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Experts say safety begins with the interview process
Published: Sunday, December 14, 2003 at 6:01 a.m.
Last Modified: Saturday, December 13, 2003 at 8:19 p.m.
HOUMA -- In the Bayou Region's labor-intensive industries, workplace injuries can hurt business.
To reduce the number of injuries and the costly situations that can result, companies often shell out hundreds of dollars on medical tests during the hiring process.
"When you hire an employee, you make an investment in them," said Tony Boudreaux, human-resources manager for Quality Shipyards.
A roomful of local human-resources and safety personnel learned the details of how doctors use these tests to determine whether a potential worker can safely perform a job during a November seminar coordinated by the South Central Industrial Association.
"Safety starts at hiring," said Page Durocher of Cross Services in Houma. "Selecting the right people is a key to keeping a safe work environment."
Dr. Robert Davis, a family practitioner, and Dr. John Sweeney, an orthopedic surgeon, operate Occupational Medicine Services in Houma. They conducted the SCIA program, titled "The Process of Worker Selection and its Role in Reducing Injuries."
"We have focused our professional lives on discovering what causes these injuries and how to prevent them," Sweeney told audience members.
Sweeney and Davis opened the seminar by briefly addressing the quagmire of laws governing acceptable interview questions.
For example, the Americans with Disabilities Act does not allow interview questions about physical handicaps. It does allow questions concerning abilities, such as the amount of weight an applicant can lift.
Physical tests are legal as long as they are genuinely focused on necessary job skills. Medical exams also must be directly related to the tasks for which the applicant would be required to handle. But an employer cannot require a medical exam until after making a job offer.
"We are concerned about the health and safety of the employee. That is the umbrella we operate under, to see if employees can safely perform the job," Sweeney said.
Although federal law does not require an employer to provide specific job descriptions to applicants or workers, Davis and Sweeney say such descriptions are extremely valuable. "We like job descriptions. It helps us determine whether a person is able to perform safely," Sweeney said.
Tony Cheramie, human-resources director at L&M Botruc in southern Lafourche Parish, said the business has experienced some problems with certain hires and is looking to be more selective following struggles with lawsuits.
"It's hard to be more selective. We need workers," Cheramie said.
The area's aging work force adds another challenge to worker selection, he said.
"You take a risk on this guy or go without an employee that you need," he said. "It is an interesting dilemma everybody has."
Davis agreed a shortage of skilled workers makes selective hiring tough, especially with an aging population of experienced workers who increasingly develop heart-related ailments or diabetes.
John Fontenot, personnel manager for Seacor Marine Inc. of Morgan City, said many older applicants for jobs do not realize they have diabetes or high blood pressure.
Although the majority of injuries are orthopedic, most lawsuits originate from workers with minor injuries, not those with orthopedic injuries, Davis said.
"We have health and safety of the worker issues," Davis said. "This whole process is focused on safety and preventing workers from getting injured at the work site. It's not intended to minimize lawsuits."
With an array of tests available, Sweeney and Davis expounded on several types of exams and their importance. "We've learned a lot over the years as far as things that matter and things that don't," Sweeney said.
A patient's medical history is the most significant indicator in predicting future injury. "A prior history of back problems is the single greatest indicator of predicting future back problems," he said.
Although Sweeney said excluding all people who have had back surgery would eliminate too many potential workers, the timing of a condition or surgery can determine whether the doctors approve them for certain work.
The doctors try to uncover major problems before performing the entire battery of tests, screening patients for medications that could interfere with job performance and surgical scars unaccounted for in medical histories. The pair said doctors are adept at uncovering hidden medical conditions, and serious repercussions await those caught lying.
"Most of the time, they don't try to hide it," said Seacor's Fontenot.
Many companies rely on X-rays of a person's back, and the doctors recommend them. But Sweeney said X-rays are not very effective in predicting future injuries. X-rays for people 40 or older are never normal, he said.
But sometimes the doctors screen out a job candidate based on a back X-ray. For example, the pair routinely finds people with Spondylolisthesis, a condition involving slippage of the back bones.
And 80 percent of MRIs indicate some type of back abnormality, Sweeney said.
"We must decide what's best for the employer as far as an abnormal MRI. We need a scale of intensity of pathology," Sweeney said. "MRIs give a lot of information. You need to decide what to do with that information."
Although costly, the pair does recommend MRI testing. Tests may reveal herniated conditions not good for heavy work environments or a naturally small spinal column, which is more injury prone.
The medical team also must consider industry standards when determining whether to approve an applicant.
Industries mandate standards on health issues ranging from obesity and lung capacity to hearing and vision. Doctors may also check for thyroid problems, heart valve problems, blockages of the carotid artery, asthma and emphysema.
Finally, the doctors measure an applicant's strength to prevent patient-job mismatches. The battery of tests can gauge a worker's range of motion, grip strength and other abilities. The tests also provide a baseline measurement to test against in case of injury.
"Mismatched people often quit. People may not get injured if they're working almost at their capacity, but they will leave," Sweeney said.
Sweeney and Davis can clear workers for light, medium or heavy duty. A person may not be totally ill-suited for hire, but sometimes it is deemed that their physical abilities are limited.
"Obviously, we get a lot of people who are not too happy with that," Davis said. "We try to explain that it's for their good. We don't want them to screw up their back and ruin their career or become incapable of being a provider. It's a touchy situation."
Sweeney and Davis concluded their lecture with advice for handling injured workers. "Communication and documentation are critical," Davis said.
Employers should contact a medical provider early, even with minor injuries, because doctors can ask critical questions, he said. Davis advised having workers document their injuries, and involving family members.
Most vital is the employer's attitude toward the hurt worker. Davis said some employers become angry or tense, which only worsens the situation.
"We don't need that. We need to take care of these people. These are good people. If you show concern for even minor injuries, have a caring attitude, you will see costs go down tremendously," he said.
An unhappy worker who thinks the company doesn't care often falls into the wrong hands, receiving encouragement to file a lawsuit, he added.
"It makes a huge impact if you just show a little concern and compassion," Davis said. "If you show genuine compassion and are aggressive in treating them, you'll have a much better outcome."
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Britt Hayes
Britt Hayes is a writer, movie lover, and sensible sweater enthusiast living in Austin, Texas. She watches too much TV and never eats her vegetables. Her mom is worried about her.
The only official release plans for 'Star Wars' so far include 'The Force Awakens' on December 18, and the first spinoff/standalone film, which will hit theaters on December 16, 2016. As for the rest of the new 'Star Wars' films: it's been reported for a while that Disney plans on releasing a new film each year for the next several years, but the studio hasn't made anything publicly official…until now.
Let's be honest here: you probably spend more time browsing your options on Netflix Instant than you do actually watching anything. And now to add to your ongoing decision-making dilemma, Netflix's chief content officer Ted Sarandos has announced that the service plans to start launching 20 (twenty!) new original series a year. Now you'll never run out of options for weekend binge-watching.
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It's here. It's finally here. The first trailer for Marvel's 'Ant-Man' arrived during tonight's two-hour 'Agent Carter' premiere. If for some strange reason you didn't tune in to see Peggy Carter's television debut (what's your excuse?), the trailer has arrived online for your viewing pleasure. Following Marvel's clever tiny teaser marketing, you'll be pleased to watch Paul Rudd's heroics in this regular-sized trailer.
Your Christmas gift from 'Jurassic World' has arrived early. Previously, the first trailer for the upcoming sequel had teased a moment near the end in which Chris Pratt's character appeared to be teaming up with the super lethal velociraptors to take down the super-smart hybrid dinosaur wreaking havoc in the world's most ill-advised theme park. And now director Colin Trevorrow has revealed this pretty rad new photo of Pratt hanging tough with one of his raptor pals.
It's that time of the year, when pop culture websites and critics publish their annual Best Of lists and we heap praise on the best and most beloved movies and TV shows of the year. But what about the average moviegoer and TV-viewer? That's where Facebook comes in. The social media site has released their top 10 movies and top 10 TV shows of the year, based on the most discussed titled of 2014. While some are fairly obvious, the lists might surprise you and inspire you to contemplate the overlap between what's popular and what's actually good.
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There have been a lot of reports regarding the trailer for 'Star Wars: The Force Awakens.' Just last week, news surfaced that Disney planned to attach the first teaser trailer to screenings of 'The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies,' which seemed to confirm an earlier rumor, while Disney reps said they had "bigger plans" for their official debut. And now another report has surfaced, claiming that we'll see the first teaser in theaters as soon as this coming Thanksgiving week. Madness!
Hey, remember that Tinker Bell sketch from 'SNL' a while back, when Aidy Bryant played a bawdy version of the beloved Disney fairy? If only we could have a film version of that. Well, prepare for the next best thing. Melissa McCarthy is set to star in a live-action Tinker Bell film from 'Night at the Museum' director Shawn Levy and 'Neighbors' writer Nicholas Stoller. Magical!
So this is why we don't see Johnny Depp on stage very often (ever?) at awards shows. Last night at the Hollywood Film Awards, Depp introduced the documentary 'Supermensch,' about legendary talent manager Shep Gordon, and immediately made it pretty clear that he was not sober-minded. "That's the weirdest microphone I've ever seen in my life," he slurs—except, you know, it's just a regular microphone.
