solutions for hazards mitigation such as remote racking of medium voltage breakers, operational changes for hazards avoidance, targeted personnel training and hazard appropriate personal protective equipment. Practical solutions for nominal voltage identification and zero voltage checks for lockout/tagout will also be covered. Finally, we will review the value of a comprehensive electrical drawing program, employee attitudes expressed as a personal safety work ethic, integrated safety management, and sustained management support for continuous safety improvement.
R. Camp
Electrical spin injection in 2D semiconductors and topological insulators
We have developed a theory of spin orientation by electric current in 2D semiconductors. It is shown that the spin depends on the relation between the energy and spin relaxation times and can vary by a factor of two for the limiting cases of fast and slow energy relaxation. For symmetrically-doped (110)-grown semiconductor quantum wells the effect of current-induced spin orientation is shown to exist due to random spatial variation of the Rashba spin-orbit splitting. We demonstrate that the spin depends strongly on the correlation length of this random spin-orbit field. We calculate the spin orientation degree in two-dimensional topological insulators. In high electric fields when the �streaming� regime is realized, the spin orientation degree weakly depends on the electric field and can reach values about 5%.
Golub, L. E.; Ivchenko, E. L. [Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (Russian Federation)
This paper describes a combination of simulation and experimentation to evaluate the advantages offered by utilizing a hexagonal shaped array element in a 2D NDE array structure. The active material is a 1-3 connectivity piezoelectric composite structure incorporating triangular shaped pillars--each hexagonal array element comprising six triangular pillars. A combination of PZFlex, COMSOL and Matlab has been used to simulate the behavior of this device microstructure, for operation around 2.25 MHz, with unimodal behavior and low levels of mechanical cross-coupling predicted. Furthermore, the application of hexagonal array elements enables the array aperture to increase by approximately 30%, compared to a conventional orthogonal array matrix and hence will provide enhanced volumetric coverage and SNR. Prototype array configurations demonstrate good corroboration of the theoretically predicted mechanical cross-coupling between adjacent array elements (approx23 dB).
Dziewierz, J.; Ramadas, S. N.; Gachagan, A.; O'Leary, R. L. [Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XW (United Kingdom)
Volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy for esophageal cancer
A treatment planning study was performed to evaluate the performance of volumetric arc modulation with RapidArc (RA) against 3D conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) and conventional intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) techniques for esophageal cancer. Computed tomgraphy scans of 10 patients were included in the study. 3D-CRT, 4-field IMRT, and single-arc and double-arc RA plans were generated with the aim to spare organs at risk (OAR) and healthy tissue while enforcing highly conformal target coverage. The planning objective was to deliver 54 Gy to the planning target volume (PTV) in 30 fractions. Plans were evaluated based on target conformity and dose-volume histograms of organs at risk (lung, spinal cord, and heart). The monitor unit (MU) and treatment delivery time were also evaluated to measure the treatment efficiency. The IMRT plan improves target conformity and spares OAR when compared with 3D-CRT. Target conformity improved with RA plans compared with IMRT. The mean lung dose was similar in all techniques. However, RA plans showed a reduction in the volume of the lung irradiated at V{sub 20Gy} and V{sub 30Gy} dose levels (range, 4.62-17.98%) compared with IMRT plans. The mean dose and D{sub 35%} of heart for the RA plans were better than the IMRT by 0.5-5.8%. Mean V{sub 10Gy} and integral dose to healthy tissue were almost similar in all techniques. But RA plans resulted in a reduced low-level dose bath (15-20 Gy) in the range of 14-16% compared with IMRT plans. The average MU needed to deliver the prescribed dose by RA technique was reduced by 20-25% compared with IMRT technique. The preliminary study on RA for esophageal cancers showed improvements in sparing OAR and healthy tissue with reduced beam-on time, whereas only double-arc RA offered improved target coverage compared with IMRT and 3D-CRT plans.
Vivekanandan, Nagarajan, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Medical Physics, Cancer Institute, Chennai (India); Sriram, Padmanaban; Syam Kumar, S.A.; Bhuvaneswari, Narayanan; Saranya, Kamalakannan [Department of Medical Physics, Cancer Institute, Chennai (India)
ACCEPTED FOR PUBLICATION IN ROBOTICA PUBLISHED BY CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS 1 Tracking of a Joint Path for the Walking of an
ACCEPTED FOR PUBLICATION IN ROBOTICA PUBLISHED BY CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS 1 Tracking of a Joint,version1-26Feb2013 Author manuscript, published in "Robotica 22 (2004) 15-28" #12;ACCEPTED FOR PUBLICATION IN ROBOTICA PUBLISHED BY CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS 2 parameter: the arc length �?. A time scaling control
INL Joint Appointment Agreements The Joint Appointment Program...
at Idaho National Laboratory is designed to enhance research collaboration between INL and university staff. Joint appointees develop or conduct research and development at...
Metal to ceramic sealed joint
A metal to ceramic sealed joint which can withstand wide variations in temperature and maintain a good seal is provided for use in a device adapted to withstand thermal cycling from about 20 to about 1000 degrees C. The sealed joint includes a metal member, a ceramic member having an end portion, and an active metal braze forming a joint to seal the metal member to the ceramic member. The joint is positioned remote from the end portion of the ceramic member to avoid stresses at the ends or edges of the ceramic member. The sealed joint is particularly suited for use to form sealed metal to ceramic joints in a thermoelectric generator such as a sodium heat engine where a solid ceramic electrolyte is joined to metal parts in the system.
Lasecki, John V. (Livonia, MI); Novak, Robert F. (Farmington Hills, MI); McBride, James R. (Ypsilanti, MI)
A metal to ceramic sealed joint which can withstand wide variations in temperature and maintain a good seal is provided for use in a device adapted to withstand thermal cycling from about 20 to about 1000 degrees C. The sealed joint includes a metal member, a ceramic member having an end portion, and an active metal braze forming a joint to seal the metal member to the ceramic member. The joint is positioned remote from the end portion of the ceramic member to avoid stresses at the ends or edges of the ceramic member. The sealed joint is particularly suited for use to form sealed metal to ceramic joints in a thermoelectric generator such as a sodium heat engine where a solid ceramic electrolyte is joined to metal parts in the system. 11 figures.
Lasecki, J.V.; Novak, R.F.; McBride, J.R.
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Clustering properties of radio galaxies
The clustering properties of local, S_{1.4 GHz} > 1 mJy, radio sources are investigated for a sample of 820 objects drawn from the joint use of the FIRST and 2dF Galaxy Redshift surveys. To this aim, we present 271 new bj < 19.45 spectroscopic counterparts of FIRST radio sources to be added to those already introduced in Magliocchetti et al. (2002). The two-point correlation function for the local radio population is found to be entirely consistent with estimates obtained for the whole sample of 2dFGRS galaxies. We estimate the parameters of the real-space correlation function xi(r)=(r/r_0)^{-\\gamma}, r_0=6.7^{+0.9}_{-1.1} Mpc and \\gamma=1.6\\pm 0.1, where h=0.7 is assumed. Different results are instead obtained if we only consider sources that present signatures of AGN activity in their spectra. These objects are shown to be very strongly correlated, with r_0=10.9^{+1.0}_{-1.2} Mpc and \\gamma=2\\pm 0.1, a steeper slope than has been claimed in other recent works. No difference is found in the clustering properties of radio-AGNs of different radio luminosity. These results show that AGN-fuelled sources reside in dark matter halos more massive than \\sim 10^{13.4} M_{\\sun}},higher the corresponding figure for radio-quiet QSOs. This value can be converted into a minimum black hole mass associated with radio-loud, AGN-fuelled objects of M_{BH}^{min}\\sim 10^9 M_{\\sun}. The above results then suggest -at least for relatively faint radio objects -the existence of a threshold black hole mass associated with the onset of significant radio activity such as that of radio-loud AGNs; however, once the activity is triggered, there appears to be no evidence for a connection between black hole mass and level of radio output. (abridged)
Manuela Magliocchetti; Steve J. Maddox; Ed Hawkins; John A. Peacock; Joss Bland-Hawthorn; Terry Bridges; Russell Cannon; Shaun Cole; Matthew Colless; Chris Collins; Warrick Couch; Gavin Dalton; Roberto de Propris; Simon P. Driver; George Efstathiou; Richard S. Ellis; Carlos S. Frenk; Karl Glazebrook; Carole A. Jackson; Bryn Jones; Ofer Lahav; Ian Lewis; Stuart Lumsden; Peder Norberg; Bruce A. Peterson; Will Sutherland; Keith Taylor
Exhibit 2D -Refund of Royalties UT-B Contracts Div Page 1 of 1
Exhibit 2D - Refund of Royalties UT-B Contracts Div Dec 2005 Page 1 of 1 ex2D-dec05.doc Exhibit 2D Ref: DEAR 970.5227-8 REFUND OF ROYALTIES (Dec 2005) (a) During performance of this subcontract, if any royalties are proposed to be charged to the Company as costs under this subcontract, the Seller agrees
Pennycook, Steve
An Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm for the 2D HP Protein Folding Problem
An Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm for the 2D HP Protein Folding Problem Alena Shmygelska, Rosal, the two dimensional hydrophobic-polar (2D HP) protein folding problem. We introduce an ant colony algorithm closely approaches that of specialised, state-of-the methods for 2D HP protein folding. 1
Hoos, Holger H.
An Improved Ant Colony Optimisation Algorithm for the 2D HP Protein Folding Problem
An Improved Ant Colony Optimisation Algorithm for the 2D HP Protein Folding Problem Alena hydrophobic-polar (2D HP) protein folding problem. We present an improved version of our recently proposed Ant search. Overall, the results presented here establish our new ACO algorithm for 2D HP protein folding
Jointly Sponsored Research Program
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Cooperative Agreement DE-FC26-98FT40321 funded through the Office of Fossil Energy and administered at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) supported the performance of a Jointly Sponsored Research Program (JSRP) at the Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) with a minimum 50% nonfederal cost share to assist industry in commercializing and effectively applying highly efficient, nonpolluting energy systems that meet the nation's requirements for clean fuels, chemicals, and electricity in the 21st century. The EERC in partnership with its nonfederal partners jointly performed 131 JSRP projects for which the total DOE cost share was $22,716,634 (38%) and the nonfederal share was $36,776,573 (62%). Summaries of these projects are presented in this report for six program areas: (1) resource characterization and waste management, (2) air quality assessment and control, (3) advanced power systems, (4) advanced fuel forms, (5) value-added coproducts, and (6) advanced materials. The work performed under this agreement addressed DOE goals for reductions in CO{sub 2} emissions through efficiency, capture, and sequestration; near-zero emissions from highly efficient coal-fired power plants; environmental control capabilities for SO{sub 2}, NO{sub x}, fine respirable particulate (PM{sub 2.5}), and mercury; alternative transportation fuels including liquid synfuels and hydrogen; and synergistic integration of fossil and renewable resources.
Everett A. Sondreal; John G. Hendrikson; Thomas A. Erickson
Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis
of the Union address, January 26, 2011 Overview The Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP) is the nation's largest research program dedicated to the development of an...
JCAP North JCAP Headquarters Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis California Institute of Technology Jorgensen Laboratory, Mail Code 132-80 1200 East California Boulevard...
The Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP) is the nation's largest research program dedicated to the development of an artificial solar-fuel generation technology....
Influence of argon and oxygen on charge-state-resolved ion energy distributions of filtered aluminum arcs
energy distributions of filtered aluminum arcs Johanna Ros�ndistributions (IEDs) in filtered aluminum vacuum arc plasmasfor vacuum arc plasmas. Aluminum plasma, for example,
Rosen, Johanna; Anders, Andre; Mraz, Stanislav; Atiser, Adil; Schneider, Jochen M.
PHOTOVOLTAIC DC ARC FAULT DETECTOR TESTING AT SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES Jay Johnson 1 , Birger Pahl 2 , Charles Luebke 2 , Tom Pier 2 , Theodore Miller 3 , Jason Strauch 1 ,...
arc magmatism isotopic: Topics by E-print Network
J. 3 TECTONIC CONTROLS OF GEOCHEMICAL EVOLUTION IN ARC MAGMATISM OF SE ASIA 359Bali, Indonesia, 10 -13 October 1999PACRIM 99 Geosciences Websites Summary: processes operating at...
A New Survey for Giant Arcs
We report on the first results of an imaging survey to detect strong gravitational lensing targeting the richest clusters selected from the photometric data of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) with follow-up deep imaging observations from the Wisconsin Indiana Yale NOAO (WIYN) 3.5m telescope and the University of Hawaii 88-inch telescope (UH88). The clusters are selected from an area of 8000 deg{sup 2} using the Red Cluster Sequence technique and span the redshift range 0.1 {approx}< z {approx}< 0.6, corresponding to a comoving cosmological volume of {approx} 2Gpc{sup 3}. Our imaging survey thus targets a volume more than an order of magnitude larger than any previous search. A total of 240 clusters were imaged of which 141 had sub-arcsecond image quality. Our survey has uncovered 16 new lensing clusters with definite giant arcs, an additional 12 systems for which the lensing interpretation is very likely, and 9 possible lenses which contain shorter arclets or candidate arcs which are less certain and will require further observations to confirm their lensing origin. The number of new cluster lenses detected in this survey is likely > 30. Among these new systems are several of the most dramatic examples of strong gravitational lensing ever discovered with multiple bright arcs at large angular separation. These will likely become 'poster-child' gravitational lenses similar to Abell 1689 and CL0024+1654. The new lenses discovered in this survey will enable future systematic studies of the statistics of strong lensing and its implications for cosmology and our structure formation paradigm.
Hennawi, Joseph F.; Gladders, Michael D.; Oguri, Masamune; Dalal, Neal; Koester, Benjamin; Natarajan, Priyamvada; Strauss, Michael A.; Inada, Naohisa; Kayo, Issha; Lin,; Lampeitl, Hubert; Annis, James; Bahcall, Neta A.; Schneider, Donald P.
Image Appraisal for 2D and 3D Electromagnetic Inversion
Linearized methods are presented for appraising image resolution and parameter accuracy in images generated with two and three dimensional non-linear electromagnetic inversion schemes. When direct matrix inversion is employed, the model resolution and posterior model covariance matrices can be directly calculated. A method to examine how the horizontal and vertical resolution varies spatially within the electromagnetic property image is developed by examining the columns of the model resolution matrix. Plotting the square root of the diagonal of the model covariance matrix yields an estimate of how errors in the inversion process such as data noise and incorrect a priori assumptions about the imaged model map into parameter error. This type of image is shown to be useful in analyzing spatial variations in the image sensitivity to the data. A method is analyzed for statistically estimating the model covariance matrix when the conjugate gradient method is employed rather than a direct inversion technique (for example in 3D inversion). A method for calculating individual columns of the model resolution matrix using the conjugate gradient method is also developed. Examples of the image analysis techniques are provided on 2D and 3D synthetic cross well EM data sets, as well as a field data set collected at the Lost Hills Oil Field in Central California.
Alumbaugh, D.L.; Newman, G.A.
2D/3D registration algorithm for lung brachytherapy
Purpose: A 2D/3D registration algorithm is proposed for registering orthogonal x-ray images with a diagnostic CT volume for high dose rate (HDR) lung brachytherapy. Methods: The algorithm utilizes a rigid registration model based on a pixel/voxel intensity matching approach. To achieve accurate registration, a robust similarity measure combining normalized mutual information, image gradient, and intensity difference was developed. The algorithm was validated using a simple body and anthropomorphic phantoms. Transfer catheters were placed inside the phantoms to simulate the unique image features observed during treatment. The algorithm sensitivity to various degrees of initial misregistration and to the presence of foreign objects, such as ECG leads, was evaluated. Results: The mean registration error was 2.2 and 1.9 mm for the simple body and anthropomorphic phantoms, respectively. The error was comparable to the interoperator catheter digitization error of 1.6 mm. Preliminary analysis of data acquired from four patients indicated a mean registration error of 4.2 mm. Conclusions: Results obtained using the proposed algorithm are clinically acceptable especially considering the complications normally encountered when imaging during lung HDR brachytherapy.
Zvonarev, P. S. [McMaster University, Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8 (Canada); Farrell, T. J.; Hunter, R.; Wierzbicki, M.; Hayward, J. E. [McMaster University, Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8 (Canada); Juravinski Cancer Centre, Medical Physics, Hamilton, Ontario L8V 5C2 (Canada); Sur, R. K. [McMaster University, Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8 (Canada); Juravinski Cancer Centre, Radiation Oncology, Hamilton, Ontario L8V 5C2 (Canada)
Exact Solutions of 2d Supersymmetric Gauge Theories
We study dynamics of two-dimensional non-abelian gauge theories with N=(0,2) supersymmetry that include N=(0,2) supersymmetric QCD and its generalizations. In particular, we present the phase diagram of N=(0,2) SQCD and determine its massive and low-energy spectrum. We find that the theory has no mass gap, a nearly constant distribution of massive states, and lots of massless states that in general flow to an interacting CFT. For a range of parameters where supersymmetry is not dynamically broken at low energies, we give a complete description of the low-energy physics in terms of 2d N=(0,2) SCFTs using anomaly matching and modular invariance. Our construction provides a vast landscape of new N=(0,2) SCFTs which, for small values of the central charge, could be used for building novel heterotic models with no moduli and, for large values of the central charge, could be dual to AdS_3 string vacua.
Abhijit Gadde; Sergei Gukov; Pavel Putrov
2D modeling of electromagnetic waves in cold plasmas
The consequences of sheath (rectified) electric fields, resulting from the different mobility of electrons and ions as a response to radio frequency (RF) fields, are a concern for RF antenna design as it can cause damage to antenna parts, limiters and other in-vessel components. As a first step to a more complete description, the usual cold plasma dielectric description has been adopted, and the density profile was assumed to be known as input. Ultimately, the relevant equations describing the wave-particle interaction both on the fast and slow timescale will need to be tackled but prior to doing so was felt as a necessity to get a feeling of the wave dynamics involved. Maxwell's equations are solved for a cold plasma in a 2D antenna box with strongly varying density profiles crossing also lower hybrid and ion-ion hybrid resonance layers. Numerical modelling quickly becomes demanding on computer power, since a fine grid spacing is required to capture the small wavelengths effects of strongly evanescent modes.
Cromb�, K. [Laboratory for Plasma Physics, Association EURATOM - Belgian State Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Renaissancelaan 30 Avenue de la Renaissance, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium and Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, B (Belgium); Van Eester, D.; Koch, R.; Kyrytsya, V. [Laboratory for Plasma Physics, Association EURATOM - Belgian State Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Renaissancelaan 30 Avenue de la Renaissance, B-1000 Brussels (Belgium)
Method for controlling gas metal arc welding
The heat input and mass input in a Gas Metal Arc welding process are controlled by a method that comprises calculating appropriate values for weld speed, filler wire feed rate and an expected value for the welding current by algorithmic function means, applying such values for weld speed and filler wire feed rate to the welding process, measuring the welding current, comparing the measured current to the calculated current, using said comparison to calculate corrections for the weld speed and filler wire feed rate, and applying corrections. 3 figs., 1 tab.
Smartt, H.B.; Einerson, C.J.; Watkins, A.D.
The heat input and mass input in a Gas Metal Arc welding process are controlled by a method that comprises calculating appropriate values for weld speed, filler wire feed rate and an expected value for the welding current by algorithmic function means, applying such values for weld speed and filler wire feed rate to the welding process, measuring the welding current, comparing the measured current to the calculated current, using said comparison to calculate corrections for the weld speed and filler wire feed rate, and applying corrections.
Smartt, Herschel B. (Idaho Falls, ID); Einerson, Carolyn J. (Idaho Falls, ID); Watkins, Arthur D. (Idaho Falls, ID)
Northeast Honshu Arc | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia: Energy ResourcesLoading map...(Utility Company)References ↑ US Census BureauNorthbrook, Ohio:Honshu Arc Jump
AdaptiveARC | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of InspectorConcentrating SolarElectric Coop,SaveWhiskeyEnergyAd-Venta Jump to:Colorado:01.AdamsvilleAdaptiveARC
Sandia National Laboratories: parallel arc-fault
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1developmentturbine bladelifetime ismobileparallel arc-fault Sandia Research on PV
Sandia National Laboratories: Arc-Fault Detection
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1 -the Mid-Infrared0Energy Advanced Nuclear EnergyCouncilSandia's Work withArc-Fault
Modeling of thermal plasma arc technology FY 1994 report
The thermal plasma arc process is under consideration to thermally treat hazardous and radioactive waste. A computer model for the thermal plasma arc technology was designed as a tool to aid in the development and use of the plasma arc-Joule beating process. The value of this computer model is to: (a) aid in understanding the plasma arc-Joule beating process as applied to buried waste or exhumed buried waste, (b) help design melter geometry and electrode configuration, (c) calculate the process capability of vitrifying waste (i.e., tons/hour), (d) develop efficient plasma and melter operating conditions to optimize the process and/or reduce safety hazards, (e) calculate chemical reactions during treatment of waste to track chemical composition of off-gas products, and composition of final vitrified waste form and (f) help compare the designs of different plasma-arc facilities. A steady-state model of a two-dimensional axisymmetric transferred plasma arc has been developed and validated. A parametric analysis was performed that studied the effects of arc length, plasma gas composition, and input power on the temperatures and velocity profiles of the slag and plasma gas. A two-dimensional transient thermo-fluid model of the US Bureau of Mines plasma arc melter has been developed. This model includes the growth of a slag pool. The thermo-fluid model is used to predict the temperature and pressure fields within a plasma arc furnace. An analysis was performed to determine the effects of a molten metal pool on the temperature, velocity, and voltage fields within the slag. A robust and accurate model for the chemical equilibrium calculations has been selected to determine chemical composition of final waste form and off-gas based on the temperatures and pressures within the plasma-arc furnace. A chemical database has been selected. The database is based on the materials to be processed in the plasma arc furnaces.
Hawkes, G.L.; Nguyen, H.D.; Paik, S.; McKellar, M.G.
Foreign Fishery Developments Japanese Joint
-215. In 1981,193 joint ventures with the par- ticipation of Japanese capital were operating in 47 nationsForeign Fishery Developments Japanese Joint Fishing Ventures Stabilize Activity Trawling Skipjack tuna harvest Whaling Other harvests Aquaculture Refrigeration operations Fish processing Average $1
Joint Seminar Risk Management Institute &
Joint Seminar Risk Management Institute & Department of Decision Sciences Details of Seminar Date and statistics is leading to a greatly broadened theory of regression which draws on tools of convex analysis with factor analysis in finance and economics. Risk Management Institute Joint Seminar #12;
Chaudhuri, Sanjay
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc consistency revisited Sample Search...
arc source is being investigated as a radiometric source for the near- and mid... -infrared spectral range. This arc is similar to the argon mini-arc, which has been...
Constraints on the composition of the Aleutian arc lower crust from
Determining the bulk composition of island arc lower crust is essential for distinguishing between competing models for arc magmatism and assessing the stability of arc lower crust. We present new constraints on the ...
Shillington, Donna J.
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc northwesternmost california Sample...
365 ARC JIW Engineering Design Requirements (4... 201 2. ARC 203 2. ARC 204 (studio) 3. PHY 103 3. PHY ... Source: Bou-Zeid, Elie - Department of Civil and Environmental...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc dynamic behavior Sample Search Results
365 ARC JIW Engineering Design Requirements (4... 201 2. ARC 203 2. ARC 204 (studio) 3. PHY 103 3. PHY 104 3. MAT 202 3. CEE 364(a) 4. 4... 478 (thesis) 1. CEE 462...
Spatial and time-dependent distribution of plasma parameters in the metal-halide arc lamp
It was shown by several authors that closed high pressure arc a.c. discharge in mercury vapors with addition of metal halide cannot be described in frames of the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) model. However some plasma parameters (electron and high lying excited states densities as well as Hg metastable levels densities) are assumed to be in equilibrium with electron temperature and these assumptions are applied in plasma diagnostics. To verify these supposition the method of local plasma spectroscopy based on spatial and temporal distribution of spectral line profiles was developed. The experimental set up is based on diffraction spectrometer with large aperture, spatial scanning device and photodetector, which allows to carry out the measurements in chosen phases of current period. The software for data acquisition and processing is based on LabVIEW system. The original method of joint data processing was applied to data arrays containing spatial, spectral and temporal distribution of a source surfa...
Khakhaev, A; Ekimov, K; Soloviev, A; Khakhaev, Anatoly; Luizova, Lidia; Ekimov, Konstantin; Soloviev, Alexey
arc plasma torch: Topics by E-print Network
Summary: periodA, sagitta in dipoles dipSag." arc2Table::usage "arc2Table R,cirC,pA,pL,phA,,, prints a table periodA, sagitta in dipoles dipSag." Begin "Private"...
arc plasma torches: Topics by E-print Network
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc remelt process Sample Search Results
111,Volume 3, novembre 1993 Summary: processes such as Vacuum Induction Melting (VIM), ;Jacuum Arc Remelting (VAR),Electro Slag Remelting... in the case of vacuum arc...
E-Print Network 3.0 - anodic arc plasma Sample Search Results
SCIENCE, VOL. 33, NO. 1, FEBRUARY 2005 Gliding Arc Discharges... for their application to plasma-chemical processes. Diagnostics of gliding arc discharge: electron temperature,...
E-Print Network 3.0 - atmospheric gliding arc Sample Search Results
Type A Investigation of the Electrical Arc Injury at the Stanford...
of the Electrical Arc Injury at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Complex on October 11, 2004 Type A Investigation of the Electrical Arc Injury at the Stanford Linear Accelerator...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc welding machine Sample Search Results
Vision systems for arc welding, Friction stir... welding, Welding dual-phase steel, Metal transfer behavior, Submerged arc welding ... Source: DuPont, John...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc welding robot Sample Search Results
components. These include gas tungsten arc (GTA) and electron beam (EB) welding, laser powder... components using methods, such as gas tungsten arc (GTA), electron beam (EB) and...
E-Print Network 3.0 - automatic arc welding Sample Search Results
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc weld cladding Sample Search Results
E-Print Network 3.0 - argon transferred arc Sample Search Results
Flow Summary: Traditional Gliding Arc Point of Developed Gliding Arc when Maximum Energy is Transferred Gas inlet Reactor Point... in Vortex Flows -- ICP Discharge in Vortex...
E-Print Network 3.0 - area filtered arc Sample Search Results
Conference Summary: -21, 2008, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA NAWTEC16-1901 PLASMA ARC GASIFICATION FOR SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL... ., Florida, USA, ABSTRACT Plasma arc gasification...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc rating atpv Sample Search Results
gas tungsten arc welding Reginald Crawford,* George E... : An adaptive control based on fuzzy logic has been implemented for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW... -linear relationship...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc welding electrodes Sample Search Results
been implemented for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW... logic control and adaptive fuzzy logic control of gas tungsten arc ... Source: Zhang, YuMing - Center for Manufacturing &...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc welding fumes Sample Search Results
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc welding gmaw Sample Search Results
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc welding material Sample Search Results
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc welding parameters Sample Search Results
E-Print Network 3.0 - active banda arc-continent Sample Search...
rifting. There was diachronous arc-continent collision of intra- Pacific arcs with this passive Source: Royal Holloway, University of London - Department of Earth Sciences,...
E-Print Network 3.0 - andean arc magmatism Sample Search Results
arc in central Novaya Zemlya, Arctic Russia... - genian magmatic arc. Zircon and titanite in four samples from Mashigin Fjord and Matochkin Strait yield U... ). The events at...
Joint Capability Technology Demonstration (JCTD) Industry Day...
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
Joint Capability Technology Demonstration (JCTD) Industry Day Agenda Joint Capability Technology Demonstration (JCTD) Industry Day Agenda Agenda outlines the activities of the 2014...
