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The invention relates to a printing device for electrophoretic recording by means of electrodes which are relatively movable with respect to an image carrier. Between the image carrier and electrodes, a liquid developer fluid is present in which the electrodes are immersed. Recording takes place under the influence of a control voltage (UST) causing adherence of electrophoretic pigment to the image carrier. In order to enable point-like (matrix-like) recording, the surface of the image carrier is electrically conductive and the developer fluid at the area of the electrodes is continuously exchanged to maintain the electrophoretic pigment supply.
1. A printing device using electrophoretic recording comprising:
a movable image carrier having an electrically conductive surface,
at least one electrode relatively movable with respect to said image carrier and separated by distance a from said image carrier,
means for continuously supplying developer fluid containing electrophoretic pigment particles to a depth h greater than said distance a on said image carrier at least adjacent to said electrode for wetting said at least one electrode,
means for applying an electric field between said image carrier and said at least one electrode, and
means for removing depleted developer fluid from said image carrier.
2. A printing device according to claim 1, wherein said means for supplying developer fluid on said image carrier includes a jet nozzle arranged adjacent to said at least one electrode.
3. A printing device according to claim 2, wherein said means for removing depleted developer fluid is located adjacent to said at least one electrode but opposite from said jet nozzle.
4. A printing device according to claim 3, wherein said means for removing depleted developer fluid includes a further jet nozzle located on an opposite side of said at least one electrode from said first jet nozzle, and wherein a carrier fluid for removing residual films of said developer fluid is applied to said image carrier through said further jet nozzle.
5. A printing device according to claim 4, wherein said electrophoretic pigment particles have a high electric charge.
6. A printing device according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of said jet nozzles are arranged one beside the other adjacent to each of said at least one electrode, each of said plurality of jet nozzles applying said developer fluid with a specific color pigment.
7. A printing device according to claim 6, wherein three of said jet nozzles are arranged with each jet nozzle passing respectively pigment of the colors yellow, cyan, and magenta.
8. A printing device according to claim 2, wherein said image carrier is on a surface of a rotating drum, and wherein for each color of said developer fluid a respective one of said jet nozzle is provided in association with a respective one of said at least one electrode on a holder which is journalled parallel to an axis of rotation of said drum and separated from the drum surface.
9. A printing device according to claim 8, wherein after deposition of pigments of all colors on said image carrier, a complete multicolor image is transferred to a record carrier from said image carrier acting as an intermediate carrier.
10. A printing device according to claim 3, wherein said means for removing depleted developer fluid includes a chamber for suction of depleted developer fluid from said image carrier.
11. A printing device according to claim 10, wherein a plurality of jet nozzles are arranged with each of said at least one electrode together with associated ones of said suction devices to form a color recording set (FAS) of a first kind.
12. A printing device according to claim 10, wherein each of said at least one electrode is associated with a jet nozzle for providing a color suspension and a suction device for removing said color suspension with the number of such combinations corresponding to the number of colors to be recorded, thereby forming a color recording set of the second kind.
13. A printing device according to claim 12, wherein all said jet nozzles, suction devices, and electrodes are formed in triplets each situated adjacently to one another at the same distance on a holder which is parallel to the image carrier.
14. A printing device according to claim 2, wherein said at least one electrode is funnel shaped with a funnel opening for removal of said depleted developer fluid from said image carrier.
15. A printing device according to claim 1, wherein said means for removing depleted developer fluid includes a fan having an airflow directed onto said image carrier.
The invention relates to a printing device for electrophorectic recording, comprising at least one electrode which is movable relatively with respect to an image carrier and a developer liquid which contains pigment, contacts the image carrier and wets the electrode, and structure for applying an electric field between electrode and image carrier, recording being realized by adherence of the pigment to the image carrier by mirror charging.
Such printing devices are known, for example from German Offenlegungsschrift No. 27 27 261. This known device concerns a copying apparatus in which the image of an original document inserted into the apparatus is optically imaged on a photoconductor matrix of a flat transformation plate. As a result, a voltage pattern which corresponds to the image is generated on an electrode matrix which is situated on the other side of the plate and which is connected to the photoconductor layer acting as a voltage divider. Thus, a grey scale image which corresponds to the original image is electrophoretically formed on a dielectric image carrier by deposition of charged pigment from a liquid developer film present between the electrode matrix of the plate and the image carrier.
This known method has a number of drawbacks. First of all, the maximum achievable optical density of the image formed is limited by the layer capacitance of the dielectric image carrier. Moreover, the ions charged in the same sense which are present in the liquid developer do not make a contribution to the density, but instead reduce the pigment deposition by a substantial amount. The layer capacitance, moreover, determines the deposition rate. The layer capacitances required to achieve a substantial density imply a long recording time. Conversely, short recording times can be realized only by way of low layer capacitances. Furthermore, it then has to be accepted that the density which can be achieved is lower. For image recording with adequate density, the use of dielectric image carriers necessitates the use of liquid developers in which pigment of low charge is suspended. This causes a further reduction of the speed of deposition, i.e. of recording.
A further drawback arises in that during the image recording, deposition of pigment and ions in the electric field evolving from each electrode causes spatial charging of the layer capacitance of the image carrier. Consequently, when the charging increases, the pigment particles which are yet to be deposited are driven to image point zones which are situated ever further. The resultant resolution is less than that dictated by the geometry of the electrode matrix.
Printing devices utilizing an electrostatic recording method for the point-wise formation of images are known to use separate electrodes or electrode combs which are moved relatively with respect to the image carrier. Therefore, the use of such electrodes with a relative movement between image carrier and electrodes is also feasible for electrophoretic recording. The space between the electrode or the electrode comb and the image carrier should then be filled with liquid developer containing pigment and during the relative movement, control signals should be applied to the electrode device as necessary (see also German Offenlegungsschrift No. 21 47 536).
When a printing device thus formed is used for point-wise image formation, most of the liquid developer whose toner content has decreased accordingly in the electric field of an electrode during the formation of an image point is dragged along during the further movement until the recording of the next image point. As a result, the recording of this image point is not tonally correct. The undesirable displacement of the liquid developer depleted due to the recording is caused by the flat geometry of the electrode device and by the necessarily small dimensions (approximately 100 μm) of the gap filled with developer.
This is applicable to series recording (separate electrode) as well as to parallel recording (electrode comb).
It is an object of the invention to provide an electrophoretic printing device which enables the pointwise electrophoretic image formation by means of the control signals applied to the pin electrode device which is moved relatively with respect to the image carrier to be performed faster, with a higher achievable density, with more exact halftone reproduction, and with a higher resolution.
To this end, the device in accordance with the invention is characterized in that the surface of the image carrier which faces the electrodes is electrically conductive, a jet nozzle for the continuous supply of developer liquid to the surface of the image carrier is arranged just before the electrode or at the area of the electrode, viewed in the direction of movement of the image carrier, while behind the electrode there is arranged a device for the removal of depleted developer liquid.
In comparison with known devices for electrophorectic image formation, the proposed device offers important advantages. The suitably conductive surface of the image carrier is not charged by the charged pigment deposited during the image formation, because the corresponding counter-charge flows directly to the surface and compensates for the pigment charge. Thus, the quantity of pigment which can be deposited is not limited, not even by the participation of deposited ions, which are charged in the same sense, and which do not make a contribution to the density.
No spatially expended charge image is formed and hence there is no resolution reducing displacement of deposited pigment to the outer image point zones. Due to the high conductivity of the surface of the image carrier and the use of liquid developer in which the high-charge pigment particles are suspended, a high deposition rate is obtained by way of fast image formation and a high optical density.
A printing device thus formed also enables electrophoretic halftone recording of images with a higher achievable density on the conductive transparent metal layer of a transparent foil of a synthetic material having a sufficient thickness for adequate mechanical stability.
A further embodiment of the device in accordance with the invention which is suitable for color printing is characterized in that, viewed in the movement direction of the image carrier, a number of jet nozzles are arranged one behind the other, each jet nozzle being adapted to supply developer liquid with a specific pigment.
Some embodiments in accordance with the invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawing figures.
FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of an electrode which can be used in a printing device in accordans with the invention,
FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of an electrode,
FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a printing device in accordance with the invention in which the image is recorded directly on a strip of paper,
FIG. 4 is a side elevation of an embodiment of a printing device in accordance with the invention for multi-color recording, comprising an electrode comb on a conductive rotating drum and a device for transferring the complete color image to the ultimate record carrier,
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the device shown in FIG. 4,
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a part of a further embodiment,
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a part of another embodiment, and
FIG. 8 shows a detail, at an increased scale, of the devices shown in the FIGS. 6 and 7.
The FIGS. 1 and 2 show two embodiments of the electrodes 3 for a printing device in accordance with the invention. The individual electrodes 3 are arranged for series recording. However, it is alternatively possible to arrange a number of these electrodes adjacently in a row in order to form an electrode comb for parallel recording. In this respect, it is only important that as an assembly they exhibit favorable flow conditions and that their tips are shaped so that a large as possible electric field is present between the electrodes and the image carrier 1 for the deposition of pigment particles on the image carrier when one of the electrodes is connected to a control voltage UST.
The surface of the image carrier 1 which faces the electrodes comprises an electrically conductive layer. This layer is denoted by the reference numeral 1' in FIG. 1.
Furthermore, in FIGS. 1 and 2 all functionally corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, even though their shape may be different. FIG. 1 shows a simple pin electrode, the tip of which projects from an insulating holder 4, so that the active electric field is larger. For the same purpose, the electrodes may alternatively comprise a round tip or rounded bevelled tip or spherical tip (not shown). FIG. 2 shows a hollow electrode 3 which is shaped as funnel; the purpose of this shape will be described at a later stage.
