text:
Underpants exposed
Viewed: 981 Duration: 4:44 Added: January 2013 Download
Thank you for your vote!
You have already voted for this video!
Underpants exposedSorry, there is no description for this video
From: voyeur4you
Category: pussy admiration
User Comments / Flag:
Thank you! Your comment has been sent for review.
Unexpected error occurred, please contact support


text:
Discover a selection of top forums within stage on the internet. Come to share your passion on forums within stage and meet other fans of within stage. Then, why don't you create your own forum of within stage ?
The Online Stage is a community of performers dedicated to the presentation and recording of high quality dramatic productions in audio format.
online, #stage, community, performers, dedicated, presentation, recording, high, quality, dramatic, productions, audio, format
We Are An Exclusive INTERNATIONAL All Female Car/Truck & Motorcycle Enthusiast ClubAny Make, Model & Stage Of Modification♥
pretty, little, riders, driver, lace, l.a.c.e, enthusiast, international, female, truck, motorcycle, automotive, vehicle, ride, club, drivers, girls, females, only, group

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Stunningly, a cheap, safe, common herb has now been proved to be as effective as…Read More »
Author Archives: Christian GoodmanFeed Subscription
Common Mineral Alters Your Brain to Cause High Blood Pressure
Blood pressure is almost 100% monitored by your brain. If you've high blood pressure, for…Read More »
75% Men Improved Their ED Using This Easy Exercise
A new study gives great hope to men suffering ED. Using simple, easy exercises, 75%…Read More »
This "Paper Clip" Cures High Blood Pressure (this one is strange)
Sometimes the medical world is just too weird. That happened when scientists discovered how to…Read More »
Headaches And High Blood Pressure (and how to eliminate both)
High blood pressure is usually considered symptomless. That's why it's often called "the silent killer."…Read More »
Why You Have Dizzy/Vertigo Spells and How to Prevent Them?
You've experienced this: standing up from a chair or a bed, all of a sudden…Read More »
This Healthy Food Raises Blood Pressure and Doubles Heart Attack Risk
As a health-conscious reader for Blue Heron Health News, I'm sure you pay a lot…Read More »
Natural Cure for High Blood Pressure Discovered
The traditional medical system has no solution for high blood pressure other than dangerous drugs,…Read More »
3 Easy Ways To Stop Snoring (and most effectively #4)
Snoring is a big problem worldwide. At least 40% people report snoring at least some…Read More »
Simple Exercise That Lowers Your Blood Pressure Today
Today, I'm going to teach you a simple, easy exercise that immediately improves your blood…Read More »


text:
In using rubrics, you and your students assess assigned work against predetermined standards. As students use rubrics, they learn how to improve the quality of their work to meet standards of excellence.
Quality Evidence Rubrics
Watch the video and explore related materials which show how students assess the quality of their work using a Quality Evidence Rubric.
Check out these videos for more ideas on using rubrics.
Watch these videos from trusted sources for more examples of using rubrics in action:
Get access to materials that can help your school's leadership teams focus on instructional improvement.
Gain strategies to help teachers at your school implement quality instruction.
Find and share best practices, inspiring experiences, and effective strategies related to leadership and teaching.
The content that you are about to view is on another site not administered by Success at the Core.
Continue To Link


text:
Tri-CAP's Dinner & Silent Auction at Old Country Buffet Utility companies are seeing a spike in the number of Minnesotans who are delinquent on their bills and who have already been shut off. The proceeds from this dinner and silent auction will assist low-income families pay their utility bills and get service restored before winter comes. Old Country Buffet will donate $1 from each meal purchased by a guest 12 years and older to assist in these efforts. Funding raised is matched 2:1 by the state of Minnesota. When: August 22, 2007 Where: Old Country Buffett – 3333 W. Division Street – St. Cloud, MN 56301 Time: 5:00 – 8:00 p.m. If additional information is needed please contact me. Thank you Doris Washington Special Services Coordinator Tri-County Action Program, Inc 700 W St Germain Street St. Cloud, MN 56301 Phone: (320) 251-1612 Fax: (320) 654-9473
Pages to are hidden for
"Tri-Cap 8-22 Dinner - Auction"Please download to view full document


text:
University Museums galleries are closed for summer break. We will reopen for fall semester on September 9, 2015, with NEW late hours on *Wednesdays.
Download our most recent (Spring 2015) Exhibitions and Programs Bulletin here (PDF). A new Bulletin will be available in August 2015.
*Wed - 12:00-8:00 pm
Thur-Sun 12:00-5:00 pm
Closed during University breaks and holidays
Main Phone:
30 North College Ave.
Newark, DE 19716
Parking for the Mechanical Hall Gallery is in Trabant University Center Garage located between Delaware Avenue and Main St.
302-831-8037 (Information)
302-831-8088 (Museum)
255 Academy St.
Newark, DE 19716
Parking for the Mineralogical Museum is in Perkins Garage located on Academy Street.
302-831-6557 (Curator)
302-831-8037 (Information)
302-831-4940 (Museum)
18 East Main St.
Newark, DE 19716
Parking for the Old College Gallery is in Trabant University Center Garage located between Delaware Avenue and Main St.
302-831-8037 (Information)
302-831-6589 (Museum)
ACCESS TO THE DIGITAL ART COLLECTION is provided through UD's Morris Library and ArtStor via the Shared Shelf Institutional Collections, accessible on campus and for off site researchers upon request. Information on gaining access through Morris Library can be found here.
Please join our e-mail list to receive the latest news on our upcoming exhibitions!
Magical Visions: Ten Contemporary African American Artists
Curated by Keith Morrison
February 1–June 29, 2012
Magical Visions: Ten Contemporary African American Artists brings together the work of artists who have pioneered significant changes in media including assemblage, fiber, painting, photography, printmaking, quilt making, and sculpture to video with performance. Through their own magical visions, these artists give birth to works that challenge traditions and open new vistas. Artists included in the exhibition are Terry Adkins, Sonya Clark, Melvin Edwards, Sam Gilliam, Barkley L. Hendricks, Kalup Linzy, Odili Donald Odita, Karyn Olivier, Faith Ringgold and William T. Williams.
For a PDF of the exhibition catalogue, click here.
Please join us:
Mechanical Hall Gallery
Wednesday, February 15, 5 – 6:30 pm
Magical Visions: Ten Contemporary African American Artists
Reception with Guest Curator Keith Morrison
All events are free and open to the public.
RSVPs are appreciated: email@example.com or 302-831-8037
Information and hours: 302-831-8037


text:
Today, I created wanted to catch up with you all via this vlog because I haven't had much time to blog lately. In the video I chatted about:
What I've been up to over the past couple months which has mostly been my 10 Day Spring Detox and my 3-part video series called Everything You Need To Know About Detoxing.
How I started balancing out my hormones, losing weight and got clearer skin naturally with a whole life detox.
The GAPS Diet which is a gut healing protocol that I've been doing to heal my leaky gut.
My teleclass "What's Gut Got To Do With It? How Poor Digestion May Be Making You Toxic and Keeping You Fat".
Spring time in NYC and self care in the form of surprise dates with Chris!
You can expect to see more of these videos from me here on exsoycise since I will be trying to focus more on cranking out more awesome informative posts on mine and Chris's blog Awakened Nutrition & Training! I look forward to sharing more videos with you soon!
P.S. Wanna sneak peek into one of my 10-Day Detox programs that uses the elimination diet? Sign up to get my FREE 3-Day Detox and jump-start your weight loss now!


text:
39230-012: Participation of the Urban Poor in Municipal Governance
Project Data Sheet (PDS): Overview
The TA's impact will be improved access by the poor to quality urban services. The TA's outcome will be; (i) establishment of an institutional mechanism increasing poors' access to decision-making processes at municipal level; and (ii) participatory pro-poor planning and monitoring systems are developed and adopted in selected municipalities. Read More
|Project Number
|Type or Modality of Assistance
Technical Assistance
|Public sector (Sovereign)
|Approval Number
TA No. 4707
|Approval Date
|02 Dec 2005
|Geographical Location
|Bhairab, Gazipur, Habiganj, Netrokona, Khagrachori, Ishwardi, Lakshmipur, Meherpur, Moulvibazar, Naranganj, Narsinghdi, Savar, Shahzadpur, Sahriatpur and Tongi.
Water supply and other municipal infrastructure and services
|Urban Sector Development
Project Data Sheets (PDS) contain summary information on the project or program. Because the PDS is a work in progress, some information may not be included in its initial version but will be added as it becomes available. Information about proposed projects is tentative and indicative.
The Public Communications Policy (PCP) recognizes that transparency and accountability are essential to development effectiveness. It establishes the disclosure requirements for documents and information ADB produces or requires to be produced.
The Accountability Mechanism provides a forum where people adversely affected by ADB-assisted projects can voice and seek solutions to their problems and report alleged noncompliance of ADB's operational policies and procedures.
In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of, or reference to, a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
View the latest procurement notices for Goods, Works and Related Services, or Consulting Services.