Expression of Ligands for the NKG2D Activating Receptor are Linked to Proliferative Signals
UV stress post-translationally induced expression of one NKG2D ligand in mice, Mult1, by inhibiting ubiquition-dependent degradation
Jung, Heiyoun
E-Print Network 3.0 - arch 2d-4d echocardiography Sample Search...
for: arch 2d-4d echocardiography Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Kentucky Children's Heart Center Summary: Heart Association, American Society of Echocardiography, American...
E-Print Network 3.0 - aquaporin-0 2d crystals Sample Search Results
reconstruction, and tomography (reviewed recently in ref. 3). In several cases, data collected from 2D crystals... by atomic models (for example, see refs. 4-6). The...
Joint probabilities and quantum cognition
In this paper we discuss the existence of joint probability distributions for quantumlike response computations in the brain. We do so by focusing on a contextual neural-oscillator model shown to reproduce the main features of behavioral stimulus-response theory. We then exhibit a simple example of contextual random variables not having a joint probability distribution, and describe how such variables can be obtained from neural oscillators, but not from a quantum observable algebra.
Acacio de Barros, J. [Liberal Studies, 1600 Holloway Ave., San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132 (United States)
Acoustic stabilization of electric arc instabilities in nontransferred plasma torches
Electric arc instabilities in dc plasma torches lead to nonhomogeneous treatments of nanosized solid particles or liquids injected within thermal plasma jets. This paper shows that an additional acoustic resonator mounted on the cathode cavity allows reaching a significant damping of these instabilities, particularly the Helmholtz mode of arc oscillations. The acoustic resonator is coupled with the Helmholtz resonator of the plasma torch limiting the amplitude of arc voltage variations. It is also highlighted that this damping is dependent on friction effects in the acoustic resonator.
Rat, V.; Coudert, J. F. [CNRS, University of Limoges, SPTCS UMR6638, 123 Avenue A. Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex (France)
Column generation heuristic for a rich arc routing Application to railroad track inspection routing
/LAAS) Optimising maintenance routing ATMOS 2010 7 / 24 #12;Literature review Industrial arc routing problems Hasle
Ingrand, François
THE PHYSICS OF ARC WELDING PROCESSES Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
) THE PHYSICS OF ARC WELDING PROCESSES T.W.EAGAR Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Abstract Welding is an extremely complex proce ss; however, due to its Wor ds: Arc Welding, Arc Physics, Shielding Gases, Gas Metal Arc Welding. 1. Introduction Langmuir
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc plasma guns Sample Search Results
guns Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: arc plasma guns...
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process Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: arc welding process...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc welding processes Sample Search Results
processes Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: arc welding processes...
Effect of Quantum Confinement on Thermoelectric Properties of 2D and 1D Semiconductor Thin Films
Effect of Quantum Confinement on Thermoelectric Properties of 2D and 1D Semiconductor Thin Films A. Bulusu and D. G. Walker1 Interdisciplinary Program in Material Science Vanderbilt University Nashville on device characteristics of 1D and 2D thin film superlattices whose applications include thermoelectric
Walker, D. Greg
Understanding and engineering molecular interactions and electronic transport at 2D materials interfaces
2D materials are defined as solids with strong in-plane chemical bonds but weak out-of-plane, van der Waals (vdW) interactions. In order to realize potential applications of 2D materials in the areas of optoelectronics, ...
Shih, Chih-Jen, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Multifractal Fields Simulation Software Matlab functions eps1D and eps2D
1 Multifractal Fields Simulation Software Matlab functions eps1D and eps2D Basic Summary A fractal inputs required for eps2D, the first two, lambdat and lambday, are the resolution of the field. Note input is a switch which allows to make the process acausal (switch=0) or causal (switch=0). eps1D works
Lovejoy, Shaun
The following VS tools were compared: 2D OPENBABEL, DAYLIGHT2
The following VS tools were compared: 2D OPENBABEL, DAYLIGHT2 , MACCS. BCI, MOLPRINT2D3 3D ROCS Software Inc., Cepos Insilico Ltd., Chemical Computing Group, DAYLIGHT, Chemical Information Systems and Digital Chemistry for providing Academic Licences for ROCS, ParaSurf, MOE, DAYLIGHT, and BCI, respectively
Ritchie, Dave
Active Ankle Response for a 2-D Biped Robot with Terrain Contact Sensing
Active Ankle Response for a 2-D Biped Robot with Terrain Contact Sensing By Francis Hitschmann Submitted to the graduate degree program in Mechanical Engineering and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas School... certifies that this is the approved Version of the following thesis: Active Ankle Response for a 2-D Biped Robot with Terrain Contact Sensing Committee: Chairperson* Date Approved...
Hitschmann, Francis Lee
Wind Tunnel and Field Test of Three 2D Sonic Anemometers
Wind Tunnel and Field Test of Three 2D Sonic Anemometers Wiel Wauben R&D Information and Observation Technology, KNMI September 17, 2007 #12;#12;Wind Tunnel and Field Test of Three 2D Sonic.....................................................................................................1 2. Wind sensors
Stoffelen, Ad
A 2D Pseudodynamic Rupture Model Generator for Earthquakes on Geometrically Complex Faults
A 2D Pseudodynamic Rupture Model Generator for Earthquakes on Geometrically Complex Faults complexity in the rupture process and resulting ground motion. We present a 2D kinematic rupture generator that emulates the strong dependence of earthquake source parameters on local fault geometry observed in dynamic
Dunham, Eric M.
Journal of Computer Graphics Techniques Higher Quality 2D Text Rendering
Journal of Computer Graphics Techniques Higher Quality 2D Text Rendering Vol. 2, No. 1, 2013 http://jcgt.org Higher Quality 2D Text Rendering Nicolas P. Rougier INRIA Figure 1. When displaying text on low technology / Microsoft / native hinting) for crisp rendering or, to privilege glyph shapes (Quartz technology
Paris-Sud XI, Universit� de
Angular momentum and energy structure of the coherent state of a 2D isotropic harmonic oscillator
The angular momentum structure and energy structure of the coherent state of a 2D isotropic harmonic oscillator were investigated. Calculations showed that the average values of angular momentum and energy (except the zero point energy) of this nonspreading 2D wave packet are identical to those of the corresponding classical oscillator moving along a circular or an elliptic orbit.
LIU Yufeng; HUO Wujun; ZENG Jinyan
A 2D/3D Discrete Duality Finite Volume Scheme. Application to ECG simulation
A 2D/3D Discrete Duality Finite Volume Scheme. Application to ECG simulation Y. Coudi`ere Universit-10Oct2008 #12;A 2D/3D DDFV scheme for ECG simulation 1 Introduction Computer models of the electrical-known electrocardiogram (ECG). It gives a non-invasive representation of the cardiac electrical function. Un- derstanding
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Final Data Release
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) has obtained spectra for 245591 sources, mainly galaxies, brighter than a nominal extinction-corrected magnitude limit of b_J=19.45. Reliable redshifts were measured for 221414 galaxies. The galaxies are selected from the extended APM Galaxy Survey and cover an area of approximately 1500 square degrees in three regions: an NGP strip, an SGP strip and random fields scattered around the SGP strip. This paper describes the 2dFGRS final data release of 30 June 2003 and complements Colless et al. (2001), which described the survey and the initial 100k data release. The 2dFGRS database and full documentation are available on the WWW at http://www.mso.anu.edu.au/2dFGRS/
Matthew Colless; Bruce A. Peterson; Carole Jackson; John A. Peacock; Shaun Cole; Peder Norberg; Ivan K. Baldry; Carlton M. Baugh; Joss Bland-Hawthorn; Terry Bridges; Russell Cannon; Chris Collins; Warrick Couch; Nicholas Cross; Gavin Dalton; Roberto De Propris; Simon P. Driver; George Efstathiou; Richard S. Ellis; Carlos S. Frenk; Karl Glazebrook; Ofer Lahav; Ian Lewis; Stuart Lumsden; Steve Maddox; Darren Madgwick; Will Sutherland; Keith Taylor
TOPAZ2D heat transfer code users manual and thermal property data base
TOPAZ2D is a two dimensional implicit finite element computer code for heat transfer analysis. This user's manual provides information on the structure of a TOPAZ2D input file. Also included is a material thermal property data base. This manual is supplemented with The TOPAZ2D Theoretical Manual and the TOPAZ2D Verification Manual. TOPAZ2D has been implemented on the CRAY, SUN, and VAX computers. TOPAZ2D can be used to solve for the steady state or transient temperature field on two dimensional planar or axisymmetric geometries. Material properties may be temperature dependent and either isotropic or orthotropic. A variety of time and temperature dependent boundary conditions can be specified including temperature, flux, convection, and radiation. Time or temperature dependent internal heat generation can be defined locally be element or globally by material. TOPAZ2D can solve problems of diffuse and specular band radiation in an enclosure coupled with conduction in material surrounding the enclosure. Additional features include thermally controlled reactive chemical mixtures, thermal contact resistance across an interface, bulk fluid flow, phase change, and energy balances. Thermal stresses can be calculated using the solid mechanics code NIKE2D which reads the temperature state data calculated by TOPAZ2D. A three dimensional version of the code, TOPAZ3D is available. The material thermal property data base, Chapter 4, included in this manual was originally published in 1969 by Art Edwards for use with his TRUMP finite difference heat transfer code. The format of the data has been altered to be compatible with TOPAZ2D. Bob Bailey is responsible for adding the high explosive thermal property data.
Shapiro, A.B.; Edwards, A.L.
Recycling of electric-arc-furnace dust
Electric arc furnace (EAF) dust is one of the largest solid waste streams produced by steel mills, and is classified as a waste under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Successful recycle of the valuable metals (iron, zinc, and lead) present in the dust will result in resource conservation while simultaneously reducing the disposal problems. Technical feasibility of a novel recycling method based on using hydrogen as the reductant was established under this project through laboratory experiments. Sponge iron produced was low in zinc, cadmium, and lead to permit its recycle, and nontoxic to permit its safe disposal as an alternative to recycling. Zinc oxide was analyzed to contain 50% to 58% zinc by weight, and can be marketed for recovering zinc and lead. A prototype system was designed to process 2.5 tons per day (600 tons/year) of EAF dust, and a preliminary economic analysis was conducted. The cost of processing dust by this recycling method was estimated to be comparable to or lower than existing methods, even at such low capacities.
Sresty, G.C.
Lightning Induced Arcing an LDRD Report
The purpose of this research was to develop a science-based understanding of the early-time behavior of electric surface arcing in air at atmospheric pressure. As a first step towards accomplishing this, we used a kinetic approach to model an electron swarm as it evolved in a neutral gas under the influence of an applied electric field. A computer code was written in which pseudo-particles, each representing some number of electrons, were accelerated by an electric field. The electric field due to the charged particles was calculated efficiently using a tree algorithm. Collision of the electrons with the background gas led to the creation of new particles through the processes of ionization and photoionization. These processes were accounted for using measured cross-section data and Monte Carlo methods. A dielectric half-space was modeled by imaging the charges in its surface. Secondary electron emission from the surface, resulting in surface charging, was also calculated. Simulation results show the characteristics of a streamer in three dimensions. A numerical instability was encountered before the streamer matured to form branching.
Technique and application for quantifying dynamic shoulder joint kinematics and glenohumeral joint contact patterns
The shoulder (glenohumeral) joint has the greatest range of motion of all human joints; as a result, it is particularly vulnerable to dislocation and injury. The ability to accurately measure dynamic in-vivo joint kinematics ...
Massimini, Daniel Frank
Joint measurability through Naimark's theorem
We use Naimark's dilation theorem in order to characterize the joint measurability of two POVMs. Then, we analyze the joint measurability of two commutative POVMs $F_1$ and $F_2$ which are the smearing of two self-adjoint operators $A_1$ and $A_2$ respectively. We prove that the compatibility of $F_1$ and $F_2$ is connected to the existence of two compatible self-adjoint dilations $A_1^+$ and $A_2^+$ of $A_1$ and $A_2$ respectively. As a corollary we prove that each couple of self-adjoint operators can be dilated to a couple of compatible self-adjoint operators. Next, we analyze the joint measurability of the unsharp position and momentum observables and show that it provides a master example of the scheme we propose. Finally, we give a sufficient condition for the compatibility of two effects.
Roberto Beneduci
Joint Institutes | ornl.gov
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsruc DocumentationP-SeriesFlickrinformation forTechnologies |JenniferB. StorerJohnofJoint GenomeJoint
First metatarsophalangeal joint range of motion : influence of ankle joint position and gastrocsoleus muscle stretching.
??[Truncated abstract] First metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ1) motion is an important factor in normal weight transference during walking. Disruptions to normal range can influence joints both� (more)
North, Ian Graham
2D electron density profile measurement in tokamak by laser-accelerated ion-beam probe
A new concept of Heavy Ion Beam Probe (HIBP) diagnostic has been proposed, of which the key is to replace the electrostatic accelerator of traditional HIBP by a laser-driven ion accelerator. Due to the large energy spread of ions, the laser-accelerated HIBP can measure the two-dimensional (2D) electron density profile of tokamak plasma. In a preliminary simulation, a 2D density profile was reconstructed with a spatial resolution of about 2 cm, and with the error below 15% in the core region. Diagnostics of 2D density fluctuation is also discussed.
Chen, Y. H.; Yang, X. Y.; Lin, C., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com; Wang, X. G.; Xiao, C. J., E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com [State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871 (China); Wang, L. [Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 603, Beijing 100190 (China); Xu, M. [Center for Fusion Science of Southwestern Institute of Physics, P. O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041 (China)
Joint Fuel Cell Technologies and Advanced Manufacturing Webinar...
Joint Fuel Cell Technologies and Advanced Manufacturing Webinar Joint Fuel Cell Technologies and Advanced Manufacturing Webinar Presentation slides from the joint Fuel Cell...
A sequential partly iterative approach for multicomponent reactive transport with CORE2D
Juncosa R. , Delgado J. and Montenegro L. (2000) CORE 2D : App. Samper, J. , Yang, C. , Montenegro, L. , 2003. CORE 2DSamper, J. , Zhang, G. , Montenegro, L. , 2006a. Coupled
Samper, J.
Critiquing the Masters: Applying 3D Production Lighting Principles to Famous 2D Works of Art
This thesis demonstrates the effects of applying lighting principles developed for 3D computer graphics production to well-known historical 2D paintings. The visual analysis and cinematographic direction is derived from the iterative review...
Ford, Angelique
E-Print Network 3.0 - anomalous 2d abelian Sample Search Results
D. Kiani, M. MahdaviHezavehi Summary: crossed product (cyclic) division algebra, then GL 2 (D) contains an irreducible subgroup which is abelian-by-abelian... , then CD (K) F...
adriano 2d-model tests: Topics by E-print Network
a 2nd order (toroidal) field may be uniform or has a prescribed gradient. In this test phase, the 2D code is ran Paris-Sud XI, Universit de 2 Accuracy in Scientific...
Prospects for high thermoelectric figures of merit in 2D systems
Enhanced ZT has been predicted theoretically and observed experimentally in 2D quantum wells, with good agreement between theory and experiment. Advantages of low dimensional systems for thermoelectric applications are described and prospects for further enhancement of ZT are discussed.
Dresselhaus, M.S.; Sun, X.; Cronin, S.B.; Koga, T.; Dresselhaus, G.; Wang, K.L.
2D-Modelling of pellet injection in the poloidal plane: results of numerical tests
2D-Modelling of pellet injection in the poloidal plane: results of numerical tests P. Lalousis developed for computing the expansion of pellet-produced clouds in the poloidal plane. The expansion
Compatible, energy and symmetry preserving 2D Lagrangian hydrodynamics in rz-cylindrical coordinates
We present a new discretization for 2D Lagrangian hydrodynamics in rz geometry (cylindrical coordinates) that is compatible, energy conserving and symmetry preserving. We describe discretization of the basic Lagrangian hydrodynamics equations.
Shashkov, Mikhail [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Wendroff, Burton [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Burton, Donald [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Barlow, A [AWE; Hongbin, Guo [ASU
Parameter Identification for a Dispersive Dielectric in 2D Electromagnetics: Forward and Inverse
Parameter Identification for a Dispersive Dielectric in 2D Electromagnetics: Forward and Inverse with a Debye dielectric slab and PML absorbing boundaries. This system assumes that the electric #12;Parameter
2D and 3D Acoustic Source Localization Using the AML Algorithm and ENSBox Nodes
Networked Sensing 2D and 3D Acoustic Source Localizationhairs, median red square) 3D bearing estimates: (azimuth,1.37,1.52) (2.38,1.82) Node 153 3D AML performance UCLA �
2d-LC-MS/MS Method-ORNL Developed for Bacteriophage
mass spectrometry (2d-LC-MS/MS) method was optimized for bacteriophage by Kristen Corrier undergraduate should be. 4. The mass spectrometer is run in data dependent mode, specific settings should be optimized
Sullivan, Matthew B.
Higher order global differentiability local approximations for 2-D and 3-D distorted element geometries
The primary focus of this thesis is to present a framework to develop higher order global differentiability local approximations for 2-D and 3-D distorted element geometries. The necessity and superiority of higher order global differentiability...
Maduri, Rajesh Kumar
Signal Integrity Analysis of a 2-D and 3-D Integrated Potentiostat for Neurotransmitter Sensing
for the substrate, power network, and through silicon vias (TSVs). These models are combined integrated implantable systems. I. INTRODUCTION A multichannel potentiostat, integrated with micro and power dissipation. Signal integrity characteristics of a 2- D and 3-D integrated potentiostat
Stanacevic, Milutin
Hydrogen Bond Rearrangements in Water Probed with Temperature-Dependent 2D IR
We use temperature-dependent two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy (2D IR) of dilute HOD in H2O to investigate hydrogen bond rearrangements in water. The OD stretching frequency is sensitive to its environment, and loss ...
Nicodemus, Rebecca A.
2D/3D Discrete Duality Finite Volume Scheme (DDFV) applied to ECG simulation.
2D/3D Discrete Duality Finite Volume Scheme (DDFV) applied to ECG simulation. DDFV scheme part, the method is used for the resolution of a problem arising in bio-mathematics: the ECG
Coudière, Yves
On the Connection Between 2d Topological Gravity and the Reduced Hermitian Matrix Model
We discuss how concepts such as geodesic length and the volume of space-time can appear in 2d topological gravity. We then construct a detailed mapping between the reduced Hermitian matrix model and 2d topological gravity at genus zero. This leads to a complete solution of the counting problem for planar graphs with vertices of even coordination number. The connection between multi-critical matrix models and multi-critical topological gravity at genus zero is studied in some detail.
J. Ambjorn; M. G. Harris; M. Weis
Exfoliation of self-assembled 2D organic-inorganic perovskite semiconductors
Exfoliation of self-assembled 2D organic-inorganic perovskite semiconductors Wendy Niu,1,a) Anna-inorganic perovskite (C6H9C2H4NH3)2PbI4 are produced using micromechanical exfoliation. Mono- and few-layer areas microme- chanical exfoliation of 2D PbI perovskites and explore the few-layer behaviour of such systems
Steiner, Ullrich
A new 2D FEM analysis of a disc machine with offset rotor
The paper presents a new 2-Dimensional Finite Element Method (2D FEM) analysis of a double sided axial field, permanent magnet excited brushless DC motor. The rotor of the machine is free to move in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the shaft. Computed 2D results are compared with 3D FEM analysis and the new analysis method is shown to give close agreement.
Gair, S.; Canova, A. [Napier Univ., Edinburgh (United Kingdom). Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering; Eastham, J.F.; Betzer, T. [Univ. of Bath (United Kingdom). School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering
Note and calculations concerning elastic dilatancy in 2D glass-glass liquid foams
When deformed, liquid foams tend to raise their liquid contents like immersed granular materials, a phenomenon called dilatancy. We have aready described a geometrical interpretation of elastic dilatancy in 3D foams and in very dry foams squeezed between two solid plates (2D GG foams). Here, we complement this work in the regime of less dry 2D GG foams. In particular, we highlight the relatively strong dilatancy effects expected in the regime where we have predicted rapid Plateau border variations.
Fran�ois Molino; Pierre Rognon; Cyprien Gay
JOINT PROGRAM IN TRANSPORTATION UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO 2001 TRANSPORTATION TOMORROW SURVEY of Transportation, Ontario Additions in 1996 Regional Municipalities of Niagara, Waterloo Counties of Peterborough not to participate) #12;JOINT PROGRAM IN TRANSPORTATION UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO 2001 TRANSPORTATION TOMORROW SURVEY
Toronto, University of
Arcing fault in sub-distribution branch circuits
It's well known the importance of short-circuit current evaluation for the design of any power system. Every system is subject to faults, moreover short-circuits and ground faults can be expected in any point. Even if the maximum and minimum values are generally defined with reference at a bolted-fault, bolted short-circuits are rare and the fault usually involves arcing and burning; particularly the limit value of minimum short-circuit depends really on arcing-fault. In earlier experimental investigations into the functional simulation of insulation loss, in branch circuit conductors, the authors chose to normalize the arcing-fault simulation to be used in laboratory tests. This conventional simulation allows characterization of this intrinsically random phenomenon by means of a probabilistic approach, in order to define in statistical terms the expected short circuit value. The authors examine more closely the arcing-fault in the design of sub distribution branch-circuits as weak points of the installation. In fact, what they propose are straightforward criteria, whether in the structure of the system or in the coordination of protection, which afford a more rational control on arcing-fault.
Parise, G.; Grasseli, U.; Luozzo, V. Di (Univ. di Roma, Rome (Italy). Dept. di Ingegneria Elettrica)
Graphite electrode arc melter demonstration Phase 2 test results
Several U.S. Department of Energy organizations and the U.S. Bureau of Mines have been collaboratively conducting mixed waste treatment process demonstration testing on the near full-scale graphite electrode submerged arc melter system at the Bureau`s Albany (Oregon) Research Center. An initial test series successfully demonstrated arc melter capability for treating surrogate incinerator ash of buried mixed wastes with soil. The conceptual treatment process for that test series assumed that buried waste would be retrieved and incinerated, and that the incinerator ash would be vitrified in an arc melter. This report presents results from a recently completed second series of tests, undertaken to determine the ability of the arc melter system to stably process a wide range of {open_quotes}as-received{close_quotes} heterogeneous solid mixed wastes containing high levels of organics, representative of the wastes buried and stored at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL). The Phase 2 demonstration test results indicate that an arc melter system is capable of directly processing these wastes and could enable elimination of an up-front incineration step in the conceptual treatment process.
Soelberg, N.R.; Chambers, A.G.; Anderson, G.L.; O`Connor, W.K.; Oden, L.L.; Turner, P.C.
Modeling joint friction in structural dynamics.
The presence of mechanical joints--typified by the lap joint--in otherwise linear structures has been accommodated in structural dynamics via ad hoc methods for a century. The methods range from tuning linear models to approximate non-linear behavior in restricted load ranges to various methods which introduce joint dissipation in a post-processing stage. Other methods, employing constitutive models for the joints are being developed and their routine use is on the horizon.
Segalman, Daniel Joseph
Joint Genome Institute's Automation Approach and History
Joint Genome Institute�s Automation Approach and Historythroughput environment; � automation does not necessarilyissues �Islands of Automation� � modular instruments with
Roberts, Simon
1 JOINT DEGREE PROGRAMS DEFINITION AND POLICY: Within the fields of medicine and law, dual training for such complementary training can be demonstrated, the creation of a formal "Joint" degree program in which students or MD) offered at Penn State may be warranted. Such Joint degree programs enhance the educational
Omiecinski, Curtis
The Joint Essential Numerical Range of operators
The Joint Essential Numerical Range of operators: Convexity and Related Results Chi-Kwong Li Classification 47A12, 47A13, 47A55. Keywords Joint essential numerical range, self-adjoint operator, Hilbert the joint behavior of several operators A1, . . . , Am. One may see [1, 5, 12, 14, 15, 16, 19, 23, 28, 31
Li, Chi-Kwong
(influence de la force motrice, de la température, de l'orientation, de la présence d'éléments étrangers produise sponta- nément, il faut qu'il existe une force motrice, c'est-à-dire que le déplacement du joint accessibles. Très schématiquement, on pourra poser entre la vitesse de migration v et la force motrice F une
JOINTLY HYPONORMAL PAIRS OF COMMUTING SUBNORMAL OPERATORS NEED NOT BE JOINTLY SUBNORMAL RA´UL E operators, jointly hyponormal but not admitting commuting normal extensions. Each such family can be used] := ST - TS. We say that an n-tuple T = (T1, · · · , Tn) of operators on H is (jointly) hyponormal
Curto, Raúl
READY FOR TODAY. PREPARING FOR TOMORROW. The Joint Operating Environment is intended to inform joint concept
READY FOR TODAY. PREPARING FOR TOMORROW. #12;The Joint Operating Environment is intended to inform. Inquiries about the Joint Operating Environment should be directed to USJFCOM Public Affairs, 1562 Mitscher R O N M E N T ( J O E ) #12;While U.S. Joint Forces Command's Joint Operating Environment (JOE
Sainudiin, Raazesh
Voltage flicker prediction for two simultaneously operated ac arc furnaces
An EMTP-based arc furnace model was developed for evaluation of flicker concerns associated with supplying a large integrated steel mill as they go from one to two furnace operation and as system changes are implemented that will affect the short circuit capacity at the 230 kV power supply substation. The model includes a dynamic arc representation which is designed to be characteristic of the initial portions of the melt cycle when the arc characteristics are the most variable (worst flicker conditions). The flicker calculations are verified using previous measurements with one furnace operation. Flicker simulations were then performed to evaluate a variety of different possible system strengths with both one and two furnaces in operation. The primary flicker measure used for this study is the unweighted rms value of the fluctuation envelope, expressed as a percentage of the rms line-to-ground voltage magnitude.
Tang, L. [ABB Power T and D Co., Inc., Raleigh, NC (United States)] [ABB Power T and D Co., Inc., Raleigh, NC (United States); Kolluri, S. [Entergy Services, New Orleans, LA (United States)] [Entergy Services, New Orleans, LA (United States); McGranaghan, M.F. [Electrotek Concepts, Inc., Knoxville, TN (United States)] [Electrotek Concepts, Inc., Knoxville, TN (United States)
PNNL 331 Building Arc Flash Team Investigation Report
On Friday, April 21, 2006, a PNNL electrician was performing repair of an electrical system for the 331 Building chilled water pump (CHWP) No.2, when an electrical arc flash occurred inside a 480V combination motor starter. The electrician was taken to the on-site medical provider for evaluation and was released for return to work without restriction. The electrician was not shocked, but did receive a minor, superficial (first degree) burn on the left wrist. This report, the result of a thorough review by the 331 Building Arc Flash Assessment Team, provides an in-depth look at the steps leading up to the arc-flash and recommendations and opportunities for improvement.
Deichman, Mark L.; Drewrey, John C.; Hodges, Hurtis; Madson, Vernon J.; Minton, Allen L.; Montgomery, Daniel M.; Olson, Marvin E.; Rojas, Pedro H.; Sanan, Sanjay K.; Sharp, Reed D.; Sparks, Bobby R.; Swearingen, Gary L.
Data:Bef2d82a-31eb-4fde-8533-2d38bc6f7da3 | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page onb5-dcc1fcffd1f2 NoBcfd1c1f-01b6-4a11-8667-d236d8565086Bef2d82a-31eb-4fde-8533-2d38bc6f7da3 No revision has been approved
Some effects of magnetic blowouts on arc interruption
. , Ths Electric Arc, Electrician, London, 1902. Holm, op. cit. , pp. 257-70. cnr ~ent s. T p Ga exte nal ircu t res for ist 13 10 X X I I 7 I ? ? -/ ? ?- / I -/ / / / / / / / / / o DotteR cnrve inQica Los maximum values of gap... for Testing Materials, Biblio- Vl graphy on Electrical Contacts, Philadelphia, 19/3. Also 19+, 19/5, a n d 19/6 Supplements. // I 'I (15) Ayr ton, H. , The Electric Arc, Electrician, London, 1902. APPENDIX I SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA EXPERIMENTAL...
