text:
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Renewable Electricity Generation (Fact Sheet)
SciTech Connect (OSTI)
This document highlights DOE's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy's advancements in renewable electricity generation technologies including solar, water, wind, and geothermal.
Not Available
Renewable Electricity Generation in the United States
E-Print Network [OSTI]
This paper provides an overview of the use of renewable energy sources to generate electricity in the United States and a critical analysis of the federal and state policies that have supported the deployment of renewable ...
Schmalensee, Richard
Renewable Electricity Generation (Fact Sheet), Office of Energy...
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
Renewable Electricity Generation (Fact Sheet), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Renewable Electricity Generation (Fact Sheet),...
Renewable Power Options for Electricity Generation on Kaua'i...
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
Renewable Power Options for Electricity Generation on Kaua'i: Economics and Performance Modeling Renewable Power Options for Electricity Generation on Kaua'i: Economics and...
Renewable Generation and Interconnection to the Electrical Grid...
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
Generation and Interconnection to the Electrical Grid in Southern California Renewable Generation and Interconnection to the Electrical Grid in Southern California Presentation...
Supplementary Information Potential for Electricity Generation from Renewable Resources and Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE)
Supplementary Information Potential for Electricity Generation from Renewable Resources and Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) Electrical energy can be generated from renewable resources the potential to meet the worldwide demand of electricity and they contribute to the total generation
Suo, Zhigang
Renewable Electricity Futures Study
Renewable Electricity Futures Study Renewable Electricity Generation and Storage Technologies for Sustainable Energy, LLC. #12;Renewable Electricity Futures Study Edited By Hand, M.M. National Renewable;Suggested Citations Renewable Electricity Futures Study (Entire Report) National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Renewable Energy for Electricity Generation in Latin America...
Open Energy Info (EERE)
Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: Renewable Energy for Electricity Generation in Latin America: Market, Technologies, and Outlook (Webinar) Focus...
Renewable Electricity Futures Study. Volume 2: Renewable Electricity Generation and Storage Technologies
The Renewable Electricity Futures (RE Futures) Study investigated the challenges and impacts of achieving very high renewable electricity generation levels in the contiguous United States by 2050. The analysis focused on the sufficiency of the geographically diverse U.S. renewable resources to meet electricity demand over future decades, the hourly operational characteristics of the U.S. grid with high levels of variable wind and solar generation, and the potential implications of deploying high levels of renewables in the future. RE Futures focused on technical aspects of high penetration of renewable electricity; it did not focus on how to achieve such a future through policy or other measures. Given the inherent uncertainties involved with analyzing alternative long-term energy futures as well as the multiple pathways that might be taken to achieve higher levels of renewable electricity supply, RE Futures explored a range of scenarios to investigate and compare the impacts of renewable electricity penetration levels (30%-90%), future technology performance improvements, potential constraints to renewable electricity development, and future electricity demand growth assumptions. RE Futures was led by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Augustine, C.; Bain, R.; Chapman, J.; Denholm, P.; Drury, E.; Hall, D.G.; Lantz, E.; Margolis, R.; Thresher, R.; Sandor, D.; Bishop, N.A.; Brown, S.R.; Cada, G.F.; Felker, F.
Analysis of the Behavior of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations with Renewable Generations
Analysis of the Behavior of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations with Renewable Generations Woongsup between electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) with renewable electricity generation facilities (REGFs electricity generation [1]. Therefore, renewable power generation will play a significant role in smart grid
Wong, Vincent
Evaluating Policies to Increase Electricity Generation from Renewable Energy
Building on a review of experience in the United States and the European Union, this article advances four main propositions concerning policies aimed at increasing electricity generation from renewable energy. First, who ...
Role of Energy Storage with Renewable Electricity Generation
Renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, have vast potential to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emissions in the electric sector. Climate change concerns, state initiatives including renewable portfolio standards, and consumer efforts are resulting in increased deployments of both technologies. Both solar photovoltaics (PV) and wind energy have variable and uncertain (sometimes referred to as intermittent) output, which are unlike the dispatchable sources used for the majority of electricity generation in the United States. The variability of these sources has led to concerns regarding the reliability of an electric grid that derives a large fraction of its energy from these sources as well as the cost of reliably integrating large amounts of variable generation into the electric grid. In this report, we explore the role of energy storage in the electricity grid, focusing on the effects of large-scale deployment of variable renewable sources (primarily wind and solar energy).
Denholm, P.; Ela, E.; Kirby, B.; Milligan, M.
Renewable Electricity Generation | Department of Energy
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "of EnergyEnergyENERGYWomen OwnedofDepartmentEnergyFrequency | Department ofMayJoin over 800AsRenewable
Renewable Electricity Generation Success Stories | Department...
Read more water success stories Wind February 18, 2015 Mapping the Frontier of New Wind Power Potential June 17, 2014 Enhanced Efficiency of Wind-Diesel Power Generation in...
Guide to Purchasing Green Power: Renewable Electricity, Renewable...
Purchasing Green Power: Renewable Electricity, Renewable Energy Certificates, and On-Site Renewable Generation Guide to Purchasing Green Power: Renewable Electricity, Renewable...
Renewable Power Options for Electricity Generation on Kaua�i...
7% renewable energy installed in their system. Their strategic plan calls for 50% of electricity from renewable energy by 2023. KIUC is well on their way to achieving this goal...
Renewable Electricity Futures (Presentation)
This presentation library summarizes findings of NREL's Renewable Electricity Futures study, published in June 2012. RE Futures investigated the challenges and impacts of achieving very high renewable electricity generation levels in the contiguous United States by 2050.
Mai, T.
This presentation summarizes findings of NREL's Renewable Electricity Futures study, published in June 2012. RE Futures investigated the challenges and impacts of achieving very high renewable electricity generation levels in the contiguous United States by 2050.
Hand, M. M.
Risk implications of the deployment of renewables for investments in electricity generation
This thesis explores the potential risk implications that a large penetration of intermittent renewable electricity generation -such as wind and solar power- may have on the future electricity generation technology mix, ...
Sisternes, Fernando J. de (Fernando Jos� de Sisternes Jim�nez)
This presentation library summarizes findings of NREL's Renewable Electricity Futures study, published in June 2012. RE Futures investigated the challenges and impacts of achieving very high renewable electricity generation levels in the contiguous United States by 2050. It is being presented at the Utility Variable-Generation Integration Group Fall Technical Workshop on October 24, 2012.
Hand, M.
Producing methane from electrical current generated using renewable energy sources using
Producing methane from electrical current generated using renewable energy sources using power production (33% efficient power plants) (Does not include solar and geothermal energy sources) 3 #12;New Energy Sources Available using Microbial Electrochemical Technologies (METs) · Wastewater
Renewable Generation and Interconnection to the Electrical Grid in Southern California
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
Presentation covers the topic of "Renewable Generation and Interconnection to the Electrical Grid in Southern California," given at the Spring 2010 Federal Utility Partnership Working Group (FUPWG) meeting in Providence, Rhode Island.
This presentation summarizes findings of NREL's Renewable Electricity Futures study, published in June 2012. RE Futures investigated the challenges and impacts of achieving very high renewable electricity generation levels in the contiguous United States by 2050. It was presented in a Power Systems Engineering Research Center webinar on September 4, 2012.
This presentation library summarizes findings of NREL's Renewable Electricity Futures study, published in June 2012. RE Futures investigated the challenges and impacts of achieving very high renewable electricity generation levels in the contiguous United States by 2050. It was presented in an Union of Concerned Scientists webinar on June 12, 2012.
Hand, M.; Mai, T.
This presentation library summarizes findings of NREL's Renewable Electricity Futures study, published in June 2012. RE Futures investigated the challenges and impacts of achieving very high renewable electricity generation levels in the contiguous United States by 2050. It was presented in a webinar given by the California Energy Commission.
This presentation summarizes findings of NREL's Renewable Electricity Futures study, published in June 2012. RE Futures investigated the challenges and impacts of achieving very high renewable electricity generation levels in the contiguous United States by 2050. This presentation was presented in a Wind Powering America webinar on August 15, 2012 and is now available through the Wind Powering America website.
State Renewable Electricity Profiles
Reports and Publications (EIA)
Presents a summary of current and recent historical data for the renewable electric power industry. The data focuses on net summer capacity and net generation for each type of renewable generator, as well as fossil-fired and nuclear power plant types, for the period 2006 through 2010.
Role of Energy Storage with Renewable Electricity Generation (Report Summary) (Presentation)
Renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, have vast potential to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emissions in the electric sector. Climate change concerns, state initiatives including renewable portfolio standards, and consumer efforts are resulting in increased deployments of both technologies. Both solar photovoltaics (PV) and wind energy have variable and uncertain (sometimes referred to as "intermittent") output, which are unlike the dispatchable sources used for the majority of electricity generation in the United States. The variability of these sources has led to concerns regarding the reliability of an electric grid that derives a large fraction of its energy from these sources as well as the cost of reliably integrating large amounts of variable generation into the electric grid. In this report, we explore the role of energy storage in the electricity grid, focusing on the effects of large-scale deployment of variable renewable sources (primarily wind and solar energy).
Renewable Electricity Futures Study Exploration of High-Penetration Renewable Electricity Futures PDF Volume 4 PDF #12;Renewable Electricity Futures Study Edited By Hand, M.M. National Renewable Citations Renewable Electricity Futures Study (Entire Report) National Renewable Energy Laboratory. (2012
Native American Technical Assistance and Training for Renewable Energy Resource Development and Electrical Generation Facilities Management
The Council of Energy Resource Tribes (CERT) will facilitate technical expertise and training of Native Americans in renewable energy resource development for electrical generation facilities, and distributed generation options contributing to feasibility studies, strategic planning and visioning. CERT will also provide information to Tribes on energy efficiency and energy management techniques.This project will provide facilitation and coordination of expertise from government agencies and private industries to interact with Native Americans in ways that will result in renewable energy resource development, energy efficiency program development, and electrical generation facilities management by Tribal entities. The intent of this cooperative agreement is to help build capacity within the Tribes to manage these important resources.
A. David Lester
This presentation library summarizes findings of NREL's Renewable Electricity Futures study, published in June 2012. RE Futures investigated the challenges and impacts of achieving very high renewable electricity generation levels in the contiguous United States by 2050. It was presented to the 2012 Western Conference of Public Service Commissioners, during their June, 2012, meeting. The Western Conference of Public Service Commissioners is a regional association within the National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners (NARUC).
ReEDS Modeling of the President's 2020 U.S. Renewable Electricity Generation Goal (Presentation)
President Obama announced in 2012 an Administration Goal for the United States to double aggregate renewable electricity generation from wind, solar, and geothermal sources by 2020. This analysis, using the Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS) model, explores a full range of future renewable deployment scenarios out to 2020 to assess progress and outlook toward this goal. Under all modeled conditions, consisting of 21 scenarios, the Administration Goal is met before 2020, and as early as 2015.
Zinaman, O.; Mai, T.; Lantz, E.; Gelman, R.; Porro, G.
Renewable Electricity Futures Study End-use Electricity Demand Volume 3 of 4 Volume 2 PDF Volume 3;Renewable Electricity Futures Study Edited By Hand, M.M. National Renewable Energy Laboratory Baldwin, S. U Sandor, D. National Renewable Energy Laboratory Suggested Citations Renewable Electricity Futures Study
Large Scale Deployment of Renewables for Electricity Generation
).38 The small scale of renewable energy projects multiplies the relative costs incurred through multiple administrative processes. For example, biogas plants in Germany require several parallel permit processes designed to address issues such as EU... -cellulose material. Anaerobic digestion or gasification of biomass produces gas that can be used in similar applications to natural gas. Small-scale biogas production is now a well-established technology and large-scale application is in the advanced stages...
Neuhoff, Karsten
EERE FY 2016 Budget Overview -- Renewable Electricity Generation |
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious Rank EERE: Alternative Fuels DataCombined Heat & Power DeploymentYouDepartment of Energy Renewable
Evaluating Policies to Increase the Generation of Electricity from Renewable Energy
Focusing on the U.S. and the E.U., this essay seeks to advance four main propositions. First, the incidence of the short-run costs of programs to subsidize the generation of electricity from renewable sources varies with ...
Renewable Electricity Generation (Fact Sheet), Office of Energy Efficiency
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "of Energy Power.pdf11-161-LNG |September 15,2015 |RebeccaRegionalReliability andEnergy byand Renewable
La Plata Electric Association- Renewable Generation Rebate Program
La Plata Electric Association (LPEA) offers a one-time rebate, not to exceed the cost of the system, to residential and small commercial customers who install a photovoltaic (PV), wind or...
Variable Renewable Generation can Provide Balancing Control to the Electric Power System (Fact Sheet)
As wind and solar plants become more common in the electric power system, they may be called on to provide grid support services to help maintain system reliability. For example, through the use of inertial response, primary frequency response, and automatic generation control (also called secondary frequency response), wind power can provide assistance in balancing the generation and load on the system. These active power (i.e., real power) control services have the potential to assist the electric power system in times of disturbances and during normal conditions while also potentially providing economic value to consumers and variable renewable generation owners. This one-page, two-sided fact sheet discusses the grid-friendly support and benefits renewables can provide to the electric power system.
Renewable Electricity Futures Study Bulk Electric Power Systems: Operations and Transmission by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC. #12;Renewable Electricity Futures Study Edited By Hand, M.M. National Suggested Citations Renewable Electricity Futures Study (Entire Report) National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Renewable Electricity Futures Study Executive Summary NREL is a national laboratory of the U for Sustainable Energy, LLC. Volume 2 PDF Volume 3 PDF Volume 1 PDF Volume 4 PDF #12;Renewable Electricity Futures. National Renewable Energy Laboratory Suggested Citations Renewable Electricity Futures Study (Entire Report
This presentation library summarizes findings of NREL's Renewable Electricity Futures study, published in June 2012. RE Futures investigated the challenges and impacts of achieving very high renewable electricity generation levels in the contiguous United States by 2050. It was presented at Wind Powering America States Summit. The Summit, which follows the American Wind Energy Association's (AWEA's) annual WINDPOWER Conference and Exhibition, provides state Wind Working Groups, state energy officials, U.S. Energy Department and national laboratory representatives, and professional and institutional partners an opportunity to review successes, opportunities, and challenges for wind energy and plan future collaboration.
DeMeo, E.
This presentation library summarizes findings of NREL's Renewable Electricity Futures study, published in June 2012. RE Futures investigated the challenges and impacts of achieving very high renewable electricity generation levels in the contiguous United States by 2050. It was presented at the 2012 RE AMP Annual Meeting. RE-AMP is an active network of 144 nonprofits and foundations across eight Midwestern states working on climate change and energy policy with the goal of reducing global warming pollution economy-wide 80% by 2050.
Production Tax Credit for Renewable Electricity Generation (released in AEO2005)
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, environmental and energy security concerns were addressed at the federal level by several key pieces of energy legislation. Among them, the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 (PURPA), P.L. 95-617, required regulated power utilities to purchase alternative electricity generation from qualified generating facilities, including small-scale renewable generators; and the Investment Tax Credit (ITC), P.L. 95-618, part of the Energy Tax Act of 1978, provided a 10% federal tax credit on new investment in capital-intensive wind and solar generation technologies.
Green Power Renewable Electricity, Renewable
of Air (6202J) EPA430-K-04-015 www.epa.gov/greenpower March 2010 ISBN: 1-56973-577-8 #12;Guide................................................................................................9 Renewable Electricity Products ..................................................18 Developing Criteria for Screening Suppliers and Products
Program Plan for Renewable Energy generation of electricity. Response to Section 2111 of the Energy Policy Act of 1992
A 5-Year Program Plan for providing cost-effective options for generating electricity from renewable energy sources is presented by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. The document covers the Utility-Sector situation, scope of the program, specific generating technologies, and implementation of the program plan.
Fact #840: September 29, 2014 World Renewable Electricity Consumption...
40: September 29, 2014 World Renewable Electricity Consumption is Growing Fact 840: September 29, 2014 World Renewable Electricity Consumption is Growing Electricity generated...
Smoothing the Eects of Renewable Generation on the Distribution Grid
to Grid by Paul Naud Renewable electrical power sourcessystem based on various renewable energy resources. InCRUZ Smoothing the Effects of Renewable Generation on the
Naud, Paul S.
Renewable Power Options for Electrical Generation on Kaua'i: Economics and Performance Modeling
The Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative (HCEI) is working with a team led by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) to assess the economic and technical feasibility of increasing the contribution of renewable energy in Hawaii. This part of the HCEI project focuses on working with Kaua'i Island Utility Cooperative (KIUC) to understand how to integrate higher levels of renewable energy into the electric power system of the island of Kaua'i. NREL partnered with KIUC to perform an economic and technical analysis and discussed how to model PV inverters in the electrical grid.
Burman, K.; Keller, J.; Kroposki, B.; Lilienthal, P.; Slaughter, R.; Glassmire, J.
Renewable Electricity Futures: Exploration of Up to 80% Renewable Electricity Penetration in the United States (Presentation)
Hand, M.; DeMeo, E.; Hostick, D.; Mai, T.; Schlosser, C. A.
Renewable Electricity Futures for the United States
This paper highlights the key results from the Renewable Electricity (RE) Futures Study. It is a detailed consideration of renewable electricity in the United States. The paper focuses on technical issues related to the operability of the U. S. electricity grid and provides initial answers to important questions about the integration of high penetrations of renewable electricity technologies from a national perspective. The results indicate that the future U. S. electricity system that is largely powered by renewable sources is possible and the further work is warranted to investigate this clean generation pathway. The central conclusion of the analysis is that renewable electricity generation from technologies that are commercially available today, in combination with a more flexible electric system, is more than adequate to supply 80% of the total U. S. electricity generation in 2050 while meeting electricity demand on an hourly basis in every region of the United States.
Mai, Trieu; Hand, Maureen; Baldwin, Sam F.; Wiser , Ryan; Brinkman, G.; Denholm, Paul; Arent, Doug; Porro, Gian; Sandor, Debra; Hostick, Donna J.; Milligan, Michael; DeMeo, Ed; Bazilian, Morgan
Trends in Renewable Energy Consumption and Electricity
Presents a summary of the nation�s renewable energy consumption in 2010 along with detailed historical data on renewable energy consumption by energy source and end-use sector. Data presented also includes renewable energy consumption for electricity generation and for non-electric use by energy source, and net summer capacity and net generation by energy source and state. The report covers the period from 2006 through 2010.
Renewable Electricity Futures Study. Executive Summary
Mai, T.; Sandor, D.; Wiser, R.; Schneider, T.
Evolution of Wholesale Electricity Market Design with Increasing Levels of Renewable Generation
Variable generation such as wind and photovoltaic solar power has increased substantially in recent years. Variable generation has unique characteristics compared to the traditional technologies that supply energy in the wholesale electricity markets. These characteristics create unique challenges in planning and operating the power system, and they can also influence the performance and outcomes from electricity markets. This report focuses on two particular issues related to market design: revenue sufficiency for long-term reliability and incentivizing flexibility in short-term operations. The report provides an overview of current design and some designs that have been proposed by industry or researchers.
Ela, E.; Milligan, M.; Bloom, A.; Botterud, A.; Townsend, A.; Levin, T.
Effect of real-time electricity pricing on renewable generators and system emissions
Real-time retail pricing (RTP) of electricity, in which the retail price is allowed to vary with very little time delay in response to changes in the marginal cost of generation, offers expected short-run and long-run ...
Connolly, Jeremiah P. (Jeremiah Peter)
Impact of Generator Flexibility on Electric System Costs and Integration of Renewable Energy
Flexibility of traditional generators plays an important role in accommodating the increased variability and uncertainty of wind and solar on the electric power system. Increased flexibility can be achieved with changes to operational practices or upgrades to existing generation. One challenge is in understanding the value of increasing flexibility, and how this value may change given higher levels of variable generation. This study uses a commercial production cost model to measure the impact of generator flexibility on the integration of wind and solar generators. We use a system that is based on two balancing areas in the Western United States with a range of wind and solar penetrations between 15% and 60%, where instantaneous penetration of wind and solar is limited to 80%.
Palchak, D.; Denholm, P.
Renewable Power Options for Electricity Generation on Kaua�i: Economics and Performance Modeling
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
The Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative (HCEI) is working with a team led by the U.S. Department of Energy�s (DOE) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) to assess the economic and technical feasibility of increasing the contribution of renewable energy in Hawaii.
Renewable Electricity Futures Study. Volume 1: Exploration of High-Penetration Renewable Electricity Futures
Mai, T.; Wiser, R.; Sandor, D.; Brinkman, G.; Heath, G.; Denholm, P.; Hostick, D.J.; Darghouth, N.; Schlosser, A.; Strzepek, K.
The renewable electric plant information system
This report explains the procedures used for creating the Renewable Electric Plant Information System (REPiS) database, describes the database fields, and summarizes the data. The REPiS database contains comprehensive information on grid-connected renewable electric generation plants in the United States. Originally designed in 1987 and updated in 1990, the database includes information through 1994. The report also illustrates ways of using the data for analysis is and describes how researchers validated the data.
Sinclair, K.
Renewable Generation Requirement
In 1999 the Public Utility Commission of Texas (PUCT) adopted rules for the state's Renewable Energy Mandate, establishing a renewable portfolio standard (RPS), a renewable-energy credit (REC)...
Distributed Generation and Renewable Energy in
Distributed Generation and Renewable Energy in the Electric Cooperative Sector Ed Torrero Cooperative Research Network (CRN) National Rural Electric Cooperative Association September 22, 2004 #12 in Durango, CO Plug Power Fuel Cell at Fort Jackson, SC LoganEnergy #12;Power Supply Program Distributed
Renewable Electricity Standard
In November 2008, voters in Missouri enacted Proposition C, a ballot initiative that repealed the state�s existing voluntary renewable energy and energy efficiency objective and replaced it with an...
Figure 1. Nonhydroelectric renewable generation
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) Indexed Site
1. Nonhydroelectric renewable generation" " (billion kilowatthours)" ,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024,2025,2026,2027,2028,...
Presentation to EAC: Renewable Electricity Futures Activities...
Presentation to the Electricity Advisory Committee, October 29, 2010, on Renewable Electricity Futures Activities & Status. The presentation provides a high-level overview of the...
Mohave Electric Cooperative- Renewable Energy Incentive Program
Mohave Electric Cooperative provides incentives for its customers to install renewable energy systems on their homes and businesses. Mohave Electric Cooperative will provide rebates for...
GENERATING ELECTRICITY USING OCEAN WAVES A RENEWABLE SOURCE OF ENERGY REPORT FOR THE HONG KONG ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED Dr L F Yeung Mr Paul Hodgson Dr Robin Bradbeer July 2007 #12;Ocean Waves and construction of equipment that could measure and log wave conditions and tide levels at Hoi Ha Wan. Prototypes
Bradbeer, Robin Sarah
Renewable Electricity Production Tax Credit (PTC)
'''''Note: The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 allows taxpayers eligible for the federal renewable electricity production tax credit (PTC) to take the federal business energy...
Exemption from Electric Generation Tax (Connecticut)
In 2011, Connecticut created a new tax requiring electric power plants in the state that generate and upload electricity to the regional bulk power grid to pay $2.50 per megawatt hour. Renewable...
Eastern Renewable Generation Integration Study (Presentation)
This presentation provides a high-level overview of the Eastern Renewable Generation Integration Study process, scenarios, tools, and goals.
Bloom, A.
Optimized Energy Management for Large Organizations Utilizing an On-Site PHEV fleet, Storage Devices and Renewable Electricity Generation
Abstract This paper focuses on the daily electricity management problem for organizations with a large number of employees working within a relatively small geographic location. The organization manages its electric grid including limited on-site energy generation facilities, energy storage facilities, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) charging stations installed in the parking lots. A mixed integer linear program (MILP) is modeled and implemented to assist the organization in determining the temporal allocation of available resources that will minimize energy costs. We consider two cost compensation strategies for PHEV owners: (1) cost equivalent battery replacement reimbursement for utilizing vehicle to grid (V2G) services from PHEVs; (2) gasoline equivalent cost for undercharging of PHEV batteries. Our case study, based on the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) campus, produced encouraging results and substantiates the importance of controlled PHEV fleet charging as opposed to uncontrolled charging methods. We further established the importance of realizing V2G capabilities provided by PHEVs in terms of significantly reducing energy costs for the organization.
Dashora, Yogesh [University of Texas, Austin; Barnes, J. Wesley [University of Texas, Austin; Pillai, Rekha S [ORNL; Combs, Todd E [ORNL; Hilliard, Michael R [ORNL
Managing Variable Energy Resources to Increase Renewable Electricity's
Managing Variable Energy Resources to Increase Renewable Electricity's Contribution to the Grid P o Contribution of Renewable Energy to Total Electricity Generation? 15 ManaGInG VaRIablE EnERGy REsouRCEs 16 What l i c y m a k e r G u i d e #12;Variable energy resources, such as wind power, now produce about 3
Renewable Electricity Futures Study. Volume 4: Bulk Electric Power Systems: Operations and Transmission Planning
Milligan, M.; Ela, E.; Hein, J.; Schneider, T.; Brinkman, G.; Denholm, P.
Renewable Electricity Futures Study. Volume 3: End-Use Electricity Demand
Hostick, D.; Belzer, D.B.; Hadley, S.W.; Markel, T.; Marnay, C.; Kintner-Meyer, M.
Energy for Keeps: Electricity and Renewable Energy Teacher Information...
for Keeps: Electricity and Renewable Energy Teacher Information Energy for Keeps: Electricity and Renewable Energy Teacher Information Below is information about the student...
Power Systems Engineering Research Center Renewable Electricity Futures
levels of renewable electricity, including variable wind and solar generation. The study also identifies Laboratory. His particular interest is in capacity expansion and dispatch modeling of the electric- ity earned his PhD in theoretical physics from the University of California Santa Cruz. Speaker Contact
Van Veen, Barry D.
Evaluating Interventions in the U.S. Electricity System: Assessments of Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy,
of Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy, and Small-Scale Cogeneration from electricity generation. Renewable energy, energy efficiency, and energy, where performance is measured relative to three objectives: energy production
Renewable Energy For Electric Utilities (New Mexico)
The purpose of this rule is to implement the Renewable Energy Act, and to bring significant economic development and environmental benefits to New Mexico. This rule applies to electric public...
Eastern Renewable Generation Integration Study (Fact Sheet)
This one-page, two-sided fact sheet provides an overview of the Eastern Renewable Generation and Integration Study process.
Comparative Analysis of Three Proposed Federal Renewable Electricity Standards
This paper analyzes potential impacts of proposed national renewable electricity standard (RES) legislation. An RES is a mandate requiring certain electricity retailers to provide a minimum share of their electricity sales from qualifying renewable power generation. The analysis focuses on draft bills introduced individually by Senator Jeff Bingaman and Representative Edward Markey, and jointly by Representative Henry Waxman and Markey. The analysis uses NREL's Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS) model to evaluate the impacts of the proposed RES requirements on the U.S. energy sector in four scenarios.
Sullivan, P.; Logan, J.; Bird, L.; Short, W.
