text:
Efficient dissipation and uniform spreading of heat from electronic solid-state devices by their associated heat-sink structures is promoted by thin broad-area thermally-conductive mountings built up from layers of a special form of substantially pure flexible and compressible flat graphite sheet material and a bonding-and-filling coating. At least one such 5-10 mil thickness layer of Grafoil flexible sheet, involving a crushable compressed mass of expanded graphite particles which are plate-like and oriented essentially parallel with the sheet surfaces, is intimately connected with a very thin bonding-and-filling coating substantially fully along its broad-area surfaces, and the latter coating is bonded at elevated temperature and pressure into a self-adhering relationship with surfaces of a heat-sink device intended to be disposed opposite surfaces of an electronic semiconductor device from which excess heat is to escape. The coating is applied while in a liquid condition, in quantity sufficient to be effective to fill minute interstitial spaces appearing along the heat-sink surfaces and yet not so thickly as to prevent numerous point contacts from being made at sites of minute surface irregularities of the graphite sheet material and the heat-sink device. Mechanical fastening of a semiconductor device atop the prepared mounting layers of the heat-sink device compresses the crushable graphite sheet material so that voids are minimized and low thermal impedance can be realized between the heat sink and semiconductor device.
1. A mounting for effecting transfer of heat between an electronic device and a heat sink, comprising a substantially flat and thin layer consisting essentially of expanded graphite, and a relatively much thinner coating of bonding-and-filling material adhering to said layer and having qualities allowing it to fill interstitial spaces between abutted surfaces of said layer and a heat sink and to bond said layer to the heat sink.
2. A mounting as set forth in claim 1 wherein said layer is a dense flexible and pliable material in which elongated expanded-graphite particles are partially compressed to a layer thickness of up to about thirty thousandths of an inch, and wherein said coating is of the order of about one ten-thousandth of an inch thick.
3. A mounting as set forth in claim 2 wherein said layer thickness is about five to ten thousandths of an inch, and wherein the material of said coating is bondable with surfaces of the heat sink.
4. A mounting as set forth in claim 3 wherein said material of said coating is meltable at relatively low temperature so as to flow onto and then solidify and bond with surfaces of the heat sink against which it is abutted.
5. A mounting as set forth in claim 4 wherein said material is paraffin solidified after application as said coating in a liquified state.
6. A mounting as set forth in claim 3 wherein said material of said coating is a plastic curable after being applied to said layer and being abutted with the surfaces of the heat sink.
7. A mounting as set forth in claim 3 wherein said material of said coating is an adhesive which is self-bonding with the surfaces of said heat sink under pressure.
8. A mounting as set forth in claim 3 further comprising a thin film of electrically-insulating material overlying said layer and bonded therewith by a second thin coating of bonding-and-filling material adhering both to said layer and to said film and filling interstitial spaces between abutted surfaces thereof.
9. A mounting as set forth in claim 8 further comprising a second flat and thin layer consisting essentially of expanded graphite, overlying said film, and a third thin coating of bonding-and-filling material adhering to both said second layer and to said film and filling interstitial spaces between abutted surfaces thereof.
10. A heat sink and mounting assembly for an electronic device, comprising a heat sink having surfaces disposed to confront and communicate heat from complementary surfaces of an electronic device, a thin layer consisting essentially of expanded graphite overlying said heat sink surfaces, and a relatively much thinner coating of bonding-and-filling material adhering to both said heat sink surfaces and to said layer and substantially filling interstitial spaces therebetween.
11. A heat sink and mounting assembly as set forth in claim 10 wherein said layer comprises elongated expanded-graphite particles compressed from a much larger thickness to up to about thirty thousandths of an inch, and wherein said coating is of the order of about one ten-thousandth of an inch.
12. A heat sink and mounting assembly as set forth in claim 11 wherein said layer is about five to ten thousandths of an inch, and wherein said coating also overlies said layer.
13. A heat sink and mounting assembly as set forth in claim 11 wherein said material of said coating is cured after being applied to said layer and to said surfaces of said heat sink.
14. A heat sink and mounting assembly as set forth in claim 13 wherein said heat sink surfaces carry an activator material for curing said coating material.
The present invention relates to improvements in the mounting of electronic devices and the like in relation to their associated heat sinks, and, in one particular aspect, to novel and improved thin readily-applied mounting pad arrangements of low-cost composite construction which establish high-quality thermal transfer characteristics between semiconductor devices and heat sinks largely by way of crushable expanded-graphite particle material.
As is well known, at the current stage of developments in the art, applications of miniature semiconductor devices and microcircuit modules are severely limited in respect of the self-generated heat which they can successfully expel and prevent from building up as they are caused to operate at higher and higher powers. In some instances, the environments of use permit complex forced-fluid cooling systems to be employed, but a very common and economical expedient instead involves the attachment of simpler finned metal extrusions or stampings which help to conduct and radiate heat away from the thermally-vulnerable regions. For such purposes, it is important that the thermal impedance between a semiconductor or microcircuit unit and its associated heat sink structure be kept to a minimum and that it be of uniformity which will prevent build-up of localized hot spots. Those characteristics are not always realized to a satisfactory extent by simply abutting some part of the heat-generating unit with complementary surfaces of its heat sink, because, despite appearances, the respective mating surfaces will generally exhibit only a very surprisingly small percentage of area in actual sound contact. In part, such contact failure, and attendant poor transmission of heat, tends to be caused by relatively gross surface imperfections, whose effects might be offset somewhat by subjecting the complementary surfaces to precise machining or other shaping. And, in part, such contact failures can be attributed to microscopic surface irregularities, which will remain at the interfaces even if the cooperating parts are formed and finished with great care. When it becomes necessary to insulate one part from the other, electrically, the heat-conduction problems are greatly compounded.
Among the prior practices which have been employed in efforts to improve the heat flow from semiconductor or like devices to their heat sinks is that of spreading amorphous oil or grease, such as silicone, between the joined surfaces. The messy character of such a filler, as well as the uses of insulating mica and varnish insulating layers, are referred to in U.S. Pat. No. 3,229,757. Thermal grease and/or powdered metal, contained by a film, has likewise been proposed to augment heat transfer, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,092,697, although the fabrication and handling of such small "pillows" obviously involves special problems also. Cooling fins have been secured by way of epoxy cement loaded with powdered metal (U.S. Pat. No. 3,261,396), and large-area epoxy films have been said to insulate while yet transferring large quantities of heat (U.S. Pat. No. 3,611,046). In U.S. Pat. No. Re. 25,184, electrically non-conductive plastic coating material is filled with molybdenum disulphide to promote heat conduction, and, where electrical insulation is not essential, a dimpled malleable metal wafer has been interposed to increase transfer of heat (U.S. Pat. No. 4,151,547).
The present invention is aimed at improving convenience and effectiveness of the mountings of electronic devices in relation to heat sinks, and, in particular, at effecting economies and efficiency in the manufacture and assembly of such combinations and enabling them to form exceptionally sound low-conductivity thermal couplings. In one preferred embodiment, selected surfaces of a metal heat sink, opposite which are to be disposed the complementary surfaces of an electronic semiconductor device from which heat is to be withdrawn, are overlaid by a thin sheet of crushable expanded-graphite material, and the minute interstitial spaces along the interfacing between that material and the heat sink are filled by an exceedingly thin coating bonded to both the sheet and heat sink. A coating material such as paraffin adheres well to the graphite sheet and metal heat sink and holds the sheet in place mechanically, as well as serving to improve heat-transfer characteristics. A like coating on the opposite side of the sheet merges with the complementary surfaces of the semiconductor device when it is bolted or otherwise firmly clamped in place. In instances when the heat sink and semiconductor device should be electrically insulated, a thin insulating plastic film is sandwiched between two such expanded-graphite sheets, bonded in place between like exceedingly-thin coatings of the bonding-and-filling material.
