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Ebates.com pays you to shop online! Earn up to 26% Cash Back every time you shop with a FREE account! In fact, you will get a $5 bonus when you make your first purchase.
Ebates works with 1,700 stores including Sephora, JCPenney, Kohl's, Home Depot, Overstock.com, Groupon, and Walmart, so you are sure to find your favorites.
In addition to Cash Back, Ebates has thousands of great online coupons, free shipping, and special offers from its stores, so you always get the best deal.
Earn up to 26% Cash Back at over 1,700 stores including Sephora, JCPenney, Kohl's, Home Depot, Overstock.com, Groupon, and Walmart.
Activate Cash Back and easily apply coupon codes in a browser made especially for Ebates shoppers.
Access thousands of online coupons, free shipping, and special offers from its stores.
View Ebates top coupons of the week to make sure you get the most savings.
Browse stores that are offering Double Cash Back
Easy access to your favorite stores to make shopping simple.
Search for a product or scan its barcode to find out the best place to buy online after your Cash Back.
Invite your friends to join Ebates directly from the app to Earn $75! 1st Referral = $20, 2nd Referral=$25, 3rd Referral=$30!
Access your Cash Pending, Cash Back History, and Tracking Tickets to see what's coming in your Big Fat Check!
Get notified when you earn Cash Back, Double Cash Back at your favorite stores, and hot coupons.
NOTE: We request for your location to improve the shopping experience on different merchant sites. For example, at Groupon it will show you deals in your city.
What's New
Groupon - Daily Deals, Coupons
Download the Groupon app to start saving on everything you're looking for—from right next door to across the globe. Whether you're shopping for the latest fashion trends, craving a new restaurant in town, or spending work meetings daydreaming about tropical travel, a daily replenishment of deals delivers all the discounts you like.
Every deal is available to use immediately, so you're never more than a few taps away from a relaxing massage, tickets to the night's hottest event, or a chance to eat a whole pizza by yourself.
With the Groupon Android app, you can:
• Buy and redeem Groupon deals directly from your mobile device.
• Track your purchased vouchers by location and expiration date.
• Save ink and avoid traumatic paper cuts by never printing another voucher or clipping another coupon.
And there's more:
• Instantly redeem vouchers for on-demand deals on food, fun, fashion, and wellness.
• Use Groupon Goods to enjoy low prices without settling for bargain products.
• Collect the fanciest hotel shampoos or travel to exotic destinations with Groupon Getaways.
• Get in the spirit of the season shopping fun, themed collections for holidays and events our calendars say are important.
• Share Groupon deals with friends, family, and fiscally responsible robots via social media.
Put down the coupon book and pick up the Groupon Android app—your ticket to explore the best each city has to offer at savings of up to 70% off.
The Coupons App
The Coupons App -Deals features:
* Coupon WIDGET - Real-time coupons and daily deals throughout each day. Shopping has never been easier or more fun when the deals come to you!
* GAS prices - Cheapest gas at local gas stations nearby. Gas pricing updates based on your current location - save money on gas whenever you fill up the car no matter where you are.
* BARCODE scanner - Price comparison shopping tool.
* SHARE Coupon - Text deals & email coupons, Twitter coupons, even coupon sharing onto Facebook!
* VOICE search coupons - Fast, easy and hands-free coupon and product deal searching means it is now even easier to find exactly what you want at the lowest price available.
* SAVE Coupons - Coupon to calendar, one-tap maps navigate you to the nearest venue, phone the nearest location shown in each coupon and much more!
Coupons continuously update throughout each day, it's like a fresh coupon buffet at your fingertips! Place the coupon widget onto your home screen and preview coupons instantly as they become available.
SMS Text coupon & deals - share each deal coupon with any phone. You may even text each coupon to older analog phones without The Coupons App - Deals installed & on other carriers!
Search coupons and local Groupon daily deals while shopping - Coupon & deal searching even while shopping in the store checkout line.
Redeeming coupons from The Coupons App offers is easy! Simply display coupon on your phone to cashier.
- Christmas Holiday Shopping Sales
RetailMeNot Coupons, Discount
People's Voice Webby Winner!
Our award-winning Coupons app makes it easy to save with thousands of deals at your favorite stores and restaurants! Whether you're hungry for food deals or looking for in-store offers while shopping, RetailMeNot finds all the best deals so you don't have to.
Get all the latest and greatest deals:
• Search for the top deals and coupons from over 50,000 retailers like Kohl's, Bed Bath and Beyond, and Macy's
• Enjoy exclusive food offers at thousands of local and nationwide restaurants
• Check out Our Best offers, view coupons Just For You or shop hot Product deals.
• Browse by Categories: Looking for food, clothing or accessories? It's easy to access the offers you need.
• Shop with confidence: We verify thousands of coupons and deals daily.
Access coupons across any device:
• Bookmark your favorite stores.
• Get notified when we find new deals at your favorite stores.
• Save coupons for later.
• Get reminders when your saved coupons are about to expire.
Discover all the great deals near you:
• Nearby map: See all the deals near you in one easy locale!
• Plan ahead: View offers at nearby shopping destinations and malls.
• Save on the go: Get automatic alerts when deals are nearby.
Redeem coupons from your phone:
• Show the coupon's barcode on your phone to save at checkout.
• Share coupons and deals with friends.
• Win great prizes from our contests and sweepstakes.
• Redeem online coupon codes using "drag and drop" functionality.
Ibotta – Cash back Coupons.
We've also got cash back coupons on your favorite brands like Glade, Coca-Cola, Chobani, Kellogg's, General Mills, Nestle, and many more. With hundreds of dollars in savings every week and exclusive rebates at Walmart, Target, and all of your favorite local grocery stores, no app gets you more money back, every time you go shopping, than Ibotta.
And that's not all. Find great deals and Ibotta-only cash back savings at your favorite stores and retailer websites too! From grocery to electronics to clothes and more, ditch the coupons and get paid real cash money just for shopping. Shopping online at Nordstrom, JCPenney, Macy's? Check us out for cash back.
So how's it work? It's simple. Browse the app, unlock your cash back coupons anytime, anywhere, and then send us your receipt after you go shopping. We'll turn that receipt (and your purchases) into cash.
And how do you get that cash? Easy. Save it up and put it directly into your bank account via PayPal or Venmo, or turn it into gift cards at your favorite stores - Best Buy, Starbucks, iTunes, Amazon.com and more.
Need more reasons to start using Ibotta?
◆ Our users have earned over $10 million dollars in the last 6 months!
◆ Selected by Apple as a Best New App
◆ Featured on Buzzfeed, Good Morning America, Forbes & ABC News
We update our cash-back coupons all the time, so keep checking for exclusive offers from your favorite retailers, including: Walmart, Target, Costco, Best Buy, Sephora, Express, Aero, Sports Authority, Kohl's and others.
Why bother with a boring old coupon, discount code, or a promo code when you can get real cash back on your phone? Forget the hassle of cutting our a paper coupon, or clipping online and printing. Instead, we'll get you cash wherever you shop, in-store or online.
And just to make sure you understand everything we have to offer, here are some more details.
Cash in on your favorite beer, wine and spirits brands: Heineken, Dos Equis, Newcastle, mike's hard lemonade, Shock Top, Jack Daniels, Wild Turkey, Predator Wine, Woodchuck Hard Cider and Jagermeister
Save money shopping online at sites like: Amazon.com, Peapod.com, Nordstrom.com, JCPenney.com, Eastbay.com, Footlocker.com, Clarks.com, Panasonic.com, MicrosoftStore.com, Skullcandy.com
Great gifts and healthy & beauty rebates at stores like: The Body Shop, Walmart, Target, Rite Aid, Walgreens. Whole Foods Market, Birchbox.com, Sephora.com, Amazon.com, Shutterfly.com and Tinyprints.com
And groceries! Please don't forget the groceries! Walmart, Target, Kroger, Safeway, Costco, Sam's Club, Publix, Rite Aid, Walgreens, CVS, Dollar General, Family Dollar, Meijer, HEB, Food Lion, Albertsons, and over 100,000 other stores locations.
With all of this great value and savings, it's easy to see why Ibotta is the 16th most used app in the US. We're the shopping app that'll pay you cash whenever, wherever you shop.
Happy Earning!
Coupons & Weekly Ads: Shopular
Shopular is the coupon app that will give you the best coupons and sales you can use right from your phone. The best part? Shopular is a clever app and sales will pop up automatically as soon as you reach the mall! You simply go shopping at your favorite mall and TING, your favorite mall coupons & mall deals will magically pop up on your phone. Shopular brings this magical experience with almost no impact on your battery life. Never shop without a coupon or deal again!
Shopular covers sales for 1000+ malls across the US including most large outlet malls. Mobile coupons and ads are updated daily. Also includes weekly ads and sales of stores like Macy's, Kohl's, Lowe's, Walgreens, Cartwheel and JC Penney!
Our savvy users are raving about their experience with this coupons app.
★★★★★ I am saving so much money with deals and coupons. Best coupon app that makes me the most savvy shopper. I love wanelo for online and this app for in-store shopping
- Michelle from New York
★★★★★ Shopular has absolutely changed the way I save! Best coupon app ever - I never miss a deal.
- Susan from Chicago
• Coupons, sales and weekly ads are hand-picked so they will always work. Redeem coupons right from your phone. No need to print.
• Covers categories from fashion (Macy's), superstores (target cartwheel), drugstores (Walgreens) to kids (gymboree). Save always with coupons
• The interface is simple, smart, and easy to use. All content is curated to your personal favorites
• Covers 1000+ malls including Westfield mall deals, Premium Outlets and more. Mobile deals, coupons and sales pop on your phone the moment you reach the mall
• Sunday circulars and weekly ads with coupons for stores like Kohl's, Lowe's, Macy's, Walgreens, JCPenney and more to help price check.
• Find a coupon for your favorite fashion brands like H&M, Macy's, Payless Shoes and many more!
• Uses the latest in location technology to prevent battery drain.
Go on, shop savvy. Never pay full price. Your friends will all want to know your coupon secret :-)
Extreme Coupon Finder
Checkout 51 - Grocery Coupons
Now available in Quebec!
All you need to do is follow these simple steps:
1. Browse the offers that are updated every Thursday
2. Buy the products from any store
3. Take a photo of your receipt to redeem your offer
4. Earn cash back!
Once your account reaches $20 in savings, we'll mail you a cheque!
This means no more:
- flipping through massive coupon booklets to find good deals
- snipping lots of little coupons
- remembering to take coupons to the store
- arguing with the cashier and holding up the rest of the line
Best of all, you can purchase the products on offer at any grocery store including Walmart, Superstore, No Frills, Sobeys, Costco, Shoppers Drug Mart/Pharmaprix, Safeway, Food Basics, FreshCo., Maxi, Provigo, Metro, Loblaws, Zehrs, Save-On-Foods, Your Independent Grocer, Fortinos, Foodland, Longo's, PriceSmart Foods, Valu-mart, IGA, Dominion, Giant Tiger, Target, Canadian Tire, London Drugs, Whole Foods, Price Chopper, SuperValu, Zellers, Choices Market, Urban Fare, and all the rest!
Check out what others have to say:
- "Say goodbye to clipping coupons" - Global TV
- "App makes couponing easy" - Windsor Star
- "Snap, send, get money — it's new-age couponing" - Vancouver Sun
Here is what our members have to say:
- "Saves us money each week on groceries. Easy to use, love it!" - Shawn A.
- "Works Great! Great savings, no coupon clipping." - B. Lindsay
- "I can't be bothered with actual coupons, but this app makes saving money on everyday purchases easier than ever." - Tyler S.
- "This is so easy -- much easier than couponing and more fun!" - Kathleen F.
- "You have such great selections each week - many times it's products that were already on my grocery list!" - Julia L.
- "Thank you so much for making it possible for us to save. Times are tough and every little bit counts." - Francesca P.
Store Coupons
Coupons, Codes, Deals & Saving
We heard you and support for Canon printers has arrived. HP Envvy customers hang in there, we're working on your printers too!
The Coupons.com savings app makes it a cinch to save with thousands of deals and savings on your favorite brands like
Tide, Bounty, Cheerios, Kraft, Kellogg's, Campbell's, Betty Crocker, M&M's, Perdue, Crest, and Pantene.
Why bother scanning receipts and waiting to get paid? With the Coupons.com app you can print grocery coupons right from your phone, they're valid at ANY retailer and you'll save immediately.
The Coupons.com mobile savings app is how savvy shoppers save on everything from groceries to retail shopping.
Whether you're looking for grocery savings at stores like Safeway, Kroger, Publix, Albertsons, ShopRite, Whole Foods, Meijer or BI-LO, or for in-store offers while shopping at stores like Burlington Coat Factory, Nordstrom, Ralph Lauren, DSW or Payless, our savings experts do the research for you and find the very best savings.
Wonder why you need to print grocery coupons vs scan them from your phone?
We've heard you and we understand printing your grocery coupons (as opposed to simply having them scanned from your phone) is a step you'd like to avoid. We totally get it. At this point, however, consumer packaged goods companies and grocery retailers are the ones who lay down the law, and for security reasons, they will only distribute and accept printable and printed coupons. We hope this will change eventually! When it does, you'll be the first to know.
Download the coupons app now and start saving instantly.
Features you'll love:
• Get grocery and drugstore coupons for your favorite brands and print them out right from your phone. No log-in required!
• Your one-stop shop for savings. Get thousands of mobile coupons, discounts and promo codes for nearly everywhere you shop and take them with you wherever you go.
• Offers are continually being added and refreshed, and we work tirelessly to find you the best online deals as well as top-value coupons for everything you need at the grocery and drug store. Check back for our daily deals.
• Get handy alerts for great offers near you while you're out shopping. Our notifications alert you about offers while you're shopping and send you helpful reminders when deals you've saved are about to expire. You'll never miss a bargain again!
• Tap 'Nearby' to discover offers at stores near you, view them on a map or even view hours and store information. Unlike other apps, no sign in is required to take
advantage of our amazing discount codes and savings offers. We strive to make saving easy for you!
• Our 'Featured' tab will help you find the latest and greatest coupons, hand picked by our savings experts, so you know the best deals before you shop.
• Redeem coupons from your phone, show the in store coupons on your phone to save at checkout.
• Browse thousands of coupon codes for big savings on all your online purchases. Redeem codes with a simple "drag and drop" while checking-out. It's effortless coupon shopping right from your mobile device.
• Easy to use card linked offers allow you to register a credit card and then add amazing offers at popular retailers like Old Navy, Gap and Lord & Taylor with just one tap. You'll receive a confirmation message as soon as you checkout and a credit on your next statement.
Having trouble with the app? Have a suggestion of how we could make it better? We're here to help!
Contact our friendly support team and we'll get you back to saving in a snap: firstname.lastname@example.com
- Load online coupons directly to your Shopper's Card and your shopping list.
- Create an online shopping list that you can update and use any time.
- View Weekly Ads and quickly add Weekly Ad items to your shopping list.
- Access exclusive promotions and save money with personalized offers.
- Refill your Kroger Pharmacy prescriptions directly from your phone or tablet.
- Check your fuel points and view your rewards history.
- Use the store locator to find stores and fuel centers nearby.
Great feedback from customers like you on this mobile app and our other digital services help us improve them and make your shopping experience even better - so thank you! Keep those suggestions coming, and watch for additional enhancements as we roll them out:
- Multiple shopping lists.
- Save items as favorites.
- Save money when you choose items from our Smart Suggest feature.
Thank you for providing your feedback and suggestions. More updates are coming soon. Check kroger.com or Google Play for the latest digital news.
SavingStar - Grocery Coupons
• Save money without the hassle of clipping grocery coupons. Just tap the offers you like!
• Savings bigger than regular grocery coupons. SavingStar offers can be worth $5 or more.
• Who says grocery coupons are for unhealthy products? Save 20% on fresh produce with our Healthy Offer of the Week (bananas, apples, tomatoes and more).
• Get freebies such as pasta, candy bars, tuna fish, sugar, baking soda, and more.
• Cash out to your bank or PayPal account, or to a charity. Stay tuned for gift card payouts coming soon.
• Link deals to your supermarket and drugstore loyalty cards! For select stores, take a picture of your grocery receipt using our app.
• New deals to save on groceries every week at your favorite supermarkets and drugstores like Walmart, Target, Safeway, Albertsons, Kroger, Stop & Shop, CVS, Meijer, ShopRite and 100+ other grocery chains.
Featured in Parents, Wall St. Journal, Time, and more. Join 5 million SavingStar members and start saving today.
SnipSnap Coupon App
Gather up all the coupons you have lying around. Whether they're from the Sunday paper, the mail, or just ones you found buried in your purse or couch, SnipSnap will mobilize them in a matter of minutes. When you get to a store, pull up the coupon barcode, promo code, or photograph and present to the cashier to redeem.
Don't have any coupons handy to scan? Use the Discover screen of the app to see what coupons your friends and family have snipped. You can also snip from or follow our featured coupon bundles, and search our massive database of coupons to find one on demand. Best of all: We'll remind you when you enter a store you have coupons saved for, or when a coupon expiration date is nearing. Aw, snap!
• IN-STORE REMINDERS: When you enter a store, SnipSnap delivers a push notification to remind you what coupons you have saved there.
• SCANS ALL COUPONS: Whether you get coupons from the newspaper, mail, magazines or elsewhere, you can import all of them into the app.
• FOLLOW FRIENDS: Connect to friends from your address book, Facebook, or Twitter accounts. Option to share your couponing activity to Facebook.
• EXPIRATION DATE ALERTS: Get notified when your coupons' expiration dates are approaching.
• STORE SUCCESS RATING: See how successful other users have been in redeeming at your favorite stores.
LOCATION REPORTING: SnipSnap gives you the option to be notified about coupons based on your location. This feature uses a method for reporting location changes in the background. Note that this is only invoked and reported upon a significant location change event -- e.g. moving between two cell towers. As a result it does not typically cause the battery to be drained (unless you are, say, driving all day in the car). Location reporting can be easily disabled via the "Location Notifications" toggle in the Settings screen.
** Works at most retail, restaurant and local businesses. Manufacturer coupons (redeemed at grocery stores) are not supported. **
Coupons 4 Walmart,Walgreens
favorite merchants. With the Coupons 4 Walmart,Walgreens app you can easily save on your next
At couponsservice.com we have compiled the latest printable coupons for Walmart,Walgreens for
your conviniance.
Unbelievable coupon savings at your favorite stores.
Coupons continuously update throughout each day!
This is NOT an official app. All the logos, trademarks and sources are the properties of their
respective owners.The Coupons 4 Walmart,Walgreens APP IS NOT AFFILIATED NOR REPRESENTS Walmart,Walgreens . "
Tap Cash Rewards - Make Money
Tap Cash Rewards is an easy-to-use app that will earn you rewards or real cash rewards! Just open Tap Cash Rewards to download great games/apps/offers, and you can walk away with huge rewards. Three simple steps will load you up with Tap Cash Credits that can be redeemed for Gift Cards and even PayPal cash rewards!
How it works to make money:
•Download and install Tap Cash Rewards on your mobile device.
•Download the latest and hottest games and apps through Tap Cash Rewards.
•Run these free games and apps to complete the offer to earn Credits.
•Use these Credits to redeem rewards or cash rewards.
You could get gift cards from Amazon, PayPal, and even more rewards to come!
Become a VIP to unlock more offers! Verify your Facebook account through mobile phone and bind it with Tap Cash to get it!
How to become a VIP?
•Go to Setting
•Tap "Bind Facebook Account" to bind Facebook Account with Tap Cash Rewards
•Tap "Become a VIP" to verify account through mobile phone
•Restart Tap Cash Rewards and become a VIP
Note: If your Facebook account has been verified through mobile phone, you will become a VIP directly after complete Step 2.
So what are you waiting for? Download Tap Cash Rewards today to unlock more awesome apps and games, and get greater rewards or cash rewards for FREE!
Using Tap Cash Rewards, anyone of you can make money simply by downloading free apps & games at home, bus station etc. ANYWHERE with 3G/4G or Wifi network covered!
Tons of new rewards and offers are lined up on their way to Tap Cash Rewards! If you have any suggestions or help, please feel free to contact us through firstname.lastname@example.com.
Restaurant Coupons
SmartSource Coupons
SmartSource Coupons features include:
• Convenient "clip-free" coupons loaded directly to your shopper card—no more filing and carrying coupons to the store
• Discounts are applied automatically when you use your shopper card at checkout
• New coupons every week!
• Synchronize your cards, clips and savings across multiple iPads and iPhones!
• Discounts on the brands you use most—from the same manufacturers who advertise in SmartSource Magazine
SmartSource Coupons—saving made simple
More from developer
Pushpins Grocery Coupons
Pushpins helps you build & share your grocery list, navigate the grocery store, save with digital coupons & weekly specials, and keep track of your spending.
We would love to hear your feature suggestions! We want to make this better and better. If you call (973-233-4540), email (email@example.com) or tweet (@pushpins) us, we will reply ASAP. Try it… I dare you.
Create grocery lists by searching for the name or scanning the barcode of items in our database of 200K+ products. Set item quantity, price, pack size, and notes.
Sync your lists with family & friends and across all your devices (iOS & Android).
Automatic sorting of your list items by aisle. Arrange the aisles to match your local store.
Clip digital coupons to your store loyalty card to save hundreds of dollars on your groceries.
Currently Available at: D'Agostino, DeCA, Foodtown, Giant Eagle, Harps, Hillers, J&J Foods, Lowes Foods, MainStreet Market, Marsh, Rite Aid, Tops, Shop 'n Save, and ShopRite.
View weekly specials and add them to your list.
Currently available in: 55,000 grocery and drug stores across the country
Discover over 500,000 recipes and add ingredients to your lists.
Scan the barcode of your loyalty cards to store them for easy access at the store.
Star any item for quick access from the bookmarks bar while building your list.
View the full nutrition label and ingredients of the items on your shopping list.
View high quality images of list items so you know exactly what to look for in-store.
Build and access your lists even if you don't have internet access.
View a map and driving directions to your nearby stores.
Keep track of your spend and savings on your weekly shops.
Get notified of changes to your shared shopping lists and coupons that are about to expire.
Share your coupons on Facebook and Twitter.