Benish, Joe
Graphite electrode DC arc furnace. Innovative technology summary report
The Graphite Electrode DC Arc Furnace (DC Arc) is a high-temperature thermal process, which has been adapted from a commercial technology, for the treatment of mixed waste. A DC Arc Furnace heats waste to a temperature such that the waste is converted into a molten form that cools into a stable glassy and/or crystalline waste form. Hazardous organics are destroyed through combustion or pyrolysis during the process and the majority of the hazardous metals and radioactive components are incorporated in the molten phase. The DC Arc Furnace chamber temperature is approximately 593--704 C and melt temperatures are as high as 1,500 C. The DC Arc system has an air pollution control system (APCS) to remove particulate and volatiles from the offgas. The advantage of the DC Arc is that it is a single, high-temperature thermal process that minimizes the need for multiple treatment systems and for extensive sorting/segregating of large volumes of waste. The DC Arc has the potential to treat a wide range of wastes, minimize the need for sorting, reduce the final waste volumes, produce a leach resistant waste form, and destroy organic contaminants. Although the DC arc plasma furnace exhibits great promise for treating the types of mixed waste that are commonly present at many DOE sites, several data and technology deficiencies were identified by the Mixed Waste Focus Area (MWFA) regarding this thermal waste processing technique. The technology deficiencies that have been addressed by the current studies include: establishing the partitioning behavior of radionuclides, surrogates, and hazardous metals among the product streams (metal, slag, and offgas) as a function of operating parameters, including melt temperature, plenum atmosphere, organic loading, chloride concentration, and particle size; demonstrating the efficacy of waste product removal systems for slag and metal phases; determining component durability through test runs of extended duration, evaluating the effect of feed composition variations on process operating conditions and slag product performance; and collecting mass balance and operating data to support equipment and instrument design.
Thermocapillary and arc phenomena in stainless steel welds
Goal was to study effect of power level and distribution on thermocapiilary-induced weld shape and of arc factors on weld shape. Thermocapillarity was apparent in both conduction mode EB welds and GTA welds, particularly in the former. A non-Gaussian arc distribution is suggested for accounting for the differences between the twoss processes. At higher current levels (200--300 A), plasma shear force also contributes to weld shape development. Evidence suggests that thermocapillary flow reversal is not a factor in normal GTA welds; EDB flow reversal occurs only at high power density levels where the keyhole mode is present.
Pierce, S.W.
Metal-ceramic joint assembly
A metal-ceramic joint assembly in which a brazing alloy is situated between metallic and ceramic members. The metallic member is either an aluminum-containing stainless steel, a high chromium-content ferritic stainless steel or an iron nickel alloy with a corrosion protection coating. The brazing alloy, in turn, is either an Au-based or Ni-based alloy with a brazing temperature in the range of 9500 to 1200.degree. C.
Li, Jian (New Milford, CT)
Joint strength in RCS frames
SETUP 3. 4. 1 Loading System. 3. 4. 2 Deformation Measurements . . . . Vt X111 . 1 . I . 1 . 2 . 3 . . . . 3 . 3 . 4 . 5 . . . 6 . 6 . 6 . 7 . 9 . 11 . 13 . 13 . 13 . 13 . 15 . 15 . 15 . 16 . 17 . 19 . 19 . 20 Page 3. 4... Vertical Bearing. 4. 6. 4 Beam Failure Mechanism. Page 4. 6. 5 Column Failure Mechanism 4. 6. 6 Predicted Failure Mechanisms 4. 7 JOINT STRENGTH PREDICTIONS (DISCONTINUOUS BEAM DIRECTION). 5. RESPONSE 5. 1 INTRODUCTION . . 5. 2. GENERAL BEHAVIOR 5...
Kirby, Cynthia Dawn
2-D Hypersonic Non-equilibrium Flow Simulation using r-p Adaptive Time-Implicit Discontinuous Galerkin Method
2-D Hypersonic Non-equilibrium Flow Simulation using r-p Adaptive Time-Implicit Discontinuous Aerospace Sciences Meeting #12;1 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2-D Hypersonic Non Galerkin (DG) methods to 2-D hypersonic flow problems. Previous applications of DG method were limited
Roy, Subrata
Evidence for a non-zero Lambda and a low matter density from a combined analysis of the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey and Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies
We perform a joint likelihood analysis of the power spectra of the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies under the assumptions that the initial fluctuations were adiabatic, Gaussian and well described by power laws with scalar and tensor indices of n_s and n_t. On its own, the 2dFGRS sets tight limits on the parameter combination Omega_m h, but relatively weak limits on the fraction of the cosmic matter density in baryons Omega_b/Omega_m. The CMB anisotropy data alone set poor constraints on the cosmological constant and Hubble constant because of a `geometrical degeneracy' among parameters. Furthermore, if tensor modes are allowed, the CMB data allow a wide range of values for the physical densities in baryons and cold dark matter. Combining the CMB and 2dFGRS data sets helps to break both the geometrical and tensor mode degeneracies. The values of the parameters derived here are consistent with the predictions of the simplest models of inflation, with the baryon density derived from primordial nucleosynthesis and with direct measurements of the Hubble parameter. In particular, we find strong evidence for a positive cosmological constant with a pm 2sigma range of 0.65 < Omega_Lambda < 0.85, completely independently of constraints on Omega_\\Lambda derived from Type Ia supernovae.
George Efstathiou; Stephen Moody; John A. Peacock; Will J. Percival; Carlton Baugh; Joss Bland-Hawthorn; Terry Bridges; Russell Cannon; Shaun Cole; Matthew Colless; Chris Collins; Warrick Couch; Gavin Dalton; Roberto De Propis; Simon P. Driver; Richard S. Ellis; Carlos S. Frenk; Karl Glazebrook; Carole Jackson; Ofer Lahav; Ian Lewis; Stuart Lumsden; Steve Maddox; Peder Norberg; Bruce A. Peterson; Will Sutherland; Keith Taylor
Rates of tectonic and magmatic processes in the North Cascades continental magmatic arc
Continental magmatic arcs are among the most dynamic. geologic systems, and documentation of the magmatic, thermal, and tectonic evolution of arcs is essential for understanding the processes of magma generation, ascent ...
Matzel, Jennifer E. Piontek, 1973-
E-Print Network 3.0 - american volcanic arc Sample Search Results
Sample search results for: american volcanic arc Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Project: EARTH-12-TM2: Volcanic volatile fluxes and the Central American Volcanic Arc (CAVA) Summary:...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc cast lcac Sample Search Results
rocker bottom... by attaching rigid arc shapes of various radii to the bottoms of rigid boots restricting ankle motion. We... (N10) walking with seven arc radii from 0.02-0.40m....
Optical emission spectroscopy of metal vapor dominated laser-arc hybrid welding plasma
During laser-arc hybrid welding, plasma properties affect the welding process and the weld quality. However, hybrid welding plasmas have not been systematically studied. Here we examine electron temperatures, species densities, and electrical conductivity for laser, arc, and laser-arc hybrid welding using optical emission spectroscopy. The effects of arc currents and heat source separation distances were examined because these parameters significantly affect weld quality. Time-average plasma electron temperatures, electron and ion densities, electrical conductivity, and arc stability decrease with increasing heat source separation distance during hybrid welding. Heat source separation distance affects these properties more significantly than the arc current within the range of currents considered. Improved arc stability and higher electrical conductivity of the hybrid welding plasma result from increased heat flux, electron temperatures, electron density, and metal vapor concentrations relative to arc or laser welding.
Ribic, B.; DebRoy, T. [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 (United States); Burgardt, P. [Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 (United States)
E-Print Network 3.0 - auroral red arc Sample Search Results
red arc Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: auroral red arc Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Annales Geophysicae, 23, 15231531, 2005...
ARCS FOUNDATION GLOBAL IMPACT AWARD Global Health, Public Good and Graduate Education
1 ARCS FOUNDATION GLOBAL IMPACT AWARD Global Health, Public Good and Graduate Education Case the ARCS Foundation Awards Luncheon in Atlanta on November 21, 2013. Application Materials: 1) A letter
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc protection class Sample Search Results
in a GIS: A Bidirectional Link between ArcView 2.0TM and XGobi Summary: . The XGobi remote proce- dures callable from within ArcView 2.0 can be grouped into two classes. One...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc welding system Sample Search Results
welding system; (b) DSAW system and coordinate system. density of the arc energy... reduction as a primary goal. As can be seen in figure 1(a), a regular plasma arc welding (PAW)...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc plasma source Sample Search Results
UPDATE A newsletter from the Summary: was built at FCIPT for studying SpacecraftSolar panel - Plasma' interactions that can lead to arcing... which lead to arcing. The range of...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc flash protections Sample Search Results
VOL. 46, NO. 6, NOVEMBERDECEMBER 2010 2233 A Dynamic Model of a High-Temperature Arc Lamp Summary: . 11, pp. 707-711, Nov. 1966. 3 High Performance Flash and Arc Lamps,...
E-Print Network 3.0 - assisted non-consumable arc Sample Search...
gas tungsten arc welding Reginald Crawford,* George E... : An adaptive control based on fuzzy logic has been implemented for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW Source: Zhang, YuMing -...
Characterization of argon arc source in the infrared J. M. Bridges and A. L. Migdall
metrologia Characterization of argon arc source in the infrared J. M. Bridges and A. L. Migdall path. Although a resistor of 0,25 is used for ignition, the arc requires no ballast during Metrologia
Migdall, Alan
Splitting of 3d quaternion dimensions into 2d-sells and a "world screen technology"
A set of basic vectors locally describing metric properties of an arbitrary 2-dimensional (2D) surface is used for construction of fundamental algebraic objects having nilpotent and idempotent properties. It is shown that all possible linear combinations of the objects when multiplied behave as a set of hypercomples (in particular, quaternion) units; thus interior structure of the 3D space dimensions pointed by the vector units is exposed. Geometric representations of elementary surfaces (2D-sells) structuring the dimensions are studied in detail. Established mathematical link between a vector quaternion triad treated as a frame in 3D space and elementary 2D-sells prompts to raise an idea of "world screen" having 1/2 of a space dimension but adequately reflecting kinematical properties of an ensemble of 3D frames.
Alexander P. Yefremov
Transparent Conducting Electrodes based on 1D and 2D Ag Nanogratings for Organic Photovoltaics
The optical and electrical properties of optically-thin one-dimensional (1D) Ag nanogratings and two-dimensional (2D) Ag nanogrids are studied, and their use as transparent electrodes in organic photovoltaics are explored. A large broadband and polarization-insensitive optical absorption enhancement in the organic light-harvesting layers is theoretically and numerically demonstrated using either single-layer 2D Ag nanogrids or two perpendicular 1D Ag nanogratings, and is attributed to the excitation of surface plasmon resonances and plasmonic cavity modes. Total photon absorption enhancements of 150% and 200% are achieved for the optimized single-layer 2D Ag nanogrids and double (top and bottom) perpendicular 1D Ag nanogratings, respectively.
Zeng, Beibei; Bartoli, Filbert J
A hierarchical model was developed to describe the effective transverse thermal conductivity, K effective, of a 2D-SiC/SiC composite made from stacked and infiltrated woven fabric layers in terms of constituent properties and microstructural and architectural variables. The model includes the expected effects of fiber-matrix interfacial conductance as well as the effects of high fiber packing fractions within individual tows and the non-uniform nature of 2D-fabric layers that include a significant amount of interlayer porosity. Model predictions were obtained for two versions of DuPont 2D-Hi Nicalon(Trademark)/PyC/ICVI-SiC composite, one with a thin (0.110 micron) and the other with a thick (1.040 micron) PyC fiber coating. The model predicts that the matrix porosity content and porosity shape factor have a major influence on K effective(T) for such a composite.
Youngblood, Gerald E.; Senor, David J.; Jones, Russell H.
Sediment Budget Analysis System (SBAS) for ArcGIS 10 -User's Guide Page 1 of 49
Sediment Budget Analysis System (SBAS) for ArcGIS 10 - User's Guide Page 1 of 49 CESAM-OPJ-GIS Document current as of March 28, 2012 10:27 AM Sediment Budget Analysis System (SBAS) for ArcGIS 10 User's Guide D R AFT #12;Sediment Budget Analysis System (SBAS) for ArcGIS 10 - User's Guide Page 2 of 49 CESAM
US Army Corps of Engineers
Sediment Budget Analysis System (SBAS) for ArcGIS 10 -User's Guide Page 1 of 50
Sediment Budget Analysis System (SBAS) for ArcGIS 10 - User's Guide Page 1 of 50 CESAM-OPJ-GIS Document current as of June 27, 2012 10:09 AM Sediment Budget Analysis System (SBAS) for ArcGIS 10 User's Guide D R AFT #12;Sediment Budget Analysis System (SBAS) for ArcGIS 10 - User's Guide Page 2 of 50 CESAM
Modelling of the bead formation during multi pass hybrid laser/gas metal arc welding
- 1 - Modelling of the bead formation during multi pass hybrid laser/gas metal arc welding Olivier dimensional finite element model has been developed to simulate weld bead formation in multi pass hybrid laser/gas metal arc welding. The model considers both a gas metal arc welding (GMAW) electrode and a laser beam
Control Engineering Practice 11 (2003) 14011411 Modeling and control of quasi-keyhole arc welding process
Control Engineering Practice 11 (2003) 14011411 Modeling and control of quasi-keyhole arc welding to operate the keyhole arc welding process. Because the method's effectiveness depends on the amperage reserved. Keywords: Modeling; Predictive control; Manufacturing; Welding 1. Introduction Keyhole arc
~.,Slag-Metal Equilibrium During Submerged e-~~ Arc Welding
~~ . ~.·,Slag-Metal Equilibrium During Submerged ·e-~~ Arc Welding C. S. CHAI AND T. W. EAGAR A thermodynamic model of the equilibria existing between the slag and the weld metal during submerged arc welding over forty years ago, submerged arc welding has developed into one of the most efficient, most reliable
Individualization of textural and reactional microdomains in eclogites from the Bergen Arcs (Norway): Consequences for
Individualization of textural and reactional microdomains in eclogites from the Bergen Arcs (Norway in Caledonian eclogites from the Linda°s Nappe, Bergen Arcs, Norway, in order to investigate processes in eclogites from the Bergen Arcs (Norway): Consequences for Rb/Sr and Ar/Ar radiochronometer behavior during
Demouchy, Sylvie
A static voltage-current characteristic for the low current DC arc
in the literature. Evaluated using the F-statistic, the best model, with a standard error of less than 3V , was a voltage source, opposed to the system voltage, dependent only on arc length. Current only influenced arc lifetime. Varc=l3v+l68v/inch*arc length...
Moores, Gregory Lee
Longitudinally propagating arc wave in the pre-onset optical aurora V. M. Uritsky,1
Longitudinally propagating arc wave in the pre-onset optical aurora V. M. Uritsky,1 J. Liang,1 E aurora � the longitudinally propagating arc wave (LPAW) � associated with flapping oscillations, and K. H. Glassmeier (2009), Longitudinally propagating arc wave in the pre-onset optical aurora
California at Berkeley, University of
ACYCLIC GROUPS AND WILD ARCS A. J. BERRICK AND YAN-LOI WONG Abstract. We discuss two classes, and is shown to include a number of wild arc groups in the literature. 0. Introduction This paper introduces cyclic cover of X \\ is the complement of a wild arc in S3 with the following properties. (i) S3
Berrick, A J.
A Generic Arc-Consistency Algorithm and its Specializations1
not take into account the semantics of constraints. In this paper, we present a new generic arc satisfaction problems (CSP). A CSP is de ned by a nite set of variables taking values from nite domains of applications include graph-coloring, warehouse locations, car-sequencing and cutting stock (see for instance 4
Deville, Yves
A Generic ArcConsistency Algorithm and its Specializations 1
, these algorithms do not take into account the semantics of constraints. In this paper, we present a new generic arc as constraint satisfaction problems (CSP). A CSP is defined by a finite set of variables taking values from. Examples of applications include graphcoloring, warehouse locations, carsequencing and cutting stock (see
Self-organisation Processes In The Carbon ARC For Nanosynthis
The atmospheric pressure carbon arc in inert gases such as helium is an important method for the production of nanomaterials. It has recently been shown that the formation of the carbon deposit on the cathode from gaseous carbon plays a crucial role in the operation of the arc, reaching the high temperatures necessary for thermionic emission to take place even with low melting point cathodes. Based on observed ablation and deposition rates, we explore the implications of deposit formation on the energy balance at the cathode surface, and show how the operation of the arc is self-organised process. Our results suggest that the can arc operate in two di erent regimes, one of which has an important contribution from latent heat to the cathode energy balance. This regime is characterised by the enhanced ablation rate, which may be favourable for high yield synthesis of nanomaterials. The second regime has a small and approximately constant ablation rate with a negligible contribution from latent heat.
Ng, Jonathan; Raitses, Yevgeny
Ng, J.; Raitses, Yefgeny [Princeton Plasma Physics Lab., Princeton, NJ (United States)
Pulse thermal processing of functional materials using directed plasma arc
A method of thermally processing a material includes exposing the material to at least one pulse of infrared light emitted from a directed plasma arc to thermally process the material, the pulse having a duration of no more than 10 s.
Ott, Ronald D. (Knoxville, TN); Blue, Craig A. (Knoxville, TN); Dudney, Nancy J. (Knoxville, TN); Harper, David C. (Kingston, TN)
The fractal nature of vacuum arc cathode spots
Cathode spot phenomena show many features of fractals, for example self-similar patterns in the emitted light and arc erosion traces. Although there have been hints on the fractal nature of cathode spots in the literature, the fractal approach to spot interpretation is underutilized. In this work, a brief review of spot properties is given, touching the differences between spot type 1 (on cathodes surfaces with dielectric layers) and spot type 2 (on metallic, clean surfaces) as well as the known spot fragment or cell structure. The basic properties of self-similarity, power laws, random colored noise, and fractals are introduced. Several points of evidence for the fractal nature of spots are provided. Specifically power laws are identified as signature of fractal properties, such as spectral power of noisy arc parameters (ion current, arc voltage, etc) obtained by fast Fourier transform. It is shown that fractal properties can be observed down to the cutoff by measurement resolution or occurrence of elementary steps in physical processes. Random walk models of cathode spot motion are well established: they go asymptotically to Brownian motion for infinitesimal step width. The power spectrum of the arc voltage noise falls as 1/f {sup 2}, where f is frequency, supporting a fractal spot model associated with Brownian motion.
Anders, Andre
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Spectra and redshifts
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) is designed to measure redshifts for approximately 250000 galaxies. This paper describes the survey design, the spectroscopic observations, the redshift measurements and the survey database. The 2dFGRS uses the 2dF multi-fibre spectrograph on the Anglo-Australian Telescope, which is capable of observing 400 objects simultaneously over a 2-degree diameter field. The source catalogue for the survey is a revised and extended version of the APM galaxy catalogue, and the targets are galaxies with extinction-corrected magnitudes brighter than b_J=19.45. The main survey regions are two declination strips, one in the southern Galactic hemisphere spanning 80deg x 15deg around the SGP, and the other in the northern Galactic hemisphere spanning 75deg x 10deg along the celestial equator; in addition, there are 99 fields spread over the southern Galactic cap. The survey covers 2000 sq.deg and has a median depth of z=0.11. Adaptive tiling is used to give a highly uniform sampling rate of 93% over the whole survey region. Redshifts are measured from spectra covering 3600A-8000A at a two-pixel resolution of 9.0A and a median S/N of 13 per pixel. All redshift identifications are visually checked and assigned a quality parameter Q in the range 1-5; Q>=3 redshifts are 98.4% reliable and have an rms uncertainty of 85 km/s. The overall redshift completeness for Q>=3 redshifts is 91.8%, but this varies with magnitude from 99% for the brightest galaxies to 90% for objects at the survey limit. The 2dFGRS database is available on the WWW at http://www.mso.anu.edu.au/2dFGRS
Matthew Colless; G. B. Dalton; S. J. Maddox; W. J. Sutherland; P. Norberg; S. Cole; J. Bland-Hawthorn; T. J. Bridges; R. D. Cannon; C. A. Collins; W. J Couch; N. G. J. Cross; K. Deeley; R. DePropris; S. P. Driver; G. Efstathiou; R. S. Ellis; C. S. Frenk; K. Glazebrook; C. A. Jackson; O. Lahav; I. J. Lewis; S. L. Lumsden; D. S. Madgwick; J. A. Peacock; B. A. Peterson; I. A. Price; M. Seaborne; K. Taylor
Design of cellular VLSI 2-D mesh for large state space viterbi algorithms
DESIGN OF CELLULAR VLSI 2-D MESH FOR LARGE STATE SPACE VITERBI ALGORITHMS A Thesis by SAIFUL HASAN Submitted to the OAice of Graduate Studies of Texas A 8t M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER... OF SCIENCE May 1991 Major Subject: Electrical Engineering DESIGN OF CELLULAR VLSI 2-D MESH FOR LARGE STATE SPACE VITERBI ALGORITHMS A Thesis by SAIFUL HASAN Appmved as to style and content by: William Bliss ( Co-chairman of Committee ) Hosame Abu...
Hasan, Saiful
Statistics of jamming in the discharge of a 2-D Silo
Jamming and avalanche statistics are studied in a simulation of the discharge of a polydisperse ensemble of disks from a 2-D silo. Exponential distributions are found for the avalanche sizes for all sizes of the exit opening, in agreement with reported experiments. The average avalanche size grows quite fast with the size of the exit opening. Data for this growth agree better with a critical divergence with a large critical exponent, as reported for 3-D experiments, than with the exponential growth reported for 2-D experiments.
Gabriel Perez
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: The amplitudes of fluctuations in the 2dFGRS and the CMB, and implications for galaxy biasing
We compare the amplitudes of fluctuations probed by the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey and by the latest measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies. By combining the 2dFGRS and CMB data we find the linear-theory rms mass fluctuations in 8 Mpc/h spheres to be sigma_8 = 0.73 +-0.05 (after marginalization over the matter density parameter Omega_m and three other free parameters). This normalization is lower than the COBE normalization and previous estimates from cluster abundance, but it is in agreement with some revised cluster abundance determinations. We also estimate the scale-independent bias parameter of present-epoch L_s = 1.9L_* APM-selected galaxies to be b(L_s,z=0) = 1.10 +- 0.08 on comoving scales of 0.02 < k < 0.15 h/Mpc. If luminosity segregation operates on these scales, L_* galaxies would be almost un-biased, b(L_*,z=0) = 0.96. These results are derived by assuming a flat Lambda-CDM Universe, and by marginalizing over other free parameters and fixing the spectral index n=1 and the optical depth due to reionization tau=0. We also study the best fit pair (Omega_m,b), and the robustness of the results to varying n and tau. Various modelling corrections can each change the resulting b by 5-15 per cent. The results are compared with other independent measurements from the 2dFGRS itself, and from the SDSS, cluster abundance and cosmic shear.
Ofer Lahav; Sarah L. Bridle; Will J. Percival; John A. Peacock; George Efstathiou; Carlton M. Baugh; Joss Bland-Hawthorn; Terry Bridges; Russell Cannon; Shaun Cole; Matthew Colless; Chris Collins; Warrick Couch; Gavin Dalton; Roberto De Propris; Simon P. Driver; Richard S. Ellis; Carlos S. Frenk; Karl Glazebrook; Carole Jackson; Ian Lewis; Stuart Lumsden; Steve Maddox; Darren S. Madgwick; Stephen Moody; Peder Norberg; Bruce A. Peterson; Will Sutherland; Keith Taylor
Data:909cb0ad-9159-40ad-a117-2d7740c2d61e | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office695810186 No revisione0a2d50bdf No18fed1db58-e7b51f6388655-83a5-eb235f1bc98b7668b323b85d374ee3b1908a089c250
Joint Announcement | Department of Energy
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "of EnergyEnergyENERGYWomentheATLANTA,Fermi NationalBusinessDepartmentatJeffRoundtables | Department ofJoint
ScienceCinema (OSTI)
The Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP) is the nation's largest research program dedicated to the development of an artificial solar-fuel generation technology. Established in 2010 as a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Energy Innovation Hub, JCAP aims to find a cost-effective method to produce fuels using only sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide as inputs. JCAP brings together more than 140 top scientists and researchers from the California Institute of Technology and its lead partner, Berkeley Lab, along with collaborators from the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, and the University of California campuses at Irvine and San Diego.
Koval, Carl; Lee, Kenny; Houle, Frances; Lewis, Nate
Joint DOE-Rosatom Statement
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "of EnergyEnergyENERGY TAX POLICIES7.pdfFuel2007 | Department7January 2015Jim Stock AboutSummit |theJoint
Entropic uncertainties for joint quantum measurements
We investigate the uncertainty associated with a joint quantum measurement of two spin components of a spin-(1/2) particle and quantify this in terms of entropy. We consider two entropic quantities, the joint entropy and the sum of the marginal entropies, and obtain lower bounds for each of these quantities. For the case of joint measurements where we measure each spin observable equally well, these lower bounds are tight.
Brougham, Thomas [Department of Physics, FJFI, CVUT, Brehova 7, 115 19 Praha 1 (Czech Republic); SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 ONG (United Kingdom); Andersson, Erika [SUPA, Department of Physics, School of EPS, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4As (United Kingdom); Barnett, Stephen M. [SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 ONG (United Kingdom)
Range of joint motion in college males
. These include the fact that there is little agreement as to the definition and limits of normal f1exibility. It was also found that the range of joint motion is highly specific and that measurement of one body joint cannot be used to predict the range... many of the problems outlined by Holland. There have been several techniques developed for measuring range of' joint motion. Adrian (1968), The American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (1968), Ayoub (1972), Clarke (1975), Dempster (1955), Garrett...
Houy, David Richard
3D Shape from Silhouette Points in Registered 2D Images Using Conjugate Gradient Method
3D Shape from Silhouette Points in Registered 2D Images Using Conjugate Gradient Method Andrzej version of the conjugate gradient method. We take advantage of the structure of the problem to make polynomial function. The approximate problem is solved using a nonlinear conjugate gradient solver that takes
Hoff, William A.
Understanding 2D critical percolation from Harris to Smirnov and beyond
Understanding 2D critical percolation from Harris to Smirnov and beyond Oded Schramm http? Harris 1960 / Kesten 1980: no for d = 2. Hara & Slade 1990: no if d 19. 5 #12;Specialize to critical;Triangular lattice, site percolation (TG): 8 #12;Triangular lattice, site percolation (TG): 9 #12;The Harris
Narasayya, Vivek
Finite-element discretization of a linearized 2 -D model for lubricated oil transportation
Finite-element discretization of a linearized 2 - D model for lubricated oil transportation V acts as a lubricant by coating the wall of the pipeline, thus preventing the oil from adhering is devoted to the numerical simulation of a linearized model for the lubricated trans- portation of heavy
Frey, Pascal
Genetic Algorithm for Predicting Protein Folding in the 2D HP Model
Genetic Algorithm for Predicting Protein Folding in the 2D HP Model A Parameter Tuning Case Study of a protein, predicting its tertiary structure is known as the protein folding problem. This problem has been. The protein folding problem in the HP model is to find a conformation (a folded sequence) with the lowest
Emmerich, Michael
Ionwater hydrogen-bond switching observed with 2D IR vibrational echo chemical
Ionwater hydrogen-bond switching observed with 2D IR vibrational echo chemical exchange for review November 8, 2008) The exchange of water hydroxyl hydrogen bonds between anions and water oxygens of anion water hydroxyl hydrogen bond switching under thermal equilib- rium conditions as Taw 7 1 ps. Pump
Fayer, Michael D.
