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tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-786070067647925502014-10-16T12:09:31.358-07:00Sierra Site ProjectTeam Sierras: Bart Cutino, Tyler Huggins, Justin Smeja, Ro Sahebi, Shawn Evidence. Bigfoot research - Sierras Thermal video.Sierra email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-10581760056525570162013-12-05T22:49:00.000-08:002013-12-05T22:49:02.670-08:00Sierras Evidence members, Justin Smeja & Ro Sahebi Join Cast of SPIKE TV's $10 Million Bigfoot Bounty (preview)Enjoy the first preview of things to come on Spike TV's $10 Million Dollar Bigfoot Bounty. The cast includes other greats in the field along with Superman himself...
Host DEAN CAIN. Go TEAM SIERRAS!!!

10 Million Dollar Bigfoot Bounty

Also Joining the cast: Todd Disotell, Natalia Reagan, Michael Merchant, Kat McKechnie, Stacy Brown, Dave Lauer, Kirsten Godfrey, Shaney Warehime, Rictor Riolo, Dax Rushlow.

THE 10 MILLION DOLLAR BIGFOOT BOUNTY IS ON!

Premiers January 10th, 2014 on Spike TV @10pm PST

It's time to really find out if Bigfoot truly exists with the LARGEST CASH PRIZE IN TELEVISION HISTORY. Spike is raising the stakes something serious in the endless quest to discover the truth about the legendary creature known as Bigfoot, the seemingly mythical being that roams forests of the world, avoiding mankind. Sierra SiteProjecthttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-55136839143164955172013-12-05T22:48:00.001-08:002013-12-05T22:48:37.199-08:00 "DEAD BIGFOOT: A True Story" is now available for rent.Watch it right from this site:

Or go directly to: http://DeadBigfoot.com
Or Facebook to rent: https://www.facebook.com/DeadBigfoot

In October of 2010, 2 young hunters shot a 7 foot tall animal they could not identify. It stood upright and walked like a man. Dead Bigfoot: A True Story, chronicles the events of hunter, Justin Smeja after his alleged shooting of 2 bigfoots in October of 2010. The filmmaker embarks on an investigation filled with witness interviews, an intense polygraph examination and a long hard look the evidence collected.

Presented by MuldersWorld.com
In Association with The Sierras Evidence Initiative
Starring Justin Smeja, The Driver, Bart Cutino, Ro Sahebi and Sanh Oriyavong
Written and Directed by Ro SahebiSierra SiteProjecthttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-49181958089400557972013-10-18T00:45:00.001-07:002013-10-18T00:47:26.489-07:00Sierras Team member Tyler Huggins featured in Calgary Herald: Alberta a Hotbed of Hunt for Bigfoot
New yeti research fires up reports of local sightings of beast

Calgarian Tyler Huggins holds plaster casts from what are believed by some to be "bigfoot" prints. Huggins believes he and his friends saw one of the mysterious creatures while hiking in the Rockies in the 1990s

A Calgary man on an unwavering quest to uncover the existence of an elusive, legendary creature has endured "heaps of mockery" and dug into his own pockets to pay for his pursuit.

But Tyler Huggins remains on the hunt for Bigfoot, parsing through potential evidence after encountering what he believes was the ape-like beast, widely believed to be something out of mythology.

Theories about these mysterious, walking primates were thrust back into the public spotlight this week after Oxford University researcher Bryan Sykes released research findings that suggest the yeti — an ape-like creature of the Himalayas — could be a polar bear hybrid still roaming mountain terrain.

"I'm floored that we're finally getting someone with credentials to properly investigate these claims," said Huggins, who had spoken with Sykes about tissue and hair samples that could be linked to Bigfoot, which the Calgarian collected.

By Reid Southwick, CALGARY HERALD Oct 17, 2013. Read full article Click HereSierra SiteProjecthttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-91670903229322269552013-09-30T23:40:00.002-07:002013-09-30T23:45:27.026-07:00A look at some of this year's expeditions.

Sierra SiteProjecthttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-360720431371969842013-06-06T22:53:00.001-07:002013-06-06T22:53:20.462-07:00The Squatchers Lounge Podcast #9 - w/ Bart CutinoSierras Evidence Special: Bart Cutino joins Rev. Jeff Kelley and Christopher York to discuss last summer's thermal image footage captured at the Sierras Evidence Site.

Thermal footage breakdown Sierra SiteProjecthttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-25603714414646173482013-04-21T15:34:00.000-07:002013-12-05T22:03:13.874-08:00Sierras Evidence Thermal Footage and Investigation (shot by Bart Cutino)

Click here to download the full reports and Q&A pdfs
Click here to watch all investigation videos on youtube

Phil Poling Breakdown

Event Summary:
In the early morning hours of August 25th, 2012 in the northern Sierras of CA, I was able to film (with Sanh Oriyavong by my side) multiple large, bipedal subjects with my FLIR-H-Series handheld unit that we're confidant are Sierras sasquatches quietly spying on our camp from a strategic vantage position and operating comfortably through the hillside tree-line in complete darkness. Although the footage is not "damning" by any means, due to it being thermal from 103-105 yards, we believe the compelling circumstances with six witnesses (with four of us awake) total, including myself, Justin Smeja, Sanh Oriyavong, Ro Sahebi, Michael Lorentz, and Todd Hale, "real-time" audio recorded during filming, group behavior documented ("rock throwing"), footage length etc… coupled with the subsequent investigation, makes this encounter unparalleled in many aspects.

It's an understatement to say that the documentation process to fully and appropriately analyze this footage was lengthy and extremely labor intensive. It began with an initial return trip to the site within a month of the filming, with the best team I could possibly assemble in such a short period as I put Ranger Robert Leiterman (my longtime friend, research partner and wilderness mentor) in capacity of lead independent investigator and who was instructed by me to "destroy" this footage from every angle…… if he could. The subsequent investigation, re-creation process on-site and personnel, consisted of myself, four of the six witnesses present from the night of the filming and over a half dozen other researchers brought in over an 8-day period in mid-September 2012. The investigation didn't end there however, and other quality researchers were brought in such as Phil Poling, Kirk Brandenburg, Lino Conti etc… to contribute their expertise and collaborate on an unprecedented documentation package to share with the public and bigfoot research community.

At the end of the day, and if nothing else, we hope the standard and expectations of video documentation has increased in this field with the presentation of this Primary Witness report, my "Q&A" report as well as Robert's "Introduction" and "Analysis" reports. With respect to video documentation shared, the action footages in their entirety with matching "real time" audio is included as well as Phil Poling's Sierras Thermal Footage Breakdown piece, Kirk Brandenburg's "Continuous Action" video and Robert Leiterman's eleven return trip videos documenting the entire re-creation process as it unfolded on-site

Continuous action edit of raw thermal footage

Raw Audio and Thermal Footage Sync
Sierra SiteProjecthttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-56903933128228643732013-03-23T17:38:00.006-07:002013-03-23T17:39:35.577-07:00Visual Representation of Ketchum #26 Contamination as per Genbank Results

 >>>Right Click here and "save as" to download PDF<<<
"The first page of the pdf identifies the sequences at the top of the page as "sample 26" (Justin's sample) from Ketchum's report. In that sequence as a whole (the entire string of colors), a biologist has outlined for us that the blue sequences are an unspecified "primate" (human, ape, etc), and the red sequences are 'bear'. These two contributors then, are the dominant presences. Green, Orange, Fuchsia and Black are also present in small amounts, and represent "artifacts" and "unknown". These are present in only very small amounts.

 The next little table shows what Genbank has to say, when this 'string of sequences' is "BLASTed"(ie, when this set of sequences is presented to Genbank as a single species, and Genbank is asked to predict which species most closely align with the data presented to it... In other words, when Genbank is asked to "identify" the species represented by the sequence(s).) You can see that Otolemur and Homo Sapiens are both listed as potential matches. Now again, that is Genbank working with a sequence that includes primate and bear and artifacts and unknowns.

One way to tell that it is not a sequence from just one single contributor, is that when you separate the sections (individual contributors) of that initial 'string' (as per the colors), and blast them separately, your results change quite a bit:

We here see in the next attempt that when just the areas that are identified as "primate" (blue), and "artifact" (green) are blasted, Otolemur is dropped from Genbank's suggested potential matches, and only Human (HSS) is suggested as a likely match.

When you blast just the red sections of the original string, you see that the results now match "Bear" ONE HUNDRED percent… bear ONLY. That makes it tough to question that that sequence is bear, and not just part of some other animal's genome.