Please cite this article in press as: Hughes L, Meeting residential space heating demand with wind-generated electricity, Renewable Energy (2009), doi:10.1016/j.renene.2009.11.014
, or compressed air (Blarke and Lund 2008). Energy suppliers are forced to go to these lengths when integrating. The benefits as well as the limitations of the approach are discussed in detail. Keywords: Energy storage- generated electricity, Renewable Energy (2009), doi:10.1016/j.renene.2009.11.014 ERG/200909 Meeting
Hughes, Larry
Investment Model for Renewable Electricity Systems (IMRES): an
commitment and energy dispatch are taken jointly. The purpose of this model is to determine the minimum cost-016 AJointCenteroftheDepartmentofEconomics,MITEnergyInitiativeandMITSloanSchoolofManagement. #12;Investment electricity generation capacity mix in systems with a high penetration of intermittent renewable energy
McCalley, James D.
Power System Modeling of 20percent Wind-Generated Electricity by 2030
Contribution to U.S. Electricity Supply. National Renewable20% of the nation's electricity from wind technology byTERMS wind-generated electricity; wind energy; 20% wind
Hand, Maureen
Publicly-Owned Electric Utilities and the California Renewables
Publicly-Owned Electric Utilities and the California Renewables Portfolio Standard: A Summary Salazar Contract Manager Heather Raitt Project Manager Drake Johnson Acting Office Manager RENEWABLE ENERGY OFFICE Valerie Hall Deputy Director EFFICIENCY, RENEWABLES & DEMAND ANALYSIS DIVISION B. B
Renewable Energy Generation Zone Property Tax Abatement
Local areas in Mimssouri can be designated as Renewable Energy Generation Zones and receive property tax abatements as part of the Enhanced Enterprise Zone program. Legislation (H.B. 737) enacted...
Procurement Options for New Renewable Electricity Supply
State renewable portfolio standard (RPS) policies require utilities and load-serving entities (LSEs) to procure renewable energy generation. Utility procurement options may be a function of state policy and regulatory preferences, and in some cases, may be dictated by legislative authority. Utilities and LSEs commonly use competitive solicitations or bilateral contracting to procure renewable energy supply to meet RPS mandates. However, policymakers and regulators in several states are beginning to explore the use of alternatives, namely feed-in tariffs (FITs) and auctions to procure renewable energy supply. This report evaluates four procurement strategies (competitive solicitations, bilateral contracting, FITs, and auctions) against four main criteria: (1) pricing; (2) complexity and efficiency of the procurement process; (3) impacts on developers access to markets; and (4) ability to complement utility decision-making processes. These criteria were chosen because they take into account the perspective of each group of stakeholders: ratepayers, regulators, utilities, investors, and developers.
Kreycik, C. E.; Couture, T. D.; Cory, K. S.
Tax Credits and Renewable Generation (released in AEO2009)
Tax incentives have been an important factor in the growth of renewable generation over the past decade, and they could continue to be important in the future. The Energy Tax Act of 1978 (Public Law 95-618) established ITCs for wind, and EPACT92 established the Renewable Electricity Production Credit (more commonly called the PTC) as an incentive to promote certain kinds of renewable generation beyond wind on the basis of production levels. Specifically, the PTC provided an inflation-adjusted tax credit of 1.5 cents per kilowatthour for generation sold from qualifying facilities during the first 10 years of operation. The credit was available initially to wind plants and facilities that used closed-loop biomass fuels and were placed in service after passage of the Act and before June 1999.
Managing Wind-based Electricity Generation and Storage
Managing Wind-based Electricity Generation and Storage by Yangfang Zhou Submitted to the Tepper, and to meet increasing electricity demand without harming the environment. Two of the most promising solutions for the energy issue are to rely on renewable energy, and to develop efficient electricity storage. Renewable
Sadeh, Norman M.
Thermoacoustic magnetohydrodynamic electrical generator
DOE Patents [OSTI]
A thermoacoustic magnetohydrodynamic electrical generator includes an intrinsically irreversible thermoacoustic heat engine coupled to a magnetohydrodynamic electrical generator. The heat engine includes an electrically conductive liquid metal as the working fluid and includes two heat exchange and thermoacoustic structure assemblies which drive the liquid in a push-pull arrangement to cause the liquid metal to oscillate at a resonant acoustic frequency on the order of 1000 Hz. The engine is positioned in the field of a magnet and is oriented such that the liquid metal oscillates in a direction orthogonal to the field of the magnet, whereby an alternating electrical potential is generated in the liquid metal. Low-loss, low-inductance electrical conductors electrically connected to opposite sides of the liquid metal conduct an output signal to a transformer adapted to convert the low-voltage, high-current output signal to a more usable higher voltage, lower current signal.
Wheatley, J.C.; Swift, G.W.; Migliori, A.
A thermoacoustic magnetohydrodynamic electrical generator includes an intrinsically irreversible thermoacoustic heat engine coupled to a magnetohydrodynamic electrical generator. The heat engine includes an electrically conductive liquid metal as the working fluid and includes two heat exchange and thermoacoustic structure assemblies which drive the liquid in a push-pull arrangement to cause the liquid metal to oscillate at a resonant acoustic frequency on the order of 1,000 Hz. The engine is positioned in the field of a magnet and is oriented such that the liquid metal oscillates in a direction orthogonal to the field of the magnet, whereby an alternating electrical potential is generated in the liquid metal. Low-loss, low-inductance electrical conductors electrically connected to opposite sides of the liquid metal conduct an output signal to a transformer adapted to convert the low-voltage, high-current output signal to a more usable higher voltage, lower current signal.
Wheatley, John C. (Los Alamos, NM); Swift, Gregory W. (Los Alamos, NM); Migliori, Albert (Santa Fe, NM)
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Fiscal Year...
Renewable Electricity Generation Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Fiscal Year 2014 Budget Rollout - Renewable Electricity Generation Office of Energy Efficiency and...
Request for Information Renewable Energy Generation/Production...
Renewable Energy GenerationProduction Shreveport Airport Authority - Response Deadline 2 January 2014 Home > Groups > Renewable Energy RFPs Rosborne318's picture Submitted by...
Renewable Energy: Distributed Generation Policies and Programs...
resources. Net Metering State net metering policies allow customers to produce onsite electricity and sell excess generation to the utility at a set price, which creates an...
Generating electricity from viruses
Berkeley Lab's Seung-Wuk Lee discusses "Generating electricity from viruses" in this Oct. 28, 2013 talk, which is part of a Science at the Theater event entitled Eight Big Ideas.
Lee, Seung-Wuk
ScienceCinema (OSTI)
The effectiveness of the policies on renewable electricity in China
After the legislation of the Renewable Energy Law, China's government established a series of policies to promote renewable energy source electricity (RES-e) from 2005-2012. The effectiveness of the policies varies depending ...
Xiao, Qing S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Renewable Electricity: Insights for the Coming Decade
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1 -the Mid-Infrared at 278, 298,NIST31 ORV 15051Soil VaporRenewable Electricity:
and solar energy--is free, abundant, and most importantly, does not exacerbate the global warming problemManaging Wind-based Electricity Generation and Storage by Yangfang Zhou Submitted to the Tepper on renewable energy, and to develop efficient electricity storage. Renewable energy--such as wind energy
Communication and Control of Electric Vehicles Supporting Renewables: Preprint
Discusses the technologies needed, potential scenarios, limitations, and opportunities for using grid-connected renewable energy to fuel the electric vehicles of the future.
Markel, T.; Kuss, M.; Denholm, P.
Promoting electricity from renewable energy sources -- lessons learned from the EU, U.S. and Japan
schemes in the European electricity market. Scheer H. , ThePromoting electricity from renewable energy sources �2001 on the promotion of electricity produced from renewable
Haas, Reinhard
Optimal Integration of Renewable Energy Resources in Data Centers with Behind-the-Meter Renewable Generator
1 Optimal Integration of Renewable Energy Resources in Data Centers with Behind-the-Meter Renewable-- Renewable energy resources, such as wind and solar power, are rapidly becoming generation technologies-temporal variations, the integration of renewable energy resources is usually very challenging. Some of the previously
Mohsenian-Rad, Hamed
Integrating Renewables and CHP into the UK Electricity System
Integrating Renewables and CHP into the UK Electricity System Xueguang Wu, Nick Jenkins, Goran Report 13 #12;1 Integrating Renewables and CHP into the UK Electricity System Tyndall Centre Technical and Regional CHP Projections to 2010 ...............................................18 2.5 Scenarios
Watson, Andrew
Smart buildings with electric vehicle interconnection as buffer for local renewables?
as buffer for local renewables? Michael Stadler, Gon�aloas buffer for local renewables? *) Michael Stadler Gon�aloowners to integrate renewables and electric vehicles?
Stadler, Michael
pro- duction to come from renewable resources. In the 2011 State of the Union Address, President ObamaBATTERY STORAGE CONTROL FOR STEADYING RENEWABLE POWER GENERATION By Shengyuan (Mike) Chen, Emilie-626-7370 URL: http://www.ima.umn.edu #12;Battery Storage Control for Steadying Renewable Power Generation
Holy Cross Energy- WE CARE Renewable Energy Generation Rebate Program
Holy Cross Energy's WE CARE (With Efficiency, Conservation And Renewable Energy) Program offers a $1.50-per-watt DC incentive for renewable energy generation using wind, hydroelectric, photovoltaic...
Scaling-up Renewable Electricity in BC: Tackling the Institutional and Political Challenges
Scaling-up Renewable Electricity in BC: Tackling the Institutional and Political Challenges Dr.................................................................................................................................... 4 2. Renewable Electricity and Hydropower in BC................................................................................................... 6 3. Institutions and Processes for Renewable Electricity Development
Pedersen, Tom
Electricity Generation by Rhodopseudomonas palustris
,6). Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 and Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA are two DMRB capable of electricity generationElectricity Generation by Rhodopseudomonas palustris DX-1 D E F E N G X I N G , , Y I Z U O manuscript received March 20, 2008. Accepted March 25, 2008. Bacteria able to generate electricity
Electrical Generation for More-Electric Aircraft using Solid...
Electrical Generation for More-Electric Aircraft using Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Electrical Generation for More-Electric Aircraft using Solid Oxide Fuel Cells This study, completed by...
The role of hydroelectric generation in electric power systems with large scale wind generation
An increasing awareness of the operational challenges created by intermittent generation of electricity from policy-mandated renewable resources, such as wind and solar, has led to increased scrutiny of the public policies ...
Hagerty, John Michael
Quantifying avoided emissions from renewable generation
Quantifying the reduced emissions due to renewable power integration and providing increasingly accurate emissions analysis has become more important for policy makers in the age of renewable portfolio standards (RPS) and ...
Gomez, Gabriel R. (Gabriel Rodriguez)
Distributed Renewable Energy Generation and Landscape Architecture: A Critical Review.
??Governments and utility organizations around the world have mandated and provided incentives for new distributed renewable energy generation (DREG) capacity, and market projections indicate strong� (more)
Beck, Osmer DeVon
High Performance, Low Cost Hydrogen Generation from Renewable...
Performance, Low Cost Hydrogen Generation from Renewable Energy 2011 DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program, and Vehicle Technologies Program Annual Merit Review and Peer...
Nuclear-renewables energy system for hydrogen and electricity production
Climate change concerns and expensive oil call for a different mix of energy technologies. Nuclear and renewables attract attention because of their ability to produce electricity while cutting carbon emissions. However ...
Haratyk, Geoffrey
Evaluating Renewable Portfolio Standards and Carbon Cap Scenarios in the U.S. Electric Sector
This report examines the impact of various renewable portfolio standards (RPS) and cap-and-trade policy options on the U.S. electricity sector, focusing mainly on renewable energy generation. The analysis uses the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS) model that simulates the least-cost expansion of electricity generation capacity and transmission in the United States to examine the impact of an emissions cap--similar to that proposed in the Waxman-Markey bill (H.R. 2454)--as well as lower and higher cap scenarios. It also examines the effects of combining various RPS targets with the emissions caps. The generation mix, carbon emissions, and electricity price are examined for various policy combinations to simulate the effect of implementing policies simultaneously.
Bird, L.; Chapman, C.; Logan, J.; Sumner, J.; Short, W.
Analysis of Hydrogen Production from Renewable Electricity Sources: Preprint
To determine the potential for hydrogen production via renewable electricity sources, three aspects of the system are analyzed: a renewable hydrogen resource assessment, a cost analysis of hydrogen production via electrolysis, and the annual energy requirements of producing hydrogen for refueling. The results indicate that ample resources exist to produce transportation fuel from wind and solar power. However, hydrogen prices are highly dependent on electricity prices.
Levene, J. I.; Mann, M. K.; Margolis, R.; Milbrandt, A.
Nuclear-Renewable Hybrid System Economic Basis for Electricity, Fuel, and Hydrogen
Concerns about climate change and altering the ocean chemistry are likely to limit the use of fossil fuels. That implies a transition to a low-carbon nuclear-renewable electricity grid. Historically variable electricity demand was met using fossil plants with low capital costs, high operating costs, and substantial greenhouse gas emissions. However, the most easily scalable very-low-emissions generating options, nuclear and non-dispatchable renewables (solar and wind), are capital-intensive technologies with low operating costs that should operate at full capacities to minimize costs. No combination of fully-utilized nuclear and renewables can meet the variable electricity demand. This implies large quantities of expensive excess generating capacity much of the time. In a free market this results in near-zero electricity prices at times of high nuclear renewables output and low electricity demand with electricity revenue collapse. Capital deployment efficiency�the economic benefit derived from energy systems capital investment at a societal level�strongly favors high utilization of these capital-intensive systems, especially if low-carbon nuclear renewables are to replace fossil fuels. Hybrid energy systems are one option for better utilization of these systems that consumes excess energy at times of low prices to make some useful product.The economic basis for development of hybrid energy systems is described for a low-carbon nuclear renewable world where much of the time there are massivequantities of excess energy available from the electric sector.Examples include (1) high-temperature electrolysis to generate hydrogen for non-fossil liquid fuels, direct use as a transport fuel, metal reduction, etc. and (2) biorefineries.Nuclear energy with its concentrated constant heat output may become the enabling technology for economically-viable low-carbon electricity grids because hybrid nuclear systems may provide an economic way to produce dispatachable variable electricity with economic base-load operation of the reactor.
Charles Forsberg; Steven Aumeier
Registration of Electric Generators (Connecticut)
All electric generating facilities operating in the state, with the exception of hydroelectric and nuclear facilities, must obtain a certificate of registration from the Department of Public...
Eastern Renewable Generation Integration Study: Initial Results (Poster)
This poster presents an overview of the Eastern Renewable Generation Integration Study, which aims to answer critical questions about the future of the Eastern Interconnection under high levels of solar and wind generation penetration.
Bloom, A.; Townsend, A.; Hummon, M.; Weekley, A.; Clark, K.; King, J.
Farmers Electric Cooperative (Kalona)- Renewable Energy Purchase Rate
Farmers Electric Cooperative offers a production incentive to members that install qualifying wind and solar electricity generating systems. Qualifying grid-tied solar and wind energy systems are...
Implementation of optimum solar electricity generating system
Under the 10{sup th} Malaysian Plan, the government is expecting the renewable energy to contribute approximately 5.5% to the total electricity generation by the year 2015, which amounts to 98MW. One of the initiatives to ensure that the target is achievable was to establish the Sustainable Energy Development Authority of Malaysia. SEDA is given the authority to administer and manage the implementation of the feed-in tariff (FiT) mechanism which is mandated under the Renewable Energy Act 2011. The move to establish SEDA is commendable and the FiT seems to be attractive but there is a need to create awareness on the implementation of the solar electricity generating system (SEGS). In Malaysia, harnessing technologies related to solar energy resources have great potential for implementation. However, the main issue that plagues the implementation of SEGS is the intermittent nature of this source of energy. The availability of sunlight is during the day time, and there is a need for electrical energy storage system, so that there is electricity available during the night time as well. The meteorological condition such as clouds, haze and pollution affects the SEGS as well. The PV based SEGS is seems to be promising electricity generating system that can contribute towards achieving the 5.5% target and will be able to minimize the negative effects of utilizing fossil fuels for electricity generation on the environment. Malaysia is committed to Kyoto Protocol, which emphasizes on fighting global warming by achieving stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. In this paper, the technical aspects of the implementation of optimum SEGS is discussed, especially pertaining to the positioning of the PV panels.
Singh, Balbir Singh Mahinder, E-mail: email@example.com; Karim, Samsul Ariffin A., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 31750 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak (Malaysia); Sivapalan, Subarna, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Management and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 31750 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak (Malaysia); Najib, Nurul Syafiqah Mohd; Menon, Pradeep [Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 31750 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak (Malaysia)
Development of renewable energy Challenges for the electrical grids
, Geothermal energy... · The Voice of the Renewable Energy sector for Government & public authorities, TSOs energy consumption · Electricity : new RES capacities 19 000 MW onshore wind 6 000 MW offshore wind #12;RES Development Objectives (Electricity) Objectif 2020 : RES in global energy consumption 2010
Canet, Léonie
The integration of renewable energy sources into electric power transmission systems
Renewable energy technologies such as photovoltaics, solar thermal power plants, and wind turbines are nonconventional, environmentally attractive sources of energy that can be considered for electric power generation. Many of the areas with abundant renewable energy resources (very sunny or windy areas) are far removed from major load centers. Although electrical power can be transmitted over long distances of many hundreds of miles through high-voltage transmission lines, power transmission systems often operate near their limits with little excess capacity for new generation sources. This study assesses the available capacity of transmission systems in designated abundant renewable energy resource regions and identifies the requirements for high-capacity plant integration in selected cases. In general, about 50 MW of power from renewable sources can be integrated into existing transmission systems to supply local loads without transmission upgrades beyond the construction of a substation to connect to the grid. Except in the Southwest, significant investment to strengthen transmission systems will be required to support the development of high-capacity renewable sources of 1000 MW or greater in areas remote from major load centers. Cost estimates for new transmission facilities to integrate and dispatch some of these high-capacity renewable sources ranged from several million dollars to approximately one billion dollars, with the latter figure an increase in total investment of 35%, assuming that the renewable source is the only user of the transmission facility.
Barnes, P.R.; Dykas, W.P.; Kirby, B.J.; Purucker, S.L. [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States); Lawler, J.S. [Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Method for protecting an electric generator
A method for protecting an electrical generator which includes providing an electrical generator which is normally synchronously operated with an electrical power grid; providing a synchronizing signal from the electrical generator; establishing a reference signal; and electrically isolating the electrical generator from the electrical power grid if the synchronizing signal is not in phase with the reference signal.
Kuehnle, Barry W. (Ammon, ID); Roberts, Jeffrey B. (Ammon, ID); Folkers, Ralph W. (Ammon, ID)
Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Powered by Renewable Hydrogen
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) recently received a Borrego fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) on loan from Kia for display at a variety of summer events. The Borrego is fueled using renewable hydrogen that is produced and dispensed at NREL's National Wind Technology Center near Boulder, Colorado. The hydrogen dispensed at the station is produced via renewable electrolysis as part of the wind-to-hydrogen project, which uses wind turbines and photovoltaic arrays to power electrolyzer stacks that split water into hydrogen and oxygen. The FCEV features state-of-the-art technology with zero harmful emissions.
Willingness to pay for electricity from renewable energy
National polls reveal widespread public preference and willingness to pay more for renewables. ``Green pricing`` programs attempt to capitalize on these preferences and on an expressed willingness to pay more for environmental protection. This report explores the utility option of green pricing as a method of aggregating public preferences for renewables. It summarizes national data on public preferences for renewables and willingness to pay (WTP) for electricity from renewable energy sources; examines utility market studies on WTP for renewables and green-pricing program features; critiques utility market research on green pricing; and discusses experiences with selected green-pricing programs. The report draws inferences for program design and future research. Given the limited experiences with the programs so far, the evidence suggests that programs in which customers pay a monthly premium for a specific renewable electricity product elicit a higher monthly financial commitment per customer than programs asking for contributions to unspecified future actions involving renewables. The experience with green-pricing programs is summarized and factors likely to affect customer participation are identified.
Farhar, B.C.; Houston, A.H.
Effective Renewable Energy Policy: Leave It to the States?
Berkeley Effective Renewable Energy Policy: Leave It to therealities related to renewable energy policy suggest thatof a new energy policy�using renewable electric generation
Weissman, Steven
Eastern Renewable Generation Integration Study Solar Dataset (Presentation)
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory produced solar power production data for the Eastern Renewable Generation Integration Study (ERGIS) including "real time" 5-minute interval data, "four hour ahead forecast" 60-minute interval data, and "day-ahead forecast" 60-minute interval data for the year 2006. This presentation provides a brief overview of the three solar power datasets.
Hummon, M.
Liquid soap film generates electricity
We have observed that a rotating liquid soap film generates electricity when placed between two non-contact electrodes with a sufficiently large potential difference. In our experiments suspended liquid film (water + soap film) is formed on the surface of a circular frame, which is forced to rotate in the $x-y$ horizontal plane by a motor. This system is located at the center of two capacitor-like vertical plates to apply an external electric voltage difference in the $x-$direction. The produced electric current is collected from the liquid film using two conducting electrodes that are separated in the $y-$direction. We previously reported that a liquid film in an external electric field rotates when an electric current passes through it, naming it the liquid film motor (LFM). In this paper we report a novel technique, in which a similar device can be used as an electric generator, converting the rotating mechanical energy to electrical energy. The liquid film electric generator (LFEG) is in stark contrast to the LFM, both of which could be designed similarly in very small scales like micro scales with different applications. Although the device is comparable to commercial electric motors or electric generators, there is a significant difference in their working principles. Usually in an electric motor or generator the magnetic field causes the driving force, while in a LFM or LFEG the Coulomb force is the driving force. This fact is also interesting from the Bio-science point of view and brings a similarity to bio motors. Here we have investigated the electrical characteristics of such a generator for the first time experimentally and modelled the phenomenon with electroconvection governing equations. A numerical simulation is performed using the local approximation for the charge-potential relation and results are in qualitative agreement with experiments.
Ahmad Amjadi; Sadegh Feiz; Reza Montazeri Namin
DE-AC05-76RL01830 Electrical Generation for More-Electric Aircraft using Solid Oxide Fuel Cells GA Whyatt LA Chick April 2012 PNNL-XXXXX Electrical Generation for More- Electric...
NASA/FPL Renewable Project Case Study: Space Coast Next Generation...
NASAFPL Renewable Project Case Study: Space Coast Next Generation Solar Energy Center NASAFPL Renewable Project Case Study: Space Coast Next Generation Solar Energy Center...
tax incentives, TGC) PV feed in �Renewable energy act� �renewable energy funds, typically collected through electricity surcharges, and these funds have developed incentiveincentives Private investors get tax credits for investments in using renewable energies (
Clean Electric Power Generation (Canada)
Fossil fuels in Canada account for 27 percent of the electricity generated. The combustion of these fuels is a major source of emissions which affect air quality and climate change. The Government...
Financial Impact of Energy Efficiency under a Federal Renewable Electricity Standard: Case Study of a Kansas "super-utility"
state-based renewable energy policies have significantlyin renewable electricity and energy-efficiency policy.s renewable energy sources and energy efficiency policy
Cappers, Peter
EIA - Electricity Generating Capacity
Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Update (EIA)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) " ,"Click worksheet9,1,50022,3,,,,6,1,,781 2,328 2,683Diesel prices increaseAEO2014 EarlyElectricity
State Policies Provide Critical Support for Renewable Electricity
against other renewable resource options. Acknowledgementsgeneration supply from renewable resources. RPS purchaseprocuring new renewable resources prior to enactment of
Barbose, Galen
AEO Early Release 2013 - renewable generation
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary)morphinanInformation Desert SouthwestTechnologies |November 2011A FirstEMSLAEMSL341AACEiiRenewables account
Integrating High Levels of Renewables into the Lanai Electric...
Wind turbine * Run-of-river hydropower * Biomass power * Generator: diesel, gasoline, biogas, alternative and custom fuels, co- fired * Electric utility grid * Microturbine * Fuel...
NV Energy- RenewableGenerations Rebate Program
'''''Note: The WindGenerations Program and elements of the SolarGenerations Program are currently closed. AB 428 (2013) made several changes to this program, and tasked the Public Utilities...
Demonstration of Security Benefits of Renewable Generation at FE Warren Air Force Base
Report detailing field demonstration of security benefits of renewable generation at FE Warren Air Force Base.
Warwick, William M.; Myers, Kurt; Seifert, Gary
Review of Operational Water Consumption and Withdrawal Factors for Electricity Generating Technologies
Various studies have attempted to consolidate published estimates of water use impacts of electricity generating technologies, resulting in a wide range of technologies and values based on different primary sources of literature. The goal of this work is to consolidate the various primary literature estimates of water use during the generation of electricity by conventional and renewable electricity generating technologies in the United States to more completely convey the variability and uncertainty associated with water use in electricity generating technologies.
Macknick, J.; Newmark, R.; Heath, G.; Hallett, K. C.
Electrical Energy Storage for Renewable Energy Systems
This program focused on development of the fundamental understanding necessary to significantly improve advanced battery and ultra-capacitor materials and systems to achieve significantly higher power and energy density on the one hand, and significantly lower cost on the other. This program spanned all the way from atomic-level theory, to new nanomaterials syntheses and characterization, to system modeling and bench-scale technology demonstration. Significant accomplishments are detailed in each section. Those particularly noteworthy include: � Transition metal silicate cathodes with 2x higher storage capacity than commercial cobalt oxide cathodes were demonstrated. � MnO? nanowires, which are a promising replacement for RuO?, were synthesized � PAN-based carbon nanofibers were prepared and characterized with an energy density 30-times higher than current ultracapacitors on the market and comparable to lead-acid batteries � An optimization-based control strategy for real-time power management of battery storage in wind farms was developed and demonstrated. � PVDF films were developed with breakdown strengths of > 600MVm?�, a maximum energy density of approximately 15 Jcm?�, and an average dielectric constant of 9.8 (�1.2). Capacitors made from these films can support a 10-year lifetime operating at an electric field of 200 MV m?�. This program not only delivered significant advancements in fundamental understanding and new materials and technology, it also showcased the power of the cross-functional, multi-disciplinary teams at UT Dallas and UT Tyler for such work. These teams are continuing this work with other sources of funding from both industry and government.
Helms, C. R.; Cho, K. J.; Ferraris, John; Balkus, Ken; Chabal, Yves; Gnade, Bruce; Rotea, Mario; Vasselli, John
Renewable Electricity in the Annual Energy Outlook (AEO)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia,(Million Barrels) Crude Oil Reserves in NonproducingAdditions to Capacity on CokersA2. For Renewable Electricity
Modeling Operational Constraints imposed by Renewable Generation
4 #12;Operational effects into NETPLAN G LX L T R 5 #12;Effect of Wind on Load Following 10 min, that include: Regulation, Intra-hour and inter-hour load following, Contingency reserves, Generation cycling
Daniels, Thomas E.
