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By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
9/11/2013 (1 year ago)
Catholic Online (www.catholic.org)
A quick-acting blood test to determine the malaria parasite\'s resistance to artemisinin is helping overburdened doctors in developing nations. Regretfully, the parasite that causes the disease is swiftly becoming more resistant to artemisinin, which remains the most effective drug available to treat the disease.
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
Catholic Online (www.catholic.org)
9/11/2013 (1 year ago)
Published in Health
Keywords: Malaria, blood test, artemisinin
LOS ANGELES, CA (Catholic Online) - Malaria continues to kill and sicken those across the Third World. More than 200 million people are infected with malaria each year, with a death toll as high as 1.2 million. Most of the infections occur in sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia.
The greatest hedge against the onslaught of the disease is dwindling. "Now what we are seeing is that patients, like for example in Pursat where I work," Rick Fairhurst, a clinical investigator with the U.S. National Institutes of Health in Maryland says. "We have about 60 percent of people [that] still have parasites at 72 hours, which suggests that these parasites could persist in the patient, which results in them not being cured," he says, noting that most malaria patients used to be cured with three doses of artemisinin administered over a three-day period. Pursat province is an area in western Cambodia.
Fairhurst, working with Cambodian and French researchers developed a rapid blood test that measures how quickly the malaria parasites in blood samples were killed or weakened by the active ingredient in artemisinin.
Survival rates for the parasites were measured 72 hours after exposure to the artemisinin. If the parasite was still active at that point, the researchers determined that it was unlikely to respond to the drug.
Researchers confirmed these findings in patients infected with malaria. It was found that parasites in blood samples taken from people with drug-resistant infections had only a tepid response to artemisinin.
A test such as this could help public health officials find areas of drug resistance and map its spread. Fairhurst notes that the blood test could also be used to follow individuals treated with artemisinin.
"And if eventually we find if parasites are at a certain level of resistance in the laboratory, they have a certain probability of coming back in the patient, we can then say, 'Okay, this person is not likely to [be cured of their infection],' and we can come on top with a second drug," he said.
There are a couple of newer, more expensive anti-malarial agents that could be used. Experts fear that these too would eventually become ineffective against the parasite.
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My experience with Dr. Brill and his practice was the best experience I've ever had at a physicians office. Everyone from the front office staff right ...
Dr. Brill is an excellent Plastic Surgeon. I wouldn't go anywhere else. Extremely pleased with everything he's done!
Dr. Brill Did my breast enlargement and lift. They look amazing and are now 9 years old and still look amazing. I went from a size B/C to a Size DD...I love the way they look very natural. Most would not know they were done unless they ask. And the scars well you can't even see them...He also did my eye and jaw lift and again. You can not even see any scars. I love this Dr. he is the best ever. I made the mistake of having some work done elsewhere as it was closer to home..But believe me i wish i would have made the trip to see dr. Brill have such ugly scars from the other dr. and now have a belly button that is way to high..and almost not even there it is just a scar not to mention he did the wrong surgery..DO NOT take any chances with your body. You should only let Dr.Brill do your work..He is the best there is and i say this not only because of my experence. But because i am in the beauty ind. i have seen some really bad scars from other Doctors. Only choose Dr. Brill for your surgery. Thank you Dr. Brill Diana Musselman
Dr. Brill and his staff are so caring and they listen to the smallest concern without making you feel stupid or talking down to you. I had surgery on my eyes and I love the result. Right after surgery I was concerned that my eyelashes were gone. Then I was in the office to have the stitches removed and Joy told me that she had just had her eyes done by Dr. Brill and that the only thing that bothered her was that it took a couple of weeks for her eyelashes to pop back out because of the swelling and that was exactly what happened to me too. After I left the office I remember my nurse Carol telling me this would happen but I had just forgotten it. Dr. Brill has a great staff and they are always there for you. Thanks Dr. Brill, I love you all. Jann
Dr. Brill and his staff are the "BEST". The bedside manner is awesome and his work is remarkable.I had previously used another Dr. in town and it was a nightmare. Dr. Brill straightened everything out and I will continue to use and refer Dr. Brill. He is the Master of Plastic Surgery.
I had my eyes done and every one was so kind and helpful it was a very pleasant experience.
Thank you for making them perfect! I have been to others in town who messed me up but you nailed it. I will never go to anyone but you.
Great results! Great staff!
Very professional staff. Excellent nurses. Kind, caring and courteous.

subset: commoncrawl


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Nov 20, 2001
NICOSIA [MENL] -- The leaders of the divided island of Cyprus plan to meetnext month in what could be a final effort to reconcile beforeEuropean Union intervention.
ATHENS [MENL] -- Greece plans to contribute troops to the U.S.-led war inAfghanistan.
CAIRO [MENL] -- Egypt plans to allow its allies to explore for oil andnatural gas in its territorial waters.
Nov 19, 2001
ANKARA [MENL] -- Turkey asserts that Greek warplanesare violating Turkish air space.


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A sterilization indicator that presents a visually distinct and uniform color transition after having been passed through sterilizing conditions. This sterilization indicator has a base layer with an indicator compound applied to at least an indicating region thereon. It also has a raised lamina attached to the base layer so as to substantially surround the indicating region.
1. A sterilization indicator for a liquid sterilization procedure, comprising:
a base layer having an indicator composition associated with an indicating region thereof, the indicator composition designed to change color when the sterilization indicator is placed in a liquid sterilization procedure;
a raised portion attached to the base layer so as to substantially surround the indicating region; and
a receptacle enclosing the base layer and the raised portion, the receptacle comprising:
a vapor permeable backing, and
a cover attached to the backing and having a transparent portion allowing visual inspection of the indicating region without removing the base layer from the receptacle.
2. The sterilization indicator according to
3. The sterilization indicator according to
4. The sterilization indicator according to
5. The sterilization indicator according to
This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 09/632,919, filed Aug. 4, 2000, now abandoned.
The invention relates generally to chemical indicators used to monitor the adequacy of a liquid sterilization process, and more specifically to chemical indicators that exhibit a uniform, easy to read color change when exposed to sterilizing conditions. An objective test for measuring color uniformity in chemical sterilization indicators is also described.
A reliable supply of sterile instruments and supplies is vitally important to modern medical practice. Various types of apparatus are known for sterilizing reusable goods within a hospital setting. Perhaps the best known is the steam autoclave, which uses high temperature and high pressure steam to render medical goods sterile. Steam as a sterilizing gas is fast and effective, but requires high temperatures. Goods that cannot withstand autoclaving temperatures can be sterilized with sterilizers using biocidal gases such as ethylene oxide or hydrogen peroxide.
Alternatively, some types of medical goods are suited to being sterilized by a liquid bath. A commercial example of a liquid sterilization process utilizes the Steris™ System 1 Processor and Steris™ 20 sterilant (peracetic acid) available from the Steris Corporation of Mentor, Ohio.
Regardless of the method and sterilizing agent selected, an important part of the process of providing sterile goods is the verification that the sterilization has been effective. There are two broad classes of indicators that are used to make this verification. The first class includes biological indicators; these devices include viable spores of particularly hardy stains of bacteria. After the sterilizing cycle, the user places the biological indicator in an environment conducive to bacterial growth. If no growth occurs, it is presumed that the cycle was effective. The second class includes chemical indicators; these devices include a portion coated with a chemical such as an indicator ink which undergoes a visible change when subjected to the pre-determined lethal environment that the sterilizer is designed to create within the sterilizing chamber. If the visible change occurs, an effective cycle is presumed.
Preferably, chemical indicators show a first color very uniformly across their indicating region up until the moment all the pathogens on the goods have been destroyed. At that point the indicating region would change all at once to a dramatically different, but still very uniform color. Practically, this is a very difficult objective to achieve, especially with a liquid sterilant. Optionally, the product may have a failsafe built in to provide early warning of sterilizer failure.
The art remains interested in ways to provide very distinct, uniform transitions particularly for liquid sterilization procedures. A chemical indicator for use with a liquid bath sterilization cycle is subjected to different design constraints than a chemical indicator for a vapor sterilant procedures such as steam or ethylene oxide.
A chemical indicator is commercially available for the Steris liquid peracetic acid sterilization process from the Steris Corporation of Mentor, Ohio. The indicator ink associated with the product, however, is very small and difficult to see and read.
A clearly visible, uniform final color after a successful sterilization cycle is particularly desirable. Medical practitioners prefer not to subjectively judge the degree of color change against a visual standard. This is due in part to inherent human variability and subjectivity, such as degrees of color blindness, and a desire to reduce the costs associated with personnel training.
