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Rated 3.3 out of 5 by 509 reviewers.
Rated 5 out of 5 by DesMoines Friendly I have never written a review for a hotel before even though I stay in about 40-50 hotels per year across the Midwest. But, the staff at your hotel was excellent! Example: I was standing in the coffee line and the lady in front of me told me to go first because I was the guest and she work s at the hotel. She didn't feel obligated to do this but gave the feeling that she wanted to. Friendly front desk.....I even got a shoe shine and had a good experience. Thank you for being a hotel that other should strive to be!!! February 22, 2013
Rated 5 out of 5 by bship Stay every week. And enjoy it. I stay where every week and enjoy it. It's nice and quiet even when there are hundreds of cheerleaders the noise is just fine. There are railroad tracks close by, but I have not lost any sleep over it. February 22, 2013
Rated 2 out of 5 by Lindsey Bought This, Received That! Uncertain when the flickering bathroom light would burn out, completely. Not certain about the holes in the wall from a removed monitor that had once lived there; could hear through the walls of the guests next door talking entire stay; very small bathroom space and the door span only accommodates small to very small people. I like walking but finding that there was no ice on 1 of 2 floors listed, both days stay - necessitated I get dressed to walk up 2 flts of stairs or stand and wait and wait on an elevator - had some time demands to meet so it was not convenient. Walking to the nearby convention center was the only convenience I found helpful. February 18, 2013
Rated 4 out of 5 by MAPSPG Hotel Has Great Service and eager desire to make our stay exceptional We stayed for two nights and the staff was always willing to make things right. Anywhere from suggesting a crib be placed in the rm for our 16mo old to correcting a blip on the sytem that had us checking out one day early. Thnks to the staff for making our stay enjoyable and productive. February 18, 2013
Rated 5 out of 5 by Kristinfrade Great service They came and unstopped our toilet fast! February 15, 2013
Rated 3 out of 5 by Jayde88 Hotel is acceptable for Sheraton Stayed for business and will continue to stay for next few months at least. Valet service was friendly but front desk/guest services - many times called without response. Took 3 times to get packages retrieved from bellhop. Twice was told someone would check and nothing happened. Since I often call for valet it's frustrating to have no response. February 15, 2013
Rated 5 out of 5 by 4MATTB great comfortable stay spacious room, very comfortable beds, February 15, 2013
Rated 3 out of 5 by Billy13 Not ready Upon getting my room, noted that there was no soap, no iron board, and toilet paper holder falling off the wall. Notified staff, asking for iron board and soap. No soap was delivered when i returned to the room as such had to ask again. Would appear that staff is not checking the room prior to checking off that it is ready, in addition the rooms look to be in need of maintenance. Other than that staff was very pleasant and attentive. February 13, 2013
Rated 4 out of 5 by harley4 check in I resered a king bed and when we checked in all of the rooms with king beds were already occupied and we had to get a room with 2 beds. I was traveling for business however my husband was staying with me and we were going to make a mini vacation out of it. February 12, 2013
Rated 2 out of 5 by Jennifer1974 Nice perks, poor service Loved the indoor pool and hot tub...was great to retire to after a cold & rainy day. Only problem was service. was going to order breakfast, but there was no menu in room.....there was a breakfast order card, to hang on door; but it was already filled out by the previous guest...which led me to believe that the room had not been properly cleaned. Called room service, no answer....called front desk for service and nobody ever called back or came. Eventually ordered pizza, from Donimoes and took elevator down to pick up a corkscrew for a botlle of wine we had to leave to buy (after waiting an hour for the corkscrew to be brought up). Also, we had to take turns in from of the mirror, as there was only room for one to use the bathroom mirrow and a full lenght mirror in room. (we had 2 moms and 2 competitive cheerleaders trying to get ready...would have been nice to have a larger mirror or another in room. (It was apparent that there was once another where the t.v. was hanging on the wall above the dresser. ) Also, with one valet on staff...for a weekend that they had wedding banquets also going on in the hotel and cheer comepetitions across the street.....the wait was unforgivable. Too much money for such treatment. Not what we expected from a luxury hotel. February 11, 2013
Rated 5 out of 5 by Timothy Nice room I have a problem with the bathroom. A shower with out a curb, only a hand held shower and a wall hung lavatory. I thought the bathroom was not well thought out. Plenty of room for making it a nice comfortable bathroom. Everything else was excellent. Thank you February 11, 2013
Rated 2 out of 5 by JoeG Noisy, noisy Ok....no fridge....thin walls....you can hear everything going on in the next room including the conversation . At 230 in the morning we were awaken by a bunch of drunk women who stayed in the hall until 4am, even though staff asked them to go to their rooms. For this price you expect much more than we got. I would rather have stayed someplace else then drove over and found parking. I wouldn't stay there again unless it was free! February 10, 2013
Rated 3 out of 5 by JDW1 Average - Front desk was courteous. I am new to the Starwood Rewards program and did not have my card. I was unfamiliar with the ammenities associated with my program level however I was not told what these ammenities were. I had thought that I was entitled to concierge level services however I had to ask for them to be added to my key access. February 10, 2013
Rated 3 out of 5 by madmacs0101 Small stuff matters There was a lack of attention to details that made my stay more of an effort to have to reach out to filling the gaps, I am not accustom to this at this price point. 1. No regular coffee in my room for 3 day, decaf only, nobody drinks decaf, they should have to request decaf, not regular coffee drinkers needing to beg for regular coffee. 2. Ice bucket with a hole in it and bag liners with holes in them, every morning there was water all over the desk and the floor. 3. No glasses in the rooms, only flimsy plastic cups. You charge $12 for a shot of whiskey in the bar and I have to drink out of a crappy plastic cup in my room. 4. Did not change the sheets for an entire week. Like I said, not big stuff, but the small things that make the difference. Overall, not a bad hotel and the front desk staff pretty good, especially a new guy name Cody who went out of his way to assist me in bringing my packages into the hotel from the convention center. Above and beyond, Thanks, Chuck February 7, 2013
Rated 1 out of 5 by Disappointed DISAPOINTED very disappointed in my recent stay. traveling on business for 7 nights. restuarant was terrible, maid replenished soap, shampoo, coffee 1 time the entire trip, etc. will not stay here again. February 6, 2013
Rated 4 out of 5 by SB123 This hotel was great We had a great stay, the staff was very professional and the hotel was clean. Great location, close to all the fun restaurants and events. Thank you, we will be back!! February 4, 2013
Rated 4 out of 5 by K2222222 Room Service Sunday morning We had a problem in a previous stay thought it would get better. We only had a one hour wait this time not a two and a half hour wait the last time. February 4, 2013
Rated 2 out of 5 by Katie Needs Improvement I've stayed at a lot of Sheraton's - this is not your typical Sheraton. There was writing on the wall in my room, I counted (3) holes in the wall and you can hear everything happening in the hallway and rooms around you. Not the quality you would expect. January 31, 2013
Rated 4 out of 5 by Kimmpro Staff was great! The staff was great! One particular gentlemen was more helpful and friendly then I would have ever expected. January 29, 2013
Rated 5 out of 5 by Connie This Hotel has Geat Customer Service The staff was incredible my hats off to them as I am huge on customer service. Very friendly not to mention the well kept rooms. Thank you so much for making my stay a wonderfully pleasant one. I would definitely recommend this to anyone. The price was very reasonable as well. Thank you again. January 29, 2013
Rated 5 out of 5 by Ross44 Great experience The hotel was wonderful and accomodating January 28, 2013
Rated 2 out of 5 by Maggmay Hotel location/staff This hotel was located in a great area for the Metroplex challenge. Very convenient walking distance. I had a good and bad experience here. When I was put in a room directly in contact with the elevators and asked to be moved due to noise the next morning, the staff did not hesitate to move me to a quieter room down the hall. However I left the hotel upset because of an incident with the cleaning staff. We travel quite a bit for gymnastics and it seems common knowledge that in a hotel if you hang your towel the cleaning staff needs to leave it, not only to be a greener hotel but in case not enough towels are given. I hung a towel on a hook behind the bathroom door which was where I also hung my daughters favorite bathing suit and the cleaning staff took the towel along with the bottoms of my daughters bathing suit but the top was left on the same hook. The staff said they would try and locate the bottoms but I still have not heard anything. I was disappointed that the towel was taken in the first place and that the cleaning staff was not more careful. I am waiting to hopefully hear back and if I do not would really like compensation on the bathing suit. They are not cheap and this one was a young girl's favorite, hard to replace. I felt bad for her and she wanted to go swimming that evening and the next morning but could not. This just left us with a bad experience at this hotel. January 28, 2013
Rated 3 out of 5 by Angus Rooms need improvement Rooms need improvement and when you bring it to the attention of the staff still nothing is done...We stayed at the same hotel two years ago and the same problems existed and gave a list to the girls when I checked out as well as yesterday and most still existed...They are doing the go green and give you points if you go with it...you need to give it up and clean the rooms,make sure enough fresh linens and glasses in the room...I don't reuse glasses or linens at home so why would I do it paying $200.00 a night. January 28, 2013
Rated 3 out of 5 by mabper lack of communication I was told I could pay in cash so I withdrew the money from my account but when I got there they wouldn't accept it with out charging a potion to my card anyway. Who doesn't accept cash it put me in a bind. They need to at least communicate proper information January 27, 2013
Rated 2 out of 5 by Danny Housekeeping I left some eyeglasses in room. After several attempts to tcontact housekeeping, I left several messages. No one ever returned my call! Very unprofessional. January 22, 2013
Rated 3 out of 5 by brian The restaurant needs work Overall, the hotel isn't bad. The rooms were decent and clean. However, the restaurant and bar were very below average. The food was out right not good. We ate there out of convenience a couple of times, but were disappointed every time (and I don't consider myself very picky). Competitors in the area have much more to offer in this area. I think my colleagues would choose a different hotel next time based on restaurant/bar food and atmosphere. January 22, 2013
Rated 1 out of 5 by Houston21 Overpriced versus the quality and value of service The evening front desk staff that checked us in was not helpful in resolving rooming issues that we had. The lady who checked us in kept telling me I had 2 rooms when I showed her my printed confirmation showing I only had 1. She told me should couldn't help me & they were going to charge me & I need to call an 800 #. I don't understand this when I showed her my printed confirmation that the Sheraton hotel sent me via email that I only booked 1 room. She didn't want to be bothered by trying to help me not be double charged for a room I didn't book. When we ordered room service it took them 3 trips to bring all of our food. The 1st time they delivered they forgot 2 entree's we ordered. When they came up the 2nd time they only brought 1 of the 2 dinners missing. They finally brought our last meal the 3rd trip. The valet didn't have enough workers. We along with several other people had to wait over an hour at the valet stand to for the valet people to bring our car around. The 1st night we stayed there housekeepimg forgot to clean our room, so we didn't have fresh towels, toilet paper, etc.. I had to call the front desk 4 times over a 6 hour period to finally get someone to clean our room late that evening. Overall not a great experience from any department at this hotel. The facilities/rooms are nice they just need better training for the staff and need to increase staff on weekends when they are aware of the hotel will be fully booked. It looked like all departments had a skelaton crew when the hotel was fully booked at capacity. I never saw more than 2 workers at a time a the valet stand. They only had 1 guy on staff that could drive the shuttle & when we needed a ride they said the only 1 person who can drive the shuttle was on break. It seems obvious that you need more than 1 person trained to drive your shuttle when your hotel is fully booked. Thanks January 22, 2013
Rated 4 out of 5 by psa1964 Good business choice Found a reasonable (within federal lodging allowance) rate in downtown Fort Worth, otherwise a pretty pricey place. Convenient to TRE from/to DFW and Molly Trolley (from 10a to after 8p). Large room with all amenities. Friendly staff. We used hotel shuttle a couple of mornings before 10a to reach a meeting venue eight blocks away. Oddly, cable TV did not receive either PBS or MSBNC. January 20, 2013
Rated 1 out of 5 by timmyros20 Needs improvement Every time I order room service I get charged a $1.00 for making the call. There is such a large gap between the floor and bottom of the door and the connecting room next to my room as so loud I was woken up several times. Also there is a strong smell. January 19, 2013
Rated 5 out of 5 by kama10 This hotel has great features Our stay at this hotel was excellent! Room was spacious and very clean. Staff is very friendly and very accommodating. We would definitely highly recommend this hotel. January 16, 2013


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You couldn't ask for a more central location for luxury than this plush 5-star joint, right on the main square from which it takes its name. The completely renovated 18th century building was formerly seven separate properties, which is why the floors appear to be on random levels connected by short flights of stairs (there are several lifts, so accessing anywhere is no problem). At the heart of hotel is a beautiful conservatory and the reception rooms are in a stone cellar. Each of the 28 rooms is uniquely decorated, and while all have modern fittings, they still reflect the period grandeur of the building itself. Bathrooms for example are ultra-modern, but come with marble washbasins.