Third Generation Flywheels for electric storage
Electricity is critical to our economy, but growth in demand has saturated the power grid causing instability and blackouts. The economic penalty due to lost productivity in the US exceeds $100 billion per year. Opposition to new transmission lines and power plants, environmental restrictions, and an expected $100 billion grid upgrade cost have slowed system improvements. Flywheel electricity storage could provide a more economical, environmentally benign alternative and slash economic losses if units could be scaled up in a cost effective manner to much larger power and capacity than the present maximum of a few hundred kW and a few kWh per flywheel. The goal of this project is to design, construct, and demonstrate a small-scale third generation electricity storage flywheel using a revolutionary architecture scalable to megawatt-hours per unit. First generation flywheels are built from bulk materials such as steel and provide inertia to smooth the motion of mechanical devices such as engines. They can be scaled up to tens of tons or more, but have relatively low energy storage density. Second generation flywheels use similar designs but are fabricated with composite materials such as carbon fiber and epoxy. They are capable of much higher energy storage density but cannot economically be built larger than a few kWh of storage capacity due to structural and stability limitations. LaunchPoint is developing a third generation flywheel � the "Power Ring" � with energy densities as high or higher than second generation flywheels and a totally new architecture scalable to enormous sizes. Electricity storage capacities exceeding 5 megawatt-hours per unit appear both technically feasible and economically attractive. Our design uses a new class of magnetic bearing � a radial gap �shear-force levitator� � that we discovered and patented, and a thin-walled composite hoop rotated at high speed to store kinetic energy. One immediate application is power grid frequency regulation, where Power Rings could cut costs, reduce fuel consumption, eliminate emissions, and reduce the need for new power plants. Other applications include hybrid diesel-electric locomotives, grid power quality, support for renewable energy, spinning reserve, energy management, and facility deferral. Decreased need for new generation and transmission alone could save the nation $2.5 billion per year. Improved grid reliability could cut economic losses due to poor power quality by tens of billions of dollars per year. A large export market for this technology could also develop. Power Ring technology will directly support the EERE mission, and the goals of the Distributed Energy Technologies Subprogram in particular, by helping to reduce blackouts, brownouts, electricity costs, and emissions, by relieving transmission bottlenecks, and by greatly improving grid power quality.
Ricci, Michael, R.; Fiske, O. James
Examination of the Regional Supply and Demand Balance for Renewable Electricity in the United States through 2015: Projecting from 2009 through 2015 (Revised)
This report examines the balance between the demand and supply of new renewable electricity in the United States on a regional basis through 2015. It expands on a 2007 NREL study that assessed the supply and demand balance on a national basis. As with the earlier study, this analysis relies on estimates of renewable energy supplies compared to demand for renewable energy generation needed to meet existing state renewable portfolio standard (RPS) policies in 28 states, as well as demand by consumers who voluntarily purchase renewable energy. However, it does not address demand by utilities that may procure cost-effective renewables through an integrated resource planning process or otherwise.
Bird, L.; Hurlbut, D.; Donohoo, P.; Cory, K.; Kreycik, C.
generated from renewable resources (USDOE 2008). 1 Thesethe requisite amount of renewable resources under cost-of-commercially-developed renewable resources or alternatively
Apparatuses and methods for generating electric fields
Apparatuses and methods relating to generating an electric field are disclosed. An electric field generator may include a semiconductive material configured in a physical shape substantially different from a shape of an electric field to be generated thereby. The electric field is generated when a voltage drop exists across the semiconductive material. A method for generating an electric field may include applying a voltage to a shaped semiconductive material to generate a complex, substantially nonlinear electric field. The shape of the complex, substantially nonlinear electric field may be configured for directing charged particles to a desired location. Other apparatuses and methods are disclosed.
Scott, Jill R; McJunkin, Timothy R; Tremblay, Paul L
Sandia National Laboratories: renewable energy power generation
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1developmentturbineredox-active perovskiteremoving the highlypower generation Hoboken
Systematic Review and Harmonization of Life Cycle GHG Emission Estimates for Electricity Generation Technologies (Presentation)
This powerpoint presentation to be presented at the World Renewable Energy Forum on May 14, 2012, in Denver, CO, discusses systematic review and harmonization of life cycle GHG emission estimates for electricity generation technologies.
Heath, G.
Renewable Energy System Exemption
In March 2010, South Dakota established a new property tax incentive that replaced two existing property tax incentives for renewable energy. Facilities that generate electricity using wind, solar,...
Electricity Bill Savings from Residential Photovoltaic Systems: Sensitivities to Changes in Future Electricity Market Conditions
Rate and Cost Issues with Renewable Development Workshop,and Issues. Interstate Renewable Energy Council, Latham, NY.of Energy Storage with Renewable Electricity Generation (
Darghouth, Naim
Computational Needs for the Next Generation Electric Grid Proceedings
Carrying� renewable�electricity�across�the�u.s.a. � http://electricity� supply� industry� (for� ten� years),� and�various�universities�in�Australia�and�the�USA. �
Birman, Kenneth
Renewable Electricity in the Annual Energy Outlook 2014
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia,(Million Barrels) Crude Oil Reserves in NonproducingAdditions to Capacity on CokersA2. For Renewable Electricity2014
Electricity Generation and Emissions Reduction Decisions
Electricity Generation and Emissions Reduction Decisions under Policy Uncertainty: A General analysis, and public education in global environmental change. It seeks to provide leadership;1 Electricity Generation and Emissions Reduction Decisions under Policy Uncertainty: A General Equilibrium
The promotion of electricity generated from Renewable Energy Sources (RES) has recently gained high priority in the energy policy strategies of many countries in response to concerns about global climate change, energy security and other reasons. This chapter compares and contrasts the experience of a number of countries in Europe, states in the US as well as Japan in promoting RES, identifying what appear to be the most successful policy measures. Clearly, a wide range of policy instruments have been tried and are in place in different parts of the world to promote renewable energy technologies. The design and performance of these schemes varies from place to place, requiring further research to determine their effectiveness in delivering the desired results. The main conclusions that can be drawn from the present analysis are: (1) Generally speaking, promotional schemes that are properly designed within a stable framework and offer long-term investment continuity produce better results. Credibility and continuity reduce risks thus leading to lower profit requirements by investors. (2) Despite their significant growth in absolute terms in a number of key markets, the near-term prognosis for renewables is one of modest success if measured in terms of the percentage of the total energy provided by renewables on a world-wide basis. This is a significant challenge, suggesting that renewables have to grow at an even faster pace if we expect them to contribute on a significant scale to the world's energy mix.
Haas, Reinhard; Meyer, Niels I.; Held, Anne; Finon, Dominique; Lorenzoni, Arturo; Wiser, Ryan; Nishio, Ken-ichiro
An Analysis of the Costs, Benefits, and Implications of Different Approaches to Capturing the Value of Renewable Energy Tax Incentives
Issue Brief: Reassessing Renewable Energy Subsidies. Marchupdate: PTC resurrection� Renewable Energy-Research Note,and Public Economics of Renewable Electricity Generation. �
Bolinger, Mark
The integration of renewable energy sources into electric power distribution systems. Volume 2, Utility case assessments
Electric utility distribution system impacts associated with the integration of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics (PV) and wind turbines (WT) are considered in this project. The impacts are expected to vary from site to site according to the following characteristics: (1) The local solar insolation and/or wind characteristics; (2) renewable energy source penetration level; (3) whether battery or other energy storage systems are applied; and (4) local utility distribution design standards and planning practices. Small, distributed renewable energy sources are connected to the utility distribution system like other, similar kW- and MW-scale equipment and loads. Residential applications are expected to be connected to single-phase 120/240-V secondaries. Larger kw-scale applications may be connected to three-phase secondaries, and larger hundred-kW and MW-scale applications, such as MW-scale windfarms or PV plants, may be connected to electric utility primary systems via customer-owned primary and secondary collection systems. Small, distributed renewable energy sources installed on utility distribution systems will also produce nonsite-specific utility generation system benefits such as energy and capacity displacement benefits, in addition to the local site-specific distribution system benefits. Although generation system benefits are not site-specific, they are utility-specific, and they vary significantly among utilities in different regions. In addition, transmission system benefits, environmental benefits and other benefits may apply. These benefits also vary significantly among utilities and regions. Seven utility case studies considering PV, WT, and battery storage were conducted to identify a range of potential renewable energy source distribution system applications.
Zaininger, H.W.; Ellis, P.R.; Schaefer, J.C. [Zaininger Engineering Co., San Jose, CA (United States)
Connecting Colorado's Renewable Resources to the Markets in a Cabon-Constrained Electricity Sector
The benchmark goal that drives the report is to achieve a 20 percent reduction in carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) emissions in Colorado's electricity sector below 2005 levels by 2020. We refer to this as the '20 x 20 goal.' In discussing how to meet this goal, the report concentrates particularly on the role of utility-scale renewable energy and high-voltage transmission. An underlying recognition is that any proposed actions must not interfere with electric system reliability and should minimize financial impacts on customers and utilities. The report also describes the goals of Colorado's New Energy Economy5 - identified here, in summary, as the integration of energy, environment, and economic policies that leads to an increased quality of life in Colorado. We recognize that a wide array of options are under constant consideration by professionals in the electric industry, and the regulatory community. Many options are under discussion on this topic, and the costs and benefits of the options are inherently difficult to quantify. Accordingly, this report should not be viewed as a blueprint with specific recommendations for the timing, siting, and sizing of generating plants and high-voltage transmission lines. We convened the project with the goal of supplying information inputs for consideration by the state's electric utilities, legislators, regulators, and others as we work creatively to shape our electricity sector in a carbon-constrained world. The report addresses various issues that were raised in the Connecting Colorado's Renewable Resources to the Markets report, also known as the SB07-91 Report. That report was produced by the Senate Bill 2007-91 Renewable Resource Generation Development Areas Task Force and presented to the Colorado General Assembly in 2007. The SB07-91 Report provided the Governor, the General Assembly, and the people of Colorado with an assessment of the capability of Colorado's utility-scale renewable resources to contribute electric power in the state from 10 Colorado generation development areas (GDAs) that have the capacity for more than 96,000 megawatts (MW) of wind generation and 26,000 MW of solar generation. The SB07-91 Report recognized that only a small fraction of these large capacity opportunities are destined to be developed. As a rough comparison, 13,964 MW of installed nameplate capacity was available in Colorado in 2008. The legislature did not direct the SB07-91 task force to examine several issues that are addressed in the REDI report. These issues include topics such as transmission, regulation, wildlife, land use, permitting, electricity demand, and the roles that different combinations of supply-side resources, demand-side resources, and transmission can play to meet a CO{sub 2} emissions reduction goal. This report, which expands upon research from a wide array of sources, serves as a sequel to the SB07-91 Report. Reports and research on renewable energy and transmission abound. This report builds on the work of many, including professionals who have dedicated their careers to these topics. A bibliography of information resources is provided, along with many citations to the work of others. The REDI Project was designed to present baseline information regarding the current status of Colorado's generation and transmission infrastructure. The report discusses proposals to expand the infrastructure, and identifies opportunities to make further improvements in the state's regulatory and policy environment. The report offers a variety of options for consideration as Colorado seeks pathways to meet the 20 x 20 goal. The primary goal of the report is to foster broader discussion regarding how the 20 x 20 goal interacts with electric resource portfolio choices, particularly the expansion of utility-scale renewable energy and the high-voltage transmission infrastructure. The report also is intended to serve as a resource when identifying opportunities stemming from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009.
Future States: The Convergence of Smart Grid, Renewables, Shale Gas, and Electric Vehicles
Dick Cirillo and Guenter Conzelmann present on research involving renewable energy sources, the use of natural gas, electric vehicles, and the SMART grid.
Dick Cirillo; Guenter Conzelmann
Comparing the Risk Profiles of Renewable and Natural Gas Electricity Contracts
Comparing the Risk Profiles of Renewable and Natural Gas Electricity Contracts: A Summary.............................................................................20 B. Natural Gas Tolling Contracts.............................................................................24 B. Natural Gas Tolling Contracts
Kammen, Daniel M.
Wind Energy and Production of Hydrogen and Electricity -- Opportunities for Renewable Hydrogen: Preprint
An assessment of options for wind/hydrogen/electricity systems at both central and distributed scales provides insight into opportunities for renewable hydrogen.
Levene, J.; Kroposki, B.; Sverdrup, G.
Recharging U.S. Energy Policy: Advocating for a National Renewable Portfolio Standard
electricity generated from the following sources qualifies as renewable energy: "solar thermal electric, photovoltaics, landfill gas, wind, biomass, geothermal
Lunt, Robin J.
Technological impact of Non-Conventional Renewable Energy in the Chilean Electricity System
worldwide, there has been an increase in the support of renewable energy. Latin America has not beenTechnological impact of Non-Conventional Renewable Energy in the Chilean Electricity System Juan D- Renewable energy has had a steady growth in power systems worldwide. The high uncertainty about what type
Catholic University of Chile (Universidad Católica de Chile)
Deregulation and environmental differentiation in the electric utility industry
Electricity from Renewable Resources: A Review of Utilityprovision of power from renewable resources, the end resultinvestments in renewable energy generating resources. Hence:
Delmas, M; Russo, M V; Montes-Sancho, M J
From Tragedy to Triumph - Rebuilding with Renewable Energy after...
Energy Savers [EERE]
green" with renewable energy. Renewable Energy Benefits * Generates electricity from the sun or wind * Heats and cools quietly and naturally * Grants tax credits to building owners...
Grid-Based Renewable Electricity and Hydrogen Integration
) Lower capital cost · No net increase in carbon emissions Improve efficiency of current generation mix NumberofVehicles Mature Hydrogen- Electric Economy · Coal (with Carbon sequestration) · Nuclear 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 Year GWe Wind nuclear o-g-s Coal-IGCC Coal-new Coal-old- noscrub Coal
Wing Wave: Feasible, Alternative, Renewable, Electrical Energy Producing Ocean Floor System
Wing Wave: Feasible, Alternative, Renewable, Electrical Energy Producing Ocean Floor System Mark, alternative energy system to convert the circular motion of ocean waves as they propagate through the sea and feasible alternative, renewable, electrical energy producing subsea system. Index Terms--ocean energy, wave
Wood, Stephen L.
SENSING THE ENVIRONMENT Detection and Generation of Electric Signals
SENSING THE ENVIRONMENT Detection and Generation of Electric Signals Contents Detection and Generation of Electric Signals in Fishes: An Introduction Morphology of Electroreceptive Sensory Organs Electrolocation Electric Organs Generation of Electric Signals Development of Electroreceptors and Electric
Electrical Generation Tax Reform Act (Montana)
This Act reforms taxes paid by electricity generators to reduce tax rates and imposes replacement taxes in response to the 1997 restructuring of the Montana electric utility industry that allows...
Renewable generation and storage project industry and laboratory recommendations
The US Department of Energy Office of Utility Technologies is planning a series of related projects that will seek to improve the integration of renewable energy generation with energy storage in modular systems. The Energy Storage Systems Program and the Photovoltaics Program at Sandia National Laboratories conducted meetings to solicit industry guidance and to create a set of recommendations for the proposed projects. Five possible projects were identified and a three pronged approach was recommended. The recommended approach includes preparing a storage technology handbook, analyzing data from currently fielded systems, and defining future user needs and application requirements.
Clark, N.H.; Butler, P.C.; Cameron, C.P.
Policymakers' Guidebook for Geothermal Electricity Generation (Brochure)
This document provides an overview of the NREL Geothermal Policymakers' Guidebook for Electricity Generation with information directing people to the Web site for more in-depth information.
Electricity Generation from Geothermal Energy in Australia.
?? This thesis aims to investigate the economical and technical prerequisites for electricity generation from geothermal energy in Australia. The Australian government has increased the� (more)
Broliden, Caroline
Integrating High Levels of Renewables into the Lanai Electric Grid
Discusses an assessment of the economic and technical feasibility of increasing the contribution of renewable energy sources on the island of Lanai with a stated goal of reaching 100% renewable...
Control Strategies for Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Using Renewables and Local Storage
The increase of electric vehicle (EV) and plug-in hybrid-electric vehicle (PHEV) adoption creates a need for more EV supply equipment (EVSE) infrastructure (i.e., EV chargers). The impact of EVSE installations could be significant due to limitations in the electric grid and potential demand charges for residential and commercial customers. The use of renewables (e.g., solar) and local storage (e.g., battery bank) can mitigate loads caused by EVSE on the electric grid. This would eliminate costly upgrades needed by utilities and decrease demand charges for consumers. This paper aims to explore control systems that mitigate the impact of EVSE on the electric grid using solar energy and battery banks. Three control systems are investigated and compared in this study. The first control system discharges the battery bank at a constant rate during specific times of the day based on historical data. The second discharges the battery bank based on the number of EVs charging (linear) and the amount of solar energy being generated. The third discharges the battery bank based on a sigmoid function (non-linear) in response to the number of EVs charging, and also takes into consideration the amount of renewables being generated. The first and second control systems recharge the battery bank at night when demand charges are lowest. The third recharges the battery bank at night and during times of the day when there is an excess of solar. Experiments are conducted using data from a private site that has 25 solar-assisted charging stations at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in Oak Ridge, TN and 4 at a public site in Nashville, TN. Results indicate the third control system having better performance, negating up to 71% of EVSE load, compared with the second control system (up to 61%) and the first control system (up to 58%).
Castello, Charles C [ORNL; LaClair, Tim J [ORNL; Maxey, L Curt [ORNL
sustainable growth of the renewable energy industry. Thegrowth of QF capacity, which included renewables, was astounding, aided by California�s diverse and abundant renewable energyrenewable generation, the EU has assumed this role since 2002, mostly due to a rapid growth of wind energy.
Renewable Energy Sales Tax Exemption
Utah exempts the purchase or lease of equipment used to generate electricity from renewable resources from the state sales tax. Eligible purchases or leases must be made for or by a renewable...
Insufficient Incentives for Investment in Electricity Generation
In theory, competitive electricity markets can provide incentives for efficient investment in generating capacity. We show that if consumers and investors are risk averse, investment is efficient only if investors in generating capacity can sign...
Neuhoff, Karsten; de Vries, Laurens
Beginning of Construction for Purposes of the Renewable Electricity Production Tax Credit and Energy Investment Tax Credit
Beginning of Construction for Purposes of the Renewable Electricity Production Tax Credit and Energy Investment Tax Credit
Bidding strategies for renewable energy generation with non stationary statistics
of optimizing energy bids for a photovoltaic (PV) power producer taking part into a competitive electricity]. In a market where penalties are applied whenever the delivered power deviates from the schedule, the optimal) and hydro are characterized by remark- able seasonal variations of power generation and exhibit
Giannitrapani, Antonello
Solar Renewable Energy Credits (SRECs)
In May 2008, Ohio enacted broad electric industry restructuring legislation (S.B. 221) containing advanced energy and renewable energy generation and procurement requirements for the state's...
Renewable build-up pathways for the US: Generation costs are not system costs
The transition to a future electricity system based primarily on wind and solar PV is examined for all regions in the contiguous US. We present optimized pathways for the build-up of wind and solar power for least backup energy needs as well as for least cost obtained with a simplified, lightweight model based on long-term high resolution weather-determined generation data. In the absence of storage, the pathway which achieves the best match of generation and load, thus resulting in the least backup energy requirements, generally favors a combination of both technologies, with a wind/solar PV energy mix of about 80/20 in a fully renewable scenario. The least cost development is seen to start with 100% of the technology with the lowest average generation costs first, but with increasing renewable installations, economically unfavorable excess generation pushes it toward the minimal backup pathway. Surplus generation and the entailed costs can be reduced significantly by combining wind and solar power, and/or a...
Becker, Sarah; Andresen, Gorm B; Jacobson, Mark Z; Schramm, Stefan; Greiner, Martin
Integrating High Levels of Renewables in to the Lanai Electric Grid
The Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative (HCEI) is working with a team led by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and Sandia National Laboratory (Sandia) to assess the economic and technical feasibility of increasing the contribution of renewable energy sources on the island of Lanai with a stated goal of reaching 100% renewable energy. NREL and Sandia partnered with Castle & Cooke, Maui Electric Company (MECO), and SRA International to perform the assessment.
Kroposki, B.; Burman, K.; Keller, J.; Kandt, A.; Glassmire, J.; Lilienthal, P.
Fact #844: October 27, 2014 Electricity Generated from Coal has...
4: October 27, 2014 Electricity Generated from Coal has Declined while Generation from Natural Gas has Grown Fact 844: October 27, 2014 Electricity Generated from Coal has...
Converting Limbo Lands to Energy-Generating Stations: Renewable Energy Technologies on Underused, Formerly Contaminated Sites
This report addresses the potential for using 'Limbo Lands' (underused, formerly contaminated sites, landfills, brownfields, abandoned mine lands, etc. ) as sites for renewable energy generating stations.
Mosey, G.; Heimiller, D.; Dahle, D.; Vimmerstedt, L.; Brady-Sabeff, L.
NASAFPL Renewable Project: Space Coast Next Generation Solar Energy Center Biloxi, MS - FUPWG April 5-6. 2009 Gene Beck Corporate Manager, Governmental Accounts Mark Hillman...
Reliability in future electricity mixes: the question of distributed and renewables sources
Reliability in future electricity mixes: the question of distributed and renewables sources of the electricity industry. In this paper, we are interested in the level of reliability of future electricity mixes and whether or not these changes will impact the level of reliability. Consequently, we propose a methodology
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Electric vehicles and renewable energy in the transport sector energy system
energy resources, such as wind power. Economic aspects for electric vehicles interactingElectric vehicles and renewable energy in the transport sector energy system consequences Main focus: Battery electric vehicles and hydrogen based fuel cell vehicles Lars Henrik Nielsen and Kaj
Distributional and Efficiency Impacts of Clean and Renewable Energy Standards
supply and demand, including renewable energy resources and generating technologies, while representingDistributional and Efficiency Impacts of Clean and Renewable Energy Standards for Electricity on recycled paper #12;Distributional and Efficiency Impacts of Clean and Renewable Energy Standards
El Paso Electric Company- Small and Medium System Renewable Energy Certificate Purchase Program
Effective January 1, 2010, El Paso Electric is purchasing renewable energy certificates (RECs) from its New Mexico customers who install small photovoltaic (PV) systems and wind systems up to 10...
fluctuations. Electricity generation [TWh/year] EU-25 USA4 . Electricity generation [TWh/year] Japan EU-25 USA EU-25USA Japan Wind Waste Solar Biomass Geothermal Figure 2 Historical pattern of electricity
Why Do States Adopt Renewable Portfolio Standards?: An Empirical Investigation
131 Why Do States Adopt Renewable Portfolio Standards?: An Empirical Investigation Thomas P. Lyon* and Haitao Yin** Renewable portfolio standards (RPSs) for electricity generation are politically popularU.S.stategovernments of Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPSs) as a policy tool for promoting renewable electricity generation. An RPS
Lyon, Thomas P.
Interim Project Results: United Parcel Service's Second-Generation Hybrid-Electric Delivery Vans (Fact Sheet)
This fact sheet describes the performance evaluation of United Parcel Service's second-generation hybrid-electric delivery vans. The Fleet Test and Evaluation Team at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is evaluating the 18-month, in-service performance of 11 of these vans along with 11 comparable conventional diesel vans operating in Minneapolis, Minnesota. As a complement to the field study, the team recently completed fuel economy and emissions testing at NREL's Renewable Fuels and Lubricants (ReFUEL) laboratory.
Electric Power Generation and Transmission (Iowa)
Electric power generating facilities with a combined capacity greater than 25 MW, as well as associated transmission lines, may not be constructed or begin operation prior to the issuance of a...
Entanglement Generation by Electric Field Background
The quantum vacuum is unstable under the influence of an external electric field and decays into pairs of charged particles, a process which is known as the Schwinger pair production. We propose and demonstrate that this electric field can generate entanglement. Using the Schwinger pair production for constant and pulsed electric fields, we study entanglement for scalar particles with zero spins and Dirac fermions. One can observe the variation of the entanglement produced for bosonic and fermionic modes with respect to different parameters.
Zahra Ebadi; Behrouz Mirza
Ebadi, Zahra
EC417 --Electric Energy, Adapting to Renewable Resources Brief History of Power Systems (the great AC-DC battle)
EC417 -- Electric Energy, Adapting to Renewable Resources Fall 2014 Topics: · Brief History on renewables (solar, wind, fuel cells, biomass) · Analysis methods for 3-phase systems · Real and Reactive to the introduction of renewables (Photovoltaics, wind, etc.) · Development of the "Smart Grid" · Electric Vehicles
The electric organ discharge (EOD) of weakly electric fish generates transcutaneous electric currents that stimulate
2443 The electric organ discharge (EOD) of weakly electric fish generates transcutaneous electric object whose conductivity is different from that of water produces an electric image consisting for the formation of electric images. Rule 1: objects more conductive than water cause a local increase
Grant, Kirsty
Is It Going to Happen? Regulatory Change and Renewable Electricity
, by doing so they would put useless strain on the industry providing material inputs and expertise for renewable technologies. This occurred in Denmark in 1999, before the amendment of the feed-in law. Based
Variable Renewable Generation Impact on Operating Reserves (Presentation)
This presentation describes some of NREL's latest research on grid integration of renewables, and also describes some of the tools used for these analyses.
Milligan, M.
Reliability Evaluation of Electric Power Generation Systems with Solar Power
Conventional power generators are fueled by natural gas, steam, or water flow. These generators can respond to fluctuating load by varying the fuel input that is done by a valve control. Renewable power generators such as wind or solar, however...
Samadi, Saeed
Changes in the Economic Value of Variable Generation at High Penetration Levels: A Pilot Case Study of California
and public economics of renewable electricity generation.CP-550-48247, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden,decisions in the Western Renewable Energy Zone initiative.
Mills, Andrew D.
The generation of oscillations in networks of electrically coupled cells
The generation of oscillations in networks of electrically coupled cells Y. Loewenstein* , Y. Yarom systems, the electrical coupling of nonoscil- lating cells generates synchronized membrane potential dynam- ics. We show that strong electrical coupling in this network generates multiple oscillatory
Loewenstein, Yonatan
San Diego Solar Panels Generate Clean Electricity Along with...
of 20 MW of renewable energy systems. This includes systems generating energy from biogas and hydroelectric sources at the Point Loma Wastewater Treatment Plant - also a...
Use of Frequency Response Metrics to Assess the Planning and Operating Requirements for Reliable Integration of Variable Renewable Generation
of Variable Renewable Generation The report is accompaniedit Relates to Wind-Powered Generation. LBNL-XXXX. Berkeley:with Increased Wind Generation. LBNL-XXXX. Berkeley:
Eto, Joseph H.
Email To Friend Steam Electricity Generator
. keymanengravables.com Steam Turbine Generator Info, Pictures And Deals For Steam turbine generator ediscountshopping can make electricity directly." Logan's process uses a microbial fuel cell to convert organic material - that consume the sugars and other organic material and release electrons. These electrons travel to the anode
Second Generation Renewable Fuels Blue-Green Seminar
will help to bridge the gap between current energy usage and a more sustainable energy future footprint will require commercialization of industrial processes that transform renewable lignocellulosic. In the meantime, technology for renewable fuels must be made ready to facilitate build-out of a new industry
Eustice, Ryan
Renewable Energy 32 (2007) 12431257 Methane generation in landfills
. Some of the modern regulated landfills attempt to capture and utilize landfill biogas, a renewable collecting landfill biogas worldwide. The landfills that capture biogas in the US collect about 2.6 million. All rights reserved. Keywords: Landfill gas; Renewable energy; Municipal solid waste; Biogas; Methane
Columbia University
Guide to Purchasing Green Power: Renewable Electricity, Renewable Energy Certificates, and On-Site Renewable Generation
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious Rank EERE:YearRound-UpHeatMulti-Dimensional Subject:Ground Source Heat2 December 2006TABLEOperating and
EIS-0416: Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System in San Bernardino...
6: Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System in San Bernardino County, CA EIS-0416: Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System in San Bernardino County, CA Documents Available for...
Chena Hot Springs Resort - Electric Power Generation Using Geothermal...
