text:
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Ecological Modelling 192 (2006) 143159 Nitrogen transformation and transport modeling
E-Print Network [OSTI]
model; Transformation; Transport; Nitrification; Denitrification; RT3D 1. Introduction Nitrogen of this paper are to develop a nitro- gen transport and transformation model for saturated groundwater systemsEcological Modelling 192 (2006) 143159 Nitrogen transformation and transport modeling
Clement, Prabhakar
Measurement of nitrogen content in a gas mixture by transforming the nitrogen into a substance detectable with nondispersive infrared detection
DOE Patents [OSTI]
A method of determining the amount of nitrogen in a gas mixture. The constituent gases of the mixture are dissociated and transformed to create a substance that may measured using nondispersive infrared adsorption techniques.
Owen, Thomas E. (Helotes, TX); Miller, Michael A. (San Antonio, TX)
Elevated CO2 and O3 Alter Soil Nitrogen Transformations beneath
Elevated CO2 and O3 Alter Soil Nitrogen Transformations beneath Trembling Aspen, Paper Birch, North Carolina 27695, USA ABSTRACT Nitrogen cycling in northern temperate forest ecosystems could change to a negative feed- back on N availability. Key words: Acer saccharum; Betula papyrifera; Carbon dioxide; FACE
Prochlorococcus genetic transformation and genomics of nitrogen metabolism
Prochlorococcus, a unicellular cyanobacterium, is the most abundant phytoplankton in the oligotrophic, oceanic gyres where major plant nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are at nanomolar concentrations. ...
Tolonen, Andrew Carl
Characterizing the transformation and transfer of nitrogen during the aerobic treatment of organic wastes and digestates
SciTech Connect (OSTI)
Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Ammonia emissions varied depending on the nature of wastes and the treatment conditions. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Nitrogen losses resulted from ammonia emissions and nitrification-denitrification. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Ammonification can be estimated from biodegradable carbon and carbon/nitrogen ratio. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Ammonification was the main process contributing to N losses. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Nitrification rate was negatively correlated to stripping rate of ammonia nitrogen. - Abstract: The transformation and transfer of nitrogen during the aerobic treatment of seven wastes were studied in ventilated air-tight 10-L reactors at 35 Degree-Sign C. Studied wastes included distinct types of organic wastes and their digestates. Ammonia emissions varied depending on the kind of waste and treatment conditions. These emissions accounted for 2-43% of the initial nitrogen. Total nitrogen losses, which resulted mainly from ammonia emissions and nitrification-denitrification, accounted for 1-76% of the initial nitrogen. Ammonification was the main process responsible for nitrogen losses. An equation which allows estimating the ammonification flow of each type of waste according to its biodegradable carbon and carbon/nitrogen ratio was proposed. As a consequence of the lower contribution of storage and leachate rates, stripping and nitrification rates of ammonia nitrogen were negatively correlated. This observation suggests the possibility of promotingnitrification in order to reduce ammonia emissions.
Zeng Yang, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Irstea, UR GERE, 17 avenue de Cucille, CS 64427, F-35044 Rennes Cedex (France); Universite Europeenne de Bretagne, F-35000 Rennes (France); Guardia, Amaury de; Daumoin, Mylene; Benoist, Jean-Claude [Irstea, UR GERE, 17 avenue de Cucille, CS 64427, F-35044 Rennes Cedex (France)
Ammonia volatilization and nitrogen transformations in high pH soils used for beef manure disposal
. The total nitrogen losses in the limed treatments were believed to be caused by the high solubility of organic matter in high pH solutions followed by chemical volatilization of nitrogen as ammonia. Most of this ammonia was believed to have remained... as par t of the soil air and was lost when the soil samples were taken from the columns. Denitrification was believed to be responsible for losses in the unlimed treatments. Comparison of final organic and total inorganic nitrogen concen- trationss...
Peters, Robert Edgar
Accredited Standards Committee (ASC) N15, Methods of Nuclear Material Control, is sponsored by the Institute of Nuclear Materials Management (INMM) to develop standards for protection, control and accounting of special nuclear materials in all phases of the nuclear fuel cycle, including analytical procedures where necessary and special to this purpose, except that physical protection of special nuclear material within a nuclear power plant is not included. Voluntary consensus standards complement federal regulations and technical standards and fulfill an important role for the nuclear regulatory agencies. This paper describes the N15 standards development process, with INMM as the Standards Developing Organization (SDO) and the N15 Committee responsible for implementation. Key components of the N15 standards development process include ANSI accreditation; compliance with the ANSI Essential Requirements (ER), coordination with other SDOs, communication with stakeholders, maintenance of balance between interest categories, and ANSI periodic audits. Recent and future ASC N15 activities are discussed, with a particular focus on new directions in anticipation of renewed growth in nuclear power.
Mathews, Caroline E.; May, Melanie; Preston, Lynne
N-15 NMR spectra of naturally abundant nitrogen in soil and aquatic...
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
Soil samples include humic and fulvic acids from the Elliot soil, Minnesota Waskish peat and Florida Pahokee peat, as well as the Summit Hill soil humic acid and the Leonardite...
N-15 NMR spectra of naturally abundant nitrogen in soil and aquatic natural
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth7-1D: VegetationEquipment SurfacesResource ProgramModificationEnzyme-FunctionalizedCirculatoryo r t h Forganic
Absolute atomic oxygen and nitrogen densities in radio-frequency driven atmospheric pressure cold plasmas: Synchrotron vacuum ultra-violet high-resolution Fourier-transform absorption measurements
Reactive atomic species play a key role in emerging cold atmospheric pressure plasma applications, in particular, in plasma medicine. Absolute densities of atomic oxygen and atomic nitrogen were measured in a radio-frequency driven non-equilibrium plasma operated at atmospheric pressure using vacuum ultra-violet (VUV) absorption spectroscopy. The experiment was conducted on the DESIRS synchrotron beamline using a unique VUV Fourier-transform spectrometer. Measurements were carried out in plasmas operated in helium with air-like N{sub 2}/O{sub 2} (4:1) admixtures. A maximum in the O-atom concentration of (9.1 {+-} 0.7) Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 20} m{sup -3} was found at admixtures of 0.35 vol. %, while the N-atom concentration exhibits a maximum of (5.7 {+-} 0.4) Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 19} m{sup -3} at 0.1 vol. %.
Niemi, K.; O'Connell, D.; Gans, T. [York Plasma Institute, Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD (United Kingdom); Oliveira, N. de; Joyeux, D.; Nahon, L. [Synchrotron Soleil, l'Orme des Merisiers, St. Aubin BP 48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex (France); Booth, J. P. [Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas-CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau (France)
temperature superconductor) power devices, such as HTS transformers, fault current limiters, and terminals power transformer cooled by natural convection of subcooled liquid nitrogen. A liquid nitrogen bath of subcooled liquid nitrogen system for an HTS transformer, operating at around 65 K. This system consists
Chang, Ho-Myung
Nitrogen sorption
Nitrogen-sorbing and -desorbing compositions and methods of using the same are disclosed, which are useful for the selective separation of nitrogen from other gases, especially natural gas.
Friesen, Dwayne T. (Bend, OR); Babcock, Walter C. (Bend, OR); Edlund, David J. (Bend, OR); Miller, Warren K. (Bend, OR)
Friesen, D.T.; Babcock, W.C.; Edlund, D.J.; Miller, W.K.
Nitrogen-sorbing and -desorbing compositions and methods of using the same are disclosed, which are useful for the selective separation of nitrogen from other gases, especially natural gas. 5 figs.
Nutrient Management Module No. 3 Nitrogen Cycling,
, it is important to first understand the various transformations that N undergoes within the soil. Nitrogen Cycling to be the sum of ammonium and nitrate, although urea, a type of organic N, may also be plant available. Nitrogen a fraction) by dry yield (in lb/ac). It's useful to compare actual uptake rates to N fertilizer rates
Lawrence, Rick L.
including observed nitrogen dioxide, Pure Appl. Geophys,Stratosphere Observation of Nitrogen Dioxide Rates of Ozoneby photolysis of nitrogen dioxide and regeneration of ozone:
Johnston, Harold S.
including observed nitrogen dioxide," Pure App. Geophys.HN0 ) and probably nitrogen dioxide (N0 ) at a few parts perorganic molecule and nitrogen dioxide. Several examples
Modeling Transformation
Modeling Transformation What does each step do? #12;Transformation Procedure #12;Transformation Procedure #12;Building Your Model Yarn = chromosomal DNA Beads - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ribosomes #12;Add transformation solution Tube CaCl2 #12;Transformation solution: CaCl2
Rose, Michael R.
transformation restrictions
Integration of Graph Transformation and Temporal Logic for the Speci#12;cation of Distributed, namely distributed graph transformation and temporal logic. Distributed graph transformation is intended
Lyuu, Yuh-Dauh
Transformation Telepresence
Business Transformation through Telepresence Gaining Value with Enterprise Video Collaboration-based research and April, 2011 Business Transformation through Telepresence: Gaining Value with Enterprise Video be used to transform organizations. Why Does Your Business Need to Transform? Traditionally, organizations
Fisher, Kathleen
Transformations ENGINEERING
On the Complexity of the Discrete Fourier Transform and Related Linear Transforms Preliminary straight line program that computes an encoding of the Hadamard Transform. The transform itself can transforms, like the DFT. 1 Introduction The complexity of special linear transformations (computations
Gales, Mark
Radiative neutron capture on 9be, 14c, 14n, 15n and 16o at thermal and astrophysical energies
The total cross sections of the radiative neutron capture processes on 9Be, 14C, 14N, 15N, and 16O are described in the framework of the modified potential cluster model with the classification of orbital states according to Young tableaux. The continued interest in the study of these reactions is due, on the one hand, to the important role played by this process in the analysis of many fundamental properties of nuclei and nuclear reactions, and, on the other hand, to the wide use of the capture cross section data in the various applications of nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics, and, also, to the importance of the analysis of primordial nucleosynthesis in the Universe. This article is devoted to the description of results for the processes of the radiative neutron capture on certain light atomic nuclei at thermal and astrophysical energies. The considered capture reactions are not part of stellar thermonuclear cycles, but involve in the reaction chains of inhomogeneous Big Bang models.
Sergey Dubovichenko; Albert Dzhazairov-Kakhramanov; Nadezhda Afanasyeva
Transforming development
Transforming Java Bytecode Laurie Hendren, Patrick Lam, Jennifer for Analyzing and Transforming Java Bytecode -- p. 1/148 #12; ,Feng,Jennifer) Conclusion, Further Reading & Homework (Laurie) Soot, a Tool for Analyzing and Transforming Java Bytecode
Verbrugge, Clark
Transformations for densities Linear transformations
' & $ % Lecture 28 Transformations for densities Linear transformations 1-1 differentiable functions General transformations Expectation of a function 1 #12;' & $ % Transformations for discrete transformation of a U[0, 1] · Take X U[0, 1], so that fX(x) = 1 0 0 and set Y
Adler, Robert J.
Appell Transformation and Canonical Transforms
The interpretation of the optical Appell transformation, as previously elaborated in relation to the free-space paraxial propagation under both a rectangular and a circular cylindrical symmetry, is reviewed. Then, the caloric Appell transformation, well known in the theory of heat equation, is shown to be amenable for a similar interpretation involving the Laplace transform rather than the Fourier transform, when dealing with the 1D heat equation. Accordingly, when considering the radial heat equation, suitably defined Hankel-type transforms come to be involved in the inherent Appell transformation. The analysis is aimed at outlining the link between the Appell transformation and the canonical transforms.
Amalia Torre
Understanding Nitrogen Fixation
The purpose of our program is to explore fundamental chemistry relevant to the discovery of energy efficient methods for the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen (N{sub 2}) into more value-added nitrogen-containing organic molecules. Such transformations are key for domestic energy security and the reduction of fossil fuel dependencies. With DOE support, we have synthesized families of zirconium and hafnium dinitrogen complexes with elongated and activated N-N bonds that exhibit rich N{sub 2} functionalization chemistry. Having elucidated new methods for N-H bond formation from dihydrogen, C-H bonds and Broensted acids, we have since turned our attention to N-C bond construction. These reactions are particularly important for the synthesis of amines, heterocycles and hydrazines with a range of applications in the fine and commodity chemicals industries and as fuels. One recent highlight was the discovery of a new N{sub 2} cleavage reaction upon addition of carbon monoxide which resulted in the synthesis of an important fertilizer, oxamide, from the diatomics with the two strongest bonds in chemistry. Nitrogen-carbon bonds form the backbone of many important organic molecules, especially those used in the fertilizer and pharamaceutical industries. During the past year, we have continued our work in the synthesis of hydrazines of various substitution patterns, many of which are important precursors for heterocycles. In most instances, the direct functionalization of N{sub 2} offers a more efficient synthetic route than traditional organic methods. In addition, we have also discovered a unique CO-induced N{sub 2} bond cleavage reaction that simultaneously cleaves the N-N bond of the metal dinitrogen compound and assembles new C-C bond and two new N-C bonds. Treatment of the CO-functionalized core with weak Broensted acids liberated oxamide, H{sub 2}NC(O)C(O)NH{sub 2}, an important slow release fertilizer that is of interest to replace urea in many applications. The synthesis of ammonia, NH{sub 3}, from its elements, H{sub 2} and N{sub 2}, via the venerable Haber-Bosch process is one of the most significant technological achievements of the past century. Our research program seeks to discover new transition metal reagents and catalysts to disrupt the strong N {triple_bond} N bond in N{sub 2} and create new, fundamental chemical linkages for the construction of molecules with application as fuels, fertilizers and fine chemicals. With DOE support, our group has discovered a mild method for ammonia synthesis in solution as well as new methods for the construction of nitrogen-carbon bonds directly from N{sub 2}. Ideally these achievements will evolve into more efficient nitrogen fixation schemes that circumvent the high energy demands of industrial ammonia synthesis. Industrially, atmospheric nitrogen enters the synthetic cycle by the well-established Haber-Bosch process whereby N{sub 2} is hydrogenated to ammonia at high temperature and pressure. The commercialization of this reaction represents one of the greatest technological achievements of the 20th century as Haber-Bosch ammonia is responsible for supporting approximately 50% of the world's population and serves as the source of half of the nitrogen in the human body. The extreme reaction conditions required for an economical process have significant energy consequences, consuming 1% of the world's energy supply mostly in the form of pollution-intensive coal. Moreover, industrial H{sub 2} synthesis via the water gas shift reaction and the steam reforming of methane is fossil fuel intensive and produces CO{sub 2} as a byproduct. New synthetic methods that promote this thermodynamically favored transformation ({Delta}G{sup o} = -4.1 kcal/mol) under milder conditions or completely obviate it are therefore desirable. Most nitrogen-containing organic molecules are derived from ammonia (and hence rely on the Haber-Bosch and H{sub 2} synthesis processes) and direct synthesis from atmospheric nitrogen could, in principle, be more energy-efficient. This is particularly attractive giv
Paul J. Chirik
Nitrogen Dynamics in Sandy Freshwater Sediments (Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron)
of added 15NH4 + from lake water passing over dark sediment cores. Sediment-water fluxes of nitrogen at the sediment- water interface is derived from ammonium pro- duced from organic matter mineralization in surface ABSTRACT. Sediment-water nitrogen fluxes and transformations were examined at two sites in Sagi- naw Bay
Integral transformation and Darboux transformation
We review Darboux-Crum transformation of Heun's differential equation. By rewriting an integral transformation of Heun's differential equation into a form of elliptic functions, we see that the integral representation is a generalization of Darboux-Crum transformation. We also consider conservation of monodromy with respect to the transformations.
Kouichi Takemura
Market Transformation
Summarizes the goals and activities of the DOE Solar Energy Technologies Program efforts within its market transformation subprogram.
Not Available
transformations: representations
Overview 1. Number transformations: from one base to another 2. Integer representations 3. Real rate, caches... #12; ECS 50, Discussion on 4/25 2 Integer Transformation: From Decimal to Binary Let, Discussion on 4/25 3 Integer Transformation: From Binary to Decimal Compute the weight of each digit position
Nguyen, Dat H.
Transformation Composition
Proc. AGTIVE'99, to appear in LNCS Graph Transformation Modules and their Composition ? Frank,knirsch,kreo,email@example.com Abstract. In this paper, we investigate the notion of transformation modules as a structuring principle. Based on the notion of transformation units, a concept that allows to specify binary relations on graphs
Drewes, Frank
Transforming IMAGINATION
Our CAMPAIGN: Transforming MEDICINE Beyond IMAGINATION Endowed Professorships and Chairs #12;As, I know firsthand the many ways that endowed professorships can be transformative. Receiving the John. In the following pages, you can learn more about establishing your legacy by participating in the "Transforming
Weber, David J.
Our CAMPAIGN: Transforming MEDICINE Beyond IMAGINATION The School of Medicine Research Building in the Transforming Medicine Beyond Imagination Campaign, and to learn more about the specific needs, relative and translational research and help drive medical breakthroughs that will transform the health and well
Nitrogen dioxide detection
Method and apparatus for detecting the presence of gaseous nitrogen dioxide and determining the amount of gas which is present. Though polystyrene is normally an insulator, it becomes electrically conductive in the presence of nitrogen dioxide. Conductance or resistance of a polystyrene sensing element is related to the concentration of nitrogen dioxide at the sensing element.
Sinha, Dipen N. (Los Alamos, NM); Agnew, Stephen F. (Los Alamos, NM); Christensen, William H. (Buena Park, CA)
TRANSFORME Dpartement
GEODESIE et TRANSFORMATIONS GEODESIQUES Serge BEUCHER CMM Mines ParisTech Novembre 2013 #12;Cours transformation a la propriété suivante: dX,l+m = dX,l [ dX,m] · d est croissante et extensive · d est également croissante lorsqu'on la considère comme une transformation appliquée à l'espace géodésique X (Y fixé) YY
Mignotte, Max
Fuel Cell Technologies Publication and Product Library (EERE)
This Fuel Cell Technologies Program fact sheet outlines current status and challenges in the market transformation of hydrogen and fuel cell technologies.
transformers of kind #3; ! #3;: NatF : #3; ! #3; NatF := #21;X: 1 +X Nat : #3; Nat := #22; NatF #15; Works also
Nitrogen spark denoxer
A NO.sub.X control system for an internal combustion engine includes an oxygen enrichment device that produces oxygen and nitrogen enriched air. The nitrogen enriched air contains molecular nitrogen that is provided to a spark plug that is mounted in an exhaust outlet of an internal combustion engine. As the nitrogen enriched air is expelled at the spark gap of the spark plug, the nitrogen enriched air is exposed to a pulsating spark that is generated across the spark gap of the spark plug. The spark gap is elongated so that a sufficient amount of atomic nitrogen is produced and is injected into the exhaust of the internal combustion engine. The injection of the atomic nitrogen into the exhaust of the internal combustion engine causes the oxides of nitrogen to be reduced into nitrogen and oxygen such that the emissions from the engine will have acceptable levels of NO.sub.X. The oxygen enrichment device that produces both the oxygen and nitrogen enriched air can include a selectively permeable membrane.
Ng, Henry K. (Naperville, IL); Novick, Vincent J. (Downers Grove, IL); Sekar, Ramanujam R. (Naperville, IL)
to A if there is a transformation R which for every input x of B yields an equivalent input R(x) of A. { The answer to x for B
Beucher, Serge
Transformative copy
The ability to create an unlimited number of identical copies is a privilege of digital documents. What if that would not be the case, if each copy of a digital file would go along with some sort of transformation? This ...
Offenhuber, Dietmar
Transforming America's Energy Economy Transforming America's
#12;Transforming America's Energy Economy Transforming America's Energy Economy This document #12;Transforming America's Energy Economy A. Introduction: A Call for Action B. Envisioning the Future.5 Energy Efficiency C. Charting the Path Forward 1 #12;Transforming America's Energy Economy
SPATIAL TRANSFORMATIONS 1 Running head: Spatial transformations
SPATIAL TRANSFORMATIONS 1 Running head: Spatial transformations Multiple Systems for Spatial Imagery: Transformations of Objects and Bodies Jeffrey M. Zacks* and Barbara Tversky * Washington COGNITION & COMPUTATION #12;SPATIAL TRANSFORMATIONS 2 Abstract Problem-solving often requires imagining
Zacks, Jeffrey M.
Fourier Transform Pairs The Fourier transform transforms a function of
Fourier Transform Pairs The Fourier transform transforms a function of time, f(t), into a function of frequency, F(s): F {f(t)}(s) = F(s) = Z - f(t)e- j2st dt. The inverse Fourier transform transforms a func. The inverse Fourier transform of the Fourier trans- form is the identity transform: f(t) = Z - Z - f()e- j2s
Masci, Frank
transform your thinking transform your environment
MBA #12;transform your thinking 2 transform your environment 18 transform your career 26 start your transformation now 34 transform yourself www.olin.wustl.edu/MBA #12;What distinguishes Washington University. But a great business school transforms the way you think, lead and give back to the world community. #12
Subramanian, Venkat
The Laplace Transform 1 Laplace transform and inverse transform
The Laplace Transform Name: 1 Laplace transform and inverse transform Definition. Let f(t) be a function defined for t 0. Then the integral L {f(t)} = 0 e-st f(t)dt is said to be the Laplace transform of f provided the integral converges. Fill in the following Laplace transforms. L {tn } = L {eat } = L
Yengulalp, Lynne
The Laplace Transform Name: 1 Laplace transform and inverse transform Definition. Let f be a function defined for t 0. Then the integral L {f(t)} = 0 e-st f(t)dt is said to be the Laplace transform of f provided the integral converges. Fill in the following Laplace transforms. L {tn } = n! sn+1 L
Performance of extended surface from a cryocooler for subcooling liquid nitrogen by natural convection
of cryocooling systems for HTS power devices without any forced circulation of liquid nitrogen. Since the cold for the HTS (high temperature superconductor) power devices over the past several years since liquid nitrogen et al. [3] have proposed a new cryo- genic concept for HTS transformer, operating in the range of 63
4, 23012331, 2004 Nitrogen oxides
of nitrogen oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) were performed simul- taneously with aerosolACPD 4, 23012331, 2004 Nitrogen oxides measurements in an Amazon site A. M. Cordova et al. Title and Physics Discussions Nitrogen oxides measurements in an Amazon site and enhancements associated with a cold
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
ORIGINAL PAPER Influence of tree species on carbon and nitrogen
/nutrient ratios, pH and nutrient contents according to the tree species (Vesterdal and Raulund-Rasmussen 1998ORIGINAL PAPER Influence of tree species on carbon and nitrogen transformation patterns in forest Science+Business Media B.V. 2011 Abstract · Background Among forest management practices, forest tree
Transformers Transformer device used to raise (for
Transformers Transformer device used to raise (for transmission) and lower (for use) the ac with different #s of turns #12;Transformers Alternating primary current induces alternating magnetic flux in iron dt d NV B PP -= dt d NV B SS -= S S P P N V N V = #12;Transformers Transformation of voltage
Bertulani, Carlos A. - Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University
Introduction to Image Transform Fourier Transform
Monad Transformers as Monoid Transformers Mauro Jaskelioff CIFASIS/Universidad Nacional de Rosario monadic semantics constructs complex monads by using monad transformers to add computational features transformers to monoid transformers. The generalization brings more simplicity and clarity, and opens the way
Chen, Chaur-Chin
Hough Transform Common Names: Hough transform
Hough Transform Common Names: Hough transform Brief Description The Hough transform is a technique that the desired features be specified in some parametric form, the classical Hough transform is most commonly used for the detection of regular curves such as lines, circles, ellipses, etc. A generalized Hough transform can
Solid Nitrogen at Extreme Conditions of High Pressure and Temperature
We review the phase diagram of nitrogen in a wide pressure and temperature range. Recent optical and x-ray diffraction studies at pressures up to 300 GPa and temperatures in excess of 1000 K have provided a wealth of information on the transformation of molecular nitrogen to a nonmolecular (polymeric) semiconducting and two new molecular phases. These newly found phases have very large stability (metastability) range. Moreover, two new molecular phases have considerably different orientational order from the previously known phases. In the iota phase (unlike most of other known molecular phases), N{sub 2} molecules are orientationally equivalent. The nitrogen molecules in the theta phase might be associated into larger aggregates, which is in line with theoretical predictions on polyatomic nitrogen.
Goncharov, A; Gregoryanz, E
Structural and electronic properties of dense liquid and amorphous nitrogen
We present first-principles calculations of the structural and electronic properties of liquid nitrogen in the pressure-temperature range of 0-200 GPa and 2000-6000 K. The molecular-polymerization and molecular-atomic liquid phase boundaries have been mapped over this region. We find the polymeric liquid to be metallic, similar to what has been reported for the higher-temperature atomic fluid. An explanation of the electronic properties is given based on the structure and bonding character of the transformed liquids. We discuss the structural and bonding differences between the polymeric liquid and insulating solid cubic-gauche nitrogen to explain the differences in their electronic properties. Furthermore, we discuss the mechanism responsible for charge transport in polymeric nitrogen systems to explain the conductivity of the polymeric fluid and the semi-conducting nature of low-temperature amorphous nitrogen.
Boates, B; Bonev, S A
Transformation and Quantization
Transformation and Quantization Shih-Hsuan Yang CSIE Department, NTUT #12;Contents Quantization and Distortion Analysis Lloyd Quantizer Vector Quantization Block Transforms Transform Kernels JPEG Other
Yang, Shih-Hsuan
Lorentz Transformations
This paper describes a particularly didactic and transparent derivation of basic properties of the Lorentz group. The generators for rotations and boosts along an arbitrary direction, as well as their commutation relations, are written as functions of the unit vectors that define the axis of rotation or the direction of the boost (an approach that can be compared with the one that in electrodynamics, works with the electric and magnetic fields instead of the Maxwell stress tensor). For finite values of the angle of rotation or the boost's velocity, collectively denoted by V, the existence of an exponential expansion for the coordinate transformation's matrix, M (in terms of GV where G is the generator) requires that the matrix's derivative with respect to V, be equal to GM. This condition can only be satisfied if the transformation is additive as it is indeed the case for rotations, but not for velocities. If it is assumed, however, that for boosts such an expansion exists, with V = V(v), v being the velocity, and if the above condition is imposed on the boost's matrix then its expression in terms of hyperbolic cosh(V) and sinh(V} is recovered, and the expression for V(= arc tanh(v)) is determined. A general Lorentz transformation can be written as an exponential containing the sum of a rotation and a boost, which to first order is equal to the product of a boost with a rotation. The calculations of the second and third order terms show that the equations for the generators used in this paper, allow to reliably infer the expressions for the higher order generators, without having recourse to the commutation relations. The transformationmatrices for Weyl spinors are derived for finite values of the rotation and velocity, and field representations, leading to the expression for the angular momentum operator, are studied.
Bernard R. Durney
Microbial Transformation of Nitrogen During S.M. Tiquial
volatilization, leach- ing, and run-off, ~ere are a number of microbially mediated processes (ammoni- fi9ation
Tiquia-Arashiro, Sonia M.
Testability Transformation --Program Transformation to Improve Testability
Testability Transformation -- Program Transformation to Improve Testability Mark Harman1 , Andr, 26 Richmond Street, Glasgow G1 1XH, UK. Corresponding Author. Abstract. Testability transformation. The goal is to improve the testing process by transforming a program to one that is more amenable
Binkley, David W.
Testability Transformation: Program Transformation to Improve Testability
Testability Transformation: Program Transformation to Improve Testability An Overview of Recent Author. Abstract. Testability transformation is a new form of program transfor- mation in which the goal to some chosen test adequacy criterion. The goal is to improve the testing process by transforming
Singer, Jeremy
Transformation Transformation Sommersemester 2012 1 / 121
Snelting, Gregor
Transformation Market Transformation is based on
Market Transformation Market Transformation is based on the concept that federal support can and reducing high insurance costs. Strategies Market Transformation's primary goal is to accelerate-world implementation Market transformation is built on forming partnerships with stakeholders through- out the country
Methane/nitrogen separation process
A membrane separation process is described for treating a gas stream containing methane and nitrogen, for example, natural gas. The separation process works by preferentially permeating methane and rejecting nitrogen. The authors have found that the process is able to meet natural gas pipeline specifications for nitrogen, with acceptably small methane loss, so long as the membrane can exhibit a methane/nitrogen selectivity of about 4, 5 or more. This selectivity can be achieved with some rubbery and super-glassy membranes at low temperatures. The process can also be used for separating ethylene from nitrogen. 11 figs.
Baker, R.W.; Lokhandwala, K.A.; Pinnau, I.; Segelke, S.
