text: Taking Our Vitamins and Minerality Evan Dawson October 7, 2009 Evan Dawson, FCG, Food & Conversation 30 Comments How Eliminating One Simple Word Can Make the World of Wine a Saner Place Photo courtesy Morgan Dawson Photography Minerality. It is one of the most commonly used words to describe both red and white wine, and yet it remains one of the most confusing. Consumers new to wine often laugh quizzically when a critic or tasting room pourer describes a wine as displaying "minerality." Merriam-Webster doesn't even recognize it as a word—and they're not exactly keeping the door locked on the English language, having recently added "agritourism," "fanboy" and "soul patch." So what, exactly, is meant when someone claims a wine's aroma offers "minerality?" Nothing. Seriously—technically, it means nothing. That's because minerals—rocks, such as limestone and schist—are not volatile. They don't themselves emit aromas. "Our olfactory system is designed to detect volatile compounds," explains Cornell enology professor Gavin Sacks. "Therefore, if we claim that a river rock has a smell, we are almost certainly smelling something volatile formed by contact of the rock surface with water—say, the remnants of decomposing algae." Despite the colorful motto of wrestling champ Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson, you cannot actually "smell what The Rock is cooking." When we smell a rock, we must be smelling something else. Even if this fact is known in the hallowed halls of Cornell or UC Davis, wine writers must have missed the memo. When it comes to describing a wine's aromatics, minerality not only remains part of the wine lexicon, it's thriving like never before. A simple Google search shows the term used by writers and bloggers around the world, from wine critic Jancis Robinson to Kori Voorhees of Wine Peeps, from Wine Enthusiast's Steve Heimoff to—ahem—even me. And it was used recently by one of the world's most respected and influential wine critics, Wine Spectator's Jim Laube. After tasting the 1961 Chateau Haut-Brion, Laube attempted to describe for his readers the wondrous nose of this legendary bottle. He didn't use only one instance of the confusing descriptor—he actually doubled down (emphasis mine): "The aromas were sublime, with mineral, pebble, tobacco, dried currant and a loamy, earthy herbal edge that evolved into the cedar smell of a cigar box." I wrote Laube asking what he meant, here. At the very least, I'd have posited that "pebble" was a subset of "mineral," and so wouldn't expect to see both terms hanging together on the same street corner. Laube wrote back his reply: "I associate the pebble (or crushed rock) scent/taste with a pile of pebbles (or stones), and I often find it when I walk on a dry riverbed. White pea gravel for me also combines that "pebble" with minerality. There is also for me a wet pebble or stone scent that comes when they get wet. I keep a rock from Haut Brion in my office, a memento from hiking through the vineyard, which is deep gravel soil, and that character comes through in this wine, the perfect definition of terroir." I don't begrudge Laube his enological pet rock. But here the terms "pebble" and "mineral" only serve to confuse the issue. After all, how many readers might have hiked the same dry riverbeds as Laube? And how many keep a rock from Haut-Brion on their desk for reference? Photo courtesy of Francine Vernez Each person's understanding of minerality comprises a range of unique experiences. For me, the term doesn't conjure dry riverbeds at all, but rather the rushing Chautauqua Gorge in western New York where I spent my summers as a child. The chilly water passing over slate and stone offered up smells that left their imprint on my memory. There's no way now to know what caused these smells, but when I think "minerality," these imprinted olefactory memories come rushing back. I suspect this is why, despite the imprecision of the term minerality, I and many other writers stubbornly adhere to it—not because we're lazy, but because we want to capture and convey the sense of a vivid memory. Here's another wrinkle: though minerals in wine don't give off aromas, they can impart flavor. But the flavors they offer are so many and varied that, again, using a single catch-all term like minerality can cloud rather than clarify the meaning. In the Rhône Valley, residents might associate minerality with the taste of iron. On Long Island, they might think of saline. Other tasters use the term simply to refer to a wine's vibrant acidity. "Considering the diversity in usage, I think 'minerality' is being used to describe several sensory attributes, not just one," says Cornell's Professor Sacks. "There appears to be inconsistency among wine professionals about when the term 'minerality' is applicable, especially in comparison to terms like 'jammy,' 'smoky,' and 'tropical fruit.' Hopefully, future work at Cornell or elsewhere can start to make sense of this term." Confused yet? Me too. As the Finger Lakes editor for the New York Cork Report, I would be handicapping myself mightily if I were to abandon this term. That's because, again, these wines awaken my sensory memories of river rock and gorge water. And Finger Lakes Riesling is often positively crackling with miner—excuse me, with vibrant acidity. The 2006 Ravines Dry Riesling, for example, tastes to me like wrapping a river rock in a lime peel and taking a bite. See, isn't that more effective than saying it offers "minerality?" Here's my proposal: when wine drinkers encounter this term, they should ask for more detail. And wine writers should take the bold step of ditching the term from their wine vocabulary. I'll be the first writer to take this pledge. It won't be easy, but this way, we will all enjoy sharper descriptions of both aroma and flavor. If a wine smells like crushed rock, or saline, or lime peel, or if it makes you think of summers at the gorge, that evocation will convey far more meaning for the reader than a vague catch-all ever could. — Evan Dawson is the Finger Lakes Editor for the New York Cork Report and is completing a book about Finger Lakes winemakers. His paid job includes offering his best Ron Burgundy impersonation as a morning news anchor and political reporter for WHAM-TV in Rochester, NY. http://silenescellar.blogspot.com/ Richard Perhaps a stone, by itself, just hanging, not bothering anyone, is not volatile. Give it some energy, smash it to powder, dump a load of pebbles from a truck to the ground; then maybe it is volatile. I don't know what credentials this Professor Sacks has, and I don't really care. I have smelled what is considered to be 'minerality' and I and other wine folks in the trade use it. So what? Ever play that game animal vegetable mineral? Minerals are what aren't furry, meaty, herbaceous, fruity or floral. I consider it just as informative as 'Smoky' or 'Jammy'. In a sense, it works, but it lacks specific information. What kind of smoke? Hickory? Pine? Sure, I agree that the more descriptive you can be regarding aromas the better you can communicate your experience. But to just pick on minerality? Another non-issue. Heh, so why am I wasting my time commenting? I have another 5 yards of crushed bluestone to spread. ned I have never thought of minerality as an aroma or aroma component but as part of the palate. Like sloshing grape juice around in your mounth if it was also filled with pebbles… http://www.newyorkcorkreport.com Evan Dawson Richard – I can tell you that Professor Sacks is one of the most highly respected professors on this subject in New York state, and he's doing some outstanding work when it comes to wine. He is not an absolutist; he's interested in gaining more and better information. That benefits all of us. When it comes to crushing or dumping rocks, I wonder: Do you think your readers assume you're talking about crushed or dumped rocks when you describe a wine's aromatics as showing minerality? I understand the impulse to use it, because for me the word is entirely precise. I have to remind myself that it is also precise for other people — only in very different ways, hence the problem. Cheers and thanks for taking the time to add your thoughts. http://www.newyorkcorkreport.com Evan Dawson Ned – I love your description. That mouthfeel is a kind of classic mineral description. Mike K. Thanks for a fascinating post. I personally have only used the term in conjunction with white wines, esp. Reisling & Loire whites. However, your description below sounds more like what I call "stream bed" when it's pleasing, and "pond scum, algae" when it's not: "the term doesn't conjure dry riverbeds at all, but rather the rushing Chautauqua Gorge in western New York where I spent my summers as a child. The chilly water passing over slate and stone offered up smells that left their imprint on my memory" The wet stone/algae aroma, is that really what everyone meant by minerality? If so, then I'm all for striking it from my lingo. I had been thinking more in terms of the "crushed gravel" idea. I had been under the impression that the wet stone/algae aromas were caused by some mercaptan. I don't actually know. But like Brett.and other flaws,there seem to be different levels of tolerance for it. http://undertakingwine.com/ Michael Gorton, Jr. Evan, Great article. You are one of my favorite writers because I can imagine and visually see what you are saying. I love how you draw pictures with your words. In my opinion, using the term Minerality, it makes the drinker more digestible. "Wrapping a river rock with a lime peel and taking a bite", is spot on, but might be a challenge in a tasting room setting or listing on a wine label. So here is my pledge, a pledge I offered on Twitter, as a newbie wine blogger, I promise to further explain my word of minerality. I will even take it a step further, I will attempt to explain jammy, smoky,and tropical fruit when I use those words to describe a wine I am drinking. I am on your side! Cheers! http://www.alfonsocevola.com Alfonso I'll sign the pledge. ever since Karen MacNeil explained, ever so thoroughly, that it wasn't a real word, but more importantly, that it was meaningless, I have shunned it from my world. I too, cringe, whenever I hear someone say it. I wish they would elucidate further. Thanks, interesting post and one which I will most likely forward to many folks http://www.newyorkcorkreport.com Lenn Thompson Evan, you and I have talked about this extensively already so you know I'm with you on one key point here — wine writers can and should do better. Richard, your reaction is one that I'd expect from a lot of bloggers and writers. Using "minerally" or "minerality" is the easy ADD-society way of describing those non-fruit/flower/oak components. I've done it myself and still may slip into it if I'm talking about wines quickly, depending on my audience. And you know what? I'd use it if I couldn't pinpoint the 'type of minerality' I picked up. I use smoky, as you mention, but if I can, I go further. I've used "resiny smoke" (which I guess would be akin to pine) and "mesquite smoke" before. When we CAN be more precise, we should be, no? Next up, we need to talk about "earthy" which in many ways is the red wine equivalent to "minerally" in whites. Does earthy mean actual dirt? If so, dry or wet? Clay or rich topsoil? Dried leaves? Iron ore? Metallic? Again, I use earthy a lot, but when I CAN go further and describe it more precisely I do. http://www.newyorkcorkreport.com Evan Dawson Mike K – Stream bed is very close to how I think of minerality in many Finger Lakes rieslings, for example. Until recently I had never considered "crushed rock" at all when it comes to minerality in wine. I certainly will keep it in mind now. http://www.newyorkcorkreport.com Evan Dawson Michael Gorton – I think your idea is a good one. I have no problem at all if I see the word "minerality" describing a wine, as long as it's followed by more detail. There is, after all, minerality in many wines. I dig the enthusiasm on your Undertaking Wine blog. Cheers. http://www.newyorkcorkreport.com Lenn Thompson I always wonder, what does 'crushed rock' smell like? I've never been around just-crushed rock. http://www.newyorkcorkreport.com Evan Dawson Lenn – To me, crushed rock conjures more tactile than aromatic ideas. Dusty. Like you, I haven't hung around the gravel yards much. Perhaps earthy is the next frontier, though I have to believe it's more specifically dirt-based. It's a matter of what kind of dirt, right? Golf divot. Loam. I'd say the Clos Roche Blanche Cot is a wine I'd call an "earth bomb." Is that term trademarked? Cause I'd like to claim credit. http://www.newyorkcorkreport.com Evan Dawson Alfonso – Great to hear from you… Your blog is one I consulted before my wife and I went to Tuscany last year. Cheers for that. I am unfamiliar with Karen MacNeil, and I am firing up the google to search for her! http://www.winesooth.com Arthur Calcium receptors were said to recently have been identified. I don't recall if they are on the tongue or, like capsaicin "detectors", may be found in the non-gustatory epithelium of the mouth. So it stands to reason that the mineral (perhaps metallic, which is where I would place 'iron') *flavors* are 1) real and thus detectable and 2) quite distinct from a briny, salty character, or savory (meaty, soy) or sour. As for aromas of mineral, your thesis is strong and I am inclined to agree with you. However, dirt, loam etc are not volatile either and in the case of them being dry, one can detect some olfactory character (though it just may be a tactile sensation of the dust settling in the nose). Having "worked" in agriculture on my grandfather's farm and in my father's construction business when growing up, I am a bit torn because there were times when I could smell aromas, very clearly and commonly associated with the dirt and the rocks. Finally, it has been my observation that wines which smell of minerals *tend to* either have a strong underripe granny smith apple character (malic acid?) or – after deeper examination- a note of banana (Amyl or isoamyl acetate, which has been attributed to some yeast strains). It may be that the interplay of several aromatic compounds gives the illusion of "mineral" aromas. Then again, there may be such receptors…. http://silenescellar.blogspot.com/ Richard Evan – First and foremost I would like to apologize for the snarky tone of my first comment. There was no need for me to take offense from your article. It was late and I was deep in my cups. I do disagree with Sacks and you regarding minerals and whether or not the human olfactory system can detect any aroma from them. Not my field, but, I can say that I have smelled the following: salt, chalk, limestone, granite, bluestone, phosphorous to name a few. All would fall under the umbrella of minerals I believe. These aromas are not strong, and maybe it is not the thing itself that I smell, but something interacting with it. Even though all these things have a smell to me, when tasting a wine, I may not be able to pinpoint an exact item. In that case I have and will use minerals or minerality as a descriptor. I do agree with the sentiment; we should be as descriptive as possible when conveying our impressions, and i think that applies to all things in life. It just isn't always possible. Good article. Thought provoking. Cheers. Lenn – As I state above, yes, we should be more precise. When we are able to. There are so many descriptors that leave much to the imagination. Minerals, earthy(as you state), floral, tropical fruits and even oaky falls a bit short. Some times the person describing the wine doesn't have the experience or the vocabulary to convey a very detailed description. Someone may know quite a bit about wine, but couldn't tell you when they use the word floral whether or not it is a Lilly or a Paeony or a Lilac, for example. Yes we should be as precise as we can, but the generic descriptor generally works when we can't. Crushed rock/stone smells like, um, crushed rock/stone. It is not easy to describe. What does a Lilac smell like. A Lilac. I know I am being a bit obtuse here, but some things have unique aromas, and you just have to go out and smell them. http://wineconnoisseur101.blogspot.com Constance Hi Evan- Your article is very interesting. I never really thought too much about the fact that I can't exactly describe what I think minerality is. However, for me, there are quite a few smells like that. Until recently, I had no idea what the aroma or taste of lychee was, but when tasting wines, I trained myself to understand what it was when I tasted it (if that makes sense.) I rarely, if ever, use the term minerality with red wines, though I have seen that in the past. However, I think there is a specific taste that does go along with minerality. Like Ned, I'm not sure I would use it to describe a bouquet, but rather only a taste. I think your article also hints upon the debate over the influence of terroir — minerality is a way of enhancing the soil does play a role in the grape's taste profile… I do have to say, however, that I do believe "minerality" has a specific smell. Perhaps it's only when rocks get wet, but to me minerality means crisp, clean, stony… mineral waterey, though I'm not sure how I'd describe the taste of that either… http://ithacork.wordpress.com Tom Mansell What's interesting to me here is how we started using the term in the first place. I think it shows the tremendous influence that reading other people's tasting notes has on composing one's own. "Mineral is a word that wine writers use, so that must be what I'm getting in the glass." I doubt that someone with no contextual wine experience would come up with such an obtuse descriptor for any wine. Unfortunately, nobody gains experience in wine by simply sniffing and tasting on their own, so it follows that an odd vocabulary springs up among wine aficionados (compare to crossword fanatics, who know the words ERSE, ARIL, OLIO, etc. solely because they appear in crosswords). Some of these words, while odd, convey a specific meaning (e.g., flabby, meaning low in acid), while others do not ("a focused beam"?). It's an interesting study for a cognitive scientist, actually. Calling Steven Pinker! http://www.newyorkcorkreport.com Evan Dawson Arthur – Fascinating stuff, thanks. I have no doubt that minerals have taste. After all, who doesn't remember that classic Saturday Night Live fake commercial for Quarry cereal? "Better tastin' cause it's mined!" As I relate in the piece, I can understand exactly why we associate "minerality" with aromatics. Finger Lakes riesling so often transports me back to that gorge, and so what am I smelling? It's the rocks! Of course, it's not the rocks, it's the interaction of those natural elements, but I so badly want to think it's the rocks. I mean, decomposing algae is far less romantic. http://www.newyorkcorkreport.com Evan Dawson Richard – No worries. I think your explanation that when a wine provokes a sense of minerality without offering more specifics for the taster, the term fits. That's probably right. It's important for me to state and re-state that I don't claim that minerality doesn't exist in wine. I understand very well why you'll use it. http://www.newyorkcorkreport.com Evan Dawson Constance – Your perception of minerality matches mine almost exactly. And yet I heard from a wine writer last night who said that when he uses the term "minerality," he often thinks of salt water. I certainly don't! When I was in Montalcino the locals told me that "minerality" simply means something like "earthy" to them. So your point about minerality and terroir seems to have merit. In one region, "minerality" might convey one thing, and something entirely different in another region. Makes sense to me. http://www.obsessionwithfood.com Derrick Schneider Jamie Goode has a section on minerality in his Science of Wine. It might be worth looking at for extra insight. He arrives at the same concept — it's an ambiguous term — but he gets some scientist quotes about (I think) sulfur compounds and the like ("minerality is the absence of fruit," says one of his quotees. http://www.waterintowino.com Bryan Great post! I do think that you and others that agree with you should just back off and let us wine drinkers have our "go to" words to describe wine. If we don't have words like minerality to throw around, then just anyone with a good nose could do what we do. Can't we preserve certain wine terms that separate us from the civilians? http://www.newyorkcorkreport.com Evan Dawson I hope you'll check out the follow-up comments from Professor Gavin Sacks, whom I quoted in the piece. He sent me the following via email today. >>>> There seem to be two issues here, yet again. One is: "Can crushed or wetted stones evoke a sensory response"? The answer is yes. Inorganic minerals cannot be detected by the olfactory receptors directly, at least not at any concentration that one would observe upon crushing them. However, aerosolized minerals could cause a trigeminal, irritant response (think: chalk), or other trace levels of odorants in the rocks could be released. Or, trace metals could catalyze lipid oxidation in the nose, resulting in "metallic" aromas. I think the former reason may be why some wines high in SO2 get called "mineral". Regardless, this is an interesting question to explore. The other question is whether minerality is being used consistently among wine professionals, either intra- or inter-taster. As a result, using minerality as a tasting term does not always communicate as much information as other commonly used terms. I think this is the more important point, and you made a good decision to focus on this in your post. One other point of order: it may be worth clarifying semantic issues, which is pretty much the only thing chemists are good for. "Minerals" are inorganic, naturally occurring crystalline solids with well defined chemical structures. Minerals have no measurable vapor pressure under normal conditions, and even if a few stray molecules from a mineral got into your nose, its rather unlikely that they could pass through the mucosa layer protecting the olfactory receptors. However, its not impossible that aerosolized minerals (i.e. "dust") causes an irritant response, or that they catalyze formation of "metallic" aroma compounds in the nose. On the other hand, "rocks" are composites of different minerals, are not well defined chemically, and may contain low concentrations of organic matter. If we're talking about shalestone, slate, limestone, etc.., we're talking about "rocks", in which case there's no reason that we couldn't be smelling the aforementioned organic content that gets released about wetting or crushing, and this doesn't include the organic matter that has set up home on the rocks. And therein lies the problem: if we're talking about organic matter in/on rocks, then we've got a pretty poorly defined system. http://www.heronhill.com Kitty Oliver As far as the word minerality is concerned – we do use it in our tasting notes, but I will request that the winemaker elaborates on that term from now on. When I think of minerality, used in describing wine, I have three variations. When we started building our house last year, step one was digging the foundation into a small hillslope. We quickly found out that the spot where we wanted to build was solid bedrock, so we brought in a 22 ton machine to perform this task. It was 4 solid (long) days of digging, breaking and crushing rock. The smell of wet, crushed stone, 15 feet down into the earth is the smell of an old vines Riesling. As you know, the Finger Lakes are ripe with gullies, creekbeds and gorges. Bluff Point on Keuka is steep, laden with gully after gully. I hike these in the fall and winter, it's a workout because most are straight up and down. When it's below freezing, you can still wear a t-shirt so that you don't sweat through your clothes. When it's damp and the water is running down towards the lake, it's a refeshing scent, more of a wet slate, light. This is the smell of Pinot Gris. Desert hiking is something I've done in Arizona's Pima County, California's Mojave Dessert, Death Valley and Sierra Nevadas, and Colorado along the Grand Canyon. It's dusty, sandy, sometimes mossy smelling in the spots that are perpetually shady. The rocks are not shifted as often as they are around here, the constant rain is always transforming the gullies here. There is also a tremendous temperature difference in the high and low desserts. This powdery, mossy undertoned, dry and earthy conotation is remnicent of a Pinot Noir. I also collect rocks and fossils like Laube – from everywhere I've been. These souvineers often call up memories – and help me with my own personal wine descriptions. http://corkscrewpointe.com GianniWine Great article: All the comments are nice to read, for myself when I describe a wine as being mineraly I'm searching for a flavor descriptor that helps me sell the wine..I used to use "tastes like sucking on a wet rock" -I will search for a better term..thanks http://www.newyorkcorkreport.com Evan Dawson Gianni – On the contrary, I'd say you have it nailed. When I'm told that something tastes like sucking on a wet rock, that's very vivid. It's much more instructive than "tastes like minerality." http://www.newyorkcorkreport.com Evan Dawson Kitty didn't mention her winery – Heron Hill in the Finger Lakes. I love those descriptions, Kitty. Very cool stuff. http://www.examiner.com/x-24417-Seattle-Wine-Shopping-Examiner Ashlynkat There are so many wine descriptors that can be drilled down and declared ambiguous-earthy and smokey being two already mentioned. The highly personal and subjective nature of taste means that different terms conjure up different meanings to different people. That's just the way it is and I don't think there is any reason to "cringe" when someone uses a catch-all term instead of being more precise. If anything, those "catch-all terms" are more inclusive than hyper-precision tasting notes. Someone trying the 2006 Ravines Dry Riesling, may not get the perception of "wrapping a river rock in a lime peel and taking a bite" nor have any familiarity with the Chautauqua Gorge. But there is still something in the wine that they are going to perceive that evoke some sensory description for them. With the catch-all "minerality", the reader is able to attach their own personal description to what term means. While their description of "minerality" in the 2006 Ravines Dry Riesling may not match 100% the perception of lime peel & river rock, it is probably not going to be very far off or incomprehensible. Fluid and descriptive tasting notes are fine and sometimes to read. Gary Vaynerchuk of Wine Library TV can be very entertaining when he describes as wine as tasting EXACTLY like "butter caramel popcorn with tobacco and Dr. Pepper poured over it" (true quote) But few people are going to fine hyper-precise tasting notes to match EXACTLY what they, themselves, are tasting. Hence the benefit there is to sometimes having "catch-all terms" in wine tasting. Pingback: Pinot Love Courtesy C. Donatiello | Wine Tonite!() http://dwaynejohnsonworkout.net Dwayne Johnson Workout Guy Fantastic article. I was searching for something similar to this this for forever. The internet is a huge place! Looking forward to more post from your site.


