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Thursday, January 8. 2015
How to make inflated journal subscriptions unsustainable
It would be a lot better if the Netherlands adopted a policy requiring Dutch researchers to make their published research OA rather than fussing about publishing costs and the costs of OA publishing.
Harnad, S (2014) The only way to make inflated journal subscriptions unsustainable: Mandate Green Open Access. LSE Impact of Social Sciences Blog 4/28
Posted by Stevan Harnad in Publishing Costs at 13:34 | Comments (0) | Trackbacks (0)
Friday, December 5. 2014
The Implications of the Green Open Access REF Policy
Comments on "What would be the implications of a gold Open Access REF policy?" (Ben Johnson, HEFCE)
Ben Johnson this post ignores the commonly heard prediction that universal green OA will somehow deliver a sustainable gold OA future all on its ownLet me spell out that commonly heard prediction, explaining exactly how and why today's pre-green gold OA is fools gold -- unaffordable and unsustainable -- and exactly how and why universal green OA, on its own, will deliver a sustainable gold OA future, in the form of post-green fair-gold:
0. Lost Impact: Journal subscriptions are costly, unaffordable and growing, research funds are scarce, hard to come by and shrinking, and research access, usage, impact, productivity and progress are being needlessly lost every day that we fail to provide OA.
1. Over-Pricing: Pre-green gold OA publication fees are arbitrarily and hugely over-priced. (We will see how much, and why, shortly.)
2. Double-Payment: Payment for pre-green gold is double payment: (i) subscription fees for incoming papers plus (ii) gold fees for outgoing papers. (Must-have subscription journals cannot be cancelled by an institution until those same articles are accessible to users in some other way.)
3. Double_Dipping: On top of that, paying the same "hybrid gold" journal (both subscription and optional gold) for pre-green hybrid gold also allows publisher double-dipping.
4. "Rebates": Even if the pre-green hybrid gold publisher promises all N of its subscribing institutions a full, 100% rebate on all hybrid gold income received, that only means that (N-1)/N of whatever hybrid gold any institution pays for its own outgoing hybrid gold papers becomes a subsidy to all the other N-1 subscribing institutions: The institution only gets back 1/Nth of its hybrid gold outlay. (The UK, for example, would get back a 6% subscription rebate for its hybrid gold outlay; the rest of the UK hybrid gold outlay would become a rebate to the other 94% of subscribing institutions in the countries that were not foolish enough to pay pre-emptively for pre-green gold.) Unless the full gold OA rebate goes to the same institution that paid for the gold (by deducting it from the subscription fee), it is still double-payment.
5. Repositories: Research funds are scarce, subscriptions are barely affordable, and pre-green gold payment is completely unnecessary, because green OA can be provided at no extra cost. (Institutional repositories already exist anyway, for multiple purposes, so their cost per paper is negligible, particularly compared to the grotesque cost per paper for pre-green gold.)
6. CC-BY: CC-BY is most definitely not so urgent today, compared to access itself, as to be worth the extra cost of pre-green gold today: CC-BY will come quite naturally of its own accord soon after universal green prevails, and at no extra cost. (We will see how and why shortly.)
7. Embargoes: Publisher embargoes on green are ineffectual because of the repositories copy-request Button -- if, but only if the paper was mandatorily deposited immediately upon acceptance for publication, exactly as HEFCE requires). The sole purpose of publishers' OA embargoes today is to try to ensure that -- come what may -- their current level of revenue per paper published, whether via subscriptions or via fool's gold, is sustained. (Please pause for a moment to think this through. It says it all.)
8. Cancelation: So post-green i.e., once immediate-deposit green has been mandated and provided universally, by all institutions and funders, as HEFCE has done -- institutions can at last cancel their journal subscriptions, because then their users can access the content another way.
9. Obsolete Costs: The post-green unsustainability of subscriptions will force publishers to cut all publishing costs that have been made obsolete by the post-green OA era: Publishers will be forced to phase out the print edition, the online edition, access-provision and archiving: these functions will now be offloaded onto the distributed global network of green OA institutional repositories. And publishers current level of revenue per article will not be sustained.
10. Fair Gold: To cover the remaining post-green cost of peer-reviewed journal publishing which is just the cost of managing peer review itself post-green journals will convert to affordable, sustainable fair gold. Institutions will easily pay this service fee, per outgoing paper, out of a fraction of their windfall subscription cancelation savings on incoming papers.
In other words, post-green, subscriptions will be gone, embargoes will be gone, and all OA will be CC-BY (where desired).
Ben Johnson: Would repositories disappear in a gold OA world? No, theyre still useful for theses etc. Monitoring would continue to be necessary for any OA policy.In the Post-green fair-gold OA world there will no longer be any need to monitor OA policy. Everything published will be fair-gold OA! But there will certainly be a need for the worldwide network of green OA repositories to provide access and archving in place of the pre-green subscription journals: For it will have been the cancelation pressure generated by universally mandated-and-provided green OA that drove the entire downsizing and transition to fair gold.
Harnad, S. (2007) The Green Road to Open Access: A Leveraged Transition. In: Anna Gacs. The Culture of Periodicals from the Perspective of the Electronic Age. L'Harmattan. 99-106.
Ben Johnson:
Posted by Stevan Harnad in Publishing Costs at 02:08 | Comments (0) | Trackbacks (0)
Friday, April 25. 2014
The Only Way to Make Inflated Subscriptions Unsustainable: Mandate Green OA
The only effective way to make inflated subscriptions unsustainable is for funders and institutions to mandate Green OA self-archiving.
Tim Gowers is quite right that the pace of change is slow, and the alternative system that is most strongly promoted open access articles paid for by article processing charges [Gold OA] is one that mathematicians tend to find unpalatable. (And not only mathematicians: they are extremely unpopular in the humanities.) there is no sign that they will help to bring down costs any time soon and no convincing market mechanism by which one might expect them to.
This is all true as long as the other form of OA (Green OA self-archiving by authors of published articles in OA repsositories, mandated by funders and institutions) has not prevailed. Pre-Green Gold is "Fool's-Gold." Only Post-Green Gold is Fair-Gold.
The current Finch/RCUK policy, preferring Gold OA, has had its predictable perverse effects:
1. sustaining arbitrary, bloated Gold OA feesBut the solution is also there, as already adopted by University of Liege and FRS-FNRS (the Belgian Francophone research funding council), EC Horizon2020 and now also by HEFCE for REF2020.
a. funders and institutions mandate immediate-depositThis policy restores author choice, moots publisher embargoes, makes Gold and CC-BY completely optional, provides the incentive for author compliance and the natural institutional mechanism for verifying it, consolidates funder and institutional mandates; hastens the natural death of OA embargoes, the onset of universal Green OA, and the resultant institutional subscription cancellations, journal downsizing and transition to Fair-Gold OA at an affordable, sustainable price, paid out of institutional subscription cancellation savings instead of over-priced, double-paid, double-dipped Fool's-Gold. And of course Fair-Gold OA will license all the re-use rights users need and authors want to allow.
In summary, plans by universities and research funders to pay the costs of Gold OA today are premature. Funds are short; 80% of journals (including virtually all the top journals) are still subscription-based, tying up the potential funds to pay for Gold OA; the asking price for Gold OA is still high; and there is concern that paying to publish may inflate acceptance rates and lower quality standards. What is needed now is for universities and funders to mandate Green OA self-archiving (of authors' final peer-reviewed drafts, immediately upon acceptance for publication). That will provide immediate OA; and if and when universal Green OA should go on to make subscriptions unsustainable (because users are satisfied with just the Green OA versions) that will in turn induce journals to cut costs (print edition, online edition, access-provision, archiving), downsize to just providing the service of peer review, and convert to the Gold OA cost-recovery model; meanwhile, the subscription cancellations will have released the funds to pay these residual service costs. The natural way to charge for the service of peer review then will be on a "no-fault basis," with the author's institution or funder paying for each round of refereeing, regardless of outcome (acceptance, revision/re-refereeing, or rejection). This will minimize cost while protecting against inflated acceptance rates and decline in quality standards.
Harnad, S. (2007) The Green Road to Open Access: A Leveraged Transition. In: Anna Gacs. The Culture of Periodicals from the Perspective of the Electronic Age. LHarmattan. 99-106.
______ (2010) No-Fault Peer Review Charges: The Price of Selectivity Need Not Be Access Denied or Delayed. D-Lib Magazine 16 (7/8).
______ (2013) Comments on HEFCE/REF Open Access Mandate Proposal. Open access and submissions to the REF post-2014
______ (2013) Finch Group reviews progress in implementing open access transition amid ongoing criticisms. LSE Impact of Social Sciences Blog November 18th 2013
______ (2013) Nudging researchers toward Gold Open Access will delay the shift to wider access of research. LSE Impact of Social Sciences Blog December 5th, 2013
Posted by Stevan Harnad in Publishing Costs at 13:13 | Comments (0) | Trackbacks (0)
Thursday, April 3. 2014
Not All That Glitters (April Afterthoughts)
On April 1 Mike Eisen did a brilliant spoof on many of the faults of subscription journal publishing, making a host of valid financial as well as technical points.
But the focus was all on on Gold Open Access journals, not on Open Access itself.
Authors don't have to switch journals or pay extra money to provide and mandate Green OA (self-archiving of articles published in any journal).
And, technically speaking (quality, peer review), there's no evidence that the Gold OA journals are any better than the non-OA journals. (And the Beall bunch of Gold OA journals have not been getting the greatest report cards either...)
And there are many long-standing, field-specific non-OA journals with track records for high standards rather than Nature/Science glitz and hype. (I'm not sure, either, whether the undeniable public interest in research related to personal health generalizes to the vast portions of biomedical and non-biomedical research that are not related to human health problems.)
And it's not clear how authors choosing to publish in Gold OA journals while most journals are still non-OA saves money, rather than costing even more money: While most journals are still non-OA, institutions must still pay their must-have subscriptions (so their users retain access to the incoming articles in non-OA journals) on top of whatever is being paid for Gold OA for outgoing articles.
Nor is it clear that the per-article revenue of Gold OA journals, though lower than the average non-OA journal article revenue, is anywhere near as low as it could be if all articles were Green, so Institutional Repositories could do all the access-provision and archiving, and the only thing journals had to do or charge for was managing the peer review.
This is why I've taken to calling post-Green Gold OA "Fair Gold" OA, in contrast to pre-Green "Fool's Gold" OA.
(But I've resisted the temptation -- because I really think it would be unfair and misleading -- to entitle this posting "April Fool's Gold." Mike's is not a foolish picture, but it's certainly not the fullish one either...)
Posted by Stevan Harnad in Publishing Costs at 11:35 | Comments (0) | Trackbacks (0)
Monday, March 24. 2014
The Wellcome Trust's Deep Pockets
All this potential research money wasted utterly wasted on Fools Gold. Some Reflection from Wellcome Would be Welcome.
Falk Reckling: If Green OA would really work (Fools Green?), we would not need such compromises, but some of them could work: http://ioppublishing.org/newsDetails/Austria-open-accessThere's no "Fools Green" just foolish OA policy (or non-policy). Green OA works perfectly well when it is effectively mandated (as it is by FRS in Belgium, U Liège, U Minho and others; see ROARMAP).
