text:
Adolf Hitler
Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Company | ISBN 97838759839 |September 1998 | PDF | 1,1 MB | 368 Pages
Mein Kampf (English: My Struggle/My Battle) is a book by the German-Austrian Nazi dictator Adolf Hitler, which combines elements of autobiography with an exposition of Hitler's National Socialist political ideology. Volume 1 of Mein Kampf was published in 1925 and volume 2 in 1926.
Following the failed Beer Hall Putsch, Adolf Hitler went into hiding. However, he was arrested on November 11, 1923, was remanded, and, after a 24-day trial, found guilty of high treason and sentenced to five years imprisonment (of which the term was to be reduced by four months and two weeks for the time served in prison prior to and during the trial). Presiding Judge Neithhardt was convinced that Hitler and the other members of the Kampfbund had acted honorably, and Hitler was therefore eligible for parole in six months and also to be given the privilege of Festungshaft (imprisonment without penal labor). This permitted Hitler a steady flow of visitors and a desk in his cell.
Hitler was allocated Cell No. 11 of the Fortress Landsberg prison. A subsequent trial pertaining to the putsch saw HitlerˇŻs chauffeur Emil Maurice and close associate Rudolf Hess imprisoned for five years, though they too would be eligible for release in six months. During this time in prison, Hitler underwent something of an epiphany with regards to his use of violence: from now on everything was to be ostensibly legal.
Having chosen this new move, Hitler felt that he needed to make sure that the public knew what he stood for, so began to dictate a book to Hess and Maurice, part autobiography but also a political treatise. While imprisoned, HitlerˇŻs first often overlooked contribution to the literary world was released, a small 24-page self-written booklet entitled "What Happened On November 8?" aimed at clearing up confusion and rumor amidst both the party ranks and presumably some members of the public.
A poster shows that Hitler originally wanted to call his forthcoming book "Viereinhalb Jahre [des Kampfes] gegen L¨ąge, Dummheit und Feigheit" (Four and a Half Years [of Fighting] Against Lies, Stupidity and Cowardice). Hess is said to have suggested the much shorter "Mein Kampf" (often translated as ˇ°My Struggleˇ±, or "My Campaign"; its meaning could also be conveyed as ˇ°My Fightˇ±); this has also been attributed to Max Amann, HitlerˇŻs publisher.
Though Hitler had received many visitors earlier on, he soon devoted himself entirely to the writing (or rather the dictation) of the book. As Hitler continued, he realised that it would have to be a two-volume work, with the first volume scheduled for release in early 1925. The prison governor of Landsberg noted at the time that "he [Hitler] hopes the book will run into many editions, thus enabling him to fulfill his financial obligations and to defray the expenses incurred at the time of his trial."
Once released from prison on December 20, 1924, Hitler moved back to the picturesque mountainous climes of the Obersalzberg, to which he had been introduced by his mentor Dietrich Eckart, who had been at Landsberg with Hitler for a few weeks (imprisoned for eighteen months for his role in the putsch) before his health failed and he was released. By day, Hitler dictated his second volume of Mein Kampf to Eckart before sleeping, first at a room in the nearby Hotel Pension Moritz and later a rented cottage just a stoneˇŻs throw away from Haus Wachenfeld, over which he would later construct his Berghof as chancellor of Germany.
On July 15, 1925, Franz Eher Nachfolger, later to become the publishing house of the NSDAP, released Mein Kampf: Eine Abrechnung (A Retrospect) at a run of a mere 500 copies. Though by no means popular, people were said to have contacted Eher asking for a larger run, which resulted in the publication of a second edition of the first volume in mid-1926. The second volume, Die Nationalsozialistische Bewegung (The National Socialist Movement) was released in December 1926.
While Hitler was in power (1933¨C1945), Mein Kampf came to be available in three common editions. The first, the Volksausgabe (PeopleˇŻs Edition), featured the original cover on the dust jacket and was navy blue underneath with a gold swastika eagle embossed on the cover. The Hochzeitsausgabe (Wedding Edition), in a slipcase with the seal of the province embossed in gold onto a parchment-like cover was given free to marrying couples. In 1940, the Tornister-Ausgabe was released. This edition was a compact, but unabridged, version in a red cover and was released by the post office for parents and partners to send to loved ones at the front. These three editions contained both volumes one and two in the same book.
There was also a special edition published in 1939 in honor of Hitler's 50th birthday. This edition was known as the Jubiläumsausgabe (Anniversary Issue). It came in both dark blue and bright red boards with a gold sword on the cover. This work contained both volumes one and two. It was considered a deluxe version relative to the smaller and more common Volksausgabe.
The book could also be purchased as a two volume set during Hitler's time in power and was available in softcover and hardcover. The soft cover edition contained the original cover (as pictured at the top of this article). The hardcover edition had a leather spine with cloth covered boards. The cover and spine contained an image of three brown oak leaves.
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text:
A copy protection method and apparatus is provided to inhibit unauthorized viewing or copying of a video signal. A varying set of additional or invalid video pulses are generated onto a typical video signal. A pulse sequence identifier identifies the location of the invalid or additional pulses and is likewise generated onto the video signal prior to the occurrence of the identified pulses. The combined signal is received at an authorized display which then decodes or filters the additional or invalid portion of the video signal from the original signal according to a decode protocol stored in local memory. A resultant video output signal is guaranteed from only the original signal.
1. A method of processing a video signal from a computing device, the video signal including a first plurality of valid signal pulses, the method comprising the steps of:
generating a first plurality of invalid signal pulses onto the video signal; generating a
first pulse sequence identifier onto the video signal;
transmitting the video signal to a display device;
decoding the first pulse sequence identifier from the video signal to distinguish the first plurality of valid signal pulses and the first plurality of invalid signal pulses, and to determine the location of a second pulse sequence identifier embedded in the video signal; and
generating an output video signal from the video signal based on only the first plurality of valid signal pulses.
2. The method of
generating a second plurality of invalid signal pulses onto the video signal;
generating the second pulse sequence identifier onto the video signal;
decoding the second pulse sequence identifier from the video signal to distinguish the second plurality of valid signal pulses from the second plurality of invalid signal pulses; and
generating an output video signal from the transmitted video signal using only the second plurality of valid signal pulses.
3. The method of
4. The method of
5. The method of
6. The method of
polling the display device to determine if the display device includes a decode circuitry to perform the decoding step; and
enabling the decode circuitry to perform the decoding step if the display device includes the decode circuitry.
7. The method of
polling a video source to determine if the video signal is unprotected; and
disabling the generation of invalid signals if the video signal is unprotected.
8. The method of
9. The method of
10. The method of
polling the display device to determine if the display device is authorized to display the decoded video signal; and
disabling decoding if the display device is not authorized.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention generally relates to copy-protected video playback systems and more particularly to protection against unauthorized copying of video signals from computing devices.
2. Description of the Related Art
The Digital Video Disk (DVD) format gives consumers the ability to view exceptional quality video. In many instances, DVD players have replaced VHS players for home movie viewing. In addition, the DVD player functionality is now a feature of many of the personal computers (PCs) that are sold on the consumer market. This is a valuable feature that allows consumers to watch DVD movies on the PC.
Concurrently, video converters have also become available to allow consumers to use the standard TV as a monitor for PC. A combination of the PC DVD player along with video converter allows consumers to play video games and watch DVD movies using a large screen display. However, the DVD format also allows individuals to make near commercial-quality VHS recordings from any unprotected DVD program. The consumer is able to connect the output signal of the converter to the input of a VCR where the DVD signal may be recorded. Since the movie is stored digitally on a DVD disk, a high quality copy can be made of the movie.
As DVDs increase in resolution, movie studios have become increasingly concerned about consumers' ability to make high quality copy of movies. If widespread copying of DVD movies resulted, movie studios would be forced to stop releasing movies on DVD or delay the release of quality movies on DVD.
A number of techniques have been developed to address DVD copy protection. A watermarking process has been contemplated which permanently marks each digital video frame with background noise. Watermark signatures can be recognized by video playback and recording equipment to prevent copying. However placing a watermark signature directly on the video frame presents obvious video quality clarity issues. In addition, a watermarking process contemplates new players or other equipment to support watermarking. These issues, along with the difficult task of obtaining a common compatible standard agreeable among the principal commercial entities, pose significant hurdles to a watermarking solution.
Other non-destructive solutions, from the video signal standpoint, have been proposed. Digital Copy Protection Systems (DCPS) have been developed whereby the DVD player and a digital TV or a digital VCR exchange keys and identification certificates to establish secure channels. In addition, Content Scrambling Systems (CSS) have been proposed as a form of data encryption to discourage reading media files directly from the desk. Here again, encryption keys are exchanged so the video is decrypted before being displayed by the display device. Like the proposed watermarking solution, both of these other proposals require significant additional hardware (and cost) for movie copy protection. In addition, the CSS proposal contemplates a preliminary licensing requirement before any hardware may be implemented.
One approach to copy protection of video signals by Macrovision Corporation of Cupertino, Calif. involves inserting pseudo-synchronization pulses during the vertical blanking interval of video signals and varying the output levels. This confuses the fast phase locked loops (PLLs) and auto-gain controls (AGCs) used on recording devices but does not significantly affect the slower PLLs and AGCs used on televisions.
