text:
A method and apparatus for repair of a multi-chip module, such as a memory module, are provided where at least one redundant or auxiliary chip attach location is provided on the substrate of the multi-chip module. The auxiliary chip attach location preferably provides contacts for attachment of more than one type of replacement semiconductor chip. Accordingly, when one or more chips on the multi-chip module are found to be completely or partially defective, at least one replacement chip can be selected and attached to the auxiliary location to provide additional memory to bring the module back to its design capacity.
1. A memory module, comprising: a substrate;
at least two sites on said substrate, each of said at least two sites having mounted thereon a memory chip with substantially the same memory capacity, said memory chips providing a memory capacity for said memory module; and
at least one other site on said substrate for mounting at least one additional memory chip thereon, said at least one additional memory chip having a functional memory less than said memory capacity of said memory module.
2. A memory module, comprising:
a substrate;
at least two sites on said substrate, each of said at least two sites having mounted thereon a memory chip with substantially the same memory capacity, said memory chips providing a memory capacity for said memory module; and
at least one other site on said substrate configured to accept either of at least two other memory chips of different sizes.
3. A memory module, comprising:
a substrate having a plurality of memory chips mounted thereon; and
a programmable device adapted to reroute input and output paths to and from said plurality of memory chips to bypass nonfunctional memory in at least one of said plurality of memory chips, extending to one or more additional locations on said substrate and configured to incorporate functional memory of one or more additional chips disposed at said one or more additional locations and selected in relation to an amount of detected nonfunctional memory of said plurality of memory chips on said substrate into said rerouted input and output paths.
4. The memory module of
5. The memory module of
6. The memory module of
7. The memory module of
8. A memory module comprising:
a plurality of chips mounted to a substrate, said plurality of chips collectively exhibiting an amount of detected nonfunctional memory exceeding a memory capacity of any one chip of said plurality; and
at least one additional memory chip mounted to said substrate providing an amount of functional memory selected in relation to and equal to or greater than said amount of detected nonfunctional memory.
9. The module of
10. The memory module of
11. The memory module of
12. The memory module of
13. The memory module of
14. The memory module of
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 09/652,274, filed Aug. 31, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,274,390 B1, issued Aug. 14, 2001, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 09/443,080, filed Nov. 18, 1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,215,181 B1, issued Apr. 10, 2001, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/728,302, filed Oct. 8, 1996, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,008,538, issued Dec. 28, 1999.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to single in-line memory modules (SIMMs), dual in-line memory modules (DIMMs), and the like, and, more specifically, to SIMM, DIMM and other memory module boards providing at least one extra die site for attachment of an additional die to replace a defective die or dice thereon.
2. State of the Art
An integrated circuit (IC) typically includes a semiconductor die (die) electrically attached to a lead frame providing physical support for the die and connecting the die to external circuitry, such as a printed circuit board or other conductor-carrying substrate. In such an arrangement, the lead frame and die may be connected by wire bonding the lead fingers of the lead frame to contact or bond pads located on a surface of the die. The die and lead frame are then typically encapsulated within a transfer-molded plastic package, although ceramic and metal packages may also be used, depending on the operating environment and the packaging requirements of the die.
As the demand for memory, in particular random access memory (RAM), surpassed the memory capability of a single die, multi-chip modules (MCMs) were developed, such modules having a number of memory devices attached to a single substrate, such as a printed circuit board. A SIMM is a memory module having multiples of the same basic die, where the semiconductor memory chips are aligned in a row and interconnected to a printed circuit board to, in effect, create a single device with the memory capacity of the combined memory chips. An example of a SIMM, including a plurality of dynamic random access memory devices (DRAMs) used as memory in a computer, is illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 4,992,850, issued Feb. 12, 1991, to Corbett et al., assigned to the assignee of the present invention. As the demand for additional memory on a single device has increased, other devices, such as dual in-line memory modules (DIMMs), have also been developed. Such devices, while providing the desired memory capability on a single printed circuit board, present unique problems for the manufacturer when one or more of the semiconductor memory chips thereon fail.
It is well known that semiconductor dice have an early failure rate, often referred to in reliability terms as "infant mortality." Moreover, infant mortality of MCMs is multiplied depending on the number of individual semiconductor dice provided therein. For example, a SIMM composed of ten dice, each die having an individual reliability yield of 95%, would result in a first pass test yield of less than 60%, while a SIMM composed of twenty dice, each die having an individual reliability yield of 95%, would produce a first pass test yield of less than 36%.
When a single packaged die, such as a dual in-line package (DIP), fails, a manufacturer can attempt to repair the device, use the device for some reduced capacity function if the device is only partially defective, or scrap it. When complete failure of a die has not occurred and a portion of the memory is good (e.g., 1, 2, or 3 megabits of a 4-megabit chip), such a device is not typically useful. For MCMs such as a SIMM, where a number of semiconductor dice are attached to a single substrate, however, it may not be possible to use the device for some reduced capacity function and it is surely not desirable to scrap the entire MCM when some, if not most, of the dice attached thereto are not defective. Thus, the manufacturer is left with the somewhat costly process of reworking the MCM, typically by removing the defective chips and replacing them with new ones. Such a procedure is described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,239,747 and 5,461,544, where a SIMM having a specialized trace pattern suitable for both burn-in and individual die testing is tested to determine if any of the semiconductor devices mounted thereon are non-functional and, if so, either the defective device is replaced with a device which has been subjected to burn-in, or the entire multi-chip module can be subjected to another burn-in process after the replacement of the defective device. The defective devices, however, are merely replaced by removing the defective device and replacing it with another device either previously subjected to burn-in or not. This rework process can be complicated, time consuming and costly, depending upon the type of device, the type of mounting of the device on the substrate, and the type of substrate used for mounting. For example, plastic-packaged devices are typically physically pulled to disconnect their leads from the module, while so-called "glob topped" (silicone or epoxy gel covering) dice may be removed after cutting through the encapsulant to the wire-bonded die, which is pulled. In addition, since replacing multiple unacceptable dice on a MCM poses physical risks to other MCM dice during the replacement operation, it may be desirable to discard such a MCM rather than attempt rework, particularly where the reliability of the replacement die is not known.
Depending on the extent of testing and/or burn-in procedures employed, a die may typically be classified into varying levels of reliability and quality. For example, a die may meet only minimal quality standards by undergoing standard probe testing or ground testing while still in wafer form, while individual separated or "singulated" dice may be subjected to intelligent burn-in at full-range temperatures with full testing of the die's circuitry. A die that has been so tested is termed a "known good die" (KGD). Examples of methods for the testing and burn-in of an individual die prior to packaging are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,448,165 and 5,475,317.
A cost-effective method for producing known reliable SIMMs, DIMMs, and the like, with larger numbers of chips on a single device is desirable for industry acceptance and use. In an attempt to provide known reliable SIMMs complying with consumer requirements, it would be desirable to fabricate the SIMM completely of KGD. Using only KGD in a SIMM, however, would not currently be cost effective since each KGD has to be subjected to performance and burn-in testing, both of which are costly at this point in time. Typically, however, SIMMs are fabricated from probe-tested dice, and are subsequently burned-in and performance tested. In contrast to the use of all KGD in a SIMM, when using dice with well known production and reliability histories, particularly where the dice being used are known to have a low infant mortality rate, the use of such minimally tested dice to produce a SIMM is usually found to be the most cost effective alternative.
As previously stated, since typical testing and burn-in procedures are generally labor and time intensive, posing significant risks to the dice of a SIMM, in the event that a SIMM contains an unacceptable die, replacement of the unacceptable die with a KGD is preferable. Module rework with a KGD does not typically require the SIMM to be subjected to additional burn-in procedures that can unnecessarily stress the dice. An example of a method and apparatus for the testing and burn-in of an individual die prior to packaging is illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 5,424,652, issued Jun. 13, 1995, to Hembree et al., assigned to the assignee of the present invention. Such a method and apparatus provide a source of KGD to allow for the rework of an unacceptable die in a MCM with a KGD. In other instances, it is known to test a die in a package for functionality and replace any defective die. Such is illustrated in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,137,836, 5,378,981, and 5,468,655.