Hot Springs Resort - Electric Power Generation Using Geothermal Fluid Coproduced from Oil andor Gas Wells Chena Hot Springs Resort - Electric Power Generation Using Geothermal...
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells for Electrical Power Generation...
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells for Electrical Power Generation On-Board Commercial Airplanes Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells for Electrical Power Generation On-Board...
Submitted to Renewable Energy, 5 December 2009 The technical potential for off-peak electricity
October 2009 #12;The technical potential for off-peak electricity to serve as backup in wind. This paper examines the technical potential of off-peak electricity to ensure that wind-charged thermalSubmitted to Renewable Energy, 5 December 2009 ERG/200910 The technical potential for off
Plug-In Electric Vehicle Fast Charge Station Operational Analysis with Integrated Renewables: Preprint
The growing, though still nascent, plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) market currently operates primarily via level 1 and level 2 charging in the United States. Fast chargers are still a rarity, but offer a confidence boost to oppose 'range anxiety' in consumers making the transition from conventional vehicles to PEVs. Because relatively no real-world usage of fast chargers at scale exists yet, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory developed a simulation to help assess fast charging needs based on real-world travel data. This study documents the data, methods, and results of the simulation run for multiple scenarios, varying fleet sizes, and the number of charger ports. The grid impact of this usage is further quantified to assess the opportunity for integration of renewables; specifically, a high frequency of fast charging is found to be in demand during the late afternoons and evenings coinciding with grid peak periods. Proper integration of a solar array and stationary battery thus helps ease the load and reduces the need for new generator construction to meet the demand of a future PEV market.
Simpson, M.; Markel, T.
Uncertainties in the Value of Bill Savings from Behind-the-Meter, Residential Photovoltaic Systems: The Roles of Electricity Market Conditions, Retail Rate Design, and Net Metering
and Public Economies of Renewable Electricity Generation.wind power development. Renewable Energy 33, 1854�1867.SR-581-42303). National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL),
Darghouth, Naim Richard
The impact of competitive bidding on the market prospects for renewable electric technologies
This report examines issues regarding the ability of renewable-energy-based generation projects to compete fossil-fuel-based projects in competitive bidding solicitations. State and utility bidding results revealed that on a relative basis, utilities contract for less renewable-energy-based capacity under competitive bidding than under past methods of qualifying facility contracting. It was concluded that renewables are not being chosen more often under competitive bidding because it emphasizes price and operating considerations over other attributes of renewables, such as environmental considerations, fuel diversity, and fuel price stability. Examples are given of bidding approaches used by some states and utilities that have resulted in renewables-based projects winning generation bids. In addition, the appendix summarizes, by state, competitive bidding activities and results for supply-side solicitations that were open to all fuels and technologies.
Swezey, B.G.
Renewable Energy Standard (Nova Scotia, Canada)
On February 1, 2007, Nova Scotia's new Renewable Energy Standards took effect. By 2013, Nova Scotia will generate at least 18.5% of the Province's electricity through renewable energy -- wind,...
Message passing for integrating and assessing renewable generation in a redundant power grid
A simplified model of a redundant power grid is used to study integration of fluctuating renewable generation. The grid consists of large number of generator and consumer nodes. The net power consumption is determined by the difference between the gross consumption and the level of renewable generation. The gross consumption is drawn from a narrow distribution representing the predictability of aggregated loads, and we consider two different distributions representing wind and solar resources. Each generator is connected to D consumers, and redundancy is built in by connecting R {le} D of these consumers to other generators. The lines are switchable so that at any instance each consumer is connected to a single generator. We explore the capacity of the renewable generation by determining the level of 'firm' generation capacity that can be displaced for different levels of redundancy R. We also develop message-passing control algorithm for finding switch sellings where no generator is overloaded.
Zdeborova, Lenka [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Backhaus, Scott [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Chertkov, Michael [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Renewable Portfolio Standard
Hydroelectric Project as its original baseline eligible renewable energy resource project, and MID also hydroelectric unit, the Stone Drop Electric Generation Station (the Stone Drop Station). The Stone Drop
Renewable Energy Goal
In May 2010, Oklahoma established a renewable energy goal for electric utilities operating in the state. The goal calls for 15% of the total installed generation capacity in Oklahoma to be derived...
Opportunities for Synergy Between Natural Gas and Renewable Energy in the Electric Power and Transportation Sectors
Use of both natural gas and renewable energy has grown significantly in recent years. Both forms of energy have been touted as key elements of a transition to a cleaner and more secure energy future, but much of the current discourse considers each in isolation or concentrates on the competitive impacts of one on the other. This paper attempts, instead, to explore potential synergies of natural gas and renewable energy in the U.S. electric power and transportation sectors.
Lee, A.; Zinaman, O.; Logan, J.
ReRack: Power Simulation for Data Centers with Renewable Energy Generation
- cause it should consider different energy sources (wind, solar), stor- age alternatives (batteries, grid ratio of renewable energy sources for a given location and workload. 1. INTRODUCTION Building a dataReRack: Power Simulation for Data Centers with Renewable Energy Generation Michael Brown and Jose
Renau, Jose
The Economics of Steam Electric Generation
by manufacturers, data available from past installations and recent installations. 7) Labor costs were based on labor rates in ~he Lansing, Michigan area. 8) Power plant labor and supervision costs were based on manning data supplied by the Board of Water...-service. No other figures, including labor, fuel cost, outside services and other costs have been escalated. 12) Operating costs were established, based on steam generation. Credit has been allotted to any program for the electric power generated during...
Ophaug, R. A.; Birget, C. D.
Renewable Electricity Benefits Quantification Methodology: A Request for Technical Assistance from the California Public Utilities Commission
The California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) requested assistance in identifying methodological alternatives for quantifying the benefits of renewable electricity. The context is the CPUC's analysis of a 33% renewable portfolio standard (RPS) in California--one element of California's Climate Change Scoping Plan. The information would be used to support development of an analytic plan to augment the cost analysis of this RPS (which recently was completed). NREL has responded to this request by developing a high-level survey of renewable electricity effects, quantification alternatives, and considerations for selection of analytic methods. This report addresses economic effects and health and environmental effects, and provides an overview of related analytic tools. Economic effects include jobs, earnings, gross state product, and electricity rate and fuel price hedging. Health and environmental effects include air quality and related public-health effects, solid and hazardous wastes, and effects on water resources.
Mosey, G.; Vimmerstedt, L.
Fuels generated from renewable energy: a possible solution for large scale energy storage
(CSP)Concentrating solar power (CSP) Light electricity Photovoltaic conversion (PV) #12;4/22/2012 4 Energy System Gas (or fossil) Plant Sun or Wind Energy Plant Sun Fossil Wind Water Liquid fuels or raw #12;4/22/2012 9 Electricity grid Indirect Towards the Renewable Energy System Gas (or fossil) Plant
Franssen, Michael
Distributed Generation Dispatch Optimization under Various Electricity Tariffs
time of use United States Postal Service v Distributed Generation Dispatch Optimization Under Various Electricity Tariffs
Firestone, Ryan; Marnay, Chris
SIMULTANEOUS DEMULTIPLEXING, ELECTRICAL CLOCK RECOVERY, AND OPTICAL CLOCK GENERATION USING of the PLL. As a result, simultaneous demultiplexing, electrical clock recovery and optical clock generation), and Masashi Usami (2) 1 : Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa
Bowers, John
Cumberland Valley Electric Cooperative- Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Program
Cumberland Valley Electric offers a number of programs to promote energy conservation. This program offers rebates for air source heat pumps, building insulation (including windows and doors), and...
purchase abs. cooling offset electric supply (kW) hourTariffs electric supply (kW) abs. cooling offset purchasecooling offset Distributed Generation Dispatch Optimization Under Various Electricity Tariffs electric supply (
Simultaneous wastewater treatment and biological electricity generation
Simultaneous wastewater treatment and biological electricity generation B.E. Logan Department accomplishing wastewater treatment in processes based on microbial fuel cell technologies. When bacteria oxidize.4 £ 106 L of wastewater, a wastewater treatment plant has the potential to become a 2.3 MW power plant
Researchers use corn waste to generate electricity
directly. "People are looking at using cellulose to make ethanol," said Bruce E. Logan, the Kappe professor researchers thinks corn stover can be used not only to manufacture ethanol, but to generate electricity of environmental engineering. "You can make ethanol from exploded corn stover, but once you have the sugars, you
Impact of unit commitment constraints on generation expansion planning with renewables
Growing use of renewables pushes thermal generators against operating constraints - e.g. ramping, minimum output, and operating reserves - that are traditionally ignored in expansion planning models. We show how including ...
Palmintier, Bryan Stephen
Electric current generation in distorted graphene
Graphene-like materials can be effectively described by quantum electrodynamics in 2+1 dimensions. In a pure state these systems exhibit a symmetry between the non-equivalent Dirac points in the honeycomb lattice. The effect of some types of doping or the contact with asymmetric external lattices (for instance a boron nitride layer) break this symmetry via a mechanism of effective mass generation that works differently for each Dirac point. In this work we show that the incorporation of an in-plane external magnetic field on this pseudochiral asymmetric configuration generates a non-dissipative electric current aligned with the magnetic field. This mass structure is associated to a Chern-Simons type of effective action. Together with the presence of a magnetic field generating an electric current, this scenario resembles the chiral magnetic effect in Quantum Chromodynamics.
Ana Julia Mizher; Alfredo Raya; Cristian Villavicencio
Two-stage electric generator system
The system described herein is particularly adapted to convert mechanical energy from a wind or hydraulic driven turbine into electric energy and comprises: an exciter generator and a main generator in a housing traversed by a rotatable shaft; the exciter generator consists of permanent magnet mounted to the housing envelope and of a rotor mounted to the shaft and having a one-phase winding, the rotor being made of non-magnetic material to eliminate cogging and static torque associated with permanent magnet excitation; the main generator consists of a three-phase stator winding on a magnetic core mounted to the housing envelope and of a pole-type rotor mounted to the shaft, the rotor having a winding wound on a magnetic core; a rectifying bridge is rotatably mounted to the shaft and is connected to the one-phase winding of the rotor of the exciter generator and to the winding of the main generator rotor so that the rotation of the shaft as a result of mechanical energy generates a three-phase electric energy output from the stator winding.
Leroux, A.
Under Hawaii's Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS), each electric utility company that sells electricity for consumption in Hawaii must establish the following percentages of "renewable electrical...
NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC. Renewable Electricity Futures
and Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC. Renewable Electricity Futures Trieu Berlin, Germany December 46, 2012 NREL/PR6A2057018 Renewable Electricity Futures Study (2012). Hand, M is a low carbon, low air pollutant, low fuel use, low water use, domestic, and sustainable electricity
Determining the best source of renewable electricity to power a remote site for the National Park Service
Renewable energy technologies have economic and environmental advantages in many remote applications. They can provide most of the power to off-grid loads, where batteries and another power source such as a generator or a fuel cell may be required to ensure availability and feasibility. In support of the National Park Service, the Federal Energy Management Program Team at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory has evaluated several methods for providing a renewable source of electricity to a beach campsite at Kirby Cove, Marin County, California. This site requires 2 kWh per day to power a campground host in a motor home five months power year. The existing electricity line to the site is in need of replacement and the NPS is interested in evaluating more cost-effective and environmentally sensitive alternatives. Photovoltaics, tidal current, and wind power systems in combination with a back-up electric system (standard, thermoelectric, and Stirling generator and fuel cell) and an energy storage medium (battery, flywheel, and hydrogen) were analyzed. Multi-objective optimization criteria include initial cost, operating cost, emissions, maintenance requirements, and to be consistent with the NPS requirements, the system must be clean, silent, and sustainable. The best system combination was designed according to these evaluation criteria and a demonstration system is to be constructed. This paper describes the optimization procedure and design. Results indicate that a 800 Watt photovoltaic array with a hydrogen fuel cell best serves the requirements for clean, silent power. Since fuel cells are developmental, a propane generator is recommended as an alternative.
Azerbegl, R.; Mas, C.; Walker, A.; Morris, R.; Christensen, J.
Intelligence in Electricity Networks for Embedding Renewables and
.J.J. Scheepers and I.G. Kamphuis 1 Introduction In the year 1888, Nikola Tesla presented his "New System. Tesla's `new system' made it possible to transmit electrical power over long dis- tances and to use one
Tesfatsion, Leigh
Comparing the risk profiles of renewable and natural gas electricity contracts: A summary of the California Department of Water Resources contracts
of natural gas prices, renewable resources in general have aSince the use of renewable resources decreases fuel priceof its electricity from renewable resources under long-term
Bachrach, Devra; Wiser, Ryan; Bolinger, Mark; Golove, William
Cost and Performance Assumptions for Modeling Electricity Generation Technologies
The goal of this project was to compare and contrast utility scale power plant characteristics used in data sets that support energy market models. Characteristics include both technology cost and technology performance projections to the year 2050. Cost parameters include installed capital costs and operation and maintenance (O&M) costs. Performance parameters include plant size, heat rate, capacity factor or availability factor, and plant lifetime. Conventional, renewable, and emerging electricity generating technologies were considered. Six data sets, each associated with a different model, were selected. Two of the data sets represent modeled results, not direct model inputs. These two data sets include cost and performance improvements that result from increased deployment as well as resulting capacity factors estimated from particular model runs; other data sets represent model input data. For the technologies contained in each data set, the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) was also evaluated, according to published cost, performance, and fuel assumptions.
Tidball, R.; Bluestein, J.; Rodriguez, N.; Knoke, S.
The Economics and Feasibility of Electricity Generation using
benefits of using biogas to generate electricity instead of coal are positive, implying that an otherwiseThe Economics and Feasibility of Electricity Generation using Manure Digesters on Small and Mid of electricity generation using methane from manure digesters on dairy farms under different electricity rate
Laughlin, Robert B.
Renewable Energy: Distributed Generation Policies and Programs | Department
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of Inspector GeneralDepartment of Energy fromComments on NBPSitingPresentation Remy:Renewable13423Departmentofof
Why do Particle Clouds Generate Electric Charges?
Grains in desert sandstorms spontaneously generate strong electrical charges; likewise volcanic dust plumes produce spectacular lightning displays. Charged particle clouds also cause devastating explosions in food, drug and coal processing industries. Despite the wide-ranging importance of granular charging in both nature and industry, even the simplest aspects of its causes remain elusive, because it is difficult to understand how inert grains in contact with little more than other inert grains can generate the large charges observed. Here, we present a simple yet predictive explanation for the charging of granular materials in collisional flows. We argue from very basic considerations that charge transfer can be expected in collisions of identical dielectric grains in the presence of an electric field, and we confirm the model's predictions using discrete-element simulations and a tabletop granular experiment.
T. P�htz; H. J. Herrmann; T. Shinbrot
Coal based electric generation comparative technologies report
Ohio Clean Fuels, Inc., (OCF) has licensed technology that involves Co-Processing (Co-Pro) poor grade (high sulfur) coal and residual oil feedstocks to produce clean liquid fuels on a commercial scale. Stone Webster is requested to perform a comparative technologies report for grassroot plants utilizing coal as a base fuel. In the case of Co-Processing technology the plant considered is the nth plant in a series of applications. This report presents the results of an economic comparison of this technology with other power generation technologies that use coal. Technologies evaluated were:Co-Processing integrated with simple cycle combustion turbine generators, (CSC); Co-Processing integrated with combined cycle combustion turbine generators, (CCC); pulverized coal-fired boiler with flue gas desulfurization and steam turbine generator, (PC) and Circulating fluidized bed boiler and steam turbine generator, (CFB). Conceptual designs were developed. Designs were based on approximately equivalent net electrical output for each technology. A base case of 310 MWe net for each technology was established. Sensitivity analyses at other net electrical output sizes varying from 220 MWe's to 1770 MWe's were also performed. 4 figs., 9 tabs.
Clean Energy, Dirty Air: A Policy Coordination Problem between Renewable-Based Electricity Programs and Cap-and-Trade Pollution Programs
Clean Energy, Dirty Air: A Policy Coordination Problem between Renewable-Based Electricity Programs) or an energy journal (Energy Policy). #12; of programs--utility-based green electricity programs and state-based renewable portfolio standards
Edwards, Paul N.
Reliable renewable energy for a new electric infrastructure.
This is workshop is about methodologies, tools, techniques, models, training, codes and standards, etc., that can improve reliability of systems while reducing costs. We've intentionally scaled back on presentation time to allow more time for interaction. Sandia's PV Program Vision - Recognition as a world-class facility to develop and integrate new photovoltaic components, systems, and architectures for the future of our electric/energy delivery systems.
Hanley, Charles J.
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsrucLas ConchasPassive Solar HomePromisingStories » Removing nuclear waste, one shipmentRenewables
The state of energy storage in electric utility systems and its effect on renewable energy resources
This report describes the state of the art of electric energy storage technologies and discusses how adding intermittent renewable energy technologies (IRETs) to a utility network affects the benefits from storage dispatch. Load leveling was the mode of storage dispatch examined in the study. However, the report recommended that other modes be examined in the future for kilowatt and kilowatt-hour optimization of storage. The motivation to install storage with IRET generation can arise from two considerations: reliability and enhancement of the value of energy. Because adding storage increases cost, reliability-related storage is attractive only if the accruing benefits exceed the cost of storage installation. The study revealed that the operation of storage should not be guided by the output of the IRET but rather by system marginal costs. Consequently, in planning studies to quantify benefits, storage should not be considered as an entity belonging to the system and not as a component of IRETS. The study also indicted that because the infusion of IRET energy tends to reduce system marginal cost, the benefits from load leveling (value of energy) would be reduced. However, if a system has storage, particularly if the storage is underutilized, its dispatch can be reoriented to enhance the benefits of IRET integration.
Rau, N.S.
showing the local potential for wind energy in differentpotential 1 for generating electricity from RES is windwind power owners. 53 In an assessment over time also the potential
Current Generated Harmonics and Their Effect Upon Electrical Industrial Systems
This paper provides a general overview of harmonics and addresses the causes of current generated harmonics in electrical systems. In addition, problems caused by current generated harmonics and their affects upon different types of electrical...
Alexander, H. R.; Rogge, D. S.
Establishing Thermo-Electric Generator (TEG) Design Targets for...
of Cost-Competitive Advanced Thermoelectric Generators for Direct Conversion of Vehicle Waste Heat into Useful Electrical Power Automotive Thermoelectric Generators and HVAC...
Biomass power and state renewable energy policies under electric industry restructuring
Several states are pursuing policies to foster renewable energy as part of efforts to restructure state electric power markets. The primary policies that states are pursuing for renewables are system benefits charges (SBCs) and renewable portfolio standards (RPSs). However, the eligibility of biomass under state RPS and SBC policies is in question in some states. Eligibility restrictions may make it difficult for biomass power companies to access these policies. Moreover, legislative language governing the eligibility of biomass power is sometimes vague and difficult to interpret. This paper provides an overview of state RPS and SBC policies and focuses on the eligibility of biomass power. For this paper, the authors define biomass power as using wood and agricultural residues and landfill methane, but not waste-to-energy, to produce energy.
Porter, K.; Wiser, R.
Electrical faults modeling of the photovoltaic generator Wail Rezgui1
Electrical faults modeling of the photovoltaic generator Wail Rezgui1 , Leïla-Hayet Mouss1 , Kinza is captured by the generator and direct electrical energy resulting from the conversion of the solar radiation of a problem at the generator. Practically, the existence of electrical defects on this type of systems can
Boyer, Edmond
Commitment of Electric Power Generators under Stochastic Market Prices
Commitment of Electric Power Generators under Stochastic Market Prices Jorge Valenzuela 1 November 2001 1 Corresponding author. #12;1 Commitment of Electric Power Generators under Stochastic Market Prices Abstract A formulation for the commitment of electric power generators under a deregulated
Mazumdar, Mainak
Nanocomposite electrical generator based on piezoelectric zinc oxide nanowires
Nanocomposite electrical generator based on piezoelectric zinc oxide nanowires K. Momeni, G. M October 2010; published online 1 December 2010 A nanocomposite electrical generator composed of an array system and loading configuration can generate up to 160% more electric potential than the values reported
Endres. William J.
Renewable Electricity Generation and Delivery at the Sacramento...
Municipal Utility District Dairy digester and engine genset at New Hope dairy farm. | Photo courtesy of Sacramento Municipal Utility District The Sacramento Municipal...
Renewable Electricity Generation and Delivery at the Sacramento Municipal
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of Inspector GeneralDepartment of Energy fromComments on NBPSitingPresentation Remy: PresentationandUtility
Renewable Electricity Generation Success Stories | Department of Energy
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "of Energy Power.pdf11-161-LNG |September 15,2015 |RebeccaRegionalReliability andEnergy byand
Renewable Energy for Electricity Generation in Latin America: Market,
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 No revisionEnvReviewNonInvasiveExplorationUT-g Grant of Access(California andEnergy Information|Technologies, and
EERE FY 2016 Budget Overview -- Renewable Electricity Generation
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of Inspector General Office of Audit ServicesMirantPartners, Inc. |MoneyDoug Hollett, Deputy Assistant Secretary
International Coal Prices for Electricity Generation - EIA
Annual Energy Outlook 2013 [U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)]
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) " ,"ClickPipelines AboutDecember 2005 (Thousand9,0, 1997EnvironmentElectricity Generation for Selected
Grains in desert sandstorms spontaneously generate strong electrical charges; likewise volcanic dust plumes produce spectacular lightning displays. Charged particle clouds also cause devastating explosions in food, drug, and coal processing industries. Despite the wide-ranging importance of granular charging in both nature and industry, even the simplest aspects of its causes remain elusive, for it is difficult to understand how inert grains in contact with little more than other inert grains can generate the large charges observed. In this paper, we present a simple yet predictive explanation for the charging of granular materials in collisional flows. We argue from very basic considerations that charge transfer can be expected in collisions of identical dielectric grains, and we confirm the model's predictions using discrete element simulations and a tabletop granular experiment.
Integrating Variable Renewable Energy in Electric Power Markets: Best Practices from International Experience
Many countries -- reflecting very different geographies, markets, and power systems -- are successfully managing high levels of variable renewable energy on the electric grid, including that from wind and solar energy. This study documents the diverse approaches to effective integration of variable renewable energy among six countries -- Australia (South Australia), Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Spain, and the United States (Western region-Colorado and Texas)-- and summarizes policy best practices that energy ministers and other stakeholders can pursue to ensure that electricity markets and power systems can effectively coevolve with increasing penetrations of variable renewable energy. Each country has crafted its own combination of policies, market designs, and system operations to achieve the system reliability and flexibility needed to successfully integrate renewables. Notwithstanding this diversity, the approaches taken by the countries studied all coalesce around five strategic areas: lead public engagement, particularly for new transmission; coordinate and integrate planning; develop rules for market evolution that enable system flexibility; expand access to diverse resources and geographic footprint of operations; and improve system operations. The ability to maintain a broad ecosystem perspective, to organize and make available the wealth of experiences, and to ensure a clear path from analysis to enactment should be the primary focus going forward.
Cochran, J.; Bird, L.; Heeter, J.; Arent, D. A.
Utility Integrated Resource Planning: An Emerging Driver of New Renewable Generation in the Western United States
in their treatment of renewable resources and the costs andtowards that portfolio. Renewable resources were once rarelyobjectively evaluate renewable resources. Planned Renewable
Bolinger, Mark; Wiser, Ryan
Renewable Electric Plant Information System user interface manual: Paradox 7 Runtime for Windows
The Renewable Electric Plant Information System (REPiS) is a comprehensive database with detailed information on grid-connected renewable electric plants in the US. The current version, REPiS3 beta, was developed in Paradox for Windows. The user interface (UI) was developed to facilitate easy access to information in the database, without the need to have, or know how to use, Paradox for Windows. The UI is designed to provide quick responses to commonly requested sorts of the database. A quick perusal of this manual will familiarize one with the functions of the UI and will make use of the system easier. There are six parts to this manual: (1) Quick Start: Instructions for Users Familiar with Database Applications; (2) Getting Started: The Installation Process; (3) Choosing the Appropriate Report; (4) Using the User Interface; (5) Troubleshooting; (6) Appendices A and B.
High Performance, Low Cost Hydrogen Generation from Renewable Energy
Renewable hydrogen from proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis is gaining strong interest in Europe, especially in Germany where wind penetration is already at critical levels for grid stability. For this application as well as biogas conversion and vehicle fueling, megawatt (MW) scale electrolysis is required. Proton has established a technology roadmap to achieve the necessary cost reductions and manufacturing scale up to maintain U.S. competitiveness in these markets. This project represents a highly successful example of the potential for cost reduction in PEM electrolysis, and provides the initial stack design and manufacturing development for Proton�s MW scale product launch. The majority of the program focused on the bipolar assembly, from electrochemical modeling to subscale stack development through prototyping and manufacturing qualification for a large active area cell platform. Feasibility for an advanced membrane electrode assembly (MEA) with 50% reduction in catalyst loading was also demonstrated. Based on the progress in this program and other parallel efforts, H2A analysis shows the status of PEM electrolysis technology dropping below $3.50/kg production costs, exceeding the 2015 target.
Ayers, Katherine [Proton OnSite] [Proton OnSite; Dalton, Luke [Proton OnSite] [Proton OnSite; Roemer, Andy [Proton OnSite] [Proton OnSite; Carter, Blake [Proton OnSite] [Proton OnSite; Niedzwiecki, Mike [Proton OnSite] [Proton OnSite; Manco, Judith [Proton OnSite] [Proton OnSite; Anderson, Everett [Proton OnSite] [Proton OnSite; Capuano, Chris [Proton OnSite] [Proton OnSite; Wang, Chao-Yang [Penn State University] [Penn State University; Zhao, Wei [Penn State University] [Penn State University
Non-powered Dams: An untapped source of renewable electricity in the USA
Hydropower has been a source of clean, renewable electricity in the USA for more than 100 years. Today, approximately 2500 US dams provide 78 GW of conventional and 22 GW of pumped-storage hydropower. In contrast, another approximately 80 000 dams in the USA do not include hydraulic turbine equipment and provide non-energy related services, such as flood control, water supply, navigation, and recreation.
Hadjerioua, Boualem [ORNL; Kao, Shih-Chieh [ORNL; Wei, Yaxing [ORNL; Battey, Hoyt [Department of Energy; Smith, Brennan T [ORNL
Dynamic equivalencing of distribution network with embedded generation�
Renewable energy generation will play an important role in solving the climate change problem. With renewable electricity generation increasing, there will be some significant changes in electric power systems, ...
Feng, Xiaodan Selina
Renewable energy annual 1997. Volume 1
This report presents information on renewable energy consumption, capacity, and electricity generation data, as well as data on US solar thermal and photovoltaic collector manufacturing activities. The renewable energy resources included in the report are: biomass (wood, ethanol, and biodiesel); municipal solid waste; geothermal; wind; and solar (solar thermal and photovoltaic). The first chapter of the report provides an overview of renewable energy use and capability from 1992 through 1996. It contains renewable energy consumption, capacity, and electricity generation data, as well as descriptive text. Chapter 2 presents current (through 1996) information on the US solar energy industry. A glossary of renewable energy terms is also included. 15 figs., 42 tabs.
Renewable Energy Co-Location of Distribution Facilities (Virginia)
This legislation applies to distribution facilities, which include poles and wires, cables, pipelines, or other underground conduits by which a renewable generator is able to (i) supply electricity...