In a video system, processing of video signals is provided by a copy protection system to inhibit unauthorized viewing and copying of the video signal, such as from the PC DVD player. During a vertical blanking interval (VBI) portion of the video signal, a number of additional horizontal synchronization (H-sync) pulses are generated onto the video signal by a video graphics adapter (VGA). The resultant video signal comprises a set of original H-sync pulses that are output normally from the VGA and the additional H-sync pulses generated by the copy protection system's encoder. The encoder also generates an H-sync pulse identifier onto the video signal after the first H-sync pulse occurrence. The copy protection system's decoder uses a decoding table, provided in a memory of a decoder, and the H-sync pulse identifier to determine which of the following H-sync pulses are valid and which ones are added. Only the valid pulses are used to generate sync pulses for the display monitor.
Increased security is provided as the sequence of valid pulses is constantly changing through generation of successive sequences of additional synchronization pulses different from the preceding sequences. For each successive sequence of additional synchronization pulses, an associated sync pulse identifier is generated. The decoding table includes all of the potential synchronization pulse identifiers along with a matched identifier location to inform the decoder where to look for the next successive synchronization pulse identifier. After a specified number of identifiers have been generated, the process is reset and repeated.
Flexibility is provided through polling of both the encoder (the video source) and the decoder (receiving or display device) to determine if they are authorized devices. If the decoder is not an authorized device the encoder will not output the protected video signal. The copy protection system is enabled only if the video material indicates it should be protected, using existing techniques (such as CGMS).
A better understanding of the present invention can be obtained when the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment is considered in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:
The illustrative system described in this patent application provides a technique for protecting video signals against unauthorized copying. For purposes of explanation, specific embodiments are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the illustrative system. However, it will be understood by one skilled in the art, from reading the disclosure, that the technique may be practiced without these details. Further, although the embodiments are described in terms of a DVD player, it should be understood that this embodiment is illustrative and is not meant in any way to limit the practice of the disclosed system to DVD systems. Also, the use of the term monitor and player to illustrate how the system works is not intended to infer that the illustrative system requires a specific type of display device or video signal generator. Rather, any of a variety of display devices or video signal sources may be employed in practicing the technique described herein. Moreover, well-known elements, devices, process steps, and the like are not set forth in detail in order to avoid obscuring the disclosed system.
As used herein, the term "video signal" includes both RGB and synchronization signals unless otherwise noted. Further, reference to "synchronization signals" refers to both horizontal synchronization (H-sync) and vertical synchronization (V-sync) signals unless otherwise noted. Additionally, reference to RGB signals refers to video signals typically used for red, green, and blue, but should be understood to mean equivalent signals in alternate color spaces.
Furthermore, the description of the various RGB signals and synchronization signals is not intended to imply that separate wiring connections are required for each signal. All of the RGB and synchronization signals may be transmitted across a signal cable typically known as a "composite video" cable or across component video cables, such as S-video or separate R, G, B, H-sync, and V-sync cables, as desired.
Turning to
The computer system 102 outputs a video signal representing an image being rendered on the computer system 102 to a graphics controller 104, typically associated with a video graphics card in the computer system 102. A VGA to video encoder 106 may be provided to convert the signal for use with a videotape recorder 108 or a display device. According to one embodiment of the disclosed subject matter, before the video signal is output from the computer system 102 to either the display device 112 or the videotape recorder 108, a number of additional signals are incorporated into the horizontal sync signals. Thus, the video signal output from the computer system 102 across communication lines to the display device 112 or 108 includes both an original set of horizontal sync pulses which represents a correct image to be displayed along with a set of additional or invalid sync pulses which, without the present decoding technique, prevents a display from recognizing the signal. This results in a display output that is not recognizable and thus not valuable for copying.
An embodiment of the disclosed subject matter also preferably includes a decoder device 110, either internal or external to the display device 112. The decoder device 110 is programmed to recognize the anti-copying protocol and to decode the original H-sync signals from the combination signal, which includes both the original H-sync pulses along with the added or invalid H-sync pulses. The decoder device 110 then essentially filters out the additional or invalid H-sync pulses and outputs only the original H-sync pulses, thus, providing the original video signal only, without the additional H-sync pulses, to the display 112.
Referring now to
Also coupled to the host bus 210 is a cache 204. The cache 204 may be a write-through, a write-back, or multiple cache systems for storing commonly used or recently used data values. The cache generally consists of a high-speed static RAM structure, addressable within the memory space of the CPU's address lines.
A main memory 206, typically comprising a dynamic RAM, is coupled to the memory controller bridge 226. The main memory 206 provides relatively high-speed data storage for instructions and data needed for the processor 202 to perform its functions. Also included in many computer systems is a dedicated ROM 236, providing system BIOS and other firmware sets of instructions to the processor 202, on initial boot up and also thereafter.
Also coupled to the memory controller bridge 226 is an I/O controller hub 224. The I/O controller hub 224 typically has a disk controller with a number of IDE ports to couple external devices. The disk controller in the I/O controller hub 224 provides a connection to a CD-ROM drive 212, a DVD drive 218, and a hard disk drive 214. The CD-ROM drive 212 and the DVD drive 218 provide optical storage and data retrieval capabilities, and the hard drive 214 provides magnetic storage device capabilities to the computer system 200. An AC-97 CODEC 258 and speakers 260 can also be connected to the I/O controller 224.
Also coupled to the I/O controller hub 224 is a PCI bus 222. The disk controller in the I/O controller hub 224 can be a separate device on the PCI bus 222. The PCI bus 222 is coupled to a plurality of additional devices, including a network interface controller 252, an audio device or audio card 254, and in some embodiments an additional PCI bridge (not shown). The audio card 254 generally is coupled to audio speakers 256 or some other audio output device to provide an audio output.
The AGP extension bus 220, coupled to the memory controller bridge 226, provides an extension for additional peripheral components, typically video related. The AGP extension bus 220 is coupled to an additional device, such as the video card 250. The video card 250 typically includes a graphics controller 208 and a video encoder/decoder (CODEC) 228. The video card 250 is coupled to a monitor 240 via one or more coaxial cables or other computer connectors. Alternatively, the graphics controller 208 and the video card 250 can be coupled to the PCI bus 222.
The graphics controller 208 is electronic circuitry that takes data that represents a computed image and converts it to a varying electrical signal that drives an external display device so as to produce a visible representation of the image. A video processor is a set of electronic circuitry which takes data which represents a moving picture (e.g., a movie) and modifies it in some way (e.g., increases the saturation) to generate a resultant data which is typically sent to the graphics controller 208 for display.
In a PC, the graphics controller 208 will typically contain video processing circuitry which is used to change the color space of the input image, scale it, and de-interlace it so it is in a format which the graphics controller 208 can use for display. For example, MPEG uses a YCrCb colorspace but all VGAs have ADCs that use the RGB colorspace so the video processing circuitry executes a matrix transformation to convert between the two colorspaces.
An extension bus 230 is coupled to the I/O controller hub 224, providing an extension for additional peripheral components. A super input/output controller 232, coupled to the extension bus 230, typically provides a connection between the extension bus 230, a mouse device 234, a parallel port 262, serial ports 264, and a keyboard device 248. Although these devices are shown coupled through the super input/output controller 232 to the extension bus 230, it should be noted that other configurations are possible; for example, the mouse device 234 and the keyboard 248 may instead be coupled to an infrared device for communicating directly to a remote controller interface (not shown) via wireless technology. Additionally, the super input/output controller 232 provides a connection to a floppy disk drive 216, which provides additional magnetic storage device capabilities for the computer system 200.
The computer system 200 may be of any number of different configurations and components. It will be recognized that additional devices may be coupled via various connects to the various buses. The flexibility of computer system 200 is not restricted to particular example shown in
According to an embodiment of the disclosed subject matter, copy protection is implemented by reading video data from DVD 218 after a certain internal authentication and encryption is performed. The encrypted video stream is then communicated to the CPU 202, where decryption is performed. CPU software decodes and generates the digital video and audio, which is then communicated across the AGP bus 220, to the video card 250. The audio is sent across the PCI bus 222 to the audio card 254. The video then is output from the video card 250 where a monitor 240 receives the signal through a VGA connector on the back of the video card 250. The monitor 240 may be any display device, such as the display device 112 of
Turning now to
Referring now to
The fourth column 540 in the table 500 provides the display 112 with information of the location of the next valid pulse sequence identifier. Thus, for entry 2, the next valid pulse sequence identifier will be received in the 32nd blanking line on the next frame. The decoder device 110 is then able to ignore all pulse sequence identifiers occurring between this received pulse sequence identifier and the identifier at the 32nd blanking line on the next frame. This feature makes it difficult to determine which pulse sequence identifier is actually controlling the decoder device 110. Until this valid decoding pulse sequence identifier is received, the H-sync sequence is repeated to determine the valid sync pulses. After a specified number of valid pulse sequence identifiers 406 are received, the process is reset and begins anew. This reset feature allows, among others, for quick recovery if the decoding circuit 110 in the display device 112 loses its synchronization. It should be noted the next valid pulse sequence identifier 406 can be generated randomly or according to a finite set of location identifiers or other methods without departing from the disclosed subject matter. Further, the codes in columns 520 and their interpretation in columns 530 and 540 are exemplary and illustrative only, and other codes 520 and interpretations 530 and 540 can be used.
