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Abstract: However, this is not possible when the delamination is placed between interfaces of ... Stress intensity factors as fracture parameters for delamination crack growth ...
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Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Archimer http://www.ifremer.fr/docelec/
Structures Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer
September 2004; 27(9) : 767-773
© Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
The definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.com
Interlaminar fracture studies in Portugal: past, present and future
A.B. de Morais1*, C.C. Rebelo2, P.M.S.T. de Castro3, A.T. Marques3 and P. Davies4
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Campus Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politechnic Institute of Coimbra, Institute of Engineering, Rua Pedro
Nunes – Quinta da Nora, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal
Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Management, University of Porto,
Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
Materials and Structures group, IFREMER, Centre de Brest BP70, 29280 Plouzané, France
*: Corresponding author : : A. B. de Morais. E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract: This paper reviews the state-of-the-art in interlaminar fracture testing of composite
materials, with particular emphasis on the work performed in Portugal over the last 15 years. Early
work, carried out within the ESIS Polymer and Composite Technical Committee, was concerned with
improving test methods on unidirectional [0°]n specimens. The focus was on the mode I double
cantilever beam (DCB) test and on mode II end-notched flexure (ENF) and end loaded split (ELS)
tests. In spite of some remaining controversy on mode II testing, the main issue nowadays is fracture
toughness measurement on multidirectional specimens. Remaining difficulties are discussed in the
light of the most recent work. Guidelines for ongoing and future research are also presented.
Keywords: double-cantilever-beam-DCB; end-notched-flexure-ENF; interlaminar-fracture;
multidirectional-laminates; unidirectional-laminates
A. B. de Morais1,*, C. C. Rebelo2, P. T. de Castro3, A. T. Marques3, P. Davies4
University of Aveiro, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Campus Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Politechnic Institute of Coimbra, Institute of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Rua Pedro Nunes - Quinta da Nora, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal.
University of Porto, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial
Management, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
Materials and Structures group, IFREMER, Centre de Brest BP70, 29280 Plouzané, France.
Corresponding author, Tel. 234 370830; Fax. 234 370953; E-mail: [email protected]
This paper reviews the state-of-the-art in interlaminar fracture testing of composite materials,
with particular emphasis on the work performed in Portugal over the last 15 years. Early
work, carried out within the ESIS Polymer and Composite Technical Committee, was
concerned with improving test methods on unidirectional [0º]n specimens. The focus was on
the mode I Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) test and on mode II End Notched Flexure (ENF)
and End Loaded Split (ELS) tests. In spite of some remaining controversy on mode II testing,
the main issue is nowadays fracture toughness measurement on multidirectional specimens.
Remaining difficulties are discussed in the light of the most recent work. Guidelines for
ongoing and future research are also presented.
Keywords: Interlaminar fracture; Double Cantilever Beam (DCB); End Notched Flexure
(ENF); unidirectional laminates; multidirectional laminates.
Polymer matrix composites have become highly relevant structural materials, owing to their
high stiffness and strength combined with low weight. However, the usual laminated nature
and the relatively low matrix strength make them particularly susceptible to delamination. For
example, low velocity impact can generate relatively large delaminations, which are highly
detrimental to compressive strength because of localised buckling phenomena. The
characterisation of delamination resistance is thus highly relevant for design of composite
A. B. de Morais, C. C. Rebelo, P. T. de Castro, A. T. Marques, P. Davies 2
parts. The main delamination resistance parameters of composites are the critical strain energy
release rates, Gc, measured in interlaminar fracture tests.
This paper addresses the state-of-the-art in mode I and mode II testing, which is
illustrated with results obtained by the authors. Finally, current and future research guidelines
are described.
2.1. Mode I
The mode I Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) test (figure 1) is nowadays standardised for GIc
measurements on unidirectional (UD) [0º]n specimens1,2. In these tests, the load P and the
displacement δ recorded for specified crack positions a are usually processed with the
Corrected Beam Theory (CBT)
3Pδ F
GIc = , (1)
2b(a + ∆ ) N
where b is the specimen width, typically 20 mm, ∆ is a correction for crack tip rotation and
deflection, determined from a linear regression analysis of (δ/PN)1/3 versus crack length (a)
data, F is a correction factor for large displacements and N is a correction factor for the
stiffening caused by the metal blocks1,2.
Most composites present an R-curve, which can be quite pronounced for thermoplastic
matrix composites3-5. Figure 2 depicts results obtained from C/PEEK5 and C/epoxy
specimens6. R-curves are generally associated with fibre bridging between the arms of the
specimen, a phenomenon that is specific to the DCB specimen. Therefore, it is quite
important to obtain accurate initiation values, GIc,i, and this is an issue that has not yet been
completely solved.
The first question is whether GIc,i should be measured from the film generated starter
crack or from a mode I precrack. It was shown that GIc,i becomes independent of film
thickness below 15 µm1. Moreover, GIc,i values from the insert are usually lower than those
from precracks. On the other hand, it can be argued that crack initiation from the film does
not occur under self-similar conditions. In fact, the distribution of GI along the width of a
DCB specimen with a straight crack is not uniform, due to anticlastic curvature of the
specimen arms6,7. Figure 3 shows a width-wise distribution of GI in C/epoxy specimens
obtained from a 3D FE analysis6. Naturally, under steady-state propagation, a curved
delamination front develops, so that GI = GIc. This would favour the use of mode I precracks.
A. B. de Morais, C. C. Rebelo, P. T. de Castro, A. T. Marques, P. Davies 3
Currently, however, the standards recommend that GIc,i are measured from both film and
mode I precrack, to be generated in a first precracking test1,2.
Another question concerning initiation is the definition of the exact instant when it
occurs. Three criteria are proposed in ISO 150242 (figure 4): the non-linearity (NL); the 5%
offset or maximum load point (5/M) and the visually (VIS) determined. The NL criterion
defines crack initiation at the point where the load-displacement curve deviates from linearity.
Besides giving the most conservative values, the NL criterion seems to correlate with
Acoustic Emission detections1. It has been shown, however, that locating the NL point is
somewhat dependent on the plot scale. The 5/M criterion stipulates that a line corresponding
to a compliance 5 % larger than the initial one is intersected with the actual load-displacement
curve (figure 4). This intersection point is taken as initiation, unless it occurs at a larger
displacement than the maximum load point. In the latter case, initiation is precisely the point
of maximum load. Although less ambiguous, the 5/M criterion tends to give higher GIc,i
values than the other criteria, even for materials with relatively mild R-curves (figure 5).
Moreover, the 5% value is obviously arbitrary. Finally, the VIS criterion is operator
dependent, but this limitation could be compensated by the increasing use of video recording
of the tests. Nevertheless, it is highly unlikely that VIS detection from the film will be
accurate, as crack growth at the edges tends to occur later than in the middle of the specimen.
2.2. Mode II
In contrast with mode I, there is much more controversy about the measurement and
meaningfulness of the mode II fracture toughness8-10. It has been argued that the microcracks
observed in the tests are actually oriented at approximately 45º from the fibre direction, thus
showing that crack propagation is locally mode I dominated11. Nevertheless, most of the
present design approaches are based on Macromechanics and many structures are subjected to
bending loads, which naturally give rise to significant mode II. Moreover, it was found that
the compression after impact strength of composite plates was proportional to the mode II
critical strain energy release rate, GIIc, of unidirectional specimens12.
Various test configurations have been proposed to measure GIIc1,9(figure 6): end-
notched flexure (ENF); end-loaded split (ELS) and 4-point end-notched flexure (4ENF).
Owing to its simplicity, the ENF specimen has been the most used, in spite of the
inherently unstable crack propagation. Stabilisation is possible in servo-controlled testing
machines, which, however, are not always available and increase the complexity of the test
setup1,9. The main advantage of the ELS specimen is precisely the stability of crack
A. B. de Morais, C. C. Rebelo, P. T. de Castro, A. T. Marques, P. Davies 4
propagation if a/L > 0.55 (figure 6), but the specimen is more prone to large displacements
and to variable clamping conditions8. There is still little experience with the 4ENF test, which
seems to combine the simplicity of ENF with the stability of ELS. Comparisons between the
various test methods have not yet been able to indicate "the best method"9,10.
The effect of friction has also been raised as a possible problem in mode II tests.
However, numerical analyses have showed small friction effects in ENF and 4ENF
On the other hand, the problems concerning crack initiation mentioned above are even
more relevant in mode II testing. Figure 7 shows the results obtained from ENF tests on
glass/epoxy specimens8 using Corrected Beam Theory13
9a 2 P 2 ⎡ E ⎛ h ⎞ ⎤ F2
GIIc = ⎢1 + 0.2 ⎜ ⎟ ⎥ , (2)
16b 2 Eh 3 ⎢
⎣ G ⎝ a ⎠ ⎥ N2
where E and G are the specimen flexural and shear moduli, respectively, and F2 and N2 are
correction factors for large displacements13. Precracking seems to be of great relevance, since
initiation GIIc from mode I and mode II precracks were significantly lower than those from the
film (figure 7). As to defining crack initiation, in this case, the NL criterion lead to
unacceptably low GIIc values because it was associated with the onset of large displacements.
The 5/M criterion did not seem to be significantly affected, but it still gave somewhat higher
values than visual detection. However, the contact between the cracked arms of the specimens
makes visual detection more difficult than in mode I, especially in carbon fibre composites.
When performing ENF tests from a mode II precrack, the exact precrack length a must
be determined. Glass fibre composites are usually translucent, thereby enabling visual
determination of the precrack position. This is generally not the case of carbon fibre
composites. Therefore, ESIS recommends the compliance calibration13
C = Co + ma 3 (3)
3ma 2 P 2
GIIc = , (4)
although its accuracy may be affected by a low m coefficient.
A. B. de Morais, C. C. Rebelo, P. T. de Castro, A. T. Marques, P. Davies 5
3.1. Mode I
In spite of the remaining questions discussed above, it is clear that mode I and mode II testing
of UDs have reached a reasonable degree of maturity. In practice, however, the vast majority
of applications involves multidirectional specimens (MDs), and delaminations always occur
between layers of different orientations. It is thus essential to obtain toughness values of MDs
for the applicability of Fracture Mechanics based design approaches.
Several studies have already been presented on DCB testing of MDs6,14-22. The first
difficulty with MDs is the selection of appropriate stacking sequences. In fact, significant
errors in GIc measurements may be caused by the elastic membrane-bending and bending-
bending couplings of MDs7,23. Particular attention should be given to avoiding excessive
anticlastic curvature of the specimen arms, which results in highly curved thumbnail shaped
delamination fronts. The magnitude of anticlastic effects is proportional to the parameter Dc =
D122/(D11D22), where Dij represent the Classical Lamination Theory (CLT) bending stiffness
coefficients of each specimen arm7,23. It has been suggested that DCB specimens should have
Dc < 0.257,23. Bending-twisting and membrane-bending elastic couplings should also be
minimised. The former can be characterised by the Bt = ⏐D16/D11⏐ parameter and could cause
markedly unsymmetrical delamination fronts. The latter may introduce relevant contributions
of thermal residual stresses to the measured GIc23,24. Membrane-bending couplings are absent
when both cracked and uncracked parts of the specimens are symmetric about their own mid-
planes. However, this is not possible when the delamination is placed between interfaces of
different orientations, which is precisely the case of greater practical interest.
There is also a theoretical problem with cracking between layers of different
orientations, because the stress field is oscillatory in the vicinity of such cracks25-28.
Consequently, although the total strain energy release rate G is well defined, its individual
components GI, GII and GIII cannot be determined using their classical definition, since the
crack extension integrals do not tend to a limit as the crack extension increment ∆a tends to
025-28. This mode partitioning ambiguity can be solved by considering "finite extension strain
energy release rates", where ∆a should be set equal to a characteristic damage zone length,
lc27,28. Based on stress field analysis and on interlaminar strength properties, it has been shown