One way in the art to eliminate the need to physically remove defective or unacceptable dice from a SIMM has been to provide additional, redundant spaces on the printed circuit board for attachment of replacement chips. Thus, one additional space has been provided adjacent each memory chip on the board, the additional spaces providing contacts for attachment of a semiconductor chip similar to the one it is replacing. For example, if a 32-megabit SIMM contains eight 4-megabit chips, then eight additional spaces are provided on the SIMM, configured to accept up to eight additional 4-megabit chips, if necessary. Such a configuration, however, results in a memory module that is approximately twice as big as a memory module having no extra spaces.
Therefore, a need exists for the cost-efficient fabrication of SIMMs, DIMMs, and the like, of known performance and reliability requirements that requires a minimal amount of rework when one or more dice attached thereto are found defective.
Accordingly, a memory module, such as a single in-line memory module (SIMM) or dual in-line memory module (IMM), is provided having at least one redundant or auxiliary chip attach location for attachment of a replacement chip. When one or more dice on a memory module are found defective, one or more replacement chips can be attached to the one or more auxiliary chip attach locations with the size of the replacement chips being at least equal to the amount of defective memory. Thus, the defective dice can be replaced without needing to be physically removed. Moreover, by providing auxiliary chip attach locations that can accept different sizes and memory capacities of replacement semiconductor chips, one replacement chip can replace several defective chips on the memory module.
In a preferred embodiment, a SIMM or DIMM board is provided having a plurality of primary chip attach locations and one auxiliary chip attach location. Each of the plurality of primary chip attach locations is similarly configured to accept the same type of semiconductor chip, such as a number of 4-megabit chips. The auxiliary chip attach location, on the other hand, is configured to accept more than one capacity of replacement semiconductor chip. Thus, depending on the amount of defective memory detected on the SIMM, a replacement chip having at least that amount of good memory can be attached to the auxiliary chip attach location. Consequently, the replacement chip may be a 1-megabit chip, if only one (1) megabit of memory is found defective, or a 4-megabit chip, if an entire 4-megabit chip is found to be defective, the configuration of the auxiliary chip attach location being capable of accepting either replacement chip.
In another preferred embodiment, a SIMM or DIMM is provided having two rows of the same type of semiconductor memory chip and a redundant or additional chip attach location for accepting a variety of semiconductor memory chips. The redundant chip attach location is electronically connected in parallel to the rest of the memory chips so that if one or more memory chips are found defective, an auxiliary replacement chip having an amount of memory approximately equal to that found defective can be attached to the additional chip attach location.
Having the capability to easily and cost effectively rework memory modules without the need to remove defective chips or the need to substitute defective chips on a one-to-one basis is highly desirable. The ability to provide auxiliary chip attach locations that can accommodate a plurality of different chip configurations not only makes rework more simple, but allows memory modules with large numbers of chips to be cost effective. For example, in yet another preferred embodiment, a memory module having three rows of similar memory chips is provided with more than one auxiliary chip attach location, each of the auxiliary chip attach locations being capable of receiving more than one type of semiconductor die. Thus, if only one of the many chips provided thereon fails entirely, then one substantially identically configured chip can be attached to any one of the three auxiliary chip attach locations. If more than one memory chip fails or more defective memory is located than can be replaced with a single auxiliary chip, then, if necessary, more than one replacement chip can be attached to any one or more of the three auxiliary chip attach locations.
In yet another preferred embodiment, rather than having all of the auxiliary chip attach locations capable of receiving variously configured chips, at least two auxiliary chip attach locations are each provided with different configurations. Thus, depending on the number of bad memory chips, one or more chips having a combined memory capacity substantially equal to the bad memory can be attached to the auxiliary chip attach locations. For example, on a DIMM with five defective 4-megabit chips found, a replacement 16-megabit chip can be attached to the auxiliary chip attach location configured to receive 16-megabit chips and a replacement 4-megabit chip can be attached to the auxiliary chip attach location configured to receive a 4-megabit chip.
Preferably, the replacement chips are KGD so that the additional burn-in is not required on the memory module. Moreover, the KGD may be partially defective dice or "partials" that are known to be good for a certain capacity of memory (e.g., 3 megabits of a 4-megabit chip). This is particularly attractive, since a high percentage (approaching 50%) for some designs of 16-megabit DRAMS is partially or completely defective, while 5-10% of 4-megabit DRAMS comprise partials. Since partials might otherwise be discarded, beneficial use thereof as replacement chips enhances the effective yield rate for the chips and lowers per-unit memory costs.
Thus, for example, for a SIMM having a design memory capacity of 32 megabits with 7 of the 32 megabits tested defective, a replacement partial 16-megabit chip known to be good for 7 megabits could be attached to an auxiliary location. The defective memory of 7 megabits on the primary chip(s) could then be disabled. Similarly, for a 32-megabit memory module with 7 bad megabits of memory and more than one auxiliary chip attach location, a replacement full 4-megabit KGD and a 3-megabit "partial" KGD could be attached to two of the auxiliary chip attach locations.
Referring to
Longitudinally extending along one edge 18 of the SIMM 10, a male socket-type electrical connection 20 is provided having a plurality of electrical contacts 22 configured to interface with a SIMM socket as known in the art. Each of the chips 14 is electrically connected to one or more of the plurality of electrical contacts 22 through various electrical traces carried in or on the substrate 12, as known in the art.
In addition to the standard or primary chip attach locations for the chips 14, a redundant or auxiliary chip attach location 24 is provided on the surface 16. The auxiliary chip attach location 24 is provided with a plurality of contact points or terminals 26 that can be connected to more than one type of replacement semiconductor chip. As shown in
Accordingly, if during intelligent burn-in of the SIMM 10 one of the ten chips 14 shown in
It should be noted that the replacement chip may be attached to the module by a technique different from that used to connect chips 14. Thus, the replacement chip may be wire-bonded for ease of attachment, while the chips 14 were flip-chip attached by solder reflow. The replacement chip may then be separately glob-topped or otherwise protected after wire bonding, the primary chips having been previously underfilled and encapsulated during initial fabrication of the module.
Referring now to
As illustrated in
Similarly, in
As illustrated in
As shown in
It is also contemplated that various other memory modules known in the art, such as the DRAM card 120 illustrated in
Finally, as shown in
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various methods can be used to achieve the desired memory capability of the memory device, such as use of enabling and/or disabling devices 118 located on each chip 116 of FIG. 7. The enabling and/or disabling devices 118 may include fuses, antifuses, and other such devices known in the art that can fully or partially disable the memory capacity of a chip 116. Furthermore, a programmable device, such as a so-called "traffic control" EEPROM, as known in the art, may be installed on each module and programmed based on burn-in results to reroute input and output paths and link the new KGD auxiliary chips to the remainder of memory on the module so as to present an interface to the mother board or other higher-level packaging, which is indistinguishable to the host system from a perfect as-fabricated module with 100% good primary or original memory. Such a traffic control EEPROM is illustrated at 86 in FIG. 5.
Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the number and configuration of auxiliary chip attach locations may vary, depending on the configuration of replacement chips and the needs of the user. Further, while the invention has been described with relation to memory devices, the invention may be practiced on many other multi-chip modules where a single chip attach location having the capability to accept various semiconductor devices could reduce the time and cost associated with rework.
It should be noted that the term "chip," as used in the specification and appended claims, is intended as exemplary and not limiting, the invention having applicability to any packaged die, bare die, and/or any intermediate product thereof. In addition, while the preferred embodiments were illustrated as being flip-chip bonded to the substrate, the dice, whether replacement or otherwise, may be wire bonded or otherwise electrically attached to the substrate as known in the art.
It will also be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art that one or more features of any of the illustrated embodiments may be combined with one or more features from another to form yet another combination within the scope of the invention as described and claimed herein. Thus, while certain representative embodiments and details have been shown for purposes of illustrating the invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the invention disclosed herein may be made without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.
Patent Citations
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HIGH in the French Alps not far from the city of Grenoble, the photocopying giant Xerox mapped out its vision of the future earlier this month. It wasn't quite what many observers expected.
It used to be fashionable to sing the praises of electronic documents and prophesy the imminent demise of boring old paper. Xerox has been leading the choir for as long as 30 years, and for most of that time it would have seemed unimaginable that as the company entered the 21st century it would be betting its future on paper.
But despite the prophets' predictions, we seem to be using more paper than ever, and now Xerox thinks it is well placed to cash in on the trend. Its plan is to bridge the gap between electronic documents and their paper cousins and to make paper just as interactive and flexible as digital.
It's an ambitious goal, ...
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subset: commoncrawl


