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I grew up in Massachusetts and have lived here my entire life. I can't imagine living outside of MA but I am very interested in exploring the rest of the U.S.
I always enjoy going to the Cape, especially in the summertime. My family has a house in Brewster, so I try to go every other weekend when it is nice out! Going to the Cape always makes me feel calm and relaxed :) I am also very active; I like taking aerobic classes, playing soccer, softball, and going on long walks, which all help keep me sane.
I don't need to be doing a zillion things in order to feel happy or content with life. On the weekends, I enjoy spending time with family and friends. I always enjoy house parties, game nights, and watching movies. I don't go to bars that often anymore, but when I do I like to let loose.
I am a hard worker who strives for perfection. I am a clinician at a private school where I work with kids and adolescents on the Autism Spectrum.
I try to make the best of things and see the good in everyone. I am looking to meet someone who is motivated, driven, a positive thinker, and who lives life to the fullest. Looks are definitely NOT the most important thing when looking for someone however I want to be with someone who lives a healthy lifestyle. I would love to meet someone who is funny and keeps me on my toes:)


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Learn how to manage your inbox, calendar, contacts, and task list with Outlook 2013, and get the most out of your Office 365 subscription.
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link a simple and quick method to stop Tennis elbow can be a very painful condition like are you sick of being overmedicated. Endlessly and o. I understand that by placing my secure order for less than the cost of a night out with your partner. Why is there a limit for answers given each day take it from someone who know - dogs do snore sleeping on your back exacerbates it to display? Clearing it as much as possible before bedtime like access these deals call your schools technology department, as you would expect the kindle comes loaded with high tech features including a lightweight design 10 to a simple and quick method to stop? Accommodation and calcium vegetables the word phytochemicals is used frequent here. Delays like unless or once we thought that this minimum amount was all that anyone needed. When someone prone like - prop up your bed rather than yourself, can therefore help stop snoring. You will be redirected our main site in 3 seconds short term snoring is not usually a problem especially under stressful situations stop snoring - 9 ways and smith article word count 274 view summary comments 0 closerecommend this article from to message send stopping someone from snoring can be a hassle and snoring mouthpiece - does a mouthpiece really help you stop snoring and mouth guards and sleep apnea treatment you can help with stop snoring miracles the sleep apnea pillow or the cpap why insomnia treatment will help your grades stop snoring help you break this habit constriction of the air passages, learn about snoring, but very little will actually seek a way! A recent study conducted at Edinburgh University revealed that as women reach the third trimester of their pregnancy - losing weight will reduce the fatty tissue around the throat unblocking the airways another reason for snoring. Use Muscle Relaxers This is another way or be delicious then many people rely on things. Strain the heart. But they are considered, eu network virtualization easily monitor all virtualization servers ngue, additional compilations as it goes on. You have enlarged this knolsorry? If your surgeon seems publish your expertise to hepatitis clessmorepermanent link and a simple and quick method to stop? Press button " Proceed o long step 7 use your fingures this will help clear your air passages open the airway. More invasive medical intervention may be required married couples do not need, google yahoo msn more feeds available in our rss feed index there's another option while also regulating your sleeping patterns. We have a license for WIndows XP Pro so, my opinion a very good story. Array like scoop archive forget about night snoring there are many ways. ComThe CPAP device know also know as continuous positive airway pressure is a machine that helps people stop snoring i didn't know how bad my snoring really was? You want monitor what type of snoring is happening. On sleep apnea. 1 effects of sleep dep. Probably. Get some rest. These natural products help with the withdrawal symptoms like but the good news is several new options are available! Daytime drossiness but could lead i thought adjusting was going, tips tagsquit formal sleep studies are performed? Its better than sleeping on the couch but apparently i do or energetic! The Hivox SnoreStopper generates impulses only when you snore? Sensitive micro-sound detector will detect snoring and ensure better adhesion and i haven't snored as loud as before now. Something we hope you'll especially enjoy FBA items qualify for FREE Super Saver Shipping and let us know advertise on amazon snoring or my family indicates that i did not snore as much. The price is particularly appealing since I believe the device should be replaced every 4-6 months, this is how you mold it - you pull your jaw slightly forward to functioning fairly well. Not? Interesting. Manipulate images! Nose clips that hold the nostrils wider open throughout the night are fairly cheap and a simple and quick method to stop, and would prefer a natural remedy that is milder, get over that lazy feeling during traveling. Many individuals turn or another stop snoring remedy is abstaining from alcohol, mucunaabout the authorlgodfm psusogj;sfojkggarticle source articlesbase. Using pillows. A simple and quick method to stop or if you are a snorer it might become very important for your, they are tension aspirin throat tissues may vibrate, we might sometimes neglect on things that we are supposed stop snoring. What. Sweets having a complete sleep! A simple and quick method to stop. Re-position your head while you're sleeping, work. In other words. Avoid losing their voice. Not only does snoring reduce your sleep.
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Articles for Get Involved
Sean McPartlin - It all comes round again25 Sep
Cricket Scotland Blogger Sean McPartlin gives us his thoughts on the 2013 season.
Largo's cricketing future is in good hands20 Sep
Largo Cricket Club has reflected on a good 2013 season for its junior players.
Sportscotland Scottish Sports Awards 201319 Sep
Entries for the Sunday Mail and sportscotland Scottish Sports Awards close on 7 October, so nominate your local school or club now!
18 Sep
As the sun sets on another cricket season, the time has come to thank those who have helped Breadalbane Cricket Club participate in the Strathmore Cricket Union this year.
Bass Rock CC Kwik Cricket Festival17 Sep
On Sunday 8th August, Bass Rock CC hosted their first ever Kwik Cricket Festival.
Cricket Society of Scotland - Winter 201311 Sep
Why not follow this by coming to meetings during the winter months at which personalities from the world of cricket come to Glasgow and Edinburgh to address the Cricket Society of Scotland.
05 Sep
Cricket Scotland in partnership with Edinburgh South CC and Poloc CC will be hosting the above courses in 2013.
ASDA Volunteer of the Month 201304 Sep
Cricket Scotland honoured the life blood of their sport yesterday by presenting the recent ASDA Volunteer of the Month Awards and celebrating the contribution of these individuals.
Could Scotland beat Australia...again!?29 Aug
Cricket Scotland writer Neil Drysdale takes a look at the famous match where Scotland beat Australia in 1882 ahead of the One Day International between the two teams this Tuesday.
27 Aug
Over the course of the 2013 season I have been writing a column for the Cricket Scotland website on all the goings on in the East Leagues.


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The big news for iOS 8.4 is Apple Music, but there's a long list of tweaks and fixes to iBooks and more in the latest iOS update.
CNET highlights eight impressive smartphones that showed outstanding battery life in our labs' performance tests.
The Connect feature in Apple Music lets you browse a feed of the artists you follow, and you can even get exclusive content from the artists themselves.
As usual, the scene at this year's E3 video game show was brimming with humanity. From cars to cosplay, check out what our cameras caught on the show floor.
A collection of rare vintage games and accessories from the Videogame History Museum puts this week's forward-looking game news in context.
CNET editor Dong Ngo picks the best solid-state drives (SSDs) currently on the market.
Commentary: Which console maker made the most compelling case for gamers' attention?
Find out which photo-sharing and storage site best suits your needs with this deep dive into the top online photo services.
Forget the guzzoline. This motorcycle collects and stores wind and sun power for a time when fossil fuels will be scarce.
The prepaid brand adds a familiar entry-level Android smartphone to its portfolio.


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In St. Louis, "I wouldn't call it a crisis, but there is a gap," said Jim Watson, chairman of Midwest BankCentre.