Accordingly, it is one of the objects of this invention to provide novel and improved thermal-pad mountings for promoting highly effective transfer of heat from electronic semiconductor devices to heat sinks, the pads comprising readily-handled crushable sheets consisting essentially of expanded graphite particles.
A further object is to provide unique and advantageous thermal-matching mountings involving crushable expanded graphite particles in thin sheet form affixed to surfaces of heat sinks and semiconductor devices by way of yet thinner coatings of material which both fill interstitial spaces as an aid to thermal conduction and bond the sheet into place as an aid to installation of the heat sinks, both the crushable sheet and coating being deformable and conforming under influence of temperature and pressure.
Although the aspects of this invention which are considered to be novel are expressed in the appended claims, further details as to preferred practices and as to further objects and features thereof may be most readily comprehended through reference to the following detailed description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a pictorial view of a portion of a heat sink together with a broken-away illustration of an improved pad-type mounting for an electronic semiconductor device, the latter and its fasteners being separated from the heat sink in an "exploded" relationship to expose the mounting arrangement;
FIG. 2 portrays a type TO-3 power transistor unit having its lower surfaces in heat-transfer relation to the improved mounting arrangement;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-section of a mounting-pad arrangement such as that of FIGS. 1 and 2, on an enlarged scale and with dimensional references; and
FIG. 4 is a transverse cross-section of an alternative mounting-pad arrangement incorporating an electrical insulation film.
Having reference to the drawings, wherein like reference characters designate identical or corresponding parts throughout the different views, and more particularly to FIG. 1 thereof, one embodiment of an improved heat-sinking combination, 5, is shown to involve an extruded metal heat sink 6 having multiple ribs or fins 6a and a planar base portion 7b to which an electronic semiconductor package 7 is to be affixed by way of fasteners such as the bolt 7a. Package 7 will be recognized as a commonly-known type TO-3 power transistor, but, like heat sink 6, is illustrative only, other semiconductor devices and circuit modules and heat sink configurations also being served to advantage by improved mounting arrangements which exploit key features of the thin crushable mounting pad 8. The latter pad has the general outline of the semiconductor package with which it is intended to cooperate, in this case the base outline of a TO-3 package, and is self-adhered to the substantially flat upper surfacing of heat-sink base portion 6b by way of an exceedingly thin bottom layer 9. That layer is of the order of about 1/10,000 inch thick, and it adheres both to the aforesaid upper heat-sink surfacing and to the lower surfaces of a much thicker major layer 10 which is uniquely a flexible expanded graphite product. Material of which the major layer 10 is made is highly important because it deforms in beneficial respects under pressures attending the tight fastening of package 7 to heat sink 6, and it exhibits advantageous thermal conductivity, some in preferential directions; at the same time, the layer withstands extremes of temperature while preserving its flexibility, and it is desirably chemically inert and has mechanical integrity allowing it to be handled easily during its installation and to resist crumbling or fracture when tight fastening takes place. Those characteristics are realized with a sheet material which consists essentially of graphite and, in particular, flexible sheeting made from graphite particles which have first been expanded and then compacted together. Such materials are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,404,061, for example, and are available commercially from Union Carbide Corporation under its registered trademark GRAFOIL. A thickness of the order of about five to ten thousandths of an inch is appropriate for the layer 10, although up to about thirty thousands would be a suitable thickness for such layers when used for the mounting of much larger devices. Atop the expanded graphite sheet there is disposed another very thin coating, 11, preferably of the same filling-and-bonding type material of which layer 9 is composed. In the latter connection, both layers or coatings 9 and 11 are intentionally kept exceedingly thin so that excess amounts of their material will not be present in the finished compressed assembly to impede the flow of heat from device 7 to heat sink 6, but they contain enough material, in a flowable rather than hard state, to substantially fill the numerous tiny voids or interstices which would otherwise be present between the abutted surfaces of the seemingly-smooth expanded-graphite sheet and of the heat sink and semiconductor device. Surface irregularities, even of carefully-finished parts, can be quite coarse on a microscopic scale, and junctures which are intended to be of broad area for optimum heat-transmission purposes may therefore turn out to involve only a very small total of the areas of actual direct point-like contacts, the balance being air-filled voids which conduct heat rather poorly. However, the thermal couplings at such junctions are significantly improved when the minute voids are filled with solidified material, even though it may not be the optimum material for heat-conducting purposes; heat-transfer characteristics tend to be enhanced so long as the thicknesses of such void-filling material are not large. It is for the latter reason that coatings 9 and 11 are only about a ten-thousandth inch thick.
In addition to the thermal "impedance-matching" which they bring about, the two coatings 9 and 11 should of course adhere well to the expanded-graphite layer 10, which has rather high-lubricity surfaces; moreover, lower coating 9 should bond easily with the heat sink, and upper coating 11 preferably should not remain so tacky as to require a protective covering before the device 7 is fastened to the prepared sub-assembly of heat sink 6 and mounting 8. Such coatings also preferably lend themselves to being applied as thin liquids, which will assume more solid form with change in temperature or evaporation of solvents. Ordinary paraffin fills such requirements, for example, and may be thinly coated upon graphite layer 10 while hot and then allowed to solidify; for purposes of pre-mounting with the heat sink 10 to form a sub-assembly combination of heat sink and mounting pad which the user can process conveniently, paraffin may be applied to the receiving surfaces of the heat sink and/or to the bottom of layer 10 and a desired bonding and filling will take place when heat and pressure are applied. In another practice, so-called FEP Teflon in aqueous solution, may be similarly applied and then baked, such that the Teflon will soften and bond after the manner of a glue. Polyethylene, and zinc-filled high-conductivity pastes, may also be used for such coatings. Currently, a preferred coating material for bottom layer 9 is one commercially identified as Loctite No. 324 Structural Adhesive (Loctite Corporation) a thick material requiring dilution with about thirty to forty times its own weight of solvent (trichlorethylene). After dilution, the substance is painted on to the heat sink and the solvent is allowed to evaporate, leaving a thin tacky layer; separately, an activator (copper salt) substance (Loctite No. 724) is sprayed onto the lower surfaces of graphite layer 10 and, when the two layers are brought together under pressure, it triggers a "curing" which establishes a desired bonding. Epoxy resin and hardener materials will provide a similar cured-in-place bonding.
As is represented in FIG. 2, a semiconductor device or the like, 7', may be separately assembled with a mounting pad 8' of the type which has been described. There, the under surface of device 7' is adhered to the ultra-thin coating 11' on the expanded-graphite sheet 10, and the lower surface 9' may be coated, or not, as the application may dictate. Where electrical insulation is required between the device and its heat sink, the heat sink surfaces against which the pad 8' is to be abutted may be anodized, if the nature of its material admits of that. In FIG. 3, the same mounting pad, 8', is illustrated on an enlarged scale, the thicknesses 9a and 11a of coatings 9' and 11' being much less than that, 10a, of the expanded-graphite sheet 10. Such a composite mounting is somewhat flexible, but has structural integrity allowing it to be made and handled and installed as a separate unit. In those instances when the coatings 9' and 11' remain tacky prior to installation, or when they might otherwise become contaminated or injured, they may be temporarily covered by peelable protective plastic films or packets (not shown). The pliable and flexible expanded-graphite layer 10' may be of material prepared as described in the aforesaid U.S. Pat. No. 3,404,061, and can be expected to have anisotropy both physically and in respect of directions in which heat will be conducted more freely. It is preferred that no extraneous binder residues be present in the expanded-graphite layer, and that can be achieved without resins or the like by suitably compressing and rolling the vermiform-particle masses of expanded graphite from which the layer is to be made. In its transverse directions, 12, which are also transverse to the lateral directions 13 in which the expanded-and-compressed vermiform graphite particles extend, the heat conduction tends to be less preferred; however, those transverse directions are the ones in which the aforementioned point-like contacts are made between the layer 10' and the nearby abutted surfaces of a heat sink and electronic device, and the preferential heat conduction in the lateral directions 13 tends to spread and even out the withdrawal of heat.
