text:
A method for reducing the molecular weight of polymer comprises subjecting a solid phase polymer to a dose of gamma irradiation sufficient to permit the desired molecular weight reduction to occur.
1. A method for the controlled molecular weight reduction of a high molecular weight polymer consisting of the steps of:
selecting a polymer having an initial molecular weight which exceeds a preselected lower molecular weight, said polymer being in the solid phase, and
subjecting the polymer to irradiation in a dosage amount sufficient to reduce the molecular weight of the polymer to the preselected lower molecular weight to thereby obtain a substantially pure polymer product having a desired molecular weight.
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This invention relates to methods for the controlled molecular weight reduction of polymers using specific amounts of high-energy irradiation, such as gamma irradiation. The methods of this invention permit the direct reduction of the molecular weight of such polymers to preselected lower molecular weight levels with low polydispersity. Polymers which are particularly suitable for use in the present invention include the polyanionic polysaccharides, and more particularly hyaluronic acid ("HA") and carboxymethyl cellulose ("CMC").
Hyaluronic acid is a linear long-chain polysaccharide comprising repeating D-glucuronate and N-acetylglucosamine disaccharide units. Hyaluronic acid is not species specific, and it may be obtained, for example, either by extraction from animal tissues, such as rooster combs and umbilical cords (Klein, J., & Meyer, F. A., 1983, Biochem. & Biophys. Acta, 755(3), 400-411), or by the removal of hyaluronic acid capsular material form bacterial species, e.g. Streptococcus (Van Brunt, J., 1986, Biotechnology, 4, 780-782). Hyaluronic acid from such sources exists as a mixture of different molecular weight species, and the overall molecular weight of the product is expressed as a weight average molecular weight.
Hyaluronic acid has a variety of therapeutic applications, such as its use in ophthalmic surgery and for post-operative adhesion prevention, as well as having potential uses in a number of other areas. The key to many of the uses of hyaluronic acid lies in its hydrodynamic properties (Van Brunt, J., 1986, Biotechnology, 4, 780-782), which produces highly viscous solutions at low concentrations. The viscosity of a hyaluronic acid solution is primarily dependent on the molecular weight, and the concentration of hyaluronic acid in solution.
The viscosity properties may be altered by the dilution of the polymer, but in many applications this approach is not acceptable because a specific concentration of the polymer is required for particular applications. Proposed strategies to produce hyaluronic acid having a variety of preselected molecular weights include the selection of bacterial mutants capable of producing the desired hyaluronic acid molecular weight range, or the alteration of the physiological conditions during growth of a bacterium to enhance the production of a particular molecular weight range. However, neither of these techniques provides both the range and diversity of molecular weight species required for specific applications due to the inherent limitations of these methods.
Alternatively, the reduction of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid to moieties of lower molecular weight may be achieved by enzymatic, chemical or physical means. Enzymatic methods of degrading hyaluronic acid are known, (Hamai, A., et al, 1989, Agric. Biol. Chem. , 53 (8), 2163-2168), but are relatively uncontrollable and tend to broaden the hyaluronic acid molecular weight distribution and therefore increase the polydispersity of the material. This makes the material particularly unsuitable for certain applications where highly defined molecular weight ranges are required. Chemical methods (Harris, M. J., et al, 1972, JACS, 94, 7570-7572), suffer similar problems and, moreover, may result in residual concentrations of the reacting chemicals remaining in a therapeutic product. Fractionation of hyaluronic acid into defined molecular weight species is feasible (Armand, G., & Reyes, M., 1983, Biochem. & Biophys. Res. Comm., 112(1), 168-175), but this is a complex operation which is not easily controllable in large scale manufacturing operations.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,491,227 describes a method for the molecular weight reduction of polysaccharides, such as hyaluronic acid, carboxymethyl cellulose and guar gum, by subjecting the polymers to pressure homogenization in a single pass through the device at pressures ranging from 10 Mpa to 25 Mpa. The hyaluronic acid product obtained as a result of the pressure homogenization has an average molecular weight of from about 1.2 to about 1.5�106D, based upon an initial molecular weight of 1�107D to 2�107D. One potential shortcoming of this method is that it requires the polymer, in this case hyaluronic acid, to be processed in the solution phase. This requires the additional processing step of solidification and drying of the polymer so if, as is typically the case, a powdered product is desired. In addition, some polymers may not be amenable to being readily solubilized, and since this method requires a rather precise measurement of apparent viscosities, this can present processing problems.
The use of irradiation, such as gamma irradiation, to sterilize polymers and non-polymeric materials is known. It is also known that certain types of irradiation can be used to initiate polymerization reactions in certain polymers, and for the addition or substitution of certain pendant groups onto a polymer chain.
European Patent Application No. 269937 describes a process for the controlled preparation of low molecular weight glucosaminoglycans by treating the corresponding high molecular weight glucosaminoglycans with rectilinear gamma radiation at doses within the range of 2.5 to 20 Mrad. The glucosaminoglycans which can be used in this process include heparin, chondroitin sulphate, keratan sulphate and hyaluronic acid, with heparin being the preferred glucosaminoglycan. The gamma radiation is supplied in successive irradiation stages, followed by intervening cooling steps to prevent alteration of the molecular structure of the heparin. The reference is directed to low molecular weight heparin molecules that are reduced to fragments which are claimed to still possess biological activity.
It will be appreciated that it would be desirable to develop an improved process for the molecular weight reduction of high molecular weight polymers, such as hyaluronic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose, to preselected lower values without the necessity of additional purification or other processing steps required in conventional approaches.
The present invention features a method for the reduction in the molecular weight of high molecular weight polymers to substantially lower, preselected levels. The method of this invention comprises subjecting the high molecular weight polymer to a dose of irradiation sufficient to achieve the desired degree of molecular weight reduction. The present method is applied to the polymer in the solid phase, thereby eliminating the necessity of preparing a polymer solution. The use of polymer solutions requires a solubility step which is difficult to perform for some polymers because of their limited solubility and/or the high viscosity of the solutions. The present method also avoids the expense and trouble of solidifying the polymer after the proper molecular weight has been achieved. Using the method of this invention, the molecular weight of polymers can be reduced directly in a controlled and reproducible manner, without the use of chemicals or enzymes that must be subsequently neutralized or removed.
The type and dosage of the irradiation that can be employed in the practice of this invention will vary depending on the type of polymer treated, the degree of molecular weight reduction desired, and the form of the polymer, i.e. whether the polymer is in the form of a salt. The preferred type of irradiation is gamma irradiation, although other types of irradiation, including heat sources, such as microwave irradiation, can also be used. Typically, the dosage of irradiation used will vary from about 1 kGy to about 120 kGy.
In one embodiment, the polymer which can be treated according to the method of this invention is a polysaccharide polymer, preferably hyaluronic acid with an initial molecular weight in the range of from about 3,000 kdaltons to about 1,000 kdaltons. In another embodiment, the polysaccharide polymer is carboxymethyl cellulose with an initial molecular weight in the ranger of from about 300 kdaltons to about 100 kdaltons.
The process of this invention does not require the use of additional processing steps in order to avoid structural changes to the polymer, or to remove impurities which may have been introduced into the polymer preparation as a direct result of the polymer processing.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Although any method and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention, the preferred methods and materials are now described. All publications mentioned hereunder, including published patent applications, and issued or granted patents, are incorporated by reference herein. Unless mentioned otherwise, the techniques employed or contemplated herein are standard methodologies well known to one of ordinary skill in the art. The materials, methods and examples are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting.
Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description, and from the claims.
FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating the decrease in molecular weight of four (4) samples of a hyaluronic acid preparation after exposure to gamma irradiation.
FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating the decrease in molecular weight of four (4) samples of a hyaluronic acid preparation as a function of the log of gamma irradiation dose.
FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the decrease in molecular weight of two (2) samples of a preparation of a carboxymethyl cellulose preparation after exposure to gamma irradiation.
FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the decrease in molecular weight of two (2) samples of a carboxymethyl cellulose preparation as a function of the log of gamma irradiation dose.
FIG. 5 is an FTIR spectrum of a hyaluronic acid powder sample before and after treatment with 90 kGy of gamma irradiation.
FIG. 6 is an FTIR spectrum of a carboxymethyl cellulose powder sample before and after treatment with 90 kGy of gamma irradiation.
The present invention provides a method for the molecular weight reduction of high molecular weight polymers to lower molecular weight polymers based on the discovery that the irradiation dose can be correlated with precision to the final molecular weight of the polymer.
As used herein, the term "high molecular weight" will depend on the type of polymer used in the method, but will generally denote molecular weights in excess of about 100 kdaltons. A "high molecular weight" hyaluronic acid polymer will typically have a molecular weight in the range of from about 1,000 kdaltons to about 3,000 kdaltons. A "high molecular weight" carboxymethyl cellulose polymer, in contrast, will typically have a molecular weight in the range of from about 100 kdaltons to about 300 kdaltons.
The type and amount of irradiation used is dependent on the particular polymer species which is processed according to the invention. The method of this invention is applicable to a wide variety of polymers, but it is particularly applicable to the polyanionic polysaccharides, and most preferably to hyaluronic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose. As used herein, and unless otherwise indicated, the term "polyanionic polysaccharide" denotes a polysaccharide containing more than one negatively charged group, e.g., carboxyl groups at pH values above about pH 4.0. This includes hyaluronic acid ("HA"), any of its hyaluronate salts, including, for example, sodium hyaluronate (the sodium salt), potassium hyaluronate, magnesium hyaluronate, and calcium hyaluronate, carboxymethylcellulose ("CMC"), and mixtures of hyaluronic acid and carboxymethylcellulose ("HA/CMC").
The polymer treated according to this invention is in the solid phase prior to and during treatment. The term "solid phase" includes powders, granules, flakes, particles, and the like, but excluding bulk solid forms such as bars, pellets, extruded shapes, and the like. The irradiation is applied directly to the polymer in the solid phase, and no solution is required. This avoids the necessity of using cooling steps between irradiation treatments, and the necessity of purifying the polymer after treatment.
The effect of irradiation dose on product molecular weight for hyaluronic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose are shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. These Figures show that molecular weights decrease linearly with the natural log of the dose of gamma irradiation. The starting molecular weight of the polymer influences the final molecular weight only at low doses (i.e. up to 30 kGy), as shown in these Figures. This characteristic permits the calculation of the precise amount of irradiation required in order to achieve a preselected final polymer molecular weight based on the known starting molecular weight of the polymer. This type of linear relationship can be developed for a wide variety of polymers of interest, including hyaluronic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose.
The following examples of this aspect of the invention are given by way of illustration and are not intended to limit the invention except as set forth in the appended claims. As shown in the examples, weight average molecular weights ("MW") and polydispersity index ("PI") were measured using Size Exclusion Chromatography coupled to Multiangle Laser Light Scattering ("SEC/MALLS"). PI is defined as the ratio between weight average molecular weight and number average molecular weight (Mw/Mn), and is an accepted measure of the breadth of the molecular weight distribution.
This example illustrates the effect of gamma irradiation on hyaluronic acid powder.
Four (4) lots (Lots A, B, C and D) of medical grade hyaluronic acid powder were subjected to successive doses of gamma irradiation as shown in Table 1 below and in FIGS. 1 and 2. Table 1 shows the effects of the irradiation treatment on the weight average molecular weight (MW) and (PI) of the hyaluronic acid tested. FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate the dependency of the molecular weight on irradiation treatment. The correlation coefficient from linear regression analysis of (R2) of 0.99 is also shown. This data indicates that irradiation dose can be used to predict final molecular weight.
This example illustrates that the technique is predictable, reproducible, and controllable.
One lot of medical grade hyaluronic acid powder was subjected to the same dose of gamma irradiation on three different occasions. The MW and PI of the hyaluronic acid were found to be identical in all three cases.
This example illustrates the absence of a side reaction from the high-energy irradiation of hyaluronic acid such as the deacylation of the acetyl groups in N-acetylglucosamine.
Residual free amine was measured in aqueous solutions of various hyaluronic acid samples by derivatization of any free amine with fluorescamine. The relative fluorescence of the depolymerized samples was compared to the starting hyaluronic acid, and the results are shown in Table 3 below.
A significant increase in the relative fluorescence in the depolymerized hyaluronic acid samples would be indicative of an increased free amine content of the samples. As shown in Table 3, the increase in the free amine content is negligible.
This example illustrates the effect of gamma irradiation on carboxymethyl cellulose powder.
Two (2) lots (Lots A and B) of commercial grade carboxymethyl cellulose powder (Aqualon), with different molecular weights, were subjected to successive doses of high energy irradiation as shown in Table 4 below and FIGS. 3 and 4.
Table 4 shows the effects of the irradiation treatment on the average molecular weight of the carboxymethyl cellulose tested. FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate the dependency of molecular weight and irradiation. A correlation coefficient from linear regression analysis of (R2) of 0.99 is shown. This indicates that irradiation dose can be used to predict final molecular weight
This example is intended to determine whether there have been any gross changes in the functional groups, such as intact amide and carboxyl groups, which are contained on the hyaluronic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose molecules.
Transmission FT/IR spectra was used to identify and monitor chemical changes. Spectra of carbohydrates before and after irradiation treatment were taken and compared. The results are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 for hyaluronic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose, respectively. There are no gross chemical changes in either hyaluronic acid or carboxymethyl cellulose after gamma irradiation as compared to the non-irradiated polymer.
From the above description, one skilled in the art can easily ascertain the essential characteristics of the present invention, and without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, can make various changes and modifications of the invention to adapt it to various usages and conditions. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, the pharmaceutical preparations of the invention can be made using protocols which are within the method of the invention yet are different in particulars from those described herein.
Patent Citations
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The NSW Government is moving to address problems of order at Acmena Juvenile Justice Centre in Grafton, on the state's north coast, where several inmates climbed into the roof and set fires on Sunday.
Topics: prisons-and-punishment, states-and-territories, coffs-harbour-2450, lismore-2480
Pubs and clubs on the NSW north coast have higher than average rates of assault, according to latest figures from the Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research.
Topics: hospitality, drugs-and-substance-abuse, crime, coffs-harbour-2450, lismore-2480
A search will continue today for a five year-old boy who is missing and feared drowned near Grafton.
Topics: police, coffs-harbour-2450, lismore-2480
Orange City Council has endorsed the approval of a new police station, but will lobby the NSw Government for an improved design.
Topics: police, orange-2800
Posted| Updated
Craig Stevens said a huge weight had been lifted from his shoulders after he took out the 400 metres freestyle at the Australian Swimming Championships in Melbourne last night, earning him a place on the Commonwealth Games team.
Topics: swimming, melbourne-3000
Union representatives will meet workers at the Pacific National depot in Parkes today to discuss the impact of a dispute between the two operators - the Patrick and Toll companies.
Topics: transport, unions, orange-2800
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The Mayor of Dubbo says the city can expect more social unrest while programs to curb antisocial behaviour are fine-tuned.
Topics: crime, local-government, orange-2800, dubbo-2830
The Department of Primary Industries is investigating a big fish kill in the Lachlan River upstream of the Lake Cargelligo Weir.
Topics: fishing-aquaculture, orange-2800
Posted| Updated
Martina Hingis will soon be back among the world's elite players after making a strong return to the game in Australia, Maria Sharapova said overnight.
US equity markets have gone into something of a holding pattern ahead of tonight's decision on US interest rates.
Construction is expected to begin shortly on a project to preserve and display one of Armidale's important archaeological sites.
Topics: history, states-and-territories, armidale-2350
Posted| Updated
England fast bowler Simon Jones is taking tips from Australian great Dennis Lillee on his comeback from ankle surgery for the upcoming tour of India.
