text:
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Controlling Bats in Urban Areas
E-Print Network [OSTI]
to avoid obstacles and capture insects. Bats also emit audible sounds that may be used for communi- cation. L-1913 4-08 Controlling BATS Damage In urban areas, bats may become a nuisance becauseoftheirsqueaking,scratchingandcrawl- inginattics...
Texas Wildlife Services
Urban Form and Air Pollution in US Urban Areas!
of Minnesota Grant No. 0853467 #12;Air Pollution Impacts on Health 2 EPA, 2010 Ozone PM2.5 PM10 Lead NitrogenUrban Form and Air Pollution in US Urban Areas! Center for Transportation Studies Research #12;Purpose and Research Questions 4 Purpose: Explore relationship between air pollution and urban
Minnesota, University of
INVESTIGATING THE SURFACE ENERGY BALANCE IN URBAN AREAS Ł RECENT ADVANCES AND FUTURE NEEDS M of the surface energy balance of urban areas, based on both experimental investigations and numerical models in urban areas is commonly limited to a few sites, often just at airports. The surface energy balance
Ribes, Aurķlien
Appendix H Colorado Statewide Forest Resource Assessment Urban Influence Areas
1 Appendix H ┬Ł Colorado Statewide Forest Resource Assessment Urban Influence Areas Overview of the Urban and Community Forestry Layer 1. Start with Night Lights data and clip to Colorado Boundary code = 11020). a. Create a new shapefile called UrbanInfluenceAreas_withCapacity.shp. b. Add fields
EFFECTS OF RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION IN URBANIZED AREAS ON UAV-GCS COMMAND AND CONTROL Lock Wai Lek In an urban environment, the linkage between UAVs and ground control stations are subjected to multipath multipath can result in a nearly complete loss of command signals, which can limit the UAV's operational
Jenn, David C.
african urban area: Topics by E-print Network
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
Riccardo; Giovannini, Luca 2009-01-01 100 Green Solution for the Current Energy Crisis in the Urban Areas of Bangladesh CiteSeer Summary: Abstract This work is focused on...
Estimating material and energy intensities of urban areas
The objective of this thesis is to develop methods to estimate, analyze and visualize the resource intensity of urban areas. Understanding the resource consumption of the built environment is particularly relevant in cities ...
Quinn, David James, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
/ac-yr Cubic Feet per Acres-Year iv #12;GIS Geographical Information System ha Hectares I Total Quality Database NURP Nationwide Urban Runoff Program P Phosphorus PLSS Public Land Survey System QA/QC Quality Assurance and Quality Control Rv Volumetric Runoff Coefficient GIS Geographical Information System
Pitt, Robert E.
Predictability of road traffic and congestion in urban areas
Mitigating traffic congestion on urban roads, with paramount importance in urban development and reduction of energy consumption and air pollution, depends on our ability to foresee road usage and traffic conditions pertaining to the collective behavior of drivers, raising a significant question: to what degree is road traffic predictable in urban areas? Here we rely on the precise records of daily vehicle mobility based on GPS positioning device installed in taxis to uncover the potential daily predictability of urban traffic patterns. Using the mapping from the degree of congestion on roads into a time series of symbols and measuring its entropy, we find a relatively high daily predictability of traffic conditions despite the absence of any a priori knowledge of drivers' origins and destinations and quite different travel patterns between weekdays and weekends. Moreover, we find a counterintuitive dependence of the predictability on travel speed: the road segment associated with intermediate average travel ...
Wang, Jingyuan; Li, Jing; Li, Chao; Xiong, Zhang; Wang, Wen-Xu
Complete Residential Urban Area Reconstruction from Dense Aerial LiDAR Point Clouds
Complete Residential Urban Area Reconstruction from Dense Aerial LiDAR Point Clouds Qian-Yi Zhou area modeling and residential area modeling is that the latter usually con- tains rich vegetation. Thus representing the 3D urban reality of residential areas. Keywords: urban modeling, LiDAR, residential area
Shahabi, Cyrus
Logit Models for Estimating Urban Area Through Travel
of all trips at an external station that are through trips. The second model distributes those through trips at one external station to the other external stations. The models produce separate results for commercial and non- commercial vehicles...-side interview technique at locations (called external stations) where traffic enters and exits the study area. During the daylight hours of a certain day, survey personnel would direct all vehicles or a sample of vehicles leaving the urban area to stop...
Talbot, Eric
Studies of carbon monoxide diffusion in an urban area
Major. Sub]ect: Meteorology STnDIBS 0. " CAtIBO:t;IONOXI!IR DIN!iUSION IN AN URBAN ARSA A Thc. si s By JOHN Gifted!, !! S Tt!O:!AS Approved ss to s tyi e and content by: (Che '. rr an of Co@tt &e) Mz. ! n F. Grifffths (Mieia er) Dr. Robert C..., Ihiiniels (Head of Lepcrtnie ) Dr. Vance K. Moyer (Men'. ber) I'Ir, Bill C. Moore J-nue;y 1S7O APSTRACT Studies of Carbon Ilonox de Diffusion in an Urban Area. (January 1970) John C. Thoaias, E. S. , Texas A&'~i University Directcd1 by: Professor...
Thomas, John Charles
Fact #775: April 15, 2013 Top Ten Urban Areas for Fuel Wasted...
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
Information &127;Top Ten Urban Areas for Fuel Wasted due to Traffic Congestion, 2011 Rank Urban Area Fuel Wasted due to Congestion (Million Gallons) 1 New York-Newark NY-NJ-CT...
Carbon storage and sequestration by trees in urban and community areas of the United States
Carbon storage and sequestration by trees in urban and community areas of the United States David J forestry Tree cover Forest inventory a b s t r a c t Carbon storage and sequestration by urban trees to determine total urban forest carbon storage and annual sequestration by state and nationally. Urban whole
Land-use transport systems: Comparing local policy dynamics in Swiss and French urban areas
Land-use transport systems: Comparing local policy dynamics in Swiss and French urban areas GALLEZ LAND-USE TRANSPORT SYSTEMS: COMPARING LOCAL POLICY DYNAMICS IN SWISS AND FRENCH URBAN AREAS GALLEZ, there is a broad consensus among researchers and transport/urban planning professionals that more coherence
Paris-Sud XI, Universit├® de
A critical look at representations of urban areas in global David Potere Annemarie Schneider
population to urban area is complicated by high variance in the density of urban settlement, and the large, South and Central America, and Sub-Saharan Africa ("r = 0.78), and lowest in Asia ("r = 0.63). Across City Á Population Introduction How much of the planet is covered by urban land? How are the world
Wisconsin at Madison, University of
The Economic Productivity of Urban Areas: Disentangling General Scale Effects from Local Exceptionality
#12;The Economic Productivity of Urban Areas: Disentangling General Scale Effects from Local The factors that explain differences in the economic productivity of urban areas have remained difficult of economic activity in a city in terms of a production function, together with a scaling perspective
Modeling sediment in stormwater runoff from urban areas
Protection Agency's (EPA); Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), (1972) and the U. S. Army Corps of Engineer's (USACOE); Storm, Treatment, Overflow and Runoff Model (STORM), (1976) both assumed a linear rate of sediment accumulation on urban watersheds... discharging stormwater runoff into receiving waters. These finalized rules set up a two-part permit application process for cities and urbanized counties. The first part of the permit application process includes inventoring storm-generated pollutants...
Haster, Thomas Wayne
Modeling Residential Urban Areas from Dense Aerial LiDAR Point Clouds
Modeling Residential Urban Areas from Dense Aerial LiDAR Point Clouds Qian-Yi Zhou and Ulrich models for residential areas from aerial LiDAR scans. The key differ- ence between downtown area modeling and residential area modeling is that the latter usually contains rich vegetation. Thus, we propose a robust
Landscape and Urban Planning 72 (2005) 265280 Limitations of using landscape pattern indices to evaluate the
Landscape and Urban Planning 72 (2005) 265┬Ł280 Limitations of using landscape pattern indices Landscape pattern indices have been discussed as tools for comparing the ecological consequences of alternative landscape plans and designs. While several landscape ecology investigations have demonstrated
Nassauer, Joan Iverson
BERNAL et al Local development in peri-urban and rural areas
BERNAL et al Local development in peri-urban and rural areas based on co-management for small water, and propose predefined variables to analyze some Colombian small communities located in rural areas in order management; Colombia INTRODUCTION The sector of water and sewage services in Colombia have experimented
The influence of coyotes on an urban Canada goose population in the Chicago metropolitan area
SciTech Connect (OSTI)
Canada geese (Branta canadensis) have become common in many urban areas, often creating nuisance problems for human residents. The presence of urban geese has raised concerns about the spread of disease, increased erosion, excessive noise, eutrophication of waterways, and general nuisance problems. Goose populations have grown due to an increase in urbanization resulting in an abundance of high quality food (urban grass) and suitable nesting sites, as well as a decrease in some predators. I monitored nest predation in the Chicago suburbs during the 2004 and 2005 nesting seasons using 3 nest monitoring techniques to identify predators: video cameras, plasticine eggs, and sign from nest using a classification tree analysis. Of 58 nests monitored in 2004 and 286 in 2005, only raccoons (Procyon lotor) and coyotes (Canis latrans) were identified as nest predators. Raccoons were responsible for 22-25% of depredated nests, but were rarely capable of depredating nests that were actively defended by a goose. Coyotes were responsible for 75-78% of all Canada goose nest depredation and were documented killing one adult goose and feeding on several others. The coyote is a top-level predator that had increased in many metropolitan areas in recent years. To determine if coyotes were actively hunting geese or eggs during the nesting season, I analyzed coyote habitat selection between nesting and pre-nesting or post-nesting seasons. Coyote home ranges (95% Minimum Convex Polygon) were calculated for 19 coyotes to examine third order habitat selection related to goose nest abundance. A 100 m buffer (buffer habitat) was created and centered on each waterway edge and contained 90% of all nests. Coyotes showed selection for habitats during all seasons. Buffer habitat was the top ranked habitat in both pre-nesting and nesting seasons, but dropped to third ranked in post-nesting season. Habitat selection across seasons was compared using a repeated measures MANOVA. Habitat selection between pre-nesting and nesting seasons (P=0.72) were similar, while between post-nesting and nesting seasons there was a nearly significant difference (P=0.07). The insignificant change in habitat use across seasons suggests that coyotes did not switch habitat use to take advantage of goose nests. Alternatively, the change in ranking of buffer habitat across seasons suggests that coyotes may have switched habitat use to take advantage of goose nests. The results are not clear as large individual variation between coyotes due to differences in habitat availability, and social status interfere with the results of the analysis. Even though I failed to find strong support for coyotes actively hunting goose nests, they nevertheless were the primary nest predator in the area and may influence Canada goose populations. To determine the potential influence of coyotes on the Canada goose population, I created a Canada goose matrix population model that included variables such as coyote predation on adults and nests as well as coyote influence on nest desertion. Using the base population model I calculated the Canada goose population to be increasing with {lambda} = 1.055. The removal of all coyote influence on the goose population would allow {lambda} to increase to 1.214. Nest predation was the most important factor related to coyotes: the removal of coyote nest predation from the model resulted in a population growth rate {lambda} = 1.157. Modeling results suggest coyotes are serving as a limiting factor for the Canada goose population within the Chicago metropolitan area.
Brown, Justin L.; /Ohio State U.
Literature survey of blast and fire effects of nuclear weapons on urban areas
The American literature of the past 30 years on fire and blast effects of nuclear weapons on urban areas has been surveyed. The relevant work is briefly sketched and areas where information is apparently lacking are noted. This report is intended to provide the basis for suggesting research priorities in the fire and blast effects area for the Federal Emergency Management Agency. It is also intended to provide entry into the literature for researchers. over 850 references are given.
Reitter, T.A.; McCallen, D.B.; Kang, S.W.
OYEDOTUN, T. D. T. Urban water usages in Egbeda area of Oyo State,
OYEDOTUN, T. D. T. Urban water usages in Egbeda area of Oyo State, Nigeria Temitope Dare Timothy, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria. (E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com ) Abstract The increasing urbanisation. 149 households were sampled to evaluate their water usages and needs through the use of prepared
Estimating the economic value of cultural ecosystem services in an urbanizing area using hedonic pricing
Keywords: Ecosystem services Economic valuation Hedonic pricing Spatial econometrics a b s t r a c t A need. These include production function methods in which an ecosystem service or amenity is viewed as an inputEstimating the economic value of cultural ecosystem services in an urbanizing area using hedonic
Fried, Jeremy S.
area-based urban policy: Topics by E-print Network
area-based urban policy First Page Previous Page 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Next Page Last Page Topic Index 1 International Symposium on...
Insulators for cold urban areas: The problem of Road Salt Ravi Gorur and Sreeram Venkataraman
Insulators for cold urban areas: The problem of Road Salt Ravi Gorur and Sreeram Venkataraman of insulators in winter due to road salt. We have started a research project at Arizona State University are more concerned with the effect that the road salts have on insulators, both ceramic and composite
Gasoline price effects on traffic safety in urban and rural areas: Evidence from Minnesota, 19982007
Gasoline price effects on traffic safety in urban and rural areas: Evidence from Minnesota, 1998 February 2012 Received in revised form 3 May 2013 Accepted 24 May 2013 Keywords: Gasoline prices Traffic examines the role of gasoline prices in the occurrence of traffic crashes. However, no studies have
Levinson, David M.
Indoor and Outdoor in Situ High-Resolution Gamma Radiation Measurements in Urban Areas of Cyprus
In situ, high-resolution, gamma-ray spectrometry of a total number of 70 outdoor and 20 indoor representative measurements were performed in preselected, common locations of the main urban areas of Cyprus. Specific activities and gamma absorbed dose rates in air due to the naturally occurring radionuclides of Th-232 and U-238 series, and K-40 are determined and discussed. Effective dose rate to the Cyprus population due to terrestrial gamma radiation is derived directly from this work. The results obtained outdoors match very well with those derived previously by high-resolution gamma spectrometry of soil samples, which were collected from the main island bedrock surface. This implies that the construction and building materials in urban areas do not affect the external gamma dose rate; thus they are mostly of local origin. Finally, the indoor/outdoor gamma dose ratio was found to be 1.4 +- 0.5.
Svoukis, E
E. Svoukis; H. Tsertos
Modeling urban growth and land use/land cover change in the Houston Metropolitan Area from 2002 - 2030
spatially explicit cellular automata model, to simulate future (2002-2030) urban growth in the Houston metropolitan area, one of the fastest growing metropolises in the United States during the past decades. The model is calibrated with historical data...
Oguz, Hakan
The case for pension plan and university endowment equity investment in brownfields in the urban core of major metropolitan areas
The purpose of this thesis is to present a case for institutional equity investment in brownfields in the urban core of major metropolitan areas. Pension plans and university endowments are the primary institutional investors ...
Larsen, Tamara C. (Tamara Candace), 1977-
A Hydrometeorological Study Related to the Distribution of Precipitation and Runoff over Small Drainage Basins -- Urban Versus Rural Areas
TR-28 1970 A Hydrometeorological Study Related to the Distribution of Precipitation and Runoff over Small Drainage Basins?Urban Versus Rural Areas R.G. Feddes R.A. Clark R.C. Runnels Texas Water...
Feddes, R. G.; Clark, R.A.; Runnels, R. C.
The gated community: residents' crime experience and perception of safety behind gates and fences in the urban area
The primary purpose of the study is to explore the connections between residents' perception of safety and their crime experience, and the existence of gates and fences in multi-family housing communities in urban areas. For cultivating discussions...
Kim, Suk Kyung
Meteorological and air quality impacts of increased urban albedo and vegetative cover in the Greater Toronto Area, Canada
The study described in this report is part of a project sponsored by the Toronto Atmospheric Fund, performed at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, to assess the potential role of surface property modifications on energy, meteorology, and air quality in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), Canada. Numerical models were used to establish the possible meteorological and ozone air-quality impacts of increased urban albedo and vegetative fraction, i.e., ''cool-city'' strategies that can mitigate the urban heat island (UHI), significantly reduce urban energy consumption, and improve thermal comfort, particularly during periods of hot weather in summer. Mitigation is even more important during critical heat wave periods with possible increased heat-related hospitalization and mortality. The evidence suggests that on an annual basis cool-city strategies are beneficial, and the implementation of such measures is currently being investigated in the U.S. and Canada. We simulated possible scenari os for urban heat-island mitigation in the GTA and investigated consequent meteorological changes, and also performed limited air-quality analysis to assess related impacts. The study was based on a combination of mesoscale meteorological modeling, Lagrangian (trajectory), and photochemical trajectory modeling to assess the potential meteorological and ozone air-quality impacts of cool-city strategies. As available air-quality and emissions data are incompatible with models currently in use at LBNL, our air-quality analysis was based on photochemical trajectory modeling. Because of questions as to the accuracy and appropriateness of this approach, in our opinion this aspect of the study can be improved in the future, and the air-quality results discussed in this report should be viewed as relatively qualitative. The MM5 meteorological model predicts a UHI in the order of 2 to 3 degrees C in locations of maxima, and about 1 degree C as a typical value over most of the urban area. Our si mulations suggest that cool-city strategies can typically reduce local urban air temperature by 0.5-1 degrees C; as more sporadic events, larger decreases (1.5 degrees C, 2.5-2.7 degrees C and 4-6 degrees C) were also simulated. With regard to ozone mixing ratios along the simulated trajectories, the effects of cool-city strategies appear to be on the order of 2 ppb, a typical decrease. The photochemical trajectory model (CIT) also simulates larger decreases (e.g., 4 to 8 ppb), but these are not taken as representative of the potential impacts in this report. A comparison with other simulations suggest very crudely that a decrease of this magnitude corresponds to significant ''equivalent'' decreases in both NOx and VOCs emissions in the region. Our preliminary results suggest that significant UHI control can be achieved with cool-cities strategies in the GTA and is therefore worth further study. We recommend that better input data and more accurate modeling schemes be used to carry out f uture studies in the same direction.
Taha, Haider; Hammer, Hillel; Akbari, Hashem
Ozone production rate and hydrocarbon reactivity in 5 urban areas: A cause of high ozone concentration in Houston
petrochemical complexes in the world. As a consequence the concentration of O3 in the Houston metropolitan area are ubiquitous in urban areas, the major source categories being on and off-road vehicles, power plants from nearby petrochemical facili- ties. A comparison between Houston and 4 other cities (Nashville, TN
Influences of Urban Land-Use on the Frequency of Scorpion Stings in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area
and beestings. Between 3000-4000 people in the Phoenix metro area report being stung by scorpions each yearInfluences of Urban Land-Use on the Frequency of Scorpion Stings in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area Nancy E. McIntyre Center for Environmental Studies, Arizona State University Summary Between 3000
Hall, Sharon J.
Atmospheric deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an urban and a suburban area of Korea from 2002 to 2004
Atmospheric bulk samples (wet and dry) were collected monthly during 2002 to 2004 from an urban and a suburban area in Korea for assessment of depositional flux and seasonal variations in the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAH depositional flux ranged from 64.1 to 610 {mu} g/m{sup 2}/y for the urban area and from 65 to 460 {mu} g/m{sup 2}/y for the suburban area. The fluxes of PAHs measured in this study were comparable with those reported for urban and suburban areas in other countries. The fluxes of particulates and PAHs were higher in winter than in summer, consistent with the greater per capita consumption of fossil fuel in winter than in summer. Ambient temperature played a major role in the seasonal variability in PAH fluxes. Photochemical degradation of PAHs appears to occur during the summer months. The relationship of PAH depositional fluxes with major air pollutants, such as ozone, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and presence of particulate matter up to 10 {mu} m in size (PM10), was also investigated. Dominant PAH compounds in both the urban and the suburban locations were benzo(g,h,i)perylene, pyrene, and indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene. Based on the PAH diagnostic ratios and a factor analysis, the major sources of PAHs in the urban and the suburban regions were found to be similar. Diesel exhaust, coal combustion, and gasoline emissions contributed predominantly to atmospheric PAH contamination.
Moon, H.B.; Kannan, K.; Lee, S.J.; Ok, G. [National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Pusan (Republic of Korea)
Urbanizing terrains
Urban "sprawl"in the East Attica area of Athens has dramatically changed the former rural economy in a manner consistent with the urbanizing terrain's underlying properties: agricultural subdivisions, existing centres, ...
Romanos, Christoforos
RAINWATER HARVESTING, ALTERNATIVE TO THE WATER SUPPLY IN INDIAN URBAN AREAS: THE CASE OF AHMEDABAD, the rehabilitation of rainwater harvesting structures in the Old city of Ahmedabad suggests the necessity their water requirements. Rainwater harvesting is one of them. It was functioning in the Old city of Ahmedabad
RAINWATER HARVESTING, ALTERNATIVE TO THE WATER SUPPLY IN INDIAN URBAN AREAS: THE CASE OF AHMEDABAD, the rehabilitation of rainwater harvesting structures in the Old city of Ahmedabad suggests the necessity in Ahmedabad and more particularly of the rehabilitation of the rainwater harvesting structures still existing
The seismic monitoring of buildings is particularly important in high-population urban areas like Greater Boston. While
PROBLEM The seismic monitoring of buildings is particularly important in high-population urban areas like Greater Boston. While Massachusetts' seismic building codes are adapted from Cali- fornia to damage from earthquakes of small magnitude, particularly if the fundamen- tal frequency of the seismic
Polz, Martin
Free-Space Optical High-Speed Link in the Urban Area of Southern Rome: Preliminary Experimental
Free-Space Optical High-Speed Link in the Urban Area of Southern Rome: Preliminary Experimental Set is placed on water particle effects (fog and rain). A semi-empirical model evaluation of these atmospheric, Piazza Pakistan, height 50 m), and the headquarters of the Department of Foreign Trade (point C, Viale
Marzano, Frank Silvio
Figure 2. Urban lawns have ~ 2x the microbial biomass of native and/or cultivated areas. Viable microbial biomass
Figure 2. Urban lawns have ~ 2x the microbial biomass of native and/or cultivated areas. Viable and fertilized Corn: flood irrigated and fertilized Wheat-Fallow: a dryland winter wheat cropping system C and N mineralization rates (data not shown) than other ecosystems, suggesting that energy
Fluxes, variability and sources of cadmium, lead, arsenic and mercury in dry atmospheric depositions in urban, suburban and rural areas
In China's largest city, Shanghai, dry deposition fluxes of Cd, Pb, As and Hg were 137, 19 354, 2897 and 9.4 {mu}g m{sup -2} a{sup -1}, respectively in an urban area, intermediate in a suburban area, and 51.7, 5311, 1703 and 7.3 {mu}g m{sup -2} a{sup -1}, respectively in a rural area. Enrichment factors were Cd>Pb>As>Hg. Seasonal variations of metals differed: Pb and As were dominated by fossil fuel combustion, Cd was related to industrial pollution, and natural source controlled Hg levels.
Shi, G., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136 (China); Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062 (China); Chen, Z. [Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062 (China)] [Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062 (China); Teng, J. [Shanghai Chongming Dongtan National Nature Reserve, Shanghai 202183 (China)] [Shanghai Chongming Dongtan National Nature Reserve, Shanghai 202183 (China); Bi, C.; Zhou, D.; Sun, C. [Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062 (China)] [Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062 (China); Li, Y. [Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136 (China)] [Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136 (China); Xu, S. [Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062 (China)] [Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062 (China)
Recommendations for the analysis and design of naturally ventilated buildings in urban areas
The motivation behind this work was to obtain a better understanding of how a building's natural ventilation potential is affected by the complexities introduced by the urban environment. To this end, we have derived in ...
Truong, Phan Hue
Estimating suspended sediment concentrations in areas with limited hydrological data using a mixed-effects model
Estimating suspended sediment concentrations in areas with limited hydrological data using a mixed of Geography, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada Abstract: Sediment rating curves are commonly used to estimate the suspended sediment load in rivers and streams under the assumption
Venditti, Jeremy G.
Tropical Cyclone Data Assimilation: Experiments with a Coupled Global-Limited-Area Analysis System
of the storm locations for moderate and weak storms. Improvements in the steering flow analysis due to increased resolution are modest and short-lived in the forecasts. Limited-area track forecasts are more accurate, on average, than global forecasts...
Holt, Christina
Active Moss Biomonitoring of Atmospheric Trace Element Deposition in Belgrade Urban Area using ENAA and AAS
Active biomonitoring of air quality in Belgrade, Serbia, was performed using the moss Sphagnum girgensohnii. Moss bags were exposed in parallel with and without irrigation respectively for four consecutive 3-month periods at three urban sites. Twenty-nine elements were determined in the exposed moss samples by ENAA and three (Cu, Cd, and Pb) by AAS. The relative accumulation factor (RAF) was greater than 1 for the majority of elements. Elements such as Cl, K, Rb and Cs, however, leached from the moss tissue during the exposure time. For all exposure periods, higher uptake in the irrigated moss bags was evident for Al, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Sr, Pb, and Cd.
Anicic, M.; Tasic, M.; Tomasevic, M.; Rajsic, S. [Institute of Physics, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade (Serbia and Montenegro); Frontasyeva, M. V.; Strelkova, L. P. [Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot Curie 6, 141980 Dubna (Russian Federation); Steinnes, E. [Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim (Norway)
Effects of Large Area Liquid Lithium Limiters on Spherical Torus Plasmas
Use of a large-area liquid lithium surface as a first wall has significantly improved the plasma performance in the Current Drive Experiment-Upgrade (CDX-U) at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. Previous CDX-U experiments with a partially-covered toroidal lithium limiter tray have shown a decrease in impurities and the recycling of hydrogenic species. Improvements in loading techniques have permitted nearly full coverage of the tray surface with liquid lithium. Under these conditions, there was a large drop in the loop voltage needed to sustain the plasma current. The data are consistent with simulations that indicate more stable plasmas having broader current profiles, higher temperatures, and lowered impurities with liquid lithium walls. As further evidence for reduced recycling with a liquid lithium limiter, the gas puffing had to be increased by up to a factor of eight for the same plasma density achieved with an empty toroidal tray limiter.
R. Kaita; R. Majeski; M. Boaz; P. Efthimion; G. Gettelfinger; T. Gray; D. Hoffman; S. Jardin; H. Kugel; P. Marfuta; T. Munsat; C. Neumeyer; S. Raftopoulos; V. Soukhanovskii; J. Spaleta; G. Taylor; J. Timberlake; R. Woolley; L. Zakharov; M. Finkenthal; D. Stutman; L. Delgado-Aparicio; R.P. Seraydarian; G. Antar; R. Doerner; S. Luckhardt; M. Baldwin; R.W. Conn; R. Maingi; M. Menon; R. Causey; D. Buchenauer; M. Ulrickson; B. Jones; D. Rodgers
DOE Patents [OSTI]
A limiter with a specially contoured front face is provided. The front face of the limiter (the plasma-side face) is flat with a central indentation. In addition, the limiter shape is cylindrically symmetric so that the limiter can be rotated for greater heat distribution. This limiter shape accommodates the various power scrape-off distances lambda p, which depend on the parallel velocity, V/sub parallel/, of the impacting particles.
Cohen, S.A.; Hosea, J.C.; Timberlake, J.R.
Behind "successful" land acquisition : a case study of the Van Quan new urban area project in Hanoi, Vietnam
The transition to a market economy has sparked Vietnam's unprecedented urbanization and industrialization. In order to accommodate the spiraling land demand triggered by urban and economic growth, the Vietnamese government ...
Bui, Phuong Anh, M. C. P. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Sheridan, S.C. and L.S. Kalkstein, 1998: Health watch/warning systems in urban areas. World Resource Review, 10, 375-383.
excessive heat, in increasing morbidity and mortality in urban areas (Pennsylvania Emergency Management has been shown to be a statistically significant predictor of elevated human mortality during hot on buildings (Kalkstein and Davis 1989). Also, wind speed is a desiccating factor and adds heat load
Sheridan, Scott
Wide-Area Situational Awareness of Power Grids with Limited Phasor Measurements
Lack of situational awareness has been identified as one of root causes for the August 14, 2003 Northeast Blackout in North America. To improve situational awareness, the Department of Energy (DOE) launched several projects to deploy Wide Area Measurement Systems (WAMS) in different interconnections. Compared to the tens of thousands of buses, the number of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) is quite limited and not enough to achieve the observability for the whole interconnections. To utilize the limited number of PMU measurements to improve situational awareness, this paper proposes to combine PMU measurement data and power flow equations to form a hybrid power flow model. Technically, a model which combines the concept of observable islands and modeling of power flow conditions, is proposed. The model is called a Hybrid Power Flow Model as it has both PMU measurements and simulation assumptions, which describes prior knowledge available about whole power systems. By solving the hybrid power flow equations, the proposed method can be used to derive power system states to improve the situational awareness of a power grid.
Zhou, Ning; Huang, Zhenyu; Nieplocha, Jarek; Nguyen, Tony B.