FWF, for example, fails to (1) mandate immediate institutional deposit, irrespective of publisher embargo on OA, and fails to (2) make research evaluation and funding contingent on immediate institutional deposit, as the effective Green OA mandates do. This effectively makes compliance with the FWF "mandate" completely contingent on publisher policy. OeAW does much the same.
It may seem more sensible to pay for Fools Gold than to think, pay attention to the empirical evidence, and design an effective policy, but in fact it's a regrettable and needless waste of time and money.
Optimizing the Austrian Science Foundation (FWF) Open Access Mandate: I & II
Gargouri, Y, Lariviere, V, Gingras, Y, Brody, T, Carr, L and Harnad, S (2012) Testing the Finch Hypothesis on Green OA Mandate Ineffectiveness. In, Open Access Week 2012
Gargouri, Y, Larivière, V & Harnad, S (2013) Ten-year Analysis of University of Minho Green OA Self-Archiving Mandate (in E Rodrigues, A Swan & AA Baptista, Eds. Uma Década de Acesso Aberto e na UMinho no Mundo.
Sale, A., Couture, M., Rodrigues, E., Carr, L. and Harnad, S. (2012) Open Access Mandates and the "Fair Dealing" Button. In: Dynamic Fair Dealing: Creating Canadian Culture Online (Rosemary J. Coombe & Darren Wershler, Eds.)
Falk Reckling: Stevan, I personally appreciate your efforts very much, always inspiring, but how to install a Green OA if most of the institutions in Austria have no repository and if a lot of researchers like to prefer to deposit the version of record ? That is the reason our OA policy offers equal options, see: http://www.fwf.ac.at/en/public_relations/oai/index.htmlFalk, my suggestions:
(1) Mandate (i.e., require) institutional repository deposit of the refereed final draft immediately upon acceptance as a condition for research evaluation or FWF funding. (The FWF mandate will be backed up by a very similar EU Horizon2020 mandate.)
(2) If the fundee's institution does not yet have a repository, recommend OpenDepot as the provisional locus of deposit until the institution has a repository of its own.
Researchers will deposit, and institutions will create repositories and verify compliance, just as in every other country with an effective Green OA policy.
According to OpenDoar, Austria already has 9 institutional repositories (plus two disciplinary ones).
Falk Reckling: just have a look at that these repositoriesOf course those repositories are mostly empty! That's the point! They will not fill until FWF and OeAW (and then the institutions themselves) adopt effective mandates. It is circular to say that there's no point to upgrade our Green OA mandates to make them effective because the repositories are empty! The empty repositories are the reason the mandates need to be upgraded. And the upgrade to immediate institutional deposit as a condition of evaluation and funding works. (Try it and you will see.) And I did say that institutional repositories would be created in response to effective Green OA mandates...
Posted by Stevan Harnad in Publishing Costs at 23:52 | Comment (1) | Trackbacks (0)
Wednesday, March 5. 2014
Dutch Echoes of Finch: Fool's Gold vs. Fair Gold
Wouter Gerritsma, wrote in GOAL:
"For two working groups of the Dutch University libraries I was asked to make a calculation for the costs of a 100% Gold open access model. It will only costs 10.5 million euro extra was my conclusion. Blogged at http://wowter.net/2014/03/05/costs-going-gold-netherlands/"Unless I have misunderstand, this "10.5 million euro extra for Dutch University Libraries means 10.5 million euro extra over and above what Dutch University Libraries are paying for subscriptions (34 million euros).
In other words, for a surcharge of 10.5 million dollars, Dutch University libraries can purchase gold OA for Dutch research output (assuming that suitable gold OA journals exist for all Dutch research output, and that all Dutch researchers are willing to publish in them).
But, at the same time, Dutch University libraries also have to continue to pay to subscribe to the research input from all other universities and research institutions worldwide, as long as the latter publish in subscription-based journals rather than gold OA journals (or are unwilling or unable to pay for gold OA).
This pre-emptive double-payment for gold OA I have come to call Fools Gold."
What is being left out of this calculation, of course, is that the Netherlands, like all countries, can have OA at no extra cost at all by mandating green OA self-archiving of all of its research output in Dutch universities institutional repositories.
In other words, Wouter's calculations sound like a response to Sander Dekker's Dutch echo of the UK Finch Committee recommendations to pay extra for gold OA instead of just mandating green OA.
Such recommendations originate, not coincidentally, from the two countries with the heaviest concentration of the journal publishing industry, and hence the journal publishing industry lobby, as repeatedly voiced in the Netherlands by Sander Dekker, Netherlands State Secretary for the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science.
All the published objections to the Finch recommendations would apply to Dekkers Dutch recommendations if they were ever to become a policy (mandate). Fortunately they are not mandatory and can and should be ignored in favor of mandating green OA, as the European Commission has done. The UK mandate will also (it is to be hoped) shortly shored up with an immediate-deposit requirement from HEFCE.
To understand why green OA needs to be mandated first, and how it will first provide OA, and then make subscriptions unsustainable, inducing publishers to cut costs and convert to Fair Gold OA at an affordable, sustainable price by offloading all archiving and access provision onto the worldwide network of mandatory green OA institutional repositories, see:
Harnad, S. (2010) No-Fault Peer Review Charges: The Price of Selectivity Need Not Be Access Denied or Delayed. D-Lib Magazine 16 (7/8).
Houghton, J. & Swan, A. (2013) Planting the Green Seeds for a Golden Harvest: Comments and Clarifications on "Going for Gold". D-Lib Magazine 19 (1/2).
Wouter Gerritsma replied:
Yes, of course I knew that you were only the messenger, and doing the calculation! It is the pressure from Sander Dekker (or, rather, from those who are putting the pressure on Sander Dekker!) that is behind the foolish idea of increasing the already overstretched Dutch research publication budget by 30% from 34M euros for subscriptions to 43M by adding payment for pre-emptive, over-priced, double-paid Fool's Gold OA!
But there is a solution for green OA embargoes: In the case of Elsevier, they're no problem, because Elsevier does not have a green OA embargo -- just a lot of empty, non-binding pseudo-legalistic double-talk about authors retaining the right to self-archive unembargoed "except if they are required [mandated] to exercise that retained right."
That is of course patent nonsense. But for those timid authors who don't realize it, they can still be mandated to deposit the final refereed draft of their articles in their IR immediately upon acceptance for publication, but to keep it under "Closed Access" if they wish to comply with an embargo. The author can then provide individual access on a case-by-case basis: Users click the IR's eprint-request Button to request an individual copy, and the author can then comply with the request with one click.
Needless extra clicks for the (timid) author, but extra access too, and extra usage, uptake, and impact. (And a lot better than paying a needless extra 10M!)
And of course the result after a few years of mandatory immediate deposit, providing 60% immediate OA for the unembargoed deposits and 40% Button-mediated access will be that embargoes will quietly die their inevitable, well-deserved deaths, as more and more authors provide immediate OA instead of clicks.
Green OA embargoes, in other words, are illusory impediments, bits of FUD to confound timid authors. No sensible person on the planet believes they have any chance of actually holding back the Green OA dam (something the citizens of the Netherlands should understand!).
Best wishes,
Posted by Stevan Harnad in Publishing Costs at 13:19 | Comment (1) | Trackbacks (0)
Wednesday, November 6. 2013
Not All That Glitters
Paul Jump's THE report on the Westminster Higher Education Forum on Implementing Open Access Policy is incomplete:
1. Professor Neilson was not arguing against Open Access (OA) mandates; he was arguing against constraints on authors' choice of journal.
2. The ones that need to comply with funder OA mandates are fundees, not journals.
3. Hence the way for fundees to comply with funder OA mandates is to publish in their journal of choice and to provide OA to the publication.
4. The two ways to provide OA are for the publisher to do it (Gold OA) or for the author to do it (Green OA).
5. Most publishers (of UK authors' journals of choice) provide Gold OA only if paid to do so.
6. Professor Neilson argued against this Gold OA payment not only as a constraint on author choice, but also as a constraint on the UK research budget: hence his call for a cost/benefit analysis -- not of OA or OA mandates, but of Gold OA and Gold OA mandates.
7. That leaves Green OA, which can be provided by authors for any journal they choose -- Gold or tolled.
8. Some journals (c. 40%) embargo Green OA; the allowable embargo length is still under debate, but hovers around 12 months; RCUK have already said they will not even try to enforce embargoes for the first five years of the new mandate.
9. The BIS Committee's and HEFCE's recommendation (not mentioned in Paul Jump's article, though BIS Committee Chair Adrian Bailey also spoke at the Westminster Forum), is to mandate immediate deposit, whether or not access to the deposit is made OA immediately.
10. Adrian Bailey, like Professor Neilson, recommends further evidence-based analysis before diverging from the original 2004 Select Committee Recommendation to mandate Green but not Gold.
11. It is through the Green course set by the 2004 Select Committee that the UK had been leading the world toward OA till 2012, when the Finch Committee abruptly recommended -- without evidence -- preferring Gold.
12. BIS and HEFCE have since recommended staying the course until and unless there is evidence to the contrary.
13. What is certain is that the rest of the world (US, EU, Australia) is following the Green Course set by the UK, irrespective of any evidence-free 2nd thoughts the Finch Committee may have since had about it.
Posted by Stevan Harnad in Publishing Costs at 18:41 | Comments (0) | Trackbacks (0)
Thursday, October 24. 2013
Fool's Gold: Publisher Ransom for Freedom from Publisher Embargo?
Bob Campbellwrote on the Wiley blog:
"Stevan accuses me of much conflation yet he himself conflates APCs and subscriptions when commenting on double-dipping. APCs are not paying for the same articles paid for by subscriptions. Publishers have always charged separately for different services/products. For example, a medical journal may charge a pharmaceutical company for reprints, advertising space and subscriptions. These are priced separately and charged separately, and accounted for separately in the publishers financial management of the title. The pharmaceutical company does not demand that the cost of buying advertising space is offset against any library subscriptions."Bob Campbell defends double-dipping by citing journal charges for the purchase of reprints, advertising and subscriptions. That's all fine.
But what we are discussing here is the cost of publication, not of extra products or services.
Worldwide institutional subscriptions pay the cost of publication (in full, and fulsomely). It is not at all clear what extra product or service is being paid for when an author pays for hybrid Gold OA (for the paper he has given the publisher for free, to sell).
Of course it's an extra source of revenue to the hybrid Gold publisher to force the author to pay that extra money (for whatever it is that they are paying for). And let there be no doubt that the payment is indeed forced (if the hybrid Gold publisher embargoes Green). Is the extra "service," then, exemption from the publisher-imposed Green OA embargo?
(Note: If the publisher is among the 60% who endorse immediate Green OA, then none of my objections matter in the least, and I couldn't care less if the publisher earns the extra revenue from those authors who are silly enough to pay for hybrid Gold OA when they could have had the same, cost-free, by just providing Green OA.)
But the publisher who embargoes Green and then pockets the extra revenue derived from hybrid Gold, over and above subscriptions, without even reducing subscription charges proportionately, is indeed charging twice for publication, i.e., double-dipping (and offering absolutely nothing in return except freedom from the publisher's own Green OA embargo).
Subscriptions pay the cost of publication. Print reprints are an extra product. And adverts are an extra service. But hybrid OA is merely fool's gold, if paid unforced. And if forced by a publish embargo, there is a word to describe the practice, but I will not use it, as a publisher has already once threatened to sue me for libel if I do So let's just call it double-dipping, with no extra product or service...