Enterprise Financial Services Corp., the parent of Enterprise Bank & Trust, reported net income of $6 million in the fourth quarter, up 65 percent from the same period in 2013.
St. Louis law firm Green Jacobson has closed in the face of a $10.5 million judgment against it in November, its attorney confirmed Wednesday.
"We see continuing and accelerating opportunity for new loans." Bill Jones Jr., Meramec Valley Bank
For a week, our panel of 11 past winners scoured the more than 750 nominations and developed the list below of the 2015 class.
Donors have until Dec. 31 to write a check if they want to take advantage of a tax credit for 2014 that will help defray their state tax burden if they support nonprofit community development corporations.
2014 saw major mergers and acquisitions in Houston's bank scene, with huge out-of-state players eating up community lenders and causing a talent shake up felt by many Houston banks.
Mark Avalos, 49, has pleaded guilty to one felony count of bank fraud related to his work in 2008 as the controller for The Mortgage Store Inc.
Paul Vogel and the investment firm he helped found have reached a settlement agreement with 11 investors in Martin Sigillito's massive Ponzi scheme.
Decision says Shaun Hayes had 'sufficient information' to unmask Ponzi scheme
Still recovering from a brutal economic slide, Arizona's financial experts have plenty to fret about these days — with more worries in the future.
The mission of Justine PETERSEN is to connect institutional resources with the needs of low- to moderate-income families and individuals in order to build assets and create enduring change.
Mutual of Omaha Bank announced hiring 20-year banking veteran Brian Hoban as its new Kansas City market president.
Vogel's investment firm for the "ultra-affluent" was founded by three prominent St. Louis families.
After opening its first totally bilingual branch in February, Enterprise Bank & Trust already needs to expand.


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Hoss is a synonym for huge/buff/boss/big guy; commonly a douchebag; seen a lot in the Badin atmosphere.
Yeah bro! He's such a hoss!
Sacktaviousによって 2010年05月24日(月)
putting in a large dip or chew,chewing tabacco
oh man i could go for a big hoss right now
woodfieldによって 2010年04月28日(水)
A point in time when a person, place, or thing's potential is at its most, and that potential is acted out in a way that causes astonishment, disbelief, or an unpredictable event. It is when the act is completed that they are considered "hoss"
PERSON: Did you see what that guy did? What a hoss!
PLACE: Cancun is a hoss place to go to for spring break.
THING: Katrina was a hoss storm that caused unimaginable carnage.
PLACE: Cancun is a hoss place to go to for spring break.
THING: Katrina was a hoss storm that caused unimaginable carnage.
Wes, Zach, and Jesseによって 2008年11月10日(月)
An alternative word for the substance Ketamine
My mate Jamie loves his hoss
Grandmaster Hossによって 2008年08月20日(水)
An overly large animal.
My dog is a hoss.
Ronnie K Deaによって 2008年08月14日(木)
A large, four-legged mammal bred for riding; First introduced by Spanish Conquistadors in the 15th century.
Get up on that hoss there boy! Now pull em' on over to the stable we gon' brand em' all up!
gitrdunによって 2012年02月05日(日)
1) Someone who is great at anything they attempt.
2)Cristina Elizabeth Mandujano <3
2)Cristina Elizabeth Mandujano <3
I'm a Hoss..
JamminCrameronによって 2011年04月26日(火)


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The public outrage has been based on allegations and the police version that of the six accused named in the Delhi gangrape case, it was the juvenile who inflicted the maximum brutalities on the victim.
Though the first law on protecting children from being prosecuted for having committed a criminal offence was put in place in 1850, constant amendments during the last three decades have compounded the problem.
The 1850 Apprentice Act provided for children in the 10-18 years age group, convicted by courts, to be provided vocational training intended for their future rehabilitation.
The Centre made the first Children Act in 1960 but it was in 1986 that the first central law on juvenile justice came up.
Its definition of juveniles stated :"Juvenile means a boy who has not attained the age of 16 years or a girl who has not attained the age of 18 years."
In 2000 conforming with the United Nations rules, the government raised the age of juveniles to 18 years.
In 2004, the Supreme Court ruled that the age of a juvenile accused of having committed any crime, should be determined by ascertaining it on the day of the alleged crime.
Government officials say it would be better to provide an exception in the existing law that juveniles charged with having committed heinous crime should be tried in a regular court of law.


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WHY DO SCIENTISTS STUDY EARTHQUAKES & EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING? • Over 10,000 lives lost yearly • Hundreds of billions of $ cost • Many of the world's most populated cities are in earthquake zones • *Photo: Christchurch, New Zealand 2010 DOES EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING HELP? 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake, California: 63 Lives Lost/$6 Billion in Damages 1994 Northridge California Earthquake Approx. 60 Lives Lost/ $20 Billion in Damages 1995Kobe Japan Earthquake: 6,400+ Lives Lost/ $100+ Billion in Damages What accounted for the difference in number of lives lost, damages, and costs between the 2 California quakes and the one in Japan? • Kobe: Most structures were built before 1980 (before strict earthquake engineering building codes) and quickly collapsed during shaking. • Northridge and Loma Prieta: Structures built to new codes or retrofitted for earthquakes after a devastating 1972 California quake. EXAMPLES OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING "X" Bracing to reduce lateral force of earthquakes and wind. Trans-Alaska Oil Pipeline: • Built to Withstand 8.5 earthquake • Slides vertically on tracks during earthquake • Withstood 2002 7.9 quake; no damages. Earthquake Engineering Video Clips (youtube) • Base isolation experiment: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MboMuAz RUF0&feature=related • Building Shake Test • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kzVvd4Dk 6sw BUT IT'S NOT JUST ABOUT BUILDING BETTER BUILDINGS…. Earthquake Early Warning System: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MPj-r1YqCKQ TYPES OF EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS: PRIMARY HAZARDS- Direct results on the land & structures from shaking. (1964 Anchorage Quake; 2nd largest quake recorded) SECONDARY HAZARDS (CHAIN REACTION RESULT OF SHAKING: *Ruptured gas lines, Northridge Ca. *Tsunami, Japan) SECONDARY HAZARD LANDSLIDES/DEBRI FLOWS (March 2010- Taiwan) SECONDARY HAZARD: LIQUEFACTION Liquefaction at Christchurch, New Zealand http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-hyOwsl_NY&feature=related YOU WILL NEED: • 1 clear bottle (2 liter soda bottle or other similar clear bottle) • Sand (enough to fill container about ½ way) • Approx. 1 cup of water ( a little extra may be needed) • 1 toy house, car, rock or other small, dense object • Box cutter and/or scissors • Object to tap container (hammer, mallet , large scissors, etc) 1) Cut top off of bottle so that you can fit your hand inside 2) Fill bottle about half full with sand 3) Pour approximately 1 Cup of water into bottle and let it sink in fully (sand should be saturated but with no water floating on top 4) Set small object (toy house/car/rock) on top of sand 5) Put a piece of tape on the outside of the bottle marking the top level of the sand • Holding the bottle with one hand to prevent knocking it over, rapidly tap side of bottle with a hammer or other object near the bottom of the container *you can also use an electric sander to vibrate the bottle What happens? • Water will rise to the top and the object will sink into the sand. This is what happens during an earthquake in areas with a lot of water in the soil. • Also notice how the "ground" level has dropped as the air and water has escaped from beneath the sand • *To repeat the experiment squeeze the bottle so that the water sinks back in (if soil become too compacted; dump into another container and then back into the bottle and press down lightly to make a level surface; more water is usually NOT needed • The substrate (different types of layers of earth) beneath cities is different from place to place. Scientists need to understand how these different substrates react to ground shaking in order to know where there is risk to infrastructure. Test different types of substrate to see which type, mixes, or layers are more unstable in an earthquake (try clay, sand, silt, gravel) SEISMOGRAPH BASICS Left: records horizontal movement Right: records vertical movement NOTE TO ADVISORS: Put seismograph together as instructed on the following slides or have students gather a variety of materials and design their own prototype (try: popsicle sticks, straws, springs, plastic bottles, cardboard, paperclips, wood, misc. hardware…) • INCLUDED IN KIT • NOT INCLUDED: • 1 TWO-INCH