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May 15, 2011
If you carefully inspect your home plus the stores you shop at you'll find them loaded with American brand name imports from clothing to Christmas and Easter decorations to electronic components and nearly everything in between right down to G.E light bulbs. This includes many of America's most darling Wall Street companies from Apple to HP and even Ford and Chevy. ABC News with Diane Sawyer recently reported on this in a series Made in America and their revelations have taken some folks by surprise. Perhaps some of us have been buying our goods with eyes wide shut.
I've been encouraging people to inspect their homes and conduct store surveys for a while and have reported on this in detail over the last couple of years:
American Protectionism – 30 Years Too Late
Is a Global Trade War Avoidable?
Have America's Business and Political Leaders cooked our Goose?
U.S Taxpayers taking it up the Kazoo
The ABC series Made in America began by removing the imported products from the homes of several participants leaving virtually nothing left right down to the kitchen sink. Diane Sawyer and her team expressed shock over these findings. They restocked the homes with made in America products and found it a bit of a challenge, not impossible, but a challenge. Some products like toasters, coffee makers, and most electronic gadgets are all imported. Interestingly ABC is owned by Disney. Most Disney souvenirs are made overseas but Diane Sawyer doesn't mention it. They are also careful not to point out the obvious; that most of the cast out imported products were foreign made American brand products. ABC is now promoting a campaign encouraging us consumers to do our part to bring jobs back to America and lower our trade deficit by taking the "Buy American Pledge" and refuse to spend at least $20 on Chinese made imports. They encourage you to inspect the packaging and see where the products are made. I suggest you also note the brand name, in most cases it will be an American company.
It appears a movement is stirring with folks "taking the pledge." The other day a friend sent me an email chain titled "Did you see Diane Sawyer's report on ABC" encouraging us to take the pledge. But I have a suggestion, why don't American companies take a pledge and bring back our manufacturing and hire Americans to make their products?
MSN (owned by a division of Microsoft) weighs in on the subject now in What if you had to buy American but takes a different pitch then ABC. Their angle is to spook the consumer with how disruptive it will be to the U.S economy if we were to buy only made in America products. And in truth it would be disruptive, for the MNC's. The article gives an accurate glimpse into the complex global economy and the integrated relationships that exist between U.S MNC's and their overseas affiliates. And it's true as the article points out consumers prefer to pay less for goods whenever possible. Consumers are like companies who want to pay less as well by seeking cheaper labor and lower their production cost to improve their profits. And it's true that production cost in 3rd world countries are considerably less in comparison to here in the U.S.
We are fully engaged in a global economy and we've traversed a long way down that road now. While the vast majority of America's consumers slept most of our companies outsourced their manufacturing abroad with few of us noticing other than our jobs were vanishing.
The MSN article goes astray by presenting a 'what if market economy' scenario that no longer exists nor is practical by today's standards. You couldn't buy only American made products if you wanted to in that as we've established a hefty amount of American brands are Chinese made imports themselves. I suspect an underlying motive behind the article is U.S MNC's need to thwart this movement. They've made large investments over the past 30 years establishing the infrastructure and moving their manufacturing abroad for consumers to pull some sort of coup d'étatnow. If the movement were to really gain traction most of America's biggest Wall Street darlings and many smaller companies as well could see plunging sales.
The propaganda the corporate media and some politicians spin about China, India, and other 3rd world countries as the bad guys in this equation is a smoke screen. Think about it; who took the manufacturing over there in the first place?
The U.S average annual trade imbalance is about $550 billion. Excluding our imported petroleum products which make up about 18% of our total imports, at least 60% or more are American Brands imported as a consequence of outsourced manufacturing. If these products were made here the trade imbalance might not be so large. Since the products are not made here they are not fully credited to our GDP. As most understand our economy loses the wages our workers would earn if produced here and the tax revenue the states and Fed would collect from those wages. In addition it is legal for companies to register their product licenses and shelter income in tax havens abroad to avoid taxes.
Although I single out Apple here bear in mind this issue applies to all U.S MNC's with overseas manufacturing. It's been reported that Apple sold over 15 million iPad's the first nine months when introduced – 15 million units assembled in China. The iPad2 when introduced sold more than 500,000 the first weekend. Only a fractional value of this production is credited to our GDP. Our national economy loses out on the wages and the tax revenue the government would have collected had they been made here. In addition companies like Apple can park their profits offshore to shelter the income from taxes.
Amazon's retail price for the iPad first generation is $435 and the iPad2 is listed at $569. What does it cost to assemble in China? Would you say perhaps half the retail cost but probably much less? Let's say Apple has sold 20 million combined iPad units by now. 20 million times an estimated half retail price for an average production cost of $250 equals about $5 billion dollars. As mentioned this is not fully credited to our GDP.
How many wage earners are required to manufacturer 20 million iPad units? Chinese company Foxconn a contract manufacturer with companies like Apple make the iPad, iPhone and IPod reportedly has about 450,000 employees. You can review their list of prestigious clients listed here. Other similar contract manufacturers like Foxconn in China and elsewhere often do not have their own proprietary products. They solely produce private label products for companies like Apple, HP and many others. Many of these contract manufactures are affiliates of U.S and other foreign multinational companies (MNC).
It's important to understand the fundamental dynamics of the U.S – China trade partnership and how U.S. MNC's benefit through this partnership in terms of the profits they derive beginning with cheap labor to the debasement of the U.S dollar plus other factors. These series of articles by Charles Hugh Smith can enlighten those wishing to gain a better understanding of this partnership:
Capital Exploits Labor: the U.S.-China Trade and Beyond
To reap a fat [corporate] profit, you need to sell the [American branded] stuff being imported from the American-owned factories in China…the Federal Reserve, has run into a spot of bother…the only way to keep [corporate] profits rising is to crash the dollar, and doing that has squeezed the purchasing power of the debt donkeys. By exporting inflation to China and the rest of the world, the Fed has engineered massive profits for U.S. corporations (when profits earned overseas are stated in dollars, presto, a 10% increase) but it has also forced China into raising prices and fueled an oil and import-driven inflation in the U.S. which has caused millions of insolvent households living paycheck to paycheck to cut back on their consumption…
[U.S Fed Quantitative easing policies inject liquidity by]… boosting bank reserves (what QE accomplishes) [that] enables additional leveraged 20-to-1 (or more) lending. QE also keeps U.S. interest rates near-zero, which encourages a carry-trade of dollars flowing around the globe seeking higher returns and offsets to global inflation, which is certainly higher than officially recognized. It's this flow of cash that's driving up commodity costs.
The key dynamic is the linkage of the Renminbi (Yuan) and the U.S. dollar. When the dollar tanks, oil rises when priced in dollars–and thus it also rises when priced in Yuan. Thus the decline of the dollar and the consequent rise in commodities has directly fueled inflation in China, which is more dependent on a per capita basis on materials than the U.S…Yes, the Yuan peg has declined from the 8.5 range down to 6.5 to the USD, but it is still firmly pegged. As the cost of materials priced in dollars soars, it feeds higher input costs in China.
Your Pick, Ben, But One Goes Off the Cliff
For the past three years, Ben has been trying to resuscitate the real economy via "the wealth effect": if your portfolio of stocks is rising, then you'll feel richer and your "animal spirits" of borrowing and spending will be aroused. The only proven way to goose stocks is to crush the dollar so overseas corporate earnings will be boosted by the currency depreciation (when transferred back into dollars, even flat profits look like they're rising), and U.S. exports will be cheaper to our trading partners.
Flooding the U.S. market with liquidity and keeping interest rates at zero had another consequence, one adamantly denied by the Ministry of Truth: it sparked a carry trade in which cheap dollars could be borrowed for next to nothing and exported around the world to seek higher returns.
Unsurprisingly, much of this free money flowed into commodities, which retained their value as the Fed pushed the dollar down. Also unsurprisingly, oil exporters raised the price of their oil in dollars as the dollar tanked.
U.S MNC's began outsourcing their manufacturing in the late 1970's accelerating in the 1990s through to the present. There is an observable pattern in these charts of corporate profits (see chart 'U.S Corporate profits 1980 – 2010') and the decline of the dollar.
We find ourselves in one a hell of a fix. Whether we like it or not we're fully engaged in an integrated and complex global economy. Workers around the globe compete for the same jobs. Companies can easily shift production to lower cost areas and countries eager for growth and improved living standards will gladly accommodate. Wages and production cost in the U.S and Western Europe face stiff competition from these lower cost countries. In the U.S wages have been stagnant and declining steadily for several years now. The impact of this global wage competition cast a huge shadow over the U.S standard of living with the effects becoming more obvious every day.
I don't know what the future holds but situations are ripe for a global trade war but can it be avoided?
Historically when people and the institutions we create have felt threatened some defensive actions eventually follows. Can we transcend our past? The potential of a trade war…is in a real sense the first major test to globalization. It is in essence a clash between old world and new world business and governmental models coming to a head. It is also about striking a balance between the needs that best serve those of corporations versus those that best serve working people around the globe and …today transcend national sovereignty issues with governments finding themselves somewhere in between. It is a test as to whether capitalism can survive in this new world order and whether the world can find a way to share fully in its potential abundance.
Mitch Gurney


