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Grammar Basics and The Perils of Punctuation
Who: Gillian Polack
When: Saturday 11 July, 10am-4pm
Cost: Full price: $180; Member: $125; Conc Member: $110
Level: Beginner/Intermediate
Learn how you can use the building blocks of grammar and punctuation to create writing that says what you need it to say. Dr Gillian Polack will teach you how to polish your prose, use punctuation and paragraphing to evilly manipulate the mind of the reader; she will also explain semi-colons.�
The Edge of Reality: Writing Creative Non-Fiction
Who: Mark Mordue
When: 6 x Wednesday evenings: 22, 29 July; 5, 12, 19, 26 August, 6:30pm-9:30pm
Cost: Full Price: $600, Member: $420, Concession Member: $360
Sometimes referred to as 'the literature of reality' and 'literary non-fiction', creative non-fiction combines the narrative techniques of fiction and the expressive energy of poetry, with the research demands and interviewing skills of journalism — all working together in an accurate, ethical and involving depiction of reality.
In this workshop you will learn what makes compelling creative non-fiction and how to write it. This can mean anything from constructing high-quality feature articles and magazine profiles to developing your own memoir pieces, essays, travel and review writing. It is the stylistic force behind our best non-fiction books and journalism. Some of its most famous exponents include writers as varied as Truman Capote, Hunter S. Thompson, Joan Didion and Helen Garner.
Over six weeks, this course will examine a series of readings by these writers and many others, as well workshop examples of your own writing in a series of practical exercises. .....
Powering Your Blog
Who: Karen Andrews
When: Saturday 25 July, 10am-4pm
Cost: Full price: $180; Member: $125; Conc Member: $110
Do you want to take your blog to a new level? This course will help you plan your content, make the most of social media, and understand the importance of networking and building community.
Learn the key elements of content creation, the basics of content marketing, and pick up a raft of social media tips and essentials.
During the day we will cover: .....
Bringing Characters to Life
Who: Kirsten Tranter
When: Saturday 25 July, 10am-4pm
Cost: Full price: $180; Member: $125; Conc Member: $110
Living, breathing characters are the key to successful fiction. The best plots emerge from characters' actions and decisions. Without compelling, believable characters it can be hard to make readers care what happens next in your story. In this workshop you will discover ways to fully imagine your characters and bring them to life through dialogue, action and interaction with other characters and their environments. .....
Seminar: Book Publicity for Authors
Who: Jaki Arthur
When: Thursday 30 July, 6:30pm-9:30pm
Cost: Full price: $55; Member: $40; Conc Member: $35
In this seminar, experienced book publicist Jaki Arthur, presents a motivating and inspiring workshop all about book publicity – how it works, why it works, what it can do for you and how to do it!
You will discuss today's media landscape and where your work and ideas fit within it, learn how to identify and approach targets, when (and when not to) to pitch, and finally, learn about the current book retail landscape in Australia and the Australian publishing industry in general – its strengths and its weaknesses. .....
Fiction Feedback: A Critique Group
Who: Nicola O'Shea
When: 8 x Saturday afternoons: 1, 15, 29 August; 12, 26 September; 10, 24 October; 14 November, 1pm-4pm
Cost: Full price: $960; Member: $670; Conc Member: $580
Take your fiction-writing and evaluation skills to the next level in this intense but friendly critique group convened by fiction editor Nicola O'Shea.
Prior to each meeting, four writers from the group will submit a sample of their work (maximum of 6000 words, either short stories or novel/
The Story Road
Who: Isobelle Carmody
When: Saturday 1 August, 10am-4pm
Cost: Full price: $180; Member: $125; Conc Member: $110
The journey is one of the strongest fantasy cliches. Stories often begin with someone setting out on a journey, which will end by the end of the story. The structure of the story is formed by the journey and the matter of the story is the journey.
But the most important journey a writer (or a character) will ever make is the inward journey. .....
The Gentle Art of Persuasion
Who: Neil James
When: Saturday 1 August, 10am-4pm
Cost: Full Price: $180; Member: $125; Conc Member: $110
For more than 2,000 years, writers have wrestled with the problem of persuasion. What makes one text compelling and another pedestrian?
Neil James draws from fields as diverse as classical rhetoric, plain language and cognitive psychology to explore some practical techniques that can supercharge your text. Whether you are writing fiction or writing for the web, whether you want to add dimension to your characters or simply strengthen a submission, there is much to learn from the gentle art of persuasion. .....
Inviting the Muse: Creativity for Writers
Who: Beth Yahp
When: 6 x Sunday mornings: 16, 23, 30 August; 6, 20, 14 September, 10am-1pm
Cost: Full price: $600; Member: $420; Conc Member: $360
This course is for people who are interested in writing fiction, travel or life stories. It is for those who have a story to tell and have been wondering how to get that story going—to access the creative energy and writing craft practices that bring stories alive on the page.
The course will impart ways to entice creativity back into our writing and daily lives. Through a combination of short presentations, discussion of selected readings, writing exercises and workshopping, we will explore new ways of seeing and 'making things new' as writers. We will explore meditation techniques, drama and drawing to access the parts of us where the muse lives. .....
Crafting Poetry
Who: Lisa Jacobson
When: Saturday 22 August, 10am-4pm
Cost: Full Price: $180; Member: $125; Conc Member: $110
"I have never started a poem yet whose end I knew. Writing a poem is discovering."
Robert Frost
Creating a good poem is like making a fine table. It requires the right tools and imagination to craft a work of beauty that draws people in, rather than something that gets thrown out in the next hard rubbish collection. Maybe you have never written a poem before, or maybe you already write poetry but would like to extend your range. Writers of all levels will gain knowledge, inspiration and skills in this one-day session about what makes poetry work. .....
Writing Short Fiction
Who: Maxine Beneba Clarke
When: Saturday 22 August, 10am-4pm
Cost: Full price: $180; Member: $125; Conc Member: $110
This course is aimed at assisting participants to write original, engaging, and technically proficient short fiction – covering facets such as narrative voice, structure, characterisation and plot development.
While the morning session will be theoretical, unpacking and examining the techniques of a diverse range of short story masters, the afternoon session will be more practical, engaging participants in writing exercises and encouraging them to apply the morning's lessons to their own work. .....


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After 20-plus years, the Cameron remains a favourite with Queen West bohemian hipsters. The eclectic booking policy meanders through cabaret, country, jazz,...408 Queen Street W
This classy folk club was a dream of Richard and Hugh Carson. Hugh died before the dream was realised, but his name and spirit lives on in this West End...2261 Dundas Street W
The first concert at this historic auditorium took place in 1894 and featured Handel's Messiah, performed by a 500-member choir and 70-piece orchestra....178 Victoria Street

subset: commoncrawl


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What a heated topic (& rightfully so) .... no, I do not see Annual Passes ever going away, but I do see their prices going UP (& perhaps a maximum amount available per year)!
If I was a Southern California resident who could afford an Annual Pass, I would invest in one (alas, I am not). My ONLY pet peeve is that the Disneyland Resort does nothing to help Out of State Park Guests save money (not enough discounts, or special offers that Southern California residents can get); while their competitors Knott's Berry Farm, and Universal Studios Hollywood do!
I get the impression the Suit n' Ties running Disneyland / DCA do not care about Out of State Park Guests (or Park Guests coming from outside of the United States), because if they did? There would be more "special offers & discounts" marketed to encourage our visits!
Alas, it will be 2015 by the time I get back to Disneyland (hopefully, by their 60th Anniversary the rehabs will be done, new rides / attractions will be available, changes will be made to herd crowds easily through the hubs & I'll be able to pay off investing in visiting before Admission Prices go up again) ....


text:
Possible Answer
VIP2200 and VIP2250 Rear Panel The VIP2200 and VIP2250 have nearly identical rear panel connectors arranged in the same order. AT&T VIP2232 Rear Panel (573205-007-00) - read more
This manual covers the information you need to connect your receiver to the in-home IP network and into your entertainment system. It also outlines certain safeguards. - read more
Please vote if the answer you were given helped you or not, thats the best way to improve our algorithm. You can also submit an answer or search documents about vip2250 manual.