It was only a matter of time before Christoph Waltz, perpetual movie bad guy, was cast as a James Bond villain. Always the bridesmaid! Although we know the real villain in the next James Bond film, aka 'Bond 24,' is clearly the lack of an official title -- the film, which is scheduled to hit theaters in 2016 and has already begun casting (obviously) and we have no title. Is 'Bond 24' too unprofessional? Is 'The Force Awakens' already taken?
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Enjoy Lake Como Luxury at Grand Hotel Villa Serbelloni
June 26, 2015
By: Five Star Alliance
Grand Hotel Villa Serbelloni is one of the oldest and most elegant hotels in Italy. Set in the splendid surroundings of Lake Como, where the blue waters meet the green mountains which soar above the lake, the Grand Hotel Villa Serbelloni enjoys a breathtaking position on the promontory which juts halfway out into the lake, separating the two branches. Lake Como, part of the northern Italian Lakes District, is Italy's deepest and most popular lake. It is surrounded by mountains and is known for it's world renowned romantic atmosphere. It is conveniently located between Milan and the border of Switzerland.
For the past 100 years or more, the Grand Hotel Villa Serbelloni has been one of the most well-known and prestigious hotels in the world. The luxurious vegetation of its Italian-style gardens, abounding in Mediterranean and subtropical plants, flourishes in the pleasant microclimate around the lake: sunshine almost all year round, accompanied by mild temperatures in every season. Owing to its delightful setting, Bellagio, an oasis of peace on the shores of the lake, has been a holiday destination for centuries and it was here that, in around 1850, construction work started on a luxurious holiday villa on the banks of the lake for an aristocratic family from Milan.
The Grand Hotel Villa Serbelloni offers a plethora of amenities and activities designed to take full advantage of its spectacular location.
Activities include:
Take a boat ride from the hotel's private dock.
Stroll in the historic gardens.
Mountain bike on the Bellagio promontory
Enjoy a massage in the spa
Listen to live music in the lounge
Lounge on the beach
Sup on a meal prepared by a Michelin starred chef
Play a match on the tennis courts
Work up a sweat in the gym
Take a hike in the mountains
Mingle with the hotel's famous guests
Book a stay at Grand Hotel Villa Serbelloni >>
Spotlight on Grand Hotel Villa Serbelloni
June 7, 2014
By: K. Clare Johnson
For the past 100 years or more, Grand Hotel Villa Serbelloni has been one of the most well-known and prestigious hotels in the world. Right from the outset, the Grand Hotel became the chosen destination for illustrious guests in search of peace: royalty, aristocrats, figures from international politics, and movie stars. The Sovereigns of Spain, Romania, Albania, Egypt; above all the Russian and English aristocracy; Winston Churchill, Roosevelt, the Rothschilds, J.F. Kennedy; Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks, Maria Schell, Clark Gable, Robert Mitchum, Al Pacino.... these are just some of the famous guests who have strolled through the rooms and lakeside gardens of the Grand Hotel Villa Serbelloni, enjoying its beauty and outstanding hospitality.
Located on the gorgeous Lake Como, where the blue waters meet the green mountains which soar above the lake, the Grand Hotel Villa Serbelloni enjoys a breathtaking position on the promontory which juts halfway out into the lake, separating the two branches. The luxurious vegetation of its Italian-style gardens, abounding in Mediterranean and subtropical plants, flourishes in the pleasant microclimate around the lake. The locale enjoys sunshine almost all year round, accompanied by mild temperatures in every season. From April to November the salons and the large lakeside garden offer guests the chance to enjoy a holiday far from the madding crowd and close to nature immersed in one of the most beautiful panoramas in the world.
The hotel's interior reflects the good taste loved by the wealthy nobility of the time. Its walls and ceilings are adorned with frescoes and paintings of mythological scenes, gilded frames, festoons, temples, putti, flamingos, and Pompeian reds. The coffer ceilings are frescoed with floral patterns in grey and pink tones. Guests will enjoy period wall coverings in the French style, antique Persian carpets, crystal chandeliers from Murano, Imperial furniture, and the neo-classical and Art Nouveau style; not to mention the marble staircases, the stucco work columns, and the splendid trompe l'oeil.The "salle à manger" alone is a genuine monument to art, as is the Salone Reale, which in the evening is lit by bronze and crystal chandeliers, the splendor of whose lights are reflected by large mirrors.
Lovers of peace and quiet can alternate the pleasure of a poolside drink with beauty treatments and programmes at Villa Serbelloni SPA, the hotel's own beauty farm. Guests can set off from the private dock for a motorboat trip to the historic gardens along the lake which, in springtime, attract tourists from all over the world: especially for the wonderful flowering of the azaleas. Lovers of sport can take advantage of the hotel gym and tennis courts, enjoy delightful walks, take a mountain bike out on the Bellagio promontory, and cool off in the swimming pool overlooking the lake.
Nightly spring rates at Grand Hotel Villa Serbelloni start at EUR 418 >>
By: K. Clare Johnson
Did You Know? Villa d'Este
May 22, 2014
By: Five Star Alliance
Villa d'Este was where legendary director Alfred Hitchcock decided to do his first movie. That stay happened in 1925 and the movie was titled The Pleasure Garden. Hitchcock was a big fan of the waterfront hotel. He often spent his September vacations relaxing on Lake Como.
Learn more about Villa d'Este >>
Image of the Day: Grand Hotel Villa Serbelloni
August 11, 2013
By: Five Star Alliance
Grand Hotel Villa Serbelloni is located on the gorgeous shores of Lake Como.
Grand Hotel Villa Serbelloni has nightly rates starting at 370 Euros >>
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Grand Hotel Tremezzo Opens for the Season
March 8, 2013
By: Meagan Drillinger
Five Star Alliance's sister publication, Luxury Travel Advisor, recently wrote an article about Grand Hotel Tremezzo's season opening:
Debuting for the first time last year, the hotel unveiled a newly renovated Rooftop Floor, made up of eight suites. The fifth floor of the palace now includes three Rooftop Junior Suites, three Rooftop Corner Suites and two Rooftop Front Suites. Each has its own private terrace, outdoor heated Jacuzzi pool, butler services and views of the lake.
View rates, details and more photos for Grand Hotel Tremezzo and other Lake Como resorts >>
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The Top 30 Hotels of 2012: #3 Villa d'Este
December 29, 2012
By: K. Clare Johnson
In the last month of 2012, Five Star Alliance is counting down the Top 30 Luxury Hotels and Resorts worldwide, as decided by you, our luxury travelers! Be sure to check in with us daily to keep up with our countdown and explore a few of the absolute best and most luxurious hotels in the world for your future travels!
#3 on our list is Lake Como's legendary Villa d'Este. Here are a few fun facts about the hotel:
-Hailed as one of the best hotels in the world by Travel & Leisure, Conde Nast Traveler and Forbes Traveler, this famous resort destination has been widely praised for its beautiful gardens, exquisite cuisine, gala celebrations, impeccable décor and extraordinary hospitality.
-Set on the shores of Lake Como, the Hotel is located in one of the most important crossroads between Italy and Northern Europe and is only 60 minutes from Milan.
-Villa d'Este was built in 1568 as the summer residence of Cardinal Tolomeo Gallio. The property comprises 25 acres of gardens and was transformed into a luxury hotel in 1873.
-The design of the lower part of the gardens is from the Renaissance period. The two most outstanding landmarks are the 500 year old plane tree and the 16th century Mosaic with its Nympheum. Apart from the topiary hedges and the bushes of bamboo, azaleas, camellias, oleanders, rhododendrons, hydrangeas, there are roses and jasmine bushes. The trees range from chestnut, magnolia, oleafragrans, wisteria, palm, cypress, pine, ilex, privet, mediar and many others.
-Dining on the Veranda in the evening requires a jacket and tie. If the weather doesn't cooperate, automated windows can turn an al fresco feast in a glassed-in affair.
-The 152 rooms at Villa d'Este are all decorated with antique furnishings and art works, which gives them a unique look.
Explore photos, availability, and rates at the Villa d'Este>>
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By: K. Clare Johnson
Image of the Day: Villa D'Este
October 5, 2012
By: Five Star Alliance
Villa D'Este's pool surrounded by Lake Como is one of our all-time favorite watering holes.
The Villas of Villa d'Este in Lake Como: Villa Malakoff
Villa d'Este, the classic and opulent hotel overlooking Lake Como, is a former 16th century princely residence turned resort destination. In addition to the 152 guest rooms, the luxury hotel offers two magnificently renovated 19th Century villas within the 25-acre park. Villa Malakoff and Villa Cima are available for short term tenancies with amenities ranging from housekeeping to full hotel service. (Click the image at right to view a larger format.)
Guests are able to use all of the facilities and amenities of the hotel, while maintaining the privacy and exclusivity that their own private villa can offer.
Villa Malakoff
Built in 1860, the Villa takes its name from one of the fortresses around Sebastopol, conquered by the French General MacMahon. Standing on a small hill within the grounds of Villa d'Este, it offers splendid views of Lake Como and is where you will feel most at home. Its rooms are distributed over 3 floors and offer 300 square metres of living space (3200 sq. ft.).
The rooms are tastefully and luxuriously appointed, and the warm tones and informal ambience of this grand yet hospitable residence will immediately put you at ease.
A stay at the Villa Malakoff is truly the best of both worlds: a private home where you can enjoy discretion and privacy, yet one provided with all the amenities and creature comforts offered by the world class service of a Villa d'Este Group property. A stay at Villa Malakoff is truly a gift to yourself, a once in a lifetime experience.