Topics: cricket, india, united-kingdom
Preparations are under way for a major military exercise off Wollongong and Jervis Bay, on the NSW south coast, later this week.
Topics: defence-forces, wollongong-2500
Police have recaptured a prisoner who escaped from Langi Kal Kal Prison, west of Melbourne, on Sunday night.
Topics: prisons-and-punishment, ballarat-3350
Fire has claimed a two-storey building in Forbes and the building is now in danger of collapsing.
Topics: industrial-fires, forbes-2871, orange-2800
The Queen's baton today heads for the Tweed, in northern NSW, as part of its journey to Melbourne.
Topics: commonwealth-games, lismore-2480, surfers-paradise-4217
Posted| Updated
The Queensland Aboriginal Local Government Association (QALGA) says Indigenous councils will be closely monitoring a move to sack a Gulf of Carpentaria council for financial mismanagement.
Topics: indigenous-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander, local-government, cairns-4870, longreach-4730, mount-isa-4825
A south-east Queensland Labor MP says the word 'multiculturalism' should be abandoned because it implies there is not an Australian culture.
Topics: multiculturalism, hervey-bay-4655, bundaberg-4670
The Tasmanian Government is set to introduce a permit-based mandatory code of practice for rodeos.
Topics: animal-welfare, states-and-territories, animals, launceston-7250
South Africa and Sri Lanka are bracing for a make-or-break encounter when they clash in today's triangular series limited overs cricket match in Perth with Australia already assured of one of two finals berths.
Topics: cricket, perth-6000
Posted| Updated
Bitter Premiership rivals Liverpool and Manchester United were paired together when the draw for the fifth round of the FA Cup was made overnight.
Hollywood superstars Tom Cruise and Jennifer Lopez were united in shame when they topped the list of worst actor nominees in Hollywood's annual spoof of the Oscars, the Razzie Awards.
Topics: offbeat, film-movies, united-states
Efforts to sign up the Northern Territory's nurses to a new employment agreement have been abandoned.
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The Greens say improvements recommended by the Palmer Inquiry into detention centres have not been fully implemented at South Australia's Baxter facility.
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A peak lawyers' group will give evidence before a public inquiry this morning, warning the ACT's proposed anti-terrorism laws breach human rights.
Topics: laws, states-and-territories, judges-and-legal-profession, terrorism, canberra-2600

subset: commoncrawl


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A threatening text message received by a Lexington-Richland School District Five teacher on the same day emergency crews evacuated Irmo High School due to smoke in the building has prompted the district to implement extra security measures and law enforcement to investigate the source of the message.
Read more
Initial approval was granted for just three years. To continue a four-day week, the district — which includes Two Harbors and Silver Bay schools — must prove that the four-day week did not negatively affect students and that it saved a sufficient amount of money.
Recent drug busts and overdose arrests have a lot of people in the Westmoreland County area on edge.
Board member John Messmer said it would provide a great cost savings for the school district and the board will keep the public updated. Solar Planet of Westerville and Constellation Energy are the two companies that have been contacted.
Superintendent of Schools Janet Robinson said Tuesday that Sandy Hook Elementary School probably cannot find another home by the start of the next school year as suitable as the former Chalk Hill Middle School in Monroe.
The Iowa House pushed through Gov. Terry Branstad's education reform package on a party-line vote Wednesday, moving the debate over how teachers are recruited, paid, evaluated and promoted to the Iowa Senate.
News that Gov. Scott Walker's proposed budget includes an expansion of the state's school voucher program intensified opposition not only among Democrats but also school board members.
Struggling schools could face state takeover much more quickly under a wide-ranging bill to overhaul the state's A to F grading system for schools.
At least five Syracuse schools – and possibly as many as seven – will have to replace their principals and at least half their teachers by September.
Advancing school technology is causing a large divide, between those kids with a computer at home and those without.
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Lakes Of Carmel
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- Lakes of Carmel is all about providing you quality of living, the best service, and a community you'll be proud to call home. You'll appreciate the convenience of being close to I-465, hospitals, two major grocery store chains, a variety of dining options, and great shopping. We offer 1 & 2 bedroom apartment homes giving you a choice of six beautiful and very spacious floor plans that will best fit your needs and desires. All of the floor plans provide large rooms, tons of storage, and decorative touches like vaulted ceilings and wood burning fireplaces that add personality to your apartment home. You can also choose to enjoy the beautiful lake views from your private patio or balcony, or challenge your neighbors to a friendly game of tennis, volleyball or basketball. After that you can take a dip in our gorgeous swimming pool, or if you need some more exercise you can enjoy our 24 hour fitness center. You'll love living at Lakes of Carmel so much you'll want to tell your friends and family about us. Call us today.
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- Report: Distance Learning Providers Should Be Regulated By Fewer States, Perhaps Just One
- Report: Barriers to the rise of artificially intelligent tutors at traditional universities
- Report: deep learning requires more attention from policy makers and institutions
- Report: Minority community college students denied access to federal loans
- Report: Robots stack up to human professors in teaching Intro Stats
Advice on Foreign Students
May 11, 2005
Foreign students play a vital role in American graduate education in the sciences, but numerous U.S. policies are failing to help colleges enroll these students, according to a new report from the National Research Council.
The report, released Tuesday, doesn't contain any surprises for those who have followed international education issues. Since 9/11 and the tightening of U.S. visa regulations, colleges have repeatedly pointed out that it has become much more difficult for foreign students to enroll at American institutions. The report also notes that this change has taken place at a time that many other countries have stepped up their recruitment of foreign students.
Among the recommendations in the report:
- Universities should expand fellowship programs to attract foreign students, and orientation programs to help them adjust to life in the United States.
- Universities should collect more data about their foreign students to document their role in higher education and their impact once they obtain their degrees.
- Federal agencies need to change visa regulations so that international students can be admitted to the United States for both long-term study and short-term projects and conferences, without unnecessary delays.
- Federal agencies should make it easier for foreign graduate students to change their visa status once they are in the United States and their circumstances change.
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The National: Heads Of State
Integrity aside, when one of the world's largest and arguably coolest companies asks to feature your music in its commercial, you're pretty much required to oblige. At least, that's what the National did when executives from the Creative Lab-Google's in-house creative marketing agency-approached the band in December. As it turns out, several people at the agency were fans of the band and wanted to integrate its music into an online-only ad for the Google search engine.
"It was something that they created internally and came to us with, like, 'How do you feel about this?' " Barger recalls. "And we all thought it was pretty cool."
The resulting spot is much like Google's "Parisian Love" ad that aired during the 2010 Super Bowl, in which a man searches for several topics ("long distance relationship advice," "how to assemble a crib") connected to the theme of a couple's evolving relationship. In this case, a fan of the National is looking up terms like "the national tour dates" to secure tickets to an upcoming gig. "It was from the perspective of a fan wanting to see the band play, and this is how they get there," Barger says. "It really showed the band in a great light."
"It was basically an ad for the National, and that was kind of weird," Dessner says. "All of our friends back home in Ohio thought we were going be millionaires when they saw it. We had to disavail them of that notion."
A couple of months after the ad ran, the National finally completed "High Violet," ending a grueling and sometimes tense recording process that started in February 2009.
"When you're finishing songs, it's a product of all this internal wrangling, and everybody's shaping it in their own way . . . although I think somehow we've ended up making it sound worse than it was," Dessner says.
The new songs were recorded in a studio that Dessner constructed out of a garage space behind his Victorian-style house in Brooklyn's Ditmas Park neighborhood. Sticking to the band's usual creative process, Dessner composed sketches of songs and sent them to Berninger, who wrote lyrics to whichever pieces of music inspired him. "[Matt] kind of holds back with some of it, so toward the end there were six or seven songs that were fully developed musically that we ended up throwing away because they weren't finished lyrically," Dessner says.