text:
A solid and/or cellular polyurethane elastomers which are produced using polyester polyols are disclosed. The elastomers which exhibit improved stability to hydrolysis are characterized in that their preparation is carried out in the presence of at least one esters of monobasic carboxylic acid or polybasic carboxylic acids, the (first) dissociation constant (pK) of which is 0.5 to 4.
1. A polyurethane elastomer comprising the product of the reaction of:
a) at least one member selected from the group consisting of diisocyanate and polyisocyanate;
b) at least one polyester polyol having an OH number of 20 to 280 and a functionality of 1.8 to 2.4, and optionally;
c) at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyether polyol and polyether ester polyol, each having an OH number of 10 to 149 and a functionality of 2 to 8; and
d) optionally at least one member selected from the group consisting of
(i) chain extenders having molecular weights lower than 800, and (ii) crosslinking agents having OH numbers of 150 to 1870,
in the presence of
e) at least one amine catalyst,
f) at least one member selected from the group consisting of (i) an ester of a monobasic carboxylic acid, and (ii) an ester of a polybasic carboxylic acid, the (first) dissociation constant (pK) of each being 0.5 to 4, said ester of said polybasic carboxylic acid (ii) containing a residue of a polybasic carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, malonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, citric acid, phthalic acid, trimellitic acid and pyromellitic acid, and said ester of said polybasic carboxylic acid (ii) containing at least one residue of an alcohol selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol n-propanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, iso-butanol, tert.-butanol and phenol,
g) optionally a foaming agent, and
h) optionally at least one additive selected from the group consisting of emulsifiers, foam stabilizers, cell-size regulators, flame retardants, nucleating agents, antioxidants, internal lubricants, demolding agents, colorants, dispersing agents, pigments, reaction retarders, aging stabilizers, plasticizers, fungicides and antibacteria agents,
wherein the maximum ratio of the number of ester groups of f) to the number of amino groups of e) is 1.0.
2. The polyurethane elastomer of
3. A molded article comprising the polyurethane elastomer of
4. A method comprising:
(i) providing a reaction mixture according to
(ii) producing, from said reaction mixture, a molded article selected from the group consisting of a roller, an elastic element and a shoe sole.
5. The polyurethane elastomer of
6. The polyurethane elastomer of
7. The polyurethane elastomer of
8. The polyurethane elastomer of
The present invention relates to solid and/or cellular polyurethane elastomers (PUR elastomers) which are produced using polyester polyols and which exhibit improved stability to hydrolysis, and to methods for the production thereof.
A solid and/or cellular polyurethane elastomers which are produced using polyester polyols are disclosed. The elastomers which exhibit improved stability to hydrolysis are characterized in that their preparation is carried out in the presence of at least one esters of monobasic carboxylic acid or polybasic carboxylic acids, the (first) dissociation constant (pK) of which is 0.5 to 4.
Semi-rigid, elastic polyurethane moldings in solid or cellular form, i.e. in slightly foamed form, are often synthesized based on polyester-polyurethane materials. In order to improve the durability of these material in humid environments, i.e. under conditions which give rise to hydrolysis, EP-A 982 336 teaches that acids or acid derivatives should be admixed with the isocyanate component in order to effect blocking, by protonation, of the amines and of the amine catalysts which are possibly contained therein, which are released due to the hydrolysis of the polyisocyanate polyaddition product, and thus to prevent any further cleavage of the urethane bond. For this purpose, the acids or acid derivatives are used in a molar excess in relation to the amines contained in the mixture. DE-OS 198 38 167 proposes the use of acid anhydrides for the same purpose.
It has now been found that polyester-polyurethanes which are particularly stable to hydrolysis are obtained if esters of mono- or polybasic carboxylic acids, the (first) dissociation constant of which has a pK value of 0.5 to 4, are added in substoichiometric amounts to the polyurethane formulation.
The present invention relates to polyurethane elastomers prepared by reacting
a) di- and/or polyiisocyanates with
b) at least one polyester polyol with an OH number of 20 to 280, preferably 28 to 150, and a functionality of 1 to 3, preferably 1.8 to 2.4, and optionally with
c) other polyether polyols or polyether ester polyols with OH numbers of 10 to 149 and functionalities of 2 to 8, and optionally with
d) low molecular weight chain extenders and/or crosslinking agents with OH numbers of 150 to 1870,
in the presence of
e) amine catalysts,
f) esters of mono- or polybasic carboxylic acids, the (first) dissociation constant (pK) of which is 0.5 to 4, preferably of 1 to 3, and optionally of
g) foaming agents, and optionally of
h) additives, wherein the maximum ratio of the number of ester groups in component f) to the number of amino groups in component e) is 1.0, preferably 0.5 to 0.8.
The PUR elastomers are preferably produced by the prepolymer method, wherein in the first step a polyaddition product which contains isocyanate groups is advantageously produced from at least part of the polyester polyol b) or from a mixture thereof with polyol component c) and at least one di- or polyisocyanate a). In the second step, solid PUR elastomers are produced by reacting the product obtained in the first step with low molecular weight chain extenders and/or crosslinking agents d) and/or with the remaining part of polyol components b) or c) or a mixture thereof. If water or other foaming agents, or mixtures thereof, are used in conjunction in the second step, microcellular PUR elastomers may be produced.
Suitable starting components a) for the method according to the invention are aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic, aromatic and heterocyclic polyisocyanates. These are described, for example, by of W. Siefken in Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, 562, pages 75 to 136; for example those of formula
wherein n=24, preferably 2, and Q denotes a aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 2-18, preferably 6-10 C atoms, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 4-15, preferably 5-10 C atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical containing 6-15, preferably 6-13 C atoms, or an araliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 8-15, preferably 8-13 C atoms, e.g. ethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-tetramethylene diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 1,12-dodecane diisocyanate, cyclobutane-1,3-diisocyanate, cyclohexane 1,3- and -1,4-diisocyanates and any mixtures of these isomers, 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethyl-cyclohexane, 2,4- and 2,6-hexahydrotoluene diisocyanates and any mixtures of these isomers, hexahydro-1,3-and 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, perhydro-2,4- and 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,3- and 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 1,4-durol diisocyanate (DDI), 4,4′-stilbene diisocyanate, 3,3′-dimethyl-4,4′-biphenylene diisocyanate (TODI), toluene 2,4- and 2,6-diisocyanates (TDI), and any mixtures of these isomers, diphenylmethane-2,4′- and/or -4,4′-diisocyanate (MDI), or naphthylene-1,5-iisocyanate (NDI).
Examples of other suitable isocyanates include triphenylmethane 4,4′,4″-triisocyanate, polyphenyl-polymethylene polyisocyanates such as those which are obtained by aniline-formaldehyde condensation and subsequent phosgenation and which are described in GB-PS 874 430 and GB-PS 848 671 for example, m- and p-isocyanatophenylsulphonyl isocyanates according to U.S. Pat. No. 3,454,606, perchlorinated aryl polyisocyanates such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,277,138, polyisocyanates which contain carbodiimide groups such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,152,162 and in DE-OS 25 04 400, 25 37 685 and 25 52 350, norbornane diisocyanates according to U.S. Pat. No. 3,492,301, polyisocyanates comprising allophanate groups such as those described in GB-PS 994 890, BE-PS 761 626 and NL-A 7 102 524, polyisocyanates comprising isocyanurate groups such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,001,9731, in DE-PS 10 22 789, 12 22 067 and 1 027 394 and in DE-OS 1 929 034 and 2 004 048, polyisocyanates comprising urethane groups such as those described in BE-PS 752 261 or in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,394,164 and 3,644,457, polyisocyanates comprising acylated urea groups according to DE-PS 1 230 778, polyisocyanates comprising biuret groups such as those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,124,605, 3,201,372 and 3,124,605 and in GB-PS 889 050, polyisocyanates produced by telomerisation reactions such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,654,106, polyisocyanates comprising ester groups such as those cited in GB-PS 965 474 and 1 072 956, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,567,763 and in DE-PS 12 31 688, reaction products of the aforementioned isocyanates with acetals according to DE-PS 1 072 385, and polymeric polyisocyanates containing fatty acid esters according to U.S. Pat. No. 3,455,883, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
It is also possible to use distillation residues which result from the industrial production of isocyanates and which are optionally dissolved in one or more of the aforementioned polyisocyanates. Moreover, it is possible to use any mixtures of the aforementioned polyisocyanates.
The polyisocyanates which are preferably used are those which are readily obtainable industrially, e.g. 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate and any mixtures of these isomers ("TDI"), 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2,2′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and polyphenyl-polymethylene polyisocyanates, such as those which are produced by aniline-formaldehyde condensation and subsequent phosgenation ("crude MDI") and polyisocyanates which comprise carbodiimide groups, uretonimine groups, urethane groups, allophanate groups, isocyanurate groups, urea groups or biuret groups ("modified polyisocyanates"), particularly those modified polyisocyanates which are derived from toluene 2,4- and/or 2,6-diisocyanate or from 4,4′- and/or 2,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate. Naphthylene 1,5-diisocyanate and mixtures of the aforementioned polyisocyanates are also quite suitable.
The prepolymers which are most preferably used in the method according to the invention, however, are those which contain isocyanate groups which are produced by the reaction of at least a partial amount of polyester polyol b) or of at least a partial amount of a mixture of polyester polyol b), polyol component c) and/or chain extenders and/or crosslinking agents d) with at least one aromatic diisocyanate from the group comprising TDI, MDI, TODI, DIBDI, NDI, DDI, preferably with 4,4′-MDI and/or 2,4-TDI and/or 1.5-NDI to form a polyaddition product containing urethane groups and isocyanate groups which has an NCO content of 10 to 27% by weight, preferably 12 to 25% by weight.
As stated above, mixtures of b), c) and d) may be used for the production of the prepolymers which contain isocyanate groups. According to one preferred embodiment, however, the prepolymers which contain isocyanate groups are produced without chain extenders or crosslinking agents d).
The prepolymers which contain isocyanate groups may be produced in the presence of catalysts. It is also possible, however, to produce the prepolymers which contain isocyanate groups in the absence of catalysts and to add the latter to the reaction mixture for the production of the PUR elastomers only.
Suitable polyester polyols b) may be produced, for example, from organic dicarboxylic acids comprising 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably aliphatic dicarboxylic acids comprising 4 to 6 carbon atoms, and polyhydric alcohols, preferably diols, comprising 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of suitable dicarboxylic acids include: succinic acid, malonic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, decane-dicarboxylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid. The dicarboxylic acids may be used either individually or in admixture with each other. Instead of the free dicarboxylic acids, the corresponding dicarboxylic acid derivatives, such as dicarboxylic acid mono and/or diesters of alcohols comprising 1 to 4 carbon atoms may be used, or dicarboxylic anhydrides may also be used. Mixtures of dicarboxylic acids comprising succinic, glutaric and adipic acids are preferably used, in quantitative ratios of 20 to 35/35 to 50/20 to 32 parts by weight for example, particularly adipic acid. Examples of di- and polyhydric alcohols include ethanediol, diethylene glycol, 1,2- and 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-methylpropanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,10-decanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol. 1,2-ethanediol, diethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, glycerol, trimethylol-propane or mixtures of at least two of the aforementioned diols are preferably used, particularly mixtures containing at least two of ethanediol, 1,4-butanediol and 1,6-hexanediol, glycerol and trimethylolpropane. In addition, polyester polyols of lactones, e.g. ε-caprolactone, or hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. o-hydroxycaproic acid and hydroxyacetic acid, may be used.