Likely conclusions: When the "bear" or "human" sections of the original string of sequences are blasted by themselves, Genbank readily identifies them as such. This seems to corroborate the opinion that the original sequence in fact represents more than one contributor and should not be viewed as originating from one animal. (This then is a third "test" which gets the same results that my lab, and Bart's lab got on this tissue sample – "Bear and human DNA" - Melba's own data aligns with this same conclusion). When those same bear sequences from the original string are blasted while intertwined with human and artifacts, Genbank can't identify them, and thinks that Otolemur or human is the closest match.

So, we have fairly definitive matching by Genbank which says that the blue areas are Human, and the red areas are Bear...But that when you present them to Genbank as a mixed sample (Ketchenstein DNA) Genbank ceases to recognize them as "bear" and "human" and instead says "hmmm this seems kinda like Otolemur DNA." Another reason to doubt that potential suggested match, is that the amount of homology is low enough to make anyone question that the DNA is actually from any single species on this planet, since we have more homology with nearly every other living thing that moves."Sierra SiteProjecthttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-28844246133581474242013-03-17T22:46:00.001-07:002013-03-17T22:46:19.112-07:00Sierras Evidence Initiative's Tyler Huggins chats with the Squatcher's Lounge PodcastHosts Jeffrey Kelley and Kipp Morrill welcome Tyler Huggins of the BFRO and Sierras Evidence Initiative as their guest for Episode #5.

Sierra SiteProjecthttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-24779057901410654772013-03-01T23:17:00.000-08:002013-03-01T23:17:51.957-08:00The Sierras Evidence Initiative goes live to address recent developments [video podcast]

Sierras Evidence Initiative team members and Guy Edwards of Bigfoot Lunchclub, recap and address the current events and developments of February, 2013.

Enjoy :)
Sierra SiteProjecthttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-90631241907609090922013-02-28T18:01:00.000-08:002013-02-28T18:02:54.543-08:00History of "Sierra Kills" Tissue Submission & Testing (Frozen & Salt-Cured Tissue) - By Bart Cutino

As I've stated previously in my summary attachment to our Trent University report regarding the "circumstantial" Sierras tissue, our objective and responsibility to the public, fellow researchers, the hunter/submitters and frankly ourselves, was to independently contract multiple labs to screen this sample as a precautionary measure and hopefully rule out "all" potential North American mammalian candidate contributors.

For purposes of "checks and balances" and with respect to both a piece of the frozen Sierras tissue, as well as a piece of the "salt-cured" tissue originating from the same mass (see historic description below) the second lab we contracted in addition to Trent University was DNA Solutions, Inc. (Oklahoma City, Oklahoma) and highly respected lab director, Dr. Brandt Cassidy. Dr. Cassidy is a world-renowned expert in DNA research/analysis and lecturer who has also written various abstracts and publications in addition to being actively involved in several professional groups including HITA (Human Identification Trade Association) and The Association of Forensic DNA Analysts and Administrators. Of interesting note, Dr. Cassidy and his team at DNA Solutions Inc. were contracted to create and manage the North American Deer Registry (NADR) in 2007. In September of 2011, Dr. Cassidy and his team reached a historic milestone when they completed testing on their 100,000th whitetail deer.

Testing Conclusion & Summary (DNA Solutions Inc.)
("Frozen Tissue") Conclusion:

Significant degradation, short PCR fragments, T2 Hablotype and identical Genomic DNA match with Justin Smeja

("Salted Tissue") Conclusion:
mtDNA specific for North American Black Bear (Ursus Americanus), identical Genomic DNA match with Justin Smeja

TO DOWNLOAD FULL REPORT, CLICK HERE

Dr. Cassidy was referred to me by a close researcher friend as a secondary lab to Trent University and was an absolute pleasure to work with. In addition, he was very generous with his time in thoroughly explaining his current findings and data and this more than made up for any delays encountered in receiving his final report. It's also important to mention that as my secondary lab, Dr. Cassidy knew from the outset what we were testing for (again he was a referral) however, he was completely unaware of the sample's significance to either this field or another purported study until I explained it to him in depth "after" testing was complete.

I initially asked Dr. Cassidy to perform sequencing on the frozen tissue sample sent directly to his lab from Justin Smeja, followed by a piece of the salted tissue I collected and personally sent him. The objective was to make sure that although the tissues were in different states (frozen vs. treated) they were one and the same species contributors.

My first update from Dr. Cassidy was from August 16th 2012 when he reported via email that he isolated DNA on the frozen tissue and had success on a partial profile with human markers suggesting a "human" origin, however, he was having less success with mitochondrial analysis. On August 28th, 2012, I received another email update from Dr. Cassidy in which he stated that he'd run the mitochondrial hypervariable regions 1# & 2# and the sequence similarity search matched closely with that of human. On October 19th, 2012, Dr. Cassidy reported that he ran "both nDNA & mtDNA analysis on the frozen tissue and the nDNA came back human." He further reported that the analysis is specific to human and if "there were more than one human," he'd see the presence of it. The mtDNA indicated two species with one being human and one unidentified that, due to degradation, was not successfully separated out. On the "salted" tissue, the human nDNA profile mirrored that of the frozen tissue in profile, while the mtDNA was specific to North American Black Bear (Ursus Americanus). This mtDNA was apparently much cleaner with very little indication of mixture.

At this point, Dr. Cassidy requested a sample from the submitter, Justin Smeja, which we had previously offered to provide. Amusingly enough and because of time, On October 20th 2012, I swabbed Justin "after" Bigfoot Discovery Day V event in Felton, CA, immediately after my presentation. On November 5th, 2012, Dr. Cassidy notified me that the samples contained mold and we needed to try again. Dr. Cassidy then sent us a kit from his lab and we got Justin's DNA swabs back to him on November 28th, 2012 as I immediately requested he expedite comparative testing after receiving the report from Trent University. On November 30, 2012, Dr. Cassidy informed me that the reference sample from Justin Smeja was a "perfect match" for "both" tissues and he tried to get better mitochondrial sequences from the frozen tissue sample but was unsuccessful due to degradation. With his sincerest apologies for the long delay due to heavy business traffic, the holidays and travel, Dr. Cassidy sent me the final report with all Fasta data I requested on January 28th, 2013.

History Of "Salt-Cured" Tissue
If both men's account regarding collection is accurate, it's my personal opinion having spent many hours of "on-site" investigation and directing unsuccessful excavation attempts for remains within the area encompassing the purported shootings, and, after considering weathering elements/exposure, multiple potential predators and recognition state of tissue for a period of up to 5 weeks; the tissue recovered on November 12th 2010 would "likely" fail (though not impossible) to have any association of origin with an unconfirmed deceased subject shot from October 8th 2010 in the same vicinity, despite the hunters initial and understandable suspicions (based on circumstances).

According to both Justin Smeja and his partner Jack, shortly after returning home from the Sierras site with the tissue sample ("recovered sample," minus cut piece See Figure 1#) in the early evening of November 12th 2010 and per instructions from WA researcher Derek Randles, Justin immediately cut a piece off of the main tissue that was roughly estimated at about 25% of its total mass (See Figure 2#).

About 60% of that piece (which was prepackaged) was shipped directly to Dr. Ketchum for her "study," per Justin's wife, within 48 hours. The remaining 40% of that piece was eventually "salted" for preservation purposes so Justin could bring it with him to meet all of us at the Sierras site in July 2011 for a "remains search." (See Figure 3#)

Within 5 days of submitting this sample, Justin was notified indirectly through Dr. Ketchum that his sample was "looking good for a bigfoot" through preliminary and undetermined testing. It's important to note that at no time prior or after that determination was made and relayed to Justin, was a sample of his DNA requested or collected to rule out potential contamination.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

The hair morphology of the "salted" piece was subsequently examined on-site in July 2011 by both Dr. Jeffrey Meldrum and Naturalist John Mionczynski, through both visual observation and limited magnification. Although no definitive pre-determinations were made, a canine origin was initially suspected by Dr. Meldrum, who was confident the sample was non-primate in nature and he subsequently stated with respect to visual characteristics present and or absent, "you'd have to rewrite the book for this to be primate." The sample was subsequently gifted to Wally Hersom "on-site" by Smeja and continues to be held in his possession.

In June of 2012, I decided it would be best that since we're testing the Sierras tissue with a second lab that we include a piece of the salted tissue to confirm the subject species of origin was identical to the frozen tissue. After requesting and receiving a small sample of the salted tissue from Wally, I sent off that portion to Dr. Cassidy's lab (See Figure 4#), while Justin simultaneously sent off a frozen piece of tissue (See Figure 5").