More images of Villa Malakoff here>>
Read more about the second private villa at Villa d'Este - Villa Cima here >>
View availability, rates and make reservations at Villa d'Este here >>
The Villas of Villa d'Este in Lake Como: Villa Cima
Villa d'Este, the classic and opulent hotel overlooking Lake Como, is a former 16th century princely residence turned resort destination. In addition to the 152 guest rooms, the luxury hotel offers two magnificently renovated 19th Century villas within the 25-acre park. Villa Malakoff and Villa Cima are available for short term tenancies with amenities ranging from housekeeping to full hotel service. (Click the image at right to view a larger format.)
Guests are able to use all of the facilities and amenities of the hotel, while maintaining the privacy and exclusivity that their own private villa can offer.
Villa Cima
Standing on the banks of the Lake, this Villa was built on the grounds of Villa d'Este in 1814 by Caroline of Brunswick, Princess of Wales and future Queen of England, to house Count and Countess Pino, the Villa's former proprietors.
The accommodations in this stately 650-square-metre (7,000 sq. ft.) residence are distributed over three floors. Luxurious décor is the keynote in the living room, dining room, sleeping quarters, and in the spacious, luminous kitchen.
No two rooms are exactly alike and each is filled with antiques and art. The views from the Villa's spectacular windows are simply breathtaking and frame memories that will stay with you for a lifetime. Many subtle touches, the utmost discretion, and impeccable service are the hallmarks of the Villa d'Este Hotels.
More images of Villa Cima here>>
Read more about the second private villa at Villa d'Este - Villa Malakoff here >>
View availability, rates and make reservations at Villa d'Este here >>
The Top 20 Hotels in 2011: #1 Villa d'Este
December 31, 2011
By: Five Star Alliance
In the final days of 2011, Five Star Alliance is counting down the Top 20 Luxury Hotels & Resorts Worldwide, as decided by our guests.
Our countdown has come to an end, and it is time to announce the number one hotel as chosen by our discerning travelers and determined by sophisticated algorithms and more than a little bit of voodoo magic. Five Star Alliance's #1 hotel for 2011 is
Quick facts about Villa d'Este:
- On the shore of Lake Como, one of the most secluded and breathtaking lakes in Italy, the Villa d'Este was originally the summer residence of Cardinal Tolomeo Gallio and is just a short trip north of Milan, one of Italy's most romantic cities.
- Its 152 rooms, divided between two palatial residences, each offer a unique feel, a result of the meticulously maintained renaissance decor of the original residences built in 1568. Live in true luxury, in rooms once occupied by the royal guests of the Cardinal and preserved in their original glory.
- The Villa is perfectly self-sufficient: included in its amenities are eight tennis courts, several dining options, including sushi and classical Italian, a Turkish bath and sauna, winery tours by chaffeur, and one of the most challenging par 69s in Europe only seven miles away.
- If you want a change of scenery from your grand room, simply head outdoors to enjoy the 25-acre park, which is perfectly designed and continuously manicured in its original Renaissance style: the entire park molds nature into a work of art.
- Its hotel pool was featured in our Ten Best Hotel Pools in the World for its floating pool, literally on the lake, not to mention an additional kids pool to keep them away from your relaxation:
"The pool at Villa d'Este on Lake Como would make Archimedes blush. Floating above the very lake that the Villa rests against, the pool features a built-in Jacuzzi and fantastic view of the surrounding mountains. It's like swimming in the lake just inches below your feet, but it's always the perfect temperature."
- Four reception rooms hold up to 400 people alongside another 250 in nine different meeting rooms, all to the same standards of luxury as rest of the classical Renaissance hotel.
- As if that weren't enough, it's also a Conde Nast and Travel & Leisure Award Winner.
View photos, learn more about the hotel, and check availability at Villa d'Este > >
Be sure to keep up with our countdown! See below for the full list of Top Hotels for 2011!
#20 – The St. Regis Resort Aspen
#19 – The Fullerton Hotel, Singapore
#18 – The Peninsula Chicago
#17 - The Tower Club at Lebua
#16 - Auberge du Soleil
#15 - The Mount Nelson Hotel
#14 - The One and Only Maldives at Reethi Rah
#13 - The Hotel de Crillon
#12 - Peninsula Hong Kong
#11 - Rosewood Inn of the Anasazi
#10 - Majestic Hotel and Spa Barcelona
#9 - Jumeirah Essex House
#8 - Atlantis the Palm Dubai
#7 - Hotel Le St. James
#6 - Half Moon, a Rock Resort
#5 - Charleston Place
#4 - King George Palace
#3 - La Tremoille
#2 - Don Cesar Beach Hotel
#1 - Villa d'Este


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Tuesday, November 8, 2011
Fire In Front
In a fire scenario, aircraft control can be lost at any moment
The NTSB recently finished its investigation of an in-flight fire that occurred on September 20, 2009. At about 5:50 p.m., a Piper PA-32R-301T crashed in the Everglades, 22 miles west of the Fort Lauderdale Executive Airport (FXE), Fort Lauderdale, Fla. The Part 91 personal flight was on an IFR flight plan in visual conditions. The private pilot and three passengers were killed, and the airplane was destroyed. The flight originated at Gainesville Regional Airport, Gainesville, Fla.
The flight was being handled by Miami Approach Control at 5:45:47, when the pilot issued a "Mayday" call and reported a "fire in the engine." The controller radioed, "Are you going to try and make it to Executive Airport—that's the closest to you, sir." The pilot replied that he had "smoke in the cockpit and we're trying to get to the nearest airport." Radar data revealed that the airplane was on an assigned heading of 110 degrees, at an altitude of 3,800 feet MSL. The airplane subsequently continued on its assigned heading, but a 300-foot descent was noted.
The controller told the pilot that "Pahokee Airport" [Palm Beach County Glades Airport, Pahokee, Fla.] was the closest airport, 24 miles from his location. The controller then asked the pilot if he wanted to go to Pahokee or "get to Exec?" The pilot responded, "We'd like to get to Exec," and added that he thought he still had power, that "we've lost one cylinder..." and "...that we can see some fire coming off the nose," and that the smoke had dissipated in the cockpit. The airplane maintained an altitude of 3,500 feet for a short period of time before descending to 3,400 feet.
Page 2 of 4
Labels: Accident Statistics, Columns, FAA Regulations, Features, NTSB Reports, People and Places, Pilot Skills, Safety, Pilot Talk, Proficiency, Pilot Safety


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UFC women's bantamweight Miesha "Cupcake" Tate may have opened up the pipeline to the Octagon for Cris "Cyborg" Justino. Speaking at a recent fan Q&A session in Manila ahead of UFC Fight Night: Edgar read news >>
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Invicta FC featherweight champion Cris 'Cyborg' Justino once again asked to face women's bantamweight champ Ronday Rousey in a catchweight fight at 140-pounds. While Rona Rousey continues to steamrol read news >>
Check out the video highlights from the UFC 186 catchweight fight between John Makdessi and UFC newcomer Shane Campbell. read news >>
Read up on who won the UFC 186 catchweight (215 lbs) co-main event between Quinton Jackson and Fabio Maldonado in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Quinton Jackson's UFC return was on, then off, then on agai read news >>
This is the UFC 186 live blog for Rampage Jackson vs. Fabio Maldonado, a catchweight bout at Saturday night's UFC event at the Bell Centre in Montreal.Jackson, who has won two of his past five fights read news >>
This is the UFC 186 live blog for John Makdessi vs. Shane Campbell, a catchweight bout at Saturday night's UFC event at the Bell Centre in Montreal.Makdessi, who has won three of his past five fights read news >>
Rampage Jackson on Friday was granted a catchweight limit for his UFC 186 bout with Fabio Maldonado. read news >>
Rousey's mother, AnnMaria De Mars, weighed in on the possibility of her daughter fighting Cric Cyborg at a catchweight instead of at bantamweight. UFC women's bantamweight champion Ronda Rousey 14-se read news >>
This is the UFC 183 live blog for Tyron Woodley vs. Kelvin Gastelum, a catchweight bout at Saturday night's UFC event at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Las Vegas.Woodley, who has won three of his past read news >>
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With a 6-8 record in the UFC, Mauricio "Shogun" Rua might change a few things for his next fight. Finished for the third time in the past four bouts after his last appearance against Ovince Saint Pre read news >>
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This is the UFC on FOX 13 live blog for Rafael dos Anjos vs. Nate Diaz, a catchweight bout at Saturday night's UFC event at the U.S. Airways Center in Phoenix on Saturday nightdos Anjos, who has won read news >>


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Brazil's Rousseff moves to limit damage from Petrobras scandal
BRASILIA, Sept 8 (Reuters) – President Dilma Rousseff sought
to shield her re-election bid from a new scandal at state-run
oil company Petroleo Brasileiro SA by asking
prosecutors on Monday for any details involving officials in her
Brazilian magazine Veja reported on Saturday that a jailed
former executive at Petrobras named Energy Minister Edison Lobao
and two dozen other politicians as people who received kickbacks
from the company's contracts.
Rousseff goes negative as Silva leads Brazil presidential race
BRASILIA (Reuters) – With polls showing Marina Silva well-positioned to win Brazil's election next month, President Dilma Rousseff's campaign team has taken off the gloves and is painting her rival as a dangerous wild card backed by an out-of-touch financial elite.
Rousseff's campaign managers hope to reverse Silva's dramatic rise in polls by portraying the environmentalist as an obstacle to Brazil's development and a threat to the social gains made under 12 years of leftist Workers' Party rule.