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Notes & Reviews:
The Carl Nielsen Trio performs arrangements of Nielsen's songs by contemporary composers for their ensemble of tenor, flute and guitar.
American Record Guide, July/August 2013
Flutist Karen Skriver Zarganis, guitarist Michael Norman, and tenor Jan Lund formed the Carl Nielsen Trio to present "Carl Nielsen in new clothes" by asking seven contemporary Danish composers to arrange for them the 19 songs selected for this album. The songs are settings of texts by Danish poets about nature, love, and Christian faith. Accompaniment was originally by piano. The fine performances make them worth hearing, and will have special appeal to people of Danish heritage.
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text:
Owen Chadwick
|Full name
|William Owen Chadwick
|Date of birth
|20 May 1916
|Place of birth
|Bromley, Kent, England
|Tonbridge School
|St John's College, Cambridge
|Rugby union career
|Playing career
|Professional / senior clubs
|Club / team
|Cambridge University
|National team(s)
|Club / team
|British Isles XV
William Owen Chadwick, OM, KBE, FBA, FRSE (/ˈtʃædwɪk/; born 20 May 1916) is a British professor, writer and prominent historian of Christianity. He was also a rugby union player. He was Master of Selwyn College, Cambridge from 1956 to 1983, Dixie Professor of Ecclesiastical History from 1958 to 1968, and Regius Professor of History from 1968 to 1983.
Early life and education[edit]
Chadwick was born in Bromley in 1916. He was the elder brother of the Very Reverend Professor Henry Chadwick, also a distinguished historian of the early Church and a former Dean of Christ Church, University of Oxford, and younger brother of Sir John Chadwick KCMG, a diplomat whose senior posting was as British Ambassador to Romania.[1]
Chadwick attended Tonbridge School and St John's College, Cambridge, where he received three Blues in rugby when he represented Cambridge University in the annual Varsity Match against Oxford in 1936, 1937 and 1938.[2] In 1936, during his first year at Cambridge, he was selected to tour with a Great Britain team in their third trip to Argentina.[3] Although no caps were awarded on this tour, Chadwick did play in the one match against the full Argentina side, playing in his favoured position of hooker in a 23–0 victory.[4] During the 1937/38 season, Chadwick played for invitational touring side, the Barbarians.[5]
After receiving a First in History, Chadwick then attended Cuddesdon College (a theological college) and was ordained to the diaconate and priesthood of the Church of England.
Cambridge career[edit]
After the War (during which he was chaplain of Wellington College), he was made Fellow of Trinity Hall, Cambridge in 1947. He was elected Master of Selwyn College, Cambridge in 1955 – where he was close neighbour and friend of David Briggs, head of King's College School – retiring in 1983. He took a keen interest in sport and was elected to membership of the Hermes Club. In 1958 he was named Dixie Professor of Ecclesiastical History, during which time he chaired the Archbishops' Commission on Church and State (1967–1971).
In 1968, he was elected Regius Professor of Modern History, a chair which he held until 1982, and was President of the British Academy during the early 1980s. As Vice-Chancellor he guided Cambridge through turbulent times in the late 1960s; and was Chancellor of the University of East Anglia between 1984 and 1994.
He has written many books, on the formation of the papacy in the modern world; on Lord Acton; on the secularisation of European thought and culture; on the Reformation; on the Church of England in England and elsewhere. He has notably participated in the debate about Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust.
Chadwick's books include:
From Bossuet to Newman (1957); Victorian Miniature (1960); The Victorian Church (in two volumes, 1966 and 1970); The Secularization of the European Mind in the 19th Century (1975); Newman (in the OUP's "Past Masters" series; 1983) and Hensley Henson: A study in the Friction between Church and State (1983).
With Henry Chadwick, he edited the Oxford History of the Christian Church (1981-2010), to which he also contributed three of its twelve volumes: The Popes and European Revolution (1980), A History of the Popes 1830–1914 (1998), and The Early Reformation on the Continent (2003).
Chadwick was also the General Editor of the Penguin (formerly Pelican) History of the Church, to which he contributed the third volume (The Reformation) and the seventh (The Christian Church in the Cold War, 1992). His brother Henry Chadwick wrote the first volume in the series (The Early Church, 1967).
He was appointed Knight Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (KBE) in the 1982 New Year Honours.[6] As a clergyman he did not receive the accolade and so remained The Revd Owen Chadwick rather than Sir Owen Chadwick.[7] He was appointed to the Order of Merit (OM) on 11 November 1983.[8]
Historical manuscripts commission[edit]
He served as a member of the Historical Manuscripts Commission for a period prior to 1992.[9]
- ^ PHS. "The Times Diary—Chadwick favourite for Dean, OAPs in TV licence rumpus, Holiday Inns here to stay" (News). The Times (London). Wednesday, 9 July 1969. (57607), col D, p. 10.
- ^ Marshall, Howard; Jordon, J.P. (1951). Oxford v Cambridge, The Story of the University Rugby Match. London: Clerke & Cockeran. p. 252.
- ^ Owen Chadwick rugby profile ESPN Scrum.com
- ^ "La Unión de Rugby del Río de la Plata". UAR.com. 1937. Retrieved 20 March 2011.
- ^ Starmer-Smith, Nigel (1977). The Barbarians. Macdonald & Jane's Publishers. p. 219. ISBN 0-86007-552-4.
- ^ The London Gazette: no. 48837. p. 8. 30 December 1981. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
- ^ Honours—Knighthoods from the official website of the British Monarchy. Retrieved 25 June 2008
- ^ The London Gazette: no. 49543. p. 15251. 18 November 1983. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
- ^ The London Gazette: no. 52987. p. 11676. 10 July 1992. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
External links[edit]
|Academic offices
|Preceded by
Norman Sykes
|Dixie Professor of Ecclesiastical History, University of Cambridge
|Succeeded by
Ernest Gordon Rupp
|Preceded by
Herbert Butterfield
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The communications and media industry is a competitive career environment. In an ever changing digital landscape, are you having trouble keeping up and getting honest answers about the field?
I am here to help you get your career on track. Navigating the waters when you're starting a career can be hard, as can the transition between school and the business world. Drawing on my own experience, I will tell young professionals about what maintaining a media career is like, what you should know before you start, how to craft a resume that will get noticed, and more. With the right information, you'll be better prepared to pursue your career.
On my "Lessons from the Newsroom" blog, I share advice on networking with professionals, using social media, making the most of internships, and developing a range of skills to help you prevail on the job market.
Want my help? I work with you one-on-one as a career adviser to help plan out and prepare you for a communications career. To the best of my ability, I'll tell the truth and share the things I wish someone had told me—and should be telling you but probably aren't—before starting a media career.
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Not only did I learn production skills, but also took away some useful career lessons from my time with Lisa…The news industry can often be a stressful environment, but you would never know when Lisa was stressed! She not only taught me how to be cool, calm, and collected under tight deadlines, but also how to manage my time wisely.
With her help and tremendous amount of knowledge about the industry, I feel so much more confident journeying into the business that I love.
Her kindness is exceptional and, though I had not met Lisa when I reached out through the Tufts alum network, I was pleasantly surprised by her willingness to take me under her wing and encourage me to soar.