A membrane separation process for treating a gas stream containing methane and nitrogen, for example, natural gas. The separation process works by preferentially permeating methane and rejecting nitrogen. We have found that the process is able to meet natural gas pipeline specifications for nitrogen, with acceptably small methane loss, so long as the membrane can exhibit a methane/nitrogen selectivity of about 4, 5 or more. This selectivity can be achieved with some rubbery and super-glassy membranes at low temperatures. The process can also be used for separating ethylene from nitrogen.
Baker, Richard W. (Palo Alto, CA); Lokhandwala, Kaaeid A. (Menlo Park, CA); Pinnau, Ingo (Palo Alto, CA); Segelke, Scott (Mountain View, CA)
ARM - Measurement - Nitrogen
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsruc Documentation RUC : XDCResearch Relatedcontent ARM DatagovMeasurementsNitrogen ARM Data
Analyzing Signals Fourier transform
Page 1 1 Analyzing Signals Fourier transform s frequency content s linear combination of sin frequency analysis s windowed Fourier transform 6 #12;Page 4 7 Gabor Transform function to analyze window Gabor Transform Spatial domain Gabor domain b #12;Page 5 9 Gabor Transform Problems s discrete version
Sweldens, Wim
GIS TRANSFORMATIONS Conference Presentation
GIS TRANSFORMATIONS Conference Presentation Waldo Tobler Geography Department University, line, area, or field phenomena, then the sixteen common classes of transformation are: point -> point (scalar, vector, tensor) data, to obtain eighty distinct possible classes of transformation. The common
Tobler, Waldo
Transformations KolahdouzRahimi
An Incremental XSLT Transformation Processor for XML Document Manipulation Lionel Villard Nabil;Outline Motivation Incremental transformations Principles Static Analysis Incremental execution Conclusion presentation architecture NegotiationNegotiation Result of negotiation (Transformation Sheets) Result
Lano, Kevin Charles
Evaluating Transformer Losses
and replacing them with low loss units. Today few industrials evaluate losses on either power or distribution transformers. TRANSFORMER LOSSES Transformer losses are divided 'nto load losses and no-load losses. Load losses are due to the winding resista... therefore are a function of the load squared. No-load losses occur from energizing the transformer steel and fore are continuous regardless of the transformer load. TRANSFORMER DESIGN Both types of losses are a fun ce here ion of design. If losses...
Grun, R. L. Jr.
LUCIFERASE ASSAY PROTOCOL FROM TRANSFORMED TISSUE Special Note
LUCIFERASE ASSAY PROTOCOL FROM TRANSFORMED TISSUE Special Note: The Luciferase enzyme is unstable-ground samples. 2. Collect liquid nitrogen from downstairs and place 24 frozen tissue samples inside. 3. Place the power. 14.The luminometer cuvettes can be reused, BUT ONLY if they have been thoroughly soaked
Raizada, Manish N.
Learning Transformations From Video
on Natural Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Learning Continuous Transformation from VideoProposed Video Coder
Wang, Ching Ming
transformation languages Introduction
transformation languages Introduction Transformation languages are widely used for to process can I change / transform the design of a certain task without changing it's logic The common/and hierarchical or/and abstract set of information. It can even be a stream of data. · The transformation engine
Nierstrasz, Oscar
TRANSFORMATIONAL GOALS FOR THE 21ST CENTURY PROGRESS REPORT FALL 2014 #12;CONTENTS EXECUTIVE Transformational Goals progress report Fall 2014 #12;Transformational Goals Progress Report | FALL 20142 In 2010 Island Build a community at URI that values and embraces equity and diversity #12;Transformational Goals
Rhode Island, University of
What Happens to Nitrogen in Soils?
This publication explains the chemistry of nitrogen, the processes by which nitrogen is added to and removed from the soil, and methods of preventing nitrogen losses on agricultural lands....
Provin, Tony; Hossner, L. R.
Perfect NOT transformation and conjugate transformation
The perfect NOT transformation, probabilistic perfect NOT transformation and conjugate transformation are studied. Perfect NOT transformation criteria on a quantum state set $S$ of a qubit are obtained. Two necessary and sufficient conditions for realizing a perfect NOT transformation on $S$ are derived. When these conditions are not satisfied we discuss a probabilistic perfect NOT transformation (gate). We construct a probabilistic perfect NOT machine (gate) by a general unitary-reduction operation. With a postselection of the measurement outcomes, the probabilistic NOT gate yields perfectly complements of the input states. We prove that one can realize probabilistically the NOT gate of the input states secretly chosen from a certain set $S=\\{|\\Psi_1>, |\\Psi_2>,..., |\\Psi_n>\\}$ if and only if $|\\Psi_1>, |\\Psi_2>,...,$ and $|\\Psi_n>$ are linearly independent. We also generalize the probabilistic NOT transformation to the conjugate transformation in the multi-level quantum system. The lower bound of the best possible efficiencies attained by a probabilistic perfect conjugate transformation are obtained.
Fengli Yan; Ting Gao; Zhichao Yan
Eighth international congress on nitrogen fixation
This volume contains the proceedings of the Eighth International Congress on Nitrogen Fixation held May 20--26, 1990 in Knoxville, Tennessee. The volume contains abstracts of individual presentations. Sessions were entitled Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Nitrogen Fixation, Plant-microbe Interactions, Limiting Factors of Nitrogen Fixation, Nitrogen Fixation and the Environment, Bacterial Systems, Nitrogen Fixation in Agriculture and Industry, Plant Function, and Nitrogen Fixation and Evolution.
Molecular Characterization of Nitrogen Containing Organic Compounds...
Nitrogen Containing Organic Compounds in Biomass Burning Aerosols Using High Resolution Mass Molecular Characterization of Nitrogen Containing Organic Compounds in Biomass Burning...
Gauge transformations are canonical transformations, redux
In this short note we return to the old paper by Tai L. Chow (Eur. J. Phys. 18 (1997), 467-468) and correct its erroneous final part. We also note that the main result of that paper, that gauge transformations of mechanics are canonical transformations, was known much earlier.
Z. K. Silagadze
High-nitrogen explosives
The syntheses and characterization of various tetrazine and furazan compounds offer a different approach to explosives development. Traditional explosives - such as TNT or RDX - rely on the oxidation of the carbon and hydrogen atoms by the oxygen carrying nitro group to produce the explosive energy. High-nitrogen compounds rely instead on large positive heats of formation for that energy. Some of these high-nitrogen compounds have been shown to be less sensitive to initiation (e.g. by impact) when compared to traditional nitro-containing explosives of similar performances. Using the precursor, 3,6-bis-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-s-tetrazine (BDT), several useful energetic compounds based on the s-tetrazine system have been synthesized and studied. The compound, 3,3{prime}-azobis(6-amino-s-tetrazine) or DAAT, detonates as a half inch rate stick despite having no oxygen in the molecule. Using perfluoroacetic acid, DAAT can be oxidized to give mixtures of N-oxide isomers (DAAT03.5) with an average oxygen content of about 3.5. This energetic mixture burns at extremely high rates and with low dependency on pressure. Another tetrazine compound of interest is 3,6-diguanidino-s-tetrazine(DGT) and its dinitrate and diperchlorate salts. DGT is easily synthesized by reacting BDT with guanidine in methanol. Using Caro's acid, DGT can be further oxidized to give 3,6-diguanidino-s-tetrazine-1,4-di-N-oxide (DGT-DO). Like DGT, the di-N-oxide can react with nitric acid or perchloric acid to give the dinitrate and the diperchlorate salts. The compounds, 4,4{prime}-diamino-3,3{prime}-azoxyfurazan (DAAF) and 4,4{prime}-diamino-3,3{prime}-azofurazan (DAAzF), may have important future roles in insensitive explosive applications. Neither DAAF nor DAAzF can be initiated by laboratory impact drop tests, yet both have in some aspects better explosive performances than 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene TATB - the standard of insensitive high explosives. The thermal stability of DAAzF is equal to that of hexanitrostilbene (HNS), yet it has a greater CJ pressure and detonation velocity. In an effort to reduce the critical diameter of TATB without sacrificing its insensitivity, we have studied the explosive performances of TATB mixed with DAAzlF (X-0561) and TATB mixed with DAAF (X-0563).
Naud, D. (Darren); Hiskey, M. A. (Michael A.); Kramer, J. F. (John F.); Bishop, R. L. (Robert L.); Harry, H. H. (Herbert H.); Son, S. F. (Steven F.); Sullivan, G. K. (Gregg K.)
Landscapes of transformation
This thesis aims to examine the cultural effect of transformation through the lens of procedural techniques applied to the human body and architecture. The body and architecture both operate as landscapes of transformation. ...
Ambs, Emily (Emily Kiersten)
Metrics for enterprise transformation
The objective of this thesis is to depict the role of metrics in the evolving journey of enterprise transformation. To this end, three propositions are explored: (i) metrics and measurement systems drive transformation, ...
Blackburn, Craig D. (Craig David), S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Transformations Ordered set of
Modeling Transformations Michael Kazhdan (600.357 / 600.457) HB Ch. 5 FvDFH Ch. 5 #12;Anouncements · Assignment 2 has been posted! #12;Overview · Ray-Tracing so far · Modeling transformations #12;Ray Casting
Jacobs, David
The Patch Transform
The patch transform represents an image as a bag of overlapping patches sampled on a regular grid. This representation allows users to manipulate images in the patch domain, which then seeds the inverse patch transform to ...
Avidan, Shai
Managing Nitrogen Fertilizer in Cotton
To be profitable, cotton producers must manage fertilization efficiently. This publication reports the results of a 5-year study that showed over-fertilization with nitrogen is a common problem. There are specific recommendations for soil testing...
Hons, F. M.; McFarland, Mark L.; Lemon, Robert G.; Nichols, Robert L.; Mazac Jr., F. J.; Boman, R. K.; Saladino, V. A.; Jahn, R. L.; Stapper, J. R.
Rasmussen, R.A. (1976). Combustion as a source of nitrousx control for stationary combustion sources. Prog. Energy,CA, March 3-4, 1977 COMBUSTION SOURCES OF NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
Brown, Nancy J.
Chapter 6 LAPPED TRANSFORMS FOR IMAGE COMPRESSION Ricardo L. de Queiroz Digital Imaging Technology aspects of lapped transforms and their applications to image compression. It is a subject that has been extensively studied mainly because lapped transforms are closely related to filter banks, wavelets, and time
de Queiroz, Ricardo L.
TRANSFORMATIONAL GOALS FOR THE 21ST CENTURY The presidenT's 21sT cenTury fund for excellence #12;TRANSFORMATIONAL GOALS FOR THE 21ST CENTURY 1 THE UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND The University of Rhode Island and transform our approaches to teaching, research, and service so that we can prepare students for a rapidly
Transforming Health Research
Transforming Health Research the first two years National Institute for Health Research Progress For Information R OCR R ef: 0 Gateway R ef: 9298 Title Transforming Health Research the first two years. Health Institute for Health Research Progress Report i Transforming Health Research the first two years National
Diggle, Peter J.
transform e Construction
Abstraction by Symbolic Indexing Transformations Thomas F. Melham1 and Robert B. Jones2 1 describes some logical machinery aimed at bridging these gaps. We present an algorithm to transform ordinary-conditions that must hold for this transformation to be sound. We also describe how the algorithm can be applied
Csürös, Miklós
' & $ % Linear Transformations (Yet Again!!) Mark Gales CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT email@example.com 1 #12; ' & $ % Introduction Linear transformations within HMM systems have been shown to be very useful. ffl Adaptation: MLLR, SAT, CAT, Cluster Transform etc etc. ffl Feature space
Transforming Anxiety into ENERGYTM
Transforming Anxiety into ENERGYTM How to Prevent Panic and Promote Productivity in Turbulent Times By Wendy Mack with contributions from Meredith Kimbell and Myron Radio #12;Transforming Anxiety into Energy, consultants, and researchers who shared their stories and expertise. 1 #12;Transforming Anxiety into Energy
Maryland, Baltimore County, University of
Spacetime transformation acoustics
A recently proposed analogue transformation method has allowed the extension of transformation acoustics to general spacetime transformations. We analyze here in detail the differences between this new analogue transformation acoustics (ATA) method and the standard one (STA). We show explicitly that STA is not suitable for transformations that mix space and time. ATA takes as starting point the acoustic equation for the velocity potential, instead of that for the pressure as in STA. This velocity-potential equation by itself already allows for some transformations mixing space and time, but not all of them. We explicitly obtain the entire set of transformations that do not leave its form invariant. It is in these cases that ATA shows its true potential, allowing for building a transformation acoustics method that enables the full range of spacetime transformations. We provide an example of an important transformation which cannot be achieved with STA. Using this transformation, we design and simulate an acoustic frequency converter via the ATA approach. Furthermore, in those cases in which one can apply both the STA and ATA approaches, we study the different transformational properties of the corresponding physical quantities.
C. Garc�a-Meca; S. Carloni; C. Barcel�; G. Jannes; J. S�nchez-Dehesa; A. Mart�nez
TRANSFORM a electronics
THE DISCRETE FRACTIONAL FOURIER TRANSFORM a thesis submitted to the department of electrical TRANSFORM C ¸a~ gatay Candan M.S. in Electrical and Electronics Engineering Supervisor: Haldun M. ¨ Ozakta Transform (FrFT) is proposed, discussed and consolidated. The discrete trans form generalizes the Discrete
Candan, Cagatay
Transformation haskell-Programs
On the Transformation of Control Flow between Block-Oriented and Graph-Oriented Process Modeling E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract: Much recent research work discusses the transformation between differ. In this article, we aim to abstract from concrete transformations by distinguishing two major paradigms
Ábrahám, Erika
The Tunneling Transform
We supplement the Lorentz transform $L(v)$ with a new "Tunneling" transform $T(v)$. Application of this new transform to elementary quantum mechanics offers a novel, intuitive insight into the nature of quantum tunneling; in particular, the so called "Klein Paradox" is discussed.
Robert Hipple
Transforming Data into Knowledge
The Application Of Correctness Preserving Transformations To Software Maintenance J. Paul Gibson transformation (CPT), to a real software engineering prob- lem: the need for optimization during the maintenance of code. We present four program transformations and a model that forms a framework for proof
Giles, C. Lee
transforming human health
transforming human health AnnUAl REpoRt 20112012 #12;#12;how we're changing medical research 1 are transforming health. He proposed an entirely new theory for developing drugs to treat diseases that have malaria and solid tumors such as lung and breast cancers are in development. #12;A TrAnsformATive educ
Kenny, Paraic
Transforming our information systems
Transforming our information systems and technology Information Systems Development Framework #12 university. In support of this position we are transforming our information systems, servicesDonald Principal and Vice-Chancellor #12;Strategy for transformation Tactical Delivering the services and tools our
Strathclyde, University of
Zevenhoven & Kilpinen NITROGEN 18.1.2004 4-1 Chapter 4 Nitrogen
of the nitric oxide is oxidized to nitrogen dioxide, so the environmental effects of emissions of bothZevenhoven & Kilpinen NITROGEN 18.1.2004 4-1 Chapter 4 Nitrogen 4.1 Introduction Probably the most damaging of the hazardous nitrogen compounds formed during combustion are nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen
Zevenhoven, Ron
Zevenhoven & Kilpinen NITROGEN 13.4.2002 4-1 Chapter 4 Nitrogen
of the nitric oxide is oxidized to nitrogen dioxide, so the environmental effects of emissions of bothZevenhoven & Kilpinen NITROGEN 13.4.2002 4-1 Chapter 4 Nitrogen 4.1 Introduction Probably the most damaging of the hazardous nitrogen compounds formed during combustion are nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen
Laughlin, Robert B.
Invertible Darboux Transformations
For operators of many different kinds it has been proved that (generalized) Darboux transformations can be built using so called Wronskian formulae. Such Darboux transformations are not invertible in the sense that the corresponding mappings of the operator kernels are not invertible. The only known invertible ones were Laplace transformations (and their compositions), which are special cases of Darboux transformations for hyperbolic bivariate operators of order 2. In the present paper we find a criteria for a bivariate linear partial differential operator of an arbitrary order d to have an invertible Darboux transformation. We show that Wronkian formulae may fail in some cases, and find sufficient conditions for such formulae to work.
Ekaterina Shemyakova
Transformation Nets -A Runtime Model for Transformation Languages
Transformation Nets - A Runtime Model for Transformation Languages Johannes Schoenboeck Institute transformation languages. Although numerous approaches are available, they lack convenient facilities for supporting debugging and understand- ing of the transformation logic. This is not least because
Hochreiter, Sepp
Grid Transformation Workshop
3-03-Grid-Transformation-Workshop Sign In About | Careers | Contact | Investors | bpa.gov Search News & Us Expand News & Us Projects & Initiatives Expand Projects &...
Transforming a Transformative School | Department of Energy
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious Rank EERE:YearRound-Up from theDepartment of EnergyThe Sun andDepartmentTransformationalTransforming a
oxygen react to give nitrogen dioxide, which rapidly reactsis simultaneous, the nitrogen dioxide formed reacts withaccomplished by absorbing nitrogen dioxide in water, usually
Borrevik, R.K.
Deployment & Market Transformation (Brochure)
NREL's deployment and market transformation (D and MT) activities encompass the laboratory's full range of technologies, which span the energy efficiency and renewable energy spectrum. NREL staff educates partners on how they can advance sustainable energy applications and also provides clients with best practices for reducing barriers to innovation and market transformation.
Biochemical transformation of coals
A method of biochemically transforming macromolecular compounds found in solid carbonaceous materials, such as coal is provided. The preparation of new microorganisms, metabolically weaned through challenge growth processes to biochemically transform solid carbonaceous materials at extreme temperatures, pressures, pH, salt and toxic metal concentrations is also disclosed. 7 figs.
Lin, M.S.; Premuzic, E.T.
Exploring Functional Mellin Transforms
We define functional Mellin transforms within a scheme for functional integration proposed in [1]. Functional Mellin transforms can be used to define functional traces, logarithms, and determinants. The associated functional integrals are useful tools for probing function spaces in general and $C^\\ast$-algebras in particular. Several interesting aspects are explored.
J. LaChapelle
LA TRANSFORMATION DE FOURIER--BOREL : �?? �?? de Hilbert est duale de celle de Gel'fond, tandis que la z e , t h d dz t dont la transforme �??e de Fourier--Borel est #(u) = q th u t e h#u . 0 1 #(## 0 # 1
Waldschmidt, Michel
Transforming Education at Einstein
Transforming Education at Einstein EinstEin Winter/spring 2012 The Magazine for Alumni and Friends trANsfOrMiNg eDuCAtiON At eiNsteiN Education at Albert Einstein College of Medicine is undergoing
Yates, Andrew
Mechanistic models of oceanic nitrogen fixation
Oceanic nitrogen fixation and biogeochemical interactions between the nitrogen, phosphorus and iron cycles have important implications for the control of primary production and carbon storage in the ocean. The biological ...
Monteiro, Fanny
Can Eutrophication Influence Nitrogen vs. Phosphorus Limitation?
Can Eutrophication Influence Nitrogen vs. Phosphorus Limitation? George Gregory Bates College, originating largely from septic systems and fertilizers, have caused significant eutrophication in freshwater nitrogen and phosphorus grew the highest concentration of phytoplankton, but eutrophic ponds grew a mean
Vallino, Joseph J.
Method of preparing nitrogen containing semiconductor material
A method of combining group III elements with group V elements that incorporates at least nitrogen from a nitrogen halide for use in semiconductors and in particular semiconductors in photovoltaic cells.
Barber, Greg D.; Kurtz, Sarah R.
IN THIS ISSUE Nitrogen on Cotton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
AGRONOMY NOTES July 2005 IN THIS ISSUE COTTON Nitrogen on Cotton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Protecting Cotton Squares and Blooms / University of Florida / Larry Arrington, Interim Dean. #12;2 Nitrogen on Cotton Now is the time to apply N
Watson, Craig A.
Amplified Quantum Transforms
In this thesis we investigate two new Amplified Quantum Transforms. In particular we create and analyze the Amplified Quantum Fourier Transform (Amplified-QFT) and the Amplified-Haar Wavelet Transform. First, we provide a brief history of quantum mechanics and quantum computing. Second, we examine the Amplified-QFT in detail and compare it against the Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT) and Quantum Hidden Subgroup (QHS) algorithms for solving the Local Period Problem. We calculate the probabilities of success of each algorithm and show the Amplified-QFT is quadratically faster than the QFT and QHS algorithms. Third, we examine the Amplified-QFT algorithm for solving The Local Period Problem with an Error Stream. Fourth, we produce an uncertainty relation for the Amplified-QFT algorithm. Fifth, we show how the Amplified-Haar Wavelet Transform can solve the Local Constant or Balanced Signal Decision Problem which is a generalization of the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm.
David Cornwell
Program Transformation Mechanics A Classification of Mechanisms for Program Transformation
Program Transformation Mechanics A Classification of Mechanisms for Program Transformation with a Survey of Existing Transformation Systems Jonne van Wijngaarden Eelco Visser UU-CS-2003-048 Institute Transformation Mechanics A Classification of Mechanisms for Program Transformation with a Survey of Existing
Utrecht, Universiteit
Logarithmic transformation of response Logarithmic transformation of response
Logarithmic transformation of response Logarithmic transformation of response Often, support S of Y is S = (0, ). Logarithm is then one of transformations to consider when trying to obtain a correct (wrong. Model Building 1. Transformation of response #12;Logarithmic transformation of response When does
Komarek, Arnost
IMAGINED TRANSFORMATIONS 1 Running head: IMAGINED TRANSFORMATION OF BODIES
IMAGINED TRANSFORMATIONS 1 Running head: IMAGINED TRANSFORMATION OF BODIES Imagined Transformations TRANSFORMATIONS 2 Abstract A number of spatial reasoning problems can be solved by performing an imagined transformation of one's egocentric perspective. A series of experiments were carried out to characterize
Laplace Transforms (Ch. 7) LAPLACE TRANSFORMS (Ch. 7)
Laplace Transforms (Ch. 7) LAPLACE TRANSFORMS (Ch. 7) ? restart; ? with( plots ): ? with( DEtools ): The Laplace transform is a very common, and useful, technique for solving and analyz ing the solution of the Laplace transform is that derivatives are transformed into powers; thus, the differential equation
Meade, Douglas B.
Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Two Tropical Forests: Ecosystem-Level Patterns and Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization
was kept in open plastic containers and maintained nearconditions in open plastic containers Biological Nitrogen
Cusack, Daniela F.; Silver, Whendee; McDowell, William H.
OXIDES OF NITROGEN Nitrogen Dioxide (N0 2) Nitrous Oxide (NFigure 7. Emissions of nitrogen dioxide from gas turbines (by AiResearch(8)) . Nitrogen dioxide emissions from a
Matthews, Ronald D.
Impacts of Atmospheric Anthropogenic Nitrogen on the
anthropogenic carbon dioxide may result from this atmospheric nitrogen fertilization, leading to a decreaseImpacts of Atmospheric Anthropogenic Nitrogen on the Open Ocean R. A. Duce,1 * J. LaRoche,2 K quantities of atmospheric anthropogenic fixed nitrogen entering the open ocean could account for up to about
Ward, Bess
A discrete fractional random transform
We propose a discrete fractional random transform based on a generalization of the discrete fractional Fourier transform with an intrinsic randomness. Such discrete fractional random transform inheres excellent mathematical properties of the fractional Fourier transform along with some fantastic features of its own. As a primary application, the discrete fractional random transform has been used for image encryption and decryption.
Zhengjun Liu; Haifa Zhao; Shutian Liu
Transformer Abdullah Al-Otaibi
Transformer Abdullah Al-Otaibi ID#242374 Section#2 Abstract- this is a brief description for transformer and how it works. I. DEFINITION A transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from of the transformer in 1831. The transformer is used by Faraday only to demonstrate the principle of electromagnetic
Masoudi, Husain M.
Lorentz transformation by mimicking the Lorentz transformation
We show that starting with the fact that special relativity theory is concerned with a distortion of the observed length of a moving rod, without mentioning if it is a "contraction" or "dilation", we can derive the Lorentz transformations for the spacetime coordinates of the same event. This derivation is based on expressing the length of the moving rod as a sum of components with all the lengths involved in this summation being measured by the observers of the same inertial reference frame.
Bernhard Rothenstein; Stefan Popescu
Transform Analysis Using the definition of the Laplace transform, Laplace transform properties, and the integral
Transform Analysis QUESTION 1 Using the definition of the Laplace transform, Laplace transform properties, and the integral tables on the course website, determine the Laplace transforms of the functions - = (3) QUESTION 2 Determine the inverse Laplace transform for the functions in equations (1)(4). ( ) 3
Landers, Robert G.
TRANSFORMATIONS 4.1 TRANSFORMATIONS, ISOMETRIES. The term transformation has several
1 Chapter 4 TRANSFORMATIONS 4.1 TRANSFORMATIONS, ISOMETRIES. The term transformation has several. On the other hand, in linear algebra courses a linear transformation maps vectors to vectors and subspaces to subspaces. When we use the term transformation in geometry, however, we have all of these interpretations
Linear Transformer Ideal Transformer Consider linear and ideal transformers attached to Circuit 1 and Circuit 2.
Linear Transformer Ideal Transformer I1 + V2 _ + V1 _ Consider linear and ideal transformers in linear transformer equations for :MLL ,, 21 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 12212212 2 1 112 2 12 2 1 2212 2 PP Now solve the linear transformer equations for the currents: 1 212 2 22 2 1 2 1 212 2 22 12 2 2 2
Kozick, Richard J.
Transforming California's Freight Transport System
Transforming California's Freight Transport System Policy Forum on the Role of Freight Transport Standard #12;2050 Vision- Key Conceptual Outcomes Technology Transformation Early Action Cleaner Combustion Multiple Strategies Federal Action Efficiency Gains Energy Transformation 9 #12;Further reduce localized
California at Davis, University of
The Quantum Mellin transform
We uncover a new type of unitary operation for quantum mechanics on the half-line which yields a transformation to ``Hyperbolic phase space''. We show that this new unitary change of basis from the position x on the half line to the Hyperbolic momentum $p_\\eta$, transforms the wavefunction via a Mellin transform on to the critial line $s=1/2-ip_\\eta$. We utilise this new transform to find quantum wavefunctions whose Hyperbolic momentum representation approximate a class of higher transcendental functions, and in particular, approximate the Riemann Zeta function. We finally give possible physical realisations to perform an indirect measurement of the Hyperbolic momentum of a quantum system on the half-line.
J. Twamley; G. J. Milburn
Transformation inverse design
We present a new technique for the design of transformation-optics devices based on large-scale optimization to achieve the optimal effective isotropic dielectric materials within prescribed index bounds, which is ...
Liu, David
Functional Mellin Transforms
Functional integrals are defined in terms of locally compact topological groups and their associated Banach-valued Haar integrals. This approach generalizes the functional integral scheme of Cartier and DeWitt-Morette. The definition allows a construction of functional Mellin transforms. In turn, the functional Mellin transforms can be used to define functional traces, logarithms, and determinants. The associated functional integrals are useful tools for probing function spaces in general and $C^\\ast$-algebras in particular. Several interesting aspects are explored.
Series Transmission Line Transformer
A series transmission line transformer is set forth which includes two or more of impedance matched sets of at least two transmissions lines such as shielded cables, connected in parallel at one end ans series at the other in a cascading fashion. The cables are wound about a magnetic core. The series transmission line transformer (STLT) which can provide for higher impedance ratios and bandwidths, which is scalable, and which is of simpler design and construction.
Buckles, Robert A. (Livermore, CA); Booth, Rex (Livermore, CA); Yen, Boris T. (El Cerrito, CA)
APPENDIX F. TRANSFORMS, COMPLEX ANALYSIS 1 Transforms, Complex
APPENDIX F. TRANSFORMS, COMPLEX ANALYSIS 1 Appendix F Transforms, Complex Analysis This appendix discusses Fourier and Laplace transforms as they are used in plasma physics and this book. Also, key properties of complex variable theory that are needed for understanding and inverting these transforms
Callen, James D.
From transformation traces to transformation rules: Assisting Model Driven Engineering
From transformation traces to transformation rules: Assisting Model Driven Engineering approach. In this paper we are interested in semi-automatically gen- erating labelled graph (model) transformations conform to a particu- lar syntax (meta-model). Those transformations are basic operations in model driven
Optical transformation from chirplet to fractional Fourier transformation kernel
We find a new integration transformation which can convert a chirplet function to fractional Fourier transformation kernel, this new transformation is invertible and obeys Parseval theorem. Under this transformation a new relationship between a phase space function and its Weyl-Wigner quantum correspondence operator is revealed.
