text:
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
SPIRIT-IPY: List of Publications SPOT 5 stereoscopic survey of Polar Ice: Reference Images &
E-Print Network [OSTI]
, A. and Gallee, H.: Modeling the mass and surface heat budgets in a coastal blue ice area of AdelieSPIRIT-IPY: List of Publications SPOT 5 stereoscopic survey of Polar Ice: Reference Images stereoscopic survey of Polar Ice: Reference Images and Topographies during the fourth International Polar Year
Berthier, Etienne
Crossing the River: Xiangxi Miao Spirit Mediumship
one's own or the other clan, they can cause sufferings and misfortunes, and should be exorcised through performing rituals (Wu 2001: 72). However, rituals of exorcism are usually performed by the zimei medium after a period of several years... Crossing the River: Xiangxi Miao Spirit Mediumship By Copyright 2010 Hexian Wu Submitted to the graduate degree program in the Department of Anthropology and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial...
Wu, Hexian
Renewable Spirits LLC | Open Energy Information
Open Energy Info (EERE)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia:FAQ < RAPID Jump to: navigation, searchVirginia Blue Ridge AndREII Jump to:RFSL JumpSpirits LLC Jump to:
The Need for SPIRIT DEMs to Quantify Antarctic Ice Sheet
appropriate mask  SPIRIT has the data and could produce the necessary DEMs #12;Conclusions · Antarctic iceThe Need for SPIRIT DEMs to Quantify Antarctic Ice Sheet Discharge Robert Bindschadler NASA & UMBC #12;Antarctic Ice Sheet Discharge · 33 largest, most active basins account for 840 Gt/a (Rignot
E-Print Network 3.0 - aromatic white spirit Sample Search Results
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
white spirit Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: aromatic white spirit Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 International Journal of Mass...
TULSA JEANS "SPIRIT" PASS Support the Campus Campaign by purchasing a
TULSA JEANS "SPIRIT" PASS Support the Campus Campaign by purchasing a "Spirit" Pass and receive purchasing a spirit pass. Yes! I want to be ALL IN and purchase a Jeans "Spirit" Pass in support of Campus_________________________________________________________ Campus Add/Bldg___________________________________________________ Office Phone Number
Oklahoma, University of
SpiritMars Exploration Rovers National Aeronautics and
hemisphere landing site. The rover's position tilted its solar panels toward the Sun to maintain enough solar power for Spirit to continue making scientific observations throughout the winter. The Pancam began
Waliser, Duane E.
Japan's China Strategy
11, JANUARY 2012 Japan's China Strategy Sugio TAKAHASHIAsia with the ascendancy of China as a world economic power.War policy of "shaping" China into a model country while "
TAKAHASHI, Sugio
Holy Mother of Chiri Mountain: A Female Mountain Spirit in Korea
Spirit in Korea by Maya Stiller UCLA Center for the Study ofSpirit in Korea by Maya Stiller I n his case study of femaleand commoners alike. Maya Stiller is a graduate student in
Stiller, Maya
Japan's Nuclear Hedge: Beyond "Allergy" and Breakout
This chapter examines the future of Japan's hedged dependence on U.S. extended deterrence and encourages more imaginative thinking about potential outcomes and strategic implications as the second nuclear age unfolds.
Samuels, Richard J.
Sophia University Tokyo, Japan
Sophia University Tokyo, Japan About: Located in the center of Tokyo, Sophia offers a very diverse and vibrant atmosphere. Students who attend Sophia can go for any discipline within their Faculty of Liberal Offerings 3. Accommodations 4. Application Materials For more information visit: http://www.sophia
Duchowski, Andrew T.
On the polarization of non-Gaussian optical quantum field: Higher-order optical-polarization
SciTech Connect (OSTI)
Polarization of light signifies transversal, anisotropic and asymmetrical statistical properties of electromagnetic radiation about the direction of propagation. Traditionally, optical-polarization is characterized by Stokes' theory susceptible to be insufficient in assessing the polarization structure of optical quantum fields and, also, does not decipher the twin characteristic polarization parameters ('ratio of real amplitudes and difference in phases'). An alternative way, in the spirit of classical description of optical-polarization, is introduced which can be generalized to deal higher-order polarization of quantum light, particularly, prepared in non-Gaussian Schrodinger Cat or Cat-like states and entangled bi-modal coherent states. On account of pseudo mono-modal or multi-modal nature of such optical quantum field, higher-order polarization is seen to be highly sensitive to the basis of description. -- Highlights: •We have generalized the usual concept of optical-polarization. •A concept of higher-order optical-polarization is introduced. •This concept is applied to compute the polarization-parameters of non-Gaussian Optical field. •To the best of our knowledge, no study is performed which investigates such optical quantum field.
Singh, Ravi S., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Physics, D. D. U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur-273009, (U.P.) (India); Prakash, Hari [Physics Department, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, (U.P.) (India)] [Physics Department, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, (U.P.) (India)
Ethanol as Internal Standard for Quantitative Determination of Volatile Compounds in Spirit Drinks by Gas Chromatography
The new methodical approach of using ethanol as internal standard in gas chromatographic analysis of volatile compounds in spirit drinks in daily practice of testing laboratories is proposed. This method provides determination of volatile compounds concentrations in spirit drinks directly expressed in milligrams per liter (mg/L) of absolute alcohol according to official methods without measuring of alcohol strength of analyzed sample. The experimental demonstration of this method for determination of volatile compounds in spirit drinks by gas chromatography is described. Its validation was carried out by comparison with experimental results obtained by internal standard method and external standard method.
Charapitsa, Siarhei V; Kulevich, Nikita V; Makoed, Nicolai M; Mazanik, Arkadzi L; Sytova, Svetlana N
Japan HEU Removal | National Nuclear Security Administration
National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Japan | National Nuclear Security Administration
on Contributions to Global Minimization of Nuclear Material See a fact sheet here.The White HouseOffice of the Press SecretaryRecalling the history of Japan-U.S. bilateral...
Japan's Approaches to DefenseTransparency: Perspectivesfrom the Japanese and Chinese Defense Establishments
En- ergy Basic Law confines Japanese nuclear activi- ties tonot a formal law, Japan's "three non-nuclear principles" (
Fei, John
Animal Spirits: How Human Psychology Drives the Economy, and Why It Matters for Global Capitalism
ScienceCinema (OSTI)
In his lecture, Shiller discusses the premise of his 2009 book, coauthored with the Nobel Prize-winning economist George A. Akerlof. The book discusses how ?animal spirits,? or human emotions such as confidence, fear, and a concern for fairness, drive financial events, including today?s global financial crisis.
Robert J. Shiller
Diaspora without Homeland: Being Korean in Japan
in Japan: Pyong- yang's Abductions Spell Fallout forChongryun Af?liate over '80 Abduction. " 2006. Japan Times,like the North Korean abduction of Japanese citizens. From
Ryang, Sonia; Lie, John
Aerial Measuring System in Japan
The U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Agency's Aerial Measuring System deployed personnel and equipment to partner with the U.S. Air Force in Japan to conduct multiple aerial radiological surveys. These were the first and most comprehensive sources of actionable information for U.S. interests in Japan and provided early confirmation to the government of Japan as to the extent of the release from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Generation Station. Many challenges were overcome quickly during the first 48 hours; including installation and operation of Aerial Measuring System equipment on multiple U.S. Air Force Japan aircraft, flying over difficult terrain, and flying with talented pilots who were unfamiliar with the Aerial Measuring System flight patterns. These all combined to make for a dynamic and non-textbook situation. In addition, the data challenges of the multiple and on-going releases, and integration with the Japanese government to provide valid aerial radiological survey products that both military and civilian customers could use to make informed decisions, was extremely complicated. The Aerial Measuring System Fukushima response provided insight in addressing these challenges and gave way to an opportunity for the expansion of the Aerial Measuring System's mission beyond the borders of the US.
Lyons, C., Colton, D. P.
Japan`s refiner/marketers headed for major shakeout
Japan`s downstream oil industry is in a state of crisis and headed for a major shakeout. The major catalyst for this was a dramatic deregulation step during April 1996 that allowed refined petroleum product imports by non-refiners. The move, together with a sharp drop in refining margins, falling retail gasoline prices, and a service station sector on the brink of collapse, are all leading to massive changes in the way the country`s refiners and marketers do business. This paper reviews the collapse of corporate profits during this period of deregulation; the development of a new price system geared toward bringing the prices of gasoline, fuel oil, and kerosene into line with each other to offset the fall in gasoline prices; and industry restructuring including mergers, acquisitions, and marketing consolidation. The paper then makes predictions on the outcome of these changes on the Japanese oil industry.
FBIS report. Science and technology: Japan, December 10, 1996
Contents (partial): Japan: Fabrication of Diamond Single Crystal Thin Film by Ion Beam Deposition; Japan: Hitachi Metal Develops New Semi Solid Metal Processing Technology; Japan: NTT Develops Fuel Cell System That Uses Both City Gas, LPG; Japan: Daihatsu Motor Completes Prototype EV; Japan: NIRIM Announces Success With Synthetic Bone Development; Japan: Sandoz Pharmaceuticals Plans Clinical Trials of Gene Therapy to Cerebral Tumor in Japan; Japan: MITI To Provide Aid for Residential Solar Power Generation Systems; Japan: MELCO To Provide Satellite Solar Cell Panel for SSL, USA; Japan: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Leads Nuclear Research; Japan: Kobe Steel`s Superconducting Magnet Ready to Go Fast; Japan: MPT To Begin Validation Test for Electric Money Implementation; and Japan: Defense Agency to Send ASDF`s Pilots to Russia for Training.
Japan's Residential Energy Demand Outlook to 2030 Considering Energy Efficiency Standards "Top-Runner Approach"
L ABORATORY Japan's Residential Energy Demand Outlook tol i f o r n i a Japan's Residential Energy Demand Outlook toParticularly in Japan's residential sector, where energy
Komiyama, Ryoichi
FBIS report. Science and technology: Japan, May 7, 1996
;Partial Contents: Japan: FH1 Aerospace Division Executive on UAV R&D; JapaN: MHI Delivers First F-2 Flight Test Model; Nuclear Technologies; Japan: Nuclear Material Research in Cross-Over Research Project; Japan: MITI To Subsidize Development of Cryptography; Defense Industries; Japan: JADI Announces FY96 Major Events Schedule; Japan: Rollout Ceremony Held for First OH-X Flight Test Model; and Japan: KHI Weapons Designer OH-X Development.
Animal Spirits: How Human Psychology Drives the Economy, and Why it Matters for Global Capitalism
In his lecture, Shiller will discuss the premise of his 2009 book, coauthored with the Nobel Prize-winning economist George A. Akerlof. Winner of the getAbstract International Book Award and the 2009 TIAA-CREF Paul A. Samuelson Award for Outstanding Scholarly Writing on Lifelong Financial Security, the book, which has the same title as Shiller's lecture, discusses how "animal spirits," or human emotions such as confidence, fear, and a concern for fairness, drive financial events, including today's global financial crisis. John Maynard Keynes coined the phrase "animal spirits" to describe the changing psychology that led to the Great Depression and the recovery from it. Like Keynes, Shiller and Akerlof believe that government intervention is necessary to overcome the adverse effects on the economy brought about by unruly and irrational human emotions. In his talk, Shiller will explain how "animal spirits" lead to adverse economic effects, and he will outline his insights on how the global economy can recover from its recent setbacks.
Shiller, Robert J. (Yale) [Yale
Us-Japan cooperation on safeguards
There is a long history of collaborative safeguards development between the United States and Japan. Japan has built, and continues to expand, the largest civil nuclear fuel cycle under full-scope IAEA safeguards in world. This development has posed unique challenges to the international safeguards system. Safeguards developments made through the US-Japan cooperation to address these unique challenges have significantly impacted the technologies deployed for international safeguards applications around the world.
Beddingfield, David H [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Menlove, Howard O [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Hori, Masato [JAEA; Kawakubo, Yoko [JAEA; Mcclelland - Kerr, J [NNSA
Polarized internal target apparatus
DOE Patents [OSTI]
A polarized internal target apparatus with a polarized gas target of improved polarization and density achieved by mixing target gas atoms with a small amount of alkali metal gas atoms, and passing a high intensity polarized light source into the mixture to cause the alkali metal gas atoms to become polarized which interact in spin exchange collisions with target gas atoms yielding polarized target gas atoms.
Holt, Roy J. (Downers Grove, IL)
A polarized internal target apparatus with a polarized gas target of improved polarization and density (achieved by mixing target gas atoms with a small amount of alkali metal gas atoms, and passing a high intensity polarized light source into the mixture to cause the alkali metal gas atoms to become polarized which interact in spin exchange collisions with target gas atoms yielding polarized target gas atoms) is described.
Holt, R.J.
PASJ: Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan , 1??, c 2007. Astronomical Society of Japan.
PASJ: Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan , 1Â??, c 2007. Astronomical Society of Japan. Response of Solar 210008, China email@example.com 2 National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1, Osawa, Mitaka-ray data from the Hinode satellite to study the response of solar chromosphere and corona to the emerging
Li, Hui
Polar Shapelets
The shapelets method for image analysis is based upon the decomposition of localised objects into a series of orthogonal components with convenient mathematical properties. We extend the "Cartesian shapelet" formalism from earlier work, and construct "polar shapelet" basis functions that separate an image into components with explicit rotational symmetries. These frequently provide a more compact parameterisation, and can be interpreted in an intuitive way. Image manipulation in shapelet space is simplified by the concise expressions for linear coordinate transformations; and shape measures (including object photometry, astrometry and galaxy morphology estimators) take a naturally elegant form. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of astronomical survey images, and we test shapelet techniques upon real data from the Hubble Space Telescope. We present a practical method to automatically optimise the quality of an arbitrary shapelet decomposition in the presence of observational noise, pixellisation and a Point-Spread Function. A central component of this procedure is the adaptive choice of the shapelet expansion's scale size and truncation order. A complete software package to perform shapelet image analysis is made available on the world-wide web at http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~rjm/shapelets/ .
Richard Massey; Alexandre Refregier
Transformer Efficiency Assessment - Okinawa, Japan
The US Army Engineering & Support Center, Huntsville (USAESCH), and the US Marine Corps Base (MCB), Okinawa, Japan retained Idaho National Laboratory (INL) to conduct a Transformer Efficiency Assessment of "key" transformers located at multiple military bases in Okinawa, Japan. The purpose of this assessment is to support the Marine Corps Base, Okinawa in evaluating medium voltage distribution transformers for potential efficiency upgrades. The original scope of work included the MCB providing actual transformer nameplate data, manufacturer's factory test sheets, electrical system data (kWh), demand data (kWd), power factor data, and electricity cost data. Unfortunately, the MCB's actual data is not available and therefore making it necessary to de-scope the original assessment. Note: Any similar nameplate data, photos of similar transformer nameplates, and basic electrical details from one-line drawings (provided by MCB) are not a replacement for actual load loss test data. It is recommended that load measurements are performed on the high and low sides of transformers to better quantify actual load losses, demand data, and power factor data. We also recommend that actual data, when available, be inserted by MCB Okinawa where assumptions have been made and then the LCC analysis updated. This report covers a generalized assessment of modern U.S. transformers in a three level efficiency category, Low-Level efficiency, Medium-Level efficiency, and High-Level efficiency.
Thomas L. Baldwin; Robert J. Turk; Kurt S. Myers; Jake P. Gentle; Jason W. Bush
aso volcano japan: Topics by E-print Network
Energy Organisation Text and Picture Copyright 2004 AFP. All 473 Creating the wholesale market for electricity in Japan : what should Japan learn from major markets in the...
area central japan: Topics by E-print Network
Energy Organisation Text and Picture Copyright 2004 AFP. All 272 Creating the wholesale market for electricity in Japan : what should Japan learn from major markets in the...
United States and Japan Sign Joint Nuclear Energy Action Plan...
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
Japan Sign Joint Nuclear Energy Action Plan to Promote Nuclear Energy Cooperation United States and Japan Sign Joint Nuclear Energy Action Plan to Promote Nuclear Energy...
Role of Nuclear Energy in Japan Post–Fukushima.
?? The purpose of this paper, "Role of Nuclear Energy in Japan Post – Fukushima: Alternatives and their Impact onJapan's GHG Emission Targets", is to… (more)
Niazi, Zarrar
SAFETY TRIP REPORT ON US-JAPAN EXCHANGE PROGRAM (FuY 2007) #12;Report on the 12th Meeting of the Joint Working Group of the U.S.-Japan Coordinating Committee of Fusion Energy on Safety in Inter-Institutional Collaborations (U.S.-Japan Safety Monitoring Program) Meeting in Japan, March 9-22, 2008 #12;A. PURPOSE
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
Japan Completes First Offshore Production Test .............................1
1 CONTENTS Japan Completes First Offshore Production Test .............................1 New Reservoirs in the Offshore Caribbean Region of Colombia..........................................7 CSEM Survey of a Methane Vent Site, Offshore West Svalbard...12 Pressure Core Analysis Tools Used
Physics in Collision 2009 -- Kobe, Japan
Dr. Yuji Yamazaki, a host of the Physics in Collision 2009 conference, and Dr. Thomas Muller, who will host the conference in 2010, talk about PIC 2009 in Kobe, Japan.
Dr. Yuji Yamazaki
A Dynamic Defense Force for Japan
Japan Self-Defense Forces (SDF). Along with the new NDPG,set a direction for the SDF in the post-9/11 inter- nationalsituation also requires the SDF take on these "dynamic"
Process of designing city housing in Japan
pose of this thesis is to show one design approach to providing more preferable housing for users in Japan. Chapter 1 gives an overview of trends in Japanese housing construction, describes user requirements, analyzes ...
Kurokawa, Shoji
Entrepreneurship in Japan's ICT Sector: Opportunity and Protection from Japan's Telecommunications Regime Shift
Hideaki. 2007. Corporate Governance in Japan. Oxford, UK:capitalism, such as corporate governance, employment, andwith alternative corporate governance structures, cor-
Kushida, Kenji E
Status of LMFBR development project in Japan
Initiation of the LMFBR development project in Japan was decided by the Atomic Energy Commission of Japan in 1966. In 1967, the Power Reactor and Nuclear Fuel Development Corporation (PNC) was established to realize the project as a part of its tasks of a wide scope covering all the research and development activities concerning fuel cycle. In the present paper the status of experimental fast reactor (Joyo), which is the first milestone of the LMFBR project, prototype fast reactor (Monju) and R and D activities supporting the project including that for larger LMFBRs in the future is described.
Nagane, G.; Akebi, M.
Characterizing Inter-domain Rerouting after Japan Earthquake
tsunami along parts of the country's coastline. Nuclear power plant and Japan's largest electric utility that 10 out of 19 monitored paths from Europe, US, Australia and Japan to HARNET (The Hong Kong Academic
Chang, Rocky Kow-Chuen
ABORATORY Japan's Residential Energy Demand Outlook to 2030o r n i a Japan's Residential Energy Demand Outlook to 2030residential sector, where energy demand has grown vigorously
Foreign Fishery Developments Japan's 1975 Fish Catch Within 200 Miles
forcign nation, \\~ a, aD )ut 12 percent Ie" than in 1974. The Japane...~ Fi , heric, ge nc) reponedl
September 22th , 2013, Nagoya, Japan.
September 22th , 2013, Nagoya, Japan. http://www.inria.fr/sophia/asclepios/events/MFCA113 http://hal.inria.fr/MFCA Anatomy (MFCA) workshop aims at fostering the interactions between the mathematical com- munity around Xavier Pennec General Chair MFCA'13 1 http://www.inria.fr/sophia/asclepios/events/MFCA06/ 2 http://www.inria.fr/sophia/asclepios/events/MFCA
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
1940 Japan-America Student Conference
at the base of Japanese-American relations. That Halsema was as insightful as he was can surely be attributed to his native intelligence and to his education and in particular, to his exposure to Asia including Japan from his earliest childhood."—Goodman...
Halsema, James; Goodman, Grant K.; Torii, Hiroshi; Ishikawa, Haruko
by DoCoMo, known as PDC (Per- sonal Digital Communications).of the 1990s (Funk 2002). PDC also contributed to Japan'ssubstantial redesigns due to PDC's incompatibility with
The Tokai Reprocessing Issue: Japan's Rise to Elite Nation Status in the 1970s
presidential candidate in 1976, Jimmy Carter was "the firstover what Japan did with Jimmy Carter, "Nuclear Power PolicyFebruary 18-July 11, 1977 Jimmy Carter first alluded to a
Shih, Ashanti
Japan's Defense Industry, Science and Technology in the Northeast Asia Strategic Landscape
and capabilities of the SDF; and force structure. The NDPGof U.S. forces and the SDF in Japan are located within theFu- kushima showed, the SDF lacks unmanned ISR capabilities.
Atlas of Japan (East) Sea hydrographic properties in summer, 1999
Atlas of Japan (East) Sea hydrographic properties in summer, 1999 Lynne D. Talley a,*, Pavel: Japan sea; Ocean chemistry; Ocean atlas; Marginal seas; Water masses 1. Introduction The Japan or East (Talley et al., 2004a). Here we present a comprehensive atlas of the methods and property distributions
Talley, Lynne D.
Polar axis solar collector
A polar column solar collector is described for use in association with a building, the system having a concave mirror located on the exterior of the building and defining a focal point and a central axis, a mounting column secured to the mirror coaxial therewith, a polar axis column, a hinge swingably connecting the mounting column to the polar axis column for moving the concave mirror to aim it directly at the sun at least over a predetermined period of the daylight hours, a secondary reflector located at the focal point of the concave mirror to receive the sun's rays reflected from the concave mirror, an opening in the concave mirror to receive a concentrated beam of the sun's rays reflected from the secondary reflector and to direct the beam along the mounting column, a third reflector movably located at the junction of the mounting column and the polar axis column to receive the concentrated beam of the sun's rays from the secondary reflector reflected through the opening, and to redirect it along the polar axis column, and a polar column rotator for rotating at least a portion of the polar column to track the movement of the sun. 7 figs.
Ludlow, G.T.
Energy R and D in Japan
In 1997, the public and private sectors in Japan invested $90.3 billion in R and D. Japan is the second largest supporter of R and D after the United States. A very large percentage (79.4%) of all R and D in Japan is supported by the private sector. The prolonged economic recession that has plagued the Japanese economy for most of the 1990s has significantly reduced the scale of the Japanese R and D effort compared to what it would have been had the economy been more robust. The Japanese government has recently attempted to bring the economy out of this recession through the use of economic stimulus packages. These stimulus packages have contained significant new funding for R and D, although it is apparent that much of the funding is going to R and D programs and R and D construction projects with very near tern payoff and not to the support of longer term R and D. In 1998, the Japanese government devoted 13.7% of all public R and D funds to the support of energy R and D. The priority accorded to energy R and D in Japan is significantly higher than in any other industrialized nation. The Japanese energy R and D program, which was funded at $2.5 billion in 1997, is overwhelmingly focused on nuclear energy R and D. Nuclear energy R and D (fission and fusion) accounts for 75% of the total national energy R and D budget. The fission energy R and D effort has decreased nearly 24% since 1996 as the government attempts to refocus this program in the face of growing public opposition to the Japanese government's efforts to expand the nuclear power program. Energy efficiency R and D (8% of the total national energy R and D budget) and renewable energy R and D receive relatively modest support from the Japanese government.
J.J. Dooley
Survey of ceramic machining in Japan
This report is a compilation of four subcontract reports provided by B. P. Bandyopadhyay who, while a visiting professor at Toyohashi University in Japan, conducted a survey of ceramic machining technology in that country from January 1 through December 31, 1992. Various aspects of machining technology were surveyed: types of parts being produced, types of ceramic materials being used, the nature of current ceramic machining research and development, and types of machine tools. The four separate reports compiled here were originally provided in a narrative, chronological form, and some of the information has been reorganized into topical areas for this compilation. This report is organized into three sections: The first describes ten ceramic machining research and development organizations and provides a reference list of their current technical publications; the second, two major trade shows; and the third, several other products and commercial developments noted during the course of Bandyopadhyay`s stay in Japan. An Appendix lists key individuals who are currently conducting ceramic machining research in Japan.
Bandyopadhyay, B.P. [North Dakota Univ., Grand Forks, ND (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering] [North Dakota Univ., Grand Forks, ND (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; Blau, P.J. [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)] [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)
BACKWARD np SCATTERING WITH A POLARIZED TARGET
were polarized by dynamic nuclear orientation. The averagetarget e similar in nuclear composition to the polarized
United States, France and Japan Increase Cooperation on Sodium...
in proliferation-resistant technologies. In September 2007 China, France, Japan, Russia and the United States hosted the second GNEP Ministerial in Vienna, Austria where 35...
Overview of Thermoelectric Power Generation Technologies in Japan...
of Thermoelectric Power Generation Technologies in Japan Discusses thermoelectric power generation technologies as applied to waste heat recovery, renewable thermal energy...
Fact #723: April 16, 2012 Japan's Earthquake and Tsunami Resulted...
and losses for Japan's seven major automakers. Automotive News contacted individual companies to collect data on the losses resulting from the event. For the one year period...
JAPAN GOING TOWARD FOREST CERTIFICATION September 24, 2004
IN JAPAN ............................... 3 ISO14001 (International Organization for Standardization customers are becoming aware of forest certification. In addition to the widespread of international
atsugi kanagawa japan: Topics by E-print Network
States and Europe? MIT - DSpace Summary: The movement of deregulation in Japan's electric power industry started in 1995 with the revision of the Electric Utility Industry...
applications kyoto japan: Topics by E-print Network
targets for Japan, Canada, and Russia, and provision of access to unrestricted emissions trading. We analyze the costs of implementation and the environmental effectiveness of...
Why did the solar power sector develop quickly in Japan? .
??The solar power sector grew quickly in Japan during the decade 1994 to 2003. During this period, annual installations increased 32-fold from 7MW in 1994… (more)
Rogol, Michael G
Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization
Cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy is our richest source of cosmological information; the standard cosmological model was largely established thanks to study of the temperature anisotropies. By the end of the decade, the Planck satellite will close this important chapter and move us deeper into the new frontier of polarization measurements. Numerous ground--based and balloon--borne experiments are already forging into this new territory. Besides providing new and independent information on the primordial density perturbations and cosmological parameters, polarization measurements offer the potential to detect primordial gravity waves, constrain dark energy and measure the neutrino mass scale. A vigorous experimental program is underway worldwide and heading towards a new satellite mission dedicated to CMB polarization.
James G. Bartlett
Activities of Building Commissioning in Japan
and BackgroundIntroduction and Background #0;?#0;?#0;?#0;? Activities of Building CActivities of Building C??in Japanin Japan ?? IBEC Activity for IEA/Annex40,47IBEC Activity for IEA/Annex40,47 ?? SHASE Activity for Commissioning GuidelineSHASE Activity... ?Commissioning Committee BCA(USA)Total Building Cx 2000YamatakeResearch Center 2003Tokyo Harumi IsrandDHCElectric Co. T-bldg. BSCA IEA/Annex40, 47 CxProcess NIST IBEC,Jp PECI/NCBCCxProjects ASHRAE GSA DOE. Hong KongBldg. CxCenter UKCIBSE/BSRIA 2005?Red Cross...
Yanagihara, R.
Sonix Japan Inc | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia:FAQ < RAPID Jump to:Seadov Pty Ltd Jump to:InformationSolergyAddison, PennsylvaniaSomervellSonix Japan Inc
Japan: Energy Resources | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 No revision hasInformation Earth's Heat JumpInc Place: EdenOverview Jump to:Jamestown, Colorado: EnergyJapan
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization of [superscript 17] O: Direct Polarization
Dynamic nuclear polarization of [superscript 17]O was studied using four different polarizing agents: the biradical TOTAPOL and the monoradicals trityl and SA-BDPA, as well as a mixture of the latter two. Field profiles, ...
Michaelis, Vladimir K.
The polarized EMC effect
We calculate both the spin independent and spin dependent nuclear structure functions in an effective quark theory. The nucleon is described as a composite quark-diquark state, and the nucleus is treated in the mean field approximation. We predict a sizable polarized EMC effect, which could be confirmed in future experiments.
W. Bentz; I. C. Cloet; A. W. Thomas
Bentz, W. [Department of Physics, Tokai University, Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa 259-1292 (Japan); Cloet, I. C. [Special Research Centre for the Subatomic Structure of Matter, University of Adelaide, SA 5005 (Australia); Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, Newport News, VA 23606 (United States); Thomas, A. W. [Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, Newport News, VA 23606 (United States)
E-Print Network 3.0 - area northeast japan Sample Search Results
earthquakes in northeast Japan may have been... underesti- mated due to the low Q in the ocean outside northeast Japan. Residuals between 2 and 2 are used... ) and northeast Japan...
Sun-Sentinel How Florida's nuclear plants compare to Japan's
Sun-Sentinel How Florida's nuclear plants compare to Japan's By Julie Patel March 17, 2011 01:35 PM What went wrong at the Fukushima nuclear plant in Japan and how are Florida's nuclear plants prepared to deal with similar problems? Nuclear operators in Florida say the biggest risk their plants face is from
Belogay, Eugene A.
THz Dynamic Nuclear Polarization NMR
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) increases the sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy by using high frequency microwaves to transfer the polarization of the electrons to the nuclear spins. The ...
Nanni, Emilio Alessandro
Inside the Castle Gates: How Foreign Corporations Nagivate Japan's Policymaking Processes
Abraham, John. "The Pharmaceutical Industry as a PoliticalNeimeth, Robert. "Japan's Pharmaceutical Industry: PostwarUnderstanding the Pharmaceutical Industry]. Tokyo, Japan:
Kushida, Kenji Erik
Leading without Followers: How Politics and Market Dynamics Trapped Innovations in Japan's Domestic Galapagos Telecommunications Sector
Japan leading without followers in telecommunications by presenting the four technologyJapan's domestic telecommunications market from global markets despite leading in particular technologies
US & Japan TG 4 Activities of QA Forum | Department of Energy
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
& Japan TG 4 Activities of QA Forum US & Japan TG 4 Activities of QA Forum Presented at the PV Module Reliability Workshop, February 26 - 27 2013, Golden, Colorado...
E-Print Network 3.0 - aichi prefecture japan Sample Search Results
National efforts urged to win ITER location in Japan Japan Business Federation... Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor to Aomori Prefecture. "The Japanese business community should...
2nd US-Japan Workshop on Soil-Structure Interaction, Tsukuba Science City, Japan, March 6-8, 2001
2nd US- Japan Workshop on Soil-Structure Interaction, Tsukuba Science City, Japan, March 6-8, 2001 with an iterative computational scheme first proposed by Seed & Idriss, 1969. Laboratory experimental data (Laird strain amplitude, overestimate the capacity of soil to dissipate energy. On the other hand, the iterative
Entekhabi, Dara
EUVE Spectroscopy of Polars
An admittedly pedantic but hopefully useful and informative analysis is presented of the EUVE 70--180 Angstrom spectra of nine polars. These spectra are fit with three different models---a blackbody, a pure-H stellar atmosphere, and a solar abundance stellar atmosphere---to reveal the presence of spectral features such as absorption lines and edges, and to investigate the sensitivity of the derived (kT, N_H, solid angle) and inferred (fractional emitting area, bolometric luminosity) parameters to the model assumptions. Among the models tested, the blackbody model best describes the observed spectra, although the untested irradiated solar abundance stellar atmosphere model is likely a better overall description of the EUV/soft X-ray spectra of polars.
Christopher W. Mauche
Theory of Polar Blue Phases
In liquid crystals, if flexoelectric couplings between polar order and director gradients are strong enough, the uniform nematic phase can become unstable to formation of a modulated polar phase. Previous theories have predicted two types of modulation, twist-bend and splay-bend; the twist-bend phase has been found in recent experiments. Here, we investigate other types of modulation, using lattice simulations and Landau theory. In addition to twist-bend and splay-bend, we also find polar blue phases, with 2D or 3D modulations of both director and polar order. We compare polar blue phases with chiral blue phases, and discuss opportunities for observing them experimentally.
Shaikh M. Shamid; David W. Allender; Jonathan V. Selinger
Polarization preserving quantum nondemolition photodetector
A polarization preserving quantum nondemolition photodetector is proposed based on nonlinearities obtainable through quantum coherence effects. An atomic level scheme is devised such that in the presence of strong linearly polarized drive field a coherent weak probe field acquires a phase proportional to the number of photons in the signal mode immaterial of its polarization state. It is also shown that the unavoidable phase-kicks resulting due to the measurement process are insensitive to the polarization state of the incoming signal photon. It is envisioned that such a device would have tremendous applicability in photonic quantum information proposals where quantum information in the polarization qubit is to be protected.
K. T. Kapale
Country Report on Building Energy Codes in Japan
This report is part of a series of reports on building energy efficiency codes in countries associated with the Asian Pacific Partnership (APP) - Australia, South Korea, Japan, China, India, and the United States of America (U.S.). This reports gives an overview of the development of building energy codes in Japan, including national energy policies related to building energy codes, history of building energy codes, recent national projects and activities to promote building energy codes. The report also provides a review of current building energy codes (such as building envelope, HVAC, and lighting) for commercial and residential buildings in Japan.
Evans, Meredydd; Shui, Bin; Takagi, T.
Electrically controlling the polarizing direction of a graphene polarizer
We theoretically demonstrate a polarizer with an electrically controllable polarizing direction in the far infrared range using two orthogonal periodic arrays of graphene ribbons, which have different widths and are supported on a dielectric film placed on a thick piece of metal. The operation mechanism originates from the polarization-dependent resonant absorption of the two orthogonal graphene ribbons, which can be respectively controlled with different external bias voltages. The operation wavelength can be expanded to terahertz (THz) radiation.
Zhu, Z. H., E-mail: email@example.com; Qin, S. Q. [College of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073 (China); State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073 (China); Guo, C. C.; Liu, K.; Zhang, J. F.; Ye, W. M.; Yuan, X. D. [College of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073 (China)
Japan's delayed antinuclear power mobilization after 3.11
The meltdown of Fukushima Daiichi's nuclear plant was one of three disasters that rocked Japan on 11 March 2011, a day often referred to as "3.11." This nuclear accident led to increased attention to and disapproval of ...
Teo, Lin Ern Charis
Climate Change Taxes and Energy Efficiency in Japan
In 2003 Japan proposed a Climate Change Tax to reduce its CO2 emissions to the level required by the Kyoto Protocol. If implemented, the tax would be levied on fossil fuel use and the revenue distributed to several sectors ...
Kasahara, Satoru.
Application of lean enterprise concept to construction firms in Japan
Construction firms in Japan are struggling with the change in construction industry environment and need a new business model to meet the change. On the other hand, Japanese manufacturing companies, especially automobile ...
Taguchi, Hiroshi, 1973-
Democratization and the development of Japan's uneven welfare state
Comparative data reveal that Japan consistently has had one of the highest poverty rates among advanced industrialized nations, yet its government taxes the poor more heavily and gives them less in public cash transfers ...
Shimabukuro, Yumiko T
The Cost of Kyoto Protocol Targets: The Case of Japan
This paper applies the MIT Emissions Prediction and Policy Analysis (EPPA) model to analysis of the cost of the Kyoto Protocol targets, with a special focus on Japan. The analysis demonstrates the implications of the use ...
Paltsev, Sergey.
Secondary residential demand trends in contemporary Japan and North Asia
This research paper attempts to address the opportunity and challenges for Vacation Residential Development in North Asia, with specific geographic focus on Japan first through an analysis of national and regional consumption, ...
Lam, Michael M
Formation of polar ring galaxies
Polar ring galaxies are peculiar systems in which a gas rich, nearly polar ring surrounds an early-type or elliptical host galaxy. Two formation scenarios for these objects have been proposed: they are thought to form either in major galaxy mergers or by tidal accretion of the polar material from a gas rich donor galaxy. Both scenarios are studied through N-body simulations including gas dynamics and star formation. Constraints on physical parameters are drawn out, in order to determine which scenario is the most likely to occur. Polar ring galaxies from each scenario are compared with observations and we discuss whether the accretion scenario and the merging scenario account for observational properties of polar ring galaxies. The conclusion of this study is that the accretion scenario is both the most likely and the most supported by observations. Even if the merging scenario is rather robust, most polar ring galaxies are shown to be the result of tidal gas accretion events.
F. Bournaud; F. Combes
Study on concrete cask storage of spent fuel in Japan
The present report describes the status of the first year`s work of a five-year-long study on concrete cask storage of spent fuel in Japan. Firstly, the proposed study program is elaborated to clarify the position of the present work. Then, the results of the study which have been obtained so far are described and the technical issues are addressed to make the concrete cask storage viable in Japan.
Itoh, C. [Central Research Inst. of Electric Power Industry, Abiko, Chiba (Japan). Nuclear Fuel Cycle Dept.; Onodera, A.; Yamada, N. [Hitachi Zosen Corp., Tokyo (Japan). Nuclear Div.
Introduction of clean coal technology in Japan
Coal is an abundant resource, found throughout the world, and inexpensive and constant in price. For this reason, coal is expected to play a role as one of the energy supply sources in the world. The most critical issues to promote utilization of coal are to decrease the environmental load. In this report, the history, outline and recent developments of the clean coal technology in Japan, mainly the thermal power generation technology are discussed. As recent topics, here outlined first is the technology against global warming such as the improvement of steam condition for steam turbines, improvement of power generation efficiency by introducing combined generation, carbon neutral combined combustion of biomass, and carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technology. Also introduced are outlines of Japanese superiority in application technology against NOx and SO{sub 2} which create acid rain, development status of the technical improvement in the handling method for coal which is a rather difficult solid-state resource, and utilization of coal ash.