Figure 4

Figure 5

Independent Vetting of Sample

The primary catalyst in Justin Smeja initiating requests for independent testing with both Tyler Huggins and myself on his behalf were from a phone call he received in January of 2012 from Dr. Melba Ketchum in which three other witnesses, including Justin's wife and hunting partner from the purported shootings ("Jack") listened in on speakerphone, anticipating the release of her long-awaited manuscript with the Sierras tissue as its "centerpiece." According to Justin's account, and confirmed with two of the three witnesses to me within 30 hours of the phone call, Dr. Ketchum requested the rest of his tissue sample because, "should he ever decide to pursue testing elsewhere," this particular sample would yield "a regular mammal and possible contamination" in the results from the external testing facility utilized (prophetically stated based on both Trent University & DNA Solutions Inc. final results). According to Smeja, she also stated that she "had a special way of making things appear differently," subsequently providing him a Clorox bleach cocktail recipe to destroy the DNA present for the remaining sample. In addition, Justin claimed she made repeated references to defrauding her sponsor (my personal dear friend of eight years, Wally Hersom) by suggesting to Justin that she could convince Wally to purchase "the cleansed" sample with the belief it was still viable and she could "arrange" for perpetual and "unnecessary" testing. I was notified by Justin by phone within 45 minutes of the call and he was extremely dispirited and "rattled" with the previous false promises relayed to him after initially submitting the sample to Dr. Ketchum in mid-November of 2010.

As a result of these claims, and concern about potential repercussions on the bigfoot community as a whole should we find a major conflict in findings or evidence of intentional deception, we initiated contact with Trent University in the spring of 2012 and DNA Solutions Inc. in the late summer of 2012.

Public Allegations

It's important to note that in lieu of our recent Trent University results (which declared the circumstantial Sierras tissue as Ursus Americanus with mtDNA contamination, consistent with Justin) unfounded and very serious allegations of deliberately exchanging of samples by Justin Smeja have come from Dr. Ketchum's camp. Based on timing, we suspect the allegations stem from an alarming conflict in conclusions from our contracted labs with those from the Ketchum study (on the same tissue) and our intent to publish those findings in the public forum. The allegations, which again are completely unfounded, consist of Smeja intentionally switching samples with the rationale of protecting himself from potential prosecution based all on unsubstantiated assumptions drawn from the supposed "human" element in the mtDNA found in the Ketchum study results.

Not only are these allegations vehemently denied by Justin, but the results we've received in the attached report with the "salted" tissue (which was out of Justin's custody to administer for testing since July 2011) counter any claim of intentional deception on Justin's part with respect to switching samples for any reason or concern as these claims are seen by us again, as an attempt to justify the significant discrepancies in the findings and we feel comparative analysis by objective and qualified parties can "clear up" any confusion.

(For comparative purposes, I would recommend for those who've purchased the Novel North American Hominins Journal to see the photograph adjacent to "Next Generation Whole Genome Sequencing"on page 10 of 18. Comparing Figure 2 (Tissue in Smeja's hand), with this photograph confirm any doubt visually, that these two pieces of tissue are identical and therefore one and the same. That same piece, what was left of it, became the salted tissue that was tested at DNA Solutions Inc.)

It should also be mentioned that prior to releasing the results from Trent University, we were contacted by Dr. Ketchum via a third-party because of her concern with both our findings and timing of our release of that information. The exchanges consisted of an initial phone call from Dr. Ketchum with my partner Tyler Huggins and multiple back and forth emails between the two, where Dr. Ketchum was initially "surprised" by our labs findings before insinuating that the piece of tissue in her possession was processed right off the deceased subject's body by Smeja and sent directly to her.

Nonetheless, after Dr. Ketchum initially agreed to mutual third-party testing of the remainder of Justin's tissue sample (in her possession) to potentially resolve this glaring conflict in results from our labs, Dr. Ketchum subsequently changed her position, and was no longer interested in this or any other alternative opportunity to resolve this issue we suggested… even though "she" initiated contact with us. If our labs were somehow wrong in their findings, both Tyler and myself were willing to consider temporarily delaying our publicizing of results, "pending" confirmation from one of the credentialed third-parties whom purportedly established the determinations and could validate Dr. Ketchum's verbally stated results on the Sierras tissue (Sample 26#). Again, she declined the offer and this full exchange is documented in multiple emails over a period of several days.

Although Tyler and myself want to prevent misinformation from being perpetuated to the public such as contentions on behalf of Dr. Ketchum's associates that "she has been willing to undergo third-party testing on the remaining Sierras tissue sample in her possession;" we will only publicize this email exchange where Dr. Ketchum "clearly" declines this option for clarity, with her full consent. Although we covet transparency into matters such as these, we wish to prevent setting a questionable precedent in consideration of ethics and anticipated privacy.

Although we strongly believe that the parallels in lab results from both DNA Solutions Inc. and Trent University are extremely "compelling" at this time, especially when coupled with the unethical requests and prophetic claims by Dr. Ketchum brought to our attention by submitter Justin Smeja prior to the testing efforts we've undertaken on his behalf, we defer to those who specialize and are more capable than us in appropriate interpretation of this data. We would be admittedly "thrilled" if these two highly reputable diagnostic labs with different specializations, failed to recognize a primary mammalian contributor in the tissue provided. Again, the only resolution is for an objective, "open" and rigorous scientific review of all the data.

On behalf of Dr. Ketchum's sponsor, the submitters of forensic samples to her study, the concerns of the bigfoot community as a whole, and of most important relevance here, submitter Justin Smeja (whom entrusted Dr. Ketchum to initially test his sample in November of 2010) we merely ask Dr. Ketchum immediately release the "FULL" raw sequence genome data for Sample 26 (in place of current, "select," snippet sequences in the supplementary data portion of her manuscript).

Furthermore, in recognition of full transparency and significance of Sample 26 to her respective study, and for the purposes of objective and "open" comparative scientific analysis (of course with full respect and consideration of Dr. Ketchum's proprietary rights from which she's entitled) we also appeal to Dr. Ketchum to immediately release the hair analysis report from Southwestern Institute of Forensic Science, the Histopathological reports on Sample 26 from both Texas A&M University and Huguley Pathology Consultants, reports on nDNA analysis from both Northern Louisiana Criminalistics Laboratory & SeqWright, Electron Microscopy report on Sample 26 from Texas A&M University and Whole Genome Analysis reports from both Genomics Core Laboratory and UT Southwestern Medical Center.

Sierra SiteProjecthttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-35178157062354658192013-02-28T18:00:00.001-08:002013-02-28T18:14:20.228-08:00Results of Forensic Testing on Reputed Sasquatch (Sierra Kills) Tissue Samples Recovered by Justin Smeja - by Tyler Huggin

On October 8, 2010, Justin Smeja and a friend claim to have encountered three animals with characteristics that match typical eyewitness descriptions of Bigfoots or Sasquatch. Smeja claims to have shot two of the three subjects. Numerous lines of reasoning and corroborating evidence have caused me to believe him (http://bigfootevidence.blogspot.ca/2012/08/tyler-huggins-why-i-believed-justin.html). Smeja claims to have left the site with neither a body nor physical evidence of what he had shot, but a few weeks later he was compelled to return to the site in an effort to retrieve evidence of his claims. The landscape of the site had changed appreciably due to abundant snowfall and change of season, but at the location where they felt one of the animals had expired, Smeja and friend recovered a substantial amount of tissue with hair attached. They were very confident that characteristics of the recovered hide scrap matched the animal that Smeja shot. Smeja then submitted some of this tissue to Dr. Melba Ketchum through Derek Randles, and in a separate undertaking, provided samples to me (Tyler Huggins) and then to Bart Cutino.

In April of 2012, I contracted one of Canada's most respected forensic DNA labs at Trent University to determine the samples' species of origin. Director Dr. Bradley White (Canada Research Chair in Genetics), who has authored papers related to both human and non-human mammalian genomes, became personally involved in the efforts to genetically identify the tissue, and was very indulgent of my questions and challenges to his lab's work. My hope was for the results to indicate that the tissue came from an uncatalogued primate (including potential hominids). In November 2012, after a prolonged effort and after withstanding my many challenges to their conclusions (as well as challenges from many other concerned parties, including Justin Smeja), Trent University provided me with their final report which concluded that the sample was bear tissue contaminated by Justin Smeja's DNA. During that period, Bart Cutino's Oklahoma lab was working completely independently and completely unaware of Trent University's results. Bart supplied the lab with two pieces of tissue – a salt-cured piece that Justin had brought to the site of the encounter, and a frozen piece that Justin had preserved. Dr. Brandt Cassidy has now corroborated Trent University's results, and we are ready to make a statement regarding the data.

The OK lab report is quite brief and to the point. As had the Trent University lab, Dr. Cassidy's lab independently identified only two contributors (the presence of DNA from only two animals). They identified Ursus americanus (Black Bear) and Homo sapiens (Human). The lab report includes pictures of the tissue and hair, but because their expertise is not in hair analysis, those pictures are provided for reference only. Dr. Meldrum has volunteered to supply a hair morphology analysis.

