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Last Friday, the restructuring of United Bank for Africa (UBA) Plc was concluded, following the listing of two separate entities carved out of the banking group. Following the decision of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) to end universal banking model in 2010, banks were required to adopt a new structure.
The board of UBA opted for a commercial banking (monoline)structure, which led to the divestment from all the group's non-commercial banking business to be held as separate companies by UBA shareholders.
Under the new arrangement, the divested non-commercial banking businesses (except Africa Prudential Registrars and Afriland Properties that will be held directly by shareholders) were consolidated within UBA Capital Plc.
The restructuring, which was approved by the shareholders last December, resulted in the emergence of four separate stand-alone companies. The companies include: UBA Plc, UBA Capital Plc, African Prudential Registrars Plc and Afriland Properties Plc.
UBA Plc comprises the Nigeria bank, 18 African banking subsidiaries, UBA Pension Custodians, UBA Forex Markets and UBA Capital Europe.
UBA Capital Plc is made up of UBA Asset Management; UBA Trustees; UBA Metropolitan Insurance; UBA Stockbrokers; UBA Insurance Brokers and UBA Nominees.
African Prudential Registrars Plc is into share registration business while Afriland Properties Plc is into properties real estate related businesses.
Implication for Shareholders
Listing the benefits of the new structure, Chairman of the bank, Israel Ogbue, said it would enhance UBA's corporate governance practises because there would be dedicated board and management focus on the core business of commercial banking.
The structure, he added, would ensure the protection of shareholders, explaining that in designing the new structure, care was taken to ensure that the potential concerns of all stakeholders were addressed, especially shareholders of UBA Plc
"The proposed restructuring of the Group will ensure significant enhancement of portfolio optimisation, coordination and reduction of risks and duplications across the different businesses. Shareholders will remain the end beneficiaries of inherent/future value existing in viable subsidiaries that operate in industries with strong underlying fundamentals and that have demonstrated sustainable growth and profitability profiles," he declared.
On his part, the Group Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer of the bank, Phillip Oduoza, said the board adopted a commercial banking structure that would lead to more value for shareholders.
"Capital market valuations of post-restructure entities will likely reveal an unlocking of value as investors will gain a deeper understanding of spun off entities currently within the UBA Group. We believe that this will drive operational efficiency, support our growth strategies and be a significant driver of value to all stakeholders," he said.
Last Friday, African Prudential Registrars Plc and UBA Capital Plc were listed on the NSE as separate companies. While one billion shares of African Prudential Registrars Plc were listed at N1.59 per share, four billion shares of UBA Capital got listed at N1.16 per share.
Both companies now have separate boards of directors with Mrs. Eniola Fadayomi as the Chairman of African Prudential Registrars Plc while Mr. Peter Ashade, remains the managing director/chief executive officer.
On the other hand, Angela Aneke is the Chairman of UBA Capital, while Mr. Rasheed Olaoluwa is the chief executive officer of the company.
However, shareholders of UBA Plc have one share in African Prudential Registrars Plc and four shares in UBA Capital for every 33 shares held in the bank.
Analysts' Views
Analysts at Renaissance Capital said the impact of the restructuring on UBA shareholders is boosted by the dominance of the banking assets of the firm. They therefore believe investors should stick more to the banking arm.
"The question, we think, is what shareholders should do with the new entities. We are not convinced the UBA Capital and Registrars business should trade at the same multiple as the commercial banking assets. These businesses are small, and additionally it is unclear, in our opinion, whether they have viable competitive advantages as standalone businesses," they said.
Financial Performance of UBA
Looking at the historic performance of the bank, shareholders should be assured of good future performance even without the non-banking subsidiaries. In terms revenue, the banking arm contributed 96 per cent in 2011, while the remaining arms contributed four per cent. The bank ended 2011 with gross earnings of N184.833 billion, with banking accounting for N178.709 billion.
In terms of before tax and exceptional items, banking accounted for N4.563 billion (54 per cent) out of the N8.355 billion profit. Although the banking arm also made the group to record a loss of N13 billion in 2011 due to clean-up exercise, it is expected that kind of provisioning would not recur in the nearest future.
A further analysis of the gross earnings of the bank indicated that substantial part came from the core banking business of the organisation.
For instance, N121.42 billion of the income was generated from interest income, representing 65 per cent of the N184.5 billion recorded for the year.
Loans and advances accounted for the highest income representing 53 per cent followed by income generated from treasury bills and investment securities which accounted for 41.4 per cent.