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The SocialMedia.org Disclosure Toolkit
This document is a series of checklists to help companies, their employees, and their agencies create social media policies.
Our goal is not to create or propose new industry standards or rules. These checklists are open-source training tools designed to help educate employees on the appropriate ways to interact with the social media community and comply with the law.
When we first released the Toolkit in July 2008, many members of the social media community saw these issues as a matter of opinion or intellectual debate. With the FTC's October 2010 release of the Guides Concerning the Use of Endorsements and Testimonials in Advertising, it's clear that proper social media ethics are a matter of law, not personal preference.
SocialMedia.org's Three Guides for Safe Social Media Outreach summarizes the fundamental obligations required for marketers to stay safe:
- Require disclosure and truthfulness in social media outreach.
- Monitor the conversation and correct misstatements.
- Create social media policies and training programs.
The FTC has also made it clear that the best way to protect your company from legal trouble is by establishing formal disclosure policies for your staff, agencies, and subcontractors.
How to Use This Toolkit
- The Toolkit is a series of checklists to help you create a social media policy for your company.
- Use the checklists to make sure you are covering all the key requirements and risk factors.
- Discuss these issues with every department involved in social media: marketing, communications, legal, HR, sales, customer service, etc.
- Create a social media policy in the form that best fits your organization's specific needs and operations. The format isn't important. It can be a stand-alone policy or it can be integrated into existing policies.
- Create a training program to share the results with your entire company.
- Share your policies with your agencies, consultants, and contractors and insist that they meet or exceed your standards.
The Toolkit is not a policy or ethics code. SocialMedia.org is not an association, standards, or enforcement organization.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the purpose of these guidelines?
- Create a training tool
- Set a baseline of best practices
- Educate companies that are creating a social media policy for the first time
- Simplify a complicated topic
Are these rules mandatory or binding?
No, these are best practices for developing your own internal guidelines. SocialMedia.org is not a trade association or standards body, so we don't have the mandate or authority to set binding rules. We are a community that enables companies to learn from each other and collaboratively develop best practice recommendations.
Are you regulating social media?
No, not at all. This is an open-source training tool for companies that want to learn the right way to interact with social media. We are teaching and sharing our experiences.
What is SocialMedia.org's role?
We are a community of big brands that share insights and experiences with each other. We drafted this document to make it easier to share our learnings with everyone.
How does this relate to the FTC's rules?
The FTC specifically recommends that companies create a formal social media policy. This Toolkit helps you do just that. The checklists here will help you ensure that you have all your bases covered.
Are you accepting feedback?
Yes. We welcome and invite all interested parties to add their opinion and contribute toward improving the guidelines. We'll continue to update the Toolkit based on community feedback.
This is an Open Source Document
This is a living document that will continue to evolve with community feedback and participation. Share and change this document as much as you like. It is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Please attribute SocialMedia.org and link to www.socialmedia.org/disclosure. We also encourage you to share your changes with the group by emailing firstname.lastname@example.com.
Checklist 1: Disclosure of Identity
Focus: Best practices for how employees and agencies acting as official corporate representatives disclose their identity when using social media.
When communicating via social media on behalf of our company or on topics related to the business of our company, we will:
- Disclose who we are, who we work for, and any other relevant affiliations from the very first encounter.
- Disclose any business/client relationship if we are communicating on behalf of another party.
- Ensure that all disclosure meets the minimum legal standard by being a) clear and conspicuous, b) understandable by the average reader, and c) clearly visible within the relevant content.
- Require all employees to disclose their employer when using social media to communicate on behalf of the company or about company-related topics.
- Make certain that disclosure is sufficient so that the average reader understands that our company is responsible for the content, while they are reading the content.
- Comply with all laws and regulations regarding disclosure of identity.
- Pseudonyms:
(Option A) Never use a false or obscured identity or pseudonym.
(Option B) If aliases or role accounts are used for employee privacy, security, or other business reasons, these identities will clearly indicate the organization represented and provide means for two-way communications with that alias.
- Provide a means of communicating with our company in order to verify our involvement in a particular item of social media content.
- Instruct all employees, agencies, and advocates with whom we have a formal relationship on these disclosure policies and require them to comply.
Checklist 2: Personal and Unofficial Social Media Participation
Focus: Best practices for employees who talk about company-related issues at any time in their personal social media participation.
For personal blogs or social media interactions:
- If employees write anything related to the business of their employer on personal pages, posts, and comments, they will clearly identify their business affiliation.
- The manner of disclosure can be flexible as long as it is a) clear and conspicuous, b) understandable by the average reader, and c) clearly visible within the relevant content. (Example disclosure methods could include: usernames that include the company name, or a statement in the post or comment itself, "I work for __
__ and this is my personal opinion.")
- Employees will specifically clarify which post or comments are their own opinions vs. official corporate statements.
- Writing which does not mention work-related topics does not need to mention the employment relationship.
- If employees post or comment anonymously, they should not discuss matters related to the business of their employer. If employer-related topics are mentioned, they should disclose their affiliation with the company.
Checklist 3: Social Media Outreach Campaigns
Focus: Best practices for how businesses interact with external bloggers, social media sites, advocates, and communities.
When communicating to the social media community on behalf of our company, we will:
- Comply with all laws and regulations regarding disclosure of identity.
- Disclose who we are, who we work for, and any other relevant affiliations from the very first encounter.
- Proactively ask the recipient of the outreach to be transparent and fully disclose their relationship and communications with our company.
- Instruct them on the importance of disclosure and ask them to meet or exceed our disclosure guidelines.
- Never use off-topic or misplaced posts, comments, or tags for promotional intent.
- Never take action contrary to the specific boundaries, terms and conditions, and community guidelines set by each site, social network, or community.
- Not use services or technologies for mass-posting comments.
- Use extreme care when communicating with minors or using social networks intended for minors.
- Contractually guarantee that any third-party outreach program we participate in meets or exceeds our internal standards.
Checklist 4: Truthfulness
Focus: Best practices for ensuring truthfulness and honesty in all social media communications, publications, and interactions.
When communicating via social media, or asking others to communicate via social media on our behalf, we will:
- Always be truthful.
- Ensure that information and claims provided to advocates, consumers, and social media sites are factual, honest, and accurate.
- Never ask someone else to deceive readers for us.
- Never ask advocates to write something they do not believe.
- Never ask advocates to endorse a product they have not used personally or create any other form of false endorsement.
- Insist that all opinions shared with the public express the honest and authentic opinion of the consumer or advocate without manipulation or falsification.
- Ensure that all individuals who are speaking for us are free to form their own opinions and share all feedback, including negative feedback.
Checklist 5: Advocacy Programs
Focus: Best practices for disclosure when working with evangelists, advocates, or other members of a formal grassroots social media or word of mouth program.
In order to ensure full disclosure when working with advocates in a formal program, we will:
- Instruct advocates to disclose any formal or long-term relationship they have with us, including participation in any advocacy programs or campaigns.
- Instruct advocates to fully disclose any and all benefits, access, information, or anything else received as a result of participation that would not be provided to the general public.
- Ensure that all disclosure meets the minimum legal standard by being a) clear and conspicuous, b) understandable by the average reader, and c) clearly visible within the relevant content.
- Provide formal training to the advocates about proper disclosure practices.
- Discontinue relationships with advocates if they fail to disclose their relationship with us.
- Require that any intermediary helping us reach advocates is requiring their downstream contacts to meet or exceed our standards.
- Contractually guarantee that any third-party outreach program we participate in meets or exceeds our internal standards.
Checklist 6: Compensation and Incentives
Focus: Best practices for disclosure when providing incentives to bloggers or other social media advocates.
When providing advocates with any form of compensation such as rewards, incentives, promotional items, gifts, samples, or review items, we will:
- Instruct advocates to fully disclose the source and nature of any compensation received.
- Ensure that all disclosure meets the minimum legal standard by being a) clear and conspicuous, b) understandable by the average reader, and c) clearly visible within the relevant content.
- Discontinue relationships with advocates if they fail to disclose their relationship with us and any compensation received.
- Set a formal policy on disposition of incentives. Examples of such policies include:
- Review products can be returned at their own discretion.
- Review products must be returned or paid for at fair market value.
- Items of nominal value (low cost product samples or consumables) may be kept.
- Review products should be returned, paid for, or retained by the blogger or social media advocate based on standards for the specific industry. (Examples: restaurant reviewers pay for the meal; tech reviewers return the product; hotels provide complimentary stays.)
- Communicate these policies clearly to the advocate in advance and require that they follow the policies in any resulting social media communications.
- Communicate that advocates will only use their own words to express their honest personal opinions. Advocates who receive compensation or samples are not obligated to comment at all, and they are free to comment in a positive, negative, or neutral fashion.
- Clearly separate advertising from editorial. Paid posts, comments, or reviews should be considered advertisements. They must clearly be labeled as such. At no time should paid advertisements appear to be social media content. Example: Paying for a blog post is deceptive because it is disguising advertising as editorial content. Even with disclosure, the average reader would assume it is a blog post containing the personal opinion of the author.
- Not manipulate advertising, link-trading, or affiliate programs to impact blogger income or traffic.
Checklist 7: Agency and Contractor Disclosure
Focus: Best practices for social media vendors, agencies, and subcontractors that act on behalf of a company.
When using external agencies or personnel to communicate on our behalf, we will:
- Formally instruct agencies and all personnel working on behalf of our company on our disclosure requirements.
- Require agencies and agency personnel to meet or exceed our internal disclosure requirements.
- Require agencies to enforce these requirements on their subcontractors.
- Require agencies and their personnel to disclose their relationship with our company in a clear and conspicuous manner when conducting social media outreach.
- Inform our staff and agencies that the FTC has indicated the client is fully responsible and liable for all inappropriate actions of their agencies, their subcontractors, and the advocates they recruit.
- Publicly acknowledge when our agency and/or related parties act contrary to these policies and quickly take corrective action where possible.
- Always discuss and secure formal agreement on these practices before entering into a business relationship with an agency involved in social media.
Checklist 8: Vendor Questionnaire
Focus: Questions to ask a social media vendor that may reveal a potential ethics problem.
Before working with a social media agency, we will ask:
- Does the agency have social media policies and ethics training programs?
- Has every person assigned to our account received formal social media disclosure training?
- Do they have procedures to train all subcontractors (and subcontractors' employees) assigned to our account?
- Do they have reporting and operational review procedures in place that will ensure full compliance with all social media disclosure standards?
- Do their personnel always disclose their relationship with us?
- Do they forbid the blurring of identification in ways that might confuse or mislead consumers?
- Do they keep detailed records of social media outreach, contacts, posts, and comments by their people?
- Do they have a plan to follow up on all outreach to ensure resulting posts and comments are properly disclosed?
- Do they forbid the use of expressly deceptive practices, such as impersonating consumers; concealing true identities; lying about factors such as age, gender, race, familiarity with or use of product; or other circumstances intended to enhance the credibility of the advocate while deliberately misleading the public?
- Have they previously engaged in unethical practices? If they have ever engaged in such practices in the past, do they now prohibit them, and will they guarantee that they will not use employees who have engaged in fraudulent practices to work on our behalf?
- Can we rely on them to raise the bar on social media ethics, or do we need to monitor them or their subcontractors closely?
- Do they meet or exceed our high standards of ethical behavior and practice, and are they willing to provide written guarantees for their own work as well as that of all subcontractors?
Checklist 9: Monitor and Respond
Focus: Best practices to monitor the results of social media outreach to ensure proper disclosure and truthfulness, including best practices for good-faith efforts to attempt to correct misstatements and misrepresentations.
In order to correctly monitor our social media outreach for disclosure and factual errors, we will:
- Monitor the statements by our advocates that result from our communications and programs.
- Keep a record of advocates contacted by us, as well as the information and incentives provided to them.
- Attempt to correct any misrepresentations or inaccurate statements that result from our outreach.
- Attempt to correct any missing disclosure by our advocates or representatives.
- Keep a record of all attempts to correct errors.
- Discontinue any relationship with an advocate or representative who repeatedly fails to meet disclosure or truthfulness requirements.
- Set a policy that "we didn't know" is not acceptable at our company.
Checklist 10: Policies and Training
Focus: Best practices for creating a social media policy and ensuring that all of our employees and representatives are fully trained.
We will:
- Maintain and enforce a formal social media policy.
- Train all employees who use social media as a part of their jobs.
- Train employees about appropriate use of social media not directly related to their jobs.
- Educate employees about when personal use of social media requires disclosure.
- Track employee use of social media for activity that violates our social media policy.
- Make social media training a part of our standard HR procedure.
Checklist 11: Creative Flexibility
Focus: Best practices for artistic/entertainment situations where temporarily obscuring the source of social media communications is necessary and appropriate.
Disclosure may be delayed temporarily to allow for creative freedom if it meets all of the following criteria:
- The content is clearly part of a game, mystery, or other project that is intended for entertainment purposes.
- It is apparent to the average reader that there is a business/marketing purpose to the project.
- The purpose of the delayed disclosure is not to enable corporate representatives to pose as consumers.
- The sponsor will be revealed within a reasonable period of time.
Example: Creating blogs to promote a movie.
- CORRECT: An obviously fictional blog where someone writes that they may have discovered aliens in their house to promote a science fiction movie.
- CORRECT: A blog is "written" by a character that is clearly fictional.
- CORRECT: Clues in a mystery or alternate-reality game.
- INCORRECT: A blog where an author is impersonating an uninvolved consumer and writing: "I'd love to go see this movie."
Checklist 12: General Best Practices
Focus: Best practices for creating an overall atmosphere of ethical, transparent disclosure.
To follow the spirit of our policy, we will:
- Err on the side of over-disclosure. If a reader would be surprised to discover a fact later, we will disclose it up front.
- Use the space available for improved disclosure. When space is limited (such as on Twitter), disclosure may be minimal, but for media with no space limits (such as on blogs, Facebook, or comments on other forums) we will provide complete disclosure in the comment.
- Make certain that all disclosure is sufficient so that the average reader clearly understands that our company is responsible for the content we initiate, while they are reading the content.
- Ensure that the agencies and contractors working for us are meeting or exceeding our standards, not asking us to lower them.
- Ask: Would we be uncomfortable if our family and friends were involved in this campaign?
- Ask: Is there anything about this project we would be embarrassed to discuss publicly?
- Ask: Would we consider this action with any other media, or are we looking for a social media loophole for a questionable action?