TO DOWNLOAD FULL REPORT, CLICK HERE

When results indicate the presence of 'human-looking' DNA, the first thing to do is to test the "chain of custody" – in other words, compare the human DNA of the sample against the DNA of all humans who have handled the sample. As the submitter, Justin Smeja would logically be first on that list. We subsequently obtained and compared Smeja's own DNA against that of the human DNA found in the sample.
*The only human DNA present in the sample was found to be a match for Justin Smeja's own DNA.

It should be noted that Trent University was able to obtain only mitochondrial DNA from the human contribution in the sample. As such, the lab was able to compare only the mitochondrial DNA (mDNA) of the tissue sample to that of Justin Smeja. Smeja's mDNA showed no divergence from any of the 423bp that were compared against the mDNA present in the sample. While the mDNA of the technician working on the sample was also tested and did show divergence from the mDNA of the sample, this test is not precise enough to conclusively rule out every other human as a potential source for the contaminant human DNA that was present in the sample. Fortunately, Dr. Brandt in Oklahoma was able to obtain and match human nuclear DNA from the sample to that of Justin Smeja. Nuclear DNA is generally regarded as more informative than mtDNA, when looking for an identifying 'match.' As such, this now gives us added confidence that the only human DNA present in the tissue sample is in fact that of Justin Smeja.

As disappointing as this is, we must keep a few points in mind:

• There are many compelling reasons to believe Smeja's account other than just the expectations surrounding this tissue (including a passed polygraph that, while not infallible, did conclude that there was an absence of any deceit). (http://bigfootevidence.blogspot.ca/2012/08/tyler-huggins-why-i-believed-justin.html)

• We knew from the start that this tissue may not have originated from the subjects he claims to have shot. No claims were ever made about this tissue other than that it seemed to be good circumstantial evidence, since it was found in the same general area, and looked similar in color. Justin had additional confidence that the tissue originated from one of the subjects, after Melba Ketchum assured him that the tissue provided clear genetic evidence of an unidentified hominid.

• Bart Cutino is in possession of boots from Justin Smeja, which Smeja claims one of the animals bled onto after he shot it. This boot evidence then, is direct and not circumstantial. We are pursuing testing of these boots. However, these boots have been exposed to contamination from other animals and Justin himself. Additionally, the boots were exposed to the elements for many months, so degradation is sure to add complexity to any efforts at DNA retrieval. We will be initiating testing of these boots very shortly.
Sierra SiteProjecthttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-27765937851462497122013-02-23T23:30:00.000-08:002013-02-24T11:56:58.323-08:00Justin Smeja talks about last two years, including shocking suggestions made by Melba Ketchum

Exclusive: Justin Smeja talks about last two years, including shocking suggestions (in detail) made by Dr. Melba Ketchum, unfounded accusations and his future in bigfoot research.

Listen to Justin's tell-all here:

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The last two years have been long and frustrating for Justin Smeja, He's the man who along with his partner, Jack, "the driver,"claimed to shoot two sasquatches, in the Sierras in the fall of 2010. One of the two juvenile sasquatches encountered that day was fatally wounded, the adult sasquatch first encountered, retreated wounded into thick uphill brush and although presumed dead, was never found.

In November of that year, almost 5 weeks later and with the help of a bloodhound, both men retrieved circumstantial tissue in the snow near the area of the shooting. About 1/8th of this tissue was immediately sent off to Dr. Melba Ketchum for dna testing, and who within one week got word back to Justin that the sample matched the others in her study and was definitely from a "bigfoot." Soon thereafter, the boots Justin wore the day of the shootings which had blood from the juvenile, were given to researcher Bart Cutino, who intentionally kept them from Ketchum out of suspicion and is initiating testing on them now.

Due to an unexpected phone call by Dr. Ketchum in January of 2012 in which several witnesses were present with Justin, including his wife, according to Justin, Melba Ketchum made suggestions and statements with intent to both defraud the financier of her study, Wally Hersom and to destroy the rest of Justin's sample with a Clorox bleach recipe, if he wouldn't provide her with the rest of it because labs would not get the same results as she if he tested elsewhere.

It was Dr. Ketchum's words of intent that made Justin begin to question his sample and along with researchers Bart Cutino and Tyler Huggins, they got the tissue sample tested independently at two other labs and shared those results publicly as promised when there was a major conflict with Dr. Ketchum's results.

When the results came back black bear with Justin's contamination from the Canadian lab, the Ketchum camp and researcher/supporter David Paulides went into damage control, radically accusing Justin of sabotaging himself by switching samples to protect himself from prosecution for his actions. The accusations from Ketchum continue to fly as recently as last week when she insinuated on Coast to Coast with George Knapp that the submitters to those labs (Bart & Tyler) were worried the tissue wasn't from an "ape" and that people in general are concerned and desperate with her "human" results in bigfoot dna.

Breaking his silence, Justin talks about that phone call and the shocking claims made by Dr. Melba Ketchum in detail. He also addresses the ridiculous accusations leveled at him by Ketchum and her camp and reassures everyone of what exactly he shot that day in 2010 and what lies ahead for him in research with the Sierras Evidence Initiative and the upcoming documentary by Ro Sahebi, which tells the whole ongoing Sierra Kills saga. Sierra SiteProjecthttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-59380234071107811402013-02-16T11:50:00.004-08:002013-02-23T21:10:00.515-08:0010 Protocols for Proceeding with Testing of Physical Evidence by Tyler Huggins

1. Find the best preservative measures available for your particular evidence. Since sizes and types of evidence will require different manners of storage, you'll need to do your homework. Generally speaking, a freezer, and some sort of preservative buffer or alcohol will be your best bet. (It's not just an urban myth – Everclear really is a good choice for this.)

2. If you have gained your evidence second-hand (someone has provided it to you):

a. Record the encounter/statement with a recorder, not just pen and paper.
b. Arrange a polygraph for the witness . No sense proceeding if you may be being lied to. If your witness is telling the truth, they won't object.
3. If there is a story of an encounter to go with the evidence, arrange for a sketch artist AS SOON AS POSSIBLE, to make sure that details of the event and the subjects are captured when they are most clear.

4. Heavily research the potential labs you plan to use - be very clear on the particular set of expertise that the intended lab has. For example, just because a lab does "genetic testing", that does not necessarily mean they will have the forensic expertise that you may need for dealing with contamination, degradation, novel DNA, etc. (They may only perform paternity tests). For the lab's conclusions to hold water, you will need people with the right credentials.

5. *Make sure you retain the rights to your evidence. The labs are your hired technicians, not the owners of your evidence. If they want you to sign over the rights, find another lab. Even if a respected researcher assures you that such capitulation is necessary, get a second, informed opinion before committing. You don't have to make your decision in the moment (feel free to contact me).

6. Right at the outset of the relationship, come to agreement with the lab regarding what sort of manner and interval will be acceptable for update communication about your sample. You are likely to be in for a rather drawn out effort, and communication degrades overtime – this can lead to much frustration if everyone is not on the same page. This can result in loss of motivation, which tends to compromise results and/or timelines (It's human nature to look for the expedient way out of something that has become onerous).

7. Listen to the advice of your lab, but ensure you retain the right to approve each expenditure/test they perform. You may know things that would render some efforts completely unnecessary. You may be able to save effort for the lab, cash for yourself, and time for the undertaking.

8. Look at the most efficient path to accurate, conclusive answers for your evidence.

a. For instance, if the evidence garners a "human" test result, immediately test potential contamination sources. Check your chain of custody to see what humans could have handled it, and test their DNA against the DNA found in the sample. Don't spend time and money on further testing until contamination sources have been vetted.
9. Don't be afraid to challenge the lab if some things don't add up, but in the end, be prepared to accept answers that you don't want to hear when the evidence is incontrovertible.