Place d'Armes 18, Luxembourg City, L1136, Luxembourg
Website: www.hotel-leplacedarmes.com
Hotel Details:
No Thanks

subset: commoncrawl


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Book your room at International Palms Resort Orlando
Standard Room, 1 King Bed, Accessible, Non Smoking ( Tub)Max Occupancy: 2 guests (up to 1 child, 1 infant)
Deluxe Room, 1 King Bed, Non Smoking, TowerMax Occupancy: 4 guests (up to 3 children, 1 infant)
Standard Room, 1 King Bed, Non Smoking (Interior Corridor)Max Occupancy: 3 guests (up to 2 children, 1 infant)
Double Room, 2 Double Beds, Non Smoking, Pool ViewMax Occupancy: 4 guests (up to 3 children, 2 infants)
Standard Double Room, 2 Double Beds, Non Smoking (Exterior Corridor)Max Occupancy: 4 guests (up to 3 children, 2 infants)
Double Room, 2 Double Beds, Accessible, Non Smoking ( Tub)Max Occupancy: 4 guests (up to 3 children, 3 infants)
Deluxe Double Room, 2 Double Beds, Non Smoking, TowerMax Occupancy: 5 guests (up to 4 children, 2 infants)
Standard Room, 1 King Bed, Accessible, Non Smoking ( Tub)Max Occupancy: 2 guests (up to 1 child, 1 infant)
Standard Room, 1 King Bed, Non Smoking (Exterior Corridor)Max Occupancy: 2 guests (up to 1 child, 1 infant)
Standard Double Room, 2 Double Beds, Non Smoking (Exterior Corridor)Max Occupancy: 4 guests (up to 3 children, 2 infants)
Standard Double Room, 2 Double Beds, Non Smoking (Interior Corridor)Max Occupancy: 5 guests (up to 4 children, 2 infants)
Premium Double Room, 2 Double Beds, Non Smoking, Pool ViewMax Occupancy: 5 guests (up to 4 children, 2 infants)
Get an overview of this hotel3-star family-friendly resort, walk to Wet 'n Wild
This family-friendly Orlando resort is located near the airport, within a 10-minute walk of Titanic the Experience and Wet 'n Wild. Universal Studios Florida® and I-Drive 360 are also within 3 mi (5 km).
Resort Features
Along with 2 restaurants, this resort has an outdoor pool and a health club. Free WiFi in public areas, free self parking, and a free theme park shuttle are also provided. Additionally, a fitness center, a bar/lounge, and a poolside bar are onsite.
Room Amenities
All 652 rooms provide conveniences like refrigerators and microwaves, plus room service and TVs with satellite channels. Guests will also find coffee makers, free newspapers, and video-game consoles.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
In addition to an outdoor pool, International Palms Resort Orlando provides a health club, a spa tub, and a fitness center. Dining is available at one of the resort's 2 restaurants and guests can grab coffee at the coffee shop/café. Guests can unwind with a drink at one of the resort's bars, which include a poolside bar and a bar/lounge. A computer station is located on site and high-speed wireless Internet access is complimentary.
Business amenities at this 3-star property consist of a 24-hour business center, limo/town car service, and meeting rooms. This family-friendly resort also offers spa services, tour/ticket assistance, and an arcade/game room. For a surcharge, the property provides an area shuttle and a casino shuttle. Complimentary self parking is available on site.
International Palms Resort Orlando has designated areas for smoking.
- Free self parking
- Free WiFi
- Number of restaurants - 2
- Outdoor pool
- Poolside bar
- Bar/lounge
- Health club
- Fitness facilities
- Spa tub
- Coffee shop or café
- Pool umbrellas
- 24-hour business center
- Conference center
- Free theme park shuttle
- Breakfast available (surcharge) hot and cold buffet
- Area shuttle (surcharge)
- Casino shuttle (surcharge)
- Coffee/tea in lobby
- Spa services on site
- Meeting rooms 26
- Concierge services
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Laundry facilities
- 24-hour front desk
- Limo or Town Car service available
- Computer station
- Arcade/game room
- Billiards or pool table
- Express check-out
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Multilingual staff
- Picnic area
- Gift shops or newsstand
- Television in lobby
- ATM/banking
- Elevator/lift
- Shopping on site
- Luggage storage
- Designated smoking areas
- Number of buildings/towers - 4
- Number of floors - 14
- Total number of rooms - 652
Family Friendly Amenities
- Free Wi-Fi
- Outdoor pool
- Refrigerator
- Microwave
- Theme park shuttle (complimentary)
- Cribs/infant beds (complimentary)
- Laundry facilities
- Arcade/game room
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Free self parking
Room Amenities
- Room service (limited hours)
- Television
- Satellite TV service
- Premium TV channels
- Pay movies
- Refrigerator
- Microwave
- Shower/tub combination
- Coffee/tea maker
- Free cribs/infant beds
- Daily housekeeping
- Free newspaper
- Video-game console
- Hair dryer
- In-room safe (laptop compatible)
- Free toiletries
- Phone
- Iron/ironing board
- Desk
- Air conditioning
- Climate control
- Private bathroom
Where to Eat
International Palms Resort Orlando has 2 restaurants serving breakfast, lunch, and dinner.
Room service (during limited hours) is available.
Nearby Things to Do
An outdoor pool and a spa tub are on site. Other recreational amenities include a health club and a fitness center.
Spa Services
- Facial treatments
To make requests for specific accessibility needs, complete the "Special or Accessibility Requests" section of "Trip Preferences" when you book your hotel.
- Accessible path of travel
- Accessible bathroom
- Roll-in shower
- Accessible parking
- In-room accessibility
- Accessibility equipment for the deaf
- Braille or raised signage
Hotel Policies
Minimum check-in age is 18
Check-in time ends at Midnight
Check-in time starts at 4 PM
Special check-in instructions:
Check-out time is 11 AM
Payment types
Children and extra beds
- Children are welcome.
- Rollaway/extra beds are available for USD 15 per night.
- Free cribs (infant beds)!
Pets allowed
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
- Resort fee: USD 12.00 per accommodation, per night
- Fitness center access
- Internet access
- Newspaper
- In-room safe
- In-room coffee
- Self parking
- Additional inclusions
- Breakfast fee: USD 9.95 per person (approximately)
- Pet fee: USD 75 per pet, per stay
- Rollaway bed fee: USD 15 per night
SeaWorld® and Universal Orlando® Passes
Book a stay now - August 15, 2015 for travel now - August 31, 2015 and receive USD 150 off 2 adult 6-Park SeaWorld® and Universal Orlando® theme park passes. Each 6-park combo pass entitles 1 guest admission to SeaWorld Orlando; Busch Gardens Tampa; Aquatica; park–to-park admission to Universal Studios Florida®, Universal's Islands of Adventure, and Wet'nWild Orlando water park; and select club venues in Universal CityWalk.
Guest must purchase passes at the onsite Local Expert desk. Discount is off the standard rates charged by Local Expert. Additional tickets may be purchased at USD 50 off the standard rates charged by Local Expert. Each 6 park combo entitles 1 guest admission to listed parks on all days during a 14-day consecutive calendar day period which includes the first day any portion of the combo is used. Full details available at Local Expert desk. Offer subject to availability. Restrictions may apply.


text:
Polyacrylate esters with long-chain hydrocarbon and polyoxyalkylene groups are disclosed, which are prepared by transesterification of polyacrylate alkyl esters, the alkyl groups of which have 1 to 4 carbon atoms and which were obtained by free radical polymerization, wherein the transesterification is carried out with a mixture of selected alcohols and polyoxyalkylene monools. Compared to products obtained by copolymerization, the transesterification products are largely free of undesirable low molecular weight components, have a narrow molecular weight distribution and exhibit excellent surfactant properties. They are useful especially as W/O emulsifiers for natural and synthetic oils.