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Favorite in control from start
Posted: November 18, 2012 at 3:41 a.m.
Goldencents led from start to finish to win the $1 million Delta Downs Jackpot on Saturday.
This story is only available from our archives.
Sports, Pages 40 on 11/18/2012
« Previous Story
Week 12 schedule
THURSDAY, NOV. 22 Houston at Detroit, 11:30 a.m. Washington at Dallas, 3:15 p.m. New England at NY Jets, 7:20 p.m. Read »
Next Story »
Oaklawn Park report
Training starts up Monday Oaklawn Park in Hot Springs will open for training at 7 a.m. Monday, said David Longinotti, the track's assistant general manager/racing. Read »


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Pomona RV Park & Campground
Loading Map.
Pomona RV Park & Campground
536 S. Pomona Rd., Pomona, NJ 08240
Property DescriptionThe park features shaded sites with picnic tables, fire rings and cement pads, full hookups (water, electric, sewer), free cable TV, free Wi-Fi Internet access, on site trailer rentals, free hot showers, seasonal sites, 25 x 50-foot swimming pool, hot tub with Jacuzzi. New playground, horseshoes, community fire ring, activity hall, game room, fully stocked camp store, new office and coffee counter, laundry room, propane fuel refill station, dump station, firewood and ice.
Atlantic City Expressway Exit 12 make left campground is 4 miles on the right. Garden State Pky. Exit 44 make right campground is 4.5 miles on left


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Sanctions, security, and the world economyComment
Macgregor interview January 6, 2015
New round of economic sanctions target Russian finance, energy, defense sectors
Penn State's NCAA sanctions lifted in wake of Sandusky scandal
More trouble in AfghanistanComment
Macgregor interview August 5, 2014
President Obama imposes tough, new sanctions against Russia
Russian businesses fear increased sanctions from plane crash
President Obama announces expanded sanctions against Russia
Struggling to defuse the persistent crisis in Ukraine, both the U.S. and European Union imposed new economic sanctions on Russia Wednesday, with President Barack Obama declaring that Russian leaders must see that their actions supporting rebels "have consequences.
Merkel, Obama warn Russia of new sanctions
Standing side by side in the White House Rose Garden, Obama and Merkel sought to bat down the notion of any discord between the U.S and European approaches to dissuading Putin from interfering in Ukraine.
U.S. Senate moves to approve sanctions against Russia, aid for Ukraine
The U.S. Senate is on track to approve sanctions against Russia and aid for Ukraine after Democrats withdrew a provision requiring International Monetary Fund reforms.
That was the week that wasComment
Burkman, Williams interview March 21, 2014
Tension escalates in CrimeaComment
Leighton interview March 20, 2014
Economic sanctions beginning to affect Russian stocks, bank cards, credit rankings
Credit ratings from agencies like Standard & Poor and Fitch are trending downward, and one of the country's top banks is limiting the usefulness of its bank cards to Russian officials.
Obama institutes sanctions for Russian leaders, Putin retaliates
Russia's most powerful businessmen waited for over an hour Thursday to hear from President Vladimir Putin, whose decision to annex the Crimean Peninsula has cost their companies hundreds of millions of dollars in market value.
Pres. Obama signs executive order authorizing economic sanctions for Russia
The President said the sanctions will 'isolate Russia globally.'
Kerry talks crisis in Ukraine with ABC7
Secretary of State John Kerry seems concerned, yet confident that the U.S. has an ultimately effective plan for dealing with Russia and averting major conflict – even as Vladimir Putin scoffs at U.S. sanctions.
Russian officials sanctioned by U.S., European allies
Unsuccessful with previous threats, the United States and its European allies stepped up their pressure on Russia to end its intervention in Ukraine on Monday by imposing the most comprehensive sanctions against Russian officials since the Cold War.
North Korea demands end of U.S.-South Korea military drillsComment
North Korea is demanding the withdrawal of U.N. sanctions and the end of U.S.-South Korea military drills as conditions for resuming talks about its nuclear program.
GAO studies Iran oil sanctionsComment
Melito interview December 19, 2012
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Watch ABC7 News at 4!ABC7 gives you MORE news in your afternoons with an extra hour, an hour earlier! Watch to see what's trending in your community and world every weekday afternoon at 4pm right after back to back "Hot Bench" shows at 3pm on ABC7.


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Accountability to results and transparency to our supporters and our members are key to working in a constructive, cooperative manner with business.
WWF is committed to being transparent about all of our partnerships in the network. In order to do so, we have published a Global report of WWF's largest relationships (fiscal year 2013), as well as a report with WWF International's Corporate Partnerships (fiscal year 2014).
We will be publishing similar national reports over the coming year (2014). Please log on to national office websites for more information.