Takashi Kiga [Japan Coal Energy Center (JCOAL), Tokyo (Japan). R and D Department
EU, Japan call for dialogue amid row on breakthrough nuclear project The European Union and Japan each called Wednesday for dialogue among the six partners on
if Japan did not host ITER. Japan has also said it is ready to discuss compromises. Nuclear Power Plant Discount new & used items. affil Search for nuclear power plant now! American Nuclear Society Nuclear Power Plant Wall Maps published by Nuclear News Ads by Goooooogle 12/1/04 10:30 AMEUbusiness - EU, Japan call
Polar Explorer References Raold Amundsen
-15, 2003, 1 h 19 min. * National Geographic May 2009, concerning claims of Arctic Ocean oil and gasPolar Explorer References Raold Amundsen My Life as an Explorer, Raold Amundsen The Red Tent.L. Berens [This book includes other historic polar explorers] * National Geographic Jan. 2009 (2 articles
Fabrikant, Sara Irina
Book Review: Hegel's Absolute: An Introduction to Reading the Phenomenology of Spirit Verene, D.P. State University of New York Press, Albany, 2007
Book Reviews 63 Hegel's Absolute: An Introduction to Reading the Phenomenology of Spirit Verene, D.P. State University of New York Press, Albany, 2007 Review by Fabio Escobar Castelli, Erie Community College Donald Phillip Verene's latest work... on Hegel is a precise and brief contribution to the "Introduction to Hegel" scholarship. As an exercise in brevity, its summation of the Phenomenology is a laud able triumph. As a skeletal presentation of the Notion on its road of despair, however...
Castelli, Fabio Escobar
E166: Polarized Positrons & Polarimetry
A proof-of-principle experiment has been carried out in the Final Focus Test Beam (FFTB) at Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) to demonstrate production of polarized positrons in a manner suitable for implementation at the International Linear Collider (ILC). A helical undulator of 2.54 mm period and 1 -m length produced circularly polarized photons with a first harmonic endpoint energy of 8 MeV when traversed by a 46.6 GeV electron beam. The polarized photons were converted to polarized positrons in a 0.2-radiation-length tungsten target. The polarization of these positrons was measured using a Compton transmission polarimeter to have peak value in excess of 80%.
Schuler, K.Peter; /DESY
Plan and Strategy for ITER Blanket Testing in Japan
The Fusion Council of Japan has established the long-term program for the development of blanket in 1999. In the program, the solid breeder blanket was selected as the primary candidate blanket of the fusion power demonstration plant in Japan, while liquid breeder blankets and high temperature solid breeder blanket have been identified as the attractive advanced blanket. Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) is leading the development of solid breeder blankets, while, universities and National Institute for Fusion Science (NIFS) are developing the advanced blankets for potential options of the fusion power demonstration plant and commercial power plants. ITER blanket module testing is regarded as one of the most important milestones, by which integrity of candidate blanket design is qualified for the fusion power demonstration plant, together with material irradiation data by International Fusion Material Irradiation Facility (IFMIF). Japan is investigating the possibility of testing all types of blankets under TBWG framework with both of JAERI and universities/NIFS involvements. This paper presents a plan and strategy for the development of test blanket modules and ITER blanket module testing in Japan.
Enoeda, Mikio [Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (Japan); Akiba, Masato [Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (Japan); Tanaka, Satoru [University of Tokyo (Japan); Shimizu, Akihiko [Kyushu University (Japan); Hasegawa, Akira [Tohoku University (Japan); Konishi, Satoshi [Kyoto University (Japan); Kimura, Akihiko [Kyoto University (Japan); Kohyama, Akira [Kyoto University (Japan); Sagara, Akio [National Institute of Fusion Science (Japan); Muroga, Takeo [National Institute of Fusion Science (Japan)
Chemical and Microstructural Effects in Electrode Polarization
This presentation discusses the chemical and microstructural effects in electrode polarization and a relative comparison of contributions of the various polarizations in anode-supported cells.
Virkar, A.; Armstrong, T.; Radhakrishman, R.; Ramanan, G.; Zhao, F.; Singhal, S.
Polarization transfer NMR imaging
A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) image is obtained with spatial information modulated by chemical information. The modulation is obtained through polarization transfer from a first element representing the desired chemical, or functional, information, which is covalently bonded and spin-spin coupled with a second element effective to provide the imaging data. First and second rf pulses are provided at first and second frequencies for exciting the imaging and functional elements, with imaging gradients applied therebetween to spatially separate the nuclei response for imaging. The second rf pulse is applied at a time after the first pulse which is the inverse of the spin coupling constant to select the transfer element nuclei which are spin coupled to the functional element nuclei for imaging. In a particular application, compounds such as glucose, lactate, or lactose, can be labeled with .sup.13 C and metabolic processes involving the compounds can be imaged with the sensitivity of .sup.1 H and the selectivity of .sup.13 C.
Sillerud, Laurel O. (Los Alamos, NM); van Hulsteyn, David B. (Santa Fe, NM)
Draft of new maintenance standards for LWR in Japan
Activities of development of new maintenance standards for operating nuclear power plant in Japan are described. The work of drafting the standards has been done by the Committee of Nuclear Plant Operation and Maintenance Standards (POMS), that was organized in the Japan Power Engineering and Inspection Corporation under the entrustment from the Ministry of International Trade and Industry. The articles of ASME Section XI related to inspection, flaw evaluation and repair have been examined and modified, if necessary, so as to introduce latest Japanese database and technological knowledge. In the area of repairs, many repair techniques verified in recent years in Japan were incorporated i n addition to those specified in ASME Section XI. Finally major differences between ASME Section XI and the draft of the standards are listed.
Iida, Kunihiro [Shibaura Inst. of Tech., Tokyo (Japan). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
Hydraulic fracturing and geothermal energy development in Japan
This paper is a review of research and development on geothermal energy extraction in Japan especially on hydraulic fracturing. First recent geothermal developments in Japan are outlined in Part I. An increase in the production rate of geothermal wells may be highly dependent on the geothermal well stimulation technology based on hydraulic fracturing. The hydraulic fracturing technique must be developed also for geothermal energy to be extracted from hot, dry rock masses. In Part II, the research on hydraulic fracturing and field application are reviewed.
Abe, H.; Suyama, J.; Takahashi, H.
JUSTIPEN: Japan US Theory Institute for Physics with Exotic Nuclei
The grant "JUSTIPEN: Japan US Theory Institute for Physics with Exotic Nuclei " (DOE DE?FG02?06ER41407) ran from 02/01/2006 thru 12/31/2013. JUSTIPEN is a venue for international collaboration between U.S.?based and Japanese scientists who share an interest in theory of rare isotopes. Since its inception JUSTIPEN has supported many visitors, fostered collaborations between physicists in the U.S. and Japan, and enabled them to deepen our understanding of exotic nuclei and their role in cosmos.
Papenbrock, Thomas
excluding the joint venture Sony Ericsson—but that 5% wasmostly Japan's domestic market. Sony Ericsson, for its part,other international markets. Sony Ericsson held just under
Energy Consumption, Efficiency, Conservation, and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in Japan's Building Sector
i n g s 2.1 Total Energy Consumption i n Japan's Residentialhouses. 2.1 Total Energy Consumption in Japan's Residentialorder to reduce total energy consumption. Figure 2 suggests
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
Promoting electricity from renewable energy sources -- lessons learned from the EU, U.S. and Japan
fluctuations. Electricity generation [TWh/year] EU-25 USA4 . Electricity generation [TWh/year] Japan EU-25 USA EU-25USA Japan Wind Waste Solar Biomass Geothermal Figure 2 Historical pattern of electricity
Haas, Reinhard
models of the 90s: DoCoMo leveraging the PDC standard Japan's choice of PDC, a proprietary digital cellular standard,was not simply due to PDC being an incompatible standard
SWEDEN-JAPAN FOUNDATION 2014-01-21 GREV TUREGATAN 14, 114 46 STOCKHOLM TEL +46-8-6116873, FAX +46-8-6117344 Org nr 802008-0639 www.swejap.a.se, email@example.com SWEDEN-JAPAN FOUNDATION STIPENDIER Sweden-Japan Foundation utlyser stipendier för studier, forskning samt examensarbete och praktik på högskolenivå i Japan
Johannesson, Henrik
MFR PAPER 1165 Japan's tuna fishery faces a
MFR PAPER 1165 Japan's tuna fishery faces a major depression as catch rates decline, oil prices of the more obvious reasons for the present state are these: I. Tripling of oil prices in the last year. 2 market are not also having their prob- lems at this time. The increased oil prices, having gone from $40
JAPAN'S TAKUMA BUILDING BEIJING WTE PLANT TOKYO, Nov 11
JAPAN'S TAKUMA BUILDING BEIJING WTE PLANT TOKYO, Nov 11 Environmental plant firm Takuma Co. (TSE:6013) has won a 4 billion yen ($36 million) order from a public-private partnership in China to build by a combination of operational features and air pollution control equipment. In addition to MSW incineration
Columbia University
On computer education in Japan Yoko ONO and Yumi ASAHI
285 On computer education in Japan Yoko ONO and Yumi ASAHI Department of Management Science, email@example.com Abstract: In recent years, the number of university classes using computers has increased with the widespread availability of computers. In Japanese universities as well, computer and intramural information
Spagnolo, Filippo
Energy Efficiency Supporting Policy and Heat Pumping Technology in Japan
% improvement energy consumption per real GDP of Japan> Ref: METI/ Energy Data Modeling Centre, which results from taking various countermeasures for energy conservation. energy supply per, comprehensive energy statistics *Total consumption of primary energy (tons in crude oil equivalent) / real GDP
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Why did the solar power sector develop quickly in Japan?
The solar power sector grew quickly in Japan during the decade 1994 to 2003. During this period, annual installations increased 32-fold from 7MW in 1994 to 223MW in 2003, and annual production increased 22-fold, from 16MW ...
The Japan Times Printer Friendly Articles By AKEMI NAKAMURA
(related to ITER) under the agreement," explained Toichi Sakata, director general of the Education, Culture the world's electricity needs as demand for power continues to rise. Although Japan, which had the support whether fusion technology for generating electricity can be commercialized, he said. Tadahiro Katsuta
Kyoto University has launched a Japan-Thailand collaborative research
Kyoto University has launched a Japan-Thailand collaborative research project titled "Development of clean and efficient utilization of low rank coals and biomass by solvent treatment," supported biomass waste as well as low-rank coals into valuable products such as carbon fiber, biofuel, and high
Takada, Shoji
Science AFP Japan ready to pay 895 million
. Government ministers, including Chief Cabinet Secretary Hiroyuki Hosoda and Science and Technology Minister of the costliest international technology projects in which Japan has participated. The project is aimed to be a test-bed for what is being billed as a clean, safe, inexhaustible energy source of the future
Nuclear Catastrophe, Disaster-Related Environmental Injustice, and Fukushima, Japan
Nuclear Catastrophe, Disaster-Related Environmental Injustice, and Fukushima, Japan: Prima the 2011 Japanese Fukushima-Daiichi nuclear disaster (FD) as a preliminary case study-- despite the limits Fukushima-Daiichi (FD) nuclear accident to explain disaster-related environmental injustice (DREI
Shrader-Frechette, Kristin
THREE WORDS ABOUT MOBILE PHONES: FINDINGS FROM SWEDEN, THE US, ITALY, JAPAN, AND KOREA Naomi S phones: findings from Sweden, the US, Italy, Japan, and Korea While roughly half of the world students in Sweden, the US, Italy, Japan, and Korea, between the ages of 18 and 24. One of our open
Carlini, David
Japan-Mexico Rectors' Summit "Building-up innovative relations for a knowledge-based society"
Japan-Mexico Rectors' Summit "Building-up innovative relations for a knowledge-based society" Joint Statement On June 29, 2011, the Japan-Mexico Rectors' Summit was hosted by the University of Tokyo, at which the importance of elevating the strategic partnership between Mexico and Japan to a new stage through
Katsumoto, Shingo
A Polarized Positron Source for CEBAF
A compact polarized positron source for Jefferson Lab is discussed. This scheme relies upon a high polarization (85%), high current (1 mA), low-energy (<100 MeV) electron beam to generate polarized positrons in a conversion target via polarized bremsstrahlung and pair creation. GEANT4 is used to simulate source distributions suitable for a CEBAF-like injector with positron polarization approx60% and nano-Ampere intensity. An experiment to test this scheme is outlined.
Dumas, J. [Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, IN2P3/CNRS-Universite Joseph Fourier-INP, 53, rue des Martyrs, 38026 Grenoble Cedex (France); Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, Newport News, VA 23606 (United States); Grames, J. [Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, Newport News, VA 23606 (United States); Voutier, E. [Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, IN2P3/CNRS-Universite Joseph Fourier-INP, 53, rue des Martyrs, 38026 Grenoble Cedex (France)
Visible Spirit Gianlorenzo Bernini
on optics, the Optica Philosophia, published at Lyons in 1652Â56.2 For this work Bernini designed. Panofsky, Galileo as a Critic of the Arts, The Hague, 1954. 2 Optica Philosophia Experimentis et Ratione
the significance of the monumental support he designed for his last work, the great marble bust of the Savior, now than three meters. In a footnote I expressed puzzlement as to how the weight of an over lifesize marble' arms and hands and falls in loose vertical folds to the socle below. The device should not be thought
The Spirit of Innovation
President Barack Obama gives a speech at Argonne about the importance in investing in American energy as well as scientific research and development.
President Barack Obama
. The Sculptor of the Roman Baroque 1 II Bernini and the Theater 15 III Bozzetti and Modelli. Notes on sculptural pre- scribed models and patterns can no longer be maintained. Indeed, the chief controversy has been
. The Sculptor of the Roman Baroque 1 II Bernini and the Theater 15 III Bozzetti and Modelli. Notes on sculptural books on Roman Baroque archi- tecture (The Art Bulletin, LV, March, 1973, 127Â135), which included my of the pre-history of the baldachin, the fact re- mains that at least five revolutionary concepts appeared
Magnetic excitations and polarized neutrons
We review the historical development of polarized beam techniques for studies of condensed matter physics. In particular we describe, in some detail, the recent advance of the triple axis technique with polarization analysis. It is now possible to carry out quantitative characterization of magnetic cross sections S(Q,..omega..), in absolute units, for a wide range of energy and momentum transfers. We will discuss some examples of recent inelastic measurements on 3d ferromagnets and heavy Fermions. 35 refs., 11 figs., 2 tabs.
Shirane, G.
Polarizing agents for high-frequency Dynamic Nuclear Polarization : development and applications
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) is utilized to enhance NMR signal intensities in systems including metals, ceramics, polymers and biological solids. The enhancement results from polarization transfers from unpaired ...
Hu, Kan-Nian
Japan's Long-term Energy Demand and Supply Scenario to 2050 - Estimation for the Potential of Massive CO2 Mitigation
Japan's potential wind power generation capacity isabout a half of the maximum potential capacity. Wind Power
Safety Culture And Best Practices At Japan's Fusion Research Facilities
The Safety Monitor Joint Working Group (JWG) is one of the magnetic fusion research collaborations between the US Department of Energy and the government of Japan. Visits by occupational safety personnel are made to participating institutions on a biennial basis. In the 2013 JWG visit of US representatives to Japan, the JWG members noted a number of good safety practices in the safety walkthroughs. These good practices and safety culture topics are discussed in this paper. The JWG hopes that these practices for worker safety can be adopted at other facilities. It is a well-known, but unquantified, safety principle that well run, safe facilities are more productive and efficient than other facilities (Rule, 2009). Worker safety, worker productivity, and high quality in facility operation all complement each other (Mottel, 1995).
Rule, K. [Princeton Plasma Physics Lab., Princeton, NJ (United States); King, M. [General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States); Takase, Y. [Univ. of Tokyo (Japan); Oshima, Y. [Univ. of Tokyo (Japan); Nishimura, K. [National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki (Japan); Sukegawa, A. [Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka (Japan)
Safety Culture and Best Practices at Japan's Fusion Research Facilities
Rule, Keith [PPPL
Association of automobile passenger transportation and economic growth in Japan
) (Nember) January 1969 ABSTRACT Association cf Automobile Passenger Transportation and Economic Growth in Japan. (January 1969) Teruhiko Boric, B. A. , &faseda University Directed by: Dr. ~felvin L. Greenhut In order to evaluate the growth... of Japanese post-war passenger transportation, a comparative study of the U. S. passenger transporta- ti. on development between 1910 and 1940 has been made. The growth rate of automobile ownership prior to the Great Depression is larger than the rate...
Horie, Teruhiko
Advancements in FBR shielding - Ten years in Japan
Research and development in the area of fast breeder reactor (FBR) shielding in Japan was fully under way in April 1987 when criticality of the JOYO experimental FBR was first attained. The main activities performed and results obtained during more than 10 yr of FBR shielding research are presented. The paper describes shielding research in Joyo; Monju shielding design and related research; research activities for future FBRs; and evaluation of Monju shielding designs.
Ohtani, Nobuo; Suzuki, Soju
Status of reduced enrichment program for research reactors in Japan
The status of reduced enrichment program for research reactors in Japan will be reviewed. The reduced enrichment programs for the JRR-3M, JRR-4 and JMTR of Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA, former name is Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI)) has been completed by 1999, and the reactors are being satisfactory operated using LEU fuels. The KUR of Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute (KURRI) has been partially completed and is still in progress under the Joint Study Program with Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). The JRR-3M using LEU silicide fuel elements have done a functional test by the Japanese Government in 2000, and the property of the reactor core was satisfied. JAEA has established a 'U-Mo fuel ad hoc committee' and has been studying the U-Mo fuel installation plan by carefully observing the development situation of the U-Mo fuel. In KURRI, the KUR has terminated its operation using HEU fuel on February 2006. The HEU KUR spent fuel elements will be sent to the U.S. by March 2008. Licensing for the full core conversion of KUR to LEU fuel is under progress and the core conversion to LEU is expected to be completed in 2008. (author)
Unesaki, Hironobu [Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Asashiro-nishi 2-1010, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494 (Japan); Ohta, Kazunori; Inoue, Takeshi [Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Shirakata Shirane 2-4, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195 (Japan)
Polar King: Order (2013-CE-5328)
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
DOE ordered Polar King International Inc. to pay a $8,000 civil penalty after finding Polar King had failed to certify that certain models of walk-in cooler and freezer components comply with the applicable energy conservation standards.
Radiation Damage in Polarized Ammonia Solids
Solid NH3 and ND3 provide a highly polarizable, radiation resistant source of polarized protons and deuterons and have been used extensively in high luminosity experiments investigating the spin structure of the nucleon. Over the past twenty years, the UVA polarized target group has been instrumental in producing and polarizing much of the material used in these studies, and many practical considerations have been learned in this time. In this discussion, we analyze the polarization performance of the solid ammonia targets used during the recent JLab Eg4 run. Topics include the rate of polarization decay with accumulated charge, the annealing procedure for radiation damaged targets to recover polarization, and the radiation induced change in optimum microwave frequency used to polarize the sample. We also discuss the success we have had in implementing frequency modulation of the polarizing microwave frequency.
K. Slifer
a 45° angle. Radiation whose electric field (polarization)radiation field, it can be uniquely characterized by its electric
Lubin, Philip Lubin
Polarization of Astronomical Maser Radiation. IV. Circular Polarization Profiles
Profile comparison of the Stokes parameters $V$ and $I$ is a powerful tool for maser data analysis, providing the first direct methods for unambiguous determination of (1) the maser saturation stage, (2) the amplification optical depth and intrinsic Doppler width of unsaturated masers, and (3) the comparative magnitudes of Zeeman splitting and Doppler linewidth. Circular polarization recently detected in OH 1720 MHz emission from the Galactic center appears to provide the first direct evidence for maser saturation.
Moshe Elitzur
The Polar Deposits of Mars Shane Byrne
- tian polar layered deposits and understanding the role of the residual ice caps that cover them of the stratigraphy of the polar layered deposits in unprecedented detail. Additionally, change within the residualThe Polar Deposits of Mars Shane Byrne Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona
Jellinek, Mark
Sources of polarized ions and atoms
In this presentation we discuss methods of producing large quantities of polarized atoms and ions (Stern-Gerlach separation, optical pumping, and spin-exchange) as well as experimental methods of measuring the degree of polarization of atomic systems. The usefulness of polarized atoms in probing the microscopic magnetic surface properties of materials will also be discussed. 39 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.
Cornelius, W.D.
A polarized positron source for CEBAF
A compact polarized positron source for Jefferson Lab is discussed. This scheme relies upon a high polarization (85%), high current (1 mA), low-energy (CEBAF-like injector with positron polarization ~60% and nano-Ampere intensity. An experiment to test this scheme is outlined.
Dumas, J; Voutier, E
Polarization of Cerenkov radiation in anisotropic media
Using the method of Stokes parameters, we examine the polarization of Cerenkov radiation in anisotropic media. The study reveals that the radiation is totally polarized and that circular polarization is purely a quantum effect. We examine two cases; when the particle initially moves along the optical axis and when the particle initially moves perpendicular to the optical axis.
Orisa, B.D. [Moi Univ., Eldoret (Kenya)
Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Polar Form
: E # F and g: F # E are linear maps, then g #f and f #g always have the same nonÂzero eigen valuesChapter 2 Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Polar Form 2.1 Polar Form In this chapter, we. SINGULAR VALUE DECOMPOSITION (SVD) AND POLAR FORM The fact that f # # f and f # f # are self
Gallier, Jean
Electrical properties of polar membranes
Biological membranes are capacitors that can be charged by applying a field across the membrane. The charges on the capacitor exert a force on the membrane that leads to electrostriction, i.e. a thinning of the membrane. Since the force is quadratic in voltage, negative and positive voltage have an identical influence on the physics of symmetric membranes. However, this is not the case for a membrane with an asymmetry leading to a permanent electric polarization. Positive and negative voltages of identical magnitude lead to different properties. Such an asymmetry can originate from a lipid composition that is different on the two monolayers of the membrane, or from membrane curvature. The latter effect is called 'flexoelectricity'. As a consequence of permanent polarization, the membrane capacitor is discharged at a voltage different from zero. This leads to interesting electrical phenomena such as outward or inward rectification of membrane permeability. Here, we introduce a generalized theoretical framework, that treats capacitance, polarization, flexoelectricity and piezoelectricity in the same language.
Lars D. Mosgaard; Karis A. Zecchi; Thomas Heimburg
Brane polarization is no cure for tachyons
Anti-M2 and anti-D3 branes placed in regions with charges dissolved in fluxes have a tachyon in their near-horizon region, which causes these branes to repel each other. If the branes are on the Coulomb branch this tachyon gives rise to a runaway behavior, but when the branes are polarized into five-branes this tachyon only appears to lower the energy of the polarized branes, without affecting its stability. We analyze brane polarization in the presence of a brane-brane-repelling tachyon and show that when the branes are polarized along the direction of the tachyon the polarized shell is unstable. This implies that tachyons cannot be cured by brane polarization and indicates that, at least in a certain regime of parameters, anti-D3 branes polarized into NS5 branes at the bottom of the Klebanov-Strassler solution have an instability.
Bena, Iosif
E-Print Network 3.0 - assembly nagoya japan Sample Search Results
for: assembly nagoya japan Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Photoluminescence of carbon nanotubes grown over trench Summary: Engineering, Nagoya University 2 Department of Quantum...
and shape firms' business models through formal licensingand price, and business models employed by foreign MNCswith their global business models now effective in Japan.
E-Print Network 3.0 - aizu-wakamatsu city japan Sample Search...
Computer Software, The University of Aizu, Aizu-Wakamatsu Fukushima-ken 965-8580, Japan Abstract This work Source: Durikovic, Roman - Department of Applied Informatics, Comenius...
Japan's Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Market: An Analysis of Residential System Prices (Presentation)
This presentation summarizes market and policy factors influencing residential solar photovoltaic system prices in Japan, and compares these factors to related developments in the United States.
James, T.
Renewable Energy Opportunities at the Kanto Installations, Japan
This document provides an overview of renewable resource development potential at the U.S. Army installations in the Kanto region in Japan, which includes Camp Zama, Yokohama North Dock, Sagamihara Family Housing Area (SFHA), Sagami General Depot, and Akasaka Press Center. This effort focuses on grid-connected generation of electricity from renewable energy sources and also on ground source heat pumps for heating and cooling buildings. The effort was funded by the Huntsville Army Corps of Engineers, and includes the development of a methodology for renewable resource assessment at Army installations located on foreign soil. The methodology is documented in Renewable Energy Assessment Methodology for Japanese OCONUS Army Installations. The site visit to the Kanto installations took place on April 5 and 6, 2010. At the current time, there are some renewable technologies that show economic potential. Because of siting restrictions and the small size of these installations, development of most renewable energy technologies will likely be limited to Camp Zama. Project feasibility is based on installation-specific resource availability and energy costs and projections based on accepted life-cycle cost methods. Development of any renewable energy project will be challenging, as it will require investigation into existing contractual obligations, new contracts that could be developed, the legality of certain partnerships, and available financing avenues, which involves the U.S. Forces Japan (USFJ), the Government of Japan (GOJ), and a number of other parties on both sides. The Army will not be able to implement a project without involvement and approval from the other services and multiple levels of Japanese government. However, implementation of renewable energy projects could be an attractive method for GOJ to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and lower annual utility payments to USFJ. This report recommends projects to pursue and offers approaches to use. The most promising opportunities include waste-to-energy and ground source heat pumps. Solar photovoltaics (PV) may also prove successful. Other resources were found to be insufficient on the Kanto installations.
Solana, Amy E.; Horner, Jacob A.; Russo, Bryan J.; Gorrissen, Willy J.; Kora, Angela R.; Weimar, Mark R.; Hand, James R.; Orrell, Alice C.; Williamson, Jennifer L.
Innovative Liquid Breeder Blanket Design Activities in Japan
In order to clarify key engineering issues and to enhance key R and D activities for D-T fusion blankets, many design activities on innovative liquid blanket systems are on going as collaboration studies in Japan. Recently an improved long-life Flibe blanket has been proposed, and the self-cooled Li/V blanket design has started. For Flibe systems, much progress has been made on tritium permeation barrier, energy conversion system, free surface designs, and thermofluid loop experiments. For Li/V systems, evaluation studies have proceeded on Be-free nuclear properties and allowable crack fraction on multilayered MHD insulation coatings.
Sagara, Akio [National Institute for Fusion Science (Japan); Tanaka, Teruya [National Institute for Fusion Science (Japan); Muroga, Takeo [National Institute for Fusion Science (Japan); Hashizume, Hidetoshi [Tohoku University (Japan); Kunugi, Tomoaki [Kyoto University (Japan); Fukada, Satoshi [Kyushu University (Japan); Shimizu, Akihiko [Kyushu University (Japan)
Mineralogy and diagenesis of sediments in Yamato Basin, Japan Sea
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analytical Methods TEXTURE OF YAMATO BASIN SEDIMENTS . . MINERALOGICAL VARIATIONS . Unit VI (646. 9-900. 1 mbsf). Unit V (426. 6-627. 3 mbsf). Unit IV (301. 5-426. 6 mbsf). Unit III (224-301. 5 mbsf) and Unit II (119. 9-224 mbsf) . . . Semiquantitative... distribution of 34 samples selected from Site 797, ODP Leg 127 in the Yamato Basin, Japan Sea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figure 6A. Photomicrograph of a sandy sample from Unit VI, in which chlorite forms as a matrix occuping all intergranular...
Lo, Pei-Hua
US-Japan rare elements meeting | Department of Energy
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "of EnergyEnergyENERGYWomenthe House Committee on EnergyEnergyTheUnited States andUS-Japan rare earth
US-Japan Clean Energy Cooperation | Department of Energy
Energy Savers [EERE]
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of Inspector GeneralDepartment of EnergyofProject is on Track| Department ofofUS-China clean energyUS-Japan
United States -Japan Joint Nuclear Energy Action Plan
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of Inspector GeneralDepartment of EnergyofProject is on Track| DepartmentPinakin2 DOE Hydrogen and Fuel-Japan
US-EU-Japan Working Group on Critical Materials
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "ofEarly Career Scientists' Research Petroleum ReserveDepartment of Energy AtNoticeMotor CompanyUS-EU-Japan
Midterm Summary of Japan-US Fusion Cooperation Program TITAN
Japan-US cooperation program TITAN (Tritium, Irradiation and Thermofluid for America and Nippon) started in April 2007 as 6-year project. This is the summary report at the midterm of the project. Historical overview of the Japan-US cooperation programs and direction of the TITAN project in its second half are presented in addition to the technical highlights. Blankets are component systems whose principal functions are extraction of heat and tritium. Thus it is crucial to clarify the potentiality for controlling heat and tritium flow throughout the first wall, blanket and out-of-vessel recovery systems. The TITAN project continues the JUPITER-II activity but extends its scope including the first wall and the recovery systems with the title of 'Tritium and thermofluid control for magnetic and inertial confinement systems'. The objective of the program is to clarify the mechanisms of tritium and heat transfer throughout the first-wall, the blanket and the heat/tritium recovery systems under specific conditions to fusion such as irradiation, high heat flux, circulation and high magnetic fields. Based on integrated models, the breeding, transfer, inventory of tritium and heat extraction properties will be evaluated for some representative liquid breeder blankets and the necessary database will be obtained for focused research in the future.
Muroga, Takeo [National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Japan; Sze, Dai-Kai [University of California, San Diego; Sokolov, Mikhail [ORNL; Katoh, Yutai [ORNL; Stoller, Roger E [ORNL
Optical detection dental disease using polarized light
A polarization sensitive optical imaging system is used to detect changes in polarization in dental tissues to aid the diagnosis of dental disease such as caries. The degree of depolarization is measured by illuminating the dental tissue with polarized light and measuring the polarization state of the backscattered light. The polarization state of this reflected light is analyzed using optical polarimetric imaging techniques. A hand-held fiber optic dental probe is used in vivo to direct the incident beam to the dental tissue and collect the reflected light. To provide depth-resolved characterization of the dental tissue, the polarization diagnostics may be incorporated into optical coherence domain reflectometry and optical coherence tomography (OCDR/OCT) systems, which enables identification of subsurface depolarization sites associated with demineralization of enamel or bone.
Everett, Matthew J. (Livermore, CA); Colston, Jr., Billy W. (Livermore, CA); Sathyam, Ujwal S. (Livermore, CA); Da Silva, Luiz B. (Danville, CA); Fried, Daniel (San Francisco, CA)
Creating the wholesale market for electricity in Japan : what should Japan learn from major markets in the United States and Europe?
The movement of deregulation in Japan's electric power industry started in 1995 with the revision of the Electric Utility Industry Law. During these past over five years, levels of various discussions have been made in ...
Hori, Takahide
The polarized SRF gun experiment.
RF electron guns are capable of producing electron bunches with high brightness, which outperform DC electron guns and may even be able to provide electron beams for the ILC without the need for a damping ring. However, all successful existing guns for polarized electrons are DC guns because the environment inside an RF gun is hostile to the GaAs cathode material necessary for polarization. While the typical vacuum pressure in a DC gun is better than 10{sup -11} torr the vacuum in an RF gun is in the order of 10{sup -9} torr. Experiments at BINP Novosibirsk show that this leads to strong ion back-bombardment and generation of dark currents, which destroy the GaAs cathode in a short time. The situation might be much more favorable in a (super-conducting) SRF gun. The cryogenic pumping of the gun cavity walls may make it possible to maintain a vacuum close to 10{sup -12} torr, solving the problem of ion bombardment and dark currents. Of concern would be contamination of the gun cavity by evaporating cathode material. This report describes an experiment that Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) in collaboration with Advanced Energy Systems (AES) is conducting to answer these questions.
Kewisch,J.; Ben-Zvi, I.; Rao, T.; Burrill, A.; Pate, D.; Grover, R.; Todd, R.; Bluem, H.; Holmes, D.; Schultheiss, T.
Tensor Target Polarization at TRIUMF
The first measurements of tensor observables in $\\pi \\vec{d}$ scattering experiments were performed in the mid-80's at TRIUMF, and later at SIN/PSI. The full suite of tensor observables accessible in $\\pi \\vec{d}$ elastic scattering were measured: $T_{20}$, $T_{21}$, and $T_{22}$. The vector analyzing power $iT_{11}$ was also measured. These results led to a better understanding of the three-body theory used to describe this reaction. %Some measurements were also made in the absorption and breakup channels. A direct measurement of the target tensor polarization was also made independent of the usual NMR techniques by exploiting the (nearly) model-independent result for the tensor analyzing power at 90$^\\circ _{cm}$ in the $\\pi \\vec{d} \\rightarrow 2p$ reaction. This method was also used to check efforts to enhance the tensor polarization by RF burning of the NMR spectrum. A brief description of the methods developed to measure and analyze these experiments is provided.
Smith, G
Editorial & Opinion Japan should put disputed isles back in private hands
Editorial & Opinion Japan should put disputed isles back in private hands Business Times Singapore of its wartime actions. It is important for Mr Abe not to antagonise Japan's closest neighbours as well afford to be isolated. If the Shinto shrine continues to be unwilling to remove the war criminals
Chaudhuri, Sanjay
Assessing the fuel Use and greenhouse gas emissions of future light-duty vehicles in Japan
Reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is of great concern in Japan, as well as elsewhere, such as in the U.S. and EU. More than 20% of GHG emissions in Japan come from the transportation sector, and a more than 70% ...
Nishimura, Eriko
From meiwaku to tokushita! Lessons for digital money design from Japan
1 From meiwaku to tokushita! Lessons for digital money design from Japan Scott D. Mainwaring on ethnographically-inspired research in Japan, we report on people's experiences using digital money payment systems in the here and now, the adoption of digital money is found to be messy and contingent, shot through
Brody, James P.
Veranstaltung der Forschungsstelle Japan der Universitt Osnabrck Vortrag: Tschernobyl-Deutschland-Fukushima
Veranstaltung der Forschungsstelle Japan der Universität Osnabrück Vortrag: Tschernobyl-Deutschland-Fukushima) zum Thema ,,Tschernobyl- Deutschland-Fukushima". Dr. Pflugbeil, der im März dieses Jahres Japan Fukushima machen. In seinem Vortrag wird er versuchen, aus den Erfahrungen, die nach dem Atomunfall von
Kallenrode, May-Britt
Commissioning the polarized beam in the AGS
After the successful operation of a high energy polarized proton beam at the Argonne Laboratory Zero Gradient Synchrotron (ZGS) was terminated, plans were made to commission such a beam at the Brookhaven National Laboratory Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS). On February 23, 1984, 2 ..mu..A of polarized H/sup -/ was accelerated through the Linac to 200 MeV with a polarization of about 65%. 1 ..mu..A was injected into the AGS and acceleration attempts began. Several relatively short runs were then made during the next three months. Dedicated commissioning began in early June, and on June 26 the AGS polarized beam reached 13.8 GeV/c to exceed the previous ZGS peak momentum of 12.75 GeV/c. Commissioning continued to the point where 10/sup 10/ polarized protons were accelerated to 16.5 GeV/c with 40% polarization. Then, two experiments had a short polarized proton run. We plan to continue commissioning efforts in the fall of this year to reach higher energy, higher intensity, and higher polarization levels. We present a brief description of the facility and of the methods used for preserving the polarization of the accelerating beam.
Ratner, L.G.; Brown, H.; Chiang, I.H.; Courant, E.; Gardner, C.; Lazarus, D.; Lee, Y.Y.; Makdisi, Y.; Sidhu, S.; Skelly, J.
he chain of calamity now known as Japan's Triple Disaster began with a massive rupture in the ocean floor.
, the earthquake had already knocked out electricity, but emergency backup systems seemed to be functioning backup diesel Japan's TripleDisasterBy David Pacchioli Some 45 miles east of Japan and 18.6 miles below
McCartney, Michael S.
No.4 Japan's Long-term Energy Demand and Supply Scenario towe projected Japan's energy demand/supply and energy-relatedcrises (to cut primary energy demand per GDP ( T P E S / G D
Polarized EMC Effect in Nuclei
The discovery of the EMC effect and the proton spin crisis by the European Muon Collaboration are two of the standout experiments of the last 25 years. It is therefore surprising that there has been no experimental and little theoretical investigation of the spin structure functions of atomic nuclei. To address this we present results for the spin-dependent structure functions of nuclei. The quark degrees of freedom in nuclei are accessed via the convolution formalism. Where the nucleon bound state is obtained by solving the relativistic Faddeev equation, and a relativistic shell model is used to model the atomic nucleus. We find the important result that the medium modifications to the polarized structure functions are about twice that of the unpolarized case.
Ian Cloet; A. W. Thomas; W. Bentz
Estimating near-surface shear wave velocities in Japan by applying seismic interferometry to KiK-net data
Estimating near-surface shear wave velocities in Japan by applying seismic interferometry to KiK-net throughout Japan by applying seismic interferometry to the data recorded with KiK-net, a strong motion network in Japan. Each KiK-net station has two receivers; one receiver on the surface and the other
Cerveny, Vlastislav
Tuesday April 12, 8:14 PM LEAD: Japan, EU aim to reach conclusion on ITER by July
Tuesday April 12, 8:14 PM LEAD: Japan, EU aim to reach conclusion on ITER by July (Kyodo) _ (EDS." Earlier in the day, Potocnik met with Japan's Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Minister: UPDATING WITH EU COMMISSIONER'S PRESS CONFERENCE) Japan and the European Union agreed Tuesday to speed up
Stirling engine research at national and university laboratories in Japan
Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) reviewed research projects that are related to the development of Stirling engines and that are under way at Japanese national laboratories and universities. The research and development focused on component rather than on whole engine development. PNL obtained the information from a literature review and interviews conducted at the laboratories and universities. The universities have less equipment available and operate with smaller staffs for research than do the laboratories. In particular, the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory and the Aerospace Laboratory conduct high-quality component and fundamental work. Despite having less equipment, some of the researchers at the universities conduct high-quality fundamental research. As is typical in Japan, several of the university professors are very active in consulting and advisory capacities to companies engaged in Stirling engine development, and also with government and association advisory and technical committees. Contacts with these professors and selective examination of their research are good ways to keep abreast of Japanese Stirling developments.
Hane, G.J.; Hutchinson, R.A.
We consider spin asymmetries for prompt photon production in collisions of longitudinally polarized hadrons. This reaction will be a key tool at the BNL-RHIC {rvec p}{rvec p} collider for determining the gluon spin density in a polarized proton. We study the effects of QCD corrections, such as all-order soft-gluon ''threshold'' resummations.