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press release
The DA will be calling for a special parliamentary investigation and debate on the high death toll on South Africa's roads.
The investigation and debate should result in the recommendation of programmes that will reduce the unnecessary loss of lives on our roads, as well as a review of the manner in which these deaths are reported by the Department of Transport.
The festive season road death toll figures released today by the Minister of Transport, Dipuo Peters indicate that, at a preliminary estimation, 1 376 people lost their lives on South Africa's roads between December 1, 2013 and 7 January, 2014.
Families around South Africa have lost mothers, fathers, daughters and sons in unnecessary road traffic accidents that could have been avoided.
In order to stem the tide, a major shift is needed to drastically reduce the number of lives lost on our roads.
In the DA-run Western Cape, indications are that there will be a continued reduction in the festive season road death toll this year. The province is well on its way to reaching its goal of reducing road deaths by 50% by the end of 2014.
The Western Cape's successes are largely as a result of the implementation of innovative and practical interventions such as:
24/7 year round enforcement - not just festive season road blocks;
Removal of all un-roadworthy vehicles, unlicensed vehicles and drivers;
Innovative multimedia campaigns; and
Average Speed Over Distance (ASOD) camera enforcement technology covering a total of 351.5 kilometres of the province's most dangerous roads.
Of major concern, is the accuracy of the figures released by Minister Peters today.
The announcement of the preliminary festive season road deaths figures today, is four days early. This means that these figures do not take into account the upcoming weekend - where families will be driving from holidays to get back home in time for the new school term - one of the busiest weekends of the festive season. This is dishonest.
Furthermore, the Department of Transport uses South African Police Services (SAPS) reports to measure road deaths in the country, and not data from forensic mortuaries across the country. This lends itself to under-reporting. The Medical Research Council of SA and experts have warned against the under-reporting that results due to reliance only on SAPS reports.
The bottom line is that precious lives have been lost on our roads this festive season and Minister Peters has a responsibility to report on the matter fairly. She has not done so.
The DA trusts that this debate will be granted, and a parliamentary investigation conducted. Parliament needs to reinstate itself as the centre of problem solving in our country.
Too many have died on our roads and it is time Parliament stood up for all those who have lost loved ones on our roads.
Ian Ollis, Shadow Minister of Transport