For the production of the polyester polyols, organic polycarboxylic acids, e.g. aromatic or preferably aliphatic polycarboxylic acids and/or derivatives thereof, and polyhydric alcohols, may be polycondensed, in the absence of catalysts or in the presence of esterification catalysts, advantageously in an atmosphere of inert gases such as nitrogen, carbon monoxide, helium or argon, in solution or in the melt, at 150 to 300° C., preferably at 180 to 230° C., optionally under reduced pressure, to the desired acid number, which is advantageously less than 10 and is preferably less than 1.
According to a preferred method of production, the esterification mixture is polycondensed at the aforementioned temperatures to an acid number of 80 to 30, preferably 40 to 30, under normal pressure and is subsequently polycondensed under a pressure less than 500 mbar, preferably 10 to 150 mbar. Examples of suitable esterification catalysts include iron, cadmium, cobalt, lead, zinc, antimony, magnesium and tin catalysts in the form of metals, metal oxides or metal salts. Polycondensation may also be conducted, however, in a liquid phase in the presence of diluents or entraining agents such as benzene, toluene, xylene or chlorobenzene, for the removal by azeotropic distillation of the water of condensation.
For the production of the polyester polyols, the organic polycarboxylic acids and/or derivatives thereof are polycondensed with polyhydric alcohols, advantageously in a molar ratio of 1:1 to 1,8, preferably 1:1.05 to 1.2. The polyester polyols which are obtained preferably have a functionality of 1 to 3, particularly 1.8 to 2.4, and a number average molecular weight of 400 to 6000, preferably 800 to 3500.
Polycarbonates which comprise hydroxyl groups should also be cited as suitable polyester polyols. Suitable polycarbonates which comprise hydroxyl groups include those known in the art which may be produced, for example, by the reaction of diols such as 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, trioxyethylene glycol and/or tetraoxyethylene glycol with dialkyl carbonates or diaryl carbonates, e.g. diphenyl carbonate, or phosgene.
Difunctional polyester polyols with a number average molecular weight of 500 to 6000, preferably of 800 to 3500, and particularly of 1000 to 3300, are preferably used for the production of the elastomers according to the invention.
Polyether polyols and polyether ester polyols c) are optionally used for the production of the elastomers according to the invention. Polyether polyols may be produced by known methods, for example by the anionic polymerization of alkylene oxides in the presence of alkali hydroxides or alkali alcoholates as catalysts and with the addition of at least one starter molecule which contains 2 to 3 bonded, reactive hydrogen atoms, or by the cationic polymerization of alkylene oxides in the presence of Lewis acids such as antimony pentachloride or boron fluoride etherate. Suitable alkylene oxides contain 2 to 4 carbon atoms in their alkylene radical. Examples thereof include tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-propylene oxide and 1,2- or 2,3-butylene oxide. Ethylene oxide and/or 1,2-propylene oxide are preferably used. The alkylene oxides may be used individually, alternately in succession or as mixtures. Mixtures of 1,2-propylene oxide and ethylene oxide are preferably used, wherein the ethylene oxide is used in amounts of 10 to 50% as an ethylene oxide terminal block ("EO cap"), so that the resulting polyols contain more than 70% of primary OH terminal groups. Suitable starter molecules include water or di- and trihydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol and 1,3-propanediol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-ethanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, etc. Suitable polyether polyols have a functionality of 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 6, most preferably 2 to 4 and number average molecular weights of 500 to 8000, preferably 800 to 3500. Poly(oxypropylene-polyoxyethylene) polyols are preferably used.
Other suitable polyether polyols include polymer-modified polyether polyols, preferably graft polyether polyols, particularly those based on styrene and/or acrylonitrile which are produced by the in situ polymerization of acrylonitrile, styrene or preferably of mixtures of styrene and acrylonitrile, e.g. in a ratio by weight of 90:10 to 10:90, preferably 70:30 to 30:70 in the aforementioned polyether polyols, and also include polyether polyol dispersions which contain the following substances, for example, as a disperse phase, usually in an amount of 1 to 50% by weight, preferably 2 to 25% by weight: inorganic fillers, polyureas, polyhydrazides, polyurethanes which contain bonded tert.-amino groups and/or melamine.
Polyether ester polyols may also be added to improve the compatibility of the polyester polyol from b) and the polyether polyol of c). These polyether ester polyols are obtained by the propoxylation or ethoxylation of polyester polyols which preferably have a functionality of 1 to 3, particularly 1.8 to 2.4, and a number average molecular weight of 400 to 6000, preferably 800 to 3500.
For the production of the PUR elastomers according to the invention, low molecular weight difunctional chain extenders, tri- or tetra-functional crosslinking agents, or mixtures of chain extenders and crosslinking agents, may additionally be used as component d).
Chain extenders and crosslinking agents d) of this type are used for modifying the mechanical properties, particularly the hardness, of PUR elastomers. Suitable chain extenders such as alkanediols, dialkylene glycols and polyalkylene polyols, and crosslinking agents e.g. tri- or tetrahydric alcohols and oligomeric polyalkylene polyols with a functionality of 3 to 4, usually have molecular weights<800, preferably from 18 to 400, and particularly from 60 to 300. The chain extenders which are preferably used include alkanediols containing 2 to 12, preferably 2, 4 or 6 carbon atoms, e.g. ethanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol and particularly 1,4-butanediol, and dialkylene glycols containing 4 to 8 carbon atoms, e.g. diethylene glycol and dipropylene glycol as well as polyoxyalkylene glycols. Other substances which are suitable here include branched chain and/or unsaturated alkanediols which usually contain not more than 12 carbon atoms, such as 1,2-propanediol, 2 methyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-butene-1,4-diol and 2-butyne-1,4-diol, diesters of terephthalic acid with glycols comprising 2 to 4 carbon atoms, such as terephthalic acid-bis-ethylene glycol or terephthalic acid-bis- 1,4-butanediol, hydroxyalkylene ethers of hydroquinone or resorcinol, e.g. 1,4-di-(β-hydroxyethyl)-hydroquinone or 1,3-(β-hydroxyethyl)-resorcinol, alkanolamines comprising 2 to 12 carbon atoms such as ethanolamine, 2-aminopropanol and 3-amino-2,2-dimethylpropanol; N-alkyldialkanolamines, e.g. N-methyl- and N-ethyl-diethanolamines, (cyclo)aliphatic diamines comprising 2 to 15 carbon atoms, such as 1,2-ethylenediamine, 1,3-propylenediamine, 1,4-butylenediamine and 1,6-hexamethylenediamine, isophoronediamine, 1,4-cyclohexamethylenediamine and 4,4′-diamino dicyclohexylmethane; N-alkyl-, N,N′-dialkyl-substituted and aromatic diamines, which may also be substituted by alkyl groups on their aromatic radical, and comprising 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms in their N-alkyl radical, such as N,N′-diethyl-, N,N′-di-sec.-pentyl-, N,N′-di-sec.-hexyl-, N,N′-di-sec.-decyl- and N,N′-dicyclohexyl-, (p- or m-)phenylenediamine, N,N′-dimethyl-, N′,-diethyl-, N,N′-diisopropyl-, N,N′-di-sec.-butyl-, N,N′-dicyclohexyl-, 4,4′-diamino-diphenylmethane, N,N′-di-sec.-butylbenzidine, methylene-bis(4-amino-3-benzoic acid methyl-ester), 2,4-chloro-4,4′-diamino-diphenylmethane, and 2,4- and 2,6-diaminotoluene.
The compounds of component d) may be used in the form of mixtures or individually. Mixtures of chain extenders and crosslinking agents may also be used.
In order to adjust the hardness of the PUR elastomers, synthesis components b), c) and d) may be varied within relatively wide quantitative ratios, wherein the hardness increases with increasing content of component d) in the reaction mixture.
In order to obtain a desired hardness of the material, the requisite amounts of synthesis components b), c) and d) may be determined experimentally in a simple manner. 1 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 3 to 20 parts by weight, of chain extenders and/or crosslinking agents d) are advantageously used with respect to 100 parts by weight of high molecular weight compounds b) and c).
Amine catalysts which are familiar to one skilled in the art may be used as component e), e.g. tertiary amines such as triethylamine, tributylamine, N-methylmorpholine, N-ethyl-morpholine, N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-ethylenediamine, pentamethyldiethylene-triamine and higher homologues thereof (DE-OS 2624 527 and 26 24 528), 1,4-diaza-bicyclo-(2,2,2)-octane, N-methyl-N′-dimethylaminoethyl-piperazine, bis-(dimethylaminoalkyl)-piperazine, N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, N,N-diethylbenzylamine, bis-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl)adipate, N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-1,3-butanediamine, N,N-dimethyl-β-phenylethylamine, bis-(dimethyl-aminopropyl)-urea, 1,2-dimethylimidazole, 2-methylimidazole, monocyclic and bicyclic amidines, bis-(dialkylamino)-alkyl ethers, as well as tertiary amines which contain amide groups (preferably formamide groups) according to DE-OS 25 23 633 and 2732 292. Suitable catalysts also include Mannich bases which are known in the art, comprising secondary amines such as dimethylamine, and aldehydes, preferably formaldehyde, or ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone or cyclohexanone, and phenols such as phenol, nonylphenol or bisphenol. Examples of tertiary amines which comprise active hydrogen atoms which are reactive towards isocyanate groups and which may be used as catalysts include triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, N-methyl-diethanolamine, N-ethyl-diethanolamine, N,N-dimethylethanolamine, the reaction products thereof with alkylene oxides such as propylene oxide and/or ethylene oxide, as well as secondary-tertiary amines according to DE-OS 27 32 292. Silaamines comprising carbon-silicon bonds may also be used as catalysts, such as those which are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,620,984, e.g. 2,2,4-trimethyl-2-silamorpholine and 1,3-diethyl-aminomethyl-tetramethyldisiloxane. Bases which contain nitrogen may also be used, such as tetraalkylammonium hydroxides, as may hexahydrotriazines. The reaction between NCO groups and Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms is also considerably speeded up by lactams and azalactams. According to the invention, organic compounds of metals, particularly organic tin compounds, may be used in conjunction as additional catalysts. Apart from compounds which contain sulphur, such as di-n-octyltin mercaptide, the preferred organic tin compounds are tin(II) salts of carboxylic acids such as tin(II) acetate, tin(II) octoate, tin(II) ethylhexoate and tin(II)laurate, as well as tin(IV) compounds such as dibutyltin oxide, dibutyltin dichloride, dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin maleate or dioctyltin diacetate.
The catalysts or combinations of catalysts are generally used in an amount between about 0.001 and 10% by weight, particularly from 0.01 to 1% by weight, with respect to the total amount of compounds which contain at least two hydrogen atoms which are capable of reacting with isocyanates.
Esters of mono- or polybasic carboxylic acids are used as component f). The pK values, as determined in aqueous solution, of the (first) dissociation constant of these carboxylic acids generally range from 0.5 to 4, preferably from 1 to 3. Examples of suitable acid components include alkylmonocarboxylic acids such as formic acid, alkylpolycarboxylic acids, such as oxalic acid, malonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and citric acid, arylmonocarboxylic acids such as α-naphthoic acid and arylpolycarboxylic acids, such as isomers and alkyl-substituted derivatives of phthalic acid, trimellitic acid, and pyromellitic acid, isomers of naphthalene-dicarboxylic acid, and cyclic double esters of α-hydroxycarboxylic acids such as mandelic acid or lactic acid. Saturated C2-C4 alkylpolycarboxylic acids are preferably used; oxalic acid is particularly preferred. Examples of suitable alcohol components include aliphatic mono- and polyols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, iso-propanol, ethylene glycol, 1,2- and 1,3-propanediol, isomers of butanol, 2-butene-1,4-diol, 2-butyne-1,4-diol, neopentyl glycol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol. Examples of suitable aryl alcohols include phenol and substituted derivatives thereof, naphthol and alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof, hydroquinone, resorcinol, trihydroxybenzenes, and all the polyether and polyether ester polyols cited under c). Aliphatic monools are preferred, particularly methanol, ethanol, n- or i-propanol, or n-, i- or tert.-butanol.