NKS Conference on Radioactive Contamination in Urban Areas Ris National Laboratory, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark, 7 -9 May, 2003
urban environments Per Hedemann-Jensen Section of Applied Health Physics, Department of Decommissioning nuclear or radiological accidents. The decision-aiding process of justification and optimisa- tion
Evidence-based spatial intervention for regeneration of deteriorating urban areas, a case of study from Tehran, IranĀ
Throughout the urban development process over the last seven decades in Tehran, the capital city of Iran, many self-generated neighbourhoods have developed in which the majority of the residents are low-income families. ...
Rismanchian, Omid
Urban Economics
property taxation regional economics residential segregationexternalities urban economics urban production externalitiesproperty taxation regional economics residential segregation
Quigley, John M.
Mass-Transport-Limited Electrodeposition of High-Surface-Area Coatings for Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor Technology
The sensitivity of surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors has been enhanced by increasing the active surface area of these devices. Electrodepositions of Ni, Pd, and Pt in a mass-transport-limited mode with trace foreign metals yield highly dendritic crystal structures of uniform macroscopic thickness. The concentration of metal ions, supporting electrolyte, agitation, and additives greatly impact the crystal morphology of the deposit. This methodology can be used simply and economically to provide high-area films in selective regions.
Ricco, Antonio J.; Staton, Alan W.; Yelton, W. Graham
The sensitivity of surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors has been enhanced by increasing the active surface area of these devices, Electrodepositions of Ni, Pd, and Pt in a mass-transport-limited mode with trace foreign metals yield highly dendritic crystal structures of uniform macroscopic thickness. The concentration of metal ions, supporting electrolyte, agitation, and additives greatly impact the crystal morphology of the deposit. This methodology can be used simply and economically to provide high-area films in selective regions.
Ricco, A.J.; Staton, A.W.; Yelton, W.G.
Dose Modeling Evaluations and Technical Support Document For the Authorized Limits Request for the DOE-Owned Property Outside the Limited Area, Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant Paducah, Kentucky
Environmental assessments and remediation activities are being conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) at the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant (PGDP), Paducah, Kentucky. The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), a DOE prime contractor, was contracted by the DOE Portsmouth/Paducah Project Office (DOE-PPPO) to conduct radiation dose modeling analyses and derive single radionuclide soil guidelines (soil guidelines) in support of the derivation of Authorized Limits (ALs) for 'DOE-Owned Property Outside the Limited Area' ('Property') at the PGDP. The ORISE evaluation specifically included the area identified by DOE restricted area postings (public use access restrictions) and areas licensed by DOE to the West Kentucky Wildlife Management Area (WKWMA). The licensed areas are available without restriction to the general public for a variety of (primarily) recreational uses. Relevant receptors impacting current and reasonably anticipated future use activities were evaluated. In support of soil guideline derivation, a Conceptual Site Model (CSM) was developed. The CSM listed radiation and contamination sources, release mechanisms, transport media, representative exposure pathways from residual radioactivity, and a total of three receptors (under present and future use scenarios). Plausible receptors included a Resident Farmer, Recreational User, and Wildlife Worker. single radionuclide soil guidelines (outputs specified by the software modeling code) were generated for three receptors and thirteen targeted radionuclides. These soil guidelines were based on satisfying the project dose constraints. For comparison, soil guidelines applicable to the basic radiation public dose limit of 100 mrem/yr were generated. Single radionuclide soil guidelines from the most limiting (restrictive) receptor based on a target dose constraint of 25 mrem/yr were then rounded and identified as the derived soil guidelines. An additional evaluation using the derived soil guidelines as inputs into the code was also performed to determine the maximum (peak) dose for all receptors. This report contains the technical basis in support of the DOE?s derivation of ALs for the 'Property.' A complete description of the methodology, including an assessment of the input parameters, model inputs, and results is provided in this report. This report also provides initial recommendations on applying the derived soil guidelines.
Boerner, A. J. [Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Independent Environmental Assessment and Verification Program; Maldonado, D. G. [Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Independent Environmental Assessment and Verification Program; Hansen, Tom [Ameriphysics, LLC (United States)
Repeated surveillance of exposure to cadmium, manganese, and arsenic in school-age children living in rural, urban, and nonferrous smelter areas in Belgium
The intensity of exposure to Cd, As, Mn in groups of school-age children living around a lead smelter was assessed. By comparison, groups of children living in an urban and a rural area were also examined. The metal content of blood, urine, hand-rinsing, air, dust, and dirt collected in the school-playground was compared. The urinary excretion of cadmium in children living around the lead smelter is greater than in those living in the urban and in the rural area. In the latter there seems to exist a time-dependent trend in the renal accumulation of cadmium. This suggests that the overall pollution of the environment by cadmium in Belgium is progressively increasing. In the smelter area, both the oral and pulmonary routes play a role in the children's exposure to cadmium. Their relative contribution to the amount of cadmium absorbed appears similar. The concentration of arsenic in urine of children living around the smelter is significantly higher than that of rural children. Speciation of the chemical forms of arsenic in urine indicates that the difference is not due to different dietary habits of the children examined but to different intensity of exposure to inorganic arsenic. The amount of arsenic on the hand of children living at less than 1 km from the smelter (anti X = 17.6 ..mu..g As/hand) was more than 10 times that found in children living at 2.5 km from the plant (anti X = 1.5 ..mu..g As/hand) whereas that found in children living in urban and rural areas was below 0.2 ..mu..g As/hand. The arsenic concentration of dust and dirt collected in the school-playground in the different areas follows the same trend.
Buchet, J.P. (Univ. of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium); Roels, H.; Lauwerys, R.; Bruaux, P.; Claeys-Thoreau, F.; Lafontaine, A.; Verduyn, G.
Variation of urban momentum roughness length with land use in the upwind source area, as observed in two UK cities.
in two UK cities. G.G.Rooney (firstname.lastname@example.com), I.D.Longley and J.F.Barlow Met Office Field fraction of different cover types, Birmingham 20 4 roughness lengths against wind direction, Salford 21 5 in building wakes to its blended final state at some height above the urban canopy, for a real city, tests
Reading, University of
Copyright 2003 by the author(s). Published here under licence by The Resilience Alliance. Ricketts, T. and M. Imhoff. 2003. Biodiversity, urban areas, and agriculture: locating priority ecoregions
Biodiversity, Urban Areas, and Agriculture: Locating Priority Ecoregions for Conservation Taylor Ricketts1 for biodiversity conservation. In this study, we combine distribution data for eight major plant and animal taxa threats and biodiversity coincide. These areas are clear priorities for biodiversity conservation, where
Vermont, University of
The Uses and Reuses of Major Urban Arterials: A Study of Recycling, Revitalizing, and Restructuring ōGray Areaö Transportation Corridors
Mission Bay and the Hunter's Point area towards Candlestickindustrial areas near Hunter's Point. In the 1960s, asWorld War II, when Hunters Point became the biggest shipyard
Jacobs, Allan B.; Macdonald, Elizabeth; Marsh, Diana; Wilson, Clark
Urban waterfront : problems and potentials of Boston
The essence of this thesis is based on the fact that downtown waterfronts are special urban areas in a city. These areas offer unique opportunities for providing cultural and recreational public amenities to urban life. ...
Hossain, Mohammad Iqbal
Identification of Management and Planning Problems of Urban Water Resources in the Metropolitan Area of Greater San Antonio
including the inventory and planning control for both surface and ground Water Resource Management of the San Antonio area are presented. Emphasis has been placed upon the identification of the probabilistic nature of various decision-making parameters...
Garner, K.; Shih, C. S.
Ideology of urban conservationĀ
Although urban heritage has been a research field in the focus of scholarsÆ attention since the concepts of restoration and rehabilitation of monuments had been extended to entire areas such as historical city centres, ...
Stoica, Ruxandra-Iulia
Trap cultures reveal higher species richness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in comparison to soil samples in the Phoenix metropolitan area.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal and dark septate endophytes colonization of plant roots from urban desert preserves a
samples in the Phoenix metropolitan area.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal and dark septate endophytes mycorrhizal fungal and dark septate endophytes colonization of plant roots from urban desert preserves (Brundett 1999). Dark septate endophytes (DSE) are another type of root colonizing fungi mainly classified
Phoenix Area Social Survey: Long Term Monitoring of Social Interaction and Environmental Change in Urban Neighborhoods Amy Nelson, Sharon Harlan, Edward Hackett, Andrew Kirby, Robert Bolin, David Pijawka, Tom Rex
a sustainable urban environment and for mitigating environmental damage? 3. How do neighborhood characteristicsPhoenix Area Social Survey: Long Term Monitoring of Social Interaction and Environmental Change, and how changing environmental conditions, in turn, affect the quality of human life. 1. How do
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "of EnergyEnergy Cooperation |South Valley ResponsibleSubmissionofDepartmentNo.7-052 ofFocusAREA FAQ #
In situ measurements of speciated atmospheric mercury and the identification of source regions in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area
In order to expand the currently limited understanding of atmospheric mercury source-receptor relationships in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area, real time measurements of atmospheric mercury were made at a downtown urban ...
Rutter, A. P.
Identification of limiting case between DBA and SBDBA (CL break area sensitivity): A new model for the boron injection system
Atucha-2 is a Siemens-designed PHWR reactor under construction in the Republic of Argentina. Its geometrical complexity and (e.g., oblique Control Rods, Positive Void coefficient) required a developed and validated complex three dimensional (3D) neutron kinetics (NK) coupled thermal hydraulic (TH) model. Reactor shut-down is obtained by oblique CRs and, during accidental conditions, by an emergency shut-down system (JDJ) injecting a highly concentrated boron solution (boron clouds) in the moderator tank, the boron clouds reconstruction is obtained using a CFD (CFX) code calculation. A complete LBLOCA calculation implies the application of the RELAP5-3D{sup C} system code. Within the framework of the third Agreement 'NA-SA - Univ. of Pisa' a new RELAP5-3D control system for the boron injection system was developed and implemented in the validated coupled RELAP5-3D/NESTLE model of the Atucha 2 NPP. The aim of this activity is to find out the limiting case (maximum break area size) for the Peak Cladding Temperature for LOCAs under fixed boundary conditions. (authors)
Gonzalez Gonzalez, R.; Petruzzi, A.; D'Auria, F. [San Piero A Grado Nuclear Research Group GRNSPG, Univ. of Pisa, Via Livornese 1291-56122, San Piero a Grado - Pisa (Italy); Mazzantini, O. [Nucleo-electrica Argentina Sociedad Anonima (NA-SA), Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Molecular Characterization of Organosulfates in Organic Aerosols from Shanghai and Los Angeles Urban Areas by Nanospray-Desorption Electrospray Ionization High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry
Aerosol samples collected in the urban areas of Shanghai and Los Angeles were analyzed by nanospray-desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (nano-DESI MS) with high mass resolution (m/?m=100,000). Solvent mixtures of acetonitrile/water and acetonitrile/toluene were used to extract and ionize polar and non-polar compounds, respectively. A diverse mixture of oxygenated hydrocarbons, organosulfates, organonitrates, and organics with reduced nitrogen were detected in the Los Angeles sample. Majority of the organics in the Shanghai sample were detected as organosulfates. The dominant organosulfates in the two samples have distinctly different molecular characteristics. Specifically, organosulfates in the Los Angeles sample were dominated by isoprene- or monoterpene-derived products, while organosulfates of yet unknown origin in the Shanghai sample had distinctive characteristics of long aliphatic carbon chains and low degree of oxidation and unsaturation. The use of acetonitrile/toluene solvent facilitated identification of this type of organosulfates, suggesting they could be missed in previous studies relying on sample extraction using common polar solvents. The high molecular weight and low degree of unsaturation and oxidization of the organosulfates detected in the Shanghai sample suggest that they may act as surfactants, and plausibly affect the surface tension and hygroscopicity of the atmospheric particulate matter. We propose that direct esterification of carbonyl or hydroxyl compounds by sulfates or sulfuric acid in liquid phase could be the formation pathway of these special organosulfates. Long-chain alkanes from vehicle emissions might be their precursors.
Tao, Shikang; Lu, Xiaohui; Levac, Nicole A.; Bateman, Adam P.; Nguyen, Tran B.; Bones, David L.; Nizkorodov, Sergey; Laskin, Julia; Laskin, Alexander; Yang, Xin
Water Conservation with Urban Landscape Plants
Water shortages are a common problem in much of the southwest. Increasing urbanization and increasing population places greater demands on dwindling water supplies. Over half of the water used in urban areas of the southwest is used...
Hip, B. W.; Giordano, C.; Simpson, B.
Towards sustainable urban communities
Requirements for the assessment tools of buildings have increased, assessing of building components or separate buildings is not enough. Neighbourhoods, built environment, public transportations, and services, should be considered simultaneously. Number of population living in urban areas is high and increasing rapidly. Urbanisation is a major concern due to its detrimental effects on the environment. The aim of this study is to clarify the field of assessment tools for urban communities by analysing the current situation. The focus is on internationally well known assessment tools; BREEAM Communities, CASBEE for Urban Development and LEED for Neigborhood Development. The interest towards certification systems is increasing amongst the authorities, and especially amongst the global investors and property developers. Achieved certifications are expected to bring measureable publicity for the developers. The assessment of urban areas enables the comparison of municipalities and urban areas, and notably supports decision making processes. Authorities, city planners, and designers would benefit most from the use of the tools during the decision making process. - Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The urban assessment tools have strong linkage to the region. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The tools promote complementary building and retrofitting existing sites. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Sharing knowledge and experiences is important in the development of the tools.
Haapio, Appu, E-mail: email@example.com
Monroe Urbanized Area MTP 2035
Monroe Urbanized Area Metropolitan Planning Organization
the ecosystem has yet to be fully constructed. Goals 1. To understand the drivers of carbon dynamics in urban. Vegetation (Trees and Shrubs) Storage and NPP Tree and Shrub Total NPP: 172 Gg C / Year Tree and Shrub Total on a per area basis, but there is more storage in trees and less in shrubs ┬Ę NPP in urban mesic plots
Urbanizing Watersheds and Changing River Flood Dynamics: Implications for Urban Wetland Restoration
Urbanization alters river hydrology, morphology, water quality, and habitat and ecology. Most of these associated changes are due to an increase in impervious surface cover (ISC) throughout the watershed. But the spatial location of urban areas...
Simmons, M.
SproutslO Urban Microfarm : interactive indoor farming system for urban use
SproutslO Urban Microfarm is an interactive farming system that enables people to reliably grow and access healthy produce in urban areas. The introduction of a localized system with the capacity to induce scalar impact ...
Farah, Jennifer Broutin
Boundaries to membranes : the urban project revisited : an urban strategy for Rio de Janeiro, Zona Norte
This thesis investigates urban boundaries in the North Zone of Rio de Janeiro. The Zona Norte transitioned in the last hundred years from a rural outskirts area of Rio, into its industrial hinterland, into a fully urbanized ...
Dudek, Phebe (Phebe Helena Melania)
A decision-support system for sustainable urban metabolism in Europe
Urban metabolism components define the energy and material exchanges within a city and, therefore, can provide valuable information on the environmental quality of urban areas. Assessing the potential impact of urban planning alternatives on urban metabolism components (such as energy, water, carbon and pollutants fluxes) can provide a quantitative estimation of their sustainability performance. Urban metabolism impact assessment can, therefore, contribute to the identification of sustainable urban structures with regards, for example, to building types, materials and layout, as well as to location and capacity of transportation and infrastructural developments. In this way, it enables the formulation of planning and policy recommendations to promote efficient use of resources and enhance environmental quality in urban areas. The European FP7 project BRIDGE (sustainaBle uRban plannIng Decision support accountinG for urban mEtabolism) has developed a decision-support system (DSS) that systematically integrates urban metabolism components into impact assessment processes with the aim of accurately quantifying the potential effects of proposed planning interventions. The DSS enables integration of multiple spatial and non-spatial datasets (e.g. physical flows of energy and material with variables of social and economic change) in a systematic manner to obtain spatially defined assessment results and to thus inform planners and decision-makers. This multi-criteria approach also enables incorporation of stakeholders' perceptions in order to prioritise decisive assessment criteria. This paper describes the methodological framework used to develop the DSS and critically examines the results of its practical application in five European cities. - Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Urban metabolism in sustainability assessment of planning alternatives. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer European FP7 project applied to 5 real life case studies across Europe. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Decision support system enables incorporating scientific knowledge into planning. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Scale, data availability and stakeholder representativeness limit its application.
Gonzalez, Ainhoa, E-mail: email@example.com [Trinity Centre for Biodiversity Research, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2 (Ireland); Donnelly, Alison, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Centre for the Environment, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin (Ireland); Jones, Mike, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Discipline of Botany, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin (Ireland); Chrysoulakis, Nektarios, E-mail: email@example.com [Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics (Greece); Lopes, Myriam, E-mail: email@example.com [Departamento de Ambiente e Ordenamento and CESAM, University of Aveiro (Portugal)
Strategies for systemic urban constructed wetlands
As a result of ubiquitous impermeable surfaces, conventional water management and stormwater infrastructure, and the resultant degradation of natural hydrologic networks, most American urban areas have suffered severely ...
Balderas-Guzmßn, Celina
E. , Hanushek, E. and Quigley, J. 2004. Opportunities, race,Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins Press. Quigley, J. 2001. Theof Regional Science 35, Quigley, J. 1998. Urban diversity
Urban Reclamation in SŃo Paulo
The urbanized terrain of SŃo Paulo is characterized by wasteful landscapes on peripheral areas of the metropolitan agglomeration, and decaying landscapes of waste in the core of the city. If on the one hand, the increasingly ...
Eskinazi, Victor
This article has been published in: Urban Water Journal, Vol. 9(1), 2012 Rainwater harvesting to control stormwater runoff in suburban areas.
to store and/or to infiltrate it. These devices, widely known as Best Management Practices (BMP;2 storm events, they fill up and store part of the rainfall. This water is definitely abstracted from1 This article has been published in: Urban Water Journal, Vol. 9(1), 2012 Rainwater harvesting
Hamburg, Germany's second largest city, is home to two of the most important urban development areas in Europe: HafenCity
Hamburg, Germany's second largest city, is home to two of the most important urban development for ecological sustainability and mixed use development along the Elbe River in Hamburg, Germany e m b e r 1 5 , 9 a m ┬Ł 1 2 : 30 p m The City of Hamburg, Germany is a city-state. Like Washington
District of Columbia, University of the
Basly L., Wald L., 2000. Remote sensing and air quality in urban areas. In : Proceedings of the 2nd international workshop on telegeoprocessing, TeleGeo'2000,
of atmospheric pollution in cities and the number of personal car is still growing [2]. Furthermore, the air such that heat (or cold) islands which influence the chemical transformation of pollutants. Hence the urban air attributable to air pollution [3]. A survey conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO) shown that
Boyer, Edmond
Authorized Limits for the Release of a 25 Ton Locomotive, Serial Number 21547, at the Area 25 Engine Maintenance, Assembly, and Disassembly Facility, Nevada Test Site, Nevada
This document contains process knowledge and radiological data and analysis to support approval for release of the 25-ton locomotive, Serial Number 21547, at the Area 25 Engine Maintenance, Assembly, and Disassembly (EMAD) Facility, located on the Nevada Test Site (NTS). The 25-ton locomotive is a small, one-of-a-kind locomotive used to move railcars in support of the Nuclear Engine for Rocket Vehicle Application project. This locomotive was identified as having significant historical value by the Nevada State Railroad Museum in Boulder City, Nevada, where it will be used as a display piece. A substantial effort to characterize the radiological conditions of the locomotive was undertaken by the NTS Management and Operations Contractor, National Security Technologies, LLC (NSTec). During this characterization process, seven small areas on the locomotive had contamination levels that exceeded the NTS release criteria (limits consistent with U.S. Department of Energy [DOE] Order DOE O 5400.5, ōRadiation Protection of the Public and the Environmentö). The decision was made to perform radiological decontamination of these known accessible impacted areas to further the release process. On February 9, 2010, NSTec personnel completed decontamination of these seven areas to within the NTS release criteria. Although all accessible areas of the locomotive had been successfully decontaminated to within NTS release criteria, it was plausible that inaccessible areas of the locomotive (i.e., those areas on the locomotive where it was not possible to perform radiological surveys) could potentially have contamination above unrestricted release limits. To access the majority of these inaccessible areas, the locomotive would have to be disassembled. A complete disassembly for a full radiological survey could have permanently destroyed parts and would have ruined the historical value of the locomotive. Complete disassembly would also add an unreasonable financial burden for the contractor. A decision was reached between the NTS regulator and NSTec, opting for alternative authorized limits from DOE Headquarters. In doing so, NSTec personnel performed a dose model using the DOE-approved modeling code RESRAD-BUILD v3.5 to evaluate scenarios. The parameters used in the dose model were conservative. NSTecÆs Radiological Engineering Calculation, REC-2010-001, ōPublic Dose Estimate from the EMAD 25 Ton Locomotive,ö concluded that the four scenarios evaluated were below the 25-millirem per year limit, the ōlikelyö dose scenarios met the ōfew millirem in a yearö criteria, and that the EMAD 25-ton locomotive met the radiological requirements to be released with residual radioactivity to the public.
Jeremy Gwin and Douglas Frenette
Characterization of the intragranular water regime within subsurface sediments: Pore volume, surface area, and mass transfer limitations
Although 'intragranular' pore space within grain aggregates, grain fractures, and mineral 24 surface coatings may contain a relatively small fraction of the total porosity within a porous 25 medium, it often contains a significant fraction of the reactive surface area, and can thus strongly 26 affect the transport of sorbing solutes. In this work, we demonstrate a batch experiment 27 procedure using tritium and bromide as high-resolution diffusive tracers to characterize the 28 intragranular pore space. The method was tested using uranium-contaminated sediments from 29 the vadose and capillary fringe zones beneath the former 300A process ponds at the Hanford site 30 (Washington State, USA). Sediments were contacted with tracers in artificial groundwater, 31 followed by replacement of bulk solution with tracer-free groundwater and monitoring of tracer 32 release. From these data, intragranular pore volumes were calculated and mass transfer rates 33 were quantified using a multirate first-order mass transfer model. Tritium-hydrogen exchange 34 on surface hydroxyls was accounted for by conducting additional tracer experiments on sediment 35 that was vacuum dried after reaction. The complementary ('wet' and 'dry') techniques allowed 36 for the simultaneous determination of intragranular porosity and surface area using tritium. The 37 Hanford 300A samples exhibited intragranular pore volumes of {approx}1% of the solid volume and 38 intragranular surface areas of {approx}20-30% of the total surface area. Comparison with N2 gas 39 adsorption suggests that this pore space includes both 'micropores' (< 2 nm diameter) and 40 'mesopores' (> 2 nm). Intragranular porosity estimates obtained using bromide were 41 significantly smaller, likely due to anion exclusion of Br- from pores with negatively charged 42 surfaces.
Hay, Michael B.; Stoliker, Deborah L.; Davis, James A.; Zachara, John M.
Wind- and thermal-driven air flows and the buoyancy and advection effects on air exchange within urban environments
Human exposure to air pollutants and thermal stress in urban areas are public health concerns. The year 2008 was the first year when more than half of the human population lived in urban areas. Studies of the urban air ...
Magnusson, Sigurur Pķtur
Complex Adaptive Systems Simulation-Optimization Framework for Adaptive Urban Water Resources Management
Population growth, urbanization and climate change threaten urban water systems. The rise of demands caused by growing urban areas and the potential decrease of water availability caused by the increase of frequency and severity of droughts...
Giacomoni, Marcio
Flexible urbanism
This thesis seeks to find a new approach/method towards urbanization in existing low density neighborhoods in major metropolitan cities in the United States. The near South side of the city of Chicago (a city that carries ...
Anandam, Anahita
Approach to Recover Hydrocarbons from Currently Off-Limit Areas of the Antrim Formation, MI Using Low-Impact Technologies
The goal of this project was to develop and execute a novel drilling and completion program in the Antrim Shale near the western shoreline of Northern Michigan. The target was the gas in the Lower Antrim Formation (Upper Devonian). Another goal was to see if drilling permits could be obtained from the Michigan DNR that would allow exploitation of reserves currently off-limits to exploration. This project met both of these goals: the DNR (Michigan Department of Natural Resources) issued permits that allow drilling the shallow subsurface for exploration and production. This project obtained drilling permits for the original demonstration well AG-A-MING 4-12 HD (API: 21-009-58153-0000) and AG-A-MING 4-12 HD1 (API: 21-009-58153-0100) as well as for similar Antrim wells in Benzie County, MI, the Colfax 3-28 HD and nearby Colfax 2-28 HD which were substituted for the AG-A-MING well. This project also developed successful techniques and strategies for producing the shallow gas. In addition to the project demonstration well over 20 wells have been drilled to date into the shallow Antrim as a result of this project's findings. Further, fracture stimulation has proven to be a vital step in improving the deliverability of wells to deem them commercial. Our initial plan was very simple; the 'J-well' design. We proposed to drill a vertical or slant well 30.48 meters (100 feet) below the glacial drift, set required casing, then angle back up to tap the resource lying between the base to the drift and the conventional vertical well. The 'J'-well design was tested at Mancelona Township in Antrim County in February of 2007 with the St. Mancelona 2-12 HD 3.
James Wood; William Quinlan
Crowdsourcing urban air temperatures from smartphone battery?temperatures
Accurate air temperature observations in urban areas are important for meteorology and energy demand planning. They are indispensable to study the urban heat island effect and the adverse effects of high temperatures on ...
Overeem, A.
Abilene Metropolitan Area Metropolitan Transportation Plan 2010-2035
Lindley, former Abilene City Engineer MPO Staff (Non-Voting) Robert Allen, Abilene MPO Transportation Planning Director Dyess AFB SH 351 SH 351 FM 10 82 Jones County JonesCounty Jones County Jones County Jones County Te xt Jones County Jones... Area Urbanized Area Boundary county lines City Limits Freeways and Expressways Major Streets and Highways Railroad 0241Miles Tye Potosi Caps Dyess AFB Abilene Regional Airport Abilene ??? 20 ??? 20 ??? 20 Hamby State Prisons Lake Fort Phantom Hill...
Abilene Metropolitan Planning Organization
Transportation of radionuclides in urban environs: draft environmental assessment
This report assesses the environmental consequences of the transportation of radioactive materials in densely populated urban areas, including estimates of the radiological, nonradiological, and social impacts arising from this process. The chapters of the report and the appendices which follow detail the methodology and results for each of four causative event categories: incident free transport, vehicular accidents, human errors or deviations from accepted quality assurance practices, and sabotage or malevolent acts. The numerical results are expressed in terms of the expected radiological and economic impacts from each. Following these discussions, alternatives to the current transport practice are considered. Then, the detailed analysis is extended from a limited area of New York city to other urban areas. The appendices contain the data bases and specific models used to evaluate these impacts, as well as discussions of chemical toxicity and the social impacts of radioactive material transport in urban areas. The latter are evaluated for each causative event category in terms of psychological, sociological, political, legal, and organizational impacts. The report is followed by an extensive bibliography covering the many fields of study which were required in performing the analysis.
Finley, N.C.; Aldrich, D.C.; Daniel, S.L.; Ericson, D.M.; Henning-Sachs, C.; Kaestner, P.C.; Ortiz, N.R.; Sheldon, D.D.; Taylor, J.M.
ISDA 2010, Montpellier 28-30 Juin 2010 1 URBAN AND PERI URBAN HORTICULTURE AND
are spreading into rural areas. There is increasing population densities even in remote areas, with households agriculteurs ├®voluent en Afrique, caract├®ris├® par la transition vers une population ├Ā majorit├® urbaine et l the capability approach to analyse the impact of urban and peri urban horticulture on development in Africa
Avian populations of urban woodlands: comparisons, habitat requirements, and management implications
woodland transects. The bird populations of three urban areas were compared. As amount of vegetation increased, number of species, total individuals, and bird species diversity also increased. Urban residential areas were compared to Hensel Park, a...-sized natural area. Numbers of individuals and species were much lower in the large- sized natural area. Nany species preferred urban woodlands. Open and closed parkland transects were compared to the moderately and heavily vegetated urban areas, Species...
Mitchnick, Alan David
"Urban planning and urban services
of deep water aquifers in the Gironde (B. de Grissac, SMEGREG) 68 The challenge of securing drinking water boost city resilience? Municipalities and resilience engineering: the RESILIS project (J-P. Arnaud, Egis, Professor Emeritus of INSA, Lyon) 44 Water and sanitation services and urban resilience (B. Chocat
Large area graphene ion sensitive field effect transistors with tantalum pentoxide sensing layers for pH measurement at the Nernstian limit
We have fabricated and characterized large area graphene ion sensitive field effect transistors (ISFETs) with tantalum pentoxide sensing layers and demonstrated pH sensitivities approaching the Nernstian limit. Low temperature atomic layer deposition was used to deposit tantalum pentoxide atop large area graphene ISFETs. The charge neutrality point of graphene, inferred from quantum capacitance or channel conductance, was used to monitor surface potential in the presence of an electrolyte with varying pH. Bare graphene ISFETs exhibit negligible response, while graphene ISFETs with tantalum pentoxide sensing layers show increased sensitivity reaching up to 55?mV/pH over pH 3 through pH 8. Applying the Bergveld model, which accounts for site binding and a Guoy-Chapman-Stern picture of the surface-electrolyte interface, the increased pH sensitivity can be attributed to an increased buffer capacity reaching up to 10{sup 14} sites/cm{sup 2}. ISFET response was found to be stable to better than 0.05 pH units over the course of two weeks.