The following examples of the record carrier 1 are shown: FIG. 1 shows a sheet-like or strip-like image carrier of normal paper or a synthetic material where only the receiving surface 1' is conductive. The conductivity is realized by the introduction of substances, for example, salts or metal layers. Obviously, the image carrier may alternatively consist entirely of a conductive material, for example, ZnO paper. The combination of a transparent substrate of a synthetic material and a transparent metal layer enables recording of transparent images with a high optical density (up to D=3). FIG. 2 shows the image carrier 1 as a metal drum having a wear-resistant surface. This drum is used as a permanent intermediate carrier.
The construction of the counter electrode 5, being connected to the reference potential (in all examples at earth potential =0 V) of the control voltage UST, differs accordingly. A strip-shaped image carrier 1 which is entirely conductive may be guided in continuous contact across a counter-electrode which is constructed as a plate (not shown). In FIG. 1, the counter-electrode 5 which is constructed as a roller or a wiper, is in direct contact with the conductive receiving surface 1'. In FIG. 2, where the image carrier 1 is a metal drum, the reference potential is connected directly to the drum shaft (not shown).
The end of the electrode 3 is situated at a distance a, which may be from 50 to 200 μm, from the surface of the image carrier. The electrode 3 may be constructed as a separate electrode for series recording or as an electrode comb for parallel recording. The electrode comb consists of, for example, five electrodes which are embedded in an insulating body 4 at an image point distance from and parallel to each other. For the recording of a series of points, they are simultaneously or group-wise consecutively connected to the relevant control voltage UST by the control electronics. The gap between the head of each electrode 3 and the image carrier 1 is filled with liquid developer 2. As will be described in detail hereinafter, an adequate amount of liquid developer 2 is applied to the recording zone by a jet nozzle 13 (not shown in FIG. 1). The thickness h of the liquid developer film is always larger than the gap a between the electrodes and the image carrier 1. The pigment particles suspended in the liquid developer 2 carry a high charge.
For generating an image point, a control signal UST is applied to the relevant electrode 3. The electric control field thus generated between the image carrier 1, being at reference potential through the counter-electrode 5, and the electrode 3 causes electrophoretic deposition of pigment on the image carrier 1 in a zone underneath the electrode 3 which is determined by the shape and the intensity of the electric field (denoted by broken lines). The quantity of pigment deposited, i.e. the grey value of the image point generated, is proportional to the product of the duration and the voltage value of the control signal UST. Thus, the grey value of such an image point which is proportional to the quantity of pigment deposited can be controlled by variation of the duration or, preferably, by variation of the value of the voltage UST. The point-wise recording of the halftone images is realized during the corresponding relative movement of image carrier 1 and the electrode device 3 by the control signals derived from the image signal.
Up to the fixation of the recorded images, the image-wise deposited, charged pigment adheres to the image carrier 1 mainly under the influence of electrostatic forces. The adherence is intensified by van der Waals forces between pigment particles and the image carrier 1. The ultimate fixation takes place after removal of the liquid developer film, in that the polymer adhesive contained therein bonds the pigment to the image carrier.
In comparison with known methods, the density of the recorded image points (D→3), the recording speed (V→0.5 m/s) and the resolution (→10 points per mm) are exceptionally high due to the use of conductive image carriers 1. The recording speed is further increased by the use of liquid developer 2 in which high-charge pigment is suspended. For the correct reproduction of the grey values of the image points recorded point-wise by relative movement of the electrode 3 and the image carrier 1, the construction of the electrode tip and the enveloping insulating body 4 should be favorable for the flow in order to emable a fast exchange of developer liquid. Therefore, the insulating body 4 has a very slim shape which becomes narrower towards the recording ends of the pin electrodes 3. After the recording of an image point or after the recording of a series of image points, the liquid developer 2 depleted during the preceding recording can thus be replaced by fresh, liquid developer containing pigment in the prescribed and adjusted concentration during the further movement of the image carrier 1 or the electrode device 3 over one image point distance.
In the embodiment of the electrode 3 and the insulating body 4 which is shown in FIG. 1, the fresh liquid developer 2 is applied to the recording zone by a jet nozzle. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, where the electrode is formed as a jet nozzle, the fresh liquid developer can be applied to the recording zone in the same way, by the jet nozzle 13, and after each recording the major part of the depleted liquid developer can be removed by this jet nozzle 24 itself. The fresh liquid developer 2, however, can alternatively flow directly to the recording zone by the jet nozzle 24, at the same time forcing the depleted liquid developer out of the recording zone.
FIG. 3 is a side elevation of the principal parts of an embodiment of a printing device for electrophoretic image recording. In this device, recording takes placed on a strip-shaped image carrier 1 which is pulled off a feed roll 7. The image carrier 1 may be a conductive paper or a paper or a foil comprising a conductive receiving surface. For the recording, the image carrier 1 is pulled off the feed roll 7 by a capstan drive and is transported in the direction of the arrow, by the guide rollers 8 and 9 and the counter-electrode 5 which is at a reference potential (0 V) of the control voltage UST. A pump 11 supplies liquid developer 2 from a reservoir 12. This developer is applied, from the jet nozzle 13, to the recording zone of the image carrier 1 above the electrode comb 3, 4 across the full width thereof.
The electrode comb 3, 4 records a full halftone point series across the width of the image carrier. The voltage UST is applied in known manner to the electrodes in dependence of control signals from the control electronics. After the intermittent or continuous further movement of the image carrier 1 over one point series distance, each time a further point series of a halftone image is recorded.
The developer 2 depleted during the recording flows downwards along the image carrier 1 and substantially removed below the counter-electrode 5, for example, by an airflow produced by a fan 14. The developer then returns to the reservoir 12. After the removal of the major part of the liquid developer 2, the recorded halftone images are successively rinsed with a carrier liquid 16, so that the residual film of liquid developer still present on the image carrier 1 is removed. The pigment still present therein which has not been used during the recording would otherwise cause a disturbing background blackening of the images. The rinsing carrier liquid 16 is carried from a reservoir 15 by a pump 17 and is applied to the image carrier 1 by a jet nozzle 18. The carrier liquid 16 which flows down along the image carrier 1 is again removed underneath the counter-electrode 5 by the airflow from the fan 14 and returns to the reservoir 15. The pigment used up during the image formation and the lost carrier liquid 16 are replenished in known manner by hand or automatically.
During the last process phase, the image carrier 1 is dried by an airflow from a fan 19. The fixation agent present in the liquid developer 2 then bonds the recorded image permanently to the image carrier 1. The recording is subsequently discharged from the apparatus.
FIGS. 4 to 7 show three embodiments of a recording device for point-wise electrophoretic multi-color recording, that is to say all three for the recording of a tri-color image with the three pigments in the colors yellow, cyan and magenta. Using these three colors, all colors of a color image, including the grey values between white and black, can be reproduced on a white image carrier, for example, normal paper which is used as the ultimate carrier 21 of the color recording in all embodiments. Obviously, the color image quality of the multi-color recording method in accordance with the invention can be improved by addition of the fourth color "black". Alternatively, more than three or four colors and colors other than the described colors can be used.
The three pigments are charged and each pigment is suspended in a carrier liquid. The suspension, moreover, contains a bonding agent for permanently bonding the pigment to the image carrier after evaporation of the carrier liquid. The principal element of the recording device is the conductive image carrier 1. It is shaped as a drum and is made of a conductive material, for example, metal, or it comprises a conductive surface, for example, a metal layer. This serves as a permanent intermediate carrier of the tri-color image which is formed thereon by means of the electrophoretic method and which is transferred as a complete color image, consisting of the point-wise exactly registering images in the three colors, to the ultimate carrier 21, for example, normal paper. It is a further advantage of the electrophoretic recording method that the charged pigment particles which are deposited in the correct quantity for each color, i.e., with the correct optical density, under direct electric control by a corresponding control voltage UST applied to the electrodes, are correctly adjacently deposited and distributed for all image points across the surface of the image carrier where they are maintained in position by electric mirror charging and mechanical forces (van der Waals forces) without flowing beyond the boundaries of the image points at a later stage.
The simultaneous and hence fast transfer of the electrophoretically recorded tri-color image on the drum 1 in its entirety is realized by the synchronous rolling of the ultimate record carrier 21 (normal paper) on the surface of the drum 1 which carries the color image. The record carrier 21 and the surface of the drum 1 are brought into a comparatively intimate mechanical contact by means of the transfer roller 20. The transfer of the tri-color image takes place by the electric field forces which are generated by application of a transfer voltage Uu to the transfer roller 20. Subsequently, it is necessary to clean the drum 1. The fixation of the transferred multi-color image is realized in known manner by the added bonding agent after evaporation of the carrier liquid.
FIGS. 4 and 5 show a complete recording device for the electrophoretic recording of a tri-color image by means of a stationary electrode comb 3. This device records a complete line of image points in parallel and simultaneously. As has already been described, this comb consists of a row of electrode pins which are arranged parallel adjacent each other and which are associated with the line of image points. The recording end faces of the electrode pins which extend at an angle of 90� above the surface of the drum 1 are situated at a distance of from approximately 50 to 200 μm from the drum surface. For the recording, each time a sufficient amount of pigment suspension flows through this gap. The electrophoretic deposition of the correct quantity of pigment of a given color on the drum 1 is determined for each image point of a line of points by the image-wise modulated control voltages UST. The line-wise recording of the tri-color images is point-wise performed consecutively for each color on the rotating drum 1. The accuracy is obtained in that the drum 1 and the electrode comb 3 are rigidly arranged with respect to each other and a reproducible control signal is given by a position generator (not shown) which is coupled to the drum 1.