Turning now to
Turning now to
On the decoding side, the decoding process 720 begins at step 722 where the decoder device 110 detects whether the video signal is copy protected. If not, the video signal is immediately passed to the display device 112 where it is displayed. In that instance, no invalid H-sync pulses 622 have been added, thus, there is no need to perform any filtering function. If the video signal is in fact copy protected, control proceeds to step 724 where the decoder device 110 recognizes invalid H-sync pulses 622 from original H-sync pulses 616 based on a prior received pulse sequence identifier 406. At step 724, the decoder device filters out all invalid H-sync pulses 622 from the original H-sync pulses 616. The original H-sync pulses 616 are then passed to the display device 112, which then displays the image represented by the video signal as intended. At step 726, if within a vertical blanking interval, the decoder device receives the next pulse sequence identifier 406 at step 728. This next pulse sequence identifier 406 represents the next sequence of valid and invalid H-sync pulses 616 and 622 and, in addition, the location of the next valid pulse sequence identifier 406. This information is used to decode the next set of H-sync pulses. If not within a vertical blanking interval at step 726, the decoding device 110 does not attempt to detect such a pulse sequence identifier 406, but instead, directly transmits the decoded video signal or filtered video signal to the video display device 112. The video display device 112 may then display the video signal at step 730. Additional steps such a validation and authentication of the source and receiver devices can be added within the spirit of this invention.
Although shown in
Turning now to
The decoding process is represented by decoder logic 820. According to one embodiment, decoding of the encoded H-sync signal 815 encoded by encoder 802 is performed by control logic 826, receiving input pulse sequence identifier information from the data 821 of the green signal output 817 as well as the V-sync signal 812 to determine when a vertical blanking interval occurs. The XOR gate 822 is used to invert the vertical synchronization pulse producing the Vgate signal 840 in the case where the vertical synchronization is active low instead of high. The receiving device can determine the polarity of the V-sync synchronization signal 812 using standard techniques known to those skilled in the art. The comparator 824 is used to convert the incoming analog signal on the green line 817 to a digital signal by comparing it to a specific voltage reference 834. The output of the comparator 824, data signal 838, is gated by the AND gate 828 with the Vgate signal 840 so the PLL 832 clock input 836 is only active when a pulse sequence identifier is being received. This allows the PLL 832 to recover the clock in the control word so the data signal 838 can be decoded. The clock 836, the data 838, and the V-sync synchronization pulses on the Vgate signal 840 are used to drive the state machine 826 that controls the gating of the horizontal synchronization pulses on encoded H-sync signal 815. The encoded horizontal synchronization is gated by the AND gate 830 in conjunction with the output of the state machine 826 so the original horizontal synchronization signal 814 is reconstructed. An additional XOR gate could be included to allow the output polarity of the horizontal synchronization signal 814 to be inverted. In one embodiment, the decoder 820 is integrated into logic within the receiving device 112. One skilled in the art will recognize that the logic elements shown in
Thus, according the disclosed subject matter, a video signal copy protection apparatus and protocol is provided. The protocol is flexible to provide copy protection for any number of video signal sources including DVD, protected satellite transmissions and other subscription type video services. A computer system or device is provided with encoding functions to add video protection signals onto an original video output. Specifically, a number of additional horizontal synchronization pulses, indistinguishable from original horizontal synchronization pulses, are added onto the horizontal synchronization signal. Without decoding, inclusion of these additional H-sync pulses prevent a display device or a video tape recorder from receiving or generating a coherent video image from the modified video signal. The computer system or computer device also modulates onto a portion of the outgoing video signal an identifier code for use in the decoding process.
A decoder device is provided to receive the modified H-sync signal, including the original H-sync pulses along with the added H-sync pulses and the rest of the video signal including the identifier code. The decoder device decodes the H-sync signal according to the identifier code, which identifies the original H-sync pulses from the additional H-sync pulses. A lookup table is provided at the decoder device to allow for a number of constantly changing mapping schemes represented by an equal number of different identifier codes. The decoder device then filters the added or invalid H-sync pulses from the video signal and passes the filtered signal to the display device. Enhanced copy protection is provided as the sequence of added H-sync pulses is constantly changing, this function is supported by the simplicity of the lookup table and the fact that attached with every sequence of added H-sync pulses is also included a next pulse sequence identifier and the location of the next pulse sequence identifier.
Additional copy protection is provided by encoding a number of invalid H-sync pulse identifiers along with the valid H-sync pulse identifiers. Specifically, H-sync pulse identifiers are encoded onto the video signal at varied locations in the video signal. Only the sequence identifier that is received at the expected identifier location at the decoder device is actually used to perform the decoding functions. Thus, a multi-level copy protection system is provided with only minor modifications to a computer system along with a receiving or authorized display device.
The foregoing disclosure and description of the various embodiments are illustrative and explanatory thereof, and various changes in the video source video player, the display device, the computing device, the description of the video signal, the graphics controller and other circuitry, the organization of the components, and the order and timing of steps taken, as well as in the details of the illustrated system may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
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Welcome to the Town of Cohasset
News and Announcements:
Town Hall will be CLOSED Friday, July 3, 2015
Please make plans to obtain your All Facilities Sticker during Town Hall business hours (hours listed below) if you need it for the holiday weekend.
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Cohasset is a nine square mile coastal town just twenty-five miles from Boston and is home to about 7,000 residents who reside in a setting of historical colonial homes and spectacular ocean vistas. Many of the residents make the daily commute to work by car, commuter boat from the adjoining town of Hingham, or the commuter train line located right in town. Route 3A bisects the town which provides prime locations for a multitude of large and small businesses alike. Currently there are four shopping plazas operating within the town which provide all the basic needs that any resident or visitor would look for.
Cohasset's central village lies around a picturesque and spacious common with a small duck pond, surrounded by historical buildings, houses, and churches. The village also includes specialty shops, quality restaurants, the colonial First Parish Meeting House, and St. Stephens Church with its 51 bell carillon that has offered Sunday concerts since 1924. Cohasset has active Community and Arts Centers, three historical museums, the South Shore Music Circus, and a Swim Club for all ages. There are three swimming beaches, and recreational parks and trails that run through Wompatuck State Park, Whitney Woods Reservation, Wheelwright Park, and Turkey Hill Park.
Along the shore line of Cohasset Harbor are facilities for dining, sailing, boating, and a replica of the famous Minot's light. The Cohasset Public School System is highly rated and many of the residents involve themselves in the many community activities which provide a stable foundation for the future growth of Cohasset.
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Reviews by Paul Fonoroff, Lau Kit-wai and Clarence Tsui
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The final Harry Potter film sees Harry (Daniel Radcliffe), Hermione (Emma Watson) and Ron (Rupert Grint) continuing their quest to find and destroy Voldermort (Ralph Fiennes)'s remaining Horcruxes (items that contain the dark lord's soul) - and Voldemort himself. CT
Kung Fu Panda 2 (I) Cantonese and English versions)
Po, the fat panda/Dragon Warrior, returns in an animated action comedy in which he has to uncover the secrets of his mysterious origins to find the strength to defeat the villainous Lord Shen who plans to use a powerful weapon to conquer China and destroy kung fu. CT
Love Is The Only Answer (IIB) (Cantonese)
Romance about a couple (Alex Fong Lik-sun and Charmaine Sheh Sze-man) who, despite cancelling their wedding on the day itself, stay friendly and go to a swingers party together a year later. CT
Luna Sea 3-D in Los Angeles (I) (Japanese)
Concert film featuring the Japanese rock band performing in the US. Not reviewed.
Mr Popper's Penguins (I)
Jim Carrey stars in a comedy about a successful Manhattan real estate developer whose chilly relationship with his family heats up after he inherits six penguins. CT
Soul Kitchen (IIB) (German and Greek)
Fatih Akin's comedy about an owner (Adam Bousdoukos) of a neighbourhood eatery whose seemingly stable life suddenly falls apart when his girlfriend leaves for Shanghai. CT
Transformers: Dark of the Moon (IIA)
The third Transformers action blockbuster sees the Autobots learning of a Cybertronian spacecraft hidden on the moon and racing against the Decepticons to reach it and to learn its secrets. Michael Bay directs and Shia LaBeouf stars. LKW
The Tree of Life (IIA)
Terrence Malick's epic drama about a man (Sean Penn) whose life is shaped by his childhood - and his relationship with his father (Brad Pitt). CT
Art House
Omnimax show chronicling a May 2009 space mission to maintain and upgrade the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Hubble Space Telescope. English shows Sat-Sun, 8.30pm; otherwise in Cantonese. Narrations in Cantonese, Putonghua, English and Japanese are also available through headphones. Daily (except Tue), 1.30pm, 5pm, 8.30pm. Space Museum, 10 Salisbury Rd, TST, HK$24, HK$32 Urbtix. Inquiries: 2721 0226. Ends Aug 31
Morning Matinee
The Leisure and Cultural Services Department presents a programme of 1960s martial arts films produced by the HK Film Company, including the following two films. Until Aug 26. Film Archive, 50 Lei King Rd, Sai Wan Ho, HK$20 Urbtix. Inquiries: 2739 2139
The Ghost with Six Fingers, Concluding Episode
The third of three wuxia films adapted from Ni Kuang's serialised novel sees the martial arts story's protagonist searching for the six-fingered Strings Demon who plays mesmerising notes on the lute with dramatic consequences. In Cantonese. Jul 29, 11am, Film Archive.