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‹ Exit photo gallery
PHOTOS: Emmy statuette uncovered
She's hands down the most popular celeb at every primetime Emmy Awards ceremony. But exactly who is this 64-year-old party girl we know as Emmy? Find out as we take a look at the history of this sparkly statuette.
In 1948, TV engineer Louis McManus created the Emmy statuette using his wife a model. (Photo of 1956 Emmy winners: Edward R. Murrow, Nanette Fabray, Sid Caesar and Phil Silvers)
(Photo: Associated Press/WJLA) fullscreen mode


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Transform your look in seconds! Spray in and wash out. This temporary, white, metallic haircolor makes a great Santa Claus or snow princess costume complete. You can also match your locks to your angel costume or dust your tresses for an old person costume! Don't forget the Halloween makeup!
Scare up some Halloween fun when you shock them all with your ghostly white hair - use Zach's extreme color temporary hair gel and the included applicator and pair of gloves to turn some or all of your hair white and go out on Halloween in a costume of your own design.
The Manic Panic Hair Lightening Kit is an application to use for extreme platinum or white lightening effects or to use before dying your hair so the color shines through with its full potential. Goes great with other Manic Panic Dyes! Live Fast Dye Hard!


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Information on "Defense" and "Euro-Atlantic Region"
August 2008
Netherlands Atlantic Association
Den Haag , Netherlands
The Netherlands Atlantic Association is an independent, nonprofit organization that promotes the study of trans-Atlantic security issues such as relations between Europe and the US, NATO and European security in general. More on «Netherlands Atlantic Association»
George C Marshall European Center for Security Studies
Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
The mission of the George C Marshall European Center for Security Studies is to create a more stable security environment by advancing democratic institutions and relationships, especially in the field of defense; promoting active, peaceful security ... More on «George C Marshall European Center for Security Studies»
May 2008
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Brussels, Belgium
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is an alliance of 28 countries from Europe and North America committed to fulfilling the goals of the North Atlantic Treaty, signed on 4 April 1949. More on «North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)»
Centre for International Politics Thessaloniki (CIPT)
Kalamaria, Greece
The Centre for International Politics Thessaloniki (CIPT) is a nonprofit academic organization which promotes scientific research in the areas of political science and international politics. More on «Centre for International Politics Thessaloniki (CIPT)»
March 2006
NATO Defense College (NDC)
Rome, Italy
The three-part charter of the NATO Defense College (NDC) is to 1) enhance the effectiveness and cohesion of the NATO Alliance, 2) foster strategic-level thinking on political and military issues, and 3) function as a major center of security-oriented... More on «NATO Defense College (NDC)»
Atlantic Council
Washington, DC , United States
The Atlantic Council promotes 1) the constructive exercising of leadership and engagement in international affairs, and 2) the central role of the Atlantic Community in helping address various global challenges. More on «Atlantic Council »


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Muscle Mustangs & Fast FordsNews & Views
Muscle Mustang's Top 10 Ford Mustangs in America for 2013
We Pick the Most Wicked Stangs of the Past Year.
As Mustang enthusiasts, team MM&FF takes pride in bringing you, the reader, some of the most highly customized, race inspired, and show-worthy Ford Mustangs on the planet. Each year we travel the country, and with each destination we're always searching for the hottest Fords, whether based on horsepower or just killer personalization.
Often, it's the fast Ford that stands out from the crowd that grabs our attention. From there, the details draw us in. If the car is built with quality, it's likely we'll feature it. Getting a car to that point often takes the determination to build something unique. Each person has his or her own vision, and it's our job to distinguish the good from the best.
And that brings us to our MM&FF Annual Top 10 Mustangs in America. It's never cut and dry, as our staff compiles a list, then fine-tunes it. As always, narrowing the list is a challenging task. After considerable debate, we've crowned the kings and queens for 2013. Without further adieu, we are proud to give this year's Top 10 Mustangs in America—enjoy!
1. Alan Happel | 1989 Terminated Fox
When Alan Happel's wife, Megan, sent in a Snap Shots submission of her husband's Terminator-powered '89 Fox-body, we were floored. Alan set out to build a Fox that would be "perfect." After purchasing a clean, four-cylinder coupe, he stripped it down to a shell, and waited to find the ideal donor car. In 2010, Alan found what he was looking for in a wrecked '03 Cobra.
From there, the transplant unfolded. Everything from the Terminator interior and powertrain was swapped. The interior has been further customized with black leather-and-suede door panels, and a black suede headliner, all to help match the Cobra seats. Outside, Alan painted it Sonic Blue. Also adding to the clean look is a Cervinis Stalker front fascia, and 18-inch Boyd Coddington Destructor wheels wrapped in BFGoodrich tires. His ride has both performance and styling all in one package.
2. Shelby American | 2013 GT500 Super Snake
For 2013, Shelby American handed us the keys to its latest creation—one of the last pieces Carroll Shelby had ever laid his hands on—its GT500 Super Snake. The Super Snake is coveted by many for its unrivaled power and sinister looks. The 5.8L engine features a 3.6L Kenne Bell Twin-Screw Supercharger, and this beast made over 770 rwhp at the wheels. Our real-world track test showed the Super Snake was capable of running 10.79 at 137.61 mph out of the box.
The GT500 gives you hero status in the Mustang and high-performance community, plus the power to smoke just about anything you encounter. The 14-inch Wilwood brakes offered up incredible stopping power, and the 20-inch forged wheels wrapped in Michelin Pilot Super Sport tires were a perfect combination for good looks, traction, and ride quality. Perhaps the thrill of watching spectators gawk was what helped prove this Snake had both the good looks and bad intentions to make our list.
3. JW Brake | 2007 GT500 Super Snake
"Pushing the Envelope" was the perfect title for the story on this '07 convertible GT500 Super Snake. JW Brake and driver Van Collier took the Mustang to the edge, running 220.8 mph in the Texas Standing Mile.
Quantum Performance converted Brake's GT500 to Super Snake specs back in 2008, and Collier began pushing the top end at the popular Texas Mile event. Its 5.8L-equipped mod mill sees 26 pounds of boost thanks to a 4.2L liquid-cooled Kenne Bell blower cranking out 1,153 rwhp. Out back, a Currie 9-inch resides, and Shelby/Baer front and rear brakes are responsible for stopping the behemoth. Aerodynamics were crucial for this build, so a clip-on top from Smoothline was installed. Despite the insane power and impressive numbers of this GT500, Brake enjoys it as a cruiser as well.
Having pushed the envelope to a world Standing Mile speed record back in 2007, this Super Snake still holds the fastest convertible Mustang crown, and that is something incredibly special.
4. Ernie Alderte | 2004 Targa-Top Mustang GT
It's not uncommon to hear about Mustang enthusiasts whipping up a custom ride, whether for the street, track, or show. But Ernie Alderte accomplished what most would never attempt—building a Targa-top Mustang.
After less than a month of ownership, Ernie had the notion to cut away the roof on his brand-new Stang. He and his uncle, Steve Kurs, cut the top off and fitted it with a custom-built, removable piece. They also gave it a splash of new paint; accenting the two-tone paint scheme perfectly is a set of one-off custom concave wheels, 19x9.5-inch front wheels and 20x13-inch rears, featuring a 7-inch lip.
Ernie also hits the track with his ride, so he added a Vortech supercharger and built engine for extra power. The sick paint, wheels, and motivation to build something completely different made Ernie's ride an easy pick for the Top 10.
5. Kenny Brown | 2011 GT4-RS Mustang GT
Impressive performance, great open-track capabilities, and stop-on-a-dime braking are a few phrases we would use to describe Kenny Brown's '11 GT4-RS Autobahn Edition Mustang GT. We've had our hands on just about every Kenny Brown car built, and this GT4-RS, Ruby, is the most dominating one built to date.
Last issue, Editor Smith put this GT through its paces at Autobahn Country Club in Joliet Illinois, and he was thoroughly impressed. Brown's AGS (advanced geometry suspension) can be built upon itself, from the AGS 1.0 all the way to the 4.0. The 475hp Ruby Mustang retains street legality and all the creature comforts, but it can take down Vipers, Vettes, and well-known exotics at the track. Track capabilities aside, we love the menacing look of the aero package and the racy interior.


