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XFINITY On Demand: 'Escape from Tomorrow' Makes Unlikely Debut
Secretly filmed at Walt Disney theme parks, "Escape from Tomorrow" is the provocative film critics said would never see the light of day.
Secretly filmed at Walt Disney theme parks, "Escape from Tomorrow" is the provocative film critics said would never see the light of day.
"Girls" and "New Girl" are scoring ratings, buzz and Emmy Awards respect. Actor-writers Tina Fey ("30 Rock"), Amy Poehler ("Parks and Recreation") and Lena Dunham ("Girls") are case studies in hyphenate success.
On Sunday night "Weeds" concluded its eighth and final season with a special hour-long episode that saw the return of many familiar faces and a jump ahead in time several… More
The end is near for "Weeds." The comedy-drama hybrid that set Showtime on a new course to quality, critically acclaimed programming, has its last episode this Sunday.
Monday September 3: 'Hotel Hell' (8pm ET on Fox) **Season Finale** Record Now Award-winning chef and hospitality expert Gordon Ramsay checks into the River Rock Inn in Milford, PA. The… More
There have been dozens of medical dramas. There have been plenty of shows about the mob. Fox's "The Mob Doctor" is the first series that combines the two genres. It… More
Kevin Nealon talks about his new standup special, premiering Saturday night (Aug. 4) on Showtime.
Kevin Nealon talks about comedy and "Weeds" in an interview leading up to his second Showtime special, premiering this weekend.
LOS ANGELES (AP) — "Weeds" is part of a rare group of cable TV shows: The Showtime series starring Mary-Louise Parker celebrated the taping of its 100th episode. Showtime's entertainment… More
The identity of Nancy Botwin's (Mary-Louise Parker) shooter was uncovered in Sunday's Season 8 premiere of "Weeds" — and boy was it a blast from the past.
A blog about health, food, beauty, fitness, fashion, parenting and travel focused on how we, as individuals and as a society live our lives.
An up-to-the-minute blog covering celebrities, gossip and entertainment news.
Covering the latest news, opinions and analysis across the world of sports.
A blog about television, characters, programming, actors, and the business of the small screen.
A blog about movie news, movie stars, movie premieres and the business of the big screen.


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This property allows you to book online with a credit card. After submitting a reservation request, the owner or manager has 24 hours to accept, at which time your card will be charged and you will receive an email confirmation
Recent World reviews
"The condo was perfect for our family of 5. 4 adults and one child. The bunk room was perfect and the beds were comfortable. The view from the balcony was awesome. I even took a nap on one of the chaise lounges out there one day. We arrived late afternoon and the condo was clean and the A/C was on. Deborah was great to work with before and during out stay."Guest: JPB Date of Stay: May 2015 Review Submitted: June 9, 2015View listing
"This was one of the best places my family and I have stayed at in Florida. The condo is very clean and looks exactly like it does on the internet. Booking the condo was such a BREZZE , Mrs Esther was by far one of the most helpfull persons I've ever encountered on booking a condo. The decor is just absolutely grougeous. Also another great thing about the condo was the free wifi and that is GREAT when you have teenagers. I would definitely recommend staying at the Tropic Winds and in this unit."Guest: Shelly Date of Stay: June 2015 Review Submitted: June 27, 2015View listing
"Our party of six recently returned to Northern Ontario after a one week stay at Fairfield House and we are already talking about returning again with a larger group! To say that our stay in this beautiful oceanfront century home was magical would be an understatement. In fact, I would easily attribute such glowing accolades at the risk of sounding over romantic, but with good reason. This home is spacious, bright, functional, beautifully appointed, private, updated, clean and happily situated on the scenic Augustine Cove. Although a historic house, it has new bathrooms and a very well stocked kitchen. There is also a spacious room with new laundry facilities and a walk-in ironing room. There are two living rooms with very comfortable sofas and chairs and a large sunroom that stretches across the front of the home facing the ocean. The outside deck is also large and well appointed with good quality adirondack chairs. There are added touches to the home such as two pairs of binoculars, tons of beach towels, books, tourist guides, magazines, jigsaw puzzles, games and a plethora of "Anne of Green Gables" material including a full set of the books. The bedrooms have amble closet space and the mattresses and linens are top quality. Although the home is furnished in a nice mix of antiques and modern furniture, you never get the feeling that the items are "hands off" and we felt right at home as soon as we walked in the door. The home is centrally located and easy to find. The drive to either Charlottetown or Summerside was easy and all the other attractions that PEI has to offer. As we are from Northern Ontario, driving any distance for dinner, groceries etc... is the norm, so we planned for supply pick-up in conjunction with our outings and did not find the private cove in any way isolated. Secluded and private yes, but not isolated with Charlottetown and Summerside less than one hour away. All our inquiries were handled in a very timely manner by Alan and Sue Manning and questions while we were at the house usually answered within the hour. The welcome package that was mailed prior to the visit was also very helpful in planning our trip to PEI and the gift of PEI jams and tea upon our arrival was a very nice touch. Do not hesitate to rent this historic home if you have a group from 6-10 as the ocean view, spaciousness, surroundings and appointments of this house cannot be overstated. Five star all the way"Guest: Lorene S. Date of Stay: July 2014 Review Submitted: August 6, 2014View listing
"Our family recently enjoyed an amazing weekend at the Wolfe condo. Our time there was extremely relaxing and peaceful. We had every convenience at our disposal that we could imagine. The accommodations were clean, stylish, and comfortable. The best part of our stay was accessibility to the pool area which was right outside our back door. We spent many hours enjoying the great pool and spa. The condo even provides rafts and toys which the children enjoyed very much. The condo is easily accessible to the freeway for easy access upon arrival or departure. It is also very close to shopping and restaurants. There is also a very nice golf course available. We would recommend a visit to the Wolfe condo for anyone who is looking for a relaxing and very nice escape from the everyday world."Guest: Jim Date of Stay: May 2015 Review Submitted: June 1, 2015View listing
Featured Destinations: The Villages, Rosemary Beach, Destin Condo Rentals, Amelia Island, Myrtle Beach, Outer Banks

subset: commoncrawl


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Charles Rangel September 30,2014
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[Comment: Speaking Truth To Power]
Once again we hear another...
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Dr. Ben Carson. Columnist believes Olivia Pope from ABC's "Scandal" has as much chance as Dr. Carson for Republican presidential nomination ...


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We offer discount to nonprofits, government agencies, and federal contractors
In just the last two weeks, congressional calls to #EndFamilyDetention have turned the tide of momentum significantly.
AILA Doc No. 04093065 | Dated September 30, 2004 | File Size: 47 KDownload the Document
Due to an error in its Federal Register notice, USCIS is extending the validity of work authorizations for Liberians under TPS until 10/24/04.
[[To print the PDF on this page please use the print function in the PDF reader.]]
Cite as AILA Doc. No. 04093065.Open the Document
American Immigration Lawyers Association
1331 G Street NW, Suite 300
Washington, DC 20005
Copyright © 1993-2015
American Immigration Lawyers Association.


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Footwear etc. Rewards: Enjoy $10 in Rewards Just for Signing Up!
Select your desired product options and we will notify you when it is back in stock.
The Dansko Frida is a dressy women's sandal with wedge heel and adjustable buckle ankle strap.
When wife and husband team, Mandy Cabot and Peter Kjellerup discovered their perfect barn shoes in a tiny shop in Europe, they just had to share them with their friends. When their friends tried them on, they told their friends. And just like that, a shoe company was born. Today, more than 20 years later, Dansko is 100% employee owned and, in addition to its legendary clogs, offers a wide selection footwear including heels, boots, sandals, wedges and flats.
Dansko Frida Sand Antique Full Grain Leather Women's Sandal
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"Footwear etc. is a top-notch company. I'm not afraid to buy over the internet with this company. Customer service is great. MBT shoes are fantastic. MBT is a blessing for a body with my problems."
©2015 Footwear Etc. All Rights Reserved. For any questions or assistance call 1-800-720-0572.


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I have 8 pot belly pigs for sale. 4 females, and 4 males. Taking non-deposits of $50.00. Males $125.00, Females $150.00. Will be ready July 4th weekend. Mom is 50 pounds, Dad is 35 pounds. Mom is on property. Pics attached. Located in Nebo, Nc. Will meet within reasonable distance when ready. PM with any questions.
May 26 -
Asheville :
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Bronson was known as "Il Bruto" to the Italian movie going public. Il Bruto means The Ugly.
User Score: 22
User Score: 128
User Score: 5
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Aanchal Digest November 2014
Aanchal Digest November 2014 Read And Download Aanchal Digest November 2014
As we already mentioned here that Advertisement helps us to pay toward hosting expenses and we request you to disable ad-blocker, Now please disable any ad-blocker you are using in your browser to gain access to website again.
Aanchal Digest November 2014 Read And Download Aanchal Digest November 2014
بہشتی زیور از مولانا اشرف علی تھانوی Bahishti Zewar By Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanvi Read and download Bahishti Zewar By Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanvi
Below is a list of Salient features of Paksociety
PDF Files:All books available here are in pdf format and compatible with all PDF readers so you can easily read them at your PC .
Online Reading:You can read every e-book online on very fast server, Other Sites are not giving such facility .
Direct Download Links:You can download every e-book with direct downloading speed with maximum speed as allowed by your internet provider,Other hosts are giving links to other file hosting sites .
Ad free Links:Our links are ad free, we are not giving any redirected link before download .
No Dead Link:There is no dead link, all books have alive links .
Quality:We regularly check for better quality of all uploaded books, whenever we found new and better quality we replace old with new one.Other sites are just giving links and not taking care of already uploaded stuff