Hong-yi Fan; Li-yun Hu
Laplace Transforms An integral transform is an operator
9281998 Laplace Transforms An integral transform is an operator F (s) = Z b a K(s; t)f(t) dt: The input to the transform is the function f(t); the output is the function F (s). (By convention, small letters denote the inputs to a transform, and the corresponding capital letters denote the corresponding
Ikenaga, Bruce
Transform Coding: Past, Present, and Future Transforms are perva-
Transform Coding: Past, Present, and Future Transforms are perva- sive in signal process- ing) and wavelets are part of the widely used JPEG standards, transforms are at the heart of the compression engine of transforms in compression, and the flurry of activ- ity in both research and applications around signal
Vetterli, Martin
Generalization of Conformal Transformations
Conformal transformations of a Euclidean (complex) plane have some kind of completeness (sufficiency) for the solution of many mathematical and physical-mathematical problems formulated on this plane. There is no such completeness in the case of Euclidean, pseudo-Euclidean and polynumber spaces of dimension greater than two. In the present paper we show that using the concepts of analogical geometries allows us to generalize conformal transformations not only to the case of Euclidean or pseudo-Euclidean spaces, but also to the case of Finsler spaces, analogous to the spaces of affine connectedness. Examples of such transformations in the case of complex and hypercomplex numbers H_4 are presented. In the general case such transformations form a group of transitions, the elements of which can be viewed as transitions between projective Euclidean geometries of a distinguished class fixed by the choice of metric geometry admitting affine coordinates. The correlation between functions realizing generalized conformal transformations and generalized analytical functions can appear to be productive for the solution of fundamental problems in theoretical and mathematical physics.
G. I. Garas'ko
Lignite-based nitrogenous fertilizers
A sample of lignite from Elbistan was oxidized by nitric acid in two stages, using relatively dilute acid in the first stage and concentrated acid in the second stage, and then the oxidized product was ammoniated so that a coal-based fertilizer could be produced. The experiments of all the stages were designed by a 1/2 X full factorial design. It was observed that base exchange capacity and nitrogen content of coal-based fertilizers produced in this work were as good as or better than those obtained by other investigators.
Baris, H.; Dincer, S.
Nitrogen fixation method and apparatus
A method and apparatus for achieving nitrogen fixation includes a volumetric electric discharge chamber. The volumetric discharge chamber provides an even distribution of an electron beam, and enables the chamber to be maintained at a controlled energy to pressure (E/p) ratio. An E/p ratio of from 5 to 15 kV/atm of O[sub 2]/cm promotes the formation of vibrationally excited N[sub 2]. Atomic oxygen interacts with vibrationally excited N[sub 2] at a much quicker rate than unexcited N[sub 2], greatly improving the rate at which NO is formed. 1 fig.
Chen, H.L.
RG and JA Bassham, Photosynthesis by isolated chloroplasts.chloroplasts during photosynthesis. Plant Physiol ~0:22H-2?NITROGEN METABOLISM AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS James A. Bassham,
Bassham, James A.
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
FTIR - 1 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy FTIR DETERMINATION OF MTBE IN GASOLINE AND ETHANOL FTIR DETERMINATION OF MTBE IN GASOLINE AND ETHANOL IN VODKA AND MOUTHWASH INTRODUCTION As a part has contained MTBE (methyl tertbutyl ether) as its primary oxygenate. However, there has been
Nizkorodov, Sergey
Research Councils UK Transforming
research is helping to accelerate the use of green energy technologies. RCUK has played a key role to help combat climate change, accelerate the deployment of green energy technologies and create newResearch Councils UK Transforming our energy future #12;Research funded by the Research Councils
Berzins, M.
IT'S TIME TO TRANSFORM BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING EDUCATION #12;Charles H. & Bettye Barclay Professor Head, Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M University We're dedicated to solving the world in biomedical engineering research and education and we're well on our way. Our faculty continues to engineer
Mechanisms of plant species impacts on ecosystem nitrogen cycling
, this microbial nitrogen loop is driven by plant-supplied carbon and provides a strong negative feedback through by an increase in the relative nitrogen content in decomposing litter and a much lower carbon-to-nitrogen ratio by a microbial nitrogen loop. Nitrogen is released from the soil organic matter and incorporated into microbial
Minnesota, University of
Fertilizer and Nitrogen 1 billion tons of artificial nitrogen fertilizer used annually.
Fertilizer and Nitrogen 1 billion tons of artificial nitrogen fertilizer used annually. Emissions. (fertilizers that use nitric acid or ammonium bicarbonate result in emissions of nitrogen oxides, nitrous oxide, ammonia and carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.) ~Indirect: Phosphorus in excess causes eutrophication
Toohey, Darin W.
Linear Transformations, Canonoid Transformations and BiHamiltonian Structures
We give a characterization of linear canonoid transformations on symplectic manifolds and we use it to generate biHamiltonian structures for some mechanical systems. Utilizing this characterization we also study the behavior of quadratic superintegrable systems under canonoid transformations. We present a description of canonoid transformations due to E.T. Whittaker, and we show that it leads, in a natural way, to the modern, coordinate-independent definition of canonoid transformations. We also generalize canonoid transformations to Poisson manifolds by introducing Poissonoid transformations. We give examples of such transformations for Euler's equations of the rigid body (on $ \\mathfrak{ so}^\\ast (3) $ and $ \\mathfrak{ so}^\\ast (4)$) and for an integrable case of Kirchhoff's equations for the motion of a rigid body immersed in an ideal fluid. We study the relationship between biHamiltonian structures and Poissonoid transformations for these examples.
Giovanni Rastelli; Manuele Santoprete
February 2010 Pasture Nitrogen Balance Worksheet
Agronomy Guide Table 1.2-14A N Recommendation (lb/A) 3 Planned Fertilizer (lb/A) 1 Residual Manure N 4 Residual Legume N (lb/A) 5 Net Nitrogen Requirement (lb/A) Calculation of Uncollected Manure Nitrogen Available N/A deposited at this stocking rate is under N balanced rate; may need
Guiltinan, Mark
denitrification, the conversion of nitrate to N2 gas with its subsequent loss to the atmosphere (25-180 Tg N of atmospheric carbon dioxide, and is the precursor to petroleum deposits it is important to understand nitrogen of nitrogen is atmospheric dinitrogen gas (N2), consisting of 3.9 x 109 Tg N (Wada and Hattori, 1990
Sachs, Julian P.
Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics in Agricultural Soils
support in a precision farming context. Keywords: Carbon balances, carbon sequestration, decompositionCarbon and Nitrogen Dynamics in Agricultural Soils Model Applications at Different Scales in Time Print: SLU Service/Repro, Uppsala 2012 #12;Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics in Agricultural Soils. Model
Oxygen and Nitrogen Contamination During Arc Welding
) ) : ,- Oxygen and Nitrogen Contamination During Arc Welding T. W. Eagar Department of }faterials, shielded metal arc, self-shielded metal arc, and submerged arc welding are reviewed. Calcu- lations upon heating is also discussed. Introduction Oxygen and nitrogen ~ontamination of weld metal
Eagar, Thomas W.
Inorganic Plant Nutrients: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Silicate Introduction
Lab 3: Inorganic Plant Nutrients: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Silicate Introduction Compounds of nitrogen. Silicate can play a regulating role in the growth of such organisms that carry shells of silicate. Most important are diatoms, which may form phytoplankton blooms under conditions of sufficient silicate
Jochem, Frank J.
Technology Innovations and Experience Curves for Nitrogen Oxides Control Technologies
red power plants. Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) is one of the sixeffects, including nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and ground-levelgradually oxidized to nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) once emitted
Yeh, Sonia; Rubin, Edward S.; Taylor, Margaret R.
Using Petiole Analysis for Nitrogen Management in Cotton
For cotton growers, maintaining proper nitrogen balance is a major concern. Petiole analysis, the laboratory analysis of the nitrogen content of leaf stems, can be coupled with plant monitoring to form an effective nitrogen management program...
Livingston, Stephen; Hickey, M. G.; Stichler, Charles
Nitrogen and carbon oxides chemistry in the HRS retorting process
The HRS Oil Shale Retort process consists of a pyrolysis section which converts kerogen of the shale to liquid and gaseous products, and a combustion section which burns residual carbon on the shale to heat the process. Average gas concentrations of selected gas phase species were determined from data measured at several placed on the combustion system of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Hot-Recycled-Solids Retort Pilot Plant for representative rich and lean shale runs. The data was measured on-line and in real time by on-line meters (CO{sub 2}, CO, O{sub 2}), mass spectrometry (CO{sub 2}, O{sub 2}, H{sub 2}O, NO, CH{sub 4}, SO{sub 2}, N{sub 2} and Ar), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (CO{sub 2}, CO, H{sub 2}O, NO, N{sub 2}O, NO{sub 2}, CH{sub 4}, SO{sub 2}, NH{sub 3}, and HCN). For both the rich and leans shale runs, the Lift-Pipe Combustor (LFT) exhibited gas concentrations (sampled at the exit of the LFT) indicative of incomplete combustion and oxidation; the Delayed-Fall Combustor (DFC) exhibited gas concentrations (sampled at the annulus and the exit of the DFC) indicative of much more complete combustion and oxidation. The Fluidized-Bed Combustor exhibited gas concentrations which were controlled to a large extent by the injection atmosphere of the FBC. High levels of nitrogen oxides and low levels of CO were detected when full air injection was used, while high levels of CO and low levels of nitrogen-oxides were detected with partial N{sub 2} injection. Sequential sampling limitations and nitrogen balances are also discussed.
Reynolds, J.G.
The conventional approach to developing energetic molecules is to chemically place one or more nitro groups onto a carbon skeleton, which is why the term ''nitration'' is synonymous to explosives preparation. The nitro group carries the oxygen that reacts with the skeletal carbon and hydrogen fuels, which in turn produces the heat and gaseous reaction products necessary for driving an explosive shock. These nitro-containing energetic molecules typically have heats of formation near zero and therefore most of the released energy is derived from the combustion process. Our investigation of the tetrazine, furazan and tetrazole ring systems has offered a different approach to explosives development, where a significant amount of the chemical potential energy is derived from their large positive heats of formation. Because these compounds often contain a large percentage of nitrogen atoms, they are usually regarded as high-nitrogen fuels or explosives. A general artifact of these high-nitrogen compounds is that they are less sensitive to initiation (e.g. by impact) when compared to traditional nitro-containing explosives of similar performances. Using the precursor, 3,6-bis-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-s-tetrazine, several useful energetic compounds based on the s-tetrazine system have been synthesized and studied. Some of the first compounds are 3,6-diamino-s-tetrazine-1,4-dioxide (LAX-112) and 3,6-dihydrazino-s-tetrazine (DHT). LAX-112 was once extensively studied as an insensitive explosive by Los Alamos; DHT is an example of a high-nitrogen explosive that relies entirely on its heat of formation for sustaining a detonation. Recent synthesis efforts have yielded an azo-s-tetrazine, 3,3'-azobis(6-amino-s-tetrazine) or DAAT, which has a very high positive heat of formation. The compounds, 4,4'-diamino-3,3'-azoxyfurazan (DAAF) and 4,4'-diamino-3,3'-azofurazan (DAAzF), may have important future roles in insensitive explosive applications. Neither DAAF nor DAAzF can be initiated by laboratory impact drop tests, yet both have in some aspects better explosive performances than 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene TATB--the standard of insensitive high explosives. The thermal stability of DAAzF is equal to that of hexanitrostilbene (HNS), yet it too is a better explosive performer. The recently discovered tetrazol derivative, 3,6-bis-(1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazol-5-ylamino)-s-tetrazine (BTATz) was measured to have exceptional positive heats of formation and to be insensitive to explosive initiation. Because of its high burn rate with low sensitivity to pressure, this material is of great interest to the propellant community.
The Nitrogen-Nitride Anode.
Nitrogen gas N 2 can be reduced to nitride N -3 in molten LiCl-KCl eutectic salt electrolyte. However, the direct oxidation of N -3 back to N 2 is kinetically slow and only occurs at high overvoltage. The overvoltage for N -3 oxidation can be eliminated by coordinating the N -3 with BN to form the dinitridoborate (BN 2 -3 ) anion which forms a 1-D conjugated linear inorganic polymer with -Li-N-B-N- repeating units. This polymer precipitates out of solution as Li 3 BN 2 which becomes a metallic conductor upon delithiation. Li 3 BN 2 is oxidized to Li + + N 2 + BN at about the N 2 /N -3 redox potential with very little overvoltage. In this report we evaluate the N 2 /N -3 redox couple as a battery anode for energy storage.
Delnick, Frank M.
Liquid Metal Transformers
The room temperature liquid metal is quickly emerging as an important functional material in a variety of areas like chip cooling, 3D printing or printed electronics etc. With diverse capabilities in electrical, thermal and flowing behaviors, such fluid owns many intriguing properties that had never been anticipated before. Here, we show a group of unconventional phenomena occurring on the liquid metal objects. Through applying electrical field on the liquid metals immersed in water, a series of complex transformation behaviors such as self-assembling of a sheet of liquid metal film into a single sphere, quick mergences of separate metal droplets, controlled self-rotation and planar locomotion of liquid metal objects can be realized. Meanwhile, it was also found that two accompanying water vortexes were induced and reliably swirled near the rotating liquid metal sphere. Further, effects of the shape, size, voltage, orientation and geometries of the electrodes to control the liquid metal transformers were clar...
Sheng, Lei; Liu, Jing
Transformations of polynomial ensembles
A polynomial ensemble is a probability density function for the position of $n$ real particles of the form $\\frac{1}{Z_n} \\, \\prod_{jtransformations that preserve the structure of a polynomial ensemble. These transformations include the restriction of a Hermitian matrix by removing one row and one column, a rank-one modification of a Hermitian matrix, and the extension of a Hermitian matrix by adding an extra row and column with complex Gaussians.
Arno B. J. Kuijlaars
Eighth international congress on nitrogen fixation. Final program
Transformative Wave Technologies Kent, Washington
Transformative Wave Technologies Kent, Washington www.transformativewave.com #12;#12;North America are shifted to off peak times #12;#12;Transformative Wave Technologies www.transformativewave.com #12
Transforming Parks and Protected Areas
Transforming Parks and Protected Areas Policy and governance in a changing world Edited by Kevin S from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging In Publication Data Transforming parks
Bolch, Tobias
Nitrogen Fixation and Dentrification in Sediments of Eutrophic Mediterranean-Type Estuaries: Seasonal Patterns and Responses to Anthropogenic Nitrogen Inputs
and mechanisms controlling sediment nitrogen fixation in aKane T & Fong P. 2007. Sediment nitrogen fixation in UpperKane T & Fong P. 2007. Sediment nitrogen fixation in Upper
Kane, Tonya Lynn
Vehicle Technologies Office Merit Review 2014: Robust Nitrogen...
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
Technologies Office Merit Review 2014: Robust Nitrogen oxideAmmonia Sensors for Vehicle on-board Emissions Control Vehicle Technologies Office Merit Review 2014: Robust Nitrogen...
ITP Steel: Hydrogen and Nitrogen Control in Ladle and Casting...
Hydrogen and Nitrogen Control in Ladle and Casting Operations ITP Steel: Hydrogen and Nitrogen Control in Ladle and Casting Operations castingops.pdf More Documents & Publications...
Formation of Nitrogen- and Sulfur-Containing Light-Absorbing...
Nitrogen- and Sulfur-Containing Light-Absorbing Compounds Accelerated by Evaporation of Water from Secondary Formation of Nitrogen- and Sulfur-Containing Light-Absorbing Compounds...
Nitrogen-doped Graphene and Its Electrochemical Applications...
doped Graphene and Its Electrochemical Applications. Nitrogen-doped Graphene and Its Electrochemical Applications. Abstract: Nitrogen-doped graphene (N-graphene) is obtained by...
Nonlocal conservation laws and related B�cklund transformations via reciprocal transformations
A set of infinitely many nonlocal conservation laws are revealed for (1+1)-dimensional evolution equations. For some special known integrable systems, say, the KdV and Dym equations, it is found that different nonlocal conservation laws can lead to same new integrable systems via reciprocal transformation. On the other hand, it can be considered as one solution of the new model obtained via reciprocal transformation(s) can be changed to different solutions of the original model. The fact indicates also that two or more different (local and nonlocal) conservation laws can be used to find implicit auto-B\\"acklund transformations via reciprocal transformation to other systems.
Sen-Yue Lou
Generalized Transforms and Special Functions
We study the properties of different type of transforms by means of operational methods and discuss the relevant interplay with many families of special functions. We consider in particular the binomial transform and its generalizations. A general method, based on the use of the Fourier transform technique, is proposed for the study of the properties of functions of operators.
G. Dattoli; E. Sabia
VLA Antenna Pad Transformer Breaker
NRAO VLA Antenna Pad Transformer Breaker Survey B-Array, November 22nd , 2013 Summary: None connections in the cabinet and may be indicating a problem inside the transformer. If the heating on these bushings continues the transformer may need service. NOTE: The low ambient temperature and good conductance
Groppi, Christopher
NRAO VLA Antenna Pad Transformer Breaker Survey D-Array, April 5th 2013 #12;VLA Antenna Pad Transformer Breaker Survey D-Array, April 2013, Bob Broilo 2 Summary: No action needed. Inspected by: Bob2 Visible Light Image Notes: #12;VLA Antenna Pad Transformer Breaker Survey D-Array, April 2013, Bob
NRAO VLA Antenna Pad Transformer Breaker Survey A-Array, July 2011, Bob Broilo #12;A-Array Antenna Pad Transformer Survey July 2011, Bob Broilo 2 Inspected by: Bob Broilo Inspection Date: 6/16/2011 2 Transformer Survey July 2011, Bob Broilo 3 Inspected by: Bob Broilo Inspection Date: 6/16/2011 1:58:06 PM
NRAO VLA Antenna Pad Transformer Breaker Survey C-Array, August 20th 2013 #12;VLA Antenna Pad Transformer Breaker Survey C-Array, August 2013, Bob Broilo 2 Summary: Breaker at CE7 needs to be replaced transformer can be shut down with the switch at DE9. Inspected by: Bob Broilo Inspection Date: 8/16/2013 2
NRAO VLA Antenna Pad Transformer Breaker Survey D-Array, October 2011, Bob Broilo #12;D-Array Antenna Pad Transformer Survey October 2011, Bob Broilo 2 Inspected by: Bob Broilo Inspection Date: 10-hand) feeds DE2. #12;D-Array Antenna Pad Transformer Survey October 2011, Bob Broilo 3 Inspected by: Bob
The Transformer By Aaron Lo
(3) Transforming lambda-expressions with several patterns n pat 1 : : : pat n -> exp n pat 1 -> (n pat 2 -> : : : (n pat n -> exp) : : :) where n #21; 2 (4) Transforming lambda-patterns into case n pat -> exp n var -> case var of pat -> exp where pat is no variable, var is new (5) Transforming case
Treuille, Adrien
NRAO VLA Antenna Pad Transformer Breaker Survey C-Array, April 2012, Bob Broilo #12;C-Array Antenna Pad Transformer Survey April 2012, Bob Broilo 2 Inspected by: Bob Broilo Inspection Date: 4/4/2012 2 Pad Transformer Survey April 2012, Bob Broilo 3 Inspected by: Bob Broilo Inspection Date: 4/4/2012 2
NRAO VLA Antenna Pad Transformer Breaker Survey A-Array, May 20, 2014 Summary: The breakers at AN5 Transformer Breaker Survey A-Array, May 2014, Bob Broilo 2 Inspected by: Bob Broilo Inspection Date: 5 Notes: #12;VLA Antenna Pad Transformer Breaker Survey A-Array, May 2014, Bob Broilo 3 Inspected by: Bob
TRANSFORMING MEDICINE October 1, 2009
TRANSFORMING MEDICINE October 1, 2009 Strategic Plan #12;ABOUT THE KECK SCHOOL OF MEDICINE OF USC Century for the benefit of humankind. This is an exciting time of great transformation as we endeavor of Medicine is undergoing a major transformation. It was sparked by the expansion of biomedical research
Valero-Cuevas, Francisco
NRAO VLA Antenna Pad Transformer Breaker Survey B-Array, May 2011, Bob Broilo #12;B-array Antenna Pad Transformer Breaker Survey May 2011, Bob Broilo 2 Inspected by: Bob Broilo Inspection Date: 5 Transformer Breaker Survey May 2011, Bob Broilo 3 Inspected by: Bob Broilo Inspection Date: 5/5/2011 3
Morphology and crystallographic orientation relationship in isothermally transformed Fe�N austenite
The 225 �C isothermal transformation of a high-nitrogen austenite with Fe�2.71 wt.% N was investigated by means of electron microscopy. It was found that the transformation products were composed of ultrafine ?-Fe and ??-Fe{sub 4}N plus retained austenite ?, which were in two types of morphologies, namely, (i) with the retained austenite patches dispersed among the (?-Fe + ??-Fe{sub 4}N) packets and (ii) with the ultrafine ?-Fe and ?/??-Fe{sub 4}N laths interwoven with each other within a single bainitic packet. A cube�cube orientation relationship between the ? (austenite) and ??-Fe{sub 4}N, and a near Greninger�Troiano (G�T) one between the ? (austenite) and the bainitic ?-ferrite were detected. The morphology, orientation relationship and high hardness (> 1000 HV) of the transformation products indicated that the isothermal transformation of the high nitrogen austenite was analogous to a bainitic one. - Highlights: � Isothermal transformation products consisted of nano-sized ?-Fe + ?? + ? (retained). � The hardness of transformation product exceeded 1000 HV. � The ?-Fe and ?/??-Fe{sub 4}N kept a near G-T OR in the grain interior.
Jiao, Dongling, E-mail: email@example.com [School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640 (China); Luo, Chengping; Liu, Jiangwen [School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640 (China); Zhang, Guoqing [Science and Technology on Advanced High Temperature Structural Materials Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095 (China)
Transforming Commercial Building Operations
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious RankCombustion |Energy Usage »of EnergyThe EnergyDepartment7 th ,TopDepartmentPlanarWorkshopTransforming
Transformations | Open Energy Information
Open Energy Info (EERE)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home5b9fcbce19 No revisionEnvReviewNonInvasiveExplorationUT-gTaguspark JumpDetective:Toyo Aluminium KK JumpMyTransformations Jump
The room temperature liquid metal is quickly emerging as an important functional material in a variety of areas like chip cooling, 3D printing or printed electronics etc. With diverse capabilities in electrical, thermal and flowing behaviors, such fluid owns many intriguing properties that had never been anticipated before. Here, we show a group of unconventional phenomena occurring on the liquid metal objects. Through applying electrical field on the liquid metals immersed in water, a series of complex transformation behaviors such as self-assembling of a sheet of liquid metal film into a single sphere, quick mergences of separate metal droplets, controlled self-rotation and planar locomotion of liquid metal objects can be realized. Meanwhile, it was also found that two accompanying water vortexes were induced and reliably swirled near the rotating liquid metal sphere. Further, effects of the shape, size, voltage, orientation and geometries of the electrodes to control the liquid metal transformers were clarified. Such events are hard to achieve otherwise on rigid metal or conventional liquid spheres. This finding has both fundamental and practical significances which suggest a generalized way of making smart soft machine, collecting discrete metal fluids, as well as flexibly manipulating liquid metal objects including accompanying devices.
Lei Sheng; Jie Zhang; Jing Liu
Transgenic plants that exhibit enhanced nitrogen assimilation
The present invention relates to a method for producing plants with improved agronomic and nutritional traits. Such traits include enhanced nitrogen assimilatory and utilization capacities, faster and more vigorous growth, greater vegetative and reproductive yields, and enriched or altered nitrogen content in vegetative and reproductive parts. More particularly, the invention relates to the engineering of plants modified to have altered expression of key enzymes in the nitrogen assimilation and utilization pathways. In one embodiment of the present invention, the desired altered expression is accomplished by engineering the plant for ectopic overexpression of one of more the native or modified nitrogen assimilatory enzymes. The invention also has a number of other embodiments, all of which are disclosed herein.
Coruzzi, Gloria M. (New York, NY); Brears, Timothy (Durham, NC)
Nitrogen oxide delivery systems for biological media
Elevated levels of nitric oxide (NO) in vivo are associated with a variety of cellular modifications thought to be mutagenic or carcinogenic. These processes are likely mediated by reactive nitrogen species (RNS) such as ...
Skinn, Brian Thomas
Coruzzi, Gloria M.; Brears, Timothy
Plant nitrogen regulatory P-PII genes
The present invention generally relates to plant nitrogen regulatory PII gene (hereinafter P-PII gene), a gene involved in regulating plant nitrogen metabolism. The invention provides P-PII nucleotide sequences, expression constructs comprising said nucleotide sequences, and host cells and plants having said constructs and, optionally expressing the P-PII gene from said constructs. The invention also provides substantially pure P-PII proteins. The P-PII nucleotide sequences and constructs of the
Coruzzi, Gloria M. (New York, NY); Lam, Hon-Ming (Hong Kong, HK); Hsieh, Ming-Hsiun (Woodside, NY)
SHORT COMMUNICATION Nitrogen recovery from shrimp pond efuent
the water as ammonia (total ammonia nitrogen, TAN), through either direct excretion by animals or ammoni
Lorenzen, Kai
Microfluidic Facility, Harvard Medical School LIQUID NITROGEN TANK HANDLING
Microfluidic Facility, Harvard Medical School LIQUID NITROGEN TANK HANDLING HMS microfluidics/microfabrication facility has one high pressure liquid nitrogen tank which supplies the nitrogen for some equipment normal operation. In case the liquid nitrogen tank is malfunctioning and requires to be shut down or replaced make
Paulsson, Johan
LU transformation invariant operators and LU transformation invariant
We proposed a concept of LU transformation invariant operators. By using this operator, arbitrary multi-qubit states LU transformation invariant and SLOCC invariant could be easily obtained. And we find that presences two kinds of invariant operators and corresponding invariants. One kind of operators yields LU invariants and the other operators results in SLOCC invariants. For three-qubit states, all independence LU transformation invariant are obtained. Furthermore, by this system method, arbitrary multi-qubit states invariants can be given.
Xin-wei Zha; Chun-min Zhang
z Transform Chapter Intended Learning Outcomes
z Transform Chapter Intended Learning Outcomes: (i) Understanding the relationship between transform and the Fourier transform for discrete-time signals (ii) Understanding the characteristics and properties of transform (iii) Ability to compute transform and inverse transform (iv) Ability to apply
So, Hing-Cheung
Nitrogen is a natural and necessary part of every healthy ecosystem, but too much nitrogen in our rivers,
), sewage treatment plants, and animal ma- nure. Once in water, nitrogen can change in chemical form
Torgersen, Christian
Particle Detector / Beam Current Transformer
Particle Detector / Beam Current Transformer Analysis December 8, 2009 Harold G. Kirk #12;ShotSignal,A.U. Proton Bunch Number Beam Current Transformer - 17011 0 2 4 6 8 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Integrated Transformer Pump 187829 (au) Probe 196504 (au) Ratios: Beam Current 1.046 SF 1.019 2.9% difference #12;Shot
McDonald, Kirk
Power transformers - Part 11: Dry-type transformers
Applies to dry-type power transformers (including auto-transformers) having values of highest voltage for equipment up to and including 36 kV and at least one winding operating at greater than 1,1 kV. Applies to all construction technologies.
International Electrotechnical Commission. Geneva
Effect of Nitrogen Additives on Flame Retardant Action of Tributyl Phosphate: Phosphorus � Nitrogen Synergism
The effect of nitrogen additives like urea, guanidine carbonate and melamine formaldehyde on the flame retardant efficacy of tributyl phosphate (TBP) has been investigated. From the LOI tests on treated cotton it is clear that the nitrogen additives have synergistic action. Estimation of activation energy of decomposition of treated cotton indicated that nitrogen additives enhance the thermal stability during the burning process. SEM pictures of chars formed after LOI test showed the formation of protective polymeric coating on the surface. The surface of chars formed were evaluated using FTIR-ATR and XPS analysis which showed that the coating was composed of Phosphorus-Nitrogen-Oxygen containing species. Formation of this coating during the burning process could lead to the synergistic interaction of phosphorus and nitrogen. Based on the experimental data we have further proposed several reaction mechanisms which could contribute to synergistic action and formation of protective coating on the surface of char.
Gaan, Sabyasachi; Sun, Gang; Hutches, Katherine; Engelhard, Mark H.
Inversion of the star transform
We define the star transform as a generalization of the broken ray transform introduced by us in previous work. The advantages of using the star transform include the possibility to reconstruct the absorption and the scattering coefficients of the medium separately and simultaneously (from the same data) and the possibility to utilize scattered radiation which, in the case of the conventional X-ray tomography, is discarded. In this paper, we derive the star transform from physical principles, discuss its mathematical properties and analyze numerical stability of inversion. In particular, it is shown that stable inversion of the star transform can be obtained only for configurations involving odd number of rays. Several computationally-efficient inversion algorithms are derived and tested numerically.