that lc is of the order of the layer thickness27,28.
From the practical viewpoint, the major problem with MDs is clearly the high tendency
for intraply cracking and crack jumping between neighbouring interfaces. The complex
A. B. de Morais, C. C. Rebelo, P. T. de Castro, A. T. Marques, P. Davies 6
damage morphology leads to pronounced R-curves, with final apparent GIc values 3 to 4 times
higher than those of [0º]n specimens. Figure 8 shows R-curves obtained from DCB tests on
carbon/epoxy [0º]24 and cross-ply [(0º/90º)6//(0º/90º)6] specimens, where // denotes the starter
crack position6. Crack propagation in the latter involved periodical cracking of the 90º mid-
layer and interlaminar crack growth in the neighbour 0º/90º interfaces, as schematically
depicted in figure 9. However, recorded data points always corresponded to local interlaminar
propagation. In those conditions, an FE analysis indicated that the measured GIc were valid6.
Although no significant fibre bridging was observed, some non-linearity in the load-
displacement curve might have contributed to the much higher GIc.
In order to avoid crack jumping problems, Robinson and Song18 proposed the edge pre-
delaminated (EPD) DCB specimen (figure 10). While crack jumping was avoided, the
monitoring of crack position became difficult, due to the contact between the pre-delaminated
edges29. Moreover, recent numerical analyses showed that the EDP-DCB specimen is
inadequate to measure initiation GIc30. Another important drawback is that intralaminar
damage is not always avoided19.
Using thick (over 6 mm, 48 layers) and narrow (between 4 and 10 mm) specimens, Chai
observed pure interlaminar propagation in MD CFRP specimens15. Measured toughnesses
were practically identical for specimens with delaminations on 0º/0º, 45/-45, 0º/45º and 0º/90º
interfaces. It is important to mention that the delamination was not placed at the specimen
mid-thickness, a feature that could generate significant mode-mixity effects. Nevertheless,
numerical analyses30 showed that accurate GIc can be obtained with those specimens, which
thus require more experimental studies.
3.2. Mode II
As in mode I, intralaminar damage affected many of the mode II toughness results for MDs
presented thus far31-37. Again, with thick and narrow ENF specimens, Chai was able to obtain
pure interlaminar propagation in C/epoxy and C/PEEK specimens with 30º/-30º delaminating
interfaces31. The specimens with 30º/-30º interfaces presented significantly higher GIIc,
especially for a brittle matrix C/epoxy composite. Studies involving GRPs and specimens
with θ/-θ delaminating interfaces indicate a θ-increasing GIIc31,33,35,37. This trend is easily
interpreted in terms of larger plasticity zones ahead of the crack tip. However, observed non-
linearity for GRPs specimens with θ ≥ 30º casts doubts about the validity of the measured GIIc
A. B. de Morais, C. C. Rebelo, P. T. de Castro, A. T. Marques, P. Davies 7
On the other hand, results from ENF tests on flat filament wound glass/polyester
specimens revealed an intermediate GIIc decrease from θ ≈ 0.8º (hoop winding) to θ = 5º
(figure 11). This somewhat unexpected variation could be due to the particular nature of
filament wound specimens, combined with a strong effect of the thickness of the resin rich
interlaminar layer, as hoop wound specimens have a higher degree of compactation. In fact,
Chai31 showed that GIIc of adhesive joints was highly sensitive to the adhesive layer thickness.
It is very likely that this effect is present in laminated composites, because of fibre nesting in
UDs. Therefore, it seems essential to study the mode II interlaminar fracture of specimens
with θ/-θ interfaces at low θ.
Tao and Sun have investigated several types of MD carbon/epoxy ENF specimens34.
They observed that, as a result of intralaminar cracking, the delamination always jumped to a
0º/θ Interface. They subsequently tested specimens with starter delaminations on such
interfaces, and succeeded in avoiding intralaminar cracking by positioning the specimens so
that the θ-oriented layer would be under compression. In those circumstances, GIIc decreased
for θ = 0º to 90º, thus reinforcing the interest in studying mode II fracture of composites.
The present review of the state-of-the-art in mode I and mode II interlaminar fracture testing
of composites shows the need to pursue research on three major topics:
- crack initiation criteria;
- mode II specimen configuration;
- testing of multidirectional specimens (MDs).
The latter is highly relevant, as structural applications usually involve MD laminates,
with delaminations developing between layers of different orientations. Furthermore, some
results indicate that the common tests on unidirectional [0º]n specimens (UDs) may not give
the lowest GIIc values. MD stacking sequences must be carefully chosen to minimise the
effects of curved delamination fronts, mode-mixity and residual stresses on Gc measurements.
Current efforts30 have been devoted to "design" MDs using 3D FE analyses. The intralaminar
damage and crack jumping phenomena common to MDs are now the main obstacle. A current
experimental programme is being carried out with thick MDs, since it was reported that they
were free from those difficulties15,31.
The often observed R-curves make the exact definition of crack initiation particularly
important. In fact, the R-curve is usually associated to fibre bridging and crack jumping
A. B. de Morais, C. C. Rebelo, P. T. de Castro, A. T. Marques, P. Davies 8
phenomena that are specimen geometry dependent. Furthermore, such phenomena tend to
occur in the initial stages of crack propagation, and especially in MDs. At this level,
experimental work will be complemented with progressive damage based numerical
simulations. Initiation criteria will be evaluated by comparing predicted Gc values with those
inputted into the damage model30.
As to the choice of the "best" mode II specimen, the 4ENF specimen seems to be quite
promising. The testing rig is simple, and crack propagation is stable. However, the practical
difficulty in following crack propagation and the greater interest in crack initiation may not
provide significant advantages over the ENF specimen. Moreover, the suitability for MDs is
an important factor still to be evaluated. MDs are generally less rigid and, according to some
studies, could also be tougher than UDs. One can expect more difficulties with the ELS
specimen e.g. large displacements and intralaminar damage. Considering the relevance of
MDs and the available results, the present experimental work is being carried out with the
ENF specimen, though studies on the ELS and 4ENF geometries are continuing elsewhere.
Most of the work herein presented was performed in the scope of Round Robins organised by
the Technical Committee 4 (TC4) of the European Structural Integrity Society (ESIS). The
authors wish to thank the other members of TC4 for their cooperation and for providing the
Several projects in Portugal (JNICT and FCT) or in the European Union also
contributed to the understanding of interlaminar fracture. In particular, A. B. de Morais thanks
the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (research project
POCTI/EME/38731/2001, FEDER European Union fund) for supporting the work currently
being performed on the subject.
1. Davies P (1998), Blackman BRK, Brunner AJ. Standard test methods for delamination resistance of
composite materials: current status. Appl. Compos. Mater., 5, 345-364.
2. ISO 15024:2001. Fibre-reinforced plastic composites - Determination of mode I interlaminar fracture
toughness, GIc, for unidirectionally reinforced materials.
3. Friedrich K, Carlsson LA, Gillespie JW, Karger-Kossis J (1991). Fracture of thermoplastic composite
materials. In Thermoplastic composite materials. Edited by L.A. Carlsson. Elsevier Science.
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5. Davies P et al. (1992). Round-Robin interlaminar fracture testing of carbon-fibre-reinforced epoxy and
PEEK composites. Compos. Sci. Technol., 43, 129-136.
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cross-ply composites. Compos. Sci. Technol., 62, 679-686.
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toughness: results from international collaborative test programme. Plastics, Rubber and Composites, 28,
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test for mode II delamination toughness determination. Compos. Sci. Technol., 60, 2137-2146.
11. O'Brien TK (1998). Composite interlaminar shear fracture toughness, GIIc: shear measurement or sheer
myth? ASTM STP 1330, 3-18.
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materials and mechanics. ASTM STP 937, 413-421.
13. Fracture Mechanics Testing Methods for Polymers, Adhesives and Composites (2001). ESIS Publication
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14. Nicholls DJ, Gallagher PJ (1983). Determination of GIc in angle ply composites using a cantilever beam test
method. J. Reinf. Plast. Compos., 2, 2-17.
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laminates. Composites, 15, 277-290.
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using a J integral. Proc. Int. Symp. on Compos. Mater. Struct., Beijing, 543-549.
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symmetrical cross-ply laminates. Compos. Sci. Technol., 41, 147-164.
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composites under mode I, mode II and mixed-mode I/II loading. J. Compos. Mater., 33, 73-100.
20. Ozdil F, Carlsson LA (1999). Beam analysis of angle-ply laminate DCB specimens. Compos. Sci. Technol.,
59, 305-315.
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directional laminates. Compos. Sci. Technol., 60, 597-604.
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in multidirectional DCB and ENF specimens. Eng. Fract. Mech., 55, 557-569.
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24. Nairn JA (2000). Energy release rate analysis for adhesive and laminate double cantilever beam specimens
emphasizing the effect of residual stresses. Int. J. Adhesion and Adhesives, 20, 59-70.
25. Raju IS, Crews JH, Aminpour MA (1988). Convergence of strain energy release rate components for edge-
delaminated composite laminates. Eng. Fract. Mech., 30, 383-396.
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laminates. Compos. Sci. Technol., 57, 637-650.
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29. Robinson P, Javidrad F, Hitchings D (1995). Finite element modelling of delamination growth in the DCB
and edge delaminated DCB specimens. Compos. Struct., 32, 275-285.
30. Morais AB, Moura MF, Gonçalves JPM, Camanho PP (2003). Analysis of crack propagation in Double
Cantilever Beam tests of multidirectional laminates. Mech. Mater., 35, 641-652.
31. Chai H (1990). Interlaminar shear fracture of laminated composites. Int. J. Fract., 43, 117-131.
32. Polaha JJ, Davidson BD, Hudson RC, Pieracci A (1996). Effects of mode ratio, ply orientation and
precracking on the delamination toughness of a laminated composite. J. Reinf. Plast. Compos., 15, 141-173.
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specimens. Compos. Sci. Technol., 58, 1929-1938.
34. Tao JX, Sun CT (1998). Influence of ply orientation on delamination in composite laminates. J. Compos.
Mater., 32, 1933-1947.
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composites under mode I, mode II and mixed-mode I/II loading. J. Compos. Mater., 33, 73-100.
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A. B. de Morais, C. C. Rebelo, P. T. de Castro, A. T. Marques, P. Davies 11
Figure 1. Scheme of the DCB test.
GIc (J/m2 )
0 20 40 60
(a - a 0 ) (mm)
Figure 2. Typical R-curves obtained in DCB tests of C/PEEK5 and C/epoxy6 UD specimens.
GI (normalise d)
0 5 10 15 20
width-wise distance (mm)
Figure 3. Distribution of GI along the width of C/epoxy UD specimens6. GI values were
normalised by the width-wise average.
A. B. de Morais, C. C. Rebelo, P. T. de Castro, A. T. Marques, P. Davies 12
Figure 4. Alternative crack initiation criteria1,2.
GIc (J/m2 )
Film Precrack Propagation
Figure 5. Results of DCB tests on C/epoxy UD specimens according to the various initiation
criteria6. Propagation values are also included.
A. B. de Morais, C. C. Rebelo, P. T. de Castro, A. T. Marques, P. Davies 13
Figure 6. Schematic representation of the proposed mode II specimens.
GIIc (J/m2 )
Film Mode II Pc Mode I Pc Wedge Pc
Figure 7. Results of ENF tests on glass/epoxy UD specimens: influence of the starter defect
(film, mode I, mode II and wedge precracks) and of initiation criteria8.
A. B. de Morais, C. C. Rebelo, P. T. de Castro, A. T. Marques, P. Davies 14
GIc (J/m2 )
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
(a - a 0 ) (mm)
Figure 8. Typical R-curves of C/epoxy [(0º/90º)6//(0º/90º)6] and [0º12//0º12] specimens6.
Figure 9. Scheme of crack propagation in [(0º/90º)6//(0º/90º)6] specimens6.
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JUPITER, FL–October 1, 2012–Foam Week TV is excited to announce the third episode its fourth season. This year, the SprayFoam.com-produced web series is sponsored by American WeatherStar.
This season's third episode features a Hollywood re-roofing application by TarHeel Roofing, an insulation replacement project by Advanced Insulation Systems, and a new self-contained power and air source from WS Enterprises.
The annual series is hosted on Foam Week TV's YouTube channel, FoamWeek.com and on the front page of SprayFoam.com each week. Host Heather Westrol covers the latest spray foam news, events and product releases from every facet of the industry. Since its debut in 2009, Foam Week TV's episodes have generated over 50,000 views on YouTube.
For those interested in providing content for Foam Week TV, please use the contact details provided below.
About American WeatherStar: American WeatherStar (AWS) is a supplier of roof coatings, wall coatings, spray foam roofing, and single-ply roofing systems. In addition to offering roofing systems, AWS also offers its approved independent dealers an extensive co-op marketing program designed to help maintain current customers while creating new ones. To find out more about American WeatherStar's services, please use the contact details provided below.
Please type the characters you see in this picture. Note: The characters are all lower case.