1. A method of manufacturing a polyacrylate ester having long-chain hydrocarbon and polyoxyalkylene groups comprising transesterifying a polyacrylate alkyl ester the alkyl groups of which contain 1 to 4 carbon atoms and which is obtained by free radial polymerization, with a mixture of
a) alcohol selected from at least one member of the group consisting of
a1) saturated aliphatic alcohols having 4 to 22 carbon atoms,
a2) unsaturated aliphatic alcohols having 8 to 22 carbon atoms,
a3) alkyl phenols, the alkyl groups of which in each case have 8 to 12 carbon atoms, or their oxyalkylation products containing 1 to 3 oxyalkylene groups, selected from the group consisting of oxyethylene groups, oxypropylene groups, and a combination thereof, and
b) polyoxyalkylene monool of the average formula
R1 O--(Cn H2n O--)x H
R1 is the hydrocarbon group of a starter alcohol, R1 OH,
n is 2, 3 or 4 and has an average value of 2 to 3 in the average polyoxyalkylene group
x has an average value of 4 to 50 in the average polyoxyalkylene group, and
the molar ratio of a:b is 1:11 to 28:1, in such an amount that up to 70% of the ester groups are reacted, in the presence of a transesterification catalyst and at a temperature of about 70� to 160� C.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein a saturated fatty alcohol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms is used as alcohol a1.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein stearyl alcohol, suet or tallow alcohol is used as alcohol a1.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein oleyl alcohol is used as alcohol a2.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the R1 group of the polyoxyalkylene monool is a methyl group.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the subscript n of the polyoxyalkylene monool is 2 or 3 and has a value of 2.1 to 2.3 in the average molecule.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the subscript x of the polyoxyalkylene monool has an average value of 6 to 20 in the average molecule.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of component a) to component b) is 1:10 to to 10:1 during the transesterification.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of component a) to component b) is 5:1 to 9:1 during the transesterification.
10. The method of claim 1, in which up to 50 mole percent of the acrylate alkyl ester is replaced by the corresponding alkyl methacrylate ester during the transesterification.
11. The method of claim 1, in which the transesterification is carried out in the presence of a solvent.
The invention relates to polyacrylate esters with long-chain hydrocarbon and polyoxyalkylene groups, as well as to their use as surface active substances. In particular, the invention concerns polyacrylate esters with long-chain hydrocarbon and polyoxyalkylene groups with a reduced content of lower molecular weight components, as well as with a distribution of polymers which approximates the Poisson distribution.
In another aspect, the invention relates to the use of such polyacrylate esters as surface active substances, in particular, as emulsifiers for the preparation of emulsions from natural and synthetic oils and water and especially the use of the aforementioned polyacrylate esters for the preparation of W/O emulsions of natural and synthetic oils.
Copolymers of polyoxyalkylene (meth)acrylates and alkyl (meth)acrylates are known from the art. In Japanese publication 61/145254, organic and inorganic pigments are disclosed, the surface of which is treated with a copolymer which consists of 1% to 99% by weight of polyoxyalkylene (meth)acrylate and 1 to 99% by weight of alkyl methacrylate, wherein the alkyl group of the alkyl methacrylate has 6 to 22 carbon atoms. These copolymers increase the dispersibility of pigments that are treated therewith.
German Offenlegungsschrift 3,636,429 discloses polymeric surfactants based on copolymers of hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers which contain, in copolymerized form,
(a) as hydrophobic monomers, compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R represents H or CH3
X represents C4 to C20 alkyl or ##STR2## R1 represents H, C1 to C20 alkyl, halogen or ##STR3## n is 1 to 4 R2, R3 represent H, C1 to C20 alkyl, F, Cl, Br and
(b) as hydrophilic monomers, compounds of the formula ##STR4## in which R represents H, CH3,
Y is ##STR5## R4 represents H, CH3 or C2 H5 R5 represents H or C1 to C4 alkyl and
m is 2 to 50.
In aqueous systems, above the critical micelle concentration, these polymeric surfactants form micellar structures, which, in the case of a suitable structure and in particular concentration ranges, are present as liquid crystalline phases (mesophases). The copolymers disclosed in German Offenlegungsschrift 3,636,429 are said to make possible a wide variation of mesophasic structures and stability parameters. The copolymers have surfactant properties and the water soluble compounds can be used in detergent formulations to enhance detergency. The copolymers can also be used to increase the viscosity of aqueous phases, the viscosity increasing effect being largely independent of pH.
Gel chromatographic analysis of the state of the art copolymers reveals a relative broad distribution of molecular weights, which may be responsible for a decreased surfactant effectiveness. As can be further demonstrated by NMR spectroscopy and gas chromatographic analysis, the copolymers contain appreciable portions of low molecular weight compounds. These low molecular weight portions consists of significant concentrations of residual monomers, as well as of low molecular weight compounds. It is assumed that the reason for this may be found in the polymerization parameters of the various monomers, which differ greatly from one another.
However, for various reasons, these low molecular weight compounds are undesirable. The low molecular weight portions detract from and decrease the surface active properties of the known copolymers, since they themselves contribute little if anything to these properties. The low molecular weight portions are also undesirable for physiological reasons, since they can lead to health impairment, such as skin irritations, sensitization, etc.
The removal of these interfering portions from the copolymers that represent the state of the art in an economic manner is not possible.
It is an object of the invention to provide polyacrylate esters with long-chain hydrocarbon and polyoxyalkylene groups, which have, on the one hand, outstanding surfactant properties and, on the other, significantly improved physiological properties.
This object and others are achieved by the invention, whereby polyacrylate esters of the aforementioned types are provided which have as narrow a molecular weight distribution as possible and are as free as possible from monomeric and/or low molecular weight compounds.
According to the invention, polyacrylate esters having the desired combination of properties are obtained by the transesterification of alkyl esters of polyacrylic acids, the alkyl groups of which contain 1 to 4 carbon atoms and which are prepared by a free radical polymerization, wherein the transesterification is carried out with a mixture of:
a) alcohols, selected from the group consisting of
a1) saturated aliphatic alcohols with 4 to 22 carbon atoms,
a2) unsaturated aliphatic alcohols with 8 to 22 carbon atoms,
a3) alkyl phenols, the alkyl groups of which in each case have 8 to 12 carbon atoms or their oxyalkylation products with 1 to 4 oxyethylene and/or oxypropylene groups, and
b) polyoxyalkylene monools, i.e. polyoxyalkylene mono-alcohols of the general, average formula
R1 O--(Cn H2n O--)x H
R1 is the hydrocarbon group of a starter alcohol, R1 OH,
n is 2, 3 or 4 and has an average value of 2 to 3 in the average polyoxyalkylene group
x has an average value of 4 to 50 in the average polyoxyalkylene group,
wherein the molar ratio of a:b is 1:11 to 28:1, in such amounts, that up to 70% of the ester groups are reacted, in the presence of a known transesterification catalyst at a temperature of about from 70� to 160� C., optionally in the presence of a solvent.
It is an important characteristic of the invention that the inventive polyester esters are obtainable by transesterification with a mixture of alcohols. By these means, it becomes possible to start with polyacrylate alkyl esters having a narrow molecular weight distribution and this narrow molecular weight distribution of the starting material is retained during transesterification.
For the transesterification, those polyacrylate alkyl esters are used which have alkyl groups of 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The methyl group is a particularly preferred alkyl group. The alkyl groups are selected primarily with respect to the boiling point of the corresponding alcohols. An alkyl group with 1 carbon atom is therefore preferred, because methanol is the alcohol which can be removed most easily from the reaction mixture in the course of the transesterification. As the number of carbon atoms increases, the removal of the alcohols creates greater difficulties. This limits the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group to four. It is, of course, also possible to use alkyl groups with more than 4 carbon atoms under some circumstances. However, this would only represent an inferior embodiment of the invention.
For the transesterification, a mixture of alcohols a) and b) is used.
The group a) includes a1): saturated aliphatic alcohols with 4 to 22 carbon atoms. In the usual case, these alcohols are fatty alcohols, such as those prepared by the reduction of naturally occurring raw materials. Particularly preferred as component a1) are saturated fatty alcohols with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, especially stearyl alcohol and suet or tallow fatty alcohol. It is evident to those skilled in the art that mixtures, especially natural mixtures of such fatty alcohols, can also be used.
As alcohols of group a) defined in a2), unsaturated aliphatic alcohols with 8 to 22 carbon atoms can also be used for the transesterification. Of these, oleyl alcohol is particularly preferred. Polyacrylate esters with oleyl and polyoxyalkylene groups can be synthesized by copolymerization only if appreciable disadvantages are accepted, since the double bond of the oleyl group interferes significantly during the polymerization reaction. These difficulties do not arise with the transesterification reaction. Polyacrylate esters, transesterified with oleyl alcohol and polyoxyalkylene monools, have particularly good application properties, such as outstanding emulsifiability and low pour points. The use of unsaturated aliphatic alcohols as component a) therefore represents a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention.
A further possible a) component are the a3) alkylphenols, the alkyl groups of which in each case have 8 to 12 carbon atoms. In this connection, it is particularly advantageous to use for the transesterification alkylphenols which have undergone an addition reaction with 1 to 3 moles of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide. By these means, the resistance to hydrolysis of the inventive polyacrylate esters is increased.
Alcohols of the aforementioned a1), a2) and a3) groups can be used individually or in admixture with one another.
The transesterification component b) is formed by polyoxyalkylene monools of the average, general formula
R1 O--(Cn H2n O--)x H
wherein R1 is the hydrocarbon group of an initial or starter alcohol, R1 OH. The starter alcohol R1 OH preferably is a lower alcohol. Accordingly, R1 preferably is a methyl, ethyl, propyl, octyl, isooctyl, allyl or butyl group. However, long-chain groups or arylalkyl groups, such as benzyl groups, may also be selected. The nature of the R1 group has relatively little influence on the properties of the polyacrylate esters, so that there are relatively few restrictions with respect to the choice of the R1 substituent.
Subscript n can have a value of 2, 3 or 4, so that the oxyalkylene group in the parentheses is an oxyethylene, oxypropylene, oxybutylene or oxytetramethylene group. Since the polyoxyalkylene monools are present in the form of a polymeric mixture, the average value of n may also be a fraction. Preferably, the average value of n is 2 to 3 and particularly 2.1 to 2.4. The oxyalkylene groups may be arranged in blocks or distributed at random.
