text:
The present invention is directed, in one embodiment, to a programming interface which enables device/protocol/network independent transmission of messages to, and programming of, mobile devices. In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to data structures maintained on, and supported by, the mobile devices. The present invention also, in another embodiment, provides security for programming messages and an acknowledgement channel over which the mobile device can acknowledge receipt of, and successful implementation of, a programming message.
1. A transmission system for transmitting information from an originator to a mobile device, the transmission system comprising:
an originator component configured to receive the information to be transmitted and form a transmission message; and
wherein the originator includes:
a first encryption key component configured to derive a first encryption key based on a base key known by the receiver component, a first data string and a data portion including transmission message specific data derived from the information to be transmitted;
a second encryption key component configured to derive a second encryption key based on the base key, a second data string and the data portion;
an encryptor configured to hash the information to be transmitted with the first encryption key to obtain a signature and to encrypt the information and the signature with the second encryption key to obtain an encrypted message; and
a joiner configured to join the encrypted message with the transmission message specific data, in unencrypted form.
2. The transmission system of
a header generation component configured to receive the encrypted message and message specific data and add a header thereto to obtain the transmission message.
3. The transmission system of
a key generator configured to receive the bias value and generate the first encryption key based on the bias value.
4. The transmission system of
a key generator configured to receive the bias value and generate the second encryption key based on the bias value.
5. The transmission system of
a checksum component configured to calculate a checksum over the transmission message and append the checksum thereto.
6. The transmission system of
a processor component; and
a driver component coupled to the processor component;
wherein the processor component is configured to receive the transmission message and pass the transmission message to the driver component, the driver component being configured to derive the first and second encryption keys from the base key, the first and second data strings and the transmission message specific data and decrypt the transmission message.
7. The transmission system of
a validation component configured to calculate a checksum over the unencrypted transmission message, and compare the checksum calculated to the checksum calculated by the checksum component to determine whether the unencrypted message is valid.
8. The transmission system of
This application is a divisional application stemming from U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/108,953, filed on Jun. 30, 1998. The benefit of the filing date of the above-mentioned application is hereby claimed.
The present application claims priority from U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60/070,720 filed on Jan. 7, 1998 entitled FEATURES OF TRANSMISSION AND MANIPULATION OF DATA and Ser. No. 60/075,123 filed Feb. 13, 1998 entitled FEATURES OF A COMMUNICATION CHANNEL and Ser. No. 60/074,236 filed Feb. 10, 1998 entitled FEATURES OF DEVICE DRIVER.
The present invention hereby fully incorporates by reference U.S. application entitled SYSTEM FOR EFFICIENT ROUTING AND TRANSLATION OF DATA, Ser. No. 09/107,899 filed on Jun. 30, 1998.
The present invention relates to personal mobile computing devices commonly known as mobile devices. More particularly, the present invention relates to a system and method for delivering information to, and programming mobile devices.
Mobile devices are small electronic computing devices often referred to as personal digital assistants. Many such mobile devices are hand held devices, or palm size devices, which comfortably fit within the hand. One commercially available device is sold under the tradename HandHeld PC (or H/PC) having software provided by Microsoft Corporation of Redmond, Wash.
Generally, the mobile device includes a processor, random access memory (RAM), and an input device such as a keyboard and a display. The keyboard can be integrated with the display, such as when the keyboard is incorporated as a touch sensitive display. A communication interface is optionally provided and is commonly used to communicate with the desktop computer. A replaceable or rechargeable battery powers the mobile device. Optionally, the mobile device can receive power from an external power source that overrides or recharges the built-in battery.
In some prior applications, the mobile device is used in conjunction with the desktop computer. For example, the user of the mobile device may also have access to, and use, a desktop computer at work or at home or both. The user typically runs the same types of applications on both the desktop computer and on the mobile device. Thus, it is quite advantageous for the mobile device to be designed to be coupled to the desktop computer to exchange information with, and share information with, the desktop computer.
Another technique for providing information to such mobile devices is through a wireless transmission link. Such information can include electronic mail or news, weather, sports, traffic and local event information. The information is typically obtained from a desktop computer connected to the Internet and delivered over a wired connection. However, it may be desirable to deliver such information over a wireless connection as well. A wireless receiver on the mobile device can act to receive information as it is being sent to the mobile device.
Where the mobile device is or has a pager, each pager in a given system has one or more addresses. When a message is transmitted over a wireless channel, it is destined for an address. All pagers assigned to that wireless channel receive the message and check the address contained in the message against its own addresses. This address-matching algorithm can be implemented either in the hardware, or in software, or in a combination of hardware and software. If the address associated with the incoming message does not match any of the addresses on the pager, then the message is discarded. However, if the address does match one of the addresses on the pager, then the message is accepted and forwarded to higher level software in the protocol stack on the pager for suitable processing.
Addresses can typically be of two types. The first is a personal address which is unique within a given wireless network (i.e., only one pager has that address). The personal address is used for sending a message to a particular pager.
The second type of address is a broadcast address. A broadcast address is typically programmed into many pagers within a given wireless network. Thus, a single message delivered over a broadcast address is received and accepted by multiple pagers in the network. Such addresses are used for implementing broadcast services, such as the news, traffic, weather, etc. services mentioned above.
There is currently no convenient way to reprogram the addresses in mobile devices, such as pagers. Instead, the pagers must be brought back to a service center where special tools are used to access and modify the internal storage of the pager, where the addresses are stored. Some prior systems have attempted to accomplish over-the-air programming. In such systems, the network owner (or carrier) sends a special message to the pager that changes the addresses in the pager.
However, to date, this has been quite uncommon. Each manufacturer of pagers has its own proprietary message formats and methods in the radio hardware and software associated with the pager. Thus, a special message needs to be specially formatted for the reprogramming of each of the different manufacturers' pagers. In addition, some manufacturers have more than one model or style of pager, each with its own internal proprietary message formats and methods. Thus, even a single manufacturer of pagers would be required to have a variety of special programming messages sent, based upon the particular type of pager being used by the user.
Further, over-the-air programming presents significant difficulties with respect to security. In other words, if the provider of the broadcast services being programmed wishes to charge users a fee or subscription price to receive the broadcast services, then the programming messages must be highly secure. Otherwise, unauthorized programming of the pager devices to receive the broadcast services would be problematic.
Further, with the advent of global computer networks, such as the Internet, and information, broadcast services, have become prevalent and important. However, a typical pager can only have a limited number of addresses (usually 2-8). A much larger number of broadcast services would desirably be offered to suit a wide range of interests and needs for the various users of the pagers. That being the case, each individual user would need to have the pager reprogrammed (by taking it back to a service center) so that it contained the addresses which would select desired broadcast services, desired by the individual user. This would need to be done each time the user wished to add, delete, or change the broadcast services selection. This is highly cost inefficient and is believed to have at least stunted the growth and proliferation of such broadcast services.
Over-the-air programming also presents another significant hurdle—reliability. For instance, even if a programming message were to be transmitted over the air, the programming message could contain errors once received by the pager, or the pager could be out of the service area, or turned off, when the programming message was transmitted. In a one-way paging system (which is the most prevalent system in the world today) there is no way for a sender to know that the programming message was actually received successfully by the desired pager.
The present invention is directed, in one embodiment, to a programming interface which enables device/protocol/network independent transmission of messages to, and programming of, mobile devices. In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to data structures maintained on, and supported by, the mobile devices. The present invention also, in another embodiment, provides security for programming messages and an acknowledgement channel over which the mobile device can acknowledge receipt of, and successful implementation of, a programming message.
Wireless carrier 14 is described in greater detail later in the application. Briefly, however, wireless carrier 14 is configured to receive service content and programming messages (hereinafter content) from content provider 12 via dial-up or direct internet connection, or a network connection. The way in which wireless carrier 14 obtains information from content provider 12 can include proprietary or non-proprietary means. For example, in one illustrative embodiment, wireless carrier 14 subscribes to active channels at a content provider's web site using the Internet Explorer product available from Microsoft Corporation. The Internet Explorer component pulls data from the web site and stores it on a cache for later transmission to mobile device 18.
Wireless carrier 14 also includes a wireless information server (WIS) 20. Server 20 has components which can pull data from content provider 12 as well. Server 20 also splits the content received from content provider 12 into pieces which are compatible with the particular type of transport being used by wireless carrier 14. For instance, server 20 may split the data such that it conforms to maximum packet size constraints, character set requirements, etc. for the channel type or transport type being used. Prior to transmission, the data is preferably translated to a different form. As is described in greater detail later in the application, such translation may include various forms of encryption, and may also include compression, encoding, etc. Once the data has been split appropriately such that it conforms to the transport constraints, the data is then configured for transmission over the air through a wireless network (such as through a paging channel) to be received directly on mobile device 18. The transmitted data is received by a wireless receiver and driver component 22 on mobile device 18 where the data is prepared for use by mobile device 18.
Mobile device 18 also preferably includes a modem 24. Thus, rather than being transmitted through wireless carrier 14, the service content can be transmitted directly from content provider 12 through a direct dial-up modem connection to mobile device 18.
Desktop computer 16 will also be described in greater detail later in the specification. Briefly, however, desktop computer 16 is preferably provided with a standard web browser, such as Internet Explorer 4.0, commercially available from the Microsoft Corporation of Redmond, Wash. That being the case, the users of desktop computer 16 can preferably subscribe to channels in a standard fashion which provide the user with certain channel content which can be browsed off-line or on-line. Desktop computer 16 can thus periodically retrieve or receive new content for further transmission to mobile device 18.
Desktop computer 16 also preferably includes synchronization component 26. Briefly, synchronization component 26 is configured to interact with a similar synchronization component 28 on mobile device 18 such that files which are the subject of synchronization can be synchronized from desktop computer 16 to mobile device 18, or vice versa. Once synchronized, both files (those on computer 16 and mobile device 18) contain up to date information.
More specifically, mobile device 18, in the preferred embodiment, can be synchronized with either desktop computer 16, or another mobile device 18, or both. In that instance, properties of objects stored in an object store on mobile device 18 are similar to properties of other instances of the same object stored in an object store on desktop computer 16 or another mobile device 18. Thus, for example, when a user changes one instance of an object stored in an object store on desktop computer 16, the second instance of that object in the object store of mobile device 18 is updated the next time mobile device 18 is connected to desktop computer 16 so that both instances of the same object contain up-to-date data. This is referred to as synchronization.
In order to accomplish synchronization, synchronization components 26 and 28 run on both mobile device 18 and desktop computer 16 (or another mobile device 18). The synchronization components communicate with one another through well defined interfaces to manage communication and synchronization
It is worth noting that, in the preferred embodiment, while mobile device 18 can be coupled to desktop computer 16, it can be also coupled to another mobile device 18. This connection can be made using any suitable, and commercially available, communication link and using a suitable communications protocol. For instance, in one preferred embodiment, mobile device 18 communicates with either desktop computer 16 or another mobile device 18 with a physical cable which communicates using a serial communications protocol. Other communication mechanisms are also contemplated by the present invention, such as infra-red (IR) communication or other suitable communication mechanisms.
Memory 32 is preferably implemented as non-volatile electronic memory such as random access memory (RAM) with a battery back-up module (not shown) such that information stored in memory 32 is not lost when the general power to mobile device 18 is shut down. A portion of memory 32 is preferably allocated as addressable memory for program execution, while another portion of memory 32 is preferably used for storage, such as to simulate storage on a disc drive.
Memory 32 includes operating system 40, an application program 42 (such as a personal information manager or PIM) as well as an object store 44. During operation, operating system 40 is preferably executed by processor 30 from memory 32. Operating system 40, in one preferred embodiment, is a Windows CE brand operating system commercially available from Microsoft Corporation. The operating system 40 is preferably designed for mobile devices, and implements database features which can be utilized by PIM 42 through a set of exposed application programming interfaces and methods. The objects in object store 44 are preferably maintained by PIM 42 and operating system 40, at least partially in response to calls to the exposed application programming interfaces and methods.
I/O components 34, in one preferred embodiment, are provided to facilitate input and output operations from a user of mobile device 18. I/O components 34 are described in greater detail with respect to
Desktop communication interface 36 is optionally provided as any suitable communication interface. Interface 36 is preferably used to communicate with desktop computer 16, content provider 12, wireless carrier 14 and optionally another mobile device 18, as described with respect to FIG. 1. Thus, communication interface 36 preferably includes synchronization components 28 for communicating with desktop computer 16 and modem 24 for communicating with content provider 12. Wireless receiver and driver 22 are used for communicating with wireless carrier 14.
It should be noted that the display 45 for the mobile device as shown in
The mobile device 18 shown in
It should also be noted that, in the embodiment illustrated in
Of course, where mobile device 18 is implemented as a pager, stylus 46 and handwriting area 51 are not needed. Instead, mobile device 18 is simply provided with screen 45, user input buttons 47 and power button 49, or other suitable items.
FIG. 5 and the related discussion are intended to provide a brief, general description of a suitable desktop computer 16 in which portions of the invention may be implemented. Although not required, the invention will be described, at least in part, in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a personal computer 16 or mobile device 18. Generally, program modules include routine programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that desktop computer 16 may be implemented with other computer system configurations, including multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and the like. The invention may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.
With reference to
Although the exemplary environment described herein employs a hard disk, a removable magnetic disk 59 and a removable optical disk 61, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other types of computer readable media which can store data that is accessible by a computer, such as magnetic cassettes, flash memory cards, digital video disks (DVDs), Bernoulli cartridges, random access memories (RAMs), read only memory (ROM), and the like, may also be used in the exemplary operating environment.
A number of program modules may be stored on the s hard disk, magnetic disk 59, optical disk 61, ROM 54 or RAM 55, including an operating system 65, one or more application programs 66 (which may include PIMs), other program modules 67 (which may include synchronization component 26), and program data 68. A user may enter commands and information into the desktop computer 16 through input devices such as a keyboard 70, pointing device 72 and microphone 74. Other input devices (not shown) may include a joystick, game pad, satellite dish, scanner, or the like. These and other input devices are often connected to the processing unit 48 through a serial port interface 76 that is coupled to the system bus 52, but may be connected by other interfaces, such as a sound card, a parallel port, game port or a universal serial bus (USB). A monitor 77 or other type of display device is also connected to the system bus 52 via an interface, such as a video adapter 78. In addition to the monitor 77, desktop computers may typically include other peripheral output devices such as speaker 75 and printers.
The desktop computer 16 may operate in a networked environment using logic connections to one or more remote computers (other than mobile device 18), such as a remote computer 79. The remote computer 79 may be another personal computer, a server, a router, a network PC, a peer device or other network node, and typically includes many or all of the elements described above relative to desktop computer 16, although only a memory storage device 80 has been illustrated in FIG. 4. The logic connections depicted in
When used in a LAN networking environment, the desktop computer 16 is connected to the local area network 81 through a network interface or adapter 83. When used in a WAN networking environment, the desktop computer 16 typically includes a modem 84 or other means for establishing communications over the wide area network 82, such as the Internet. The modem 84, which may be internal or external, is connected to the system bus 52 via the serial port interface 76. In a network environment, program modules depicted relative to desktop computer 16, or portions thereof, including synchronization component 26, may be stored in local or remote memory storage devices. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown are exemplary and other means of establishing a communications link between the computers may be used.
Desktop computer 16 runs operating system 65 that is typically stored in non-volatile memory 54 and executes on the processor 48. One suitable operating system is a Windows brand operating system sold by Microsoft Corporation, such as Windows 95 or Windows NT, operating systems, other derivative versions of Windows brand operating systems, or another suitable operating system. Other suitable operating systems include systems such as the Macintosh OS sold from Apple Corporation, and the OS/2 operating system sold by International Business Machines (IBM) of Armonk, N.Y. Application programs are preferably stored in program module 67, in volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or can be loaded into any of the components shown in
A dynamically linked library (DLL), comprising a plurality of executable functions is associated with PIMs in the memory for execution by processor 48. Interprocessor and intercomponent calls are facilitated using the component object model (COM) as is common in programs written for Microsoft Windows brand operating systems. Briefly, when using COM, a software component such as a DLL has a number of interfaces. Each interface exposes a plurality of methods, which can be called individually to utilize different services offered by the software component. In addition, interfaces are provided such that methods or functions can be called from other software components which optionally receive and return one or more parameter arguments.
In general, the DLL associated with the particular PIM or other program is designed specifically to work in conjunction with that PIM and to expose desktop synchronization interfaces that function as described in more detail in the above-referenced co-pending U.S. patent application according to a synchronization protocol. The DLL, in turn, calls interfaces exposed by the PIM in order to access data representing individual properties of objects maintained in an object store. The object store 6, of course, can reside in any one of the suitable memory components described with respect to FIG. 4.
Mobile device 18 is also illustrated in greater detail. Mobile device 18 includes radio hardware (or radio HW) 208 which corresponds to the actual radio receiver hardware in mobile device 18. Mobile device 18 also includes driver 210 which interfaces with radio HW 208 to pass information to radio HW 208 and receive information from radio HW 208. Device 18 also includes programming message processing component (PMPC) 212 which can be implemented in any suitable memory in mobile device 18. PMPC 212 receives messages transmitted over transmission link 206 and processes them in accordance with the techniques described below.
PMOC 204 then accesses cryptography component 202 and creates a signed and encrypted programming message for transmission over transmission link 206 to mobile device 18. Encryption of the programming data into an encrypted programming message can be accomplished in any number of suitable ways. One method by which the encryption is implemented is described in greater detail below with respect to
Next, the data is transmitted from originator 200 to mobile device 18. As described with respect to
As is described in greater detail below, the encrypted programming message has a header appended thereto. The message is passed to a message router component which routes the message to PMPC 212 and through various processing steps. The header indicates the types of processing the message was subjected to prior to transmission, and the message is subjected to complementary processing (such as decoding, decompression, etc.) after being received. Receiving the message is indicated by block 220.
The router passes the message to PMPC 212 on mobile device 18. This is indicated by block 222. PMPC 212 performs any necessary translations on the encrypted programming message. PMPC 212 also detects, based on the header information, that the message is a programming message and invokes an appropriate input/output (I/O) control call to place the message in proper form so that it can be passed back to driver 210 in a desired format. In the preferred embodiment, PMPC 212 invokes I/O control calls to driver 210 using appropriate application programming interfaces (APIs) which are described in greater detail below. For example, the header information may identify that the programming message is a new address programming message. In that case, PMPC 212 invokes a RADIO_PROGRAMMING I/O control call with a subparameter ADDRESS_PROGRAMMING to program a new address. The encrypted programming data is passed to driver 210 which calls a library function DecryptAndValidatePgmData( ) to decrypt and validate the programming data. Passage of the programming data, in the proper form, to the driver 210 is illustrated by block 224.
After driver 210 has decrypted and validated the programming message, the programming data is obtained in its original, unencrypted form. Driver 210 then places the actual programming data in appropriate output buffers in driver 210 for retrieval, or places them in input buffers on radio HW 208. Radio HW 208 can then perform the necessary programming in accordance with the actual programming data provided. This is indicated by blocks 226 and 228.
The user then requests a change in the subscription services received on mobile device 18. Such a change may include addition of a service, deletion of a service or modification of a service and will likely require reprogramming of the addresses, or other information, stored in mobile device 18, so that mobile device 18 can receive a new subscription service, or so that a subscription service can be cancelled and no longer provided to mobile device 18. The user typically provides this information from the desktop computer through which the originator's website has been accessed. This is indicated by block 232.
Originator 200 then creates a signed and encrypted programming message for eventual transmission to mobile device 18. This is described in greater detail below and is illustrated by block 234.
After the encrypted programming message is created at originator 200, it is transmitted over transmission link 206 to mobile device 18. In the embodiment illustrated in
The user then connects mobile device 18 to the desktop computer. As described above, this type of connection can be formed in any suitable manner, such as through a hardwire connection (or cable) using serial communication, through an infrared transmission link, or through any other suitable connection mechanism. This is indicated by block 238.
The user then requests synchronization between the desktop computer and mobile device 18. As described above, synchronization components 26 and 28 interact according to a synchronization protocol which causes the encrypted programming message to be synchronized to mobile device 18. More specifically, synchronization component 28 causes the encrypted message to be transferred to PMPC 212 on mobile device 18. The synchronization step is illustrated by block 240.
From this point, processing continues in exactly the same fashion as it did beginning with block 224 of the over-the-air programming system set out in FIG. 7. Similar blocks are similarly numbered to those shown in FIG. 7. Specifically, PMPC 212 executes any translations required on the encrypted programming message and places the encrypted programming message in proper form so that it can be passed to driver 210. PMPC 212 then invokes I/O control calls to driver 210 using appropriate APIs, in order to pass the encrypted programming message back to driver 210 for decryption and validation. This is indicated by block 224.
Once the data has been decrypted and validated by driver 210, the programming data, in its unencrypted form, is placed in appropriate buffers. This is indicated by block 226.
Radio HW 208 then executes the programming operation according to the programming data received by driver 210. This is indicated by block 228.
It should be noted that the present system for programming the radio HW 208 on mobile device 18 is protocol, channel, and device independent. In other words, once the encrypted programming message is provided to PMPC 212, the process for providing that information to driver 210, and decrypting and validating the programming message at driver 210 is exactly the same, regardless of what specific radio HW device 208 is provided, and regardless of the channel or transmission protocol over which the programming message was received.
In order to obtain the encryption key, the present invention uses message specific data 242, base key 244, and encryption data 246. The message specific data 242 is preferably a part of the message itself with a required property that it changes with each programming message being sent. Base key 244, in one illustrative embodiment, is the electronic identification (EID) of mobile device 18. However, base key 244 could also be any other key as well. Encryption data 246 is preferably formed of other known bytes or data strings. The information in blocks 242, 244 and 246 is provided to a hashed messaged authentication code (HMAC) generator 248. HMAC generator 248 derives a hash value that is used for seeding or biasing a key derivation algorithm. This biasing component is provided to key derivation component 250, which acts upon the biasing component in order to derive an encryption key 252.
It should be noted that, since the message specific data 242 changes with each message, the derived encryption key 252 will also be different for each message. This is a preferred technique for deriving such a key. Without this technique, one can compare an encrypted message with a decrypted message and simply use those two items to compute the key for subsequent messages. However, since the key changes with each message, even if one key is derived, it cannot be used to decipher later messages.
The biasing component is then used to bias the signing key derivation algorithm in order to obtain the signing key 266. This is indicated by block 276.
Once the signing key and encryption keys have been derived, the programming message can be prepared for transmission over transmission link 206.
The encrypted message 284 is appended to the message specific data 242, in its unencrypted form (or plain text form). A header is added to the encrypted message 284 and message specific data 242. This is indicated by block 286. The message can be further passed through other translations such as compression, encoding, etc. The entire programming message 288 thus includes header 290, encrypted message 284, and message specific data 242. Header 290 is preferably a sequence of bytes which serves a number of purposes. First, it identifies the message 288 as a programming message. Next, it identifies the start and end of the encrypted portion 284 of the message, and the start and end of the message specific data portion 242 of the message (which is not encrypted). Finally, header 290 identifies whether the EID was used as the base key.
The programming data is then joined with its signature. This is indicated by block 298. The encryption key is obtained and the programming data, along with its signature, is encrypted using the encryption key in order to form the encrypted message. This is indicated by blocks 300 and 302. The message specific data 242 is appended to the encrypted message, and a header is added in order to from the entire programming message transmitted over transmission link 206. Other translations can also be performed prior to transmission. These final steps are indicated by blocks 304 and 306.
The prepared message is transmitted over transmission link 206 where it eventually ends up at PMPC component 212, as described above. Once the programming message is received by PMPC 212, it is placed in proper form for being passed to driver 210 and eventually radio HW 208, where the programming is actually carried out.
Also, it is not necessary for radio HW 208 to store these data structures at all. That may simply be a preferable implementation when radio HW 208 is implemented as a removable hardware item (e.g., a radio PCMCIA type card). Storing the data structures on the radio HW 208 in non-volatile memory enables a user to remove the card from one mobile device 18 and plug it into another and carry the information easily to the new device. It also allows for implementing more of the functions in the radio hardware. However, device driver 210 can also store these data structures in system memory and carry out the functions in software, although this may be less preferable in some respects.
In any case,
Address Table
This table is used to store address related information.
Status: This is a flag byte. The following are illustrative flags:
Service Group Info. Table and Service Group Index Table
Also, in the preferred embodiment, PMPC 212 is configured to invoke a number of I/O control calls to perform various operations. Driver 210 supports and implements the I/O control calls according to a predefined syntax and operation which is also described below.
The general type definitions used in the driver API will now be described. It should be noted that most of the following types map substantially directly to the data structures described above, although this is not necessary.
The following basic types are used:
All structures have the following two fields at the beginning:
In addition the variable length fields are grouped towards the end a length field for each one of them is provided. This allows expanding these structures without losing backward or forward compatibility. When accessing the variable length fields, the driver should use the wStructSize field's value as the start offset for the first variable length field. This will allow for forward compatibility when additional fields are added to the struct (using wStructSize field ensures that these new fields will be ignored by the legacy drivers).
Although a wide variety of specific struct types are used in the normal operation of the driver API, only those related to programming are discussed herein. Such structs include the following:
This struct contains information about the address.
This struct contains information about the service group:
This struct contains information about the encryption keys
This struct is used for programming addresses, service groups, keys, etc.
This struct is used for cipher functionality related IO control calls.
As stated above, the I/O control calls are made from PMPC 212 to driver 210 in order to accomplish certain operations. As with the various data structures, a variety of I/O control calls are supported in the driver API. However, only those related to programming of driver 210 and radio card 208 are discussed herein. I/O control calls have the following syntax.
Return Value
In order to implement the I/O control calls, driver 210 calls a number of the functions stored in its support library. Such functions are described below.
PMPC 212 then executes the RADIO_PROGRAM control call to driver 210, supplying the Radio_Pgm struct, as described above. This is indicated by block 334.
In response to this control call, driver 210 calls the DecryptAndValidateRadioPgmData function 324 which is stored in the driver support library. This function decrypts the program message provided in the RADIO_PROGRAM I/O control call. If this function finds that the input struct was a valid struct, it returns a true value to PMPC 212 and places the decrypted struct in its output buffer for access by radio HW 208. If this function finds that the struct was not properly encrypted, it returns a false value and rejects the programming command. This is indicated by blocks 336 and 338.
A programming component configured to program the specific radio HW 208 being used then accesses the information in the output buffer of driver 210 and performs the desired programming function.
It should be noted that the actual programming data provided to radio HW 208 can be provided according to a proprietary form, and the actual programming of radio HW 208 can be done in accordance with any proprietary parameters or constraints placed on it by the manufacturer. Thus, the manufacturer is free to define any programming operations, in accordance with any proprietary method. However, by supporting the above-defined data structures, radio HW 208 can be provided with proprietary programming data in an independent, open architecture fashion, regardless of the particular programming scheme used by radio HW 208, and regardless of the particular manner in which the programming message is transmitted to mobile device 18.
Even given this device/protocol/network independence, one obstacle still remains. There is currently no efficient method of determining whether mobile device 18 actually received the programming message, and has undertaken the requested programming operation. The system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention addresses this obstacle as well.
Once the programming has been completed as indicated by driver 210 returning a value indicating the programming message contained a valid struct, PMPC 212 preferably generates an acknowledgement message directed to originator 200, indicating the programming has been accomplished. This message is provided to sync component 28 on mobile device 18 (and shown in FIG. 1). The next time the user connects mobile device 18 to the desktop computer 16, sync components 26 and 28 cooperate to synchronize the acknowledgement message to desktop computer 16. The next time desktop computer 16 accesses the originator 200 of the programming message, the acknowledgement message is transmitted to the originator 200 indicating that the programming has been accomplished. In an embodiment in which desktop computer 16 is provided with a web browser, such as Internet Explorer 4.0, the acknowledgement message is transmitted back to the originator 200 when the web browser next invokes the scheduler to establish an Internet connection with the originator.
Thus, it can be seen that the present invention provides a device/protocol/network independent mechanism by which mobile device 18 can be programmed. The present invention also provides a method of encrypting data such that it can be sent in an encrypted and secured fashion from the originator 200 to mobile device 18. This mechanism allows the originator to program any suitable portions of mobile device 18, including addresses, groups, keys, validity periods, and macrotags. The present invention also provides backchannel confirmation which provides the originator with an acknowledgement that the programming has been accomplished.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
Referenced by
Legal Events
Original Image