Fakih, Ibrahim, E-mail: email@example.com; Sabri, Shadi; Szkopek, Thomas, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2A7 (Canada); Mahvash, Farzaneh [Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2A7 (Canada); Dķpartement de Chimie et Biochimie, Universite du Quķbec Ó Montrķal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8 (Canada); Nannini, Matthieu [McGill Nanotools Microfab, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2A7 (Canada); Siaj, Mohamed [Dķpartement de Chimie et Biochimie, Universite du Quķbec Ó Montrķal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8 (Canada)
Limited Lawn & Limited Commercial
Limited Lawn & Ornamental Limited Commercial Landscape Maintenance Review and Exams Limited for Commercial Landscape Maintenance Application: http://www.flaes.org/ pdf/lndspckt.pdf Limited Certification.floridatermitehelp.org or request by phone at 850-921-4177. Limited Lawn & Ornamental/Limited Commercial Landscape Maintenance
Watson, Craig A.
Limited Lawn & Ornamental Limited Commercial Landscape Maintenance Review and Exams Limited-921-4177. Limited Lawn & Ornamental/Limited Commercial Landscape Maintenance: Ornamental and Turf Pest Control (SM 7&O/Structural only). See web locations below for applications. Limited Certification for Commercial Landscape
Jawitz, James W.
Implementing Arrangement Between the U.S. Department of Energy and the Department of Natural Resources of Canada and Atomic Energy of Canada Limited For Collaboration in the Area of Nuclear Research
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
Implementing Arrangement Between the U.S. Department of Energy and the Department of Natural Resources of Canada and Atomic Energy of Canada Limited For Collaboration in the Area of Nuclear Research
Effects of urban land cover modifications in a mesoscale meteorological model on surface temperature and heat fluxes in the Phoenix metropolitan area.
and latent heat fluxes and therefore the ground temperature, Tg. Evaporation, E, for each grid cell temperature and heat fluxes in the Phoenix metropolitan area. S. Grossman-Clarke1, J.A. Zehnder2, and W) satellite images [2]. The data were upscaled to a 30-second grid and used to augment and correct
Urban Form Energy Use and Emissions in China: Preliminary Findings and Model Proof of Concept
urban areas US national-level data on transportation and land use Purpose Development of sector GHG emissions inventories
Aden, Nathaniel
South Africa-Promoting Low Emission Urban Development Strategies...
Open Energy Info (EERE)
Countries (URBAN-LEDS) AgencyCompany Organization ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability, European Commission, UN Habitat Sector Climate, Energy Focus Area Renewable...
Promoting Low Emission Urban Development Strategies in Emerging...
Project (URBAN LEDS) AgencyCompany Organization ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability Sector Climate, Energy Focus Area Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency Topics Low...
Urban Decontamination Experience at Pripyat Ukraine - 13526
This paper describes the efficiency of radioactive decontamination activities of the urban landscape in the town of Pripyat, Ukraine. Different methods of treatment for various urban infrastructure and different radioactive contaminants are assessed. Long term changes in the radiation condition of decontaminated urban landscapes are evaluated: 1. Decontamination of the urban system requires the simultaneous application of multiple methods including mechanical, chemical, and biological. 2. If a large area has been contaminated, decontamination of local areas of a temporary nature. Over time, there is a repeated contamination of these sites due to wind transport from neighboring areas. 3. Involvement of earth-moving equipment and removal of top soil by industrial method achieves 20-fold reduction in the level of contamination by radioactive substances, but it leads to large amounts of waste (up to 1500 tons per hectare), and leads to the re-contamination of treated areas due to scatter when loading, transport pollutants on the wheels of vehicles, etc.. (authors)
Paskevych, Sergiy [Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 36 a Kirova str. Chornobyl, Kiev region, 07200 (Ukraine)] [Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 36 a Kirova str. Chornobyl, Kiev region, 07200 (Ukraine); Voropay, Dmitry [Federal State Unitary Enterprise 'Russian State Center of Inventory and Registration and Real Estate - Federal Bureau of Technical Inventory', 37-2 Bernadsky Prospekt, Moscow Russia 119415 (Russian Federation)] [Federal State Unitary Enterprise 'Russian State Center of Inventory and Registration and Real Estate - Federal Bureau of Technical Inventory', 37-2 Bernadsky Prospekt, Moscow Russia 119415 (Russian Federation); Schmieman, Eric [Battelle Memorial Institute, PO Box 999 MSIN K6-90, Richland, WA 99352 (United States)] [Battelle Memorial Institute, PO Box 999 MSIN K6-90, Richland, WA 99352 (United States)
Metromorphosis : evolution on the urban island
Cities are very much alive. Like islands, they provide a natural testing ground for evolution. With more than half of the world's population living in urban areas now, the influence cities have on the planet's life is ...
Vezina, Kenrick (Kenrick Freitas)
Radiation protection and decision-making on cleanup of contaminated urban environments
--4000 Roskilde,4000 Roskilde, DenmarkDenmark NKS Conference on Radioactive Contamination in Urban Areas-making NKS Conference on Radioactive Contamination in Urban Areas, Ris├Ė National Laboratory, 7 - 9 May 2003Justification of cleanup NKS Conference on Radioactive Contamination in Urban Areas, Ris├Ė National Laboratory, 7 - 9 May
Solar Power for Deployment in Populated Areas.
??The thesis presents background on solar thermal energy and addresses the structural challenges associated with the deployment of concentrating solar power fields in urban areas.ģ (more)
Hicks, Nathan Andrew
Methodologies for Analyzing Impact of Urbanization on Irrigation Districts
and structural image information. By overlapping urbanization maps to the water distribution network, we identified critical areas of impact. This impact was expressed as density of network fragments per unit area, or Network Fragmentation Index (NFI). A...
Bonaiti, G.; Fipps, G.
Effect of Government Policies on Urban and Rural Income Inequality
al. (2001), although the impact of the recent welfare reform does not appear to differ greatly that the impact of welfare reform on employment and earnings in the rural areas is smaller than in the urban areas
Perloff, Jeffrey M.
Evaluating undeveloped urban forest resources using color infrared imagery
, thereby putting increased pressure on undeveloped rural areas. With urban development expanding into rural areas (mostly non-industrial private forest land), resource managers need to examine existing forest resources and recommend methods of protection...
Snelgrove, Robert Todd
Behavioral ecology of striped skunk: factors influencing urban rabies management
within urban areas by using short grass area baiting strategies during the fall season, using dip net capturing for faster surveillance collection, and by initiating a rabies education program targeted at TexasÆ primary care physicians and their staff....
Ruffino, Denise Marie
Temperature response to future urbanization and climate change Daniel Argueso Jason P. Evans Lluis Fita
that covers the Sydney area. The future simulation incorporates the projected changes in the urban area in regions of intense energy consumption and low net radiation. The imperviousness of urban surfaces was alsoTemperature response to future urbanization and climate change Daniel Argu┬©eso ┬Ę Jason P. Evans
Evans, Jason
Estimating Water Quality Pollution Impacts Based on Economic Loss Models in Urbanization Process
Estimating Water Quality Pollution Impacts Based on Economic Loss Models in Urbanization Process Abstract: The study investigates water quality pollution impacts on urbanization by analyzing temporal, more populations were moved from rural area into urban area, and more costs were input in water quality
Yu, Qian
Eddy covariance flux measurements of pollutant gases in urban Mexico City
Eddy covariance (EC) flux measurements of the atmosphere/surface exchange of gases over an urban area are a direct way to improve and evaluate emissions inventories, and, in turn, to better understand urban atmospheric ...
Velasco, Erik
Urban agriculture and operational mosquito larvae control: mitigating malaria risk in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Urban agriculture and operational mosquito larvae control: mitigating malaria risk in Dar es Salaam ................................................................................................... 8 1.4 Study area: Dar es Salaam ...................................................................................10 1.5 Urban agriculture in Dar es Salaam
Richner, Heinz
Development of a fast, urban chemistry metamodel for inclusion in global models
A reduced form metamodel has been produced to simulate the effects of physical, chemical, and meteorological processing of highly reactive trace species in urban areas, which is capable of efficiently simulating the urban ...
Cohen, Jason Blake
Urban land subdivision : a case for more practical by-laws, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
This thesis, dealing with the land subdivision in urban areas, evaluates inefficiency of the case studies resulting from inadequate and improper existing by-laws in Kaohsiung and provides guidelines for urban development. ...
Chen, Hsueh-Jane
Time series study of urban rainfall suppression during clean-up periods
The effect on urban rainfall of pollution aerosols is studied both by data analysis and computational simulation. Our study examines data for urban areas undergoing decadal clean-up. We compare the annual precipitation between polluted sites...
Geng, Jun
Controlling Tree Squirrels in Urban Areas
squirrel in Texas. TCE?Wildlife Services P.O. Box 100410 ? San Antonio, Texas 78201-1710 1M, Reprint ...
Managing Imported Fire Ants in Urban Areas
The imported fire ant is found in much of Texas and across the southeastern U.S. This publication describes options for managing the pest in specific locations such as home lawns, gardens and buildings. Other topics include fire ant treatment...
Drees, Bastiaan M.
Lake Charles Urbanized Area MTP 2034
demand at both the regional and corridor levels. ? Invest in a public transit system that meets the existing and projected needs of the region by developing coordinated routes and schedules through the establishment of a coordinated region transit...
Lake Charles Urbanized Area Metropolitan Planning Organization
Controlling Roosting Birds in Urban Areas
. Pyrotechnics (Before any pyrotechnic devices are used, notifylocalauthorities.) Shell crackers. Thesedevicesare12-gauge shotgun shells that contain firecrackers. When discharged,thefirecrackersarelaunchedabout 200 feet into the air before they explode...
Wilderness Issues for Urban-Proximate Areas
with baling twine. A large pit contained institutional- sized food containers, some bearing identification of diesel oil to i
Standiford, Richard B.
Contextualizing urban mobile fabrics
This thesis is focus on the urban fabric issues. To be more specific, I will focus on the "Mobile Fabrics" within the larger Asian urban context. Instead of working with a specific geographical site; I will focus on the ...
Lin, Michael Chia-Liang
P11.3 EFFECTS OF NESTING FREQUENCY AND LATERAL BOUNDARY PERTURBATIONS ON THE DISPERSION OF LIMITED of ensemble fore- casts, also lack consistent perturbations. Pertur- bations growing on the nested domain on the effect of LBC update in- terval on the nested-grid ensemble dispersion. Other results will be presented
Xue, Ming
UrbanSolutionsCenter Soil Organic Matter and Compost Utilization
UrbanSolutionsCenter Soil Organic Matter and Compost Utilization Background High clay content soils is yard waste compost, and composting is becoming increasingly common in urban areas due to municipal yard waste collection and composting programs such as the one in Plano, Texas. Wastewater biosolids
Urban Computing With City Dynamics Dr. Yu Zheng
Urban Computing With City Dynamics Dr. Yu Zheng Lead Researcher Microsoft Research Asia http://research.microsoft.com/en-us flow Human mobility Energy consumption Environment Economic Populations ...... Data available Mobile, person, vehicle, building, and street in the urban areas can be used as a component to sense city
Rajamani, Sriram K.
Department of Entomology JAPANESE BEETLES IN THE URBAN LANDSCAPE
Department of Entomology E-75-W JAPANESE BEETLES IN THE URBAN LANDSCAPE Timothy J. Gibb of the Japanese beetle are found in rural and urban areas throughout Indiana.This insect is most damaging tolawns, E) must first be diluted in water, then applied as a spray. Both spray and granular applications
Ginzel, Matthew
Improvement of modelling capabilities for assessing urban contamination : The EMRAS Urban Remediation Working Group.
The Urban Remediation Working Group of the International Atomic Energy Agency's Environmental Modeling for Radiation Safety (EMRAS) programme was established to improve modeling and assessment capabilities for radioactively contaminated urban situations, including the effects of countermeasures. An example of the Working Group's activities is an exercise based on Chernobyl fallout data in Ukraine, which has provided an opportunity to compare predictions among several models and with available measurements, to discuss reasons for discrepancies, and to identify areas where additional information would be helpful.
Thiessen, K. M.; Batandjieva, B.; Andersson, K. G.; Arkhipov, A.; Charnock, T. W.; Gallay, F.; Gaschak, S.; Golikov, V.; Hwang, W. T.; Kaiser, J. C.; Kamboj, S.; Steiner, M.; Tomas, J.; Trifunovic, D.; Yu, C.; Ziemer, R. L.; Zlobenko, B.; Environmental Science Division; SENES Oak Ridge; IAEA; Riso National Lab.; Chernobyl Center for Nuclear Safety; Health Protection Agency; IRSN; Inst. of Radiation Hygene of the Ministry of Public Health, Russian Federation; KAERI, Republic of Korea; GSF, Germany; BfS, Germany; CPHR, Cuba; State Office for Radiation Protection, Croatia; AECL, Canada; National Academy of Science, Ukraine
Feasibility of rainwater harvesting for urban water management in Salt Lake City.
??Water managers in the western United States are being challenged by rapid urban growth and limited water availability. The development of new water resources isģ (more)
Jensen, Mark A
Ris-R-Report Urban Wind Energy-State of the Art 2009
-shore, the erection of wind turbines in urban areas is carried out and also shows perspectives regarding e. g. direct set the application of wind turbines in the urban environment in a relevant perspective. Information.risoe.dtu.dk #12;Ris├Ė-R-1668(EN) 3 1 INTRODUCTION 4 2 URBAN WIND TURBINES 5 2.1 Turbines Integrated in Buildings 5
ORIGINAL ARTICLE The study of metal contamination in urban topsoils of Mexico City
- politan area of Mexico City. Keywords Heavy metals Á GIS Á Mexico City Á Urban topsoils Á Pollution ÁORIGINAL ARTICLE The study of metal contamination in urban topsoils of Mexico City using GIS Mari distribution of heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Zn, Ba, Co, Cr, Ni and V) in the urban environments of Mexico City using
Short, Daniel
Urban Influences on Stream Chemistry and Biology in the Big Brushy Creek Watershed, South Carolina
and rural sites. Discharge of wastewater treatment plant effluent at one rural location caused an increase land cover. wastewater treatment plant 1 Introduction The expansion of urban land areas affects between urban and rural sites may indicate that urban development in the Big Brushy Creek watershed has
Urban Physiology: City Ants Possess High Heat Tolerance Michael J. Angilletta Jr1
Urban Physiology: City Ants Possess High Heat Tolerance Michael J. Angilletta Jr1 *, Robbie S on a global scale, leading to urban heat islands as much as 12uC hotter than their surroundings. Optimality models predict ectotherms in urban areas should tolerate heat better and cold worse than ectotherms
Angilletta, Michael
The Future of Shrinking Cities: Problems, Patterns and Strategies of Urban Transformation in a Global Context
energy, high-density center city, St. Louis became an areaCity How Do Low Energy Communities Affect Older Urban Areas?city of incredible energy, throughout the day and evening. Today The former commercial area
Karina Pallagst; et al
A model of stable geomorphic form for an urban stream, College Station, Texas
the transmission of water to the drainage network. Conversely, in urban areas, only a small percentage of rain water can enter the subsurface, with the result that greater quantities of water reach the stream drainage system, arriving shortly after the storm... these processes, frequently to problem levels. In an urban stream system, large volumes of water enter the system within a very short time period, resulting in both high stream velocities and erosion. Extensive erosion in urban areas, especially in areas...
Woodhouse, Elizabeth Gail
Modeling urban runoff characteristics
the impact that urban1zation has on storm runoff. An accurate method is required to model urban watersheds and to simulate storm runoff. Research Objectives The purpose of this research was to quantitatively define the effect that urbanization has... are typical in the sense that they follow the steps outlined above. These models include: the British Road Research Laboratory Nodel (RRL), 1962; the Chicago Hydrograph Method (NERO), 1970; the Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management Model...
Garcia, Alfred
E-Print Network 3.0 - alleviating urban energy Sample Search...
Alleviation of Poverty through Provision of Local Energy Services 32... Integrated Energy Centres in ruralperi- urban areas New cleaner fuels, e.g. ethanol gel as...
Potential Urban Forest Carbon Sequestration and Storage Capacities in Burnside Industrial Park, Nova Scotia.
??Urban and industrial settings represent potential areas for increased carbon (C) sequestration and storage through intensified tree growth. Consisting of an estimated 1270 ha ofģ (more)
Walsh, Alison
Artful urban rainwater harvesting.
??Until recently, stormwater management has been so integrated into the urban environment that the importance of proper stormwater management has not translated to the mindsģ (more)
Sparnicht, Christopher William
Urban redevelopment in sunbelt cities : strategies and approaches
Most Sunbelt cities reflect the suburbanization that characterized urban growth and development over the past forty years. Given this dispersion, these cities often contain large areas of strategically located land that ...
Moore, James A. (James Andrew), 1959-
update: Emerging research opportunities in global urban ecology
populations. Ā GlobalĀ EcologyĀ andĀ Bio? geography,Ā20,ĀGlobalĀ changeĀ andĀ theĀ ecologyĀ ofĀ cities. Ā Science,ĀratesĀinĀurbanĀareas. ĀEcologyĀLetters,Ā12,Ā1165¢ LaĀSorte,Ā
La Sorte, Frank A.
and Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.3.1 Data and Data Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.3.2 Analysis Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2... area in this study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.2 The daily average LSTs of Houston urban and non-Houston urban areas during 11 years. The daily average LSTs are arranged as 8-day period by 45 8-day periods in a year by 11 years...
Hu, Leiqiu
Perception of principals in the southern, urban U.S. and eastern, urban China regarding the selection, preparation, and professional development of elementary principals
schools in eastern China. The naturalistic paradigm of inquiry was used to frame the study and acquire and analyze data. The sample consisted of fourteen elementary school principals in a southern, urban area in the U.S. and an eastern, urban area in China...
Lin, Jie
E-Print Network 3.0 - area prediction method Sample Search Results
presently. The first area... is the documentation of radiation dispersion in rural and urban areas subsequent to release from a nuclear accident... are deposited in forested...
The different urban efforts to revitalize urban neighborhoods in the United States and the United Kingdom: comparative case study based on governmental responses focusing on urban neighborhood revitalization
of Housing and Urban Development, 1975) Stable and viable #0;? Homogeneous #0;? New #0;? Single family First Grade "A" Area (green) Well-planned, homogeneous population First Stage New residential construction Stage 1 Single-family residential... to be marked by the dramatic fall of employment opportunities as well as decisions by public and private institutions that were detrimental to urban neighborhoods by discouraging investment and support for social and institutional resources in them...
Ko, Youngho
Recursive relational urban design
This thesis proposes a methodology for the act of urban design that is recursive and centered around explicit relational operations, enabled by taking advantage of computation and parametric techniques. It contains iterative ...
Hillman, Dessen
TQ4. Human Health and Urbanization How does urbanization affect the local, regional, and global
-Questions ┬Ę How do changes in land cover and land use affect surface energy balance and the sustainability areas are considerably warmer than their rural counterparts and this phenomenon is known as the urban: ┬ĘSatellite observations for measurement of surface temperature, energy balance, energy fluxes, emissivity
Christian, Eric
FORESTRY United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Northeastern Area #12;Page 2 D R AFT BACKGROUND AND MISSION The Northeast Center for Urban and Community Forestry was estab- lished in October. The Northeast Center for Urban and Community Forestry responds to urban and community forestry information needs
Schweik, Charles M.
Global Cooling: Effect of Urban Albedo on Global Temperature
In many urban areas, pavements and roofs constitute over 60% of urban surfaces (roof 20-25%, pavements about 40%). The roof and the pavement albedo can be increased by about 0.25 and 0.10, respectively, resulting in a net albedo increase for urban areas of about 0.1. Many studies have demonstrated building cooling-energy savings in excess of 20% upon raising roof reflectivity from an existing 10-20% to about 60%. We estimate U.S. potential savings in excess of $1 billion (B) per year in net annual energy bills. Increasing albedo of urban surfaces can reduce the summertime urban temperature and improve the urban air quality. Increasing the urban albedo has the added benefit of reflecting more of the incoming global solar radiation and countering the effect of global warming. We estimate that increasing albedo of urban areas by 0.1 results in an increase of 3 x 10{sup -4} in Earth albedo. Using a simple global model, the change in air temperature in lowest 1.8 km of the atmosphere is estimated at 0.01K. Modelers predict a warming of about 3K in the next 60 years (0.05K/year). Change of 0.1 in urban albedo will result in 0.01K global cooling, a delay of {approx}0.2 years in global warming. This 0.2 years delay in global warming is equivalent to 10 Gt reduction in CO2 emissions.
Akbari, Hashem; Menon, Surabi; Rosenfeld, Arthur
Taipei mobility : gone in less than 300 seconds : mixed modality transportation system in dense mixed-use urban fabric, take Taipei City for example
Urban designers and planners always try to tackle the urban issues from spatial, cultural and economical point of views; However, sometimes these issues were limited or, even more, created by current transportation system. ...
Chuang, Chih-Chao
The urban perspectives of acid rain. Workshop summary
This report documents discussions held during a workshop an Urban Perspective of Acid Rain. The workshop was sponsored by the Office of the Director, National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP). NAPAP anticipates giving increased emphasis to the benefits in urban areas of emissions reductions. The goal of this informal, exploratory workshop was to serve as a first step towards identifying pollutant monitoring, and research and assessment needs to help answer, from an urban perspective, the two key questions posed to NAPAP by Congress: (1) what are the costs, benefits, and effectiveness of the acid rain control program, and (2) what reductions in deposition, rates are needed in order to prevent adverse effects? The workshop addressed research activities needed to respond to these questions. The discussions focused. sequentially, on data needs, data and model availability, and data and modeling gaps. The discussions concentrated on four areas of effects: human health, materials, urban forests, and visibility.
Tonn, B.E.
West Central North East Area of Tucson
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 West Central North East Area of Tucson #Individuals Anna Broad-billed Costa Rufous Black-chinned 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 West Central North East Area of Tucson not be conflicting, and urban areas may actually provide valuable surrogates for degraded habitats. Our knowledge
Comparisons of cat and dog rabies vaccination rates between epizootic to non-epizootic counties and urban to rural counties in the state of Texas
between urban and rural areas were also done because the majority of the epizootic counties fall into rural counties. Samples of vaccinated cats and dogs with Zoonotic Incident Records that compared the epizootic to non-epizootic counties and urban...
Martin-Harborth, Michelle Lynn
Wildfire Risk Assessment and Community Wildfire Protection in the Chilhowee Mountain Area of Blount County, East Tennessee.
??The growing Wildland Urban Interface community in the Chilhowee Mountain area of Blount County, Tennessee, like many other forested areas in the mountains and hillsģ (more)
Chimchome, Piyarat
Architecture & Urban Planning College of Architecture & Urban Planning
Architecture & Urban Planning College of Architecture & Urban Planning Architecture (ARCH) 300 projects for the remainder of the term. 560 Macroecon Envir Bus 3.00 ADVISORY, ENFORCED 74595 P RW REC 451
Shyy, Wei
Architecture & Urban Planning College of Architecture & Urban Planning Architecture (ARCH) 690 Arc is reserved for Executive MBA students only, and meets from 7/19- 9/6. 637 Macroecon Envir Bus 1.50 ADVISORY
Alien plants in urban nature reserves: from red-list species to future invaders? 27 Alien plants in urban nature reserves
Alien plants in urban nature reserves: from red-list species to future invaders? 27 Alien plants 2011 Citation: Jaros├Łk V, Pysek P, KadlecT (2011) Alien plants in urban nature reserves: from red in these protected areas are complicated by high proportions of alien species. We examined which environmental
Kratochv├Łl, Lukas
Urban Growth and Climate Change
air pollution or urban water pollution, local and nationalbasic services of clean water and sanitation for a growing
Kahn, Matthew E.
The urban coffee shop
This thesis is an investigation of the role of the coffee shop in the urban environment throughout history. Coffee shops spread from the Arab world to Europe and then to the U.S. at the end of the seventeenth century. ...
Chadios, Konstantinos
architecture architecture urban & regional
in architectural design, history, building construction, structures, and environmental technology from ourlandscape architecture architecture urban & regional planning environment + design college of fine-disciplinary studies. 18-to-1 Student-Teacher Ratio You'll enjoy individual, one-on-one attention in your architecture
Hwu, Wen-mei W.
Influence of the thermophoresis on aerosol deposition on warm urban surfaces P. Roupsard1
.email@example.com In the case of an accidental or chronic atmospheric pollution by a nuclear plant, aerosols' deposition in the radioactive plume on urban areas with the smallest uncertainties. In this case, deposition must be determined locally in urban canopy. In dry atmospheric conditions, transfer coefficients are defined by the dry
Effects of white roofs on urban temperature in a global climate model
over all urban areas, the annual mean heat island decreased by 33%. Urban daily maximum temperature decreased by 0.6░C and daily minimum temperature by 0.3░C. Spatial variability in the heat island response is caused by changes in absorbed solar...
Oleson, Keith W.; Bonan, Gordon B.; Feddema, Johannes J.
Urban Computing With City Dynamics http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/urbancomputing/default.aspx
Urban Computing With City Dynamics http://research.microsoft.com/en-us flow Human mobility Energy consumption Environment Economic Populations ...... Data available Mobile, person, vehicle, building, and street in the urban areas can be used as a component to sense city
1 WATER POVERTY IN THE PERI-URBAN TERRITORIES OF MUMBAI, INDIA Anastasia Angueletou Ph.D. student addresses water poverty in the peri-urban areas of Mumbai1 . The term "water poverty" refers to a variety of situations where people lack from sufficient water in terms of quality and quantity or from enough money
Observations and Numerical Simulations of Urban Heat Island and Sea Breeze Circulations over New York City
-level pollutant dispersion. When an urban area is located at the coast of a large body of water, complexitiesObservations and Numerical Simulations of Urban Heat Island and Sea Breeze Circulations over New examined during several synoptic scale flow regimes over New York City after the World Trade Center
Raman, Sethu
E-Print Network 3.0 - area southwestern nevada Sample Search...
ranging from the Sierra Nevada in California to southwestern Utah... within Clark County, Nevada, typify several fast-growing urban areas within former tortoise habitat...
Localization and 3D Reconstruction of Urban Scenes Using GPS
D models in Google earth ┬Ę Manual modeling and texturing (sketch-up) ┬Ę 3D model covers limited area
Haro, Antonio
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious Rank EERE:YearRound-Up fromDepartmentTieCelebrate Earth Day with SecretaryDerivedof&6. LIST OF::12467
Utvõrdering av urbanĀvindkraft; Evaluation of urbanĀwindmill.
?? NCC har i samarbete med IVL Svenska Milj÷institutet och Solna Stad startat ett projekt dõr alternativ energiproduktion i urban milj÷ ligger i fokus. Ettģ (more)
Melin, Bj÷rn
Redesigning rural life : relocation and In Situ urbanization in a Shandong village by Saul Kriger Wilson.
The Chinese government's attempts to improve village public service provision, limit the loss of arable land, and coordinate urbanization have converged in land readjustment schemes to rebuild some villages as more densely ...
Wilson, Saul Kriger
Casinos in context : the impacts of stand-alone casino development on urban neighborhoods
As the stigma of gambling fades and governments seek more sources of revenue the urban casino is becoming more common. Many of these are legalized to operate with limited competition in their state, standing alone in their ...
Schray, Luke J. (Luke Joseph)
The folding Roboscooter : structural analysis for an electric scooter used in urban conditions
The Roboscooter is an electric, folding scooter designed for use in dense urban areas where congestion and pollution is a problem. Already heavily used in most European cities, scooters provide cheaper, faster transportation ...
Petron, Arthur J
Research Summary The management of roe deer in peri-urban Scotland
, scale and map the distribution of `drivers' of people┬Łdeer interactions in peri- urban areas mprovide of relationships between initial Drivers, the Pressures they create, the resultant State of the environment
Composition, sources, and formation of secondary organic aerosols from urban emissions
City, Mexico; Bakersfield, US), urban pollution-influencedthe Mexico City basin, suggesting that the air pollution notMexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) is the second largest megacity in the world. Although its pollution
Liu, Shang; Liu, Shang
Form in the [middle]-ground : urban/suburban sprawl in Georgia & Tennessee
Over the next quarter century the U.S. population will expand by 25 percent, an unprecedented steep and rapid increase that has already begun. The urban and suburban land area has been expanding to create a sprawling ...
Prevendar, Nathaniel J. (Nathaniel Joseph)
Development of a Fast and Detailed Model of Urban-Scale Chemical and Physical Processing
A reduced form metamodel has been produced to simulate the effects of physical, chemical, and meteorological processing of highly reactive trace species in hypothetical urban areas, which is capable of efficiently simulating ...