The HERMES Polarized Hydrogen Internal Gas Target
internal gas targets. The HERMES hydrogen target is an internal polarized gas target using the storage cell frame on the right. atomic hydrogen beam and focuses it into a storage cell. The storage cellThe HERMES Polarized Hydrogen Internal Gas Target J. Stewart for The HERMES Collaboration
Polarized photon facilities - windows to new physics
The status of new and proposed sources of intermediate-energy polarized photons is reviewed. The N {r_arrow} {delta} transition is discussed as an example of new physics that can be addressed at these facilities through precision measurements of polarization observables.
Sandorfi, A.M.
Polarized structure functions in nuclear matter
We present a comprehensive analysis of the structure functions for the polarized nuclei {sup 3}He, and focus on the polarized distribution functions and light-cone momentum distributions of protons and neutrons. We demonstrate that the first moment of the {sup 3}He structure function can provide an incisive test of the Bjorken sum rule.
Tehrani, S. Atashbar [School of Particles and Accelerators, IPM (Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics), P.O. Box 19395-5531, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Khorramian, A. N.; Monfared, S. Taheri [School of Particles and Accelerators, IPM (Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics), P.O. Box 19395-5531, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Physics Department, Semnan University, Semnan (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Arbabifar, F. [Physics Department, Semnan University, Semnan (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
Measuring Vacuum Polarization with Josephson Junctions
We argue that the vacuum polarization by the virtual electron-positron pairs can be measured by studying a Josephson junction in a strong magnetic field. The vacuum polarization results in a weak dependence of the Josephson constant on the magnetic field strength which is within the reach of the existing experimental techniques.
Penin, Alexander A. [Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2J1 (Canada) and Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow (Russian Federation)
Optical pumping production of spin polarized hydrogen
There has been much interest recently in the production of large quantities of spin polarized hydrogen in various fields, including controlled fusion, quantum fluids, high energy, and nuclear physics. One promising method for the development of large quantities of spin polarized hydrogen is the utilization of optical pumping with a laser. Optical pumping is a process in which photon angular momentum is converted into electron and nuclear spin. The advent of tunable CW dye lasers (approx. 1 watt) allows the production of greater than 10/sup 18/ polarized atoms/sec. We have begun a program at Princeton to investigate the physics and technology of using optical pumping to produce large quantities of spin polarized hydrogen. Initial experiments have been done in small closed glass cells. Eventually, a flowing system, open target, or polarized ion source could be constructed.
Knize, R.J.; Happer, W.; Cecchi, J.L.
Nuclear reactivity control using laser induced polarization
A control element for reactivity control of a fission source provides an atomic density of .sup.3 He in a control volume which is effective to control criticality as the .sup.3 He is spin-polarized. Spin-polarization of the .sup.3 He affects the cross section of the control volume for fission neturons and hence, the reactivity. An irradiation source is directed within the .sup.3 He for spin-polarizing the .sup.3 He. An alkali-metal vapor may be included with the .sup.3 He where a laser spin-polarizes the alkali-metal atoms which in turn, spin-couple with .sup.3 He to spin-polarize the .sup.3 He atoms.
Bowman, Charles D. (Los Alamos, NM)
A control element for reactivity control of a fission source provides an atomic density of .sup.3 He in a control volume which is effective to control criticality as the .sup.3 He is spin-polarized. Spin-polarization of the .sup.3 He affects the cross section of the control volume for fission neutrons and hence, the reactivity. An irradiation source is directed within the .sup.3 He for spin-polarizing the .sup.3 He. An alkali-metal vapor may be included with the .sup.3 He where a laser spin-polarizes the alkali-metal atoms which in turn, spin-couple with .sup.3 He to spin-polarize the .sup.3 He atoms.
DOE Robotic and Remote Systems Assistance to the Government of Japan
At the request of the Government of Japan, DOE did a complex wide survey of available remotely operated and robotic systems to assist in the initial assessment of the damage to the Fukushima Daiichi reactors following an earthquake and subsequent tsunami. As a result several radiation hardened cameras and a Talon robot were identified as systems that could immediately assist in the effort and were subsequently sent to Japan. These systems were transferred to the Government of Japan and used to map radiation levels surrounding the damaged facilities. This report describes the equipment, its use, data collected, and lessons learned from the experience.
Derek Wadsworth; Victor Walker
Cold Culture: Polar Media and the Nazi Occult
consequences of melting polar ice caps in the course of theconsequences of melting polar ice caps in the course of the
Krapp, Peter
Multi-channel polarized thermal emitter
A multi-channel polarized thermal emitter (PTE) is presented. The multi-channel PTE can emit polarized thermal radiation without using a polarizer at normal emergence. The multi-channel PTE consists of two layers of metallic gratings on a monolithic and homogeneous metallic plate. It can be fabricated by a low-cost soft lithography technique called two-polymer microtransfer molding. The spectral positions of the mid-infrared (MIR) radiation peaks can be tuned by changing the periodicity of the gratings and the spectral separation between peaks are tuned by changing the mutual angle between the orientations of the two gratings.
Lee, Jae-Hwang; Ho, Kai-Ming; Constant, Kristen P
Polarized electron beams at milliampere average current
This contribution describes some of the challenges associated with developing a polarized electron source capable of uninterrupted days-long operation at milliAmpere average beam current with polarization greater than 80%. Challenges will be presented in the context of assessing the required level of extrapolation beyond the performance of today's CEBAF polarized source operating at ~ 200 uA average current. Estimates of performance at higher current will be based on hours-long demonstrations at 1 and 4 mA. Particular attention will be paid to beam-related lifetime-limiting mechanisms, and strategies to construct a photogun that operate reliably at bias voltage > 350kV.
Poelker, Matthew [JLAB
Polarized structure functions of nucleons and nuclei
We determine the quark distributions and structure functions for both unpolarized and polarized DIS of leptons on nucleons and nuclei. The scalar and vector mean fields in the nucleus modify the motion of the quarks inside the nucleons. By taking into account this medium modification, we are able to reproduce the experimental data on the unpolarized EMC effect, and to make predictions for the polarized EMC effect. We discuss examples of nuclei where the polarized EMC effect could be measured. We finally present an extension of our model to describe fragmentation functions.
W. Bentz; I. C. Cloet; T. Ito; A. W. Thomas; K. Yazaki
Proceeding of International Conference on Application of Concurrency to System Design, p. 34-40, Fukushima, Japan, March 1998 Hierarchical Concurrent Finite State Machines in Ptolemy
-40, Fukushima, Japan, March 1998 Hierarchical Concurrent Finite State Machines in Ptolemy Bilung Lee and Edward
The portfolio of generation facilities in Japan's electric power sector, past and future
Japan consumes a considerable amount of the world's energy, and it occupies an even more important position in the markets for internationally traded energy. Because sufficient domestic fossil-fuel reserves are not ...
Nishimura, Naoto
Ancestral land, inheritance, and the revitalization or rural Japan: the case of Ogata Village
Three themes are especially significant in rural Japan today. The first two are the traditional strong sense of ancestral land ties shared by Japanese farmers and the shortage of heirs problem (atotsugi mondai), which they face. The third...
Wood, Donald C
The regulation of irregular work in Japan : from collusion to conflict
Japan's labor markets are clearly segmented between regular and irregular workers. Regular workers enjoy employment stability, good wages and promotion, and access to good pensions and health plans. Irregular workers-contract, ...
Cisneros, Nathan (Nathan Burley)
Cooperation over conflict : the women's movement and the state in contemporary Japan
Progress on women's equality in Japan is found to be constrained by state intervention in the women's movement. This intervention takes the form of regulations that limit the independence of women's group, as well as ...
Murase, Miriam Y. (Miriam Yuko), 1967-
A lean enterprise approach for developing high speed rail in Japan and Portugal
This thesis explores and evaluates the application of the lean enterprise concept to the expansion and development of the high speed railway industry in Japan. The basic idea of the lean enterprise is increasing value-added ...
Iwamura, Nobuhiro
Analysis of a Japan government intervention on the domestic agriculture market
We investigate an economic system in which one large agent - the Japan government changes the environment of numerous smaller agents - the Japan agriculture producers by indirect regulation of prices of agriculture goods. The reason for this intervention was that before the oil crisis in 1974 Japan agriculture production prices exhibited irregular and large amplitude changes. By means of analysis of correlations and a combination of singular spectrum analysis (SSA), principal component analysis (PCA), and time delay phase space construction (TDPSC) we study the influence of the government measures on the domestic piglet prices and production in Japan. We show that the government regulation politics was successful and leaded (i) to a decrease of the nonstationarities and to increase of predictability of the piglet price; (ii) to a coupling of the price and production cycles; (iii) to increase of determinism of the dynamics of the fluctuations of piglet price around the year average price. The investigated case...
Vitanov, N K; Jordanov, I P; Managi, S; Demura, K; Vitanov, Nikolay K.; Sakai, Kenshi; Jordanov, Ivan P.; Managi, Shunsuke; Demura, Katsuhiko
Alerting Humanitarians to Emergencies TOKYO, March 9 (Reuters) -Japan warned the European Union on Wednesday
to construct the first thermonuclear reactor -- the European Union, Japan, China, the United States, Russia Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is forecast to cost some 4.6 billion euros ($6.14 billion) over 10
Japan and Taiwan in the wake of bio-globalization : drugs, race and standards
This is a study of Japan and Taiwan's different responses to the expansion of the global drug industry. The thesis focuses on the problematic of "voicing," of how a state can make its interests heard in the International ...
Kuo, Wen-Hua
Risk management and governance for PFI Project : technology policy lessons from the case of Japan
Japan has a long history of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs); however, it has experienced many failures but learned various lessons from them. The representative example is a management failure of the third sector, which ...
Matsumoto, Takuji, S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Innovation performance, policy, and infrastructure : a comparison of Japan and the U.S.
With flagship corporations in Japan struggling to complete a highly globalized market against increased competition from the US and Asia, the Japanese government has been striving to increase the competitiveness and improve ...
Oshi, Tomoko
E-Print Network 3.0 - ariake bay japan Sample Search Results
domestic waste Start... : domestic waste Start-up: 2013 Japan, Bekki Hayami, Oita Pref. Energy recovery: electricity Capacity: 2 x... 5Mgh Fuel: domestic waste Start-up: 2013...
-News Home Help EU gives Japan until June to reach deal on nuclear project
's support. news web sites Japan and France are vying to host the multi-billion dollar International, China and Russia back France's bid for it to be based in Cadarache, southern France. news web sites
-News Home Help EU presses Japan to compromise on nuclear project
. news web sites But Japan has not yet responded to the suggestion to end the row over the International web sites ITER, which would emulate the sun's nuclear fusion, is not expected to generate
Localizing public dispute resolution in Japan : lessons from experiments with deliberative policy-making
Can consensus building processes, as practiced in the US, be used to resolve infrastructure disputes in Japan? Since the 1990s, proposals to construct highways, dams, ports and airports, railways, as well as to redevelop ...
Matsuura, Masahiro, 1974-
States of the nations : nationalism, narratives and normative change in Postwar Japan
This dissertation evaluates claims that nationalism is rising in post-Cold War Japan by first noting the disconnect between existent social science conceptions of nationalism and those needed to examine how nationalism ...
Boyd, James Patrick, 1971-
A comparative study of the diffusion of antihypertensive and antidepressant medications in Germany in Japan
This thesis analyzes and compares the diffusion of antihypertensive and antidepressant medications in Germany and Japan during the time period of 1992 and 2003. The antihypertensive medications are classified as new, middle ...
Cui, Ling, 1978-
Structural and organizational changes of the housebuilding industry in the United States and Japan
This study has three parts. The first chapter investigates the construction sectors in the United States and Japan using the analytical framework of interindustry analysis. Six U.S. and five Japanese input-output tables ...
Minami, Kazunobu
Exclusive 0 electroproduction on transversely polarized protons
Exclusive 0 electroproduction on transversely polarized protons A. Airapetian,12, 15 N. Akopov,26 Z. Akopov,26 E.C. Aschenauer,6 W. Augustyniak,25 A. Avetissian,26 E. Avetisyan,5 B. Ball,15 N. Bianchi,10 H
Polar King: Proposed Penalty (2013-CE-5328)
DOE alleged in a Notice of Proposed Civil Penalty that Polar King International Inc. failed to certify a variety of walk-in cooler or freezer components as compliant with the applicable energy conservation standards.
Infrared polarization measurements of Io in 1986
New polarization measurements of Io were made with two different polarimeters at 3.8 and 4.8 microns. The measurements, at phase angles of about 2 deg, detect the polarization of reflected sunlight at both wavelengths. Only upper limits can be determined for the volcanic activity in 1986, but these limits show that there has been a remarkable decrease in activity, particularly of the Loki volcano, at these short wavelengths. The 1984 data (Goguen and Sinton (1985) are reanalyzed with the new model, which includes polarization of reflected sunlight. The large amount of thermal emission from the Loki volcano in 1984 produced a polarization that was dominant over that of reflected sunlight. 29 references.
Sinton, W.M.; Goguen, J.D.; Nagata, T.; Ellis, H.B. Jr.; Werner, M.
Coherent control of polarized neutron interferometry
In this thesis, we describe two sets of experiments using a single crystal neutron interferometer. First, we explore applications of quantum information processing (QIP) to magnetic materials characterization using polarized ...
Abutaleb, Mohamed Osama
On frequency dependence of pulsar linear polarization
Frequency dependence of pulsar linear polarization is investigated by simulations of emission and propagation processes. Linearly polarized waves are generated through curvature radiation by relativistic particles streaming along curved magnetic field lines, which have ordinary mode (O-mode) and extra-ordinary mode (X-mode) components. As emitted waves propagate outwards, two mode components are separated due to re- fraction of the O mode, and their polarization states are also modified. According to the radius to frequency mapping, low frequency emission is generated from higher magnetosphere, where significant rotation effect leads the X and O modes to be sepa- rated. Hence, the low frequency radiation has a large fraction of linear polarization. As the frequency increases, emission is generated from lower heights, where the rotation effect becomes weaker and the distribution regions of two modes are more overlapped. Hence, more significant depolarization appears for emission at higher frequencies. In addit...
Wang, P F; Han, J L
An econometric approach to understanding the international tourism flows from Japan to Taiwan
AN ECONOMETRIC APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING THE INTERNATIONAL TOURISM FLOWS FROM JAPAN TO TAIWAN A Thesis by CHUN-LING CHANG Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas AdtM University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree... of MASTER OF SCIENCE August l993 Major Subject: Recreation k. Resources Development AN ECONOMETRIC APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING THE INTERNATIONAL TOURISM FLOWS FROM JAPAN TO TAIWAN A Thesis by CHUN-LING CHANG Submitted to Texas ARM University...
Chang, Chun-Ling
Basic Solar Energy Research in Japan (2011 EFRC Forum)
Kazunari Domen, Chemical System Engineering Professor at the University of Tokyo, was the second speaker in the May 26, 2011 EFRC Forum session, "Global Perspectives on Frontiers in Energy Research." In his presentation, Professor Domen talked about basic solar energy research in Japan. The 2011 EFRC Summit and Forum brought together the EFRC community and science and policy leaders from universities, national laboratories, industry and government to discuss "Science for our Nation's Energy Future." In August 2009, the Office of Science established 46 Energy Frontier Research Centers. The EFRCs are collaborative research efforts intended to accelerate high-risk, high-reward fundamental research, the scientific basis for transformative energy technologies of the future. These Centers involve universities, national laboratories, nonprofit organizations, and for-profit firms, singly or in partnerships, selected by scientific peer review. They are funded at $2 to $5 million per year for a total planned DOE commitment of $777 million over the initial five-year award period, pending Congressional appropriations. These integrated, multi-investigator Centers are conducting fundamental research focusing on one or more of several ?grand challenges? and use-inspired ?basic research needs? recently identified in major strategic planning efforts by the scientific community. The purpose of the EFRCs is to integrate the talents and expertise of leading scientists in a setting designed to accelerate research that transforms the future of energy and the environment.
Domen, Kazunari (University of Tokyo)
g always have the same non-zero eigen- values! Furthermore, if E = F, then 0 is an eigenvalue for fChapter 2 Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Polar Form 2.1 Polar Form In this chapter, we = f(u), f(v) = u, (f f)(v) . Similarly, f f is self-adjoint. 29 #12;30 CHAPTER 2. SINGULAR VALUE
High Energy Polarization of Blazars : Detection Prospects
Emission from blazar jets in the ultraviolet, optical, and infrared is polarized. If these low-energy photons were inverse-Compton scattered, the upscattered high-energy photons retain a fraction of the polarization. Current and future X-ray and gamma-ray polarimeters such as INTEGRAL-SPI, PoGOLITE, X-Calibur, Gamma-Ray Burst Polarimeter, GEMS-like missions, ASTRO-H, and POLARIX have the potential to discover polarized X-rays and gamma-rays from blazar jets for the first time. Detection of such polarization will open a qualitatively new window into high-energy blazar emission; actual measurements of polarization degree and angle will quantitatively test theories of jet emission mechanisms. We examine the detection prospects of blazars by these polarimetry missions using examples of 3C 279, PKS 1510-089, and 3C 454.3, bright sources with relatively high degrees of low-energy polarization. We conclude that while balloon polarimeters will be challenged to detect blazars within reasonable observational times (wit...
Chakraborty, Nachiketa; Fields, Brian
Magnetic Landscape of Sun's Polar Region
We present the magnetic landscape of the polar region of the Sun that is unprecedented in terms of high spatial resolution, large field of view, and polarimetric precision. These observations were carried out with the Solar Optical Telescope aboard \\emph{Hinode}. Using a Milne-Eddington inversion, we found many vertically-oriented magnetic flux tubes with field strength as strong as 1 kG that are scattered in latitude between 70-90 degree. They all have the same polarity, consistent with the global polarity of the polar region. The field vectors were observed to diverge from the center of the flux elements, consistent with a view of magnetic fields that expand and fan out with height. The polar region is also covered with ubiquitous horizontal fields. The polar regions are the source of the fast solar wind channelled along unipolar coronal magnetic fields whose photospheric source is evidently rooted in the strong field, vertical patches of flux. We conjecture that vertical flux tubes with large expansion around the photosphere-corona boundary serve as efficient chimneys for Alfven waves that accelerate the solar wind.
S. Tsuneta; K. Ichimoto; Y. Katsukawa; B. W. Lites; K. Matsuzaki; S. Nagata; D. Orozco Suarez; T. Shimizu; M. Shimojo; R. A. Shine; Y. Suematsu; T. K. Suzuki; T. D. Tarbell; A. M. Title
Measurements of the Total Cross Section for the Scattering of Polarized Neutrons from Polarized $^3$He
Measurements of polarized neutron--polarized $^3$He scattering are reported. The target consisted of cryogenically-polarized solid $^3$He, thickness 0.04 atom/b and polarization 40%. The longitudinal and transverse total cross-section differences $\\Delta\\sigma_L$ and $\\Delta\\sigma_T$ were measured for incident neutron energies 2-8 MeV. The results are compared to phase-shift predictions based on four different analyses of n-$^3$He scattering. The best agreement is obtained with a recent R-matrix analysis of A=4 scattering and reaction data, lending strong suport to the $^4$He level scheme obtained in that analysis.
C. D. Keith; C. R. Gould; D. G. Haase; M. L. Seely; P. R. Huffman; N. R. Roberson; W. Tornow; W. S. Wilburn
The High Temperature Engineering Test Reactor (HTTR) of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) is a 30 MWth, graphite-moderated, helium-cooled reactor that was constructed with the objectives to establish and upgrade the technological basis for advanced high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) as well as to conduct various irradiation tests for innovative high-temperature research. The core size of the HTTR represents about one-half of that of future HTGRs, and the high excess reactivity of the HTTR, necessary for compensation of temperature, xenon, and burnup effects during power operations, is similar to that of future HTGRs. During the start-up core physics tests of the HTTR, various annular cores were formed to provide experimental data for verification of design codes for future HTGRs. The experimental benchmark performed and currently evaluated in this report pertains to the data available for two zero-power, warm-critical measurements with the fully-loaded HTTR core. Six isothermal temperature coefficients for the fully-loaded core from approximately 340 to 740 K have also been evaluated. These experiments were performed as part of the power-up tests (References 1 and 2). Evaluation of the start-up core physics tests specific to the fully-loaded core (HTTR-GCR-RESR-001) and annular start-up core loadings (HTTR-GCR-RESR-002) have been previously evaluated.
John D. Bess; Nozomu Fujimoto; James W. Sterbentz; Luka Snoj; Atsushi Zukeran
Hamiltonian tools for the analysis of optical polarization control
with conventional polarizers that unavoidably waste 50% of unpolarized light [1]. By using a photorefractive two unpolarized signal beam, almost without any loss of energy. Along the same way, an arbitrary polarization a "universal polarizer" perform- ing polarization of unpolarized light with 100% efficiency, in contrast
Boyer, Edmond
Seyferts on the edge: polar scattering and orientation-dependent polarization in Seyfert 1 nuclei
We have identified 12 Seyfert 1 galaxies that exhibit optical polarization spectra similar to those of Seyfert 2 galaxies in which polarized broad-lines are detected. We present new spectropolarimetric observations of 3 of them: Was 45, Mrk 231 and NGC 3227. These objects appear to be polarized as a result of far-field scattering in the polar illumination cones of the circum-nuclear torus. We estimate that they represent between 10 and 30 per cent of the Seyfert 1 population; they are found amongst all the main spectroscopic sub-types, including narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies. We have shown elsewhere that Seyfert 1 nuclei more commonly have polarization characteristics that can be attributed to scattering by a compact 'equatorial' scattering region located inside the torus. We propose that both equatorial and polar scattering regions are present in all Seyfert galaxies and argue that the observed range of polarization properties can be broadly understood as an orientation effect. In this scheme, polar-scattered Seyfert 1 galaxies represent the transition between unobscured (the majority of type 1) and obscured (type 2) Seyferts. They are viewed through the upper layers of the torus and are thus subject to moderate extinction (Av ~1-4 mag) sufficient to suppress polarized light from the equatorial scattering region, but not the broad wings of the Balmer lines. The orientation of the polarization position angle relative to the radio source is broadly consistent with the two-component scattering model. More generally, we find that amongst Seyferts 1 galaxies, parallel, perpendicular and intermediate orientations of the polarization PA relative to the radio axis occur roughly in the proportions 2:1:1.
J. E. Smith; A. Robinson; D. M. Alexander; S. Young; D. J. Axon; Elizabeth A. Corbett
Efficient polarization gating of high-order harmonic generation by polarization-shaped ultrashort pulses
Polarization gating of high-order harmonic generation takes advantage of the significant reduction of har for generation of polarization gated pulses using wave-plate combinations is inefficient, and propose photon energy radiation from the harmonic spectrum. Need- less to say, the generation of near single
Silberberg, Yaron
SKA Deep Polarization and Cosmic Magnetism
Deep surveys with the SKA1-MID array offer for the first time the opportunity to systematically explore the polarization properties of the microJy source population. Our knowledge of the polarized sky approaching these levels is still very limited. In total intensity the population will be dominated by star-forming and normal galaxies to intermediate redshifts ($z \\sim1-2$), and low-luminosity AGN to high redshift. The polarized emission from these objects is a powerful probe of their intrinsic magnetic fields and of their magnetic environments. For redshift of order 1 and above the broad bandwidth of the mid-bands span the Faraday thick and thin regimes allowing study of the intrinsic polarization properties of these objects as well as depolarization from embedded and foreground plasmas. The deep field polarization images will provide Rotation Measures data with very high solid angle density allowing a sensitive statistical analysis of the angular variation of RM on critical arc-minute scales from a magnetic...
Taylor, A R; Akahori, Takuya; Beck, Rainer; Gaensler, Bryan; Heald, George; Johnston-Hollitt, Melanie; Langer, Mathieu; Rudnick, Lawrence; Ryu, Dongsu; Scaife, Anna; Schleicher, Dominik; Stil, Jeroen
We present 450 {mu}m polarimetric observations of the M17 molecular cloud obtained with the SHARP polarimeter at the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory. Across the observed region, the magnetic field orientation is consistent with previous submillimeter and far-infrared polarization measurements. Our observations are centered on a region of the molecular cloud that has been compressed by stellar winds from a cluster of OB stars. We have compared these new data with previous 350 {mu}m polarimetry and find an anti-correlation between the 450 and 350 {mu}m polarization magnitude ratio and the ratio of 21 cm to 450 {mu}m intensity. The polarization ratio is lower near the east end of the studied region where the cloud is exposed to stellar winds and radiation. At the west end of the region, the polarization ratio is higher. We interpret the varying polarization spectrum as evidence supporting the radiative alignment torque model for grain alignment, implying higher alignment efficiency in the region that is exposed to a higher anisotropic radiation field.
Zeng Lingzhen; Jimenez-Serra, Izaskun [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Bennett, Charles L. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218 (United States); Chapman, Nicholas L.; Novak, Giles [Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208 (United States); Chuss, David T. [Observational Cosmology Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States); Vaillancourt, John E., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [SOFIA Science Center, Universities Space Research Association, NASA Ames Research Center, MS 232-11, Moffett Field, CA 94035 (United States)
Statistics of Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization
We present a formalism for analyzing a full-sky temperature and polarization map of the cosmic microwave background. Temperature maps are analyzed by expanding over the set of spherical harmonics to give multipole moments of the two-point correlation function. Polarization, which is described by a second-rank tensor, can be treated analogously by expanding in the appropriate tensor spherical harmonics. We provide expressions for the complete set of temperature and polarization multipole moments for scalar and tensor metric perturbations. Four sets of multipole moments completely describe isotropic temperature and polarization correlations; for scalar metric perturbations one set is identically zero, giving the possibility of a clean determination of the vector and tensor contributions. The variance with which the multipole moments can be measured in idealized experiments is evaluated, including the effects of detector noise, sky coverage, and beam width. Finally, we construct coordinate-independent polarization two-point correlation functions, express them in terms of the multipole moments, and derive small-angle limits.
Marc Kamionkowski; Arthur Kosowsky; Albert Stebbins
Undulator-Based Production of Polarized Photons
"Project Title: Undulator-Based Production of Polarized Photons" DOE Contract Number: FG02-04ER41355 Principal Investigator: Prof. Kirk McDonald Period of Performance: 09/10/2004 thru 08/31/2006 This award was to fund Princeton's activity on SLAC experiment E166, "Undulator-Based Production of Polarized Positrons" which was performed at SLAC during June and September 2005. Princeton U. fabricated a magnetic spectrometer for this experiment, and participated in the commissioning, operation, and analysis of the experiment, for which Prof. McDonald was a co-spokesperson. The experiment demonstrated that an intense positron beam with 80% longitudinal polarization could be generated by conversion of MeVenergy circularly polarized photons in a thin target, which photons were generated by passage of high-energy electrons through a helical undulator. This technique has since been adopted as the baseline for the polarized positron source of the proposed International Linear Collider. Results of the experiment have been published in Physical Review Letters, vol 100, p 210801 (2008) [see attached .pdf file], and a longer paper is in preparation.
Professor Kirk McDonald
An Analysis of the DER Adoption Climate in Japan Using Optimization Results for Prototype Buildings with U.S. Comparisons
Test Results of a Micro Gas Turbine, The Japan Society ofperformance of the P15 07 micro gas turbine, and determined
Zhou, Nan; Marnay, Chris; Firestone, Ryan; Gao, Weijun; Nishida, Masaru
Greater flexibility, greater growth: A comparative study of labor and capitalist models in Japan, Germany, and the United States.
??After the end of the Second World War, three major economic powers emerged. Japan in Asia, Germany in Europe, and the United States in North… (more)
Thompson, Jay Arthur
SAR polar format implementation with MATLAB.
Traditional polar format image formation for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) requires a large amount of processing power and memory in order to accomplish in real-time. These requirements can thus eliminate the possible usage of interpreted language environments such as MATLAB. However, with trapezoidal aperture phase history collection and changes to the traditional polar format algorithm, certain optimizations make MATLAB a possible tool for image formation. Thus, this document's purpose is two-fold. The first outlines a change to the existing Polar Format MATLAB implementation utilizing the Chirp Z-Transform that improves performance and memory usage achieving near realtime results for smaller apertures. The second is the addition of two new possible image formation options that perform a more traditional interpolation style image formation. These options allow the continued exploration of possible interpolation methods for image formation and some preliminary results comparing image quality are given.
Martin, Grant D.; Doerry, Armin Walter
Imprinted spiral structures as neutron polarizers.
Neutron diffraction from magnetic spiral structures is governed by strong selection rules for the polarization of the outgoing beam. When the sample is entirely of one chirality--for instance a right handed spiral--the neutrons diffracted by some Bragg reflections are fully polarized. While the scattering theory has been formulated long ago, attempts to controllably modify the population of left handed and right handed spiral domains in natural magnetic structures (which for instance occur in some rare earth metals) have been largely unsuccessful. In contrast, we have been able to imprint helical magnetic structures in La/Fe multilayers (each layer approximately 30 {angstrom} thick) simply by rotating the growing sample in a weak external field (30e). A first estimate is given of the efficiency of these multilayers as polarizers of neutron beams.
Lohstroh, W.
This contribution describes some of the challenges associated with developing a polarized electron source capable of uninterrupted days-long operation at milliAmpere average beam current with polarization greater than 80%. Challenges will be presented in the context of assessing the required level of extrapolation beyond the performance of today's CEBAF polarized source operating at ? 200 uA average current. Estimates of performance at higher current will be based on hours-long demonstrations at 1 and 4 mA. Particular attention will be paid to beam-related lifetime-limiting mechanisms, and strategies to construct a photogun that operate reliably at bias voltage > 350kV.
Poelker, M. [Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606 (United States)
Electric field induced spin-polarized current
A device and a method for generating an electric-field-induced spin current are disclosed. A highly spin-polarized electric current is generated using a semiconductor structure and an applied electric field across the semiconductor structure. The semiconductor structure can be a hole-doped semiconductor having finite or zero bandgap or an undoped semiconductor of zero bandgap. In one embodiment, a device for injecting spin-polarized current into a current output terminal includes a semiconductor structure including first and second electrodes, along a first axis, receiving an applied electric field and a third electrode, along a direction perpendicular to the first axis, providing the spin-polarized current. The semiconductor structure includes a semiconductor material whose spin orbit coupling energy is greater than room temperature (300 Kelvin) times the Boltzmann constant. In one embodiment, the semiconductor structure is a hole-doped semiconductor structure, such as a p-type GaAs semiconductor layer.
Murakami, Shuichi; Nagaosa, Naoto; Zhang, Shoucheng
Polarization measurement of laser-accelerated protons
We report on the successful use of a laser-driven few-MeV proton source to measure the differential cross section of a hadronic scattering reaction as well as on the measurement and simulation study of polarization observables of the laser-accelerated charged particle beams. These investigations were carried out with thin foil targets, illuminated by 100 TW laser pulses at the Arcturus laser facility; the polarization measurement is based on the spin dependence of hadronic proton scattering off nuclei in a Silicon target. We find proton beam polarizations consistent with zero magnitude which indicates that for these particular laser-target parameters the particle spins are not aligned by the strong magnetic fields inside the laser-generated plasmas.
Raab, Natascha; Engels, Ralf; Engin, Ilhan; Greven, Patrick; Holler, Astrid; Lehrach, Andreas; Maier, Rudolf [Institut für Kernphysik and Jülich Center for Hadron Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich (Germany)] [Institut für Kernphysik and Jülich Center for Hadron Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich (Germany); Büscher, Markus, E-mail: email@example.com [Institut für Kernphysik and Jülich Center for Hadron Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich (Germany) [Institut für Kernphysik and Jülich Center for Hadron Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich (Germany); Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich (Germany); Institute for Laser- and Plasma Physics, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf (Germany); Cerchez, Mirela; Swantusch, Marco; Toncian, Monika; Toncian, Toma; Willi, Oswald [Institute for Laser- and Plasma Physics, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf (Germany)] [Institute for Laser- and Plasma Physics, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf (Germany); Gibbon, Paul; Karmakar, Anupam [Institute for Advanced Simulation, Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich (Germany)] [Institute for Advanced Simulation, Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich (Germany)
POLAR Investigation of the Sun - POLARIS
The POLAR Investigation of the Sun (POLARIS) mission uses a combination of a gravity assist and solar sail propulsion to place a spacecraft in a 0.48 AU circular orbit around the Sun with an inclination of 75 degrees with respect to solar equator. This challenging orbit is made possible by the challenging development of solar sail propulsion. This first extended view of the high-latitude regions of the Sun will enable crucial observations not possible from the ecliptic viewpoint or from Solar Orbiter. While Solar Orbiter would give the first glimpse of the high latitude magnetic field and flows to probe the solar dynamo, it does not have sufficient viewing of the polar regions to achieve POLARIS' primary objective : determining the relation between the magnetism and dynamics of the Sun's polar regions and the solar cycle.
T. Appourchaux; P. Liewer; M. Watt; D. Alexander; V. Andretta; F. Auchere; P. D'Arrigo; J. Ayon; T. Corbard; S. Fineschi; W. Finsterle; L. Floyd; G. Garbe; L. Gizon; D. Hassler; L. Harra; A. Kosovichev; J. Leibacher; M. Leipold; N. Murphy; M. Maksimovic; V. Martinez-Pillet; B. S. A. Matthews; R. Mewaldt; D. Moses; J. Newmark; S. Regnier; W. Schmutz; D. Socker; D. Spadaro; M. Stuttard; C. Trosseille; R. Ulrich; M. Velli; A. Vourlidas; C. R. Wimmer-Schweingruber; T. Zurbuchen
Meditations on Place and Spirit
This is a collection of essays loosely grouped under the subject of "nature writing." Each work focuses on a specific place and experiences I have had in the natural world. I focus on western Kansas, where I was raised in ...
Schlegel, Lisa
Separation of polar gases from nonpolar gases
Polar gases such as hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide and ammonia may be separated from nonpolar gases such as methane, nitrogen, hydrogen or carbon dioxide by passing a mixture of polar and nonpolar gases over the face of a multicomponent membrane at separation conditions. The multicomponent membrane which is used to effect the separation will comprise a mixture of a glycol plasticizer having a molecular weight of from about 200 to about 600 and an organic polymer cast on a porous support. The use of such membranes as exemplified by polyethylene glycol and silicon rubber composited on polysulfone will permit greater selectivity accompanied by a high flux rate in the separation process.
Kulprathipanja, S.; Kulkarni, S.S.
Kulprathipanja, Santi (Hoffman Estates, IL); Kulkarni, Sudhir S. (Hoffman Estates, IL)
$?$ electric dipole moment with polarized beams
High luminosity Super B/Flavor factories, near and on top of the $\\Upsilon$ resonances, allow for a detailed investigation of CP-violation in $\\tau$ physics. In particular, bounds on the $\\tau$ electric dipole moment can be obtained from CP-odd observables. We perform an independent analysis from other low and high energy data. For polarized electron beam a CP-odd asymmetry, associated to the normal polarization term, can be used to set stringent bounds on the $\\tau$ electric dipole moment.
G. A. González-Sprinberg; J. Bernabéu; J. Vidal
The separation of polar gases from nonpolar gases may be effected by passing a mixture of nonpolar gases over the face of a multicomponent membrane at separation conditions. The multicomponent membrane which is used to effect the separation will comprise a mixture of a glycol plasticizer having a molecular weight of from about 200 to about 600 and an organic polymer cast on a porous support. The porous support is pretreated prior to casting of the mixture thereon by contact with a polyhydric alcohol whereby the pores of the support are altered, thus adding to the increased permeability of the polar gas.
Kulprathipanja, S.
Kulprathipanja, Santi (Hoffman Estates, IL)
First wall for polarized fusion reactors
A first-wall or first-wall coating for use in a fusion reactor having polarized fuel may be formed of a low-Z non-metallic material having slow spin relaxation, i.e., a depolarization rate greater than 1 sec/sup -1/. Materials having these properties include hydrogenated and deuterated amorphous semiconductors. A method for preventing the rapid depolarization of a polarized plasma in a fusion device may comprise the step of providing a first-wall or first-wall coating formed of a low-Z, non-metallic material having a depolarization rate greater than 1 sec/sup -1/.
Greenside, H.S.; Budny, R.V.; Post, D.E. Jr.
Atoms can be divided into three categories: polar, non-polar and hydrogen atom
Since the time of Rutherford 1911) physicists and chemists commonly believed that with no electric field, the nucleus of an atom is at the centre of the electron cloud, atoms do not have permanent electric dipole moment (EDM), so that there is no polar atom in nature. In the fact, the idea is untested hypothesis. After ten years of intense research, our experiments showed that atoms can be divided into three categories: polar, non-polar and hydrogen atom. Alkali atoms are all polar atoms. The EDM of a Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium and Cesium atom in the ground state have been obtained as follows: d(Na)=1.28*10 to-8 power e.cm; d(K)=1.58*10 to-8 power e.cm; d(Rb)=1.70 *10 to-8 power e.cm; d(Cs)=1.86*10 to-8 power e.cm. All kind of atoms are non-polar atoms except for alkali and hydrogen atoms. Hydrogen atom is quite distinct from the others. The ground state in hydrogen is non-polar atom(d=0) but the excited state is polar atom, for example, the first excited state has a large EDM: d(H)=3ea=1.59*10 to-8 power e.cm (a is Bohr radius).
Pei-Lin You
Polarization methods for diode laser excitation of solid state lasers
A mode-locked laser employs a coupled-polarization scheme for efficient longitudinal pumping by reshaped laser diode bars. One or more dielectric polarizers are configured to reflect a pumping wavelength having a first polarization and to reflect a lasing wavelength having a second polarization. A Yb-doped gain medium can be used that absorbs light having a first polarization and emits light having a second polarization. Using such pumping with laser cavity dispersion control, pulse durations of less than 100 fs can be achieved.