text:
Press release from PR Newswire
IAC To Audiocast Q3 2013 Earnings Conference Call
Wednesday, October 16, 2013
IAC To Audiocast Q3 2013 Earnings Conference Call16:30 EDT Wednesday, October 16, 2013
NEW YORK, Oct. 16, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- IAC (Nasdaq: IACI) will audiocast a conference call to discuss its third quarter financial results and certain forward-looking information on Tuesday, October 29, 2013 at 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time (ET). IAC will issue a press release reporting results after the market closes on Tuesday, October 29th. Replays of the conference call will be available at 8:30 p.m. (ET) on Tuesday, October 29th and run until 8:30 p.m. (ET) on November 12, 2013.
The live audiocast and replay will be open to the public at http://www.iac.com/Investors.
About IAC
IAC (NASDAQ: IACI) is a leading media and internet company comprised of more than 150 brands and products, including Ask.com, About.com, Match.com, HomeAdvisor.com and Vimeo.com. Focused in the areas of search, applications, online dating, local and media, IAC's family of websites is one of the largest in the world, with more than a billion monthly visits across more than 30 countries. The company is headquartered in New York City with offices in various locations throughout the U.S. and internationally. To view a full list of the companies of IAC, please visit our website at www.iac.com.
For further information: Rebecca Segui, IAC Investor Relations, (212) 314-7400; Justine Sacco, IAC Corporate Communications, 212-314-7326

