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Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Off Peak Power - An Alternative to Interruptible Service
E-Print Network [OSTI]
Georgia Power's Off-Peak Rider encourages load reductions up to 40% during on-peak periods over four summer months each year. Since summer on-peak time represents about 50% of available time, the customer's productive summer capacity may be reduced...
Nordyke, H. G., Jr.
Off peak cooling using an ice storage system
The electric utilities in the United States have entered a period of slow growth due to a combination of increased capital costs and a staggering rise in the costs for fuel. In addition to this, the rise in peak power ...
Quinlan, Edward Michael
Production of Hydrogen at the Forecourt Using Off-Peak Electricity: June 2005 (Milestone Report)
SciTech Connect (OSTI)
This milestone report provides information about the production of hydrogen at the forecourt using off-peak electricity as well as the Hydrogen Off-Peak Electricity (HOPE) model.
Levene, J. I.
Submitted to Renewable Energy, 5 December 2009 The technical potential for off-peak electricity
October 2009 #12;The technical potential for off-peak electricity to serve as backup in wind. This paper examines the technical potential of off-peak electricity to ensure that wind-charged thermalSubmitted to Renewable Energy, 5 December 2009 ERG/200910 The technical potential for off
Hughes, Larry
Off-peak air conditioning; A major energy saver
Today, the mission given to manufacturers is changing to include saving energy (kWh). Until now, saving energy was ignored because the utilities were happy to fill their night valley to reach a higher load factor. There also was a general feeling that making ice was much less efficient than standard air conditioning, and that anyone saying otherwise was a dreamer. This article discusses the energy savings based on the more prevalent ice storage technology, the similar suction temperatures of the various types of ice storage, and how storage is applied. Included are baseload power generation, partial storage with chiller priority, using air cooled condensers when making ice at night, colder duct air, heat recovery, central rooftop systems, smart controls, electric/gas combinations, supply side transmission and distribution losses, and cooling of air entering gas turbine generators during peak conditions.
MacCracken, C.D.
Author's personal copy Synergistic roles of off-peak electrolysis and thermochemical
, Ontario, Canada L8S 4K1 a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 10 June 2008 Received in revised, but electrolysis can take advantage of low electricity prices during off-peak hours, as well as intermittent and de million tonnes per year by 2023. In Alberta alone, oil sands development is requiring huge quantities
Naterer, Greg F.
Driving Smart Growth: Electric Vehicle Adoption and OffPeak Electricity Rates
Driving Smart Growth: Electric Vehicle Adoption and OffPeak Electricity Rates Peter Driving Smart Growth: Electric Vehicle Adoption Page 2 Executive Summary Reducing our dependence to electric vehicles (EVs)1 is core to reducing reliance on fossil fuels and driving smart growth
Holsinger, Kent
Periodic transmission peaks in non-periodic disordered one-dimensional photonic structures
A better understanding of the optical properties of a device structure characterized by a random arrangement of materials with different dielectric properties at a length scale comparable to the wavelength of light is crucial for the realization of new optical and optoelectronic devices. Here we have studied the light transmission of disordered photonic structures made with two and three different materials, characterized by the same optical thickness. In their transmission spectra a formation of peaks, with a transmission of up to 75%, is evident. The spectral position of such peaks is very regular, which is a result of the constraint that all layers have the same optical thickness. This gives rise to a manifold of applications such as new types of bandpass filters and resonators for distributed feedback lasers.
Kriegel, Ilka
OFF-SHORE WIND AND GRID-CONNECTED PV: HIGH PENETRATION PEAK SHAVING FOR NEW YORK CITY Richard Perez-shore wind and PV generation using the city of New York as a test case. While wind generation is not known the source of the energy that can meet the demand. While the peak-time availability of wind generation
Perez, Richard R.
Control system analysis for off-peak auxiliary heating of passive solar systems
A computer simulation method is presented for the design of an electrical auxiliary energy system for passive solar heated structures. The system consists of electrical mats buried in the ground underneath the structure. Energy is stored in the ground during utility off-peak hours and released passively to the heated enclosure. An optimal control strategy is used to determine the system design parameters of depth of mat placement and minimum instaled electrical heating capacity. The optimal control applies combinations of fixed duration energy pulses to the heater, which minimize the room temperature error-squared for each day, assuming advance knowledge of the day's weather. Various realizable control schemes are investigated in an attempt to find a system that approaches the performance of the optimal control system.
Murray, H.S.; Melsa, J.L.; Balcomb, J.D.
Twin peak quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) appear in the X-ray power-density spectra of several accreting low-mass neutron star (NS) binaries. Observations of the peculiar Z-source Circinus X-1 display unusually low QPO frequencies. Using these observations, we have previously considered the relativistic precession (RP) twin peak QPO model to estimate the mass of the central NS in Circinus X-1. We have shown that such an estimate results in a specific mass-angular-momentum (M - j) relation rather than a single preferred combination of M and j. Here we confront our previous results with another binary, the atoll source 4U 1636-53 that displays the twin peak QPOs at very high frequencies, and extend the consideration to various twin peak QPO models. In analogy to the RP model, we find that these imply their own specific M - j relations. We explore these relations for both sources and note differences in the {chi}{sup 2} behavior that represent a dichotomy between high- and low-frequency sources. Based on the RP model, we demonstrate that this dichotomy is related to a strong variability of the model predictive power across the frequency plane. This variability naturally comes from the radial dependence of characteristic frequencies of orbital motion. As a consequence, the restrictions on the models resulting from observations of low-frequency sources are weaker than those in the case of high-frequency sources. Finally we also discuss the need for a correction to the RP model and consider the removing of M - j degeneracies, based on the twin peak QPO-independent angular momentum estimates.
Toeroek, Gabriel; Bakala, Pavel; Sramkova, Eva; Stuchlik, Zdenek; Urbanec, Martin; Goluchova, Katerina, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com [Institute of Physics, Faculty of Philosophy and Science, Silesian University in Opava, Bezrucovo nam. 13, CZ-746 01 Opava (Czech Republic)
The development of a charge protocol to take advantage of off- and on-peak demand economics at facilities
This document reports the work performed under Task 22.214.171.124: 'The development of a charge protocol to take advantage of off- and on-peak demand economics at facilities'. The work involved in this task included understanding the experimental results of the other tasks of SOW-5799 in order to take advantage of the economics of electricity pricing differences between on- and off-peak hours and the demonstrated charging and facility energy demand profiles. To undertake this task and to demonstrate the feasibility of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) and electric vehicle (EV) bi-directional electricity exchange potential, BEA has subcontracted Electric Transportation Applications (now known as ECOtality North America and hereafter ECOtality NA) to use the data from the demand and energy study to focus on reducing the electrical power demand of the charging facility. The use of delayed charging as well as vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and vehicle-to-building (V2B) operations were to be considered.
Jeffrey Wishart
Energy, power, and office buildings : design and analysis of an off-peak cooling system using structural mass storage
As the electric utilities face ever increasing peak power production requirements, (mostly from the commercial sector) scheduled "time-of-day" pricing schemes have become imperative. At present, most conservation strategies ...
Mathis, Rory Christopher
Design and evaluation of seasonal storage hydrogen peak electricity supply system
The seasonal storage hydrogen peak electricity supply system (SSHPESS) is a gigawatt-year hydrogen storage system which stores excess electricity produced as hydrogen during off-peak periods and consumes the stored hydrogen ...
Oloyede, Isaiah Olanrewaju
Managing the Night Off-Peak Power Demand in the Central Region UPS with Newly Commissioned NPP Capacities
The use of hydrogen technologies as a controlled-load consumer based on the newly commissioned base-load nuclear power plants to level out the daily load profile is justified for the Unified Power System (UPS) of the Central Region of Russia, as an example, for the period till 2020.
Aminov, R. Z. [Saratov Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russian Federation); Pron�, D. M. [Yu. A. Gagarin Saratov State Technical University (Russian Federation)
Estimated Savings from Turning Off Unnecessary Electrical Loads During Unoccupied Periods at the Langford Architecture Center
in those studios during unoccupied hours. Turning off the lights on the third and fourth floor studios would reduce the electricity cost by $4,757 per year and the associated heating and cooling costs by an additional $583 for a total savings of $5...
Soebarto, V. I.; Haberl, J. S.; Degelman, L. O.
Boutloukos et al. discovered twin-peak quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in 11 observations of the peculiar Z-source Circinus X-1. Among several other conjunctions the authors briefly discussed the related estimate of the compact object mass following from the geodesic relativistic precession model for kHz QPOs. Neglecting the neutron star rotation they reported the inferred mass M{sub 0} = 2.2 {+-} 0.3 M{sub sun}. We present a more detailed analysis of the estimate which involves the frame-dragging effects associated with rotating spacetimes. For a free mass we find acceptable fits of the model to data for (any) small dimensionless compact object angular momentum j = cJ/GM {sup 2}. Moreover, quality of the fit tends to increase very gently with rising j. Good fits are reached when M {approx} M{sub 0}[1 + 0.55(j + j {sup 2})]. It is therefore impossible to estimate the mass without independent knowledge of the angular momentum and vice versa. Considering j up to 0.3 the range of the feasible values of mass extends up to 3 M{sub sun}. We suggest that similar increase of estimated mass due to rotational effects can be relevant for several other sources.
Toeroek, Gabriel; Bakala, Pavel; Sramkova, Eva; StuchlIk, Zdenek; Urbanec, Martin, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Institute of Physics, Faculty of Philosophy and Science, Silesian University in Opava Bezrucovo nam. 13, CZ-746 01 Opava (Czech Republic)
Storing hydroelectricity to meet peak-hour demand
This paper reports on pumped storage plants which have become an effective way for some utility companies that derive power from hydroelectric facilities to economically store baseload energy during off-peak hours for use during peak hourly demands. According to the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) in Palo Alto, Calif., 36 of these plants provide approximately 20 gigawatts, or about 3 percent of U.S. generating capacity. During peak-demand periods, utilities are often stretched beyond their capacity to provide power and must therefore purchase it from neighboring utilities. Building new baseload power plants, typically nuclear or coal-fired facilities that run 24 hours per day seven days a week, is expensive, about $1500 per kilowatt, according to Robert Schainker, program manager for energy storage at the EPRI. Schainker the that building peaking plants at $400 per kilowatt, which run a few hours a day on gas or oil fuel, is less costly than building baseload plants. Operating them, however, is more expensive because peaking plants are less efficient that baseload plants.
Valenti, M.
Quantum reflection and interference of matter waves from periodically doped surfaces
We show that periodically doped, flat surfaces can act as reflective diffraction gratings for atomic and molecular matter waves. The diffraction element is realized by exploiting that charged dopants locally suppress quantum reflection from the Casimir-Polder potential. We present a general quantum scattering theory for reflection off periodically charged surfaces and discuss the requirements for the observation of multiple diffraction peaks.
Benjamin A. Stickler; Uzi Even; Klaus Hornberger
EVALUATING EFFECTIVENESS OF RAMP Evidence from the twin cities ramp meter shut-off
Chapter 9 EVALUATING EFFECTIVENESS OF RAMP METERS Evidence from the twin cities ramp meter shut-625-6354 Abstract: Ramp meters in the Twin Cities have been turned off for eight weeks in Fall 2000 in an experiment representative freeways during the afternoon peak period. Several performance measures for ramp metering
Levinson, David M.
WECC and Peak Update
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
WECC and Peak Update Transmission B O N N E V I L L E P O W E R A D M I N I S T R A T I O N Pre-decisional. For Discussion Purposes Only. WECC and Peak Background In the...
Peak power ratio generator
DOE Patents [OSTI]
A peak power ratio generator is described for measuring, in combination with a conventional power meter, the peak power level of extremely narrow pulses in the gigahertz radio frequency bands. The present invention in a preferred embodiment utilizes a tunnel diode and a back diode combination in a detector circuit as the only high speed elements. The high speed tunnel diode provides a bistable signal and serves as a memory device of the input pulses for the remaining, slower components. A hybrid digital and analog loop maintains the peak power level of a reference channel at a known amount. Thus, by measuring the average power levels of the reference signal and the source signal, the peak power level of the source signal can be determined.
Moyer, Robert D. (Albuquerque, NM)
Off-peak cooling using phase change material
The electric utilities in the United States are faced with continued rapid growth in electrical demand. The traditional response to growth in demand has been the expansion of generating capacity. However, economic, ...
Benton, Charles Crisp
Microgrid Dispatch for Macrogrid Peak-Demand Mitigation
on-peak rates from time-of-use (TOU) tariffs while enhancingTable 1 Time of Use Electricity Tariff at SRJ Period Summer
DeForest, Nicholas
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth7-1D: Vegetation ProposedUsingFun withconfinementEtching. | EMSLtheIndustryMitch204PeakTwitchell
Desert Peak EGS Project
Energy Savers [EERE]
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of Inspector General Office of Audit Services AuditTransatlantic Relations & the196-2011 AprilDesert Peak
Off-site Intensive Operational Period
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1 - September 2006 The 2002 Wholesale Power Rate Schedules (base rates) forOdds2 ARM
Texas Nuclear Profile - Comanche Peak
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) Indexed Site
Comanche Peak" "Unit","Summer capacity (mw)","Net generation (thousand mwh)","Summer capacity factor (percent)","Type","Commercial operation date","License expiration date"...
Peak oil: diverging discursive pipelines.
??Peak oil is the claimed moment in time when global oil production reaches its maximum rate and henceforth forever declines. It is highly controversial as� (more)
Doctor, Jeff
Peak finding using biorthogonal wavelets
The authors show in this paper how they can find the peaks in the input data if the underlying signal is a sum of Lorentzians. In order to project the data into a space of Lorentzian like functions, they show explicitly the construction of scaling functions which look like Lorentzians. From this construction, they can calculate the biorthogonal filter coefficients for both the analysis and synthesis functions. They then compare their biorthogonal wavelets to the FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigations) wavelets when used for peak finding in noisy data. They will show that in this instance, their filters perform much better than the FBI wavelets.
Tan, C.Y.
Thermal Energy Storage for Electricity Peak-demand Mitigation: A Solution in Developing and Developed World Alike
In much of the developed world, air-conditioning in buildings is the dominant driver of summer peak electricity demand. In the developing world a steadily increasing utilization of air-conditioning places additional strain on already-congested grids. This common thread represents a large and growing threat to the reliable delivery of electricity around the world, requiring capital-intensive expansion of capacity and draining available investment resources. Thermal energy storage (TES), in the form of ice or chilled water, may be one of the few technologies currently capable of mitigating this problem cost effectively and at scale. The installation of TES capacity allows a building to meet its on-peak air conditioning load without interruption using electricity purchased off-peak and operating with improved thermodynamic efficiency. In this way, TES has the potential to fundamentally alter consumption dynamics and reduce impacts of air conditioning. This investigation presents a simulation study of a large office building in four distinct geographical contexts: Miami, Lisbon, Shanghai, and Mumbai. The optimization tool DER-CAM (Distributed Energy Resources Customer Adoption Model) is applied to optimally size TES systems for each location. Summer load profiles are investigated to assess the effectiveness and consistency in reducing peak electricity demand. Additionally, annual energy requirements are used to determine system cost feasibility, payback periods and customer savings under local utility tariffs.
DeForest, Nicholas; Mendes, Goncalo; Stadler, Michael; Feng, Wei; Lai, Judy; Marnay, Chris
Silver Peak Innovative Exploration Project
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
DOE Geothermal Peer Review 2010 - Presentation. Project objectives: Reduce the high level of risk during the early stages of geothermal project development by conducting a multi-faceted and innovative exploration and drilling program at Silver Peak. Determine the combination of techniques that are most useful and cost-effective in identifying the geothermal resource through a detailed, post-project evaluation of the exploration and drilling program.
CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION STAFF FORECAST OF 2007 PEAK DEMAND STAFFREPORT June 2006 CEC-400....................................................................... .................11 Tables Table 1: Revised versus September 2005 Peak Demand Forecast ......................... 2.............................................................................................. 10 #12;Introduction and Background This document describes staff's updated 2007 peak demand forecasts
COMMITTEE FINAL REPORT REVISED SHORTTERM PEAK DEMAND FORECAST (20112012) MARCH 2011 CEC. #12; i ABSTRACT This report presents revised shortterm peak demand forecasts for the California, and San Diego Gas & Electric transmission access charge areas. Keywords: Forecast, peak demand
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth7-1D: Vegetation ProposedUsingFun withconfinementEtching. | EMSLtheIndustryMitch204Peak Site #0401
Scaling Distributed Energy Storage for Grid Peak Reduction
efforts have shown how variable rate pricing can incentivize consumers to use energy storage to cut periods. Unfortunately, vari- able rate pricing provides only a weak incentive for dis- tributed energyScaling Distributed Energy Storage for Grid Peak Reduction Aditya Mishra, David Irwin, Prashant
Massachusetts at Amherst, University of
DEVELOPMENT OF TRADE-OFF EQUATIONS FOR ENERGYSTAR , Robin Mitchell1
in SHGC needed to compensate for a change in U-factor. Of the four EnergyStar© Window climate zones, trade the trade-off equations, the impact of the trade-offs on peak heating and cooling energy use is alsoDEVELOPMENT OF TRADE-OFF EQUATIONS FOR ENERGYSTAR© WINDOWS Joe Huang1 , Robin Mitchell1 , Steve
Off-Shell Tachyons
The idea that the new particles invented in some models beyond the standard model can appear only inside the loops is attractive. In this paper, we fill these loops with off-shell tachyons, leading to a solution of the zero results of the loop diagrams involving the off-shell non-tachyonic particles. We also calculate the Passarino-Veltman $A_0^o$ and $B_0^o$ of the off-shell tachyons.
Yi-Lei Tang
Peak Travel, Peak Car and the Future of Mobility: Evidence, Unresolved...
Open Energy Info (EERE)
Travel, Peak Car and the Future of Mobility: Evidence, Unresolved Issues, Policy Implications, and a Research Agenda Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: Peak...
Quality of Monitoring of Stochastic Events by Periodic and ...
be periodically turned off to conserve energy, thereby ... such as chemical, biological, nuclear, radiational, .... ited/offset by the latency and energy costs of turn-.
Promoting Employment Across Kansas (PEAK) (Kansas)
Promoting Employment Across Kansas (PEAK) allows for the retention of employee payroll withholding taxes for qualified companies or third parties performing services on behalf of such companies....
An Approximate Method to Assess the Peaking Capability of the NW Hydroelectric System
DRAFT 1 An Approximate Method to Assess the Peaking Capability of the NW Hydroelectric System September 26, 2005 The best way to assess the hydroelectric system's peaking capability is to simulate its. This model simulates the operation of the major hydroelectric projects over a one-week (168 hour) period
Using Compressed Air Efficiency Projects to Reduce Peak Industrial Electric Demands: Lessons Learned
"To help customers respond to the wildly fluctuating energy markets in California, Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E) initiated an emergency electric demand reduction program in October 2000 to cut electric use during peak periods. One component...
Skelton, J.
CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION FINAL STAFF FORECAST OF 2008 PEAK DEMAND STAFFREPORT June 2007 CEC-200 of the information in this paper. #12;Abstract This document describes staff's final forecast of 2008 peak demand demand forecasts for the respective territories of the state's three investor-owned utilities (IOUs
Off-peak summer performance enhancement for rows of fixed solar thermal collectors using reflective surfaces.
??The possibility of increasing the efficiency of fixed solar thermal collectors without greatly adding to the cost or complexity of the overall solar collection system� (more)
Armenta, Casiano
AVTA: EVSE Charging Protocol for On and Off-Peak Demand | Department of
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious RankCombustionImprovement3 Beryllium-Associated6-05.pdfATTENDEEES: Ashley Armstrong,of EnergyEnergy
A perspective on the CMB acoustic peak
CMB angular spectrum measurements suggest a flat universe. This paper clarifies the relation between geometry and the spherical harmonic index of the first acoustic peak ($\\ell_{peak}$). Numerical and analytic calculations show that $\\ell_{peak}$ is approximately a function of $\\Omega_K/\\Omega_M$ where $\\Omega_K$ and $\\Omega_M$ are the curvature ($\\Omega_K > 0$ implies an open geometry) and mass density today in units of critical density. Assuming $\\Omega_K/\\Omega_M \\ll 1$, one obtains a simple formula for $\\ell_{peak}$, the derivation of which gives another perspective on the widely-recognized $\\Omega_M$-$\\Omega_\\Lambda$ degeneracy in flat models. This formula for near-flat cosmogonies together with current angular spectrum data yields familiar parameter constraints.
T. A. Marriage
Saving Power at Peak Hours (LBNL Science at the Theater)
ScienceCinema (OSTI)
California needs new, responsive, demand-side energy technologies to ensure that periods of tight electricity supply on the grid don't turn into power outages. Led by Berkeley Lab's Mary Ann Piette, the California Energy Commission (through its Public Interest Energy Research Program) has established a Demand Response Research Center that addresses two motivations for adopting demand responsiveness: reducing average electricity prices and preventing future electricity crises. The research seeks to understand factors that influence "what works" in Demand Response. Piette's team is investigating the two types of demand response, load response and price response, that may influence and reduce the use of peak electric power through automated controls, peak pricing, advanced communications, and other strategies.
Piette, Mary Ann
Flow shop scheduling with peak power consumption constraints
Mar 29, 2012 ... Flow shop scheduling with peak power consumption constraints ... Keywords: scheduling, flow shop, energy, peak power consumption, integer�...
K. Fang
Scott McPeak Research Statement
Scott McPeak Research Statement My main research interest is in tools and techniques to improve software quality. In this statement I describe my past involvement in several research projects whose goal and server proxy I co-wrote with Dan Bonachea.) Our group's efforts on CCured have made it more than a mere
California at Berkeley, University of
of assessed building energy consumption and indoor air temperature peaks. At last, the coupling of the urban energy consumption. Building uses are an important part of the global energy use thus a good conception until the year 2100 highlight a regular increase building energy consumption and indoor At last
Boyer, Edmond
Triangle Singularities and XYZ Quarkonium Peaks
We discuss analytical properties of partial waves derived from projection of a 4-legged amplitude with crossed-channel exchanges in the kinematic region of the direct channel that corresponds to the XYZ peaks in charmonium and bottomonium. We show that in general partial waves can develop anomalous branch points in the vicinity of the direct channel physical region. In a specific case, when these branch points lie on the opposite side of the unitary cut they pinch the integration contour in a dispersion relation and if the pinch happens close to threshold, the normal threshold cusp is enhanced. We show that this effect only occurs if masses of resonances in the crossed channel are in a specific, narrow range. We estimate the size of threshold enhancements originating from these anomalous singularities in reactions where the Zc(3900) and the Zb(10610) peaks have been observed.
Adam P. Szczepaniak
Szczepaniak, Adam P
In our earlier studies, we reported the detection of off-pulse emission from two long-period pulsars B0525+21 and B2045-16. The pulsars were observed at a single epoch using the 325 MHz frequency band of the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT). In this paper, we report a detailed study of the off-pulse emission from these two pulsars using multiple observations at two different frequencies, 325 MHz and 610 MHz bands of GMRT. We report detection of off-pulse emission during each observation and based on the scintillation effects and spectral index of off-pulse emission we conclude a magnetospheric origin. The magnetospheric origin of off-pulse emission gives rise to various interesting possibilities about its emission mechanism and raises questions about the structure of the magnetosphere.
Basu, Rahul; Mitra, Dipanjan [National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, P.O. Bag 3, Pune University Campus, Pune 411 007 (India); Athreya, Ramana, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com [Indian Institute of Science Education Research (IISER)-Pune, 900, NCL Innovation Park, Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411 008 (India)
Ice Thermal Storage Systems for Nuclear Power Plant Supplemental Cooling and Peak Power Shifting
Availability of cooling water has been one of the major issues for the nuclear power plant site selection. Cooling water issues have frequently disrupted the normal operation at some nuclear power plants during heat waves and long draught. One potential solution is to use ice thermal storage (ITS) systems that reduce cooling water requirements and boost the plant�s thermal efficiency in hot hours. ITS uses cheap off-peak electricity to make ice and uses the ice for supplemental cooling during peak demand time. ITS also provides a way to shift a large amount of electricity from off peak time to peak time. For once-through cooling plants near a limited water body, adding ITS can bring significant economic benefits and avoid forced derating and shutdown during extremely hot weather. For the new plants using dry cooling towers, adding the ITS systems can effectively reduce the efficiency loss during hot weather so that new plants could be considered in regions lack of cooling water. This paper will review light water reactor cooling issues and present the feasibility study results.
Haihua Zhao; Hongbin Zhang; Phil Sharpe; Blaise Hamanaka; Wei Yan; WoonSeong Jeong
Peak power tracking for a solar buck charger
This thesis discusses the design, implementation, and testing of a buck converter with peak power tracking. The peak power tracker uses a perturb and observe algorithm to actively track the solar panel's peak power point ...
Cohen, Jeremy Michael, M. Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Residential implementation of critical-peak pricing of electricity
L.R. Modeling alternative residential peak-load electricitydemand response to residential critical peak pricing (CPP)analysis of California residential customer response to
Herter, Karen
Silver Peak Geothermal Project | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 No revisionEnvReviewNonInvasiveExplorationUT-g Grant ofRichardton AbbeyARaftPadomaSierraSilver Peak Geothermal
Silver Peak Geothermal Area | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia:FAQ < RAPID Jump to:Seadov Pty Ltd Jump to: navigation,Pvt LtdShrub Oak, NewSilicium deSilver Peak Area) Jump
GeoPeak Energy | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 No revision has beenFfe2fb55-352f-473b-a2dd-50ae8b27f0a6TheoreticalFuelCellGemini SolarAssets LLCGenifuel JumpGeoPeak
LED Lighting Off the Grid
D. & Kammen, D. M. Decentralized energy systems for clean electricity access. Nature Climate Change accepted, in press, (2015). Off-Grid Status Quo : Fuel Based Lighting...
the utility grid. This kind of operating strategy is called e.g. "peak load shaving", "peak power reduction. This method is broadly applicable to similar applications, e.g. for peak-shaving of PV power to limit" or just "peak shaving" and is applied to diverse applications and systems. This paper presents a method
Paderborn, Universität
Rank Name Peak Date Peak Location Bomb Peak Gradient Min Depth (Hr-Dy-Mn-Yr) (Lat, Lon) (Bergeron) (hPa/1000km) (hPa)
Rank Name Peak Date Peak Location Bomb Peak Gradient Min Depth (Hr-Dy-Mn-Yr) (Lat, Lon) (Bergeron, and northwest europe (Cambride Univ. Pr.). 1 #12;Figure S1(a): Evolution of 'Daria' (the top ranked storm arrow is approximately 50 m s-1). 2 #12;Figure S1(b): As for Figure S1(a) but for the storm ranked
Caballero, Rodrigo
Gamow peak approximation near strong resonances
We discuss the most effective energy range for charged particle induced reactions in a plasma environment at a given plasma temperature. The correspondence between the plasma temperature and the most effective energy should be modified from the one given by the Gamow peak energy, in the presence of a significant incident-energy dependence in the astrophysical S-factor as in the case of resonant reactions. The suggested modification of the effective energy range is important not only in thermonuclear reactions at high temperature in the stellar environment, e.g., in advanced burning stages of massive stars and in explosive stellar environment, as it has been already claimed, but also in the application of the nuclear reactions driven by ultra-intense laser pulse irradiations.
Kimura, Sachie
BroadPeak: a novel algorithm for identifying broad peaks in dif-fuse ChIP-seq datasets
1 BroadPeak: a novel algorithm for identifying broad peaks in dif- fuse ChIP-seq datasets JianrongIP-seq datasets. We show that BroadPeak is a linear time algorithm that requires only two parame- ters, and we validate its performance on real and simulated histone modification ChIP-seq datasets. BroadPeak calls
Jordan, King
Peak Population: Timing and Influences of Peak Energy on the World and the United States
Peak energy is the notion that the world�s total production of usable energy will reach a maximum value and then begin an inexorable decline. Ninety-two percent of the world�s energy is currently derived from the non-renewable sources (oil, coal...
Warner, Kevin 1987-
Modeling-Computer Simulations At Desert Peak Area (Wisian & Blackwell...
navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Exploration Activity: Modeling-Computer Simulations At Desert Peak Area (Wisian & Blackwell, 2004) Exploration Activity...
THE COMPACT STEEP SPECTRUM AND GHZ PEAKED SPECTRUM RADIO SOURCES Christopher P. O'Dea email@example.com ABSTRACT I review the radio to Xray properties of GHz Peaked Spectrum (GPS) and Compact Steep Spectrum The GHz Peaked Spectrum (GPS) and Compact Steep Spectrum (CSS) radio sources make up significant fractions
EarlyOff: Using House Cooling Rates To Save Energy Microsoft Research, UK and
@microsoft.com Abstract Home heating systems often have a significant ther- mal inertia, as homes stay warm after the heating is turned off for significant periods of time. We present the EarlyOff concept, whereby home, home heating con- sumes more energy than any other household end- use [1]. While many houses have
Krumm, John
@microsoft.com Abstract Home heating systems often have a significant thermal in- ertia, as homes stay warm after the heating is turned off for significant periods of time. We present the EarlyOff con- cept, whereby home, home heating consumes more energy than any other household end-use [1]. While many houses have
Hazas, Mike
Off-Campus Student Services | offcampus.uconn.edu 1 OffOff--CampusCampus
Deposit 26 Utilities 28 Trash & Recycling 29 Renter's Insurance 30 Subleasing 31 Property Manager Parking & Transportation 50 Pets 52 Eating Well 54 #12;Off-Campus Student Services | offcampus
Alpay, S. Pamir
Storm Water Analytical Period
Storm Water Analytical Period Storm Water Analytical Period The Individual Permit authorizes the discharge of storm water associated with historical industrial activities at LANL...
Industrial-Load-Shaping: The Practice of and Prospects for Utility/Industry Cooperation to Manage Peak Electricity Demand
INDUSTRIAL-LOAD-SHAPI1IG: TIlE PRACTICE OF AND PROSPECTS FOR UTILITY/INDUSTRY COOPERATION TO MAUGE PEAK ELECTRICITY DEMAND Donald J. BuIes and David E. Rubin Consultants, Pacific Gas and Electric Company San Francisco, California Michael F.... Maniates Energy and Resources Group, University of California Berkeley, California ABSTRACT Load-management programs designed to reduce demand for electricity during peak periods are becoming increasingly important to electric utilities. For a gf...
Bules, D. J.; Rubin, D. E.; Maniates, M. F.
A correlation between the peak luminosity and the peak energy has been found by Yonetoku et al. as L{sub p} {proportional_to}E{sup 2.0}{sub p,i} for 11 pre-Swift long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). In this study, for a greatly expanded sample of 148 long GRBs in the Swift era, we find that the correlation still exists, but most likely with a slightly different power-law index, i.e., L{sub p} {proportional_to} E{sup 1.7}{sub p,i}. In addition, we have collected 17 short GRBs with necessary data. We find that the correlation of L{sub p} {proportional_to} E{sup 1.7}{sub p,i} also exists for this sample of short events. It is argued that the radiation mechanism of both long and short GRBs should be similar, i.e., of quasi-thermal origin caused by the photosphere, with the dissipation occurring very near the central engine. Some key parameters of the process are constrained. Our results suggest that the radiation processes of both long and short bursts may be dominated by thermal emission, rather than by the single synchrotron radiation. This might put strong physical constraints on the theoretical models.
Zhang, Z. B.; Chen, D. Y. [Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025 (China); Huang, Y. F., E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Astronomy, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 (China)
The Fermi blazars' divide based on the diagnostic of the SEDs peak frequencies
We have studied the quasi-simultaneous Spectral Energy Distributions (SED) of 48 LBAS blazars, detected within the three months of the LAT Bright AGN Sample (LBAS) data taking period, combining Fermi and Swift data with radio NIR-Optical and hard-X/gamma-ray data. Using these quasi-simultaneous SEDs, sampling both the low and the high energy peak of the blazars broad band emission, we were able to apply a diagnostic tool based on the estimate of the peak frequencies of the synchrotron (S) and Inverse Compton (IC) components. Our analysis shows a Fermi blazars' divide based on the peak frequencies of the SED. The robust result is that the Synchrotron Self Compton (SSC) region divides in two the plane were we plot the peak frequency of the synchrotron SED vs the typical Lorentz factor of the electrons most contributing to the synchrotron emission and to the inverse Compton process. Objects within or below this region, radiating likely via the SSC process, are high-frequency-peaked BL Lac object (HBL), or low/in...
Tramacere, A; Giommi, P; Mazziotta, N; Monte, C
LS Note 336 - A Method of Optimizing Field Roll-Off and the Peak Field of Hybrid Planar Undulators
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth7-1D: VegetationEquipment Surfaces and Interfaces Sample6, 2011 LOS ALAMOS, NewattractsDamping of PlasmaMethod
Effect of asymmetry in peak profiles on solar oscillation frequencies
Most helioseismic analyses are based on solar oscillations frequencies obtained by fitting symmetric peak profiles to the power spectra. However, it has now been demonstrated that the peaks are not symmetric. In this work we study the effects of asymmetry of the peak profiles on the solar oscillations frequencies of p-modes for low and intermediate degrees. We also investigate how the resulting shift in frequencies affects helioseismic inferences.
Sarbani Basu; H. M. Antia
affect peak oxidative: Topics by E-print Network
establish a monotonicity result that indicates fuel supply Todd, Michael J. 119 Potential Peak Load Reductions From Residential Energy Efficient Upgrades Texas A&M University -...
assisting daytime peaking: Topics by E-print Network
models are deterministic Minnesota, University of 105 Distributed Battery Control for Peak Power Shaving in Datacenters Computer Technologies and Information Sciences Websites...
artery peak systolic: Topics by E-print Network
power spectrum. Michael P. Hobson 1996-11-26 69 COMMITTEE FINAL REPORT REVISED SHORTTERM PEAK Energy Storage, Conversion and Utilization Websites Summary: , weather adjustment,...
Reducing Peak Demand to Defer Power Plant Construction in Oklahoma
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
Reducing Peak Demand to Defer Power Plant Construction in Oklahoma Located in the heart of "Tornado Alley," Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company's (OG&E) electric grid faces significant...
to time-of-day electricity pricing: first empirical results.S. The trouble with electricity markets: understandingresidential peak-load electricity rate structures. Journal
High-Performance with Solar Electric Reduced Peak Demand: Premier...
energy systems with high-performance homes and showing how they align with utility peak-demand reduction interests. In addition to substantial energy savings, solar electric home...
Office of Legacy Management (LM)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "ofEarlyEnergyDepartment ofDepartment ofof EnergyYou$0.C. 20545*.MSE Cores" _ ,' ,:.'' , pir. 5%72
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "ofEarlyEnergyDepartment ofDepartment ofof EnergyYou$0.C. 20545*.MSE Cores" _ ,' ,:.'' , pir.
P3DDT Peak Profile Analysis 4.1 Introduction
81 Chapter 4 P3DDT Peak Profile Analysis 4.1 Introduction The increasing molecular level complexity of paracrystal order are given in Ref. [36]. #12; 82 CHAPTER 4. P3DDT PEAK PROFILE ANALYSIS The well are the primary reasons why few have attempted apply ing this methodology to polymer systems. P3DDT is a polymer
Winokur, Michael
PWP-085 TRENDS IN ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION, PEAK DEMAND, AND GENERATING CAPACITY IN CALIFORNIA, California 94720-5180 www.ucei.org #12;TRENDS IN ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION, PEAK DEMAND, AND GENERATING** Abstract This study analyzes state and regional electricity supply and demand trends for the eleven states
California at Berkeley. University of
Energy solutions for CO2 emission peak and subsequent decline
Energy solutions for CO2 emission peak and subsequent decline Edited by Leif Sønderberg Petersen and Hans Larsen Risø-R-1712(EN) September 2009 Proceedings Risø International Energy Conference 2009 #12;Editors: Leif Sønderberg Petersen and Hans Larsen Title: Energy solutions for CO2 emission peak
Effects of Forest Harvesting and Regeneration on Peak Streamflow
Effects of Forest Harvesting and Regeneration on Peak Streamflow in a Coastal Watershed By Robert Harvesting and Regeneration on Peak Streamflow in a Coastal Watershed. Research Section, Vancouver Forest to harvest timber on Crown lands--is re-invested in the forests, forest workers, and forest communities
On Transforming Spectral Peaks in Voice Conversion Elizabeth Godoy 1
On Transforming Spectral Peaks in Voice Conversion Elizabeth Godoy 1 , Olivier Rosec1 , email@example.com Abstract This paper explores the benefits of transforming spectral peaks in voice conversion. First, in examining classic GMM- based transformation with cepstral coefficients, we show that the lack of transformed
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Smoothing the Energy Consumption: Peak Demand Reduction in Smart Grid
for autonomous demand side management within one house. The DRS devices are able to sense and control the peak energy consumption or demand. We assume that several appliances within one building access to oneSmoothing the Energy Consumption: Peak Demand Reduction in Smart Grid Shaojie Tang , Qiuyuan Huang
Li, Xiang-Yang
liquid fuels: 1) Improved Oil Recovery (IOR) can marginally increase production from existing reservoirs oil production declines from reservoirs that are past their peak production: 2) Heavy oil / oil sandsPEAKING OF WORLD OIL PRODUCTION: IMPACTS, MITIGATION, & RISK MANAGEMENT Robert L. Hirsch, SAIC
Laughlin, Robert B.
Peak Oil and REMI PI+: State Fiscal Implications
, nation, and states) · Shale oil not included Shale oil reserve estimates 2.0 Trillion bbls in USPeak Oil and REMI PI+: State Fiscal Implications Jim Peach Arrowhead Center Prosper Project is peak oil? · Why peak oil (and gas) matters (In energy and non-energy states) National Real GDP
Johnson, Eric E.
Giant bubble pinch-off
Self-similarity has been the paradigmatic picture for the pinch-off of a drop. Here we will show through high-speed imaging and boundary integral simulations that the inverse problem, the pinch-off of an air bubble in water, is not self-similar in a strict sense: A disk is quickly pulled through a water surface, leading to a giant, cylindrical void which after collapse creates an upward and a downward jet. Only in the limiting case of large Froude number the neck radius $h$ scales as $h(-\\log h)^{1/4} \\propto \\tau^{1/2}$, the purely inertial scaling. For any finite Froude number the collapse is slower, and a second length-scale, the curvature of the void, comes into play. Both length-scales are found to exhibit power-law scaling in time, but with different exponents depending on the Froude number, signaling the non-universality of the bubble pinch-off.