The Commission Internationale de l'Elcairage (CIE) has defined a uniform and objective color measurement method. The method includes definitions of the following parameters:
a standard illuminant;
a standard observer; and
a uniform color space.
The standard illuminant does not refer solely to the light (which may be called the "source") but also includes a definition for the surrounding environment and the geometry of the measurement system. Four major types of illuminant are defined and named A, B, C, D and represent varying conditions of simulated incandescence or daylight. For general purposes, the de facto illumination is the standard illuminant 'A.'
The CIE also defines a standard observer, intended to represent the color perception of the average human viewer of a sample under the standard illuminant. The CIE defines what are called the "tristimulus" values for the standard observer. Also necessary when describing human color interpretations is a definition on which area of the eye the color is impinging. The CIE defines the "2� standard observer," representing the central, most color-sensitive portion of the interior eye (called the fovea). It is understood that by combining the tristimuli in varying quantities, all colors can be numerically described as they would strike the fovea of a human eye.
The CIE also defines a uniform color space, represented in a chromaticity diagram called the CIE 1976 L*a*b* (CIELAB). The CIELAB chart describes colors along three axes:
L*: describing black to white on a scale of 0 to 100
a*: describing green to red
b*: describing blue to yellow
This chromaticity diagram allows a directional difference between colors to be noted. A change of 1-2 CIELAB units is generally defined as the industrial tolerance. By definition, this means that a one unit change in any one of the L*, a* or b* measurements is considered visually discernible.
The CIE system provides a measurement system based on a shared color space. The CIELAB formulas, which are based on the best available approximations to a uniform color space, are used for many color-difference measurements.
Over the years, many companies and laboratories in a variety of fields have developed methods that allow them to specify their color tolerances and reproducibly evaluate them. Of these methods, there is one that is more precise and quite extensively employed. The method involves the use of a spectrophotometer. A spectrophotometer uses a tightly calibrated standard illuminant and measures the reflectance/transmittance of a sample across a broad spectrum of "visible" light (roughly 400-700 nm). Using the mathematical transformations developed by the CIE, the computer generates the L*a*b* values for the standard observer. This is a simple, yet very powerful tool for the evaluation of color samples.
The present invention provides a sterilization indicator that presents a visually distinct and uniform color transition after being subjected to a liquid sterilization procedure. The sterilization indicator has a base layer having an indicator compound associated with at least an indicating region thereof. The indicator also has a raised portion (preferably a lamina) attached to the base layer so as to substantially surround the indicating region. No theory is fully understood or advanced as to the precise reasons why the present invention is helpful with a liquid bath sterilization cycle. Surprisingly, a raised portion, conveniently in the form of an annulus around the indicating region, is helpful for use in a chemical indicator for monitoring a liquid peracetic acid sterilization cycle.
In another aspect, the invention provides an objective test for evaluating the uniformity of color in a chemical sterilization indicator.
FIG. 1 is a top view of a sterilization indicator according to the present invention, particularly adapted to assess the efficacy of a liquid bath sterilization process; and
FIG. 2 is a cross-section side view taken along section lines 2—2 in FIG. 1.
Referring to FIG. 1, a top view of a sterilization indicator 10 according to the present invention is illustrated. The depicted embodiment is particularly adapted to assess the efficacy of a liquid bath sterilization process. A base layer 12 is provided, conveniently in the form of a circular disk. A raised portion (preferably a lamina) 14, conveniently in the form of a circular annulus, torus or doughnut is associated with (e.g., attached or laminated or adhered or printed) to the base layer 12 so as to define an indicating region 16 in the central portion of the base layer. An indicator compound or composition 18 is associated with (e.g., absorbed or coated onto) the base layer 12 at least within the indicating region 16.
The indicator compound or composition is chosen such that the compound or composition undergoes a distinct and generally permanent color change upon exposure to conditions that indicate the occurrence of sterilization. For a liquid sterilization process that employs a peracid (e.g., peracetic acid), the indicator composition typically will contain a colorant (or dye) and a halogen source. Suitable dyes include the sodium salt of fluorescein and phenol red. An indicator composition containing fluorescein, for instance, will turn from yellow to orange in the presence of a bromine source and a peracid and will turn from yellow to red in the presence of an iodine source. The indicator composition generally will contain between 0.5% and 10% of the dye by weight. The halogen source can be a halogen salt, such as an alkaline earth metal halide salt (e.g., magnesium bromide or magnesium chloride) or an alkali metal halide salt (e.g., potassium bromide). A sufficient quantity of the halogen source should be included in the indicator composition to react with a sufficient quantity of the dye to cause a color change at a desired rate. Typically, the indicator composition will contain between 1% and 60% of the halogen source by weight.
The indicator compositions may include a binder material or resin, such as a cellulose, or sodium acetate. They may also optionally include other ingredients such as colorants that do not change color during a sterilization process, resins that perform functions other than binding (e.g., providing water resistance or solvent dispersibility), and opacifying agents.
The base layer or substrate with which the indicating compound or composition is associated may be made of any material which provides the necessary support for the indicator compound or composition but does not substantially interfere with its indicative function. Suitable materials include, but are not limited to, natural and synthetic blotter papers and crepe papers and polyester films. The indicator compound or composition may be applied to the base substrate by any suitable method, including coating, printing or absorbing.
When the efficacy of a liquid bath sterilizing processes (e.g., an immersion in a solution of liquid peracetic acid such as is performed in the Steris System 1 Processor) is to be assessed, it is convenient to enclose the base layer 12 within a receptacle 20. The receptacle 20 conveniently includes a vapor permeable backing 22 and a cover 24 attached to the backing 22. Preferably, the vapor permeable backing 22 is constructed from a material, laminate or combination of materials that is permeable such that a vapor of the liquid sterilant may form within receptacle 20 and act on the compound 18.
Generally, materials suitable for the backing constructions will have pores that are of sufficient size and uniformity to provide an overall porosity and pore density that allows for suitable vapor transmission without significant leakage. For peracetic acid vapors, TYVEK brand spunbonded polyolefin film is considered preferred. Depending on the agent that needs to permeate the vapor permeable backing 22, other polymeric films may be used such as non-woven, microporous or microperforated films made of, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, or polypropylene. It is believed that the vapor permeable backing may be constructed in accordance with the teaching of U.S. Pat. No. 4,539,256 (Shipman); U.S. Pat. No. 4,613,544 (Burleigh); U.S. Pat. No. 4,726,989 (Mrozinski); U.S. Pat. No. 4,867,881 (Kinzer); U.S. Pat. No. 5,260,360 (Mrozinski et al.); U.S. Pat. No. 5,352,513 (Mrozinski et al.); and U.S. Pat. No. 6,010,776 (Exsted), the entire contents of each of which are herein incorporated by reference. The backing layer may also be composed of more than one layer. For example, a microporous film can be laminated to a non-woven material to form a laminate backing material construction.
A cover 24 typically encloses indicating region 16. It is preferred that at least a portion of the cover be transparent so that the indicating region can be visually assessed without disassembling the receptacle 20. The cover may be made of any available material that provide a desired level of clarity and rigidity for a given application. Useful materials include polyesters such as polyester terephthalate, polyolefin materials such as polyethylene and polypropylene. Blends and/or co-polymers of such materials may also be used. The cover may be conveniently fabricated by vacu-forming or thermoforming from a sheet of a suitable polymer such as polyester terephthalate. The cover may also be molded or extruded, and can include one or more additives such a hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS) compound.
Printing may also be provided, if desired, directly on the cover 24. It may be generally considered preferred to provide printing directly on the border portions of the cover to avoid interference of the ink and/or printing processes on the porosity of the backing material. Certain of the cover materials may be made receptive to printing by either or both surface treating the cover and using adhesive ink materials. The most useful surface treatment is a corona treatment, typically at levels between about 0.25 and 3.0 J/cm2 in an air atmosphere. Useful adhesive ink formulations will typically include: an ink (black or colored); an extender resin (such as 3M Extender 7952 resin, available from 3M Company of Saint Paul, Minn.); an adhesive resin (such as acylate, cellulose acetate, shellac, urethane and chlorinated polyolefin resins); and, if necessary, one or more viscosity modifiers (such as carbitol acetate).
The backing 22 and cover 24 are attached together with suitable means. For example, they may be bonded together to form the receptacle 20 by thermo-bonding, indicated as bonded region 26. Alternatively, they may be adhesively adhered together. The bond 26 is preferably substantially liquid impermeable.
