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Methods of Using Existing Wire Lines (power lines, phone lines, internet lines) for Totally Secure Classical Communication Utilizing Kirchoff's Law and Johnson-like Noise
E-Print Network [OSTI]
We outline some general solutions to use already existing and currently used wire lines, such as power lines, phone lines, internet lines, etc, for the unconditionally secure communication method based on Kirchoff's Law and Johnson-like Noise (KLJN). Two different methods are shown. One is based on filters used at single wires and the other one utilizes a common mode voltage superimposed on a three-phase powerline.
Laszlo B. Kish
Utility Lines and Facilities (Montana)
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
These regulations apply to the construction of utility and power lines and facilities. They address the use of public right-of-ways for such construction, underground power lines, and construction...
Power Sales to Electric Utilities
SciTech Connect (OSTI)
The Public Utilities Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA) of 1979 requires that electrical utilities interconnect with qualifying facilities and purchase electricity at a rate based upon their full avoided costs (i.e., costs of providing both capacity and energy). Qualifying facilities (QF) include solar or geothermal electric units, hydropower, municipal solid waste or biomass-fired power plants, and cogeneration projects that satisfy maximum size, fuel use, ownership, location, and/or efficiency criteria. In Washington State, neither standard power purchase prices based upon a proxy ''avoided plant'', standard contracts, or a standard offer process have been used. Instead, a variety of power purchase contracts have been negotiated by developers of qualifying facilities with investor-owned utilities, public utility districts, and municipally-owned and operated utilities. With a hydro-based system, benefits associated with resource acquisition are determined in large part by how compatible the resource is with a utility's existing generation mix. Power purchase rates are negotiated and vary according to firm energy production, guarantees, ability to schedule maintenance or downtime, rights of refusal, power plant purchase options, project start date and length of contract; front-loading or levelization provisions; and the ability of the project to provide ''demonstrated'' capacity. Legislation was also enacted which allows PURPA to work effectively. Initial laws established ownership rights and provided irrigation districts, PUDs, and municipalities with expanded enabling powers. Financial processes were streamlined and, in some cases, simplified. Finally, laws were passed which are designed to ensure that development proceeds in an environmentally acceptable manner. In retrospect, PURPA has worked well within Washington. In the state of Washington, 20 small-scale hydroelectric projects with a combined generating capacity of 77 MW, 3 solid waste-to-energy facilities with 55 MW of electrical output, 4 cogeneration projects with 34.5 MW of generating capability, and 4 wastewater treatment facility digester gas-to-energy projects with 5 MW of electrical production have come on-line (or are in the final stages of construction) since the passage of PURPA. These numbers represent only a small portion of Washington's untapped and underutilized cogeneration and renewable resource generating potentials. [DJE-2005
Mandatory Utility Green Power Option
All electric utilities operating in Iowa, including those not rate-regulated by the Iowa Utilities Board (IUB), are required to offer green power options to their customers. These programs allow...
Power line detection system
DOE Patents [OSTI]
A short-range, radio frequency (RF) transmitting-receiving system that provides both visual and audio warnings to the pilot of a helicopter or light aircraft of an up-coming power transmission line complex. Small, milliwatt-level narrowband transmitters, powered by the transmission line itself, are installed on top of selected transmission line support towers or within existing warning balls, and provide a continuous RF signal to approaching aircraft. The on-board receiver can be either a separate unit or a portion of the existing avionics, and can also share an existing antenna with another airborne system. Upon receipt of a warning signal, the receiver will trigger a visual and an audio alarm to alert the pilot to the potential power line hazard.
Latorre, Victor R. (Tracy, CA); Watwood, Donald B. (Tracy, CA)
A short-range, radio frequency (RF) transmitting-receiving system that provides both visual and audio warnings to the pilot of a helicopter or light aircraft of an up-coming power transmission line complex. Small, milliwatt-level narrowband transmitters, powered by the transmission line itself, are installed on top of selected transmission line support towers or within existing warning balls, and provide a continuous RF signal to approaching aircraft. The on-board receiver can be either a separate unit or a portion of the existing avionics, and can also share an existing antenna with another airborne system. Upon receipt of a warning signal, the receiver will trigger a visual and an audio alarm to alert the pilot to the potential power line hazard. 4 figs.
Latorre, V.R.; Watwood, D.B.
Legislation enacted in 2009 directed the Maine Public Utilities Commission (PUC) to develop a program offering green power as an option to residential and small commercial customers in the state....
Work Force Planning for Public Power Utilities
Work Force Planning for Public Power Utilities: Ensuring Resources to Meet Projected Utilities Need to Do More to Prepare for Their Future Work Force Needs.............................................................................20 #12;ii Work Force Planning for Public Power Utilities #12;1 Work Force Planning for Public Power
Trees and Power Lines: Minimizing Conflicts between Electric Power
Urban Forestry Act of 1978 11 d. Urban Forest Protocols 11 e. California Solar Shade Control Acts 11 f General Benefits 8 6. History of the Urban Forest in America 9 7. Summary of California Law Affecting Urban Forests 10 a. Basic State Law Provisions 10 b. Power Line Clearances by Utilities 10 c. California
Kammen, Daniel M.
Utility Power Plant Construction (Indiana)
This statute requires a certificate of necessity from the Indiana Utility Regulatory Commission for the construction, purchase, or lease of an electricity generation facility by a public utility.
Objective determination of optimal power line designs.
??Includes abstract. The thesis investigated the possibility of overhead power line designs being decided by using an objective rather thana subjective method. Power lines are� (more)
Stephen, Robert G.
In Montana, regulated electric utilities are required to offer customers the option of purchasing electricity generated by certified, environmentally-preferred resources that include, but are not...
In May 2001, Washington enacted legislation (EHB 2247) that requires all electric utilities serving more than 25,000 customers to offer customers the option of purchasing renewable energy. Eligible...
In addition to meeting the requirements of the state [http://www.dsireusa.org/library/includes/incentive2.cfm?Incentive_Code=N... renewables portfolio standard], New Mexico investor-owned utilities...
UTILITY PLANNING ISSUES Northwest Power and Conservation Council August 9, 2011
UTILITY PLANNING ISSUES Northwest Power and Conservation Council August 9, 2011 #12;Inland Overview Largest co-op in Washington 39,000 meters 13 counties 7500 miles of line #12;Customers Per Mile of Line - Power Don't need a lot of additional power 3 MW by 2016; 8 by 2020 Formed group of 20 smaller utilities
Electric Utility Transmission and Distribution Line Engineering Program
Economic development in the United States depends on a reliable and affordable power supply. The nation will need well educated engineers to design a modern, safe, secure, and reliable power grid for our future needs. An anticipated shortage of qualified engineers has caused considerable concern in many professional circles, and various steps are being taken nationwide to alleviate the potential shortage and ensure the North American power system's reliability, and our world-wide economic competitiveness. To help provide a well-educated and trained workforce which can sustain and modernize the nation's power grid, Gonzaga University's School of Engineering and Applied Science has established a five-course (15-credit hour) Certificate Program in Transmission and Distribution (T&D) Engineering. The program has been specifically designed to provide working utility engineering professionals with on-line access to advanced engineering courses which cover modern design practice with an industry-focused theoretical foundation. A total of twelve courses have been developed to-date and students may select any five in their area of interest for the T&D Certificate. As each course is developed and taught by a team of experienced engineers (from public and private utilities, consultants, and industry suppliers), students are provided a unique opportunity to interact directly with different industry experts over the eight weeks of each course. Course material incorporates advanced aspects of civil, electrical, and mechanical engineering disciplines that apply to power system design and are appropriate for graduate engineers. As such, target students for the certificate program include: (1) recent graduates with a Bachelor of Science Degree in an engineering field (civil, mechanical, electrical, etc.); (2) senior engineers moving from other fields to the utility industry (i.e. paper industry to utility engineering or project management positions); and (3) regular working professionals wishing to update their skills or increase their knowledge of utility engineering design practices and procedures. By providing graduate educational opportunities for the above groups, the T&D Program will help serve a strong industry need for training the next generation of engineers in the cost-effective design, construction, operation, and maintenance of modern electrical transmission and distribution systems. In addition to developing the on-line engineering courses described above, the T&D Program also focused significant efforts towards enhancing the training opportunities available to power system operators in the northwest. These efforts have included working with outside vendors to provide NERC-approved training courses in Gonzaga University's (GU) system operator training facility, support for an accurate system model which can be used in regional blackstart exercises, and the identification of a retired system operator who could provide actual regional training courses. The GU system operator training facility is also being used to recruit young workers, veterans, and various under-represented groups to the utility industry. Over the past three years students from Columbia Gorge Community College, Spokane Falls Community College, Walla Walla Community College, Central Washington University, Eastern Washington University, Gonzaga University, and various local high schools have attended short (one-day) system operator training courses free of charge. These collaboration efforts has been extremely well received by both students and industry, and meet T&D Program objectives of strengthening the power industry workforce while bridging the knowledge base across power worker categories, and recruiting new workers to replace a predominantly retirement age workforce. In the past three years the T&D Program has provided over 170 utility engineers with access to advanced engineering courses, been involved in training more than 300 power system operators, and provided well over 500 college and high school students with an experienc
Peter McKenny
Utilizing the Traction Drive Power Electronics System to Provide...
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
Utilizing the Traction Drive Power Electronics System to Provide Plug-in Capability for PHEVs Utilizing the Traction Drive Power Electronics System to Provide Plug-in Capability...
From Investor-owned Utility to Independent Power Producer
Connecticut Light & Power Co Entergy Gulf States Ine HolyokeCompany Northeast Utilities Entergy Corporation Northeast
Ishii, Jun
Ames Lab 101: Next Generation Power Lines
Ames Laboratory scientist Alan Russell discusses the need to develop new power lines that are stronger and more conductive as a way to address the problem of the nation's aging and inadequate power grid.
Russell, Alan
ScienceCinema (OSTI)
Energy measurement utilizing on-line chromatograph
Most gas contracts today have at least a BTU specification and many use MMBTU (million BTU) rather than gas volume for custody transfer measurement. Gas chromatography is today being chosen more and more because the calculations of the gas volumes in modem electronic flow meters requires not only BTU{sub 5} information, but specific gravity, Mol % CO{sub 2} and Mol % N{sub 2}. The new AGA-8 supercompressibility equations also require a complete hydrocarbon analysis. What then, is a BTU? BTU is the acronym for British Thermal Unit. One BTU is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water from 58.5{degrees}F to 59.5{degrees}F (about 1055.056 joules (SI))3. The higher the BTU content, the more energy can be obtained from burning the gas. It just doesn`t take as many cubic feet of gas to heat the home hot water tank if the gas is 1090 BTU instead of 940 BTU per SCF. The BTU, then, is a prime indicator of natural gas quality. An MMBTU{sup 2} is calculated by: BTU/CF * MMCF = MMBTU What is it worth to keep track of the natural gas BTU? If we postulate 1000 BTU/CF as fairly average for natural gas, and {+-} 5% error between doing a lab determination of the heating value on a spot sample of the gas and an on- line (nearly continuous) monitor of the heating value, this results in a {+-} 50 BTU difference. On a station that has 50 MMCF per day at $2.50 per MCF or MMBTU, this is $125,000.00 worth of gas per day. Five percent of this is $6,250.00 per day. If a process chromatograph, $50,000 installed cost, is used to determine the energy content a pay out of less than 10 days is obtained on a 50 MMCF/day station. Most major interconnects have on- line BTU measurement of some sort today.
Kizer, P.E. [Applied Automation, Inc./Hartmann and Braun, Houston, TX (United States)
Idaho Public Utilities Commission Approves Neal Hot Springs Power...
Open Energy Info (EERE)
Public Utilities Commission Approves Neal Hot Springs Power Purchase Agreement Jump to: navigation, search OpenEI Reference LibraryAdd to library Report: Idaho Public Utilities...
High-frequency transformer isolated power conditioning system for fuel cells to utility interface.
??This thesis presents interfacing of fuel cells to a single-phase utility line using a high-frequency transformer isolated power converter. This research contributes towards selecting a� (more)
Rathore, Akshay Kumar
Greg Rutherford Executive Director Global Power & Utilities Investment...
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
Director Global Power & Utilities Investment Banking Morgan Stanley Bankability of Electricity Transmission, Storage and Distribution Infrastructure Investment Opening...
Jon C. Arnold Managing Director, Worldwide Power and Utilities
. Jon C. Arnold Managing Director, Worldwide Power and Utilities Microsoft Corporation Jon Arnold is the Managing Director, Worldwide Power and Utilities for Microsoft. As Microsoft's senior executive for Power and Utilities his primary responsibility is to establish and drive Microsoft's industry strategy, which extends
Community Trees Power Lines and Trees
aesthetic and psychological benefits. Figure 2. Grown into a power pole. #12;become hazardous to peopleCommunity Trees Power Lines and Trees Introduction Trees serve many purposes in urban and rural, hundreds of people throughout the United States are injured or killed each year when they climb or prune
Koford, Rolf R.
EIS-0447: Champlain Hudson Power Express Transmission Line Project...
7: Champlain Hudson Power Express Transmission Line Project, New York EIS-0447: Champlain Hudson Power Express Transmission Line Project, New York Summary This EIS evaluates the...
Power Utility Maximization in Constrained Exponential Lvy Models
Power Utility Maximization in Constrained Exponential Lévy Models Marcel Nutz ETH Zurich. Abstract We study power utility maximization for exponential Lévy models with portfolio constraints, where utility is obtained from consumption and/or terminal wealth. For convex constraints, an explicit solution
Nutz, Marcel
Concurrent Wind Cooling in Power Transmission Lines
Idaho National Laboratory and the Idaho Power Company, with collaboration from Idaho State University, have been working on a project to monitor wind and other environmental data parameters along certain electrical transmission corridors. The combination of both real-time historical weather and environmental data is being used to model, validate, and recommend possibilities for dynamic operations of the transmission lines for power and energy carrying capacity. The planned results can also be used to influence decisions about proposed design criteria for or upgrades to certain sections of the transmission lines.
Jake P Gentle
Utility system integration and optimization models for nuclear power management
A nuclear power management model suitable for nuclear utility systems optimization has been developed for use in multi-reactor fuel management planning over periods of up to ten years. The overall utility planning model ...
Deaton, Paul Ferris
Materials research and beam line operation utilizing NSLS
MATRIX, a participating research team of Midwest x-ray scattering specialists, continues to operate beam line X-18A at NSLS. Operations of this line now provides state-of-the-art capabilities to a wide range of people in the Materials Science and Engineering research community. Improvements of the beam line continue to be a focus of MATRIX. Throughout this past year the emphasis has been shifting towards improvement in user friendly'' aspects. Simplified control operations and a shift to single-user personal computer has been a major part of the effort. Over the past year the full 242 operational days were utilized. Beam line test and evaluation consumed 21 days with eight MATRIX groups combining to use 170 days. General user demand for use of the beam line continues to be strong and three groups were provided 51 operating days. Research production has been growing as NSLS and the beam line become a more stable type of operation. For 1990 the MATRIX group published nine articles. To data for 1991 the same group has published, submitted, or has in preparation twelve articles. Among the milestones achieved last year on MATRIX member obtained the first data from a new ultra high vacuum chamber with low temperature capability. This is a unique capability at NSLS. Another member demonstrated grazing incidence small angle x-ray scattering capability for kinetic studies of film growth.
Liedl, G.L.
Materials research and beam line operation utilizing NSLS. Progress report
MATRIX, a participating research team of Midwest x-ray scattering specialists, continues to operate beam line X-18A at NSLS. Operations of this line now provides state-of-the-art capabilities to a wide range of people in the Materials Science and Engineering research community. Improvements of the beam line continue to be a focus of MATRIX. Throughout this past year the emphasis has been shifting towards improvement in ``user friendly`` aspects. Simplified control operations and a shift to single-user personal computer has been a major part of the effort. Over the past year the full 242 operational days were utilized. Beam line test and evaluation consumed 21 days with eight MATRIX groups combining to use 170 days. General user demand for use of the beam line continues to be strong and three groups were provided 51 operating days. Research production has been growing as NSLS and the beam line become a more stable type of operation. For 1990 the MATRIX group published nine articles. To data for 1991 the same group has published, submitted, or has in preparation twelve articles. Among the milestones achieved last year on MATRIX member obtained the first data from a new ultra high vacuum chamber with low temperature capability. This is a unique capability at NSLS. Another member demonstrated grazing incidence small angle x-ray scattering capability for kinetic studies of film growth.
MATRIX, a participating research team of Midwest x-ray scattering specialists, continues to operate beam line X-18A at NSLS. Operations of this line now provides state-of-the-art capabilities to a wide range of people in the Materials Science and Engineering research community. Improvements of the beam line continue to be a focus of MATRIX. Throughout this past year the emphasis has been shifting towards improvement in ``user friendly`` aspects. Simplified control operations and a shift to single-user personal computer has been a major part of the effort. Over the past year all 232 operational days were fully utilized. Beam line tests coupled with MATRIX members combined to use 284 days. General user demand for use of the beam line continues to be strong and four groups were provided 48 operating days. Research production has been growing as NSLS and the beam line become a more stable type of operation. For 1992 the MATRIX group published six articles. To date, for 1993 the same group has published, submitted, or has in preparation nine articles. Recent research milestones include: the first quantitative structural information on the as-quenched and early stages of decomposition of supersaturated Al-Li alloys; the first quantitative diffuse scattering measurements on a complex system (Co substitute for Cu YBCO superconductor); demonstration of capabilities of a new UHV surface diffraction chamber with in-situ characterization and temperature control (30-1300K); feasibility of phasing structure factors in a quasicrystal using multiple Bragg scattering.
New Advanced System Utilizes Industrial Waste Heat to Power Water...
Water Reuse ADVANCED MANUFACTURING OFFICE New Advanced System Utilizes Industrial Waste Heat to Power Water Purification Introduction As population growth and associated factors...
Combined Heat and Power with Your Local Utility
Presentation�given at the Fall 2012 Federal Utility Partnership Working Group (FUPWG) meeting�covers combined heat and power (CHP) and its uses, configurations, considerations, and more.
An integrated optimal design method for utility power distribution systems.
??This dissertation presents a comprehensive and integrated design methodology to optimize both the electrical and the economic performance of a utility power distribution system. The� (more)
Fehr, Ralph E
Appendix S-50 - Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) - Public Utilities...
Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) - Public Utilities Commission Jump to: navigation, search OpenEI Reference LibraryAdd to library PermittingRegulatory Guidance - Instructions:...
Optimal Demand Response Based on Utility Maximization in Power Networks
Optimal Demand Response Based on Utility Maximization in Power Networks Na Li, Lijun Chen different appliances including PHEVs and batteries and propose a demand response approach based on utility. The utility company can thus use dynamic pricing to coordinate demand responses to the benefit of the overall
Low, Steven H.
Regional vs. Utility Planning Power Committee Webinar
Power Webinar 7 January Capacity Reserve Margin Expected Build-Out Schedule -10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50
Minimizing Simultaneous Switching Noise at Reduced Power with Power Transmission Lines for
Minimizing Simultaneous Switching Noise at Reduced Power with Power Transmission Lines for High] by replacing the power plane structure with a power transmission line (PTL). In this paper, a new power switching noise; power transmission line I. INTRODUCTION The rapid increase in data rates and transistor
Swaminathan, Madhavan
Design and Performance Evaluation of an Hybrid Reservation-Polling MAC Protocol for Power-Line
channel. Moreover, by slightly reducing the system utilization, a target 1% packet loss ratio can be met remote electricity meter reading, energy management, appliance control and maintenance, home automation) is a quickly developing technology, aiming at the utilization of low-voltage power lines for the transmission
Tinnirello, Ilenia
Mandatory Green Power Option for Large Municipal Utilities
Municipal electric utilities serving more than 40,000 customers in Colorado must offer an optional green-power program that allows retail customers the choice of supporting emerging renewable...
Reference: RGL 83-09 Subject: POWER TRANSMISSION LINES
Reference: RGL 83-09 Subject: POWER TRANSMISSION LINES Title: MARKING OF AERIAL POWER TRANSMISSION. 1. The marking of aerial power transmission lines, cables, and structures over the navigable waters LINES, CABLES, & STRUCTURES Issued: 07/13/83 Expires: 12/31/85 Originator: DAEN-CWO-N Description: ARMY
US Army Corps of Engineers
Utility & Regulatory Factors Affecting Cogeneration & Independent Power Plant Design & Operation
UTILITY & REGULATORY FACTORS AFFECTiNG COGENERATION & INDEPENDENT POWER PLANT DESIGN & OPERATION Richard P. Felak General Electric Company Schenectady, New York ABSTRACT In specifying a cogeneration or independent power plant, the owner... should be especially aware of the influences which electric utilities and regulatory bodies will have on key parameters such as size, efficiency, design. reliability/ availabilitY, operating capabilities and modes, etc. This paper will note examples...
Felak, R. P.
Power generating system and method utilizing hydropyrolysis
A vapor transmission cycle is described which burns a slurry of coal and water with some of the air from the gas turbine compressor, cools and cleans the resulting low-Btu fuel gas, burns the clean fuel gas with the remaining air from the compressor, and extracts the available energy in the gas turbine. The cycle lends itself to combined-cycle cogeneration for the production of steam, absorption cooling, and electric power.
Tolman, R.
Electrolysis: Information and Opportunities for Electric Power Utilities
Recent advancements in hydrogen technologies and renewable energy applications show promise for economical near- to mid-term conversion to a hydrogen-based economy. As the use of hydrogen for the electric utility and transportation sectors of the U.S. economy unfolds, electric power utilities need to understand the potential benefits and impacts. This report provides a historical perspective of hydrogen, discusses the process of electrolysis for hydrogen production (especially from solar and wind technologies), and describes the opportunities for electric power utilities.
Kroposki, B.; Levene, J.; Harrison, K.; Sen, P.K.; Novachek, F.
Sandia National Laboratories: utility-scale power
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1developmentturbineredox-activeNationalhydrogen componentsutility-scale power Sandia
Utility-Scale Solar Power Converter: Agile Direct Grid Connect Medium Voltage 4.7-13.8 kV Power Converter for PV Applications Utilizing Wide Band Gap Devices
Solar ADEPT Project: Satcon is developing a compact, lightweight power conversion device that is capable of taking utility-scale solar power and outputting it directly into the electric utility grid at distribution voltage levels�eliminating the need for large transformers. Transformers �step up� the voltage of the power that is generated by a solar power system so it can be efficiently transported through transmission lines and eventually �stepped down� to usable voltages before it enters homes and businesses. Power companies step up the voltage because less electricity is lost along transmission lines when the voltage is high and current is low. Satcon�s new power conversion devices will eliminate these heavy transformers and connect a utility-scale solar power system directly to the grid. Satcon�s modular devices are designed to ensure reliability�if one device fails it can be bypassed and the system can continue to run.
Project: UAF Utilities Waste Line Repairs Ch6 to Ch13 Project No: 2013101 UTWH
Project: UAF Utilities Waste Line Repairs Ch6 to Ch13 Project No: 2013101 UTWH Subject: Project Schedule Project Duration: May 27 to August 10, 2014 The sewer line will be constructed in phases
Ickert-Bond, Steffi
Power line harmonic radiation (PLHR) observed by the DEMETER spacecraft
Power line harmonic radiation (PLHR) observed by the DEMETER spacecraft F. Nemec,1,2 O. Santoli´k,3 January 2006; published 22 April 2006. [1] Results of a systematic survey of Power Line Harmonic Radiation from the electric power systems which are magnetically conjugated with the place of observation
Santolik, Ondrej
Power line harmonic radiation: A systematic study using DEMETER spacecraft
Power line harmonic radiation: A systematic study using DEMETER spacecraft F. Nemec a,b,*, O of a systematic survey of Power line harmonic radiation (PLHR) observed by the DEMETER spacecraft. DEME- TER frequency spacing corresponds well to the power system frequency at anticipated source locations. Moreover
Optical fiber networks boost utilities` power to thrive
Recent legislative and regulatory initiatives have propelled the electric power industry onto the information superhighway. Utility companies are not only becoming large users of the information superhighway, but they also are building the physical network to carry the traffic. Some utilities are implementing fiber-optic projects that match or even exceed the size, scope and capabilities of networks installed by telecommunications firms and cable-television companies. Current optical-fiber deployments range from hundreds or thousands of route miles planned or installed by large utilities-such as Entergy and The Southern Company-to networks of just a few route miles envisioned by many smaller municipalities.
McDonald, M.; Boxer, M.
Evaluation of the Geothermal Public Power Utility Workshops in California
The federal government devotes significant resources to educating consumers and businesses about geothermal energy. Yet little evidence exists for defining the kinds of information needed by the various audiences with specialized needs. This paper presents the results of an evaluation of the Geothermal Municipal Utility Workshops that presented information on geothermal energy to utility resource planners at customer-owned utilities in California. The workshops were sponsored by the Western Area Power Administration and the U.S. Department of Energy's GeoPowering the West Program and were intended to qualitatively assess the information needs of municipal utilities relative to geothermal energy and get feedback for future workshops. The utility workshop participants found the geothermal workshops to be useful and effective for their purposes. An important insight from the workshops is that utilities need considerable lead-time to plan a geothermal project. They need to know whether it is better to own a project or to purchase geothermal electricity from another nonutility owner. California customer-owned utilities say they do not need to generate more electricity to meet demand, but they do need to provide more electricity from renewable resources to meet the requirements of the state's Renewable Portfolio Standard.
Farhar, B. C.
Power Control and Transmission Scheduling for Network Utility Maximization in Wireless Networks
Power Control and Transmission Scheduling for Network Utility Maximization in Wireless Networks Min power control and transmis- sion scheduling problem in wireless networks with average power constraints. Index Terms--Network utility maximization, power control, transmission scheduling, column generation I
Sharma, Vinod
Power electronics in electric utilities: HVDC power transmission systems
High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) power transmission systems constitute an important application of power electronics technology. This paper reviews salient aspects of this growing industry. The paper summarizes the history of HVDC transmission and discusses the economic and technical reasons responsible for development of HVDC systems. The paper also describes terminal design and basic configurations of HVDC systems, as well as major equipments of HVDC transmission system. In this regard, the state-of-the-art technology in the equipments constructions are discussed. Finally, the paper reviews future developments in the HVDC transmission systems, including promising technologies, such as multiterminal configurations, Gate Turn-Off (GTO) devices, forced commutation converters, and new advances in control electronics.
Nozari, F.; Patel, H.S.
An Exact Algorithm for Power Grid Interdiction Problem with Line ...
late the problem of optimal interdiction of an electric power network as a ...... general, critical lines. .... �Co-optimization of generation unit commitment and.
Radio frequency communication system utilizing radiating transmission lines
A radio communication system for use in tunnels, mines, buildings or other shielded locations in which a pair of radiating transmission lines (30), (31) extend through such location in spaced coextensive relation to each other. Each transmission line (30), (31) has at least one unidirectional amplifier (32), (33) interposed therein with the sense of the unidirectional amplifier (32) of one transmission line (30) being opposite to the sense of the unidirectional amplifier (33) of the other transmission line (31). Each of the amplifiers (32), (33) has a gain which is less than the coupling loss between the transmission lines (30), (31). Two or more mobile transceivers (35) in the location served by the system are coupled to the transmission lines (30), (31) by electromagnetic wave propagation in space in order to communicate directly with each other at a given radio frequency within the frequency range of the system.
Struven, Warren C. (San Carlos, CA)
Identifying Energy Waste through Dense Power Sensing and Utilization Monitoring
Identifying Energy Waste through Dense Power Sensing and Utilization Monitoring Maria Kazandjieva the efficiency of such a computing system requires detailed data of both en- ergy consumption and energy waste to differentiate energy used well from energy waste. This is an important difference from pre- vious work [8, 14
Stanford University
Utilization of Estonian oil shale at power plants
Estonian oil shale belongs to the carbonate class and is characterized as a solid fuel with very high mineral matter content (60--70% in dry mass), moderate moisture content (9--12%) and low heating value (LHV 8--10 MJ/kg). Estonian oil shale deposits lie in layers interlacing mineral stratas. The main constituent in mineral stratas is limestone. Organic matter is joined with sandy-clay minerals in shale layers. Estonian oil shale at power plants with total capacity of 3060 MW{sub e} is utilized in pulverized form. Oil shale utilization as fuel, with high calcium oxide and alkali metal content, at power plants is connected with intensive fouling, high temperature corrosion and wear of steam boiler`s heat transfer surfaces. Utilization of Estonian oil shale is also associated with ash residue use in national economy and as absorbent for flue gas desulfurization system.
Ots, A. [Tallin Technical Univ. (Estonia). Thermal Engineering Department
Secretary Chu Thanks Utility Staff and Line Workers For Their...
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
move on to continue assisting other areas still recovering from the storm. Yesterday, Energy Secretary Steven Chu met with Pepco line workers in Maryland as they prepared to go...
Multifrequency Wilkinson Power Divider Using Microstrip Nonuniform Transmission Lines
Multifrequency Wilkinson Power Divider Using Microstrip Nonuniform Transmission Lines Mohammad desired frequencies. The proposed structure contains two Microstrip Nonuniform Transmission Lines (MNTLs6] and using composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH) [7]. The main disadvantage of multistage
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Characterization of underground cable incipient failures from on-line monitoring of underground distribution power systems
With the imminent re-regulation of the power industry and investor owned utilities becoming more cost conscious, the need for an on-line, non-destructive, incipient cable fault detection system is prevalent. With such an incipient fault detection...
Cardoso, Jesus
Abstract--Power Line Communications (PLC) is used for information exchange over the lines
Abstract-- Power Line Communications (PLC) is used for information exchange over the lines installed for delivering the electrical power. Inhome PLC is a technology which delivers telecom services to every corner of a household through already existing electrical wiring. In recent years, PLC has emerged
Boyer, Edmond
Appendix S-51 - Transmission Line Approval - Public Utilities Commission |
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 NoPublic Utilities Address: 160 East 300Algoil JumpAltergyExperimentsInformationAnuvuCommission | Open EnergyOpen
Uranium Neutron Coincidence Collar Model Utilizing Boron-10 Lined Tubes
The Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Safeguards and Security (NA-241) is supporting the project Coincidence Counting With Boron-Based Alternative Neutron Detection Technology at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) for the development of a 3He proportional counter alternative neutron coincidence counter. The goal of this project is to design, build and demonstrate a system based upon 10B-lined proportional tubes in a configuration typical for 3He-based coincidence counter applications. This report, providing results for model development of Alternative Boron-Based Uranium Neutron Coincidence Collar (ABUNCL) designs, is a deliverable under Task 2 of the project.
Rogers, Jeremy L.; Ely, James H.; Kouzes, Richard T.; Lintereur, Azaree T.; Siciliano, Edward R.
Living and Working Safely Around High-Voltage Power Lines.
High-voltage transmission lines can be just as safe as the electrical wiring in the homes--or just as dangerous. The crucial factor is ourselves: they must learn to behave safely around them. This booklet is a basic safety guide for those who live and work around power lines. It deals primarily with nuisance shocks due to induced voltages, and with potential electric shock hazards from contact with high-voltage lines. References on possible long-term biological effects of transmission lines are shown. In preparing this booklet, the Bonneville Power Administration has drawn on more than 50 years of experience with high-voltage transmission. BPA operates one of the world`s largest networks of long-distance, high-voltage lines. This system has more than 400 substations and about 15,000 miles of transmission lines, almost 4,400 miles of which are operated at 500,000 volts.
United States. Bonneville Power Administration.
The interconnection of photovoltaic power systems with the utility grid: An overview for utility engineers
Utility-interactive (UI) photovoltaic power systems mounted on residences and commercial buildings are likely to become a small, but important source of electric generation in the next century. This is a new concept in utility power production--a change from large-scale central generation to small-scale dispersed generation. As such, it requires a re-examination of many existing standards and practices to enable the technology to develop and emerge into the marketplace. Much work has been done over the last 20 years to identify and solve the potential problems associated with dispersed power generation systems. This report gives an overview of these issues and also provides a guide to applicable codes, standards and other related documents. The main conclusion that can be drawn from this work is that there are no major technical barriers to the implementation of dispersed PV generating systems. While more technical research is needed in some specific areas, the remaining barriers are fundamentally price and policy.
Wills, R.H. [Solar Design Associates, Harvard, MA (United States)
Unconventional energy - for a public-power utility
The paper describes a few of the hundreds of projects annually featured in the Public Power Innovation list published in the American Public Power Association's (APPA) Public Power magazine. These innovative approaches include feasibility studies, developments or demonstrations in the use of alternative fuels such as low-Btu corncob gas in a diesel generating set, the burning of corn waste in suitably modified steam boilers, anaerobic digestion of solid waste to produce methane, increasing the energy content of gas so produced from 350 Btu/cu ft to approximately 1000 Btu/cu ft by the Binax system, gasified peat for diesel power plants, the use of waste heat from diesel plants in a Rankine-cycle bottoming system, and the use of coal-derived liquid fuel in diesel engines. Other approaches include the phosphoric acid fuel cell, solar heating and cooling systems, photoelectric cell arrays, wind power, small low-head hydroelectric plants, and cogeneration systems. Other public electric utilities are providing free energy audits to their customers, and offering water-to-air heat pumps.
Leber, R.E.
Utility Incentives for Combined Heat and Power | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 NoPublic Utilities Address: 160 East 300 South Place: Salt Lake City, Utah Zip: 84111Jumpand Power Jump to:
Central Wind Power Forecasting Programs in North America by Regional Transmission Organizations and Electric Utilities
The report addresses the implementation of central wind power forecasting by electric utilities and regional transmission organizations in North America.
Porter, K.; Rogers, J.
Requirements for Power Plant and Power Line Development (Wisconsin)
This page describes requirements for obtaining a Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity (CPCN) or a Certificate of Authority (CA), one of which is required for any new power plant...
Number and propagation of line outages in cascading events in electric power transmission systems
of transmission lines. We estimate from observed utility data how transmission line outages propagate, and obtain is consistent with the utility data by using it to estimate the distribution of the total number of lines statistical behavior of cascading transmission line outages from standard utility data that records the times
Dobson, Ian
Theoretical and experimental investigation of axial power extraction from a magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator
The utility of the magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator (MILO) as a high power microwave source depends on how efficiently power can be extracted from it. We have designed a slow-wave stepped transformer for the purpose of axially extracting microwave power from a 3.6 GHz coaxial MILO. The slow-wave transformer design was optimized using particle-in-cell simulation, and tested in experiments performed on the HPM Simulation Division's GEMINI and GYPSY water Blumlein pulse power sources. In this paper we summarize the slow-wave stepped transformer design, and describe MILO axial power extraction experiments which yielded up to 300 MW of radiated power. 10 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs.