Raymond Bergmann; Devaraj van der Meer; Mark Stijnman; Marijn Sandtke; Andrea Prosperetti; Detlef Lohse
Considering Prefabulous and Almost Off the Grid
Prefabulous and Almost Off the Grid Introduction Two recentPrefabulous and Almost Off the Grid by Sheri Koones In herand Almost O?fz�/Je Grid (Abrams, 2012), Sheri Koones pro?
Grenier, Lotus; Beba, Zoe; Gray, Art
Bonded, walk-off compensated optical elements
A bonded, walk-off compensated crystal, for use with optical equipment, and methods of making optical components including same.
Ebbers, Christopher A. (Livermore, CA)
Embodied Energy and Off-Grid Lighting
as a point of comparison with LED lighting product embodieda fairer comparison between off- grid LED lighting and other
Alstone, Peter
artery peak velocity: Topics by E-print Network
The time series analysis of Doppler velocity maps show enhanced power in the sunspot umbra at higher frequencies and in the penumbra at lower frequencies. We find that the peak...
Potential Peak Load Reductions From Residential Energy Efficient Upgrades
of the distribution network can be improved; and added environmental pollution can be minimized. Energy efficiency improvements, especially through residential programs, are increasingly being used to mitigate this rise in peak demand. This paper examines...
Meisegeier, D.; Howes, M.; King, D.; Hall, J.
Optimization of Demand Response Through Peak Shaving , D. Craigie
Optimization of Demand Response Through Peak Shaving G. Zakeri , D. Craigie , A. Philpott , M. Todd for the demand response of such a consumer. We will establish a monotonicity result that indicates fuel supply
Todd, Michael J.
An Innovative Approach Towards National Peak Load Management
An innovative approach was developed and implemented in eight governmental buildings to reduce their load during the peak demand hours in summer of 2007. The innovative approach implemented in these buildings included pre-closing treatment (PCT...
Al-Mulla, A.; Maheshwari, G. P.; Al-Nakib, D.; ElSherbini, A.; Alghimlas, F.; Al-Taqi, H.; Al-Hadban, Y.
Application of Thermal Storage, Peak Shaving and Cogeneration for Hospitals
Energy costs of hospitals can be managed by employing various strategies to control peak electrical demand (KW) while at the same time providing additional security of operation in the event that an equipment failure or a disruption of power from...
McClure, J. D.; Estes, J. M.; Estes, M. C.
Peaking of world oil production: Impacts, mitigation, & risk management
The peaking of world oil production presents the U.S. and the world with an unprecedented risk management problem. As peaking is approached, liquid fuel prices and price volatility will increase dramatically, and, without timely mitigation, the economic, social, and political costs will be unprecedented. Viable mitigation options exist on both the supply and demand sides, but to have substantial impact, they must be initiated more than a decade in advance of peaking.... The purpose of this analysis was to identify the critical issues surrounding the occurrence and mitigation of world oil production peaking. We simplified many of the complexities in an effort to provide a transparent analysis. Nevertheless, our study is neither simple nor brief. We recognize that when oil prices escalate dramatically, there will be demand and economic impacts that will alter our simplified assumptions. Consideration of those feedbacks will be a daunting task but one that should be undertaken. Our aim in this study is to-- � Summarize the difficulties of oil production forecasting; � Identify the fundamentals that show why world oil production peaking is such a unique challenge; � Show why mitigation will take a decade or more of intense effort; � Examine the potential economic effects of oil peaking; � Describe what might be accomplished under three example mitigation scenarios. � Stimulate serious discussion of the problem, suggest more definitive studies, and engender interest in timely action to mitigate its impacts.
Hirsch, R.L. (SAIC); Bezdek, Roger (MISI); Wendling, Robert (MISI)
Observation of low magnetic field density peaks in helicon plasma
Single density peak has been commonly observed in low magnetic field (<100 G) helicon discharges. In this paper, we report the observations of multiple density peaks in low magnetic field (<100 G) helicon discharges produced in the linear helicon plasma device [Barada et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 063501 (2012)]. Experiments are carried out using argon gas with m = +1 right helical antenna operating at 13.56 MHz by varying the magnetic field from 0 G to 100 G. The plasma density varies with varying the magnetic field at constant input power and gas pressure and reaches to its peak value at a magnetic field value of {approx}25 G. Another peak of smaller magnitude in density has been observed near 50 G. Measurement of amplitude and phase of the axial component of the wave using magnetic probes for two magnetic field values corresponding to the observed density peaks indicated the existence of radial modes. Measured parallel wave number together with the estimated perpendicular wave number suggests oblique mode propagation of helicon waves along the resonance cone boundary for these magnetic field values. Further, the observations of larger floating potential fluctuations measured with Langmuir probes at those magnetic field values indicate that near resonance cone boundary; these electrostatic fluctuations take energy from helicon wave and dump power to the plasma causing density peaks.
Barada, Kshitish K.; Chattopadhyay, P. K.; Ghosh, J.; Kumar, Sunil; Saxena, Y. C. [Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382428 (India)
Atmospheric influences on Gulf Stream fluctuations off Onslow Bay, North Carolina
. Brooks The subtidal frequency response of currents to the wind stress and wind stress curl and divergence in the coastal region off Onslow Bay, North Carolina was investigated for two 4-month mooring periods: January-May, 1979 and August...ATMOSPHERIC INFLUENCES ON GULF STREAM FLUCTUATIONS OFF ONSLOW BAY, NORTH CAROLINA A Thesis by ROBERT LESTER COHEN Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas ASM University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of MASTER...
Cohen, Robert Lester
We have examined the cyclotron resonance instability developing in the relativistic outflowing plasma in the pulsar magnetosphere. The instability condition leads to radio emission in the subgigahertz frequency regime which is likely to be seen as off-pulse emission. Recent studies have shown the presence of off-pulse emission in long period pulsars, and we demonstrate this plasma process to be an energetically viable mechanism.
Basu, Rahul; Mitra, Dipanjan [National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, P.O. Bag 3, Pune University Campus, Pune 411 007 (India); Melikidze, George I., E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Kepler Institute of Astronomy, University of Zielona Gora, Lubuska 2, 65-265 Zielona Gora (Poland)
Use of Residential Smart Appliances for Peak Load Shifting & Spinning Reserves: Cost Benefit Analysis
Abstract In this paper, we present the results of an analytical cost-benefit study of residential smart appliances in support of a joint stakeholder petition to the EPA and DOE to provide a 5% credit to meet ENERGY STAR eligibility criteria for products that meet the definition of a smart appliance. The underlying hypothesis is that smart appliances can play a critical role in addressing some of the challenges associated with increased electricity demand, and increased penetration of renewable sources of power. Our analytical model utilizes current annual appliance electricity consumption data, and estimates what the wholesale grid operating cost savings would be if some percentage of appliance loads were shifted away from peak hours to run during off-peak hours, and appliance loads serve power system balancing needs such as spinning reserves that would otherwise have to be provided by generators. Historical wholesale market clearing prices (location marginal and spinning reserve) from major wholesale power markets in the United States are used to estimate savings. The savings are then compared with the five percent credit, to determine if the savings in grid operating costs (benefits) are at least as high as the credit (cost) if not higher.
Sastry, Chellury; Pratt, Robert G.
Berkeley Off-line Radioisotope Generator (BORG)
Development of chemical separations for the transactinides has traditionally been performed with longer-lived tracer activities purchased commercially. With these long-lived tracers, there is always the potential problem that the tracer atoms are not always in the same chemical form as the short-lived atoms produced in on-line experiments. This problem is especially severe for elements in groups 4 and 5 of the periodic table, where hydrolysis is present. The long-lived tracers usually are stored with a complexing agent to prevent sorption or precipitation. Chemistry experiments performed with these long-lived tracers are therefore not analogous to those chemical experiments performed in on-line experiments. One way to eliminate the differences between off-line and on-line chemistry experiments is through the use of a {sup 252}Cf fission fragment collection device. A {sup 252}Cf fission fragment collection device has already been constructed [1]. This device is limited in its capabilities. A new fission fragment device would allow the study of the chemical properties of the homologues of the heaviest elements. This new device would be capable of producing fission fragments for fast gas chemistry and aqueous chemistry experiments, long-lived tracers for model system development and neutrons for neutron activation. Fission fragment activities produced in this way should have the same chemical form as those produced in Cyclotron irradiations. The simple operation of this source will allow more rapid and reliable development of radiochemical separations with homologues of transactinide elements.
Sudowe, Ralf; Patin, Joshua B.
Ice Thermal Storage Systems for LWR Supplemental Cooling and Peak Power Shifting
Availability of enough cooling water has been one of the major issues for the nuclear power plant site selection. Cooling water issues have frequently disrupted the normal operation at some nuclear power plants during heat waves and long draught. The issues become more severe due to the new round of nuclear power expansion and global warming. During hot summer days, cooling water leaving a power plant may become too hot to threaten aquatic life so that environmental regulations may force the plant to reduce power output or even temporarily to be shutdown. For new nuclear power plants to be built at areas without enough cooling water, dry cooling can be used to remove waste heat directly into the atmosphere. However, dry cooling will result in much lower thermal efficiency when the weather is hot. One potential solution for the above mentioned issues is to use ice thermal storage systems (ITS) that reduce cooling water requirements and boost the plant�s thermal efficiency in hot hours. ITS uses cheap off-peak electricity to make ice and uses those ice for supplemental cooling during peak demand time. ITS is suitable for supplemental cooling storage due to its very high energy storage density. ITS also provides a way to shift large amount of electricity from off peak time to peak time. Some gas turbine plants already use ITS to increase thermal efficiency during peak hours in summer. ITSs have also been widely used for building cooling to save energy cost. Among three cooling methods for LWR applications: once-through, wet cooling tower, and dry cooling tower, once-through cooling plants near a large water body like an ocean or a large lake and wet cooling plants can maintain the designed turbine backpressure (or condensation temperature) during 99% of the time; therefore, adding ITS to those plants will not generate large benefits. For once-through cooling plants near a limited water body like a river or a small lake, adding ITS can bring significant economic benefits and avoid forced derating and shutdown during extremely hot weather. For the new plants using dry cooling towers, adding the ice thermal storage systems can effectively reduce the efficiency loss and water consumption during hot weather so that new LWRs could be considered in regions without enough cooling water. \\ This paper presents the feasibility study of using ice thermal storage systems for LWR supplemental cooling and peak power shifting. LWR cooling issues and ITS application status will be reviewed. Two ITS application case studies will be presented and compared with alternative options: one for once-through cooling without enough cooling for short time, and the other with dry cooling. Because capital cost, especially the ice storage structure/building cost, is the major cost for ITS, two different cost estimation models are developed: one based on scaling method, and the other based on a preliminary design using Building Information Modeling (BIM), an emerging technology in Architecture/Engineering/Construction, which enables design options, performance analysis and cost estimating in the early design stage.
A major limitation in the use of electrochemical techniques for the quantitative analysis of mixtures is the difficulty of resolving overlapped peaks. This problem is further complicated by the low signal-to-noise ratios often encountered in trace analysis and by the use of electrochemical techniques that produce broad, asymmetric waveforms. This paper demonstrates the use of the Kalman Filter for multi-component analysis of linear sweep voltammograms. Even with the broad, asymmetric LSV waveform, synthetic data runs show that a peak separation of as little as 2.5 mV is sufficient for peak deconvolution in the presence of random noise. Besides separating overlapped peaks, the methods also filters the noise from the signal and can be used to separate the capacitive current component from the faradaic current component. The method is validated further using the Cd(II)/In(III) and Cd(II)/In(III)/Pb(II) systems which show peak separations of 40 to 200 mV. The use of the techniques with two other voltammetric waveforms is also demonstrated.
Brown, T.F.; Brown, S.D.
Development of a dispatchable PV peak shaving system. Final report on PV:BONUS Phase 2 activities
In July 1993, the Delmarva Power and Light Company (now Conectiv, Inc.) was awarded a contract for the development of a Dispatchable Photovoltaic Peak Shaving System under the US Department of Energy PV:BONUS Program. The rationale for the dispatchable PV peak shaving system is based on the coincidence between the solar resource and the electrical load in question. Where poor coincidence exists, a PV array by itself does little to offset peak demands. However, with the addition of a relatively small amount of energy storage, the energy from the PV array can be managed and the value of the PV system increases substantially. In Phase 2, Delmarva Power continued the refinement of the system deployed in Phase 1. Four additional dispatchable PV peak shaving systems were installed for extended testing and evaluation at sites in Delaware, Maryland, Wisconsin and North Carolina. A second type of system that can be used to provide back-up power as well as peak shaving was also developed in Phase 2. This PV-UPS system used a packaging approach nearly identical to the PV peak shaving system, although there were significant differences in the design of the power electronics and control systems. Conceptually, the PV-UPS system builds upon the idea of adding value to PV systems by increasing functionality. A prototype of the PV-UPS system was installed in Delaware for evaluation near the end of the contract period.
Ferguson, W.D. [Conectiv, Inc., Wilmington, DE (United States); Nigro, R.M. [Applied Energy Group, Inc., Hauppauge, NY (United States)
Method for reducing peak phase current and decreasing staring time for an internal combustion engine having an induction machine
A method for reducing the starting time and reducing the peak phase currents for an internal combustion engine that is started using an induction machine starter/alternator. The starting time is reduced by pre-fluxing the induction machine and the peak phase currents are reduced by reducing the flux current command after a predetermined period of time has elapsed and concurrent to the application of the torque current command. The method of the present invention also provides a strategy for anticipating the start command for an internal combustion engine and determines a start strategy based on the start command and the operating state of the internal combustion engine.
Amey, David L. (Birmingham, MI); Degner, Michael W. (Farmington Hills, MI)
Estimating market potential for reducing customer peak loads through photovoltaics
Past studies have quantified photovoltaics` (PV) peak load matching capability on a utility-wide scale. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the number of utility subloads (e.g., customers, substations) whose peak loads are well matched with solar availability. A simple tool based on the utility scale load-PV match is developed to estimate the market size of customer scale PV applications with high load-PV matches. Illustrative examples of customer owned PV economics are also provided. The authors show that (1) the market size of high load matching PV applications on the subload scale is significant even within utility systems whose load requirements are not particularly well matched with PV output; and (2) the cost of PV as a peak shaving resource for utility customers is approaching competitive levels.
Bryan, J. [Citizens Advisory Panel, Central Islip, NY (United States); Perez, R. [Univ. of New York, Albany, NY (United States). Atmospheric Sciences Research Center
Silver Peak Innovative Exploration Project (Ram Power Inc.)
Data generated from the Silver Peak Innovative Exploration Project, in Esmeralda County, Nevada, encompasses a �deep-circulation (amagmatic)� meteoric-geothermal system circulating beneath basin-fill sediments locally blanketed with travertine in western Clayton Valley (lithium-rich brines from which have been mined for several decades). Spring- and shallow-borehole thermal-water geochemistry and geothermometry suggest that a Silver Peak geothermal reservoir is very likely to attain the temperature range 260- 300oF (~125-150oC), and may reach 300-340oF (~150-170oC) or higher (GeothermEx, Inc., 2006). Results of detailed geologic mapping, structural analysis, and conceptual modeling of the prospect (1) support the GeothermEx (op. cit.) assertion that the Silver Peak prospect has good potential for geothermal-power production; and (2) provide a theoretical geologic framework for further exploration and development of the resource. The Silver Peak prospect is situated in the transtensional (regional shearing coupled with extension) Walker Lane structural belt, and squarely within the late Miocene to Pliocene (11 Ma to ~5 Ma) Silver Peak-Lone Mountain metamorphic core complex (SPCC), a feature that accommodated initial displacement transfer between major right-lateral strike- slip fault zones on opposite sides of the Walker Lane. The SPCC consists essentially of a ductiley-deformed lower plate, or �core,� of Proterozoic metamorphic tectonites and tectonized Mesozoic granitoids separated by a regionally extensive, low-angle detachment fault from an upper plate of severely stretched and fractured structural slices of brittle, Proterozoic to Miocene-age lithologies. From a geothermal perspective, the detachment fault itself and some of the upper-plate structural sheets could function as important, if secondary, subhorizontal thermal-fluid aquifers in a Silver Peak hydrothermal system.
Miller, Clay
DOE Data Explorer [Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)]
L: Shape-based peak identification for ChIPSeq
Abstract. We present a new algorithm for the identification of bound regions from ChIP-seq experiments. Our method for identifying statistically significant peaks from read coverage is inspired by the notion of persistence in topological data analysis and provides a non-parametric approach that is robust to noise in experiments. Specifically, our method reduces the peak calling problem to the study of tree-based statistics derived from the data. We demonstrate the accuracy of our method on existing datasets, and we show that it can discover previously missed regions and can more clearly discriminate between multiple binding events.
Valerie Hower; Steven N. Evans; Lior Pachter
Silver Peak, Nevada: Energy Resources | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 No revisionEnvReviewNonInvasiveExplorationUT-g Grant ofRichardton AbbeyARaftPadomaSierraSilver Peak GeothermalPeak,
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia:FAQ < RAPID Jump to:Seadov Pty Ltd Jump to: navigation,Pvt LtdShrub Oak, NewSilicium deSilver Peak Area)Peak,
A control system for improved battery utilization in a PV-powered peak-shaving system
Photovoltaic (PV) power systems offer the prospect of allowing a utility company to meet part of the daily peak system load using a renewable resource. Unfortunately, some utilities have peak system- load periods that do not match the peak production hours of a PV system. Adding a battery energy storage system to a grid-connected PV power system will allow dispatching the stored solar energy to the grid at the desired times. Batteries, however, pose system limitations in terms of energy efficiency, maintenance, and cycle life. A new control system has been developed, based on available PV equipment and a data acquisition system, that seeks to minimize the limitations imposed by the battery system while maximizing the use of PV energy. Maintenance requirements for the flooded batteries are reduced, cycle life is maximized, and the battery is operated over an efficient range of states of charge. This paper presents design details and initial performance results on one of the first installed control systems of this type.
Palomino, E [Salt River Project, Phoenix, AZ (United States); Stevens, J. [Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States); Wiles, J. [New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM (United States). Southwest Technology Development Inst.
Scenario Analysis of Peak Demand Savings for Commercial Buildings with Thermal Mass in California
This paper reports on the potential impact of demand response (DR) strategies in commercial buildings in California based on the Demand Response Quick Assessment Tool (DRQAT), which uses EnergyPlus simulation prototypes for office and retail buildings. The study describes the potential impact of building size, thermal mass, climate, and DR strategies on demand savings in commercial buildings. Sensitivity analyses are performed to evaluate how these factors influence the demand shift and shed during the peak period. The whole-building peak demand of a commercial building with high thermal mass in a hot climate zone can be reduced by 30percent using an optimized demand response strategy. Results are summarized for various simulation scenarios designed to help owners and managers understand the potential savings for demand response deployment. Simulated demand savings under various scenarios were compared to field-measured data in numerous climate zones, allowing calibration of the prototype models. The simulation results are compared to the peak demand data from the Commercial End-Use Survey for commercial buildings in California. On the economic side, a set of electricity rates are used to evaluate the impact of the DR strategies on economic savings for different thermal mass and climate conditions. Our comparison of recent simulation to field test results provides an understanding of the DR potential in commercial buildings.
Yin, Rongxin; Kiliccote, Sila; Piette, Mary Ann; Parrish, Kristen
Optimization Online - Compressed Sensing Off the Grid
Sep 13, 2012 ... Compressed Sensing Off the Grid. Gongguo Tang(gtang5 ***at*** wisc.edu) Badri Narayan Bhaskar(bnbhaskar ***at*** wisc.edu) Parikshit�...
Gongguo Tang
Observations of long period earthquakes accompanying hydraulic fracturing
Waveforms of most seismic events accompanying hydraulic fracturing have been reported to contain clear P and S waves and have fault plane solutions consistent with shear displacement across a fault. This observation is surprising since classical hydraulic fracturing theory predicts the creation of a tensile opening of a cavity in response to fluid pressure. Very small long period events, similar to long period earthquakes observed at volcanoes, were found to occur during four hydraulic fracturing experiments carried out at Fenton Hill, New Mexico. Since the long period earthquakes occur in the same region as the shear type events, it is concluded that the unusual character of the long period earthquake waveforms is due to a source effect and not a path effect. The occurrence of long period earthquakes during hydraulic fracturing could indicate tensile fracturing. Many waveforms of these events are identical, which implies that these events represent repeated activation of a given source. A proposed source for these long period events is the sudden opening of a channel that connects two cracks filled with fluid at different pressures. The sizes of the two cracks differ, which causes two or more peaks to appear in the spectra, each peak being associated with one physical dimension of each crack. From the frequencies at which spectral peaks occur, crack lengths are estimated to be between 3 and 20m.
Bame, D.; Fehler, M.
Piton Peaks, St. Lucia 515 Caribbean Discovery V1
· · · · · #12;V1 Piton Peaks, St. Lucia 515 Caribbean Discovery V1 PRSRTSTD U.S.POSTAGE PERMIT cruise the turquoise waters of the Caribbean. Sail from Miami to the beautiful island of Tortola, home beaches, and explore colorful towns as you discover the Caribbean. Cruise to celebrated ports aboard
Connor, Ed
SCHOOL OF HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY Peak Carbon. Climate change and energy
SCHOOL OF HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY Peak Carbon. Climate change and energy policy ARTS2241 S2, 2010 #12 to be overcome before Australia can make deep cuts in greenhouse emissions, particularly from energy generation AIMS · Create awareness of the `bigger picture' that connects concerns over climate change and energy
Green, Donna
Scalable Scheduling of Building Control Systems for Peak Demand Reduction
Behl, Rahul Mangharam and George J. Pappas Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University operation of sub- systems such as heating, ventilating, air conditioning and refrigeration (HVAC&R) systems is fundamental for their efficient behavior, especially in elec- trical systems and the electric grid [1]. Peak
Pappas, George J.
Green Scheduling: Scheduling of Control Systems for Peak Power Reduction
approach to fine-grained coordination of energy demand by scheduling energy consuming control systems of the system variables only, control system execution (i.e. when energy is supplied to the system-Scheduling; Energy Systems; Peak Power Reduction; Load Balancing; I. INTRODUCTION During a major sporting event
Firing Excess Refinery Butane in Peaking Gas Turbines
normal butane production, which will reduce refinery normal butane value and price. Explored is an opportunity for a new use for excess refinery normal butane- as a fuel for utility peaking gas turbines which currently fire kerosene and #2 oil. Our paper...
Pavone, A.; Schreiber, H.; Zwillenberg, M.
The Boson Peak and Disorder in Hard Sphere Colloidal Systems
The Boson peak is believed to be the key to the fundamental understanding of the anomalous thermodynamic properties of glasses, notably the anomalous peak in the heat capacity at low temperatures; it is believed to be due to an excess of low frequency vibrational modes and a manifestation of the structural disorder in these systems. We study the thermodynamics and vibrational dynamics of colloidal glasses and (defected) crystals. The experimental determination of the vibrational density of states allows us to directly observe the Boson peak as a strong enhancement of low frequency modes. Using a novel method [Zargar et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 258301 (2013)] to determine the free energy, we also determine the entropy and the specific heat experimentally. It follows that the emergence of the Boson peak and high values of the specific heat are directly related and are specific to the glass: for a very defected crystal with a disorder that is only slightly smaller than for the glass, both the low-frequency density of states and the specific heat are significantly smaller than in the glass.
Rojman Zargar; John Russo; Peter Schall; Hajime Tanaka; Daniel Bonn
acoustic absorption peak: Topics by E-print Network
acoustic absorption peak First Page Previous Page 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Next Page Last Page Topic Index 1 On the variations of acoustic...
Peak Dose Assessment for Proposed DOE-PPPO Authorized Limits
The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) prime contractor, was contracted by the DOE Portsmouth/Paducah Project Office (DOE-PPPO) to conduct a peak dose assessment in support of the Authorized Limits Request for Solid Waste Disposal at Landfill C-746-U at the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant (DOE-PPPO 2011a). The peak doses were calculated based on the DOE-PPPO Proposed Single Radionuclides Soil Guidelines and the DOE-PPPO Proposed Authorized Limits (AL) Volumetric Concentrations available in DOE-PPPO 2011a. This work is provided as an appendix to the Dose Modeling Evaluations and Technical Support Document for the Authorized Limits Request for the C-746-U Landfill at the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant, Paducah, Kentucky (ORISE 2012). The receptors evaluated in ORISE 2012 were selected by the DOE-PPPO for the additional peak dose evaluations. These receptors included a Landfill Worker, Trespasser, Resident Farmer (onsite), Resident Gardener, Recreational User, Outdoor Worker and an Offsite Resident Farmer. The RESRAD (Version 6.5) and RESRAD-OFFSITE (Version 2.5) computer codes were used for the peak dose assessments. Deterministic peak dose assessments were performed for all the receptors and a probabilistic dose assessment was performed only for the Offsite Resident Farmer at the request of the DOE-PPPO. In a deterministic analysis, a single input value results in a single output value. In other words, a deterministic analysis uses single parameter values for every variable in the code. By contrast, a probabilistic approach assigns parameter ranges to certain variables, and the code randomly selects the values for each variable from the parameter range each time it calculates the dose (NRC 2006). The receptor scenarios, computer codes and parameter input files were previously used in ORISE 2012. A few modifications were made to the parameter input files as appropriate for this effort. Some of these changes included increasing the time horizon beyond 1,050 years (yr), and using the radionuclide concentrations provided by the DOE-PPPO as inputs into the codes. The deterministic peak doses were evaluated within time horizons of 70 yr (for the Landfill Worker and Trespasser), 1,050 yr, 10,000 yr and 100,000 yr (for the Resident Farmer [onsite], Resident Gardener, Recreational User, Outdoor Worker and Offsite Resident Farmer) at the request of the DOE-PPPO. The time horizons of 10,000 yr and 100,000 yr were used at the request of the DOE-PPPO for informational purposes only. The probabilistic peak of the mean dose assessment was performed for the Offsite Resident Farmer using Technetium-99 (Tc-99) and a time horizon of 1,050 yr. The results of the deterministic analyses indicate that among all receptors and time horizons evaluated, the highest projected dose, 2,700 mrem/yr, occurred for the Resident Farmer (onsite) at 12,773 yr. The exposure pathways contributing to the peak dose are ingestion of plants, external gamma, and ingestion of milk, meat and soil. However, this receptor is considered an implausible receptor. The only receptors considered plausible are the Landfill Worker, Recreational User, Outdoor Worker and the Offsite Resident Farmer. The maximum projected dose among the plausible receptors is 220 mrem/yr for the Outdoor Worker and it occurs at 19,045 yr. The exposure pathways contributing to the dose for this receptor are external gamma and soil ingestion. The results of the probabilistic peak of the mean dose analysis for the Offsite Resident Farmer indicate that the average (arithmetic mean) of the peak of the mean doses for this receptor is 0.98 mrem/yr and it occurs at 1,050 yr. This dose corresponds to Tc-99 within the time horizon of 1,050 yr.
Maldonado, Delis [Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Independent Environmental Assessment and Verification Program
Off-Campus Activities Policy Governance Policy
from: 19 August 2009 1 Purpose Victoria University of Wellington recognises that it has statutoryOff-Campus Activities Policy Governance Policy © Victoria University of Wellington Page 1 Effective their supervisor(s). #12;Off-Campus Activities Policy Governance Policy © Victoria University of Wellington Page 2
Frean, Marcus
Peak demand reduction from pre-cooling with zone temperature reset in an office building
The objective of this study was to demonstrate the potential for reducing peak-period electrical demand in moderate-weight commercial buildings by modifying the control of the HVAC system. An 80,000 ft{sup 2} office building with a medium-weight building structure and high window-to-wall ratio was used for a case study in which zone temperature set-points were adjusted prior to and during occupancy. HVAC performance data and zone temperatures were recorded using the building control system. Additional operative temperature sensors for selected zones and power meters for the chillers and the AHU fans were installed for the study. An energy performance baseline was constructed from data collected during normal operation. Two strategies for demand shifting using the building thermal mass were then programmed in the control system and implemented progressively over a period of one month. It was found that a simple demand limiting strategy performed well in this building. This strategy involved maintaining zone temperatures at the lower end of the comfort region during the occupied period up until 2 pm. Starting at 2 pm, the zone temperatures were allowed to float to the high end of the comfort region. With this strategy, the chiller power was reduced by 80-100% (1-2.3 W/ft{sup 2}) during normal peak hours from 2-5 pm, without causing any thermal comfort complaints. The effects on the demand from 2-5 pm of the inclusion of pre-cooling prior to occupancy are unclear.
Xu, Peng; Haves, Philip; Piette, Mary Ann; Braun, James
Peak Demand Reduction from Pre-Cooling with Zone Temperature Reset in an Office Building
Deconvolution of mixed gamma emitters using peak parameters
When evaluating samples containing mixtures of nuclides using gamma spectroscopy the situation sometimes arises where the nuclides present have photon emissions that cannot be resolved by the detector. An example of this is mixtures of {sup 241}Am and plutonium that have L x-ray emissions with slightly different energies which cannot be resolved using a high-purity germanium detector. It is possible to deconvolute the americium L x-rays from those plutonium based on the {sup 241}Am 59.54 keV photon. However, this requires accurate knowledge of the relative emission yields. Also, it often results in high uncertainties in the plutonium activity estimate due to the americium yields being approximately an order of magnitude greater than those for plutonium. In this work, an alternative method of determining the relative fraction of plutonium in mixtures of {sup 241}Am and {sup 239}Pu based on L x-ray peak location and shape parameters is investigated. The sensitivity and accuracy of the peak parameter method is compared to that for conventional peak decovolution.
Gadd, Milan S [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Garcia, Francisco [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Magadalena, Vigil M [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Beam steering via peak power decay in nonlinear waveguide arrays
We report the experimental observation and theoretical analysis of a novel beam-steering effect in periodic waveguide arrays that arises from the interplay between discrete diffraction, Kerr nonlinearity and any mechanism ...
Droulias, Sotiris
Multi-Period Production Capacity Planning for Integrated Product and Production System Design*
Multi-Period Production Capacity Planning for Integrated Product and Production System Design* Emre.ac.uk firstname.lastname@example.com .Abstract � This paper presents a simulation-based method to aid multi-period production capacity planning by quantifying the trade-off between product quality and production cost. The product
Saitou, Kazuhiro "Kazu"
Off-shell two loop QCD vertices
We calculate the triple gluon, ghost-gluon and quark-gluon vertex functions at two loops in the MSbar scheme in the chiral limit for an arbitrary linear covariant gauge when the external legs are all off-shell.
J. A. Gracey
Flexible Coal: Evolution from Baseload to Peaking Plant (Brochure)
Twenty-first century power systems, with higher penetration levels of low-carbon energy, smart grids, and other emerging technologies, will favor resources that have low marginal costs and provide system flexibility (e.g., the ability to cycle on and off to follow changes in variable renewable energy plant output). Questions remain about both the fate of coal plants in this scenario and whether they can cost-effectively continue to operate if they cycle routinely. The experience from the CGS plant demonstrates that coal plants can become flexible resources. This flexibility - namely the ability to cycle on and off and run at lower output (below 40% of capacity) - requires limited hardware modifications but extensive modifications to operational practice. Cycling does damage the plant and impact its life expectancy compared to baseload operations. Nevertheless, strategic modifications, proactive inspections and training programs, among other operational changes to accommodate cycling, can minimize the extent of damage and optimize the cost of maintenance. CGS's cycling, but not necessarily the associated price tag, is replicable. Context - namely, power market opportunities and composition of the generation fleet - will help determine for other coal plants the optimal balance between the level of cycling-related forced outages and the level of capital investment required to minimize those outages. Replicating CGS's experience elsewhere will likely require a higher acceptance of forced outages than regulators and plant operators are accustomed to; however, an increase in strategic maintenance can minimize the impact on outage rates.
Cochran, J.; Lew, D.; Kumar, N.
An analysis of peak traffic demand at signalized urban intersections
. Thus, . the ratio of the duration of a given phase to the total cycle length is equal to the demand on the given phase divided by the demand on all phases. This has been referred to as the G/C th d, d pl l 't ppl' t' - d h d th H~ih ~Ct M 1 )3... be rejected or expanded to accommodate the higher rates of flow which exist over shorter intervals within the peak hour. 6600 550 VOLUME ? (3 LANES) Z W c( ) ) 0 LU z 6000 5558 8 5400 0 4800 O 4200 4I 500 0 450 400 TOTAL HOURLY VOLUME ? 5558...
Drew, Donald R
Transverse Polarization for Energy Calibration at the Z peak
In this paper we deal with aspects of transverse polarization for the purpose of energy calibration of proposed circular colliders like the FCC-ee and the CEPC. The main issues of such a measurement will be discussed. The possibility of using this method to accurately determine the energy at the WW threshold as well as the Z peak will be addressed. The use of wigglers for reducing long polarization times will be discussed and a possible strategy will be presented for minimising the energy uncertainty error in these large machines.
Koratzinos, M
Silver Peak Innovative Exploration Project Geothermal Project | Open Energy
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia:FAQ < RAPID Jump to:Seadov Pty Ltd Jump to: navigation,Pvt LtdShrub Oak, NewSilicium deSilver Peak Area)
Desert Peak II Geothermal Facility | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 No revision has beenFfe2fb55-352f-473b-a2dd-50ae8b27f0a6 No revision has beenFinancialSilver Peak
Methods and apparatus for reducing peak wind turbine loads
A method for reducing peak loads of wind turbines in a changing wind environment includes measuring or estimating an instantaneous wind speed and direction at the wind turbine and determining a yaw error of the wind turbine relative to the measured instantaneous wind direction. The method further includes comparing the yaw error to a yaw error trigger that has different values at different wind speeds and shutting down the wind turbine when the yaw error exceeds the yaw error trigger corresponding to the measured or estimated instantaneous wind speed.
Moroz, Emilian Mieczyslaw
The Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) has completed a series of tests (Phases 1 and 2) to assess the potential use of a Mylar{reg_sign} tear-off system as a primary or secondary protective barrier to minimize acid etching ('frosting'), accidental scratching, and/or radiation damage for shielded cells, glovebox, and/or chemical hood windows. Conceptually, thin, multi-layered sheets of Mylar (referred to throughout this report as the ProTec{trademark} tear-off system) can be directly applied to the shielded cell, glovebox, or hood sash window to serve as a secondary (or primary) barrier. Upon degradation of visual clarity due to accidental scratching, spills/splatters, and/or radiation damage, the outer layer (or sheet) of Mylar could be removed refreshing or restoring the view. Due to the multilayer aspect, the remaining Mylar layers would provide continued protection for the window from potential reoccurrences. Although the concept of using a tear-off system as a protective barrier is conceptually enticing, potential technical issues were identified and addressed as part of this phased study to support implementation of this type of system in the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF). Specific test conditions of interest to the DWPF included the performance of the tear-off system exposed to or under the following conditions: (1) acid(s) (concentrated (28.9 M) HF, concentrated (15.9M) HNO{sub 3}, 6M HCl, and 0.6M H{sub 3}BO{sub 3}); (2) base (based on handling of radioactive sludges with pH of {approx}12-13); (3) gamma radiation (due to radioactive sources or materials being used in the analytical cells); (4) scratch resistance (simulating accidental scratching with the manipulators); and (5) in-situ testing (sample coupons exposed to actual field conditions in DWPF). The results of the Phase 1 study indicated that the ProTec tear-off concept (as a primary or secondary protective barrier) is a potential technical solution to prevent or retard excessive damage that would result from acid etching, base damage (as a result of a sludge spill or splatter), gamma radiation damage, and/or accidental scratching (due to manipulator/tool contact). Although identified as a potential solution, the Phase 1 testing was relatively short-term with exposure times up to 1-2 months for the acid and gamma radiation tests. Phase 2 testing included longer exposure times for the acid resistance (up to 456 days) and gamma radiation exposure (700 days with a cumulative gamma dose of {approx}3.1 x 10{sup 5} rad) assessments. The tear-off system continued to perform well in these longer-term acid resistance testing and gamma exposure conditions. Complete removal of the tear-offs after these long-term exposure times indicate that not only could visual clarity be restored but the mechanical integrity could be retained. The results also provided insight into the ability of the ProTec tear-off system to withstand the chemical and physical abuses expected in off-normal shielded cells operations. The conceptual erasing of scratches or marks by excessive manipulator abuse was demonstrated in the SRNL Shielded Cells mock-up facility through the removal of the outer layer tear-off with manipulators. In addition, the Phase 2 testing included an in-situ assessment of a prototype tear-off system in the DWPF Sampling Cells where the system was exposed to actual field conditions including radioactive sources, acidic and basic environments, dusting, and chemical cleaning solutions over a 5-6 month period. DWPF personnel were extremely satisfied with the performance (including the successful removal of 3 layers with manipulators) of the ProTec tear-off system under actual field conditions. The successful removal of the outer layer tear-offs with the manipulator, using tabs not specifically designed for remote operations, demonstrates that the system is 'manipulator-friendly' and could be implemented in a remote environment. The ability to remove the outer layer tear-off not only regains visual clarity but also reduces waste disposal volumes (i.e., dispo
Peeler, D
Hipparcos calibration of the peak brightness of four SNe Ia and the value of Ho
Hipparcos geometrical parallaxes allowed us to calibrate the Cepheid Period-Luminosity relation and to compute the true distance moduli of 17 galaxies. Among these 17 galaxies, we selected those which generated type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia). We found NGC 5253, parent galaxy of 1895B and 1972E, IC 4182 and NGC 4536 parents of 1937C and 1981B, respectively. We used the available B-band photometry to determine the peak brightness of these four SNe Ia. We obtained = -19.65 \\pm 0.09. Then, we built a sample of 57 SNe Ia in order to plot the Hubble diagram and determine its zero-point. Our result (ZP_{B} = -3.16 \\pm 0.10) is in agreement with other determinations and allows us to derive the following Hubble constant : Ho = 50 \\pm 3 (internal) km.s^-1.Mpc^-1.
P. Lanoix
Off-Highway Heavy Vehicle Diesel Efficiency Improvement and Emissions...
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
Off-Highway Heavy Vehicle Diesel Efficiency Improvement and Emissions Reduction Off-Highway Heavy Vehicle Diesel Efficiency Improvement and Emissions Reduction 2005 Diesel Engine...
Emissions Reduction Experience with Johnson Matthey EGRT on Off...