Although anodizing may in some instances interpose a needed electrical insulation, as has been mentioned, it may in some cases be advantageous that a separate insulating layer be incorporated into the mounting. FIG. 4 shows one such unit, 8", in which there are two layers of the expanded-graphite material, 10' and 10", and an intermediate electrical-insulation film or layer 14, such as one of paper or a high-temperature plastic (example: Kapton, a DuPont polyimide material). It is important that the thickness 15 of that insulation layer be kept very small, to minimize its tendencies to increase thermal impedance of the unit; for like reasons, interfaces between that layer and the graphite layers between which it is sandwiched should be made as thermally efficient as possible, and that end is served by exceedingly thin coatings 16 and 17, which are like coatings 9 and 11 (FIG. 1) in that they bond the insulation intimately with the expanded-graphite layers 10' and 10" and fill the otherwise-troublesome voids appearing at the interface interstices. One or both of the exposed graphite layers may also be similarly coated, as at 11', to realize the benefits already described.
Grafoil material, of Union Carbide Corporation, functions well as the substantially-pure expanded-graphite material, although other graphite materials as referred to in said U.S. Pat. No. 3,404,061 may be expected to yield useful results. The material may also be loaded with metal or other highly conductive particles or filaments, to augment the intended effects.
It should therefore be understood that the specific embodiments and practices shown and described herein have been presented by way of disclosure, rather than limitation, and that various modifications, combinations and substitutions may be effected by those skilled in the art without departure in spirit or scope from this invention in its broader aspects and as set forth in the appended claims.
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
Referenced by
Legal Events
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text:
Santa Barbara, CAUSA
November 10, 2011
No introduction yet
very good
About us…
Help support your Meetup
Welcome to the Santa Barbara Board Game Night Club. We are an active gaming group with weekly game nights at local venues in Santa Barbara and Goleta. The club is free to join and people of all ages are welcome. We play a large group of games from the newest to the oldest games released. A typical night could include Settlers of Catan, Dominion, Bang, Ticket to Ride, Forbidden Island and dozens of other games.
You can also bring your favorite game and often find people to play it with you.
We hope you can join us!
Pays the Meetup fees and provides demo & raffle games
Provides demo games and runs the game store.
Host of the Thursday Game Night.
Demo games for our library.
1,016 Outdoor Enthusiasts
926 Members
362 Yogis
239 Gamers
383 Socializers
76 SB Axxessers
Meetup members, Log in
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Don't see your question? Visit our help section.
1 of 5
by NC Soft
by Blizzard Entertainment
In a hurry?
Pick Up At Store
by Idea Factory International
by Koei Tecmo
by Focus Home Interactive
by Tecmo Koei America Corporation
by Square Enix
Online Only
by Atlus
by Bandai Namco Games America Inc.
by Trion Worlds, Inc.
by Game Arts


text:
Updated 02/21/2013
Across the street from the ocean, the Bedarra has the cheerful atmosphere of people enjoying great value in a place where everyone knows their names. The bright rooms in the two-story L-shaped miniresort have plentiful white-tile floor space, a king or two twin beds, a simple bathroom with ample counter space, and a balcony with seating. Rooms 17, 18, and 19 have views to the sea while the rest face the small pool; the two cheaper rooms are directly off the bar area. Guests become fast friends and this is a fantastic base for day trips to waterfalls, villages, and even the Mamanuca Islands. The café is good and the delicious Ocean Terrace Restaurant is excellent.
Sunset Strip, Old Queens Rd. Km 78, Coral Coast, unknown, Viti Levu, Fiji
Website: www.bedarrafiji.com
Hotel Details:
Updated 02/21/2013
No Thanks


text:
I absolutely loved this, and it even helped me win a costume contest. While you can't see out of it, it's definitely good for working at haunted attractions. While it was a little big for me (I have a petite face), I appreciated the ability to trim it to a more comfortable fit. I highly recommend…BOTTOM LINE Yes, I would recommend this to a friend
i forgot when i bought this, that i was wearing it for work! i had to cut a tiny hole in the middle to see;but,i just applied some red makeup around the eyelid and a little extra blood! i wore it all night at work and had no problems...and the latex was easy to get off!


text:
2004 Hyundai Getz • 80,000 miles
I have a high pitched whistling sound when driving a while, its at front of car, had it to multiple garages, all say they cant find anything.
December 27, 2012.
December 27, 2012.
At what speed?
Does coasting in neutral makes any difference?
Where is the noise coming from?
Does coasting in neutral makes any difference?
Where is the noise coming from?
Dec 27, 2012.
Dec 27, 2012.
The car start to have this chirping noise after i changed differential oil for AWD in a car shop (don't know if this D oil change can be related to the noise or not), the squeaky/...
7 answers • 2011 Acura TL • 46,000 miles
I have a winning noise that is coming from the engine. The noise comes from the engine, when you start the car the noise is there. And when the car gets warmed up the noise is not as ...
5 answers • 2002 Buick Rendezvous • 165,000 miles
Lately when i start my car, sometimes it'll make a static squeak like noise, also when shifting in neutral the static noise stops but the squeaky noise continues and gets a little ...
1 answer • 2000 Dodge Neon • 223,000 miles
Makes clanking noise while on fwd and reverse... drive shaft was removed to decrease sound. Just bought this truck under the promise that only bearings needed to be replaced.. Upon ...
3 answers • 1999 Chevrolet Silverado • 148,000 miles


text:
6th July 2014
Stonewall education head: Improving teacher training is the key to tackling homophobic bullying 9
2:25 PM — Luke Tryl is Head of Education at Stonewall. He spoke to PinkNews.co.uk at Stonewall's Education for All conference ahead of the publication of the Teachers' Report 2014, about what still needs to be done.
5th July 2014
UK: Brighton and Hove named best council for tackling homophobic bullying in schools 3
5:35 PM — Stonewall has named Brighton and Hove as the best council in the country for tackling homophobic and biphobic bullying in schools.
Ruth Hunt: People didn't want a lesbian to represent gay people 65
4:36 PM — Stonewall's acting Chief Executive Ruth Hunt has said that she received criticism when she was appointed, because people didn't want a woman in charge of an LGB group.
4th July 2014
France: Government abandons teaching gender equality after boycott 7
2:24 PM — The French government has cancelled school lessons that aimed to fight gender stereotypes.
UK: Only one in eight teachers trained to deal with homophobic bullying 4
12:06 PM — Just one in eight teachers are trained to deal with homophobic bullying in schools, a poll has found.
29th June 2014
Israeli Education Minister: I am truly sorry for saying same-sex couples aren't families 12
4:27 PM — Israel's Education Minister has apologised for claiming that same-sex couples aren't families earlier this week.
27th June 2014
Israeli Education Minister: Same-sex couples aren't families 9
4:50 PM — Israel's Education Minister has said that it is the state's "duty" to make sure that same-sex couple are not recognised as families.
21st June 2014
Tristram Hunt: Textbooks that teach homosexuality is a choice are 'dangerous' and 'backward' 43
5:30 PM — Shadow Education Secretary Tristram Hunt has attacked the use of "dangerous" textbooks in British schools that teach homosexuality is a choice.
16th June 2014
King's College London Student Union to vote on stripping anti-gay Sultan of honours 13
11:14 AM — A motion has been filed to the King's College London Student Union calling for the removal of the honorary doctorate presented to the Sultan of Brunei.
11th June 2014
UK: Charity coalition calls for statuatory LGBT-inclusive sex education 6
12:56 PM — A coalition of charities and teachers' groups has called for LGBT-inclusive sex education lessons to be mandatory for all schools.