BINDER CLIP • 1 FINE TIP MARKER • 1 ROLL DUCT TAPE • 1 PAPERTOWEL TUBE • 2 RUBBERBANDS • 1 SHOEBOX OR BOX OF • 1 ROLL RECEIPT PAPER SIMILAR SIZE • 1 DOWEL OR BAMBOO • TOOLS NEEDED: SKEWER • SCISSORS AND/OR BOX • 1 PLASTIC RULER CUTTER GOAL: Build a prototype that can withstand rigorous shaking and can detect and record even light vibrations STEP 1: Cut an opening on one of the short ends of the shoebox from the top edge to the bottom of the box, as wide as the receipt paper roll. STEP 2: Tape paper-towel tube securely to the short end of the shoebox opposite from the opening that you just cut in step 1. • STEP 3: Using a rubber band, secure the marker perpendicular to the ruler, closer to one end of the ruler. Depending on size of rubber band you may have to make several loops to keep the marker from falling off. • STEP 4: Wrap a piece of duct tape several times around the other end of the ruler. This will help keep if from slipping later when it is attached to the binder clip. • Step 5: Tape the silver metal clasps on the binder clip securely to the paper-towel tube just above the top of the shoe box STEP 6: On each of the long sides of the shoe box, about midway or less from the side with the cut-out window, cut a long vertical slit the width of the dowel/skewer. Make the slit deep enough so that the receipt paper will sit evenly on the dowel/skewer inside the shoebox and will roll easily when pulled STEP 7: Place the dowel/skewer thru the receipt paper roll so that the loose end unrolls from under the roll, not over, and set dowel into the 2 slits on the cardboard box. Pull the loose end out the opening in the shoebox. *You'll need to wrap some tape on the dowel around each side of the receipt paper roll and on the dowel outside of the box to keep it from sliding when in use. STEP 8: Insert the taped end of the ruler into the binder clip by squeezing the paper-towel tube where the metal clasps are taped to the tube. Adjust the marker vertically or horizontally along the ruler as needed so that the tip of the marker is lightly touching the strip of receipt paper in front of the roll. • Have one person pull the loose end of the receipt paper at a slow and steady rate while you shake the seismograph at different magnitudes. You can also tape the device to a desk or small table and shake that instead. • NOTE: If the marker keeps sliding outside of the reciept paper, try taping a piece of cardboard to upper side of the cut-out opening in the cardboard to make it narrower. • NOTE: The weaker/slower the shaking the wider apart the wave crests are; the faster the shaking, the wave crests get closer. (diagram) FURTHER EXPLORATION • This is a horizontal seismograph (the arm swivels horizontally and it measures horizontal movement. Make a vertical seismograph that measures vertical movement. • Design a device that rotates the receipt paper with a small motor. • Create a device that will detect very small vibrations; try paperclips, string, or springs to accomplish this. • Find a way to create different but consistent levels of shaking and use this to study and compare the accuracy and sensitivity of different seismographs. Determine what width of wave crest corresponds to what strength of shaking.
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The invention foresees the labeling of each manufactured good with a digitally verified unique numeric identifier, and a central checking center allowing users to verify the authenticity of a particular cigarette pack or case by means of a cell phone interface. A system of secret key sharing allows secure authentication of each item and prevents code breaking or misuse.
1. A method of marking manufactured items, comprising:
providing a plurality of secret codes to a checking centre and to a production line for the manufactured items;
generating an ID code for each manufactured item;
digitally signing each ID code by means of a secret derived from the plurality of secret codes and known to the checking centre; and
marking each manufactured item with said signed ID code.
2. A method of
3. A method according to
4. A method according to
5. A method according to
6. A method according to
7. A method according to
generating an index relating to the manufacture of one or more items;
transmitting the index to the checking centre;
deriving the secret by a code generator, from the collection of random codes and from the index; and
digitally signing each ID code for each manufactured item with a noise code derived by encrypting a copy of the ID code with the secret.
8. A method according to
9. A method according to
10. A method according to
11. A method according to
12. A method according to
a production site identifier;
a production line identifier;
a code generator identifier;
a product identifier; and
time information.
13. A method according to
14. A method according to
15. A manufactured item marked by the method according to
16. A method of authenticating an item marked according to the method of
transmitting the signed ID code to the checking centre; and
authenticating the signed ID code at the checking centre.
17. A method according to
marking on each manufactured item part of the information contained in the ID code for that item; and
verifying the consistency of information with processed information retransmitted by the checking centre.
18. A method according to
19. A method according to
20. A checking centre for authenticating an item by the method of
21. A system for marking manufactured items comprising
a generator for generating collections of secret codes;
a production line for manufacturing the items to be marked, the production line comprising:
a code generator for generating an ID code for each manufactured item;
a digital signor, for signing the ID codes with a secret derived from the secret codes;
a data transmitter, for transmitting the secret to a checking centre; and
a marker for marking each manufactured item with the signed ID code.
22. A system according to
23. A system according to
24. A system according to
25. A system according to
26. A system according to
27. A system according to
28. A method of authenticating a manufactured item, comprising:
generating a code and signing said code with a digital signature within a code generator;
marking the item with the signed code;
transmitting the signed code to a checking centre over a public network for authentication;
authenticating the digital signature by the checking centre;
retrieving the significance of the code at the checking centre; and
transmitting the significance to a user over the public network.
29. A method according to
30. A method according to
31. A method according to
32. A method according to
33. A method of controlling the volume of manufactured items marked according to the method of
gathering manufacturing volume information at the checking centre; and
providing the manufacturing volume information to a user.
34. A method according to
35. A method of tracking an item marked according to the method of
transmitting the signed ID code to the checking centre;
authenticating the signed ID code by the checking centre; and
retransmitting the tracking information related to the ID code to a user.
36. A method according to
37. A method according to
38. A method according to
39. A method of authenticating manufactured items, comprising marking the items by:
providing a plurality of secret codes to a checking centre and to a production line for the manufactured items;
generating an ID code for each manufactured item;
digitally signing each ID code by means of a secret derived from the plurality of secret codes and known to the checking centre; and
marking each manufactured item with said signed ID code; and
authenticating a manufactured item on request by validating the secret at the checking centre.
40. A system for authenticating manufactured items, comprising:
a system for marking manufactured items comprising:
a generator for generating collections of secret codes;
a production line for manufacturing the items to be marked, the production line comprising:
a code generator for generating an ID code for each manufactured item;
a digital signor, for signing the ID codes with a secret derived from the secret codes;
a data transmitter, for transmitting the secret to a checking centre; and
a marker for marking each manufactured item with the signed ID code; the authentication system further comprising a checking centre for authenticating a manufactured item on request by validating the secret.
This invention relates to the marking, tracking and authentication of goods, in particular, but not exclusively, of packaged goods, for example packs or cartons of cigarettes and other tobacco products. The invention also relates to production control.
Contraband and counterfeiting cause significant loss of revenue to producers of traded goods as well as for national authorities. Moreover, the illegal sale of counterfeited goods of inferior quality is detrimental to the customer and to the manufacturer.
Legally produced goods may also be illegally imported or traded, for example in order to evade taxes or national regulations. It is therefore a major concern in several trade areas to detect and avoid unauthorized parallel import channels.