Load-shedding probabilities with hybrid renewable power generation and energy storage
Load-shedding probabilities with hybrid renewable power generation and energy storage Huan Xu, Ufuk to the intermittency in the power output. These difficulties can be alleviated by effectively utilizing energy storage turbines, supplemented with energy storage. We use a simple storage model alongside a combination
Xu , Huan
The significance of energy storage for renewable energy generation and the role of instrumentation and measurement.
1 The significance of energy storage for renewable energy generation and the role and Alternative Energies Commission INES: National Institute For Solar Energy ENERGY STORAGE: FROM PRESENT TO EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES Energy storage is not a new concept but is currently getting increasing importance
Renewable Energy Requirements for Future Building Codes: Energy Generation and Economic Analysis
As the model energy codes are improved to reach efficiency levels 50 percent greater than current codes, installation of on-site renewable energy generation is likely to become a code requirement. This requirement will be needed because traditional mechanisms for code improvement, including the building envelope, mechanical systems, and lighting, have been maximized at the most cost-effective limit.
Russo, Bryan J.; Weimar, Mark R.; Dillon, Heather E.
PWP-085 TRENDS IN ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION, PEAK DEMAND, AND GENERATING CAPACITY IN CALIFORNIA, California 94720-5180 www.ucei.org #12;TRENDS IN ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION, PEAK DEMAND, AND GENERATING** Abstract This study analyzes state and regional electricity supply and demand trends for the eleven states
California at Berkeley. University of
Stochastic Co-optimization for Hydro-Electric Power Generation
1 Stochastic Co-optimization for Hydro-Electric Power Generation Shi-Jie Deng, Senior Member, IEEE the optimal scheduling problem faced by a hydro-electric power producer that simultaneously participates in multiple markets. Specifically, the hydro-generator participates in both the electricity spot market
POWER AND STATE RENEWABLE ENERGY POLICIES UNDER ELECTRICPROVISIONS IN STATE RENEWABLE ENERGY POLICIES Of the 17that have adopted renewable energy policy measures as part
Porter, Kevin; Wiser, Ryan
The Potential Impact of Increased Renewable Energy Penetrations on Electricity Bill Savings from Residential Photovoltaic Systems
San Francisco, CA, 2010 (6) National Renewable EnergyLaboratory (NREL), Renewable Resource Data Center, Website:Impact of Increased Renewable Energy Penetrations on
CA, 2010 (6) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL),Impact of Increased Renewable Energy Penetrations onProceedings, for the World Renewable Energy Forum, Denver,
Exotic Electricity Options and the Valuation of Electricity Generation and Transmission
Exotic Electricity Options and the Valuation of Electricity Generation and Transmission Assets a methodology for valuing electricity deriva- tives by constructing replicating portfolios from electricity-storable nature of electricity, which rules out the traditional spot mar- ket, storage-based method of valuing
Integrating Variable Renewable Energy in Electric Power Markets: Best Practices from International Experience, Summary for Policymakers
Many countries -- reflecting very different geographies, markets, and power systems -- are successfully managing high levels of variable renewable energy on the electric grid, including that from wind and solar energy. This document summarizes policy best practices that energy ministers and other stakeholders can pursue to ensure that electricity markets and power systems can effectively coevolve with increasing penetrations of variable renewable energy. There is no one-size-fits-all approach; each country studied has crafted its own combination of policies, market designs, and system operations to achieve the system reliability and flexibility needed to successfully integrate renewables. Notwithstanding this diversity, the approaches taken by the countries studied all coalesce around five strategic areas: lead public engagement, particularly for new transmission; coordinate and integrate planning; develop rules for market evolution that enable system flexibility; expand access to diverse resources and geographic footprint of operations; and improve system operations. This study also emphatically underscores the value of countries sharing their experiences. The more diverse and robust the experience base from which a country can draw, the more likely that it will be able to implement an appropriate, optimized, and system-wide approach.
Comparing the Costs of Intermittent and Dispatchable Electricity Generating Technologies
Economic evaluations of alternative electric generating technologies typically rely on comparisons between their expected life-cycle production costs per unit of electricity supplied. The standard life-cycle cost metric ...
Joskow, Paul L.
Integration of decentralized generators with the electric power grid
This report develops a new methodology for studying the economic interaction of customer-owned electrical generators with the central electric power grid. The purpose of the report is to study the reciprocal effects of the ...
Finger, Susan
Community Renewable Resources
Community renewable programs provide community members with a renewable alternative to conventional energy sources in the form of power and/or financial benefit generated by renewable energy...
Accounting for fuel price risk when comparing renewable to gas-fired generation: the role of forward natural gas prices
Profiles of Renewable and Natural Gas Electricity Contracts:Price Risk: Using Forward Natural Gas Prices Instead of Gas2001). �Which way the natural gas price: an attempt to
Bolinger, Mark; Wiser, Ryan; Golove, William
US Renewable Futures in the GCAM
This project examines renewable energy deployment in the United States using a version of the GCAM integrated assessment model with detailed a representation of renewables, the GCAM-RE. Electricity generation was modeled in four generation segments and 12-subregions. This level of regional and sectoral detail allows a more explicit representation of renewable energy generation. Wind, solar thermal power, and central solar PV plants are implemented in explicit resource classes with new intermittency parameterizations appropriate for each technology. A scenario analysis examines a range of assumptions for technology characteristics, climate policy, and long-distance transmission. We find that renewable generation levels grow over the century in all scenarios. As expected, renewable generation increases with lower renewable technology costs, more stringent climate policy, and if alternative low-carbon technology are not available. The availability of long distance transmission lowers policy costs and changes the renewable generation mix.
Smith, Steven J.; Mizrahi, Andrew H.; Karas, Joseph F.; Nathan, Mayda
Renewable energy 1998: Issues and trends
This report presents the following five papers: Renewable electricity purchases: History and recent developments; Transmission pricing issues for electricity generation from renewable resources; Analysis of geothermal heat pump manufacturers survey data; A view of the forest products industry from a wood energy perspective; and Wind energy developments: Incentives in selected countries. A glossary is included. 19 figs., 27 tabs.
Edison Electric Institute State Generation and Transmission Siting...
LibraryAdd to library PermittingRegulatory Guidance - GuideHandbook: Edison Electric Institute State Generation and Transmission Siting DirectoryPermittingRegulatory...
Adapting On-site Electrical Generation Platforms for Producer Gas
Internal combustion reciprocating engine generators (gensets) are regularly deployed at distribution centers, small municipal utilities, and public institutions to provide on-site electricity...
towards that portfolio. Renewable resources were once rarelyobjectively evaluate renewable resources. Planned Renewableamount of planned renewable resource additions. In the case
Minimizing electricity costs with an auxiliary generator using stochastic programming
This thesis addresses the problem of minimizing a facility's electricity costs by generating optimal responses using an auxiliary generator as the parameter of the control systems. The-goal of the thesis is to find an ...
Rafiuly, Paul, 1976-
Golden Valley Electric Association- Sustainable Natural Alternative Power (SNAP) Program
Golden Valley Electric Association's (GVEA) SNAP program encourages members to install renewable energy generators and connect them to the utility's electrical distribution system by offering an...
Dynamic Analysis of Hybrid Energy Systems under Flexible Operation and Variable Renewable Generation -- Part I: Dynamic Performance Analysis and Part II: Dynamic Cost
Dynamic analysis of hybrid energy systems (HES) under flexible operation and variable renewable generation is considered in order to better understand various challenges and opportunities associated with the high system variability arising from the integration of renewable energy into the power grid. Unique consequences are addressed by devising advanced HES solutions in which multiple forms of energy commodities, such as electricity and chemical products, may be exchanged. Dynamic models of various unit operations are developed and integrated within two different HES options. One HES option, termed traditional, produces electricity only and consists of a primary heat generator (PHG) (e.g., a small modular reactor), a steam turbine generator, a wind farm, and a battery storage. The other HES option, termed advanced, includes not only the components present in the traditional option but also a chemical plant complex to repurpose excess energy for non-electricity services, such as for the production of chemical goods (e.g., transportation fuel). In either case, a given HES is connected to the power grid at a point of common coupling and requested to deliver a certain electricity generation profile as dictated by a regional power grid operator based on a predicted demand curve. Dynamic analysis of these highly-coupled HES are performed to identify their key dynamical properties and limitations and to prescribe solutions for best managing and mitigating the high variability introduced from incorporating renewable energy into the energy mix. A comparative dynamic cost analysis is also conducted to determine best HES options. The cost function includes a set of metrics for computing fixed costs, such as fixed operations and maintenance (O&M) and overnight capital costs, and also variable operational costs, such as cost of variability, variable O&M cost, and cost of environmental impact, together with revenues. Assuming different options for implementing PHG (e.g., natural gas, coal, nuclear), preliminary results identify the level of renewable penetration at which a given advanced HES option (e.g., a nuclear hybrid) becomes increasingly more economical than a traditional electricity-only generation solution. Conditions are also revealed under which carbon resources may be better utilized as carbon sources for chemical production rather than as combustion material for electricity generation.
Humberto E. Garcia; Amit Mohanty; Wen-Chiao Lin; Robert S. Cherry
The April 2011 DOE workshop, 'Computational Needs for the Next Generation Electric Grid', was the culmination of a year-long process to bring together some of the Nation's leading researchers and experts to identify computational challenges associated with the operation and planning of the electric power system. The attached papers provide a journey into these experts' insights, highlighting a class of mathematical and computational problems relevant for potential power systems research. While each paper defines a specific problem area, there were several recurrent themes. First, the breadth and depth of power system data has expanded tremendously over the past decade. This provides the potential for new control approaches and operator tools that can enhance system efficiencies and improve reliability. However, the large volume of data poses its own challenges, and could benefit from application of advances in computer networking and architecture, as well as data base structures. Second, the computational complexity of the underlying system problems is growing. Transmitting electricity from clean, domestic energy resources in remote regions to urban consumers, for example, requires broader, regional planning over multi-decade time horizons. Yet, it may also mean operational focus on local solutions and shorter timescales, as reactive power and system dynamics (including fast switching and controls) play an increasingly critical role in achieving stability and ultimately reliability. The expected growth in reliance on variable renewable sources of electricity generation places an exclamation point on both of these observations, and highlights the need for new focus in areas such as stochastic optimization to accommodate the increased uncertainty that is occurring in both planning and operations. Application of research advances in algorithms (especially related to optimization techniques and uncertainty quantification) could accelerate power system software tool performance, i.e. speed to solution, and enhance applicability for new and existing real-time operation and control approaches, as well as large-scale planning analysis. Finally, models are becoming increasingly essential for improved decision-making across the electric system, from resource forecasting to adaptive real-time controls to online dynamics analysis. The importance of data is thus reinforced by their inescapable role in validating, high-fidelity models that lead to deeper system understanding. Traditional boundaries (reflecting geographic, institutional, and market differences) are becoming blurred, and thus, it is increasingly important to address these seams in model formulation and utilization to ensure accuracy in the results and achieve predictability necessary for reliable operations. Each paper also embodies the philosophy that our energy challenges require interdisciplinary solutions - drawing on the latest developments in fields such as mathematics, computation, economics, as well as power systems. In this vein, the workshop should be viewed not as the end product, but the beginning of what DOE seeks to establish as a vibrant, on-going dialogue among these various communities. Bridging communication gaps among these communities will yield opportunities for innovation and advancement. The papers and workshop discussion provide the opportunity to learn from experts on the current state-of-the-art on computational approaches for electric power systems, and where one may focus to accelerate progress. It has been extremely valuable to me as I better understand this space, and consider future programmatic activities. I am confident that you too will enjoy the discussion, and certainly learn from the many experts. I would like to thank the authors of the papers for sharing their perspectives, as well as the paper discussants, session recorders, and participants. The meeting would not have been as successful without your commitment and engagement. I also would like to thank Joe Eto and Bob Thomas for their vision and leadership in bringing together su
Birman, Kenneth; Ganesh, Lakshmi; Renessee, Robbert van; Ferris, Michael; Hofmann, Andreas; Williams, Brian; Sztipanovits, Janos; Hemingway, Graham; University, Vanderbilt; Bose, Anjan; Stivastava, Anurag; Grijalva, Santiago; Grijalva, Santiago; Ryan, Sarah M.; McCalley, James D.; Woodruff, David L.; Xiong, Jinjun; Acar, Emrah; Agrawal, Bhavna; Conn, Andrew R.; Ditlow, Gary; Feldmann, Peter; Finkler, Ulrich; Gaucher, Brian; Gupta, Anshul; Heng, Fook-Luen; Kalagnanam, Jayant R; Koc, Ali; Kung, David; Phan, Dung; Singhee, Amith; Smith, Basil
Electricity generation with looped transmission networks: Bidding to an ISO
on a transmission network from net generation nodes to net consumption nodes is governed by the Kirchoff Laws [45Electricity generation with looped transmission networks: Bidding to an ISO Xinmin Hu Daniel Ralph to model markets for delivery of electrical power on looped transmission networks. It analyzes
Ferris, Michael C.
OECD/IEA 2013 World Renewable Energy
% Electricity Transport Industry Buildings Other sectors Non-OECD solid biomass Bioenergy Other renewables Non 2016 2018 2020 TWh Hydropower Bioenergy Onshore wind Offshore wind Solar PV CSP Geothermal Ocean-fired generation 2016 Nuclear generation 2016 Source: Medium-Term Renewables Market Report 2013 #12;© OECD/IEA 2013
Axial Current Generation from Electric Field: Chiral Electric Separation Effect
We study a relativistic plasma containing charged chiral fermions in an external electric field. We show that with the presence of both vector and axial charge densities, the electric field can induce an axial current along its direction and thus cause chirality separation. We call it the Chiral Electric Separation Effect (CESE). On very general basis, we argue that the strength of CESE is proportional to $\\mu_V\\mu_A$ with $\\mu_V$ and $\\mu_A$ the chemical potentials for vector charge and axial charge. We then explicitly calculate this CESE conductivity coefficient in thermal QED at leading-log order. The CESE can manifest a new gapless wave mode propagating along the electric field. Potential observable of CESE in heavy-ion collisions is also discussed.
Xu-Guang Huang; Jinfeng Liao
Developing a tool to estimate water withdrawal and consumption in electricity generation in the United States.
Freshwater consumption for electricity generation is projected to increase dramatically in the next couple of decades in the United States. The increased demand is likely to further strain freshwater resources in regions where water has already become scarce. Meanwhile, the automotive industry has stepped up its research, development, and deployment efforts on electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). Large-scale, escalated production of EVs and PHEVs nationwide would require increased electricity production, and so meeting the water demand becomes an even greater challenge. The goal of this study is to provide a baseline assessment of freshwater use in electricity generation in the United States and at the state level. Freshwater withdrawal and consumption requirements for power generated from fossil, nonfossil, and renewable sources via various technologies and by use of different cooling systems are examined. A data inventory has been developed that compiles data from government statistics, reports, and literature issued by major research institutes. A spreadsheet-based model has been developed to conduct the estimates by means of a transparent and interactive process. The model further allows us to project future water withdrawal and consumption in electricity production under the forecasted increases in demand. This tool is intended to provide decision makers with the means to make a quick comparison among various fuel, technology, and cooling system options. The model output can be used to address water resource sustainability when considering new projects or expansion of existing plants.
Wu, M.; Peng, J. (Energy Systems); ( NE)
CEC). 2000. California Natural Gas Analysis and Issues.2002. Average Price of Natural Gas Sold to Electric Utilityfor investments in natural gas and renewables to complement
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Fiscal Year 2014 Budget Rollout
Renewable Electricity Generation
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious Rank EERE:Year in3.pdfEnergyDepartment of Energy(National1 -OSSGasofOfficeKathleen Hogan, DeputyApril
J. Hamrin. 2005. �Renewable Energy Policies and Markets inKomor Paul: Renewable Energy Policy, Diebold Institute forN.I. (2004a): �Renewable energy policy in Denmark�, Energy
Features of a fully renewable US electricity system: Optimized mixes of wind and solar PV and transmission grid extensions
in order to follow the de- mand, wind and solar PV power output is largely determined by weather conditions Large-scale integration of renewable power generation Wind power generation Solar PV power generation Power transmission a b s t r a c t A future energy system is likely to rely heavily on wind and solar PV
Jacobson, Mark
of about 80 GW of coal-based generation technologyand reduces coal-based electricity generation by 18%.to offset coal- and natural gas-based electricity generation
An interconnected electric power system is a complex system that must be operated within a safe frequency range in order to reliably maintain the instantaneous balance between generation and load. This is accomplished by ensuring that adequate resources are available to respond to expected and unexpected imbalances and restoring frequency to its scheduled value in order to ensure uninterrupted electric service to customers. Electrical systems must be flexible enough to reliably operate under a variety of"change" scenarios. System planners and operators must understand how other parts of the system change in response to the initial change, and need tools to manage such changes to ensure reliable operation within the scheduled frequency range. This report presents a systematic approach to identifying metrics that are useful for operating and planning a reliable system with increased amounts of variable renewable generation which builds on existing industry practices for frequency control after unexpected loss of a large amount of generation. The report introduces a set of metrics or tools for measuring the adequacy of frequency response within an interconnection. Based on the concept of the frequency nadir, these metrics take advantage of new information gathering and processing capabilities that system operators are developing for wide-area situational awareness. Primary frequency response is the leading metric that will be used by this report to assess the adequacy of primary frequency control reserves necessary to ensure reliable operation. It measures what is needed to arrest frequency decline (i.e., to establish frequency nadir) at a frequency higher than the highest set point for under-frequency load shedding within an interconnection. These metrics can be used to guide the reliable operation of an interconnection under changing circumstances.
Eto, Joseph H.; Undrill, John; Mackin, Peter; Daschmans, Ron; Williams, Ben; Haney, Brian; Hunt, Randall; Ellis, Jeff; Illian, Howard; Martinez, Carlos; O'Malley, Mark; Coughlin, Katie; LaCommare, Kristina Hamachi
electric generation | OpenEI Community
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of InspectorConcentrating SolarElectric Coop,SaveWhiskey Flats GeothermalElectric Coop
Wind and solar PV generation data for the entire contiguous US are calculated, on the basis of 32 years of weather data with temporal resolution of one hour and spatial resolution of 40x40km$^2$, assuming site-suitability-based as well as stochastic wind and solar PV capacity distributions throughout the country. These data are used to investigate a fully renewable electricity system, resting primarily upon wind and solar PV power. We find that the seasonal optimal mix of wind and solar PV comes at around 80% solar PV share, owing to the US summer load peak. By picking this mix, long-term storage requirements can be more than halved compared to a wind only mix. The daily optimal mix lies at about 80% wind share due to the nightly gap in solar PV production. Picking this mix instead of solar only reduces backup energy needs by about 50%. Furthermore, we calculate shifts in FERC (Federal Energy Regulatory Commission)-level LCOE (Levelized Costs Of Electricity) for wind and solar PV due to their differing resour...
Becker, Sarah; Andresen, Gorm B; Zeyer, Timo; Schramm, Stefan; Greiner, Martin; Jacobson, Mark Z
Electric Vehicle Handbook: Electrical Contractors (Brochure), NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth7-1D: Vegetation Proposed NewcatalystNeutronEnvironmentZIRKLEEFFECTS OFElaineElectric826 detailed data
Fact #844: October 27, 2014 Electricity Generated from Coal has Declined while Generation from Natural Gas has Grown � Dataset
Excel file with dataset for Fact #844:�Electricity Generated from Coal has Declined while Generation from Natural Gas has Grown
development integration of different aspects: > human > social > technical > economic > environmental FirstELECTRIFICATION OF ISOLATED AREAS BY INTERCONNECTING DIFFERENT RENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY intend to join their efforts to develop a technique to generate electricity from primary renewable
Renewables Intermittency: Operational Limits and Implications for Long-Term Energy System Models
In several regions of the world, the share of intermittent renewables (such as wind and solar PV) in electricity generation is rapidly increasing. The current share of these renewable energy sources (RES) can still more ...
Delarue, E.
Bioaugmentation for Electricity Generation from Corn Stover
for microbial fermenta- tion to ethanol. This conversion of cellulose to sugars can,suchascornstover,forethanolproduction (1-3). One of the main technical obstacles is that cellulose needs to first be converted to sugars gas through cellulose fermentation or electricity in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) (3, 4). On the anode
Renewable Energy Production Tax Credit (Corporate)
Enacted in 2002, the New Mexico Renewable Energy Production Tax Credit provides a tax credit against the corporate income tax of one cent per kilowatt-hour for companies that generate electricity...
Renewable Energy Production Tax Credit (Personal)
Enacted in 2002, the New Mexico Renewable Energy Production Tax Credit provides a tax credit against the personal income tax of one cent per kilowatt-hour for companies that generate electricity...
State Renewable Energy Requirements and Goals: Update Through 2003 (released in AEO2005)
As of the end of 2003, 15 states had legislated programs to encourage the development of renewable energy for electricity generation. Of the 17 programs (two states have multiple programs), 9 are renewable portfolio standards (RPS), 4 are renewable energy mandates, and 4 are renewable energy goals.
Maine: Energy Efficiency Program Helps Generate Town's Electricity
Energy Efficiency program helps municipalities with their energy bills. Thomaston, Maine, was able to install solar panels to generate 13% of the electricity used by the wastewater treatment facility.
KRS Chapter 278: Electric Generation and Transmission Siting (Kentucky)
No person shall commence to construct a merchant electric generating facility until that person has applied for and obtained a construction certificate for the facility from the Kentucky State...
Sales and Use Tax Exemption for Electrical Generating Facilities
Electrical generating facilities are exempt from sales and use taxes in North Dakota. The exemption is granted for the purchase of building materials, production equipment, and any other tangible...
Alternative electric generation impact simulator : final summary report
This report is a short summary of three related research tasks that were conducted during the project "Alternative Electric Generation Impact Simulator." The first of these tasks combines several different types of ...
Gruhl, Jim
Competitive electricity markets and investment in new generating capacity
Evidence from the U.S. and some other countries indicates that organized wholesale markets for electrical energy and operating reserves do not provide adequate incentives to stimulate the proper quantity or mix of generating ...
Applications for Certificates for Electric Generation Facilities (Ohio)
An applicant for a certificate to site an electric power generating facility shall provide a project summary and overview of the proposed project. In general, the summary should be suitable as a...
Design of Micro-grid System Based on Renewable Power Generation Units
Abstract- Micro-grid system is currently a conceptual solution to fulfill the commitment of reliable power delivery for future power systems. Renewable power sources such as wind and hydro offer the best potential for emission free power for future micro-grid systems. This paper presents a micro-grid system based on wind and hydro power sources and addresses issues related to operation, control, and stability of the system. The micro-grid system investigated in this paper represents a case study in Newfoundland, Canada. It consists of a small hydro generation unit and a wind farm that contains nine variable- speed, double-fed induction generator based wind turbines. Using Matlab/Simulink, the system is modeled and simulated to identify the technical issues involved in the operation of a micro-grid system based on renewable power generation units. The operational modes, technical challenges and a brief outline of conceptual approaches to addressing some of the technical issues are presented for further investigation.
Dr. K. Ravich; M. Manasa; Mr. P. Yohan Babu; G. V. P. Anjaneyulu
Low-cost distributed solar-thermal-electric power generation
Low-cost distributed solar-thermal-electric power generation A. Der Minassians, K. H. Aschenbach discuss the technical and economic feasibility of a low-cost distributed solar-thermal-electric power technologies should be judged by output power per dollar rather than by efficiency or other technical merits
Sanders, Seth
Project Overview: United Parcel Service's Second-Generation Hybrid-Electric Delivery Vans (Fact Sheet)
This fact sheet describes UPS second generation hybrid-electric delivery vehicles as compared to conventional delivery vehicles. Medium-duty commercial vehicles such as moving trucks, beverage-delivery trucks, and package-delivery vans consume almost 2,000 gal of fuel per year on average. United Parcel Service (UPS) operates hybrid-electric package-delivery vans to reduce the fuel use and emissions of its fleet. In 2008, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL's) Fleet Test and Evaluation Team evaluated the first generation of UPS' hybrid delivery vans. These hybrid vans demonstrated 29%-37% higher fuel economy than comparable conventional diesel vans, which contributed to UPS' decision to add second-generation hybrid vans to its fleet. The Fleet Test and Evaluation Team is now evaluating the 18-month, in-service performance of 11 second-generation hybrid vans and 11 comparable conventional diesel vans operated by UPS in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The evaluation also includes testing fuel economy and emissions at NREL's Renewable Fuels and Lubricants (ReFUEL) Laboratory and comparing diesel particulate filter (DPF) regeneration. In addition, a followup evaluation of UPS' first-generation hybrid vans will show how those vehicles performed over three years of operation. One goal of this project is to provide a consistent comparison of fuel economy and operating costs between the second-generation hybrid vans and comparable conventional vans. Additional goals include quantifying the effects of hybridization on DPF regeneration and helping UPS select delivery routes for its hybrid vans that maximize the benefits of hybrid technology. This document introduces the UPS second-generation hybrid evaluation project. Final results will be available in mid-2012.
E-Print Network 3.0 - accompany twenty-seventh renewal Sample...
Portfolio Standard (RPS) would create 3... price, long-term contract for a utility to buy electricity produced by renewable energy generators... private investment in the state...
38 renewable energy focus July/August 2009 Feature article
38 renewable energy focus July/August 2009 Feature article Compact electrical generators.: Illustration shows magnified view of high temperature superconductor cable. #12;renewable energy focus July/August 2009 39 Renewable energy/infrastructure there has been excitement about superconductivity. The sting
Hampshire, Damian
A rotating suspended liquid film as an electric generator
We have observed that a rotating liquid film generates electricity when a large external electric field is applied in the plane of the film. In our experiment suspended liquid film (soap film) is formed on a circular frame positioned horizontally on a rotating motor. This devise is located at the center of two capacitor-like vertical plates to apply external electric field in X-direction.The produced electric energy is piked up by two brushes in Y-direction of the suspended liquid film. We previously reported that a liquid film in an external electric field rotates when an electric current passes through it, naming it the liquid film motor (LFM). In this letter we report that the same system can be used as an electric generator, converting the rotating mechanical energy to an electric energy. The liquid film electric generator (LFEG) is in stark contrast to the LFM, both of which could be designed in very small scales like micro scales applicable in lab on a chip. The device is comparable to commercial DC ele...
Amjadi, Ahmad; Namin, Reza Montazeri
The RenewElec Project: Variable Renewable Energy and the Power System
Variable energy resources, such as wind power, now produce about 4% of U.S. electricity. They can play a significantly expanded role if the U.S. adopts a systems approach that considers affordability, security and reliability. Reaching a 20-30% renewable portfolio standard goal is possible, but not without changes in the management and regulation of the power system, including accurately assessing and preparing for the operational effects of renewable generation. The RenewElec project will help the nation make the transition to the use of significant amounts of electric generation from variable and intermittent sources of renewable power.
Apt, Jay
Developing and Implementing the Foundation for a Renewable Energy-Based "Distribution Generation Micro-grid": A California Energy Commission Public Interest Energy Research Co-Funded Program
The California Energy Commission has been implementing its Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) and Renewable Energy Programs since early 1998. In the last two years, the demand for renewable distributed generation systems has increased rapidly...
Lilly, P.; Sebold, F. D.; Carpenter, M.; Kitto, W.