text:
For Licensed Marriage and Family Therapists, the fattest paychecks can be found in the Golden State; the three highest-paying cities in the field are Oakland, San Francisco, and San Diego. The data for this snapshot was collected from individuals who took PayScale's salary survey.
Add this chart to your site:
Copy and paste this HTML:
Add this chart to your site:
Copy and paste this HTML:
Marriage and family therapists specialize in assessing psychological issues within families and couples. They identify the issues and their effect on family members and the relationships between family members. The therapist works out of a plan of action that might include one-on-one talk therapy with the affected parties, couples therapy, or other methods. They provide support to the family members and utilize community resources to assist patients and their families. They also confer with the patients' medical doctors regarding ongoing treatment options.Read More...
The work environment for a marriage and family therapist might occasionally become hostile, as sessions may become tense or unpredictable. This position requires excellent interpersonal and problem solving skills; the therapist must adapt their methods to fit the individuals they treat and updates within the field.
As an employee of a psychiatric group, a marriage and family therapist might be expected to perform other duties such as facilitate group therapy sessions and assist with crisis intervention. Hours might be irregular, with occasional evenings and weekends, as well as on call hours.
A licensed marriage and family therapist must have at least a master's degree in behavioral science, psychology, or a related field. They are also required to have obtained a license in marriage and family therapy in the state they work in. They may start their own practice, work in an existing practice, or be hired as part of a psychiatric team at a hospital or clinic.
Licensed Marriage and Family Therapists usually report a few specific skills. Most notably, skills in Bilingual, Clinical Psychology, Diagnosis and Treatment Planning, and Counseling are correlated to pay that is above average. Skills that are correlated to lower pay, on the other hand, include Group Therapy. Most people skilled in Counseling are similarly competent in Diagnosis and Treatment Planning.
Median of all compensation (including tips, bonus, and overtime) by years of experience.
Experience does not seem to be a strong driver of pay increase in this role. Folks who are navigating the first five years of their careers have a median salary of approximately $49K in this position. Those who have been around for five to 10 years don't get much more, though; the median salary in that group is $54K. Licensed Marriage and Family Therapists claiming one to two decades of experience make an estimated median of $65K. Old hands boasting more than twenty years of relevant experience report pay that is more or less commensurate with that extensive experience; average earnings for this group come out to approximately $72K.
Licensed Marriage and Family Therapists in Oakland, San Francisco, and San Diego — all located in California — not only make more than the national average for those in this profession but represent the highest-paid cities in the country for Licensed Marriage and Family Therapists. The lowest-paying market is St. Paul, which sits 25 percent below the national average, proving that location is a significant contributor to overall pay. A couple other locations with smaller-than-average paychecks include Portland (23 percent lower) and Philadelphia (19 percent lower).
|Extremely satisfied
Rated 5 out of 5
based on 67 votes.
85 %
15 %
|Medical: 66%
|Dental: 54%
|Vision: 39%
|None: 32%


text:
Granada vs Atlético Madrid Soccer Head to Head Statistics and Results
Head to Head Statistics : Granada vs Atlético Madrid Year up to 2015The Soccer Teams Granada and Atlético Madrid played 8 Games up to today.
In this common Games the Teams scored a average of 1.8 Goals per Match.
To comparison, on all remaining Matches against other Teams Granada
made a average of 1.6 Home Goals Tore per Match and Team Atlético Madrid 1.3 away Goals per Match.
Detailed Result Comparisons, Form and Estimations can be found in the Team and League Statistics.
More H2H Statistics for this two Soccer Teams :
H2H Comparison Granada - Atlético Madrid
H2H Goal Comparison Granada - Atlético Madrid
Primera Division Betting Tips and Predictions
Bet on next Soccer Matches live at Betclic and get a
100% on first Deposit up to 100€ Bonus Betting Betclic Bonus
Details for Betclic and more of best Bonus offers.
Results Granada and Atlético Madrid
Cross Comparison Granada and Atlético MadridDirect Comparison of the Matches for Granada and Atlético Madrid related
the recent Games and their Results of both Teams against common opponents.
Schedules Granada and Atlético Madrid
The Soccer H2H Statistics updated on 06/07/2015 at 11:12.
Current Soccer live Results, Scores and Schedules for Granada and Atlético Madrid
are also in the WP Result Service : Results Soccer and in the Schedules : Schedules Soccer.


text:
Greeks say 'no more' to austerity
Leaders of Germany, France call for an EU summit on Tuesday to discuss Greek financial crisis.
Leaders of Germany, France call for an EU summit on Tuesday to discuss Greek financial crisis.
Some analyst estimate the total margin lending in the world's second-largest economy is $645 billion.
More women are getting tattoos these days. To give them an alternative to a typical tattoo shop dominated by men, Jackalope Tattoo in Minneapolis has an entirely female staff.
Details about how the Minnesota-owned cable and satellite channel acquired rights to broadcast the pageant, which is a joint venture between Donald Trump and NBD, haven't been released.
The agreement with the U.S. government, five Gulf Coast states and more than 400 local governments comes five years after the Deepwater Horizon spill.
Some believe a "Greek tragedy" with global implications is unfolding in Europe as world markets have been jumpy.
For the first five months of 2015, monthly job growth averaged 217,000, a healthy streak that has been steadily absorbing the unemployed as well as part-time workers looking for more hours.
Taprooms in St. Paul will be able to sell beer in growlers on Sundays starting on July 5. The Legislature voted earlier this year to let taprooms sell the 64-ounce jugs of beer on Sundays.
Each visit brings her into close contact with 70 cows.
Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras insisted a rejection of creditors' proposals for a bailout did not mean Greece would leave the eurozone. Greece officially missed a loan payment to the International Monetary Fund today.
Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras is urging Greeks to vote "no" in Sunday's referendum on proposals from the country's creditors. He says European leaders won't let Greece exit the eurozone.
The St. Paul Public Library plans to join a growing number of libraries nationwide using data analysis software to gain insights on current patrons and find ways to attract new ones. But the initiative makes some privacy advocates nervous.
Since 2007, the bank has supported more than 200 Minnesota businesses and helped create $3 billion in state exports. Caught in a political dispute, its charter expires today.
The regulation, which retailers and restaurants likely will fight, would mean that all employees earning up to $50,440 a year would be guaranteed overtime pay, up from the current cap of $23,660.
The Minnesota Chamber of Commerce has named Doug Loon as its new president. He takes on a role long held by Dave Olson, who died last year.
Investors fled from stocks in Europe and the U.S. and retreated to the safety of government bonds.
Trump attributed NBC's decision to a clash in view points on immigration, saying his views were strong and NBC's "very weak."
MPR News' Tom Weber discussed with Glen Taylor what the future holds for him and Taylor Corp. as he passes the reins to his niece, Deb Taylor.
Minnesota's multi-billion-dollar food industry is trying to cope with major shifts in consumer attitudes, along with avian flu and drought in California.
The Chippewa Falls, Wis., brewer introduced another new beer this spring, and has others in the pipeline for 2015 and beyond.