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Frequent Questions
Advanced Search
Out of Stock
Great mini figure designed by Touma for Monstock with color by Fig-lab!
Fig-lab presents the Millennial Monsters Series
Since the dawn of this new millennium an outstanding number of Japanese Character creators have emerged whose primary medium of expression is Japanese Vinyl. The Japanese vinyl figure has a 40 year legacy which attests to its integrity and durability as an artistic medium. In our on-demand fast turnaround post-modern world, the means of production have been made available to independent artists who can now create smaller runs than demanded by the tool and die mentality of the previous century. This further evidenced by the increasing number of creators worldwide who crossing over from the mass produced milieu of the factory back to the province of the craftsmen of Japan's vinyl trade.
Millennial Monsters will be a series of exclusive releases from Fig-lab of recent original Japanese vinyl figures in a signature color way. Many of the figures chosen for the series have been sculpted and painted by the artists themselves. All are self-financed labors of love. The objective of the series to highlight some of these outstanding creators, producers and their endearing characters. For more information about the project check out the Fig-lab blog!
Visit us at 2780 N Lincoln Avenue right on the border between Chicago's Lincoln Park and Lakeview neighborhoods. The closest train stop is the Brown Line Diversey station.
11am-7pm, 7 Days a Week
Phone 773-868-3308
Email email@example.com
Limited Items Policy
Privacy Policy
Return Policy
FAQ/Shipping Info
Payment Methods/Security
Search Gift Registry
Artist Submission
Wholesale Information
Newsletter Signup
Home · Shop Online
Gallery · Projects
Get cool stuff and treat our customers well. That's what we've done since we opened in 2004, and that's what we'll always do. If you ever have a problem, just let us know and we'll fix it.
Website content and images © 2010 Rotofugi, Inc. All rights reserved.