The resulting music on "High Violet" is fairly consistent with the National's prior material, bridging the gap between Joy Division's post-punk dissonance and Bruce Springsteen's varnished heartland rock. The melodies are notably stronger, though, especially in the stirring paranoia-anthem "Afraid of Everyone" and the pulsing dirge "Runaway," where Berninger sings, "What makes you think I'm enjoying being led to the flood?/We got another thing coming undone . . . but I won't be no runaway, because I won't run."
"It's so beautiful and, I think, more orchestrated than 'Boxer' in its own way," Dessner says of "High Violet." "But it's kind of built around these fuzzy guitar textures that make it a little bit rougher or uglier in places."
When it came time to announce the album, the National took a subtle approach by placing cryptic banner ads on key sites like Pitchfork.com that simply read "High Violet" and "May 11." The band later announced that it was responsible for the banners, and on March 10 it unveiled the album's opening track, "Terrible Love," on NBC's "Late Night With Jimmy Fallon," giving the campaign a concrete kickoff point.
"The boys had been there before, and they really enjoyed it and wanted to go back," Barger says. "It played into the whole idea of just putting stuff out there and letting our fans discover it instead of jamming it down their throats." The National followed its televised gig with two shows at Brooklyn's Bell House March 11-12, where it played several new tracks live for the first time to a crowd of its core fans.
The band's official tour kicked off April 22 in Richmond, Va., the day before "High Violet" premiered on the New York Times' website as a full album stream. From there, the National heads to London, with a quick return to the States during week of release for a performance on CBS' "Late Show With David Letterman." Summer dates will include high-profile festival stops at Bonnaroo, Sasquatch, Lollapalooza and Roskilde in Denmark, and the band will play the Austin City Limits Music Festival in the fall.
"We drove ourselves around in a van for years and slept on floors and just had to learn how to convert those five people in a bar," Dessner says. "We have a lot more creature comforts as a band now, buses and that sort of thing . . . but we've seen the other side of it, too."
The National's force as a live act has been pivotal to its growth through the years, especially since it opened for R.E.M. in 2008. "Michael [Stipe] was very vocal onstage supporting us, and I think it helped," Dessner says. Barger adds, "Most people who are big fans of the National have a personal relationship with the music, and they find Matt's lyrics very relevant to their own lives. So whereas with a lot of other bands it's as much about going out for a nice show, people have a personal connection with the National and want to see their albums played live."
Dessner agrees. "We don't have casual fans. They are pretty intense, and a lot of them like that because it doesn't seem like we benefitted from any trends."
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Businesses spring to life around iPod
Ellen Lee for Contra Costa Times has written an article about the cottage industry which has spawned from the creation of the iPod - well known accessory makers DLO, Ten Technology, and Speck Products were mentioned.
"The iPod was the ubiquitous item at last week's annual Macworld Conference and Expo in San Francisco. Manning the floor were no less than a dozen exhibitors piggy-backing on the growing popularity of the iPod, selling accessories such as rainbow-colored "skins" to clothe the device and an add-on by Belkin to convert the iPod into a voice recorder."
Related Stories
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Posted by Dennis Lloyd in Irvine, CA on January 11, 2004 at 11:17 AM (CST)
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Local Sports
Pacers Defeat Short-Handed BullsINDIANAPOLIS (AP) - David West
scored 29 points and Paul George had 21 points, 11 rebounds and five assists,
leading Indiana past short-handed Chicago 111-101 on Monday night, and into a
share of the Central Division lead.
Pacers have won three straight and extended their home winning streak to 14,
matching the team's longest since 2002-03.
Marco Belinelli had a season-high 24
points and Nate Robinson had 19 to lead the Bulls, who lost for only the third
time in nine games. The Bulls played again without starting guards Kirk Hinrich
(elbow), Derrick Rose (knee) and center Joakim Noah (foot). The Bulls also
survived a scare when Marco Belinelli crashed to the floor clutching his right
ankle late in the first quarter.
Indiana seized control with a 15-4 run in
the third quarter that made it 79-67 with 4:13 to go. Chicago never got closer
than four the rest of the way.
See other LocalSports news:SI Bandits 6th At State Tournament...
Salem Junior & Senior Legion Teams Return To Action...
Jr Legion Weekend Results....
Senior Legion Scores From The Weekend...
CYFL To Hold Registration This Week...


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BANKRUPTCY Offermans Parners Turnaround + Solvency Solutions 1 BANKRUPTCY Bankruptcy is the process of administering the Estate of a person who is unable to pay their debts as and when they fall due (i.e. Insolvent). The key stakeholders in a Bankruptcy are the: day as the petition is accepted by the Official Receiver at ITSA. • Bankrupt; • Trustee; and Creditor's Petition • Creditors (secured and unsecured). A Creditor makes an application to the Federal Each has a role to play and must understand Court or Federal Magistrates Court to Bankrupt their responsibilities, obligations, the timing of a Debtor. The process of making a person required actions and the ramifications of non- Bankrupt by way of a Creditor's Petition usually delivery. involves the following steps: Bankruptcy provides the mechanism for the 1. A person incurs debt and does not repay following objectives to be met: the debt. A Statutory threshold is set by the Government. • Provide relief to the Debtor (i.e. Bankrupt) by enabling them to be released from the 2. The Creditor obtains a judgment of a Court burden of their liabilities and an opportunity to confirm the debt owed by the person for a fresh start (after due process); (Debtor). • Provide equitable distribution of essentially 3. The Creditor obtains a Bankruptcy Notice all the Bankrupt's assets to all Creditors; and serves this upon the Debtor requiring and payment within a set time period. • Enable an investigation of the Bankrupt's affairs and the circumstances leading up to 4. If the Debtor does not pay within the time their insolvency. period set in the Bankruptcy Notice, the Creditor obtains a Creditor's Petition, which Becoming a Bankrupt is filed with the Court and served upon the Debtor. It sets a hearing date at which the There are two ways in which a person may Court will determine if the Debtor should be become a Bankrupt, via a Debtor's Petition made Bankrupt. (voluntary) or a Creditor's Petition (involuntary). 5. If an agreement is not reached between Debtor's Petition the parties prior to the Court hearing or This process involves the Debtor completing the Debtor does not raise a defence to the and lodging a Debtor's Petition and Statement Creditor's Claim that is accepted by the of Affairs with the Official Receiver at the Court, the Court issues a Sequestration Insolvency and Trustee Service Australia (ITSA). Order against the Estate of the Debtor, The Debtor becomes Bankrupt on the same resulting in the Debtor becoming Bankrupt. 2 Offermans Parners Turnaround + Solvency Solutions Choice of Trustee bank to forward such funds to the Trustee. • Assess the Bankrupt's income annually and if The person who handles the administration of it is above a certain base level, the Bankrupt the Bankrupt Estate is called the Trustee. will be required to make contributions to The Trustee can either be a Registered Trustee the Trustee. The Bankrupt is required to (private individual) or the Official Trustee (a contribute 50% of any net income earned in Government Institution) who primarily performs excess of the threshold amount. as a safety valve and acts where a Registered • Notify Creditors within 28 days of receipt of Trustee has not consented to act as Trustee of the Bankrupt's Statement of Affairs advising the Bankrupt Estate. of the Bankruptcy and providing a summary of the Statement of Affairs. A Registered Trustee is therefore only appointed • If necessary, convene a meeting of when he or she consents to act as the Trustee Creditors to discuss the Debtor's affairs and with their consent filed either by: circumstances leading up to the Bankruptcy. • The Debtor in conjunction with the Debtor's • Hold periodic discussions with the Bankrupt Petition and Statement of Affairs, or concerning his/her affairs and in certain • The Creditor in conjunction with the Creditor's circumstances will discuss with the Bankrupt Petition. putting a proposal to their Creditors for the annulment of the Bankruptcy. It should be noted that both the Official Trustee and Registered