Fan Zhao; John C. Schotland; Vadim A. Markel
Availability of Nitrous Nitrogen to Plants.
V, .=DL ULL LI~C a~ailability 01 ILILKLL~: IIILIU~~I~ LU curn, l~aa, 8011 31LY3 1 27.3 .53 .I447 1 I 1 5: 1250 .I349 ic nitrogen ( 37.P' 1 -59 1 .2195 ru.. nv / 36.6 .57 1 .2086 I -2141 1 .O7b/ I 1. gm. nitrous nitrogen 30.2 1 .64 1 .I933 1... .12 -.01 ' .09 V1 -- I w 01 ---- I ------ el M - 1 --O6 X * ---- ------ U1 $ !z - --- i d $ --- - I -20 2 Y * F - I M 4 M .34 I --- .20 M .14 5 nitrogen --- --- -.02 .14 -.48 -.01 -12 .18 .OS...
Fraps, G. S. (George Stronach); Sterges, A. J.
Characterization of nitrogen compound types in hydrotreated Paraho shale oil
Results from the separation and characterization of nitrogen compound types in hydrotreated Paraho shale oil samples were obtained. Two samples of Paraho shale oil were hydrotreated by Chevron Research Company such that one sample contained about 0.05 wt. percent nitrogen and the other sample contained about 0.10 wt. percent nitrogen. A separation method concentrate specific nitrogen compound types was developed. Characterization of the nitrogen types was accomplished by infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, potentiometric titration, and elemental analysis. The distribution of nitrogen compound types in both samples and in the Paraho crude shale oil is compared.
Holmes, S.A.; Latham, D.R.
Chlorine activation indoors and outdoors via surface-mediated reactions of nitrogen oxides with hydrogen chloride.
complexes between nitrogen dioxide, nitric acid, nitrous1992) Indoor ozone and nitrogen dioxide: A potential pathwaybed of SiO 2 pellets. Nitrogen dioxide is introduced from a
Air Quality Responses to Changes in Black Carbon and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions
D. , (2008a). Carbonyl and nitrogen dioxide emissions fromstudy of indoor nitrogen dioxide levels and respiratoryand modeled nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) concentrations. All
Millstein, Dev
E-Print Network 3.0 - aerobic nitrogen cycle Sample Search Results
biological nitrogen fixation of gaseous nitrogen. The water cycle is important to ecosystem... and Nitrogen Cycles As ... Source: Barboza, Perry - Institute of Arctic Biology,...
E-Print Network 3.0 - acquire organic nitrogen Sample Search...
and microorganisms can die of nitrogen defi- ciency, surrounded... nitrogen. Nitrogen fertilizer is applied at planting to these legumes when grown on sandy or low organic......
The importance of cytosolic glutamine synthetase in nitrogen assimilation and recycling
nitrogen mobilization and recycling in trees. Photosynthesisloci mapping for nitrogen recycling in rice. Journal ofNitrogen Assimilation and Recycling St�phanie M. Bernard 1
Bernard, S.M.
Enzymatic solubilization of nitrogenous constituents of carrots
of enzyme concentration upon nitrogen so1ubi 1i zed in carrot tops ( 10g dry weight) . Conditions of assay: pH = 3. 5, i ncubati on time = 20 hr, incubation temperature = 45'C. 24 hydrolysis. These data confirm earlier reports that -. 01% is the pro... roots and tops, a concentration of 1. 0% A-12-C at pH 3. 5 provided the maximum increase in soluble ni trogenous consti tuents . For car~ot roots, a concentration of 1. 0/ ficin at pH 4, 5 provided the maximum increase in soluble nitrogen. With carrot...
Curry, James Cannon
Nitrogen Deposition in the Southern High Plains
together by one of nature?s strongest chemical bonds. As a result, converting dinitrogen to other forms of nitrogen requires a lot of energy to break that bond. Some natural processes that can break dinitrogen apart include lightning and nitrogen...- cultural Engi- neer; Research Technician II; Associate Profes- sor and Exten- sion Agricultural Engineer?Waste Management, The Texas A&M System E-464 02-08 J. K. Upadhyay, B. W. Auvermann, K. J. Bush, and S. Mukhtar* Texas AgriLife Extension...
Upadhyay, Jeetendra; Auvermann, Brent W.; Bush, K. Jack; Mukhtar, Saqib
Formal Transformations and WSL Martin Ward
Formal Transformations and WSL Part Two Martin Ward STRL Senior Research Fellow Royal Society of Transformations #12;Types of Transformations A Syntactic Transformation changes the syntax of the program but preserves the exact sequence of operations carried out by the program. Many restructuring transformations
Transformer Efficiency Assessment - Okinawa, Japan
The US Army Engineering & Support Center, Huntsville (USAESCH), and the US Marine Corps Base (MCB), Okinawa, Japan retained Idaho National Laboratory (INL) to conduct a Transformer Efficiency Assessment of �key� transformers located at multiple military bases in Okinawa, Japan. The purpose of this assessment is to support the Marine Corps Base, Okinawa in evaluating medium voltage distribution transformers for potential efficiency upgrades. The original scope of work included the MCB providing actual transformer nameplate data, manufacturer�s factory test sheets, electrical system data (kWh), demand data (kWd), power factor data, and electricity cost data. Unfortunately, the MCB�s actual data is not available and therefore making it necessary to de-scope the original assessment. Note: Any similar nameplate data, photos of similar transformer nameplates, and basic electrical details from one-line drawings (provided by MCB) are not a replacement for actual load loss test data. It is recommended that load measurements are performed on the high and low sides of transformers to better quantify actual load losses, demand data, and power factor data. We also recommend that actual data, when available, be inserted by MCB Okinawa where assumptions have been made and then the LCC analysis updated. This report covers a generalized assessment of modern U.S. transformers in a three level efficiency category, Low-Level efficiency, Medium-Level efficiency, and High-Level efficiency.
Thomas L. Baldwin; Robert J. Turk; Kurt S. Myers; Jake P. Gentle; Jason W. Bush
Biexciton emission from single isoelectronic traps formed by nitrogen-nitrogen pairs in GaAs
We have studied photoluminescence (PL) from individual isoelectronic traps formed by nitrogen-nitrogen (NN) pairs in GaAs. Sharp emission lines due to exciton and biexciton were observed from individual isoelectronic traps in nitrogen atomic-layer doped (ALD) GaAs. The binding energy of biexciton bound to individual isoelectronic traps was approximately 8 meV. Both the exciton and biexciton luminescence lines show completely random polarization and no fine-structure splitting. These results are desirable to the application to the quantum cryptography used in the field of quantum information technology.
Takamiya, Kengo; Fukushima, Toshiyuki; Yagi, Shuhei; Hijikata, Yasuto; Yaguchi, Hiroyuki [Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku , Saitama 338-8570 (Japan); Mochizuki, Toshimitsu; Yoshita, Masahiro; Akiyama, Hidefumi [Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581 (Japan); Kuboya, Shigeyuki; Onabe, Kentaro [Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581 (Japan); Katayama, Ryuji [Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan)
The various processes of DNA uptake by cells can be categorized as: viral DNA entry, conjugation, or transformation. Within each category, a variety of mechanisms have been found. However, considerable similarities occur among the different mechanisms of conjugation and, especially, transformation. All of these natural mechanisms of DNA transfer are quite elaborate and involve multiple protein components, as the case may be, of the virus, the donor cell, and the recipient cell. The mechanisms of viral infection and conjugation will be discussed mainly with respect to their relevance to transformation.
Transformer modeling in power systems
A practical and accurate method of modeling various transformers in power systems using a general circuit model approach is described in this paper. The advantage of the new approach is that it can model transformers along with a complex circuit network, while avoiding the use of symmetrical components, unlike other approaches. The transformer modeling technique introduced in this paper is very useful to accurately determine fault current distribution in a power system and electromagnetic interference on pipelines and communication lines installed in a right-of-way consisting of transmission lines operating at different voltages.
Ma, J.; Dawalibi, F.P. [Safe Engineering Services and Technologies Ltd., Montreal, Quebec (Canada)
Breath is a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water
12 SCIENCE Breath is a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapour, inert gases. On the basis of proton affinity, the major constituents of air and breath (nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide
Electrochemical process for the preparation of nitrogen fertilizers
The present invention provides methods and apparatus for the preparation of nitrogen fertilizers including ammonium nitrate, urea, urea-ammonium nitrate, and/or ammonia utilizing a source of carbon, a source of nitrogen, and/or a source of hydrogen. Implementing an electrolyte serving as ionic charge carrier, (1) ammonium nitrate is produced via the reduction of a nitrogen source at the cathode and the oxidation of a nitrogen source at the anode; (2) urea or its isomers are produced via the simultaneous cathodic reduction of a carbon source and a nitrogen source; (3) ammonia is produced via the reduction of nitrogen source at the cathode and the oxidation of a hydrogen source at the anode; and (4) urea-ammonium nitrate is produced via the simultaneous cathodic reduction of a carbon source and a nitrogen source, and anodic oxidation of a nitrogen source. The electrolyte can be solid.
Aulich, Ted R.; Olson, Edwin S.; Jiang, Junhua
First Principles Prediction of Nitrogen-doped Carbon Nanotubes...
First Principles Prediction of Nitrogen-doped Carbon Nanotubes as a High-Performance Cathode for Li-S Batteries. First Principles Prediction of Nitrogen-doped Carbon Nanotubes as a...
Liquid absorbent solutions for separating nitrogen from natural gas
Nitrogen-absorbing and -desorbing compositions, novel ligands and transition metal complexes, and methods of using the same, which are useful for the selective separation of nitrogen from other gases, especially natural gas.
Friesen, Dwayne T. (Bend, OR); Babcock, Walter C. (Bend, OR); Edlund, David J. (Redmond, OR); Lyon, David K. (Bend, OR); Miller, Warren K. (Bend, OR)
Liquid Nitrogen Ice Cream (1st Grade) Lesson Plan
substance. Materials: 5 or more Liters of liquid nitrogen (gloves, goggles, and lab coat recommended the liquid nitrogen and safety gear you wear have fun with it!) 4. Mix heavy cream, half & half, and sugar
Cutting NOx from Diesel Engines with Membrane-Generated Nitrogen...
Cutting NOx from Diesel Engines with Membrane-Generated Nitrogen-Enriched Air Cutting NOx from Diesel Engines with Membrane-Generated Nitrogen-Enriched Air 2005 Diesel Engine...
Mineral Transformation and Biomass Accumulation Associated With
Mineral Transformation and Biomass Accumulation Associated With Uranium Bioremediation at Rifle transformation and biomass accumulation, both of which can alter the flow field and potentially bioremediation to understand the biogeochemical processes and to quantify the biomass and mineral transformation/ accumulation
Hubbard, Susan
Transforms for the Motion Compensation Residual
The Discrete-Cosine-Transform (DCT) is the most widely used transform in image and video compression. Its use in image compression is often justified by the notion that it is the statistically optimal transform for first-order ...
Kamisli, Fatih
TRANSFORMING ACADEMIA Historical Developments, Contemporary Perspectives and
ISyE 8803A TRANSFORMING ACADEMIA Historical Developments, Contemporary Perspectives independence and this organizational structure represent the first major transformation of academia. These characteristics of academia have persisted for over 900 years and seem immutable. Yet, notable transformations
Li, Mo
Introduction Air Quality and Nitrogen Dioxide
- Global update 2005. Primary sources of air pollutants include combustion products from power generationIntroduction Air Quality and Nitrogen Dioxide Air pollution can be defined as "the presence effects to man and/or the environment". (DEFRA) "Clean air is considered to be a basic requirement
groundwater nitrogen source identification and remediation
producer profits. This will, in turn, benefit water bodies in the area that receive stream baseflow fromgroundwater nitrogen source identification and remediation The Seymour Aquifer is a shallow aquifer water withdraws are used for irrigation while the cities of Vernon, Burk- burnett and Electra and many
Nitrogen chemistry during oil shale pyrolysis
Real time evolution of ammonia (NH{sub 3}) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN), two major nitrogen-containing volatiles evolved during oil shale pyrolysis, was measured by means of a mass spectrometer using chemical ionization and by infrared spectroscopy. While the on-line monitoring of NH{sub 3} in oil shale pyrolysis games was possible by both techniques, HCN measurements were only possible by IR. We studied one Green River Formation oil shale and one New Albany oil shale. The ammonia from the Green River oil shale showed one broad NH{sub 3} peak maximizing at a high temperature. For both oil shales, most NH{sub 3} evolves at temperatures above oil-evolving temperature. The important factors governing ammonia salts such as Buddingtonite in Green River oil shales, the distribution of nitrogen functional groups in kerogen, and the retorting conditions. The gas phase reactions, such as NH{sub 3} decomposition and HCN conversion reactions, also play an important role in the distribution of nitrogen volatiles, especially at high temperatures. Although pyrolysis studies of model compounds suggests the primary nitrogen product from kerogen pyrolysis to be HCN at high temperatures, we found only a trace amount of HCN at oil-evolving temperatures and none at high temperatures (T {gt} 600{degree}C). 24 refs., 6 figs., 2 tabs.
Oh, Myongsook S.; Crawford, R.W.; Foster, K.G.; Alcaraz, A.
OXYGEN ADSORPTION ON NITROGEN CONTAINING CARBON SURFACES Alejandro Montoya, Jorge O. Gil, Fanor-rich site of the carbon basal plane of graphite and then, it dissociates into oxygen atoms.1,2 Oxygen atoms at the edge of the carbon surface can form covalent bonds with oxygen. These sites can chemisorb
Truong, Thanh N.
Nitrogen oxide abatement by distributed fuel addition
A combustor has been designed in order to retard the formation of nitrogen oxides by injection of reburning fuel. The design and the rebuilding of the new combustor was completed. Several new features were incorporated in the new design so that it would last longer. The design and construction of the furnace are discussed in this report. (VC)
Wendt, J.O.L.; Mereb, J.B.
Ancilla Approximable Quantum State Transformations
We consider the transformations of quantum states obtainable by a process of the following sort. Combine the given input state with a specially prepared initial state of an auxiliary system. Apply a unitary transformation to the combined system. Measure the state of the auxiliary subsystem. If (and only if) it is in a specified final state, consider the process successful, and take the resulting state of the original (principal) system as the result of the process. We review known information about exact realization of transformations by such a process. Then we present results about approximate realization of finite partial transformations. We consider primarily the issue of approximation to within a specified positive epsilon, but we also address the question of arbitrarily close approximation.
Andreas Blass; Yuri Gurevich
Evolutionary tradeoffs can select against nitrogen fixation and thereby maintain nitrogen limitation
. evolutionary ecology model Biological nitrogen (N) fixation--the conversion of atmo- spheric N2 gas) but is equally important to explaining the paradox of N limitation. Unlike the successional question
Menge, Duncan
Nitrogen limiation and nitrogen fixation during alkane biodegradation in a sandy soil
Leaking underground storage tanks are a significant source of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in soils and ground water. Hydrocarbon biodegradation studies have been conducted in both ground water and topsoil regions, but few studies have been done on the unsaturated zone between these two. This study examines the effects of Nitrogen on propane and butane biodegradiations in an unsaturated sandy soil. Results indicate that nitrogen additions initially stimulated both propane and butane oxidizing organisms in the soil, but that propane-amended soil became N limited whereas butane-amended soil eventually overcame its N limitations by fixing Nitrogen and that nitrogen fixing organisms grew in butane amended but not in propane amended soil. 27 refs., 6 figs.
Toccalino, P.L.; Johnson, R.L.; Boone, D.R. (Oregon Graduate Institute of Science Technology, Portland, OR (United States))
Amendment 1 - Dry-type power transformers
Specifies requirements for dry-type power transformers (including auto-transformers) having values of highest voltage for equipment up to and including 36 kV. The following small and special dry-type transformers are not covered by this standard: -instrument transformers (covered by IEC 60185 and 60186); -transformers for static convertors (covered by IEC 60084, 60119 and 60146). Where IEC standards do not exist for other special transformers, this standard may be applicable as a whole or in part.
Coupled diffusional/displacive transformations
), TRIP steels (transformation in- duced plasticity), ausforming steels (plastically deformed austenite prior to quenching) and dual phase steels (a mixture of ferrite + martensite obtained by quenching from the 1+ Q' field). a c b d Figure 1... Supersaturated Ferrite Plates 137 v Abstract The displacive transformation of austenite to ferrite in steels containing both substitutional and interstitial elements has been studied. The aim was to establish the conditions under which plates of the product phase...
Mujahid, Shafiq Ahmad
On the broken ray transform
This PhD thesis studies the broken ray transform, a generalization of the geodesic X-ray transform where geodesics are replaced with broken rays that reflect on a part of the boundary. The fundamental question is whether this transform is injective. We employ four different methods to approach this question, and each of them gives interesting results. Direct calculation can be used in a ball, where the geometry is particularly simple. If the reflecting part of the boundary is (piecewise) flat, a reflection argument can be used to reduce the problem to the usual X-ray transform. In some geometries one can use broken rays near the boundary to determine the values of the unknown function at the reflector, and even construct its Taylor series. One can also use energy estimates -- which in this context are known as Pestov identities -- to show injectivity in the presence of one convex reflecting obstacle. Many of these methods work also on Riemannian manifolds. We also discuss the periodic broken ray transform, where the integrals are taken over periodic broken rays. The broken ray transform and its periodic version have applications in other inverse problems, including Calder\\'on's problem and problems related to spectral geometry. A more detailed abstract can be found in the PDF file. This version only contains the introductory parts of the thesis. The full thesis also contains five articles.
Joonas Ilmavirta
Metamaterial flexible sheets could transform optics
Metamaterial flexible sheets could transform optics Metamaterial flexible sheets could transform optics Advances would boost security screening systems, infrared thermal cameras,...
The Industrial Transformation of Subarctic Canada
in the subarctic region of Canada. The role of scientificTransformation of Subarctic Canada By Liza Piper Reviewed byTransformation of Subarctic Canada. Vancouver, BC: UBC
Mathoor, Vineeth
Energy Department Finalizes Loan Guarantee for Transformational...
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
Transformational Rooftop Solar Project Energy Department Finalizes Loan Guarantee for Transformational Rooftop Solar Project September 30, 2011 - 3:37pm Addthis Washington D.C. -...
Investigation of Mineral Transformations in Wet Supercritical...
Mineral Transformations in Wet Supercritical CO2 by Electron Microscopy. Investigation of Mineral Transformations in Wet Supercritical CO2 by Electron Microscopy. Abstract: The...
Mineralogical transformations controlling acid mine drainage...
Mineralogical transformations controlling acid mine drainage chemistry. Mineralogical transformations controlling acid mine drainage chemistry. Abstract: The role of Fe(III)...
Marketing and Market Transformation | Department of Energy
and Market Transformation Marketing and Market Transformation Presents how going green will grow your business, as well as how programs can overcome appraisal challenges....
Sandia National Laboratories: Solar Market Transformation
Transformation * photovoltaic * Photovoltaics * PV * Renewable Energy * SAND 2011-4654W * Solar Energy * Solar Market Transformation * Solar Research Comments are closed. Renewable...
Building America Expert Meeting: Transforming Existing Buildings...
Energy Savers [EERE]
Transforming Existing Buildings through New Media--An Idea Exchange Building America Expert Meeting: Transforming Existing Buildings through New Media--An Idea Exchange This report...
Relation of Soil Nitrogen, Nitrification and Ammonification to Pot Experiments.
............................................ 6 Relation of the Crops to the Total Nitrogen of the Soil ........... 7 Relation of the Different Crops ................................. 8 Relation of Surface Soil to Subsoil ............................. 13 Acid Soils Compared with Non-Acid... of Production of Nitrates to the Results of the Pot Ex- periments ................................................ 21 Extensive Work ............................................ 24 Relation of Nitric Nitrogen to Nitrogen Removed by First Crop .... 24...
Fraps, G. S. (George Stronach)
QuestionQuestion How does nitrogen deposition affect roadside
al. 2004. Concentrations of ammonia and nitrogen dioxide at roadside verges, and their contributionQuestionQuestion How does nitrogen deposition affect roadside plant community composition? 1. Is there a gradient of nitrogen deposition to freeway verges from traffic exhaust? 2. Are there other sources of N
Hall, Sharon J.
Tropospheric Reactive Nitrogen Speciation, Deposition, and Chemistry at Harvard Forest
and absolute contributions of nitric acid (HNO3) and NOx (nitric oxide (NO) + nitrogen dioxide (NO2)) to totalTropospheric Reactive Nitrogen Speciation, Deposition, and Chemistry at Harvard Forest A thesis. Steven C. Wofsy Cassandra Volpe Horii Tropospheric Reactive Nitrogen Speciation, Deposition
On-Road Emission Measurements of Reactive Nitrogen Compounds from
, nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ammonia (NH3), and nitrous acid (HONO) produced by internalOn-Road Emission Measurements of Reactive Nitrogen Compounds from Three California Cities G A R Y measurements of reactive nitrogen compounds from light-duty vehicles. At the San Jose and wLA sites
Denver, University of
Air Pollution XVI 247 Emissions of Nitrogen Dioxide from Modern
Air Pollution XVI 247 Emissions of Nitrogen Dioxide from Modern Diesel Vehicles G.A. Bishop and D negative implications for local photochemical ozone production. Keywords: Nitrogen dioxide, automobile strategies, Lemaire [1] suggests that nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was forgotten as a separate component of the NOx
Simple approaches for measuring dry atmospheric nitrogen deposition to watersheds
'' and spatial variations of gaseous dry N deposition (i.e., nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ammonia (NH3)), thoughSimple approaches for measuring dry atmospheric nitrogen deposition to watersheds Heather E. Golden the effects of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition on surface water quality requires accurate accounts
Elliott, Emily M.
Nitrogen use in switchgrass grown for bioenergy across the USA
Nitrogen use in switchgrass grown for bioenergy across the USA V.N. Owens a , D.R. Viands b , H Available online 17 August 2013 Keywords: Nitrogen removal Switchgrass Bioenergy Nitrogen use efficiency as a forage, conservation, and bioenergy crop [1e5]. It offers a number of distinct benefits including broad
Pawlowski, Wojtek
Nitrogen-concentration control in GaNAs/AlGaAs quantum wells using nitrogen ?-doping technique
GaNAs/Al{sub 0.35}Ga{sub 0.65}As multiple quantum wells (MQWs) with nitrogen ?-doping were fabricated on GaAs (100) substrates by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. High controllability of nitrogen-concentrations in the MQWs was achieved by tuning nitrogen ?-doping time. The maximum nitrogen concentration in the MQWs was 2.8%. The MQWs exhibit intense, narrow photoluminescence emission.
Mano, Takaaki; Jo, Masafumi; Kuroda, Takashi; Noda, Takeshi; Sugimoto, Yoshimasa; Sakuma, Yoshiki [National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047 (Japan); Elborg, Martin; Sakoda, Kazuaki [National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan and Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577 (Japan)
Toward a mechanistic modeling of nitrogen limitation on vegetation dynamics
Nitrogen is a dominant regulator of vegetation dynamics, net primary production, and terrestrial carbon cycles; however, most ecosystem models use a rather simplistic relationship between leaf nitrogen content and photosynthetic capacity. Such an approach does not consider how patterns of nitrogen allocation may change with differences in light intensity, growing-season temperature and CO{sub 2} concentration. To account for this known variability in nitrogen-photosynthesis relationships, we develop a mechanistic nitrogen allocation model based on a trade-off of nitrogen allocated between growth and storage, and an optimization of nitrogen allocated among light capture, electron transport, carboxylation, and respiration. The developed model is able to predict the acclimation of photosynthetic capacity to changes in CO{sub 2} concentration, temperature, and radiation when evaluated against published data of V{sub c,max} (maximum carboxylation rate) and J{sub max} (maximum electron transport rate). A sensitivity analysis of the model for herbaceous plants, deciduous and evergreen trees implies that elevated CO{sub 2} concentrations lead to lower allocation of nitrogen to carboxylation but higher allocation to storage. Higher growing-season temperatures cause lower allocation of nitrogen to carboxylation, due to higher nitrogen requirements for light capture pigments and for storage. Lower levels of radiation have a much stronger effect on allocation of nitrogen to carboxylation for herbaceous plants than for trees, resulting from higher nitrogen requirements for light capture for herbaceous plants. As far as we know, this is the first model of complete nitrogen allocation that simultaneously considers nitrogen allocation to light capture, electron transport, carboxylation, respiration and storage, and the responses of each to altered environmental conditions. We expect this model could potentially improve our confidence in simulations of carbon-nitrogen interactions and the vegetation feedbacks to climate in Earth system models.
Xu, Chonggang [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL); Fisher, Rosie [National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR); Wullschleger, Stan D [ORNL; Wilson, Cathy [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL); Cai, Michael [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL); McDowell, Nathan [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)
The design of stable high nitrogen systems
A general strategy for the design of high nitrogen systems with an adequate degree of stability has been elaborated. The design of nitro compounds in which terminal nitro groups are bonded to the chain of several heteroatoms is a specific case within the strategy. In the process of working out the strategy a number of new high nitrogen systems (dinitrazenic acid or dinitroamide HN{sub 3}O{sub 4} and its salts, nitrodiazene oxides RN{sub 3}O{sub 3} and tetrazine dioxides) were discovered. A new of new types of nitro compounds (bicyclo nitro-bis-hydroxylamine, nitrohydrazine, nitrohydroxylamine, sulfo-N-nitroimide and bis-N-nitroimide) were synthesized. This study opens new prospects in the field of the synthesis of high energy materials.
Tartakovsky, V.A. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow (Russian Federation). N.D. Zelinsky Inst. of Organic Chemistry
The Ideal Transformer Description and Circuit Symbol
The Ideal Transformer Description and Circuit Symbol As with all the other circuit elements, there is a physical transformer commonly used in circuits whose behavior can be discussed in great detail. However, in many cases the practical transformer can be adequately approximated by the "ideal transformer," which
King, Roger
Phase Transformations in Confined Nanosystems
This project discovered that non-equilibrium structures, including chemically ordered structures not observed in bulk systems, form in isolated nanoscale systems. Further, a generalized model was developed that effectively explained the suppression of equilibrium phase transformations. This thermodynamic model considered the free energy decrease associated with the phase transformation was less than the increase in energy associated with the formation of an interphase interface, therefore inhibiting the phase transformation. A critical diameter exists where the system transitions to bulk behavior, and a generalized equation was formulated that successfully predicted this transition in the Fe-Au system. This provided and explains a new route to novel structures not possible in bulk systems. The structural characterization was accomplished using transmission electron microscopy in collaboration with Matthew Kramer of Ames Laboratory. The PI and graduate student visited Ames Laboratory several times a year to conduct the experiments.
Shield, Jeffrey E. [Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering] [Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering; Belashchenko, Kirill [Department of Physics & Astronomy] [Department of Physics & Astronomy
Plant nitrogen regulatory P-PII polypeptides
The present invention generally relates to plant nitrogen regulatory PII gene (hereinafter P-PII gene), a gene involved in regulating plant nitrogen metabolism. The invention provides P-PII nucleotide sequences, expression constructs comprising said nucleotide sequences, and host cells and plants having said constructs and, optionally expressing the P-PII gene from said constructs. The invention also provides substantially pure P-PII proteins. The P-PII nucleotide sequences and constructs of the invention may be used to engineer organisms to overexpress wild-type or mutant P-PII regulatory protein. Engineered plants that overexpress or underexpress P-PII regulatory protein may have increased nitrogen assimilation capacity. Engineered organisms may be used to produce P-PII proteins which, in turn, can be used for a variety of purposes including in vitro screening of herbicides. P-PII nucleotide sequences have additional uses as probes for isolating additional genomic clones having the promoters of P-PII gene. P-PII promoters are light- and/or sucrose-inducible and may be advantageously used in genetic engineering of plants.
Coruzzi, Gloria M.; Lam, Hon-Ming; Hsieh, Ming-Hsiun
On the equivalence of state transformer semantics and predicate transformer semantics
On the equivalence of state transformer semantics and predicate transformer semantics Dedicated and the author [13] have worked out the equivalence between state transformer semantics and predicate transformer the last section, where the equivalence of predicate and state transformer semantics is finally put
Keimel, Klaus
Model Transformations? Transformation Models! Jean Bezivin (A) , Fabian Buttner (B) , Martin Gogolla (B) ,
Model Transformations? Transformation Models! Jean Bezivin (A) , Fabian B�?uttner (B) , Martin of the current work on model transformations seems essentially operational and executable in nature. Executable, transformations can also be viewed as descriptive models by stating only the properties a transformation has
Gogolla, Martin - Fachbereich 3
ENGI 2422 Laplace Transforms Page 5-01 5.01 Transforms
ENGI 2422 Laplace Transforms Page 5-01 5.01 Transforms In some situations, a difficult problem can be transformed into an easier problem, whose solution can be transformed back into the solution of the original problem. For example, an integrating factor can sometimes be found to transform a non-exact first order
George, Glyn
Evolution of Photosynthesis and Biospheric Oxygenation Contingent Upon Nitrogen Fixation?