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i'm just happy to be here.
just tryin' to survive, nothin' to lose but plenty to gain
FRiENDS ONLY JOURNAL. comment & add me to be added. i ♥ bay area rap, celebrity gossip, blunts, & the bay area.
my favorite communities : feelin__myself,over__indulged,dearcouture.
bay area graphic made by : lovelyanarchy ♥
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Ever Wonder What White People Think About White Privilege? Karen Hunter's "White In America" Will Reveal The True Answer
Best-selling author and SiriusXM host Karen Hunter provided some interesting vantage points for the upcoming televised special "White In America," a look into the current state of race…
Bill Cosby Admits To Obtaining Drugs To Give To Women For Sex
Court documents obtained by the Associated Press reveal that Bill Cosby purchased Quaaludes in the 1970s to give to women he intended to have sex…
UPDATED: South Carolina Lawmakers Vote To Remove Confederate Flag From State House Grounds
In a 37-3 vote, the South Carolina Senate decided to remove the Confederate flag from State House grounds.
>> More in Live Well
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text: The After Darkness wiki last edited by jloneblackheart on 11/24/13 12:52PM View full history Star Trek, Vol. 6 picks up right where this year's blockbuster sequel Star Trek Into Darkness leaves off! Captain Kirk and the crew of the Enterprise face a dire new threat rising in the wake of the movie's momentous events!