Electronic properties of 2D and 3D hybrid organic/inorganic perovskites for optoelectronic
Electronic properties of 2D and 3D hybrid organic/inorganic perovskites for optoelectronic, optoelectronic properties, photovoltaic, exciton 1. Introduction Over the past decade, Hybrid Organic/inorganic Perovskites (HOP) have attracted increasing interest in the field of optoelectronics (Mitzi et al. 1995
RENORMALIZED ENERGY EQUIDISTRIBUTION AND LOCAL CHARGE BALANCE IN 2D COULOMB SYSTEMS SIMONA ROTA of the "Coulomb renormalized energy" of Sandier-Serfaty, which corresponds to the total Coulomb interaction point charges with Coulomb pair interaction, in a con- fining potential (minimizers of this energy also
2D Gravity with Torsion, Oriented Matroids and 2+2 Dimensions
We find a link between oriented matroid theory and 2d gravity with torsion. Our considerations may be useful in the context of noncommutative phase space in a target spacetime of signature (2+2) and in a possible theory of gravity ramification.
J. A. Nieto; E. A. Leon
2D and 3D Visibility in Discrete Geometry: an application to discrete geodesic paths
1 2D and 3D Visibility in Discrete Geometry: an application to discrete geodesic paths D discrete geodesic paths in discrete domain with obstacles. This allows us to introduce a new geodesic metric in discrete geometry. Keywords: discrete visibility, geodesic path, distance transform, discrete
Application of the 2-D Continuous Wavelet Transforms for Characterization of Geological and Geophysical Data
the 2-D CWT to character- ize the surface of two samples of Fe_(2)O_(3) and three samples of calcite. For a fresh surface of the calcite mineral, a cleavage plane exposed by fracturing, the surface measurements show discrete jumps in height because...
Vuong, Au K
2D/1D approximations to the 3D neutron transport equation. I: Theory
A new class of '2D/1D' approximations is proposed for the 3D linear Boltzmann equation. These approximate equations preserve the exact transport physics in the radial directions x and y and diffusion physics in the axial direction z. Thus, the 2D/1D equations are more accurate approximations of the 3D Boltzmann equation than the conventional 3D diffusion equation. The 2D/1D equations can be systematically discretized, to yield accurate simulation methods for 3D reactor core problems. The resulting solutions will be more accurate than 3D diffusion solutions, and less expensive to generate than standard 3D transport solutions. In this paper, we (i) show that the simplest 2D/1D equation has certain desirable properties, (ii) systematically discretize this equation, and (iii) derive a stable iteration scheme for solving the discrete system of equations. In a companion paper [1], we give numerical results that confirm the theoretical predictions of accuracy and iterative stability. (authors)
Kelley, B. W.; Larsen, E. W. [Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (United States)
SEEING 3D OBJECTS IN A SINGLE 2D IMAGE Diego Rother
SEEING 3D OBJECTS IN A SINGLE 2D IMAGE By Diego Rother and Guillermo Sapiro IMA Preprint SeriesD segmentation, object recognition, and 3D reconstruction from a single image is introduced in this paper. The proposed approach partitions 3D space into voxels and estimates the voxel states
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: voids and hierarchical scaling models
We measure the redshift space reduced void probability function (VPF) for 2dFGRS volume limited galaxy samples covering the absolute magnitude range M_bJ-5logh=-18 to -22. Theoretically, the VPF connects the distribution of voids to the moments of galaxy clustering of all orders, and can be used to discriminate clustering models in the weakly non-linear regime. The reduced VPF measured from the 2dFGRS is in excellent agreement with the paradigm of hierarchical scaling of the galaxy clustering moments. The accuracy of our measurement is such that we can rule out, at a very high significance, popular models for galaxy clustering, including the lognormal distribution. We demonstrate that the negative binomial model gives a very good approximation to the 2dFGRS data over a wide range of scales, out to at least 20h-1Mpc. Conversely, the reduced VPF for dark matter in a LambdaCDM universe does appear to be lognormal on small scales but deviates significantly beyond \\approx 4h-1Mpc. We find little dependence of the 2dFGRS reduced VPF on galaxy luminosity. Our results hold independently in both the north and south Galactic pole survey regions.
D. J. Croton; M. Colless; E. Gaztanaga; C. M. Baugh; P. Norberg; I. K. Baldry; J. Bland-Hawthorn; T. Bridges; R. Cannon; S. Cole; C. Collins; W. Couch; G. Dalton; R. De Propris; S. P. Driver; G. Efstathiou; R. S. Ellis; C. S. Frenk; K. Glazebrook; C. Jackson; O. Lahav; I. Lewis; S. Lumsden; S. Maddox; D. Madgwick; J. A. Peacock; B. A. Peterson; W. Sutherland; K. Taylor
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Spectral Types and Luminosity Functions
We describe the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS), and the current status of the observations. In this exploratory paper, we apply a Principal Component Analysis to a preliminary sample of 5869 galaxy spectra and use the two most significant components to split the sample into five spectral classes. These classes are defined by considering visual classifications of a subset of the 2dF spectra, and also by comparing to high quality spectra of local galaxies. We calculate a luminosity function for each of the different classes and find that later-type galaxies have a fainter characteristic magnitude, and a steeper faint-end slope. For the whole sample we find M*=-19.7 (for Omega=1, H_0=100 km/sec/Mpc), alpha=-1.3, phi*=0.017. For class 1 (`early-type') we find M*=-19.6, alpha=-0.7, while for class 5 (`late-type') we find M*=-19.0, alpha=-1.7. The derived 2dF luminosity functions agree well with other recent luminosity function estimates.
S. R. Folkes; S. Ronen; I. Price; O. Lahav; M. Colless; S. J. Maddox; K. E. Deeley; K. Glazebrook; J. Bland-Hawthorn; R. D. Cannon; S. Cole; C. A. Collins; W. J. Couch; S. P. Driver; G. Dalton; G. Efstathiou; R. S. Ellis; C. S. Frenk; N. Kaiser; I. J. Lewis; S. L. Lumsden; J. A. Peacock; B. A. Peterson; W. Sutherland; K. Taylor
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: The Number and Luminosity Density of Galaxies
We present the bivariate brightness distribution (BBD) for the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) based on a preliminary subsample of 45,000 galaxies. The BBD is an extension of the galaxy luminosity function incorporating surface brightness information. It allows the measurement of the local luminosity density, j_B, and the galaxy luminosity and surface brightness distributions while accounting for surface brightness selection biases. The recovered 2dFGRS BBD shows a strong surface brightness-luminosity relation (M_B~2.4\\mu_e). The luminosity-density is dominated by normal galaxies and the luminosity-density peak lies away from the selection boundaries implying that the 2dFGRS is complete and that luminous low surface brightness galaxies are rare. The final value we derive for the local luminosity-density, inclusive of surface brightness corrections, is: j_B=2.49+/-0.20x10^8 h L_solar Mpc^-3. Representative Schechter function parameters are: M*=-19.75+/-0.05, phi*=2.02+/-0.02x10^-2 and alpha=-1.09+/-0.03. Extending the conventional methodology to incorporate surface brightness selection effects has resulted in an increase in the luminosity-density of 37%.
Nicholas Cross; Simon P. Driver; Warrick Couch; Carlton M. Baugh; Joss Bland-Hawthorn; Terry Bridges; Russell Cannon; Shaun Cole; Matthew Colless; Chris Collins; Gavin Dalton; Kathryn Deeley; Roberto De Propris; George Efstathiou; Richard S. Ellis; Carlos S. Frenk; Karl Glazebrook; Carole Jackson; Ofer Lahav; Ian Lewis; Stuart Lumsden; Steve Maddox; Darren Madgwick; Stephen Moody; Peder Norberg; John A. Peacock; Bruce A. Peterson; Ian Price; Mark Seaborne; Will Sutherland; Helen Tadros; Keith Taylor
The visibility complex made visibly simple an introduction to 2D structures of visibility
. Then a sweeping algorithm that can build the complex in O(mlog(n)) where n is the size of the visibility graph when a line becomes tangent to three objects. This is shown in the video. The complex is build usingThe visibility complex made visibly simple an introduction to 2D structures of visibility Fr
Durand, Fr�do
Development of a Hybrid Powered 2D Biped Walking Machine Designed for Rough Terrain Locomotion
has built a three legged 2D biped walking machine to be used as a test stand for studying rough terrain walking. The specific aim of this research is to investigate how biped walkers can best maintain walking stability when acted upon by small...
Baker, Bryce C.
LNG FEM: GENERATING GRADED MESHES AND SOLVING ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS ON 2-D DOMAINS OF POLYGONAL, Minnesota 554550436 Phone: 612-624-6066 Fax: 612-626-7370 URL: http://www.ima.umn.edu #12;LNG FEM AND VICTOR NISTOR Abstract. We develop LNG FEM, a software package for graded mesh gen- eration
Water Dynamics in Salt Solutions Studied with Ultrafast Two-Dimensional Infrared (2D IR)
Water Dynamics in Salt Solutions Studied with Ultrafast Two-Dimensional Infrared (2D IR RECEIVED ON FEBRUARY 3, 2009 C O N S P E C T U S Water is ubiquitous in nature, but it exists as pure water infrequently. From the ocean to biology, water molecules interact with a wide variety of dissolved species
Feature Based Rendering for 2D/3D Partial Volume Segmentation Zigang Wang1
Feature Based Rendering for 2D/3D Partial Volume Segmentation Datasets Zigang Wang1 and Zhengrong 11794, USA ABSTRACT In this paper, a new feature based rendering algorithm for partial volume is presented. This algorithm utilizes both surface and volume information for the rendering of the partial
Size-dependent ultrafast structural dynamics inside phospholipid vesicle bilayers measured with 2D IR
Size-dependent ultrafast structural dynamics inside phospholipid vesicle bilayers measured with 2D 25, 2013) The ultrafast structural dynamics inside the bilayers of dilauroyl- phosphatidylcholine was used as a vibrational probe and provided information on spectral diffusion (structural dynam- ics
Interactive Control of Mesh Topology in Quadrilateral Mesh Generation Based on 2D Tensor Fields
Interactive Control of Mesh Topology in Quadrilateral Mesh Generation Based on 2D Tensor Fields for Computational Science, Japan 2 Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan Abstract. Generating quadrilateral meshes is very important in many industrial applications such as finite element
Takahashi, Shigeo
Nonlinear interaction of compressional waves in a 2D dusty plasma crystal
sound waves is dispersionless [4,9,10], with a speed CL = /k given in Ref. [9]. Here, 2 0 = Q2 /4 0ma3 monolayers [1], electrons on the surface of liquid helium [2], rare gas atoms ab- sorbed on graphite [3 a screened Coulomb repulsion or Yukawa potential. Sound waves, or phonons, in a 2D Yukawa lattice are well
Goree, John
Assisted Teleoperation Strategies for Aggressively Controlling a Robot Arm with 2D Input
Assisted Teleoperation Strategies for Aggressively Controlling a Robot Arm with 2D Input Erkang You,firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract--This paper studies assisted teleoperation techniques for controlling a 6DOF robot arm using click, and overall satisfaction. I. INTRODUCTION Assisted teleoperation allows a user to operate a robot while
Indiana University
Dynamics and control of the system of a 2-D rigid circular cylinder and point vortices
Dynamics and control of the system of a 2-D rigid circular cylinder and point vortices Zhanhua Ma dynamically interacting with N point vortices in its vicinity [16] is an idealized example of coupled solid from a fluid mechanics viewpoint as well as a dynamics and control viewpoint. The problem has many
Shashikanth, Banavara N.
Thompson/Ocean 420/Winter 2004 2D waves 1 Two-dimensional wave propagation
Thompson/Ocean 420/Winter 2004 2D waves 1 Two-dimensional wave propagation So far we have talked about wave propagation in one-dimension. For two or three spatial dimensions, we vectorize our ideas propagation. For surface waves, there is no vertical propagation, and we are only concerned with the two
Thompson, LuAnne
The Anglo-Australian Observatory�s 2dF facility
The 2dF (Two-degree Field) facility at the prime focus of the Anglo-Australian Telescope provides multiple object spectroscopy over a 2 ? field of view. Up to 400 target fibres can be independently positioned by a complex robot. Two spectrographs provide spectra with resolutions of between 500 and 2000, over wavelength ranges of 440nm and 110nm respectively. The 2dF facility began routine observations in 1997. 2dF was designed primarily for galaxy redshift surveys and has a number of innovative features. The large corrector lens incorporates an atmospheric dispersion compensator, essential for wide wavelength coverage with small diameter fibres. The instrument has two full sets of fibres on separate field plates, so that re-configuring can be done in parallel with observing. The robot positioner places one fibre every 6 seconds, to a precision of 0.3 arcsec (20 �m) over the full field. All components of 2dF, including the spectrographs, are mounted on a 5-m diameter telescope top-end ring for ease of handling and to keep the optical fibres short in order to maximise UV throughput.
I. J. Lewis; R. D. Cannon; K. Taylor; K. Glazebrook; J. A. Bailey; J. D. Whittard; J. K. Wilcox; K. C. Willis
Asymptotic stability of ground states in 2D nonlinear Schrodinger equation including subcritical cases
Asymptotic stability of ground states in 2D nonlinear Schr¨odinger equation including subcritical encompassing for the first time both subcritical and supercrit- ical (in L2 ) nonlinearities. We study) = ei g(s), R. (1.4) The equation has important applications in statistical physics, optics and water
Asymptotic stability of ground states in 2D nonlinear Schr¨odinger equation including subcritical general encompassing for the first time both subcritical and supercritical (in L2 ) nonlinearities. We physics, optics and water waves. For g(s) = s3 , it describes certain limiting behavior of Bose
Zarnescu, Arghir Dani
2d International Littmann Conference Jan. 2006, Aksum, Ethiopia The National Archives and Library of Ethiopia
Ana�s Wion 2d International Littmann Conference � Jan. 2006, Aksum, Ethiopia PRE-PRINT The National Archives and Library of Ethiopia: six years of Ethio-French cooperation (2001-2006) Most scholars are aware traditions are a reality that should more often be discussed openly by the scholarly community. In Ethiopia
The svgl toolkit: enabling fast rendering of rich 2D graphics Stephane Conversy1,2
The svgl toolkit: enabling fast rendering of rich 2D graphics St´ephane Conversy1,2 Jean powerful graphical processors be- come available on mainstream computers, it becomes possible , a graphical toolkit that enables programmers and design- ers of interactive applications to benefit from
Quantum Monte Carlo study of a disordered 2D Josephson junction array
Quantum Monte Carlo study of a disordered 2D Josephson junction array W.A. Al-Saidi *, D. Stroud reserved. PACS: 74.25.Dw; 05.30.Jp; 85.25.Cp Keywords: Josephson junctions; Quantum Monte Carlo; Disorder 1. Introduction A Josephson junction array (JJA) consists of a collection of superconducting islands connected
Stroud, David
2D Simultaneous Localization And Mapping for Micro Air Vehicles Adrien Angeli1
, heavy weight and high energy consumption. Instead, vision seems to be a good alternative: it is cheap2D Simultaneous Localization And Mapping for Micro Air Vehicles Adrien Angeli1 David Filliat2 St to shift from human-controlled aircrafts to partially-autonomous flying agents. Today, one of the main
Definition RX Evaluate Kernels K-2d K-1d Change By definition undefined
Definition RX Evaluate Kernels K-2d K-1d Change By def�i�ni�tion undefined Adventures in anomaly Alamos National Laboratory Research supported by the United States Department of Energy through the Los Alamos Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program. #12;Theiler LA-UR-14-24429 Definition
Theiler, James
2D control of field-driven magnetic bubble movement using Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions
. Fukushima and S. Yuasa, Nature Phys. 7, 626 (2011) 2D. A. Allwood, G. Xiong, C. C. Faulkner, D. Atkinson, D. Petit and R. P. Cowburn, Science 309, 1688 (2005) 3D. A. Allwood, G. Xiong, M. D. Cooke, C. C. Faulkner,D. Atkin- son, N. Vernier and R. P. Cowburn...
Petit, Doroth�e; Seem, Peter R.; Tillette, Marine; Mansell, Rhodri; Cowburn, Russell P.
Factorization of Darboux transformations of arbitrary order for 2D Schroedinger operators
We give a proof of Darboux's conjecture that every Darboux transformation of arbitrary order of a 2D Schroedinger type operator can be factorized into Darboux transformations of order one. The proof is constructive. The result was achieved in the framework of an algebraic approach to Darboux transformations which is put forward in this paper.
Ekaterina Shemyakova
Hydrogen Bond Migration between Molecular Sites Observed with Ultrafast 2D IR Chemical Exchange Spectroscopy
Hydrogen Bond Migration between Molecular Sites Observed with Ultrafast 2D IR Chemical ExchangeVed: January 12, 2010 Hydrogen-bonded complexes between phenol and phenylacetylene are studied using ultrafast hydrogen bonding acceptor sites (phenyl or acetylene) that compete for hydrogen bond donors in solution
A 2D/3D Discrete Duality Finite Volume Scheme. Application to ECG simulation Y. Coudi`ere Universit for ECG simulation 1 Introduction Computer models of the electrical activity in the myocardium, the measurement of which on the body surface is the well-known electrocardiogram (ECG). It gives a non
An Efficient Genetic Algorithm for Predicting Protein Tertiary Structures in the 2D HP Model
, predicting its tertiary structure is known as the protein folding problem. This problem has been widely genetic algo- rithm for the protein folding problem under the HP model in the two-dimensional square Genetic Algorithm, Protein Folding Problem, 2D HP Model 1. INTRODUCTION Amino acids are the building
Istrail, Sorin
Plateau border bulimia transition: discontinuities expected in three simple experiments on 2D liquid foams
be observable. II. 2D GLASS-GLASS FOAM GEOMETRICAL VADEMECUM In the present section, we shall provide a geometri- cal description and some corresponding results for two- dimensional foams squeezed between two glass liquid foams Pierre Rognon, Fran¸cois Molino, and Cyprien Gay Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, CNRS, UPR
be observable. II. 2D GLASS-GLASS FOAM GEOMETRICAL VADEMECUM In the present section, we shall provide a geometri- cal description and some corresponding results for two- dimensional foams squeezed between two glass liquid foams Pierre Rognon, Fran#24;cois Molino, and Cyprien Gay #3; Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal
Recanati, Catherine
The simulation of 3D microcalcification clusters in 2D digital mammography and breast tomosynthesis
Purpose: This work proposes a new method of building 3D models of microcalcification clusters and describes the validation of their realistic appearance when simulated into 2D digital mammograms and into breast tomosynthesis images. Methods: A micro-CT unit was used to scan 23 breast biopsy specimens of microcalcification clusters with malignant and benign characteristics and their 3D reconstructed datasets were segmented to obtain 3D models of microcalcification clusters. These models were then adjusted for the x-ray spectrum used and for the system resolution and simulated into 2D projection images to obtain mammograms after image processing and into tomographic sequences of projection images, which were then reconstructed to form 3D tomosynthesis datasets. Six radiologists were asked to distinguish between 40 real and 40 simulated clusters of microcalcifications in two separate studies on 2D mammography and tomosynthesis datasets. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to test the ability of each observer to distinguish between simulated and real microcalcification clusters. The kappa statistic was applied to assess how often the individual simulated and real microcalcification clusters had received similar scores (''agreement'') on their realistic appearance in both modalities. This analysis was performed for all readers and for the real and the simulated group of microcalcification clusters separately. ''Poor'' agreement would reflect radiologists' confusion between simulated and real clusters, i.e., lesions not systematically evaluated in both modalities as either simulated or real, and would therefore be interpreted as a success of the present models. Results: The area under the ROC curve, averaged over the observers, was 0.55 (95% confidence interval [0.44, 0.66]) for the 2D study, and 0.46 (95% confidence interval [0.29, 0.64]) for the tomosynthesis study, indicating no statistically significant difference between real and simulated lesions (p > 0.05). Agreement between allocated lesion scores for 2D mammography and those for the tomosynthesis series was poor. Conclusions: The realistic appearance of the 3D models of microcalcification clusters, whether malignant or benign clusters, was confirmed for 2D digital mammography images and the breast tomosynthesis datasets; this database of clusters is suitable for use in future observer performance studies related to the detectability of microcalcification clusters. Such studies include comparing 2D digital mammography to breast tomosynthesis and comparing different reconstruction algorithms.
Shaheen, Eman; Van Ongeval, Chantal; Zanca, Federica; Cockmartin, Lesley; Marshall, Nicholas; Jacobs, Jurgen; Young, Kenneth C.; Dance, David R.; Bosmans, Hilde [Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven (Belgium); National Coordinating Centre for the Physics of Mammography, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, GU2 7XX (United Kingdom); Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven (Belgium)
JIBS | Joint Institute for Biological Sciences | ORNL
joint institute is located close to ORNL's Laboratory for Comparative and Functional Genomics, other biomolecular sciences research laboratories, and the Environmental Sciences...
Arcs statistics as a probe of galaxy evolution
Number counts and redshift distribution of gravitational arcs are computed in the field of massive clusters of galaxies to probe the universe at high redshift. Using an accurate modelling for the cluster mass distribution and a model for the spectrophotometric evolution of galaxies, the redshift distribution of gravitational arclets is computed in the field of cluster Abell 2218 and in the Hubble Deep Field where a cluster is artificially located. Counts are very well reproduced in the B band but an important population appears at high redshift which is not seen in deep spectroscopic surveys. Unfortunately, the very high sensitivity of the counts with respect to the model for galaxy evolution and to the mass distribution prevents from estimating the cosmological parameters with arcs statistics. Future works have to concentrate on high redshift clusters and take advantage of objects with smaller distortions.
J. Bezecourt
MAGENCO: A map generalization controller for Arc/Info
The Arc/Info GENERALIZE command implements the Douglas-Peucker algorithm, a well-regarded approach that preserves line ``character`` while reducing the number of points according to a tolerance parameter supplied by the user. The authors have developed an Arc Macro Language (AML) interface called MAGENCO that allows the user to browse workspaces, select a coverage, extract a sample from this coverage, then apply various tolerances to the sample. The results are shown in multiple display windows that are arranged around the original sample for quick visual comparison. The user may then return to the whole coverage and apply the chosen tolerance. They analyze the ergonomics of line simplification, explain the design (which includes an animated demonstration of the Douglas-Peucker algorithm), and discuss key points of the MAGENCO implementation.
Ganter, J.H.; Cashwell, J.W.
3D MPSoC Design Using 2D EDA tools: Analysis of Parameters M. H. Jabbar1,2
3D MPSoC Design Using 2D EDA tools: Analysis of Parameters M. H. Jabbar1,2 , A. M'zah2 , O. Hammami2 , D. Houzet1 1 GIPSA-Lab, Grenoble INP 2 ENSTA Paristech Abstract Design space exploration of 3D MPSoC architecture is reported in this paper analyzing the impact of 2D EDA tools to the 3D
Comparative Analysis of Carbon Plasma in Arc and RF Reactors
Results on studies of molecular spectra emitted in the initial stages of fullerene formation during the processing of graphite powder in induction RF reactor and evaporation of graphite electrodes in arc reactor are presented in this paper. It was found that C2 radicals were dominant molecular species in both plasmas. C2 radicals have an important role in the process of fullerene synthesis. The rotational-vibrational temperatures of C2 and CN species were calculated by fitting the experimental spectra to the simulated ones. The results of optical emission study of C2 radicals generated in carbon arc plasma have shown that rotational temperature of C2 species depends on carbon concentration and current intensity significantly. The optical emission study of induction RF plasma and SEM analysis of graphite powder before and after plasma treatment have shown that evaporation of the processed graphite powder depends on feed rate and composition of gas phase significantly. Based on the obtained results, it was concluded that in the plasma region CN radicals could be formed by the reaction of C2 species with atomic nitrogen at smaller loads. At larger feed rate of graphite powder, CN species were produced by surface reaction of the hot carbon particles with nitrogen atoms. The presence of nitrogen in induction RF plasma reduces the fullerene yield significantly. The fullerene yield obtained in two different reactors was: 13% in arc reactor and 4.1% in induction RF reactor. However, the fullerene production rate was higher in induction RF reactor-6.4 g/h versus 1.7 g/h in arc reactor.
Todorovic-Markovic, B.; Markovic, Z. ['Vinca' Institute of Nuclear Sciences, P.O.B. 522, 11001 Belgrade (Serbia and Montenegro); Mohai, I.; Szepvolgyi, J. [Research Laboratory of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Chemical Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H-1525 Budapest, POB 17 (Hungary)
1 EFFECT OF JOINT AUDITOR PAIR ON CONSERVATISM: EVIDENCE FROM IMPAIRMENT TESTS Gerald Lobo's (1997) measure of conservatism, are more likely to book impairments when operating performance is low requiring joint audit to improve audit quality. Mots clés : Co-commissariat Reconnaissance adéquate des
Joint Fuel Cell Bus Workshop Summary Report
Joint Fuel Cell Bus Workshop Summary Report Prepared for: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE/EERE) U was jointly sponsored by the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy office of the DOE and the Federal Transit the entire range of operating conditions and cycles · Cost (manufacturing, capital, operations
Data:3c48c2d7-7889-4d56-9e5e-a60dacc2d005 | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of48d9ff47edf3 Noc7e1a8ffef-15f046e6d97ebecdcfa-6fb6-40ac-bf5c-d48387b933279ef4875b8d56-9e5e-a60dacc2d005 No
A Glove Box Enclosed Gas-Tungsten Arc Welding System
This report describes an inert atmosphere enclosed gas-tungsten arc welding system which has been assembled in support of the MC2730, MC2730A and MC 3500 Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator (RTG) Enhanced Surveillance Program. One goal of this program is to fabricate welds with microstructures and impurity levels which are similar to production heat source welds previously produced at Los Alamos National Laboratory and the Mound Facility. These welds will subsequently be used for high temperature creep testing as part of the overall component lifetime assessment. In order to maximize the utility of the welding system, means for local control of the arc atmosphere have been incorporated and a wide range of welding environments can easily be evaluated. The gas-tungsten arc welding system used in the assembly is computer controlled, includes two-axis and rotary motion, and can be operated in either continuous or pulsed modes. The system can therefore be used for detailed research studies of welding impurity effects, development of prototype weld schedules, or to mimic a significant range of production-like welding conditions. Fixturing for fabrication of high temperature creep test samples have been designed and constructed, and weld schedules for grip-tab and test welds have been developed. The microstructure of these welds have been evaluated and are consistent with those used during RTG production.
Reevr, E, M; Robino, C.V.
Plasma arc melting of titanium-tantalum alloys
Los Alamos has several applications for high temperature, oxidation and liquid-metal corrosion resistant materials. Further, materials property constraints are dictated by a requirement to maintain low density; e.g., less than the density of stainless steel. Liquid metal compatibility and density requirements have driven the research toward the Ti-Ta system with an upper bound of 60 wt% Ta-40 wt% Ti. Initial melting of these materials was performed in a small button arc melter with several hundred grams of material; however, ingot quantities were soon needed. But, refractory metal alloys whose constituents possess very dissimilar densities, melting temperatures and vapor pressures pose significant difficulty and require specialized melting practices. The Ti-Ta alloys fall into this category with the density of tantalum 16.5 g/cc and that of titanium 4.5 g/cc. Melting is further complicated by the high melting point of Ta(3020 C) and the relatively low boiling point of Ti(3287 C). Previous electron beam melting experience with these materials resulted, in extensive vaporization of the titanium and poor chemical homogeneity. Vacuum arc remelting(VAR) was considered as a melting candidate and discarded due to density and vapor pressure issues associated with electron beam. Plasma arc melting offered the ability to supply a cover gas to deal with vapor pressure issues as well as solidification control to help with macrosegregation in the melt and has successfully produced high quality ingots of the Ti-Ta alloys.
Dunn, P.; Patterson, R.A. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States); Haun, R. [Retech, Inc., Ukiah, CA (United States)
2D electron temperature diagnostic using soft x-ray imaging technique
We have developed a two-dimensional (2D) electron temperature (T{sub e}) diagnostic system for thermal structure studies in a low-aspect-ratio reversed field pinch (RFP). The system consists of a soft x-ray (SXR) camera with two pin holes for two-kinds of absorber foils, combined with a high-speed camera. Two SXR images with almost the same viewing area are formed through different absorber foils on a single micro-channel plate (MCP). A 2D T{sub e} image can then be obtained by calculating the intensity ratio for each element of the images. We have succeeded in distinguishing T{sub e} image in quasi-single helicity (QSH) from that in multi-helicity (MH) RFP states, where the former is characterized by concentrated magnetic fluctuation spectrum and the latter, by broad spectrum of edge magnetic fluctuations.