text:
VIEWS: 7 PAGES: 13 POSTED ON: 4/4/2010 Public Domain
The Economics of choice: Assessing the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Alternative Approaches to Choice in Education Stephen B. Lawton Professor Ontario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of Toronto (OISE/UT) Revised November 25, 1996 Overview In education, as in all human activities, the question of economics is ever present since economics is concerned with the allocation of scarce resources in order to realize desired values. These resources can be measured in kind -- the classic land, labour1 and capital -- or in dollars. If greater value can be realized by a different allocation of resources then, from the economist's perspective, a reallocation of resources should take place. It is all very scientific, at least on first appearances. If economics has a bias, it is that it assumes that values - wants, needs, and preferences -- are known in advance and that individuals are the central agents in making choices. In education, this perspective would imply that that if we could sum the satisfaction that individuals acquire through their own or their children's educational experience -- call this sum S(E)-- then our objective should be to maximize S(E) within existing fiscal constraints. If individuals are not able to assess their satisfaction with education very well, or able to weigh satisfaction gained from education relative to the satisfaction acquired from other pursuits, then economists have a problem. Economists also are stymied if a good or service is consumed collectively with either everyone or no one receiving it. To begin, let us assume that the world works they economists would like it to; that is, let us assume that we can engage in a rational pursuit to maximize S(E) for a given level of financial resources. To know how well we succeed, we need to have specific criteria to assess bow good a given allocation is. Several criteria will be presented and then it will be argued that the current allocation 0£ resources does not maximize S(E) and that reallocating resources to support greater educational choice, in fact, can result in an increase in 5(E). Specific techniques for allocating resources will be described and assessed in terms of their appropriateness for the task of increasing S(E), and the role of regulation in the entire process will described with acknowledgement that some regulation is necessary1 but that excessive regulation is harmful. The paper concludes with set of suggestions for an evolutionary increase in choice in education. Key Issues The preoccupation of economists with efficiency and effectiveness arises from a concern for maximizing the value to the individual. By value I mean the satisfaction that arises by fulfilling a need or preference. In a classic free-market situation, individuals are able to use their own resources to obtain the combination of goods and services that provides most satisfaction for a given expenditure; that is, no other combination of purchases would yield greater satisfaction. This focus on satisfaction reflects the utilitarian philosophy of John Stuart Mills, and is ensconced in the economist's reference to "individual utility functions" that describe bow much satisfaction is received from different combinations of goods and services. The notion that there is some combination of a society's expenditures that would maximize overall satisfaction of society's members, S, is referred to a "Pareto efficiency", after the Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto, who posited the existence of a social utility function equivalent to the individual's utility function. Public policy's task, in this perspective, is to facilitate the efficient allocation of resources, public and private, to make S as large as possible. For our purposes, the first issue in allocating resources is to decide how much to allocate to education as opposed to other social and private needs, including health care, housing, investment, etc. If too much is allocated to education and too little to others, then overall efficiency may suffer. That is, overall well-being will be less than it could be and a reallocation should be made among sectors in order to remedy the situation. The second issue is how to allocate resources efficiently within a given sector, such as education, in order to maximize satisfaction within that domain. Both issues warrant attention. The size of allocation to a particular sector, such as health or education, is usually measured by expressing expenditures as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP); i.e., as a percentage of all the goods and services provided in a nation or province during a given year. There is no hard and fast rule as to what education expenditures should constitute as a percentage of GDP; the usual practice is to compare one jurisdiction with other, comparable ones. In 1991-92, for example, Canada's expenditures on education as a percentage of GDF were the highest among the G-7 nations: Canada, 7.2%, the United States, 5.4%, United Kingdom, 5.2%, France, 5.5%, Germany, 4.1%, Italy, 5.1% and Japan, 3.6% (Statistics Canada, 1995). These figures include all levels of education. Expenditures on elementary and secondary education in Canada were 4.7% of CDP Among the provinces in 1991, public expenditures on all levels of education ranged from 6.0% of GDP in Alberta to 1O.9% for Newfoundland. Table 1 provides recent data on educational expenditures. Given these comparative data with other developed nations, it would be difficult to argue that Canadians are not spending enough of education; indeed, it would be possible to conclude we may be a bit too generous. Since 1991, I would surmise that the percentage of GDP Canadians spend on education has declined since the rapid increase in public expenditures devoted to the servicing of our enormous public debts has crowded out other public expenditures- Both the federal and provincial governments have frozen or reduced expenditures on education during this period. Even then, education has experienced less in the way of reduction than many other public services, so government has maintained its relative position to other services, and private funds have, to a degree, replaced public funds that have been lost, particularly in the case of postsecondary education where fees have increased. Using the "Goldilocks' test" — whether we are spending too much, not enough, or just right on education — I would conclude that we spend more than we should as reflected in the dependence of Ottawa, Quebec and Ontario on deficit financing. We are moving close to "just right", but are not yet there. The second key issue concerns the use made of the funds allocated to education. Are these funds being allocated in such a way as to maximize public satisfaction with educational services? Here also I believe that there is strong evidence of misallocation in many provinces1 and in Ontario's elementary and secondary education system in particular. The allocation of funds for schooling in Ontario occurs in a number of ways and at many different levels of the educational system. The key allocations are 1) among school boards and 2) among programs and resources for programs within school boards. Funding for school boards is shared between the province, which currently provides about $6 billion dollars of the $14 billion spent annually, and school boards, which raise the $8 billion balance from residential ($5 billion) and commercial and industrial ($3 billion) property taxpayers. There are currently five types of school boards in Ontario.' English public, English Roman Catholic separate, French public, French Roman Catholic separate1 and Protestant separate, of which there is only one, which has a single elementary school. In addition, federal funds support schools operated by Native peoples on reserves and some support flows through the University of Toronto to University of Toronto Schools (UTS), which received provincial assistance until a few years ago when the New Democratic Government phased these out. Programs within school boards are numerous, particularly at the secondary level. Most relevant for the topic of choice in education are those which involve the operation of distinctive schools; among these are French immersion, alternative, traditional "academies", and special schools for music and the arts, for technology, and for business. Distinctive "special education" schools for those with learning disabilities also exist, although many of these have been closed as students with special needs have been "mainstreamed" into regular schools, with provision for supplementary services where needed. Some school boards also operate low profile ethno cultural/religious schools -- dominantly Ukrainian schools in the Metro Separate system, Mennonite schools in Wellington County, and the like. Local parents know of these schools and make use of them, although their existence reflects local accommodation rather than a policy stance in favour of the principle of choice in education. In addition, within most school boards, students have the right to attend any school within the jurisdiction in which space is available; i.e., Ontario school boards operate on an "open enrolment" basis, although this option not widely used by parents. As well, students may not "cross" school board lines without payment of tuition, with the exception of Roman Catholic and public secondary schools in coterminous school boards. Normally, sending a child to a neighbouring or coterminous board (elementary level) requires payment of a tuition fee. This sketch of school board structures and programs reveals that Ontario already provides a surprising array of options to parents and students. The variety is not as great as in a province like Alberta, which has charter schools, religious alternative schools, and significant public funding for private schools, but it is much greater than in has been traditional in the states of the United States, from which we obtain much of the literature on school choice. However, many of the choices that exist within Ontario are privileges rather than rights; school boards may cancel French immersion, alternative, and special schools for the arts and music, etc at will. They are under no obligation to provide or maintain these choices. The choices exist at the political will of the board. At least three difficulties present themselves in the provision of choice programs within school boards, two economic and one political. The first economic problem has to do with the non-divisibility of some types of educational services; unlike hot dogs or cars, education typically has a collective nature. Students take part in a social institution -- the school -- to learn academic and social knowledge, skills, and values. While some subjects can be taught one-on-one, others cannot. (The cannot have a group discussion or play a soccer game alone In the case of divisible subjects, like math and English or French, we encounter the second economic problem of economies of scale. We cannot afford extremely small class sizes; we need to bring sufficient numbers of students together to bring costs down to an acceptable level. While much of the post-war literature advocated quite large institutions to ensure a variety of programs could be available, recent literature that emphasizes student engagement and participation as a, key variable in explaining school success concludes that smaller institutions are best. Nevertheless, at the extreme, when we consider each individual's unique tastes, it is clearly not practicable to satisfy these desires entirely. The political problem affecting choice concerns the values of a majority of those holding decision rights in school boards. Often, officials and trustees support the notion of the school as a "mini-society" for teaching youth. In a diverse nation such as Canada, this value position leads to the notion of a common school in which diverse students mix Such a program is not divisible; if an alternative to it is available, then those choosing that more homogeneous option necessarily reduces the heterogeneity within the "common" school. Put another way, the utility function of the trustees and officials holding this value is logically contradictory to the utility function of those preferring distinctive schools and programs. The political problem is to balance these two positions in order to provide equivalent satisfaction to both groups - what Herbert Simon referred to as "satisficing", part satisfaction and part sacrifice. Labour Costs The acquisition of resources, especially teaching staff, for programs is another area where efficiency is critical. The most efficient solution is to purchase the right balance of resources - facilities, teachers, administrators, support and maintenance staff1 books and media, etc.-- at the best prices. The key administrative problem in education is making these purchases and matching the goods and services acquired with specific programs. Table 2 reports the overall financial results of these decisions in Canada for 1992. Clearly, both as a percentage of operating. Expenditures (66.5%) and as a percentage of total expenditures (61.1%), funds for teachers~ salaries dominate. Education is very labour intensive. Instructional supplies, including textbooks, library books, laboratory supplies, and the like, consume barely 20% of all expenditures and capital expenditures for elementary and secondary education account for about 8% of the total. Teaching services in Canada are purchased from labour monopolies, the teacher's federations and unions, that have been sanctioned, if not created, by provincial laws. We tend to take this practice for granted, but it is an activity that many economists would decry as creating extreme interference in the labour market for teachers that has led to higher prices and higher levels of staffing (Eberts & Stone, 1995). The recent report on the expenditures of education in Ontario in comparison to other provinces (Lawton, Ryall and Menzies, 1996), which has been attacked by union officials, identified the salaries of teachers as a primary source of expenditure differences among the provinces. At a time when as few as one in four new graduates of faculties of education can find 1obs, school board negotiations with teachers in Ontario are leading to the dismissal of junior teachers in order to raise the salaries of remaining teachers by "restoring the grid", the union's euphemistic language for giving wage increases on the basis of seniority. In many cases these increases were suspended during the three-year "social contract" which limited public sector expenditures in Ontario. Other purchasing practices of school boards are also of doubtful efficiency. Public, separate, and French-language school boards often operate parallel bus services, tracing similar routes in bringing students to schools. Redundant business offices, central offices, business, Systems, and even schools have been identified as byproducts of a system of competition funded from the taxpayer's wallet, which is hardly the same as free market competition where providers compete to offer the best products and services at the lowest price to the consumer. In some Cases policies have been adopted to require the payment of "union" wages for all services purchased by the board, even if these services are available at lower cost. While the right to organize and to sell labour collectively is a basic right of any group of individuals, the notion that the state should require a person to be part of such a group m order to obtain employment is odious. The right of contract is a fundamental human right, and to effectively remove this right in a misguided notion that doing so serves the public interest has only recently come under public challenge in a report on teacher collective bargaining in Ontario (Paroian, 1996). There are benefits to collective agreements between employers and employees. The transaction costs involved in selecting and supervising employees is considerable, and collective agreements reduce these in comparison to large numbers of individual employment contracts. Also, a stable, reliable workforce is preferable to one with high rates of turnover and with unpredictable competence. However, collective contracts are less flexible than individual contracts in terms of staff management, particularly in terms of redeployment, reductions in numbers, and dismissal for poor performance. At present, it appears the costs to the current system of collective bargaining outweighs its benefits. One phenomenon associated with the economic power of teachers' unions is their political influence, both forma[ -- as in municipal and provincial elections -- and informally in terms of how the educational system is structured and of what is taught. For example, teachers' unions in British Columbia and Ontario are on record as opposing increased choice in education in the form of charter schools. One can ask why an employees' group should feel that it has the right to use members' dues to engage in a campaigns against a changes in the structure of the educational Systems that governments, with broad electoral bases, may feel appropriate. In the U.S., unions must report all funds spent on political activity and teachers have the right to opt out of this portion of their dues. In sum, the allocation system for resources in education is currently inefficient: funds are allocated on a restricted range of options that are politically determined, and excessive prices are paid to purchase many of the resources, particularly instructional staff, that are used to operate the system. Within the current level of expenditure -- or even a somewhat reduced level -- there is room an improved allocation pattern that would increase efficiency and effectiveness. Alternative Allocation Mechanisms There are number of ways of matching money to programs for children. Our current practice in Ontario of having school boards collect taxes and receive provincial grants, which they then allocate according to provincial and local priorities1 is by no means the only way education can be funded. Economists' high regard for free markets have given rise to a number of proposals that emulate markets for distributing public funds. These proposals have the purpose of achieving social equity by drawing on the collective wealth of society while maximizing individual choice by leaving the selection of programs or schools in the hands of the parents or students. The most common of these proposals is that of "vouchers", in which government would provide the parents of each child a coupon that can be cashed in at the school or program of choice. A related concept is that of an "educational endowment", which is a promise by government that all persons may benefit from the expenditure on education of a given amount of money during their lives. The funds could be spent at any level of program or type of instruction. One can imagine this proposal operationalized by the issuance of a "telephone card" for education. After each unit of instruction, an amount would be deducted from the endowment by an electronic transaction. Parents and, after the age of majority, students could use the card to purchase academic, athletic, art, vocational, and professional education. They could supplement the public allocation, within limits, with payments such as those currently allowed for Registered Education Savings Plans. This endowment approach would be similar to the system used for health care at present1 but with fixed limits or drawing rights over a lifetime. Educational vouchers and endowments would involve complex record keeping and might be expensive to manage, although probably no more so than the keeping of records for airline points and health care billings. Also, if left unregulated, these approaches might lead the providers of popular educational options to raise prices beyond the ability of some to pay. As result of this threat to equity, most proposals for such schemes suggest forms of regulation to ensure overall social policy objectives, including equity, are promoted. One alternative to vouchers that is presently in use are grants that "follow the student"; that is, the government provides grants to schools or school systems based upon the enrolment of students. Today, most public funds for education in Canada are allocated on such a basis, although typically only government operated services qualify to receive funds. Provinces that do provide per pupil grants to private institutions usually have some form of institutional approval process for schools to qualify and provide grants that are smaller than those allocated to public institutions. Grants to institutions have a major advantage over vouchers to parents in that institutions are far fewer in number than individuals, thereby easing the administrative burden of allocating and auditing funds. Yet another option already employed to a degree in Canada is the use of tax credits or deductions for education. At present, postsecondary students, or their parents, may deduct the tuition fees from their income thereby receiving, in effect, federal and provincial grants equal to the taxes that would have been paid on an amount of income equal to the tuition. Also, expenditures for pre-school and other types of child care may be deductible for parents working outside the home. In theory, one might fund an entire educational Systems by providing parents with rebatable tax credits for educational expenditures. This approach has one advantage over vouchers and educational endowments in that individuals do all of the record keeping and, presumably, do not receive the rebate until well after the expenses have been incurred. One could place annual and lifetime limits on such credits in order to limit public liability and to ensure a degree of equity. Role of Regulation Regulation plays a critical role in the operation of our current publicly-funded educational system, and would continue to do so under any of the choice- enhancing options outlined above. Who can provide programs, what programs may be provided, who may teach in the funded programs, and the extent of funding provided are and would be controlled by provincial regulations. However, current regulations are excessive; a much lighter hand is needed. In the past two decades, neo-conservative economists have led a fight for the deregulation of the providers of many goods and services. Airlines, telecommunications, railroads, and now even zoning in urban areas are being deregulated in order to accommodate changing technologies and ensure that domestic industries are globally competitive. Educational regulations1 in contrast, remain virtually untouched across Canada. Ninety-five percent of the provision of educational services remains in government hands, and government has raised costs by elevating formal educational requirements for teachers, by strengthening union powers, and by requiring "pay equity"1 which in elementary and secondary education meant rewarding teachers who had never completed university with the same salaries earned by university graduates. Meanwhile, competent and trained teachers immigrating from other nations, or administrators from other provinces, remain ineligible for employment in Ontario. Even without changing the current structure of grants for elementary and secondary education, choice and efficiency in education can be enhanced, and overall satisfaction with education be increased, by simple regulatory changes that would include those agencies and persons currently excluded. New and lower cost teachers could be made available by recognizing overseas credentials and by ending the closed-shop monopoly of provincial teachers' unions. The number and types of programs available to students could be enhanced by allowing funds to follow secondary school students to colleges and universities if students wish to take postsecondary courses for secondary school credit, a policy pioneered a decade ago by the state of Minnesota. Recognizing overseas and out-of province certification could enhance the pool of skilled administrators available to lead educational institutions. These and scores of other regulatory changes could enhance choice, quality1 and efficiency with very little additional expenditure. Maximizing Satisfaction Ultimately, the goal of increased choice is to increase public satisfaction with educational services without increasing costs. The implications of the economist's perspective is that the provision of a greater array of choices enhances parent and student satisfaction by facilitating a better match between their preferences and the programs in which students are enrolled. Collectively, if every family experiences a better match with their own preferences1 then social satisfaction is increased. In all likelihood, many who have already taken the decision to opt out of the publicly funded system in order to participate in private schools or home schooling would more satisfied. No longer would they be outcasts among us: individuals whose preferences happen not to coincide with those who current make decisions for the publicly funded system. Such an inclusive system would recognize that provincial educational Systems have many potential providers of an education that would offer both a common core curriculum and unique services that are preferred by some. Conclusion Enhancing choice in education will lead, as it does in competitive free markets, to greater satisfaction by ensuring the preferences of diverse individuals are met. A common, light regulatory system that focused on key outcome areas, with regular meaningful assessments, would be adequate to provide feedback to parents and students and to ensure that the public interest is served. Reduction in the number and type of regulations that prevent competition among suppliers of educational services, be they teachers or institutions, would enhance internal efficiency, so that choice could be extended at no additional cost. There would be losers in such a choice-oriented reform. Some teachers might be paid less; some teachers and administrators might lose their jobs; some institutions might close. But more important are the winners: the students and parents. Our youth would be receiving a more satisfying education, and many new teachers and administrators, who are now trapped outside the system, would be able to practice. In the language of economist J. A. Schumpeter, this is the "creative destruction" that necessarily takes place in any dynamic economic system. In Ontario1 my own estimate is that the change experienced in implementing more choice-oriented regulation and funding will be considerably less than some might imagine. A number of groups — Roman Catholics, Francophones, many public school supporters — are already receiving the education that they desire at public expense. Extension of choice would probably include the 10% to 20% that are marginal to or outside of the current system. Also, change could be introduced in stages, beginning with the inclusion of more institutions within the elementary and secondary education funding system — community colleges, established private schools, and the like. Implementation of the recommendations on teacher collective bargaining in the Parojan report (1996) could be the second stage. The third stage could be creation of new institutions such as charter schools or the creation of schools outside of an institution's geographic boundaries. If little Penetanguishene Protestant Separate School Board could open schools across the province, then many who find their own religious views not currently available within the Roman Catholic or public Systems could recapture an option foreclosed by court decisions in recent years. It is probably neither desirable nor practicable to take all of these steps at once. What is important is to recognize is that loss of one ideal, that of a common school system that was home to all, is being replaced by a more powerful one, that of public system with a core curriculum that is offered by many different providers in order to ensure efficiency, effectiveness, and higher overall satisfaction with schooling. References Statistics Canada, 0'1Education at a Glance'~, Education Quarterly Review, Fall 1995, 2(3): 97-107. Eberts, R. W. & Stone, J. A. (1995) Economics of Teacher Unionism. in M. Carnoy (Ed.) International Encyclopedia of Economics of Education. Oxford: Pergamon. Lawton, S. B. (1996) Financing Canadian Education. Toronto: Canadian Education Association. Lawton, S. B., Ryall, M., & Menzies, T. (1996) Ontario Public Elementary/Secondary Education Costs Compared to Other Provinces. Toronto: Ministry of Education and Training. Parojan, L. (1996) Review of the School Boards "Teachers' Collective Negotiation Process in Ontario. Toronto: Ministry of Education and Training. Table 1 Expenditures, Students, Teachers for Elementary and Secondary Education by Province, 1982-83 and 1994~95~ Expenditure Students Teachers ($million) (thousands) (thousands) 82-83 94-95 82-83 94-95 82-83 94-95 Nfld. 392 618 143 107 7.8 7.7 PET 75 129 26 24 1.4 1.3 N.S. 563 959 183 155 10.7 9.8 N.B. 487 788 150 129 7.8 7.8 Que. 5,120 7,950 1,170 1,052 71.7 64.7 Ont. 6,323 14,367 1,879 1,901 95.0 130.5 Man. 785 1,442 220 201 12.3 12.6 Sask. 773 1,178 211 195 11.2 10.5 Alta. 1,813 3,189 462 512 24.6 28.4 B.C. 2,062 4,119 532 592 28.2 33.7 Yukon 82 5 5 .3 .4 N.W.T. 137 289 13 16 .7 1.4 Overseas 3 .2 .2 .02 Total 18,529 35,138 4,996 4,889 271.8 308.9 Table 2 Expenditures, Students, Teachers for Elementary and Secondary Education by Province, 1982-83 and 1994.95a (cont). Exp. Per Pupil Pupil-Teach. 1982 Avg. Sal. (dollars) C Ratio ($thousands) 82-83 84-95 82-83 94-95 Elem. Scc. Nfld. 2,746 5,794 18.3 13.9 29.4 32.7 P.E.I. 2,884 5,269 19.0 17.9 29.0 30.4 N.S. 3,080 6,202 17.0 15.8 33.2 35.6 N.B. 3,255 6,129 19.3 16.5 30.2 33.0 Que. 4,375 7,557 16.3 16.3 N.A. N.A. Ont. 3,365 7,556 19.8 14.6 34.4 39.3 Man. 3,562 7,181 178 16.0 33.2 36.4 Sask. 3,665 6,043 18.8 18.5 31.7 34.6 Alt& 3,923 6,222 18.8 18.0 N.A. N.A. B.C. 3,876 6,955 18.9 17.6 34.6 37.7 Yukon 15,754 18.8 12.0 40.2 43.7 N.W.T. 6,593 18,543 19.4 11.2 40.0 44.1 Total 3,709 7,187 18.4 18.3 33.6 37.8 a) Sources: Advance Statistics of Education~ 1984-85, Statistics Canada, catalogue No.81-220. Tables 2, 3, 6, 11. Education in Canada 1984, Statistics Canada, Catalogue No.81-229, Table 37. Statistics Canada, "Advance Statistics", Education Quarterly Review, Fall 1995, 2(3): 8g-96. Statistics Canada, "Education at a Glance", Education Quarterly Review, Fall 1995, 2(3): 97-107. b) Estimate. c) Expenditures per pupil arc calculated by dividing total expenditure for public and private elementary and secondary education by the total number of students. Estimated expenditure per pupil for each province for publicly financed and operated schools is given for 1982 in the preliminary figures given in Financial Statistics of Education, 198.2-83, Statistics Canada, Catalogue No.81-208. For the provinces, they are a, follows: Newfoundland, $2,435; P.E.I., $2,440; Nova Scotia, $2,671; New Brunswick, $2,487; Quebec, $4,357: Ontario $3,233: Manitoba $3,084; Saskatchewan, $3,075; Alberta, $3,300; and British Columbia, $3,502. Table 3 School Board Expenditures by Function, 1992 Function Expenditure Percentage Percentage ($1OOOs) Op.or Cap Overall 1992 1981 1992 1.981 1992 Teachers salaries 18,458,125 65.8 66.5 60.5 61.1 Instructional supplies 698,708 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.3 Administration 2,182,551 7.2 7.9 6.6 7.2 Conveyance 1,513,361 5.5 5-5 5.0 5.0 Plant operation 3,076,977 12.7 11.1 11.7 10.2 Other 1,823,586 6.1 6.6 5.6 6.0 Total operating exp. 27,753,578 100.0 100.0 91.9 91.9 Capital outlay 1,199,974 28.0 49.1 2.3 4.0 Debt charges l ,244.236 72.0 50.9 5.8 4.1 Total capital exp. 2,444.210 100.0 100.0 8.1 8.1 Total expenditures 30,197,788 100.0 100.0 Source: Financial Statistics of Education 1981-82, Statistics Canada, Catalogue No.81-208, Table 8. Statistics Canada, "Data Availability Announcements: School Board Revenues and Expenditures, 1992", Education Quarterly Review~ Spring 1995, 2 (1):69-73.
Pages to are hidden for
"The Economics of choice Assessing the Efficiency and Effectiveness of"Please download to view full document