Reduction Experience with Johnson Matthey EGRT on Off-Road Equipment Emissions Reduction Experience with Johnson Matthey EGRT on Off-Road Equipment Poster presentation at the 2007...
High Performance Home Cost Performance Trade-Offs: Production...
High Performance Home Cost Performance Trade-Offs: Production Builders - Building America Top Innovation High Performance Home Cost Performance Trade-Offs: Production Builders -...
High efficiency and low roll-off blue phosphorescent organic...
efficiency and low roll-off blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices using mixed host architecture. High efficiency and low roll-off blue phosphorescent organic...
Periodic photometric variability of the brown dwarf Kelu-1
We have detected a strong periodicity of 1.80+/-0.05 hours in photometric observations of the brown dwarf Kelu-1. The peak-to-peak amplitude of the variation is ~1.1% (11.9+/-0.8 mmag) in a 41nm wide filter centred on 857nm and including the dust/temperature sensitive TiO & CrH bands. We have identified two plausible causes of variability: surface features rotating into- and out-of-view and so modulating the light curve at the rotation period; or, elliposidal variability caused by an orbiting companion. In the first scenario, we combine the observed vsin(i) of Kelu-1 and standard model radius to determine that the axis of rotation is inclined at 65+/-12 degrees to the line of sight.
F. J. Clarke; C. G. Tinney; K. R. Covey
Mean and peak wind load reduction on heliostats
This report presents the results of wind-tunnel tests supported through the Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI) by the Office of Solar Thermal Technology of the US Department of Energy as part of the SERI research effort on innovative concentrators. As gravity loads on drive mechanisms are reduced through stretched-membrane technology, the wind-load contribution of the required drive capacity increases in percentage. Reduction of wind loads can provide economy in support structure and heliostat drive. Wind-tunnel tests have been directed at finding methods to reduce wind loads on heliostats. The tests investigated both mean and peak forces, and moments. A significant increase in ability to predict heliostat wind loads and their reduction within a heliostat field was achieved. In addition, a preliminary review of wind loads on parabolic dish collectors was conducted, resulting in a recommended research program for these type collectors. 42 refs., 38 figs., 1 tab.
Peterka, J.A.; Tan, L.; Bienkiewcz, B.; Cermak, J.E.
Implications of "peak oil" for atmospheric CO2 and climate
Peaking of global oil production may have a large effect on future atmospheric CO2 amount and climate change, depending upon choices made for subsequent energy sources. We suggest that, if estimates of oil and gas reserves by the Energy Information Administration are realistic, it is feasible to keep atmospheric CO2 from exceeding approximately 450 ppm, provided that future exploitation of the huge reservoirs of coal and unconventional fossil fuels incorporates carbon capture and sequestration. Existing coal-fired power plants, without sequestration, must be phased out before mid-century to achieve this limit on atmospheric CO2. We also suggest that it is important to "stretch" oil reserves via energy efficiency, thus avoiding the need to extract liquid fuels from coal or unconventional fossil fuels. We argue that a rising price on carbon emissions is probably needed to keep CO2 beneath the 450 ppm ceiling.
Kharecha, P A
High peak power test of S-band waveguide switches
The injector and source of particles for the Advanced Photon Source (APS) is a 2856-MHz S-band electron-positron linear accelerator (linac) which produces electrons with energies up to 650 MeV or positrons with energies up to 450 MeV. To improve the linac rf system availability, an additional modulator-klystron subsystem is being constructed to provide a switchable hot spare unit for each of the five existing S-band transmitters. The switching of the transmitters will require the use of SF6-pressurized waveguide switches at a peak operating power of 35 MW. A test stand was set up at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) Klystron-Microwave laboratory to conduct tests characterizing the power handling capability of these waveguide switches. Test results are presented.
Nassiri, A.; Grelick, A.; Kustom, R.L.; White, M.
Gravitational Waves from Periodic Three-Body Systems
Three bodies moving in a periodic orbit under the influence of Newtonian gravity ought to emit gravitational waves. We have calculated the gravitational radiation quadrupolar waveforms and the corresponding luminosities for the 13+11 recently discovered three-body periodic orbits in Newtonian gravity. These waves clearly allow one to distinguish between their sources: all 13+11 orbits have different waveforms and their luminosities (evaluated at the same orbit energy and body mass) vary by up to 13 orders of magnitude in the mean, and up to 20 orders of magnitude for the peak values.
Dmitra�inovi?, V; Hudomal, Ana
Daily air pollution effects on children's respiratory symptoms and peak expiratory flow
To identify acute respiratory health effects associated with air pollution due to coal combustion, a subgroup of elementary school-aged children was selected from a large cross-sectional study and followed daily for eight months. Children were selected to obtain three equal-sized groups: one without respiratory symptoms, one with symptoms of persistent wheeze, and one with cough or phlegm production but without persistent wheeze. Parents completed a daily diary of symptoms from which illness constellations of upper respiratory illness (URI) and lower respiratory illness (LRI) and the symptom of wheeze were derived. Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) was measured daily for nine consecutive weeks during the eight-month study period. Maximum hourly concentrations of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and coefficient of haze for each 24-hour period, as well as minimum hourly temperature, were correlated with daily URI, LRI, wheeze, and PEFR using multiple regression models adjusting for illness occurrence or level of PEFR on the immediately preceding day. Respiratory illness on the preceding day was the most important predictor of current illness. A drop in temperature was associated with increased URI and LRI but not with increased wheeze or with a decrease in level of PEFR. No air pollutant was strongly associated with respiratory illness or with level of PEFR, either in the group of children as a whole, or in either of the symptomatic subgroups; the pollutant concentrations observed, however, were uniformly lower than current ambient air quality standards.
Vedal, S.; Schenker, M.B.; Munoz, A.; Samet, J.M.; Batterman, S.; Speizer, F.E.
Off Earth Mining Forum 19-21 February 2013
1 Off Earth Mining Forum 19-21 February 2013 www.acser.unsw.edu.au/oemf Never Stand Still Faculty of Engineering Australian Centre for Space Engineering Research (ACSER) #12;Off Earth Mining Forum, UNSW, Sydney Australia's place in space. Off Earth Mining Forum Sponsors Off Earth Mining Forum The prospect of people
Sekercioglu, Y. Ahmet
Actinide destruction and power peaking analysis in a 1000 MWt advanced burner reactor using moderated heterogeneous target assemblies
The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of moderated heterogeneous subassemblies located in the core of a sodium-cooled fast reactor on minor actinide (MA) destruction rates over the lifecycle of the core. Additionally, particular emphasis was placed on the power peaking of the pins and the assemblies with the moderated targets as compared to standard unmoderated heterogeneous targets and a core without MA targets present. Power peaking analysis was performed on the target assemblies and on the fuel assemblies adjacent to the targets. The moderated subassemblies had a marked improvement in the overall destruction of heavy metals in the targets. The design with acceptable power peaking results had a 12.25% greater destruction of heavy metals than a similar ex-core unmoderated assembly. The increase in minor actinide destruction was most evident with americium where the moderated assemblies reduced the initial amount to less than 3% of the initial loading over a period of five years core residency. In order to take advantage of the high minor actinide destruction and minimize the power peaking effects, a hybrid scenario was devised where the targets resided ex-core in a moderated assembly for the first 506.9 effective full power days (EFPDs) and were moved to an in-core arrangement with the moderated targets removed for the remainder of the lifecycle. The hybrid model had an assembly and pin power peaking of less than 2.0 and a higher heavy metal and minor actinide destruction rate than the standard unmoderated heterogeneous targets either in-core or ex-core. The hybrid model has a 54.5% greater Am reduction over the standard ex-core model. It also had a 27.8% greater production of Cm and a 41.5% greater production of Pu than the standard ex-core model. The radiotoxicity of the targets in the hybrid design was 20% less than the discharged standard ex-core targets.
Kenneth Allen; Travis Knight; Samuel Bays
Comprehensive off-line, two-dimensional liquid chromotography. Application to the separation of peptide digest
The separation of the peptide digests of myoglobin and bovine serum albumin was performed with an off-line combination of two commercial, conventional HPLC columns. The first column was packed with a strong ion exchanger and eluted with a KCl gradient. The second column was packed with particles of C{sub 18}-bonded silica and eluted with an acetonitrile gradient. The conditional peak capacities of the 2D separations achieved exceed 7000 under the experimental conditions investigated. This performance is achieved at the cost of an analysis time of the order of 28 hours. Possible improvements to the separation method described here are discussed.
Marchetti, Nicola [University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK); Guiochon, Georges A [ORNL
GOVERNMENT OF CANADA INVESTMENT PAYS OFF AS SFU RESEARCH COMES OF AGE November 2013 of Canada allow us to provide the tools and support researchers need to stay at the cutting edge and transformative outputs that stimulate Canada's innovation ecosystem. As SFU nears its 50th anniversary in 2015
Standby and Off-Mode Energy Losses
1 Standby and Off-Mode Energy Losses In New Appliances Measured in Shops #12;ISBN: 978 with the University of Coimbra. Its research interests include energyefficient technologies, renewable energies, and energy planning. Recent work includes the coordination of several European projects on market
CRADA CHECKLIST For Your Convenience, check off
CRADA CHECKLIST For Your Convenience, check off: CRADA Clearance form fill in everything (except CRADA #); put "N/A" or "0" when box is not applicable make sure that the person-year box totals match, disease states, etc. must be listed if they are to be considered part of the CRADA research (you cannot
Baker, Chris I.
Impacts of Climate Change on Energy Consumption and Peak Demand in Buildings: A Detailed Regional Approach
This paper presents the results of numerous commercial and residential building simulations, with the purpose of examining the impact of climate change on peak and annual building energy consumption over the portion of the Eastern Interconnection (EIC) located in the United States. The climate change scenario considered (IPCC A2 scenario as downscaled from the CASCaDE data set) has changes in mean climate characteristics as well as changes in the frequency and duration of intense weather events. This investigation examines building energy demand for three annual periods representative of climate trends in the CASCaDE data set at the beginning, middle, and end of the century--2004, 2052, and 2089. Simulations were performed using the Building ENergy Demand (BEND) model which is a detailed simulation platform built around EnergyPlus. BEND was developed in collaboration with the Platform for Regional Integrated Modeling and Analysis (PRIMA), a modeling framework designed to simulate the complex interactions among climate, energy, water, and land at decision-relevant spatial scales. Over 26,000 building configurations of different types, sizes, vintages, and, characteristics which represent the population of buildings within the EIC, are modeled across the 3 EIC time zones using the future climate from 100 locations within the target region, resulting in nearly 180,000 spatially relevant simulated demand profiles for each of the 3 years. In this study, the building stock characteristics are held constant based on the 2005 building stock in order to isolate and present results that highlight the impact of the climate signal on commercial and residential energy demand. Results of this analysis compare well with other analyses at their finest level of specificity. This approach, however, provides a heretofore unprecedented level of specificity across multiple spectrums including spatial, temporal, and building characteristics. This capability enables the ability to perform detailed hourly impact studies of building adaptation and mitigation strategies on energy use and electricity peak demand within the context of the entire grid and economy.
Dirks, James A.; Gorrissen, Willy J.; Hathaway, John E.; Skorski, Daniel C.; Scott, Michael J.; Pulsipher, Trenton C.; Huang, Maoyi; Liu, Ying; Rice, Jennie S.
Signal Peak-Tracker based on the Teager-Kaiser Energy (TKE) Operator
Described is a modification of the TKE operator from its usual `energy form'. The resulting `peak-tracker' (or peak-detector) is especially useful in studies that involve the frequency domain.
Randall D. Peters
LBNL-49947 THE ROLE OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES IN REDUCING AND CONTROLLING PEAK ELECTRICITY DEMAND? ..................................... 8 What are the seasonal aspects of electric peak demand?............................ 9 What because of the California electricity crisis (Borenstein 2001). Uncertainties surrounding the reliability
Nuclear Hydrogen for Peak Electricity Production and Spinning Reserve
Nuclear energy can be used to produce hydrogen. The key strategic question is this: ''What are the early markets for nuclear hydrogen?'' The answer determines (1) whether there are incentives to implement nuclear hydrogen technology today or whether the development of such a technology could be delayed by decades until a hydrogen economy has evolved, (2) the industrial partners required to develop such a technology, and (3) the technological requirements for the hydrogen production system (rate of production, steady-state or variable production, hydrogen purity, etc.). Understanding ''early'' markets for any new product is difficult because the customer may not even recognize that the product could exist. This study is an initial examination of how nuclear hydrogen could be used in two interconnected early markets: the production of electricity for peak and intermediate electrical loads and spinning reserve for the electrical grid. The study is intended to provide an initial description that can then be used to consult with potential customers (utilities, the Electric Power Research Institute, etc.) to better determine the potential real-world viability of this early market for nuclear hydrogen and provide the starting point for a more definitive assessment of the concept. If this set of applications is economically viable, it offers several unique advantages: (1) the market is approximately equivalent in size to the existing nuclear electric enterprise in the United States, (2) the entire market is within the utility industry and does not require development of an external market for hydrogen or a significant hydrogen infrastructure beyond the utility site, (3) the technology and scale match those of nuclear hydrogen production, (4) the market exists today, and (5) the market is sufficient in size to justify development of nuclear hydrogen production techniques independent of the development of any other market for hydrogen. These characteristics make it an ideal early market for nuclear hydrogen.
Forsberg, C.W.
as with most new energy technology, switching to efficientof any �green� energy technology is fully recovered over itspayback period of any energy technology intervention is
On the feasibility and utility of exploiting real time database search to improve adaptive peak selection
On the feasibility and utility of exploiting real time database search to improve adaptive peak and utility of incorporating analysis of previous fragmentation scans into the peak selection protocol. We, the most common peak selection strategy is based upon the notion of an exclusion list, which
Noble, William Stafford
Formation Of The Rare Earth Peak: Gaining Insight Into Late-Time r-Process Dynamics
We study the formation and final structure of the rare earth peak ($A\\sim160$) of the $r$-process nucleosynthesis. The rare earth peak forms at late times in the $r$-process after neutron exhaustion (neutron-to-seed ratio unity or R=1) as matter decays back to stability. Since rare earth peak formation does not occur during \
Matthew Mumpower; Gail McLaughlin; Rebecca Surman
Peak CO2? China's Emissions Trajectories to 2050
As a result of soaring energy demand from a staggering pace of economic growth and the related growth of energy-intensive industry, China overtook the United States to become the world's largest contributor to CO{sub 2} emissions in 2007. At the same time, China has taken serious actions to reduce its energy and carbon intensity by setting both short-term energy intensity reduction goal for 2006 to 2010 as well as long-term carbon intensity reduction goal for 2020. This study focuses on a China Energy Outlook through 2050 that assesses the role of energy efficiency policies in transitioning China to a lower emission trajectory and meeting its intensity reduction goals. In the past years, LBNL has established and significantly enhanced the China End-Use Energy Model based on the diffusion of end-use technologies and other physical drivers of energy demand. This model presents an important new approach for helping understand China's complex and dynamic drivers of energy consumption and implications of energy efficiency policies through scenario analysis. A baseline ('Continued Improvement Scenario') and an alternative energy efficiency scenario ('Accelerated Improvement Scenario') have been developed to assess the impact of actions already taken by the Chinese government as well as planned and potential actions, and to evaluate the potential for China to control energy demand growth and mitigate emissions. It is a common belief that China's CO{sub 2} emissions will continue to grow throughout this century and will dominate global emissions. The findings from this research suggest that this will not likely be the case because of saturation effects in appliances, residential and commercial floor area, roadways, railways, fertilizer use, and urbanization will peak around 2030 with slowing population growth. The baseline and alternative scenarios also demonstrate that the 2020 goals can be met and underscore the significant role that policy-driven energy efficiency improvements will play in carbon mitigation along with a decarbonized power supply through greater renewable and non-fossil fuel generation.
Zhou, Nan; Fridley, David G.; McNeil, Michael; Zheng, Nina; Ke, Jing; Levine, Mark
Back-Up/ Peak Shaving Fuel Cell System
This Final Report covers the work executed by Plug Power from 8/11/03 � 10/31/07 statement of work for Topic 2: advancing the state of the art of fuel cell technology with the development of a new generation of commercially viable, stationary, Back-up/Peak-Shaving fuel cell systems, the GenCore II. The Program cost was $7.2 M with the Department of Energy share being $3.6M and Plug Power�s share being $3.6 M. The Program started in August of 2003 and was scheduled to end in January of 2006. The actual program end date was October of 2007. A no cost extension was grated. The Department of Energy barriers addressed as part of this program are: Technical Barriers for Distributed Generation Systems: o Durability o Power Electronics o Start up time Technical Barriers for Fuel Cell Components: o Stack Material and Manufacturing Cost o Durability o Thermal and water management Background The next generation GenCore backup fuel cell system to be designed, developed and tested by Plug Power under the program is the first, mass-manufacturable design implementation of Plug Power�s GenCore architected platform targeted for battery and small generator replacement applications in the telecommunications, broadband and UPS markets. The next generation GenCore will be a standalone, H2 in-DC-out system. In designing the next generation GenCore specifically for the telecommunications market, Plug Power is teaming with BellSouth Telecommunications, Inc., a leading industry end user. The final next generation GenCore system is expected to represent a market-entry, mass-manufacturable and economically viable design. The technology will incorporate: � A cost-reduced, polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack tailored to hydrogen fuel use � An advanced electrical energy storage system � A modular, scalable power conditioning system tailored to market requirements � A scaled-down, cost-reduced balance of plant (BOP) � Network Equipment Building Standards (NEBS), UL and CE certifications.
Staudt, Rhonda L.
The internal tide off Panama City, Florida
The R/V ANTILLA. 16 The R/V SEICHE 16 Station plan for internal wave survey of 19- 22 June 1962 18 Frautschy bottles in open (cocked) and closed (tripped) positions . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Depth contours off Panama City, Florida. Area... investigated is outlined by the heavy lines. . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 10. Bottom profile from shore to Stage I. . The oceanic block studied 28 29 12. 13. Comparison of surface tide to isotherm fluc- tuations. E...
Boston, Noel Edward James
Deeply virtual Compton scattering off nuclei
Deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) is the golden exclusive channel for the study of the partonic structure of hadrons, within the universal framework of generalized parton distributions (GPDs). This paper presents the aim and general ideas of the DVCS experimental program off nuclei at the Jefferson Laboratory. The benefits of the study of the coherent and incoherent channels to the understanding of the EMC (European Muon Collaboration) effect are discussed, along with the case of nuclear targets to access neutron GPDs.
Voutier, Eric
Use of Residential Smart Appliances for Peak-Load Shifting and Spinning Reserves Cost/Benefit Analysis
In this report, we present the results of an analytical cost/benefit study of residential smart appliances from a utility/grid perspective in support of a joint stakeholder petition to the ENERGY STAR program within the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Department of Energy (DOE). The goal of the petition is in part to provide appliance manufacturers incentives to hasten the production of smart appliances. The underlying hypothesis is that smart appliances can play a critical role in addressing some of the societal challenges, such as anthropogenic global warming, associated with increased electricity demand, and facilitate increased penetration of renewable sources of power. The appliances we consider include refrigerator/freezers, clothes washers, clothes dryers, room air-conditioners, and dishwashers. The petition requests the recognition that providing an appliance with smart grid capability, i.e., products that meet the definition of a smart appliance, is at least equivalent to a corresponding five percent in operational machine efficiencies. It is then expected that given sufficient incentives and value propositions, and suitable automation capabilities built into smart appliances, residential consumers will be adopting these smart appliances and will be willing participants in addressing the aforementioned societal challenges by more effectively managing their home electricity consumption. The analytical model we utilize in our cost/benefit analysis consists of a set of user-definable assumptions such as the definition of on-peak (hours of day, days of week, months of year), the expected percentage of normal consumer electricity consumption (also referred to as appliance loads) that can shifted from peak hours to off-peak hours, the average power rating of each appliance, etc. Based on these assumptions, we then formulate what the wholesale grid operating-cost savings, or benefits, would be if the smart capabilities of appliances were invoked, and some percentage of appliance loads were shifted away from peak hours to run during off-peak hours, and appliance loads served power-system balancing needs such as spinning reserves that would otherwise have to be provided by generators. The rationale is that appliance loads can be curtailed for about ten minutes or less in response to a grid contingency without any diminution in the quality of service to the consumer. We then estimate the wholesale grid operating-cost savings based on historical wholesale-market clearing prices (location marginal and spinning reserve) from major wholesale power markets in the United States. The savings derived from the smart grid capabilities of an appliance are then compared to the savings derived from a five percent increase in traditional operational machine efficiencies, referred to as cost in this report, to determine whether the savings in grid operating costs (benefits) are at least as high as or higher than the operational machine efficiency credit (cost).
Sastry, Chellury; Pratt, Robert G.; Srivastava, Viraj; Li, Shun
Double-peaked thermonuclear bursts at the soft-hard state transition in the Rapid Burster
Long suspected to be due to unstable accretion events, the type II bursts exhibited by the Rapid Burster (RB, or MXB 1730-335) still lack an exhaustive explanation. Apart from type II bursts, the transient RB also shows the better-understood thermonuclear shell flashes known as type I bursts. In search of links between these two phenomena, we carried out a comprehensive analysis of all $\\textit{Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer}$ observations of the RB and found six atypical type I bursts, featuring a double-peaked profile that is not due to photospheric radius expansion. The bursts appear in a phase of the outburst decay close to the onset of the type II bursts, when the source also switches from the high/soft to the low/hard state. We also report the discovery of a simultaneous low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillation present in the persistent emission as well as in the burst decaying emission. We discuss several scenarios to understand the nature of the peculiar bursts and of the accompanying oscillation, as wel...
Bagnoli, T; Patruno, A; Watts, A L
EIS No. 20100312 EIS Comanche Peak Nuclear Power Plant Units 3 and 4
In accordance with Section 309(a) of the Clean Air Act, EPA is required to make its comments on EISs issued by other Federal agencies public. Historically, EPA has met this mandate by publishing weekly notices of availability of EPA comments, which includes a brief summary of EPA's comment letters, in the Federal Register. Since February 2008, EPA has been including its comment letters on EISs on its Web site at: http://www.epa.gov/compliance/nepa/eisdata.html. Including the entire EIS comment letters on the Web site satisfies the Section 309(a) requirement to make EPA's comments on EISs available to the public. Accordingly, on March 31, 2010, EPA discontinued the publication of the notice of availability of EPA comments in the Federal Register. EIS No. 20100312, Draft EIS, NRC, TX, Comanche Peak Nuclear Power Plant Units 3 and 4, Application for Combined Licenses (COLs) for Construction Permits and Operating Licenses, (NUREG-1943), Hood and Somervell Counties, TX, Comment Period Ends: 10/26/2010.
Bjornstad, David J [ORNL
X-ray Spectral Survey of WGACAT Quasars, II: Optical and Radio Properties of Quasars with Low Energy X-ray Cut-offs
We have selected quasars with X-ray colors suggestive of a low energy cut-off, from the ROSAT PSPC pointed archive. We examine the radio and optical properties of these 13 quasars. Five out of the seven quasars with good optical spectra show associated optical absorption lines, with two having high delta-v candidate systems. Two other cut-off quasars show reddening associated with the quasar. We conclude that absorption is highly likely to be the cause of the X-ray cut-offs, and that the absorbing material associated with the quasars, not intervening along the line-of-sight. The suggestion that Gigahertz Peaked Sources are associated with X-ray cut-offs remains unclear with this expanded sample.
Martin Elvis; Fabrizio Fiore; Paolo Giommi; Paolo Padovani
Wind Course in Utah Takes Off | Department of Energy
Wind Course in Utah Takes Off Wind Course in Utah Takes Off April 15, 2010 - 6:19pm Addthis Two women inspired by a school assignment that blossomed into a 200-megawatt wind farm...
Catalysis Working Group Kick-Off Meeting Agenda | Department...
Kick-Off Meeting Agenda Agenda for the kick-off meeting of the U.S. Department of Energy Fuel Cell Technologies Program's Catalysis Working Group, held May 14, 2012, in Arlington,...
The apparent discontinuity in the periodicity of the GeV emission from LS I +61{\\deg}303
The gamma-ray binary LS I +61{\\deg}303 shows a discontinuity of the periodicity in its GeV emission. In this paper, we show that during the epochs when the timing analysis fails to determine the orbital periodicity, the periodicity is in fact present in the two orbital phase intervals $\\Phi = 0.0-0.5$ and $\\Phi = 0.5-1.0$. That is, there are two periodic signals, one towards periastron (i.e., $\\Phi = 0.0-0.5$) and another one towards apastron ($\\Phi = 0.5-1.0$). The apastron peak shows the same orbital shift as the radio outburst and, in addition, reveals the same two periods $P_1$ and $P_2$ that are present in the radio data. The gamma-ray emission of the apastron peak normally just broadens the emission of the peak around periastron. Only when it appears at $\\Phi = 0.8-1.0$, because of the orbital shift, it is detached enough from the first peak to become recognizable as a second orbital peak, which is the reason why the timing analysis fails. Two gamma-ray peaks along the orbit are predicted by the two-pea...
Jaron, Frederic
`Green Christmas' Advice There are lots of ways to stay 'green' over the festive period so let's not make our buildings work hard
`Green Christmas' Advice There are lots of ways to stay 'green' over the festive period so let's not make our buildings work hard when we're off on holiday! Read these simple tips to find out how. Make that are needed are turned on, and that these are turned off again as you leave the building. Don't leave any non
Wirosoetisno, Djoko
DDT AND ITS METABOLITES IN THE SEDIMENTS OFF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA JOHN S. MACGREGOR1 ABSTRACT To assess the degree of DDT contamination in the marine sediments off Los Angeles, 103 stations in the Pacific Ocean off southern California were sampled in July and August 1971 for DDT and its metabolites
Code Red 2 kills off Code Red 1
#12;#12;Code Red 2 kills off Code Red 1 Code Red 2 settles into weekly pattern Nimda enters the ecosystem Code Red 2 dies off as programmed CR 1 returns thanks to bad clocks #12;Code Red 2 dies off as programmed Nimda hums along, slowly cleaned up With its predator gone, Code Red 1 comes back, still
Paxson, Vern
Brad Hanson, UC Davis 1 OFF-SITE MOVEMENT OF
2/21/2012 2012 CWSS Brad Hanson, UC Davis 1 OFF-SITE MOVEMENT OF HERBICIDES Brad Hanson UC Davis the potency of the herbicide 2012 Weed School Environmental Fate of Herbicides Off-site movement of herbicides in groundwater 2012 Weed School Environmental Fate of Herbicides Off-site movement of herbicides
Hanson, Brad
Quasi-free photoproduction of eta-mesons off 3He nuclei
Quasi-free photoproduction of $\\eta$-mesons has been measured off nucleons bound in $^3$He nuclei for incident photon energies from the threshold region up to 1.4 GeV. The experiment was performed at the tagged photon facility of the Mainz MAMI accelerator with an almost $4\\pi$ covering electromagnetic calorimeter, combining the TAPS and Crystal Ball detectors. The $\\eta$-mesons were detected in coincidence with the recoil nucleons. This allowed a comparison of the production cross section off quasi-free protons and quasi-free neutrons and a full kinematic reconstruction of the final state, eliminating effects from nuclear Fermi motion. In the $S_{11}$(1535) resonance peak, the data agree with the neutron/proton cross section ratio extracted from measurements with deuteron targets. More importantly, the prominent structure observed in photoproduction off quasi-free neutrons bound in the deuteron is also clearly observed. Its parameters (width, strength) are consistent with the expectations from the deuteron results. On an absolute scale the cross sections for both quasi-free protons and neutrons are suppressed with respect to the deuteron target pointing to significant nuclear final state interaction effects.
L. Witthauer; D. Werthmueller; I. Keshelashvili; P. Aguar-Bartolome; J. Ahrens; J. R. M. Annand; H. J. Arends; K. Bantawa; R. Beck; V. Bekrenev; A. Braghieri; D. Branford; W. J. Briscoe; J. Brudvik; S. Cherepnya; B. Demissie; M. Dieterle; E. J. Downie; P. Drexler; L. V. Fil'kov; A. Fix; D. I. Glazier; D. Hamilton; E. Heid; D. Hornidge; D. Howdle; G. M. Huber; I. Jaegle; O. Jahn; T. C. Jude; A. Kaeser; V. L. Kashevarov; R. Kondratiev; M. Korolija; S. P. Kruglov; B. Krusche; A. Kulbardis; V. Lisin; K. Livingston; I. J. D. MacGregor; Y. Maghrbi; J. Mancell; D. M. Manley; Z. Marinides; M. Martinez; J. C. McGeorge; E. McNicoll; V. Metag; D. G. Middleton; A. Mushkarenkov; B. M. K. Nefkens; A. Nikolaev; R. Novotny; M. Oberle; M. Ostrick; B. Oussena; P. Pedroni; F. Pheron; A. Polonski; S. Prakhov; J. Robinson; G. Rosner; M. Rost; T. Rostomyan; S. Schumann; M. H. Sikora; D. Sober; A. Starostin; I. Supek; M. Thiel; A. Thomas; M. Unverzagt; D. P. Watts
The greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from fuel-based lighting are substantial given the paltry levels of lighting service provided to users, leading to a great opportunity for GHG mitigation byencouraging the switch from fuel-based to rechargeable LED lighting. However, as with most new energy technology, switching to efficient lighting requires an up-front investment of energy(and GHGs) embedded in the manufacture of replacement components. We studied a population of off-grid lighting users in 2008-2009 in Kenya who were given the opportunity to adopt LEDlighting. Based on their use patterns with the LED lights and the levels of kerosene offset we observed, we found that the embodied energy of the LED lamp was"paid for" in only one month for grid charged products and two months for solar charged products. Furthermore, the energyreturn-on investment-ratio (energy produced or offset over the product's service life divided by energy embedded) for off-grid LED lighting ranges from 12 to 24, which is on par with on-gridsolar and large-scale wind energy. We also found that the energy embodied in the manufacture of a typical hurricane lantern is about one-half to one-sixth of that embodied in the particular LEDlights that we evaluated, indicating that the energy payback time would be moderately faster if LEDs ultimately displace the production of kerosene lanterns. As LED products improve, weanticipate longer service lives and more successful displacement of kerosene lighting, both of which will speed the already rapid recovery of embodied energy in these products. Our studyprovides a detailed appendix with embodied energy values for a variety of components used to construct off-grid LED lighting, which can be used to analyze other products.
Alstone, Peter; Mills, Evan; Jacobson, Arne
Off-set stabilizer for comparator output
A stabilized off-set voltage is input as the reference voltage to a comparator. In application to a time-interval meter, the comparator output generates a timing interval which is independent of drift in the initial voltage across the timing capacitor. A precision resistor and operational amplifier charge a capacitor to a voltage which is precisely offset from the initial voltage. The capacitance of the reference capacitor is selected so that substantially no voltage drop is obtained in the reference voltage applied to the comparator during the interval to be measured.
Lunsford, James S. (Los Alamos, NM)
Duality in Off-Shell Electromagnetism
In this paper, we examine the Dirac monopole in the framework of Off-Shell Electromagnetism, the five dimensional U(1) gauge theory associated with Stueckelberg-Schrodinger relativistic quantum theory. After reviewing the Dirac model in four dimensions, we show that the structure of the five dimensional theory prevents a natural generalization of the Dirac monopole, since the theory is not symmetric under duality transformations. It is shown that the duality symmetry can be restored by generalizing the electromagnetic field strength to an element of a Clifford algebra. Nevertheless, the generalized framework does not permit us to recover the phenomenological (or conventional) absence of magnetic monopoles.
Martin Land
Simulation of Off-Grid, Off-Pipe, Single-Family Detached Residences in US Climates
system type (wind, PV or hybrid), the capacity of electricity generating and storage systems were determined to meet/exceed the electricity use for days with inadequate solar radiation and wind. For locations with the potential of solar power...SimBuild 2008 Third National Conference of IBPSA-USA Berkeley, California July 30 ? August 1, 2008 116 SIMULATION OF OFF-GRID, OFF-PIPE, SINGLE-FAMILY DETACHED RESIDENCES IN U.S. CLIMATES Mini Malhotra1, Jeff Haberl2 1Research Assistant...
Malhotra, M.; Haberl, J.
Measuring the rotation period distribution of field M-dwarfs with Kepler
We have analysed 10 months of public data from the Kepler space mission to measure rotation periods of main-sequence stars with masses between 0.3 and 0.55 M_sun. To derive the rotational period we introduce the autocorrelation function and show that it is robust against phase and amplitude modulation and residual instrumental systematics. Of the 2483 stars examined, we detected rotation periods in 1570 (63.2%), representing an increase of a factor ~ 30 in the number of rotation period determination for field M-dwarfs. The periods range from 0.37-69.7 days, with amplitudes ranging from 1.0-140.8 mmags. The rotation period distribution is clearly bimodal, with peaks at ~ 19 and ~ 33 days, hinting at two distinct waves of star formation, a hypothesis that is supported by the fact that slower rotators tend to have larger proper motions. The two peaks of the rotation period distribution form two distinct sequences in period-temperature space, with the period decreasing with increasing temperature, reminiscent of ...
McQuillan, Amy; Mazeh, Tsevi
Integration of neutron time-of-flight single-crystal Bragg peaks in reciprocal space
The intensity of single crystal Bragg peaks obtained by mapping neutron time-of-flight event data into reciprocal space and integrating in various ways are compared. These include spherical integration with a fixed radius, ellipsoid fitting and integrating of the peak intensity and one-dimensional peak profile fitting. In comparison to intensities obtained by integrating in real detector histogram space, the data integrated in reciprocal space results in better agreement factors and more accurate atomic parameters. Furthermore, structure refinement using integrated intensities from one-dimensional profile fitting is demonstrated to be more accurate than simple peak-minus-background integration.
Schultz, Arthur J [ORNL] [ORNL; Joergensen, Mads [ORNL] [ORNL; Wang, Xiaoping [ORNL] [ORNL; Mikkelson, Ruth L [ORNL] [ORNL; Mikkelson, Dennis J [ORNL] [ORNL; Lynch, Vickie E [ORNL] [ORNL; Peterson, Peter F [ORNL] [ORNL; Green, Mark L [ORNL] [ORNL; Hoffmann, Christina [ORNL] [ORNL
E-Print Network 3.0 - artificial extra peaks Sample Search Results
A L . 2004 American Meteorological Society Summary: with theory, extratropical stochastic wind forces a decadal spectral peak in the tropical and eastern boundary... forcing, with...
E-Print Network 3.0 - adduct peak elimination Sample Search Results
in 1,2-eliminations observed for HF loss... peak could be the CF3 + adduct of acrolein ... Source: Morton, Thomas Hellman - Department of Chemistry, University of...
Total and Peak Energy Consumption Minimization of Building HVAC Systems Using Model Predictive Control
combination of the total energy consumption and the peakalso reduces the total energy consumption of the occupancyTotal and Peak Energy Consumption Minimization of Building
Maasoumy, Mehdi; Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Alberto
E-Print Network 3.0 - annihilation coincidence peak Sample Search...
peak is seen at 3375 keV with 6000... . the annihilation spectra from the polyethylene and gold tar- ... Source: Golovchenko, Jene A. - Department of Physics, Harvard...
Observed Temperature Effects on Hourly Residential Electric Load Reduction in Response to an Experimental Critical Peak Pricing Tariff
Critical Peak Pricing Tariff Karen Herter ab* , Patrickunder critical peak pricing tariffs tested in the 2003-2004The 15-month experimental tariff gave customers a discounted
Herter, Karen B.; McAuliffe, Patrick K.; Rosenfeld, Arthur H.
Cooperative accumulation of coherent undulator radiation emitted from periodic electron bunches
Cavity build-up of coherent undulator synchrotron radiation emitted by periodic electron bunches is investigated. At the optimal off-grazing resonance, the bunch slippage relative to the radiation pulse introduces an initial transient period during which radiation accumulates cooperatively as if it is emitted by a single bunch. The power growth during the period is quadratic to the number of bunches. The number of cooperative bunches is {approx}2 Script-Small-L {sub s}{sup 2}, where Script-Small-L {sub s} denotes the slippage length in units of the resonant wavelength.
Seo, Y. H. [Department of Electrophysics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701 (Korea, Republic of)
Taming the off-shell Higgs boson
We study the off-shell Higgs data in the process $pp\\to h^{(*)} \\to Z^{(\\ast)}Z^{(\\ast)}\\to 4\\ell$, to constrain deviations of the Higgs couplings. We point out that this channel can be used to resolve the long- and short-distance contributions to Higgs production by gluon fusion and can thus be complementary to $pp\\to ht\\bar t$ in measuring the top Yukawa coupling. Our analysis, performed in the context of Effective Field Theory, shows that current data do not allow one to draw any model-independent conclusions. We study the prospects at future hadron colliders, including the high-luminosity LHC and accelerators with higher-energy, up to 100 TeV. The available QCD calculations and the theoretical uncertainties affecting our analysis are also briefly discussed.
Aleksandr Azatov; Christophe Grojean; Ayan Paul; Ennio Salvioni
Distributed Battery Control to Improve Peak Power Shaving Efficiency in Data Centers
Rack PDU BackupMain Bus-type power network Utility Diesel Generator ATS PDU Server Rack Server RackDistributed Battery Control to Improve Peak Power Shaving Efficiency in Data Centers Baris Aksanli, Eddie Pettis and Tajana S. Rosing UCSD, Google Stored energy in batteries can be used to cap peak power
Simunic, Tajana
The Houston Pollution Problem: An analysis of the primary and secondary regional pollution peak
266 The Houston Pollution Problem: An analysis of the primary and secondary regional pollution peak was conducted in the Houston area to assess the secondary regional pollution peak that occurs at that time pollution episodes, which correlated with stagnant weather patterns and high temperatures. During spring
Omiecinski, Curtis
Peak production in an oil depletion model with triangular field profiles
Peak production in an oil depletion model with triangular field profiles Dudley Stark School.S.A. would occur between 1965 and 1970. Oil production in the U.S.A. actually peaked in 1970 and has been declining since then. Hubbert used a logistic curve to approximate the rate of oil production. Deffeyes [2
Stark, Dudley
Plasmonic Nature of the Terahertz Conductivity Peak in Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes
Plasmonic Nature of the Terahertz Conductivity Peak in Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Qi Zhang, Erik resonance is expected to occur in metallic and doped semiconducting carbon nanotubes in the terahertz conductivity peak commonly observed for carbon nanotube ensembles remains controversial. Here we present
Kono, Junichiro
Energy Policy 34 (2006) 515531 Have we run out of oil yet? Oil peaking analysis from
price shocks and economic downturns. Over the next 30 years oil demand is expected to grow by 60Energy Policy 34 (2006) 515531 Have we run out of oil yet? Oil peaking analysis from an optimist of conventional oil production from an optimist's perspective. Is the oil peak imminent? What is the range
A Fresh Look at Weather Impact on Peak Electricity Demand and
LBNL-6280E A Fresh Look at Weather Impact on Peak Electricity Demand and Energy Use of Buildings at Weather Impact on Peak Electricity Demand and Energy Use of Buildings Using 30-Year Actual Weather Data Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 2 Green Energy and Environment Research Laboratories, Industrial
Microwave off-gas treatment apparatus and process
The invention discloses a microwave off-gas system in which microwave energy is used to treat gaseous waste. A treatment chamber is used to remediate off-gases from an emission source by passing the off-gases through a susceptor matrix, the matrix being exposed to microwave radiation. The microwave radiation and elevated temperatures within the combustion chamber provide for significant reductions in the qualitative and quantitative emissions of the gas waste stream.