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Eutelsat 3D will operate at 3° East until the deployment of the
Eutelsat 3B satellite to this position in second quarter 2014 to provide
further spectrum growth and high levels of operational flexibility in
C-, Ku- and Ka- bands. The entry into service of Eutelsat 3D enables Eutelsat to initiate
enhancements to its fleet that will bring higher in-orbit security and
increased capacity.
Eutelsat 3C will be deployed in early July from 3° East to the Hot Bird position at 13° East. Renamed Hot Bird 13D, it will be colocated
with the identical Hot Bird 13B and C satellites. With each bird
equipped with 64 high-power Ku-band transponders, they together span the
range of 102 Ku-band frequencies at 13° East and will deliver 100 percent
in-orbit redundancy.
The reconfiguration of the Hot Bird constellation will release the
Hot Bird 13A satellite which will be deployed to 7/8° West. Renamed
Eutelsat 8 West C, it will enable Eutelsat to switch on additional
transponders at the key neighbourhood for satellite television in North Africa and the Middle East.
The 7/8° West arc, already hosting Eutelsat and Nilesat satellites,
broadcasts over 1,000 channels to more than 30 million homes and
represents one of the fastest growing neighbourhoods for digital
services. This orbital position will get a further boost in the second
half of 2015 with the launch of Eutelsat 8 West B.
An Inside Look at Four Virtual Reality Start-Ups
What Moves the Social TV Needle?
Mark Kudsi Directs 'Art of Patron Virtual Reality Experience'
BT Renews Intelsat Deal
Top Twitter TV Shows for 2014-15 Season Unveiled
comScore Introduces MobiLens Plus
North Korean Propoganda Art Inspires the Credits of 'The Interview'
Imaginary Forces Creates Kaleidoscopic Titles for 'Bosch'
Filmmaker Embraces Short Documentary Format with Oscar-Nominated 'Crisis Hotline'
North Metro Television Goes Wireless with Comrex LiveShot
Spectra Logic and HauteSpot Networks Introduce Body-Worn Camera Video Surveillance Solution
Huge Ultra HD Display Lights Up Times Square


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Gunmetal Black Ep 01
episode 14.23 / 5.00 3,871 Views
Lucina's First Day
A look at the first day of Lucina in Super Smash4.23 / 5.00 12,056 Views
BATMAN v SUPERMAN final showdown
SPOILERS!!4.16 / 5.00 11,064 Views
Funny stuff.
These two little kids reminded me of Walter and Perry from Home Movies. Did anyone else catch this? I'd like more feedback on that. Little kids can have fun anywhere, huh?
loved it
this is teh best one ive seen so far man! uve gotten great at this!
The brothers remind me of the two friends/brothers on Home Movies.
did u and ur brother really get kidnapped once ------- to batles
As they say...
Ignorance is bliss.


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9.3/103 reviews
9.3/103 reviews
If what you're looking for is a conveniently located hotel in Hoi An, look no further than Cam Chau Homestay. The hotel lies 1.5 km from the city center and provides accessibility to important town facilities. With its convenient location, the hotel offers easy access to the city's must-see destinations.
Cam Chau Homestay also offers many facilities to enrich your stay in Hoi An. Airport transfer, laundry service/dry cleaning, tours, bicycle rental are just a few of the facilities that set Cam Chau Homestay apart from other hotels in the city.
The hotel features 16 beautifully appointed guest rooms, each including air conditioning, fan, desk, hair dryer, shower. The hotel offers fantastic facilities, including garden, to help you unwind after an action-packed day in the city. Enjoy unparalleled services and a truly prestigious address at the Cam Chau Homestay.
Luggage Storage , Safety Deposit Box
Room Service , Laundry , Ironing Service , Car Rental , Tour Desk , Ticket Service
Wired internet is available
From 14:00
Before 12:00
Children under 2 stay for free in existing bedding. Note, cot charges may apply. Children aged 2 or over must use an extra bed.
Your reservation is absolutely secure. All personal data is encrypted and will be processed in a secure way.
Checkin Vietnam takes the privacy of your personal data very seriously. Your personal information will only be used to process your booking. For more information, read our Privacy statement.
Checkin Vietnam will not charge you any reservation fees for making this booking, nor charge your credit card. You will simply pay for your stay at the hotel.
Cancellation is free of charge provided you adhere to the notification period stated in the hotel cancellation policy (see "Hotel Policies").
More information can be found in our Terms and Conditions
By 3 reviews


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Book your room at Quality Inn At Quechee Gorge
Please enter your travel dates.
Get an overview of this hotelHotel in Quechee with free breakfast and restaurant
Situated in Quechee, this hotel is within a 10-minute walk of Quechee Gorge and Quechee Gorge Village. Vermont Institiute of Natural Science and Vermont Institute Natural Science Nature Center are also within 15 minutes.
Hotel Features
A restaurant, an indoor pool, and a fitness center are available at this hotel. Free buffet breakfast, free WiFi in public areas, and free self parking are also provided. Additionally, a computer station, a picnic area, and free breakfast are onsite.
Room Amenities
All 61 rooms offer free WiFi and free wired Internet, plus coffee makers and cable TV. Other amenities available to guests include free local calls, hair dryers, and phones.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
Quality Inn At Quechee Gorge features an indoor pool and a fitness center. The hotel offers a restaurant. Guests can enjoy a complimentary breakfast. A computer station is located on site and high-speed wireless Internet access is complimentary.
Complimentary self parking is available on site.
- Computer station
- Fitness facilities
- Free breakfast
- Free self parking
- Free WiFi
- Indoor pool
- Number of floors - 2
- Picnic area
- Restaurant
- Total number of rooms - 61
Family Friendly Amenities
- Free Wi-Fi
- Indoor pool
- Rollaway/extra beds available
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi , Free wired high-speed Internet
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Free self parking
Room Amenities
- Air conditioning
- Cable TV service
- Coffee/tea maker
- Cribs/infant beds available
- Free local calls
- Free WiFi
- Free wired high-speed Internet
- Hair dryer
- Iron/ironing board
- Pay movies
- Phone
- Rollaway/extra beds available
Where to Eat
Guests are offered a complimentary buffet breakfast.
Quality Inn At Quechee Gorge has a restaurant on site.
Nearby Things to Do
Recreational amenities at the hotel include an indoor pool and a fitness center.
The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby; fees may apply.
- Cross-country skiing nearby
To make requests for specific accessibility needs, complete the "Special or Accessibility Requests" section of "Trip Preferences" when you book your hotel.
- Accessible path of travel
- Accessible parking
- In-room accessibility
Hotel Policies
Check-in time starts at 3 PM
Check-out time is 11 AM
Payment types
Children and extra beds
- Children are welcome.
- Rollaway/extra beds are available for USD 10.00 per night.
- Cribs (infant beds) are available.
Pets allowed
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
- Pet fee: USD 25 per stay
- Rollaway bed fee: USD 10.00 per night


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By Simon Williams
6 Feb 2011
Canon PIXMA MP495 Wireless Inkjet Photo All-In-One (4499B026)
Canon Pixma Multifunction Printer K10356 MP495
Canon PIXMA MP495 All-In-One Inkjet Printer For parts or not working
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text:
Book your room at Holiday Inn Express Amsterdam - South
Standard Room, 1 Double BedMax Occupancy: 2 guests (up to 1 child)
Standard Room, 1 Double BedMax Occupancy: 2 guests (up to 1 child)
Standard Room, 2 Single BedsMax Occupancy: 2 guests (up to 1 child)
Get an overview of this hotelHotel with free breakfast and WiFi in Amstelveen
Close to metro station
Holiday Inn Express Amsterdam - South in Amstelveen is a 2-minute walk from Von Boshuizenstraat Metro Station, which connects to Amsterdam Zuid Railway Station in 5 minutes. From there, guests can reach Schiphol Airport and the city center. The World Trade Center is 5 minutes away by tram.
Free breakfast
Guests can enjoy a free breakfast every morning, and grab a snack at the onsite coffee shop and bar. For more dining options, there are several restaurants just a short walk from the hotel. The lobby has 2 free Internet terminals, and the hotel offers free parking overnight and on weekends.
Free WiFi and LCD TV
The soundproofed guestrooms are smart, modern, and decorated with splashes of bright color. Business travelers can get some work done at the desk using free WiFi, before surfing premium cable channels on an LCD TV. The coffeemaker and pillow menu offer guests additional comforts away from home.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
The hotel offers a dining venue. A bar/lounge is on site where guests can unwind with a drink. Guests can enjoy a complimentary breakfast each morning. A computer station is located on site and high-speed wireless Internet access is complimentary.
Business-related amenities at this 3-star property consist of a 24-hour business center and a meeting room. Event facilities measure 161 square feet (15 square meters). This family-friendly hotel also offers tour/ticket assistance, multilingual staff, and coffee/tea in the lobby. A total renovation of this property was completed in February 2012.
Holiday Inn Express Amsterdam - South is a smoke-free property.
- Free breakfast
- Free WiFi
- Bar/lounge
- Coffee shop or café
- 24-hour business center
- Offsite parking discounted rates available
- Coffee/tea in lobby
- Conference space size (feet) - 161
- Conference space size (meters) - 15
- One meeting room
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- 24-hour front desk
- Computer station
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Multilingual staff
- Television in lobby
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Elevator/lift
- Shopping on site
- Luggage storage
- Smoke-free property
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Number of floors - 3
- Total number of rooms - 80
Family Friendly Amenities
- Free Wi-Fi
- Cribs/infant beds (complimentary)
- Soundproofed rooms
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Offsite parking discounted rates available
Room Amenities
- Free WiFi
- Cable TV service
- Premium TV channels
- Shower only
- Rainfall showerhead
- Coffee/tea maker
- Pillow menu
- Down comforter
- Free cribs/infant beds
- Daily housekeeping
- Hair dryer
- Free toiletries
- Iron/ironing board (on request)
- Desk
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- Soundproofed rooms
- Air conditioning
- Climate control
- Private bathroom
- Individually furnished
- Connecting/adjoining rooms available
Where to Eat
A complimentary continental breakfast is served each morning between 6:30 AM and 10:30 AM.
Onsite venue - This dining venue specializes in Kosher dishes and serves breakfast only.
To make requests for specific accessibility needs, complete the "Special or Accessibility Requests" section of "Trip Preferences" when you book your hotel.
- Accessible bathroom
- Accessible path of travel
- In-room accessibility
- Roll-in shower
Hotel Policies
Check-in time starts at 3 PM
Minimum check-in age is 18
Check-out time is noon
Payment types
Children and extra beds
- Children are welcome.
- Kids stay free! One child under 2 years old stays free when using existing bedding.
- Free cribs (infant beds)!
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
Special cancellation policies or charges may apply for group reservations (more than 8 rooms for the same hotel / stay dates).
- A 5 percent city/local tax will be charged
- Self parking fee: EUR 8.40 per day
We should mention
One child 2 years old or younger stays free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding. Only registered guests are allowed in the guestrooms. The property has connecting/adjoining rooms, which are subject to availability and can be requested by contacting the property using the number on the booking confirmation.
National Rating
This hotel has received its official star rating from the Netherlands Tourist Board.