Preferably, cover 24 is substantially liquid impermeable to better control the exposure of the receptacle to the sterilant vapors (e.g., to restrict them to only those that permeate through layer 22). However, the sterilization indicator 10 may be constructed with a cover 24 that is slightly liquid or vapor permeable.
Referring to FIG. 2, a cross-section view of the sterilization indicator 10 is illustrated. As shown, raised portion (e.g., lamina) 14 rises up above the level of the indicating compound 18 on base layer 12. In various embodiments of the present invention, the raised portion may be an ink printed on base layer 12, or another element adhered to the base layer 12 (as described in greater detail below).
To demonstrate the improvement in uniformity achieved by the invention, an example without a raised portion (e.g., 14) was prepared. This Example includes an indicator ink prepared in accordance with copending and coassigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/019,341, filed Feb. 5, 1998, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,287,518 which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
A base layer 12 was prepared by laminating a layer of filter paper to a polymeric film. The filter paper used in this lamination is commercially available as SS-410 from Schleicher & Schuell of New Hampshire. The polymeric film used in this lamination is a ethylene/methacrylic acid ionomer resin commercially available under the "Surlyn" trade name from E. I. Dupont de Nemours of Wilmington, Del. The thickness of the finished lamination was 0.040″ (1.5 mm).
An indicating compound suitable for detecting the presence of peracetic acid vapor was prepared by mixing 10 grams of potassium bromide, 40 grams of sodium acetate, and 0.43 grams of Phenol Red (in the form of the sodium salt) in 500 grams of water. These ingredients are commercially available from Aldrich of St. Louis, Mo. The solution was mixed with at room temperature with a magnetic stir bar until all solids were visually dissolved. The solution had a cranberry color when complete, and was stored in a glass jar in a dark cabinet until used.
Approximately 150 mL of the solution of indicating compound was poured into an aluminum tray. Pieces of the paper/film laminate were then dipped, paper side down, in the solution for 30 seconds. Each coated piece was then placed between sheets of PET and squeegeed with a hand roller under moderate pressure. The coated pieces were then placed in dark oven at 52� C. for 20 minutes to dry. These dried, coated pieces then received a coating of acrylate-type adhesive, commercially available as VHB™ adhesive from 3M Company of St. Paul, Minn., applied by hand on the film side. Circular disks of 19 mm in diameter were cut from the pieces with a hand tool.
These disks were hand laminated to a vapor permeable backing. The backing is commercially available from Perfecseal of Philidelphia, Pa., and made of a layer of their SBP200 heat seal adhesive coated on a layer of spunbonded polyolefin film, in turn available as Tyvek™ 1073B from Dupont. Also obtained from Perfecseal were transparent covers prepared by vacu-forming a 15 mil (0.38 mm) thick film of PETG.
Receptacles were then formed by bonding the covers to the heat-seal adhesive on the vapor permeable backing so as to enclose the disks. A Vertrod Thermal Impulse Sealer Model 14P, commercially available from Vertrod Corporation of Brooklyn, N.Y., was used to form heat seals, the settings on the instrument being set to dwell=9.5 and heat=9.5. Four heat seals were made along the four edges of the cover so as to render the receptacle liquid-tight.
These disks did not include a raised portion to illustrate the advantages of the present invention set forth in greater detail below.
A second comparative example was prepared. The procedure of Example 1 was followed, except that after the laminate was dipped and dried, but before the VHB adhesive was applied, the pieces of laminate were inserted into a 4000TN LaserJet printer equipped with a model C4127X black ink cartridge, both commercially available from Hewlett-Packard of Palo Alto, Calif. Under computer control, an annular ring of black ink was applied to the surface of the laminate bearing the indicating compound. The annulus of ink had an outside diameter of 19 mm and an inside diameter of 13 mm. The disks that were then cut from the laminate corresponded to the outside diameter of the inked region.
The procedure of Example 1 was followed, except that after the laminate was dipped and dried, an additional layer of the paper/film laminate was adhered using the VHB adhesive over the top of the layer that had been dipped. This top layer had holes of 13 mm punched in it prior to being applied, so that windows of indicating compound showed through the holes. Disks of 19 mm in outside diameter were cut from this double laminate so that the 13 mm window was concentric with the outside of the disk. This additional layer therefore forms a torus (e.g., doughnut) shaped raised lamina surrounding the indicating region. This assembly was then adhered with an acrylic transfer adhesive to the vapor permeable backing and the receptacle formed in the manner described above in Example 1.
The raised portion in this Example is a lamination. It could be a single layer of added material, or indeed the disk could be all of one material with a raised lip extending above the level of the indicating compound and still be within the scope of the invention. The thickness of the raised lamina in this Example is about 1.5 mm, but thicknesses between about 0.25 mm and 2.5 mm are believed to be suitable.
Three lots of each of the chemical indicators according to Examples 1-3 were prepared. Some of these samples were then run in the STERIS SYSTEM 1 Processor under full sterilization cycle conditions (i.e., they were believed exposed to a lethal cycle), attached to the interior of the sterilizer with a clip. All were inspected visually, and three samples from each lot were selected at random for instrument assessment. Since one of the goals is a very uniform color after sterilization, the samples were measured spectrophotometrically to determine the maximum difference between the color of the exposed indicating compound at any two points. Since it had been generally observed in other samples that the center of the disk had been the last to alter its color completely, the difference in color (in CIELAB terms) between the center point of a sample and a point 3 mm from the center towards the periphery was assessed.
To perform the assessment, an Xrite SP68S spectrophotometer, commercially available from Xrite, Inc. of Grandville, Mich., was used to measure the ΔE of the target spots. The ΔE is defined as the (ΔL*2+Δa*2+Δb*2)1/2(in CIELAB terms).
The assessment was conducted generally in accordance with the Commission Internationale de l'Elcairage (CIE) Publication No. 15 (E-1.3.1) 1971, Colorimetery: Uniform Colour Spaces, Colour Differences, Colour Difference Equations and Metric Colour Terms, Bureaus Central de al CIE, Paris (1971); Supplement 2 to Publication CIE No. 15 (E-184.108.40.206) Uniform Color Spaces, Color Difference Equations, Psychometric Color Terms, Bureau Central de al CIE, Paris 10-12 (1971); Chamberlin, G J and D G Chamberlin, Color: Its Measurement, Computation and Application, Heyden and Son, 3 (1980) the entire contents of each of which are herein incorporated by reference; and ASTM test method E1164.
The type of spectrophotometer, its settings and the specification of the components used are set forth in Table A below. The identified specifications are the settings used for all spectrophotometric testing included in this example.
The instrument was equipped with a 6 mm aperture, set for specular inclusion, illuminating the target with D65 illumination for a 2� observer, to measure L*a*b*. The results in terms of ΔE, reported as the average of the three assessed samples from each of the three lots of each of the three Examples are summarized in Table 1 below.
For reasons that are not completely understood, the color uniformity of the first and second Examples were poorest. Surprisingly, the color uniformity of Example 3 was much better.
The uniformity of color change for Examples 1 and 2 were poorest from a customer's perspective as measured objectively by the above-identified test. It will readily be appreciated that the uniformity in the final color of fully exposed chemical indicators according to the present invention is excellent. The preferred ΔE values for assessing uniformity of color change are less than 10, more preferably less than 8, and most preferably less than 4.
Improvement in the uniformity of the final color of a properly exposed chemical indicator, while very desirable, should not be achieved by sacrificing a strong, easily identified difference between indicators that have been through an adequate sterilizing cycle and indicators that have been through an inadequate sterilizing cycle. To verify that the use of a raised portion had not detracted appreciably from this consideration, samples from each of the three lots of each of the Example materials were also put through the STERIS SYSTEM 1 processor, but this time with a 25% reduction in recommended amount of active ingredient of STERIS 20 Sterilant Concentrate.
The samples were again assessed spectrophotometrically, but this time the comparison was not between two spots on the same indicator, but between the center spots on the devices from the same lots that had been fully and not fully sterilized. Whereas in Example 4 a small number was desirable to the user, indicating uniformity across a single device that had been exposed to an acceptable cycle, in this Example 5 a large number is desirable to a user, indicating a large, easy to see difference between devices that have been through accept or reject sterilizing cycles. The results are summarized in Table 2 below.
All of these values represent differences that are easily perceived by normal human vision.
The procedure of Example 3 was followed, except that the vapor permeable backing is XMP-6052 3M Propore™ Fabric commercially available from 3M Company and the transparent covers prepared by vacu-forming were approximately 0.30 mm thick film of polypropylene. This indicator showed very uniform color change, that is, ΔE was less than 4.
A base layer was prepared by the procedure of Example 1.