Schulz, Rebecca L. (Aiken, SC); Clark, David E. (Gainesville, FL); Wicks, George G. (North Aiken, SC)
Down hole periodic seismic generator
A down hole periodic seismic generator system for transmitting variable frequency, predominantly shear-wave vibration into earth strata surrounding a borehole. The system comprises a unitary housing operably connected to a well head by support and electrical cabling and contains clamping apparatus for selectively clamping the housing to the walls of the borehole. The system further comprises a variable speed pneumatic oscillator and a self-contained pneumatic reservoir for producing a frequency-swept seismic output over a discrete frequency range.
Hardee, Harry C. (Albuquerque, NM); Hills, Richard G. (Las Cruces, NM); Striker, Richard P. (Albuquerque, NM)
Advanced downhole periodic seismic generator
An advanced downhole periodic seismic generator system for transmitting variable frequency, predominantly shear-wave vibration into earth strata surrounding a borehole. The system comprises a unitary housing operably connected to a well head by support and electrical cabling and contains clamping apparatus for selectively clamping the housing to the walls of the borehole. The system further comprises a variable speed pneumatic oscillator and a self-contained pneumatic reservoir for producing a frequency-swept seismic output over a discrete frequency range.
Department of Energy Kicks Off the State of Environmental Justice...
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
Protection Agency, the National Small Town Alliance, the Howard University School of Law and others, kicked off the State of Environmental Justice in America 2011...
Method and apparatus for off-gas composition sensing
An apparatus and method for non-intrusive collection of off-gas data in a steelmaking furnace includes structure and steps for transmitting a laser beam through the off-gas produced by a steelmaking furnace, for controlling the transmitting to repeatedly scan the laser beam through a plurality of wavelengths in its tuning range, and for detecting the laser beam transmitted through the off-gas and converting the detected laser beam to an electrical signal. The electrical signal is processed to determine characteristics of the off-gas that are used to analyze and/or control the steelmaking process.
Ottesen, David Keith (Livermore, CA); Allendorf, Sarah Williams (Fremont, CA); Hubbard, Gary Lee (Richmond, CA); Rosenberg, David Ezechiel (Columbia, MD)
Navarro Kicks Off New Environmental Programs Services Contract...
kicked off a new environmental programs services contract with Navarro Research and Engineering. Under the purview of the Environmental Management Program at the DOE National...
Reduction Experience with Johnson Matthey EGRT on Off-Road Equipment Todd Jacobs, Sougato Chatterjee, Ray Conway, and Andy Walker Johnson Matthey Johnson Matthey Terry Oftedal and...
Energy Secretary Bodman Kicks Off "Energizing America for Energy...
"Energizing America for Energy Security" Tour with Visit to Habitat for Humanity "Net-Zero Energy Home" Energy Secretary Bodman Kicks Off "Energizing America for Energy Security"...
Microsoft Word - Paducah and Portsmouth Off-Specification UF6...
UF6 Sample Results PORTS Off-Specification Enriched and Normal Sample Results Sample Transfer Number is the reference to the Production Automated Scheduling System (PASS) number....
First versus subsequent return-stroke current and field peaks in negative cloud-to-ground lightning discharges
First versus subsequent return-stroke current and field peaks in negative cloud-to-ground lightning examine relative magnitudes of electric field peaks of first and subsequent return strokes in negative, the electric field peak of the first stroke is appreciably, 1.7 to 2.4 times, larger than the field peak
Florida, University of
Decarbonization and the time-delay between peak CO2 emissions and concentrations
Carbon-dioxide (CO2) is the main contributor to anthropogenic global warming, and the timing of its peak concentration in the atmosphere is likely to govern the timing of maximum radiative forcing. While dynamics of atmospheric CO2 is governed by multiple time-constants, we idealize this by a single time-constant to consider some of the factors describing the time-delay between peaks in CO2 emissions and concentrations. This time-delay can be understood as the time required to bring CO2 emissions down from its peak to a small value, and is governed by the rate of decarbonizaton of economic activity. This decarbonization rate affects how rapidly emissions decline after having achieved their peak, and a rapid decline in emissions is essential for limiting peak radiative forcing. Long-term mitigation goals for CO2 should therefore consider not only the timing of peak emissions, but also the rate of decarbonization. We discuss implications for mitigation of the fact that the emissions peak corresponds to small bu...
Seshadri, Ashwin K
Active inductor shunt peaking in high-speed VCSEL driver design
An all transistor active inductor shunt peaking structure has been used in a prototype of 8-Gbps high-speed VCSEL driver which is designed for the optical link in ATLAS liquid Argon calorimeter upgrade. The VCSEL driver is fabricated in a commercial 0.25-um Silicon-on-Sapphire (SoS) CMOS process for radiation tolerant purpose. The all transistor active inductor shunt peaking is used to overcome the bandwidth limitation from the CMOS process. The peaking structure has the same peaking effect as the passive one, but takes a small area, does not need linear resistors and can overcome the process variation by adjust the peaking strength via an external control. The design has been tapped out, and the prototype has been proofed by the preliminary electrical test results and bit error ratio test results. The driver achieves 8-Gbps data rate as simulated with the peaking. We present the all transistor active inductor shunt peaking structure, simulation and test results in this paper.
Futian Liang; Datao Gong; Suen Hou; Chonghan Liu; Tiankuan Liu; Da-Shung Su; Ping-Kun Teng; Annie Xiang; Jingbo Ye; Ge Jin
Local Interactions and Protein Folding: A 3D Off-Lattice Approach
The thermodynamic behavior of a three-dimensional off-lattice model for protein folding is probed. The model has only two types of residues, hydrophobic and hydrophilic. In absence of local interactions, native structure formation does not occur for the temperatures considered. By including sequence independent local interactions, which qualitatively reproduce local properties of functional proteins, the dominance of a native state for many sequences is observed. As in lattice model approaches, folding takes place by gradual compactification, followed by a sequence dependent folding transition. Our results differ from lattice approaches in that bimodal energy distributions are not observed and that high folding temperatures are accompanied by relatively low temperatures for the peak of the specific heat. Also, in contrast to earlier studies using lattice models, our results convincingly demonstrate that one does not need more than two types of residues to generate sequences with good thermodynamic folding properties in three dimensions.
Anders Irb�ck; Carsten Peterson; Frank Potthast; Ola Sommelius
Future climate trends from a first-difference atmospheric carbon dioxide regression model involving emissions scenarios for business as usual and for peak fossil fuel
This paper investigates the implications of the future continuation of the demonstrated past (1960-2012) strong correlation between first-difference atmospheric CO2 and global surface temperature. It does this, for the period from the present to 2050, for a comprehensive range of future global fossil fuel energy use scenarios. The results show that even for a business-as-usual (the mid-level IPCC) fossil fuel use estimate, global surface temperature will rise at a slower rate than for the recent period 1960-2000. Concerning peak fossil fuel, for the most common scenario the currently observed (1998-2013)temperature plateau will turn into a decrease. The observed trend to date for temperature is compared with that for global climate disasters: these peaked in 2005 and are notably decreasing. The temperature and disaster results taken together are consistent with either a reduced business-as-usual fossil fuel use scenario into the future, or a peak fossil fuel scenario, but not with the standard business-as-usu...
Leggett, L M W
Method of multi-dimensional moment analysis for the characterization of signal peaks
A method of multi-dimensional moment analysis for the characterization of signal peaks can be used to optimize the operation of an analytical system. With a two-dimensional Peclet analysis, the quality and signal fidelity of peaks in a two-dimensional experimental space can be analyzed and scored. This method is particularly useful in determining optimum operational parameters for an analytical system which requires the automated analysis of large numbers of analyte data peaks. For example, the method can be used to optimize analytical systems including an ion mobility spectrometer that uses a temperature stepped desorption technique for the detection of explosive mixtures.
Pfeifer, Kent B; Yelton, William G; Kerr, Dayle R; Bouchier, Francis A
Scrape-off layer tokamak plasma turbulence
Two-dimensional (2D) interchange turbulence in the scrape-off layer of tokamak plasmas and their subsequent contribution to anomalous plasma transport has been studied in recent years using electron continuity, current balance, and electron energy equations. In this paper, numerically it is demonstrated that the inclusion of ion energy equation in the simulation changes the nature of plasma turbulence. Finite ion temperature reduces floating potential by about 15% compared with the cold ion temperature approximation and also reduces the radial electric field. Rotation of plasma blobs at an angular velocity about 1.5 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 5} rad/s has been observed. It is found that blob rotation keeps plasma blob charge separation at an angular position with respect to the vertical direction that gives a generation of radial electric field. Plasma blobs with high electron temperature gradients can align the charge separation almost in the radial direction. Influence of high ion temperature and its gradient has been presented.
Bisai, N.; Singh, R.; Kaw, P. K. [Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382428 (India)
Insights from Smart Meters: The Potential for Peak-Hour Savings from Behavior-Based Programs
residential customers with periodic Home Energy Reports (HERs) by mail that contain energy usage feedback
Todd, Annika
Event Rates for Off Axis NuMI Experiments
Neutrino interaction rates for experiments placed off axis in the NuMI beam are calculated. Primary proton beam energy is 120 GeV and four locations at 810 km from target and 6, 12, 30 and 40 km off axis are considered. This report is part of the Joint FNAL/BNL Future Long Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Experiment Study.
B. Viren
Infrared cut-off proposal for the Holographic density
We propose an infrared cut-off for the holographic the dark-energy, which besides the square of the Hubble scale also contains the time derivative of the Hubble scale. This avoids the problem of causality which appears using the event horizon area as the cut-off, and solves the coincidence problem.
L. N. Granda; A. Oliveros
Fuel effects on flame lift-off under diesel conditions
An apparent relation between the lift-off length under diesel conditions and the ignition quality of a fuel has previously been reported. To cast light on the underlying mechanism, the current study aims to separate flame lift-off effects of the chemical ignition delay from those of other fuel properties under diesel conditions. Flame lift-off was measured in an optical diesel engine by high-speed video imaging of OH-chemiluminescence. Fuel and ambient-gas properties were varied during the experiment. Only a weak correlation was found between ignition delay and lift-off length. The data indicate that this correlation is due to a common, stronger correlation with the ambient oxygen concentration. The chemical ignition delay and the fuel type had similar, weak effects on the lift-off length. A recently proposed mechanism for lift-off stabilization was used to interpret the results. It assumes that reactants approaching the lift-off position of the jet are mixed with high-temperature products found along the edges of the flame, which trigger autoignition. In this picture, the fuel effect is most likely due to differences in the amount of mixing with high-temperature products that is required for autoignition. In the current experiment, all lift-off effects seem to arise from variations in the reactant and product temperatures, induced by fuel and ambient properties. (author)
Persson, Helena; Andersson, Oeivind; Egnell, Rolf [Lund University (Sweden). Dept. of Energy Sciences
On The Portents of Peak Oil (And Other Indicators of Resource Scarcity)
Although economists have studied various indicators of resource scarcity (e.g., unit cost, resource rent, and market price), the phenomenon of �peaking� has largely been ignored due to its connection to non-economic theories ...
Smith, James L.
Batse observations of gamma-ray burst spectra; 2, peak energy evolution in bright, long bursts
Abstract We investigate spectral evolution in 37 bright, long gamma-ray bursts observed with the BATSE Spectroscopy Detectors. High resolution spectra are characterized by the energy of the peak of \
Ford, L A; Matteson, J L; Briggs, M S; Pendleton, G N; Preece, R D; Paciesas, W S; Teegarden, B J; Palmer, D M; Schaefer, B E; Cline, T L; Fishman, G J; Kouveliotou, C; Meegan, C A; Wilson, R B; Lestrade, J P
Discovery and geology of the Desert Peak geothermal field: a case history. Bulletin 97
A case history of the exploration, development (through 1980), and geology of the Desert Peak geothermal field is presented. Sections on geochemistry, geophysics, and temperature-gradient drilling are included.
Benoit, W.R.; Hiner, J.E.; Forest, R.T.
E-Print Network 3.0 - ag peaks disappear Sample Search Results
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C is published by the American Chemical Summary: to the formation of oxide species for Pt and Ag. However, after several cycles, this peak...
Diversity and productivity peak at intermediate dispersal rate in evolving metacommunities
LETTERS Diversity and productivity peak at intermediate dispersal rate in evolving metacommunities * Positive relationships between species diversity and productivity have been reported for a number of understanding how diversity and productivity are linked over evolutionary timescales. Here, we investigate
Hochberg, Michael
Large scale flows in the solar interior: Effect of asymmetry in peak profiles
Ring diagram analysis can be used to study large scale velocity fields in the outer part of the solar convection zone. All previous works assume that the peak profiles in the solar oscillation power spectrum are symmetric. However, it has now been demonstrated that the peaks are not symmetric. In this work we study how the explicit use of asymmetric peak profiles in ring-diagram analysis influences the estimated velocity fields. We find that the use of asymmetric profiles leads to significant improvement in the fits, but the estimated velocity fields are not substantially different from those obtained using a symmetric profile to fit the peaks. The resulting velocity fields are compared with those obtained by other investigators.
The effect of external magnetic field on the Raman peaks in manganites
We report here a microscopic theoretical model study exhibiting the effect of external magnetic field on the Raman excitation peaks in the CMR manganite system. The Hamiltonian consists of Jahn-Teller (J-T) distortion in e{sub g} band, the double exchange interaction and the Heisenberg spin-spin interaction. Further the phonons are coupled to e{sub g} band electrons, J-T distorted e{sub g} band and the double exchange interaction. The Raman spectral intensity is calculated from the imaginary part of the phonon Green function. The spectra exhibits three peaks besides a very weak high energy peak. The magnetic field effect on these peaks are reported.
Sahu, A. K., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Seemanta Engineering College, Jharpokharia, Mayurbhanj-757086, Odisha (India); Rout, G. C. [School of Applied Sciences (Physics), KIIT University, Bhubaneswar-7561024 (India)
2014. �Insights�from�Smart� Meters:�The�Potential�for�Peak�available data captured by smart meters and other sources,series Insights from Smart Meters. DRAFT � DO NOT CIRCULATE
Webinar February 17: Material Handling Fuel Cells for Building Electric Peak Shaving Applications
The Fuel Cell Technologies Office will present a live webinar entitled "Material Handling Fuel Cells for Building Electric Peak Shaving Applications" on Tuesday, February 17, from 12 to 1 p.m. Eastern Standard Time.
Redesigning experimental equipment for determining peak pressure in a simulated tank car transfer line
When liquids are transported from storage tanks to tank cars, improper order of valve openings can cause pressure surges in the transfer line. To model this phenomenon and predict the peak pressures in such a transfer line, ...
Diaz, Richard A
Electrical Energy Conservation and Peak Demand Reduction Potential for Buildings in Texas: Preliminary Results
This paper presents preliminary results of a study of electrical energy conservation and peak demand reduction potential for the building sector in Texas. Starting from 1980 building stocks and energy use characteristics, technical conservation...
Hunn, B. D.; Baughman, M. L.; Silver, S. C.; Rosenfeld, A. H.; Akbari, H.
Changes in measured lightning return stroke peak current after the 1994 National Lightning Detection Network upgrade
Since a comprehensive upgrade of the US National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) in 1994, the mean peak current of detected cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes has decreased, the number of detected flashes has increased, and the percentage...
Wacker, Robert Scott
Peak Doubling in SPDC Coincidence Spectra with a Short-Pulse Pump
We describe a double-peak structure of the coincidence spectrum of biphoton states in the process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion with a pump having the form of short pulses. The effect is shown to arise owing to the obligatory symmetry of bihoton wave functions, as wave functions describing states of two bozons obeying the Bose-Einstein statistics. Parameters of the peaks are found and conditions necessary for experimental observation of the effect are determined.
Mikhail V. Fedorov; Julia M. Mikhailova; Peter A. Volkov
An insoluble residue study of the Comanche Peak and Edwards limestones of Kimble County, Texas
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Previous investigations Comanche Peak and Edwards limestones. . Insoluble res idues 1 1 3 5 6 S tratigraphy Wa)nut clay. Conanche Peak limestone Edwards limestone. Georgetown limestone. 8 9 9 12 Paleontology Macropaleontology... on the basis of tha silt?clay insoluble residua y. Tectonic map of Early Cretaceous. Plate I. Vertical variation in insoluble residua content. . . . pocket vertical variation in sand-siss insoluble residue content Vertical vari. stion in sand...
Jurik, Paul Peter
Manifestation of the Purcell effect in the conductivity of InAs/AlSb short-period superlattices
Vertical transport in short-period InAs/AlSb superlattices with type-II heterojunctions is studied at room temperature. It is found that negative differential conductivity appears in the miniband-conduction mode upon the overlapping of quantum-confined states in a periodic system of quantum wells. In the nonresonant-tunneling mode, equidistant peaks appear on the current-voltage characteristic of these superlattices. These peaks are attributed to the influence of the optical cavity on optical electron transitions in quantum wells (Purcell effect)
Kagan, M. S., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Altukhov, I. V. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Kotel'nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics (Russian Federation)] [Russian Academy of Sciences, Kotel'nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics (Russian Federation); Baranov, A. N. [Universite Montpellier 2, Institute d'Electronique du Sud (France)] [Universite Montpellier 2, Institute d'Electronique du Sud (France); Il'inskaya, N. D. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute (Russian Federation)] [Russian Academy of Sciences, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute (Russian Federation); Paprotskiy, S. K. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Kotel'nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics (Russian Federation)] [Russian Academy of Sciences, Kotel'nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics (Russian Federation); Teissier, R. [Universite Montpellier 2, Institute d'Electronique du Sud (France)] [Universite Montpellier 2, Institute d'Electronique du Sud (France); Usikova, A. A. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Kotel'nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics (Russian Federation)] [Russian Academy of Sciences, Kotel'nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics (Russian Federation)
Characterization and Dessolution Test results for the January 2005 DWPF Off Gas Condensate Tank Samples (U)
The Off Gas Condensate Tank (OGCT) at the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) collects the condensate from the off-gas system of the melter. The condensate stream contains entrained solids that collect in the OGCT. Water from the OGCT is re-circulated to the Steam Atomized Scrubber and quencher and may provide a mechanism for re-introducing the particulates into the off-gas system. These particulates are thought to be responsible for plugging the downstream High Efficiency Mist Eliminator filters. Therefore, the OGCT needs to be periodically cleaned to remove the build-up of entrained solids. Currently, the OGCT is cleaned by adding nominally 12 wt% nitric acid with agitation to slurry the solids from the tank. Samples from the OGCT were sent to the Savannah River National Lab (SRNL) for characterization and to conduct tests to determine the optimum nitric acid concentration and residence time to allow more effective cleaning of the OGCT. This report summarizes the chemical and radionuclide results and the results from the nitric acid dissolution testing at 50% and 12% obtained for the OGCT sample.
Fellinger, T
Nested off-diagonal Bethe ansatz and exact solutions of the su(n) spin chain with generic integrable boundaries
The nested off-diagonal Bethe ansatz method is proposed to diagonalize multi-component integrable models with generic integrable boundaries. As an example, the exact solutions of the su(n)-invariant spin chain model with both periodic and non-diagonal boundaries are derived by constructing the nested T-Q relations based on the operator product identities among the fused transfer matrices and the asymptotic behavior of the transfer matrices.
Junpeng Cao; Wen-Li Yang; Kangjie Shi; Yupeng Wang
Ocean Thermal Resources off the Hawaiian Islands firstname.lastname@example.com Ocean Thermal Resources off the Hawaiian Islands
information to assist developers of ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) systems in site selection Energy Conversion The immense size of the ocean thermal resource and the baseload capability of OTECOcean Thermal Resources off the Hawaiian Islands firstname.lastname@example.com 1 Ocean Thermal Resources off
Is the apparent period-doubling in Blazhko stars actually an illusion?
It is known that the light curves of many Blazhko stars exhibit intervals in which successive pulsation maxima alternate between two levels in a way that is characteristic of period-doubling. In addition, hydrodynamical models of these stars have clearly demonstrated period-doubling bifurcations. As a result, it is now generally accepted that these stars do indeed exhibit period-doubling. Here we present strong evidence that this assumption is incorrect. The alternating peak heights likely result from the presence of one or more near-resonant modes which appear in the stellar spectra and are significantly offset from 3/2 times the fundamental frequency. A previous explanation for the presence of these peaks is shown to be inadequate. The phase-slip of the dominant near-resonant peak in RR Lyr is shown to be fully correlated with the parity of the observed alternations, providing further strong evidence that the process is nonresonant and cannot be characterized as period-doubling. The dominant near-resonant p...
Bryant, Paul H
Remote control of off-shore oil field production equipment
REMOTE CONTROL OF OFF-SHORE OIL FIELD PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT A Thesis Alton W. Sissom 1949 Approve as to style and on n by Cha1rman of omm1ttee REMOTE CONTROL OF OFFSHORE OIL FIELD PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT A Thesis Alton W. Oissom 1949 REMOTE...-Carrier Channel 26 PZNOTE CONTROL OF OFF-SHORE OIL FIELD PRODUCTION K, 'UIPMENT I GENERAL IiPOPPUi TION Since the beginning of the exploitation of the under-sea oil deposits in the Gulf' of qexico, most, of the territory off the shores of Texas and Louisiana...
Sissom, Alton Wayne
Off-shell tachyon amplitudes analyticity and projective invariance
We compute off-shell three- and four-tachyon amplitudes at tree level by using a prescription based on the requirement of projective invariance. In particular we show that the off-shell four-tachyon amplitude can be put in the same form as the corresponding on-shell one, exhibiting therefore the same analyticity properties. This is shown both for the bosonic and the fermionic string. The result obtained in the latter case can be extended to the off-shell four-tachyon amplitude in type 0 theory.
Cuomo, F; Nicodemi, F; Pettorino, R; Pezzella, F; Sabella, G
Off-shell tachyon amplitudes: analyticity and projective invariance
F. Cuomo; R. Marotta; F. Nicodemi; R. Pettorino; F. Pezzella; G. Sabella
Cosmology Constraints from the Weak Lensing Peak Counts and the Power Spectrum in CFHTLenS
DOE Public Access Gateway for Energy & Science Beta (PAGES Beta)
?Lensing peaks have been proposed as a useful statistic, containing cosmological information from non-Gaussianities that is inaccessible from traditional two-point statistics such as the power spectrum or two-point correlation functions. Here we examine constraints on cosmological parameters from weak lensing peak counts, using the publicly available data from the 154 deg2 CFHTLenS survey. We utilize a new suite of ray-tracing N-body simulations on a grid of 91 cosmological models, covering broad ranges of the three parameters ?m, ?8, and w, and replicating the galaxy sky positions, redshifts, and shape noise in the CFHTLenS observations. We then build an emulator that interpolates the power spectrum and the peak counts to an accuracy of ? 5%, and compute the likelihood in the three-dimensional parameter space (?m, ?8, w) from both observables. We find that constraints from peak counts are comparable to those from the power spectrum, and somewhat tighter when different smoothing scales are combined. Neither observable can constrain w without external data. When the power spectrum and peak counts are combined, the area of the error �banana� in the (?m, ?8) plane reduces by a factor of ? two, compared to using the power spectrum alone. For a flat ? cold dark matter model, combining both statistics, we obtain the constraint ?8(?m/0.27)0.63 = 0.85+0.03-0.03.
Liu, Jia [Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, (United States); May, Morgan [Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, (United States); Petri, Andrea [Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, (United States); Haiman, Zoltan [Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, (United States); Institute for Strings, Cosmology, and Astroparticle Physics (ISCAP), Columbia University, New York, (United States); Hui, Lam [Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, (United States); Institute for Strings, Cosmology, and Astroparticle Physics (ISCAP), Columbia University, New York, (United States); Kratochvil, Jan M. [Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, (South Africa)
Peak Oil Netherlands Foundation (PONL) was founded in May 2005 by a group of citizens who are concerned about the effects of a premature peak in oil and other fossil fuels production. The main aims of
#12;Peak Oil Netherlands Foundation (PONL) was founded in May 2005 by a group of citizens who are concerned about the effects of a premature peak in oil and other fossil fuels production. The main aims of this report, the other people in the Peak Oil Netherlands Foundation for their work, peakoil.com & the oildrum
Keeling, Stephen L.
Fact #864: March 16, 2015 Imports of Primary Energy have Declined Sharply Since the Peak Reached in 2007
Excel file and dataset for Imports of Primary Energy have Declined Sharply Since the Peak Reached in 2007
Science on Saturday lecture series kicks off with tribute to...
Science on Saturday lecture series kicks off with tribute to PPPL engineer and SOS host By Jeanne Jackson DeVoe January 21, 2015 Tweet Widget Google Plus One Share on Facebook...
Measured Off-Grid LED Lighting System Performance
The Specter of Fuel-Based Lighting," Science 308:1263-1264.Mills. 2008. "Solid-State Lighting on a Shoestring Budget:The Economics of Off-Grid Lighting for Small Businesses in
Granderson, Jessica
DOE's 2015 Tribal Renewable Energy Webinar Series to Kick Off...
energy security, improved climate change adaptation and resiliency, and more stable energy costs. This year's series will kick off on Jan. 28, 2015, from 11 a.m. to 12:30...
Off-shell helicity amplitudes in high-energy factorization
In the Catani-Ciafaloni-Hautmann high-energy factorization approach a cross section is expressed as a convolution of unintegrated gluon densities and a gauge-invariant hard process, in which two incoming gluons are off-shell with momenta satisfying certain high-energy kinematics. We present two methods of evaluating the tree-level hard process with multiple final states. The first one assumes that only one of the gluons is off-shell and relies on the Slavnov-Taylor identities. Such asymmetric configuration of incoming gluons is phenomenologically important in small x probing by forward processes. The second method deals also with two off-shell gluons and is based on the analytic continuation of the off-shell gluons momenta to the complex space. The methods were implemented into Monte Carlo computer programs and used in phenomenological applications. The results of both methods are straightforwardly related to Lipatov's effective vertices in quasi-multi-regge kinematics.
Piotr Kotko
Energy-Information Trade-Offs between Movement and Sensing
While there is accumulating evidence for the importance of the metabolic cost of information in sensory systems, how these costs are traded-off with movement when sensing is closely linked to movement is poorly understood. ...
Shirgaonkar, Anup
When to Turn Off Your Lights | Department of Energy
of when to turn off lights depends on the type of lights and the price of electricity. | Photo courtesy of iStockphoto.comkyoshino. The cost effectiveness of when...
Dusky dolphin nursery groups off Kaikoura, New Zealand
The distribution, behaviours, and composition of dusky dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obscurus) nursery groups off Kaikoura, New Zealand, were examined. Data were collected during January�May 2005 and December 2005�April 2006 by systematic boat based...
Weir, Jody Suzanne
Investment in the Future Pays Off for New Mexico Legislature
Investment in the Future Pays Off for New Mexico Legislature August 22, 2011 | By Karen Wentworth of New Mexico from oil and gas. The economy was growing and the state legislature took a gamble on higher
New Mexico, University of
Initial increase, ''peaking effect'', in the internal friction of copper following pulsed neutron and electron irradiation
Under certain experimental conditions the internal friction in metals can first increase and following prolonged irradiation decrease. Many models have been proposed to account for this ''peaking effect''; however, in many of the cases, no effort is made to distinguish between the influence of interstitials and/or vacancies. To determine the nature of the point defect responsible for the peaking effect in high purity copper, we have performed a series of pulsed irradiations using neutrons and electrons. In all of the experiments an initial very rapid rise in the internal friction and Young's modulus was observed. These data show that a fast diffusing defect is responsible for the peaking effect: i.e. the interstitial.
Simpson, H.M.; Parkin, D.M.; Goldstone, J.A.; Hemsky, J.W.
Peak pressures from hydrogen deflagrations in the PFP thermal stabilization glovebox
This document describes the calculations of the peak pressures due to hydrogen deflagrations in the glovebox used for thermal stabilization (glovebox HC-21A) in PFP. Two calculations were performed. The first considered the burning of hydrogen released from a 7 inch Pu can in the Inert Atmosphere Confinement (IAC) section of the glovebox. The peak pressure increase was 12400 Pa (1.8 psi). The second calculation considered burning of the hydrogen from 25 g of plutonium hydride in the airlock leading to the main portion of the glovebox. Since the glovebox door exposes most of the airlock when open, the deflagration was assumed to pressurize the entire glovebox. The peak pressure increase was 3860 Pa (0.56 psi).
Van Keuren, J.C.
The Second Peak: The Dark-Energy Density and the Cosmic Microwave Background
Supernova evidence for a negative-pressure dark energy (e.g., cosmological constant or quintessence) that contributes a fraction $\\Omega_\\Lambda\\simeq0.7$ of closure density has been bolstered by the discrepancy between the total density, $\\Omega_{\\rm tot}\\simeq1$, suggested by the location of the first peak in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectrum and the nonrelativistic-matter density $\\Omega_m\\simeq0.3$ obtained from dynamical measurements. Here we show that the impending identification of the location of the {\\it second} peak in the CMB power spectrum will provide an immediate and independent probe of the dark-energy density. As an aside, we show how the measured height of the first peak probably already points toward a low matter density and places upper limits to the reionization optical depth and gravitational-wave amplitude.
Marc Kamionkowski; Ari Buchalter
MEPSA: a flexible peak search algorithm designed for uniformly spaced time series
We present a novel algorithm aimed at identifying peaks within a uniformly sampled time series affected by uncorrelated Gaussian noise. The algorithm, called "MEPSA" (multiple excess peak search algorithm), essentially scans the time series at different timescales by comparing a given peak candidate with a variable number of adjacent bins. While this has originally been conceived for the analysis of gamma-ray burst light (GRB) curves, its usage can be readily extended to other astrophysical transient phenomena, whose activity is recorded through different surveys. We tested and validated it through simulated featureless profiles as well as simulated GRB time profiles. We showcase the algorithm's potential by comparing with the popular algorithm by Li and Fenimore, that is frequently adopted in the literature. Thanks to its high flexibility, the mask of excess patterns used by MEPSA can be tailored and optimised to the kind of data to be analysed without modifying the code. The C code is made publicly availabl...
Guidorzi, C
Estimating coal production peak and trends of coal imports in China
More than 20 countries in the world have already reached a maximum capacity in their coal production (peak coal production) such as Japan, the United Kingdom and Germany. China, home to the third largest coal reserves in the world, is the world's largest coal producer and consumer, making it part of the Big Six. At present, however, China's coal production has not yet reached its peak. In this article, logistic curves and Gaussian curves are used to predict China's coal peak and the results show that it will be between the late 2020s and the early 2030s. Based on the predictions of coal production and consumption, China's net coal import could be estimated for coming years. This article also analyzes the impact of China's net coal import on the international coal market, especially the Asian market, and on China's economic development and energy security. 16 refs., 5 figs., 6 tabs.
Bo-qiang Lin; Jiang-hua Liu [Xiamen University, Xiamen (China). China Center for Energy Economics Research (CCEER)
Off-energy-shell behavior of realistic potential models
The behavior of the fully-off-the-energy-shell T matrices for the Reid-soft-core and Paris-80 potentials are studied for a variety of partial waves, both uncoupled and coupled. Although the potentials have qualitatively different structures in both coordinate space and momentum space, the resulting off-energy-shell behavior is very similar in the range of energy and momentum relevant to low and medium energy nuclear physics.
Redish, E.F.; Stricker-Bauer, K.
A study of freeway off-ramp design and operation
. Affected Through Versus Non-Affected Through Ve hie les. Raft Versus Non-Affected Through Vehicles . gait Versus Affected Through Vehicles . Qeneral Observations. Acceleration Noise ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 26 30 32 34 36 37 IVo ANALTSIS QF QPP...?ey Pilning Locatioes. 5. Reit 4 (Telephone Off-Reap) . S. Rxit 7 (Myrtle Off Reap) Saainary Of f-Rasp S. Acceleration Noise Locations. 9. Woodridge Of f-gasp. 10. Typical Pr~s Proc yiha Study. 11. Speed Recorder . . ~ . ~ . . ~ . . ~ 12. Vehicle...
Carvell, James Demus
Duct Leakage Impacts on Airtightness, Infiltration, and Peak Electrical Demand in Florida Homes
handler (AH) operating continuously and 0.29 ach with the AH off. Return leaks were found to average 10.3% of AH total flow. House airtightness, in 90 of these homes, determined by blower door testing, averaged 12.58 air changes per hour at 50 Pascals...
Cummings, J. B.; Tooley, J. J.; Moyer, N.
A wedged-peak-pulse design with medium fuel adiabat for indirect-drive fusion
In the present letter, we propose the design of a wedged-peak pulse at the late stage of indirect drive. Our simulations of one- and two-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics show that the wedged-peak-pulse design can raise the drive pressure and capsule implosion velocity without significantly raising the fuel adiabat. It can thus balance the energy requirement and hydrodynamic instability control at both ablator/fuel interface and hot-spot/fuel interface. This investigation has implication in the fusion ignition at current mega-joule laser facilities.
Fan, Zhengfeng; Ren, Guoli; Liu, Bin; Wu, Junfeng [Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088 (China); He, X. T.; Liu, Jie; Wang, L. F.; Ye, Wenhua [Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088 (China); Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871 (China)
R-Process Freezeout, Nuclear Deformation, and the Rare-Earth Element Peak
We use network calculations of r-process nucleosynthesis to explore the origin of the peak in the solar r-process abundance distribution near nuclear mass number A = 160. The peak is due to a subtle interplay of nuclear deformation and beta decay, and forms not in the steady phase of the r-process, but only just prior to freezeout, as the free neutrons rapidly disappear. Its existence should therefore help constrain the conditions under which the r-process occurs and freezes out.
R. Surman; J. Engel; J. R. Bennett; B. S. Meyer
Tachyon condensation and off-shell gravity/gauge duality
We investigate quasilocal tachyon condensation by using gravity/gauge duality. In order to cure the IR divergence due to a tachyon, we introduce two regularization schemes: AdS space and a d=10 Schwarzschild black hole in a cavity. These provide stable canonical ensembles and thus are good candidates for the endpoint of tachyon condensation. Introducing the Cardy-Verlinde formula, we establish the on-shell gravity/gauge duality. We propose that the stringy geometry resulting from the off-shell tachyon dynamics matches onto the off-shell AdS black hole, where "off-shell" means non-equilibrium configuration. The instability induced by condensation of a tachyon behaves like an off-shell black hole and evolves toward a large stable black hole. The off-shell free energy and its derivative ($\\beta$-function) are used to show the off-shell gravity/gauge duality for the process of tachyon condensation. Further, d=10 Schwarzschild black hole in a cavity is considered for the Hagedorn transition as a possible explanation of the tachyon condensation.
Yun Soo Myung
Aggregation in sensor networks: An energy-accuracy trade-off
Sensor Networks: An Energy- Accuracy Trade-off Athanassiosacknowledge the energy/accuracy trade-off present whenalgorithm exploits the energy-accuracy trade-off in WASNs to
A. Boulis; S. Ganeriwal; M. B. Srivastava
Periodic orbit bifurcations as an ionization mechanism: The bichromatically driven hydrogen atom
We investigate the multiphoton ionization of hydrogen driven by a strong bichromatic microwave field. In a regime where classical and quantum simulations agree, periodic orbit analysis captures the mechanism: Through the linear stability of periodic orbits we match qualitatively the variation of experimental ionization rates with control parameters such as the amplitudes of the two modes of the field or their relative phases. Moreover, we discuss an empirical formula which reproduces quantum simulations to a high degree of accuracy. This quantitative agreement shows the mechanism by which short periodic orbits organize the dynamics in multiphoton ionization. We also analyze the effect of longer pulse durations. Finally we compare our results with those based on the peak amplitude rule. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses are implemented for different mode locked fields. In parameter space, the localization of the period doubling and halving allows one to predict the set of parameters (amplitudes and phase lag) where ionization occurs.
S. Huang; C. Chandre; T. Uzer
Monitoring peak power and cooling energy savings of shade trees and white surfaces in the Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) service area: Project design and preliminary results
Urban areas in warm climates create summer heat islands of daily average intensity of 3--5{degrees}C, adding to discomfort and increasing air-conditioning loads. Two important factors contributing to urban heat islands are reductions in albedo (lower overall city reflectance) and loss of vegetation (less evapotranspiration). Reducing summer heat islands by planting vegetation (shade trees) and increasing surface albedos, saves cooling energy, allows down-sizing of air conditioners, lowers air-conditioning peak demand, and reduces the emission of CO{sub 2} and other pollutants from electric power plants. The focus of this multi-year project, jointly sponsored by SMUD and the California Institute for Energy Efficiency (CIEE), was to measure the direct cooling effects of trees and white surfaces (mainly roofs) in a few buildings in Sacramento. The first-year project was to design the experiment and obtain base case data. We also obtained limited post retrofit data for some sites. This report provides an overview of the project activities during the first year at six sites. The measurement period for some of the sites was limited to September and October, which are transitional cooling months in Sacramento and hence the interpretation of results only apply to this period. In one house, recoating the dark roof with a high-albedo coating rendered air conditioning unnecessary for the month of September (possible savings of up to 10 kWh per day and 2 kW of non-coincidental peak power). Savings of 50% relative to an identical base case bungalow were achieved when a school bungalow`s roof and southeast wall were coated with a high-albedo coating during the same period. Our measured data for the vegetation sites do not indicate conclusive results because shade trees were small and the cooling period was almost over. We need to collect more data over a longer cooling season in order to demonstrate savings conclusively.