Component f) is used for the production of the elastomers according to the invention in amounts such that the maximum ratio of the number of ester groups contained in component f) to the number of amino groups contained in component e) is 1.0. A ratio from 0.5 to 0.8 is preferably selected.
Solid PUR elastomers, e.g. PUR cast elastomers, may be produced by the method according to the invention in the absence of moisture and of physically or chemically-acting foaming agents.
Water is preferably used as the foaming agent g) for the production of cellular, preferably microcellular PUR elastomers. Water reacts in situ with organic polyisocyanates a) or with prepolymers which contain isocyanate groups, with the formation of carbon dioxide and amino groups which in turn react with further isocyanate groups to form urea groups and thereby act as chain extenders.
If water has to be added to the polyurethane formulation in order to achieve the desired density, it is usually added in amounts of 0.001 to 3.0% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 2.0% by weight, particularly 0.05 to 0.5% by weight, with respect to the weight of synthesis components a), b) and optionally c) and d).
Instead of or preferably in combination with water, it is possible to use gases or readily volatile inorganic or organic substances as foaming agents g). Said substances volatilize under the effect of the exothermic polyaddition reaction and advantageously have boiling points under normal pressure within the range from 40 to 120° C., preferably from 10 to 90° C. Examples of suitable organic foaming agents include acetone, ethyl acetate, halogen-substituted alkanes or perhalogenated alkanes such as (R134a, R141b, R65mfc, R245fa), as well as butane, pentane, cyclopentane, hexane cyclohexane, heptane or diethyl ether. Examples of suitable inorganic foaming agents include air, CO2 and N2O. A foam formation effect may also be achieved by the addition of compounds which decompose at temperatures above room temperature with the evolution of gases, for example nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide, such as azo compounds, e.g. azodicarbonamide or azoisobutyronitrile, or salts such as ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbamate or ammonium salts of organic carboxylic acids, e.g. monoammonium salts of malonic acid, boric acid, formic acid or acetic acid. Other examples of foaming agents, as well as details of the use of foaming agents are described by R. Vieweg and A. Höchtlen (Editors) in "Kunststoff-Handbuch", Volume VII, Carl-Hanser-Verlag, Munich, 3rd Edition, 1993, pages 115-118, 710-715.
The amount of solid foaming agents which is advantageously used, or the amount of low-boiling liquids or gases which may each be used individually or in the form of mixtures, e.g. as liquid or gas mixtures or as gas-liquid mixtures, depends on the sought-after density and on the amount of water used. The requisite amounts may easily be determined experimentally.
Satisfactory results are usually obtained by employing amounts of solids of 0.5 to 35% by weight, preferably 2 to 15% by weight, amounts of liquids of 0.5 to 30% by weight, preferably 0.8 to 18% by weight and/or amounts of gases of 0.01 to 80% by weight, preferably 10 to 50% by weight, with respect to the weight of synthesis components a), b), c) and optionally d) in each case. Gases, e.g. air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and/or helium, may be introduced via the high molecular weight polyhydroxyl compounds b) and c), via the low molecular weight chain extenders and/or crosslinking agents d), via polyisocyanate a), or via a) and b) and optionally c) and d).
Additives h) may optionally be added to the reaction mixture for the production of solid and cellular PUR elastomers. Suitable examples thereof include surface-active additives such as emulsifiers, foam stabilisers, cell regulators; flame retardants, nucleating agents, antioxidants, stabilisers, internal lubricants and demoulding agents, colorants, dispersing agents and pigments. Examples of suitable emulsifiers include sodium salts of ricinolsulphonates or salts of fatty acids with amines such as diethylamine oleate or diethanolamine stearate. Alkali or ammonium salts of sulphonic acids such as dodecylbenzenesulphonic acid or dinaphthylmethanedisulphonic acid or of fatty acids such as ricinoleic acid or of polymeric fatty acids, for instance, may also be used in conjunction as surface-active additives. The preferred foam stabilisers are polyether siloxanes, particularly water-soluble representatives thereof. These compounds are generally synthesised by bonding a copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide to a polydimethylsiloxane radical. Foam stabilisers of this type are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,834,748, 2,917,480 and 3,629,308 for example. Polysiloxane-polyoxyalkylene copolymers according to DE-OS 25 58 523, which are multiply-branched via allophanate groups, are of particular interest. Substances which are also suitable include other organopolysiloxanes, oxyethylated alkylphenols, oxyethylated fatty alcohols, paraffin oils, esters of castor oil or of ricinoleic acid, Turkey red oil, peanut oil, and cell regulators such as paraffins, fatty alcohols and polydimethylsiloxane. Moreover, oligomeric polyacrylates comprising polyoxyalkylene and fluoroalkane radicals as side groups are suitable for improving the emulsifying effect, the dispersion of the fillers, the cell structure and/or for the stabilization thereof. These surface-active substances are usually employed in amounts of 0.01 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of high molecular weight polyhydroxyl compounds b) and c). Substances which may also be added include reaction retarders, pigments or colorants, and flame retardants which are known in the art, as well as stabilisers which afford protection from the effects of aging and weathering, plasticisers, and substances which have a fungiostatic or bacteriostatic effect.
Further examples of surface-active additives and foam stabilisers which may be used in conjunction according to the invention, as well as cell regulators, reaction retarders, stabilisers, flame retardant substances, plasticisers, colorants and fillers, and substances which have a fungiostatic or bacteriostatic effect, together with details of the manner of use and the mode of action thereof, are described by R. Vieweg and A. Höchtlen (Editors) in the "Kunststoff-Handbuch", Volume VII, Carl-Hanser-Verlag, Munich, 3rd Edition, 1993, pages 118-124.
For the production of the PUR elastomers according to the invention, the components are reacted in amounts such that the equivalent ratio of NCO groups of polyisocyanate a) to the sum of the hydrogen atoms of components b), c), d) which react with NCO and of the chemically-acting foaming agents which are optionally used ranges from 0.8:1 to 1.2:1, preferably from 0.95:1 to 1.15:1, particularly from 1.00:1 to 1.05:1.
The PUR materials according to the invention may be produced by methods described in the literature, e.g. by the one-shot or prepolymer methods, with the aid of mixing apparatuses known in principle to one skilled in the art. They are preferably produced by the prepolymer method.
In one embodiment of the production of the PUR materials according to the invention, the starting components are homogeneously mixed in the absence of foaming agents g), usually at a temperature of 20 to 80° C., preferably of 25 to 60° C., and the reaction mixture is introduced into an open forming tool, which is optionally heated, and is allowed to cure. In a further production variant for the PUR elastomers according to the invention, the synthesis components are mixed in the same manner in the presence of foaming agents g), preferably water, and are introduced into the forming tool, which is optionally heated. After it has been filled, the forming tool is closed and the reaction mixture is allowed to foam to form a foamed body. This process is accompanied by densification, e.g. a degree of densification (ratio of the density of the foamed body to the density of the free foam) of 1.05 to 8, preferably 1.1 to 6, particularly 1.2 to 4. As soon as the foamed body possesses an adequate strength, it is demoulded. Amongst other factors, the demoulding time depends on the temperature and geometry of the forming tool and on the reactivity of the reaction mixture, and usually ranges from 2 to 15 minutes.
Depending on the type and content of fillers, amongst other factors, solid PUR elastomers according to the invention have a density of 0.8 to 1.4 g/cm3, preferably 1.0 to 1.25 g/cm3. Cellular PUR elastomers according to the invention have densities of 0.2 to 1.4 g/cm3, preferably 0.30 to 0.8 g/cm3.
Polyurethane plastics of this type constitute particularly valuable raw materials for industrial articles which are usually exposed to weathering and moisture, such as rollers and elastic elements, as well as shoe soles of single- or multi-layer construction.
In order to produce polyurethane test pieces, the A component (at 45° C.) was mixed in a low pressure foam installation (NDI) with the B component (at 45° C.) at a ratio by weight of the A component to the B component of 100:60, the mixture was cast into an aluminum folding mould (of size 200 by 140 by 5 mm) which was heated to 50° C., the folding mould was closed, and the elastomer was demoulded after 3 minutes.
Using a punching tool, shaped, necked bars (type: Bar I [ISO Standard 37 Type I]) were punched as test pieces out of the elastomer slabs which were thus obtained, after the latter had been stored for 24 hours. Before the commencement of the aging tests, the initial values of the tensile strength of three test pieces were determined according to the aforementioned Standard. Thereafter, the test pieces were subjected to an aging test at 70° C. and 100% relative humidity. Samples were taken at regular intervals of 2-5 days, at which intervals three test pieces were removed from the test chamber, were reconditioned at 25° C. for 24 hours, and the tensile strength thereof was then measured according DIN 53504. The results are given in Table 2.
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However, in old Srinagar and some civil lines areas, where the separatist sentiment is the strongest, a majority of the polling booths have recorded either no voting at all or just one or two votes after three hours of polling that started at 7am.
The official estimates support the ground reports. The turnout for the entire constituency, where over 11 lakh voters are registered, was 26% at 3pm.
Although a double-digit turnout was recorded in Hazratbal, Zadibal, Khanyar and Eidgah areas of the city, only a voter or two had visited many polling booths in Gojwara, Nowhatta, Safakadal.
"There are three polling booths in Islamia School. Till 10:30am, only three votes were cast. Around 2,000 people are registered here," said a polling official, who wished not to be named.
The officials said they had been discharging their duties in an atmosphere of fear and threat of "attacks by civilians".
"The polling station was pelted with stones last night. We had to be shifted to the nearby police station for some time," the official said.
Stone pelting has been reported from some civil lines areas like Batamaloo as well.
Poll officials stationed at Safakadal, an area in the old city, said five polling booths located in the school are intermittently being attacked with stones.
A few kilometers away, voters were coming out after casting votes at a polling station in Greenland School.
"We don't support election boycott. Wasting vote is a sin," said a voter, who did not wish to be named.The same sentiment was shared by a group of women in Nowpora polling station.
"If we get benefits, there is no reason why shouldn't we vote," said a woman, who had come to vote along with her daughter-in-law.
Hinna (name changed), who had travelled all the way from Mumbai to cast her vote, said, "Even if we want that ourselves to be heard on human rights, sufferings and draconian laws like ASFPA , we need the right people to represent us."
On the other extreme, those who are boycotting, voting amounts to "justifying Indian rule in Kashmir".
For those who did not heed to boycott calls, voting was a way of showing gratitude to the incumbent MP for good work in the constituency, a means to change the NC-Cong coalition that "has failed them" or simply a right that has to be exercised.
Live updates from states
Andhra Pradesh | Punjab | Gujarat | Uttar Pradesh | West Bengal | Bihar | Jammu and Kashmir
Full Coverage: My India My VoteLok Sabha polls phase five: Key candidates