Generating Revenue for Generating Green Electricity: Evidence from Laboratory Experiments on
Programs The first generation of green electricity programs were established over the last fifteen years generation. As of 2009, 860 such programs were operating in the United States (Bird and Sumner, 2010 per kilowatt-hour and decides the fraction of monthly electricity consumption to which the premium
EC417: Electric Energy Systems: Adapting to Renewable Resources Description: This course will present a detailed perspective of electric power systems
EC417: Electric Energy Systems: Adapting to Renewable Resources Description: This course such as photovoltaics and wind. Conventional approaches will be presented with emphasis to future technology Circuits (EK307) Course Topics: 1. Brief History of Power Systems (the great AC-DC battle) 2. Basic
's electricity from renewable resources by 2010. The Guidebook outlines eligibility and legal requirementsCALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION ` NEW RENEWABLE FACILITIES PROGRAM GUIDEBOOK March 2007 CEC-300 Executive Director Heather Raitt Technical Director RENEWABLE ENERGY OFFICE CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION
Modeling of a detonation driven, linear electric generator facility
the heat and the force produced from the detonation wave. In previous experimental work, a single that involve coupling a PDE with different systems to drive a generator and produce electricity [2, 3]. One. For instance, it may be possible to design a generator that uses the force created by the pressure rise from
Texas at Arlington, University of
Draft Fourth Northwest Conservation and Electric Power Plan, Appendix K RENEWABLE RESOURCE CONFIRMATION AGENDA
RESOURCE CONFIRMATION AGENDA The renewable resource confirmation agenda is a set of coordinated research and wind resources. The activities include resource assessment, conflict resolution and renewable-power objectives. Table K-1 Status and Recommendations Regarding the Renewable Resources Confirmation Agenda
), which has a goal of obtaining 33 percent of the state's electricity from renewable resources by 2020COMMISSION GUIDEBOOK RENEWABLE ENERGY PROGRAM OVERALL PROGRAM GUIDEBOOK Fourth Edition Manager Renewable Energy Office G. William Pennington Acting Deputy Director Efficiency and Renewable
Dispersed power and renewables
Distributed power generation and renewable energy sources are discussed: The following topics are discussed: distributed resources, distributed generation, commercialization requirements, biomass power, location of existing biomass feedstocks, biomass business plan components, North Carolina BGCC partnership, New York biomass co-firing project, alfalfa for power and feed, Hawaii Pioneer Mill LOI project, next steps for biomass, wind power activity, photovoltaic modules and arrays, lead-acid batteries, superconducting magnetic energy storage, fuel cells, and electric power industry trends.
O`Sullivan, J.B.
Competitive Bidding Process for Electric Distribution Companies� Procurement of Default and Back-up Electric Generation Services (Connecticut)
Electric distribution companies shall utilize a competitive bidding process for electric generation services. The Department of Public Utility Control will be responsible for setting the criteria...
Clean Energy Technologies: A Preliminary Inventory of the Potential for Electricity Generation
The nation's power system is facing a diverse and broad set of challenges. These range from restructuring and increased competitiveness in power production to the need for additional production and distribution capacity to meet demand growth, and demands for increased quality and reliability of power and power supply. In addition, there are growing concerns about emissions from fossil fuel powered generation units and generators are seeking methods to reduce the CO{sub 2} emission intensity of power generation. Although these challenges may create uncertainty within the financial and electricity supply markets, they also offer the potential to explore new opportunities to support the accelerated deployment of cleaner and cost-effective technologies to meet such challenges. The federal government and various state governments, for example, support the development of a sustainable electricity infrastructure. As part of this policy, there are a variety of programs to support the development of ''cleaner'' technologies such as combined heat and power (CHP, or cogeneration) and renewable energy technologies. Energy from renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, hydro, and biomass, are considered carbon-neutral energy technologies. The production of renewable energy creates no incremental increase in fossil fuel consumption and CO{sub 2} emissions. Electricity and thermal energy production from all renewable resources, except biomass, produces no incremental increase in air pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, particulate matter, and carbon monoxide. There are many more opportunities for the development of cleaner electricity and thermal energy technologies called ''recycled'' energy. A process using fossil fuels to produce an energy service may have residual energy waste streams that may be recycled into useful energy services. Recycled energy methods would capture energy from sources that would otherwise be unused and convert it to electricity or useful thermal energy. Recycled energy produces no or little increase in fossil fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. Examples of energy recycling methods include industrial gasification technologies to increase energy recovery, as well as less traditional CHP technologies, and the use of energy that is typically discarded from pressure release vents or from the burning and flaring of waste streams. These energy recovery technologies have the ability to reduce costs for power generation. This report is a preliminary study of the potential contribution of this ''new'' generation of clean recycled energy supply technologies to the power supply of the United States. For each of the technologies this report provides a short technical description, as well as an estimate of the potential for application in the U.S., estimated investment and operation costs, as well as impact on air pollutant emission reductions. The report summarizes the potential magnitude of the benefits of these new technologies. The report does not yet provide a robust cost-benefit analysis. It is stressed that the report provides a preliminary assessment to help focus future efforts by the federal government to further investigate the opportunities offered by new clean power generation technologies, as well as initiate policies to support further development and uptake of clean power generation technologies.
Bailey, Owen; Worrell, Ernst
Renewable Energy Opportunities at Fort Hood, Texas
The document provides an overview of renewable resource potential at Fort Hood based primarily upon analysis of secondary data sources supplemented with limited on-site evaluations. The effort was funded by the U.S. Army Installation Management Command (IMCOM) as follow-on to the 2005 DoD Renewables Assessment. This effort focuses on grid-connected generation of electricity from renewable energy sources and also ground source heat pumps for heating and cooling buildings, as directed by IMCOM.
Chvala, William D.; Warwick, William M.; Dixon, Douglas R.; Solana, Amy E.; Weimar, Mark R.; States, Jennifer C.; Reilly, Raymond W.
Recent developments in distributed generation technologies have enabled new options for supplying electrical energy in remote and off-grid areas. The importance of fuel cells has increased during the past decade due to the extensive use of fossil fuels for electrical power has resulted in many negative consequences. Fuel cells are now closer to commercialization than past and they have the ability to fulfill all of the global power needs while meeting the economic and environmental expectations..The objective of this paper is to study the economic performance and operation of a fuel cell distributed generation and to provide an assessment of the economic issues associated in electrical network. In this study, with HOMER (Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables) software, NREL�s micro power optimization model performed a range of equipment options over varying constraints and sensitivities to optimize small power distribution systems. Its flexibility makes it useful in the evaluation of design issues in the planning and early decision-making phase of rural electrification projects. This study concludes that fuel cell systems appear competitive today if is connected with proposed hybrid DG in an AC distribution grid. The overall energy management strategy for coordinating the power flows among the different energy sources is presented with cost-effective approach.
unknown authors
Insuring Electric Power for Critical Services After Disasters with Building-Sited Electric Generating Technologies
of traditional emergency generator applications, these technologies are integrated in building energy systems to provide some portion of a facility�s electricity and thermal energy needs including space heating and air conditioning. In the event of a power.... These CHP systems provide electricity and utilize waste heat from the generation process in existing building thermal applications such as space heating, domestic water heating. Thermal energy can also be used in an absorption refrigeration cycle...
Jackson, J.
FACTSHEET: Next Generation Power Electronics Manufacturing Innovation...
to jumpstart the next generation of smaller, faster, cheaper and more efficient power electronics for personal devices, electric vehicles, renewable power interconnection,...
Auction approaches of long-term contracts to ensure generation investment in electricity markets: Lessons from the Brazilian and Chilean experiences$
.g. renewables, in the developed world and therefore achieve a clean electricity supply. & 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All energy purchase, correct risk allocation among investors and consumers, and the politico the entrance of new generation in order to meet load growth. This is particularly crucial in developing
Integrated High Speed Intelligent Utility Tie Unit for Disbursed/Renewable Generation Facilities Worakarn Wongsaichua, Wei-Jen Lee Soontorn Oraintara Chiman Kwan Frank Zhang
Integrated High Speed Intelligent Utility Tie Unit for Disbursed/Renewable Generation Facilities is to rejuvenate the idea of integrated resource planning and promote the distributed generation via traditional or renewable generation facilities for the deregulated utility systems. Fuel cell and photovoltaic are the most
Oraintara, Soontorn
HAS222d Intro to Energy and Environement: 40% off energy use in US goes into generating electricity
goes into generating electricity generation efficiency: 33% electric power loss: plant to consumer 7) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power_transmission#Losses http fuel power generation plants that dominate our electricity production. Remember that electricity
Decision-Support Software for Grid Operators: Transmission Topology Control for Infrastructure Resilience to the Integration of Renewable Generation
GENI Project: The CRA team is developing control technology to help grid operators more actively manage power flows and integrate renewables by optimally turning on and off entire power lines in coordination with traditional control of generation and load resources. The control technology being developed would provide grid operators with tools to help manage transmission congestion by identifying the facilities whose on/off status must change to lower generation costs, increase utilization of renewable resources and improve system reliability. The technology is based on fast optimization algorithms for the near to real-time change in the on/off status of transmission facilities and their software implementation.
Jay Apt, Paulina Jaramillo, and Stephen Rose Carnegie Mellon Electricity Industry Center (CEIC)'s RenewElec Project
electric generators. 9 · Solar: Photovoltaic (solar panels) Solar thermal (concentrated solar power at 15-20 cents per kWh. · If installed prices fall 40%, PV can match the current price of wind) supporting wind projects and the investment tax credits (ITC) supporting solar projects. Electric Generation
McGaughey, Alan
power system modeling, wind energy I. I NTRODUCTION Generating electricity from wind technology has several advantages
Incorporating operational flexibility into electric generation planning : impacts and methods for system design and policy analysis
This dissertation demonstrates how flexibility in hourly electricity operations can impact long-term planning and analysis for future power systems, particularly those with substantial variable renewables (e.g., wind) or ...
Palmintier, Bryan S. (Bryan Stephen)
model to project hourly wholesale electricity market pricesSecond, based on the wholesale electricity market pricesthe temporal trends in wholesale market electricity prices.
Accounting for fuel price risk: Using forward natural gas prices instead of gas price forecasts to compare renewable to natural gas-fired generation
Against the backdrop of increasingly volatile natural gas prices, renewable energy resources, which by their nature are immune to natural gas fuel price risk, provide a real economic benefit. Unlike many contracts for natural gas-fired generation, renewable generation is typically sold under fixed-price contracts. Assuming that electricity consumers value long-term price stability, a utility or other retail electricity supplier that is looking to expand its resource portfolio (or a policymaker interested in evaluating different resource options) should therefore compare the cost of fixed-price renewable generation to the hedged or guaranteed cost of new natural gas-fired generation, rather than to projected costs based on uncertain gas price forecasts. To do otherwise would be to compare apples to oranges: by their nature, renewable resources carry no natural gas fuel price risk, and if the market values that attribute, then the most appropriate comparison is to the hedged cost of natural gas-fired generation. Nonetheless, utilities and others often compare the costs of renewable to gas-fired generation using as their fuel price input long-term gas price forecasts that are inherently uncertain, rather than long-term natural gas forward prices that can actually be locked in. This practice raises the critical question of how these two price streams compare. If they are similar, then one might conclude that forecast-based modeling and planning exercises are in fact approximating an apples-to-apples comparison, and no further consideration is necessary. If, however, natural gas forward prices systematically differ from price forecasts, then the use of such forecasts in planning and modeling exercises will yield results that are biased in favor of either renewable (if forwards < forecasts) or natural gas-fired generation (if forwards > forecasts). In this report we compare the cost of hedging natural gas price risk through traditional gas-based hedging instruments (e.g., futures, swaps, and fixed-price physical supply contracts) to contemporaneous forecasts of spot natural gas prices, with the purpose of identifying any systematic differences between the two. Although our data set is quite limited, we find that over the past three years, forward gas prices for durations of 2-10 years have been considerably higher than most natural gas spot price forecasts, including the reference case forecasts developed by the Energy Information Administration (EIA). This difference is striking, and implies that resource planning and modeling exercises based on these forecasts over the past three years have yielded results that are biased in favor of gas-fired generation (again, presuming that long-term stability is desirable). As discussed later, these findings have important ramifications for resource planners, energy modelers, and policy-makers.
Methodology The electricity generation and distribution network in the Western United States is
Methodology The electricity generation and distribution network in the Western United States is comprised of power plants, electric utilities, electrical transformers, transmission and distribution infrastructure, etc. We conceptualize the system as a transportation network with resources (electricity
Hall, Sharon J.
EIS-0476: Vogtle Electric Generating Plant, Units 3 and 4
This EIS evaluates the environmental impacts of construction and startup of the proposed Units 3 and 4 at the Vogtle Electric Generating Plant in Burke County, Georgia. DOE adopted two Nuclear Regulatory Commission EISs associated with this project (i.e., NUREG-1872, issued 8/2008, and NUREG-1947, issued 3/2011).
Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Electricity Generation (Fact Sheet)
Analysts at NREL have developed and applied a systematic approach to review the LCA literature, identify primary sources of variability and, where possible, reduce variability in GHG emissions estimates through a procedure called 'harmonization.' Harmonization of the literature provides increased precision and helps clarify the impacts of specific electricity generation choices, producing more robust results.
Distributed Generation Dispatch Optimization under VariousElectricity Tariffs
The on-site generation of electricity can offer buildingowners and occupiers financial benefits as well as social benefits suchas reduced grid congestion, improved energy efficiency, and reducedgreenhouse gas emissions. Combined heat and power (CHP), or cogeneration,systems make use of the waste heat from the generator for site heatingneeds. Real-time optimal dispatch of CHP systems is difficult todetermine because of complicated electricity tariffs and uncertainty inCHP equipment availability, energy prices, and system loads. Typically,CHP systems use simple heuristic control strategies. This paper describesa method of determining optimal control in real-time and applies it to alight industrial site in San Diego, California, to examine: 1) the addedbenefit of optimal over heuristic controls, 2) the price elasticity ofthe system, and 3) the site-attributable greenhouse gas emissions, allunder three different tariff structures. Results suggest that heuristiccontrols are adequate under the current tariff structure and relativelyhigh electricity prices, capturing 97 percent of the value of thedistributed generation system. Even more value could be captured bysimply not running the CHP system during times of unusually high naturalgas prices. Under hypothetical real-time pricing of electricity,heuristic controls would capture only 70 percent of the value ofdistributed generation.
Clean coal technologies in electric power generation: a brief overview
The paper talks about the future clean coal technologies in electric power generation, including pulverized coal (e.g., advanced supercritical and ultra-supercritical cycles and fluidized-bed combustion), integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC), and CO{sub 2} capture technologies. 6 refs., 2 tabs.
Janos Beer; Karen Obenshain [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), MA (United States)
Atmospheric Mercury Deposition Impacts of Future Electric Power Generation
Atmospheric Mercury Deposition Impacts of Future Electric Power Generation Mark D. Cohen Physical fish consumption, and significant portions of the general population are believed to be consuming toxicologically significant levels of mercury (e.g., National Research Council, 2000). Historical discharges e
Effective critical electric field for runaway electron generation
In this letter we investigate factors that influence the effective critical electric field for runaway electron generation in plasmas. We present numerical solutions of the kinetic equation, and discuss the implications for the threshold electric field. We show that the effective electric field necessary for significant runaway formation often is higher than previously calculated due to both (1) extremely strong dependence of primary generation on temperature, and (2) synchrotron radiation losses. We also address the effective critical field in the context of a transition from runaway growth to decay. We find agreement with recent experiments, but show that the observation of an elevated effective critical field can mainly be attributed to changes in the momentum-space distribution of runaways, and only to a lesser extent to a de facto change in the critical field.
Stahl, Adam; Decker, Joan; Embr�us, Ola; F�l�p, T�nde
An Assessment of the Economics of Future Electric Power Generation Options and the Implications for Fusion
This study examines the potential range of electric power costs for some major alternatives to fusion electric power generation when it is ultimately deployed in the middle of the 21st century and, thus, offers a perspective on the cost levels that fusion must achieve to be competitive. The alternative technologies include coal burning, coal gasification, natural gas, nuclear fission, and renewable energy. The cost of electricity (COE) from the alternatives to fusion should remain in the 30-50 mils/kWh (1999 dollars) range of today in carbon sequestration is not needed, 30-60 mils/kWh if sequestration is required, or as high as 75 mils/kWh for the worst-case scenario for cost uncertainty. The reference COE range for fusion was estimated at 70-100 nmils/kWh for 1- to 1.3-GW(e) scale power plants. Fusion costs will have to be reduced and/or alternative concepts derived before fusion will be competitive with the alternatives for the future production of electricity. Fortunately, there are routes to achieve this goal.
Delene, J.G.; Hadley, S.; Reid, R.L.; Sheffield, J.; Williams, K.A.
UBC Social Ecological Economic Development Studies (SEEDS) Student Report An Investigation into Generating Renewable Energy for New Student
into Generating Renewable Energy for New Student Union Building Using Solar Cells Muhammad Usman Rizwan, Malihsa are jobs that promote environmental solutions to problems. These jobs for solar cells include will provide enough solar energy to power the SUB as long as a proper storage unit is installed as well. Also
Abstract--The integration of variable renewable generation sources continues to be a significant area of focus for power
sources like wind and solar tend to be highly variable in nature. To counter the energy imbalance caused the dependency on foreign energy sources drive much of the deployment. Unfortunately, renewable energy generation. This paper investigates a regulation-services-based battery charging method on a population of plug-in hybrid
Staff Draft Report. Comparative Cost of California Central Station Electricity Generation Technologies.
This Energy Commission staff draft report presents preliminary levelized cost estimates for several generic central-station electricity generation technologies. California has traditionally adopted energy policies that balance the goals of supporting economic development, improving environmental quality and promoting resource diversity. In order to be effective, such policies must be based on comprehensive and timely gathering of information. With this goal in mind, the purpose of the report is to provide comparative levelized cost estimates for a set of renewable (e.g., solar) and nonrenewable (e.g., natural gas-fired) central-station electricity generation resources, based on each technology's operation and capital cost. Decision-makers and others can use this information to compare the generic cost to build specific technology. These costs are not site specific. If a developer builds a specific power plant at a specific location, the cost of siting that plant at that specific location must be considered. The Energy Commission staff also identifies the type of fuel used by each technology and a description of the manner in which the technology operates in the generation system. The target audiences of this report are both policy-makers and anyone wishing to understand some of the fundamental attributes that are generally considered when evaluating the cost of building and operating different electricity generation technology resources. These costs do not reflect the total cost to consumers of adding these technologies to a resources portfolio. These technology characterizations do not capture all of the system, environmental or other relevant attributes that would typically be needed by a portfolio manager to conduct a comprehensive ''comparative value analysis''. A portfolio analysis will vary depending on the particular criteria and measurement goals of each study. For example, some form of firm capacity is typically needed with wind generation to support system reliability. [DJE-2005
Badr, Magdy; Benjamin, Richard
Has Restructuring Improved Operating Efficiency at U.S. Electricity Generating Plants?
in electricity generation, relative to IOU plants in stateselectricity generation sector restructuring in the United States on plant-plant over the year, measured by annual net megawatt-hours of electricity generation,
Fabrizio, Kira; Rose, Nancy; Wolfram, Catherine
commercially-developed renewable resources or alternatively3,368 GWh of existing renewable resources (as of 2008), thatproportion of the renewable resource portfolio (~60-75%),
The Potential Impact of Increased Renewable Energy Penetration Levels on Electricity Bill Savings From Residential Photovoltaic Systems
Impact of Increased Renewable Energy Penetration Levels onof Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (Solar EnergyImpact of Increased Renewable Energy Penetration Levels on
Impact of Increased Renewable Energy Penetration Levels onEfficiency and Renewable Energy (Solar Energy TechnologiesImpact of Increased Renewable Energy Penetration Levels on
Evaluation and Ranking of Geothermal Resources for Electrical Generation or Electrical Offset in Idaho, Montana, Oregon and Washington. Volume II.
This volume contains appendices on: (1) resource assessment - electrical generation computer results; (2) resource assessment summary - direct use computer results; (3) electrical generation (high temperature) resource assessment computer program listing; (4) direct utilization (low temperature) resource assessment computer program listing; (5) electrical generation computer program CENTPLANT and related documentation; (6) electrical generation computer program WELLHEAD and related documentation; (7) direct utilization computer program HEATPLAN and related documentation; (8) electrical generation ranking computer program GEORANK and related documentation; (9) direct utilization ranking computer program GEORANK and related documentation; and (10) life cycle cost analysis computer program and related documentation. (ACR)
Bloomquist, R. Gordon
College of Engineering University of Canterbury Electric Power Engineering Centre
distribution, communications, distribution equipment, facility management services, renewable generation span the electricity value chain from generation through to transportation services, to the end Island of New Zealand, with a range of interests, products and service offerings including: electricity
Hickman, Mark
for electricity generation is a major target in the EU. To meeting this target in recent years, a wide range of renewable energy for electricity generation (RES-E) is a major target in the EU. The DirectiveLESSONS LEARNED FROM RECENT PROMOTION STRATEGIES FOR ELECTRICITY FROM RENEWABLES IN EU COUNTRIES
International Natural Gas Prices for Electricity Generation - EIA
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) " ,"ClickPipelines AboutDecember 2005 (Thousand9,0, 1997EnvironmentElectricity Generation forElectricity
Identification and definition of unbundled electric generation and transmission services
State and federal regulators, private and public utilities, large and small customers, power brokers and marketers, and others are engaged in major debates about the future structure of the electric industry. Although the outcomes are far from certain, it seems clear that customers will have much greater choices about the electric services they purchase and from whom they buy these services. This report examines the ``ancillary`` services that are today buried within the typical vertically integrated utility. These ancillary services support and make possible the provision of the basic services of generating capacity, energy supply, and power delivery. These ancillary services include: Management of generating units; reserve generating capacity to follow variations in customer loads, to provide capacity and energy when generating units or transmission lines suddenly fall, to maintain electric-system stability, and to provide local-area security; transmission-system monitoring and control; replacement of real power and energy losses; reactive-power management and voltage regulation; transmission reserves; repair and maintenance of the transmission network; metering, billing, and communications; and assurance of appropriate levels of power quality. Our focus in this report, the first output from a larger Oak Ridge National Laboratory project, is on identification and definition of these services. Later work in this project will examine more closely the costs and pricing options for each service.
Kirby, B.; Hirst, E.; Vancoevering, J.
Distributed Load Demand Scheduling in Smart Grid to Minimize Electricity Generation Cost
Distributed Load Demand Scheduling in Smart Grid to Minimize Electricity Generation Cost Siyu Yue- ple users cooperate to perform load demand scheduling in order to minimize the electricity generation between electricity consumption and generation. On the consumption side, electric demand ramps up
Pedram, Massoud
Integrating renewables moves to center stage
A number of governments around the world, including India and China, have identified green and renewable energy technologies as future engines of growth and job creation worthy of significant subsidies. In a number of countries, renewable resources will be the dominant form of new generation for the foreseeable future. In 2008, the U.S. Department of Energy published a study that concluded that the U.S. could conceivably meet 20 percent of its electricity generation by 2030 from wind alone.
of renewables in the energy mix. While the specifics vary,growing percentage of energy mix in the future. This chapterelectricity from RES in their energy mix. Most schemes allow
Renewable Energy Property Tax Exemption
This statute exempts renewable energy equipment from property taxes. Renewable energy includes wind, solar thermal electric, photovoltaic, biomass, hydropower, geothermal, and landfill gas...
Solar Renewable Energy Certificates (SRECs)
Maryland's Renewable Energy Portfolio Standard, enacted in May 2004 and revised in 2007 and 2008, requires electricity suppliers (all utilities and competitive retail suppliers) to use renewable...
Electricity generation and environmental externalities: Case studies, September 1995
Electricity constitutes a critical input in sustaining the Nation`s economic growth and development and the well-being of its inhabitants. However, there are byproducts of electricity production that have an undesirable effect on the environment. Most of these are emissions introduced by the combustion of fossil fuels, which accounts for nearly 70 percent of the total electricity generated in the United States. The environmental impacts (or damages) caused by these emissions are labeled environmental ``externalities.`` Included in the generic term ``externality`` are benefits or costs resulting as an unintended byproduct of an economic activity that accrue to someone other than the parties involved in the activity. This report provides an overview of the economic foundation of externalities, the Federal and State regulatory approaches, and case studies of the impacts of the externality policies adopted by three States.
and integrated in smart buildings Is it that simple or doesN ATIONAL L ABORATORY Smart buildings with electric vehicleopportunity employer. Smart buildings with electric vehicle
Microgrids in the Evolving Electricity Generation and DeliveryInfrastructure
The legacy paradigm for electricity service in most of the electrified world today is based on the centralized generation-transmission-distribution infrastructure that evolved under a regulated environment. More recently, a quest for effective economic investments, responsive markets, and sensitivity to the availability of resources, has led to various degrees of deregulation and unbundling of services. In this context, a new paradigm is emerging wherein electricity generation is intimately embedded with the load in microgrids. Development and decay of the familiar macrogrid is discussed. Three salient features of microgrids are examined to suggest that cohabitation of micro and macro grids is desirable, and that overall energy efficiency can be increased, while power is delivered to loads at appropriate levels of quality.
Marnay, Chris; Venkataramanan, Giri
Accounting for fuel price risk when comparing renewable togas-fired generation: the role of forward natural gas prices
Unlike natural gas-fired generation, renewable generation (e.g., from wind, solar, and geothermal power) is largely immune to fuel price risk. If ratepayers are rational and value long-term price stability, then--contrary to common practice--any comparison of the levelized cost of renewable to gas-fired generation should be based on a hedged gas price input, rather than an uncertain gas price forecast. This paper compares natural gas prices that can be locked in through futures, swaps, and physical supply contracts to contemporaneous long-term forecasts of spot gas prices. We find that from 2000-2003, forward gas prices for terms of 2-10 years have been considerably higher than most contemporaneous long-term gas price forecasts. This difference is striking, and implies that comparisons between renewable and gas-fired generation based on these forecasts over this period have arguably yielded results that are biased in favor of gas-fired generation.
Navajo Generating Station and Clean-Energy Alternatives: Options for Renewables
In January 2012, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory delivered to the Department of the Interior the first part of a study on Navajo Generating Station (Navajo GS) and the likely impacts of BART compliance options. That document establishes a comprehensive baseline for the analysis of clean energy alternatives, and their ability to achieve benefits similar to those that Navajo GS currently provides. This analysis is a supplement to NREL's January 2012 study. It provides a high level examination of several clean energy alternatives, based on the previous analysis. Each has particular characteristics affecting its relevance as an alternative to Navajo GS. It is assumed that the development of any alternative resource (or portfolio of resources) to replace all or a portion of Navajo GS would occur at the end of a staged transition plan designed to reduce economic disruption. We assume that replacing the federal government's 24.3% share of Navajo GS would be a cooperative responsibility of both the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) and the Central Arizona Water Conservation District (CAWCD).
Hurlbut, D. J.; Haase, S.; Turchi, C. S.; Burman, K.