Brazil polls show Silva surge halted ahead of October election
BRASILIA (Reuters) – Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff has gained some ground against opposition candidate Marina Silva whose surge in voter support for the October elections has ended, two new polls showed on Wednesday.
Both polls still project the popular environmentalist as the favorite to beat Rousseff in a second-round runoff, though by a narrower margin than surveys done last week.
Silva widens lead ahead of Brazil presidential election
BRASILIA, Aug 29 (Reuters) – Environmentalist Marina Silva
has widened her lead over President Dilma Rousseff to 10
percentage points in what could be a likely runoff in Brazil's
October election, a survey by polling firm Datafolha showed on
It was the third poll in less than a week that projected the
Oct. 5 election would go to a second-round vote in which
Rousseff would be unseated by Silva, who entered the race just
10 days ago following the death of her party's candidate.
New Brazil poll shows Silva beating Rousseff in runoff
BRASILIA (Reuters) – Environmentalist Marina Silva would handily beat President Dilma Rousseff if Brazil's October election goes to a runoff, a poll showed on Wednesday, an outcome that seemed unimaginable just a few weeks ago and one that would put an end to 12 years of Workers' Party rule.
Silva would win 43.7 percent of the votes to 37.8 percent for Rousseff in a likely second round of voting, said the survey by polling firm MDA. It was the second poll in less than 24 hours to show Silva ahead in such a scenario.
Silva surges in Brazil election race, threatens Rousseff
BRASILIA (Reuters) – A surging Marina Silva has narrowed President Dilma Rousseff's lead in Brazil's presidential race, a new opinion poll showed on Tuesday, paving the way for a likely second-round runoff in which the popular environmentalist looks well-positioned to win.
Silva, who was thrust into the presidential race last week following the death of her party's candidate, has 29 percent of voter support heading into the Oct. 5 vote, according to the survey by polling institute Ibope.
Silva surges in Brazil election race, threatens Rousseff -poll
BRASILIA, Aug 26 (Reuters) – A surging Marina Silva has
narrowed President Dilma Rousseff's lead in Brazil's
presidential race, a new opinion poll showed on Tuesday, paving
the way for a likely second-round runoff in which the popular
environmentalist looks well-positioned to win.
Silva, who was thrust into the presidential race last week
following the death of her party's candidate, has 29 percent of
voter support heading into the Oct. 5 vote, according to the
survey by polling institute Ibope.
Rousseff, rivals change tack in Brazil's reshaped election
SAO PAULO/BRASILIA, Aug 21 (Reuters) – When Brazil's
notoriously private President Dilma Rousseff showed up in her
kitchen cooking pasta in a campaign TV ad this week, it was one
of the clearest signs yet that the country's October election is
up for grabs.
Rousseff and other candidates are shifting strategies and
showing rarely seen sides of their personalities in what
suddenly looks like a tight three-way race following this week's
late entry of popular environmentalist Marina Silva.
Brazil's Silva launches bid, threatens Rousseff re-election
BRASILIA, Aug 20 (Reuters) – Environmentalist Marina Silva
officially launched a bid for president on Wednesday, upending
Brazil's October elections and threatening the ruling Workers'
Party's 12-year hold on power.
Silva, until now a vice-presidential candidate for the
Brazilian Socialist Party, accepted its nomination to top the
ticket after candidate Eduardo Campos, a former governor and
rising political star, was killed in a plane crash last week.
Silva surges in Brazil election poll, runoff looks certain
BRASILIA (Reuters) – Marina Silva's entry into Brazil's presidential race will almost certainly force the October election into a second-round runoff and the environmentalist could even unseat President Dilma Rousseff, according to a poll released on Monday.
It showed Silva with the support of 21 percent of voters, almost three times more than center-left candidate Eduardo Campos, who she is poised to replace on the Brazilian Socialist Party's ticket after his death last week in a plane crash.


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Rock Exotica - Mini Machined Pulley
Quick OverviewLightweight and efficient
- Description
Rock Exotica's Mini Machined Pulley is a great choice for anyone looking for a lightweight and efficient pulley. The side and center plates are machined out of solid 7075 aluminum, giving it superior strength and a compact size. Made in USA.
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Works with Ropes Max Rope Diameter: 11 mm Material Alloy 7075, CNC machined from solid block Other Features Fasteners are flush with the side plates.
- Product Reviews
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Arrow 5'X4' & 6'X5' Shed Floor Frame Kit FB5465$88.97
To protect your stored items, you should consider having a floor above the base in your shed. If you are creating your own base, we recommend that you install a floor using an Arrow floor frame kit. If you are using our base kit, your floor is installed directly on the base kit and you do not need a separate floor kit (although you could consider it). An Arrow floor frame kit offers an easy way to construct a raised floor. This is especially useful if your base is dirt, gravel or grass. The Arrow floor frame kit is installed after your shed is completely assembled. The floor beams slot easily into the frame of your shed, providing an ideal framework for finishing with 5/8" exterior-grade plywood.
The Arrow floor frame kit:
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Welcome, skip to the content.
Official site for Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Address: 570-582 Olive Street, Albury, New South Wales 2640
Phone: 02 6041 2222 | Fax: 02 6041 2015
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com: ssaclub.com.au/
Albury's SS&A Club offers patrons a relaxed setting for a morning catch-up with friends, a casual working lunch, an evening meal with friends and family or just a night out with the guys. The recent refurbishments has seen major changes to the layout and offering including 'The Locker Room', a dedicated sports bar and 'The Studio', an intimate area to enjoy the company or live music.The SS&A Club has a number of dining options including the Bistro which serves delicious meals using seasonal produce, Ahuzi Asian Restaurant serves authentic Asian inspired flavours and the Cafe is great for a quick bite. Children are catered for with kids' menus and extensive, enclosed play area.Live entertainment every Friday and Saturday night makes it an ideal venue for end of week celebrations.
Content: SS&A Albury
This is a free attraction.
Open till late
Contact operator for further details.
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Worship Services
New Summer Worship Hours begin June 7th as follows:
9am-10am Worship
10:15am-11am Sunday School
(A nursery is available during both services for infants to kindergartners.)
Sunday School
Pre-K through Adult Classes available.
Today's Events
Jul 1
ONE WAY Jr. High
7:00 pm – 8:30 pm
Experiencing God course
7:00 pm – 7:00 pm
Contact Information
Hickory United Presbyterian Church
210 Main St.
P.O. Box 97
Hickory, PA 15340
t. 724-356-4424
f. 724-356-2300
2015 Women in the Woods Retreat
Coming soon ...
Vacation Bible School sign up!
Register now! https://www.groupvbspro.com/vbs/ez/hickoryuepchurch
Ministry Opportunities
Vacation Bible School Co-Director/Director Needed
Heart for God? Heart for children? Organized, energetic and enthusiastic? Is …Read More
Musicians Wanted
Gifted people with hearts for music and ministry are needed to serve with our …Read More
Outreach Team Member
Do you have a heart for reaching out and helping people? Do you enjoy …Read More
Newsletter Reporter
Do you like to write? We are looking for a volunteer who will help write for …Read More
Wedding & Funeral Coordinator
This volunteer will work with people desiring to use the church for weddings …Read More
Sound/Video Ministry
We are in need of additional volunteers to be training in our Sound & …Read More
Nursery Help
We need two volunteers to help with the Nursery during the service. For more …Read More
Transportation Ministry
This volunteer ministry will help make rides available to those in need of …Read More


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LAUREL, MD. 01-18-13---Holiday race fans will be treated to two competitive stakes on Monday afternoon, the $125,000 Fire Plug and the $125,000 Native Dancer, scheduled to go as the sixth and eighth races on the nine race program.
LAUREL, MD. 01-17-12---Hope spring eternal for 10 budding three-year olds in Saturday's seven furlong, $125,000 Frank Whiteley, Jr. Stakes at Laurel Park.
Laurel Park honors Sagamore Racing Hall of Fame Thoroughbred January 21
LAUREL, MD. 01-16-13---Sagamore Racing, the horse racing team based at historic Sagamore Farm in Maryland, in partnership with the Maryland Jockey Club, announced today it will sponsor the $125,000 Native Dancer Stakes on Monday, January 21, 2013 at Laurel Park. Entries for the 1-1/16 mile test for older horses will be taken Thursday afternoon, January 17.
LAUREL, MD. 01-12-13---Charles Reed & Mike Zanella's Bold Affair made short work of her seven filly and mare rivals when she galloped to victory in today's feature at Laurel Park, the $105,000 What A Summer Stakes.
LAUREL, MD. 01-11-13---Around 9 o'clock Friday morning, commuters traveling on U.S. Route 1 in North Laurel saw something they will never forget, a loose horse heading south without its rider.
LAUREL, MD. 01-10-13--- Despite the irony that the What A Summer Stakes is presented in the dead of winter, eight fillies and mares will meet the starter in Saturday's $125,000 feature at Laurel Park.
LAUREL, MD. 01-05-13---The Maryland Jockey Club concluded its 2012 racing season earlier this week, posting average wagering figures which were 7.5% higher than 2011. The average daily handle went from $2.27 million to $2.44 million. The year featured 145 live racing dates and 206 simulcast days.
LAUREL, MD. 01-01-13---Mike McCarthy won 2,907 races as a jockey before retiring in 2002. His 18-year-old son Trevor is now 2,891 victories behind after a four-win afternoon at Laurel Park to ring in the new year.