Nishimura, K., E-mail: email@example.com; Sanpei, A., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Tanaka, H.; Ishii, G.; Kodera, R.; Ueba, R.; Himura, H.; Masamune, S. [Department of Electronics, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585 (Japan)] [Department of Electronics, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585 (Japan); Ohdachi, S.; Mizuguchi, N. [National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki 509-5292 (Japan)] [National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki 509-5292 (Japan)
2D and 3D simulations of damage in 5-grain copper gas gun samples
2D and 3D Hydrocode simulations were done of a gas gun damage experiment involving a 5 grain sample with a polycrystalline flyer with a velocity of about 140 m/s. The simulations were done with the Flag hydrocode and involved explicit meshing of the 5 grains with a single crystal plasticity model and a pressure based damage model. The calculated fields were compared with two cross sections from the recovered sample. The sample exhibited grain boundary cracks at high angle and tilt grain boundaries in the sample but not at a sigma 3 twin boundary. However, the calculation showed large gradients in stress and strain at only the twin boundary, contrary to expectation. This indicates that the twin boundary is quite strong to resist the predicted high gradients and that the calculation needs the addition of a grain boundary fracture mode. The 2D and 3D simulations were compared.
Tonks, Davis L [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Cerreta, Ellen K [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Dennis - Koller, Darcie [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Escobedo - Diaz, Juan P [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Trujillo, Carl P [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Luo, Shengian [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Bingert, John F [Los Alamos National Laboratory
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: The clustering of galaxy groups
We measure the clustering of galaxy groups in the 2dFGRS Percolation-Inferred Galaxy Group (2PIGG) catalogue. The 2PIGG sample has 29,000 groups with at least two members. The clustering amplitude of the full 2PIGG catalogue is weaker than that of 2dFGRS galaxies, in agreement with theoretical predictions. We have subdivided the 2PIGG catalogue into samples that span a factor of 25 in median total luminosity. Our correlation function measurements span an unprecedented range of clustering strengths, connecting the regimes probed by groups fainter than L* galaxies and rich clusters. There is a steady increase in clustering strength with group luminosity; the most luminous groups are ten times more strongly clustered than the full 2PIGG catalogue. We demonstrate that the 2PIGG results are in very good agreement with the clustering of groups expected in the LCDM model.
Nelson D. Padilla; C. M. Baugh; V. R. Eke; P. Norberg; S. Cole; C. S. Frenk; D. J. Croton; I. K. Baldry; J. Bland-Hawthorn; T. Bridges; R. Cannon; M. Colless; C. Collins; W. Couch; G. Dalton; R. De Propris; S. P. Driver; G. Efstathiou; R. S. Ellis; K. Glazebrook; C. Jackson; O. Lahav; I. Lewis; S. Lumsden; S. Maddox; D. Madgwick; J. A. Peacock; B. A. Peterson; W. Sutherland; K. Taylor.
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Wiener Reconstruction of the Cosmic Web
We reconstruct the underlying density field of the 2 degree Field Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) for the redshift range 0.0352dF power spectrum of fluctuations and the combination of matter density and bias parameters however the results are only slightly affected by changes to these parameters. We present maps of the density field in two different resolutions: 5 Mpc/h and 10 Mpc/h. We identify all major superclusters and voids in the survey. In particular, we find two large superclusters and two large local voids. A version of this paper with full set of colour maps can be found at http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/~pirin.
Pirin Erdogdu; Ofer Lahav; Saleem Zaroubi; George Efstathiou; Steve Moody; John A. Peacock; Matthew Colless; Ivan K. Baldry; Carlton M. Baugh; Joss Bland-Hawthorn; Terry Bridges; Russell Cannon; Shaun Cole; Chris Collins; Warrick Couch; Gavin Dalton; Roberto De Propris; Simon P. Driver; Richard S. Ellis; Carlos S. Frenk; Karl Glazebrook; Carole Jackson; Ian Lewis; Stuart Lumsden; Steve Maddox; Darren Madgwick; Peder Norberg; Bruce A. Peterson; Will Sutherland; Keith Taylor
GMC Collisions as Triggers of Star Formation. I. Parameter Space Exploration with 2D Simulations
We utilize magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations to develop a numerical model for GMC-GMC collisions between nearly magnetically critical clouds. The goal is to determine if, and under what circumstances, cloud collisions can cause pre-existing magnetically subcritical clumps to become supercritical and undergo gravitational collapse. We first develop and implement new photodissociation region (PDR) based heating and cooling functions that span the atomic to molecular transition, creating a multiphase ISM and allowing modeling of non-equilibrium temperature structures. Then in 2D and with ideal MHD, we explore a wide parameter space of magnetic field strength, magnetic field geometry, collision velocity, and impact parameter, and compare isolated versus colliding clouds. We find factors of ~2-3 increase in mean clump density from typical collisions, with strong dependence on collision velocity and magnetic field strength, but ultimately limited by flux-freezing in 2D geometries. For geometries enabling flow a...
Wu, Benjamin; Tan, Jonathan C; Bruderer, Simon
Fano-type coupling of a bound paramagnetic state with 2D continuum
We analyze an effect of a bound impurity state located at a tunnel distance from a quantum well (QW). The study is focused on the resonance case when the bound state energy lies within the continuum of the QW states. Using the developed theory we calculate spin polarization of 2D holes induced by paramagnetic (Mn) delta-layer in the vicinity of the QW and indirect exchange interaction between two impurities located at a tunnel distance from electron gas.
Rozhansky, I. V. [A.F. Ioffe Physical Technical Institute, 194021 St.Petersburg, Russia and Lappeenranta University of Technology, P.O. Box 20, FI-53851, Lappeenranta (Finland); Averkiev, N. S. [A.F. Ioffe Physical Technical Institute, 194021 St.Petersburg (Russian Federation); L�hderanta, E. [Lappeenranta University of Technology, P.O. Box 20, FI-53851, Lappeenranta (Finland)
A New Proof on Net Upscale Energy Cascade in 2D and QG Turbulence
A general proof that more energy flows upscale than downscale in two-dimensional (2D) turbulence and barotropic quasi-geostrophic (QG) turbulence is given. A proof is also given that in Surface QG turbulence, the reverse is true. Though some of these results are known in restricted cases, the proofs given here are pedagogically simpler, require fewer assumptions and apply to both forced and unforced cases.
Eleftherios Gkioulekas; Ka Kit Tung
Week 11 Notes, Math 8610, Tanveer 1. 2-D inviscid irrotional free boundary: Conformal
in the absence of a body force, but in the presence of surface tension. Note that 2-D water waves may write it as g ImZ. We now derive the kinematic boundary condition. Since the free boundary is given)] = tZ + dZ d t Hence from (1.12), we obtain the kinematic condition to be equivalent to (1.14) Re - t
Tanveer, Saleh
Ordered defect chains in the 2D anisotropic complex GinzburgLandau equation
instabilities [1, 2] and nonlinear optics [3] to chemical instabilities like the Belousov Zhabotinsky reaction + (1 + ib 2 )@ 2 y \\Gamma (1 + ic)jAj 2 ]A (1) in 2D, which will be the subject of this paper. Herewave solutions of the form A = F e i(qx+py\\Gamma!t) ; F 2 = 1 \\Gamma p 2 \\Gamma q 2 ; ! = c + (b 1 \\Gamma c)q 2
Faller, Roland
t s + t w m 2D Square Mesh with Wraparound
t s + t w m 2D Square Mesh with Wraparound: 3.5 All�to�All Personalized Communication 0 1 2 3 4 7 5 of the messages t s 3.5 All�to�All Personalized Communication the all�to�all broadcast on a hypercube 3.5 All�to�All Personalized Communication ( t s + � 1 2 t w ) mp ( p � 1 ) 3.5.2. Cut
Zhang, Jun
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 36, 119130, 2013 EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF 2-D
substrate. 2-D cells are made with 1.6 mm thick FR4 substrate on the bottom and glass plate on the top separated by thin glass spacers. Here the cell size is 11 cm �? 3 cm �? 0.1 mm. A 2.6 mm wide cathode techniques consisting of metallized foams have been recently used to fabricate regular fractals [13, 14
An Advanced Computational Scheme for the Optimization of 2D Radial Reflectors in Pressurized Water Reactors
This paper presents a computational scheme for the determination of equivalent 2D multi-group heterogeneous reflectors in a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR). The proposed strategy is to define a full-core calculation consistent with a reference lattice code calculation such as the Method Of Characteristics (MOC) as implemented in APOLLO2 lattice code. The computational scheme presented here relies on the data assimilation module known as "Assimilation de donn\\'{e}es et Aide \\`{a} l'Optimisation (ADAO)" of the SALOME platform developed at \\'{E}lectricit\\'{e} De France (EDF), coupled with the full-core code COCAGNE and with the lattice code APOLLO2. A first validation of the computational scheme is made using the OPTEX reflector model developed at \\'{E}cole Polytechnique de Montr\\'{e}al (EPM). As a result, we obtain 2D multi-group, spatially heterogeneous 2D reflectors, using both diffusion or $\\text{SP}_{\\text{N}}$ operators. We observe important improvements of the power discrepancies distribution over the cor...
Clerc, Thomas; Leroyer, Hadrien; Argaud, Jean-Philippe; Bouriquet, Bertrand; Pon�ot, Ag�lique
This paper presents a computational scheme for the determination of equivalent 2D multi-group heterogeneous reflectors in a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR). The proposed strategy is to define a full-core calculation consistent with a reference lattice code calculation such as the Method Of Characteristics (MOC) as implemented in APOLLO2 lattice code. The computational scheme presented here relies on the data assimilation module known as "Assimilation de donn\\'{e}es et Aide \\`{a} l'Optimisation (ADAO)" of the SALOME platform developed at \\'{E}lectricit\\'{e} De France (EDF), coupled with the full-core code COCAGNE and with the lattice code APOLLO2. A first validation of the computational scheme is made using the OPTEX reflector model developed at \\'{E}cole Polytechnique de Montr\\'{e}al (EPM). As a result, we obtain 2D multi-group, spatially heterogeneous 2D reflectors, using both diffusion or $\\text{SP}_{\\text{N}}$ operators. We observe important improvements of the power discrepancies distribution over the core when using reflectors computed with the proposed computational scheme, and the $\\text{SP}_{\\text{N}}$ operator enables additional improvements.
Thomas Clerc; Alain H�bert; Hadrien Leroyer; Jean-Philippe Argaud; Bertrand Bouriquet; Ag�lique Pon�ot
Sandia National Laboratories: New Report Describes Joint Opportunities...
Report Describes Joint Opportunities for Natural Gas and Hydrogen Fuel-Cell Vehicle Markets New Report Describes Joint Opportunities for Natural Gas and Hydrogen...
New Report Describes Joint Opportunities for Natural Gas and...
Energy Savers [EERE]
New Report Describes Joint Opportunities for Natural Gas and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle Markets New Report Describes Joint Opportunities for Natural Gas and Hydrogen Fuel Cell...
Fifth National Report for the Joint Convention on the Safety...
Fifth National Report for the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management Fifth National Report for the Joint Convention...
National Report Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel...
National Report Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management National Report Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent...
Joint inversion of electrical and seismic data for Fracture char...
Joint inversion of electrical and seismic data for Fracture char. and Imaging of Fluid Flow in Geothermal Systems Joint inversion of electrical and seismic data for Fracture char....
United States and Japan Sign Joint Nuclear Energy Action Plan...
Japan Sign Joint Nuclear Energy Action Plan to Promote Nuclear Energy Cooperation United States and Japan Sign Joint Nuclear Energy Action Plan to Promote Nuclear Energy...
acute prosthetic joint: Topics by E-print Network
In 1981,193 joint ventures with the par- ticipation of Japanese capital were operating in 47 nations 110 Joint Degrees & Promotion towards European Students Computer...
anatomical joint angles: Topics by E-print Network
atlanto-axial joint: Topics by E-print Network
In 1981,193 joint ventures with the par- ticipation of Japanese capital were operating in 47 nations 13 Joint Degrees & Promotion towards European Students Computer...
artificial joint replacements: Topics by E-print Network
In 1981,193 joint ventures with the par- ticipation of Japanese capital were operating in 47 nations 152 Joint Degrees & Promotion towards European Students Computer...
ankle joint mobility: Topics by E-print Network
In 1981,193 joint ventures with the par- ticipation of Japanese capital were operating in 47 nations 214 Joint Degrees & Promotion towards European Students Computer...
acromioclavicular joint reconstruction: Topics by E-print Network
In 1981,193 joint ventures with the par- ticipation of Japanese capital were operating in 47 nations 68 Joint Degrees & Promotion towards European Students Computer...
acromioclavicular joint: Topics by E-print Network
In 1981,193 joint ventures with the par- ticipation of Japanese capital were operating in 47 nations 14 Joint Degrees & Promotion towards European Students Computer...
animals jointly organized: Topics by E-print Network
In 1981,193 joint ventures with the par- ticipation of Japanese capital were operating in 47 nations 109 Joint Degrees & Promotion towards European Students Computer...
anticorrosive field joint: Topics by E-print Network
In 1981,193 joint ventures with the par- ticipation of Japanese capital were operating in 47 nations 48 Joint Degrees & Promotion towards European Students Computer...
ankle joint position: Topics by E-print Network
In 1981,193 joint ventures with the par- ticipation of Japanese capital were operating in 47 nations 205 Joint Degrees & Promotion towards European Students Computer...
articular process joints: Topics by E-print Network
In 1981,193 joint ventures with the par- ticipation of Japanese capital were operating in 47 nations 146 Joint Degrees & Promotion towards European Students Computer...
atlanto-occipital joint: Topics by E-print Network
In 1981,193 joint ventures with the par- ticipation of Japanese capital were operating in 47 nations 15 Joint Degrees & Promotion towards European Students Computer...
Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences | ornl.gov
Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences SHARE Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences JINS is located on Chestnut Ridge within the 80-acre SNS site, part of Oak Ridge National...
Joint Technical Operations Team | National Nuclear Security Administra...
Blog Home About Us Our Programs Emergency Response Responding to Emergencies Render Safe Joint Technical Operations Team Joint Technical Operations Team JTOT Logo...
Phosphine oxide derivatives as hosts for blue phosphors: A joint...
oxide derivatives as hosts for blue phosphors: A joint theoretical and experimental study of their electronic Phosphine oxide derivatives as hosts for blue phosphors: A joint...
application driven joint: Topics by E-print Network
This applica- tion is particularly challenging due to its demand for multiple concurrent media Smith, Jonathan M. 60 JOINT SEMINAR FINAL REPORT Mathematics Websites Summary: JOINT...
Sealed joint structure for electrochemical device
Several members make up a joint in a high-temperature electrochemical device, wherein the various members perform different functions. The joint is useful for joining multiple cells (generally tubular modules) of an electrochemical device to produce a multi-cell segment-in-series stack for a solid oxide fuel cell, for instance. The joint includes sections that bond the joining members to each other; one or more seal sections that provide gas-tightness, and sections providing electrical connection and/or electrical insulation between the various joining members. A suitable joint configuration for an electrochemical device has a metal joint housing, a first porous electrode, a second porous electrode, separated from the first porous electrode by a solid electrolyte, and an insulating member disposed between the metal joint housing and the electrolyte and second electrode. One or more brazes structurally and electrically connects the first electrode to the metal joint housing and forms a gas tight seal between the first electrode and the second electrode.
Tucker, Michael C; Jacobson, Craig P; De Jonghe, Lutgard C; Visco, Steven J
CC2D2A Is Mutated in Joubert Syndrome and Interacts with the Ciliopathy-Associated
ARTICLE CC2D2A Is Mutated in Joubert Syndrome and Interacts with the Ciliopathy-Associated Basal syndrome and related disorders (JSRD) are primarily autosomal-recessive conditions characterized-hybrid and GST pull- down experiments. A nonsense mutation in the zebrafish CC2D2A ortholog (sentinel) results
Rubel, Edwin
Approaches to Quantum Gravity, Clermont-Ferrand, Jan. 6, 2014 Fractal dimensions of 2d quantum gravity
Approaches to Quantum Gravity, Clermont-Ferrand, Jan. 6, 2014 Fractal dimensions of 2d quantum gravity Timothy Budd Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen. firstname.lastname@example.com, http://www.nbi.dk/~budd/ #12;Outline Introduction to 2d gravity Fractal dimensions Hausdorff dimension dh "Teichm¨uller deformation dimension" d
Sart, Remi
Finger length ratio (2D:4D) and sex differences in aggression during a simulated war game
Finger length ratio (2D:4D) and sex differences in aggression during a simulated war game Matthew H), and unprovoked attack during a simulated war game (n = 176). We also investigated whether 2D:4D mediated; Narcissism, social dominance orientation; Stress; Self-esteem; Aggression; War 0191-8869/$ - see front matter
Cosmides, Leda
Accelerated Short-TE 3D Proton Echo-Planar Spectroscopic Imaging Using 2D-SENSE with
Accelerated Short-TE 3D Proton Echo-Planar Spectroscopic Imaging Using 2D-SENSE with a 32-Channel times and 2D acceleration with a large array coil is expected to provide high acceleration capability using a 32-channel array coil can be accelerated 8-fold (R 4 2) along y-z to achieve a minimum
35 Cal. 3d 197, *; 673 P.2d 660, **; 197 Cal. Rptr. 783, ***; 1983 Cal. LEXIS 266
Page 1 35 Cal. 3d 197, *; 673 P.2d 660, **; 197 Cal. Rptr. 783, ***; 1983 Cal. LEXIS 266 Note., Defendants and Respondents L.A. No. 31603 Supreme Court of California 35 Cal. 3d 197; 673 P.2d 660; 197 Cal OFFICIAL REPORTS HEADNOTES Classified to California Digest of Official Reports, 3d Series #12;Page 2 35 Cal
Kammen, Daniel M.
ccsd-00005538,version2-12Nov2005 Observation of Phase Defects in Quasi-2D Bose-Einstein Condensates
ccsd-00005538,version2-12Nov2005 Observation of Phase Defects in Quasi-2D Bose-Einstein Condensates in quasi-2D Bose-Einstein condensates close to the condensation temperature. Either a single or several equally spaced condensates are produced by selectively evaporating the sites of a 1D optical lattice. When
Note and calculations concerning elastic dilatancy in 2D glassglass liquid foams Francois Molino, Pierre Rognon, and Cyprien Gay #
Note and calculations concerning elastic dilatancy in 2D glassglass liquid foams Fran�?�cois Molino: October 30, 2010) When deformed, liquid foams tend to raise their liquid contents like immersed granular dilatancy in 3D foams and in very dry foams squeezed between two solid plates (2D GG foams). Here, we
A generalized 2D pencil beam scaling algorithm for proton dose calculation in heterogeneous slab geometries
Purpose: Pencil beam algorithms are commonly used for proton therapy dose calculations. Szymanowski and Oelfke ['Two-dimensional pencil beam scaling: An improved proton dose algorithm for heterogeneous media,' Phys. Med. Biol. 47, 3313-3330 (2002)] developed a two-dimensional (2D) scaling algorithm which accurately models the radial pencil beam width as a function of depth in heterogeneous slab geometries using a scaled expression for the radial kernel width in water as a function of depth and kinetic energy. However, an assumption made in the derivation of the technique limits its range of validity to cases where the input expression for the radial kernel width in water is derived from a local scattering power model. The goal of this work is to derive a generalized form of 2D pencil beam scaling that is independent of the scattering power model and appropriate for use with any expression for the radial kernel width in water as a function of depth. Methods: Using Fermi-Eyges transport theory, the authors derive an expression for the radial pencil beam width in heterogeneous slab geometries which is independent of the proton scattering power and related quantities. The authors then perform test calculations in homogeneous and heterogeneous slab phantoms using both the original 2D scaling model and the new model with expressions for the radial kernel width in water computed from both local and nonlocal scattering power models, as well as a nonlocal parameterization of Moliere scattering theory. In addition to kernel width calculations, dose calculations are also performed for a narrow Gaussian proton beam. Results: Pencil beam width calculations indicate that both 2D scaling formalisms perform well when the radial kernel width in water is derived from a local scattering power model. Computing the radial kernel width from a nonlocal scattering model results in the local 2D scaling formula under-predicting the pencil beam width by as much as 1.4 mm (21%) at the depth of the Bragg peak for a 220 MeV proton beam in homogeneous water. This translates into a 32% dose discrepancy for a 5 mm Gaussian proton beam. Similar trends were observed for calculations made in heterogeneous slab phantoms where it was also noted that errors tend to increase with greater beam penetration. The generalized 2D scaling model performs well in all situations, with a maximum dose error of 0.3% at the Bragg peak in a heterogeneous phantom containing 3 cm of hard bone. Conclusions: The authors have derived a generalized form of 2D pencil beam scaling which is independent of the proton scattering power model and robust to the functional form of the radial kernel width in water used for the calculations. Sample calculations made with this model show excellent agreement with expected values in both homogeneous water and heterogeneous phantoms.
Westerly, David C. [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045 (United States); Mo Xiaohu; DeLuca, Paul M. Jr. [Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705 (United States); Tome, Wolfgang A. [Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705 and Institute of Onco-Physics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10461 (United States); Mackie, Thomas R. [Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705 and Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53792 (United States)
Inspection of Fusion Joints in Plastic Pipe
The standard method of joining plastic pipe in the field is the butt fusion process. As in any pipeline application, joint quality greatly affects overall operational safety of the system. Currently no simple, reliable, cost-effective method exists for assessing the quality of fusion joints in the field. Visual examination and pressure testing are current nondestructive approaches, which do not provide any assurance about the long-term pipeline performance. This project developed, demonstrated, and validated an in-situ nondestructive inspection method for butt fusion joints in gas distribution plastic pipelines. The inspection system includes a laser-based image-recognition system that automatically generates and interprets digital images of pipe joints and assigns them a pass/fail rating, which eliminates operator bias in evaluating joint quality. An EWI-patented process, the Weld Zone Inspection Method (WZIM) was developed in which local heat is applied to the joint region to relax the residual stresses formed by the original joining operation, which reveals the surface condition of the joint. In cases where the joint is not formed under optimal conditions, and the intermolecular forces between contacting surfaces are not strong enough, the relaxation of macromolecules in the surface layer causes the material to pull back, revealing a fusion line. If the joint is sound, the bond line image does not develop. To establish initial feasibility of the approach, welds were performed under standard and nonstandard conditions. These welds were subjected to the WZIM and two destructive forms of testing: short-term tensile testing and long-term creep rupture testing. There appears to be a direct correlation between the WZIM and the destructive testing results. Although WZIM appears to be more sensitive than destructive testing can verify, the approach appears valid.
Connie Reichert
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc furnace dust Sample Search Results
Collection: Renewable Energy 2 The Effec' of Furnace Design and Operation on Air Pollution Summary: chemical constituents in furnace gases arc very malodorous, or toxic, when...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc furnace steel Sample Search Results
TID electric arc furnaces for MSW ash are ... Source: Columbia University - Waste-to-Energy Research and Technology Council (WTERT) Collection: Renewable Energy Page: << < 1 2...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc deposition technology Sample Search...
role in the Summary: deposition 2 and filtered cathodic vacuum arc 3.such as optical window coatings, scratch resistive... by different types of vapor deposition...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc welded aisi Sample Search Results
pass arc welds... WELDING RESEARCH -s55WELDING JOURNAL ABSTRACT. Dissimilar metal weld (DMW) failures between carbon... along the weld interface and the formation of locally high...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc swedish section Sample Search Results
arc swedish section Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Brita Bergman (born 303 1946) CURRICULUM VITAE 2011 Sign Language Section, Department of Linguistics Abridged version Summary:...
ARCS FOUNDATION GLOBAL IMPACT AWARD Global Health, Public Good and Graduate Education Case Foundation Awards Luncheon in Atlanta on November 20, 2014. #12;Application Materials: 1) A letter
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc discharge method Sample Search Results
Engineering ; Materials Science 22 Time displacement for a wall-stabilized electric arc in a transverse magnetic field. Summary: -Barrado 7). The simplest method of...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc lamp heal Sample Search Results
particularly... sources and mechanical wafer transport; or electrical lamps, either incandescent or arc, with programmed... in lamp FIG. 1. Temperature sensor signal vs time for...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc plasma furnace Sample Search Results
PLASMA PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING Summary: replace costly traditional technologies as incineration and conventional plasma arc furnaces, and provide... ASSOCIATED LABORATORY ON...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arcs ii application Sample Search Results
Geosciences 2 FLORIDA ATLANTIC UNIVERSITY 2009-2010 TRANSFER STUDENT MANUAL COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, URBAN AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS Summary: PREREQUISITE COURSES ARC x301...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc welded gas Sample Search Results
was welded by gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW or TIG) technique using... .5%, and reduction ... Source: Zhou, Wei - School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc hardfacing process Sample Search Results
to produce an output... Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. Adaptive voltage control of gas tungsten arc welding Reginald Crawford,* George E... -mail: email@example.com...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc welding dynamic Sample Search Results
a system IO board; arc sensor interface board for weld seam tracking... inverter power source renders possible ... Source: Ang Jr.,, Marcelo H. - Department of Mechanical...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arc weld-surfacing process Sample Search...
Program Summary: including arc processes, laser, electron beam, and friction stir welding. Surface modification of alloys... areas: Alloy Design, Production and Processing ...
Safety Monitor Joint Working Group (JWG) Tour
the Joint Working Group of the U.S.-Japan Coordinating Committee of Fusion Energy on Safety in Inter-Institutional Collaborations (U.S.-Japan Safety Monitoring Program) Meeting...
Joint Actinide Shock Physics Experimental Research - JASPER
Commonly known as JASPER the Joint Actinide Shock Physics Experimental Research facility is a two stage light gas gun used to study the behavior of plutonium and other materials under high pressures, temperatures, and strain rates.
OXFORD UNIVERSITY JOINT COMMITTEE FOR MATHEMATICS AND PHILOSOPHY October 2014 Programme: for Mathematics, Statistics and Operational Research, and for Philosophy. http · to provide, within the supportive and stimulating environment of the collegiate university, a course
Dynamic Ball & Socket Joint Force Simulator
The stability of an implant in the bone, one factor in joint replacement survival, is usually tested using biaxial fatigue loading. These loading protocols do not replicate physiological loading conditions. The Dynamic ...
Farmer, Ryan Neal
ARCS - Access Rate Control System - Energy Innovation Portal
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsrucLasDeliveredPNGExperience4AJ01) (See95TI07)Operations2AP-XPSAPS50 -Issue 60ARCS - Access Rate
ArcSafe® with Pulsed Arrested Spark Discharge
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsruc DocumentationP-Series to someone by E-mailRadioimmunotherapy EA15PC3041-3-0withArcSafe® with
Statistics of Voids in the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey
We present a statistical analysis of voids in the 2dF galaxy redshift survey (2dFGRS). In order to detect the voids, we have developed two robust algorithms. We define voids as non-overlapping maximal spheres empty of halos or galaxies with mass or luminosity above a given one. We search for voids in cosmological $N$-Body simulations to test the performance of our void finders. We obtain and analyze the void statistics for several volume-limited samples for the North Galactic Strip (NGP) and the South Galactic Strip (SGP) constructed from the 2dFGRS full data release. We find that the results obtained from the NGP and the SGP are statistically compatible. From the results of several statistical tests we conclude that voids are essentially uncorrelated, with at most a mild anticorrelation and that there is a dependence of the void number density on redshift at least at the 99.5% confidence level. We develop a technique to correct the distortion caused by the fact that we use the redshift as the radial coordinate. We calibrate this technique with mock catalogues and find that the correction might be of some relevance to carry out accurate inferences from void statistics. We study the statistics of the galaxies inside nine nearby voids. We find that galaxies in voids are not randomly distributed: they form structures like filaments. We also obtain the galaxy number density profile in voids. This profile follow a similar but steeper trend to that follow by halos in voids.