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233 South 13th Street, Suite 1200 Lincoln, Nebraska 68508-2091 402.474.4472
The Nebraska Medical Association Commission on Medical Association is recognized by the Accreditation Council of Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to accredit providers of Continuing Medical Education (CME) in Nebraska. Currently, the Nebraska Medical Association Commission on Medical Association accredits ten providers of CME in the state. Below are listed the providers, their location, and a contact person. Please contact these providers to learn of their upcoming CME offerings.
To become an accredited provider please contact the NMA at (402) 474-4472.
Bryan Medical CenterSummer EricksonManager of Continuing Medical Education2300 S. 16th StreetLincoln, NE 68502(402) 481-9909Children's Hospital & Medical CenterSara OlsenCME Coordinator8200 Dodge RoadOmaha NE 68114(402) 955-6070
Faith Regional Health ServicesAnn SteckelbergDirector of Faith Regional University2700 W. Norfolk Ave.Norfolk, NE 68701(402) 644-7346
Great Plains Regional Medical CenterPamela GarrickEducation Coordinator601 W. LeotaNorth Platte, NE 69101(308) 535-7448 Ext. 4
Mary Lanning Memorial Health CareSharon HayekDirector of Education715 N. St. Joseph Ave.Hastings, NE 68901(402) 461-5329
Nebraska Methodist HospitalCindy HamiltonAdmin Dir. Medical Services8303 Dodge St.Omaha, NE 68114(402) 354-7843
Regional West Medical CenterMichele ParksCME Coordinator4021 Avenue BScottsbluff NE 69361(308) 630-1709
St. Francis Medical CenterSherry HuffmanEducational Services Director2620 W. Faidley AvenueP.O. Box 9804Grand Island, NE 68802(308) 398-5318
Nominate a physician for a 2015 NMA Award
SCOTUS upholds ACA subsidies
NMA Past President Les Spry, MD, announces run for legislative seat
ICD-10 manual order form
Results of CMS end-to-end testing
Doctoring, without the doctor
Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 detailed summary; when provisions will take place
NMA provides new health care resource for Nebraskans
2014 Annual Report
Human Trafficking - what health care providers can do to identify and assist victims - latest issue of NMA's Nebraska MedicineParents need to be 'voice of reason' to keep teenagers healthy, out of tanning beds
NMA hosting ICD-10 trainings - Register online
233 South 13th Street
Suite 1200
Lincoln, Nebraska 68508-2091


text:
This is part 2 of my homemade pool ball polisher. it shows how well it polishes the balls and how nice and shiny they become after only a couple minutes in my homemade polisher.
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Need for Speed: Carbon
In NFS Carbon you aim to take over the city by winning races and defeating other racing crews.
Nicktoons: Battle for Volcano Island
In this Nicktoons adventure, players can select up to 10 playable characters from the most popular shows including "SpongeBob SquarePants," "Danny Phantom," "The Fairly OddParents" and "Jimmy Neutron."
Naruto: Clash of Ninja 2
This anime-based game comes to the US courtesy of D3.
Naruto: Clash of Ninja
Naruto: Clash of Ninja is a fighting game based on the Japanese manga and anime of the same name.
Need for Speed: Most Wanted
In Need for Speed Most Wanted, you can try to become the most notorious street racer alive. Outrun both racers and cops to increase your reputation and move up the ...
Nicktoons Unite!
This adventure game features characters and locales from a number of different Nickelodeon cartoons.
NBA Live 06
NBA Live 06 continues the NBA live franchise and boasts a set of new features. Improved transition play captures the speed and feel of a NBA fast break, and increased ...
The EA Sports hockey franchise returns with a host of new features in NHL 06. You can carefully place your shots and time your dekes with the new "skill stick" ...
Namco Museum 50th Anniversary
Namco celebrates their 50th anniversary by packaging 14 of their best classic arcade games onto one disc. The interface lets you browse a virtual game hall with each game shown ...
NBA Street V3
The third installment of NBA Street advances the series by adding more customization, different game modes, and new gameplay features. Now you can build both your reputation and show-stopping Gamebreakers ...
NFL Street 2
While NFL Street 2 is every bit as slick of a product as you'd expect from EA's sports division, it's only marginally improved over its predecessor.
Naruto: Gekitou Ninja Taisen! 3
Tomy will be releasing the third installment of this series, which will feature at least three new characters.
Need for Speed: Underground 2
Need for Speed Underground 2 is pretty good, but unfortunately most of the stuff you do in between races keeps you away from the game's best moments.
NBA Live 2005
NBA Live 2005 plays a solid game of basketball, but even the flashy new features can't hide the fact that it isn't a huge step up from last year's edition.
Make no mistake. NHL 2005 is still a solid game of hockey--but it shouldn't be your first choice for one.
NASCAR SimRacing
NASCAR 2005 is packed to the gills with drivers, tracks, and play modes. It's a NASCAR fan's dream come true.
NCAA Football 2005
NCAA Football 2005 is still a great college football game, but longtime fans will have trouble shaking the feeling that the series isn't quite living up to its awesome potential.
NBA Ballers
NBA Ballers offers a unique gameplay experience, with a high quality presentation overlaid on a solid game design.
NFL Street
If you've been eagerly waiting for some fast-paced, hard-hitting football, NFL Street delivers what you're looking for.
Need for Speed: Underground
Import racing fans should definitely check out Need for Speed Underground.
NFL Blitz Pro
NFL Blitz Pro has good qualities, but ultimately, it tries much too hard to be something it isn't.