Subscript x indicates the number of oxyalkylene groups. It has an average value of 4 to 50 and preferably of 6 to 20.
For the transesterification, a mixture of alcohols a) and b) is used; the molar ratio of a): b) is 1:11 to 28:1, preferably 1:10 to 10:1 and especially 5:1 to 9:1.
This mixture, consisting of a) and b), is used in such amounts for the transesterification of the polyacrylate alkyl esters, that up to 70% of the ester groups are transesterified. To obtain the desired surfactant properties, the degree of transesterification should not fall below 30%.
The transesterification is carried out in the presence of known transesterification catalysts, such as isopropyl or butyl titanate, potassium or sodium methylate, p-toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid and trifluoroacetic acid. The temperature of the transesterification reaction is 70� to 160� C., a temperature in the range of 110� to 150� C. being preferred.
The transesterification may optionally be carried out in the presence of a solvent, such as toluene or xylene.
The hydrophilic or hydrophobic character of the inventive polyacrylate esters can be affected and controlled in a desirable manner by the following measures, individually or in combination.
The hydrophobic character of the polyacrylate esters increases with the number of carbon atoms in the alcohols a) and the proportion of alcohols a) increases relative to the polyoxyalkylene monools b). The hydrophobicity of the polyacrylate esters varies inversely with the numerical value of the subscript x and directly with the numerical value of the subscript n. The hydrophobicity may furthermore be increased by selecting a long-chain hydrocarbon group as R1 group.
Conversely, the hydrophilic character of the inventive polyacrylate esters is promoted by a high content of polyoxyalkylene monools in the transesterification mixture of a) and b); low values of n and high values of x increase the hydrophilicity.
By appropriate selection of the alcohols a) and b) and their ratio to one another, it is thus possible to adjust the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB value) and to adapt the inventive transesterification products to the requirements of the application. This selective variability cannot be achieved with the copolymers of the state of the art.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that the polyacrylate alkyl esters used as starting materials for the transesterification reaction may also contain other copolymerized comonomers, such as styrene, acrylamide, acrylonitrile or alkyl methacrylate esters.
In a particular aspect of the invention, those inventive polyacrylate esters are preferred which are obtained by the transesterification of polyacrylate alkyl esters in which up to 50 mole percent of the acrylate alkyl esters are replaced by the corresponding methacrylate alkyl esters.
Polyacrylate esters of the invention have the required high surfactant activity. They are excellent emulsifiers. This is shown in the examples by means of the emulsification of water in diesel oil. Very stable emulsions, which can, for example, be combusted to advantage as fuels in gas turbines operated with diesel oil, are obtained with slight amounts of the inventive surfactants.
The invention thus also includes the use of the inventive polyacrylate esters as highly effective surfactants, especially as highly effective emulsifiers. It relates in particular to the use of inventive polyacrylate esters of suitable HLB range as W/O emulsifiers for natural and synthetic oils. In this connection, it is of particular advantage that the inventive polyacrylate esters have not only a high effectiveness, but also good physiological properties.
The preparation of the inventive polyacrylate esters and their useful properties for industrial applications are described in even greater detail in the following examples, which illustrate the best mode currently contemplated for carrying out the invention. However, the examples must not be construed as limiting the invention in any manner.
A solution of 0.6 g of azodiisobutyronitrile and 20.2 g of dodecyl mercaptan in 50 g of toluene and 280 g (approximately 3.25 moles) of methyl acrylate is added over a period of 2 hours to a reactor containing 53 g of toluene; the solvent in the reactor is at a temperature of 100� C. and protected by an atmosphere of nitrogen. Subsequently, a further 0.9 g of azodiisobutyronitrile, dissolved in 20 g of methyl ethyl ketone are added over a period of 30 minutes. Finally, the reaction mixture is heated for another 1 hour at the same temperature of 100� C. At the end of the reaction, the solvent is distilled off. A colorless, viscous liquid with a refractive index of 1.4802 remains behind. Gel chromatographic analysis reveals that the polymer obtained has a number average molecular weight Mn of 1950 and a weight average molecular weight Mw of 3330; the nonuniformity coefficient accordingly is 1.71. The residual monomer content is less than 0.1%.
The procedure of Example 1 is followed with the exception that the dodecyl mercaptan content is lowered. The functional relationship between the number average and weight average molecular weights and the dodecyl mercaptan content is shown in Table 1. In both cases, the residual monomer content is found to be less than 0.1%.
TABLE 1______________________________________Poly(methyl Dodecylacrylate) Mercaptan Molecular Molecular Non-from (% by Weight Weight uniformityExample weight) -- Mn -- Mw Coefficient______________________________________2 2.95 4,453 11,346 2.553 0.43 16,750 68,500 4.09______________________________________
The method of Example 1 is followed, with the exception that n-butyl acrylate is used instead of methyl acrylate.
From gel permeation chromatographic analysis, it follows that the polymer obtained has a number average molecular weight Mn of 1900 and a weight average molecular weight Mw of 3300; the nonuniformity coefficient accordingly is 1.73. The residual monomer content is determined to be less than 0.1%.
The poly(methyl acrylate) from Example 1 (369.2 g), dissolved in 982.8 g of toluene, is heated under nitrogen together with 463.8 g (approximately 1.75 moles) of oleyl alcohol and 149.8 g (approximately 0.25 moles) of a polyalkylene oxide, which was started with methanol and consists of 85% by weight of ethylene oxide and 15% by weight of propylene oxide (hydroxyl number=93.5; molecular weight=approximately 600). To begin with, any traces of water present are removed by azeotropic distillation. After that, 1.65 g of isopropyl titanate are added. The methanol which is formed during the transesterification is removed from the toluene by fractionation. A further 1.65 g of isopropyl titanate are added after 2 hours and after 4 hours of reaction. The reaction is completed after about 6 hours; the end of the reaction is indicated by a stillhead temperature of about 110� C.
The oleyl alcohol content, determined by gas chromatographic analysis, is less than 0.4% and corresponds to a conversion of 99.2%, based on the amount the fatty alcohol that was used. Gel chromatographic analysis reveals that 1 to 2% of the polyalkylene oxide monool has not reacted; this corresponds to a conversion of 90 to 95% of the theoretical amount. The methanol content in the distillate is 60.1 g or 22.3% by weight and corresponds to a conversion of 93.9% of the theoretical amount. According to DIN (ISO) 3016, the product has a pour point of about -15� C. and, after removal of the catalyst, a Gardner color number of 0 to 1.
The method of Example 1 is followed, with the exception that poly(methyl acrylates) of different molecular weights, different fatty alcohols and polyalkylene oxide monools, with respect to the methyl ester groups, and varying molar and weight ratios are used. The molecular weight and the amount of the fatty alcohol, the nature and amount of the polyalkylene oxide monool, the theoretical degree of substitution, which is calculated from the ratio of the number of substituted ester groups, and the pour points determined by the method of DIN (ISO) 3016, the reaction yields determined from the amount of methanol (MeOH) released and from the amount of fatty alcohol that has not reacted, and the number average molecular weight and the nonuniformity coefficient, determined theoretically and by gel chromatographic analysis, are given in Table 2.
TABLE 2__________________________________________________________________________ Substi-Poly(Methyl Fatty Alcohol Polyalkylene tution Pour Yield (%)ExampleAcrylate) Amount Oxide Monool Degree Point Fatty -- Mn (g/mole)No. -- Mn Amount (g) Type (g) Type Amount (g) (Mole %) (�C.) MeOH Alcohol theor. pract. -- Mw /-- n__________________________________________________________________________ 6 1950 92.3 OLA 124.1 0615 22.1 0.50 96.0 97.6 7200 5500 2.0 7 1950 92.3 OLA 49.9 0615 188.1 0.50 96.8 98.2 10200 5900 1.6 8 1950 92.3 OLA 13.7 0615 269.0 0.50 95.7 98.9 11600 6100 1.6 9 1950 92.3 OLA 133.2 0615 43.9 0.57 -22 98.0 99.3 8200 5300 1.910 1950 92.3 OLA 156.5 0615 51.6 0.67 -19 96.0 98.5 9100 6200 2.011 4453 88.7 OLA 116.8 0615 38.0 0.50 97.3 99.3 18000 11500 3.412 16750 86.5 OLA 117.1 0615 37.7 0.50 96.8 98.7 78000 29600 4.213 1950 92.3 OLA 102.1 0300 35.7 0.50 -18 96.4 99.2 6900 5200 2.114 1950 92.3 OLA 116.8 0600 38.7 0.50 -15 98.7 98.5 7500 5900 2.215 1950 92.3 OLA 108.3 1050 99.4 0.50 95.4 97.9 9200 5800 1.916 1950 92.3 OLA 122.7 1840 76.5 0.50 96.2 98.4 9000 6100 2.117 1950 92.3 OLA 128.9 2200 41.1 0.50 95.3 98.8 8000 4800 1.718 1950 92.3 OLA 23.6 2200 865.7 0.50 96.7 99.3 31400 5200 2.019 1950 92.3 OCA 59.0 0615 27.3 0.50 97.9 99.4 5300 2800 1.920 1950 92.3 C21A 157.5 0615 47.2 0.50 2 94.3 96.121 1950 92.3 BHA 135.6 0615 42.8 0.50 >50 93.8 95.8 8300 6100 1.922 1950 92.3 STA 119.3 0615 34.6 0.50 41 96.9 97.7 7500 5000 1.623 1950 92.3 STA 116.1 0615 42.2 0.50 38 94.1 98.3 7600 5200 1.624 1950 92.3 TFA 113.4 0615 38.3 0.50 95.3 97.8 7400 5500 2.0__________________________________________________________________________
Fatty Alcohols:
OLA--oleyl alcohol
TFA--tallow or suet fatty alcohol
STA--stearyl alcohol
C21A--Exxal-21� from Exxon
BHA--behenyl alcohol
Methanol-Started Polyethers:
0300--polyethylene oxide monool; MW (OH No.)=300
0600--polyethylene oxide monool; MW (OH No.)=600
0615--polyethylene oxide/polypropylene oxide; MW (OH No.)=600 (85% by weight EO, 15% by weight PO); random
1050--polyethylene oxide/polypropylene oxide monool; MW (OH No.)=1040 (50% by weight EO, 50% by weight PO); random
1840--polyethylene oxide/polybutylene oxide monool; MW (OH No.)=1820 (60% by weight EO; 40% by weight BO); random
2200--polyethylene oxide monool; MW (OH No.)=2170
The procedure of Example 5 is followed with the difference that 580 g of poly(n-butyl acrylate) from Example 4 are used and toluene is replaced by xylene. The reaction is completed after about 10 hours. The end of the reaction is indicated by a stillhead temperature of about 140� C.