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Turn your harvest into healthy, fresh fruit juices, wines and ciders at home!
Made of rust-resistant, powder-coated, heavy-duty cast iron with an enameled-steel base and hardwood construction.
16 quart cage capacity with an easy pour bottom spout. The press stands 36" tall with a 16" rim diameter (the inside fruit basket diameter is 10").
It has a double ratcheting head to create greater pressing pressure.
Easy to use - simply put the fruit into the juicing chamber, place the wood pressing blocks on top of the fruit and ratchet down the handle until the juice comes out of the built in spout. Apples, pears and other hard fruit need to be chopped or crushed prior to pressing.Our Apple & Fruit Crusher makes that a breeze!
Take apart to clean. Comes with an instruction manual that includes recipes for wines, ciders, syrups, sauces and more.
Limited 1 year manufacturer's warranty.
Please Note: The return policy for this product is different from our standard return policy because this product is used to process food. Within 30 days from the date of purchase, if you wish to return it, there is a 15% restocking fee as well as a $35 scrap fee because the product cannot be resold. Refunds are contingent upon inspection of the item once we receive it. Customer is responsible for all shipping costs if seller is not at fault. If an item is received damaged or is incorrectly shipped by us please contact Customer Service immediately (888) 784-1722 x 125.
It pressed crushed apples beautifully. There is a bit of a learning curve, but after I figured it out it wasn't hard to use. The basket takes some strength to latch and unlatch.Review by Stephanie (on 12/12/12)
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This may seem very fickle of me, but I'm really disappointed with the way...whoever is responsible handled the US Special Edition exclusive to Gamestop. I'm a sucker for a good steelbook, or any sort of unique packaging really. All of my games and movies are on display in my living room and all of my friends are at varying degrees into this stuff, so I like it when companies do that sort of thing. Some European users managed to get ahold of the game early and posted videos of the packaging on the youtubes. I saw the steelbook, which had already been revealed, covered by a nice clear plastic sleeve which overlays the title. The spine of the steelbook is also plain black with a similar overlay treatment of the title from the sleeve. so I was excited. I thought we'd finally gotten a nice domestic release of a quantic dream special edition. When I picked up my copy from Gamestop today however, I was a bit shocked to see that while the steelbook was 98% correct(the spine has the title printed on it) the sleeve was changed for a cardboard version featuring the EXACT SAME art as the standard edition. Now I know some of you will say just get rid of the sleeve, but I like keeping all of my stuff complete. I have all my lego, transformers, and console boxes as well. I just don't understand why the US always gets the short end of the stick when it comes to packaging for these things. We don't even get the printed manual that the Euro versions feature. What is even the point of the steelbook if it's just going to look exactly like the standard version on my shelf? Now I know that the EU version runs a few Euros more than their standard edition. I would have gladly paid a few bucks more for parity. Maybe I'll just have to import everything from the UK from now on. I did that for Heavy Rain and the first S.T.A.L.K.E.R. They didn't even bother bringing those Special Editions over...
My advice to you, my friend, is to stop wasting extra money on special editions of any video game. Only time it's about worth it is if you happen to get some DLC for it. Even that, in most cases, is just a stupid extra outfit or something. I know you said you really like things like a steel book but is it really worth it for something you're just gonna shelf and probably never look at again?
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In my experience, steelbooks don't really stand the test of time. I got a few when they started doing them in the early/mid 2000's, a lot of them are now rusty. Halo 2 being the worst, it now looks like this:
I tend to avoid them like the plague now. Maybe they got better at making them, but you don't know that until 5 years later so no thanks.
@grixxel: The special edition didn't cost any extra as its gamestop exclusive.
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@catsakimbo: I hardly think its "hoarding" to want to keep your games package complete especially if your fond of displaying them. Ive kept a bunch of thr oversized cardboard boxes that a lot of my games have came in Like Deathsmiles.
The US Steelbook seems way better to me.
Yeah, it doesn't have any crappy logos on it.
The logos that you see on the EU version are printed on a clear plastic sleeve. The steelbook itself is the same, except for the spine which is blank on the EU version.
us steel book is way nicer. And if you hate the slip cover don't throw it away, just stop caring! At the end of the day it's just some bullshit packaging. All of my cases are in a box I bought at staples and my games are in a nice binder case
As I said, I enjoy being able to display my collection. It is my prerogative to feel that way just as hiding your collection is yours.
Pay a bunch more to import over such a trivial thing? I don't even.. Yeah, I got nothing.
It's been a while since I imported one but I don't recall them being much more expensive. Maybe $10-20 more than a typical US game?
In my experience, steelbooks don't really stand the test of time. I got a few when they started doing them in the early/mid 2000's, a lot of them are now rusty. Halo 2 being the worst, it now looks like this:
I tend to avoid them like the plague now. Maybe they got better at making them, but you don't know that until 5 years later so no thanks.
Uh, geez where do you live? It's pretty humid here in New Orleans, but damn! I've never seen any of my steelbooks exhibit that behavior. I'll have to see if I can dig up my copy of that but I'm pretty sure it's fine. But actually, at least in the pic, the rust lends a bit of battle-worn-ness to the look of the case
@amdman: think of it this way:does your hatred for the slip cover supercede your need to keep everything together? If it does, put the slipcover away and display only the steelbook. If it doesn't, keep it together and display it with the cover. It's as simple as that. Sony probably figures most people dont care That much about the packaging. And it isn't like you spent extra for it. So take it or leave it
And another way to think about it is the European steel book is being bombarded by a bunch of bullshit logos whether they want it or not. The US steel book is way fancier
Edit: I didn't see that you said those logos are on a piece of plastic. Anyway, the European version is still worse because it's spine is blank. I'm assuming you're displaying the game on a bookshelf. If that's the case there would be nothing on the spine to display; it would be an out of place piece of metal.


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How you can fix Taskkill.exe Co To Jest error codes
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Travel Classes
Are you traveling and returning on the same day? Would you like to change your ticket free of charge or enjoy a comfortable flight full of privileges? Travel the way you like with the options offered by Aegean. All you have to do is choose the travel class that best suits your needs. Sit back comfortably and enjoy a wonderful flight. Your flight.
* In flights:
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Except flights from/to Greece to/from Russia, Ukraine, Georgia and the Athens-Frankfurt, Athens-Munich, Athens - Abu Dhabi flights.


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The Kasilof River is a tidal influenced, glacial fed river just south of Kenai. It is a drift boat only river and a hatchery enhanced fishery. Over the last several years the Kasilof has started to out shine the Kenai in June. It offers abundant wildlife, less fishing pressure, and some excellent tidewater fishing.
And unlike the Kenai, you may return to catch and release fishing after taking your bag limit. And some days is even open to double limits.
An average king salmon on the Kasilof is between 15-20 pounds, but each year sees a few upwards of 40 pounds.


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Reel Stories understands the nuances and power of visual media. There is no better way to captivate an audience and communicate your message than with a well produced video.
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Our team of producers, editors, videographers and photographers are professionals with no less than 10 years experience in their respective fields.
Contact Information
| © Reel Stories, Inc.


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ProVerb – Break music video
Posted by admin | Filed under Hip Hop, ProVerb, Videos
ProVerb's Break music video. Shot by ProVerb and I using the Canon 5D MK II. This was an experiment by Verb and I to see if we could shoot a video with no crew and just available lighting. We were sitting in the studio playing some tracks when we decided to go for it and shoot the video right then and there. We shot for about an hour or so, handheld (this was spur of the moment). We used the 50 mm f1.4 lens and i cant recall the other one but i'll update it later. The video is ungraded (we ended up liking the raw look from the canon)…. enjoy!
ProVerb, Break from JobieOne on Vimeo.
Tags: 5d mk ii, break, canon, music video, ProVerb


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GHD serves the global markets of water,
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GHD operates in 15 countries and has an
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Known for its pristine beaches and clean
waters, Boracay is addressing its rising infrastructure and
environmental protection needs.
At GHD, we have many exciting career
opportunities and are committed to recruiting and retaining great
talent throughout the firm.
Copyright © GHD 2015


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(5) Florida State Rolls Into Death Valley To Take On (3) Clemson
NFL Analyst
Follow @ sportstalkfla
Earlier today on The Charlie Bernstein Show, FSU Beat Writer Brendan Sonnone of The Orlando Sentinel joined the show to talk all things Florida State Seminoles
Why you should listen: Brendan talked about FSU's upcoming game against Clemson . FSU is favored but should they be? Brendan previews this ACC showdown in Death Valley.
The Charlie Bernstein Show comes to you live Monday through Friday 3pm – 7pm
Brendan Sonnone on The Charlie Bernstein Show: October 17, 2013
Talk with us during the show:
(877) 355-1040
(813) 289-1040
(727) 577-1040
Chat with us online:
Charlie Bernstein – @NFLCharlie
Gerardo Gonzalez – @GGonzalezJr
Tags: ACC, Clemson, Clemson Tigers, Death Valley, Florida State, Florida State Seminoles, Florida State University, FSU, FSU Football, FSU Seminoles


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10th September 2012
Australia: Archbishop backs anti-gay 'smoking' comments of Christian leader 61
3:29 PM — The Anglican Archbishop of Sydney Peter Jensen is supporting comments made by the head of the Australian Christian Jim Wallace, who last week suggested that a gay "lifestyle" is more hazardous to health than smoking.
6th September 2012
Australian PM cancels speech over Christian gay 'smoking' row 23
11:59 AM — Prime Minister Julia Gillard has pulled out from attending a Christian lobby conference after its head suggested smoking was healthier than an LGBT lifestyle.
7th June 2012
Australian Christian Lobby director likens equal marriage campaign to Nazi propaganda 53
10:56 AM — The Australian Christian Lobby has criticised the ethics of a morning television programme after it publicly supported an equal marriage campaign and said today the way it had been run would do 'great credit' to Nazi propagandists.