Akbari, H.; Bretz, S.; Hanford, J.; Rosenfeld, A.; Sailor, D.; Taha, H. [Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States); Bos, W. [Sacramento Municipal Utility District, CA (United States)
Long-term cycles in the history of life: Periodic biodiversity in the Paleobiology Database
Time series analysis of fossil biodiversity of marine invertebrates in the Paleobiology Database (PBDB) shows a significant periodicity at approximately 63 My, in agreement with previous analyses based on the Sepkoski database. I discuss how this result did not appear in a previous analysis of the PBDB. The existence of the 63 My periodicity, despite very different treatment of systematic error in both PBDB and Sepkoski databases strongly argues for consideration of its reality in the fossil record. Cross-spectral analysis of the two datasets finds that a 62 My periodicity coincides in phase by 1.6 My, equivalent to better than the errors in either measurement. Consequently, the two data sets not only contain the same strong periodicity, but its peaks and valleys closely correspond in time. Two other spectral peaks appear in the PBDB analysis, but appear to be artifacts associated with detrending and with the increased interval length. Sampling-standardization procedures implemented by the PBDB collaboration suggest that the signal is not an artifact of sampling bias. Further work should focus on finding the cause of the 62 My periodicity.
Adrian L. Melott
Stimulation at Desert Peak -modeling with the coupled THM code FEHM
Numerical modeling of the 2011 shear stimulation at the Desert Peak well 27-15. This submission contains the FEHM executable code for a 64-bit PC Windows-7 machine, and the input and output files for the results presented in the included paper from ARMA-213 meeting.
kelkar, sharad
Paleoecological evidence for abrupt cold reversals during peak Holocene warmth on Baffin Island, Arctic Canada
climate forcings, including volcanic eruptions and solar variability, and perturbations such as freshwaterPaleoecological evidence for abrupt cold reversals during peak Holocene warmth on Baffin Island Paleolimnology Abrupt climate change A continuous record of insect (Chironomidae) remains preserved in lake
Briner, Jason P.
A Model for Predicting Daily Peak Visitation and Implications for Recreation Management and Water Quality: Evidence
A Model for Predicting Daily Peak Visitation and Implications for Recreation Management and Water carrying capacity. Keywords Visitation model Á Recreation management Á Water quality Á River visitation Á Clark, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA 123 Environmental Management DOI 10.1007/s00267-008-9079-5 #12
First Tracer Test After Circulation in Desert Peak 27-15
Following the successful stimulation of Desert Peak target EGS well 27-15, a circulation test was initiated by injecting a conservative tracer (1,5-nds) in combination with a reactive tracer (7-amino-1,3-naphthalene disulfonate). The closest production well 74-21 was monitored over the subsequent several months.
Rose, Peter
The Influence of Air-Conditioning Efficiency in the Peak Load Demand for Kuwait
A model co-relating the peak load demand of a utility with the allowable power rating (PR) of air-conditioning (AC) systems has been developed in this paper through a well defined methodology. The model is capable to predict the extent of allowable...
Ali, A. A.; Maheshwari, G. P.
Incompatibility of modulated checkerboard patterns with the neutron scattering resonance peak in cuprate superconductors
in cuprate superconductors D. X. Yao and E. W. Carlson Department of Physics, Purdue University, West materials such as cuprate superconductors, nickelates, manganites, and related perovskites. Charge order as temperature is lowered into the superconducting state. The relation between the resonance peak
Carlson, Erica
Discrete ordinates transport methods for problems with highly forward-peaked scattering
The author examines the solutions of the discrete ordinates (S{sub N}) method for problems with highly forward-peaked scattering kernels. He derives conditions necessary to obtain reasonable solutions in a certain forward-peaked limit, the Fokker-Planck (FP) limit. He also analyzes the acceleration of the iterative solution of such problems and offer improvements to it. He extends the analytic Fokker-Planck limit analysis to the S{sub N} equations. This analysis shows that in this asymptotic limit the S{sub N} solution satisfies a pseudospectral discretization of the FP equation, provided that the scattering term is handled in a certain way (which he describes) and that the analytic transport solution satisfies an analytic FP equation. Similar analyses of various spatially discretized S{sub N} equations reveal that they too produce solutions that satisfy discrete FP equations, given the same provisions. Numerical results agree with these theoretical predictions. He defines a multidimensional angular multigrid (ANMG) method to accelerate the iterative solution of highly forward-peaked problems. The analyses show that a straightforward application of this scheme is subject to high-frequency instabilities. However, by applying a diffusive filter to the ANMG corrections he is able to stabilize this method. Fourier analyses of model problems show that the resulting method is effective at accelerating the convergence rate when the scattering is forward-peaked. The numerical results demonstrate that these analyses are good predictors of the actual performance of the ANMG method.
Pautz, S.D.
Preparing for the Peak: Energy Security and Atlantic Canada 1 Larry Hughes
. This is especially true in the forest products sector that was quite healthy until the increase in energy pricesERG/200606 Preparing for the Peak: Energy Security and Atlantic Canada 1 Larry Hughes Energy, Canada 2 May 2006 1 This paper was presented at the Second International Green Energy Conference (IGEC
Inserting Test Points to Control Peak Power During Scan Testing Ranganathan Sankaralingam and Nur A. Touba
simply reducing the average power dissipation per clock cycle. Proceedings of the 17th IEEE International. The average power dissipation during scan testing can be controlled by reducing the scan frequency. However, the peak power during scan testing cannot be controlled by reducing clock frequency and hence is more
Touba, Nur A.
Future world oil production: Growth, plateau, or peak?1 Larry Hughes and Jacinda Rudolph
Energy Systems 2010 #12;Future world oil production: Growth, plateau, or peak? Larry Hughes2 and Jacinda governments to reduce their energy intensity (6), the growth in oil production resumed in the mid-1980s World Energy Outlook, production is projected to increase to 103.8 million barrels of oil a day by 2030
Power Control for Block-Fading Channels with Peak-to-Average Power Constraints
.email@example.com Albert Guill´en i F`abregas Engineering Department University of Cambridge Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, UK email@example.com Lars K. Rasmussen Institute for Telecommunications Research University of South Australia Mawson Lakes SA 5095 firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract-- Power allocation with peak-to-average power con
Guillén i Fàbregas, Albert
(2013) 128 Data Center Demand Response: Avoiding the Coincident Peak via
(2013) 128 Data Center Demand Response: Avoiding the Coincident Peak via Workload firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract Demand response is a crucial aspect of the future smart grid. It has the potential to provide centers' participation in demand response is becoming increasingly important given their high
Wierman, Adam
Sequence Stratigraphy and Detrital Zircon Geochronology of the Swan Peak Quartzite, Southeastern Idaho
2.5 - 3.0 Ga (Archean), with a smaller, but persistent, population at 2.0 - 2.1 Ga, and a very minor 0.8 - 1.2 Ga (Mesoproterozoic) population occurring mainly in the tops of the measured sections. The base of each section has a larger Archean peak...
Wulf, Tracy David
Neutron scattering evidence of a boson peak in protein hydration water Alessandro Paciaroni,1
Neutron scattering evidence of a boson peak in protein hydration water Alessandro Paciaroni,1 Anna Viterbo, Italy Received 24 February 1999 Measurement of the low temperature neutron excess of scattering, has been detected by neutron scattering and Raman spectros- copy in a large variety of glassy systems
Tuscia, Università Degli Studi Della
Smart Operations of Air-Conditioning and Lighting Systems in Government Buildings for Peak Power Reduction
During the summer 2007 smart operation strategies for air-conditioning (A/C) and lighting systems were developed and tested in a number of governmental buildings in Kuwait as one of the solutions to reduce the national peak demand for electrical...
Al-Hadban, Y.; Maheshwari, G. P.; Al-Nakib, D.; Al-Mulla, A.; Alasseri, R.
Generation of high peak power pulse using 2 stage erbium-doped fiber amplifier
-doped fiber. For the second stage, two 1480nm pump lasers were used to pump erbium-doped fiber in both forward and backward propagating direction. The signal laser was modulated to produce pulses with high repetition rate high peak power. The first stage...
Lee, Kyung-Woo
How avian nest site selection responds to predation risk: testing an `adaptive peak hypothesis'
How avian nest site selection responds to predation risk: testing an `adaptive peak hypothesis., Arcata, CA 95521, USA Summary 1. Nest predation limits avian fitness, so birds should favour nest sites that minimize predation risk. Nevertheless, preferred nest microhabitat features are often uncorrelated
Vortex-peak interaction and lattice shape in rotating two-component Bose-Einstein condensates
Vortex-peak interaction and lattice shape in rotating two-component Bose-Einstein condensates: November 28, 2011) When a two component Bose-Einstein condensate is placed into rotation, a lattice component condensate is set into rotation, topological defects of both order parameters are created, which
Wei, Jun-cheng
ORIGINAL ARTICLE A theoretical analysis of the relative influences of peak BMD,
loss and menopause on the development of osteoporosis C.J. Hernandez � G.S. Beaupre� � D.R. Carter Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation 2003 Abstract Factors that determine a post-menopausal the relative influences of peak BMD, menopause and age- related bone loss on the development of osteoporosis
Stanford University
Appropriate Loads for Peak-Power During Resisted Sprinting on a Non-Motorized Treadmill
-motorized treadmill (Force 3.0, Woodway, Waukesha, WI, USA). Similar to session 2, this session was preceded by a dynamic warm-up involving calisthenics, submaximal walking, and submaximal jogging on the treadmill. Chia and Lim (2008) determined that peak power...
Andre, Matthew J.; Fry, Andrew C.; Lane, Michael T.
Off-Highway Transportation-Related Fuel Use
The transportation sector includes many subcategories--for example, on-highway, off-highway, and non-highway. Use of fuel for off-highway purposes is not well documented, nor is the number of off-highway vehicles. The number of and fuel usage for on-highway and aviation, marine, and rail categories are much better documented than for off-highway land-based use. Several sources document off-highway fuel use under specific conditions--such as use by application (e.g., recreation) or by fuel type (e.g., gasoline). There is, however, no single source that documents the total fuel used off-highway and the number of vehicles that use the fuel. This report estimates the fuel usage and number of vehicles/equipment for the off-highway category. No new data have been collected nor new models developed to estimate the off-highway data--this study is limited in scope to using data that already exist. In this report, unless they are being quoted from a source that uses different terminology, the terms are used as listed below. (1) ''On-highway/on-road'' includes land-based transport used on the highway system or other paved roadways. (2) ''Off-highway/off-road'' includes land-based transport not using the highway system or other paved roadways. (3) ''Non-highway/non-road'' includes other modes not traveling on highways such as aviation, marine, and rail. It should be noted that the term ''transportation'' as used in this study is not typical. Generally, ''transportation'' is understood to mean the movement of people or goods from one point to another. Some of the off-highway equipment included in this study doesn't transport either people or goods, but it has utility in movement (e.g., a forklift or a lawn mower). Along these lines, a chain saw also has utility in movement, but it cannot transport itself (i.e., it must be carried) because it does not have wheels. Therefore, to estimate the transportation-related fuel used off-highway, transportation equipment is defined to include all devices that have wheels, can move or be moved from one point to another, and use fuel. An attempt has been made to exclude off-highway engines that do not meet all three of these criteria (e.g., chain saws and generators). The following approach was used to determine the current off-highway fuel use. First, a literature review was conducted to ensure that all sources with appropriate information would be considered. Secondly, the fuel use data available from each source were compiled and compared in so far as possible. Comparable data sets (i.e., same fuel type; same application) were evaluated. Finally, appropriate data sets were combined to provide a final tally.
Davis, S.C.
Off-Shell Higgs Coupling Measurements in BSM scenarios
Proposals of measuring the off-shell Higgs contributions and first measurements at the LHC have electrified the Higgs phenomenology community for two reasons: Firstly, probing interactions at high invariant masses and momentum transfers is intrinsically sensitive to new physics beyond the Standard Model, irrespective of a resonant or non-resonant character of a particular BSM scenario. Secondly, under specific assumptions a class of models exists for which the off-shell coupling measurement together with a measurement of the on-shell signal strength can be re-interpreted in terms of a bound on the total Higgs boson width. In this paper, we provide a first step towards a classification of the models for which a total width measurement is viable and we discuss examples of BSM models for which the off-shell coupling measurement can be important in either constraining or even discovering new physics in the upcoming LHC runs. Specifically, we discuss the quantitative impact of the presence of dimension six operators on the (de)correlation of Higgs on- and off-shell regions keeping track of all interference effects. We furthermore investigate off-shell measurements in a wider context of new (non-)resonant physics in Higgs portal scenarios and the MSSM.
Christoph Englert; Yotam Soreq; Michael Spannowsky
Seismic isolation of two dimensional periodic foundations
Phononic crystal is now used to control acoustic waves. When the crystal goes to a larger scale, it is called periodic structure. The band gaps of the periodic structure can be reduced to range from 0.5?Hz to 50?Hz. Therefore, the periodic structure has potential applications in seismic wave reflection. In civil engineering, the periodic structure can be served as the foundation of upper structure. This type of foundation consisting of periodic structure is called periodic foundation. When the frequency of seismic waves falls into the band gaps of the periodic foundation, the seismic wave can be blocked. Field experiments of a scaled two dimensional (2D) periodic foundation with an upper structure were conducted to verify the band gap effects. Test results showed the 2D periodic foundation can effectively reduce the response of the upper structure for excitations with frequencies within the frequency band gaps. When the experimental and the finite element analysis results are compared, they agree well with each other, indicating that 2D periodic foundation is a feasible way of reducing seismic vibrations.
Yan, Y.; Mo, Y. L., E-mail: email@example.com [University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004 (United States); Laskar, A. [Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai (India); Cheng, Z.; Shi, Z. [Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing (China); Menq, F. [University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712 (United States); Tang, Y. [Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439 (United States)
Designing the sound of a cut-off drum
The spectral action in noncommutative geometry naturally implements an ultraviolet cut-off, by counting the eigenvalues of a (generalized) Dirac operator lower than an energy of unification. Inverting the well known question "how to hear the shape of a drum ?", we ask what drum can be designed by hearing the truncated music of the spectral action ? This makes sense because the same Dirac operator also determines the metric, via Connes distance. The latter thus offers an original way to implement the high-momentum cut-off of the spectral action as a short distance cut-off on space. This is a non-technical presentation of the results of http://arxiv.org/abs/1305.2605
Martinetti, Pierre
STORMVEX: The Storm Peak Lab Cloud Property Validation Experiment Science and Operations Plan
During the Storm Peak Lab Cloud Property Validation Experiment (STORMVEX), a substantial correlative data set of remote sensing observations and direct in situ measurements from fixed and airborne platforms will be created in a winter season, mountainous environment. This will be accomplished by combining mountaintop observations at Storm Peak Laboratory and the airborne National Science Foundation-supported Colorado Airborne Multi-Phase Cloud Study campaign with collocated measurements from the second ARM Mobile Facility (AMF2). We describe in this document the operational plans and motivating science for this experiment, which includes deployment of AMF2 to Steamboat Springs, Colorado. The intensive STORMVEX field phase will begin nominally on 1 November 2010 and extend to approximately early April 2011.
Mace, J; Matrosov, S; Shupe, M; Lawson, P; Hallar, G; McCubbin, I; Marchand, R; Orr, B; Coulter, R; Sedlacek, A; Avallone, L; Long, C
Effect of Polymerization on the Boson Peak, from the Liquid to Glassy Phase
Raman scattering measurements are used to follow the modification of the vibrational density of states in a reactive epoxy{amine mixture during isothermal polymerization. Combining with Brillouin light and inelastic x-ray scattering measurements, we analyze the variations of the boson peak and of the Debye level while the system passes from the uid to a glassy phase upon increasing the number of covalent bonds among the constituent molecules. We find that the shift and the intensity decrease of the boson peak are fully explained by the modification of the elastic medium throughout the reaction. Surprisingly, bond-induced modifications of the structure do not affect the relative excess of states over the Debye level.
S. Caponi; S. Corezzi; D. Fioretto; A. Fontana; G. Monaco; F. Rossi
Radial Structure of Shell Modulations Near Peak Compression of Spherical Implosions
The structure of shell modulations is measured at peak compression of directly driven spherical implosions using absorption of titanium-doped layers placed at various distances of 1, 5, 7, and 9 mm from the inner surface of 20-mm-thick plastic CH shells filled with 18 atm of D3He gas. The modulations are measured using the ratios of monochromatic core images taken inside and outside of the titanium 1s-2p absorption spectral region. Peak-compression, time-integrated areal-density modulations are higher at the inner shell surface, which is unstable during the deceleration phase of an implosion with a modulation level of 59{+-}14%, The perturbations are lower in the central part of the shell, having a modulation level of 18{+-}5%. The outer surface of the shell, which is unstable during the acceleration phase of an implosion, has a modulation level of 52{+-}20%.
Smalyuk, V.A.; Dumanis, S.B.; Marshall, F.J.; Delettrez, J.A.; Meyerhofer, D.D.; Regan, S.P.; Sangster, T.C.; Yaakobi, B.; Koch, J.A.
Off-Angle Iris Correction using a Biological Model
This work implements an eye model to simulate corneal refraction effects. Using this model, ray tracing is performed to calculate transforms to remove refractive effects in off-angle iris images when reprojected to a frontal view. The correction process is used as a preprocessing step for off-angle iris images for input to a commercial matcher. With this method, a match score distribution mean improvement of 11.65% for 30 degree images, 44.94% for 40 degree images, and 146.1% improvement for 50 degree images is observed versus match score distributions with unmodi ed images.
Thompson, Joseph T [ORNL] [ORNL; Santos-Villalobos, Hector J [ORNL] [ORNL; Karakaya, Mahmut [ORNL] [ORNL; Barstow, Del R [ORNL] [ORNL; Bolme, David S [ORNL] [ORNL; Boehnen, Chris Bensing [ORNL] [ORNL
Plasma flows in scrape-off layer of Aditya tokamak
The magnetized Mach probe is used to make measurement of plasma flows in the scrape-off layer of the Aditya tokamak [R. Jha et al., Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 51, 095010 (2009)]. This probe is further used to measure dependencies of Mach number on local plasma densities and radial distances of the probe in the scrape-off layer. The measured Mach number has contributions from E Multiplication-Sign B drift, Pfrisch-Schlueter, and transport driven flows. We have determined that the toroidal flow is towards the ion side of the limiter and the poloidal flow direction is towards the contact of the last closed flux surface with the limiter.
Sangwan, Deepak; Jha, Ratneshwar; Brotankova, Jana; Gopalkrishna, M. V. [Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382 428, Gujarat (India)
Going Off the Grid with Solar | Department of Energy
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "of Energy Power.pdf11-161-LNG | Department of EnergyGeothermalGoing Off the Grid with Solar Going Off
The Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) recently received a deposit sample from the Melter Primary Off Gas System (POG) of the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF). This sample was composed of material that had been collected while the quencher was in operation January 27, 2011 through March 31, 2011. DWPF requested, through a technical assistance request, characterization of the melter off-gas deposits by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and chemical analysis. The purpose of the Melter Off-Gas System is to reduce the amount of radioactive particles and mercury in the gases vented to the atmosphere. Gases emitted from the melter pass through the primary film cooler, quencher, Off-Gas Condensate Tank (OGCT), Steam Atomized Scrubbers (SAS), a condenser, a high efficiency mist eliminator, and a high efficiency particulate air filter, before being vented to the Process Vessel Vent System. The film coolers cool the gases leaving the melter vapor space from {approx}750 C to {approx}375 C, by introducing air and steam to the flow. In the next step, the quencher cools the gas to about 60 C by bringing the condensate from the OGCT in contact with the effluent (Figure 1). Most of the steam in the effluent is then condensed and the melter vapor space pressure is reduced. The purpose of the OGCT is to collect and store the condensate formed during the melter operation. Condensate from the OGCT is circulated to the SAS and atomized with steam. This atomized condensate is mixed with the off-gas to wet and join the particulate which is then removed in the cyclone. The next stage incorporates a chilled water condenser which separates the vapors and elemental mercury from the off-gas steam. Primary off-gas deposit samples from the DWPF melter have previously been analyzed. In 2003, samples from just past the film cooler, from the inlet of the quencher and inside the quencher were analyzed at SRNL. It was determined that the samples were a mixture of sludge and glass frit. The major component was Si along with Fe, Al, and other elements in the radioactive waste being processed. The deposits analyzed also contained U-235 fission products and actinide elements. Prior to that, deposits in the off-gas system in the DWPF nonradioactive half scale melter and the one-tenth scale integrated DWPF melter system were analyzed and determined to be mixtures of alkali rich chlorides, sulfates, borates, and fluorides entrained with iron oxides, spinels and frit particles formed by vapor-phase transport and condensation. Additional work was performed in 2007 in which researchers similarly found the deposits to be a combination of sludge and frit particles.
Newell, J.
Impact of Reflective Roofing on Cooling Electrical Use and Peak Demand in a Florida Retail Mall
on Energy Efficiency in Buildings, American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy, Washington D.C., Vol. 9, p. 1, August, 1992. Akbari, H., Bretz, S., Kurn, D.M. and Hanford, J., ?Peak Power and Cooling Energy Savings of High Albedo Roofs,? Energy... positive pressure dehumidified air ventilation in hot humid climates, quiet exhaust fan ventilation in cool climates, solar water heaters, heat pump water heaters, high efficiency right sized heating/cooling equipment, and gas fired combo space...
Parker, D. S.; Sonne, J. K.; Sherwin, J. R.
Statistics of Merging Peaks of Random Gaussian Fluctuations: Skeleton Tree Formalism
In order to study the statistics of the objects with hierarchical merging, we propose the skeleton tree formalism, which can analytically distinguish the episodic merging and the continuous accretion in the mass growth processes. The distinction was not clear in extended Press-Schechter (PS) formalism. The skeleton tree formalism is a natural extension of the peak theory which is an alternative formalism for the statistics of the bound objects. The fluctuation field smoothing with Gaussian filter produces the landscape with adding the extra-dimension of the filter resolution scale to the spatial coordinate of the original fluctuation. In the landscape, some smoothing peaks are nesting into the neighboring peaks at a type of critical points called sloping saddles appears, which can be interpreted as merging events of the objects in the context of the hierarchical structure formation. The topological properties of the landscape can be abstracted in skeleton trees, which consist of line process of the smoothing peaks and the point process of the sloping saddles. According to this abstract topological picture, in this paper, we present the concept and the basic results of the skeleton tree formalism to describe (1) the distinction between the accretion and the merger in the hierarchical structure formation from various initial random Gaussian fields; (2) the instantaneous number density of the sloping saddles which gives the instantaneous scale function of the objects with the destruction and reformation in the mergers; (3) the rates of the destruction, the reformation, and the relative accretion growth; (4) the self-consistency of the formalism for the statistics of the mass growth processes of the objects; (5) the mean growth history of the objects at the fixed mass.
Hitoshi Hanami
The host galaxies of Compact Steep Spectrum and Gigahertz-Peaked Spectrum radio sources
I will review some of the developments in studies of the host galaxy properties of Compact Steep Spectrum (CSS) and GigaHertz-Peaked Spectrum (GPS) radio sources. In contrast to previous reviews structured around observational technique, I will discuss the host galaxy properties in terms of morphology, stellar content and warm gas properties and discuss how compact, young radio-loud AGN are key objects for understanding galaxy evolution.
J. Holt
Method and apparatus for reducing rotor blade deflections, loads, and/or peak rotational speed
A method for reducing at least one of loads, deflections of rotor blades, or peak rotational speed of a wind turbine includes storing recent historical pitch related data, wind related data, or both. The stored recent historical data is analyzed to determine at least one of whether rapid pitching is occurring or whether wind speed decreases are occurring. A minimum pitch, a pitch rate limit, or both are imposed on pitch angle controls of the rotor blades conditioned upon results of the analysis.
Moroz, Emilian Mieczyslaw; Pierce, Kirk Gee
Appendix A. Individual Evaluations of 30 Peak Discharges from 28 Extraordinary Floods in the United States
States #12;#12;Appendix A: Seco Creek 55 Location: This flood site is located at 29.4750 N and 99.3000 W,000 ft3 /s, as published in Crippen and Bue (1977). The rating is poor. Drainage area: 142 mi2 . Data by several gaging-station records in the area that show a major peak discharge occurring on or about May 31
InSAR At Desert Peak Area (Laney, 2005) | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia: Energy Resources Jump to: navigation,Ohio:GreerHiCalifornia:ISIIrrigationDesert Peak Area (Laney, 2005) Jump to:
Blueshift Without Blueshift: Red Hole Gamma-Ray Burst Models Explain the Peak energy Distribution
Gamma-ray bursts are still a puzzle. In particular, the central engine, the total energy and the very narrow distribution of peak energies challenge model builders. We consider here an extreme model of gamma-ray bursts based on highly red- and blue-shifted positron annihilation radiation. The burst emerges from inside the red hole created by the complete gravitational collapse of the GRB progenitor.
James S. Graber
Revised 6.2.09 GradCare off-site registration form
Care off-site registration form For University of Michigan students enrolled in off-campus academic study or other off-site field placement. Instructions To obtain expanded coverage outside the GradCare network ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Off-site address City State Zip Dependents (spouse, other qualified adult, children, etc) complete
Shyy, Wei
Structure of the solar core: Effect of asymmetry of peak profiles
Recent studies have established that peaks in solar oscillation power spectra are not Lorentzian in shape, but have a distinct asymmetry. Fitting a symmetric Lorentzian profile to the peaks therefore produces a shift in frequency of the modes. Accurate determination of low-frequency modes is essential to infer the structure of the solar core by inversion of the mode frequencies. In this paper we investigate how the changes in frequencies of low-degree modes obtained by fitting symmetric and asymmetric peak profiles change the inferred properties of the solar core. We use data obtained by the Global Oscillations at Low Frequencies (GOLF) project on board the SoHO spacecraft. Two different solar models and inversion procedures are used to invert the data to determine the sound speed in the solar core. We find that for a given set of modes no significant difference in the inferred sound-speed results from taking asymmetry into account when fitting the low-degree modes.
S. Basu; S. Turck-Chieze; G. Berthomieu; A. S. Brun; T. Corbard; J. Christensen-Dalsgaard; J. Provost; S. Thiery; A. H. Gabriel; P. Boumier
The effect of head size/shape, miscentering, and bowtie filter on peak patient tissue doses from modern brain perfusion 256-slice CT: How can we minimize the risk for deterministic effects?
Purpose: To determine patient-specific absorbed peak doses to skin, eye lens, brain parenchyma, and cranial red bone marrow (RBM) of adult individuals subjected to low-dose brain perfusion CT studies on a 256-slice CT scanner, and investigate the effect of patient head size/shape, head position during the examination and bowtie filter used on peak tissue doses. Methods: The peak doses to eye lens, skin, brain, and RBM were measured in 106 individual-specific adult head phantoms subjected to the standard low-dose brain perfusion CT on a 256-slice CT scanner using a novel Monte Carlo simulation software dedicated for patient CT dosimetry. Peak tissue doses were compared to corresponding thresholds for induction of cataract, erythema, cerebrovascular disease, and depression of hematopoiesis, respectively. The effects of patient head size/shape, head position during acquisition and bowtie filter used on resulting peak patient tissue doses were investigated. The effect of eye-lens position in the scanned head region was also investigated. The effect of miscentering and use of narrow bowtie filter on image quality was assessed. Results: The mean peak doses to eye lens, skin, brain, and RBM were found to be 124, 120, 95, and 163 mGy, respectively. The effect of patient head size and shape on peak tissue doses was found to be minimal since maximum differences were less than 7%. Patient head miscentering and bowtie filter selection were found to have a considerable effect on peak tissue doses. The peak eye-lens dose saving achieved by elevating head by 4 cm with respect to isocenter and using a narrow wedge filter was found to approach 50%. When the eye lies outside of the primarily irradiated head region, the dose to eye lens was found to drop to less than 20% of the corresponding dose measured when the eye lens was located in the middle of the x-ray beam. Positioning head phantom off-isocenter by 4 cm and employing a narrow wedge filter results in a moderate reduction of signal-to-noise ratio mainly to the peripheral region of the phantom. Conclusions: Despite typical peak doses to skin, eye lens, brain, and RBM from the standard low-dose brain perfusion 256-slice CT protocol are well below the corresponding thresholds for the induction of erythema, cataract, cerebrovascular disease, and depression of hematopoiesis, respectively, every effort should be made toward optimization of the procedure and minimization of dose received by these tissues. The current study provides evidence that the use of the narrower bowtie filter available may considerably reduce peak absorbed dose to all above radiosensitive tissues with minimal deterioration in image quality. Considerable reduction in peak eye-lens dose may also be achieved by positioning patient head center a few centimeters above isocenter during the exposure.
Perisinakis, Kostas; Seimenis, Ioannis; Tzedakis, Antonis; Papadakis, Antonios E.; Damilakis, John [Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, Heraklion 71003, Crete (Greece); Medical Diagnostic Center 'Ayios Therissos,' P.O. Box 28405, Nicosia 2033, Cyprus and Department of Medical Physics, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Panepistimioupolis, Dragana 68100, Alexandroupolis (Greece); Department of Medical Physics, University Hospital of Heraklion, P.O. Box 1352, Heraklion 71110, Crete (Greece); Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, Heraklion 71003, Crete (Greece)
Metallurgy Department Progress Report for the Period
Dlcfc^ooWS imsm "-"' Metallurgy Department Progress Report for the Period 1 January to 31 December 1962 (Uw National Laboratory, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark July 1963 #12;Ris�-R-486 METALLURGY DEPARTMENT PROGRESS REPORT FOR THE PERIOD 1 JANUARY TO 31 DECEMBER 1982 Abstract. The activities of the Metallurgy
Broadband solar absorption enhancement via periodic
Province, 230009, P. R. China. Solution processed colloidal quantum dot (CQD) solar cells have greatBroadband solar absorption enhancement via periodic nanostructuring of electrodes Michael M. Adachi demonstrate a bottom- illuminated periodic nanostructured CQD solar cell that enhances broadband absorption
Materialization TradeOffs in Hierarchical Shortest Path Algorithms
Materialization TradeOffs in Hierarchical Shortest Path Algorithms Shashi Shekhar, Andrew Fetterer] form the kernel of many important applica tions including transportation; water, electric, and gas utilities; telephone networks; urban management; sewer maintenance, and irrigation canal man agement
Shekhar, Shashi
Method for treating a nuclear process off-gas stream
Disclosed is a method for selectively removing and recovering the noble gas and other gaseous components typically emitted during nuclear process operations. The method is adaptable and useful for treating dissolver off-gas effluents released during reprocessing of spent nuclear fuels whereby to permit radioactive contaminant recovery prior to releasing the remaining off-gases to the atmosphere. Briefly, the method sequentially comprises treating the off-gas stream to preliminarily remove NO.sub.x, hydrogen and carbon-containing organic compounds, and semivolatile fission product metal oxide components therefrom; adsorbing iodine components on silver-exchanged mordenite; removing water vapor carried by said stream by means of a molecular sieve; selectively removing the carbon dioxide components of said off-gas stream by means of a molecular sieve; selectively removing xenon in gas phase by passing said stream through a molecular sieve comprising silver-exchanged mordenite; selectively separating krypton from oxygen by means of a molecular sieve comprising silver-exchanged mordenite; selectively separating krypton from the bulk nitrogen stream using a molecular sieve comprising silver-exchanged mordenite cooled to about -140.degree. to -160.degree. C.; concentrating the desorbed krypton upon a molecular sieve comprising silver-exchange mordenite cooled to about -140.degree. to -160.degree. C.; and further cryogenically concentrating, and the recovering for storage, the desorbed krypton.
Pence, Dallas T. (San Diego, CA); Chou, Chun-Chao (San Diego, CA)
Bowhead whale springtime song off West Greenland Kathleen M. Stafford
Bowhead whale springtime song off West Greenland Kathleen M. Stafford Applied Physics Laboratory 98105 and Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Box 570, DK-3900 Nuuk, Greenland M. P. Heide-J�rgensen Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Box 570, DK-3900 Nuuk, Greenland Received 13 February 2008
Laidre, Kristin L.
Off-grid Energy in Rural India: Policy Recommendations for
. Lacayo Advisor: Prof. Denise Mauzerall WWS Undergraduate Task Force: Energy for Sustainable DevelopmentLacayo 1 Off-grid Energy in Rural India: Policy Recommendations for Effective UN Projects Antonio I Abstract Rural areas in developing countries suffer significantly from energy scarcity, forcing people
Mauzerall, Denise
SPECIAL OFFER Conservation Science Trade-offs in Conservation
SPECIAL OFFER Conservation Science Trade-offs in Conservation Deciding What to Save NIGEL LEADER that surround making decisions about which species and biogeographic areas to prioritise for conservation of the Conservation Science and Practice book series Also available online. For further information, visit: www
INFORMATION QUALITY: HOW GOOD ARE OFF-THE-SHELF DBMS? Felix Naumann Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin: Commercial database management systems (DBMS) have come a long way with re- spect to efficiency and more to store large amounts of data and intuitive query languages to ac- cess the data; popular DBMS also
Weske, Mathias
Pooled Energy Budgets: Resituating Human Energy Allocation Trade-offs
be framed in terms of an energetic puzzle. Given the ba- sic life-history assumption that the energyPooled Energy Budgets: Resituating Human Energy Allocation Trade-offs KAREN L. KRAMER AND PETER T assume that energy expended in activity (foraging effort) is proportional to body size, and that energy
Kramer, Karen L.
CURRENT NEWS Sandwich Solar Cells May See Off Silicon
CURRENT NEWS Sandwich Solar Cells May See Off Silicon May 24, 2010 A new manufacturing technique of devices using GaAs chips manufactured in multilayer stacks: light sensors, high-speed transistors and solar cells. The authors also provide a detailed cost comparison. Another advantage of the multilayer
Rogers, John A.
Control of Refrigeration Systems for Trade-off between Energy
Control of Refrigeration Systems for Trade-off between Energy Consumption and Food Quality Loss Ph and Technology (DMST) under Grant: 2002-603/4001-93. CMBC consists of seven industrial companies, three academic of the three academic partners in the center. The refrigeration research activities within CMBC were initiated
Skogestad, Sigurd
High-level waste vitrification off-gas cleanup technology
This brief overview is intended to be a basis for discussion of needs and problems existing in the off-gas clean-up technology. A variety of types of waste form and processes are being developed in the United States and abroad. A description of many of the processes can be found in the Technical Alternative Documents (TAD). Concurrently, off-gas processing systems are being developed with most of the processes. An extensive review of methodology as well as decontamination factors can be found in the literature. Since it is generally agreed that the most advanced solidification process is vitrification, discussion here centers about the off-gas problems related to vitrification. With a number of waste soldification facilities around the world in operation, it can be shown that present technology can satisfy the present requirement for off-gas control. However, a number of areas within the technology base show potential for improvement. Fundamental as well as verification studies are needed to obtain the improvements.
Hanson, M.S.
Office for Off Campus Living Program Housing Safety Checklist
: stable with handrail Porch: railing is over 3 ft. from ground No lead paint if children under the age, electricity, and gas must be on at all times except during actual repair Transportation Driveway, off street included? Stove & oven clean and in good repair? Turn on stove do all burners work? Garbage disposal run
Mahon, Bradford Z.
Will smart pricing finally take off? Andrew Odlyzko
central business districts and "smart" electric meter deployments are spreading. Airlines are evenWill smart pricing finally take off? Andrew Odlyzko School of Mathematics University of Minnesota Abstract. "Smart pricing" has been the goal of the networking research com- munity
Odlyzko, Andrew M.
Kick-Off Meeting for New Fuel Cell Projects
Requirements · Hydrogen Safety Plan due 90 days after award signed by Contracting Officer · Annual ProgressKick-Off Meeting for New Fuel Cell Projects David Peterson U.S. Department of Energy Golden Field management in support of EERE HQ Programs · Responsible for managing cost/schedule/technical progress
Phonon Mediated Off-Resonant Quantum Dot-Cavity Coupling
A theoretical model for the phonon-mediated off-resonant coupling between a quantum dot and a cavity, under resonant excitation of the quantum dot, is presented. We show that the coupling is caused by electron-phonon interaction in the quantum dot and is enhanced by the cavity. We analyze recently observed resonant quantum dot spectroscopic data by our theoretical model.
Arka Majumdar; Yiyang Gong; Erik D. Kim; Jelena Vuckovic
Acknowledging Conservation Trade-Offs and Embracing Complexity
alleviation, biodiversity conservation, and climate- change mitigation; REDD may involve substantial tradeEssay Acknowledging Conservation Trade-Offs and Embracing Complexity PAUL D. HIRSCH, WILLIAM M, U.K. Center for Integrative Conservation Research, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, U
Vermont, University of
ALSEP Thermal Performance at Off-Equator Latitudes
CONFIGURATION 33 THERMAL ANALYSIS 35 4. 1 SOLAR HEATING OF CENTRAL STATION ENCLOSURE AT LUNAR NOON 35 4.2 SOLAR HEATING OF CENTRAL STATION ENCLOSURE AT LUNAR SUNSET 35 DISCUSSION 40 5. 1 MODIFICATIONS TO CENTRAL.6 EFFECT OF OFF-EQUATOR DEPLOYMENT ON PDM PANEL 58 REFERENCES 59 #12;: : t ~ ALSEP Thermal Performance
Rathbun, Julie A.
roommate and neighbor relationships, and develop a sustainable style of living while in TallahasseeSEMINOLES CITYINTHE YOUR GUIDE TO TALLAHASSEE & OFF-CAMPUS LIVING 2013 #12;#12;Seminole Creed and living in the University and beyond. Freedom of Speech and Inquiry I will support academic freedom
McQuade, D. Tyler
Drop Off & Parking Information Photo courtesy of Fowler Museum
KIDSMUSE Drop Off & Parking Information Photo courtesy of Fowler Museum The Fowler Museum-up of campers is available near the Museum. Enter UCLA from Sunset Blvd. at the Westwood Plaza entrance. Take Museum. You must bring your child into the Museum on the first day of camp. The rest of the week you may
Grether, Gregory
Final Scientific/Technical Report: ADVANCED INTEGRATION OF POWER TAKE-OFF IN VIVACE
Vortex Hydro Energy is commercializing a University of Michigan patented MHK device, the VIVACE converter (Vortex Induced Vibration Aquatic Clean Energy). Unlike water turbines, it does not use propeller blades. Rather, river or ocean currents flow around cylinders causing them to move up and down in Flow Induced Motions (FIM). This kinetic energy of the cylinder is then converted to electricity. Importantly, the VIVACE converter is simpler in design and more cost effective than water turbines. This project accelerated the development of the VIVACE technology. Funding from the DOE enabled VHE to accelerate the development in three ways. One was to increase the efficiency of the hydrodynamics of the system. This aided in maximizing the power output for a wide range of water speeds. The second was to design, build, and test an efficient power take-off (PTO) that converted the most power from the VIVACE cylinders into electricity. This effort was necessary because of the nature of power generated using this technology. Although the PTO uses off-the-shelf components, it is specifically tuned to the specific water flow characteristics. The third way the development was accelerated was by testing the improved Beta 1B prototype over a longer period of time in a river. The greatest benefit from the longer open-water testing-period is a better understand of the power generation characteristics of the system as well as the maintenance lifespan of the device. Renewable energy generation is one of today�s most challenging global dilemmas. The energy crisis requires tapping into every source of energy and developing every technology that can generate energy at a competitive cost within the next 50 years. Development of VIVACE will bolster domestic energy security and mitigate global climate change. There are numerous commercial and military applications for a fully developed system, which could generate clean/renewable energy from small scale (1-5kW) to medium scale (500kW) to large scale (100MW). Applications span from small portable devices, to direct water pumping for irrigation, direct pumping for desalination, off-shore stations, idle ships, coastal naval bases, coastal communities, and utility companies. Large areas with no natural resources such as the Caribbean or the Polynesia, sparsely populated areas like Alaska, long slow flows like the Netherlands channels, areas that need desalinated water, need VIVACE as a reliable and environmentally compatible technology to generate MHK Power.