text:
- Home
- Technology
- Applications
- Customers
- Partners
- News
- Download
- Support
- Contact
- About
If yes, then you are probably considering an expensive specialist hardware, software or 'BigData' / NoSQL solution to meet your analytics or query needs.
Omnidex could provide an easier solution at a fraction of the cost…
Seeing what Omnidex can do for you is easy. Omnidex can be quickly installed on your existing data and queried using ODBC/JDBC compliant tools.
Contact us now to discuss your requirements or book an Omnidex test drive.


text:
Quick Intro
Welcome to a quick intro to sceye and the accompanying software.
- At the left you have access to the full documentation.
- Below you'll find an overview about the most important features and settings for sceye
(valid for all applications)
Color mode
- Black & White
- Whenever possible you should scan in black & white. You will get a sharp text result, perfectly prepared for OCR and the file size is very small.
- Color
- Often a color scan is preferred. In this case it is recommended to use the text filter (see below) to support a text enhancement in your scan.
- 300 dpi
- The most used resolution is 300 dpi as it allows good OCR results combined with an acceptable file-size.
- 400 dpi
- If supported and if file-size is not an issue - the 400 dpi is the best choice. Great in combination with Black&White as the file-size stays low.
- 200 dpi
- Still a good resolution when OCR is not needed and it reduces the file-size a lot.
- 100 dpi
- More thought of as a thumbnail or overview scan.
- Intelligent Auto-crop
- (1) The intelligent auto-crop will automatically rotate the page to the right orientation - cuts out the page and will remove black borders around page to achieve a clean and great looking scan result.
- Normal Auto-crop
- (2) If your document has some important information close to the borders (2-3 mm) you should choose this mode. You may get some dark shadows at the edges but the scan is not modified to clean out the border.
- Manual selection
- (3) With a manual selection - any part of the preview image can be selected and scanned without rotation and cropping.
- Auto-crop off
- Here you will get the full scan area - within the laser projection - unchanged.
- Textfilter on
- Whenever the text of your documents is in the focus - the Text filter is a must. It resharpens the textual content - very useful while scanning in color or greyscale.
- Textfilter off
- If you are more interested in the pictures you may want to turn off the Textfilter to get a smooth and soft image.
- Autoscan
- Most popular - activate autoscan (if supported) and new pages will be detected & scanned automatically as soon as you place them into the scan area.
- Manual scan
- A simple click with your mouse or hit the space bar on your keyboard and a scan can be done instantly.
- Book mode
- This mode (available for A3 devices or above) allows you to scan both pages of an opened book in one shot. Use your fingers to flatten the book pages. Any scanned fingers at the left and right page-side area will be removed from the result.
- Multiscan
- Perfect for the big scan-area of an A3 - place multiple rectangular objects within the scanning area and all will be scanned, rotated and cropped separately.
- Timescan
- Choose your own time settings and every x seconds a new scan will be done automatically. Great to scan a book - so you can flip the page i.e. every 5 seconds. Also good to scan the progress of a petri dish in a 1 hour time frame.