8th June 2014
Hawaii: Sex education lessons to require 'opt-in' over fears of 'normalising' homosexuality 9
2:35 PM — The Hawaii Department of Education has confirmed that children will only be able to receive sex education lessons if their parents specifically opt in, over fears about homosexuality.
29th May 2014
Australia: School drops ban against same-sex prom pairing 4
2:19 PM — An Australian public school which refused to allow two girls to attend the debutante ball as a pair has reversed its decision.
21st May 2014
Parents force Ofsted out of faith school for asking children about same-sex relationships 45
2:38 PM — Ofsted abandons the inspection of an Islamic primary school in Luton after parents complain that officials were asking students about their views on gay people.
20th May 2014
US: Republican politician claims standardised tests will make kids 'become homosexual' 16
3:07 PM — A politician in the US state of Florida has claimed that education standards set by the Obama administration will force children to "become as homosexual as they possibly can."
10th May 2014
UK: NHS boards attacked by religious groups after urging for gay-inclusive sex education 23
1:54 PM — NHS boards in Scotland have been attacked by religious groups, after lobbying ministers to weaken the ability to opt out of sex education.
27th March 2014
Survey: Two thirds of teachers 'not ready' to teach same-sex marriage 17
7:05 PM — Two-thirds of teachers say they are not adequately prepared to begin teaching about same-sex marriage, despite weddings starting this weekend.
18th March 2014
Nigel Farage confirms that UKIP will not campaign to abolish same-sex marriage 58
12:26 PM — In January, we invited PinkNews readers to submit their questions to UKIP leader Nigel Farage. The overwhelming subject mentioned was whether he would get rid of existing same-sex marriages.
3rd February 2014
Australia: Author who is 'against gay sex education' will lead curriculum review 22
6:16 PM — The Australian Government has appointed an author who criticised schools for teaching about "decidedly unnatural" gay issues in a positive light to head a national review of education.
12th January 2014
Study: 40 per cent of young LGBT people in England have contemplated suicide 26
1:05 PM — According to a recent major report, more than half of young LGBT people in England have suffered mental health issues, and 40 per cent have considered suicide, emphasising a growing concern that schools and health services are failing gay teenagers.
5th December 2013
Ofsted condemn north London school for failing to take anti-gay bullying 'seriously' 5
1:17 PM — The board of governors at a north London school have stepped down following damning criticism by Ofsted that staff failed to deal sufficiently with homophobic and racist bullying.


text:
Senior Community Service Employment Program (SCSEP)
Request for Proposals
The South Dakota Department of Labor and Regulation invites contractors (sub-grantees) to submit a proposal to the Employment Services Division for the State Operated Senior Community Service Employment Program (SCSEP). View or print the Request for Proposal in Adobe PDF format. Proposals are due no later than Friday, June 12, 2015.
About SCSEP
SCSEP is a joint program handled by the South Dakota Department of Labor and Regulation and the Experience Works non-profit organization.
Through this program, low-income seniors (age 55 and older) benefit from training, counseling and community service assignments at faith-based and other local organizations, prior to transitioning into the workforce.
To qualify in South Dakota, you must:
If you are interested and qualify for this program, you would work at an eligible community agency, earning minimum wage for an average of 20 hours of work per week.
The SCSEP is a great way to:
For more information, contact:
Your nearest South Dakota Department of Labor and Regulation office
Mary Fleming, SCSEP Labor Program Specialist:
Mary Fleming
Phone: 605.773.4212
Fax: 605.773.6184
Department of Labor and Regulation, Director of Employment Services Division:
Andy Szilvasi
Phone: 605.773.3101
Fax: 605.773.6184
Experience Works Adminstrative Office
100 S. Spring Avenue, Suite 140
Sioux Falls, SD 57104
Phone: 605.332.7991
Fax: 605.332.3602
See the national SCSEP website


text:
Vserver MX records
To update your MX records with this Domain Name System (DNS) provider, first understand MX records and learn how to configure them for Google Apps in general.
- Log in to your account at vserver.de.
- Click PowerDNS.
- Click Nameserver.
- Choose the domain you want to edit and click Info.
- Delete all existing MX records.
- Include the MX record values shown in the MX record values table.
Follow the steps within Troubleshoot MX records to fix your DNS setup.


text:
Gallery Folders
200 faces project
aurora vaillantcourt
alexandra sim wise
amiee sweet
amiee rickards
andrea marin
anouk pascale
aria giovanni
amy miller
BTS 45 by markdaughn
bTS 46 by markdaughn
bTS 47 by markdaughn
BTS 48 by markdaughn
chrystal lee
carolee bass
Daily Deviations
raw 5 by markdaughn
One of the best! Well done, Love It!
I love your gallery! Excellent!
BTW, Cherry & Carlotta are my favs, how come they're numbered but only have 1 pic each in the series?
thanks, there is more in the series
When I look at quite a lot of photographers they have one or two great photographs and the rest that they take are average. What interests me with your work is that you consistently created excellent work again and again, which is quite rare to find.
Impressive gallery!
Thanks for sharing


text:
Radney, Susie
Published: Monday, January 17, 2005 at 6:01 a.m.
Last Modified: Sunday, January 16, 2005 at 11:00 p.m.
Funeral will be at 1 p.m. today at Mt. Pilgrim Baptist Church for Susie Radney, 94, Birmingham, formerly of Gadsden, who died Monday, Jan. 10, 2005. The Rev. Byron Woods will officiate. Burial in Lincoln Hill Cemetery. Adams-Buggs Funeral Service directing.
She is survived by her daughter, Mildred P. Lewis, Birmingham; three granddaughters; five grandsons; 10 great-grandchildren; one great-great-grandchild; sister, Lenora Albert, Birmingham; two sisters-in-law, Roberta Frazier, Buffalo, N.Y., and Rosa Mae Radney, Columbus, Ga.; two daughters-in-law, Hortense Radney, Buffalo, and Eleanor Radney, Gadsden; and a host of nieces, nephews, other relatives and friends.
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.
Comments are currently unavailable on this article


text:
COX-2 inhibition improves immunotherapy and is associated with decreased numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in mesothelioma. Celecoxib influences MDSC function
ABSTRACT Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a heterogeneous population of immature cells that accumulates in tumour-bearing hosts. These cells are induced by tumour-derived factors (e.g. prostaglandins) and have a critical role in immune suppression. MDSC suppress T and NK cell function via increased expression of arginase I and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). Immune suppression by MDSC was found to be one of the main factors for immunotherapy insufficiency. Here we investigate if the in vivo immunoregulatory function of MDSC can be reversed by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis by specific COX-2 inhibition focussing on ROS production by MDSC subtypes. In addition, we determined if dietary celecoxib treatment leads to refinement of immunotherapeutic strategies.
MDSC numbers and function were analysed during tumour progression in a murine model for mesothelioma. Mice were inoculated with mesothelioma tumour cells and treated with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor celecoxib, either as single agent or in combination with dendritic cell-based immunotherapy.
We found that large numbers of infiltrating MDSC co-localise with COX-2 expression in those areas where tumour growth takes place. Celecoxib reduced prostaglandin E2 levels in vitro and in vivo. Treatment of tumour-bearing mice with dietary celecoxib prevented the local and systemic expansion of all MDSC subtypes. The function of MDSC was impaired as was noticed by reduced levels of ROS and NO and reversal of T cell tolerance; resulting in refinement of immunotherapy.
We conclude that celecoxib is a powerful tool to improve dendritic cell-based immunotherapy and is associated with a reduction in the numbers and suppressive function of MDSC. These data suggest that immunotherapy approaches benefit from simultaneously blocking cyclooxygenase-2 activity.