text:
A method for reducing dye stain of an exposed photographic element, said element comprising a support having thereon at least one image-forming layer containing a photobleachable dye, the method comprising processing the element, and exposing the processed element, in presence of a N-oxyazinium, to radiation that can be absorbed either by the photobleachable dye or by the N-oxyazinium.
1. A photographic element comprising a support having thereon at least one image forming silver halide layer containing a photobleachable sensitizing dye, and comprising a N-oxyazinium compound.
2. The photographic element of
3. The photographic element of
4. The photographic element of
This application is a divisional of application Ser. No. 09/510,012, filed Feb. 22, 2000.
The invention relates to a method for reducing dye stain in photographic elements. It also relates to a photographic element containing a photobleachable compound.
Sensitizing dyes are added to photographic emulsions in order to impart spectral sensitivity beyond the intrinsic absorption range of silver halide. Sensitizing dyes are compounds that absorb light at wavelengths ranging from the near UV (ca. 400 nm) to the infrared (ca. 850 nm). Light that is absorbed by said sensitizing dyes results in electron injection into the conduction band of the silver halide, and ultimately in the formation of a latent image. In this way, the spectral response of photographic emulsions is extended to the spectral region covered by the absorption of the dye.
When used to impart spectral sensitivity to a photographic silver halide grains, the sensitizing dyes are usually removed during the processing steps (developing, fixing, and washing). The current trend is towards decreasing these processing times, since this has the advantage of reducing the amount of effluents. However, removal of the sensitizing dyes is often less efficient with shorter processing times. Residual sensitizing dyes, which remain in the emulsions after processing, cause unwanted coloration (dye stain) of the photographic material. In addition, some sensitizing dyes have a high propensity towards aggregation and/or have poor water solubility and as a result would require excessive processing times for complete removal.
It is desirable to find a method for reducing dye stain of an exposed and processed photographic material without affecting the image dye.
This objective is achieved by the present invention which provides a method for reducing dye stain of an exposed photographic element, said element comprising a support having thereon at least one image-forming layer containing a photobleachable dye, the method comprising processing the element, and exposing the processed element, in presence of a N-oxyazinium, to radiation that can be absorbed either by the photobleachable dye or by the N-oxyazinium The method involves photochemically bleaching the dyes by photoreactions of the dyes with N-oxyazinium compounds.
This invention provides a photobleaching method that can be advantageously carried out for a wide variety of photobleachable sensitizing dyes.
When reference in this application is made to a particular group, unless otherwise specifically stated, the group may itself be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents (up to the maximum possible number). For example, "alkyl" group refers to a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, while "aryl" refers to a substituted or unsubstituted aryl (with up to six substituents). The substituent may be itself substituted or unsubstituted.
Generally, unless otherwise specifically stated, substituents include any substituents, whether substituted or unsubstituted, which do not destroy properties necessary for the photographic utility. Examples of substituents include known substituents, such as: halogen, for example, chloro, fluoro, bromo, iodo; alkoxy, particularly those "lower alkyl" (that is, with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example, methoxy, ethoxy; substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, particularly lower alkyl (for example, methyl, trifluoromethyl); thioalkyl (for example, methylthio or ethylthio), particularly either of those with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; substituted and unsubstituted aryl, particularly those having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms (for example, phenyl); and substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, particularly those having a 5 or 6-membered ring containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, or S (for example, pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl); acid or acid salt groups such as any of those described below; and others known in the art. Alkyl substituents may specifically include "lower alkyl" (that is, having 1-6 carbon atoms), for example, methyl, ethyl, and the like. Further, with regard to any alkyl group or alkylene group, it will be understood that these can be branched or unbranched and include ring structures.
In the scope of the invention, the N-oxyazinium compound is an N-oxy-N-heterocyclic compound having from 5 to 14 nuclear carbon atoms in the heterocycle such as a pyridinium, diazinium, or triazinium nucleus. The N-oxyazinium compound can include one or more aromatic rings, typically carbocyclic aromatic rings, fused with the N-oxy-N-heterocyclic compound, including quinolinium, isoquinolinium, benzodiazinium, and naphthodiazinium. Any convenient charge balancing counter-ion can be employed to complete the N-oxyazinium compounds. The oxy group (—O—R1) of the N-oxyazinium compound which quaternizes the ring nitrogen atom of the azinium nucleus can be selected from among a variety of synthetically convenient oxy groups. The group R1 can, for example, be an alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, butyl, benzyl, an aralkyl group (e.g., benzyl or phenethyl) and a sulfoalkyl group (e.g., sulfomethyl). The group R1 can be an aryl group such as a phenyl group. In another form R1 can be an acyl group, such as an —C(O)—R3 group, where R3 is an alkyl and aryl groups such as phenyl or naphthyl, tolyl, xylyl, etc. When R1 is an alkyl group, it typically contains from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, when R1 is an aryl group, it typically contains from 6 to 18 carbon atoms.
Illustrative examples of useful N-oxyazinium compounds are shown by the formulae below:
wherein R1 represents alkyl group of 1-12 carbons, or alkyl group substituted with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of acyloxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkylthio, arylthio, alkylsulfonyl, thiocyano, cyano, halogen, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, acetyl, aroyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, arylaminicarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyloxy, arylaminocarbonyloxy, acylamino, carboxy, sulfo, trihalomethyl, alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylureido, arylureido, succinimido, and phthalimido substituent; aryl group, or acyl group; R2, R22 or R6 represents independently hydrogen, an alkyl group of 1-12 carbons, an aryl or heteroaryl group, unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of an acyloxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkylthio, arylthio, alkylsulfonyl, thiocyano, cyano, halogen, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, acetyl, aroyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, arylaminicarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyloxy, arylaminocarbonyloxy, acylamino, carboxy, sulfo, trihalomethyl, alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylureido, arylureido, succinimido and phthalimido substituent, or an acyloxy, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkylthio, arylthio, alkylsulfonyl, thiocyano, cyano, halogen, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, acetyl, aroyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, arylaminicarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyloxy, arylaminocarbonyloxy, acylamino, amino, alkylamino, arylamino, carboxy, sulfo, trihalomethyl, alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylureido, arylureido, succinimido, phthalimido group, —CO—R3 wherein R3 is an alkyl or an aryl group, or —(CH═CH)m—R4 wherein R4 is an aryl or heterocyclic group; m is 1 or 2; Y is selected from the group consisting of S, O, Se, —C(R1)2, and —NR1, X is a divalent linking group selected from a group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted methylenes, (—CR5R7—), and [(—CR5R7)n—X1—(CR5R7—)P] wherein R5 or R7 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl group, n and p are from 1-12, X1 is aryl or heteroaryl nuclei, carbonyl, sulfo, thio, oxy; and Z is an alkylidene group.
In the scope of the invention, each of the above formulae can comprise one or more R2, R22 or R6 group.
Useful N-oxyazinium compounds can also be represented by the following formula
wherein A+is the N-oxyazinium moiety. The linking alkyl chain can have additional substituents, e.g., ether, ester, amide, etc.
According to one embodiment, the N-oxyazinium compound is a compound having one of the following formulae:
wherein R1 is an alkyl, an aryl or an acyl, R2 or R22 are independently an hydrogen atom, alkyl, aryl, heterocyclic, carboxylic, carboxylate, carbonamido, sulfonamido, nitryl, groups, —CO—R3 wherein R3 is an alkyl group or aryl group, or —(CH═CH)m—R4 group wherein R4 is an aryl or heterocyclic group; X is an alkylene group, preferably —(CH2)n— wherein n is from 1 to 12.
According to a specific embodiment, R1 is preferably an alkyl having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms or an aryl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms.
Illustrative examples of N-oxyazinium compounds useful in the present invention are one of the following compounds:
According to the present invention, the N-oxyazinium compound has a reduction potential less negative than −1.4 V, and comprises an N-oxy group capable of releasing an oxy radical that reacts with the photobleachable dye to produce bleached compound.
In the present invention, the photographic element can be contacted with one or more of any of the N-oxyazinium compounds disclosed therein.
The N-oxyazinium compounds are associated with a counter ion that is not involved in the activity of the present composition and can be any of the conventional anions, e.g., halide, fluoroborate, toluene sulfonate, etc. It can also be an oligomeric or polymeric species.
In the scope of the invention, the photobleachable dye is any dyes that by reaction with an N-oxyazinium compound give a bleached compound.
According to the invention, a bleached compound is a colorless compound or a compound less colored than the dye.
The photobleachable dye can be cyanine dyes, complex cyanine dyes, merocyanine dyes, complex merocyanine dyes, homopolar cyanine dyes, styryl dyes, oxonol dyes, hemioxonol dyes, and hemicyanine dyes.
Representative spectral sensitizing dyes are discussed are discussed in Research Disclosure, Item 36544, September 1996, the disclosure of which, including the disclosure of references cited therein are incorporated herein by reference. These dyes may be synthesized by those skilled in the art according to the procedures described herein or F. M. Hamer, The Cyanine Dyes and Related Compounds (Interscience Publishers, New York, 1964). Photobleachable spectral sensitizing dyes can be cyanine or merocyanine dyes represented by the general formulae D1-D5 below:
E1 and E2 represent the atoms necessary to form a substituted or unsubstituted hetero ring and may be the same or different,
each J independently represents a methine group,
q is a positive integer of from 1 to 4,
p and r each independently represents 0 or 1,
D1 and D2 each independently represents alkyl or aryl groups, and
W2 is a counterion as necessary to balance the charge;
wherein E1, D1, J, p, q and W2 are as defined above for formula D1 and G represents
wherein E4 represents the atoms necessary to complete a heterocyclic nucleus, and F and F′ each independently represents a cyano group, an ester group, an acyl group, a carbamoyl group or an alkylsulfonyl group;
wherein D1, E1, J, p, q and W2 are as defined above for formula D1, and G2 represents a amino group or an aryl group;
wherein D1, E1, D2, E1, J, p, q, r and W2 are as defined for formula D1 above, and E3 is defined the same as E4 for formula D2 above;
wherein D1, E1, J, G, p, q, r, W2 and E3 are as defined above.
In the above formulas, E1 and E2 each independently represents the atoms necessary to complete a substituted or unsubstituted 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic nucleus. These include a thiazole nucleus, oxazole nucleus, selenazole nucleus, quinoline nucleus, tellurazole nucleus, pyridine nucleus, thiazoline nucleus, indoline nucleus, oxadiazole nucleus, thiadiazole nucleus, or imidazole nucleus. This nucleus may be substituted with known substituents, such as halogen (e.g., chloro, fluoro, bromo), alkoxy (e.g., methoxy, ethoxy), substituted or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., methyl, trifluoromethyl), substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl, sulfonate, and others known in the art.
In one embodiment of the invention, when dyes according to formula D1 are used E1 and E2 each independently represent the atoms necessary to complete a substituted or unsubstituted thiazole nucleus, a substituted or unsubstituted selenazole nucleus, a substituted or unsubstituted imidazole nucleus, or a substituted or unsubstituted oxazole nucleus.
Examples of useful nuclei for E1 and E2 include: a thiazole nucleus, e.g., thiazole, 4-methylthiazole, 4-phenylthiazole, 5-methylthiazole, 5-phenylthiazole, 4,5-dimethyl-thiazole, 4,5-diphenylthiazole, 4-(2-thienyl)thiazole, benzothiazole, 4-chlorobenzothiazole, 5-chlorobenzothiazole, 6-chlorobenzothiazole, 7-chlorobenzothiazole, 4-methylbenzothiazole, 5-methylbenzothiazole, 6-methylbenzothiazole, 5-bromobenzothiazole, 6-bromobenzothiazole, 5-phenylbenzothiazole, 6-phenylbenzothiazole, 4-methoxybenzothiazole, 5-methoxybenzothiazole, 6-methoxybenzothiazole, 4-ethoxybenzothiazole, 5-ethoxybenzothiazole, tetrahydrobenzothiazole, 5,6-dimethoxybenzothiazole, 5,6-dioxymethylbenzothiazole, 5-hydroxybenzothiazole, 6-5-dihydroxybenzothiazole, naphtho[2, 1-d]thiazole, 5-ethoxynaphtho[2,3-d]thiazole, 8-methoxynaphtho[2,3-d]thiazole, 7-methoxynaphtho[2,3-d]thiazole, 4′-methoxythianaphtheno-7′, 6′-4,5-thiazole, etc.; an oxazole nucleus, e.g., 4-methyloxazole, 5-methyloxazole, 4-phenyloxazole, 4,5-diphenyloxazole, 4-ethyloxazole, 4,5-dimethyloxazole, 5-phenyloxazole, benzoxazole, 5-chlorobenzoxazole, 5-methylbenzoxazole, 5-phenylbenzoxazole, 6-methylbenzoxazole,, 5,6-dimethylbenzoxazole, 4,6-dimethylbenzoxazole, 5-ethoxybenzoxazole, 5-chlorobenzoxazole, 6-methoxybenzoxazole, 5-hydroxybenzoxazole, 6-hydroxybenzoxazole,, naphtho[2,1-d]oxazole, naphtho[1,2-d]oxazole, etc.; a selenazole nucleus, e.g., 4-methylselenazole, 4-phenylselenazole, benzoselenazole, 5-chlorobenzoselenazole, 5-methoxybenzoselenazole, 5-hydroxybenzoselenazole, tetrahydrobenzoselenazole, naphtho[2,1-d]selenazole, naphtho[1,2-d]selenazole, etc.; a pyridine nucleus, e.g., 2-pyridine, 5-methyl-2-pyridine, 4-pyridine, 3-methyl-4-pyridine, 3-methyl-4-pyridine, etc.; a quinoline nucleus, e.g., 2-quinoline, 3-methyl-2-quinoline, 5-ethyl-2-quinoline, 6-chloro-2-quinoline, 8-chloro-2-quinoline, 6-methoxy-2-quinoline, 8-ethoxy-2-quinoline, 8-hydroxy-2-quinoline, 4-quinoline, 6-methoxy-4-quinoline, 7-methyl-4-quinoline, 8-chloro-4-quinoline, etc.; a tellurazole nucleus, e.g., benzotellurazole, naphtho[1.2-d]benzotellurazole, 5,6-dimethoxybenzotellurazole, 5-methoxybenzotellurazole, 5-methylbenzotellurazole; a thiazoline nucleus, e.g., thiazoline, 4-methylthiazoline, etc.; a benzimidazole nucleus, e.g., benzimidazole, 5-trifluoromethylbenzimidazole, 5,6-dichlorobenzimidazole; and indole nucleus, 3,3-dimethylindole, 3,3-diethylindole, 3,3,5-trimethylindole; or a diazole nucleus, e.g., 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole.