An indicating compound suitable for detecting the presence of peracetic acid vapor was prepared by mixing 1.53 grams phenol red (in the form of the sodium salt), 164 grams of sodium acetate, and 40 grams potassium bromide in 2000 grams of water. The solution was mixed at room temperature with a magnetic stir bar until all solids were visually dissolved. The solution had a cranberry color when complete as described in Example 1.
Rolls of the paper/film laminate (base layer) were dip coated with the paper side down in the solution for approximately 10 seconds. The coated roll was then sent through a dryer at 49� C. for 10 minutes.
Next the dry coated paper/film laminate was flexographically printed with a series of annular rings of black ink (commercially available as FGN 3561 from Colorcon Corp., West Point, Pa.) on the paper side. The annulus of ink had an outside diameter of 19 mm and an inside diameter of 13 mm.
Then the printed paper/film laminate was coated with an acrylate-type heat-seal adhesive, commercially available as VHB adhesive from 3M Company, which was applied to the Surlyn side.
Circular disks of 19 mm in diameter were cut from the laminate corresponding to the outside diameter of the inked region. The disks were laminated to the vapor permeable backing described in Example 1.
Receptacles were then formed by bonding the covers to the heat-seal adhesive on the vapor permeable backing so as to enclose the disks. A tray sealer was used to form heat seals along the four edges of the cover so as to render the receptacle liquid-tight.
This chemical indicator also exhibited uniform color change, that is, ΔE was less than 10.
The procedure of Example 6 was used to make chemical indicators with printed covers. It was difficult to get the ink to adhere to the cover since the material lacked polar functionality. Thus, before transparent covers were attached to the laminated base layer to form the receptacles, they were screen printed on the open side of the cover on the flange with the ink formulations listed in Table 3. The transparent covers were thermoformed from a 0.254 mm-0.381 mm thick film extruded from a random co-polymer of polypropylene/polyethylene resin commercially available as Amoco PP 8249 resin from BP Amoco, Chicago, Ill. The side to be printed was corona treated at 2.25 J/cm2. Then, each of the ink formulations in Table 3 was printed on the open side of the cover using a 230 mesh flat bed screen. The ink was cured for 5 minutes at 66� C., and the cover was sealed to the base layer as described in Example 1. By printing on the open side of the cover the ink was not in contact with the sterilization solution that was being monitored.
The combination of corona treatment and the resins used to improve adhesion provided substantial bonding of the ink to the film of the cover.
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This commercial was aired during the AFI top 100 films program.
It's the re-release of a complete new cut of Blade Runner that will include new footage.
This final cut will finally be released in theaters this fall of 2007.
The DVD release will include all 3 cuts of the film.
The voice over version, the 1994 directors cut version, and the 2007 version.


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As children move toward more independence in play, we want them to find toys and activities that help encourage this independent thinking. Continuing to pretend, to build, to create and to design will help them do it. And keep them engaged and excited for hours!
Macramé is back and easier than ever! Tie a few simple knots and you're ready to plant and display your own hanging terrarium. It's two great trends in one kit!
Includes quick-grow chia and wheat grass seeds, potting mix, colourful sand and gravel for layering, a garden mister, plastic terrarium, 20ft of macramé cord, flower, hanging ring, baby deer and mushroom figurines.
Terrarium measures approximately 5.25" in diameter.
By Dan Kainen, Text by Carol Kaufmann
If you liked Gallop! A Scanimation Book, you'll love the magical journey that is Safari. Readers, as if on safari, encounter 8 wild animals that come alive! Using an innovative lenticular-based technology, precision sliding lenses, and original four-color video imagery, each image is like a 3-D movie on the page, delivering a rich, fluid, immersive visual experience. The cheetah bounds. The gazelle leaps. The African elephant snaps its ears. The gorilla munches the leaves off a branch. Mesmerizing!
Accompanying the images is Safari, the guide: It begins with an evocative journal of a safari along the Mara River in Kenya and interweaves the history of safaris. Then for each animal there is a lively, informative essay and an at-a-glance list of important facts. It's the romance of being on safari - and the almost visceral thrill of seeing the animals in motion - in a book unlike any other.
Hardcover containing 16 pages.
A fun, creative, fail-proof way to inspire a love of art in your child! Monet's Water Lilies has inspired art students of all ages and abilities with its vibrant colours, reflections of light and natural scenery. The Water Lilies Master Kitz includes all the tools your child needs to create their own masterpiece along with learning materials to deepen their understanding of the Impressionism movement.
Learn: Expose your child to the great works of master painters with easy-to-understand learning materials. Your child will learn the story behind each painting and why it has a special place in the history of art. They will deepen their understanding of art by exploring how the masters used colours, strokes and textures to create their paintings.
Create: Your child will create their own interpretation of a great masterpiece using their imagination and some simple tools to guide them in the creative process. Once a child catches the spark to create, it will grow and grow!
Share: The finished piece of art is a uniquely expressive memento that will last a lifetime. Each masterpiece will fit in a standard 16" x 20" frame so that it can be shared with friends and family.
By Hugh Danks
Kids are crazy about bugs! And kids and parents alike are crazy about the Bug Book and Bug Bottle. Packed with activities and packaged in its own collecting bottle, the full-colour book provides field notes to 47 bugs arranged by habitat, including pond, forest, ground, leaves, field, and flower. The ingeniously designed, safe plastic bottle is perfect for catching and viewing creepy crawlies, then letting them go unharmed(this is a bug kit with a conscience)!
Written by entomologist Hugh Danks, the Bug Book gives comprehensive information about these fascinating creatures - how they live, what they eat, unusual characteristics, and more. It offers simple, clear guidelines on how to collect and care for bugs, and equally helpful hints on which bugs not to catch. New to the kit are a fold-out bug chart for quick identification, a magnifier to see the critters up close, and a bug explorer's journal to record discoveries.
Discover how the whirligig beetle got its name, why fireflies light up, and how water striders walk on water. And then impress parents and friends - here are all the tools kids need to become bona fide bug experts!
Includes: The Bug Book, ventilated bug container with ruler lid, magnifiying glass, bug identification chart and bug journal.
Softcover containing 112 pages.
By Lia Foa
This stunning box is an ideal introduction to crystals and gemstones! Open the lid to reveal a 6-compartment display case, each compartment holding an assortment of polished gemstones. Kids will learn how to sort and identify each of the stones in their collection. Beneath the display case, they'll find the Little Book of Crystals and Gemstones, filled with fascinating facts about more than 50 crystals and gemstones. It identifies each stone by name and describes some of the stone's unique properties. Also included are tweezers for examining stones, and a miniature geode - a stone with tiny crystals that are naturally embedded on its surface.
Included softcover book contains 48 pages.
Two exciting learning experiences in one! Dig out the geode, then break it open to find any hidden crystals inside.
Includes: full dimensional excavation block, digging tool, brush tool, magnifier, pouch, and educational booklet.
This colourful Sunny Patch Blossom Bright tote set is perfect for the little gardener on the go! The pink, green, yellow and red striped and polka-dotted tote has 7 outer pockets and comes with a pink-and-yellow trowel, rake, and a yellow spray bottle. And with its large lined interior and sturdy green handles, this tote can carry everything a little green thumb needs to keep their garden looking beautiful!
Tote measures approximately 8" long x 5" wide x 6.5" tall. The rake and trowel measures approximately 8.5" long and the spray bottle measures approximately 5.5".
Discover how the world around you looks up-close with this Sunny Patch Blossom Bright Magnifying Glass! This bright magnifier has a pink, green, yellow, and red striped handle, and a green flower shaped frame. Look through the 3.5" diameter lens to discover how bugs, plants, and even your living room carpet look up-close! See the world in a whole new way with this Blossom Bright Magnifying Glass!
Measures approximately 9" long x 5.25" wide x 3.5" in diameter.
This little Bug House from Melissa & Doug's Sunny Patch is the perfect place to keep the friendly little insects you collect outdoors! Made of metal, this little bug house is green on either end, and features the smiling face of Happy Giddy! The middle section of the bug house is made of a fine orange metal mesh, and the base of the container is colourfully striped in green, orange, red, yellow and blue.
When you catch a critter, simply slide Happy Giddy's face to the side and place the bug inside the house, with some fresh water and yummy leaves to eat of course! A sturdy orange strap attached to the top of this colourful bug house allows you to bring it (and your little buddies living inside) wherever you go - but be sure to let them go before you head home! Go on an outdoor adventure and see what you can collect with this Sunny Patch Happy Giddy Bug House!
Measures approximately 7.25" long x 3.5" wide x 3.5" high.