Full-textDOI: · Available from: Margaretha E. H. Kaijen-Lambers, Jun 22, 2015
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Article: COX-2 inhibition improves immunotherapy and is associated with decreased numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in mesothelioma. Celecoxib influences MDSC function
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Article: Cox-2 inhibition enhances the activity of sunitinib in human renal cell carcinoma xenografts.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Background:Sunitinib (Su), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of VEGFR, is effective at producing tumour response in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (cRCC), but resistance to therapy is inevitable. As COX-2 is a known mediator of tumour growth, we explored the potential benefit of COX-2 inhibition in combination with VEGFR inhibition in attempts at delaying tumour progression on Su.Methods:COX-2 expression was compared with areas of hypoxia in tumours that progressed on Su vs untreated tumours. Mice bearing human cRCC xenografts were treated with Su and the COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib, and the effects on tumour growth were assessed. Sequential vs concurrent regimens were compared.Results:COX-2 expression was increased in cRCC xenografts in areas of tumour hypoxia. The combination of Su and celecoxib achieved longer times to tumour progression compared to treatment with either agent alone or to untreated control animals in four models. This effect was seen with concurrent but not with sequential therapy.Conclusion:COX-2 inhibition can extend the effectiveness of VEGFR inhibition. This effect is dependent on the timing of therapy. Clinical trials combining Su and COX-2 inhibitors should be considered as a means delaying time to progression on sunitinib in patients with metastatic cRCC.British Journal of Cancer advance online publication, 15 January 2013; doi:10.1038/bjc.2012.591 www.bjcancer.com.British Journal of Cancer 01/2013; 108(2). DOI:10.1038/bjc.2012.591 · 4.82 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: ABSTRACT Despite huge economic and intellectual investments, developing effective cancer treatments continues to be an overarching challenge. Engineered oncolytic viruses (OVs) present self-amplifying immunotherapy platforms capable of preferential cytotoxicity to cancer cells and simultaneous activation of host anti-tumor immunity. In preclinical studies, OVs are showing potent therapeutic effects when used in combination with other immune therapy strategies. In the clinic, the immunotherapeutic effects of OVs are showing promising results. Here we review current strategies for engineering OVs, and present a perspective of future directions within a discussion of the current outcomes of combinatorial approaches with other cancer immunotherapy platforms.Future Oncology 02/2015; 11(4):675-689. DOI:10.2217/fon.14.254 · 2.61 Impact Factor
Article: Myeloid derived suppressor cells—An overview of combat strategies to increase immunotherapy efficacy[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) contribute to tumor-mediated immune escape and negatively correlate with overall survival of cancer patients. Nowadays, a variety of methods to target MDSCs are being investigated. Based on the intervention stage of MDSCs, namely development, expansion and activation, function and turnover, these methods can be divided into: (I) prevention or differentiation to mature cells, (II) blockade of MDSC expansion and activation, (III) inhibition of MDSC suppressive activity or (IV) depletion of intratumoral MDSCs. This review describes effective mono- or multimodal-therapies that target MDSCs for the benefit of cancer treatment.OncoImmunology 01/2015; 4(1):e954829. DOI:10.4161/21624011.2014.954829 · 6.28 Impact Factor


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VIEWS: 18 PAGES: 6 CATEGORY: Celebrities POSTED ON: 6/1/2010 Public Domain
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Department of Medicine School of Medicine University of California San Francisco University of California, San Francisco Update in Interstitial Lung Disease: Effective Diagnosis and Management Sir Francis Drake Hotel San Francisco, CA April 5, 2008 COURSE CO-CHAIRS Harold R. Collard, MD Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine SATURDAY Jeffrey A. Golden, MD Professor of Clinical Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care y Medicine Update in Interstitial April 5, 2008 Sir Francis Drake Lung Disease: Hotel San Francisco, CA Effective Diagnosis and Management ACCREDITATION The University of OVERVIEW California, San Francisco Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) is a disease School of Medicine (UCSF) is accredited by category that encompasses dozens of the Accreditation Council pathobiologically distinct conditions, and it for Continuing Medical Education to provide poses substantial challenges to the practicing continuing medical pulmonologist. There is considerable confusion education for physicians. in the medical community regarding the diagnosis UCSF designates this educational activity for a and management of ILD. Further, it often takes a maximum of 7 AMA PRA year or longer, and several physicians, to arrive Category 1 Credit(s)TM. Physicians should only at the correct diagnosis, introducing significant claim credit commensurate delays in treatment. with the extent of their participation in the activity. This CME activity meets This conference is designed to provide clinicians the requirements under and other health care providers with a practical California Assembly Bill 1195, continuing approach to the diagnosis of ILD, an understanding education and cultural of the importance of accurate and timely diagnosis, and linguistic competency. and a treatment approach that is broad and Application for CME credit has been filed with the evidence-based. American Academy of Family Physicians. Determination of credit is pending. For the purpose of An attendee completing this course should be able to: E D U C AT I O N A L O B J E C T I V E S recertification, the American Nurses • Demonstrate knowledge of a systematic approach Credentialing Center to the diagnosis of ILD accepts AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM • Understand the proper use of key diagnostic issued by organizations procedures including high-resolution computed accredited by the ACCME. tomography scanning and surgical lung biopsy • Discuss the various factors important to prognosis in ILD. • Describe the role of lung transplantation in ILD, and the factors that affect candidacy and timing. • Develop a comprehensive approach to the management of ILD that includes both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapies. Update in Interstitial Lung Disea Effective Diagnosis and Management SATURDAY, APRIL 5, 2008 7:00-8:00 am Registration and Continental Breakfast 8:00-8:05 Introduction and Welcome Jeffrey A. Golden, MD 8:05-8:50 How I Approach the Diagnosis of ILD Talmadge E. King, Jr., MD 8:50-9:35 Practice, Practice, Practice: Harold R. Collard, MD Case Presentations in ILD Laura Koth, MD Nadia Tchao, MD 9:35-9:50 Panel Discussion: Challenges in the Harold R. Collard, MD Diagnosis of ILD Jeffrey A. Golden, MD Talmadge E. King, Jr., MD Laura Koth, MD Nadia Tchao, MD 9:50-10:05 Break 10:05-10:45 Predicting the Future: Natural History Harold R. Collard, MD and Survival in ILD 10:45-11:45 Lung Transplantation for ILD: Jeffrey A. Golden, MD The UCSF Experience Patient Testimonial 11:45-12:45 pm Lunch with Faculty 12:45-1:30 Drug Therapy for ILD: When and Laura Koth, MD How to Treat 1:30-2:15 Emerging Concepts in Paul J. Wolters, MD the Treatment of IPF 2:15-2:45 Management of Pulmonary Teresa De Marco, MD, FACC Hypertension in ILD 2:45-3:00 Break 3:00-3:30 Pulmonary Rehabilitation for ILD? Chris Garvey, FNP, MSN MPA, FAACVPR program 3:30-4:15 Patient Advocacy, Education and Sally McLaughlin, RN, MSN Support: How to Optimize your Patient Testimonial Management of Patients with ILD 4:15-4:30 Panel Discussion: Management Harold R. Collard, MD Dilemmas in ILD Teresa D. Marco, MD, FACC Chris Garvey, FNP, MSN, MPA, FAACVPR Laura Koth, MD Sally McLaughlin, RN, MSN Paul J. Wolters, MD 4:30-4:35 Closing Remarks Jeffrey A. Golden, MD ase: May 2-4, 2007 • Omni Hotel • San Francisco, California Sir Francis Drake Hotel • San Francisco, CA GENERAL INFORMATION CONFERENCE LOCATION (CONT.) Pre-registration is preferred to ensure that will be provided on a space-available basis only. registrants receive a syllabus and CME Certificate If you prefer to phone in your reservation, please at the course. identify yourself as a member of this conference to receive the special rate. HOW TO ENROLL Tuition*: $195 Practicing Physicians To make hotel reservations via telephone call $100 Nurses/Allied Health (800) 392-7755. If you prefer to email in your reser- Professionals/Residents/ vation, email