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Commissioners met with Kingston psychiatrist Dr. Renee Fitzpatrick, the incoming 2012-2013 AMS Executive Doug Johnson, Mira Dineen and Tristan Lee and PhD Candidate Chi Yan Lam.
Dr. Fitzpatrick spoke about the importance of teaching life skills to students, including time management and financial management. She also supports providing students with "detailed maps" of a course that can help them anticipate stressful times, prepare and organize their schedules.
She also noted a lack of national academic standards in high school can cause issues for students when they get to university. An "A" from one province may not be an "A" in another province.
She also talked about structure of a student health service and promoted the family health team model of shared care, where a psychiatrist works in collaboration with family doctors in the same place so that "corridor consults" happen naturally and often.
The incoming 2012-13 AMS executive noted the difference between mental health and mental wellness – that being mentally unwell can lead to being mental unhealthy and illness, and that proactive measures should be in place to decrease stress and promote health and wellness.
They talked about creating a Student Health and Wellness Hub –not necessarily in a building, but a philosophy that promotes holistic health – the impact of diet and exercise on your day, what's available on campus (healthy foods, ARC, HCDS etc).
They were asked about having the library open 24 hours and its impact on student wellness. The students said it's a safe place to study overnight and some people will do it no matter what. If you provide students with information and tips about study patterns, they may stay up a few times, but they'll learn to try healthier schedules. They noted how most students learn time-management and they have to teach themselves and figure out what works for them. Peer support and mentor advice helps.
They raised the $50 academic appeal fee and the need for a compassionate wavier process to support students in a crisis.
They also suggested more HCDS counselors may be needed to triage students and refer them to community support and they liked the idea of a "hub and spoke" model, with counselors based in faculties who understood a student's academic context.
Mr. Lam provided his insights after spending several years living and working in residences as a don.
Robert Sutherland Room, JDUC.
Commissioners heard from undergraduate and graduate students, community members, staff and health professionals about a variety of topics and concerns with much of the conversation focusing on the university's response to, and support of students with serious mentalillnesses. These included the need to talk more about illnesses vs stress and ensure there's an adequate response and ongoing support when a student reaches out.
As one student said:"It's dangerous to just talk about suicide when you are talking about mental illness and mental health – a huge issue is living with it. The main struggle is not avoiding suicide. It's important to have students understand what mental illness is – it's more than the tragedies."
Some of the other needs and ideas identified included:
Faculty of Education Library, Duncan McArthur Hall, West Campus.
Commissioners met with a small group including an undergraduate student, a graduate student and community members.
The conversation covered a broad range of issues, including the need to distinguish between helping students manage stress and anxiety and how the university responds to and supports students with serious mental illnesses.
Some ideas included:
Download the Forum PowerPoint presentation (528 KB)...
Download the Forum handout (PDF 90 KB)...
The Commission met alone to discuss the framework for its report and recommendations. Commissioners also met with an undergraduate student who spoke about her past experience with an illness and whose recommendations included:
Commissioners met to discuss their report.