Prinn, Ronald G.
Urban-scale impacts on the global-scale composition and climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols
A reduced form meta model has been produced to simulate the effects of physical, chemical, and meteorological processing of highly reactive trace species in hypothetical urban areas, which is capable of efficiently simulating ...
Tenements : dwellings for the urban poor. Comparative study illustrating 28 cases in developing countries
Tenements are significant systems that provide habitation to the poor in most of the urban areas of the developing countries. Yet, tenements are practically ignored if not prohibited by the public sector and consequently ...
Aliman, Isam Mohammad
Rethinking walled residential compound in peripheral urban China : a guideline for boundary and size design
In the last two decades, with the high speed urbanization, walled residential compound as the typical housing development is being constructed on a large scale in peripheral areas of Chinese cities. Its self-enclosing ...
Sun, Na
Carbon Dioxide Reduction Through Urban Forestry
. Retrieval Terms: urban forestry, carbon dioxide, sequestration, avoided energy The Authors E. Gregory McCarbon Dioxide Reduction Through Urban Forestry: Guidelines for Professional and Volunteer Tree; Simpson, James R. 1999. Carbon dioxide reduction through urban forestry
UrbanSolutionsCenter Urban Uses for Dairy Manure Compost
UrbanSolutionsCenter Urban Uses for Dairy Manure Compost Background Construction of new homes with time and with heat and drought stress. Dairy manure compost (DMC) is readily available for amending regulatory agencies are developing mechanisms for using composted dairy manure to remedy disturbed soils
Bicycle Urbanism Symposium Page 1 of 15 BICYCLE URBANISM SYMPOSIUM
Bicycle Urbanism Symposium Page 1 of 15 BICYCLE URBANISM SYMPOSIUM SESSION DETAILS (Last updated Bicycle and Transit Connections in Seattle (panel) Chris Breiland, Fehr and Peers (moderator) Eileen it, how to get people to ride and become a great bicycling city? (workshop) Sara Zora, City
Hochberg, Michael
Bicycle Urbanism Symposium Page 1 of 4 BICYCLE URBANISM SYMPOSIUM
Bicycle Urbanism Symposium Page 1 of 4 BICYCLE URBANISM SYMPOSIUM POSTERS (Last updated June 19. Alternative and adaptive transportation: how do availability of bicycle, pedestrian and transit facilities. Benefit-Cost Analysis of Repealing Bicycle Helmet Regulations--Implications for the City of Seattle Zun
, the implementation of Best Management Practices (BMPs) capable of controlling or removing Hg and PCBs from urban for preliminary prioritization of best management practices (BMPs) (Section 5). Section 3: Describes areas and storm water, measurements of loads in stormwater, and demonstration that either loads
Model Based Vehicle Tracking for Autonomous Driving in Urban Environments
Model Based Vehicle Tracking for Autonomous Driving in Urban Environments Anna Petrovskaya environments. This paper describes moving vehicle tracking module that we developed for our autonomous driving in this area. DARPA has organized a series of competitions for autonomous vehicles. In 2005, autonomous
The Urban Environmental Gradient: Anthropogenic Influences on the
Georgia, through Atlanta, to the Gulf of Mexico and reflects a steep gradient in population density from as vehicular traffic. Introduction Many of the common anthropogenic pollution problems are focused in urban geographic areas. Suburbia does not contribute much by way of industrial pollution, but it does serve
1 MOBILITY MEASUREMENT IN URBAN TRANSPORTATION (MMUT) RESEARCH PROJECT Project Summary ┬Ł FY 2010 procedures and resulting performance measures have been used in multimodal measurement efforts in many U fund effort will be on some emerging topical areas. The goals of the proposed research project include
190 India Infrastructure Report 2006 URBAN ENERGY MANAGEMENT
to reach you news about your city and your area, especially to gauge when electricity might be restored190 India Infrastructure Report 2006 URBAN ENERGY MANAGEMENT Prem K. Kalra and Rajiv Shekhar 9 I ndia's cities are the engines of her economic growth. To provide an environment conducive to the buzz
Columbia University
Performance of building cladding in urban environments under extreme winds
Performance of building cladding in urban environments under extreme winds By Tiphaine Williamsa ABSTRACT: When tropical storms, hurricanes, typhoons and other extreme wind events make landfall-rise construction in these regions, as well as other areas impacted by extreme wind events, generally reveal
Kareem, Ahsan
Urban Atmospheres captures a unique, synergistic moment
Urban Atmospheres captures a unique, synergistic moment Ł expanding urban populations, rapid EDITORS Eric Paulos Intel Research firstname.lastname@example.com Tom Jenkins Royal College of Art thomas
Paulos, Eric
Urban Enterprise Zone Program (New Jersey)
New Jersey's Urban Enterprise (UEZ) Program operates under the Department of Community Affairs. The UEZ Program exists to foster an economic climate that revitalizes designated urban communities...
Environmental security planning : an application to the Longwood Medical Area
The thesis is a study of the security problems due to street crime in the Longwood Medical Area of Boston. The first part of the thesis defines the theories and practices of environmental security .planning, the urban ...
Garmaise, Miriam Gail
Planning for mitigating climate change risk to metropolitan areas (USA)
In the last couple of decades, there has been increasing evidence of changes in global climate. With urban areas identified as the primary contributors to the climate change, there is an impetus for initiatives to persuade major contributors...
Grover, Himanshu
Analysis of wet deposition at an urban location
Wet deposition data collected at the Detroit Edison urban site provided a clear chemical profile at this location for the period studied. Correlations of major anions with acidity indicate that decreases in pH are associated with increases in sulfates and nitrates. However, other components not measured may have a bearing on pH reductions. The differences between two locations 70 km apart were quite small on the average. Strong local source influences at the urban location were not evident in the limited data set available for study. Wind direction can help determine the ultimate origins of pollutants.
Foltman, R.A.
RESEARCH INTERESTS My research has four major areas of emphasis presently. The first area is the
is the documentation of radiation dispersion in rural and urban areas subsequent to release from a nuclear accident to refine models for predicting fallout patterns subsequent to nuclear dispersive weapons (dirty bombs and outside of the body. Radiation dosimetry is a central tenet of my third area of research, the biological
Chesser, Ronald Keith
, Column modelling, Urban area. 1. Introduction As in many big cities throughout the world, pollution recently, no comprehensive dedicated study of the processes leading to the severe pollution episodes urban areas such as Athens, Mexico or Los Angeles, for example. Moreover, Paris is located sufficiently
Menut, Laurent
Nuclear EMP simulation for large-scale urban environments. FDTD for electrically large problems.
In case of a terrorist nuclear attack in a metropolitan area, EMP measurement could provide: (1) a prompt confirmation of the nature of the explosion (chemical or nuclear) for emergency response; and (2) and characterization parameters of the device (reaction history, yield) for technical forensics. However, urban environment could affect the fidelity of the prompt EMP measurement (as well as all other types of prompt measurement): (1) Nuclear EMP wavefront would no longer be coherent, due to incoherent production, attenuation, and propagation of gamma and electrons; and (2) EMP propagation from source region outward would undergo complicated transmission, reflection, and diffraction processes. EMP simulation for electrically-large urban environment: (1) Coupled MCNP/FDTD (Finite-difference time domain Maxwell solver) approach; and (2) FDTD tends to be limited to problems that are not 'too' large compared to the wavelengths of interest because of numerical dispersion and anisotropy. We use a higher-order low-dispersion, isotropic FDTD algorithm for EMP propagation.
Smith, William S. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Bull, Jeffrey S. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Wilcox, Trevor [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Bos, Randall J. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Shao, Xuan-Min [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Goorley, John T. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Costigan, Keeley R. [Los Alamos National Laboratory
California Urban and Biodiversity Analysis (CURBA)
California Urban and Biodiversity Analysis (CURBA) Model #12;Presentation Overview ┬Ę Model Overview and Fragmentation Analysis Modules ┬Ę Indication of Effects of Policy on Biodiversity Model Overview #12;┬Ę Urban on Biodiversity Model Overview #12;Urban Growth Model: Review ┬Ę Estimate county based urbanization equations: Prob
Clarke, Keith
Short communication Study of pollution dispersion in urban areas using
of the Reynolds numbers covers the laminar, transitional and part of the turbulent regimes of the flow (CFD) and Geographic Information System (GIS) A.K.M. Chua , R.C.W. Kwokb , K.N. Yua, * a Department rights reserved. Keywords: Street canyons; Computational Fluid Dynamics; CFD; CFX; Geographic Information
Yu, K.N.
Statistical sampling plans for travel time measurement in urban areas
and Vehicle Advisory Navigation Concept (ADVANCE) project, an IVHS operational test in the suburbs of Chicago, will be utilizing approximately 5, 000 probe vehicles for the collection of travel time information via in-vehicle navigation and information...
Turner, Shawn
Intake fraction of nonreactive vehicle emissions in US urban areas
transfer factors for air pollution health risk assessment.better understanding of air pollution health effects. IntakeFuel combustion, air pollution exposure, and health: The
Marshall, Julian D.; Teoh, Soon-Kay; Nazaroff, William W.
Applications of sustainable technology to retrofits in urban areas
Energy Losses from old buildings comprise a significant percentage of the total residential energy consumption in the United States. Retrofitting buildings for conservation can greatly decrease the present energy demand ...
Taylor, Paki (Paki A.), 1974-
New Orleans Urbanized Area Metropolitan Transportation Plan FY 2032
and US 90------------------------------------------------------ 45 Florida Avenue Bridge at the IHNC------------------------------------------------------------------ 46 Interstate 10 Bottleneck Elimination & Interchange Reconstruction...-------------------------- 47 I-10 East Widening------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 48 West Napoleon Avenue Completion----------------------------------------------------------------- 48 LA 3154 - Relocated Hickory...
New Orleans Urbanized Area Regional Planning Commission
Great Cities Institute Comparative Urbanisms
Great Cities Institute Comparative Urbanisms Seminar Series Governance and Social Innovation those "socially innovative strategies" undertaken by citizens in different European cities, identity, governance and social innovation. Her upcoming publications include "Multilevel Governance
Illinois at Chicago, University of
URBAN EXTENTS Bosnia-Herzego
URBAN EXTENTS Bosnia-Herzego Switzerland Czech Republic Germany Croatia Hungary Poland Slovakia. Adriatic Sea Bosnia- Herzegovina This document is licensed under a Creative Commons 3.0 Attribution License
Urbanization, Agglomeration, and Economic Development
94 (3): 656¢90. Quigley, John M. 1998. ōUrban Diversity andItaly, July 3. John M. Quigley GCU_04pp115-132.indd 129wasnÆt fully legible
Urban and peri-urban agriculture and its zoonotic risks in Kampala, UgandaĀ
In developing countries, cities are rapidly expanding, and urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) has an important role in feeding a growing urban population. However, UPA carries risks of zoonotic disease transmission. ...
Makita, Kohei
Urban Microclimate, a Study of Energy Balance and Fluid Dynamics /
The International Urban Energy Balance Models ComparisonT. Williamson, Urban surface energy balance models: modelof the international urban energy balance model comparison,
Yaghoobian, Neda
Urban Energy Fluxes in Built-Up Downtown Areas and Variations across the Urban Area, for Use in Dispersion Models
Surface energy fluxes, at averaging times from 10 min to 1 h, are needed as inputs to most state-of-the-art dispersion models. The sensible heat flux is a major priority, because it is combined with the momentum flux to ...
Hanna, Steven
Cite as: Lundquist, J.K., F. K. Chow, J. D. Mirocha, and K.A. Lundquist, 2007: An Improved WRF for Urban-Scale and Complex-Terrain Applications. American Meteorological Society's 7
method (IBM) approach to account for the effects of urban geometries and complex terrain. Companion of flow and dispersion in complex geometries such as urban areas, as well as new simulation capabilities for Urban-Scale and Complex-Terrain Applications. American Meteorological Society's 7 th Symposium
Chow, Fotini Katopodes
Note to Teachers : A Tale of Two Watersheds: Land Use, Topography, and the Potential for Urban Expansion
Note to Teachers : A Tale of Two Watersheds: Land Use, Topography, and the Potential for Urban the upward limit of geographical features such as pediments, fans and depositional features of ice and wind
Flux Measurements of Volatile Organic Compounds from an Urban Tower Platform in Houston, Texas: Trends and Tracers
and traffic counts except during variable working hours. To assign measured fluxes to local sources, we tested a bulk flux footprint model (Kormann and Meixner model) designed for uniform emission surface areas in this urban, heterogeneous landscape. Tracer...
Hale, Martin C
"Foundation Challenges in Urban Environments" Presented by ASCE Metropolitan Section / Geo-Institute Chapter
"Foundation Challenges in Urban Environments" Presented by ASCE Metropolitan Section / Geo-Institute Chapter May 16, 2013, New York City FOUNDATION CHALLENGES IN THE NEW YORK CITY METROPOLITAN AREA CAUSED by foundation engineers and constructors in the New York City metropolitan area are the result of a complex
Horvath, John S.
A window on urban sustainability
Sustainable urban development requires the integration of environmental interests in urban planning. Although various methods of environmental assessment have been developed, plan outcomes are often disappointing due to the complex nature of decision-making in urban planning, which takes place in multiple arenas within multiple policy networks involving diverse stakeholders. We argue that the concept of ædecision windowsÆ can structure this seemingly chaotic chain of interrelated decisions. First, explicitly considering the dynamics of the decision-making process, we further conceptualized decision windows as moments in an intricate web of substantively connected deliberative processes where issues are reframed within a decision-making arena, and interests may be linked within and across arenas. Adopting this perspective in two case studies, we then explored how decision windows arise, which factors determine their effectiveness and how their occurrence can be influenced so as to arrive at more sustainable solutions. We conclude that the integration of environmental interests in urban planning is highly dependent on the ability of the professionals involved to recognize and manipulate decision windows. Finally, we explore how decision windows may be opened. -- Highlights: Ģ Decision-making about sustainable urban development occurs in networks. Ģ The concept of ædecision windowsÆ was further elaborated. Ģ Decision windows help understand how environmental interests enter decision-making. Ģ Decision windows can, to some extent, be influenced.
Stigt, Rien van, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Research Center for Technology and Innovation, Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 182, 3500 AD Utrecht (Netherlands); Driessen, Peter P.J., E-mail: email@example.com [Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.115, 3508 TC Utrecht (Netherlands); Spit, Tejo J.M., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.115, 3508 TC Utrecht (Netherlands)
Sustainable Urban Development: A Literature Review and Analysis
Towards Sustainable Development and Sustainable Urban Forms,Sustainable Urban Development Sustainable Seattle Indicatorseds. , Making Development Sustainable: From Concepts to
Wheeler, Stephen
Essays on rural-urban migration in hinterland China
Marriage Rates in Rural China . . . . . . . . . . .Urban Migration in Hinterland China . . . . . . . . . .and Rural-Urban Migration in Hinterland China . . . . . 1.
Meng, Lei
Director Position Center for Urban Transportation
Director Position Center for Urban Transportation The Center for Urban Transportation Research for state policymakers, transportation agencies, transportation professionals and the public. CUTR conducts of Transportation's Federal Transit Administration and Federal Highway Administration, the Florida Department
Arslan, H├╝seyin
Containers : project for a new urbanism
This project investigates the possibilities of a new urbanism in vast territories of urban industrial and logistics landscapes, which have become a significant feature of the American city. It is a search for a hybrid ...
Ghasemkhani, Yashar
Urban regeneration : enabled by mobility centric architecture
The primary goal of this thesis is to develop a new urban architectural prototype to reinvigorate the British New Town. New models of adaptable, sustainable, architecture and urban design are explored with the ultimate ...
Higgins, Wayne Charles
High-resolution urban thermal sharpener (HUTS)
theĀurbanĀheatĀislandĀofĀHouston,ĀTexas,Ā RemoteĀSensingĀofĀinfraredĀ remoteĀsensingĀandĀGISĀtoĀassesĀtheĀurbanĀheatĀheatĀislandĀanalysis. ĀPhotogrammetricĀEngineeringĀ&ĀRemoteĀ
Dominguez, Anthony; Kleissl, Jan; Luvall, Jeffrey C; Rickman, Douglas L
Field crossings : hybridizing the urban park
The growth and identity of urban open space is a vital issue facing our cities today. The development and revitalization of old industrial centers in the United States has prompted urban transformations in usage, densification ...
Cyphers, Scott M
Variation of Solar Attenuation with Height in CAPLTER The atmosphere over rural and urbanized areas differs in many ways in relation to terrain influences and human-induced variations (e.g., heat, humidity, wind, and pollution). The sun's energy penetrate
on amounts of solar energy that are accumulated at any given time. These controls range from extraterrestrial of variability cascade into plant productivity, solar energy technology, and urban climate processes, in generalVariation of Solar Attenuation with Height in CAPLTER Abstract The atmosphere over rural
Wellhead Protection Area Act (Nebraska)
This section regulates activities which can occur on or below the land surface of the area surrounding a wellhead. The purpose of these regulations is to limit well contamination and preserve...
for expanding their cycling networks, combined with a range of complementary programs such as bike sharing, bikeBICYCLE URBANISM SYMPOSIUM KEYNOTE ADDRESS Cycling to the Future: Lessons from Cities across the Globe In this talk, John Pucher documents the boom in cycling in both European and North American cities
Urban Racial Segregation Measures Comparison
. Douglas Wunneburger, from the Department of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning for his guidance and support through the course of this research. His GIS classes have opened my eyes to a new powerful tool to analyze from a different view. I wish...
Djonie, Jamil
Urban/Suburban Landscape & Conservation
of groundwater 5) Increased production of CO2 #12;3 Ground water pollution due to "storm run-off" - Construction.S. was fairly distinctly split into localized urban- industrial landscapes and widespread rural landscapes to development pressure in terms of housing, infrastructure and industry Impacting habitat cont. 1) Fragmentation
Dever, Jennifer A.
The Center for Urban Entrepreneurship &
-commerce business models; effective communication for women in business; and technology transfer and countertradeThe Center for Urban Entrepreneurship & Economic Development (CUEED) Business Science Technology business.rutgers.edu Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey ┬Ł founded 1766 Business Science Technology
(Limiting the greenhouse effect)
Traveler attended the Dahlem Research Conference organized by the Freien Universitat, Berlin. The subject of the conference was Limiting the Greenhouse Effect: Options for Controlling Atmospheric CO{sub 2} Accumulation. Like all Dahlem workshops, this was a meeting of scientific experts, although the disciplines represented were broader than usual, ranging across anthropology, economics, international relations, forestry, engineering, and atmospheric chemistry. Participation by scientists from developing countries was limited. The conference was divided into four multidisciplinary working groups. Traveler acted as moderator for Group 3 which examined the question What knowledge is required to tackle the principal social and institutional barriers to reducing CO{sub 2} emissions'' The working rapporteur was Jesse Ausubel of Rockefeller University. Other working groups examined the economic costs, benefits, and technical feasibility of options to reduce emissions per unit of energy service; the options for reducing energy use per unit of GNP; and the significant of linkage between strategies to reduce CO{sub 2} emissions and other goals. Draft reports of the working groups are appended. Overall, the conference identified a number of important research needs in all four areas. It may prove particularly important in bringing the social and institutional research needs relevant to climate change closer to the forefront of the scientific and policy communities than hitherto.
Rayner, S.
E-Print Network 3.0 - assessing urban contamination Sample Search...
12;Urban Soil - Compaction 12;Urban... Engineering Urban Soils to Improve Landscape Tree Performance P. Eric Wiseman, Ph.D. Assistant... Professor, Urban Forestry ... Source:...
Game Preserves and Closed Areas (Montana)
Game preserves and closed areas exist within the state of Montana for the protection of all the game animals and birds. Construction and development is limited in these areas. Currently, only three...
Supersampling and network reconstruction of urban mobility
Understanding human mobility is of vital importance for urban planning, epidemiology, and many other fields that aim to draw policies from the activities of humans in space. Despite recent availability of large scale data sets related to human mobility such as GPS traces, mobile phone data, etc., it is still true that such data sets represent a subsample of the population of interest, and then might give an incomplete picture of the entire population in question. Notwithstanding the abundant usage of such inherently limited data sets, the impact of sampling biases on mobility patterns is unclear -- we do not have methods available to reliably infer mobility information from a limited data set. Here, we investigate the effects of sampling using a data set of millions of taxi movements in New York City. On the one hand, we show that mobility patterns are highly stable once an appropriate simple rescaling is applied to the data, implying negligible loss of information due to subsampling over long time scales. On...
Sagarra, Oleguer; Santi, Paolo; Diaz-Guilera, Albert; Ratti, Carlo
Techniques for estimating flood hydrographs for ungaged urban watersheds
The Clark Method, modified slightly, was used to develop a synthetic dimensionless hydrograph that can be used to estimate flood hydrographs for ungaged urban watersheds. Application of the technique results in a typical (average) flood hydrograph for a given peak discharge. Input necessary to apply the technique is an estimate of basin lagtime and the recurrence interval peak discharge. Equations for this purpose were obtained from a recent nationwide study on flood frequency in urban watersheds. A regression equation was developed which relates flood volumes to drainage area size, basin lagtime, and peak discharge. This equation is useful where storage of floodwater may be a part of design or flood prevention. 6 refs., 17 figs., 5 tabs.
Stricker, V.A.; Sauer, V.B.
Impact of primary formaldehyde on air pollution in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area
Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a radical source that plays an important role in urban atmospheric chemistry and ozone formation. The Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) is characterized by high anthropogenic emissions of HCHO ...
Lei, Wenfang
A landslide risk rating system for the Baguio City, Philippines area
This research formulates a LANDSLIDE RISK RATING SYSTEM for the Greater Baguio area in the Philippines. It is hoped that the tool will be made a part of the physical/urban planning process when used by engineers and planners ...
Saldivar-Sali, Artessa Niccola D., 1980-
E-Print Network 3.0 - air pollutants area Sample Search Results
that has been receiving much attention in recent years. In cities and urban areas, air pollution remains... .firstname.lastname@example.com The impact of traffic-related air pollution...
The Transportation Energy and Carbon Footprints of the 100 Largest U.S. Metropolitan Areas
We present estimates of the automobile and truck travel based energy and carbon footprints of the largest 100 U.S. metropolitan areas. The footprints are based on the estimated vehicle miles traveled and the transportation fuels consumed. Results are presented on an annual basis and represent end use emissions only. Total carbon emissions, emissions per capita, and emissions per dollar of gross metropolitan product are reported. Two years of annual data were examined, 2000 and 2005, with most of the in-depth analysis focused on the 2005 results. In section 2 we provide background data on the national picture and derive some carbon and energy consumption figures for the nation as a whole. In section 3 of the paper we examine the metropolitan area-wide results based on the sums and averages across all 100 metro areas, and compare these with the national totals and averages. In section 4 we present metropolitan area specific footprints and examine the considerable variation that is found to exist across individual metro areas. In doing so we pay particular attention to the effects that urban form might have on these differences. Finally, section 5 provides a summary of major findings, and a list of caveats that need to be borne in mind when using the results due to known limitations in the data sources used.
Southworth, Frank [ORNL; Sonnenberg, Anthon [Georgia Institute of Technology; Brown, Marilyn A [ORNL
Climate Prediction: The Limits of Ocean Models
We identify three major areas of ignorance which limit predictability in current ocean GCMs. One is the very crude representation of subgrid-scale mixing processes. These processes are parameterized with coefficients whose ...
Stone, Peter H.
A Study of the Effects of Different Urban Wind Models on Dispersion Patterns Using Joint Urban 2003 Data
The Quick Urban & Industrial Complex (QUIC) Dispersion Modeling System has been developed to rapidly compute the transport and dispersion of toxic agent releases in the vicinity of buildings. It is composed of a wind solver, an 'urbanized' Lagrangian random-walk model, and a graphical user interface. QUIC has two different wind models: (a) The QUIC-URB wind solver, an empirically-based diagnostic wind model and (b) The QUIC-CFD (RANS) solver, based on the 3D Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations. In this paper, we discuss the effect of different wind models on dispersion patterns in dense built-up areas. The model-computed wind from the two urban wind models- QUIC-URB and QUIC-CFD are used to drive the dispersion model. The concentration fields are then compared to measurements from the Oklahoma City Joint Urban 2003 field experiment. QUIC produces high-resolution 3-D mean wind and concentration fields around buildings, in addition to deposition on the ground and building surfaces. It has options for different release types, including point, moving point, line, area, and volumetric sources, as well as dense gas, explosive buoyant rise, multi-particle size, bioslurry, and two-phase releases. Other features include indoor infiltration, a pressure solver, outer grid simulations, vegetative canopies, and population exposure calculations. It has been used for biological agent sensor siting in cities, vulnerability assessments for heavier-than-air chemical releases at industrial facilities, and clean-up assessments for radiological dispersal device (RDD) releases in cities (e.g., see Linger et al., 2005; Brown, 2006a, b). QUIC has also been used for dust transport studies (Bowker et al., 2007a) and for the impact of highway sound barriers on the transport and dispersion of vehicle emissions (Bowker et al., 2007b).
Gowardhan, A A; Brown, M J
Research Areas
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary)morphinanInformation Desert Southwest RegionatSearch Welcome toResearch Areas Our Vision National User Facilities
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary)morphinanInformation Desert Southwest RegionatSearch Welcome toResearch Areas Our Vision National User
Urban Parks: The Value of Small Urban Parks, Plazas and Other Outdoor Spaces
People need parks. Great urban parks are places where communities come together, people interact, and social capital develops. Learn the characteristics of great urban parks and how they are created....
Shafer, Carl Scott; Jacob, John
Urban settlement issues : observations from 181 surveys of urban dwelling environments in developing countries
Observations and summaries were made on 181 surveys of urban dwelling environments in developing countries, carried out by members of the Urban Settlement Design Program (U.S.D.P.), at MIT. The focus of this study is in ...
Wang, Chih-chien, M.S. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
An urban weather generator coupling a building simulation program with an urban canopy model
The increase in air temperature observed in urban environments compared to the undeveloped rural surroundings, known as the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect, is being intensely studied, due to its adverse environmental and ...
Bueno Unzeta, Bruno
Boston Architectural College Urban Sustainability Initiative
The Boston Architectural College's Urban Sustainability initiative is a demonstration project as defined by the National Energy Technology Laboratory. BAC's proposed project with the U.S. Department of Energy - NETL, is a large part of that overall initiative. The BAC's Urban Sustainability Initiative is a multi-part project with several important goals and objectives that will have a significant impact on the surrounding neighborhood including: energy conservation, reduction of storm water runoff, generation of power through alternative energy sources, elimination/reduction of BAC carbon footprint, and to create a vehicle for ongoing public outreach and education. Education and outreach opportunities will serve to add to the already comprehensive Sustainability Design courses offered at BAC relative to energy savings, performance and conservation in building design. At the finish of these essential capital projects there will be technical materials created for the education of the design, sustainability, engineering, community development and historic preservation communities, to inform a new generation of environmentally-minded designers and practitioners, the city of Boston and the general public. The purpose of the initiative, through our green renovations program, is to develop our green alley projects and energy saving renovations to the BAC physical plant, to serve as a working model for energy efficient design in enclosed 19th century and 20th century urban sites and as an educational laboratory for teaching ecological and sustainable technologies to students and the public while creating jobs. The scope of our project as it relates to the BAC and the U.S. Department of Energy- NETL combined efforts includes: Task I of the project is Phase II (Green Alley). Task I encompasses various renovation activities that will demonstrate the effectiveness of permeable paving and ground water recharge systems. It will aid in the reduction of storm water runoff into the Charles River Basin in one of its most significantly polluted sections and, will provide a green renovation mechanism for the redirected storm water of a public alley way. This activity is designed to improve the quality of water recharging the ground water and protecting the vulnerable wood pilings under many of the historic masonry buildings in Boston's Back Bay. Sustainable design research and system monitoring opportunities will also be incorporated, providing ongoing tools for public outreach and education through innovative signage and "virtual tour" technology. The monitoring will include a "building performance dash board" that reflects real time operating conditions and improvements in environmental and economic performance to be prominently displayed on the face of our 320 Newbury Street building (approximately 1.5 million people walk by annually). The project site and demonstration area is located at the rear of 951 Boylston Street, Boston, MA 02115 and the parking area adjacent to Public Alley #444 in Boston's historic Back Bay. Task II of the project is Geothermal Solution. This task involves the installation of approximately seven Geothermal wells which will tap into the earth's constant underground temperatures to provide air-conditioning and heating for BAC facilities. The environmentally friendly geothermal system uses no fossil fuel, produces no emissions and runs silently, providing a sustainable model for commercial and residential buildings throughout Boston. Ultimately the combination of this project and other projects will assist in making the BAC "carbon-neutral", and could generate enough additional energy to provide free power to the Engine 33 and Ladder 15 Firehouse located at 941 Boylston Street. The project is located at the rear of 951 Boylston Street, Boston, MA 02115 and the parking area adjacent to Public Alley #444 in Boston's historic Back Bay. Task III of the project is the Sustainability Design Curriculum at the BAC. The BAC is the nationÆs largest independent, multi-disciplinary college of spatial design, and a leader in
Byers, Arthur C.