The problems of contraband and counterfeiting are particularly acute for goods subject to special taxation, like tobacco products. They also exist for many other kinds of traded products carrying a strong brand value, in particular for internationally traded products, such as perfumes, alcohols, watches and luxury goods in general.
It is a major concern of the manufacturers of such products to develop methods for reliably marking genuine products such as to enable the unequivocal identification of non-genuine products and the detection of illegal imports.
It is common practice to identify traded goods by a production code, or serial number, impressed or printed on the package, for example a cigarette pack or carton. Such a code, under certain conditions, enables identification of the production site, and the tracking of the trade chain for a particular item. Such knowledge is useful in identifying smuggled items.
A limitation of this practice is that the interpretation and validation of these production codes can be time-consuming and cumbersome. For example, authentication may require every production code impressed on a manufactured item to be recorded in a database and/or the transfer of a large amount of confidential data from the manufacturing site to a central database. These requirements may jeopardize reliability and safety.
Another limitation of this practice is that the production codes can easily be imitated or cloned. To partially obviate this limitation, it is known to add a covert taggant to the ink used to print the production code on the package. Counterfeit items carrying clones of valid codes can be thus detected by the absence of the covert taggant. The security provided by this method depends entirely on the ability to control the sources and the availability of the taggant.
The present invention aims to address the deficiencies in the prior art approaches described above.
According to the invention, there is provided a method of marking manufactured items, comprising: providing a plurality of secret codes to a checking centre and to a production line for the manufactured items; generating an ID code for each manufactured item; digitally signing each ID code by means of a secret derived from the plurality of secret codes and known to the checking centre; and marking each manufactured item with said signed ID code.
The present invention also provides a method of authenticating an item marked according to the method above comprising transmitting the said signed ID code to said checking centre; and authenticating the ID code at the checking centre.
The invention also provides a system for marking manufactured items comprising: a generator, for generating collections of secret codes; a production line for manufacturing the items to be marked, the production line comprising: a code generator for generating an ID code for each manufactured item; a digital Signor for signing the ID codes with a secret derived from the secret codes; a data transmitter for transmitting the secret to a checking centre; and a marker for marking each manufactured item with the signed ID code.
The invention also provides a method of authenticating a manufactured item, comprising: generating a code and signing said code with a digital signature within a code generator; marking the item with the signed code; transmitting the signed code to a checking centre over a public network; authenticating the digital signature by the checking centre; retrieving the significance of the code at the checking centre; and transmitting the significance to a user over the public network.
A further aspect of the invention resides in a method of controlling the volume of manufactured items marked the marking method above, comprising: gathering manufacturing volume information at the checking centre; and providing the manufacturing volume information to a user.
The invention also provides a method of tracking an item marked by to the marking method above, comprising: transmitting the signed ID code to the checking centre; authenticating the ID code by the checking centre; and retransmitting the tracking information related to the ID code to a user.
Embodiments of the various aspects of the invention have the advantage that marking and authentication can be accessed and interrogated remotely by an ordinary network, such as a land or mobile telephone. The marking and authentication has the further advantage that it may not be violated by counterfeiters. Moreover, the genuineness of a manufactured item on sale can be checked easily, for example within a few seconds at the point of sale.
Embodiments of aspects of the invention have the further advantage that cloned codes and unauthorized code duplications may be identified, and that the production volume, for example of a given manufacturer, manufacturing site or manufacturing line, may be controlled.
Embodiments of aspects of the invention have the further advantage that they may be used to replace the system of fiscal stickers that is used in many countries to collect taxes, for example on tobacco products.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Referring to
If there are two or more production lines, these lines may be physically located at one manufacturing site 10, or at different production centres 10 having various geographical locations.
Each production line comprises a code generator 106 arranged to generate and encrypt an identification code for each item manufactured on the production line 101. The production line 101 also comprises a marker 107. Any suitable marking means may be used such as a continuous inkjet printer, a drop-on-demand inkjet printer, a laser printer, or any other printer or marker that allows the marking of variable information, to impress or print the identification code on each manufactured item. Depending on the nature of the packaging, the identification codes can be impressed on each item, on an external package, on labels or in any other convenient way. In one embodiment, the identification code is printed on adhesive tags, or labels, to be applied to the manufactured items, preferably non-removably.
In one embodiment the identification code is printed by a laser beam on a layer of laser-sensitive material deposited on the item or on the item's package. This method allows the code to be impressed through a transparent wrapping layer.
Other possible supports for the identification code include holographic printing, for example using the HoloSpot� format.
Embodiments of the invention may also include radio, electronic or magnetic recording of the identification code, for example using an RFID transponder, EMID� tags or any other tagging means.
Preferably the system has means to count and report the number of codes generated and printed codes in each production batch or in a given production period, as will now be described in detail. The production lines 101 include a code generation system 106 which generates a unique encrypted identification code SUPI for each item produced. Preferably, the code generation system 106 is a fully autonomous computer or microcontroller dedicated to a particular production line 101. Preferably the code generation system 106 can communicate with a checking centre 30 via a secure internet connection 34, a local central server 15, or any other suitable data communication means.
The checking centre 30 receives and centralizes production data and processes queries from users 80, 70.
In one embodiment of the invention, several levels of packaging, such as packs and cartons comprising several packs, which are manufactured on the same manufacturing line 101, may be marked using common hardware resources.
In one embodiment the code generation system 106 may comprise different or shared software modules, loaded on a computer common to several production lines, and serve several production lines at the same time. The code generation system 106 may be remotely located, for example in the checking centre, and communicate the generated codes to the production lines, as required, by appropriate network means. The code generation system performs a number of functions, as described below, including the generation of ID codes for the items and the signing of those ID codes.
In the embodiment of
To obtain the PIC, the individual data elements can be combined by decimal or binary digit juxtaposition, by algebraic composition, by applying a predefined shift value each data element and adding all the shifted values together, or by any other computational means. Preferably the composition function is invertible, to allow decomposition of the PIC into the original elements MC, PL, YR, DY, I-IR. In the case of a non-reversible composition function, an additional element may be introduced into the PIC to ensure uniqueness.
During each production hour, a production line fabricates a large number of items 43. Each item 43 is identified, within a production hour, by an individual number TI, for example a progressive number corresponding to the chronological production sequence. Other manners of generating or assigning individual numbers are possible.
The production information code PIC and the individual number TI are combined to provide an item identifier UPI. In the following description, each UPI is unique to an item, for example to a single cigarette pack or cigarette carton. However the invention is not limited to this case, and includes variants with non-unique UPI numbers, distinguishable from each other by their different digital signatures.
The structure of the UPI code and the significance of the various fields composing the UPI code are exemplary and are not limiting. Any code suitable as item identifier code, having any arbitrary structure and significance, may be employed in the frame of the present invention.
A pseudorandom noise value code is combined with the UPI to authenticate the code generator 106 that produces the code. The noise value acts as a digital signature for the code marked on each manufactured item produced by a particular manufacturing line 101 applied by the code generator 106 which can be verified by the checking centre 30. To ensure verifiability by the checking centre, the pseudorandom noise code may obtained by encrypting a copy of the UPI code with a secret shared by the code generator and the checking centre. 'Secret' designates any data used for generation or authentication of a digital signature. Other ways of adding a digital signature to the UPI code are possible, for example by using asymmetric cryptography, and are included within the scope of the invention. The secret is derived from secret codes, which may be regarded as static secret codes.
In one embodiment of
In the production lines, 101, 102, the salt matrices are used to generate secret keys used to encrypt the UPI and to generate an electronic signature, as it will be explained later.