The Azure Blood and the Golden Pin, Part One
The first part of Chan Lit-bun's adaptation of Or Lung-sang's martial arts novel about unrest in the martial world with different people out to steal important objects such as the Shaolin Temple's Vessel Strengthening Manuscript, a precious sword and the Marvellous Book of the South Sea. In Cantonese. Aug 5, 11am, Film Archive.
Asian Reflections
The Asia Society presents a programme of five films that collectively reflect the diversity of Asia, including the following three films. Until Jul 31. The Grand Cinema, 2/F Elements, 1 Austin Rd West, Kowloon, HK$65 (Asia Society members HK$50) HK Ticketing. Inquiries: 2103 9508
Memories in March
Drama about a bereaved mother who discovers through her newly deceased son's coworkers and friends that he lived his life in a way she had not previously known about. In Hindi and English with English subtitles. Jul 29, 7.30pm, The Grand Cinema.
The White Meadows
Allegorical drama about a boatman who navigates the salt islands of Iran's Lake Urmia and listens to his passengers' heartaches. In Persian with English subtitles. Jul 30, 4pm, The Grand Cinema.
Drama about an engineer who, after his mother's death, moves back home to care for his dysfunctional Eurasian family. In English. Jul 31, 4pm, The Grand Cinema.
Four Characters: A Tribute to Lee Hong-kum, Helena Law Lan, Lui Ming and Wang Lai
The Leisure and Cultural Services Department presents a programme of 16 films showcasing four character actors, including the following four films. Until Sept 13. Film Archive, 50 Lei King Rd, Sai Wan Ho, HK$30 Urbtix. Inquiries: 2734 2900
The Seven Tigers
Martial arts actioner revolving around an alliance of patriots who unite to challenge a Chinese traitor who has joined forces with the Manchus and his bullying son. Wu Pang directs. In Cantonese. Jul 29, 7.30pm, Aug 21, 4.30pm, Film Archive.
Driver No 7
Drama centring on a bus driver who experiences highs and lows after he helps a young woman escape from local ruffians intent on forcing her to become a prostitute. Cheung Ying directs and stars. In Cantonese: Jul 30, 7pm; Putonghua dubbed version: Aug 21, 7pm, Film Archive.
Ten Brothers
Comedy inspired by a traditional fairy tale about 10 sons, all with special powers, born to a fisherman's wife after she swallowed 10 magic pearls to prevent a covetous marshal who had imprisoned her husband from getting his hands on them. In Cantonese. Jul 31, 5pm, Aug 28, 4.30pm, Film Archive.
Many Aspects of Love
Tso Kea's adaptation of Zhang Henshui's romance melodrama revolving around one good man, two bad guys and two good women. In Cantonese. July 31, 7pm, Sept 11, 4.30pm, Film Archive.
Lean Night 2011 - Fresh!
The HK Arts Centre presents a continuing programme of films made in the first decade of this century, including the following five. Until Jul 31. HK Arts Centre, 2 Harbour Rd, Wan Chai, HK$50 Urbtix. Inquiries: 2582 0273
Docudrama about zoophilia inspired by a real-life case that took place in Washington state in 2005, in which a man died as a result of his injuries from sexual encounters with a horse. Robinson Devor directs. In English. Jul 29, 7.30pm, Jul 30, 5.30pm, HK Arts Centre.
The Wayward Cloud
Tsai Ming Liang's musical centring on a woman (Chen Shiang-chyi) who rekindles a romance with an old flame (Lee Kang-sheng) who has become a porn star. In Mandarin with Chinese and English subtitles. Jul 30, 2.30pm, Jul 31, 5.30pm, HK Arts Centre.
Kim Ki-duk's romantic crime drama about a young man who breaks into empty homes for fun and an abused wife he encounters in a large mansion he had thought was empty. In Korean with Chinese and English subtitles. Jul 30, 7.30pm, HK Arts Centre.
Horror-thriller charting the life of a woman whose existence is defined by three key sensual moments. Helene Cattet and Bruno Forzani direct. In French with English subtitles. Jul 31, 2.30pm, HK Arts Centre.
Drama about three women living in Tel Aviv drawn together through a wedding banquet whose intersecting stories weave an unlikely portrait of modern Israeli life. Etgar Keret and Shira Geffen direct. In Hebrew, Tagalog and German with English subtitles. Jul 31, 8pm, HK Arts Centre.
International Children's Film Carnival
The Leisure and Cultural Services Department presents a programme of 10 feature films and 15 short films from different parts of the world, including the following nine feature films and three short film programmes. Until Aug 14. Film Archive, 50 Lei King Rd, Sai Wan Ho; Science Museum, 2 Science Museum Rd, TST East; and Space Museum, 10 Salisbury Rd, TST, HK$50 Urbtix. Inquiries: 2734 2900
Ricky Rapper And The Bicycle Thief
Musical comedy about a rap-loving boy who goes off with his best friend to get back his new bicycle after it is stolen. In Finnish with Chinese and English subtitles. Jul 30, 2.30pm, Film Archive, Aug 7, 7.30pm, Space Museum.
In The Attic: Who Has A Birthday Today?
Jiri Barta's animated film about a pretty doll living in an old trunk in an attic, whose friends try to rescue her after she is kidnapped by the cruel ruler of the Land of Evil. In Czech with Chinese and English subtitles. Jul 30, 5pm, Film Archive, Aug 13, 8pm, Science Museum.
The Crocodiles
Drama revolving around a gang known as the Crocodiles who refuse to grant membership to Kai, a boy confined to a wheelchair, but end up banding together with him to break up a gang of burglars. In German with Chinese and English subtitles. Jul 30, 7.30pm, Science Museum, Aug 7, 5pm, Space Museum.
Fuchsia the Mini-Witch
Family film about a wizard who finds an egg in the Witches' Wood and the mini-witch who hatches out of the egg. In Dutch with English subtitles and live Cantonese interpretation. Jul 31, 2.30pm, Aug 9, 7.30pm, Science Museum.
The Magicians
Joram Luersen's drama about a boy who tries to bring back his best friend after she vanishes in the middle his father's magic show. In Dutch with Chinese and English subtitles. Jul 31, 2.30pm, Film Archive, Aug 8, 7.30pm, Science Museum.
I Am Kalam
Drama centring on a young boy (Harsh Mayar) working at his uncle's tea stand who befriends a prince who is around his age and, inspired by the words of former Indian president A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, decides to change his life for the better. In Hindi with English subtitles and live Cantonese interpretation. Jul 31, 5pm, Science Museum.
Noemie, The Secret
Drama about a young girl who hunts for treasure she believes is hidden within her upstairs neighbour's apartment. In French with Chinese and English subtitles. Jul 31, 7.30pm, Science Museum, Aug 6, 8pm, Space Museum.
Jasper: Journey To The End Of the World
Animated film revolving around two penguin brothers who set out to rescue the rare Kakapo bird eggs from a villain with the help of a little human girl. In English with live Cantonese interpretation. Aug 2, 7.30pm, Aug 14, 8pm, Science Museum.
Homecoming + Chinese Opera Boy
Short film double bill comprising: Kwok Zune's drama looking at the life of a Filipina woman who left her family in the Philippines to become a domestic helper in Hong Kong (in Cantonese, English and Filipino with Chinese and English subtitles); and Clara Wong Yuen-yin's drama about a secondary school student who wishes to become a Cantonese Opera master performer's apprentice (in Cantonese with Chinese and English subtitles). Aug 5, 7.30pm, Aug 7, 2.30pm, Space Museum, Aug 14, 5pm, Film Archive.
World Animation and Shorts 1
Nine animated short films including: Boo and Baa Have Company about two small sheep characters who discover a meowing visitor while raking leaves off their lawn (in Swedish with Chinese and English subtitles); and Just So Stories: The Crab that Played With the Sea, about a giant crab and a little girl (in English with Chinese and English subtitles). With interactive session in Cantonese. Aug 6, 13, 2.30pm, Film Archive.
World Animation and Shorts 2
Six short films including: The King of the Island, an animated film about a six-year-old boy who dreams of meeting his father who went missing at sea (in Italian with Chinese and English subtitles); and Good Advice, a live-action drama about a boy who decides to run away from home but before doing so, records a cassette tape with advice for his yet-to-be-born brother (in Swedish with Chinese and English subtitles). With interactive session in Cantonese. Aug 6, 13, 5pm, Film Archive.
The Sandman and the Lost Sand of Dreams
Animated film about a little boy who is asked by the Sandman responsible for bringing people sweet dreams each night and his faithful sheep Neopomuk to make things right again after the evil Habumar steals the Sand of Dreams and takes control of Dreamland. In German with English subtitles and live Cantonese interpretation: Aug 7, 7.30pm, Aug 14, 2.30pm, Film Archive.