subset: commoncrawl


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If you want to know what's happening in today's Hispanic media climate then you need to register and attend the 2013 Hispanicize event that will occur in Miami on April 9-13. Professionals from all fields of media from marketing, online media, film and music will gather and share their experiences on how to be successful in reaching the Hispanic community while at the same time having fun socializing with like minds.
Not only will there be seminars, panel discussions and workshops but also red carpet movie premieres, live music and parties.his event is also perfect for those who wish to promote their own brands, start ups, technology or product so take an opportunity to go to the Hispanicize 2013 website for more information on presenters, venues and showcases.
The university's library was named in 1991 for an alumnus, Albert B. Alkek, who became an oilman, rancher, and philanthropist. The Albert B. Alkek Library serves as the main, central academic library supporting the Texas State University community. It is a "select depository" for United States and Texas government documents, receiving a large number of government publications from the state and 60% of all federal publications. The library also encompasses niche collections and papers including the Wittliff collections , the largest US repository of contemporary Mexican photography, the King of the Hill archives, major works of Cormac McCarthy and Sam Shepard , and the Lonesome Dove miniseries collection.
Melody Vecera is the creative services manager in the Marketing Department. Her duties include coordinating and designing marketing pieces that effectively promote the university and its departments. Melody earned her bachelor's degree from UHV in applied arts and sciences with a concentration in communications. She also studied visual communication design at Austin Community College. Prior to joining UHV's Marketing Department, Melody worked as a graphic artist for Graphix Unlimited and a production manager for the Victoria Business Magazine. She and her husband, John, reside in Victoria County, and have two children.
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Round 1 is the only controversy and even the judges were split on how to score it. GSP controlled the pace, worked teh jabs, and got the take down. Hendricks threw a few nasty elbows that hurt GSP more than anything he dished out the entire fight.
I had that a 10-10 round. By the book GSP more likely won it.


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In addition to our tutoring sessions and group virtual training sessions, we offer, from time to time, courses on Social Media and WordPress Websites.
Social Media Boot Camp is offered in Worcester through a collaboration between the Blackstone Valley Chamber of Commerce and Center for Women and Enterprise.
Social Media Boot Camp is also offered, from time to time, at CWE in Boston and in Cambridge.
Special focus classes, workshops and collaborations are also offered.
The very best way to know what is being offered by FB Smarty and her partners is to sign up for the weekly social media tips newsletter. We also encourage you to follow us on Facebook which is our main channel.


text:
Marketing Information
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General Information
System Requirements
Operating System(s):
Network & Communication
Physical Characteristics
Power Description
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Technical Information
Built-in Devices
Drive Performance