Lemke, R.W.; DeMuth, G.E.; Biggs, A.W. (Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (USA); Air Force Weapons Lab., Kirtland AFB, NM (USA); Alabama Univ., Huntsville, AL (USA). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering)
Minimizing Simultaneous Switching Noise at Reduced Power with Constant-Voltage Power Transmission Lines for High-Speed Signaling
plane structure with a power transmission line (PTL). In this paper, a new power delivery scheme called Constant Voltage Power Transmission Line (CV-PTL) is shown to significantly reduce switching noise while, and measurements. Keywords Power delivery network, simultaneous switching noise, power transmission line 1
Lassoing Line Outages in the Smart Power Grid
Fast and accurate unveiling of power line outages is of paramount importance not only for preventing faults that may lead to blackouts, but also for routine monitoring and control tasks of the smart grid, including state estimation and optimal power flow. Existing approaches are either challenged by the \\emph{combinatorial complexity} issues involved, and are thus limited to identifying single- and double-line outages; or, they invoke less pragmatic assumptions such as \\emph{conditionally independent} phasor angle measurements available across the grid. Using only a subset of voltage phasor angle data, the present paper develops a near real-time algorithm for identifying multiple line outages at the affordable complexity of solving a quadratic program via block coordinate descent iterations. The novel approach relies on reformulating the DC linear power flow model as a \\emph{sparse} overcomplete expansion, and leveraging contemporary advances in compressive sampling and variable selection using the least-abso...
Zhu, Hao
Impacts of Western Area Power Administration`s power marketing alternatives on electric utility systems
This technical memorandum estimates the effects of alternative contractual commitments that may be initiated by the Western Area Power Administration`s Salt Lake City Area Office. It also studies hydropower operational restrictions at the Salt Lake City Area Integrated Projects in combination with these alternatives. Power marketing and hydropower operational effects are estimated in support of Western`s Electric Power Marketing Environmental Impact Statement (EIS). Electricity production and capacity expansion for utility systems that will be directly affected by alternatives specified in the EIS are simulated. Cost estimates are presented by utility type and for various activities such as capacity expansion, generation, long-term firm purchases and sales, fixed operation and maintenance expenses, and spot market activities. Operational changes at hydropower facilities are also investigated.
Veselka, T.D.; Portante, E.C.; Koritarov, V. [and others
Achieving Near Zero SSN Power Delivery Networks by Eliminating Power Planes and Using Constant Current Power Transmission Lines
of discontinuities such as a power plane split or multiple via holes. Even with a solid return current pathAchieving Near Zero SSN Power Delivery Networks by Eliminating Power Planes and Using Constant Current Power Transmission Lines Suzanne Huh, Daehyun Chung, and Madhavan Swaminathan Interconnect
An integrated system to utilize the waste coal mine methane (CMM) at the Federal No. 2 Coal Mine in West Virginia was designed and built. The system includes power generation, using internal combustion engines, along with gas processing equipment to upgrade sub-quality waste methane to pipeline quality standards. The power generation has a nominal capacity of 1,200 kw and the gas processing system can treat about 1 million cubic feet per day (1 MMCFD) of gas. The gas processing is based on the Northwest Fuel Development, Inc. (NW Fuel) proprietary continuous pressure swing adsorption (CPSA) process that can remove nitrogen from CMM streams. The two major components of the integrated system are synergistic. The byproduct gas stream from the gas processing equipment can be used as fuel for the power generating equipment. In return, the power generating equipment provides the nominal power requirements of the gas processing equipment. This Phase III effort followed Phase I, which was comprised of a feasibility study for the project, and Phase II, where the final design for the commercial-scale demonstration was completed. The fact that NW Fuel is desirous of continuing to operate the equipment on a commercial basis provides the validation for having advanced the project through all of these phases. The limitation experienced by the project during Phase III was that the CMM available to operate the CPSA system on a commercial basis was not of sufficiently high quality. NW Fuel's CPSA process is limited in its applicability, requiring a relatively high quality of gas as the feed to the process. The CPSA process was demonstrated during Phase III for a limited time, during which the processing capabilities met the expected results, but the process was never capable of providing pipeline quality gas from the available low quality CMM. The NW Fuel CPSA process is a low-cost ''polishing unit'' capable of removing a few percent nitrogen. It was never intended to process CMM streams containing high levels of nitrogen, as is now the case at the Federal No.2 Mine. Even lacking the CPSA pipeline delivery demonstration, the project was successful in laying the groundwork for future commercial applications of the integrated system. This operation can still provide a guide for other coal mines which need options for utilization of their methane resources. The designed system can be used as a complete template, or individual components of the system can be segregated and utilized separately at other mines. The use of the CMM not only provides an energy fuel from an otherwise wasted resource, but it also yields an environmental benefit by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The methane has twenty times the greenhouse effect as compared to carbon dioxide, which the combustion of the methane generates. The net greenhouse gas emission mitigation is substantial.
Peet M. Soot; Dale R. Jesse; Michael E. Smith
Precoded Turbo Equalizer for Power Line Communication Systems
Power line communication continues to draw increasing interest by promising a wide range of applications including cost-free last-mile communication solution. However, signal transmitted through the power lines deteriorates badly due to the presence of severe inter-symbol interference (ISI) and harsh random pulse noise. This work proposes a new precoded turbo equalization scheme specifically designed for the PLC channels. By introducing useful precoding to reshape ISI, optimizing maximum {\\it a posteriori} (MAP) detection to address the non-Gaussian pulse noise, and performing soft iterative decision refinement, the new equalizer demonstrates a gain significantly better than the existing turbo equalizers.
Xie, Kai; Li,
Compiling Utility Requirements For New Nuclear Power Plant Project
Teollisuuden Voima Oy (TVO) submitted in November 2000 to the Finnish Government an application for a Decision-in-Principle concerning the construction of a new nuclear power plant in Finland. The actual investment decision can be made first after a positive decision has been made by the Government and the Parliament. Parallel to the licensing process, technical preparedness has been upheld so that the procurement process can be commenced without delay, when needed. This includes the definition of requirements for the plant and preliminary preparation of bid inquiry specifications. The core of the technical requirements corresponds to the specifications presented in the European Utility Requirement (EUR) document, compiled by major European electricity producers. Quite naturally, an amount of modifications to the EUR document are needed that take into account the country- and site-specific conditions as well as the experiences gained in the operation of the existing NPP units. Along with the EUR-related requirements concerning the nuclear island and power generation plant, requirements are specified for scope of supply as well as for a variety of issues related to project implementation. (author)
Patrakka, Eero [Teollisuuden Voima Oy, 27160 Olkiluoto (Finland)
PERFORMANCE OF DISTRIBUTED UTILITY-BASED POWER CONTROL FOR WIRELESS AD HOC NETWORKS Jianwei Huang network. The users exchange prices that reflect their loss in utility due to interference. The prices are then used to determine optimal (utility maximizing) power levels for each user. We present simulation
Kuzmanovic, Aleksandar
E-Print Network 3.0 - active power line Sample Search Results
POWER DELIVERY, VOL. 23, NO. 4, OCTOBER 2008 2535 A New Mathematic Algorithm to Analyze Power Summary: . Shunt active power filter equivalent circuit. system line current is...
Bias-field controlled phasing and power combination of gyromagnetic nonlinear transmission lines
Gyromagnetic Nonlinear Transmission Lines (NLTLs) generate microwaves through the damped gyromagnetic precession of the magnetic moments in ferrimagnetic material, and are thus utilized as compact, solid-state, frequency agile, high power microwave (HPM) sources. The output frequency of a NLTL can be adjusted by control of the externally applied bias field and incident voltage pulse without physical alteration to the structure of the device. This property provides a frequency tuning capability not seen in many conventional e-beam based HPM sources. The NLTLs developed and tested are mesoband sources capable of generating MW power levels in the L, S, and C bands of the microwave spectrum. For an individual NLTL the output power at a given frequency is determined by several factors including the intrinsic properties of the ferrimagnetic material and the transmission line structure. Hence, if higher power levels are to be achieved, it is necessary to combine the outputs of multiple NLTLs. This can be accomplished in free space using antennas or in a transmission line via a power combiner. Using a bias-field controlled delay, a transient, high voltage, coaxial, three port, power combiner was designed and tested. Experimental results are compared with the results of a transient COMSOL simulation to evaluate combiner performance.
Reale, D. V., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Bragg, J.-W. B.; Gonsalves, N. R.; Johnson, J. M.; Neuber, A. A.; Dickens, J. C.; Mankowski, J. J. [Center for Pulsed Power and Power Electronics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409 (United States)
Power line carrier interference from HVDC converter terminals
Power line carrier (PLC) equipment typically operates in the frequency range from 25 kHz to 300 kHz. Interference studies for HVDC converters usually concentrate on interference from noise sources within this frequency range. However, operating experience at the Sandy Pond converter terminal has indicated that PLC equipment is also susceptible to interference from sources of power system harmonics below the PLC frequency range. Extensive field testing and analytical studies have shown that each PLC circuit has a resonant frequency below the operating frequency. If excited at this resonant frequency, high voltages may exist within the PLC circuit. The resulting saturation of PLC components leads to local generation of radio frequency (RF) noise that interferes with proper operation of PLC circuits. Sources of power system harmonics in the 3-10 kHz range, such as line commutated dc converters, are potential sources of this type of interference.
Tatro, P.J.; Adamson, K.A. (New England Power Service Co., Westborough, MA (United States)); Eitzmann, M.A.; Smead, M. (GE Industrial and Power Systems, Schenectady, NY (United States). Power Systems Engineering Dept.)
Utilization of Ash Fractions from Alternative Biofuels used in Power Plants
Utilization of Ash Fractions from Alternative Biofuels used in Power Plants PSO Project No. 6356 July 2008 Renewable Energy and Transport #12;2 Utilization of Ash Fractions from Alternative Biofuels)...............................................................................7 2. Production of Ash Products from Mixed Biofuels
Investigation of anti-islanding schemes for utility interconnection of distributed fuel cell powered generations
The rapid emergence of distributed fuel cell powered generations (DFPGs) operating in parallel with utility has brought a number of technical concerns as more DFPGs are connected to utility grid. One of the most challenging problems is known...
Jeraputra, Chuttchaval
Evaluation of line focus solar central power systems. Volume II. Systems evaluation
An evaluation was completed to ascertain the applicability of line focus technologies to electrical power applications and to compare their performance and cost potential with point focus central receiver power systems. It was concluded that although the high temperature line focus (SRI) and fixed mirror line focus (GA) concepts duplicate the heat source characteristics and power conversion technology of the central receiver concepts these configurations do not offer a sufficient improvement in cost to warrant full scale development. The systems are, however, less complex than their point focus counterpart and should the central receiver system development falter they provide reasonable technology alternatives. The parabolic trough concept (BDM) was found to provide a low temperature technology alternative to the central receiver concept with promising performance and cost potential. Its continued development is recommended, with special emphasis on lower temperature (< 700/sup 0/F) applications. Finally, a variety of new promising line focus power system configurations were identified for a range of utility and industrial applications and recommendations were made on their implementation. This volume contains the detailed report. (WHK)
Not Available
Reducing power production costs by utilizing petroleum coke. Annual report
A Powder River Basin subbituminous coal from the North Antelope mine and a petroleum shot coke were received from Northern States Power Company (NSP) for testing the effects of parent fuel properties on coal-coke blend grindability and evaluating the utility of petroleum coke blending as a strategy for improving electrostatic precipitator (ESP) particulate collection efficiency. Petroleum cokes are generally harder than coals, as indicated by Hardgrove grindability tests. Therefore, the weaker coal component may concentrate in the finer size fractions during the pulverizing of coal-coke blends. The possibility of a coal-coke size fractionation effect is being investigated because it may adversely affect combustion performance, it may enhance ESP particulate collection efficiency. Petroleum cokes contain much higher concentrations of V relative to coals. Consequently, coke blending can significantly increase the V content of fly ash resulting from coal-coke combustion. Pentavalent vanadium oxide (V{sub 2}O{sub 5}) is a known catalyst for transforming gaseous sulfur dioxide (SO{sub 2}[g]) to gaseous sulfur trioxide (SO{sub 3}[g]). The presence of SO{sub 3}(g) strongly affects fly ash resistivity and, thus, ESP performance.
Galbreath, K.C.
A Powder River Basin subbituminous coal from the North Antelope mine and a petroleum shot coke were received from Northern States Power Company (NSP) for testing the effects of parent fuel properties on coal-coke blend grindability and evaluating the utility of petroleum coke blending as a strategy for improving electrostatic precipitator (ESP) particulate collection efficiency. Petroleum cokes are generally harder than coals, as indicated by Hardgrove grindability tests. Therefore, the weaker coal component may concentrate in the finer size fractions during the pulverizing of coal-coke blends. The possibility of a coal-coke size fractionation effect is being investigated because it may adversely affect combustion performance. Although the blending of petroleum coke with coal may adversely affect combustion performance, it may enhance ESP particulate collection efficiency. Petroleum cokes contain much higher concentrations of V relative to coals. Consequently, coke blending can significantly increase the V content of fly ash resulting from coal-coke combustion. Pentavalent vanadium oxide (V{sub 2}O{sub 5}) is a known catalyst for transforming gaseous sulfur dioxide (SO{sub 2}[g]) to gaseous sulfur trioxide (SO{sub 3}[g]). The presence of SO{sub 3}(g) strongly affects fly ash resistivity and, thus, ESP performance.
Reti attive di distribuzione: le applicazioni Virtual Power Plant e Virtual Utility.
??Il presente lavoro si occupa di nuove applicazioni per la gestione e l�ottimizzazione di risorse distribuite, cos� dette Virtual Power Plant (VPP) o Virtual Utility� (more)
Baroncelli, Paolo
Transaction Based Power Flow Analysis For Transmission Utilization Allocation
transactions as well as the effect of reactive power on transmission losses and active power flows. Two the electric power industry moves into an era of supply competition and consumer choice, the power system electricity market at the ex ante phase; (ii) MW generations are decided by bilateral contracts and other
Dynamic Line Rating (DLR) is a smart grid technology that allows the rating of power line to be based on real-time conductor temperature dependent on local weather conditions. In current practice overhead power lines are generally given a conservative rating based on worst case weather conditions. Using historical weather data collected over a test bed area, we demonstrate there is often additional transmission capacity not being utilized with the current static rating practice. We investigate a new dynamic line rating methodology using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to determine wind conditions along transmission lines at dense intervals. Simulated results are used to determine conductor temperature by calculating the transient thermal response of the conductor under variable environmental conditions. In calculating the conductor temperature, we use both a calculation with steady-state assumption and a transient calculation. Under low wind conditions, steady-state assumption predicts higher conductor temperatures that could lead to curtailments, whereas transient calculations produce conductor temperatures that are significantly lower, implying the availability of additional transmission capacity.
Jake P. Gentle; Kurt S Myers; Tyler B Phillips; Inanc Senocak; Phil Anderson
A Mathematical Solution to Power Optimal Pipeline Design by Utilizing Soft Edge Flip-Flops
A Mathematical Solution to Power Optimal Pipeline Design by Utilizing Soft Edge Flip-Flops Mohammad a novel technique to minimize the total power consumption of a synchronous linear pipeline circuit by exploiting extra slacks available in some stages of the pipeline. The key idea is to utilize soft-edge flip
Pedram, Massoud
Utilizing Solar Power in Wireless Sensor Networks Thiemo Voigt, Hartmut Ritter, Jochen Schiller
Utilizing Solar Power in Wireless Sensor Networks Thiemo Voigt, Hartmut Ritter, Jochen Schiller propose to utilize solar power in wireless sensor networks, establishing a topology where changing over propose and evaluate two protocols that perform solar- aware routing. The presented simulation results
Voigt, Thiemo
Mobile power generation can be powered by the battery for short periods of time or by the ICE for long durations * For HEVs using single inverter and motor - Add two additional...
Remarks Concerning the Public Utility Commission of Texas Study on Bulk Power Transmission
REMARKS CONCERNING THE PUBLIC UTILITY COMMISSION OF TEXAS STUDY ON BULK POWER TRANSMISSION R. T. SWEATMAN Executive Director Electric Reliability Council of Texas The citizens of Texas need reliable electric service. Our economy, our way... amounts of transmission capacity must alwavs be available in the event generation is lost in one area, so that the other utility's power can be transmitted to the utility in need. A pipeline system can suffer equipment outages easily, without loss...
Sweatman, R. T.
THE UTILIZATION OF ENERGY IN DIFFERENT LINES OF MICE SELECTED FOR BODY WEIGHT J. C. Mc CARTHY H. WILLEKE
THE UTILIZATION OF ENERGY IN DIFFERENT LINES OF MICE SELECTED FOR BODY WEIGHT J. C. Mc CARTHY H in gross efficiency and energetic effi- ciency were estimated in lines of mice selected for high and low lines at later ages in either gross or energetic efficiency were small or nonexistent because the energy
Public Power & Utility, Inc. (Pennsylvania) | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia: EnergyPotentialUrbanUtilityScalePVCapacity Jump to:USGSMeanReservoirTempUtility, Inc. (Pennsylvania) Jump to:
Fuel Cell Transit Buses: ThunderPower Bus Evaluation at SunLine...
Fuel Cell Transit Buses: ThunderPower Bus Evaluation at SunLine Transit Agency Fuel Cell Transit Buses: ThunderPower Bus Evaluation at SunLine Transit Agency Report details the...
The Business Case for Fuel Cells 2014: Powering the Bottom Line...
The Business Case for Fuel Cells 2014: Powering the Bottom Line for Businesses and Communities The Business Case for Fuel Cells 2014: Powering the Bottom Line for Businesses and...
Low Cost High Concentration PV Systems for Utility Power Generation...
Electricity On Flat Commercial Rooftops,Fully Automated Systems Technology, Concentrating Solar Panels: Bringing the Highest Power and Lowest Cost to the Rooftop Practical...
Power Line Plan of Development Outline | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia: Energy ResourcesLoadingPenobscot County, Maine:Plug Power IncPowder River EnergyCube Pvt Ltd PCPL JumpLine Plan
Power Utility Maximization for Multiple-Supply Systems by a Load-Matching Switch
such as solar panels and wind generators, be- cause it directly affects the utility of the available power source must be discarded in this case. As a result, these MPS systems must either use larger solar panels a day. Its power sources consist of a solar panel and a rechargeable battery. The only time solar power
Shinozuka, Masanobu
Multilevel Converter Topologies for Utility Scale Solar Photovoltaic Power Systems
and phase angle of the inverter cells is proposed. This improves differential power processing amongst cells while keeping the voltage and current ratings of the devices low. A battery energy storage system for the multilevel PV converter has also been...
Essakiappan, Somasundaram
Wireless power transmission utilizing a phased array of Tesla coils
This thesis discusses the theory and design of coupled resonant systems and how they can be linked in a phased array for the wireless transmission of electrical power. A detailed derivation of their operational theory is ...
Stark, Joseph C. (Joseph Charles), 1980-
Energy Department and Federal Efforts to Support Utility Power...
that could be of use. For example, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers deployed water pumps to a flooded Con Edison power substation in New York to help clear out the water - a...
Public Power & Utility, Inc. (New York) | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia: EnergyPotentialUrbanUtilityScalePVCapacity Jump to:USGSMeanReservoirTemp
EIS-0256: Sierra Pacific Power Company Alturas Transmission Line Project (adopted from BLM)
This EIS evaluates the environmental setting and consequences of the construction and operation of the proposal Alturas Transmission Line Project. Sierra Pacific Power Company (SPPCO) has proposed this electric power transmission line to improve the existing operational capacity and reliability of its power transmission system and provide for anticipated growth in demand for electric power.
Utilizing automatically collected data to infer travel behavior : a case study of the East London Line extension
Utilizing automatically collected data sources, this research strengthens the understanding of changes in user travel behavior caused by the introduction of the extended East London Line (ELL) into London's public ...
Muhs, Kevin J. (Kevin Joseph)
P.C. Weaver
Hypermodular Self-Assembling Space Solar Power -- Design Option for Mid-Term GEO Utility-Scale Power Plants
This paper presents a design for scaleable space solar power systems based on free-flying reflectors and module self-assembly. Lower system cost of utility-scale space solar power is achieved by design independence of yet-to-be-built in-space assembly or transportation infrastructure. Using current and expected near-term technology, this study describe a design for mid-term utility-scale power plants in geosynchronous orbits. High-level economic considerations in the context of current and expected future launch costs are given as well.
Leitgab, Martin
Economic analysis of municipal wastewater utilization for thermoelectric power production
The thermoelectric power industry in the U.S. uses a large amount of freshwater. The large water demand is increasingly a problem, especially for new power plant development, as availability of freshwater for new uses diminishes in the United States. Reusing non-traditional water sources, such as treated municipal wastewater, provides one option to mitigate freshwater usage in the thermoelectric power industry. The amount of freshwater withdrawal that can be displaced with non-traditional water sources at a particular location requires evaluation of the water management and treatment requirements, considering the quality and abundance of the non-traditional water sources. This paper presents the development of an integrated costing model to assess the impact of degraded water treatment, as well as the implications of increased tube scaling in the main condenser. The model developed herein is used to perform case studies of various treatment, condenser cleaning and condenser configurations to provide insight into the ramifications of degraded water use in the cooling loops of thermoelectric power plants. Further, this paper lays the groundwork for the integration of relationships between degraded water quality, scaling characteristics and volatile emission within a recirculating cooling loop model.
Safari, I.; Walker, M.; Abbasian, J.; Arastoopour, H.; Hsieh, M-K.; Theregowda, R.; Dzombak, D.; Miller, D.
Appendix S-50 - Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) - Public Utilities
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 NoPublic Utilities Address: 160 East 300Algoil JumpAltergyExperimentsInformationAnuvuCommission | Open Energy
Power Capture (PowCap) Board for Non Intrusive Load Monitoring and Power Line Communication Exploration and Development
PowCap with PLC: Lookingti] �Power Line Communication (PLC) Solutions. � http://overview.page? DCMP=plc&HQS=plc. [Tsu99] K. Tsuda. �Subspace
Balakrishnan, Vikram
Siting Utility-Scale Concentrating Solar Power Projects
In 2002, Congress asked the U.S. Department of Energy to develop and scope out an initiative to fulfill the goal of having 1,000 megawatts (MW) of new parabolic trough, power tower, and dish engine solar capacity supplying the southwestern United States. In this paper, we present a review of the solar resource for Arizona, California, Nevada, and New Mexico. These four states have the greatest number of ''premium'' solar sites in the country and each has a renewable portfolio standard (RPS). We present information on the generation potential of the solar resources in these states. We also present regions within New Mexico that may be ideally suited for developing large-scale concentrating solar power (CSP) plants because of their proximity to load and their access to unconstrained transmission.
Mehos, M.; Owens, B.
1284 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY, VOL. 26, NO. 2, APRIL 2011 Improving SVM-Based Nontechnical Loss Detection in Power Utility Using
classification. I. INTRODUCTION DISTRIBUTON losses in power utilities originating from electricity theft-Based Nontechnical Loss Detection in Power Utility Using the Fuzzy Inference System Jawad Nagi, Keem Siah Yap, Sieh of fraud and electricity theft in power distribution utilities. Pre- vious work was carried out by using
Ducatelle, Frederick
Power line communications (PLC) using impulse ultra wideband (UWB) in a microprocessor had been
Abstract Power line communications (PLC) using impulse ultra wideband (UWB) in a microprocessor had data to sensors and for on-line testing. Power line communications (PLC), patented in the early 1920's]. As noted in [1]-[2], PLC in a microprocessor faces a totally different set of technical challenges from
Ha, Dong S.
Utility Grid-Connected Distributed Power Systems National Solar Energy Conference
Utility Grid-Connected Distributed Power Systems National Solar Energy Conference ASES Solar 96 at least half of its energy obtained from energy efficiency and renewable resources by the year 2000. Solar energy, distributed generation resource. Investments made in solar power today are expected to provide
Project Profile: The Sacramento Municipal Utility District Consumnes Power Plant Solar Augmentation Project
The Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD), under the Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Heat Integration for Baseload Renewable Energy Development (HIBRED) program, is demonstrating a hybrid CSP solar energy system that takes advantage of an existing electrical generator for its power block and transmission interconnection.
MPC for Wind Power Gradients --Utilizing Forecasts, Rotor Inertia, and Central Energy Storage
MPC for Wind Power Gradients -- Utilizing Forecasts, Rotor Inertia, and Central Energy Storage iterations. We demonstrate our method in simulations with various wind scenarios and prices for energy. INTRODUCTION Today, wind power is the most important renewable energy source. For the years to come, many
What explains the increased utilization of Powder River Basin coal in electric power generation?
This article examines possible explanations for increased utilization of Powder River Basin (PRB) coal in electric power generation that occurred over the last two decades. Did more stringent environmental policy motivate electric power plants to switch to less polluting fuels? Or, did greater use of PRB coal occur because relative price changes altered input markets in favor of this fuel. A key finding is that factors other than environmental policy such as the decline in railroad freight rates together with elastic demand by power plants were major contributors to the increased utilization of this fuel.
Gerking, S.; Hamilton, S.F. [University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL (United States)
Power line harmonic radiation observed by satellite: Properties and propagation through the ionosphere
Power line harmonic radiation observed by satellite: Properties and propagation through of power line harmonic radiation events observed by the low-altitude DEMETER spacecraft. Altogether, 88 with the largest intensities often occur off exact multiples of base power system frequency. This can be explained
Utilization of municipal wastewater for cooling in thermoelectric power plants
A process simulation model has been developed using Aspen Plus(R) with the OLI (OLI System, Inc.) water chemistry model to predict water quality in the recirculating cooling loop utilizing secondary- and tertiary-treated municipal wastewater as the source of makeup water. Simulation results were compared with pilot-scale experimental data on makeup water alkalinity, loop pH, and ammonia evaporation. The effects of various parameters including makeup water quality, salt formation, NH{sub 3} and CO{sub 2} evaporation mass transfer coefficients, heat load, and operating temperatures were investigated. The results indicate that, although the simulation model can capture the general trends in the loop pH, experimental data on the rates of salt precipitation in the system are needed for more accurate prediction of the loop pH. It was also found that stripping of ammonia and carbon dioxide in the cooling tower can influence the cooling loop pH significantly. The effects of the NH{sub 3} mass transfer coefficient on cooling loop pH appear to be more significant at lower values (e.g., k{sub NH3}< 4�10{sup -3} m/s) when the makeup water alkalinity is low (e.g., <90 mg/L as CaCO{sub 3}). The effect of the CO{sub 2} mass transfer coefficient was found to be significant only at lower alkalinity values (e.g., k{sub CO2}<4�10{{sup -6} m/s).
Safari, Iman; Walker, Michael E.; Hsieh, Ming-Kai; Dzombak, David A.; Liu, Wenshi; Vidic, Radisav D.; Miller, David C.; Abbasian, Javad
Mode Initialization for On-line Estimation of Power System Electromechanical Modes
Measurement-based mode estimation methods are utilized to estimate electromechanical modes of a power system using phasor measurement units (PMU) data. These methods need to extract a certain amount of information before they can give useable mode estimation. Traditionally, the information is gathered solely from measurement data. Priori mode information from other resources (e.g. model eigenvalue analysis, engineering knowledge) are not fully utilized. For real time application, this means that mode estimation takes time to converge. By adding a mode regularization term in the objective function, this paper proposes a mode initialization method to include priori mode information in a regularized robust recursive least squares (R3LS) algorithm for on-line mode estimation. The proposed method is tested using a simple model, a 17 machine model and is shown to be able to shorten the convergence period of the R3LS algorithm. The proposed method is also applied on the measurement data recorded right before a major power outage in the western North American Grid on August 10th 1996 to show its potential applica-tion in detecting an approaching small signal stability problem.
Zhou, Ning; Trudnowski, Daniel; Pierre, John W.
Analysis of interrelationships between photovoltaic power and battery storage for electric utility load management
The impact of photovoltaic power generation on the electric utility's load shape under supply-side peak load management conditions is explored. Results show that some utilities employing battery storage for peak load shaving might benefit from use of photovoltaic (PV) power, the extent of its usefulness being dependent on the specific load shapes as well as the photovoltaic array orientations. Typical utility load shapes both in the eastern and in the western parts of the U.S. are examined for this purpose. While photovoltaic power generation seems to present a bigger impact on the load of the western utility, both utilities will experience considerable savings on the size of the battery system required to shave the peak loads and also in the night-time base capacity required to charge the battery. Results show that when the cost of 2-axis tracking PV systems drop to $2/Wp, the southwestern utility will experience net cost savings when the PV-battery hybrid system is employed for load management. On the other hand, because of lesser availability of solar energy, the southeastern utility shows adverse economics for such a system.
Chowdhury, B.H.; Rahman, S.
Power Line Communications: An Overview Part II Muhammad Salman Yousuf 1
) \\in the frequency range of 50-60 Hz. It is a fact that power transmission towers and lines are some
Rizvi, Syed Z.
Medium Voltage Overhead Power-line Broadband Communications; Transmission Capacity and Electromagnetic Interference
and Electromagnetic Interference P. Amirshahi and M. Kavehrad (FIEEE) The Pennsylvania State University, Department distribution networks for broadband power-line communications applications. Electromagnetic interference
Kavehrad, Mohsen
SunLine Transit Agency, Hydrogen Powered Transit Buses: Preliminary Evaluation Results
This paper provides preliminary results from an evaluation by DOE's National Renewable Energy Laboratory of hydrogen-powered transit buses at SunLine Transit Agency.
Chandler, K.; Eudy, L.
Microsoft Word - Broadband Over Power Lines_FINAL.06.01.10.doc
Broadband over Powerlines Can Accelerate the Transmission Smart Grid May 25, 2010 DOENETL-20101418 Broadband Over Power Lines Could Accelerate the Transmission Smart Grid...
ThunderPower Bus Evaluation at SunLine Transit Agency Transit Buses Hydrogen, Fuel Cells & Infrastructure Technologies Program Fuel Cell A Strong Energy Portfolio for a Strong...
FIRST DETECTIONS OF THE [N II] 122 {mu}m LINE AT HIGH REDSHIFT: DEMONSTRATING THE UTILITY OF THE LINE FOR STUDYING GALAXIES IN THE EARLY UNIVERSE
We report the first detections of the [N II] 122 {mu}m line from a high-redshift galaxy. The line was strongly (>6{sigma}) detected from SMMJ02399-0136, and H1413+117 (the Cloverleaf QSO) using the Redshift (z) and Early Universe Spectrometer on the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory. The lines from both sources are quite bright with line to far-infrared (FIR) continuum luminosity ratios that are {approx}7.0 x 10{sup -4} (Cloverleaf) and 2.1 x 10{sup -3} (SMMJ02399). With ratios 2-10 times larger than the average value for nearby galaxies, neither source exhibits the line-to-continuum deficits seen in nearby sources. The line strengths also indicate large ionized gas fractions, {approx}8%-17% of the molecular gas mass. The [O III]/[N II] line ratio is very sensitive to the effective temperature of ionizing stars and the ionization parameter for emission arising in the narrow-line region (NLR) of an active galactic nucleus (AGN). Using our previous detection of the [O III] 88 {mu}m line, the [O III]/[N II] line ratio for SMMJ02399-0136 indicates that the dominant source of the line emission is either stellar H II regions ionized by O9.5 stars, or the NLR of the AGN with ionization parameter log(U) = -3.3 to -4.0. A composite system, where 30%-50% of the FIR lines arise in the NLR also matches the data. The Cloverleaf is best modeled by a superposition of {approx}200 M82-like starbursts accounting for all of the FIR emission and 43% of the [N II] line. The remainder may come from the NLR. This work demonstrates the utility of the [N II] and [O III] lines in constraining properties of the ionized medium.
Ferkinhoff, Carl; Brisbin, Drew; Nikola, Thomas; Parshley, Stephen C.; Stacey, Gordon J. [Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (United States); Phillips, Thomas G. [California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Falgarone, Edith [LERMA, CNRS, Observatoire de Paris and ENS (France); Benford, Dominic J.; Staguhn, Johannes G. [Observational Cosmology Laboratory (Code 665), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States); Tucker, Carol E., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA (United Kingdom)
Power Lines and Crops Can Be Good Neighbors
Two of the Pacific Northwest�s greatest economic assets are its wealth of agriculture and its clean and reliable electricity fueled largely by hydropower. Sometimes the two intersect. Transmission lines carrying electricity to the region�s farms, businesses and homes must, of necessity, span large areas where people grow crops and orchards. To ensure a safe and reliable flow of electricity across these expanses, trees and other vegetation must be managed to certain standards. At the same time, the Bonneville Power Administration � which owns and operates three-quarters of the region�s high-voltage transmission � recognizes the importance of our region�s agricultural bounty. We are committed to working with individuals and agricultural communities to facilitate ongoing land-use activities in transmission rights-of-way as long as those uses are compatible with transmission safety and reliability standards. Our goal with vegetation management is to keep you and your property safe while protecting the reliability of our region�s electricity system. By working together, BPA and landowners can protect the system and public safety.
SunLine Transit Agency Hydrogen-Powered Transit Buses: Third...
system with a UTC Power PureMotion 1 120 Fuel Cell Power System and ZEBRA batteries for energy storage. SunLine has also been operating a prototype hydrogen hybrid internal...
Incentive regulation of investor-owned nuclear power plants by public utility regulators. Revision 1
The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) periodically surveys the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) and state regulatory commissions that regulate utility owners of nuclear power plants. The NRC is interested in identifying states that have established economic or performance incentive programs applicable to nuclear power plants, how the programs are being implemented, and in determining the financial impact of the programs on the utilities. The NRC interest stems from the fact that such programs have the potential to adversely affect the safety of nuclear power plants. The current report is an update of NUREG/CR-5975, Incentive Regulation of Investor-Owned Nuclear Power Plants by Public Utility Regulators, published in January 1993. The information in this report was obtained from interviews conducted with each state regulatory agency that administers an incentive program and each utility that owns at least 10% of an affected nuclear power plant. The agreements, orders, and settlements that form the basis for each incentive program were reviewed as required. The interviews and supporting documentation form the basis for the individual state reports describing the structure and financial impact of each incentive program.