at email@example.com, Trainees please identify yourself as a member of the UCSF Interstitial Lund Disease conference to receive the * On-site registration will be $55 additional. special rate. Payment may be made by Visa, MasterCard, AmEx or check. **Hotel Policies: Reservations must be cancelled at least 24 hours in advance or a one-night's REGISTER VIA: stay (and applicable taxes) will be charged. A Online: www.cme.ucsf.edu credit card number is required to confirm your Mail: Complete course registration form reservation. Check-in is 3:00 pm; Check-out is and send with payment to: 12:00 noon. Room rates are subject to all state UCSF Office of CME and local taxes (currently 14%, subject to change P.O. Box 45368 without notice). San Francisco, CA By staying at the host hotel, you help UCSF 94145-0368 meet its contractual obligations and keep Fax: Fax completed registration form to: registration fees reasonable. Please take (415) 502-1795 (be sure to include this into consideration when making your your credit card number) accommodation decisions. On-Site Registration: Generally we are able RENTAL CAR to accommodate on-site registration at Hertz is offering special rates for participants of our courses. To register by phone or to this conference; simply call 800/654-2240 and inquire about registration status, please refer to identification number 03BW0127 or call call UCSF's CME Registration Office your travel agent. You may also make reservations at (415) 476-5808. Please check our at www.Hertz.com. Advance reservations are website for up-to-date information on recommended. the course: www.cme.ucsf.edu AIR TRANSPORTATION REFUND POLICY Special arrangements have been made with Cancellations received in writing before the first Montgomery Travel. Simply call 800-391-2287 day of the course will be refunded, less a $75 or complete the form on the UCSF web page at administrative fee. No refunds will be made on www.montgomerytravel.com. In addition to cancellations received after that date. offering lower rates than published airfares, CONFERENCE LOCATION ticketed passengers may take advantage of Enjoy San Francisco's renowned attractions such the 24 hour emergency service. There is a as the historic cable cars, shopping in Union $35 service fee. Square, or visit San Francisco's culinary hub at UCSF OCME has negotiated special fares with the Ferry Building. American and United Airlines for our course attendees. You may use the following tour codes Sir Francis Drake Hotel is just steps from Union to book on your own: Square. A block of guestrooms has been reserved American 800-433-1790 code: 15266 at the special UCSF conference rate of $185. You are urged to make your reservations early. United 800-521-4041 code: 510CF The cut off date is March 5, 2008, or until the group room block is filled. After this date, rooms Update in Interstitial Lung Disease: MDM08B02 www.cme.ucsf.edu Effective Diagnosis and Treatment April 5, 2008 Sir Francis Drake Hotel • San Francisco, California Mail to : UCSF Office of CME Fax: (415) 502-1795 P.O. Box 45368 Phone: (415) 476-5808 San Francisco, CA 94145-0368 Online: www.cme.ucsf.edu Dr. Mr. Mrs. Ms. _________________________________________________________________ Last Name First M.I. _________________________________________________________________ Degree Specialty _________________________________________________________________ Address _________________________________________________________________ City State Zip _________________________________________________________________ Daytime Phone Fax _________________________________________________________________ Email _________________________________________________________________ Address Label Code Letter (see address label: example, A, B, C, D, etc.) Would you like to be on our priority email list? Yes No Would you like to be on our priority fax list? Yes No Date of birth to be used as OCME registrant number: ___ ___ /___ ___ / X X Month Day Please indicate if you have any special needs: Registration Fees* (receipt/Confirmation will be mailed within two to four weeks): $195 Practicing Physicians $100 Nurses/ Allied Health Professionals /Residents/Trainees *On-site registration will be $55 additional Make checks payable to UC Regents Please charge my credit card: Visa MasterCard AmEx for $ ________________ __________________________________________________|________/_______ Card # Expiration date ___________________________________|_______________________________ Name on Card (Please Print) Authorized Signature Refund Policy: Cancellations received in writing before the first day of the course will be refunded, COURSE REGISTRATION FORM less a $75 administrative fee. No refunds will be made on cancellations received after that date. Please check our website for up to date information on the course: www.cme.ucsf.edu. Sir Francis Drake Hotel 450 Powell St. San Francisco, CA 94102 (800) 795-7129 (415) 392-7755 www.sirfrancisdrake.com POSTAL INDICIA FPO Medical Education at (415) 476-4251 or emailing also reach us by calling the Office of Continuing For more information or to register online visit our website at www.cme.ucsf.edu. You may email@example.com. University of California, Critical Care Medicine UPCOMING COURSES San Francisco, CA UCSF Box 0742 San Francisco June 5-7, 2008 Fairmont Hotel San Francisco Office of CME and Trauma 94143-0742 COURSE CO-CHAIRS COURSE FACULTY COURSE FACULTY (UCSF) Harold R. Collard, MD (University of California, Laura Koth, MD San Francisco) Assistant Clinical Professor Assistant Professor of Medicine, Teresa De Marco, MD, FACC of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Professor of Clinical Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Surgery; Critical Care Medicine Director, Heart Failure and Sally McLaughlin, RN, MSN Jeffrey A. Golden, MD Pulmonary Hypertension; Advanced Lung Disease Nurse, Professor of Clinical Medicine, Medical Director, Heart UCSF Chest Faculty Practice Division of Pulmonary and Transplantation Critical Care Medicine Nadia Tchao, MD Chris Garvey FNP, MSN, MPA, Assistant Clinical Professor; FAACVPR Associate Director, Clinical Manager, Seton Pulmonary and Affairs UCSF Cardiac Rehabilitation; Immune Tolerance Network Nurse Practitioner, UCSF Sleep Disorders Paul J. Wolters, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine, Talmadge E. King, Jr., MD Division of Pulmonary and Professor and Chair, Department Critical Care Medicine of Medicine faculty
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Elusive Moon Studio is now based out of Salt Lake City, Utah.The studio n production side of the business was founded in Annapolis, Maryland. The owner is Amanda and Co-Owner also owner of Phantom Frames Production Studio is Dea Lane.Together we have studied art n art history also special effects make-up also theater.Our artworks will be updated more n more as this new year passes :) We hope you like the works ,also let us know what you think. Thank you for stopping by,Have a Great Afternoon :) Amanda is the very proud owner of Elusive Moon Studio.She has been building a huge collection of photography artworks.Amanda has been shooting photography since she was about 10 yrs old.She started out shooting with a old kodak point n shot with...
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The New Rukes
Expand Messages
- From: Bill Maher <http://www.hbo.com/billmaher/new_rules>
New Rule: You can't bum-rush the president for autographs after he
just lectured you for an hour about how you have to grow up. Have some
dignity, for Christ's sake. He's your co-worker, not Hannah Montana.
If you're this crazy about him now, what are you going to do when he
turns the country around? Ask him to sign your tit?
New Rule: One more victory lap, and then you really have to get back
to the cockpit. Captain Sullenberger has received standing ovations at
the Super Bowl, on talk shows and in Congress. Which is a lot of
praise for a guy who went up against a flock of geese and lost. This
is not our best crowd. You're right, P.J. Look, I'm all for landing
planes on rivers when they're about to go down, but enough. He landed
on water. He didn't walk on it. And the next time you want to claim
there were no casualties, ask these guys.
New Rule: Bacon, eggs and cheese between two waffles isn't a
breakfast, it's a suicide attempt. This is Dunkin' Donuts new "waffle
sandwich." You can wait in line for yours, or if you're in a hurry,
just snatch the pistol from the cop sitting at the counter and shoot
yourself in the head.
New Rule: We don't need a Broadway musical about Spider-Man. He lives
with his aunt, wears a body stocking and leads a secret double life.
He's gay enough already.
New Rule: To save time, trees and paint, let's change it so we just
put up signs in front of the houses that aren't for sale. And while
we're at it, I don't need to see the real estate lady's head shot on
the sign. I'm looking for bargains, not casting a MILF porno.