Explore the great outdoors and catch some fun winged creatures with this colourful Happy Giddy Bug Net from Melissa & Doug's Sunny Patch! The sturdy bug net is perfect for carefully capturing butterflies, dragonflies, moths and more. The colourful handle is striped with blue, yellow, red, orange and green and is easy to hold on to - the perfect design for catching bugs while running through the meadow! Explore the wonderful outdoor world around you with Happy Giddy and this colourful bug net from Sunny Patch!
Measures approximately 23.2" long x 10" wide x 0.6" deep.
Begin a lifetime of scientific investigation and understanding with 25 fun experiments in five key areas: nature, physics, chemistry, air, and water. Stepping into Science teaches science fundamentals with step-by-step, hands-on experiments, while also introducing children to the scientific method itself. Learn what plants need to grow, build a barometer, see how water climbs, watch plants sweat, and investigate plant propagation. Discover how a magnifying glass enlarges, how colors mix, how static electricity attracts, how sundials tell time, and how a motion picture works. Investigate air pressure, air flow, hovercraft, paper airplanes, and suction.
Bella Butterfly swings open on the easy-access door of this whimsical bug house! It has a sturdy handle, a beautifully striped floor and the mesh walls allow for lots of air to provide the perfect place to house and observe insects, butterflies and bugs. Don't forget to be good to bugs and let them go when you're finished with your observations!
Measures approximately 7.5" long x 3.5" wide x 3.5" high.
Create a bountiful butterfly garden that's as unique as you are! Set your dome terrarium up, plant your seeds, and then glam it up with metallic stickers, sparkling 'gems', cool white marble, hot pink gravel, and more! Grow a flower garden featuring rainbow-coloured foliage and a profusion of sweet smelling blooms to attract butterflies and hummingbirds.
Grow Rainbow Plants, Princess Flowers, Alyssum and more! All the included plants sprout in less than a week and are quick to grow. The Butterfly Glamour Garden even comes complete with a toy butterfly to call your garden home, and a Butterfly Seed Bomb to plant! Get ready for flowery fun with your own glam greenhouse!
Includes: Germination Dome, Butterfly Friend, 4 Seed Packs, 4 Themed Plant Stakes 3 Gem Decals, Flower Gems, Large and Small Sticky Gems, White Marble Chips, Pink Princess Gravel, Butterfly Mix Seed Bomb, 2 Germination Disks, Growing and Care Instructions.
Dome measures approximately 8" in diameter x 7" high.
Let your love flourish with botanical beauty! Five vibrant love-themed plants burgeon to life just two weeks after planting. Once they've grown, their brilliant colors matched with fun accessories make for a beautiful, heart-melting sight!
Includes germination dome, 5 colour seed packs (Baby's Breath, Fire Plant, Forget-Me-Not, Polka Dot Plant, and Sweet Pea), 5 plant stakes, 3 love decals, lava rock, heart decoration, red, pink, and purple love gravel, 2 germination disks, and instructions.
Measures approximately 9.5" long x 5" tall x 9.5" wide.
Create your own flowering fairy wonderland! Learn all about the history and lore of fairies while you create your own greenhouse garden with 4 special fairy plant varieties, multi-coloured gravel, fairy dust, a fairy wheel, fairy bells, stakes and decals, and a little fairy figure!
This amazing kit comes with everything needed to get your indoor fairy garden growing and attracting fairies to your home - Great Blue Lobelia to attract fairies, Thyme to enable you to see them, Evening Star to make fairy brews, Clover and more! Informative instructions detail sprouting and growing methods as well as a plethora of information about fairies and fairy gardens.
Includes: Sprouting and Growing Dome, 4 Seed Packs, Fairy Planting Mixture, 1 Fairy Figure, 1 Fairy Pinwheel, 2 Fairy Bells and String, 4 Fairy Plant Stakes, Rainbow Fairy Gravel, Perlite Drainage Pellets, and Growing and Care Instructions.
This colourful Sunny Patch Tootle Turtle tote set is perfect for the little gardener on the go! This green tote is shaped like Tootle and has a plush face, hands, feet and tail! It also has 7 outer pockets and comes with a green and yellow trowel and rake, and a green spray bottle. And with its large lined interior and sturdy green handles, this tote can carry everything a little green thumb needs to keep their garden looking beautiful!
Tote measures approximately 9.5" long x 6.5" wide x 6.5" tall. The rake and trowel measures approximately 8.5" long and the spray bottle measures approximately 5.5" tall.
Bright, sunny and full of colour, this beautiful watering can from David Kirk's Sunny Patch is sure to keep your garden growing all summer long! This pink, green, yellow and red striped watering can has a big green handle and a large opening to make water fill-ups easy, and the spout is shaped like a big pink blossom! Brighten up your garden and your day with this Blossom Bright watering can!
Measures approximately 10" long x 6.5" wide x 10" high.
Cultivate a tiny garden wonderland in a customizable plastic planter! This set provides the potting soil, seeds, paints, rocks, gravel, miniature woodland creatures and fairy tale bark home for all the elves and gnomes who inhabit your enchanted garden. Contains 1 fairy garden dish, flower fairy, resin fairy house, 2 resin toadstools, sparkly gems, glittery pixie dust, 2 tulle butterflies, fabric flower bouquet, glass opti-stones, purple gravel, wheat grass seed and bean mix, potting soil mix, fine tip paint brush, acrylic paint, instructions and ideas!
Dish measures approximately 11" in diameter.
Be like Rocky the Rockhound and study the world around you, up close! This hand held magnifier with 5X power will help you inspect specimens while you're out on expeditions, or study your collection at home. Make everything larger than life with this Rocky Rockhound Magnifying Glass!
Magnifier measures approximately 2.25" in diameter and 5.5" long (including handle).
It's a plant AND a super secret message. Just approximately 5 - 7 days after planting these "magic" beans, a message will appear on the first set of leaves that sprout! These beans are perfect for any little gardening enthusiast!
Surprise your best friend with the magical BFF Bean. When these whimsical beans sprout, the words "Best Friends" are engraved on the seeds and the first set of leaves. They will sprout in about 5 days and will produce actual lima beans.
Includes a sprouting pot and terrarium, a special germination mixture and Lima Bean seeds.
We've got all of the Our Generation girls, looks, lifestyle, and adventure you're looking for - right here! Let's meet a new friend, style some cute fashions, and enjoy a whole world of 18" doll
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1838 1C MS62 Brown NGC. XF45 EAC....
2005 Ft. Lauderdale FL. (FUN) Signature Sale #360
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|Jan 13, 2005
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|Fort Lauderdale, FL
Choice 1838 N-6 Wide Date Cent1838 1C MS62 Brown NGC. XF45 EAC. N-6, Early Die State, R.1. The obverse die has a wide space between the 3 and the 8, leading some to suggest the Wide Date name for this variety. It is an intriguing variety with the obverse dentilation from 3 o'clock to 5 o'clock extending through the border to the very edge of the coin. Newcomb-6 is another plentiful variety that is ideal for the date or type collector. Attractive olive-brown color with some weakness and darker toning on the highpoints. The surfaces are very pleasing for the grade.
Ex: Thomas Reynolds (3/84).(#1741) (Registry values: N491) (NGC ID# 225V, PCGS# 1741)
View all of [The Wes Rasmussen Large Cent Collection]
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Rasmussen Special Edition Catalog
This hard bound volume contains the magnificent Wes Rasmussen Large Cent Collection, formed by a former President of the Early American Coppers society which was auctioned at the 2005 Florida United Numismatic Auction. Reserve your copy of this remarkable volume for just $75 today.
Rasmussen Signed Limited Edition Catalog
A hard bound limited library edition of the Wes Rasmussen Collection Catalog, signed by Wes Rasmussen, Mark Borckardt, Greg Rohan, and Denis Loring, is available while supplies last. Only 100 produced. Reserve your copy of this remarkable limited edition signed volume for just $150 today.
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Thank you for looking me up in QRZ.com
I was born in 1946 and had my license as OZ4CG in 1963. I was QRT from 1990 - 2009, but now I am on the bands again - working 99% CW and a little PSK31 and RTTY.
I am QRV on CW with a Kenwood TS590S (100W) and on DIGI with a Yaesu FT857D, (30 W) on all HF bands. I use DigiPan 2.0 software, and a SignaLink USB interface.
I also like to work QRP with these small rigs: Hendricks PFR-3, (5W) and JUMA-TRX1 (5W)
My antenna is a G5RV dipole, up only 6-8 meters.
For VHF (144 Mhz): TenTec 1220, abt 25 Watts, antenna: Vertical
My logprogram is LOGic9, which I also use to print my QSLs.