McKinney, M.D.; Seely, H.E.; Merritt, C.R.; Baker, D.C. [Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)
Enhanced Recovery Utilizing Variable Frequency Drives and a Distributed Power System
This report describes complete results of the project entitled ''Enhanced Recovery Utilizing Variable Frequency Drives and a Distributed Power System''. This demonstration project was initiated in July 2003 and completed in March 2005. The objective of the project was to develop an integrated power production/variable frequency drive system that could easily be deployed in the oil field that would increase production and decrease operating costs. This report describes all the activities occurred and documents results of the demonstration.
Randy Peden; Sanjiv Shah
Power Line Carrier (PLC) Signal Analysis of Smart Meters for Outlier Detection
Power Line Carrier (PLC) Signal Analysis of Smart Meters for Outlier Detection Rakesh Rao Dept-- A method for identifying outliers among a set of smart meters by using the power line carrier (PLC) signal strength is presented in this paper. The broad goal is to use the PLC signal as a predictor of transmission
Akella, Srinivas
COE projection for the modular WARP{trademark} wind power system for wind farms and electric utility power transmission
Wind power has emerged as an attractive alternative source of electricity for utilities. Turbine operating experience from wind farms has provided corroborating data of wind power potential for electric utility application. Now, a patented modular wind power technology, the Toroidal Accelerator Rotor Platform (TARP{trademark}) Windframe{trademark}, forms the basis for next generation megawatt scale wind farm and/or distributed wind power plants. When arranged in tall vertically clustered TARP{trademark} module stacks, such power plant units are designated Wind Amplified Rotor Platform (WARP{trademark}) Systems. While heavily building on proven technology, these systems are projected to surpass current technology windmills in terms of performance, user-friendly operation and ease of maintenance. In its unique generation and transmission configuration, the WARP{trademark}-GT System combines both electricity generation through wind energy conversion and electric power transmission. Furthermore, environmental benefits include dramatically less land requirement, architectural appearance, lower noise and EMI/TV interference, and virtual elimination of bird mortality potential. Cost-of-energy (COE) is projected to be from under $0.02/kWh to less than $0.05/kWh in good to moderate wind resource sites.
Weisbrich, A.L. [ENECO, West Simsbury, CT (United States); Ostrow, S.L.; Padalino, J. [Raytheon Engineers and Constructors, New York, NY (United States)
Utility-Scale Concentrating Solar Power and Photovoltaic Projects: A Technology and Market Overview
Over the last several years, solar energy technologies have been, or are in the process of being, deployed at unprecedented levels. A critical recent development, resulting from the massive scale of projects in progress or recently completed, is having the power sold directly to electric utilities. Such 'utility-scale' systems offer the opportunity to deploy solar technologies far faster than the traditional 'behind-the-meter' projects designed to offset retail load. Moreover, these systems have employed significant economies of scale during construction and operation, attracting financial capital, which in turn can reduce the delivered cost of power. This report is a summary of the current U.S. utility-scale solar state-of-the-market and development pipeline. Utility-scale solar energy systems are generally categorized as one of two basic designs: concentrating solar power (CSP) and photovoltaic (PV). CSP systems can be further delineated into four commercially available technologies: parabolic trough, central receiver (CR), parabolic dish, and linear Fresnel reflector. CSP systems can also be categorized as hybrid, which combine a solar-based system (generally parabolic trough, CR, or linear Fresnel) and a fossil fuel energy system to produce electric power or steam.
Mendelsohn, M.; Lowder, T.; Canavan, B.
The Future of Combustion Turbine Technology for Industrial and Utility Power Generation
Low capital cost and ample low-cost natural gas supplies will make natural gas-fired combustion turbine systems the power generation technology of choice over the next decade. Against the background of earlier use by electric utilities, this paper...
Karp, A. D.; Simbeck, D. R.
Investigation of broadband over power line channel capacity of shipboard power system cables for ship communications networks
Broadband over Power Line (BPL) technology has garnered significant attention lately due to recent advancements in solid state technologies and channel coding schemes. The successful application of BPL technology for in-home automation...
Akinnikawe, Ayorinde
Advance Three Phase Power Factor Correction Schemes for Utility Interface of Power Electronic Systems
systems, battery chargers and data centers etc. Also, high voltage DC (HVDC) systems employ rectifiers to convert ac input to DC output. HVDC is one example of the application of AC/DC conversion, in power system also, grid tie of two different power...
Albader, Mesaad
Forced cooling of underground electric power transmission lines : design manual
The methodology utilized for the design of a forced-cooled pipe-type underground transmission system is presented. The material is divided into three major parts: (1) The Forced-cooled Pipe-Type Underground Transmission ...
Brown, Jay A.
Real power regulation for the utility power grid via responsive loads
A system for dynamically managing an electrical power system that determines measures of performance and control criteria for the electric power system, collects at least one automatic generation control (AGC) input parameter to at least one AGC module and at least one automatic load control (ALC) input parameter to at least one ALC module, calculates AGC control signals and loads as resources (LAR) control signals in response to said measures of performance and control criteria, propagates AGC control signals to power generating units in response to control logic in AGC modules, and propagates LAR control signals to at least one LAR in response to control logic in ALC modules.
McIntyre, Timothy J [Knoxville, TN; Kirby, Brendan J [Knoxville, TN; Kisner, Roger A
WIND POWER FACILITY PROJECT STATUS REPORT IV Submitted to: New Jersey Board of Public Utilities New Authority (ACUA) wind power facility. The period covered by this report is 1 January to 31 August 2009
Firestone, Jeremy
Line-Focus Solar Power Plant Cost Reduction Plan (Milestone Report)
Line-focus solar collectors, in particular parabolic trough collectors, are the most mature and proven technology available for producing central electricity from concentrated solar energy. Because this technology has over 25 years of successful operational experience, resulting in a low perceived risk, it is likely that it will continue to be a favorite of investors for some time. The concentrating solar power (CSP) industry is developing parabolic trough projects that will cost billions of dollars, and it is supporting these projects with hundreds of millions of dollars of research and development funding. While this technology offers many advantages over conventional electricity generation -- such as utilizing plentiful domestic renewable fuel and having very low emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants -- it provides electricity in the intermediate power market at about twice the cost of its conventional competitor, combined cycle natural gas. The purpose of this document is to define a set of activities from fiscal year 2011 to fiscal year 2016 that will make this technology economically competitive with conventional means.
Kutscher, C.; Mehos, M.; Turchi, C.; Glatzmaier, G.; Moss, T.
Financial impacts of nonutility power purchases on investor-owned electric utilities
To assist in its these responsibilities in the area of electric power, EIA has prepared this report, Financial Impacts of Nonutility Power Purchases on Investor-Owned Electric Utilities. The primary purpose of this report is to provide an overview of the issues surrounding the financial impacts of nonutility generation contracts (since the passage of the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978) on investor-owned utilities. The existing concern in this area is manifest in the provisions of Section 712 of the Energy Policy Act of 1992, which required State regulatory commissions to evaluate various aspects of long-term power purchase contracts, including their impact on investor-owned utilities` cost of capital and rates charged to customers. The EIA does not take positions on policy questions. The EIA`s responsibility is to provide timely, high quality information and to perform objective, credible analyses in support of the deliberations by both public and private decision-makers. Accordingly, this report does not purport to represent the policy positions of the US Department of Energy or the Administration.
Efficient Power Converters for PV Arrays : Scalable Submodule Power Conversion for Utility-Scale Photovoltaics
Solar ADEPT Project: SolarBridge is developing a new power conversion technique to improve the energy output of PV power plants. This new technique is specifically aimed at large plants where many solar panels are connected together. SolarBridge is correcting for the inefficiencies that occur when two solar panels that encounter different amounts of sun are connected together. In most conventional PV system, the weakest panel limits the energy production of the entire system. That�s because all of the energy collected by the PV system feeds into a single collection point where a central inverter then converts it into useable energy for the grid. SolarBridge has found a more efficient and cost-effective way to convert solar energy, correcting these power differences before they reach the grid.
Evaluation of line focus solar central power systems. Volume I. Executive summary
An evaluation was completed to ascertain the applicability of line focus technologies to electrical power applications and to compare their performance and cost potential with point focus central receiver power systems. It was concluded that although the high temperature line focus (SRI) and fixed mirror line focus (GA) concepts duplicate the heat source characteristics and power conversion technology of the central receiver concepts these configurations do not offer a sufficient improvement in cost to warrant full scale development. The systems are, however, less complex than their point focus counterpart and should the central receiver system development falter they provide reasonable technology alternatives. This volume is an executive summary. (WHK)
Power Electronics for Distributed Energy Systems and Transmission and Distribution Applications: Assessing the Technical Needs for Utility Applications
Power electronics can provide utilities the ability to more effectively deliver power to their customers while providing increased reliability to the bulk power system. In general, power electronics is the process of using semiconductor switching devices to control and convert electrical power flow from one form to another to meet a specific need. These conversion techniques have revolutionized modern life by streamlining manufacturing processes, increasing product efficiencies, and increasing the quality of life by enhancing many modern conveniences such as computers, and they can help to improve the delivery of reliable power from utilities. This report summarizes the technical challenges associated with utilizing power electronics devices across the entire spectrum from applications to manufacturing and materials development, and it provides recommendations for research and development (R&D) needs for power electronics systems in which the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) could make a substantial impact toward improving the reliability of the bulk power system.
Tolbert, L.M.
Ionic Liquids for Utilization of Waste Heat from Distributed Power Generation Systems
The objective of this research project was the development of ionic liquids to capture and utilize waste heat from distributed power generation systems. Ionic Liquids (ILs) are organic salts that are liquid at room temperature and they have the potential to make fundamental and far-reaching changes in the way we use energy. In particular, the focus of this project was fundamental research on the potential use of IL/CO2 mixtures in absorption-refrigeration systems. Such systems can provide cooling by utilizing waste heat from various sources, including distributed power generation. The basic objectives of the research were to design and synthesize ILs appropriate for the task, to measure and model thermophysical properties and phase behavior of ILs and IL/CO2 mixtures, and to model the performance of IL/CO2 absorption-refrigeration systems.
Joan F. Brennecke; Mihir Sen; Edward J. Maginn; Samuel Paolucci; Mark A. Stadtherr; Peter T. Disser; Mike Zdyb
Utility Test Results of a 2-Megawatt, 10-Second Reserve-Power System
This report documents the 1996 evaluation by Pacific Gas and Electric Company of an advanced reserve-power system capable of supporting 2 MW of load for 10 seconds. The system, developed under a DOE Cooperative Agreement with AC Battery Corporation of East Troy, Wisconsin, contains battery storage that enables industrial facilities to ''ride through'' momentary outages. The evaluation consisted of tests of system performance using a wide variety of load types and operating conditions. The tests, which included simulated utility outages and voltage sags, demonstrated that the system could provide continuous power during utility outages and other disturbances and that it was compatible with a variety of load types found at industrial customer sites.
Lines of Utility: Outlines, Architecture, and Design in Britain, c. 1800.
??In both the architectural and design publications that helped define Neoclassicism in Britain, praise for linearity, lines, and outlines was often accompanied by an equal� (more)
Cohen, Alexis Helena
Sacramento Municipal Utility District Geothermal Power Plant, SMUDGEO No. 1. Final report
The proposed construction of 72-MW geothermal power plant is discussed. The following aspects are covered: the project as proposed by the utility; the environmental setting; the adverse consequences of the project, any significant environmental effects which cannot be avoided, and any mitigation measures to minimize significant effects; the potential feasible alternatives to the proposed project; the significant unavoidable, irreversible, and long-term environmental impacts; and the Growth Inducing Impacts. (MHR)
Using Dielectric Losses to De-Ice Power Transmission Lines with 100 kHz High-Voltage
Using Dielectric Losses to De-Ice Power Transmission Lines with 100 kHz High-Voltage Excitation J DIELECTRIC LOSSES TO DE-ICE POWER TRANSMISSION LINES . . . 1 Using Dielectric Losses to De-Ice Power Transmission Lines with 100 kHz High-Voltage Excitation Joshua D. McCurdy, Charles R. Sullivan and Victor F
Power Transmission Lines: A New Interconnect Design to Eliminate Simultaneous Switching Noise A. Ege Engin and Madhavan Swaminathan
Power Transmission Lines: A New Interconnect Design to Eliminate Simultaneous Switching Noise A of the coupling between the signal lines and the power delivery network (PDN) in off-chip signaling. This coupling presents a new PDN design, called as the power transmission line, which overcomes these problems
A method for calculating wide band electromagnetic interference from power line corona
An algorithm for calculating electromagnetic interference from power line corona for a range of frequencies from 100 kHz to 30 MHz is demonstrated. It can be used for calculations at any distance or direction from the line. The algorithm incorporates an existing generation function which has been optimized by comparison to long term electromagnetic interference measurements.
Olsen, R.G. [Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States). School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science] [Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States). School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; Schennum, S.D. [Gonzaga Univ., Spokane, WA (United States)] [Gonzaga Univ., Spokane, WA (United States)
On-line method of determining utilization factor in Hg-196 photochemical separation process
The present invention is directed to a method for determining the utilization factor [U] in a photochemical mercury enrichment process (.sup.196 Hg) by measuring relative .sup.196 Hg densities using absorption spectroscopy.
Grossman, Mark W. (Belmont, MA); Moskowitz, Philip E. (Peabody, MA)
Microsoft PowerPoint - one line pdfs for 1222.pptx
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "ofEarly Careerlumens_placard-green.eps More Documents &Small2011FYand the NRC:Preliminary One-Line Drawings
The power of quantum systems on a line
We study the computational strength of quantum particles (each of finite dimensionality) arranged on a line. First, we prove that it is possible to perform universal adiabatic quantum computation using a one-dimensional quantum system (with 9 states per particle). This might have practical implications for experimentalists interested in constructing an adiabatic quantum computer. Building on the same construction, but with some additional technical effort and 12 states per particle, we show that the problem of approximating the ground state energy of a system composed of a line of quantum particles is QMA-complete; QMA is a quantum analogue of NP. This is in striking contrast to the fact that the analogous classical problem, namely, one-dimensional MAX-2-SAT with nearest neighbor constraints, is in P. The proof of the QMA-completeness result requires an additional idea beyond the usual techniques in the area: Not all illegal configurations can be ruled out by local checks, so instead we rule out such illegal configurations because they would, in the future, evolve into a state which can be seen locally to be illegal. Our construction implies (assuming the quantum Church-Turing thesis and that quantum computers cannot efficiently solve QMA-complete problems) that there are one-dimensional systems which take an exponential time to relax to their ground states at any temperature, making them candidates for being one-dimensional spin glasses.
Dorit Aharonov; Daniel Gottesman; Sandy Irani; Julia Kempe
> REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 1 The Utilization of Satellite Images to Identify
The Utilization of Satellite Images to Identify Trees Endangering Transmission Lines Y. Kobayashi, G. G. Karady, G to determine tree interference with overhead transmission lines. Index Terms-- satellite images, tree trimming a transmission lines may inter- fere with circuit operation and may produce short cir- cuits. As a typical
MATCASC: A tool to analyse cascading line outages in power grids
Blackouts in power grids typically result from cascading failures. The key importance of the electric power grid to society encourages further research into sustaining power system reliability and developing new methods to manage the risks of cascading blackouts. Adequate software tools are required to better analyze, understand, and assess the consequences of the cascading failures. This paper presents MATCASC, an open source MATLAB based tool to analyse cascading failures in power grids. Cascading effects due to line overload outages are considered. The applicability of the MATCASC tool is demonstrated by assessing the robustness of IEEE test systems and real-world power grids with respect to cascading failures.
Ko�, Yakup; Araujo, Nuno A M; Warnier, Martijn
Geophysical flight line flying and flight path recovery utilizing the Litton LTN-76 inertial navigation system
The Litton LTN-76 Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) with Inertial Track guidance System (ITGS) software is geared toward the airborne survey industry. This report is a summary of tests performed with the LTN-76 designed to fly an airborne geophysical survey as well as to recover the subsequent flight path utilizing INS derived coordinates.
Mitkus, A.F.; Cater, D.; Farmer, P.F.; Gay, S.P. Jr.
Examination of incentive mechanisms for innovative technologies applicable to utility and nonutility power generators
Innovative technologies, built by either utility or nonutility power generators, have the potential to lower costs with less environmental emissions than conventional technologies. However, the public-good nature of information, along with uncertain costs, performance, and reliability, discourages rapid adoption of these technologies. The effect of regulation of electricity production may also have an adverse impact on motivation to innovate. Slower penetration of cleaner, more efficient technologies could result in greater levels of pollution, higher electricity prices, and a reduction in international competitiveness. Regulatory incentives could encourage adoption and deployment of innovative technologies of all kinds, inducting clean coal technologies. Such incentives must be designed to offset risks inherent in innovative technology and encourage cost-effective behavior. To evaluate innovative and conventional technologies equally, the incremental cost of risk (ICR) of adopting the innovative technology must be determined. Through the ICR, the magnitude of incentive required to make a utility (or nonutility) power generator equally motivated to use either conventional or innovative technologies can be derived. Two technology risks are examined: A construction risk, represented by a 15% cost overrun, and an operating risk, represented by a increased forced outage rate (decreased capacity factor). Different incentive mechanisms and measurement criteria are used to assess the effects of these risks on ratepayers and shareholders. In most cases, a regulatory incentive could offset the perceived risks while encouraging cost-effective behavior by both utility and nonutility power generators. Not only would the required incentive be recouped, but the revenue requirements would be less for the innovative technology; also, less environmental pollution would be generated. In the long term, ratepayers and society would benefit from innovative technologies.
McDermott, K.A. [Illinois Commerce Commission, Springfield, IL (United States); Bailey, K.A.; South, D.W. [Argonne National Lab., IL (United States). Environmental Assessment and Information Sciences Div.
Combined heat & Power (CHP), Federal Utility Partnership Working Group Seminar
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious Rank EERE:YearRound-Up fromDepartmentTieCelebrate Earth Codes andDepartment of EnergyPowerStatesiUtility
Simulation of one-minute power output from utility-scale photovoltaic generation systems.
We present an approach to simulate time-synchronized, one-minute power output from large photovoltaic (PV) generation plants in locations where only hourly irradiance estimates are available from satellite sources. The approach uses one-minute irradiance measurements from ground sensors in a climatically and geographically similar area. Irradiance is translated to power using the Sandia Array Performance Model. Power output is generated for 2007 in southern Nevada are being used for a Solar PV Grid Integration Study to estimate the integration costs associated with various utility-scale PV generation levels. Plant designs considered include both fixed-tilt thin-film, and single-axis-tracked polycrystalline Si systems ranging in size from 5 to 300 MW{sub AC}. Simulated power output profiles at one-minute intervals were generated for five scenarios defined by total PV capacity (149.5 MW, 222 WM, 292 MW, 492 MW, and 892 MW) each comprising as many as 10 geographically separated PV plants.
Stein, Joshua S.; Ellis, Abraham; Hansen, Clifford W.
A system for tranmitting low frequency analog signals over ac power lines
A system for transmitting low frequency analog signals over ac power lines using FM modulation. A low frequency analog signal to be transmitted is first applied to a voltage-to-frequency converter where it is converted to a signal whose frequency varies in proportion to the analog signal amplitude. This signal is then used to modulate the carrier frequency of an FM transmitter coupled to an ac power line. The modulation signal frequency range is selected to be within the response band of the FM transmitter. The FM modulated carrier signal is received by an FM receiver coupled to the ac power line, demodulated and the demodulated signal frequency is converted by a frequency-to-voltage converter back to the form of the original low frequency analog input signal. 4 figs.
Baker, S.P.; Durall, R.L.; Haynes, H.D.
A control system for improved battery utilization in a PV-powered peak-shaving system
Photovoltaic (PV) power systems offer the prospect of allowing a utility company to meet part of the daily peak system load using a renewable resource. Unfortunately, some utilities have peak system- load periods that do not match the peak production hours of a PV system. Adding a battery energy storage system to a grid-connected PV power system will allow dispatching the stored solar energy to the grid at the desired times. Batteries, however, pose system limitations in terms of energy efficiency, maintenance, and cycle life. A new control system has been developed, based on available PV equipment and a data acquisition system, that seeks to minimize the limitations imposed by the battery system while maximizing the use of PV energy. Maintenance requirements for the flooded batteries are reduced, cycle life is maximized, and the battery is operated over an efficient range of states of charge. This paper presents design details and initial performance results on one of the first installed control systems of this type.
Palomino, E [Salt River Project, Phoenix, AZ (United States); Stevens, J. [Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States); Wiles, J. [New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM (United States). Southwest Technology Development Inst.
Magnet power supply control of the NSLS VUV and x-ray storage rings transfer lines
The transfer lines for NSLS VUV and x-ray storage rings have been split. New power supplies have been incorporated with existing ones. The existing microprocessor system has been upgraded in order to control the additional functions. This system expands the input/output port of the microprocessor to an addressable serial/parallel link to each magnet power supply. The implementation of this system will be discussed.
Klein, J.D.; Ramamoorthy, S.; Singh, O.; Smith, J.D.
IMPACTS ASSESSMENT OF PLUG-IN HYBRID VEHICLES ON ELECTRIC UTILITIES AND REGIONAL U.S. POWER GRIDS National Laboratory(a) ABSTRACT The U.S. electric power infrastructure is a strategic national asset with the emerging plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) technology to meet the majority of the daily energy needs
WARP: A modular wind power system for distributed electric utility application
Steady development of wind turbine technology, and the accumulation of wind farm operating experience, have resulted in the emergence of wind power as a potentially attractive source of electricity for utilities. Since wind turbines are inherently modular, with medium-sized units typically in the range of a few hundred kilowatts each, they lend themselves well to distributed generation service. A patented wind power technology, the Toroidal Accelerator Rotor Platform (TARP) Windframe, forms the basis for a proposed network-distributed, wind power plant combining electric generation and transmission. While heavily building on proven wind turbine technology, this system is projected to surpass traditional configuration windmills through a unique distribution/transmission combination, superior performance, user-friendly operation and maintenance, and high availability and reliability. Furthermore, its environmental benefits include little new land requirements, relatively attractive appearance, lower noise and EMI/TV interference, and reduced avian (bird) mortality potential. Its cost of energy is projected to be very competitive, in the range of from approximately 2{cents}/kWh to 5{cents}/kWh, depending on the wind resource.
Weisbrich, A.L. [ENECO, West Simsbury, CT (United States)] [ENECO, West Simsbury, CT (United States); Ostrow, S.L.; Padalino, J.P. [Raytheon Engineers and Constructors, New York, NY (United States)] [Raytheon Engineers and Constructors, New York, NY (United States)
Development of thermoelectric power generation system utilizing heat of combustible solid waste
The paper presents the development of thermoelectric power generation system utilizing heat of municipal solid waste. The systematic classification and design guideline are proposed in consideration of the characteristics of solid waste processing system. The conceptual design of thermoelectric power generation system is carried out for a typical middle scale incinerator system (200 ton/day) by the local model. Totally the recovered electricity is 926.5 kWe by 445 units (569,600 couples). In order to achieve detailed design, one dimensional steady state model taking account of temperature dependency of the heat transfer performance and thermoelectric properties is developed. Moreover, small scale on-site experiment on 60 W class module installed in the real incinerator is carried out to extract various levels of technological problems. In parallel with the system development, high temperature thermoelectric elements such as Mn-Si and so on are developed aiming the optimization of ternary compound and high performance due to controlled fine-grain boundary effect. The manganese silicide made by shrinking-rate controlled sintering method performs 5 ({mu}W/cm K{cflx 2}) in power factor at 800 K. {copyright} {ital 1995} {ital American} {ital Institute} {ital of} {ital Physics}.
Kajikawa, T.; Ito, M.; Katsube, I. [Shonan Institute of Technology, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251 (Japan); Shibuya, E. [NKK Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230 (Japan)
Appendix E. Command line interface to the diffusion analysis The sources for those utilities are available under /ul/iotov/xgd on the MSC computers.
E - 1 Appendix E. Command line interface to the diffusion analysis toolkit. The sources for those utilities are available under /ul/iotov/xgd on the MSC computers. E.1 Void extraction voids $parfile on the command line is the number of snapshots used to make the voidfile and the second is for the value
Goddard III, William A.
2014 NSERC USRA Summer Projects Power Line Communications for Electric Vehicles
2014 NSERC USRA Summer Projects Power Line Communications for Electric Vehicles Prof. Victor C become significant, especially in electric vehicles (EVs) of the future, which are highly sophisticated.M. Leung (email@example.com) 1. Project description In today's electric and conventional combustion engine
Leung, Victor C.M.
EIS-0447: Champlain Hudson Power Express Transmission Line Project, New York
This EIS evaluated the potential environmental impacts of a DOE proposal to grant a Presidential permit to Champlain Hudson Power Express, Inc., to construct, operate, maintain, and connect a new 1000-megawatt (MW) electric transmission system across the U.S.-Canada border in northeastern New York State. The proposed transmission line would run from the Canadian Province of Quebec to New York City.
Line asymmetry of solar p-modes: Reversal of asymmetry in intensity power spectra
The sense of line asymmetry of solar p-modes in the intensity power spectra is observed to be opposite of that seen in the velocity power spectra. Theoretical calculations provide a good understanding and fit to the observed velocity power spectra whereas the reverse sense of asymmetry in the intensity power spectrum has been poorly understood. We show that when turbulent eddies arrive at the top of the convection zone they give rise to an observable intensity fluctuation which is correlated with the oscillation they generate, thereby affecting the shape of the line in the p-mode power spectra and reversing the sense of asymmetry (this point was recognized by Nigam et al. and Roxburgh & Vorontsov). The addition of the correlated noise displaces the frequencies of peaks in the power spectrum. Depending on the amplitude of the noise source the shift in the position of the peak can be substantially larger than the frequency shift in the velocity power spectra. In neither case are the peak frequencies precisely equal to the eigenfrequencies of p-modes. We suggest two observations which can provide a test of the model discussed here.
Pawan Kumar; Sarbani Basu
Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Utility-Scale Wind Power: Systematic Review and Harmonization
A systematic review and harmonization of life cycle assessment (LCA) literature of utility-scale wind power systems was performed to determine the causes of and, where possible, reduce variability in estimates of life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Screening of approximately 240 LCAs of onshore and offshore systems yielded 72 references meeting minimum thresholds for quality, transparency, and relevance. Of those, 49 references provided 126 estimates of life cycle GHG emissions. Published estimates ranged from 1.7 to 81 grams CO{sub 2}-equivalent per kilowatt-hour (g CO{sub 2}-eq/kWh), with median and interquartile range (IQR) both at 12 g CO{sub 2}-eq/kWh. After adjusting the published estimates to use consistent gross system boundaries and values for several important system parameters, the total range was reduced by 47% to 3.0 to 45 g CO{sub 2}-eq/kWh and the IQR was reduced by 14% to 10 g CO{sub 2}-eq/kWh, while the median remained relatively constant (11 g CO{sub 2}-eq/kWh). Harmonization of capacity factor resulted in the largest reduction in variability in life cycle GHG emission estimates. This study concludes that the large number of previously published life cycle GHG emission estimates of wind power systems and their tight distribution suggest that new process-based LCAs of similar wind turbine technologies are unlikely to differ greatly. However, additional consequential LCAs would enhance the understanding of true life cycle GHG emissions of wind power (e.g., changes to other generators operations when wind electricity is added to the grid), although even those are unlikely to fundamentally change the comparison of wind to other electricity generation sources.
Dolan, S. L.; Heath, G. A.
650 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY, VOL. 26, NO. 2, APRIL 2011 Hourly Scheduling of DC Transmission Lines in
Transmission Lines in SCUC With Voltage Source Converters Azim Lotfjou, Mohammad Shahidehpour, Fellow, IEEE transmission lines, se- curity-constrained unit commitment, voltage-source converters. NOMENCLATURE Index of ac;LOTFJOU et al.: HOURLY SCHEDULING OF DC TRANSMISSION LINES 651 , Vector of real and reactive power
Fu, Yong
Utility-Scale Silicon Carbide Semiconductor: Monolithic Silicon Carbide Anode Switched Thyristor for Medium Voltage Power Conversion
ADEPT Project: GeneSiC is developing an advanced silicon-carbide (SiC)-based semiconductor called an anode-switched thyristor. This low-cost, compact SiC semiconductor conducts higher levels of electrical energy with better precision than traditional silicon semiconductors. This efficiency will enable a dramatic reduction in the size, weight, and volume of the power converters and electronic devices it's used in.GeneSiC is developing its SiC-based semiconductor for utility-scale power converters. Traditional silicon semiconductors can't process the high voltages that utility-scale power distribution requires, and they must be stacked in complicated circuits that require bulky insulation and cooling hardware. GeneSiC's semiconductors are well suited for high-power applications like large-scale renewable wind and solar energy installations.
A simple packet retransmission strategy for throughput and delay enhancement on power line communication channels
A new, simple, and effective communication protocol is developed and evaluated for use on power line distribution networks. The protocol involves retransmission of unacknowledged packets, which are sent in either single or multiple (N) copies in accordance with estimates of communication link quality. Multiple packet copies can be code combined at the receiver, using majority voting on each bit position, to reduce packet error rates. Adaptive link quality estimates are based on the receipt or absence of positive acknowledgements. Information throughput efficiency is calculated and N optimized in terms of system variables. Performance benefits of code combining are clearly demonstrated. The algorithm was implemented and tested using a five-station intrabuilding power line communications network operating at 1.2, 2.4, 4.8 and 9.6 kbit/s data rate. Substantial throughput and delay improvement occurred on poor quality links, without degrading performance on good links.
Onunga, J.O. (Kenya Posts and Telecommunications Corp., Nairobi (Kenya)); Donaldson, R.W. (Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver (Canada). Dept. of Electrical Engineering)
Economic Assessment and Impacts Assessment of Plug-In Hybrid Vehicles on Electric Utilities And Regional U.S. Power Grids
Part 2 provides an economic assessment of the impacts of PHEV adoption on vehicle owners and on electric utilities. The paper finds favorable impacts on LCC to vehicle owners, and average costs of power for both types of utilities.
Scott, Michael J.; Kintner-Meyer, Michael CW; Elliott, Douglas B.; Warwick, William M.
Economic Assessment And Impacts Assessment Of Plug-In Hybrid Vehicles On Electric Utilities And Regional U.S. Power Grids
Termination for a superconducting power transmission line including a horizontal cryogenic bushing
A termination for a superconducting power transmission line is disclosed which is comprised of a standard air entrance insulated vertical bushing with an elbow, a horizontal cryogenic bushing linking the pressurized cryogenic cable environment to the ambient temperature bushing and a stress cone which terminates the cable outer shield and transforms the large radial voltage gradient in the cable dielectric into a much lower radial voltage gradient in the high density helium coolant at the cold end of the cryogenic bushing.
Minati, Kurt F. (Northport, NY); Morgan, Gerry H. (Patchogue, NY); McNerney, Andrew J. (Shoreham, NY); Schauer, Felix (Upton, NY)
Horizontal cryogenic bushing for the termination of a superconducting power-transmission line
A termination for a superconducting power transmission line is disclosed which is comprised of a standard air entrance insulated vertical bushing with an elbow, a horizontal cryogenic bushing linking the pressurized cryogenic cable environment to the ambient temperature bushing and a stress cone which terminated the cable outer shield and transforms the large radial voltage gradient in the cable dielectric into a much lower radial voltage gradient in the high density helium coolant at the cold end of the cryogenic bushing.
Minati, K.F.; Morgan, G.H.; McNerney, A.J.; Schauer, F.
Renewable Energy Price-Stability Benefits in Utility Green Power Programs
This paper examines utility experiences when offering the fixed-price benefits of renewable energy in green pricing programs, including the methods utilized and the impact on program participation. It focuses primarily on utility green pricing programs in states that have not undergone electric industry restructuring.
Bird, L. A.; Cory, K. S.; Swezey, B. G.
Design and analysis of modern three-phase AC/AC power converters for AC drives and utility interface
output current/voltage waveforms and fast dynamic response in high power areas. A new topology and control scheme for a six-step current source inverter is proposed. The proposed topology utilizes a small voltage source inverter, to turn off main...
Kwak, Sangshin
$18.8 Million Award for Power Systems Engineering Research Center Continues Collaboration of 13 Universities and 35 Utilities for Electric Power Research, Building the Nation's Energy Workforce
The Department of Energy awarded a cooperative agreement on January 16, 2009, to the Arizona State University (ASU) Board of Regents to operate the Power Systems Engineering Research Center (PSERC). PSERC is a collaboration of 13 universities with 35 electricity industry member organizations including utilities, transmission companies, vendors and research organizations.