10. Be aware of this fact: Real in-depth testing of a novel sample (whole genome sequencing for instance) will at some point take a dedicated team of highly credentialed scientists. You are unlikely to be able to come to the sort of conclusions we all hope for, with just a contracted lab. However, they are likely to be a necessary first step, as their results can provide a sound basis for high-level teams getting involved. Sierra SiteProjecthttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-56382352859487389912012-12-26T01:13:00.000-08:002012-12-26T01:13:44.027-08:00Results of Forensic Testing on Reputed Sasquatch (Sierra Kills) Tissue Samples Recovered by Justin Smeja

Click Here to Download Full DNA findings report

Tyler Huggins' statement:
On October 8, 2010, Justin Smeja and a friend claim to have encountered three animals with characteristics that match typical eyewitness descriptions of Bigfoots or Sasquatch. Smeja claims to have shot two of the three subjects. Numerous lines of reasoning and corroborating evidence have caused me to believe him (http://bigfootevidence.blogspot.ca/2012/08/tyler-huggins-why-i-believed-justin.html). Smeja claims to have left the site with neither a body nor physical evidence of what he had shot, but a few weeks later he was compelled to return to the site in an effort to retrieve evidence of his claims. The landscape of the site had changed appreciably due to abundant snowfall and change of season, but at the location where they felt one of the animals had expired, Smeja and friend recovered a substantial amount of tissue with hair attached. They were very confident that characteristics of the recovered hide scrap matched the animal that Smeja shot. Smeja then submitted some of this tissue to Dr. Melba Ketchum through Derek Randles, and in a separate undertaking, provided samples to me (Tyler Huggins) and then to Bart Cutino.(1)

In April of 2012, I contracted one of Canada's most respected forensic DNA labs at Trent University to determine the samples' species of origin.(2) Director Dr. Bradley White (Canada Research Chair in Genetics), who has authored papers related to both human and non-human mammalian genomes, became personally involved in the efforts to genetically identify the tissue, and was very indulgent of my questions and challenges to his lab's work. My hope was for the results to indicate that the tissue came from an uncatalogued primate (including potential hominids). In November 2012, after a prolonged effort and after withstanding my many challenges to their conclusions (as well as challenges from many other concerned parties, including Justin Smeja), Trent University provided me with their final report. (Between these two dates, there are volumes of data and dialogue which we are attempting to make available for public consideration). Bart Cutino's American lab has now corroborated Trent University's results, and we are finally ready to make a statement regarding the data.

Each lab independently identified only two contributors (the presence of DNA from only two animals). They identified the primary contributor as Ursus americanus (Black Bear), and the secondary contributor as Homo sapiens (Human). Download full report here.

When forensic results indicate the presence of 'human-looking' DNA, the first thing to do is to test the "chain of custody" – in other words, compare the human DNA of the sample against the DNA of all humans who have handled the sample. As the submitter, Justin Smeja would logically be first on that list. We subsequently obtained and compared Smeja's own DNA against that of the human DNA found in the sample.

*The only human DNA present in the sample was found to be a match for Justin Smeja's own DNA.(3)

It should be noted that Trent University was able to obtain only mitochondrial DNA from the human contribution in the sample. Apparently the human DNA in the sample came from a source that does not provide much nuclear (genomic) DNA (nDNA), or it was too degraded or too scant to provide viable nDNA.(4) As such, the lab was able to compare only the mitochondrial DNA (mDNA) of the tissue sample to that of Justin Smeja. Smeja's mDNA showed no divergence from any of the 423bp that were compared against the mDNA present in the sample. While the mDNA of the technician working on the sample was also tested and did show divergence from the mDNA of the sample, this test is not precise enough to conclusively rule out every other human as a potential source for the contaminant human DNA that was present in the sample. Fortunately, the work done by the American lab that Bart Cutino contracted was able to provide augmenting data that makes us very confident (though very disappointed) that the only human DNA present in the tissue sample is in fact that of Justin Smeja.(5)

As disappointing as this is, we must keep a few points in mind:

There are many strong reasons to believe Smeja's account other than just the expectations surrounding this tissue (including a passed polygraph that established a pristine absence of any deceit). (http://bigfootevidence.blogspot.ca/2012/08/tyler-huggins-why-i-believed-justin.html)

We knew from the start that this tissue may not have originated from the subjects he claims to have shot. No claims were ever made about this tissue other than that it seemed to be good circumstantial evidence.

Bart Cutino is in possession of boots from Justin Smeja, which Smeja claims one of the animals bled onto after he shot it. This boot evidence then, is direct and not circumstantial. We will be pursuing testing of these boots. However, these boots have been exposed to contamination from other animals and Justin himself. Additionally, the boots were exposed to the elements for many months, so degradation is sure to add complexity to any efforts at DNA retrieval. Once we are confident of the best lab to perform this work, and once we are confident that testing methods are advanced enough to give us optimal chances of identifying all DNA present, those efforts can begin. This undertaking may be a "one-shot" affair, so we need to get it right the first time.

I would like to thank the following people for their support and efforts in so many different ways:
Justin Smeja, Gary Cronin and Bart Cutino. Dr. Bradley White, Tasnova Khan and Dr. Martyn Obbard of Trent University. Additional input was provided by Ken Walker, Dr. D. Jeffrey Meldrum, John Green, Dr. Henner Fahrenbach, Dr. Craig Newton, Wally Hersom, Todd Prescott and others.

Tyler Huggins

(1) In a polygraph which showed absolutely no evidence of deceit, Smeja has asserted that the samples I received from him originate from the exact same source (the same piece of hide and flesh) as the samples he provided to Melba Ketchum.

(2) I also sought opinions regarding the morphology of the hair on the sample, from three knowledgeable PhD's. While opinions derived from visual hair analysis have some subjective elements, several characteristics caused all three analysts to conclude that this hair was not consistent with primate hair. Dr. D. Jeffrey Meldrum will be providing a more thorough hair analysis report soon.

(3) To Smeja's knowledge, Ketchum has none of Smeja's own DNA to use as a control sample to compare against in order to rule him out as the source of the human DNA which she claims is present in her samples.

(4) Tissue, blood, bone, saliva, hair and sweat all have differing ratios of mDNA and nDNA. Additionally, nDNA is typically less abundant and is therefore less readily available in samples where degradation has occurred.

(5) Melba Ketchum claims that the tissue recovered and submitted to her by Justin Smeja is from a Sasquatch and that this animal is in fact genetically "human" in almost every sense of the word. Our labs achieved species identification for only the samples that Smeja submitted to our team. While Smeja claims (and has confirmed under a polygraph) that the samples he provided to Melba Ketchum are the same as the samples he provided to us, Ketchum disputes this and asserts that her samples are visually distinct from ours. The Ketchum team has expressed concern about our results and their subsequent release. In an effort to avoid any confusion for the general public, the scientific community and/or the "Bigfoot/Sasquatch community", I complied with requests to consider any sort of alleged contrary evidence from the Ketchum camp that could cast doubt on the results of our labs, prior to releasing our data. After weeks of opportunity and requests, Ketchum has provided no such evidence (outside of personal assurances), nor any corroborating statements from any other scientific source allegedly involved in her study.

Bart Cutino's Statement:
From the beginning, our objective and responsibility to the public, fellow researchers, the hunter/submitters and frankly, ourselves, was to independently contract multiple labs to screen the Sierras tissue sample as a precautionary measure and hopefully rule out "all" potential North American mammalian candidate contributors. What precipitated a sense of urgency in us independently vetting this sample was largely due to a private exchange about a year ago between Justin Smeja and Dr. Melba Ketchum (overheard by multiple persons), resulting in an immediate distrust of Dr. Ketchum from Justin's standpoint. In addition to our concerns from that event, we decided to document this process with the intention of providing full transparency to set an example for other amateur researchers and provide them a roadmap to navigate and expedite the diagnostic process when working with labs they contract in the future. Those who take the time to read the email communications we'll be providing in the coming weeks, will see a very sophisticated and often frustrating process, as it unfolded. Initially our plan was to receive final determinations on both the circumstantial (tissue) and non-circumstantial (boots) evidence of the Sierras shooting event before sharing anything publicly; however, due to the nature of the current findings on this tissue, as well as the length of time this first phase took, we all agreed (myself, Tyler and Justin) it was imperative to immediately disclose this information to the public before testing of the boots is even initiated.

It's important to note as well, that it's not our job as amateur researchers to provide in-depth interpretations of the final determinations put forth by both lab directors as we appropriately defer to their expertise and accept their findings, which appear very clear and definitive. From a personal standpoint, to state there's some disappointment on our end (Tyler and myself) with respect to the final lab determinations is an understatement, especially when you consider some of the initial and periodic, intriguing "difficulties" (if you will) encountered and documented by Trent University in their thorough examinations of the tissue over the course of many months. However, when you consider the timing (tissue found almost a full 5 weeks after purported shooting), the odd exchange with Dr. Ketchum reported to us by Justin, coupled with the recognition state of the tissue when collected and even, admitted uncertainty of origin by the hunters/submitters themselves (who never claimed the tissue was from the subject shot, just that they suspected it was), we had very tempered and realistic expectations going in and that is reflected in both our communications internally as well as my public statements of caution throughout the last year with respect to the bigfoot community. It's also important to remember as well that the hunters were unable to confirm, that the larger subject shot (which they suspected was a likely tissue match) was actually deceased as the last contact was about a minute after shooting impact when they heard a subsequent large, powerful "crash" uphill (60-70 yards estimated from location of purported tissue find 5 weeks later) in dense secondary growth.