Holtom, Gary R. (Richland, WA)
Induced polarization of ?(1116) in kaon electroproduction
We have measured the induced polarization of the ${\\Lambda}(1116)$ in the reaction $ep\\rightarrow e'K^+{\\Lambda}$, detecting the scattered $e'$ and $K^+$ in the final state along with the proton from the decay $\\Lambda\\rightarrow p\\pi^-$.The present study used the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS), which allowed for a large kinematic acceptance in invariant energy $W$ ($1.6\\leq W \\leq 2.7$ GeV) and covered the full range of the kaon production angle at an average momentum transfer $Q^2=1.90$ GeV$^2$.In this experiment a 5.50 GeV electron beam was incident upon an unpolarized liquid-hydrogen target. We have mapped out the $W$ and kaon production angle dependencies of the induced polarization and found striking differences from photoproduction data over most of the kinematic range studied. However, we also found that the induced polarization is essentially $Q^2$ independent in our kinematic domain, suggesting that somewhere below the $Q^2$ covered here there must be a strong $Q^2$ dependence. Along with previously published photo- and electroproduction cross sections and polarization observables, these data are needed for the development of models, such as effective field theories, and as input to coupled-channel analyses that can provide evidence of previously unobserved $s$-channel resonances.
M. Gabrielyan; B. A. Raue; D. S. Carman; K. Park; K. P. Adhikari; D. Adikaram; M. J. Amaryan; S. Anefalos Pereira; H. Avakian; J. Ball; N. A. Baltzell; M. Battaglieri; V. Baturin; I. Bedlinskiy; A. S. Biselli; J. Bono; S. Boiarinov; W. J. Briscoe; W. K. Brooks; V. D. Burkert; T. Cao; A. Celentano; S. Chandavar; G. Charles; P. L. Cole; M. Contalbrigo; O. Cortes; V. Crede; A. DAngelo; N. Dashyan; R. De Vita; E. De Sanctis; A. Deur; C. Djalali; D. Doughty; R. Dupre; L. El Fassi; P. Eugenio; G. Fedotov; S. Fegan; J. A. Fleming; T. A. Forest; B. Garillon; N. Gevorgyan; Y. Ghandilyan; G. P. Gilfoyle; K. L. Giovanetti; F. X. Girod; J. T. Goetz; E. Golovatch; R. W. Gothe; K. A. Griffioen; M. Guidal; L. Guo; K. Hafidi; H. Hakobyan; M. Hattawy; K. Hicks; D. Ho; M. Holtrop; S. M. Hughes; Y. Ilieva; D. G. Ireland; B. S. Ishkhanov; D. Jenkins; H. Jiang; H. S. Jo; K. Joo; D. Keller; M. Khandaker; W. Kim; F. J. Klein; S. Koirala; V. Kubarovsky; S. E. Kuhn; S. V. Kuleshov; P. Lenisa; W. I. Levine; K. Livingston; I. J. D. MacGregor; M. Mayer; B. McKinnon; C. A. Meyer; M. D. Mestayer; M. Mirazita; V. Mokeev; C. I. Moody; H. Moutarde; A Movsisyan; E. Munevar; C. Munoz Camacho; P. Nadel-Turonski; S. Niccolai; G. Niculescu; M. Osipenko; L. L. Pappalardo; R. Paremuzyan; E. Pasyuk; P. Peng; W. Phelps; J. J. Phillips; S. Pisano; O. Pogorelko; S. Pozdniakov; J. W. Price; S. Procureur; D. Protopopescu; D. Rimal; M. Ripani; A. Rizzo; F. Sabatie; C. Salgado; D. Schott; R. A. Schumacher; A. Simonyan; G. D. Smith; D. I. Sober; D. Sokhan; S. S. Stepanyan; S. Stepanyan; I. I. Strakovsky; S. Strauch; V. Sytnik; W. Tang; M. Ungaro; A. V. Vlassov; H. Voskanyan; E. Voutier; N. K. Walford; D. P. Watts; X. Wei; L. B. Weinstein; N. Zachariou; L. Zana; J. Zhang
approximation is substantially easier to solve than the vector radiative transport equation because it requires, and V give the polarization state of light [1]. The vector radiative transport equation governs of boundary value problems for the vector radiative transport equation. In fact, analytical solutions
Kim, Arnold D.
Electron Scattering with Polarized Targets at TESLA
Measurements of polarized electron-nucleon scattering can be realized at the TESLA linear collider facility with projected luminosities that are about two orders of magnitude higher than those expected of other experiments at comparable energies. Longitudinally polarized electrons, accelerated as a small fraction of the total current in the e+ arm of TESLA, can be directed onto a solid state target that may be either longitudinally or transversely polarized. A large variety of polarized parton distribution and fragmentation functions can be determined with unprecedented accuracy, many of them for the first time. A main goal of the experiment is the precise measurement of the x- and Q^2-dependence of the experimentally totally unknown quark transversity distributions that will complete the information on the nucleon's quark spin structure as relevant for high energy processes. Comparing their Q^2-evolution to that of the corresponding helicity distributions constitutes an important precision test of the predictive power of QCD in the spin sector. Measuring transversity distributions and tensor charges allows access to the hitherto unmeasured chirally odd operators in QCD which are of great importance to understand the role of chiral symmetry. The possibilities of using unpolarized targets and of experiments with a real photon beam turn TESLA-N into a versatile next-generation facility at the intersection of particle and nuclear physics.
The TESLA-N Study Group; :; M. Anselmino; E. C. Aschenauer; S. Belostotski; W. Bialowons; J. Bluemlein; V. Braun; R. Brinkmann; M. Dueren; F. Ellinghaus; K. Goeke; St. Goertz; A. Gute; J. Harmsen; D. v. Harrach; R. Jakob; E. M. Kabuss; R. Kaiser; V. Korotkov; P. Kroll; E. Leader; B. Lehmann-Dronke; L. Mankiewicz; A. Meier; W. Meyer; N. Meyners; D. Mueller; P. J. Mulders; W. -D. Nowak; L. Niedermeier; K. Oganessyan; P. V. Pobilitsa; M. V. Polyakov; G. Reicherz; K. Rith; D. Ryckbosch; A. Schaefer; K. Sinram; G. v. d. Steenhoven; E. Steffens; J. Steijger; C. Weiss
Local Polarization Dynamics in Ferroelectric Materials
Ferroelectrics and multiferroics have recently emerged as perspective materials for information technology and data storage applications. The combination of extremely narrow domain wall width and the capability to manipulate polarization by electric field opens the pathway towards ultrahigh (>10 TBit/in2) storage densities and small (sub-10 nm) feature sizes. The coupling between polarization and chemical and transport properties enables applications in ferroelectric lithography and electroresistive devices. The progress in these applications, as well as fundamental studies of polarization dynamics and the role of defects and disorder on domain nucleation and wall motion, requires the capability to probe these effects on the nanometer scale. In this review, we summarize recent progress in applications of Piezoresponse Force Microscopy (PFM) for imaging, manipulation, and spectroscopy of ferroelectric switching processes. We briefly introduce the principles and relevant instrumental aspects of PFM, with special emphasis on resolution and information limits. The local imaging studies of domain dynamics, including local switching and relaxation accessed through imaging experiments, and spectroscopic studies of polarization switching, are discussed in detail. Finally, we briefly review the recent progress on photochemical processes on ferroelectric surfaces, the role of surface adsorbates, and imaging and switching in liquids. Beyond classical applications, probing local bias-induced transition dynamics by PFM opens the pathway to studies of the influence of a single defect on electrochemical and solid state processes, thus providing model systems for batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitor applications.
Kalinin, Sergei V [ORNL; Morozovska, A. N. [National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine; Chen, L. Q. [Pennsylvania State University; Rodriguez, Brian J [ORNL
Theoretical and experimental investigation of polarization spectroscopy
, Sweden. Polarization spectroscopy saturation curves in the co-propagating beam geometry from the excitation of OH A ˛[]?-X˛[] (0,0) at the Q?(8) line for sub-atmospheric pressures have been fitted to the proposed model. The model proposed in this work...
Hanna, Sherif Fayez
Controlled switching of ultrafast circular polarization oscillations in spin-polarized vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers
We demonstrate a scheme for controlled switching of polarization oscillations in spin-polarized vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (spin-VCSEL). Under hybrid electrical and optical pumping conditions, our VCSEL devices show polarization oscillations with frequencies far above the VCSEL's electrical modulation bandwidth. Using multiple optical pulses, we are able to excite and amplify these polarization oscillations. When specific phase and amplitude conditions for the optical excitation pulses are met, destructive interference leads to switch-off of the polarization oscillation, enabling the generation of controlled short polarization bursts.
Höpfner, Henning, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Lindemann, Markus; Gerhardt, Nils C.; Hofmann, Martin R. [Photonics and Terahertz Technology, Ruhr-University Bochum, D-44780 Bochum (Germany)
Recent experimental and analytic progress in the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokamak-60 Upgrade with W-shaped divertor
remote radiative divertor is necessary for the heat control. The prompt exhaust of helium ash and the reRecent experimental and analytic progress in the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokamak-60 Upgrade with W-shaped divertor configuration* H. Shirai,a) and the JT-60 Teamb) Japan Atomic Energy
Hudson, Stuart
ELT in Iranian high schools in Iran, Malaysia and Japan 131 ELT in Iranian high schools in
ELT in Iranian high schools in Iran, Malaysia and Japan 131 ELT in Iranian high schools in Iran teachers using prescribed textbooks at Iranian high schools in Iran, Japan and Malaysia. Based on my own testing instruments, influence how teachers use these textbooks. In Iran, the highly standardized national
Polarization Observables From The Photoproduction Of Omega-Mesons Using Linearly Polarized Photons
We report on the extraction of Polarization Observables Spin Density Matrix Elements (SDMEs), and Beam Asymmetry Sigma for omega meson photoproduction using a beam of linearly polarized photons in the photon energy region of Egamma = 1.3 to 1.7 GeV, by means of the angular distributions of the daughter pions from omega decay. These preliminary results are from the g8b dataset, which were collected with the CLAS detector in Hall B of Jefferson Lab.
Martinez, Danny [Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID (United States); Cole, Philip L. [Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID (United States)
Polarization Entangled Photons at X-Ray Energies
We show that polarization entangled photons at x-ray energies can be generated via spontaneous parametric down conversion. Each of the four Bell states can be generated by choosing the angle of incidence and polarization of the pumping beam.
S. Shwartz; S. E. Harris
Analysis of radiation mechanism and polarizing properties of metamaterials
(cont.) isotropic permeability. The characteristics used as a basis for comparison are: 1. Leakage of light (transmittance) through a pair of crossed-polarizers, and 2. Fresnel coefficients of a single polarizer. The ...
Nikku, Madhusudhan, 1980-
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization with a Water-Soluble Rigid Biradical
A new biradical polarizing agent, bTbtk-py, for dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) experiments in aqueous media is reported. The synthesis is discussed in light of the requirements of the optimum, theoretical, biradical ...
Kiesewetter, Matthew K.
Spatially and polarization resolved plasmon mediated transmission through continuous metal
Spatially and polarization resolved plasmon mediated transmission through continuous metal films Y transmission through an embedded undulated continuous thin metal film under normal incidence. 1D undulations resolved, polarization independent transmission. Whereas the needed submicron microstructure lends itself
Electromagnetic Light in Medium of Polarized Atoms $^3$He
First, it is predicted that polarized atoms $^3$He increase a value of speed electromagnetic waves. This reasoning implies that the velocity of electromagnetic waves into gas consisting of polarized atoms $^3$He is rather than one in vacuum.
V. N. Minasyan
Polarization Properties of A Multi-Moded Concentrator
We present the design and performance of a non-imaging concentrator for use in broad-band polarimetry at millimeter through submillimeter wavelengths. A rectangular geometry preserves the input polarization state as the concentrator couples f/2 incident optics to a 2 pi sr detector. Measurements of the co-polar and cross-polar beams in both the few-mode and highly over-moded limits agree with a simple model based on mode truncation. The measured co-polar beam pattern is nearly independent of frequency in both linear polarizations. The cross-polar beam pattern is dominated by a uniform term corresponding to polarization efficiency 94%. After correcting for efficiency, the remaining cross-polar response is -18 dB.
Kogut, A; Hill, R S
Polarization energy loss in hot viscous quark-gluon plasma
The gluon polarization tensor for the quark-gluon plasma with shear viscosity is derived with the viscous chromohydrodynamics. The longitudinal and transverse dielectric functions are evaluated from the gluon polarization tensor, through which the polarization energy loss suffered by a fast quark traveling through the viscous quark-gluon plasma is investigated. The numerical analysis indicates that shear viscosity significantly reduces the polarization energy loss.
Bing-Feng Jiang; Defu Hou; Jia-Rong Li
Monday, March 12, 2007 MARS POLAR LAYERED DEPOSITS
acquired a unique dataset over the north polar layered deposits and residual ices. Here, we reviewMonday, March 12, 2007 MARS POLAR LAYERED DEPOSITS 2:30 p.m. Marina Plaza Ballroom Chairs: R. J. Phillips J. J. Plaut 2:30 p.m. Tanaka K. L. * North Polar Layered Deposits on Mars as Revealed by Hi
Rathbun, Julie A.
A High Density Polarized Hydrogen Gas Target for Storage Rings
A High Density Polarized Hydrogen Gas Target for Storage Rings K. Zapfe \\Lambday , B. Braun z , H of gaseous polarized hydrogen was formed by injecting polarized H atoms (produced by SternÂGerlach spin separation) into a storage cell consisting of a cylindrical tube open at both ends. The target was placed
Polarization of fast particle beams by collisional pumping
Method and apparatus for highly polarizing a fast beam of particles by collisional pumping, including generating a fast beam of particles, and also generating a thick electron-spin-polarized medium positioned as a target for the beam. The target is made sufficiently thick to allow the beam to interact with the medium to produce collisional pumping whereby the beam becomes highly polarized.
Stearns, J. Warren (Castro Valley, CA); Kaplan, Selig N. (El Cerrito, CA); Pyle, Robert V. (Berkeley, CA); Anderson, L. Wilmer (Madison, WI); Ruby, Lawrence (Berkeley, CA); Schlachter, Alfred S. (Oakland, CA)
Nonlinear magneto-optic polarization rotation with intense laser fields
. A polarization analyzer P2 is placed after the cell and titled 45 degrees with respect to the polarizer. Photodiodes PD1 and PD2 detect the light from both chan- nels of the analyzer, allowing simultaneous measurements of the polarization...
Hsu, Paul S.; Patnaik, Anil K.; Welch, George R.
Sea Ice Enhancements to Polar WRF* Keith M. Hines1**
covering Europe and the Arctic Ocean demonstrate remote impacts of Arctic sea ice thickness on18 midSea Ice Enhancements to Polar WRF* Keith M. Hines1** , David H. Bromwich,1,2 , Lesheng Bai1 model (Polar WRF), a polar-optimized version of2 WRF, is developed by and available to the community
Howat, Ian M.
Modified Black Hole with Polar Jet and Vortex
There are many models relating an accretion disk of Black Hole to jet outflow. The herein heuristic model describes the continuation of an external accretion disk to an internal accretion disk for less than Black Hole horizon, and subsequent polar jet outflow along polar axis out of polar vortex wherein the event horizon is no longer descriptive.
T. Tmmalm
The Olympus Scandal and Corporate Governance Reform: Can Japan Find a Middle Ground between the Board Monitoring Model and Management Model
OLYMPUS SCANDAL AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REFORM: CAN JAPANScandal and Corporate Governance Issues A. Background of theunder Japan's Corporate Governance System ..
Aronson, Bruce E.
Polarity characterization by anomalous x-ray dispersion of ZnO films and GaN lateral polar structures
We demonstrate the use of anomalous x-ray scattering of constituent cations at their absorption edge, in a conventional Bragg-Brentano diffractometer, to measure absolutely and quantitatively the polar orientation and polarity fraction of unipolar and mixed polar wurtzitic crystals. In one set of experiments, the gradual transition between c+ and c? polarity of epitaxial ZnO films on sapphire as a function of MgO buffer layer thickness is monitored quantitatively, while in a second experiment, we map the polarity of a lateral polar homojunction in GaN. The dispersion measurements are compared with piezoforce microscopy images, and we demonstrate how x-ray dispersion and scanning probe methods can provide complementary information that can discriminate between polarity fractions at a material surface and polarity fractions averaged over the film bulk.
Shelton, Christopher T.; Sachet, Edward; Paisley, Elizabeth A.; Hoffmann, Marc P.; Rajan, Joseph; Collazo, Ramón; Sitar, Zlatko; Maria, Jon-Paul [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695 (United States)
2000 JAPAN-USA Symposium on Flexible Automation July 23-26, 2000, Ann Arbor, MI
2000 JAPAN-USA Symposium on Flexible Automation July 23-26, 2000, Ann Arbor, MI 2000JUSFA-US1 OFF-LINE ERROR RECOVERY LOGIC SYNTHESIS IN AUTOMATED ASSEMBLY LINES BY USING GENETIC PROGRAMMING Cem M. Baydar by the experts or automated error recovery logic controllers embedded in the system. The previous work
Saitou, Kazuhiro "Kazu"
00100 -1 -IEA Heat Pump Conference 2011, 1619 May 2011, Tokyo, Japan
00100 - 1 - 10th IEA Heat Pump Conference 2011, 16Â19 May 2011, Tokyo, Japan MEASURING, were estimated based on measurement data in order to improve the efficiency of the heat source-2012. Keywords: Sustainable Campus, University Facilities, Hospital, CO2 Emissions Reduction, Heat
Miyashita, Yasushi
Nonseasonal sea level variations in the Japan//East Sea from satellite altimeter data
in the south, and the Japan Basin in the north (Figure 1a). The Yamato Rise is located in the middle. Water Current (EKWC) along the east coast of Korea, and the Offshore Branch (OB) into the south of the Ulleung° gridded hydrographic data. [5] Instantaneous co
NOAA/NMFS Developments U.S.-Japan Fishery Trade Talks
transactions which in the past have been foreclosed. Because of the absence of that market, the U.S. indus- try to the large Japanese market for seafoods. The understanding was reached after a series of meetings opportunities in Japan, assist in resolving problems in specific fisheries trade transactions, and assist U
Masatsu kakuhan setsugo "Friction Stir Welding Complete aspects of FSW" Japan Welding Society
Masatsu kakuhan setsugo  "Friction Stir Welding  Complete aspects of FSW" Japan Welding Society years ago that the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) method was proposed by TWI. Because FSW is a solid state welding method, the peak temperature reached during FSW welding is lower than the traditional welding
Cambridge, University of
Orographic effects during winter cold air outbreaks over the Sea of Japan (East Sea): Results
scatterometer wind measurements, such as the wakes (vortex street) in the lee of peaks along the range. Our of the coastal topography on the surface wind field during outbreaks has not been investigated in de- tail equations, orographic effect, gap wind, rotating channel flow, Rossby adjustment, Sea of Japan, air
Scotti, Alberto
Advanced Robotics, Vol. 21, No. 10, pp. 11151129 (2007) VSP and Robotics Society of Japan 2007.
Advanced Robotics, Vol. 21, No. 10, pp. 1115Â1129 (2007) VSP and Robotics Society of Japan 2007. Also available online - www.brill.nl/ar Full paper Integrating robotics and neuroscience: brains for robots, bodies for brains MICHELE RUCCI , DANIEL BULLOCK and FABRIZIO SANTINI Department of Cognitive
Rucci, Michele
U.S.-Japan Scientific Collaboration: A View from the National Science Foundation
: U.S.-Japan Scientific Collaboration: A View from the National Science Foundation Ms. Anne an overview of the National Science Foundation, the US government's basic science and engineering research.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) Tokyo Regional Office since August 2010. She joined NSFinMay2005as
Ejiri, Shinji
>> Home >> World News Michael Richardson: Win for France over fusion reactor a big blow to Japan
be better spent on other energy technologies that can reduce global warming more quickly. In the ITER to Japan 05.07.05 The quest to find a clean, cheap and abundant way to meet future global energy needs took and other fossil fuels, fusion produces no environmentally damaging emissions and only low levels
Japan's Residential Energy Demand Outlook to 2030 Considering Energy Efficiency Standards"Top-Runner Approach"
As one of the measures to achieve the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions agreed to in the"Kyoto Protocol," an institutional scheme for determining energy efficiency standards for energy-consuming appliances, called the"Top-Runner Approach," was developed by the Japanese government. Its goal is to strengthen the legal underpinnings of various energy conservation measures. Particularly in Japan's residential sector, where energy demand has grown vigorously so far, this efficiency standard is expected to play a key role in mitigating both energy demand growth and the associated CO2 emissions. This paper presents an outlook of Japan's residential energy demand, developed by a stochastic econometric model for the purpose of analyzing the impacts of the Japan's energy efficiency standards, as well as the future stochastic behavior of income growth, demography, energy prices, and climate on the future energy demand growth to 2030. In this analysis, we attempt to explicitly take into consideration more than 30 kinds of electricity uses, heating, cooling and hot water appliances in order to comprehensively capture the progress of energy efficiency in residential energy end-use equipment. Since electricity demand, is projected to exhibit astonishing growth in Japan's residential sector due to universal increasing ownership of electric and other appliances, it is important to implement an elaborate efficiency standards policy for these appliances.
Lacommare, Kristina S H; Komiyama, Ryoichi; Marnay, Chris
Sir --Your Editorial "Time for Japan to shine?" (Nature 427, 763; 2004) clearly
that the United States and Japan refuse a direct and objective comparison of the technical assets of the European the necessity of building ITER, formerly the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor. But I must say of the JT-60 tokamak to achieve critical science on the way to Demo, the engineering prototype reactor
Circulation and currents in the southwestern East/Japan Sea: Overview and review
and its meander eastward after the separation from the coast, the Offshore Branch along the coast of Japan in the Ulleung Basin is primarily cyclonic and commonly consists of one or more cyclonic cells, and an anticyclonic cell centered near Ulleung Island. The cyclonic circulation is conjectured to be driven by a net
Rhode Island, University of
IIFET 2004 Japan Proceedings OPTIMAL STORAGE TEMPERATURE DESIGN FOR FROZEN SEAFOOD INVENTORIES
IIFET 2004 Japan Proceedings 1 OPTIMAL STORAGE TEMPERATURE DESIGN FOR FROZEN SEAFOOD INVENTORIES a model for optimal temperature design for semi-perishable seafood inventory, and apply the model dependent on the time-temperature tolerance of frozen inventory, the cost of frozen storage, and the rate
France, Japan vie for fusion site From AFP 21feb04
France, Japan vie for fusion site From AFP 21feb04 THE European Union, Russia, China, the United-billion dollar nuclear fusion reactor, officials said. But no final decision was expected on breaking the deadlock over where to base the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), the officials
http://conf.kyusan-u.ac.jp/uic2012 September 04-07, 2012, Fukuoka, Japan
Devices * Material, Textile, Cloth, Furniture, etc. * Embedded Software and Agents * Interaction to Smart University, Fukuoka, Japan Co-located with ATC 2012, ICA3PP-2012 1. Ubiquitous Intelligent/Smart Systems 2. Ubiquitous Intelligent/Smart Environments * Smart Room, Home, Office, Laboratory * Smart Shop
Kourai, Kenichi
Measurement of airborne radioactivity from the Fukushima reactor accident in Tokushima, Japan
The airborne radioactive isotopes from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plan t was measured in Tokushima, western Japan. The continuous monitoring has been carried out in Tokushima. From March 23, 2011 the fission product $^{131}$I was observed. The radioisotopes $^{134}$Cs and $^{137}$Cs were also observed in the beginning of April. However the densities were extremely smaller than the Japanese regulation of radioisotopes.
K. Fushimi; S. Nakayama; M. Sakama; Y. Sakaguchi
Elliptically polarizing adjustable phase insertion device
An insertion device for extracting polarized electromagnetic energy from a beam of particles is disclosed. The insertion device includes four linear arrays of magnets which are aligned with the particle beam. The magnetic field strength to which the particles are subjected is adjusted by altering the relative alignment of the arrays in a direction parallel to that of the particle beam. Both the energy and polarization of the extracted energy may be varied by moving the relevant arrays parallel to the beam direction. The present invention requires a substantially simpler and more economical superstructure than insertion devices in which the magnetic field strength is altered by changing the gap between arrays of magnets. 3 figures.
Carr, R.
Representing the vacuum polarization on de Sitter
Previous studies of the vacuum polarization on de Sitter have demonstrated that there is a simple, noncovariant representation of it in which the physics is transparent. There is also a cumbersome, covariant representation in which the physics is obscure. Despite being unwieldy, the latter form has a powerful appeal for those who are concerned about de Sitter invariance. We show that nothing is lost by employing the simple, noncovariant representation because there is a closed form procedure for converting its structure functions to those of the covariant representation. We also present a vastly improved technique for reading off the noncovariant structure functions from the primitive diagrams. And we discuss the issue of representing the vacuum polarization for a general metric background.
Leonard, Katie E.; Woodard, Richard P. [Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 (United States)] [Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 (United States); Prokopec, Tomislav [Institute of Theoretical Physics (ITP) and Spinoza Institute, Utrecht University, Postbus 80195, 3508 TD Utrecht (Netherlands)] [Institute of Theoretical Physics (ITP) and Spinoza Institute, Utrecht University, Postbus 80195, 3508 TD Utrecht (Netherlands)
Deterministic polarization chaos from a laser diode
Fifty years after the invention of the laser diode and fourty years after the report of the butterfly effect - i.e. the unpredictability of deterministic chaos, it is said that a laser diode behaves like a damped nonlinear oscillator. Hence no chaos can be generated unless with additional forcing or parameter modulation. Here we report the first counter-example of a free-running laser diode generating chaos. The underlying physics is a nonlinear coupling between two elliptically polarized modes in a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser. We identify chaos in experimental time-series and show theoretically the bifurcations leading to single- and double-scroll attractors with characteristics similar to Lorenz chaos. The reported polarization chaos resembles at first sight a noise-driven mode hopping but shows opposite statistical properties. Our findings open up new research areas that combine the high speed performances of microcavity lasers with controllable and integrated sources of optical chaos.
Martin Virte; Krassimir Panajotov; Hugo Thienpont; Marc Sciamanna
Magnetic elliptical polarization of Schumann resonances
Measurements of orthogonal, horizontal components of the magnetic field in the ELF range obtained during September 1985 show that the Schumann resonance eigenfrequencies determined separately for the north-south and east-west magnetic components differ by as much as 0.5 Hz, suggesting that the underlying magnetic signal is not linearly polarized at such times. The high degree of magnetic ellipticity found suggests that the side multiplets of the Schumann resonances corresponding to azimuthally inhomogeneous normal modes are strongly excited in the highly asymmetric earth-ionosphere cavity. The dominant sense of polarization over the measurement passband is found to be right-handed during local daylight hours, and to be left-handed during local nighttime hours. 16 references.
Sentman, D.D.
Quantitative Determination of Chemical Processes by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Enhanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) provides several orders of magnitude of NMR signal enhancement by converting the much larger electron spin polarization to nuclear spin polarization. Polarization occurs at low temperature (1.4K...
Zeng, Haifeng
Landis/Byrd Polar Research Center The Ohio State University/2012
and Aquarium (Zoo) opened their new Polar Frontier exhibit on May 6, 2010 Ice Bear Outpost - the interpretive center for the Polar Frontier exhibit.) Graphics from Polar WRF Maps generated as outputs from Polar WRF extend
Proton emission induced by polarized photons
The proton emission induced by polarized photons is studied in the energy range above the giant resonance region and below the pion emission threshold. Results for the 12C, 16O and 40Ca nuclei are presented. The sensitivity of various observables to final state interaction, meson exchange currents and short range correlations is analyzed. We found relevant effects due to the virtual excitation of the $\\Delta$ resonance.
M. Anguiano; G. Co'; A. M. Lallena
POLARIZATION OF MUOPRODUCED J/{psi} (3100)
We have analyzed the polarization and Q{sup 2}-dependence of muoproduced {psi}{yields}{mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -} in a magnetized-steel calorimeter at Fermilab. The reaction {gamma}{sub V}N{yields}{psi}N is found to be helicity-conserving. Even allowing for possible Q{sup 2}-dependence of the decay angular distribution, the {psi} muoproduction cross section falls more steeply in Q{sup 2} than predicted by {psi} dominance.
Clark, A. R.; Johnson, K. J.; Kerth, L. T.; Loken, S. C.; Markiewicz, T. W.; Meyers, P. D.; Smith, W. H.; Strovink, M.; Wenzel, W. A.; Johnson, R. P.; Moore, C.; Mugge, M.; Shafer, R. E.; Gollin, G. D.; Shoemaker, F. C.; Surko, P.
Depolarization mechanisms arising from the recycling of the polarized fuel at the limiter and the first-wall of a fusion reactor are greater than those mechanisms in the plasma. Rapid depolarization of the plasma is prevented by providing a first-wall or first-wall coating formed of a low-Z, non-metallic material having a depolarization rate greater than 1 sec.sup.-1.
Greenside, Henry S. (Cranbury, NJ); Budny, Robert V. (Princeton, NJ); Post, Jr., Douglass E. (Buttonwood, CT)
IRM National Reference Series: Japan: An evaluation of government-sponsored energy conservation research and development
Despite the recent drop in world oil prices, the Japanese government is continuing to stress energy conservation, because Japan relies on imports for 85% of its total energy requirements and virtually 100% of its petroleum. Japan stresses long-term developments and sees conservation as an integral part of its 50- to 100-year transition from fossil fuels to nuclear and renewable sources of energy. The Japanese government is targeting new materials, biotechnology, and electronics technologies as the foundation of Japan's economy in the 21st century. Most government research programs in Japan are governed by aggressive timetables and fixed technical goals and are usually guaranteed funding over a 5- to 10-year period. Of the major energy conservation research programs, the best known is the Moonlight Project, administered by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), and oriented towards end-use technologies such as Stirling engines and advanced heat pumps. Parts of MITI's Basic Technologies for Future Industries Program involve research in new materials and bioreactors. The Science and Technology Agency's Exploratory Research in Advanced Technologies (ERATO) Program is also investigating these technologies while emphasizing basic research. Other ministries supporting research related to energy conservation are the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture and the Ministry of Construction. For 1985, government spending for energy conservation research was at least $50 million. Private sector funding of energy conservation research was $500 million in 1984. A brief outline of major programs and key participants is included for several of the most relevant technologies. An overview of Japan's experience in international scientific collaboration is also included.
Howard, C.D.
Pancharatnam Phase and Photon Polarization Optics
Parallel transport of a vector around a closed curve on the surface of a sphere leads to a direction holonomy which can be related with a geometric phase that is equal to the solid angle subtended by the closed curve. Since Pancharatnam phase is half of the solid angle subtended by the polarization cycle on the Poincare sphere, quantum parallel transport law takes recourse o spin-half wave function to obtain this result. A critique is offered on this factor of half anomaly in the geometric phase, and a natural resolution using Riemann sphere polarization representation is suggested. It is argued that spin angular momentum of photon is fundamental in polarization optics, and new insights are gained based on the hypothesis that two helicity states correspond to two distinct species of photon. This approach leads to the concept of a physical Poincare sphere: nonlinearity and jumps in the Pancharatnam phase find a simple physical explanation while novel features pertaining to the discrete and pulsating sphere are predicted. Paired photon spin zero structure of unpolarized light is also discussed. An outline of possible experimental tests is presented.
S. C. Tiwari
Polarization imaging apparatus with auto-calibration
A polarization imaging apparatus measures the Stokes image of a sample. The apparatus consists of an optical lens set, a first variable phase retarder (VPR) with its optical axis aligned 22.5.degree., a second variable phase retarder with its optical axis aligned 45.degree., a linear polarizer, a imaging sensor for sensing the intensity images of the sample, a controller and a computer. Two variable phase retarders were controlled independently by a computer through a controller unit which generates a sequential of voltages to control the phase retardations of the first and second variable phase retarders. A auto-calibration procedure was incorporated into the polarization imaging apparatus to correct the misalignment of first and second VPRs, as well as the half-wave voltage of the VPRs. A set of four intensity images, I.sub.0, I.sub.1, I.sub.2 and I.sub.3 of the sample were captured by imaging sensor when the phase retardations of VPRs were set at (0,0), (.pi.,0), (.pi.,.pi.) and (.pi./2,.pi.), respectively. Then four Stokes components of a Stokes image, S.sub.0, S.sub.1, S.sub.2 and S.sub.3 were calculated using the four intensity images.
Zou, Yingyin Kevin; Zhao, Hongzhi; Chen, Qiushui
Polarized Neutron in Structural Biology Present and Future Outlook
Hydrogen has a strong polarization-dependent neutron scattering cross section. This property has been exploited in the study of soft matters, especially biological macromolecules. When a polarized neutron beam is scattered off a polarized hydrogenous sample, the otherwise large hydrogen incoherent cross section is drastically reduced while the coherent signal is significantly increased. Past experiments have demonstrated the potentials and benefits of polarized neutron scattering from soft materials. The main technical challenge of polarized neutron scattering from biological matters lies at sample polarization. Dynamic nuclear polarization is a proven yet rather sophisticated technique. Its complexity is one of the main reasons for the technique's slow adoption. The future of polarized neutron scattering in biology may rest largely in neutron protein crystallography. Polarization of protein crystals is much easier to accomplish, since protein crystals are typically rather small (<<1 mm) and only require small and easy- to-operate polarization apparatuses. In addition, the high resolution nature of neutron protein crystallography means that we will be able to study individual atoms using the polarized neutron scattering technique.
Zhao, Jinkui [ORNL; Robertson, Lee [ORNL; Herwig, Kenneth W [ORNL; Crabb, Don [University of Virginia
Proceedings of the workshop on polarized targets in storage rings
Polarization phenomena have played an increasingly important part in the study of nuclei and nucleons in recent years. Polarization studies have been hampered by the relatively few and rather fragile polarized targets which are presently available. The concept of polarized gas targets in storage rings opens a much wider range of possibilities than is available in the external target geometry. This novel method will represent a considerable advance in nuclear physics and will continue to receive much attention in plans for future facilities. An internal, polarized-target station is being planned for the cooler ring at the Indiana University Cyclotron Facility. Internal targets are compatible with recent designs of electron accelerators proposed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Southeastern Universities Research Association. The key to nuclear-science programs based on internal targets pivots on recent developments in polarized atomic beam methods, which include the more recent laser-driven polarized targets. The workshop drew together a unique group of physicists in the fields of high-energy, nuclear and atomic physics. The meeting was organized in a manner that stimulated discussion among the 58 participants and focused on developments in polarized target technology and the underlying atomic physics. An impressive array of future possibilities for polarized targets as well as current developments in polarized target technology were discussed at the workshop. Abstracts of individual items from the workshop were prepared separately for the data base.
Holt, R.J. (ed.)
The energy balance in polars revisited
In the EXOSAT and ROSAT eras a significant number of polars were found to show a soft/hard X-ray ratio much greater than that expected from the standard accretion shock model. This was known as the `soft X-ray excess'. We have made an snapshot survey of polars using XMM-Newton and determined their soft/hard ratios. We find that less than one in five of systems show a significant soft X-ray excess, while the rest show ratios consistent with that predicted by the standard model. We have investigated the discrepancy between this and the previous investigations by re-examining all the available ROSAT PSPC pointed observations of polars using more recent calibrations than in the original studies. We find that these data show an energy balance ratio which is broadly consistent with that of our XMM-Newton results. We conclude that the previous studies were affected by the data being less well calibrated. We discuss which physical mechanisms might give rise to a high soft X-ray excess and whether systems with high ratios show more variation in soft X-rays. Surprisingly, we find that 6 out of 21 systems found in a high accretion state did not show a distinct soft X-ray component. Two systems showed one pole with such a component and one which did not. Based on the ratio of the observed soft X-ray to UV flux measurements (which were obtained simultaneously using the Optical Monitor) we suggest that this is because the reprocessed component in these systems is cool enough to have moved out of the soft X-ray band and into the EUV or UV band.
Gavin Ramsay; Mark Cropper
The authors discuss transverse polarization distribution and fragmentation functions, in particular, T-odd functions with transverse momentum dependence, which might be relevant for the description of single transverse spin asymmetries. The role of intrinsic transverse momentum in the expansion in inverse powers of the hard scale is elaborated upon. The sin {phi} single spin asymmetry in the process e {rvec p} {r_arrow} e{prime} {pi}{sup +} X as recently reported by the HERMES Collaboration is investigated, in particular, by using the bag model.
Polar state in freestanding strontium titanate nanoparticles
Monodispersed strontium titanate nanoparticles were prepared and studied in detail. It is found that ?10?nm as-prepared stoichiometric nanoparticles are in a polar structural state (possibly with ferroelectric properties) over a broad temperature range. A tetragonal structure, with possible reduction of the electronic hybridization, is found as the particle size is reduced. In the 10?nm particles, no change in the local Ti-off centering is seen between 20 and 300?K. The results indicate that nanoscale motifs of SrTiO{sub 3} may be utilized in data storage as assembled nano-particle arrays in applications where chemical stability, temperature stability, and low toxicity are critical issues.
Tyson, Trevor A., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Yu, Tian [Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102 (United States); Croft, Mark [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 (United States); Scofield, Megan E.; Bobb-Semple, Dara [Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794 (United States); Tao, Jing [Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973 (United States); Jaye, Cherno; Fischer, Daniel [Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899 (United States); Wong, Stanislaus S., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794 (United States); Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973 (United States)
Polarization Test of Higgs Spin and Parity
A polarization test is applied to determine the spin and the parity of the observed resonance at LHC, which is believed to be the expected "Higgs" particle. The test is based on very general principles and is completely independent of dynamical assumptions. We have also identified a set of observables that discriminate resonances with $J^P=0^+,0^-, 2^-$ and $2^+$. Furthermore, the same set can be used to gain useful and important information on the magnitude of each helicity amplitude contributing to the $gg\\rightarrow \\gamma\\gamma$ process .
Firooz Arash
Technologies of the operator : engineering the pilot in the U.S. and Japan, 1930-1960
This study examines the assemblage of scientific knowledge, engineering practices, measuring instruments, and civilian and military institutions in the U.S. and Japan that went into the construction of the machine operator ...
Jeon, Chihyung
Protecting your eyes : censorship and moral standards of decency in Japan and the United States as reflected in children's media
Introduction: Anime (Japanese animation) and manga (Japanese comic books) are extremely popular in Japan amongst consumers of all ages. In America and other non-Japanese countries, the international anime and manga fanbase ...