F and F′ are each a cyano group, an ester group such as ethoxy carbonyl, methoxycarbonyl, etc., an acyl group, a carbamoyl group, or an alkylsulfonyl group such as ethylsulfonyl, methylsulfonyl, etc. Examples of useful nuclei for E4 include a 2-thio-2,4-oxazolidinedione nucleus (i.e., those of the 2-thio-2,4-(3H,5H)-oxaazolidinone series) (e.g., 3-ethyl-2-thio-2,4 oxazolidinedione, 3-(2-sulfoethyl)-2-thio-2,4 oxazolidinedione, 3-(4-sulfobutyl)-2-thio-2,4 oxazolidinedione, 3-(3-carboxypropyl)-2-thio-2,4 oxazolidinedione, etc.; a thianaphthenone nucleus (e.g., 2-(2H)-thianaphthenone, etc.), a 2-thio-2,5-thiazolidinedione nucleus (i.e., the 2-thio-2,5-(3H,4H)-thiazoledeione series) (e.g., 3-ethyl-2-thio-2,5-thiazolidinedione, etc.); a 2,4-thiazolidinedione nucleus (e.g., 2,4-thiazolidinedione, 3-ethyl-2,4-thiazolidinedione, 3-phenyl-2,4-thiazolidinedione, 3-a-naphthyl-2,4-thiazolidinedione, etc.); a thiazolidinone nucleus (e.g., 4-thiazolidinone, 3-ethyl-4-thiazolidinone, 3-phenyl-4-thiazolidinone, 3-a-naphthyl-4-thiazolidinone, etc.); a 2-thiazolin-4-one series (e.g., 2-ethylmercapto-2-thiazolin-4-one, 2-alkylphenyamino-2-thiazolin-4-one, 2-diphenylamino-2-thiazolin-4-one, etc.) a 2-imino-4-oxazolidinone (i.e., pseudohydantoin) series (e.g., 2,4-imidazolidinedione (hydantoin) series (e.g., 2,4-imidazolidinedione, 3-ethyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione, 3-phenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione, 3-a-naphthyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione, 1,3-diethyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione, 3-ethyl-3-phenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione, 1,-ethyl-2-a-naphthyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione, 1 ,3-diphenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione, etc.); a 2-thio-2,4-imidazolidinedione (i.e., 2-thiohydantoin) nucleus (e.g., 2-thio-2,4-imidazolidinedione, 3-ethyl-2-thio-2,4-imidazolidinedione, 3-(2-carboxyethyl)-2-thio-2,4-imidazolidinedione, 3-phenyl-2-thio-2,4-imidazolidinedione, 1,3-diethyl-2-thio-2,4-imidazolidinedione, 1-ethyl-3-phenyl-2-thio-2,4-imidazolidinedione, 1-ethyl-3-naphthyl-2-thio-2,4-imidazolidinedione, 1, 3-diphenyl-2-(thio-2,4-imidazolidinedione, etc.); a 2-imidazolin-5-one nucleus.
G2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted amino group (e.g., primary amino, anilino), or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group (e.g., phenyl, naphthyl, dialkylaminophenyl, tolyl, chlorophenyl, nitrophenyl).
According to the formulas D1-D5, each J represents a methine group. Examples of substituents for the methine groups include alkyl (preferably of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, e.g., methyl, ethyl, etc.) and aryl (e.g., phenyl). Additionally, substituents on the methine groups may form bridged linkages.
W2 represents a counterion as necessary to balance the charge of the dye molecule. Such counterions include cations and anions for example sodium, potassium, triethylammonium, tetramethylguanidinium, diisopropylammonium and tetrabutylammonium, chloride, bromide, iodide, paratoluene sulfonate and the like.
D1 and D2 are each independently aryl groups (preferably of 6 to 15 carbon atoms), or more preferably, alkyl groups (preferably of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms). Examples of aryl include phenyl, tolyl, p-chlorophenyl, and p-methoxyphenyl. Examples of alkyl include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, decyl, dodecyl, etc., and alkyl groups (preferably a lower alkyl containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms), such as a hydroxyalkyl group, e.g., 2-hydroxyethyl, 4-hydroxybutyl, etc., a carboxyalkyl group, e.g., 2-carboxyethyl, 4-carboxybutyl, etc., a sulfoalkyl group, e.g., 2-sulfoethyl, 3-sulfobutyl, 4-sulfobutyl, etc., a sulfatoalkyl group, etc., an acyloxyalkyl group, e.g., 2-acetoxyethyl, 3-acetoxypropyl, 4-butyroxybutyl, etc., an alkoxycarbonlyalkyl group, e.g., 2-methoxycarbonlyethyl, 4-ethoxycarbonylbutyl, etc., or an aralkyl group, e.g., benzyl, phenethyl, etc.
Examples of photobleachable sensitizing dyes useful in the invention are:
The photographic elements of the present invention can be any known photographic elements such as black and white elements, single color elements or multicolor elements. Conventionally multicolor elements contain dye image-forming units sensitive to each of the three primary regions of the spectrum. Each unit can be comprised of a single emulsion layer or of multiple emulsion layers sensitive to a given region of the spectrum. The layers of the element, including the layers of the image-forming units, can be arranged in various orders as known in the art. In an alternative format, the emulsions sensitive to each of the three primary regions of the spectrum can be disposed as a single segmented layer.
A typical multicolor photographic element comprises a support bearing a cyan dye image-forming unit comprised of at least one red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one cyan dye-forming coupler, a magenta dye image-forming unit comprising at least one green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one magenta dye-forming coupler, and a yellow dye image-forming unit comprising at least one blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one yellow dye-forming coupler. The element can contain additional layers, such as filter layers, interlayers, overcoat layers, subbing layers, and the like. All of these can be coated on a support that can be transparent or reflective (for example, a paper support).
Photographic elements can be processed in any of a number of well-known photographic processes utilizing any of a number of well-known processing compositions, described, for example, in T. H. James, editor, The Theory of the Photographic Process, 4th Edition, Macmillan, New York, 1977. In the case of processing a negative working element, the element is treated with a color developer (that is one which will form the colored image dyes with the color couplers), and then with a oxidizer and a solvent to remove silver and silver halide. Preferred color developing agents are p-phenylenediamines. Development is followed by bleach-fixing, to remove silver or silver halide, washing and drying.
According to one embodiment, the element of the invention is a reversal element and comprises a support having thereon in the following order, a red-light sensitive layer having a cyan dye-forming color coupler associated therewith; a green-light sensitive layer having a magenta dye-forming color coupler associated therewith and, and a blue-light sensitive layer having a yellow dye-forming color coupler associated therewith. Color reversal elements are those containing negative-working emulsions and intended to be developed first in a black-and-white developer, which does not form any image dyes, followed by a fogging step, and finally processed in a developer which can form image dyes.
Photographic elements and photographic processing are disclosed in Research Disclosure previously cited.
In the method of the invention, exposition to radiation of the exposed and processed photographic element can be carried out by photoexcitation of the sensitizing dye (i.e., visible to infrared light, depending on the absorption range of the dye) or by photoexcitation of the N-oxyazinium (mostly ultraviolet light). The dye stain reduction is believed to occur as a result of reaction of an alkoxy radical that results from cleavage of the N—O bond of the N-oxyazinium compound as disclosed below.
In the following reaction, the successive reactions are disclosed from a pyridinium compound as N-oxyazinium compound, however it should be understood that the useful compound can be any N-oxyazinium compounds useful in the scope of the invention.
In reactions induced by photoexcitation of a sensitizing dye, it is believed that the excited dye (dye*) transfers an electron to the N-oxyazinium compound to yield an oxidized dye (a dye radical cation, dye.+) and a reduced N-oxyazinium compound (the radical, A.). The alkoxy radical (A.) fragments to give an oxy radical (.OR1) and a nitrogen heterocycle (A). Reaction of the oxy radical with the dye, or more likely with the oxidized dye (dye.+), leads to a colorless compound or a less colored compound thus providing a bleached material.
The feasibility of electron transfer from an excited dye to an N-oxyazinium compound depends on the energetics of the reaction. The reaction energetics are determined by the relative reduction potentials of the photobleachable dye and the N-oxyazinium compound. According to a preferred embodiment, the reduction potential of the N-oxyazinium compound is less negative than that of the photobleachable dye. However the reaction will still take place, although with a somewhat smaller rate constant, if the reduction potential of the N-oxyazinium compound is equal to or is slightly (ca. 0.1 V) more negative than that of the dye to be bleached.
For spectral sensitization of silver halide to occur efficiently using a sensitizing dye, the dye has to have a reduction potential which is either equal to or is more negative than ca −0.9 V, vs. SCE (saturated calomel electrode). Thus, in this embodiment, any N-oxyazinium compound with a reduction potential less negative than ca. −1.2 V would react with all sensitizing dyes.
For sensitizing dyes that have reduction potentials more negative than −0.9 V, the range of the reduction potentials of the N-oxyazinium compounds can be extended in accordance with the general requirement mentioned above.
The reduction potential of the N-oxyazinium compounds can be measured by conventional electrochemical techniques. Alternatively, it can be estimated from the reduction potentials of the corresponding N-alkylazinium compounds that are reported in the literature. The compounds listed above have reduction potentials of −0.9 V or less negative.
As mentioned above, to function as sensitizing dyes, these usually have reduction potentials of ca. −0.9 V or more negative. Thus the energetic requirements mentioned above are met for any dye that is capable of sensitizing silver halide.
It is also believed that reactions via excitation of the N-oxyazinium compounds proceed via fragmentation of the N—O bond of the photoexcited N-oxyazinium compound to yield the radical cation of the nitrogen heterocycle (A.+) and an oxy radical (.OR1). The radical cation (A.+) can abstract an electron from a dye to yield the nitrogen heterocycle (A) and the oxidized dye (a dye radical cation, dye.+). Thus, the same intermediates are ultimately formed (.OR1 and dye. +) whether the reactions are initiated by dye excitation or by excitation of the N-oxyazinium compounds.
In the other embodiment of the invention, the N-oxyazinium salt can be photochemically excited, where bond cleavage yielding an alkoxy radical and the radical cation of the parent compound as mentioned above. It was found that this excitation mode could also lead to bleaching of the dyes. The energetic requirements mentioned above for reactions initiated by the photoexcited dye do not apply to the reactions initiated by photoexcitation of the N-oxyazinium compound. The latter reactions proceed via N—O bond cleavage of the N-oxyazinium compound. The energetics of this reaction depend on the excitation energy of the N-oxyazinium compound and the N—O bond dissociation energy. N-oxyazinium compounds with first absorption maxima in the UV range or around 400 nm have excitation energies far exceeding the energy required to break the N—O bond.
In the method of the invention, the N-oxyazinium compound can be brought into contact with the photographic material in several ways. The N-oxyazinium compound can be for example incorporated into the photographic element. According to this embodiment, the N-oxyazinium is preferably incorporated in the image-forming layer containing the photobleachable sensitizing dye. In this case the N-oxyazinium compound can be ballasted to alter its solubility and mobility. According to another embodiment, the N-oxyazinium compound is in aqueous solution, the exposed and processed photographic material being contacted with this aqueous N-oxyazinium compound containing solution and then exposed to suitable radiation.
In the method of the present invention, the exposed and processed photographic element is then exposed to radiation. Radiations that can be used are any radiations capable of producing the photobleaching of the dye. Radiations are selected according to the nature of the dye and for the N-oxyazinium compound. The method of the invention can be accomplished by a number of light sources. These include ambient room light from a fluorescent or incandescent lamps, from flash light, mercury or xenon light sources. The UV light may be filtered out by appropriate filters for selective exposure of the residual sensitizing dyes or unfiltered light may be used to excite both the dyes and the N-oxyazinium compounds. Alternatively, mostly UV light sources such as phosphor-coated low-pressure mercury lamps (300 to 350 nm) could be used. The exposure time varies from a few milliseconds when flash lamps are used to several tens of seconds when low intensity light sources are used.
Next, a more detailed description of the invention will be made. However, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
A gelatin coating of the sensitizing dye D-2 on a transparent support was dipped for 60 sec. in a 0.3 wt % solution of N-methoxy-4-phenylpyridinium tosylate in ambient laboratory lights. The wet coating was then exposed to a 10K foot-candle quartz halogen lamp for 20 sec., followed by air drying. As control, the same coating was dipped in distil water, followed by similar light exposure and air-drying. The coating dipped in the bleaching solution showed an optical density of only 0.025 at 559 nm, whereas the control coating had an optical density of 0.209 at 559 nm (λmax. of the dye).
Two samples of Kodak Professional Ektachrome E 100� film were used for these experiments. Filtered and neutral step exposures were given to both of these samples and they were processed by E-6 Kodak processing. The red, green, and blue Transmission Status A densities for the 18 steps were measured before and after the dipping experiments.
As control, a sample of the film was dipped into distilled water for 60 seconds and then was exposed to 100 Watt of halogen lamps (1 inch from the source, total residence time for the coating was 60 seconds), washed with water, and was dried overnight. The measured Transmission Status A densities are reported in Table 1. The vast majority of the densities in all three channels remain within +/−0.01 of the pretreatment values.
A second sample of the film was dipped into a freshly made 0.25% solution of N-methoxy-4-phenylpyridinium tosylate in water for 60 seconds and then was exposed to 100 Watt of halogen lamps (1 inch from the source, total residence time for the coating was 60 seconds), washed with water, and was dried overnight. The measured Transmission Status A densities are reported in Table 2.
