text:
Peugeot Avenue Paris: a new look for the Champs-Elysées showroom
The PEUGEOT AVENUE brand showroom, which welcomes more than 2.5 million visitors a year at its prestigious 136 Avenue des Champs-Elysées address, is reopening after a 5-month closure for remodelling. The result is a completely redesigned space that reasserts the company's ambitions in terms of brand image and consumer events.
On the world's grandest avenue, PEUGEOT accompanies the upscaling of the brand by transforming its brand showroom, Peugeot Avenue, created in 2000, which is to reopen following a 5-month remodelling programme.
Visitors are greeted by a new frontage, adorned with a black and blue tinted window, from which the stylised head of a leaping lion emerges. Inside, the 300-sqm space reveals sophisticated, elegant design features: acute angles, clean lines, shiny geometric surfaces and illuminated embedments, in the style of a luxury store. The transformation enhances and highlights the musculature of the concept cars and some of the make's iconic vehicles on show. The designer Marc Ange, founder of the Bloom Room agency, explains his vision: "I wanted the Peugeot image to excite a fascination for mechanical force, speed and the animal power of the lion… In other words, to be a physical illustration of PEUGEOT's contemporary elegance".
A dynamic, participative space sparking experience and emotion
The prestigious premises are first and foremost a vehicle for the brand's image as well as a space where PEUGEOT and the public come together. Visitors gain knowledge of the brand and experience it in the true sense of the word. To make these exchanges and the brand experience more dynamic, Peugeot Avenue will offer more interactive features and some didactic, fun experiences to surprise visitors of all ages – more than 2.5 million people come through its doors every year, more than half of whom are foreign visitors.
New exhibition in Peugeot Avenue Champs Elysees paris
For its latest event "Urban Life in Color", Peugeot Avenue Paris is promoting its newest small city car, the PEUGEOT 108, accompanied by the innovative BB1 concept car. The city is the perfect playground for these two vehicles which are displayed within a universe created by
DARCO. This iconic graff and tag artist has given the walls of Peugeot Avenue Paris a new makeover, creating a space totally dedicated to street art.
The PEUGEOT 108 is the brand's newest small city car, launched in June 2014; perfect for nipping through city traffic, it is completely at home in this new urban showcase. Alongside it stands the 108
Tattoo concept by x0il, exhibited in Geneva in 2014; this pushes the exterior and interior customisation of the 108 range to its very limit: there are eight shades, seven customised themes and three interior finishes available.
The BB1 concept car
The PEUGEOT BB1 concept car naturally fits into this urban setting. Exhibited at the Frankfurt Motor Show in 2009, the BB1 concept car – an innovative, fully electric vehicle – offers a brand new driving
experience and reinvents every aspect of the car: architecture, style, interior design, drive, connectivity and respect for the environment.
Digital graffiti
Urban Life in Color is also a digital graffiti event which invites visitors to Peugeot Avenue Paris toexpress their creativity by becoming a street artist themselves or by creating an environment around
the PEUGEOT 108. There will be a prize for the top ten works of art.
Peugeot Avenue, 136 Avenue des Champs-Elysées, 75008 Paris.
"Language Spoken English French Brazilian Arab Spanish German" There...
I find super the showroom of Peugeot in top of Champs. With frequent changes in...
I am not the kind of person who loves window-shopping, and walking through the Champs...


text:
Thanks for redeeming.{{else}}
Success! Thanks for repurchasing.{{/if}} {{else}} {{#if Expired}}
Increase my visibility!{{else}} {{#if IsMultiPack}}
{{#if HasMultiPack}} You have {{MultiPackCount}} top spot(s) left. Now loading you into the search listings... {{else}} You have used all top spots. Now loading you into the search listings... {{/if}}{{else}}
We are loading you into the search listing pages...{{/if}} {{/if}} {{/if}} {{/if}}
{{Current}} just saw you!{{/if}} {{#if LastTopSpotPurchaseIsMulti }} {{#if HasAnyTopSpot}}
{{#if HasFreeTopSpot }} {{ UnclaimedTopSpotFree }} Free {{/if}} {{#if HasPaidTopSpot }} {{#if HasFreeTopSpot }} & {{/if}} {{ MultiPackCount }} {{/if}} Top Spot{{#if Plural}}s{{/if}} Left{{else}}
0 Top Spot{{#if Plural}}s{{/if}} Left{{/if}} {{else}} {{#if HasFreeTopSpot }}
{{ UnclaimedTopSpotFree }} Top Spot{{#if Plural}}s{{/if}} Left{{/if}} {{/if}} {{else}} {{#if HasResults}}
{{Current}} see you now!{{else}} {{/if}} {{/if}}
You can now invite anyone to meet at your favorite Starbucks.
Limited-time feature
44 year old man | South Gate, CA, USA | Seeking women 24-45 in California, United States
I'm a hard working man. Looking for a special person. To get to know, thats is looking to get aquainted and enjoy life together
I am looking for a women that likes to laugh, thinks that a good time doesn't mean being at a club every weekend. But, at the same time enjoys dancing and having a good time. I think that if anything I'll gain a friend and they will as well.
Camping , Coffee and conversation , Dining out , Fishing/Hunting , Hobbies and crafts , Movies/Videos , Museums and art , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Nightclubs/Dancing , Playing sports , Travel/Sightseeing , Video games
Baseball, Basketball, Bowling, Dancing, Football, Other types of exercise, Running, Swimming, VolleyBall, Walking / Hiking, Weights / Machines
I exercise 1-2 times per week.
I like Dogs
dont have any right now
Middle of the Road
spend time whit my 3 daughters
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What he is looking for
|5'7" (170cms)
|5'5" (165cms) to 5'8" (172cms)
|Body type:
|About average
|Black, Blue, Brown, Grey, Green, Hazel
|Auburn / Red, Black, Light brown, Dark brown, Blonde, Dark blonde
|No Way
|No Way
|Social Drinker
|Social Drinker
|Other profession
|No preference
|I'll tell you later
|No preference
|Never Married
|Never Married, Widow / Widower, Divorced
|Have kids:
|Yes, and they live away from home (3)
|Yes, and they sometimes live at home, Yes, and they live at home
|Wants kids:
|Not sure
|No preference
|Latino / Hispanic
|Asian, Black / African descent, East Indian, Latino / Hispanic, Middle Eastern, Native American, Pacific Islander, White / Caucasian, Other
|Christian / Catholic
|Christian / Catholic, Other
|English, Spanish
|English, Spanish, Other
|High school
|High school, Some college

subset: commoncrawl


text:
This Week's Front Page
More than 100 youth participated in the Dan Macaya Soccer Camp last week at the Ione Street fields in Camas. When Macaya, who played soccer at and graduated from Camas High School and Concordia University, first started the event nine years ago 15 kids attended. The camp has continued to grow and expand each year.
Bridget Carrick
Help make a difference. Get involved in the Clark County community.
Tuesday, July 7 - 8:00p.m.
Thursday, July 9 - 7:30a.m.
View all events


text:
School Overview
|Religious Affiliation
|Seventh-Day Adventist
|Grades Offered
|Grades Kindergarten - 8
Student Body
|Total Students
|207 students
|Student Body Type
|% Students of Color
State avg.: 27%
|Students by Grade
Academics and Faculty
|Total Classroom Teachers
|9 teachers
|Student : Teacher Ratio
National avg.: 13:1
|Classroom Dress Code
Finances and Admission
|Admission Deadline
|None / Rolling
|Tuition Notes
|Please contact the school for tuition information
School Notes:
Buena Vista Seventh-day Adventist School exists to lead each of its children into a close and saving relationship with Jesus Christ. Throught His grace we seek to prepare them mentally, physically, and spiritually for a place in His service. We treasure each child who enters here as a gift of God.
Nearby Schools:
- School Location Miles Students Grades
AuburnAuburn Adventist Academy
5000 Auburn Way S
Auburn, WA 98092
(253)939-5000(Seventh-Day Adventist)0.3 mi | 306 students | Gr. 9-12
AuburnValley Christian School
1312 2nd Street Se
Auburn, WA 98002
(253)833-3541(Methodist)3.1 mi | 110 students | Gr. PK-8
AuburnHoly Family Catholic School
505 17th St Se
Auburn, WA 98002
(253)833-8688(Roman Catholic)3.2 mi | 200 students | Gr. PK-8
AuburnPromised Land Christian Learning Center
Po Box 1049
Auburn, WA 98071
(253)833-2466Montessori School (Christian)3.8 mi | 66 students | Gr. K-3
AuburnGreen River Montessori
1116 Harvey Rd and 922 12th NE
Auburn, WA 98002
(253)833-7010Montessori School3.9 mi | 143 students | Gr. NS-8