If a tri-color image is to be recorded, for example, starting with the color yellow, the suspension 2a containing the yellow pigment is pumped from the reservoir by the pump 7a to the supply pipe 4a and is applied to the rotating image carrier 1, across the full recording width, just before the electrode comb 3. The yellow image is formed from the yellow suspension 2a which flows through the gap between the surface of the drum 1 and the electrode comb 3 by the image-wise electrically actuated electrode comb by way of electrophoretic deposition of pigment during a rotation of the drum. The yellow suspension 2a, being depleted accordingly during the recording and flowing along the drum, is removed underneath the drum 1 by means of an airflow from a fan 6a and is returned to the reservoir for the yellow suspension 2a. Used up toner and carrier liquid are replenished automatically or by hand (not shown).
The residual yellow toner which remains on the drum after this coarse removal and which could cause a a disturbing fog in the colour image, is removed at the rear of the drum 1 by means of a rinsing liquid 5a which is applied across the full width of the surface by means of a jet nozzle 18. The rinsing liquid is preferably the carrier liquid of the pigment suspensions. The rinsing liquid 5a is supplied from the relevant reservoir by the pump 17. The rinsing liquid then flows downwards along the drum 1, is removed by means of the airflow from the fan 6a, and is returned to the reservoir 5a.
Subsequently, the electrophoretic recording takes place of the second color image with the suspension 2b, for example, containing cyan pigment. After completion of the cleaning of the second color image with rinsing liquid, the third and last recording takes place with the suspension 2c which contains, for example, magenta pigment.
The suspensions 2a to 2c are each time supplied from the relevant reservoirs by the pumps 7a to 7c. They are applied to the drum 1 by means of the pipes 4a to 4c. The cleaning of the images by means of the rinsing liquids 5a to 5c is realized by means of the pump 17 and the jet nozzle 18. The relevant suspension and the rinsing liquid are removed by the fans 6a to 6c.
In synchronism with the recording of the tri-color image, the carriage 8, accommodating the reservoirs for the pigment suspensions 2a, 2b and 2c and the rinsing liquids 5a to 5c, the latter three reservoirs being interconnected by ducts, and the fans 6a to 6c, is moved intermittently further in the direction of the arrow 100, so that during the application of a color, the associated color reservoir and the fan are situated underneath the drum 1. At the end of the recording of the complete color image, the carriage 8 is returned to the starting position.
The stationary jet nozzles 4a, 4b and 4c and the rinsing pipe 18 are movably connected to the pumps 7a, 7b and 7c and 17 by way of tubes.
As has already been described, the complete tri-color image recorded on the drum 1 is transferred to the ultimate record carrier 21 in one step, and hence fast and accurately.
The devices which are shown in principle in the FIGS. 6 and 7 enable series-parallel electrophoretic multi-color recording on a rotating conductive drum 1 which serves as a permanent intermediate carrier of the complete multi-color image. An insulating holder 10 which is slidable to and fro, parallel to the surface of the drum 1, in the arrow directions 101, 102, comprises several separate pin-shaped electrodes 3 which are adjacently arranged and associated jet nozzles 4a, 4b, 4c and suction pipes 11a, 11b, 11c, the electrodes extending at an angle of 90� with respect to the surfaces. The recording end faces thereof are situated at a distance of from 50 to 100 μm from the surface of the drum 1. During rotation of the drum 1, if an adequate amount of suspension 2 with charged pigment of each time one color is supplied by nozzles 4, the individual electrodes 3 electrophoretically record point-wise, that is to say each electrode serially and all electrodes in parallel, an image point column in one color. The deposition of the correct quantity of charged pigment in accordance wit the image information is controlled by the control voltage UST which is applied to the electrodes and which is image-wise modulated. The suspension whose pigment has been used up during the recording is removed directly behind the electrodes 3 by suction pipes 11. All separate electrodes 3 are displaced with the holder 10 either during a rotation of the drum 1, laterally in the indicated arrow directions 101, 102, continuously over one image point column distance, or intermittently during each rotation, so that each electrode 3 each time records a corresponding part of the image in columns. The electrode distance b1 amounts to a multiple of the width of the intermediate image point columns.
In the devices for serial electrophoretic multi-color recording, the device for removing the pigment suspension of a color 2 directly behind the electrodes 3 by means of suction pipes 11 deviates from the device for the removal of the suspension of a color 2 by means of an airflow underneath the drum 1 which is used in the recording device for parallel electrophoretic multi-color recording as shown in FIG. 4 for two reasons: the effective use of the latter removal device would necessitate the use of a number of such devices equal to the number of individual electrodes 3. The use of the suction devices 11 reduces this large number. A further advantage will be described with reference to FIG. 8.
FIG. 8 shows, at an increased scale, the serial electrophoretic recording, using separate electrodes 3 according to FIG. 6 or 7, on the basis of an example involving the recording of the image of one color. During the rotation of the drum 1 in the direction of the arrow 104, the pigment suspension 2 containing the pigment of one color, for example, yellow, is deposited by the jet nozzle 4 in the direction of the arrow F1, said suspension containing, after departure from the recording zone which is determined by the area of the individual electrode 3, a more or less large content of pigment which has not been used during the image-wise electrophoretic recording. If this suspension 13 is removed only at the lower side of the drum 1, as shown in FIG. 4, it will contact the surface of the image carrier 1 with the image 12 over a large area. Consequently, electric and mechanical forces can then irregularly deposit a given part of this pigment on the drum 1. This, the recording is adversely influenced (color or grey shadow). Coarse removal of the pigment irregularly deposited on the surface is no longer possible by the subsequent rinsing. Because the depleted suspension 13, with the pigment still present therein, leaves the recording zone by the suction pipe 11 in the direction of the arrow F11, and it is withdrawn directly behind the electrode 3, the undesirable deposition of pigment is significantly reduced. Moreover, like in the device shown in FIG. 4, a rinsing operation can subsequently be performed, so that the pigment-containing suspension still present after the coarse removal is also removed. The image-wise electrophoretically deposited pigment particles adhering to the image carrier 1 due to electric and mechanical forces form the colored image 12 after the removal of the depleted developer liquid 13.
FIG. 6 shows the first one of the series/parallel recording devices. The electrodes 3 and the associated jet nozzles 4 and suction pipes 11 form n color recording sets of a first kind. The number of jet nozzles 4 and suction pipes 11 is dependent of the number of colors used for the multi-color recording. For the reproduction of tri-color images, each color recording set FAS of the first kind has associated with it three jet nozzles 4 and three associated suction pipes 11 for the suspension 2 with the pigments of the colors yellow, cyan and magenta. Like in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the jet nozzles 4 are arranged at a short distance before the electrodes 3 and the suction pipes 11 are situated directly therebehind. The pipes 4 and 11 are associated pair-wise with the pigment suspensions of a colour 2 and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the electrode 3; they are aligned and shaped so that the suspension 2 of the relevant color which is each time deposited on the rotating drum by the relevant jet nozzle 4 for the recording of the images of the three colors is applied to the recording zone with a width and a thickness which are sufficient for the electrophoretic recording of an image point column, after which it is removed by the relevant suction pipe 11.
The number n1 of color recording sets of the first kind, being arranged at a regular distance b1 across the recording width, is determined by the desired recording time or possibly by predetermined manufacturing costs. The more recording sets are present, the faster the recording will be. The number or the distance is limited only by the dimensions of the systems.
For the recording of a tri-color image on the rotating drum 1, the suspension 2a which contains, for example, pigment of the color yellow, is applied to the recording zone of the electrodes 3 (F1) by all jet nozzles 4a for the recording of the first color. During the continuous or intermittent displacement of the color recording sets FAS with the holder 10, for example, to the right, all electrodes 3 each time record in parallel controlled image-wise by the applied control voltages UST, with an image point column of the associated image part with the correct color value, image point wise and serially during each rotation of the drum 1. The depleted pigment suspension is removed from the drum for each set by the suction pipes 11a (F11). The displacement of the color recording sets FAS with the holder 10 is stopped when all image point columns of the associated image parts having a width b1 of the image of the first color have been recorded. After the returning of the holder 10 to the starting position, the recording of the image of the second color is performed in a point-column-wise accurately registering manner. By all jet nozzles 4b, the suspension 2b containing the cyan pigment is applied to the recording zone (F2). Electrodes 3 are image-wise driven for the recording of the second color. The removal of the depleted suspension takes place by the suction pipes 11b (F21). After the recording of the image parts of the second color on the image of the first color, the image of the third color is recorded with the suspension 2c containing magenta pigment. The suspension 2c is applied by the jet nozzles 4c and is removed by the suction pipes 11c.
After the recording of each image of one color, the pigment which has not been image-wise deposited is removed by means of a rinsing liquid during one or more rotations of the drum 1. Subsequently, the image is transferred to an ultimate carrier 21 in the manner described with reference to FIG. 4.