text:
Holden Monaro 2004-2006 used car reviewUsed Car Reviews Motor Reviews Motor News
Holden Monaro CV8.
- Make
- Holden
- Family
- Monaro
- Series
- Year
- 2005
- Badge Description
- Doors
- 2
- Seats
- 4
- Transmission
- Manual
- Engine Configuration Description
- Gear Num
- 6
- Cylinders
- 8
- Build Country Origin Description
- ANCAPRating
- 4
- Car Size
- Sports
- Fuel Type Description
- Petrol - Premium ULP
- Drive Description
- Rear Wheel Drive
- Warranty KM
- 100000
With the recent bombshell that Holden will pull out of manufacturing in Australia, those with a nose for a collectible model have their feelers out.
Plenty of Holden models have already become collectible thanks to either huge popularity or historical significance, but now that General Motors has done the unthinkable and pulled in the Holden shingle, other models are sure to follow suit.
Here at Drive, our bet for the next really collectible Holden is the born-again Monaro which launched here in 2001 and ran until pretty much the all-new VE platform in 2006.
Of those cars, that were born of the overnight success of the Monaro design study shown at Sydney Motor Show in 1998, a few can be weeded out fairly easily.
The six-cylinder version, for instance, can safely be left right where it is.
Even with the supercharger boosting engine performance to 171kW, the CV-6 (as it was known) just isn't (and will never be) regarded as the full monty when it comes to full-sized two-door Holdens.
The same goes for the very early examples of the Monaro, even in V8 (CV-8) form.
Those early Mexican-built LS1 engines could be pretty variable in the quality and some were quite awful with terrible oil consumption and lots of strange and frightening engine rattles.
Which leaves the pick of those swoopy two-doors as the very last ones, the model based on the Commodore VZ.
Not only were these ones better built, General Motors had a much better handle on the all-alloy V8 and you got the better dashboard and interior from the Commodore VZ.
By then, of course, the CV-6 had been consigned to history with even Holden realising that it was a bit of a turkey.
The nice thing about these Monaros now is that they're actually pretty good value, especially if we're right here at Drive and values have bottomed out about now (or are not far from rock-bottom).
Less than $20,000 gets you into a good, well maintained example now, and if you manage a clean car in a popular colour and with the right options, you'd be sitting on a car that's a better-than-even-chance to at least hold on to its value.
And, again, if you find the right car, it's actually a decent thing to drive as well.
The one mistake you shouldn't make, of course, is to imagine that the Monaro is an exotic drive.
It isn't. It's more or less a VZ Commodore with a pair of doors missing and it drives pretty much that way.
The catch is that Holden was still struggling with production tolerances back in the day and one Monaro can be a lot different than the next. In fact, it was like that even when they were all brand-new; some were peaches, others were just cars.
As we mentioned, the quality of the alloy V8 was definitely on the up as time passed, but we'd still be checking any CV8 for the common problems.
Start with the actual noises the engine makes, particularly on a cold start-up.
But wait a minute, the owner's already started the car and warmed it up for you? Then be very suspicious and ask to come back the next day to hear it crank over from dead cold.
Any rattles or ticking noises suggest the engine may not be a `good one' and while it may still have years of faithful service in it, you might go mad wondering in the meantime.
Check for oil leaks, too. Oil leaks in this engine suggest it's starting to show its age.
Try to identify where the vehicle is normally parked and check the ground for signs of the Monaro having marked its territory.
Oil consumption is harder to identify in a road test but it goes without saying that no Monaro should be producing any smoke either on start-up or when revved.
Make sure the oil on the dipstick is at the proper mark (you'd be amazed how many people present cars for sale with low oil level) and that the oil itself is a nice golden brown rather than black and sooty looking.
Check the dipstick of the automatic transmission, too. The fluid should be clean and shouldn't smell burnt. If it does, you could be looking at a hand grenade.
As it is, the four-speed automatic should be good for 170,000 or 180,000km before it needs a rebuild, but that's contingent on it not having done too much hard work.
Does the car you're looking at have a tow-bar fitted? We'd be looking for one that doesn't.
The six-speed manual gearbox option sounds like the sporty choice, but really, the shift was so slow and clumsy, you'll soon tire of it. Buy an automatic.
The VZ-based cars all had the improved rear suspension with an extra control member to reduce the weird tyre angles that some Monaros suffered from with the attendant accelerated rear tyre wear.
Even so, we'd still look closely at the tread of the rear tyres to make sure there's nothing strange going on. A hard-driven Monaro can eat rear tyres like there's no tomorrow.
But by far the biggest worry is a car that has been, er, individualised by an enthusiastic previous owner.
Wild paint schemes, huge wheels and tyres and modified engines are common, and none of them do a darn thing for legality, insurability, longevity or, for that matter, street cred.
The Monaro – even a great one – will never be a European exotic to drive, but it is a good looker and for the Holden nuts out there, it is some kind of latter-day holy-grail model.
But also, being a Commodore with less doors, the thing is a decent long distance car, can be simple and cheap to service and will carry four adults and their gear in comfort. Try that in your Lamborghini.
Our rating: 3.5/5
Nuts and bolts
Engine/s: 5.7-litre V8
Transmissions: 6-man/4-auto
Fuel economy (combined): 13.7 litres per 100km
Safety rating (courtesy of www.howsafeisyourcar.com.au): 4 stars
- Looks good, especially in later form.
- Nothing confronting mechanically or servicing-wise.
- Good performance.
- Seats four with ease.
- Manual gearbox is clunky and slow.
- Engine can leak and/or burn oil.
- Variable quality from car to car.
- Many have been butchered.
Holden Commodore SS – The four-door version of the same blueprint. Has the advantage of a rear seat that will fit three backsides. Cheaper to buy now, too. 3.5 stars
Ford Falcon XR8 – Just as the Commodore SS offers all the Monaro's performance with an extra seat, so too does the XR8 Falcon have the fast family in mind. DOHC V8 looked better on paper than on the street. 3.5 stars
Ford Mustang Cobra – A two-door Ford with a V8 engine is it? Then you'll be looking at these. We wouldn't, however. Tiny front seats, iffy aerodynamics at speed and crude build mean they're only for the hardest of hard-heads. 1.5 stars
What to pay (courtesy of Glass's Guide):
Model Year New Now
14 comments so far
Is it just me, but the review makes tis vehicle sound like a really poor design, but it is still give 3.5 starts. Sounds more like 2 star vehicle for me...
- Commenter
- v4
- Location
- Date and time
- December 23, 2013, 9:30AM
As strange as it seems, many collectibles are dogs in one or more areas!
- Commenter
- Location
- Date and time
- December 23, 2013, 9:17PM
To be a collectible, don't build numbers need to be low? I mean, how many of these did they make?
- Commenter
- Location
- lala land
- Date and time
- December 23, 2013, 11:12AM
No way, Mustangs, Corvettes, Stingrays, original VW Bugs etc were built by the millions, across the world, yet each one is classed as a classic collectible today. The collectibility is in the design, the value is in keeping the car as close as possible to its manufacturer's build sheet. For example a HK Monaro Coupe built as a 6 cylinder auto will have less value with a V8 & manual in it than it would if the original 6 pot slushy was still in place.
- Commenter
- Ford Fanatic
- Location
- Over the Hills
- Date and time
- December 23, 2013, 11:46AM
no, some of the rarest cars on the planet are ones that were built in huge numbers - everyday cars are the ones that get turned into baked bean cans and so become very rare.
- Commenter
- Tin
- Location
- Date and time
- January 06, 2014, 1:34PM
This Coupe was always going to be a classic collectible, despite its few faults. Like the 60'a icon that first wore the name, the body design alone ensured that fact. Cabin and boot space were not compromised to create the 2 door, it became a practical alternative to a sedan, not a tacked together toy. The mechanical faults reported in the article are common to all Commodores of the time (sedans, wagons & utes) and don't detract from its 'collectible' status. Pity Ford never attempted a similar car.
- Commenter
- Ford Fanatic
- Location
- Over the Hills
- Date and time
- December 23, 2013, 11:40AM
Oh... where to start...
The picture is of a V2 Monaro, yet the caption information says it's a VZ.
You discuss the potential collectability of a Monaro, then advise "buy an automatic". Really? That four speed auto was a dog when Holden put it in the VN, let alone in a VZ! The manual version, as average a gearbox as it was, will always attract a premium over an auto and rightly so. When I bought and sold my VZ CV8, manual versions were $5-6k more expensive. If ever this model is a collector, it most certainly will not be in auto guise.
Whilst I agree that a Monaro is not an exotic drive, it's hardly "more or less a VZ Commodore with a pair of doors missing and it drives pretty much that way". The final drive ratio was shorter, so acceleration was better. It had the biggest brakes ever fitted to a production Holden at the time. The wheelbase was shorter than a Commodore and the suspension tune was adjusted, so turn in was much sharper and understeer wasn't as bad. The chassis was tighter and the centre of gravity lower, so handling was improved over the Commodore.
- Commenter
- Jez
- Location
- Melbourne
- Date and time
- December 23, 2013, 11:58AM
The Monaro wheel base was no different to the VT-VZ sedan - 2788mm
- Commenter
- Pedantor
- Location
- Date and time
- December 23, 2013, 2:40PM
I love my VZ Monaro - manual, it won't be for sale or a trade in. The original HK-HG Monaros also appeared "less than the sum of their parts", a two door Kingswood, however the HK and HT have Bathurst credibility. Similarly, the last local Monaro appears "less than the sum of its parts". For me, the Simcoe styling is a winner, leading me initially to the V2 series 3. The VZ changes as part of the US export program especially the "nostrils", revised manual gearing and dual exhaust, lead me to buy the upgrade model. I often think of Peter Hanenburger - former Holden director, who could drive whatever he liked, having a bespoke left hand drive Monaro made to take home with him to Germany.
- Commenter
- William
- Location
- Glebe
- Date and time
- December 24, 2013, 6:09PM
A lot of purists feel the GTO-based changes took a lot from the car. 75% of Monaros were autos - the gearbox isn't that bad and shift can be improved. There were actually more CV8Zs built than VZ CV8s, as Telstra staff who ordered CV8s for user-chooser leases got Zs - so the limited edition sold around 600 more, to cater for those who missed out. The last one also loses half it's boot, gained 100kg and handles a little less assuredly due to the American fuel tank repositioning.It's the second-most numerous model after the first year so it probably isn't as collectible longterm. It also suffered from Denny Moooney-era decontenting like the auto dim rearview and other items.
GM fixed the piston-slap, oil burning issues (which only affected a small % of cars) by replacing the LS1 block with the LS6 in 2003-on V8 cars, so Series III/VY2 should be OK. All warranty claims eventually got these, too. Don't let a little lifter rustle spook you, especially when started half-warm. If it blows no smoke and a little rev quietens the engine, all you're hearing are the hydraulic tappets not-quite- pumped. The 5-30 oil and lower pressure oiling system are the culprits, but this is normal.
A Monaro is a special Holden - they really made an effort on these and the S1-S3 were virtually handbuilt - mine was covered with multicolour QC felt tip all over everything unde rhe bonnet, and other than a switch issue and whining diff centre (both replaced under warranty) plus the rear seat where stitching pulled in the sun after three years (also warranty) it's been trouble free until nine years when the plastic alloy radiator leaked. The doors still close with a snick in a stiff breeze, and it's rattle-free.
- Commenter
- Mark II
- Location
- Date and time
- January 02, 2014, 6:00PM
New user? Sign up
Make a comment
You are logged in as [Logout]
All information entered below may be published.
Thank you
Your comment has been submitted for approval.
Comments are moderated and are generally published if they are on-topic and not abusive.


text:
Farrah Abraham explains why she sold her sex tape in weird tell-all video confessionAdd to Favorites | Teen Mom
"Teen Mom" star Farrah Abraham's sex tape journey has been one fraught with drama. From the initial reveal by porn star James Deen that he filmed a porn with the 21-year-old to her recent sale of the video to Vivid Entertainment for close to a million dollars, it's been a strange journey to watch as an observer.
That's assumedly why Abraham has felt the need to come forward and defend her decision-making to the public. In a strange confession video released on the social media website Keek, Abraham says she made the tape to "celebrate [her] awesome body" and wasn't going to sell the video -- now titled "Backdoor Teen Mom" -- until Deen told the world they'd done the deed.
"So on the real, what would you do?" Abraham says in the video. "You have been a single mother for four years, off and on dating loser-a** boys who always try to sell information, lie to you, manipulate, and you just realize you're an awesome person and you deserve someone? And, now that you've been 21, you've pretty much been crying every night because you're single and you're alone?"
She continues, "And so you make your own video, celebrate your awesome body, get your own sexy shots. So the person you did this with has the urge to yell it out when he should be professional and not. So, you have companies interested. Why not sell it? And that's what I did."
Do you believe Abraham's side of the story?


text:
Credit : L: Thelonius/Splash News; R: Pacific Coast NewsEarn Points
Ryan Gosling and Girlfriend Eva Mendes: From the Place Beyond the Pines to Paris (PHOTOS)
Ryan Gosling, 31, and Eva Mendes, 37, started dating in August 2011 on the set of their movie The Place Beyond the Pines, slated for release in 2012. Since then they've packed on the PDA up from Paris to Disneyland, and Ryan even introduced her to his mom on New Year's Day! According to source for Life & Style magazine, Ryan is obsessed with his latest ladylove: "[H]e wants to see Eva all the time. I don't know what it is about her, but he's into Eva hook, line, and sinker!"
Maybe because she's super hot? Just a thought...