Novel Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Power Cycle Utilizing Pressured Oxy-combustion in Conjunction with Cryogenic Compression
The team of Southwest Research Institute� (SwRI) and Thar Energy LLC (Thar) applied technology engineering and economic analysis to evaluate two advanced oxy-combustion power cycles, the Cryogenic Pressurized Oxy-combustion Cycle (CPOC), and the Supercritical Oxy-combustion Cycle. This assessment evaluated the performance and economic cost of the two proposed cycles with carbon capture, and included a technology gap analysis of the proposed technologies to determine the technology readiness level of the cycle and the cycle components. The results of the engineering and economic analysis and the technology gap analysis were used to identify the next steps along the technology development roadmap for the selected cycle. The project objectives, as outlined in the FOA, were 90% CO{sub 2} removal at no more than a 35% increase in cost of electricity (COE) as compared to a Supercritical Pulverized Coal Plant without CO{sub 2} capture. The supercritical oxy-combustion power cycle with 99% carbon capture achieves a COE of $121/MWe. This revised COE represents a 21% reduction in cost as compared to supercritical steam with 90% carbon capture ($137/MWe). However, this represents a 49% increase in the COE over supercritical steam without carbon capture ($80.95/MWe), exceeding the 35% target. The supercritical oxy-combustion cycle with 99% carbon capture achieved a 37.9% HHV plant efficiency (39.3% LHV plant efficiency), when coupling a supercritical oxy-combustion thermal loop to an indirect supercritical CO{sub 2} (sCO{sub 2}) power block. In this configuration, the power block achieved 48% thermal efficiency for turbine inlet conditions of 650�C and 290 atm. Power block efficiencies near 60% are feasible with higher turbine inlet temperatures, however a design tradeoff to limit firing temperature to 650�C was made in order to use austenitic stainless steels for the high temperature pressure vessels and piping and to minimize the need for advanced turbomachinery features such as blade cooling. The overall technical readiness of the supercritical oxy-combustion cycle is TRL 2, Technology Concept, due to the maturity level of the supercritical oxy-combustor for solid fuels, and several critical supporting components, as identified in the Technical Gap Analysis. The supercritical oxycombustor for solid fuels operating at pressures near 100 atm is a unique component of the supercritical oxy-combustion cycle. In addition to the low TRL supercritical oxy-combustor, secondary systems were identified that would require adaptation for use with the supercritical oxycombustion cycle. These secondary systems include the high pressure pulverized coal feed, high temperature cyclone, removal of post-combustion particulates from the high pressure cyclone underflow stream, and micro-channel heat exchangers tolerant of particulate loading. Bench scale testing was utilized to measure coal combustion properties at elevated pressures in a CO{sub 2} environment. This testing included coal slurry preparation, visualization of coal injection into a high pressure fluid, and modification of existing test equipment to facilitate the combustion properties testing. Additional bench scale testing evaluated the effectiveness of a rotary atomizer for injecting a coal-water slurry into a fluid with similar densities, as opposed to the typical application where the high density fluid is injected into a low density fluid. The swirl type supercritical oxy-combustor was developed from initial concept to an advanced design stage through numerical simulation using FLUENT and Chemkin to model the flow through the combustor and provide initial assessment of the coal combustion reactions in the flow path. This effort enabled the initial combustor mechanical layout, initial pressure vessel design, and the conceptual layout of a pilot scale test loop. A pilot scale demonstration of the supercritical oxy-combustion cycle is proposed as the next step in the technology development. This demonstration would advance the supercritical oxy-combustion cycle and the supercritical
Brun, Klaus; McClung, Aaron; Davis, John
Control of single-phase islanded PV/battery streetlight cluster based on Power-Line Signaling
1 Control of single-phase islanded PV/battery streetlight cluster based on Power-Line Signaling and low power (typically microturbines, PV and batteries). Power electronics provide the control of each unit, i.e. a converter fed by a battery. Energy management control is essential in order to handle
Vasquez, Juan Carlos
1 DATA-DRIVEN ON-LINE PREDICTION OF THE AVAILABLE RECOVERY TIME IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANT FAILURE-XADS). Key Words: Recovery Time, Emergency Accident Management, Nuclear Power Plant, Lead- Bismuth Eutectic e [�wre, 2001]. Yet, the problem of what kind of decision support to provide to nuclear power plant
Ocean Power Technologies (TRL 5 6 System) - PB500, 500 kW Utility...
technologiesinchart.ppt More Documents & Publications Advanced, High Power, Next Scale, Wave Energy Conversion Device Ocean Power Technologies (TRL 7 8 System) - Reedsport PB150...
American Municipal Power (Public Electric Utilities)- Commercial Efficiency Smart Program (Ohio)
Efficiency Smart� provides energy efficiency incentives and technical assistance to the American Municipal Power, Inc (AMP) network of public power communities. The Efficiency Smart service...
American Municipal Power (Public Electric Utilities)- Residential Efficiency Smart Program (Ohio)
Efficiency Smart � provides energy efficiency incentives to the American Municipal Power, Inc (AMP) network of public power communities. Efficiency Smart assists residential, commercial , and...
Analysis of a Main Steam Line Break in Asco Nuclear Power Plant
A comprehensive analysis of a double-ended main steam line break (MSLB) accident assumed to occur in the Asco nuclear power plant was carried out using the RELAP/PARCS coupled code. The general results of the benchmark provide a certain qualification of tools and methodologies used. Applying such methodologies to other plant models can be useful to extend conclusions and to identify areas where further analysis is needed. The calculations showed the capability of the control rod to recover the accident. However, one stuck control rod caused some recriticality or return to power (RTP), whose magnitude is heavily affected by the initial and boundary conditions. This paper identifies similarities and discrepancies between the benchmark calculation on the TMI-1 model and the Westinghouse three-loop calculation on the Asco model. The use of an integral plant model was helpful in showing the importance on the RTP of different plant systems that are modeled in detail. The high-pressure injection system and feedwater lines as well as the broken steam line model are the most significant.
Cuadra, Arantxa; Gago, Jose Luis; Reventos, Francesc
Recent Developments in the Regulation of Electric Utility Resource Planning in Texas
The Texas Legislature has charged the Public Utility Commission of Texas with the responsibility to license utility power plants and transmission lines, and develop a statewide electrical energy plan. Related duties include the encouragement...
Totten, J.; Adib, P.; Matlock, R.; Treadway, N.
The integration of renewable energy sources into electric power distribution systems. Volume 2, Utility case assessments
Electric utility distribution system impacts associated with the integration of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics (PV) and wind turbines (WT) are considered in this project. The impacts are expected to vary from site to site according to the following characteristics: (1) The local solar insolation and/or wind characteristics; (2) renewable energy source penetration level; (3) whether battery or other energy storage systems are applied; and (4) local utility distribution design standards and planning practices. Small, distributed renewable energy sources are connected to the utility distribution system like other, similar kW- and MW-scale equipment and loads. Residential applications are expected to be connected to single-phase 120/240-V secondaries. Larger kw-scale applications may be connected to three-phase secondaries, and larger hundred-kW and MW-scale applications, such as MW-scale windfarms or PV plants, may be connected to electric utility primary systems via customer-owned primary and secondary collection systems. Small, distributed renewable energy sources installed on utility distribution systems will also produce nonsite-specific utility generation system benefits such as energy and capacity displacement benefits, in addition to the local site-specific distribution system benefits. Although generation system benefits are not site-specific, they are utility-specific, and they vary significantly among utilities in different regions. In addition, transmission system benefits, environmental benefits and other benefits may apply. These benefits also vary significantly among utilities and regions. Seven utility case studies considering PV, WT, and battery storage were conducted to identify a range of potential renewable energy source distribution system applications.
Zaininger, H.W.; Ellis, P.R.; Schaefer, J.C. [Zaininger Engineering Co., San Jose, CA (United States)
Design and Manufacture of the RF Power Supply and RF Transmission Line for SANAEM Project Prometheus
A 1-5 MeV proton beamline is being built by the Turkish Atomic Energy Authority in collaboration with a number of graduate students from different universities. The most important aspect of the project, is to acquire the design ability and manufacturing capability of all the components locally. SPP will be an accelerator and beam diagnostics test facility and it will also serve the detector development community with its low beam current. This paper discusses the design and construction of the RF power supply and the RF transmission line components such as its waveguide converters and its circulator.
Turemen, G; Unel, G; Alacakir, A
Review of Historical and Modern Utilization of Wind Power Publications Department
words are used, such as windmill and wind turbines. The word windmill indicates that wind power of Alexandria, who in the third or second century BC described a simple horizontal-axis wind turbine seriously used wind power from a vertical-axis machine. From Asia the use of wind power spread to Europe
On-line Decentralized Charging of Plug-In Electric Vehicles in Power Systems
Plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) are gaining increasing popularity in recent years, due to the growing societal awareness of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the dependence on foreign oil or petroleum. Large-scale implementation of PEVs in the power system currently faces many challenges. One particular concern is that the PEV charging can potentially cause significant impact on the existing power distribution system, due to the increase in peak load. As such, this work tries to mitigate the PEV charging impact by proposing a decentralized smart PEV charging algorithm to minimize the distribution system load variance, so that a 'flat' total load profile can be obtained. The charging algorithm is on-line, in that it controls the PEV charging processes in each time slot based entirely on the current power system state. Thus, compared to other forecast based smart charging approaches in the literature, the charging algorithm is robust against various uncertainties in the power system, such as random PE...
Li, Qiao; Negi, Rohit; Franchetti, Franz; Ilic, Marija D
Rule Based Energy Management and Reporting System (EMRS) Applied to a Large Utility Power Station Complex
Deregulation of electricity and rising fuel costs are causing renewed interest in Energy Management Systems (EMS) to service both the utility and private sectors. This paper details a case study of the successful integration of a new class of rule...
Bamber, D.; Childress, R.; Robinson, J.
UMCP-BG and E collaboration in nuclear power engineering in the framework of DOE-Utility Nuclear Power Engineering Education Matching Grant Program
The DOE-Utility Nuclear Power Engineering Education Matching Grant Program has been established to support the education of students in Nuclear Engineering Programs to maintain a knowledgeable workforce in the United States in order to keep nuclear power as a viable component in a mix of energy sources for the country. The involvement of the utility industry ensures that this grant program satisfies the needs and requirements of local nuclear energy producers and at the same time establishes a strong linkage between education and day-to-day nuclear power generation. As of 1997, seventeen pairs of university-utility partners existed. UMCP was never a member of that group of universities, but applied for the first time with a proposal to Baltimore Gas and Electric Company in January 1999 [1]. This proposal was generously granted by BG&E [2,3] in the form of a gift in the amount of $25,000 from BG&E's Corporate Contribution Program. Upon the arrival of a newly appointed Director of Administration in the Department of Materials and Nuclear Engineering, the BG&E check was deposited into the University's Maryland Foundation Fund. The receipt of the letter and the check enabled UMCP to apply for DOE's matching funds in the same amount by a proposal.
Wolfe, Lothar PhD
Organizational analysis and safety for utilities with nuclear power plants: perspectives for organizational assessment. Volume 2. [PWR; BWR
This two-volume report presents the results of initial research on the feasibility of applying organizational factors in nuclear power plant (NPP) safety assessment. Volume 1 of this report contains an overview of the literature, a discussion of available safety indicators, and a series of recommendations for more systematically incorporating organizational analysis into investigations of nuclear power plant safety. The six chapters of this volume discuss the major elements in our general approach to safety in the nuclear industry. The chapters include information on organizational design and safety; organizational governance; utility environment and safety related outcomes; assessments by selected federal agencies; review of data sources in the nuclear power industry; and existing safety indicators.
Osborn, R.N.; Olson, J.; Sommers, P.E.; McLaughlin, S.D.; Jackson, M.S.; Nadel, M.V.; Scott, W.G.; Connor, P.E.; Kerwin, N.; Kennedy, J.K. Jr.
Utilizing Load Response for Wind and Solar Integration and Power System Reliability
Responsive load is still the most underutilized reliability resource in North America. This paper examines the characteristics of concern to the power system, the renewables, and to the loads.
Milligan, M.; Kirby, B.
On-line mechanical tube cleaning for steam electric power plants. Final report
In July 1991, Superior I.D. Tube Cleaners, Inc. (SIDTEC{trademark}) received a grant through the Department of Energy and the Energy Related Invention Program to conduct a long term demonstration of a proprietary technology for on-line mechanical condenser tube cleaning in thermal Power plants on open or once-through cooling water systems where the warmed condenser cooling water is discharged through a canal. The purpose of the demonstration was to confirm and establish the use of this mechanical method as an alternative to the application of chemical biocides in condenser cooling water for the control of biofouling, the growth of micro-organisms which can reduce a unit`s operating efficiency. The SIDTEC on-line mechanical tube cleaner, the Rocket{trademark}, is used to physically remove accumulated deposits on the water side of the main steam condenser, and the non-intrusive tube cleaner recovery system, the Skimmer{trademark}, is used to recover and recirculate tube cleaners. The periodic circulation of tube cleaners can maintain optimum condenser cleanliness and improve unit heat rate. Thermal power plants which discharge condenser cooling water through a canal now have a viable alternative to the chemical treatment of condenser cooling water, whether the principal foulant is biofouling, chemical scaling, silting, or a combination of the three. At prices competitive with scale inhibitors, and a fraction of competing mechanical systems, this technology is provided as a service requiring no capital investment; minimal retrofit modifications to plant structures or equipment; can be installed and maintained without a unit shutdown; does not add any restrictions in the cooling water system; and is environmentally benign.
Overhead electric power transmission line jumpering system for bundles of five or more subconductors
Jumpering of electric power transmission lines at a dead end tower. Two transmission line conductor bundles each contain five or more spaced apart subconductors (5) arranged in the shape of a cylinder having a circular cross section. The ends of each bundle of subconductors are attached with insulators to a dead end tower (1). Jumpering allows the electric current to flow between the two bundles of subconductors using jumper buses, internal jumper conductors, and external jumper conductors. One or more current collecting jumper buses (37) are located inside each bundle of subconductors with each jumper bus being attached to the end of a subconductor. Small-diameter internal jumper conductors (33) are located in the inherently electrically shielded area inside each bundle of subconductors with each subconductor (except ones having an attached jumper bus) having one internal jumper conductor connected between that subconductor's end and a jumper bus. Large-diameter external jumper conductors (9) are located outside each bundle of subconductors with one or more external jumper conductors being connected between the jumper buses in one bundle of subconductors and the jumper buses in the other bundle.
Winkelman, Paul F. (Beaverton, OR)
Evaluation of Heat Stress and Strain in Electric Utility Workers
exposures in electric utility line workers during work intwo broad classes: utility line workers/meter technicians3 different samples: utility line workers/meter technicians,
Brown, Eric Nicholas
City of Burbank Water and Power, California (Utility Company) | Open Energy
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of Inspector GeneralDepartmentAUDITOhio (Utility Company) Jump to: navigation, searchBryan,
Testing the photoionization models of powerful radio galaxies: Mixed line-emitting media in 3C 321
The photoionization models for the narrow emission line regions of powerful radio galaxies have yet to be tested in depth. To this end, we present high-quality long-slit spectroscopy of the powerful double-nucleus radio galaxy 3C 321. The data have good enough spatial resolution to be able to trace the variation in emission-line properties on kpc scales. Continuum modelling and subtraction enables the faint emission line fluxes to be measured in several regions across the emission line nebula. We plot diagnostic line-ratio diagrams and compare them with the predictions of various photoionization models, finding that the data is best fit by models which assume a mixture of optically thin and thick clouds illuminated by a power-law continuum. The emission line kinematics, line ratios and deduced physical conditions show remarkably little variation across the source. We deduce a mean electron density of 400 +/- 120 cm-3 and a mean temperature of 11500 +/- 1500 K. Assuming a single population of optically thick line-emitting clouds, we calculate a mean photoionization parameter of (1.1 +/- 0.5) x 10e-2 and hence a photoionizing photon luminosity of Q ~ 10e55 -- 10e56 photon/s/sr. This indicates a central engine as luminous as that of the powerful quasar 3C 273, yet there is no evidence for such an energetically prolific central engine at either far-infrared or radio wavelengths. We therefore conclude that the mixed-media models, which give Q ~ 5 x 10e53 -- 5 x 10e54, represent a more likely scenario. As a by-product of the continuum subtraction we infer that young stellar populations account for ~ 0.4% of the visible stellar mass in the galaxy, and that these populations are spatially extended.
T. G. Robinson; C. N. Tadhunter; D. J. Axon; A. Robinson
Constraint-based Evolutionary QoS Adaptation for Power Utility Communication Networks
Champrasert, Junichi Suzuki and Tetsuo Otani Department of Computer Science University of Massachusetts power stations to consumers through a number of substations. Recently, the commu- nication networks consumers through a chain of substations. Each substation is re- sponsible for a certain physical regio
Suzuki, Jun
ReseaRch DRiven FAU is utilizing the power of partnerships to go green,
as Florida Power & Light, the State of Florida Solar Energy System Incentives program and other state sources potential use as an abundant renewable energy source. The deployment of the ADCPs is the first step in COET's Center for Ocean Energy Technology (COET) deployed four acoustic doppler current profilers (ADCP
Fernandez, Eduardo
Utility-based Time and Power Allocation on an Energy Harvesting Downlink: The Optimal
problem where the transmitter is aware of the energy arrival statistics of a frame before the frame starts harvest energy through solar cells, vibration absorption devices, thermoelectric generators, wind power on optimizing data transmission with an energy harvesting transmitter. A single-user communication system op
Uysal-Biyikoglu, Elif
Solar cogeneration: Cimarron River station, Central Telephone and Utilities-Western Power
The site-specific conceptual design progress is described for a solar central receiver cogeneration facility at a Kansas utility. The process is described which led to the selection of the preferred solar cogeneration facility. The status of the conceptual design is presented. The evaluation of system performance is described. A test program is described that is to determine the magnitude of impact that local environmental factors have on collector system performance and to measure the direct normal insolation at the cogeneration facility site. The system specification is appended. (LEW)
Harder, J.E.
CHP Modeling as a Tool for Electric Power Utilities to Understand Major Industrial Customers
for optimum rate design. REFERENCES 1. Kumana, J D and R Nath, "Demand Side Dispatching, Part 1 - A Novel Approach for Industrial Load Shaping Applications", IETC Proceedings (March 93) 2. R Nath, D A Cerget, and E T Henderson, "Demand Side... Dispatching, Part 2 - An Industrial Application", IETC Proceedings (March 93) 3. R Nath and J D Kumana, "NOx Dispatching in Plant Utility Systems using Existing Software Tools", IETC Proceedings (April 92) 4. R Nath, J D KUJIl3I13, and J F Holiday...
Kumana, J. D.; Alanis, F. J.; Swad, T.; Shah, J. V.
{open_quotes}Secure Bus{close_quotes} disturbance-free power at the utility substation level
Over the last 18 months Public Service Company of New Mexico (PNM), El Camino Real Engineering, Inc. (CRE), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) have worked on the development of disturbance-free power at the medium voltage substation level. The work resulted in the Secure Bus concept, a system in which a medium voltage bus in a substation is immune to power outages and voltage sags on the utility source. The Secure Bus voltage is also immune to voltage sags resulting from faults on any distribution feeder connected to the bus. The Secure Bus concept originated from work conducted to improve power quality for large high-tech manufacturing facilities, in particular for large semiconductor manufacturing plants. For the demands on quality power of a modern facility conventional equipment is not adequate for protecting the end user. For example, the operation of conventional vacuum breakers during short circuit conditions on a feeder circuit, requiring 3 to 5 cycles for breaker opening, does not allow for fast enough current interruption to avoid a voltage dip on the main bus. A sever voltage sag could result in a shut down of sensitive equipment being supplied by the other feeder circuits, which are connected to the main bus. The circumvent the problem, a fast breaker was introduced which interrupts the short circuit before the current causes a significant voltage disturbance. To make the bus immune also to power disturbances caused by power outages, energy storage is introduced to provide the necessary energy back-up in case the primary source is not available.
Boenig, H.J. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States); Jones, W.H. [El Camino Real Engineering, Inc., Corrales, NM (United States)
Utility-Scale Power Tower Solar Systems: Performance Acceptance Test Guidelines
The purpose of these Guidelines is to provide direction for conducting performance acceptance testing for large power tower solar systems that can yield results of a high level of accuracy consistent with good engineering knowledge and practice. The recommendations have been developed under a National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) subcontract and reviewed by stakeholders representing concerned organizations and interests throughout the concentrating solar power (CSP) community. An earlier NREL report provided similar guidelines for parabolic trough systems. These Guidelines recommend certain methods, instrumentation, equipment operating requirements, and calculation methods. When tests are run in accordance with these Guidelines, we expect that the test results will yield a valid indication of the actual performance of the tested equipment. But these are only recommendations--to be carefully considered by the contractual parties involved in the Acceptance Tests--and we expect that modifications may be required to fit the particular characteristics of a specific project.
Kearney, D.
Commercialization of coal-fired diesel engines for cogeneration and non-utility power markets
The primary objective of this METC project is to established practical, durable components compatible with clean coal slurry fuel and capable of low emissions. The components will be integrated into a coal power system for a 100-hr proof-of-concept test. The goal of this program is to advance the stationary coal-fueled diesel engine to the next plateau of technological readiness, and thus provide the springboard to commercialization.
Wilson, R.P.; Rao, K.; Benedek, K.R.; Itse, D.; Parkinson, J.; Kimberley, J.; Balles, E.N.; Benson, C.E.; Smith, C.
Re-Examining first principles of regulation: NRG power marketing, LLC v. Maine public utilities Commission
Maine PUC and Morgan Stanley have resolved some of the key issues facing the energy industry. The Supreme Court has plainly and directly in both cases reaffirmed the central role that private contracts play in the energy industry and set terms to balance the need to secure long-term investment with the public interest that lies at the heart of the Federal Power Act. (author)
Haskell, Mark R.
Technical and economic feasibility of a Thermal Gradient Utilization Cycle (TGUC) power plant
Energy Conversion unit mass mass flow rate life of system Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion power pressure heat flow Rl R4 TGUC TP T2 total primary energy subsidy expressed as BTU input per 1000 BTU output thermal energy subsidy expressed... has grown in energy technologies that use renewable resources such as solar (thermal conversion, ocean thermal energy conversion, photovoltaics, wind and biomass conversion), geothermal and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) . A new concept that can...
Raiji, Ashok
Stability effects of frequency controllers and transmission line configurations on power systems with integration of wind power
This thesis investigates the stability effects of the integration of wind power on multi-machine power systems. First, the small-signal stability effects of turbine governors connected to synchronous generators in the ...
Abdelhalim, Hussein Mohamed
Electric utility system planning studies for OTEC power integration. Final report
Florida Power Corporation (FPC) conducted an evaluation of the possible integration of OTEC into the FPC system. Existing system planning procedures, assumptions, and corporate financial criteria for planning new generating capacity were used without modification. A baseline configuration for an OTEC plant was developed for review with standard planning procedures. The OTEC plant characteristics and costs were incorporated in considerable detail. These basic inputs were examined using the FPC system planning methods. It was found that with the initial set of conditions, OTEC would not be economically viable. Using the same system planning procedures, a number of adjustments were made to the key study assumptions. It was found that two considerations dominate the analysis; the assumed rate of fuel cost escalation, and the projected capital cost of the OTEC plant. The analysis produced a parametric curve: on one hand, if fuel costs were to escalate at a rate greater than assumed (12% vs the assumed 5% for coal), and if no change were made to the OTEC input assumptions, the basic economic competitive criteria would be equivalent to the principal alternative, coal fueled plants. Conversely, if the projected cost of the OTEC plant were to be reduced from the assumed $2256/kW to $1450/kW, the economic competitiveness criterion would be satisfied. After corporate financial analysis, it was found that even if the cost competitive criterion were to be reached, the plan including OTEC could not be financed by Florida Power Corporation. Since, under the existing set of conditions for financing new plant capital requirements, FPC could not construct an OTEC plant, some other means of ownership would be necessary to integrate OTEC into the FPC system. An alternative such as a third party owning the plant and selling power to FPC, might prove attractive. (WHK)
CEM 2010, April 7-9 2010, Limoges France 1 Abstract--Power Line Communication (PLC) is a technique
CEM 2010, April 7-9 2010, Limoges France 1 Abstract-- Power Line Communication (PLC) is a technique used to deliver information over the electrical networks. The capacity and performance of PLC has PLC systems and radio broadcasters. Due to their dispersive nature, the PLC channels offer a rich
Brest, Université de
Medical devices utilizing optical fibers for simultaneous power, communications and control
A medical device is constructed in the basic form of a catheter having a distal end for insertion into and manipulation within a body and a proximal end providing for a user to control the manipulation of the distal end within the body. A fiberoptic cable is disposed within the catheter and having a distal end proximate to the distal end of the catheter and a proximal end for external coupling of laser light energy. A laser-light-to-mechanical-power converter is connected to receive light from the distal end of the fiber optic cable and may include a photo-voltaic cell and an electromechanical motor or a heat-sensitive photo-thermal material. An electronic sensor is connected to receive electrical power from said distal end of the fiberoptic cable and is connected to provide signal information about a particular physical environment and communicated externally through the fiberoptic cable to the proximal end thereof. A mechanical sensor is attached to the distal end of the fiberoptic cable and connected to provide light signal information about a particular physical environment and communicated externally through the fiberoptic cable.
Fitch, Joseph P.; Matthews, Dennis L.; Hagans, Karla G.; Lee, Abraham P.; Krulevitch, Peter; Benett, William J.; Clough, Robert E.; DaSilva, Luiz B.; Celliers, Peter M.
Developing Effective Continuous On-Line Monitoring Technologies to Manage Service Degradation of Nuclear Power Plants
Recently, there has been increased interest in using prognostics (i.e, remaining useful life (RUL) prediction) for managing and mitigating aging effects in service-degraded passive nuclear power reactor components. A vital part of this philosophy is the development of tools for detecting and monitoring service-induced degradation. Experience with in-service degradation has shown that rapidly-growing cracks, including several varieties of stress corrosion cracks (SCCs), can grow through a pipe in less than one fuel outage cycle after they initiate. Periodic inspection has limited effectiveness at detecting and managing such degradation requiring a more versatile monitoring philosophy. Acoustic emission testing (AET) and guided wave ultrasonic testing (GUT) are related technologies with potential for on-line monitoring applications. However, harsh operating conditions within NPPs inhibit the widespread implementation of both technologies. For AET, another hurdle is the attenuation of passive degradation signals as they travel though large components, relegating AET to targeted applications. GUT is further hindered by the complexity of GUT signatures limiting its application to the inspection of simple components. The development of sensors that are robust and inexpensive is key to expanding the use of AET and GUT for degradation monitoring in NPPs and improving overall effectiveness. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of AET and GUT in NPPs can be enhanced through thoughtful application of tandem AET-GUT techniques.
Meyer, Ryan M.; Ramuhalli, Pradeep; Bond, Leonard J.; Cumblidge, Stephen E.
Tracking the Reliability of the U.S. Electric Power System: An Assessment of Publicly Available Information Reported to State Public Utility Commissions
Large blackouts, such as the August 14-15, 2003 blackout in the northeasternUnited States and Canada, focus attention on the importance of reliable electric service. As public and private efforts are undertaken to improve reliability and prevent power interruptions, it is appropriate to assess their effectiveness. Measures of reliability, such as the frequency and duration of power interruptions, have been reported by electric utilities to state public utility commissions for many years. This study examines current state and utility practices for collecting and reporting electricity reliability information and discusses challenges that arise in assessing reliability because of differences among these practices. The study is based primarily on reliability information for 2006 reported by 123 utilities to 37 state public utility commissions.
LaCommare, Kristina H.; Eto, Joseph H.
An assessment of the use of direct contact condensers with wet cooling systems for utility steam power plants
Potential use of a direct contact condenser for steam recovery at the turbine exhaust of a utility power plant using a wet cooling system is investigated. To maintain condensate separate from the cooling water, a bank of plate heat exchangers is used. In a case study for a nominal 130-MW steam power plant, two heat rejection systems, one using a conventional surface condenser and another using a direct contact condenser together with a set of plate heat exchangers are compared on the basis of their performance, operation and maintenance, and system economics. Despite a higher initial cost for the direct contact system, the advantages it offers suggests that this system is viable both technically and economically. Key to the improvements the direct contact system offers is a higher equivalent availability for the power system. Reduction of dissolved oxygen and other metallic ions in the condensate, reduced use of chemical scavengers and polishers, and potential elimination of a plant floor are also major benefits of this system. Drawbacks include added plant components and higher initial cost. The potential for long-term cost reduction for the direct contact system is also identified.
Bharathan, D.; Hoo, E. [National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO (United States)] [National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO (United States); D`Errico, P. [Stone and Webster Engineering Corp., Boston, MA (United States)] [Stone and Webster Engineering Corp., Boston, MA (United States)
E-Print Network 3.0 - ac power lines Sample Search Results
Physics 2 Abstract--Environmentally friendly technologies such as photovoltaics and fuel cells are DC sources. In the current power Summary: . In the current power...
Avista Utilities- Net Metering
Idaho does not have a statewide net-metering policy. However, each of the state's three investor-owned utilities -- Avista Utilities, Idaho Power and Rocky Mountain Power -- has developed a net...
Cogeneration and Small Power Production Quarterly Report to the California Public Utilities Commission First Quarter 1984
At the end of the First Quarter of 1984, the number of signed contracts and letter agreements for cogeneration and small power production projects was 322, with a total estimated nominal capacity of 2,643 MW. Of these totals, 215 projects, capable of producing 640 MW, are operational. A map indicating the location of operational facilities under contract with PG and E is provided. Developers of cogeneration, solid waste, or biomass projects had signed 110 contracts with a potential of 1,467 MW. In total, 114 contracts and letter agreements had been signed with projects capable of producing 1,508 MW. PG and E also had under active discussion 35 cogeneration projects that could generate a total of 425 MW to 467 MW, and 11 solid waste or biomass projects with a potential of 94 MW to 114 MW. One contract had been signed for a geothermal project, capable of producing 80 MW. There were 7 solar projects with signed contracts and a potential of 37 MW, as well as 5 solar projects under active discussion for 31 MW. Wind farm projects under contract numbered 32, with a generating capability of 848 MW. Also, discussions were being conducted with 18 wind farm projects, totaling 490 MW. There were 101 wind projects of 100 kW or less with signed contracts and a potential of 1 MW, as well as 6 other small wind projects under active discussion. There were 64 hydroelectric projects with signed contracts and a potential of 148 MW, as well as 75 projects under active discussion for 316 MW. In addition, there were 31 hydroelectric projects, with a nominal capacity of 187 MW, that Pg and E was planning to construct.
Cogeneration and Small Power Production Quarterly Report to the California Public Utilities Commission Fourth Quarter 1983
At the end of 1983, the number of signed contracts and letter agreements for cogeneration and small power production projects was 305, with a total estimated nominal capacity of 2,389 MW. Of these totals, 202 projects, capable of producing 566 MW, are operational (Table A). A map indicating the location of operational facilities under contract with PG and E is provided as Figure A. Developers of cogeneration, solid waste, or biomass projects had signed 101 contracts with a potential of 1,408 MW. In total, 106 contracts and letter agreements had been signed with projects capable of producing 1,479 MW. PG and E also had under active discussion 29 cogeneration projects that could generate a total of 402 MW to 444 MW, and 13 solid waste or biomass projects with a potential of 84 MW to 89 MW. One contract had been signed for a geothermal project, capable of producing 80 MW. There were 7 solar projects with signed contracts and a potential of 37 MW, as well as 3 solar projects under active discussion for 31 MW. Wind farm projects under contract numbered 28, with a generating capability of 618 MW. Also, discussions were being conducted with 14 wind farm projects, totaling 365 MW. There were 100 wind projects of 100 kW or less with signed contracts and a potential of 1 MW, as well as 8 other small wind projects under active discussion. There were 59 hydroelectric projects with signed contracts and a potential of 146 MW, as well as 72 projects under active discussion for 169 MW. In addition, there were 31 hydroelectric projects, with a nominal capacity of 185 MW, that PG and E was planning to construct. Table B displays the above information. In tabular form, in Appendix A, are status reports of the projects as of December 31, 1983.
Radiological Assessment for the Removal of Legacy BPA Power Lines that Cross the Hanford Site
This paper discusses some radiological field monitoring and assessment methods used to assess the components of an old electrical power transmission line that ran across the Hanford Site between the production reactors area (100 Area) and the chemical processing area (200 Area). This task was complicated by the presence of radon daughters -- both beta and alpha emitters -- residing on the surfaces, particularly on the surfaces of weathered metals and metals that had been electrically-charged. In many cases, these activities were high compared to the DOE Surface Contamination Guidelines, which were used as guides for the assessment. These methods included the use of the Toulmin model of argument, represented using Toulmin diagrams, to represent the combined force of several strands of evidences, rather than a single measurement of activity, to demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that no or very little Hanford activity was present and mixed with the natural activity. A number of forms of evidence were used: the overall chance of Hanford contamination; measurements of removable activity, beta and alpha; 1-minute scaler counts of total surface activity, beta and alpha, using "background makers"; the beta activity to alpha activity ratios; measured contamination on nearby components; NaI gamma spectral measurements to compare uncontaminated and potentially-contaminated spectra, as well as measurements for the sentinel radionuclides, Am- 241 and Cs-137 on conducting wire; comparative statistical analyses; and in-situ measurements of alpha spectra on conducting wire showing that the alpha activity was natural Po-210, as well as to compare uncontaminated and potentially-contaminated spectra.
Millsap, William J. [Mission Support Alliance, Richland, WA (United States); Brush, Daniel J. [Mission Support Alliance, Richland, WA (United States)
Cogeneration and Small Power Production Quarterly Report to the California Public Utilities Commission. Second Quarter 1984
At the end of the Second Quarter of 1984, the number of signed contracts and letter agreements for cogeneration and small power production projects was 334, with total estimated nominal capacity of 2,876 MW. Of these totals, 232 projects, capable of producing 678 MW, are operational (Table A). A map indicating the location of operational facilities under contract with PG and E is provided as Figure A. Developers of cogeneration projects had signed 80 contracts with a potential of 1,161 MW. Thirty-three contracts had been signed for solid waste/biomass projects for a total of 298 MW. In total, 118 contracts and letter agreements had been signed with cogeneration, solid waste, and biomass projects capable of producing 1,545 MW. PG and E also had under active discussion 46 cogeneration projects that could generate a total of 688 MW to 770 MW, and 13 solid waste or biomass projects with a potential of 119 MW to 139 MW. One contract had been signed for a geothermal project, capable of producing 80 MW. Two geothermal projects were under active discussion for a total of 2 MW. There were 8 solar projects with signed contracts and a potential of 37 MW, as well as 4 solar projects under active discussion for 31 MW. Wind farm projects under contract numbered 34, with a generating capability of 1,042 MW, Also, discussions were being conducted with 23 wind farm projects, totaling 597 MW. There were 100 wind projects of 100 kW or less with signed contracts and a potential of 1 MW, as well as 7 other small wind projects under active discussion. There were 71 hydroelectric projects with signed contracts and a potential of 151 MW, as well as 76 projects under active discussion for 505 MW. In addition, there were 18 hydroelectric projects, with a nominal capacity of 193 MW, that PG and E was planning to construct. Table B displays the above information. Appendix A displays in tabular form the status reports of the projects as of June 30, 1984.