For almost all the steps, the green densities were reduced by 0.02 unit, whereas for the blue and red the predominant majority of the values reflected the pattern showed by the control group (changes of +/−0.01 unit). This data is very consistent with the removal of the residual green and red sensitizing dyes remaining in the films after processing. The remaining red sensitizing dyes would give rise to green densities as they are present in the monomeric forms. This experiment also shows that the cyan, magenta, and the yellow image dyes present in this film are stable under such bleaching conditions.
Kodak Ektacolor Edge 5 Paper and RA-4 processing without any Blankophor Reu� in the developer was used for this experiment. These dry papers were dipped for 15 sec. in a solution containing 2.5 g/L of N-methoxy-4-phenylpyridinium tosylate under ambient laboratory lights, followed by 10 sec. of 10K foot-candle intensity light from a tungsten quartz halogen lamp exposure, 20 sec. distil water wash, and air-dried overnight in the dark. As control, a paper sample was subjected to all the similar light exposures, wash and drying, except that it was dipped in distil water free of N-alkoxyazinium for 15 sec.
The reflectance status A densities of the samples were measured. In the Dmin areas the control showed 0.01 higher density in the blue channel, whereas the red and green had identical densities. This is consistent with bleaching of the retained blue sensitizing dye.
Kodak Ektacolor Edge 5 Paper and RA-4 Kodak processing with 0.25 g/L Blankophor Reu� in the developer was used for this experiment. Blankophor Reu� is known to reduce dye stain. Samples of this dry paper were dipped for 15 sec. in a solution containing 2.5 g/L of N-methoxy-4-phenylpyridinium tosylate under ambient laboratory lights, followed by 10 sec. of 10K foot-candle intensity light from a tungsten quartz halogen lamp exposure, 20 sec. distil water wash, and air-dried overnight in the dark. As control, a sample of the same paper was subjected to all the similar light exposures, wash and drying, except that it was dipped in distil water free of N-alkoxyazinium for 15 sec.
The reflectance status A densities of the samples were measured at four different areas of the stepped exposure regions. For the vast majority of the areas with neutral and filtered exposures, only the blue densities in the yellow exposure areas and the yellow component of the neutral areas show a 0.01 to 0.02 density reduction in the blue channel. This is consistent with the bleaching of the retained blue sensitizing dye and the image dyes being unaffected by such a treatment.
The data is tabulated in table 4 below:
Kodak Professional Ektachrome E100S� Film samples were processed using E-6 process with prebleach II wherein the final rinse bath contained 1 g/L of the N-methoxy-4-phenylpyridinium tosylate. A time series of 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, and 180 seconds residence times in this final rinse bath under ambient laboratory lights were carried out. The Dmin. areas of the 2 stops overexposed films were analyzed spectrophotometrically for residual sensitizing dye stains. The optical densities of the two sensitizing peaks decreased gradually as the residence time in the final rinse increased. The optical density at 508 nm dropped from 0.158 to 0.128. The optical density at 575 nm dropped from 0.163 to 0. 142. The image dye densities of the samples were unchanged.
Kodak Ektacolor Edge 5 Paper and RA-4 Kodak processing without any Blankophor Reu� in the developer was used for this experiment. Samples of this dry paper containing D-19 were dipped in 0.5 wt % of N-methoxy-4-phenylpyridinium tosylate solutions in the ambient laboratory lights or in the dark room for 20 sec., followed by 60 sec. of ambient light exposure (the sample which was dipped in the dark was kept also in the dark for this time period), 20 sec. distil water wash (the sample which was dipped in the dark was kept also in the dark for this time period), and air dried in the dark. A control example was carried out by dipping a paper sample in distil water. All the samples dipped in the N-methoxy-4-phenylpyridinium tosylate solution had less yellow stain as evidenced by the drop in the reflectance density of the broad peak between 470 to 520 nm. The image dye density of the samples was unchanged.
Kodak Professional Ektachrome E100S� film samples were processed using E-6 Kodak� process. These films were dipped into 6 mM solutions containing N-methoxy-4-phenylpyridinium tosylate (invention), N-methoxy-3-phenylpyridinium tosylate (invention), and N-ethyl-4-phenylpyridinium tosylate (comparative example) for 5 minutes at ambient laboratory lights, followed by air-drying in the dark. The Dmin. areas of the 2 stops overexposed films were analyzed spectrophotometrically for residual sensitizing dye stains.
The optical densities for the film dipped in solution containing the comparative compound N-ethyl-4-phenylpyridinium tosylate were 0.140 and 0.155 at 508 nm and 575 nm, respectively. The optical densities for the films dipped in N-methoxy-4-phenylpyridinium tosylate solution were 0.095 and 0.118 at 508 nm and 575 nm, respectively. The optical densities for the films dipped in N-methoxy-3-phenylpyridinium tosylate solution were 0.108 and 0.128 at 508 nm and 575 nm, respectively. These improvements are consistent with the bleaching of the retained red and green sensitizers with the compounds of this invention, whereas the N-ethyl analog is unable to reduce the sensitizing dye stain.
In these experiments, solutions containing N-methoxy-4-phenylpyridinium tosylate and various classes of dyes were conducted in order to monitor the photo-bleaching efficiencies.
A methanolic solution of a dye indicated below (1.5 ml) was added to a methanolic solution of N-methoxy-4-phenylpyridinium tosylate (3.5 ml of 56 mMolar solution) in a clear glass vial. The concentration of the dye solution was such that the resulting mixture had an optical density of approximately 1.0 at the λmax of the dye. The resulting mixture was shaken to allow complete mixing. The vial was placed on top of a regular Light Table (normal 40 Watt Cool White fluorescent lamp illumination) for 15 minutes.
A vial containing the same dye solution and the appropriate amount of methanol without any reagent was subjected to the same Light Table exposure. This was used as the control. Absorption spectrum was run for the experimental solution and the control.
The percent bleaching was calculated by comparing the optical densities of the experimental solution and the control at the λmax of the dye.
Table 5 contains the solution photo-bleaching data for the sensitizing dyes.
This data shows that a large variety of spectral sensitizing dyes can be photobleached with a photobleaching solution containing N-methoxy-4-phenyl pyridinium.
In these experiments, solutions containing as N-oxyazinium, the compounds listed in table 6 below and the sensitizing dye D-1 were conducted in order to monitor the photo-bleaching efficiencies under similar conditions of example 7.
The photo-bleaching data of each of the solutions are given in Table 6.
The solution photo-bleaching data are given in Table 6.
A green sensitizing dye D-15 was coated with ten equivalents of N-methoxy-4-phenylpyridinium tosylate with gelatin. The dry coating was exposed 25 min. to 10 K foot-candles of intensity of light from tungsten quartz halogen lamp through a 2E Wratten Filter (no transmission below 410 nm). The optical density at the λmax. (508 nm) dropped by 90% (from 0.10 to 0.01) when compared to the control wherein the coating was free of alkoxypyridinium but exposed to the same light source.
When these coatings were even slightly dampened with small amount of water, the photo-bleaching efficiencies increase very significantly (at least 100 times faster bleaching were noticed). This slow efficiency in photo-bleaching the sensitizing dyes in dry coatings results from the need for the excited dye and photo-bleach reagents to be in very close proximity in order for the photo-bleaching to be successful. When mobility is imparted to either the dye or the reagent—for example with the dampened coatings the photobleaching is very efficient.
The invention has been described in detail with particular reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be understood that variations and modifications can be effected within the spirit and scope of the invention.
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- About SIM
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Bart Bolton | Facilitator | firstname.lastname@example.com | 508.529.3532
Karen Calvert recently retired from Mary Kay where she was Vice President within the Information Services and Technology division. She was responsible for setting direction for infrastructure and technology activities, globally, including enterprise architecture; collaboration and HR technologies; business intelligence solutions; global data center operations; data, network and infrastructure services; information security and IT asset management and financial services. In addition to these responsibilities Karen also Co-Lead Mary Kay's Culture Committee, was a Wellness Ambassador for the company's Wellness Program and a Leadership Mentor in their Mentee-Mentor Program.
Karen is currently looking forward to the next chapter of her life where she plans on continuing her passion for coaching/mentoring business leaders and volunteering for worthy non-profit organizations.
Karen began her career as a Research Scientist after graduating from Hartwick College with a B.A. degree in Chemistry. She currently lives in Austin, Texas with her husband, Burton, and has 2 grown children. During the years raising their children, Karen volunteered as an EMT, coached youth soccer and was President of a youth soccer league.
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Ricky John recently returned from the Middle East/Asia, in particular Iraq and Afghanistan, where He served Kellogg, Brown & Root (KBR) in an ever-changing, high-powered environment, providing training and education to American, Iraqi and Afghan personal as part of KBR's support of the global war on terrorism. With a dynamic presentation style and clear understanding of corporate objectives, He trained thousands in group and individual sessions.
Prior to Ricky's work overseas, He served as a facilitator for SIM's Regional Leadership Forum (RLF) for several years.
Currently, Ricky started an innovative healthy vending company called healty2organic in an effort to improve healthy food options in the workplace. He continues to have the pleasure of speaking nationally on a wide range of topics to include Principle Based Leadership in a Multicultural Environment, Ethical Behavior as a Guiding Principle, Zero Accident Workplaces, Active Listening and Making a Lasting Difference in the Lives of others.
Ricky is an active scuba diver, photographer and archeologist. He is the Father of five and Grandfather of two.
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Cheryl has over 24 years' experience as a leader in both IT and Business. In IT she has led development, testing and various support functions; in the business and operations area, she has led PMOs, testing, shared services and multiple support areas, as well as strategic planning and execution functions.She is currently a VP at Travelers in Business Insurance. In addition, she has led the creation and direction of several leadership and technical development programs in IT at both CIGNA and Travelers and was instrumental in expanding the use of RLF at CIGNA by establishing an internal program.
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1962 Chevy Corvette Roadster. Finished in incredible Roman red paint matched with a red vinyl interior. Powered by the numbers matching 327CI 360HP V8... More
1956 Chevrolet Suburban350 cui small block Chevy. Automatic column shift transmission. 10 bolt rear end. Painted two stage Orange & Ivory. Tan leather bucket... More
1967 Corvette Convertible - Complete Frame-Off Restoration. Equipped with its Numbers Matching 427/390hp V8 (3904351 Block Casting) and 4 Speed Manual Transmission. Code 988... More
Full description and photos of this New Arrival at Volo Auto Museum will be posted soon. If you would like first shot at this... More
At the time, these cars offered a striking new beauty never before associated with a car priced so low. The striking new radiator, the... More
Then and now, thousands of eyes were / are focused on Chevrolet Trucks because these trucks were the most powerful, finest performing, best looking... More
409ci. V/8, dual 4-barrel carburetors, 4-speed transmission, frame off restored, red/red.... More
1966 Chevy Impala - Hard top with a 396 Big Block 4 Speed with Manual Transmission. Super Straight Triple Black with Rally Wheels /... More
Own the boulevard in style while behind the wheel of this 1934 Chevrolet Three Window Coupe. A full custom interior awaits you with bucket... More
1959 Chevrolet Pickup "Sin-Plicity"358 cui fuel injected motor with Roller Rockers & 10.1 compression. 700R4 Automatic Overdrive transmission. Painted in a Deep Black Gloss... More
Complete description and photos of this New Arrival at Volo Auto Museum will be posted soon. If you would like more information about this... More
The car has won awards from California to Florida, including a class award at the Grand National Roadster Show, various Goodguys shows, Super Chevy... More
Two Tone paint, Upgraded power, Blend of Stock, Old School, and Restomod, 2 sets of Wheels and Tires.. Gorgeous Two Tone, first year of the... More
This 1956 Chevrolet Belair Coupe features a 350 C.I. 8cyl Gasoline engine. It is equipped with a 4 Speed Automatic transmission. The vehicle is... More
Real Survivor, Mostly original & unrestored. Owned by same family for approximately 47 years, 27K actual mileage. This car is truly a remarkable preservation of... More
Car and truck production in 1958 was down due to the recession and well appointed examples of these vehicles are rare. This was also... More
Car and truck production in 1958 was down due to the recession and well appointed examples of these vehicles are rare. This was also... More
Car and truck production in 1958 was down due to the recession and well appointed examples of these vehicles are rare. This was also... More
1966 Chevrolet Nova SS. This 5 speed Nova is ready to take to the streets and loaded with customizations. Under the hood roars a... More
1953 Chevrolet 3600 Stepside Pickup finished in silver and blue two tone paint with a clean black interior. Powered by a 350CI crate V8... More
1963 Corvette Coupe - Original Engine and driveline not re-stamped - Original Trim tag and VIN Plate. Real red car. - Authentic, comprehensive Body off restoration by... More
1969 Corvette Convertible 427/400HP, Original engine and driveline not restamped. This is a very highly optioned 69 with a tri power 427, air conditioning,... More
1937 Chevrolet Sedan Delivery Master Deluxe350 cui small block Chevy. Automatic TH350 transmission with Lokar floor shifter. Painted Solar Fusion Yellow. Custom Saddle ultra-leather... More
NOT FOR SALE Just completed in house build. Features a meticulously restored 60 Vette body on a Street Shop C4 based chassis, Baer brakes, Billet... More
1984 Chevrolet Corvette. 23000 Original Miles! The Chevrolet Corvette (C4) is a sports car produced by the Chevrolet division of General Motors for the 1984... More