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With regard to the release of The Ombudsman's investigation report today (April 19) on a complaint against delay in handling road repair works, a spokesman for the Leisure and Cultural Services Department (LCSD) gave the following response:
"The LCSD has accepted the recommendations made in The Ombudsman's report and regrets the delay caused to the road repair works.
In view of the recommendations, a number of improvement measures have been taken in the district concerned. These include setting up a recreation venues database with land allocation records; requiring all cases involving land allocation to be vetted by the district leisure manager to enhance administrative management; improvement on the file management system; and enhancing guidance for staff to ensure their correct understanding of land grant provisions.
In addition, the land grant provisions and plans of all gazetted recreational venues of the district concerned have been thoroughly checked. For cases with incomplete records, relevant departments have been approached to provide more information and follow up actions will be pursued with the related departments.
The LCSD will also bring this case to the attention of all other districts. District management will be reminded to enhance guidance for their staff and to work closely and pro-actively with other relevant departments when handling similar cases in future with a view to addressing the issues as soon as possible."
Ends/Tuesday, April 19, 2011


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The Swift Current and Area Farmers Market will be starting up soon, and Market Manager Bep Hamer wants to remind anyone wishing to sell food items that a Food Safe certificate will be required by vendors this year.
The new ruling was officially adopted at the annual general meeting, held Feb. 14, to facilitate continuing good relations with the City of Swift Current and the Cypress Health Region and to ensure that food items purchased at the Market are not only safe but also properly labeled.
Membership is still $25 for the year and table rental fees will remain at $25 per day.
The Market will resume beginning May 11 at Swift Current Mall and will be held Saturdays only until Jun. 1.
Thursdays will be added beginning Jun. 6 and will continue until Sep. 26 at the Mall only. Hours for the Market at the Mall for both Thursdays and Saturdays will be from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m.
The downtown Market Square location of the Farmers Market will resume June 15 and will continue on Saturdays only until Sep. 28, with hours from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m.
The seasonal Christmas Market will be held at Swift Current Mall on Dec. 7, 14, 19 and 21 from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m.
To inquire about membership or to book a table, contact Bep Hamer at 306-773-7359.


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Members and volunteers around the world are passionate about our Movement
Traduction à suivre
24 Juillet 2014
During the Membership Development Session at the 35th WAGGGS World Conference in Hong Kong delegates had the opportunity to enjoy a video made by volunteers from all around the world naming three reasons why they like our Movement.
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Hostelworld "meet the world" by Lucky Generals
Rating: 5.0
By Loulla-Mae Eleftheriou-Smith, marketingmagazine.co.uk, Tuesday, 28 August 2012 01:17PM
TUI Travel's Sustainable Holidays Plan 2012-1014 outlines four goals to be met over the next three years:
The company will measure its "greener and fairer" holidays promise through the number of customers taken to hotels with credible sustainability certifications, while it will measure the regard that colleagues and consumers hold towards its sustainability efforts through a series of global opinion surveys and consumer research.
TUI Travel is a pioneer partner of non-profit sustainability organisation Forum for the Future. The two businesses have been working together since 2002 to set TUI Travel's sustainability strategy and put it into action.
Peter Long, chief executive at TUI Travel, said: "I am pleased to present TUI Travel's three-year Sustainable Holidays Plan – testament to the fact that we remain as committed as ever to sustainable development despite a background of uncertainty in the global economy.
"Our vision is to make travel experiences special, while minimising environmental impact, respecting culture and people, and bringing economic benefit to communities. Achieving this vision is critical to the future health of our own business, the wider industry, the customers we serve and the communities they visit.
"Hence our new Sustainable Holidays Plan – four over-arching sustainable development goals, underpinned by 20 challenging and measurable commitments, which businesses across TUI Travel will work to deliver and through which we aim to lead the industry, creating change at scale.''
TUI Travel reported £367m first half pre-tax losses in May, but showed a strong performance in the UK market, where it reduced its first-half underlying operating loss by £48m.
This article was first published on marketingmagazine.co.uk
Before commenting please read our rules for commenting on articles.
If you see a comment you find offensive, you can flag it as inappropriate. In the top right-hand corner of an individual comment, you will see 'flag as inappropriate'. Clicking this prompts us to review the comment. For further information see our rules for commenting on articles.
Rating: 5.0
Agency: Grey London
Rating: 5.0


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January 25, 2007 4:07 PM PST
Bill would stiffen penalties for crimes posted online
- Related Stories
Anticrime group calls for laws to curb 'cyberbullying'August 17, 2006
Are violent video games really a problem?August 2, 2006
Congress targets social-networking sitesJune 29, 2006
Lawmakers take aim at social-networking sitesMay 10, 2006
Troubled by what he called a "recent trend of posting videotaped attacks onto Web sites like MySpace," Rep. Mario Diaz-Balart, a Florida Republican, proposed on Wednesday requiring states to consider such behavior when issuing sentences. The idea behind the proposal is to curb the use of such videos "to further humiliate the victims as well as spread fear and intimidation," he said.
One example has received substantial publicity. Last week, police in Long Island, N.Y., arrested three high school girls accused of videotaping themselves kicking and punching a 13-year-old girl and then posting the footage to YouTube, Photobucket and MySpace, according to published reports.
"These attacks are bad enough," the congressman said in a statement. "We don't need to promote them throughout cyberspace."
Diaz-Balart's three-page bill, called the Web Video Violence Act (PDF), would essentially force states to consider elevating sentences for adult and juvenile defendants convicted of violent crimes "against the person of another" if the convict was "found to have placed, or directed another to have placed, a video or image of the commission of such crime on the Internet." It would be up to the states to decide what extra penalties to impose.
States could opt out of the requirement, but only if they didn't mind seeing the government dock as much as 10 percent of federal grant funding designed for crime fighting-related purposes.
It's unclear is how police will react to the idea. After all, in the Long Island case, police credited the widely circulated video of the assault, allegedly posted by the culprits or a close associate, for helping them make their arrests. Police organizations contacted by CNET News.com Thursday declined to comment on the bill.
What's also uncertain is whether such a proposal would comply with the First Amendment, which generally prohibits government censorship. Courts have permitted restrictions on speech in areas like child pornography, but have taken dimmer views of violence-related restrictions.
Courts have even ruled in favor of free expression rights for those who admitted to committing crimes. In 1991, the U.S. Supreme Court said a New York law that amounted to imposing financial penalties on people who wrote books or produced other works talking about their crimes violated the First Amendment.
That case, Simon & Schuster v. New York Crime Victims Board, revolved around a book written by admitted mobster Henry Hill. State law required that any firm that engages in such deals with a person who was accused of, convicted of, or admitted to committing a crime must divert all money that would have gone to the author into a special fund for victims.
On the other hand, the bill may not be problematic because judges are generally allowed to consider a convicted person's speech as one of the "aggravating factors" when issuing sentences, said Eugene Volokh, a law professor at the University of California at Los Angeles.
Sentencing decisions often hinge on things like a convict's character and dangerousness, so publicizing criminal exploits online "suggests that he's not ashamed or contrite about his actions," Volokh said.
"I suspect that, if the bill were passed and then challenged in court," Volokh added, "courts would find that publicizing one's crimes is so closely linked to one's bad character that sentence enhancements based on such speech don't violate the First Amendment."
See more CNET content tagged:
crime, First Amendment, penalty, bill, sentence
4 commentsJoin the conversation! Add your comment
- Some people are just sick
- The problem is those who are freaks, don't care about their own actions.
- Like Reply Link Flag
- Makes no sense...
- ...to me. It seems the police would want people posting videos/
pictures/et cetera to the Internet. It seems this would be
extremely helpful to the cops.
Besides, isn't this just the same thing as what those shows that
show videos of crimes being committed on TV? Obviously, the
victims of those crimes don't seem to be too outspoken in trying
to keep these off TV...
- Like Reply Link Flag
- Agreed
- I agree. Idiots committing crimes and then bragging about it online (whether by posting videotaped evidence, or creating Facebook groups to declare one's participation) are practically a boon to law enforcement. Heck, in the case of the videos, especially, not only can they lead the cops to the perps, but they're like free candy for prosecutors as far as evidence goes!
- Like Link Flag


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Mystery links past with the present: Sentinel Butte author writes mystery
September 22, 2012 at 7:00 pm in The Dickinson Press
While writing an obituary for an elderly woman, a county newspaper reporter thought it was coincidental the woman was recently featured in the 50-years-ago history column. It was interesting, but nothing to get excited about until another person is featured in the column and dies two weeks later. Continue Reading


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Having dropped a pager in the toilet back in the day, knocked my iPhone into the lake and spilled an iced soy vanilla latte on my new notebook computer, I truly appreciate any device that's waterproof — without a case. Although letting the device sit in a bowl of rice overnight works some of the time, it's not 100% effective. So, when I saw a smartphone and a tablet sitting in a bowl of water about 5 inches deep at CES Unveiled, I had to know who made them.
Fujitsu's tablet, ARROWS Tab LTE F-01D, went on sale in Japan through the country's biggest mobile carrier NTT Docomo last fall. Its waterproof smartphone, ARROWS ES IS12F, JUST hit the market. Move over Droid RAZR. The ARROWS now holds the title of world's thinnest smartphone (6.7mm) AND it's waterproof. It's only available now in the U.S. Fujitsu wouldn't say whether it would ever be available in the U.S. or Europe. But Nokia, Samsung and a host of other major manufacturers do make waterproof smartphones here in the U.S. They're just not as popular here as they are in Japan as Americans aren't known for surfing the web in the bathtub.