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a certain something
Joined: Sep 2011
Location: Out There Somewhere
Oddometer: 1,949
Pennsyltuckey Noodlin'
I ride around here enough that I am frequently posting pix and stories about my rides. After I put this up, I realised this thread would be perfect for me to use for covering my two-wheeled exploits in South Central PA. and wherever I may day-trip out to. Cheers.
PS: I threw a bunch of links to stuff into the opening chapter last night. Don't get used to that.
Sunday Oct 21 2012:
Had a day off today (YAY ) and after I slept in,the Girlfriend & I went out for a nice ride.
But first a stop for breakfast... or lunch? What would you call eggs, pancakes, sausages, & home fries at 1:00 PM? If I just woke up (I had), it's STILL breakfast to me. There are a couple diners near us, down along the river. We chose this one today, and yes, Miss C had the pumpkin pancakes with actual REAL maple syrup.
After, we began to ride upriver- but I quickly felt the need to just head west off the river route, out into the valley. The sky was bright and sunny, with BIG puffy white clouds. The clouds cast their shadows on the mountainsides, where they danced over the tree tops.
We turned north, going up Waggoner's Gap (PA route 74)
on what we call the North Mountain, which we'd been riding parallel to for several miles. This mountain is actually officially the Blue Mountain.
Wiki Link Here
This "gap" at the top of the ridge, is right along the major inland migratory flyway, and is down range from Hawk Mountain which gets all the glory. Check the Raptor Count for today on the Hawk Mountain page to see what kind of numbers I'm talking here in peak migration- it's staggering. The Audobon Society has a presence up at Waggoner's Gap, & with it being peak migration season right now, the parking at the top was too crammed for us to stop for any shots of the valley below. But the mountain was as colorful as I've ever seen it. Indeed- all the "leaf-lookers" were out & about, Sunday driving just like we were. I bet we passed 50 bikes or more during the course of our day's ride, but yeah, there were lots of cars too...
Over the ridge, and out into Perry County, PA. Perry County -being largely quite rural- is the brunt of all the incest jokes around these parts. To this day, there isn't a single traffic light to be found in the entire county.
Back around we went, up and over the same ridge again At Doubling Gap- and out across the Great Cumberland Valley to the South Mountain along PA route 233.
Doubling Gap Map Here
This is interesting because the mountain actually doubles back on itself creating a definite "S" shape! there is a spot west of where we were, up on a dirt road where you can see the entire thing. We weren't up there today, but I've provided an aerial view in the above link for you.
Out across the great Valley we went, back up onto the mountain at Pine Grove Furnace State Park, down into Mount Holly Springs, over to Boiling Springs, Following the good old Yellow Breeches Creek home. By the time we were getting near the end of the ride, the day had grown long, and so had the shadows. As it was actually dangerous to stop along the roadside for pix, due to the amount of cars and bikes out- I took precious few photos along the rest of the ride- but we did have a nice time, and it was really great to be out with my baby in tow.
The Great Valley Map
ricochetrider screwed with this post 10-22-2012 at 03:20 PM
a certain something
Joined: Sep 2011
Location: Out There Somewhere
Oddometer: 1,949
Tuesday Oct 22 2012
A buddy and I took our airhead BMWs out yesterday, and had a nice 80+ mile run around the rural back roads, enjoying the sunshine and fall colors.
My 1993 R100RS:
We took a short hike to get these views:
The Great Cumberland Valley
Perry County PA
Got home and had a little Hodgoblin:
a certain something
Joined: Sep 2011
Location: Out There Somewhere
Oddometer: 1,949
Last Week (Sometime in Oct '12)
I was out taking pix of my bike (R100RS again) and the local river, which is no small trickle- the Susquehanna. After living here for many years, I've come to regard this river as one of the most beautiful bodies of water I've ever known. (or seen)
Here I am across from Harrisburg, capitol pf Pennsyltuckey- where the state politicians have actually had fist fights and brawls on the house or senate floor! I mean hey- it didn't get the nickname Pennsyltuckey fer nothin'!
Moving upriver, a stop at the Marysville Riffles
Here, you can see the great Rockville Bridge in the background. More on that later.
Moving upriver to the confluence of the Juniata and the Susquehanna, but FIRST a stop to view a local land mark- Lady Liberty On The Susquehanna:
Situated in the river's Dauphin Narrows section, standing on an old railroad pier, this mock-up of Statue Of Liberty is made of solid, flat-stacked 3/4" plywood. It weighs about 4 tons and is covered in fiberglass. She holds a Keystone instead of a bible. She was flown out to her spot on the pier using a HUGE ass helicopter. The short flight was launched from Fort Hunter park on the east side of the river. This current version of Lady Liberty replaced the original- which was made from a 4X4, some plywood "ribs" and a shitload of old metal venetian blind blades. It had an "expanding" foam head, which they sprayed out of cans into a mold! The old statue fell down in an ice storm back in the 90s, after gamely weathering many storms and seasonal changes. It took a few years to replace it, but a shiny new one has enjoyed wide notoriety and reknown since. I know all this because I helped take the old one down, and know the guys who snuck it up there to begin with- in the middle of the night with a technical assault on the pier- which stands over 40 feet from the river's surface. I was on the pier when we flew the new one out, after doing much work on the pier itself to ready it for its new statue. From the very bottom of the pier, on the rocks, a 40 foot extension ladder JUST reaches the top of the pier. I do not recall how many 5 gallon buckets of mortar I carried up that ladder during the remake of the pier top. We laid down some skids and mixed the mortar (by hand) on a work station we built at the bottom of the pier- canoeing buckets of sand and bags of mortar out from the east shore. The guy who ram-rodded the project is now running for a political office in PA.
Here I am at the confluence of the Juniata and the Susquehanna. To the right is the Juniata, to the left, Susquehanna.
Next, I rode up the eat side of the river to try to get onto the Millersburg Ferry- but it's only running on weekends now, I guess they back the schedule off a bit before shutting down for the winter. Instead I rode out east on 209 and headed up towards Carsonville, getting up into the mountains.
I had the roads to myself on this fine autumn day.
Past Carsonville- NO I didn't stop at the Carsonville Hotel- But did wave to Dennis, who was out sweeping the entrance ramp. I noodled on down the mountain to Clark's Valley Rd. For those who don't know it, Clark's Valley Rd runs a dead straight 15-20? mile line through the woods with very few intersections other than driveways. Tho the state police Do patrol it from time to time, typically you can just FLY up or down it. I turned off CV Rd, turning right on the MUY FAB Goldmine Road, which runs over a couple sweet ridges in very curvy lines, to PA 443, which runs back to the river along Fishing Creek.
The very cool Rockville Bridge is one of the longest stone arch bridges anywhere- built, (I think) in the 30s by immigrant stone masons. It's a railroad bridge, and sometimes you can see two trains on it at once.
ricochetrider screwed with this post 10-23-2012 at 06:39 AM
Just a Traveler
Joined: Feb 2008
Location: Central PA
Oddometer: 3,292
Nice report!!!
And with AIRHEADS!!!!
A small request though,,, if you put up pics of good eating places,,, you really should put up the location!!!
There are a few places I haven't been to yet!
The world is a book, those who don't travel, read but a single page
Studly Adventurer
Joined: Apr 2012
Location: Elizabethtown, PA
Oddometer: 577
Nice pics. I believe Perry County got their first traffic light the other year. Maybe around Marysville area. 850 and 11/15 I think.
a certain something
Joined: Sep 2011
Location: Out There Somewhere
Oddometer: 1,949
That diner is right in Wormleysburg- next to the Drinkin Bone bar. Upriver from Wormleysburg proper, closer to the Conodoguinet...
Thrifty not cheap
Joined: May 2009
Location: Elizabethtown, PA
Oddometer: 1,246
Nice reports. Keep them coming.
I piss and moan a lot about living here (mostly due to the weather), but it does offer good riding.
The Rockville Bridge is covered in a book written a few years ago. You wouldn't think a book about a bridge would be all that interesting, but I really enjoyed it.
'08 Triumph Bonneville T100, '04 Suzuki DL650 'Strom
a certain something
Joined: Sep 2011
Location: Out There Somewhere
Oddometer: 1,949
"Susquehanna: River Of Dreams" by Susan Q Stranahan (IIRC). Details the geology (facts & theories) and historical human interactions with the Susquehanna River, canal systems, etc.- VERY cool.
I regard PA as having some of the best motorcycling anywhere- mostly mountains, mostly rural, sparsely populated in all the good [mo'cyclin'] parts, and people on bikes virtually everywhere.
I'm not native to here but lived here most of my adult life.
Another [major] bonus of life in Central PA- 2 hours to Philly & D.C., 1&1/2 hours to Baltimore, 3 hours to NYC. 20 minutes to pure countryside, and always [comparatively] minimalist rush hour.
a certain something
Joined: Sep 2011
Location: Out There Somewhere
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Actually Have a Day OFF 2morro!
Gonna be chilly but I might just get out and ride some after voting!
Y'all DO vote, dontcha?
a certain something
Joined: Sep 2011
Location: Out There Somewhere
Oddometer: 1,949
April 6,2013 *New Report*
I've been waiting to get a bike -ANY bike- out on the road this year, and between work and weather, and just plain bad timing, I hadn't had much opportunity. BUT eventually, even a blind squirrel finds a damn nut...
Today wasn't QUITE as warm as yesterday, so I waited about, killing time by jaunting down to the local Farmer's Market for some breakfast, and kicking it at the house... until FINALLY the temps topped the 40 degree (F) mark. Yesterday, I'd uncovered the good ol R100, and ran it for a few minutes. Today, it was as ready as I was apparently. It fired up with a roar and off we went.
As I rolled down the hill, the river to my left was as still as glass; the arches of the bridges down there reflecting nicely on the water. The sky was as clear as a bell- it was a gen-u-wine blue bird day, and right Spring-like in all its glory. I popped down thru New Cumberland to see if Deuce was gonna be around, but no. So I headed west and was soon in the country.
I rolled out across the great Cumberland Valley, following the Yellow Breeches Creek for a ways down to Boiling Springs. It's the 2nd Saturday of trout season, and all the anglers were out- as well as a few danglers, wandering along the roadways at creekside, noodling around in their pick-em-up trucks, gawking about and generally creatin a nuisance. The crowd at the BS lake was fantastic in its proportions, with even some wheelchair-bound folks out there wettin' a hook, tryin to entice a trout to accept the invitation to dinner.
Having made it thru all that, I swung out to Mt Holly Springs and up into the South Mountain for some... well some more trout fisherpersons, as it turns out. Y'see, there's no shortage of creeks, streams, criks, runs, puddles, drainage ditches, and lakes hereabouts. The South Mountain is no exception to the rule, and the hooks were fairly flyin about the place like so many frisbees. Any bit of water them wily anglers thought there might be a trout lurking, had a gaggle of pick-ups, poles, and people all teeming about.
Had to pee, so I snapped this pic while stopped:
Eventually, the crowd gave way to open roads. Up through the mountain I rode, turning to cross over it, and back out into the Big Valley, riding across PA Rte 233 to cross over the North Mountain into God's Country- Perry County, Pennsyltuckey. Still occasionally dodging trout seekers, passing more than the occasional motorcyclist, I rolled the throttle on and on.
Zig-zagging out across Perry County, I found myself wondering just exactly how a place so beautiful could SMELL so bad? Well of course it's all farm country, and most of them farmers was spreading what we call manure, I suppose with the end-goal (pun intended) of having all that bovine offal kinda re-fortify the ground that their chemicals have stripped of its original essence... but I digress.
Out across God's Country I did ride, smiling in spite of the smell. I meandered along detours, slithered down by-ways, and rolled on into yet another mountain, crossing up over PA rte 850, stopping at the top for some pix.
Up and over the ridge I went, down into some other county... Franklin? Hmmm. not sure, actually. I hot-footed it down to PA Rte 75, and turned east. This is pure Amish country here, but somehow, I passed nary a buggy out here where the speed limit also happens to match the hiway number (shhh! don't tell- it's a secret that few are hip to). I flippin FLEW down "75" going, well, you know. I began to measure the sun's angle, combining that with the lengthening shadows and deduced that it was getting on in the day. Exercising SOME good sense, I made a right turn onto hiway 74, and back up over the ridge I went, marveling some more to myself on just how little traffic there ever is out here in God's Country. Guess he don't like cars, or had everyone (and I mean EVERYone) on a mission for trout 50 miles south, or whatever. Anyway, there's a couple of my fave curves over here on this stretch so I stopped again to get a piccie or two.
Up, over, back down and around I went into Perry County proper, winding south for a ways. I turned east, picking up Rte 850. Towards the river I went, with the sun peering over my shoulder, as if watching my speedo. Following my shadow, I eventually wound up also following some rolling roadblock on a... you guessed it- Hardley Ableson- and lemme tell ya he was moving a LOT slower than my shadow had been just a few happy moments ago. He turned off sooner rather than later, so me and my shadow sped back up, only to run right up on another similar rolling roadlbock... Honestly. I mean what IS it with these @$$holes doing the SPEED LIMIT?!?
Taking the hint, I veered off onto a pleasant little road that winds thru its own secret valley. I seriously could have been killed, as I came around a bend to find some knucklehead fully and completely on MY SIDE of the road in his BIG ass car... Man if I'd been a few seconds ahead of myself...or if the sun had been lower my shadow coulda been kilt... I mean it was that close. Hmmm, maybe those rolling roadblocks had SOME purpose after all, eh? Anyway I'd slowed down for the run along this valley, eventually coming out at the River's edge, below Marysville. Down river I did ride, with the train tracks betwixt me and the cold water of the Mighty Susquehanna.
It was a sweet little hop down to Wormleysburg, and back up the big hill to the Sky Pad. I hopped off the bike, and got a pic of this:
and this
and this
Didn't take too many pix, so I had to make a load of shi... er I mean stuff up to add SOME substance to this here yarn.
Path: Lemoyne to New Cumberland via Bridge St> 114 thru Lisburn> along the Yellow Breeches to Boiling Springs> Mt Holly> 34S veering off towards Michaux State Forest> 233 thru Newville> 850/274 to Blain> over the mountain on 850> 75 to 74> back to 850> New Valley Road> U.S.11/15 back to Wormleysburg. 171.8 miles of smiles.
ricochetrider screwed with this post 04-07-2013 at 05:37 PM
Studly Adventurer
Joined: Apr 2012
Location: Elizabethtown, PA
Oddometer: 577
Did you find any of those Perry County scumbags the Harrisburg mayor talks about? She's not too bright!
a certain something
Joined: Sep 2011
Location: Out There Somewhere
Oddometer: 1,949
No I didn't find any but I know a few!
A crew of my buddies from up there are now officially calling themselves the Perry County Scumbags.
Studly Adventurer
Joined: Jul 2009
Location: San Leandro, CA
Oddometer: 875
Nice photos and report! Different than Cali for sure.
I don't normally ride on the street,,,but when I do,,I prefer lane splitting.
2011 KTM 990 Adventure / KTM 500 EXC
Chris' Sat Tracker
Jax Off again.
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Location: From Alabama to Newfoundland it's all Appalachian
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Nice RR
I'm enjoying this thread.
Home turf.
COBDR and UTBDR starts 7/4.
Smugmug discount coupon.
Beastly Adventurer
Joined: May 2005
Location: Prescott Valley, Arizona
Oddometer: 1,741
Lots of places I haven't been to yet...I am liking this!
You can outdistance that which is running after you,
but not what is running inside of you
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MAGHDOUSHEH, Lebanon: In the hillside village of Maghdousheh, southeast of Sidon, farmers are busy picking grapes. The village is known for its grape season, and the picking tradition goes back generations.
"Fathers and grandfathers have been working in this business for decades, and now their children are continuing this tradition," farmer Elias Constantin says.
"Maghdousheh is the No. 1 village in the south growing grapes of good quality, and we, the residents, cultivate these grapevines despite the urban development in the village, which is replacing its golden grapes," he adds.
"Grape fields planted in Maghdousheh were originally bought from the city of Haifa in Palestine, and are therefore referred to as Haifian grapes," farmer Adel Qozhaya says. "At the time they were brought here, Palestine was considered to be the basket of Arab foods, due to the abundance of fruits in its land."
Farmers in the village begin picking grapes on July 25, and the produce is consumed in Lebanon and abroad. Some of the grapes will find their way to Arab states such as Kuwait and Iraq.
Yellow grapes glow in the August sun as farmers toil, motivated by their love of the land.
But growing grapes requires year-round care in order to ensure the production of good quality fruit.
The work starts in January when farmers begin pruning the trees. Once spring arrives laborers cut back the leaves on the vines so the sun can reach the crops. The crops are also sprayed with pesticides, although farmers in Maghdousheh insist they do not use the most harmful chemicals.
In the past, there were many more grapevines in the village, and additional workers to pick the fruit. But many laborers found they could not make a decent living in an industry left to fend for itself without state subsidies and moved to cities in search of greater job opportunities.
This has prompted many residents of Maghdousheh to sell their grape fields, which are in demand thanks to the country's real estate boom.
The lump sum the villagers can get by selling their land is far more than the revenue they get from the grape picking business.
Despite the shrinking grape fields, there is still a considerable amount of land where the fruit is planted, and now this agricultural activity is spreading to surrounding villages.
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Families of hostages block roads to protest stalled talks
Sidon to see more green with new garden
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Haunted house calculator
Published: Oct 20 2011 02:27:30 PM EDT Updated On: May 01 2014 04:53:08 PM EDT
There's no need to spend midnight in a cemetery to get that spooky Halloween feeling -- create your own haunted display to get into the spirit at home. Use our interactive calculator to find out how much it would cost.
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David Letterman, Craig Ferguson to continue late-night hosting until 2014
April 3, 2012 - 01:58 pm
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NEW YORK (AP) — Relax, all you fans of David Letterman and Craig Ferguson. They'll be hosting awhile longer.
CBS announced Tuesday that both late-night stars will be sticking with their respective hours — "Late Show" and "The Late Late Show" — through 2014.
The new deal means Letterman would become the longest-running, late-night talk-show host in TV history, surpassing Johnny Carson's record of 30 years at the "Tonight" show. Letterman, who turns 65 next week, began on NBC in 1982 with "Late Night" before switching to CBS in 1993.
The Scottish-born Ferguson, 49, had been a musician, writer and sitcom star when he took over "The Late Late Show" in 2005.
Would you like to contribute to this story? Join the discussion.