1Assessment of Urban and Regional Research in the Netherlands, 2000-2006 Assessment of Urban
1Assessment of Urban and Regional Research in the Netherlands, 2000-2006 Assessment of Urban and Regional Research in the Netherlands, 2000-2006 January 2008 #12;2 Assessment of Urban and Regional Research in the Netherlands, 2000-2006 Committee Prof. Robson (chair) Prof. Albrechts Prof. Bailey Prof
Utrecht, Universiteit
An Inside Look at Bogot's Urban Renewal From Broad Urban Stories to Everyday Tales
was considered the sixth-best city in Latin America to do business. Yet the process has not been free1 An Inside Look at Bogot├Ī's Urban Renewal From Broad Urban Stories to Everyday Tales Camilo Andr├®s process of urban renewal that fostered the insertion of the city in the international scene. In order
A Prototype of an Information System for Urban Soundscape Pr. Robert Laurini
┬Ę Noises as nuisances, pollution ┬Ę Auditory urban information ┬Ę How to limit auditory nuisances, boats, airplanes ┬Ę Birds, dogs, etc. ┬Ę Markets, schools, pedestrians precincts ┬Ę Industries, public ┬Ł construction of noise index ┬Ł using Leq Diseases due to noise ┬Ę Hearing damage ┬Ę Hypertension ┬Ę Heart disease
Laurini, Robert
TRAN KHAC et al. Urban lakes: interaction between phytoplankton
through physical-chemical and biological field data collection and (2) simultaneously to survey, are common in urban and peri-urban landscape. Urban lakes play a key role in recreation and storing rainwater
Faculty perceptions of presidential leadership in urban school reform
The study examined urban university faculty membersÆ perceptions of their presidentsÆ leadership role in urban school reform. The population for this study consisted of faculty members from five urban research universities. All of the universities...
McClendon, Rodney Prescott
Fire Hazards Analysis for the 200 Area Interim Storage Area
This documents the Fire Hazards Analysis (FHA) for the 200 Area Interim Storage Area. The Interim Storage Cask, Rad-Vault, and NAC-1 Cask are analyzed for fire hazards and the 200 Area Interim Storage Area is assessed according to HNF-PRO-350 and the objectives of DOE Order 5480 7A. This FHA addresses the potential fire hazards associated with the Interim Storage Area (ISA) facility in accordance with the requirements of DOE Order 5480 7A. It is intended to assess the risk from fire to ensure there are no undue fire hazards to site personnel and the public and to ensure property damage potential from fire is within acceptable limits. This FHA will be in the form of a graded approach commensurate with the complexity of the structure or area and the associated fire hazards.
3-19 Urban Design Figure 3-9 Aerial View E Looking West
View F Looking North West #12;3-21 Urban Design Figure 3-11 Skyline and Massachusetts Avenue Gateway to careful site planning and transportation demand management. As the area has become more densely developed employed by TranSComm whose primary responsibilities include identifying and responding to transportation
Mohanty, Raj
Ear-Phone: An End-to-End Participatory Urban Noise Mapping System
noise pollution. Wireless sensor networks can certainly eliminate the requirements of sending acoustic monitoring of environmental noise pollution in urban areas. It can raise citizen awareness of noise pollution devices, also addresses the challenge of collecting accurate noise pollution readings at a mobile device
New South Wales, University of
Dynamic Resource Allocation in Urban Settings: A "Smart Parking" Yanfeng Geng and Christos G. Cassandras
) system is based on the development of autonomous vehicle detection and parking spot monitoring, typically in urban settings. On a daily basis, it is estimated that 30% of vehicles on the road in the downtown area]. This causes not only a waste of time and fuel for drivers looking for parking, but it also contributes
Cassandras, Christos G.
Deciduous Fruit Options for North FL Landscapes by Terry DelValle, Urban Horticulture Extension Agent
Deciduous Fruit Options for North FL Landscapes by Terry DelValle, Urban Horticulture Extension your homework first. Site Selection: Here is a list of criteria. Fruit require an open sunny spot/variety will get at matur- ity. Selecting Varieties: Select varieties adapted to our area. Deciduous fruit, also
Balancing Energy and Water Consumption in an Urban Desert Environment: A Case
Balancing Energy and Water Consumption in an Urban Desert Environment: A Case Study on Phoenix, AZ effect, water scarcity, and energy consumption. The transformation of native landscapes into built to cool homes. Identifying Direct and Indirect Costs of Water and Energy Consumption Study Area Although
Energy in the urban environment. Proceedings of the 22. annual Illinois energy conference
The conference addressed the energy and environmental challenges facing large metropolitan areas. The topics included a comparison of the environmental status of cities twenty years ago with the challenges facing today`s large cities, sustainable economic development, improving the energy and environmental infrastructure, and the changing urban transportation sector. Selected papers are indexed separately for inclusion in the Energy Science and Technology Database.
HIGHRESOLUTION SEISMIC CHARACTERIZATION IN A COMPLEX URBAN , FontCap, J.2
HIGHRESOLUTION SEISMIC CHARACTERIZATION IN A COMPLEX URBAN AREA MartĒ, D.1 , FontCap¾, J.2 is very difficult. The street geometry determined the geometry of the seismic data acquisition "weathered" layer of variable thickness (building fundations, sewage system, water supply conductions, etc
PolitĶcnica de Catalunya, Universitat
International Symposium on New Directions in Urban Water Management 12-14 September 2007, UNESCO Paris
periods. Combined systems are equipped with CSOs' devices to avoid overflows on streets or house basement to reach and maintain a good ecological status (EU, Directive 2000). For highly modified water masses like in urban and periurban areas, the objective of a maximal ecological potential must be defined and reached
School of Architecture, Design and the Built Environment Urban Energy Monitoring to Support Sustainable Energy Planning
energy; (3) identify and tackle fuel poverty within the city; etc. In this research project we information model in order to understand in real- time the energy demand within the city and to support in the area of bid data integration in order to support urban energy monitoring and energy planning. Entry
Evans, Paul
Level and intensity of objectively assessed physical activity among pregnant women from urban Ethiopia
for every 10 cm2 difference in arm fat area and 10-week difference in gestational age. Conclusion The level and intensity of physical activity among pregnant women from urban Ethiopia is low compared to non-pregnant women from other low income countries...
Hjorth, Mads F; Kloster, Stine; Girma, Tsinuel; Faurholt-Jepsen, Daniel; Andersen, Gregers; Kµstel, Pernille; Brage, S°ren; Friis, Henrik
Assessing residential exposure to urban noise using environmental models: does the size of the local living
1 Assessing residential exposure to urban noise using environmental models: does the size on the quantification of the exposure level in a surface defined as the subject's exposure area. For residential residential buildings. Twelve noise exposure indicators have been used to assess inhabitants' exposure
Geosynthetic Filters for Water Quality Improvement of Urban Storm Water Runoff
water treatment are retention ponds, detention basins, wetland ponds, and grass swales (Strecker et al are common subsurface storm water runoff treatment systems used in urban areas. Large subsurface fil- ters the treatment system (SEMCOG 2008). Removal of filtration media such as sand is highly labor
Aydilek, Ahmet
Comparative Analysis of Urban Atmospheric Aerosol by Particle...
Analysis of Urban Atmospheric Aerosol by Particle-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE), Proton Elastic Scattering Analysis Comparative Analysis of Urban Atmospheric Aerosol by...
Energy Department Announces the SUN Project, Empowering Urban...
Energy Savers [EERE]
Energy Department Announces the SUN Project, Empowering Urban Native Youth in STEM Education Energy Department Announces the SUN Project, Empowering Urban Native Youth in STEM...
Gauging Improvements in Urban Building Energy Policy in India
Urban Building Energy Policy in India Christopher WilliamsUrban Building Energy Policy in India Christopher Williamsefficiency policies and programs in India are in an active
Williams, Christopher
Urban agriculture is a gateway to healthy foods
healthy tomorrow. Urban agriculture has multiple benefitsWestlake. 192 CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE Ģ VOLUME 67 , NUMBER 4Editorial Urban agriculture is a gateway to healthy foods A
Pķrez, John A
Community Renewable Energy Success Stories: Wind Energy in Urban...
Community Renewable Energy Success Stories: Wind Energy in Urban Environments Webinar (text version) Community Renewable Energy Success Stories: Wind Energy in Urban Environments...
High Performance Without Increased Cost: Urbane Homes, Louisville...
High Performance Without Increased Cost: Urbane Homes, Louisville, KY - Building America Top Innovation High Performance Without Increased Cost: Urbane Homes, Louisville, KY -...
300 Area Disturbance Report
The objective of this study was to define areas of previous disturbance in the 300 Area of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Hanford Site to eliminate these areas from the cultural resource review process, reduce cultural resource monitoring costs, and allow cultural resource specialists to focus on areas where subsurface disturbance is minimal or nonexistent. Research into available sources suggests that impacts from excavations have been significant wherever the following construction activities have occurred: building basements and pits, waste ponds, burial grounds, trenches, installation of subsurface pipelines, power poles, water hydrants, and well construction. Beyond the areas just mentioned, substrates in the' 300 Area consist of a complex, multidimen- sional mosaic composed of undisturbed stratigraphy, backfill, and disturbed sediments; Four Geographic Information System (GIS) maps were created to display known areas of disturbance in the 300 Area. These maps contain information gleaned from a variety of sources, but the primary sources include the Hanford GIS database system, engineer drawings, and historic maps. In addition to these maps, several assumptions can be made about areas of disturbance in the 300 Area as a result of this study: o o Buried pipelines are not always located where they are mapped. As a result, cultural resource monitors or specialists should not depend on maps depicting subsurface pipelines for accurate locations of previous disturbance. Temporary roads built in the early 1940s were placed on layers of sand and gravel 8 to 12 in. thick. Given this information, it is likely that substrates beneath these early roads are only minimally disturbed. Building foundations ranged from concrete slabs no more than 6 to 8 in. thick to deeply excavated pits and basements. Buildings constructed with slab foundations are more numerous than may be expected, and minimally disturbed substrates may be expected in these locations. Historic black and white photographs provide a partial record of some excavations, including trenches, building basements, and material lay-down yards. Estimates of excavation depth and width can be made, but these estimates are not accurate enough to pinpoint the exact location where the disturbedhmdisturbed interface is located (e.g., camera angles were such that depths and/or widths of excavations could not be accurately determined or estimated). In spite of these limitations, these photographs provide essential information. Aerial and historic low-level photographs have captured what appears to be backfill throughout much of the eastern portion of the 300 Area-near the Columbia River shoreline. This layer of fill has likely afforded some protection for the natural landscape buried beneath the fill. This assumption fits nicely with the intermittent and inadvertent discoveries of hearths and stone tools documented through the years in this part of the 300 Area. Conversely, leveling of sand dunes appears to be substantial in the northwestern portion of the 300 Area during the early stages of development. o Project files and engineer drawings do not contain information on any impromptu but necessary adjustments made on the ground during project implementation-after the design phase. Further, many projects are planned and mapped but never implemented-this information is also not often placed in project files. Specific recommendations for a 300 Area cultural resource monitoring strategy are contained in the final section of this document. In general, it is recommended that monitoring continue for all projects located within 400 m of the Columbia River. The 400-m zone is culturally sensitive and likely retains some of the most intact buried substrates in the 300 Area.
LL Hale; MK Wright; NA Cadoret
biomass, such as peanut shells, for urban transportation. The process involves pyrolysis of the biomassHYDROGEN FROM BIOMASS FOR URBAN TRANSPORTATION Collaborating Project Team Y. Yeboah (PI) and K and liquid fuels) ┬Ę Potential sources of hydrogen include biomass, natural gas and other fossil fuels. #12
Urban PDE dynamics: Situating PRIPODE research in
development on the urban fringe Investment in real estate drives up rents (through land speculation) The poor urban policymakers 1. Water & sanitation 2. Waste disposal 3. Slum & Informal settlements 4. Air pollution #12;9 Water & Sanitation Source: UN Statistics Division 2005 Total House Connections MDG Target 10
Effect of urbanization on the geologic and hydrologic behavior of streams in College Station, Texas
and developers with mechanisms to stabilize and enhance stream areas. Historical aerial photographs were used to trace the area's urbanization and land use trends and assess College Station's ult1mate growth. The increase in runoff experienced by Lick Creek..., Bee Creek, and Southwood Valley Tr1butary with time and with continued development was documented using the Rational Equation. Present condit1ons in the three study streams were investigated and geomorphic features characterizing each stream were...
Groschel, Henrike Margarete
Southeast Idaho Area Links
Area Attractions and Events Area Geography Area History Area Links Driving Directions Idaho Falls Attractions and Events INL History INL Today Research Park Sagebrush Steppe...
are capable of recording or transmitting data (e.g., audio, video, radio frequency, infrared, andor data link electronic equipment). At HQ, the Director, AU-40, is the official...
CollegeofUrbanPlanningandPublicAffairs College of Urban
solutions to problem areas ┬Ę Understanding of organizational theory and organizational behavior ┬Ę Issues of efficiency, equity, and social justice ┬Ę Understanding human resource management and financial administration
E-Print Network 3.0 - acres international limited Sample Search...
's performance 1. Due to the inherent bandwidth limitation in wireless cellular networks, micropico cellular... is limited by the MS' dwell time in the overlapping area....
Effective Fall 2014 Requirements for the Urban Architecture and
Effective Fall 2014 8.20.14 Requirements for the Urban Architecture and Urban Design Specialization Required Core Courses: (13 credits) ________ ARCH 507 Sustainable Urbanism (3 credits) ________ ARCH 535 as part of the urban architecture specialization in Portland. In the case that one or more of these course
Analysis of sheltering and evacuation strategies for an urban nuclear detonation scenario.
Development of an effective strategy for shelter and evacuation is among the most important planning tasks in preparation for response to a low yield, nuclear detonation in an urban area. This study examines shelter-evacuate policies and effectiveness focusing on a 10 kt scenario in Los Angeles. The goal is to provide technical insights that can support development of urban response plans. Results indicate that extended shelter-in-place can offer the most robust protection when high quality shelter exists. Where less effective shelter is available and the fallout radiation intensity level is high, informed evacuation at the appropriate time can substantially reduce the overall dose to personnel. However, uncertainties in the characteristics of the fallout region and in the exit route can make evacuation a risky strategy. Analyses indicate that only a relatively small fraction of the total urban population may experience significant dose reduction benefits from even a well-informed evacuation plan.
Yoshimura, Ann S.; Brandt, Larry D.
Iron speciation in urban dust
An improved understanding of anthropogenic impacts on ocean fertility requires knowledge of anthropogenic dust mineralogy and associated Fe speciation as a critical step toward developing Fe solubility models constrained by mineralogical composition. This study explored the utility of micro-focused X-ray absorption spectroscopy ({mu}-XAS) in characterizing the speciation of Fe in urban dust samples. A micro-focused beam of 10 x 7 {mu}m made possible the measurement of the Fe K edge XAS spectra of individual dust particles in the PM5.6 size fraction collected in Newark, New Jersey, USA. Spectral analysis indicated the presence of mixtures of Fe-containing minerals within individual dust particles; we observed significant magnetite content along with other Fe(III)-(hydr)oxide minerals which could not be conclusively identified. Our data indicate that detailed quantitative determination of Fe speciation requires extended energy scans to constrain the types and relative abundance of Fe species present. We observe heterogeneity in Fe speciation at the dust particle level, which underscores the importance of analyzing a statistically adequate number of particles within each dust sample. Where possible, {mu}-XAS measurements should be complemented with additional characterization techniques such as {mu}-XRD and bulk XAS to obtain a comprehensive picture of the Fe speciation in dust materials. X-ray microprobes should be used to complement bulk methods used to determine particle composition, methods that fail to record particle heterogeneity. Keywords - Urban dust; Iron; Speciation; Micro-focused X-ray absorption spectroscopy.
Elzinga, E.J.; Fitts, J.; Gao, Y.; Tappero, R.
Apply early! Limited enrollment.
volcano. Experience the culture and history of Hawaii, and the impact of human activitiesApply early! Limited enrollment. Environmental Science in the Hawaiian Islands Observe, research
Urban Retrofit: A Whole-Watershed Approach to Urban Stormwater Management
rainwater Ācatchment Ācisterns Ā Ā Derby/Po)er ĀCreek ĀWatershed: ĀUrban ĀStormwater Āfor Ā managing Āstormwater. ĀRainwater Ācatchment Ācan Ābe ĀStormwater ĀManagement. ö Ā Capturing Ārainwater Ārunoff Ā
Lithander, Becky
Cornell's Urban Sustainability Initiatives ACSF Lunch Summary
Sustainability Initiatives lunch. After introductions of participants, Josh Cerra (Landscape Architecture) gave sustainability initiatives conducted in cooperation with Landscape Architecture in the ethnically diverseCornell's Urban Sustainability Initiatives ACSF Lunch Summary Compiled by Marianne Krasny (NTRES
Angenent, Lars T.
Counter urban transformation in Istanbul Beyoglu
Urban transformation has become central to the Turkish government's neo-liberal program of commercial development for Istanbul. These transformations have provoked public discontent and passionate responses, the largest ...
Uzunyayla, Sakine Dicle
Methods for Allocating Urban Emergency Units
An urban emergency service system provides mobile units (vehicles) to respond to requests for service which can occur at any time and any place throughout a city. This paper surveys recent quantitative work aimed at improving ...
Chaiken, Jan M.
Biofuels grant..........................3 Urban design video.................3
┬Ę Biofuels grant..........................3 ┬Ę Urban design video.................3 A monthly report represent- ing regional organizations, local governments, and regulatory agencies. TIRP is intended, and fostering collaboration between government and academia. Dawn Spanhake, CTS assistant director of program
Urban solarium : thermal performance in Boston
This thesis addresses the issue of energy efficiency through the lens of thermal performance in the context of urban housing in the city of Boston. Located in the historic brick row house neighborhood of the South End, the ...
Hsu, Juliet Chia-Wen
Ecotransology : integrated design for urban mobility
This thesis demonstrates a rethinking of urban mobility through ecological design. Human mobility and ecological accountability are inextricably linked in city design; our current world ecological crisis underscores this ...
Joachim, Mitchell Whitney
Webinar: Tapping Into Wind in Urban Environments
This live webinar presented by DOE onĀ"Community Renewable Energy Success Stories: Tapping into Wind in Urban Environments" will take placeĀon Tuesday, September 18, 2012, from 3:00 ¢ 4:15 p.m....
The urban garden : Port Alliance, Texas
This thesis focuses on of three urban parks; Central Park i n New York , the Fens to Franklin Park in Boston, and Rock Creek Park in washington, designed by Frederick Law Olmsted and the growth of the cities around them. ...
Manning, Isaac Hall, 1958-
Urban Parks: Volunteers and Civic Engagement
When citizens are engaged with urban park and recreation departments, everyone benefits. This publication describes successful programs that involve community volunteers, and explains what managers can do to engage citizens in such programs....
Schuett, Michael A.
5, 1118311213, 2005 simulation of urban
com-25 plex, and hence, it requires a special treatment. The surface energy balance is the 11184 #12/surfaces and urban districts such as city center, high buildings, industrial, and residential. Results showed strong
Paris-Sud XI, Universitķ de
Sustainable and equitable urban environments in Asia
This study identifies some of the factors and conditions that can encourage the development of sustainable and equitable urban environments. It argues that cities will continue to grow and that it is not productive to view ...
Badshah, Akhtar
Urban Water Conservation along the Rio Grande
Urban Water Conservation along the Rio Grande THE TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY SYSTEM NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY An Inventory of Water Conservation Programs TR 269 SP 201 Valeen Silvy, 1 Ronald Kaiser, 2 Bruce Lesikar 3 and Craig Runyan... water running into the streets from irrigation systems. Urban water conservation incorporates water- saving measures and incentives for the home, on the landscape and throughout the city water distribution system. It is easy to differentiate be...
Silvey, Valeen; Kaiser, Ronald; Lesikar, Bruce; Runyan, Craig
How Can China Lighten Up? Urbanization, Industrialization and Energy Demand Scenarios
urbanization and trade to elucidate the energy and emissionsindustrial energy use, lower urbanization and trade as wellof urbanization rate and trade as well as energy efficiency
Aden, Nathaniel T.
Site Monitoring Area Maps
to the Site Monitoring Area (SMA) The Site Monitoring Area sampler Control measures (best management practices) installed at the Site Monitoring Area Structures such as...
Wildlife Management Areas (Minnesota)
Certain areas of the State are designated as wildlife protection areas and refuges; new construction and development is restricted in these areas.
3, 51395184, 2003 Urban aerosol
effects (Dockery and Pope, 1994). Heavily industrial-25 ized areas suffer from pollution fogs (smogs. The smaller concentrations in Kumpula were mainly due to building construction and also slight overall
Optical limiting materials
Optical limiting materials. Methanofullerenes, fulleroids and/or other fullerenes chemically altered for enhanced solubility, in liquid solution, and in solid blends with transparent glass (SiO.sub.2) gels or polymers, or semiconducting (conjugated) polymers, are shown to be useful as optical limiters (optical surge protectors). The nonlinear absorption is tunable such that the energy transmitted through such blends saturates at high input energy per pulse over a wide range of wavelengths from 400-1100 nm by selecting the host material for its absorption wavelength and ability to transfer the absorbed energy into the optical limiting composition dissolved therein. This phenomenon should be generalizable to other compositions than substituted fullerenes.
McBranch, Duncan W. (Santa Fe, NM); Mattes, Benjamin R. (Santa Fe, NM); Koskelo, Aaron C. (Los Alamos, NM); Heeger, Alan J. (Santa Barbara, CA); Robinson, Jeanne M. (Los Alamos, NM); Smilowitz, Laura B. (Los Alamos, NM); Klimov, Victor I. (Los Alamos, NM); Cha, Myoungsik (Goleta, CA); Sariciftci, N. Serdar (Santa Barbara, CA); Hummelen, Jan C. (Groningen, NL)
Wildlife Management Areas (Florida)
Certain sites in Florida are designated as wildlife management areas, and construction and development is heavily restricted in these areas.
Iron Speciation in Urban Dust
An improved understanding of anthropogenic impacts on ocean fertility requires knowledge of anthropogenic dust mineralogy and associated Fe speciation as a critical step toward developing Fe solubility models constrained by mineralogical composition. This study explored the utility of micro-focused X-ray absorption spectroscopy ({mu}-XAS) in characterizing the speciation of Fe in urban dust samples. A micro-focused beam of 10 x 7 {micro}m made possible the measurement of the Fe K edge XAS spectra of individual dust particles in the PM5.6 size fraction collected in Newark, New Jersey, USA. Spectral analysis indicated the presence of mixtures of Fe-containing minerals within individual dust particles; we observed significant magnetite content along with other Fe(III)-(hydr)oxide minerals which could not be conclusively identified. Our data indicate that detailed quantitative determination of Fe speciation requires extended energy scans to constrain the types and relative abundance of Fe species present. We observe heterogeneity in Fe speciation at the dust particle level, which underscores the importance of analyzing a statistically adequate number of particles within each dust sample. Where possible, {mu}-XAS measurements should be complemented with additional characterization techniques such as {mu}-XRD and bulk XAS to obtain a comprehensive picture of the Fe speciation in dust materials. X-ray microprobes should be used to complement bulk methods used to determine particle composition, methods that fail to record particle heterogeneity.
E Elzinga; Y Gao; J Fitts; R Tappero
2007 Urban Remote Sensing Joint Event Application of satellite Remote Sensing for Urban
2007 Urban Remote Sensing Joint Event Application of satellite Remote Sensing for Urban Risk Analysis: a case study of the 2003 extreme heat wave in Paris B├®n├®dicte Dousset Hawaii firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract ┬Ł Satellite observations are used to monitor the August 2003 heat wave in Paris
Scaling the Daytime Urban Heat Island and Urban-Breeze Circulation JULIA HIDALGO
an atmospheric numerical model coupled with an urban surface energy balance (SEB) model. For example, simulations atmospheric Nonhydrostatic Meso- scale (Meso-NH) model (Lafore et al. 1998) with a Town Energy Balance urban parameters chosen were the size of the city, the height of the thermal inversion topping the mixed turbulent
Synchronization of Limit Sets
In this Letter, we derive a sufficient condition of synchronizing limit sets (attractors and repellers) by using the linear feedback control technique proposed here. There examples are included. The numerical simulations and computer graphics show that our method work well.
Changpin Li; Weihua Deng
Limited Commercial Maintenance (LCLM) Limited Lawn & Ornamental (LLO)
, Limited Commercial Landscape Maintenance, Ornamental & Turf, Private Ag, or General Standards CORE for Limited Commercial Landscape Maintenance (LCLM), you must attend all day to earn the 6 CEUs required. Limited Commercial Maintenance (LCLM) Limited Lawn & Ornamental (LLO) Training & Exams Date
Florida, University of
Climate Change and Infrastructure, Urban Systems, and Vulnerabilities
This Technical Report on Climate Change and Infrastructure, Urban Systems, and Vulnerabilities has been prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in support of the U.S. National Climate Assessment (NCA). It is a summary of the currently existing knowledge base on its topic, nested within a broader framing of issues and questions that need further attention in the longer run. The report arrives at a number of assessment findings, each associated with an evaluation of the level of consensus on that issue within the expert community, the volume of evidence available to support that judgment, and the section of the report that provides an explanation for the finding. Cross-sectoral issues related to infrastructures and urban systems have not received a great deal of attention to date in research literatures in general and climate change assessments in particular. As a result, this technical report is breaking new ground as a component of climate change vulnerability and impact assessments in the U.S., which means that some of its assessment findings are rather speculative, more in the nature of propositions for further study than specific conclusions that are offered with a high level of confidence and research support. But it is a start in addressing questions that are of interest to many policymakers and stakeholders. A central theme of the report is that vulnerabilities and impacts are issues beyond physical infrastructures themselves. The concern is with the value of services provided by infrastructures, where the true consequences of impacts and disruptions involve not only the costs associated with the clean-up, repair, and/or replacement of affected infrastructures but also economic, social, and environmental effects as supply chains are disrupted, economic activities are suspended, and/or social well-being is threatened. Current knowledge indicates that vulnerability concerns tend to be focused on extreme weather events associated with climate change that can disrupt infrastructure services, often cascading across infrastructures because of extensive interdependencies threatening health and local economies, especially in areas where human populations and economic activities are concentrated in urban areas. Vulnerabilities are especially large where infrastructures are subject to multiple stresses, beyond climate change alone; when they are located in areas vulnerable to extreme weather events; and if climate change is severe rather than moderate. But the report also notes that there are promising approaches for risk management, based on emerging lessons from a number of innovative initiatives in U.S. cities and other countries, involving both structural and non-structural (e.g., operational) options.
Wilbanks, Thomas J [ORNL] [ORNL; Fernandez, Steven J [ORNL] [ORNL
Colorado's Wildland-Urban Interface, Current and Projected WUI is the wildland-urban interface. It is the area where
, increases demand for and costs of wildfire protection. A Colorado State University analysis (D. Theobald to reduce forest fuels at the ranch and a fast, coordinated response by firefighters kept people and buildings safe. The Colorado State Forest Service advised ranch managers to protect their cabins from
Position Information Job Title Extension Assistant/Associate Professor -Urban Forestry
Position Information Job Title Extension Assistant/Associate Professor - Urban Forestry Department field of urban forestry, with a focus on urbanization and changing land use. Potential topics include faculty. Extension responsibilities include developing and coordinating a statewide urban forestry
Lifecycle Assessment of Beijing-Area Building Energy Use and Emissions: Summary Findings and Policy Applications
Buildings are at the locus of three trends driving China's increased energy use and emissions: urbanization, growing personal consumption, and surging heavy industrial production. Migration to cities and urban growth create demand for new building construction. Higher levels of per-capita income and consumption drive building operational energy use with demand for higher intensity lighting, thermal comfort, and plug-load power. Demand for new buildings, infrastructure, and electricity requires heavy industrial production. In order to quantify the implications of China's ongoing urbanization, rising personal consumption, and booming heavy industrial sector, this study presents a lifecycle assessment (LCA) of the energy use and carbon emissions related to residential and commercial buildings. The purpose of the LCA model is to quantify the impact of a given building and identify policy linkages to mitigate energy demand and emissions growth related to China's new building construction. As efficiency has become a higher priority with growing energy demand, policy and academic attention to buildings has focused primarily on operational energy use. Existing studies estimate that building operational energy consumption accounts for approximately 25% of total primary energy use in China. However, buildings also require energy for mining, extracting, processing, manufacturing, and transporting materials, as well as energy for construction, maintenance, and decommissioning. Building and supporting infrastructure construction is a major driver of industry consumption--in 2008 industry accounted for 72% of total Chinese energy use. The magnitude of new building construction is large in China--in 2007, for example, total built floor area reached 58 billion square meters. During the construction boom in 2007 and 2008, more than two billion m{sup 2} of building space were added annually; China's recent construction is estimated to account for half of global construction. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) developed an integrated LCA model to capture the energy and emissions implications of all aspects of new buildings from material mining through construction, operations, and decommissioning. Over the following four sections, this report describes related existing research, the LBNL building LCA model structure and results, policy linkages of this lifecycle assessment, and conclusions and recommendations for follow-on work. The LBNL model is a first-order approach to gathering local data and applying lifecycle assessment to buildings in the Beijing area--it represents one effort among a range of established, predominantly American and European, LCA models. This report identifies the benefits, limitations, and policy applications of lifecycle assessment modeling for quantifying the energy and emissions impacts of specific residential and commercial buildings.