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Artificial Intelligence Teacher Resources
Find Artificial Intelligence educational ideas and activities
Showing 1 - 20 of 62 resources
New Review Can Robots Be Creative?
What is creativity, anyway? Check out this fascinating video on the potential for creativity from artificial intelligence. The resource provides insight into the world of computer programming and algorithms, while at the same time...
5 mins 9th - 12th Social Studies & History CCSS: Adaptable
Breaking News English: Google's New Car
In this Google's new car worksheet, students read the article, answer true and false questions, complete synonym matching, complete phrase matching, complete a gap fill, answer short answer questions, answer discussion questions, write,...
5th - 10th English Language Arts
New Review Fahrenheit 451: Study Guide
Here's a must-have packet for your curriculum library. If you are interested in Fahrenheit 451, if you are interested in Ray Bradbury, if you are interested in censorship, if you interested in programs that make a difference, then this...
8th - 10th English Language Arts
Selection and Variation in the Egyptian Origami Bird
Using origami paper birds, your biology class will experiment with mutations and natural selection to determine wing position, length, and width. It would be helpful to provide a worksheet to go with the activity that includes a...
9th - 12th Science
A Likely and Unlikely Match: Frida and Diego
Delve into the fascinating relationship between Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera using this resource. Learners discuss the lives of these famous artists, and talk about the ways Frida Kahlo incorporated elements of this tumultuous...
9th - 12th Visual & Performing Arts


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PMR446 Personal Mobile Radio
PMR446 radio information, news, reviews and forum. We also run a PMR446 gateway network using the eQSO system.
click here to
follow the link
if you want to rate
PMR446 Personal Mobile Radio
use this special
rating form
if this link is broken please
let us know
This is
ham and amateur radio internet guide page, it requires frames for proper display.


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Product Information
Melodia Africana II by Ludovico Einaudi - Digital Sheet Music
At a Glance
Melodia Africana II digital sheet music. Contains printable sheet music plus an interactive, downloadable digital sheet music file.
* This product is available worldwide
Arrangement Details
The Arrangement Details Tab gives you detailed information about this particular arrangement of Melodia Africana II - not necessarily the song.
Song Details
The Song Details Tab gives you detailed information about this song, Melodia Africana II.
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"Elegant "final touch" when used with the matching invitation. Happy with design and look. I changed the font to match the address font for a cleaner look."
"The address labels looked so pretty on the envelope. Went to post office and was able to get a pretty stamp. Added a special look to overall envelope."
"This is a very pretty invitation for a Baby shower. Have already received many compliments. Tiny Prints is a great company!!"
"I just moved to Florida so I thought this would be perfect for sending mail home.. and it is! It's a way for me to share Florida with everyone back at home."
"I needed a set of address labels that were still unique but I could put on more serious communications / cards, etc. These are gorgeous but are still muted enough that they aren't drawing too much attention, the font is lovely (I used the suggested) and the print is good quality."