In terms of adequate capitalisation to carry on its commercial banking business with subsidiaries in 18 African countries, UBA had paid-up share capital of UBA of N16.17 billion in December 2011, which was an increase of 25 per cent above the N12.93 billion level of 2010. Although the shareholders' funds of the bank declined by 5.2 per cent in 2011 from N179 billion to N170 billion, it stood above the minimum capital requirement of N25 billion by the CBN for banks in the Nigerian banking industry and above the N50 billion international banks that will have office outside Nigeria.
Also, capital adequacy ratio(CAR) of UBA stood at 21 per cent in 2011(17 per cent in 2010) and well above the 10 per cent stipulated by the apex regulator. The bank's CAR improved to 23.9 per cent by the close of third quarter of 2012.
The bank posted an impressive Q3 for 2012, assuring investors of significant cash dividends at the end of 2012 financial year unlike 2011. Profit-before-tax of N44.86 billion in Q3 represented a 376.2 per cent growth above N9.42 billion in the corresponding period of 2011.
Total assets stood at N2.162 trillion in Q3 of 2012. Total amount of deposits from customers was N1.674 trillion, an increase of 11.2 per cent from N1.505 trillion in the corresponding period of Q3, 2011.
Commenting on the Q3 results, Oduoza had said: "We continue to pursue our unique strategy of maintaining diversified business in terms of geography and earnings mix. In Nigeria, we recorded an impressive growth in deposits and still kept funding costs relatively low despite a spike in interest rates during the third quarter. There are increased contributions across key financial parameters in our pan-African business."
No doubt investors have reacted positively to the new structure as high demand pushed the stock price to a five month high last week. The stock rose by 29 per cent in five from N4.56 to N5.92 per share.
Still Work to be Done
However, considering the performance trend of the UBA in the past five years, the management needs to work harder to improve in some of its areas especially now that it has to a focus only on banking business.
According to analysts, there was need to grow the gross earning back to the 2009 levels when it recorded N220 billion.Net operating income also needs to be improved upon considering the fact it declined from N165.547 billion in 2009 to N113.996 billion in 2010 and N100.645 billion in 2012.
The commendable efforts in reducing operating expenses from N111 billion in 2009 to N82.4 billion should be maintained. The bank's management should work harder to ensure the operating expenses are brought down below N82.97 billion recorded in 2011.
Realising the fact that the cheapest deposits are savings deposits, UBA should endeavour to work towards getting more savings deposits. In 2011 for instance, out of the N1.445 trillion deposit liabilities, savings deposits accounted for 17 per cent, while current deposits accounted for 44.5 per cent.
It is believe that only few of the 18 subsidiaries of the bank are currently making profits, it is pertinent for the bank to make that other branches begin to turn in profits and those considered not viable should be shut down so that the resources could be channeled towards profitable businesses.


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Probably the best item on the market for a chilly fall or blustery cold winter day. Nothing worse than having a freezing cold neck. Not to worry...we've got you covered! Helmut Lang's luxury cashmere snoods are the perfect accessory to keep you warm and compliment a crew-neck sweater. Just put the snood over your head and it will fall into a natural slouchy shape while keeping … [Read more...]
Shop Yummy Pastel Love Quotes on A Few Goody Gumdrops
Love Quotes Scarves continue to be one of our favorite spring-fashion accessories. They've became an outfit "staple" synonymous with "wrap, knot, twist, drape and toss". They're made of Italian Linen/Viscose and feature 4 inch hand knotted tassels. Love Quotes scarves are easy to wear, comfortable and always look great. There are so many fun ways to drape a scarf and look … [Read more...]
Drape, Wrap, Twist and Go!
Love Quotes Scarves continue to be one of our favorite pop-of-color accessories. They're made of Italian Linen/Viscose and feature 4 inch hand knotted tassels. Love Quotes scarves are easy to wear, so comfortable and always look great. They've became an outfit "staple" synonymous with "wrap, knot, twist, drape and toss". They come in a variety of fabulous colors such as this … [Read more...]
McQueen's Floral Pieces Are Just Right For Spring
While I'm definitely not a floral-print person I love Alexander McQueen's latest floral pieces. Neither piece screams floral...maybe because the floral pattern is muted (to a degree) and the flowers aren't jumping off the pieces. Obviously, the scarf is a favorite of mine as it's predominately leopard with splashes of floral in just the right places and the clutch works so well … [Read more...]
Ready to Wear a Eugenia Kim Poodle, Fox or Kitty Scarf as the Temps Drop?
Many of us wear very simple wool or cashmere scarves and snoods during the cold winter months. We've found one scarf that is whimsical, comfy and warm! It's Eugenia Kim's looped bouclé knit poodle scarf. The Fifi Scarf...so affectionately named is made of wool and baby alpaca and drapes so perfectly. How many of you had poodles names Fifi??? The poodle scarf is so soft and cozy … [Read more...]