text:
CNet has captured Microsoft's "SmartGlass" portion of their press conference earlier today at E3. In a nutshell, Microsoft wants to extend the Xbox connectivity to your smart phone or tablet and it doesn't look half bad.
CNet has captured Microsoft's "SmartGlass" portion of their press conference earlier today at E3. In a nutshell, Microsoft wants to extend the Xbox connectivity to your smart phone or tablet and it doesn't look half bad.
Gaming websites and the Providence Journal are reporting today that Rhode Island-based 38 Studios has today laid off all employees, as well as those of its Maryland-based subsidiary Big Huge Games.
The Rhode Island studio's only release was this year's Kingdoms of Amalur: Reckoning, a fantasy RPG. The studio may be best known however, for the jock-nerd partnership among its "visionaries" (38 Studios' term) of former Boston Red Sox pitcher Curt Schilling, fantasy author R.A. Salvatore, comic book artist Todd McFarlane and game designer Ken Rolston.
Big Huge Games was probably best known for "Rise of Nations," a highly-regarded 2003 PC strategy game.
As of today's developments, 38 Studios will now likely be remembered for the ill-fated financial incentives Rhode Island officials used to entice the game developer from neighboring Massachusetts.
From Polygon:
The news came as a surprise to nearly everyone involved, including
the state of Rhode Island and Governor Lincoln Chafee who during an
afternoon press conference said that as of this morning they hadn't
heard a word about possible layoffs or a closure.
During the evening press conference Chafee attributed the sudden
studio closure and financial plummet to their fist game: Age of Amalur:
Reckoning, which he said "failed."
"The game failed," he said. "The game failed. That was integral to the success of the company."
He told reporters that experts told them it would have had to sell 3
million copies to break even. Schilling has said that the game sold
about 1.2 million copies in its first 90 days.
"Companies fail over night," Chafee said, in response to a question about the sudden closure.
The studio's financial turmoil first came to light earlier this month
when they first missed and then later made a $1.125 million payment to
the state of Rhode Island.
The studio's failure could result in the Ocean State now owning the Kingdom of Amalur IP, which our reviewer happened to think has a lot of potential, at least from a player's perspective.
But Joystiq reports the IP rights may be only worth $20 million, and 38 Studios owes some $50 million to Rhode Island taxpayers.
As of this posting, there's no statement on 38 Studios' website regarding the layoffs. The company's most recent release is a video showing assets for Project Copernicus, which is reportedly a World of Warcraft-style MMO based on the Amalur universe.
The studio calls Project Copernicus "a world worth saving," but will the taxpayers of Rhode Island agree?
The BBC reports today the Iranian government has overturned the death sentence against the Iranian-American game developer who Tehran accuses of being a spy.
Judges had found the verdict against Amir Mirzai Hekmati was "not
complete" and referred his case to an affiliate court, a judiciary
spokesman said.
In January, Mr Hekmati was convicted of "co-operating with a
hostile nation, membership of the CIA and trying to implicate Iran in
The US has urged Iran to release him.
The Tehran Times published Hekmati's purported confession, in which he is said to have told Iranian intelligence agents that he worked with Kuma, a games company that produces the free-to-play Kuma/War series. Kuma/War games are based on real-life combat incidents and the series' developers usually take their inspiration from the United States' wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, although the most recent Kuma/War mission is based on the death of Libyan dictator Moammar Gaddafi.
The Iranian government has claimed that Hekmati told interrogators that Kuma/War is part of a U.S. propaganda campaign to manipulate public opinion in the Middle East.
The U.S. government has also denied that Hekmati is a spy and had demanded his release.
Whether the Iranian government actually has evidence that he is a spy or is simply holding Hekmati, who has also served in the U.S. Marines, as a captive/bargaining chip during the current international tensions between the United States and Iran remains to be seen.
President Obama is today scheduled to meet with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to discuss what strategies, which could include actual military options, may be employed to prevent Iran from developing nuclear weapons.
(Via Kotaku)
Thousands of sites on Wednesday went dark in protest over the controversial and broad nature of SOPA and PIPA, the anti-piracy bills that are being considered in Congress, bringing awareness to millions of web surfers. Just take a look at this Twitter account scanning through the complaints about Wikipedia's blackout to get a general idea of how many homework assignments went unfinished (there's some frank language in there, so tread carefully).
Both bills have been critically debated by many within the tech industry over the dangers that the incredibly broad nature of the powers they propose to use against illegal sites hosting pirated material inherently have.
Imagine shutting down a street because someone decided to paint their house with something obscene, and you'll get the gist of just how broad those powers could be. Never mind that you buy your groceries at a corner store on the same street. That's just too bad.
Now it looks like the doubts that many have had over both has finally earned some action on Capitol Hill. Or rather, inaction.
According to Reuters, both the Senate and the House of Representatives had decided to delay a critical vote on the bills scheduled for the 24th for the foreseeable future. SOPA and PIPA aren't dead, but it's clear that Wednesday had been a wake up call for many of the bill's supporters…some of whom have withdrawn their support.
And according to ProPublica's Nerd Blog, opposition in Congress surged following Wednesday's blackout as you can see in the image above. That number includes a few of the co-sponsors for bills.
Everyone sees eye to eye that there's clearly a need to deal with piracy. But it's just as clear that passing legislation with deep, and potentially devastating, flaws is not the way to do it.
This is a rare serious post on Tech-Out, but the most important story in gaming this week is not about the experience of playing games, but the Iranian government sentencing American game designer Amir Mizraei Hekmati to death for espionage.
From GamaSutra, via GiantBomb:
After the former U.S. Marine was detained while visiting Iran in August
(supposedly to visit family), local daily newspaper Tehran Times published excerpts from a purported confession
in which Hekmati admitted to helping create games designed to
"manipulate public opinion in the Middle East" at New York City-based
developer Kuma Reality Games, under the CIA's direction and payroll.
Hekmati allegedly said, "[Kuma] was receiving money from the CIA to
(produce) and design and distribute for free special movies and games
with the aim of manipulating public opinion in the Middle East. The goal
of the company in question was to convince the people of Iran and the
people of the entire world that whatever the U.S. does in other
countries is a good measure."
The U.S. government denies Hekmati worked for the CIA and condemned the Iranian government's actions. From the Associated Press.
The State Department called them a "complete fabrication," and White
House spokesman Tommy Vietor added that "allegations that Mr. Hekmati
either worked for or was sent to Iran by the CIA are false."
Iranian regime has a history of falsely accusing people of being spies,
of eliciting forced confessions, and of holding innocent Americans for
political reasons," Vietor said in a statement.
Kuma Reality Games has published its Kuma War series of war-themed games since February 2004. The free-to-download games are presented as episodes, most frequently from real conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. The series debuted with a two-part episode intended to recreate the death of Saddam Hussein's sons, Uday and Qusay Hussein, in the early aftermath of the American-led invasion of Iraq.
The series' most recent episodes feature the deaths of Libyan dictator Moammar Gadhafi and al Qaida terrorist leader Osama bin Laden. Most of the playable missions listed on Kuma's website are based on actual U.S. engagements in Iraq and Afghanistan, but Mission 58, "Assault on Iran" is an attempt to create what Kuma describes as a plausible scenario for a Special Forces strike aimed at neutralizing Iran's nuclear capability.
Kuma's mission descriptions are undeniably pro-American, but that of course is no evidence that Hekmati committed espionage or that Kuma Reality Games is a CIA front. Kuma head Keith Halper did, however, tell Kotaku.com that the company has produced training software for the military.
I honestly wouldn't be shocked if the CIA tried to use games to influence popular opinion, but it seems like a waste of taxpayer dollars when the makers of the Call of Duty and Battlefield series are spending millions on games that show the U.S. military in a positive light. That bit of semi-paranoia out of the way, I have a harder time believing the Iranian government and Hekmati's purported "confession."
My guess is that the Iranian government won't really execute Hekmati, and that his trial and imprisonment is just one big show amidst the current diplomatic crisis between Iran and the United States. That prediction, of course, depends on whether or not the U.S. and Iranian navies end up shooting at each other in the Straits of Hormuz.
Check out the San Jose Mercury News for extensive coverage on Steve Jobs' retirement and what it means for Apple, the company he led.
The Mercury News is a sister paper to my employers, The Inland Valley Daily Bulletin and The Sun, and they do a great job covering Silicon Valley and tech.
Apple's stock is down a bit in Thursday morning's trading, but I don't expect the company to suffer with Jobs no longer as the company's CEO. Apple created a market for tablet computers and if Hewlett-Packard's decision to abandon the PC market is any indication, there's a strong chance that tablets will replace PCs and laptops for many households wthin the next few years. Jobs also still has a role as chairman of the board and his hand-picked successor, Tim Cook, is Apple's new chief.
From the Mercury News:
Analysts say Jobs, who
stepped away in January from day-to-day management to take his third
medical leave in a decade, assembled a strong management team to execute the Cupertino company's strategy.
magic won't go away overnight," said Richard Doherty with the
Envisioneering Group. The company's products "not only have his
fingerprints on them, they have his DNA.
"Is a man not entitled to the sweat of his brow?"
Readers who have played Bioshock will remember Rapture, the underwater city built as a Randian utopia where its fictional residents sought freedom from society's constraints against such things as using "plasmids" to modify one's genetic structure in order to shoot hornets from one's hands.
I have yet to see reports of plasmid research, but the idea of creating a new society in the ocean is reportedly a real one. The Lookout, via Details, reports Paypal founder Peter Thiel has given $1.25 million to "an initiative to create floating libertarian countries in international waters."
Thiel has been a big backer of the Seasteading Institute, which seeks to build sovereign nations on oil rig-like platforms to occupy waters
beyond the reach of law-of-the-sea treaties. The idea is for these
countries to start from scratch–free from the laws, regulations, and
moral codes of any existing place. Details says the experiment would be
"a kind of floating petri dish for implementing policies that
libertarians, stymied by indifference at the voting booths, have been
unable to advance: no welfare, looser building codes, no minimum wage,
and few restrictions on weapons."
Readers who have played Bioshock know that Rapture's inhabitants ended up killing each other and challenging players' notions on whether the concept of "free will" can exist, at least as it relates to the way video games can present players with the illusions of moral choice.
I can't say whether any future seasteaders will face such grisly ends, but I will say that I'm not sure if I like the idea of looser building codes within an ocean-built city, but what do I know?
Here is the Seasteading Society's perspective:
The vision of seasteading is an urgent one. We can already see that
existing political systems are straining to cope with the realities of
the 21st century. We need to create the next generation of
governance: banking systems to better handle the inevitable financial
crises, medical regulations that protect people without retarding
innovation, and democracies that ensure our representatives truly represent us.
Seasteaders believe that government shouldn't be like the cell phone
carrier industry, with few choices and high customer-lock-in. Instead,
we envision a vibrant startup sector for government, with many small
groups experimenting with innovative ideas as they compete to serve
their citizens' needs better.
Currently, it is very difficult to experiment with alternative social
systems on a small scale; countries are so enormous that it is hard for
an individual to make much difference. The world needs a place where
those who wish to experiment with building new societies can go to test
out their ideas. All land is already claimed — which makes the oceans
humanity's next frontier.
You know what? Plasmids are not real. (I think). I want to see what happens. Go for it, Mr. Thiel.
I was on furlough/vacation when the Supreme Court handed down its decision in Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Association.
The 7-2 ruling affirmed video games enjoy the same First Amendment protections as cinema, literature and theater while overturning a California law that banned the sale of violent video games to minors.
Inland Valley Daily Bulletin colleague Mediha Fejzagic DiMartino wrote the following article on the court's ruling. Her piece first published on www.dailybulletin.com on June 27. Read it after the jump.
Alicia Crawford, a young woman from La Quinta who attends Art Institute of California, won a $10,000 scholarship from Sony Online Entertainment, the company announced.
Crawford is the fourth winner of Sony's Gamers in Real Life (AKA G.I.R.L.) scholarship. The prize comes with $10,000 and a 10-week internship at Sony Online Entertainment's headquarters in San Diego where she will be assigned to the company's Free Realms team.
The scholarship, Sony says, is intended to help young women get into the gaming profession. Free Realms, a free-roaming online game targeted at child players.
Crawford won the scholarship with these art submissions, inspired by Everquest II.
Former New York Times film critic Elvis Mitchell says in an interview with film site Indie Wire that he would like to see videogame developers present their work at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.
Mitchell is new curator for the Film Independent/Los Angeles County Museum of Art
That said, Mitchell's interests lie in expanding, if not redefining,
what it might mean to see a movie at an art museum. "I'd love to get in
the people who make videogames (like) 'LA Noire,' 'Grand Theft Auto,' he
said. "You can't go to movies and not see the influence of those games.
I want to expand and not ignore the late 20th-century additions to
filmed entertainment."
That also could include television. "For kids under 25, there is no
line of demarcation anymore," he said. "There's not that kind of
Personally, I think movies have had a greater influence on those games than the other way around. "L.A. Confidential," one of my favorite movies, obviously influenced L.A. Noire and Grand Theft Auto IV players will remember an obvious homage to the famous bank robbery scene from "Heat."
That out of the way, Mitchell's idea sounds like a decent attempt to get draw Southern California movie fans and video game players (often the same people, obviously) to the museum. I like forward to hearing more about LACMA's plans to exhibit games alongside cinema.
(Indie Wire, via L.A. Observed.)