The oleyl alcohol content, determined by gas chromatographic analysis, is about 0.5% and corresponds to a conversion of 99.0%, based on the amount of fatty alcohol used. Gel chromatographic analysis shows an unreacted polyalkylene oxide monool content of 1 to 2%, which corresponds to a conversion in the area of 90 to 95% of the theoretical amount. The product has a pour point of about -17� C. and, after removal of the transesterification catalyst, a Gardner color number of 0 to 1.
Oleyl alcohol (268 g, approximately 1 mole), 172 g (approximately 2 moles) of methyl acrylate, 1.6 g of isopropyl titanate, 0.27 g of monomethyl hydroquinone and 100 g of toluene are heated to 100� C. under a blanket of dry air in a reactor with a fractionating column. The methanol, set free during the transesterification reaction that takes place, is removed by fractionation as an azeotropic mixture with toluene. At the end of 2 hours, a further 1.1 g of isopropyl titanate are added. The reaction is completed when the stillhead temperature reaches a constant value of 75� C. After that, excess methyl acrylate and toluene are distilled off again at about 90� C. and about 20 torr with access of air. By addition of 40 g of water with access to air, the reaction mixture is heated for 3 hours at 80� C. and the isopropyl titanate is decomposed completely. Finally, the water and isopropanol are distilled off at 90� C. and 20 torr once again with access to air and the remaining product is filtered.
A slightly yellowish product is obtained. The yield, determined by NMR spectroscopic analysis, is about 97% of the theoretical, based on the oleyl alcohol.
A polyalkylene oxide monool started with methanol (0615) in an amount of 300 g (approximately 0.5 moles), containing 85% by weight of ethylene oxide and 15% by weight of propylene oxide and having a molecular weight, determined from the hydroxyl number, of about 600, 86 g (approximately 1 mole) of methyl acrylate, 1.6 g (+1.1 g) of isopropyl titanate, 0.3 g of monomethyl hydroquinone and 210 g of toluene is reacted in the manner described in Example 26 A1).
A slightly yellowish product is obtained. The yield, based on the polyalkylene oxide monool used, is 98% of theory.
A solution of 0.6 g of azodiisobutyronitrile and 7.9 g of dodecyl mercaptan in 56.4 g (approximately 0.66 moles) of methyl acrylate, 182 g (approximately 0.57 moles) of oleyl acrylate from Example 26 A1) and 53.4 g (approximately 0.08 moles) of polyethylene oxide/polypropylene oxide monoacrylate from Example 26 A2) and 50 g of toluene are added over a period of 3 hours to a reactor containing 50 g of toluene; the solvent at the same time is under nitrogen and has a temperature of 100� C. At the end of the addition, a further 0.9 g of azodiisobutyronitrile, dissolved in 20 g of methyl ethyl ketone, are added over a period of 2 hours. The reaction is completed after 4 hours at a constant temperature of 100� C. After that, toluene and unreacted methyl acrylate are removed by distillation at 90� C. and 20 torr.
Gas chromatographic analysis reveals a residual methyl acrylate monomer content of methyl acrylate, based on the total monomer mixture, of 2.5%. The oleyl acrylate and polyethylene oxide/polypropylene oxide monoacrylate remaining in the product is determined by NMR spectroscopy to be 8 to 10%.
The procedure of Example 26 is followed, with the exception that stearyl alcohol is used as fatty alcohol in two cases and that the amounts of the monomers and the dodecyl mercaptan are varied.
The composition of the monomer mixture and the amounts of n-dodecyl mercaptan used are shown in Table 3. Moreover, the approximate theoretical and the gel chromatographically determined number average molecular weights Mn, as well as the nonuniformity factor determined by way of the weight average molecular weight, and the residual monomer contents are stated. Basically, it must be pointed out that the gel chromatographic comparison of linear and grafted macromolecules is possible, at best, with considerable limitations, because branched macromolecules, as a rule, appear to give smaller molecular weights in the gel chromatogram.
In comparison, the products of the transesterification and of copolymerization, which are analogous polymers, show the following differences:
1. The unreacted portion of macromonomers in the copolymers generally is greater than the portion of unreacted fatty alcohols and polyether monools in the products obtained by transesterification.
2. During the synthesis of the copolymers, considerable portions of methyl acrylate remain unreacted at times; on the other hand, this amount is small after the synthesis of poly(methyl acrylate).
3. The molecular weight distribution, characterized by the nonuniformity coefficient Mw /Mn is in some cases appreciably broader in copolymers.
TABLE 3__________________________________________________________________________ PolyalkyleneComparison Methyl n-Dodecyl Fatty Alcohol Oxide Monool Pour ResidualExample Acrylate Mercaptan Acrylate Acrylate Point -- Mn (g/mole) MonomersNo. Amount (g) Amount (g) Type Amount (g) Amount (g) (�C.) theor. pract. -- Mw /-- Mn % MA Others1)__________________________________________________________________________26 56.4 7.9 OLAC 182.4 53.4 -2 7700 13000 7.1 2.4 7.727 44.4 7.3 OLAC 192.3 56.1 -12 8400 13000 7.3 2.7 9.928 31.3 6.6 OLAC 202.9 59.4 -14 9300 12000 5.8 2.5 11.629 54.0 20.3 OLAC 174.9 51.0 -13 3000 2600 2.8 2.4 8.730 55.8 7.9 STAC 183.9 52.4 40 7700 4630 2.4 0.2 1.231 53.5 20.3 STAC 176.1 53.5 36 3000 1800 2.0 0.2 1.132 56.1 7.9 OLAC 182.1 .sup. 54.02) 0 7700 11300 6.5 2.3 6.5__________________________________________________________________________ 1) calculated as oleyl acrylate from HNMR analysis or as stearyl acrylate from GC analysis 2) prepared using a polyethylene oxide monool (0600) started on methanol and having a molecular weight of 600 Key for Table 3: OLAC = oleyl acrylate STAC = stearyl acrylate
In a practical test, the effect of inventive transesterification products and of copolymers, which are not of the invention, as an emulsifier for the water/diesel oil system are investigated at 25� C. For this purpose the following are used:
79.9% by volume of diesel oil
20% by volume of water
0.1% by volume of emulsifier.
For the preparation of the emulsion, 0.6 ml of emulsifier are dissolved in 480 ml of diesel oil in a calibrated vessel. Within a period of 3 minutes, 120 ml of water are added dropwise with high-shear stirring (Ultraturrax, approximately 10,000 rpm) and the emulsion obtained is homogenized for a further 2 minutes under the same conditions.
To evaluate the stability of the emulsion, the volume of the segregated oil phase is determined after 10, 30, 60 and 120 minutes. The results obtained are given in Table 4.
TABLE 4______________________________________ Diesel OilEmulsifier from Segregation After MinutesExample No. 10 30 60 120______________________________________of the invention 5 5 23 36 46 9 2 6 12 2410 2 6 12 2411 2 12 22 3512 7 18 28 4013 8 33 47 4914 2 7 16 36not of the invention26 8 37 40 5227 6 12 22 3228 5 12 25 3630 30 49 54 5732 6 27 40 50______________________________________
It is clear that the emulsifying action of products from transesterification is generally superior to that of products which are obtained by copolymerization and have approximately the same chemical composition.
Patent Citations
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• El Creston Mutual Domestic Water Consumers Association board meeting will take place at 7 p.m. on Thursday, June 9 at 49 Mirasol Road in Ojitos Frios Ranches Subdivision. Open to the public.
• The Tecolote Land Grant Board of Trustees meeting has been rescheduled to 9 a.m. on Saturday, July 11 at the Tecolote Community Center in Tecolote.
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Originally written on The Cardinal Connect | Last updated 1/21/12
The Pittsburgh Panthers are the only team in the Big East that has yet to win a league game. Jamie Dixon's team hasn't won a game since Dec. 20 against St. Francis, but is surprisingly riding a small wave of confidence. The Panthers have played much better in the last couple of games and are finally getting healthy. Pitt played Syracuse nearly as tough as any team has all season. They also played very competitively with Marquette last week. Louisville and Pittsburgh are tied 5-5 in their previous 10 meetings. Three of the last four games have been decided in overtime. Three of the Cards' losses to Pitt have come in the Big East Conference Tournaments. Pittsburgh is the only team in the Big East that Coach Pitino doesn't have a winning record against since joining the league. Rick is just 5-9 all time against Pittsburgh. (1-3 at Providence, 0-1 at Kentucky, 4-5 at Louisville). The Panthers are led by Big East preseason player of the year, Ashton Gibbs, who is averaging 16.5 points ...
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Original recipe yields 6 servings
Amount per serving ({{servings}} total)
Based on a 2,000 calorie diet
Ready In
This was very good. I made two cuts about 2/3rds of the way down the cabbage so I could add some onions inside and let the foil hold it back together.
I love this! I spread a little bit of olive oil instead of the butter, and since I make one wedge at a time for myself, I don't need the ice cube. It still comes out great and I've made this man...
I didn't get to try this..but only because my husband ate it all. =0. He loved it! Well before everyone thinks that he is a pig (actually he is almost a clone of Nick Cage), I scaled the recip...


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The various hardware items for producing beer or wine. Includes buckets, carboys, kegs, hoses, airlocks, etc.
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Wort Chiller Cool Down Times?
What tools or tricks is everyone using to cool their wort down after the boil? How long does it take you to get down below 70 degrees? I am using an older copper wort chiller (hooks up to a garden ...


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By Wendell Womack
The Sylva Bay Saints came marching in-but the Winston Patriots did not let them march out! With a renewed excitement of victory, the … Read more
By Wendell Womack
The Sylva Bay Saints came marching in-but the Winston Patriots did not let them march out! With a renewed excitement of victory, the … Read more
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I've been playing around with reverse engineering and I am having trouble recompiling after making an edit.
I first used apktool:
apktool d input.apk out
apktool b out
I then used dex2jar to convert classes.dex to jar then used JD-GUI to extract the java files. I went in and changed one string value so that everything would still be perserved but could see if it worked, so the code should all work. So I have the folder of the .java file called 'classes' and I've tried to use DX to convert back to a dex file. I enter:
dx --dex classes --no-strict
and get these errors:


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Academy of Country Music Awards 2014
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Paintballing, beach bumming and big fishing: See what Miranda Lambert, Tim McGraw, Luke Bryan and more do in their free time!