McCarthy visited the winners' circle aboard Kincaid ($3.20-second for trainer Dale Capuano), Merryland Moon ($5.60-fourth for trainer Mike Trombetta), Bluegrass Kopp ($24.80-fifth for trainer Ferris Allen) and Proud Daddy ($18.20-seventh for trainer Linda Albert).
LAUREL, MD. 12-31-12---Abel Castellano and Jamie Ness wrapped up year-end titles for the calendar year in the jockey and trainer divisions respectively at the major Maryland tracks after today's final card of the season at Laurel Park.
The duo ranked atop the standings during the Pimlico Race Course spring and Laurel Park fall meetings.
LAUREL, MD. 12-31-12---Under confident handling, Marc Ferrell's Called to Serve waited behind the leaders, tipped to the outside and pounced, winning as his rider pleased in the $125,000 Broad Brush Stakes, the co-feature on New Year's Eve at Laurel Park.
Come visit Laurel Park, Maryland's premier destination for horse racing and horse racing results. Located between Washington D.C. and Baltimore fans are treated to some of the best sights and sounds in the world. With an elegant Terrace Dining, comfortable Bars, simulcast rooms, and plenty of seating in the general admission area, Laurel Park has been offering exciting thoroughbred horse racing since 1911. Read More
Reserve a day at the races for an unforgettable birthday, office party, family reunion, fundraiser or association gathering. With a variety of all-inclusive packages that include value added extras, like a trip to the Winner's Circle and a picture with the winning jockey, your next gathering at Laurel Park is sure to be a memorable one. For exciting horse racing and horse racing results, Laurel Park is your best bet in Maryland. Read More
Stars of Tomorrow: Trevor McCarthy (...
Miss Temple City, who broke her maiden at Laurel Park, is running at Royal...
Horse racing offers a unique, interactive experience like no other sport. Learn the terms and techniques to place your first bet. Be sure to check out our Beginner's Guide to horse racing, which explains betting procedure, horse racing results, and horse racing terminology. Our friendly and accommodating staff is always available to help you with any questions you may have about horse racing and horse racing results. Learn To Bet


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Police fraud probe over Cockermouth store money
Last updated at 19:43, Thursday, 31 May 2012
A senior member of staff has been sacked from Cockermouth's Lakes Home Centre and police are investigating after allegations that money was taken from the company.
Police have confirmed that a 42-year-old woman has been arrested on suspicion of fraud and bailed while inquiries continue.
It is understood she lives in the town.
Lakes Home Centre managing director Patrick Lister said that a woman had been dismissed from the store's accounts department but would not confirm how much money was involved.
The arrest came after another employee found a discrepancy in the end-of-year accounts for the Low Road store.
The woman arrested had worked at the store since before Mr Lister took over in 2004.
He declined to comment further.
A spokeswoman for Cumbria police confirmed that the force had been contacted by a Cockermouth business regarding allegations of theft of money by an employee.
She said: "As a result, a woman aged 42 was arrested on suspicion of fraud and has been bailed until July 9, while police continue with their inquiries."
First published at 19:23, Thursday, 31 May 2012
Published by http://www.timesandstar.co.uk
More news
- Maryport woman in court on Workington care home neglect charges
- Local sailors prepare to feature in Lake District film
- Dearham children help hospice with colourful fun run
- Bidders needed to help serve up cafe on Maryport estate
- Call for vandals to help repaint Workington mural
- PHOTOS: Swansong prom
- PHOTOS: Sixth formers say goodbye
- Tribute to the British Schindler from man he saved
- Get your Glassonbury tickets or miss out!
- Workington school out of special measures (1 comment)


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Alexandria Annandale Balmain Baulkham Hills Bondi Bondi Junction Castle Hill Chatswood Coffs Harbour Coogee Cronulla Darlinghurst Dee Why Epping Glebe Harbord Hornsby Lane Cove Manly Mosman Neutral Bay Newcastle Newtown North Sydney Paddington Parramatta Pyrmont Randwick Surry Hills Sydney
Below is a selection of search results matching: Pilates New South Wales
|Results 91 - 100 of 133
AOK Exercise Physiology
Maroubra, New South Wales
If you're looking to lose weight and improve your fitness in a supportive and friendly environment, then look no further than AOK...
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Gosford East, New South Wales
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Positive Energy Pilates
Newcastle, New South Wales
"Pilates is a system of mind-body exercise created with the intention that it should positively affect every aspect of a person's life....
Andrea Sara
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0408 603 188
Perfect Core Pilates
Avoca Beach, New South Wales
Perfect Core Pilates provides fun and friendly, energising pilates classes on the Central Coast!
Hannah Chandler
0410 518 975
Pilates for Life
The Junction, New South Wales
Studio & Mat Pilates, Fit-4-2 PREGNANCY & Mums n Bubs Pilates, Physiotherapy, Pregnancy Physiotherapy & Massage, Physiolates/ clinical...
Kirsten Joyner-Barberini BSc P
02 49 622 177
0415 871 043
Port Stephens Chiropractic & Yoga
Nelsons Bay, New South Wales
Lokoing for a professional Yoga or Pilates Class to join in the greater Nelsons Bay area? Then look no further than Maree here at Port...
02 4981 1664
Milperra, New South Wales
CHALLENGE YOURSELF and see how easy it is to get fit and healthy! Beginners, Intermediate and Advanced classes available!
Nancy Aliferis
0433 785 709
Wellness Centre Wollongong
Wollongong, New South Wales
Wollongong's Comprehensive Integral Wellness Centre (HICAPS) - Pilates Yoga Barre & Meditation Studio including Remedial Massage, ...
Wellness Centre Wollongong
02 4226 3777
The Body Project
Paddington, New South Wales
GET THE RESULTS... Lose Weight - Tone up - Increase strength - Get fitter Have fun working out
Gina Basger
0413 090 827
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Viola Davis (born August 11, 1965) is an American actress. Beginning her career on the stage, Davis won a Tony and a Drama Desk Award for her role in August Wilson's King Hedley II (2001). She won a second Drama Desk Award for Intimate Apparel (2004), followed by a second Tony and a third Drama Desk Award for her role in Fences (2010).
List of links to Viola Davis fansites:
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There is so much buzz surrond the upcoming movie adaptation of the iconic novel Anna Karenina staring Keira Knightley and Jude Law. The film takes place in the opulent setting of 19th century Russia in an aristocratic society. One of the most talked about components of this movie is the costumes, which will feature lots of fur, lace and tulle gowns, hats and luxe jewelry.
What would a woman belonging to the upper class wear to a ball? Ornate jewelry of course. For the movie, Chanel Joaillerie was the jewelry of choice to adorn the neck and wrist of the main character Anna. Though the average person will most likely not be able to afford any of the designs – especially love the camelia necklace and layered pearls – we're certain there will be knock-offs as soon as the movie hits theaters. Banana Republic is also coming out with a collection of clothing and accessories inspired by the movie. Here's to hoping we see some opulent pearl and floral necklaces.
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Port Morien
Port Morien is a small fishing community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the north eastern tip of Cape Breton Island near the rural community Donkin, and the larger center of Glace Bay.
As with much of Cape Breton, Port Morien has a long history. It was first shown on a map dated 1580, where it was called "Baie de Mordienne". The presence of coal in Cape Breton was first noted by Intendant Jean Talon in 1671. It was the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713, and the subsequent founding of Louisbourg, which really focused French attention on Cape Breton coal as a valuable and necessary resource. The Fortress of Louisbourg and its inhabitants were in need of a local coal supply, and the closest source was the outcrop at the Baie de Mordienne.
The first commercial coal mine in North America began production at Port Morien (Baie de Mordienne) in 1720. By at least 1724, coal from Port Morien was being traded to Boston in the first officially recorded export of minerals in Canada. In 1725, a blockhouse was built by the French to protect the valuable coal reserves.
The Marconi Wireless Station National Historic Site of Canada is located near Port Morien.[1]
- ^ Marconi Wireless Station. Canadian Register of Historic Places. Retrieved 24 March 2013.
External links[edit]
Coordinates: 46°7′55.73″N 59°52′30.21″W / 46.1321472°N 59.8750583°W
|This Cape Breton County, Nova Scotia location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.


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Apple-Jack Chicken Pizza with Caramelized Onions
Canadian Bacon and Pineapple Pizza
Orange Marmalade-Chorizo Pizza
4-Square Family Pizza
Canadian bacon teams with spicy mustard, apples and cheese to top this appetizer pizza.
Tip if using classic crust: For a crispier crust, prebake crust 11 to 16 minutes or until lightly browned, then add toppings; bake pizza 4 to 7 minutes.
© 2015 ®/TM General Mills All Rights Reserved


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Asthma Health Center
Can Kids Outgrow Asthma?
The wheezing, the shortness of breath. Will it ever end?
Sometimes young children have asthma-like symptoms that disappear. What they have isn't asthma. It's a temporary condition that doesn't turn into the lung disease, says Joyce C. Rabbat, MD. She's an assistant professor at Loyola University Medical Center's Division of Allergy and Immunology. The wheezing is treated just like asthma, but it goes away by itself, usually by age 5 or 6.