Phoenix, Dorothy Ann
International market integration for natural gas? : a cointegration analysis of priced in Europe, North America and Japan
We examine the degree of natural gas market integration in Europe, North America and Japan, between the mid 1990?s and 2002. Our hypothesis is that there was a certain split of prices between Europe and North America. The ...
L'Hegaret, Guillaume
Test Results of a Micro Gas Turbine, The Japan Society ofof the P15 07 micro gas turbine, and determined economicallyby natural gas engine (GE), gas turbine (GT), microturbine (
Low-cost carriers in Japan : challenges and paths to success - using a corporate simulation model for empirical analysis
This paper analyzes the causes behind the sluggishness of new airlines, low cost carriers (LCCs), in Japan. The object is to identify and to recommend innovative policy changes and ideas for the industry, by analyzing the ...
Shiotani, Sayaka
Time-reversal invariance violation measurement using polarized neutron scattering from polarized xenon
We proposed to use polarized neutrons scattering from a hyperpolarized 131Xe gaseous target in order to measure time-reversal violation effect in baryon processes with nucleons. This article provides a brief introduction, historical review, and possible methods to construct a hyperpolarized 131Xe gaseous target.
Pinghan Chu
New Constraints on Cosmic Polarization Rotation from B-Mode Polarization in Cosmic Microwave Background
STPpol, POLARBEAR and BICEP2 have recently measured the cosmic microwave background (CMB) B-mode polarization in various sky regions of several tens of square degrees and obtained BB power spectra in the multipole range 20-3000, detecting the components due to gravitational lensing and to inflationary gravitational waves. We analyze jointly the results of these three experiments and propose modifications of their analysis of the spectra to include in the model, in addition to the gravitational lensing and the inflationary gravitational waves components, also the effects induced by the cosmic polarization rotation (CPR), if it exists within current upper limits. Although in principle our analysis would lead also to new constraints on CPR, in practice these can only be given on its fluctuations , since constraints on its mean angle are inhibited by the de-rotation which is applied by current CMB polarization experiments, in order to cope with the insufficient calibration of the polarization angle. The combined data fits from all three experiments (with 29% CPR-SPTpol correlation, depending on theoretical model) gives constraint ^1/2 areas observed by SPTpol, POLARBEAR and BICEP2.
Sperello di Serego Alighieri; Wei-Tou Ni; Wei-Ping Pan
Effects of laser polarization in the expansion of plasma waveguides
We experimentally demonstrate that a column of hydrogen plasma generated by an ultra-short (sub-picosecond), moderate intensity (?10{sup 15–16} W.cm{sup –2}) laser, radially expands at a higher velocity when using a circularly polarized laser beam instead of a linearly polarized beam. Interferometry shows that after 1 ns there is a clear shock structure formed, that can be approximated to a cylindrical blast wave. The shock velocity was measured for plasmas created with linearly and circularly polarized laser beams, indicating an approximately 20% higher velocity for plasmas generated with a circularly polarized laser beam, thus implying a higher plasma electron temperature. The heating mechanism was determined to be the Above Threshold Ionization effect. The calculated electrum energy spectrum for a circularly polarized laser beam was broader when compared to the one generated by a linearly polarized laser beam, leading to a higher plasma temperature.
Lemos, N.; Grismayer, T.; Cardoso, L.; Geada, J.; Figueira, G.; Dias, J. M. [GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusăo Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (UTL), 1049-001 Lisbon (Portugal)] [GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusăo Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (UTL), 1049-001 Lisbon (Portugal)
First polarization results from the LAMPF /sup 13/C target
A polarized /sup 13/C target has been developed and used to measure spin observables for 500-MeV p - /sup 13/C elastic scattering. The material was ethylene glycol, /sup 13/C/sub 2/H/sub 6/O/sub 2/, enriched to 99% in /sup 13/C. Both the /sup 13/C and /sup 1/H spins were dynamically polarized in a /sup 3/He refrigerator at 2.5-T magnetic field. The polarization of both species was measured by using the NMR thermal equilibrium calibration technique. In addition, the polarization of /sup 1/H was independently measured by p-p scattering. We described the target and reported on the polarizations obtained and the dependence of the polarizations on integrated beam intensity. 9 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.
Penttila, S.I.; Amann, J.F.; Jarmer, J.J.; Jones, K.W.; Tanaka, N.; Barlett, M.L.; Hoffmann, G.W.; Kielhorn, W.F.; Pauletta, G.; Purcell, M.
Spin-polarized lasing in a highly photoexcited semiconductor microcavity
Lasing in semiconductors is generally independent of the spins of electrons and holes, which constitute the gain medium. However, in a few spin-controlled lasers, spin-polarized carriers with long spin relaxation times ($\\sim$1 ns) result in continuous or sub-nanosecond pulsed circularly polarized stimulated emission. In these spin-controlled semiconductor lasers, a spin-imbalanced population inversion has been considered necessary. Here, we demonstrate room-temperature spin-polarized ultrafast ($\\sim$10 ps) lasing in a highly optically excited GaAs microcavity embedded with InGaAs multiple quantum wells within which the spin relaxation time is less than 10 ps. The laser radiation remains highly circularly polarized even when excited by \\emph{nonresonant} \\emph{elliptically} polarized light. In contrast to conventional semiconductor lasers, it exhibits a nonlinear input-output relation, energy shifts, and spectral broadening as a function of the photoexcited density. Such spin-polarized lasing is attributed t...
Hsu, Feng-kuo; Lee, Yi-Shan; Lin, Sheng-Di; Lai, Chih-Wei
US-Japan energy policy dialogue. [Final] report, June 1991--December 1992
The Atlantic Council has cooperated in an ongoing dialogue on energy policy issues with key Japanese organizations for the past twelve years. These Japanese organizations are the Committee for Energy Policy Promotion (CEPP) and the Institute of Energy Economics (IEE). The members of CEPP are major energy supplier and user companies. The IEE conducts sophisticated research and prepares policy papers on a range of international and Japanese energy issues. This energy dialogue is the only long-term US-Japan dialogue which engages CEPP/IEE members. Over the past twelve years the US-Japan energy dialogue has met seventeen times, with alternating meetings held in Tokyo, Hawaii, and Washington, DC. While the dialogue is a private sector activity, US and Japanese government officials are kept informed on the program and are invited to participate in the meetings in Washington and Tokyo. Major benefits of this activity have included: Establishment of close working relationships among Japanese and US private sector energy institutions and experts; exchange of papers on energy issues among participants and on a selected basis to others in the private and governmental sectors; facilitation of separate US-Japanese work on policy issues - for example a joint US-Japan cooperative policy paper on global climate change published in 1991, some government representatives participated in a May 1991 meeting on this subject. Encouragement of Japanese participation in separate Atlantic Council programs on US energy policy imperatives (1990); technology cooperation with developing countries in the field of energy supply and use for sustainable development (1992); creation of a World Energy Efficiency Association (1993); and a US-Japan-Newly Independent States project on NIS energy policy (1992--1994).
Not Available
INL Director Explains How the National Labs Are Assisting With Japan's Nuclear Crisis
Idaho National Laboratory's Director John Grossenbacher discusses the types of nuclear expertise and capabilities that exist within the U.S. Department of Energy's national labs to assist with the Japan nuclear crisis. He also explains how the labs will provide long-term research that will uncover lessons learned from the Fukushima nuclear plants. For more information about INL's nuclear energy research, visit http://www.facebook.com/idahonationallaboratory.
Grossenbacher, John
Facility Energy Decision System (FEDS) Assessment Report for US Army Garrison, Japan - Honshu Installations
This report documents an assessment was performed by a team of engineers from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) under contract to the Installation Management Command (IMCOM) Pacific Region Office (PARO). The effort used the Facility Energy Decision System (FEDS) model to determine how energy is consumed at five U.S. Army Garrison-Japan (USAG-J) installations in the Honshu area, identify the most cost-effective energy retrofit measures, and calculate the potential energy and cost savings.
Kora, Angela R.; Brown, Daryl R.; Dixon, Douglas R.
The Five Great Space Repository Bodhisattvas: Lineage, Protection and Celestial Authority in Ninth-Century Japan
will use Japanese terminology throughout and give Sanskrit, Chinese and Korean pronunciations whenever appropriate and available. 3 During the ninth century, Japanese monks returning from Tang dynasty (618-907) China brought Buddhist s?tras..., 39. It is vital to note that what were known in ninth- century Japan as "secret" or "Esoteric" teachings were defined and categorized differently throughout East Asian regions and thus did not represent identical traditions. In Tang-dynasty China...
Pedersen, Hillary
1st NIFS-CRC Int. Symp. and 1st Korea-Japan WS, 5/20-22, 2007
1st NIFS-CRC Int. Symp. and 1st Korea-Japan WS, 5/20-22, 2007 1 Excitation of atomic hydrogen at metal surfaces promoted by proton motion Daiji Kato NIFS #12;1st NIFS-CRC Int. Symp. and 1st Korea of the excited state formation. · Conclusion #12;1st NIFS-CRC Int. Symp. and 1st Korea-Japan WS, 5/20-22, 2007 3
Polarization Measurements in Photoproduction with CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer
A significant part of the experimental program in Hall-B of the Jefferson Lab is dedicated to the studies of the structure of baryons. CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS), availability of circularly and linearly polarized photon beams and recent addition of polarized targets provides remarkable opportunity for single, double and in some cases triple polarization measurements in photoproduction. An overview of the experiments will be presented.
E. Pasyuk
Spinors, matrix structures, and projective geometry in polarization optics
The paper discusses the role played by Mueller and Jones formalisms in polarization optics, by addressing the following aspects: restriction to the SU(2) symmetry, non-relativistic Stokes 3-vectors; Cartan 2-spinors in polarization optics; Jones 4-spinors for partially polarized light; the linear group SL(4,R) and the classification of 1-parametric Mueller matrices; semi-group structure and classification of degenerate Mueller matrices.
E. Ovsiyuk; O. Veko; M. Neagu; V. Balan; V. Red'kov
The invention relates to method and apparatus for polarizing a fast beam of particles by collisional pumping, including generating a fast beam of particles, and generating a thick electron-spin-polarized medium positioned as a target for said beam, said medium being sufficiently thick to allow said beam to interact with said medium to produce collisional pumping whereby said particle beam becomes highly polarized.
Stearns, J.W.; Kaplan, S.N.; Pyle, R.V.; Anderson, L.W.; Schlachter, A.S.; Ruby, L.
Probing light polarization with the quantum Chernoff bound
We recall the framework of a consistent quantum description of polarization of light. Accordingly, the degree of polarization of a two-mode state {rho} of the quantum radiation field can be defined as a distance of a related state {rho}{sub b} to the convex set of all SU(2)-invariant two-mode states. We explore a distance-type polarization measure in terms of the quantum Chernoff bound and derive its explicit expression. A comparison between the Chernoff and Bures degrees of polarization leads to interesting conclusions for some particular states chosen as illustrative examples.
Ghiu, Iulia; Marian, Tudor A. [Centre for Advanced Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, University of Bucharest, P.O. Box MG-11, R-077125 Bucharest-Magurele (Romania); Bjoerk, Gunnar [School of Information and Communication Technology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Electrum 229, SE-164 40 Kista (Sweden); Marian, Paulina [Centre for Advanced Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, University of Bucharest, P.O. Box MG-11, R-077125 Bucharest-Magurele (Romania); Department of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Boulevard Regina Elisabeta 4-12, R-030018 Bucharest (Romania)
Polarization Losses under Accelerated Stress Test Using Multiwalled...
Accelerated Stress Test Using Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Supported Pt Catalyst in PEM Fuel Cells. Polarization Losses under Accelerated Stress Test Using Multiwalled Carbon...
Coexistence of Weak Ferromagnetism and Polar Lattice Distortion...
that are isostructural with acentric LiNbO3 (space group R3c). Optical second harmonic generation and magnetometry demonstrate lattice polarization at room temperature and...
arctic polar vortex: Topics by E-print Network
Explosion At The Polar Arctic Sunrise Physics (arXiv) Summary: We attempt is to provide accumulated evidence and qualitative understanding of the associated atmospheric phenomena...
anisotropic polar ice: Topics by E-print Network
5 A polarized beam splitter using an anisotropic medium slab CERN Preprints Summary: The propagation of electromagnetic waves in the anisotropic medium with a single-sheeted...
MRI of Heterogeneous Hydrogenation Reactions Using Parahydrogen Polarization
of Propane Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . k-B.2.2 Model Propane Spectrum for TemperatureSpectra of Propylene and Propane ALTADENA Polarized Images
Burt, Scott R
Miocene paleomagnetic data from southeastern Korea: implications on models for opening of the Japan Sea
1989) Jiwon Han, B. S. , Hanyang University Chair of Advisory Committee: Robert J. McCabe Early Miocene to middle Miocene age samples were collected from 30 paleo- magnetic sites from southeastern Korea. The characteristic directions of magne...- tization were determined by use of vector plots after AF and thermal demagne- tization. The mean paleomagnetic direction for 25 sites (14 normal polarity snd 11 reversed polarity) is D = 39. 4', I = 46. 2' (ass ? 9. 4', k=10. 3). Five sites which...
Han, Jiwon
Methods for recovering a polar solvent from a fluid stream contaminated with at least one polar impurity
A method of removing a polar solvent from a fluid volume contaminated with at least one polar impurity, such as a free fatty acid, is provided. The method comprises providing a fluid volume that includes at least one polar impurity dissolved in at least one solvent. The fluid volume is contacted with an expanding gas to remove the at least one solvent. The expanding gas may be dissolved into the at least one solvent in the fluid volume to form a gas-expanded solvent. The immiscibility of the polar impurities in the gas-expanded solvent enables separation of the polar impurities from the gas-expanded solvent. After separation of the polar impurities, at least one of the temperature and pressure may be reduced to separate the solvent from the expanding gas such that the clean solvent may be reused.
Ginosar, Daniel M.; Wendt, Daniel S.
Polarized 3He Gas Circulating Technologies for Neutron Analyzers
We describe the development of an integrated system for quasi-continuous operation of a large volume neutron analyzer. The system consists of a non-magnetic diaphragm compressor, a prototype large volume helium polarizer, a surrogate neutron analyzer, a non-depolarizing gas storage reservoir, a non-ferrous valve manifold for handling gas distribution, a custom rubidium-vapor gas return purifier, and wire-wound transfer lines, all of which are immersed in a two-meter external magnetic field. Over the Phase II period we focused on three major tasks required for the successful deployment of these types of systems: 1) design and implementation of gas handling hardware, 2) automation for long-term operation, and 3) improvements in polarizer performance, specifically fabrication of aluminosilicate optical pumping cells. In this report we describe the design, implementation, and testing of the gas handling hardware. We describe improved polarizer performance resulting from improved cell materials and fabrication methods. These improvements yielded valved 8.5 liter cells with relaxation times greater than 12 hours. Pumping this cell with 1500W laser power with 1.25nm linewidth yielded peak polarizations of 60%, measured both inside and outside the polarizer. Fully narrowing this laser to 0.25nm, demonstrated separately on one stack of the four, would have allowed 70% polarization with this cell. We demonstrated the removal of 5 liters of polarized helium from the polarizer with no measured loss of polarization. We circulated the gas through a titanium-clad compressor with polarization loss below 3% per pass. We also prepared for the next phase of development by refining the design of the polarizer so that it can be engineer-certified for pressurized operation. The performance of our system far exceeds comparable efforts elsewhere.
Watt, David; Hersman, Bill
Module level solutions to solar cell polarization
A solar cell module includes interconnected solar cells, a transparent cover over the front sides of the solar cells, and a backsheet on the backsides of the solar cells. The solar cell module includes an electrical insulator between the transparent cover and the front sides of the solar cells. An encapsulant protectively packages the solar cells. To prevent polarization, the insulator has resistance suitable to prevent charge from leaking from the front sides of the solar cells to other portions of the solar cell module by way of the transparent cover. The insulator may be attached (e.g., by coating) directly on an underside of the transparent cover or be a separate layer formed between layers of the encapsulant. The solar cells may be back junction solar cells.
Xavier, Grace (Fremont, CA), Li; Bo (San Jose, CA)
Opto-Electrical Cooling of Polar Molecules
We present an opto-electrical cooling scheme for polar molecules based on a Sisyphus-type cooling cycle in suitably tailored electric trapping fields. Dissipation is provided by spontaneous vibrational decay in a closed level scheme found in symmetric-top rotors comprising six low-field-seeking rovibrational states. A generic trap design is presented. Suitable molecules are identified with vibrational decay rates on the order of 100Hz. A simulation of the cooling process shows that the molecular temperature can be reduced from 1K to 1mK in approximately 10s. The molecules remain electrically trapped during this time, indicating that the ultracold regime can be reached in an experimentally feasible scheme.
M. Zeppenfeld; M. Motsch; P. W. H. Pinkse; G. Rempe
EMC and polarized EMC effects in Nuclei
We determine nuclear structure functions and quark distributions for {sup 7}Li, {sup 11}B, {sup 15}N and {sup 27}Al. For the nucleon bound state we solve the covariant quark-diquark equations in a confining Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model, which yields excellent results for the free nucleon structure functions. The nucleus is described using a relativistic shell model, including mean scalar and vector fields that couple to the quarks in the nucleon. The nuclear structure functions are then obtained as a convolution of the structure function of the bound nucleon with the light-cone nucleon distributions. We find that we are readily able to reproduce the EMC effect in finite nuclei and confirm earlier nuclear matter studies that found a large polarized EMC effect.
Ian Cloet; Wolfgang Bentz; Anthony Thomas
EMC and Polarized EMC Effects in Nuclei
We determine nuclear structure functions and quark distributions for $^7$Li, $^{11}$B, $^{15}$N and $^{27}$Al. For the nucleon bound state we solve the covariant quark-diquark equations in a confining Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model, which yields excellent results for the free nucleon structure functions. The nucleus is described using a relativistic shell model, including mean scalar and vector fields that couple to the quarks in the nucleon. The nuclear structure functions are then obtained as a convolution of the structure function of the bound nucleon with the light-cone nucleon distributions. We find that we are readily able to reproduce the EMC effect in finite nuclei and confirm earlier nuclear matter studies that found a large polarized EMC effect.
I. C. Cloet; W. Bentz; A. W. Thomas
The Intermediate Polar EI UMa: A Pre-Polar Cataclysmic Variable
We present optical and X-ray time-series photometry of EI UMa that reveal modulation at 746 and 770 s, which we interpret as the white dwarf spin and spin-orbit sidebands. These detections, combined with previous X-ray studies, establish EI UMa as an intermediate polar. We estimate the mass accretion rate to be ~ 3.6 x 10^{17} g s^{-1}, which is close to, and likely greater than, the critical rate above which dwarf nova instabilities are suppressed. We also estimate the white dwarf to have a large magnetic moment mu > (3.4 +/- 0.2) x 10^{33} G cm^3. The high mass accretion rate and magnetic moment imply the existence of an accretion ring rather than a disk, and along with the relatively long orbital period, these suggest that EI UMa is a rare example of a pre-polar cataclysmic variable.
Tamara W. Reimer; William F. Welsh; Koji Mukai; F. A. Ringwald
Fuel cell entropy production with ohmic heating and diffusive polarization
Fuel cell entropy production with ohmic heating and diffusive polarization G.F. Naterer a,*, C production of ohmic heating and concentration polarization is investigated for two types of fuel cells (PEMFC oxide fuel cell (SOFC), this article formulates entropy production within electrodes of a proton
Naterer, Greg F.
Autosub missions beneath Polar Ice: Preparation and Experience
Autosub missions beneath Polar Ice: Preparation and Experience Gwyn Griffiths Southampton, May 2004 #12;Autosub Polar Campaigns J 2001 - Krill distribution and sea ice thickness studies in the northern Weddell Sea (Brierley, Fernandes and Brandon). J 2003 - Sea ice thickness, Bellingshausen Sea
Griffiths, Gwyn
Communication Electric polarization in carbon fiber-reinforced cement
Communication Electric polarization in carbon fiber-reinforced cement Sihai Wen, D.D.L. Chung Abstract Electric polarization induced an increase of the measured electrical resistivity of carbon fiber of the cement paste through the use of carbon fibers that were more crystalline, the increase of the fiber
Chung, Deborah D.L.
POLAR SEA-ICE CLASSIFICATION USING ENHANCED RESOLUTION NSCAT DATA Q. P. Remund and D. G. Long of the scatterometer image reconstruction with filter (SIRF) algorithm. SIRF produces images of A and B where A is U is shown to have high correlation with the NSIDC SSM/I derived multiyear ice maps. INTRODUCTION Polar sea
Long, David G.
Singularity in Polarization: Rewiring Yeast Cells to Make Two Buds
. Savage,2 Sam A. Johnson,3,4 Indrani Bose,1,6 Allison W. Wagner,1 Trevin R. Zyla,1 H. Frederik Nijhout,4 for symmetry breaking polarization posit that stochastic fluctuations generate small clusters of polarity factors at random sites. In the presence of an autocatalytic amplification mechanism, a stochastic cluster
Swain, Peter
Observationally based assessment of polar amplification of global warming
Observationally based assessment of polar amplification of global warming Igor V. Polyakov,1) are similar, and do not support the predicted polar amplification of global warming. The possible moderating amplification of global warming. Intrinsic arctic variability obscures long-term changes, limiting our ability
Bhatt, Uma
Polarization observables from the photoproduction of omega-mesons using linearly polarized photons
We report on the photon beam asymmetry, {Sigma}, of the {omega} meson decaying into {pi}{sup +}, {pi}{sup -}, {pi}{sup 0} using a beam of linearly polarized photons in the photon energy region of E{sub {gamma}} = 1.9 GeV. These preliminary results are from the summer 2005 g8b dataset, which were collected with the CLAS detector in Hall B of Jefferson Lab.
D. Martinez, P.L. Cole, CLAS Collaboration
Apparatus and method for polarizing polarizable nuclear species
The present invention is a polarizing process involving a number of steps. The first step requires moving a flowing mixture of gas, the gas at least containing a polarizable nuclear species and vapor of at least one alkali metal, with a transport velocity that is not negligible when compared with the natural velocity of diffusive transport. The second step is propagating laser light in a direction, preferably at least partially through a polarizing cell. The next step is directing the flowing gas along a direction generally opposite to the direction of laser light propagating. The next step is containing the flowing gas mixture in the polarizing cell. The final step is immersing the polarizing cell in a magnetic field. These steps can be initiated in any order, although the flowing gas, the propagating laser and the magnetic field immersion must be concurrently active for polarization to occur.
Hersman, F. William; Leuschner, Mark; Carberry, Jeannette
Cosmic Polarization Rotation: an Astrophysical Test of Fundamental Physics
Possible violations of fundamental physical principles, e.g. the Einstein Equivalence Principle on which all metric theories of gravity are based, including General Relativity, would lead to a rotation of the plane of polarization for linearly polarized radiation traveling over cosmological distances, the so-called cosmic polarization rotation (CPR). We review here the astrophysical tests which have been carried out so far to check if CPR exists. These are using the radio and UV polarization of radio galaxies and the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (both E-mode and B-mode). These tests so far have been negative, leading to upper limits of the order of one degree on any CPR angle, thereby increasing our confidence in those physical principles, including General Relativity. We also discuss future prospects in detecting CPR or improving the constraints on it.
Alighieri, Sperello di Serego
Polarization Alignment in JVAS/CLASS flat spectrum radio surveys
We present a detailed statistical analysis of the alignment of polarizations of radio sources at high redshift. We use the JVAS/CLASS 8.4-GHz surveys for our study. This study is motivated by the puzzling signal of alignment of polarizations from distant quasars at optical frequencies. We explore several different cuts on the polarization flux for our analysis. We find that the entire data shows a very significant signal of alignment on very large distance scales of order 500 Mpc. The alignment starts to decay only at much larger distances of order Gpc. If we only consider data with polarization flux greater than 1 mJy, we find alignment at distance scales less than 150 Mpc. We also find that data with polarization flux less than 0.5 mJy does not show significant alignment. Similar results are seen for data with degree of polarization less than 0.01, although here a mild signal of alignment is observed for a narrow range of angular separations. We argue that the signal cannot be explained in terms of bias due to systematic errors in removal of instrumental polarization. We also find that the degree of polarization shows a strong negative correlation with the total flux. The data appears to fall into two classes, one of which shows such a correlation. The remaining set, which has total flux greater than 100 mJy and degree of polarization lying between 0.01 and 0.1, shows a more random behaviour. The latter set is also found to show no alignment whereas the first set shows a very strong polarization alignment.
Prabhakar Tiwari; Pankaj Jain
Geothermal Power Development Resource Evaluation Aspects for Kyushu Electric Power Co., Inc., Fukuoka, Japan
This report is a limited review of and presents comments on the geothermal resource exploration program of Kyushu Electric Power Company (KEPCO). This program is for developing geothermal resources to generate electric power on Kyushu Island, Japan. Many organizations in Japan and in particular Kyushu Electric Power Co., Inc. are actively exploring for and developing geothermal resources on Kyushu Island. KEPCO has already demonstrated an ability and expertise to explore for geothermal resources by their successful exploration and subsequent development of several fields (Hatchobaru and Otake) on the island of Kyushu for electric power generation. The review and comments are made relative to the geothermal resource aspects of Kyushu Electric Power Company's geothermal exploration program, and within the time, budget, and scope of the Rogers Engineering's effort under the existing contract. Rogers and its consultants have had a wide variety of geothermal exploration experience and have used such experience in the analysis of what has been presented by KEPCO. The remainder of the introduction section develops general knowledge concerning geothermal power development with particular emphasis on the resource exploration. The data received section describes the information available to perform the project work. There are no interpretative parts to the data received section. The philosophy section relates our understanding of the KEPCO thinking and conditions surrounding current geothermal resource development in Japan. The survey and methods sections presents three important items about each study KEPCO has performed in the resource exploration program. These three aspects are: what should be obtained from the method, what data was obtained and presented, and what is a review and analysis of where the KEPCO exploration program is currently in terms of progress and successful location of reservoirs. The final section presents recommendations on the many aspects of the resource exploration for geothermal power development.
The Problem of Philippine Independence and Japan: The First Three Decades of American Colonial Rule
. 3/Sumrner 1071 , Southern Illinois University at Carbondaie Southeast A \\4*A An International Quarterly Vol. 11 No. 3 I Summer 1971 This issue / dans ce numero The Problem of Philippine Independence and Japan: The First Three Decades.... On February 10, 1908, for example, Governor-General Smith sent a confidential cable to Wash ington "For eye of Secretary of War or Chief Bureau of Insular Affairs Only."12 Smith asked, "Is there any change in Japanese situ ation? If any change, have large...
Goodman, Grant K.
Price Liquefied Freeport, TX Natural Gas Exports Price to Japan (Dollars
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) Indexed Site
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2007 10,998 9,933 10,998 10,643 10,998through 1996)DecadeYear Jan670,174per Thousand Cubic Feet) Japan
Liquefied U.S. Natural Gas Exports to Japan (Million Cubic Feet)
Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Update (EIA)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) " ,"ClickPipelines About U.S.30Natural Gas Glossary529 6330 0 14343 342 328 370Japan (Million Cubic Feet)
Japan-NIES Low-Carbon Society Scenarios 2050 | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 No revision hasInformation Earth's Heat JumpInc Place: EdenOverview Jump to:Jamestown, Colorado: EnergyJapan UN
Aerosol remote sensing in polar regions
DOE Public Access Gateway for Energy & Science Beta (PAGES Beta)
Multi-year sets of ground-based sun-photometer measurements conducted at 12 Arctic sites and 9 Antarctic sites were examined to determine daily mean values of aerosol optical thickness ?(?) at visible and near-infrared wavelengths, from which best-fit values of Ĺngström's exponent ? were calculated. Analysing these data, the monthly mean values of ?(0.50 ?m) and ? and the relative frequency histograms of the daily mean values of both parameters were determined for winter–spring and summer–autumn in the Arctic and for austral summer in Antarctica. The Arctic and Antarctic covariance plots of the seasonal median values of ? versus ?(0.50 ?m) showed: (i) a considerable increase in ?(0.50 ?m) for the Arctic aerosol from summer to winter–spring, without marked changes in ?; and (ii) a marked increase in ?(0.50 ?m) passing from the Antarctic Plateau to coastal sites, whereas ? decreased considerably due to the larger fraction of sea-salt aerosol. Good agreement was found when comparing ground-based sun-photometer measurements of ?(?) and ? at Arctic and Antarctic coastal sites with Microtops measurements conducted during numerous AERONET/MAN cruises from 2006 to 2013 in three Arctic Ocean sectors and in coastal and off-shore regions of the Southern Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, and the Antarctic Peninsula. Lidar measurements were also examined to characterise vertical profiles of the aerosol backscattering coefficient measured throughout the year at Ny-Ĺlesund. Satellite-based MODIS, MISR, and AATSR retrievals of ?(?) over large parts of the oceanic polar regions during spring and summer were in close agreement with ship-borne and coastal ground-based sun-photometer measurements. An overview of the chemical composition of mode particles is also presented, based on in-situ measurements at Arctic and Antarctic sites. Fourteen log-normal aerosol number size-distributions were defined to represent the average features of nuclei, accumulation and coarse mode particles for Arctic haze, summer background aerosol, Asian dust and boreal forest fire smoke, and for various background austral summer aerosol types at coastal and high-altitude Antarctic sites. The main columnar aerosol optical characteristics were determined for all 14 particle modes, based on in-situ measurements of the scattering and absorption coefficients. Diurnally averaged direct aerosol-induced radiative forcing and efficiency were calculated for a set of multimodal aerosol extinction models, using various Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function models over vegetation-covered, oceanic and snow-covered surfaces. These gave a reliable measure of the pronounced effects of aerosols on the radiation balance of the surface–atmosphere system over polar regions.
Tomasi, C.; Wagener, R.; Kokhanovsky, A. A.; Lupi, A.; Ritter, C.; Smirnov, A.; O Neill, N. T.; Stone, R. S.; Holben, B. N.; Nyeki, S.; Wehrli, C.; Stohl, A.; Mazzola, M.; Lanconelli, C.; Vitale, V.; Stebel, K.; Aaltonen, V.; de Leeuw, G.; Rodriguez, E.; Herber, A. B.; Radionov, V. F.; Zielinski, T.; Petelski, T.; Sakerin, S. M.; Kabanov, D. M.; Xue, Y.; Mei, L.; Istomina, L.; Wagener, R.; McArthur, B.; Sobolewski, P. S.; Kivi, R.; Courcoux, Y.; Larouche, P.; Broccardo, S.; Piketh, S. J.
Spin-polarized nitroxide radicals in organic glasses.
Nonequilibrium spin polarization formed in a stable nitroxide radical, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (Tempo) due to the occurrence of Chemically Induced Dynamic Electron Polarization (CIDEP) in photoexcited molecular complexes of this radical with 1,4-benzoquinone, 1,4-naphthaquinone, 9,10-anthraquinone, and their derivatives is observed. These complexes occur spontaneously in low-temperature organic glasses (20-70 K) upon freezing the concentrated liquid solutions. The emissive net polarization in the nitroxide radical is observed 0.1-10 {mu}s after the photoexcitation of the p-quinone moiety. No degradation of the polarized magnetic resonance signal from Tempo after >104 excitation cycles was observed. This spin polarization is shown to be mainly due to a polarization transfer from the lowest triplet state of the p-quinone. This transfer is driven by the electron spin exchange interaction between the nitroxide radical and the triplet p-quinone; it occurs simultaneously with a spin-selective electronic relaxation of the photoexcited complex. The resulting mechanism combines the features of the electron spin polarization transfer (ESPT) and radical-triplet pair mechanisms (RTPM) in liquid. A theoretical model of such a mechanism is suggested.
Tarasov, V. F.; Shkrob, I. A.; Trifunac, A. D.; Chemistry
Top Polarization in Stop Production at the LHC
We survey the expected polarization of the top produced in the decay of a scalar top quark, $\\tilde t \\rightarrow {\\tilde t}\\chi_i^0, i =1-2$. The phenomenology is quite interesting, since the expected polarization depends both on the mixing in the stop and neutralino sectors and on the mass differences between the stop and the neutralino. We find that a mixed stop behaves almost like a right-handed stop due to the larger hypercharge that enters the stop/top/gaugino coupling and that these polarisation effects disappear, when $m_{\\tilde t_1} \\approx m_t+m_{\\tilde\\chi^0_i}$. After a discussion on the expected top polarization from the decay of a scalar top quark, we focus on the interplay of polarization and kinematics at the LHC. We discuss different probes of the top polarization in terms of lab-frame observables. We find that these observables faithfully reflect the polarization of the parent top-quark, but also have a non-trivial dependence on the kinematics of the stop production and decay process. In addition, we illustrate the effect of top polarization on the energy and transverse momentum of the decay lepton in the laboratory frame. Our results show that both spectra are softened substantially in case of a negatively polarized top, particularly for a large mass difference between the stop and the neutralino. Thus, the search strategies, and the conclusions that can be drawn from them, depends not just on the mass difference $m_{\\tilde t} - m_{\\tilde\\chi_{i}^{0}}$ due to the usual kinematic effects but also on the effects of top polarization on the decay kinematics the extent of which depends in turn on the said mass difference.
G. Belanger; R. M. Godbole; L. Hartgring; I. Niessen
E-Print Network 3.0 - antarctica polar vortex Sample Search Results
from MIPAS on Envisat make it hard to tell that the polar vortex... , produced by data assimilation, bringing the model and the observations together. The polar vortex... and...
E-Print Network 3.0 - asymptotic analysis polarization Sample...
34 On the Trail of Polar Lows Scientists from the GKSS Research Centre in Geesthacht have developed a mathematical Summary: , the frequency of such polar lows in the...
SciTech Connect: Polarized 3He Gas Circulating Technologies for...
Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)
English Subject: 46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY polarized neutron scattering, polarized 3He, spin exchange optical pumping Word Cloud More Like This...
E-Print Network 3.0 - accelerating polarized beams Sample Search...
polarized beams Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: accelerating polarized beams Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Linear Collider...
E-Print Network 3.0 - adiabatic-passage cross polarization Sample...
of 13 C Hahn echo spectra obtained by di- rect detection and cross-polarization... intensity of the cross-polarization spectrum suggests that our ... Source: Reilly, Anne -...
Furnace control apparatus using polarizing interferometer
A system for non-destructively measuring an object and controlling industrial processes in response to the measurement is disclosed in which an impulse laser generates a plurality of sound waves over timed increments in an object. A polarizing interferometer is used to measure surface movement of the object caused by the sound waves and sensed by phase shifts in the signal beam. A photon multiplier senses the phase shift and develops an electrical signal. A signal conditioning arrangement modifies the electrical signals to generate an average signal correlated to the sound waves which in turn is correlated to a physical or metallurgical property of the object, such as temperature, which property may then be used to control the process. External, random vibrations of the workpiece are utilized to develop discernible signals which can be sensed in the interferometer by only one photon multiplier. In addition the interferometer includes an arrangement for optimizing its sensitivity so that movement attributed to various waves can be detected in opaque objects. The interferometer also includes a mechanism for sensing objects with rough surfaces which produce speckle light patterns. Finally the interferometer per se, with the addition of a second photon multiplier is capable of accurately recording beam length distance differences with only one reading.
Schultz, Thomas J. (Maumee, OH); Kotidis, Petros A. (Waban, MA); Woodroffe, Jaime A. (North Reading, MA); Rostler, Peter S. (Newton, MA)
Process control system using polarizing interferometer
A system for nondestructively measuring an object and controlling industrial processes in response to the measurement is disclosed in which an impulse laser generates a plurality of sound waves over timed increments in an object. A polarizing interferometer is used to measure surface movement of the object caused by the sound waves and sensed by phase shifts in the signal beam. A photon multiplier senses the phase shift and develops an electrical signal. A signal conditioning arrangement modifies the electrical signals to generate an average signal correlated to the sound waves which in turn is correlated to a physical or metallurgical property of the object, such as temperature, which property may then be used to control the process. External, random vibrations of the workpiece are utilized to develop discernible signals which can be sensed in the interferometer by only one photon multiplier. In addition the interferometer includes an arrangement for optimizing its sensitivity so that movement attributed to various waves can be detected in opaque objects. The interferometer also includes a mechanism for sensing objects with rough surfaces which produce speckle light patterns. Finally the interferometer per se, with the addition of a second photon multiplier is capable of accurately recording beam length distance differences with only one reading. 38 figures.
Schultz, T.J.; Kotidis, P.A.; Woodroffe, J.A.; Rostler, P.S.
Hybrid Estimation of CMB Polarization Power Spectra
This paper generalises the hybrid power spectrum estimator developed in Efstathiou (2004a) to the estimation of polarization power spectra of the cosmic microwave background radiation. The hybrid power spectrum estimator is unbiased and we show that it is close to optimal at all multipoles, provided the pixel noise satisfies certain reasonable constraints. Furthermore, the hybrid estimator is computationally fast and can easily be incorporated in a Monte-Carlo chain for Planck-sized data sets. Simple formulae are given for the covariance matrices, including instrumental noise, and these are tested extensively against numerical simulations. We compare the behaviour of simple pseudo-Cell estimates with maximum likelihood estimates at low multipoles. For realistic sky cuts, maximum likelihood estimates reduce very significantly the mixing of E and B modes. To achieve limits on the scalar-tensor ratio of r<<0.1 from sky maps with realistic sky cuts, maximum likelihood methods, or pseudo-Cell estimators based on unambiguous E and B modes, will be essential.
G. Efstathiou
Computing the hadronic vacuum polarization function by analytical continuation
We propose a method to compute the hadronic vacuum polarization function on the lattice at continuous values of photon momenta bridging between the spacelike and timelike regions. We provide two independent demonstrations to show that this method leads to the desired hadronic vacuum polarization function in Minkowski spacetime. We show with the example of the leading-order QCD correction to the muon anomalous magnetic moment that this approach can provide a valuable alternative method for calculations of physical quantities where the hadronic vacuum polarization function enters.