Santiago G. Patiri; Juan Betancort-Rijo; Francisco Prada; Anatoly Klypin; Stefan Gottl�ber
2-D Coda and Direct Wave Attenuation Tomography in Northern Italy
A 1-D coda method was proposed by Mayeda et al. (2003) in order to obtain stable seismic source moment-rate spectra using narrowband coda envelope measurements. That study took advantage of the averaging nature of coda waves to derive stable amplitude measurements taking into account all propagation, site, and Sto-coda transfer function effects. Recently this methodology was applied to micro earthquake data sets from three sub-regions of northern Italy (i.e., western Alps, northern Apennines and eastern Alps). Since the study regions were small, ranging between local-to-near-regional distances, the simple 1-D path assumptions used in the coda method worked very well. The lateral complexity of this region would suggest, however, that a 2-D path correction might provide even better results if the datasets were combined, especially when paths traverse larger distances and complicated regions. The structural heterogeneity of northern Italy makes the region ideal to test the extent to which coda variance can be reduced further by using a 2-D Q tomography technique. The approach we use has been developed by Phillips et al. (2005) and is an extension of previous amplitude ratio techniques to remove source effects from the inversion. The method requires some assumptions such as isotropic source radiation which is generally true for coda waves. Our results are compared against direct Swave inversions for 1/Q and results from both share very similar attenuation features that coincide with known geologic structures. We compare our results with those derived from direct waves as well as some recent results from northern California obtained by Mayeda et al. (2005) which tested the same tomographic methodology applied in this study to invert for 1/Q. We find that 2-D coda path corrections for this region significantly improve upon the 1-D corrections, in contrast to California where only a marginal improvement was observed. We attribute this difference to stronger lateral variations in Q for northern Italy relative to California.
Morasca, P; Mayeda, K; Gok, R; Phillips, W S; Malagnini, L
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Galaxy luminosity functions per spectral type
We calculate the optical bj luminosity function of the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) for different subsets defined by their spectral properties. These spectrally selected subsets are defined using a new parameter, eta, which is a linear combination of the first two projections derived from a Principal Component Analysis. This parameter eta identifies the average emission and absorption line strength in the galaxy rest-frame spectrum and hence is a useful indicator of the present star formation. We use a total of 75,000 galaxies in our calculations, chosen from a sample of high signal-to-noise ratio, low redshift galaxies observed before January 2001. We find that there is a systematic steepening of the faint end slope (alpha) as one moves from passive (alpha = -0.54) to active (alpha = -1.50) star-forming galaxies, and that there is also a corresponding faintening of the rest-frame characteristic magnitude M* - 5\\log_10(h) (from -19.6 to -19.2). We also show that the Schechter function provides a poor fit to the quiescent (Type 1) LF for very faint galaxies (M - 5log_10(h) fainter than -16.0), perhaps suggesting the presence of a significant dwarf population. The luminosity functions presented here give a precise confirmation of the trends seen previously in a much smaller preliminary 2dFGRS sample, and in other surveys. We also present a new procedure for determining self-consistent K-corrections and investigate possible fibre-aperture biases.
D. S. Madgwick; O. Lahav; I. K. Baldry; C. M. Baugh; J. Bland-Hawthorn; T. Bridges; R. Cannon; S. Cole; M. Colless; C. Collins; W. Couch; G. Dalton; R. De Propris; S. P. Driver; G. Efstathiou; R. S. Ellis; C. S. Frenk; K. Glazebrook; C. Jackson; I. Lewis; S. Lumsden; S. Maddox; P. Norberg; J. A. Peacock; B. A. Peterson; W. Sutherland; K. Taylor
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: the local E+A galaxy population
We select a sample of low-redshift (z ~ 0.1) E+A galaxies from the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS). The spectra of these objects are defined by strong hydrogen Balmer absorption lines (H-delta, H-gamma, H-beta) combined with a lack of [OII] 3727A emission, together implying a recently-truncated burst of star formation. The E+A spectrum is thus a signpost to galaxies in the process of evolution. We quantify the local environments, clustering properties and luminosity function of the E+A galaxies. We find that the environments are consistent with the ensemble of 2dFGRS galaxies: low-redshift E+A systems are located predominantly in the field, existing as isolated objects or in poor groups. However, the luminosity distribution of galaxies selected using three Balmer absorption lines H-delta-gamma-beta appears more typical of ellipticals. Indeed, morphologically these galaxies are preferentially spheroidal (E/S0) systems. In a small but significant number we find evidence for recent major mergers, such as tidal tails. We infer that major mergers are one important formation mechanism for E+A galaxies, as suggested by previous studies. At low redshift the merger probability is high in the field and low in clusters, thus these recently-formed spheroidal systems do not follow the usual morphology-density relation for ellipticals. Regarding the selection of E+A galaxies: we find that basing the Balmer-line criterion solely on H-delta absorption leads to a significant sub-population of disk systems with detectable H-alpha emission. In these objects the [OII] emission is presumably either obscured by dust or present with a low signal-to-noise ratio, whilst the (H-gamma, H-beta) absorption features are subject to emission-filling.
Chris Blake; Michael Pracy; Warrick Couch; Kenji Bekki; Ian Lewis; Karl Glazebrook; Ivan Baldry; Carlton Baugh; Joss Bland-Hawthorn; Terry Bridges; Russell Cannon; Shaun Cole; Matthew Colless; Chris Collins; Gavin Dalton; Roberto De Propris; Simon Driver; George Efstathiou; Richard Ellis; Carlos Frenk; Carole Jackson; Ofer Lahav; Stuart Lumsden; Steve Maddox; Darren Madgwick; Peder Norberg; John Peacock; Bruce Peterson; Will Sutherland; Keith Taylor
The dynamic response of a jointed beam was measured in laboratory experiments. The data were analyzed and the system was mathematically modeled to establish plausible representations of joint damping behavior. Damping is examined in an approximate, local linear framework using log decrement and half power bandwidth approaches. in addition, damping is modeled in a nonlinear framework using a hybrid surface irregularities model that employs a bristles-construct. Experimental and analytical results are presented.
2D Schr�dinger Equation with Mixed Potential in Noncommutaive Complex space
We obtain exact solutions of the 2D Schr\\"odinger equation for Hydrogen atom with the lenear and Harmonic Potentials in noncommutative complex space, using the Power-series expansion method. Hence we can say that the Schr\\"odinger equation in noncommutative complex space describes to the particles with spin (1/2)in an external uniform magnitic field. Where the noncommutativity play the role of magnetic field with created the total magnetic moment of particle with spin 1/2, who in turn shifted the spectrum of energy. Such effects are similar to the Zeeman splitting in a commutative space.
Slimane Zaim; Hakim Guelmamene; Abdelkader Bahache
On scattering of slow particles by a 'weak' 2D potential
The problem of elastic scattering of low-energy particles by a 'weak' 2D potential U without an axial symmetry is considered. The expression for the scattering amplitude is found in this approximation, and it is shown that at U < 0 it has a pole at the energy E{sub 0} of the corresponding weakly bound state. An explicit expression in terms of the potential U is derived for the factor refining the known order-of-magnitude estimate for E{sub 0}.
Balagurov, B. Ya., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Russian Academy of Sciences, Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics (Russian Federation)
Multipacting Simulation Study for 56 MHz Quarter Wave Resonator using 2D Code
A beam excited 56 MHz Radio Frequency (RF) Niobium Quarter Wave Resonator (QWR) has been proposed to enhance RHIC beam luminosity and bunching. Being a RF cavity, multipacting is expected; therefore an extensive study was carried out with the Multipac 2.1 2D simulation code. The study revealed that multipacting occurs in various bands up to peak surface electric field 50 kV/m and is concentrated mostly above the beam gap and on the outer conductor. To suppress multipacting, a ripple structure was introduced to the outer conductor and the phenomenon was successfully eliminated from the cavity.
Naik,D.; Ben-Zvi, I.
Determining finite volume elements for the 2D Navier-Stokes equations
We consider the 2D Navier-Stokes equations on a square with periodic boundary conditions. Dividing the square into N equal subsquares, we show that if the asymptotic behavior of the average of solutions on these subsquares (finite volume elements) is known, then the large time behavior of the solution itself is completely determined, provided N is large enough. We also establish a rigorous upper bound for N needed to determine the solutions to the Navier-Stokes equation in terms of the physical parameters of the problem. 34 refs.
Jones, D.A. (California Univ., Irvine, CA (United States). Dept. of Mathematics); Titi, E.S. (California Univ., Irvine, CA (United States). Dept. of Mathematics Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Mathematical Sciences Inst.)
Weak localization of dilute 2D electrons in undoped GaAs heterostructures.
The temperature dependence of the resistivity and magnetoresistance of dilute 2D electrons are reported. The temperature dependence of the resistivity can be qualitatively described through phonon and ionized impurity scattering. While the temperature dependence indicates no ln(T) increase in the resistance, a sharp negative magnetoresistance feature is observed at small magnetic fields. This is shown to arise from weak localization. At very low density, we believe weak localization is still present, but cannot separate it from other effects that cause magnetoresistance in the semi-classical regime.
Seamons, John Andrew; Lilly, Michael Patrick; Reno, John Louis; Bielejec, Edward Salvador
The Y(4140), X(4260), psi(2D), psi(4S) and tentative psi(3D)
Data on B+ --> J/psi phi K+ and the Y(4140) enhancement recently reported by the CDF collaboration [arxiv:0903.2229] are analysed. The threshold behaviour, as well as traces of the X(4260) enhancement, the known c-cbar resonances psi(2D), psi(4S), and a tentative psi(3D) state, as observed in the mass distribution, suggest that the J/psi+phi system has quantum numbers JPC=1--. It is then argued that the Y(4140) enhancement does not represent any kind of resonance, but instead is a natural consequence of the opening of the J/psi+phi channel.
Eef van Beveren; George Rupp
Interference pattern of Bose-condensed gas in a 2D optical lattice
For the Bose-condensed gas confined in a magnetic trap and in a two-dimensional optical lattice, the non-uniform distribution of atoms in different lattice sites is considered based on Gross-Pitaevskii equation. A propagator method is used to investigate the time evolution of 2D interference patterns after (i)only the optical lattice is swithed off, and (ii)both the optical lattice and the magnetic trap are swithed off. An analytical description on the motion of side peaks in the interference patterns is presented by using the density distribution in a momentum space.
Shujuan Liu; Hongwei Xiong; Zhijun Xu; Guoxiang Huang
A new model for two-dimensional numerical simulation of pseudo-2D gas-solids fluidized beds
Pseudo-two dimensional (pseudo-2D) fluidized beds, for which the thickness of the system is much smaller than the other two dimensions, is widely used to perform fundamental studies on bubble behavior, solids mixing, or clustering phenomenon in different gas-solids fluidization systems. The abundant data from such experimental systems are very useful for numerical model development and validation. However, it has been reported that two-dimensional (2D) computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations of pseudo-2D gas-solids fluidized beds usually predict poor quantitative agreement with the experimental data, especially for the solids velocity field. In this paper, a new model is proposed to improve the 2D numerical simulations of pseudo-2D gas-solids fluidized beds by properly accounting for the frictional effect of the front and back walls. Two previously reported pseudo-2D experimental systems were simulated with this model. Compared to the traditional 2D simulations, significant improvements in the numerical predictions have been observed and the predicted results are in better agreement with the available experimental data.
Li, Tingwen; Zhang, Yongmin
Rifting of the Izu-Bonin arc in the Quaternary and Mid-Oligocene
Eruption of middle Eocene-lower Oligocene boninites and island arc tholeiites created the 200 km wide Izu-Bonin arc massif following the initiation of subduction {approximately}50 Ma. Mid-Oligocene rifting formed a 40-70 km wide forearc basin between the Eocene outer-arc high and the Eo-Oligocene arc (now the frontal arc high), with maximum extension at the latitudes of the Bonin Ridge and Trough. The Oligocene forearc basin was rapidly (100-300 m/m.y.) filled with turbidite and debris flow deposits produced by concurrent volcanism and erosion of the surrounding highs. Contemporaneous stretching in the backarc region produced dominantly east-dipping, NNE-trending, normal faults and culminated in backarc spreading in the Shikoku basin (25-15 Ma), isolating the Palau-Kyushu remnant arc. The forearc and remnant arc sediments record a dearth of volcanogenic input between 23 and 17 Ma; evidence that an arc volcanic minimum accompanied backarc spreading. The middle Miocene to Recent volcanic front formed 0(S)-50(N) km west of the Oligocene arc and has loaded and flexed the forearc. Further west, chains of submarine volcanoes erupted along the extension of Shikoku basin fracture zones. Basaltic sills were emplaced in the forearc. Explosive volcanism from rhyolitic calderas has increased dramatically since the late Pliocene, especially in the last 0.2 Ma. Since {approximately}2 Ma the arc has been stretched again, producing rapidly subsiding (300-2,250 m/m.y.) graben, immediately west of the volcanic front, which are segmented along strike by oblique transfer zones. The Sumisu Rift is partially filled with (<1.5 Ma) volcaniclastic turbidites and hemipelagic sediments and is intruded by backarc basin basalts. About 1 km of syn-rift uplift of the arc margin footwall has produced an unconformity, beneath surficial pumice, that extends back to pumiceous sediments >2.35 Ma.
Taylor, B. (Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu (USA))
JointResearchCentre THE WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE
Commission *Directorate General Environment **Joint Research Centre #12;Evolvement of the EU Water.for operational methods and other supporting tools. ll Joint efforts and activities by all involved partiesJointJointResearchCentre THE WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE: THE CHALLENGES OF TESTING AND VALIDATION
Thermal Treatment of Solid Wastes Using the Electric Arc Furnace
A thermal waste treatment facility has been developed at the Albany Research Center (ARC) over the past seven years to process a wide range of heterogeneous mixed wastes, on a scale of 227 to 907 kg/h (500 to 2,000 lb/h). The current system includes a continuous feed system, a 3-phase AC, 0.8 MW graphite electrode arc furnace, and a dedicated air pollution control system (APCS) which includes a close-coupled thermal oxidizer, spray cooler, baghouse, and wet scrubber. The versatility of the complete system has been demonstrated during 5 continuous melting campaigns, ranging from 11 to 25 mt (12 to 28 st) of treated wastes per campaign, which were conducted on waste materials such as (a) municipal incinerator ash, (b) simulated low-level radioactive, high combustible-bearing mixed wastes, (c) simulated low-level radioactive liquid tank wastes, (d) heavy metal contaminated soils, and (e) organic-contaminated dredging spoils. In all cases, the glass or slag products readily passed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Toxicity Characteristic Leachability Program (TCLP) test. Additional studies are currently under way on electric utility wastes, steel and aluminum industry wastes, as well as zinc smelter residues. Thermal treatment of these solid waste streams is intended to produce a metallic product along with nonhazardous glass or slag products.
O'Connor, W.K.; Turner, P.C.
Neutral beam dump with cathodic arc titanium gettering
An incomplete neutral beam capture can degrade the plasma performance in neutral beam driven plasma machines. The beam dumps mitigating the shine-through beam recycling must entrap and retain large particle loads while maintaining the beam-exposed surfaces clean of the residual impurities. The cathodic arc gettering, which provides high evaporation rate coupled with a fast time response, is a powerful and versatile technique for depositing clean getter films in vacuum. A compact neutral beam dump utilizing the titanium arc gettering was developed for a field-reversed configuration plasma sustained by 1 MW, 20-40 keV neutral hydrogen beams. The titanium evaporator features a new improved design. The beam dump is capable of handling large pulsed gas loads, has a high sorption capacity, and is robust and reliable. With the beam particle flux density of 5 x 10{sup 17} H/(cm{sup 2}s) sustained for 3-10 ms, the beam recycling coefficient, defined as twice the ratio of the hydrogen molecular flux leaving the beam dump to the incident flux of high-energy neutral atoms, is {approx}0.7. The use of the beam dump allows us to significantly reduce the recycling of the shine-through neutral beam as well as to improve the vacuum conditions in the machine.
Smirnov, A.; Korepanov, S. A.; Putvinski, S. [Tri Alpha Energy Inc., Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688 (United States); Krivenko, A. S.; Murakhtin, S. V.; Savkin, V. Ya. [Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russian Federation)
Advanced Resin Cleaning System (ARCS) at Grand Gulf Nuclear Station
Steam generation system in-core components can undergo serious material degradation by a variety of corrosion-related phenomena. These phenomena are largely controlled by boiler water (i.e. reactor water) chemistry which is strongly impacted by the performance of the condensate system mixed bed ion exchange units. In Boiling Water Reactors (BWR), the mixed bed ion exchange units not only provide protection from ionic contaminants, but also remove insoluble corrosion products by filtration/adsorption. These insoluble corrosion products removed by the ion exchange units must then be periodically cleaned from the resin bed by some process external to the BWR primary water loop. A unique resin cleaning process called the {open_quotes}Advanced Resin Cleaning System{close_quotes} (ARCS) was developed in the late 1980`s by members of CENTEC-XXI, located in Santa Clara, CA. This system, which has been successfully operated for several years at a Pressurized Water Reactor is highly efficient for removal of both insoluble corrosion products and anion/cation resin fines, and generates significantly less waste water than other cleaning methods. The ARCS was considered the most attractive method for meeting the demanding and costly resin cleaning needs of a BWR. A {open_quotes}Tailored Collaboration{close_quotes} project was initiated between EPRI, Entergy Operations (Grand Gulf Station), and CENTEC-XXI to demonstrate the {open_quotes}Advanced Resin Cleaning System{close_quotes} in a BWR.
Asay, R.H.; Earls, J.E.; Naughton, M.D. [Centec 21, Inc., Santa Clara, CA (United States)
Waste form development for a DC arc furnace
A laboratory crucible study was conducted to develop waste forms to treat nonradioactive simulated {sup 238}Pu heterogeneous debris waste from Savannah River, metal waste from the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL), and nominal waste also from INEL using DC arc melting. The preliminary results showed that the different waste form compositions had vastly different responses for each processing effect. The reducing condition of DC arc melting had no significant effects on the durability of some waste forms while it decreased the waste form durability from 300 to 700% for other waste forms, which resulted in the failure of some TCLP tests. The right formulations of waste can benefit from devitrification and showed an increase in durability by 40%. Some formulations showed no devitrification effects while others decreased durability by 200%. Increased waste loading also affected waste form behavior, decreasing durability for one waste, increasing durability by 240% for another, and showing no effect for the third waste. All of these responses to the processing and composition variations were dictated by the fundamental glass chemistry and can be adjusted to achieve maximal waste loading, acceptable durability, and desired processing characteristics if each waste formulation is designed for the result according to the glass chemistry.
Feng, X.; Bloomer, P.E.; Chantaraprachoom, N.; Gong, M.; Lamar, D.A.
Liquid scintillator for 2D dosimetry for high-energy photon beams
Complex radiation therapy techniques require dosimetric verification of treatment planning and delivery. The authors investigated a liquid scintillator (LS) system for application for real-time high-energy photon beam dosimetry. The system was comprised of a transparent acrylic tank filled with liquid scintillating material, an opaque outer tank, and a CCD camera. A series of images was acquired when the tank with liquid scintillator was irradiated with a 6 MV photon beam, and the light data measured with the CCD camera were filtered to correct for scattering of the optical light inside the liquid scintillator. Depth-dose and lateral profiles as well as two-dimensional (2D) dose distributions were found to agree with results from the treatment planning system. Further, the corrected light output was found to be linear with dose, dose rate independent, and is robust for single or multiple acquisitions. The short time needed for image acquisition and processing could make this system ideal for fast verification of the beam characteristics of the treatment machine. This new detector system shows a potential usefulness of the LS for 2D QA.
Poenisch, Falk; Archambault, Louis; Briere, Tina Marie; Sahoo, Narayan; Mohan, Radhe; Beddar, Sam; Gillin, Michael T. [Department of Radiation Physics, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard., Unit 94, Houston, Texas 77030 (United States)
A Cut-Cell Approach for 2D Cartesian Meshes that Preserves Orthogonal Grid Sweep Ordering
In this paper, we present a cut-cell methodology for solving the two-dimensional neutral-particle transport equation on an orthogonal Cartesian grid. We allow the rectangular cell to be subdivided into two polygonal subcells. We ensure that this division (or cut) conserves the volumes of the materials in the subcells and we utilize a step-characteristics (SC) slice balance approach (SBA) to calculate the angular fluxes exiting the cell as well as the average scalar fluxes in each subcell. Solving the discrete ordinates transport equation on an arbitrary mesh has historically been difficult to parallelize while maintaining good parallel efficiency. However on Cartesian meshes, the KBA algorithm maintains good parallel efficiency using a direct solve. The ability to preserve this algorithm was a driving factor in the development of our cut-cell method. This method also provides a more accurate depiction of a material interface in a cell, which leads to more accurate solutions downstream of this cell. As a result, fewer spatial cells can be utilized, resulting in reduced memory requirements. We apply this approach in the 2D/3D discrete ordinates neutral-particle transport code Denovo, where we analyze a 2D 3 x 3 lattice of pincells. We show that, for eigenvalue problems, a significant increase in accuracy for a given mesh size is gained by utilizing the cut-cell, SC equations instead of the standard homogenized-cell, SC equations.
Jarrell, Joshua J [ORNL] [ORNL; Grove, Robert E [ORNL] [ORNL; Evans, Thomas M [ORNL] [ORNL
A New 2D-Transport, 1D-Diffusion Approximation of the Boltzmann Transport equation
The work performed in this project consisted of the derivation, implementation, and testing of a new, computationally advantageous approximation to the 3D Boltz- mann transport equation. The solution of the Boltzmann equation is the neutron flux in nuclear reactor cores and shields, but solving this equation is difficult and costly. The new �2D/1D� approximation takes advantage of a special geometric feature of typical 3D reactors to approximate the neutron transport physics in a specific (ax- ial) direction, but not in the other two (radial) directions. The resulting equation is much less expensive to solve computationally, and its solutions are expected to be sufficiently accurate for many practical problems. In this project we formulated the new equation, discretized it using standard methods, developed a stable itera- tion scheme for solving the equation, implemented the new numerical scheme in the MPACT code, and tested the method on several realistic problems. All the hoped- for features of this new approximation were seen. For large, difficult problems, the resulting 2D/1D solution is highly accurate, and is calculated about 100 times faster than a 3D discrete ordinates simulation.
Larsen, Edward
X-CSIT: a toolkit for simulating 2D pixel detectors
A new, modular toolkit for creating simulations of 2D X-ray pixel detectors, X-CSIT (X-ray Camera SImulation Toolkit), is being developed. The toolkit uses three sequential simulations of detector processes which model photon interactions, electron charge cloud spreading with a high charge density plasma model and common electronic components used in detector readout. In addition, because of the wide variety in pixel detector design, X-CSIT has been designed as a modular platform so that existing functions can be modified or additional functionality added if the specific design of a detector demands it. X-CSIT will be used to create simulations of the detectors at the European XFEL, including three bespoke 2D detectors: the Adaptive Gain Integrating Pixel Detector (AGIPD), Large Pixel Detector (LPD) and DePFET Sensor with Signal Compression (DSSC). These simulations will be used by the detector group at the European XFEL for detector characterisation and calibration. For this purpose, X-CSIT has been integrat...
Joy, Ashley; Hauf, Steffen; Kuster, Markus; R�ter, Tonn
Electric Field Enhancement in a Self-Assembled 2D Array of Silver Nanospheres
We investigate the plasmonic properties of a self-assembled 2D array of Ag nanospheres (average particle diameter/inter-particle separation distance of ~9/~4 nm). The structures of the individual particles and their assemblies are characterized using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The plasmonic response of the nanoparticle network is probed using two-photon photoemission electron microscopy (TP-PEEM). HR-TEM and TP-PEEM statistics reveal the structure and plasmonic response of the network to be homogeneous on average. This translates into a relatively uniform surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) response from biphenyl,4-4�-dithiol (BPDT) molecules adsorbed onto different sites of the network. Bright and background free SERS spectra are recorded, assigned on the basis of density 2 functional theory calculations in which BPDT is chemisorbed onto the vertex of a finitie tetrahedral Ag cluster consisting of 20 Ag atoms. A remarkable agreement between experiment and theory allows us to rigorously account for the observable vibrational states of BPDT in the ~200-2200 cm-1 region of the spectrum. Finite difference time domain simulations further reveal that physical enhancement factors on the order of 106 are attainable at the nanogaps formed between the silver nanospheres in the 2D array. Combined with modest chemical enhancement factors, this study paves the way for reproducible single molecule signals from an easily self-assembled SERS substrate.
El-Khoury, Patrick Z.; Khon, Elena; Gong, Yu; Joly, Alan G.; Abellan, Patricia; Evans, James E.; Browning, Nigel D.; Hu, Dehong; Zamkov, Mikhail; Hess, Wayne P.
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: A targeted study of catalogued clusters of galaxies
We have carried out a study of known clusters within the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) observed areas and have identified 431 Abell, 173 APM and 343 EDCC clusters. Precise redshifts, velocity dispersions and new centroids have been measured for the majority of these objects, and this information has been used to study the completeness of these catalogues, the level of contamination from foreground and background structures along the cluster's line of sight, the space density of the clusters as a function of redshift, and their velocity dispersion distributions. We find that the Abell and EDCC catalogues are contaminated at the level of about 10%, whereas the APM catalogue suffers only 5% contamination. If we use the original catalog centroids, the level of contamination rises to approximately 15% for the Abell and EDCC catalogues, showing that the presence of foreground and background groups may alter the richness of clusters in these catalogues. There is a deficiency of clusters at $z \\sim 0.05$ that may correspond to a large underdensity in the Southern hemisphere. From the cumulative distribution of velocity dispersions for these clusters, we derive an upper limit to the space density of $\\sigma > 1000 \\kms$ clusters of $3.6 \\times 10^{-6} \\hdens$. This result is used to constrain models for structure formation; our data favour low-density cosmologies, subject to the usual assumptions concerning the shape and normalization of the power spectrum.
Roberto De Propris; Warrick Couch; Matthew Colless; Gavin Dalton; Chris Collins; Carlton Baugh; Joss-Bland-Hawthorn; Terry Bridges; Russell Cannon; Shaun Cole; Nicholas Cross; Kathryn Deeley; Simon Driver; George Efstathiou; Richard Ellis; Carlos Frenk; Kark Glazebrook; Carole Jackson; ofer Lahav; Ian Lewis; Stuart Lumsden; Steve Maddox; Darren Madgwick; Stephen Moody; Peder Norberg; John Peacock; Will Percival; Bruce Peterson; Will Sutherland; Keith Taylor
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Hierarchical galaxy clustering
We use the two-degree field Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) to test the hierarchical scaling hypothesis: namely, that the $p$-point galaxy correlation functions can be written in terms of the two point correlation function or variance. This scaling is expected if an initially Gaussian distribution of density fluctuations evolves under the action of gravitational instability. We measure the volume averaged $p$-point correlation functions using a counts in cells technique applied to a volume limited sample of 44,931 $L_*$ galaxies. We demonstrate that $L_{*}$ galaxies display hierarchical clustering up to order $p=6$ in redshift space. The variance measured for $L_{*}$ galaxies is in excellent agreement with the predictions from a $\\Lambda$-cold dark matter N-body simulation. This applies to all cell radii considered, $0.3<(R/h^{-1}{\\rm Mpc})<30$. However, the higher order correlation functions of $L_*$ galaxies have a significantly smaller amplitude than is predicted for the dark matter for $R<10h^{-1}$Mpc. This disagreement implies that a non-linear bias exists between the dark matter and $L_*$ galaxies on these scales. We also show that the presence of two rare, massive superclusters in the 2dFGRS has an impact on the higher-order clustering moments measured on large scales.