text:
City of Kelowna to challenge federal riding changes
The federal electoral commission is proposing new boundaries for ridings in the southern Interior, and the changes don't sit well with the City of Kelowna.
The redrawing happens once a decade, after a census. The goal is to make ridings roughly the same size, about 100,000 people.
This time there's a plan that would separate downtown Kelowna from the rest of the city.
Downtown would join West Kelowna and Summerland, into a new riding called Central Okanagan-Coquihalla. The rest of the city would stay in Kelowna-Lake Country.
As Kelowna mayor Walter Gray explains to Daybreak host Chris Walker, the proposed changes just don't make sense and will try to get them altered.
Download Flash Player to view this content.
Past coverage on the proposed electoral boundary changes
- Conservatives and NDP say riding changes 'problematic'
- Political analyst calls federal riding changes 'confusing'
Categories: News
Comments on this story are moderated according to our Submission Guidelines. Comments are welcome while open. We reserve the right to close comments at any time.
Note: The CBC does not necessarily endorse any of the views posted. By submitting your comments, you acknowledge that CBC has the right to reproduce, broadcast and publicize those comments or any part thereof in any manner whatsoever. Please note that comments are moderated and published according to our submission guidelines.
Air Times
|CBC Radio One 88.9 FM Kelowna
|Weekdays 5:30 to 8:37 a.m.
|CBC Radio One 94.1 FM Kamloops
|Weekdays 5:30 to 8:37 a.m.
Featured AudioAll show audio »
- Sort By:
- Latest
- Most Listened


text:
"Used these as my son's birthday party thank you card and they were very cute. The front had enough room for him to draw a picture and write something too."
"I ordered the light grey and was a little concerned the pattern on the card would be too light. I was pleasantly surprised when I got the cards - they turned out to be absolutely beautiful and look just like the picture. Subtle and classy, I would definitely recommend it!"
"Perfect for baby boy's shower thank you cards - very please with the whole process. Very easy to customize and fast shipment!"
"Such an adorable unique design! I have not used them yet but the quality is perfect for the promo price I paid. I love the touch of personalization of the baby's name. I do wish there were envelope lining options to go with it. My only concern is there may not be enough room to write a lot but I will just have to keep my thank you's short and sweet!"
"I received my order today and I think they are just lovely. The card stock has a nice weight to it and the print quality is very good. The design is darling as well. I'm very pleased with these thank you notes and would recommend them."


text:
The Bank of Thailand, which governs financial transactions in the country, has banned the use of the popular internet-based currency Bitcoin and said the nation doesn't have adequate laws and capital controls over the virtual money.
Bitcoin Co. Ltd. said that the ban includes buying or selling bitcoins, buying or selling goods in exchange for bitcoins, and sending or receiving bitcoins to people in other countries. Bitcoin said it's suspended operations in Thailand pending a change in the law or regulatory climate.
The company has been in the process of registering with relevant Thai government agencies in order to operate legally for the past several months, and made a presentation about the workings and benefits of bitcoins, as well as insights into the company's operations and future implications.
Bitcoin has been seen by some US citizens as an alternative to conventional money, to escape currency manipulations by its government. It's a time when the traditional greenback, as well as other world currencies, have been under increased pressure due to the economic crisis, according to the RT News.
The decision against Bitcoin marks a major stumbling block for the company on its path towards wider acceptance since its introduction in 2009.
The virtual currency has received ample media coverage this year, when the math-based money's value soared to a peak of $266 in mid-April, before a price bubble burst. The U.S. Federal Reserve is also investigating possible risks associated with bitcoins, as some feared the currency, which is untraceable, could be used for money laundering schemes and may be vulnerable to hackers.
1Keep It Down: Brittany 'Bree' Newsome Removes Confederate Flag After Scaling South Carolina Statehouse Flagpole, Inspires Hashtag
4Free Bree Newsome: Michael Moore Offers To Pay Activist's Bail After Arrest For Taking Down Confederate Flag
5North Korea Leader Kim Jong Un Likely Executed Architect Before Unveiling Shiny New Pyongyang Airport [PHOTOS]
7Bobbi Kristina Brown Update: 'Dangerous And Manipulative' Nick Gordon 'Drunk As A Skunk' While Family Comes Together, Report Says


text:
Flyer templates and poster designs are available elsewhere on the web but Inkd flyer templates can't be found anywhere else. Our marketplace is about professional print design for projects with short deadlines or budget constraints. We hand-select each design from hundreds of submissions and we guarantee each file is ready to customize and print.
by Inkd Team$39
With a theme reminiscent of a county fair, get ready to boldly announce your cook-off or BBQ with this festive flyer.


text:
- Ogwumike scores 27, Los Angeles gets 1st win of season Updated: Jul-03-15 1:29 am
LOS ANGELES - Nneka Ogwumike scored 27 points, Jantel Lavender had 21 points and 10 rebounds, and Los Angeles beat the San Antonio Stars 86-81 on Thursday night to snap the Sparks' team-record seven-game losing streak.
- Griner scores 23 in 1st home game, Mercury beats Stars Updated: Jul-01-15 12:27 am
PHOENIX - Brittney Griner had 23 points, eight rebounds and four blocks in her first home game since the completion of her seven-game suspension and the Phoenix Mercury beat the San Antonio Stars 85-78 on Tuesday night.
- Streaking San Antonio pulls out 73-71 win over Seattle Storm Updated: Jun-27-15 10:39 pm
SAN ANTONIO - Kayla McBride scored 12 of her 23 points in the final 6:07 to help San Antonio rally from an eight-point deficit to win its second straight game, knocking off Seattle 73-71 on Saturday night.
- Jia Perkins hits late 3, Stars beat Mercury for 1st win Updated: Jun-25-15 10:59 pm
SAN ANTONIO - Jia Perkins made a go-ahead 3-pointer with 24.6 seconds left to help San Antonio beat the Phoenix Mercury 76-71 on Thursday night for the Stars' first win of the season.
- Delle Donne's 28 points lift Chicago past Stars in OT, 95-87 Updated: Jun-21-15 12:06 am
SAN ANTONIO - Elena Delle Donne scored 28 points and the Chicago Sky rebounded from a last-second loss with a 95-87 overtime victory over the winless San Antonio Stars on Saturday night.
- Diggins leads Shock over Stars 73-62 Updated: Jun-14-15 7:26 pm
SAN ANTONIO - Skylar Diggins scored 21 points to lead the Tulsa Shock over the San Antonio Stars 73-62 on Sunday.
- McCoughtry scores 21 points; Atlanta beats San Antonio 72-69 Updated: Jun-11-15 10:09 pm
ATLANTA - Angel McCoughtry scored 21 points and Atlanta defeated the San Antonio Stars 72-69 on Thursday night for the Dream's first victory of the season.


text:
Original recipe yields 8 servings
Amount per serving ({{servings}} total)
Based on a 2,000 calorie diet
Ready In
yay my first recipe to be published!! using my personal recipe for black pepper onion rings (in my recipe box) and the carmelized onion rings (described in the intro) reall makes this delcious. ...
A friend of mine went to Egypt a few years ago and still will not shut up about Koshari, so, I had to give this a try. I admit, I was a little skeptical. A tomato sauce over chickpeas, lentils...
I really enjoyed this, so did my son. My husband didn't care for it but he really doesn't like lentils. He did try it still, and he said he liked the top part – the pasta with the tomato & frie...