Feng, Xu [KEK, Tsukuba, Japan; Hashimoto, Shoji [KEK, Tsukuba, Japan; Sokendai, Tsukuba, Japan; Hotzel, Grit [Institut fur Physik, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin; Jansen, Karl [DESY; University of Cyprus; Petschlies, Marcus [The Cyprus Institute; Renner, Dru B. [JLAB
A spintronic source of circularly polarized single photons
We present a spintronic single photon source which emits circularly polarized light, where the helicity is determined by an applied magnetic field. Photons are emitted from an InGaAs quantum dot inside an electrically operated spin light-emitting diode, which comprises the diluted magnetic semiconductor ZnMnSe. The circular polarization degree of the emitted light is high, reaching 83% at an applied magnetic field of 2T and 96% at 6 T. Autocorrelation traces recorded in pulsed operation mode prove the emitted light to be antibunched. The two circular polarization states could be used for representing quantum states |0> and |1> in quantum cryptography implementations.
Asshoff, Pablo; Kalt, Heinz; Hetterich, Michael
Conceptual Design - Polar Drive Ignition Campaign
The Laboratory for Laser Energetics (LLE) at the University of Rochester is proposing a collaborative effort with Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Los Alamos National Laboratories (LANL), the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), and General Atomics (GA) with the goal of developing a cryogenic polar drive (PD) ignition platform on the National Ignition Facility (NIF). The scope of this proposed project requires close discourse among theorists, experimentalists, and laser and system engineers. This document describes how this proposed project can be broken into a series of parallel independent activities that, if implemented, could deliver this goal in the 2017 timeframe. This Conceptual Design document is arranged into two sections: mission need and design requirements. Design requirements are divided into four subsystems: (1) A point design that details the necessary target specifications and laser pulse requirements; (2) The beam smoothing subsystem that describes the MultiFM 1D smoothing by spectral dispersion (SSD); (3) New optical elements that include continuous phase plates (CPP's) and distributed polarization rotators (DPR's); and (4) The cryogenic target handling and insertion subsystem, which includes the design, fabrication, testing, and deployment of a dedicated PD ignition target insertion cryostat (PD-ITIC). This document includes appendices covering: the primary criteria and functional requirements, the system design requirements, the work breakdown structure, the target point design, the experimental implementation plan, the theoretical unknowns and technical implementation risks, the estimated cost and schedule, the development plan for the DPR's, the development plan for MultiFM 1D SSD, and a list of acronym definitions. While work on the facility modifications required for PD ignition has been in progress for some time, some of the technical details required to define the specific modifications for a Conceptual Design Review (CDR) remain to be defined. In all cases, the facility modifications represent functional changes to existing systems or capabilities. The bulk of the scope yet to be identified is associated with the DPR's and MultiFM beam smoothing. Detailed development plans for these two subsystems are provided in Appendices H and I; additional discussion of subsystem requirements based on the physics of PD ignition is given in Section 3. Accordingly, LLE will work closely with LLNL to develop detailed conceptual designs for the PD-specific facility modifications, including assessments of the operational impact of implementation (e.g., changing optics for direct rather than indirect-drive illumination and swapping from a hohlraum-based ITIC to one that supports PD). Furthermore, the experimental implementation plan represents the current best understanding of the experimental campaigns required to achieve PD ignition. This plan will evolve based on the lessons learned from the National Ignition Campaign (NIC) and ongoing indirect-drive ignition experiments. The plan does not take the operational realities of the PD configuration into account; configuration planning for the proposed PD experiments is beyond the scope of this document.
Hansen, R
Nuclear processes in magnetic fusion reactors with polarized fuel
We consider the processes $d +d \\to n +{^3He}$, $d +{^3He} \\to p +{^4He}$, $d +{^3H} \\to n +{^4He}$, ${^3He} +{^3He}\\to p+p +{^4He}$, ${^3H} +{^3He}\\to d +{^4He}$, with particular attention for applications in fusion reactors. After a model independent parametrization of the spin structure of the matrix elements for these processes at thermal colliding energies, in terms of partial amplitudes, we study polarization phenomena in the framework of a formalism of helicity amplitudes. The strong angular dependence of the final nuclei and of the polarization observables on the polarizations of the fuel components can be helpful in the design of the reactor shielding, blanket arrangement etc..We analyze also the angular dependence of the neutron polarization for the processes $\\vec d +\\vec d \\to n +{^3He}$ and $\\vec d +\\vec {^3H} \\to n +{^4He}$.
Michail P. Rekalo; Egle Tomasi-Gustafsson
Dynamic nuclear polarization for NMR : applications and hardware development
solid State NMR (SSNMR) can determine molecular as well as supermolecular structure and dynamics. The low signal intensities make many of these experiments prohibitively long. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization provides a method ...
Casey, Andrew (Andrew Byron)
altitude cusp polar: Topics by E-print Network
of the same region reveal opposite polarity in light-bridge with respect to the umbra. These facts support the notion that low altitude magnetic reconnection can result in...
What Polarized Country? Clean Energy -The Great Convener
What Polarized Country? Clean Energy - The Great Convener Tuesday, October 2, 2012 11:30 a.m. - 1, vast agreement that we should champion clean energy and energy efficiency. Join us for an engaging
Hall, Sharon J.
Polarization- and Azimuth-Resolved Infrared Spectroscopy of Water...
and Azimuth-Resolved Infrared Spectroscopy of Water on TiO2(110): Anisotropy and the Hydrogen-Bonding Network. Polarization- and Azimuth-Resolved Infrared Spectroscopy of Water on...
Dynamic nuclear polarization of amorphous and crystalline small molecules
Solid-state NMR has emerged to become an important technique in the studies of pharmaceutical formulations consisting of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and excipients. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), which ...
Ong, Ta-Chung
Polarization signaling in swordtails alters female mate preference
of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712; and b Advanced Sensors Research Laboratory, Department of Computer aquatic and terrestrial environments. Documentation of inverte- brate use of polarized light is widespread behavior, and thus function as a signal, in the butterfl
Cummings, Molly E.
Japan hopes for rapid accord with EU on nuclear reactor Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi said Monday that he hopes to resolve a dispute with the
Japan hopes for rapid accord with EU on nuclear reactor 02/05/2005 Japanese Prime Minister nuclear reactor as soon as possible. Koizumi discussed the row over plans for the International Terms and Conditions 5/2/05 8:59 AMEUbusiness - Japan hopes for rapid accord with EU on nuclear reactor
Transverse polarization of $?$ hyperons from quasireal photoproduction on nuclei
The transverse polarization of $\\Lambda$ hyperons was measured in inclusive quasireal photoproduction for various target nuclei ranging from hydrogen to xenon. The data were obtained by the HERMES experiment at HERA using the 27.6 GeV lepton beam and nuclear gas targets internal to the lepton storage ring. The polarization observed is positive for light target nuclei and is compatible with zero for krypton and xenon.
The HERMES Collaboration; A. Airapetian; N. Akopov; Z. Akopov; E. C. Aschenauer; W. Augustyniak; R. Avakian; A. Avetissian; E. Avetisyan; S. Belostotski; N. Bianchi; H. P. Blok; A. Borissov; J. Bowles; I. Brodski; V. Bryzgalov; J. Burns; M. Capiluppi; G. P. Capitani; E. Cisbani; G. Ciullo; M. Contalbrigo; P. F. Dalpiaz; W. Deconinck; R. De Leo; L. De Nardo; E. De Sanctis; M. Diefenthaler; P. Di Nezza; M. Düren; M. Ehrenfried; G. Elbakian; F. Ellinghaus; R. Fabbri; A. Fantoni; L. Felawka; S. Frullani; D. Gabbert; G. Gapienko; V. Gapienko; F. Garibaldi; G. Gavrilov; V. Gharibyan; F. Giordano; S. Gliske; M. Golembiovskaya; C. Hadjidakis; M. Hartig; D. Hasch; A. Hillenbrand; M. Hoek; Y. Holler; I. Hristova; Y. Imazu; A. Ivanilov; H. E. Jackson; H. S. Jo; S. Joosten; R. Kaiser; G. Karyan; T. Keri; E. Kinney; A. Kisselev; N. Kobayashi; V. Korotkov; V. Kozlov; P. Kravchenko; V. G. Krivokhijine; L. Lagamba; L. Lapikás; I. Lehmann; P. Lenisa; A. López Ruiz; W. Lorenzon; X. -G. Lu; B. -Q. Ma; D. Mahon; N. C. R. Makins; S. I. Manaenkov; Y. Mao; B. Marianski; A. Martinez de la Ossa; H. Marukyan; C. A. Miller; Y. Miyachi; A. Movsisyan; V. Muccifora; M. Murray; A. Mussgiller; E. Nappi; Y. Naryshkin; A. Nass; M. Negodaev; W. -D. Nowak; L. L. Pappalardo; R. Perez-Benito; P. E. Reimer; A. R. Reolon; C. Riedl; K. Rith; G. Rosner; A. Rostomyan; J. Rubin; D. Ryckbosch; Y. Salomatin; F. Sanftl; A. Schäfer; G. Schnell; K. P. Schüler; B. Seitz; T. -A. Shibata; V. Shutov; M. Stancari; M. Statera; E. Steffens; J. J. M. Steijger; J. Stewart; F. Stinzing; S. Taroian; A. Terkulov; R. Truty; A. Trzcinski; M. Tytgat; A. Vandenbroucke; Y. Van Haarlem; C. Van Hulse; D. Veretennikov; V. Vikhrov; I. Vilardi; S. Wang; S. Yaschenko; Z. Ye; W. Yu; V. Zagrebelnyy; D. Zeiler; B. Zihlmann; P. Zupranski
The COMPASS Polarized Target in 2006 and 2007
The COMPASS experiment has been taking data since 2002. Its polarized target was upgraded during the 2005 CERN SPS shutdown. With the high acceptance magnet we obtained +56.0% and -53.0% deuteron polarization in {sup 6}LiD. In 2007 ammonia is used as a proton target which has a relaxation time of {approx}4000 h at 0.6 T.
Doshita, N.; Iwata, T.; Kondo, K.; Michigami, T. [Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, 990-8560 Yamagata (Japan); Ball, J.; Magnon, A.; Marchand, C. [CEA Saclay DAPNIA, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette (France); Baum, G. [Physics Department, University of Bielefeld, 33501 Bielefeld (Germany); Gautheron, F. [Physics Department, University of Bielefeld, 33501 Bielefeld (Germany); Physics Department, University of Bochum, 44780 Bochum (Germany); Goertz, St. [Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn (Germany); Hasegawa, T.; Matsuda, T. [Faculty of Engineering, Miyazaki University, 889-2192 Miyazaki (Japan); Heckmann, J.; Hess, Ch.; Kisselev, Y.; Koivuniemi, J.; Meyer, W.; Radtke, E.; Reicherz, G. [Physics Department, University of Bochum, 44780 Bochum (Germany); Horikawa, N. [Research Institute for Science and Technology, Chubu University, 487-8501 Kasugai, (Japan)] (and others)
Polarization effects in elastic proton-electron scattering
The experimental observables for the elastic reaction induced by protons scattering from electrons are calculated in the Born approximation. The differential cross section and polarization observables have been derived assuming one-photon exchange. Numerical estimates are given for spin correlation coefficients, polarization transfer coefficients, and depolarization coefficients in a wide kinematical range. Specific attention is given to the kinematical conditions; that is, to the specific range of incident energy and transferred momentum.
Gakh, G. I. [National Science Centre 'Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology,' 61108 Akademicheskaya 1, Kharkov (Ukraine); Dbeyssi, A.; Marchand, D.; Tomasi-Gustafsson, E. [CNRS/IN2P3, Institut de Physique Nucleaire, UMR 8608, F-91405 Orsay (France); Bytev, V. V. [Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna (Russian Federation)
Loss of polarization entanglement in a fiber-optic system with polarization mode dispersion in one optical path
We characterize theoretically and experimentally the degradation of polarization entanglement in a fiber-optic entanglement distribution system where one of the optical fibers is exposed to the effects of polarization mode dispersion (PMD). We show gradual reduction of entanglement with increasing PMD and find that the highest PMD tolerance is achieved when the bandwidth of the pump used to generate the entangled photons in a $\\chi^{(3)}$ process is approximately half the bandwidth of the quantum channels.
Misha Brodsky; Elizabeth C. George; Cristian Antonelli; Mark Shtaif
Wire-grid diffraction gratings used as polarizing beam splitter for
Wire-grid diffraction gratings used as polarizing beam splitter for visible light and applied of wire grid polarizers as efficient polarizing beam splitters for visible light is studied. The large of wire-grid polarizers in liquid crystal on silicon display systems is considered. © 2005 Optical Society
IEA Heat Pump Conference 2011, 16 -19 May 2011, Tokyo, Japan ENERGY EFFICIENT AIR TO AIR HEAT PUMP OPERATING WITH
00149 -1- 10th IEA Heat Pump Conference 2011, 16 - 19 May 2011, Tokyo, Japan ENERGY EFFICIENT AIR TO AIR HEAT PUMP OPERATING WITH R-1234yf Sorina Mortada, Ph.D. student, Center for Energy and Processes Abstract: Significant improvements in energy performance of air-to-air heat pumps are the major reason
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
IEA Heat Pump Conference 2011, 16 -19 May 2011, Tokyo, Japan ON SIDE REFRIGERANT MEASUREMENT OF HEAT PUMP
- 1 - 10th IEA Heat Pump Conference 2011, 16 - 19 May 2011, Tokyo, Japan ON SIDE REFRIGERANT MEASUREMENT OF HEAT PUMP SEASONAL PERFORMANCES C. T. Tran, PhD student, Centre for Energy and Processes, MINES, Research Engineer, ENERBAT, Electricity of France R&D, Moret/Loing, France Abstract Heat pump systems have
IEA Heat Pump Conference 2011, 16 -19 May 2011, Tokyo, Japan DYNAMIC MODELING OF AN AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMP WATER
. Compared to those water heaters, heat pump water heating systems can supply much more heat just with the same amount of electric input used for electric water heaters. The ASHPWH absorbs heat from the ambient- 1 - 10th IEA Heat Pump Conference 2011, 16 - 19 May 2011, Tokyo, Japan DYNAMIC MODELING OF AN AIR
IEEE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM 1998 IN SENDAI, JAPAN 1 Novel optoelectronic signal processing via the combination of SAW
IEEE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM 1998 IN SENDAI, JAPAN 1 Novel optoelectronic signal processing via a completely new and promising approach to- ward another generation of acoustoelectric and optoelectronic heterostructure can be exploited to alter the optical proper- ties of an optoelectronic structure in many ways
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München
Modeling foreign economic policy in strategic setting: the automotive industry of the U.S. and Japan
. For this study, I examined a specific case study in which the U.S. was in a dispute with a foreign country and how the U.S. dealt with the situation. This particular dispute spans a timeline of 15 years and involves the automotive industry of Japan and the U...
Au-Young, Marie Lily
Development of the Solid State X-band Radar and the Phased Array Radar System in Japan
Development of the Solid State X-band Radar and the Phased Array Radar System in Japan By DR. TOMOO array radar system have been developed. Toshiba has developed the latest model of weather radar of precipitation and to achieve drastic reduction of its size and life cycle cost. It is now well known
Droegemeier, Kelvin K.
Prospects for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in the United States and Japan: A general equilibrium analysis
Prospects for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in the United States and Japan: A general-in hybrid electric vehicles Environmental policy Emissions a b s t r a c t The plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) may offer a potential near term, low-carbon alternative to today's gasoline- and diesel-powered
International Conference on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics, Operations and Safety (NUTHOS-6) Nara, Japan, October 4-8, 2004.
for assuring quality of software. In the area of nuclear power plant control systems, testing on softwareThe 6th International Conference on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics, Operations and Safety (NUTHOS-6) Nara, Japan, October 4-8, 2004. Paper ID. N6P298 Direct Control Flow Testing on Function Block Diagrams
Proceedings of the 4th Symposium on AtomScale Surface and Interface Dynamics, March 23, 2000, Tsukuba, Japan
, Tsukuba, Japan Ab inito thermodynamics and statistics of semiconductor growth, and selffunctional theory based hybrid methods, which bridge the length and time scales from those of electron orbitals seconds. Thus, we are challenged by the need to bridge the length and the time scales by many orders
Internal Tides in the Southwestern Japan/East Sea JAE-HUN PARK AND D. RANDOLPH WATTS
School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island (Manuscript received 22 distribution in the southwestern Japan/East Sea using vertical round-trip travel time ( ) data from 23 pressure of the shelf break where the Korea Strait enters the Ulleung Basin. The generation appears to occur at 200-m
Miniature Specimen Testing The Small Punch Test (SPT) has successfully been used in the US and in Japan
and in Japan to assess the material behavior of steels in nuclear reactor and pressure vessels as well1 Miniature Specimen Testing The Small Punch Test (SPT) has successfully been used in the US joints used therein Conventional tensile tests, shear tests as well as thermal cycle tests are used
Berlin,Technische Universität
The Neuroscience News2012 No.2 The Japan Neuroscience Society, since 1974 http://www.jnss.org-20 -
The Neuroscience News2012 No.2 The Japan Neuroscience Society, since 1974 http://www.jnss.org- 20 of processing environmental cues seemingly just as well as us and show complex behaviors. For instance and function of the olfactory circuit are well conserved across phyla, it is likely that the insight gained
Kazama, Hokto
Development of a hydrogen and deuterium polarized gas target for application in storage rings. Progress report
Polarized gas targets of atomic hydrogen and deuterium have significant advantages over conventional polarized targets, e.g. chemical and isotopic purity, large polarization including deuteron tensor polarization, absence of strong magnetic fields, rapid polarization reversal. While in principle the beam of polarized atoms from an atomic beam source (Stern-Gerlach spin separation) can be used as a polarized target, the target thickness achieved is too small for most applications. We propose to increase the target thickness by injecting the polarized atoms into a storage cell. Provided the atoms survive several hundred wall collisions without losing their polarization, it will be possible to achieve a target thickness of 10{sup 13} to 10{sup 14} atoms/cm{sup 2} by injection of polarized atoms from an atomic-beam source into suitable cells. Such targets are very attractive as internal targets in storage rings.
Haeberli, W.
Development of a hydrogen and deuterium polarized gas target for application in storage rings
J Plant Res (2004) 117:1318 The Botanical Society of Japan and Springer-Verlag Tokyo 2003 Digital Object Identifier (DOI) 10.1007/s10265-003-0121-7
J Plant Res (2004) 117:1318 © The Botanical Society of Japan and Springer-Verlag Tokyo 2003 and Genetics, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 0600810, Japan Tel Agency of Japan 2000). Despite the need for conservation, little is known of the life history
Tomimatsu,, Hiroshi
Proceedings of US-Japan heliotron-stellarator workshop: Volume 3
This paper is the third of four volumes on the US-Japan Heliotron-Stellarator Workshop. It contains talks on the following: Heliotron EICRF Heating Experiment; CHS Heating Systems (NBI, ECH, ICH); ICH Program for ATF; ICRF Wave Propagation; the HBQM Heliac Work; configuration studies; compact torsatron studies; low aspect ratio torsatron design; optimized small stellarator designs; configuration studies for ATF; currents in ATF; currents in ATF; computations of 3-D equilibria with islands; magnetic surface mapping studies; magnetic field alignment and mapping on ATF; divertor experiments in IMS; PMI program and wall conditioning for ATF; hard X-ray suppression on ATF; plasma rotation and potential measurement; and status of heavy ion beam probe for ATF.
Summary of research on waste minimization studies by Japan Waste Research Foundation (JWRF)
Japan is trying to provide a qualitatively better environment and the treatment of incinerator gas emissions is an indispensable part of pollution prevention programs. Therefore, a large part of incinerator wastes will be disposed of in landfills for municipal solid waste, and volume reduction and stabilization are major items on the technology agenda. For these reasons, the purpose of this research is waste minimization, namely reducing the volume of wastes that must be disposed of in landfills. This is being done by studying ways to use heat treatment to reduce the volume of incinerator ash, to develop technology for the effective use of treated material and to render fly ash and fused salts harmless. In addition, the author seeks to establish more advanced municipal solid waste treatment systems that reduce (slim) waste by using space efficiently and recovering metals in incinerator residue and fly ash for recycling.
Nabeshima, Yoshiro [Tamagawa Univ., Machida City, Tokyo (Japan)] [Tamagawa Univ., Machida City, Tokyo (Japan)
In this analysis, the authors projected Japan's energy demand/supply and energy-related CO{sub 2} emissions to 2050. Their analysis of various scenarios indicated that Japan's CO{sub 2} emissions in 2050 could be potentially reduced by 26-58% from the current level (FY 2005). These results suggest that Japan could set a CO{sub 2} emission reduction target for 2050 at between 30% and 60%. In order to reduce CO{sub 2} emissions by 60% in 2050 from the present level, Japan will have to strongly promote energy conservation at the same pace as an annual rate of 1.9% after the oil crises (to cut primary energy demand per GDP (TPES/GDP) in 2050 by 60% from 2005) and expand the share of non-fossil energy sources in total primary energy supply in 2050 to 50% (to reduce CO{sub 2} emissions per primary energy demand (CO{sub 2}/TPES) in 2050 by 40% from 2005). Concerning power generation mix in 2050, nuclear power will account for 60%, solar and other renewable energy sources for 20%, hydro power for 10% and fossil-fired generation for 10%, indicating substantial shift away from fossil fuel in electric power supply. Among the mitigation measures in the case of reducing CO{sub 2} emissions by 60% in 2050, energy conservation will make the greatest contribution to the emission reduction, being followed by solar power, nuclear power and other renewable energy sources. In order to realize this massive CO{sub 2} abatement, however, Japan will have to overcome technological and economic challenges including the large-scale deployment of nuclear power and renewable technologies.
Komiyama, Ryoichi; Marnay, Chris; Stadler, Michael; Lai, Judy; Borgeson, Sam; Coffey, Brian; Azevedo, Ines Lima
Highly stable polarization independent Mach-Zehnder interferometer
We experimentally demonstrate optical Mach-Zehnder interferometer utilizing displaced Sagnac configuration to enhance its phase stability. The interferometer with footprint of 27×40 cm offers individually accessible paths and shows phase deviation less than 0.4° during a 250 s long measurement. The phase drift, evaluated by means of Allan deviation, stays below 3° or 7 nm for 1.5 h without any active stabilization. The polarization insensitive design is verified by measuring interference visibility as a function of input polarization. For both interferometer's output ports and all tested polarization states the visibility stays above 93%. The discrepancy in visibility for horizontal and vertical polarization about 3.5% is caused mainly by undesired polarization dependence of splitting ratio of the beam splitter used. The presented interferometer device is suitable for quantum-information and other sensitive applications where active stabilization is complicated and common-mode interferometer is not an option as both the interferometer arms have to be accessible individually.
Mi?uda, Michal, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Doláková, Ester; Straka, Ivo; Miková, Martina; Dušek, Miloslav; Fiurášek, Jaromír; Ježek, Miroslav, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 77146 Olomouc (Czech Republic)
We experimentally demonstrate optical Mach-Zehnder interferometer utilizing displaced Sagnac configuration to enhance its phase stability. The interferometer with footprint of 27x40 cm offers individually accessible paths and shows phase deviation less than 0.4 deg during a 250 s long measurement. The phase drift, evaluated by means of Allan deviation, stays below 3 deg or 7 nm for 1.5 hours without any active stabilization. The polarization insensitive design is verified by measuring interference visibility as a function of input polarization. For both interferometer's output ports and all tested polarization states the visibility stays above 93%. The discrepancy in visibility for horizontal and vertical polarization about 3.5% is caused mainly by undesired polarization dependence of splitting ratio of the beam splitter used. The presented interferometer device is suitable for quantum-information and other sensitive applications where active stabilization is complicated and common-mode interferometer is not an option as both the interferometer arms have to be accessible individually.
Michal Micuda; Ester Dolakova; Ivo Straka; Martina Mikova; Miloslav Dusek; Jaromir Fiurasek; Miroslav Jezek
Remotely Interrogated Passive Polarizing Dosimeter (RIPPeD).
Conductive polymers have become an extremely useful class of materials for many optical applications. We have developed an electrochemical growth method for depositing highly conductive ({approx}100 S/cm) polypyrrole. Additionally, we have adapted advanced fabrication methods for use with the polypyrrole resulting in gratings with submicron features. This conductive polymer micro-wire grid provides an optical polarizer with unique properties. When the polymer is exposed to ionizing radiation, its conductivity is affected and the polarization properties of the device, specifically the extinction ratio, change in a corresponding manner. This change in polarization properties can be determined by optically interrogating the device, possibly from a remote location. The result is a passive radiation-sensitive sensor with very low optical visibility. The ability to interrogate the device from a safe standoff distance provides a device useful in potentially dangerous environments. Also, the passive nature of the device make it applicable in applications where external power is not available. We will review the polymer deposition, fabrication methods and device design and modeling. The characterization of the polymer's sensitivity to ionizing radiation and optical testing of infrared polarizers before and after irradiation will also be presented. These experimental results will highlight the usefulness of the conductive infrared polarizer to many security and monitoring applications.
Kemme, Shanalyn A.; Buller, Daniel L.; Dirk, Shawn M.; Boye, Robert R.; Samora, Sally; Washburn, Cody M.; Wheeler, David Roger
Detectability of Inflationary Gravitational Waves with Microwave Background Polarization
Inflation predicts specific relations between the amplitudes and spectral indices of the primordial spectrum of density (scalar metric) perturbations and gravitational waves (tensor metric perturbations). Detection of a stochastic gravitational-wave background is essential for identifying this unmistakable signature. Polarization of the cosmic microwave background can isolate these tensor modes in a model-independent way and thereby circumvent the cosmic-variance limit to detecting a small tensor signal with only a temperature map. Here we assess the detectability of a gravity-wave background with a temperature and polarization map. For detector sensitivities better than $10-20 \\mu K \\sqrt{sec}$, the sensitivity to a tensor signal is always dominated by the polarization map. With a detector sensitivity of order $1 \\mu K \\sqrt{sec}$, polarization could improve on a temperature-map sensitivity to tensor modes by two to three orders of magnitude. Even a small amount of reionization substantially enhances tensor-mode detectability. We also argue that the sensitivity of the Planck Surveyor to tensor modes is significantly improved with polarization, even taking into account the resulting degradation of the intensity determination in the high-frequency channels.
Marc Kamionkowski; Arthur Kosowsky
Constraining axion by polarized prompt emission from gamma ray bursts
A polarized gamma ray emission spread over a sufficiently wide energy band from a strongly magnetized astrophysical object like gamma ray bursts (GRBs) offers an opportunity to test the hypothesis of invisible axion. The axionic induced dichroism of gamma rays at different energies should cause a misalignment of the polarization plane for higher energy events relative to that one for lower energies events resulting in the loss of statistics needed to form a pattern of the polarization signal to be recognized in a detector. According to this, any evidence of polarized gamma rays coming from an object with extended magnetic field could be interpreted as a constraint on the existence of the invisible axion for a certain parameter range. Based on reports of polarized MeV emission detected in several GRBs we derive a constraint on the axion-photon coupling. This constraint $\\g_{a\\gamma\\gamma}\\le 2.2\\cdot 10^{-11} {\\rm GeV^{-1}}$ calculated for the axion mass $m_a=10^{-3} {\\rm eV}$ is competitive with the sensitivity of CAST and becomes even stronger for lower masses.
A. Rubbia; A. S. Sakharov
Widespread spin polarization effects in photoemission from topological insulators
High-resolution spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (spin-ARPES) was performed on the three-dimensional topological insulator Bi{sub 2}Se{sub 3} using a recently developed high-efficiency spectrometer. The topological surface state's helical spin structure is observed, in agreement with theoretical prediction. Spin textures of both chiralities, at energies above and below the Dirac point, are observed, and the spin structure is found to persist at room temperature. The measurements reveal additional unexpected spin polarization effects, which also originate from the spin-orbit interaction, but are well differentiated from topological physics by contrasting momentum and photon energy and polarization dependencies. These observations demonstrate significant deviations of photoelectron and quasiparticle spin polarizations. Our findings illustrate the inherent complexity of spin-resolved ARPES and demonstrate key considerations for interpreting experimental results.
Jozwiak, C.; Chen, Y. L.; Fedorov, A. V.; Analytis, J. G.; Rotundu, C. R.; Schmid, A. K.; Denlinger, J. D.; Chuang, Y.-D.; Lee, D.-H.; Fisher, I. R.; Birgeneau, R. J.; Shen, Z.-X.; Hussain, Z.; Lanzara, A.
Progress on a cryogenically cooled RF gun polarized electron source
RF guns have proven useful in multiple accelerator applications. An RF gun capable of producing polarized electrons is an attractive electron source for the ILC or an electron-ion collider. Producing such a gun has proven elusive. The NEA GaAs photocathode needed for polarized electron production is damaged by the vacuum environment in an RF gun. Electron and ion back bombardment can also damage the cathode. These problems must be mitigated before producing an RF gun polarized electron source. In this paper we report continuing efforts to improve the vacuum environment in a normal conducting RF gun by cooling it with liquid nitrogen after a high temperature vacuum bake out. We also report on a design of a cathode preparation chamber to produce bulk GaAs photocathodes for testing in such a gun. Future directions are also discussed.
Fliller, R.P., III; Edwards, H.; /Fermilab
Precise polarization measurements via detection of compton scattered electrons
The Qweak experiment at Jefferson Lab aims to make a 4% measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry in elastic scattering at very low Q{sup 2} of a longitudinally polarized electron beam off a proton target. One of the dominant experimental systematic uncertainties in Qweak will result from determining the beam polarization. A new Compton polarimeter was installed in the fall of 2010 to provide a non-invasive and continuous monitoring of the electron beam polarization in Hall C at Jefferson Lab. The Compton-scattered electrons are detected in four planes of diamond micro-strip detectors. We have achieved the design goals of <1% statistical uncertainty per hour and expect to achieve <1% systematic uncertainty.
Tvaskis, Vladas [Manitoba Univ., Winnepeg (Canada); Dutta, Dipangkar [Mississippi State Univ., MS (United States); Gaskell, David J. [JLAB, Newport News, VA (United States); Narayan, Amrendra [Mississippi State Univ., MS (United States)
Spin-polarized photoelectron spectroscopy has developed into a versatile tool for the study of surface and thin film magnetism. In this chapter, we examine the methodology of the technique and its recent application to a number of different problems. We first examine the photoemission process itself followed by a detailed review of spin-polarization measurement techniques and the related experimental requirements. We review studies of spin polarized surface states, interface states and quantum well states followed by studies of the technologically important oxide systems including half-metallic transition metal oxides, ferromagnet/oxide interfaces and the antiferromagnetic cuprates that exhibit high Tc Superconductivity. We also discuss the application of high-resolution photoemission with spin resolving capabilities to the study of spin dependent self energy effects.
Electron Capture and Scaling Anomaly in Polar Molecules
We present a new analysis of the electron capture mechanism in polar molecules, based on von Neumann's theory of self-adjoint extensions. Our analysis suggests that it is theoretically possible for polar molecules to form bound states with electrons, even with dipole moments smaller than the critical value D_0 given by 1.63\\times10^{-18} esu cm. This prediction is consistent with the observed anomalous electron scattering in H_2S and HCl, whose dipole moments are smaller than the critical value D_0. We also show that for a polar molecule with dipole moment less than D_0, typically there is only a single bound state, which is in qualitative agreement with observations. We argue that the quantum mechanical scaling anomaly is responsible for the formation of these bound states.
Pulak Ranjan Giri; Kumar S. Gupta; S. Meljanac; A. Samsarov
Radiative polarization in high-energy storage rings
Electron and positron beams circulating in high-energy storage rings become spontaneously polarized by the emission of synchrotron radiation. The asymptotic degree of polarization that can be attained is strongly affected by so-called depolarizing resonances. Detailed experimental measurements of the polarization were made SPEAR about ten years ago, but due to lack of a suitable theory only a limited theoretical fit to the data has so far been achieved. I present a general formalism for calculating depolarizing resonances, which as been coded into a computer program called SMILE, and use it to fit the SPEAR data. By the use of suitable approximations, I am able to fit both higher order and nonlinear resonances, and thereby to interpret many hitherto unexplained features in the data, and to resolve a puzzle concerning the asymmetry of certain resonance widths seen in the data. 18 refs., 2 figs.
Mane, S.R.
Polarized Gravitational Waves from Gamma-Ray Bursts
Significant gravitational wave emission is expected from gamma-ray bursts arising from compact stellar mergers, and possibly also from bursts associated with fast-rotating massive stellar core collapses. These models have in common a high angular rotation rate, and observations provide evidence for jet collimation of the photon emission, with properties depending on the polar angle, which may also be of relevance for X-ray flashes. Here we consider the gravitational wave emission and its polarization as a function of angle which is expected from such sources. We discuss possible correlations between the burst photon luminosity, or the delay between gravitational wave bursts and X-ray flashes, and the polarization degree of the gravitational waves.
Shiho Kobayashi; Peter Meszaros
Circular dichroism and fluorescence polarization anisotropy are important tools for characterizing biomolecular systems. Both are used extensively in kinetic experiments involving stopped- or continuous flow systems as well as titrations and steady-state spectroscopy. This paper presents the theory for determining circular dichroism and fluorescence polarization anisotropy simultaneously, thus insuring the two parameters are recorded under exactly the same conditions and at exactly the same time in kinetic experiments. The approach to measuring circular dichroism is that used in almost all conventional dichrographs. Two arrangements for measuring fluorescence polarization anisotropy are described. One uses a single fluorescence detector and signal processing with a lock-in amplifier that is similar to the measurement of circular dichroism. The second approach uses classic ''T'' format detection optics, and thus can be used with conventional photon-counting detection electronics. Simple extensions permit the simultaneous measurement of the absorption and excitation intensity corrected fluorescence intensity.
False qubits?: Polarization of light and Josephson junction
We compare two physical systems: polarization degrees of freedom of a macroscopic light beam and the Josephson junction (JJ) in the "charge qubit regime". The first system obviously cannot carry genuine quantum information and we show that the maximal entanglement which could be encoded into polarization of two light beams scales like 1/(photon number). Two theories of JJ, one leading to the picture of "JJ-qubit" and the other based on the mean-field approach are discussed. The later, which seems to be more appropriate, implies that the JJ system is, essentially, mathematically equivalent to the polarization of a light beam with the number of photons replaced by the number of Cooper pairs. The existing experiments consistent with the "JJ-qubit" picture and the theoretical arguments supporting, on the contrary, the classical model are briefly discussed. The Franck-Hertz-type experiment is suggested as an ultimate test of the JJ nature.
Robert Alicki
POLARIZED EMISSION FROM SiO MASERS IN IK Tauri
We present high spatial and frequency resolution images of the SiO masers in Stokes I, Q, U, and V around the asymptotic giant branch star IK Tau and describe and exploit a new technique for making accurate calibration of Stokes V. This technique also resulted in improved images of Stokes I. An evaluation of the results suggests that the circular polarization is neither the result of Zeeman splitting nor an alternate propagation effect. The pattern of circular and linear polarization across the maser lines shows no tendency toward that expected for simple Zeeman splitting. The fractional circular polarization greatly exceeds that expected from the alternate mechanism. The overall shape of the masing ring has changed from the elliptical form repeatedly observed over the last decade and a half.
Cotton, W. D. [National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903-2475 (United States); Ragland, S. [W. M. Keck Observatory, 65-1120 Mamalahoa Hwy, Kamuela, HI 96743 (United States); Danchi, W. C., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Exoplanets and Stellar Astrophysics, Code 667, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States)
Polarization mesurements of gamma ray bursts and axion like particles
A polarized gamma ray emission spread over a sufficiently wide energy band from a strongly magnetized astrophysical object like gamma ray bursts (GRBs) offers an opportunity to test the hypothesis of axion like particles (ALPs). Based on evidences of polarized gamma ray emission detected in several gamma ray bursts we estimated the level of ALPs induced dichroism, which could take place in the magnetized fireball environment of a GRB. This allows to estimate the sensitivity of polarization measurements of GRBs to the ALP-photon coupling. This sensitivity $\\gag\\le 2.2\\cdot 10^{-11} {\\rm GeV^{-1}}$ calculated for the ALP mass $m_a=10^{-3}~{\\rm eV}$ and MeV energy spread of gamma ray emission is competitive with the sensitivity of CAST and becomes even stronger for lower ALPs masses.
Andre Rubbia; Alexander Sakharov
The emission mechanism and the origin and structure of magnetic fields in gamma-ray burst (GRB) jets are among the most important open questions concerning the nature of the central engine of GRBs. In spite of extensive observational efforts, these questions remain to be answered and are difficult or even impossible to infer with the spectral and light-curve information currently collected. Polarization measurements will lead to unambiguous answers to several of these questions. Recent developments in X-ray and {gamma}-ray polarimetry techniques have demonstrated a significant increase in sensitivity, enabling several new mission concepts, e.g., Polarimeters for Energetic Transients (POET), providing wide field of view and broadband polarimetry measurements. If launched, missions of this kind would finally provide definitive measurements of GRB polarizations. We perform Monte Carlo simulations to derive the distribution of GRB polarizations in three emission models; the synchrotron model with a globally ordered magnetic field (SO model), the synchrotron model with a small-scale random magnetic field (SR model), and the Compton drag model (CD model). The results show that POET, or other polarimeters with similar capabilities, can constrain the GRB emission models by using the statistical properties of GRB polarizations. In particular, the ratio of the number of GRBs for which the polarization degrees can be measured to the number of GRBs that are detected (N{sub m} /N{sub d} ) and the distributions of the polarization degrees ({pi}) can be used as the criteria. If N{sub m} /N{sub d} > 30% and {pi} is clustered between 0.2 and 0.7, the SO model will be favored. If, instead, N{sub m} /N{sub d} < 15%, then the SR or CD model will be favored. If several events with {pi}>0.8 are observed, then the CD model will be favored.