Ajay Devgn stars in Rohit Shetty's Bollywood action drama remake of Tamil film Singam about a small town policeman who encounters problems after an extortionist from Goa sends someone in his stead to sign for his bail. Also starring Kajal Agarwal. In Hindi with English subtitles. Jul 30, 9.30pm, Golden Gateway, G/F The Gateway, 25 Canton Rd, TST, HK$100-HK$180. Inquiries: 2366 7725
Classical in Cinema
Music Art & Film Culture Promotion Association of HK presents a HD programme of classical music concerts and operas, including the following two HD films. Until January 2012. AMC Pacific Place, L1 Pacific Place, 88 Queensway, Admiralty; Broadway The One, 6-11/F The One, 100 Nathan Rd, TST; Grand Ocean, Ocean Centre, 3 Canton Rd, TST; and Palace IFC, Podium Level 1, IFC Mall, 8 Finance St, Central, HK$75-HK$120 www.amccinemas.com.hk (for AMC Pacific Place), www2.cinema.com.hk (for Broadway cinemas) and 2377 2100 (for Grand Ocean). Inquiries: 6336 3595
The Ring - Siegfried
Film of La Fura dels Baus' live performance in Valencia's Palau de les Arts Reina Sofia of the third part of Richard Wagner's The Ring epic tetralogy; with Zubin Mehta conducting the Orquestra de la Comunitat Valencia and Cor de la Generalitat Valenciana. In German with Chinese and English subtitles. Jul 31, 4pm, Grand Ocean, also Jul 31, 7pm, Palace IFC.
Romeo et Juliette
Film of the Salzburg Festival production of Charles Gounod's operatic adaptation of Shakespeare's tragic story about two star-crossed lovers (tenor Rolando Villaz?n and soprano Nino Machaidze). Yannick N?zet-S?guin conducts the Mozarteum Orchester Salzburg and Konzertvereinigung Wiener Staatsopernchor. In French with Chinese and English subtitles. Aug 6, 5pm, Broadway The One, Aug 14, 7pm, AMC Pacific Place, Aug 21, 5pm, Sept 4, 7pm, Palace IFC.
InDPanda International Short Film Festival
InD Blue presents 13 programmes of independent short films from around the world, including the following three programmes. Aug 5-28. Broadway Cinematheque, Prosperous Garden, 3 Public Square St, Yau Ma Tei, HK$55 www.cinema.com.hk. Inquiries: 2572 7202
Another Berlinale Affairs
Programme of seven short films shown at the Berlin International Film Festival including: Minnie Loves Junior, about a girl who has an unrequited love for a boy living in the same seaside fishing village as her (in English); and Incident by a Bank, a comedic recreation of an actual failed bank robbery that occurred in Stockholm in June 2006 (in Swedish with English subtitles). Aug 5, 7.30pm, Aug 21, 8pm, Broadway Cinematheque.
Never-ending Stories
Programme of four short films about life including: Inhalation, about an unhappy farm worker who steals some money from her boyfriend and boards a ship to Japan but then is deported from that country (in Mandarin with English subtitles); and Strangers No More, a documentary looking at a Tel Aviv school whose students come from 48 different countries (in English and Hebrew with English subtitles). Aug 5, 9.30pm, Broadway Cinematheque.
Gay Shorts 1
Programme of five gay-themed short films including: Slut - The Musical, a gay love story featuring 1980s fashion, dance numbers, glitter and fun (in English); and I Was a Teenage Werebear, a parody of 1960s drive-in movies whose subject is the life of a closeted new boy who falls for Malibu High School's mysterious bad boy (in English). Aug 6, 7.45pm, Aug 17, 7.45pm, Broadway Cinematheque.
Taiwan AnimA Collection
Hulu Culture presents a series of Taiwanese animated short film programmes, including the following programme. Aug 5-Sept 18. Jockey Club Creative Arts Centre, 30 Pak Tin St, Shek Kip Mei, free. Inquiries: 2780 2283
Taiwan New Talents Session 1
Programme of seven animated shorts including Liang Ya-ting's Birth of Calligraphy, Chen Ming-ho's Root and Chen Chao-chi's Rainy House. Variously without dialogue, in Mandarin with English subtitles and in English with Chinese subtitles. Aug 5, 7.30pm, Jockey Club Creative Arts Centre.
From Novel to Film 2 - Critics' Choice 2011
The Leisure and Cultural Services Department presents a programme of six film adaptations of novels, including the following film. Until Oct 16. Film Archive, 50 Lei King Rd, Sai Wan Ho; Science Museum, 2 Science Museum Rd, TST East; and Space Museum, 10 Salisbury Rd, TST, HK$55 Urbtix. Inquiries: 2734 2900
Letter from an Unknown Woman
Adaptation of Stefan Zweig's romantic novella about a woman who is unrequitedly in love with a dissolute pianist. Starring Joan Fontaine. In English with Chinese and English subtitles. Aug 6, 7.30pm, Film Archive, Aug 20, 2.30pm, Science Museum.
Restored Treasures
The Leisure and Cultural Services Department presents a continuing series of movies that have undergone restoration work, including the following film. Ongoing. Film Archive, 50 Lei King Rd, Sai Wan Ho, HK$40 Urbtix. Inquiries: 2734 2901
A Matter of Life and Death
Romance about a second world war bomber pilot (David Niven) who falls in love with a US radio operator (Kim Hunter) but then is told that heaven has made an error and he actually should be alive. In English with English subtitles. Aug 7, 2pm, Film Archive
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text:
Chocolate Doodles
21 Mar 2010
|1 1⁄4 Cup (20 tbs)
|Semisweet baking chocolate
|3 Ounce
|All purpose flour
|1 3⁄4 Cup (28 tbs)
|Baking powder
|1 1⁄2 Teaspoon
|Granulated sugar replacement
|2⁄3 Cup (10.67 tbs)
|Granulated fructose
|1⁄3 Cup (5.33 tbs)
|3 Small
|Vanilla extract
|2 Teaspoon
Combine margarine and baking chocolate in the top of a double boiler.
Bring water to a boil, reduce heat to low, and heat until chocolate melts, stirring occasionally.
Meanwhile, sift together the flour and baking powder.
Remove double boiler from heat.
Beat in the sugar replacement, fructose, and eggs.
Add half of the flour mixture, and beat well.
Remove the top half of the double boiler.
Thoroughly stir in vanilla and remaining flour mixture.
Cover and chill for at least 2 hours.
Coat hands well with flour, and roll dough into 1 in. (2.5 cm) balls.
Place balls on very lightly greased cookie sheet.
Bake at 325°F (165°C) for 15 minutes.
Move to cooling racks.
Rate It
0 Comments
Chocolate Doodles Recipe


text:
Paid sick leave, lead ammo, smartphones all affected by new state laws
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SANTA ANA – Two men accused of raping and killing four women will be tried separately, after a prosecutor argued that incriminating comments one of them made during a police interview makes it...
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NEW YORK — Twitter had a bit of fun Monday at the expense of EL James.
Updated on June 29, 2015
Thomas M. Goethals, a devout man with a keen appreciation for history, wrote to the White House so that his wife, a professional decorator and three-time cancer survivor, could help put up Christmas...
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ANAHEIM – Visitors can fly over London and Neverland again.


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Schaumburg, ILUSA 60173
July 20, 2014
I like to read many different types of books including adventure, sci-fi, fantasy, romantic, and young adult.
IPA's are my favorite!
I'm new to the area, love to read and drink good beer!
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General Homebrew Discussion / Re: Whatcha Brewin' this week -- 2009 Dec 16 - Dec 22?« on: December 18, 2009, 06:35:53 PM »
I scrubbed the mild and did a rye pale ale instead.
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The general consensus has been to take a gallon of first runnings, reduce it to a quart and add it back to the boil.I did a 10 gallon batch and turned 2 gallons of first runnings into a little less than a quart, it had the consistency of LME.
texas is going to get beat like a drum.Just like Bama stomped the crap out of that piss-ant team from Utah last year. I hope not.
Wow! That is all I can say. Wow! I don;t think anyone expected Alabama to handle Fla like that. One thing I got a kick out of was Tebow boo-hooing in the end. I like the kid so don;t get me wrong, but man - was he was really boo-hooing like a 12 year old girl who spilled ice cream on her new party dress or what?Give him a break-all week long he's been hearing about how he's the football GOD who'll single-handedly destroy the TIDE. Of course he never imagined it could turn out this way.
my wife makes pupusas, which is really her comfort food that has become mine.Back in 1971 I was an exchange student in El Salvador and we used to buy papusas daily from street vendors. The sons of the family I lived with would take handfuls of cortido from gallon jars and put it on the papusas, but back then it was way too spicy for me to eat. Now I'd like to try it again. Those pictures brought back some great memories.
it's essentially masa (maseca - a corn flour dough) mixed with some oil and water and rounded into a flat pancake that is then stuffed with either cheese(we use mozzerella) or meat (pork or chicharon) or beans (usually refried consistancy). Had some awesome ones with squash|cheese as well once. Then cooked on a flatpan until golden brown with light browning. They should not be dry but not be greasy either.
topped with cortido (which is kinda like a cabbage relish/saurecrout) vinegar/carrot/cabbage/onions/garlic/jalapenos or chil pequins) then topped with warm red salsa
with cortido it looks something like this:


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Shipping is kind of expensive, but I guess that is why it is reliable."