Trustee have the same obligations • Where necessary, examine the Bankrupt in respect of administering a Bankruptcy and that and other related parties with a view to remuneration of both is drawn from the Bankrupt discovering any undisclosed property owned Estate where monies are available. by the Bankrupt or establishing offences, which the Bankrupt may have committed. • Pay dividends to Creditors as expediently as Functions of a Trustee possible. The Bankruptcy Act establishes the functions • Monitor the Bankrupt's affairs for the period of the Trustee. The Trustee is an Officer of the of the Bankruptcy to ensure "after acquired" Court and is obligated to thoroughly discharge property such as an inheritance or a windfall his/her duties. The functions of a Trustee include gain is correctly distributed to Creditors. but are not limited to: • Request the Bankrupt to complete various income and asset questionnaires. • Carry out searches to determine the existence of any assets that may be owned by the Bankrupt. These searches will include motor vehicle, property, boats and Australian Securities and Investment Commission (ASIC). • Enquires with banks as to the existence of any accounts either jointly or individually in the name of the Bankrupt and request the Offermans Parners Turnaround + Solvency Solutions 3 What happens upon Bankruptcy? Effect on the Bankrupt Control of the assets vest in the Trustee For the period of Bankruptcy, the Bankrupt Upon becoming Bankrupt, the Bankrupt's must: divisible property vests in the Trustee. This • Complete and file with the Official Receiver means that with the exception of certain assets a Statement of Affairs, detailing among other that are listed in a later section, all property the things, the Bankrupt's financial position Bankrupt owns, has a right to, or an interest in, or (assets and liabilities); acquired during the Bankruptcy, is in the control • Provide details of his/her income as required of the Trustee. by the Trustee and in some instances contribute a percentage of income to the Exempt Property Estate; As mentioned, not all property vests in the • Give such information about his/her conduct Trustee. Property that does not vest includes: and examinable affairs as the Trustee • Property held by the Bankrupt in trust for requires; another person; • Give to the Trustee all books and records • Necessary household property and effects; relating to his/her examinable affairs; • Items used by the Bankrupt in earning income • Attend upon the Trustee when required; by personal exertion (i.e. tools of trade) to the • Surrender their passport to the Trustee; value of $3,350 (this is an indexed amount • Obtain the Trustee's approval to travel and will change over time); overseas; • A motor vehicle to the value of $6,700 used • Attend a meeting of Creditors and provide by the Bankrupt primarily as a means of information if required by the Trustee; transport (this is an indexed amount and will • Execute such documents as the Trustee or change over time); the Court orders; • A Bankrupt's interest in a regulated • Disclose to the Trustee all assets and superannuation fund or an approved liabilities as soon as practicable including deposit fund or policies of life assurance or any "after acquired" divisible property; endowment assurance in respect of the life of the Bankrupt or the Bankrupt's spouse • Not obtain credit exceeding $4,692 (CPI except superannuation funds relating to adjusted) without disclosing the Bankruptcy contributions made to defeat creditors; to the credit provider; • Any right of the Bankrupt to recover damages • Comply with directions of the Trustee; or compensation for personal injury or • Advise current address and daytime wrong done to the Bankrupt or their family telephone number to the Trustee; or in respect of a death of a member of the • Not sell or otherwise deal with any property Bankrupt's family; and existing as at the date of Bankruptcy as all • Amounts paid to the Bankrupt under a scheme divisible property vests in the Trustee; or established between the Commonwealth • Not take part in the Management of a and the States under the Grants (Rural Company without the leave of the Court. Reconstruction) Act 1971 being amounts paid by way of a loan as assistance for the purpose of rehabilitation. 4 Offermans Parners Turnaround + Solvency Solutions Effect on Creditors Creditor's rights in a Bankruptcy A Creditor can obtain information from the Trustee Unsecured Creditors about the administration of the Estate, requiring The major effect Bankruptcy has on unsecured a Trustee to call a meeting of Creditors in some Creditors is that Creditors are no longer able circumstances, remove a Trustee via process or to pursue the Bankrupt for outstanding debts appeal to the Court against a Trustee's decision unless permission of the Court is obtained. In and fix and review the Trustee's remuneration. addition, unsecured Creditors are no longer able to enforce remedies against property of the Bankrupt as the property vests in the Trustee for Term of Bankruptcy the benefit of all Creditors. The standard period of Bankruptcy is three years from the date of the filing of the Statement of Creditors' rights against the Bankrupt lie in Affairs. their ability to claim in the Bankrupt Estate and participate in any dividend that may be paid It is important to note, that where the Bankruptcy from funds recovered by the Trustee. Upon is initiated via a Creditor's Petition and the the Bankrupt's discharge from Bankruptcy, the Court issues a Sequestration Order deeming Bankrupt receives a release from provable debts the person Bankrupt, the Bankruptcy period generally. does not start until the filing of the Statement of Affairs. In some cases where a Bankrupt will not Some debts will not be extinguished as a result of co-operate and file a Statement of Affairs, the the Bankruptcy such as those incurred by means person can remain Bankrupt indefinitely. of fraud, penalties or fines imposed by a Court, sums payable under a maintenance agreement or order and HECS debts. Annulment of Bankruptcy Secured Creditors An Annulment means that the Bankruptcy is taken to have never occurred and whilst Secured Creditors with valid security are able this is not strictly speaking the case, it does to enforce their rights pursuant to the charges carry weight with financiers and indicates or securities they hold over assets of the creditworthiness over and above a "discharge" Bankrupt. from a Bankruptcy. Secured Creditors are entitled to claim as an A Bankruptcy can be annulled in instances unsecured Creditor in the Bankrupt's Estate for where: the amount by which their debt exceeds the value of the property over which they hold security. 1. All the Creditor's debts and subsequent costs of the Bankruptcy Administration have Where a secured Creditor has realised its been paid in full; security, it may lodge a claim in the Bankrupt's Estate for any resultant deficiency. 2. The Bankrupt puts forward a proposal through the Trustee to the Creditors and the proposal is accepted by the Creditors by special resolution (see below); or 3. By an Order of the Court. Offermans Parners Turnaround + Solvency Solutions 5 Composition or Arrangement with The law in regard to antecedent or voidable transactions is complex and the relevant Creditors – Section 73 proposals transactions must occur within specific A proposal pursuant to Section 73 of the Act is timeframes. To recover one of the above effectively a Part X proposal within a Bankruptcy. transactions, a Trustee will generally write A proposal may be in the form of a composition or to the relevant party stating the case why the a scheme of arrangement. This process involves Trustee assesses the transaction is voidable. the Bankrupt agreeing to terms with Creditors If a settlement cannot be reached between through the Trustee to make a payment or the parties, a Trustee must seek recovery via payments to Creditors, which they accept in full issuing a notice that is obtained from the Official and final satisfaction of their debt. In this case, Receiver or by an Order of the Court. the Bankruptcy is annulled upon the Creditors accepting the Bankrupt's proposal at a meeting Distributions / Dividends to convened to consider the proposal. Creditors It does not have to represent a payment of 100 The Trustee will collect the funds and/or property cents in the dollar and may include a payment by available in the Bankrupt Estate and distribute it way of a lump sum or over a period of time. to Creditors when the Trustee believes sufficient The Trustee shall convene a meeting of funds are available. creditors to consider the Bankrupt's proposal The Bankruptcy Act provides that prior to and is obligated to form an opinion in respect the payment of a dividend, the Trustee must of the proposal offered by the Bankrupt. The issue a notice to those Creditors who have not Trustee can ask for any approved outstanding lodged a formal claim (known as Proof of Debt), remuneration and funds to cover the cost of requiring them to lodge a claim by a certain convening the meeting, to be paid prior to date. If Creditors do not lodge a formal claim by convening the meeting. the required date, they may be excluded from receiving a dividend. The Trustee must then wait Antecedent / Voidable a further 21 days (after the date by which claims Transactions must be lodged) before the dividend is paid. The Bankruptcy Act allows for certain The Bankruptcy Act provides for certain priorities transactions that occur prior to the Bankruptcy to be applied to different classes of Creditors to be recovered by a Trustee. Such transactions when a dividend is paid. The funds available to are often referred to as antecedent or voidable pay a dividend are to be distributed according to transactions. The main reason for these these priorities. provisions in the Bankruptcy Act are to ensure assets of the Bankrupt that would be recoverable in a Bankruptcy, but have been disposed of prior to Bankruptcy, can be "clawed back" and received by a Trustee with proceeds distributed to Creditors. This ensures no Creditors or other persons receive an unfair priority or benefit. 