FIG. 7 shows a further series/parallel electrophoretic multi-color recording device. Each color recording set (FAS) consists of three separate electrodes 3a to 3c, three jet nozzles 4a to 4c, and three suction pipes 11a to 11c for recording each time the image of one color. This is a color recording set of the second kind. For tri-color recording, each color recording set comprises three electrodes and each time three associated pairs of pipes 4 and 11 which are adjacently arranged in series in the holder 10 which is deplaceable in the direction of the arrows 101, 102. The color recording sets of the second kind have the same mutual distance b2 across the overall recording width. The number n2 of the sets, or their distance b2, is determined, like for the first series/parallel recording device, by the desired recording time or by the manufacturing costs. In a color recording set of the second kind, all electrode and jet nozzle devices are situated at the distance a from each other. The relevant sequence of assignment of electrode and jet nozzle devices to the color to be recorded thereby is the same for all color recording sets of the second kind. The minimum distances a and b2 are determined either by the dimensions of the electrode and jet pipe devices or by the spreading of the pigment suspensions 2 applied to the drum 1. Because all neighbouring electrode and jet pipe devices record a different color, the distances a and b2 must be chosen for reasons of safety so that the suspensions 2 cannot run one into the other. For the recording of the image of the first color, all jet nozzles 4a deposit the suspension 2a, containing, for example, yellow pigment, on the rotating drum 1. The assembly of color recording sets of the second kind is continuously or intermittently displaced to the right by way of the holder 10. The image-wise electrophoretic recording of the yellow image is realized with the correct color value by the activated associated individual electrodes 3a, that is to say image-point-wise serially with each rotation of the drum 1 and per image point column in parallel with the associated image part. The depleted suspension is removed by the suction pipes 11a.
After the displacement of the holder 10 over a distance a for one color, that is to say after the recording of a corresponding number of yellow image point columns, all electrode and jet pipe devices for the recording of a second color, for example, with the suspension 2b containing cyan pigment, have reached the position in which each time the first yellow image point columns have been recorded. The image-column-wise coincident recording of the image of the second color on the first color then commences. All jet nozzles 4b deposit the suspension 2b containing cyan pigment in the recording zone of the electrodes 3b, which are activated for the image-wise recording of the image of the second color. The depleted suspensions are removed from the drum 1 by the suction pipes 11b. The recording of the image parts of the first and the second color now take place simultaneously. After the displacement of the color recording sets of the second kind with the holder 10 over the distance a, the recording of the image of the third color commences with the suspension 2c with magenta pigment; like for the recording of the two other colors, use is made of the jet nozzles 4c, the electrodes 3c which are image-wise activated for the recording of the third color, and the suction pipes 11c.
All image parts of the three colors are then simultaneously recorded. When all color recording sets of the second kind have been displaced together over the distance b2 with the holder 10, the recording of the image parts of the image of the first color yellow has been completed, and each time after further displacement over the distance a, the recording of the cyan image has been completed, and after a further displacement over the distance a the recording of the magenta image has been completed.
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£1,700 pcm
4 bedroom detached house to rent Oakley Road, KestonStunning 4 bedroom family home located within easy access to 2 mainline stations and approx. 0.2 miles from Ravens Wood School. This property offers a modern stylish kitchen open to the spacious lounge with parquet wood flooring and patio doors leading to the rear garden, and separate downstairs... More details ›
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3 bedroom semi-detached house to rent Turpington Lane, Bromley BR2REFURBISHED THREE BEDROOM SEMI DETACHED HOUSE.. More details ›
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4 bedroom property to rent Renwick Drive, Bromley, BR2NEW BUILD TOWN HOUSE LOCATED IN THE POPULAR DEVELOPMENT OF TRINITY VILLAGE. Split over thee floors is this impressive home features a large modern kitchen / diner with integrated appliances, W/C and a small office / study, two reception rooms with balcony access and roof terrace garden , three... More details ›
£1,175 pcm
2 bedroom ground floor flat to rent Victoria Road, BromleyAn opportunity to rent this recently refurbished VERY SPACIOUS two double bedroom ground floor flat, with private garden. Ideally located for Bromley South, Bickley and Petts Wood mainline stations and moments from Chatterton Road shops. The property comprises; entrance hall with storage cupboard... More details ›
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3 bedroom semi-detached house to rent Turpington LaneWe are delighted to offer for rent this deceptively spacious newly refurbished three bedroom semi detached family home, ideally located within easy reach of local transport links, the A21 and Chatterton Village. The accommodation comprises two good size receptions, modern fitted kitchen and bath... More details ›
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3 bedroom terraced house to rent Faringdon Avenue, Petts WoodAn opportunity to rent this well presented three bedroom mid terrace house set within a popular location in Petts Wood. The accommodation on offer comprises; a lounge, dining room and a fully fitted kitchen with white goods included to the ground floor. To the first floor there are three bedrooms... More details ›
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2 bedroom flat to rent Wells View Drive Trinity Village BR2Modern purpose built two bedroom, two bathroom, third floor apartment to rent on the popular Trinity Village development. Available July. Unfurnished More details ›
Added on 01/07/2015 by Kinleigh Folkard & Hayward - Lettings, Bromley. Call: 020 8012 2717 Local call rate
£1,300 pcm
2 bedroom flat to rent Wells View Road Bromley BR2Located in the heart of the ever popular Trinity Village is this immaculate two bedroom flat. Accommodation comprises two double bedrooms, the master benefiting from a shower en-suite, three piece modern family bathroom, open-plan kitchen/living room and good size private balcony. The property al... More details ›
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4 bedroom town house to rent Capel Close,Bromley,BR2Extremely well presented & deceptively spacious 4 bedroom house. benefiting from a quiet location it offers a large reception room, conservatory, fully fitted kitchen with breakfast bar, bathroom, en-suite shower room and downstairs cloakroom. It also boasts off street parking, garage ... More details ›
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Bus-a-bus blew his top when Williams interviewed his baby mama back in 2004 but chose to wait eight years and take it out on one of her former employees at the BET Awards in 2012. Tensions got high after Busta allegedly attacked Charlamagne, the radio DJ whom he believed worked for Williams at the time.
(Photo: Rick Diamond/Getty Images for BET)
Quotes: Meek Mill Says Being With Nicki Minaj Is a Dream 07/03/2015
Out and About: Tracy Morgan Celebrates at Disney World 07/02/2015
Cinemania: Must-See Movies in July 07/02/2015
You Gotta Have It: What to Hear, See and Cop This Month 06/30/2015
Where Are They Now? The Cast of Coming to America 06/29/2015
Quotes: Obama Speaks on Historic Marriage Equality Ruling 06/26/2015
Out and About: Rihanna Lets It All Hang Out in LA 06/26/2015
Great Moments in Black LGBT History 06/25/2015
Celebrity Birthdays: Solange Knowles-Ferguson Celebrates! 06/24/2015
Where Are They Now? The Cast of White Chicks 06/23/2015
So Fab: Drag Queens as Celebrities 06/22/2015
Celebrities Celebrate Father's Day 2015 06/21/2015
Celeb Quotes: Pres. Obama Slams the Politics of Gun Control 06/19/2015
Father Knows Best: Celebrity Dads Talk Fatherhood 06/18/2015
Out and Proud: Famous LGBT Couples 06/16/2015
Rachel Dolezal Ain't the Only One: 'Transracial' Celebs 06/15/2015


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106923Re: [mach1mach2cnc] Re: Spindle Setup with VFD
Expand Messages
- Apr 1, 2009Thats all right.
We all help each other out here- and everyone has something to learn.
Hope it works out for you ... it should.
Noel Anthony wrote:
> Hanermo You ROCK. Have to go away for 4 days but will be straight onto it
> Thankyou thankyou
> Kind Regards
> Noel Anthony
> Director
> wild gravity
> www.wildgravity.com.au <http://www.wildgravity.com.au/
> <http://www.wildgravity.com.au/>>
> From: firstname.lastname@example.com
> <mailto:mach1mach2cnc%40yahoogroups.com>
> [mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com
> <mailto:mach1mach2cnc%40yahoogroups.com>]
> On Behalf Of gcode fi (hanermo)
> Sent: Wednesday, 1 April 2009 7:30 PM
> To: email@example.com <mailto:mach1mach2cnc%40yahoogroups.com>
> Subject: Re: [mach1mach2cnc] Re: Spindle Setup with VFD
> (I dont have a C23- but the setup is the same as for a c6 board. Mine
> are connected to a lathe spindle motor control, but the procedure is the
> same for a mill. I get about +/- 1 rpm variation in steady state speed
> ie non-cutting).
> Ok .. to start with, lets ignore the direction.
> Pin 14, on the C23 bob, is analog out.
> So, in mach
> Ports n pins/Motor outputs
> At the bottom, for spindle, check the right step/ dir pins for your setup
> the step pin is pin 14 (port 1 of the SS I think).
> the dir - use any free pin with relay (set this up later).
> Save and exit mach. Restart mach (just in case).
> So, for the analog out, between connectors 1 and 2, on the C23, you will
> get a voltage that is proportional to the commanded speed of your spindle.
> This is next to the trim pot, that adjusts your voltage.
> Connect a volt meter to pins 1,2 on the c23, meter on dc 12 V range
> (without vfd).
> set the speed to say 1000 - in mdi in mach with S1000 (assumes mm/sec)
> (Voltage should be zero - spindle is still off).
> Put on the spindle, from the screen.
> The voltage between these pins should now be near 10 v.
> Put your spindle speed, in mach, to your max real speed.
> Assume max spindle speed is 3400 (Bp M-head ;) for example.
> Now adjust the trim voltage on the C23, the R37, so that its output is
> your vfd max, 10 V.
> Now connect the pins 1,2 to your vfd.
> Mach can now control the speed of your vfd -> spindle !
> Then put a relay, or use the relay on the C23, to the dir pin on your vfd.
> If using C23 mechanical relay - use pin 16.
> Ports n pins/Motor outputs
> At the bottom, for spindle, check the right step/ dir pins for your setup.
> Step is already set up.
> the dir pin is now pin 16 (port 1 of the SS I think).