text: If you hadn't noticed, men's fashion has been having a bit of a love affair with military style these days. Actually, at this point, it's probably less an affair, and more a full blown relationship. Still, while we love trench coats, and dessert boots, not enough attention has been paid to higher ranking officers. To rectify this oversight, we present the Admiral Navy Blazer from Indochino. Complete with gold buttons and authentic detailing, the blazer sends a message of distinguished regality. Ladies love distinguished regality.


text:
Real Housewives of New York
Sonja Morgan: I Know I Don't Bring in Ratings For RHONY (VIDEO)
What with all of the talk about who may or may not be asked to return for The Real Housewives of New York Season 6, Sonja Morgan has made a rather bold admission about her ability — or lack thereof — to draw in viewership for the show.
Speaking to Celebuzz, Sonja said bluntly, "I don't think I'm the one who drives any ratings on any of the shows."
What she does offer the program, she declared, is some gentle humor.
"I feel like I'm more like the glue, I'm funny," she says. "I'm Hello Dolly meets Robin Leech and Martha Stewart, you know, 'cause I can go get a toaster oven."
In any case, Sonja may not want to remind people that she isn't the show's main attraction. Especially when cast-off Jill Zarin seems to be just itching to return to the show, and her cause got a major boost thanks to her Watch What Happens Live interview ratings numbers last week. With Sonja's toaster oven line seemingly glued to the pause button, she might not want to give Bravo a reason to hand her a pink slip for Season 6 just yet!
Source: Celebuzz
Get all the latest Housewives news! Like us on Facebook and follow us on Twitter @RHONYWetpaint.


text:
Hi All,
I have a few parts lying around here so thought might as well turn it into a build and need your help.
(This will be used for browsing the net and MS Office Applications, No heavy use / gaming etc.)
I will be purchasing from ebuyer (UK).
What I already have:
CPU: Intel® Pentium® Processor E2180 (1M Cache, 2.00 GHz, 800 MHz FSB)
RAM: Samsung 2x 1GB PC2-6400 DDR2
Others: DVD-RW, Card Reader
What I need:
Mobo: I've seen this which comes with onboard graphics.
Gigabyte GA-G41M-Combo Socket 775 VGA 6 Channel Audio mATX:
http://www.ebuyer.co...d-ga-g41m-combo - £40.43
Case: Going for a cheap, small case.
AvP Defender 100 Mini Tower PC Case Black Mesh Front:
http://www.ebuyer.co...front-avp-df100 - £14.51
PSU: What would you recommend? I think 400W is more than enough? Any recommendations?
CPU Cooler: Have seen these 2, both come pre-applied with Thermal Paste:
Arctic Cooling Alpine 11 Pro Socket 775 1155 1156 Processor Cooler:
http://www.ebuyer.co...aco-ap110-gbb01 - £8.50
Akasa K32 Intel Socket 775 1155 1156 Processor Cooler:
http://www.ebuyer.co...r-ak-cc7117ep01 - £8.62
Extras - Wireless Card: The router is one room away, so this should be ok.
Tenda Wireless-N300 PCI Adapter:
http://www.ebuyer.co...i-adapter-w322p - £8.49
Cost so far: ~£70
Max Budget: £100
So I've got about £30 for the PSU.
Any help would be greatly appreciated, thanks.


text:
The WSU Liaison Librarian Program
The Liaison Libarian program connects students and faculty with a librarian designated to serve the reference, library instruction, and research needs of each academic department at Washington State University.
Liaison Librarians are eager to share their love of research with your students and look forward to collaborative teaching opportunities.
- Serve as a channel between the library and your department
- Provide news and updates on library services, events, resources and policies
- Represent your concerns and interests to the libraries
- Introduce you to specific services, including:
- Provide course-based online library guides to identify resources for your classes
- Provide course-based library instruction sessions to address course-specific learning outcomes
- Participate in a research discussion thread on your coursespace
- Hold virtual "office hours" for your online course in order to answer reference questions.
- Develop a library collection to meet the teaching, research, and learning needs of the university
- Assist in incorporating information literacy skills into your curriculum
- Assist with assignment design to address information literacy goals and learning outcomes
Research Support....
- Assist in identifying and accessing resources for your research
- Provide one-on-one consultation
Find a Librarian
Click the link below to access a list of liaison librarians and the WSU Pullman/WSU Spokane academic departments they work with - you can use this list to contaact a librarian directly, or to request that the Libraries purchase something for the Libraries' permanent collection.


text:
Main Site - :: Why Won't God Heal Amputees? ::
0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.
He finally agreed and she asked if it was going to hurt.
Quote from: Nick on March 31, 2013, 09:12:24 AMHe finally agreed and she asked if it was going to hurt. He told her, "Yeah, it's going to hurt. It's going to hurt a lot. But, that's OK. Because it's only going to hurt you!"Odin, King of the Gods[snicker]
I was once asked by a friend who had limited mobility and was severely depressed if I would help her commit suicide. I said yes...
... I'm still not sure what I would have done had it come to the test. ...
... slavery ended because of the Confederacy.


text:
|NOTE: This product is no longer being sold and might not be supported. View the End-of-Life Notice to learn:
Many organizations are suffering from information overload, resulting from too many security consoles and too many security events to handle. The CiscoWorks Monitoring Center for Security addresses these issues by providing a unified server to capture, view, correlate and report on events from network IDS, switch IDS, IDS network modules for routers, host based Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS), router based IPS, PIX, Firewall services modules and IOS devices.
The CiscoWorks Monitoring Center for Security also provides a flexible notification engine to raise the visibility of critical events. Administrators can also access meaningful information on alarms that will explain the cause and severity of the problems, and suggest possible remedies.
This tool is a featured component of the CiscoWorks VPN/Security Management Solution (VMS).


text:
|African Sensations Lodge and Spa offers you a heavenly combination of 4 star bed and breakfast accommodation and the full range of rejuvenating healthspa treatments.
|African Sensations Lodge & Spa is the ideal venue for business accommodation, holiday accommodation, honeymooning, or simply for a day visit where you can be pampered and treated to our symphony of services.
To see more of what African Sensations Destination Spa has to offer, please click here.
|Conveniently located near Durban City, the Botanical Gardens, Japanese Gardens, Suncoast and Sibaya Casinos, whale & dolphin watching, golfing, beaches, cinemas, Rugby and Soccer stadiums, and much more!
For more information on African Sensations bed and breakfast accommodation, click here.
Copyright African Sensations 2013
Bed and Breakfast Accommodation Durban :: Destination Spa Durban
Website developed and hosted by: Web Inn