text:
Tuesday, June 30, 2015PSW Staff 06/30/15 09:04 AM,Radial Engineering announces the updated version of the Space Heater is now shipping. The Space Heater is an eight channel tube summing mixer with high voltage tube overdrive. Company president, Peter Janis: "We first showed the Space Heater over a year ago and anticipated delivery mid-way in 2014. As we got closer to production, we discovered anomalies with tubes that were beyond our control. This forced us to pull back the product and redesign the circuitry to accommodate." "To understand… View this story
Filed in: Live Sound • Recording • News • Product • Amplifier • Analog • Manufacturer • Processor • Stage • Studio
Monday, June 29, 2015PSW Staff 06/29/15 11:34 AM,Beginning on July 20 at the Sam Ash location in Canoga Park, CA, multi-talented guitarist, composer and author Jennifer Batten will embark on a 26-city tour that includes a full demonstration of Fishman's TriplePlay Wireless MIDI Guitar Controller. With fellow musician Jesse Solomon, Batten will be hosting an up-close and personal event designed to educate, inspire, and motivate musical creativity. Along with Jennifer and Jesse, Fishman product specialists will be on hand to demo units that attendees can use to… View this story
Filed in: AV • News • Product • AV • Business • Education • Manufacturer • Processor • Studio
Tuesday, June 23, 2015PSW Staff 06/23/15 12:31 PM,AKG by Harman has introduced the DMM8 U and DMM14 U reference digital microphone mixers offering advanced DSP functionality and multiple routing options. DMM8 U and DMM14 U feature built-in DSP to ensure precise mixing of up to 80 and 140 channels, respectively, by cascading up to 10 units. Stereo audio outputs and USB connections offer additional routing options for both models. DSP functions such as EQ filters, compressor/limiter, and routing make the DMM8 and DMM14 effective for a variety… View this story
Filed in: AV • Live Sound • Church Sound • News • Product • AV • Digital • Interconnect • Manufacturer • Microphone • Mixer • Processor • Sound Reinforcement
Thursday, June 18, 2015PSW Staff 06/18/15 06:19 AM,Yamaha Professional Audio has announced the InfoComm 2015 launch of the new MRX7-D open architecture signal processor. The Company has a long history of open architecture processors dating back to the DME (Digital Mix Engine) and the more recently released MTX fixed architecture signal processor as a part of the Commercial Installation Solutions (CIS) Series. CIS also includes XMV Series multi-channel amplifiers and VXS/VXC Series speakers. The processor will make its debut at booth #727. The Yamaha MRX7-D was designed… View this story
Filed in: News • Product • AV • Digital • Ethernet • Installation • Manufacturer • Networking • Processor • Sound Reinforcement
Tuesday, May 26, 2015PSW Staff 05/26/15 08:44 AM,Audient announces that the bus-powered interface, iD14 is now shipping worldwide and available at all Audient dealers. Launched at this year's MusikMesse in Frankfurt, iD14 offers two channels of Audient's console mic pres delivering 10 in/4 out with Burr-Brown AD/DA converters, all in a compact desktop package. "The mic pres are exactly the same as those found in our flagship ASP8024 console and throughout the rest of the product range, delivering unbeatable audio quality for the price," says Tom Waterman,… View this story
Filed in: AV • Recording • News • AV • Digital • Digital Audio Workstations • Manufacturer • Processor • Studio
Wednesday, April 15, 2015PSW Staff 04/15/15 12:22 PM,Harman's dbx today announced the introduction of the goRack Performance Processor, loudspeaker management processor that enables a portable PA system to be optimized for sound quality. The goRack incorporates dbx's DriveRack series processing in a compact unit that fits into the palm of the hand. "The dbx goRack boils all the essentials of our industry-leading DriveRack processors into an affordable product that is incredibly simple to use," said Jason Kunz, market manager, portable PA and recording & broadcast. "With the… View this story
Filed in: AV • Live Sound • AV • Digital • Processor • Software • Sound Reinforcement
Wednesday, April 08, 2015PSW Staff 04/08/15 11:35 AM,Mercury Prize-winning producer Charlie Andrew, who rose to fame producing Alt-J's first two albums has recently added an Audient ASP880 eight-channel mic pre to his setup. Currently in his Brixton studio, working on an album with four-piece Mancunian band Money, he is using the new mic pre alongside his old ASP008 8-channel mic pre. "I'm a big fan of simplicity," continues Andrew. "The gain is basically pretty much all I put my hands on, and the phase buttons to make… View this story
Filed in: Recording • Analog • Digital • Engineer • Processor • Signal • Studio
Wednesday, November 19, 2014PSW Staff 11/19/14 12:53 PM,Eventide announced the formation of a strategic partnership with Yamaha to develop signature effects for a future update to its new flagship live sound console, the RIVAGE PM10. (Read more about this new console here.) The Eventide H3000 Live plug-in will include some of the most widely used signature Eventide effects used in the live sound industry. "We have the utmost respect for Yamaha's deep roots in the music equipment industry," states Ray Maxwell, Eventide vice president of sales and… View this story
Filed in: Live Sound • Recording • Church Sound • News • Product • Business • Consoles • Mixer • Processor • Signal • Software
Thursday, May 15, 2014PSW Staff 05/15/14 11:06 AM,Based in Clearwater, Florida and founded in 1984, APG Electric has grown from its humble beginnings into one of the Sunshine State's leading contractors, with 250+ employees and annual sales in excess of $40 million. APG Electric recently added a new engineering department and a new 22-room extension to house it. Included within the new office space is a state-of-the-art conference room, which will serve as a showcase for clients who are considering their conference room options and as a… View this story
Filed in: AV • News • AV • Business • Installation • Processor
Wednesday, April 23, 2014PSW Staff 04/23/14 01:07 PM,Erik Birkelöf is part of the recent Swedish musical movement – he's already been playing and recording for more than half his life (he is 19 years old) and is constantly honing his craft, with his most recent acquisition being a Lexicon LXP Native Reverb Plug-In Bundle. Birkelöf began playing classical guitar about 10 years ago and progressed to playing drums and other instruments. He soon bought his first computer audio interface in order to record himself – "and then… View this story
Filed in: Recording • News • Business • Processor • Software • Studio