Alice Meadows (Social Relations at Wiley, and one of the "chefs" in SSP's Scholarly Kitchen) replied:As I have already pointed out in my reply to Bob Campbell, above, what matters incomparably more (to research, researchers, and the tax-payers who fund them) than whether or not a hybrid Gold publisher double-dips is whether the publisher embargoes Green -- because when a hybrid Gold publisher embargoes Green, authors who want to make their article immediately OA are forced to pay for hybrid Gold -- with nothing in exchange for the money except freedom from the embargo. (Any added frills co-bundled with it were not asked for, hence certainly no justification for being forced to pay for immediate OA in order to be freed from a publisher-imposed embargo.)"Most major publishers, including Wiley, now have a policy on subscription pricing for hybrid journals (aka double dipping). Ours can be found here."
Wiley-Blackwell is among the 40% of publishers that embargo Green OA. Hence (unlike a hybrid Gold publisher like Cambridge University Press, which does not embargo Green) Wiley-Blackwell is forcing authors to pay for hybrid Gold OA as the only way to provide immediate OA to their articles. That the extra hybrid Gold revenue (despite Bob Campbell's attempt to justify hybrid Gold revenue as not constituting double-dipping at all) is not in fact being double-dipped by Wiley -- but given back as a rebate to all subscribing institutions -- is no consolation for the author who has to pay it, in full, hence again no justification for being forced to pay for immediate OA in order to be freed from a publisher-imposed embargo. (Hybrid Gold authors did not ask to subsidize worldwide institutional subscription prices with their individual payment.)
Using OA embargoes to guarantee current subscription revenues is not a fair or acceptable means of transition to universal, affordable, sustainable OA and will inevitably be exposed and seen to be exactly what it is: an attempt by (part of) the publishing community to hold the research community hostage to sustaining their current subscription revenues -- hence over-priced (and potentially double-dipped) Fool's Gold, paid over and above what must continue to be paid by institutions for subscriptions -- instead of allowing Green OA to induce the natural evolution toward post-Green Fair Gold.
Posted by Stevan Harnad in Publishing Costs at 17:54 | Comment (1) | Trackbacks (0)
Friday, October 11. 2013
Pre-Green Fool's-Gold and Post-Green Fair-Gold OA
I would be surprised if there weren't subscription journals that would have accepted the Bohannon bogus paper for publication too.
But I would be even more surprised if as high a proportion of subscription journals -- matched for field, age, size and impact-factor -- would have accepted Bohannon's bogus paper as did the pay-to-publish OA journals ("Gold OA").
Subscription journals have to maintain enough of an appearance of peer review to sustain their subscriptions. Pay-to-publish Gold OA journals just have to maintain enough of an appearance of peer review to attract authors (and maybe the lure of pay-to-publish is enough to attract many authors in our publish-or-perish world without even the appearance of peer review, especially when the journal choice is justified by the fashionable allure -- or excuse -- of the journal's being an OA journal).
This problem would not be remedied by just lowering Gold OA journal publication fees.
Nor is it a systemic problem of peer review.
It is a problem of peer review for pay-to-publish Gold OA journals at a time when there is still far too little OA and most journals are still subscription journals, most authors are still confused about OA, many think that OA is synonymous with Gold OA journals, and, most important, there are not yet enough effective mandates from research funders and institutions that require authors to make all their papers OA by depositing them in their institutional OA repositories ("Green OA"), regardless of where they were published.
If it were mandatory to make all papers Green OA, authors would simply deposit their peer-reviewed final drafts in their institutional OA repositories, free for all, immediately upon acceptance for publication. They would not have to pay to publish in Gold OA journals unless they especially wished to. Once all journal articles were being made Green OA in this way, institutions would be able to cancel all their journal subscriptions, which would in turn force all journals to cut costs and convert to Gold OA publishing at a much lower fee than is being charged now by OA journals: post-Green Fair Gold instead of today's pre-Green Fool's Gold.
But, most important, the reason the Fair Gold fee would be much lower is that the only remaining service that journals (all of them having become Gold OA) would be performing then, post-Green, would be peer review. All access-provision and archiving would be done by the global network of Green OA institutional repositories (so no more print or PDF editions or their costs). And for just peer review, journals would no longer be charging for publishing (which would then just amount to a tag certifying that the article had been accepted by journal J): they would be charging only for the peer review.
And each round of peer review (which peers do for free, by the way, so the only real cost is the qualified editor who evaluates the submission, picks the referees, and adjudicates the referee reports -- plus the referee tracking and communication software) would be paid for on a "no-fault" basis, per round of peer review, whether the outcome was acceptance, rejection, or revision and resubmission for another (paid) round of peer review.
Unlike with today's Fool's Gold junk journals that were caught by Bohannon's sting, not only will no-fault post-Green, Fair-Gold peer-review remove any incentive to accept lower quality papers (and thereby reduce the reputation of the journal) -- because the journal is paid for the peer review service in any case -- but it will help make Fair-Gold OA costs even lower, per round of peer review, because it will not wrap the costs of the rejected or multiply revised and re-refereed papers into the cost of each accepted paper, as they do now.
So post-Green Fair Gold will not only reduce costs but it will raise peer-review standards.
None of this is possible, however, unless Green OA is effectively mandated by all institutions and funders first.
Harnad, S. (2013) The Science Peer-Review "Sting": Where the Fault Lies. Open Access Archivangelism 1059
________ (2010) No-Fault Peer Review Charges: The Price of Selectivity Need Not Be Access Denied or Delayed. D-Lib Magazine 16 (7/8).
______ (2007) The Green Road to Open Access: A Leveraged Transition. In: Anna Gacs. The Culture of Periodicals from the Perspective of the Electronic Age. L'Harmattan. 99-106.
______ (1998) The invisible hand of peer review. Nature [online] (5 Nov. 1998), Exploit Interactive 5 (2000): and in Shatz, B. (2004) (ed.) Peer Review: A Critical Inquiry. Rowland & Littlefield. Pp. 235-242.
Posted by Stevan Harnad in Publishing Costs at 04:26 | Comments (0) | Trackbacks (0)
Sunday, September 22. 2013
Pre-emptive cancellation costs far, far more than it saves
Bjorn Brembs: "What you're saying here is that cancellations now are premature, because too few articles are actually available in green repositories? That libraries should hold off because otherwise we face access problems? If that is what you are saying here, then it may be worth spelling it out more clearly as for me that was not immediately obvious. Unintended consequences in publisher behavior (as you allude to above) aside, what is your opinion on using the funds of canceled subscriptions to improve repository functionality to improve green acess? This should only mean a brief interruption of service for much improved access shortly thereafter and a speeding up of the transition you envisage?"1. Cancelling journals because their policies are Green -- i.e., because they do not embargo Green OA self-archiving -- is both absurd and destructive: It simply encourages journals to adopt embargoes.
2. Cancelling journals because (some of) their articles are Green is premature and self-defeating: Less than 20% of journal articles are unembargoed Green (i.e., immediate) OA today, and they are distributed randomly across all journals. Hence to cancel any particular journal because the proportion of its articles that is available Green today exceeds this global average is, again, just to penalize that journal, perversely (as well as jeopardizing the growth of Green OA itself, gratuitously).
The time to consider cancelling journals is once Green OA mandates and hence Green OA are at or near 100% globally, and hence the proportion of journal articles that are green OA is at or near 100%. At this point all journals will be at or near 100% and the global cancellation pressure will affect all of them, forcing them all to cut inessential costs, downsize, and convert to Fair Gold OA. (Then -- and only then -- is the time to redirect a fraction of each institution's annual subscription cancellation windfall savings to pay the much-reduced Fair-Gold publication fees for the institution's authors' own annual article output, affordably and sustainably. Trying instead to start doing this now, pre-emptively -- while percentage Green is still low, Green growth is still slow and unstable, subscriptions to core journals still have to be paid, and Fool's Gold is still over-priced and double-paid (and double-dipped, if hybrid Fool's-Gold) -- would be a profound failure to think ahead.
In sum, to cancel journals now based on the percentage of their articles that are accessible as Green OA now would be as as short-sighted and futile as it would be counterproductive: Like the Finch Fiasco and Stevan Harnad in Publishing Costs at 15:56 | Comment (1) | Trackbacks (0)
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|London, United Kingdom
Key people
|Joe Garner (Chief Executive)[1]
|BT Group
Openreach is the infrastructure division of the British telecommunications company BT Group. It was established in 2006 following an agreement between BT and Ofcom to implement certain undertakings, pursuant to the Enterprise Act 2002, to ensure that rival telecom operators have equality of access to BT's local network.[2][3]
Openreach manages BT's local access network which connects customers to their local telephone exchange, starting at the Main Distribution Frame (MDF) in the exchange and ending at the network termination point (NTP) at the end user's premises. Openreach also manages the connections between the MDF and the BT Wholesale/Local Loop Unbundling (LLU) termination points located in the exchange, often referred to as jumper connections.
Following the Telecommunications Strategic Review (TSR), in September 2005 British Telecom signed Undertakings with Ofcom. The resulting organisation, Openreach, opened for business in January 2006 and reports directly into the BT chief executive.
Today, the company is structured such that it is a wholly owned subsidiary of British Telecommunications plc (BT), which itself includes the four separately managed businesses and virtually all other assets of the BT Group.
In July 2010 Openreach signed an £800 million contract with ECI Telecom to help it service and create a fibre-optic network serving 18 million households in the UK.[4] The deal was the largest in ECI's history.
Field engineers install and maintain the physical network wiring from the telephone exchange into end customers' premises on behalf of 537 communication providers (CPs) which sell services directly to end customers.
Openreach engineers visit around 29,500 homes and offices every weekday on behalf of its customers, the CPs, make 80,800 provision visits on copper, fibre and TV, and manage 90,000 repairs to its copper, fibre and broadband networks every week, remove around 40,000 unused cable connections from its exchanges and provide another 75,000 every day.
Every week they also deal with 650 Network break downs due to damage, theft and weather, test 12,000 poles and replace 920, replace 85 cables and street cabinets, fix 100 low wires and connect another 3,000 newsite plots to its network.[5]
Telecoms provider customers who have problems cannot directly contact Openreach and have to go indirectly through their reseller. Openreach are accountable to each of the telecoms providers, as well as Ofcom. In July 2014, Ofcom completed a review of Openreach's service, resulting in mandated performance levels on key services.[6]
- ^ BT Press Releases: Joe Garner to be CEO of Openreach
- ^ Undertakings given to Ofcom by BT pursuant to the Enterprise Act 2002
- ^ Ofcom's Strategic Review of Telecommunications
- ^ ECI's BT contract (Yedioth Ahronoth)
- ^ Openreach's website: Our organisation. Retrieved 27 August 2014
- ^ http://stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/telecoms/ga-scheme/specific-conditions-entitlement/market-power/fixed-access-market-reviews-2014/
External links[edit]