text:
Monday, March 31, 2014
The Other Side
27 comments:
What you wrote is beautiful and from your heart. Give yourself grace, and thank you for reminding me what is important in life. I have tears running down my face.ReplyDeleteReplies
Thank you so much.Delete
Love. Love. Love. Praying for you and your perfect family! XOXOReplyDeleteReplies
Thanks Keri. We really appreciate the prayers!Delete
Love. Love. Love. Praying for you and your perfect family. XOXOReplyDelete
You are an amazing and strong person and mom. what you wrote is beautiful. Thanks for sharing your blog.ReplyDeleteReplies
Thank you so much for your words.I appreciate it very much.Delete
- AnonymousMarch 31, 2014 at 1:52 PM
Thank you so much for sharing, Melissa. Want to know something? This happens with biological children, too. My experience with my second was terribly different than it was with my first. It gets easier, and those feelings fade. Blessings to you.ReplyDeleteReplies
Yes, I've heard that more and more as I've opened up and shared my experience. Thanks for commenting.Delete
I'm glad you shared this. I had a VERY similar experience with our first two adoptions. Our first little guy - total connection right away, really easy, not a moment that I wasn't head over heels for him. Second adoption...oh my. It took me months to get to a place of feeling love. It was so hard and I worried we would never really love each other or connect. That was almost three years ago, and now...that kid has my heart!!! Sometimes when we snuggle and he looks up at me, it's like I can feel the bond that is between us and it's incredible because we had to fight for it. Thanks for sharing - it really is good for people to know this may happen, but also that you can make it through it :)ReplyDeleteReplies
Thank you so much for sharing your story, Rachel. I agree that people need to hear this stuff. They need to know they're not alone.Delete
- AnonymousMarch 31, 2014 at 6:52 PM
Oh sweet Melissa.... I wish I was there to wrap you up & hug you.. You are so brave to share this.... Please know that it in no way diminishes who you are in anyone's mind.. in fact, it just confirms how special you are. Anyone could just hide it... or fake it.. but you chose to share it for the sake of other mom's going through the same thing. Definitely, allow yourself a LOT of grace... just as God does for you. For one thing... you were on such an adrenalin high for so long...starting at the beginning of your adoption of Giddy. Then in 6 short months, you never really got the chance to experience NORMAL new parenthood before you were thrown into a second process of adopting Bishop. Remember this too...even a wonderfully happy life event can be emotionally draining. Just like the let down many feel when the anticlimax hits following the wonderful wedding... many also feel the same kind of let down after the birth or adoption of a new baby... they label that "post-partum depression". Even though it doesn't happen every time...it's still a normal emotional reaction. What is so touching is this... even though you were having doubts, you sought God's will in adopting little Bishop and were obedient to the call. What a testimony that is! God knew this was going to be tough.. but He also knew YOU.. He knew how you would fight through the fear & anxiety and trust Him to make it right. He also equipped you with faith & family to help you through it. He will continue to walk with you on this journey He has called you to. I personally wanted to thank you for your openness in sharing both your adoption experience & your obvious strong faith in the Lord. God is using you to minister not only to other adopting parents...but also to friends & family who may not have the hope of the Lord that you have. God is using you to touch the lives of so many souls who otherwise would not hear the GOOD NEWS. You are His Light... Keep on shining for Him! So proud to know you...!! p.s. Sorry this post turned into a book... but you have been on my heart & I felt led to share this word of encouragement ...even before you posted this. p.s.s. We will get our several prayer chain connections going for little Bishop's upcoming surgery and for you & your whole family. Please continue to keep us updated. Ms. DavaReplyDeleteReplies
Wow Ms Dava! Thank you! Your words are so kind and have truly touched my heart. Thank you for your constant support and encouragement! It means the world to me.Delete
You nailed it girl. So proud to call you friend - this is so much harder than many know - this loving beyond our own feelings, this daily choosing to surrender and to act loving and drive toward healing. And you are doing it, even in the baring of your heart as you do here. You are choosing love and I'm so very proud of you. Thanks for the loving support you have been offering us - we will get through these days and come out on the other side victorious and HE will get all the glory for it! Love you.ReplyDeleteReplies
Thanks so much Tracy. I love you too! You have been such a support to me, always letting me vent or letting me talk something through with you. You are awesome and you are right...we WILL get through it...together! Hugs!Delete
I just wanted to reach out and give you a cyber hug. You are NOT alone. By sharing you've helped others feel less alone. There is a way through this for the vast majority of parents, and I know you'll be one of those because you're reaching out for help and talking about it. Thank you.ReplyDelete
Dawn Davenport
Host of radio show "Creating a Family: Talk about Adoption and Infertility"
Facebook: Dawn.Davenport1
Twitter: DawnDavenport1
Google+ Dawn DavenportReplies
Thanks Dawn. I appreciate you taking the time to leave a little note of encouragement. I so agree that it's crucial to be honest and reach out. We are meant to be in community in this life. I can't imagine doing it any other way. I will go check out your website. Always looking for new resources to help our family.Delete
- AnonymousApril 1, 2014 at 8:24 AM
Thank you for being brave and sharing the feelings so many of us have but are embarrassed to say out loud. We have three children through adoption and each bonding experience was very different.ReplyDelete
Oh Melissa! Thanks for pouring your heart out! What a beautiful post! Prayers and ((hugs)) for you!!ReplyDelete
Thanks Amber! Can't wait for a real hug the end of this month ;)ReplyDelete
The truth needs to be said, without judgement.Many times adoptive parents are smacked in the face with this reality and no support, no idea it could be like this. Sometimes, love comes slowly....and that's ok. Thank you for sharing and putting it all out there. No judgement, just lots of prayers and kind thoughts sent your way.ReplyDeleteReplies
Thanks so much Dawn!Delete
Thanks for saying this... I remember my hubby haven love at first sight and I was just paralyzed inside. Nothing for a long time. I choose to Love I practiced fake it till you make it. I put off the second adoption because I just didn't want a second experience like the first. Don't you hate it when your honest with other parents and they look at you like you just said "I like worms for breakfast?" and you feel like your a failure. Well your not! I prefer real, over unrealistic adoptive stories. Yes we all clear coat our blogs but No judgement here. I love that you are being real and honest. Oh and second time around I fell instantaneously in love meanwhile hubby now understands my feelings... Huggles!ReplyDelete
It's the reality of adoption. Although all 5 of my kiddos came to us thru the miracle of adoption, we parented 3 of them domestically since birth. I can honestly say, adopting a toddler is a whole different experience. These kiddos come with trauma, deep trauma. They are survivors, and fighters. We love them, but sometimes cannot connect to them. I understand. We have been in survival mode as a family for 3 years, since bringing home our Ben - and subsequently our Lucy. No one can begin to fathom the raw hurt, struggles and pain that adoptive children suffer. It's deep and "hard wired", as our counselor has informed us. Please know you are not alone. I feel like we should meet! I would love to speak with someone who relates to our struggles. Prayers.ReplyDelete
I've told you before, but wanted to say it again in response to this post . . . God used you to encourage and help lead us to adoption because of your openness and honesty over the years. I can't thank you enough!ReplyDelete
To be even a small part of how God is shaping your journey and your family is overwhelmingly humbling. Thank you for your encouragement and prayers throughout the years.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousApril 25, 2014 at 5:37 PM
One more person to echo that it happens even when it's a 'bio' situation. And may continue over years! You have it right, though. Love is a choice, during good, bad, or ugly it is still a blessing! And even if every day has it's struggles, it has it's amazing moments too... somedays I have to look a little harder to find them, that's all. Praying for you!ReplyDelete


text:
Code covered by the BSD License
Neill Tucker
Neill Tucker (view profile)
3 files
222 downloads
10 Feb 2009
12 Apr 2015)
A toolbox allowing rapid definition and evaluation of 2D and 3D phased array antennas.
% LEAST MEAN SQUARE OPTIMISATION (exlms1)
% This type of optimisation / beam synthesis is used to steer the array's
% main lobe in the direction of the wanted signal and place nulls in the
% direction of the interferers.
% This example is for an 8 element array with a wanted signal at theta=10,phi=0
% and 2 interferers at theta=50,phi=0 and theta=-10,phi=0. See inside this file
% for details.
% This method relies on knowing in advance the direction of the desired signals
% and interferers. It is not an Angle Of Arrival (AOA) estimation algorithm.
% This example and the code in lmsoptimise.m function (beam_synthesis directory)
% has been adapted for ArrayCalc from 'Smart Antennas for Wireless Communications
% with Matlab' by Frank Gross, published by McGraw-Hill.
help exlms1
init; % Initialise global variables
lambda=3e8/freq_config; % Calculate wavelength
% Array Parameters
M=8; % Number of elements in X-direction
N=1; % Number of elements in Y-direction
xspc=0.5; % Array spacing in the X-direction
yspc=0.5; % Array spacing in the Y-direction
rect_array(M,N,xspc*lambda,yspc*lambda,'iso',0); % Construct 1st (M by N) Array
signal=[10,0]; % Wanted signal direction [theta,phi]
inter1=[50,0]; % Direction of interferer #1 [theta,phi]
inter2=[-10,0]; % Direction of interferer #2 [theta,phi]
mu=0.01; % Step size for optimisation
lmsoptimise(signal,[inter1; inter2],mu);
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The perfect gift for the heartthrob in your life! This totally cool teddy comes with a Heartthrob Hoodie, Black Carpenter Jeans and Black Canvas High-Tops.
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Business Law (Master of Commerce)
The Business Law specialisation is designed to develop a sound understanding of the impact of commercial law on business activity. Graduates will be able to recognise potential legal problems and work in house on their solution, as well as identify when to seek expert advice and maximise interactions with the legal profession. The emphasis throughout the specialisation is on the legal problems likely to be encountered by graduates in their future careers. This specialisation adds value to any business graduate by providing a framework of legal knowledge. Business law has always been an important part of the professional education of accountants (the units are accredited for accounting purposes) and provides a useful second specialisation for students specialising in business or finance-related fields.
Why study this specialisation?
Requirements for the specialisation
The following information is for students who commenced study or transferred into the Master of Commerce from 2012 or students who commenced study in 2011 and wish to follow these requirements for a specialisation. All other students should refer to the information set out below under Information for pre-2012 continuing students.
To be awarded a specialisation in Business Law, students complete five units of study (30 credit points), comprising:
(i) one foundational unit of study (six credit points), as follows:
(ii) one compulsory unit of study (six credit points), as follows:
(iii) three elective units of study (18 credit points) selected from the following units of study:
- CLAW6005 Regulation of Capital Markets *
- CLAW6006 Regulatory Response to Business Failure *
- CLAW6007 Issues in Law and International Business
- CLAW6026 Taxation Law in Practice
- CLAW6028 Corporate Governance, Law and Ethics *
- CLAW6029 Concepts of Chinese Taxation *
- CLAW6030 China's Legal Environment for Business
- CLAW6031 International Financial Crime
- CLAW6032 Regulating Innovation and Distribution
- CLAW6033 International Business Tax Strategy (new unit for 2015)
* Not offered for 2015.
Note: Non-foundational (advanced) units of study can be used to count to one specialisation only. For example, CLAW6007 cannot be used to count towards both a Business Law and an International Business specialisation.
Information for pre-2012 continuing students
Students who commenced study in the Master of Commerce in 2011 may choose to complete their specialisation according to the information set out above or can choose to complete according to the information set out in the following downloadable PDF which lists the 2011 structure. Students should also refer to the handbook of the year they commenced study for exact details of their specialisation requirements.
- Requirements for the Business Law specialisation for students who commenced study in the Master of Commerce in 2011
Students who commenced their degree before 2011 (in FH014 Master of Commerce), should follow the requirements for the Major in Business Law as set out in the handbook of the year they commenced study.
Availability of this specialisation
This version of this specialisation is available under the following degrees:
- Master of Commerce (12 unit program)
- Master of Commerce (16 unit program)
- Master of Commerce and Master of Logistics Management
- Master of International Business and Master of Commerce
Students enrolled in the Graduate Diploma in Commerce or the Graduate Certificate in Commerce may choose units from this specialisation subject area as electives in their course.