Recommended Related to Asthma
Asthma is a chronic disease of the airways that makes breathing difficult. With asthma, there is inflammation of the air passages that results in a temporary narrowing of the airways that carry oxygen to the lungs. This results in asthma symptoms, including coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. If it is severe, asthma can result in decreased activity and inability to talk. Some people refer to asthma as "bronchial asthma." Even though there are seemingly miraculous treatments...
Read the What Is Asthma? article > >
Most kids who have symptoms like wheezing and shortness of breath beyond that age are considered to have asthma, and they may always have it. But for about half of them, symptoms go away around adolescence.
It isn't clear why this happens, says Chitra Dinakar, MD, a pediatric allergist at Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City, MO. The triggers that once caused flares don't, she says, but the kid still has asthma.
The break in symptoms is more common among boys, children without sensitivity to furry animals, and kids with less severe asthma.
When Symptoms Fade
If a child is symptom-free for an extended period, it's called remission.
Your child may be nearing remission if she:
- Goes a longer time without symptoms like wheezing, chest tightness, cough, and shortness of breath
- Is physically active without having flares or needing medicine
- Is exposed to common cold viruses and allergic triggers without having a flare or needing medication
- Needs less and less rescue medication to treat symptoms
There's always a chance of the symptoms coming back. Sometimes they reappear in adulthood, and they can be brought on by triggers different from before. In about half the kids whose symptoms decline during adolescence, they'll reappear when they hit their 30s or 40s, studies say.
If your child has the following, she's more likely to have persistent, lifelong asthma.
- A parent with asthma
- Eczema
- Sensitivity to airborne allergens (like pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds, or molds or dust mites)
- Food allergies (milk, eggs, or peanuts)
- Wheezing when she doesn't have a cold
- A high count of a certain type of white blood cells
Smoking, weight gain, and other factors can also increase the chances of symptoms coming back.
Take Control
"Unfortunately we cannot alter the natural course of asthma, but we can get it under excellent control," Rabbat says. Help your child avoid or control the triggers that set off her asthma to help prevent flares.
Common triggers include:
- Pollen
- Pets
- Dust mites
- Pollution
- Tobacco smoke
- Temperature changes
- Allergies
Your child can lead a normal life with the help of an asthma plan created with your doctor and the right medication.
Today on WebMD
Pollen counts, treatment tips, and more.
It's nothing to sneeze at.
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VIEWS: 13 PAGES: 26 POSTED ON: 11/9/2009 Public Domain
HOW TO ATTRACT BUTTERFLIES TO YOUR GARDEN Find More Great eBooks at http://WeHaveInfoToGo.com TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Chapter 1 - WHY SHOULD YOU ATTRACT BUTTERFLIES? Chapter 2 - A BUTTERFLY'S LIFE Chapter 3 - PLANNING YOUR BUTTERFLY GARDEN Chapter 4 - PLANTS TO ATTRACT BUTTERFLIES INTRODUCTION "Beautiful and graceful, varied and enchanting, small but approachable, butterflies lead you to the sunny side of life. And everyone deserves a little sunshine." ~Jeffrey Glassberg There are many, many people who love to watch butterflies as they flit through the air slowly and gracefully. If you never have, you certainly should! Butterflies provide beauty in an often ugly world. They give us insight into the world of nature and how wonderful and complex it is. But the butterfly is much more than that. Humans need butterflies. Often unnoticed, they play an important role in maintaining the balance of nature and health of the living world. Butterflies pollinate wild plants and our crops, ensuring the production of seeds and fruits required for the continued survival of plants and animals, including humans. Due to their fragility to ecological change, butterflies are elegant indicators of ecosystem health. Plus, Butterflies are a valuable source of food for songbirds. There are over 17,000 species of butterflies worldwide – 7,000 of which are in North America alone. Butterflies weigh as little as 2 rose petals, but they can fly worldwide. But their habitats are being threatened by deforestation and urban development. Because of this, there are many species that are beginning to become endangered and die away completely. Legend and mythology also attribute certain mystical attributes to the common butterfly. An Irish blessing goes: "May the wings of the butterfly kiss the sun, and find your shoulder to light on to bring you luck, happiness and riches today, tomorrow and beyond." Poets also have embraced the butterfly as an inspiration to write. A Butterfly Hovers Closely A butterfly hovers closely And then quickly moves away, Swiftly going where so ever Her heart may freely say. A butterfly lowers and rises With the wind's gusty breath, As if coupled within a dance Of a loving tenderness. The butterfly only knows How it feels to have wings, To kiss the petals of flowers In such elegant flitterings. To have but one moment Of such an exquisite flight, Would be like a dream Where all seems so right. ~Author Unknown Brightly colored butterflies can be a welcome addition to your Backyard Wildlife Habitat landscape. Butterfly gardening has become one of the most popular hobbies today. What could bring more joy than a beautiful butterfly fluttering around your garden?! You don't really need a special garden to attract butterflies. If there are plants in your garden that appeal to them, butterflies will find them. A true butterfly garden should not just be designed to attract adult butterflies, but also to afford a place for them to hibernate and lay eggs and for the larva, or caterpillars, to feed. Different species of butterflies have different preferences in plants. The flittering of the butterfly through your garden is no accident if you plan your garden carefully. The adult butterfly flitters from flower to flower - sipping nectar from many flowers in your gardens, while other adult butterflies search for areas to lay their larvae. By creating the atmosphere in the garden that offers the shelter, food, water and the fragrance the butterfly is searching for you will have butterfly garden success. But how do you do that? Creating a garden environment that will attract butterflies is actually quite easy. It just involves knowing a little bit about what types of plants butterflies like, how to maintain those plants, and that's about it! Inside the pages of this book, you'll learn about those plants, how to cultivate them for maximum attractiveness, and make your garden a place where butterflies can fly free. We'll also give you a guide to the various common types of butterflies including pictures and specifics so you can decide which type of butterfly you want to see when you are in your garden. The symbolism and mythology of butterflies is also deep in heritages, so we'll look a little bit at that as well. It's not as complicated as you think it might be. Let's get started learning "How to Attract Butterflies to Your Garden". WHY SHOULD YOU ATTRACT BUTTERFLIES? Besides the obvious reason that they are simply beautiful, there are a myriad of other reasons why you may want these flittering creatures to come to your garden. These reasons are both practical as well as mystical when you consider the role of the butterfly in the ecosystem as well as the symbolic representation of butterflies throughout different cultures. We think that's the most interesting part about attracting butterflies – what they mean and symbolize in history. We'll look at that part first. You may be quite surprised and learn a bit in the process! Butterflies have inspired humankind since antiquity, not just for their decorative value but also as spiritual beings, symbolic of metamorphosis, rebirth, love, hope, and freedom. This is the only book that explores the butterfly's role in myth, religion, literature, art, and the decorative arts, and includes magnificent pictures ranging from ancient stone carvings to modern furniture, Pompeian mosaics to Sevres porcelain. Butterflies apparently have a great deal to do with luck, both good and bad. "In Louisiana it is thought that good luck will follow shortly after a white butterfly flies into your house and flies around you." However, the same action is an omen of death in Maryland The life cycle of butterflies and moths has been used in many cultures to represent many things. The hatching from the egg is the equivalent of human birth. The caterpillar represents the stage of life; the lowly "worm" waiting for a transformation, just as we await our reward in an afterlife Another metamorphosal symbol is inherent to the chrysalis (pupa) or cocoon. This is the "magical closet" where the amazing transformation will take place. It is the protective covering which will provide refuge for the changeling. The pupa or cocoon is a natural symbol for protection Metamorphosis of butterflies and moths is one of the mysteries of Nature. The ability of these insects to change from the crawling caterpillar to the flying adult is almost magical. Many people are so awe inspired by the metamorphosis that they believe that butterflies and moths could never have evolved over millions of years without a God behind it. The butterfly exists in four distinct forms. Some consider that so do we: The fertilized egg is planted in our mother's womb. From our day of birth we are like the caterpillar which can only eat and creep along. At death we are like the dormant pupa in its chrysalis. After that, our consciousness emerges from the cast off body, and some see in this the emergence of the butterfly. Therefore, the butterfly is symbolic of rebirth after death. For Christians, the butterfly's three steps of metamorphosis -- as caterpillar, pupa and then winged insect -- are reminiscent of spiritual transformation. The caterpillar's incessant crawling and chewing reminds us of normal earthly life where people are often wholly preoccupied with physical needs. The chrysalis (cocoon) resembles a tomb and empty, can suggest the empty shroud left behind by Jesus. Therefore, a butterfly represents the resurrection into a new condition of life that is free of any material concerns. In images of the Garden of Eden, Adam's soul is symbolized by a butterfly, or drawn with butterfly wings. In paintings of Mary and her Child, the presence of butterflies stands for their care for human souls. The Gnostics depicted the Angel of Death by showing a winged foot stepping on a butterfly. Since the insect is so fragile it can be torn apart by a hard rain, the butterfly stands for human frailty, both moral and physical. Also, as its life is not a long one, it is also a symbol of the ephemeral nature of physical existence. A butterfly with a torn wing is the icon for a North American charity that benefits disabled children. The butterfly is also a symbol of woman's delicacy. It can serve as a reminder to treat her with gentleness. In Japan, a beautiful woman wearing a kimono is often compared to a butterfly. In Pre-Hispanic, Mexican Indian culture, the butterfly is one of the symbolic representatives of Tlaloc, god of rain. The fantastic stone heads that jut out from the bas-relief background of the pyramid of Quetzacoatl are carved in the same spirit (human form to geometric forms) although on a smaller scale. They represent symbolic combinations, alternately of jaguars and snakes, and of the stylized