text:
An intraluminal endoprosthesis having a conically shaped first end and a tubular shaped balloon-expandable stent for a main body is disclosed. The conically shaped first end may form a flare to the main body and is particularly well suited for in ostium use. The first end is preferably self-expanding and the main body is preferably balloon-expandable. Also disclosed is a delivery device for delivering intraluminal ostial endoprosthetic devices, especially those disclosed herein, to a site for deployment. The delivery device may comprise an over-the-wire system or may comprise a rapid-exchange shuttle system. The self-expanding portion of the endoprosthesis is encapsulated in a sheath or other restraining apparatus on the delivery device. The balloon-expandable stent portion of the endoprosthesis is crimped onto a balloon delivery device. The delivery system and endoprosthesis of the present invention allow the endoprosthesis to be partially expanded and relocated if it is determined that it is not located in the proper location. To aid in positioning, the delivery device may comprise marker bands.
1. An intraluminal endoprosthesis comprising:
a first component that is a self-expanding stent, the self-expanding-stent component, when expanded, having a flared portion;
a second component, separated from the first component, that is a balloon-expandable stent; and
a connecting membrane at least partially covering the self-expanding-stent component and the balloon-expandable-stent component and thereby providing a connection between the separate balloon-expandable-stent component and the self-expanding-stent component; wherein, when it is deployed, the self expanding stent component has an outer edge with a radius greater than the expanded radius of the balloon expandable stent component; and wherein the outer end of the self expanding stent component forms hooks.
2. The endoprosthesis of
3. The endoprosthesis of
4. The endoprosthesis of
5. The endoprosthesis of
6. The endoprosthesis of
7. The endoprosthesis of
8. The endoprosthesis of
9. The endoprosthesis of
10. An intraluminal endoprosthetic device comprising:
a first, self-expanding end, the self-expanding end forming a generally cone-shaped portion when the endoprosthesis is deployed;
a second end having a square edge;
a tubular balloon-expandable stent body disposed between the second end and the first, self-expanding end and separated from the first end; and
an encapsulating material that serves to connect the first, self-expanding end and the separate balloon-expandable stent body to each other; wherein the first self expanding end has a flared portion; wherein the flared portion forms hooks.
11. The endoprosthesis of
12. The endoprosthesis of
13. The endoprosthesis of
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to intraluminal endoprosthetic devices. In particular, the present invention relates to ostial intraluminal endoprosthetic devices and delivery systems and methods for deploying them.
2. Description of Related Art
Stents are prosthetic devices that are implanted in the lumen of a vessel inside the body to provide support for the wall of the vessel. Typically, stents are implanted within a vessel system to reinforce vessels that are partially occluded, collapsing, weakened, or abnormally dilated. In some cases, stents may be used to address ostial lesions in renal, subclavian, carotid, LCA, RCA, and SVG coronary bypass graft anastomosis sites, as well as in other locations. More generally, stents can be used inside any physiological conduit or duct, including arteries, veins, bile ducts, the urinary tract, alimentary tracts, the tracheobronchial tree, a cerebral aqueduct or the genitourinary system, for example. Stents may be used in both humans and animals.
There are typically two types of stents: self-expanding stents and balloon-expandable stents. Self-expanding stents automatically expand once they are released and assume a deployed, expanded state. A balloon-expandable stent is expanded using an inflatable balloon catheter or other balloon delivery device. The balloon is inflated to plastically deform the stent. Balloon-expandable stents may be implanted by mounting the stent in an unexpanded or crimped state on a balloon segment of a catheter. The catheter, after having the crimped stent placed thereon, is inserted through a puncture in a vessel wall and moved through the vessel until it is positioned in a portion of the vessel that is in need of repair. The stent is then expanded by inflating the balloon catheter against the inside wall of the vessel. The stent is plastically deformed by the inflation of the balloon so that its diameter increases and remains at an increased state. In some situations, the vessel that the stent is implanted into may be dilated by the stent itself when the stent is expanded.
Balloon-expandable stents are more easily and more accurately positioned because they can be expanded slowly, uniformly, and without undue movement axially during placement. A balloon-expandable stent may be moved within a vessel even after it has started to expand. In contrast, self expanding stents are more difficult to position and more difficult to move once they have started to expand. Self expanding stents, while more difficult to align and accurate place within a vessel do have some advantages, particularly when addressing ostial lesions in vessels. Self-expanding stent exert continual outward radial force and form a "pre-determined" shape or diameter. This is particularly useful when trying to address ostial lessions.
The present invention is directed to intraluminal endoprosthetic devices having a flared or conical end region and delivery systems for positioning them within lumens of vessels. In one embodiment, the present invention comprises a balloon-expandable stent coupled with a self-expanding flared region. When the endoprosthesis is deployed, its self-expanding region forms a conical or a flare shape. The self-expanding region is coupled to the balloon-expandable stent with an encapsulating material or membrane. In some embodiments, the encapsulating material covers a portion of both the self-expanding region and the balloon-expandable stent or covers and/or encapsulates both entirely.
The present invention also provides for a delivery system for flared intraluminal ostial endoprosthetic devices. In one embodiment, an intraluminal ostial endoprosthesis is delivered to a site with a delivery apparatus having a distal region. A balloon delivery device is mounted over the distal region of the delivery apparatus so as to encapsulate it, or at least a portion of it. A balloon-expandable region, which is comprised of a balloon-expandable stent, is crimped onto the balloon delivery device. A sheath or retaining device, such as a ring, is mounted over a self-expanding region of the endoprosthesis. The delivery apparatus of the present invention may traverse a guidewire, may be delivered to the site of interest via a rapid-exchange shuttle, or may be an "over-the-wire" type device. In some embodiments, it is desirable to include marker bands on the distal region of the delivery apparatus so the location and/or orientation of the endoprosthesis, which is mounted thereon, may be ascertained during deployment. In one embodiment, the delivery device has three marker bands, a distal marker band, a proximal marker band, and a middle marker band. The distal marker band is the most distal of the three and the proximal is the most proximate of the three.
Once the endoprosthesis is delivered to the general region where it is to be implanted, the balloon device is partially inflated. Often it is necessary to use radiological or other techniques for determining the precise location of the endoprosthesis. If it is not located at a proper location, even in a partially inflated state, it may be repositioned. After it is confirmed that it is in the proper location, the balloon is completely inflated. This inflation plastically deforms the balloon-expandable portion of the endoprosthesis. In one embodiment, as the balloon expands, the sheath begins to pull back from the self-expanding region and the self expanding region deploys to its predetermined size. The delivery balloon is then deflated and the delivery apparatus is removed from the vessel.
In another embodiment, the balloon is inflated and then a capture sheath, ring, or other sutiable restraining apparatus is removed from the endoprosthesis's self-expanding regions. The restraining apparatus may be removed at any time during deployment. In one embodiment, it is removed after the balloon is fully inflated. In other embodiments, it is removed from the self-expanding region before the balloon is inflated or after the balloon is only partially inflated.
The present invention is directed to flared ostial endoprosthetic devices for intraluminal use. As is shown in
In some embodiments, it may be desirable for one end of the balloon-expandable stent region to have a square edge 110. (See
The self-expanding region 200 may be manufactured from NiTi, SST spring steel, polymers, shape memory material, or other suitable stent material and when released from a restraining apparatus assumes a pre-determined shape and size. When expanded, the self-expanding region 200 preferably has a generally flared or generally conical shape and may take many forms including, but not limited to, those shown in
As is shown in
The endoprosthesis of the present invention may also act as a drug delivery system. In one embodiment of the present invention, an erodible matrix may be used to act as a platform for drug delivery. The erodible matrix may be composed of an erodible polymer system that is biocompatible. Among the numerous useful drugs that may be delivered by the graft platform described herein are anti-restenosis drugs.
The present invention also provides a delivery system for intraluminal ostial endoprosthetic devices. The delivery system may comprise an over-the-wire delivery apparatus or a rapid exhange shuttle system. If an over-the-wire system is used, the delivery apparatus may traverse over a guide wire 500 (e.g., a 0.010- to 0.038-inch wire) to a site for deployment. (See e.g.
In one embodiment, as is shown in
The balloon-expandable stent region 100 of an intraluminal ostial endoprosthesis is mounted on a balloon delivery device 530. As is shown in
While, in the embodiment described above, the self-expanding region may automatically exit a restraining apparatus after the balloon-expandable stent portion is expanded to a certain point, it may be desirable for the self-expanding segment to remain restrained in a sheath, ring, or other suitable restraining means until the implanting medical professional desires to allow it to self expand. Thus, in some embodiments, an affirmative action, such as removing the restraining means, must be taken before the self-expanding portion self expands.
The present invention allows for location of the delivery apparatus and the intraluminal endoprosthesis to be obtained and relocated if necessary, even after partial inflation of the balloon-expandable portion of the stent 100.
Patent Citations
Referenced by
Legal Events
Original Image