How photosynthesis by Precambrian cyanobacteria oxygenated Earth's biosphere remains incompletely understood. Here it is argued that the oxic transition, which took place between approximately 2.3 and 0.5 Gyr ago, required a great proliferation of cyanobacteria, and this in turn depended on their ability to fix nitrogen via the nitrogenase enzyme system. However, the ability to fix nitrogen was not a panacea, and the rate of biospheric oxygenation may still have been affected by nitrogen constraints on cyanobacterial expansion. Evidence is presented for why cyanobacteria probably have a great need for fixed nitrogen than other prokaryotes, underscoring the importance of their ability to fix nitrogen. The connection between nitrogen fixation and the evolution of photosynthesis is demonstrated by the similarities between nitrogenase and enzymes critical for the biosynthesis of (bacterio)chlorophyll. It is hypothesized that biospheric oxygenation would not have occurred if the emergence of cyanobacteria had not been preceded by the evolution of nitrogen fixation, and if these organisms had not also acquired the ability to fix nitrogen at the beginning of or very early in their history. The evolution of nitrogen fixation also appears to have been a precondition for the evolution of (bacterio)chlorophyll-based photosynthesis. Given that some form of chlorophyll is obligatory for true photosynthesis, and its light absorption and chemical properties make it a "universal pigment," it may be predicted that the evolution of nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis are also closely linked on other Earth- like planets.
John W. Grula
Induced geometry from disformal transformation
In this note, we use the disformal transformation to induce a geometry from the manifold which is originally Riemannian. The new geometry obtained here can be considered as a generalization of Weyl integrable geometry. Based on these results, we further propose a geometry which is naturally a generalization of Weyl geometry.
Yuan, Fang-Fang
Fang-Fang Yuan; Peng Huang
sulfate) SH + AS - 15 N (Sunn hemp + 15 N-labeled ammonium15 N ( 15 N-labeled Sunn hemp) CONCLUSIONS In the first cutL. ) fertilized with sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L. ) as
How photosynthesis by Precambrian cyanobacteria oxygenated Earth's biosphere remains incompletely understood. Here it is argued that the oxic transition, which took place between approximately 2.3 and 0.5 Gyr ago, required a great proliferation of cyanobacteria, and this in turn depended on their ability to fix nitrogen via the nitrogenase enzyme system. However, the ability to fix nitrogen was not a panacea, and the rate of biospheric oxygenation may still have been affected by nitrogen constraints on cyanobacterial expansion. Evidence is presented for why cyanobacteria probably have a great need for fixed nitrogen than other prokaryotes, underscoring the importance of their ability to fix nitrogen. The connection between nitrogen fixation and the evolution of photosynthesis is demonstrated by the similarities between nitrogenase and enzymes critical for the biosynthesis of (bacterio)chlorophyll. It is hypothesized that biospheric oxygenation would not have occurred if the emergence of cyanobacteria had not ...
Grula, J W
Nitrogen removal from natural gas using two types of membranes
A process for treating natural gas or other methane-rich gas to remove excess nitrogen. The invention relies on two-stage membrane separation, using methane-selective membranes for the first stage and nitrogen-selective membranes for the second stage. The process enables the nitrogen content of the gas to be substantially reduced, without requiring the membranes to be operated at very low temperatures.
Baker, Richard W.; Lokhandwala, Kaaeid A.; Wijmans, Johannes G.; Da Costa, Andre R.
Worldwide organic soil carbon and nitrogen data
The objective of the research presented in this package was to identify data that could be used to estimate the size of the soil organic carbon pool under relatively undisturbed soil conditions. A subset of the data can be used to estimate amounts of soil carbon storage at equilibrium with natural soil-forming factors. The magnitude of soil properties so defined is a resulting nonequilibrium values for carbon storage. Variation in these values is due to differences in local and geographic soil-forming factors. Therefore, information is included on location, soil nitrogen content, climate, and vegetation along with carbon density and variation.
Zinke, P.J.; Stangenberger, A.G. [Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Forestry and Resource Management; Post, W.M.; Emanual, W.R.; Olson, J.S. [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)
Nitrogen oxides storage catalysts containing cobalt
Nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x) storage catalysts comprising cobalt and barium with a lean NO.sub.x storage ratio of 1.3 or greater. The NO.sub.x storage catalysts can be used to reduce NO.sub.x emissions from diesel or gas combustion engines by contacting the catalysts with the exhaust gas from the engines. The NO.sub.x storage catalysts can be one of the active components of a catalytic converter, which is used to treat exhaust gas from such engines.
Lauterbach, Jochen (Newark, DE); Snively, Christopher M. (Clarks Summit, PA); Vijay, Rohit (Annandale, NJ); Hendershot, Reed (Breinigsville, PA); Feist, Ben (Newark, DE)
Nitrogen oxides emission trends in Monthly emission estimates of nitrogen oxides from space provide
Chapter 5 Nitrogen oxides emission trends in East Asia Abstract Monthly emission estimates present first results of a new emission estimation algorithm, specifically designed to use daily satellite observations of column concentrations for fast updates of emission estimates of short-lived atmospheric
Haak, Hein
Nitrogen Deposition in the Southern High Plains Nitrogen is necessary for life on earth, but
. As a result, converting dinitrogen to other forms of nitrogen requires a lot of energy to break that bond from the air. Photosynthetic energy in plants and chemical energy in soil microorganisms also can originated from industrial fertilizer production since the early 1900s, when the Nobel Prize-winning German
Mukhtar, Saqib
Increasing Price of Nitrogen Nitrogen fertilizer is often the largest contributor to the
events; the distribution of more than 5,700 publications; and access to web-based guidance on deep and associated costs. Since 2007, the importance of deep-soil testing for nitrogen management has been-sampling methods and procedures. Economic and Environmental Impact The economic impact of deep-soil testing
Nitrogen-incorporation induced changes in the microstructure...
in the microstructure of nanocrystalline WO3 thin films. Abstract: Nitrogen doped tungsten oxide (WO3) films were grown by reactive magnetron sputter-deposition by varying the...
Nitrogen Control in Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking by Direct...
a new technology with the potential to reduce operating costs and increase productivity in bar and flat-rolled products for the steel industry. Nitrogen Control in...
Absorption of Foliar-Applied Nitrogen by Cotton
wax, and nitrogen-15 absorption. Crop Science 37:807-811.water- deficit stress, and the absorption of foliar-appliedgrowth favorable for N absorption and translocation. Four
Oosterhuis, Derrick M
Global Proteomics Reveal An Atypical Strategy for Carbon/Nitrogen...
crucial to global oxygen production and worldwide carbon and nitrogen cycles. These microalgae are robust organisms capable carbon neutral biofuel production. Synechocystis sp....
SAE Paper 750173, 1975. L. , Fifteenth Symposium Combustion,The Combustion Institute, International Pittsburgh, on 64.chemistry of products of combustion: nitrogenous The
alter carbon nitrogen: Topics by E-print Network
PAPER Influence of tree species on carbon and nitrogen Physics Websites Summary: and for carbon sequestration (Jandl et al. 2007). Soil acidification and carbon sequestration are...
Nitrogen-Doped Graphene and its Application in Electrochemical...
Doped Graphene and its Application in Electrochemical Biosensing. Nitrogen-Doped Graphene and its Application in Electrochemical Biosensing. Abstract: Chemical doping with foreign...
Effect of Nitrogen Additives on Flame Retardant Action of Tributyl...
of tributyl phosphate (TBP) has been investigated. From the LOI tests on treated cotton it is clear that the nitrogen additives have synergistic action. Estimation of...
Nitrogeneous Species in Gas Turbine Exhaust, from Conkle, et82) Percent of Organic Gas Turbine Emissions which containnitrogen dioxide from gas turbines (from the data presented
Ultrafast Transformations in Superionic Nanocrystals
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear SecurityTensile Strain Switched Ferromagnetism in Layeredof2014 EIAUltrafast Transformations in Superionic
Continuous space-time transformations
We prove that every continuous map acting on the four-dimensional Minkowski space and preserving light cones in one direction only is either a Poincar\\'e similarity, that is, a product of a Lorentz transformation and a dilation, or it is of a very special degenerate form. In the presence of the continuity assumption the main tool in the proof is a basic result from the homotopy theory of spheres.
Cl�ment de Seguins Pazzis; Peter �emrl
Counter urban transformation in Istanbul Beyoglu
Urban transformation has become central to the Turkish government's neo-liberal program of commercial development for Istanbul. These transformations have provoked public discontent and passionate responses, the largest ...
Uzunyayla, Sakine Dicle
Harmonic Wavelet Transform and Image Approximation
DOI 10.1007/s10851-010-0202-x Harmonic Wavelet Transform andwe approximate f by a harmonic function u such that thebanks. We call this the Harmonic Wavelet Transform (HWT).
Zhang, Zhihua; Saito, Naoki
Transforms for prediction residuals in video coding
Typically the same transform, the 2-D Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), is used to compress both image intensities in image coding and prediction residuals in video coding. Major prediction residuals include the motion ...
Kam??l?, Fatih
Measure Transformer Semantics for Bayesian Machine Learning
Measure Transformer Semantics for Bayesian Machine Learning Johannes Borgstr¨om1, Andrew D. Gordon1 define combinators for measure transformers, based on theorems in measure theory, and use these to give
Plotkin, Joshua B.
Toward Institutional Sustainability: A Nitrogen Footprint for the Marine Biological Maggie Notopoulos
amounts of resources including electricity and food to maintain their daily activities. Food purchases of reactive nitrogen (Nr), all nitrogen compounds other than N2, associated with their use. Most of the Nr: Reactive Nitrogen, Nitrogen Footprint, Sustainability, Fertilizer, Nitrogen Uptake Factors, Virtual
Continuous improvement in nitrogen rejection unit design
The design and fabrication of Nitrogen Rejection Units (NRU) has advanced considerably over the past 15 years. Improvements have been made in all aspects of producing an NRU plant and cold box. This paper presents the primary areas involved that have seen these improvements. (1) Process design: the two-column process has been superseded by an approach which utilizes multiple flash drums and one column. This leads to a smaller and lower cost cold box. With low nitrogen content feeds, the prefractionater recovers half the methane as a high pressure residue gas and reduces the cold box size. (2) Mechanical Design: improved software enables the design process to be more accurate, eliminate piping and equipment interferences, reduce the size of the box and save design time. (3) Manufacturing: the interfacing of the 3D software design tools and the manufacturing process enables the shop floor personnel to reduce the manufacturing time by 10%. All of these individual improvements have reduced the real cost of an NRU substantially over the past 15 years.
O`Brien, J.V. [Process Systems International, Inc., Westborough, MA (United States); Maloney, J.J. [Praxair, Inc., Tonawanda, NY (United States)
Effect of fluorine, nitrogen, and carbon impurities on the electronic and magnetic properties of WO{sub 3}
Within electron density functional theory with the use of the Vienna ab-initio simulation package (VASP), the effect of the sp substitutional impurities of fluorine (n-type dopant), nitrogen, and carbon (p-type dopants) on the electronic and magnetic properties of tungsten trioxide WO{sub 3} is studied. It is established that these impurities induce the transformation of tungsten trioxide (nonmagnetic semiconductor) into nonmagnetic metal (WO{sub 3}:F), magnetic semimetal (WO{sub 3}:N), or magnetic metal (WO{sub 3}:C) states.
Shein, I. R.; Ivanovskii, A. L. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Solid State Chemistry (Russian Federation)
Accelerating the transformation of power systems
Accelerating the transformation of power systems Ancillary Services Peer Exchange with India- to-peer consultation. The 21st Century Power Partnership aims to accelerate the global transformation consultative support Accelerating the transformation of power systems NREL/FS-6A20-61811 · May 2014 15013
Gravity Transform for Input Conditioning in
Gravity Transform for Input Conditioning in Brain Machine Interfaces António R. C. Paiva, José C. Motivation 2. Methods i. Gravity Transform ii. Modeling and output sensitivity analysis 3. Data Analysis #12;3 Outline 1. Motivation 2. Methods i. Gravity Transform ii. Modeling and output sensitivity analysis 3. Data
Paiva, António R. C.
RECENTER -ADVERSITY INTO TRANSFORMATION Course Description
Center" delivers power tools and real time strategies for creating performance transformation � no matter what and practical system for transforming your communication skills from the inside and outside. � Use real timeRECENTER - ADVERSITY INTO TRANSFORMATION Course Description: Knowing how to use adversity
Coles, William A.
The TRANSFORMATION OF CONFLICTS AMONG ETHIOPIAN PASTORALISTS
The TRANSFORMATION OF CONFLICTS AMONG ETHIOPIAN PASTORALISTS: Ethnography of the Notion of Conflict This PhD thesis is concerned with studying the conceptualization, performance and transformation in their nature and have not yet achieved full transformation to peace. The research supports the notion
Richner, Heinz
Transforming and Refining Abstract Constraint Specifications
Transforming and Refining Abstract Constraint Specifications Alan M. Frisch1 , Brahim Hnich2 , Ian choose model transformations to reduce greatly the amount of effort that is required to solve a problem by systematic search. It is a consid- erable challenge to automate such transformations. A problem may be viewed
Walsh, Toby
LAPPED TRANSFORMS Ricardo L. de Queiroz
LAPPED TRANSFORMS Ricardo L. de Queiroz Advanced Color Imaging Xerox Corporation email@example.com 0.1 Introduction The idea of a lapped transform (LT, for short) maintaining orthogonality and non with the blocking artifacts so common in traditional block transform coding of images. The idea was to extend
Quantum arithmetic with the Quantum Fourier Transform
The Quantum Fourier Transform offers an interesting way to perform arithmetic operations on a quantum computer. We review existing Quantum Fourier Transform adders and multipliers and propose some modifications that extend their capabilities. Among the new circuits, we propose a quantum method to compute the weighted average of a series of inputs in the transform domain.
Lidia Ruiz-Perez; Juan Carlos Garcia-Escartin
Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians and similarity transformations
We show that a straightforward similarity transformation between an Hermitian operator and a non-Hermitian one enables one to prove the results obtained by other authors by means of a gauge-like transformation. The similarity transformation also reveals the connection with pseudo-Hermiticity
Francisco M. Fern�ndez
YANGMILLS THEORY AND THE SEGALBARGMANN TRANSFORM BRIAN C. HALL Abstract. Motivated by the results cylinder, with the goal of obtaining an appropriate SegalBargmann transform. Using a Gaussian mea sure a variant of the classical SegalBargmann transform. A simple but nonrigorous argument shows
A Superconducting transformer system for high current cable testing
A Superconducting Transformer System for High Current Cablea Direct-Current (DC) superconducting transformer system forhigh current test of superconducting cables. The transformer
Godeke, A.
Towards Sustainable Communities: Transitions and Transformations in Environmental Policy
Transformations in Environmental Policy Daniel A. MazmanianTransformations in Environmental Policy (2 ed). Cambridge,Transformation in Environmental Policy is the second edition
Ghosh, Kaustuv
Cauchy transforms of measures viewed as some functionals of Fourier transforms
Cauchy transforms of measures viewed as some functionals of Fourier transforms Zbigniew J. Jurek Urbanik ABSTRACT. The Cauchy transform of a positive measure plays an impor- tant role in complex analysis and more recently in so-called free probability. We show here that the Cauchy transform restricted
Jurek, Zbigniew J.
Cauchy transforms of measures viewed as some functionals of Fourier transforms #
Cauchy transforms of measures viewed as some functionals of Fourier transforms # Zbigniew J. Jurek Urbanik ABSTRACT. The Cauchy transform of a positive measure plays an impor tant role in complex analysis and more recently in socalled free probability. We show here that the Cauchy transform restricted
Learning transformation rules from transformation examples: An approach based on Relational Concept Analysis
Learning transformation rules from transformation examples: An approach based on Relational Concept), model transformations are basic and primordial entities, thus easing their design and implementation is an important issue. A quite recently proposed way to create model transformations consists in deducing
Grid Transformation Workshop Results Grid Transformation Workshop Results 2 April 2012
Grid Transformation Workshop Results April 2012 #12;Grid Transformation Workshop Results 2 April 2012 Grid Transformation Workshop Results plications. We will explore the basics of data modeling Transformation Workshop: Advanced Reading Material Product ID 1024659. The material in this report builds upon
How extensive are the impacts of nitrogen pollution in Great
How extensive are the impacts of nitrogen pollution in Great Britain's forests? Protecting our forests from pollutant deposition is and has been a topical issue for some time. Nitrogen, as well as being an essential nutrient for trees, is one of the most important of these pollutants. This article
Nitrogen modification of highly porous carbon for improved supercapacitor performance
Nitrogen modification of highly porous carbon for improved supercapacitor performance Stephanie L for supercapacitor applications. Surface modification increases the amount of nitrogen by four times when compared elements in highly porous carbon used for electric double-layer supercapacitors.1 These elements modify
Cao, Guozhong
Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics of Temperate and Subarctic Heath
Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics of Temperate and Subarctic Heath Ecosystems with Emphasis on Cold-season cycling of carbon and nitrogen in temperate and subarctic heath ecosystems. Over the last three years, I spend many hours introducing me to modeling carbon exchange, thank you. Also thanks to Karina Clemmensen
Fuzzy predictive control for nitrogen removal in biological wastewater treatment
Fuzzy predictive control for nitrogen removal in biological wastewater treatment S. Marsili wastewater is too low, full denitrification is difficult to obtain and an additional source of organic carbon predictive control; wastewater treatment plant Introduction The problem of improving the nitrogen removal
The present invention provides methods and apparatus for the preparation of nitrogen fertilizers including ammonium nitrate, urea, urea-ammonium nitrate, and/or ammonia, at low temperature and pressure, preferably at ambient temperature and pressure, utilizing a source of carbon, a source of nitrogen, and/or a source of hydrogen or hydrogen equivalent. Implementing an electrolyte serving as ionic charge carrier, (1) ammonium nitrate is produced via the reduction of a nitrogen source at the cathode and the oxidation of a nitrogen source at the anode; (2) urea or its isomers are produced via the simultaneous cathodic reduction of a carbon source and a nitrogen source; (3) ammonia is produced via the reduction of nitrogen source at the cathode and the oxidation of a hydrogen source or a hydrogen equivalent such as carbon monoxide or a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at the anode; and (4) urea-ammonium nitrate is produced via the simultaneous cathodic reduction of a carbon source and a nitrogen source, and anodic oxidation of a nitrogen source. The electrolyte can be aqueous, non-aqueous, or solid.
Aulich, Ted R. (Grand Forks, ND); Olson, Edwin S. (Grand Forks, ND); Jiang, Junhua (Grand Forks, ND)
Nitrogen Loading and Attenuation in the West Falmouth Harbor Watershed
in nitrogen loading due to the opening of the wastewater treatment plant and increased septic inputs Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) and septic tanks arrive in the form of plumes of higher nitrogen. The treatment plant provides secondary treatment to the incoming wastewater but is not designed to provide
Quantum optics with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
We review the electronic level structure of the nitrogen-vacancy in diamond and some common experimental techniques to study its optical properties at low temperatures. We then summarize several recent experiments and advances in using nitrogen-vacancy centers for quantum optics.
Yiwen Chu; Mikhail D. Lukin
Computing Instantaneous Frequency by normalizing Hilbert Transform
This invention presents Normalized Amplitude Hilbert Transform (NAHT) and Normalized Hilbert Transform(NHT), both of which are new methods for computing Instantaneous Frequency. This method is designed specifically to circumvent the limitation set by the Bedorsian and Nuttal Theorems, and to provide a sharp local measure of error when the quadrature and the Hilbert Transform do not agree. Motivation for this method is that straightforward application of the Hilbert Transform followed by taking the derivative of the phase-angle as the Instantaneous Frequency (IF) leads to a common mistake made up to this date. In order to make the Hilbert Transform method work, the data has to obey certain restrictions.
Huang, Norden E.
Retrieval of ozone and nitrogen dioxide concentrations from Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment III (SAGE III)
Retrieval of ozone and nitrogen dioxide concentrations from Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas extinction. We retrieve ozone and nitrogen dioxide number densities and aerosol extinction from transmission), Retrieval of ozone and nitrogen dioxide concentrations from Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment III
Effects of elevated CO2 , nitrogen deposition, and decreased species diversity on foliar fungal plant disease
. Keywords: biodiversity, ecosystem, elevated carbon dioxide, nitrogen enrichment, parasites, plant pathogensEffects of elevated CO2 , nitrogen deposition, and decreased species diversity on foliar fungal Three components of global change, elevated CO2 , nitrogen addition, and decreased plant species
Crews, Stephen
Seven years of carbon dioxide enrichment, nitrogen fertilization and plant diversity influence arbuscular
Seven years of carbon dioxide enrichment, nitrogen fertilization and plant diversity influence by examining the joint effects of carbon dioxide (CO2) enrichment, nitrogen (N) fertilization and plant, community composition, grassland, niche partitioning hypothesis, nitrogen fertilization, plant richness
6/4/2013 Page 1 of 12 Nitrogen Dioxide SOP Standard Operating Procedures
6/4/2013 Page 1 of 12 Nitrogen Dioxide SOP Standard Operating Procedures Nitrogen Dioxide and Nitric Oxide Print a copy and insert into your laboratory the precautions and safe handling procedures for the use of Nitrogen Dioxide
Cohen, Ronald C.
Seven years of carbon dioxide enrichment, nitrogen fertilization and plant diversity influence by examining the joint effects of carbon dioxide (CO2) enrichment, nitrogen (N) fertilization and plant enrichment, community composition, grassland, niche partitioning hypothesis, nitrogen fertilization, plant
Satellite observations of ozone and nitrogen dioxide: from retrievals to emission estimates
Satellite observations of ozone and nitrogen dioxide: from retrievals to emission estimates #12 Satellite observations of ozone and nitrogen dioxide: from retrievals to emission es- timates / by Bas Subject headings: satellite retrieval / nitrogen dioxide / ozone / air pollution / emis- sion estimates
Eddy-covariance observations of the atmosphere-biosphere exchange of nitrogen oxides
and Kesselmeier, J. : Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) uptake byM. : Leaf uptake of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) in a tropicalMorikawa, H. : Atmospheric nitrogen dioxide gas is a plant
Min, Kyung-Eun
Removal of basic nitrogen compounds from hydrocarbon liquids
A method is provided for reducing the concentration of basic nitrogen compounds in hydrocarbonaceous feedstock fluids used in the refining industry by providing a solid particulate carbonaceous adsorbent/fuel material such as coal having active basic nitrogen complexing sites on the surface thereof and the coal with a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock containing basic nitrogen compounds to facilitate attraction of the basic nitrogen compounds to the complexing sites and the formation of complexes thereof on the surface of the coal. The adsorbent coal material and the complexes formed thereon are from the feedstock fluid to provide a hydrocarbonaceous fluid of reduced basic nitrogen compound concentration. The coal can then be used as fuel for boilers and the like.
Givens, Edwin N. (Bethlehem, PA); Hoover, David S. (New Tripoli, PA)
Safety evaluation for packaging (onsite) nitrogen trailers propane tanks
The purpose of the Safety Evaluation for Packaging (SEP) is the evaluation and authorization of the onsite transport of propane tanks that are mounted on the Lockheed Martin Hanford Corporation Characterization Project`s nitrogen trailers. This SEP authorizes onsite transport of the nitrogen trailers, including the propane tanks, until May 31, 1998. The three nitrogen trailers (HO-64-4966, HO-64-4968, and HO-64-5170) are rated for 1,361 kg (30,000 lb) and are equipped with tandem axles and pintel hitches. Permanently mounted on each trailer is a 5,678 L (1,500 gal) cryogenic dewar that is filled with nitrogen, and a propane fired water bath vaporizer system, and a 454 L (1 20 gal) propane tank. The nitrogen trailer system is operated only when it is disconnected from the tow vehicle and is leveled and stabilized. When the trailers are transported, the propane tanks are isolated via closed supply valves.
Ferrell, P.C.
Process for separating nitrogen from methane using microchannel process technology
The disclosed invention relates to a process for separating methane or nitrogen from a fluid mixture comprising methane and nitrogen, the process comprising: (A) flowing the fluid mixture into a microchannel separator, the microchannel separator comprising a plurality of process microchannels containing a sorption medium, the fluid mixture being maintained in the microchannel separator until at least part of the methane or nitrogen is sorbed by the sorption medium, and removing non-sorbed parts of the fluid mixture from the microchannel separator; and (B) desorbing the methane or nitrogen from the sorption medium and removing the desorbed methane or nitrogen from the microchannel separator. The process is suitable for upgrading methane from coal mines, landfills, and other sub-quality sources.
Tonkovich, Anna Lee (Marysville, OH); Qiu, Dongming (Dublin, OH); Dritz, Terence Andrew (Worthington, OH); Neagle, Paul (Westerville, OH); Litt, Robert Dwayne (Westerville, OH); Arora, Ravi (Dublin, OH); Lamont, Michael Jay (Hilliard, OH); Pagnotto, Kristina M. (Cincinnati, OH)
High flux solar energy transformation
Disclosed are multi-stage systems for high flux transformation of solar energy allowing for uniform solar intensification by a factor of 60,000 suns or more. Preferred systems employ a focusing mirror as a primary concentrative device and a non-imaging concentrator as a secondary concentrative device with concentrative capacities of primary and secondary stages selected to provide for net solar flux intensification of greater than 2000 over 95 percent of the concentration area. Systems of the invention are readily applied as energy sources for laser pumping and in other photothermal energy utilization processes. 7 figures.
Winston, R.; Gleckman, P.L.; O'Gallagher, J.J.
Disclosed are multi-stage systems for high flux transformation of solar energy allowing for uniform solar intensification by a factor of 60,000 suns or more. Preferred systems employ a focusing mirror as a primary concentrative device and a non-imaging concentrator as a secondary concentrative device with concentrative capacities of primary and secondary stages selected to provide for net solar flux intensification of greater than 2000 over 95 percent of the concentration area. Systems of the invention are readily applied as energy sources for laser pumping and in other photothermal energy utilization processes.
Winston, Roland (Chicago, IL); Gleckman, Philip L. (Chicago, IL); O'Gallagher, Joseph J. (Flossmoor, IL)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear SecurityTensile Strain Switched Ferromagnetism in Layeredof2014 EIAUltrafast Transformations in SuperionicUltrafast
Market Transformation | Department of Energy
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of Inspector General Office0-72.pdfGeorgeDoesn't HappenLow-CostManufacturingMarginalMarket Transformation Market
Transform Solar | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia:FAQ < RAPID Jump to:Seadov Pty LtdSteen,LtdInformation Dixie Valley Geothermal AreaTraillGreenTransform
Surface Damage and Treatment by Impact of a Low Temperature Nitrogen Jet
Nitrogen jets under high pressure and low temperature have been introduced recently. The process consists in projecting onto a surface a low temperature jet obtained from releasing the liquid nitrogen stored in a high pressure tank (e.g. 3000 bars) through a nozzle. It can be used in a range of industrial applications, including surface treatment or material removal through cutting, drilling, striping and cleaning. The process does not generate waste other than the removed matter, and it only releases neutral gas into the atmosphere. This work is aimed at understanding the mechanisms of the interaction between the jet and the material surface. Depending on the impacted material, the thermo-mechanical shock and blast effect induced by the jet can activate a wide range of damage mechanisms, including cleavage, crack nucleation and spalling, as well as void expansion and localized ductile failure. The test parameters (standoff distance, dwell time, operating pressure) play a role in selecting the dominant damage mechanism, but combinations of these various modes are usually present. Surface treatment through phase transformation or grain fragmentation in a layer below the surface can also be obtained by adequate tuning of the process parameters. In the current study, work is undertaken to map the damage mechanisms in metallic materials as well as the influence of the test parameters on damage, along with measurements of the thermo-mechanical conditions (impact force, temperature) in the impacted area.