And finally, New Rule: If your phone can fart, you're part of the
problem. It was reported this week that one item that's doing well in
our bad economy is downloadable, simulated fart noises for your
iPhone. So much so that the makers of "Pull My Finger" iPhone
application have threatened to sue their competitor, the iFart (wish I
were kidding).
You know, there's a line in "Lawrence of Arabia," where Lawrence tells
the Bedouin leader that his people, the Arabs, are in danger of always
being seen as "a little people, a silly people." Which brings me to
the Snuggie.
This is the Snuggie. It's a blanket with sleeves. Oh, let's call it
what it really is: a full-length bib. And we, the Americans now, are
in danger of becoming "a silly people." A people who couldn't control
their greed or self-indulgence. Which is why every man, woman and
child in America now owes China $6,000. Imagine owing that to a
bookie? On the other hand, this is so cozy.
And, look, my arms are free! So the Chinese can break them.
Believe me, if the Chinese get a look at us in our Snuggies, and they
will make the f@#in' things, I'm sure. They're going to decide, "We
can't buy any more treasury bills from these people; they're wearing
blankets with sleeves!" "Of course they're not going to pay us back!"
This is 'snuggie.' Now, in his speech before Congress on Tuesday, the
president pointed out that we're addicted to oil, can't afford health
care, our education system is broken, our economy is near collapse,
and the day of reckoning has arrived. But, many members of Congress
didn't hear all that, because during the speech, they were
"Twittering." Which is when you type out little messages on your hand-
held device to tell everyone what you're doing right now! Like, "I'm
displaying the very self-absorption that will destroy us all!"
What must Obama have thought as he looked upon this? Hey, "Senator
Gossip Girl," I'm up here. You know, Nero fiddled while Rome burned,
but at least he knew how to play an instrument. Folks, this is not a
drill. This is the real thing. Our "booze cruise" has hit the iceberg.
And I don't want it to sink. We all need to get involved and learn how
to do things and make things again. This is the moment where we must
steel our resolve, reach through our blanket screens, grab our farting
phone and send off a mighty Twitter saying, "Yes, we can!!" (Bill Maher)
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Posted on June 18, 2015
Chinon: A Perfect Loire Town Complete with Castle
The Loire Valley is full of magnificent towns, and hundreds of vineyards strung along the sides of its rivers, the Loire, Cher and Vienne. We asked the folks who promote wine travel here to tell us what they thought was the most beautiful town to represent the region in the 'Small Towns, Big Wines' campaign and they answered, "Chinon." I couldn't wait to get to see their selected town and when I got there, I quickly saw why it was chosen.
It starts with a castle–a fortress, really, and this one in Chinon goes back to the Middle Ages. Many of the castles here are not as old, but the well-preserved Fortress that sits atop a high bluff is King Arthur era all the way. It's perched up high, and down below, the blue Vienne river runs along the town. Inside the Chateau de Chinon there are videos that play the story of what happened here throughout the many rooms you see in the visit. Chinon has caught the world's eye, in 2000, it was annointed as a UNESCO World Heritage site.
On a brilliant sunny morning, we walked through the castle and onto the green lawns that surround the big fortress, looking out to the vast expanse of green vineyards, the lush river valley, and just below the cliff, the preserved ancient village, where the rooftops all still look like the Middle ages and the beginning of the Renaissance. No telephone wires, no ugly billboards, just the monochrome of how things used to look before modern day.
We took a lift down 75 feet from the castle to the village and strolled until we got to the town square. People were happily sitting at the cafes, sipping coffees and taking in the sun. Today about 8000 people are lucky enough to call Chinon home. There is a lovely bridge across the Vienne with graceful arches that reminded me of Chenonceau.
I'm not sure what it is exactly but Chinon is simply one of most perfect towns in France and there is no doubt the folks who chose it got it right!
Posted on June 17, 2015
A Day and Night in Paris In Pictures
Posted on June 16, 2015
At Le Foodist in Paris, New Techniques Make Cooking More Fun
Where better to learn new cooking techniques than in Paris?
Yesterday I learned quite a few new tricks when I spent the better part of a whole day cooking an elaborate meal with chef Fred Poulliot, at Le Foodist, a cooking school in Paris' left bank. There were quite a few of us—two families with five children among them, Doug, a retired accountant, Natalya, a young woman from Puerto Rico and me. Before i arrived they had made a trip to Fred's favorite local market to pick up provisions and get shopping tips from the pro. Bags in hand, I met them as they returned, and we began our cooking adventure by queuing in line to wash our hands and don disposable plastic aprons.
Properly attired, we wasted no time as Fred divided us up into teams and set up our stations. Le Foodist's location at 59 Rue Cardinal is in a two story location that once was a restaurant. So the big gas stove and the many steel-topped workspaces were ready to be occupied by students and not full blown sous chefs. Doug and i would be peeling potatoes, but the spuds weren't familiar.
Fred explained that these were a variety of potato grown near Paris, they had the very light skins of a Yukon but they had a size in between fingerlings and baking potatoes. It wasn't long before we had filled up a container with the spuds, which Fred took and began boiling on the stove.
Along with the massive gas stove you would expect to find in a restaurant kitchen, however, Fred relied much of time on a small single burner induction burner. "This is really the future of cooking," he said. "You have way, way more control over the heat, and it takes seconds to go from cold to a full rolling boil. I predict that in the future, all restaurant chefs will be using these." While I'm not sure I am ready to ditch my dreams of a professional chef's gas stove, he might have something there.
Among other ideas I got from the class was using deep steel cookie molds to form salmon into delightful little rounds. They go perfectly atop the pre-cooked turnips, which he prepared with soy sauce and sugar and then washed off. It turns them into savory disks that can be paired with lots of good things.
Fred also showed how portion out butter, sugar and other ingredients using a scale–so if it calls for 4% sugar, you use the scale to measure the weight of the sugar so it will work for whatever quantity you want. The small scales he used would come in handy in any home kitchen too. Le Foodist, 59 rue Cardinal Lemoine 75005 Paris 33 (0)6 62 74 32 98
Posted on June 15, 2015
In Paris, It's the Four Seasons George V, Or Nothing
To some travelers, spending 1700 euros on a night is pocket change. For them, there is only one choice in the City of LIght–The Four Seasons George V Paris, on the swanky Champs Elysees. The bloggers on our trip met for the first time in this over the top luxurious property for a very elegant lunch. As we sat in their flower-bedecked garden, over across from us was a famous basketball player named Michael Jordan, sort of incognito in a Nike bucket hat and sunglasses. Only a few fans came up, because at George V, you don't have to deal with that sort of thing.
Everything at the V is accented with flowers. We learned about their unlimited flower budget from the very charming and beautiful Helene Avril, their PR manager, who joined us for lunch. That means there are so many flowers you might think you're at a mafia funeral, but they are just so plentiful it's hilarious–and very pretty. We had a sumptuous lunch, four beautiful perfect courses, with foam draped fish, perfectly arranged egg and caviar, fruit and then chocolate dessert.
But Helene had a surprise for us–we were taken downstairs to the restaurant's massive wine cellar, where more than 50,000 bottles await. First we snaked through the corridors to the kitchen, passing a bulletin board where employees children were pictured, then past the man in charge of making thousands of croissants each day, to the locked vault, "Le Cave," and down a long curvy stairway.
What I wanted to see, of course, I found–Romanee Conti which is the most expensive wine made in France. Yep, they had plenty of that. Helene also showed us the empty bottles of Petrus that a certain South American gentleman frequently orders. It's all another day in the life of the most fabulous hotel in Paris. Four Seasons George V Paris: If you can manage to reserve a room (they're almost always sold out) it's the ultimate splurge.