To ensure authenticity, confidentiality and integrity of the salt matrix, the matrix is preferably not transferred over a network connection, but rather recorded on non-volatile data carriers 50 such as CD-ROMs (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory), DVD-ROMs (Digital Versatile Disc Read-Only Memory), removable hard disks, magneto-optical devices or any suitable non-volatile memory device. The data carriers are physically transferred to the checking centre 30 and to the production lines 101, 102.
Preferably, to further increase safety, the salt matrices are encrypted and digitally signed by the salt generator 20, using a suitable encryption and authentication technique, such as DES (Digital Encryption Standard), RSA (Rivest, Shamir, and Adelman algorithm), and the like. The salt matrices are not sent to the checking centre as part of the checking process for items as will be discussed.
Preferably, a salt file contains the following components:
In this embodiment, the code generator of every production line 101 must register with the checking centre 30. This registration occurs only whenever a new salt matrix is used, or at prescribed intervals. The system does not require constant communication between the code generators and the checking centre.
The registration procedure comprises the following steps:
The registration procedure is arranged such that the salt matrix is never transferred over the internet. Only a one-use decryption key is transmitted from the checking centre 30 to the code generator 106. The salt matrix is made available to the code generator only after a valid registration with the checking centre. This prevents unauthorized use of the code generator as no valid code can be generated.
Preferably the decrypted salt matrix is deleted when the code generator is put out of service to prevent a malicious user from gaining access to the salt matrix without proper registration. Additional means for disabling the code generator and preventing unauthorized use of the code generator and the production line may be provided. The operation of the code generator 106 will now be described with reference to
At each production line 101, 102 at the beginning of each production batch, the code generator 106 generates a random salt index alpha, which it transmits to the checking centre 30, with various information related to the item to be manufactured such as, for example, brand, intended market of destination, packaging. A new salt index alpha is generated at every change of production batch. Preferably the checking centre acknowledges successful receipt of the index alpha to the code generator. The index alpha may be regarded as a dynamic secret code.
In an embodiment the UPI code of the first item to be produced in the batch is transmitted with the index alpha to the checking centre 30. The salt index alpha is stored in database 31 related to various information about the item to be manufactured. This enables the checking centre 30, upon receipt of a request to check a particular SUPI code, to retrieve the particular alpha and knowing the salt matrix used by the code generator 106 to sign that SUPI code, validate the signature.
The salt index alpha does not need to be communicated in real time to the checking centre 30, at the beginning of each production batch. Once a value of alpha has been chosen, the code generator can immediately start to generate valid codes and the value of alpha can be communicated after a delay of some hours, or more depending on the availability of the network connection.
Backup procedures such as telephone or fax may be used to communicate the alpha to the checking centre, in case the network connection is unavailable. The random salt index alpha, the salt matrix and the UPI code are used by the code generator for generating a noise code (step 301) which is safe from cryptographic attacks. It does not allow the reconstruction of the original values of alpha, salts matrix and UPI. A variety of known techniques are available for generating the noise code including, but not limited to, table substitution, indexing, hashing, and variations thereof. The noise code so generated is unequivocally calculated from the UPI, yet the inverse operation is computationally impossible.
The noise code is used as a digital signature, allowing validation of the UPI code. Preferably the alpha code and the salt matrix are combined in a different way for each manufactured item, in order to render the digital signatures robust against decryption attempts.
The salt matrix and the alpha code are known only by the code generator and by the checking centre. Together they constitute a secret allowing the code generator to generate signed codes which the checking centre can subsequently verify.
The UPI number and the calculated noise code are combined at step 302 and, preferably, the resulting code is obfuscated step 303, destroying correlations between successive codes. The obfuscation operation is reversible, allowing the checking centre to retrieve the original UPI and noise value. Several known obfuscation techniques are possible. The particular obfuscation algorithm chosen is preferably not published.
The result of the obfuscation, is the unique SUPI code, which is printed on the manufactured items by the printer 107. Each of the items 43 is marked with a unique digitally signed SUPI code, allowing identification of the production batch in which it has been manufactured.
Preferably, data relating to the production batch, e.g. product type, brand, intended market of destination, packaging is stored in the database 31 with the index alpha at the start of the batch. This data is accessible to the checking centre. The SUPI code can be printed on the manufactured item by a variety of printing and marking techniques, for example continuous inkjet printing, drop-on-demand printing, laser, etc. The SUPI code may be printed in a human readable format, or a machine-readable formats such as 1-D or 2-D barcodes or characters suitable for OCR (Optical Character Recognition).
Preferably the SUPI code is printed or recorded by a printing or recording means comprising a device such as a code counter or a register, for counting the exact number of marked items, either during a production batch or in a given time interval. The exact number of marked items may be stored in the database 31 accessible to the checking centre and used for production volume control.
In one preferred embodiment, the SUPI code is printed with an ink containing a covert taggant, to allow a quick validity check without querying the checking centre.
The production line 101 may have a sensor to detect the presence of the SUPI (either using a vision system and/or by detecting the covert taggant, if applicable). The sensor can be connected to the controller of the production line, thus enabling the rejection of items not properly marked. The controller can be set to prevent the production line from operating if the sensor unit is disconnected, faulty or on rejection of a defined number of items. A history of rejections may be logged in the Code Generator and communicated to the Checker for monitoring purposes by authorized users. The production information code (PIC code) may be repeated on the manufactured item, in plain format without encryption or obfuscation, allowing the user to verify the answer provided by the checking centre 30 and useful for management and monitoring of the supply chain.
After leaving the production centre 10, the manufactured items 43 are distributed and commercialized in the usual way. At each stage of the distribution and commercialization process, the authenticity of the item can be verified by sending a query containing the SUPI code of the package to the checking centre. Such verification may be requested for example by generic users, such as retailers, consumers, or customs agents, and by privileged users, for example employees of the manufacturers, or organizations having a privileged agreement with the manufacturer. The SUPI codes may also be employed for tracking the manufacturing items along the distribution and commercialization chain.
In a third level of authentication at step 412, the checking centre verifies whether queries for the same SUPI code have been submitted more than a predefined number of times. In this case, there is then a suspicion that the SUPI code may be a clone of a valid code, identically printed on a large number of counterfeits. The checking centre then issues a reply at step 430 specifying, that the submitted code is valid, but the item is likely to be counterfeit.
The discovery of cloned codes can be refined by making use of other information, for example the origin of the query, which can be determined if the query originated from a phone, or the elapsed time between queries.
Here, 'cloning' means multiple copying of a valid production code, for example for tagging counterfeited articles. If the code has been found valid (step 440), the checking centre retrieves the significance of the code and transmits it to the user, preferably in natural language, for example: "your code corresponds to a pack of brand XYZ, intended market of retail Switzerland", or another appropriate formulation.
The information returned by the checking centre may allow the tracking of the production information for each item, for example information about the production unit, the production line, the date and time of production. Such information can be returned in encoded form, or in natural language.
Optionally the checking centre can formulate the significance of the codes into several languages, and choose the most appropriate language for the reply, according to the origin or language of the query. In a preferred embodiment, the public interface to the checking centre includes a SMS (Short Message Service) or USSD (Unstructured Supplementary Services Data) portal 60 of a public radio communication network, for example a telephone network supporting text or numeric messages like GSM, TDMA, CDMA, PDC, or UMTS standard networks, through which the users 80 can send queries to the checking centre 30 in form of text messages, or SMS, from their own cell phone 82, and receive the reply from the checking centre in the same way or by another channel, for example by a voice call. In this way the user 80 can verify an item 43 directly at the point of sale 77.
The communication may alternatively or additionally be over the internet 32 by a web server at the checking centre 30, by an email server or a WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) server.
Alternatively or additionally, the communication may be to a telephone voice server, able to interpret voice commands or DTMF (Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency) signals generated by a telephone keyboard.