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(Updated 3:29 p.m.) Ava Anderson Non Toxic is Inc.'s 2015 Coolest College Startup, beating 15 other companies in a March Madness-style competition, according to the magazine. more
By Lori Stabile
Consumer confidence declined to a six-week low as Americans took a less favorable view of their finances and the slowdowns at factories and oilfields soured attitudes among men. more
By Shobhana Chandra
The Port of Davisville at Quonset Business Park had its fifth consecutive record-breaking year for automobiles imported by ship in 2014, according to Gov. Gina M. Raimondo. more
By PBN Staff
For more than a decade beginning in 2001, manufacturing jobs left the state and country in droves. But as Rhode Island's economy slowly creeps back and the cost of doing business overseas increases, some of those jobs may be returning. more
By Eli Sherman
Summer Infant, a maker of products for the 0-3 age group, released its earnings report on Thursday, showing an increase in sales, but a loss for the period that ended April 4. more
By PBN Staff
Primary Flow Signal, a designer and manufacturer of flow-metering solutions, has delivered a 96" ASME PTC 19.5, throat-tapped flow nozzle for use within the largest gas turbine validation facility in the world. more
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Providence-based Narragansett Brewing Co. has been around for more than 125 years, yet continues to grow. more
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Adam Lambert Returns to U.S., 'Embarrassed' by Arrest
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Did Adam Lambert get a lump of coal in his stocking?
From the looks of his smile on Sunday, probably not. The 29-year-old "American Idol" runner-up is back in the United States after being arrested Thursday in Helsinki, Finland, according to TMZ.
PHOTOS: 2011's biggest celebrity meltdowns
On Thursday, Lambert tweeted about sharing "X-mas Eve with the Koskinens" and having "a huge traditional Finnish feast [before] opening gifts!" He also uploaded a grinning photo of himself and boyfriend Sauli Koskinen in Santa hats to WhoSay.
Lambert and his reality TV star beau were arrested and jailed Thursday morning for getting into a fight outside a gay bar.
"Jetlag plus Vodka equals blackout," Lambert tweeted. "Us plus blackout equals irrational confusion."
What do "jail, guilty [and] press" equal? "Lesson learned," he wrote.
PHOTOS: The year in Us Weekly!
But Lambert's run-in with the law was no laughing matter. "Violence is not to be taken lightly," he wrote Thursday. "Embarrassed by drunkenness. No punches thrown, no injuries and no charges. Media always exaggerates."
Year in Review: Trouble With the Law 2011
Year in Review: Stars Are Nothing Like Us
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- McDonald's (MCD +0.3%) has been thrashed around a little bit by the investment community as the love affair with Panera Bread, Chipotle, and Buffalo Wild Wings goes on, but Morgan Stanley likes the company's strong history of out-performance.
- The firm upgrades McDonald's to an Overweight rating to go along with a $115 price target. The PT reps 20% upside potential.
- "...MCD is cheap on an absolute and relative basis and offers a better risk/reward profile," notes analyst John Glass.
Morgan Stanley taps old-school McDonald's for a 20% gain
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Comments (9)
I have purchased MCD monthly for the last 25 years, month-in, month-out. As the scapegoat for the industry, MCD can receive its fair share of criticism, but it honestly tries to meet its obligations as the industry leader. It tries to be "green", it offers healthy products that very few people "buy" (water, fruits, oatmeal, salads, lite-versions of sandwiches), it revamps restaurants, it adapts pricing, it supports charities, it constantly tries new products, and it offers employment at legal wages for those who seek this type of work. Can they improve? Absolutely. But no organization of this scale can turn quickly. Patience is warranted.
I agree with you Brady. Pundits complain about mistakes. All I can say is so what. They would complain if McD didn't try new things. They probably are not old enough to remember "Triple Ripple" which was an ice cream cone that didn't sell. Mcd isn't the leader because they never make mistakes. Maybe they will make lemonade out of a lemon. Take McRib for example, it's now a promotional item rolled out every so often. They tried a quarter pound sandwich with lettuce and tomato back in the late 70's similar to the wopper which was a great sandwich, but didn't sell. They tried a steak sandwich back in the early 80's with intent of increasing dinner business. It was an awsome sandwich if you got it right off the grill. It was a flop. What would the pundits say if Chicken McNuggets were a flop? They would say the same thing that they are saying about the chicken wings. Very easy to criticize, but that's all they know how to do. The attitude of McD is, you never fail until you stop trying. The pundits would complain if they did.
I've also been buying Mcd for 42 yrs, and I like the food. Started with it back in 1955. I enjoy watching them keep trying things. Technically it is food, and good food at that. In most cases, it's as good as if not better than what you would buy in a grocery store. So lets see 1955-2014, that's 59 yrs of eating at McD. I am not fat, very healthy, excercise daily, blood pressure of 118/88.
What a pleasure to read favorable comments about MCD. I am so tired of the pseudo-nutritionists who are forever bashing MCD food quality. Truth is with all their quality controls
MCD probably has a lot better food than most of the restaurants they patronize. I would a lot sooner have a hamburger and a milkshake once in a while than the raw fish (sushi) they rave about.
I have not owned MCD as long as bradystreet and it has done well over that time.
Congrats on your disciplined investing!
I have owned MCD many years ago but did not hold for more than a year or 2.
My most recent purchase of MCD was only about 2 and a half years ago at 83.83 since then I have acquired a little over 400 shares. The dividends that I reinvested have very slightly raised my basis since it has paid divi at 99.31, 98.92, 98.75 . For those who practice DRP or just auto reinvest I suggest look at your dividends and decide if it is better for you to take the shares or the cash.
On January 2 of 2013 MCD closed at 90.12 today a little over a year later it closed @ 95.80 giving 6.3% return add in the divi of 3.5% and MCD produced almost 10%. Not a bad return. Looking at how the market did overall and how many stocks produced significantly higher returns the burger and fries don't look so good.
However if you are looking for a place to park your money that will provide some stability with a decent return certainly more than money market and CD, MCD is a winner. I can trade out of MCD if I choose to buy something else at the push of a button.
In comparison with growth stocks I was fortunate enough to buy XLRN at 18 on Nov 6and did just sell some when it went above 40. A few days ago. Doubled my money in a few months! Would I keep my money in XLRN For several years? Probably not. Will I keep my remaining shares now that I recouped my principal and took a little profit as well absolutely! with a stop limit GTC order I will keep moving that limit if the stock continues to climb.
Some people like the disciplined long term approach and it can do well. Some like to trade more often still others like myself do both. MCD is not a stock to be traded but if you look at its past performance holding it over the long term does not look so bad. I don't eat MCD often but every now and then I get a Big Mac and fries attack and it still tastes good!
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Jaine Blackman pulls her socks up to save cash and get better prepared
It's a perennial present-buying puzzle: how do you shop for a shopaholic? Jaine Blackman discovers some gifts that will please even the most fickle fashion fusspots
It's become a party season staple. Jaine Blackman takes a look at the rise of the Christmas jumper
There's nothing like gold, silver and bronze to make a home feel festively warm and cosy. Jaine Blackman reveals how to work metallic magic through Christmas and beyond
Jaine Blackman takes a look at some of the interesting advent calendars on the market this year
Jaine Blackman takes a look at courses on offer to create some festive gifts and goodies
Ed Boyes and Patrick Drake are men on a mission . . . to change the way Oxonians cook and eat.
It's the season for fab eveningwear but which style suits your body shape best? Jaine Blackman sizes up the festive partywear
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For style, fun, bargains - and plenty of festive treats - hit the shops on London's Oxford Street
When it comes to Christmas shopping, there is still nothing quite as thrilling as hitting the West End. And, as Tim Hughes writes, you can take the sting out of the chore, by making a chic day, or weekend, of it
From bold Bauhaus motifs to soft paintbrush prints, fashion is showing off its artistic side. Jaine Blackman takes a look at the trend and talks to an Oxford woman who wants you to wear her art on your sleeve
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It's beginning to look a lot like Christmas . . . well, it was for me last week.
Vale TKD won 18 medals to finish a superb third out of 45 teams at the Welsh Taekwondo Championships in Cardiff.


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Sponsored by UPS KCFC Spring Membership Meeting
KCFC hosted a Spring Membership Meeting and Green Fleets of the Bluegrass Awards Ceremony at the Louisville Zoo on March 17. Coalition members gathered to celebrate and recognize accomplishments from 2014 and display the various alternative fueled vehicles our members utilize throughout the state. Nick D'Andrea from UPS delivered a featured presentation at the meeting detailing the UPS national and international alternative fuel fleet vehicles.See Photos
Transit Authority of River City All Electric Buses in Louisville
TARC's new ZeroBus is a fast-charging, all-electric bus that produces zero emissions. It's a sleek, clean, and quiet way to get around. And with 10 new ZeroBus vehicles in Louisville, our city has one of the largest fleets of this kind in the country. These vehicles are in the spotlight as they travel around downtown, stopping frequently near work sites and popular destinations including concerts, museums, and big-time college sports events.Learn More
Leaders in Alternative Fuel Education Owensboro Community & Technical College
Preparing Vehicle Technicians for Advanced Transportation Fuels is an initiative designed to develop an advanced transportation technology training program at Owensboro Community and Technical College (OCTC). The program will be the first college program in the state and the nation to offer technician training in all of the advanced transportation/alternative fuel vehicle technologies.Learn More
Natural Gas Fleet Operations Lexington-Fayette Urban County Government
Mayor Jim Gray announced the move to natural gas vehicles for Lexington-Fayette Urban County Government fleet operations. Lexington added 11 Waste Management garbage trucks powered by compressed natural gas, and through a partnership with Columbia Gas, now have a local CNG fueling station for the fleet.Learn More
Propane in Kentucky LPG School Buses Coming to KY School Districts
For the first time in Kentucky history, school districts are able to purchase Propane (LPG) powered school buses for student transportation, and districts are jumping at the chance to do so. Leading the pack with 8 is Crittenden, Hardin with 5, Bath with 3, Allen with 2 and Bourbon, Grant and Trimble counties all with 1 propane powered bus.
KCFC NewsSee all news
- U of L Tours Kentuckiana Cleanfuel Natural Gas Refueling Site (6/10/2015)
- KCFC Spring Membership Meeting and Green Fleets of the Bluegrass Awards Ceremony (3/20/2015)
- U of L Conn Center to Hold Renewable Energy Workshop (3/06/2015)
- TARC Launches All-Electric ZeroBus Downtown (1/12/2015)
- KCFC Members Gather for Annual Winter Meeting (12/10/2014)
- Growing the United States Electric Vehicle Market (11/20/2014)
- M & M Cartage and Kentuckiana Cleanfuel Open CNG Fueling Station (11/19/2014)
- HDT Announces Top 50 Green Fleets of 2014 (10/31/2014)
- KCFC Member OCTC Chosen as National School of the Year (10/30/2014)
- M & M Cartage Receives Leadership Award (10/30/2014)
- Honda Scraps the CNG Civic (6/22/2015)
- Tennessee About to Offer Electric Vehicle Rebates (6/05/2015)
- EPA Unveils Controversial Renewable Fuel Proposal (6/02/2015)
- Schools Turn to Propane Buses as Stricter Emissions Standards Loom (5/22/2015)
- UPS Becomes Nation's Largest User of Renewable Natural Gas in Shipping Industry (5/16/2015)
- Lextran and TARC Receive Grants For Proterra Electric Buses (5/05/2015)
- UPS Building Additional 15 CNG Fueling Stations and Increasing CNG Fleet (4/01/2015)
- U.S. Senator Rand Paul to Introduce Fuel Choice and Deregulation Legislation (3/09/2015)
- Ryder to Train All of Its Techs on NGVs (2/18/2015)
- MotorWeek Features M & M Cartage CNG Fleet (12/14/2014)