Simiao, Gustavo
USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-18. 2001. 193 1Silviculturist, Peaks Ranger District,
. The original population of Merriam elk (Cervus elaphus merriami) went extinct during the period of market with fencing. This required construction of over 20 miles of fence. Over the years, several different designs
SWIFT GRB GRB071010B: OUTLIER OF THE E {sup src} {sub peak} - E {sub gamma} AND E {sub iso} - E {sup src} {sub peak} - t {sup src} {sub jet} CORRELATIONS
We present multi-band results for GRB071010B based on Swift, Suzaku, and ground-based optical observations. This burst is an ideal target to evaluate the robustness of the E{sup src}{sub peak} - E{sub iso} and E{sup src}{sub peak} - E {sub gamma} relations, whose studies have been in stagnation due to the lack of the combined estimation of E{sup src} {sub peak} and long-term optical monitoring. The joint prompt spectral fitting using Swift/Burst Alert Telescope and Suzaku/Wide-band All-sky Monitor data yielded the spectral peak energy as E {sup src} {sub peak} of 86.5{sup +6.4} {sub -6.3} keV and E {sub iso} of 2.25{sup +0.19} {sub -0.16} x 10{sup 52} erg with z = 0.947. The optical afterglow light curve is well fitted by a simple power law with temporal index alpha = -0.60 +- 0.02. The lower limit of temporal break in the optical light curve is 9.8 days. Our multi-wavelength analysis reveals that GRB071010B follows E{sup src}{sub peak} - E{sub iso} but violates the E{sup src}{sub peak} - E{sub gamma} and E{sub iso} - E {sup src}{sub peak} - t {sup src}{sub jet} at more than the 3sigma level.
Urata, Yuji; Lee, Induk; Ip, Wing Huen [Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, Chung-Li 32054, Taiwan (China); Huang, Kuiyun [Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Taipei 106, Taiwan (China); Im, Myungshin [Center for the Exploration of the Origin of the Universe, Department of Physics and Astronomy, FPRD, Seoul National University, Shillim-dong, San 56-1, Kwanak-gu, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Deng Jinsong; Liping Xin; Qiu Yulei; Wei Jianyan; Zheng Weikang [National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012 (China); Krimm, Hans [NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States); Ohno, Masanori [Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8510 (Japan); Sugita, Satoshi [Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 (Japan); Tashiro, Makoto [Department of Physics, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo, Saitama, 338-8570 (Japan); Yamaoka, Kazutaka, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1, Fuchinobe, Sayamihara 229-8558 (Japan)
Off-Center Mergers of Clusters of Galaxies and Nonequipartition of Electrons and Ions in Intracluster Medium
We investigate the dynamical evolution of clusters of galaxies and their observational consequences during off-center mergers, explicitly considering the relaxation process between ions and electrons in intracluster medium by N-body and hydrodynamical simulations. In the contracting phase a bow shock is formed between the two subclusters. The observed temperature between two peaks in this phase depends on the viewing angle even if the geometry of the system seems to be very simple like head-on collisions. Around the most contracting epoch, when we observe merging clusters nearly along the collision axis, they look like spherical relaxed clusters with large temperature gradients. In the expanding phase, spiral bow shocks occur. As in head-on mergers, the electron temperature is significantly lower than the plasma mean one especially in the post-shock regions in the expanding phase. When the systems have relatively large angular momentum, double-peak structures in the X-ray images can survive even after the most contracting epoch. Morphological features in both X-ray images and electron temperature distribution characteristic to off-center mergers are seriously affected by the viewing angle. When the clusters are observed nearly along the collision axis, the distribution of galaxies' line-of-sight (LOS) velocities is a good indicator of mergers. In the contracting phase, an negative kurtosis and a large skewness are expected for nearly equal mass collisions and rather different mass ones, respectively. To obtain statistically significant results, about 1000 galaxies' LOS velocities are required. For nearby clusters ($z<0.05$), large redshift surveys such as 2dF will enable us to study merger dynamics.
Motokazu Takizawa
Evaluating Electric Vehicle Charging Impacts and Customer Charging...
The report also examines when consumers want to recharge vehicles, and to what extent pricing and incentives can encourage consumers to charge during off-peak periods. Evaluating...
Evaluating the DSM Potential for Industrial Electrotechnologies and Management Practices
-peak periods and the non-electric drive is used during peak periods. 3. Schedule planned maintenance turnarounds to coincide with periods of maximum grid load. 4. Industrial cold storage. 5. Modulate plant production rates so that the maximum rate... is used during off-peak periods and the non-electric drive is used during peak periods. Schedule planned maintenance turnarounds to coincide with periods of maximum grid load. Industrial cold storage. Modulate plant production rates so that the maximum...
Harrell, P. J.; Pavone, A.
Variable-Period Undulators For Synchrotron Radiation
A new and improved undulator design is provided that enables a variable period length for the production of synchrotron radiation from both medium-energy and high-energy storage rings. The variable period length is achieved using a staggered array of pole pieces made up of high permeability material, permanent magnet material, or an electromagnetic structure. The pole pieces are separated by a variable width space. The sum of the variable width space and the pole width would therefore define the period of the undulator. Features and advantages of the invention include broad photon energy tunability, constant power operation and constant brilliance operation.
Shenoy, Gopal (Naperville, IL); Lewellen, John (Plainfield, IL); Shu, Deming (Darien, IL); Vinokurov, Nikolai (Novosibirsk, RU)
Variable-Period Undulators for Synchrotron Radiation
A new and improved undulator design is provided that enables a variable period length for the production of synchrotron radiation from both medium-energy and high energy storage rings. The variable period length is achieved using a staggered array of pole pieces made up of high permeability material, permanent magnet material, or an electromagnetic structure. The pole pieces are separated by a variable width space. The sum of the variable width space and the pole width would therefore define the period of the undulator. Features and advantages of the invention include broad photon energy tunability, constant power operation and constant brilliance operation.
Shenoy, Gopal; Lewellen, John; Shu, Deming; Vinokurov, Nikolai
ABSTRACT: The paper deals with the historical development of Rasasastra in Medieval period. Knowledge of Rasa has been in existence from the time immemorial. Exploration of natural resources for the benefit of human beings is the object of this therapy. It is a medical science recognized during vedic periods for the betterment of even Devas. Medieval period can be treated as a golden age for the development of this science. Looking at its aim and objects, methodology and therapeutics, it was recognized as a medical science with an independent philosophical background in 14 th century, by Madhavacharya in his Sarva Darsana Samgraha.
Harishankar Sharma
Flexible Coal: An Example Evolution from Baseload to Peaking Plant (Presentation)
Cochran, J.
Abstract--This paper formulates and develops a peak demand control tool for electric systems within the framework of direct
techniques. Index Terms--Demand Side Management, direct load control, peak demand control, genetic algorithms in order to evaluate the suitability of the decision chosen. The Demand Side Management (DSM) plans attempt for central air conditioning systems in commercial buildings, hence allowing a measured control of peak demand
Catholic University of Chile (Universidad Católica de Chile)
techniques. Index Terms--Demand Side Management, direct load control, peak demand control, genetic algorithms in order to evaluate the suitability of the decision chosen. Demand Side Management (DSM) plans attempt for central air conditioning systems in commercial buildings, hence allowing a measured control of peak demand
Imminence of peak in US coal production and overestimation of reserves Nathan G.F. Reaver a
Imminence of peak in US coal production and overestimation of reserves Nathan G.F. Reaver online 6 June 2014 Keywords: Logistic model Coal reserve Coal production forecast Peak coal USA energy Non-linear fitting Coal is the bulwark of US energy production making up about a third of all energy
Khare, Sanjay V.
An Energy and Peak Loads Analysis of the TYC/TRC Building � Final Report
the alternatives reduced energy consumption of the building. The ASHRAE and California standards had a reductions of more than 38% and 44%, respectively. iii iv TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER Page SUMMARY ii ABSTRACT iii TABLE OF CONTENTS iv I INTRODUCTION 1 II... using the DOE 2.IB building energy simulation program [4]. The program simulates hourly loads profiles and hourly system performance of HVAC equipment in the building. It also has a provision to output various data, such as, peak loads for each zone...
Katipamula, S.; O'Neal, D. L.
Peak Power Reduction Strategies for the Lighting Systems in Government Buildings
PEAK POWER REDUCTION STRATEGIES FOT THE LIGHTING SYSTEMS IN GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS Dina AlNakib CLEP, Dr. Ahmad Al-Mulla CEM, Gopal Maheshwari Department of Building and Energy Technologies Environment and Urban Development Division Kuwait... begins at 7:30 h and ends between 14:00 and 15:30 h. Lighting systems in MC building comprise mostly of T12 fluorescent tubes with magnetic ballasts, compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) and incandescent lamps with a total connected load of 2,900 k...
Al-Nakib, D.; Al-Mulla, A. A.; Maheshwari, G. P.
Abraham H. Maslow's "peak experiences": an analytical paradigm for studying some poems of Theodore Roethke
that wi I I be seen in other poems containing peak-experiences. Came to lakes; came to dead water Ponds with moss and leaves floating, Planks sunk in the sand. The poet is not interested in the scene yet. "Came to" sounds like a dry journal entry... of the frog being kissed so that he becomes a prince. The deadness and beigeness of early morning in Section I also show the light slowly coming on the scene Came to lakes; came to dead water Ponds with moss and leaves floating, Planks sunk in the sand...
Taylor, Mary Katherine
Synchrotron Self-Absorption Process in GRBs and the Isotropic Energy - Peak Energy Fundamental Relation
The existence of strong correlation between the peak luminosity (and/or bolometric energetics) of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRB) is one of the most intrigue problem of GRB physics. This correlation is not yet understood. Here we demonstrate that this correlation can be explained in framework of synchrotron self-absorption (SSA) mechanism of GRB prompt emission. We estimate the magnetic field strength of the central engine at the level $B\\sim 10^{14} (10^3/\\Gamma)^3 (1+z)^2$, where $\\Gamma$ is the Lorentz factor of fireball.
M. Yu. Piotrovich; Yu. N. Gnedin; T. M. Natsvlishvili
Reaching the Peak of the Quasar Spectral Energy Distribution I: Observations and Models
We perform a spectral analysis of a sample of 11 medium redshift (1.5 energy-conserving, three component accretion model of the broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) to our multi-wavelength data. Five out of the 11 quasars show evidence of an SED peak, allowing us to constrain their bolometric luminosity from these models and estimate their mass accretion rates. Based on our limited sample, we suggest that estimating bolometric luminosities from L_5100A and L_2-10keV may be unreliable, as has been also noted for a low-redshift, X-ray selected AGN sample.
Collinson, James S; Done, Chris; Landt, Hermine; Elvis, Martin; McDowell, Jonathan C
Core Analysis At Desert Peak Area (Laney, 2005) | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of InspectorConcentratingRenewable Solutions LLC Jump to:Information NewAdvisors Jump to: ExplorationPeak
Soil Sampling At Silver Peak Area (Henkle, Et Al., 2005) | Open Energy
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia:FAQ < RAPID Jump to:Seadov Pty Ltd Jump to:Information Silver Peak Area (Henkle, Et Al., 2005) Jump to:
Rock Density At Silver Peak Area (DOE GTP) | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia:FAQ < RAPID Jump to: navigation, searchVirginia BlueRiverwoods, Illinois:239178°,is a927003°,At Silver Peak
Density Log at Silver Peak Area (DOE GTP) | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 No revision has beenFfe2fb55-352f-473b-a2dd-50ae8b27f0a6 No revision has beenFinancialSilver Peak Area (DOE GTP) Jump
Development Wells At Silver Peak Area (DOE GTP) | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 No revision has beenFfe2fb55-352f-473b-a2dd-50ae8b27f0a6 No revision has Type Term TitleSilver Peak Area (DOE GTP)
Single-machine scheduling with periodic and exible periodic maintenance to minimize maximum tardiness
periods often appear in industry due to a machine breakdown (stochastic) or preventive maintenance of machine unavailability. However, in some cases (e.g. preventive maintenance), the maintenance of a machineSingle-machine scheduling with periodic and exible periodic maintenance to minimize maximum
Analytical homogenization method for periodic composite materials
We present an easy-to-implement technique for determining the effective properties of composite materials with periodic microstructures, as well as the field distributions in them. Our method is based on the transformation ...
Chen, Ying
Impact of Motor Failures on Payback Periods
This paper uses MotorMaster and Vaughen's Complete Price Guide to determine payback periods for different motor failure scenarios. Some scenarios considered are rewinds, reconditions, and replacement of bearings. Prices for these repairs...
Cheek, K. F.; Pillay, P.; Dudley, K. J.
PARS II Process Document � DOE Period Close
This document details the process adopted by the Office of Acquisition and Project Management to prepare APM DepSec Monthly Status Report, finalize DOE close period package, and perform reporting...
`Green Christmas' Advice There are lots of ways to stay 'green' over the festive period so let's not make our buildings work hard when we're off on holiday! Read these simple tips to find out how. Make leave the building. Don't leave any non-essential items on standby - appliances such as televisions left
Optimizing Inspection Parameters for Long Stand-Off Detection of SNM
Detection of special nuclear material (SNM) at extended ranges (>100 m) through the utilization of high energy (>20 MeV) bremsstrahlung photons requires optimizing the structure and interrelation of irradiation (beam-on) and detection (counting) periods. Conventional inspection schemes at lower energies and smaller distances primarily operate by pulsing an accelerator at frequencies of 0.1-1 kHz while collecting emitted radiation from the target under inspection for the few milliseconds in between pulses. Simulation and experimental results for long stand-off scenarios with source photons >20 MeV, however, indicate that two primary phenomena--(1) induced photoneutrons in proximity to the accelerator and (2) beam induced activation of air and soil--preclude the use of conventional inspection schemes. By considering the time structure and magnitude of the beam-induced photon and neutron backgrounds, signals of interest from the target, and natural backgrounds, inspection schemes have been developed to maximize signal to noise ratios (SNR). Analysis of the data indicates that the highest SNR values are found with short (2-5 s) irradiations followed by a 1-2 s period of collecting emitted neutron and photon signatures.
Johnson, Erik; Blackburn, Brandon; Hynes, Michael [Raytheon Integrated Defense Systems, 50 Apple Hill Drive, Tewksbury, MA 01876 (United States); Hausladen, Paul [Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 (United States)
THE VELOCITY CENTROID PERIODICITY OF L2 PUPPIS' SiO MASER EMISSION
We report the first short term velocity centroid (VC) periodicity derived from SiO maser emission. L2 Puppis, a semi-regular AGB star, was observed using the Mopra radio telescope of the Australia Telescope National Facility in the SiO v = 1, J = 1-0 and v = 1, J = 2-1 transitions. It exhibits a 139 day period in its SiO maser VC based on a period folding analysis and a Lomb Scargle analysis. L2 Pup's SiO maser emission has an unusually large velocity range and an unusual three-peaked spectrum. To create the change in VC the entire spectrum does not shift in velocity, but changes in the relative emission of the peaks generate the variation. The changes in the VC may be due to differential illumination, an asymmetric circumstellar distribution of material, or a mixture of causes. The unusual velocity structure, similar to that observed in Orion source 1, may be due to revolution of the circumstellar material or asymmetries in the circumstellar environment.
McIntosh, Gordon C. [Division of Science and Mathematics, University of Minnesota, Morris, Morris, MN 56267 (United States); Indermuehle, Balthasar [Australia Telescope National Facility, Locked Bag 194, Narrabri, NSW 2390 (Australia)
Effects of coordination and pressure on sound attenuation, boson peak and elasticity in amorphous solids
Connectedness and applied stress strongly affect elasticity in solids. In various amorphous solids, mechanical stability can be lost either by reducing connectedness or by increasing pressure. We present an effective medium theory of elasticity that extends previous approaches by incorporating the effect of compression, of amplitude $e$, allowing one to describe quantitative features of sound propagation, transport, the boson peak, and elastic moduli near the elastic instability occurring at a compression $e_c$. The theory disentangles several frequencies characterizing the vibrational spectrum: the onset frequency $\\omega_0\\sim \\sqrt{e_c-e}$ where strongly-scattered modes appear in the vibrational spectrum, the pressure-independent frequency $\\omega_*$ where the density of states displays a plateau, the boson peak frequency $\\omega_{BP}$, and the Ioffe-Regel frequency $\\omega_{IR}$ where scattering length and wavelength become equal. We predict that sound attenuation crosses over from $\\omega^4$ to $\\omega^2$ behaviour at $\\omega_0$. We predict that a frequency-dependent length scale $l_s(\\omega)$ and speed of sound $\
Eric DeGiuli; Adrien Laversanne-Finot; Gustavo D�ring; Edan Lerner; Matthieu Wyart
Analysis of the need for intermediate and peaking technologies in the year 2000
This analysis was conducted to assess the impact of load management on the future need for intermediate- and peak-generating technologies (IPTs) such as combustion turbines, pumped storage, and cycling coal plants. There will be a reduced need for IPTs if load-management activities such as time-of-use pricing, together with customer-owned energy-storage devices, hot-water-heater controls, and interruptible service, can economically remove most of the variation from electric-power demands. Therefore, the analysis assesses the need for IPTs in an uncertain future, which will probably include load management and time-differentiated electricity prices. Section 2 provides a condensed description of the models used in the analysis. (Details and data sets are contained in the appendixes.) Results of sensitivities on growth rates, model parameters, and appliance saturations are discussed in Section 3, which also contains the analysis of the potential impacts of customer energy storage, appliance control, and time-of-use pricing. The future need for intermediate and peaking technologies is analyzed in Section 4.
Barrager, S.M.; Campbell, G.L.
Photoisomerization for a model protonated Schiff base in solution: Sloped/peaked conical intersection perspective
The topographical character of conical intersections (CIs)-either sloped or peaked-has played a fundamental and important role in the discussion of the efficiency of CIs as photochemical 'funnels.' Here this perspective is employed in connection with a recent study of a model protonated Schiff base (PSB) cis to trans photoisomerization in solution [Malhado et al., J. Phys. Chem. A 115, 3720 (2011)]. In that study, the calculated reduced photochemical quantum yield for the successful production of trans product versus cis reactant in acetonitrile solvent compared to water was interpreted in terms of a dynamical solvent effect related to the dominance, for the acetonitrile case, of S{sub 1} to S{sub 0} nonadiabatic transitions prior to the reaching the seam of CIs. The solvent influence on the quantum yield is here re-examined in the sloped/peaked CI topographical perspective via conversion of the model's two PSB internal coordinates and a nonequilibrium solvent coordinate into an effective branching space description, which is then used to re-analyze the generalized Langevin equation/surface hopping results. The present study supports the original interpretation and enriches it in terms of topographical detail.
Malhado, Joao Pedro [Instituto de Fisica, Universidade de Sao Paulo, CP 66318, 05314-970 Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Hynes, James T. [Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215 (United States); Chemistry Department, Ecole Normale Superieure, UMR ENS-CNRS-UPMC 8640, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris (France)
Energy-Dependent Gamma-Ray Burst Peak Durations and Blast-Wave Deceleration
Temporal analyses of the prompt gamma-ray and X-ray light curves of gamma-ray bursts reveal a tendency for the burst pulse time scales to increase with decreasing energy. For an ensemble of BATSE bursts, Fenimore et al. (1995) show that the energy dependence of burst peak durations can be represented by $\\Delta t \\propto E^{-\\gamma}$ with $\\gamma \\simeq 0.4$--0.45. This power-law dependence has led to the suggestion that this effect is due to radiative processes, most notably synchrotron cooling of the non-thermal particles which produce the radiation. Here we show that a similar power-law dependence occurs, under certain assumptions, in the context of the blast-wave model and is a consequence of the deceleration of the blast-wave. This effect will obtain whether or not synchrotron cooling is important, but different degrees of cooling will cause variations in the energy dependence of the peak durations.
James Chiang
Off-shell Bethe vectors and Drinfeld currents
In this paper we compare two constructions of weight functions (off-shell Bethe vectors) for the quantum affine algebra $U_q(\\hat{\\mathfrak{gl}}_N)$. The first construction comes from the algebraic nested Bethe ansatz. The second one is defined in terms of certain projections of products of Drinfeld currents. We show that two constructions give the same result in tensor products of vector representations of $U_q(\\hat{\\mathfrak{gl}}_N)$.
Sergey Khoroshkin; Stanislav Pakuliak; Vitaly Tarasov
Wilson lines and gauge invariant off-shell amplitudes
We study matrix elements of Fourier-transformed straight infinite Wilson lines as a way to calculate gauge invariant tree-level amplitudes with off-shell gluons. The off-shell gluons are assigned "polarization vectors" which (in the Feynman gauge) are transverse to their off-shell momenta and define the direction of the corresponding Wilson line operators. The infinite Wilson lines are first regularized to prove the correctness of the method. We have implemented the method in a computer FORM program that can calculate gluonic matrix elements of Wilson line operators automatically. In addition we formulate the Feynman rules that are convenient in certain applications, e.g. proving the Ward identities. Using both the program and the Feynman rules we calculate a few examples, in particular the matrix elements corresponding to gauge invariant $g^{*}g^{*}g^{*}g$ and $g^{*}g^{*}g^{*}g^{*}g$ processes. An immediate application of the approach is in the high energy scattering, as in a special kinematic setup our results reduce to the form directly related to Lipatov's vertices. Thus the results we present can be directly transformed into Lipatov's vertices, in particular into $RRRP$ and $RRRRP$ vertices with arbitrary "orientation" of reggeized gluons. Since the formulation itself is not restricted to high-energy scattering, we also apply the method to a decomposition of an ordinary on-shell amplitude into a set of gauge invariant objects.
Off-shell supersymmetry and filtered Clifford supermodules
An off-shell representation of supersymmetry is a representation of the super Poincare algebra on a dynamically unconstrained space of fields. We describe such representations formally, in terms of the fields and their spacetime derivatives, and we interpret the physical concept of engineering dimension as an integral grading. We prove that formal graded off-shell representations of one-dimensional N-extended supersymmetry, i.e., the super Poincare algebra p^{1|N}, correspond to filtered Clifford supermodules over Cl(N). We also prove that formal graded off-shell representations of two-dimensional (p,q)-supersymmetry, i.e., the super Poincare algebra p^{1,1|p,q}, correspond to bifiltered Clifford supermodules over Cl(p+q). Our primary tools are the formal deformations of filtered superalgebras and supermodules, which give a one-to-one correspondence between filtered spaces and graded spaces with even degree-shifting injections. This generalizes the machinery developed by Gerstenhaber to prove that every filtered algebra is a deformation of its associated graded algebra. Our treatment extends Gerstenhaber's discussion to the case of filtrations which are compatible with a supersymmetric structure, as well as to filtered modules in addition to filtered algebras. We also describe the analogous constructions for bifiltrations and bigradings.
Charles F. Doran; Michael G. Faux; S. James Gates, Jr.; Tristan Hubsch; Kevin M. Iga; Gregory D. Landweber
A Fresh Look at Weather Impact on Peak Electricity Demand and Energy Use of Buildings Using 30-Year Actual Weather Data
Buildings consume more than one third of the world?s total primary energy. Weather plays a unique and significant role as it directly affects the thermal loads and thus energy performance of buildings. The traditional simulated energy performance using Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) weather data represents the building performance for a typical year, but not necessarily the average or typical long-term performance as buildings with different energy systems and designs respond differently to weather changes. Furthermore, the single-year TMY simulations do not provide a range of results that capture yearly variations due to changing weather, which is important for building energy management, and for performing risk assessments of energy efficiency investments. This paper employs large-scale building simulation (a total of 3162 runs) to study the weather impact on peak electricity demand and energy use with the 30-year (1980 to 2009) Actual Meteorological Year (AMY) weather data for three types of office buildings at two design efficiency levels, across all 17 ASHRAE climate zones. The simulated results using the AMY data are compared to those from the TMY3 data to determine and analyze the differences. Besides further demonstration, as done by other studies, that actual weather has a significant impact on both the peak electricity demand and energy use of buildings, the main findings from the current study include: 1) annual weather variation has a greater impact on the peak electricity demand than it does on energy use in buildings; 2) the simulated energy use using the TMY3 weather data is not necessarily representative of the average energy use over a long period, and the TMY3 results can be significantly higher or lower than those from the AMY data; 3) the weather impact is greater for buildings in colder climates than warmer climates; 4) the weather impact on the medium-sized office building was the greatest, followed by the large office and then the small office; and 5) simulated energy savings and peak demand reduction by energy conservation measures using the TMY3 weather data can be significantly underestimated or overestimated. It is crucial to run multi-decade simulations with AMY weather data to fully assess the impact of weather on the long-term performance of buildings, and to evaluate the energy savings potential of energy conservation measures for new and existing buildings from a life cycle perspective.
Hong, Tianzhen; Chang, Wen-Kuei; Lin, Hung-Wen
Periodic subsystem density-functional theory
By partitioning the electron density into subsystem contributions, the Frozen Density Embedding (FDE) formulation of subsystem Density Functional Theory (DFT) has recently emerged as a powerful tool for reducing the computational scaling of Kohn�Sham DFT. To date, however, FDE has been employed to molecular systems only. Periodic systems, such as metals, semiconductors, and other crystalline solids have been outside the applicability of FDE, mostly because of the lack of a periodic FDE implementation. To fill this gap, in this work we aim at extending FDE to treat subsystems of molecular and periodic character. This goal is achieved by a dual approach. On one side, the development of a theoretical framework for periodic subsystem DFT. On the other, the realization of the method into a parallel computer code. We find that periodic FDE is capable of reproducing total electron densities and (to a lesser extent) also interaction energies of molecular systems weakly interacting with metallic surfaces. In the pilot calculations considered, we find that FDE fails in those cases where there is appreciable density overlap between the subsystems. Conversely, we find FDE to be in semiquantitative agreement with Kohn�Sham DFT when the inter-subsystem density overlap is low. We also conclude that to make FDE a suitable method for describing molecular adsorption at surfaces, kinetic energy density functionals that go beyond the GGA level must be employed.
Genova, Alessandro; Pavanello, Michele, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102 (United States); Ceresoli, Davide [Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102 (United States); CNR-ISTM, Institute of Molecular Sciences and Technologies, Milano (Italy)
Storms exploding off the surface of the sun can wreak havoc on technologies like satellites, phones, GPS, and electrical power grids. As society's dependence on these technologies grows, so does our vulnerability to changes on the Sun and in space.
Storms exploding off the surface of the sun can wreak havoc on technologies like satellites, phones vulnerability to changes on the Sun and in space. For example, GPS is present in almost all aspects of our is expected to total $75 billion by 2013. Meanwhile, the Sun is approaching a heightened period of activity
Building load analysis of dispatchable peak-shaving photovoltaic systems: A regional analysis of technical and economic potential
Roof-mounted photovoltaic (PV) systems, including a modest amount of battery storage, can provide firm peak-demand reductions for commercial buildings. The cost-effectiveness of a dispatchable peak-shaving PV system is determined by the demand reduction, which is a function of the solar resource and the building`s load profile, and electric utility rates. The analysis presented in this paper identifies building types and regions, from a database of eleven electric utility service territories distributed throughout the country, for which the economics of dispatchable peak-shaving PV are most favorable.
Byrne, J.; Letendre, S.; Wang, Y.D. [Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States). Center for Energy and Environmental Policy; Nigro, R. [Applied Energy Group, Hockessin, DE (United States); Ferguson, B. [Delmarva Power and Light, Wilmington, DE (United States)
{beta}-delayed neutron emission measurements around the third r-process abundance peak
This contribution summarizes an experiment performed at GSI (Germany) in the neutron-rich region beyond N=126. The aim of this measurement is to provide the nuclear physics input of relevance for r-process model calculations, aiming at a better understanding of the third r-process abundance peak. Many exotic nuclei were measured around {sup 211}Hg and {sup 215}Tl. Final ion identification diagrams are given in this contribution. For most of them, we expect to derive halflives and and {beta}-delayed neutron emission probabilities. The detectors used in this experiment were the Silicon IMplantation and Beta Absorber (SIMBA) detector, based on an array of highly segmented silicon detectors, and the BEta deLayEd Neutron (BELEN) detector, which consisted of 30 3He counters embedded in a polyethylene matrix.
Caballero-Folch, R.; Cortes, G.; Calvino, F.; Gomez-Hornillos, M. B.; Riego, A. [INTE-DFEN, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Barcelona (Spain); Domingo-Pardo, C.; Tain, J. L.; Agramunt, J.; Rubio, B. [IFIC, CSIC-University of Valencia, Valencia (Spain); Algora, A. [IFIC, CSIC-University of Valencia, Valencia (Spain) and Inst. Nucl. Research, Debrecen (Hungary); Ameil, F.; Farinon, F.; Heil, M.; Knoebel, R.; Kojouharov, I.; Kurcewicz, J.; Kurz, N.; Litvinov, Y.; Mukha, I.; Nociforo, C. [GSI, Darmstadt (Germany); and others
Method and device for remotely monitoring an area using a low peak power optical pump
A method and device for remotely monitoring an area using a low peak power optical pump comprising one or more pumping sources, one or more lasers; and an optical response analyzer. Each pumping source creates a pumping energy. The lasers each comprise a high reflectivity mirror, a laser media, an output coupler, and an output lens. Each laser media is made of a material that emits a lasing power when exposed to pumping energy. Each laser media is optically connected to and positioned between a corresponding high reflectivity mirror and output coupler along a pumping axis. Each output coupler is optically connected to a corresponding output lens along the pumping axis. The high reflectivity mirror of each laser is optically connected to an optical pumping source from the one or more optical pumping sources via an optical connection comprising one or more first optical fibers.
Woodruff, Steven D.; Mcintyre, Dustin L.; Jain, Jinesh C.
Peaks and Troughs in Helioseismology: The Power Spectrum of Solar Oscillations
I present a matched-wave asymptotic analysis of the driving of solar oscillations by a general localised source. The analysis provides a simple mathematical description of the asymmetric peaks in the power spectrum in terms of the relative locations of eigenmodes and troughs in the spectral response. It is suggested that the difference in measured phase function between the modes and the troughs in the spectrum will provide a key diagnostic of the source of the oscillations. I also suggest a form for the asymmetric line profiles to be used in the fitting of solar power spectra. Finally I present a comparison between the numerical and asymptotic descriptions of the oscillations. The numerical results bear out the qualitative features suggested by the asymptotic analysis but suggest that numerical calculations of the locations of the troughs will be necessary for a quantitative comparison with the observations.
Colin S. Rosenthal
Observation, modeling, and temperature dependence of doubly peaked electric fields in irradiated silicon pixel sensors
We show that doubly peaked electric fields are necessary to describe grazing-angle charge collection measurements of irradiated silicon pixel sensors. A model of irradiated silicon based upon two defect levels with opposite charge states and the trapping of charge carriers can be tuned to produce a good description of the measured charge collection profiles in the fluence range from 0.5x10^{14} Neq/cm^2 to 5.9x10^{14} Neq/cm^2. The model correctly predicts the variation in the profiles as the temperature is changed from -10C to -25C. The measured charge collection profiles are inconsistent with the linearly-varying electric fields predicted by the usual description based upon a uniform effective doping density. This observation calls into question the practice of using effective doping densities to characterize irradiated silicon.
M. Swartz; V. Chiochia; Y. Allkofer; D. Bortoletto; L. Cremaldi; S. Cucciarelli; A. Dorokhov; C. Hoermann; D. Kim; M. Konecki; D. Kotlinski; K. Prokofiev; C. Regenfus; T. Rohe; D. A. Sanders; S. Son; T. Speer
Combustion Process in a Spark Ignition Engine: Analysis of Cyclic Maximum Pressure and Peak Pressure Angle
In this paper we analyze the cycle-to-cycle variations of maximum pressure $p_{max}$ and peak pressure angle $\\alpha_{pmax}$ in a four-cylinder spark ignition engine. We examine the experimental time series of $p_{max}$ and $\\alpha_{pmax}$ for three different spark advance angles. Using standard statistical techniques such as return maps and histograms we show that depending on the spark advance angle, there are significant differences in the fluctuations of $p_{max}$ and $\\alpha_{pmax}$. We also calculate the multiscale entropy of the various time series to estimate the effect of randomness in these fluctuations. Finally, we explain how the information on both $p_{max}$ and $\\alpha_{pmax}$ can be used to develop optimal strategies for controlling the combustion process and improving engine performance.
G. Litak; T. Kaminski; J. Czarnigowski; A. K. Sen; M. Wendeker
Correlation of atomic packing with the boson peak in amorphous alloys
Boson peaks (BP) have been observed from phonon specific heats in 10 studied amorphous alloys. Two Einstein-type vibration modes were proposed in this work and all data can be fitted well. By measuring and analyzing local atomic structures of studied amorphous alloys and 56 reported amorphous alloys, it is found that (a) the BP originates from local harmonic vibration modes associated with the lengths of short-range order (SRO) and medium-range order (MRO) in amorphous alloys, and (b) the atomic packing in amorphous alloys follows a universal scaling law, i.e., the ratios of SRO and MRO lengths to solvent atomic diameter are 3 and 7, respectively, which exact match with length ratios of BP vibration frequencies to Debye frequency for the studied amorphous alloys. This finding provides a new perspective for atomic packing in amorphous materials, and has significant implications for quantitative description of the local atomic orders and understanding the structure-property relationship.
Yang, W. M. [State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, School of Sciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116 (China); Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201 (China); School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189 (China); Liu, H. S., E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com; Zhao, Y. C. [State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, School of Sciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116 (China); Liu, X. J. [State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083 (China); Chen, G. X.; Man, Q. K.; Chang, C. T.; Li, R. W., E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com [Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201 (China); Dun, C. C. [Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109 (United States); Shen, B. L., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189 (China); Inoue, A. [Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201 (China); WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan); and others
Market Trial: Selling Off-Grid Lighting Products in Rural Kenya
2007) �The Off-Grid Lighting Market in Western Kenya: LEDMills (2008) �Solid-State Lighting on a Shoestring Budget:The Economics of Off-Grid Lighting for Small Business in
Tracy, Jennifer
Small Wind Turbines Taking Off: Q&A with Andy Kruse | Department...
Small Wind Turbines Taking Off: Q&A with Andy Kruse Small Wind Turbines Taking Off: Q&A with Andy Kruse June 9, 2010 - 10:36am Addthis Andy Kruse, senior vice president of...
Direct measurement of backgrounds using reactor-off data in Double Chooz
Double Chooz is unique among modern reactor-based neutrino experiments studying ?�e disappearance in that data can be collected with all reactors off. In this paper, we present data from 7.53 days of reactor-off running. ...
Conrad, Janet
Effect of a nonlinear power take off on a wave energy converter�
This thesis is titled The influence of a nonlinear Power Take Off on a Wave Energy Converter. It looks at the effect that having a nonlinear Power Take Off (PTO) has on an inertial referenced, slack moored, point absorber, ...
Bailey, Helen Louise
Fuel Consumption and NOx Trade-offs on a Port-Fuel-Injected SI...
Consumption and NOx Trade-offs on a Port-Fuel-Injected SI Gasoline Engine Equipped with a Lean-NOx Trap Fuel Consumption and NOx Trade-offs on a Port-Fuel-Injected SI Gasoline...
ADEC II Universal SCR Retrofit System for On-road and Off-road...
ADEC II Universal SCR Retrofit System for On-road and Off-road Diesel Engines ADEC II Universal SCR Retrofit System for On-road and Off-road Diesel Engines Presentation given at...
Periodic Exponential Shear of Complex Fluids
We define a class of flows with exponential kinematics termed Periodic Exponential Shear (PES) flow which involve periodic exponential stretching of fluid elements along with their rotation. We exhibit analytical and numerical results for PES flow by using the Oldroyd-B model for viscoelastic fluids. We calculate the growth in the shear and the normal stresses analytically as well as demonstrate that repeated application of the flow leads to stable oscillatory shear and normal stresses. We define a material function applicable to a periodic, unsteady shear flow and show numerically that this material function exhibits deformation-rate thickening behavior for viscoelastic fluids subject to PES flow. We demonstrate the feasibility of PES flow by presenting preliminary experimental results from a controlled-strain rate rheometer, using a Newtonian mineral oil.
Chirag Kalelkar; Gareth McKinley
Effect of high strain rates on peak stress in a Zr-based bulk metallic glass
The mechanical behavior of Zr{sub 41.25}Ti{sub 13.75}Cu{sub 12.5}Ni{sub 10}Be{sub 22.5} (LM-1) has been extensively characterized under quasistatic loading conditions; however, its mechanical behavior under dynamic loading conditions is currently not well understood. A Split-Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) and a single-stage gas gun are employed to characterize the mechanical behavior of LM-1 in the strain-rate regime of 10{sup 2}-10{sup 5}/s. The SHPB experiments are conducted with a tapered insert design to mitigate the effects of stress concentrations and preferential failure at the specimen-insert interface. The higher strain-rate plate-impact compression-and-shear experiments are conducted by impacting a thick tungsten carbide (WC) flyer plate with a sandwich sample comprising a thin bulk metallic glass specimen between two thicker WC target plates. Specimens employed in the SHPB experiments failed in the gage-section at a peak stress of approximately 1.8 GPa. Specimens in the high strain-rate plate-impact experiments exhibited a flow stress in shear of approximately 0.9 GPa, regardless of the shear strain-rate. The flow stress under the plate-impact conditions was converted to an equivalent flow stress under uniaxial compression by assuming a von Mises-like material behavior and accounting for the plane strain conditions. The results of these experiments, when compared to the previous work conducted at quasistatic loading rates, indicate that the peak stress of LM-1 is essentially strain rate independent over the strain-rate range up to 10{sup 5}/s.