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By Alexander Bolton - 02/28/13 01:30 AM EST
Senate Republicans have offered legislation crafted by Sens. Pat Toomey (R-Pa.) and James Inhofe (R-Okla.) as their alternative to the sequester due to take effect Friday.
The bill grants the Office of Management and Budget flexibility to implement $85 billion worth of spending cuts scheduled for fiscal year 2013.
Some Republicans argue the administration already has this power but lawmakers from both sides have characterized the sequester as a "meat-axe" approach that would cut programs across the board.
The Toomey-Inhofe plan would require the same amount be cut from federal programs but would give Obama authority to replace cuts to defense with cuts from elsewhere in the budget.
It explicitly prohibits a tax increase.
The Senate will vote on it tomorrow along with a Democratic plan and both are expected to fall short of the 60-vote threshold. Several Republicans could vote against the GOP alternative.
Some Republicans complain that it gives too much authority to Obama. Sen. Thad Cochran (R-Miss.), the former senior Republican on the Appropriations Committee, said he would "probably" vote against it for that reason.
Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz.), a leader on defense issues, has also raised objections because the bill would likely not stop a more-than-$40 billion reduction in defense spending.
Senate Republicans debated at lunches on Tuesday and Wednesday over what sequester alternatives to propose. McCain and Sens. Lindsey Graham (R-S.C.) and Kelley Ayotte (R-N.H.) proposed an alternate plan to reduce the defense cuts to $10 billion.
"I don't care how flexible you want to be, the top-line numbers don't add up to me on defense. That's my problem," Graham told reporters after a contentious GOP meeting Tuesday.
Sens. Lamar Alexander (R-Tenn.) and Susan Collins (R-Maine) proposed another alternative, as did Sen. Rand Paul (R-Ky.), according to a senior GOP source.
Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-Nev.) and Republican Leader Mitch McConnell (Ky.) entered into an agreement before the Presidents' Day recess to give Democrats and Republicans each one vote on a sequester alternative.
McConnell this week asked Reid to allow votes on multiple Republican proposals but Reid declined the request.


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David Moore [Brooklyn]: Composer, pianist, principal member of Bing & Ruth. http://www.imdavidmoore.com; http://www.bingandruth.com
David Moore [Indianapolis]: Singer/songwriter from Indianapolis focusing on folk, alternative country, and heartlands rock and roll. David Moore used to be the frontman for the classic Doghouse Records band Chamberlain, formerly known as Split Lip.
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French feud hits Britain's nuclear reactor plans
The two companies have promised to work together to build European Pressurised Reactors
The two companies have promised to work together to build European Pressurised Reactors
by New Statesman Published
Britain's plans to use French expertise to build next generation nuclear reactors are now facing uncertainty as relations between EDF, the French electricity giant, and Areva, France's nuclear power station operator, have touched a nadir.
Poor relations between the two French companies have now raised fears whether they would be able to complete the British nuclear energy projects in which they are partners on time and within budget.
EDF's chief executive Henri Proglio wants to raise his company's stake in Areva from 2.4 per cent to 6 per cent. Though the move has the support of French president Nicholas Sarkozy, it is being opposed by Areva CEO Anne Lauvergeon who is said to be desperate to stay out of EDF's reach in France.
At the same time, Proglio is striving to prevent Mitsubishi Heavy Industry from joining Areva's 15 per cent capital hike.
The two companies, have, however, promised to work together to build European Pressurised Reactors worth £10b that are planned to be commisioned in 2019 at Hinkley Point in Somerset.
Adding to the British worries is the fact that projects being developed by EDF and Areva elsewhere in Europe are facing delays and cost overruns amounting to billions of euros.


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Gunmetal Black Ep 01
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Again nice work
Woohoo and this one had loom ! You get a 5. More monkey island stuff !
That was purely disgusting. If you like Monkey Island so much (and I must admit,I do too), why did you insist on making such an offensive parody?
- Evil Egg -
You SUCK man
How dare you mock the greatest game saga ever made?
go suck a**, man.
i gave you credit for the great graphix conversion and the music was great but the jokes sucked.
MI = the greatest adventure saga ever made...
and your idea of the four trials was good also...although it made me frown a bit
still, i liked the song... so 5


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"I have tried raising money by asking for it, and by not asking for it. I always got more by asking for it."
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In Belgium to see Dr de Meirleir
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VIEWS: 8 PAGES: 36 CATEGORY: Business POSTED ON: 2/4/2011 Public Domain
Financial Market and Institiution document sample
THE EUROPEAN UNION Institutions and Legal Framework Michele Colucci Email: email@example.com Web site: www.colucci.eu Parma 24-25 November 2007 1 PURPOSES OF THIS COURSE INTRODUCING THE EU LEGAL ORDER UNDERSTANDING THE EU INSTITUTIONS" MECHANISM EU LAW IN MOTION THE FUTURE OF THE EU:BEYOND THE REFORM TREATY (RT) 2 What is the European Union? DREAM... – Monnet , Schuman, Spinelli,... HOPE – Peace and well being of its people (art.3 RT) A REALITY – As of 1.1.2007: 27 Member States, one currency for 13 Member States, more than 483.000.000 people "united in diversity"! 3 Population figures: EU-27 Country Population % of population in EU-27 Germany 82.54 17.04 France 59.90 12.37 UK 59.33 12.25 Italy 57.48 11.87 Spain 40.98 8.46 Poland 38.19 7.88 Romania 21.71 4.48 Netherlands 16.26 3.35 Greece 11.05 2.28 Portugal 10.48 2.16 Belgium 10.40 2.15 Czech Republic 10.21 2.11 Hungary 10.12 2.09 Sweden 8.97 1.85 Austria 8.09 1.67 Bulgaria 7.80 1.61 Denmark 5.40 1.11 Slovakia 5.38 1.11 Finland 5.22 1.08 Ireland 4.03 0.83 Lithuania 3.45 0.71 Latvia 2.32 0.48 Slovenia 1.99 0.41 Estonia 1.35 0.28 Cyprus 0.73 0.15 Luxembourg 0.45 0.09 Malta 0.40 0.08 Total 483.44 100 % 4 HISTORIC STEPS Treaty of Paris, which set up the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1951 (expired on 23 of July 2002); Treaties of Rome, which set up the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) in 1957. Single European Act (1986); Treaty of the European Union (Maastricht, 1992); Treaty of Nice (2001). Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe signed in Rome on 29 october 2004 Reform Treaty (agreement on 18-19 october 2007) 5 THE EUROPEAN UNION (2007): A political and economic structure 6 THE EUROPEAN UNION IN THE REFORM TREATY "THE UNION SHALL REPLACE AND THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY" (art. 1) Single Legal Personality for the EU: no more pillar structure VALUES: – respect for human dignity, – freedom, – democracy, – equality, – the rule of law and respect for human rights (art.2). 7 AIMS AIMS: – "Internal Market", – sustainable development based on balanced economic growth and price stability, – a highly competitive social market economy, – full employment and social progress, – a high level of protection and improvement of the quality of the environment, scientific and technological advance. It shall combat social exclusion and discrimination, shall promote – social justice and protection, – equality between women and men, solidarity between generations and protection of the rights of the child, – and solidarity among Member States. It shall respect its rich cultural and linguistic diversity (art. 3 RT). 8 THE INSTITUTIONS THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT THE EUROPEAN COUNCIL (art.9- 9bis RT) THE COUNCIL THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION THE COURT OF JUSTICE THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK (art.9 RT) THE COURT OF AUDITORS 9 OTHER INSTITUTIONS THE COMMITTEE OF REGIONS THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE THE EUROPEAN INVESTMENT BANK AGENCIES 10 THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION Structure PRESIDENT AND 26 COMMISSIONERS (2007), 15 (RT). Secretariat General, Legal Service 36 DIRECTORATES- GENERAL (DGs):Agriculture, Environment, Employment and Social Affaires,Transport, and so on. 11 The European Commission Role INITIATOR OF LEGISLATIVE PROPOSALS GUARDIAN OF THE TREATIES EXECUTIVE ARM OF THE EU MOUTHPIECE FOR THE EU AT INTERNATIONAL LEVEL 12 THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT Structure 785 Members from all 27 EU countries – Malta (5 seats), Germany (99 seats) (96). – 751 members (RT). 17 committees Administrative offices in Luxembourg Plenary sessions in Strasbourg Committee meetings in Brussels 13 Member state Seats Member state Seats Germany 99(96) Austria 18 France 78(77) Bulgaria 18 Italy 78(76) Finland 14 United Kingdom 78(76) Denmark 14 Spain 54 Slovakia 14 Poland 54 Ireland 13 Romania 35 Lithuania 13 Netherlands 27 Latvia 9 Belgium 24 Slovenia 7 Czech Republic 24 Cyprus 6 Greece 24 Estonia 6 Hungary 24 Luxembourg 6 Portugal 24 Malta 5 Sweden 19 Total: 785(751) 14 Political Groups Formation of political groups: MEPs elected in at least one-fifth of the MSs – new rule since 1.1.2007 minimum number of MEP's required – 20 PPE-DE Group of the European People"s Party and European Democrats (277) PSE Socialist group (217) ALDE Group of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (106) UEN Union for Europe of the Nations Group (44) Verts / ALE Group of the Greens /European Free Alliance (42) GUE/NGL Confederal Group of the European United Left - Nordic Green Left (41) IND / DEM Independence / Democracy (24) IDS Identity, Tradition and Sovereignty Group (21) NI Non-attached (13) Note: figures as of May 2007 15 THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT Role PASSING EUROPEAN LAWS – jointly with the Council "DEMOCRATIC SUPERVISOR" over the other EU institutions BUDGETARY POWER 16 THE COUNCIL Structure One minister from each Member State 9 different Council configurations General Affairs and External Relations (including European Security and Defence Policy and Developmnet Co-operation Economic and Financial Affairs (including budget) Agriculture and Fisheries Employment, Social Policy, Health and Consumer affairs Competitiveness (!) – comprising Internal Market Industry Research Tourism Justice and Home affairs (including civil protection) Environment Transport, Telecommunications and Energy Education, Youth and Culture (including audiovisual matters) Council Presidency: rotation every six months General Secretariat Location: Brussels 17 How does the Council work? Working groups – more than 250 Coreper (Committee of the Permanent representatives off the MS"s) – responsible for preparing the work of the Council Coreper I Council of Ministers (9 configuration) Coreper II Seat in Brussels – but holds meetings in Luxembourg as well (during April, June and October) 18 COREPER I and II Coreper I Composed of the Deputy Permanent Representatives, prepares the ground for the following Council configurations: – Employment, Social Policy, Health and Consumer Affairs; – Competitiveness (internal market, industry, research and tourism); – Transport, Telecommunications and Energy; – Agriculture and Fisheries; – Environment; – Education, Youth and Culture (including audiovisual); Coreper II Composed ofthe Permanent Representatives, prepares for the other configurations: • General Affairs and External Relations (including European security and defence policy and development cooperation); – Economic and Financial Affairs (including the budget); – Justice and Home Affairs (including civil protection). 