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Established in 1936, visitors enjoy 40 hectares (99 acres) of beautifully
maintained gardens, including perennials, rhododendrons, azaleas, a formal
parterre garden, shade, herb and vegetable plantings, an aviary as well as our
world-famous rose garden featuring over 2,400 roses. Footpaths wind past the
Butterfly Conservatory and butterfly garden, ponds and an arboretum featuring
one of our country's finest collections of ornamental trees and shrubs.
The Niagara Parks Botanical Gardens are truly an enriching experience for all
The planted face is maintained by Niagara Parks horticulture staff,
while the mechanism is kept in working order by Ontario Hydro, the
organization that originally built the clock. The intricate
designs on the face of the timepiece are created with up to 16,000
carpet bedding plants. The floral design is changed twice each year - it features
viola in the Spring and four cultivars of Alternanthera along with
green and grey forms of Santolina Sage during the Summer and Fall. California
Golden Privet and Blue Festuca Grass may be used for contrast.
Outdoors - Open daily year-round, dawn until dusk
2565 Niagara Parkway, 9 kilometers (6 miles) north
of the Canadian Horseshoe Falls near the Lewiston-Queenston International
All of our rooms are smoke free.
We accept the following payment methods:
No pets please.
[ Home ] [ Up ]


text:
NHL: Coyotes' Tippet To Coach Worlds
Although the Phoenix Coyotes didn't make the postseason, coach Dave Tippet won't be getting much off time this offseason. Tippet has been tapped to coach Team Canada at the World Hockey Championship in Belarus. For more information on this
Is Canada The Best Olympic Hockey Team Ever?
Ray Shero of the Penguins believes that Canada may be the greatest Olympic Hockey Team ever.
Canada Remains Dominant Over USA In Hockey
Another disappointing day for USA Hockey
Team USA: Eddie Olczyk, Jeremy Roenick and Pierre McGuire Interview
When the puck drops this morning at around 11:30 a.m. ET the United States will face their arch rivals Canada in the Olympic hockey semi final game. As you might expect the NBC hockey crew that will call the
USA vs. Canada Semifinal Preview
A quick look at the anticipated matchup between Canada and the USA.
Olympics: What are you doing for lunch?
Tomorrow's highly-anticipated men's ice hockey semifinal between the Team USA and Canada will be presented across NBCSN, NBCOlympics.com and the NBC Sports Live Extra app, reaching viewers at home, at work and on the go. Coverage begins at 11:30 a.m. ET/8:30 a.m.
Paul Stasny: 'US and Canada Will Be The Meaning of Intense'
Paul Stasny, like every other American and Canadian, are anticipating a classic showdown Friday.
Team Canada, Meet Latvia
Canada will play Switzerland in the medal round, right? Wrong.
Questions Arise Regarding Canada's Goaltending
People are starting to question the potential of Canada's goaltending and how they will perform during the Sochi games.
USA And Canada Are Back At It, Ready To Win The Gold
Canada is looking to repeat and Team USA is ready for redemption.