> Now, you should be able to change the direction of the spindle, cw/ccw,
> from the screen or with mdi.
> Hope this helps.
> cnc4pc docs;
> http://cnc4pc.com/Tech_Docs/C23R2WG.pdf
> <http://cnc4pc.com/Tech_Docs/C23R2WG.pdf>
> http://cnc4pc.com/Tech_Docs/KBIC_WD.png
> <http://cnc4pc.com/Tech_Docs/KBIC_WD.png>
- << Previous post in topic Next post in topic >>


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Shania Twain Lands Two-Year Las Vegas Concert Gig
"This is a dream for any recording artist," Shania said in a press conference in Nashville Wednesday. "This is more than an opportunity, it's an exceptional gift."
So why the 15 month wait for the superstar's return to the stage? Well, Shania has been battling a medical condition called dysphonia, which she explains causes the muscles in her throat to squeeze her voice box. She blames the condition on traumatic events in her life, including the death of her parents in a car accident when she was a teenager and witnessing domestic violence as a child. But this is a hurdle Shania fully plans to jump ... and certainly in time for Vegas.
And fans only have to wait until tonight to get tickets! If you have an American Express card, you'll be able to scoop up seats in an AMEX pre-sale that will start just after Shania announces the Male Video of the Year award on tonight's live CMT Awards broadcast.
Shania is set to premiere her first new single in six years, 'Today Is Your Day,' on the 'Why Not? With Shania Twain' series finale Sunday night (June 12). Immediately following the show, the tune will be sent directly to radio stations nationwide, and will be available to fans only via iTunes. The finale airs Sunday at 10:00 PM ET/PT on OWN.
The episode, titled 'Endless Love,' shows Shania as she records a duet of that iconic 1981 hit with Lionel Richie. Also featured is never-before-seen footage of Shania's wedding to Frédéric Thiébaud in the Bahamas at the beginning of 2011.
Get more at The Boot >>>
PopScene: Weeks Hottest Pics
- Filed under:
- Music News
- Wednesday 08 JuneBy HmmmHigh Rank Vote downVote upReport this
I hope she can pull it off. The anxiety will certainly grow and grow and this could prove too much for her. It sure is putting a lot of pressure on her when she has openly admitted she can't sing and hasn't been able to do so since her divorce.
- Wednesday 08 JuneBy Msmich
Now, maybe she will stop telling her story on every talk show.
- Thursday 09 JuneBy KS.
Another ole gal who cant get past her husband leaving. So many sad storys. A shame these women cant just move on already!!
- Thursday 09 JuneBy sharon
But first, she landed on her rear end at the CMT awards.
Jennifer Aniston
Is it Brad(ley) and Jen take 2? Jen was spotted out on the town with dreamboat ...
Paris Hilton
After Fairly Legal actress, Sarah Shahi, laid into Paris via Twitter for almost...
Kate Middleton
Kate Middleton is officially a princess. She walked the aisle in an Alexander...
Denise Richards
According to Denise, she's not sure that her estranged ex is completely sober....
Popeater Hot Topics
- Stars believe what?
- Navy diver who lost two limbs in shark attack goes on quest for 'Joan of Shark'
- Hugh Jackman's wife banned husband from working with Angelina Jolie
- Pic! Elizabeth Olsen Suffers Wardrobe Malfunction in Paris
- Ben and Jen: New Details Emerge on Post-Breakup Family Vacation
- Ashton Kutcher and Mila Kunis Got Married!
Sites We Love
- Stars believe what?
- Navy diver who lost two limbs in shark attack goes on quest for 'Joan of Shark'
- More From Foxnews.com
- 'Arrow'; 'The 100'; 'American Idol'; more TV recaps
- 'The Americans'; 'Empire'; 'Top Chef'; 'Broad City'; more TV recaps
- More From EW.com


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For younger students, there are a variety of quality private education options including Montessori, Christian and Catholic schools. The Peninsula School District has a home school liaison available to offer information to families considering home schooling. Visit the PSD website or the Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction at www.K12.wa.us for more information on home school options.
Discovery Village Preschool
Gig Harbor Academy &
Harbor Christian Schools
|St. Nicholas Catholic School
3555 Edwards Drive
Gig Harbor, WA 98335
pre-school through 8th grade
Lighthouse Christian School
|Summer Sounds at Skansie Outdoor Concerts Tue Jul 07 @ 6:30PM - 08:00PM
|Public Affairs Forum Thu Jul 09 @ 7:30AM - 08:30AM
|Waterfront Farmers Market Thu Jul 09 @ 3:00PM - 07:00PM
|Thursday Night Out in Downtown Gig Harbor Thu Jul 09 @ 5:00PM - 08:00PM
|Uptown Summer Concerts Thu Jul 09 @ 6:00PM - 08:00PM
|CinemaGig Outdoor Movies Fri Jul 10 @ 6:00PM -
|Notorious Networking Night Tue Jul 14 @ 5:30PM - 07:00PM
|Gig Harbor Summer Art Festival Sat Jul 18 @12:00AM
|Chalk the Harbor Sat Jul 18 @10:00AM - 02:00PM
|Gig Harbor Summer Art Festival Sun Jul 19 @12:00AM
|Business After Hours Wed Jul 22 @ 5:30PM - 07:00PM
|Gig Harbor Wine & Food Fest Thu Jul 23 @ 5:00PM - 08:00PM
|Summer Swing Golf Tournament Fri Jul 24 @11:00AM - 09:00PM
|Gig Harbor Wine & Food Fest Fri Jul 24 @ 5:00PM - 08:00PM
|Gig Harbor Wine & Food Fest Sat Jul 25 @ 5:00PM - 08:00PM
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text: The hotel is really nice. It is a simple renewed hotel. The hotel staff are really nice. We took this hotel without pre-order, just because of the really nice guy that worked that day. He was really really welcoming and did his best for us. We stayed on 7/6/15-11/6/15. Mazal. (If the owners see this review - I don't know... More


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The supply of housing inventory exceeds demand. Buyers have the advantage over sellers due to the abundance of homes on the market, with homes often selling at reduced prices. Price drops are common as sellers compete to find buyers.
Rent prices are relatively stable, and availability is good. If your yearly income is around $70,000, you can afford to rent in this market. Rent prices have not changed over the past 3 months. This is 32% lower than the state average of $1,781 and 78% lower than the country average of $2,388.
Trend data coming soon.
|For Sale: 330
|New: 40
|Recently Sold: 118
|Reduced: 149
|Average Home Price
|Average Sold Price
|Property Records: 8,404
|Foreclosed: N/A
The average home price in 23061 is $247,563, which is 3% higher than the average sold price in 23061 ($240,319) . The average home price per square foot in 23061 is $110 and about 1% of all homes in 23061 sold in the last 6 months. For 23061 home values, real estate prices, and city market trends, research the 8,404 property records or search our 118 recently sold or 330 homes for sale listings. The listings and properties in 23061 are only a part of the 2,604,380 properties and 57,380 homes for sale in Virginia. Because of this, the average home price and average home value of 23061 also influence the average home price $341,539 and average sale price $328,651 of Virginia. Listing counts, 23061 home prices and home values in 23061 are sourced daily from listing and property data on realtor.com®, which is the most up-to-date and accurate aggregation of real estate listings in the industry and includes approximately 800 regional MLSs and is the official website of the National Association of Realtors®.
|Median Age
|Median Household Income


text:
Comment posted RIP Helensburgh town centre: Waitrose out of town location approved by newsroom.
Those who wished for and worked for the decision taken today are now obligated to work to demonstrate that this will indeed rejuvenate the town centre.
You will be judged on the success you are confident you can achieve.
And, in the interests of Helensburgh, we wish you well, without equivocation, in proving our prognosis wrong.
newsroom also commented
- And we are happy to testify to how good those delis are.
- There remains the issue of their professional planning officers' recommendations.
Who would put planning decisions in the hands of the first fleet of woodentops rushing to approve it today?
That's exactly what has been done.
Recent comments by newsroom
- Police Scotland Lochgilphead: police reports for week to 29th June 2015
This isn't discriminatory, Stuart.
Police Scotland Lochgilphead is very well organised and sends us their police reports for Mid-Argyll every week – so this wouldn't include any of the other areas where, as you suggest, there is indeed plenty going on.
- Best Environment Project Award for Helix Park and the Kelpies
They are, aren't they.
Was the smell from the canal?
- Western Ferries: history and valediction
Yes. it was 19.00 to 20.30 at Livingstone's in John Street in Dunoon – but this may have been an invitation and press launch.
Last night's was the event the above article was born from.
Pity you missed the launch – but from a quick preliminary scan, the book seems well worth reading.
- A814 community not informed on road-resurfacing
We assume it would help you too if you were informed in advance?
- End of Castle Toward soap opera may be sale to soap tycoon
The council will have to retain all current arrangements to insure and secure the Castle Toward property until the point of exchange of contracts; so the £22,250 monthly fees will continue to apply until that point is reached – with whoever buys it.
Your scenario on grant applications, which would include the enterprise bodies, has to be the reality of the situation and these processes are not quick.
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Blackman Stay and Play
One for the families. Sleepover in a Deluxe Studio Twin Suite with Balcony with breakfast at Classico, then get out and about with half day adult Lekker bicycle and/or children's scooter hire.
When the day is done, keep the creative juices flowing with art canvas kits for the little ones, as well as late checkout of 1pm and self car parking.