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Mike Hoffman wins Joe's Pizzeria pizza-eating contest
Mike Hoffman, 31, of Farmingdale, is the winner of Joe's Pizzeria's fourth annual pizza-eating competition in Holbrook. Contestants were challenged to eat as much pizza as they could in 10 minutes. Here's a look at some photos from the contest on July 6, 2013.
Long Island and New York City's top photos LI's Tobias Harris hosts basketball camp Recent LI mug shots LIers reveal how they dropped up to 210 lbs. Fly over LI landmarks Long Island goes to the prom 2015 Old Navy, Sears, more sales this weekend 28 LI ZIP codes top most expensive in U.S. 26 weird Long Island laws 21 quirky roadside attractions on LI LI celebrity yearbook: The '90s Peek into Long Island's most lavish homes


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Author's Note: Please take a few minutes and Join the Firedoglake Membership Program today. FDL provides the tools that help me and others extend our reach with our rants so we need to support FDL when we can.
So, you may have noticed that the November jobs report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics is out today (via CNN):
Hiring accelerated in November, and the unemployment rate unexpectedly plummeted to its lowest rate in nearly three years.
Employers added 120,000 jobs in November, the Labor Department reported Friday, marking a pick-up in hiring from October.
Meanwhile, the unemployment rate fell to 8.6%, the lowest rate since March 2009 and a significant decline from 9% just a month before.
Sounds great, right? Well not so fast there Bunky (from the NY Times):
Still, serious concerns remain about the economy's ability to weather a potential meltdown in Europe.
American governments at all levels continued to bleed workers, for one. And the decline in the unemployment rate had a down side: It fell partly because more workers got jobs, but also because about 315,000 workers dropped out of the labor force. That left the share of Americans actively participating in the work force at a historically depressed 64 percent, down from 64.2 percent in October.
Even excluding these hundreds of thousands of dropouts, the country still had a backlog of more than 13 million unemployed workers, whose spells of unemployment averaged an all-time high of 40.9 weeks.
Think about that for a moment. There were 120K new jobs for November while 315K left the workforce because they had given up on finding a job. It takes nearly 100K new jobs each month just to maintain the status quo. 120K new jobs for the month, while positive, is still a pittance of what is needed. And more than 2 1/2 times the numbers of folks who got jobs left the workforce discouraged. [cont'd.]
MSNBC notes that even the "good news" needs to be tempered as:
The average number of hours worked remained flat in November, while wages fell by 0.1 percent.
More than half the new jobs November were added by retailers, restaurants and bars. Retailers added 50,000 jobs, the sector's biggest gain since April. Restaurants and bars hired 33,000 new workers. The health care industry added 17,000.
"The quality of jobs is not as great as you would like to see," said Mark Vitner, a senior economist at Wells Fargo Securities. "A lot of the jobs were probably part-time positions and that is one of the reasons average hourly earnings fell."
Besides the fall in the official unemployment rate from 9% to 8.6%, the U6 number as reported has also fallen for November from October's 16.2 to November's 15.6. I'm not at all sure how this can be unless the U6 has been undercounting folks (which is my supposition). Without having been undercounting people for both the U3 (official unemployment number) and U6 (un and underemployment along with 'marginally attached' i.e., those who have given up looking), it just does not seem like both U3 and U6 could fall for November when so many have left the workforce.
Wednesday (November 30), the LA Times had this opinion piece that seems to have a clearer perspective than the official number.
Yesterday's weekly Initial Unemployment Claims report was back above 400K.