Optimization Under Various Electricity Tariffs Firestone,Optimization Under Various Electricity Tariffs Table of3 2.1 Electricity Tariff
SECTION 01000�SUMMARY OF WORK PART 1�GENERAL 1.1 SUMMARY The work to be performed under this project consists of providing the labor, equipment, and materials to perform "Buildout and Upgrade of Central Emergency Generator System, Generator 3 and 4 Electrical Installation" for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration at the Dryden Flight Research Center (NASA/DFRC), Edwards, California 93523. All modifications to existing substations and electrical distribution systems are the responsibility of the contractor. It is the contractor�s responsibility to supply a complete and functionally operational system. The work shall be performed in accordance with these specifications and the related drawings. The work of this project is defined by the plans and specifications contained and referenced herein. This work specifically includes but is not limited to the following: Scope of Work - Installation 1. Install all electrical wiring and controls for new generators 3 and 4 to match existing electrical installation for generators 1 and 2 and in accordance with drawings. Contractor shall provide as-built details for electrical installation. 2. Install battery charger systems for new generators 3 and 4 to match existing battery charging equipment and installation for generators 1 and 2. This may require exchange of some battery charger parts already on-hand. Supply power to new battery chargers from panel and breakers as shown on drawings. Utilize existing conduits already routed to generators 3 and 4 to field route the new wiring in the most reasonable way possible. 3. Install electrical wiring for fuel/lube systems for new generators 3 and 4 to match existing installation for generators 1 and 2. Supply power to lube oil heaters and fuel system (day tanks) from panel and breakers as shown on drawings. Utilize existing conduits already routed to generators 3 and 4 to field route the new wiring in the most reasonable way possible. Add any conduits necessary to complete wiring to fuel systems. 4. Install power to new dampers/louvers from panel and breakers as shown on drawings. Wiring shall be similar to installation to existing dampers/louvers. Utilize existing conduits already routed to louver areas to field route the new wiring in the most reasonable way possible. Add any conduits necessary to complete wiring to new dampers/louvers. 5. Install power to jacket water heaters for new generators 3 and 4 from panel and breakers as shown on drawings. Utilize existing conduits already routed to generators 3 and 4 to field route the new wiring in the most reasonable way possible. 6. Install new neutral grounding resistor and associated parts and wiring for new generators 3 and 4 to match existing installation for generators 1 and 2. Grounding resistors will be Government Furnished Equipment (GFE). 7. Install two new switchgear sections, one for generator #3 and one for generator #4, to match existing generator #1 cubicle design and installation and in accordance with drawings and existing parts lists. This switchgear will be provided as GFE. 8. Ground all new switchgear, generators 3 and 4, and any other new equipment to match existing grounding connections for generators 1 and 2, switchgear and other equipment. See drawings for additional details. Grounding grid is already existing. Ensure that all grounding meets National Electrical Code requirements. 9. Cummins DMC control for the generator and switchgear syste
Gary D. Seifert; G. Shawn West; Kurt S. Myers; Jim Moncur
Regulated apparatus for the generation of electrical energy, such as a wind generator
The invention relates to a regulated apparatus for the generation of electrical energy. A wind generator comprises a propeller having fixed blades and a generator connected by a transmission to the propeller and having sets of main and secondary brushes. The hub of the propeller comprises a rotor of an eddy-current brake whose inductor stator is supplied by a current delivered, starting from a certain speed , by the secondary brushes of the generator which are angularly shifted relative to their neutral position.
Kant, M.
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose Coupled With Electricity Generation in a Microbial Fuel Cell
and the exoelectrogen Geobacter sulfurreducens generated electricity, and the power generated using soluble celluloseARTICLE Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose Coupled With Electricity Generation in a Microbial Fuel.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/bit.22015 ABSTRACT: Electricity can be directly generated by bacteria in microbial fuel
TEC as electric generator in an automobile catalytic converter
Modern cars use more and more electric power due to more on-board electric systems, e.g., ABS brakes, active suspension systems, electric windows, chair adjustment systems and electronic engine control systems. One possible energy source for electricity generation is to use the waste heat from the car`s engine, which generally is as much as 80% of the total energy from the combustion of the gasoline. Maybe the best location to tap the excess heat is the Catalytic Converter (Cat) in the exhaust system or perhaps at the exhaust pipes close to the engine. The Cat must be kept within a certain temperature interval. Large amounts of heat are dissipated through the wall of the Cat. A Thermionic Energy Converter (TEC) in coaxial form could conveniently be located around the ceramic cartridge of the Cat. Since the TEC is a rather good heat insulator before it reaches its working temperature the Cat will reach working temperature faster, and the final temperature of it can be controlled better when encapsulated in a concentric TEC arrangement. It is also possible to regulate the temperature of the Cat and the TEC by controlling the electrical load of the TEC. The possible working temperatures of present and future Cats appear very suitable for the new low work function collector TEC, which has been demonstrated to work down to 470 K.
Svensson, R. [Chalmers Univ. of Technology, Goeteborg (Sweden); Holmlid, L. [Univ. of Goeteborg (Sweden). Dept. of Physical Chemistry
Next-generation building energy management systems and implications for electricity markets.
The U.S. national electric grid is facing significant changes due to aggressive federal and state targets to decrease emissions while improving grid efficiency and reliability. Additional challenges include supply/demand imbalances, transmission constraints, and aging infrastructure. A significant number of technologies are emerging under this environment including renewable generation, distributed storage, and energy management systems. In this paper, we claim that predictive energy management systems can play a significant role in achieving federal and state targets. These systems can merge sensor data and predictive statistical models, thereby allowing for a more proactive modulation of building energy usage as external weather and market signals change. A key observation is that these predictive capabilities, coupled with the fast responsiveness of air handling units and storage devices, can enable participation in several markets such as the day-ahead and real-time pricing markets, demand and reserves markets, and ancillary services markets. Participation in these markets has implications for both market prices and reliability and can help balance the integration of intermittent renewable resources. In addition, these emerging predictive energy management systems are inexpensive and easy to deploy, allowing for broad building participation in utility centric programs.
Zavala, V. M.; Thomas, C.; Zimmerman, M.; Ott, A. (Mathematics and Computer Science); (Citizens Utility Board); (BuildingIQ Pty Ltd, Australia); (PJM Interconnection LLC)
2007. Integration of Renewable Resources. Transmissionfor integrating renewable resources on the California ISO-assess the level of renewable resources that can be reliably
Integration of renewable energy into the transport and electricity sectors through V2G
Keywords: V2G Vehicle to grid Energy system analysis Sustainable energy systems Electric vehicle EV for electricity, transport and heat, includes hourly fluctuations in human needs and the environment (wind energy systems allows integration of much higher levels of wind electricity without excess electric
Firestone, Jeremy
Distributional and Efficiency Impacts of Clean and Renewable Energy Standards for Electricity
We examine the efficiency and distributional impacts of greenhouse gas policies directed toward the electricity
Rausch, Sebastian
Balancing Cost and Risk: The Treatment of Renewable Energy in Western Utility Resource Plans
Planning with Renewable Resources. � The Electricity14 4.1 Renewable Resources20 5. Renewable Resource Cost and Performance
Investigation into the potential of energy storage to tackle intermittency in renewable energy generation�
Renewable Energy is by nature intermittent and matching the supply of energy to specific time dependent demand poses huge challenges. Energy storage is a useful tool in handling this temporal disparity, although except ...
Barbour, Edward
Abstract--The deployment of small (generators, heat and electrical storage, efficiency investments,
1 Abstract--The deployment of small (generators, heat and electrical storage-CAM], extended to incorporate electrical storage options. DER-CAM chooses annual energy bill minimizing systems management systems, cogeneration, cooling, cost optimal control, dispersed storage and generation
Guillas, Serge
Electric Power Generation from Co-Produced and Other Oil Field...
Electric Power Generation from Co-Produced and Other Oil Field Fluids Electric Power Generation from Co-Produced and Other Oil Field Fluids Co-produced and low-temperature...
Production and maintenance planning for electricity generators: modeling and application to Indian power systems
Production and maintenance planning for electricity generators: modeling and application to Indian power systems Debabrata Chattopadhyay Department of Management, University of Canterbury, Private Bag describes the development of an optimization model to perform the fuel supply, electricity generation
Dragoti-�?ela, Eranda
Development and Deployment of Generation 3 Plug-In Hybrid Electric...
Deployment of Generation 3 Plug-In Hybrid Electric School Buses Development and Deployment of Generation 3 Plug-In Hybrid Electric School Buses 2011 DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells...
The Renewable Energy Footprint
With the shift toward renewable energy comes the potential for staggering land impacts � many millions of acres may be consumed to meet demand for electricity and fuel over the next 20 years. To conservationists� dismay, the more renewable energy we...
Outka, Uma
Realisable Scenarios for a Future Electricity Supply based 100% on Renewable Energies
over the better wind areas within the whole supply area, connected with the demand centres via HVDC of renewable energy, in particular wind energy, via HVDC (High- Voltage Direct Current) is possible from some of the large-scale distribution and transport of energy with a HVDC overlay grid. Using such a grid on top
Judy Lai, and Vincent Battaglia: �The added economic andMarnay, and Vincent Battaglia: �Plug-in Electric Vehicle
Energy Secretary Ernest Moniz Remarks at Vogtle Electric Generating...
project - the largest in the world -almost 400 megawatts of solar thermal in California renewables. In Virginia, we looked at the STEM education issues, the human...
Adapting On-Site Electrical Generation Platforms for Producer...
Reciprocating Engines (ARES) - Presentation by Caterpillar, Inc., June 2011 Barriers to CHP with Renewable Portfolio Standards, Draft White Paper, September 2007 Combined Heat and...
ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Electricity generation at high ionic strength in microbial fuel
ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Electricity generation at high ionic strength in microbial fuel cell organic matter using elec- trochemically active bacteria as catalysts to generate electrical energy of the most exciting applications of MFCs is their use as benthic unattended generators to power electrical
Sun, Baolin
Do Generation Firms in Restructured Electricity Markets Have Incentives to Support Socially-Efficient Transmission Investments? *
1 Do Generation Firms in Restructured Electricity Markets Have Incentives to Support Socially that generation firms have in restructured electricity markets for supporting long-term transmission investments.S. transmission system is under stress (Abraham, 2002). Growth of electricity demand and new generation capacity
Stirling Engines for Low-Temperature Solar-Thermal-Electric Power Generation
Stirling Engines for Low-Temperature Solar-Thermal- Electric Power Generation Artin Der Minassians-Temperature Solar-Thermal-Electric Power Generation by Artin Der Minassians Karshenasi (Amirkabir University-Temperature Solar-Thermal-Electric Power Generation Copyright c 2007 by Artin Der Minassians #12;1 Abstract Stirling
A Millimeter-Scale Electric Generator Matthew K. Senesky and Seth R. Sanders
A Millimeter-Scale Electric Generator Matthew K. Senesky and Seth R. Sanders Department, construction and testing of an electrical generator intended for interface with a MEMS internal combustion (IC fuels through the use of internal combustion (IC) engines paired with electrical generators (see [4
Ownership Change, Incentives and Plant Efficiency: The Divestiture of U.S. Electric Generation Plants
Ownership Change, Incentives and Plant Efficiency: The Divestiture of U.S. Electric Generation generating plants. Between 1998 and 2001, over 300 electric generating plants in the US, accounting Plants James B. Bushnell and Catherine Wolfram March 2005 Abstract Electric industry restructuring
Sadoulet, Elisabeth
A stochastic framework for uncertainty analysis in electric power transmission systems with wind generation
an electric transmission network with wind power generation and their impact on its reliability. A stochastic disconnections leading to massive network blackout. 1. Introduction Systems of electric power generation, supply of generating units, the transfer of electric power over networks of transmission lines and, finally
Use of Linear Predictive Control for a Solar Electric Generating System
1 Use of Linear Predictive Control for a Solar Electric Generating System Thorsten Stuetzle, Nathan Engineering Drive Madison, WI, 53706, USA ABSTRACT In a Solar Electric Generating System (SEGS A solar electric generating system (SEGS), shown in Figure 1, refers to a class of solar energy systems
Wisconsin at Madison, University of
Under Various Electricity Tariffs Firestone, R. , Creighton,Under Various Electricity Tariffs Table of Contents Table of3 2.1 Electricity Tariff
Electrical motor/generator drive apparatus and method
The present disclosure includes electrical motor/generator drive systems and methods that significantly reduce inverter direct-current (DC) bus ripple currents and thus the volume and cost of a capacitor. The drive methodology is based on a segmented drive system that does not add switches or passive components but involves reconfiguring inverter switches and motor stator winding connections in a way that allows the formation of multiple, independent drive units and the use of simple alternated switching and optimized Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) schemes to eliminate or significantly reduce the capacitor ripple current.
Su, Gui Jia
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) " ,"ClickPipelines AboutDecember 2005 (Thousand9,0, 1997EnvironmentElectricity Generation
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) " ,"ClickPipelines AboutDecember 2005 (Thousand9,0, 1997EnvironmentElectricity GenerationIndustry for
PG&E's Renewable Portfolio Standard & Greenhouse Gas Compliance
PG&E's Renewable Portfolio Standard & Greenhouse Gas Compliance Fong Wan Senior Vice President, Energy Procurement 9/5/13 California Power Markets Symposium #12;1. PG&E Renewable Portfolio Standard 2. AB32 and Greenhouse Gas Legislation Outline #12;PG&E's Electric Generation Portfolio *Note: Other
Geospatial Analysis of Renewable Energy Technical Potential on Tribal Lands
This technical report uses an established geospatial methodology to estimate the technical potential for renewable energy on tribal lands for the purpose of allowing Tribes to prioritize the development of renewable energy resources either for community scale on-tribal land use or for revenue generating electricity sales.
Doris, E.; Lopez, A.; Beckley, D.
Submerged electricity generation plane with marine current-driven motors
An underwater apparatus for generating electric power from ocean currents and deep water tides. A submersible platform including two or more power pods, each having a rotor with fixed-pitch blades, with drivetrains housed in pressure vessels that are connected by a transverse structure providing buoyancy, which can be a wing depressor, hydrofoil, truss, or faired tube. The platform is connected to anchors on the seafloor by forward mooring lines and a vertical mooring line that restricts the depth of the device in the water column. The platform operates using passive, rather than active, depth control. The wing depressor, along with rotor drag loads, ensures the platform seeks the desired operational current velocity. The rotors are directly coupled to a hydraulic pump that drives at least one constant-speed hydraulic-motor generator set and enables hydraulic braking. A fluidic bearing decouples non-torque rotor loads to the main shaft driving the hydraulic pumps.
Dehlsen, James G.P.; Dehlsen, James B.; Fleming, Alexander
Life Cycle analysis data and results for geothermal and other electricity generation technologies
Life cycle analysis (LCA) is an environmental assessment method that quantifies the environmental performance of a product system over its entire lifetime, from cradle to grave. Based on a set of relevant metrics, the method is aptly suited for comparing the environmental performance of competing products systems. This file contains LCA data and results for electric power production including geothermal power. The LCA for electric power has been broken down into two life cycle stages, namely plant and fuel cycles. Relevant metrics include the energy ratio and greenhouse gas (GHG) ratios, where the former is the ratio of system input energy to total lifetime electrical energy out and the latter is the ratio of the sum of all incurred greenhouse gases (in CO2 equivalents) divided by the same energy output. Specific information included herein are material to power (MPR) ratios for a range of power technologies for conventional thermoelectric, renewables (including three geothermal power technologies), and coproduced natural gas/geothermal power. For the geothermal power scenarios, the MPRs include the casing, cement, diesel, and water requirements for drilling wells and topside piping. Also included herein are energy and GHG ratios for plant and fuel cycle stages for the range of considered electricity generating technologies. Some of this information are MPR data extracted directly from the literature or from models (eg. ICARUS � a subset of ASPEN models) and others (energy and GHG ratios) are results calculated using GREET models and MPR data. MPR data for wells included herein were based on the Argonne well materials model and GETEM well count results.
Sullivan, John
DOE Data Explorer [Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)]
ADVANCED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ELECTRICAL GENERATOR Peter Van Blarigan
as an energy carrier today are: 1) to provide a transition strategy from hydrocarbon fuels to a carbonless society and 2) to enable renewable energy sources. The first motivation requires a little discussion while to a renewable, sustainable, carbonless society. However, this requires hydrogen as an energy carrier. 1
Renewable energy-based electricity for rural social and economic development in Ghana
This paper describes a project whose goals include the establishment of a pilot renewable energy-based rural energy services enterprise to serve communities in the Mamprusi East District, focused on: economically productive activities; community services; household non-thermal energy. The program also seeks to establish the technical, economic, financial, institutional, and socio-cultural requirements for sustainability, to demonstrate bankability and financial sustainability, as a pre-investment prelude to commercial growth of such projects, and to establish technical, financial, and service performance standards for private sector rural energy service companies. This project is being implemented now because the government is undergoing structural reform, including privatization of the power sector, there is active foreign capital available for international development, and the government and people are committed to and able to pay for renewable energy services.
Weingart, J.
Treatment of Solar Generation in Electric Utility Resource Planning
Today's utility planners have a different market and economic context than their predecessors, including planning for the growth of renewable energy. State and federal support policies, solar photovoltaic (PV) price declines, and the introduction of new business models for solar PV 'ownership' are leading to increasing interest in solar technologies (especially PV); however, solar introduces myriad new variables into the utility resource planning decision. Most, but not all, utility planners have less experience analyzing solar than conventional generation as part of capacity planning, portfolio evaluation, and resource procurement decisions. To begin to build this knowledge, utility staff expressed interest in one effort: utility exchanges regarding data, methods, challenges, and solutions for incorporating solar in the planning process. Through interviews and a questionnaire, this report aims to begin this exchange of information and capture utility-provided information about: 1) how various utilities approach long-range resource planning; 2) methods and tools utilities use to conduct resource planning; and, 3) how solar technologies are considered in the resource planning process.
Sterling, J.; McLaren, J.; Taylor, M.; Cory, K.
technologies�such�as�diesel,�electric,�hybrid,�and�hydrogen�mode� (e.g. ,� diesel� trains� or� electric� trains). �
Renewable Energy Opportunties at Dugway Proving Ground, Utah
This document provides an overview of renewable resource potential at Dugway Proving Ground, based primarily upon analysis of secondary data sources supplemented with limited on-site evaluations. This effort focuses on grid-connected generation of electricity from renewable energy sources and ground source heat pumps (GSHPs). The effort was funded by the U.S. Army Installation Management Command (IMCOM) as follow-on to the 2005 Department of Defense (DoD) Renewables Assessment.
Orrell, Alice C.; Kora, Angela R.; Russo, Bryan J.; Horner, Jacob A.; Williamson, Jennifer L.; Weimar, Mark R.; Gorrissen, Willy J.; Nesse, Ronald J.; Dixon, Douglas R.
of electricity retail rates or on the private economics ofelectricity rates and hence the customer economics of residential, behind-the-meter PV. We calculate the private
Power marketing and renewable energy
Power marketing refers to wholesale and retail transactions of electric power made by companies other than public power entities and the regulated utilities that own the generation and distribution lines. The growth in power marketing has been a major development in the electric power industry during the last few years, and power marketers are expected to realize even more market opportunities as electric industry deregulation proceeds from wholesale competition to retail competition. This Topical Issues Brief examines the nature of the power marketing business and its relationship with renewable power. The information presented is based on interviews conducted with nine power marketing companies, which accounted for almost 54% of total power sales by power marketers in 1995. These interviews provided information on various viewpoints of power marketers, their experience with renewables, and their respective outlooks for including renewables in their resource portfolios. Some basic differences exist between wholesale and retail competition that should be recognized when discussing power marketing and renewable power. At the wholesale level, the majority of power marketers stress the commodity nature of electricity. The primary criteria for developing resource portfolios are the same as those of their wholesale customers: the cost and reliability of power supplies. At the retail level, electricity may be viewed as a product that includes value-added characteristics or services determined by customer preferences.
Fang, J.M.
Biomass electricity plant allocation through non-linear modeling and mixed integer optimization.
?? Electricity generation from the combustion of biomass feedstocks provides low-carbon energy that is not as geographically constricted as other renewable technologies. This dissertation uses� (more)
Smith, Robert Kennedy
On parallel electric field generation in transversely inhomogeneous plasmas
The generation of parallel electric fields by the propagation of ion cyclotron waves in the plasma with a transverse density inhomogeneity was studied. It was proven that the minimal model required to reproduce the previous kinetic simulation results of E_{||} generation [Tsiklauri et al 2005, Genot et al 2004] is the two-fluid, cold plasma approximation in the linear regime. By considering the numerical solutions it was also shown that the cause of E_{||} generation is the electron and ion flow separation induced by the transverse density inhomogeneity. We also investigate how E_{||} generation is affected by the mass ratio and found that amplitude attained by E_{||} decreases linearly as inverse of the mass ratio m_i/m_e. For realistic mass ratio of m_i/m_e=1836, such empirical scaling law, within a time corresponding to 3 periods of the driving ion cyclotron wave, is producing E_{||}=14 Vm^{-1} for solar coronal parameters. Increase in mass ratio does not have any effect on final parallel (magnetic field aligned) speed attained by electrons. However, parallel ion velocity decreases linearly with inverse of the mass ratio m_i/m_e. These results can be interpreted as following: (i) ion dynamics plays no role in the E_{||} generation; (ii) E_{||} \\propto 1/m_i scaling is caused by the fact that omega_d = 0.3 omega_{ci} \\propto 1/m_i is decreasing with the increase of ion mass, and hence the electron fluid can effectively "short-circuit" (recombine with) the slowly oscillating ions, hence producing smaller E_{||}.
David Tsiklauri
Renewable Energy Standard
Rhode Island's Renewable Energy Standard (RES), established in June 2004, requires the state's retail electricity providers -- including non-regulated power producers and distribution companies --...
Western Renewable Energy Zones (Presentation)
This presentation summarizes recent developments and trends pertaining to competitive renewable energy zones, transmission planning and the integration of renewable generation resources.
Hein, J.
Potential Applications for Nuclear Energy besides Electricity Generation: AREVA Global Perspective of HTR Potential Market
Energy supply is increasingly showing up as a major issue for electricity supply, transportation, settlement, and process heat industrial supply including hydrogen production. Nuclear power is part of the solution. For electricity supply, as exemplified in Finland and France, the EPR brings an immediate answer; HTR could bring another solution in some specific cases. For other supply, mostly heat, the HTR brings a solution inaccessible to conventional nuclear power plants for very high or even high temperature. As fossil fuels costs increase and efforts to avoid generation of Greenhouse gases are implemented, a market for nuclear generated process heat will develop. Following active developments in the 80's, HTR have been put on the back burner up to 5 years ago. Light water reactors are widely dominating the nuclear production field today. However, interest in the HTR technology was renewed in the past few years. Several commercial projects are actively promoted, most of them aiming at electricity production. ANTARES is today AREVA's response to the cogeneration market. It distinguishes itself from other concepts with its indirect cycle design powering a combined cycle power plant. Several reasons support this design choice, one of the most important of which is the design flexibility to adapt readily to combined heat and power applications. From the start, AREVA made the choice of such flexibility with the belief that the HTR market is not so much in competition with LWR in the sole electricity market but in the specific added value market of cogeneration and process heat. In view of the volatility of the costs of fossil fuels, AREVA's choice brings to the large industrial heat applications the fuel cost predictability of nuclear fuel with the efficiency of a high temperature heat source free of greenhouse gases emissions. The ANTARES module produces 600 MWth which can be split into the required process heat, the remaining power drives an adapted prorated electric plant. Depending on the process heat temperature and power needs, up to 80 % of the nuclear heat is converted into useful power. An important feature of the design is the standardization of the heat source, as independent as possible of the process heat application. This should expedite licensing. The essential conditions for success include: 1. Timely adapted licensing process and regulations, codes and standards for such application and design; 2. An industry oriented R and D program to meet the technological challenges making the best use of the international collaboration. Gen IV could be the vector; 3. Identification of an end user (or a consortium of) willing to fund a FOAK. (authors)
Soutworth, Finis; Gauthier, Jean-Claude; Lecomte, Michel [AREVA, 3315 Old Forest Road, Lynchburg, Virginia, 24506 (United States); Carre, Franck [CEA, Saclay (France)
system�planning,�renewable�energy,�smart�grids,�storage�planning�projects�will�become�even�more�critical�as�the�smart�grid�planning� models. � Some� of� these� objectives� are� not� well� defined,� like� smart?grid�
concentrated solar power (CSP), and wind penetrations in theis met by wind, solar PV, concentrating solar power with 6schemes on power prices: The case of wind electricity in
certification procedure for wind turbines as early as 1978electricity from onshore wind turbines between 2003 and 2005from abroad, may own wind turbines in Denmark. At the end of
power�systems. �Electric�Power�Systems�Research,�80(6):627?system�,�Electric�Power�Systems�Research,�20�(1990),�pp. �1?Measurements�,� Electric� Power�Systems�Research,�Vol. �79�
Fast Reactor Subassembly Design Modifications for Increasing Electricity Generation Efficiency
Suggested for Track 7: Advances in Reactor Core Design and In-Core Management _____________________________________________________________________________________ Fast Reactor Subassembly Design Modifications for Increasing Electricity Generation Efficiency R. Wigeland and K. Hamman Idaho National Laboratory Given the ability of fast reactors to effectively transmute the transuranic elements as are present in spent nuclear fuel, fast reactors are being considered as one element of future nuclear power systems to enable continued use and growth of nuclear power by limiting high-level waste generation. However, a key issue for fast reactors is higher electricity cost relative to other forms of nuclear energy generation. The economics of the fast reactor are affected by the amount of electric power that can be produced from a reactor, i.e., the thermal efficiency for electricity generation. The present study is examining the potential for fast reactor subassembly design changes to improve the thermal efficiency by increasing the average coolant outlet temperature without increasing peak temperatures within the subassembly, i.e., to make better use of current technology. Sodium-cooled fast reactors operate at temperatures far below the coolant boiling point, so that the maximum coolant outlet temperature is limited by the acceptable peak temperatures for the reactor fuel and cladding. Fast reactor fuel subassemblies have historically been constructed using a large number of small diameter fuel pins contained within a tube of hexagonal cross-section, or hexcan. Due to this design, there is a larger coolant flow area next to the hexcan wall as compared to flow area in the interior of the subassembly. This results in a higher flow rate near the hexcan wall, overcooling the fuel pins next to the wall, and a non-uniform coolant temperature distribution. It has been recognized for many years that this difference in sodium coolant temperature was detrimental to achieving greater thermal efficiency, since it causes the fuel pins in the center of the subassembly to operate at higher temperatures than those near the hexcan walls, and it is the temperature limit(s) for those fuel pins that limits the average coolant outlet temperature. Fuel subassembly design changes are being investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to quantify the effect that the design changes have on reducing the intra-subassembly coolant flow and temperature distribution. Simulations have been performed for a 19-pin test subassembly geometry using typical fuel pin diameters and wire wrap spacers. The results have shown that it may be possible to increase the average coolant outlet temperature by 20 C or more without changing the peak temperatures within the subassembly. These design changes should also be effective for reactor designs using subassemblies with larger numbers of fuel pins. R. Wigeland, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Mail Stop 3860, Idaho Falls, ID, U.S.A., 83415-3860 email � firstname.lastname@example.com fax (U.S.) � 208-526-2930
R. Wigeland; K. Hamman
A System Dynamics Study of Carbon Cycling and Electricity Generation from Energy Crops
Information Administration analyzed the implications of the bill and found that under such a policy renewable energy will increase, with the strongest response coming from biomass energy. Dedicated energy crops, an electric reliability organization for the western United States, Canada and Mexico. (This and other
Ford, Andrew
Enhancement and Electric Charge-Assisted Tuning of Nonlinear Light Generation in Bipolar Plasmonics
Enhancement and Electric Charge-Assisted Tuning of Nonlinear Light Generation in Bipolar Plasmonics of frequency), termed electric field induced second harmonic-generation (EFISH), has been studied for a long Wei Ding, Liangcheng Zhou, and Stephen Y. Chou* NanoStructure Laboratory, Department of Electrical
Modeling Generator Power Plant Portfolios and Pollution Taxes Electric Power Supply Chain Networks
, natural gas, uranium, and oil), or approximately 40 quadrillion BTU (see Edison Electric Institute (2000Modeling Generator Power Plant Portfolios and Pollution Taxes in Electric Power Supply Chain at the electric power industry with taxes applied according to the type of fuel used by the power generators
Nagurney, Anna
November 21, 2000 PV Lesson Plan 3 PV Array Generating Electricity
November 21, 2000 PV Lesson Plan 3 PV Array Generating Electricity Prepared for the Oregon in Arrays: Solar Cells Generating Electricity Lesson Plan Content: In this lesson, students will learn about electricity. Objectives: Students will learn to use a tool called PV WATTS to calculate the output of PV
Oregon, University of
Science Blog -Bacterium cleans up uranium, generates electricity Create an account
Science Blog - Bacterium cleans up uranium, generates electricity Create an account :: Home electricity Department of Energy-funded researchers have decoded and analyzed the genome of a bacterium with the potential to bioremediate radioactive metals and generate electricity. In an article published
Lovley, Derek
Renewables Portfolio Standards: A Factual Introduction to Experience from the United States
Electric Markets: The Renewables Portfolio Standard. � TheDuckworth. �Can We Afford a Renewables Portfolio Standard? �Consensus on National Renewables Policy: The Renewables
Wiser, R.; Namovicz, C.; Gielecki, M.; Smith, R.
for sup- porting renewable energy growth. 106 The Europeanfa- cilitate renewable energy production growth in the E.U.renewable energy and support renewable electricity's growth.