text:
Personal Velocity
Grove Press, 2002 - Fiction - 192 pages
A Washington Post Best Book of 2001, Rebecca Miller's powerful debut, Personal Velocity, is the basis for her Sundance Festival award-winning film by the same name. Acclaimed by The New York Times as "the work of a talented and highly visual writer," the vibrantly fresh and lustrous stories in Miller's collection explore the multifaceted lives of women in seven arresting portraits. From within the secret self of each character we see the surprising shape of her life created as she hurtles through it. Modern and diverse, these women of different classes and ages struggle with sexuality, fate, motherhood, infidelity, desperation, and an overriding will to survive. We meet Greta, a cookbook editor who is chosen by Tavi, the hottest writer of his generation, to edit his new book. The book becomes a best-seller and Greta is propelled out of her marriage by her own ambition and success. The story, however, ends with a poignant flashback to the moment when one morning Greta realizes that ambition has grabbed her as she looks down at her kind, lackluster husband's wing-tip shoes. She suddenly knows she is leaving him and that their marriage is effectively over. Other characters include Paula, a pregnant twenty-one-year-old, who is on the run from the horror of a man who was hit by a car and died walking her home from a club the night before; Delia, an abused, working-class wife who goes into hiding with her children; and Louisa, a painter who moves rapidly from one lover to the next, acting out a self-perpetuating drama over which she has no control. Edgy, fearless, and beautifully spare, Personal Velocity marks the emergence of a singular new voice in American fiction. "Personal Velocity ... remind[s] us that good material is everywhere. [Miller is] a wonderful writer." -- Carolyn See, The Washington Post Book World "Rebecca Miller's debut story collection is a series of eye-opening portraits of women ... humane, always honest and always entertaining." -- Mark Rozzo, Los Angeles Times "Personal Velocity is a gutsy, striking debut." -- David Daley, The Hartford Courant "Each story is crafted with a cunning and precision that explores and often explodes the lives of Miller's subjects...." -- Laura Anderson, American-Statesman "Miller tackles her topics, and ours, with wisdom, sophistication, and guts." -- Glamour "If I were still teaching high school English, I'd order class sets of Rebecca Miller's Personal Velocity." -- Frank McCourt, author of Angela's Ashes
What people are saying - Write a review
User ratings
|5 stars
|4 stars
|3 stars
|2 stars
|1 star
Really compelling stories and evocative writing style. - Goodreads
It's very easy to read. - Goodreads
good writer, good director. - Goodreads
Review: Personal VelocityUser Review - George Ilsley - Goodreads
Several stories, each with a female title character. The opening story "Greta" is perhaps the most compelling, lending the collection its title phrase. Unfortunately, the early promise is not kept and my interest level dwindled. Two and one-half stars. Read full review
All 16 reviews »
Review: Personal VelocityUser Review - Goodreads
Vague, unfulfilling and unsatisfying. I read this quickly. I kept thinking the stories were going somewhere. They do not. They just leave the reader hanging, left to wonder what next and what happened. Read full review
Selected pages
Common terms and phrases
arms asked Avram baby bathroom blond blue Breem brown Bruno Bryna bull chair cheeks cigarette coffee couch Daisy dark daugh Delia Derk door Doyle dream eyes face father Fay's feel French Gelb girl grilled cheese sandwich hair hand head Herskovitz hydrogen peroxide jacket Julianne kibbutz kitchen knew Kurt laugh legs light looked Louisa Manhattan Maroushka marriage marry Lee Matola Milt mother mouth Mylert Nancy Nancy's Naugahyde never Nicole night Okay old lady opened Oscar Levy paintings pants Paula Penny Personal Velocity pulled Rebecca Miller Samuel Samuel Shapiro Sarah Sarah Green says screaming seemed shut sitting skin smil smiling staring started Stein Steven Dunne stood stopped studio talking teeth Thavi thought took Toron turned waiting walked walls wanted watched wearing week window Winslow woman


text:
Trademark Games Chicago Blackhawks 14'' Neon Clock
Product Information:
Make your game room light up with team spirit with the Trademark Games® Chicago Blackhawks 14" Neon Clock. A full-color Chicago logo at the center proves your allegiance to your team, while the inside ring neon light illuminates the black clock face. The team-colored neon light around the outside of the clock adds Blackhawks flair to your wall, and the high-polished chrome finish provides a classic look, perfect for any Blackhawks fan.
- Trademark Games® Chicago Blackhawks neon clock
- Full-color, screen-printed logo on the clock face
- Features high-polished chrome finish molded resin housing
- Double ring of neon - outside ring coordinates with screen-printed logo and inside ring illuminates the clock face
- Battery-operated quartz clock mechanism (battery included)
- 110-volt power supply for power to the neon lights included
- Measure 14" in diameter
- Officially licensed by the NHL®
- Trademark Games
Country of Origin: United StatesWeb ID: 31619586


text:
`Majority of Britons want death penalty restored`
London: A majority of Britons back the restoration of the death penalty, according to a survey out Sunday, as a petition looks likely to force lawmakers to debate the issue.
In a Survation poll for The Mail on Sunday newspaper, 53 percent said they wanted capital punishment back, with 34 percent opposed.
While 63 percent of men back the move, only 44 percent of women are in favour.
Survation interviewed 1,000 people on Friday and Saturday.
When asked which method should be used, 66 percent opted for lethal injection, with 12 percent calling for hanging, five percent for the electric chair and four percent for a firing squad.
Mass murder, child murder, terrorism and war crimes were deemed the main offences deserving the death penalty.
Britain`s last hangings were in 1964 and capital punishment was abolished for murder in 1969.
Members of parliament last debated the issue in 1998, but it has come to the fore again after the government launched its e-petitions website, where petitions gathering 100,000 signatures could be debated in the lower House of Commons.
More than 40 of the first 200 petitions called for the death penalty.
Damian Lyons Lowe, from Survation, said: "These results clearly show that while it is an emotive and divisive issue with differences along gender and party lines, the public clearly remains in favour of capital punishment for serious crime."
Bureau Report
More from India
More from World
More from Sports
More from Entertaiment
- UPSC announces Civil Services Examination 2014 results; women bag top four positions
- Islamic State trying to gain foothold in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir: Army
- Five guerrillas, one soldier killed near LoC
- 3rd Test, Day 2: Sri Lanka rattle Pakistan in decider
- Wimbledon: Novak Djokovic, Maria Sharapova cruise into last 16


text:
Future Graduate Students
Faculty of Applied Health Sciences
Future Graduate Students
Please Note: Applications are no longer being accepted for the Doctoral Program in Applied Health Sciences. All placements have been filled for the 2015-2016 intake.
Going to graduate school is a major life decision. You've made lots of tough choices before, but this one is special.
So the links on this page are designed to help you take a glimpse of what your future would be like as a graduate student in either our Master's or Doctoral program.
And beyond the general information you'll find, please take some time to explore the profiles of the faculty members in our five Departments whose interests seem to match your own.
We hope you are excited by the possibility of advanced study with us. If you are, please visit us if at all possible so that we can show you around and talk about your future.
Jennafer Novess (MSc – Health Sciences) thesis defence: Monday, June 29, 2015
June 29, 2015 - 9:30am - 12:30pm
Karen Hirshfeld (Leisure Studies) thesis defence: Monday, June 22, 2015
June 22, 2015 - 12:00pm - 3:00pm
Sandra Pitts (MA – Sports Management) thesis defence: Wednesday, June 24, 2015
June 24, 2015 - 12:30pm - 3:30pm


text:
Po Box 730
San Jacinto, CA 92581
San Jacinto, CA 92581
Tel: (951)487-8822
School Overview
|Religious Affiliation
|Roman Catholic
|Grades Offered
|Grades Kindergarten - 4
Student Body
|Total Students
|21 students
|Student Body Type
|% Students of Color
State avg.: 45%
|Students by Grade
Academics and Faculty
|Total Classroom Teachers
|2 teachers
|Student : Teacher Ratio
National avg.: 13:1
Nearby Schools:
All Schools | High Schools | Elementary Schools | Preschools | Public Schools
Show me:
- School Location Miles Students Grades
San JacintoSt Hyacinth Academy
275 S Victoria Ave
San Jacinto, CA 92583
(951)654-2013(Roman Catholic)2.5 mi | 279 students | Gr. PK-8
San JacintoAlpha Omega Christian School
2363 S. San Jacinto Ave
San Jacinto, CA 92583
(951)766-9300(Christian)2.7 mi | 62 students | Gr. K-12
HemetGrace Christian Academy of Valle Vista Assembly of God
45252 E. Florida Ave.
Hemet, CA 92544
(951)392-8676(Christian)2.8 mi | n/a students | Gr. K-8
HemetTrinity Lutheran Church Early Childhood Dev Ctr
191 S Columbia St
Hemet, CA 92544
(951)658-2838Daycare / Preschool (Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (formerly AELC, ALC, or LCA))2.9 mi | 75 students | Gr. K
HemetHemet Adventist Christian School
26312 Hemet St
Hemet, CA 92544
(951)927-3972(Seventh-Day Adventist)3.1 mi | 37 students | Gr. K-8
School Reviews
Area Statistics
Rental Market Monitor
Recent Articles
Updated June 28, 2015
When it comes to choosing a private school, there are so many choices to consider that the project can be a huge challenge to most of us. We offer some help and advice to help you get started.
Sending your child to a foreign language school makes good sense when you have been posted to this country from abroad and in other circumstances as well.
Do you need financial aid? Not sure? Confused by how financial aid works? Here are some answers.