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"This was my first order and i am happy with it. the only concern i have is, i have ordered 2 packs marlbaro red and i have been charged seperate shipping for both the packs where as i received it in one parcel. otherwise everything was good."
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text:
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The Dance HavenRead MoreThe Dance Haven voted #1 in Medford 5 years running! Conveniently located on Salem Street, offers dance classes for ages 3 to Adult! Also offers ZUMBA, ZUMBATOMIC, ZUMBA GOLD, BODY SCULPTING and Personal Training Packages. Join The Dance Haven and find the dancer in you!379 Salem StreetMedford, MA US
Champion's Dance StudioRead MoreThe expert instructors at Champion's Dance Sport Club spread their love of dance during lessons for all ages. The studio specializes in ballroom and Latin dancing for children and adults, but also offers classes in the Tango, Waltz, and Foxtrot.165 Chelsea St.Everett, MA US
Zumba With JessRead MoreAs one longtime student says, "Jess doesn't care if you have three left feet." And it's probably this supportive and congenial attitude that earned her spots on Boston A-List as Best Zumba Class and RateYourBurn as one of the 10 Best Zumba Instructors for 2012. She approaches the dance-fitness hybrid sessions as a "feel-happy" workout, helping students of all experience levels feel welcome regardless of their natural rhythm. She only offers drop-in sessions, allowing students to come when it's convenient for them or when they've accidentally sleepwalked to the studio again.16 Bow StreetSomerville, MA US
Boston Swing Central Inc.Read MoreOn Friday nights at Extreme Dancesport, the floorboards heat up under the swinging steps of students, regulars, and teachers cutting a rug at Boston Swing?s Central?s weekly social dances. Sometimes it?s pre-recorded tunes and sometimes it?s a live band inspiring the boogiers, but either way, it?s a rollicking good time for all ages and skill levels and no partner is required. The weekly party, which starts with a group class from 8-9 p.m. and then transforms into a free-for-all from 9 p.m. ? 12 a.m., is the focal point of the non-profit dance organization. Boston Swing Central also offers classes and boot camps where dance instructors teach you how to do the east coast, lindy hop, and Charleston.26 New St.Cambridge, MA US
The Dance ComplexRead MoreSalsa y Control's instructors—who have performed and taught across the nation—welcome students for a variety of salsa classes. Beginner salsa courses help dancers develop basic steps, techniques, and etiquette, and more advanced courses delve into refining footwork and working with partners. Salsa y Control also offers intermediate classes, along with classes on bachata, burlesque, and cha cha.536 Massachusetts AvenueCambridge, MA US
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Date: 1967-09-30
Description: A woman sits with her ten children surrounding her and watches TV.
Date: 1927
Description: Husband and wife canning corn in kitchen using Burpee Can Sealer.
Date: date unknown
Description: Interior view of the colonial kitchen at the Van Cortlandt house featuring simple wooden table and chairs, a fireplace for cooking, displayed cooking imple...
Description: Interior view of the Van Cortlandt house drawing room featuring a fireplace with a gleaming metal spark-guard as well as ornately carved table, chairs, and...
Description: Interior view of the Morris-Jumel Mansion which served, at different times, as headquarters to both forces during the Revolutionary war. This view of the...
Description: A view of the Hawthorne House, childhood home of American novelist and short story writer Nathaniel Hawthorne (7/4/1804 – 5/19/1864) built around 1812, tak...
Date: 1949-07-27
Description: Interior of the Winfield Martin house, 2906 Lakeland Avenue (earlier address, 611 Elmside Boulevard), showing a corner of the living room with a piano. Bui...
Description: Charles J. Van Schaick and his family at the dinner table. He had three sons; Shirley, born 1885, Roy, born 1887, and Harold, born 1889. Both husband and w...
Date: 1956-07-02
Description: Mrs. Leslie (Jean) Antonius of 325 Lakewood Boulevard is in the living room of her traditional home, one of ten on the Attic Angel third annual benefit Hou...
Description: The Fairlawn home's colonial dining room. Features area rugs, a fireplace with hanging kettles, fireplace tools, displayed plates and figurines and a built...
Description: A woman stirs a pot on a six-burner electric stove. Two Hotpoint automatic electric ovens stand beside the stove, and canisters and teapots stand on the st...
Date: 1927-07
Description: A girl holds a long coat or blanket, a broom, and a dustpan while she descends a flight of stairs at International Harvester's Hinsdale experimental farm.
Date: 1918
Description: Richard Lloyd Jones's bedroom, 1010 Walker Court (now known as Rutledge Court). His Underwood typewriter, telephone, and bookcase are seen. Lloyd Jones w...
Date: 1929 ca.
Description: A production still of the McCormick home for the Fox Hearst film "Romance of the Reaper". The film was produced by International Harvester to celebrate the...
Date: 1957-05-22
Description: Jacqueline Morris, Dane County Home Agent, greets new Homemakers Club officers Mrs. Sheldon Yarwood, Mrs. Clayton Monson, and Mrs. George W. Johnson.
Date: 1939 ca.
Description: Two freshly built two-story houses in a clearing with trees. Both have small, covered back patios. There are no driveways or shrubbery in place yet.
Date: 1951-03-21
Description: The Lloyd Yaudes family gathers in the living room of their new ranch-style home at 526 Virginia Terrace.
Description: General, and later president, George Washington's bedroom. Features room with a dresser, chairs, fireplace, and a canopied bed with side table.
Description: Interior view of the Washington bedroom at the Van Cortlandt house featuring a canopied bed, a Dutch-style carved cradle, other carved furniture, and hangi...
If you didn't find the material you searched for, our Library Reference Staff can help.
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text:
Press release from Business Wire
Wunderman takes second in Germany, ninth worldwide: Directory Magazine
Thursday, January 09, 2014
Wunderman takes second in Germany, ninth worldwide: Directory Magazine18:19 EST Thursday, January 09, 2014
FRANKFURT, Germany (Business Wire) -- Wunderman Germany made Directory Magazine's list of top direct marketing agencies in their annual Big Won Rankings 2013, finishing second in Germany and ninth globally. The ranking tracks the performance of 1,317 agencies around the world, across every marketing communications discipline, and are based on 8,004 awards for 4,780 separate pieces of work.
"There are only two German agencies in the top 10, and we are immensely proud to be one of them," said Ricardo-José Vybiral, CEO Wunderman Germany. "We look forward to a new year full of transformative and creative works from our teams throughout the country."
This recognition continues a great past year for the German office. Wunderman Germany was nominated Agency of the Year for the second time running at the ddp, the most distinguished German dialogue marketing award, and was named Germany's 13th most creative agency by leading advertising journals "Horizont" and "Werben & Verkaufen". 2013 also saw the office taking home 36 awards and seven gold medals for key clients such as Land Rover, Ford and Deutsche Bank.
Directory Magazine's direct marketing rankings have been published annually since 2003. The magazine showcases the best innovative communications every quarter, celebrates creativity and publishes great work before it wins awards.
Advertising Age ranks Wunderman as the #1 global digital agency network. Founded by Lester Wunderman in 1958, Wunderman has 170 offices in 60 countries offering Brand Experience, Consumer Engagement, Data & Insights and World Health marketing solutions. Powered by complex analytics and strategic insight, creative content engages the consumer as participant, critic, creator and champion in always-on conversations to propel our clients' growth. Best Buy, Citibank, Coca-Cola, Ford, Land Rover, Microsoft, Nokia, Novartis, Telefonica and leading local and regional brands are among them. Wunderman is a member of WPP (NASDAQ:WPPGY) and part of Young & Rubicam Group. For more information: www.wunderman.com.
Wunderman GmbH
Alexandra Koch, +49 69 7502-7624
Sarah Chua, +1-212-941-3127


text:
From the ambulance to the X-rays, injuries in "Madden" have always been memorable. But have they been realistic? (If you're old enough to remember players like Jerry Rice getting run over by paramedics mid-field as they race to save an injured Brent Jones, then you know the answer.)
Well, the "Madden NFL 10" team has decided to change both the way players get injured on the field and the coaching decisions that revolve around said injury.
Updating his blog, Madden's lead designer Ian Cummings addresses the new injury system in the game, including these seven fundamental changes:
Injury status/severity is delayed instead of immediate for more suspense and realism
All new animations with trainers and injury carts are shown
You are automatically prompted to let injured players play hurt (when applicable) or sub in the backup
Players playing hurt have their ratings negatively affected (based on the severity of the injury)
Players playing hurt have a (logical) risk of re-injury
Players show that they are hurt with in-game injury animations like limping
Re-injuries happen realistically instead of randomly."
Sounds like a much-needed fix to the game, and one that should help make "Madden 10" feel a lot more realistic, especially when a guy like Peyton Manning goes down and you have to decide if its better to put your injured star back in the game and risk further injury or take your chances with Jim Sorgi.
To read Cumming's full blog post, check out the Inside EA Sports Blog.