Electrical Generation for More-Electric Aircraft Using Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
This report examines the potential for Solid-Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) to provide electrical generation on-board commercial aircraft. Unlike a turbine-based auxiliary power unit (APU) a solid oxide fuel cell power unit (SOFCPU) would be more efficient than using the main engine generators to generate electricity and would operate continuously during flight. The focus of this study is on more-electric aircraft which minimize bleed air extraction from the engines and instead use electrical power obtained from generators driven by the main engines to satisfy all major loads. The increased electrical generation increases the potential fuel savings obtainable through more efficient electrical generation using a SOFCPU. However, the weight added to the aircraft by the SOFCPU impacts the main engine fuel consumption which reduces the potential fuel savings. To investigate these relationships the Boeing 787�8 was used as a case study. The potential performance of the SOFCPU was determined by coupling flowsheet modeling using ChemCAD software with a stack performance algorithm. For a given stack operating condition (cell voltage, anode utilization, stack pressure, target cell exit temperature), ChemCAD software was used to determine the cathode air rate to provide stack thermal balance, the heat exchanger duties, the gross power output for a given fuel rate, the parasitic power for the anode recycle blower and net power obtained from (or required by) the compressor/expander. The SOFC is based on the Gen4 Delphi planar SOFC with assumed modifications to tailor it to this application. The size of the stack needed to satisfy the specified condition was assessed using an empirically-based algorithm. The algorithm predicts stack power density based on the pressure, inlet temperature, cell voltage and anode and cathode inlet flows and compositions. The algorithm was developed by enhancing a model for a well-established material set operating at atmospheric pressure to reflect the effect of elevated pressure and to represent the expected enhancement obtained using a promising cell material set which has been tested in button cells but not yet used to produce full-scale stacks. The predictions for the effect of pressure on stack performance were based on literature. As part of this study, additional data were obtained on button cells at elevated pressure to confirm the validity of the predictions. The impact of adding weight to the 787-8 fuel consumption was determined as a function of flight distance using a PianoX model. A conceptual design for a SOFC power system for the Boeing 787 is developed and the weight estimated. The results indicate that the power density of the stacks must increase by at least a factor of 2 to begin saving fuel on the 787 aircraft. However, the conceptual design of the power system may still be useful for other applications which are less weight sensitive.
Whyatt, Greg A.; Chick, Lawrence A.
Renewable energy and telecommunications
Renewable energy and telecommunications Case study: Energy Systems Week When AK Erlang first used fossil fuels and switch to renewable energy sources. But the unlikely convergence of the two fields lay to be able to deal with. "If we integrate renewable energies, such as wind power, in the electricity grid
SWITCH Model Capability Overview Renewable and Appropriate Energy Laboratory http://rael.berkeley.edu/switch November 2012
the investment framework captures aspects of wind and solar variability and mitigation measures the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC): California, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, Utah generation infrastructure Install and operate conventional and renewable generation capacity using projected
RESEARCH ARTICLE The proteome survey of an electricity-generating organ
RESEARCH ARTICLE The proteome survey of an electricity-generating organ (Torpedo californica electric organ) Javad Nazarian1 , Yetrib Hathout1 , Akos Vertes2 and Eric P. Hoffman1 1 Research Center Chondrichthyes. Electric rays have evolved the electric organ, which is similar to the mammalian neuromuscular
Vertes, Akos
Renewable Electricity Generation (Fact Sheet), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary)morphinan antagonist Journal Article: CrystalFG36-08GO18149Speeding accessProposal Title:
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious Rank EERE: AlternativeEnvironment,Institutes and LaunchesRelated Financial
Fuel Cell Power Model Version 2: Startup Guide, System Designs, and Case Studies. Modeling Electricity, Heat, and Hydrogen Generation from Fuel Cell-Based Distributed Energy Systems
This guide helps users get started with the U.S. Department of Energy/National Renewable Energy Laboratory Fuel Cell Power (FCPower) Model Version 2, which is a Microsoft Excel workbook that analyzes the technical and economic aspects of high-temperature fuel cell-based distributed energy systems with the aim of providing consistent, transparent, comparable results. This type of energy system would provide onsite-generated heat and electricity to large end users such as hospitals and office complexes. The hydrogen produced could be used for fueling vehicles or stored for later conversion to electricity.
Steward, D.; Penev, M.; Saur, G.; Becker, W.; Zuboy, J.
Renewable Energy Opportunities at Fort Polk, Louisiana
This document provides an overview of renewable resource potential at Fort Polk, based primarily upon analysis of secondary data sources supplemented with limited on-site evaluations. This effort focuses on grid-connected generation of electricity from renewable energy sources and also on ground source heat pumps for heating and cooling buildings. The effort was funded by the U.S. Army Installation Management Command (IMCOM) as follow-on to the 2005 Department of Defense (DoD) Renewables Assessment. The site visit to Fort Polk took place on February 16, 2010.
Solana, Amy E.; Boyd, Brian K.; Horner, Jacob A.; Gorrissen, Willy J.; Orrell, Alice C.; Weimar, Mark R.; Hand, James R.; Russo, Bryan J.; Williamson, Jennifer L.
Renewable Energy Opportunities at Fort Sill, Oklahoma
This document provides an overview of renewable resource potential at Fort Sill, based primarily upon analysis of secondary data sources supplemented with limited on-site evaluations. This effort focuses on grid-connected generation of electricity from renewable energy sources and on ground source heat pumps for heating and cooling buildings. The effort was funded by the U.S. Army Installation Management Command (IMCOM) as follow-on to the 2005 Department of Defense (DoD) Renewables Assessment. The site visit to Fort Sill took place on June 10, 2010.
Boyd, Brian K.; Hand, James R.; Horner, Jacob A.; Orrell, Alice C.; Russo, Bryan J.; Weimar, Mark R.; Nesse, Ronald J.
Integrating Variable Renewable Energy in Electric Power Markets: Best Practices from International Experience (Fact Sheet)
Many countries--reflecting very different geographies, markets, and power systems--are successfully managing high levels of variable renewable energy (RE) on the grid. Australia (South Australia), Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Spain, and the United States (Colorado and Texas), for example, have effectively integrated variable RE utilizing diverse approaches. Analysis of the results from these case studies reveals a wide range of mechanisms that can be used to accommodate high penetrations of variable RE (e.g., from new market designs to centralized planning). Nevertheless, the myriad approaches collectively suggest that governments can best enable variable RE grid integration by implementing best practices in five areas of intervention: lead public engagement, particularly for new transmission; coordinate and integrate planning; develop rules for market evolution that enable system flexibility; expand access to diverse resources and geographic footprint of operations; and improve system operations.
Performance of solar electric generating systems on the utility grid
The first year of performance of the Solar Electric Generating System I (SEGS I), which has been operating on the Southern California Edison (SCE) grid since December 1984 is discussed. The solar field, comprised of 71,680 m/sup 2/ of Luz parabolic trough line-focus solar collectors, supplies thermal energy at approx. 585/sup 0/F to the thermal storage tank. This energy is then used to generate saturated steam at 550 psia and 477/sup 0/F which passes through an independent natural gas-fired superheater and is brought to 780/sup 0/F superheat. The solar collector assembly (SCA) is the primary building block of this modular system. A single SCA consists of a row of eight parabolic trough collectors, a single drive motor, and a local microprocessor control unit. The basic components of the parabolic trough collector are a mirrored glass reflector, a unique and highly efficient heat collection element, and a tracking/positioning system. The heat collector element contains a stainless steel absorber tube coated with black chrome selective surface and is contained within an evacuated cylindrical glass envelope. The plant has reached the design capacity of 14.7 MW and, on a continuous basis, provides approx. 13.8 MW of net power during the utility's on-peak periods (nominally 12:00 noon to 6:00 p.m. during the summer weekdays and 5:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. during the winter weekdays).
Roland, J.R.
FC: fuel cell with waste heat utilization, ICE: internalcombustion engine with waste heat utilization, ST: solarlimited by generated waste heat -solar radiation / footprint
iREED 2008 Renewable Energies and Eco-Design in Electrical Engineering, 10-11 December 2008 ECO-DESIGN OF ELECTRO-MECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERTERS
iREED 2008 Renewable Energies and Eco-Design in Electrical Engineering, 10-11 December 2008 ECO-DESIGN OF ELECTRO-MECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERTERS: THE CASE OF THE THREE-PHASE SQUIRREL-CAGE INDUCTION MACHINE V-design problematic on the single criterion of energy for electro-mechanical energy converters through the model
Paris-Sud XI, Universit� de
Real-Time Deferrable Load Control: Handling the Uncertainties of Renewable Generation
- ables are not only intermittent but also difficult to predict. For example, wind generation prediction
Low, Steven H.
Models for Impact Assessment of Wind-Based Power Generation on Frequency Control
the impact of different renewable penetration sce- narios on system frequency performance metrics. In order communication and control; new loads, such as plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV); advanced power- gration of new renewable-based electricity generation sources, e.g., wind and solar. Focusing on renewable
Liberzon, Daniel
Generating Electricity with your Steam System: Keys to Long Term Savings
The application of combined heat and power principals to existing plant steam systems can help produce electricity at more than twice efficiency of grid generated electricity. In this way, steam plant managers can realize substantial savings...
Bullock, B.; Downing, A.
Utility/Industry Partnerships Involving Distributed Generation Technologies in Evolving Electricity Markets
in evolving electric markets and will review both current and emerging distributed generation technologies aimed at retail industrial, commercial and residential markets. This paper will draw upon several Electric Power Research Institute�s (EPRI) and member...
Rastler, D. M.
The economic impact of state ordered avoided cost rates for photovoltaic generated electricity
The Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA) of 1978 requires that electric utilities purchase electricity generated by small power producers (QFs) such as photovoltaic systems at rates that will encourage the ...
Bottaro, Drew
Green energy: The implementation and utilization of renewable energy in the United States
Renewable energy has become a viable solution for the United States (US) increasing demand for energy. Often referred to as Green Energy, renewable energy uses the earth`s natural resources to create energy. The wind, sun, water, and the earth`s molten core each offer an attainable form of energy. Hydroelectricity uses running water, wind power uses high speed winds, solar panels collect solar energy as heat, and geothermal energy uses the earth`s molten core to heat water. The Department of Energy classifies Renewable Energy into the following sections: Geothermal Energy, Fuel from Biomass, and Solar Electric. Solar Electric is further subdivided into Solar Thermal Electric, Photovoltaics (Solar Cells), Wind/Windmills, Ocean Thermal Electric and Hydropower/Hydroelectric Dams. Currently, renewable energy provides only 12% of the US electricity supply. Approximately 10% of this is supplied by hydroelectric sources, 1% of this is supplied by hydroelectric sources, 1% is supplied by biomass, and less than 1% is supplied by geothermal, wind and solar combined. Nationally, the generating capacity of renewable energy has increased slightly during the 1990`s. Renewable energy generation contributes to approximately 94 thousand Megawatts of electricity compared to approximately 682 thousand Megawatts of electricity generated from nonrenewables in the year 1996. The continued implementation and utilization of renewable energy in the US are dependent upon several variables. These variables include: the support from Federal and State governments, utility purchase requirements if utility deregulation is passed, and consumer education on the environmental benefits of renewable energy.
Murry, N.L. [Coastal Contractors and Engineers, Inc., West Berlin, NJ (United States)
LBNL-54447. Distributed Generation Dispatch OptimizationA Business Case for On-Site Generation: The BD Biosciencesrelated work. Distributed Generation Dispatch Optimization
Renewable Energy to be Half of Global Generation Increase to 2035: IEA |
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of Inspector GeneralDepartment of Energy fromComments on NBPSitingPresentation Remy:Renewable13423Department of
are difficult to predict. For example, wind generation pre- diction has a root-mean-square error of around 18
WindTurbineGenerator Introduction of the Renewable Micro-Grid Test-Bed
Simulator Wind Turbine: PMSM, 3kW, 8.3A Wind Generator: PMSM, 3kW, 8.3A 3 AC/DC Converter & DC/AC Inverter Wind Turbine: Torque or Speed Control Wind Generator: PQ Control Cubicle #4: Energy Storage Generator #1 3kW, 8.3A Wind Turbine #1 3kW, 8.3A Wind Turbine #2 3kW Wind Generator #2 3kW RS232
Johnson, Eric E.
fuel price forecast Coal prices follow AEO 2007 referencecoal- and natural gas-based electricity generation analyzed here include decreased natural gas prices,
Floating offshore wind farms : demand planning & logistical challenges of electricity generation .
??Floating offshore wind farms are likely to become the next paradigm in electricity generation from wind energy mainly because of the near constant high wind� (more)
Nnadili, Christopher Dozie, 1978-
Quantifying the system balancing cost when wind energy is incorporated into electricity generation system.
??Incorporation of wind energy into the electricity generation system requires a detailed analysis of wind speed in order to minimize system balancing cost and avoid� (more)
Issaeva, Natalia
Solar Electric Generating System II finite element analysis
On June 2, 1992, Landers` earthquake struck the Solar Electric Generating System II, located in Daggett, California. The 30 megawatt power station, operated by the Daggett Leasing Corporation (DLC), suffered substantial damage due to structural failures in the solar farm. These failures consisted of the separation of sliding joints supporting a distribution of parabolic glass mirrors. At separation, the mirrors fell to the ground and broke. It was the desire of the DLC and the Solar Thermal Design Assistance Center (STDAC) of Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) and to redesign these joints so that, in the event of future quakes, costly breakage will be avoided. To accomplish this task, drawings of collector components were developed by the STDAC, from which a detailed finite element computer model of a solar collector was produced. This nonlinear dynamic model, which consisted of over 8,560 degrees of freedom, underwent model reduction to form a low order nonlinear dynamic model containing only 40 degrees of freedom. This model was then used as a design tool to estimate joint dynamics. Using this design tool, joint configurations were modified, and an acceptable joint redesign determined. The results of this analysis showed that the implementation of metal stops welded to support shafts for the purpose of preventing joint separation is a suitable joint redesign. Moreover, it was found that, for quakes of Landers` magnitude, mirror breakage due to enhanced vibration in the trough assembly is unlikely.
Dohner, J.L.; Anderson, J.R.
Radiological characterization of main cooling reservoir bottom sediments at The South Texas Project Electrical Generating Station
The South Texas Project Electrical Generating Station (STPEGS operating license directs that an effective radiological environmental monitoring program be established. Site- specific data should then augment the generation of an accurate dose model...
Blankinship, David Randle
2008 Renewable Energy Data Book
This Renewable Energy Data Book for 2008 provides facts and figures on energy in general, renewable electricity in the United States, global renewable energy development, wind power, solar energy, geothermal power, biopower, hydropower, advanced water power, hydrogen, renewable fuels, and clean energy investments.
AVESTAR Center for Operational Excellence of Electricity Generation Plants
To address industry challenges in attaining operational excellence for electricity generation plants, the U.S. Department of Energy�s (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) has launched a world-class facility for Advanced Virtual Energy Simulation Training and Research (AVESTARTM). This presentation will highlight the AVESTARTM Center simulators, facilities, and comprehensive training, education, and research programs focused on the operation and control of high-efficiency, near-zero-emission electricity generation plants. The AVESTAR Center brings together state-of-the-art, real-time, high-fidelity dynamic simulators with full-scope operator training systems (OTSs) and 3D virtual immersive training systems (ITSs) into an integrated energy plant and control room environment. AVESTAR�s initial offering combines--for the first time--a �gasification with CO2 capture� process simulator with a �combined-cycle� power simulator together in a single OTS/ITS solution for an integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plant with carbon dioxide (CO2) capture. IGCC systems are an attractive technology option for power generation, especially when capturing and storing CO2 is necessary to satisfy emission targets. The AVESTAR training program offers a variety of courses that merge classroom learning, simulator-based OTS learning in a control-room operations environment, and immersive learning in the interactive 3D virtual plant environment or ITS. All of the courses introduce trainees to base-load plant operation, control, startups, and shutdowns. Advanced courses require participants to become familiar with coordinated control, fuel switching, power-demand load shedding, and load following, as well as to problem solve equipment and process malfunctions. Designed to ensure work force development, training is offered for control room and plant field operators, as well as engineers and managers. Such comprehensive simulator-based instruction allows for realistic training without compromising worker, equipment, and environmental safety. It also better prepares operators and engineers to manage the plant closer to economic constraints while minimizing or avoiding the impact of any potentially harmful, wasteful, or inefficient events. The AVESTAR Center is also used to augment graduate and undergraduate engineering education in the areas of process simulation, dynamics, control, and safety. Students and researchers gain hands-on simulator-based training experience and learn how the commercial-scale power plants respond dynamically to changes in manipulated inputs, such as coal feed flow rate and power demand. Students also analyze how the regulatory control system impacts power plant performance and stability. In addition, students practice start-up, shutdown, and malfunction scenarios. The 3D virtual ITSs are used for plant familiarization, walk-through, equipment animations, and safety scenarios. To further leverage the AVESTAR facilities and simulators, NETL and its university partners are pursuing an innovative and collaborative R&D program. In the area of process control, AVESTAR researchers are developing enhanced strategies for regulatory control and coordinated plant-wide control, including gasifier and gas turbine lead, as well as advanced process control using model predictive control (MPC) techniques. Other AVESTAR R&D focus areas include high-fidelity equipment modeling using partial differential equations, dynamic reduced order modeling, optimal sensor placement, 3D virtual plant simulation, and modern grid. NETL and its partners plan to continue building the AVESTAR portfolio of dynamic simulators, immersive training systems, and advanced research capabilities to satisfy industry�s growing need for training and experience with the operation and control of clean energy plants. Future dynamic simulators under development include natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) and supercritical pulverized coal (SCPC) plants with post-combustion CO2 capture. These dynamic simulators are targeted for us
Zitney, Stephen
SmartGridCityTM: Plugging renewables into the
- Wisconsin 3.4 million electricity customers 1.9 million natural gas customers Traditionally regulated #12 response Limited real-time data Reactive outage management system #12;5 How it works: Adding Renewable Widespread distributed generation Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles #12;6 Longer-term hypotheses Can we
Colorado's Prospects for Interstate Commerce in Renewable Power
Colorado has more renewable energy potential than it is ever likely to need for its own in-state electricity consumption. Such abundance may suggest an opportunity for the state to sell renewable power elsewhere, but Colorado faces considerable competition from other western states that may have better resources and easier access to key markets on the West Coast. This report examines factors that will be important to the development of interstate commerce for electricity generated from renewable resources. It examines market fundamentals in a regional context, and then looks at the implications for Colorado.
Hurlbut, D. J.
Method of generating electricity using an endothermic coal gasifier and MHD generator
A system and method of generating electrical power wherein a mixture of carbonaceous material and water is heated to initiate and sustain the endothermic reaction of carbon and water thereby providing a gasified stream containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen and nitrogen and waste streams of hydrogen sulfide and ash. The gasified stream and an ionizing seed material and pressurized air from a preheater go to a burner for producing ionized combustion gases having a temperature of about 5000.degree. to about 6000.degree. F. which are accelerated to a velocity of about 1000 meters per second and passed through an MHD generator to generate DC power and thereafter through a diffuser to reduce the velocity. The gases from the diffuser go to an afterburner and from there in heat exchange relationship with the gasifier to provide heat to sustain the endothermic reaction of carbon and water and with the preheater to preheat the air prior to combustion with the gasified stream. Energy from the afterburner can also be used to energize other parts of the system.
Marchant, David D. (Richland, WA); Lytle, John M. (Richland, WA)
@caltech.edu Steven H. Low California Inst. of Tech. firstname.lastname@example.com ABSTRACT Real-time demand response is potential loads, including electric vehicles and smart appliances, will participate in demand response smart grid, deferrable load control, demand response 1. INTRODUCTION Real-time demand response seeks
Electrically switchable finite energy Airy beams generated by a liquid crystal cell with patterned electrode
Electrically switchable finite energy Airy beams generated by a liquid crystal cell with patterned electrode D. Luo, H.T. Dai, X.W. Sun , H.V. Demir School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Keywords: Diffraction Liquid crystal devices Propagation A pair of electrically switchable finite energy
Demir, Hilmi Volkan
Superconductivity for Electric Systems Program Review LANL Contributions to GE HTS Generator
-section · Develop a heat generation profile => thermal analysis #12;Superconductivity for Electric Systems Program of coolant loop to verify heat due to flow work on helium #12;Superconductivity for Electric Systems Program for Electric Systems Program Review Stationary heat pipe tests were necessary to determine performance impact
EV3 : Traction drives and generators A: Electric machine design and optimization 1
EV3 : Traction drives and generators A: Electric machine design and optimization 1 Influence Electrical Machine Type B. Aslan1 , J. Korecki1 , T. Vigier1 , E. Semail1 email@example.com, korecki according to the electrical angle e (angle between current and back-EMF vector), for different values
utility experience with RTP tariffs is described in 3. Distributed GenerationUtilities Commission, Division of Ratepayer Advocates have also provided support on related work. Distributed Generation
Water Research 39 (2005) 942952 Electricity generation from cysteine in a microbial fuel cell
Water Research 39 (2005) 942�952 Electricity generation from cysteine in a microbial fuel cell Abstract In a microbial fuel cell (MFC), power can be generated from the oxidation of organic matter. Keywords: Bacteria; Biofuel cell; Microbial fuel cell; Electricity; Power output; Shewanella; Fuel cell 1
Water Research 39 (2005) 49614968 Electricity generation from swine wastewater using microbial
Water Research 39 (2005) 49614968 Electricity generation from swine wastewater using microbial September 2005 Abstract Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) represent a new method for treating animal wastewaters indicated that electricity could be generated from swine wastewater containing 83207190 mg/L of soluble
MULTI-WATT ELECTRIC POWER FROM A MICROFABRICATED PERMANENT-MAGNET GENERATOR S. Das1 , D. P. Arnold2 presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of permanent-magnet (PM) generators for use, coupled to a transformer and rectifier, delivers 1.1 W of DC electrical power to a resistive load
Water Research 39 (2005) 16751686 Electricity generation using membrane and salt bridge
Water Research 39 (2005) 16751686 Electricity generation using membrane and salt bridge microbial Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can be used to directly generate electricity from the oxidation of dissolved (Geobacter metallireducens) or a mixed culture (wastewater inoculum). Power output with either inoculum
transmission�vision�for�wind�integration. � www.aep.com/Corporation. �Eastern�wind�integration�and�transmission�a�recent�study�on�wind�integration�(American�Electric�
Electric Power Generation from Coproduced Fluids from Oil and...
oil and gas settings. lowgosnoldcoproducedfluids.pdf More Documents & Publications Fracture Network and Fluid Flow Imaging for EGS Applications from Multi-Dimensional Electrical...
, conduit hydroelectric, digester gas, electrolysis, eligibility, fuel cell, gasification, geothermal, Renewables Portfolio Standard, repowered, retail sales, small hydroelectric, SelfGeneration Incentive
, state properties, photovoltaic, wind, biomass, geothermal, small hydro, storage, distributed renewable distributed generation onsite or small energy systems located close to where
component� (such� as� a� line� transmission,� generator,� or� transformer)� is� out� of� service,� the� power�
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth7-1D: Vegetation ProposedUsingFun withconfinementEtching. |EndecahemeEMSLImaging the Brain
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth7-1D: Vegetation ProposedUsing ZirconiaPolicy and Assistance100 tonusing ARMEvenFlames. |RecentEvolution of
An Electricity-focused Economic Input-output Model: Life-cycle Assessment and Policy Implications of Future Electricity Generation Scenarios
of Future Electricity Generation Scenarios Joe Marriott Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements chains and emission factors for the generation, transmission and distribution portions of the electricity, for electricity and for particular products, results show environmental impacts split up by generation type
Renewable Energy Act (New Mexico)
The purposes of the Renewable Energy Act are to prescribe the amounts of renewable energy resources that public utilities shall include in their electric energy supply portfolios for sales to...
Electrical ship demand modeling for future generation warships
The design of future warships will require increased reliance on accurate prediction of electrical demand as the shipboard consumption continues to rise. Current US Navy policy, codified in design standards, dictates methods ...
Sievenpiper, Bartholomew J. (Bartholomew Jay)
Generation of Dielectrophoretic Force under Uniform Electric Field
Effective dipole moment method has been widely accepted as the de facto technique in predicting the dielectrophoretic force due to the non-uniform electric field. In this method, a finite-particle is modeled as an equivalent ...
Kua, C.H.
27 Table 3. carbon intensity of electric load offset fromconsumption. The carbon intensity of natural gas is 0.052Table 3 summarizes the carbon intensities of various energy
Electric Power Generation Using Geothermal Fluid Coproduced from...
Systems (PWPS), and the United StatesDepartment of Energy will demonstrate that electric power can begenerated from the geothermal heat co-produced when extractingoil and gas from...
AMO FOA Targets Advanced Components for Next-Generation Electric...
power electronics (i.e., wide band gap devices) with high RPM, high power density and energy efficient megawatt (MW) class electric motors in three primary areas: (1) chemical...
Electricity Generation from Synthetic Acid-Mine Drainage (AMD) Water
through removal of metals from solution, but also for producing useful products such as electricity from gases or liquid fuels such as hydrogen or methanol. However, new types of microbial fuel cells
the� computing� needs�for�building�this�smart�grid,� and�using�the�cloud�for�building�the�smart�grid. � 4.1�The�requirements� for� building� successful� smart� electric�
Electric Generating and Transmission Facilities � Emissions Management (Iowa)
This section details responsibilities of the Iowa Utility Board, including the policies for electricity rate-making for the state of Iowa, certification of natural gas providers, and other policies...
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