Unfortunately, due to definitive evidential claims with respect to this tissue sample made by other parties without visible substantiation, the "circumstantial" aspect of this particular piece of evidence has unfortunately been lost on many persons following this claimed shooting event. The only "non-circumstantial" evidence collected from this event to potentially corroborate it as described by those involved, are the boots worn by Smeja that day that "may," contain a significant amount of blood from the juvenile subject shot. The boots have been in my custody since August 2011 and are being appropriately stored until we undertake processing and should not be considered as transient evidence (further degradation extremely unlikely). There's been multiple reasons and circumstances for the delay in testing them, especially and including a significant anticipated expense, which Tyler and myself will be absorbing personally at this point, unless circumstances change. It should be noted that because the boots were worn several times after the shooting, environmental contamination and mold degradation is a likely reality that will have to be contended with by the eventual testing lab/facility. We also believe we're only going to get one good attempt for successful processing, but are confident there's a viable and realistic opportunity from a forensic standpoint considering the leather material the boots are comprised of and the degree of saturation (blood) described by Smeja.

In about two weeks, we'll receive and share a final lab report from the second North American (Mid-West) lab I contracted which processed both the salted piece of tissue, and another unsalted frozen piece of Sierras tissue (for second opinion identification and comparison purposes).

I want to thank my partner, Canadian researcher Tyler Huggins, for all his work as the diagnostic liason with Trent University of Ontario, Canada, as you'll see through the email communications we'll be providing soon (current consolidation), he spent a significant amount of time and effort doing a "yeoman's" job quarterbacking the communications with that institution.

Bart Cutino

To join in the discussion and ask questions on this report, visit:
http://s2.excoboard.com/BFRO/124725/2382081Sierra SiteProjecthttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-40824484744038788042012-12-02T00:38:00.001-08:002012-12-02T09:43:23.162-08:00Bigfoot Evidence: Bart Cutino of Sierras Evidence Initiative shares thoughts on Ketchum and her press release

Bigfoot Evidence: Bart Cutino of Our Sierras Evidence Initiative shares his thoughts on Ketchum and her press release: As I get inundated with emails from family and friends who are mildly intrigued by the bigfoot phenomenon and mean well, congratulating me on the recent DNA press release (unfortunately picked up by the AP) I almost don't know where to begin in explaining to them just how intimately familiar I am with what's being proclaimed (without any substantiation) and by whom.
For now, due to time considerations and trying to complete the written analysis on what little time I do have so I can release the recent thermal footage I obtained in the Sierras in late August, I'm admittedly giving a very simple and canned answer:

"I know exactly what's happening, (have known for two years) know most of those who submitted samples in good faith and especially who funded the study (a special man & friend with the most honorable of intentions). But FYI, I have zero confidence in the purported study and believe the person running around announcing it publicly without any confirming data, has zero credibility. Don't expect anything to come of this, including and especially an authenticated "paper" with replicable data."

I'll explain more later.

Thanks

Bart

Why am I so firmly negative about what could be the "smoking gun" of a lifelong passionate pursuit you might ask? Because for starters you're asking the scientific establishment and the general public to accept the most improbable species (by perception with respect to viability) without a physical specimen; a tremendous ladder to climb. That's not the problem however, that's just stating the obvious. The problem is that the person climbing that ladder, rather you or I like it or not, by her decision to go public against her supposed own rules, is now representing all of us and happens to believe the biological species we pursue also happens to be fallen angels, has the ability to speak to her through her mind, suddenly frequents her property (only since her work began, mind you), braids the hair of her horses and essentially have thankfully allowed and even encouraged her to move forward in her work. Without having passed peer review, she's demanding constitutional rights and protection now for an unrecognized species she's drawing attention to…. by attempting to recognize them? Or… maybe she's really not and just attempting to make us all believe she is?

I want to remind everybody, come hell or high water, the completed lab reports we expect to receive soon, are going to be shared as promised several months ago (when complete) by us in addition to all email communications through process and recommended protocols from our trials and errors (written by Tyler) which will not only be informative, but also serve as a roadmap for researchers to efficiently expedite and navigate the diagnostic process with contracted labs in the future. "If" those final determinations, which were performed by lab directors with impeccable resumes and reputations, don't happen to mirror Melba Ketchum's findings (if we ever see them and they even exist) confirming the Sierra's tissue as the human hybrid she claims, I suspect we're going to have a little problem. Since Ketchum decided to go public without her results being appropriately validated through the peer review process, it will be her burden to justify and answer for any deviations that could potentially turn up in those findings.

Of course we'd hope she's right, but we're not holding our breath based on her unprofessional behavior and lack of ethics through the entire process while many have anxiously waited for something substantial that was promised, including many with blind faith, emotional investment and optimism. What precipitated us unilaterally and independently testing around her for attempted unbiased examination in the first place was our lack of confidence in her from the beginning and her purported study (supposedly outsourced to multiple university labs) in which I have even less confidence now than when I began investigating this incident in July 2011. Just for the record, and as all my peers in this field can attest, I had no confidence in her when I began.

If her study results are eventually authenticated through the appropriate scientific channels, as passionate as I am, I'd be admittedly thrilled to see us one major hurdle closer to discovery and species recognition and she'll deserve her own recognition for that accomplishment. After all, our intentions were never to discredit her but get the truth and share it, in a perfect world and personal feelings aside, we'd help substantiate her work and everybody wins. I'll also be relieved and happy for those who worked with her in good faith and provided great samples (they put in a lot of work to obtain). However, the last thing I will be is regretful of never having been supportive of her, as I believe when we make decisions, the best any of us can do is take the information we're privy to, assess it diligently and then react appropriately. No honest, rational person unwilling to compromise their principals would walk in my shoes the last year knowing what I do and not proceed exactly the way I'm proud to say we have… with extreme caution and commitment for the truth and not seduced by the ultimate prize or promise.

When final lab reports are received and both Tyler and I complete our summaries, we'll announce it here through Shawn and you'll be able to access everything (lab reports, emails, protocols etc…) on our newly formed, Sierras Evidence Initiative team site (www.sierrasiteproject.com).

http://bigfootevidence.blogspot.com/2012/12/bart-cutino-of-our-sierras-evidence.html#moretopSierra SiteProjecthttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-35598750332746636482012-10-22T14:56:00.001-07:002012-10-22T14:57:39.262-07:00Official Statement From Bart Cutino Regarding New ...

Bigfoot Evidence: Official Statement From Bart Cutino Regarding New ...: Editor's Note: This is a guest post by CA-BFRO Researcher, Bart Cutino. He is an unabashed, unapologetic member of The Bigfoot Resea...Sierra SiteProjecthttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-68126574248918307022012-09-24T20:17:00.003-07:002012-09-24T20:17:46.067-07:00Bigfoot News | Bigfoot Lunch Club: Bigfoot Killer Passes Lie Detector Test. What Does...

Bigfoot News | Bigfoot Lunch Club: Bigfoot Killer Passes Lie Detector Test. What Does...: Justin Smeja passed a polygraph test Justin Smeja claims to have killed Bigfoot. He recently passed a lie detector test, or more prope...

Sierra SiteProjecthttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-91862470620941243732012-07-27T02:40:00.000-07:002012-09-24T19:52:06.846-07:00"I Killed Bigfoot" - Free Documentary
A conversation with Justin Smeja (FREE Movie)

Produced by Bigfoot Evidence Blog and TheBigfootReport.com

Sierra SiteProjecthttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-91200490276006019742012-07-27T02:39:00.001-07:002012-09-24T19:48:22.158-07:00More Samples Off To OxfordJust packed up and shipped off Sierra samples to geneticist Bryan Sykes of the University of Oxford and the Lausanne Museum of Zoology.