6 Offermans Parners Turnaround + Solvency Solutions Public Record Bankruptcy details are available to the public via a Government database known as the National Personal Insolvency Index ('NPII') and usually on databases of credit reference agencies. Access to the Government database can be obtained by contacting ITSA or information brokers such as Australian Business Research ('ABR'). Details of the Bankrupt's name, address, date of birth, occupation and the number of the Bankrupt's Estate will remain on the NPII forever. Disclaimer: The information presented in this brochure is a broad outline of the Bankruptcy provisions of the Bankruptcy Act. As is the case with all such matters any interested parties should rely upon the formal advice of their Solicitor. Offermans Parners Turnaround + Solvency Solutions 7 CONTACT DETAILS Email firstname.lastname@example.com Web www.offermans.com.au TOWNSVILLE Level 7 61–73 Sturt Street PO BOX 2424 Townsville Qld 4810 Ph (07) 4724 0000 Fax (07) 4724 0060 MACKAY Turnaround Street Mackay Qld 4740 Ph (07) 4957 3544 Fax (07) 4957 5433 8 Offermans Parners 134 Victoria + Solvency Solutions
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Acura Integra Type-R - Road Test
Acura Integra Type-R - Road Test
This Limited-Production Sport Coupe Gives Enthusiasts Something To Get Revved Up About
Jeff Karr
Photos By Bill Cash, David Dewhurst
From the March 1997 issue of Motor Trend
Read our most recent
Acura Integra review
Acura's new Integra Type-R was born to rev. Provided you're driver enough to play the close-ratio gearbox like a virtuoso to keep the forged crankshaft spooled up, this white-hot sports missile will give you a double shot of Honda/Acura race-car energy. Maximum horsepower hits at 8000 rpm, and maximum torque arrives at a dizzy 7500 rpm. You'd best be ready to rev.
More on Motortrend.com:
Busted! LoJack's Top 10 Auto Recoveries of 2011
This isn't a driving experience for everyone, of course. Nor could it be for everyone, since just 500 copies of the Championship White Type-R have been allotted for the U.S. this year. Sitting atop the Integra coupe line (RS, LS, GS, GS-R), the Type-R most assuredly is aimed at the lunatic fringe. The fringe certainly will appreciate the gesture on Acura's part. With an estimated base price of between $23,000 and $25,000, the Type-R is a formidable sport coupe-and more capable and refined than anything you could build for yourself out of a GS-R coupe for the same money.
Racetrack performance ruled virtually all design decisions in the development of the Type-R. Engineers first stripped out 147 pounds-stuff such as air conditioning (still available as a dealer-installed option), sunroof, cruise control, an assortment of noise- and vibration-reduction items, and other odds and ends. Then they added 55 pounds of performance enhancements such as bigger brakes, a limited-slip differential, body reinforcements, five-lug hubs with bigger wheel bearings, and other tweaks. Overall, the Type-R is 92 pounds lighter than a GS-R, but tons more serious.
More on Automobilemag.com:
LoJack Compiles its Top 10 Most Remarkable Auto Recoveries
The Type-R sits 15 millimeters lower than the GS-R and rides on firmer, retuned suspension carried in bushings that are five times stiffer. The tires are V-rated sum-mer Bridgestone Potenza 195/55VR15 RE010s. Body refinements reduce aerodynamic drag slightly, cut lift by 30 percent, and for steering precision, put 60 percent of the downforce on the front end, and 40 percent on the rear. The GS-R has just the opposite aero balance; in that model, stability rules.
Naturally, all this effort on the chassis side is mirrored under the hood. The Type-R's 1.8-liter inline-four is no larger than the GS-R's, but it generates an extra 25 horsepower, hitting a peak of 195 horses at 8000 rpm. Torque is just two pound-feet better than that of the GS-R engine, and the 130-pound-foot crest arrives at 7500 rpm instead of 6200. Shortened close-ratio gearing keeps the Type-R on the boil: In fifth gear, a busy 3250 rpm shows on the tach at 60 mph.
Extensive changes make the Type-R's unprecedented 108.5-horsepower-per-liter output possible. It inhales through an enlarged throttle body and hand-polished ports; high-compression, low-friction pistons reach peak speeds even higher than in Honda's Formula One and CART engines. The wondrous VTEC valve gear lets Acura engineers go after all-out peak power with high-lift, long-duration valve timing at high rpm while retaining far milder timing for good torque at low and mid rpm. A less restrictive exhaust flows 30 percent better than that in the GS-R.
With increased horsepower and rpm, stresses increase in lock-step. Multiple improvements to the crankshaft, connecting rods, pressure die-cast aluminum block, valve gear, oiling system, and other components keep the Type-R whole.
A best 0-60-mph run of 7.0 seconds hints at the effectiveness of the engine work, clipping 0.1 second off the quickest we've squeezed from a GS-R. Likewise, the quarter-mile performance has improved, dipping to 15.3 seconds, with a terminal speed of 93.4 mph. The GS-R (15.5 seconds/91.4 mph) is noticeably off that pace. The Type-R's handling is every bit as impressive, logging a solid 0.92 g on the skidpad, jinking through the slalom to the tune of 67.8 mph, and stopping from 60 mph in just 121 feet.
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The Hottest Male Singers
List Criteria: Only handsome singers
Who are the hottest male singers of all time? The gorgeous specimens on this list certainly qualify, and these photos prove it! These guys, quite simply, are smoking hot, and several are among the best rock vocalists ever. Along with musical talent, they possess incredible good looks that just serve to enhance their incredible charisma. Which of these awesome sexy singers is the most beautiful? You decide, with your votes. Oh, and remember: You can re-rank this list of hot musical dudes any way you want.
The male musicians on this list are without a doubt among the sexiest artists of all time. From the smouldering good looks of Lenny Kravitz to the soulful hotness of Justin Timberlake, being hot just seems to come naturally to these stars. These gifted musical artists have, in some cases, won as many Grammy Awards as they have hearts over the years.
Who's your top choice? A famous crooner like Michael Buble, a pop frontman like Adam Levine or a hair band rocker like Jon Bon Jovi? Enjoy the voting.
- 21 ReRanks
- Women
- Men
- Age
- Region
- See list ranked by
- Tip: Navigate with your { left and right } arrow keys1+ 1341- 853
Genres (Music): Pop music, Neo soul, Rock music, Contemporary R&B, Rhythm and blues + 5 more
Albums: Yesterday, Lost Stars
Nationality: United States of America
Labels: A&M Octone Records, A&M Records
Career Began: Los Angeles, California, United States of America
Adam Levine : see morel< << PREV 1 of 75 NEXT >>


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Kidsday 'kicks it' with actor Leo Howard
Leo Howard from the Disney TV show ?Kickin? It? met with Kidsday reporters Jason Ambos, Karly Ferazi, Shanadj Harold-Rig and Angelique Hernandez, at the ABC offices in Manhattan. Videojournalist: Pat Mullooly (June 12, 2013)
New LIRR cars short on space for crash technology Surfers test the waters at Ditch Plains in Montauk Gurney's Montauk Resort & Seawater Spa celebrates summer Oceanside man arrested on fireworks violations Cops: Merrick woman charged in Freeport hit-and-run death Woman dies in Deer Park house fire After 5-year hiatus, July 4th Fireworks at Jones Beach Historic shift underway for disabled workers Tall Ships arrive for festival in Greenport Summertime is here Working on the atomic bomb Religious communities feast together at Westbury interfaith iftar


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NVIDIA Tegra Note tablet platform goes official
NVIDIA took the wraps off the 7" Tegra Note complete tablet platform. Designed by the chip manufacturer, the Tegra Note will be brought to market by NVIDIA's partners with a starting suggested retail price of $199.