Our QSO counts for IOTA EU-030 , for the BIA-award and for Danish Island Award BO-001
I send 100% QSL via buro, LoTW and eQSL.cc for new contacts. I do appreciate your paper-QSL for my award-hunting!
SWL-cards are very wellcome too.
I like to ragchew, but also to participate in contests.
I support the "DX Code of Conduct" and try to fulfill the demands!
Hope to meet you again on the bands!
Member of: EDR, DDXG, SCAG, CWJF, TRC,
Diploms: DXCC, WAZ, WAS, WAC, WAE, WPX, DUF-4 exc, DLD-100, AJD, RDA-500, R-100-O, EU-PX-A, DMZ, S6S, R6K, SOP, etc.
More about my other interests at www.gjessing.nu
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Wondering why Sonam Kapoor is missing from the currently released promos of her upcoming film Thank You? Well, wonder no more, since your trusty friends at BollyCurry have fished out the reason!
Apparently the stylish diva is dubbing her lines for the first time ever in the film and that's why she hasn't been featured in the promos as yet. All of her movies so far have had in-sync sound but Thank You breaks that mold and has Sonam dubbing her own lines and the emotions of her character in front of the microphone.
According to sources, because this is her first time dubbing, the actress is eager on doing the job right, which is what is taking longer than expected. All of her other cast members have finished their dubbing and until Sonam finishes she cannot be featured in the promos. To speed the process up, director Anees Bazmee has been sitting in with Sonam to personally supervise her task.
Anees was heard saying that apart from the aforementioned, there is also another reason why the actress is not visible in the promos, yet. It seems like Sonam had some scenes left to be shot for the movie which she started doing yesterday. He confirmed that once the shooting is complete her promos will be released.
Well there's a first time for everything, but we're sure Sonam will do just fine as she has plenty of experience speaking!
Do you like this article?
|User Rating
|(15 Votes)
|lamaa, FJkhushbu, Nikhi., Mounchy, Paramore, .SilentPrincess, Mariaa.RD, Siddhi_, Vishakha_Sakhi, mazkachazka, Gauahargeous_N, -Preeti-, tomnjerry2
Good Luuck Sonam
I Love Yoou A Loot
Eagerly Waitiing For The Movie
looking forward for her movie she beautiful smile & all th best sonam
luv u sonuuu................
it is her voice in all the movies but they used in-sync sound meaning they record the lines as she acts... this is the first time dubbing after... (it think thats what the article means)
Ummm.... so isn't it normally her voice in a movie? Someone else dubs for her?
@rehan she is lookin good!
she dint dub in IHLS?
wishing her the best for this movie of hers
thank for the awesome articles
so what if Censor board refuses, or tells them to cut the film, and scenes, what will they do? it's really not making any sense, they are releasing the promo before finishing the movie..
awwwwwww...shez looking pretty !!!
Soon the most awaited track will gear up on Tu Mera Hero as Panchi ...
Read on to know why Shivin Narang kept Roza for the first time in his ...
Actor Anil Kapoor, who has three children, believes that fatherhood is ...
Check out what surprised our dashing actor Arjun Kapoor.


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Welcome to this site, where it's possible to search for free ringtones for your Android smartphone. Today we have a ringtone of "Stone Cold Sober" by Paloma Faith as well as 125 other ringtones by Paloma Faith. "Stone Cold Sober" is a gorgeous track from the "Do You Want The Truth Or Something Beautiful?" album that was created by Paloma Faith at their studios together with other 9 tracks. You can listen to all 4 Paloma Faith – "Stone Cold Sober" ringtone variations available here and download it for free to your computer. You can also find other 4 albums produced by Paloma Faith for all time. "Stone Cold Sober" is referred to Soul, and we have a huge amount of Soul songs absolutely for free. And finally, we have collected lyrics for this track and you can view it here as well. So feel free to browse, listen, download ringtones at Audiko.net. Make your phone sound cool!
Paloma Faith Stone Cold Sober Ringtone
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Top ringtones by Paloma Faith
- Paloma Faith - Only Love Can Hurt Like This
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Mark Cuban has one response to Mikhail Prokhorov's promise to "crush" the Mavs owner in a kickboxing fight: not so fast my friend.
The Nets owner said he would fight Cuban over free agent-to-be Deron Williams, who is likely to express interest in Dallas, but Cuban cautions Prokhorov.
"He obviously didn't see me be the first in WWE history to put Sheamus on the mat," Cuban told Tim McMahon. "He knows not what he gets himself into."
Cuban was referencing the guest host appearance he made on "Monday Night Raw" in 2009 when he was thrown out of the ring by Sheamus.
Cuban can talk a good game, and I'm sure he would go dark side in a fight, but I'll still take my chances with the Russian.
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Sheepadoodle Puppies (Old English Sheepdog/Poodle)
· We have boys and girls available and ready to go home!
The pictures below are just a few of the available puppies.
Last picture is of our adult Sheepadoodle.
See and Learn More At mynewpup.com
Sheepadoodles are fast becoming a sought after breed!!!
Both Old English Sheepdogs and Standard Poodles are known for their beautiful non-shed hypoallergenic coats!!!
Standard Poodles are known for their intelligence, loyalty, and calm demeanors.
Old English Sheepdogs are known to be wonderful with children, showing patience and love. They want to be part of the family by being ...
Jun 26 -
AKC English Bulldog Puppies
AKC English Bulldog puppies. Born 5/8/15. 7 weeks old. They are gorgeous!. Lots and lots of wrinkles We are taking deposits now to hold. Our puppies come with vet exam, first shots and deworming. Please call or text for more pictures and videos. 503-431-1209 2 Males 2 females
Jun 26 -
AKC Black lab male - 2 yrs.
Buddy was 2 in May. Very friendly black lab male...American. He is intact and comes with papers. Would be a good breeding dog for someone. Good with kids, loves the water, loves to fetch etc.
Jul 5 -
Pure breed German Shepherd Male and Female 11 weeks old
11 weeks old Pure breed German Shepherd male and female puppy ready for new family. Born April 15, 2015. They are NOT registered and will NOT come with any papers. Both parents are Purebred German Shepherd dogs, the mother is AKC registered and comes from amazing blood lines that were used for K9 in Oregon about 12 years ago (not sure if people are still doing it). very intelligent dogs, love ...
Jul 5 -
Heeler Border Collie Puppies
Heeler Border Collie mix puppies for sale had first shots, wormed, tails docked, and dew claws removed. Very healthy and old enough now to find good homes. Please email me and I can respond with pics. The price is 350 a pup and well worth the money they have been well taken care of and loved since birth. Let me know if you have any questions.
Female Siberian Husky for sale
These puppies will make ideal family pets & companions and have been handled by children and adults from birth. They are very well socialised, are used to children as well as all the usual household noises and have even been taken out in the car to get them used to travelling. These puppies have been responsibly bred from health tested parents who both have wonderful natures. This has helped ...
Jul 5 -
mini huskies and mini huskies/eskimos
we have some Mini husky puppies one male one female both have bieyes they are $1000 and mini husky/eskimos $1000-$1300 all will have first shots and worming feel free to call or text to get more info and for our website and facebook so you can see the videos we can offer delivery on set days we do live way S on the coast
Jul 4 -
Germen shepherd male purebred puppy champion line
I'm selling my pure bred German shepherd male pup he is 8 weeks old. Dad on site champion lines for more info pleases call me at 360-772-0900 tony
Jul 4 -
Chihuahua girls looking for new home - adoption
I have been raising Chihuahua's for a long time. We used to show. Due to failing health of family members and a recent stroke I find that I must part with several of my Darling dogs. All are healthy, up to date on their shots.
Dina – longcoat female, 6 years old. She is sabled fawn and white. She is 7to 8 pounds.
Karmalite – longcoat female, almost 6 years old. She is red fawn and ...
Jul 4 -
Oregon City
French Bulldog/ Frenchie wanted
My family is looking for a new addition to our family. We want a young French bulldog male or female. We really like the red with black mask and some white on the face ( the more white the better), also like pied, or fawn saddleback color! We just can't seem to find the right pup for our family. Looking for a pup to 6 months of age. Please let me know if you have a pup needing a new home or ...
Yorkshire Male Adult
Due the my health, I need to place my Little Yorkie. This dog is 6 years old and very pampered and well taken care of. He has all his shots and is neutered. He is a cuddlier and only want to be with you. He needs to go for walks which I am unable to do for him due to my health. I want him to have a loving family. Please call Joan 503-329-4377 or best to text to see him.