text:
Pellston Regional Airport
|Pellston Regional Airport
of Emmet County
|Airport type
|Emmet County
|The City of Pellston
|Pellston, Michigan
|Elevation AMSL
|720 ft / 219 m
|45°34′15″N 84°47′48″W / 45.57083°N 84.79667°WCoordinates: 45°34′15″N 84°47′48″W / 45.57083°N 84.79667°W
|Statistics (2012)
Pellston Regional Airport (IATA: PLN, ICAO: KPLN, FAA LID: PLN), also known as Pellston Regional Airport of Emmet County, is a public airport located one mile (2 km) northwest of the central business district of Pellston, a village in Emmet County, Michigan, United States.[2]
Mainly a general aviation airport, Pellston Regional Airport also functions as the primary commercial airport for the sparsely populated northern tip of Michigan's Lower Peninsula, owing to its location halfway between the region's primary cities, Petoskey and Cheboygan, as well as its close proximity to the tourist centers of Mackinaw City and Mackinac Island. One commercial airline, SkyWest, (DBA) Doing Business As Delta Connection currently serves Pellston Regional with two departures and two arrivals daily.
The 35,000 square feet (3,252 m2) northern lodge themed passenger terminal building was constructed in 2003 and designed by architect Paul W. Powers. The new passenger terminal building replaced a smaller terminal building that was demolished. Wireless internet service is available throughout the terminal at no charge to travelers.
Facilities and aircraft[edit]
Pellston Regional Airport covers an area of 1,675 acres (678 ha) and contains two asphalt paved runways: 14/32 measures 6,513 x 150 feet (1,985 x 46 m) and 5/23 is 5,401 x 150 feet (1,646 x 46 m).[2]
For the 12-month period ending December 31, 2012, the airport had 10,326 aircraft operations (down from 16,421 in 2006), an average of 28 per day: 74% general aviation, 25% scheduled commercial, and <1% military. At that time 37 aircraft were based at this airport: 86% single engine, 8% multi-engine, 3% jet aircraft, and 3% helicopter.[2]
Airlines and destinations[edit]
The following airline offers scheduled passenger service:
|Delta Airlines
|Seasonal: Detroit
|Delta Connection
|North Country Sky
Operated by Corporate Flight Management
|Seasonal: Chicago-Midway1 [4]
- 1Flight stops at Manistee County Blacker Airport to and from Chicago.
In May 2013 Lakeshore Express Aviation announced regular flights from Pellston to Oakland County International Airport on 30-seat Saab 340B aircraft beginning in June.[5] Lakeshore Express flights are currently suspended as operator Pentastar Aviation elected to cease operating the flights in 2014.[6]
|Passengers (arriving and departing)
|Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County (DTW)
The current terminal serves as baggage claim, check-in, ticketing, TSA checkpoint, and gates. Due to this airport being very small in size and amounts of flights, only 2 gates are necessary and both are located in the terminal. In 2009 travel services and officss have been put at the end of baggage claim. On a normal day, three or four people operate this airport. One airline representative manages check-in, ticketing, and works as the gate agent. One is a TSA Senior Agent. The others are ground crew and baggage services. Delta/SkyWest currently has two aircraft(s) in use, both are Canadair Regional Jets 100/200 series (CRJ-200).
- On January 15, 2013, a Cessna 208B Cargomaster, operated by Martinaire and registered as N1120N, crashed shortly after takeoff from Pellston Regional Airport. It came down in a wooded area, there was one fatality.[8]
- On May 13, 1978, a brand new Piper Cheyenne with less than twenty hours had a CFIT two miles from the departure end of Runway 32 after failing to land at Boyne Falls airport. The NTSB investigation concluded the pilot attempted to land below published minimums for the ILS approach. The weather was extremely foggy at the time with less than 3/8 of a mile visibility and 200' ceiling while the approach called for a 600' ceiling and 2 miles visibility. A contributing factor was the finding that the middle marker for Runway 32 was not functioning at the time, possibly contributing to the disorientation of the pilot and his location relative to the airfield. The aircraft was destroyed, there were three fatalities.
- On May 9, 1970, UAW President Walter Reuther, his wife May, architect Oscar Stonorov, Reuther's bodyguard William Wolfman, the pilot and co-pilot were killed when their chartered Lear-Jet crashed in flames at 9:33 p.m. Michigan time. The plane, arriving from Detroit in rain and fog, was on final approach to the Pellston, Michigan, airstrip near the union's recreational and educational facility at Black Lake, Michigan.[9] The Learjet 23, operated by Executive Jet Aviation and registered as N434EJ, crashed into trees and caught fire short of the runway. An investigation concluded that illusions produced by the lack of visual cues during a circling approach over unlighted terrain at night to a runway not equipped with approach lights or other visual approach aids, caused the crash. The aircraft was written off. There were six fatalities.[8]
- On April 23, 1970, a McDonnell Douglas DC-9, operated by North Central Airlines, destined for Sault Ste. Marie Airport, was hijacked. One hijacker demanded to be taken to Detroit. The hijacker was taken down, there were no fatalities.[8]
- ^ Passenger Boarding FAA.gov
- ^ a b c d FAA Airport Master Record for PLN (Form 5010 PDF), effective November 15, 2012
- ^ Michigan Department of Transportation. Measures of Michigan Air Carrier Demand, Michigan.gov, Retrieved January 7, 2013
- ^ Bentley, Ryan. New operator plans flights between Chicago, Pellston starting this summer, Gaylord Herald Times, April 15, 2015, Retrieved 2015-04-17
- ^ Creager, Ellen (May 29, 2013). "Michigan Traveler: Fly to Pellston on new, low-cost service". Detroit Free Press. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
- ^ Creager, Ellen (April 13, 2014). "Travel smart: Little airline that could now can't". Detroit Free Press. Retrieved April 14, 2014.
- ^ a b "Pellston, MI: Pellston Regional Airport of Emmet County (PLN)". Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), Research and Innovative Technology Administration (RITA), U.S. Department of Transportation. December 2013. Retrieved April 2015.
- ^ a b c "Accident Description 20130115-0". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved January 16, 2013.
- ^ "Reuther Dies in Jet Crash With Wife and 4 Others". New York Times. May 11, 1970. Retrieved October 17, 2014.
Other sources[edit]
- Essential Air Service documents (Docket DOT-OST-2011-0133) from the U.S. Department of Transportation:
- Ninety-Day Notice (July 15, 2011): Mesaba Aviation, Inc., and Pinnacle Airlines, Inc., each a certificated carrier, hereby give notice of intent to discontinue the current service provided at Pellston, MI, effective October 13, 2011. Mesaba and/or Pinnacle provide service to the community, operating on a fee-for-service basis as "Delta Connection" carriers. Delta has notified Mesaba and Pinnacle that Delta can no longer economically continue this service. Delta is in the process of retiring all turboprop and numerous small jet aircraft operated by Mesaba and Pinnacle. All of the Saab 340 aircraft operated by Mesaba for Delta Connection will be retired by year end. Delta has notified Mesaba and Pinnacle that high fuel costs and low passenger demand further necessitate the filing of this notice. We intend to submit a bid to provide continued service under the EAS program at subsidy rates that will enable us to cover the cost of the operation and a reasonable return on investment.
- Order 2012-4-10 (April 6, 2012): selecting Delta Air Lines, Inc., to provide essential air service (EAS) at Chisholm/Hibbing, Minnesota, and Escanaba, Pellston, and Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, for $2,517,770, $2,833,558, $1,055,361, and $1,676,136, respectively. At Pellston, the service is to consist of 12 nonstop round trips per week to Detroit in the off-peak, and 14 per week in the peak period. At Sault Ste. Marie, the service will be 13 round trips per week year round. At the remaining two communities, service is to consist of 12 nonstop round trips per week year round. All service is to be operated with 50-seat CRJ-200 aircraft.
- Order 2013-10-8 (October 21, 2013): reselecting Delta Air Lines, Inc., to provide Essential Air Service (EAS) at Pellston and Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan; and SkyWest Airlines, at Paducah, Kentucky; Hancock/Houghton, and Muskegon, Michigan; and Eau Claire, Wisconsin. The Order also tentatively reselects American Airlines, at Watertown, New York. Pellston, Michigan: Docket 2011-0133; Effective Period: November 1, 2013, through January 31, 2016; Service: Off peak: Twelve (12) nonstop round trips per week to Detroit (DTW); Peak: Fourteen (14) nonstop round trips per week to Detroit (DTW) with CRJ-200 Aircraft; Annual Subsidy: $1,077,413.
External links[edit]
- Official website
- Lakeshore Express Aviation
- FAA Terminal Procedures for PLN, effective June 25, 2015
- Resources for this airport:
- FAA airport information for PLN
- AirNav airport information for KPLN
- ASN accident history for PLN
- FlightAware airport information and live flight tracker
- NOAA/NWS latest weather observations
- SkyVector aeronautical chart, Terminal Procedures


text:
Nice to see everyone and put a face to the name
I also went blonde. :)
Woo Hoo!
I seriously thought at first those were two different people!
Way to go!
"Truth has no special time of its own. Its hour is now - always." - Albert Schweitzer
Me: BW - Him: 200+ # tumor removed 7/09
DS - 31 - Yikes!
Me...in blue. Bucket list: Iceland - check!
[This message edited by Take2 at 3:05 PM, April 11th (Friday)]
Fireball! That is awesome! You look amazing. I love the blonde
Take2, I love the scenery. I had to switch plans in Iceland once. I wish I had enough time to go and explore.
Take2 - beyootiful! Bucket list for sure!
[This message edited by kernel at 8:00 PM, July 21st (Monday)]
[This message edited by Take2 at 5:26 PM, April 11th (Friday)]
Fear is the cheapest room in the house. I would like to see you living in better conditions.
― Hafiz
Everybody, soon or late, sits down to a banquet of consequences.
~Robert Louis Stevenson
Is it spring yet?
I figure this pic is a good substitute:
[This message edited by LosferWords at 8:58 AM, April 16th (Wednesday)]
Should I not tell you that it's 70 in MA today?