Unsurprisingly, the NVIDIA Tegra Note is powered by a Tegra 4 SoC with quad-core Cortex-A15 CPU and 72-core GeForce GPU.


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In all, there are more than 22,000 inmates in Wisconsin's prison system. About 19,000 of them have been sentenced 2000, when truth-in-sentencing laws took effect. They are not eligible for parole. About 2,800 inmates are eligible for parole, including 400 housed in minimum security. A
State law gives the parole board the authority to release them. But in practice, a little-known administrative rule at the Department of Corrections transfers that authority to prison employees. This graphic provides a closer look at parole-eligible inmates.
- Related story: Secretive system keeps parole-eligible inmates behind bars


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perfect calendar for a desk.. and also you can play with it when you're having a slow dayPublished 4 months ago by luis
Fun calendar that you let's you make it differently each month, but much smaller than expected.Published 5 months ago by Takiyah khabir
Perfect and a blast to put together. We made a night of building this along with a bunch of other pieces we bought. Thanks.Published 5 months ago by Petie Bianca
This is a really neat gift for a coworker. I must tell you that this is really small it fits in the palm of your hand and there are no instructions as they say, but you do get a... Read morePublished 6 months ago by Ardied
really small
like... too small to be useful...
a guy must've created this


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Excellent article over at First Things by Carl Trueman:
As the revolution in the understanding of human identity and its concomitant reordering of the hierarchy of moral goods proceeds apace, the challenge to the Christians in the wider world is obvious: That which has been historically normative in the West (Christianity's cultural dominance) is being shown to have been theologically exceptional. We are being once more made conscious of what was obvious to first-century Christians: the fundamental difference that exists between the city of man and the city of God.
To borrow a phrase from Dean Acheson, we have lost an empire and have yet to find a role. The loss of status is sudden and deep, a shock no doubt to the naive who did not realize that, hey, the world does not like being told that man/woman/trans (delete where applicable) is not the measure of all things. The churchmen, the academics, the Presidents of Christian liberal arts colleges who thought their status would always give them a place at the cultural table are discovering to their horror that those who perhaps simply rolled their eyes at belief in the Resurrection are somewhat less indulgent when it comes to dissent over identity politics. In a public square dominated by emotive polarization of opinion, policed by the pitchfork wielding mobs of pop culture, and increasingly refereed by the law courts rather than the ballot box, places at the table are by invitation only. And guess what? Christians are no longer on the guest list.
So what is to be done? I would suggest simply this: That the Church is to continue to confess her faith and to do so faithfully. This is not a call for cultural capitulation, for the Church's act of confession has always had a twofold aspect . . .


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29 year old woman | Willowbrook, IL, USA | Seeking men 26-32 within 15 miles
Just searching!
How can summing yourself up be so hard?! :) I am very goal driven. I don't settle. I know what I want and what I expect of myself. I'm a nurse and currently am 1 year away from being a family nurse practitioner. School keeps me a little busy! I love my career.Some say that I have a complex that I need to "take care of things" so this time I am 100% looking for something that is easy not complicated. I love animals. Seriously, if you don't... stop reading. If I won the lottery I'd move out to the middle of no where and have a farm! I'm a simple girl but I do like nice things and just a fair warning.... I like to shop!! I love country music but I also like everything else. My Pandora has 90's hip hop to dance music! I love to dance (and you should too!!). I love summer time, concerts, the beach.... School has monopolized most of this past decade. When I'm done with school, I want to travel more. I want to see the world and enjoy what's left of my 20's!! I just got out of a 6 year old relationship so the idea of dating is still kind of weird for me. What do I want?? Well- I want a dancing partner. Someone who isn't afraid to be a lil goofy, try new things. Someone who likes to go out but also who I can curl up on a couch with drink beer and watch tv.
Coffee and conversation , Movies/Videos , Exploring new areas , Nightclubs/Dancing , Performing arts
Dancing, Other types of exercise, Running, Walking / Hiking
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
I have Birds, Dogs
Middle of the Road
I went to Maui a few years ago and cannot wait to go back. Places on my to visit list: Australia, New Zealand, South Africa
Concerts, the beach, bars, any kind of dancing, reading, running,
School stuff!! :(
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What she is looking for
|5'4" (162cms)
|5'7" (170cms) to 6'2" (187cms)
|Body type:
|About average, Athletic and toned
|No preference
|Light brown
|No preference
|No Way
|No Way
|Social Drinker
|No preference
|Medical / Dental / Veterinary / Fitness
|No preference
|I'll tell you later
|No preference
|Never Married
|No preference
|Have kids:
|No preference
|Wants kids:
|Not sure
|No preference
|White / Caucasian
|No preference
|I'll tell you later
|No preference
|English, Other
|Bachelors degree
|No preference
I'm in grad school to be a Family Nurse Practitioner


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Ballston Spa
Written by residents of Ballston Spa
Monthly Archive for November, 2009
Festival Of Trees to Feature Musical Entertainment
The BSBPA is sponsoring the Festival of Trees December 4th – 6th at St. Mary's School gymnasium. Those attending can enjoy the following special musical performances during the festival: Saratoga Soundtrack Chorus, a women's four-part harmony a capella singing group performs holiday songs on Friday evening at 7:30 and 8:30 pm. The Straight Eights Quintet […] [Read More]
Raw milk in Ballston Spa
This morning I looked in my refrigerator and saw that it was time to pick up some more milk. For me that's not a quick trip over to Stewart's. Instead I take my twice a week drive over to Willow Marsh Farm on Hop City Road and pick up a fresh gallon of "raw" unpasteurized […] [Read More]
Ballston Spa Film Festival gets grant, seeks entries.
The third annual Ballston Spa Film Festival has received a grant of $1000 from the Saratoga Gaming and Raceway Foundation. The 2009 festival had received a similar grant from the organization which aims to support groups and events that contribute to "the betterment of the quality of life, health and welfare of the residents of […] [Read More]
Ice Skating is back and needs volunteers.
Ice Skating Coming Soon for 2010! The Ballston Area Recreation Center will once again offer free ice skating. The season will start Friday, January 1st (weather permitting) and run through Sunday, March 7th. The shifts will be Thursdays and Fridays 4-7; Saturdays 12-3; 3-6 and 6-9 and Sundays 12-3 and 3-6. Skating is only open […] [Read More]
Ballston Spa's Daily Population Boom
For a village of about 5,500 people to get an influx of 1300 more people is a big deal right? Did you know exactly that happens everyday in the village of friends? To be fair it happens every workday from 9-5. That's when the employees of the various agencies in the Saratoga County offices are […] [Read More]
Fireworks cause panic, Ballston Spa High student arrested
BALLSTON SPA — A fireworks explosion inside Ballston Spa High School terrorized some students into thinking a Columbine-style massacre was taking place, authorities said. Thursday morning, a student threw several fireworks into a crowded hallway or cafeteria, creating a massive panic that sent students fleeing, authorities said. "The students believed that they were gunshots being […] [Read More]
November's BSBPA Breakfast Mixer
The Ballston Spa Business and Professional Association held its monthly Breakfast mixer at Happy Hands and Corina Contemporary Jewelry this morning. Area professionals gathered to network and nosh. Corina Oberai cooked a selection of tasty breakfast items including a great breakfast pizza. Corina her husband Rob and their daughter moved to the village in 2006 […] [Read More]
Ballston Spa's Festival of Trees.