text:
Book your room at East International Hotel
Please enter your travel dates.
East International Hotel is a 4 star business hotel which is located in the center of Suzhou. It is near from beautiful sights, walking street, meeting center, etc. There are 153 guestrooms with comfortable and safe accommodation. Living in the hotel, you can enjoy high speed internet access, 2 bottles of mineral water, and newspapers for free. Each room supplies color TV receiving international channels, IDD, DDD, VOD system, mini bar, etc. You can hold various meeting in any of 4 well equipped conference rooms. The Chinese restaurant has a banquet hall and several boxes in different design and decoration, serving delicious food that are famous in Suzhou. The enjoy leisure time, the best place is the bar or coffee hall where are filled with elegant atmosphere. In recreation centre, you will be served by sauna and massage , etc. Hope you have a good time here.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
24 Hour Front Desk, 24 Hour Room Service, 24 Hour Security, Air Conditioned, Coffee Shop, Guest Laundromat, Elevators, Executive Level, Florist, Free Parking, News Stand, Barber Shop, Ice Machine, Indoor Parking, Outdoor Parking, Parking, Play Ground, Public Address System, Restaurant, Safe Deposit Box, Sauna, Translation Service, Valet Parking, Wake-up Service, Multilingual, Porters, Barber/Beauty Shop, Lounge, Wireless Internet Access, Turndown Service, Internet Access – Complimentary, AM/FM Alarm Clock, Radio, Terrace, Bathrobes, Bath Tub, Bidet, TV, Hairdryers Available, Internet Access, Iron, Ironing Board, Mini Bar, Refrigerator, TV Remote Control, Safe, Sitting Area, Smoke Detectors, Sofa Bed, Telephone, VCR, WC, Shower, Free Newspaper, Modem Lines in Room, Trouser Press, Television with Cable, Satellite TV, Phone with speaker, Shops/Commercial Services, FAX, High speed internet access, Audio Visual Equipment, Business Center, Meeting/Banquet Facilities, Secretarial Service, City Center,
- 24-hour front desk
- Total number of rooms - 153
- Number of floors - 6
- Bar/lounge
- Business center
- Coffee shop or café
- Elevator/lift
- Gift shops or newsstand
- Hair salon
- Meeting rooms
- Multilingual staff
- Garden
- Porter/bellhop
- Restaurant
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Sauna
- Shopping on site
Room Amenities
- Balcony
- Air conditioning
- Free newspaper
- Phone
- Refrigerator
- Minibar
- Turndown service
- Bidet
- Hair dryer
- Iron/ironing board
- In-room safe
- Television
- Satellite TV service
- Room service (24 hours)
Nearby Things to Do
- Playground on site
Hotel Policies
Check-in time starts at 12:00:00
Check-out time is 12:00:00
Payment types


text:
Pronunciation: усвойте
Added on: 2013-01-17 Listened: 3 timesin: Add categories to усвойте
Pronunciation in Russian [ru]
- Pronunciation by maczka (Female from Russia)
0 votes
Could you do it better? different accent? Pronounce усвойте in Russian
Accents & languages on maps
- Random word: избавительница
Not satisfied?
Modify word:
· Add languages
· Add categories
Report word:
Is there anything wrong with this word?
Please report it here.


text:
Lyndall Racing Brakes for Café Racer
Results per page:
Results 1 - 6 of 6
Sort By:
$79.95 Lyndall Racing Brakes Rear X-treme Performance Brake Pads - 7058X
More Info
Part #: 1911496 Mfg #: 7058X
$79.95 Lyndall Racing Brakes Front X-treme Performance Brake Pads - 7059X
More Info
Part #: 1911497 Mfg #: 7059X
$64.95 Lyndall Racing Brakes Gold Plus Organic Brake Pads - 7059-GPLUS
More Info
Part #: 1901676 Mfg #: 7059-GPLUS
$64.95 Lyndall Racing Brakes Gold Plus Organic Brake Pads - 7058-GPLUS
More Info
Part #: 1901678 Mfg #: 7058-GPLUS
$51.95 Lyndall Racing Brakes Z-Plus Brake Pads - 7059-Z+
More Info
Part #: 199162 Mfg #: 7059-Z+
$51.95 Lyndall Racing Brakes Z-Plus Brake Pads - 7058-Z+
More Info
Part #: 199163 Mfg #: 7058-Z+
Results per page:
Results 1 - 6 of 6
Previous Next
At Dennis Kirk, you will find the best selection of Lyndall Racing Brakes for Café Racer. We carry more Lyndall Racing Brakes products than any other aftermarket vendor and have them all at the lowest guaranteed prices. Not only that, but we have them all in-stock and ready to ship to you today. Dennis Kirk has been the leader in the powersports industry since 1969, so you can rest assured that we have your back when it comes to bringing you the best Café Racer products from Lyndall Racing Brakes. All orders over $89 receive Free shipping. Plus we have a no-hassle return policy, so you can shop with complete confidence at Dennis Kirk!