text:
Published on: 21 Feb 2009
Spock turns against Kirk
Checking out mine and tell me what you think: http://goanimate.com/go/movie/0zuCNkso-d-A?utm_source=emailshare&uid=0BcBaMN-Gbbc
Wow, who knew Spock was so vicious? I guess revenge really IS a dish that is best served COLD! When you get a chance, please come and rate my Star Trek vids. Thanks!
excellent. I was just thinking about doing the "bilbo baggins" song.
|Display Name
|Favorited on
Get the commercial rights to use your video for business purposes.
Access relevant characters, backgrounds and props representing a wide range of industries.
Produce both short form and long form videos with ease using out Video.
Download your video as an mp4 or export directly to our partner sites.
Replace our logo with your own, or remove the watermark completely.
Use any of our library characters, or customize at will with our character creators.
Roll back to an earlier, saved-over copy with ease or manage multiple versions.
Access our premium characters and settings, or use your own custom characters in our Templates.
Extend your scenes with up to 30 lines of dialog when using our Templates.


text:
Water Carriers
Water Carriers
RotopaX 1-Gallon Water packHitting the desert or a war-torn nuclear wasteland where water is in short supply? Then RotopaX 1 gallon water container (white) is a must have. Designed to quickly lock to your ride and just as easily be removed. Don't leave home for that adventure ride without one. Learn More$49.95 $39.95
MSR Dromedary Water Storage Bag (4-liter & 10-liter)Securely transport water or other fluids for your adventure across any terrain with the rugged and collapsible Dromedary Bag by MSR. Learn More$29.95
SW-MOTECH drinking bottle for use with quick-lock base plateSW- Motech Drinking Bottle for thirsty people Learn More$31.95


text:
Upgrading Your Mancave Shouldn't Be Hard
Defense Department Working On Hoverbikes
Awesome Smart Phone Photo Tricks
Lexus Develops A Real Magnetic Hoverboard
10 Amazing Hacks Invented in Prison
LG Reveals Bendable Magnetic TV That Weighs 4 LBS
14 Incredible Inventions You will Die For
#1 Predictor of Diabetic Amputation
Taylor Swift Just Beat Out Beyonce in a Huge Way
Turn Your Phone Into a Movie Projector For 3 Bucks
How to Create a New Anime Fan
10 Celebrity Eccentricities
10 Of The Craziest Types of Ammunition
5 Fun Science Experiments You Can Do This Weekend!
Sore ga Seiyū! Anime's New Ad Introduces Show via Fake News Show
Caitlyn Jenner Shows Off Her Tomboy Side
10 Best Games for the iPhone 6 and 6 Plus
Play Cheese Dreams New Moon!
10 Predictions That Really Came True
Ghost of Dead Girl Appears in Snapchat Photo Taken at Hospital
Abandoned Village Shows You What Life Would Look Like without People
The Link Amiibo Will Unlock a Special Yoshi Costume
Things That Will Make You Feel Very Uncomfortable
How to Break Free from Zip Ties
Caption Contest: "Hylians! Prepare for Glory!"
5 Personal Things You Probably Didn't Know About Lupita Nyong'O
20 Celebrities Who Got Their Start on SNL
Is Jessa Duggar Having a Baby Boy?
Dream Fossil: The Complete Stories of Satoshi Kon
25 Things You Probably Google When You're All Alone


text:
NAHS Volleyball: Welcome
Today's game against Council Rock South has been canceled. Our thoughts and prayers go out to the student body, the administration, and the families of those young lives that were called home to Heaven.
"Never waste an opportunity to tell someone you love them." - Unknown
Monday, June 2


text:
Celtics rookie excited for Seeds of Peace camp
Celtics rookie excited for Seeds of Peace camp
After one of his first visits to Seeds of Peace camp, and witnessing the rare interactions between Israeli and Palestinian youths, former NBA player B.J. Armstrong was quickly humbled.
"We talk about war, but these kids have lived it," he said. "The thing I've learned from this is that I don't know anything."
Celtics rookie Marcus Smart will receive his own education in the world's most unrelenting conflict today, when the camp holds its annual NBA players clinic.
|The article you requested has been archived


text:
Deviant Art
A Proud MomentThose of you who know me well enough will get this.More Like This
My granddaughter Elizabeth Anne is an apprentice hairdresser and a pretty swanky salon. Now, Elizabeth and I were best buddies when she was a kid, and we spent a lot of time together, so I was bound to have some influence over her personality, yes?
A few days ago she told me this little tidbit. She was doing a woman's hair at the salon, and was almost finished. She said, "I have just a few more things to do and I'll be out of your hair." She told me that she didn't know she was going to say that until the words were leaving her mouth. This is the sort of thing that happens to me all the time. It's like some kind of punny auto-pilot. Anyway, I burst with pride hearing this. A tear formed on my eye.
That's my girl!!!
|Sta.sh Submit


text:
Introduces the critical concepts to get an OS X network service up and running quickly.
Shows all the enhancements and new features in Snow Leopard, the newest server rollout from Apple.
Delves into the details of the software's services and configuration options.
"I've already been in consideration for a position I've recently interviewed for based on the Access training I've taken the last week or so. Awesome!" —David P.
more from our members »