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Restrictions - and sheer numbers - make it difficult for Shelby County judicial candidates to draw attention
Late last month, as Karen Massey went about the every-eight-years task of convincing Shelby Countians to give her a job as a General Sessions Court judge, something went wrong.
She was with a friend at a home on Raleigh-Lagrange Road inserting a 4-foot by 4-foot square campaign sign. The signs are anchored to a pair of 6-foot metal poles, and they were driving those poles into the ground with a metal pole driver. Once Massey thought the first pole was fully into the ground, she stretched in to tie on the top of the sign.
One problem: The pole driver had one more jolt to give, and when Massey leaned in, it struck her on the right cheek.
For the woman in the black robe, the manual labor of campaigning dealt her a black eye. "
"I do believe I'm the only candidate with a shiner," she wrote in an e-mail.
Massey, the incumbent in General Sessions Criminal Court Division 11, shared her story in a condensed form at a forum for judicial candidates the Memphis chapter of the Association for Women Attorneys and the Informed Voters Project held late last month at the Benjamin Hooks Central Library. Judges were spread around tables, some with tchotchkes in front of them for the voters that were to come by after each judge got one minute at a microphone. The room was rimmed with people listening, though that might be more of a commentary on the size of the room — and size of the ballot.
Eighty-one candidates are running for 40 judgeships in the Aug. 7 general election. Early voting begins July 18.
Judicial ethics conspire to make campaigning for those votes a bit awkward. Some 3,000 words of Tennessee's judicial canon of ethics are dedicated to what judges or candidates can — or mostly can't — do in a campaign. They can't make promises or pledges, and they can't directly be involved in fundraising. It's the former, along with the sheer number of gavels up for grabs, that make distinguishing between candidates difficult for the average voter, and what makes judicial elections distinct from others on the ballot.
It's different from the three decades of campaigning Jim Kyle made for the state Senate. Kyle, who has represented a Memphis district in the General Assembly since 1983, is running for an open seat on Chancery Court — Division 2, for those of you keeping score at home — and will leave his Senate seat if elected.
As a legislator, he could tell prospective voters where he has stood on issues and comment on ongoing ones. On the judicial campaign trail, he has to watch what he says.
"Running a judge's race is really like, 'Who's for you?' I call it a race of validation," Kyle said.
To get that validation, candidates will go to great lengths.
At the Hooks library forum, General Sessions Divison 1 candidate Sheila Bruce-Renfroe had T-shirts bearing her name. Division 7 incumbent Bill Anderson Jr. had nail files. Criminal Court Division 5 Judge Jim Lammey wore both a U.S. flag and a St. Jude hospital lapel pin.
And in a bit of a surprise for judges who rap gavels and direct a courtroom, no small number of them appeared a bit nervous.
Some told personal stories. Circuit Court Division 8 candidate Cedrick D. Wooten said he spent a decade as a teacher in Memphis City Schools. Another Division 8 candidate, Charles W. McDonald, said he's spent 25 years as a lawyer, and in 16 of them was involved in pursuing one particular malpractice suit.
His platform? Quicker trials.
"And I mean speed them up," he said to applause.
Many spoke calmly and softly. Probate Court Division 1 candidate Damita Dandridge, though, gave the microphone its hardest workout of the night. She built up her qualifications and was yelling by the time she offered this one: "I've been a magistrate for over 12 years!"
There was some criticism. Criminal Court Division 1 incumbent Paula Skahan said that "neither of my opponents have even handled a case in Division 1." Stressing experience seemed particularly acute among the incumbents in Criminal Court.
To drive home that point, some cited stats. Division 3 Judge Bobby Carter said he had presided over 100 jury trials. Division 7 Judge Lee Coffee said he had presided over 35 first-degree murder trials as a judge and participated in 80 as a lawyer.
Criminal Court Division 3 candidate Latonya Sue Burrow's request was less topical: "I ask for your vote, I ask for your support, and I ask for your prayers."
The judicial candidate's challenge is amplified by the sheer number of them, and the sheer number of offices. General Sessions has 15 divisions alone. And the ballot will feature races from six different courts — Chancery, Circuit, Criminal, General Sessions, Juvenile and Probate. (And that's not mentioning the statewide retention elections, which will give voters 23 judges to retain or replace.)
Yard and street-corner signs of various colors and fonts, along with billboards, help build name recognition. But it's likely a stretch to think voters can assign those names to the proper court and division as they can, say, Joe Brown to the district attorney general race or Mark Luttrell to the county mayoral election. Outside parties attempt to offer guidance through the maze, such as the Memphis Bar Association, which polled Shelby County lawyers as to the qualifications of the judges on the ballot and released those results to the public last week.
Both the county Democrat and Republican parties have offered a list of candidates they endorse, too. (A list of endorsements is included below.) But unlike the aforementioned countywide races, judicial elections are technically nonpartisan.
"It's a different animal," Kyle said. "And the number of races are very important."
By the end of the library forum, U.S. Rep. Steve Cohen walked in the door. Exercising a bit of a congressman's privilege, Cohen, who himself is running for re-election against two Democratic primary challengers, asked for the microphone. His kept his remarks short, then Cohen, with a nod to his brief career as an interim General Sessions judge before he was elected to the state Senate in the early 1980s, smiled and summed up the night.
"This is a hell of a process," Cohen said.
Contested Shelby County judicial races:
Circuit Court
Div. 1: Julie Dichtel Byrd, Felicia Corbin-Johnson, Leah J. Roen, Kyle Wiggins
Div. 2: Kevin E. Reed, James F. Russell, Robert A. Wampler
Div. 3: D'Army Bailey, Lee Ann Pafford Dobson
Div. 4: Gina Carol Higgins, Matthew Steven Russell
Div. 5: Joseph E. "Joe" Garrett, Rhynette Northcross Hurd, Dwight T. Moore
Div. 8: Venita Martin Andrews, Charles W. McDonald, Robert "Bob" Weiss, Cedrick D. Wooten
Chancery Court
Part 1: Walter L. Evans, Michael Richards
Part 2: Ken Besser, Jim Kyle, Jim Newsom, Paul A. Robinson Jr.
Probate Court
Div. 1: Damita Dandridge, Kathleen N. Gomes, Richard Parks
Div. 2: Danny W. Kail, Karen D. Webster
Criminal Court
Div. 1: Michael G. Floyd, Nigel R. Lewis, Paula Skahan
Div. 3: Latonya Sue Burrow, Bobby Carter
Div. 5: Jim Lammey, Mozella T. Ross
Div. 6: John W. Campbell, Alicia Howard
Div. 7: Kenya Brooks, Lee V. Coffee
Div. 9: Christine Cane, Mark Ward
General Sessions Court
Div. 1, Civil: Sheila Bruce-Renfroe, Lynn Cobb
Div. 2, Civil: Phyllis B. Gardner, Myra May-Hamilton
Div. 3, Civil: John A. Donald, David L. Pool
Div. 5, Civil: Ellen Fite, Betty Thomas Moore
Div. 6, Civil: Christian Johnson, Lonnie Thompson
Div. 7, Criminal: Bill Anderson Jr., James Jones Jr.
Div. 8, Criminal: Tim J. Dwyer, J. Nathan Toney
Div. 9, Criminal: Melissa Boyd, Joyce Broffitt, Gerald Skahan
Div. 10, Criminal: Cathy Anderson-Kent, Chris Turner
Div. 11, Criminal: Mischelle Alexander-Best, Karen Lynne Massey
Div. 12, Criminal: Bryan A. Davis, S. Ronald (Ron) Lucchesi, Gwen Rooks
Div. 14, Criminal (Environmental): Kim Gilmore-Sims, Larry Potter
Juvenile Court
Sole seat: Dan Holman Michael, Tarik B. Sugarmon
Learn more about the candidates
While not providing endorsements of the candidates, the Memphis Bar Association released last week its qualification poll for judges. It asked all Shelby County attorneys to rate which judge in each race was most qualified. Find the results of that poll here.
Both county political parties have offered a slate of endorsements. Each party chairman shared their list with The CA and they're included below, with both contested and uncontested races:
Democrats: Corbin-Johnson, Reed, Bailey, Higgins, Hurd, Jerry Stokes, Wooten, Robert L. (Butch) Childers, Evans, Kyle, Kenny Armstrong, Parks, Kail, P. Skahan, Glenn Wright, Burrow, Carolyn Wade Blackett, Ross, Howard, Coffee, Cane, James C. Beasley Jr., Bruce-Renfroe, May-Hamilton, Pool, Moore, Thompson, Jones, Dwyer, G. Skahan, Anderson-Kent, Alexander-Best, Rooks, Louis Montesi, Gilmore-Sims, Loyce Lambert Ryan, Sugarmon.
Republicans: Russell, Dobson, Higgins, Stokes, Weiss, Newsom, Armstrong, Wright, Carter, Lammey, Campbell, Coffee, Chris Craft, Ward, Beasley, Cobb, Gardner, Henderson, Anderson, Dwyer, Broffitt, Turner, Massey, Lucchesi, Montesi, Potter, Michael.
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The Minuteman Commons strives to be the center of the Hanscom community. From live music & "First Friday" parties in The Tavern to function space to massage therapy and more, you'll find it at the Commons!
Fight Night Frenzy | July 11
Watch #UFC 189 at The Tavern
Doors open at 6:30 p.m.
Cost: Non-members: $7 | Members: FREE
Ages 18+ event
Paid advertisements. No federal endorsement of advertisers intended.
Room Selection and Set Up
Want to reserve a room at the Commons, but not sure which one will best suit your needs? Check out our room selection guide- view set up options for the Ballroom, Musket and Heritage rooms (please see Commons staff for options in The Tavern and Den.)
*Minuteman Commons reservations are available only to Hanscom Base ID cardholders, including active duty, reservists, DoD civilians, NAF employees, base contractors, retirees and authorized family members.
Retail kiosk available for rent
The kiosk measures 6x2.5 feet at the base and stands over 7 feet tall.
Rent it for just
• $10/day
• $50/week (Monday to Saturday)
Call (781) 225-6501 or stop by our front desk for more information.
The Alli and EMI Band | June 25
5 p.m.- 7 p.m.
For more information, please contact the Commons at 781-225-6501.
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text: We stayed at Nina Kochar's for 3 nights in January. It was perfect. Just round the corner from the Metro in a relaxed quiet spot but easily accessible to anywhere you would want to go in Delhi, lovely roof garden with kites (the birds) in the trees, good bookshelves, interesting art and generally charming apartment and Nina herself is a... More