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Jonathan Groff set to return to 'Glee'
Jesse St. James is making his triumphant return to "Glee," y'all!
Despite reports that Jonathan Groff would not be able to return to FOX's hit show this season due to scheduling conflicts, TV Line is now reporting that the fan favorite has worked out a deal to reprise his role. Three cheers for more Groff!
Want even more good news? Groff will be returning for not one, not two, but three episodes. Three more cheers for more Groff!
Fans can expect to see Jesse in Season 2's final three episodes. When we last saw Jesse, he won Sectionals with Vocal Adrenaline and broke Rachel's ( Lea Michele) heart with an egg to the head in the process. Cold-blooded.
So what's he doing back? A source says, "He's back to apologize to Rachel and perhaps to get her back."
That's great and all since we loved real life BFFs Groff and Michele's chemistry, but what we really want to see is a sing-off between Jesse and Blaine ( Darren Criss). Old fan favorite vs. new fan favorite sounds pretty epic, no?
What do you think of Groff's return, Zappers? What song would you like Jesse to perform to try and win back Rachel?
Photo/Video credit: FOX


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Memorandum Number: No. 174-M
August 2, 1995
The Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low IntensityConflict, Office of Humanitarian Affairs (SOLIC-HRA) has approved the surfacemovement of 245,000 Humanitarian Daily Rations (HDRs) from Italy to Croatia. Afact sheet on HDRs is attached.
The HDRs will be surface-shipped from DoD warehouses at the Leghorn Army DepotActivity, Livorno, Italy to warehouses controlled by the United Nations HighCommissioner for Refugees, Zagreb, Croatia. The shipment is expected to becompleted by August 10, 1995.
The Humanitarian Daily Ration (HDR) was specifically designed by the Office ofHumanitarian and Refugee Affairs for use in emergency situations to feed andsustain moderately malnourished people until more traditional feeding methodsare restored. This nutritious, culturally sensitive and cost-effective rationhas drawn praise from the U.N. and the international relief community, and hasemerged as a significant and lasting contributor to the fight against hunger.
The HDR is a pre-packaged, ready-to-eat food ration that provides an entireday's nutritional requirement. Each ration packet contains two main vegetarianmeals which rely heavily on lentils, beans and rice, and complementary itemslike bread, a fruit bar, a fortified biscuit, peanut butter and spices.Weighing in at nearly 2,200 calories, each HDR costs $3.95 and has a shelf lifeof 18 - 24 months.
The HDR packaging is bright yellow for easy identification on the ground whenair-dropped and includes illustrations depicting consumption procedures.Hundreds of thousands of HDR's were first air-dropped over isolated Bosnianenclaves on November 22, 1993, as part of the humanitarian relief effortPROVIDE PROMISE. Since then, the food packets have fed thousands of refugeesworldwide.


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World Markets: Far East
Fubonn Supermarket
2850 SE 82nd Ave
The Find: Peking ducks (head and all) for less than $2 a pound
Although they are slightly different from the French-style Muscovy ducks found in upscale butcher shops, Fubonn's Peking ducks are ideal for cassoulet or confit. But there's far more than poultry at this Asian market. Founded in 1996 by Michael Liu, the store became an instant star among the dozens of Asian-owned businesses reinventing once-seedy SE 82nd Avenue. Top Portland chefs shop here for giant slabs of pork belly and other pig parts: heart, kidney, loin, chop, trotter, jowl, tongue, and even fresh hog's blood. But Fubonn is also a promised land for vegetables, offering more than 10 types of greens, plus hard-to-find items like kohlrabi, key limes, fresh turmeric root, pods of tamarind, okra, gobo root, and long bean, along with eggplants of every shape, size, and color. Seafood includes live lobster, crab, oysters, whole barracuda, sturgeon, and squid. The condiment aisle alone is larger than most neighborhood markets. —MT
Likely to Spot: Saucebox chef de cuisine Gregory Gourdet scouring the racks for fermented condiments and spring-roll wrappers
H Mart
13600 SW Pacific Hwy
503-620-6120, hmart.com
The Find: Kimchi
Think of any animal, vegetable, or mineral: the Koreans have likely pickled it, and H Mart probably stocks it. Whether you're seeking the traditional spicy, briny kimchi made from fermented Chinese cabbage; kimchi concocted from green onions, daikon, radish, mustard leaves, or even dandelion greens; or the ingredients to make it yourself—the store has entire aisles dedicated to the salt, red pepper, and spices you'll need—H Mart is a must-try for food preserving fans. The two-year-old store, part of an East Coast Korean grocery chain with 41 North American locations, is the largest Asian grocery store in the Portland metropolitan area. It's also a nosher's nirvana, with an expansive produce aisle replete with worldly delights (banana flowers, anyone?) and a behemoth seafood counter selling live fish, abalone, sea squirt, manila clams, and whole frozen octopus. H Mart's meat department is proof of the Korean obsession with (and mastery of) barbecue—packages of grill-ready slices of pork belly, galbi (marinated short ribs), chicken, and pork abound. —MT
Likely to Spot: Castagna executive chef Matt Lightner buying sesame powder and tapioca flour
10500 SW Beaverton-Hillsdale Hwy, Beaverton
503-643-4512, uwajimaya.com
The Find: Fish cakes
In 1928, Fujimatsu Moriguchi started selling home-made fish cakes from the back of a truck in Tacoma, Washington. He named the fly-by-night operation "Uwajimaya" after his seaside hometown on the small island of Shikoku. Prospering despite the Great Depression and Japanese internment, the Moriguchi family opened their third location in 1998, a massive 30,000-square-foot store in Beaverton. (With a little luck, an even bigger store could break ground in Old Town this year.) The chain still makes Moriguchi's original fish cakes, but now it also stocks an entire continent's worth of products from Japan, China, Thailand, and Vietnam. Uwajimaya's ceiling-high fish tanks—teeming with Kumamoto oysters, manila clams, tilapia, geoduck, Dungeness crabs, and Maine lobsters—bring the deep blue ashore. The refrigerators are stocked daily with equally fresh sockeye salmon, red snapper, and black cod. There's also an entire aisle devoted to gourmet noodles. —MP
Likely to Spot: Grüner chef and owner Chris Israel buying pea sprouts and white Asian radishes


text:
Very cute, smart, playful West Highland Terrier (Westie) pups. Have males and females. They are 8 weeks old. Vaccines have been started. Please call if you would like to add one to your family.
ENGLISH BULLDOG Puppies. Great confirm-ations w/short cobby bodies & legs. Reserve now.940-368-6059. Lic#: 244
HAVE SEVERAL LITTERS RIGHT NOW TO CHOSE FROM EVEN HAVE A FEW POSSIBLE CHOCOLATE CARRIERS .... THEY ALL HAVE THE BEST DEMEANOR... Personality plus !!!!!
call or text now 940-368-6059 or 214-733-0353
Poodle Pups Taking deposits DOB 6/9/15 817-636-2826 9a-9p Facebook/silk poodles Pics online gadzoo
2 boys $575 each, 2 girls $675 each. These little ones are full of love, they bond very quickly and looking for that forever home to be a part of. Mom is an apricot mini and dad is a blue toy. Pups will be in that size range. Both parents are part of our home and can ...
Meet Ivy (the brindle puppy) and Piper (the black and white puppy)! For the past few month we have fostered these two sweet girls. They were rescued the last week of April from the side of the highway.
Since the puppies have been in our care we have taken them to the vet and they have received all of the necessary puppy vaccinations. They both have been neutered as well. Today they ...