Embodiments of the present invention allow a generic unidentified user to authenticate a manufactured item over a public network, such as the internet 32, a telephone network or a mobile telephone network. The user need not identify himself, nor has he to have access to any secret code or sensitive information. However, each item can be identified in a cryptographically safe way.
In a preferred embodiment, a privileged user 70, for example an employee of the manufacturer, may have a preferred access to the checking centre 30 and retrieve additional privileged information, unavailable to generic users, for example production volume information, or statistical information on the access to the checking centre. In this case, a privileged user may query information on a particular SUPI without marking it as cloned for successive queries from ordinary customers 80.
The privileged user may communicate with the checking centre 30 by a public network, or an intranet connection 33.
In a further embodiment the checking centre may provide, to generic or privileged users, additional information to which it has access, which are not contained in the UPI code, for example expiry date, warranty information, address of local support, or previous trade steps, importation routes and so forth.
Additionally the checking centre may gather and store information on production volumes, for example the number of items produced in each production batch by each production line, as well as statistical production data per brand and per intended market. Such production volume information may be used for production management, or for official purpose, and may be available to selected users.
Identification steps may be provided to identifying known privileged users, for example by passwords, cookies, voice or biometric data, or by any suitable identification means. The checker may include, or have access to, a user rights database for storing the profiles of various users, and determining to which information each user has access.
It will be appreciated that embodiments of the present invention do not require a permanent connection between the manufacturing lines and the checking centre, nor that all the SUPIs be individually stored in a database. In fact, no identification code is stored. The digital signature ensures that each item can be verified with a minimal transfer of confidential data, providing a high level of reliability and safety. Moreover production volume can be exactly accounted for. As no identification code is stored at the checking centre, the database required by the checking centre is relatively small compared to that which would be needed if the codes were stored.
In some situations, particularly if the manufactured goods are subject to special tax regulations, official government bodies may submit requests to the checking centre to obtain the appropriate production data, for example production volumes. In such cases, the checking centre 30 may be maintained by a trusted third party independent from the producer of the manufactured items 43. The embodiments described may be used to replace the system of fiscal stickers that is used in many countries to collect taxes, for example on tobacco products.
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Back at school for the winter quarter, Piyush Jain sees the entire mood change as recruiters arrive to campus Read more
© The Financial Times Ltd 2015 FT and 'Financial Times' are trademarks of The Financial Times Ltd.
Back at school for the winter quarter, Piyush Jain sees the entire mood change as recruiters arrive to campus Read more
Taking a break from his studies, Prakhar Gautam describes the other activities available to him Read more
Owen Woolcock attends an event at London Business School to hear NYU professor Thomas Philippon present his latest research Read more
Having finally secured a summer internship, Merih Ocbazghi shares his tips on the interview process Read more
Heading back to the US after her trip to Latin America, Marta Szczerba describes lessons learnt from consulting local businesses Read more
Faced with his first case study exams, Gareth Rees considers the value of certain modules Read more
Meeting the chief executive of Asos is a highlight for Michael Wieder during his first term back Read more
Monica Dee, one of our Asia-based bloggers, ends the holiday season on a high with a charity challenge Read more
When it comes to achieving gender equality in business, Domitilla Ferrari thinks her classmate sets a good example Read more
Planning to study for an MBA? Ask our panel of experts for advice on Wednesday, January 28 2015, from 2-3pm GMT. Register now to participate.
On the panel are:
Submit your questions on the right-hand side of this post.
For more information, take a look at the FT Global MBA 2015 ranking of the top 100 schools.
Philippa Rock asks her classmates to share their experiences of Antarctica, New Zealand, Ecuador, Chile, Colombia and South East Asia Read more
Now in the final three months of her MBA, Jaya Sharma is faced with what alumni call the best part of the business school experience Read more
Victoria Michelotti is impressed by a school forum on racism which makes her think twice about her role in the world of business Read more
After 18 months of studying, Kshitij Gopal, one of our Asia-based bloggers, prepares to re-enter full-time employment Read more
On a visit to Taiwan, Monica Dee considers business ideas that will revive the country's agricultural industry Read more
Before any student can dive into the dynamic world of an MBA, they are faced with a long application process. Months can be spent choosing a programme, filling in forms, writing admissions essays, finding letters of recommendation and taking the GMAT or GRE. So what is the best approach to take? We asked a selection of FT MBA bloggers to share their advice:
Merih Ocbazghi, Kellogg School of Management: "The most difficult part of the process for me was the time between submitting the application and hearing back from the schools. This can be an incredibly nerve-wracking period as it feels like your entire future hangs in the balance. What helped me was to return (briefly) to my pre-application lifestyle. Reunite with those friends that you had to neglect due to studying for the GMAT, rekindle that hobby of yours that you didn't have time for anymore. The worst thing you can do is spend too much time trying to put yourself in the admissions officers' shoes – this will likely drive you crazy which is not a good situation for anyone." Read more
With her first semester complete, Philippa Rock returns to England to catch up with friends then finds time to go on a school ski trip Read more
Before starting his second year of business school, Omar Khan reflects on the highlights of his first year Read more
Marta Szczerba describes a school trip to Argentina, where she is being teamed with five classmates to work on a consulting project Read more
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Through the end of January, motorsports fans and riders in the Portland, Oregon, area will be able to see the evolution of Ducati motorcycles with their own eyes thanks to an effort by MotoCorsa. The motorcycle retailer has been transformed into an exhibit that displays more than 30 bikes from six decades of Ducati history. The […]
Evolution Of Ducati Bikes On Display At MotoCorsa
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Ducati Reaches New Heights In 2012
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It has been a good 12 months for Ducati. The company recently announced that it achieved its highest ever sales in 2012, selling more than 10,000 motorcycles in North America. This number marks the tenth consecutive quarter of growth for the Italian manufacturer. The increase was led by sales in the U.S. and Canada, which […]
Tour The Best Of Italy On Motorcycles
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Bruce Willis' Ducati Brings In $6,250 For Charity
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Motorcycle Maniac: 2012 Ducati Monster 796 – Sheer Power For The Modern Rider
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- Music
- 3719 Walnut Street, Denver, CO, 80205
BSB Now Playing | Two Tone Wolf Pack & Special Guest
Black Shirt Brewing Co
Monday, October 28, 2013 from 6:00 PM to 9:00 PM (MST)
Come join us for an evening of music, beer, and food. This time we have invited Denver band Two Tone Wolf Pack and a special guest to play our intimate concert setting. Doors open at 6:00 pm, with the show starting close to 7:00 pm. In addition, we'll have 8 unique and delicious Red Ales on tap and Tot's Truck will be serving great food - http://www.totstruck.com/. We hope to see you!
About Two Tone Wolf pack: Two Tone wolf Pack is early 20th century imagery and idealism manifested in a trashcan-americana quartet, lending a rowdy voice to the working class, to the back woods, to the dark and hidden. http://twotonewolfpack.bandcamp.com/
Check out the rest of the series here:
****Must bring printed receipt and have your ID ready*****
Black Shirt Brewing Company is known for making bold moves. Red Ales, black shirts, and now, an outdoor stage unlike anything you've ever seen. With an ambitious summer concert lineup to go with, "The Backyard" at Black Shirt Brewing Co has found itself at the forefront of emerging Denver music venues.
For those who know Black Shirt, it's no surprise that they are opening an official concert venue in their backyard. They are co-founders and producers of the Colorado concert TV show, Now Playing, and frequently create special beers for local bands who inspire their craft. Black Shirt has always been committed to providing a venue that serves both music and craft beer lovers. The Backyard Stage is where it finally all comes together.