- Price: From $246 a night
- Availability: 30 May 2015 - 30 Dec 2015
- Details: Sleepover in a Deluxe Studio Twin Suite with Balcony, breakfast at Classico, plus bike/scooter hire, art kit, car parking
Package Inclusions
This package includes:
- Breakfast at Classico
- Half day Lekker bicycle for adults and or children's scooter hire
- Art canvas kit
- Late checkout of 1pm
- Self car parking
Package Terms & Conditions
Subject to availability, for Monday - Sunday stays within the Victorian School Holidays.
School Holiday periods:
Term 1: 30/03/15 – 12/04/15
Term 2: 26/06/15 – 12/07/15
Term 3: 18/09/15 – 04/10/15
Term 4: 18/12/15 – 18/01/16


text:
The Idealware "Best of the Web" is a monthly roundup of the top nonprofit resources from the Idealware blog, our Facebook page, and our Twitter feed to help you make the right technology decisions. Please forward it along to anyone you think might benefit from it.
We Need More Data Talent (Markets for Good)
What organizations can learn from collecting and analyzing data is powerful. But nonprofits cannot offer the salaries or perks to compete with Silicon Valley. Andrew Means of Impact Lab thinks the only way for the nonprofit sector to gain the talent it needs is for organizations to develop it from within.
The Buzz About Tumblr (Mashable and Nonprofit Tech for Good)
There's been a lot of talk about Tumblr lately. According to Mashable, its new tools and interface make it easier than ever to write and read long-form posts. For organizations considering using Tumblr, or if you just want to see what other nonprofits are doing on the web, check out these must-follow nonprofits collected by Nonprofit Tech for Good.
Would you Donate Data? (Markets for Good)
Your data is valuable. Social media IPOs have certainly proven that. But what can nonprofits do with personal data and what protections should be in place to protect their members and constituents? Anya Skatova and James Goulding of Nottingham University discuss the pros and cons.
Boosting Facebook Success (Idealware, Fast Company, Frogloop)
Facebook can feel like a rabbit hole. You can spend a lot of time posting content and chasing followers only to find yourself in the dark. Here are a few ways to keep your Facebook page delivering results. From Idealware, a blog post that looks at how to maximize your opportunity to be seen without paying for impressions. Fast Company looks at a little-known tool that can teach you a lot about what works on Facebook and what doesn't. And Frogloop considers whether Facebook is surpassing YouTube in video.
Timing is Everything in Social Media (Social Media Today and Lifehacker)
If a tweet is sent, but no one is online to read it, does it exist? A couple of articles this month can help you make sure your tweets, and other social media, have a chance. Social Media Today shows in an infographic how often you should post content on various social media channels. And Lifehacker recommends—based on user data—the best times to post videos to YouTube.
Meet Ross, the IBM Watson-Powered Lawyer (PSFK)
Legal aid organizations will be interested in learning that a new Watson-powered supercomputer can help them find laws and precedents to use in the defense of their clients. But any sector that is complex and data rich may be able to benefit from a similar innovation.
Lifehacker Faceoff: The Best Password Managers, Compared (Lifehacker)
If you have too many passwords to remember, you may need a password manager. With all your passwords all in one place, all you need to remember is one password to unlock them.
All CRM Systems Still Need a Database Manager (IT for Charities)
Systems such as Salesforce have made many nonprofits more efficient and better at fundraising. But without someone watching over the CRM system, Ivan Wainewright warns that headaches may be ahead.
Technology Planning and Capacity Building (Idealware and Idealware)
As the northeast digs out of yet another storm, Laura Quinn contemplates the importance of planning your technology moves (or risk getting stuck later). And Kyle Andrei passes on what foundations have told him that they're looking for in a technology grant.
Connecting with the Dots (Source)
Points on a graph or numbers in a chart can feel dehumanizing—both for the people who work with them and those who are presented data as proof of impact. Jake Harris examines the problem and offers his take on how to design empathy into your data.
Nonprofit Communication Trends to Expect in 2015 (Frogloop)
"According to the 2015 Nonprofit Communications Trends Report, by NonprofitMarketingGuide.com, nonprofits are becoming more confident and more intentional about reaching out to target audiences, raising money, and retaining donors through engagement."
Bill Gates Is About To Unveil The Most Powerful Tool In The History of Social Activism (Forbes)
Gates is at work creating a massive database to match up socially conscious individuals to organizations where they can do the most good.
DIY Health Care Through Your Phone (NPR and Engadget)
NPR reports on new apps that give teens easier access to mental health help. And Engadget shows how a dongle created by Columbia University researchers can allow anyone to test for HIV in 15 minutes. These are just two of the latest examples of how apps are bringing expertise and data to everyone, often at a much lower cost than traditional service models.
Would you like to suggest a link for Best of the Web? Email it to email@example.com.
Unlike in a live training, where you have a (mostly) captive audience, it's easier for participants in a webinar to wander off. Most people who have attended a webinar are guilty of at least checking their email or Facebook during the presentation. It's very easy to get distracted when you aren't physically in the same room as the presenter. The key then, is to make webinars that the audience wants to pay attention to. A tall order.
Get them interacting. The more your participants participate in a webinar, the more engaged they'll be. Asking people to share their personal experiences, asking questions, taking polls, or showing a little bit of humor can help "break the ice" so your audience will jump in and stay involved.
Have interesting slides. Powerpoint has gotten a bad reputation over the years, which is understandable to anyone who's had to sit through countless presentations and lectures with wordy, ugly slides. With a webinar, slides are pretty much your only option, so you have to learn to make them better and more compelling. While you should use a set template for presentations, avoid having every slide look the same. The audience needs a visual cue that the slide has changed so that they know there's something new to pay attention to. Use images generously, but make sure that they support the text, rather than distract from it. A splash of color can brighten your slides as long as they're still readable on all displays (high contrast helps a lot here). Most importantly, use less text. Limit yourself to only one concept or point per slide.
Increase the number of slides. For people accustomed to live presentations, this can be a shock when moving to a webinar. In a live seminar, the audience can rely on your body language and activity to stay engaged, which lets you spend several minutes per slide. But with a webinar, more slides (which, as in #2, should be shorter) are better. The rule Idealware follows is to have a new slide every one to two minutes, which averages out to about 60 slides for a 90-minute webinar. This will probably feel like more slides than you think you should use, but with practice, this faster pace will feel more natural and comfortable.
Break up the class into digestible sections. It can be hard to follow along for an hour and a half and retain all the information. It's helpful to break up your webinar into sections—about 10 to 15 minutes each—that focus on one concept or topic at a time. In addition to making it easier to follow along, breaking up the session lets you take time for a Q&A session or other interaction in between, giving your audience more opportunities to discuss the content or otherwise participate.
Call for questions often. If a participant comes in with his or her One Big Question, but they have to wait 90 minutes for a Q&A session at the end, they're spending that time thinking about their question, rather than the lesson. Or, as people have grown accustomed to these long webinars where they must hold their questions until the end, it's easy for them to drift off or start doing other things—eating lunch, checking email, updating Facebook—instead of paying attention. However, if they know and expect the presenter to be calling on them for questions throughout, they're more likely to pay attention to what's being said.
For a more in-depth discussion about how to make your webinars more engaging, consider joining How to Build a Better Webinar: A Toolkit For Nonprofits. This four-week course takes place every Tuesday from February 17 to March 10 and each session last 90 minutes. Sign up here to get started developing webinars that your audience will value and remember.
Running a webinar isn't like giving a live presentation—it's an entirely different beast. A speaker who is normally wonderful at leading in-person seminars may struggle to lead a webinar. It takes a lot of practice to transition between the two. Here are a few tips to help you lead better webinars.
For an in-depth discussion about how to make your webinars more engaging, consider joining How to Build a Better Webinar: A Toolkit For Nonprofits. This four-week course takes place every Tuesday from February 17 to March 10 and each session last 90 minutes. Sign up here to get started developing webinars that your audience will value and remember.
Many organizations have noticed that their Facebook engagement is declining. Being any type of brand on Facebook is challenging, and it always has been, but for nonprofit organizations that don't have the resources to sponsor posts or advertise on social media, it's especially hard to get noticed. So how do you make the most out of your organization's organic (unpaid) social media posts?
Here are a few things you can try:
Post timing – Facebook Insights provides interesting data about when your fans are online. You can take a look at your own statistics by going to your page's insights and clicking on the "posts" tab. You might be surprised to find that even though you post when you are at work, most of your fans like to log on just before bed, or vice-versa. Your audience's time zone can also have a big impact on when they pull up Facebook. Remember that you can always schedule posts ahead of time if your schedules do not match up.
Post frequency – If you are in the habit of posting multiple times per-day (a common thing to do on Twitter, for example), try scaling back to once or twice per day and see if your results improve. A few unique and well thought out posts will almost certainly be better than a string of average posts. If you are only posting once per week, consider developing a content calendar and scheduling more frequent posts. Our workbook, A Practical Guide to Integrated Communications, can help.
Photos – Photos don't have to be memes or infographics to catch people's eyes as they scroll down their news feed. A simple shot of your office, some volunteers out in the field, or people at your event can increase performance drastically. Thanks to the quality of phone cameras these days, anyone can take social media ready shots at a moment's notice.
Videos – Videos are a bit more time-consuming than photos, but the results are often worth it. Whether you use YouTube or Facebook Videos to post them doesn't seem to make a tremendous difference in viewership. With Facebook Pages' new redesign, previous videos and photos show up more prominently, so it may be worth uploading a video just to Facebook to test the results for yourself.
News and Timely Posts – You may have noticed a "trending topics" feed on the side of your Facebook page lately. If you can tie one of your posts to these topics, it will be given a slightly higher ranking on your followers' feeds. Starting a timely discussion around something important to your community is another sure-fire way to get your fans talking to each other, which is the best way of all to increase engagement.