features of the rain god and the butterfly, which was considered one of his symbolic representatives. Butterflies symbolize witches and fairies, but they also symbolize the soul of witches. Both butterflies and witches have the ability to change their form; butterflies change in the course of their development, witches allegedly can change at will. The Serbians look on the butterfly as the soul of a witch and believe if they can find her body and turn it around while she is asleep, the soul will not be able to find her mouth and reenter, and the witch will probably die. Probably, this concept of the soul explains why many medieval angels have butterfly wings rather than those of a bird Perhaps the most prominent association of the butterfly with the soul is with Psyche. The myth of Psyche originated in the Orient. A Myth said the Rhetors (mere talkers) is "an untrue narrative representing truth." This myth is a good example of approaching "profound realities of Nature by poetic intuition." "Its secret sense shows through thanks to the symbolism of the butterfly." By her beauty, Psyche has aroused the jealousy of Venus. She had seduced Eros himself. Carried away by Zephyre into a flowery valley, she lived there in a dream Palace. Each night she greeted there a lover that she was not supposed to see. On the false-hearted advice of her sisters, giving in to curiosity, she came once with a lamp, to see the one who shared her bed. A drop of oil fell on the god who took flight. Thus began the terrible afflictions from which the unfortunate one could escape only thanks to the complicity of Love. When she had surmounted them her wedding was celebrated in Olympia and she was admired at the banquet of the gods. Now in Greek, Psyche signifies at the same time soul and butterfly. The myth was interpreted by playing on this double sense. It became the story of the soul touched by divine love, but which, by reason of the mistakes made, must undergo some tribulations before having access to happy immortality. The night butterfly [the moth] attracted by the flame, like the soul attracted by heavenly truths, burns in the flame, reflection of the trials that must be endured to eliminate the fleshy sink-stones before knowing the joys of the beyond. Mythology and symbolism aside, Butterflies are beautiful. Butterflies are inspiring. They can be quite magical, helping us to connect with nature, as well as with our spiritual selves. Yet butterflies are disappearing everywhere right before our very eyes. When uncaring human activities get out of hand, it is always the butterflies that take the first and most profound blow. Studies have shown that when rainforests are destroyed, or local temperatures rise, or chemicals and pesticides contaminate our environment, or natural habitats are lost, it is almost always the butterfly that suffers most. For these reasons they serve as environmental indicators, and stewardship of butterflies becomes linked to such serious issues as habitat destruction, pesticide misuse, global warming, genetically engineered foods, and deforestation. When in the caterpillar stage, the (eventual) butterfly will eat pests that can threaten the livelihood of your garden. As we have already pointed out to you, Butterflies pollinate wild plants and our crops, ensuring the production of seeds and fruits required for the continued survival of plants and animals, including humans. Because they are fragile, they can indicate the health of our ecosystems and butterflies are valuable sources of food for songbirds. So the benefits of attracting butterflies to your garden abound. Perhaps it will help you if you begin by understanding the life cycle of the butterfly. A BUTTERFLY'S LIFE Butterflies start life as eggs laid on plants. The egg consists of an outer casing, or chorion, inside which is the female's fertilized ovum. There is always a minute opening, the micropyle, which is visible as a small pit at the top of some eggs. This structure allows the male sperm to fertilize the egg and probably allows the developing embryo to breathe. Sometimes eggs are laid singly, at other times they may be in bunches The eggs take a variable amount of time to hatch; indeed some butterflies remain as eggs through the winter, only hatching when the warmth of spring arrives. I guess they are less likely to be eaten when very small and easy to miss. Usually it takes about 10 days for an egg to hatch. There is an easy exit for the tiny first caterpillar to escape from the confines of its egg. These eggs hatch into very tiny caterpillars, or larva, which start eating immediately. First they eat their egg shell which is the fuel for their journey to find the food plant. It also may be the only meal they have before winter and without it, they won't survive. Then they begin feeding on their host plant. Unlike adult butterflies which feed on nectar, caterpillars prefer the leaves of plants. At this stage, the butterfly is capable of defoliating your butterfly garden. A caterpillar is an eating machine. It consists of a pair of jaws or mandibles for chewing plant matter followed by a long gut for digestion. It moves using three pairs of true legs (like all insects) and five further pairs of 'pro legs', sucker like structures with hooks on the end for gripping hold of the leaves and stems. Along the side of the larva are small openings, spiracles, nine pairs in all, through which respiration occurs. A modified set of salivary glands, spinnerets, produce silk. All butterfly larvae are hairy, some quite spectacularly covered with bushes of setae, and they may well be offputting to potential predators. When first hatched the larva or caterpillar is very small indeed, just a few millimeters long. These first larvae look similar regardless of which species they belong to. Usually the caterpillar immediately searches out food and starts to eat, although some species over winter at this stage. Due to the nature of the skeleton of insects they cannot grow in the same way that we do. Every so often the caterpillar sheds its skin so that it can expand and grow to a larger size. This process is known as ecdysis and each time it happens, the caterpillar moves on to a new instar. Most European species molt four times and so their final stage is usually the fifth instar. Caterpillars feed for a large part of their time, consuming an ever increasing amount of food plant as they get rapidly larger. Some species prefer the cover of night to avoid unwanted attention, the Comma, Polygonia c-album, spends most of its time underneath leaves for the same reason. Their excrement, usually called frass, is dropped all over the place in small lumps. Caterpillars produce a silken thread from organs beside their jaws. This is used for a variety of purposes. It gives the caterpillars a good hold on their food plant and some use it to rest between bouts of feeding. When a caterpillar is fully grown it takes time to wander in search of a suitable pupation site. This stage is sometimes known as the pre-pupa. The larva will let all frass clear its system before pupation. Different families pupate in different ways. A Nymphalid (left) spins a silken pad and hangs head down using its anal claspers to grip on. A Pierid (right) however spins a pad then attaches itself with head upwards, spinning a silken girdle for support. A short while after the larva has attached itself the change to a pupa begins. It is thought a hormone is introduced into the system to begin this process. The word chrysalis is derived from a Greek word meaning gold, referring to the color of some Nymphalid pupae, whereas pupa is the scientific word describing this stage of a butterflies life. Once the caterpillar has transformed into a pupa a remarkable process occurs transforming the contents of the pupa into an adult butterfly. This can take as little as two weeks, but some species over-winter (hibernate) in this stage, only hatching in the warmth of spring. As the pupa is unable to avoid any potential predators they tend to be quite well camouflaged, indeed some are form under the ground. The pupa hangs onto the silken pad using its cremaster, rather than the anal claspers of the caterpillar. Just before the adult butterfly hatches the pupal skin becomes transparent and the wing pattern is visible inside. The chrysalis splits to allow the adult butterfly to emerge. Much like the birthing process, the butterfly pushes itself out of its cocoon to re-enter the world as a butterfly. Its body is filled with fluid which will be pumped into the wings. Shortly after the wings have been pumped full of fluid and dried, all the leftover products of the metamorphosis are excreted. This is normally a reddish fluid, the meconium, and has given rise to fables of showers of blood when many butterflies hatch together. With that, the metamorphosis is complete and butterfly flies off in search of food and host plant for laying its own eggs. It's an amazing process that says a lot about the power of life and nature. I know you want to be able to see this process for yourself! This is probably one of the reasons why you want a butterfly garden. It's an amazing teaching tool for children and adults alike! So now, where do you start with your butterfly garden? With a well-thought out plan! PLANNING YOUR BUTTERFLY GARDEN If you are contemplating the construction of a butterfly garden, take a few moments to assess your resources. How much time are you willing (and able) to invest in planting and maintaining your garden? How much money do you want to spend? Is the garden intended to be a formal or informal one? Are you going to provide butterfly nectar plants, caterpillar food plants, or both? How are you going to deal with pest problems without pesticides? Are you willing to discourage insect-feeding birds (no nest boxes or berry bushes)? The answers to these questions will help you determine the size and scope of your butterfly garden. Another step should be to find out which butterflies are in your area. You can do this by spending some time outdoors with your field guide and a pair of binoculars to see which species are around you. Plan to spend around 4-5 hours between mid-morning and early afternoon trying to spot butterflies over a three day period. If you're serious about this, it'll be well worth it! Check the Internet as well to find out which butterflies are naturally abundant in your area. We'll have a whole separate section on plants that attract butterflies. Most butterflies prefer some shelter from high winds. At the same time, they like open, sunny areas. Windbreak plantings or other means of sheltering the butterfly garden can help provide a suitable physical environment. Certain kinds of butterflies (mostly males) often can be seen on moist sand or mud collecting around puddles of water where they feed. The function of these "mud-puddle clubs" is not fully understood, but it is thought that the water contains dissolved minerals needed by the insects. Maintaining a damp, slightly salty area in the yard may attract groups of these butterflies. When planning a garden, create a large patch of a flower species to attract and retain butterflies. Consider flowers that bloom in sequence. This is particularly important during summer when flower visiting by butterflies is most frequent. Map your yard and choose the spot that receive the least amount of wind and maximum sunshine. You'll also want to take into consideration the growing requirements of the plants you will be putting in along with their growing needs. Plant your butterfly garden in a sunny location (5-6 hours each day), but sheltered from the winds. Butterflies need the sun to warm themselves, but they won't want to feed in an area where they are constantly fighting the