Low-Cost High-Concentration Photovoltaic Systems for Utility Power Generation
Under DOE's Technology Pathway Partnership (TPP) program, Amonix, Inc. developed a new generation of high-concentration photovoltaic systems using multijunction technology and established the manufacturing capacity needed to supply multi-megawatt power plants buing using the new Amonix 7700-series solar energy systems. For this effort, Amonix Collaborated with a variety of suppliers and partners to complete project tasks. Subcontractors included: Evonik/Cyro; Hitek; the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL); Raytech; Spectrolab; UL; University of Nevada, Las Vegas; and TUV Rheinland PTL. The Amonix TPP tasks included: Task 1: Multijunction Cell Optimization for Field Operation, Task 2: Fresnel Lens R&D, Task 3: Cell Package Design & Production, Task 4: Standards Compliance and Reliability Testing, Task 5: Receiver Plate Production, Task 6: MegaModule Performance, Task 7: MegaModule Cost Reduction, Task 8: Factory Setup and MegaModule Production, Task 9: Tracker and Tracking Controller, Task 10: Installation and Balance of System (BOS), Task 11: Field Testing, and Task 12: Solar Advisor Modeling and Market Analysis. Amonix's TPP addressed nearly the complete PV value chain from epitaxial layer design and wafer processing through system design, manufacturing, deployment and O&M. Amonix has made progress toward achieving these reduced costs through the development of its 28%+ efficient MegaModule, reduced manufacturing and installation cost through design for manufacturing and assembly, automated manufacturing processes, and reduced O&M costs. Program highlights include: (1) Optimized multijunction cell and cell package design to improve performance by > 10%; (2) Updated lens design provided 7% increased performance and higher concentration; (3) 28.7% DC STC MegaModule efficiency achieved in Phase II exceeded Phase III performance goal; (4) New 16' focal length MegaModule achieved target materials and manufacturing cost reduction; (5) Designed and placed into production 25 MW/yr manufacturing capacity for complete MegaModules, including cell packages, receiver plates, and structures with lenses; (6) Designed and deployed Amonix 7700 series systems rated at 63 kW PTC ac and higher. Based on an LCOE assessment using NREL's Solar Advisor Model, Amonix met DOE's LCOE targets: Amonix 2011 LCOE 12.8 cents/kWh (2010 DOE goal 10-15); 2015 LCOE 6.4 cents/kWh (2015 goal 5-7) Amonix and TPP participants would like to thank the U.S. Department of Energy Solar Energy Technology Program for funding received under this program through Agreement No. DE-FC36-07GO17042.
McConnell, R.; Garboushian, V.; Gordon, R.; Dutra, D.; Kinsey, G.; Geer, S.; Gomez, H.; Cameron, C.
Fast-wave Power Flow Along SOL Field Lines In NSTX nd The Associated Power Deposition Profile Across The SOL In Front Of The Antenna
Fast-wave heating and current drive efficiencies can be reduced by a number of processes in the vicinity of the antenna and in the scrape off layer (SOL). On NSTX from around 25% to more than 60% of the high-harmonic fast-wave power can be lost to the SOL regions, and a large part of this lost power flows along SOL magnetic field lines and is deposited in bright spirals on the divertor floor and ceiling. We show that field-line mapping matches the location of heat deposition on the lower divertor, albeit with a portion of the heat outside of the predictions. The field-line mapping can then be used to partially reconstruct the profile of lost fast-wave power at the midplane in front of the antenna, and the losses peak close to the last closed flux surface (LCFS) as well as the antenna. This profile suggests a radial standing-wave pattern formed by fast-wave propagation in the SOL, and this hypothesis will be tested on NSTX-U. Advanced RF codes must reproduce these results so that such codes can be used to understand this edge loss and to minimize RF heat deposition and erosion in the divertor region on ITER.
Perkins, Roy
On-line monitoring of power curves Andrew Kusiak*, Haiyang Zheng, Zhe Song
. The power coefficient indicates the effi- ciency of a turbine capturing the wind energy, and it is optimized and Industrial Engineering, 3131 Seamans Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 1527, USA a r t i of wind turbines is presented. Turbine performance is captured with a power curve. The power curves
Kusiak, Andrew
A study of toxic emissions from a coal-fired power plant utilizing an ESP while demonstrating the ICCT CT-121 FGD Project. Final report
The US Department of Energy is performing comprehensive assessments of toxic emissions from eight selected coal-fired electric utility units. This program responds to the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, which require the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to evaluate emissions of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) from electric utility power plants for Potential health risks. The resulting data will be furnished to EPA utility power plants and health risk determinations. The assessment of emissions involves the collection and analysis of samples from the major input, process, and output streams of each of the eight power plants for selected hazardous Pollutants identified in Title III of the Clean Air Act. Additional goals are to determine the removal efficiencies of pollution control subsystems for these selected pollutants and the Concentrations associated with the particulate fraction of the flue gas stream as a function of particle size. Material balances are being performed for selected pollutants around the entire power plant and several subsystems to identify the fate of hazardous substances in each utility system. Radian Corporation was selected to perform a toxics assessment at a plant demonstrating an Innovative Clean Coal Technology (ICCT) Project. The site selected is Plant Yates Unit No. 1 of Georgia Power Company, which includes a Chiyoda Thoroughbred-121 demonstration project.
Slow-Rate Utility-Based Resource Allocation in Wireless Networks
a network [6]. Utility-based resource allocation has recently received atten- tion both for wire-line [41 Slow-Rate Utility-Based Resource Allocation in Wireless Networks Peijuan Liu, Randall Berry are specified via a utility function that depends on the received data rate. The allocation of power across
describes operations at SunLine Transit Agency for a protoype fuel cell bus, a prototype hydrogen hybrid interal combustion engine bus, and five new compressed natural gas buses....
SunLine Transit Agency Hydrogen-Powered Transit Buses: Third Evaluation Report (Report and Appendices)
This report describes operations at SunLine Transit Agency for a protoype fuel cell bus, a prototype hydrogen hybrid interal combustion engine bus, and five new compressed natural gas buses.
ANUEADflM-31 Electric Power High-Voltage Transmission Lines:
Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)
formulated fluid that is kept under high pressure. This fluid helps to dissipate the power loss heat generated by the conductors. The construction costs in 1991 dollars for...
446 IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS, VOL. 43, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 2008 A Low-Power SRAM Using Bit-Line
propose a new low-power SRAM using bit-line Charge Recycling (CR-SRAM) for the write operation to invert the state of the internal nodes of the SRAM cell in write operation. A low-power SRAM using446 IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS, VOL. 43, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 2008 A Low-Power SRAM Using Bit
Mahmoodi, Hamid
Supervisory Public Utilities Specialist
The incumbent of this position serves as a Supervisory Public Utilities Specialist in the Long Term Power Planning Group that is part of Power Servicess Generation Asset Management, Power &...
NRC review of Electric Power Research Institute`s advanced light water reactor utility requirements document. Passive plant designs, chapter 1, project number 669
The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) is preparing a compendium of technical requirements, referred to as the {open_quotes}Advanced Light Water Reactor [ALWR] Utility Requirements Document{close_quotes}, that is acceptable to the design of an ALWR power plant. When completed, this document is intended to be a comprehensive statement of utility requirements for the design, construction, and performance of an ALWR power plant for the 1990s and beyond. The Requirements Document consists of three volumes. Volume 1, {open_quotes}ALWR Policy and Summary of Top-Tier Requirements{close_quotes}, is a management-level synopsis of the Requirements Document, including the design objectives and philosophy, the overall physical configuration and features of a future nuclear plant design, and the steps necessary to take the proposed ALWR design criteria beyond the conceptual design state to a completed, functioning power plant. Volume II consists of 13 chapters and contains utility design requirements for an evolutionary nuclear power plant [approximately 1350 megawatts-electric (MWe)]. Volume III contains utility design requirements for nuclear plants for which passive features will be used in their designs (approximately 600 MWe). In April 1992, the staff of the Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, issued Volume 1 and Volume 2 (Parts 1 and 2) of its safety evaluation report (SER) to document the results of its review of Volumes 1 and 2 of the Requirements Document. Volume 1, {open_quotes}NRC Review of Electric Power Research Institute`s Advanced Light Water Reactor Utility Requirements Document - Program Summary{close_quotes}, provided a discussion of the overall purpose and scope of the Requirements Document, the background of the staff`s review, the review approach used by the staff, and a summary of the policy and technical issues raised by the staff during its review.
NRC review of Electric Power Research Institute`s advanced light water reactor utility requirements document. Passive plant designs, chapters 2-13, project number 669
The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) is preparing a compendium of technical requirements, referred to as the {open_quotes}Advanced Light Water Reactor [ALWR] Utility Requirements Document{close_quotes}, that is acceptable to the design of an ALWR power plant. When completed, this document is intended to be a comprehensive statement of utility requirements for the design, construction, and performance of an ALWR power plant for the 1990s and beyond. The Requirements Document consists of three volumes. Volume I, {open_quotes}ALWR Policy and Summary of Top-Tier Requirements{close_quotes}, is a management-level synopsis of the Requirements Document, including the design objectives and philosophy, the overall physical configuration and features of a future nuclear plant design, and the steps necessary to take the proposed ALWR design criteria beyond the conceptual design state to a completed, functioning power plant. Volume II consists of 13 chapters and contains utility design requirements for an evolutionary nuclear power plant [approximately 1350 megawatts-electric (MWe)]. Volume III contains utility design requirements for nuclear plants for which passive features will be used in their designs (approximately 600 MWe). In April 1992, the staff of the Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, issued Volume 1 and Volume 2 (Parts 1 and 2) of its safety evaluation report (SER) to document the results of its review of Volumes 1 and 2 of the Requirements Document. Volume 1, {open_quotes}NRC Review of Electric Power Research Institute`s Advanced Light Water Reactor Utility Requirements Document - Program Summary{close_quotes}, provided a discussion of the overall purpose and scope of the Requirements Document, the background of the staff`s review, the review approach used by the staff, and a summary of the policy and technical issues raised by the staff during its review.
A body area network for wearable health monitoring : conductive fabric garment utilizing DC-power-line carrier communication
Wearable computing applications are becoming increasingly present in our lives. Of the many wearable computing applications, wearable health monitoring may have the most potential to make a lasting positive impact. The ...
Wade, Eric R. (Eric Randolph), 1978-
Demonstration of a Novel Synchrophasor-based Situational Awareness System: Wide Area Power System Visualization, On-line Event Replay and Early Warning of Grid Problems
Since the large North Eastern power system blackout on August 14, 2003, U.S. electric utilities have spent lot of effort on preventing power system cascading outages. Two of the main causes of the August 14, 2003 blackout were inadequate situational awareness and inadequate operator training In addition to the enhancements of the infrastructure of the interconnected power systems, more research and development of advanced power system applications are required for improving the wide-area security monitoring, operation and planning in order to prevent large- scale cascading outages of interconnected power systems. It is critically important for improving the wide-area situation awareness of the operators or operational engineers and regional reliability coordinators of large interconnected systems. With the installation of large number of phasor measurement units (PMU) and the related communication infrastructure, it will be possible to improve the operators� situation awareness and to quickly identify the sequence of events during a large system disturbance for the post-event analysis using the real-time or historical synchrophasor data. The purpose of this project was to develop and demonstrate a novel synchrophasor-based comprehensive situational awareness system for control centers of power transmission systems. The developed system named WASA (Wide Area Situation Awareness) is intended to improve situational awareness at control centers of the power system operators and regional reliability coordinators. It consists of following main software modules: � Wide-area visualizations of real-time frequency, voltage, and phase angle measurements and their contour displays for security monitoring. � Online detection and location of a major event (location, time, size, and type, such as generator or line outage). � Near-real-time event replay (in seconds) after a major event occurs. � Early warning of potential wide-area stability problems. The system has been deployed and demonstrated at the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) and ISO New England system using real-time synchrophasor data from openPDC. Apart from the software product, the outcome of this project consists of a set of technical reports and papers describing the mathematical foundations and computational approaches of different tools and modules, implementation issues and considerations, lessons learned, and the results of lidation processes.
Rosso, A.
www.abb.com\\careers ABB is a leader in power and automation technologies that enables utility and industry customers to improve perfo r-
their production based on energy pricing. Project: Workforce Scheduling in the Utility Industry Your profile: You in research & development is a prerequisite for ABB's business success. Essential contributions grow out for Power. Industrial planning and scheduling problems Optimization of energy efficiency in industrial
Mannheim, Universität
A Guide to Community Shared Solar: Utility, Private, and Nonprofit Project Development (Book), Powered by SunShot, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
This guide is organized around three sponsorship models: utility-sponsored projects, projects sponsored by special purpose entities - businesses formed for the purpose of producing community solar power, and non-profit sponsored projects. The guide addresses issues common to all project models, as well as issues unique to each model.
SUBMITTED TO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, FEBRUARY 2002 1 Human Factors Aspects of Power System
either as numerical fields on one-line diagrams, or by tabular list displays. Additionally, in a utility with human factors aspects of utilizing color contours to visualize electric power system bus voltage the needs of a vertically integrated utility, with restructuring they are increasingly inadequate
Copyright 2013 IEEE. Reprinted, with permission from: Line Limit Preserving Power System Equivalent
Proc. of the Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI), pp. 206-212, Champaign, IL, February 2013, Fellow, IEEE, and Hao Zhu, Member, IEEE University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign Urbana, Illinois 61801
EIS-0005-FS: Bonneville Power Administration Proposed FY 1979 Program, Facility Location on Supplement, Southwest Oregon Area Service, Buckley-Summer Lake 500 kV Line, Supplemental
This Bonneville Power Administration document assesses the environmental impacts of constructing transmission facilities, which will coordinate with the Midpoint-Malin 500-kV line to be constructed by the Pacific Power and Light (PP&L) Company. The proposed action includes the construction of the 1.56-mile Buckley-Summer Lake 500-kV transmission line; the proposed Buckley Substation near Maupin, Oregon; and the proposed Summer Lake Substation near Silver Lake, Oregon.
Comment lines: Rise of the DataPower Blade Skill Level: Introductory
directly of their simplicity and consumability: four Ethernet ports, a DB-9 serial interface, and a power that, in some cases, economies can be up to: · 17X faster performance. · 94% reduction just in energy later demands. In fact, some recent IBM commercials really emphasize these points in a very amusing
Analysis of system wide distortion in an integrated power system utilizing a high voltage DC bus and silicon carbide power devices
This research investigates the distortion on the electrical distribution system for a high voltage DC Integrated Power System (IPS). The analysis was concentrated on the power supplied to a propulsion motor driven by an ...
Fallier, William F. (William Frederick)
Energy Conservation Through Utility Systems Transient Response Analysis
and two 12.5MW gas turbine generators. The three phase, 60 hertz electric power distributed by the 12KV system in the DPMC is produced by both the Houston Lighting and Power Company (HL&P) and the Complex Utilities Department. Power from HL&P enters... the Com plex at 138KV on two transmission lines and is reduced to 12KV by transformers. Ei ther transmission line can supply the Complex with a11 the power that HL&P is contracted to provi de. Also connected to the 12KV system 227 ESL-IE-81...
Sorotzkin, J.
Line-focus solar central power system, Phase I. Final report, 29 September 1978 to 30 April 1980. Volume II. Text
The conceptual design, parametric analysis, cost and performance analysis, and a commercial assessment of a 100-MWe high-temperature line-focus central power system are presented. Parametric analyses and conceptual design of the heliostat subsystem, receiver subsystem, heat transport subsystem, energy storage subsystem, electrical power generating subsystem, and master control subsystem are included. A market analysis and development plan are given. (WHK)
Slemmons, A J
Abstract--The socially optimal power market clearing problem with diverse, complex-utility-structure participants at
capabilities in today's cyber-enabled smart power grid, and the promise of distributed generation, demand generation volatility, have peaked interest in distribution network power markets [1,8]. In [1], we commercial and residential loads. Both feeders have distributed PV generation with power electronics
Caramanis, Michael
cTribalandIOUCustomerServiceAreas.mxd State Boundary Indian Reservations Public Utilities Tribal Utilities Tribal Investor Owned Utilities Idaho Power Company Northwestern...
Characterization of the chemical variation of feed coal and coal combustion products from a power plant utilizing low sulfur Powder River Basin coal
The US Geological Survey and the University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research, in collaboration with an Indiana utility, are studying a coal-fired power plant burning Powder River Basin coal. This investigation involves a systematic study of the chemical and mineralogical characteristics of feed coal and coal combustion products (CCPs) from a 1,300-megawatt (MW) power unit. The main goal of this study is to characterize the temporal chemical variability of the feed coal, fly ash, and bottom ash by looking at the major-, minor-, and trace-element compositions and their associations with the feed coal mineralogy. Emphasis is also placed on the abundance and modes of occurrence of elements of potential environmental concern that may affect the utilization of these CCPs and coals.
Affolter, R.H.; Brownfield, M.E.; Cathcart, J.D.; Brownfield, I.K.
A power line impedance spectrum analyzer using real-time digital signal processing
. The subscript on each source corresponds to the harmonic generated by that source and all sources were set to an amplitude of O. lmA. The output files obtained from a transient analysis were then transferred to Matlab, and impedance spectrums were generated... Harmonic Number Figure 12 Simulated lmH Load Next the power network was simulated both with and without the attachment of the non-linear load. The voltage across the linear load was measured and plotted in the frequency domain using Matlab. Figure 13...
Margolis, Michael G
Financial Analysis of Incentive Mechanisms to Promote Energy Efficiency: Case Study of a Prototypical Southwest Utility
contribution to a utility�s bottom line, we found that theportfolios on the utility�s bottom line earnings and returnan empirical one. For a utility, the bottom-line question is
Cappers, Peter
Grid Impacts of Wind Power Variability: Recent Assessments from a Variety of Utilities in the United States (Presentation)
Presentation for the European Wind Energy Conference held February 27--March 2, 2006, in Athens, Greece, showing grid impacts of wind power variability.
Parsons, B.
For the Grid and Through the Grid: The Role of Power Line Communications in the Smart Grid
Is Power Line Communication (PLC) a good candidate for Smart Grid applications? The objective of this paper is to address this important question. To do so we provide an overview of what PLC can deliver today by surveying its history and describing the most recent technological advances in the area. We then address Smart Grid applications as instances of sensor networking and network control problems and discuss the main conclusion one can draw from the literature on these subjects. The application scenario of PLC within the Smart Grid is then analyzed in detail. Since a necessary ingredient of network planning is modeling, we also discuss two aspects of engineering modeling that relate to our question. The first aspect is modeling the PLC channel through fading models. The second aspect we review is the Smart Grid control and traffic modeling problem which allows us to achieve a better understanding of the communications requirements. Finally, this paper reports recent studies on the electrical and topologic...
Galli, Stefano; Wang, Zhifang
Human Factors Aspects of Power System Flow Animation
into utility control centers. For example, [1] and [2] describe the on-line usage of animated flows, voltageHuman Factors Aspects of Power System Flow Animation Douglas A. Wiegmann, Gavin R. Essenberg flow information, including transmission line MW flow and power transfer distribution factor (PTDF
Numerical Optimization Methodology for the Design of Power Equipment
health effects from overhead power line conductors [6,7]. Even though no conclusive evidence has been of utility companies have been involved in a redesign of their overhead transmission lines to avoid potentialNumerical Optimization Methodology for the Design of Power Equipment Gaurav Tewari* My M. Hua
Mamishev, Alexander
Three-phase power conversion system for utility-interconnected PV applications. Phase 1 technical progress report, 1 October 1995--17 April 1997
This report describes work performed by Omnion Power Corporation under Phase 1 of a two-phase subcontract. During this phase, Omnion researchers: designed an advanced product specification to guide prototype design and development; analyzed field failure data with Omnion`s hard-switched insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor technology hardware to better understand where design improvements were needed; presented and reviewed product specifications with key customers/users; drafted a working product specification to serve as a baseline in developing the new power conversion system; developed the core-resonant converter technology in conjunction with Soft Switching Technologies Corp.; designed a 100-kW prototype power conversion system; designed a prototype system package; initiated interaction with vendors to optimize component selection and specifications; initiated the preparation of design documentation; built the prototype core-resonant converter and initiated preliminary testing; and initiated the assembly of a 1-kW prototype power conversion system. This work has demonstrated the potential of the soft-switching resonant DC link (RDCL) inverter and its application to a three-phase utility-interconnected PV power conversion system. The RDCL inverter has demonstrated its advantage over hard-switching pulse-width modulated inverters in terms of efficiency and audible noise. With proper package design and manufacturing process design and implementation, the RDCL power conversion system has the potential to be low-cost and reliable with superior performance.
Porter, D.G.; Meyer, H.; Leang, W. [Omnion Power Engineering Corp., East Troy, WI (United States)
Final Summary Report: Em-Powering Coastal States and Utilities through Model Offshore Wind Legislation and Outreach
The final summary report summarizes the most significant findings from three project reports detailing: feed-in tariffs, model request for proposals for new generation, and model state offshore wind power legislation.
Jeremy Firestone; Dawn Kurtz Crompton
Combined Heat and Power: Connecting the Gap Between Markets and Utility Interconnection and Tariff Practices (Part 1)
, integrated system (Elliott and Spurr 1999). CHP is not a technology, but an approach to applying technologies. CHP is more energy efficient than separate generation of electricity and thermal energy. Heat that is normally wasted in conventional power... installations are considered DER�only large central generation CHP that focuses on wholesale power generation is not included. Because this report focuses on smaller CHP, we can consider the barriers for these installations to be largely the same...
Brooks, S.; Elswick, B.; Elliott, R. N.
Utilization of municipal wastewater for cooling in thermoelectric power plants: Evaluation of the combined cost of makeup water treatment and increased condenser fouling
A methodology is presented to calculate the total combined cost (TCC) of water sourcing, water treatment and condenser fouling in the recirculating cooling systems of thermoelectric power plants. The methodology is employed to evaluate the economic viability of using treated municipal wastewater (MWW) to replace the use of freshwater as makeup water to power plant cooling systems. Cost analyses are presented for a reference power plant and five different tertiary treatment scenarios to reduce the scaling tendencies of MWW. Results indicate that a 550 MW sub-critical coal fired power plant with a makeup water requirement of 29.3 ML/day has a TCC of $3.0 - 3.2 million/yr associated with the use of treated MWW for cooling. (All costs USD 2009). This translates to a freshwater conservation cost of $0.29/kL, which is considerably lower than that of dry air cooling technology, $1.5/kL, as well as the 2020 conservation cost target set by the U.S. Department of Energy, $0.74/kL. Results also show that if the available price of freshwater exceeds that of secondarytreated MWW by more than $0.13-0.14/kL, it can be economically advantageous to purchase secondary MWW and treat it for utilization in the recirculating cooling system of a thermoelectric power plant.
Walker, Michael E.; Theregowda, Ranjani B.; Safari, Iman; Abbasian, Javad; Arastoopour, Hamid; Dzombak, David A.; Hsieh, Ming-Kai; Miller, David C.
Reliability and optimization studies of nuclear and solar powered systems utilizing a Stirling engine for the space station
. A separate radiator cooling loop operating at temperatures around 200oC accomplishes this. Application of a FPSE to space power requires that each of the engine modules must be dynamically self-balanced. The dual opposed engine using a common.... The SP-100 reactor system is a fast neutron spectrum, liquid metal cooled core with a thermoelectric power conversion unit. The reference flight system design is for 100 kWe output while the components are scalable from 10 to 1000 kWe. Because the SP...
Schmitz, Paul Charles
Gas Utilities (New York)
This chapter regulates natural gas utilities in the State of New York, and describes standards and procedures for gas meters and accessories, gas quality, line and main extensions, transmission and...
Transmission line capital costs
The displacement or deferral of conventional AC transmission line installation is a key benefit associated with several technologies being developed with the support of the U.S. Department of Energy`s Office of Energy Management (OEM). Previous benefits assessments conducted within OEM have been based on significantly different assumptions for the average cost per mile of AC transmission line. In response to this uncertainty, an investigation of transmission line capital cost data was initiated. The objective of this study was to develop a database for preparing preliminary estimates of transmission line costs. An extensive search of potential data sources identified databases maintained by the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) and the Western Area Power Administration (WAPA) as superior sources of transmission line cost data. The BPA and WAPA data were adjusted to a common basis and combined together. The composite database covers voltage levels from 13.8 to 765 W, with cost estimates for a given voltage level varying depending on conductor size, tower material type, tower frame type, and number of circuits. Reported transmission line costs vary significantly, even for a given voltage level. This can usually be explained by variation in the design factors noted above and variation in environmental and land (right-of-way) costs, which are extremely site-specific. Cost estimates prepared from the composite database were compared to cost data collected by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) for investor-owned utilities from across the United States. The comparison was hampered because the only design specifications included with the FERC data were voltage level and line length. Working within this limitation, the FERC data were not found to differ significantly from the composite database. Therefore, the composite database was judged to be a reasonable proxy for estimating national average costs.
Hughes, K.R.; Brown, D.R.
EIS-0032: 500 kV International Transmission Line NSP-TR-1, Forbes, Minnesota to Manitoba, Canada, Northern States Power Company
The Economic Regulatory Administration developed this EIS to evaluate the environmental impacts of a 500-kilovolt transmission line proposed by the Northern States Power Company to provide a transmission facility for the exchange of electrical energy between Canada and the United States.
EIS-0442: Reauthorization of Permits, Maintenance, and Vegetation Management on Western Area Power Administration Transmission Lines on Forest Service Lands, Colorado, Nebraska, and Utah
This EIS is being prepared jointly by DOE�s Western Area Power Administration and the U.S. Forest Service. The EIS evaluates the potential environmental impacts of Western�s proposed changes to vegetation management along its transmission line rights-of-way on National Forest System lands in Colorado, Utah, and Nebraska.
Grid Impacts of Wind Power Variability: Recent Assessments from a Variety of Utilities in the United States; Preprint
Because of wind power's unique characteristics, many concerns are based on the increased variability that wind contributes to the grid, and most U.S. studies have focused on this aspect of wind generation. Grid operators are also concerned about the ability to predict wind generation over several time scales. In this report, we quantify the physical impacts and costs of wind generation on grid operations and the associated costs.
Parsons, B.; Milligan, M.; Smith, J. C.; DeMeo, E.; Oakleaf, B.; Wolf, K.; Schuerger, M.; Zavadil, R.; Ahlstrom, M.; Nakafuji, D. Y.
Transmission Line Security Monitor: Final Report
The Electric Power Transmission Line Security Monitor System Operational Test is a project funded by the Technical Support Working Group (TSWG). TSWG operates under the Combating Terrorism Technical Support Office that functions under the Department of Defense. The Transmission Line Security Monitor System is based on technology developed by Idaho National Laboratory. The technology provides a means for real-time monitoring of physical threats and/or damage to electrical transmission line towers and conductors as well as providing operational parameters to transmission line operators to optimize transmission line operation. The end use is for monitoring long stretches of transmission lines that deliver electrical power from remote generating stations to cities and industry. These transmission lines are generally located in remote transmission line corridors where security infrastructure may not exist. Security and operational sensors in the sensor platform on the conductors take power from the transmission line and relay security and operational information to operations personnel hundreds of miles away without relying on existing infrastructure. Initiated on May 25, 2007, this project resulted in pre-production units tested in realistic operational environments during 2010. A technology licensee, Lindsey Manufacturing of Azusa California, is assisting in design, testing, and ultimately production. The platform was originally designed for a security monitoring mission, but it has been enhanced to include important operational features desired by electrical utilities.
John Svoboda
Combined Heat and Power: Connecting the Gap Between Markets and Utility Interconnection and Tariff Practices (Part II)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious Rank EERE:YearRound-Up fromDepartmentTieCelebrate Earth Codes andDepartment of EnergyPowerStates in
Combined Heat and Power: Connecting the Gap between Markets and Utility Interconnection and Tariff Practices (Part I)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious Rank EERE:YearRound-Up fromDepartmentTieCelebrate Earth Codes andDepartment of EnergyPowerStates
Innovative Utility Pricing for Industry
INNOVATIVE UTILITY PRICING FOR INDUSTRY James A. Ross Drazen-Brubaker &Associates, Inc. St. Louis, Missouri ABSTRACT The electric utility industry represents only one source of power available to industry. Al though the monopolistic... structure of the electric utility industry may convey a perception that an electric utility is unaffected by competition, this is an erroneous perception with regard to in dustry. Electric utilities face increased compe tition, both from other utilities...
Ross, J. A.
Helping Utilities Make Smart Solar Decisions Utility Barriers
Helping Utilities Make Smart Solar Decisions Utility Barriers Key issues facing deployment of utility-scale solar PV plants. Sandra Burton Regional Director March 8 9, 2011 Brookhaven National Lab #12;About SEPA Developed by utilities to facilitate the integration of solar electric power. SEPA
Homes, Christopher C.
Rhodium self-powered neutron detector as a suitable on-line thermal neutron flux monitor in BNCT treatments
Purpose: A rhodium self-powered neutron detector (Rh SPND) has been specifically developed by the Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica (CNEA) of Argentina to measure locally and in real time thermal neutron fluxes in patients treated with boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). In this work, the thermal and epithermal neutron response of the Rh SPND was evaluated by studying the detector response to two different reactor spectra. In addition, during clinical trials of the BNCT Project of the CNEA, on-line neutron flux measurements using the specially designed detector were assessed. Methods: The first calibration of the detector was done with the well-thermalized neutron spectrum of the CNEA RA-3 reactor thermal column. For this purpose, the reactor spectrum was approximated by a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution in the thermal energy range. The second calibration was done at different positions along the central axis of a water-filled cylindrical phantom, placed in the mixed thermal-epithermal neutron beam of CNEA RA-6 reactor. In this latter case, the RA-6 neutron spectrum had been well characterized by both calculation and measurement, and it presented some marked differences with the ideal spectrum considered for SPND calibrations at RA-3. In addition, the RA-6 neutron spectrum varied with depth in the water phantom and thus the percentage of the epithermal contribution to the total neutron flux changed at each measurement location. Local (one point-position) and global (several points-positions) and thermal and mixed-field thermal neutron sensitivities were determined from these measurements. Thermal neutron flux was also measured during BNCT clinical trials within the irradiation fields incident on the patients. In order to achieve this, the detector was placed on patient's skin at dosimetric reference points for each one of the fields. System stability was adequate for this kind of measurement. Results: Local mixed-field thermal neutron sensitivities and global thermal and mixed-field thermal neutron sensitivities derived from measurements performed at the RA-6 were compared and no significant differences were found. Global RA-6-based thermal neutron sensitivity showed agreement with pure thermal neutron sensitivity measurements performed in the RA-3 spectrum. Additionally, the detector response proved nearly unchanged by differences in neutron spectra from real (RA-6 BNCT beam) and ideal (considered for calibration calculations at RA-3) neutron source descriptions. The results confirm that the special design of the Rh SPND can be considered as having a pure thermal response for neutron spectra with epithermal-to-thermal flux ratios up to 12%. In addition, the linear response of the detector to thermal flux allows the use of a mixed-field thermal neutron sensitivity of 1.95 {+-} 0.05 x 10{sup -21} A n{sup -1}{center_dot}cm{sup 2}{center_dot}s. This sensitivity can be used in spectra with up to 21% epithermal-to-thermal flux ratio without significant error due to epithermal neutron and gamma induced effects. The values of the measured fluxes in clinical applications had discrepancies with calculated results that were in the range of -25% to +30%, which shows the importance of a local on-line independent measurement as part of a treatment planning quality control system. Conclusions: The usefulness of the CNEA Rh SPND for the on-line local measurement of thermal neutron flux on BNCT patients has been demonstrated based on an appropriate neutron spectra calibration and clinical applications.
Miller, Marcelo E.; Sztejnberg, Manuel L.; Gonzalez, Sara J.; Thorp, Silvia I.; Longhino, Juan M.; Estryk, Guillermo [Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, Av. del Libertador 8250, Ciudad de Buenos Aires 1429 (Argentina); Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, Av. del Libertador 8250, Ciudad de Buenos Aires 1429, Argentina and CONICET, Av. Rivadavia 1917, Ciudad de Buenos Aires 1033 (Argentina); Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, Av. del Libertador 8250, Ciudad de Buenos Aires 1429 (Argentina)
Public Utilities (Florida)
Chapter 366 of the Florida Statutes governs the operation of public utilities, and includes a section pertaining to cogeneration and small power production (366.051). This section establishes the...
By-Products Utilization
-Milwaukee, P.O. Box 784, Milwaukee, WI 53201 d Project Manager, Illinois Clean Coal Institute * Director UWM products containing clean coal ash compared to conventional coal ash. Utilization of clean coal ash is much products that utilize clean coal ash. With increasing federal regulations on power plant emissions, finding
Wisconsin-Milwaukee, University of
Line-focus solar central power system, Phase I. Final report, 29 September 1978 to 30 April 1980. Volume III. Appendices
The conceptual design, parametric analysis, cost and performance analysis, and commercial assessment of a 100-MWe line-focus solar central receiver power plant are reported. This volume contains the appendices: (a) methods of determination of molten salt heat-transfer coefficients and tube-wall temperatures, (b) inputs for STEAEC programs, (c) description of system analysis computer program, (d) receiver analysis program, and (e) heliostat production plan and design methodology. (WHK)
Advanced Power Electronic Interfaces for Distributed Energy Systems, Part 2: Modeling, Development, and Experimental Evaluation of Advanced Control Functions for Single-Phase Utility-Connected Inverter
Integrating renewable energy and distributed generations into the Smart Grid architecture requires power electronic (PE) for energy conversion. The key to reaching successful Smart Grid implementation is to develop interoperable, intelligent, and advanced PE technology that improves and accelerates the use of distributed energy resource systems. This report describes the simulation, design, and testing of a single-phase DC-to-AC inverter developed to operate in both islanded and utility-connected mode. It provides results on both the simulations and the experiments conducted, demonstrating the ability of the inverter to provide advanced control functions such as power flow and VAR/voltage regulation. This report also analyzes two different techniques used for digital signal processor (DSP) code generation. Initially, the DSP code was written in C programming language using Texas Instrument's Code Composer Studio. In a later stage of the research, the Simulink DSP toolbox was used to self-generate code for the DSP. The successful tests using Simulink self-generated DSP codes show promise for fast prototyping of PE controls.
Chakraborty, S.; Kroposki, B.; Kramer, W.
Deregulating the electric utility industry
Many functions must be performed in any large electric power system. A specific proposal for a deregulated power system, based on a real-time spot energy marketplace, is presented and analyzed. A central T&D utility acts ...
Bohn, Roger E.