Jul 4 -
AKC Standard Poodle
Beautiful AKC Standard poodle. She is fun loving, playful and ready to meet her new family. 7 weeks old will be ready for her new home July 9th. First set of shots, dewormed, dewclaws removed. She will make a great addition to your family. Please call 509-793-6389 if interested. Asking $1200.00
Standard poodle puppy
I have a 9 weeks old female purebred standard poodle. UTD on shots, potty trained , paper ect.
rehoming fee applies, email or text if you have any question
Jul 4 -
Happy Valley
Purebred male Boston terrier puppies 8 weeks old
I have one male left from a littler of Boston terrier puppies both parents are akc. Fully registered we had bred this our 3rd. Time and we are done our pets for family and friends who love bostons. He is pet only so we did not register the litter as they all went to family and friends for pets. He's super fun and adorable. Call me if you would like to chat about adding this member to your ...
Jul 4 -
Deer Island
AKC Miniature Poodles
I have two miniature males looking for forever homes. 1 blue and one black. They were born this year in March. They will be up to date on shots, crate trained.
I have been a breeder for over 25 years and I also show. I feed raw and puppies are part of our home.
Mom is an AKC champion and dad is a grand champion for the silver boy The other puppy only the dad is a CH.. One puppy ...
Jul 4 -
Australian Shepherd , Corgi Puppy
Beautiful little pup looking for a great home , First shots and wormed ,
Asking 395 $
3/4 Australian shepherd and 1/4 corgi ,
very sweet and trainable puppy
ready for a home now !
Jul 4 -
Pure Breeds, both Siberian Huskies.
Registered. Champion sire, dam pointed.
Litter of 2 female puppies, one available.
AKC Longhaired White German Shepherd
German Shepherd 3 year old large male is looking for permanent home. Would make a great guard dog. Gentle with little kids. He has AKC certified pedigree papers, UTD on shots and is neutered. Will come with his leash, collar and rest of his food.
Goldendoodle puppies avaliable -
Goldendoodle puppies available for adoption.
Born May 24. Litter has 5 girls and 1 boy.
These pups are solid white/ blond in color with no other markings. They almost glow in the dark, in the moonlight.
Very intelligent and active pups.
They are being taught pad training to make the transition to a loving home all the more easier.
Vet, shots, de-worming etc available as well
Low shedding ...
Jul 3 -
AKC French Bulldog Puppies
AKC French Bulldog Female Puppies-Taking deposit. Ready for new home
after July 16th. Vet check, shots, micro-chipped, box
trained plus many extras. Parents on site. $1900+.
Call for appt. 503 579-1232.
Jul 3 -
Bichon/poodle puppies
These cute and healthy puppies are a cross between the Bichon frise and a miniature poodle. They are highly intelligent, affectionate and loyal dogs. They adhere quickly to obedience, and easily learn tricks. They are quite playful, but not overly energetic, and require only moderate exercise. There sweet, and friendly temperament allows them to get on well with children, and other pets.
Jul 3 -
Battle Ground
12 week old Cocker Spaniel Australian Shepherd mix
Adorable pup! Best suited for a home without small children. Loving, affectionate and loyal, but grumpy with our little ones so he needs a new home. Doesn't bother the chickens or kittens. First shots given.
This ad was posted with the eBay Classifieds mobile app.
Jul 3 -
AKC White German Sheperd
Female longhaired white German Sheperd for adoption. She is very loving, friendly, and good with leash walking. Up to date on vaccines. Spayed. Not sure how she does with cats but she sure does loove kids. We have her AKC Pedigree papers. Asking $700 for adoption fee but we want to find her a good home.
AKC English Labrador Puppies 12 Weeks Old
12 week old black lab puppies. Have one female and one male. Puppies have had their declaws removed, been wormed three times and have had their first 2 shots. Father is an AKC Champion. Both parents are athletic with laid back personalities. Parents have had all their health clearance. Puppies come with a guarantee.
Jul 3 -
La Center
AKC French Bulldog - Blue & Chocolate carrier
One beautiful 5 week old AKC Fawn with Black mask male was born 05/24/15. He was DNA'd and is a blue carrier - no test for chocolate. He is being raised in my home - under my feet with his other 4 siblings. He is an outgoing puppy who loves to give kisses. He is a very loving pup. Dew claws removed, dewormed, microchip, 1st vaccine, vet check and will come with a puppy package. He will be ...


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The End of Night: Searching for Natural Darkness in an Age of Artificial Lightby Paul Bogard
Staff Pick
Remarkably, estimates are that eight out of every ten children born in America today will never know "what it means." That is, 80 percent will never know a night dark enough that they can see the Milky Way.
Remarkable and depressing. The End of Night follows author Paul Bogard as he travels the world to discover the pernicious effects of our overdependence on artificial lighting. Our compulsive need to illuminate the night has had many unintended and deleterious consequences for both our own well-being and that of our nonhuman neighbors. Despite there being "no statistically significant evidence that street lighting impacts the level of crime," we persist in our need to eradicate not only the perceived (but nearly nonexistent) threat of post-dusk violence, but also the latent fear that underlies our dis-ease with the darkness and mystery of the evening and early morning hours in general.
Bogard visits foreign and domestic cities, national parks, observatories, workplaces, suburbs, and rural areas to interview a host of both experts and laypeople on light pollution and related subjects. Much of the information he uncovers is rather disturbing, especially the effects on wildlife and personal health (including a possible causal link with cancer). As places throughout the world free from an excess of artificial light continue to dwindle, our connection with the natural world — and our inherent wonder and awe of the night sky's beauty — becomes increasingly threatened.
There is considerable intrigue to be found throughout The End of Night, both scientific and philosophical. A chapter on darkness, melancholia, and death is particularly poignant and moving; however, some portions of the book rely too heavily on anecdote that trends close to tedium. Nonetheless, Bogard's book is, overall, a fascinating probe into an overlit new age of human existence and the ramifications thereof. The End of Night makes clear that it's more than a mere view of the stars above that we've forsaken when we overlight (and improperly light) cities, streets, roads, parking lots, landmarks, and homes.
Synopses & Reviews
Publisher Comments:
A deeply panoramic tour of the night, from its brightest spots to the darkest skies we have left.
A starry night is one of nature's most magical wonders. Yet in our artificially lit world, three-quarters of Americans' eyes never switch to night vision and most of us no longer experience true darkness. In The End of Night, Paul Bogard restores our awareness of the spectacularly primal, wildly dark night sky and how it has influenced the human experience across everything from science to art.
From Las Vegas' Luxor Beam — the brightest single spot on this planet — to nights so starlit the sky looks like snow, Bogard blends personal narrative, natural history, science, and history to shed light on the importance of darkness — what we've lost, what we still have, and what we might regain — and the simple ways we can reduce the brightness of our nights tonight.
"A lyrical, far-reaching book. Part elegy, part call-to-arms, The End of Night feels like an essential addition to the literature of nature." Boston Globe
"A moving, poetic, immersive, multifaceted, and thought-provoking study....Terrific." Publishers Weekly
"[Bogard] offers delightful insights from experts on the activities of nature during the night....Bogard will leave readers in awe of darkness and in admiration of his book." Library Journal (starred review)
"It's impossible to read it without feeling the impulse to set out for the spaces beyond the city limits and spread out a blanket under the stars." The Columbus Dispatch
"Appealing....An engaging blend of personal story, hard science and a bit of history." Kirkus Reviews
"Introducing us to the pitch-black island of Sark, and groups such as Civil Twilight (designer of streetlights that shut off under moonlight) and Starlight Reserves (which considers freedom from light pollution a basic right), Bogard makes a solid case for hitting the national dimmer switch." Mother Jones
"A hymn to vanished darkness. A literary journey. This is a rich book. As you read it, you too will want to reclaim the night and perhaps rediscover the heavens of the Enlightenment." Nature
"The most precious things in the modern world are probably silence, solitude, and darkness — and of these three rarities, true darkness may be the rarest of all. Many thanks to Paul Bogard for searching out the dark spots and reminding us to celebrate them!" Bill McKibben, author of The End of Nature
"Many of the words one might use to praise this book-lucid, illuminating, brilliant — are, ironically, metaphors drawn from light. Paul Bogard deploys his brilliance to seek out and celebrate the primordial darkness that surrounds our lit-up bubble. He shows how much we lose by living cooped up inside this perpetual glare, cut off from the beauty and mystery of the cosmos, lulled into thinking we are masters of the universe rather than members of the web of life. And he shows how we might reconnect to that original world." Scott Russell Sanders, author of Earth Works and A Conservationist Manifesto
About the Author
Paul Bogard teaches creative nonfiction at James Madison University. He is the editor of the anthology Let There Be Night: Testimony on Behalf of the Dark.