text:
Auto journalists love food. So if you're an automaker that's looking to get some hot ink about your brand-new food trucks, bringing them to an auto show during press days is a sure-fire way to get their attention. Well, as long as they're stocked with tasty edibles.
Nv 2500 Hd


text:
Bones Spoilers: Romance Drama! Which Couple Might Be Headed for a Breakup? — Update
All is not well on the romance front when Bones Season 7 returns this Spring!
First, we heard that Angela (Michaela Conlin) will strike up a flirtation with a free-spirited artist named Twerpski. While we're sure her husband Hodgins (TJ Thyne), can't be too excited about this potential competition, Michaela Conlin confirmed that Twerpski won't pose any real threat to the couple. Jack and Ange are solid, guys. No worries!
However, we're not sure we can say the same about Sweets (John Francis Daley) and his girlfriend Daisy (Carla Gallo).
While thing initially seem to be heating up between the two when Bones returns on April 2 — TV Guide is reporting that Daisy comes down with a serious case of "baby fever" after meeting Baby Bones — that doesn't mean it will be smooth sailing for the couple.
E! Online is teasing a big storyline in the works for Sweets — and "it includes getting a new partner and possibly a new romance? Bones is looking for a recurring character to play both!" TV Guide adds that this mystery lady is "an acerbic, fresh-out-of-the-academy FBI agent who might not keep things exactly professional with her new partner."
Of course, Sweets getting a "possible new romance" doesn't have to mean that he and Daisy will break up. But it appears that there will be a new love triangle, at least.
So now we have to ask, are you heartbroken that Daisy might be losing her precious Lancelot... or are you actually a bit excited about the split? This twosome didn't make our list of TV's Most Annoying Couples for no reason... right?
Source: E! Online, TV Guide
Need your daily dose of Bones? Like us on Facebook or follow us on Twitter.