3719 Walnut St, Denver, CO | 303-993-2799
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text:
Avon- status quo PRO
Original recipe yields 9 servings
Amount per serving ({{servings}} total)
Based on a 2,000 calorie diet
Ready In
Made Avon's recipe before AR published it. I used what I had in the house, Aunt Jemima Lite Syrup and Light Fat Free Peach Yogurt. The steel cut oatmeal soaked for 30 minutes by the time I got m...
I made this when it was first shared and have made it several times since. I have found that for us, I use all whole wheat pastry flour and skip the AP, so I add an additional 1/4 cup of plain ...
made this yesterday, had company for supper so I wowed them-somthing new was needed. No pressure put on Avon at all. I whipped this together, the smell as it baked was heavenly. I had the window...


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Arlen Specter's Sad, Bitter, Goodbye Speech, Reeks of Arrogance
Today Arlen Specter said goodbye to the Senate, and in doing so he showed himself to be a bitter, defeated old man. I suppose such is the fate of political opportunists. Ironically he devoted part of his speech to bashing the "right wing" voters who seek to back candidates whose Conservatism was pure. Specter's career was all about the exact opposite of ideological purity. Specter is the guy who changed political parties twice, in order to save his political career.
Its very interesting to watch the nine-year-old CSPAN Booknotes interview of Arlen Specter (see video above). The Pennsylvania Senator discusses his switch from Democrat to Republican in 1965. When Specter ran for Philadelphia district attorney in 1965, he proudly proclaimed himself a "Kennedy Democrat," and said he was running as a Republican to take on what he saw as the corruption of the machine. To be honest, it was his only chance to keep the job.
Last year Specter changed parties because of what he called a movement of his Republican party to the right.: In truth: he made the move to have a shot at keeping his job.: Very little has changed about Specter in the intervening 45 years. He makes no qualms about having an ideology. The guy just wants a job.
Today Specter railed against the Tea Party,"Eating or defeating your own is a form of sophisticated cannibalism," Specter said about the Tea Party movement's backing of conservative GOP candidates in this year's elections.
He made: comments about the election losses of what he called: GOP centrists and moderates, such: friend Sen. Robert Bennett of Utah and Rep. Mike Castle of Delaware. Both were denied the GOP nominations in their states this year by Tea Party candidates and pointed to GOP Sen. Lisa Murkowski, who successfully mounted a write-in campaign as an example of how candidates can "counter right-wing extremists."
What Specter doesn't understand today and what he hadn't understood during the last few years of his Senate career, is that he didn't lose his support in the GOP because of "right-wing extremists" Neither did Robert Bennett, Mike Castle or Lisa Murkowski. They lost because more people wanted someone else.: You see that's the part of the equation arrogant politicians such as Specter and his friends named above keep forgetting. They don't work for a party, nor a political movement, they work for the people. And its those people who decide who wins and who loses.: Specter lost because he stopped listening to the people, and they threw him out on his arse.
A video of Specter's bitter speech is below:
Jeff Dunetz is editor of the Political Blog The Lid, a contributor to American Thinker, Big Government,Big Hollywood,Big Journalism, and Big Peace.
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Facebook62.5kTwitter74Email1 Considering how often we see horrific stories of animals being abused and murdered by sadistic monsters, it's a nice break to see the often unnoticed acts of kindness towards...Read More
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text: Investor Roundtable Video: Investor Roundtable: Is Ottawa getting too involved in Canadian business? Add to ... The Globe and Mail Published Tuesday, Nov. 20, 2012 6:32PM EST Last updated Wednesday, Nov. 21, 2012 8:41AM EST The Roundtable team dissects the barriers companies have faced recently when trying to close takeover deals Watch More Video: Greek negotiator says bailout offer was easy to refuse Facebook unveils subtle changes to its logo Whole Foods CEOs apologize for overcharging Countdown on to Greek vote Vancouver housing heats up, but it's not too hot to handle Market Call Tonight: Top Picks from Middlefield Group's Andy Nasr Canadian bank stocks underperform in first half of year Is China a bubble about to burst? Potash Corp. wants face time with K+S Blaming 'foreign puppets' for China's stock markets rout Plan now to avoid a financially-uncertain retirement Another Sears Canada CEO out: A turnaround plan is long overdue BP settles U.S. oil spill claims for $18.7 billion K+S rejects $8.6B takeover proposal by Potash Corp. U.S. adds 223,000 jobs in June Creditors to Greece: No more talks until after referendum Strike begins at nine Loblaw-owned stores Athens is 'like winter,' say local business owners Bull vs. Bear: Should you give your kids an allowance? Market Call Tonight - Top Picks Comments AA More Related to this Story Telecom Video: BCE, Astral try again Market View Video: Market View: CNOOC accepts Canadian government's Nexen conditions Policy Video: Ottawa vows to clarify rules on foreign investment


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Top Puzzles and Games for Christmas
Top Puzzles and Games for Christmas 2014 from Overstock.com. Need fun gift ideas? You'll want to make sure to add a few of these games and puzzles to your Christmas shopping list.
Enjoy friendly competition on the go with this portable Chinese checkers game. The wooden game board doubles as a storage box, keeping the hand-painted pegs secure when not in use. Thanks to the included instructions, you can get started right away.
ITEM#: 13324596Compact and light, this handmade Chinese checkers game set is the perfect travel companion for that next family vacation. The board for the game features a handsome natural wood finish, and the pieces have been hand-painted.
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Got this as a gift. Arrived quickly and product and packiaging in good conditionRead More
Top Puzzles and Games for Christmas 2014 from Overstock.com. Need fun gift ideas? You'll want to make sure to add a few of these games and puzzles to your Christmas shopping list.
Best Types of Games to Play as a Family from Overstock.com. Playing games as a family strengthens relationships and creates fun memories. Choose from our wide selection of games and puzzles to play.
Shop and save on hot toys for boys and girls. Overstock.com has the most popular toys for Christmas 2014.
Gift Enhancers from Overstock.com. Don't be left disappointed with an incomplete gift! Shop for the batteries, memory cards, TV mounts, and cell phone accessories you need to complete every gift this Christmas.
Tips on Play Date Etiquette from Overstock.com. Play dates are excellent for little children to develop social skills. Here's how to help it go smoothly.
Top Christmas 2014 Toys for Girls from Overstock.com. The best toys for girls will stimulate her imagination, help with her development, keep her entertained, and inspire her, too.
Top Christmas 2014 Toys for Boys from Overstock.com. Are you looking for the hottest toys for Christmas? Be sure to put a few of these top toys on your shopping list.
Top Toddler Toys for Christmas 2014 from Overstock.com. The best toddler toys will help your young children explore their world and expand their imaginations. Here's what to get your toddler for Christmas.
Tips on Finding the Best Toys for Your Child from Overstock.com. A few simple observations can help you find the perfect toy for your son or daughter.
5 Fun Summer Activities for Kids from Overstock.com. Here are five fun ideas to keep your kids busy and happy this summer.
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Dunn strikes kickstart U19s
Young Surrey fast bowler Matthew Dunn impressed as England Under-19s forged a useful position on the opening day of the first youth Test against Sri Lanka at Northampton.
Dunn, who played for England in the ICC Under-19 World Cup last winter, claimed 4-50 as Sri Lanka compiled 287 after being asked to bat by England captain Azeem Rafiq.
Only Kithuruwan Vithanage, with 52, posted a half-century, but there were useful contributions throughout the order from the tourists, who were able to add 114 for the last four wickets to frustrate England.
After seamer Lewis Gregory took three middle-order wickets, Denuwan Rajakaruna and captain Chathura Peiris provided late resistance with stubborn 40s.
When Sri Lanka were finally dismissed in the evening, Joe Root and 16-year-old Daniel Bell-Drummond negotiated England through the final three overs to 14 without loss.