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Washed Dead Ashore by MozaikoWatch
©2006-2015 Mozaiko
This was in Subic. I asked my friends to take pictures of me and a co-worker .. for this idea.
morbid pero ang ganda.
ow what a piece
very good,i really like your pic's
i agree with truemarmalade but it is a great picture as it is
GROOSSS. works well though man, nice stuff,
The only complaint I have about this picture is that I think the bodies should be positioned differently from one another more. It seems a little bit staged because they're both facing the same direction and are laying face down ect. Other than that, it's an incredibly realistic manipulation picture.
Wow, I thought that was a photo at first. The only thing that made me consider otherwise was the horrific scene itself. Very nice job


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People tend to check in during these times:
Add hours
Played lacrosse here, cool setting for a game.
Take Campion's English course.
Educating young men since 1872*.
It is our pride and our glory, old in song and in story and we cherish your name and we love your fair fame from the days of long ago . . .
Mr Healy is the worst mayor ever!
Mr Healy is the best teacher ever!
GOAT high school.
Go Marauders!


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|Paizo Pathfinder® Paizo Games
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Pathfinder Tales: Hell's Pawns ePub
Paizo Publishing, LLC(based on 11 ratings)
By Dave Gross
In the devil-worshiping nation of Cheliax, crime is a strangely slippery concept, and those with money and power tend to make the rules. Yet when aristocrat detective Pathfinder Varian Jeggare and his devil-blooded bodyguard Radovan are drawn into a series of noble murders, it quickly becomes clear that there's more afoot than simply someone settling old scores. Add in a zealous Hellknight law-keeper with a chip on his shoulder, and not even the heroes are safe from suspicion. Can the crime-solving duo delve into the city's seedy underbelly and uncover the culprit in time to stop the murders, or will their next public appearance be writhing on the executioner's tines in the Plaza of Flowers?
From fan-favorite author Dave Gross comes a gritty mystery of death and devils, set in the award-winning world of the Pathfinder Roleplaying Game. Originally published in the Council of Thieves Adventure Path, this novella can be read on its own or as a prequel to the novel Prince of Wolves and the short story "The Lost Pathfinder."
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Fulfilled immediately. Will be added to your My Downloads Page immediately upon purchase of ePub.
Are there errors or omissions in this product information? Got corrections? Let us know at firstname.lastname@example.com.
See Also:
PTBC - City of the Fallen Sky,
PTBC - Pirate's Promise,
Paizo Blog: Crisis of Faith,
Paizo Blog: Crisis of Faith,
Missing Pathfinder Tales short fiction on Apple iBooks,
News: Paizo is partnering with Tor for Pathfinder Tales Novels!,
Paizo Blog: Lord of Runes Sample Chapter,
Lord of Runes and advancing the timeline (Spoilers),
Ask the Pathfinder Tales Tellers all your questions here.,
PTBC - Pirate's Honor,
Pathfinder Roleplaying Game Lands Three ENnie Award Nominations for Excellence in Tabletop Gaming,
Worldwide Playtest for New Pathfinder RPG Book, Ultimate Intrigue, Now Open,
Beastly Terrors, Intrigue, and Evil Adventures Announced for the Pathfinder Roleplaying Game,
Pathfinder RPG Designers Unleash Their Wildest Ideas to Play the Game Like Never Before,
Pathfinder Society and Syrinscape Join Forces for Epic Gaming Events at UK Games Expo,