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How did three Danes end up being tortured in Lebanon?
What a crisis has done to the people of Greece
24 Feb 2014 10:09 GMT | Africa
Somalia's al-Qaeda-linked rebel group, al-Shabab, has vowed to recapture all Somali territory that it lost in the past year during battles with government forces and African Union peacekeepers.
In an exclusive interview with Al Jazeera conducted earlier this month, al-Shabab spokesman Sheikh Ali Dheere said the rebel group was not on the back foot despite the recent losses.
"Al-Shabab leaving those towns only shows a change of tactics. We will not be finished. Somalia belongs to al-Shabab. The land and the people are ours. We will not leave our land because of an enemy," Ali Dheere said, adding that there was no chance of holding talks with the government.
Somalia's President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud last week said the group will be finished by end of 2014. However, al-Shabab carried out a daring attack on the presidential palace on Friday leaving at least a dozen people dead.
The group has also targeted Turkish nationals and organisations in the capital, Mogadishu, recently. Ali Dheere said they are "legitimate targets".
"The biggest enemy of the Muslim people is NATO and Turkey is part of NATO. NATO is a union of Christians. NATO uses Turkey as hammer to crush the Muslim people."
"Anywhere we see Turkish people, they are no different to us than the Americans, the British and AMISOM," Ali Dheere told Al Jazeera's Hamza Mohamed in Bulo Mareer.
Follow Hamza Mohamed on Twitter: @Hamza_Africa
Source: Al Jazeera
Mogadishu police say 14 people, including nine fighters, killed in suicide bomb and gun assault, but president unharmed.
Politics, Africa, Somalia
Rebel group says anyone caught using internet outside internet cafes will be considered to be working with the "enemy".
Science & Technology, Africa, Somalia
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