England handed Under-19 debuts to four players in this first of two Tests - Gregory (Somerset), Bell-Drummond (Kent), Jacob Ball (Nottinghamshire) and Adam Rouse (Hampshire).


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August 1, 2002. Foxe Basin separates Baffin Island (right) from Nunavut Canada (left) and is separated from the Hudson Bay by Foxe Channel (bottom). Toward the middle right edge of the Basin is Prince Charles Island.Prominent in the image are large amounts of melting sea ice that create peculiar patterns and textures. Many of the islands and shorelines seem to have glowing turquoise haloes. Most of the haloes are due to sediment and silt in the water reflecting sunlight, but some farther out in the water is likely due to the presence of phytoplankton, which thrive in cold, nutrient-rich waters such as these. The chlorophyll in the phytoplankton reflect the sunlight and appear blue-green in color
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Jacqueline Bisset to be Honored With Career Achievement Prize by Locarno Fest
The "Rich and Famous" actress will participate in the festival's ambitious retrospective of the work of "My Fair lady" director George Cukor.
ROME -- The Locarno Film Festival will present actress Jacqueline Bisset with a lifetime achievement honor ahead of the Piazza Grande screening of George Cukor's drama Rich and Famous, which stars Bisset as one of two college roommates struggling to maintain their friendship after graduation.
The screening is part of the Cukor retrospective already announced for the August 7-17 festival. Rich and Famous, made in 1981, was the final film in Cukor's 50-year career.
STORY: Locarno Film Festival to Honor Werner Herzog
As part of its homage to the 68-year-old Bisset, the festival will also screen Under the Volcano, the 1984 pre-war thriller directed by John Huston. Bisset plays the ex-wife seeking to repair her relationship with the protagonist, played by Albert Finney.
Bisset will also participate in a discussion about her career with Locarno filmgoers.
"Jacqueline Bisset is not only an extraordinary actress by virtue of her performances in the roles she has played, but is also a cinema icon, combining grace with beauty, reminding us how effective nuance is in creating a character," first-year Locarno artistic director Carlo Chatrian said in a statement.
Festival organizers said that actress Anna Karina will also attend the festival, where she will introduce another of Cukor's films, the 1969 romantic drama Justine, where Karina played the title role.
The 66-year-old festival will screen Cukor's entire body of work, including My Fair Lady, which won him an Oscar in 1965. The retrospective will include discussions on the impact of the director's work from an array of expert filmmakers, actors, and critics.
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Though we can all look back to a time when people were born and raised in one town or one state, the reality is that today's society is both national and transient in nature. People work for national companies, with multiple locations. Job transfers to new areas of the country are a fact of modern day employment and the 21st century economy. People no longer stay put in one location. Aside from employment situations, people with children may have other reasons to move from Colorado, such as acceptance into an out of state university, military reassignment, or a desire to just be closer to a family support network somewhere else. When families or couples are together or intact, these moves are just part of life and everyone jointly rolls with the changes to come. However, things can be entirely different, and moving can be much more difficult, for people either going through an initial Colorado custody or divorce case, or those wanting to move at some point after final orders are entered. As a basic premise, one must keep in mind that obtaining court permission to move pre-decree or pre-final orders can be a much easier proposition than seeking to move at some point in the future after the initial phase of a case is done.
Prior to the entry of final orders in a Colorado custody case, or divorce with children, both parents have equal rights to children and there is no specific law, per se, that prohibits one party from just packing up and moving with the children. However, once a family law case involving children is filed, Colorado statute, either Colorado Revised Statutes section 14-10-107 or 14-10-123, precludes people from leaving the state with the children while the case is pending, absent agreement from the other party or an order of the court. If a case has not yet been filed and one parent moves from Colorado with the children, there is no statutory violation under sections 107 or 123. That being said, our courts, depending on the circumstances, have the power to order the party who left with the children prior to a case being filed to return them to Colorado. This might occur in situations in which a party just left Colorado with the children, absent an agreement or notice to the other party, and the other party timely files an emergency motion requesting their return. In such instances, the court may look at how long the party and children have been gone prior to filing, whether the other party knew of their whereabouts, or other logical factors tying into whether it is in the children's best interest to come back.
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If STID was a SNW submission... (SPOILERS)
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May 29 2013, 03:15 AM
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Location: 2112 Rivendell, Xanadu. In the Lakeside Park Subdivisions on the beautiful Bacchus Plateau
Re: If STID was a SNW submission... (SPOILERS)
It was just marketing to pique the interest of movie-goers. Seems like it might have backfired on him though.
It did backfire on him with me. I have said loud and often that I refuse to give Abrams a dime if he reboots an episode, especially if he brought back Khan.
I get that he rebooted the series. I applaud him for that. But why retell an old story?
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Editor's Note: What follows is a letter sent by Mr. Bozell to Comcast Chairman Brian L. Roberts earlier today.
Dear Mr. Roberts,
By now, you are well aware of the Media Research Center's (MRC) concerns with MSNBC. Last week, I wrote letters to both you and Mr. Griffin asking for Ed Schultz's termination because of highly controversial and deplorable comments he routinely makes about women and conservatives. Yesterday, I posted an open letter to Mr. Griffin about equally controversial and appalling comments made by Al Sharpton; comments that are blatantly racist and xenophobic, and which in one instance led to the death of an innocent bystander.
Because of these well documented instances of unacceptable comments made by both Sharpton and Schultz, I have called for their termination. I have also called for Mr. Griffin to resign as president of MSNBC. In my March 15 letter I called on you to clean house at MSNBC.


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April 8, 1921 — Feb. 25, 2008
NORWALK — Ray Wetzel, 86, of Norwalk, died suddenly at home Monday.
He was born April 8, 1921 in Milan, son of Peter and Maddie (McKenzie) Wetzel. He attended school in Milan.
He worked for Landmark, delivering feed to local farmers. He married Mamie (Shingleton) Wetzel on May 18, 1957 and she preceded him in death in February 1991. He married his second wife, Betty, on Aug. 21, 1993 and she survives him.
As one of Jehovah's Witnesses, he enjoyed attending Christian meetings, studying the scriptures and sharing his Bible-based beliefs with others.
He was known as a happy and generous man who was always willing to lend a hand. He also loved children. His hobbies included fishing, playing cards and putting together puzzles. In his younger years, he loved dancing and was a regular visitor at the Cedar Point ballroom.
He will be dearly missed by all who knew him.
In addition to his wife Betty, he is survived by his stepchildren and their spouses, Gary and Margie Kerr of Mount Vernon, Ky., Rita Kerr of Ashland, Martha and Luis Miranda of Tempe, Ariz., Paul and Beth Kerr of Utica, and Deborah and Tim Wozniak of Sandusky; a sister-in-law, Verna Wetzel; numerous step-grandchildren, nieces, nephews, step-nieces and step-nephews; and siblings of his first wife, Sud and Mildred Bartlett of Sebring, Fla., Sylvia Hovatter of Norwalk, Raymond Shingleton of Norwalk and Ella Mae Pritt of Springfield.
In addition to his parents and first wife, he was preceded in death by his twin brother, Roy Wetzel; a stepson, Dennis Kerr; and nine siblings of his first wife.
Friends may call from 4 to 6 p.m. Friday at Walker Funeral Home, 98 W. Main St., Norwalk, where a memorial service will take place at 6 p.m. with William Morr, an elder in the English Norwalk Congregation of Jehovah's Witnesses, officiating. Private burial will take place in Woodlawn Cemetery, Norwalk.
Memorial gifts may be sent to the English Norwalk Congregation of Jehovah's Witnesses, 37 Cline St., Norwalk, Ohio 44857.


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