December 4th through 6th the Ballston Spa Business and Professional Association will hold the Festival of Trees in the gym at St. Mary's School. The three day event is a great place to find unique gift items not to mention one-of-a kind decorated Christmas trees. And it's not too late to get involved. You or […] [Read More]
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Journal of Financial Markets
Co-Editors: T. Chordia, A. Goyal, G. SaarView full editorial board
The Journal of Financial Markets publishes high quality original research on applied and theoretical issues related to securities trading and pricing. Area of coverage includes the analysis and design of trading mechanisms, optimal order placement strategies, the role of information in securities markets, financial intermediation as it relates to securities investments - for example, the structure of brokerage and mutual fund industries, and analyses of short and long run horizon price behaviour. The journal strives to maintain a balance between theoretical and empirical work, and aims to provide prompt and constructive reviews to paper submitters.
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- Illiquidity and stock returns: cross-section and time-series effectsYakov Amihud
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- High-frequency tradingTarun Chordia | Amit Goyal | …
- Exploiting stochastic dominance to generate abnormal stock returnsEphraim Clark | Konstantinos Kassimatis
- On variance bounds for asset price changes
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Enjoy wacky comedy act, The Midnight Beast.
Wow. Well, at least they're not American. That kind of makes it okay somehow.
i was expecting worse.
my initial impression of Mt. Eden is "no fun zone". So i guess these guys would have the edge.
Stefan James Donald John Abingdon (born 19 January 1989) is a graduate of The BRIT School for Performing Arts & Technology. Abingdon is a multi-instrumentalist, and can be seen playing acoustic and electric guitars,[2][3] keyboards[4] and ukeleles[5] in YouTube videos with his various bands. Prior to the formation of TMB, Abingdon was a member of numerous non-comedic music projects, which spanned a number of genres, including Ink, Killafornia, R.U.Twin, Icarus Burning, Stefan & The Artschool, Trick Fantastic, The Clik Clik, Perfect People, and Chapters, as well as recording songs as a solo act. In 2010, Abingdon recorded Drunk Girls for the soundtrack of British crime drama 18.104.22.168, and in 2011, Abingdon co-wrote and produced the title track for Selena Gomez & the Scene's third studio album When the Sun Goes Down.
Look at all the names that guy has.
And I thought having two middle names was bad.
4/8 Ride @ The Roxy, 4/10 St. Vincent @ The Cosmopolitan, 4/14 Barry Manilow @ Staples Center, 5/2 Desert Daze, 5/8-10 Levitation, 5/16 The Juan Maclean @ The Regent, 6/10 Emmy the Great @ Hotel Cafe, 6/12 Emmy the Great @ Hotel Utah
To be fair, this is only a step below License To Ill era Beastie Boys.
But yeah, pretty puzzling booking.
It's the unfunny british version of lonely island!
Just might be the worst act ever booked for the fest.
4/8 Ride @ The Roxy, 4/10 St. Vincent @ The Cosmopolitan, 4/14 Barry Manilow @ Staples Center, 5/2 Desert Daze, 5/8-10 Levitation, 5/16 The Juan Maclean @ The Regent, 6/10 Emmy the Great @ Hotel Cafe, 6/12 Emmy the Great @ Hotel Utah
Learn how to have fun you curmudgeony hipster pieces of trash.
5/22: Move D, Reaganz, Sassmouth @ Monarch
5/28: Refused, White Lung @ GAMH
5/29: Spoon @ The Fox Theater, Oakland
5/29: Max Cooper EMERGENCE @ PW
5/30: Neutral Milk Hotel @ Pappy & Harriet's
6/2: Kiasmos ft. Olafur Arnalds, Rival Consoles @ The Independent
6/6: Matthew Dear, Daniel Bortz @ Public Works
6/12: Christian Loeffler @ TBA
6/17: Clap Your Hands Say Yeah @ The Independent
6/21: Underworld, Jungle @ The Hollywood Bowl
6/25: Until the Ribbon Breaks @ The Rickshaw Stop
My 9 year old is looking forward to these guys. I think he's the target audience. Most kids would outgrow The Midnight Beast by 14.
take ten hits of acid and start a fight at this set
They have a video rapping about Harry Potter.
I really hope it was a bunch of GV executives sitting on a round table and one said, "Speaking of new artists for this festival, my 8 year old daughter Amber, recently told me about an upcoming youtube sensation from the UK. I think its a no brainer gentlemen."
Flight Facilities 02/25 @ Fonda
It's just as likely that they paid GV to play, trying to add a market in Amurca.
He must have had a lot of Uncles.
2013 = Coverchella
2011 = Perfectchella
I feel like this should go in here as well.
The Airplane Boys
lolwut Coachella?
I hope THE MIDNIGHT BEAST open for Radiohead. Would be the most fun I ever had at a festival...
Are they also booking a stint on iCarly while they're here?


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La Quinta - Phase I Clean and suitably furnished but no dishwasher.Noisy airconditioner.Great location - handy to beach, more than adequate parking spacesStaff courteous and helpful. Taught me about prepaid telephone cards - saved $$$$$$$$$$$$
Review collected in partnership with this hotel
I wanted to do something special for our anniversary several years ago. we had stopped on Aruba for a day while on a cruise many years ago and liked the island. A friend of ours has owned at La Quinta for may years. He let us stay for a week in his unit. We bought there shortly thereafter and having been coming back for 10 years now. We now spend 2 weeks in the Fall and 2 weeks in the Spring. The beach is great and there is no having to get up at 7am to reserve a beach chair. The rooms are clean and there is daily maid service. It is not the Ritz but it is clean and friendly. We are going back in October.
This is my 4th visit to LaQuinta and I absolutely love it there so much we bought a timeshare! The staff are very friendly and the location is ideal! The resort is located next to Screaming Eagle, a high end restaurant! Hidden gem!
Have been coming here for many years, and now spend five weeks there every year. The staff are terrific....courteous, responsive and friendly. The beach is one of the best on the island. The accomodations are not luxurious, but are clean and have everything that you need. I look forward to my return in December!
Look forward to going to our home away from home every year. From arrival to departure (the saddest day EVER!) our stay at LaQuinta Beach Resort is worth every penny. We look forward to seeing the front desk staff and management, the housekeeping and grounds staff, and can't wait to find our way over to the Shon Gecko pool bar. The experience you have at the pool is exactly what one needs to relax. Urwin is the BEST bartender on the island. The prices are fair and the fact that you don't even have to sit down before he starts making YOUR drink. He knows exactly what your favorite drink is. Some people say he doesn't talk much, but as he gets to know you and you get to know him he's a great person. Lots of fun! The ladies that cook Nena and Rosa, and sometimes Raymond, cook excellent food. Love the steak sandwiches, and the potato salad, and the seafood salad, and, and, and.....If you are looking for all the ritz and glitz this is not the place to go, but if you are looking for relaxation and friendship, this is it. Wouldn't trade our weeks for anything.
We love staying at Laquinta!!! We love the location, our beach, the accommodations and we especially love the staff. We own timeshare there and when we arrive, they always welcome us HOME!!! There is not one thing that I don't like about LaQuinta!!
I have stayed at this resort for many years. It is away from the high rises but still on the strip. It is on beautiful Eagle Beach. The accomodations are fine and the guests are all like family. It is a great place if you want a wonderful vacation without the noise and crowds of the hotel. I will return. next year and the year after and so on.....Aruba is one beautiful island
If you own or manage La Quinta Beach Resort, register now for free tools to enhance your listing, attract new reviews, and respond to reviewers.


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Hey Fellas, excuse the spam... But, The Jalopy Journal #3 is now available for consumption and well... We are really proud of it. If you have a moment, click here to check it out. If you already have yours or if you are tired of seeing this notification, just click the little 'x' on the top right hand corner of this box and you are done.
Fuel filter: Before or after the fuel pump??
Discussion in 'The Hokey Ass Message Board' started by Tugmaster, Aug 22, 2010.