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Dukes of Hazzard Cast List
Dukes of Hazzard cast list, including photos of the actors when available. This list includes all of the Dukes of Hazzard main actors and actresses, so if they are an integral part of the show you'll find them below. You can various bits of trivia about these Dukes of Hazzard stars, such as where the actor was born and what their year of birth is. This cast list of actors from Dukes of Hazzard focuses primarily on the main characters, but there may be a few actors who played smaller roles on Dukes of Hazzard that are on here as well.
Examples of actors on this poll include John Schneider and Sorrell Booke
If you are wondering, "Who are the actors from Dukes of Hazzard?" or "Who starred on Dukes of Hazzard?" then this list will help you answer those questions.
In most cases you can click on the names of these popular
- 1
Ben L. Jones Edgecombe County, United States of America, United States, with ...
- 2
Byron Cherry Area code 678, Area code 404, United States of America
- 3
Catherine Bach Cleveland, Area code 216, Ohio
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Christopher Mayer New York City, Manhattan, Area code 917
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Dennis Haskins Area code 423, Hamilton County, Tennessee
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Denver Pyle Colorado, Bethune, United States of America
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James Best Kentucky, United States of America, Powderly
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John Schneider Mount Kisco, Contiguous United States, New York
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Mickey Jones Texas, Contiguous United States, Area code 713
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Rick Hurst Texas, Contiguous United States, Area code 713
- 11
Sonny Shroyer Valdosta, United States of America, United States, with Territories
- 12
Sorrell Booke Area code 716, Buffalo–Niagara Falls metropolitan area, Contiguous United ...
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Tom Wopat Columbia County, Wisconsin, United States, with Territories
- 14
Waylon Jennings Texas, Lamb County, Contiguous United States


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Take Me Out To the Ball Game
Spring Break is here and it's a perfect day to take the kids to a baseball game. The East Titans will be playing the West Warriors today. Make plans to cheer on your favorite team today at 2:00 at Riverside Stadium
Spring Break is here and it's a perfect day to take the kids to a baseball game. The East Titans will be playing the West Warriors today. Make plans to cheer on your favorite team today at 2:00 at Riverside Stadium
Let's hear it for East Texas State Rep. Dan Flynn, who hates Daylight Saving Time as much as we do, and he's doing something about it.
Imagine parking your car in your driveway or in front of your house, only to find it intentionally damaged the next morning when you go out to leave for work or school. No question about it, vandalism sucks. That's the crime involved in this week's Tuesday Transgression.
We had a great turnout last month when we did Cruise Night and, it's time for another one!
If you love cars and trucks of all kinds, classics, antiques, muscle cars, lowriders, rat rods, bikes, come on out to see what Victoria's got.
If you want to show off your ride, bring it down! If you just want to hang out and admire other peoples, come on down!
Those of us that are (ahem) 'of a certain age' remember a little musical starring John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John called 'Grease.' It was pretty cool in it's day.
Well, just like everything else that's ever been written, it's fair game for a tribute or parody on the internet. Here's a take on the song 'You're the One That I Want' from the band 'Tragedy', and their all-metal tribute to the Bee Gees and Beyond.
Tim Conatser, the Texas volunteer firefighter who allegedly bragged on his Facebook page about shooting two dogs on his property, has been arrested in Hunt County.
When it comes to the economy in the United States, Texas ranks very high, according to a recent report by Business Insider.
Seattle Seahawks quarterback, Russell Wilson, will be returning to the Texas Rangers camp on March 28th when the team gets ready to play an exhibition game.
We gave away a GoPro starter bundle, a KitchenAid mixer, a $500 Visa gift card and more through our website this month! Check out the complete list of winners here.
The Dallas Cowboys have reached an agreement with wide receiver, Cole Beasley, that will keep him on the team for another 4 years.
When a case goes unsolved, it doesn't mean that police have stopped looking for answers, it just means they may need a little help,and that's where you come in.
Police have reopened the 12 year old cold case murder of Robert Licerio Jr
I'm a car guy. Most of the guys I know are car guys. Now, I'm not talking about guys that necessarily work on their own cars but, guys that just love cars, especially classic and custom cars. And, being that I was in high school during the 70's (yes, I'm old), I was exposed to what is arguably the greatest era for cars coming out of Detroit, the 60's and 70's. If you're a car guy, or gal, for that matter, then you'll be interested in Cruise Night!


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For the most part, The Hundred Brothers skates along on the strength of its comic ingenuity. Yet Antrim has some serious points to make about masculine pride, vanity, and terror--not by invoking them directly, but by inflating them to monstrous (and mirthful) proportions. And the narrator's comments about his rampaging kin often have a larger, melancholic resonance to them. Indeed, when he points out "the complexities of our interdependence and the sorry indignities that pass as currency between us in lieu of gentler tender," he might be talking about any family--even one in the single-digit range.
I've already written a review for this novel. Please delete this review.Published on June 26 2004 by Montese C.
What do you do when you can not write in depth about a subject or at least you can not depend on language to carry your work? Read morePublished on Feb. 20 2004 by Adam Hardin
Donald Antrim is profoundly original, as he continues to take the novel to a new place in literature. Not always a easy read but always fun and full of insights. Read morePublished on Nov. 23 2001 by Kim F. Hill
If this is what post-modern lit is all about, I'd rather be a pre-classicist. This book is essentially one big chapter about a hundred brothers reuniting for a dinner. Read morePublished on Oct. 31 2001 by Sai Li
Of fraternity, perhaps familial goings-on, is theme of book, of "The Hundred Brothers," two possible thematic streams exploding from literary epicenter of Antrim's... Read morePublished on Nov. 28 2000