text:
A Palestinian man mourns over the body of one of three Palestinian militants killed in an Israeli airstrike earlier on September 5, 2012, at the morgue of the al-Aqsa hospital in Deir al-Balah, Gaza strip center. (AFP PHOTO/MAHMUD HAMS)
GAZA: Three Palestinians were killed by Israeli fire in the northern Gaza Strip on Thursday, raising to six the number killed in the past 12 hours, medical sources said.
"We have received three bodies," said Ashraf al-Qudra, spokesman for the Hamas-run health ministry, saying the three had been killed by an Israeli tank shell just east of the town of Beit Hanun.
Qudra said the three were civilians. He said two were brothers -- Akram al-Zaanin, 22, and Ihab al-Zaanin, 23. He said the third -- Tareq al-Kafarna, 26 -- was on his way to work at Beit Hanun hospital when the shell struck.
The Israeli army said it had fired at a "terrorist squad that was planting an explosive device near the security fence in the northern Gaza Strip. A hit was confirmed," a statement said, indicating that they were targeted by "aircraft, the armored corps and infantry soldiers."
The incident occurred 11 hours after an Israeli air strike on a car in the Al-Maghazi refugee camp in central Gaza killed three civilians and seriously wounded a fourth person.
A military spokeswoman said the strike targeted "a group of terrorists who were preparing to fire rockets at Israel from the centre of the Gaza Strip."
Over the past week, Palestinian militants have stepped up rocket fire on southern Israel, causing damage but no casualties.
Hardline Islamist members of a Salafist group have claimed responsibility for some of the attacks.
Despite an informal truce between Hamas and Israel, tensions flare periodically on the Gaza-Israel border, with militants firing rockets at Israel and the military launching retaliatory air strikes.
The last major flare-up was in June, when militants fired more than 150 rockets at southern Israel, wounding five people, and Israel hit back with air strikes that killed 15 Palestinians.
Your feedback is important to us!
We invite all our readers to share with us their views and comments about this article.
Disclaimer: Comments submitted by third parties on this site are the sole responsibility of the individual(s) whose content is submitted. The Daily Star accepts no responsibility for the content of comment(s), including, without limitation, any error, omission or inaccuracy therein. Please note that your email address will NOT appear on the site.
Alert: If you are facing problems with posting comments, please note that you must verify your email with Disqus prior to posting a comment. follow this link to make sure your account meets the requirements. (http://bit.ly/vDisqus)


text:
LEAPS - Journal
of the Arts in Leadership and Organizational Learning
CREATIVE LEAPS Journal index index
of this edition subscribe
or unsubscribe
A Word: Fantasia
by Creative Leaps President and CEO John Cimino
The word is fantasia, the Italian word for imagination (pronounced, in the Italian, fan-ta-SEE-a). Borrowed famously by animator Walt Disney, fantasia first made its little splash of color among a circle of scholars back in the 1700s, via philosopher Giambattista Vico (1668-1744) barely a few decades after Decartes' monumental pronouncements on thinking, being and logical analysis. Vico, a professor of Latin Eloquence at the University of Naples (and a mean thinker himself), took issue with Descartes' famous pronouncements, asserting that imagination, or fantasia—and not formal logic—was our most direct and potent way of knowing.
Vico was not an irrationalist; far from it. And he wasn't merely lauding the virtues of creative reverie. He was endeavoring, seriously and with high discipline, to re-claim and rightly define fantasia as an authentic species of knowing equivalent to the uniquely intimate knowing of an inventor or creator. By this he meant a form of knowing born of being witness to original discovery, to meaning just taking shape: a product of personally formed internal imagery linked, he said, to personal memory and also to culturally evolved "poetic universals."
This was fantasia, an immediate, very palpable form of knowing: personally experienced, personally grasped, personally felt. By contrast, Descartes' approach—mediated by the formalisms of logic and analysis—was, for Vico, second-hand at best. Instead of keeping a front row seat to the sparks and drama of our own most vivid thinking, Descartes would have us distance ourselves from those fireworks via the stratagems of formal logic. This was a tragedy, said Vico, especially in the realm of education where he saw active, original thinking being replaced by more formulaic methods.
Sound familiar? It wasn't that Descartes' logic was fundamentally wrong or invalid, or anything less than mighty (evidence the scientific revolution which followed) but it wasn't thinking at its human best. It was weaker thinking, the lazy thinker's substitute for the original, more authentic work of fantasia. Feel a chill?
Today, we find it increasingly practical to extol the virtues of imagination. Einstein's help notwithstanding ("Imagination is more important than knowledge"), our understanding of imagination is still shallow and we consequently lack the courage to embrace it wholeheartedly. There's the rub. To do so we would have to commit ourselves to lives of imagination, to building educational systems which seed and nurture imagination, to creating workplaces and social structures which liberate and harvest imagination. And, yes, acknowledge a knowing beyond logic and pure fact.
Fantasia. I loved the animated feature. But it's much more than a Disney musical, now isn't it? It's the whole business of living fully our greatest, most ennobling—and assuredly yet undiscovered—possibilities. I'd like to think we're up to that.
John Cimino is director of Creative Leaps International and founding President and CEO of its parent company, Associated Solo Artists (ASA), Inc. In addition to his formal training as a scientist and learning theorist, he is an award-winning operatic and concert artist, having trained at the Juilliard School of Music and performing to acclaim throughout Europe and the continental U. S. Cimino holds a uniquely interdisciplinary perspective, and works across a host of disciplines dedicated to learning and human development.
home | about
us | bios | board
bios | news
and feature articles | receive
our eNewsletter | contact
us | resources and links
projects | client
and partners | what educators
say | what leaders
say | what government
managers say
process tools | how we work
with you | concert
of ideas | harvest
of learnings
the mind catch fire" | "the
spirit" | "the
challenge" | "moments
of being"
Creative Leaps to a friend
© 2003-4 Creative
Leaps International
731 Sprout Brook Road Putnam Valley, NY 10579
tel/fax 1.845.528.5908


text:
Dia's Apple TartletPosted by ♦***Admin--Dia***♦ on February 3rd, 2009. Filed under: Macrobiotic, Vegetarian.
I had a lot of fun making these for Superbowl night last Sunday. My intention was to create an entire blog focused on a vegan Superbowl party, but instead I will be posting each dish recipe by recipe throughout the next couple of weeks.
The only slightly complicated part of these tartlets is making the mini pastry cases, and if you don't have the time you can find them at any food store. Unfortunately, they don't come vegan.
To make my vegan pastry cases:
1/2 cup of vegan spread (Pure, Earth Balance)
1 cup of flour
A splash of water
Rub the spread into the flour with your hands and when it has mixed well, add enough water to make it into a ball of dough. This can be the tricky part, so please be careful about how much water you use.
Wrap the dough in some greaseproof paper and stick in the refrigerator for a few hours.
When you are ready to roll the pastry, take the dough out and bring to room temperature.
Flour a nice big wooden chopping board or any work surface and roll out the pastry.
Take a round cookie cuter and make 24 little pastry pieces.
Place the pastry pieces in a mini tart tin. They are available at most department stores.
Bake the pastry for 20 minutes or until lightly browned at 200°Celsius (390°Fahrenheit). Let cool for 1 hour and they will turn into nice hard shortcrust pastry cases for your apple tartlet.
2 Bramley Apples
1/2 cup of white sugar (leave out for Macrobiotic recipe)
1/2 cup of dark brown sugar (leave out for Macrobiotic recipe)
1/2 cinnamon stick or as much cinnamon you like
For Macrobiotic Recipe please consider the following while substituting Agave Nectar for White and Brown Sugar:
White Sugar
For each cup of white sugar replaced, use 2/3 of a cup of agave and reduce other liquids by 1/4 to 1/3 cup. This substitution will also work for Demerara Sugar, Turbinado Sugar, Evaporated Cane Juice, or Sucanat.
Brown Sugar
For each cup of white sugar replaced, use 2/3 of a cup of agave and reduce other liquids by 1/4 cup. Because the moisture content of Brown Sugar is higher than that of white sugar, liquids may not have to be reduced as much when substituting agave nectar.
Peel and chop the apples and put into a saucepan (pot) and simmer along with the white and brown sugar, until the apples have softened. Stick in the cinnamon stick or sprinkle in as much cinnamon to your liking. I usually put a lot in because I just love the stuff.
Simmer for 15 minutes.
Get the pastry cases ready and with a teaspoon, fill in each case with the apple mixture.
There should just be enough to make 24 tartlets.
Once filled, put apple tartlets into the refrigerator overnight to set.
When ready to eat sprinkle tartlets with sifted icing sugar. This part is optional. I was inspired by the snow outside to use the icing sugar.
These apple tartlets will fill your mouth with fabulous flavors.
©Dia DiCristino