Laribou, Hicham; Fressengeas, Claude; Entemeyer, Denis; Jeanclaude, Veronique [LPMM - Laboratoire de Physique et Mecanique des Materiaux, Universite Paul Verlaine-Metz / CNRS, Ile du Saulcy, Metz, 57045 (France); Tazibt, Abdel [CRITT TJF and U, Laboratoire Jet Fluide Tres Hautes Pressions, Bar-le-Duc, 55000 (France)
Nitrogen doped zinc oxide thin film
To summarize, polycrystalline ZnO thin films were grown by reactive sputtering. Nitrogen was introduced into the films by reactive sputtering in an NO{sub 2} plasma or by N{sup +} implantation. All ZnO films grown show n-type conductivity. In unintentionally doped ZnO films, the n-type conductivities are attributed to Zn{sub i}, a native shallow donor. In NO{sub 2}-grown ZnO films, the n-type conductivity is attributed to (N{sub 2}){sub O}, a shallow double donor. In NO{sub 2}-grown ZnO films, 0.3 atomic % nitrogen was found to exist in the form of N{sub 2}O and N{sub 2}. Upon annealing, N{sub 2}O decomposes into N{sub 2} and O{sub 2}. In furnace-annealed samples N{sub 2} redistributes diffusively and forms gaseous N{sub 2} bubbles in the films. Unintentionally doped ZnO films were grown at different oxygen partial pressures. Zni was found to form even at oxygen-rich condition and led to n-type conductivity. N{sup +} implantation into unintentionally doped ZnO film deteriorates the crystallinity and optical properties and leads to higher electron concentration. The free electrons in the implanted films are attributed to the defects introduced by implantation and formation of (N{sub 2}){sub O} and Zni. Although today there is still no reliable means to produce good quality, stable p-type ZnO material, ZnO remains an attractive material with potential for high performance short wavelength optoelectronic devices. One may argue that gallium nitride was in a similar situation a decade ago. Although we did not obtain any p-type conductivity, we hope our research will provide a valuable reference to the literature.
Li, Sonny X.
Nitrogen dioxide and respiratory illness in children. Part II: Assessment of exposure to nitrogen dioxide
Repeated measurements of nitrogen dioxide were obtained from 1988 to 1991 in the homes of 1,205 infants living in Albuquerque, NM. Passive diffusion samplers were used to obtain a series of two-week integrated measurements from the home of each infant for use in a cohort study of the relation of residential exposure to nitrogen dioxide and respiratory illnesses. Information on stove use and time spent inside the residence was collected at two-week and two-month intervals, respectively. During the winter, in the bedrooms of homes with gas cooking stoves, mean nitrogen dioxide concentrations were 21 parts per billion (ppb); mean concentrations in the living room and kitchen were 29 ppb and 34 ppb, respectively. In homes with electric cooking stoves, the mean bedroom concentration was 7 ppb during the winter. Lower indoor concentrations were observed during the summer in homes with both gas and electric stoves. On average, infants spent approximately 12.3 hours per day in their bedrooms, 7.3 hours in the living rooms, 35 minutes in the kitchens, and 3.8 hours out of their homes. (As a condition of participation, none of the infants spent more than 20 hours per week in day care outside of their homes). The mean time infants spent in the kitchen during cooking was approximately nine minutes per day. We tested whether exposures of infants living in homes with gas stoves could be reasonably estimated by measurements in the bedroom in comparison with time-weighted average concentrations based on time-activity data and simultaneous nitrogen dioxide measurements in the kitchen, living room, and bedroom. In 1,937 two-week intervals from 587 infants, 90% of time-weighted exposure (on the three-level classification used in this study) estimates were in agreement with estimates based on bedroom concentrations alone.
Lambert, W.E.; Samet, J.M.; Hunt, W.C.; Skipper, B.J.; Schwab, M.; Spengler, J.D. (Univ. of New Mexico Medical Center, Albuquerque (United States))
Response of photosynthesis and nitrogen nutrition in Juglans nigra L. with different nitrogen fertilizers Michael Nicodemus and Douglass F. Jacobs
Response of photosynthesis and nitrogen nutrition in Juglans nigra L. with different nitrogen INTRODUCTION N fertilization has been shown to positively affect photosynthesis in most studies N fertilization and photosynthesis is largely due to ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase (RUBISCO
Disformal transformation of cosmological perturbations
We investigate the gauge-invariant cosmological perturbations in the gravity and matter frames in the general scalar-tensor theory where two frames are related by the disformal transformation. The gravity and matter frames are the extensions of the Einstein and Jordan frames in the scalar-tensor theory where two frames are related by the conformal transformation, respectively. First, it is shown that the curvature perturbation in the comoving gauge to the scalar field is disformally invariant as well as conformally invariant, which gives the predictions from the cosmological model where the scalar field is responsible both for inflation and cosmological perturbations. Second, in case that the disformally coupled matter sector also contributes to curvature perturbations, we derive the evolution equations of the curvature perturbation in the uniform matter energy density gauge from the energy (non)conservation in the matter sector, which are independent of the choice of the gravity sector. While in the matter frame the curvature perturbation in the uniform matter energy density gauge is conserved on superhorizon scales for the vanishing nonadiabatic pressure, in the gravity frame it is not conserved even if the nonadiabatic pressure vanishes. The formula relating two frames gives the amplitude of the curvature perturbation in the matter frame, once it is evaluated in the gravity frame.
Masato Minamitsuji
Faraday rotation spectroscopy of nitrogen dioxide based on a widely tunable external cavity quantum cascade laser
Faraday rotation spectroscopy of nitrogen dioxide based on a widely tunable external cavity quantum: Faraday Rotation Spectroscopy, external-cavity quantum cascade laser, nitrogen dioxide, trace
In Situ One-Step Synthesis of Hierarchical Nitrogen-Doped Porous...
Synthesis of Hierarchical Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon for High Performance Supercapacitors. In Situ One-Step Synthesis of Hierarchical Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon for High...
E-Print Network 3.0 - accessible critical nitrogen Sample Search...
Air & Waste Summary: for concentrations and isotopes to avoid storage artifacts. Bucket collection has been criticized because nitrogen... Matter and Nitrogen Isotopic...
E-Print Network 3.0 - atmospheric nitrogen loads Sample Search...
and in the water running down tree trunks. We investigated how nitrogen pollution affected which... how well the species could recover from high levels of nitrogen exposure....
E-Print Network 3.0 - affect additional nitrogen Sample Search...
nitrate solution to determine what happened to the nitrogen and how the deposition affected... on a range of key microbial activities. The nitrogen additions decreased the rate...
E-Print Network 3.0 - alpha-induced atmospheric nitrogen Sample...
E-Print Network 3.0 - aerobic nitrogen fixation Sample Search...
Collection: Mathematics 85 Nitrogen isotope dynamics of the Cariaco Basin, Venezuela Robert C. Thunell,1 Summary: . In recent budgets of oceanic fixed nitrogen, N2...
A Transformational View of Cartography W. R. Tobler
A Transformational View of Cartography W. R. Tobler ABSTRACT. Cartographic transformations aliases are between points, lines, and areas. Substantive transformations occur in map interpolation transformational grammars, as originally devised for linguistics.2, 4 A similar, though less ambitious, attempt
Clarke, Keith
Transformation induced plasticity assisted steels: stress or strain affected martensitic
Transformation induced plasticity assisted steels: stress or strain affected martensitic transformation? S. Chatterjee and H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia* Transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) assisted steels contain a small quantity of carbon enriched retained austenite, which transforms into martensite during
Cambridge, University of
NEMA Distribution Transformers, CCE Overview and Update presentation...
Distribution Transformers, CCE Overview and Update presentation, dated 05242011 NEMA Distribution Transformers, CCE Overview and Update presentation, dated 05242011 This...
The Mineralogic Transformation of Ferrihydrite Induced by Heterogeneou...
Transformation of Ferrihydrite Induced by Heterogeneous Reaction with Bioreduced Anthraquinone Disulfonate (AQDS The Mineralogic Transformation of Ferrihydrite Induced by...
Energy Technology Solutions: Public-Private Partnerships Transforming...
Solutions: Public-Private Partnerships Transforming Industry, November 2010 Energy Technology Solutions: Public-Private Partnerships Transforming Industry, November 2010...
Release of fuel-bound nitrogen during biomass gasification
Gasification of four biomass feedstocks (leucaena, sawdust, bagasse, and banagrass) with significantly different fuel-bound nitrogen (FBN) content was investigated to determine the effects of operational parameters and nitrogen content of biomass on the partitioning of FBN among nitrogenous gas species. Experiments were performed using a bench-scale, indirectly heated, fluidized-bed gasifier. Data were obtained over a range of temperatures and equivalence ratios representative of commercial biomass gasification processes. An assay of all major nitrogenous components in the gasification products was performed for the first time, providing a clear accounting of the evolution of FBN. Important findings of this research include the following: (1) NH{sub 3} and N{sub 2} are the dominant species evolved from fuel nitrogen during biomass gasification; >90% of FBN in feedstock is converted to NH{sub 3} and N{sub 2}; (2) relative levels of NH{sub 3} and N{sub 2} are determined by thermochemical reactions in the gasifier; these reactions are affected strongly by temperature; (3) N{sub 2} appears to be primarily produced through the conversion of NH{sub 3} in the gas phase; (4) the structural formula and content of fuel nitrogen in biomass feedstock significantly affect the formation and evolution of nitrogen species during biomass gasification.
Zhou, J.; Masutani, S.M.; Ishimura, D.M.; Turn, S.Q.; Kinoshita, C.M.
Nitrogen Trifluoride-Based Fluoride- Volatility Separations Process: Initial Studies
This document describes the results of our investigations on the potential use of nitrogen trifluoride as the fluorinating and oxidizing agent in fluoride volatility-based used nuclear fuel reprocessing. The conceptual process uses differences in reaction temperatures between nitrogen trifluoride and fuel constituents that produce volatile fluorides to achieve separations and recover valuable constituents. We provide results from our thermodynamic evaluations, thermo-analytical experiments, kinetic models, and provide a preliminary process flowsheet. The evaluations found that nitrogen trifluoride can effectively produce volatile fluorides at different temperatures dependent on the fuel constituent.
McNamara, Bruce K.; Scheele, Randall D.; Casella, Andrew M.; Kozelisky, Anne E.
Nitrogen-doped Graphene and Its Electrochemical Applications
Nitrogen-doped graphene (N-graphene) is obtained by exposing graphene to nitrogen plasma. N-graphene exhibits much higher electrocatalytic activity toward oxygen reduction and H2O2 reduction than graphene, and much higher durability and selectivity than the widely-used expensive Pt. The excellent electrochemical performance of N-graphene is attributed to nitrogen functional groups and the specific properties of graphene. This indicates that N-graphene is promising for applications in electrochemical energy devices (fuel cells, metal-air batteries) and biosensors.
Shao, Yuyan; Zhang, Sheng; Engelhard, Mark H.; Li, Guosheng; Shao, Guocheng; Wang, Yong; Liu, Jun; Aksay, Ilhan A.; Lin, Yuehe
Removal of sulfur and nitrogen containing pollutants from discharge gases
Oxides of sulfur and of nitrogen are removed from waste gases by reaction with an unsupported copper oxide powder to form copper sulfate. The resulting copper sulfate is dissolved in water to effect separation from insoluble mineral ash and dried to form solid copper sulfate pentahydrate. This solid sulfate is thermally decomposed to finely divided copper oxide powder with high specific surface area. The copper oxide powder is recycled into contact with the waste gases requiring cleanup. A reducing gas can be introduced to convert the oxide of nitrogen pollutants to nitrogen.
Joubert, James I. (Pittsburgh, PA)
Shape transformations of toroidal vesicles
Morphologies of genus-1 and 2 toroidal vesicles are studied numerically by dynamically triangulated membrane models and experimentally by confocal laser microscopy. Our simulation results reproduce shape transformations observed in our experiments well. At large reduced volumes of the genus-1 vesicles, obtained vesicle shapes agree with the previous theoretical prediction, in which axisymmetric shapes are assumed: double-necked stomatocyte, discoidal toroid, and circular toroid. However, for small reduced volumes, it is revealed that a non-axisymmetric discoidal toroid and handled discocyte exist in thermal equilibrium in the parameter range, in which the previous theory predicts axisymmetric discoidal shapes. Polygonal toroidal vesicles and subsequent budding transitions are also found. The entropy caused by shape fluctuations slightly modifies the stability of the vesicle shapes.
Hiroshi Noguchi; Ai Sakashita; Masayuki Imai
Quantum Energy Regression using Scattering Transforms
We present a novel approach to the regression of quantum mechanical energies based on a scattering transform of an intermediate electron density representation. A scattering transform is a deep convolution network computed with a cascade of multiscale wavelet transforms. It possesses appropriate invariant and stability properties for quantum energy regression. This new framework removes fundamental limitations of Coulomb matrix based energy regressions, and numerical experiments give state-of-the-art accuracy over planar molecules.
Hirn, Matthew; Mallat, Stephane
Nonlinear Transformation Group of CAR Fermion Algebra
Based on our previous work on the recursive fermion system in the Cuntz algebra, it is shown that a nonlinear transformation group of the CAR fermion algebra is induced from a $U(2^p)$ action on the Cuntz algebra ${\\cal O}_{2^p}$ with an arbitrary positive integer $p$. In general, these nonlinear transformations are expressed in terms of finite polynomials in generators. Some Bogoliubov transformations are involved as special cases.
Mitsuo Abe; Katsunori Kawamura
Displacements and Transformations in Caribbean Cultures
and Transformations in Caribbean Cultures. LIZABETHdefine a "global Caribbean" (p. 3) characterized bythe authors consider the Caribbean as a problematic more
Maurer, Bill
agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation: Topics by...
that allows to specify binary relations on graphs Drewes, Frank 51 Constructors transformers Computer Technologies and Information Sciences Websites Summary: Proc. AGTIVE'99,...
Transformers: The Levers and Gears of Electricity
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
This video is a great resource for teachers, demonstrating how transformers work. It includes experiments and demos that can be shared with students.
An index 2F2 hypergeometric transform
We construct a new one-parameter family of index hypergeometric transforms associated with the relativistic pseudoharmonic oscillator by using coherent states analysis.
Zouhair Mouayn
On the positivity of Fourier transforms
Characterizing in a constructive way the set of real functions whose Fourier transforms are positive appears to be yet an open problem. Some sufficient conditions are known but they are far from being exhaustive. We propose two constructive sets of necessary conditions for positivity of the Fourier transforms and test their ability of constraining the positivity domain. One uses analytic continuation and Jensen inequalities and the other deals with Toeplitz determinants and the Bochner theorem. Applications are discussed, including the extension to the two-dimensional Fourier-Bessel transform and the problem of positive reciprocity, i.e. positive functions with positive transforms.
Bertrand G. Giraud; Robi Peschanski
Nitrogen dioxide and respiratory illnesses in infants
Nitrogen dioxide is an oxidant gas that contaminates outdoor air and indoor air in homes with unvented gas appliances. A prospective cohort study was carried out to test the hypothesis that residential exposure to NO2 increases incidence and severity of respiratory illnesses during the first 18 months of life. A cohort of 1,205 healthy infants from homes without smokers was enrolled. The daily occurrence of respiratory symptoms and illnesses was reported by the mothers every 2 wk. Illnesses with wheezing or wet cough were classified as lower respiratory tract. Indoor NO2 concentrations were serially measured with passive samplers place in the subjects' bedrooms. In stratified analyses, illness incidence rates did not consistently increase with exposure to NO2 or stove type. In multivariate analyses that adjusted for potential confounding factors, odds ratios were not significantly elevated for current or lagged NO2 exposures, or stove type. Illness duration, a measure of illness severity, was not associated with NO2 exposure. The findings can be extended to homes with gas stoves in regions of the United States where the outdoor air is not heavily polluted by NO2.
Samet, J.M.; Lambert, W.E.; Skipper, B.J.; Cushing, A.H.; Hunt, W.C.; Young, S.A.; McLaren, L.C.; Schwab, M.; Spengler, J.D. (Univ. of New Mexico Medical Center, Albuquerque (United States))
The nitrogen cycle and ecohydrology of seasonally dry grasslands
This thesis addresses the coupling of hydrologic and biogeochemical processes and, specifically, the organization of ecosystem traits with the water, carbon, and nitrogen cycles. Observations from a factorial irrigation- ...
Parolari, Anthony Joseph
Nitrogen trifluoride global emissions estimated from updated atmospheric measurements
Nitrogen trifluoride (NF[subscript 3]) has potential to make a growing contribution to the Earth�s radiative budget; however, our understanding of its atmospheric burden and emission rates has been limited. Based on a ...
Ivy, Diane J.
Spin properties of very shallow nitrogen vacancy defects in diamond
We investigate spin and optical properties of individual nitrogen vacancy centers located within 1�10 nm from the diamond surface. We observe stable defects with a characteristic optically detected magnetic-resonance ...
Ofori-Okai, Benjamin Kwasi
Variable energy positron measurements at nitrogen ion bombarded steel surfaces
Nitrogen ion bombardment of steel samples has been studied by utilizing the Delft variable energy positron beam facility. The energy of the beam was varied between 250 eV and 25 keV and a line-shape parameter S describing the annihilation radiation has been measured. By use of the VEPFIT fitting program, up to five different layers, each having different densities, could be identified and characterized. The results show that carbon layers deposited during nitrogen implantation can be observed. A relation between the measured depth profiles of nitrogen, carbon and oxygen by Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis (ERDA) and the results of positron annihilation is given and discussed. The wear and friction properties of the steel surfaces before and after nitrogen implantation are presented.
Brauer, G.; Kolitsch, A. [Research Centre Rossendorf, Inc., Dresden (Germany); Schut, H.; Veen, A. van [TU Delft (Netherlands). Interfaculty Reactor Inst.
An experimental investigation of nitrogen gas produced during...
AD Peacock, M Oostrom, and TW Wietsma.2007."An experimental investigation of nitrogen gas produced during denitrification."Ground Water 45(4):461-467. Authors: JD Istok MM Park AD...
Nitrogen is a deep acceptor in ZnO
DOE Public Access Gateway for Energy & Science Beta (PAGES Beta)
Zinc oxide is a promising material for blue and UV solid-state lighting devices, among other applications. Nitrogen has been regarded as a potential p-type dopant for ZnO. However, recent calculations [Lyons, Janotti, and Van de Walle, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 252105 (2009)] indicate that nitrogen is a deep acceptor. This paper presents experimental evidence that nitrogen is, in fact, a deep acceptor and therefore cannot produce p-type ZnO. A broad photoluminescence (PL) emission band near 1.7 eV, with an excitation onset of ~2.2 eV, was observed, in agreement with the deep-acceptor model of the nitrogen defect. The deep-acceptor behavior can be explained by the low energy of the ZnO valence band relative to the vacuum level.
McCluskey, M.D. [Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States); Tarun, M.C. [Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States); Iqbal, M. Zafar [COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad (Pakistan)
Nitrogen expander cycles for large capacity liquefaction of natural gas
Thermodynamic study is performed on nitrogen expander cycles for large capacity liquefaction of natural gas. In order to substantially increase the capacity, a Brayton refrigeration cycle with nitrogen expander was recently added to the cold end of the reputable propane pre-cooled mixed-refrigerant (C3-MR) process. Similar modifications with a nitrogen expander cycle are extensively investigated on a variety of cycle configurations. The existing and modified cycles are simulated with commercial process software (Aspen HYSYS) based on selected specifications. The results are compared in terms of thermodynamic efficiency, liquefaction capacity, and estimated size of heat exchangers. The combination of C3-MR with partial regeneration and pre-cooling of nitrogen expander cycle is recommended to have a great potential for high efficiency and large capacity.
Chang, Ho-Myung; Park, Jae Hoon; Gwak, Kyung Hyun [Hong Ik University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul, 121-791 (Korea, Republic of); Choe, Kun Hyung [Korea Gas Corporation, Incheon, 406-130 (Korea, Republic of)
atomic nitrogen doping: Topics by E-print Network
Chris Greene 3:30 - 3:50 Nick Brewer, Wisconsin, Left-handed electromagnetic waves in rare-earth doped Kemner, Ken 154 4, 26412665, 2007 Nitrogen retention Physics Websites...
The relationship between iron and nitrogen fixation in Trichodesmium spp.
Trichodesmium spp. are considered the dominant nitrogen (N) fixing cyanobacteria in tropical and subtropical oceans, regimes frequently characterized by low iron (Fe). Limited information exists about what levels of Fe ...
Chappell, Phoebe Dreux
anthropogenous nitrogen deposition: Topics by E-print Network
F. J. Mazac Jr. 1,3 , R. L. Jahn 3 and J. R. Stapper 3 1 Department of Soil...- 9, 2004, San Antonio, TX. (In press). Gerwing, J. Soil test to save nitrogen costs. The Corn &...
anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen: Topics by E-print Network
The nitrogen specific uptake of three strains of Prochlorococcus
. Nitrogen uptake of Prochlorococcus under a range of light conditions was investigated. Strains of Prochlorococcus isolated from three locations were used: Mediterranean Sea (CCMP 1378), Sargasso Sea (CCMP 1375), and Pacific Ocean (H36-16). Cultures grown...
Williams, Eli
Mapping the location and configuration of nitrogen in diamond nanoparticles.
Understanding how impurities such as nitrogen are included in diamond nanoparticles is expected to be important for use in future nanodevices, such as qubits for quantum computing. Most commercial diamond nanoparticles contain approximately 2-3% nitrogen, but it is difficult to determine experimentally whether it is located within the core or at the surface of the nanoparticles. Presented here are density functional tight-binding simulations examining the configuration and potential energy surface of substitutional nitrogen in diamond nanoparticles, directly comparing results of different sizes, shapes and surface chemistry. The results predict that nitrogen is metastable within the core of both hydrogenated and dehydrogenated particles, but that the binding energy, coordination and preferred location is dependent upon the structure of the nanoparticle as a whole.
Barnard, A. S.; Sternberg, M.; Center for Nanoscale Materials; Univ. of Oxford
Membrane-augmented cryogenic methane/nitrogen separation
A membrane separation process combined with a cryogenic separation process for treating a gas stream containing methane, nitrogen and at least one other component. The membrane separation process works by preferentially permeating methane and the other component and rejecting nitrogen. The process is particularly useful in removing components such as water, carbon dioxide or C.sub.3+ hydrocarbons that might otherwise freeze and plug the cryogenic equipment.
Lokhandwala, Kaaeid (Menlo Park, CA)
A membrane separation process is described which is combined with a cryogenic separation process for treating a gas stream containing methane, nitrogen and at least one other component. The membrane separation process works by preferentially permeating methane and the other component and rejecting nitrogen. The process is particularly useful in removing components such as water, carbon dioxide or C{sub +2} hydrocarbons that might otherwise freeze and plug the cryogenic equipment. 10 figs.
Lokhandwala, K.
Determination of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen in high purity magnesium
DETERMINATION OF CARBON, NITROGEN, AND OXYGEN IN HIGH PURITY MAGNESIUM A Thesis by NEIL GERARD ROCHE Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas A8cM University in partial i'ulfillment of the requirement for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE... December 1981 Major Subject: Chemistry DETERMINATION OF CARBON, NITROGEN, AND OXYGEN IN HIGH PURITY MAGNESIUM A Thesis by NEIL GERARD ROCHE Approved as to style and content by: E. A. Schweikert (Chairman of Committee) G. J. Bastiaans (Member) L...
Roche, Neil Gerard
Reactions of nitrogen heterocycle-organolithium intermediates with lead halides
REACTIONS OF NITROGEN HETEROCYCLE- ORGANOLITHIUM INTERMEDIATES WITH LEAD HALIDES A Thesis by JERRY HEAL KINNEY Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas ALM University In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree ot MASTER... OF SCIENCE December 1970 Major Subject: Chemistry REACTIONS OF NITROGEN HETEROCYCLE- ORGANOLITHIUM INTERMEDIATES WITH LFAD HALIDES A Thesis JERRY NEAL KINNEY Approved as to style and content by: (Chairman of Commi ee) (Head of Department) (Member...
Kinney, Jerry Neal
Assessment of soil nitrogen oxides emissions and implementation in LOTOS-EUROS
the formation and transport of nitrogen dioxide, ozone, particulate matter and other species throughout EuropeAssessment of soil nitrogen oxides emissions and implementation in LOTOS-EUROS Date 18 March 2013, climate and nitrogen availability. Nitrogen availability is in turn determined by N-deposition from
Energy loss characteristics of heavy ions in nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, hydrocarbon gases and tradescantia tissue
Energy loss characteristics of heavy ions in nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, hydrocarbon gases and tradescantia tissue
Dennis, J A
Atmospheric Environment 38 (2004) 27792787 First detection of nitrogen from NOx in tree rings: a 15
abies; Air pollution; Dendroecology; Nitrogen deposition; Stable isotopes; Nitrogen dioxide 1Atmospheric Environment 38 (2004) 27792787 First detection of nitrogen from NOx in tree rings 2004; accepted 27 February 2004 Abstract Nitrogen isotope analysis (d15 N) of tree rings is potentially
Effect of Increasing Nitrogen Deposition on Soil Microbial Communities
Increasing nitrogen deposition, increasing atmospheric CO2, and decreasing biodiversity are three main environmental changes occurring on a global scale. The BioCON (Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen) ecological experiment site at the University of Minnesota's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve started in 1997, to better understand how these changes would affect soil systems. To understand how increasing nitrogen deposition affects the microbial community diversity, heterogeneity, and functional structure impact soil microbial communities, 12 samples were collected from the BioCON plots in which nitrogenous fertilizer was added to simulate the effect of increasing nitrogen deposition and 12 samples from without added fertilizer. DNA from the 24 samples was extracted using a freeze-grind protocol, amplified, labeled with a fluorescent dye, and then hybridized to GeoChip, a functional gene array containing probes for genes involved in N, S and C cycling, metal resistance and organic contaminant degradation. Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) of all genes detected was performed to analyze microbial community patterns. The first two axes accounted for 23.5percent of the total variation. The samples fell into two major groups: fertilized and non-fertilized, suggesting that nitrogenous fertilizer had a significant impact on soil microbial community structure and diversity. The functional gene numbers detected in fertilized samples was less that detected in non-fertilizer samples. Functional genes involving in the N cycling were mainly discussed.
Xiao, Shengmu; Xue, Kai; He, Zhili; VanNostrand, Joy D.; Liu, Jianshe; Hobbie, Sarah E.; Reich, Peter B.; Zhou, Jizhong
Linear Transformations In this Chapter, we will define the notion of a linear transformation between
Chapter 6 Linear Transformations In this Chapter, we will define the notion of a linear transformation between two vector spaces V and W which are defined over the same field and prove the most basic transformations is equivalent to matrix theory. We will also study the geometric properties of linear
Carrell, Jim
Enterprise transformation :lessons learned, pathways to success.
In this report, we characterize the key themes of transformation and tie them together in a ''how to'' guide. The perspectives were synthesized from strategic management literature, case studies, and from interviews with key management personnel from private industry on their transformation experiences.
Slavin, Adam M.; Woodard, Joan Brune
Transformation of structured documents Eila Kuikka
Transformation of structured documents Eila Kuikka Department of Computer Science, University Structure de nitions of documents have been used successfully for inputting and for- matting in text documents and studies possibilities to extend the use of structure de nitions to document transformations
Waterloo, University of
A landscape of bidirectional model transformations
A landscape of bidirectional model transformations Perdita Stevens Laboratory for Foundations the landscape of bidirectional model transformations as it appears to the author at the time of writing, autumn and maintenance more efficient by automating routine aspects of the process. For example, a com- mon scenario
Stevens, Perdita
Moving Ahead: From Transition to Transformation
political stability. This chapter briefly discusses the important elements of `management of transition' and components of `transformation' of the old state into a new nation. 9.2 Managing Transition It is crucially important to smoothly manage transition to achieve stability and democracy, and materialise transformation
Morris-Shore transformation with unequal detunings
The aim of this paper is to analyze the MS transformation in the case of weak deviation of the condition for equal detunings, which in necessary for factorization towards set of two-state systems and set of decouple states. Some elements concerning the general solution of the MS transformation will be also discussed.
G. S. Vasilev; N. V. Vitanov
Control of transformer losses in Canada
A new standard issued by the Canadian Standards Association, CSA C802, imposes maximum losses on transformers 10 MVA and below. Included are Distribution Transformers, small Power Transformers, and Dry Types. Implementation will start though the publishing in mid 1994 of the Gazette by Ontario`s Ministry of Energy. The Gazette will call for conformance to C802 after a lead time of one year to eighteen months, depending on the type of transformer. Other provincial energy ministries have been awaiting this development and are expected to follow suit shortly thereafter. The federal department, Natural Resources Canada, is also attuned to these actions and is expected to issue supportive legislation which will control movement of transformers across provincial and national borders.
Wiegand, D.A. [Canadian Standards Association, Toronto, Ontario (Canada)
Arbitrary Transform Telescopes: The Generalization of Interferometry
The basic principle of astronomical interferometry is to derive the angular distribution of radiation in the sky from the Fourier transform of the electric field on the ground. What is so special about the Fourier transform? Nothing, it turns out. I consider the possibility of performing other transforms on the electric field with digital technology. The Fractional Fourier Transform (FrFT) is useful for interpreting observations of sources that are close to the interferometer (in the atmosphere for radio interferometers). Essentially, applying the FrFT focuses the array somewhere nearer than infinity. Combined with the other Linear Canonical Transforms, any homogeneous linear optical system with thin elements can be instantiated. The time variation of the electric field can also be decomposed into other bases besides the Fourier modes, which is especially useful for dispersed transients or quick pulses. I discuss why the Fourier basis is so commonly used, and suggest it is partly because most astrophysical so...