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YIELD: Makes 4 to 6 servings
Pick over the black-eyed peas to remove dirt and stones. Soak them in water to cover at least 4 hours or overnight. Fry the salt pork in a large heavy casserole to render the fat. When the salt pork is crisp, add the black-eyed peas and the quart of water, the thyme, salt, and pepper, cover, and cook over low heat for 40 minutes. Adjust the seasonings and continue to cook until the peas are tender. Add the rice, cover with the 3 cups hot water, and simmer over low heat until all of the liquid has been absorbed and the rice is tender. Serve hot.
On New Year's Day, in some families, a dime is placed in the Hoppin' John to ensure special good luck throughout the year for the person who gets it. However, the thought of cracking a tooth makes me think that this may not be the best idea. Try it if you wish.
Reprinted with permission from The Welcome Table: African-American Heritage Cooking by Jessica B. Harris. © 1994 Fireside/Simon & Schuster, Inc.


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News Archive
June 22, 2006
Community college graduation rates are low -- in some cases abysmally so. And as the push grows to hold colleges accountable for their students' academic success, some leaders of two-year institutions have expressed concern that the low completion rates could make the colleges appear ineffective.But a study released Wednesday by the Education Department's National Center for Education Statistics offers some evidence to back up the argument of some community college officials that the institutions do pretty well with those who actually want to earn a degree.
June 22, 2006
Arizona legislators want Old Glory and the Constitution in every classroom at public colleges and universities.
June 22, 2006
Daytona Beach Community College is tying faculty and staff salaries to enrollment.
June 22, 2006
Reporters who cover higher education believe that they spend too much time on student housing, international issues and rankings, and not enough time on retention and remedial education, according to a survey by the Education Writers Association. The University of Hawaii has relinquished its patent rights on three breeds of genetically enhanced taro plants, The Ho
June 22, 2006
University shelves controversial plan that would have given administrators information about students receiving counseling.
June 21, 2006
The U.S. Education Department has rejected a petition from a coalition of student groups, lenders and others that asked the department to consider rewriting its regulations for repaying student loans. Department officials said that while they were concerned about the debt burden faced by many students, they did not consider it appropriate to begin a formal process for reviewing their rules now.
June 21, 2006
Are Asian college applicants systematically discriminated against? Are law schools to blame for unhappy black lawyers?
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In 2011, 44% of brokers who left wirehouses landed at independent firms, but every broker has an array of options when it comes to independence.
All Financial Planning articles are archived after 7 days. REGISTER NOW for unlimited access to all recently archived articles, as well as thousands of searchable stories. Registered Members also gain access to exclusive industry white paper downloads, web seminars, blog discussions, the iPad App, CE Exams, and conference discounts. Qualified members may also choose to receive our free monthly magazine and any of our daily or weekly e-newsletters covering the latest breaking news, opinions from industry leaders, developing trends and growth strategies.