text:
to explore
sign up (free!)
Below is the design ideas modern house with stunning interior beautifully. There are beautiful gardens and pools plus the Cold renag make this house a more comfortable and luxurious impression. This house has an interior design that is extraordinary and beautiful.
An Art-Filled California Home | Exquisite works of art and design achieve striking equilibrium in a Bay Area residence by interior decorator Steven Volpe and architect Lewis Butler | In the central hall, the skylight brightens an Ado Chale table from Hedge (the San Francisco gallery co-owned by Volpe, and the source of many of the house's furnishings); the work at left is by Random International, and at right is a piece by Anish Kapoor.
Contemporary Entrance Hall by Steven Volpe Design and Butler Armsden Architects in San Francisco, California
Related Pins
steven volpe lewis butler bathroom washbasins Sconces For piano room?
designer Steven Volpe, Marc du Plantier cabinet, Christian Marclay photograph, Jansen brass lamp, T. H. Robsjohn-Gibbings brass-and-marble lamp
House in London; Looks like an old dolls house has been made into a mirror mantle piece,
Concrete door!!! Bunker House by Estudio Botteri-Connell. Location: La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina


text:
United Continental Holdings to Expand Wi-Fi Service to More Than 200 Aircraft Using ViaSat Ka-band System
United Continental Holdings to Expand Wi-Fi Service to More Than 200 Aircraft Using ViaSat Ka-band System
Upcoming Events
More ViaSat News
- AcceleNet WAN Optimization
- Antenna Systems
- ASICs and IP Cores
- Aviation Broadband
- Broadband Systems
- Commercial Satellite Networks
- Corporate
- Data Links
- Financial
- Information Security
- Managed Wi-Fi Services
- Military Satcom
- Military Tactical Networking
- Mobile Broadband
- Optical Networking
- Satellite Services
- VSAT Networks
2011-03-22 -
United Continental Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: UAL) has announced that its wholly owned subsidiary Continental Airlines has executed a letter of intent with inflight entertainment provider LiveTV to offer inflight Wi-Fi via Ka-band beginning next year. Now the world's largest airline following the merger, the company will use the ViaSat Ka-band in-flight Internet access system over ViaSat-1, which will be the world's highest-capacity satellite upon its launch later in 2011.
Read the United Continental press release.
Read the LiveTV press release.


text:
Two legendary courses at the best Miami golf resort
Originally designed by Robert Trent Jones, Sr., Turnberry Isle Miami's 18-hole championship courses – The Soffer and Miller Courses - have been re-interpreted by golf icon Raymond Floyd. With contoured fairways, clever doglegs, rolling greens, perfectly carved bunkers, strategically placed water features and a variety of elevation changes to challenge and enthrall casual golfers and enthusiasts alike, Turnberry Isle Miami is a showcase of the best in Florida golf.
Guests interested in honing all aspects of their game can learn from the best. Join Turnberry Isle's resident golf pros, Hiro Suzuki - golf director for Robert Trent Jones, Sr. for 20 years and a former PGA of America 'Teacher of the Year,' along with Gary Knapp, South Florida PGA and the Southern Nevada Chapter of the Southwest Section PGA 'Teacher of the Year,' for one-on-one sessions.
Offered Monday - Saturday at 9 a.m., Turnberry Isle Miami's resident golf pros share their expert tips - from how to perfect your swing, to achieving a textbook short game. Lessons are available upon request. Proper attire is required.
Golf Groups
Our corporate outings provide the opportunity for your company to entertain employees, clients and guests in a relaxed intimate environment. Corporate events are available including tournaments and clinics. To learn more about our available Golf Group Packages, contact Jeff Stewart for more details at (305) 933-6929 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
Additional Features
Recent Awards
To contact our Golf Pro Shop, please call (305) 933-6929. (Forecaddies required for golf play)
The courses will be closed for play over the following dates:


text:
Plastic panels which are useful as automotive interior trim panels, interior door panels and the like decorative and structural panels, are made by a method which integrates insert sections in the surfaces of the panels and eliminates insert edge trim molding strips. The method includes bonding at least the edge portions of the inserts upon a thin plastic sheet, pre-sized blank, then removing the plastic sheet portions that overlap the insert within the bonded portions; next, positioning the blank in a mold against a mold face and molding in situ and simultaneously bonding a plastic substrate against the blank and the exposed surface of the insert. A substantially continuous, channel forming means, such as a narrow rib or a groove, on the mold face, is overlapped by the bonded insert edge portions and sheet portion, which are folded by said means to form a narrow, relatively deep channel. The insert edges are part of and, consequently, are concealed within the channel. The channel forms an edging around the insert in the completed panel surface. Thus, the composite sheet and insert forms an exposed, decorative surface on the molded plastic panel.
1. A method for forming molded panels, having inserts, for use as trim panels or interior door panels, comprising the steps of:
(a) forming a thin, flexible, sheet to a predetermined size and shape to provide a blank having an outer surface and an inner surface;
(b) positioning at least one, initially separate, insert upon the inner surface of the blank and bonding at least a substantially continuous narrow edge band portion to the blank portion which said edge band portion overlaps to form a laminated narrow border strip, wherein said narrow edge band portion defines a peripheral edge of the insert;
(c) positioning the blank with the bonded insert on a vacuum forming mold with the outer surface of the blank and the insert each positioned against a wall of the mold and with said border strip overlying a substantially continuous frame means formed on said mold wall, and vacuum forming the border strip into a narrow continuous channel in the frame means of the mold wall thereby arranging the insert edge band portion within the interior of said channel;
(d) providing a mold pair including two mold halves, transferring said blank into one of the mold halves while the mold pair is open, maintaining position of the blank in the mold half on the mold wall surface;
(e) closing the mold pair and applying and bonding a relatively thick plastic substrate in the closed mold pair against the inner surface of the blank after positioning the blank against the mold half for bonding together the overlapping surfaces of the blank and substrate;
(f) thereafter, removing the molded panel from the mold to provide a composite panel having an exposed exterior surface formed of outer surfaces of the blank and the insert and with the peripheral edges of the insert visually concealed within the channel that opens outwardly of the channel and which channel surrounds the insert and forms a border for the insert.
2. A method for forming molded panels as defined in claim 1, and including applying the substrate by molding the plastic, which forms the substrate, in situ within the mold against the inner surface of the bank.
3. A method for forming molded panels, having inserts, for use as trim panels or interior door panels, comprising the steps of:
(a) forming a thin, flexible, sheet to a predetermined size and shape to provide a blank having an outer surface and an inner surface;
(b) positioning at least one, initially separate, insert adjacent the inner surface of the sheet and bonding at least a substantially continuous narrow edge portion to the blank portion which said edge band portion overlaps to form a laminated narrow border strip, wherein said narrow edge portion defines an edge of the insert
(c) positioning the sheet and the bonded insert on a vacuum forming mold with the outer surface of the sheet and the insert each positioned against a wall of the mold and with said border strip overlying a substantially continuous frame means formed on said mold wall, and vacuum forming the border strip into a narrow continuous channel in the frame means of the mold wall thereby arranging the insert edge portion within the interior of said channel;
(d) providing a mold pair including two mold halves, transferring said blank into one of the mold halves while the mold pair is open, maintaining position of the blank in the mold half on the mold wall surface;
(e) closing the mold pair and applying and bonding a relatively thick plastic substrate in the closed mold pair against the inner surface of the sheet after positioning the sheet against the mold half for bonding together the overlapping surfaces of the sheet and substrate;
(f) thereafter, removing the molded panel from the mold to provide a composite panel having an exposed exterior surface formed of outer surfaces of the sheet and the insert and with the edge of the insert visually concealed within the channel.
4. A method for forming molded panels as defined in claim 3, and including applying the substrate by molding the plastic, which forms the substrate, in situ within the mold against the inner surface of the sheet.
This is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 798,576 filed Nov. 26, 1991, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,340,425 issued Aug. 23, 1994 which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 517,928 filed May 2, 1990, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,091,031 issued Feb. 25, 1992.
This invention relates to a composite, molded panel which may be shaped to form an interior door panel or an interior trim panel for a vehicle or to form similar types of panels used for other purposes. It is especially useful in producing vehicle interior door and trim panels having decorative inserts which differ in appearance and composition from other portions of the surfaces of the panels.
Interior door panels for vehicles are typically made by first forming a preselected size and shape foundation board made of stiff particle board, fiber board, or plastic board-like material. Then, one or more cloth-like sheets are fastened to the surface of the board. The board may also function to support other items, such as window regulator parts, small motors, wiring and the like, which are located upon or within the door. In many vehicles, the interor surfaces of the door panels are decoratively enhanced by adding inserts upon the panel. The inserts may be in the form of smaller sections or panels which may be formed, for example, of carpet-like sheets or sheets with heavily textured surfaces or sheets of different surface colors or material. Ordinarily, the joint line that appears around each of these inserts is a high frequency welt line or a fabricated trim strip which overlaps and conceals the raw edges of the insert and helps maintain the insert in place.
Typically, the interior door and trim panels of the type described above, are assembled out of separate parts which are positioned upon the foundation board and fastened together, one by one, to provide a complete panel assembly. This assembly is fastened within the metal or plastic door or within other parts of the interior of the vehicle. This technique for manufacturing interior door and trim panels is relatively time-consuming and expensive. Moreover, this limits the ability to significantly contour or curve the interior surfaces of the vehicle. For example, it is difficult to provide a curved or contoured foundation board and to cover such a curved board. Therefore, vehicle interior door surfaces are relatively flat and other trim surfaces are also of limited curvature.
Thus, this invention relates to a plastic molding method for making interior door and trim panels and the like, which may be curved, and which have different inserts molded in place, at reduced costs and with enhanced decorative appearances.
The invention herein contemplates molding a plastic panel by, first, preparing a thin, flexible plastic sheet which is sized and shaped to form a blank upon which sheet-like inserts of various types may be mounted. The inserts are bonded along their edges to the sheet and the portions of the sheet which overlap the inserts between the bonded areas are removed. This exposes most of the inner faces of the inserts through the blank. The blank, with the inserts, is positioned within a mold which has raised ribs that encircle the inserts. The ribs are positioned to contact the bonded edge portions of the inserts. Those bonded portions and adjacent sheet portions wrap around the ribs to form narrow, outwardly opening channels within which the raw edges of the inserts are concealed. Next, plastic molding material is placed within the mold and is molded in situ to form a relatively rigid plastic molded substrate whose exposed, outer surface is made up of the composite of the plastic sheet blank and the inserts of different materials and textures which are carried by the blank. The inserts are bordered by the channels.
Since the substrate is molded in situ within the thin plastic sheet blank, other objects may be simultaneously molded upon or within the substrate. For example, window parts, wires, drain tubes and the like may be molded within the substrate. Alternatively, the substrate may be provided with integral portions that are configured to receive or to mount exterior mechanical parts or trim elements. Thus, this method may economically produce, for example, an interior door panel which may have curved portions and which carries separately mounted or integrally formed arm rests or window controls or other items mounted thereon, while providing an enhanced decorative appearance.
A major object of this invention is to provide a method which produces panels that have inserts of different textures or types of materials for decorative enhancement, but wherein the normal edge trim molding which has been required in the past to conceal and protect the edges of the inserts may be completely eliminated. Thus, the molding method includes forming a channel that conceals the raw edges of the insert panels and, simultaneously, provides a decorative edging in the panel surfaces around the inserts.
Still a further object of this invention is to provide a method for rapidly and economically producing vehicle door panels and interior trim panels and the like with a minimum of labor and with better, more uniform quality than has previously been possible utilizing the typical panel assembly techniques which have been used in the past for making door interior panels and trim panels.
These and other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent upon reading the following description, of which the attached drawings form a part.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an automobile interior door panel which schematically illustrates a panel made in accordance with the method described herein.
FIG. 2 is a perspective, schematic view illustrating the placement of inserts upon a sheet blank.
FIG. 3 schematically shows heat bonding the edge portions of an insert to the blank.
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates the removal of the portion of the blank which overlaps the insert and the selvage portion of the insert.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged, schematic view of the heat seal blades welding the insert to the blank.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged, schematic view of the welded joint of the insert and blank.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged, schematic view of the joint of FIG. 6, but showing the removal of portions of the blank and insert.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged, schematic view of the insert aligned with the blank at their welded joint.
FIG. 9 is a schematic, cross-sectional illustration of a female, vacuum forming mold with a blank positioned above it.
FIG. 10 is a schematic, fragmentary section of the vacuum mold of FIG. 9, showing insert edge receiving grooves.
FIG. 11 is a schematic, cross-sectional illustration of the blank with an attached insert positioned within the vacuum forming mold cavity.
FIG. 12 is an enlarged, fragmentary cross-section of the mold groove with the insert edge portion positioned therein.
FIG. 13 schematically illustrates the molded blank lifted out of the vacuum forming mold cavity by a transfer mold half.
FIG. 14 schematically shows the molded blank positioned within a second transfer mold half.
FIG. 15 schematically shows the molded blank positioned upon the male half of the mold.
FIG. 16 is a schematic illustration of the mold closed by an opposite mold half so as to provide the complete molding cavity.
FIG. 17 is a schematic, cross-sectional view of a panel after molding the substrate.
FIG. 18 shows a modified vacuum forming mold.
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an example of an interior door panel 10 for an automobile. The panel 10 is illustrated as being formed with curved opposite ends. It is sized and shaped to fit within a sheet metal door for trimming the interior of the door within the passenger compartment of a vehicle. The panel includes, for illustration purposes, an upper panel insert 11 which may have an interior face formed so as to simulate a wood grain appearance. Similarly, a lower insert 12 is positioned in the panel and may be formed of a pile, carpet-like material, to simulate a carpeted section of the panel.
The panel may be provided with various openings or receptacle areas, after the molding is completed, to receive some of the hardware which is typically mounted within a vehicle door. These openings or areas may be cut or punched in the panel. For example, the panel may have a square or oblong opening 13 to receive a block of switches which operate the window actuating motors, and a round opening 14 which may receive a switch for actuating the exterior side view mirrors. Different size and shape openings and receptacle areas may be molded in the panel as required.
The interior surface 15 of the panel may be formed with embossments or may be textured. These decorative surface configurations may be formed during the molding of the panel door or may be preformed in the sheet or blank utilized in the molding.
The molding process involves starting with a sheet 18 which is cut or formed into a desired size to provide a blank for molding purposes. Preferably, the sheet is selected from a thin, plastic film, such as a 20 mil thickness vinyl plastic material. Other suitable plastic sheet materials, of appropriate thicknesses, may be selected for this purpose. The sheet may have a face which is pre-embossed or pretextured. Alternatively, it may be textured or embossed during the molding process in the mold.
The next step in the process involves positioning the inserts, as for example, the upper insert 11 and the lower insert 12, upon one face of the blank, as illustrated in FIG. 2. Next, the inserts are bonded to the blank by heat sealing or the like. For this purpose, high frequency welding or dielectric welding may be used. To illustrate this, FIG. 3 schematically shows an upper heat seal blade 19 and a lower heat seal base blade 20 forming a heat weld or bead 21. The heat seal blades may consist of moving heated elements or of a complete frame or platten unit which applies heat along the border portions of the insert for bonding the insert to the sheet. The specific welding machinery or equipment utilized for this purpose may vary considerably, depending upon availability, cost, nature of the bonding required for the particular plastic material involved, etc. Thus, those skilled in the art may select the appropriate equipment for this purpose from commercially available equipment.
As shown in FIG. 4, once the insert is bonded to the blank, the sheet portions 22 of the blank which overlap the insert and the selvage portions 23 of the insert are torn away. FIG. 6 shows the welded joint with the free insert selvage 23. FIG. 7 shows the tearing away of the unwanted portions of the sheet and insert. The removal of the portion of the sheet which overlaps the insert permits the insert to be arranged substantially coplanar with the sheet and exposes the insert face within a window-like opening in the sheet as illustrated in FIG. 8. That leaves the welded joint 21 surrounding the insert.
Next, the blank is placed within a female, vacuum forming mold 25 which is schematically shown in FIG. 9. This mold includes a molding cavity 26 and grooves 27 which are formed in the cavity surface and extend into the mold. The grooves form a continuous frame-like depression which outlines the insert and which is positioned to receive the welded joint 21 between the edges of the insert and the sheet.
The vacuum mold 25 has a vacuum chamber 61 formed beneath it, with a hose 29 connected to a vacuum pump (not shown). Numerous holes 30 extend through the mold from the vacuum chamber to the mold cavity surface. Air is sucked from the cavity surface to the vacuum chamber for pulling the blank into the cavity.
As shown schematically in FIGS. 11 and 12, where the blank, with an insert, is positioned within the mold cavity against the mold wall, the sheet and insert welded areas are folded into the grooves to form a sharp channel 28 in the molded blank. The channel 28 outlines the insert, like a free. The weld and the edge of the insert is concealed within this narrow, relatively deep channel.
Next, a transfer tool or mold half 30 having a lower surface 31, which is shaped correspondingly to the molded blank, is positioned with the mold 25. The molded blank adheres to the transfer tool and is lifted out of the vacuum forming mold 25, as shown in FIG. 13.
The transfer tool 30 is moved over a second transfer mold 33 and the molded blank is deposited therein (see FIG. 14). For that purpose the mold 33 is formed with a cavity 34 shaped to receive the molded blank. The second transfer mold is turned 180 degrees so that the molded blank is positioned upon a male mold half 35 (see FIG. 15) having a mold surface 36.
One, or both of the transfer tools may be omitted and, instead, the molded panel may be transferred by hand from the vacuum forming mold to the male mold half 35.
Then, as illustrated in FIG. 16, an upper, female mold half 37 is positioned to close the mold cavity 38 for molding the panel substrate 40 upon the molded blank.
The upper mold half 37 may include sub-cavity portions for molding interior parts integrally with the substrate. For example, a sub-cavity portion 41 may be provided for molding a bracket and another sub-cavity portion 42 may be provided for molding a ring or an enlarged boss. In addition, the upper mold half may include a suitable passageway 45 through which plastic may be injected or otherwise placed within the mold cavity.
When the mold is closed, a suitable plastic material may be injected into the mold cavity for injection molding the panel substrate 40 therein. The injected plastic material solidifies in the cavity. Alternatively, expandable plastic beads may be inserted in the mold cavity, either through the passageway 45 or they may be placed in the cavity before the mold is closed. The application of suitable heat for the necessary time causes the expandable beads to mold the substrate in situ within the cavity. After the plastic solidifies the mold panel 10 is removed therefrom.
The molded panel substrate 40 may include integral parts, such as the molded bracket 46, boss 47, and other separate parts positioned in the interior of the mold cavity. Passageways or openings or receptacles also may be formed in the panel during molding. By way of example, an electric motor for operating the window, or part of the window regulator mechanism or wires or switches or drain tubing used for draining water collected within a door, or the like may be positioned in the panel during molding. Also, during the molding process, embossments or texture may be formed on the surface of the sheet 18 by its engagement with the mold wall 36. Thus, the exposed surface of sheet 18, which forms the finished inner surface of the panel, may be provided with predetermined design appearances.
As shown in FIG. 17, narrow, deep channels 28 are formed by the folding or bending of the welded areas of the insert and sheet 18. A similar effect may be accomplished by forming ribs 50 on a modified vacuum forming mold 51 illustrated in FIG. 18. The ribs form a frame around the insert and are located so that the welded area of the insert 12 and sheet 18 are positioned upon the ribs. Thus, the insert edges and welded Joint are concealed in the channels that are formed.
The folded channels 28 around the inserts permit the elimination of the usual metal or plastic edge molding frames or strips which are commonly used in automotive trim panels to conceal and fasten the edges of inserts within their surrounding panel surfaces.
The method described above is particularly useful for molding door panels and, thereby, replacing conventional door panel assemblies which are made up of a number of parts that are fastened together. However, the method is also useful in forming other types of trim panels for vehicles as well as other types of panels for other uses. For example, an interior dashboard panel may be formed with inserts of various types molded in the surface of the panel. As another example, a molded headliner may be formed for use within the upper part of the passenger compartment of a vehicle. Inserts of various kinds may be positioned in the headliner panel. These inserts can be formed of a sound proofing material or of a decorative carpet-like material, etc.
The molding method is useful for producing panels made of a wide variety of materials. By way of example, the panel substrate may be formed of a substantially rigid, structural polyurethane plastic which is commercially available from various chemical companies. The particular plastic selected will depend upon the cost, availability, and ultimate use. Similarly, a commercially available, thin, flexible polyvinyl sheet, e.g., between about 0.050-0.150, or more specifically, between about 0.085-0.135 inches, may be used for the blank. Various commercially available insert materials, such as pile-like carpet, woven fabric materials or the like can be used for the inserts. The molding can be performed in a suitable, commercially available molding machine. Preferably, the V-shaped channels are in the order of between about 0.050-0.10 inches wide at their openings for concealing the welded edge portions.
The overall molded plastic panel is waterproof. Therefore, conventional water shields that typically are utilized within vehicle doors, for protecting the trim panel from water seepage due to water entering into the door cavity, are unnecessary and eliminated. This reduces the cost of the overall door assembly considerably.
This invention may be further developed within the scope of the following claims.
Patent Citations
Referenced by
Legal Events
Original Image