It's A Wrap with ARIEL Handmade Scarves! Be Sure to Read This Fabulous Interview
We're so excited to share our interview with Ariel from ARIEL Handmade Scarves and Wraps. Her pieces are stunning with so much attention to design and detail. They're perfect for adding that extra stylish twist to any outfit. You'll be totally on trend! Be sure to click on Ariel's website and have a peek at her latest styles! 1.When did you launch ARIEL Handmade Scarves and … [Read more...]
A Few Of Our Favoritie Stocking Stuffers or Winter Essentials!
Now that winter is almost here, we've selected some fashionable goodies (or stocking stuffers) for you. Winter accessories are a must-have especially if you live in a cold wintry place.These accessories combine warmth, comfort and sophistication. Our top fashionably stylish picks are: Ray Ban's Wayfarer Folding Sunglasses, Eugenia Kim's Lula Turban, a Fur-Pull Through Scarf and … [Read more...]
Andrea is the Winner of the Alexander McQueen Skull Scarf Giveaway!
Andrea from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania is the lucky winner of the Alexander McQueen GIVEAWAY from Forward by elyse walker and AFGG! We know Andrea will love wearing McQueen's iconic scarf. It's the perfect combination of edgy and cool.This fabulous scarf will make any outfit complete. AFGG wishes to thank Forward by elyse walker for sponsoring this amazing giveaway. We hope … [Read more...]
Spice Up Your Spring Wardrobe With This D&G Animal Print Scarf
What better way to accent your spring wardrobe than with Dolce & Gabanna's Animal-print modal and cashmere-blend scarf? This gorgeous pale turquoise shade would look fabulous against your black, turquoise or neutral pieces and it's such a fun color for spring and summmer. Scarves make any outfit complete and are a great tummy hider, too! Just wrap, twist or drape and you're … [Read more...]
Christopher Kane's Rainbow Scarf Will Add Pop to Your Day!
Christopher Kane's Lace Print scarf is just "bright" for Spring and Summer. If you're like us and you wear scarves all this time ...this is a perfect choice. We all know that bold colors are very in for this upcoming season. All the colors work so well together. Let's say you're wearing all white or white pants and an orange top...this scarf will look great. Let's say you are … [Read more...]

subset: commoncrawl


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Diabetes may have taken Paul Perez's life late last month, but his legacy lives on in the hearts and lives of Coon Rapids' young athletes....Read More
Paul Perez was more than a lifelong member of the athletic community in Coon Rapids. Perez, 59, was heavily involved in the Coon Rapids Athletic Association and Coon Rapids National Little League as coach, official and administrator for more than four decades. He died as a result of diabetes com...Read More
Coon Rapids Athletic Association, CRAA's under-15 Fastpitch softball team, the Hurricanes definitely left a path of destruction this season, the fifth summer together for most of the roster....Read More
Coon Rapids Athletic Association (CRAA) hosted its end of the season softball tournament at Sand Creek Sports Complex June 29-30....Read More
Coon Rapids Athletic Association is accepting registration for girls' in grades 1-12 for its upcoming slow pitch softball season....Read More
Coon Rapids Athletic Association hosted the annual Coon Rapids City Wrestling Championships at Coon Rapids High School Fieldhouse Nov. 15....Read More
Two new scoreboards at Sand Creek Park have been donated to the city of Coon Rapids....Read More
Ted Schmolke, president of the Coon Rapids Athletic Association (CRAA), has a vision to construct a multi-use facility adjacent to the Coon Rapids Ice Center....Read More


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BEIRUT: An EU-funded project to improve conditions in women's prisons was launched Tuesday by head of the EU delegation to Lebanon, ambassador Angelina Eichhorst and Gen. Joseph Douaihy, Commander of the Gendarmerie, at Baabda Prison. The 30-month program has been dubbed "Promoting Human Rights Policy and Practice in Lebanese Women's Prisons." It aims at improving the human rights of women detainees in four women's prisons – Baabda, Tripoli, Zahle and Barbar al-Khazen, Beirut – in cooperation with the prisons' authorities, through enhancing the legal and social support to detainees, encouraging them to report abuses and promoting regulatory improvements. It will be implemented by the NGO Diakonia, alongside Caritas, Dar al-Amal and Rassemblement Démocratique des Femmes. During the launch, Eicchorst said: "Prisons should contribute to rehabilitate inmates, to educate and reinsert them into society and to set them on the right path to rejoin society as productive and welcome members." She stressed the high rate of pretrial detention in Lebanese prisons, calling on authorities to do more to improve prison conditions and accelerate trials.