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In this paper we show how the network routing protocol B.A.T.M.A.N. can be augmented by a simple hysteresis mechanism called Batrytis in order to provide a more stable routing table with no decrease in performance. This leads to an improved operating environment for various networked applications. We conduct various indoor and outdoor experiments showing the operation of Batrytis. We also demonstrate its operation with directional antennas and pose various improvements both at the network and MAC layer.


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Travel Blogs from Dubai
Tinsel town or Las Vegas?????
... d left in the Sheraton in Singapore. Shops were glitzy..tried some Ourmage perfume (owned by the Sultan of Oman) which was beautiful and at very high cost. In the basement was a souk with sections devoted to different parts of the arab world and in true style if you hesitated you were pounced on. Had tea and baklava in a Turkish cafe which had opened the day before and lingered to use their wi fi but it was very slow. No greater success at the ...
March 25 - At Sea
Dubai is located on the Arabian Gulf which leads into the Strait of Hormuz which you will all remember from the Gulf War. About 20% of the world's oil supply passes through here on a daily basis so we were joined by a flotilla of eight tankers as we sailed through. There were an equal number entering making for a busy area.
Once out of the Strait we entered the Gulf of Oman and the ship was immediately placed on pirate watch. In the ...
Vegas of the Middle East... Dubai
... chance to go into the park but we did get to see the main attraction from a far, Ferrari World is home to the world's fastest roller coaster which zooms to speeds close to 130 miles per hour at one point, doing its best to replicate the speeds of the famous red formula one cars that the brand has won many races with.
By the time we arrived back at our hotel we were pretty tired from another full day of touring so we decided to just pop across to the larger ...
... the boy at the hotel let him park at the side, think he was expecting a tip or summin but he never did get one haha. After blabbering ***** for a while me and ryan headed out to this place that he said was the best chinese in the world. Ill be the judge of that. When we got there it was absolutly packed out the door and we were number 9 in the que. That didnt bother me, means we could go to the shisha place just down the road. Got a good half ...
Sydney Flight: Day 1
We didn't get off to a great start when the car that was meant to be picking us up arrived early and took two other guests to the airport instead! Andy was on the phone for about 20 minutes to some useless guy trying to explain the situation (his reply- 'are you sure you're not at the airport??') but luckily the hotel took pity on us ...
Other places to stay in Dubai
Grosvenor House Dubaiدبي مارينا, Dubai | 5 star hotelfrom $244
- Pure Luxury in Dubai
- Grovsenor House Dubai
- Fabulous - until 1.30 pm
Atlantis, The Palmالنخلة جميرا, Dubai | 5 star hotelfrom $308
Jumeirah Emirates Towersالمركز التجاري, Dubai | 5 star hotelfrom $185
- Good again
- Perfect Hotel
- Fantastic stay at the Emirates Towers
InterContinental Dubai Festival Cityرأس الخور, Dubai | 5 star hotelfrom $206
Golden Sands Hotel Apartmentsبر دبي, Dubai | 4 star hotelfrom $70
- Clean but dated accommodation
- Reliable, good value (and some advice for the ladies)
Crowne Plaza Hotel Dubaiالمركز التجاري, Dubai | 4 star hotelfrom $115
- A great Experience
- It was fab!!
- Outstanding service at plaza
Holiday Inn Dubai - Al Barshaالمركز التجاري, Dubai | 4 star hotelfrom $138
Burj Al Arab Jumeirahأم سقيم, Dubai | 5 star hotelfrom $1,292
- Arabian magic
- Warning! Do not entrust your credit card
- Absolute splendour
Le Meridien Dubai1, Dubai | 5 star hotelfrom $96
- Very pleasant stay
- OK, but not 5*
- Superb
Grand Hyatt Dubaiبر دبي, Dubai | 5 star hotelfrom $186
- Great service and very friendly
- Faultless
- Have to agree with comments about staff
Hyatt Regency Dubai1, Dubai | 4 star hotelfrom $132
- Just okay
- I cant fault this hotel - and i'm picky!
- Hyatt
Hilton Dubai Jumeirah Resortدبي مارينا, Dubai | 3 star hotelfrom $153
- Continues to be a great hotel
- Never Again!
- The Excellent Hilton Dubai
Four Points by Sheraton Sheikh Zayed Road Dubaiالمركز التجاري, Dubai | 5 star hotelfrom $105
Towers Rotana - Dubaiالمركز التجاري, Dubai | 3 star hotelfrom $106
- Great Place to stay ....
- Not the best!!
- "Treated like a King & Queen"
Arabian Park Hotelبر دبي, Dubai | 3 star hotelfrom $52
- Great service
- Great Hotel with excellent service
- Never again
Media RotanaTecom, Dubai | 5 star hotelfrom $130
JW Marriott Hotel Dubaiديرة, Dubai | 4 star hotelfrom $154
- Gutes altes Hotel
- Purer Luxus zu Weihnachten
- Pure luxury at Christmas
Tamani Hotel Marinaدبي مارينا, Dubai | 5 star hotelfrom $145
The Address Downtown Dubai1, Dubai | 5 star hotelfrom $413
Al Qasr at Madinat Jumeirahجميرا, Dubai | 5 star hotelfrom $268
- Al Qasr one in a million
- Excellent resort hotel! Much better than Mina A' Salam
- Just Superb!
Chelsea Tower Hotel Apartmentsالمركز التجاري الأولى, Dubai | 4 star hotelfrom $132
Grand Excelsior Hotelبر دبي, Dubai | 5 star hotelfrom $77
Shangri-La Hotel, Dubaiالمركز التجاري الثانية, Dubai | 5 star hotelfrom $191
- Superb! Fresh and very friendly.
- Business or leisure
- Great business hotel
Fairmont Dubaiالبدع, Dubai | 5 star hotelfrom $167
- Service with a smile !
- Very very good!!
- Great hotel
Novotel World Trade Centre Dubai1, Dubai | 3 star hotelfrom $101
- Good hotel.
- Better than I thought.
- Value for money
Westin Dubai Mina Seyahi Beach Resort & Marinaدبي مارينا, Dubai | 5 star hotelfrom $221
- Staff training needed
- Bigger is not always better!
- Great Location, Needs to improve


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Imax Signs Two-Theater Deal in South Africa
The agreement for additional screens in Pretoria and Johannesburg follows Ster-Kinekor launching an anchor site in Durban.
TORONTO – Imax is expanding its presence in South Africa after inking a two-theater deal with Ster-Kinekor Theaters.
The division of Primedia Group will add a theater to an upcoming multiplex in Pretoria East, and a second to another new multiplex in Johannesburg, to bring its stable of Imax theaters to three.
Ster-Kinekor opened an initial Imax screen in Durban nine months ago.
The latest agreement with the South African exhibitor is part of a strategy by Imax, led by Andrew Cripps, president of Imax EMEA, to expand beyond the North American market into new emerging world markets.
"South Africa was one of a number of new countries that we entered in 2013, which also included Germany, Switzerland and Portugal, and it is clear there is a growing appetite for Imax in the market," Cripps said on Wednesday in a statement.
Ster-Kinekor Theaters operates 54 commercial cinemas in South Africa, with five additional sites in Lesotho, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
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April 30, 2013
We love this 50s style vintage cupcake motif apron from Etsy artisan AquamarCouture! The circle skirt look is complete with extra flounce for that classic June Cleaver look. It's the perfect Mother's Day gift or the passionate home cook who likes to make a fashion statement. Click here for more details and to order.
Permalink Narasimharao Marella
May 3, 2013
May 3, 2013
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Town Square
Portola Valley schools celebrate 150 years
Original post made on Jun 6, 2011
Read the full story here Web Link posted Monday, June 6, 2011, 10:33 AM
Comments (2)
a resident of Portola Valley: Ladera
on Jun 6, 2011 at 7:16 pm
Stanford University opened its doors to students 120 years ago and when it was started, there was no Palo Alto, so I'm anxious to learn how there could be a 150 year old school in Portola Valley today?
- - - Jacquelyn Miller
a resident of another community
on Jun 7, 2011 at 12:26 pm
There is not a 150 old school in Portola Valley. The school is under Searsville lake, due to a damn that Stanford refuses to remove even today. The districe, however, is that age (long before Portola Valley was incorporated). Hmmm.
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Nice, simple in use and fast Puntuado con 5 de 5 estrellas
Is it possible to add also IP and Host? (If it will not be difficult, of course)?
Thank you very much - as was told - as done - now there is also IP!
with the next version 0.3, the IP will be in there