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Characters: Ratatouille
Voiced by: Patton Oswalt
- Be Yourself: What he ultimately learns by the end of the movie:I'm sick of pretending. I pretend to be a rat for my father, I pretend to be a human for Linguini. I pretend you exist so I have someone to talk to! You only tell me stuff I already know! I know who I am! Why do I need you to tell me? Why do I need to pretend?
- Bratty Half-Pint: He's a rat and can be extremely sneaky. He learns to grow out of it.
- Brown Eyes: Showing his more practical and serious side than his family.
- Bunny-Ears Lawyer: He's an awesome, talented, efficient Supreme Chef. Oh, and he's a rat.
- Cursed with Awesome/Blessed with Suck: What good is being a great chef with refined tastes if A) your Extreme Omnivore family thinks you're just being unnecessarily picky and B) you're more likely to be slaughtered than be allowed into a proper kitchen?
- Deadpan Snarker: Makes quips from his family to Linguini.
- Escape Convenient Boat: Tried twice; only works the second time when he escaping from Skinner.
- Expressive Ears: With his ears, you can tell if he's sad, disappointed, or happy.
- Fat and Skinny: With Émile. He's the Skinny.
- Head Pet: Not really a pet, but he is Linguini's Non-Human Sidekick and is kept under his hat for the most of the film.
- Missing Mom: She was apparently written out of the movie.
- Non-Human Sidekick: Though the "Sidekick" part may be debatable.
- The Nose Knows: Useful for both cooking and sniffing out poison.
- Ridiculously Cute Critter: The first time anyone will want to hug a rat.
- Sibling Yin-Yang: With Émile. He wants to break out of the colony's traditions, but Emile wants to honor them.
- Silent Snarker: When hes around the humans and cant talk.
- The Speechless: When hes around the humans. Around the rats, however, he can talk, and hes got a lot to say.
- Supreme Chef: He's a great cook and longs to go pro.
- Technician vs. Performer: The performer to Colette's technician.
- "Well Done, Son!" Guy: Rémy, who is never quite understood by his father, but despite this, wants to be appreciated by him.
- What Measure Is a Non-Cute?: Lampshaded. Rémy's major struggle is the fact that humans think rats are gross; the movie shows them as just mischievous and self-interested at worst.
- What the Hell, Hero?: Linguini calls Rѐmy out for stealing food from the kitchen.
- You Dirty Rat: Averted. Before Rѐmy handles anything with his front paws, he washes them.
- Also Discussed Trope, early in the movie Emile mocks Rémy for walking on two paws, and he explains that he does it to avoid getting his food dirty.
Alfredo Linguini
Voiced by: Lou Romano
- Adorkable: Clumsy mannerisms? Check. Distracted by Colette? Check. Master of Buffy Speak? You bet.
- Amazon Chaser: When Colette's been assigned the task to teach Linguini, she nails his sleeves to the bench with knives while performing a Badass Boast and telling him who he's dealing with. When finished, she pulls out the knives and walk away. Linguini's response to her behaviour? "Wow!"
- Buffy Speak: "I am not your puppet! And you are not my puppet... controller... guy!" "Appetite is coming and he's going to have a big ego! I mean Ego! He's coming! And he's going to order! Something... from our menu! And we're going to have to cook it!"
- Bunny-Ears Lawyer: Is seen as this In-Universe, since Remy controlling him would look weird to anyone who wouldn't know about it. Then he later reveals that Rèmy is the real mastermind behind his talent.
- Chekhov's Skill: Linguinis roller skating skills, which he uses to become a really fast waiter.
- Cute Clumsy Boy: At least, when he's not on roller-skates.
- Disappeared Dad: The origin of his dad is unknown. It turns out that his father was actually Gusteau, who is dead by the beginning of the film.
- Distracted by the Sexy: Colette, unfortunately for Rѐmy.
- Fiery Red Head: Averted. Though, when he does get angry, he's not that fun to be around. See the first quote under Buffy Speak.
- Heroic Bastard: Gusteau's Bastard, specifically)
- Lethal Chef: His first attempt he tried cooking it made him immediately vomit. The smell almost made Rѐmy throw up.
- Lost Orphaned Royalty: Maybe not in the "royalty" sense, but his father Gusteau is critically famous and has specified Linguini as the next heir to his restaurant, much to Skinner's despair.
- A Man and His Rat: He even calls Rémy, "Little Chef".
- Masculine Girl, Feminine Boy: The Feminine Boy to Colette's Masculine Girl.
- Missing Mom: It is mentioned that she passed away prior to the events of the movie.
- Official Couple: With Colette.
- People Puppets: How Rѐmy controls him.
- Quirky Curls: Red curls to showcase his quirkiness.
- Teacher/Student Romance: Since Colette's been assigned the task to teach him about cooking in a small portion of the film, and that they later become an Official Couple, this qualifies.
- Youthful Freckles: To show how easily excited he can be.
Auguste Gusteau
Voiced by: Brad Garrett
- Big Fun
- Catchphrase: "Anyone can cook."
- Disappeared Dad: Turns out he's the father of Linguini.
- Gratuitous French
- Imaginary Friend/Not-So-Imaginary Friend: Serves as this for Rèmy for most of the film. Which one he is (if either at all) is up to interpretation.
- Maybe Magic, Maybe Mundane: Whether he's supposed to be Rèmy's Imaginary Friend, conscience, Gusteau's actual ghost, or something else entirely isn't clear. Interestingly, the script refers to him as "the Gusteau sprite". Whatever he is, he's somehow capable of physically grabbing Rèmy and yanking him around.
- Posthumous Character: He serves as Rèmy's Imaginary Friend and conscience for the most of the film, and also specified his son Linguini as the next heir to his restaurant.
- Spirit Advisor: Either this or Imaginary Friend. It depends on the audience's interpretation.
- Supreme Chef
- Wide-Eyed Idealist: An optimist by nature, and recognizes that anyone might have an unexpected talent.
Voiced by: Peter Sohn
- Big Eater
- Big Fun
- Big Little Brother: Contrary to popular belief, Emile is Rémys younger brother, not older. During the movie, Emile calls Rémy little brother, but this is simply meant to be Emile teasing Rémy about literally being physically smaller than he is. Tie-in material of the movie actually mentions this trope. In the Guide to Rémys World book, Emile himself even says that he likes hanging out with my little brother (and I mean size, not years).
- Extreme Omnivore: Moreso than any other rat character.
- Fat and Skinny: With Rѐmy. He's the fat one.
- Fear of Thunder: Shows signs of this in the movie, and the book mentioned above outright states that he hates lightning.
- Foolish Sibling, Responsible Sibling: Flip-flopped between the brothers. More often than not, Émile is the Foolish to Rémy's Responsible.
- Nice Guy: He's pretty cheerful and sweet much of the time.
- Sibling Yin-Yang: With Rѐmy.
- Stealth Insult: Gives one to Rémy.Rémy: *trying to get Emile to understand taste* Chew it slowly think only about the taste. See?Emile: Not really.Rémy: Creamy, salty sweet. An oaky nuttiness? You detect that?Emile: *sarcastically* Oh, Im detecting nuttiness.
- You Dirty Rat: Unlike Rѐmy, Émile doesn't wash his hands before eating or cooking. Granted, he doesn't really cook ever, but he eats twice as much, so that makes up for it.
Voiced by: Brian Dennehy
- All There in the Manual: His name is (widely believed to be) never said in the movie, only appearing in the credits and in tie-in merchandise and material of the film.
- However, his name actually IS spoken in the movie. After Rémy has been reunited with his family, during the scene where theyre sitting around a small table, a rat comes up to talk to Django in the lower right-hand corner of the screen. If you listen closely, you can hear the rat say Hey, Django , to which Django replies Hey, boy, whats up?, then the rat proceeds to tell Django something that makes him laugh. Fun fact.
- Badass Dad: Can easily command an entire clan of rats and will leap right into the action himself to help out Rémy if the situation calls for it.
- Big Ol' Eyebrows: The Guide to Rémys World book even mentions this.
- Humans Are Bastards: Hes quite adamant about this.
- Jerk with a Heart of Gold: Gruff and tough when he needs to be, but is actually a pretty jolly guy and clearly loves his boys.
- Large and In Charge: Hes the leader of his colony and is quite huge, second to Git, the lab rat.
- Named After Somebody Famous: Said to be named after Django Reinhardt, the famous gypsy jazz musician, which explains Django's (the rat) fondness for this type of music, and why they snuck a Reinhardt stamp into the Your Friend the Rat short.
- Papa Wolf: Hes very protective of his kids and really doesnt want any harm to befall them at the hands of humans.
- "Well Done, Son!" Guy: Becomes this toward Rémy at the end.
Colette Tatou
Voiced by: Janeane Garofalo
- Badass Boast: Performs one on Linguini when she's been assigned the task to teach him.
- Biker Babe: Rides a stylish motorcycle.
- Cleopatra Nose
- Defrosting the Ice Queen: Starts being harsh towards Linguini, but only so he can succeed. She even becomes a couple with him.
- Determinator: Colette was willing to go through hell to become a top chef.
- Double Standard: Abuse, Female on Male: Colette hits Linguini in the face on several occasions when she is upset with him. He never complains and she is still presented as completely sympathetic throughout the film. See also Slap-Slap-Kiss further down.
- Face Palm: When Ego looks through Gusteaus kitchen after tasting Rémys dish.
- Feminine Women Can Cook: Inverted. Colette makes it clear that it's very difficult for a woman to get into haute cuisine, due to the sexism ingrained in the system, and that the only reason why she managed to become a professional cook was because she was willing to go through hell.
- Gratuitous French
- Hair Color Dissonance: Lighting in certain scenes gives it a violet tint.
- Hot-Blooded: A good example: "Keep your [Linguini] station clean, or I will kill you!"
- Masculine Girl, Feminine Boy: The Masculine Girl to Linguini's Feminine Boy.
- Neat Freak: "Keep your station clean, or I WILL KILL YOU!"
- Official Couple: With Linguini.
- The Smurfette Principle: She's the only woman in the kitchen. She actually brings this up and the reason why when she laid down the law for Linguini.
- She's pretty much the only female character in the entire movie. (Unless you count Posthumous Character Renata Linguini or the female rat at the end of the film).
- Teacher/Student Romance: Since she's been assigned the task to teach Linguini about cooking in a small portion of the film, and that they later become an Official Couple, this qualifies.
- Technician vs. Performer: The technician to Rémy's performer.
- Tsundere: Type A. Colette is harsh and hot blooded, but is also loyal and kind.
- You Go Girl: She was willing to go through hell to get a job in a gourmet kitchen; a place only men are allowed to work. This fact is also Truth in Television.
Voiced by: Ian Holm
- Big Bad: He is Rémy and Linguini's central antagonist.
- Disproportionate Retribution: Threatens to have Linguini drawn and quartered when he catches him cooking his soup. He was obviously exaggerating, but the sentiment is quite real.
- Does This Remind You of Anything?: Skinner is based on the French star comedian Louis de Funès. He also looks a little like Adolph Caesar.
- Dropping the Bombshell: Skinner reveals during a discussion with his lawyer that he is paranoid about the rat, thinking Linguine is trying to psyche him out. Skinner's lawyer notes that he had to take a second sample of Linguine's hair. When Skinner asks why, the lawyer says:Lawyer: The first time, it came back identified as rodent hair.
- Even Evil Has Standards: Despite the fact that he is an evil, selfish schemer, he takes his job as chef seriously. The only time he is willing to serve a substandard meal is when he sees it as absolutely necessary to put Linguine in his place. Too bad it backfires on him.
- French Jerk
- Gratuitous French
- Inspector Javert: Always accuses the rat of being the real chef.
- Large and In Charge: Subverted; Skinner is in charge of a restaurant where all of his employees are about twice his height. Then it's double subverted when you realize that his predecessor was Gusteau, who we could safely assume to have been the largest person in the room.
- Large Ham: He's always prone to dramatic about anything, from his cooking to the rat.
- Meaningful Name: Named after scientist B. F. Skinner, who performed experiments on rats to study animal behaviour.
- The Napoleon: The shortest in the kitchen and the most anger issues.
- Oh, Crap: Both Skinner and the health inspector after barging in the kitchen and seeing all the rats.
- Properly Paranoid: He is right about a rat being a chef.
- Reassignment Backfire: Skinner, trying to get Linguini kicked out of the kitchen, gives him the task of cooking a recipe that Gusteau himself said was a disaster. To his shock, Rémy quickly fixes the recipe to the point where it is so delicious that everyone else in the restaurant wants it, running the cooks ragged to keep up with orders and convincing everyone else in the kitchen that Linguini is a master chef.
- Sanity Slippage: He goes through this throughout the entire movie, to the point he made conspiracy theories of the rat chef. Even his lawyer asks if he should be worried about his client.
Anton Ego
Voiced by: Peter O'Toole
- Ambiguous Disorder: They never said if anything was wrong with Ego, but it's likely that he may have been suffering from depression and had become bitter over the course of time. This all changes when he takes a bite of ratatouille.
- Caustic Critic: Lampshaded to death in his final review.
- Dark Is Not Evil: While he looks like a potential villain, he's just a very harsh critic. He has high expectations, wanting to see at least one restaurant give him an experience to remember.
- Deadpan Snarker: For a good 3/4 of the movie.:Anton Ego: (about the restaurant) "Finally closing, is it? "Servant: "No..."Anton Ego: "More financial trouble?"Servant: "No, it's..."Anton Ego: "...announced a new line of microwave egg rolls, what? Spit it out!"
- Dramatic Drop: He drops his pen when he first tastes Rémys dish.
- The Dreaded: His taste buds are so hard to please that even Gusteau, Rémy's indirect mentor, couldn't do so.
- Final Boss: Satiating his taste buds is Rémy's final real challenge.
- Jerk with a Heart of Gold: After Gusteau's is forced to close, it's heavily implied that he helped front the money to open La Ratatouille, and he's a regular customer there. He's also one of the few people who respects and appreciates Rémy's talent even after finding out that he's a rat; he even sacrificed his job and reputation to give Rémy's cooking the praise it deserves.
- No Celebrities Were Harmed: His appearance was inspired by French actor and director Louis Jouvet. It's also been claimed (though not confirmed) that Ego was based on theater critic Kenneth Tynan, who was close friends with Peter O'Toole in real life.
- Pensieve Flashback: When he takes a bite of ratatouille, he instantly thinks back to his mother making him ratatouille years ago. It's safe to assume that she's the reason why he became a food critic. And all of this is done without a line of dialogue.
- Punch Clock Villain: Perhaps he's overly harsh, but as a critic, it's his job to critique restaurants he doesn't like.
- Reasonable Authority Figure: Even when it's revealed that Rémy was the one who prepared his dish, he was more than willing to dub him the finest chef in France (and keep quiet about the fact that they're breaking the rules about not having rats in a kitchen).
- Secret Keeper: He wrote his review without mentioning that "the genius who works at Chef Gusteau's" is a rat.
- Sesquipedalian Loquaciousness: Especially his ending narrative is incredibly hard to understand as a kid. Then again, he's a critic.
- Spit Take: Subverted; he suddenly stops in the middle of one to he make sure the wine hes drinking is okay to spit out. It apparently isnt.
Voiced by: Will Arnett
- Chekhov's Gag: "I killed a man With this thumb."
- Gratuitous French
- Multiple-Choice Past: Keeps changing his story of how he ended up in jail.
- Mysterious Past: How did Horst wind up in jail?
- Noodle Incident: The exact conditions of why he was placed in prison.
- Once Killed a Man with a Noodle Implement: "I once killed a man with this thumb."