Design and Validation of a Mobile Robot for PowerDesign and Validation of a Mobile Robot for PowerDesign and Validation of a Mobile Robot for PowerDesign and Validation of a Mobile Robot for Power Line Inspection and MaintenanceLine Inspection and Mainten
Québec, Canada, J3X 1S1, email@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com Summary, Chamonix : France (2007)" #12;2 Serge Montambault1 and Nicolas Pouliot2 2222 System Requirements and MaintenanceLine Inspection and MaintenanceLine Inspection and MaintenanceLine Inspection and Maintenance Serge
Methane Gas Utilization Project from Landfill at Ellery (NY)
Landfill Gas to Electric Energy Generation and Transmission at Chautauqua County Landfill, Town of Ellery, New York. The goal of this project was to create a practical method with which the energy, of the landfill gas produced by the decomposing waste at the Chautauqua County Landfill, could be utilized. This goal was accomplished with the construction of a landfill gas to electric energy plant (originally 6.4MW and now 9.6MW) and the construction of an inter-connection power-line, from the power-plant to the nearest (5.5 miles) power-grid point.
Pantelis K. Panteli
California and Washington: Utilities Receive Honors for Innovative Wind Deployment
Public Power Wind Award winners' efforts lower energy costs and enable utilities to use wind power more reliably.
Treatment of power utilities exhaust
Provided is a process for treating nitrogen oxide-containing exhaust produced by a stationary combustion source by the catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxide in the presence of a reductant comprising hydrogen, followed by ammonia selective catalytic reduction to further reduce the nitrogen oxide level in the exhaust.
Koermer, Gerald (Basking Ridge, NJ)
Design of a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system for on-line quality analysis of pulverized coal in power plants
It is vitally important for a power plant to determine the chemical composition of coal prior to combustion in order to obtain optimal boiler control. In this work, a fully software-controlled laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) system comprising a LIBS apparatus and sampling equipment has been designed for possible application to power plants for on-line quality analysis of pulverized coal. Special attention was given to the LIBS system, the data processing methods (especially the normalization with Bode Rule/DC Level) and the specific settings (the software-controlled triggering source, high-pressure gas cleaning device, sample preparation module, sampling module, etc.), which gave the best direct measurement for C, H, Si, Na, Mg, Fe, Al, and Ti with measurement errors less than 10% for pulverized coal. Therefore, the apparatus is accurate enough to be applied to industries for on-line monitoring of pulverized coal. The method of proximate analysis was also introduced and the experimental error of A(ad) (Ash, 'ad' is an abbreviation for 'air dried') was shown in the range of 2.29 to 13.47%. The programmable logic controller (PLC) controlled on-line coal sampling equipment, which is designed based upon aerodynamics, and is capable of performing multipoint sampling and sample-preparation operation.
Yin, W.B.; Zhang, L.; Dong, L.; Ma, W.G.; Jia, S.T. [Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan (China)
Market Line Beta for Standard and Poor's Utility Index SanUtility Figure 2 Theoretical vs Actual Security Market Line / /ect for a utility. A logical conclusion from this line of
Kahn, E.
Development of a hybrid intelligent system for on-line real-time monitoring of nuclear power plant operations
A nuclear power plant (NPP) has an intricate operational domain involving systems, structures and components (SSCs) that vary in scale and complexity. Many of the large scale SSCs contribute to the lost availability in the ...
Yildiz, Bilge, 1976-
Measurement of Hydrogen Balmer Line Broadening and Thermal Power Balances of Noble Gas-Hydrogen Discharge Plasmas
talyst atoms or ions which ionize at integer multiples of the potential energy of atomic hydrogen (St, He + , or Ar + ) caused an increase in power; whereas, no excess power was observed in the case of krypton which does not provide a reaction with a net enthalpy of a multiple of the potential energy of atomic hydrogen under these conditions. For a power input to the glow discharge of 110 W, the excess output power of mixtures of strontium with argon- hydrogen (95/5%), strontium with hydrogen, strontium with helium-hydrogen (95/5%), and argon-hydrogen (95/5%) was 75, 58, 50, and 28 W, respectively, based a comparison of the temperature rise of the cell with krypton-hydrogen mixture (95/5%) and krypton alone. The input power was varied to find conditions that resulted in the optimal output for the strontium- hydrogen plasma. At 136 W input, the excess power significantly increased to 184 W. These studies provide a useful comparison of catalysts for the optimization of the catal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, VOL. 0, NO. 0, MONTH YEAR 1 On-line Dynamic Security Assessment with Missing
with Missing PMU Measurements: A Data Mining Approach Miao He, Student Member, IEEE, Vijay Vittal, Fellow, IEEE of possibly missing PMU data. Specifically, multiple small DTs are first trained off-line using a random are identified in case of missing PMU data, and a boosting algorithm is employed to quantify the voting weights
Reisslein, Martin
Power marketing and renewable energy
Power marketing refers to wholesale and retail transactions of electric power made by companies other than public power entities and the regulated utilities that own the generation and distribution lines. The growth in power marketing has been a major development in the electric power industry during the last few years, and power marketers are expected to realize even more market opportunities as electric industry deregulation proceeds from wholesale competition to retail competition. This Topical Issues Brief examines the nature of the power marketing business and its relationship with renewable power. The information presented is based on interviews conducted with nine power marketing companies, which accounted for almost 54% of total power sales by power marketers in 1995. These interviews provided information on various viewpoints of power marketers, their experience with renewables, and their respective outlooks for including renewables in their resource portfolios. Some basic differences exist between wholesale and retail competition that should be recognized when discussing power marketing and renewable power. At the wholesale level, the majority of power marketers stress the commodity nature of electricity. The primary criteria for developing resource portfolios are the same as those of their wholesale customers: the cost and reliability of power supplies. At the retail level, electricity may be viewed as a product that includes value-added characteristics or services determined by customer preferences.
Fang, J.M.
Clean Power at Home
this report is to describe and analyze net metering as a mechanism to support the deployment of small-scale, distributed electricity technologies in British Columbia based on renewable energy sources. These are referred to as "distributed renewables" throughout the report. The deployment of distributed renewables offers several environmental, economic, and social benefits that are described in this paper. Net metering enables individual utility customers to connect on-site generation to the utility grid, feeding excess power back to the grid when it is not needed, and utilizing grid power when consumption exceeds local renewable energy supply. In most programs, a single meter measures the customer's net consumption of grid power in a billing period, and they are charged for that consumption under regular retail rates. If production exceeds consumption, the customer's bill is essentially zero. In some instances, utilities may refund customers for excess production in a billing period based on wholesale market prices or avoided production costs. Net metering programs can make self-generation more attractive for customers by eliminating the need to size systems to meet customers' exact power needs or install on-site storage and power conditioning devices. Utilities may, depending upon the type of systems installed, benefit from improvements in local area load factors, and receive credit for various social or environmental benefits of such resources (e.g., greenhouse gas reductions). However, utilities have raised concerns about worker safety (e.g., the possibility that net metering sites may continue to feed electricity into the local distribution grid when the rest of the network is down, putting line workers at risk) and possible financial cross-subsidies from other rate...
May Author Andrew; Andrew E. Pape
PEV-based P-Q Control in Line Distribution Networks with High Requirement for Reactive Power Compensation
impact of distribution level wind turbines. Our design is based on a nonlinear power flow analysis of wind turbines to support their induction load to avoid generator voltage excursion. Note that, although-sized wind turbines in large wind farms [1], the smaller wind turbines that are used at the distribution
Huang, Jianwei
Abstract--The safe operation of electrical power systems is an ongoing problem. Despite the existing defense lines in the
consumer, Smart grids, Soft load shedding, Voltage stability. I. INTRODUCTION N electrical power systems of integrated networks (concept of smart grids), then we can imagine that in case of an incident leading to tripping of most consumers. In the defense plans against these major incidents, selective load
Paris-Sud XI, Universit� de
Dual formulation of the utility maximization problem : the case of nonsmooth utility
, finitely valued on the whole real line, we study the dual formulation of the utility maximization problemDual formulation of the utility maximization problem : the case of nonsmooth utility B. Bouchard the dual formulation of the utility maximization problem in incomplete markets when the utility function
Touzi, Nizar
Heavy duty insulator assemblies for 500-kV bulk power transmission line with large diameter octagonalbundled conductor
This paper describes the design procedure and the results of field tests on mechanical performances of insulator assemblies newly developed to support octagonal-bundled conductors for 500-kV bulk power transmission. Taking account of conductor-motion-induced peak tensile load, fatigue, torsional torque and others, a successful design has been achieved in two prototype assemblies for such heavy mechanical duties as encountered during conductor galloping or swing. This has been proved throughout three years of the field tests.
Tsujimoto, K.; Hayase, I.; Hirai, J.; Inove, M.; Naito, K.; Yukino, T.
Alabama Power- UESC Activities
Presentation�given at the Fall 2012 Federal Utility Partnership Working Group (FUPWG) meeting�discusses Alabama Power and its utility energy service contract (UESC) projects and activities.
Line Extension Alternatives
The Public Service Board (PSB) of Vermont developed rules regarding utility line extension requests. While the majority of the rules focus on the procedure followed (and associated fees) for the...
Operations, Maintenance, and Replacement 10-year plan, 1990-1999 : 1989 Utility OM&R Comparison : A Comparison of BPA (Bonneville Power Administration) and Selected Utility Transmission, Operations and Maintenance Costs.
For the past several years, competing resource demands within BPA have forced the Agency to stretch Operations, Maintenance and Replacement (OM R) resources. There is a large accumulation of tasks that were not accomplished when scheduled. Maintenance and replacements and outages, due to material and equipment failure, appear to be increasing. BPA has made a strategic choice to increase its emphasis on OM R programs by implementing a multi-year, levelized OM R plan which is keyed to high system reliability. This strategy will require a long-term commitment of a moderate increase in staff and dollars allocated to these programs. In an attempt to assess the direction BPA has taken in its OM R programs, a utility comparison team was assembled in early January 1989. The team included representatives from BPA's Management Analysis, Internal Audit and Financial Management organizations, and operation and maintenance program areas. BPA selected four utilities from a field of more than 250 electric utilities in the US and Canada. The selection criteria generally pertained to size, with key factors including transformation capacity, load, gross revenue, and interstate transmission and/or marketing agreements, and their OM R programs. Information was gathered during meetings with managers and technical experts representing the four utilities. Subsequent exchanges of information also took place to verify findings. The comparison focused on: Transmission operations and maintenance program direction and emphasis; Organization, management and implementation techniques; Reliability; and Program costs. 2 figs., 21 tabs.
Voltage Impacts of Utility-Scale Distributed Wind
Although most utility-scale wind turbines in the United States are added at the transmission level in large wind power plants, distributed wind power offers an alternative that could increase the overall wind power penetration without the need for additional transmission. This report examines the distribution feeder-level voltage issues that can arise when adding utility-scale wind turbines to the distribution system. Four of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory taxonomy feeders were examined in detail to study the voltage issues associated with adding wind turbines at different distances from the sub-station. General rules relating feeder resistance up to the point of turbine interconnection to the expected maximum voltage change levels were developed. Additional analysis examined line and transformer overvoltage conditions.
Allen, A.
-Products Utilization University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee ABSTRACT This project consisted of performance testing at a typical electric power plant. One of the goals of this project was to determine the feasibility of using. The carbonation reaction of the CLSM would also have the potential to reduce carbon dioxide emissions at a coal-fired
Center for By-Products Utilization USE OF CLEAN-COAL ASH FOR MANAGING ASR By Zichao Wu and Tarun R College of Engineering and Applied Science THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSINMILWAUKEE #12;USE OF CLEAN-COAL ASH combustion by-products (such as clean-coal ash) from power plants. Maximum recycling of such by- products
Environmental Assessment for Central Power and Light Company`s proposed Military Highway-CFE tie 138/69-kV transmission line project Brownsville, Cameron County, Texas
Central Power and Light Company (CPL) intends to upgrade its existing transmission line ties with the Commision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) system in Mexico. CPL currently has a single 69-kilovolt (kV) transmission line in the Brownsville area which connects CPL`s system with the system of CFE. This existing line runs between the Brownsville Switching Station, located on Laredo Road in Brownsville, Cameron County, Texas, and an existing CFE 69-kV line at the Rusteberg Bend of the Rio Grande in Cameron County. Under current conditions of need, the existing 69-kV line does not possess sufficient capability to engage in appropriate power exchanges. Therefore, CPL is proposing to build a new line to link up with CFE. This proposed line would be a double-circuit line, which would (1) continue (on a slightly relocated route) the existing 69-kV tie from CPL`s Brownsville Switching Station to CFE`s facilities, and (2) add a 138-kV tie from the Military Highway Substation, located on Military Highway (US Highway 281), to CFE`s facilities. The proposed 138/69-kV line, which will be constructed and operated by CPL, will be built primarily on steel single-pole structures within an average 60-foot (ft) wide right-of-way (ROW). It will be approximately 6900--9200 ft (1.3--1.7 miles) in length, depending on the alternative route constructed.
Linear Utility Corridors--A Simulated Visual Field Trip1
and shapes that are precisely defined by line." He goes on to define "utility" as: "The condition or quality or energy from one point to another in a straight or series of generally straight lines." Linear utility as components of linear utility corridors can surely include telephone lines and various aqueducts and canals
Standiford, Richard B.
Idaho Power- Net Metering
Underground Utilities Flag Markers
-800-242-8511 RED - electric power lines, cables, conduit and light- ing cables YELLOW - gas, oil, steam, petroleum - proposed excavation Location Tolerance Zone 20in. 18in.18in. Large Pipe or Multiple Ducts* ground Location hazards No exposure to hazardous environments - toxic gas, too little or too much oxygen, flammable gas
Wu, Mingshen
Commentary on A Conceptual Design of Transport Lines for a Heavy-Ion Inertial-Fusion Power Plant
Some major system features are not stated but can be inferred. For example this is probably an engineering test facility, not a power plant driver, because the standoff from target to final magnet is only 5.0 m. The fusion target takes two-sided illumination with indirect drive using a total of 60 beam pulses: 10 pre-pulses (3.0 GeV) + 20 main pulses (4.0 GeV) from each side. On page 12 it's stated that the charge per beam pulse is 26.8 {micro}C, so we calculate pre-pulse: 20 x 3 GeV x 26.8 {micro}C = 1.608MJ, main pulse: 40 x 4 GeV x 26.8 {micro}C = 4.288MJ, total beam energy 5.896MJ. The beam ion mass ks 200 amu, so the species is Hg{sup +}. Therefore the mid-pulse velocities are: pre-pulse v = .1773c = 5.316 x 10{sup 7} m/s, main pulse v = .2040c = 6.114 x 10{sup 7} m/s, On page 12 it is stated that the pre-compression pulse length is L{sub 0} = 10.0m, and compression is by a 'factor of order 20'. They infer a final pulse length of about .5 m and final durations pre-pulse {tau} {approx} .5/5.316 x 10{sup 7} = 9.4 ns; main pulse {tau} {approx} .5/6.114 x 10{sup 7} = 8.2 ms. The magnetic rigidity of the beam ions is [B{rho}] = {gamma}m v/e = {l_brace} 112.0 T-m - prepulse/129.5 T-m - mainpulse{r_brace}.
Lee, E.P.
Characterization of air toxics from a laboratory coal-fired combustor and utility scale power plants. Quarterly progress report No. 14, January--March, 1995
This report summarized progress on Task 3, Power Plant Studies, and Task 4, Technical Management and Reporting. Task 3 this quarter involved sampling of flue gas from Units 6 and 7 of the host power plant. The operating parameters during the sampling period are given. Laboratory analyses are in progress. Under Task 4, internal and external QA/QC audits were conducted. A data base management system was prepared. An appendix contains a data compilation of plant operating data.
Beam line design for synchrotron spectroscopy in the VUV
The character of the radiation source provided by an electron storage ring is briefly reviewed from the point of view of utilization for VUV spectroscopy. The design of beam line components is then considered with special reference to the problems of contamination of optical surfaces and vacuum protection. The issues involved in designing mirrors for use with storage rings are considered with emphasis on the questions of power dissipation, image quality and materials selection.
Howells, M R
A Versatile and Powerful Simulator for Design, Advanced Control and Expert Systems
and powerful steady state simulator which has been satisfactorily applied to both on-line and off-line applications for plant utility and other process systems. Designated as MASSBAL MK II, the simulator has a unique architecture, menu/and or graphic... optimization Process synthesis Start-up,shut-down,on-line changes Training Debugging, trouble-shooting and monitoring Control Plantwide control, scheduling and Economic management [1] MASSBAL MK II was developed over a two-year period by SACDA...
Schindler, H. E.; Leaver, E. W.; Shewchuk, C. F.
Method of optimizing performance of Rankine cycle power plants
A method for efficiently operating a Rankine cycle power plant (10) to maximize fuel utilization efficiency or energy conversion efficiency or minimize costs by selecting a turbine (22) fluid inlet state which is substantially in the area adjacent and including the transposed critical temperature line (46).
Pope, William L. (Walnut Creek, CA); Pines, Howard S. (El Cerrito, CA); Doyle, Padraic A. (Oakland, CA); Silvester, Lenard F. (Richmond, CA)
EA-1880: Big Bend to Witten Transmission Line Project, South...
880: Big Bend to Witten Transmission Line Project, South Dakota EA-1880: Big Bend to Witten Transmission Line Project, South Dakota Summary The USDA Rural Utilities Service, with...
Utility Formation
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear SecurityTensile Strain Switched Ferromagnetism inS-4500II Field EmissionFunctional MaterialsRobertUtility-Formation
Authorization of Line Extension (Nebraska)
Any entity permitted to establish an electric light and power plant, and/or transmission or distribution lines within a city, village, or public electric light and power district, may also extend...
Hualapai Tribal Utility Development Project
The first phase of the Hualapai Tribal Utility Development Project (Project) studied the feasibility of establishing a tribally operated utility to provide electric service to tribal customers at Grand Canyon West (see objective 1 below). The project was successful in completing the analysis of the energy production from the solar power systems at Grand Canyon West and developing a financial model, based on rates to be charged to Grand Canyon West customers connected to the solar systems, that would provide sufficient revenue for a Tribal Utility Authority to operate and maintain those systems. The objective to establish a central power grid over which the TUA would have authority and responsibility had to be modified because the construction schedule of GCW facilities, specifically the new air terminal, did not match up with the construction schedule for the solar power system. Therefore, two distributed systems were constructed instead of one central system with a high voltage distribution network. The Hualapai Tribal Council has not taken the action necessary to establish the Tribal Utility Authority that could be responsible for the electric service at GCW. The creation of a Tribal Utility Authority (TUA) was the subject of the second objective of the project. The second phase of the project examined the feasibility and strategy for establishing a tribal utility to serve the remainder of the Hualapai Reservation and the feasibility of including wind energy from a tribal wind generator in the energy resource portfolio of the tribal utility (see objective 2 below). It is currently unknown when the Tribal Council will consider the implementation of the results of the study. Objective 1 - Develop the basic organizational structure and operational strategy for a tribally controlled utility to operate at the Tribe�s tourism enterprise district, Grand Canyon West. Coordinate the development of the Tribal Utility structure with the development of the Grand Canyon West Power Project construction of the power infrastructure at Grand Canyon West. Develop the maintenance and operations capacity necessary to support utility operations. Develop rates for customers on the Grand Canyon West �mini-grid� sufficient for the tribal utility to be self-sustaining. Establish an implementation strategy for tribal utility service at Grand Canyon West Objective 2 - Develop a strategy for tribal utility takeover of electric service on the Reservation. Perform a cost analysis of Reservation electrical service. Develop an implementation strategy for tribal takeover of Reservation electrical service. Examine options and costs associated with integration of the Tribe�s wind resources.
Hualapai Tribal Nation
New Construction of Distribution Lines, Service Lines, and Appurtenant Facilities in Certain Visually Significant Resources Outside Residential Subdivisions (New York)
Any proposed construction of distribution lines, service lines, and appurtenant facilities to electric utilities located near scenic areas of statewide significance, including Adirondack park...
Estimating electricity storage power rating and discharge duration for utility transmission and distribution deferral :a study for the DOE energy storage program.
This report describes a methodology for estimating the power and energy capacities for electricity energy storage systems that can be used to defer costly upgrades to fully overloaded, or nearly overloaded, transmission and distribution (T&D) nodes. This ''sizing'' methodology may be used to estimate the amount of storage needed so that T&D upgrades may be deferred for one year. The same methodology can also be used to estimate the characteristics of storage needed for subsequent years of deferral.
Eyer, James M. (Distributed Utility Associates, Livermore, CA); Butler, Paul Charles; Iannucci, Joseph J., Jr. (,.Distributed Utility Associates, Livermore, CA)
A research needs assessment for the capture, utilization and disposal of carbon dioxide from fossil fuel-fired power plants. Volume 1, Executive summary: Final report
This study identifies and assesses system approaches in order to prioritize research needs for the capture and non-atmospheric sequestering of a significant portion of the carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) emitted from fossil fuel-fired electric power plants (US power plants presently produce about 7% of the world`s CO{sub 2} emissions). The study considers capture technologies applicable either to existing plants or to those that optimistically might be demonstrated on a commercial scale over the next twenty years. Specific conclusions are as follows: (1) To implement CO{sub 2} capture and sequestration on a national scale will decrease power plant net efficiencies and significantly increase the cost of electricity. To make responsible societal decisions, accurate and consistent economic and environmental analysis of all alternatives for atmospheric CO{sub 2} mitigation are required. (2) Commercial CO{sub 2} capture technology, though expensive and energy intensive, exists today. (3) The most promising approach to more economical CO{sub 2} capture is to develop power plant systems that facilitate efficient CO{sub 2} capture. (4) While CO{sub 2} disposal in depleted oil and gas reservoirs is feasible today, the ability to dispose of large quantities Of CO{sub 2} is highly uncertain because of both technical and institutional issues. Disposal into the deep ocean or confined aquifers offers the potential for large quantity disposal, but there are technical, safety, liability, and environmental issues to resolve. Therefore, the highest priority research should focus on establishing the feasibility of large scale disposal options.
A research needs assessment for the capture, utilization and disposal of carbon dioxide from fossil fuel-fired power plants. Volume 2, Topical reports: Final report
This study, identifies and assesses system approaches in order to prioritize research needs for the capture and non-atmospheric sequestering of a significant portion of the carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) emitted from fossil fuel-fired electric power plants (US power plants presently produce about 7% of the world`s CO{sub 2} emissions). The study considers capture technologies applicable either to existing plants or to those that optimistically might be demonstrated on a commercial scale over the next twenty years. The research needs that have high priority in establishing the technical, environmental, and economic feasibility of large-scale capture and disposal of CO{sub 2} from electric power plants are:(1) survey and assess the capacity, cost, and location of potential depleted gas and oil wells that are suitable CO{sub 2} repositories (with the cooperation of the oil and gas industry); (2) conduct research on the feasibility of ocean disposal, with objectives of determining the cost, residence time, and environmental effects for different methods of CO{sub 2} injection; (3) perform an in-depth survey of knowledge concerning the feasibility of using deep, confined aquifers for disposal and, if feasible, identify potential disposal locations (with the cooperation of the oil and gas industry); (4) evaluate, on a common basis, system and design alternatives for integration of CO{sub 2} capture systems with emerging and advanced technologies for power generation; and prepare a conceptual design, an analysis of barrier issues, and a preliminary cost estimate for pipeline networks necessary to transport a significant portion of the CO{sub 2} to potentially feasible disposal locations.
Trends in Utility Green Pricing Programs (2005)
This report presents year-end 2005 data on utility green pricing programs, and examines trends in consumer response and program implementation over time. The data in this report, which were obtained via a questionnaire distributed to utility green pricing program managers, can be used by utilities to benchmark the success of their green power programs.
Bird, L.; Brown, E.
Note: Characteristic beam parameter for the line electron gun
We have optimized the beam parameters of line source electron gun using Stanford Linear Accelerator Centre electron beam trajectory program (EGUN), utilizing electrostatic focusing only. We measured minimum beam diameter as 0.5 mm that corresponds to power density of 68.9 kW/cm{sup 2} at 13.5 mm in the post-anode region which is more than two-fold (33 kW/cm{sup 2}), of the previously reported results. The gun was operated for the validation of the theoretical results and found in good agreement. The gun is now without any magnetic and electrostatic focusing thus much simpler and more powerful.
Iqbal, M. [Centre for High Energy Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore 45590 (Pakistan) [Centre for High Energy Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore 45590 (Pakistan); Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 (China); Islam, G. U. [Centre for High Energy Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore 45590 (Pakistan)] [Centre for High Energy Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore 45590 (Pakistan); Zhou, Z.; Chi, Y. [Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 (China)] [Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 (China)
Industry/Utility Partnerships: Formula for Success
INDUSTRY/UTILITY PARTNERSHIPS: FORMULA FOR SUCCESS William R. Smith, PE, Business Development, Houston Lighting & Power Company, Houston, TX 77046 H. D. Spriggs, PhD, President, Matrix 2000, Leesburg, VA 22075 ABSTRACT Industry/utility... a critical role in their competitiveness. Utilities can playa central role in industrial competitiveness, not only by providing competitively priced and reliable power, but also by helping their customers to identify and implement the most...
Smith, W. R.; Spriggs, H. D.
A study of toxic emissions from a coal-fired power plant utilizing an ESP/Wet FGD system. Volume 1, Sampling, results, and special topics: Final report
This was one of a group of assessments of toxic emissions from coal-fired power plants, conducted for DOE-PETC in 1993 as mandated by the 1990 Clean Air Act. It is organized into 2 volumes; Volume 1 describes the sampling effort, presents the concentration data on toxic chemicals in several power plant streams, and reports the results of evaluations and calculations. The study involved solid, liquid, and gaseous samples from input, output, and process streams at Coal Creek Station Unit No. 1, Underwood, North Dakota (1100 MW mine-mouth plant burning lignite from the Falkirk mine located adjacent to the plant). This plant had an electrostatic precipitator and a wet scrubber flue gas desulfurization unit. Measurements were conducted on June 21--24, 26, and 27, 1993; chemicals measured were 6 major and 16 trace elements (including Hg, Cr, Cd, Pb, Se, As, Be, Ni), acids and corresponding anions (HCl, HF, chloride, fluoride, phosphate, sulfate), ammonia and cyanide, elemental C, radionuclides, VOCs, semivolatiles (incl. PAH, polychlorinated dioxins, furans), and aldehydes. Volume 2: Appendices includes process data log sheets, field sampling data sheets, uncertainty calculations, and quality assurance results.
Photovoltaics: New opportunities for utilities
This publication presents information on photovoltaics. The following topics are discussed: Residential Photovoltaics: The New England Experience Builds Confidence in PV; Austin's 300-kW Photovoltaic Power Station: Evaluating the Breakeven Costs; Residential Photovoltaics: The Lessons Learned; Photovoltaics for Electric Utility Use; Least-Cost Planning: The Environmental Link; Photovoltaics in the Distribution System; Photovoltaic Systems for the Rural Consumer; The Issues of Utility-Intertied Photovoltaics; and Photovoltaics for Large-Scale Use: Costs Ready to Drop Again.
Monitoring peak power and cooling energy savings of shade trees and white surfaces in the Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) service area: Project design and preliminary results
Urban areas in warm climates create summer heat islands of daily average intensity of 3--5{degrees}C, adding to discomfort and increasing air-conditioning loads. Two important factors contributing to urban heat islands are reductions in albedo (lower overall city reflectance) and loss of vegetation (less evapotranspiration). Reducing summer heat islands by planting vegetation (shade trees) and increasing surface albedos, saves cooling energy, allows down-sizing of air conditioners, lowers air-conditioning peak demand, and reduces the emission of CO{sub 2} and other pollutants from electric power plants. The focus of this multi-year project, jointly sponsored by SMUD and the California Institute for Energy Efficiency (CIEE), was to measure the direct cooling effects of trees and white surfaces (mainly roofs) in a few buildings in Sacramento. The first-year project was to design the experiment and obtain base case data. We also obtained limited post retrofit data for some sites. This report provides an overview of the project activities during the first year at six sites. The measurement period for some of the sites was limited to September and October, which are transitional cooling months in Sacramento and hence the interpretation of results only apply to this period. In one house, recoating the dark roof with a high-albedo coating rendered air conditioning unnecessary for the month of September (possible savings of up to 10 kWh per day and 2 kW of non-coincidental peak power). Savings of 50% relative to an identical base case bungalow were achieved when a school bungalow`s roof and southeast wall were coated with a high-albedo coating during the same period. Our measured data for the vegetation sites do not indicate conclusive results because shade trees were small and the cooling period was almost over. We need to collect more data over a longer cooling season in order to demonstrate savings conclusively.
Akbari, H.; Bretz, S.; Hanford, J.; Rosenfeld, A.; Sailor, D.; Taha, H. [Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States); Bos, W. [Sacramento Municipal Utility District, CA (United States)
Effects of pulsed-power loads upon an electric power grid
Certain proposed particle-accelerator and laser experiments, and other devices related to fusion research, require multi-megawatt, repetitive power pulses, often at low (subsynchronous) frequency. While some power-delivery technologies call for a certain degree of buffering of the utility demand using capacitive, inductive, or inertial energy storage, considerations have also been made for serving such loads directly from the line. In either case, such pulsed loads represent non-traditional applications from the utility's perspective which, in certain cases, can have significant design and operational implications. This paper outlines an approach to the analysis of the effects of such loads upon the electric power grid using existing analysis techniques. The impacts studied include busvoltage flicker, transient and dynamic stability, and torsional excitation. The impact of a particular pulsed load is examined and illustrated for the power network serving the Los Alamos National Laboratory. 19 refs., 13 figs.
Smolleck, H.A.; Ranade, S.J.; Prasad, N.R. (New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM (USA). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering); Velasco, R.O. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (USA))
Federal Utility Partnership Working Group Utility Partners
Federal Utility Partnership Working Group (FUPWG) utility partners are eager to work closely with Federal agencies to help achieve energy management goals.
features Utility Generator
#12;#12;#12;#12;features function utility Training Pool Utility Generator Per-frame function content utility classes utility classes utility Tree Decision Generator Module Utility Clustering Adaptive Content Classification Loop features content VO selection & Utility Selector content features Real
Chang, Shih-Fu
Rocky Mountain Power- Net Metering
Idaho does not have a statewide net-metering policy. However, each of the state's three investor-owned utilities -- Avista Utilities, Idaho Power and Rocky Mountain Power -- has a net-metering...
Running Process Plant Utilities Like a Business
utility managers facing the same problem of trying to run their units along business lines can adopt those characteristics of the described model that meet their needs, learn from the experience of Pemex Petroquimica in applying these systems to real...
Pavone, A.
Electric Transmission Line Flashover Prediction System
Center since 1996 PSERC #12;Power Systems Engineering Research Center Electric Transmission LineElectric Transmission Line Flashover Prediction System Ph.D. Thesis and Final Project Report firstname.lastname@example.com Power Systems Engineering Research Center This is a project report from the Power Systems Engineering
Industrial-Utility Cooperation: Moving Into Strategic Alliance
the utility would do anything and that IS exactly what is happening. Instead, ask questions that indicate your utility is working consistent with the customer's time lines, financial constraints, etc. Always add a blank space for su~gestions...
Gilbert, J. S.
NOAA Technical Report NMFS Circular 450 The Utility of Developmental
#12;450 NOAA Technical Report NMFS Circular 450 The Utility of Developmental Osteology in Taxonomic Report NMFS Circular 450 The Utility of Developmental Osteology in Taxonomic and Systematic Studies .................................................................. .... 13 Scales and lateral line pores
Methods for and products of processing nanostructure nitride, carbonitride and oxycarbonitride electrode power materials by utilizing sol gel technology for supercapacitor applications
Metal nitride, carbonitride, and oxycarbonitride powder with high surface area (up to 150 m.sup.2 /g) is prepared by using sol-gel process. The metal organic precursor, alkoxides or amides, is synthesized firstly. The metal organic precursor is modified by using unhydrolyzable organic ligands or templates. A wet gel is formed then by hydrolysis and condensation process. The solvent in the wet gel is then be removed supercritically to form porous amorphous hydroxide. This porous hydroxide materials is sintered to 725.degree. C. under the ammonia flow and porous nitride powder is formed. The other way to obtain high surface area nitride, carbonitride, and oxycarbonitride powder is to pyrolyze polymerized templated metal amides aerogel in an inert atmosphere. The electrochemical capacitors are prepared by using sol-gel prepared nitride, carbonitride, and oxycarbonitride powder. Two methods are used to assemble the capacitors. Electrode is formed either by pressing the mixture of nitride powder and binder to a foil, or by depositing electrode coating onto metal current collector. The binder or coating is converted into a continuous network of electrode material after thermal treatment to provide enhanced energy and power density. Liquid electrolyte is soaked into porous electrode. The electrochemical capacitor assembly further has a porous separator layer between two electrodes/electrolyte and forming a unit cell.
Huang, Yuhong (West Hills, CA); Wei, Oiang (West Hills, CA); Chu, Chung-tse (Chatsworth, CA); Zheng, Haixing (Oak Park, CA)
Utilization Analysis Page 1 UTILIZATION ANALYSIS
Utilization Analysis Page 1 UTILIZATION ANALYSIS Section 46a-68-40 and HIRING/PROMOTION GOALS utilized in the Health Center's workforce, the numbers of protected classes in the workforce must conducted for each occupational category and position classification. The Utilization Analysis was performed
Oliver, Douglas L.
utility functions scaling profiles utility-fair
bandwidth utility functions scaling profiles utility-fair I. INTRODUCTION The emerging MPEG-4 video. This can result in a significant increase in the utilization of network capacity [1]. These techniques. Bandwidth utility functions [9] can be used to characterize an application's capability to adapt over
Cogeneration - A Utility Perspective
are discussed from a utility perspective as how they influence utility participation in future projects. The avoided cost methodology is examined, and these payments for sale of energy to the utility are compared with utility industrial rates. In addition...
Williams, M.
Utility Monitor September 2010
Utility Monitor September 2010 Why monitor utility syntax? Enforce and Maintain Company-Wide DB2 Utility Standards. Jennifer Nelson Product Specialist, Rocket Software © 2010 IBM Corporation © 2010............................................................................................................... iv 1 Why Monitor DB2 Utility Syntax
Optimizing the Day to Day Operation of Utility Systems
applications of this utility system software were set up for planning purposes, largely off-line. More recently, these applications have become more sophisticated and can operate on-line in real time. They include complex optimization routines to ensure...
Eastwood, A.; Bealing, C.