C. M. Baugh; D. J. Croton; E. Gaztanaga; P. Norberg; M. Colless; I. K. Baldry; J. Bland-Hawthorn; T. Bridges; R. Cannon; S. Cole; C. Collins; W. Couch; G. Dalton; R. De Propris; S. P. Driver; G. Efstathiou; R. S. Ellis; C. S. Frenk; K. Glazebrook; C. Jackson; O. Lahav; I. Lewis; S. Lumsden; S. Maddox; D. Madgwick; J. A. Peacock; B. A. Peterson; W. Sutherland; K. Taylor
Assimilation of Ultramafic Rock in Subduction-Related Magmatic Arcs Author(s): Peter B. Kelemen
Assimilation of Ultramafic Rock in Subduction-Related Magmatic Arcs Author(s): Peter B. Kelemen Source: The Journal of Geology, Vol. 94, No. 6 (Nov., 1986), pp. 829-843 Published by: The University. http://www.jstor.org #12;ASSIMILATION OF ULTRAMAFIC ROCK IN SUBDUCTION-RELATED MAGMATIC ARCS1 PETER B
Direct Modeling of Material Deposit and Identification of Energy Transfer in Gas Metal Arc Welding
Direct Modeling of Material Deposit and Identification of Energy Transfer in Gas Metal Arc Welding sources for finite element simulation of gas metal arc welding (GMAW). Design for the modeling of metal deposition results in a direct calculation of the formation of the weld bead, without any
A COUPLED APPROACH FOR THE MODELLING OF ARC WELDING Christel Pequet1
A COUPLED APPROACH FOR THE MODELLING OF ARC WELDING PROCESSES Christel Pequet1 , Patrice Lasne1 ; email : firstname.lastname@example.com Keywords: welding, finite elements, thermal arising in arc welding as well as their interaction: heat input, metal deposit, solidification, phase
~DELING OF METAL TRANSFKR IN GAS METAL ARC WELDING Yong -Seog Kim and T. W. Eagar
) ) ) ~DELING OF METAL TRANSFKR IN GAS METAL ARC WELDING Yong -Seog Kim and T. W. Eagar theory and the pinch i ns t a bility theor y as a function of welding cur rent . Experimental of the gas metal arc process in the late 1940s, it has become one of the most important welding processes
Oxygen and Nitroaen Contamination During Submerged Arc Wel ding of Titanium
) ) ) ··- -~ Oxygen and Nitroaen Contamination During Submerged Arc Wel ding of Titanium T· \\v· Eagar* The oxygen content of ti tanium submerged arc wel ~ metal is primaril y derendent uron the purity of the fluo1~ ide fluxes, but it is shown here that the oxygen content of the weld metal may be affected
Spatial and time-dependent distribution of plasma parameters in the metal-halide arc lamp.
Spatial and time-dependent distribution of plasma parameters in the metal-halide arc lamp. A. Khakhaev, L. Luizova, K. Ekimov and A. Soloviev Petrozavodsk State University, Russia The metal-halide arc lamp is an effective light source and its investigation has a long history, but even at present some
Memory-influencing intra-basolateral amygdala drug infusions modulate expression of Arc
Memory-influencing intra-basolateral amygdala drug infusions modulate expression of Arc protein processes. Infusions of the -adrenoreceptor agonist, clen- buterol, into the BLA immediately after training increased Arc protein levels in the dorsal hippocampus. Additionally, posttraining intra-BLA infusions
O'Toole, Alice J.
Qualification of the Joints for the ITER Central Solenoid
The ITER Central Solenoid has 36 interpancake joints, 12 bus joints, and 12 feeder joints in the magnet. The joints are required to have resistance below 4 nOhm at 45 kA at 4.5 K. The US ITER Project Office developed two different types of interpancake joints with some variations in details in order to find a better design, qualify the joints, and establish a fabrication process. We built and tested four samples of the sintered joints and two samples with butt-bonded joints (a total of eight joints). Both designs met the specifications. Results of the joint development, test results, and selection of the baseline design are presented and discussed in the paper. The ITER Central Solenoid (CS) consists of six modules. Each module is composed of six wound hexapancakes and one quadrapancake. The multipancakes are connected electrically and hydraulically by in-line interpancake joints. The joints are located at the outside diameter (OD) of the module. Cable in conduit conductor (CICC) high-current joints are critical elements in the CICC magnets. In addition to low resistivity, the CS joints must fit a space envelope equivalent to the regular conductor cross section and must have low hydraulic impedance and enough structural strength to withstand the hoop and compressive forces during operation, including cycling. This paper is the continuation of the work reported on the intermodule joints.
Martovetsky, N; Berryhill, A; Kenney, S
Abstract--This tutorial session covers recent developments in methods that utilize 2-D and 3-D imagery
imagery (e.g., from LADAR, visual, FLIR, acoustic-location) to enable aerial vehicles to autonomously covers methods that utilize 2-D and 3-D imagery (e.g., from LADAR, visual, FLIR, acoustic
Johnson, Eric N.
Development of models for the two-dimensional, two-fluid code for sodium boiling NATOF-2D
Several features were incorporated into NATOF-2D, a twodimensional, two fluid code developed at M.I.T. for the purpose of analysis of sodium boiling transients under LMFBR conditions. They include improved interfacial mass, ...
Zielinski, R. G.
ARC Meeting: 12/9/2012 Present: Pushpa, Ed, Malvika, Meng Shuen, Julia, Matt Voss, Sandhya, Connor, VLS, Adam,
(academic vs. research vs. other electives)? Connor: Want to find out across major Pushpa: ARC would like
Low, Steven H.
Development of the Robotic Touch foot Sensor for 2D walking Robot, for Studying Rough Terrain Locomotion
Development of the Robotic Touch foot Sensor for 2D walking Robot, for Studying Rough Terrain Locomotion By HUNWOO LEE Submitted to the graduate degree program in Mechanical Engineering and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas... ________________________________ Professor Robert Umholtz Date Defended: June 5, 2012 ii The Thesis Committee for HUNWOO LEE certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis: Development of the Robotic Touch Foot Sensor for 2D Walking Robot...
Lee, Hunwoo
4D tumor centroid tracking using orthogonal 2D dynamic MRI: Implications for radiotherapy planning
Purpose: Current pretreatment, 4D imaging techniques are suboptimal in that they sample breathing motion over a very limited �snapshot� in time. Heretofore, long-duration, 4D motion characterization for radiotherapy planning, margin optimization, and validation have been impractical for safety reasons, requiring invasive markers imaged under x-ray fluoroscopy. To characterize 3D tumor motion and associated variability over durations more consistent with treatments, the authors have developed a practical dynamic MRI (dMRI) technique employing two orthogonal planes acquired in a continuous, interleaved fashion.Methods: 2D balanced steady-state free precession MRI was acquired continuously over 9�14 min at approximately 4 Hz in three healthy volunteers using a commercial 1.5 T system; alternating orthogonal imaging planes (sagittal, coronal, sagittal, etc.) were employed. The 2D in-plane pixel resolution was 2 � 2 mm{sup 2} with a 5 mm slice profile. Simultaneous with image acquisition, the authors monitored a 1D surrogate respiratory signal using a device available with the MRI system. 2D template matching-based anatomic feature registration, or tracking, was performed independently in each orientation. 4D feature tracking at the raw frame rate was derived using spline interpolation.Results: Tracking vascular features in the lung for two volunteers and pancreatic features in one volunteer, the authors have successfully demonstrated this method. Registration error, defined here as the difference between the sagittal and coronal tracking result in the SI direction, ranged from 0.7 to 1.6 mm (1?) which was less than the acquired image resolution. Although the healthy volunteers were instructed to relax and breathe normally, significantly variable respiration was observed. To demonstrate potential applications of this technique, the authors subsequently explored the intrafraction stability of hypothetical tumoral internal target volumes and 3D spatial probability distribution functions. The surrogate respiratory information allowed the authors to show how this technique can be used to study correlations between internal and external (surrogate) information over these prolonged durations. However, compared against the gold standard of the time stamps in the dMRI frames, the temporal synchronization of the surrogate 1D respiratory information was shown to be likely unreliable.Conclusions: The authors have established viability of a novel and practical pretreatment, 4D tumor centroid tracking method employing a commercially available dynamic MRI sequence. Further developments from the vendor are likely needed to provide a reliably synchronized surrogate 1D respiratory signal, which will likely broaden the utility of this method in the pretreatment radiotherapy planning context.
Tryggestad, Erik [Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231 and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905 (United States)] [Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231 and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905 (United States); Flammang, Aaron; Shea, Steven M. [Center for Applied Medical Imaging, Siemens Corporation, Corporate Technology, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 (United States)] [Center for Applied Medical Imaging, Siemens Corporation, Corporate Technology, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 (United States); Hales, Russell; Herman, Joseph; Lee, Junghoon; McNutt, Todd; Roland, Teboh; Wong, John [Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231 (United States)] [Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231 (United States)
Handbook on dynamics of jointed structures.
The problem of understanding and modeling the complicated physics underlying the action and response of the interfaces in typical structures under dynamic loading conditions has occupied researchers for many decades. This handbook presents an integrated approach to the goal of dynamic modeling of typical jointed structures, beginning with a mathematical assessment of experimental or simulation data, development of constitutive models to account for load histories to deformation, establishment of kinematic models coupling to the continuum models, and application of finite element analysis leading to dynamic structural simulation. In addition, formulations are discussed to mitigate the very short simulation time steps that appear to be required in numerical simulation for problems such as this. This handbook satisfies the commitment to DOE that Sandia will develop the technical content and write a Joints Handbook. The content will include: (1) Methods for characterizing the nonlinear stiffness and energy dissipation for typical joints used in mechanical systems and components. (2) The methodology will include practical guidance on experiments, and reduced order models that can be used to characterize joint behavior. (3) Examples for typical bolted and screw joints will be provided.
Ames, Nicoli M.; Lauffer, James P.; Jew, Michael D.; Segalman, Daniel Joseph; Gregory, Danny Lynn; Starr, Michael James; Resor, Brian Ray
METAL TRANSFER CONTROL IN GAS METAL ARC WELDING L.A. Jones, T.W. Eagar, J.H. Lang
METAL TRANSFER CONTROL IN GAS METAL ARC WELDING L.A. Jones, T.W. Eagar, J.H. Lang Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA 02139 USA Abstract Power input to the arc in gas metal arc welding to decouple these processes. Methods to achieve this decoupling are discussed. Pulsed-power welding is widely
On a 2D hydro-mechanical lattice approach for modelling hydraulic fracture
A 2D lattice approach to describe hydraulic fracturing is presented. The interaction of fluid pressure and mechanical response is described by Biot's theory. The lattice model is applied to the analysis of a thick-walled cylinder, for which an analytical solution for the elastic response is derived. The numerical results obtained with the lattice model agree well with the analytical solution. Furthermore, the coupled lattice approach is applied to the fracture analysis of the thick-walled cylinder. It is shown that the proposed lattice approach provides results that are independent of the mesh size. Moreover, a strong geometrical size effect on nominal strength is observed which lies between analytically derived lower and upper bounds. This size effect decreases with increasing Biot's coefficient.
Grassl, Peter; Gallipoli, Domenico; Wheeler, Simon J
Direct control of the small-scale energy balance in 2D fluid dynamics
We explore the direct modification of the pseudo-spectral truncation of 2D, incompressible fluid dynamics to maintain a prescribed kinetic energy spectrum. The method provides a means of simulating fluid states with defined spectral properties, for the purpose of matching simulation statistics to given information, arising from observations, theoretical prediction or high fidelity simulation. In the scheme outlined here, Nos\\'e-Hoover thermostats, commonly used in molecular dynamics, are introduced as feedback controls applied to energy shells of the Fourier-discretized Navier-Stokes equations. As we demonstrate in numerical experiments, the dynamical properties (quantified using autocorrelation functions) are only modestly perturbed by our device, while ensemble dispersion is significantly enhanced in comparison with simulations of a corresponding truncation incorporating hyperviscosity.
Frank, Jason; Myerscough, Keith
2D and 3D Core-Collapse Supernovae Simulation Results Obtained with the CHIMERA Code
Much progress in realistic modeling of core-collapse supernovae has occurred recently through the availability of multi-teraflop machines and the increasing sophistication of supernova codes. These improvements are enabling simulations with enough realism that the explosion mechanism, long a mystery, may soon be delineated. We briefly describe the CHIMERA code, a supernova code we have developed to simulate core-collapse supernovae in 1, 2, and 3 spatial dimensions. We then describe the results of an ongoing suite of 2D simulations initiated from a 12, 15, 20, and 25 solar mass progenitor. These have all exhibited explosions and are currently in the expanding phase with the shock at between 5,000 and 20,000 km. We also briefly describe an ongoing simulation in 3 spatial dimensions initiated from the 15 solar mass progenitor.
Bruenn, S W; Hix, W R; Blondin, J M; Marronetti, P; Messer, O E B; Dirk, C J; Yoshida, S
2D massless QED Hall half-integer conductivity and graphene
Starting from the photon self-energy tensor in a magnetized medium, the 3D complete antisymmetric form of the conductivity tensor is found in the static limit of a fermion system $C$ non-invariant under fermion-antifermion exchange. The massless relativistic 2D fermion limit in QED is derived by using the compactification along the dimension parallel to the magnetic field. In the static limit and at zero temperature the main features of quantum Hall effect (QHE) are obtained: the half-integer QHE and the minimum value proportional to $e^2/h$ for the Hall conductivity . For typical values of graphene the plateaus of the Hall conductivity are also reproduced.
A. P�rez Mart�nez; E. Rodriguez Querts; H. P�rez Rojas; R. Gaitan; S. Rodriguez Romo
Holographic Entanglement Entropy in 2D Holographic Superconductor via $AdS_3/CFT_2$
The aim of the present letter is to find the holographic entanglement entropy (HEE) in 2D holographic superconductors (HSC). Indeed, it possible to compute the exact form of this entropy due to a advantage of approximate solutions inside normal and superconducting phases with backreactions. By making the UV and IR limits applied to the integrals, an approximate expression is obtained. In case the software cannot calculate minimal surface integrals analytically it offers the possibility to proceed with a numerical evaluation of the corresponding terms. We'll understand how the area formula incorporates the structure of the domain wall approximation. We conclude that the wider belt angle corresponds to a larger surface holographic surface. We see that HEE changes linearly with belt angle.
Momeni, Davood; Raza, Muhammad; Myrzakulov, Ratbay
Davood Momeni; Hossein Gholizade; Muhammad Raza; Ratbay Myrzakulov
Observation of Rashba zero-field spin splitting in a strained germanium 2D hole gas
We report the observation, through Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in the magnetoresistance, of spin splitting caused by the Rashba spin-orbit interaction in a strained Ge quantum well epitaxially grown on a standard Si(001) substrate. The Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations display a beating pattern due to the spin split Landau levels. The spin-orbit parameter and Rashba spin-splitting energy are found to be 1.0?�?10{sup ?28?}?eVm{sup 3} and 1.4?meV, respectively. This energy is comparable to 2D electron gases in III-V semiconductors, but substantially larger than in Si, and illustrates the suitability of Ge for modulated hole spin transport devices.
Morrison, C., E-mail: email@example.com; Rhead, S. D.; Foronda, J.; Leadley, D. R.; Myronov, M. [Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL (United Kingdom); Wi?niewski, P. [Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw (Poland)
Micrometer-Thin Crystalline-Silicon Solar Cells Integrating Numerically Optimized 2-D Photonic Crystals
A 2-D photonic crystal was integrated experimentally into a thin-film crystalline-silicon solar cell of 1-{\\mu}m thickness, after numerical optimization maximizing light absorption in the active material. The photonic crystal boosted the short-circuit current of the cell, but it also damaged its open-circuit voltage and fill factor, which led to an overall decrease in performances. Comparisons between modeled and actual optical behaviors of the cell, and between ideal and actual morphologies, show the global robustness of the nanostructure to experimental deviations, but its particular sensitivity to the conformality of the top coatings and the spread in pattern dimensions, which should not be neglected in the optical model. As for the electrical behavior, the measured internal quantum efficiency shows the strong parasitic absorptions from the transparent conductive oxide and from the back-reflector, as well as the negative impact of the nanopattern on surface passivation. Our exemplifying case, thus, illustr...
Depauw, V; Daif, O El; Gomard, G; Lalouat, L; Drouard, E; Trompoukis, C; Fave, A; Seassal, C; Gordon, I
Evidence for 2D Solitary Sound Waves in a Lipid Controlled Interface and its Biological Implications
Biological membranes by virtue of their elastic properties should be capable of propagating localized perturbations analogous to sound waves. However, the existence and the possible role of such waves in communication in biology remains unexplored. Here we report the first observations of 2D solitary elastic pulses in lipid interfaces, excited mechanically and detected by FRET. We demonstrate that the nonlinearity near a maximum in the susceptibility of the lipid monolayer results in solitary pulses that also have a threshold for excitation. These experiments clearly demonstrate that the state of the interface regulates the propagation of pulses both qualitatively and quantitatively. We elaborate on the striking similarity of the observed phenomenon to nerve pulse propagation and a thermodynamic basis of cell signaling in general.
Shamit Shrivastava; Matthias F. Schneider
Neutrino masses and the number of neutrino species from WMAP and 2dFGRS
We have performed a thorough analysis of the constraints which can be put on neutrino parameters from cosmological observations, most notably those from the WMAP satellite and the 2dF galaxy survey. For this data we find an upper limit on the sum of active neutrino mass eigenstates of \\sum m_nu neutrinoless double beta decay reported by the Heidelberg-Moscow experiment. In terms of the relativistic energy density in neutrinos or other weakly interacting species we find, in units of the equivalent number of neutrino species, N_nu, that N_nu = 4.0+3.0-2.1 (95% conf.). When BBN constraints are added, the bound on N_\
Steen Hannestad
A 2-D Implicit, Energy and Charge Conserving Particle In Cell Method
Recently, a fully implicit electrostatic 1D charge- and energy-conserving particle-in-cell algorithm was proposed and implemented by Chen et al ([2],[3]). Central to the algorithm is an advanced particle pusher. Particles are moved using an energy conserving scheme and are forced to stop at cell faces to conserve charge. Moreover, a time estimator is used to control errors in momentum. Here we implement and extend this advanced particle pusher to include 2D and electromagnetic fields. Derivations of all modifications made are presented in full. Special consideration is taken to ensure easy coupling into the implicit moment based method proposed by Taitano et al [19]. Focus is then given to optimizing the presented particle pusher on emerging architectures. Two multicore implementations, and one GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) implementation are discussed and analyzed.
McPherson, Allen L. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Knoll, Dana A. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Cieren, Emmanuel B. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Feltman, Nicolas [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Leibs, Christopher A. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; McCarthy, Colleen [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Murthy, Karthik S. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Wang, Yijie [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Controlling the Spontaneous Emission Rate of Single Quantum Dots in a 2D Photonic Crystal
We observe large spontaneous emission rate modification of individual InAs Quantum Dots (QDs) in 2D a photonic crystal with a modified, high-Q single defect cavity. Compared to QDs in bulk semiconductor, QDs that are resonant with the cavity show an emission rate increase by up to a factor of 8. In contrast, off-resonant QDs indicate up to five-fold rate quenching as the local density of optical states (LDOS) is diminished in the photonic crystal. In both cases we demonstrate photon antibunching, showing that the structure represents an on-demand single photon source with pulse duration from 210 ps to 8 ns. We explain the suppression of QD emission rate using Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulations and find good agreement with experiment.
Dirk Englund; David Fattal; Edo Waks; Glenn Solomon; Bingyang Zhang; Toshihiro Nakaoka; Yasuhiko Arakawa; Yoshihisa Yamamoto; Jelena Vuckovic
Superclusters of galaxies from the 2dF redshift survey. 2. Comparison with simulations
We investigate properties of superclusters of galaxies found on the basis of the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey, and compare them with properties of superclusters from the Millennium Simulation.We study the dependence of various characteristics of superclusters on their distance from the observer, on their total luminosity, and on their multiplicity. The multiplicity is defined by the number of Density Field (DF) clusters in superclusters. Using the multiplicity we divide superclusters into four richness classes: poor, medium, rich and extremely rich.We show that superclusters are asymmetrical and have multi-branching filamentary structure, with the degree of asymmetry and filamentarity being higher for the more luminous and richer superclusters. The comparison of real superclusters with Millennium superclusters shows that most properties of simulated superclusters agree very well with real data, the main differences being in the luminosity and multiplicity distributions.
Einasto, Jaan; Einasto, M.; Saar, E.; Tago, E.; Liivamagi, L.J.; Joeveer, M.J; Suhhonenko, I.; Hutsi, G.; /Tartu Observ.; Jaaniste, J.; /Estonian U.; Heinamaki, P.; /Tuorla; Muller, V.; Knebe, A.; /Potsdam, Astrophys. Inst.; Tucker, D.; /Fermilab
Determining Transition State Geometries in Liquids Using 2D-IR
Many properties of chemical reactions are determined by the transition state connecting reactant and product, yet it is difficult to directly obtain any information about these short-lived structures in liquids. We show that two-dimensional infrared (2D-IR) spectroscopy can provide direct information about transition states by tracking the transformation of vibrational modes as a molecule crossed a transition state. We successfully monitored a simple chemical reaction, the fluxional rearrangement of Fe(CO)5, in which the exchange of axial and equatorial CO ligands causes an exchange of vibrational energy between the normal modes of the molecule. This energy transfer provides direct evidence regarding the time scale, transition state, and mechanism of the reaction.
Harris, Charles; Cahoon, James F.; Sawyer, Karma R.; Schlegel, Jacob P.; Harris, Charles B.
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Luminosity dependence of galaxy clustering
We investigate the dependence of the strength of galaxy clustering on intrinsic luminosity using the Anglo-Australian two degree field galaxy redshift survey (2dFGRS). The 2dFGRS is over an order of magnitude larger than previous redshift surveys used to address this issue. We measure the projected two-point correlation function of galaxies in a series of volume-limited samples. The projected correlation function is free from any distortion of the clustering pattern induced by peculiar motions and is well described by a power-law in pair separation over the range 0.1 < r /h Mpc < 10. The clustering of L* galaxies in real space is well fit by a correlation length r0 = 4.9 +/- 0.3 /h Mpc and power-law slope gamma = 1.71 +/- 0.06. The clustering amplitude increases slowly with absolute magnitude for galaxies fainter than M*, but rises more strongly at higher luminosities. At low luminosities, our results agree with measurements from the SSRS2 by Benoist et al. However, we find a weaker dependence of clustering strength on luminosity at the highest luminosities. The correlation function amplitude increases by a factor of 4.0 between $M_{b_{J}} -5\\log_{10}h = -18$ and -22.5, and the most luminous galaxies are 3.0 times more strongly clustered than L* galaxies. The power-law slope of the correlation function shows remarkably little variation for samples spanning a factor of 20 in luminosity. Our measurements are in very good agreement with the predictions of the hierarchical galaxy formation models of Benson et al.
P. Norberg; C. M. Baugh; E. Hawkins; S. Maddox; J. A. Peacock; S. Cole; C. S. Frenk; J. Bland-Hawthorn; T. Bridges; R. Cannon; M. Colless; C. Collins; W. Couch; G. Dalton; S. P. Driver; G. Efstathiou; R. S. Ellis; K. Glazebrook; C. Jackson; O. Lahav; I. Lewis; S. Lumsden; B. A. Peterson; W. Sutherland; K. Taylor; the 2dFGRS Team
Processing electric arc furnace dust into saleable chemical products
The modern steel industry uses electric arc furnace (EAF) technology to manufacture steel. A major drawback of this technology is the production of EAF dust, which is listed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as a hazardous waste under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. The annual disposal of approximately 0.65 million tons of EAF dust in the United States and Canada is an expensive, unresolved problem for the steel industry. EAF dust byproducts are generated during the manufacturing process by a variety of mechanisms. The dust consists of various metals (e.g., zinc, lead, cadmium) that occur as vapors at 1,600{degrees}C (EAF hearth temperature); these vapors are condensed and collected in a baghouse. The production of one ton of steel will generate approximately 25 pounds of EAF dust as a byproduct, which is currently disposed of in landfills.
Method of operating a centrifugal plasma arc furnace
A centrifugal plasma arc furnace is used to vitrify contaminated soils and other waste materials. An assessment of the characteristics of the waste is performed prior to introducing the waste into the furnace. Based on the assessment, a predetermined amount of iron is added to each batch of waste. The waste is melted in an oxidizing atmosphere into a slag. The added iron is oxidized into Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4. Time of exposure to oxygen is controlled so that the iron does not oxidize into Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3. Slag in the furnace remains relatively non-viscous and consequently it pours out of the furnace readily. Cooled and solidified slag produced by the furnace is very resistant to groundwater leaching. The slag can be safely buried in the earth without fear of contaminating groundwater.
Kujawa, Stephan T. (Butte, MT); Battleson, Daniel M. (Butte, MT); Rademacher, Jr., Edward L. (Butte, MT); Cashell, Patrick V. (Butte, MT); Filius, Krag D. (Butte, MT); Flannery, Philip A. (Ramsey, MT); Whitworth, Clarence G. (Butte, MT)
A centrifugal plasma arc furnace is used to vitrify contaminated soils and other waste materials. An assessment of the characteristics of the waste is performed prior to introducing the waste into the furnace. Based on the assessment, a predetermined amount of iron is added to each batch of waste. The waste is melted in an oxidizing atmosphere into a slag. The added iron is oxidized into Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}. Time of exposure to oxygen is controlled so that the iron does not oxidize into Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3}. Slag in the furnace remains relatively non-viscous and consequently it pours out of the furnace readily. Cooled and solidified slag produced by the furnace is very resistant to groundwater leaching. The slag can be safely buried in the earth without fear of contaminating groundwater. 3 figs.
Kujawa, S.T.; Battleson, D.M.; Rademacher, E.L. Jr.; Cashell, P.V.; Filius, K.D.; Flannery, P.A.; Whitworth, C.G.
Static Heat Loads in the LHC Arc Cryostats: Final Assessment
This note presents the final assessment of the static heat loads in the LHC arc cryostats, using different experimental methods during the first commissioning period in 2007. This assessment further develops and completes previous estimates made during the commissioning of sector 7_8 [1]. The estimate of the helium inventory, a prerequisite for the heat load calculation, is also presented. Heat loads to the cold mass are evaluated from the internal energy balance during natural as well as powered warm-ups of the helium baths in different subsector. The helium inventory is calculated from the internal energy balance during powered warm-ups and matched with previous assessments. Furthermore, heat loads to the thermal shield are estimated from the non-isothermal cooling of the supercritical helium in line E. The comparison of measured heat loads with previous estimates and with budgeted values is then presented, while their correlation with some important parameters like insulation vacuum pressure and some heat ...
Parma, V
Joint measurability, steering and entropic uncertainty
The notion of incompatibility of measurements in quantum theory is in stark contrast with the corresponding classical perspective, where all physical observables are jointly measurable. It is of interest to examine if the results of two or more measurements in the quantum scenario can be perceived from a classical point of view or they still exhibit non-classical features. Clearly, commuting observables can be measured jointly using projective measurements and their statistical outcomes can be discerned classically. However, such simple minded association of compatibility of measurements with commutativity turns out to be limited in an extended framework, where the usual notion of sharp projective valued measurements of self adjoint observables gets broadened to include unsharp measurements of generalized observables constituting positive operator valued measures (POVM). There is a surge of research activity recently towards gaining new physical insights on the emergence of classical behavior via joint measurability of unsharp observables. Here, we explore the entropic uncertainty relation for a pair of discrete observables (of Alice's system) when an entangled quantum memory of Bob is restricted to record outcomes of jointly measurable POVMs only. Within the joint measurability regime, the sum of entropies associated with Alice's measurement outcomes - conditioned by the results registered at Bob's end - are constrained to obey an entropic steering inequality. In this case, Bob's non-steerability reflects itself as his inability in predicting the outcomes of Alice's pair of non-commuting observables with better precision, even when they share an entangled state. As a further consequence, the quantum advantage envisaged for the construction of security proofs in key distribution is lost, when Bob's measurements are restricted to the joint measurability regime.