text:
Risk and Insurance in Construction
2nd Edition
By Nael G. Bunni
Routledge – 2003 – 496 pages
Routledge – 2003 – 496 pages
Those involved in construction have to cope with so much learning in their own discipline that they shun further involvement in subjects such as insurance and law which in themselves are so deeply and intensely complex. However, insurance and law are interwoven in the basic procedures used in the construction industry for undertaking work, be they design, construction, supervision or operation, or any combination of them.
This thoroughly revised edition of Nael Bunni's successful book, formerly called Insurance in Construction, provides information on risk, construction law and construction insurance for those involved with all aspects of construction. The chapters on risk have been expanded to include recent developments in the area and provide further examples of events which could occur on what can be viewed as the most risky human work activity, namely construction. New chapters are also added to deal with the insurance clauses of the many new standard forms of contract published in recent years, including FIDIC's new suite of contracts published in September 1999, ICE's seventh edition of the civil engineering standard form of contract, and ICE's second edition of the design/build form.
From the reviews of the first edition:
"Those of us in the industry, and amongst its clients, who are neither lawyers nor insurance professionals must welcome a treatise on construction insurance by a practising engineer who not only works in the construction trinity as a structural designer of high calibre but also has a long experience in, and a deep understanding of, the insurance world." - IABSE Bulletin
"Dr Bunni's book is a wise, impartial and valuable survey of the hard actualities which are involved in the relationships between client, insurers, the law and the general public, as they concern the construction industry and the way in which construction insurance operates in this environment." - Lloyd's List
"…required reading of anyone who would propose to understand some of the problems of today's very complex construction process and the solutions to those problems." - Independent Consulting Engineer
"We should all know, understand and interest ourselves in the risks of our business, for it is only the engineers who are able to identify the construction risks and therefore provide information for a contract which is based on principle of utmost good faith. This book succeeds better than any other I have seen in helping us to be able to do just that." - New Civil Engineer
Second edition:
I believe that the book could potentially inform the discerning building engineers about the complexities of insurance and law which influence the performance of their industry. It will…enlighten the readers on the nature of mutual misunderstandings held by society, clients of the industry and the legal profession, as mentioned in the Foreword, and make the readers aware of the adverse influence of such misunderstandings on resources and performance of the construction industry. - Building Engineer
The text has been revised extensively and substantially re-written…This book should form part of the library of all professionals and contractors and those involved in insurance in the construction industry. - Irish Engineers Journal
Preface. Foreword. Acknowledgements. 1. Interaction between Construction, Insurance and Law. 2. Hazards and Risks. 3. The Spectrum of Hazard and Risks in Construction. 4. The Risk as Classified in Standard Forms of Construction Contracts. 5. Responsibility and Liability in Construction. 6. Indemnity and Insurance. 7. The Insurance Scene. 8. The Insurance Clauses in Standard Forms of Contract. 9. The Insurance Clauses in FIDIC's Traditional Forms of Contract: A Proposed Redraft.10. The Insurance Clauses of the New FIDIC Forms of Contract. 11. The Insurance Clauses of the New 1999 FIDIC Forms of Contract: A Proposed Redraft. 12. Insurance Clauses of the New FIDIC Forms of Contract. 13. Professional Indemnity Insurance. 14. Alternative Methods of Insuring. Appendices. Case List. Index.
Dr Nael Bunni is a Chartered Engineer, Registered Chartered Arbitrator and Conciliator. He is Past President of the Association of Consulting Engineers of Ireland, Past Chairman of the Irish Branch of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators; and the Past President of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators, London. At present, he is a member of the Board of Directors of the London Court of International Arbitration and member of various Standing Committees of the Commission on International Arbitration of the ICC, Paris, including the Forum on ADR, the Construction Arbitration Section of the Forum on "Arbitration and New Fields" and the working Party on Turnkey Transactions of the Commission on International Commercial Practice. He is a member of ICCA and a Fellow of the Irish Academy of Engineering.
Name: Risk and Insurance in Construction: 2nd Edition (Paperback) – Routledge
Description: By Nael G. Bunni. Those involved in construction have to cope with so much learning in their own discipline that they shun further involvement in subjects such as insurance and law which in themselves are so deeply and intensely complex. However, insurance and law are...
Categories: Construction Economics, Construction Law, Construction Management


text:
Signs that Your Fuel Pump is Bad
Without a fuel pump, a car will not run. With a bad fuel pump, it may start and run for a while, or it may not start at all. When the fuel pump is working right, you will not even know that you have one. Years ago, mechanical fuel pumps would cost you about $20 for the part and hardly much more to install it. Now, electric fuel pumps that reside inside the gas tank will probably cost you at least several hundred dollars. In fact, two years ago, a shop quoted me $700 to have the fuel pump replaced on my Ford Explorer.
The warning signs of a failing fuel pump are not hard to identify. The tricky part is that they can mimic other problems in the early stages. It's often common for people to makes several less expensive repairs before determining the real issue is a bad fuel pump.
Here are some signs that your fuel pump may be close to biting the dust.
Your engine appears to miss at highway speeds.
A engine that misfires will cause the car to jerk occasionally while going along the highway. Frequently, the fuel pump will stutter for a mile or so two or three times and then run fine for the next 50 or more miles.
Your car will loses power when you accelerate from stand still.
You push down on the accelerator, and the car starts to go and suddenly seems like it is going to die. Immediately, it seems to restart and off you go. This type of problem is similar to an oxygen sensor failing.
You lose power at highway speeds, especially when you're going up a hill.
This problem is almost always a result of a fuel system failure. The fuel filter is the first culprit, but once this is ruled out, the fuel pump is the next best bet.
Your car cranks when trying to start it, but it does not hit or start.
Two issues cause this problem. The first is the timing belt or chain has broken. Without a timing belt, your car will turn over, but will not start. Almost any mechanic can figure out which one it is.


text:
Mets fend off Astros
David Wright and Ruben Tejada went deep as the New York Mets defeated the Houston Astros 2-1 Friday night at Citi Field.
The Mets won this game as -150 favorites, while the teams played UNDER the posted over/under (7) set by sportsbooks.
Mike Pelfrey tossed eight scoreless innings, giving up eight hits in picking up the win for the Mets.
Nelson Figueroa was tagged with the Astros loss, giving up three hits and two runs over his seven innings.


text:
Anniversary: Ray Jackson & Christine Jackson
Ray and Christine Jackson celebrated their 50th Wedding Anniversary on June the 26th, 2015.
- Jun. 28, 2015
You will be redirected to the page you want to view in seconds.
Ray and Christine Jackson celebrated their 50th Wedding Anniversary on June the 26th, 2015.
Boone & Brown
High School sweethearts Jack Perry Phillips and Kathleen Davis Phillips celebrated their 60th wedding anniversary Sunday June 14th, 2015. They were married in Fletcher, NC at the home of their pastor, Rev. Bill Bryant - the first couple he married. They have lived in the Mars Hill area all their lives. They have two children, David and Mark, and two grandchildren, Kyle and Carson. Jack enjoys caring for his land, helping family and friends, and using his tractor.
Lindsey Ferguson & Chris Curley
Angelina & Jason
The Stanton's will celebrate their 60th Wedding Anniversary on June 25, 2015. They were married on June 25, 1955 at Catonsville United Methodist, Catonsville, MD. Mrs. Stanton was assistant to the President at Oglethorpe University and is Past-President of the Tuscola Garden Club. Dr. Stanton is the former Interim President of Haywood Community College and is President-Emeritus of Oglethorpe University.
Larry and Mary Helen James Freeman are celebrating their 50th wedding anniversary on June 5, 2015. Larry and Mary Helen were married in the First Baptist Church, Asheville NC.
Rachel Parker Stevens and Charles Peter Chakales were married on June 6, 2015 at 5:30 in the evening. The ceremony and the reception were held at Camp Yonahnoka at the Eseeola Lodge in Linville, NC. The bride's brother, Austin Stevens of Asheville, officiated. The bride wore a full length veil, a family heirloom that was also worn by her mother, fashioned of rose point Brussels lace. Parker was the 21st family member to wear the veil.
They met in Asheville over half a century ago at Asheville Biltmore College, she a boarding student at St. Genevieve's and he a recent graduate of Lee Edwards High. Married in 1965 at St. Margaret Mary Catholic Church, they spent the next forty years in Greensboro. They retired, Pete from a career in Child Protective Services with Guilford County and Linda with the U.S. Department of Commerce, and relocated back to Asheville in 2008.
Chadwick Mathews ~ Whitney Rea
Dot & Wade Hampton
weather sponsor:
Real Deals
Flip, shop and save on specials from your favorite retailers in Asheville, NC 28802GET DEALS NOW
Sign up for access today!
Event Calendar
Quick LinksBlack Mountain News


text:
Originally written on Fox Sports West | Last updated 1/1/12
PITTSBURGH - OCTOBER 4: Quarterback Philip Rivers #17 of the San Diego Chargers throws the ball in the first quarter against the Pittsburgh Steelers at Heinz Field on October 4, 2009 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. (Photo by Gregory Shamus/Getty Images)
OAKLAND, Calif. (AP) -- For all the talk about what it would take to send Oakland to the playoffs, the Raiders were unable to accomplish the one part they could control. Philip Rivers threw three touchdown passes and Richard Goodman returned a kickoff 105 yards for another score as the San Diego Chargers ended Oakland's playoff hopes by beating the Raiders 38-26 on Sunday. The Raiders (8-8) went into the final day of the season needing to win and get help to end an eight-year playoff drought. They got the assistance they needed when Denver (8-8) lost 7-3 at home to Kansas City but were unable to do their part by beating the Chargers (8-8). The Broncos won the division based on record versus common opponents. The Chargers could only celebrate playing the role of spoiler in what may have been coach Norv Turner's final game in San Diego. If this was his last game, he ended his tenure with an offensive masterpiece as San Diego did not punt, committed just one turnover and gained 463 ...
Comments are closed.
What do you think?To leave a comment, you can:
NFL News
Delivered to your inbox
You'll also receive Yardbarker's daily Top 10, featuring the best sports stories from around the web. Customize your newsletter to get articles on your favorite sports and teams. And the best part? It's free!
Follow us on Twitter
|Best of Yardbarker
|NFL News
|MLB News
Today's Best Stuff
For Bloggers
Join the Yardbarker Network for more promotion, traffic, and money.
Company Info
What is Yardbarker?
Yardbarker is the largest network of sports blogs and pro athlete blogs on the web. This site is the hub of the Yardbarker Network, where our editors and algorithms curate the best sports content from our network and beyond.
|© 2015 Yardbarker, Inc. All rights reserved. Use of this website (including any and all parts and components) constitutes your acceptance of these Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. (What's New?)