Learn more about his highly anticipated study:
http://news.discovery.com/animals/big-foot-genetic-testing-120522.htmlSierra SiteProjecthttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-13931481743246664972012-07-26T22:32:00.001-07:002012-07-27T00:20:32.154-07:00The Bigfoot Report: Justin Smeja defends his story on EXTINCT #18The Bigfoot Report: Justin Smeja defends his story on EXTINCT #18: It's been an busy week here with the release of I KILLED BIGFOOT . Justin pops into the EXTINCT Podcast to defend his claims made in the mov...Sierra SiteProjecthttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-78607006764792550.post-4341329976794259472012-07-26T22:31:00.001-07:002012-07-27T00:20:45.531-07:00Bigfoot Evidence: Justin Smeja Gets Grilled By Sasquatch ScoopBigfoot Evidence: Justin Smeja Gets Grilled By Sasquatch Scoop: In this interview, Steve Sasquatch Scoop sent some questions to Justin Smeja and asked him to answer some lingering questions from his re...Sierra SiteProjecthttps://email@example.com


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Fashion Bed Group Dynasty Metal Headboard
Full Size
Queen Size
King Size
Fashion Bed Group Dynasty Metal Headboard
Weights & Dimensions
Full Size
Queen Size
King Size
Additional Weights & Dimensions
|Size: Full; King; Queen
|Headboard Design: Metal
|Finish: Autumn Brown
|Hardware Finish: Autumn Brown
|Distressed: No
|Frame Material: Metal
|Powder Coated Finish: Yes
|Non Toxic: Yes
|Lighting Included: No
|Wall Mounted: No
|Finished Back: Yes
|Hidden Storage: No
|Frame Required: Yes
|Drill Holes for Frame: Yes
|Eco-Friendly: No
|Product Care: Wipe with a clean, damp cloth
|Country of Manufacture: China
|Assembly Required: Yes
|Additional Parts Required: No
|Product Warranty: 10 Years
|CPSIA or CPSC Compliant: Yes
|ISTA 3A Certified: Yes
|General Conformity Certificate: Yes
About the ManufacturerFashion Bed Group is the largest and most innovative supplier of fashion beds, daybeds, futons, bunk beds, bed frames, and bedding support products in North America today.
Its beds are manufactured of genuine brass, plated brass, cast zinc, cast aluminum, steel, iron, wood, wicker and rattan.
Fashion Bed Group Dynasty Metal Headboard
Questions & Answers (10)
"Hello, does the headboard come with a bed frame?" asked by Michelle
"Hello, will the full size frame fit a queen size bed?" asked by Scott
"Hi, what are the dimensions of the king headboard?" asked by Sally
"Hi, does the height of this headboard differ for various sizes or is it the same?" asked by Fransisca
"Hi, will this headboard fit FBG bed frame?" asked by Junior
"Hi, does this headboard include the mounting hardware?" asked by Judi
"Hi, can the headboard function as a footboard?" asked by Hifat
"Hi, can the headboard fit in standard bed frames?" asked by Laura
"Hi, this headboard will work with what type of bed frame?" asked by Christiana
"What color is the headboard?" asked by Chem
Still have questions about this product? We're here to help
Customer Reviews
|5 star
|4 star
|3 star
|2 star
|1 star
Customer Photos
Better Than Pictured
Barbara from Sevierville, TN – Verified Buyer
The headboard was exactly as described. I was really pleased with it. There were no problems with the installation and I plan on enjoying it for quite a while.
Lovely headboard
Kim from Pahrump, NV
This is a beautiful headboard! I was surprised at the quality and weight of this product. It is faux painted to look like aged bronze. Sturdy,heavy gauge metal frame. I'm super happy . It arrived as promised and the set up was easy enough, although I'm not kidding that this is a heavy head board. It is probably a two person job.
amazing value
veronica from East Windsor, NJ
This headboard was a surprise. I purchased it for a guest room but it looked so nice I put it in master. I was really happy with the price from the beginning but when I saw the quality I was blown away. Had a little issue that was my fault when ordering and customer service got back to me immediately with a very pleasant answer. Shipping was also excellent. Best site I have seen in a long time.....have already ordered from them again.
Home Designer
Judy from Canton, MI – Verified Buyer
Looks great need to consider the frame you will be attaching since many steel bed frames have slightly different headboard hole alignments. We could only align one bolt and used nylon zip-ties to hep fasten the walmart mainstays steel frame where the bolt holds didn't align.
supper great
Gail from Bessemer City, NC – Verified Buyer
my headborad was deliverd quickly easy to put togetherand I love it ,it is so nice well made not cheap looking.and at a fair price.
All items I have purchased have matched their descriptions.
Margot from Oakhurst, CA – Verified Buyer
I have been exceptionally satisfied with all the products I have purchased. They have been delivered quickly and at the door. All items so far have been of good quality. Keep it up Wayfair! The baby furniture was above and the beyond the quality I expected. It definitely exceeded my expectations! My head board was good. The only thing I would change is the way it connects, so that it doesn't hit against the wall when you lean against it. I used a cloth tape on the ornament on the top & back of the backboard, so it doesn't show. That works!
L from AZ
I am very happy with this headboard. It is working out very well for me. The size and the quality are both great and exactly what I was expecting.
Easy assembly and terrifically sturdy!
Debra Skowron from Frankfort, IL – Verified Buyer
The headboard is terrific. It fit our frame and was not only easy to assemble my husband said but also he was very impressed by the strength of the headboard. IM thrilled and I continue to purchase from your company. Thanks, Debi Skowron
Ms. Gwen Depaz
Gwen from Long Beach, CA – Verified Buyer
Having wanting a headboard for many years when I saw this on your web-site I just had to have it. It is made with quality metal and the beautiful design definitely makes a statement. It is perfect for my master bedroom. I recommend this headboard for you too will have this for years to come! Great craftmanship, quality product, perfect price1
Exceeded My Expectations!
Sheryl from Crossville, TN – Verified Buyer
Completed look going for in small guest room. I am still skeptical about ordering large pieces of furniture or artwork on line. My husband even commented about the finish and quality of details & finish. Pros: Heavier that I expected and doesn't wobble as being used as headboard only. Cons: Took a few minutes to fully understand assembly since headboard only, but went together easily after that.
OUR SKU # FB1647Dynasty Metal Headboard is also sometimes listed under the following manufacturer numbers: B95N54, B95N55, B95N56


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In This Section
Journal Forum
Clean Audio for TV broadcast: An Object-Based Approach for Hearing-Impaired Viewers - April 2015
1 comment
Audibility of a CD-Standard A/DA/A Loop Inserted into High-Resolution Audio Playback - September 2007
13 comments
Sound Board: Food for Thought, Aesthetics in Orchestra Recording - April 2015
2 comments
AES Journal Forum
Practical Implementation of Personal Audio in a Mobile Device
When a loudspeaker of a mobile device is used in a public space, the side effects are the lack of personal privacy and annoying other people. There is, therefore, a need to reduce radiated power while preserving the sound pressure at the listener's ears. Superdirective beamforming is one approach. A finite-element (FE) model of the two-source line array positioned on the mobile phone-sized baffle is defined and then used to investigate the effect of a finite-sized baffle on the directional pattern of the piston sources. Based on these results, a two-source personal audio system was implemented in real-time, and the results validated the predictions of the FE model. At frequencies where accurate transfer response measurements are achievable, the personal audio system performs as predicted by offline simulations.
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Bust of the greek statesman Pericles isolated on white with clipping path
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Tagsagreement agriculture building materials closure COGAT construction construction materials Coordinator of Government Activities in the Territories Criteria crossings economy education Egypt electricity Erez crossing export fishing flotilla foreign ministry freedom of information fuel Gaza gaza strip goods Hamas humanitarian aid industrial diesel industry infrastructure Israel Karni Kerem Shalom Palestinian authority power plant Protective Edge Rafah Rafah Crossing raw materials school students tunnels UN unemployment UNRWA West Bank
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Category Archives: Movement of people into Gaza
Restricting movement, dividing a people
A lot has changed since the Israeli navy intercepted the Mavi Marmara in 2010, but one basic tenet has remained in the policy on Gaza – separation between the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. A new position paper analyzes the policy, the damage it has done, and its legality. Continue reading
Pressing play on a paused economy
In November 2014, Israel canceled the sweeping ban on sale of Gaza-made and grown goods in the West Bank. Against this backdrop, we gathered leading figures in five manufacturing sectors in Gaza in order to hear from them about the obstacles they face on the way to realizing their potential and about their hope for a better future. Continue reading
Is getting a timely response too much to ask?
Once in a while decisions are made that manage to surprise even us. This time, the authorities decided that they can respond to requests to travel from Gaza whenever they feel like it, even long after the requests are no longer relevant Continue reading
Gaza Access and Movement: 2014 Summary
The last year was one of the most difficult that Palestinian residents of Gaza have seen. Were there also flickers of hope for a fundamental change to the closure policy? The year in summary. Continue reading
How long before protocol written in gibberish is removed from an official army website?
COGAT website publishes an Arabic translation of the criteria for Palestinian travel in the occupied Palestinian territory. The protocol is the ugly face of the occupation. Continue reading
Former defense minister gives the reason for the closure: "Inertia"
In a talk given at an Institute for National Security Studies conference, former deputy prime minister, Dan Meridor, recounted what happened when he asked once what exactly was behind the closure policy. Continue reading
Due to rocket fire
Until recently, Palestinians could get a permit to travel from Gaza if they had a tragedy or a wedding in the family. Today, even this is all but impossible. Why? Continue reading
Tilbani and the biscuit factory
The strange story of a shipment of biscuits that made the long journey from Gaza to Italy in search of the right packaging Continue reading
Cold comfort
The siblings of a recently widowed woman cannot visit her because they're in the West Bank and she's in Gaza – separated by travel criteria Continue reading
Posted in Movement of people into Gaza Leave a comment