text:
Heritage Hills Condominums
Somers New York
Heritage Hills of Westchester County [formally an age restricted 55+ Active Adult Community] is a condominium community located in Somers NY. This community in Northern Westchester was designed to enhance the quality of living for its residents. It is a self contained complex of over 2,500 unites on 1,100 acres of beautiful countryside, 40% of which will remain as open space.
Heritage Hills offers an abundance of activities and events that will keep just about anyone busy having fun. Somers Pointe Golf Club is a privately run club with a 9-hole and 18-hole golf course. An Activity Center holds a heated swimming pool, tennis and paddle tennis courts, billiards, bridge and woodworking rooms. The Activities Center also has many rooms for the numerous clubs and organizations that the residents enjoy. The clubs are so plentiful they can peak anyones interest, ranging from sculpting to gardening. The Activities Center also has art studios, a private library and theatre. Nearby, a state of the art fitness center with exercise equipment, a whirlpool bath, sauna and lockers.
Heritage Hills is conveniently located close to I-84 and I-684. A private shuttle service runs to and from the Metro North Croton Falls NY train station and local shopping centers. In addition Heritage Hills provides 24-hour Security and EMT Emergency Medical Technicians.
Although Heritage Hills is no longer age restricted, if you are looking for a 55+ Active Adult Community type setting, then it's worth your time to consider Heritage Hills of Somers New York.
Contact us for first class representation and exceptional client services.
Call us today home office 914-248-1800 or click here to contact us.
No listings were found matching your search criteria.
Properties marked with the icon are provided courtesy of HGMLS and are not the listings of Charles Rutenberg Realty. Any use of search facilities other than by a consumer seeking to purchase or lease real estate is prohibited.
© 2011 Hudson Gateway Multiple Listing Service, Inc. All rights reserved.


text:
full size poster available here (PDF)
Thursday, April 25, 2013, 6:00 PM - Center for Creative Photography Auditorium
(press release)
Tom Holm (Creek/Cherokee) came to The University of Arizona in 1980 as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Political Science. He was promoted to Associate Professor in 1986 and to Full Professor in 1995. In 1982 Professor Holm, Robert K. Thomas, Larry Evers, Vine Deloria, Jr., Emory Sekaquaptewa and N. Scott Momaday developed the M.A. program in American Indian Studies. In 1994, Professor Holm transferred full time to the American Indian Studies Program. He has taught over fifteen Native-related courses, nine of which he developed.


text:
25 years of weather proves unkind to Daniel Wertz time capsule
West Side elementary observes 125th birthday
EVANSVILLE - Rain and mud didn't stop more than 500 people from visiting Daniel Wertz Elementary School Friday evening to be reminded of what they had placed in a time capsule when the school was relocated from Delmar Avenue to South Red Bank Road 25 years ago.
Opened in 1886 as Howell Elementary, the school was renamed in 1922 in honor of Wertz, an Evansville businessman.
Among the school's former staff and alumni anxiously awaiting the excavation of memories buried in the school's courtyard were two of Wertz's grandchildren, Daniel Wertz Mitchell, 84, and Claude Wertz, 80.
However, when the capsule was revealed, it quickly became apparent that the weather of a quarter century had not been kind to it. Much of what was in the time capsule — old newspaper clippings, pictures and video tapes — had been ruined.
"Oh, it's all wet," Beth (Jost) Lehman, 36, said with a frown.
Opening of the time capsule was part of the celebration of the school's 125th birthday. People gathered to share old stories and reminisce the past. Pictures lined the hallways, and yearbooks were on display, and memorabilia from 1886, when the school was established.
Daniel Wertz Principal Mike Taylor said it's an exciting time "to puff our chest out and have a lot of pride in who we are as Daniel Wertz Eagles."
After 100 years at the corner of what is now Delmar Avenue and Emerson Street, was relocated in 1987 to its current site on South Red Bank Road in 1987.
Jessica (Williams) Hopple, 35, was a student in the first fifth-grade class that graduated from the new location. She was excited to see old friends, teachers Friday evening and find out what she put in the time capsule.
"I have no idea what I put in there," Hopple laughed and said. "I thought, 'Oh, gosh, what did you say when you were 10- years-old?'"
The group used the old time capsule as a learning experience and said they would need to put items in a different container in the future.
During the school day Friday, students celebrated with a schoolwide assembly, where everyone joined together to sing "Happy Birthday" and the Sugarland country music hit "Stuck Like Glue," to symbolize the closeness of the school and community. One student from each of the school's 14 homerooms placed memorabilia and essential items from the current decade to put into a new time capsule scheduled to be excavated 25 years from now.
According to Taylor, it's vital the students understand their roots, heritage and celebrate the culture of the community.
"This community, Howell, fought very hard to save this school years ago, and if it weren't for the spirit and determination of this community, Daniel Wertz might have been torn down and it could be a forgotten piece of history," Taylor said. "So it's very important to make sure that they understand where they came from, how it began and how we continue to evolve it."
Fifth graders Mikaila Lindsey and Michael Rollett, both 11, were excited for the birthday celebration on Friday afternoon.
Lindsey said the school's history is important to her family.
"Especially to my dad because my dad was at the old Daniel Wertz," Lindsey said. "So whenever he saw it in the newspaper for the first time he said he wanted to frame it, he was really excited."
Rollett agreed and said, "It means a lot mainly since almost my whole family has been through and graduated from here."
Both plan to return in 25 years to see their time capsule re-emerge.
After reading Wertz's biography, Taylor said Wertz understood the value of an education.
"I think he would be very proud to have his name affixed to this school," Taylor said.
Subscribe to the Courier & Press or The Gleaner
Need Help? Call us at 1-877-304-7771.
Monday-Friday: 6am-5pm / Saturday: 6am-11am / Sunday: 7am-Noon


text:
McLaren P1 vs Bugatti Veyron vs Huayra vs One-77 vs Venom
How does the McLaren P1 compare to the wildest modern hypercars? Only Top Gear has driven the lot…
Posted: 26 Nov 2013
The Huayra is a different beast. It's more theatrical than the P1, more artistic, more expressive. Compare the interiors if you want a physical manifestation of the attitudes of the two cars: both beautiful in their own way, but where the P1 is stark, focused and modernist, the Huayra is baroque, bonkers and brilliant.
Both have engines that will stand the hairs on the back of your neck to strict attention and work your neck muscles, but the P1 plays with the KERS-style electric motor to cover turbo lag and deliver a useable ev-mode.
The P1 also rides much better than the Huayra, especially at low speeds, and has an inch-perfect dual-clutch 'box – the Pagani has a slightly tardy-in-comparison single-shafted sequential. All of which makes the P1 feel more cohesive overall, more polished. It's not as joyous as the Huayra, but there's a depth to it that deserves respect.
The truth is that at this end of the market, there isn't a rubbish car to point and laugh at. They are all, in their own way, eminently desirable, and an owner could justify his purchase in a myriad of ways.
For Jeremy Clarkson's world exclusive take on the McLaren P1, you need this month's Top Gear magazine, OUT NOW or available to download on iPad right here