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Tuesday, January 15, 2013 - Similar to last. Very noticeable mouth finish that I don't recognize...oak? vanilla. Almost toasty.? Whatever it is lasts forever.
(see all 17 vintages)
Drink 2011-2018
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Latest content added for UNT Digital Library Collection: UNT Theses and Dissertationshttp://digital.library.unt.edu/explore/collections/UNTETD/browse/?fq=untl_institution:UNT&start=10&fq=untl_decade:1990-19992014-03-26T09:30:20-05:00UNT LibrariesThis is a custom feed for browsing UNT Digital Library Collection: UNT Theses and DissertationsA Political and Macroeconomic Explanation of Public Support for European Integration2014-03-26T09:30:20-05:00http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278919/

This study develops a model of macroeconomic and political determinants of public support for European integration. The research is conducted on pooled cross-sectional time-series data from five European Union member states between 1978 and 1994. The method used in this analysis is a Generalized Least Squares - Autoregressive Moving Average approach. The factors hypothesized to determine a macroeconomic explanation of public support for integration are inflation, unemployment, and economic growth. The effect of the major economic reform in the 1980s, the Single European Act, is hypothesized to act as a positive permanent intervention. The other determinants of public support are the temporary interventions of European Parliament elections and the permanent intervention of the Maastricht Treaty in 1992. These are hypothesized to exert a negative effect. In a fully specified model all variables except economic growth and European Parliament elections demonstrate statistical significance at the 0.10 level or better.
Maelstrom: the Last Coyote Tale2014-03-26T09:30:20-05:00http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278915/

It is a dark future, where corporations have taken the place of governmental bodies, and Earth is a myth, forgotten in the reconstruction after the Second Dark Age. One man--a clone--investigates a murder [that] leads him deep into a spirit quest of his own that will answer the questions of Man's heritage as well as his own identity. This story is a science fiction, but it is similar in structure to a Coyote tale and involves quite a bit of Navajo mythology. The use of Native American imagery is not an attempt to capitalize on another culture, but rather to study the culture and use allegorical elements that transcend many cultures. It must also be noted that non-Native American writers wrote all texts available on the subject. This fact should be taken into consideration by the reader.
A Study of the Anti-Catholic Bias Contained Within Jacob Burckhardt's The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy2014-03-26T09:30:20-05:00http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278957/

This work examines the anti-Catholic bias of Jacob Burckhardt as he employed it in the Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy. A biographical chapter examines his early education in the Lutheran seminary and the influence of his educators at the University of Berlin. The Civilization is examined in three critical areas: Burckhardt's treatment of the popes in his chapter "The State as a Work of Art," the reform tendencies of the Italian humanists which Burckhardt virtually ignored, and the rise of confraternities in Italy. In each instance, Burckhardt demonstrated a clear bias against the Catholic Church. Further study could reveal if this initial bias was perpetuated through later "Burckhardtian" historians.
Personality Correlates of Anorexia Nervosa in a Nonclinical Sample2014-03-26T09:30:20-05:00http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279090/

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between anorexia nervosa and several personality traits. Past research in this area has been contradictory for several reasons. Sociocultural theories have described the media's role in promoting eating disorders by portraying a thin body-type as the ideal. However, they have neglected to describe the personality ideal which our society promotes in women. It is proposed here that anorexics incorporate and oppose this ideal. Therefore, the anorexic personality is one filled with conflict.
An Expert System Approach to the Evaluation of Hypertext Engineering : An Experiment with KnowledgePro and MaxThink's2014-03-26T09:30:20-05:00http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279010/

The purpose of this study is to create the prototype expert system, HEES, and to examine its usability and usefulness in evaluating hypertext software.
Autographs 1928 : Four Songs for Soprano and Chamber Ensemble2014-03-26T09:30:20-05:00http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279054/

Autographs 1928: Four Songs for Soprano and Chamber Ensemble is a composition of approximately 16 minutes' duration and is scored for mezzo-soprano, flute, oboe, clarinet, horn in F, viola, violoncello, one keyboardist (piano and celesta), and two percussionists (marimba, xylophone, chimes, timpani, bass drum, temple blocks, triangle, and slapstick). The work consists of four songs and four readings with texts from Walls's maternal grandmother's autograph book. The composition opens with a reading and alternates between readings and songs. The music is intended to reflect the playful, tender and humorous nature of the lyrics.
Training Condom Use Skills for Sexually Active College Students2014-03-26T09:30:20-05:00http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279011/

Eighty-nine single, sexually active, heterosexual college students (ages 17-24) participated in one of two intervention conditions. Experimental groups were taught skills specific to condom use and sexual communication via a multimedia presentation. Control groups viewed a video on an unrelated topic. Individuals in the experimental conditions were expected to show higher levels of self-efficacy, greater knowledge concerning diseases, and improved attitudes about condoms immediately following the intervention. They were also expected to report safer sexual practices at the one month follow-up. Findings reveal that improved attitude and knowledge scores did not translate into behavioral changes.
The Effect of Giving Class Time for Reading on the Reading Achievement of Fourth Graders and the Effect of Using a Computer-Based Reading Management Program on the Reading Achievement of Fifth Graders2014-03-26T09:30:20-05:00http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279001/

This study investigated the problem that educators have throughout the state of Texas. The problem educators have is that reading scores continue to fall short of state expectations. This study investigated the effectiveness of 90 minutes of class time given for reading to students who use the Electronic Bookshelf Program and the effectiveness of the Electronic Bookshelf Program, which is being sold to school districts throughout the nation. The literature review focused on the effectiveness of independent reading on reading achievement, and the effectiveness of using computer-based reading programs to increase reading achievement.
Effects of Music on Vividness of Movement Imagery2014-03-26T09:30:20-05:00http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278984/