text:
Hisar judge killed after his car collides with govt jeep
Top Stories
- Lakhvi's release: PM Modi conveys India's concerns to China
- Modi must do to Raje, Swaraj what we did to Tomar: Arvind Kejriwal
- AIPMT test to be re-conducted on July 25: CBSE
- Palamu Express derails following blast by suspected Maoists in Jharkhand
- All Income Tax refunds to be put directly in bank accounts: CBDT
Hisar Additional District and Sessions Judge Pradeep Kumar (46) was killed in a road accident on Wednesday when the car he was travelling in collided with a jeep on the highway connecting Kaithal and Narwana. According to the police, Kumar was on his way to Hisar from Chandigarh when his car collided head on with a Bolero Jeep a Haryana government's vehicle coming from the opposite direction near Narwana, Jind, at around 8.30 am.
According to the police, Kumar was travelling alone in his car. Three people, including Hisar's Child Development Project officers Sushila Rawal and Sarita, and driver Karam Chand, travelling in the jeep, were admitted to a hospital after they sustained serious injuries. A case has been registered against Chand for rash and negligent driving. According to the investigating officials, Chand was trying to overtake another vehicle when the jeep rammed into Kumar's car.
Work at the Hisar court was suspended. The District Bar Association of Hisar observed a condolence meeting in the Bar room of the district courts complex in Hisar. Kumar was cremated in Khera village, Karnal, on Wednesday afternoon.
Advocate Surender Dhull, Hisar District Bar Association chief, said, "Kumar's untimely demise is a great loss. He was on a three-year posting to Hisar". Advocate Lal Bahadur Khowal, Vice-President of the association, said, "Kumar is survived by his wife and daughter, whom they adopted merely a week ago".


text:
A printed circuit board (PCB) connector assembly for a wiring harness is disclosed. The PCB connector assembly may include a PCB, a connector housing disposed on a surface of the PCB, and a plurality of ID resistors for identifying data and limiting voltages through the cordless power tool. The ID resistors are mounted on the surface of the PCB. An encapsulant covers the plurality of ID resistors.
1. A printed circuit board (PCB) connector assembly for a wiring harness, comprising: a PCB; a connector housing disposed on a surface of the PCB; a plurality of ID resistors, for identifying data and limiting voltages through a cordless power tool mounted on the surface of the PCB; and an encapsulant covering the plurality of ID resistors, where the ID resistors are configured to identify information received from a battery pack.
2. The PCB connector assembly according to
3. The PCB connector assembly according to
4. The PCB connector assembly according to
5. The PCB connector assembly according to
6. The PCB connector assembly according to
7. The PCB connector assembly according to
8. The PCB connector assembly according to
9. The PCB connector assembly according to
10. The PCB connector assembly according to
11. The PCB connector assembly according to
This U.S. non-provisional patent application claims priority to provisional application 60/731,853, filed Nov. 1, 2005, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
1. Field of the Invention
Example embodiments relate generally to identification resistors in a wire harness for cordless power tools.
2. Description of Related Art
Cordless products which use rechargeable batteries are prevalent throughout the workplace as well as in the home. From house wares to power tools, rechargeable batteries are used in numerous devices. Ordinarily, nickel—cadmium (NiCd), nickel metal hydride (NiMH) and/or Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery cells are used in these devices.
Various battery technologies can be damaged when discharged in excess of the manufacturer's recommendations. Accordingly, circuitry to prevent current flow is required to protect the pack when a battery voltage drops below a given voltage threshold, referred to as an under-voltage lockout. For example, a protection circuit in the battery pack and/or tool can sense the battery voltage, and if the voltage drops below a given voltage level the circuit directs turning off of , a discharge semiconductor device (e.g., a discharge FET) in the pack. As a result, battery cells are still susceptible to charge but will not discharge.
Accordingly, conventional battery unit with charge/discharge control and over-discharge protection is designed primarily for low-voltage portable electronic devices. Such devices are characterized by using battery packs of secondary batteries cells (such as Li-ion, NiCd, NiMH) that provide a maximum output voltage of about 4.2 volts/cell, for example.
However, much higher voltages than described above are required for power electronic devices such as cordless power tools. Accordingly, modified NiCd battery packs that provide the same or greater power at lower weight, and Li-ion battery packs which may provide higher voltage outputs than current Li-ion batteries, and at a much reduced weight (as compared to NiCd or NiMH), are being developed. A characteristic of these battery packs is that both batteries may exhibit substantially lower impedance characteristics than conventional Li-ion, NiCd and NiMH batteries.
However, as these battery technologies advance, the introduction of lower impedance chemistries and construction styles to develop secondary batteries generating substantially higher output voltages (such as at least 11 V and up, for example) can create compatibility issues with existing cordless power tools. Battery packs having lower impedance also means that the pack can supply substantially higher current to an attached electronic component, such as a power tool. As current through a motor of the attached tool increases, demagnetization forces (e.g., the number of armature turns of the motor times the current, ampere-turns) could substantially increase beyond a desired or design limit in the motor. Such undesirable demagnetization could thus potentially burn up the motor.
For example, a lower impedance electrical source could cause damage to a tool's motor when the tool is held at stall condition. During motor stall, the motor and battery impedances are the only mechanisms to limit the current since there is no back-EMF created by the motor. With a lower impedance pack, the currents would be higher. Higher currents through the motor might cause a stronger de-magnetization force than what the tool's permanent magnets were designed to withstand.
Additionally, start-up of the tool could produce excessive starting currents and cause demagnetization of the motor. Thermal overload could also be a result of using a low impedance electrical source in an existing power tool, as the new batteries may be designed to run longer and harder than what the original cordless tool system was designed. Accordingly, over-discharge or current limiting controls may need to be in place before these developing lower-impedance batteries may be use with existing cordless power tools, for example.
One approach has been to use identification (ID) resistors in the tools to identify the information received from the battery pack. The battery pack may be configured for communicating and sensing information from the tool through communication terminals in the pack. Upon communication of this data, the ID resistors act to place restrictions of the maximum power and current through the battery pack. However, most conventional ID resistors are large and take up a substantial amount of space in the power tool.
An example embodiment is directed to a printed circuit board (PCB) connector assembly for a wiring harness. The assembly may include a printed circuit board (PCB), a connector housing disposed on a surface of the PCB, and a plurality of ID resistor, for identifying data and limiting voltages through the cordless power tool. The ID resistors are mounted on the surface of the PCB. An encapsulant covers the plurality of ID resistors.
The present invention will become more apparent by describing, in detail, example embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, wherein like procedures are represented by like reference numerals, which are given by way of illustration only and thus do not limit the present invention.
It should be noted that these figures are intended to illustrate the general characteristics of method and apparatus of example embodiments of this invention, for the purpose of the description of such example embodiments herein. These drawings are not, however, to scale and may not precisely reflect the characteristics of any given embodiment, and should not be interpreted as defining or limiting the range of values or properties of example embodiments within the scope of this invention.
As used herein, power tools may be understood as a cordless power tool with the use of light-weight portable power sources, such as Li-ion battery packs that may provide the commensurate power with its use. Example power tools may include, but are not limited to, drills, high torque impact wrenches, single-handed metal working tools, nailers, hand planers, circular saws, jig saws, variable speed belt sanders, reciprocating saws, two handed drills such as rotary and demolition hammerdrills, routers, cut-off tools, plate joiners, drill presses, table saws, planers, miter saws, metal working tools, chop saws, cut-off machines, bench grinders, etc. Some of these tools may currently be commercially available only in a corded version, but may become cordless. These classifications are not intended to be inclusive of all power tools in which example embodiments of the present invention may be applied, but are only illustrative.
It should further be appreciated by one skilled in the art that the battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells disposed within a battery pack housing. The battery pack may be embodied as at least one of a lithium ion (Li-ion), a nickel cadmium (NiCd), a nickel metal hydride (NiMH) and a lead-acid battery pack, for example, in terms of the chemistry makeup of individual cells, electrodes and electrolyte of the battery pack. The battery cells may be connected in series and/or parallel.
It should be understood to those skilled in the art that components of the power tool 10, such as the motor assembly 14, the transmission assembly 16, the chuck 20 and the trigger assembly 22, are conventional in nature and therefore will not be discussed in detail in the present application.
A battery pack (not shown) may be attached to a bottom portion of the power tool 10. The battery pack may be a rechargeable high power Li-ion battery pack comprised of a plurality of Li-ion cells, for example. However, it should be appreciated that other battery cells make-up, such as, nickel cadmium (Ni—Cd), nickel metal hydride (Ni—MH) and lead-acid battery pack, may be employed.
Referring to
Referring to
As best shown in
The PCB 60 includes a plurality of surface mount technology (SMT) resistors 62 which will be described in detail later. This allows flexibility in designing other components within the tool 10, and reduces the dimension and size of the tool.
Terminal connectors 57 are attached at one end of the harness lead wires 17 for insertion into logic terminals (not shown) in a backside of the terminal block 30. The terminal connectors 57 may be right-angle board-in connectors, for example. Board-in connectors 57 provide easy of insertion and good retention once inserted into the respective terminal connections 31. The other ends of same lead wires 17 include terminal connectors (not shown) inserted in the terminals of the switch terminal block 56.