19 Responsibilities of the Council To pass EU legislation To co-ordinate economic and social policies of MS To conclude international agreements between the EU and other countries To approve the EU"s budget To develop the EU"s CFSP To coordinate co-operation in the area of Freedom, security and justice 20 The Council: voting system UNANIMITY – CFSP – Taxation – Asylum and Immigration policy Qualified Majority voting (in some cases a two thirds majority) and – minimum of 232 votes is cast in favour – representation of at least 62% population 21 Number of votes for MS (2007) Number of Votes according to population but not strictly proportional, adjusted to the less populous coountries Germany, France, Italy and the United Kingdom 29 Spain and Poland 27 Romania 14 Netherlands 13 Belgium, Czech Rep., Greece, Hungary and Portugal 12 Austria, Sweden, Bulgaria 10 Denmark, Ireland, Lithuania, Slovakia and Finland 7 Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia, Luxembourg and Slovenia 4 Malta 3 TOTAL 345 22 EUROPEAN COUNCIL (The summit) Art. 4 EU- Art. 9b RT Neither an EU institution nor a legislator – introduced by the Single European Act (SEA) – official status since the Maastrichti Treaty (TEU) provides the Union with the necessary impetus for its development and defines the general political directions and priorities. Composition: Heads of State or Government of the Member States and the President of the Commission. President elected for 2 and half years Council meets at least twice a year submit to the European Parliament a report after each of its meetings and a yearly written report on the progress achieved by the Union. 23 COURT OF JUSTICE Composition - 1 judge per each Member State Full court (27 judges) -Grand Chamber" (13 judges) - chambers of 5 or 3 judges Appointed for a term of 6 years by joint agreement of the MS"s President for 3 years 8 (11 RT)"advocates general" (AG= Amicus Curiae) present reasoned opinions ("conclusions") to Court Seat - Luxembourg 24 THE COURT OF JUSTICE Role to ensure that: – EU law is complied with – Treaties are correctly interpreted and applied. It intervenes by: – References for a preliminary ruling – Actions for failure to fulfil an obligation – Actions for annulment – Actions for failure to act. 25 CoJ: the procedure Written phase: – Written statements from the parties – Reports by judges Oral phase – Public hearing Opinion from the advocate General Judgement decided by a majority 26 COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE and EUROPEAN CIVIL SERVICE TRIBUNAL CFI: Created in 1989 1 judge per MS No Advocates General Cases on: – Actions brought by private individuals – Competition law EUROPEAN UNION CIVIL SERVICE TRIBUNAL – 7 judges – Disputes between EU/civil servants 27 The Court of Auditors checks that : – all the European Union's revenue has been received; – all its expenditure incurred in a lawful and regular manner – EU budget has been managed soundly. 28 The EESC and the CoR EESC: – 317 members: Workers, Employers, others (NGOs, Academics) – Consultation role CoR: – 317 members: regional and local authorities – Consultation role 29 EUROPEAN OMBUDSMAN (Art. 195 EC) Created by the Maastricht Treaty Elected by the EP (Nikiforos Diamandouros) for 5 years Duties Investigate maladminsitration by the European Institutions (except the European Courts) following by a complaint or on own initiative Powers of the Ombudsman Information (the Institiution concerned has 3 months to give a detailed opinion on the matter) conciliation recommendation report to the EP 30 European Community Agencies Bodies set up by the EU to carry out a very specific technical, scientific or management task within first pillar Legal basis: regulation specifying its task currently 23 bodies that match the definition of a Community Agency under the name centre institute foundation office authority 31 European Community Agencies European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (Cedefop) - Thessaloniki European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions (EUROFOUND) - Dublin European Environment Agency (EEA) - Copenhagen European Training Foundation (ETF) - Turin European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) - Lisbon European Medicines Agency (EMEA) - London Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market (Trade Marks and Designs) (OHIM) - Alicante European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) - Bilbao Community Plant Variety Office (CPVO) - Angers Translation Centre for the Bodies of the European Union (CdT) - Luxembourg European Fundamental Rights Agency - Vienna European Agency for Reconstruction (EAR) - Thessaloniki European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) - Parma European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA) - Lisbon European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) - Cologne European Network and Information Security Agency (ENISA) - Heraklion European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) - Stockholm European Global Navigation Satellite System Supervisory Authority 32 SUMMING UP: REFORM TREATY (same as in the Draft Constitutional Treaty) Double majority decision making in Council of Ministers – 55% of member states and 65% of the EU's population in favour – Polish request accepted: new voting system will only apply from 2014 – Extra transition period until 2017 when additional provisions to block a decision will apply Extending qualified majority voting – 40 new policy areas – Especially: asylum, immigration, police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters; Permanent Council presidency – Chair EU Summits for a 2.5 years, renewable - instead of six-month rotation High Representative of the EU for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy – Replace current EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs Javier Solana and the external relations commissioner – Name "EU Foreign Minister" dropped Reducing the number of Commissioners from 27 to 15 by 2014 Single legal personality for the EU – no more pillar structure EU competende on Sport National parliaments' role enhanced – right to raise objections against draft EU legislation Exit clause - possible for Member States to leave the EU!!!!! 33 New Items and changes compared to the Constitutional Treaty Reference to new challenges – climate change – energy solidarity Applying new opt-in/out provisions – policies on border checks – asylum and immigration – judicial co-operation in civil matters – judicial cooperation in criminal matters – police co-operation Name "Constitution" discarded No reference to the symbols and anthem of the EU Full text of the Charter of Fundamental Rights replaced by cross-reference with the same legal value 34 The Reform Treaty and the way ahead Final adoption at the European Council in December 2007 To be ratified by every Member State"s parliament – Ireland: referendum is obligatory Netherlands, UK or others: referendum is optional Keeping in mind that …. 35 WE DO NOT UNITE STATES, WE UNITE PEOPLE. Jean Monnet (1888-1979) 36
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Roundwood, Wicklow, Ireland (Republic of)
Last login 2 months ago
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to be happy
Can't really discripe myself. I think you need to find out yourself ;)
My friends would say: I'm an adventure seeking person and if I don't find adventures I'll make them.
***Try to make to best out of life***
Well, how I participate?
From hosting, travelling together, get hosted, language exchange, tips for travelling, having a pint together, interesting or nonesense talks bout everything and nothing, sharing interests and going on adventures, becoming friends or.. or.. or...
Hosted several people in Berlin and Dublin.
And got hosted in Budapest.
Love to get to know other people and their culture.
I love:
* travelling
* surfing, windsurfing, ...
* kayaking/ canoeing
* hiking
* adventures
* arts, painting
* horse riding
* diving / snokeling
* (rock) climbing / boulder
* shakeing the buddy or "danceing"
* live music
* ...
I like all kinds of music even the sound from the radio. :)
still working on it ...
I could try to teach you German if you like or even beginner surfing lessons.
Would like to learn some surfing tricks! Or anything, which has to do with outdoors! Or if you would like to a trip in the great outdoors, but don't want to do it on your own. You can ask me as I would like to join!
Also ... feel free to teach me better Englisch. :D
Estonia, Hungary, Ireland, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom, United States
Germany, Ireland
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Uniq pension fund hopes for buyout
The £630m Uniq Pension Scheme is already in talks with insurance companies to 'buy out' and wind itself down, following yesterday's £113m bid for its former parent company by the convenience-foods group Greencore. The buyout will bring to an end one of the most intriguing pensions-finance sagas of recent years.
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For 5 years the Ahh! clinic has been the premier clinic specializing in advising patients about cannabis therapeutics (medical marijuana). The need for a cannabis specialty clinic such as Advanced Holistic Health arises, in part, from the lack of knowledge most traditional providers have around the dosing of marijuana products, the various methods of consumption (such as topical, oral tincture, capsule, edibles, vaporized concentrates, vaporized plant material, traditional smoking, and the juicing of raw cannabis). Many patients still face significant stigma in discussing any use of cannabis with their primary care provider, and there continues to be system-wide institutional policies against providing patients with an authorization for medicinal use (such as Swedish, the VA system, etc).
The Ahh! clinic was able to recommend cannabinoid ratios for particular conditions (such as CBD to THC; CBN, CBG, etc) and would often explain to patients how these molecules interact with their own endocannabinoid system. For chronic pain patients, for example, THC and CBD supports (rather than suppresses) a person's own endorphin system and allows for maximal natural pain reduction without the many risks associated with long term narcotic use or even long term NSAID or acetaminophen use. CBD does not have psychoactive effects so may be taken during the day for pain relief and anti-inflammatory effect, while THC can provide sedation effects for nighttime; using various ratios of these will provide for different effects, along with an entourage of anti-inflammatory effects from the terpenes and flavonoids present in the natural plant ...
However, Washington State Senate Bill 5052 as sponsored by Senator Ann Rivers (R), Senator Mike Hewittt (R), Senator Steve Conway (D), and as signed by Governor Jay Inslee (D) specifically forbids a medical practice which is primarily engaged in the discussion of medicinal cannabis with their patients and the writing of a medical authorization for use. The legislative fear was that some health care providers were abusing the system and functioning as "marijuana mills" -- unfortunately the majority of providers operating that way have already received sanctions on their license for operating outside of medical standards over the past few years.
A legislative change forbidding a cannabis specialty practice was not warranted in Washington State -- yet this will be enacted into law on July 24th of this year. We are therefore no longer taking new patients, and we are forced to close our doors to all renewal patients as of July 17, 2015. Your medical records and chart notes will be maintained in the future through The Inside Health Institute, and they can be reached at 425-485-7441.