Lists and Mysterious Headlines – You may roll your eyes whenever you see an "Upworthy" headline, but they work in getting people to click. Buzzfeed style lists work similarly. They both give the audience enough information to be tantalized, but not enough to actually know what the content is. Naturally, they want to find out, so they click. The only rule with these is to follow through with your promise. If you say that your article is the most "amazing, incredible, jaw dropping revelation ever," it had better be a pretty astounding discovery or you won't get those clicks when you try it again.
Contests and Freebies – Who doesn't love free stuff? Consider trying a photo contest to boost your page visits and increase your roster of photos at once. The rules around what types of contests you can run on Facebook are always changing, so do your research before jumping in.
Tell your audience to like and share – It might feel weird at first, but ending a post with "please share" really can get you more shares. Again, this is a power you shouldn't abuse. Save it for your most important posts. If you are trying to boost your number of page likes, consider asking your current fans to spread the word about how great your page is. You can also ask your fans to opt-in to receive notifications every time you post, but only your most hardcore fans are likely to do it.
What have your experiences been? Any tips to add? Let us know in the comments.
For more social media tips, especially if you're a beginner or looking to reboot your social media efforts, join our free webinar: 10 #Social Media Tactics to Do More With Less.
Idealware has written extensively about funding technology projects—see A Funders Guide to Supporting Technology and Funding Technology Projects for proof of that. Technology in and of itself won't save lives or end world hunger, but the right technology can build an organization's overall effectiveness and efficiency, multiplying the impact of its work.
However, many foundations are still reluctant to support technology projects. We spoke to a few foundations that award grants for technology capacity building to find out what lessons they've learned on what makes technology projects succeed or fail.
One family foundation inquired with a current grantee about funding its social media efforts. In addition to a grant, the foundation offered several resources and examples to help the grantee, the producers of a documentary film series, determine what sort of social media capacity-building project would further its mission—to help viewers take action in their communities. The details of the project were left up to the grantee, which was asked to provide up to five ideas it might want to explore.
However, the grantee never replied to the foundation with its ideas and the social media capacity-building funds ultimately fell through. Perhaps social media wasn't as important to the organization as the foundation hoped. Or maybe it just wasn't interested enough in capacity-building to put in the work that the foundation expected of them. The point is, the granting foundation doesn't know why the organization never pursued this opportunity. The grantee never communicated how this idea fell short and what might work better. As a result, it may have missed a big opportunity.
When a large organization had trouble reporting effectively on key indicators for a policy program, one of its foundation funders grew concerned. The foundation raised the issue with the organization's leadership, which prompted an in-depth tech assessment.
The findings were troubling. IT was failing the organization. In addition to limiting the grantee's ability to effectively report on metrics for this particular program, the study uncovered IT issues that affected other departments. As a result of the assessment, the organization developed an extensive and detailed tech road map, which included the creation of a new VP of IT.
While the grantee organization was already well-funded and prepared to carry on with the IT plan independently, the foundation decided to expand its grant to include support for this capacity-building project. This gesture was a powerful statement about the importance of technology systems to relationships between grantors and grantees. Not only was the foundation willing to fund capacity building, it was eager to do so because it meant solving problems that affected the success of both organizations.
Sometimes it can be difficult for organizations to identify the real cause of their technology capacity issues. One foundation learned this first-hand when one of its grantees, a citizen science group, had trouble with volunteer recruitment and retention.
This organization was rebuilding its volunteer recruitment and training program after staff turnover left gaps in its volunteer coordination efforts. At the time, its volunteer outreach and scheduling was done through an older chat group, which was separate from the system used to track volunteers. Instead, it wanted to move those efforts to social media. The organization contacted the foundation for help identifying what platform (Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, etc.) made the most sense for its needs.
However, when a representative from the foundation took stock of the organization's existing technology, the real issue became clear—the old, custom-built database serving as a volunteer management system was clearly not meeting the organization's needs.
While we want to help all organizations build their technology capacity, the fact is that not all technology projects will be successful. Ultimately, foundations need to evaluate how ready a grantee is for capacity building.
A foundation focused on funding environmental and conservation efforts told us about a well-informed, well-prepared proposal sent by a grantee that wanted to use technology for the monitoring and enforcement of a vast protected area. This organization had clearly spent a great deal of thought researching the technology available and had developed strong relationships with community leaders who could help implement the plan.
However, while the expense to develop the plan was reasonable, the cost to implement the technology was much larger—nearly twice the organization's entire budget. The foundation was willing to consider the proposal and took an in-depth look at the long-term sustainability of the organization and its plan, but ultimately had to decide that this organization just wasn't ready for a project of this cost and scope.
Photo credit: AP Photo/Robert F. Bukaty
Sometime in the late 80s my dad bought a cordless phone for his small business. I was in the fourth or fifth grade and it must have been summer because I was there when he took it out of the box and watched him walk around the tortilla factory with it pressed against his ear listening to the dial tone. He was good with machines, but none of the machines he built, operated, or repaired were anything like this magical phone.
Later that morning, as I stacked and bagged tortillas, he said, "Let's go for a ride." We were always going for rides when I was a kid. My dad was a restless soul and was happiest when he was going somewhere.
He grabbed the phone and we hopped into his van. He started driving and dialed the number to my uncle's restaurant. At first he must have heard a staticky voice or noise because he said, "Hello? Adolph?" but the line soon went dead and when he tried again he didn't even get a dial tone.
If any of us had known what a nonprofit was then, we would have joked that he ran a nonprofit. He didn't make much money selling his tortillas and he often gave it away as an advance on hours that would never be worked or a loan that would never be repaid because he had a hard time turning anyone down. He couldn't afford to hire many workers, so he often did most of the work himself. He cooked the corn, ground it into masa, and fed it into machines that cut it into tortillas or chips and cooked it in the massive conveyor ovens. He often made deliveries. When the machines broke, the got out his tools and fixed them. He was also the salesman, the logistics manager, and the human resources director.
And he was the IT guy, which is why when the phone didn't work my dad turned the van around, went back into the factory, and placed it back on its dock, shrugging good-naturedly to hide his disappointment.
Many nonprofits are run like the small businesses I grew up around. A few passionate people who do a lot of everything are the hearts of these organizations. I see it at Idealware. Laura started Idealware in her attic and has grown it into a small collection of staff and experts who share her tireless passion for helping nonprofits make smart technology decisions. The staff's versatility and her leadership across a wide range of projects continues to drive Idealware forward to new and better things.
That's why I'm so pleased to be joining Laura, Chris, and the rest of the Idealware team as the managing writer. It feels familiar to be part of something small and vital. And I'm excited to lend my knowledge and experience to help nonprofits take their missions beyond the range of what they ever thought possible.
Part of my job at Idealware is to manage and edit this blog and I want to make sure a wide range of voices—of both people and other nonprofits—are represented here. Whether you're a technology expert or troubleshooting as you go, I'd like to hear your take on the technology that is helping you meet your mission. Send a brief description of your blog post idea to email@example.com. If it seems like a good fit here, we can work together to bring it to life.
NOTE: We wrote this post at the invitation of our friends at TechSoup, who originally published it on their blog. Please take a moment to visit their site, which is full of great things of interest to nonprofits.
We talk a lot about data at Idealware, and we're not alone — it's a nonprofit buzzword that's showing no sign of fading. More and more organizations are embracing the idea that collecting and measuring data and acting on what they learn from it can improve their work and better their services.
But surprisingly few nonprofits are talking about open data.
That conversation is happening outside the nonprofit sector, however, and even made the news lately as the British government launched an effort to open tremendous amounts of data to the public — including datasets about everything from property records to water levels — in the hope that sharing the information will facilitate its use in a number of ways.
For example, a smartphone app might use real-time data to alert drivers to empty parking spaces in a town lot, or provide traffic and transit updates to commuters. And last week, the British Environment Agency announced it would share real-time water-level measurements taken every 15 minutes with apps that will use them to warn residents to prepare for floods caused by rising rivers.
Another example includes sharing the location of emergency response equipment such as ambulances and defibrillators — information currently spread across different federal and local agencies — to improve emergency response times.
The government is even planning to appoint a chief data officer to manage the effort, earning praise from the Open Data Institute as the most advanced government in the field of open data. But other countries have mounted similar efforts.
According to the Open Data Institute, open data saved Canada $3.2 billion in charity tax fraud, and, in a more pedestrian example, a woman in Denmark used government datasets to build a website showing all the public toilets across the country.
Here in the U.S., local governments are using open data to improve their services. Five years ago, the city of Portland, Oregon followed the precedent set by San Francisco and Chicago when it opened its data to developers.
To facilitate the use of that data, the city hosted a contest to motivate the development community to make use of more than 100 types of datasets it had released — everything from aerial photographs and business licenses to parking meter information, liquor license applications, and street-sweeping routes. (You can see some of the apps generated by the contest at civicapps.org.)
Businesses have also begun to move toward using open data, as have scientists. According to London'sIndependent newspaper, recent research suggests that open data could save more than $200 million in prescription costs by identifying doctors who prescribe branded drugs when cheaper generic medicines are available.
The benefits seem legion, but nonprofits are lagging behind the trend. A Google search of "nonprofit open data" turns up a number of strong pleas advocating for a wider adoption of open data practices in the sector, but fewer actual examples of organizations opening their data to the public.
In an effort to start the conversation, we wrote an article that provides a simple overview of what open data is, what it means for nonprofits, and the benefits and risks of opening data to a wider audience. It's neither in-depth nor comprehensive, but it's a start. Read it here. More examples and ideas about open data are also coming soon from TechSoup.