Aden, Nathaniel; Qin, Yining; Fridley, David
Spatial Distribution of U.S. Household Carbon Footprints Reveals Suburbanization Undermines Greenhouse Gas Benefits of Urban
Spatial Distribution of U.S. Household Carbon Footprints Reveals Suburbanization Undermines that were used to derive average household carbon footprints (HCF) for U.S. zip codes, cities, counties, and metropolitan areas. We find consistently lower HCF in urban core cities (40 tCO2e) and higher carbon footprints
Kammen, Daniel M.
THE TURBULENT EXCHANGE WITHIN AN URBAN STREET CANYON Ian N. Harman*, Janet F. Barlow*, Stephen E. Belcher*
represents a complex challenge for both observational and modelling studies of the surface energy balance for a range of canyon geometries. The model incorporates ideas on the flow and turbulence both above energy balance of an urban area are relatively well understood. However, the influence of building
Solar hydrogen for urban trucks
The Clean Air Now (CAN) Solar Hydrogen Project, located at Xerox Corp., El Segundo, California, includes solar photovoltaic powered hydrogen generation, compression, storage and end use. Three modified Ford Ranger trucks use the hydrogen fuel. The stand-alone electrolyzer and hydrogen dispensing system are solely powered by a photovoltaic array. A variable frequency DC-AC converter steps up the voltage to drive the 15 horsepower compressor motor. On site storage is available for up to 14,000 standard cubic feet (SCF) of solar hydrogen, and up to 80,000 SCF of commercial hydrogen. The project is 3 miles from Los Angeles International airport. The engine conversions are bored to 2.9 liter displacement and are supercharged. Performance is similar to that of the Ranger gasoline powered truck. Fuel is stored in carbon composite tanks (just behind the driver`s cab) at pressures up to 3600 psi. Truck range is 144 miles, given 3600 psi of hydrogen. The engine operates in lean burn mode, with nil CO and HC emissions. NO{sub x} emissions vary with load and rpm in the range from 10 to 100 ppm, yielding total emissions at a small fraction of the ULEV standard. Two trucks have been converted for the Xerox fleet, and one for the City of West Hollywood. A public outreach program, done in conjunction with the local public schools and the Department of Energy, introduces the local public to the advantages of hydrogen fuel technologies. The Clean Air Now program demonstrates that hydrogen powered fleet development is an appropriate, safe, and effective strategy for improvement of urban air quality, energy security and avoidance of global warming impact. Continued technology development and cost reduction promises to make such implementation market competitive.
Provenzano, J.: Scott, P.B.; Zweig, R. [Clean Air Now, Northridge, CA (United States)
Constructing a GIS-based 3D urban model using LiDAR and aerial photographs
; Rau and Chen 2001; Shiode 2001; Zhou et al. 2004). The 3D urban modeling technique enables urban residents to visualize future urban construction and development. It also supports standard activities of urban design and city planning and allows... of geometric information about urban objects, and it is an efficient tool for designing and creating urban objects (Sinning-Meister et al 1996). The contemporary CAD systems also offer full 3D rendering capability to visualize urban objects and the urban...
Lin, Wei-Ming
of rural biomass by urban commercial energy services. Thisof rural biomass by urban commercial energy services. 2 End-
Methanofullerenes, fulleroids and/or other fullerenes chemically altered for enhanced solubility, in liquid solution, and in solid blends with transparent glass (SiO{sub 2}) gels or polymers, or semiconducting (conjugated) polymers, are shown to be useful as optical limiters (optical surge protectors). The nonlinear absorption is tunable such that the energy transmitted through such blends saturates at high input energy per pulse over a wide range of wavelengths from 400--1,100 nm by selecting the host material for its absorption wavelength and ability to transfer the absorbed energy into the optical limiting composition dissolved therein. This phenomenon should be generalizable to other compositions than substituted fullerenes. 5 figs.
McBranch, D.W.; Mattes, B.R.; Koskelo, A.C.; Heeger, A.J.; Robinson, J.M.; Smilowitz, L.B.; Klimov, V.I.; Cha, M.; Sariciftci, N.S.; Hummelen, J.C.
Effects of urbanization on stream channel morpology, Madisonville, Texas
This thesis investigates the effects of urban development on two small streams near Madisonville, Texas. One stream is natural and used as a control against which Town Branch, the urbanized stream, is compared. Changes in width, depth, and channel...
Harris, Daniel Lee
Digital places : rethinking urban elements : the case of the tower
Problem - How can we make working, living and all aspects of our life in the urban tower more palatable? How can we create environment at the urban tower scale. With technology as one of the biggest drivers of social and ...
Gichuhi, Christopher M. (Christopher Mwethera), 1976-
Urban acupuncture as a strategy for SŃo Paulo
This work is the study of one city, SŃo Paulo, and one idea, how small and precise architectural interventions can be catalytic to major urban transformations. The largest urban agglomeration in the southern hemisphere is ...
Shieh, Leonardo
Architecture of the rail : exploring the potential of urban infrastructure
This thesis is the pursuit of a sensitivity for the relationship between urban infrastructure and architectural form, an attempt to restore a quality of "publicness" in the urban landscape through the implementation of a ...
Iboshi, Gregory Kenji
Modernity of Chinese urban neighborhoods : toward new spatial forms
There is always a general dilemma about how to balance technology and humanity in urban neighborhood development. Modem technology creates many new spatial forms for Chinese urban neighborhoods, but it also destroys many ...
Yi, Qian, 1973-
Transportation planning for mega events : a model of urban change
My study is about opportunities for revolutionary developments in urban transport. Often, we think of transport and urban development as an evolutionary process, yet there exist a few opportunities for cities to revolutionize ...
Kassens, Eva
Approximate translation : media, narrative, and experience in urban design
Approximate translation is developed as a design process through which the place-embedded history of an urban environment can be understood, allowing for better design and intervention in that urban environment. Generally, ...
Crisman, Jonathan
Insects in urban brownfields Analyses of species occurrences,
Insects in urban brownfields Analyses of species occurrences, community composition, and trait brownfields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1.4 Habitat models forces for insects in urban brownfields 41 4.1 Introduction
Kleyer, Michael
Exploding the edge : inversions into the urban landscape
This thesis explores the relationship between building and green space in a dense urban environment in order to create a humane contemplative experience of individual and collective memory. The urban environment has the ...
Chia, Katherine Kai-sun
Stadium development and urban renewal : a look at Washington, DC
This thesis investigates the factors, related to urban stadium development, that act as a catalyst for subsequent local urban renewal. Over the recent decades there has been substantial debate related to stadium or arena ...
Rizzo, James W. (James Watson)
Lakeside: Merging Urban Design with Scientific Analysis
ScienceCinema (OSTI)
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory and the University of Chicago are developing tools that merge urban design with scientific analysis to improve the decision-making process associated with large-scale urban developments. One such tool, called LakeSim, has been prototyped with an initial focus on consumer-driven energy and transportation demand, through a partnership with the Chicago-based architectural and engineering design firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, Clean Energy Trust and developer McCaffery Interests. LakeSim began with the need to answer practical questions about urban design and planning, requiring a better understanding about the long-term impact of design decisions on energy and transportation demand for a 600-acre development project on Chicago's South Side - the Chicago Lakeside Development project.
Guzowski, Leah; Catlett, Charlie; Woodbury, Ed
Ultrasonic imaging with limited-diffraction beams
Limited-diffraction beams are a class of waves that may be localized in space and time. Theoretically, these beams are propagation invariant and can propagate to an infinite distance without spreading. In practice, when these beams are produced with wave sources of a finite aperture and energy, they have a very large depth of field, meaning that they can keep a small beam width over a large distance. Because of this property, limited-diffraction beams may have applications in various areas such as medical imaging and tissue characterization. In this paper, fundamentals of limited-diffraction beams are reviewed and the studies of these beams are put into a unified theoretical framework. Theory of limited-diffraction beams is further developed. New limited-diffraction solutions to Klein-Gordon Equation and Schrodinger Equation, as well as limited-diffraction solutions to these equations in confined spaces are obtained. The relationship between the transformation that converts any solutions to an (-1)-dimensional wave equation to limited-diffraction solutions of an -dimensional equation and the Lorentz transformation is clarified and extended. The transformation is also applied to the Klein-Gordon Equation. In addition, applications of limited-diffraction beams are summarized.
Jian-yu Lu
Inhalation of primary motor vehicle emissions: Effects of urbanpopulation and land area
Urban population density can influence transportation demand, as expressed through average daily vehicle-kilometers traveled per capita (VKT). In turn, changes in transportation demand influence total passenger vehicle emissions. Population density can also influence the fraction of total emissions that are inhaled by the exposed urban population. Equations are presented that describe these relationships for an idealized representation of an urban area. Using analytic solutions to these equations, we investigate the effect of three changes in urban population and urban land area (infill, sprawl, and constant-density growth) on per capita inhalation intake of primary pollutants from passenger vehicles. The magnitude of these effects depends on density-emissions elasticity ({var_epsilon}{sub e}), a normalized derivative relating change in population density to change in vehicle emissions. For example, if urban population increases, per capita intake is less with infill development than with constant-density growth if {var_epsilon}{sub e} is less than -0.5, while for {var_epsilon}{sub e} greater than -0.5 the reverse is true.
Marshall, Julian D.; McKone, Thomas E.; Nazaroff, William W.
Urbanism in the Age of Climate Change, by Peter Calthorpe
another Green Urbanism (Beatley 1999), all of which shareVolume 26, 2013 References Beatley, Timothy. 1999. Green
Kim, Hyungkyoo
Lecture plan and speakers *Skinner/Urban
:30-8:30 S *Brakocevic 9:15-10:30 *Januszewski 10:45-12.00 lunch Kakde 1:30-2:30 coffee Pilloni 3:00-4:00 Skinner/Urban 4:10-5:10 Excursion 5:30- S Skinner/Urban 9:15-10:15 Januszewski 10:25-11.25 Pilloni 11:35-12.35 end *90minutes/75 ┬Ę Fabian Januszewski (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) p-adic Rankin-Selberg convolutions ┬Ę Mahesh Kakde
Hida, Haruzo
10th Urban Environment Symposium, 9-11 June 2010, Gothenburg, Sweden Environmental impact assessment of urban mobility plan
, Urban Futures for a Sustainable World, G÷teborg : Sweden (2010)" #12;health impacts, and (ii10th Urban Environment Symposium, 9-11 June 2010, Gothenburg, Sweden Environmental impact, energy consumption, greenhouse gas emission) numerical simulations with a chain of physically
Impact of utilizing 3D digital urban models on the design content of urban design plans in US cities
Some experts suggest that urban design plans in US cities may lack adequate coverage of the essential design aspects, particularly three-dimensional design aspects of the physical environment. Digital urban models and information technology tools...
Al-Douri, Firas A. Salman
Sustainable Urbanism : an examination of environmentally responsible neighborhood developments in Europe and lessons for sustainable urban planning
The emergence of the sustainable development concept at the end of the 1980s triggered the intensification of the environmental sustainability discourse in urban design and planning. The vision of sustainable urbanism ...
Kasioumi, Eirini
Stocrestr Cymru o Goed Trefol Wales Inventory of Urban Trees
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On Parameter Estimation of Urban Storm-Water Runoff Model
On Parameter Estimation of Urban Storm-Water Runoff Model Pedro Avellaneda1 ; Thomas P. Ballestero2 of these parameters are provided for modeling purposes and other urban storm-water quality applications. A normal runoff models are commonly used for urban storm-water quality applications DeCoursey 1985; Tsi- hrintzis
Urban Consortium Energy Task Force - Year 21 Final Report
The Urban Consortium Energy Task Force (UCETF), comprised of representatives of large cities and counties in the United States, is a subgroup of the Urban Consortium, an organization of the nation's largest cities and counties joined together to identify, develop and deploy innovative approaches and technological solutions to pressing urban issues.
Partitioning a Deformed Urban Grid Leonard Hagger Ian Sanders
a convex map of the deformed urban grid. These algorithms are very similar and would #12;nd the same convex map of any given deformed urban grid. In this research I present two di#11;erent algorithms to solve this problem. Both are shown to #12;nd a signi#12;cantly better convex map of the deformed urban grid. The #12
Wismath, Stephen
Motivations for Conserving Urban Biodiversity DONALD C. DEARBORN
Essay Motivations for Conserving Urban Biodiversity DONALD C. DEARBORN AND SALIT KARK Department, the fundamental value of conserving urban biodiversity re- mains controversial. How much of a fixed budget should seven possible motivations for urban biodiversity conservation: preserving local biodiversity, creating
Kark, Salit
URBAN EXTENTS P a c i f i c
URBAN EXTENTS Argentina Bolivia Chile Colombia Guyana Peru Paraguay Suriname Uruguay Venezuela Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT). Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project (GRUMP), Population Density Boundaries Note: National boundaries are derived from the population grids and thus may appear coarse. Urban
An analysis of area type and the availability of alternative transportation services on subjective well-being : are people happiest in cities?
This study is a comprehensive analysis of how rural, suburban, and urban areas compare in terms of the subjective well-being (SWB) of their residents and how the availability of transportation services affects SWB. Because ...
Choi, Janet (Janet I.)
Towards sustainable settlement growth: A new multi-criteria assessment for implementing environmental targets into strategic urban planning
For nearly one decade, the German political and research-agenda has been to a large extent determined by the ongoing question of how to limit the expansion of settlement areas around cities in order to preserve natural resources, make settlement growth more sustainable and to strengthen the re-use of existing inner-urban areas (see a.o. Koetter et al. 2009a, 2010; Schetke et al. 2009, 2010b). What is already under discussion within the international literature are the recommendations of the German Council for Sustainability to quantitatively reduce the daily greenfield consumption from the current rate of over 100 ha per day to a rate of 30 ha per day in 2020 and to bring urban infill development up to a ratio of 3:1 with greenfield development (German Council for Sustainability, 2004).). This paper addresses the added value beyond those abstract political targets and presents an innovative, multi-criteria assessment (MCA) of greenfield and infill sites to evaluate their sustainability and resource efficiency. MCA development and its incorporation into a Decision Support System (DSS) were accomplished by utilising a stakeholder-driven approach. The resulting tool can be applied in preparing and revising land-use plans. The paper presents the concept and the development process of the MCA-DSS. Test runs with planners prove that the evaluation of potential housing sites using individually weighted environmental indicators helps to identify those strategies of housing development that accord most closely with sustainability goals. The tests further show that the development of greenfield sites generally exhibits less sustainability than that of infill sites. - Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer This paper presents an innovative, multi-criteria assessment (MCA) of greenfield and infill sites. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The MCA evaluates sustainability and resource efficiency of potential housing sites in a stakeholder-driven approach. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Test runs with planners identified prominent environmental indicators and assigned individual weights. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The resulting tool can be applied in preparing and revising land-use plans according to sustainable housing development. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Test runs also show that greenfield development generally exhibits less sustainability than infill development.
Schetke, Sophie, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformation, Dept. of Urban Planning and Real Estate Management, University of Bonn, Nussallee 1, 53115 Bonn (Germany); Haase, Dagmar, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Humboldt University of Berlin, Department of Geography, Rudower Chaussee 16, 10099 Berlin, Germany, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Computational Landscape Ecology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig (Germany); Koetter, Theo, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformation, Dept. of Urban Planning and Real Estate Management, University of Bonn, Nussallee 1, 53115 Bonn (Germany)
Roles of Urban Tree Canopy and Buildings in Urban Heat Island Effects: Parameterization and Preliminary Results
alongside roadways and buildings, the modified WRF-UCM is used to in- vestigate how urban trees, soil surfaces causes in- creased runoff, decreased evapotranspiration, increased solar radiation absorption
Dickerson, Russell R.
Food urbanism : urban agriculture as a strategy to facilitate social mobility in informal settlements
Can community-based urban agriculture generate stronger communities? How is this possible? This thesis explores the possibility of community development through application of community gardens in an informal settlement ...
Amirtahmasebi, Rana
Heat flux limiting sleeves
A heat limiting tubular sleeve extending over only a portion of a tube having a generally uniform outside diameter, the sleeve being open on both ends, having one end thereof larger in diameter than the other end thereof and having a wall thickness which decreases in the same direction as the diameter of the sleeve decreases so that the heat transfer through the sleeve and tube is less adjacent the large diameter end of the sleeve than adjacent the other end thereof.
Harris, William G. (Tampa, FL)
Hydrologically Sensitive Areas: Variable Source Area Hydrology
Hydrologically Sensitive Areas: Variable Source Area Hydrology Implications for Water Quality Risk hydrology was developed and applied to the New York City (NYC) water supply watersheds. According and are therefore hydrologically sensitive with respect to their potential to transport contaminants to perennial
Walter, M.Todd
Urban fox squirrel ecology and management
I studied the habitat selection, survival, and anti-predator behaviors of the fox squirrel (Siurus niger) across the urban-rural gradient in College Station, Texas. From two years of tracking the radio locations of 82 fox squirrels, my data...
McCleery, Robert Alan
Environmental costs and benefits of urban forests
Disservice #12;Desired outcome: Minimize or offset urban GHG emissions Supporting ecosystem services: Carbon N2O and energy use offsets soil carbon Townsend-Small and Green, In press #12;Question: What happens. 2008 #12;Net Ecosystem Production Evapotranspiration Nutrient Cycling Carbon sequestration Water
Rose, Michael R.
Study of Pollutant Dispersion in Urban Environments
power plant using coal releases great amounts of harmful gases to produce the electric energy head: Study of pollutant dispersion in urban environments #12;Abstract Computational simulations can mechanics with the use of computer models and simulations. In this study the simulations of the complex
Allen, Gabrielle
Restoration projects within urban systems frequently encounter
designers to the use of models to predict the discharge associated with bankfull water surface elevation calculated for a given storm event can vary considerably by the use of modeling alone. It is much moreAbstract Restoration projects within urban systems frequently encounter various complexities
Curran, Joanna C.
1 INTRODUCTION Urban lifelines include electricity, communication,
and functions, form recovery obstacles mutually, and lead to secondary disaster. The disaster of all lifelines and the relationship between the effect degree sequence and the post-quake recovery time sequence are studied by both, it will followed by functional Urban lifelines effects degree sequence and recovery time sequence Youpo Su, Yajie
Spencer Jr., B.F.
NFWF Five Star & Urban Waters Restoration Program
The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) is accepting applications for up to $2.1 million to develop community capacity to sustain local natural resources for future generations by providing modest financial assistance to diverse local partnership for wetland, riparian, forest and coastal habitat restoration, urban wildlife conservation, stormwater management as well as outreach, education and stewardship.
GNSS Signal Acquisition in Harsh Urban Environments
spectrum by allowing cognitive devices to coexist with licensed users, given that the interference caused the effect of radio signal propagation conditions, interfering nodes spatial distribution, and other relevant- work interference, urban radio propagation channel I. INTRODUCTION Recently, the widespread use
Vellekoop, Michel
Eberhard Morgenroth 1 Urban Water Management
dynamic field Worldwide 2'500 Mio. people don't have access to clean water and sanitation. 200'000 km. Semester MS Project Internship 4. Semester Master Thesis Elective courses Sanitation Planning Tomography and Quantitative Image Analysis A concept for providing a sanitary system to the urban poor
Giger, Christine
http://uex.sagepub.com/ Urban Education
of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/0042085909352143 2010 45: 58Urban Education Carole R. Beal, Niall M Solving by High School English Language Learners Carole R. Beal,1 Niall M.Adams,2 and Paul R. Cohen1. Beal, Cognitive Science Program, University of Arizona,Tucson AZ 85721 Email: crbeal
AREA COORDINATOR RESIDENTIAL EDUCATION VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY, NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE The Office of Housing and Residential Education at Vanderbilt University is seeking applicants for an Area Coordinator. The Area Coordinator is responsible for assisting in the management and operation of a residential area
Bordenstein, Seth
Reservoir Characterization with Limited Sample Data using Geostatistics
The primary objective of this dissertation was to develop a systematic method to characterize the reservoir with the limited available data. The motivation behind the study was characterization of CO2 pilot area in the Hall Gurney Field, Lansing...
Ghoraishy, Sayyed Mojtaba
Fault current limiter
A fault current limiter (FCL) includes a series of high permeability posts for collectively define a core for the FCL. A DC coil, for the purposes of saturating a portion of the high permeability posts, surrounds the complete structure outside of an enclosure in the form of a vessel. The vessel contains a dielectric insulation medium. AC coils, for transporting AC current, are wound on insulating formers and electrically interconnected to each other in a manner such that the senses of the magnetic field produced by each AC coil in the corresponding high permeability core are opposing. There are insulation barriers between phases to improve dielectric withstand properties of the dielectric medium.
Darmann, Francis Anthony
Limited Distribution Notice
This report has been submitted for publication outside of IBM and will probably be copyrighted is accepted for publication. It has been issued as a Research Report for early dissemination of its contents. In view of the transfer of copyright to the outside publisher, its distribution outside of IBM prior to publication should be limited to peer communications and specific requests. After outside publication, requests should be filled only by reprints or legally obtained copies of the article (e.g., payment of royalties). Some reports are available at
Josh Hailpern; John Jay High; Charles C. Palmer
Process Limits on Euclid
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsrucLas ConchasPassive Solar Home DesignPresentationsSRS RespondsLift Plan ProcedureProcess Limits
Association of ambient air quality with children`s lung function in urban and rural Iran
During the summer of 1994, a cross-sectional epidemiological study, in which the pulmonary function of children in Tehran was compared with pulmonary function in children in a rural town in Iran, was conducted. Four hundred children aged 5--11 y were studied. Daytime ambient nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter were measured with portable devices, which were placed in the children`s neighborhoods on the days of study. Levels of these ambient substances were markedly higher in urban Tehran than in rural areas. Children`s parents were questioned about home environmental exposures (including heating source and environmental tobacco smoke) and the children`s respiratory symptoms. Pulmonary function was assessed, both by spirometry and peak expiratory flow meter. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced vital capacity--as a percentage of predicted for age, sex and height--were significantly lower in urban children than in rural children. Both measurements evidenced significant reverse correlations with levels of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and particulate matter. Differences in spirometric lung function were not explained by nutritional status, as assessed by height and weight for age, or by home environmental exposures. Reported airway symptoms were higher among rural children, whereas reported physician diagnosis of bronchitis and asthma were higher among urban children. The association between higher pollutant concentrations and reduced pulmonary function in this urban-rural comparison suggests that there is an effect of urban air pollution on short-term lung function and/or lung growth and development during the preadolescent years.
Asgari, M.M.; Dubois, A.; Beckett, W.S. [Yale Univ. School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (United States); Asgari, M. [Shaheed Beheshti Univ., Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Gent, J. [John B. Pierce Lab., New Haven, CT (United States)
Regional climate effects of irrigation and urbanization in thewestern united states: a model intercomparison
In the western United States, more than 30,500 square miles has been converted to irrigated agriculture and urban areas. This study compares the climate responses of four regional climate models (RCMs) to these past land-use changes. The RCMs used two contrasting land cover distributions: potential natural vegetation, and modern land cover that includes agriculture and urban areas. Three of the RCMs represented irrigation by supplementing soil moisture, producing large decreases in August mean (-2.5 F to -5.6 F) and maximum (-5.2 F to -10.1 F) 2-meter temperatures where natural vegetation was converted to irrigated agriculture. Conversion to irrigated agriculture also resulted in large increases in relative humidity (9 percent 36 percent absolute change). Only one of the RCMs produced increases in summer minimum temperature. Converting natural vegetation to urban land cover produced modest but discernable climate effects in all models, with the magnitude of the effects dependent upon the preexisting vegetation type. Overall, the RCM results indicate that land use change impacts are most pronounced during the summer months, when surface heating is strongest and differences in surface moisture between irrigated land and natural vegetation are largest. The irrigation effect on summer maximum temperatures is comparable in magnitude (but opposite in sign) to predicted future temperature change due to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations.
Snyder, M.A.; Kueppers, L.M.; Sloan, L.C.; Cavan, D.C.; Jin, J.; Kanamaru, H.; Miller, N.L.; Tyree, M.; Du, H.; Weare, B.
Geothermal br Resource br Area Geothermal br Resource br Area...
Basalt K Eburru Geothermal Area Eburru Geothermal Area East African Rift System Kenya Rift Basalt Fukushima Geothermal Area Fukushima Geothermal Area Northeast Honshu Arc...
The Urban Atmospheric Observatory (UAO) First Planning Workshop was held on 27-28 January 2003 at the Environmental Measurements Laboratory (EML) in downtown Manhattan, New York City. The meeting was well attended by local, state, and national administrators, as well as scientists and engineers from the national laboratories and academia. The real-time intensive UAO is a necessary step toward the development and validation of new technologies in support of the New York City emergency management and anti-terrorism effort. The real-time intensive UAO will be a dense array of meteorological instrumentation, remote sensing and satellite products and model output, as well as radiation detection, gamma spectrometer and aerosol measurements focused onto a small area in the heart of Manhattan. Such a test-bed, developed in a somewhat homogeneous urban area, and with a well-developed communication and data collection backbone, will be of immense utility for understanding how models of all scales can be improved and how they can best be integrated into the city's emergency program. The goal of the First Planning Workshop was to bring together a small group of experts in the fields of urban meteorology, modeling from mesoscale to fine-mesh computational fluid dynamics, instrumentation, communications and visualization, in order to (1) establish the importance of the observational program, (2) define the most efficient and cost-effective design for the program, (3) define needed intensive observational efforts and establish a schedule, and (4) define the importance of the UAO in emergency operations. The workshop achieved its goals with the enthusiastic participation of over forty persons. There was a synthesis of ideas towards a world-class facility that would benefit both immediate emergency management activities and, over an extended time, the entire field of urban meteorology and contaminant dispersion modeling.
METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREA OUTLOOK MORGANTOWN COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS Bureau to be repeated over the next five years. The Morgantown Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) had an average annual
Mohaghegh, Shahab
Wetland Preservation Areas (Minnesota)
A wetland owner can apply to the host county for designation of a wetland preservation area. Once designated, the area remains designated until the owner initiates expiration, except where a state...
Wildlife Management Areas (Maryland)
Wildlife Management Areas exist in the State of Maryland as wildlife sanctuaries, and vehicles, tree removal, and construction are severely restricted in these areas. Some of these species are also...
Protected Areas Stacy Philpott
Ę Convention of Biological Diversity, 1992 #12;IUCN Protected Area Management Categories Ia. Strict Nature. Protected Landscape/ Seascape VI. Managed Resource Protected Area #12;Ia. Strict Nature Preserves and Ib. Wilderness Areas Ę Natural preservation Ę Research Ę No Ę No #12;II. National Parks Ę Ecosystem protection
Gottgens, Hans
Urban Design to Reduce Automobile Dependence
transport energy and area of the city, but in terms oftransport energy (reduce the area for the city, i.e. ,
Newman, Peter; Kenworthy, Jeffrey
Conservation justice in metropolitan Cape Town: A study at the Macassar Dunes Conservation Area
Conservation justice in metropolitan Cape Town: A study at the Macassar Dunes Conservation Area J xxxx Keywords: Conservation justice Community-based conservation South Africa Urban conservation Stakeholder analysis a b s t r a c t Conservation justice, a concept analogous to environmental justice
Silander Jr., John A.
Promotional plan: the Center for Urban Horticulture, Seattle, Washington
promotional activities enacted by the Center for Urban Horticulture. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Upon the completion of this phase in my life, there are several people I would like to acknowledge for their support and guidance. First, the Center for Urban... environment for growing a wide range of plants, accessibility of a major research and teaching university (with established Departments of Forestry and Botany), enthusiastic support from local horticultural societies, and instant access to an urban "field...
Pesl, Suzanne R.
FED pumped limiter configuration issues
Impurity control in the Fusion Engineering Device (FED) is provided by a toroidal belt pumped limiter. Limiter design issues addressed in this paper are (1) poloidal location of the limiter belt, (2) shape of the limiter surface facing the plasma, and (3) whether the belt is pumped from one or both sides. The criteria used for evaluation of limiter configuration features were sensitivity to plasma-edge conditions and ease of maintenance and fabrication. The evaluation resulted in the selection of a baseline FED limiter that is located at the bottom of the device and has a flat surface with a single leading edge.