text:
Abstract available in
Claims available in
Description (OCR text may contain errors)
United States Patent 3,769,398 POLYETHYLENIMINE SHAMPOO COMPOSITIONS Gordon Trent Hewitt, Upper Montclair, N.J., assignor to Colgate-Palmolive Company, New York, NY. No Drawing. Filed May 25, 1970, Ser. No. 40,385
Int. Cl. A61k 7/06 US. Cl. 424-70 8 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE This invention relates to clear, viscous, homogeneous shampoo compositions which have outstanding hair conditioning characteristics and are effective against Pityrosporum ovale. The instant shampoo compositions have all of the basic characteristics of commercially acceptable shampoos-they clean but maintain hair luster, are clear, viscous, and homogeneous, condition hair and leave it easy to manage (no static flyaway or tangles), and form copious, lather even in hard water.
The inventive compositions are also suitable for cleaning and conditioning the human hair which is used to make hairpieces such as Wigs and toupees. It is considered that the hair in such hairpieces should be free of the P. ovale yeast in order to eliminate or minimize the problems associated with migration of such yeast to the scalp of the hairpiece wearer. Since the described compositions efiectively inhibit the growth of P. ovale, they are particularly suitable for cleaning the hair prior to or after its fabrication into hairpieces.
It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide clear, stable, homogeneous shampoo compositions which have excellent hair conditioning characteristics, and inhibit the growth of P. ovale.
In general the preferred compositions of this invention are comprised of from about to about 25 percent by weight of a betaine, sulfobetaine, or amine oxide detergent, and mixtures thereof, from about 0.1 to about 3.0 percent by weight of a water-soluble polyethylenimine (PEI), and an aqueous medium and minor ingredients to make the balance of the composition. Ad ditionally, an imidazoline or oxazoline foam booster may be added in an amount of from about 1.0 to about 6.0 percent by weight of the total composition.
The pH of the composition ranges from about 5.0 to about 9.0 but is preferably adjusted to the near neutral range of 6.5 to 8.0. A lower pH will help solubilize the imidazoline or oxazoline foam booster and enhance their cationic nature; however, too low a pH means that free fatty acids in the natural hair oils will be more tenacious and not as readily removed by the surfactant. A pH of about 7.5 is most preferred.
Patented Oct. 30, 1973 ice It has been found that PEI in a free and uncomplexed form is an outstandingly good antimicrobial agent having both inhibitory activity against P. ovale (MIC of 3.9 ,ug./ml.) and substantivity to the hair and scalp. PEI, however, is a cationic polyamine and has been found to complex strongly with the usual anionic-acting shampoo surfactants, including amphoterics at their useful alkaline pH values and soaps. When PEI is present in a shampoo along with an anionic-acting surfactant, the PEI loses its antimicrobial characteristics; the complex of PEI with the anionic surfactant seems to destroy this extremely valuable property. However, PEI can be formulated into a superior shampoo composition and still maintain its valuable antimicrobial characteristics provided that the shampoo compositions contain carefully selected groups of detergents which do not complex with PEI and which themselves exhibit some inhibitory activity toward P. ovale. The useful detergents are the zwitterionic detergents such as the betaines and sulfobetaines and the semi-polar amine oxide detergents. In such non-anionic compositions the PEI is uncomplexed and thus free to act as an antimicrobial agent.
Moreover, as was stated previously, all of the ingredients in these shampoos were chosen on the basis of their own distinct inhibitory action toward P. ovale. Myristyl and palmityl betaine both have MICs against P. ovale of about 250 ng./ml., lauryl betaine of about 500 ,ugJmL, l-hydroxyethyl-Z-coco imidazoline of about 250 ,ug./ml., and lauryl dimethyl amine oXide of about 1250 ,ugjml. Thus all of the active ingredients in the shampoo are effective to a greater or lesser degree against P. ovale.
In order to determine the substantivity of PEI on the hair the Rubine Dye Test is used. In this test a 0.5-percent aqueous solution of Direct Fast Rubine WS dye is adjusted to a pH of 3.5 with acetic acid. Then approximately 0.5 gram of white hair (or wool) is immersed or rubbed (to produce a lather) for 3 minutes in a shampoo solution. The shampoo concentration is approximately 10 parts shampoo to parts water at room temperature to simulate hair shampooing. After thorough rinsing with water the damp hair sample is immersed for 5 minutes in the dye solution at F. The hair is then rinsed thoroughly with room temperature water. The presence of a deep red color indicates that the hair or wool has deposited on its some cationic active substance. In the absence of such an absorbed cationic, the hair color is essentially unchanged, that is, there is no takeup of the Rubine dye.
It was found that the deposits from the instant nonanionic shampoo solutions formed a very strong, very difiicult to remove attachment of Rubine dye indicating excellent substantivity of PEI. PEI, per se, does not deposit from shampoo solutions containing anionics, such as lauryl sulfates and fatty alcohol ether sulfates.
The PEI polymers which can be used in the shampoos of this invention can be prepared by polymerizing ethyl- In a standard laboratory test to determine antimicrobial activity PEI offered almost no general antimicrobial properties as it was ineffective against S. aureus (MIC greater than 500 1.g./Inl.), Str. mitts (MIC greater than 500 ag./ml.), E. 001% (MIC greater than 1000 ag/1111.), Ps. aerugmosa (MIC greater than 1000 ,ug./ml.), 0. albt'cans (MIC of 1000 ,ug./ml.), and A. mger (MIC greater than 1000 ng./ml.). Against T. 'ggettagt/"oplhptes PEI was very modestly inhibitory (MIC of 2 Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of an individual substance or formulation needed to inhibit the growth of a particular organism.
enimine in the presence of a catalyst such as carbon dioxide, sodium bisulfite, sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, etc. Specific methods of preparation are described in US. Pats. Nos. 2,182,306, Ulrich et al., granted Dec. 5, 1939; 3,033,746, Moyle et al., granted May 8, 1962; 2,208,095, Esselmann et al., granted July 16, 1940; 2,806,839, Crowther, granted Sept. 17, 1957; and 2,553,969, Wilson, granted May 21, 1951.
Similarly, alkoxylated PEIs can be prepared, for example, by reacting one part by weight ethylene oxide or propylene oxide with one part by weight PEI prepared as described above and having a molecular weight greater than about 1,800. Preferably, the weight ratio of PEI to alkylene oxide is at least about 1:1, but ratios as low as about 1:4 are acceptable.
It is believed that the general structure of the PEI polymer is:
wherein x represents a whole number of suflicient magnitude to yield a polymer of molecular weight greater than about 1800. Generally, x may vary from 14 to about 1500, and preferably x is from 45 to 5,000. Branch chains occur along the polymeric backbone and the relative proportions of primary, secondary, and tertiary amino groups present in the polymer will vary, depending onthe manner of preparation. The distribution of amino groups in a typical PEI is approximately as follows:
The polymers suitable for use in this invention have viscosities (in 1 percent by weight aqueous solutions) ranging from about 1.0 to about 3.0 centipoises (absolute viscosity) when measured by an Ostwald viscometer at 100 F. The molecular weight of the PEI polymers includes the entire range of dermatologically-safe materials. The preferred polymers have an average molecular weight within the range of about 1800 to about 200,000 with the most preferred polymer having an average molecular weight of about 100,000. The molecular weight may range as high as 500,000 for ethoxylated and propoxylated polymers.
The useful zwitterionic detergents are betaines and sulfobetaines having the following general formula:
1'1. where R, is an alkyl group having 10 to about 20 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 16 carbon atoms, R and R are each alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and X is an anion selected from the group consisting of S and COO=. The preferred betaines and sulfobetaines have the following formulas:
where R in each formula is an alkyl group having about to about carbon atoms.
Amido betaines and amido sulfobetaines having the following structure may also be used:
where R in both formulas is an alkyl group having about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms.
The preferred compound from the group of zwitterionic detergents is coco 3 dimethyl betaine.
The useful semi-polar amine oxide detergents have the following general formula:
Amine oxide R R R N 0 where R is an alkyl, alkenyl, or monohydroxyalkyl group having 10 to about 20 carbon atoms, and R and R are each selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, propyl, ethanol, and propanol groups.
The preferred amine oxide detergent is myristyl dimethyl amine oxide.
The useful foam boosters are the imidazoline and oxazoline materials having the following general formulas:
Oxazoline where R is an alkyl group having about 9 to about 17 carbon atoms, and R and R are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl and hydroxyalkyl groups containing from 1 to 2 carbon atoms.
Imidazoline oH,-om
where R is an alkyl group having about 9 to about 17 carbon atoms, and R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy methyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl and CH CH OCH CH OH.
In the preparation of the imidazoline and oxazoline foam booster, the carboxyl carbon of the fatty acid reactant becomes part of the ring, and thus the resultant alkyl group contains one less carbon than the corresponding fatty acid.
The preferred imidazoline foam booster is l-hydroxyethyl-2-coco imidazoline; the preferred Oxazoline foam booster is 2-coco-4,4 dihydroxymethyl oxazoline.
A Water-soluble, nonionic synthetic detergent may be substituted for the preferred zwitterionic and amine oxide detergents; however, the resultant shampoo compositions are non-preferred due to the lower foaming properties of the nonionic detergents. Suitable nonionic synthetic organic detergents are generally the condensation product of an organic aliphatic or alkyl aromatic hydrophobic compound and hydrophilic ethylene oxide groups or the polyhydration product thereof, i.e., polyethylene glycol.
The term coco as used herein refers to the mixture of alkyl groups found in the alcohols obtained by hydrogenating the mixture of fatty acids obtained upon hydrolysis of coconut oil, that is, Cs8%; Clo-7%; Cue-48%; C1i17%; C1e-15% and Cur-5%.