text:
Naughty daughter, who has often fantasized herself fuck with her daddy, cannot help taking breathtakingly nice opportunity of taking a glance at daddy's cock while he's asleep. Yeah, sinful chick walks into the bedroom and finds her daddy sleep there. Without any hesitations stunning blonde chick lowers father's black swimming trunks and goes wild on seeing his cock. The very fact that she is doing something really filthy and wild drives cute chick completely mad. She wakes daddy up by giving him a good oral job.
Horny dad fondles daughter's sweet breasts while she's still teasing his dick. The desire of having crazy father daughter incest fuck grows stronger now and naughty chick simply sits on daddy's stiff cock in pleasurable anticipation to ride it all over. Cute girl has ridden many guys' cocks already, but she couldn't even imagine that her daddy's cock might be so pleasant to ride on. Lustful chick keeps riding daddy's throbbing cock and gets maximum sweet pleasure of that. In fact, horny chick deserves getting fucked properly. In the end of wonderful daughter-on-father sex lippy cute girl gets her wet lips covered with load of hot sperm. She feels completely satisfied with incest fuck now.
nicole nyabera:
I have always envy my dad, i one day saw him coming from bathroom and his towel fell down, Oh i saw his huge cock and immediately the desire to have it in me came, i dont know how to approach him.
Thanks & best regard.
I am un marriged and age of 35 ,but have a thurst to joy with daughter till know and ever, with a age of 20-45. Hopes sexual honour, like and love as papa from all you.
This nice and joy over time!
That looks so fucking good!
I just love the look on the daughter's face with her daddy's cock inside her…………..again, it looks so good!!!
i am so horny now because it is so fucking good
red king:
Wow it's amazing chick u really enjoyed.
u should join me….
mmm i dream of that
Really it's good. I frequently fuck my little sister. Very nice to see a daughter fucker…..
i want to fuck my daddy one day
i have seen his huge dick before and dream of riding it and sucking it one day
my fantasy is that my daddy bend me over and slowly fucks me till i cum so hard!
Daddys Favorite:
Helping mommy to keep daddy's cock sucked was our secret even as I get older I love it & love when he cums in my mouth mmmmm.
I'm 25 year old and i have sex with my 20 year old sister since she was 18 and we still enjoying when we were just in the house..
i wanted to fuck my teacher at school but the teacher fuck me first i don know what to do with her
I wana fuck my sexy daughter so bad i cant stand it! Anybody have any ideas please help! firstname.lastname@example.com
If anyone in Bangalore India is interested to have a good fuck, im game.. any gal below the age of 28 is welcome… all the ones that i have taken out,, say im great in bed.. im an entertainer, and anyone wishing for some entertainment, let me know.
how do i get my duaghter to fuck me
ill love to pound my sister but dont know how to go about it
My brother's daughter sucked my dick till I sprayed out ooh man.
I enjoyed my little sister while growing up with both dad and mom,then for years i have enjoyd family fun with my 3 daughters with my wife… loved it,I say if there is consent then have fun and enjoy!my daughters all grew up very healthy in body and mind,they just love sex more,we still have special get togethers.We also had a special pet.I would like toi meet other men or women for email/chat sharing fanticies and friendship.
i love rideing my dads cock its so good and i love when he fucks my ass till we both cum
i had sex with my sister in chilhood and now dreaming of having daughter to make sex with her
sex between father and daughter and between mother and son is the best love and fantassy on yhis earth
daddys girl:
I wish my dad would just fuck me until i bleed and rape me i wish he would tie me up and treat me like im his slave
so horny:
i wanna fuck my daddy now ..one time i was "sleeping" and my dad came in my room n started sucking one my boobs and just gtting me horny so we just went for it n i dont care im 19 now so its legal i just hope my mom doesnt find out
I love fuckin my 18 year old daughter wen she comes home from school we been at it since she was 16 she loves daddys cock inside her wound honey pot
Love to fuck young Girls lol all the bald ones the better
Only jokin I not got a daughter I just sick lol
hy my name is miss nadia. i am virgin and i like cock ( big cock).
i am very sexy and l like boys having big dick.
My dad used to want to touch me all the time and I allways thought it was wrong but now I see all these stories and makes me wonder if I should??
I finger my little daughter when she was sleeping in her very early age and while giving her bath when wife busy in kitchen i used to put fingers in her vagina with soap when she grew up to 8 years she once asked me to do all that to her till she was 5 years but any way i refused and told her to forget it
Horny daughter:
My mom was out and she told us she will stay in my grandmom's home for 2 days
my dad and I were alone
I knew that he wanted my pussy since I was 18
June 12 . I was 22 and he was 54 and
it was 11 pm. He was totally drunk and I was so Horny
I started to get naked and moan in my room when he was watching porno
this made him come to my room .after biting his lips
he started to touch my hard nipples
then I started making out with him
I think for 5 or maybe 10 minutes we were making out and he was squeezing my breasts on the floor
finally he started to press his very hard cock to my pussy
his tongue was also exploring my mouth
he set a pillow under my ass and started to fuck me and his middle finger was completely in my ass. oh yes my dad's cock was fully in. after 1 hour
I think I was the one who was fucking him,rubbing my wet pussy to his big cock and ride on it
we couldn't stop that lustful sex till 3 am when he filled my wet pussy with his cum
yeah :) we had sex for 4 hours
after that we also had sex in hotel room, 2 times in the car,again 5 in my parents bed when my mom was out and 2 times in my uncle's bathroom
good news
we are going to have sex tomorrow
because we are both horny and we are alone again
Horny daughter:
hey guess what
I've told you I'm going to have sex with my Dad on sunday
at 11 pm again when my Mom wasn't home
he put some honey on my breasts and pussy
and started to lick me on sofa near tv.
this time like the first exprience we decided to do it without condom
and sth new :) webcam !
I was not afraid to moan and shout this time
so I started screaming and giving him pleasure by dirty words
he had also used some technics to make his big cock , bigger for me.
I put his cock between my breasts and started to suck it slow and then hard
when I took a glance at him, his tongue was out,his saliva was on his chin and he was burning and ready to take some more steps.
he took my hand and we went to my parents bedroom
I laid down on the bed when he was on top
" fuck me like your wife Dad, my pussy is hungry for your cum"
in a blink of an eye , his cock was making love to my Gspot ( his first cum shot)
my wide open legs were around him . my hands on his ass,scratching them
french kissing was even making me want him more ( second cum shot)
he made me sit down on his cock in a face to face position
grabing my ass,squeezing them harder than before(third cum shot) my pussy was sooooooo wet.
suddenly he started to pull in harder
I felt pain and asked him to slow down
since he wasn't listening to me I started to cry
not only he didn't stop but he also increased the speed and pressure.(forth cum shot)I think he was actually raping me like a sex slave.
seconds later i felt warmth and lust in the depth my pussy.(my first orgasm) the feeling was just so amazing.
he made it slow and I laid on him.
he told me I'm the sexiest woman he has ever seen
and since I was 16 he was thinking of fucking me
we both promised not to let my mom know
next week on friday my uncle is on vacation and Dad promised me to have sex in his house.
this means my pussy will be fucked for 5 days,every night.
I can't wait to feel him in again.
I'm gonna send you my horny clips byyyyyee
to Horny daughter
I can post here your clip! ;)
ECBLeC I'm not eaisly impressed. . . but that's impressing me! :)
i wanna fuck rough and hard one of a tight naughty daughter. Wow sweaty you want my dick for suck. Yeah come 69. Oh tight. Once a day come again email@example.com
Horny daughter:
friday night was a horny one for both of us
He could't stop fucking me
we did it everywhere
on the floor
in bed
in bathroom
on the table
my phone was ringing several times
and I couldn't even pick it up and shut it down
2 short clips from sunday night
and 30 photos from every where we did it
where to post them?
to Raween
how rough you do it?
Please send me an e-mail email@example.com, I'll post them on this blog. ;)
girl in need:
I just envy you Horny Daughter!
How can I seduce my father like you?
I want his cock so bad :(
hi NADIA .I am also an unmerried 29 yr handsome guy. may we be for each other to full fill our need. i never fuk any one b4.
Ernesto DIzon:
Sex is very presuasive,it makes my cock stands in the 12 o,clock all the time,one thing I,m sure I,m not a pervert ;but my niece jumps on me with open arms and legs,it just hit me in the center of my stick,and she is only 8 years old?,but she told me ,she wants to see my dick? I said no thats bad,,she does it all the time ;when her Mom is in the kitchen,one time all of a sudden she touch my pleasure-stick,I said no ,dont do that its bad,and she did it again? is she real horny ,at such an early age? I wonder, but I ,ve see her vigina when she came out of he bath it was the most beautiful vigina I had ever seen,and it,is temptation, I would like to sex he ;but at second thought?she is sill a minor,I,m a 72 year old grand-father,and its a very big difference ;between our age,but maybe in the future ,but when she see,s me immediately my niece would come near me and touch my Licorice-stick.
Ernesto DIzon:
One time I told her lets take a ride in my car,so my niece ;like any other child ,shouted:YAY,but when we were inside,my niece immediately touch my stick ;I said do not touch my private part,,but some how my niece runs ,on deaf ear she was wearing a mini-mini skirt,and for a child of that age;she got a very beautiful thighs,it,s really proportioned and balance,then I did touch her thighs,she took my hands and put it on her private part,in fact,my niece lifted up her mini skirt,and she was wearing a pink panty-thongs,;half of the cheek of her private part was reveal,I,really gone crazy ,I was temted too,she said can I see your stick? I said why,?I like to see how it looks like,I said no,your Mom knows about it ?I,ll get hell.and she said no secret will get out ;it,s between you and me,what shall I do?she is so horny;I could have F**k her but with-held the temtation ;partly because she is a minor.and under-age girl,but she facinates me,cuz she is very very beautiful too.Temptation will be my down-fall one day, cuz I can only control,limited,she likes me cuz I,m funny and friendly,not like her Mom ;always Grouchy.
i finger fuck my little daughter during bath time with my right hand and jerk off with my left hand i then stand up and spray my cum allover her little face i then tell her to suck my meat while she stands there sucking it i tell her to spread her little vagina apart i then pull out and spray her face again and during nap time i wake her up and eat her little vagina for 20 min's then watch her suck me till i burst all over her little face i then climb on top of her and push my cock up her tight vagina and watch the hole time im fucking her vagina im watching my cock going in and out of her vagina then i pull out and begin to fuck her up her tight little girl ass she can't cum yet but makes me spray alot i enen watch porn with her and fuck her little brains out while watching it i shoot cum up her little tight thick clit vagina and tight little thick ass im so horney for her elamentry school vagina mouth hands and ass i always have to fuck her none stop and cover her in cum from head to toe
rouf najar:
it's good
I love Fuck my sister…She is 12 years and very sexy…plz send me this sit abuot underage sex.9-15 years.
Sorry, but underage sex, we're not welcome, look for it on other sites internet…
if i had a best friend that mom was hot first ill let her suck my dick then ill eat her pussy so it could get wet then its doggstyle and ill nut in her pussy STRIGHT UP
Horny dad:
When my daughter was 9 she liked to pose in her bikini at the beach. I would take pics and say how sexy she was. Then i started taking her to a isolated beach and she would pose nude. I got her to take pic of me nude and hard cock. Wasnt long before she wanted to touch my cock and i was licking her. Been fucking her for years now. She is daddys girl.
what is the video i seen it but i cant find it… can someone please tell me the video of this..
why fathers do those things to their daughters? that is so fuckin nasty…. fuck man….
i lick fouck of under 12year girl
Whey all of you love forbidden fuck and will stay in the hill forever and burnt every moment while you can marry and fuck your wife for men or boys and your husband for women and girls at any time you want … Please be a fried from God ….
horny guy:
i want to fuck my little sister in law but dont know how to go about it, anyone have any ideas, she is 15 and has a stunning body, huge tits and a perfect ass that i just want to pound till she screams
i have sex with my 12 year old cousin here goes the story..
so i awoke with sperm coming out if my penis but i was thinking i am not supposed to have sex dreams at 14 so i looked up and saw my cousin rubbing my penis. i told her what was she doing her face turned red and what she told me was that a couple of her friends had said that sperm had tasted good but it turned out her friends were wrong. i took off here shirt and bra which showed her big rack i started to fuck those titties till another load of steamy white load came out. been fucking ever since
I want to see someone's dad have sex with them in real life. i only hear about this things. are these stories real?????
You fuck every relative of yours?
I was asleep when my Dad came in my room i woke to his touch and i saw a big cock for the first time and i was scared i was 12 years old with a big cock in my face so i pretend i was still asleep and he put his cock on my face and i liked it then mom came in the room and he left realy fast she didnt see him so the next time he came in ?
my wife had died.Her Mother had died,We were grief stricken.The comfort we found with one another was sweet and inocent,but one night she came to my bed i n a different way….she was thirteen years of age and most certainly sexy.I did not know what to do when she reached and took me in her hand.I pretended to be asleep,She stroked me and made the sounds of a young child,and she took me in her mouth.It was so warm and wet I could not believe the sensation that rolled over me.I moved to let her know I was aware and it was wrong.She placed a hand on my chest,pushing me down and raised her head.She was holding my erection and smiling,She looked me in the eye and said it was her place to do this for me.I submitted,and enjoyed the best blow job of my life.She is fifeteen now and so sexy.When she gets home from school she puts on stockings and garters and prepares dinner for me dressed in the most sexual of ways,you should be so lucky.Every day I bust a load on this young girls face.I feel guilty and sinfull,but I have a hard-on for her now.
i been having desires for me do thtat with my dad but i have not talked to him i am daddys girl but i never seen my dad in that light is there men out there would let me call them daddy. i been reading all these stories and turned on
I enjoyed sex with my father growing up. It was a learning experience that I began to crave. It wasn't long before the initial embarrassment turned into desire. I am happy that my father started me on sex back then. It was exciting to be treated like I was something special. I began to masturbate like silly from a very early age.
pedo fier:
my girl only bout 8, she can now handle me real good….I am bout a little over 7 inch and I tought and broke her real good
daddys lil girl:
I want to have sex with my brother again but I don't know how to tell him and all these stories are turning me on
I like watching incest stuff but I am a 40 year old guy and I have never done anything like this, however if there are any young ladies in here that want to pretend I am their dad or brother and live in the birmingham area please contact me on my email firstname.lastname@example.com, thanks
hey daddys naughty lil girls im here for you id like to be your daddy;) im Dalton text me 804 901 5533 daddy like to show you something;)
hi all you daddy's little girls love to be your daddy I'm Geoff E mail me on firstname.lastname@example.com daddy has a surprise for my little girl;)
you will love it
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hi to you all daddys little play things daddy's big cock loves young pussy make daddy so happy love to have a daddy's girl to make my cock grow big and strong you can e mail me on firstname.lastname@example.com
his is my first time really doing this kind of thing. See my wife had left me about eight months ago, have no ideal where she is. So it is just me and Natasha. My interests have always been with my wife, kind of a virgin, we married young and never had many girlfriends.
My kinky tastes were awoken I guess you would say when I took my daughter for her yearly checkup two weeks ago. I had never attended her checkups and didn't know what to expect. During her checkup the pediatrician had her on her back, wearing only panties, I was shocked when he took hold of them and started to pull them down. My daughter just stared at him and even lifted her bottom to help this man remove her panties. I held my breath as I was transfixed on his hands pushing her knees apart. Her puffy hairless mound came into view to me and this other man. I had never seen my daughter like this, standing up yes, but laying on her back, legs completely open, her pussy raising above her pelvic as naked as the day she was born. The exam was quick, he opened her lips, looked at her and then pulled up her panties. I was stunned. It was all I could think of for days. All I could do was think about that guy touching my daughter. I masturbated almost everyday and tried to think of how to find another situation to where my little seven year old would be able to be touched by a grown man without me going to jail or prison.
Then it came to me. The next day I went to the University medical library. I read on examining children and found out that the doctor could give a preteen a pelvic exam, using a pediatric speculum. I read the symptoms that require such a exam and decided to find a male doctor to perform this examination on my seven year old daughter.
The hospital ER's wouldn't commit. After five peditricians refused, I had to rethink this. I read some more and found out that these exams were performed before the new medical equipment. So, I decided to call family doctors over sixty. Karma came into play, when I called MY old family doctor that my mother took me to. He was still practicing. I spoke to the nurse and explained that I wanted to bring in my seven year old for a complete pelvic exam. That I had taken her to the ER and they barely examined her and the problem continues. She placed me on hold to check with the doctor and returned a few minutes later with an appointment. I wanted to be sure and asked if the doctor used antisteshe, the nurse immediately replied, no, but that I will be there to hold her. That sent a jolt of electricity striaght to my cock. I couldn't wait for the appointment in two days.
On the day, i explained to Natasha that she was going for her regular checkup and dressed her in her blue Mickey Mouse dress, pink panties and sandels. At the doctors, as i filled out the forms, I checked out the waiting patients. Some old people, adults and three children. The children were all mexician, interesting. Thirty minutes later we were called. The nurse, who was about as old as the sixty year old doctor led us to an examination room. She showed me a small paper gown on the exam table for Natasha and wanted me to have her empty her bladder. The doctor was also running late she said.
I did not want my daughter wearing this bulky gown as the doctor touched her, I wanted to see everything. After having Natasha go pee, I pulled her dress off and removed her shoes. As Natasha climbed on the table, I placed the gown under her dress on the counter.
We waited and waited. The doctor and nurse came rushing in after twenty minutes. My old doctor, I kind of remember. He was tall, slim and had long boney fingers. He glaced at my daughter sitting on the exam table as he picked up the chart. The nurse went and started to set up a small stainless steel table with items on it. The doctor asked how long, what has been done and has Natasha been stating with family or friends. It's been hurting down there for two weeks, the ER gave us some useless cream and no. Okay he said and gave me a paper to sigh giving him consent to examine my daughter. I signed it and went and stood by the exam table. The doctor washed his hands and pulled a stool and light towards the end of the exam table. He stood at the end of the table, explained to my daughter that he was going to feel her belly and bottom to see if he could find where it hurts.
Here was my little girl again, getting ready to be touched by a strange man. So my daughter allowed this tall old man to push her down on her back. Her eyes followed his hands as they moved to the side of her hips, his fingers nimblely hooking her panties to slid them down her hanging legs and in a flash, he was handing them to the nurse. Not a word from my daughter as she laid there completely naked in front of this man, who was uncovering the small table.
There wasn't much on it. Gloves, oitment and a long metal funnel that look kind of old. The nurse was softly talking to Natasha that everything would be okay and that the doctor would be finished soon. Natasha ignored her as she watched the doctor down by her feet. He sit down on the stool and turned on the light, aiming it towards her. As the doctor took both hands and grabbed her underneath her knees, he lifted them up, slid her towards him until her bottom was at the edge of the table, placing her feet back on the table. My daughter remained quiet and just watched as she was positioned by this man. The doctor ajusted the light and moved closer to my daughter's exposed sex. I was watching my daughter's face and her expressions while I kept a direct line of sight on the doctor. I was surprised that he didn't put on any gloves to examine her.
Getting started, he placed on hand on her inner thigh, way up, close to her exposed sex. He gently pushed that thigh over and holding it there, his other hand went to her little hairless lips. As his fingers touched her flesh, my cock jerked in my pants. Holding her little lips open, his other hand felt her. His fingers moving all over her. My eyes moved to my daughters face as this mans large hands touched her immature little hairless pussy. I was amazed to see her staring down her belly at this man, her breath was short and sharp as every once in awhile her bottom jerked up and her legs arched slightly. His bare fingers feeling her, holding her hairless pussy lips and pulling them apart. With her lips pulled wide, I watched him use his thumbs to feel her little clit, which was right in front of his eyes. My cock jerked as I saw him do this. He must of felt my daughter's child clit getting hard. I could see it, under his thumb, getting bigger. In a moment it was fully erect, and then as he examined it, my daughter stared at the ceiling and slightly arched her back.
Finishing this, the doctor uncovered a nearby tray and that is when I saw it. A small plastic speculum. The size of my small finger and about four inches long. Oh my god i thought, my little girl was going to have something for the very first time pushed up into her body. My mind was reeling as I tried to imagine my seven year old daughter feeling this. I wanted to watch her face as she felt this little piece of plastic fill up her vagina. I didn't have to wait long, as the doctor sprayed something on the speculum, he was again between my daughters legs and with one hand holding her pussy open, he lined up the speculum and pushed the tip in.
I could take hours telling this, but I wanted to send it to you as I want to know if this excites you and if you wanted me to continue. See after the doctors visit, my new desires is to watch my daughter being touched by another man sexually, like in a mens room and I was wondering if you had every done that or would be interested in do it.
Please write me and let me know what. And if yes, what would you do and how far would you go. I am soooooo hard right now.
Waiting to hear from you, Chris
Contact me for more about the doctor and my daughter…. email@example.com
Nice story have you ever touched her yourself?
Once when i was younger, I woke up in the middle of the night because my mom was grinding my back. a couple years after, she was half asleep in a recliner( with her legs spread), so I pulled down her pants, and started fucking her. she moaned "stop" and "no" at first, but eventually she was gripping my back moaning in a different way. i came so much inside her. now when we're alone we fuck all over the house. especially when my dad is at work.