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The Vampire Diaries
Play The Vampire Diaries Drinking Game
If going out and drinking green beer isn't your thing, but you still enjoy a spot of something cheerful, we have just the St. Patty's Day idea for you: Watch old episodes of The Vampire Diaries and play our drinking game! Provided you're over 21, you can play along. And if you're underage, you can always sip some blood-red pomegranate juice!
A wine glass/tumbler of your choice
Vampire wine, if you're so inclined, or your favorite beverage
A sense of adventure
Drink like (emotional) Elena (Nina Dobrev) (a.k.a., one sip) if…
Damon (Ian Somerhalder) does the eye thing
Caroline (Candice Accola) organizes an event
Someone on screen drinks an adult beverage
A dead person appears, as a ghost or in a flashback
Klaus (Joseph Morgan) or Damon calls someone by a nickname
Drink like Damon (a.k.a., two sips) if…
Matt (Zach Roerig) alludes to being poor
Jeremy (Steven R. McQueen) draws something
Elena or Bonnie (Kat Graham) tries to sacrifice themselves
Stefan (Paul Wesley) or Elena writes in a journal
Tyler (Michael Trevino) transforms
Drink like Alaric (a.k.a., finish your glass) if…
Elena kisses a Salvatore
Someone dies (RIP)
Sheriff Forbes solves a crime
Need your daily Vampire Diaries fix? Like us on our Facebook page, or follow us on Twitter!
Follow Jenny McGrath on Twitter @wetpaintjenny.


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a community supporting ambient music, art, poetry, photography, games and more
Posted on September 5, 2014 at 5:09pm 3 Comments 1 Like
Phobos - Sector Four is now released.
Comes as a limited Taiyo Yuden CDr in a standard jewel case with clear tray, 8 page booklet, 2 sided tray card, and on disc print.
Available from :- https://phobos.bandcamp.com/album/sector-four
A download version is also available and comes with all artwork as bonus…Continue
Posted on August 28, 2014 at 2:30pm 4 Comments 0 Likes
Montage from the soon to be released new album Sector Four https://soundcloud.com/phobos-2/sector-four-montage
Posted on January 20, 2014 at 2:46pm 0 Comments 0 Likes
Radio Happy is a German Radio Station playing Ambient, Electronic and a variety of other music.
This is the second live event they have organised.
This will be the first time all the artists above will have played in Holland.…
Posted on December 21, 2013 at 5:00am 6 Comments 2 Likes
I would like to present my latest album, One Moment Live, recorded live at the Awakenings All Dayer, Burton, UK on 12th October 2013. This will be a digital release only, and you can get it for free by just entering £0. I hope you enjoy the music.
The album is available here:-…
Happy Birthday, David. All the very best under the stars to you. Jana
Great to be connected : )
Thanks David...hope to release something from you one day!
Bonjour David,
Je viens de commander via bandcamp/paypal le CD de "Live On Earth (Live at Awakenings)". Votre musique compte beaucoup pour moi. Je l'aime dans ce qu'elle a de mélodieux et de mystérieux. Je serai toujours attentif aux prochaines créations.
Amicalement. christian
Happy birthday David! Hope it's a terrific day full of deep sounds...
Bonjour David, après le magistral "subliminal dreams vol 1", j'attendais ce nouveau long form, le voici avec "live at awakenings". J'envie ceux qui ont la possibilité de vous écouter sur place, ce doit être grandiose ! C'est ma façon de vous dire mon admiration. Cordialement.
I've always dug your music David and this is no different...wonderful playing.
Happy Birthday, David !
I've forgotten what they'd say in the Boro to wish one a happy Birthday.
cheers, Pete
Had this on your front page yesterday for your birthday:


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Direct from the frozen continent of Antarctica, this blog is written by teams of conservators who have travelled here to work since 2006, enduring the world's most hostile environment.
For the last few years they have been conserving 4,500 artefacts from the explorer's hut left behind by Ernest Shackleton after his attempt to reach the South Pole in 1908. This task is nearly complete and work has now started on over 8,000 artefacts from Captain Scott's base at Cape Evans.
You can find out more about the conservators who've taken part in this project and written for this blog by reading their biographies.
Their blog tells you what it's like living and working in Antarctica, about the hut and about the conservation work they are doing. The most recent posts appear at the top of the page. Scroll down to find earlier entries, or use the Categories list on the right hand side of the blog archive, where posts have been filed under subject matter.
Visit the blog archive or read entries from the current conservators in the Antarctic conservation blog.
Working in one of the world's most challenging and beautiful environments, the winter-over team faces 24-hour darkness and temperatures of -40°C, with no flights out until the Antarctic summer. The summer team sees 24-hour daylight in midsummer and the conservators spend part of their time camping near the huts.
Their work is a world first for conservation and is part of the Ross Sea Heritage Restoration Project led by the Antarctic Heritage Trust. They are staying at Scott Base near to Shackleton's hut at Royds Bay on Ross Island.
They'd like to read your comments on their posts, but all comments will be checked for spam before going live, so there may be a slight delay before you see them.
Until 1938 whale carcasses were buried in the Museum grounds so that their flesh would decay leaving only the skeletons.


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At 12:40 PM 5/8/99 -0800, you wrote: >Hi, > >We're just now planning to migrate from Cisc (V3R2) to RISC (V4R4) this >summer. I would really appreciate hearing from others as to the best >resource to plan for a successful migration (publication, video, internet >site, etc.), plus any "gotcha's" from your experiences. We're moving from >Model 200-2130 platform to a Model 170 server platform, if there's any >"gotcha's" with such a move, we'd surely appreciate hearing those. > RTFM (Read the fine manual). You must follow the CISC to RISC Roadmap exactly. I will also be doing sessions at the two Education Connection conferences talking about this process. http://www.sysimp.com/tec/index.htm I will also be doing the same session at the Ocean User Group this July. http://www.ocean400.org/ Al +--------------------------------------------------+ | Please do not send private mail to this address. | | Private mail should go to email@example.com. | +--------------------------------------------------+ Al Barsa, Jr. - Account for Midrange-L Barsa Consulting, LLC. 400 > 390 Phone: 914-251-1234 Fax: 914-251-9406 http://www.barsaconsulting.com http://www.taatool.com +--- | This is the Midrange System Mailing List! | To submit a new message, send your mail to firstname.lastname@example.com. | To subscribe to this list send email to email@example.com. | To unsubscribe from this list send email to email@example.com. | Questions should be directed to the list owner/operator: firstname.lastname@example.com +---
This mailing list archive is Copyright 1997-2015 by MIDRANGE dot COM and David Gibbs as a compilation work. Use of the archive is restricted to research of a business or technical nature. Any other uses are prohibited. Full details are available here. If you have questions about this, please contact


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of clever alliteration. So really, what is better than Tipsy Gypsy?
Isn't that just the most playful buoyant satisfying this to say? Tipsy Gypsy!
If you've found your way here from UrbanMermaidVenice then you already
know I am a big fan of the food and the deeply enchanting atmosphere here.
Literally, (oh shit I just got so Rachel Zoe!) I have been sitting at Vardo
having dinner and quite effortlessly the two ladies running the joint abandon
their duties: one picking up the guitar and accompanying with most crystalline
voice, and the other spinning dancing jingling as if taken by trance. And then
go back to their business with little acknowledgement of the magic they randomly
Oh, and the food is REALLY good and it is precisely in your budget, AND
your vegetarian sister can eat everything on the menu.
But let's get back to the important part... the TYPSY GYPSY aka HAPPY HOUR. First of all, they don't quite need it because these folks have on the menu the most generous( and not
poisonous) shots of Vodka and Tequila for $4. But we'll take it!
Vardo Café 235 Main Street, Monday – Friday 2:00-6:30 Beer $4,
Wine $6, Cocktails $7, Dolmas $5, Nachos, $5, Tacos $6.


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From Drain Cleaner to Cake … It's All "Racist"
While the DOJ's top gun AG Eric Holder vehemently opposes voter IDs as racist, I don't see him jumping on the state of Illinois for their new state law requiring customers to show photo identification before purchasing ... drain cleaner. I'm guessing minorities don't buy Liquid Plumber??
Look for the union label on the majority of those waivers for ObamaCare from the administration and the HHS.
There's a new tell-all book coming out that makes the Czarina of Food, FLOTUS Michelle Obama, look kinda sorta not so nice. Also, allegedly, after the 2008 election win, she wanted to postpone the move to the White House and hang out at the Obama home pal Tony Rezko helped purchase. However, in the last three years she hasn't seemed to make the Chicago digs a vacation destination. I think I recall maybe one time the Obama's have been back there?
Your Excellency: And speaking of the jet-setting FLOTUS ... Given her proclivity for taking luxurious holidays on our dime while the rest of the nation is struggling with the household budget, and going without family vacations for another year in a row, a depiction of her as the spoiled selfish Queen of France who mythically stated "Let them eat cake" really doesn't seem all that nasty, as political cartoons go (and the buff arm has to be a jab at the MSM's obsession with Mrs. Obama's 'toned' and typically bare arms)...
The photoshop is not new (and I have seen others, of Obama as well), but an LA Times blogger has taken exception, and somehow sees something the majority of people looking at the depiction do not ... racism. However, the LAT blogger apparently had no problems with his own paper's political cartoonist taking an obviously blatant racist stab at then Secretary of State Condoleeza Rice. Not to worry, however, I believe Mrs. Obama will be able to jet back to that pricey house in Chicago around this time next year ... for good.
And an interesting extra ... Ace of Spades HQ has a round-up you might find entertaining: Lefties Wet Their Pants Thinking about Post-Obama America
or, I Want What They Fear
Me too...