The purpose of the investigation was to determine the effects of music on self reported vividness of movement imagery. Eighty-four undergraduate kinesiology majors (42 males; 42 females) were subjects. Based on identical perceptions of precategorized music (classical and jazz), selected subjects were randomly assigned to one of three music treatment conditions (sedative, stimulative, and control) and administered the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire. A 3 x 2 x 2 (Treatment x Gender x Perspective) ANOVA with repeated measures on the last factor was employed. The results revealed that the two music conditions significantly enhanced the vividness of internal and external imagery perspectives when compared to the no music condition, and that music facilitated the vividness of males and females equally.
Chemical Equilibria in Binary Solvents2014-03-26T09:30:20-05:00http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278936/

Dissertation research involves development of Mobile Order Theory thermodynamic models to mathematically describe and predict the solubility, spectral properties, protonation equilibrium constants and two-phase partitioning behavior of solutes dissolved in binary solvent mixtures of analytical importance. Information gained provide a better understanding of solute-solvent and solvent-solvent interactions at the molecular level, which will facilitate the development of better chemical separation methods based upon both gas-liquid and high-performance liquid chromatography, and better analysis methods based upon complexiometric and spectroscopic methods. Dissertation research emphasizes chemical equilibria in systems containing alcohol cosolvents with the understanding that knowledge gained will be transferable to more environmentally friendly aqueous-organic solvent mixtures.


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I got my spectracal C6, downloaded software & installed it. I am so frustrated cause tge damn key they gave me for the firmware is not the correct one is there any solution to this? Is tgere someone from spectracal on AVS FORUM?
post #2 of 4 Old 03-19-2013, 06:36 PM
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May want to post this in the calibration forum. If this is the same problem I have, you need to copy and paste the license key they gave you. If you try to type it in, it doesn't seem to work. Any little error will throw it off.
post #3 of 4 Old 03-19-2013, 06:49 PM
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Go to the calibration forum and be nice there. Its full or prima donas but they will glady help you if you are nice.
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This job posting is no longer available on Indeed.
Find similar jobs:Financial Service jobs
State Farm Insurance Agent is seeking a career-oriented professional to join their team. As a State Farm team member for Lora Cai - State Farm Agent, you will build and develop customer relationships within the community to promote State Farm financial service products.
Responsibilities:- Develop leads, schedule appointments, identify customer needs, and market appropriate products and services.- Establish client relationships and follow up with customers, as needed.- Provide prompt, accurate, and friendly customer service. Service can include responding to inquiries regarding insurance availability, eligibility, coverages, policy changes, transfers, claim submissions, and billing clarification.
Requirements:- Sales experience (outside sales or inside sales representative, retail sales associate, or telemarketing) preferred- Excellent communication skills - written, verbal and listening- Must speak fluent English, Cantonese/ Mandarin- University degree or College diploma an asset- Possession of LLQP is an asset
We offer a competitive salary benefits, training and an opportunity for personal and professional growth.


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The Top 10 In Action Sports
01Sam Pilgrim vs. The World: The Champion Aiming To Reclaim His Crown In A New Era Of Biking
02Eccentric Adventures Episode 2: Britain's Most Brutal Illegal Event is All About Cheese
03A Journey Into Darkness: We Went Mountain Biking in the Abandoned Mines of Slovenia
04After the Apocalypse: Inside The World's Most Breathtaking Ghost Towns
05Debate: Let's Stop Hating On Parents Who Want To Raise Adventurous Kids
06Guns, Roses, And Eating Insects: Adventure Cycling in Vietnam
07From Intense Trails to Intensive Care: Dicing with Death In a Mountain Biking Paradise
08Lifting The Veil: The Truth About Women's Snowboarding In Iran
09Holy Waters: Kitesurfing Amongst Pilgrims in India
10Cool Runnings: Is Jamaica Mountain Biking's Best Kept Secret?
TTR: Burton Canadian Open 2011 - Halfpipe Finals
A Snowboarding video by WorldSnowboardTour - 10,977 views
The 5Star Burton Canadian Open halfpipe finals went down under the lights tonight in Calgary, Alberta at the Winsport Canada Olympic Park. Japanese rider, Kohei Kudo, and American, Kelly Clark, took home the wins and were rewarded with a large share of the $50,000 USD prize purse and 850 Swatch TTR World Ranking points. Christian Haller (SUI) took third place tonight, which boosted him into the Swatch TTR Tour lead and Slovenian rider, Cilka Sadar, is now sitting in World No. 1 for the women. Kelly kept her upward momentum in the rankings and has moved into TTR World No. 4. Christian, Cilka and Kelly are all in great positions to take a piece of the $200,000 USD TTR prize purse if they can continue their string of good results into the end of the season.