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(HealthDay News) -- Heat exhaustion may affect people who spend hours in the sun or very hot weather without drinking enough fluids.
Symptoms of heat exhaustion may include heavy sweating, pale skin, muscle cramps, fatigue and weakness, dizziness, headache, nausea or fainting.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggests how to cool down when you have symptoms of heat exhaustion:


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For The Record
The Hesston Wahoos hung on to their first undefeated season in at least 10 years Saturday after a meet at the home pool.
Hesston scored 651 points to hold of rival teams Lindsborg at 550 and Marion at 196. Swimming in their last home meet were 18-year-olds Austin Bollinger, Courtney Rehmert and Emily Hershberger and Titus Ewert. All four swimmers will age out this season. They combined for 83 points on the day, including relays they anchored.
In addition, the team set five new Hesston records this week. Individually, Brayden Schilling, 11, broke his own 50-yard breaststroke time of 44.24 seconds set early this season with a 44.12 swim. Kirsten Hiebert, 17, narrowly bested her own 50 breaststroke time at 37.11. She had set the previous record of 37.13 in 2013.
Schilling was also part of the 11-12 freestyle relay team that broke a record that had been on the books since 1998. The old record of 2:20.38 was held by Mark Matzek, Mitch Mason, Clint Ediger and AJ Goertzen. Schilling was joined by fellow swimmers Jackson Copeland, 10, Oliver Krehbiel, 12, and Wilson Eustace, 11, to set the new time at 2:19.87 as well as place first in the event over Lindsborg.
Brielle Copeland, 8, Angela Ewert, 7, Abby Proctor, 8, and Sarah Van Bergeijk, 8, combined once again in the 8-and-younger relays to set not one, but two new Hesston records on Saturday. In the 100-yard medley relay, they bested their own record set three weeks ago in Hesston by a full second for a new record of 1:43.62. They literally blew the other teams out of the water as they finished 30 seconds before the other teams. In the freestyle relay they posted a time of 1:32.76, nearly 20 seconds faster than the second-place team. Their time knocked off the record set in 2009 at 1:33.97 by Jada Mininger and current swimmers Addison Schroeder, Rachel Teeter and Rylie Schilling.
The 13-14 girls nearly had a shut out as they allowed only one first-place finish by another team on Saturday in eight races. In the 100-yard individual freestyle, Rylie Schilling, Katie Stucky and Ally Weaver locked all other teams out by finishing first through third respectively. Addi Schroeder, Schilling and Stucky accomplished the feat again in the 50 freestyle.
More than 60 Hesston swimmers will travel July 11 to Council Grove to compete at the league meet. There they will face off against Abilene, Council Grove, Herington, Hillsboro, Lindsborg, Marion, Peabody and Solomon. Last year, Hesston placed third behind Hillsboro and Lindsborg for its best showing since 2008.


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Originally written on Fox Sports | Last updated 5/22/12
Heading into Tuesday night's crucial Game 5 of the Eastern Conference Semi-finals, Miami Heat stars LeBron James and Dwyane Wade lashed out at Pacers forward Danny Granger over his "tough guy" tactics and vowed they would not be baited into a fight. Granger, who leads Indiana with 18 points per game in the playoffs, has been hit with technical fouls in the past three games, repeatedly getting in the face of James and Wade throughout the series. Granger has drawn the defensive assignment on James for most of the four games but was torched in Sunday's Heat win as the league MVP put up 40 points, 18 rebounds and nine assists. As the series shifts back to Miami tied at two games apiece, James taunted Granger, calling his strategy "stupid" and adding, "whatever he's trying, it is not working." With Miami already missing power forward Chris Bosh for the past three games, James made clear he will not retaliate against the 29-year-old Granger. "Nobody is fighting on the basketball cour...
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Angelo J. Bufalino, 82, of Pittston, passed away Tuesday, April 9, 2013, in Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical Center, Plains Township, surrounded by his family.
Born in Pittston on Dec. 21, 1930, he was the son of the late Joseph and Grace Asaro Bufalino.
He was a graduate of Pittston High School and served in the U.S. Army during the
Korean Conflict
He operated dress factories and cutting rooms in the area garment industry. He was a member of St. Joseph Marello Parish, Pittston.
He was avid walker with his close friends and he enjoyed his daily visits to DeLuca's Music Store. He also enjoyed his Sunday dinners with his family. He was a loving father, grandfather, great-grandfather, brother and uncle, and will be truly missed by all who knew him.
In addition to his parents, he was preceded in death by his wife of 54 years, Margaret Plisko Bufalino, in 2007; a grandson, Joseph Bufalino, in 2007; and a brother, Lawrence Bufalino.
Surviving are his son, Joseph Bufalino, and his wife, Karen, Falls; daughter, Joanne Bufalino, Plains; grandchildren Angelo Bufalino; Christina Bufalino-Rittenhouse and her husband, Lloyd, and Gabriella Bufalino; a great-grandson, Lloyd Rittenhouse III; sisters, Sally Lombardozzi, Toms River, N.J.; Mary Jo DiLeo and her husband, Joseph, Pittston; Grace Hassey and her husband, Tony, West Pittston; and numerous nieces, nephews and cousins.
Funeral services will be Saturday, April 13, at 9 a.m. from the Peter J. Adonizio Funeral Home, 251 William St., Pittston, with a Mass of Christian Burial at 9:30 a.m. in St. Joseph Marello Parish, 237 William St., Pittston. Interment will be in St. John the Baptist Cemetery, Exeter. Friends may call Friday, April 12, from 5 to 8 p.m. at the funeral home. Online condolences may be made at
Published in Times Leader on Apr. 11, 2013
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i had an old vic 20 at one time
i had an old vic 20 at one time
my very first computer is listed there! :-)
its funny cause the site is down
Remember, these old machines were once stat of the art.
What an interesting site. Memories..
I had a old 1968 vic20 it was all on tape programs...:-(
Obsolete yes, Vintage... not so much so. These dinosaurs had their time in the limelight, it's good not to be forgotten as long as I don't encounter them offline any time soon.
It's interesting to see the way that technology has progressed over the years. It makes me wonder what's coming next in the land of home computers.
My first use of a computer was in high school in about 1978 where we filled in dots on punch cards with a number two pencil, then handed the cards to a person who ran them through a computer about the size of an office desk. Then we were given a printout.
The first computer I owned was an Osborne 1 in about 1983. Looked just like this. Yes, that light gray area in the middle is the display. Three and one half inch diagonal monochrome. Each 5.25 inch disk could usefully hold up to 10 pages of text.
See. It was a portable.
Sniffle... I miss my Mac Classic!
Oh my beautiful old C16. How I loved you...
I've got a collection of retro machines too so it's nice to see some info online.
These computers are all in my basement. ;)
Hey, it's my good ole Apple II! Where did that thing go?
I have a obsolete computer museum of my own so I have always loved this site.


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The Lancaster Police Department says it's investigating an accident involving one of its police cruisers.
It happened around two a.m. on North Memorial Drive, near Union Street.
Sergeant Matt Chambers says another vehicle went left of center and struck the police cruiser head-on.
He says he's not sure if both drivers were taken to the hospital, but he did say the officer did sustain minor injuries.
The police cruiser did receive moderate to severe damage to the front...


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Server Launch!
AddedBy Endtimes on (2015-05-21)
Hi guys, Welcome to the new main site for Ascending Darkness, US & Oceanic dual timezone guild on the new progression server, Lockjaw!!
As you are all aware the game has launched and with a new launch comes new and exciting bugs! You would think after years of doing this they would have it mastered it.
As we all welcome you to our home and if you are considering on joining please hit up the forums but also keep an eye out on the website regarding recruitment. Many thanks to those who had helped regarding hosting, web design and maintaining the website in a whole. If you have any questions, please hit up our officer core. Guild Leaders Yukan - Shigouragu Officer Core Giustin - Aphrodiety - Trinculo - Rohnin – Actonup


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Long Beach has outpaced its sister port in Los Angeles for containerized volumes so far in 2015.
The two ocean carriers joined forces to launch a new service connecting Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia.
French ocean carrier will commence transatlantic operations on a new joint pendulum service with Hamburg Sud and UASC this month.
Transportation and port companies need to cooperate more, members of the Agriculture Transportation Coalition said at their annual meeting in San Francisco.
Canadian National, Canadian Pacific and Union Pacific railways have seen volumes drop 4 percent, 3 percent and 6 percent, respectively, so far in the second quarter.
The ever-increasing size of containerships has led a decrease in average number of containers moved per hour in port and, in turn, to increased vessel delays, according to a new JOC Port Productivity study from IHS Inc.