Posted on June 14, 2015
An Army of Bloggers Fans Out to Cover France's Best Wine Regions
Today I set out on a mission, I"m part of a team of American bloggers who are fanning out all over France's wine regions to share their photos, videos, blogs and experiences. The people who promote these areas chose an interesting range of writers and photographers.
One of them is photo superstar Vivien Gucwa who has a new book out about NYC and is a Sony ambassador who told me her incredible story of walking around NYC and seeing cool things and then just picking up a cheap camera to document it. The NY Times took notice, and her social media following blew up, so now she's got 51K followers on Instagram and 1.5M on Google plus. Oh, and 411K followers on her Facebook business page, linked above. Every time she posts to Instagram there are hundreds of comments…the stuff social media mavens dream of. She is pretty casual about it all, and humble.
These are the kinds of numbers that make brands go crazy, so she's shooting for Donna Karan and Coach, and she's got Sony sending her out on paid gigs and shipping her every lens and camera they build to test out. I admire her modesty after such online fame!
I am joining Vivienne along with six others as France's wine ambassadors and will be touring the Loire Valley of France. The other wine ambassadors will be touring other beautiful wine regions of France, including Rhone Alps, Midi-Pyrenees, Bordeaux, Champagne and Cognac.
France Wine Travels is where the posts that we write are all collected in real time. It's pretty neat to see how diverse the group is and to see posts pop up all day and all night as we write them. You can even use the link above to enter to win your own dream trip of a lifetime for nine nights touring wine regions of France.
Over the past three days and two nights, we also all collaborated on another site, called 24 Hours in Paris where we shared many different day trip experiences in the same live tweet way. So much fun!
Posted on June 13, 2015
Getting to Know Paris by Having Dinner at Home
The best way to get to know people is over a meal–and it's even better when you're dining in someone's home, not in a restaurant. That's what VizEat is all about.
Last night I joined a group of six travel writers at a dinner with Christiane and Renaud Lestage in their large duplex apartment in the 16th arrondissement. We walked down the busy Champs Elysees to the Metro and got out in a quiet neighborhood full of artists studios. Renaud took me to the window where they had herbs growing in a tray on the sill. "The one thing an artist's studio needs is north facing windows," he said. "Otherwise the sun is too strong and then can't see what they are painting."
This was the first time Christiane, who is a food blogger, and Renaud, who is retired from the French oil company Total, have ever had people join them with VizEat, a Paris based website that organizes these in-home dinners, matching up travelers with hosts who want to cook for guests. It's a wonderful opportunity to socialize–our big meal cost just 30 euros per person plus tip–and the wines flowed as easily as the conversation.
VizEat has more than 300 hosts in Paris and is operating in 50 countries! Each participant is vetted by the staff, who visit their homes and who also provide the photos that are used on the VizEat site to attract travelers to dine with them. The site has English, Spanish, French and Italian language versions, and this summer they'll add German.


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- Illustrations note: 15 figures, 2 tables
Product description
Trying to eradicate terrorism is a quixotic quest that does not focus on those responsible for 9/11. Charles Pena argues that America's national security strategy should consist of three central elements: establishing homeland security against further attacks; dismantling the al Qaeda terrorist network; and, enacting a foreign policy that does not attract new al Qaeda terrorists. If we misdiagnose al Qaeda's motivations or focus military efforts on the wrong targets, then we run the risk that the war against al Qaeda will become a broader war against the Islamic world that could last generations. This book includes a foreword by Michael Scheuer, the bestselling author of "Imperial Hubris".
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Author information
Charles Pena is a senior fellow with the Independent Institute, the Coalition for a Realistic Foreign Policy, and the George Washington University Homeland Security Policy Institute. He is also an adviser on the Straus Military Reform Project and the former director of defense policy studies at the Cato Institute. Pena is the coauthor of Exiting Iraq: Why the U.S. Must End the Military Occupation and Renew the War Against Al Qaeda. He lives in Arlington, Virginia.
Review quote
"Not only does Charles PeNa understand the nature of modern Islamic terrorism--and the threat that it poses--but he understands how to tackle it. His argument is lucid, intelligent, and necessary."--Jason Burke, chief reporter for the "London Observer" and author of "Al Qaeda: Casting a Shadow of Terror" and "Al Qaeda: The True Story of Radical Islam"--Jason Burke


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New Exhibit Opens at Johnny Cash Museum
One of the most iconic instruments in country music history will be on display at the Johnny Cash Museum in Nashville.
One of the most iconic instruments in country music history will be on display at the Johnny Cash Museum in Nashville.
Every year, fans anxiously await the announcement of the Super Bowl halftime performer ... could that person be country superstar Carrie Underwood in 2015?
Bozeman's Stephanie Quayle is debuting her new 'Sugar High' video today. It's making its world premier on CMT.com
Kenny Chesney is planning a 'Big Revival,' teasing fans one piece at a time. The singer has released the track listing for the forthcoming new album from Columbia Records.
Friend of the Show, Stephanie Quayle, who hails from right here in Bozeman, Montana, shared some good news with her fans today! Stephanie's song, Sugar High, will be featured on CMT.com this coming Wednesday.
Sammy Kershaw is back on the charts, this time with his George Jones tribute album, 'Do You Know Me? A Tribute to George Jones.' The record debuted at No. 37 on the Billboard Top Country chart, making it his first Top 40 album in over a decade.
Luke Bryan had an early wakeup call on Friday (Aug. 8)! The singer crashed New York City's Central Park to play several of his biggest hits for the 'Good Morning America' Summer Concert Series.
Tim McGraw received a swarm of media attention for an incident involving a fan who got a little too close at his Atlanta concert recently. Thankfully, the matter has since been settled -- outside of court.
Check out the new show our friend, Stephanie Quayle, is doing. It's called 'For the Record with Stephanie Quayle and the show is described on her YouTube page as:
After using Twitter to leak samples of his new album to fans (against his record label's wishes), Brad Paisley and his label are announcing the album's track listing and release date.
Tim McGraw may be facing legal troubles after he swatted a woman who reached out and ripped his jeans during a show in Atlanta.


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Teen Costumes » Greek & Roman Costumes
be nice to strangers... you never know whether or not it' s a God in disguise
When you say the words "Greek" or Roman," you think of legends, myths, and history. These times bring about images of fantasy and grandeur. As a teen Greek goddess at your next Halloween party, you have no equal. Come as Medusa, Athena, Aphrodite, or any of the others. There are also other Greek Halloween teen costumes to choose from. Come as a gladiator or centurion, ready to defend your home and conquer territory.
Featured in this category: Teen Greek Goddes Costume, Ceasar Roman Costume & Goddes Costumes
"Thank you. I received my package Saturday morning. Everything was in good order and the costumes are great. We will enjoy wearing them. Thanks again"
Montez Sattman - Spring Grove, PA
See all our Customer Testimonials and how to record your own!


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Sweetwater Dank Tank 17th Anniversary Ale
RATINGS: 39 MEAN: 3.41/5.0 WEIGHTED AVG: 3.32 SEASONAL: Special IBU: 49 EST. CALORIES: 270 ABV: 9%
This years anni ale has everything in it but the pitch fork and a bale of hay. With over two months of fermentation and cellaring time, this saison plows the field as it harvests spicy farmhouse overtones from its primary Fraunch saison yeast. That funky monkey delivers a strapping alc 9 % by vol, seeding a perfect foundation for secondary Brettanomyces fermentation, which hoes a cornucopia of tart and effervescent flavors. Distinct citrus notes from the finishing hops cultivate a naturally freaky fresh palate tweaker.
Heres to the next 17 trips around that burning ball in the sky!
Grains: 63% 2 Row, 12% Rye, 11% Wheat, 6% Munich, 4% 13/17, 3% Melanoidin
Hops: Galena, Saaz, Centennial, Amarillo
Yeast: French Saison, Secondary Fermentation with Brettanomyces Bruxellensis
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