Tribal Utility Feasibility Study
The Schatz Energy Research Center (SERC) assisted the Yurok Tribe in investigating the feasibility of creating a permanent energy services program for the Tribe. The original purpose of the DOE grant that funded this project was to determine the feasibility of creating a full-blown Yurok Tribal electric utility to buy and sell electric power and own and maintain all electric power infrastructure on the Reservation. The original project consultant found this opportunity to be infeasible for the Tribe. When SERC took over as project consultant, we took a different approach. We explored opportunities for the Tribe to develop its own renewable energy resources for use on the Reservation and/or off-Reservation sales as a means of generating revenue for the Tribe. We also looked at ways the Tribe can provide energy services to its members and how to fund such efforts. We identified opportunities for the development of renewable energy resources and energy services on the Yurok Reservation that fall into five basic categories: � Demand-side management � This refers to efforts to reduce energy use through energy efficiency and conservation measures. � Off-grid, facility and household scale renewable energy systems � These systems can provide electricity to individual homes and Tribal facilities in areas of the Reservation that do not currently have access to the electric utility grid. � Village scale, micro-grid renewable energy systems - These are larger scale systems that can provide electricity to interconnected groups of homes and Tribal facilities in areas of the Reservation that do not have access to the conventional electric grid. This will require the development of miniature electric grids to serve these interconnected facilities. � Medium to large scale renewable energy development for sale to the grid � In areas where viable renewable energy resources exist and there is access to the conventional electric utility grid, these resources can be developed and sold to the wholesale electricity market. � Facility scale, net metered renewable energy systems � These are renewable energy systems that provide power to individual households or facilities that are connected to conventional electric utility grid.
Engel, R. A.; Zoellick, J. J.
Energy Science and Technology Software Center (OSTI)
002602IBMPC00 Normalized Elution Time Prediction Utility� http://omics.pnl.gov/software/NETPredictionUtility.php�
January/February 1997 21 Utility Green
for clean, renewable energy sources. BY BLAIR G. SWEZEY The electric power industry is undergoing unprec technologies into the marketplace, including a new set of power technologies that harnessed renew- able energy coal or nuclear plants. Some utilities chose to avoid these large-scale investments with power pur
This report presents year-end 2005 data on utility green pricing programs, and examines trends in consumer response and program implementation over time. The data in this report, which were obtained via a questionnaire distributed to utility green pricing program managers, can be used by utilities to benchmark the success of their green power programs. It is important to note that this report covers only a portion of voluntary markets for renewable energy. It does not cover green power sold by independent marketers except for cases in which the marketers work in conjunction with utilities or default electricity suppliers.
Municipal Electric Power (Minnesota)
This section describes energy procurement for local utilities operating in Minnesota and provides a means for Minnesota cities to construct and operate hydroelectric power plants. The statute gives...
Research and development of a 3 MW power plant from the design, development, and demonstration of a 100 KW power system utilizing the direct contact heat exchanger concept for geothermal brine recovery project. Final report
The design phase for the 100 KW unit consumed the months of May through November 1978, with the final design selected as having a direct contact boiler and condenser, a single-stage radial inflow induction turbine-generator using isopentane as the working fluid, and a single cell ejector-type cooling tower. The unit was constructed on two, forty-foot flatbed trailers between the months of October 1978 and June 1979. Systems start-up testing, in-field modifications, unit operation, and performance testing were performed between July and December 1979. AP and L (Arkansas Power and Light) personnel assumed responsibility of the unit at that time and conducted further maintenance, operations, and testing through August 1980.
Huebner, A.W.; Wall, D.A.; Herlacher, T.L.
Power Factor Improvement
Power factor control is a necessary ingredient in any successful Energy Management Program. Many companies are operating with power factors of 70% or less and are being penalized through the electrical utility bill. This paper starts by describing...
Viljoen, T. A.
Body powered thermoelectric systems
Great interest exists for and progress has be made in the effective utilization of the human body as a possible power supply in hopes of powering such applications as sensors and continuously monitoring medical devices ...
Settaluri, Krishna Tej
Method of optimizing performance of Rankine cycle power plants. [US DOE Patent
A method is described for efficiently operating a Rankine cycle power plant to maximize fuel utilization efficiency or energy conversion efficiency or minimize costs by selecting a turbine fluid inlet state which is substantially on the area adjacent and including the transposed critical temperature line.
Pope, W.L.; Pines, H.S.; Doyle, P.A.; Silvester, L.F.
Utility Theory Social Intelligence
Utility Theory Social Intelligence Daniel Polani Utility Theory p.1/15 Utilities: Motivation Consider: game scenario For Instance: 2-or-more players Necessary: development of concept for utilities decisions sequential decisions (time) games Utility The Prototypical Scenario Consider: agent that can take
Polani, Daniel
Lake Worth Utilities- Energy Conservation Rebate Program
The City of Lake Worth Utilities, in conjunction with Florida Municipal Power Agency, offers a variety of rebates to residential and commercial customers for upgrading to energy saving equipment....
A Utility-Affiliated Cogeneration Developer Perspective
This paper will address cogeneration from a utility-affiliated cogeneration developer perspective on cogeneration as it relates to the development and consumption of power available from a cogeneration project. It will also go beyond...
Ferrar, T. A.
Distributed Power Flow Control: Distributed Power Flow Control using Smart Wires for Energy Routing
GENI Project: Smart Wire Grid is developing a solution for controlling power flow within the electric grid to better manage unused and overall transmission capacity. The 300,000 miles of high-voltage transmission line in the U.S. today are congested and inefficient, with only around 50% of all transmission capacity utilized at any given time. Increased consumer demand should be met in part with more efficient and an economical power flow. Smart Wire Grid�s devices clamp onto existing transmission lines and control the flow of power within�much like how internet routers help allocate bandwidth throughout the web. Smart wires could support greater use of renewable energy by providing more consistent control over how that energy is routed within the grid on a real-time basis. This would lessen the concerns surrounding the grid�s inability to effectively store intermittent energy from renewables for later use.
A study of toxic emissions from a coal-fired power plant utilizing the SNOX innovative clean coal technology demonstration. Volume 1, Sampling/results/special topics: Final report
This study was one of a group of assessments of toxic emissions from coal-fired power plants, conducted for DOE during 1993. The motivation for those assessments was the mandate in the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments that a study be made of emissions of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) from electric utilities. The report is organized in two volumes. Volume 1: Sampling describes the sampling effort conducted as the basis for this study; Results presents the concentration data on HAPs in the several power plant streams, and reports the results of evaluations and calculations conducted with those data; and Special Topics report on issues such as comparison of sampling methods and vapor/solid distributions of HAPs. Volume 2: Appendices include quality assurance/quality control results, uncertainty analysis for emission factors, and data sheets. This study involved measurements of a variety of substances in solid, liquid, and gaseous samples from input, output, and process streams at the Innovative Clean Coal Technology Demonstration (ICCT) of the Wet Sulfuric Acid-Selective Catalytic Reduction (SNOX) process. The SNOX demonstration is being conducted at Ohio Edison`s Niles Boiler No. 2 which uses cyclone burners to burn bituminous coal. A 35 megawatt slipstream of flue gas from the boiler is used to demonstrate SNOX. The substances measured at the SNOX process were the following: 1. Five major and 16 trace elements, including mercury, chromium, cadmium, lead, selenium, arsenic, beryllium, and nickel; 2. Acids and corresponding anions (HCl, HF, chloride, fluoride, phosphate, sulfate); 3. Ammonia and cyanide; 4. Elemental carbon; 5. Radionuclides; 6. Volatile organic compounds (VOC); 7. Semi-volatile compounds (SVOC) including polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH); and 8. Aldehydes.
Sandia National Laboratories: Power Towers for Utilities
Generator Modeling Radar Friendly Blades Special Programs Techno-Economic Modeling, Analysis, and Support Analysis, Modeling, Cost of Energy, and Policy Impact: Wind Vision 2014...
2013 Non-Utility Power Producers- Customers
Annual Energy Outlook 2013 [U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)]
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) " ,"ClickPipelines AboutDecemberSteam Coal Import CostsLiquids Reserve3. LightingImports35 2013 Flow5
2013 Non-Utility Power Producers- Revenue
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) " ,"ClickPipelines AboutDecemberSteam Coal Import CostsLiquids Reserve3. LightingImports35 2013 Flow5Revenue
2013 Non-Utility Power Producers- Sales
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) " ,"ClickPipelines AboutDecemberSteam Coal Import CostsLiquids Reserve3. LightingImports35 2013
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1 -theErik SpoerkeSolar Regional Test Center inInsights
E-Print Network 3.0 - applying electrical utility Sample Search...
Sales of Green Energy through Utility Green Pricing Programs (Regulated Electricity Markets Only... Table D-2. UtilityMarketer Green Power Programs in Restructured...
E-Print Network 3.0 - attack wastewater utilities Sample Search...
wastewater utilities Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: attack wastewater utilities Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Treated domestic...
EIS-0067: 230-kV International Transmission Line San Diego County, California to Tijuana, Mexico, San Diego Gas and Electric Company
The Economic Regulatory Administration and the California Public Utilities Commission jointly prepared this EIS to evaluate the environmental impacts of the construction, maintenance and operation of a 10-mile, 230-kilovolt transmission line across the U.S./Mexico border for the purpose of economic exchange of power and increased reliability.
Cryo Utilities Room Cooling System
Many of the mechanical equipment failures at the Laboratory are due to the loss of cooling water. In order to insure the proper operating temperatures and to increase the reliability of the mechanical equipment in the D0 Cryo Utilities Room it is necessary to provide an independent liquid cooling system. To this end, an enclosed glycoVwater cooling system which transfers heat from two vane-type vacuum pumps and an air compressor to the outside air has been installed in the Cryo Utilities Room. From the appended list it can be seen that only the Thermal Precision PFC-121-D and Ingersoll-Rand WAC 16 deserve closer investigation based on price. The disadvantages of the WAC 16 are that: it runs a little warmer, it requires more valving to properly install a backup pump, inlet and outlet piping are not included, and temperature and pressure indicators are not included. Its only advantage is that it is $818 cheaper than the PFC-121-D. The advantages of the PFC-121-D are that: it has automatic pump switching during shutdown, it has a temperature regulator on one fan control, it has a switch which indicates proper operation, has a sight glass on the expansion tank, and comes with an ASME approved expansion tank and relief valve. For these reasons the Thermal Precision PFC-121-D was chosen. In the past, we have always found the pond water to be muddy and to sometimes contain rocks of greater than 1/2 inch diameter. Thus a system completely dependent on the pond water from the accelerator was deemed unacceptable. A closed system was selected based on its ability to greatly improve reliability, while remaining economical. It is charged with a 50/50 glycol/water mixture capable of withstanding outside temperatures down to -33 F. The fluid will be circulated by a totally enclosed air cooled Thermal Precision PFC-121-D pump. The system will be on emergency power and an automatically controlled backup pump, identical to the primary, is available should the main pump fail. The fan unit is used as a primary cooler and the trim cooler cools the fluid further on extremely hot days. The trim cooler has also been sized to cool the system in the event of a total shutdown provided that the pond water supply has adequate pressure. Due to a broken filter, we found it necessary to install a strainer in the pond water supply line. The expansion tank separates air bubbles, ensures a net positive suction head, protects against surges and over pressurization of the system, and allows for the filling of the system without shutting it off. All piping has been installed, flushed, charged with the glycol/water mix, and hydrostatically tested to 55 psi. The condition of all pumps and flow conditions will be recorded at the PLC. It has been decided not to include the regulator valve in the pond water return line. This valve was designated by the manufacturer to reduce the amount of water flowing through the trim cooler. This is not necessary in our application. There is some concern that the cooling fluid may cool the mechanical eqUipment too much when they are not operating or during very cold days. This issue will be addressed and the conclusion appended to this engineering note.
Ball, G.S.; /Fermilab
Utility Solar Generation Valuation Methods
Tucson Electric Power (TEP) developed, tested and verified the results of a new and appropriate method for accurately evaluating the capacity credit of time variant solar generating sources and reviewed new methods to appropriately and fairly evaluate the value of solar generation to electric utilities. The project also reviewed general integrated approaches for adequately compensating owners of solar generation for their benefits to utilities. However, given the limited funding support and time duration of this project combined with the significant differences between utilities regarding rate structures, solar resource availability and coincidence of solar generation with peak load periods, it is well beyond the scope of this project to develop specific rate, rebate, and interconnection approaches to capture utility benefits for all possible utilities. The project developed computer software based evaluation method models to compare solar generation production data measured in very short term time increments called Sample Intervals over a typical utility Dispatch Cycle during an Evaluation Period against utility system load data. Ten second resolution generation production data from the SGSSS and actual one minute resolution TEP system load data for 2006 and 2007, along with data from the Pennington Street Garage 60 kW DC capacity solar unit installed in downtown Tucson will be applied to the model for testing and verification of the evaluation method. Data was provided by other utilities, but critical time periods of data were missing making results derived from that data inaccurate. The algorithms are based on previous analysis and review of specific 2005 and 2006 SGSSS production data. The model was built, tested and verified by in house TEP personnel. For this phase of the project, TEP communicated with, shared solar production data with and collaborated on the development of solar generation valuation tools with other utilities, including Arizona Public Service, Salt River Project, Xcel and Nevada Power Company as well as the Arizona electric cooperatives. In the second phase of the project, three years of 10 second power output data of the SGSSS was used to evaluate the effectiveness of frequency domain analysis, normal statistical distribution analysis and finally maximum/minimum differential output analysis to test the applicability of these mathematic methods in accurately modeling the output variations produced by clouds passing over the SGSSS array.
Hansen, Thomas N.; Dion, Phillip J.
Design Considerations for a PEM Fuel Cell Powered Truck APU
of most line-haul class 8 trucks. Ballard Nexa Fuel Cell Thefuel cell powered auxiliary power units (APUs) to reduce idling in line-haul trucks.
Grupp, David J; Forrest, Matthew E.; Mader, Pippin G.; Brodrick, Christie-Joy; Miller, Marshall; Dwyer, Harry A.
Steam-turbine generatorson-line monitoring and availability
Dislocations following the 1973 energy crisis plus the current financial plight of utilities have forced the American power industry to consider availability a primary variable in the design and operation of a power plant. For meeting expected customer demands, raising the availability of existing plants may temporarily offset the need for a new plant. Also, the financial reward for raising availability produces immediate results (e.g., a 1 percent improvement in availability of a 500 MW plant is worth $1 million a year). Average availability of U.S. power plants is currently around 65 percent. The industry believes that 80 percent is achievable. Improvement of operating availability is based on generic problem identification and solution, reducing the frequency of periodic inspections, and minimizing the time to perform required maintenance. Increased stocking of spare parts is a valuable tool for increasing availability. Also, some turbine manufacturers are designing their low-pressure turbines to allow rotor interchangeability. The purchase price of a completely bladed low-pressure rotor by a utility is recovered by reducing maintenance downtime expense and raising unit availability. Interchangeable high-pressure rotors can provide similar availability improvement benefits. Another concept to improve availability includes the use of on-line monitoring and diagnostics. Rapid advances in electronics and microcomputers over the past decade have led to techniques for on-line analyses that were not considered possible a few years ago.
Bannister, R.L.; Bellows, J.C.; Osborne, R.L.
Robust Optimization of Recommendation Sets with the Maximin Utility Criterion
possible user preferences, and make recommendations based on expected utility. Another line of work [1Robust Optimization of Recommendation Sets with the Maximin Utility Criterion Paolo Viappiani1 Mellon University, USA firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract. We investigate robust decision-making under utility
Sandholm, Tuomas W.
Page 1 of 7 August 2008 California Public Utilities Commission
Page 1 of 7 August 2008 California Public Utilities Commission The Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity Application Process for Utility Construction Transmission Projects A Step-By-Step Guide OVERVIEW: The California Public Utilities Commission's (CPUC) review of transmission line
The top 100 electric utilities
This has been an extremely interesting market during the past year or so due to the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT) and the US FERC actions since then to make it more competitive. A major move was a 1994 proposal to open up access to the nation`s privately owned transmission grid to make it easier for buyers and sellers of wholesale electricity to do business. Overall, the wholesale market in the US generates about $50 billion in annual revenues. That compares with a retail market about four times that size. The term retail refers to electricity sales to ultimate consumers, while wholesale refers to bulk power transactions among utilities or purchases by utilities from NUGs. The data in this report can be considered a baseline look at the major utility players in the wholesale market. Results of wholesale deregulation have not really been felt yet, so this may be the last look at the regulated market.
Warkentin, D.
Russian prospects for plutonium utilization
The main figures and options are given in this paper on plutonium build-up under various conditions of the Russian nuclear fuel cycle final stage. The real possibility of useful utilization of plutonium being recovered at the NPP fuel radiochemical reprocessing or becoming available as a result of disarmament, is connected with its involvement into the BN-800 and VVER-1000 fuel cycles. A reviews of the main installations for production of MOX-fuel for scientific studies and pilot testing on plutonium utilization in fast reactors has been made. The trends for investigations and developments being designed and aimed at plutonium optimum utilization in nuclear power engineering of the Russian Federation are presented.
Kudriavtsev, E.G.; Mikerin, E.I. [Ministry for Atomic Energy of Russian Federation, Moscow (Russian Federation)
Deregulation and environmental differentiation in the electric utility industry
Press. Portland General Electric Company. 2004. Renewablegreen power is Portland General Electric. The utility workswind energy use (Portland General Electric, 2004). From the
Delmas, M; Russo, M V; Montes-Sancho, M J
CHP: Connecting the Gap between Markets and Utility Interconnection...
Markets and Utility Interconnection and Tariff Practices, 2006 The adoption of combined heat and power (CHP) systems by American industries has made substantial strides in the...
Calif. Utilities play catchup with Ever-Rising RPS targets
The current status of attempts by California's three major utilities to meet mandated targets for producing power from renewable energy sources are sketched.
Public Utility Regulatory Act, Alternative Energy Providers (Texas)
Chapter 35 of the Public Utility Regulatory Act specifically addresses alternative energy providers, and contains provisions designed to aid such providers in selling power in Texas's competitive...
antimicrobial utilization program: Topics by E-print Network
of energy conservation measures (ECMs... Lau, K.; Henderson, G.; Hebert, D. 3 Demand Response Programs Oregon Public Utility Commission Power Transmission, Distribution...
Electric utility system master plan
This publication contains the electric utility system plan and guidelines for providing adequate electric power to the various facilities of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in support of the mission of the Laboratory. The topics of the publication include general information on the current systems and their operation, a planning analysis for current and future growth in energy demand, proposed improvements and expansions required to meet long range site development and the site`s five-year plan.
Erickson, O.M.
A Case Study of Danville Utilities: Utilizing Industrial Assessment...
A Case Study of Danville Utilities: Utilizing Industrial Assessment Centers to Provide Energy Efficiency Resources for Key Accounts A Case Study of Danville Utilities: Utilizing...
Public Utilities Specialist
(See Frequently Asked Questions for more information). Where would I be working? Western Area Power Administration, Sierra Nevada Region, Power Marketing, Settlements and Power Billing (N6600), 114...
Booster main magnet power supply, present operation and potential future upgrades
The Brookhaven Booster Main Magnet Power Supply (MMPS) is a 24 pulse thyristor control supply, rated at 5500 Amps, +/-2000 Volts, or 3000 Amps, +/-6000 Volts. The power supply is fed directly from the power utility and the peak magnet power is 18 MWatts. This peak power is seen directly at the incoming ac line. This power supply has been in operation for the last 18 years. This paper will describe the present topology and operation of the power supply, the feedback control system and the different modes of operation of the power supply. Since the power supply has been in operation for the last 18 years, upgrading this power supply is essential. A new power supply topology has been studied where energy is stored in capacitor banks. DC to DC converters are used to convert the dc voltage stored in the capacitor banks to pulsed DC voltage into the magnet load. This enables the average incoming power from the ac line to be constant while the peak magnet power is pulsed to +/- 18 MWatts. Simulations and waveforms of this power supply will be presented.
Bajon, E.; Bannon, M.; Marneris, I.; Danowski, G.; Sandberg, J.; Savatteri, S.
Power distribution engineering: Fundamentals and applications
Covering virtually all areas of distribution engineering, this thoroughly up-to-date reference examines the unique behavior of utilities and provides the practical knowledge necessary to solve real-world distribution problems. Simplifying seemingly difficult concepts and calculations, Power Distribution Engineering addresses topics typically associated with power quality such as sags, swells, harmonics, electromagnetic fields, and stray voltage; describes different types of system designs and grounding as well as values for voltage, line lengths, and load and fault levels; details the loading, construction, and rating of various transformers; presents methods to maximize the effectiveness of capacitor placement; explains overcurrent and overvoltage protection of distribution systems; evaluates utilities using economic techniques that incorporate ideas such as present worth, carrying charge, cost of losses, operating costs, and customer satisfaction. Furnishing over 425 helpful equations, tables, drawings, and photographs, Power Distribution Engineering is an invaluable resource for electrical and electronics, utility distribution, power systems, control, protection, and relaying engineers, as well as graduate students in these disciplines.
Burke, J.J.
Industrial Interruptible Power: An Economical Alternative
Prevailing utility cost forecasts project that long-term energy costs will rise in real terms. With the addition of capacity construction costs into electric utility rate bases, electric power costs for some utilities will rise sharply...
Reynolds, S. D.; Gardner, J. R.
Microsoft PowerPoint - Till.ppt
Company* Duke Energy* Progress Energy Carolinas* American Electric Power* East Kentucky Power Cooperative* Louisville Gas & ElectricKentucky Utilities (E.ON)* TVA Big Rivers...
E-Print Network 3.0 - advanced energy utilization Sample Search...
2 Tailored renewable energy ... Source: US DOE, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Green Power Network Collection: Energy Storage, Conversion and Utilization ; Power...
UTILITY OF EXTRACTING CY PARTICLE ENERGY BY WAVES N.J. FISCH, M.C. HERRMANN Princeton Plasma. The utility of extracting CY particle power, and then diverting this power to fast fuel ions, is investigated
Pulse shaping with transmission lines
A method and apparatus for forming shaped voltage pulses uses passive reflection from a transmission line with nonuniform impedance. The impedance of the reflecting line varies with length in accordance with the desired pulse shape. A high voltage input pulse is transmitted to the reflecting line. A reflected pulse is produced having the desired shape and is transmitted by pulse removal means to a load. Light activated photoconductive switches made of silicon can be utilized. The pulse shaper can be used to drive a Pockels cell to produce shaped optical pulses.
Wilcox, Russell B. (Oakland, CA)
Wilcox, R.B.
Trends in Utility Green Pricing Programs (2004)
In the early 1990s, only a handful of utilities offered their customers a choice of purchasing electricity generated from renewable energy sources. Today, nearly 600 utilities in regulated electricity markets--or almost 20% of all utilities nationally--provide their customers a "green power" option. Because some utilities offer programs in conjunction with cooperative associations or other publicly owned power entities, the number of distinct programs totals about 125. Through these programs, more than 40 million customers spanning 34 states have the ability to purchase renewable energy to meet some portion or all of their electricity needs--or make contributions to support the development of renewable energy resources. Typically, customers pay a premium above standard electricity rates for this service. This report presents year-end 2004 data on utility green pricing programs, and examines trends in consumer response and program implementation over time. The data in this report, which were obtained via a questionnaire distributed to utility green pricing program managers, can be used by utilities as benchmarks by which to gauge the success of their green power programs.
Electric power annual 1995. Volume II
This document summarizes pertinent statistics on various aspects of the U.S. electric power industry for the year and includes a graphic presentation. Data is included on electric utility retail sales and revenues, financial statistics, environmental statistics of electric utilities, demand-side management, electric power transactions, and non-utility power producers.
Power Plant Cycling Costs
This report provides a detailed review of the most up to date data available on power plant cycling costs. The primary objective of this report is to increase awareness of power plant cycling cost, the use of these costs in renewable integration studies and to stimulate debate between policymakers, system dispatchers, plant personnel and power utilities.
Kumar, N.; Besuner, P.; Lefton, S.; Agan, D.; Hilleman, D.
IIR algorithms for adaptive line enhancement
We introduce a simple IIR structure for the adaptive line enhancer. Two algorithms based on gradient-search techniques are presented for adapting the structure. Results from experiments which utilized real data as well as computer simulations are provided.
David, R.A.; Stearns, S.D.; Elliott, G.R.; Etter, D.M.
Mississippi Public Utility Act
The Mississippi Public Utility Act is relevant to any project that plans to generate energy. It requires that a utility must first obtain a Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity (CPCN)...
PFBC Utility Demonstration Project
This report provides a summary of activities by American Electric Power Service Corporation during the first budget period of the PFBC Utility Demonstration Project. In April 1990, AEP signed a Cooperative Agreement with the US Department of Energy to repower the Philip Sporn Plant, Units 3 4 in New Haven, West Virginia, with a 330 KW PFBC plant. The purpose of the program was to demonstrate and verify PFBC in a full-scale commercial plant. The technical and cost baselines of the Cooperative Agreement were based on a preliminary engineering and design and a cost estimate developed by AEP subsequent to AEP's proposal submittal in May 1988, and prior to the signing of the Cooperative Agreement. The Statement of Work in the first budget period of the Cooperative Agreement included a task to develop a preliminary design and cost estimate for erecting a Greenfield plant and to conduct a comparison with the repowering option. The comparative assessment of the options concluded that erecting a Greenfield plant rather than repowering the existing Sporn Plant could be the technically and economically superior alternative. The Greenfield plant would have a capacity of 340 MW. The ten additional MW output is due to the ability to better match the steam cycle to the PFBC system with a new balance of plant design. In addition to this study, the conceptual design of the Sporn Repowering led to several items which warranted optimization studies with the goal to develop a more cost effective design.
GSA- Utility Interconnection Agreements
Presentation given at the Spring 2010 Federal Utility Partnership Working Group (FUPWG) meeting in Providence, Rhode Island.
Utility maximization in models with conditionally independent increments
Utility maximization in models with conditionally independent increments Jan Kallsen Johannes Muhle-Karbe Abstract We consider the problem of maximizing expected utility from terminal wealth in models for power utility under the assumption that the increments of the asset price are independent conditionally
Kallsen, Jan
Executive Summary Joint Proposal of the Northwest Utilities
1 Executive Summary Joint Proposal of the Northwest Utilities The Future Role of BPA Regarding transfer from BPA to the region's utilities much of the responsibility for securing additional electricity a slice contract, a utility receives power equal to a fixed percentage of the electricity produced
Utility maximization in incomplete markets Campus de Beaulieu
Utility maximization in incomplete markets Ying Hu IRMAR Campus de Beaulieu Universit´e de Rennes email@example.com October 15, 2004 Abstract We consider the problem of utility maximization for small traders on incom of the supermartingales. We separately treat the cases of exponential, power and logarithmic utility. 2000 AMS subject
Imkeller, Peter
Michigan utilities begin implementation of cogeneration programs
Michigan's two major utilities, Consumers Power Corporation and Detroit Edison, are beginning to implement cogeneration and small power programs, although their approaches differ. Consumers Power is entering agreements to purchase cogenerated power at reasonable buyback rates to meet near-future capacity needs, while Detroit Edison is offering rate breaks to keep customers on the grid with an on-site cogeneration alternative rider because of excess capacity. Once its excess capacity is absorbed, Detroit Edison will encourage pursue the approach of Consumers Power. The latter recently filed to convert a Midland cancelled nuclear plant into a gas-fired cogeneration facility. The author reviews complications in this and other contracts and utility commission decisions. 2 tables.
Optimal strategies and utility-based prices converge when agents' preferences do
preferences are described by utility func- tions Un defined on the whole real line. It is shown, under with finite time horizon and utility functions defined on the whole real line. Supposing that pricesOptimal strategies and utility-based prices converge when agents' preferences do Laurence Carassus
HVDC power transmission technology assessment
The purpose of this study was to develop an assessment of the national utility system`s needs for electric transmission during the period 1995-2020 that could be met by future reduced-cost HVDC systems. The assessment was to include an economic evaluation of HVDC as a means for meeting those needs as well as a comparison with competing technologies such as ac transmission with and without Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) controllers. The role of force commutated dc converters was to be assumed where appropriate. The assessment begins by identifying the general needs for transmission in the U.S. in the context of a future deregulated power industry. The possible roles for direct current transmission are then postulated in terms of representative scenarios. A few of the scenarios are illustrated with the help of actual U.S. system examples. non-traditional applications as well as traditional applications such as long lines and asynchronous interconnections are discussed. The classical ``break-even distance`` concept for comparing HVDC and ac lines is used to assess the selected scenarios. The impact of reduced-cost converters is reflected in terms of the break-even distance. This report presents a comprehensive review of the functional benefits of HVDC transmission and updated cost data for both ac and dc system components. It also provides some provocative thoughts on how direct current transmission might be applied to better utilize and expand our nation`s increasingly stressed transmission assets.
Hauth, R.L.; Tatro, P.J.; Railing, B.D. [New England Power Service Co., Westborough, MA (United States); Johnson, B.K.; Stewart, J.R. [Power Technologies, Inc., Schenectady, NY (United States); Fink, J.L.
Third Avenue and Edgehill Road Improvements The City of Columbus and private utility companies have completed plans for improving West Third
Underground utility work will be performed by American Electric Power, Columbia Gas and a communication
Howat, Ian M.
(See Frequently Asked Questions for more information). Where would I be working? Western Area Power Administration Rocky Mountain Region Power Marketing, (J6200) Contracts and Energy Services 5555...
"List of Covered Electric Utilities" under the Public Utility...
6 Revised "List of Covered Electric Utilities" under the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 (PURPA) - 2006 Revised Under Title I of the Public Utility Regulatory...
Research results and utility experience workshop: Proceedings
This workshop was sponsored by the Distributed Utility Valuation (DUV) Project-a joint effort of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Department of Energy (DOE), Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) Department of Energy (DOE), and Pacific Gas & Electric Company (PG&E). The purpose of the workshop is to provide a forum for utilities, other research organizations, and regulatory agencies to share results and data on Distributed Utility (DU)-related research and applications. Up-to-date information provided insight into the various technologies available to utilities, the methods used to select the technologies, and case study results. The workshop was divided into three sessions: Planning Tools; Utility Experience; and Policy and Technology Implications. Brief summaries of the individual presentations from each session are attached as appendices.
Reactive power compensator
A system and method for determining and providing reactive power compensation for an inductive load. A reactive power compensator (50,50') monitors the voltage and current flowing through each of three distribution lines (52a, 52b, 52c), which are supplying three-phase power to one or more inductive loads. Using signals indicative of the current on each of these lines when the voltage waveform on the line crosses zero, the reactive power compensator determines a reactive power compensator capacitance that must be connected to the lines to maintain a desired VAR level, power factor, or line voltage. Alternatively, an operator can manually select a specific capacitance for connection to each line, or the capacitance can be selected based on a time schedule. The reactive power compensator produces control signals, which are coupled through optical fibers (102/106) to a switch driver (110, 110') to select specific compensation capacitors (112) for connections to each line. The switch driver develops triggering signals that are supplied to a plurality of series-connected solid state switches (350), which control charge current in one direction in respect to ground for each compensation capacitor. During each cycle, current flows from ground to charge the capacitors as the voltage on the line begins to go negative from its positive peak value. The triggering signals are applied to gate the solid state switches into a conducting state when the potential on the lines and on the capacitors reaches a negative peak value, thereby minimizing both the potential difference and across the charge current through the switches when they begin to conduct. Any harmonic distortion on the potential and current carried by the lines is filtered out from the current and potential signals used by the reactive power compensator so that it does not affect the determination of the required reactive compensation.
El-Sharkawi, Mohamed A. (Renton, WA); Venkata, Subrahmanyam S. (Woodinville, WA); Chen, Mingliang (Kirkland, WA); Andexler, George (Everett, WA); Huang, Tony (Seattle, WA)
Reactive Power Compensator.
A system and method for determining and providing reactive power compensation for an inductive load. A reactive power compensator (50,50') monitors the voltage and current flowing through each of three distribution lines (52a, 52b, 52c), which are supplying three-phase power to one or more inductive loads. Using signals indicative of the current on each of these lines when the voltage waveform on the line crosses zero, the reactive power compensator determines a reactive power compensator capacitance that must be connected to the lines to maintain a desired VAR level, power factor, or line voltage. Alternatively, an operator can manually select a specific capacitance for connection to each line, or the capacitance can be selected based on a time schedule. The reactive power compensator produces control signals, which are coupled through optical fibers (102/106) to a switch driver (110, 110') to select specific compensation capacitors (112) for connections to each line. The switch driver develops triggering signals that are supplied to a plurality of series-connected solid state switches (350), which control charge current in one direction in respect to ground for each compensation capacitor. During each cycle, current flows from ground to charge the capacitors as the voltage on the line begins to go negative from its positive peak value. The triggering signals are applied to gate the solid state switches into a conducting state when the potential on the lines and on the capacitors reaches a negative peak value, thereby minimizing both the potential difference and across the charge current through the switches when they begin to conduct. Any harmonic distortion on the potential and current carried by the lines is filtered out from the current and potential signals used by the reactive power compensator so that it does not affect the determination of the required reactive compensation. 26 figs.
El-Sharkawi, M.A.; Venkata, S.S.; Chen, M.; Andexler, G.; Huang, T.
This Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) Year 2 Biomass Utilization Final Technical Report summarizes multiple projects in biopower or bioenergy, transportation biofuels, and bioproducts. A prototype of a novel advanced power system, termed the high-temperature air furnace (HITAF), was tested for performance while converting biomass and coal blends to energy. Three biomass fuels--wood residue or hog fuel, corn stover, and switchgrass--and Wyoming subbituminous coal were acquired for combustion tests in the 3-million-Btu/hr system. Blend levels were 20% biomass--80% coal on a heat basis. Hog fuel was prepared for the upcoming combustion test by air-drying and processing through a hammer mill and screen. A K-Tron biomass feeder capable of operating in both gravimetric and volumetric modes was selected as the HITAF feed system. Two oxide dispersion-strengthened (ODS) alloys that would be used in the HITAF high-temperature heat exchanger were tested for slag corrosion rates. An alumina layer formed on one particular alloy, which was more corrosion-resistant than a chromia layer that formed on the other alloy. Research activities were completed in the development of an atmospheric pressure, fluidized-bed pyrolysis-type system called the controlled spontaneous reactor (CSR), which is used to process and condition biomass. Tree trimmings were physically and chemically altered by the CSR process, resulting in a fuel that was very suitable for feeding into a coal combustion or gasification system with little or no feed system modifications required. Experimental procedures were successful for producing hydrogen from biomass using the bacteria Thermotoga, a deep-ocean thermal vent organism. Analytical procedures for hydrogen were evaluated, a gas chromatography (GC) method was derived for measuring hydrogen yields, and adaptation culturing and protocols for mutagenesis were initiated to better develop strains that can use biomass cellulose. Fly ash derived from cofiring coal with waste paper, sunflower hulls, and wood waste showed a broad spectrum of chemical and physical characteristics, according to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C618 procedures. Higher-than-normal levels of magnesium, sodium, and potassium oxide were observed for the biomass-coal fly ash, which may impact utilization in cement replacement in concrete under ASTM requirements. Other niche markets for biomass-derived fly ash were explored. Research was conducted to develop/optimize a catalytic partial oxidation-based concept for a simple, low-cost fuel processor (reformer). Work progressed to evaluate the effects of temperature and denaturant on ethanol catalytic partial oxidation. A catalyst was isolated that had a yield of 24 mole percent, with catalyst coking limited to less than 15% over a period of 2 hours. In biodiesel research, conversion of vegetable oils to biodiesel using an alternative alkaline catalyst was demonstrated without the need for subsequent water washing. In work related to biorefinery technologies, a continuous-flow reactor was used to react ethanol with lactic acid prepared from an ammonium lactate concentrate produced in fermentations conducted at the EERC. Good yields of ester were obtained even though the concentration of lactic acid in the feed was low with respect to the amount of water present. Esterification gave lower yields of ester, owing to the lowered lactic acid content of the feed. All lactic acid fermentation from amylose hydrolysate test trials was completed. Management activities included a decision to extend several projects to December 31, 2003, because of delays in receiving biomass feedstocks for testing and acquisition of commercial matching funds. In strategic studies, methods for producing acetate esters for high-value fibers, fuel additives, solvents, and chemical intermediates were discussed with several commercial entities. Commercial industries have an interest in efficient biomass gasification designs but are waiting for economic incentives. Utility, biorefinery, pulp and paper, or o
Christopher J. Zygarlicke
Electronic power conditioning for dynamic power conversion in high-power space systems
require power levels above 10 kW, . For high energy levels of short duration, Chemical energy sources are effective choices. Utilizing magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), for example, these systems provide pulse power to their respective loads. And lastly, A...
Hansen, James Michael
Power Quality Implications
Electric utilities in the United States spend in excess of one billion dollars annually to maintain or improve the quality of electric power supplied to their customers. Yet, an increasing and alarming number of complaints are being voiced...
Hilson, D.
The feasibility of replacing or upgrading utility distribution transformers during routine maintenance
It is estimated that electric utilities use about 40 million distribution transformers in supplying electricity to customers in the United States. Although utility distribution transformers collectively have a high average efficiency, they account for approximately 61 billion kWh of the 229 billion kWh of energy lost annually in the delivery of electricity. Distribution transformers are being replaced over time by new, more efficient, lower-loss units during routine utility maintenance of power distribution systems. Maintenance is typically not performed on units in service. However, units removed from service with appreciable remaining life are often refurbished and returned to stock. Distribution transformers may be removed from service for many reasons, including failure, over- or underloading, or line upgrades such as voltage changes or rerouting. When distribution transformers are removed from service, a decision must be made whether to dispose of the transformer and purchase a lower-loss replacement or to refurbish the transformer and return it to stock for future use. This report contains findings and recommendations on replacing utility distribution transformers during routine maintenance, which is required by section 124(c) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992. The objectives of the study are to evaluate the practicability, cost-effectiveness, and potential energy savings of replacing or upgrading existing transformers during routine utility maintenance and to develop recommendations on was to achieve the potential energy savings.
Barnes, P.R.; Van Dyke, J.W.; McConnell, B.W.; Cohn, S.M.; Purucker, S.L.
Transmission access: The new factor in electric utility mergers
This article deals with the effect of consideration of transmission access in whether a merger of electric utility is in the public interest. Cases examined are Southern California Edison and San Diego Gas and Electric, Utah Power and Light and Pacific Power and Light, Public Service Company of New Hampshire and Northeast Utilities Service Company, Kansas Gas and Electric and Kansas Power and Light, plus some holding company mergers.
Boiler, D.S.
Generalized utility metrics for supercomputers
2007:1�12 Generalized utility metrics for supercomputers 12.ISSUE PAPER Generalized utility metrics for supercomputersproblem of ranking the utility of supercom- puter systems
Strohmaier, Erich
Utility Service Renovations
Any upgrade to utility service provides an opportunity to revisit a Federal building's electrical loads and costs, but it also may provide an economic way to bundle the upgrade with an onsite renewable electricity project during renovation. Upgrading utility service to the site may involve improving or adding a transformer, upgrading utility meters, or otherwise modifying the interconnection equipment or services with the utility. In some cases, the upgrade may change the tariff structure for the facility and may qualify the property for a different structure with lower overall costs. In all cases, the implementation of renewable energy technologies should be identified during the design phase.
Utility Data Collection Service
Presentation covers the utility data collection service and is given at the FUPWG 2006 Spring meeting, held on May 3-4, 2006 in Atlanta, Georgia.
Joint Electrical Utilities (Iowa)
Cities may establish utilities to acquire existing electric generating facilities or distribution systems. Acquisition, in this statute, is defined as city involvement, and includes purchase, lease...
Utility Regulation (Indiana)
The Indiana Utility Regulatory Commission enforces regulations in this legislation that apply to all individuals, corporations, companies, and partnerships that may own, operate, manage, or control...
Utility Energy Service Contracts
Utility energy service contracts (UESCs) offer Federal agencies an effective means to implement energy-efficiency, renewable-energy, and water-efficiency projects.
Electric Utility Industry Update
Presentation�given at the April 2012 Federal Utility Partnership Working Group (FUPWG) meeting�covers significant electric industry trends and industry priorities with federal customers.
Municipal Utility Districts (Texas)
Municipal Utility Districts, regulated by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, may be created for the following purposes: (1) the control, storage, preservation, and distribution of its...
Utility-Optimal Scheduling in Time-Varying Wireless Networks with Delay Constraints
propose an on-line scheduling policy and prove that it is utility- optimal. Surprisingly, this policy doesUtility-Optimal Scheduling in Time-Varying Wireless Networks with Delay Constraints I-Hong Hou CSL-varying environment, we consider the system problem of maximizing the total utility of clients, where the utilities
Energy Jobs: Utility Line Worker | Department of Energy
Energy Savers [EERE]
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious RankCombustion |Energy UsageAUDITVehiclesTanklessDOJ TitleDr.Double |Department of EnergyHome
clean coal technology, are not extensively utilized in the cast concrete masonry products (bricks both conventional and clean coal technologies. A clean coal ash is defined as the ash derived from SO2Center for By-Products Utilization USE OF CLASS F FLY ASH AND CLEAN-COAL ASH BLENDS FOR CAST
combustion by-products #12;3 generated by using both conventional and clean-coal technologies. A clean-coal that obtained from clean-coal technology, are not utilized in cast-concrete masonry products (bricks, blocksCenter for By-Products Utilization RECENT ADVANCES IN RECYCLING CLEAN- COAL ASH By Tarun R. Naik
WOOD PRODUCTS AND UTILIZATION V #12;#12;443USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-160. 1997. Section Overview Wood Products and Utilization1 John R. Shelly2 Forests are obviously a very important asset to California, and their economic and social value to the state is well documented. Wood
Center for By-Products Utilization USE OF CLASS F FLY ASH AND CLEAN-COAL ASH BLENDS FOR CAST OF CLASS F FLYASHAND CLEAN-COAL ASHBLENDS FOR CAST CONCRETE PRODUCTS Authors: TarunR.Naik, Director, Center,Illinois Clean Coal Institute RudolphN.Kraus, Research Associate, UWM Center forBy-Products Utilization Shiw S
Center for By-Products Utilization CLEAN COAL BY-PRODUCTS UTILIZATION IN ROADWAY, EMBANKMENTS-fueled plants, particularly use of eastern coals, has lead to the use of clean coal and using advanced sulfur dioxide control technologies. Figure 1 shows clean coal technology benefits(2) . In 1977, the concept
Contributed Paper Using Changes in Agricultural Utility to Quantify
Contributed Paper Using Changes in Agricultural Utility to Quantify Future Climate-Induced Risk to Conservation LYNDON D. ESTES, LYDIE-LINE PAROZ, BETHANY A. BRADLEY,§ JONATHAN M.H. GREEN, DAVID G. HOLE to be mediated through changes in the agricultural utility of land. As farmers adapt their practices to changing
Bradley, Bethany
Opportunistic Scheduling for utility maximization under QoS constraints
1 Opportunistic Scheduling for utility maximization under QoS constraints Neung-Hyung Lee, Jin. Our opportunistic scheduling aims at maximizing the utility which is usually expressed as a function of user throughput. In this paper we derive an off-line optimal scheduling policy by optimization theory
Bahk, Saewoong
Intelligent Transformer Monitoring System Utilizing Neuro-Fuzzy
Intelligent Transformer Monitoring System Utilizing Neuro-Fuzzy Technique Approach Intelligent Center Intelligent Transformer Monitoring System Utilizing Neuro-Fuzzy Technique Approach Final Project transformers and circuit breakers off-line, in order to assess whether the equipment is operating normally
Magnet power system for the Microwave Tokamak Experiment (MTX)
The system configuration, layout, and general philosophy for the MTX magnet power system is described. The vast majority of the magnet power equipment was quite successfully used on the ALCATOR-C experiment at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The AC power for the magnet system at MIT was obtained from a 225MVA alternator. The power for the system at LLNL is obtained directly from the local utility's 230 kV line. This installation, therefore, necessitates the addition of a great deal of equipment in ranges from new switchgear in the substation to using existing switchgear obtained from MIT as contractors for intershop electrical isolation as well as safety isolation for personnel entry into the experimental area. Additionally, some discussion is made of the unique layout of this facility and the tradeoffs made to accommodate them. 2 refs., 6 figs.
Jackson, M.C.; Musslewhite, R.C.
Other utilities, not IPPs key concern for electric executives
The evolving competitive electric utility world is making executives more cautious and focused on their core businesses at the expense of high-profile issues like international investment, global warming, demand side management and electric and magnetic fields, a new survey shows. The 1994 Electric Utility Outlook, conducted by the Washington International Energy Group, also shows growing concern about utility-on-utility competition and a decline of the independent power producer threat, a growing but grudging acknowledgement of retail wheeling and increasing discomfort with nuclear power.
O'Driscoll, M.
Monitoring of Power System Topology in Real-Time Mladen Kezunovic
components such as generators, power transformers, transmission lines, loads, etc. The knowledge about components such as generators, power transformers, busbars, transmission lines and loads. The interconnected
On Line Power Plant Performance Monitoring
in achieving the best operation of the plant 3. To evaluate component performance and deterioration for use in a maintenance program 4. To develop cost data and incremental cost characteristics for the economic operation or dispatch of the unit... ? Analyze current plant?eQuipment status and diagnostics for preventive maintenance and equipment damage ? Provide current energy management and system dispatch operation information ? Capability for plant and equipment acceptance and periodic...
Ahner, D. J.; Priestley, R. R.
Increasing the Capacity of Existing Power Lines
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "ofEarly Career Scientists'Montana.ProgramJulietipDepartment ofThe full text of what isAnalysis Under
factsheet - trees and power lines - July 2008
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear SecurityTensile Strain Switched5 Industrial Carbon Capture and Storageconvert,exercise program |twoseveral
E-Print Network 3.0 - automatic on-line renewable Sample Search...
Photovoltaics (NCPV) and managed by; US DOE, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Green Power Network Collection: Energy Storage, Conversion and Utilization ; Power...
Partners for Progress- A Utility Perspective
a cogeneration facility. Given a competitive cost and CPL's quality serVice these industriales are choosing cPt as thei~ primary power supplier. The estimated cost of power from a ~6MW cogeneration facility is 3.4 cents/KWH which is the same... as the cost of CPL power. CU9'1'OM!R U9PQND TO HI!! INTDRUP'l'~ !m? Since the Public Utility COmm19B1on or Texas approved our latest interruptible rates for large industriales (10 MW and above) the company has Bold over 200 MWa of this service. This has...
Pierce, C. S.
Purchasing Renewable Power
Federal agencies can purchase renewable power or renewable energy certificates (RECs) from a utility or other organization to meet Federal renewable energy requirements. Renewable power and RECs are good choices for facilities where on-site projects may be difficult or capital budgets are limited.
Dynamic Line Rating Oncor Electric Delivery Smart Grid Program
Electric transmission lines are the lifeline of the electric utility industry, delivering its product from source to consumer. This critical infrastructure is often constrained such that there is inadequate capacity on existing transmission lines to efficiently deliver the power to meet demand in certain areas or to transport energy from high-generation areas to high-consumption regions. When this happens, the cost of the energy rises; more costly sources of power are used to meet the demand or the system operates less reliably. These economic impacts are known as congestion, and they can amount to substantial dollars for any time frame of reference: hour, day or year. There are several solutions to the transmission constraint problem, including: construction of new generation, construction of new transmission facilities, rebuilding and reconductoring of existing transmission assets, and Dynamic Line Rating (DLR). All of these options except DLR are capital intensive, have long lead times and often experience strong public and regulatory opposition. The Smart Grid Demonstration Program (SGDP) project co-funded by the Department of Energy (DOE) and Oncor Electric Delivery Company developed and deployed the most extensive and advanced DLR installation to demonstrate that DLR technology is capable of resolving many transmission capacity constraint problems with a system that is reliable, safe and very cost competitive. The SGDP DLR deployment is the first application of DLR technology to feed transmission line real-time dynamic ratings directly into the system operation�s State Estimator and load dispatch program, which optimizes the matching of generation with load demand on a security, reliability and economic basis. The integrated Dynamic Line Rating (iDLR)1 collects transmission line parameters at remote locations on the lines, calculates the real-time line rating based on the equivalent conductor temperature, ambient temperature and influence of wind and solar radiation on the stringing section, transmits the data to the Transmission Energy Management System, validates its integrity and passes it on to Oncor and ERCOT (Electric Reliability Council of Texas) respective system operations. The iDLR system is automatic and transparent to ERCOT System Operations, i.e., it operates in parallel with all other system status telemetry collected through Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) employed across the company.
Johnson, Justin; Smith, Cale; Young, Mike; Donohoo, Ken; Owen, Ross; Clark, Eddit; Espejo, Raul; Aivaliotis, Sandy; Stelmak, Ron; Mohr, Ron; Barba, Cristian; Gonzalez, Guillermo; Malkin, Stuart; Dimitrova, Vessela; Ragsdale, Gary; Mitchem, Sean; Jeirath, Nakul; Loomis, Joe; Trevino, Gerardo; Syracuse, Steve; Hurst, Neil; Mereness, Matt; Johnson, Chad; Bivens, Carrie
Utility Access Questionnaire | Utility Access Questionnaire
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 NoPublic Utilities Address: 160 East 300 South Place: Salt Lake City, Utah Zip: 84111Jump to:Access Questionnaire
Manufacturing challenges of optical current and voltage sensors for utility applications
Measurement of voltages and currents in power transmission and distribution systems are critical to the electric utility industry for both revenue metering and reliability. Nonconventional instrument transformers based on intensity modulation of optical signals have been reported in the literature for more than 20 years. Recently described devices using passive bulk optical sensor elements include the Electro-Optic Voltage Transducer (EOVT) and Magneto-Optic Current Transducer (MOCT). These technologies offer substantial advantages over conventional instrument transformers in accuracy, optical isolation bandwidth, environmental compatibility, weight and size. This paper describes design and manufacturing issues associated with the EOVT and the Optical Metering Unit (OMU) recently introduced by ABB with field installation results presented for prototype units in the 345 kV and 420 kV voltage classes. The OMU incorporates an EOVT and MOCT to monitor the voltage and current on power transmission lines using a single free-standing device.
Yakymyshyn, C.P. [Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT (United States). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering; Brubaker, M.A. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States); Johnston, P.M. [Johnston (Paul M.), Raleigh, NC (United States); Reinbold, C. [ABB High Voltage Switchgear, Greensburg, PA (United States)
International Conference onFly Ash Disposal and Utilization,onJanuary 20-22, 1998, New Delhi, India. COAL ASH and embankments, pavement and subbase courses, subgrade stabilizations, landfill cover, soil improvement, land
Extraction Utility Design Specification
Extraction Utility Design Specification January 11, 2011 Document Version 1.9 1 Revision History Date Version Section and Titles Author Summary of Change January 15, 2010 1.0 All...
Utility and Industrial Partnerships
In the past decade, many external forces have shocked both utilities and their large industrial customers into seeking more effective ways of coping and surviving. One such way is to develop mutually beneficial partnerships optimizing the use...
Sashihara, T. F.
;;; Some utility functions (define (negative-abs m) ;; m can be big, so we'll try to be nice here (if (abs_m m) ;; returns smallest p�...
Public Utilities Act (Illinois)
This act aims to make energy services in the state reliable and efficient, while preserving the quality if the environment. It states the duties of public utilities in terms of accounts and reports...
Utility Metering- AGL Resources
Presentation�given at the Spring 2013 Federal Utility Partnership Working Group (FUPWG) meeting�discusses AGL Resources metering, including interruptible rate customers, large users, and meeting federal metering goals.
Center for By-Products Utilization DRAFT REPORT CARBON DIOXIDE SEQUESTRATION IN CEMENTITIOUS-MILWAUKEE #12;CARBON DIOXIDE SEQUESTRATION IN CEMENTITIOUS PRODUCTS Progress Report by Tarun R. Naik, Rakesh of Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Technologies
-Products Utilization E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com and F. D. Botha Project Manager, Illinois Clean Coal Institute 5776 Coal, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA. 4 Project Manager, Illinois Clean Coal Institute
Utility Easements (Indiana)
A permit is required from the Indiana Department of Natural Resources for the construction of a utility upon a state park, a state forest, a state game preserve, land acquired by the state and set...
Gas Utilities (Maine)
Rules regarding the production, sale, and transfer of manufactured gas will also apply to natural gas. This section regulates natural gas utilities that serve ten or more customers, more than one...
Utility theory front to back inferring utility from agents' choices
Utility theory front to back inferring utility from agents' choices A. M. G. Cox Dept to utility theory and consumption & investment problems. Instead of specifying an agent's utility function) and ask if it is possible to derive a utility function for which the observed behaviour is optimal. We
Asymptotic utility-based pricing and hedging for exponential utility
Asymptotic utility-based pricing and hedging for exponential utility Jan Kallsen Christian deals with pricing and hedging based on utility indifference for exponential utility. We consider order approximation the utility indifference price and the corresponding hedge can be determined from
Concentrating Solar Power (Fact Sheet), SunShot Initiative, U...
Concentrating Solar Power Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) offers a utility-scale, firm, dispatchable renewable energy option that can help meet the nation's goal of making solar...
Combined Heat and Power, Waste Heat, and District Energy | Department...
Combined Heat and Power, Waste Heat, and District Energy Combined Heat and Power, Waste Heat, and District Energy Presentation-given at the Fall 2011 Federal Utility Partnership...
Development of an Advanced Combined Heat and Power (CHP) System...
an Advanced Combined Heat and Power (CHP) System Utilizing Off-Gas from Coke Calcination - Fact Sheet, 2011 Development of an Advanced Combined Heat and Power (CHP) System...
Combustion Exhaust Gas Heat to Power Using Thermoelectric Engines...
Combustion Exhaust Gas Heat to Power Using Thermoelectric Engines Combustion Exhaust Gas Heat to Power Using Thermoelectric Engines Discusses a novel TEG which utilizes a...
Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage in Concentrated Solar Thermal Power Plants
STORAGE FOR CONCENTRATING SOLAR POWER PLANTS,� Eurosun 2010,COST REDUCTION STUDY FOR SOLAR THERMAL POWER PLANTS, Ottawa,heat transfer in solar thermal power plants utilizing phase
Hardin, Corey Lee
Knowledge-based recognition of utility map sub-diagrams Simon J. Hickinbotham and Anthony G. Cohn
are represented as Figure 1. sub-diagrams in a typical utility map dotted lines on the map. The layout of cables to find visual objects in utility maps. The literature for extracting line primitives from raster mapsKnowledge-based recognition of utility map sub-diagrams Simon J. Hickinbotham and Anthony G. Cohn
Leeds, University of
Nondestructive Testing of Overhead Transmission Lines: Numerical and Experimental Investigation
Overhead transmission lines are periodically inspected using both on-ground and helicopter-aided visual inspection. Factors including sun glare, cloud cover, close proximity to power lines and the rapidly changing visual circumstances make airborne...
Kulkarni, Salil Subhash
Southwestern Federal Power System combined financial statements and supplemental schedules for the years ended September 30, 1994 and 1993
The Southwestern Federal Power System encompasses the operation of 24 hydroelectric power plants by the US Army Corps of Engineers and the marketing of power and energy from those plants by Southwestern Power Administration of the US Department of Energy. To integrate the operation of these hydroelectric generating plants and to transmit power from the dams to its customers, Southwestern Power Administration (Southwestern) maintains 2,220 kilometers (1,380 miles) of high-voltage transmission lines, 24 substations, and 46 microwave and VHF radio sites. Southwestern`s headquarters are in Tulsa, Oklahoma; its dispatch center is in Springfield, Missouri; and its maintenance crews are based in Jonesboro, Arkansas, in Gore and Tupelo, Oklahoma, and in Springfield, Missouri. Three divisions - Administration and Rates, Power Marketing and Delivery, and Maintenance - are responsible for meeting Southwestern`s mission. Twelve of the 24 generating plants are scheduled directly by Southwestern, and a total of 19 contribute to the interconnected system operations. Generation at the five remaining projects (Denison, Narrows, Sam Rayburn, Whitney, and Willis) is used to serve specific customer loads. At the end of fiscal year 1994, Southwestern marketed power and energy to 10 generation and transmission cooperatives, one distribution cooperative, three military installations, 41 municipal utilities, and three municipal utility joint-action agencies. One of the joint-action agencies has its own allocation of power from Southwestern; the other two serve 34 municipal utilities to whom Southwestern has allocated power. The total number of power allocation customers is 92. Additionally, excess energy is occasionally sold to non-allocation utilities. The primary purposes of Southwestern are to market Federally generated hydroelectric power, operate a reliable and safe transmission system, and encourage energy efficiency for the benefit of the region.
Marwick, P.
8 "List of Covered Electric Utilities" under the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 (PURPA) - 2008 Under Title I of the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978...
9 "List of Covered Electric Utilities" under the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 (PURPA) - 2009 Under Title I, Sec. 102(c) of the Public Utility Regulatory Policies...
anniversary technology utilization: Topics by E-print Network
the use of carbon based fuels to generate electricity and utilizing nuclear or solar energy systems instead. While nuclear power can technically be Alfred J. Cavallo 2001-01-01 8...
Chemosensing strategies : utilizing the novel sulfonamidohydroxyquinoline amino acid Sox
Modular peptide-based fluorescent chemosensors utilizing the chelation-sensitive fluorophore 8-hydroxy-5-(N,N-dimethylsulfonamido)-2-methylquinoline are powerful tools for sensing Zn�? and for sensing protein kinase activity. ...
Shults, Melissa Dawn
Utilities Sell Lighting, Cooling and Heating to Large Customers
The electric utility industry is entering an era of unprecedented competition. Competition from traditional sources such as natural gas companies, customer cogeneration, and independent power producers are being joined by new sources of competition...
Horne, M. L.; Zien, H. B.
U.S. electric utility demand-side management 1993
This report presents comprehensive information on electric power industry demand-side management activities in the United States at the national, regional, and utility levels. Data is included for energy savings, peakload reductions, and costs.
Announcing the "Top 10" List of Green Utility Leaders | Department...
the "Top 10" List of Green Utility Leaders June 7, 2013 - 5:10pm Addthis Ranking the Top Green Power Providers See All Leaders x Renewable Energy Sales Total Customer Participants...
Waseca Utilities- Commercial and Industrial Energy Efficiency Rebate Program
Southern Minnesota Municipal Power Agency (SMMPA) is a joint-action agency which generates and sells reliable electricity at wholesale to its eighteen non-profit, municipally-owned member utilities...
Lake City Utilities- Residential Energy Efficiency Rebate Program
Lake Worth Utilities- Residential Solar Water Heating Rebate Program
The City of Lake Worth Utilities (CLWU), in conjunction with Florida Municipal Power Agency, offers rebates to customers who purchase and install a solar water heating system for residential use. A...
Topic 1: Basics of Power Systems A.H. MohsenianRad (U of T) 1Networking and Distributed Systems
) Transmission Lines Several Hundred Miles Switching Stations Transformers Circuit Breakers #12;Power Systems Grid 7 · Power Distribution: Medium Voltage (MV) Transmission Lines ( in Smart Grid 11 Nodes: Buses Links: Transmission Lines Generator Load #12;Power Grid Graph Representation
Mohsenian-Rad, Hamed
Delmarva Power- Green Energy Program Incentives
The Green Energy Program actually consists of three separate programs: one for Delmarva Power and Light (DP&L), the state's only investor-owned utility; one for the state's municipal utilities;...
Fifteen years later: Whither Restructuring in the American Electric Utility System?
to Power Loss: The Origins of Deregulation and Restructuring in the American Electric Utility System1 1990s. It advances the thesis of my book, Power Loss, namely that the traditional holders of political. Hirsh, Power Loss: The Origins of Deregulation and Restructuring in the American Electric Utility System
Smart Power Laboratory (Fact Sheet), NREL (National Renewable...
system manufacturers * Home automation and energy management system manufacturers * Power electronics device vendors * Utilities * State energy commissions * Certification...
Sixth Power Plan northwest Power and Conservation Council
's loads · Bonneville sells wholesale power to over 120 publicly-owned utilities · Variability in hydro generation led to development of the nation's first major spot market for wholesale power · Bonneville built and wholesale power are low · Retirement of coal-fired plants have been announced; will require development
Promoting Energy Efficiency in Industry: Utility Roles and Perspectives
successful utility marketing puget Sound Power and Light programs related to commercial/industrial end (Puget Power) -- The most flex use efficiency are: ible rebate program offered. Commercial/industrial customers ? Customer Education may submit... proposals and engineering designs for a rebate Pacific Gas and Electric Company up to $100,000. Utility (PG&E) -- Technical briefs of engineers also help with drawing new, emerging technologies. up bid specifications. Energy consumption monitoring...
Limaye, D. R.; Davis, T. D.
Effects of resource acquisitions on electric-utility shareholders
The purpose of this study is to see how shareholders fare when the utility acquires different kinds of resources. The resources considered are utility-built, -operated, and -owned power plants with different combinations of construction and operation costs; purchases of power; and DSM programs. We calculated the net present value of realized (cash) return on equity as the primary factor used to represent shareholder interests. We examined shareholder returns for these resources as functions of public utility commission regulation, taxes, and the utility`s operating environment. Our treatment of regulation considers the frequency and type (future vs historic test year) of rate cases, inclusion of construction work in progress in ratebase vs allowance for funds used during construction, ratebase vs expensing of DSM programs, book and tax depreciation schedules, possible disallowances of ``excess`` power-plant or DSM capital costs, and possible lack of adjustment for ``excess`` fuel or purchased power costs. The tax policies we studied include the existence and rates for property, sales, and income taxes and the existence and regulatory treatment of deferred taxes. The utility`s operating environment includes the overall inflation rate, load-growth rate, escalation in nonproduction expenses, and nongeneration construction (capital) requirements. Finally, given the increasingly competitive nature of electricity markets, we briefly considered alternatives to traditional cost-of-service regulation. We examined shareholder returns for the resources described above in an environment where the utility competes with other suppliers solely on the basis of electricity price.
Hirst, E.; Hadley, S.
Utility Rate | OpenEI Community
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 NoPublic Utilities Address: 160 East 300 South Place: Salt Lake City, Utah Zip: 84111Jumpand Power Jump to:Utility
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 NoPublic Utilities Address: 160 East 300 South Place: Salt Lake City, Utah Zip: 84111Jumpand PowerUtility Rate Home
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 NoPublic Utilities Address: 160 East 300 South Place: Salt Lake City, Utah Zip: 84111Jumpand PowerUtility Rate
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 NoPublic Utilities Address: 160 East 300 South Place: Salt Lake City, Utah Zip: 84111Jumpand PowerUtility
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 NoPublic Utilities Address: 160 East 300 South Place: Salt Lake City, Utah Zip: 84111Jumpand PowerUtilityAmerican
CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION CALIFORNIA PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Prosper, California Public Utilities Commission, 415.703.2160 GREENHOUSE GAS STRATEGIES OPINION RELEASED SACRAMENTO -- The California Energy Commission and the California Public Utilities Commission today released
Utility View of Risk Assessment
This paper will address a utility perspective in regard to risk assessment, reliability, and impact on the utility system. Discussions will also include the critical issues for utilities when contracting for energy and capacity from cogenerators...
Bickham, J.
Power Plant Power Plant
Basin Center for Geothermal Energy at University of Nevada, Reno (UNR) 2 Nevada Geodetic LaboratoryStillwater Power Plant Wabuska Power Plant Casa Diablo Power Plant Glass Mountain Geothermal Area Lassen Geothermal Area Coso Hot Springs Power Plants Lake City Geothermal Area Thermo Geothermal Area
Tingley, Joseph V.
include workability, water requirement, bleeding, segregation, air content, time of set, and temperature with and without by-products, and soil and groundwater remediation technologies including bioremediation. ACI for power production. Its combustion in electric power plants produces large amounts of fly ash and bottom
-strength materials (CLSM); and, future research needs. The fresh concrete properties discussed are workability, water with and without by-products, and soil and groundwater remediation technologies including bioremediation. ACI for power production. Its combustion in electric power plants produces large amounts of fly ash and bottom
EIS-0507: Boardman-Hemingway Transmission Line, Oregon and Idaho...
Transmission Line, Oregon and Idaho SUMMARY The Bureau of Land Management and the U.S. Forest Service are preparing, with DOE's Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) as a...
Power Factor Reactive Power
power: 130 watts Induction motor PSERC Incandescent lights 0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.01 0.012 0.014 0 power: 150 watts #12;Page 4 PSERC Incandescent Lights PSERC Induction motor with no load #12;Page 5 Incandescent Lights #12;Page 7 PSERC Incandescent lights power: Power = 118 V x 1.3 A = 153 W = 0.15 kW = power
Utility Energy Savings Contract Project
Presentation covers the Utility Energy Savings Contract Project and is given at the Spring 2010 Federal Utility Partnership Working Group (FUPWG) meeting in Rapid City, South Dakota.
GSA-Utility Interconnection Agreements
Presentation�given at at the Fall 2012 Federal Utility Partnership Working Group (FUPWG) meeting�covers the General Service Administration's (GSA's) utility interconnection agreements.
Interline Photovoltaic (I-PV) power system - A novel concept of power flow control and management
This paper presents a new system configuration for a large-scale Photovoltaic (PV) power system with multi-line transmission/distribution networks. A PV power plant is reconfigured in a way that two adjacent power system ...
Khadkikar, Vinod
Miter bend loss and higher order mode content measurements in overmoded millimeter-wave transmission lines
High power applications require an accurate calculation of the losses on overmoded corrugated cylindrical transmission lines. Previous assessments of power loss on these lines have not considered beam polarization or higher ...
Kowalski, Elizabeth J. (Elizabeth Joan)
Southwestern Federal Power System 1995 Financial Statement audit under the Chief Financial Officers Act (WR-FC-96-02)
The Southwestern Federal Power System encompasses the operation of 24 hydroelectric power plants by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the marketing of power and energy from those plants by the Southwestern Power Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy. To integrate the operation of these hydroelectric generating plants and to transmit power from the dams to its customers, Southwestern Power Administration (Southwestern) maintains 2,220 kilometers (1,380 miles) of high-voltage transmission lines, 24 substations, and 46 microwave and VHF radio sites. Southwestern`s headquarters are in Tulsa, Oklahoma; its dispatch center is in Springfield, Missouri; and its maintenance crews are based in Jonesboro, Arkansas, in Gore and Tupelo, Oklahoma, and in Springfield, Missouri. Three offices - Power Marketing and Delivery, Maintenance, and Administration and Rates - are responsible for meeting Southwestern`s mission. Twelve of the 24 generating plants are scheduled directly by Southwestern, and a total of 19 contribute to the interconnected system operations. Generation at the five remaining projects (Denison, Narrows, Sam Rayburn, Whitney, and Willis) is used to serve specific customer loads. At the end of fiscal year 1995, Southwestern marketed power and energy to 10 generation and transmission cooperatives, one distribution cooperative, three military installations, 44 municipal utilities, and three municipal utility joint-action agencies. One of the joint-action agencies has its own allocation of power from Southwestern; the other two serve 33 municipal utilities to whom Southwestern has allocated power. The total number of power allocation customers is 92. Additionally, excess energy is occasionally sold to non-allocation utilities.
wood with supplementary fuels such as coal, oil, natural gas, and coke by pulp and paper mills and wood, knots, chips, etc. with other supplementary fuels such as coal, oil, natural gas, and coke to generateCenter for By-Products Utilization DEVELOPMENT OF CLSM USING COAL ASH AND WOOD ASH, A SOURCE OF NEW
Physical Plant Utility Department
of Massachusetts Amherst Electrical Distribution & Outdoor Lighting 3.0 Table of Contents Page 1 UMass Medium buses at the Eastside sub-station. The Eastside sub-station is comprised of two separate buses with a normally open bus tie. Each bus is automatically backed up by separate utility feeds. The Eastside Sub-station
Massachusetts at Amherst, University of
Presentationand Publicationat the CBIP International Conference onFly Ash Disposal & Utilization,New Delhi, India, January 1998 foundry sand and slag. Most of these by-products are landfilled, primarily due to non-availability of economically attractive use options. Landfilling is not a desirable option because it not only causes huge
currently being produced by Manitowoc Public Utilities. Flowable Materials have up to 1200 psi compressive of water, and consist mostly of ash or similar materials. It is believed that concrete Bricks, Blocks in manufacturing Blended Cements. Soil stabilization or site remediation is another significant potential use
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