As a final "goodbye" to our patients: It has been an honor and a pleasure to know you and see the wonderful improvements in your health over these past 5 years.
Dr. James R. Lathrop, DNP ARNP
The CANNABINOIDS are groups of natural chemical compounds found only in the cannabis plant. They affect the body and mind through their interaction with special receptors throughout the body (called CB1 and CB2). These cannabinoid receptors are richly present throughout the immune, digestive, reproductive, central and peripheral nervous systems of both humans and animals. The selective activation of these receptors with the different cannabinoids is what leads to the wide variety of medicinal effects and the extensive healing properties of cannabis. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 2009 (Vol.30 No.10 pp.515-527).
- DEA Administrative Law Judge Francis J. young, 1988.


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Posted 12/24/2009 08:21:29 EST
I recently moved to Baltimore and have been following most of the games on justin.tv. They broadcast from the highdef stream so it looks pretty darn good. Last week however they weren't broadcasting t more »
Posted 04/06/2009 10:46:22 EDT
You should head out to cadillac mountain pre dawn for some sunrise shots. Bass Harbor lighthouse is a great spot for sunset shooting. Its around half an hours drive from the park so you may want to ti more »
©2015 Boston Globe Media Partners, LLC
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2000 Chevrolet Express 1500 Q&A
2000 Chevrolet Express 1500 Question: fuel pump is noisy (loud buzz) when fuel level is half or below. Fill tank, no buzz
loud buzz noise from fuel pump when fuel level is 1/2 or below - Visitor
Answer 1
pump is close to complete failure. as the level goes down and the pump motor emerges from the fuel, the noise level goes up. Replace the pump Roy - mastertech6371
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Among the first to come to Brazil when the market was opened up again in the 1990s – after a hiatus of almost 50 years when this country closed itself off to the world – Renault has seemingly reached a limit in Brazil. Its market participation has hovered around 6 percent for years. Now, hungry for more, the French company is showing its new plans that will deeply affect their operations in Latin America at large and shake up their manufacturing base in South America, most especially Mercosur (namely Brazil and Argentina).
Category: Volkswagen
Volkswagen ReviewsVolkswagen has Adolf Hitler to thank for its start. In 1933 Hitler asked Ferdinand Porsche (yes, that Porsche) to discuss the idea of an affordable car that could carry five people. Prototypes appeared shortly and the KdF-Wagen was released in 1938. The KdF-Wagen would later become known as the Beetle and go on to sell in the millions.
This is not a GTI. This is not a GTI. This is not a GTI. Cross your tees and line your elles, this is not that darling of the #millennial boot-scoot generation: the My First Big Boy Car Volkswagen GTI.
It's not a GTI with a trunk, either, despite everything you might think.
Because I live in California, it seemed only fitting that my first taste of the new Golf arrived in electric form: the 2015 VW e-Golf. (Why e-Golf? Because "Golfe" just sounded silly.) The Golf isn't just the first Volkswagen EV in the US, it's also the first VW built on the new MQB platform which promises reduced weight and lower development costs. While MQB isn't a dedicated EV platform like Nissan's LEAF, it was designed to support electrification from the start rather than being converted like the Fiat 500e. While that may sound like a quibble, the difference is noticeable as the e-Golf feels like a regular VW that happens to be electric. The e-Golf also demonstrates just how rapidly EVs have evolved since the LEAF launched in 2010.
Reader iMatt shares his experiences with the Volkswagen Jetta 2.0 "Quebec Special"
Is the old 2.0L engine really as bad as the internet believes?
I knew it was only a matter of time before I'd need to buy a second vehicle to compliment the Honda Fit shared by my girlfriend and I. That time finally came with a forced relocation at work and after taking many months to decide what I wanted in my next vehicle, I decided my top two priorities were value and comfort, neither of which being the focal points of the Fit.
Feeling its style isn't metal as it could be, Volkswagen is unleashing a more aggressive language for its upcoming compact and midsize crossovers.
Long ago, Volkswagen once sold (non-Chrysler) vans, utes and trucks in the United States. Those days may come again.
To say the 2015 Volkswagen Jetta TDI isn't about fuel savings is to miss the point. But to say it's about all-around money-saving is to tell a lie.
If your only mission was to spend less money on personal transportation in the new vehicle realm, jaw-dropping highway mileage generated by a 2.0L turbocharged diesel is not necessarily the ticket to personal financial freedom.
• USD Price As Tested: $30,020
• Horsepower: 150 @ 3500 rpm
• Torque: 236 @ 1750 rpm
• Observed Fuel Economy: 44.4 mpg
There are much less costly ways of getting around town than in a highbrow Jetta like our test example, with its leather seating, navigation, upgraded audio, and Volkswagen's dual-clutch direct-shift gearbox.
So why can't the two objectives comingle? I'd argue that they can, that a new car buyer can enjoy the benefits of an upgraded, torquey, semi-luxurious, and spacious German compact car – and spend the money that's required to do so – while also enjoying weeks of fuel tank range.
The three-vow version of the Volkswagen Tiguan will hit showrooms from Puebla, Mexico in 2017.
While some in the U.S. pine away for a brown manual diesel wagon, the Europeans will play in their Volkswagen Passat Alltrack estates.
Not every vehicle at the 2015 Geneva Auto Show can be featured in the Robb Report, though the Volkswagen Sport Coupe GTE Concept might be as such if made.


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I've received a number of comments on this journal recently which seem to give some local tip offs about various developments in the area:
a. Apparently Amici, which owns two restaurants in Kennington (confusingly known as "Amici" and "R Due Amici", has apparently leased/bought the now shutdown Franklins and will open a third restaurant. This tip-off is from an anonymous commentator who advised that the lady next door at Thai Ming (previously Thai Silk) mentioned it.
b. Commentator "John" asks whether anybody has tried Grand Union (burger pub/club) on Kennington Road (near the Imperial War Museum)? It has changed 2 or 3 times in the past few years. I haven't, but am contemplating visiting it at the weekend.
c. A number of people have commented favourably on Toulouse Lautrec restaurant (both on this blog, on London SE1 and in real life), but also noted that it's expensive. It probably isn't that expensive compared with its sister restaurant, The Lobster Pot, and also compared with central London restaurant prices. It is expensive compared with some of the other offerings in the SE11 area. However, to combat the expense (in these credit crunch times), we opted for a large Sunday morning brunch (croissants, french bread, scrambled eggs and salmon) as well as the very good French hot chocolate and excellent coffee (£14.00 total). I recommend it.
Does anybody else have any news on the cafe that was formerly Dippy Egg, formerly Jado?
Thursday, 26 March 2009
Local area Tip Offs
Posted by SE11 Lurker at 11:00
Labels: amici, Dippy Egg cafe, Grand Union, Kennington Road, lobster pot, se11, Toulouse Lautrec
1 comment:
- Adrian said...
I've never tried Amici, but always meant to. Likewise for Franklins, and felt quite guilty when it shut down.
There is writing in the window of Dippy Egg which says "cafe coming soon (ish)"
- 3 April 2009 at 23:33
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Blog Archive
- ► 2011 (110)
- ► 2010 (184)
- Kennington Park playground opening
- Recycling and going green in Lambeth
- Local area Tip Offs
- Very exciting - Google Streetview is live for Lond...
- SE11 Cycle accidents
- Photographing SE11 - you're being watched!
- Brixton shopping centre - saved
- Channel 4 umbrellas - quirky London stuff
- Police and immigration at Vauxhall station
- The cafe formerly known as Dippy Egg, formerly kno...
- Spring is nearly sprung (hopefully) so it's time f...
- ▼ March (11)


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Page 6 of 7
Reed is very particular about his word choice when discussing the recall effort.
"I wouldn't use the word frustrating," he says, leafing through the recall affidavit and sipping water at the 9th Inning sports bar at 18th and Vine. "Again, it was a distraction. An unfortunate distraction."
The distraction was not his, but one shared by the community and the district, Reed says. He moves on to the East Patrol project. He says there's a misperception in the Wendell Phillips neighborhood that the city gobbled up the site through eminent domain. He stresses that 15 of the 128 properties were taken by eminent domain, and homeowners underwater on their mortgages benefited from the move.
"I have run into citizens who were relocated from the East Patrol site and have thanked me by saying things like, 'Hey, we didn't understand at the time. It was pretty emotional, but thank you for working with us,' " Reed says. "If it wasn't fair, I'd be the first out there with a picket sign saying it wasn't fair."
He argues that his experience being evicted as a child makes him especially sensitive to displaced residents. "We certainly couldn't compensate them for the time, the histories and the memories and the loss they were experiencing."
After two years of criticisms, Reed still manages to keep his head. He explains his zen nature with a story from when he was 15: A man confronted Alvin Brooks in the Ad Hoc office.
"He's telling him he's going to kill him, he's calling him an old man, and he's saying all this stuff," Reed recalls. "I remember standing there that day, scared, sort of shaking. And Mr. Brooks graciously stood there and told the guy, 'God bless you. God bless you, sir.'
"It's those examples of true servant leadership that compliment my own family values," Reed adds. "It kind of gives me that patience and drive to forge ahead."
As late lunch customers trickle into the restaurant, Reed starts talking about election night in 2011. His campaign watch party was at the Juke House jazz bar. His voice disappears, and he looks out the window with wet eyes.
"I didn't think I'd tear up again," he murmurs. He tries three times to start his story. Each time, he chokes back tears.
"I ended up crying, kind of like I am now," he says. "I remember thinking, Wow. I really won." After his victory was announced on TV, he went into the restroom to compose himself.
"My grandfather and my uncle, we were all in there," Reed says between sobs. "And they just kept on saying you really won and how proud you should be. We worked really hard. I usually don't tear up like this. I am so sorry."
Kenneth Reed Sr. died on March 30.
"The thing that makes me emotional is when I think about how my grandfather really wanted to help during the campaign," Reed says. "His health really continued to kind of get the best of him. He stuffed some envelopes. He had come down to the office; he couldn't do much. But he'd sit around watching. He said he wished he could do more."
After a few minutes, Reed dries his eyes on his shirtsleeve and composes himself. His plans for re-election are already under way. A glass bowl brimmed with contribution envelopes at a May 9 fundraiser held at a Gates Bar-B-Q on East Emanuel Cleaver II Boulevard. And he seems poised for the next round of 3rd District politics.
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