Toma, Kenji [Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, 525 Davey Lab, University Park, PA 16802 (United States); Sakamoto, Takanori; Hill, Joanne E. [CRESST and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States); Zhang, Bing [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154 (United States); McConnell, Mark L.; Bloser, Peter F. [Space Science Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 (United States); Yamazaki, Ryo [Department of Physical Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526 (Japan); Ioka, Kunihito [Theory Division, KEK (High Energy Accelerator Research Organization), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801 (Japan); Nakamura, Takashi [Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan)], E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
The power of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is its ability to image the internal structure of optically opaque samples and provide detailed maps of a variety of important parameters, such as density, diffusion, velocity and temperature. However, one of the fundamental limitations of this technique is its inherent low sensitivity. For example, the low signal to noise ratio (SNR) is particularly problematic for imaging gases in porous materials due to the low density of the gas and the large volume occluded by the porous material. This is unfortunate, as many industrially relevant chemical reactions take place at gas-surface interfaces in porous media, such as packed catalyst beds. Because of this severe SNR problem, many techniques have been developed to directly increase the signal strength. These techniques work by manipulating the nuclear spin populations to produce polarized} (i.e., non-equilibrium) states with resulting signal strengths that are orders of magnitude larger than those available at thermal equilibrium. This dissertation is concerned with an extension of a polarization technique based on the properties of parahydrogen. Specifically, I report on the novel use of heterogeneous catalysis to produce parahydrogen induced polarization and applications of this new technique to gas phase MRI and the characterization of micro-reactors. First, I provide an overview of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and how parahydrogen is used to improve the SNR of the NMR signal. I then present experimental results demonstrating that it is possible to use heterogeneous catalysis to produce parahydrogen-induced polarization. These results are extended to imaging void spaces using a parahydrogen polarized gas. In the second half of this dissertation, I demonstrate the use of parahydrogen-polarized gas-phase MRI for characterizing catalytic microreactors. Specifically, I show how the improved SNR allows one to map parameters important for characterizing the heat and mass transport in a heterogeneous catalyst bed. This is followed by appendices containing detailed information regarding the design and use of my experimental setup.
Burt, Scott R; Burt, Scott R.
We have studied the feasibility of polarized proton acceleration in rhe J-PARC accelerator facility, consisting of a 400 MeV linac, a 3 GeV rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) and a 50 GeV synchrotron (MR). We show how the polarization of the beam can be preserved using an rf dipole in the RCS and two superconductive partial helical Siberian snakes in the MR. The lattice of the MR will be modified with the addition of quadrupoles to compensate for the focusing properties of the snakes.
Tunable polarity of the Casimir force based on saturated ferrites
We study the polarity of the Casimir force between two different parallel slabs separated by vacuum when the saturated ferrite materials under the influence of an external magnetic field are taken into consideration. Between the ordinary dielectric slab and the ferrite slab, repulsive Casimir force may be observed by adjusting the applied magnetic field. For the ferrite material, we consider the frequency dependence of the permeability modified by the external magnetic field to analyze the formation of the repulsive Casimir force. The restoring force, which means the transition of the force polarity from repulsion to attraction with the increasing slab separation, can also be obtained between two different ferrite slabs.
Zeng Ran [School of Telecommunication, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018 (China); Yang Yaping [Department of Physics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092 (China); Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100084 (China)
Detecting Beyond-Einstein Polarizations of Continuous Gravitational Waves
The direct detection of gravitational waves with the next generation detectors, like Advanced LIGO, provides the opportunity to measure deviations from the predictions of General Relativity. One such departure would be the existence of alternative polarizations. To measure these, we study a single detector measurement of a continuous gravitational wave from a triaxial pulsar source. We develop methods to detect signals of any polarization content and distinguish between them in a model independent way. We present LIGO S5 sensitivity estimates for 115 pulsars.
Isi, Maximiliano; Mead, Carver; Pitkin, Matthew
Recording polarization gratings with a standing spiral wave
A scalable and robust methodology for writing cycloidal modulation patterns of optical axis orientation in photosensitive surface alignment layers is demonstrated. Counterpropagating circularly polarized beams, generated by reflection of the input beam from a cholesteric liquid crystal, direct local surface orientation in a photosensitive surface. Purposely introducing a slight angle between the input beam and the photosensitive surface normal introduces a grating period/orientation that is readily controlled and templated. The resulting cycloidal diffractive waveplates offer utility in technologies requiring diffraction over a broad range of angles/wavelengths. This simple methodology of forming polarization gratings offers advantages over conventional fabrication techniques.
Vernon, Jonathan P.; Tondiglia, Vincent P.; White, Timothy J.; Bunning, Timothy J. [Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, 3005 Hobson Way, Suite 1, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433 (United States)] [Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, 3005 Hobson Way, Suite 1, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433 (United States); Serak, Svetlana V.; Hakobyan, Rafik S.; Aleksanyan, Artur K.; Tabiryan, Nelson V., E-mail: email@example.com [BEAM Engineering for Advanced Measurements Company, 809 South Orlando Avenue, Suite I, Winter Park, Florida 32789 (United States)
Efficient room-temperature source of polarized single photons
An efficient technique for producing deterministically polarized single photons uses liquid-crystal hosts of either monomeric or oligomeric/polymeric form to preferentially align the single emitters for maximum excitation efficiency. Deterministic molecular alignment also provides deterministically polarized output photons; using planar-aligned cholesteric liquid crystal hosts as 1-D photonic-band-gap microcavities tunable to the emitter fluorescence band to increase source efficiency, using liquid crystal technology to prevent emitter bleaching. Emitters comprise soluble dyes, inorganic nanocrystals or trivalent rare-earth chelates.
Lukishova, Svetlana G. (Honeoye Falls, NY); Boyd, Robert W. (Rochester, NY); Stroud, Carlos R. (Rochester, NY)
Transverse Polarization for Energy Calibration at the Z peak
In this paper we deal with aspects of transverse polarization for the purpose of energy calibration of proposed circular colliders like the FCC-ee and the CEPC. The main issues of such a measurement will be discussed. The possibility of using this method to accurately determine the energy at the WW threshold as well as the Z peak will be addressed. The use of wigglers for reducing long polarization times will be discussed and a possible strategy will be presented for minimising the energy uncertainty error in these large machines.
Koratzinos, M
Non-polar Flexoelectrooptic Effect in Blue Phase Liquid Crystals
Blue phase liquid crystals are not usually considered to exhibit a flexoelectrooptic effect, due to the polar nature of flexoelectric switching and the cubic or amorphous structure of blue phases. Here, we derive the form of the flexoelectric contribution to the Kerr constant of blue phases, and experimentally demonstrate and measure the separate contributions to the Kerr constant arising from flexoelectric and dielectric effects. Hence, a non-polar flexoelectrooptic effect is demonstrated in blue phase liquid crystals, which will have consequences for the engineering of novel blue-phase electrooptic technology.
B. I. Outram; S. J. Elston; F. Castles; M. M. Qasim; H. Coles; H. -Y. Chen; S. -F. Lu
On the circularly polarized optical emission from AE Aquarii
The reported nightly mean value of the circular polarization of optical emission observed from the close binary system AE Aqr is 0.06% (+-) 0.01%. We discuss a possibility that the observed polarized radiation is emitted mainly by the white dwarf or its vicinity. We demonstrate that this hypothesis is rather unlikely since the contribution of the white dwarf to the optical radiation of the system is too small. This indicates that the polarimetric data on AE Aqr cannot be used for the evaluation of the surface magnetic field strength of the white dwarf in this system.
N. R. Ikhsanov; S. Jordan; N. G. Beskrovnaya
Polarized X-Rays Reveal Molecular Alignment in Printed Electronics
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1 - September 2006Photovoltaic TheoryPlant 242-Z AmericiumandPolarized X-RaysPolarized
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1 - September 2006Photovoltaic TheoryPlant 242-Z AmericiumandPolarizedPolarized X-Rays
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1 - September 2006Photovoltaic TheoryPlant 242-Z AmericiumandPolarizedPolarized
Enhancement of vacuum polarization effects in a plasma
The dispersive effects of vacuum polarization on the propagation of a strong circularly polarized electromagnetic wave through a cold collisional plasma are studied analytically. It is found that, due to the singular dielectric features of the plasma, the vacuum effects on the wave propagation in a plasma are qualitatively different and much larger than those in pure vacuum in the regime when the frequency of the propagating wave approaches the plasma frequency. A possible experimental setup to detect these effects in plasma is described.
A. Di Piazza; K. Z. Hatsagortsyan; C. H. Keitel
The Spirit of Invention |GE Global Research
products will experience. We are reinventing things that have already been made with 3D printing and advanced casting methods, and ending up with lighter and more precise parts....
Spirit Lake Wind Farm | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 No revisionEnvReviewNonInvasiveExplorationUT-g GrantAtlas (PACA Region -SonelgazSunbeltSpinning Spur WindSchool
Green Spirit Fuels | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia: Energy Resources Jump to: navigation,Ohio: EnergyGrasslands RenewableGreatwood,GreenFalls,Group LtdGreen
OU Spirit Wind Farm | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 No revision hasInformation Earth's HeatMexico:CommunityNorthwest Basin andNsbowde'sFracturesManualLLCPOWEROU
Simulation-based design of energy management system with storage battery for a refugee shelter in Japan
Since the massive earthquake hit eastern Japan in March, 2011, our team has participated in the recovery planning for Kesen Association, which is a group of cities in northeastern Japan. As one of our proposals for the recovery planning for the community, we are designing energy management system with renewable energy (RE) and storage batteries. Some public facilities in the area have been used as refugee shelters, but refugees had to put up with life without electricity for a while after the disaster. If RE generator and storage batteries are introduced into the facilities, it is possible to provide refugees with electricity. In this study, the sizes of photovoltaic (PV) appliances and storage batteries to be introduced into one public facility are optimized. The optimization is based on simulation, in which electric energy is managed by charge and discharge of storage battery.
Kaji, K.; Zhang, J.; Horie, H.; Tanaka, K. [Department of Technology Management for Innovation, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo (Japan); Akimoto, H. [Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (Korea, Republic of)
The Japan Times Printer Friendly Articles France has won the competition to host the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), the world's first nuclear-
the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), the world's first nuclear- fusion reactor. Japan fought wins by withdrawing ITER bid Thermonuclear fusion utilizes the same process that powers the sun
The limits of liberalism? : long-run petroleum prices and government intervention in petroleum markets in Japan, France, and the United States
This study considers cross-national and inter-temporal variation in national oil policies in Japan, France, and the United States. A test was performed of the extent to which policies in these countries continue to emphasize ...
Hughes, Llewelyn (Llewelyn P.)
Dual Polarized And Balanced Receivers At Millimeter And Submillimeter
is dedicated to my parents. #12;iv Acknowledgments First and foremost, I would like to express my heartiest, soccer, tennis, racket ball, and badminton. Finally, I thank my parents, my brother and sisters of strength and inspiration, and without whom I would have lost my way. #12;vi Dual Polarized and Balanced
Chattopadhyay, Goutam
Extracting cosmic microwave background polarization from satelliteastrophysical maps
We present the application of the fast independent component analysis (FASTICA) technique for blind component separation to polarized astrophysical emission. We study how the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarized signal, consisting of E and B modes, can be extracted from maps affected by substantial contamination from diffuse Galactic foreground emission and instrumental noise. We implement Monte Carlo chains varying the CMB and noise realizations in order to assess the average capabilities of the algorithm and their variance. We perform the analysis of all-sky maps simulated according to the Planck satellite capabilities, modeling the sky signal as a superposition of the CMB and of the existing simulated polarization templates of Galactic synchrotron. Our results indicate that the angular power spectrum of CMB E mode can be recovered on all scales up to lsimilar or equal to 1000, corresponding to the fourth acoustic oscillation, while the B-mode power spectrum can be detected, up to its turnover at lsimilar or equal to 100, if the ratio of tensor to scalar contributions to the temperature quadrupole exceeds 30 per cent. The power spectrum of the cross-correlation between total intensity and polarization, TE, can be recovered up to lsimilar or equal to 1200, corresponding to the seventh TE acoustic oscillation.
Baccigalpi, C.; Perrotta, F.; Zotti, G.D.; Smoot, G.F.; Burigana,C.; Maino, D.; Bedini, L.; Salerno, E.
Global polarization measurement in Au plus Au collisions
angular momentum. We present the results of Lambda and (Lambda) over bar hyperon global polarization measurements in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN)=62.4 and 200 GeV performed with the STAR detector at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC...
Abelev, B. I.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Ahammed, Z.; Anderson, B. D.; Arkhipkin, D.; Averichev, G. S.; Bai, Y.; Balewski, J.; Barannikova, O.; Barnby, L. S.; Baudot, J.; Baumgart, S.; Belaga, V. V.; Bellingeri-Laurikainen, A.; Bellwied, R.; Benedosso, F.; Betts, R. R.; Bhardwaj, S.; Bhasin, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Bichsel, H.; Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bland, L. C.; Blyth, S. -L; Bombara, M.; Bonner, B. E.; Botje, M.; Bouchet, J.; Brandin, A. V.; Burton, T. P.; Bystersky, M.; Cai, X. Z.; Caines, H.; Sanchez, Calderon de la Barca; Callner, J.; Catu, O.; Cebra, D.; Cervantes, M. C.; Chajecki, Z.; Chaloupka, P.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, H. F.; Chen, J. H.; Chen, J. Y.; Cheng, J.; Cherney, M.; Chikanian, A.; Christie, W.; Chung, S. U.; Clarke, R. F.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Coffin, J. P.; Cormier, T. M.; Cosentino, M. R.; Cramer, J. G.; Crawford, H. J.; Das, D.; Dash, S.; Daugherity, M.; de Moura, M. M.; Dedovich, T. G.; DePhillips, M.; Derevschikov, A. A.; Didenko, L.; Dietel, T.; Djawotho, P.; Dogra, S. M.; Dong, X.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Draper, J. E.; Du, F.; Dunin, V. B.; Dunlop, J. C.; Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta; Edwards, W. R.; Efimov, L. G.; Emelianov, V.; Engelage, J.; Eppley, G.; Erazmus, B.; Estienne, M.; Fachini, P.; Fatemi, R.; Fedorisin, J.; Feng, A.; Filip, P.; Finch, E.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Fu, J.; Gagliardi, Carl A.; Gaillard, L.; Ganti, M. S.; Garcia-Solis, E.; Ghazikhanian, V.; Ghosh, P.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; Gos, H.; Grebenyuk, O.; Grosnick, D.; Grube, B.; Guertin, S. M.; Guimaraes, K. S. F. F.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, N.; Haag, B.; Hallman, T. J.; Hamed, A.; Harris, J. W.; He, W.; Heinz, M.; Henry, T. W.; Heppelmann, S.; Hippolyte, B.; Hirsch, A.; Hjort, E.; Hoffman, A. M.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Horner, M. J.; Huang, H. Z.; Hughes, E. W.; Humanic, T. J.; Igo, G.; Iordanova, A.; Jacobs, P.; Jacobs, W. W.; Jakl, P.; Jones, P. G.; Judd, E. G.; Kabana, S.; Kang, K.; Kapitan, J.; Kaplan, M.; Keane, D.; Kechechyan, A.; Kettler, D.; Khodyrev, V. Yu; Kiryluk, J.; Kisiel, A.; Kislov, E. M.; Klein, S. R.; Knospe, A. G.; Kocoloski, A.; Koetke, D. D.; Kollegger, T.; Kopytine, M.; Kotchenda, L.; Kouchpil, V.; Kowalik, K. L.; Kravtsov, P.; Kravtsov, V. I.; Krueger, K.; Kuhn, C.; Kulikov, A. I.; Kumar, A.; Kurnadi, P.; Kuznetsov, A. A.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lange, S.; LaPointe, S.; Laue, F.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lednicky, R.; Lee, C. -H; Lehocka, S.; LeVine, M. J.; Li, C.; Li, Q.; Li, Y.; Lin, G.; Lin, X.; Lindenbaum, S. J.; Lisa, M. A.; Liu, F.; Liu, H.; Liu, J.; Liu, L.; Ljubicic, T.; Llope, W. J.; Longacre, R. S.; Love, W. A.; Lu, Y.; Ludlam, T.; Lynn, D.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, J. G.; Ma, Y. G.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Majka, R.; Mangotra, L. K.; Manweiler, R.; Margetis, S.; Markert, C.; Martin, L.; Matis, H. S.; Matulenko, Yu A.; McShane, T. S.; Meschanin, A.; Millane, J.; Miller, M. L.; Minaev, N. G.; Mioduszewski, Saskia; Mischke, A.; Mitchell, J.; Mohanty, B.; Morozov, D. A.; Munhoz, M. G.; Nandi, B. K.; Nattrass, C.; Nayak, T. K.; Nelson, J. M.; Nepali, C.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Odyniec, G.; Ogawa, A.; Okorokov, V.; Olson, D.; Pachr, M.; Pal, S. K.; Panebratsev, Y.; Pavlinov, A. I.; Pawlak, T.; Peitzmann, T.; Perevoztchikov, V.; Perkins, C.; Peryt, W.; Phatak, S. C.; Planinic, M.; Pluta, J.; Poljak, N.; Porile, N.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Potekhin, M.; Potrebenikova, E.; Potukuchi, B. V. K. S.; Prindle, D.; Pruneau, C.; Pruthi, N. K.; Putschke, J.; Qattan, I. A.; Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Ray, R. L.; Relyea, D.; Ridiger, A.; Ritter, H. G.; Roberts, J. B.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Romero, J. L.; Rose, A.; Roy, C.; Ruan, L.; Russcher, M. J.; Sahoo, R.; Sakrejda, I.; Sakuma, T.; Salur, S.; Sandweiss, J.; Sarsour, M.; Sazhin, P. S.; Schambach, J.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Schmitz, N.; Seger, J.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Seyboth, P.; Shabetai, A.; Shahaliev, E.; Shao, M.; Sharma, M.; Shen, W. Q.; Shimanskiy, S. S.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Simon, F.; Singaraju, R. N.; Smirnov, N.; Snellings, R.; Sorensen, P.; Sowinski, J.; Speltz, J.; Spinka, H. M.; Srivastava, B.; Stadnik, A.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Staszak, D.; Stock, R.; Strikhanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; de Toledo, A. Szanto; Takahashi, J.; Tang, A. H.; Tarnowsky, T.; Thomas, J. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Timoshenko, S.; Tokarev, M.; Trainor, T. A.; Trentalange, S.; Tribble, Robert E.; Tsai, O. D.; Ulery, J.; Ullrich, T.; Underwood, D. G.; Van Buren, G.; van der Kolk, N.; van Leeuwen, M.; Molen, A. M. Vander; Varma, R.; Vasilevski, I. M.; Vasiliev, A. N.; Vernet, R.; Vigdor, S. E.; Viyogi, Y. P.; Vokal, S.; Voloshin, S. A.; Wada, M.; Waggoner, W. T.; Wang, F.; Wang, G.; Wang, J. S.; Wang, X. L.; Wang, Y.; Webb, J. C.; Westfall, G. D.; Whitten, C., Jr.; Wieman, H.; Wissink, S. W.; Witt, R.; Wu, J.; Wu, Y.; Xu, N.; Xu, Q. H.
Weak-electromagnetic interference in polarized eD scattering
Observation of parity non-conservation in deep-inelastic scattering of polarized electrons from deuterium was reported in an experiment at SLAC in 1978. The events at SLAC and elsewhere leading to the successful search for parity non-conservation in the electromagnetic processes are described.
Prescott, C.Y.
Intelligent Matchmaking for Polar Ice Sheet Data Collection and Delivery
of intelligent radars integrated into robotic vehicles. They autonomously decide where and how to measure to map near- surface layers. These sensors are integrated into two vehicles; an autonomous robotic Abstract-- The PRISM (Polar Radar for Ice Sheet Measurement) project is developing mobile, autonomous
Kansas, University of
Polarization limits in K-Rb spin-exchange mixtures
We present measurements of the optical absorption of K vapor at 795 nm due to the presence of high-pressure He gas. The results set a limit on the polarization attainable in hybrid spin-exchange optical pumping of {sup 3}He.
Lancor, B.; Walker, T. G. [Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (United States)
Computation of Polarized Subsurface BRDF for Rendering Charly Collin
. In this paper we employ the vector radiative transfer equation (VRTE), which is the polarized version of the radiative transfer equation in- side the material. We use a discrete ordinate based method to solve the VRTE BRDF computation requires the simulation of light interaction inside the medium. Radiative transport
Pattanaik, Sumanta N.
Theoretical and Numerical Analysis of Polarization for Time Dependent Radiative
transport equation with respect to the polariza- tion parameters solve the matrix-valued radiative transferTheoretical and Numerical Analysis of Polarization for Time Dependent Radiative Transfer firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract We consider the matrix-valued radiative transfer equations for the Stokes param- eters
Bal, Guillaume
Switchable polarity solvents (SPS), mixtures of carbon dioxide, water, and tertiary amines, are presented as viable forward osmosis (FO) draw solutes allowing a novel SPS FO process. In this study substantial osmotic strengths of SPS are measured with freezing point osmometry and were demonstrated to induce competitive ?uxes at high salt concentrations on a laboratory-scale FO unit utilizing a ?at sheet cellulose triacetate (CTA) membrane. Under the experimental conditions the SPS degrades the CTA membrane; however experiments with polyamide reverse osmosis (RO) membranes display stability towards SPS. Once the draw is diluted the major fraction of the switchable polarity solvent can be mechanically separated from the puri?ed water after polar to nonpolar phase shift induced by introduction of 1 atm carbon dioxide to 1 atm of air or nitrogen with mild heating. Trace amounts of SPS can be removed from the separated water with RO in a process that avoids solution concentration polarization. The separated nonpolar phase can be regenerated to a full strength draw and recycled with the re-addition of 1 atm of carbon dioxide.
Frederick F. Stewart; Mark L. Stone; Aaron D. Wilson; Cathy Rae
Culture wars, voting, and polarization: divisions and unities
· From the right: focus on cultural polarization ("red America vs. blue America") · "The common lament: voting · National elections (usually) depend on the economy · Uniform partisan swing--now more than everever · National elections are closer · Local elections are less close #12;Some stylized facts: vote
Gelman, Andrew
in limited quantities for bfficial use of Federal, State or cooperating agencies and In processed form319 EFFECT OF FIELD POLARITY IN GUIDING SALMON FINGERLINGS BY ELECTRICITY SPECIAL SCIENTIFIC REPORT SALMON FINGERLINGS BY ELECTRICITY by H. William Newman Fishery Research Biologist Bureau of Commercial
Spin-polarized transport through domain wall in magnetized graphene
Atomically thin two-dimensional layer of honeycomb crystalline carbon known as graphene is a promising system for electronics. It has a point-like Fermi surface, which is very sensitive to external potentials. In particular, Zeeman magnetic field parallel to the graphene layer splits electron bands and creates fully spin-polarized and geometrically congruent circular Fermi surfaces of particle and hole type. In the presence of electric field, particles and holes with opposite spins drift in opposite direction. These phenomena are likely to be of interest for developing graphene-based spintronic devices. A domain wall (DW) separating regions with opposite spin polarizations is a basic element of such a device. Here we consider a ballistic passage of spin-polarized charge carriers through DW in graphene. We also discuss the analogy between the generation of spin currents in graphene and in relativistic quark-gluon plasma, where the spin-polarized current is responsible for the phenomenon of charge separation studied recently at RHIC.
M. Khodas; I. A. Zaliznyak; D. E. Kharzeev
Investigation of polarization spectroscopy for detecting atomic hydrogen in flames
. The probe beam was tuned to the single-photon 486-nm n = 2 --> n = 4 resonance of the hydrogen atom by fundamental and frequency-doubled beams from a single 486-nm dye laser were used. The probe beam was linearly polarized entering the flame...
Kulatilaka, Waruna Dasal
Future prospects in n-nuclear interactions. [Polarization observables
I examine in detail two research areas, polarization observables and antiproton-nucleus reactions, which should have near-term future impact on our understanding of the interaction of medium-energy nucleons in nuclei. More speculative future experiments employing cooled beams, double spectrometer systems, and large Q-valure low momentum-transfer reactions are also discussed.
Moss, J.M.
Controlling attosecond electron dynamics by phase-stabilized polarization gating
LETTERS Controlling attosecond electron dynamics by phase-stabilized polarization gating I. J. SOLA the signature of a single return of the electron wavepacket over a large range of energies. This temporally (low energy) and cut-off (high energy) harmonics, specific focusing conditions ensure that only
Loss, Daniel
Simulation studies of nucleation of ferroelectric polarization reversal.
Electric field-induced reversal of spontaneous polarization is the defining characteristic of a ferroelectric material, but the process(es) and mechanism(s) associated with the initial nucleation of reverse-polarity domains are poorly understood. This report describes studies carried out using phase field modeling of LiTaO3, a relatively simple prototype ferroelectric material, in order to explore the effects of either mechanical deformation or optically-induced free charges on nucleation and resulting domain configuration during field-induced polarization reversal. Conditions were selected to approximate as closely as feasible those of accompanying experimental work in order to provide not only support for the experimental work but also ensure that additional experimental validation of the simulations could be carried out in the future. Phase field simulations strongly support surface mechanical damage/deformation as effective for dramatically reducing the overall coercive field (Ec) via local field enhancements. Further, optically-nucleated polarization reversal appears to occur via stabilization of latent nuclei via the charge screening effects of free charges.
Brennecka, Geoffrey L.; Winchester, Benjamin Michael
Vacuum polarization induced by a uniformly accelerated charge
We consider a point charge fixed in the Rindler coordinates which describe a uniformly accelerated frame. We determine an integral expression of the induced charge density due to the vacuum polarization at the first order in the fine structure constant. In the case where the acceleration is weak, we give explicitly the induced electrostatic potential.
B. Linet
Piezoelectric Properties of Non-Polar Block Copolymers
Piezoelectric properties in non-polar block copolymers are a novelty in the field of electroactive polymers. The piezoelectric susceptibility of poly(styrene-b-isoprene) block copolymer lamellae is found to be up to an order of magnitude higher when compared to classic piezoelectric materials. The electroactive response increases with temperature and is found to be strongest in the disordered phase.
Pester, Christian [RWTH Aachen University; Ruppel, Markus A [ORNL; Schoberth, Heiko [University of Bayreuth; Schmidt, K. [Universitat Bayreuth; Liedel, Clemens [RWTH Aachen University; Van Rijn, Patrick [RWTH Aachen University; Littrell, Ken [ORNL; Schindler, Kerstin [RWTH Aachen University; Hiltl, Stephanie [RWTH Aachen University; Czubak, Thomas [RWTH Aachen University; Mays, Jimmy [ORNL; Urban, Volker S [ORNL; Boker, Alexander [RWTH Aachen University
Atomic and Electronic Structure of Polar Oxide Interfaces
In this project we developed fundamental understanding of atomic and electronic mechanisms for stabilization of polar oxide interfaces. An integrated experimental and theoretical methodology was used to develop knowledge on this important new class of ionic materials with limited dimensionality, with implications for multiple branches of the basic and applied energy sciences.
Gajdardziska-Josifovska, Marija [University of Wisconsin Milwaukee] [University of Wisconsin Milwaukee
Physics of polarized scattering at multi-level atomic systems
The symmetric peak observed in linear polarization in the core of the solar sodium D$_1$ line at 5896 \\AA\\ has remained enigmatic since its discovery nearly two decades ago. One reason is that the theory of polarized scattering has not been experimentally tested for multi-level atomic systems in the relevant parameter domains, although the theory is continually being used for the interpretation of astrophysical observations. A laboratory experiment that was set up a decade ago to find out whether the D$_1$ enigma is a problem of solar physics or quantum physics revealed that the D$_1$ system has a rich polarization structure in situations where standard scattering theory predicts zero polarization, even when optical pumping of the $m$ state populations of the hyperfine-split ground state is accounted for. Here we show that the laboratory results can be modeled in great quantitative detail if the theory is extended to include the coherences in both the initial and final states of the scattering process. Radiat...
Stenflo, Jan
Correlation of Soil and Sediment Organic Matter Polarity to Aqueous
and compared with published partition coefficients (Koc) of carbon tetrachloride (CT) from aqueous solution of the measured partition coefficients (Koc) of carbon tetrachloride (CT) vs. percent polar organic carbon (POC to their organic carbon-normalized sorption coefficients (Koc) for carbon tetrachloride (CT) and 1
The prospects for polarized target materials with pure carbon background
None of the materials presently in common use for polarized proton targets has a pure carbon nuclear background. The alcohols and diols contain some oxygen, and the ammonia and amine-based materials contain nitrogen and/or other noncarbon species. In the latter cases the noncarbon nuclei are measurably polarized as a concomitant of the process used to polarize the hydrogen nuclei. The relative simplicity of a pure carbon background would be advantageous for most types of scattering experiments and perhaps crucial for some. In addition to simplifying the kinematics of background events, pure carbon is relatively easy to prepare as a ``dummy`` target for background subtraction. Also, in such a target material, {sup 13}C-enrichment would yield a clean polarized {sup 13}C material. In this note I explore the possibilities for such materials, touching upon only what I consider to be the ``high`` points. The subject matter is capable of nearly endless ramification and speculation. In fact, owing to a general lack of relevant experimental data, even this relatively brief note contains much that is speculative to some degree.
Hill, D.A.
None of the materials presently in common use for polarized proton targets has a pure carbon nuclear background. The alcohols and diols contain some oxygen, and the ammonia and amine-based materials contain nitrogen and/or other noncarbon species. In the latter cases the noncarbon nuclei are measurably polarized as a concomitant of the process used to polarize the hydrogen nuclei. The relative simplicity of a pure carbon background would be advantageous for most types of scattering experiments and perhaps crucial for some. In addition to simplifying the kinematics of background events, pure carbon is relatively easy to prepare as a dummy'' target for background subtraction. Also, in such a target material, [sup 13]C-enrichment would yield a clean polarized [sup 13]C material. In this note I explore the possibilities for such materials, touching upon only what I consider to be the high'' points. The subject matter is capable of nearly endless ramification and speculation. In fact, owing to a general lack of relevant experimental data, even this relatively brief note contains much that is speculative to some degree.
Induced polarization of Lambda(1116) in kaon electroproduction
We have measured the induced polarization of the ?(1116) in the reaction ep?e?K+?, detecting the scattered e? and K+ in the final state along with the proton from the decay ??p??.The present study used the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS), which allowed for a large kinematic acceptance in invariant energy W (1.6?W?2.7 GeV) and covered the full range of the kaon production angle at an average momentum transfer Q2=1.90 GeV2.In this experiment a 5.50 GeV electron beam was incident upon an unpolarized liquid-hydrogen target. We have mapped out the W and kaon production angle dependencies of the induced polarization and found striking differences from photoproduction data over most of the kinematic range studied. However, we also found that the induced polarization is essentially Q2 independent in our kinematic domain, suggesting that somewhere below the Q2 covered here there must be a strong Q2 dependence. Along with previously published photo- and electroproduction cross sections and polarization observables, these data are needed for the development of models, such as effective field theories, and as input to coupled-channel analyses that can provide evidence of previously unobserved s-channel resonances.
Gabrielyan, M.; Raue, B.A.; Carman, D.S.; Park, K.; Adhikari, K.P.; Adikaram, D.; Amaryan, M.J.; Anefalos Pereira, S.; Avakian, H.; Ball, J.; Baltzell, N.A.; Battaglieri, M.; Baturin, V.; Bedlinskiy, I.; Biselli, A.S.; Bono, J.; Boiarinov, S.; Briscoe, W.J.; Brooks, W.K.; Burkert, V.D.; Cao, T.; Celentano, A.; Chandavar, S.; Charles, G.; Cole, P.L.; Contalbrigo, M.; Cortes, O.; Crede, V.; D'Angelo, A.; Dashyan, N.; De Vita, R.; De Sanctis, E.; Deur, A.; Djalali, C.; Doughty, D.; Dupre, R.; ElFassi, L.; Eugenio, P.; Fedotov, G.; Fegan, S.; Fleming, J.A.; Forest, T.A.; Garillon, B.; Gevorgyan, N.; Ghandilyan, Y.; Gilfoyle, G.P.; Giovanetti, K.L.; Girod, F.X.; Goetz, J.T.; Golovatch, E.; Gothe, R.W.; Griffioen, K.A.; Guidal, M.; Guo, L.; Hafidi, K.; Hakobyan, H.; Hattawy, M.; Hicks, K.; Ho, D.; Holtrop, M.; Hughes, S.M.; Ilieva, Y.; Ireland, D.G.; Ishkhanov, B.S.; Jenkins, D.; Jiang, H.; Jo, H.S.; Joo, K.; Keller, D.; Khandaker, M.; Kim, W.; Klein, F.J.; Koirala, S.; Kubarovsky, V.; Kuhn, S.E.; Kuleshov, S.V.; Lenisa, P.; Levine, W.I.; Livingston, K.; MacGregor, I.J.D.; Mayer, M.; McKinnon, B.; Meyer, C.A.; Mestayer, M.D.; Mirazita, M.; Mokeev, V.; Moody, C.I.; Moutarde, H.; Movsisyan, A; Munevar, E.; Munoz Camacho, C.; Nadel-Turonski, P.; Niccolai, S.; Niculescu, G.; Osipenko, M.; Pappalardo, L.L.; Paremuzyan, R.; Pasyuk, E.; Peng, P.; Phelps, W.; Phillips, J.J.; Pisano, S.; Pogorelko, O.; Pozdniakov, S.; Price, J.W.; Procureur, S.; Protopopescu, D.; Rimal, D.; Ripani, M.; Rizzo, A.; Sabatie, F.; Salgado, C.; Schott, D.; Schumacher, R.A.; Simonyan, A.; Smith, G.D.; Sober, D.I.; Sokhan, D.; Stepanyan, S.S.; Stepanyan, S.; Strakovsky, I.I.; Strauch, S.; Sytnik, V.; Tang, W.; Ungaro, M.; Vlassov, A.V.; Voskanyan, H.; Voutier, E.; Walford, N.K.; Watts, D.P.; Wei, X.; Weinstein, L.B.; Zachariou, N.; Zana, L.; Zhang, J.
US-Japan energy policy dialogue. [Contains a list of attendees, agenda, report summaries, and a financial report
Advances in X-Ray Chemical Analysis, Japan, 43 (2012) ISSN 0911-7806 Reviews on Forensic Analysis of Wakayama Arsenic Case
Advances in X-Ray Chemical Analysis, Japan, 43 (2012) ISSN 0911-7806 © X Reviews on Forensic;#12;43 49 X Adv. X-Ray. Chem. Anal., Japan 43, pp.49-87 (2012) 606-8501 X Reviews on Forensic Analysis-ray fluorescence analysis (SR-XRF) is used for forensic analysis. It has been clarified that the SPring- 8 SR
Jun, Kawai
Performance Assessment Uncertainty Analysis for Japan's HLW Program Feasibility Study (H12)
Most HLW programs in the world recognize that any estimate of long-term radiological performance must be couched in terms of the uncertainties derived from natural variation, changes through time and lack of knowledge about the essential processes. The Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute followed a relatively standard procedure to address two major categories of uncertainty. First, a FEatures, Events and Processes (FEPs) listing, screening and grouping activity was pursued in order to define the range of uncertainty in system processes as well as possible variations in engineering design. A reference and many alternative cases representing various groups of FEPs were defined and individual numerical simulations performed for each to quantify the range of conceptual uncertainty. Second, parameter distributions were developed for the reference case to represent the uncertainty in the strength of these processes, the sequencing of activities and geometric variations. Both point estimates using high and low values for individual parameters as well as a probabilistic analysis were performed to estimate parameter uncertainty. A brief description of the conceptual model uncertainty analysis is presented. This paper focuses on presenting the details of the probabilistic parameter uncertainty assessment.
Development of Fusion Nuclear Technologies at Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute
An overview of the present status of development of fusion nuclear technologies at Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute is presented. A tritium handling system for the ITER was designed, and the technology for each component of this system was demonstrated successfully. An ultraviolet laser with a wavelength of 193 nm was found quite effective for removing tritium from in-vessel components of D-T fusion reactors. Blanket technologies have been developed for the test blanket module of the ITER and for advanced blankets for DEMO reactors. This blanket is composed of ceramic Li{sub 2}TiO{sub 3} breeder pebbles and neutron multiplier beryllium pebbles, whose diameter ranges from 0.2 to 2 mm, contained in a box structure made of a reduced-activation ferritic steel, F82H. Mechanical properties of F82H under a thermal neutron irradiation at up to 50 displacements per atom (dpa) were obtained in a temperature range from 200 to 500 deg. C. Design of the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) has been developed to obtain engineering data for candidate materials for DEMO reactors under a simulated fusion neutron irradiation up to 100 to 200 dpa, and basic development of the key technologies to construct the IFMIF is now under way as an International Energy Agency international collaboration.
Seki, Masahiro; Yamanishi, Toshihiko; Shu, Wataru; Nishi, Masataka; Hatano, Toshihisa; Akiba, Masato; Takeuchi, Hiroshi; Nakamura, Kazuyuki; Sugimoto, Masayoshi; Shiba, Kiyoyuki; Jitsukawa, Shiro; Ishitsuka, Etsuo; Tsuji, Hiroshi [Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (Japan)
Size distribution and chemical composition of aerosol particles in the free troposphere over Japan: Aircraft measurements
Aircraft measurements of number-, mass- and volume-size distributions of aerosols and concentration of sulfate, nitrate and others contained in particulate matter were made in the free troposphere over Japan in 1991-1994. Number-size distribution frequently shows a peak in the area of a diameter of D {ge} 1 {mu}m in the free troposphere during observational periods. A few peaks are identified in the volume-size distribution as estimated on the basis of number-size distribution having single mode in a coarse range. Mass-size distribution frequently indicate enhancement in the coarse size range. This feature of the distribution is more frequent in those measurements made at 4.42 km than those at 2.29 km. On the basis of a backward trajectory analysis of the air mass containing those particles, soil particles originating from the Asian continent affect the features found in the size distributions as well as and vertical change in those size distributions. Particulate sulfate concentration in the free troposphere suggested that chemical transformation of particles with D {ge} 1 {mu}m advanced during long range transport of the particle possibly through coagulation of sulfate particles on coarse size particles such as Asian dust particles, adsorption of gaseous sulfate. Those measurements provide useful data et to discuss global geochemical cycle and radiative forcing of particles originated from the Asian continent.