Practically any hydrophobic compound having a carboxy, hydroxy, amido, or amino group with a free hydrogen attached to the nitrogen can be condensed with ethylene oxide to form a nonionic detergent. Suitable nonionic detergents include the polyethylene oxide condensate of one mole of alkyl phenol containing from about 6 to about 12 carbon atoms in a straight or branched chain configuration with about 5 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide, e.g., nonyl phenol condensed with 9 moles of ethylene oxide; the condensation product of a higher alcohol containing about 8 to 22 carbon atoms in a straight or branched chain configuration with about 5 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide, e.g., lauryl-myristyl alcohol condensed with 16 moles of ethylene oxide; the condensation product of ethylene oxide on a hydrophobic base formed by the condensation of propylene oxide on propylene glycol wherein the molecular weight of the hydrophobe ranges from about 1,500 to 1,800 and the polyethylene oxide content may comprise up to 50% of the total weight of the condensate; and the ethylene oxide addends of monoesters of hexahydric alcohols and inner ethers thereof with higher fatty acids containing about to 20 carbon atoms,
e.g., sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan mono-oleate, and mannitan monopalmitate. Alternatively, such nonionic detergents may be used in addition to the preferred betaine, sulfobetaine, and amine oxide detergents in concentrations of about 3% to 10% by weight of the shampoo composition.
The aqueous vehicle may contain an organic solvent such as monohydric and dihydric alcohols containing 2 to 3 carbon atoms. The solvent may be present in an amount of from about 5 to 30 percent by weight and preferably from about 10 to 20 percent.
In the most preferred shampoo compositions, the betaine, sulfobetaine, and amine oxide detergents are present in an amount of 10% to about 20% by weight; the PEI is present in an amount of about 1% to 2% by weight; the imidazoline and oxazoline foam booster is present in an amount of about 3% to 5% by weight; and the aqueous medium or vehicle is the balance. When a mixture of detergents is used, the preferred concentration of the individual detergents is reduced because the total amount of detergent present in the most preferred compositions ranges from about 10% to about 20% by weight.
Various conventional shampoo additives may also be present, for example, compatible nonionic thickeners, perfumes, pH adjusters, sequestering agents, opacifiers, compatible antimicrobial compounds, etc. Such additives are present in their conventional amounts ranging from about 0.4 to about 10 percent by weight. More specifically, coconut monoor diethanolamides and strongly ionizing salts such as sodium chloride and sodium sulfate may be used up to about 5 percent of the formula weight. These compounds serve to aid in the compatibilization of the polymer-detergent composition; however, they are not essential.
EXAMPLE I Shampoo compositions were prepared having the following composition:
EXAMPLE I Coco dimethylbetalneh 10. 0 1o. 0 10. o Myristyl dimethyl amine oxide 5. 0 l-hydroxyethyl-2-coco imidazoline 5.0 2-coeo-4,4-dihydroxymethyl oxazoline 6. 0 Polyethylenimine (M.W. 50,000)-.. 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 HCl (pH adjustment to about 7.5). 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 Propylene glycol 5. 0 5. 0 Perfume 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 Deionized water 1 Balance.
These compositions were clear, stable liquids which yielded copious lather, left hair free from tangles and static flayaway, and showed inhibitory action against the growth of P. ovale.
EXAMPLE II Coco dimethyl sulfobetaine 10.0 l-hydroxyethyl-Z-coco imidazoline 5.0 Polyethylenimine (M.W. 1800) 2.0 HCl (to adjust pH to about 7.5) 1.0 Deionized water Balance EXAMPLE III Myristyl dimethyl betaine 15.0 l-hydroxyethyl-Z-coco imidazoline 2.0 Polyethylenimine (M.W. 100,000) 1.0 HCl (to adjust pH to about 7.5 1.0 Ethanol 10.0 Deionized water Balance EXAMPLE IV Palmityl dimethyl amido betaine 15.0 Polyethylenimine (M.W. 50,000) 2.0 HCl (to adjust pH to about 7.5 1.0 NaCl 3.0 Deionized water Balance EXAMPLE V Myristyl dimethyl amine oxide 10.0 Polyethylenimine (M.W. 1800) 3.0 HCl (pH adjustment to about 7.5) 1.0 Perfume 0.4 Deionized water Balance In order to determine the conditioning efiect of PEI on the hair the following test was conducted.
Clean hair samples (washed in a nonionic surfactant and rinsed in distilled water and in ethanol) were dipped in a 2-percent oleic acid-alcohol solution to provide free fatty acid such as is present on the scalp. After drying the various tresses were shampooed with:
(A) Composition A of Example I (B) Composition A with PEI omitted (C) Shampoo containing 19% triethanolarnine lauryl sulfate and 5% lauryl-myristyl diethanolamide in an aqueous medium.
The shampoo solutions were diluted with water to 10 parts shampoo to parts water to simulate dilution in actual shampooing. The shampooed tresses were rinsed well and dried. As a control tress one of the clean tresses was not treated with oleic acid but was washed with Composition A of Example I.
The results of this test revealed that the tress which had oleic acid on it and washed with Composition A of Example I was low in friction during dry combing, was low in static fly when combed, and felt smooth. However, the tress having-no oleic acid present which was shampooed with Composition A of Example I was difficult to comb and gave static fly. Further, Composition A without PEI also was difiicult to comb and gave static fly. These results indicate that the conditioning effects of Composition A of Example I are probably due to the fact that PEI deposits on the hair and also redeposits the natural oils. Composition A also gave superior conditioning results as compared to the conventional anionic/alkanolamide shampoo whose washed tress also gave static fly and was difficult to comb.
Percentage values employed in the specification and claims refer to percent by weight of the total composition unless otherwise stated.
What is claimed is:
1. A clear, homogeneous shampoo composition particularly suitable for conditioning hair and for inhibiting the growth of Pityrosporum ovale which consists essentially of about 5 to 25 percent by weight of a water-soluble detergent selected from the group consisting of betaines and sulfobetaines having the formula wherein R is alkyl of 10 to 20 carbons, R and R are each alkyl of 1 to 3 carbons, R is alkylene or hydroxyalkylene of 1 to 4 carbons, and X is S or CO C-alkyl betaines of the formula wherein R is an alkyl of to carbons, C-alkyl sultaines of the formula wherein R is an alkyl of 10 to 20 carbons, amine oxides of the formula R R R N O wherein R is an alkyl, alkenyl, or monohydroxyalkyl of 10 to 20 carbons, and R and R are each methyl, ethyl, propyl, ethanol, or propanol, and mixtures of the foregoing detergents; 0.1 to 3 percent by weight of a water-soluble polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylenimine having a molecular weight from about 1,800 to about 200,000 and the reaction product of said polyethylenimine with either ethylene oxide or propylene oxide in a weight ratio of polyethylenimine to alkylene oxide of at least 1:4, said reaction product having a molecular weight of up to 500,000, said polymer exhibiting inhibitory activity against Pityrosporum ovale; and an aqueous vehicle, said composition being free of anionic-acting surfactants.
2. The shampoo composition as set forth in claim 1 wherein said detergent is a mixture of said betaine or sulfobetaine corresponding to the formula and said amine oxide and said mixture is present in an amount of 10 to 20 percent by weight of the composition.
3. The shampoo composition as set forth in claim 1 wherein said detergent is said amine oxide.
4. The shampoo composition as set forth in claim 1 wherein said aqueous vehicle contains from about 10 to 20 percent by weight of the total composition of an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of monohydric and dihydric alcohols containing 2 to 3 carbons.
5. The shampoo composition as set forth in claim 1 wherein said aqueous medium is water.
6. The shampoo composition as set forth in claim 1 wherein said polymer is said polyethylenimine having a molecular weight of about 1,800 to 100,000.
7. The shampoo composition as set forth in claim 1 wherein said detergent is said betaine or sulfobetaine corresponding to the formula 8. The shampoo composition'as set forth in claim 1 which contains in addition from about 1 to 6 percent by weight of the total composition of foam boosting compound selected from the group consisting of an oxazoline having the following structure wherein R is alkyl containing 9 to 17 carbons and R and R are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl containing 1 to 2 carbons, and hydroxyal'kyl containing from 1 to 2 carbons and an imidazoline having the following structure wherein R is alkyl containing 9 to 17 carbons and R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, and CH CH OCH CH OH.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,033,746 5/ 1962 Moyle et a1. 424-325 3,098,794 7/ 1963 Dohr et al. 424 X 3,206,512 9/1965 Koebner et a1. 424325 X 3,280,179 10/1966 Ernst 42470 X 3,449,430 6/1969 Dohr et al. 42470 X 3,470,102 9/1969 Heinz 42470 X FOREIGN PATENTS 451,412 5/1968 Switzerland 424316 1,111,708 5/1968 Great Britain 424325 1,078,075 8/ 1967 Great Britain.
OTHER REFERENCES Wells et al., Cosmetics and The Skin, p. 404, Reinhold Publishing Corp. New York, 1964.
American Perfumer and Cosmetics, vol. 84, pp. 37- 39, December 1969.
ALBERT T. MEYERS, Primary Examiner V. C. CLARKE, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R.
Referenced by
Original Image


text:
Showcase Presents Challengers of the Unknown 2 (Paperback)
|Author: Dan (EDT) Didio
|Illustrator: Various Bob Brown
Learn more about Showcase Presents Challengers of the Unknown 2:
Format: Paperback
Publisher: DC Comics
Sku: 206143361
Publish Date: 5/20/2008
Dimensions: (in Inches) 10.25H x 6.75L x 1.25T
Pages: 525
Age Range: NA
See more in Comics & Graphic Novels / Superheroes
|Over 500 pages of classic adventures are included in this value-priced volume collecting Silver Age tales of Batman and Robin as they face their most enduring enemies, including Poison Ivy, the Riddler and many others. These are the stories that inspired the Dynamic Duo's 1960s TV series, which featured Batman's astonishing detective skills and impressive array of Bat-gadgets!
From the Publisher:
Follows test pilot Ace Morgan, mountain climber Red Ryan, boxer Rocky Davis, and scientist Prof Haley after they survive a plane crash that should have killed them, as they undertake a series of adventures and perform good deeds.