text: For nearly a quarter of a century, a dedicated group of volunteers has gathered early in October to rescue fish trapped in a drained irrigation canal. Peigan Friends Along the River returned Saturday to the Lethbridge Northern Irrigation District canal northwest of Fort Macleod to return thousands of fish to the Oldman River. "It's been…Continue Reading


text:
CEDAR RAPIDS, Iowa -- High winds are causing more power outages, and wind and drifting snow are hampering crews' efforts to restore service. Alliant Energy says it may be Friday before all are restored.
More than 11,000 Linn County customers, most in Cedar Rapids, are now without power as high winds bring down lines in the Marion area, according to Alliant spokesman Ryand Stensland.
"We lost part of Marion due to a downed line on Highway 13," Stensland emailed. "We have had galloping lines in that area, impacting both Cedar Rapids and Marion."
About 23,000 Alliant customers are without power across the system.
"Looks like 24 hours before we get most back on as our crews are having a bugger of a time getting anywhere right now with travel," Stensland wrote in an email.
"Weather is playing a factor in getting the folks back on in Urbana and looks like it may be this evening before we can get them back on," Stensland emailed.
About 400 Urbana customers lost power when a transmission line went down at 4:42 a.m. Crews initially hoped to restore service by 1 p.m.
About 13,000 Alliant Energy customers, most of them in Tama, Marshall, and Jasper counties, are without power.
Outages continue for about 1,400 Cedar Rapids area customers and 600 in Walford.
"The wind is the primary culprit in causing the outage," he said. "Getting the power restored, that's where the snow comes in. It's making some areas almost impassable. It's a heavy snow, and especially in the rural areas it's a challenge."
"We haven't moved crews from one part of the state to another, just because we're still in the middle of a storm," Stensland said.
Cedar Rapids, Iowa News, Sports, and Weather


text:
FL unemployment highest in 33 years
Mitch E. Perry
WMNF Drive-Time News Friday | Listen to this entire show:
Floridaâs unemployment rate soared to 9.4% last month, the highest rate in nearly 33 years. In the Tampa Bay area, itâs now at 10.2%.
The state unemployment is dramatically higher than a year ago, when it was at 5.2%.
Rebecca Rust is the Chief Economist for the Agency for Workforce Innovation For Florida. She says there are almost 400,000 fewer jobs in Florida than a year ago.
Rust says the unemployment numbers don't include what the Government classifies as 'Discouraged Workers'. That is, those who are out of a job and want one, but are not actively seeking work. She says if those workers were included, it would make the numbers released today even worse.
The only sectors that saw job growth are private education and health care. In the Tampa Bay area, the worst county is Hernando, with over 12% unemployment. Pasco county is over 10%, Pinellas right at 10%, and Hillsborough is at 9.7%.
Monies awarded to Florida through the economic stimulus package are just now beginning to trickle down into the state. Rust says it was far too early to detect any impact yet. She says there are great expectations, though, beginning with the $25 extra a week in benefits that will now go to the unemployed.
An earlier report from the Agency For Workforce Innovation said that unemployment would probably peak at 10.2% in Florida early next year. Rust says that may have been too optimistic.
Some Republican members of the state Legislature said earlier this week that they are hesitant to accept another potential $1.1 billion in federal aid for unemployment benefits. They believe that taking the money now would mean a hardship later for Florida companies that pay into the state's unemployment insurance fund.comments powered by Disqus


text:
History of Dunhill cigarettes began in 1907 when Alfred Dunhill in London, opened his own shop where you implemented the cigarettes for influential people. In mid-1990, this brand came into the possession of Rothmans, but after a few years, as a result of a merger, the British American Tobacco. Starting in 2003, the promotion of Dunhill International around the world reached a new level. For these cigarettes specially introduced a concept of "super affordable, in other words, as consumers Dunhill was provided middle class. Getting cigarettes were distributed only in specialty stores and various retail chains. To date, Dunhill produced more than 60 countries. One of the main hype of the brand is: "Who is tired of Dunhill, to tired to live!".
>> Glamour cigarettes


text:
Er, has anyone seen Dame Judi by any chance?
Posted: June 03, 2009|
TV CREWS have descended on a village to film scenes from the hit BBC drama Cranford.
The critically acclaimed period drama will be returning to BBC One this Christmas in a two-part special feature.
And producers are this week filming at Foxfield Colliery, off Godley Lane, Dilhorne, and Foxfield Railway.
The cast and crew are also using Dilhorne Village Hall and the recreation ground as a base for actors to change into period costumes.
Villagers were delighted with the arrival of the stellar cast of the drama, which follows the small absurdities and major tragedies of the people of Cranford.
Many are hoping to catch a glimpse of Dame Judi Dench, who plays the much-cherished Miss Matty Jenkyns.
Landlord of the Royal Oak, Mike Cunningham, said: "We had a couple of actors in the pub yesterday but Dame Judi Dench hasn't walked through the doors yet. The rumour is she'll be here on Thursday.
"The filming is great for the village. We've heard the BBC has paid for some work to the Foxfield Railway. There is a new period style shed at Dilhorne Park Station and they've altered the sign to call it Handbury Holt.
"From what I've heard, the railway has asked the BBC if it can keep the sign like that."
A group of retired women having lunch at the pub said they were thrilled to hear about the filming of Cranford.
Margaret Booth, from Blythe Bridge, said: "It's a brilliant costume drama. Dame Judi Dench is fabulous. She can't do any wrong for me. If we'd known she was in the village we would have invited her for lunch."
Margaret Watts, from Cheadle, said: "I'm a big fan of the programme. The whole production is fantastic. It's great that it's being filmed here."
Sue Bradbury, from Lightwood, added: "I'm amazed to think they are filming right on our doorstep.
"I've seen all the episodes so I'll be looking forward to this one."
Cathie Davey, BBC publicist for Cranford, said the production team had chosen Dilhorne because it was an ideal location with its beautiful, unspoilt countryside.
She said: "There is a storyline in the second part of the drama which requires filming in a beautifully preserved area.
"The landscape in Dilhorne is perfect because we can get great panoramic shots of scenery without the trappings of modern day life."
Lynn Cantlay, Dilhorne Parish Council clerk, said: "I saw all the trucks and vans arriving and wondered what was going on.
"It certainly puts the village on the map. It's not everyday you get the BBC filming down the road.
"It would be nice to bump into Dame Judi Dench in the village."
Related content:
TV reviews and previews


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text: The Element Legends T-Shirt features Element Skateboards horse graphic at chest. Element detailing throughout. Thin and light. Seamless graphic tag at neck. Available in colorways as seen below. Men's sizes: SM (34-36), MD (38-40), LG (42-44), XL (46-48) unless otherwise noted. Skate Warehouse shows all colors that we have in stock. In rare cases the logo or the color pictured may be slightly different than what is shipped. Model wears a medium.


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Our special guest this week is Rabbi Daniel Brenner, Chief of Education and Program at Moving Traditions. Prior to joining Moving Traditions, Rabbi Brenner was the founding Executive Director of Birthright Israel NEXT and he developed and directed graduate-level training programs at both Auburn Theological Seminary and CLAL -– The National Jewish Center for Learning and Leadership. A graduate of the Reconstructionist Rabbinical College, Brenner's commentaries have been featured in the New York Times, Chicago Tribune, Jerusalem Post,Forward, Jewish Week and on the NPR show The Infinite Mind.
The week's Torah portion- Parashat Va'era (Exodus 6:2-9:35)- features Moses and Aaron's appearance before Pharaoh, their showdown with Pharaoh's sorcerers, and the first seven plagues of Egypt. Our discussion focuses, among other things, on the hardening of Pharaoh's heart and on the enigmatic question regarding God's role in it.
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