H. S. Karthik; A. R. Usha Devi; A. K. Rajagopal
Creating dynamic equivalent PV circuit models with impedance spectroscopy for arc-fault modeling.
Article 690.11 in the 2011 National Electrical Code{reg_sign} (NEC{reg_sign}) requires new photovoltaic (PV) systems on or penetrating a building to include a listed arc fault protection device. Currently there is little experimental or empirical research into the behavior of the arcing frequencies through PV components despite the potential for modules and other PV components to filter or attenuate arcing signatures that could render the arc detector ineffective. To model AC arcing signal propagation along PV strings, the well-studied DC diode models were found to inadequately capture the behavior of high frequency arcing signals. Instead dynamic equivalent circuit models of PV modules were required to describe the impedance for alternating currents in modules. The nonlinearities present in PV cells resulting from irradiance, temperature, frequency, and bias voltage variations make modeling these systems challenging. Linearized dynamic equivalent circuits were created for multiple PV module manufacturers and module technologies. The equivalent resistances and capacitances for the modules were determined using impedance spectroscopy with no bias voltage and no irradiance. The equivalent circuit model was employed to evaluate modules having irradiance conditions that could not be measured directly with the instrumentation. Although there was a wide range of circuit component values, the complex impedance model does not predict filtering of arc fault frequencies in PV strings for any irradiance level. Experimental results with no irradiance agree with the model and show nearly no attenuation for 1 Hz to 100 kHz input frequencies.
Johnson, Jay Dean; Kuszmaul, Scott S.; Strauch, Jason E.; Schoenwald, David Alan
Multibeam Observations of Mine Scour and Burial near Clearwater, Florida, Including a Test of the VIMS 2D Mine Burial Model
of the VIMS 2D Mine Burial Model by Monica L. Wolfson A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment Comparison of A3 Multibeam Observations to the VIMS 2D Burial Model Comparison of F8 Multibeam Observations to the VIMS 2D Burial Model
New Hampshire, University of
Arc Detection and Interlock Module for the PEP II Low Level RF System
A new arc detection and interlock generating module for the SLAC PEP-II low-level RF VXI-based system has been developed. The system is required to turn off the RF drive and high voltage power supply in the event of arcing in the cavity windows, klystron window, or circulator. Infrared photodiodes receive arc signals through radiation resistant optical fibers. Gain and bandwidth are selectable for each channel to allow tailoring response. The module also responds to interlock requests from other modules in the VXI system and communicates with the programmable logic controller (PLC) responsible for much of the low-level RF system's interlock functionality.
Tighe, R.; /SLAC
Addressing the Need for Alternative Transportation Fuels: The Joint BioEnergy Institute
Fuels: The Joint BioEnergy Institute Harvey W. Blanch �,�,�,�, * � Joint BioEnergy Institute, � Department of Chemicalbiomass monomers. The Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI) is a
Blanch, Harvey
OECD/MCCI 2-D Core Concrete Interaction (CCI) tests : final report February 28, 2006.
Although extensive research has been conducted over the last several years in the areas of Core-Concrete Interaction (CCI) and debris coolability, two important issues warrant further investigation. The first issue concerns the effectiveness of water in terminating a CCI by flooding the interacting masses from above, thereby quenching the molten core debris and rendering it permanently coolable. This safety issue was investigated in the EPRI-sponsored Melt Attack and Coolability Experiments (MACE) program. The approach was to conduct large scale, integral-type reactor materials experiments with core melt masses ranging up to two metric tons. These experiments provided unique, and for the most part repeatable, indications of heat transfer mechanism(s) that could provide long term debris cooling. However, the results did not demonstrate definitively that a melt would always be completely quenched. This was due to the fact that the crust anchored to the test section sidewalls in every test, which led to melt/crust separation, even at the largest test section lateral span of 1.20 m. This decoupling is not expected for a typical reactor cavity, which has a span of 5-6 m. Even though the crust may mechanically bond to the reactor cavity walls, the weight of the coolant and the crust itself is expected to periodically fracture the crust and restore contact with the melt. Although crust fracturing does not ensure that coolability will be achieved, it nonetheless provides a pathway for water to recontact the underlying melt, thereby allowing other debris cooling mechanisms to proceed. A related task of the current program, which is not addressed in this particular report, is to measure crust strength to check the hypothesis that a corium crust would not be strong enough to sustain melt/crust separation in a plant accident. The second important issue concerns long-term, two-dimensional concrete ablation by a prototypic core oxide melt. As discussed by Foit the existing reactor material database for dry cavity conditions is solely one-dimensional. Although the MACE Scoping Test was carried out with a two-dimensional concrete cavity, the interaction was flooded soon after ablation was initiated to investigate debris coolability. Moreover, due to the scoping nature of this test, the apparatus was minimally instrumented and therefore the results are of limited value from the code validation viewpoint. Aside from the MACE program, the COTELS test series also investigated 2-D CCI under flooded cavity conditions. However, the input power density for these tests was quite high relative to the prototypic case. Finally, the BETA test series provided valuable data on 2-D core concrete interaction under dry cavity conditions, but these tests focused on investigating the interaction of the metallic (steel) phase with concrete. Due to these limitations, there is significant uncertainty in the partition of energy dissipated for the ablation of concrete in the lateral and axial directions under dry cavity conditions for the case of a core oxide melt. Accurate knowledge of this 'power split' is important in the evaluation of the consequences of an ex-vessel severe accident; e.g., lateral erosion can undermine containment structures, while axial erosion can penetrate the basemat, leading to ground contamination and/or possible containment bypass. As a result of this uncertainty, there are still substantial differences among computer codes in the prediction of 2-D cavity erosion behavior under both wet and dry cavity conditions. In light of the above issues, the OECD-sponsored Melt Coolability and Concrete Interaction (MCCI) program was initiated at Argonne National Laboratory. The project conducted reactor materials experiments and associated analysis to achieve the following technical objectives: (1) resolve the ex-vessel debris coolability issue through a program that focused on providing both confirmatory evidence and test data for the coolability mechanisms identified in MACE integral effects tests, and (2) address remaining uncertainties relat
Farmer, M. T.; Lomperski, S.; Kilsdonk, D. J.; Aeschlimann, R. W.; Basu, S. (Nuclear Engineering Division); (NRC)
Computational Study and Analysis of Structural Imperfections in 1D and 2D Photonic Crystals
Dielectric reflectors that are periodic in one or two dimensions, also known as 1D and 2D photonic crystals, have been widely studied for many potential applications due to the presence of wavelength-tunable photonic bandgaps. However, the unique optical behavior of photonic crystals is based on theoretical models of perfect analogues. Little is known about the practical effects of dielectric imperfections on their technologically useful optical properties. In order to address this issue, a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) code is employed to study the effect of three specific dielectric imperfections in 1D and 2D photonic crystals. The first imperfection investigated is dielectric interfacial roughness in quarter-wave tuned 1D photonic crystals at normal incidence. This study reveals that the reflectivity of some roughened photonic crystal configurations can change up to 50% at the center of the bandgap for RMS roughness values around 20% of the characteristic periodicity of the crystal. However, this reflectivity change can be mitigated by increasing the index contrast and/or the number of bilayers in the crystal. In order to explain these results, the homogenization approximation, which is usually applied to single rough surfaces, is applied to the quarter-wave stacks. The results of the homogenization approximation match the FDTD results extremely well, suggesting that the main role of the roughness features is to grade the refractive index profile of the interfaces in the photonic crystal rather than diffusely scatter the incoming light. This result also implies that the amount of incoherent reflection from the roughened quarterwave stacks is extremely small. This is confirmed through direct extraction of the amount of incoherent power from the FDTD calculations. Further FDTD studies are done on the entire normal incidence bandgap of roughened 1D photonic crystals. These results reveal a narrowing and red-shifting of the normal incidence bandgap with increasing RMS roughness. Again, the homogenization approximation is able to predict these results. The problem of surface scratches on 1D photonic crystals is also addressed. Although the reflectivity decreases are lower in this study, up to a 15% change in reflectivity is observed in certain scratched photonic crystal structures. However, this reflectivity change can be significantly decreased by adding a low index protective coating to the surface of the photonic crystal. Again, application of homogenization theory to these structures confirms its predictive power for this type of imperfection as well. Additionally, the problem of a circular pores in 2D photonic crystals is investigated, showing that almost a 50% change in reflectivity can occur for some structures. Furthermore, this study reveals trends that are consistent with the 1D simulations: parameter changes that increase the absolute reflectivity of the photonic crystal will also increase its tolerance to structural imperfections. Finally, experimental reflectance spectra from roughened 1D photonic crystals are compared to the results predicted computationally in this thesis. Both the computed and experimental spectra correlate favorably, validating the findings presented herein.
K.R. Maskaly
Joint Inverted Indexing Kaiming He2
Joint Inverted Indexing Yan Xia1 Kaiming He2 Fang Wen2 Jian Sun2 1 University of Science and Technology of China 2 Microsoft Research Asia Abstract Inverted indexing is a popular non-exhaustive solution to large scale search. An inverted file is built by a quantizer such as k-means or a tree structure. It has
Bernstein, Phil
Wave Propagation in Jointed Geologic Media
Predictive modeling capabilities for wave propagation in a jointed geologic media remain a modern day scientific frontier. In part this is due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of the complex physical processes associated with the transient response of geologic material, and in part it is due to numerical challenges that prohibit accurate representation of the heterogeneities that influence the material response. Constitutive models whose properties are determined from laboratory experiments on intact samples have been shown to over-predict the free field environment in large scale field experiments. Current methodologies for deriving in situ properties from laboratory measured properties are based on empirical equations derived for static geomechanical applications involving loads of lower intensity and much longer durations than those encountered in applications of interest involving wave propagation. These methodologies are not validated for dynamic applications, and they do not account for anisotropic behavior stemming from direcitonal effects associated with the orientation of joint sets in realistic geologies. Recent advances in modeling capabilities coupled with modern high performance computing platforms enable physics-based simulations of jointed geologic media with unprecedented details, offering a prospect for significant advances in the state of the art. This report provides a brief overview of these modern computational approaches, discusses their advantages and limitations, and attempts to formulate an integrated framework leading to the development of predictive modeling capabilities for wave propagation in jointed and fractured geologic materials.
Antoun, T
Jointly organised by HKU CIVIL ENGRG. DEPT.
SEMINAR Jointly organised by and HKU CIVIL ENGRG. DEPT. Centre for Infrastructure and Construction Industry Development THE USE OF TRENCHLESS TECHNOLOGY FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF URBAN HABITATS by Ian, vibration, and air pollution. The frustration this causes is aggravated by the knowledge that there often
Tam, Vincent W. L.
Dashboards in Higher UMACRAO/WACRAO Joint
Dashboards in Higher Education UMACRAO/WACRAO Joint Conference November 1-3, 2006 Phil Hull charts, pie charts and gauges are usually set in a portal-like environment that is often role for Short Term Decision Making Transactional Current, Unit Record Level Data Used for Daily Operational
Wisconsin at Madison, University of
JOINT SEMINAR Chemical and Biological Engineering
in the failure of oil capture from the dome placed on top of the flowing well. In one very large natural gas. The energy industry uses large quantities of aromatic solvents to change bulk phase properties to avoidJOINT SEMINAR Chemical and Biological Engineering and Wanger Institute for Sustainable Energy
Saniie, Jafar
Wild Hypersurfaces joint work with Andrew Crabbe
Wild Hypersurfaces joint work with Andrew Crabbe Graham J. Leuschke email@example.com Syracuse University Notre Dame, 6 Nov 2010 , Wild Hypersurfaces, CrabbeLeuschke 1/14 #12;Outline Representation types in general Tame and Wild examples MCM modules over hypersurfaces Finite MCM type for hypersurfaces Tame MCM
Leuschke, Graham
Joint with application in electrochemical devices
A joint for use in electrochemical devices, such as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), oxygen separators, and hydrogen separators, that will maintain a hermetic seal at operating temperatures of greater than 600.degree. C., despite repeated thermal cycling excess of 600.degree. C. in a hostile operating environment where one side of the joint is continuously exposed to an oxidizing atmosphere and the other side is continuously exposed to a wet reducing gas. The joint is formed of a metal part, a ceramic part, and a flexible gasket. The flexible gasket is metal, but is thinner and more flexible than the metal part. As the joint is heated and cooled, the flexible gasket is configured to flex in response to changes in the relative size of the metal part and the ceramic part brought about by differences in the coefficient of thermal expansion of the metal part and the ceramic part, such that substantially all of the tension created by the differences in the expansion and contraction of the ceramic and metal parts is absorbed and dissipated by flexing the flexible gasket.
Weil, K Scott [Richland, WA; Hardy, John S [Richland, WA
Quality assurance of asymmetric jaw alignment using 2D diode array
Purpose: A method using a 2D diode array is proposed to measure the junction gap (or overlap) and dose with high precision for routine quality assurance of the asymmetric jaw alignment.Methods: The central axis (CAX) of the radiation field was determined with a 15 � 15 cm{sup 2} photon field at four cardinal collimator angles so that the junction gap (or overlap) can be measured with respect to the CAX. Two abutting fields having a field size of 15 cm (length along the axis parallel to the junction) � 7.5 cm (width along the axis perpendicular to the junction) were used to irradiate the 2D diode array (MapCHECK2) with 100 MU delivered at the photon energy of 6 MV. The collimator was slightly rotated at 15� with respect to the beam central axis to increase the number of diodes effective on the measurement of junction gap. The junction gap and dose measured in high spatial resolution were compared to the conventional methods using an electronic portal imaging device (EPID) and radiochromic film, respectively. In addition, the reproducibility and sensitivity of the proposed method to the measurements of junction gap and dose were investigated.Results: The junction gap (or overlap) and dose measured by MapCHECK2 agreed well to those measured by the conventional methods of EPID and film (the differences ranged from ?0.01 to 0 cm and from ?1.34% to 0.6% for the gap and dose, respectively). No variation in the repeat measurements of the junction gap was found whereas the measurements of junction dose were found to vary in quite a small range over the days of measurement (0.21%�0.35%). While the sensitivity of the measured junction gap to the actual junction gap applied was the ideal value of 1 cm/cm as expected, the sensitivity of the junction dose to the actual junction gap increased as the junction gap (or overlap) decreased (maximum sensitivity: 201.7%/cm).Conclusions: The initial results suggest that the method is applicable for a comprehensive quality assurance of the asymmetric jaw alignment.
Kim, Sun Mo [Department of Medical Physics, Stronach Regional Cancer Centre, Southlake Regional Health Centre, Newmarket, Ontario L3Y 2P9, Canada and Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada)] [Department of Medical Physics, Stronach Regional Cancer Centre, Southlake Regional Health Centre, Newmarket, Ontario L3Y 2P9, Canada and Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada); Chmielewski, Renata; Abbas, Ahmar [Department of Medical Physics, Stronach Regional Cancer Centre, Southlake Regional Health Centre, Newmarket, Ontario L3Y 2P9 (Canada)] [Department of Medical Physics, Stronach Regional Cancer Centre, Southlake Regional Health Centre, Newmarket, Ontario L3Y 2P9 (Canada); Yeung, Ivan W. T.; Moseley, Douglas J. [Department of Medical Physics, Stronach Regional Cancer Centre, Southlake Regional Health Centre, Newmarket, Ontario L3Y 2P9 (Canada) [Department of Medical Physics, Stronach Regional Cancer Centre, Southlake Regional Health Centre, Newmarket, Ontario L3Y 2P9 (Canada); Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada)
Toward IMRT 2D dose modeling using artificial neural networks: A feasibility study
Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of artificial neural networks (ANN) to reconstruct dose maps for intensity modulated radiation treatment (IMRT) fields compared with those of the treatment planning system (TPS). Methods: An artificial feed forward neural network and the back-propagation learning algorithm have been used to replicate dose calculations of IMRT fields obtained from PINNACLE{sup 3} v9.0. The ANN was trained with fluence and dose maps of IMRT fields for 6 MV x-rays, which were obtained from the amorphous silicon (a-Si) electronic portal imaging device of Novalis TX. Those fluence distributions were imported to the TPS and the dose maps were calculated on the horizontal midpoint plane of a water equivalent homogeneous cylindrical virtual phantom. Each exported 2D dose distribution from the TPS was classified into two clusters of high and low dose regions, respectively, based on the K-means algorithm and the Euclidian metric in the fluence-dose domain. The data of each cluster were divided into two sets for the training and validation phase of the ANN, respectively. After the completion of the ANN training phase, 2D dose maps were reconstructed by the ANN and isodose distributions were created. The dose maps reconstructed by ANN were evaluated and compared with the TPS, where the mean absolute deviation of the dose and the {gamma}-index were used. Results: A good agreement between the doses calculated from the TPS and the trained ANN was achieved. In particular, an average relative dosimetric difference of 4.6% and an average {gamma}-index passing rate of 93% were obtained for low dose regions, and a dosimetric difference of 2.3% and an average {gamma}-index passing rate of 97% for high dose region. Conclusions: An artificial neural network has been developed to convert fluence maps to corresponding dose maps. The feasibility and potential of an artificial neural network to replicate complex convolution kernels in the TPS for IMRT dose calculations have been demonstrated.
Kalantzis, Georgios; Vasquez-Quino, Luis A.; Zalman, Travis; Pratx, Guillem; Lei, Yu [Radiation Oncology Department, University of Texas, Health Science Center San Antonio, Texas 78229 and Radiation Oncology Department, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305 (United States); Radiation Oncology Department, University of Texas, Health Science Center San Antonio, Texas 78229 (United States); Radiation Oncology Department, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305 (United States); Radiation Oncology Department, University of Texas, Health Science Center San Antonio, Texas 78229 (United States)
Variation in joint fluid composition and its effect on the tribology of replacement joint articulation
Polyethylene wear is a significant clinical problem limiting the long-term survival of joint replacement prostheses, particularly in total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Although the tribology ...
Mazzucco, Daniel Clarke, 1976-
Optimal Joint Preventive Maintenance and Production Policies* Xiaodong Yao
Optimal Joint Preventive Maintenance and Production Policies* Xiaodong Yao SAS Institute Inc. Cary preventive maintenance (PM) and production policies for an unreliable production-inventory system in which to establish some additional structural properties. Keywords: optimal preventive maintenance, joint maintenance
Marcus, Steven I.
Third National Report for the Joint Convention on the Safety...
for the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management Third National Report for the Joint Convention on the Safety...
Second National Report for the Joint Convention on the Safety...
for the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management Second National Report for the Joint Convention on the Safety...
Fourth National Report for the Joint Convention on the Safety...
for the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management Fourth National Report for the Joint Convention on the Safety...
Expansion Joint Concepts for High Temperature Insulation Systems
EXPANSION JOINT CONCEPTS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE INSULATION SYSTEMS Michael R. Harrison Johns-Manville Sales Corporation ";.,' Denver, Colorado ABSTRACT As high temperature steam and process piping expands with heat, joints beg in to open...
Harrison, M. R.
ankle joint complex: Topics by E-print Network
then there exists A S(H)m Li, Chi-Kwong 458 READY FOR TODAY. PREPARING FOR TOMORROW. The Joint Operating Environment is intended to inform joint concept Mathematics Websites...
ankle joint: Topics by E-print Network
then there exists A S(H)m Li, Chi-Kwong 366 READY FOR TODAY. PREPARING FOR TOMORROW. The Joint Operating Environment is intended to inform joint concept Mathematics Websites...
ankle joint direkte: Topics by E-print Network
then there exists A S(H)m Li, Chi-Kwong 375 READY FOR TODAY. PREPARING FOR TOMORROW. The Joint Operating Environment is intended to inform joint concept Mathematics Websites...
alpha rotary joint: Topics by E-print Network
337 389 494 In 1977, 175 joint fishing ventures with the participation-215. In 1981,193 joint ventures with the par- ticipation of Japanese capital were operating in 47 nations...
activities implemented jointly: Topics by E-print Network
acromioclavicular joint separations: Topics by E-print Network
artificial hip joints: Topics by E-print Network
this could involve the use of additively Evans, Paul 2 COMPUTATIONAL MODELING OF HIP JOINT MECHANICS CiteSeer Summary: The hip joint is one of the largest weight bearing...
2014 SAME Mid-Atlantic Regional Joint Engineer Training Symposium...
SAME Mid-Atlantic Regional Joint Engineer Training Symposium (JETS) 2014 SAME Mid-Atlantic Regional Joint Engineer Training Symposium (JETS) November 12, 2014 8:00AM EST to...
2D surface temperature measurement of plasma facing components with modulated active pyrometry
In nuclear fusion devices, such as Tore Supra, the plasma facing components (PFC) are in carbon. Such components are exposed to very high heat flux and the surface temperature measurement is mandatory for the safety of the device and also for efficient plasma scenario development. Besides this measurement is essential to evaluate these heat fluxes for a better knowledge of the physics of plasma-wall interaction, it is also required to monitor the fatigue of PFCs. Infrared system (IR) is used to manage to measure surface temperature in real time. For carbon PFCs, the emissivity is high and known (? ? 0.8), therefore the contribution of the reflected flux from environment and collected by the IR cameras can be neglected. However, the future tokamaks such as WEST and ITER will be equipped with PFCs in metal (W and Be/W, respectively) with low and variable emissivities (? ? 0.1�0.4). Consequently, the reflected flux will contribute significantly in the collected flux by IR camera. The modulated active pyrometry, using a bicolor camera, proposed in this paper allows a 2D surface temperature measurement independently of the reflected fluxes and the emissivity. Experimental results with Tungsten sample are reported and compared with simultaneous measurement performed with classical pyrometry (monochromatic and bichromatic) with and without reflective flux demonstrating the efficiency of this method for surface temperature measurement independently of the reflected flux and the emissivity.
Amiel, S.; Loarer, T.; Pocheau, C.; Roche, H.; Gauthier, E.; Aumeunier, M.-H.; Courtois, X.; Jouve, M.; Balorin, C.; Moncada, V. [CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance (France); Le Niliot, C.; Rigollet, F. [Aix-Marseille Univ, IUSTI, UMR CNRS 7343, F-13453 Marseille (France)
A Specification for a Godunov-type Eulerian 2-D Hydrocode, Revision 0
The purpose of this code specification is to describe an algorithm for solving the Euler equations of hydrodynamics in a 2D rectangular region in sufficient detail to allow a software developer to produce an implementation on their target platform using their programming language of choice without requiring detailed knowledge and experience in the field of computational fluid dynamics. It should be possible for a software developer who is proficient in the programming language of choice and is knowledgable of the target hardware to produce an efficient implementation of this specification if they also possess a thorough working knowledge of parallel programming and have some experience in scientific programming using fields and meshes. On modern architectures, it will be important to focus on issues related to the exploitation of the fine grain parallelism and data locality present in this algorithm. This specification aims to make that task easier by presenting the essential details of the algorithm in a systematic and language neutral manner while also avoiding the inclusion of implementation details that would likely be specific to a particular type of programming paradigm or platform architecture.
Nystrom, William D [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Robey, Jonathan M [Los Alamos National Laboratory
A Complete Onium Program with R2D at RHIC II
Following on the discovery of a strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma (QGP) at RHIC, a program of detailed quarkonia measurements is crucial to understanding the nature of deconfinement. Lattice QCD calculations suggest a sequential melting of the quarkonia states in the deconfined medium. Such a melting would lead to a suppression in the measured charmonium and bottomonium yields. However, distinguishing a true suppression from shadowing, absorption, and recombination effects requires detailed measurements of the charmonium states (J/psi, psi', and chi_c) and bottomonium states (Y(1S), Y(2S), and Y(3S)). Also, since measurements are needed not only in A+A, but also in p+p for determining primary yields and in p+A for evaluating absorption, the detector should perform well in all collision environments. To fully realize the program outlined above, a new detector will be required at RHIC-II. We present a proposal for a complete quarkonia program and the abilities of a new detector, R2D, to meet the stated requirements. Comparisons will be made with proposed upgrades to existing RHIC detectors and with the upcoming LHC program.
Richard Witt
Structural and elastic properties of a confined 2D colloidal solid: a molecular dynamics study
We implement molecular dynamics simulations in canonical ensemble to study the effect of confinement on a $2d$ crystal of point particles interacting with an inverse power law potential proportional to $r^{-12}$ in a narrow channel. This system can describe colloidal particles at the air-water interface. It is shown that the system characteristics depend sensitively on the boundary conditions at the two {\\it walls} providing the confinement. The walls exert perpendicular forces on their adjacent particles. The potential between walls and particles varies as the inverse power of ten. Structural quantities such as density profile, structure factor and orientational order parameter are computed. It is shown that orientational order persists near the walls even at temperatures where the system in the bulk is in fluid state. The dependence of elastic constants, stress tensor elements, shear and bulk modulii on density as well as the channel width is discussed. Moreover, the effect of channel incommensurability with the triangular lattice structure is discussed. It is shown that incommensurability notably affects the system properties. We compare our findings to those obtained by Monte Carlo simulations and also to the case with the periodic boundary condition along the channel width. .
M. Ebrahim Foulaadvand; Neda Ojaghlou
2D X-ray scanner and its uses in laboratory reservoir characterization measurements
X-ray techniques are used in petroleum laboratories for a variety of reservoir characterization measurements. This paper describes the configuration of a 2D X-ray scanner and many of the ways in which it simplifies and improves accuracy`s of laboratory measurements. Linear X-ray scanners are most often used to provide descriptions of fluid saturations within core plugs during flow tests. We configured our linear scanner for both horizontal and vertical movement. Samples can be scanned horizontally, vertically, or according to horizontal and vertical grids. X-ray measurements are fast, allowing measurements of two- and three-phase fluid saturations during both steady- and unsteady-state flow processes. Rock samples can be scanned while they are subjected to stress, pore pressure, and temperature conditions simulating those of a petroleum reservoir. Many types of measurements are possible by selecting appropriate X-ray power settings, dopes, filters, and collimator configurations. The scanner has been used for a variety of applications besides fluid saturation measurements. It is useful for measuring porosity distributions in rocks, concentrations of X-ray dopes within flow streams during tracer tests, gap widths in fracture flow cells, fluid interface levels in PVT cells and fluid separators, and other features and phenomena.
Maloney, D.; Doggett, K.
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: higher order galaxy correlation functions
We measure moments of the galaxy count probability distribution function in the two-degree field galaxy redshift survey (2dFGRS). The survey is divided into volume limited subsamples in order to examine the dependence of the higher order clustering on galaxy luminosity. We demonstrate the hierarchical scaling of the averaged p-point galaxy correlation functions, xibar_p, up to p=6. The hierarchical amplitudes, S_p = xibar_p/xibar_2^{p-1}, are approximately independent of the cell radius used to smooth the galaxy distribution on small to medium scales. On larger scales we find the higher order moments can be strongly affected by the presence of rare, massive superstructures in the galaxy distribution. The skewness S_3 has a weak dependence on luminosity, approximated by a linear dependence on log luminosity. We discuss the implications of our results for simple models of linear and non-linear bias that relate the galaxy distribution to the underlying mass.
D. J. Croton; E. Gaztanaga; C. M. Baugh; P. Norberg; M. Colless; I. K. Baldry; J. Bland-Hawthorn; T. Bridges; R. Cannon; S. Cole; C. Collins; W. Couch; G. Dalton; R. De Propris; S. P. Driver; G. Efstathiou; R. S. Ellis; C. S. Frenk; K. Glazebrook; C. Jackson; O. Lahav; I. Lewis; S. Lumsden; S. Maddox; D. Madgwick; J. A. Peacock; B. A. Peterson; W. Sutherland; K. Taylor
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