text:
Return to the search form Return to your search results
Fall, Winter, Spring, Summer, Academic Year
Florence, Italy
2.75 GPA and in good academic and disciplinary standing
Fall 3/4, Spring 9/24, Summer 3/4
Click the Application tab.
SACI is the oldest and most prestigious American art school in Florence. The institution was founded in 1975 by painter Jules Maidoff, whose goal was to offer the finest and most challenging training to the next generation of artists, art historians, and art conservators, as well as the opportunity to live out a full, first-hand immersion within Florentine culture and customs.
• Direct access to centuries of Florentine and Italian culture;
• A wide range of art and design studio and complementary academic courses of outstanding quality;
• The opportunity to be part of an institution engaged in leading areas of research and exploration;
• The unparalleled opportunity to interact with the Florentine community through a variety of social and humanitarian programs.
For more information about Studio Art Centers International Florence, please visit their website.
Amy Bowes, Advisor
The University of Iowa
Office for Study Abroad
1111 University Capitol Centre
Iowa City, IA 52242-1802
Phone: 319-335-0353
Email: email@example.com
SACI's main facilities are two beautiful historical palazzi in the center of Florence: the Palazzo dei Cartelloni, acquired in 1999, and the Palazzo Jules Maidoff for the Visual Arts, acquired in 2010.
The Palazzo dei Cartelloni, SACI's main building, is a 29,000 square foot air-conditioned palazzo, located at Via Sant' Antonino 11. It has a beautiful gallery/exhibition space, classrooms, a library, offices, an art conservation laboratory, media facilities and studios surrounding a large, traditional Italian garden. The spacious and light-filled interiors, have been restored to their original Baroque magnificence, with painted ceilings, frescoed walls and marble floors. This location places SACI students in the vicinity of the Duomo, the churches of San Lorenzo and Santa Maria Novella, and is just steps away from the central market and the new Alinari photography museum. The Palazzo was remodeled as a residence in the 17th century for the mathematician Vincenzo Viviani, who had been a pupil of the astronomer and scientist Galileo Galilei. Viviani dedicated his home to his esteemed teacher and placed two large scrolls on the building's façade that describe the extraordinary work and achievements of his master. One notices the Palazzo immediately by the bust of Galileo that crowns the palatial entranceway. Viviani created this monument to Galileo in defiance of the papal ban that forbade honoring the work of Galileo partly because of Galileo's assertion that, "The truth of nature is more important than traditional dogma." SACI's home is, therefore, a unique monument to a man who is considered "one of the two greatest sons of Florence" (along with Michelangelo Buonarroti), an accolade inscribed on the buildings scrolls.
Furthermore, the Palazzo dei Cartelloni was built on the foundations of the houses where Francesco Del Giocondo, a wealthy Florentine silk merchant, once lived. Many scholars believe that Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa is a portrait of Lisa Gherardini, Francesco's wife. Recently discovered fragments of majolica plates and a pietraserena wash basin attributed to Benedetto da Maiano carry the Del Giocondo family crest and came from the Palazzo dei Cartelloni.
SACI's newest facility is another major palace in the center of Florence: the Jules Maidoff Palazzo for the Visual Arts, which is named after SACI's founder and director emeritus. This palazzo includes a floor with large, well-lit painting studios; SACI's new graduate center, with its own terrace and garden access; SACI's new design center and design library; fully equipped animation and fresco studios; a student lounge, with additional computers for student internet access; gallery spaces; two major lecture halls; and a beautiful Renaissance courtyard. SACI's acquisition of this palace—which has four floors and is over 2,000 square meters, has excellent light and beautiful historic rooms—offers students outstanding facilities for all SACI classes. The palazzo is opposite the Fondazione Circolo Rosselli Library, near the city archives which contain the Tarkovsky film and theater holdings, and a very short distance from Florence's newly opened Library of the Oblate, a public library for students which has late evening hours that are ideal for SACI students. Also nearby is the Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, founded in 1288, with its remarkable artistic holdings; Florence's Archaeological Museum; and the Conservatorio of Santa Maria degli Angiolini, where SACI students continue to restore the convent's artworks.
SACI apartments are fully furnished and allow students to live independently. All apartments have bathrooms and kitchens, and are fully equipped with stoves, refrigerators, heat, and hot water. The SACI accommodation fee includes reasonable utilities usage and an administrative fee. SACI apartments differ in style, furnishings and amenities. Although most have been recently renovated, there is no way to standardize student apartments - some are in buildings which date back to the Renaissance and others are only a few decades old. Please note that none of the student apartments have telephones. Students can arrange for private portable cellular phone rentals if their budgets allow. Wifi is provided in all SACI apartments.
All UI students are required to use SACI housing.
For more information see SACI's housing site.
Participants will make their own travel arrangements to Florence, taking advantage of any frequent-flyer options and/or internet specials available to them. The cost of travel is not included in the program fee.
Students must have a 2.75 GPA, and be in good academic and disciplinary standing. You must be in good academic and disciplinary standing with the university at the end of the semester, too. If you are not in good standing at the end of the semester your acceptance will be revoked and you will be responsible for the associated withdrawal fees.
Applicants with a GPA lower than 2.75 are welcome to meet with the Study Abroad advisor for this program. You can schedule a meeting by calling 319.335.0353. SACI may have additional requirements for admission if you do not meet the requirement for admissions.
•SACI Spring 2015 Cost Sheet
•SACI Summer Cost Sheet
These documents outline the total estimated costs associated with participating in this program and can be used for financial aid purposes. It includes fees charged on students' U-Bill, as well as out-of-pocket expenses. Actual out-of-pocket expenses will vary from individual to individual. Quoted estimates are conservatively high, yet realistic.
The cost sheet includes the Study Abroad Administrative Fee and Mandatory Iowa Regents CISI Travel Insurance. Please see the respective websites for further details. If the fee is inclusive of UI tuition, it is calculated by Current Tuition. Please contact your study abroad advisor with questions regarding this cost sheet – call 319-335-0353 to schedule an appointment.
Most financial aid (scholarships, grants, and loans) is applicable to study abroad programs. Please check the Study Abroad website for information on financial aid and how it may be applied to studying abroad. You are also encouraged to speak with someone at the Office of Student Financial Aid to explore financial aid options.
Scholarship Opportunities exist for study abroad participants. Please explore Study Abroad's websites for UI Study Abroad Scholarship Opportunities, and Non-UI External Awards.
Scholarships are also available directly through SACI. More information can be found on their website.
After applying for a Study Abroad Program, notice of withdrawal must be made in writing to University of Iowa Study Abroad. The date on which the letter or e-mail message is received is the date by which your costs will be calculated. If for any reason you withdraw after the confirmation deadline and before or during the course of the program, the amount/percentage shown in the following chart represents what you will be required to pay to the University of Iowa.
|Date of Withdrawal
|Student Financial Responsibility
|Within the first nine days after the confirmation deadline
|Administrative fee: $400
Portion of course fee: $100
|10-19 days past the confirmation deadline
|Administrative fee: $400
Portion of course fee: 50%
|20-44 days past the confirmation deadline
|Administrative fee: $400
Portion of course fee: 75%
|45 or more days past the confirmation deadline
|Administrative fee: 100%
Portion of course fee: 100%
Consult with your Study Abroad advisor for any clarification about fees and billing. Note that when you withdraw from a program, any money already paid directly to a program provider and/or a host university will potentially be forfeited. Check with your specific provider/host university for details. Additional penalties for cancellation of airline tickets may also apply. Check with your airline for further details.
Steps to Completing Your Application
• Complete the SACI Advisor Form and bring it with you to your meeting with the Study Abroad advisor
• Schedule an appointment to meet with Study Abroad advisor by calling 319.335.0353
• Fill out Iowa Study Abroad Application
• Fill out SACI's Application.
NOTICE: For the Summer Term, this program has late spring, summer, and late spring & summer options. In the UI online application under "Offering" you will be asked to choose between "Codes" A, B, or AB.
Code A= Late Spring
Code B= Summer
Code AB= Late Spring & Summer Sessions
Please be careful to choose the correct session that corresponds to the dates you wish to be abroad. If you need help with this, please consult your study abroad advisor.
Once SACI notifies you of your acceptance into the program, you should work on completing the documentation they need from you to complete your admission.
After you've been accepted by SACI, please schedule a meeting with the advisor in Study Abroad to go over the Credit Approval Form. If you are studying abroad during the Fall or Spring term you will also need to schedule an appointment with the participant services coordinator to discuss the student visa process. Please call 319-335-0353 to schedule. The following documents need to be turned in to UCC 1111 Study Abroad within 30 days of your acceptance:
•SACI Confirmation of Participation
•A clear copy of the identification page of your passport
Admitted Students
Checklist and Required Forms
SACI Facebook
The Florentine
Timetables and Train Ticket Information
Hotels, Restaurants, etc. in Florence


text:
Recent graduate Amanda Shuman, of Montrose, Mich., was awarded a prestigious Math for America-D.C. Fellowship. The award includes a full scholarship for master's studies and a living stipend.
July 2013 WMU News
July 2, 2013 | WMU News
July 2, 2013 | WMU News
Except for essential and emergency services, WMU offices will be closed Thursday, July 4, in observance of U.S. Independence Day. Summer classes will not meet July 4.
July 1, 2013 | WMU News
The WMU chapter of the Society for Excellence in Human Resources has received its fifth national award in six years from the Society for Human Resource Management in Alexandria, Va.
July 1, 2013 | WMU News
After leading for part of the final day, WMU's solar car, Sunseeker, fell to fifth place after batteries overheated in triple-digit temperatures in Austin, Texas. The race ran June 24-29.