Now we're asking you to join the conversation. Do you know good examples of nonprofits using open data or sharing their data with the public? Have you done it yourself? What were your results?
Whether you want to advocate for open data or argue against it, let us know what you think either in the comments, on the Idealware Facebook page, or on Twitter (@idealware) using the hashtag #npopendata.
The Idealware "Best of the Web" is a monthly roundup of the top nonprofit resources from the Idealware blog, our Facebook page, and our Twitter feed to help you make the right technology decisions. Please forward it along to anyone you think might benefit from it.Data! Data! Data! Where to Start? (Nonprofit Marketing Guide)
A/B testing your communications is frequently referred to in a way that makes it feel like drawing a line in the sand, separating simple outreach techniques from the sophisticated. This explainer from ePolitics will show you where to begin with A/B testing to help you take your outreach efforts to the next level.
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Photo app flies high but kids game Poppets off to a slow start
"You don't need a weatherman to know which way the wind blows," Bob Dylan sang. But these days, a guide through the seemingly endless flurry of pop culture offerings is just what we need.
Vancouver was treated to a bit of eye candy this week.
Blurred lines indeed. The recent verdict by a federal jury in Los Angeles may have settled one case, but it has ignited a larger debate about creativity and ownership and how to sort out the co-opted from the copied.
BARCELONA, Spain — Down a quiet hall in the mid of a teeming Mobile World Congress in Barcelona this week, select invitees were granted entrance to a look at the future. Only a handful of delegates at a time were ushered into a small room where Huawei introduced them to its full-field communication technology.
Four years ago, The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel proved an engaging if mild diversion, both for mature moviegoers and for its pack of elderly British thespians, who had recently run out of Harry Potter movies in which to appear. Now the cast and crew have reconvened for another kick at the can, which is far better than anything one might kick at their age.
Local software expert Robert Bridson, who has worked on such blockbuster films such as The Hobbit and Planet of The Apes, has won an Academy Award for scientific and technical achievement.
With stress-free shopping and the best in seasonal scenery, and just a short sail from Vancouver, Victoria really dresses up for Christmas. You can take a festive break before the big day and squeeze in some holiday shopping, or check into a hotel near the city's twinkling Inner Harbour to stay a few days and really get into the Christmas spirit.
The ribbons of "Pinktober" are stowed for another year yet its warrior imagery sticks with Susan Anthony, who knows her tumour has spread. "They put it in terms of 'winning the battle,' " says Anthony, 52, during an interview in her Burnaby home.
'Do you know Paris?" The question is shamefully inconsequential, a piece of conversational putty while I am trying to process Dame Maggie Smith's wicked, but entirely truthful, admission that she cannot remember much about her latest film, except that it is set in Paris, and that as usual she plays the part of an old battleaxe.
It's a Halloween scene: three witches, flying on brooms toward a bright moon, high above a little log barn on the east shore of Kootenay Lake.
It's understandably difficult to look at a bunch of young adults running around a field with brooms between their legs as anything but silly, but a new documentary called Mudbloods shows there's a lot of blood, sweat and tears that goes into playing a magical sport.
The Sun's book club is discussing Landing Gear by Kate Pullinger (Random House). Landing Gear is a novel about modern life, focusing on a would-be immigrant from Pakistan who stows away in an airplane's landing gear, jumping out just outside London and landing in a British family's life.
Vancouver horror moviemakers Clif Prowse and Derek Lee said sharing their nightmares at the Toronto International Film Festival Monday night was a dream come true. Their debut film Afflicted chimed in at TIFF's Midnight Madness. The film is in the "found footage" style and stars both Prowse and Lee as they travel the world for a year, with things going very wrong as one of them turns into a vampire after being mysteriously bitten.
Lugging around an advance copy of The Bone Clocks, David Mitchell's doorstop of a novel (that's now on the Booker Prize longlist), and devouring its six weighty sections over July — in cafes, on buses, at parks — drew interest from normally shy or indifferent locals. For the sake of reader edification, then, this review is built upon their questions.
Leonardo DiCaprio's next role will send him into the lush wilderness of Beautiful B.C. in the coming weeks.
Canada will vie for supremacy in an even weirder broom-based sport than curling this weekend, and two Burnaby natives will be right in the thick of things.
The Silkworm, the second novel in the Cormoran Strike series from British writer Robert Galbraith, marks not the start of a promising new mystery series but something more significant: the fulfilment of the promise of the first novel. It does so by building on the foundation set by The Cuckoo's Calling and creating something even more powerful, even more rewarding.
Our neighbours in Alberta appear to be a literate lot, turning to science fiction and fantasy for unique baby names in 2013.The medieval series and HBO hit Game of Thrones contributed the names Arya, Sansa and Daenerys for girls, and Tyrion, Theon and Martell for boys.The Hunger Games trilogy provided inspiration for babies named Peeta, Cato, Rue and Primrose.And the Harry Potter series of books and movies was represented with names such as Hermione, Ginny and Draco.The only one of those names to crack the list in B.C. was Arya, with 30 babies given that name.
If you're looking for an excuse to dress up like your favourite superhero or monster this is it.
Creator Kevin Gillis says he's currently hashing out a possible reboot of the beloved children... »
Discovery has yielded to temptation (and ratings pressure), presenting phony shark attacks as real and... »


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Originally Posted by Dimonite
Guys. I saw a badger today. Today was a good day, regardless of all the unnecessary stress I put myself through due to procrastination.
Did you see any mushrooms as well?
Shin Megami Tensei FS: Season Two!
Additionaly: OOC Thread!
Zodi Plays: The Legend of Zelda Skyward Sword!
Avatar by Elder Tsofu. Thanks!
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Oliver Spencer
Fair Isle Knit Sweater
Unfortunately, this item will not be back in stock.
Oliver Spencer cream wool-blend sweater with a navy blue Fair Isle pattern, ribbed collar, cuffs and hem and button shoulder. Work heritage charm off-duty in this raffish knit; a neat shirt and precision cut trousers will complete an effortless weekend look. Shown here with a Gitman Vintage shirt, Maison Martin Margiela trousers and Opening Ceremony shoes.
- All Clothing
- Blazers
- Casual Shirts
- Coats and Jackets
- Formal Shirts
- Jeans
- Knitwear
- Polos
- Pyjamas
- Shorts
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- Swimwear
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- Trousers
- Tuxedos
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- Product view
- Outfit view


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In one Texas town, officers serve double duty
By Marissa Millender
Times Record News
WICHITA FALLS, Texas — The heated moments of a double murder have settled, and Officer John Laughlin was part of the team that was a key ingredient in saving the third victim's life when the Wichita Falls Police Department's Special Weapons and Tactics team entered the home. But Laughlin, a sniper with the WFPD SWAT team, can't pack up and go back to his Sunday morning routine — it's time to get to work fulfilling the duties of his main job as a detective.
"Last weekend, I was activated for the SWAT call at Rene Circle. I participated with the rescue of that woman," he said. "As soon as everything was made safe, it's time to put my SWAT gear up and return to the scene with my clipboard and begin the investigation."
Laughlin is among the many officers in the WFPD who serves double duty — or more.
Read full story: Wichita Falls officers wear many hats [pictures included]
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Join the discussion
PoliceOne top 5
- 1 10 secrets cops know that most people don't
- 2 Video: Ariz. shootout injures two cops, kills suspect
- 3 Video: Cops, medic, firefighters brawl at T-ball game
- 4 Video: Texas cops fatally shoot man who pulled replica
- 5 Former LA cop involved in OIS shares lessons on deadly force


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Welcome to Inclusion London
Reclaiming Our Futures: what now for disability equality? Conference
Tuesday 14 July 2015,11-4pm
Tuesday 14 July 2015,11-4pm,
Hotel Novotel Sheffield Centre,
50 Arundel Gate,
Sheffield, S1 2PR
Now more than ever Disabled people and our organisations and networks need to work together to protect & defend our rights and develop our own voice and policy ideas.
Power Up
Book your Summer Programme now!
Training and events for London's disability sector
To find out the best training for your organisation, visit the Power Up project.
Summer is here, the warmest season of the year; and its a red hot programme we have lined up for you. So cancel that holiday, you might miss something...!
July is busy busy. Our popular Effective Management Programme (EMT) continues with Project Management Foundation coming up (there will be with another course for more experienced Managers later in the year).
There is a big one for user-led DDPOs - how to assess and communicate your Added Value to funders. PLUS the return of the DDPO Legal Network with a special workshop on the Independent Living Fund and legal rights following its closure. And that's just JULY!!
Book your free place now at Power Up.
Have we helped?
A huge thank you to everyone who took part in our survey.
We will announce the lucky winner of the Luxury hamper very soon.
The fight for Independent Living Fund continues
Watch this film shown at the House of Commons which vividly illustrates disabled people's struggle to maintain independent living.
Promoting equality for Deaf and disabled people in London
Welcome to the website of Inclusion London.
Inclusion London is a pan-London disability equality organisation.
We provide policy, campaigning and capacity-building support for Deaf and disabled people's organisations (DDPOs) in London. Here you'll find information on our work, news and views and details of how to contact us.
Inclusion London promotes equality for London's Deaf and disabled people. Our work is rooted in the Social Model of Disability and the Cultural Model of Deafness.
Inclusion London is charity. We receive funding from London Councils, Big Lottery and Capacity Builders.
To find out what Inclusion London will be doing over the next three years, download a copy of our Strategic Business Plan (Executive Summary).