text:
N0UJR Cartoons
Various ham radio cartoons
By N0UJ [ Hits: 5662 | Votes: 6 | Rating: 6.17 ]
About N0UJR CartoonsThis resource is listed in dxzone.com under 1 categories. Its main category is Ham Radio Humor & Cartoons (ham radio humor cartoons related pages and links). "N0UJR Cartoons" is listed in our web site index since Wednesday Aug 4 1999 and till now received a total of 5662 hits.
- Internet and Radio/Humor - ham radio humor cartoons related pages and links
Rate this resourceN0UJR Cartoons received 6 votes for a total score of 6.17/10
The scale is 1 - 10, with 1 being poor and 10 being excellent.
Webmaster, add a Remote rating
N0UJR Cartoons - similar linksWe thought you might be interested also in these additional resources, currently listed under our Internet and Radio/Humor category:
Search DXZone.com
Main Categories
Sign up to our Newsletter
Get the latest news from The DXZone in your email. Service provided by Google FeedBurner


text:
The Race to the White Continent: Voyages to the AntarcticHardback
List price $31.07
Unavailable - AbeBooks may have this title.
Additional formats available
- Format
- Paperback $18.40
- Publisher: WW Norton & Co
- Format: Hardback | 288 pages
- Dimensions: 163mm x 243mm x 28mm | 677g
- Publication date: 18 October 2000
- Publication City/Country: New York
Product description
In the 1830s, much of the world was still unexplored territory to European and American travelers, and the forbidding Antarctic region represented perhaps the ultimate mystery. Was there, in fact, a new polar continent where James Cook during his voyages of the 1770s had encountered only "Firm Field and Vast Mountains of Ice?" The prospect of discovering a lucrative whaling ground made this as yet uncharted and unexploited region especially enticing. Three expeditions to the pole were launched simultaneously by the United States, France, and Britain, each nation vying to be the first to forge a path through the pack ice and venture farther south than any vessel had ever sailed before. The leaders of these expeditions paved the way for the explorers, traders, and whalers of what was to become known as the "Heroic Age" of Antarctic exploration. The Race to the White Continent is a colorful and captivating account of their travels and adventures.
Add item to wishlist
Other people who viewed this bought:
The Race to the White Continent
USD$18.40 - Save $6.51 26% off - RRP $24.91
USD$10.98 - Save $4.58 29% off - RRP $15.56
Below the Convergence
USD$14.00 - Save $4.68 25% off - RRP $18.68
Twelve Years a Slave
Mud, Sweat and Tears
USD$10.69 - Save $1.76 14% off - RRP $12.45
USD$11.07 - Save $4.49 28% off - RRP $15.56
Other books in this category
Into the Wild
USD$8.91 - Save $5.09 36% off - RRP $14.00
Mud, Sweat and Tears
USD$10.69 - Save $1.76 14% off - RRP $12.45
Twelve Years a Slave
Twelve Years a Slave
USD$5.06 - Save $3.51 40% off - RRP $8.57
USD$14.63 - Save $2.49 14% off - RRP $17.12
Mad, Bad and Dangerous to Know
USD$12.40 - Save $4.72 27% off - RRP $17.12


text:
Thanks for redeeming.{{else}}
Success! Thanks for repurchasing.{{/if}} {{else}} {{#if Expired}}
Increase my visibility!{{else}} {{#if IsMultiPack}}
{{#if HasMultiPack}} You have {{MultiPackCount}} top spot(s) left. Now loading you into the search listings... {{else}} You have used all top spots. Now loading you into the search listings... {{/if}}{{else}}
We are loading you into the search listing pages...{{/if}} {{/if}} {{/if}} {{/if}}
{{Current}} just saw you!{{/if}} {{#if LastTopSpotPurchaseIsMulti }} {{#if HasAnyTopSpot}}
{{#if HasFreeTopSpot }} {{ UnclaimedTopSpotFree }} Free {{/if}} {{#if HasPaidTopSpot }} {{#if HasFreeTopSpot }} & {{/if}} {{ MultiPackCount }} {{/if}} Top Spot{{#if Plural}}s{{/if}} Left{{else}}
0 Top Spot{{#if Plural}}s{{/if}} Left{{/if}} {{else}} {{#if HasFreeTopSpot }}
{{ UnclaimedTopSpotFree }} Top Spot{{#if Plural}}s{{/if}} Left{{/if}} {{/if}} {{else}} {{#if HasResults}}
{{Current}} see you now!{{else}} {{/if}} {{/if}}
You can now invite anyone to meet at your favorite Starbucks.
Limited-time feature
41 year old man | Whitestown, IN, USA | Seeking women 25-45 within 60 miles
Looking for a nice, honest, friendly guy? Look...
Looking for a nice, honest, friendly guy? Look no further! I'm very laid back(definitely a B type personality), although I can be quite competitive when it comes to playing games or sports. Over the years I've played soccer, volleyball, table tennis and Aussie rules football(had to try it one season). I'm shy, so getting out and trying new experiences has been difficult, but it sure would be a lot easier with a partner by my side! I'm open to trying or checking out almost anything at least once. Do you like to come home and tell someone about your day? I'm a good listener. Kick your shoes off, put your feet up and tell me all about it.(I also take special requests for foot or shoulder rubs if you've had a really long day) I am looking for someone who shares some of the same interests. Bonus points if you like to cuddle up while watching a movie or favorite TV show!
Dining out , Movies/Videos , Music and concerts , Playing cards , Playing sports , Video games
Soccer, Tennis / Racquet sports, VolleyBall, Walking / Hiking
I exercise 1-2 times per week.
I don't believe in astrology
I have Dogs
I have a small shih tzu mix who is a little sweetheart. She is shy at first(like me), but loves to cuddle once she knows and likes you(also like me!).
Middle of the Road
I generally like scifi/fantasy shows/movies/books. I like playing soccer and volleyball, and would love to find someone who also enjoys playing sports(not necessarily soccer and volleyball).
Wheel of Time series. Dragonriders of Pern. Currently working through Forgotten Realms.
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What he is looking for
|6'0" (182cms)
|3'0" (91cms) to 8'11" (271cms)
|Body type:
|About average
|No preference
|No preference
|Light brown
|No preference
|No Way
|No Way
|Other profession
|No preference
|$50,001 to $75,000
|No preference
|No preference
|Have kids:
|Yes, and they sometimes live at home (1)
|No preference
|Wants kids:
|No, but it's OK if my partner has kids
|Probably not, No, No, but it's OK if my partner has kids
|White / Caucasian
|No preference
|Christian / Other
|Christian / Catholic, Christian / LDS, Christian / Protestant, Spiritual but not religious, Other, Christian / Other
|Some college
|No preference


text:
Premier Program JOIN FREE!
Premier Members Enjoy:
Exclusive pricing and volume discounts
3% BACK on every purchase
Fast & FREE shipping on thousands of items
Save time with your account manager
Over 7 million products to choose from
Quick & easy PO terms for qualifying accounts
Buying for a business, school, or organization?Save even more with our FREE Premier Program for business professionals. CONTINUE
3M Scotch 3750 Commercial Grade Packaging Tape
3M Scotch 3750 Commercial Grade Packaging Tape
Weights & Dimensions
|Color: Tan
|Length: 55 Yd
|Product Type: Packaging
|Dispenser Included: No
|Core Size: 3 In
|Country of Manufacture: United States
About the Manufacturer3M has a history of investing in the communities in which they operate by providing jobs for local residents and supporting education, the environment, and social and economic development. 3M is also recognized as a leader in environmental protection and a pioneer in pollution prevention.
3M Scotch 3750 Commercial Grade Packaging Tape
Still have questions about this product? We're here to help
Customer Reviews
|5 star
|4 star
|3 star
|2 star
|1 star
Packaging securely
Mary from Waukegan, IL – Verified Buyer
This commercial grade packaging tape not only does not tear easily, but it secures to most surfaces, so whatever packaging you are trying to seal, it will do the job and not come off or peel. I used it to secure big boxes that were sent 1500 miles via a transport service that did not treat the boxes gently, but the packages arrived safely and the furniture pieces inside each box was in perfect condition. This tape was great to strengthen the packaging as well as seal securely all of the edges. I highly recommend it for whatever boxes you need to seal.
OUR SKU # TM2643Scotch 3750 Commercial Grade Packaging Tape is also sometimes listed under the following manufacturer numbers: MMM3750T


text:
MS squirrel seasons coming soon
JACKSON – With the first hint of cooler fall weather, many Mississippi hunters begin thinking about getting into the woods and hunting squirrels. Squirrel hunting is a great way to spend time with family or introduce youth and new hunters to the outdoors.
Once again, Mississippi's squirrel season dates are divided into three zones with a daily bag limit of 8 squirrels per day.
Latest News
Town, county wait to hear judge's ruling After a half a day...
Board splits over Chandler evaluation On June 10, the Board...
Kirkland tapped for Coaches' Hall of Fame The winningest boys basketball...
Hercules Hampstead Stage players...
New airman proves 'good' comes from Tunica "When the world...
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8


text:
I was disappointed. For the price I expected more. I loved the grounds and the sound of the river could be heard from the porch. We stayed in the Cottonwood. I thought it was way overpriced. You were allowed a certain amount of towels for bathing and the hot tub. There was little room to dry them out. No dishwasher but an extra charge if the dishes weren't done. Trash had to be taken out too.The cabin was nice but nothing special. Kitchen and bathroom were very small. No internet and cell phone service spotty.The hot tub was private and ok but not worth the extra money. All in all I was very disappointed.
- Also Known As:
- Shelly`s Cottages Hotel Lyons