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on After Effects, Final Cut Pro, AVID and much more.
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3 Reasons Why Gimbal Based Stabilizers Aren't Always The Best Choice
When Freefly Cinema announced the Movi just a year and a half ago, filmmakers everywhere rejoiced…but is it more of a speciality item?
9 Sites for Free Movie Scripts
Got writers block? Get inspired with these 9 screenplay databases.
Drone Flies Directly Over an Active Volcano, The Result is Face Melting (Literally)
A GoPro is no match for an erupting volcano. Thankfully an SD card is.
The Challenge with 4K HFR Filmmaking
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text: Inside Syria Inside SyriaConflictMiddle EastSyria Tracey Shelton on Jun 22, 2012 @ 6:00 AMJun 22, 2012 @ 6:00 AM PublishedInside Syria: Adopt a Syrian rebelFighters loyal to the Free Syrian Army (FSA) pose with their weapons in a location on the outskirts of Idlib. Weapons and other supplies are obtained using money raised by internet networks.IDLIB PROVINCE, Syria — Ahmed Assi dodges bullets and missiles on a regular basis.The 24-year-old has been shot at, wounded, hunted down, imprisoned and tortured. He has spent many months camping in the Syrian mountains "Che Guevara style."But Assi is not a rebel fighter. He is a Syrian journalist — with a political agenda."I make my jihad by words, not by violence," he said.His mission is not just to tell the world about the plight of Syria's rebel forces, but also to raise money, which the rebels use to buy more of whatever they might need. Assi works for one of several dozen websites that have popped up in the last year to raise cash for activists and rebels working inside Syria to topple President Bashar al-Assad."We raise money for weapons, but armed conflict is not the objective — it is a necessity at this time," explained Assi, who works with a team of volunteers on the shamfalcons.com website. "The real value of my work will be after the revolution. Information is more powerful than a bullet."But at $4 a bullet, the going rate inside Syria these days, it will take a lot of fundraising to power a revolution.More from GlobalPost: Inside Syria: You will never guess who arms the rebelsAssi's website posts news about the eight rebel battalions of Jabal al-Zawiya, known collectively as the Sham Falcons. Videos, photos and reports in English, French and Arabic inform readers of checkpoint attacks, the seizure of armed vehicles and weapons, and the death of fallen comrades.Such stories are always followed with a plea to "donors, military experts and weapons merchants."A well-placed Islamic quote outlines the rewards:"O you who have believed, shall I guide you to a transaction that will save you from a painful punishment? [It is that] you believe in Allah and His Messenger and strive in the cause of Allah with your wealth and your lives."Abu Hajar, the website's developer, said he now receives regular donations from within Syria and from a network of people abroad. Hajar said everything is organized via Skype, which is encrypted, making it the "safest common form of long-distance communication in Syria." The website is hosted outside of the country and material is uploaded via satellite connections using a virtual private network.Hajar has worked on the site since the revolution began, first in Brussels where he had been working at the time, and now in Jabal al-Zawiya, Syria. The system he helped create has now spread across the globe. Dozens of trusted coordinators collect donations and arrange for money and goods to be smuggled into Syria."There are a lot of foreigners that want to come here to help us with our fight, but if they did they would be accused of being terrorists," Hajar said. "So instead they send us money."More from GlobalPost: A Syrian rebel sings the Backstreet BoysMany more websites like his are springing up to support Syrian rebel groups desperate for funding for everything from medicine and satellite internet devices to guns and missile launchers.Another website, Adopt a Revolution, is run by activists operating in Germany and Syria. It seems more like an international children's aid group than a rebel fundraising organization. All it is missing is a pitch from Sally Struthers as the site pleads for regular sponsors of the "Syrian Spring.""One activist in hiding needs monthly about 100 euro for daily expenses," the website reads.The page goes on to describe the various committees in Syrian towns in need of financial support. There are 31 in all, and Adopt a Revolution says they now raise about 1,000 euros per month for each of these committees with the help of 1,400 regular sponsors.Elias Perabo, one of the websites founders, said the funds raised on their site are not used for weapons, but are instead focused on providing activists with the means of conveying what is taking place inside Syria. For this they need equipment, internet connections and safe houses."We have three aims," Perabo told GlobalPost in a Skype interview, "to bring support to the local communities in Syria, to bring activists abroad closer to Syrian issues and to build an emotional link so people here in Germany can connect with a Syrian community to understand the issues they are facing."Perabo said their donors, who receive regular updates regarding their "adopted" Syrians, range from corporations to retired couples and students. Perabo got involved when on holiday in Syria last April. He found himself unwittingly in the middle of an uprising. The idea for the website, which launched last Christmas, came from there.More from GlobalPost: Video: On Location — UN peace plan turns bloodyEarlier this month, it seemed that relief from the constant fundraising struggle had arrived when Syrian businessmen abroad met in Qatar and announced their pledge of $300 million toward the revolution. But the pledge was met by skepticism."It's hard to see where money like this goes. But we hope more money is getting through," Perabo said.Hajar and the team at shamfalcons.com said such money would only go to the "so called" Free Syrian Army leaders living abroad."Most of the revolutionaries in Syria refuse to place themselves under the banner of the Free Syrian Army for several reasons, and then receive no help from them," Hajar said.As for the Sham Falcons, with an average price of $1,000 for a Kalashnikov rifle and $4 per bullet, the plea for funding is never ending."Money is the heart of war," Hajar said with a sigh. "Without it, we can not accomplish anything."


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Bills 2nd miracle comeback!
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It looked like this a lot at The Ralph (picture above) Sunday as the Bills knocked off The Raiders in the Team's home opener! I must admit I thought the game was OVER for The Bills at halftime, but the 2nd half comeback was one for the ages (yes, I do remember the Houston game)! So nice to start the season 2-0, and The PATS on Sunday...could you ask for more drama?
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With the IMF disbanded, and Ethan (Tom Cruise) out in the cold, the team now faces off against a network of highly skilled special agents, the Syndicate. These highly trained operatives are hellbent on creating a new world order through an escalating series of terrorist attacks. Ethan gathers his team and joins forces with disavowed British... Read MoreComing 07/30/2015 Buy Tickets for 07/30/2015


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Juluka YogaRead MoreMandy Grant is an expert at working up a sweat; she's been a fitness enthusiast for decades. So it's no surprise that the avid exerciser went on to open her personal yoga studio, which she lovingly named after the Zulu word for sweat. Students will also be pleasantly surprised to learn that Mandy donates 15% off all profits from this studio's classes to assist AIDS orphans in South Africa and all donations from community classes to other charities. Mandy's passion to help others doesn't stop there. At the Bergen County studio, students of all levels are given ample attention during 75-minute yoga classes, which are rooted in Hatha but also incorporate elements of Vinyasa flow, pranayama, and meditation. This style of teaching encourages yogis to connect their breathing with their postures and calming thoughts. Mandy and her dedicated instructors also spice up workout routines with heated Vinyasa sessions and mat Pilates.394 Hillsdale Ave.Hillsdale, NJ US
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Bensi Restaurant GroupRead MoreBensi co-owner Genci Previzi helms an immense menu of classic Italian cuisine, including hearty homestyle dishes with roots in Calabria, Italy. Entrees, joined by a house salad or cup of comforting housemade soup, range from spaghetti and meatballs to gluten-free grilled chicken in a lemon-garlic marinade served over a veggie medley. The chefs also prepare an array of specials such as pignoli-crusted goat cheese and arugula salad, barolo-braised veal osso buco, pan-seared Chilean sea bass with eggplant caponata, and nutella chocolate pizza with fresh strawberries. The dishes are served in a modern dining atmosphere where minimal table settings and simple dark-wood furniture keep the focus on the vibrant cuisine.53 BroadwayPark Ridge, NJ US
Dare to be BareRead MoreOwners and licensed aestheticians Sandra Cossa-Ortiz and Colleen McMahon tend to all of Dare to be Bare's clients, and the pair has garnered praise from Westchester Magazine for their warm personalities and thorough attention to detail. By incorporating ultrasonic vibrations into their treatments, they promote vitamin absorption, encourage collagen regeneration, and reduce wrinkles caused by frowning or impersonating a raisin. They also pamper skin surfaces with facials, diamond microdermabrasion, and laser hair removal. For clients inclined to more traditional hair-removal methods, Sandra and Colleen liberate hirsute patches using a lavender-chamomile-blended wax that lends skin a flower's smoothness and attractiveness to butterflies.183 East Hartsdale Ave.Hartsdale, NY US
eco green cleanersRead MoreEco Green Cleaners drivers zip throughout the area picking up and dropping off clothes of all kinds to one of their five locations. Each garment is meticulously dry cleaned with nontoxic and biodegradable solvents—or with GreenEarth dry-cleaning techniques—and processed with energy-efficient machines for a minimal impact on the environment. Clean clothes are returned in biodegradable or reusable bags, and the cleaners recycle their hangers to reduce waste. In addition to its dry-cleaning, alterations, and shirt-laundry services, Eco Green also cleans leather, suede, and rugs, preserves wedding dresses, and alters clothes to accommodate weight changes or tail growth. Delivery and pick-up are complimentary.212 E Hartsdale AveHartsdale, NY US
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text: Sunday, July 17, 2011 - I like 'off' vintage CdP. Lighter, so accessible young, and with some panache. This is a great example. Interesting nose of leather, cherry, full palate with more cherry, licorice notes, some sift tannins, medium plus finish. Complements food well, drinks well on its own, a very nice bottle to enjoy while waiting on 2007.Post a Comment / View Rechrom's profile


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