wind to stay on the plants. Afternoon sun will not only bring in lots of butterflies, but will provide glorious light for viewing and photographing them. It's a plus if you can watch from your kitchen or living room window. Your location should be calm and relatively undisturbed – meaning only occasional visits by humans. the more natural the area the greater the number and diversity of butterflies attracted. Provide cover and shelter such as broad-leaved trees, shrubs, and log piles. You also want to have several landing pads or sunbathing perches in open and sunny areas throughout the garden. Butterflies rely to a large degree on thermal heating and sunbathe in these open spots. These are most often a variety of large varied sizes of stones that can be used for decorative purposes as well. Determine what type of soil you have. Is it sandy, clay, wetland, well-drained, or very dry? This is very important to know when you select the plants. It's a good idea to have the soil tested. This will provide you with valuable insight into the chemical makeup and condition (texture) of your soil. The soil testing lab will gladly provide you with suggestions for improving soil fertility and drainage, if needed. This can also make a difference in what types of plants will be able to thrive in your garden. What types of trees are in the area? This is important since most moth larvae eat tree leaves; leaves are also the food plant for some of the swallowtails and the mourning cloak. Some trees also produce flowers attractive to adult butterflies. There are specific trees called butterfly trees that can draw hundreds and hundreds of butterflies to it. These include birch trees and red oaks. Butterflies need water just like we do. Keep a mud puddle damp in a sunny location, or fill a bucket with sand and enough water to make the sand moist. Periodically saturate the sand to keep it moist. You can also bury the bucket in the ground for aesthetic purposes and provide access to it by surrounding it with some small rocks. Male butterflies appreciate a patch of wet sand or dirt. They sip salts and other minerals from the sand, a behavior known as "puddling". The minerals are passed on in a sperm packet during mating, to enrich the eggs. In you want to include the use of butterflies in your landscape you will need to create a safety zone for your butterflies to feel safe. Butterflies frequent habitual zones, where they feel safe and where areas of the landscape meet with the tree lines. Creating your butterfly gardens near or around trees will help in attracting even more of these graceful creatures to your gardens. You should also consider hedges; groups of small trees or shrubs; or walls, fences, trellises covered with vines. Butterflies are attracted to areas of your gardens where they can gather food for their offspring. The caterpillar will eat from the plants while the adult butterflies will sip on the nectar of the flowers. As your plants, shrubs, and flowers mature, the amount of butterflies to your gardens will also increase. The plants and flowers that you put in your garden this year will attract only a few, but in the years to come the natural instinct of the butterfly will lead them to your garden. What is the adult butterfly searching for in your gardens? The butterfly searches for areas to take shelter from the high winds, the rains, and the summer storms. This is where the trees and shrubs in your gardens become important in protecting the butterfly and offering shelter. During the normal, warm sunny summer day the butterfly wants the wide-open areas of your lawn and garden. Butterflies will seek soft soil that is sandy-like to find water. The sand-like soil that allows water to puddle up after a rainstorm is a butterfly's delight. The developing stages of the caterpillar to the butterfly are observed often in the established butterfly garden. Butterflies don't need anything fancy or expensive: just a large, open, sun-filled area; some flowers, for adults; some food sources, for caterpillars; shelter; puddles; and rocks. You might consider planting an herb garden if you enjoy herbs - many butterfly species do too. So now you have the location and a plan put in place for your garden. The next step is to figure out what plants you want to put in to attract butterflies. PLANTS TO ATTRACT BUTTERFLIES To attract the greatest number of butterflies and have them as residents in your yard you will need to have plants that serve the needs of all life stages of the butterfly. They need a place to lay eggs, food plants for the larva (caterpillar), a place to form a chrysalis, and nectar sources for the adult. Most adult butterflies live 10-20 days. Some, however, are believed to live no longer than three or four days, while others, such as over wintering monarchs, may live six months. Butterfly tarsi or "feet" possess a sense similar to taste. Contact with sweet liquids such as nectar causes the proboscis to uncoil. Millions of shingle-like, overlapping scales give butterfly wings their color and patterns. Metallic, iridescent hues come from faceted scales that refract light; solid colors are from pigmented scales. During the time from hatching to pupating (forming the pupa or chrysalis), the caterpillar may increase its body size more than 30,000 times. The chrysalises or pupae of many common gossamer wings - a group of butterflies which includes the blues, hairstreaks and elfins - are capable of producing weak sounds. By flexing and rubbing together body segment membranes, sounds are generated that may frighten off small predators and parasites. In order to make a yard more attractive to butterflies, you need to provide the proper environment. Most important are food plants used by the immature stages (various caterpillars), food sources used by the adult butterflies, and physical environment. Adult female butterflies spend time searching for food plants required by the immature caterpillar stage. Most butterflies have specific host plants on which they develop. For example, caterpillars of the monarch butterfly develop only on milkweed, while the black swallowtail feeds only on parsley, dill and closely related plants. When females find the proper host plant, they may lay eggs on it. Providing the necessary food plants for the developing caterpillars also allows production of a "native" population that can be observed in all stages of development. Most species, however, fly away as adult butterflies. Plants that attract butterflies can be divided into two categories; those that attract adults, and those that are food plants for butterfly larvae (Caterpillars). To attract more than just the passing wanderer, plant a good mix from both categories. By providing plants that the caterpillars can feed on, you will surely have butterflies come and stay. Please remember that Caterpillars will eat the foliage of these plants; therefore, you must accept the damage and forgo the insecticides. Adults searching for nectar are attracted to: • red, yellow, orange, pink, or purple blossoms • flat-topped or clustered flowers • short flower tubes Short flower tubes allow the butterflies to reach the nectar with their proboscis. Nectar-producing plants should be grown in open, sunny areas, as adults of most species rarely feed on plants in the shade. Many caterpillars are picky eaters. They rely on only one or two species of plants. The caterpillar of the giant swallowtail butterfly in the northeast and Mid-Atlantic States feed on just two native plant foods - Northern prickly ash and hop tree. Others, such as the red-spotted purple, will feed on a variety of deciduous trees. Food for adult butterflies usually consists of sweet liquids, such as nectar from flowers that provide energy. Some flowers contain more nectar, and are more attractive to butterflies. Often, specific types of flowers and flower colors also are more attractive. Some species feed on honeydew (produced by aphids), plant sap, rotting fruit and even bird dung. To attract butterflies to your garden, you need the flowers that produce the nectar that butterflies drink. Nectar is the butterfly's main source of food. To raise butterflies in your garden you need to grow the plants that caterpillars eat. There are certain plants that will attract caterpillars. If you want to observe the caterpillar's transformation into a butterfly, plant these and let them come. • Milkweeds • Passion Vine • Hollyhocks • Wild Senna • Pipevines • Carrot • Fennel • Parsley • Dill • Wild Lilacs • Wild Plums and Cherries • Buckthorns • Ashes • Hop-tree • Aspens and Willows • Poplars • Sage • Poplar • Wild Lime • Citrus • Carrot • Fennel As far as adult butterflies, they will stay in your garden for longer periods of time if you have plants for them to lay their eggs on. Patches of plants that flower at the same time are more attractive to butterflies than a single plant with a few flowers. Plant your flowers in sunny places and provide some rocks or stone walls where they can "bask" in the morning to warm up. Provide a few sheltered areas, like shrubbery or brush piles to protect them from wind and rain, and provide caterpillars a nice place to pupate. You should plant more than one source of nectar. Planting a variety of nectar sources will encourage more butterflies to visit the garden. Here are some nectar bearing plants that usually attract adult butterflies: • Asters • Bee balm • Butterfly bush • Butterfly plant • Bush cinquefolia • Cosmos • Gaillardia • Lilac • Marigold • Ornamental thistles • Rabbit brush • Sunflower • Sweet pea • Verbena • Zinnias Bright colors seem to attract more butterflies, but more importantly, large swaths of color will make it easier for them to find your garden. You may want to include the aptly-named butterfly bush. This large shrub (up to 10 feet) is a magnet to butterflies. In mild-winter areas, its delicate silver foliage adds a pleasing contrast to evergreens. You should cut back to about 18" in late winter because it will grow quickly! In a small garden stick to one of the dwarf varieties which reach about five feet (Nanho blue, petite indigo and others). Buddleia is now considered an invasive plant in coastal areas. Watch for and remove seedlings. If you live near a natural area, plant an alternative such as native wild lilac. Deadheading spent blossoms on Buddleia and flowers like marigold will encourage new blooms and prolong your garden's butterfly appeal. If you can spare a corner out of the garden limelight, encourage dandelions and clover; these humble plants are attractive nectar sources. Don't tidy up too much, either. A few rotten apples left under your tree might entice a Red Admiral to stop and eat. This striking butterfly supplements its diet with amino acids from decaying fruit, even animal scat. A brush or wood pile can give shelter to over wintering adults and larvae of several species. Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Bird Feeders There are few pleasures to match sitting on your back porch, deck, patio or balcony... and watching a beautiful array of birds flitting to and fro amongst the feeders you have set up. It's quite a site to behold. They're pretty to look at. And you get the feeling of knowing you're helping to care for them. I have specific hummingbirds, for instance, that I've learned to recognize coming back to their feeder again and again. I almost feel like I know them. But there's a lot more to it than just hanging a feeder or two up and waiting for the birds to show.... Sign up to receive our FREE newsletter and a 5 part email series on our Top Secret Birding Secrets, sure to attract flocks of birds to your backyard! http://WeHaveInfoToGo.com/recommends/BirdFeeders.php
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