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|LeAnne Pugliese
|Bonnie Klass
|Nina Forsyth
|Wendy Aungst
|Vicki Burdick
|Sue Joyce
|Sherry Eckblad
Deanna Dean (FD)
|Narelle Farrugia
|Anne Hayward (GD)
|Margaret Moody
|Allisa Chilton
Monday, January 28, 2013
Merry Monday Christmas Card Challenge #47 {Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas}
15 comments:
- Sherry Eckblad said...
Great card Lesley. Love the stamped sentiment.
- January 28, 2013 at 8:30 AM
- Margaret Moody said...
Ooooo! I LOVE this, Lesley! Love all your different elements, but especially love the stamp image and the ribbon! So pretty!
- January 28, 2013 at 9:10 AM
- Wendy said...
Terrific card with those colors, papers and that cute stamp, Lesley! Loved this week's tic tac toe challenge!!
Have a great week! :)
- January 28, 2013 at 11:57 AM
- LeAnne said...
Love that tree image, Lesley! And the little star at top--sweet!
- January 28, 2013 at 2:50 PM
- Bonnie said...
What a lucky find, Lesley! Love that ribbon with the pretty tree! This was a really fun challenge and I'm lovin' the variety each week!
- January 28, 2013 at 3:17 PM
- KayM said...
Oh what a fun idea for a challenge! Can't wait to try this one! Love love your card! And all of the designers cards are fabulous!
- January 28, 2013 at 6:03 PM
- Scrappin Rabbit Designs said...
Love the challenge and all the great inspiration! ~Tami
- January 29, 2013 at 9:43 AM
- Notes by Nina said...
Fantastic card Lesley, I love The fun bright colors and simple snowflake. This is a wonderful stamp too.
I am such a ditz :) I just realized that I did not even go in a correct line for my card. Maybe not one will notice :).
- January 29, 2013 at 4:13 PM
- Vicki B. said...
So pretty Lesley, love that tree with the sweet star on top!!
- January 29, 2013 at 6:59 PM
- Granmargaret said...
Lovely card Lesley, but I didn't see it on the Feeling Sketchy challenge site.
I have just found this blog from a comment Kay put on my blog.
Good idea making a Christmas card each week. I will try to join in.
- January 30, 2013 at 9:44 PM
- Erika Clark said...
I love your card, Lesley! What a fun challenge this week, I love the choices :) Erika
- January 31, 2013 at 10:33 AM
- Debbie said...
Beautiful cards by the DT!!!
Not sure if mine really qualifies... it is a Christmas thank you not a 'real' Christmas card, so delete it if you need. (entry #25)
- January 31, 2013 at 3:23 PM
- Narelle Farrugia said...
Another gorgeous Christmas card Lesley - love all the pretty details! Tic, tac, toe is a fabulous challenge!
- February 1, 2013 at 2:24 AM
- Bananastamper said...
Thanks so much for the inspiration to keep going with Christmas cards! Cheers,
Shanna :)
- February 1, 2013 at 11:32 AM
- Kim Evans said...
As always, the cards here & the DT are so inspiring! I love having a place to come to for ideas and inspiration. Thanks to everyone who participated this week for sharing your ideas!
- February 3, 2013 at 4:58 PM
Post a Comment
Thank you for stopping by! I appreciate the time you took to leave me a little stamping love!!
Lesley :)


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The Secretary at the US Department of Labor, Tom Perez, has said that the US is "distressingly behind the curve" on paid sick leave, vacation leave and parental leave. It's certainly been no secret that the US is the world's only wealthy nation that does not mandate a minimum for taking time off - almost four out of 10 private sector workers (or 43.5 million workers) across the country have no sick leave at all.
Replicon's suite of Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) products are easy-to-use, quick to implement and easy to maintain. All products can be deployed individually or as a seamlessly integrated suite of products.
Track Attendance and Time Off
- Easy-to-use timesheet for salary and hourly employees
- Configure time off, overtime policies and business rules
- Set up multi-level approvals
- Standard and configurable reports
- Integrate with leading payroll and HR software
Punch in Punch out
- Create employee work schedules
- Make adjustments on-the-fly
- Auto fill timesheet with the schedule
- Compare actual vs. scheduled hours
- Report on historical schedule adherence
- Integrate seamlessly with both Web TimeSheet editions
Streamline time capture and billing
- Track time by clients, projects
- Set up multi-level approvals and reminders
- Manage multiple billing rates
- Gain visibility with standard and configurable reports
- Integrate easily with virtually any project management or financial solution
Track Project Time and Cost
- Track time against projects, clients or any business entity
- Track actual vs. estimated hours/cost
- Set up multi-level approvals and reminders
- Standard and configurable reports
- Integrate with leading PM and accounting software
Track Project Expenses
- Track expenses in multiple currencies
- Upload expense receipts
- Manage expense reimbursements
- Set up multi-level approvals
- Get real-time reports on incurred expenses
- Integrate with Web TimeSheet and leading accounting software
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- Implementation Services - Our team of implementation specialists will ensure that your rollout stays on schedule, on budget and in-line with your business needs.
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- Customization - Customize Replicon's time tracking solutions to your specifications with our Professional Services team.
Our time tracking software makes the complete process of creating, editing, updating, approving and assigning a timesheet easier and less time consuming. We've helped companies of all sizes with their time tracking needs. These companies rely on our full suite of cloud-based solutions that include products like Time Bill, Time Cost and Time Attend; All fully-accessible in the office or on-the-go.
Replicon offers the leading hassle-free time tracking software solution, which ensures that employee time tracking is easy and less of a burden. One of the main benefits of our time tracking software is our user-friendly and award-winning interface.
Replicon's time tracking software strives to offer you the best hassle-free experience possible. Our goal is to add hours to your day and make your work-life easier through 24x7 support, fast adoptions, pain-free maintenance, and quick implementation that can lead to faster time to value.
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- Intuitive user interfaces make time entry a breeze.
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- Seamless upgrades and maintenance delivered regularly and automatically, that free up time and resources for you to concentrate on your core business.
- Award-winning customer support—the hallmark of a quality solutions provider.
- World-class data security, no-hassle implementation, and vastly reduced costs compared to traditional on-premise software.
In The News
Commentary from Replicon's co-CEO and co-founder on overtime pay reforms and the impact to businesses, including the on-demand economy.
Project management pros including Replicon share their top tips for more efficient and effective software usage
Press Releases
Replicon Helps Drive ICT sector's phenomenal growth and continued momentum for 2015
Award honors companies that offer nation's best places to work
From Our Blog
With summer at our doorstep, graduates are actively seeking to get their foot in the door in the corporate world, and businesses are looking to recruit interns to support their learning and career development, as well as possibly hire employees longer term.


text:
I see you (in a non Cena way )
Look at you all backtracking and stuff.
Pfffffffffft! Bit late with that one now.
Is your inbox full ya monkey.
I've tried sending you 2 PM's now and they aren't going through?
You're a star.
Yeah please!
Do you still have King Strem's bio?
Cleared now!
Ashley, did you get a Raw promo assignment? If not, you should have.
Message me back please.
Is she a Jeff Hardy fan at least?
The Trinity
Black Ninja!
Normal Member
© 2011 eWrestlingNews, All Rights Reserved.


text:
PIMCO on:
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Asia Pacific
Mihir P. Worah, Nicholas J. Johnson
Looking ahead into 2012, PIMCO expects modest inflation to continue, as last year's pricing pressures have eased. But there are risks to that scenario, both to the upside and downside. Headline inflation, as measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI) in the U.S., ran at 3.0% in 2011, up from 1.5% for 2010. The Core CPI, which excludes the volatile food and energy components, also accelerated from a 0.8% increase in 2010 to a 2.2% increase in 2011. As we look at the underlying components, we do not expect this trend of rising inflation rates to continue this year. Our base case is for inflation to moderate and trend lower from current 3% levels. However, there are a number of factors that could tip us either way – much higher inflation or even temporary deflation. Longer term our bias is toward higher inflation, and we feel any deflationary episode is likely to be short-lived, as the one we saw in 2008. ________________________________________
No part of this material may be reproduced in any form, or referred to in any other publication, without express written permission. Pacific Investment Management Company LLC, 650 Newport Center Drive, Newport Beach, CA 92660, 800-387-4626. ©2015, PIMCO.
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Single Article Purchase:
Transvaginal Cholecystectomy
Wood SG, Solomon D, Panait L, Bell RL, Duffy AJ, Roberts KE.
JAMA Surg. 2013;148(5):435-438.
Published online May 1, 2013
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(PRWEB) June 26, 2014
Investor Echo, a new social network for investors, is finishing up the final stages of testing as the investing website nears its official launch date of Monday, June 30.
"I'm not getting much sleep," admitted Larry Dembinski, founder of Investor Echo the popular Canadian investor social network. We're working late into the night testing the new site updates, and then I'm up early chatting on the site with other members."
With so many features, it is difficult for the team to keep track of all the integration.
"Just within our market news section alone, there are about 90 dropdown submenu lists," says Dembinski. "The member account area is filled with options to connect with friends, send messages or track conversations and interests. Sometimes it's a little complex even for me."
As a social network platform, Investor Echo (http://www.investorecho.com) kept all of the interactive features for members that are available with most other social networking platforms. What sets Investor Echo apart is the integration of these features with the stock message boards, strategy forums and investing articles section.
"We've had some great suggestions from our members, and we'll be implementing those ideas into the new site," says Dembinski. "Our development team and our members have been just amazing in helping to improve the Investor Echo experience. A big thank you to them all."
Communication and keeping up-to-date on what is happening with markets, company news, or other members is important so the site makes this a priority. The updated Investor Echo will include features that make the site easier to navigate and more user-friendly. Members can start a fresh topic in the Investment Strategy Forums or comment and reply to others posts from any area of the site.
The new and improved Investor Echo launches on Monday, June 30 2014. The new site will include:
About Investor Echo
Investor Echo is a social network for investors, the 21st century equivalent of a Speakers Corner, where anyone with an idea or an opinion about investing can share their views with other investors. Founded in 2010, by Larry Dembinski, in St. Albert, Alberta, Investor Echo is a member of the MacroTech IR Inc. financial communication channel family. Other MacroTech IR Inc. channels include Seasonal Investing, Invest Daily and MacroTech IR.