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By Eric
sphere* make_sphere( double radius, double x, double y, double z);
void do_something( /* ... */ ){
// ...
sphere* my_sphere = make_sphere(10,0,0,1);}
class position{// ...public:position( double x, double y, double z);//...};
sphere* make_sphere( position const& p, double radius);
// ...position center( 0,0,1);sphere* my_sphere = make_sphere();}
class nifty_curve_calculator
// ...
nifty_curve_calculator( double convergence_epsilon, double fitol_desired, ...);
By Gregg
I've written my last two blogs about different pitfalls and insight needed in order to properly translate CAD data. I've discussed how "sharing" of geometry inside the data structure is a hidden but much used form of design intent and discussed how geometry forms are inherently linked to high-level algorithms inside the modeler itself. But I haven't discussed the healing operations that the Spatial translators perform in order to properly translate the different CAD formats. If you use our translators you know they exist, and people commonly ask about their purpose and efficacy.
To understand InterOp healing we have to start by borrowing a concept from any undergraduate Data Structure and Algorithms class. Generally, one views a software system as two distinct but highly inter-related concepts: a data structure and an acting set of algorithms or operators. In our case the data structure is a classic Boundary Representation structure (B-rep) which geometrically and topologically models wire, sheet and solid data. An operator is an action on that data, for example, an algorithm to determine if a point is inside the solid or not. But the system's operators are more than just a set of actions. Implicitly, the operators define a set of rules that the structure must obey. Not all the rules are enforced in the structure itself; actually, many can't be. But they exist and it's healing in InterOp that properly conditions the B-rep data to adhere to these rules upon translation.
As always a couple of examples best describe the point. I picked three ACIS rules that are, hopefully, easily understandable.
All 3d edge geometry must be projectable to the surface. Anybody can define a spline based EDGE curve and a surface and write it to SAT. Basically, jot down a bunch of control points, knot vectors, what have you, and put it in a file that obeys SAT format. But in order for it to work properly, geometric rules for edge geometries exist. Specifically, the edge geometry must be projectable to the surface. In short, you can't have this:
There are many reasons in ACIS for this, but primarily if it's not projectable then point-perp operations are not well-behaved. If they're not well behaved finding the correct tolerance (distance between the curve and the surface) is problematic. If one cannot define correct tolerances then water-tightness is not achieved and simple operators, like querying if a point is inside the body, fail.
Edge and Face geometry cannot be self-intersecting. A great deal of solid modeling algorithms work by firing rays and analyzing intersections with different edge and face geometries. In order for any conclusion to be drawn, the results of the intersection must be quantifiable. The problem with self intersecting geometries is just that; how to you quantify the results in Figure 3? The key observation here; imagine you are walking along the curve in Figure 3, starting from the left side. At the start, the material is on the right side, but after the self intersection the material changes to the left side. You cross the self intersection again and the material switches to the right again. This causes endless grief in understanding the results of an intersection.
Tolerances of Vertices cannot entirely consume neighboring edges. For a B-rep model to be considered water-tight, tolerances of faces and edges must be understood. Today many kernels have global tolerances plus optional tolerances applied to edge curves and vertices. These tolerances vary depending on neighboring conditions, usually obeying some upper bound. You can think of these tolerances as the "caulking" that keeps the model water-tight. Depending on the quality of the geometry or the tolerances of the originating modeling system you might need more "caulking" or less; respectively, larger tolerances on edges or vertices, or smaller tolerances. However in order to realize a robust Boolean engine, again, rules apply. Consider this:
Above we have Edge Curve 2 encapsulated completely inside the gray tolerant vertex. Again, I can easily write this configuration to SAT format, however Booleans cannot process it. It yields horrific ambiguity when building the intersection graphs in the internal stages of Booleans.
So this is a list of just three rules, it's far from being comprehensive. But the main point: we know that not everything that ends up in an IGES file comes from a mathematically rigorous surfacing or solid modeling engine. Perhaps people are translating their home-grown data into a system like ACIS so they can perform operations that they could not in their originating system. But in order to perform these operations, the data must conform to the rules of the system. To simply marshal the data and obey a file format, but disregard the rules, is doing just half the job.
That's why healing matters.
By Guest
Today, I'm going to discuss how we've been using Application Driven Development (AppDD) principles in our work on CGM.
You might have noticed this really cool picture in Stefanie's last post. It's really cool because it was the result of our work on the CGM componentization team over the past couple of months – putting dimensional metrology support into our demo application C3D Toolkit. And the other cool part is that we used AppDD to drive the project.
First, some background. A few years back we started getting requests for the ability to work with large sets of points (point clouds) from our dimensional metrology customers. So for the past few years we have been incrementally expanding our support for point clouds in our product line.
A primary workflow in dimensional metrology is to measure a cloud of points on the surface of a manufactured part and compare those measurements to a CAD model representing the desired geometry.
To do this, the following high-level operations are required:
Operation #1
Operation #2
Operation #3
Over the course of several projects, we had incorporated API functions into ACIS to provide these services. During these projects we worked closely with target customers who were incorporating these functions into their applications, so we were intentionally very focused on the individual functions. The last project of this sequence was to port this point cloud functionality into CGM – I'll call this version "Phase 1".
The opportunity to do AppDD came up a couple of months ago when Ray, our PM, told us that he needed a C3D Toolkit demonstration script for the CONTROL show. The idea was to show how CGM's point cloud functionality could support dimensional metrology workflows.
C3D Toolkit is our recently-introduced JavaScript-based demo application that we're using to showcase CGM. I'll talk more about C3D Toolkit in another post; the important thing to know is that the one of its goals is to give us a platform to perform AppDD. The extensions that we write in C3D Toolkit are very high-level; the intent is that the functionality that might appear behind a GUI button in a customer application should correspond to a single C3D Toolkit extension.
Our first step in the AppDD process was to get a 'storyboard' from Ray of the entire workflow(s) that he wanted to show. This turned out to be a 1 page e-mail describing the steps of the demo.
Our next step was to generate proposed demo scripts. One of our team went off and wrote a straw man of what he thought the actual javascript code for the demo should be. Then, in the spirit of teamwork, we all gathered around a pairing station and criticized his straw man :) In particular, we had to decide exactly what the return value was for each call to a JS extension, and what the screen would be showing at each stage. And this is where we saw the true value of AppDD take hold – when we started thinking about highlighting a set of garbage points that we'd selected for removal.
When we originally estimated the project, we thought it would probably take a single two-week iteration, because the hard algorithmic work had already been done in Phase 1. What we hadn't realized is that we would need a new "part management" layer in the application to manage e.g. the bookkeeping associated with assigning different colors to different parts of the cloud in a point cloud document. Our focus on storyboarding the entire demo first caused us to notice this mistake up front, while we had time to adjust our estimates. It also allowed us to rough out the design up front, rather than generating a lot of code and architecture churn as we incrementally discovered unanticipated workflow requirements.
Only after we understood the demo scripts (which also functioned as acceptance tests) did we actually start coding the functionality behind them. A week before our deadline we were able to demo the bulk of the scripts to Ray, who gave us some course corrections that we incorporated. In the mean time, Ray had also been busy. Since we were trying to mimic a real customer process as closely as possible, we wanted to work with real scan data of a real part manufactured from a real CAD model. So Ray decided on a CAD model to use in the demo, and sent it out (after introducing a distortion for us to detect) to a service provider who manufactured it with a 3D printer and then scanned the resulting part. Stef's really cool picture is the result of running our demo on this data, with color coding based on whether the measured points are within tolerance of the model.
We're told that the demo went off very well at the show; people especially liked the ability to hold the actual part in their hands and compare it to the scan results on the screen. An important take away from the project is that the core functionality that we had already written (registration and point-body distance) worked "out of the box" – it was the support infrastructure for managing point clouds in an application document that we spent most of our time on. This validated for us the idea that AppDD helps to ensure a complete interface for customers. Now that we've identified (and have working code for) a new layer of functionality that many of our customers will need, we have an opportunity to move it into our point cloud product.
The full demo on this part can be seen in Gregg's webinar on C3D Toolkit and CGM – it starts at the 30 minute mark and runs about 10 minutes (but you should feel free to watch the whole thing :). One thing to look for: the scan of our part actually did have some garbage points that he removes as a first step. If we hadn't already thought of the cleanup requirement when designing the demo, we would have discovered it here because we used a real scan (rather than manufacturing test data).
By Stefanie
Two weeks ago, Spatial hosted a booth at the CONTROL Exhibition in Stuttgart, Germany. I hate to follow John's recent post with another one about a trade show, but this one is worth discussing - let's just call it "Interesting Shows - part 2."
All that these devices do is measure points in space
By jeff
In my previous post I discussed the various multiprocessing technologies at my disposal. These are: OpenMP, MPI, PPL (Microsoft Concurrency Runtime), the ACIS thread manager, and the CGM multiprocessing infrastructure. As it turns out, I overlooked a completely relevant technology, the GPU. I would like to correct this oversight and pass along my experiences in adapting the primality algorithm used in the previous discussion to run on a GPU. (Look here for a brief introduction to GPU computing)
I'm working remotely at the moment and decided to avoid the potential headaches associated with accessing a video card through a remote desktop connection by simply using my laptop computer for this exercise. It does after all have a decent video card, an NVIDIA Quadro 1000M with 96 cores and 2GB of RAM. In analyzing compatible development tools for my video card, I chose CUDA, which is a parallel computing platform and programming model invented by NVIDIA. (Look here for a brief introduction to CUDA)
I downloaded and installed the latest CUDA Toolkit (version 4.1), associated video driver, and example codes from NVIDIA. Then I went through the documentation and a few sample programs to get a feel for the task at hand. I quickly identified several aspects of GPU programming that were different from what I was used to, namely how jobs are presented to the GPU, how they are broken down into tasks to fit the available hardware, and how the tasks are computed.
Jobs are computed on the GPU using what is called a kernel launch. A job is typically made up of many tasks. In our example, the job is to "find all prime numbers between one and one hundred million". This can be broken down into one hundred million tasks in which each calculates the primality of one single number. The kernel to launch is essentially a function with arguments that gets called for each task. It determines its index through variables made available by the CUDA architecture (discussed later), then performs the operation on the input data taken from the index location in the input array, and stores the results again using the index into the output array.
This is a classic Single-Instruction-Multiple-Data (SIMD) processing architecture, where each processor is mapped to a unique index and executes the exact same set of instructions on the corresponding input data - on all processors - at the same time. In our example, the input data is an array containing all the numbers between one and one hundred million. We hand this array to the GPU as an argument to the kernel function and it calculates the primality of each element in the array, overwriting the corresponding array data with the results of the computations, in this case either true or false.
Calculating the unique index in each task is not as straightforward as you might think. In CUDA, a job is broken down into a multidimensional grid of blocks, where the number of tasks is equal to the number of blocks in the grid times the number of threads in a block. These values, the number of blocks and the number of threads per block, are specified when the kernel function is launched. Corresponding variables are available in the kernel function to compute the current index based on these values.
Calculating an index might look something like this:
index = blockIdx * blockDim + threadIdx;
Where blockIdx is the current block index within the grid, blockDim is the number of threads in the block, and threadIdx is the current thread index within the block. To make things a bit more flexible (complex), the grid size and block size can be specified in multiple dimensions. This is necessary to overcome limitations that would otherwise severely restrict the number of tasks that can be performed in any single kernel launch.
For practical purposes there is an upper limit to the number of threads available at any given time. In CUDA this translates into the maximum number of threads that can be used in any block, which on my system is 1024. Because of this, we would need roughly one-hundred-thousand blocks to accommodate the target number of inputs in our example - in one launch. Unfortunately, there is also an upper limit to the number of blocks, which on my system is 65535. To overcome this limitation, CUDA provides a multi-dimensional grid of blocks. My system supports a grid of 65535 x 65535 x 65535 blocks, each with 1024 threads. That's a large number of indices available for any one operation.
Next come the input and output arrays, which in our example is one and the same. Allocating the array of input values is simple in native code (referred to as the host in CUDA speak), and as it turns out is simple with CUDA as well. It's accomplished with cudaMalloc and cudaFree, which allocates and frees memory on the device respectively. The typical approach is to allocate identical arrays on both the host and device and use cudaMemcpy to transfer the contents back and forth.
Here is where my respect for resources causes me to deviate from my original plan. Since even numbers are never prime (except 2) we can cut the array size in half and only consider odd numbers. This changes things quite a bit however, from the size of the input/output array to the adjustment of the index value, to the number of operations that are actually performed. Nonetheless, I am willing to extend this courtesy to the GPU for optimizations sake, even though it's cheating a bit.
So now I have a program that allocates and initializes an array on both the host and device, copies it, then launches a kernel with appropriate grid and block dimensions, copies the array data back to the host, validates the results, and finally frees memory. The kernel function calculates the corresponding index, loads the input value, tests for primality, and writes the result back to the array.
When testing the code I naturally began with smaller ranges of inputs, to make sure everything was working as expected. I got a big surprise when I finally ran with the target range of one hundred million. The program failed! As it turns out, the Windows operating system terminates operations on the video device that take longer than a few seconds. This is known behavior called Timeout Detection and Recovery (TDR). I could have fiddled with registry settings to disable TDR but instead decided to simply restructure the program to have multiple kernel launches.
From experimentation I found it safe to process one million inputs at a time. So all I had to do was to launch the kernel from within a loop, passing the current iteration to the kernel function, and adjusting the index accordingly. That's it. I now have a complete and working program.
View Main Function
View Kernel Function
The performance was the next big surprise. The serial run on my laptop took 109 seconds, using OpenMP and four processors it was reduced to 27 seconds, and in comparison the GPU run took 53 seconds. This was unexpected at first, given that we have 96 processors available, until I realized that the tasks are very unbalanced. Determining primality is quick in some cases and may take a long time in others, especially when the number is large and prime.
The drawback with tasks of varying complexity for the GPU is that each operation, with whatever chunk of inputs is ultimately scheduled, will take as long as the most complex task. My video card has 96 processors, which makes me suspect that the inputs are processed in chunks of 96. If calculating primality is mostly simple, then most processors will sit idle while a few are working on complex cases. In contrast, independent processors are seldom idle because they can simply move on to the next task.
As an experiment, l wanted to test the capabilities of my GPU with a more balanced task complexity. So I picked a very large prime number to use for every task, and modified the job to compute the same task one million times. The serial operation took 22.2 seconds, the OpenMP version took 5.6, and the GPU version took 1.5 seconds. Now that is the result I was hoping to see.
The GPU certainly has a place in the multiprocessing arena, but I think it can be very challenging to find applicable operations. For many years now we have been analyzing the performance of ACIS, and to date have never found a situation that would be best serviced by the GPU. I do think however, that many applications exist that can benefit greatly by utilizing the GPU. I'm sure it's the right tool for some problems.
I would like to hear if anyone has found a good use for the GPU . . .?
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