Sunny, George; Yuan Fuping; Prakash, Vikas [Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7222 (United States); Lewandowski, John [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7222 (United States)
Modeling of GE Appliances in GridLAB-D: Peak Demand Reduction
The widespread adoption of demand response enabled appliances and thermostats can result in significant reduction to peak electrical demand and provide potential grid stabilization benefits. GE has developed a line of appliances that will have the capability of offering several levels of demand reduction actions based on information from the utility grid, often in the form of price. However due to a number of factors, including the number of demand response enabled appliances available at any given time, the reduction of diversity factor due to the synchronizing control signal, and the percentage of consumers who may override the utility signal, it can be difficult to predict the aggregate response of a large number of residences. The effects of these behaviors can be modeled and simulated in open-source software, GridLAB-D, including evaluation of appliance controls, improvement to current algorithms, and development of aggregate control methodologies. This report is the first in a series of three reports describing the potential of GE's demand response enabled appliances to provide benefits to the utility grid. The first report will describe the modeling methodology used to represent the GE appliances in the GridLAB-D simulation environment and the estimated potential for peak demand reduction at various deployment levels. The second and third reports will explore the potential of aggregated group actions to positively impact grid stability, including frequency and voltage regulation and spinning reserves, and the impacts on distribution feeder voltage regulation, including mitigation of fluctuations caused by high penetration of photovoltaic distributed generation and the effects on volt-var control schemes.
Fuller, Jason C.; Vyakaranam, Bharat GNVSR; Prakash Kumar, Nirupama; Leistritz, Sean M.; Parker, Graham B.
The low-energy spectral slopes of the prompt emission of most gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are difficult to reconcile with radiatively efficient optically thin emission models irrespective of the radiation mechanism. An alternative is to ascribe the radiation around the spectral peak to a thermalization process occurring well inside the Thomson photosphere. This quasi-thermal spectrum can evolve into the observed non-thermal shape by additional energy release at moderate to small Thomson optical depths, which can readily give rise to the hard spectral tail. The position of the spectral peak is determined by the temperature and Lorentz factor of the flow in the thermalization zone, where the total number of photons carried by the jet is established. To reach thermalization, dissipation alone is not sufficient and photon generation requires an efficient emission/absorption process in addition to scattering. We perform a systematic study of all relevant photon production mechanisms searching for possible conditions in which thermalization can take place. We find that a significant fraction of the available energy should be dissipated at intermediate radii, {approx}10{sup 10} to a few Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 11} cm, and the flow there should be relatively slow: the bulk Lorentz factor could not exceed a few tens for all but the most luminous bursts with the highest E {sub pk} values. The least restrictive constraint for successful thermalization, {Gamma} {approx}< 20, is obtained if synchrotron emission acts as the photon source. This requires, however, a non-thermal acceleration deep below the Thomson photosphere transferring a significant fraction of the flow energy to relativistic electrons with Lorentz factors between 10 and 100. Other processes require bulk flow Lorentz factors of order of a few for typical bursts. We examine the implications of these results to different GRB photospheric emission models.
Vurm, Indrek; Piran, Tsvi [Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904 (Israel)] [Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904 (Israel); Lyubarsky, Yuri, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Physics Department, Ben-Gurion University, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 84105 (Israel)] [Physics Department, Ben-Gurion University, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 84105 (Israel)
Parc Periodical | Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center
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@BristolUniLib bristol.ac.uk/library Remote (off-site) access
Library @BristolUniLib bristol.ac.uk/library Remote (off-site) access As a member of the University network you may use one of the following options to gain network access from off-site: Remote Desktop.bristol.ac.uk/it-services/ advice/homeusers/remote/studentdesktop. Off-site Proxy The off-site proxy allows use of University web
Bristol, University of
Smart Operations of Air-Conditioning and Lighting Systems in a Government Buildings for Peak Power Reduction
This paper presents the achievements of implementing smart operations strategies for air-conditioning (A/C) and lighting systems in Justice Palace Complex (JPC), Kuwait during the summer 2007. The peak load of this building was 3700 k...
Shape-based peak identification for ChIP-Seq Valerie Hower, Steven N. Evans, and Lior Pachter
Shape-based peak identification for ChIP-Seq Valerie Hower, Steven N. Evans, and Lior PachterSeq [27] and MACS [29] using two published data sets. #12;2 Valerie Hower, Steven N. Evans, and Lior
Evans, Steven N.
Methods, systems and apparatus for approximation of peak summed fundamental and third harmonic voltages in a multi-phase machine
Methods, system and apparatus are provided for quickly approximating a peak summed magnitude (A) of a phase voltage (Vph) waveform in a multi-phase system that implements third harmonic injection.
Ransom, Ray M. (Big Bear City, CA); Gallegos-Lopez, Gabriel (Torrance, CA); Kinoshita, Michael H. (Redondo Beach, CA)
Adaptive algorithm for mobile terminal power on/off state management Y.W. Chunga
Research Adaptive algorithm for mobile terminal power on/off state management Y.W. Chunga , M mobile terminal (MT) power on/off state management schemes are introduced based on the level of location; Mobility management; MT power on/off state management 1. Introduction Mobile terminals (MTs) in real
Sung, Dan Keun
A Technique for Energy Versus Quality of Service Trade-off for MPEG-2 Decoder
A Technique for Energy Versus Quality of Service Trade-off for MPEG-2 Decoder Krishnan Srinivasan computation in turn can be traded-off for energy reduction by exploiting dy- namic power management (DPM. The paper presents technique for energy versus qual- ity trade-off by selective processing of macroblocks
Chatha, Karam S.
Analyzing the Energy-Time Trade-Off in High-Performance Computing Applications
Analyzing the Energy-Time Trade-Off in High-Performance Computing Applications Vincent W. Freeh that the energy-time trade-off can be dynamically adjusted. This paper analyzes the energy-time trade either the memory subsystem or another node. This paper investigates the trade-off between energy
Lowenthal, David
Leaving the corporate fold: examining spin-off actions and performance
This research examines the exit of a subsidiary from its corporate parent through spin-off, the actions taken by the firm management post spin-off, and the performance implications of those actions, all from the spin-off's perspective. While spin...
Semadeni, Matthew Briggs
GreenCache: Augmenting Off-the-Grid Cellular Towers with Multimedia Caches
or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy to run cellular towers "off the grid" [4]. Today's "off the grid" cellu- lar towers operate off diesel with expensive and "dirty" diesel fuel. S
Shenoy, Prashant
Predicting Individual Book Use for OffSite Storage Using Decision Trees
Predicting Individual Book Use for OffSite Storage Using Decision Trees Craig Silverstein Computer choosing titles to be stored in an offsite location. Previous researchers in this area concluded that past prediction method we develop, when used as the offsite storage selection method for the Harvard College
Shieber, Stuart
A Fully Automated Fault-tolerant System for Distributed Video Processing and Off-site Replication
A Fully Automated Fault-tolerant System for Distributed Video Processing and Off-site Replication been a failure-prone tedious operation with an operator needed to babysit the processing and off-site, off-site replication, fault-tolerance, grid, educational research. 1. INTRODUCTION In different fields
Wisconsin at Madison, University of
Curriculum Handbook , section 2A Requirements for off-campus degree programs
student is admitted to the program. An off-site degree program is defined as one in which 50% to 100% of the required coursework is delivered at the off-site location. For undergraduate programs, the requirement includes General Education as well as major coursework. An off-site location is defined as any facility
Sorin, Eric J.
Major accidents scenarios used for LUP and off-site emergency planning : Importance of kinetic description
Major accidents scenarios used for LUP and off-site emergency planning : Importance of kinetic, INERIS shows a method enabling to integrate, as a second prioritisation criteria, the on-site and off-site. Keywords : Land Use Planning ; off-site emergency planning ; chemical accident scenario ; kinetic 1
In this study, we performed a market trial of off-grid LED lighting products in Maai Mahiu, arural Kenyan town. Our goals were to assess consumer demand and consumer preferences with respect to off-grid lighting systems and to gain feedback from off-grid lighting users at the point of purchase and after they have used to products for some time.
Tracy, Jennifer; Alstone, Peter; Jacobson, Arne; Mills, Evan
Continental Shelf Research 21 (2001) 587606 Nutrient enrichment off Port Stephens
Continental Shelf Research 21 (2001) 587606 Nutrient enrichment off Port Stephens: the role of the dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans occurred off Port Stephens, on the New South Wales (NSW) central coast water into the euphotic zone off Port Stephens. To this end, a regional model of the NSW coast
Oke, Peter
Quantum transport calculations using periodic boundaryconditions
An efficient new method is presented to calculate the quantum transports using periodic boundary conditions. This method allows the use of conventional ground state ab initio programs without big changes. The computational effort is only a few times of a normal groundstate calculations, thus is makes accurate quantum transport calculations for large systems possible.
Wang, Lin-Wang
Identification for a Nonlinear Periodic Wave Equation
This work is concerned with an approximation process for the identification of nonlinearities in the nonlinear periodic wave equation. It is based on the least-squares approach and on a splitting method. A numerical algorithm of gradient type and the numerical implementation are given.
Morosanu, C. [Department of Mathematics, University 'Al.I.Cuza', 6600 Iasi (Romania); Trenchea, C. [Institute of Mathematics of Romanian Academy, 6600 Iasi (Romania)
Utility Building Analysis Billing Period: NOV -2013
ELECTRICITY Consumption MUNICIPAL WATER Consumption 8 CCF STEAM Consumption CHILLED WATER Consumption GAS Building Analysis Billing Period: NOV - 2013 032 JACKSON HALL: 150,393 Square Feet ELECTRICITY Consumption,550 Square Feet ELECTRICITY Consumption 114,185 KWHRS MUNICIPAL WATER Consumption 1,423 CCF STEAM Consumption
Ciocan-Fontanine, Ionut
Coherency saturation in periodic structures with randomization
,28 or multicascade stimulated Raman scattering.2931 A major example of naturally occurring spatially periodic with very reasonable precision. In the specific case of x ray transition radiation of low layers can generate resonantly enhanced radiation in the hard x ray domain with almost unhampered
Kaplan, Alexander
Off-gas Adsorption Model and Simulation - OSPREY
The absence of industrial scale nuclear fuel reprocessing in the U.S. has precluded the necessary driver for developing the advanced simulation capability now prevalent in so many other countries. Thus, it is essential to model complex series of unit operations to simulate, understand, and predict inherent transient behavior. A capability of accurately simulating the dynamic behavior of advanced fuel cycle separation processes is expected to provide substantial cost savings and many technical benefits. To support this capability, a modeling effort focused on the off-gas treatment system of a used nuclear fuel recycling facility is in progress. The off-gas separation consists of a series of scrubbers and adsorption beds to capture constituents of interest. Dynamic models are being developed to simulate each unit operation involved so each unit operation can be used as a stand-alone model and in series with multiple others. Currently, an adsorption model has been developed within Multi-physics Object Oriented Simulation Environment (MOOSE) developed at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). Off-gas Separation and REcoverY (OSPREY) models the adsorption of offgas constituents for dispersed plug flow in a packed bed under non-isothermal and non-isobaric conditions. Inputs to the model include gas composition, sorbent and column properties, equilibrium and kinetic data, and inlet conditions. The simulation outputs component concentrations along the column length as a function of time from which breakthrough data can be obtained. The breakthrough data can be used to determine bed capacity, which in turn can be used to size columns. In addition to concentration data, the model predicts temperature along the column length as a function of time and pressure drop along the column length. A description of the OSPREY model, results from krypton adsorption modeling and plans for modeling the behavior of iodine, xenon, and tritium will be discussed.
Veronica J Rutledge
Refined analysis of photon leptoproduction off spinless target
We calculate the differential cross section for real photon electroproduction off spinless hadron which sevres as a main probe of the hadrons structure via the concept of generalized parton distributions. Compared to previously available computations performed with twist-three power accuracy, we exactly accounted for all kinematical effects in hadron mass and momentum transfer which arise from leptonic helicity amplitudes. We performed numerical studies of these kinematical effects and demonstrated that in the valence quark region and rather low virtualities of the hard photon which sets the factorization scale, the available approximate results significantly overestimate the cross section rates in comparison to exact formulas.
Andrei V. Belitsky; Dieter Mueller
Lift-off dynamics in a simple jumping robot
We study vertical jumping in a simple robot comprising an actuated mass-spring arrangement. The actuator frequency and phase are systematically varied to find optimal performance. Optimal jumps occur above and below (but not at) the robot's resonant frequency $f_0$. Two distinct jumping modes emerge: a simple jump which is optimal above $f_0$ is achievable with a squat maneuver, and a peculiar stutter jump which is optimal below $f_0$ is generated with a counter-movement. A simple dynamical model reveals how optimal lift-off results from non-resonant transient dynamics.
Jeffrey Aguilar; Alex Lesov; Kurt Wiesenfeld; Daniel I. Goldman
Off-Shell Scalar Supermultiplet in the Unfolded Dynamics Approach
We show how manifestly supersymmetric action for Wess-Zumino model can be constructed within the unfolded dynamics approach. The off-shell unfolded system for N = 1, D = 4 scalar supermultiplet is found. The action is presented in the form of integral of a closed 4-form over any (4, 0) surface in superspace as well as a superspace integral of an integral form or a chiral integral form. The proposed method is argued to provide a most general tool for the analysis of manifestly supersymmetric functionals.
N. G. Misuna; M. A. Vasiliev
California (with State off) Shale Production (Billion Cubic Feet)
Annual Energy Outlook 2013 [U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)]
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Pantex is off to the races | National Nuclear Security Administration
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1 - September 2006 TheSteven Ashby Dr. StevenPanoramicfirefighters cook it upis off to
Microearthquakes and crustal structure off the Makran coast of Iran
On the basis of bathymetric an seismic data collected recently off the coast of Makran in the Gulf of Oman, it has been suggested that the folding of the sediments at the northern edge of the abyssal plain is taking place at the present time. The folding is thought to be the consequence of ongoing subduction of the Arabian plate beneath the Eurasian Lithosphere along the Makran coast. Th model assigns a far more significant role to the Makran coast in shaping the tectonics of the region than has thus far been assumed.
Niazi, M.; Shimamura, H.; Matsu'ura, M.
EV Everywhere Grand Challenge Kick-Off | Department of Energy
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Turn Motors Off When Not in Use | Department of Energy
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious Rank EERE:YearRound-Up from theDepartment of EnergyTheDepartment of Energy andJanuaryTurn Motors Off
One Block Off the Grid 1BOG | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 No revision hasInformation Earth'sOklahoma/Geothermal < Oklahoma Jump to: navigation,OleneOff the Grid 1BOG
Off-Site Electronic Access | ornl.gov
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(A)dS Holography with a Cut-off
We find out the smearing/ transfer functions that relate a local bulk operator with its boundary values at a cut-off surface located at $z=z_0$ of the AdS Poincar\\'{e} patch. We compare these results with de Sitter counterparts and comment on their connections with corresponding construction for dS/ CFT. As the boundary values can help define the required field theory at $z=z_0$ and encode bulk locality in terms of it, our work can provide key information about holographic RG in the context of AdS/ CFT.
Debajyoti Sarkar
Analysis of a Retrofitted Thermal Energy Storage Air-conditioning System of a Marine Museum.
??Thermal energy storage(TES) air-conditioning system is a electrical load management technology with great potential to shift load from peak to off-peak utility periods. TES is� (more)
Yu, Po-wen
Estimating the Market Penetration of Residential Cool Storage Technology Using Economic Cost Modeling
This study estimated the market penetration for residential cool storage technology using economic cost modeling. Residential cool storage units produce and store chill during off-peak periods of the day to be used during times of peak electric...
Weijo, R. O.; and Brown, D. R.
Clothes washer standards in China -- The problem of water and energy trade-offs in establishing efficiency standards
the Problem of Water and Energy Trade-offs in Establishingthe Problem of Water and Energy Trade-offs in Establishinghow do you trade off water versus energy in establishing
Biermayer, Peter J.; Lin, Jiang
The rollout of smart meters in the last several years has opened up new forms of previously unavailable energy data. Many utilities are now able in real-time to capture granular, household level interval usage data at very high-frequency levels for a large proportion of their residential and small commercial customer population. This can be linked to other time and locationspecific information, providing vast, constantly growing streams of rich data (sometimes referred to by the recently popular buzz word, �big data�). Within the energy industry there is increasing interest in tapping into the opportunities that these data can provide. What can we do with all of these data? The richness and granularity of these data enable many types of creative and cutting-edge analytics. Technically sophisticated and rigorous statistical techniques can be used to pull interesting insights out of this highfrequency, human-focused data. We at LBNL are calling this �behavior analytics�. This kind of analytics has the potential to provide tremendous value to a wide range of energy programs. For example, highly disaggregated and heterogeneous information about actual energy use would allow energy efficiency (EE) and/or demand response (DR) program implementers to target specific programs to specific households; would enable evaluation, measurement and verification (EM&V) of energy efficiency programs to be performed on a much shorter time horizon than was previously possible; and would provide better insights in to the energy and peak hour savings associated with specifics types of EE and DR programs (e.g., behavior-based (BB) programs). In this series, �Insights from Smart Meters�, we will present concrete, illustrative examples of the type of value that insights from behavior analytics of these data can provide (as well as pointing out its limitations). We will supply several types of key findings, including: � Novel results, which answer questions the industry previously was unable to answer; � Proof-of-concept analytics tools that can be adapted and used by others; and � Guidelines and protocols that summarize analytical best practices. This report focuses on one example of the kind of value that analysis of this data can provide: insights into whether behavior-based (BB) efficiency programs have the potential to provide peak-hour energy savings.
Todd, Annika; Perry, Michael; Smith, Brian; Sullivan, Michael; Cappers, Peter; Goldman, Charles
Preliminary investigation of the effects of lower hybrid power on asymmetric behaviors in the scrape-off layer in experimental advanced superconducting tokamak
The striations in front of the lower hybrid (LH) launcher have been observed during LH injection by a visible video camera in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak. Edge density at the top of the LH launcher tends to be much larger in reversed magnetic field (B{sub t}) than that in the normal B{sub t}. To study the mechanisms of the observations, the diffusive-convective model is employed. Simulations show that the LH power makes the density in scrape-off layer asymmetric in poloidal direction with five density peaks. The locations of the striations are approximately in agreement with the locations of the density peaks in different directions of B{sub t}. Higher LH power strengths the asymmetry of the density and leads to a bad coupling which is in conflict with the experimental results showing a good coupling with a higher power. Furthermore, an ionization term is introduced into this model and the increase of edge density with LH power can be qualitatively explained. The simulations also show that the density peaks in front of the waveguides become clearer when taking into account gas puffing.
Zhang, L.; Ding, B. J., E-mail: email@example.com; Li, M. H.; Liu, F. K.; Shan, J. F.; Wei, W.; Li, Y. C.; Yang, J. H.; Wu, Z. G.; Liu, L.; Wang, M.; Zhao, L. M.; Ma, W. D.; Xiu, H. D.; Wang, X. J.; Jia, H.; Yang, Y.; Cheng, M.; Wu, D. J.; Xu, L. [Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031 (China)] [Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031 (China); and others
Process for off-gas particulate removal and apparatus therefor
In the event of a breach in the off-gas line of a melter operation requiring closure of the line, a secondary vessel vent line is provided with a particulate collector utilizing atomization for removal of large particulates from the off-gas. The collector receives the gas containing particulates and directs a portion of the gas through outer and inner annular channels. The collector further receives a fluid, such as water, which is directed through the outer channel together with a second portion of the particulate-laden gas. The outer and inner channels have respective ring-like termination apertures concentrically disposed adjacent one another on the outer edge of the downstream side of the particulate collector. Each of the outer and inner channels curves outwardly away from the collector`s centerline in proceeding toward the downstream side of the collector. Gas flow in the outer channel maintains the fluid on the channel`s wall in the form of a ``wavy film,`` while the gas stream from the inner channel shears the fluid film as it exits the outer channel in reducing the fluid to small droplets. Droplets formed by the collector capture particulates in the gas stream by one of three mechanisms: impaction, interception or Brownian diffusion in removing the particulates. The particulate-laden droplets are removed from the fluid stream by a vessel vent condenser or mist eliminator. 4 figs.
Carl, D.E.
In the event of a breach in the off-gas line of a melter operation requiring closure of the line, a secondary vessel vent line is provided with a particulate collector utilizing atomization for removal of large particulates from the off-gas. The collector receives the gas containing particulates and directs a portion of the gas through outer and inner annular channels. The collector further receives a fluid, such as water, which is directed through the outer channel together with a second portion of the particulate-laden gas. The outer and inner channels have respective ring-like termination apertures concentrically disposed adjacent one another on the outer edge of the downstream side of the particulate collector. Each of the outer and inner channels curves outwardly away from the collector's centerline in proceeding toward the downstream side of the collector. Gasflow in the outer channel maintains the fluid on the channel's wall in the form of a "wavy film," while the gas stream from the inner channel shears the fluid film as it exits the outer channel in reducing the fluid to small droplets. Droplets formed by the collector capture particulates in the gas stream by one of three mechanisms: impaction, interception or Brownian diffusion in removing the particulates. The particulate-laden droplets are removed from the fluid stream by a vessel vent condenser or mist eliminator.
Carl, Daniel E. (Orchard Park, NY)
Distributions of off-diagonal scattering matrix elements: Exact results
Scattering is a ubiquitous phenomenon which is observed in a variety of physical systems which span a wide range of length scales. The scattering matrix is the key quantity which provides a complete description of the scattering process. The universal features of scattering in chaotic systems is most generally modeled by the Heidelberg approach which introduces stochasticity to the scattering matrix at the level of the Hamiltonian describing the scattering center. The statistics of the scattering matrix is obtained by averaging over the ensemble of random Hamiltonians of appropriate symmetry. We derive exact results for the distributions of the real and imaginary parts of the off-diagonal scattering matrix elements applicable to orthogonally-invariant and unitarily-invariant Hamiltonians, thereby solving a long standing problem. -- Highlights: �Scattering problem in complex or chaotic systems. �Heidelberg approach to model the chaotic nature of the scattering center. �A novel route to the nonlinear sigma model based on the characteristic function. �Exact results for the distributions of off-diagonal scattering-matrix elements. �Universal aspects of the scattering-matrix fluctuations.
Nock, A., E-mail: email@example.com; Kumar, S., E-mail: email@example.com; Sommers, H.-J., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Guhr, T., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Cooler and particulate separator for an off-gas stack
This report describes an off-gas stack for a melter, furnace or reaction vessel comprising an air conduit leading to two sets of holes, one set injecting air into the off-gas stack near the melter plenum and the second set injecting air downstream of the first set. The first set injects air at a compound angle, having both downward and tangential components, to create a reverse vortex flow, counter to the direction of flow of gas through the stack and also along the periphery of the stack interior surface. Air from the first set of holes prevents recirculation zones from forming and the attendant accumulation of particulate deposits on the wall of the stack and will also return to the plenum any particulate swept up in the gas entering the stack. The second set of holes injects air in the same direction as the gas in the stack to compensate for the pressure drop and to prevent the concentration of condensate in the stack. A set of sprayers, receiving water from a second conduit, is located downstream of the second set of holes and sprays water into the gas to further cool it.
Wright, G.T.
Acoustic Modeling for Aqua Ventus I off Monhegan Island, ME
The DeepCwind consortium, led by the University of Maine, was awarded funding under the US Department of Energy�s Offshore Wind Advanced Technology Demonstration Program to develop two floating offshore wind turbines in the Gulf of Maine equipped with Goldwind 6 MW direct drive turbines, as the Aqua Ventus I project. The Goldwind turbines have a hub height of 100 m. The turbines will be deployed in Maine State waters, approximately 2.9 miles off Monhegan Island; Monhegan Island is located roughly 10 miles off the coast of Maine. In order to site and permit the offshore turbines, the acoustic output must be evaluated to ensure that the sound will not disturb residents on Monhegan Island, nor input sufficient sound levels into the nearby ocean to disturb marine mammals. This initial assessment of the acoustic output focuses on the sound of the turbines in air by modeling the assumed sound source level, applying a sound propagation model, and taking into account the distance from shore.
Whiting, Jonathan M.; Hanna, Luke A.; DeChello, Nicole L.; Copping, Andrea E.
An off-gas stack for a melter comprising an air conduit leading to two sets of holes, one set injecting air into the off-gas stack near the melter plenum and the second set injecting air downstream of the first set. The first set injects air at a compound angle, having both downward and tangential components, to create a reverse vortex flow, counter to the direction of flow of gas through the stack and also along the periphery of the stack interior surface. Air from the first set of holes pervents recirculation zones from forming and the attendant accumulation of particulate deposits on the wall of the stack and will also return to the plenum any particulate swept up in the gas entering the stack. The second set of holes injects air in the same direction as the gas in the stack to compensate for the pressure drop and to prevent the concentration of condensate in the stack. A set of sprayers, receiving water from a second conduit, is located downstream of the second set of holes and sprays water into the gas to further cool it.
Wright, George T. (15 Cherry Hills Dr., Aiken, SC 29803)
Numerical modeling of the elution peak profiles of retained solutes in supercritical fluid chromatography
In supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), the significant expansion of the mobile phase along the column causes the formation of axial and radial gradients of temperature. Due to these gradients, the mobile phase density, its viscosity, its velocity, its diffusion coefficients, etc. are not constant throughout the column. This results in a nonuniform flow velocity distribution, itself causing a loss of column efficiency in certain cases, even at low flow rates, as they do in HPLC. At high flow rates, an important deformation of the elution profiles of the sample components may occur. The model previously used to account satisfactorily for the retention of an unsorbed solute in SFC is applied to the modeling of the elution peak profiles of retained compounds. The numerical solution of the combined heat and mass balance equations provides the temperature and the pressure profiles inside the column and values of the retention time and the band profiles of retained compounds that are in excellent agreement with independent experimental data for large value of mobile phase reduced density. At low reduced densities, the band profiles can strongly depend on the column axial distribution of porosity.
Kaczmarski, Krzysztof [University of Tennessee and Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland; Guiochon, Georges A [ORNL
Development of a Dispatchable PV Peak Shainv System. PV: Bonus Program - Phase 1 Report. Volume 1
This report summarizes the work performed by Delmarva Power and Light and its subcontractors in Phase 1 of the US Department of Energy's PV:BONUS Program. The purpose of the program is to develop products and systems for buildings which utilize photovoltaic (N) technology. Beginning with a cooperative research effort with the University of Delaware's Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research Delmarva Power developed and demonstrated the concept of Dispatchable PV Peak Shaving. This concept and the system which resulted horn the development work are unique from other grid-connected PV systems because it combines a PV, battery energy storage, power conversion and control technologies into an integrated package. Phase 1 began in July 1993 with the installation of a test and demonstration system at Delmarva's Northern Division General Office building near Newark, Delaware. Following initial testing throughout the summer and fall of 1993, significant modifications were made under an amendment to the DOE contract. Work on Phase 1 concluded in the early spring of 1995. Significant progress towards the goal of commercializing the system was made during Phase 1, and is summarized. Based on progress in Phase 1, a proposal to continue the work in Phase 2 was submitted to the US DOE in May 1995. A contract amendment and providing funds for the Phase 2 work is expected in July 1995.
Implications of 'peak oil' for atmospheric CO{sub 2} and climate - article no. GB3012
Unconstrained CO{sub 2} emission from fossil fuel burning has been the dominant cause of observed anthropogenic global warming. The amounts of 'proven' and potential fossil fuel reserves are uncertain and debated. Regardless of the true values, society has flexibility in the degree to which it chooses to exploit these reserves, especially unconventional fossil fuels and those located in extreme or pristine environments. If conventional oil production peaks within the next few decades, it may have a large effect on future atmospheric CO{sub 2} and climate change, depending upon subsequent energy choices. Assuming that proven oil and gas reserves do not greatly exceed estimates of the Energy Information Administration, and recent trends are toward lower estimates, we show that it is feasible to keep atmospheric CO{sub 2} from exceeding about 450 ppm by 2100, provided that emissions from coal, unconventional fossil fuels, and land use are constrained. Coal-fired power plants without sequestration must be phased out before midcentury to achieve this CO{sub 2} limit. It is also important to 'stretch' conventional oil reserves via energy conservation and efficiency, thus averting strong pressures to extract liquid fuels from coal or unconventional fossil fuels while clean technologies are being developed for the era 'beyond fossil fuels'. We argue that a rising price on carbon emissions is needed to discourage conversion of the vast fossil resources into usable reserves, and to keep CO{sub 2} beneath the 450 ppm ceiling.
Kharecha, P.A.; Hansen, J.E. [NASA, New York, NY (United States). Goddard Institute for Space Studies
Analysis of the need for intermediate and peaking technologies in the year 2000. Final report
This analysis was conducted to assess the impact of load management on the future need for intermediate- and peak-generating technologies (IPTs) such as combustion turbines, pumped storage, and cycling coal plants. There would be a reduced need for IPTs if load-management activities such as time-of-use pricing, together with customer-owned energy-storage devices, hot-water-heater controls, and interruptible service can economically remove most of the variation from electric power demands. The objective of this analysis is to assess the need for IPTs in an uncertain future, which will probably include load management and time-differentiated electricity prices. The analysis is exploratory in nature and broad in scope. It does not attempt to predict the future or to model precisely the technical characteristics or economic desirability of load management. Rather, its purpose is to provide research and development planners with some basic insights into the order of magnitude of possible hourly demand shifts on a regional basis and to determine the impact of load management on daily and seasonal variations in electricity demand.
Detection of point sources on two-dimensional images based on peaks
This article considers the detection of point sources in two dimensional astronomical images. The detection scheme we propose is based on peak statistics. We discuss the example of the detection of far galaxies in Cosmic Microwave Background experiments throughout the paper, although the method we present is totally general and can be used in many other fields of data analysis. We assume sources with a Gaussian profile --that is a fair approximation of the profile of a point source convolved with the detector beam in microwave experiments-- on a background modeled by a homogeneous and isotropic Gaussian random field characterized by a scale-free power spectrum. Point sources are enhanced with respect to the background by means of linear filters. After filtering, we identify local maxima and apply our detection scheme, a Neyman-Pearson detector that defines our region of acceptance based on the a priori pdf of the sources and the ratio of number densities. We study the different performances of some linear fil...
Lopez-Caniego, M; Sanz, J L; Barreiro, R B
This article considers the detection of point sources in two dimensional astronomical images. The detection scheme we propose is based on peak statistics. We discuss the example of the detection of far galaxies in Cosmic Microwave Background experiments throughout the paper, although the method we present is totally general and can be used in many other fields of data analysis. We assume sources with a Gaussian profile --that is a fair approximation of the profile of a point source convolved with the detector beam in microwave experiments-- on a background modeled by a homogeneous and isotropic Gaussian random field characterized by a scale-free power spectrum. Point sources are enhanced with respect to the background by means of linear filters. After filtering, we identify local maxima and apply our detection scheme, a Neyman-Pearson detector that defines our region of acceptance based on the a priori pdf of the sources and the ratio of number densities. We study the different performances of some linear filters that have been used in this context in the literature: the Mexican Hat wavelet, the matched filter and the scale-adaptive filter. We consider as well an extension to two dimensions of the biparametric scale adaptive filter (BSAF). The BSAF depends on two parameters which are determined by maximizing the number density of real detections while fixing the number density of spurious detections. For our detection criterion the BSAF outperforms the other filters in the interesting case of white noise.
M. Lopez-Caniego; D. Herranz; J. L. Sanz; R. B. Barreiro
In April 2007, the Department of Energy (DOE) designated the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) a National Scientific User Facility (NSUF) to advance US leadership in nuclear science and technology. By attracting new users from universities, laboratories, and industry, the ATR will support basic and applied nuclear research and development and help address the nation's energy security needs. In support of this new program, the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has developed in-house capabilities to fabricate, test, and qualify new and enhanced temperature sensors for irradiation testing. Although most efforts emphasize sensors capable of providing real-time data, selected tasks have been completed to enhance sensors provided in irradiation locations where instrumentation leads cannot be included, such as drop-in capsule and Hydraulic Shuttle Irradiation System (HSIS) or 'rabbit' locations. To meet the need for these locations, the INL has developed melt wire temperature sensors for use in ATR irradiation testing. Differential scanning calorimetry and environmental testing of prototypical sensors was used to develop a library of 28 melt wire materials, capable of detecting peak irradiation temperatures ranging from 85 to 1500�C. This paper will discuss the development work and present test results.
K. L. Davis; D. Knudson; J. Daw; J. Palmer; J. L. Rempe
Stability of the fragments and thermalization at peak center-of-mass energy
We simulate the central reactions of nearly symmetric, and asymmetric systems, for the energies at which the maximum production of IMFs occurs (E$_{c.m.}^{peak}$).This study is carried out by using hard EOS along with cugnon cross section and employing MSTB method for clusterization. We study the various properties of fragments. The stability of fragments is checked through persistence coefficient and gain term. The information about the thermalization and stopping in heavy-ion collisions is obtained via relative momentum, anisotropy ratio, and rapidity distribution. We find that for a complete stopping of incoming nuclei very heavy systems are required. The mass dependence of various quantities (such as average and maximum central density, collision dynamics as well as the time zone for hot and dense nuclear matter) is also presented. In all cases (i.e., average and maximum central density, collision dynamics as well as the time zone for hot and dense nuclear matter) a power law dependence is obtained.
Aman D. Sood; Sukhjit Kaur
Product Quality Assurance for Off-Grid Lighting in Africa
Although the emergence of markets for high efficiency off-grid lighting technologies holds promise, realizing the potential of this opportunity on a long-term, sustainable basis requires careful attention to issues of product quality, consumer protection, and the potential for significant 'market spoiling', in anticipation of increases of sales of low cost, low performance off-grid lighting products. The goal of the Lighting Africa quality assurance workshop was to articulate strategies to mitigate the dangers of market spoiling and to explore ways to protect consumers from misleading advertising for sales of inferior, off-grid lighting products in the context of Lighting Africa's overarching objective to support the industry in developing a robust off-grid lighting market in Africa. The workshop resulted in the identification of two strategic approaches for meeting Lighting Africa quality assurance programmatic needs. The first strategy is intended to meet a short-term programmatic need for quality associated with requests for lighting products by bulk procurement agents, such as in a World Bank-financed project. The development of procurement specifications and test procedures that could be used in a quality/usability screening method in order to provide guidance for forthcoming large volume purchases emerged as the best solution to meet this need. Such approaches are used in World Bank-financed solar home systems (SHSs) projects in Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and China, among others. However, unlike the SHSs which have multiple balance-of-system (BOS) components warranting the need for an array of specifications for individual components, stand alone lighting systems require specifications that are amenable to individual light points. To test this approach, Lighting Africa elected to use the technical specifications issued by the Photovoltaic Global Approval Program for solar lanterns that use CFL bulbs (PVRS11A) as the basis of qualifying such products. A contract has been competitively awarded to the Global Approval Program for Photovoltaics (PV GAP) under the Lighting Africa Program to select and test ten solar lantern product models. Lantern selection will be determined based on a number of criteria, among them, the ability to provide a daily duty cycle of at least 3 hours of light, the number of days of autonomy of battery, the volume of sales (especially in Africa), and whether or not the manufacturing facility is ISO 9000 certified. Those that are confirmed as meeting the specifications may be eligible to receive a PVGAP quality seal. The work is being carried out in partnership with the Photovoltaic and Wind Quality Test Center in Beijing, China and TUV Rhineland in Koeln, Germany. As off-grid LED-based stand-alone lighting products is in a nascent stage of development compared to CFL-based lanterns, Lighting Africa will support the development of a 'Quality Screening' approach to selecting LED lighting, in order not to delay consumers benefiting from such advances. The screening methodology could be used by procurement agencies to qualify LED lighting products for bulk or programmatic procurements. The main elements of this work comprises of developing a procurement specification and test procedure for undertaking a 'quick' quality/usability screening to be used for procuring LED lights and to test up to 30 LED-based lights to screen products that meet the requirement. The second strategy is intended to meet a longer-term need associated with creating a self-sustaining product quality assurance program that will effectively protect the African consumer, prevent significant market spoiling, adapt with expected technological advancements over the long-term--in other words, give consumers the ability to detect quality products and the information needed to find products that meet their specific needs from among the myriad of lighting products that become available commercially. Workshop discussions and the discussions evolving from the workshop led the Lighting Africa team to opt for an approach similar to that of th
World Bank; Mills, Evan; Mills, Evan
An Environmental and Economic Trade-off Analysis of Manufacturing Process Chains to Inform Decision Making for Sustainability
Sustainable manufacturing - green technology for processes,of Process Trade-off Analysis tool and Sustainableof Process Trade-off Analysis tool and Sustainable Minds
Robinson, Stefanie L.
Chaotic Transport in Planar Periodic Vortical Flows
We have studied a chaotic transport in a two-dimensional periodic vortical flow under a time-dependent perturbation with period T where the global diffusion occurs along the stochastic web. By using the Melnikov method we construct the separatrix map describing the approximate dynamics near the saddle separatrices. Focusing on the small T, the width of the stochastic layer is calculated analytically by using the residue criterion and the diffusion constant by using the random phase assumption and correlated random walks. The analytical results are in good agreements with the results of two different types of numerical simulations by integrations of the Hamilton's equation of motion and by iterations of the separatrix map, which establishes the validity of the use of the separatrix map.
Taehoon Ahn; Seunghwan Kim
Periodic-Orbit Theory of Level Correlations
We present a semiclassical explanation of the so-called Bohigas-Giannoni-Schmit conjecture which asserts universality of spectral fluctuations in chaotic dynamics. We work with a generating function whose semiclassical limit is determined by quadruplets of sets of periodic orbits. The asymptotic expansions of both the non-oscillatory and the oscillatory part of the universal spectral correlator are obtained. Borel summation of the series reproduces the exact correlator of random-matrix theory.