The wire harness assembly 14 also includes a diode assembly 35. The diode assembly includes a diode (not shown), a diode wire trap 53, a printed circuit board (PCB) (not shown), and a plurality of diode lead wires 55 extending from the PCB. The diode lead wires 55 may include board-in connectors 39 at ends thereof for connection to various components, such as a switch of a tool motor. The diode assembly 35 is described in detail in co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/553,652, to the inventor, filed Oct. 27, 2006 and entitled "REMOTE DIODES IN A CORDLESS TOOL", which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety herein.
Referring back to
The encapsulant 69 covers an entire surface of the PCB 61 to house and protect the ID resistors 62. In addition, the encapsulant 69 may be used to absorb the coefficients of thermal expansion mismatch in the PCB 61, which results in a higher level of reliability. The encapsulant 69 may also cover the exposed soldered ends of wire leads 17 attached to the PCB 61.
The connector housing 64 is attached to a surface of the PCB 61 opposite the surface of the ID resistors 62. By containing the ID resistors 62 in this manner, the connector housing 64 may reduce and/or prevent potential damage due to handling, vibration and/or contamination. The connector housing 64 is attached to the PCB 61 by an adhesive or by mechanical retention features disposed on a bottom underside surface of the connector housing 64 that interfaces with PCB 61.
The connector housing 64 includes 4 terminals 63 for lead wires 17 to be inserted. At the end of each lead wire 17 is a terminal connector 66. The terminal connector 66 is inserted into corresponding terminals located in the connector housing 64. The PCB 61 has a plurality of holes 65 on the surface thereof so the terminal connectors 66 interface and communicate with the ID resistors 62. The lead wires 17 extending from the PCB connector assembly 60 are connected to various terminals in accordance with an example embodiment as illustrated in
The example embodiments being thus described, it will be obvious that the same may be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as departure from the spirit and scope of the example embodiments, and all such modifications as would be obvious to one skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the described invention.
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
Referenced by
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Make a smooth transition to Word 2011, Microsoft's word processor for the Mac.
Create, format, and print a wide variety of documents in Microsoft Word 2011.
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Jerking off for a big cumshot.
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Monday's forecast will bring in the warm weather, following the past weekend of cooler temperatures. Expect sunny skies and high near 92 today, with winds from the southeast at 5 to 10 mph.
Tonight, it will be mostly clear with a low around 64. Winds will remain from the southeast at 5 to 10 mph.
Visit weather.gov to learn more about your weekly weather.
[1] mailto:email@example.com
[2] http://www.sweetwaterreporter.com/sites/default/files/weather forecast_2.jpg


text:
One hundred images picked from 3,300 go to make what is surely one of the best exhibitions of photography in the UK - and it opens this weekend at Arts Centre Washington.
With a massive choice of exciting activities and entertainment on the ground, as well as the action in the sky, there's something for everyone to see and do at Sunderland International Airshow.
Download the Summer 2015 edition of your local guide to what's on this summer.
Your views on Sunderland's highways and transport services will again be compared with others, thanks to the National Highways and Transport Public Satisfaction survey.
Canaletto's much acclaimed masterpiece 'A Regatta on the Grand Canal' is visiting Sunderland Museum & Winter Gardens this summer.
Park free in Sunderland city centre after 3pm on Thursdays, when using City Council on and off-street car parks.
Click 'Go ›' below to find a range of local services and facilities
Read the Leader of the Council's latest blogs
Use our service directory to get help, advice and keep active
We're transforming Sunderland. Find out more
Find out more (and tell us what you think) about the website


text:
Project costs slashed, but Issaquah may still see state transportation dollars
May 27, 2015
While a final answer may not arrive until the end of next month, at least one local legislator is hoping he can bring home some dollars to ease congestion on Interstate 90.
The city was in line for about $126 million for road projects in the Senate version of the state's latest budget, Mayor Fred Butler said in March.
To the Editor — May 13, 2015
May 12, 2015
Student sleep
Help make school start times later
Issaquah has joined the national Start School Later movement, where health care professionals, sleep scientists, educators, economists, legislators, parents and students are united in their concern that early school start times for teenagers are a major factor contributing to the widespread sleep deprivation facing teens, and that this constitutes a significant public health concern.
Eastside Fire & Rescue closes volunteer fire station
April 28, 2015
Resident David Johnson said the area around his home on 182nd Avenue Southeast already was plagued by some of the slowest emergency response times in the city.
And that was before Eastside Fire & Rescue closed Station 75, a small all-volunteer station at 4225 180th Ave. S.E., Bellevue, which had served the area of Interstate 90 and West Lake Sammamish Parkway.
State says damaged girder on I-90 overpass needs replacing
April 21, 2015
After examining the Interstate 90 overpass above Front Street, Washington State Department of Transportation bridge engineers have decided a damaged girder on the bridge will need to be replaced, according to information from the city and the state.
A Recology CleanScapes garbage truck struck with its lift in the air struck and damaged the bridge March 13. The lift punched a large hole in one of the bridge's girders.
"By our estimate, it'll cost $1.2 million to replace the damaged girder," said Dave McCormick, WSDOT assistant regional administrator. "We'll get started on construction later this year."
Commission studies anchor development in central area
April 21, 2015
Adopted in late 2012, the Central Issaquah Plan has been described as a long-term vision for the city that would bring about a dense urban core, a mix of residential and commercial development.
While a few projects are already underway, at the behest of the Issaquah City Council, the city Economic Vitality Commission has identified a number of locations and issues that eventually could receive some extra attention from the city leading to development of anchor projects within the plan area. Regarding the development sites, that extra attention will likely consist of some form of economic incentive.
Issaquah's annual cleanup day is Saturday
April 21, 2015
Members of the Downtown Issaquah Association have learned over the years that as clean as the city looks, there's still a need to tidy up after a careless few.
Thus, the association's annual effort to pick up trash in the downtown corridor has grown into a more encompassing event — the third annual, citywide Keep Issaquah Beautiful Day.
The cleanup is from 9 a.m. to noon April 25. The beautification project has grown past the length of Front Street to include: Read more
Westbound Interstate 90 traffic detoured April 17-20
April 17, 2015
NEW — 6 a.m. April 17, 2015
Beginning at 11 p.m. April 17, the crews working for the Washington State Department of Transportation and Sound Transit will reroute all westbound lanes of Interstate 90 to the express lanes between Bellevue Way Southeast and Rainier Avenue South until 5 a.m. April 20.
That will allow contractor crews to continue upgrades to the operations and safety systems in the westbound Mount Baker and Mercer Island tunnels.
Suspect drives stolen vehicle to Washington State Patrol office
March 19, 2015
NEW — 3:11 p.m. March 19, 2015
Washington State Patrol detectives say it's the easiest auto theft arrest they'd ever had.
An alert motorist, recognizing a stolen vehicle he'd seen from a posting on a European motorist Facebook club, saw the vehicle driving in the Issaquah area on Wednesday, according to a WSP news release.
The motorist got video of the suspect driving around Issaquah and used his cellular phone to report his observations, and then continued following it along Interstate 90 between Issaquah and Bellevue.
The vehicle exited I-90 and drove into the Washington State Patrol district office parking lot in Bellevue, where troopers arrested the driver for auto theft at about 3 p.m.
Truck punches hole in I-90/Front Street overpass girder
March 17, 2015
A Recology CleanScapes truck hit the side of the eastbound Interstate 90 overpass over Front Street North on March 13.
The company hauls trash in parts of Issaquah.
The lift that slides a trash bin off the truck was in the up position, and it tore a large hole in the bridge girders. Crumbled concrete was strewn about and a large hole was gouged in the pavement from the overhead force that stopped the truck.
That force was so great that it bent the cab of the truck all the way forward and it slammed into the pavement.
Teen seriously injured in Highlands Drive accident
March 15, 2015
NEW — 1 p.m. March 15, 2015
A teenage driver was seriously injured in a single-vehicle accident along Highlands Drive Northeast at about 9 a.m. Sunday, according to a news release from the city of Issaquah.
The 16-year-old girl, who was the only occupant in the vehicle, was traveling southbound at a high rate of speed along Highlands Drive between Northeast Discovery Drive and Interstate 90.
She lost control of the vehicle, crossed all opposite traffic lanes and went over a guardrail into a wooded area below the roadway.
The driver was transported to Harborview Medical Center with serious injuries.
Issaquah police are on the scene investigating the accident with assistance from the Washington State Patrol, the release said. It is unknown at this time if alcohol or drugs were a factor in the crash.
Drivers should prepare for possible delays. As the investigation continues, only one lane of northbound Highlands Drive is open. All southbound lanes are open.


text:
... more
Come to Falmouth.
More waterfront than any other town in the US, beaches, resturants, golf, AND trash pickup!
Plus, you get to live at ... more
1- Its a short sale and the bank is requiring certain proceeds. It is not listed as a short sale though.
2- Sometimes sell ... more
I am happy to help! Give me a call and we can get started! I work in Middleton two days a week and know the Tri-town very well. Boxford and Topsfield are your other options, of ... more
http://www.greatschools.org/search/search.page?c=school&lc=e&q=middleton&search_type=0&st=public&st ... more


text:
I recently drew a script logotype to accompany the other identity pieces for The Christiana Motel.
This one will be fabricated into a sign for the side of the building itself. There's a whole set of collateral that I look forward to sharing soon as well.
You can see more of my work for this Motel here.
More Riley Cran
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