Lacki, Brian C
Hypotheses: The nitrogen cycle is very complex, with many microbes transforming N from reduced to oxidized forms and back,
of Sustainability Net Nitrate Yield to Leachate by Treatment 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 Water Water + Nitrate Treatment in the water leaching through the system (Figure 3). For the first treatment of water only, water moving through the core mobilized 0.14 mg NO3 - In the second treatment of water + 1.4 mg NO3 -, there was a net
Transformations between symmetric sets of quantum states
We investigate probabilistic transformations of quantum states from a `source' set to a `target' set of states. Such transforms have many applications. They can be used for tasks which include state-dependent cloning or quantum state discrimination, and as interfaces between systems whose information encodings are not related by a unitary transform, such as continuous-variable systems and finite-dimensional systems. In a probabilistic transform, information may be lost or leaked, and we explain the concepts of leak and redundancy. Following this, we show how the analysis of probabilistic transforms significantly simplifies for symmetric source and target sets of states. In particular, we give a simple linear program which solves the task of finding optimal transforms, and a method of characterizing the introduced leak and redundancy in information-theoretic terms. Using the developed techniques, we analyse a class of transforms which convert coherent states with information encoded in their relative phase to symmetric qubit states. Each of these sets of states on their own appears in many well studied quantum information protocols. Finally, we suggest an asymptotic realization based on quantum scissors.
Vedran Dunjko; Erika Andersson
Transformations of $W$-Type Entangled States
The transformations of $W$-type entangled states by using local operations assisted with classical communication are investigated. For this purpose, a parametrization of the $W$-type states which remains invariant under local unitary transformations is proposed and a complete characterization of the local operations carried out by a single party is given. These are used for deriving the necessary and sufficient conditions for deterministic transformations. A convenient upper bound for the maximum probability of distillation of arbitrary target states is also found.
S. K?nta?; S. Turgut
A Family of Circular Bargmann Transforms
When considering a charged particle evolving in the Poincar\\'e disk under influence of a uniform magnetic field with a strength proportional to +1, we construct for all hyperbolic Landau level \\epsilon^\\gamma_$m$ m = 4m(-m), m 2 Z+ \\[0, /2] a family of coherent states transforms labeled by (,m) and mapping isometrically square integrable functions on the unit circle with respect to the measure sin^\\gamma-2m (\\theta/2) d\\theta onto spaces of bound states of the particle. These transforms are called circular Bargmann transforms.
Future Directions In Program Transformations 1 New York University
for real time applications, design automation, operations research, genetic engineering, optimizingFuture Directions In Program Transformations 1 R. Paige New York University As the emphasis transformations has naturally gained in importance. This paper briefly surveys what transformational programming
Paige, Robert
A Transformation System for Lazy Functional Logic Programs?
over to the transformation process and the transformed programs. We illus- trate the power A Transformation System for Lazy Functional Logic Programs? Mar. firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract. Needed narrowing is a complete operational principle
Vidal, Germán
A non-destructive transformer oil tester
A new non-destructive test of transformer oil dielectric strength is a promising technique to automate and make more reliable a diagnostic that presently involves intensive manual efforts. This thesis focuses some of the ...
Cargol, Timothy L. (Timothy Lawrence), 1976-
Deforestation: Transforming programs to eliminate trees
Deforestation: Transforming programs to eliminate to eliminate inter* *mediate lists_and intermediate trees_called the Deforestation Algorithm. A form of fun. Treeless form and the Deforestation Algorithm are presented in three steps. * *The first step presents
Wadler, Philip
Lean transformation of a supply chain organization
There are two basic schools of thought regarding how to approach a Lean transformation. Either start with introducing Lean tools or start with driving a Lean cultural change. Academic researchers like Steve Spear (Harvard/MIT), ...
Walsh, Daniel Andres
Study on transformation-based invisibility cloaks
The combination of the development of modern metamaterials, which are artificial materials whose constitutive parameters can be engineered to achieve special functions, and the coordinate transformation theory, has offered ...
Zhang, Baile
Sustainability transformations in Olympic host cities
The Olympic Games represent an unparalleled fast-track urban development opportunity for Olympic host cities. Taking the premise that the transformational effect of the Olympics has a potential to drive long-term urban ...
Mokrushina, Ksenia
Program Transformations in Weak Memory Models�
We analyse the validity of common optimisations on multi-threaded programs in two memory models�the DRF guarantee and the Java Memory Model. Unlike in the single-threaded world, even simple program transformations, such ...
Sevcik, Jaroslav
Abiotic and Biological Transformation of Tetraalkoxysilanes
. An aerobic microbial culture from the local wastewater treatment plant that could grow and mineralizeAbiotic and Biological Transformation of Tetraalkoxysilanes and Trichloroethene/ cis-1 compounds (tetra- alkoxysilanes) by abiotic hydrolysis and biological mineralization was investigated
Semprini, Lewis
Statistical investigations on nitrogen-vacancy center creation
Quantum information technologies require networks of interacting defect bits. Color centers, especially the nitrogen vacancy (NV{sup ?}) center in diamond, represent one promising avenue, toward the realisation of such devices. The most successful technique for creating NV{sup ?} in diamond is ion implantation followed by annealing. Previous experiments have shown that shallow nitrogen implantation (<10?keV) results in NV{sup ?} centers with a yield of 0.01%�0.1%. We investigate the influence of channeling effects during shallow implantation and statistical diffusion of vacancies using molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulation techniques. Energy barriers for the diffusion process were calculated using density functional theory. Our simulations show that 25% of the implanted nitrogens form a NV center, which is in good agreement with our experimental findings.
Antonov, D., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; H�u�ermann, T.; Aird, A.; Wrachtrup, J. [3. Physikalisches Institut, Universit�t Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart (Germany)] [3. Physikalisches Institut, Universit�t Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart (Germany); Roth, J.; Trebin, H.-R. [Institut f�r Theoretische und Angewandte Physik, Universit�t Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart (Germany)] [Institut f�r Theoretische und Angewandte Physik, Universit�t Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart (Germany); M�ller, C.; McGuinness, L.; Jelezko, F. [Institut f�r Quantenoptik, Universit�t Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm (Germany)] [Institut f�r Quantenoptik, Universit�t Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm (Germany); Yamamoto, T. [Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292 (Japan)] [Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292 (Japan); Isoya, J. [Graduate School of Library, Information and Media Studies, University of Tsukuba, 1-2 Kasuga, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8550 (Japan)] [Graduate School of Library, Information and Media Studies, University of Tsukuba, 1-2 Kasuga, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8550 (Japan); Pezzagna, S.; Meijer, J. [Institut f�r Experimentelle Physik II, Linn�strasse 5, 04103 Leipzig (Germany)] [Institut f�r Experimentelle Physik II, Linn�strasse 5, 04103 Leipzig (Germany)
Direct visualization of atomically precise nitrogen-doped graphene nanoribbons
We have fabricated atomically precise nitrogen-doped chevron-type graphene nanoribbons by using the on-surface synthesis technique combined with the nitrogen substitution of the precursors. Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy indicate that the well-defined nanoribbons tend to align with the neighbors side-by-side with a band gap of 1.02?eV, which is in good agreement with the density functional theory calculation result. The influence of the high precursor coverage on the quality of the nanoribbons is also studied. We find that graphene nanoribbons with sufficient aspect ratios can only be fabricated at sub-monolayer precursor coverage. This work provides a way to construct atomically precise nitrogen-doped graphene nanoribbons.
Zhang, Yi; Zhang, Yanfang; Li, Geng; Lu, Jianchen; Du, Shixuan, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Gao, Hong-Jun [Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (China); Lin, Xiao [University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 (China); Berger, Reinhard; Feng, Xinliang, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; M�llen, Klaus [Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz (Germany)
Superluminal transformations in complex Minkowski spaces
We calculate the mixing of real and imaginary components of space and time under the influence of superluminal boots in the x direction. A unique mixing is determined for this superluminal Lorentz transformation when we consider the symmetry properties afforded by the inclusion of three temporal directions. Superluminal transformations in complex six-dimensional space exhibit unique tachyonic connections which have both remote and local space--time event connections.
Ramon, C.; Rauscher, E.A.
C60 Secondary Ion Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass...
C60 Secondary Ion Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry. C60 Secondary Ion Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry. Abstract: Secondary...
High Throughput Operando Studies using Fourier Transform Infrared...
Throughput Operando Studies using Fourier Transform Infrared Imaging and Raman Spectroscopy. High Throughput Operando Studies using Fourier Transform Infrared Imaging and Raman...
arsenical-induced malignant transformation: Topics by E-print...
due to altered sialylation of cell surface Paris-Sud XI, Universit de 33 Monad Transformers as Monoid Transformers Mauro Jaskelioff Computer Technologies and Information...
Building America Whole-House Solutions for New Homes: Transformations...
Transformations, Inc. Net Zero Energy Communities (Fact Sheet) Building America Whole-House Solutions for New Homes: Transformations, Inc. Net Zero Energy Communities (Fact Sheet)...
Vortex Hydro Energy Develops Transformational Technology to Harness...
Vortex Hydro Energy Develops Transformational Technology to Harness Energy from Water Currents Vortex Hydro Energy Develops Transformational Technology to Harness Energy from Water...
Reversible integer-to-integer (ITI) wavelet transforms are studied in the context of image coding. Considered are matters such as transform frameworks, transform design techniques, the utility of transforms for image coding, and
, the utility of transforms for image coding, and numerous practical issues related to transforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii List of Figures
Adams, Michael D.
Energy Transformation in the U.S. Virgin Islands | Department...
About Us Initiatives & Projects Energy Transition Initiative Energy Transformation in the U.S. Virgin Islands Energy Transformation in the U.S. Virgin Islands Click on the...
The Fuel Cell Mobile Light Project - A DOE Market Transformation...
The Fuel Cell Mobile Light Project - A DOE Market Transformation Activity The Fuel Cell Mobile Light Project - A DOE Market Transformation Activity Presentation slides from the...
Project Profile: Transformational Approach to Reducing the Total...
Transformational Approach to Reducing the Total System Costs of Building-Integrated Photovoltaics Project Profile: Transformational Approach to Reducing the Total System Costs of...
Webinar: Creating a Green Infrastructure Plan to Transform Your...
Webinar: Creating a Green Infrastructure Plan to Transform Your Community Webinar: Creating a Green Infrastructure Plan to Transform Your Community November 18, 2014 3:00PM to...
EPA Webcast - Creating a Green Infrastructure Plan to Transform...
EPA Webcast - Creating a Green Infrastructure Plan to Transform Your Community EPA Webcast - Creating a Green Infrastructure Plan to Transform Your Community November 18, 2014...
Toward Sustainable Communities: Transition and Transformations in Environmental Policy
and Transformations in Environmental Policy By Daniel A.Transformations in Environmental Policy. Cambridge, MA: MITpaper). US$25.00 Environmental policy in the United States
Calloway, Michele
Technical Data Sheet: TDS 15 DIFRAM100: RAPID AIR MONITOR -NITROGEN DIOXIDE (NO2).
Technical Data Sheet: TDS 15 DIFRAM100: RAPID AIR MONITOR - NITROGEN DIOXIDE (NO2). Description: A plastic (H.D.P.E.) circular diffusive sampler containing a sorbent for measuring gaseous nitrogen dioxide
Short, Daniel
Effet of Combined Nitrogen Dioxide and Carbon Nanoparticle Exposure on Lung Function During
Effet of Combined Nitrogen Dioxide and Carbon Nanoparticle Exposure on Lung Function During: Layachi S, Rogerieux F, Robidel F, Lacroix G, Bayat S (2012) Effet of Combined Nitrogen Dioxide and Carbon
Boyer, Edmond
Terra Nitrogen Company, L.P.: Ammonia Plant Greatly Reduces Natural...
Terra Nitrogen Company saved 497,000 MMBtu and 3.5 million yearly after upgrading the steam system in its ammonia plant in Verdigris, Oklahoma. Terra Nitrogen Company, L.P.:...
Nitrogen trifluoride global emissions estimated from updated atmospheric measurements Tim Arnolda,1's radiative budget; however, our understand- ing of its atmospheric burden and emission rates has been limited together with an atmo- spheric model and inverse method, we estimate that the global emissions of NF3
Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.
NOx reduction by electron beam-produced nitrogen atom injection
Deactivated atomic nitrogen generated by an electron beam from a gas stream containing more than 99% N.sub.2 is injected at low temperatures into an engine exhaust to reduce NOx emissions. High NOx reduction efficiency is achieved with compact electron beam devices without use of a catalyst.
Penetrante, Bernardino M. (San Ramon, CA)
Carbon and nitrogen allocation in trees R.E. Dickson
Carbon and nitrogen allocation in trees R.E. Dickson USDA-Forest Service, NCFES, Rhinelander, WI, U.S.A. Introduction Growth of trees and all plants depends up- on maintaining a positive carbon balance despite to multiple environ- mental stresses (Chapin et aL, 1987; Osmond et al., 1987). Light, carbon, water
Surface morphology of atomic nitrogen on Pt(111)
The surface morphology of chemisorbed N on the Pt(111) surface has been studied at the atomic level with low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). When N is coadsorbed with O on the surface, they form a mixed (2 � 2)-N+O structure. When the surface is covered with N atoms only, isolated atoms and incomplete (2 � 2) patches are observed at low coverages. In a dense N layer, two phases, (?3 � ?3)R30�-N and p(2 � 2)-N, are found to coexist at temperatures between 360 and 400 K. The (?3 � ?3)R30� phase converts to the (2 � 2) phase as temperature increases. For both phases, nitrogen occupies fcc-hollow sites. At temperatures above 420 K, nitrogen starts to desorb. The p(2 � 2)-N phase shows a honeycomb structure in STM images with three nitrogen and three platinum atoms forming a six-membered ring, which can be attributed to the strong nitrogen binding to the underlying Pt surface.
Liang, Zhu; Trenary, Michael, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607 (United States)] [Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607 (United States); Jin Yang, Hyun [Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198 (Japan) [Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198 (Japan); Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561 (Japan); Kim, Yousoo, E-mail: email@example.com [Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198 (Japan)] [Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198 (Japan)
Original article Effect of abomasal infusion of aspartate on nitrogen
Original article Effect of abomasal infusion of aspartate on nitrogen balance and plasma amino) Abstract - We investigated the effect of abomasally infused aspartate (Asp) on N balance and plasma amino infusions of water or water containing 40 or 80 g Asp/d. Steers were fed twice daily a diet containing 473 g
CO2 enrichment increases carbon and nitrogen input from
CO2 enrichment increases carbon and nitrogen input from fine roots in a deciduous forest Colleen2 Ecological Society of America, 2008 #12;#12;#12;#12;#12;+ [CO2] #12;+ Net primary production + [CO2] #12;+ Net primary production + [CO2] + C and N storage in biomass #12;+ Net primary production
viscosity Liquid enthalpy density heat capacity - conductivity dynamic viscosity Surface tension Conven Temperature Pressure Latent heat of evaporation Gas enthalpy density - heat capacity conductivity - dynamic of nitrogen liquid and gas (1 to 6 bar) are presented. The approximations are polynomials worked out
Recirculating Liquid Nitrogen System for Operation of Cryogenic Pumps
is provided by a LN2-cooled radiation shroud, which reduces the radiative heat load on the cryosail. Since Engineering, email@example.com #12;2 nitrogen shroud, the heat transfer calculated by Eqn. (1 operating temperature. This is seen notionally by equation 1: Eqn. (1) where Q is the rate of heat transfer
Walker, Mitchell
Screening Prosopis (mesquite) germplasm for biomass production and nitrogen fixation
The nitrogen-fixing trees of the genus Prosopis (mesquite or algaroba) are well adapted to the semi-arid and often saline regions of the world. These trees may produce firewood or pods for livestock food, they may stabilize sand dunes and they may enrich the soil by production of leaf litter supported by nitrogen fixation. A collection of nearly 500 Prosopis accessions representing North and South American and African germplasm has been established. Seventy of these accessions representing 14 taxa are being grown under field conditions where a 30-fold range in biomass productivity among accessions has been estimated. In a greehouse experiment, 13 Prosopis taxa grew on nitrogen-free medium nodulated, and had a 10-fold difference in nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction). When Prosopis is propagated by seed the resulting trees are extremely variable in growth rate and presence or absence of thorns. Propagation of 6 Prosopis taxa by stem cuttings has been achieved with low success (1 to 10%) in field-grown plants and with higher success (50 to 100%) with young actively growing greenhouse plants.
Felker, P.; Cannell, G.H.; Clark, P.R.; Osborn, J.F.
Nitrogen Contamination in Elastic Neutron Scattering Songxue Chi,ab
Nitrogen Contamination in Elastic Neutron Scattering Songxue Chi,ab Jeffrey W. Lynn,a* Ying Chen a neutron scattering measurement is a contribution to the background, especially in inelastic measurements of having N2 in the sample environment system during elastic neutron scattering measurements on a single
Lynn, Jeffrey W.
reactor to provide a high temperature, oxygen-free post-flame environment to study secondary reactions analysis, gas species distributions were determined using FTIR, and the chemical structure of the tar secondary pyrolysis, an enrichment of nitrogen in tar was first observed, followed by a subsequent fast
Fletcher, Thomas H.
Nitrogen and Sulfur in Rocky Mountain National Park
a variety of air pollution sources, including automobiles, power plants, industry, agriculture, and fires in nitrogen deposition in mountain ecosys- tems. Power plants and other point sources 26% Motor vehicles 25 threats to aquatic and terrestrial resources in the park. Lakes and streams have low concentrations
Fischer, Emily V.
Removal of nitrogen and sulfur from oil-shale
This patent describes a process for enhancing the removal of nitrogen and sulfur from oil-shale. The process consists of: (a) contacting the oil-shale with a sufficient amount of an aqueous base solution comprised of at least a stoichiometric amount of one or more alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal hydroxides based on the total amount of nitrogen and sulfur present in the oil-shale. Also necessary is an amount sufficient to form a two-phase liquid, solid system, a temperature from about 50/sup 0/C to about 350/sup 0/C., and pressures sufficient to maintain the solution in liquid form; (b) separating the effluents from the treated oil-shale, wherein the resulting liquid effluent contains nitrogen moieties and sulfur moieties from the oil-shale and any resulting gaseous effluent contains nitrogen moieties from the oil-shale, and (c) converting organic material of the treated oil-shale to shale-oil at a temperature from about 450/sup 0/C to about 550/sup 0/C.
Olmstead, W.N.
Instructions for use Removal of Oxygen and Nitrogen from Niobium
Instructions for use #12;------ Removal of Oxygen and Nitrogen from Niobium by External Gettering of Energy Science and Technology, Kyoto University Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-01 Japan Keywords External Gettering, Purification of Niobium, Thermodynamics of Impurities, Oxygen Diffusion, Purity
Tachizawa, Kazuya
REGULAR ARTICLE Soil carbon and nitrogen mineralization following
initial frass and greenfall quality, and recorded microbial respiration, and nitrate leaching over 40 days, and condensed tannin content of insect frass and green leaves. Although FACE treatments affected input quality, they had minimal effect on microbial respiration and no effect on nitrogen leaching. In contrast, input
Nitrogen Dioxide Absorption and Sulfite Oxidation in Aqueous Sulfite
Nitrogen Dioxide Absorption and Sulfite Oxidation in Aqueous Sulfite C H E N H . S H E N A N D G by absorption in sulfite solution in existing scrubbers for desulfurization. Rates of NO2 absorption and sulfite absorption initiates sulfite oxidation in the presence of oxygen, and this study quantified the effect
Rochelle, Gary T.
E-Print Network 3.0 - aox total nitrogen Sample Search Results
appropriate environmental controls been applied? Summary: to the environment of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, total particulate matter, mercury, absorbable organic...
The Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Bioenergy Sorghum Yield and Quality
................................................................................................... 77 Economics of fertilizing biomass feedstocks ................................................. 77 Biomass feedstock yield response to applied nitrogen: An example ........... 79 CONCLUSIONS...
Zilahi-Sebess, Szilvia
Visible light photocatalytic activity in nitrogen-doped TiO{sub 2} nanobelts
We present a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study of the electronic properties and photocatalytic activity of nitrogen-doped anatase TiO{sub 2} nanobelts. UV-visible spectra show enhanced absorption in the visible light range for nitrogen-doped nanobelts compared to the pristine sample. The nitrogen-doped nanobelts exhibit improved photocatalytic activity compared to the pristine sample upon visible light irradiation. Furthermore, the incorporation of nitrogen introduces localized states in the band gap.
De Nyago Tafen; Lewis, James P. [Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506 (United States); Wang Jin; Wu Nianqiang [Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506 (United States)
Correlation of grain sorghum yield to nitrogen as measured by various soil test methods
Nitrogen vs. Percent Relative Yield. . . 23 B. Humic Acid vs. Percent Relative Yield 26 C. Organic Matter vs. Percent Relative Yield D. Organic Matter vs. Nitrifiable Nitrogen E. Organic Matter vs. Hurnic Acid . 30 V. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION VI... Regression of Percent Relative Yield Nitrogen (High Plains Soil) . on Nitrifiable 34 Regression of Percent Relative Yield on Nitrifiable Nitrogen (Blackland Prairie Soils) Regression of Percent Relative Yield on Humic Acid (All Soils) Regression...
Idris, Md
Transform-Space View: Performing Spatial Join in the Transform Space
Transform-Space View: Performing Spatial Join in the Transform Space Using Original-Space Indexes that satisfy a given spatial relationship. In spatial joins using indexes, original-space indexes such as the R-tree are widely used. An original-space index is the one that indexes objects as represented in the original space
Whang, Kyu-Young
Seismic imaging with the generalized Radon transform: A curvelet transform perspective
Seismic imaging with the generalized Radon transform: A curvelet transform perspective M V de firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract. A key challenge in the seismic imaging of reflectors using surface reflection data. Introduction 1.1. Seismic Imaging with Arrays Beyond Current Capabilities Much research in modern
Smith, Hart F.
JV Task-121 Electrochemical Synthesis of Nitrogen Fertilizers
An electrolytic renewable nitrogen fertilizer process that utilizes wind-generated electricity, N{sub 2} extracted from air, and syngas produced via the gasification of biomass to produce nitrogen fertilizer ammonia was developed at the University of North Dakota Energy & Environmental Research Center. This novel process provides an important way to directly utilize biosyngas generated mainly via the biomass gasification in place of the high-purity hydrogen which is required for Haber Bosch-based production of the fertilizer for the production of the widely used nitrogen fertilizers. Our preliminary economic projection shows that the economic competitiveness of the electrochemical nitrogen fertilizer process strongly depends upon the cost of hydrogen gas and the cost of electricity. It is therefore expected the cost of nitrogen fertilizer production could be considerably decreased owing to the direct use of cost-effective 'hydrogen-equivalent' biosyngas compared to the high-purity hydrogen. The technical feasibility of the electrolytic process has been proven via studying ammonia production using humidified carbon monoxide as the hydrogen-equivalent vs. the high-purity hydrogen. Process optimization efforts have been focused on the development of catalysts for ammonia formation, electrolytic membrane systems, and membrane-electrode assemblies. The status of the electrochemical ammonia process is characterized by a current efficiency of 43% using humidified carbon monoxide as a feedstock to the anode chamber and a current efficiency of 56% using high-purity hydrogen as the anode gas feedstock. Further optimization of the electrolytic process for higher current efficiency and decreased energy consumption is ongoing at the EERC.
Junhua Jiang; Ted Aulich
Refactoring Composite to Visitor and Inverse Transformation in Java
Refactoring Composite to Visitor and Inverse Transformation in Java Akram Ajouli1 & Julien Cohen2 1, EMN) We describe how to use refactoring tools to transform a Java program conforming to the Composite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 CompositeVisitor Transformation Scheme 7 3.1 CompositeVisitor Transformation
Refactoring Composite to Visitor and Inverse Transformation in Java Akram Ajouli1 & Julien Cohen2 1, EMN) We describe how to use refactoring tools to transform a Java program conforming to the Composite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 CompositeVisitor Transformation Scheme 7 3.1 CompositeVisitor Transformation
Transformative Learning Purple Paper Truman State University Summer 2011
Transformative Learning Purple Paper Truman State University Summer 2011 The 2008. The Transformative Learning Taskforce has prepared this "Purple Paper" a summary of our current understanding to transformative learning. Transformative Learning: The combination of these components and supportive
Gering, Jon C.
Particle Swarm Optimization of High-frequency Transformer
Particle Swarm Optimization of High-frequency Transformer Hengsi Qin, Jonathan W. Kimball, Ganesh K of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409-0040 USA Abstract--A high frequency transformer is a critical transformer. Operation of a DAB converter requires its transformer to have a specific amount of winding
Kimball, Jonathan W.
Transformation of Meta-Information by Abstract Co-Interpretation
Transformation of Meta-Information by Abstract Co-Interpretation Raimund Kirner and Peter Puschner based on abstract interpretation to transform meta-information in parallel with the transformation. The construction of a correct transformation function for the meta-information can be quite complicated in case
Transformations between Composite and Visitor implementations in Java
Transformations between Composite and Visitor implementations in Java Akram Ajouli ASCOLA (EMN be chained to perform complex structure transformations. This is useful for recovering the initial a refactoring-based round- trip transformation between these two structures and we study how that transformation
On Transforming Spectral Peaks in Voice Conversion Elizabeth Godoy 1
On Transforming Spectral Peaks in Voice Conversion Elizabeth Godoy 1 , Olivier Rosec1 , email@example.com Abstract This paper explores the benefits of transforming spectral peaks in voice conversion. First, in examining classic GMM- based transformation with cepstral coefficients, we show that the lack of transformed
The $?$-deformed Segal-Bargmann transform is a Hall type transform
We present an explanation of how the $\\mu$-deformed Segal-Bargmann spaces, that are studied in various articles of the author in collaboration with Angulo, Echevarria and Pita, can be viewed as deserving their name, that is, how they should be considered as a part of Segal-Bargmann analysis. This explanation relates the $\\mu$-deformed Segal-Bargmann transforms to the generalized Segal-Bargmann transforms introduced by B. Hall using heat kernel analysis. All the versions of the $\\mu$-deformed Segal-Bargmann transform can be understood as Hall type transforms. In particular, we define a $\\mu$-deformation of Hall's "Version C" generalized Segal-Bargmann transform which is then shown to be a $\\mu$-deformed convolution with a $\\mu$-deformed heat kernel followed by analytic continuation. Our results are generalizations and analogues of the results of Hall.
Stephen Bruce Sontz
Automatic transformations in the inference process
A technique for incorporating automatic transformations into processes such as the application of inference rules, subsumption, and demodulation provides a mechanism for improving search strategies for theorem proving problems arising from the field of program verification. The incorporation of automatic transformations into the inference process can alter the search space for a given problem, and is particularly useful for problems having broad rather than deep proofs. The technique can also be used to permit the generation of inferences that might otherwise be blocked and to build some commutativity or associativity into the unification process. Appropriate choice of transformations, and new literal clashing and unification algorithms for applying them, showed significant improvement on several real problems according to several distinct criteria. 22 references, 1 figure.
Veroff, R. L.
HERCULES: A Pattern Driven Code Transformation System
New parallel computers are emerging, but developing efficient scientific code for them remains difficult. A scientist must manage not only the science-domain complexity but also the performance-optimization complexity. HERCULES is a code transformation system designed to help the scientist to separate the two concerns, which improves code maintenance, and facilitates performance optimization. The system combines three technologies, code patterns, transformation scripts and compiler plugins, to provide the scientist with an environment to quickly implement code transformations that suit his needs. Unlike existing code optimization tools, HERCULES is unique in its focus on user-level accessibility. In this paper we discuss the design, implementation and an initial evaluation of HERCULES.
Kartsaklis, Christos [ORNL; Hernandez, Oscar R [ORNL; Hsu, Chung-Hsing [ORNL; Ilsche, Thomas [Technische Universitat Dresden; Joubert, Wayne [ORNL; Graham, Richard L [ORNL
Phase Transformation in Cast Superaustenitic Stainless Steels
Superaustenitic stainless steels constitute a group of Fe-based alloys that are compositionally balanced to have a purely austenitic matrix and exhibit favorable pitting and crevice corrosion resistant properties and mechanical strength. However, intermetallic precipitates such as sigma and Laves can form during casting or exposure to high-temperature processing, which degrade the corrosion and mechanical properties of the material. The goal of this study was to accurately characterize the solid-solid phase transformations seen in cast superaustenitic stainless steels. Heat treatments were performed to understand the time and temperature ranges for intermetallic phase formations in alloys CN3MN and CK3MCuN. Microstructures were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy and wavelength dispersive spectroscopy (EDS, WDS). The equilibrium microstructures, composed primarily of sigma and Laves within purely austenitic matrices, showed slow transformation kinetics. Factors that determine the extent of transformation, including diffusion, nucleation, and growth, are discussed.