Haines, J.R.; Fuller, G.M.
Infrastructure Ecology for Sustainable and Resilient Urban Infrastructure Design
The population growth coupled with increasing urbanization is predicted to exert a huge demand on the growth and retrofit of urban infrastructure, particularly in water and energy systems. The U.S. population is estimated to grow by 23% (UN, 2009) between 2005 and 2030. The corresponding increases in energy and water demand were predicted as 14% (EIA, 2009) and 20% (Elcock, 2008), respectively. The water-energy nexus needs to be better understood to satisfy the increased demand in a sustainable manner without conflicting with environmental and economic constraints. Overall, 4% of U.S. power generation is used for water distribution (80%) and treatment (20%). 3% of U.S. water consumption (100 billion gallons per day, or 100 BGD) and 40% of U.S. water withdrawal (340 BGD) are for thermoelectric power generation (Goldstein and Smith, 2002). The water demand for energy production is predicted to increase most significantly among the water consumption sectors by 2030. On the other hand, due to the dearth of conventional water sources, energy intensive technologies are increasingly in use to treat seawater and brackish groundwater for water supply. Thus comprehending the interrelation and interdependency between water and energy system is imperative to evaluate sustainable water and energy supply alternatives for cities. In addition to the water-energy nexus, decentralized or distributed concept is also beneficial for designing sustainable water and energy infrastructure as these alternatives require lesser distribution lines and space in a compact urban area. Especially, the distributed energy infrastructure is more suited to interconnect various large and small scale renewable energy producers which can be expected to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In the case of decentralized water infrastructure, on-site wastewater treatment facility can provide multiple benefits. Firstly, it reduces the potable water demand by reusing the treated water for non-potable uses and secondly, it also reduces the wastewater load to central facility. In addition, lesser dependency on the distribution network contributes to increased reliability and resiliency of the infrastructure. The goal of this research is to develop a framework which seeks an optimal combination of decentralized water and energy alternatives and centralized infrastructures based on physical and socio-economic environments of a region. Centralized and decentralized options related to water, wastewater and stormwater and distributed energy alternatives including photovoltaic (PV) generators, fuel cells and microturbines are investigated. In the context of the water-energy nexus, water recovery from energy alternatives and energy recovery from water alternatives are reflected. Alternatives recapturing nutrients from wastewater are also considered to conserve depleting resources. The alternatives are evaluated in terms of their life-cycle environmental impact and economic performance using a hybrid life cycle assessment (LCA) tool and cost benefit analysis, respectively. Meeting the increasing demand of a test bed, an optimal combination of the alternatives is designed to minimize environmental and economic impacts including CO2 emissions, human health risk, natural resource use, and construction and operation cost. The framework determines the optimal combination depending on urban density, transmission or conveyance distance or network, geology, climate, etc. Therefore, it will be also able to evaluate infrastructure resiliency against physical and socio-economic challenges such as population growth, severe weather, energy and water shortage, economic crisis, and so on.
Jeong, Hyunju [Georgia Institute of Technology; Pandit, Arka [Georgia Institute of Technology; Crittenden, John [Georgia Institute of Technology; Xu, Ming [University of Michigan; Perrings, Charles [Arizona State University; Wang, Dali [ORNL; Li, Ke [University of Georgia; French, Steve [Georgia Institute of Technology
Guidelines and Toolkits for Urban Transport Development in Medium...
practitioners in states and municipal governments who are concerned with urban transport development in medium-sized cities in India. In addition, officials within the central...
Methodology for Assesment of Urban Water Planning Objectives
TR-51 1973 Methodology for Assessment of Urban Water Planning Objectives W.L. Meier B.M. Thornton Texas Water Resources Institute Texas A&M University ...
Meier, W. L.; Thornton, B. M.
taking charge : optimizing urban charging infrastructure for shared electric vehicles
This thesis analyses the opportunities and constraints of deploying charging infrastructure for shared electric vehicles in urban environments. Existing electric vehicle charging infrastructure for privately owned vehicles ...
Subramani, Praveen
Building America Whole-House Solutions for New Homes: Urbane...
rigid foam insulated slabs and foundation walls, advanced framed walls, high-efficiency heat pumps, and ducts in conditioned space. Urbane Homes - Louisville, KY More Documents &...
Evaluating Exhaust Emission Performance of Urban Buses Using...
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND 2004 DEER Conference Aug 28 - Sept 2, Coronado, California, USA VTT PROCESSES Kimmo Erkkil 1 EVALUATING EXHAUST EMISSION PERFORMANCE OF URBAN...
Urban Land and Housing Markets in the Punjab, Pakistan
County Madera County Kings County Tulare County Kern Countywill be urbanized. Madera and Kings counties will also seeMadera, Merced, Kings, and Tulare counties. The results of
David E. Dowall; Peter Ellis
Beyond Patient Health Escalating populations, expanding urban environments, poverty,
resistance, ozone depletion, asthma and heavy metal toxicity ┬Ę The program also supports student and facultyBeyond Patient Health Escalating populations, expanding urban environments, poverty, pollution
Denham, Graham
Model for Sustainable Urban Design With Expanded Sections on...
Design With Expanded Sections on Distributed Energy Resources, February 2004 Model for Sustainable Urban Design With Expanded Sections on Distributed Energy Resources, February...
Sustainable Urban Development Priorities - Development of a Rapid...
in Cities with Data Scarcity Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: Sustainable Urban Development Priorities - Development of a Rapid Assessment Tool for...
Quality and Price Perceptions of Urban Chinese Consumers.
??Abstract Quality and price are two product attributes that urban Chinese consumers always take into consideration in the evaluation of alternative brands. Understanding how theyģ (more)
Zhang , Chun
Adapting Urban Transport to Climate Change- Module 5f - Sustainable...
Adapting Urban Transport to Climate Change- Module 5f - Sustainable transport: a sourcebook for policy-makers in developing cities Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary LAUNCH...
Introduction I. What is Sustainable Development in General?PAGE Definitions of Sustainable Development Perspectiveson Sustainable Development Perspectives on Sustainable Urban
renewable energy -building science -urban physics LESO LUNCHTIME* LECTURES
renewable energy - building science - urban physics LESO LUNCHTIME* LECTURES Solar Energy the design of luminaires and the appearance of architecture? The lecture by the German architect Thomas
Testerman, Donna M.
Decentralizing urbanization : harnessing the potential of small cities in India
Perceived as symbols of national development or degeneration, megacities continue to dominate discourse and action related to urbanization, particularly in developing countries like India. Simultaneously, a large portion ...
Suri, Sagarika
The impacts of congestion on time-definitive urban freight distribution networks CO2 emission levels: Results from a case study in Portland,
The impacts of congestion on time-definitive urban freight distribution networks CO2 emission Accepted 29 November 2010 Keywords: Vehicle routing Time-dependent travel time speed GHG or CO2 emissions pressures to limit the impacts associated with CO2 emissions are mounting rapidly. A key challenge
Bertini, Robert L.
The Impacts of Congestion on Time-definitive Urban Freight Distribution1 Networks CO2 Emission Levels: results from a case study in Portland,2
1 The Impacts of Congestion on Time-definitive Urban Freight Distribution1 Networks CO2 Emission pressures to limit the impacts13 associated with CO2 emissions are mounting rapidly. A key challenge on CO2 emissions are hindered by the complexities of vehicle routing18 problems with time
Please cite this article in press as: Nga D.T, et al. Assessing nutrient fluxes in a Vietnamese rural area despite limited and highly uncertain data. Resour Conserv Recy (2011), doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2011.04.008
fertilizers. In addition, the sanitation system was also a critical source of nutrients that enter the surface sanitation systems (such as latrines and septic tanks) and were directly discharged to surface water every in a small and low-income area including two neighbouring communes in rural northern Vietnam, where
The application of a cognitive mapping and user analysis methodology to neighborhood park service area
geographic and social basis. The data will further help researchers and city planners identify the images that urban residents have toward their neighborhoods and the parks located within these areas. HYPOTHESES ANO ASSUHPTIONS The nature of the study...THE APPLICATION OF A COGNITIVE MAPPING ANO USER ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY TO NEIGHBORHOOD PARK SERVICE AREA DIFFERENTIATION A Thesis by LAWRENCE REED MUTTER Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas ASM University in partial fulfillment...
Mutter, Lawrence Reed
COMMENTARY:Limits to adaptation
An actor-centered, risk-based approach to defining limits to social adaptation provides a useful analytic framing for identifying and anticipating these limits and informing debates over society s responses to climate change.
Preston, Benjamin L [ORNL
Music as an Interventional Design Tool for Urban Designers 1. Methodology
into urban elements. The resulting urban environment is a more balanced eco-system, viable and sustainable representation of the urban environment (a facade of the street, square, etc is first transcribed to music score
Mania, Katerina
"Foundation Challenges in Urban Environment" Presented by ASCE Metropolitan Section / Geo-Institute Chapter
"Foundation Challenges in Urban Environment" Presented by ASCE Metropolitan Section / Geo EXCAVATION STABILITY: A CRITICAL FOUNDATION CONSIDERATION IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS Daniel A. Vellone, PG, M: Urban construction environments in rock present unique foundation challenges. Owners, design
Merguerian, Charles
Vertical Village : towards a new typology of high-density low-income urban housing
Apocalyptic global urbanization is old news. For generations statistically supported oracles have warned against the rising tide of rapid urban growth, one must only casually search the keywords "urban slum" on Goggle to ...
Harper, Caleb Benjamin
Architecture symbiosis--a study of cultural synthesis : urban design proposal for Boston Chinatown
The present thesis will focus on the role of culture in architecture and urbanism. The new environment should represent the identity of its inhabitants and the coherence of existing urban context. Architecture and urban ...
Kuo, Hsuyuan
UrbanSolutionsCenter Landscape Maintenance Practices Influence Fire Ant Establishment
UrbanSolutionsCenter Landscape Maintenance Practices Influence Fire Ant Establishment Background one of our most economically important pests in urban landscapes. Fire Ants cause extensive mounding are often necessary in urban landscapes around residential and commercial buildings, in parks
Resource recovery from urban stock, the example of cadmium and tellurium from thin film module recycling
Highlights: ? The semiconductor layer on thin-film photovoltaic modules can be removed from the glass-plate by vacuum blast cleaning. ? The separation of blasting agent and semiconductor can be performed using flotation with a valuable yield of 55%. ? PV modules are a promising source for the recovery of tellurium in the future. - Abstract: Raw material supply is essential for all industrial activities. The use of secondary raw material gains more importance since ore grade in primary production is decreasing. Meanwhile urban stock contains considerable amounts of various elements. Photovoltaic (PV) generating systems are part of the urban stock and recycling technologies for PV thin film modules with CdTe as semiconductor are needed because cadmium could cause hazardous environmental impact and tellurium is a scarce element where future supply might be constrained. The paper describes a sequence of mechanical processing techniques for end-of-life PV thin film modules consisting of sandblasting and flotation. Separation of the semiconductor material from the glass surface was possible, however, enrichment and yield of valuables in the flotation step were non-satisfying. Nevertheless, recovery of valuable metals from urban stock is a viable method for the extension of the availability of limited natural resources.
Simon, F.-G., E-mail: email@example.com [BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 4.3 Contaminant Transfer and Environmental Technologies, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin (Germany); Holm, O.; Berger, W. [BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 4.3 Contaminant Transfer and Environmental Technologies, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin (Germany)
National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
TRU material in the trench because there is no groundwater pathway under foreseeable climate conditions. The Area 5 RWMS probabilistic PA model can be modified and used to...
Groundwater Management Areas (Texas)
This legislation authorizes the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality and the Texas Water Development Board to establish Groundwater Management Areas to provide for the conservation,...
A long-term post-project evaluation of an urban stream restoration project (Baxter Creek, El Cerrito, California)
1995. Evaluating stream restoration projects. Environmentalof a small, urban stream restoration project in northernhistory of urban stream restoration. Aquatic Conservation:
Purcell, Alison
Water Supply Challenges in Cities as a Result of Urbanization: Analyzing the Hurdles of Achieving Universal Water Access in Kampala
in Kampala and untreated sewage flows back into Lake Victoria, which is also the raw water source. This requires more extensive and energy intensive treatment to produce drinking water, indicating the interrelationship between sanitation facilities... to access physical distribution points, which is affected by several items. 4.1. Urbanization Immigrants come to Kampala across all income levels from both rural areas and other cities (UN-Habitat, 2010). Of 60 individuals asked, 75% were born outside...
Felter, Greg
Smart Beijing: Correlation of Urban Electrical Energy Consumption with Urban Environmental Sensing for Optimizing Distribution Planning
parameters (air quality, noise pollution, traffic levels, water quality, etc.) in a distributed manner and create anomolies in pollution levels in specific locations, such as sporting events, rallies and fairs pollution and a series of other social problems. The urban electrical energy development has also been
Beigl, Michael
A Uniform Sky Illumination Model to Enhance Shading of Terrain and Urban Areas
. Brookville, NY 11050 USA (516) 299-2652 firstname.lastname@example.com Fax: (516) 299-3945 and A. James Stewart (Foley et al. 1990). Cartographers consider the same factors when shading terrain. Imhof (1982) discussed reflector (Foley et al. 1990; Weibel and Heller 1991; Zhou 1992). Because most terrain elements behave more
Stewart, James
Cities and the Environment (CATE) Issue 1 Urban Long-Term Research Area Exploratory
, Mark K.; Lambruschi, Marc; and Hasle, Erika (2014) "Characteristics of Stewardship in the Chicago, Mark J. Bouman, Cherie L. Fisher, Mark K. Johnston, Marc Lambruschi, and Erika Hasle This special topic
A robust motion planning approach for autonomous driving in urban areas
This thesis presents an improved sampling-based motion planning algorithm, Robust RRT, that is designed specifically for large robotic vehicles and uncertain, dynamic environments. Five main extensions have been made to ...
Fiore, Gaston A
with transmission of an infectious agent from cooling towers (CT). During the episode that occured in Pas to contaminated cooling towers system may occur over distance larger than 10km. In addition, most cooling towers dispersion from a virtual cooling tower at the same location. The biological model has been activated
Survey on Cooling Costs and Related Factors for Apartments in an Urban Area of Osaka
. (1978), Hong (1993), Sawachi et al. (1994), and Suzuki et al. (1995). Ojima et al. surveyed the actual situations of energy use for electricity, gas, and kerosene in nine cities for both detached houses and apartments and for both rented and owned... members, the income, and the cooling and heating systems affected the energy use. Enai et al. presented a method to estimate kerosene consumption according to the degree-days. Sawachi et al. introduced estimation formulae of energy use based...
Umemiya, N.; Lin, X.; Inoue, G.
Developing Anthropogenic Heating Profiles for Urban Areas Across the United States
and approximate state-wide fuel efficiency. Heat added by buildings take into account electricity (e.g., AC systems, appliances) and heating fuel usage. The building component relies on both population and climate, as heating and cooling degree days are proportional to the amount of heating fuel and electricity used
Challenges and strategies for increasing adoption of small wind turbines in urban areas
A student group at MIT in cooperation with the MIT Department of Facilities is currently working to install a Skystream 3.7 wind turbine on MIT's campus. This has raised several questions about how to best develop small ...
Ferrigno, Kevin J. (Kevin James)
Inhalation of motor vehicle emissions: effects of urban population and land area
transfer factors for air pollution health risk assessment.of the health impacts attributable to air pollution (Bennettair-quality management is to minimize adverse health effects of air pollution.
Marshall, Julian D.; McKone, Thomas E.; Deakin, Elizabeth; Nazaroff, William W.
Low Speed Automation: technical feasibility of the driving sharing in urban areas
focusing on vehicle automation since many years. From 1987 to 1995 the European Commission funded the 800 one of the first concepts of vehicles designed as fully automated vehicles [1]. Beyond its fully four vehicles from Parma, Italy, to Shanghai, China, mainly in an automated way [4]. The same year
VLES Study of Flow and Dispersion Patterns in Heterogeneous Urban Areas
. I. Introduction The threat of an intentional or non-intentional chemical/biological/nuclear (CBN, traffic) and the thermal forces (i.e. surface heating, HVAC systems) that control dispersion at this scale
L├Čhner, Rainald
Visualization of Traffic Flow and Atmospheric Pollutant Flow in Urban Areas
and air pollutants using polygons and translucent particles. The system is applied for public roads around.transport.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp CCity modelity model Air pollutionAir pollution simsim.. TrafficTraffic simsim.. CCity modelity model Air pollutionAir pollution simsim.. TrafficTraffic simsim.. #12;
Tokyo, University of
Molecular Characterization of Organosulfates in Organic Aerosols from Shanghai and Los Angeles Urban Areas by Nanospray-
mass spectrometry with high mass resolution (m/m = 100,000). Solvent mixtures of acetonitrile and water and acetonitrile and toluene were used to extract and ionize polar and nonpolar compounds, respectively. A diverse and unsaturation. The use of the acetonitrile and toluene solvent facilitated the observation of this type
Nizkorodov, Sergey
Plume Rise and Dispersion of Emissions from Low Level Buoyant Sources in Urban Areas
layer. The vertical profile of wind speed (Fig. 8-3g, h)by assuming that wind speed has both vertical and horizontalthat the vertical profile of horizontal wind speed matches
Pournazeri, Sam
Core Holes At Long Valley Caldera Geothermal Area (Urban, Et Al., 1987) |
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 NoPublic Utilities Address: 160Benin:EnergyWisconsin:2003) |Cordova Electric Coop, Inc JumpTanaka, 1995)OpenOpen
Fact #775: April 15, 2013 Top Ten Urban Areas for Fuel Wasted due to
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious Rank EERE:YearRound-UpHeat PumpRecord ofESPCofConstructionofFY 20112:of EnergyLast Five YearsTraffic
Impacts of urban transportation mode split on CO{sub 2} emissions in Jinan, China.
As the world's largest developing country, China currently is undergoing rapid urbanization and motorization, which will result in far-reaching impacts on energy and the environment. According to estimates, energy use and carbon emissions in the transportation sector will comprise roughly 30% of total emissions by 2030. Since the late 1990s, transportation-related issues such as energy, consumption, and carbon emissions have become a policy focus in China. To date, most research and policies have centered on vehicle technologies that promote vehicle efficiency and reduced emissions. Limited research exists on the control of greenhouse gases through mode shifts in urban transportation - in particular, through the promotion of public transit. The purpose of this study is to establish a methodology to analyze carbon emissions from the urban transportation sector at the Chinese city level. By using Jinan, the capital of China's Shandong Province, as an example, we have developed an analytical model to simulate energy consumption and carbon emissions based on the number of trips, the transportation mode split, and the trip distance. This model has enabled us to assess the impacts of the transportation mode split on energy consumption and carbon emissions. Furthermore, this paper reviews a set of methods for data collection, estimation, and processing for situations where statistical data are scarce in China. This paper also describes the simulation of three transportation system development scenarios. The results of this study illustrate that if no policy intervention is implemented for the transportation mode split (the business-as-usual (BAU) case), then emissions from Chinese urban transportation systems will quadruple by 2030. However, a dense, mixed land-use pattern, as well as transportation policies that encourage public transportation, would result in the elimination of 1.93 million tons of carbon emissions - approximately 50% of the BAU scenario emissions.
He, D.; Meng, F.; Wang, M.; He, K. (Energy Systems); (Energy Foundation); (Tsinghua Univ.)
Life in the Fast Lane: Road Crossing Behavior of Mule Deer in a Wildland-Urban Interface
In 2009, approximately 260,000 animal-vehicle collisions were reported in the United States, resulting in 12,000 human injuries and 173 human fatalities. Research has focused on identifying factors associated with high densities of animal-vehicle collisions, including variables such as traffic speed and volume, road design, topographic features, vegetative cover, and local deer or elk (Cervus elaphus) abundance. The purposes of this study were to document how often and where mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) crossed roads in a western United States wildland-urban interface area, and to relate deer road-crossing behavior to deer-vehicle collision locations. Seven adult mule deer (four males [M] and three females [F]) were captured and collared with GPS-enabled collars during December 2001 and January 2002. Five of the seven deployed collars were recovered. None of the roads in the study area appeared to act as a substantial barrier to deer passage. Deer home ranges straddled highways and primary, secondary, and tertiary arterial roads. Deer crossed all types of roads. The average number of times deer crossed road during 24 hours of monitoring ranged from 2.1 to 7.0. Deer in the Los Alamos townsite avoided crossing roads during day and before sunset. Deer-vehicle accidents occurred at 350 percent of the level expected after sunset. All other time periods had fewer accidents than expected. The distribution of accidents across time periods was not similar to the distribution of road crossings across time periods for any deer. Within Los Alamos County there was a clear trend for deer-vehicle collisions to occur on roads with speed limits > 35 mph. Deer in the townsite frequently crossed roads with lower speed limits; therefore, the reason for the paucity of accidents along these roads was evidently the ability of drivers to detect deer (or the ability of deer to detect vehicles) and respond before an accident occurred. There was a significant but not strong correlation between the density of accidents and the density of road crossings. This was probably related to the high number of deer crossings of tertiary arterial roads, where accidents were not likely to occur.
Hansen, Leslie A. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Biggs, James [Northern New Mexico College; Bennett, Kathryn D. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Bare, Carey [Bare and Associates, LLC; Sherwood, Sherri R. [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Improving urban transport performances by tendering lots : an econometric estimation of
- 1 - Improving urban transport performances by tendering lots : an econometric estimation, Christensen & Tretheway 1984), and a large number of econometric estimations had been realised on urban
E-Print Network 3.0 - acque reflue urbane Sample Search Results
Improve Landscape Tree Performance Summary: Engineering Urban Soils to Improve Landscape Tree Performance P. Eric Wiseman, Ph.D. Assistant... Professor, Urban Forestry Department...
Finding Space Beyond Variables: An Analytical Review of Urban Space and Social Inequalities
On the Social Organization of Urban Space: Subversions andand Community in Urban Spaces. ö In David Bell & Gill1991. The Production of Space. Transl. Donald Nicholson-
Joseph, Lauren
E-Print Network 3.0 - atlanta urban rain Sample Search Results
(2008). Shem and Shepherd (2009) noted that Atlanta creates enhanced convergence at the rural-urban... delineation of urban convection for Atlanta, Georgia. Int. J. Climatol., 30,...
E-Print Network 3.0 - attending urban health Sample Search Results
PUBLIC HEALTH NURSINGURBAN PUBLIC HEALTH (MSMPH), 57 CREDITS... cr. 704 Urban Health Care Systems 3cr. 749 Health PromotionDisease Prevention In Diverse Populations... Urban...
Selection of Native Wetland Plants for Water Treatment of Urban Runoff
UC Davis KEYWORDS: Wetlands, Water Treatment, Urban Runoff,of Native Wetland Plants for Water Treatment of UrbanValley Wetlands Biomass Response to Heavy Metal Treatment
Rejmankova, Eliska; Bayer, David E
Fuel cells: providing heat and power in the urban environment
Fuel cells: providing heat and power in the urban environment Jim Halliday, Alan Ruddell, Jane;Fuel cells: providing heat and power in the urban environment Tyndall Centre Technical Report No. 32 efficiencies, and therefore reduced CO2 emissions, compared to conventional centralised generation. Fuel cell
Watson, Andrew
Urban Pollution Control Strategies Reading: pages 422-437
ATOC 3500 Urban Pollution Control Strategies Reading: pages 422-437 Details to come #12;#12;Urban Pollution Control Strategies What we know so far: ┬Ę Different regions have different issues, but two types, warm, NOx, HCs, ozone, CO) ┬Ę Pollution is made worse by meteorological conditions called "inversions
Toohey, Darin W.
Modeling impact of urban air pollution on health
Modeling impact of urban air pollution on health: Preliminary results and testing a methodology with hospitals for the study of air pollution impact on specific deceases (old people admitted in emergency morbidity data and pollutants concentrations at the regional/urban scale Health and air quality in France
Sediment management in sustainable urban drainage system ponds
Sediment management in sustainable urban drainage system ponds K.V. Heal*, D.A. Hepburn** and firstname.lastname@example.com) Abstract Since removal and disposal of sustainable urban drainage system (SUDS) sediment can incur high maintenance costs, assessments of sediment volumes, quality and frequency of removal are required. Sediment
Heal, Kate
Persistent pollutants urban rivers sediment survey: implications for pollution control
in the motor and construction industries; housekeeping measures to minimise storage and handling risks for oilPersistent pollutants urban rivers sediment survey: implications for pollution control C. firstname.lastname@example.com) Abstract The impacts of diffuse urban sources of pollution on watercourses are quantified. A survey of nine
Sustainable Decentralized Model for Solid Waste Management in Urban India
Sustainable Decentralized Model for Solid Waste Management in Urban India Hita Unnikrishnan, Brunda the sustenance of a decentralized solid waste management system in urban India. Towards this end, two a national legislation ┬Ł the Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) rules, 2000 (Ministry
boundary layer, Urban climato- logy, Urban energy balance. 1. Introduction The main reason floor) and vertical (walls) surfaces on the wind speed, temperature and turbulent kinetic energy in a bidimensional case of a city over flat terrain. The new parameterisation is shown to be able to reproduce
Energy Usage Attitudes of Urban India IBM Research India
Energy Usage Attitudes of Urban India Mohit Jain IBM Research India firstname.lastname@example.com email@example.com Amarjeet Singh IIIT Delhi, India firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract-- Though rapid increase in energy factors affecting energy consumption in urban India. However, the small numbers of participants in those
Toronto, University of
Effectiveness of Urban Shelter-in-Place. III: Commercial Districts
In the event of a toxic chemical release to the atmosphere, shelter-in-place (SIP) is an emergency response option available to protect public health. This paper is the last in a three-part series that examines the effectiveness of SIP at reducing adverse health effects in communities. We model a hypothetical chemical release in an urban area, and consider SIP effectiveness in protecting occupants of commercial buildings. Building air infiltration rates are predicted from empirical data using an existing model. We consider the distribution of building air infiltration rates both with mechanical ventilation systems turned off and with the systems operating. We also consider the effects of chemical sorption to indoor surfaces and nonlinear chemical dose-response relationships. We find that commercial buildings provide effective shelter when ventilation systems are off, but that any delay in turning off ventilation systems can greatly reduce SIP effectiveness. Using a two-zone model, we find that there can be substantial benefit by taking shelter in the inner parts of a building that do not experience direct air exchange with the outdoors. Air infiltration rates vary substantially among buildings and this variation is important in quantifying effectiveness for emergency response. Community-wide health metrics, introduced in the previous papers in this series, can be applied in pre-event planning and to guide real-time emergency response.
Chan, Wanyu R.; Chan, Wanyu R.; Nazaroff, William W.; Price, Phillip N.; Gadgil, Ashok J.
Quantum dynamics in the thermodynamic limit
The description of spontaneous symmetry breaking that underlies the connection between classically ordered objects in the thermodynamic limit and their individual quantum-mechanical building blocks is one of the cornerstones of modern condensed-matter theory and has found applications in many different areas of physics. The theory of spontaneous symmetry breaking, however, is inherently an equilibrium theory, which does not address the dynamics of quantum systems in the thermodynamic limit. Here, we will use the example of a particular antiferromagnetic model system to show that the presence of a so-called thin spectrum of collective excitations with vanishing energy - one of the well-known characteristic properties shared by all symmetry-breaking objects - can allow these objects to also spontaneously break time-translation symmetry in the thermodynamic limit. As a result, that limit is found to be able, not only to reduce quantum-mechanical equilibrium averages to their classical counterparts, but also to turn individual-state quantum dynamics into classical physics. In the process, we find that the dynamical description of spontaneous symmetry breaking can also be used to shed some light on the possible origins of Born's rule. We conclude by describing an experiment on a condensate of exciton polaritons which could potentially be used to experimentally test the proposed mechanism.
Wezel, Jasper van [Theory of Condensed Matter, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HE (United Kingdom)
Monitoring peak power and cooling energy savings of shade trees and white surfaces in the Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) service area: Project design and preliminary results
Urban areas in warm climates create summer heat islands of daily average intensity of 3--5{degrees}C, adding to discomfort and increasing air-conditioning loads. Two important factors contributing to urban heat islands are reductions in albedo (lower overall city reflectance) and loss of vegetation (less evapotranspiration). Reducing summer heat islands by planting vegetation (shade trees) and increasing surface albedos, saves cooling energy, allows down-sizing of air conditioners, lowers air-conditioning peak demand, and reduces the emission of CO{sub 2} and other pollutants from electric power plants. The focus of this multi-year project, jointly sponsored by SMUD and the California Institute for Energy Efficiency (CIEE), was to measure the direct cooling effects of trees and white surfaces (mainly roofs) in a few buildings in Sacramento. The first-year project was to design the experiment and obtain base case data. We also obtained limited post retrofit data for some sites. This report provides an overview of the project activities during the first year at six sites. The measurement period for some of the sites was limited to September and October, which are transitional cooling months in Sacramento and hence the interpretation of results only apply to this period. In one house, recoating the dark roof with a high-albedo coating rendered air conditioning unnecessary for the month of September (possible savings of up to 10 kWh per day and 2 kW of non-coincidental peak power). Savings of 50% relative to an identical base case bungalow were achieved when a school bungalow`s roof and southeast wall were coated with a high-albedo coating during the same period. Our measured data for the vegetation sites do not indicate conclusive results because shade trees were small and the cooling period was almost over. We need to collect more data over a longer cooling season in order to demonstrate savings conclusively.