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Bukoba — HIV/Aids infections in Kagera region have dropped from 3.7 per cent to 3.4 last year due to concerted efforts to control the pandemic, the Kagera Regional Commissioner (RC), Mr Fabian Massawe said.
He noted that Aids patients taking Anti Retrovirals (ARVs) have increased from 598 in 2005 to 11,256 last year.The RC also said over 25,000 males underwent circumcision last year in efforts to control AIDS.
He said the government was keen to ensure that lives of pregnant women and children were saved through improvement of health service delivery and construction of more dispensaries and health centres.
Mr Massawe disclosed further that maternal death rate dropped from 194 for 100,000 live births in 2005 to 89 deaths per 100,000 live births during last year.
He said the rate of Infant mortality for children aged less than five years dropped from 110 for each 1,000 children during 2005 to eight for 1,000 children in 2012.
He added that a total of 737,695 Insecticide Treated Nets (ITN) were distributed to residents in effort to control malaria.
Despite the achievement, Kagera region has a shortage of 1,161 personnel in the health sector. He said the current needed number of medical personnel stands at 2,709 while those available are 1,548.


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We offer many different options for you and your family to visit campus. From large visit events to small, daily tours there is surely something to meet your needs. You can read over the options listed in the box below and if you have any questions, give us a call.
We're also coming to you. Check out all the College Fairs we'll be attending around the country. We look forward to meeting you!
|Here are the ten most popular topics for prospective students and parents.
|1. Transfers
|6. Financial Aid
|2. Big 12 Athletics
|7. goBAYLOR
|3. Transferring Credits
|8. Line Camp
|4. Campus Visits
|9. On Campus Dining
|5. Snapshots
|10. Virtual Tour


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The Bachelor
RHONY's Aviva Drescher on The Bachelor's Sarah Herron: "I Admire Her Courage" — Exclusive
During her short time on the show so far, Bachelor Season 17 contestant Sarah Herron – who lost one of her arms in the womb due to amniotic band syndrome — has already become a major fan favorite. Gorgeous, sincere and plucky, she tells Sean Lowe straight off the bat: "I'm open to talking about it, but I don't want to be perceived as disabled." Swoon.
A big supporter of her frank, no-nonsense approach? Real Housewives of New York star Aviva Drescher, who's also an amputee. Speaking exclusively with Wetpaint Entertainment, Aviva opened up about how women like herself and Sarah are breaking down barriers…and opening up America's minds.
Wetpaint Entertainment: This is the first time there's ever been an amputee contestant on The Bachelor. What do you think of the decision?
Aviva: Why not? I think being an amputee makes her more interesting…stronger...even sexier. More eligible in my opinion!
Do you feel you've helped pave the way towards helping make America more accustomed to seeing amputees on TV?
I wouldn't give myself that much credit — but if I've created more of a comfort level surrounding amputees, I would be thrilled!
Sarah, the contestant on The Bachelor, lost one of her arms in the womb — so she never really knew life with two of them. You, on the other hand, were born with both legs but lost one in an accident when you were a child. How do your experiences differ?
I think the younger a person is when they lose limb, the easier it is to adapt because you don't know the difference. Out of the womb, the adjustment is easier. In that way, Sarah's experience may have been more fluid.
Conversely, arm loss is more apparent to people and she may have endured more stares and questions than one missing a leg. There are functional differences between losing an arm and losing a leg.
Sarah has the option of wearing a prosthetic arm, but she chooses not to. What's your take on her decision?
I think whatever makes her feel good is the way to go. She's just as lovely and beautiful with or without a prosthetic. It's a very personal choice. And I bet she's rocking those sleeveless dresses. Go Sarah!
Sarah has told Sean that she just wants to be seen for who she is, not for the fact she only has one arm. Do you understand where she's coming from?
I fully understand where she is coming from and respect and identify with her desire to be like everyone else. It's annoying when limb loss takes front and center. It shouldn't overshadow character, beauty and integrity. I admire anyone for their courage to go on national television. Sarah has real guts, especially doing it with a missing arm.
Now that she has the national spotlight, how do you think she can help causes and charities for amputees like the ones you support?
I think just being herself on the show will, on its own, inspire many. Watching Sarah function, date and live while missing an arm will give others in similar predicaments perspective. For those who don't have any physical challenges, they will be in awe.
I don't know what Sarah's passions are, however, if charity is one, television is a tremendous platform to raise money and awareness for many causes. Regardless, I commend her. Doing a reality show takes tremendous strength and courage. Doing it with a physical challenge in front of the whole world is simply awesome!


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Plants Photos and Descriptions
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Cestrum nocturnum, or
the Night Blooming Jasmine is a large shrub. The cream or pale green
flowers are relatively inconspicuous and are most notable for their
beautiful evening fragrance. I plant Cestrum nocturnum in shaded
gardens in frost free or nearly frost free locations. These are
wonderful background plants and are usually found in some forgotten corner
of the yard, often near a window that is kept open. Night Blooming
Jasmine prefers some irrigation and well mulched soil and good drainage
but will persist with almost no care. Unfortunately if adequate care
is not provided, Cestrum nocturnum will be a visual liability. All
parts of the plant are poisonous so these fragrant beauties should not be
planted where small children play.
Mobile Version of this page
High resolution photos of Cestrum nocturnum are part of our garden image collection.
Home Garden
Questions or comments about this website
Copyright © 1999 California Gardens
Last modified: June 4, 2015


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When the second part of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows opens next year on July 15, is there any other movie that dares to compete against it? Disney thinks Winnie the Pooh is up for the challenge, despite the poor box office for 2005's Pooh's Heffalump Movie (only $18 million domestically). Disney has embarked on a brave new strategy: adapting five previously unadapted stories from the original A.A. Milne books that ultimately revolves around the Hundred Acre Wood gang trying to save Christopher Robin; returning to the classic, hand-drawn animation-style of the early Pooh movies, and releasing the movie in (the now-retro) 2-D. Disney has premiered their crazy strategy in the first trailer for the movie, and the results show that Disney's strategy might be crazy enough to work.
REELZ isn't just a great place for movie reviews and celebrity news, we also have a great slate of original programming.
Choose one of our shows below to learn more!


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Are you thinking about pre-planning your funeral? Pre-planning is the best way to choose how you're remembered, to ease the emotional and financial burden on your loved ones, to protect yourself from rising funeral costs, and to let your family know your final wishes.
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Bohm ~ Calarco ~ Smith
Burdett & Sanford
We understand that it is not always possible to pay respects in person, & hope that this small token will help. You can search for your loved one using the form below.
On behalf of our family, we want to say thank you for taking the time to visit our site. As a family owned business we consider the opportunity to serve the communities of Genesee County a privilege. Please feel free to browse our web site to help answer any questions you might have regarding traditional funerals, cremation, our Cremation with ConfidenceTM Guarantee, or other area of interest. You may also check on a family we are currently serving. We are here to continue to provide the highest standards for our community at an affordable price. As always, if you have any questions, we're available by phone, by email or in person.
James F. Smith | Justin D. Calarco-Smith | Joshua J. Smith | Randy W. McIntire | Steven L. Johnson
H.E. Turner & Co., Inc.
403 East Main Street
Batavia, New York 14020
(585) 343-8868
H.E. Turner & Co., Inc.
51 South Lake Street
Bergen, New York 14416
(585) 494-1210
Funeral Home
308 East Main Street
Batavia, New York 14020
(585) 343-5673
Burdett & Sanford
Funeral Home
11 Maple Avenue
Oakfield, New York 14125
(585) 948-5325
Are you looking to add a personal touch to your loved one's funeral service? Would you like to browse through our catalog of viewing merchandise? Maybe you want to learn more about planning your own funeral. We've made all of this information — and more — available for you to explore in the comfort and privacy of your home.
Price is among the most important factors for families planning services. We are transparent and up front with all our prices. We have nothing to hide, and unlike other firms we offer a No Hidden Fee Guarantee!
We provide our families with an open door policy. Please feel free to contact us 24 hours a day.
H.E. Turner & Co. Funeral Home
403 East Main Street,
Batavia, NY 14020
H.E. Turner & Co. Funeral Home - Batavia
403 East Main Street
Batavia, NY US
H.E. Turner & Co. Funeral Home
51 South Lake Street, P.O. Box 340
Bergen, NY 14416
Bohm-Calarco-Smith Funeral Home
308 East Main Street,
Batavia, NY 14020
Burdett & Sanford Funeral Home
11 Maple Avenue,
Oakfield, NY 14125