Nathaniel Steven Lee Phillips
Maps for Lorentz transformations of spin
Lorentz transformations of spin density matrices for a particle with positive mass and spin 1/2 are described by maps of the kind used in open quantum dynamics. They show how the Lorentz transformations of the spin depend on the momentum. Since the spin and momentum generally are entangled, the maps generally are not completely positive and act in limited domains. States with two momentum values are considered, so the maps are for the spin qubit entangled with the qubit made from the two momentum values, and results from the open quantum dynamics of two coupled qubits can be applied. Inverse maps are used to show that every Lorentz transformation completely removes the spin polarization, and so completely removes the information, from a number of spin density matrices. The size of the spin polarization that is removed is calculated for particular cases.
Thomas F. Jordan; Anil Shaji; E. C. G. Sudarshan
Interference of a short-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide with allergic airways responses to allergenic
Interference of a short-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide with allergic airways responses, 4 (2002) 251-260" DOI : 10.1080/096293502900000113 #12;Abstract Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a common and may depend to concentration of pollutant. Keywords: Mouse model of asthma; nitrogen dioxide; air
Clathrate hydrate equilibrium data for the gas mixture of carbon dioxide and nitrogen in the
1 Clathrate hydrate equilibrium data for the gas mixture of carbon dioxide and nitrogen the mole fraction of CO2 in the carbon dioxide + nitrogen + cyclopentane mixed hydrate phase, both defined;2 {water +carbon dioxide + nitrogen}, the equilibrium pressure of the mixed hydrate is reduced by 0.95 up
Surface studies of nitrogen implanted TiO2 Matthias Batzill a,*, Erie H. Morales b
.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Titanium dioxide; Doping; Nitrogen; Surface science 1. IntroductionSurface studies of nitrogen implanted TiO2 Matthias Batzill a,*, Erie H. Morales b , Ulrike Diebold Available online 3 August 2007 Abstract Rutile TiO2(110) single crystals have been doped by nitrogen
Diebold, Ulrike
Validation of Ozone Monitoring Instrument nitrogen dioxide columns E. A. Celarier,1
Validation of Ozone Monitoring Instrument nitrogen dioxide columns E. A. Celarier,1 E. J. Brinksma the standard nitrogen dioxide (NO2) data product (Version 1.0.), which is based on measurements made), Validation of Ozone Monitoring Instrument nitrogen dioxide columns, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15S15, doi:10
Nitrogen Addition Increases Carbon Storage in Soils, But Not in Trees, in
nitrogen (N) species and car- bon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere globally. Received 18 August 2012Nitrogen Addition Increases Carbon Storage in Soils, But Not in Trees, in an Eastern U.S. Deciduous regions receive elevated rates of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition from air pollution. To evalu- ate
Templer, Pamela
Ground-level nitrogen dioxide concentrations inferred from the satellite-borne Ozone Monitoring Instrument
Ground-level nitrogen dioxide concentrations inferred from the satellite-borne Ozone Monitoring; published 28 August 2008. [1] We present an approach to infer ground-level nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Ground-level nitrogen dioxide concentrations inferred from the satellite-borne Ozone Monitoring
Martin, Randall
Summary Satellite observations of ozone and nitrogen dioxide: from retrievals to emission estimates be inferred for important trace gases such as ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Chemical transport models.11 to 3.79. Total nitrogen dioxide columns can be retrieved from space in the 405465 nm window
A global single-sensor analysis of 20022011 tropospheric nitrogen dioxide trends observed from space
A global single-sensor analysis of 20022011 tropospheric nitrogen dioxide trends observed from nitrogen dioxide trends observed from space, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D16309, doi:10.1029/2012JD017571. 1. Introduction [2] Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is one of most prominent air pollutants and is emitted primarily
INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE AERONAUTICAL SCIENCES Hypersonic flows of argon, nitrogen, oxygen,
, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide near a toroidal ballute have been investigated numerically using of nitrogen, dissociating oxygen, argon, and carbon dioxide at 8R H 2R and the Knudsen number Kn D from 02G code [12]. Collisions in nitrogen, argon, oxygen, and carbon dioxide are modeled using
Riabov, Vladimir V.
Indirect validation of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide retrieved from the OMI satellite instrument: Insight into the seasonal
Click Here for Full Article Indirect validation of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide retrieved from nitrogen dioxide retrieved from the OMI satellite instrument: Insight into the seasonal variation of the hydroxyl radical (OH). Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an indicator of surface air quality that is associated
Dirksen, Ruud
KINETICS, CATALYSIS, AND REACTION ENGINEERING Nonthermal Plasma Reactions of Dilute Nitrogen Oxide Mixtures
for the conversion of nitrogen oxides,1,2,4-10 sulfur dioxide,11 and volatile organic car- bons.12 Despite itsKINETICS, CATALYSIS, AND REACTION ENGINEERING Nonthermal Plasma Reactions of Dilute Nitrogen Oxide Mixtures: NOx in Nitrogen Gui-Bing Zhao, Xudong Hu, Man-Chung Yeung, Ovid A. Plumb,§ and Maciej Radosz
Yeung, Man-Chung
Nitric Oxide Production from Surface Recombination of Oxygen and Nitrogen Atoms
of hypersonic reentry vehicles. In the Earth's atmosphere, oxygen and nitrogen atoms are generated in the shock1 Nitric Oxide Production from Surface Recombination of Oxygen and Nitrogen Atoms Dusan A. Pejakovi from the recombination of oxygen and nitrogen atoms on quartz. The experiments employ two-photon laser
Mart�n, Pino
Profiling nitrogen in ultrathin silicon oxynitrides with angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
medium energy ion scattering and secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis. Preferential nitrogen by low energy ion (15 N2) implantation. The nitrogen profile and nitrogen chemical bonding states only minor in- crease in the dielectric constant compared to SiO2 but is still favored over other high
Gustafsson, Torgny
Methods of detection and identificationoc carbon- and nitrogen-containing materials
Methods for detecting and identifying carbon- and/or nitrogen-containing materials are disclosed. The methods may comprise detection of photo-nuclear reaction products of nitrogen and carbon to detect and identify the carbon- and/or nitrogen-containing materials.
Karev, Alexander Ivanovich; Raevsky, Valery Georgievich; Dzhalivyan, Leonid Zavenovich; Brothers, Louis Joseph; Wilhide, Larry K
agronomie: agriculture and environment Nitrogen uptake capacities of maize and sorghum crops
agronomie: agriculture and environment Nitrogen uptake capacities of maize and sorghum crops became limiting. Drought reduced nitrogen availability in the soil for both crops. Maize was more sensitive to this restriction in nitrogen nutrition, and in addition to the direct effect of a water deficit
Nitrogen cycling, plant biomass, and carbon dioxide evolution in a subsurface flow wetland
to ascertain the fate of nitrogen in a constructed wetland and the rate of bioremediation as indicated by carbon dioxide evolution. Research included a study of nitrogen uptake by plants and nitrification. A tracer isotope of nitrogen,�?N, was used to follow...
Lane, Jeffrey J
A robust scanning diamond sensor for nanoscale imaging with single nitrogen-vacancy centres
A robust scanning diamond sensor for nanoscale imaging with single nitrogen-vacancy centres P and A. Yacoby1 * The nitrogen-vacancy defect centre in diamond14 has potential applications processing9 and bioimaging10 . These applications rely on the ability to pos- ition a single nitrogen-vacancy
Walsworth, Ronald L.
Nitrogen mineralization potentials of revegetated mixed lignite overburden in the Texas Gulf Coast
and Chemical Characteristics Analysis of Data. CHAPTER IV: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Physical Properties of Spoil and Native Soil. Nitrogen Mineralization Potentials and Rate Constants Nitrogen Pool Nitrification and Denitrification Most Probable Numbers.... Chemical Properties of Native Soil and Spoil Before and After Amendment. Chemical and Physical Properties of Sewage Sludge . Laboratory Incubation Study . Determination of Nitrogen Mineralized . Determining Populations of Nitrifying Bacteria, Physcial...
Hornby, William Joseph
Applications of a fast, continuous wavelet transform
A fast, continuous, wavelet transform, based on Shannon`s sampling theorem in frequency space, has been developed for use with continuous mother wavelets and sampled data sets. The method differs from the usual discrete-wavelet approach and the continuous-wavelet transform in that, here, the wavelet is sampled in the frequency domain. Since Shannon`s sampling theorem lets us view the Fourier transform of the data set as a continuous function in frequency space, the continuous nature of the functions is kept up to the point of sampling the scale-translation lattice, so the scale-translation grid used to represent the wavelet transform is independent of the time- domain sampling of the signal under analysis. Computational cost and nonorthogonality aside, the inherent flexibility and shift invariance of the frequency-space wavelets has advantages. The method has been applied to forensic audio reconstruction speaker recognition/identification, and the detection of micromotions of heavy vehicles associated with ballistocardiac impulses originating from occupants` heart beats. Audio reconstruction is aided by selection of desired regions in the 2-D representation of the magnitude of the transformed signal. The inverse transform is applied to ridges and selected regions to reconstruct areas of interest, unencumbered by noise interference lying outside these regions. To separate micromotions imparted to a mass-spring system (e.g., a vehicle) by an occupants beating heart from gross mechanical motions due to wind and traffic vibrations, a continuous frequency-space wavelet, modeled on the frequency content of a canonical ballistocardiogram, was used to analyze time series taken from geophone measurements of vehicle micromotions. By using a family of mother wavelets, such as a set of Gaussian derivatives of various orders, features such as the glottal closing rate and word and phrase segmentation may be extracted from voice data.
Dress, W.B.
Noether's Theorem Under the Legendre Transform
In this paper we demonstrate how the Legendre transform connects the statements of Noether's theorem in Hamiltonian and Lagrangian mechanics. We give precise definitions of symmetries and conserved quantities in both the Hamiltonian and Lagrangian frameworks and discuss why these notions in the Hamiltonian framework are somewhat less rigid. We explore conditions which, when put on these definitions, allow the Legendre transform to set up a one-to-one correspondence between them. We also discuss how to preserve this correspondence when the definitions of symmetries and conserved quantities are less restrictive.
Jonathan Herman
Method of removing nitrogen monoxide from a nitrogen monoxide-containing gas using a water-soluble iron ion-dithiocarbamate, xanthate or thioxanthate
The present invention relates to a method of removing of nitrogen monoxide from a nitrogen monoxide-containing gas which method comprises contacting a nitrogen oxide-containing gas with an aqueous solution of water soluble organic compound-iron ion chelate complex. The NO absorption efficiency of ferrous urea-dithiocarbamate and ferrous diethanolamine-xanthate as a function of time, oxygen content and solution ph is presented. 3 figs., 1 tab.
Liu, D. Kwok-Keung; Chang, Shih-Ger
Direct Functionalization of Nitrogen Heterocycles via Rh-Catalyzed C-H Bond Activation
Nitrogen heterocycles are present in many compounds of enormous practical importance, ranging from pharmaceutical agents and biological probes to electroactive materials. Direct funtionalization of nitrogen heterocycles through C-H bond activation constitutes a powerful means of regioselectively introducing a variety of substituents with diverse functional groups onto the heterocycle scaffold. Working together, our two groups have developed a family of Rh-catalyzed heterocycle alkylation and arylation reactions that are notable for their high level of functional-group compatibility. This Account describes their work in this area, emphasizing the relevant mechanistic insights that enabled synthetic advances and distinguished the resulting transformations from other methods. They initially discovered an intramolecular Rh-catalyzed C-2-alkylation of azoles by alkenyl groups. That reaction provided access to a number of di-, tri-, and tetracyclic azole derivatives. They then developed conditions that exploited microwave heating to expedite these reactions. While investigating the mechanism of this transformation, they discovered that a novel substrate-derived Rh-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complex was involved as an intermediate. They then synthesized analogous Rh-NHC complexes directly by treating precursors to the intermediate [RhCl(PCy{sub 3}){sub 2}] with N-methylbenzimidazole, 3-methyl-3,4-dihydroquinazolein, and 1-methyl-1,4-benzodiazepine-2-one. Extensive kinetic analysis and DFT calculations supported a mechanism for carbene formation in which the catalytically active RhCl(PCy{sub 3}){sub 2} fragment coordinates to the heterocycle before intramolecular activation of the C-H bond occurs. The resulting Rh-H intermediate ultimately tautomerizes to the observed carbene complex. With this mechanistic information and the discovery that acid co-catalysts accelerate the alkylation, they developed conditions that efficiently and intermolecularly alkylate a variety of heterocycles, including azoles, azolines, dihydroquinazolines, pyridines, and quinolines, with a wide range of functionalized olefins. They demonstrated the utility of this methodology in the synthesis of natural products, drug candidates, and other biologically active molecules. In addition, they developed conditions to directly arylate these heterocycles with aryl halides. The initial conditions that used PCy{sub 3} as a ligand were successful only for aryl iodides. However, efforts designed to avoid catalyst decomposition led to the development of ligands based on 9-phosphabicyclo[4.2.1]nonane (Phoban) that also facilitated the coupling of aryl bromides. They then replicated the unique coordination environment, stability, and catalytic activity of this complex using the much simpler tetrahydrophosphepine ligands and developed conditions that coupled aryl bromides bearing diverse functional groups without the use of a glovebox or purified reagents. With further mechanistic inquiry, they anticipate that researchers will better understand the details of the aforementioned Rh-catalyzed C-H bond functionalization reactions, resulting in the design of more efficient and robust catalysts, expanded substrate scope, and new transformations.
Lewis, Jared; Bergman, Robert; Ellman, Jonathan
Biofilter for removal of nitrogen oxides from contaminated gases under aerobic conditions
A biofilter is described for reducing concentrations of gaseous nitrogen oxides in a polluted gas comprises a porous organic filter bed medium disposed in a housing, the filter bed medium including a mixed culture of naturally occurring denitrifying bacteria for converting the nitrogen oxides to nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide, and water. A method is described of reducing concentrations of nitrogen oxides in polluted gas comprises conducting the polluted gas through the biofilter so that the denitrifying bacteria can degrade the nitrogen oxides. A preferred filter medium is wood compost, however composts of other organic materials are functional. Regulation of pH, moisture content, exogenous carbon sources, and temperature are described. 6 figs.
Apel, W.A.
A biofilter for reducing concentrations of gaseous nitrogen oxides in a polluted gas comprises a porous organic filter bed medium disposed in a housing, the filter bed medium including a mixed culture of naturally occurring denitrifying bacteria for converting the nitrogen oxides to nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide, and water. A method of reducing concentrations of nitrogen oxides in polluted gas comprises conducting the polluted gas through the biofilter so that the denitrifying bacteria can degrade the nitrogen oxides. A preferred filter medium is wood compost, however composts of other organic materials are functional. Regulation of pH, moisture content, exogenous carbon sources, and temperature are described.
Apel, William A. (Idaho Falls, ID)
HTS Power Transformers Presented to the
1 HTS Power Transformers Presented to the 2004 DOE Peer Review Committee For the WES flexibility. Allows operation from 20 K to 77 K permitting full system optimization. Best available conductor/SP/EE/ORNL Team By S.W. Schwenterly E.F. Pleva D.W. Hazelton Oak Ridge Waukesha SuperPower, Inc. National
Transformation texture of allotriomorphic ferrite in steel
Transformation texture of allotriomorphic ferrite in steel D. W. Kim1 , R. S. Qin1 and H. K. D. H into that of the product is mathematically defined. This is not the case when the ferrite forms by a reconstructive mechanism. The allotriomorphic ferrite nucleates heterogeneously at austenite grain boundaries, and although
known codec. Keywords: Sample, edited book Introduction The three fundamental building blocks with one well known codec. 0.1. Wavelet Based Image Coders Wavelet transforms provide very good energy of partitioning, aggregation and conditional coding PACC. Following these concepts, the data object emerging from
Averbuch, Amir
First principles calculations for analysis martensitic transformations
The change in crystal energy is calculated for atomic displacements corresponding to phonons, elastic shears, and lattice transformations. Anomalies in the phonon dispersion curves of NiAl and NiTi are analyzed and recent calculations for TiPd alloys are presented.
Harmon, B.N.; Zhao, G.L.; Ho, K.M.; Chan, C.T.; Ye, Y.Y.; Ding, Y.; Zhang, B.L.
Capturing Database Transformations for Big Data Analytics
of Houston DBMS #12;Organization · Introduction · Classification · Program · Case Study · Conclusions DBMS Transformations to Build Data Sets for Data Mining, Data & Knowledge Engineering (DKE), 2014, Elsevier. DBMS #12 for this project might remain in the database, using resources. DBMS #12;Motivation: Saving Work · Different users
Ordonez, Carlos
Deforestation: Transforming programs to eliminate trees Philip Wadler University of Glasgow \\Lambda---called the Deforestation Algorithm. A form of function definition that uses no intermediate trees is characterised, called and the Deforestation Algorithm are presented in three steps. The first step presents ``pure'' treeless form in a first
Transformation and regeneration of Texas cotton
contained genes associated with pathogen resistance (PR genes): osmotin (PR-5) and a basic PR-1 in pXBOP, and lox1 in pJMA4. Plants were transformed using the shoot apex/Agrobacterium method (US Pat. # 5,164,310; Smith et al., 1992) developed earlier...
Luo, Jinhua
Early diagenetic transformations of peat Original research
Early diagenetic transformations of peat Original research Organic matter sources and decay;KEY WORDS: bioindicators - carbohydrates - labile organic matter - peat botanical composition to the fate of organic matter (OM) in the underlying peat. Our aims were to determine how moisture conditions
Paris-Sud XI, Universit� de
Birck Nanotechnology Center Transforming Light with Metamaterials
Birck Nanotechnology Center Transforming Light with Metamaterials (with A.V. Kildishev, W. Cai, V.P. Drachev, S. Xiao, U. Chettiar) OUTLINE Birck Nanotechnology Center Vladimir M. Shalaev Purdue University;Birck Nanotechnology Center Meta-Magnetics: from 10GHz to 200THz Terahertz magnetism a) Yen, et al. ~ 1
Fiebig, Peter
AALBORGUNIVERSITY DEPARTMENTOFENERGY TECHNOLOGY Transformer in series
connected to the reference ground. The value of the earth impedance is lower than expected in order to make. The simulations are first done considering a load represented by means of lumped parameters, meaning that only in the screen of the 10kV cable. As it can be seen, the new #12;transformer does not help reducing
Silva, Filipe Faria Da
Transforming IT University Health Care System
Transforming IT University Health Care System improves patient care with enterprise grid storage infrastructure. Solution IBM helped University Health Care System (UHCS) develop a plan for using technology of storage University Health Care System is a not- for-profit community hospital network that serves 25
Service Science: Design for Scaling and Transformation
-led revolution which is not just post-Industrial Revolution, but also poising Knowledge Economy for furtherService Science: Design for Scaling and Transformation Cheng K. Hsu Professor of Industrial? Is a service-led revolution reality or gimmick? Each question and answer becomes a chapter of the book, which
Hsu, Cheng
Transforming Abstract Interpretations by Abstract Interpretation
an instance of the same abstract interpretation frame- work lifted to higher types, i.e. where the objectsTransforming Abstract Interpretations by Abstract Interpretation New Challenges in Language - Verona, Italy (roberto.giacobazzi|isabella.mastroeni)@univr.it Abstract. In this paper we exploit
Giacobazzi, Roberto
Contact Anosov flows and the FBI transform
This paper is about spectral properties of transfer operators for contact Anosov flows. The main result gives the essential spectral radius of the transfer operators acting on the so-called anisotropic Sobolev space exactly in terms of dynamical exponents. Also we provide a simplified proof by using the FBI transform.
Tsujii, Masato
TRANSFORMING health society culture economy environment
TRANSFORMING health society culture economy environment #12;0302 04 32 62 92 110 132 #12;5 health resistant to current treatments. An added advantage is that the phage can be freeze-dried for long Professions, and one of its projects, headed by Professor Ann Moore, sets out to see if a type of exercise
Bontcheva, Kalina
Transforming the Museum SPARK | THINK | MAKE
Transforming the Museum SPARK | THINK | MAKE #12;WILLIAMS COLLEGE MUSEUM OF ART 1 Museums. Because of its varied collections and its breadth and nimbleness of forms, the college museum of the museum's 9th decade of history. As we developed the vision for its future we sought to both leverage its
Aalberts, Daniel P.
2010 Solar Market Transformation Analysis and Tools
This document is an overview describing the solar analysis and tool development projects funded by the DOE Market Transformation team for fiscal year 2010. These quick snapshots are intended to give you a basic look at the scope, timeline, and expected deliverables for each project.
On the discrete bicycle transformation S. Tabachnikov
On the discrete bicycle transformation S. Tabachnikov E. Tsukerman 1 Introduction The motivation for this paper comes from the study of a simple model of bicycle motion. The bicycle is modeled as an oriented segment in the plane of fixed length , the wheelbase of the bicycle. The motion is constrained so
Tabachnikov, Sergei
Control of work function of graphene by plasma assisted nitrogen doping
Nitrogen doping is expected to provide several intriguing properties to graphene. Nitrogen plasma treatment to defect-free and defective highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) samples causes doping of nitrogen atom into the graphene layer. Nitrogen atoms are initially doped at a graphitic site (inside the graphene) for the defect-free HOPG, while doping to a pyridinic or a pyrrolic site (edge of the graphene) is dominant for the defective HOPG. The work function of graphene correlates strongly with the site and amount of doped nitrogen. Nitrogen atoms doped at a graphitic site lower the work function, while nitrogen atoms at a pyridinic or a pyrrolic site increase the work function. Control of plasma treatment time and the amount of initial defect could change the work function of graphite from 4.3?eV to 5.4?eV, which would open a way to tailor the nature of graphene for various industrial applications.
Akada, Keishi; Terasawa, Tomo-o; Imamura, Gaku; Obata, Seiji; Saiki, Koichiro, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Complexity Science and Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha 5-1-5, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561 (Japan)
Method for reducing nitrogen oxides in combustion effluents
Method for reducing nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x) in the gas stream from the combustion of fossil fuels is disclosed. In a narrow gas temperature zone, NO.sub.x is converted to nitrogen by reaction with urea or ammonia with negligible remaining ammonia and other reaction pollutants. Specially designed injectors are used to introduce air atomized water droplets containing dissolved urea or ammonia into the gaseous combustion products in a manner that widely disperses the droplets exclusively in the optimum reaction temperature zone. The injector operates in a manner that forms droplet of a size that results in their vaporization exclusively in this optimum NO.sub.x -urea/ammonia reaction temperature zone. Also disclosed is a design of a system to effectively accomplish this injection.
Zauderer, Bert (Merion Station, PA)
Method for selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides
A method for catalytically reducing nitrogen oxide compounds (NO.sub.x, defined as nitric oxide, NO, +nitrogen dioxide, NO.sub.2) in a gas by a material comprising a base metal consisting essentially of CuO and Mn, and oxides of Mn, on an activated metal hydrous metal oxide support, such as HMO:Si. A promoter, such as tungsten oxide or molybdenum oxide, can be added and has been shown to increase conversion efficiency. This method provides good conversion of NO.sub.x to N.sub.2, good selectivity, good durability, resistance to SO.sub.2 aging and low toxicity compared with methods utilizing vanadia-based catalysts.
Mowery-Evans, Deborah L. (Broomfield, CO); Gardner, Timothy J. (Albuquerque, NM); McLaughlin, Linda I. (Albuquerque, NM)
Method For Selective Catalytic Reduction Of Nitrogen Oxides
Study of nitrogen-rich titanium and zirconium nitride films
Thin titanium nitride (TiN) and zirconium nitride (ZrN) films containing excess nitrogen up to 59 and 63 at. % N, respectively, were deposited on austenitic stainless-steel substrates by reactive triode ion plating at about 823 K. The film structure and surface chemistry were studied using x-ray diffraction, scanning Auger spectroscopy, and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). In TiN films only the face-centered-cubic mononitride phase was detected. The lattice parameter of the stoichiometric TiN film was larger than the corresponding bulk value and it increased with increasing nitrogen content. The lattice parameter of overstoichiometric ZrN films showed abnormal behavior when calculated from different diffracting planes. This behavior together with the EELS and other measurements indicate that a dielectric Zr/sub 3/N/sub 4/ phase was formed at overstoichiometric compositions.
Ristolainen, E.O.; Molarius, J.M.; Korhonen, A.S.; Lindroos, V.K.
Study of phase transformation and crystal structure for 1D carbon-modified titania ribbons
One-dimensional hydrogen titanate ribbons were successfully prepared with hydrothermal reaction in a highly basic solution. A series of one-dimensional carbon-modified TiO{sub 2} ribbons were prepared via calcination of the mixture of hydrogen titanate ribbons and sucrose solution under N{sub 2} flow at different temperatures. The phase transformation process of hydrogen titanate ribbons was investigated by in-situ X-ray diffraction at various temperatures. Besides, one-dimensional carbon-modified TiO{sub 2} ribbons calcined at different temperatures were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption isotherms, diffuse reflectance ultraviolet�visible spectroscopy, and so on. Carbon-modified TiO{sub 2} ribbons showed one-dimensional ribbon crystal structure and various crystal phases of TiO{sub 2}. After being modified with carbon, a layer of uniform carbon film was coated on the surface of TiO{sub 2} ribbons, which improved their adsorption capacity for methyl orange as a model organic pollutant. One-dimensional carbon-modified TiO{sub 2} ribbons also exhibited enhanced visible-light absorbance with the increase of calcination temperatures. - Highlights: � The synthesis of 1D carbon-modified TiO{sub 2} ribbons. � The phase transformation of 1D carbon-modified TiO{sub 2} ribbons. � 1D carbon-modified TiO{sub 2} exhibites enhanced visible-light absorbance.
Zhou, Lihui, E-mail: email@example.com; Zhang, Fang; Li, Jinxia
Oxygen and Nitrogen in Isolated Dwarf Irregular Galaxies
We present long slit optical spectroscopy of 67 HII regions in 21 dwarf irregular galaxies to investigate the enrichment of oxygen, nitrogen, neon, sulfur, and argon in low mass galaxies. Oxygen abundances are obtained via direct detection of the temperature sensitive emission lines for 25 HII regions; for the remainder of the sample, oxygen abundances are estimated from strong line calibrations. The direct abundance determinations are compared to the strong-line abundance calibrations of both McGaugh (1991) and Pilyugin (2000). Global oxygen and nitrogen abundances for this sample of dwarf irregular galaxies are examined in the context of open and closed box chemical evolution models. While several galaxies are consistent with closed box chemical evolution, the majority of this sample have an effective yield ~1/4 of the expected yield for a constant star formation rate and Salpeter IMF, indicating that either outflow of enriched gas or inflow of pristine gas has occurred. The effective yield strongly correlates with M_H/L_B in the sense that gas-rich galaxies are more likely to be closed systems. However, the effective yield does not appear to correlate with other global parameters such as dynamical mass, absolute magnitude, star formation rate or surface brightness. A correlation is found between the observed nitrogen-to-oxygen ratio and the color of the underlying stellar population; redder dwarf irregular galaxies have higher N/O ratios than blue dwarf irregular galaxies. The relative abundance ratios are interpreted in the context of delayed release of nitrogen and varied star formation histories.
L. van Zee; M. P. Haynes
Cytosine as an indicator of microbial nitrogen in the rumen
et al. (1970) or Mathison and Milligan (1971), it is based on the incorporation of nitrogen from ammonia and thus would not account for microbial protein synthesized directly from amino acids. Smith and coworkers (1976) observed...). It involves several extractions and a column purification step which could result in only partial recovery of the nucleic acids. Nucleic acid base analysis is much simpler and the potential for error considerably lower. Sample preparation involves oven...
Hegerle, Kelly Michael
ORIGINAL PAPER Nitrogen ebullition in a Colorado plains river
as potent as CO2), N2O fluxes account for only a small proportion (\\1%) of the total nitrate conversion reduction of nitrate (NO3 - ) primarily to N2 (but also some N2O), is an important component of the nitrogen with N2O (median N2O-emission rate, 1.49 9 10-3 g N m-2 d-1 ). Although such N2O emissions
McCarthy, T.K.
Some links on this page may take you to non-federal websites. Their policies may differ from this site.
Website Policies and Important Links
Search capabilities provided by DOE/OSTI