Akbari, H.; Bretz, S.; Hanford, J.; Rosenfeld, A.; Sailor, D.; Taha, H. [Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States); Bos, W. [Sacramento Municipal Utility District, CA (United States)
Consumer Price Index-All Urban Consumers Consumer Price Index-All Urban Consumers Not Seasonally Adjusted Not Seasonally Adjusted
Consumer Price Index-All Urban Consumers Consumer Price Index-All Urban Consumers Not Seasonally Documents, Consumer Price Index, Legislative Council Staff, Colo. General Assembly "Other Publications" U. S. and Denver/Boulder Consumer Price Index (CPI) U.S. Denver/Boulder Institutional Research 12/10/2013 #12;
Consumer Price Index-All Urban Consumers Consumer Price Index-All Urban Consumers Not Seasonally://www.colorado.gov/cs/Satellite/CGA-LegislativeCouncil/CLC/1209375339625 *Other Economic Research Documents, Consumer Price Index, Legislative Council Staff, Colo. General Assembly "Other Publications" U. S. and Denver/Boulder Consumer Price Index (CPI) U.S. Denver
Consumer Price Index-All Urban Consumers Consumer Price Index-All Urban Consumers Not Seasonally://www.bls.gov/cpi/home.htm) *Other Economic Research Documents, Consumer Price Index , Legislative Council Staff, Colo. General Assembly "Other Publications" U. S. and Denver/Boulder Consumer Price Index (CPI) U.S. Denver/Boulder http
Tropical Limit in Statistical Physics
Tropical limit for macroscopic systems in equilibrium defined as the formal limit of Boltzmann constant k going to 0 is discussed. It is shown that such tropical limit is well-adapted to analyse properties of systems with highly degenerated energy levels, particularly of frustrated systems like spin ice and spin glasses. Tropical free energy is a piecewise linear function of temperature, tropical entropy is a piecewise constant function and the system has energy for which tropical Gibbs' probability has maximum. Properties of systems in the points of jump of entropy are studied. Systems with finite and infinitely many energy levels and phenomena of limiting temperatures are discussed.
M. Angelelli; B. Konopelchenko
Decontamination & decommissioning focus area
In January 1994, the US Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management (DOE EM) formally introduced its new approach to managing DOE`s environmental research and technology development activities. The goal of the new approach is to conduct research and development in critical areas of interest to DOE, utilizing the best talent in the Department and in the national science community. To facilitate this solutions-oriented approach, the Office of Science and Technology (EM-50, formerly the Office of Technology Development) formed five Focus AReas to stimulate the required basic research, development, and demonstration efforts to seek new, innovative cleanup methods. In February 1995, EM-50 selected the DOE Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC) to lead implementation of one of these Focus Areas: the Decontamination and Decommissioning (D & D) Focus Area.
Geographic Area Month
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) Indexed Site
Fuels by PAD District and State (Cents per Gallon Excluding Taxes) - Continued Geographic Area Month No. 1 Distillate No. 2 Distillate a No. 4 Fuel b Sales to End Users Sales for...
Radionuclide limits for vault disposal at the Savannah River Site
The Savannah River Site is developing a facility called the E-Area Vaults which will serve as the new radioactive waste disposal facility beginning early in 1992. The facility will employ engineered below-grade concrete vaults for disposal and above-grade storage for certain long-lived mobile radionuclides. This report documents the determination of interim upper limits for radionuclide inventories and concentrations which should be allowed in the disposal structures. The work presented here will aid in the development of both waste acceptance criteria and operating limits for the E-Area Vaults. Disposal limits for forty isotopes which comprise the SRS waste streams were determined. The limits are based on total facility and vault inventories for those radionuclides which impact groundwater, and or waste package concentrations for those radionuclides which could affect intruders.
Cook, J.R.
Effects of surface voids on burning rate measurements of pulverized coal at diffusion-limited conditions
This research explores the effects of voids (pores on the particle surface that are deeper than their surface radius) on burning area at diffusion-limited combustion conditions. Scanning electron microscopy and digital processing of images of quenched particles were used to quantify surface void area, perimeter, and reacting void wall area for voids with diameters larger than 1 {micro}m. After careful analysis, the most accurate determination of particle burning area at diffusion-limited conditions was achieved by measuring particle surface area using the technique of discrete revolution, subtracting surface void area, and adding reacting void wall area. In situ measurements of reacting coal particle temperatures and images were taken for three coals and spherocarb particles at conditions that limit the formation of CO{sub 2} from reacting carbon under various oxygen concentrations and heating rates. The results of these experiments indicate that correcting the measured surface area for void area and reacting void wall area produces calculated burning rates closely matching diffusion-limited burning rates for all conditions and all coals investigated. These results suggest that void area effects should be included for accurate determination of burning area at diffusion-limited conditions.
Bayless, D.J.; Schroeder, A.R.; Peters, J.E.; Buckius, R.O. [Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL (United States). Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering] [Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL (United States). Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
Cylindrical fuel casks often have impact limiters surrounding just the ends of the cask shaft in a typical 'dumbbell' arrangement. The primary purpose of these impact limiters is to absorb energy to reduce loads on the cask structure during impacts associated with a severe accident. Impact limiters are also credited in many packages with protecting closure seals and maintaining lower peak temperatures during fire events. For this credit to be taken in safety analyses, the impact limiter attachment system must be shown to retain the impact limiter following Normal Conditions of Transport (NCT) and Hypothetical Accident Conditions (HAC) impacts. Large casks are often certified by analysis only because of the costs associated with testing. Therefore, some cask impact limiter attachment systems have not been tested in real impacts. A recent structural analysis of the T-3 Spent Fuel Containment Cask found problems with the design of the impact limiter attachment system. Assumptions in the original Safety Analysis for Packaging (SARP) concerning the loading in the attachment bolts were found to be inaccurate in certain drop orientations. This paper documents the lessons learned and their applicability to impact limiter attachment system designs.
Leduc, D; Jeffery England, J; Roy Rothermel, R
Limitations on entropic Bell inequalities
The derivation of Bell inequalities in terms of quantum statistical (thermodynamic) entropies is considered. Inequalities of the Wigner form are derived but shown to be extremely limiting in their applicability due to the nature of the density matrices involved. This also helps to identify a limitation in the Cerf-Adami inequalities.
Ian T. Durham
Congressional Request Limiting the Magnitude
as goals? Target: limit U.S. GHG emissions (e.g., national emission budget, or percent reduction) What is a reasonable share of U.S. emission reductions relative to the global targets? What is the implied emissions on atmospheric GHG concentrations? Target: limit atmospheric GHG concentrations (e.g., 450, 550 ppm CO2,eq) How
Landscape and Urban Planning 87 (2008) 269278 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Landscape and Urban Planning 87 (2008) 269┬Ł278 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Landscape and Urban Planning journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/landurbplan Analyses of urban landscape September 2008 Keywords: Urbanization Satellite image Landscape pattern Petroleum-oriented cities a b s t r
Wang, Le
In-Situ Monitoring of Trace Gases in a Non-Urban Environment
A set of commercial instruments measuring carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen oxides [nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and odd nitrogens (NOX)] was integrated and deployed in a non¢urban environment. The deployment occurred between July 2, 2007 and August 7, 2007 in Richland, WA. The mixing ratios of all species were lower than in most rural¢suburban environments, and strong diurnal patterns were observed. NO2 was depleted by photochemically formed ozone during the day and replenished at night as ozone was destroyed. The highest ozone concentration during these episodes was 45 ppb. The overall average was 15 ppb with readings approaching near zero at times. This observation is low compared to average daytime summer readings of 60¢80 ppb in highly populated and industrialized urban areas in the Pacific Northwest region. Back?trajectory analysis and prevailing weather conditions both indicated that much of the ozone was transported locally or was produced in¢situ. Analysis of SO2 as a tracer for O3 advection further indicated lack of long¢range regional transport of pollutants to Richland. We also present results of analysis of high ozone episodes and comparisons relative to other areas in the Pacific Northwest region. These results provide a useful sample data set to study the historical record of air quality in rural Eastern Washington.
Mioduszewski, John R.; Yu, Xiao-Ying; Morris, Victor R.; Berkowitz, Carl M.; Flaherty, Julia E.
Researcher explores economics of U.S. urban water demand
Story by Kathy Wythe tx H2O | pg. 24 Researcher explores economics of U.S. urban water demand Photo by: Danielle Supercinski tx H2O | pg. 25 With projected demands for future water supplies becoming more critical, understand- ing urban... contributing to urban water demand in the United States. They analyzed how water use is affected by water prices in nearly 200 U.S. cities. ?It?s interesting that many people still buy into the myth that water demand is not price- sensitive, even though...
Wythe, Kathy
Nonlinear subcritical magnetohydrodynamic beta limit
Published gyrokinetic simulations have had difficulty operating beyond about half the ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) critical beta limit with stationary and low transport levels in some well-established reference cases. Here it is demonstrated that this limitation is unlikely due to numerical instability, but rather appears to be a nonlinear subcritical MHD beta limit[R. E. Waltz, Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 1098 (1985)] induced by the locally enhanced pressure gradients from the diamagnetic component of the nonlinearly driven (zero frequency) zonal flows. Strong evidence that the zonal flow corrugated pressure gradient profiles can act as a MHD-like beta limit unstable secondary equilibrium is provided. It is shown that the addition of sufficient ExB shear or operation closer to drift wave instability threshold, thereby reducing the high-n drift wave turbulence nonlinear pumping of the zonal flows, can allow the normal high-n ideal MHD beta limit to be reached with low transport levels. Example gyrokinetic simulations of experimental discharges are provided: one near the high-n beta limit reasonably matches the low transport levels needed when the high experimental level of ExB shear is applied; a second experimental example at moderately high beta appears to be limited by the subcritical beta.
Waltz, R. E. [General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608 (United States)
Limitations and improvements for harmonic generation measurements
A typical acoustic harmonic generation measurement comes with certain limitations. Firstly, the use of the plane wave-based analysis used to extract the nonlinear parameter, ?, ignores the effects of diffraction, attenuation and receiver averaging which are common to most experiments, and may therefore limit the accuracy of a measurement. Secondly, the method usually requires data obtained from a through-transmission type setup, which may not be practical in a field measurement scenario where access to the component is limited. Thirdly, the technique lacks a means of pinpointing areas of damage in a component, as the measured nonlinearity represents an average over the length of signal propagation. Here we describe a three-dimensional model of harmonic generation in a sound beam, which is intended to provide a more realistic representation of a typical experiment. The presence of a reflecting boundary is then incorporated into the model to assess the feasibility of performing single-sided measurements. Experimental validation is provided where possible. Finally, a focusing acoustic source is modelled to provide a theoretical indication of the afforded advantages when the nonlinearity is localized.
Best, Steven; Croxford, Anthony; Neild, Simon [Department of Mechanical Engineering, Queens Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TR (United Kingdom)
Decontamination Technologies, Task 3, Urban Remediation and Response Project
In the aftermath of a Radiological Dispersal Device (RDD, also known as a dirty bomb) it will be necessary to remediate the site including building exteriors and interiors, equipment, pavement, vehicles, personal items etc. Remediation will remove or reduce radioactive contamination from the area using a combination of removing and disposing of many assets (including possible demolition of buildings), decontaminating and returning to service other assets, and fixing in place or leaving in place contamination that is deemed 'acceptable'. The later will require setting acceptable dose standards, which will require negotiation with all involved parties and a balance of risk and cost to benefit. To accomplish the first two, disposal or decontamination, a combination of technologies will be deployed that can be loosely classified as: Decontamination; Equipment removal and size reduction; and Demolition. This report will deal only with the decontamination technologies that will be used to return assets to service or to reduce waste disposal. It will not discuss demolition, size reduction or removal technologies or equipment (e.g., backhoe mounted rams, rock splitter, paving breakers and chipping hammers, etc.). As defined by the DOE (1994), decontamination is removal of radiological contamination from the surfaces of facilities and equipment. Expertise in this field comes primarily from the operation and decommissioning of DOE and commercial nuclear facilities as well as a small amount of ongoing research and development closely related to RDD decontamination. Information related to decontamination of fields, buildings, and public spaces resulting from the Goiania and Chernobyl incidents were also reviewed and provide some meaningful insight into decontamination at major urban areas. In order to proceed with decontamination, the item being processed needs to have an intrinsic value that exceeds the cost of the cleaning and justifies the exposure of any workers during the decontamination process(es). In the case of an entire building, the value may be obvious; it's costly to replace the structure. For a smaller item such as a vehicle or painting, the cost versus benefit of decontamination needs to be evaluated. This will be determined on a case by case basis and again is beyond the scope of this report, although some thoughts on decontamination of unique, personal and high value items are given. But, this is clearly an area that starting discussions and negotiations early on will greatly benefit both the economics and timeliness of the clean up. In addition, high value assets might benefit from pre-event protection such as protective coatings or HEPA filtered rooms to prevent contaminated outside air from entering the room (e.g., an art museum).
Heiser,J.; Sullivan, T.
OLED area illumination source
The present invention relates to an area illumination light source comprising a plurality of individual OLED panels. The individual OLED panels are configured in a physically modular fashion. Each OLED panel comprising a plurality of OLED devices. Each OLED panel comprises a first electrode and a second electrode such that the power being supplied to each individual OLED panel may be varied independently. A power supply unit capable of delivering varying levels of voltage simultaneously to the first and second electrodes of each of the individual OLED panels is also provided. The area illumination light source also comprises a mount within which the OLED panels are arrayed.
Foust, Donald Franklin (Scotia, NY); Duggal, Anil Raj (Niskayuna, NY); Shiang, Joseph John (Niskayuna, NY); Nealon, William Francis (Gloversville, NY); Bortscheller, Jacob Charles (Clifton Park, NY)
) Common Use Areas All floored areas in the building for circulation and standard facilities provided and the like. These are extracts of NWPC standard method of measurement of building areas with an addition fromSection S ANNEXURE 4 MEASUREMENT OF BUILDING AREAS MEASUREMENT OF BUILDING AREAS 1. GROSS BUILDING
Wang, Yan
Cognitive Limitations and Investment "Myopia"
Optimization of investment decisions in an uncertain and dynamically evolving environment is difficult due to the limitations of the decision makerÆs cognitive capacity. Thus, actual investment decisions may deviate from ...
Chi, Tailan; Fan, Dashan
Extremal Limits and Kerr Spacetime
The fact that one must evaluate the near-extremal and near-horizon limits of Kerr space-time in a specific order, is shown to a lead to discontinuity in the extremal limit, such that this limiting space-time differs nontrivially from the precisely extremal space-time. This is established by first showing a discontinuity in the extremal limit of the maximal analytic extension of the Kerr geometry, given by Carter. Next, we examine the ISCO of the exactly extremal Kerr geometry and show that on the event horizon of the extremal Kerr black hole, it coincides with the principal null geodesic generator of the horizon, having vanishing energy and angular momentum. We find that there is no such ISCO in the near-extremal geometry, thus garnering additional support for our primary contention. We relate this disparity between the two geometries to the lack of a trapping horizon in the extremal situation.
Parthapratim Pradhan; Parthasarathi Majumdar
Spitzer White Dwarf Planet Limits
We present preliminary limits on the presence of planets around white dwarf stars using the IRAC photometer on the Spitzer space telescope. Planets emit strongly in the mid-infrared which allows their presence to be detected as an excess at these wavelengths. We place limits of $5 M_J$ for 8 stars assuming ages of $1 Gyr$, and $10 M_J$ for 23 stars.We describe our survey, present our results and comment on approaches to improve our methodology.
F. Mullally; Ted von Hippel; D. E. Winget
Subsurface contaminants focus area
The US Department of Enregy (DOE) Subsurface Contaminants Focus Area is developing technologies to address environmental problems associated with hazardous and radioactive contaminants in soil and groundwater that exist throughout the DOE complex, including radionuclides, heavy metals; and dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). More than 5,700 known DOE groundwater plumes have contaminated over 600 billion gallons of water and 200 million cubic meters of soil. Migration of these plumes threatens local and regional water sources, and in some cases has already adversely impacted off-site rsources. In addition, the Subsurface Contaminants Focus Area is responsible for supplying technologies for the remediation of numerous landfills at DOE facilities. These landfills are estimated to contain over 3 million cubic meters of radioactive and hazardous buried Technology developed within this specialty area will provide efective methods to contain contaminant plumes and new or alternative technologies for development of in situ technologies to minimize waste disposal costs and potential worker exposure by treating plumes in place. While addressing contaminant plumes emanating from DOE landfills, the Subsurface Contaminants Focus Area is also working to develop new or alternative technologies for the in situ stabilization, and nonintrusive characterization of these disposal sites.
Aalberts, Daniel P.
Plutonium focus area
To ensure research and development programs focus on the most pressing environmental restoration and waste management problems at the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), the Assistant Secretary for the Office of Environmental Management (EM) established a working group in August 1993 to implement a new approach to research and technology development. As part of this new approach, EM developed a management structure and principles that led to the creation of specific Focus Areas. These organizations were designed to focus the scientific and technical talent throughout DOE and the national scientific community on the major environmental restoration and waste management problems facing DOE. The Focus Area approach provides the framework for intersite cooperation and leveraging of resources on common problems. After the original establishment of five major Focus Areas within the Office of Technology Development (EM-50, now called the Office of Science and Technology), the Nuclear Materials Stabilization Task Group (EM-66) followed the structure already in place in EM-50 and chartered the Plutonium Focus Area (PFA). The following information outlines the scope and mission of the EM, EM-60, and EM-66 organizations as related to the PFA organizational structure.
Passive fault current limiting device
A passive current limiting device and isolator is particularly adapted for use at high power levels for limiting excessive currents in a circuit in a fault condition such as an electrical short. The current limiting device comprises a magnetic core wound with two magnetically opposed, parallel connected coils of copper, a high temperature superconductor or other electrically conducting material, and a fault element connected in series with one of the coils. Under normal operating conditions, the magnetic flux density produced by the two coils cancel each other. Under a fault condition, the fault element is triggered to cause an imbalance in the magnetic flux density between the two coils which results in an increase in the impedance in the coils. While the fault element may be a separate current limiter, switch, fuse, bimetal strip or the like, it preferably is a superconductor current limiter conducting one-half of the current load compared to the same limiter wired to carry the total current of the circuit. The major voltage during a fault condition is in the coils wound on the common core in a preferred embodiment. 6 figs.
Evans, D.J.; Cha, Y.S.
A Strategic Project Appraisal framework for ecologically sustainable urban infrastructure
Actors in the built environment are progressively considering environmental and social issues alongside functional and economic aspects of development projects. Infrastructure projects represent major investment and construction initiatives with attendant environmental, economic and societal impacts across multiple scales. To date, while sustainability strategies and frameworks have focused on wider national aspirations and strategic objectives, they are noticeably weak in addressing micro-level integrated decision making in the built environment, particularly for infrastructure projects. The proposed approach of this paper is based on the principal that early intervention is the most cost-effective and efficient means of mitigating the environmental effects of development projects, particularly macro infrastructure developments. A strategic overview of the various project alternatives, taking account for stakeholder and expert input, could effectively reduce project impacts/risks at low cost to the project developers but provide significant benefit to wider communities, including communities of future stakeholders. This paper is the first exploratory step in developing a more systematic framework for evaluating strategic alternatives for major metropolitan infrastructure projects, based on key sustainability principles. The developed Strategic Project Appraisal (SPA) framework, grounded in the theory of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), provides a means of practically appraising project impacts and alternatives in terms of quantified ecological limits; addresses the neglected topic of metropolitan infrastructure as a means of delivering sustainability outcomes in the urban context and more broadly, seeks to open a debate on the potential for SEA methodology to be more extensively applied to address sustainability challenges in the built environment. Practically applied and timed appropriately, the SPA framework can enable better decision-making and more efficient resource allocation ensuring low impact infrastructure development.
Morrissey, John, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Centre for Design, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne VIC 3001 (Australia); Iyer-Raniga, Usha, E-mail: email@example.com [School of Property, Construction and Project Management, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne VIC 3001 (Australia); McLaughlin, Patricia; Mills, Anthony [School of Property, Construction and Project Management, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne VIC 3001 (Australia)
Improving the Image, Identity, and Reputation of Urban School Systems
This collective qualitative case study explores the ways American urban school districts engage in image management and reputation building activities to sustain their on-going organizational improvement efforts and maintain public support...
Stockwell, Robert R.
A National Assessment of the Intrastructure for Urban Wildlife Management
ecosystems. Universities and state wildlife agencies are the main driving forces for research and management, and it is crucial that these institutions provide support for managing wildlife in urban environments. Universities (n = 73) and state wildlife...
Murphy, Michaela Rene
Urban and Industrial Sites Reinvestment Tax Credit Program (Connecticut)
The Urban and Industrial Sites Reinvestment Tax Credit Program provides up to $100 million in tax credits over a ten-year period to support projects that create jobs and capital investment in under...
The impacts of urbanization on endangered florida key deer
for resources between man and wildlife continues, it is important to understand the effects of urbanization on species. Endangered Key deer (Odocoileus virginianus clavium) are endemic to the Florida Keys archipelago stretching southwest off the southern tip...
Harveson, Patricia Moody
Integrated Planning and Management for Urban Water Supplies
Positions for Water Supply Reliability ................................. 15 4 Shortage Management Modeling.2: Diagram of Water Supply Reliability Model Structure ..................49 5.3: Steps Used in ShortageIntegrated Planning and Management for Urban Water Supplies Considering Multiple Uncertainties Jay
Pasternack, Gregory B.
A review of urban computing for mobile phone traces
In this work, we present three classes of methods to extract information from triangulated mobile phone signals, and describe applications with different goals in spatiotemporal analysis and urban modeling. Our first ...
Jiang, Shan
Intensifying urban thresholds : building continuity for New Bedfords's waterfront
This thesis explores issues of urban form through an understanding of vernacular traditions in a local context. The exploration consists of looking at the characteristics of a particular place in an attempt to understand ...
Hollister, Susan Elizabeth
Between external and internal space : an urban transition
The aim of this dissertation is to explore the evolution of both architecture and urban space, in terms of mutual relationship between solids and voids, with particular attention to two transitional moments of ancient and ...
Cappelletti Daniele
Investing (in) equity : how can urban development internalize social cost?
This thesis recognizes the social costs created by privately driven urban development while also acknowledging cities' fiscal dependence on local property taxes. This study is based on the premise that equitable spatial ...
Xypolia, Aspasia, 1976-
Successful streets : performance measures, community engagement, and urban street design
Over the past decade, local transportation agencies have increasingly re-designed urban arterials, their cities' major surface streets, to better accommodate a wide range of users. At the same time, a growing number of ...
Steinemann, Jeremy R
Sustainable urban mobility : exploring the role of the built environment
This dissertation examines the concept of sustainable mobility within an urban context. In essence, the research aims to answer the question, "What role does a city's built environment play, if any, in the sustainability ...
Zegras, Pericles Christopher, 1968-
The engineers and the urban system, 1968-1974/
The social policy agenda of the Great Society was shaped by the recognition that if broad social improvement was to be achieved in urban America, social planning and state intervention based on systemically acquired expertise ...
Wood, Alexander Hilton
Adaptation and adaptability : expectant design for resilience in coastal urbanity
What is the nature of and possibility for urban resiliency through adaptation? Adaptation implies responsiveness to phenomena that are disruptive to a system's functioning; it is a willful evolution in response to changed ...
Ruskeepõõ, Laura A. Delaney (Laura Ashley Delaney)
Exploring urban resilience : violence and infrastructure provision in Karachi
The Urban Resilience and Chronic Violence project at MIT extends the scientific concept of resilience to the analysis of chronic conflict. This thesis builds upon the project by testing the usefulness of a socio-spatial ...
Raman, Prassanna
Considerations in the recycling of urban parking garages
Because of the decreasing use of private automobiles in city centers and because of usual development pressures, some urban parking garages will become available for replacement or recycling. The choice between replacement ...
Paul, Michael Johannes
An urban infill : a residual site in Boston
This thesis is concerned with the treatment of residual sites in the context of the urban environment and in particular with the wounds inflicted by the passage of the Massachusetts Turnpike through the city of Boston. The ...
Savvides, Andreas L. (Andreas Loucas)
Urban mechanics : the parking garage as an instrument of legibility
No typology has fragmented urban space more than the parking garage. In fact, the city of Houston's parking contingent practice has a resulted in a garage on 30% of the downtown district.The range from a few underground ...
Martinez, Marcus E. (Marcus Eugene)
The urban waterfront in flux : accommodating uncertainty in Brooklyn
Urban waterfronts are host to every shade of a city's development. Once pulsating with trade and production, the very reason for the city's existence, the mid 20th century brought jarring macroeconomic shifts and technological ...
Young, Jaime Renķe
Infinite urban landscapes : a journey through Cambridge, Massachusetts
This study explores how the forms of urban landscapes influence and reflect physical and metaphorical journeys through a city. Using an interdisciplinary approach, the artist and researcher investigates the diverse landscapes ...
Brunetto, Leah B. (Leah Beth)
Proximity of body & mind : urban gym as a heterotopic domain
In the present urban space, where an individual is exposed to the conditions of heterogeneity and anonymity, a conventional Bodybuilding Gym opens up certain issues of emplacement of un/nder-spoken men's body and its ...
Lee, Hyung Suk, 1971-
Landscape and memory : transformation of an urban river's edge
I grew up in Philadelphia. The waterfront and its urban character motivated my original focus combined with architectural interests in dealing with public spaces. The search began for a site which was a locus of intensity ...
McHugh, Eileen T. (Eileen Teresa), 1966-
Edens islands rooms : the project of the urban interior
The privately owned public interior, defined here as an enclosed urban space owned by a private entity, has been a recurrent character of many 20th century liberal cities. It has today found an epitome in the mega-structural ...
Mahindroo, Amrita
Architecture/landscape : an urban sanctuary on Boston Harbor
This thesis proposes an urban sanctuary at Chapel Rocks, a peninsula extending into Boston Harbor. The sanctuary includes an ecumenical chapel. restaurant/meeting hall and designed features of the landscape. Several general ...
Epstein, Richard H. (Richard Hays)
The urbanization of insurgency : shifts in the geography of conflict
The 20th century witnessed the steady decline of the ability of states, particularly great powers, to defeat insurgencies. During the same period, the world has become both more populous and more urban. As people have taken ...
Calluzzo, Nicholas T
James R. Thompson College of Urban Planning and Public Affairs
James R. Thompson College of Urban Planning and Public Affairs University of Illinois - Chicago 412-262. 2008. Thompson, J. and S. Mastracci. "The Blended Workforce: Alternative Federal Models." Public
Fanonet: Ethnohistorical Notes on the Gurage Urban Migration in Ethiopia
Keith. 1992. The Economy of Ethiopia. New York: St. Mania'sAround Addis Ababa, Ethiopia." Annals of the Association of1973. "Urban Development in Ethiopia (1889- 1925)." Jollrnal
Nida, Worku
Tourism & Urban Development: Building Local Economies & Sense of Place
Tourism & Urban Development: Building Local Economies & Sense of Place - Greenwoods Corner - Simon, tourism must sustain and enhance local quality of life ┬Ł "Communities will work for tourism if tourism
Threat-aware Path Planning in Uncertain Urban Environments
This paper considers the path planning problem for an autonomous vehicle in an urban environment populated with static obstacles and moving vehicles with uncertain intents. We propose a novel threat assessment module, ...
Aoude, Georges
Bazaar [+] : addressing critical adjacencies in Mumbai's urban farm
This thesis focuses on the city of Mumbai, and evolves the notion of how "critical adjacency" has been instrumental in guiding the city's urban transformations into modernity. Presently, Mumbai experiences some of the ...
Bhat, Arjun (Arjun Devadas)
Political participation and transformation in urban China, 1993 and 2002
POLITICAL PARTICIPATION AND TRANSFORMATION IN URBAN CHINA, 1993 AND 2002 A Dissertation by DIQING LOU Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree... of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2008 Major Subject: Political Science POLITICAL PARTICIPATION AND TRANSFORMATION IN URBAN CHINA, 1993 AND 2002 A Dissertation by DIQING LOU Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A...
Lou, Diqing
Nesting ecology of mourning doves in changing urban landscapes
NESTING ECOLOGY OF MOURNING DOVES IN CHANGING URBAN LANDSCAPES A Thesis by ANNA MARIA MU?OZ Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER... OF SCIENCE December 2004 Major Subject: Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences NESTING ECOLOGY OF MOURNING DOVES IN CHANGING URBAN LANDSCAPES A Thesis by ANNA MARIA MU?OZ Submitted to Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment...
Munoz, Anna Maria
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