Stefan Heusler; Sebastian M�ller; Alexander Altland; Petr Braun; Fritz Haake
Summary of Time Period-Based and Other Approximation Methods for Determining the Capacity Value of Wind and Solar in the United States: September 2010 - February 2012
This paper updates previous work that describes time period-based and other approximation methods for estimating the capacity value of wind power and extends it to include solar power. The paper summarizes various methods presented in utility integrated resource plans, regional transmission organization methodologies, regional stakeholder initiatives, regulatory proceedings, and academic and industry studies. Time period-based approximation methods typically measure the contribution of a wind or solar plant at the time of system peak - sometimes over a period of months or the average of multiple years.
Rogers, J.; Porter, K.
Quasifree photoproduction of $?$ mesons off protons and neutrons
Differential and total cross sections for the quasifree reactions $\\gamma p\\rightarrow\\eta p$ and $\\gamma n\\rightarrow\\eta n$ have been determined at the MAMI-C electron accelerator using a liquid deuterium target. Photons were produced via bremsstrahlung from the 1.5 GeV incident electron beam and energy-tagged with the Glasgow photon tagger. Decay photons of the neutral decay modes $\\eta\\rightarrow 2\\gamma$ and $\\eta\\rightarrow 3\\pi^0 \\rightarrow 6\\gamma$ and coincident recoil nucleons were detected in a combined setup of the Crystal Ball and the TAPS calorimeters. The $\\eta$-production cross sections were measured in coincidence with recoil protons, recoil neutrons, and in an inclusive mode without a condition on recoil nucleons, which allowed a check of the internal consistency of the data. The effects from nuclear Fermi motion were removed by a kinematic reconstruction of the final-state invariant mass and possible nuclear effects on the quasifree cross section were investigated by a comparison of free and quasifree proton data. The results, which represent a significant improvement in statistical quality compared to previous measurements, agree with the known neutron-to-proton cross-section ratio in the peak of the $S_{11}(1535)$ resonance and confirm a peak in the neutron cross section, which is absent for the proton, at a center-of-mass energy $W = (1670\\pm 5)$ MeV with an intrinsic width of $\\Gamma\\approx 30$ MeV.
A2 Collaboration; D. Werthm�ller; L. Witthauer; I. Keshelashvili; P. Aguar-Bartolom�; J. Ahrens; J. R. M. Annand; H. J. Arends; K. Bantawa; R. Beck; V. Bekrenev; A. Braghieri; D. Branford; W. J. Briscoe; J. Brudvik; S. Cherepnya; S. Costanza; B. Demissie; M. Dieterle; E. J. Downie; P. Drexler; L. V. Fil'kov; A. Fix; D. I. Glazier; D. Hamilton; E. Heid; D. Hornidge; D. Howdle; G. M. Huber; I. Jaegle; O. Jahn; T. C. Jude; A. K�ser; V. L. Kashevarov; R. Kondratiev; M. Korolija; S. P. Kruglov; B. Krusche; A. Kulbardis; V. Lisin; K. Livingston; I. J. D. MacGregor; Y. Maghrbi; J. Mancell; D. M. Manley; Z. Marinides; M. Martinez; J. C. McGeorge; E. F. McNicoll; V. Metag; D. G. Middleton; A. Mushkarenkov; B. M. K. Nefkens; A. Nikolaev; R. Novotny; M. Oberle; M. Ostrick; P. B. Otte; B. Oussena; P. Pedroni; F. Pheron; A. Polonski; S. N. Prakhov; J. Robinson; G. Rosner; T. Rostomyan; S. Schumann; M. H. Sikora; D. Sober; A. Starostin; I. Supek; M. Thiel; A. Thomas; M. Unverzagt; D. P. Watts
Embedding a chaotic signature in a periodic train: can periodic signals be chaotic?
We show how a chaotic system can be locked to emit a periodic waveform belonging to its chaotic attractor. We numerically demonstrate our idea in a system composed of a semiconductor laser driven to chaos by optical feedback from a short external cavity. The clue is the injection of an appropriate periodic signal that modulates the phase and amplitude of the intra-cavity radiation, a chaotic analogy of conventional mode-locking. The result is a time process that manifests a chaotic signature embedded in a long-scale periodic train.
Antonio Mecozzi; Cristian Antonelli
A new approach in the detection of weak {\\gamma}-ray peak of the radioactive waste in tomography {\\gamma} scanning
We demonstrate a new approach to efficiently detect weak {\\gamma}-ray peak of the radioactive waste in tomographic {\\gamma} scanning (TGS). In the TGS measurement, {\\gamma}-ray peak identification is usually difficult due to the short measurement time that results in a lower {\\gamma}-ray energy produced by the decay. Consequently, the resulting significant scattering in the low-energy side leads to strong statistical fluctuations and low detection efficiency that overwhelm the {\\gamma}-ray peak. Here, we propose the use of shift invariance wavelet algorithm for low-energy part of the spectrum for weak {\\gamma}-ray peak smoothing. The proposed algorithm not only overcomes the pseudo-Gibbs in the high-resolution {\\gamma}-ray spectrum de-noising by the traditional wavelet transform, but also keeps quality of the weak {\\gamma}-ray characteristic peak as well. Our new approach shows a significantly improved performance of the figure of merit (FOM) together with lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) compared with the ...
Jinzha, Zhang
A new approach in the detection of weak ?-ray peak of the radioactive waste in tomography ? scanning
We demonstrate a new approach to efficiently detect weak {\\gamma}-ray peak of the radioactive waste in tomographic {\\gamma} scanning (TGS). In the TGS measurement, {\\gamma}-ray peak identification is usually difficult due to the short measurement time that results in a lower {\\gamma}-ray energy produced by the decay. Consequently, the resulting significant scattering in the low-energy side leads to strong statistical fluctuations and low detection efficiency that overwhelm the {\\gamma}-ray peak. Here, we propose the use of shift invariance wavelet algorithm for low-energy part of the spectrum for weak {\\gamma}-ray peak smoothing. The proposed algorithm not only overcomes the pseudo-Gibbs in the high-resolution {\\gamma}-ray spectrum de-noising by the traditional wavelet transform, but also keeps quality of the weak {\\gamma}-ray characteristic peak as well. Our new approach shows a significantly improved performance of the figure of merit (FOM) together with lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) compared with the traditional wavelet transform. These results indicate the significant potential of our approach that could effectively increase the accuracy of weak {\\gamma}-ray detecting activation analysis in TGS.
Zhang Jinzha; Tuo Xianguo
Analysis of Actual Operating Conditions of an Off-grid Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
Fuel cells have been proposed as ideal replacements for other technologies in remote locations such as Rural Alaska. A number of suppliers have developed systems that might be applicable in these locations, but there are several requirements that must be met before they can be deployed: they must be able to operate on portable fuels, and be able to operate with little operator assistance for long periods of time. This project was intended to demonstrate the operation of a 5 kW fuel cell on propane at a remote site (defined as one without access to grid power, internet, or cell phone, but on the road system). A fuel cell was purchased by the National Park Service for installation in their newly constructed visitor center at Exit Glacier in the Kenai Fjords National Park. The DOE participation in this project as initially scoped was for independent verification of the operation of this demonstration. This project met with mixed success. The fuel cell has operated over 6 seasons at the facility with varying degrees of success, with one very good run of about 1049 hours late in the summer of 2006, but in general the operation has been below expectations. There have been numerous stack failures, the efficiency of electrical generation has been lower than expected, and the field support effort required has been far higher than expected. Based on the results to date, it appears that this technology has not developed to the point where demonstrations in off road sites are justified.
Dennis Witmer; Thomas Johnson; Jack Schmid
Policy Flash 2013-41 Contracts Periods of Performance Exceeding...
41 Contracts Periods of Performance Exceeding 5 Years Policy Flash 2013-41 Contracts Periods of Performance Exceeding 5 Years Attached is Policy Flash 2013-41 Contracts Periods of...
Energy and Society (ER100/PP184/ER200/PP284) Fall 2014 Topics: Thermodynamics of energy systems; Power Loss; Peak Oil; Energy economics. Problem Set #3
; Power Loss; Peak Oil; Energy economics. Problem Set #3 Due October 9, in class, or before 5pm outside) Fall 2014 Topics: Thermodynamics of energy systems; Power Loss; Peak Oil; Energy economics. Problem Set
Kammen, Daniel M.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE 952 14-220 ( 199 I) A CommonSenseApproach to Peak Picking in Two-, Three-,
that significantly more time and energy are required for the tedious manual peak- picking step. Interactive graphics of peak picking, manual inspection of spectra with an interactive graphics program will always
Powers, Robert
System transient response to loss of off-site power
A simultaneous trip of the reactor, main circulation pumps, secondary coolant pumps, and pressurizer pump due to loss of off-site power at the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) located at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has been analyzed to estimate available safety margin. A computer model based on the Modular Modeling System code has been used to calculate the transient response of the system. The reactor depressurizes from 482.7 psia down to about 23 psia in about 50 seconds and remains stable thereafter. Available safety margin has been estimated in terms of the incipient boiling heat flux ratio. It is a conservative estimate due to assumed less than available primary and secondary flows and higher than normal depressurization rate. The ratio indicates no incipient boiling conditions at the hot spot. No potential damage to the fuel is likely to occur during this transient. 2 refs., 6 figs.
Sozer, A.
Hard Excluseive $?$ and $J/?$ Photoproduction off a Proton
We study the photoproduction of the vector mesons $\\Phi$ and $J/\\Psi$ off a proton in the kinematical regime of large energies and scattering angles within the framework of perturbative QCD. Our investigations are based on the hard scattering approach. This means that the hadrons are replaced by their valence Fock states and scattering on the partonic level is described by tree graphs in which the large transferred momentum is redistributed between the valence partons via the exchange of hard gluons. We find that the unpolarized photoproduction cross sections are dominated by Compton-scattering-like graphs in which the photon couples to the proton, whereas vector-meson-dominance-like graphs, in which the photon fluctuates into the heavy quark-antiquark pair which then exchanges two gluons with the proton, play a minor role. We give explicit predictions for unpolarized scattering cross sections and compare them with experimental data where possible.
A. T. Goritschnig; B. Melic; K. Passek-Kumericki; W. Schweiger
Application Periods Open for 2014 National Clean Energy Business...
Application Periods Open for 2014 National Clean Energy Business Plan Competition's Regional Contests Application Periods Open for 2014 National Clean Energy Business Plan...
DOE Extends Public Comment Period for the Draft Uranium Leasing...
Extends Public Comment Period for the Draft Uranium Leasing Program Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement DOE Extends Public Comment Period for the Draft Uranium Leasing...
Off-Shell NN Potential and Triton Binding Energy
The NONLOCAL Bonn-B potential predicts 8.0 MeV binding energy for the triton (in a charge-dependent 34-channel Faddeev calculation) which is about 0.4 MeV more than the predictions by LOCAL NN potentials. We pin down origin and size of the nonlocality in the Bonn potential, in analytic and numeric form. The nonlocality is due to the use of the correct off-shell Feynman amplitude of one-boson-exchange avoiding the commonly used on-shell approximations which yield the local potentials. We also illustrate how this off-shell behavior leads to more binding energy. We emphasize that the increased binding energy is not due to on-shell differences (differences in the fit of the NN data or phase shifts). In particular, the Bonn-B potential reproduces accurately the $\\epsilon_1$ mixing parameter up to 350 MeV as determined in the recent Nijmegen multi-energy NN phase-shift analysis. Adding the relativistic effect from the relativistic nucleon propagators in the Faddeev equations, brings the Bonn-B result up to 8.2 MeV triton binding. This leaves a difference of only 0.3 MeV to experiment, which may possibly be explained by refinements in the treatment of relativity and the inclusion of other nonlocalities (e.~g., quark-gluon exchange at short range). Thus, it is conceivable that a realistic NN potential which describes the NN data up to 300 MeV correctly may explain the triton binding energy without recourse to 3-N forces; relativity would play a major role for this result.
Y. Song; R. Machleidt
Down-hole periodic seismic generator
A down hole periodic seismic generator system is disclosed for transmitting variable frequency, predominantly shear-wave vibration into earth strata surrounding a borehole. The system comprises a unitary housing operably connected to a well head by support and electrical cabling and contains clamping apparatus for selectively clamping the housing to the walls of the borehole. The system further comprises a variable speed pneumatic oscillator and a self-contained pneumatic reservoir for producing a frequency-swept seismic output over a discrete frequency range.
Hardee, H.C.; Hills, R.G.; Striker, R.P.
Property:TimePeriod | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 No revisionEnvReviewNonInvasiveExploration JumpSanyalTempWellhead Jump to:Technology ReadinessTimePeriod Jump to:
An MBendi Profile: World: Oil And Gas Industry -Peak Oil: an Outlook on Crude Oil Depletion -C.J.Campbell -Revised February 2002 Search for
An MBendi Profile: World: Oil And Gas Industry - Peak Oil: an Outlook on Crude Oil Depletion - C - Contact Us - Newsletter Register subscribe to our FREE newsletter World: Oil And Gas Industry - Peak Oil the subsequent decline. q Gas, which is less depleted than oil, will likely peak around 2020. q Capacity limits
We study the effect of galaxy shape measurement errors on predicted cosmological constraints from the statistics of shear peak counts with the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). We use the LSST Image Simulator in combination with cosmological N-body simulations to model realistic shear maps for different cosmological models. We include both galaxy shape noise and, for the first time, measurement errors on galaxy shapes. We find that the measurement errors considered have relatively little impact on the constraining power of shear peak counts for LSST.
Bard, D.; Chang, C.; Kahn, S. M.; Gilmore, K.; Marshall, S. [KIPAC, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94309 (United States); Kratochvil, J. M.; Huffenberger, K. M. [Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124 (United States); May, M. [Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 (United States); AlSayyad, Y.; Connolly, A.; Gibson, R. R.; Jones, L.; Krughoff, S. [Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 (United States); Ahmad, Z.; Bankert, J.; Grace, E.; Hannel, M.; Lorenz, S. [Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 (United States); Haiman, Z.; Jernigan, J. G., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 (United States); and others
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Data from Steamboat Springs, Colorado, for the Storm Peak Laboratory Cloud Property Validation Experiment (STORMVEX)
In October 2010, the initial deployment of the second ARM Mobile Facility (AMF2) took place at Steamboat Springs, Colorado, for the Storm Peak Laboratory Cloud Property Validation Experiment (STORMVEX). The objective of this field campaign was to obtain data about liquid and mixed-phase clouds using AMF2 instruments in conjunction with Storm Peak Laboratory (located at an elevation of 3220 meters on Mt. Werner), a cloud and aerosol research facility operated by the Desert Research Institute. STORMVEX datasets are freely available for viewing and download. Users are asked to register with the ARM Archive; the user's email address is used from that time forward as the login name.
On a periodicity measure and superoscillations
The phenomenon of superoscillation, where band limited signals can oscillate over some time period with a frequency higher than the band limit, is not only very interesting but it also seems to offer many practical applications. The first reason is that the superoscillation frequency can be exploited to perform tasks beyond the limits imposed by the lower bandwidth of the signal. The second reason is that it is generic and applies to any wave form, be it optical, electrical, sonic, or quantum mechanical. For practical applications, it is important to overcome two problems. The first problem is that an overwhelming proportion of the energy goes into the non superoscillating part of the signal. The second problem is the control of the shape of the superoscillating part of the signal. The first problem has been recently addressed by optimization of the super oscillation yield, the ratio of the energy in the superoscillations to the total energy of the signal. The second problem may arise when the superoscillation, is to mimic a high frequency purely perodic signal. This may be required, for example, when a superoscillating force is to drive a harmonic oscillator at a high resonance frequency. In this paper the degree of periodicity of a signal is defined and applied to some yield optimized superoscillating signals.
Nehemia Schwartz; Moshe Schwartz
Periodic Cluster Mutations and Related Integrable Maps
One of the remarkable properties of cluster algebras is that any cluster, obtained from a sequence of mutations from an initial cluster, can be written as a Laurent polynomial in the initial cluster (known as the "Laurent phenomenon"). There are many nonlinear recurrences which exhibit the Laurent phenomenon and thus unexpectedly generate integer sequences. The mutation of a typical quiver will not generate a recurrence, but rather an erratic sequence of exchange relations. How do we "design" a quiver which gives rise to a given recurrence? A key role is played by the concept of "periodic cluster mutation", introduced in 2009. Each recurrence corresponds to a finite dimensional map. In the context of cluster mutations, these are called "cluster maps". What properties do cluster maps have? Are they integrable in some standard sense? In this review I describe how integrable maps arise in the context of cluster mutations. I first explain the concept of "periodic cluster mutation", giving some classification results. I then give a review of what is meant by an integrable map and apply this to cluster maps. Two classes of integrable maps are related to interesting monodromy problems, which generate interesting Poisson algebras of functions, used to prove complete integrability and a linearisation. A connections to the Hirota-Miwa equation is explained.
Allan P Fordy
Electromagnetic Siegert states for periodic dielectric structures
The formalism of Siegert states to describe the resonant scattering in quantum theory is extended to the resonant scattering of electromagnetic waves on periodic dielectric arrays. The excitation of electromagnetic Siegert states by an incident wave packet and their decay is studied. The formalism is applied to develop a theory of coupled electromagnetic resonances arising in the electromagnetic scattering problem for two such arrays separated by a distance 2h (or, generally, when the physical properties of the scattering array depend on a real coupling parameter h). Analytic properties of Siegert states as functions of the coupling parameter h are established by the Regular Perturbation Theorem which is an extension the Kato-Rellich theorem to the present case. By means of this theorem, it is proved that if the scattering structure admits a bound state in the radiation continuum at a certain value of the coupling parameter h, then there always exist regions within the structure in which the near field can be amplified as much as desired by adjusting the value of h. This establishes a rather general mechanism to control and amplify optical nonlinear effects in periodically structured planar structures possessing a nonlinear dielectric susceptibility.
Friends R. Ndangali; Sergei V. Shabanov
Physics of collisionless scrape-off-layer plasma during normal and off-normal Tokamak operating conditions.
The structure of a collisionless scrape-off-layer (SOL) plasma in tokamak reactors is being studied to define the electron distribution function and the corresponding sheath potential between the divertor plate and the edge plasma. The collisionless model is shown to be valid during the thermal phase of a plasma disruption, as well as during the newly desired low-recycling normal phase of operation with low-density, high-temperature, edge plasma conditions. An analytical solution is developed by solving the Fokker-Planck equation for electron distribution and balance in the SOL. The solution is in good agreement with numerical studies using Monte-Carlo methods. The analytical solutions provide an insight to the role of different physical and geometrical processes in a collisionless SOL during disruptions and during the enhanced phase of normal operation over a wide range of parameters.
Hassanein, A.; Konkashbaev, I.
GreenDM: A Versatile Tiering Hybrid Drive for the Trade-Off Evaluation of Performance, Energy, and
GreenDM: A Versatile Tiering Hybrid Drive for the Trade-Off Evaluation of Performance, EnergyDM: A Versatile Tiering Hybrid Drive for the Trade-Off Evaluation of Performance, Energy, and Endurance by Zhichao There are trade-offs among performance, energy, and device endurance for storage systems. These trade-offs become
Zadok, Erez
Fuel Used for Off-Road Recreation: A Reassessment of the Fuel Use Model
Fuel Used for Off-Road Recreation: A Reassessment of the Fuel Use Model Stacy C. Davis Lorena F. Truett Patricia S. Hu #12;ORNL/TM-1999/100 Fuel Used for Off-Road Recreation: A Reassessment of the Fuel.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-96OR22464 #12;#12;Fuel Used for Off-Road Recreation
, the sizing of the renewable energy and rainwater harvesting systems was performed to provide for daily needs as well as cumulative needs during the critical periods, in order to achieve complete self sufficiency in terms of energy and water use. The analysis...
Fact #634: August 2, 2010 Off-highway Transportation-related...
graph showing the 2008 off-highway transportation-related fuel consumption including gasoline, diesel, CNG, and LPG for the following areas: railroad maintenance; airport ground;...
ADEC II Universal SCR Retrofit System for On-road and Off-road Diesel Engines Richard Carlson Extengine Transport Systems, LLC Fullerton, California 2006 DEER Conference Poster...
Efficiency of static core turn-off in a system-on-a-chip with variation
A processor-implemented method for improving efficiency of a static core turn-off in a multi-core processor with variation, the method comprising: conducting via a simulation a turn-off analysis of the multi-core processor at the multi-core processor's design stage, wherein the turn-off analysis of the multi-core processor at the multi-core processor's design stage includes a first output corresponding to a first multi-core processor core to turn off; conducting a turn-off analysis of the multi-core processor at the multi-core processor's testing stage, wherein the turn-off analysis of the multi-core processor at the multi-core processor's testing stage includes a second output corresponding to a second multi-core processor core to turn off; comparing the first output and the second output to determine if the first output is referring to the same core to turn off as the second output; outputting a third output corresponding to the first multi-core processor core if the first output and the second output are both referring to the same core to turn off.
Cher, Chen-Yong; Coteus, Paul W; Gara, Alan; Kursun, Eren; Paulsen, David P; Schuelke, Brian A; Sheets, II, John E; Tian, Shurong
Crime Alert: Residential Burglaries on and off Campus during the Thanksgiving Weekend
Crime Alert: Residential Burglaries on and off Campus during the Thanksgiving Weekend Two residential burglaries were reported to UCPD that occurred sometime during the Thanksgiving holiday weekend
A peaks-over-threshold analysis of extreme traffic load effects on bridges Franziska Schmidt, Xiao Yi Zhou, Franois Toutlemonde
extreme traffic load or traffic load effect. These are: i. a half-normal curve fitted to the end1 A peaks-over-threshold analysis of extreme traffic load effects on bridges Franziska Schmidt focuses on modeling and estimating tail parameters of bridge traffic load effects by generalized Pareto
Paris-Sud XI, Universit� de
COLL-C 103: Critical Approaches to the Arts & Sciences, Fall 2012 TOPIC: Pleasure, Pain, and Peak Oil
Oil Instructor: Dr. Lisa Sideris Department of Religious Studies email@example.com Class meetings: Tuesday/Thursday 11:15-12:30 Course Description: American society is addicted to oil. Halting any. Pressing environmental issues such as peak oil and climate change may well bring a radical reevaluation
Indiana University
Application Hosting and Management for Top Technology and Expertise Keep Your WebSphere Commerce Solution in Peak Shape
integrations, and service availability · Proactive response to resolve and triage failure or error alerts · Ongoing data management and retention · Patch management and maintenance of WebSphere® Commerce including, availability and scalability of your site · Easily adjust to traffic fluctuations and peak demands · Resolve
Fisher, Kathleen
Dynamic Control of Electricity Cost with Power Demand Smoothing and Peak Shaving for Distributed Internet Data Centers
Dynamic Control of Electricity Cost with Power Demand Smoothing and Peak Shaving for Distributed a major part of their running costs. Modern electric power grid provides a feasible way to dynamically and efficiently manage the electricity cost of distributed IDCs based on the Locational Marginal Pricing (LMP
Rahman, A.K.M. Ashikur
Green Scheduling of Control Systems for Peak Demand Reduction Truong X. Nghiem, Madhur Behl, Rahul Mangharam and George J. Pappas
and refrigeration operate independently of each other and frequently result in temporally correlated energy demand of energy demand by scheduling the control systems within a constrained peak while ensuring custom climate and refrigeration (HVAC&R) systems, chiller sys- tems, and lighting systems operate independently of each other
TSNo s02-peak104427-P Direct Determination of Phosphate Species in Alum-Amended Poultry Litter.
TSNo s02-peak104427-P Title Direct Determination of Phosphate Species in Alum-Amended Poultry in the eastern United States today. Decades of intensive poultry litter application to sandy, low-lying soils in poultry litter with wastewater coagulants such as alum (aluminum sulfate). It has been proven
Sparks, Donald L.
Periodic table for topological insulators and superconductors
Gapped phases of noninteracting fermions, with and without charge conservation and time-reversal symmetry, are classified using Bott periodicity. The symmetry and spatial dimension determines a general universality class, which corresponds to one of the 2 types of complex and 8 types of real Clifford algebras. The phases within a given class are further characterized by a topological invariant, an element of some Abelian group that can be 0, Z, or Z_2. The interface between two infinite phases with different topological numbers must carry some gapless mode. Topological properties of finite systems are described in terms of K-homology. This classification is robust with respect to disorder, provided electron states near the Fermi energy are absent or localized. In some cases (e.g., integer quantum Hall systems) the K-theoretic classification is stable to interactions, but a counterexample is also given.
Alexei Kitaev
Steady periodic gravity waves with surface tension
In this paper we consider two-dimensional, stratified, steady water waves propagating over an impermeable flat bed and with a free surface. The motion is assumed to be driven by capillarity (that is, surface tension) on the surface and a gravitational force acting on the body of the fluid. We prove the existence of global continua of classical solutions that are periodic and traveling. This is accomplished by first constructing a 1-parameter family of laminar flow solutions, $\\mathcal{T}$, then applying bifurcation theory methods to obtain local curves of small amplitude solutions branching from $\\mathcal{T}$ at an eigenvalue of the linearized problem. Each solution curve is then continued globally by means of a degree theoretic theorem in the spirit of Rabinowitz. Finally, we complement the degree theoretic picture by proving an alternate global bifurcation theorem via the analytic continuation method of Dancer.
Samuel Walsh
Fluorescence in nonlocal dissipative periodic structures
We present an approach for the description of fluorescence from optically active material embedded in layered periodic structures. Based on an exact electromagnetic Green's tensor analysis, we determine the radiative properties of emitters such as the local photonic density of states, Lamb shifts, line widths etc. for a finite or infinite sequence of thin alternating plasmonic and dielectric layers. In the effective medium limit, these systems may exhibit hyperbolic dispersion relations so that the large wave-vector characteristics of all constituents and processes become relevant. These include the finite thickness of the layers, the nonlocal properties of the constituent metals, and local-field corrections associated with an emitter's dielectric environment. In particular, we show that the corresponding effects are non-additive and lead to considerable modifications of an emitter's luminescence properties.
Francesco Intravaia; Kurt Busch
Temperature and density evolution during decay in a 2.45 GHz hydrogen electron cyclotron resonance plasma: Off-resonant and resonant cases
Time resolved electron temperature and density measurements during the decay stage in a hydrogen electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma are presented for a resonance and off-resonance magnetic field configurations. The measurements are conducted on a ECR plasma generator excited at 2.45 GHz denominated test-bench for ion-sources plasma studies at ESS Bilbao. The plasma parameters evolution is studied by Langmuir probe diagnostic with synchronized sample technique developed for repetitive pulsed plasmas with a temporal resolution of 200 ns in typical decay processes of about 40 ?s. An afterglow transient is clearly observed in the reflected microwave power signal from the plasma. Simultaneously, the electron temperature evolution shows rebounding peaks that may be related to the interplay between density drop and microwave coupling with deep impact on the Electron Energy Distribution Function. The correlation of such structures with the plasma absorbed power and the coupling quality is also reported.
Cort�zar, O. D. [ESS Bilbao, Edificio Cosimet, Landabarri 2, 48940-Leioa, Vizcaya (Spain) [ESS Bilbao, Edificio Cosimet, Landabarri 2, 48940-Leioa, Vizcaya (Spain); Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, ETSII, C.J. Cela s/n, 13170 Ciudad Real (Spain); Meg�a-Mac�as, A.; Vizca�no-de-Juli�n, A. [ESS Bilbao, Edificio Cosimet, Landabarri 2, 48940-Leioa, Vizcaya (Spain)] [ESS Bilbao, Edificio Cosimet, Landabarri 2, 48940-Leioa, Vizcaya (Spain)
Constraints on the Higgs boson width from off-shell production and decay to Z-boson pairs
Constraints are presented on the total width of the recently discovered Higgs boson, Gamma[H], using its relative on-shell and off-shell production and decay rates to a pair of Z bosons, where one Z boson decays to an electron or muon pair, and the other to an electron, muon, or neutrino pair. The analysis is based on the data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2011 and 2012, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 5.1 inverse femtobarns at a centre-of-mass energy sqrt(s) = 7 TeV and 19.7 inverse femtobarns at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV. A simultaneous maximum likelihood fit to the measured kinematic distributions near the resonance peak and above the Z-boson pair production threshold leads to an upper limit on the Higgs boson width of Gamma[H] < 22 MeV at a 95% confidence level, which is 5.4 times the expected value in the standard model at the measured mass.
CMS Collaboration
Periodic Modulations in an X-ray Flare from Sagittarius A*
We present the highly significant detection of a quasi-periodic flux modulation with a period of 22.2 min seen in the X-ray data of the Sgr A* flare of 2004 August 31. This flaring event, which lasted a total of about three hours, was detected simultaneously by EPIC on XMM-Newton and the NICMOS near-infrared camera on the HST. Given the inherent difficulty in, and the lack of readily available methods for quantifying the probability of a periodic signal detected over only several cycles in a data set where red noise can be important, we developed a general method for quantifying the likelihood that such a modulation is indeed intrinsic to the source and does not arise from background fluctuations. We here describe this Monte Carlo based method, and discuss the results obtained by its application to a other XMM-Newton data sets. Under the simplest hypothesis that we witnessed a transient event that evolved, peaked and decayed near the marginally stable orbit of the supermassive black hole, this result implies that for a mass of 3.5 x 10^{6} Msun, the central object must have an angular momentum corresponding to a spin parameter of a=0.22.
Guillaume Belanger; Regis Terrier; Okkie De Jager; Andrea Goldwurm; Fulvio Melia
Relationship between ignition processes and the lift-off length of diesel fuel jets.
The reaction zone of a diesel fuel jet stabilizes at a location downstream of the fuel injector once the initial autoignition phase is over. This distance is referred to as flame lift-off length. Recent investigations have examined the effects of a wide range of parameters (injection pressure, orifice diameter, and ambient gas temperature, density and oxygen concentration) on lift-off length under quiescent diesel conditions. Many of the experimental trends in lift-off length were in agreement with scaling laws developed for turbulent, premixed flame propagation in gas-jet lifted flames at atmospheric conditions. However, several effects did not correlate with the gas-jet scaling laws, suggesting that other mechanisms could be important to lift-off stabilization at diesel conditions. This paper shows experimental evidence that ignition processes affect diesel lift-off stabilization. Experiments were performed in the same optically-accessible combustion vessel as the previous lift-off research. The experimental results show that the ignition quality of a fuel affects lift-off. Fuels with shorter ignition delays generally produce shorter lift-off lengths. In addition, a cool flame is found upstream of, or near the same axial location as, the quasi-steady lift-off length, indicating that first-stage ignition processes affect lift-off. High-speed chemiluminescence imaging also shows that high-temperature self-ignition occasionally occurs in kernels that are upstream of, and detached from, the high-temperature reaction zone downstream, suggesting that the lift-off stabilization is not by flame propagation into upstream reactants in this instance. Finally, analysis of the previous lift-off length database shows that the time-scale for jet mixing from injector-tip orifice to lift-off length collapses to an Arrhenius-type expression, a common method for describing ignition delay in diesel sprays. This Arrhenius-based lift-off length correlation shows comparable accuracy as a previous power-law fit of the No.2 diesel lift-off length database.
Siebers, Dennis L.; Idicheria, Cherian A.; Pickett, Lyle M.
Off-line compatible electronic cash method and system
An off-line electronic cash system having an electronic coin, a bank B, a payee S, and a user U with an account at the bank B as well as a user password z{sub u,i}, has a method for performing an electronic cash transfer. An electronic coin is withdrawn from the bank B by the user U and an electronic record of the electronic coin is stored by the bank B. The coin is paid to the payee S by the user U. The payee S deposits the coin with the bank B. A determination is made that the coin is spent and the record of the coin is deleted by the bank B. A further deposit of the same coin after the record is deleted is determined. Additionally, a determination is made which user U originally withdrew the coin after deleting the record. To perform these operations a key pair is generated by the user, including public and secret signature keys. The public signature key along with a user password z{sub u,i} and a withdrawal amount are sent to the bank B by the user U. In response, the bank B sends a coin to the user U signed by the secret key of the bank indicating the value of the coin and the public key of the user U. The payee S transmits a challenge counter to the user U prior to receiving the coin. 16 figs.
Kravitz, D.W.; Gemmell, P.S.; Brickell, E.F.
This report is a product of our ongoing effort to support the development of high-quality yet affordable products for off-grid lighting in the developing world that have good potential to succeed in the market. The effort includes work to develop low-cost testing procedures, to identify useful performance metrics, and to facilitate the development of industry standards and product rating protocols. We conducted laboratory testing of nine distinct product lines. In some cases we also tested multiple generations of a single product line and/or operating modes for a product. The resultsare summarized in Table 1. We found that power consumption and light output varied by nearly a factor of 12, with efficacy varying by a factor of more than six. Of particular note, overall luminous efficacy varied from 8.2 to 53.1 lumens per watt. Color quality indices variedmaterially, especially for correlated color temperature. Maximum illuminance, beamcandlepower, and luminance varied by 8x, 32x, and 61x respectively, suggesting considerable differences among products in terms of service levels and visual comfort. Glare varied by1.4x, and was above acceptable thresholds in most cases. Optical losses play a role in overall performance, varying by a factor of 3.2 and ranging as high as 24percent. These findings collectively indicate considerable potential for improved product design.
Granderson, Jessica; Galvin, James; Bolotov, Dmitriy; Clear, Robert; Jacobson, Arne; Mills, Evan
Numerical Relativity in Spherical Polar Coordinates: Off-center Simulations
We have recently presented a new approach for numerical relativity simulations in spherical polar coordinates, both for vacuum and for relativistic hydrodynamics. Our approach is based on a reference-metric formulation of the BSSN equations, a factoring of all tensor components, as well as a partially implicit Runge-Kutta method, and does not rely on a regularization of the equations, nor does it make any assumptions about the symmetry across the origin. In order to demonstrate this feature we present here several off-centered simulations, including simulations of single black holes and neutron stars whose center is placed away from the origin of the coordinate system, as well as the asymmetric head-on collision of two black holes. We also revisit our implementation of relativistic hydrodynamics and demonstrate that a reference-metric formulation of hydrodynamics together with a factoring of all tensor components avoids problems related to the coordinate singularities at the origin and on the axes. As a particularly demanding test we present results for a shock wave propagating through the origin of the spherical polar coordinate system.
Thomas W. Baumgarte; Pedro J. Montero; Ewald M�ller
We have recently presented a new approach for numerical relativity simulations in spherical polar coordinates, both for vacuum and for relativistic hydrodynamics. Our approach is based on a reference-metric formulation of the BSSN equations, a factoring of all tensor components, as well as a partially implicit Runge-Kutta method, and does not rely on a regularization of the equations, nor does it make any assumptions about the symmetry across the origin. In order to demonstrate this feature we present here several off-centered simulations, including simulations of single black holes and neutron stars whose center is placed away from the origin of the coordinate system, as well as the asymmetric head-on collision of two black holes. We also revisit our implementation of relativistic hydrodynamics and demonstrate that a reference-metric formulation of hydrodynamics together with a factoring of all tensor components avoids problems related to the coordinate singularities at the origin and on the axes. As a parti...
Baumgarte, Thomas W; M�ller, Ewald
Limitations and Opportunities of Off-Shell Coupling Measurements
Indirect constraints on the total Higgs width $\\Gamma_h$ from correlating Higgs signal strengths with cross section measurements in the off-shell region for $p(g)p(g)\\to 4\\ell$ production have received considerable attention recently, and the CMS collaboration have published a first measurement. We revisit this analysis from a new physics and unitarity constraints perspective and conclude that limits on $\\Gamma_h$ obtained in this fashion are not reliable unless we make model-specific assumptions, which cannot be justified at the current stage of the LHC programme. Relaxing the $\\Gamma_h$ interpretation, we discuss the merits of high invariant mass cross section measurements in the context of Higgs CP analyses, higher dimensional operator testing, and resolved new physics in the light of electroweak precision constraints beyond effective theory limitations. Furthermore, we show that a rather model-independent LHC constraint can be obtained from adapting the $gg\\to 4\\ell$ analysis to the weak boson fusion channels at lower statistical yield.
Christoph Englert; Michael Spannowsky
Anthrax Sampling and Decontamination: Technology Trade-Offs
The goal of this project was to answer the following questions concerning response to a future anthrax release (or suspected release) in a building: 1. Based on past experience, what rules of thumb can be determined concerning: (a) the amount of sampling that may be needed to determine the extent of contamination within a given building; (b) what portions of a building should be sampled; (c) the cost per square foot to decontaminate a given type of building using a given method; (d) the time required to prepare for, and perform, decontamination; (e) the effectiveness of a given decontamination method in a given type of building? 2. Based on past experience, what resources will be spent on evaluating the extent of contamination, performing decontamination, and assessing the effectiveness of the decontamination in abuilding of a given type and size? 3. What are the trade-offs between cost, time, and effectiveness for the various sampling plans, sampling methods, and decontamination methods that have been used in the past?
Price, Phillip N.; Hamachi, Kristina; McWilliams, Jennifer; Sohn, Michael D.
DAY VERSUS NIGHT ACTIVITY OF REEF FISHES IN A KELP FOREST OFF SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA ALFRED W. EBELING AND RICHARD N. BRAY! ABSTRACT Vertical distributions and feeding activities of residential kelp-bed fishes were compared between day and night in an area of reef and kelp off Santa Barbara, Calif
FOOD AND HABITAT OF THREE SWITCH-FEEDING FISHES IN THE KELP FORESTS OFF SANTABARBARA, CALIFORNIA the blue rockfish, Sebastes mystinus, kelp bass, Parolabrax clathratus, and oliverockfish, Sebastes serronoides, all ofwhich cooccur in areas ofreefand giant kelp off Santa Barbara, Calif. The three species
FOOD, ACTIVITY, AND HABITAT OF THREE "PICKER·TYPE" MICROCARNIVOROUS FISHES IN THE KELP FORESTS OFF, and habitat preference were compared between the kelp perch, Brachyistius frenatus; the sefiorita, Oxyjulis californica; and the white seaperch, Phanerodonfurcatus, all of which co-occur in areas of reef and kelp off
Underwater Bomb Trajectory Prediction for Stand-off Assault (Mine/IED) Breaching Weapon
Underwater Bomb Trajectory Prediction for Stand-off Assault (Mine/IED) Breaching Weapon Fuse To support the development and evaluation of the Stand-off Assault Breaching Weapon Fuse Improvement (SOABWFI for developing an effective system for use against IEDs and mines. The Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM
Chu, Peter C.
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