Iwasaka, Y.; Mori, I.; Mastunga, K. [Nagoya Univ. (Japan)
The promotion of electricity generated from Renewable Energy Sources (RES) has recently gained high priority in the energy policy strategies of many countries in response to concerns about global climate change, energy security and other reasons. This chapter compares and contrasts the experience of a number of countries in Europe, states in the US as well as Japan in promoting RES, identifying what appear to be the most successful policy measures. Clearly, a wide range of policy instruments have been tried and are in place in different parts of the world to promote renewable energy technologies. The design and performance of these schemes varies from place to place, requiring further research to determine their effectiveness in delivering the desired results. The main conclusions that can be drawn from the present analysis are: (1) Generally speaking, promotional schemes that are properly designed within a stable framework and offer long-term investment continuity produce better results. Credibility and continuity reduce risks thus leading to lower profit requirements by investors. (2) Despite their significant growth in absolute terms in a number of key markets, the near-term prognosis for renewables is one of modest success if measured in terms of the percentage of the total energy provided by renewables on a world-wide basis. This is a significant challenge, suggesting that renewables have to grow at an even faster pace if we expect them to contribute on a significant scale to the world's energy mix.
Haas, Reinhard; Meyer, Niels I.; Held, Anne; Finon, Dominique; Lorenzoni, Arturo; Wiser, Ryan; Nishio, Ken-ichiro
The Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute (JNC) conducted research and development projects on uranium exploration in Japan from 1956 to 1987. Several mine facilities, such as waste rock yards and a mill tailing pond, were retained around Ningyo-toge after the projects ended. Although there is no legal issue in the mine in accordance with related law and agreements at present, JNC has a notion that it is important to reduce the burden of waste management on future generations. Thus, the Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center of JNC proposed a reclamation plan for these facilities with fundamental policy, an example of safety analysis and timetables. The plan has mainly three phases: Phase I is the planning stage, and this paper corresponds to this: Phase II is the stage to perform various tests for safety analysis and site designing: Phase III is the stage to accomplish measures. Preliminarily safety analyses suggested that our supposed cover designs for both waste rock and m ill tailing are enough to keep dose limit of 1mSv/y at site boundaries. The plan is primarily based on the Japanese Mine Safety Law, also refers to ICRP recommendations, IAEA reports, measures implemented overseas, etc. because this is the first case in Japan. For the accomplishment of this plan, it is important to establish a close relationship with local communities and governments, and to maintain a policy of open-to-public.
Sato, Kazuhiko; Tokizawa, Takayuki
Patterns of Radiotherapy Practice for Patients With Cervical Cancer (1999-2001): Patterns of Care Study in Japan
Purpose: To describe the patterns of definitive radiotherapy practice for patients with uterine cervical cancer from 1999 to 2001 in Japan. Methods and Materials: The Japanese Patterns of Care Study (JPCS) working group conducted a third extramural audit survey of 68 institutions and collected specific information on 324 cervical cancer patients treated with definitive radiotherapy. Results: Almost all patients (96%) were treated with whole pelvic radiotherapy using opposing anteroposterior fields (87%). A midline block was used in 70% of the patients. Intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) was applied in 82% of cases. Most patients (89%) were treated with high-dose rate (HDR) ICBT. Calculation of doses to organs at risk (ICRU 38) was performed for rectum in 25% of cases and for bladder in 18% of cases. Only 3% of patients were given intravenous conscious sedation during ICBT applicator insertions. The median total biologically effective dose at point A (EBRT+ICBT) was 74 Gy{sub 10} in cases treated with HDR-ICBT. There was no significant difference in total biologically effective dose between stages. The median overall treatment time was 47 days. Concurrent chemoradiation was applied in 17% of patients. Conclusions: This study describes the general patterns of radiotherapy practice for uterine cervical cancer in Japan. Although methods of external radiotherapy seemed to be appropriate, there was room for improvement in ICBT practice, such as pretreatment. A substantial difference in total radiotherapy dose between Japan and the United States was observed.
Toita, Takafumi [Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa (Japan)], E-mail: email@example.com; Kodaira, Takeshi [Department of Radiation Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya (Japan); Shinoda, Atsunori [Department of Radiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto (Japan); Uno, Takashi [Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba (Japan); Akino, Yuichi [Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita (Japan); Mitsumori, Michihide; Teshima, Teruki [Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto (Japan)
Polarization Observables for K{sup +}{Lambda} and K{sup +}{Sigma}{sup 0} Photoproduction form Polarized Protons
The search for undiscovered excited states of the nucleon continues to be a focus of experiments at Jefferson Lab. Recent LQCD calculations have confirmed long-standing quark-model predictions of many more states than have so far been identified. A large effort for the N* program has been launched using the CLAS detector to provide the database that will allow nearly model-independent partial wave analyses to be carried out in the search for such states. Polarization observables play a crucial role in this effort, as they are essential in disentangling overlapping resonant and non-resonant amplitudes. In 2010, double-polarization data were taken at JLab using circularly polarized photons incident on a transversely polarized frozen-spin butanol target. Our current analysis yields preliminary data of the T and F asymmetries of the K{sup +}{Lambda} and K{sup +}{Sigma}{sup 0} final states, which are compared to predictions of recent multipole analyses. This work is the first of its kind and will significantly broaden the world database for these reactions.
Walford, Natalie K. [Catholic University of America, Washington, DC (United States); Klein, Franz J.W. [Catholic University of America, Washington, DC (United States)
Design of the Local Spin Polarization at the Organic-Ferromagnetic Interface
By means of ab initio calculations and spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy experiments the creation of a complex energy dependent magnetic structure with a tailored spin-polarized interface is demonstrated. We ...
Lazic, Predrag
E-Print Network 3.0 - atomic polar tensors Sample Search Results
Ab-initio Atomic Charges from Atomic Polar Tensors Marcia M.C. Ferreira Inst ituto de Quimica... in terms of atomic polar tensors (APT)C'3 has been widely used in the last fifteen...
The Growth of Low-Skill Service Jobs and the Polarization of the US Labor Market
We offer a unified analysis of the growth of low-skill service occupations between 1980 and 2005 and the concurrent polarization of US employment and wages. We hypothesize that polarization stems from the interaction between ...
Autor, David H.
Polarized seismic and solitary waves run-up at the sea bed
The polarization effects in hydrodynamics are studied. Hydrodynamic equation for the nonlinear wave is used along with the polarized solitary waves and seismic waves act as initial waves. The model is then solved by Fourier spectral and Runge-Kutta 4 methods, and the surface plot is drawn. The output demonstrates the inundation behaviors. Consequently, the polarized seismic waves along with the polarized solitary waves tend to generate dissimilar inundation which is more disastrous.
Dennis, L. C.C.; Zainal, A. A.; Faisal, S. Y. [Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 31750 Tronoh, Perak (Malaysia); Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru (Malaysia)
Remarks on connected components of moduli of real polarized K3 surfaces
I have finalized my old (1979) results about enumeration of connected components of moduli of real polarized K3 surfaces. As an application, using recent results of math.AG/0312396, the complete classification of real polarized K3 surfaces which are deformations of real hyper-elliptically polarized K3 surfaces is obtained. This could be important in some questions, because real hyper-elliptically polarized K3 surfaces can be constructed explicitly.
Viacheslav V. Nikulin
OBIT DEVELOPMENT MEMO SERIES NO. 39 1 Differential Instrumental Polarization Calibration
to as instrumental polarization. A standard part of data calibration is to charac- terize and remove the spurious
Groppi, Christopher
High Efficacy Green LEDs by Polarization Controlled MOVPE
Amazing performance in GaInN/GaN based LEDs has become possible by advanced epitaxial growth on a wide variety of substrates over the last decade. An immediate push towards product development and worldwide competition for market share have effectively reduced production cost and generated substantial primary energy savings on a worldwide scale. At all times of the development, this economic pressure forced very fundamental decisions that would shape huge industrial investment. One of those major aspects is the choice of epitaxial growth substrate. The natural questions are to what extend a decision for a certain substrate will limit the ultimate performance and to what extent, the choice of a currently more expensive substrate such as native GaN could overcome any of the remaining performance limitations. Therefore, this project has set out to explore what performance characteristic could be achieved under the utilization of bulk GaN substrate. Our work was guided by the hypotheses that line defects such as threading dislocations in the active region should be avoided and the huge piezoelectric polarization needs to be attenuated – if not turned off – for higher performing LEDs, particularly in the longer wavelength green and deep green portions of the visible spectrum. At their relatively lower performance level, deep green LEDs are a stronger indicator of relative performance improvements and seem particular sensitive to the challenges at hand. The project therefore made use of recently developed non-polar and semipolar bulk GaN substrates that were made available at Kyma Technologies by crystallographic cuts from thick polar growth of GaN. This approach naturally leads to rather small pieces of substrates, cm along the long side while mm along the short one. Small size and limited volume of sample material therefore set the limits of the ensuing development work. During the course of the project we achieved green and deep green LEDs in all those crystal growth orientations: polar c-plane, non- polar a-plane, non-polar m-plane, and semipolar planes. The active region in those structures shows dramatically reduced densities of threading dislocations unless the wavelength was extended as far as 510 nm and beyond. With the appearance of such defects, the light output power dropped precipitously supporting the necessity to avoid any and all of such defects to reach the active region. Further aspects of the non-polar growth orientation proved extremely promising for the development of such structures. Chief among them is our success to achieve extremely uniform quantum wells in these various crystal orientations that prove devoid of any alloy fluctuation beyond the theoretical limit of a binominal distribution. This became very Rensselaer Wetzel DE?EE0000627 3 directly apparent in highly advanced atom probe tomography performed in collaboration at Northwestern University. Furthermore, under reduced or absence of piezoelectric polarization, green emitters in those growth geometries exhibit an unsurpassed wavelength stability over very wide excitation and drive current ranges. Such a performance had not been possible in any polar c-plane growth and now places green LEDs in terms of wavelength stability up par with typical 450 nm blue emitters. The project also incorporated enabling opportunities in the development of micro and nano- patterned substrate technologies. Originally developped as a means to enhance generated light extraction we have demonstrated that the method of nano-patterning, in contrast to micro- patterning also results in a substantial reduction of threading dislocation generation. In green LEDs, we thereby see equal contributions of enhanced light extraction and reduced defect generation to a threefold enhancement of the green light output power. These results have opened entirely new approaches for future rapid and low cost epitaxial material development by avoidance of thick defect accommodation layers. All methods developed within this project have meanwhile widely been publicized by the members o
Wetzel, Christian
MARSIS subsurface radar investigations of the South Polar reentrant Chasma Australe
soundings of both the northern and southern polar residual ice and layered deposits [Picardi et al., 2005) has conducted the first-ever subsurface probing of the south polar layered deposits (SPLD) revealing-wide) erosion- al reentrant that originates within the south polar layered deposits (SPLD) at 86°S, and extends
Cummer, Steven A.
Field Metabolic Rate and PCB Adipose Tissue Deposition Efficiency in East Greenland Polar Bears Derived from
Field Metabolic Rate and PCB Adipose Tissue Deposition Efficiency in East Greenland Polar Bears metabolic rates (FMR) and CB153 deposition efficiencies in East Greenland polar bears. Our simulations Greenland polar bears. Citation: Pavlova V, Nabe-Nielsen J, Dietz R, Svenning J-C, Vorkamp K, et al. (2014
Schierup, Mikkel Heide
Culture wars, voting, and polarization: divisions and unities in modern American politics
elections? · Aspects of polarization  Polarized politics (the red team vs. the blue team)  Polarization Gelman, Department of Statistics and Department of Political Science, Columbia University Red state vs. blue state. Gun-owning, churchgoing, conservative Republicans in the heartland vs. liberal, secular
Polar Sea Ice Mapping Using SeaWinds Data Hyrum S. Anderson and David G. Long
Polar Sea Ice Mapping Using SeaWinds Data Hyrum S. Anderson and David G. Long Brigham Young for mapping polar sea ice extent. In this study, a new al- gorithm for polar sea ice mapping is developed of Bayes detection to produce sea ice extent maps. Statistical models for sea ice and ocean are represented
In situ formation of cosmogenic 14 C by cosmic ray nucleons in polar ice
In situ formation of cosmogenic 14 C by cosmic ray nucleons in polar ice Aleksandr Nesterenok 2011 Available online 8 October 2011 Keywords: Cosmic rays Polar ice Radiocarbon In situ production a b s t r a c t We study interactions of cosmic ray particles with the Earth's atmosphere and polar ice
Instrument effects in polarized infrared images Joseph A. Shaw, MEMBER SPIE
Instrument effects in polarized infrared images Joseph A. Shaw, MEMBER SPIE NOAA Environmental and fric- tional heating of the polarizer mount. Our model shows that the two surfaces of a wire uncertainties less than 1%. Subject terms: infrared polarization; thermal imaging; remote sensing. Optica
Shaw, Joseph A.
The role Alfvn waves in the generation of Earth polar auroras
The role Alfvén waves in the generation of Earth polar auroras Fabrice Mottez Laboratoire UniversV energies is the cause of the polar aurora displays, and an important factor of magnetic energy transfer dynamics of the auroral zone. Keywords: Polar auroras, particle acceleration PACS: 94.30.cq,52.59.Bi, 52
Social and political polarization Background: how many people do you know?
Overview Social and political polarization Background: how many people do you know? Learning from surveys #12;Overview Social and political polarization Background: how many people do you know? Learning Social and political polarization Background: how many people do you know? Learning from "How many X's do
The feasibility of using methylene blue sensitized polyvinylalcohol film as a linear polarizer
Linear light polarizing films selectively transmit radiations vibrating along an electromagnetic radiation vector and selectively absorb radiations vibrating along a second electromagnetic radiation vector. It happens according to the anisotropy of the film . In the present study the polarization effects of methylene blue sensitized polyvinyl alcohol is investigated. The polarization effects on the dye concentration, heating and stretching of film also are evaluated.
Jyothilakshmi, K.; Anju, K. S.; Arathy, K. [Department of Physics, Vimala College, Thrissur-9, Kerala (India); John, Beena Mary, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Physics, Bharata Mata College, Thrikkakara, Cochin-21,Kerala (India); Krishna, P. B.; Sruthi, C. T.; Chacko, Maria [Department of Physics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin-22, Kerala (India)
Invited Article: Radon and thoron intercomparison experiments for integrated monitors at NIRS, Japan
Inhalation of radon ({sup 222}Rn) and its short-lived decay products and of products of the thoron ({sup 220}Rn) series accounts for more than half of the effective dose from natural radiation sources. At this time, many countries have begun large-scale radon and thoron surveys and many different measurement methods and instruments are used in these studies. Consequently, it is necessary to improve and standardize technical methods of measurements and to verify quality assurance by intercomparisons between laboratories. Four international intercomparisons for passive integrating radon and thoron monitors were conducted at the NIRS (National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Japan). Radon exercises were carried out in the 24.4 m{sup 3} inner volume walk-in radon chamber that has systems to control radon concentration, temperature, and humidity. Moreover, the NIRS thoron chamber with a 150 dm{sup 3} inner volume was utilized to provide three thoron intercomparisons. At present, the NIRS is the only laboratory world-wide that has carried out periodic thoron intercomparison of passive monitors. Fifty laboratories from 26 countries participated in the radon intercomparison, using six types of detectors (charcoal, CR-39, LR 115, polycarbonate film, electret plate, and silicon photodiode). Eighteen laboratories from 12 countries participated in the thoron intercomparisons, using two etch-track types (CR-39 and polycarbonate) detectors. The tests were made under one to three different exposures to radon and thoron. The data presented in this paper indicated that the performance quality of laboratories for radon measurement has been gradually increasing. Results of thoron exercises showed that the quality for thoron measurements still needs further development and additional studies are needed to improve its measuring methods. The present paper provides a summary of all radon and thoron international intercomparisons done at NIRS from 2007 to date and it describes the present status on radon and thoron passive, one-time cycle monitors.
Janik, M., E-mail: email@example.com; Ishikawa, T.; Omori, Y.; Kavasi, N. [National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, 263-8555 Chiba (Japan)] [National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, 263-8555 Chiba (Japan)
Government-promoted collective research and development in Japan: Analyses of the organization through case studies
A study was commissioned by the Energy Conservation and Utilization Technologies (ECUT) Program of the US Department of Energy (DOE) to better understand the strategies used for cooperative and joint-venture research and development (R D) overseas. The study evaluates the organization and management of several different types of cooperative R D programs in Japan that are sponsored under the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) Program, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) Program, and the Key Technology Center (KTC) Program. The ERATO Program grew out of a concern over revising the government's approach to supporting research and technology development. The program was initiated to address what was regarded as a lack of creativity in areas at the forefront of science. The program recruits young researchers and allows them flexibility to explore multi-disciplinary areas at the forefront of science. It has been organized to allow for individual creativity but at the same time to benefit from the combined knowledge of an assembly of researchers. Because the plan is such a radical departure from conventional Japanese philosophy, it has met with certain bureaucratic obstacles. Visits to four ERATO projects are described. The third program, the KTC Program, focuses on getting private firms to venture into risky areas of advanced technology to pave the way for future industries. Its goal is to encourage a shift of resources in the private sector toward areas that are considered essential for the competitive development of future industries. The principal philosophy behind the KTC is that the private sector is in the best position to identify promising technical challenges and to weigh their commercial potential against research uncertainties. Three KTC research joint ventures are briefly described. 13 refs., 9 figs., 35 tabs.
Hane, G.J.
Final Report US-Japan IEC Workshop on Small Plasma and Accelerator Neutron Sources
Abstract The history of IEC development will be briefly described, and some speculation about future directions will be offered. The origin of IEC is due to the brilliance of Phil Farnsworth, inventor of electronic TV in the US. Early experiments were pioneered in the late 1960s by Robert Hirsch who later became head of the DOE fusion program. At that time studies of IEC physics quickly followed at the University of Illinois and at Penn State University. However, despite many successes in this early work, IEC research died as DOE funding stopped in the mid 1980s. In the early 90's, R. W. Bussard of EMC revived work with a new major project based on a magnetic assisted IEC. While doing supportive studies for that project, G. Miley proposed a grided "STAR mode" IEC as a neutron source for NAA. This concept was later used commercially by Daimler- Benz in Germany to analysis impurities in incoming ores. This represented a first practical application of the IEC. During this period other research groups at LANL, U of Wisconsin and Kyoto University entered IEC research with innovative new concepts and approaches to IEC physics and applications. Much of this work is documented in the present and in past US-Japan Workshops. At present we stand on the threshold of a new area of IEC applications as neutron source, for isotope production, and as a plasma source. These applications provide a way to continue IEC understanding and technology development with the ultimate goal being a fusion power plant. Indeed, a distinguishing feature of the IEC vs. other fusion confinement approaches is the unique opportunity for "spin off" applications along the way to a power producing plant.
Miley, George, H.
Preliminary Evaluation of Cesium Distribution for Wet Sieving Process Planned for Soil Decontamination in Japan - 13104
For the purpose of decontaminating radioactive cesium from a huge amount of soil, which has been estimated to be 1.2x10{sup 8} m{sup 3} by excavating to a 5-cm depth from the surface of Fukushima Prefecture where a severe nuclear accident occurred at TEPCO's power generating site and has emitted a significant amount of radioactive materials, mainly radioactive cesium, a wet sieving process was selected as one of effective methods available in Japan. Some private companies have demonstrated this process for soil treatment in the Fukushima area by testing at their plants. The results were very promising, and a full-fledged application is expected to follow. In the present study, we spiked several aqueous samples containing soil collected from an industrial wet sieving plant located near our university for the recycling of construction wastes with non-radioactive cesium hydroxide. The present study provides scientific data concerning the effectiveness in volume reduction of the contaminated soil by a wet sieving process as well as the cesium distribution between the liquid phase and clay minerals for each sub-process of the full-scale one, but a simulating plant equipped with a process of coagulating sedimentation and operational safety fundamentals for the plant. Especially for the latter aspect, the study showed that clay minerals of submicron size strongly bind a high content of cesium, which was only slightly removed by coagulation with natural sedimentation (1 G) nor centrifugal sedimentation (3,700 G) and some of the cesium may be transferred to the effluent or recycled water. By applying ultracentrifugation (257,000 G), most of submicron clay minerals containing cesium was removed, and the cesium amount which might be transferred to the effluent or recycled water, could be reduced to less than 2.3 % of the original design by the addition of a cesium barrier consisting of ultracentrifugation or a hollow fiber membrane. (authors)
Enokida, Y.; Tanada, Y.; Hirabayashi, D. [Graduate School of Engineering, 1 Furo-cho Nagoya-shi, Aichi-ken, 4648603 (Japan)] [Graduate School of Engineering, 1 Furo-cho Nagoya-shi, Aichi-ken, 4648603 (Japan); Sawada, K. [EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, 1 Furo-cho Nagoya-shi, Aichi-ken, 4648603 (Japan)] [EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, 1 Furo-cho Nagoya-shi, Aichi-ken, 4648603 (Japan)
Polarization-independent optical wavelength filter for channel dropping applications
The polarization dependence of optical wavelength filters is eliminated by using waveguide directional couplers. Material birefringence is used to compensate for the waveguide (electromagnetic) birefringence which is the original cause of the polarization dependence. Material birefringence is introduced in a controllable fashion by replacing bulk waveguide layers by finely layered composites, such as multiple quantum wells using III-V semiconductor materials. The filter has use in wavelength-division-multiplexed fiber optic communication systems. This filter has broad application for wavelength-tunable receivers in fiber optic communication links, which may be used for telecommunications, optical computer interconnect links, or fiber optic sensor systems. Since multiple-wavelength systems are increasingly being used for all of these applications, the filter is useable whenever a rapidly tunable, wavelength-filtering receiver is required.
Deri, Robert J. (Pleasanton, CA); Patterson, Frank (Livermore, CA)
Vibrated polar disks: spontaneous motion, binary collisions, and collective dynamics
We study the spontaneous motion, binary collisions, and collective dynamics of "polar disks", i.e. purpose-built particles which, when vibrated between two horizontal plates, move coherently along a direction strongly correlated to their intrinsic polarity. The motion of our particles, although nominally three-dimensional and complicated, is well accounted for by a two-dimensional persistent random walk. Their binary collisions are spatiotemporally extended events during which multiple actual collisions happen, yielding a weak average effective alignment. We show that this well-controlled, "dry active matter" system can display collective motion with orientationally-ordered regions of the order of the system size. We provide evidence of strong number density in the most ordered regimes observed. These results are discussed in the light of the limitations of our system, notably those due to the inevitable presence of walls.
Julien Deseigne; Sébastien Léonard; Olivier Dauchot; Hugues Chaté
Proposed bunching scheme for a polarized H/sup -/ injector
Improvements to the polarized H/sup -/ injector at LAMPF will include a two-stage buncher and beam chopper. The buncher scheme will permit the compression of a major part of the current in 20 rf cycles of the drift-tube linac (100 nsec) into a single rf cycle (5 nsec), thus making possible time-of-flight experiments with the polarized H/sup -/ beam. A proposed first buncher stage would use a ramp drive waveform; the second stage, a sinusoidal waveform. Design and sensitivity calculations are summarized, including beam energy considerations, buncher and chopper drive requirements, and longitudinal and transverse beam dynamics. The calculations indicate that about 70% of the beam from the source may be bunched in the 1-nsec acceptance region of the linac, with less than 0.1% of the beam in neighboring rf cycles. 5 figs.
Swain, G.R.; Browman, A.A.
The polarization dependence of optical wavelength filters is eliminated by using waveguide directional couplers. Material birefringence is used to compensate for the waveguide (electromagnetic) birefringence which is the original cause of the polarization dependence. Material birefringence is introduced in a controllable fashion by replacing bulk waveguide layers by finely layered composites, such as multiple quantum wells using III-V semiconductor materials. The filter has use in wavelength-division multiplexed fiber optic communication systems. This filter has broad application for wavelength-tunable receivers in fiber optic communication links, which may be used for telecommunications, optical computer interconnect links, or fiber optic sensor systems. Since multiple-wavelength systems are increasingly being used for all of these applications, the filter is useable whenever a rapidly tunable, wavelength-filtering receiver is required. 14 figs.
Deri, R.J.; Patterson, F.
Ionization detector, electrode configuration and single polarity charge detection method
An ionization detector, an electrode configuration and a single polarity charge detection method each utilize a boundary electrode which symmetrically surrounds first and second central interlaced and symmetrical electrodes. All of the electrodes are held at a voltage potential of a first polarity type. The first central electrode is held at a higher potential than the second central or boundary electrodes. By forming the first and second central electrodes in a substantially interlaced and symmetrical pattern and forming the boundary electrode symmetrically about the first and second central electrodes, signals generated by charge carriers are substantially of equal strength with respect to both of the central electrodes. The only significant difference in measured signal strength occurs when the charge carriers move to within close proximity of the first central electrode and are received at the first central electrode. The measured signals are then subtracted and compared to quantitatively measure the magnitude of the charge.
He, Zhong (Ann Arbor, MI)
An ionization detector, an electrode configuration and a single polarity charge detection method each utilize a boundary electrode which symmetrically surrounds first and second central interlaced and symmetrical electrodes. All of the electrodes are held at a voltage potential of a first polarity type. The first central electrode is held at a higher potential than the second central or boundary electrodes. By forming the first and second central electrodes in a substantially interlaced and symmetrical pattern and forming the boundary electrode symmetrically about the first and second central electrodes, signals generated by charge carriers are substantially of equal strength with respect to both of the central electrodes. The only significant difference in measured signal strength occurs when the charge carriers move to within close proximity of the first central electrode and are received at the first central electrode. The measured signals are then subtracted and compared to quantitatively measure the magnitude of the charge. 10 figs.
He, Z.
An Undulator Based Polarized Positron Source for CLIC
A viable positron source scheme is proposed that uses circularly polarized gamma rays generated from the main 250 GeV electron beam. The beam passes through a helical superconducting undulator with a magnetic field of {approx} 1 Tesla and a period of 1.15 cm. The gamma-rays produced in the undulator in the energy range between {approx} 3 MeV - 100 MeV will be directed to a titanium target and produce polarized positrons. The positrons are then captured, accelerated and transported to a Pre-Damping Ring (PDR). Detailed parameter studies of this scheme including positron yield, and undulator parameter dependence are presented. Effects on the 250 GeV CLIC main beam, including emittance growth and energy loss from the beam passing through the undulator are also discussed.
Liu, Wanming; /Argonne; Gai, Wei; /Argonne; Rinolfi, Louis; /CERN; Sheppard, John; /SLAC
Spin analyzing power for polarized top decays with jets
We perform perturbative QCD factorization of infrared radiations associated with an energetic $b$ quark from a polarized top quark decay, taking the semi-leptonic channel as an example. The resultant formula is expressed as a convolution of an infrared-finite heavy-quark kernel with a $b$-quark jet function. Evaluating the heavy-quark kernel up to leading order in the coupling constant and adopting the jet function from QCD resummation, we predict the dependence of the spin analyzing power for a polarized top quark on the invariant mass of the $b$-quark jet. It is observed that the spin analyzing power could be enhanced by a factor 2 compared to the inclusive case with the jet mass being integrated over. It is worthwhile to test experimentally the enhancement of the spin analyzing power due to the inclusion of jet dynamics.
Yoshio Kitadono; Hsiang-nan Li
Characterization of polar extracts from two petroleum-derived fuels
Petroleum fuels of marginal stability have been used as a source of nitrogen-rich polar extracts. Polar compounds were isolated by mild acid extraction followed by silica gel adsorption. The extracts were characterized and identified by combined capillary column GC/MS. Both fuels were studied by two methods under accelerated storage conditions, bottle tests and oxygen overpressure. Bottle tests were conducted at 80/sup 0/C for 14 days and the oxygen overpressure at both 65 and 43/sup 0/C for 6 days and 4 weeks respectively. Filterable insolubles and adherent gum were measured for both methods. Peroxide numbers were determined by ASTM D3703-85 for both stressed and original fuel samples.
Mushrush, G.W.; Beal, E.J.; Morris, R.E.; Cooney, J.V.; Hazlett, R.N.; Watkins, J.M.
Circular polarization of obliquely propagating whistler wave magnetic field
The circular polarization of the magnetic field of obliquely propagating whistler waves is derived using a basis set associated with the wave partial differential equation. The wave energy is mainly magnetic and the wave propagation consists of this magnetic energy sloshing back and forth between two orthogonal components of magnetic field in quadrature. The wave electric field energy is small compared to the magnetic field energy.
Bellan, P. M. [Applied Physics, Caltech, Pasadena California 91125 (United States)] [Applied Physics, Caltech, Pasadena California 91125 (United States)
Extractions of polarized and unpolarized parton distribution functions
An overview of our ongoing extractions of parton distribution functions of the nucleon is given. First JAM results on the determination of spin-dependent parton distribution functions from world data on polarized deep-inelastic scattering are presented first, and followed by a short report on the status of the JR unpolarized parton distributions. Different aspects of PDF analysis are briefly discussed, including effects of the nuclear structure of targets, target-mass corrections and higher twist contributions to the structure functions.
Jimenez-Delgado, Pedro [JLAB, Newport News, VA (United States)
Applications of highly spin-polarized xenon in NMR
The main goal of the work presented in this thesis is produce highly spin-polarized xenon to create much greater signal intensities (up to 54,000 times greater) so as to allow studies to be made on systems with low surface area and long spin-lattice relaxation times. The spin-exchange optical pumping technique used to create high nuclear spin polarization is described in detail in chapter two. This technique is initially applied to some multiple-pulse optically detected NMR experiments in low magnetic field (50G) that allow the study of quadrupoler interactions with a surface of only a few square centimeters. In chapter three the apparatus used to allow high field {sup 129}Xe NMR studies to be performed with extremely high sensitivity is described and applied to experiments on diamagnetic susceptibility effects in thin ({approximately}2000 layers) films of frozen xenon. Preliminary surface investigations of laser polarized {sup 129}Xe adsorbed an a variety of materials (salts, molecular crystals, amorphous carbon, graphite) are then discussed. A full detailed study of the surface of a particular polymer, poly(acrylic acid), is presented in chapter four which shows the kind of detailed information that can be obtained from this technique. Along with preliminary results for several similar polymers, a summary is given of xenon studies of a novel ultra-high surface area polymer, poly(triarylcarbinol). Finally in chapter five the exciting possibility of transferring the high spin order of the laser polarized xenon has been used to transfer nuclear spin order to {sup 13}CO{sub 2} in a xenon matrix and to protons on poly(triarylcarbinol).
Long, H.W. [Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry; [Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States)
Strongly Polarized Optical Afterglows of Gamma-Ray Bursts
The optical afterglows of the gamma ray bursts can be strongly polarized, in principle up to tens of percents, if: (i) the afterglow is synchrotron radiation from an ultra-relativistic blast, (ii) the blast is beamed during the afterglow phase, i.e. the shock propagates within a narrow jet, (iii) we observe at the right time from the right viewing angle, (iv) magnetic fields parallel and perpendicular to the jet have different proper strengths.
Andrei Gruzinov
Static, massive fields and vacuum polarization potential in Rindler space
In Rindler space, we determine in terms of special functions the expression of the static, massive scalar or vector field generated by a point source. We find also an explicit integral expression of the induced electrostatic potential resulting from the vacuum polarization due to an electric charge at rest in the Rindler coordinates. For a weak acceleration, we give then an approximate expression in the Fermi coordinates associated with the uniformly accelerated observer.
Arabidopsis thalianafrom Polarization Transfer Solid-State NMR
Polysaccharide-rich plant cell walls are hydrated under functional conditions, but the molecular interactions between water and polysaccharides in the wall have not been investigated. In this work, we employ polarization transfer solid-state NMR techniques to study the hydration of primary-wall polysaccharides of the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. By transferring water 1H polarization to polysaccharides through distance- and mobility-dependent 1H–1H dipolar couplings and detecting it through polysaccharide 13C signals, we obtain information about water proximity to cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectins as well as water mobility. Both intact and partially extracted cell wall samples are studied. Our results show that water–pectin polarization transfer is much faster than water–cellulose polarization transfer in all samples, but the extent of extraction has a profound impact on the water–polysaccharide spin diffusion. Removal of calcium ions and the consequent extraction of homogalacturonan (HG) significantly slowed down spin diffusion, while further extraction of matrix polysaccharides restored the spin diffusion rate. These trends are observed in cell walls with similar water content, thus they reflect inherent differences in the mobility and spatial distribution of water. Combined with quantitative analysis of the polysaccharide contents, our results indicate that calcium ions and HG gelation increase the amount of bound water, which facilitates spin diffusion, while calcium removal disrupts the gel and gives rise to highly dynamic water, which slows down spin diffusion. The recovery of spin diffusion rates after more extensive extraction is attributed to increased water-exposed surface areas of the polysaccharides. Water–pectin spin diffusion precedes water–cellulose spin diffusion, lending support to the single-network model of plant primary walls in which a substantial fraction of the cellulose surface is surrounded by pectins.
White, Paul B [Ames Laboratory; Wang, Tuo [Ames Laboratory; Park, Yong Bum [Pennsylvania State University; Cosgrove, Daniel J [Pennsylvania State University; Hong, Mei [Ames Laboratory
Wideband dual-linear polarized microstrip patch antenna
: the type and thickness of the antenna substrate, the method for feeding the antenna, size of patch antenna, polarization of antenna, the presence of slots in the patch and the use of fractal antennas. II.1 IMPORTANT BROADBAND DESIGN PARAMETERS Antenna... for an aperture coupled stacked patch antenna???????????????.. 24 10 Geometry of the final aperture coupled stacked patch antenna with bowtie apertures and dual offset microstrip feed lines??????.. 25 11 VSWR comparison for various sized patches, apertures...
Smith, Christopher Brian
Two-photon polarization data storage in bacteriorhodopsin films and its potential use in security applications
Bacteriorhodopsin (BR) films allow write-once-read-many recording of polarization data by a two-photon-absorption (TPA) process. The optical changes in BR films induced by the TPA recording were measured and the Müller matrix of a BR film was determined. A potential application of BR films in security technology is shown. Polarization data can be angle-selective retrieved with high signal-to-noise ratio. The BR film does not only carry optical information but serves also as a linear polarizer. This enables that polarization features recorded in BR films may be retrieved by merely using polarized light from a mobile phone display.
Imhof, Martin; Hampp, Norbert, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Chemistry, Material Sciences Center, University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str., D-35032 Marburg (Germany); Rhinow, Daniel [Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Straße 3, D-60438 Frankfurt (Germany)
Central-moment description of polarization for quantum states of light
We present a moment expansion method for the systematic characterization of the polarization properties of quantum states of light. Specifically, we link the method to the measurements of the Stokes operator in different directions on the Poincar\\'{e} sphere, and provide a method of polarization tomography without resorting to full state tomography. We apply these ideas to the experimental first- and second-order polarization characterization of some two-photon quantum states. In addition, we show that there are classes of states whose polarization characteristics are dominated not by their first-order moments (i.e., the Stokes vector) but by higher-order polarization moments.
G. Björk; J. Söderholm; Y. -S. Kim; Y. -S. Ra; H. -T. Lim; C. Kothe; Y. -H. Kim; L. L. Sánchez-Soto; A. B. Klimov
Transrelativistic Synchrotron Emissivity, Cross-Section, and Polarization
The spectrum and polarization produced by particles spiraling in a magnetic field undergo dramatic changes as the emitters transition from nonrelativistic to relativistic energies. However, none of the currently available methods for calculating the characteristics of this radiation field are adequate for the purpose of sustaining accuracy and speed of computation in the intensity, and none even attempt to provide a means of determining the polarization fraction other than in the cyclotron or synchrotron limits. But the transrelativistic regime, which we here find to lie between $5\\times 10^7$ K and $5\\times 10^9$ K for a thermal plasma, is becoming increasingly important in high-energy astrophysical environments, such as in the intra-cluster medium, and in the accretion flows of supermassive black holes. In this paper, we present simple, yet highly accurate, fitting formulae for the magnetobremsstrahlung (also known as cyclo-synchrotron) emissivity, its polarization fraction (and content), and the absorption cross-section. We demonstrate that both the harmonic and high-energy limiting behavior are well represented, incurring at most an error of $\\sim 5%$ throughout the transition region.
Brandon Wolfe; Fulvio Melia
It is well known that a complete description of the solar wind requires a kinetic description and that, particularly at sub-proton scales, kinetic effects cannot be ignored. It is nevertheless usually assumed that at scales significantly larger than the proton gyroscale r{sub L} , magnetohydrodynamics or its extensions, such as Hall-MHD and two-fluid models with isotropic pressures, provide a satisfactory description of the solar wind. Here we calculate the polarization and magnetic compressibility of oblique kinetic Alfven waves and show that, compared with linear kinetic theory, the isotropic two-fluid description is very compressible, with the largest discrepancy occurring at scales larger than the proton gyroscale. In contrast, introducing anisotropic pressure fluctuations with the usual double-adiabatic (or CGL) equations of state yields compressibility values which are unrealistically low. We also show that both of these classes of fluid models incorrectly describe the electric field polarization. To incorporate linear kinetic effects, we use two versions of the Landau fluid model that include linear Landau damping and finite Larmor radius (FLR) corrections. We show that Landau damping is crucial for correct modeling of magnetic compressibility, and that the anisotropy of pressure fluctuations should not be introduced without taking into account the Landau damping through appropriate heat flux equations. We also show that FLR corrections to all the retained fluid moments appear to be necessary to yield the correct polarization. We conclude that kinetic effects cannot be ignored even for kr{sub L} << 1.
Hunana, P.; Goldstein, M. L. [NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States)] [NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States); Passot, T.; Sulem, P. L.; Laveder, D. [Laboratoire J. L. Lagrange, Universite de Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, BP 4229, F-06304 Nice Cedex 4 (France)] [Laboratoire J. L. Lagrange, Universite de Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, BP 4229, F-06304 Nice Cedex 4 (France); Zank, G. P. [Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research (CSPAR), University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35805 (United States)] [Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research (CSPAR), University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35805 (United States)
Some links on this page may take you to non-federal websites. Their policies may differ from this site.
Website Policies and Important Links
Search capabilities provided by DOE/OSTI