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Posted: June 10, 2013
Is your email inbox impossibly clogged due to spam or a constant stream of email newsletters you never subscribed to?
Well, with the recent migration of the webmail service Hotmail to Outlook.com, it should be easier to manage your inbox with the new Sweep feature.
In a recent commercial for Outlook.com, the system was shown to be helpful to a musician who wanted to maximize his shredding time. With a few clicks, he was able to delete a ton of unwanted emails and continue playing guitar.
Check out the spot below.
Tags: Email, gretsch, Outlook, Sweep
Posted In: Lifestyle | Leave a comment
Keep in touch with the latest Gretsch news, pictures and videos.
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View Past Blogs.


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Imam al-Kawthari
"There is no jurisprudence without juridical opinion" (lâ fiqh bidûn ra'î)." -Ra'î in this sense is a positive term for the quality of every jurisprudent and refers to perspicuity and complete insight. This is why you find Ibn Qutayba in al-Ma`arif mentioning the fuqahâ' under the heading, `The People of Juridical Opinion' (ashâb al-ra'î), counting among them al-Awza`i, Sufyan al-Thawri, and Malik ibn Anas. So does the hadith master Muhammad ibn al-Harith al-Khushani in his Qudat Qurtuba refer to Malik's companions as `The People of Juridical Opinion.' So does the hadith master Abu al-Walid ibn al-Faradi in his Tarikh `Ulama' al-Andalus. So does the hadith master Abu al-Walid al-Baji in his commentary on al-Malik's Muwatta'."3
– "What is found in the words of Ibrahim al-Nakha`i and those of his biographical layer to the effect that `the people of ra'î are the enemies of the Sunan'4 is in the sense of the ra'î that contradicts the Sunna that is transmitted concerning doctrine. They meant by it the Khawârij, the Qadariyya, the Mushabbiha, and similar innovators. They did not mean ra'î in the sense of scholarly exertion (ijtihâd) in the branches of the Law that concern legal rulings. To give this any other sense is to tamper with their wording. How can it be otherwise when al-Nakha`i himself and Ibn al-Musayyib himself are among those who express personal juridical opinion in the branches, in spite of those who cannot picture them doing so?" Ibn `Abd al-Barr mentioned the same explanation.5
* Hanin al-Mutafajji` wa Anin al-Mutawajji`, a poem on the horrors of the First World War.
* Al-Hawi fi Sira al-Imam Abi Ja`far al-Tahawi, a biography of one of the foremost authorities in the early Hanafi school in which he states:
The `Aqida Tahawiyya received several commentaries, among them that of Najm al-Din Abu Shuja` Bakbars al-Nasiri al-Baghdadi – one of Sharaf al-Din al-Dimyati's shaykhs -, that of Siraj al-Din `Umar ibn Ishaq al-Ghaznawi al-Misri, that of Mahmud ibn Ahmad ibn Mas`ud al-Qunawi, that of Sharh al-Sadr `Ali ibn Muhammad al-Adhra`i, and others. A commentary was published, authored by an unknown ["Ibn Abi al-`Izz"] spuriously affiliated with the Hanafi school, but whose handiwork proclaims his ignorance of this discipline and the fact that he is an anthropomorphist who has lost his compass.6
* Husn al-Taqadi fi Sira al-Imam Abi Yusuf al-Qadi, a biography of the second foremost Hanafi authority after Imam Abu Hanifa. Ibda' Wujuh al-Ta`addi fi Kamil Ibn `Adi ("Exposing the Different Sides of Enmity Found in Ibn `Adi's al-Kamil fi Du`afa' al-Rijal") in which al-Kawthari demonstrated the many flaws of the reports adduced by Ibn `Adi whereby Abu Hanifa was supposedly criticized by Sufyan al-Thawri, Malik, and Ibn Ma`in. Shaykh `Abd al-Fattah Abu Ghudda said in his annotations of al-Lacknawi's al-Raf` wa al-Takmil that al-Kawthari refuted Ibn `Adi's excesses against Abu Hanifa in three works: Ta'nib al-Khatib, al-Imta` bi Sirat al-Imamayn, and the unpublished Ibda`. Ibn `Adi shows enmity to Abu Hanifa as he reports nothing but criticism, relying entirely on weak and inauthentic reports. Al-Kawthari said in his introduction to Nasb al-Raya and in Fiqh Ahl al-`Iraq:
1″Among the defects of Ibn `Adi's Kamil is his relentless criticism of Abu Hanifa with reports that are all from the narration of Abba' ibn Ja`far al-Najirami, one of Ibn `Adi's shaykhs, and the latter tries to stick what al-Najirami has directly to Abu Hanifa, and this is injustice and enmity, as is the rest of his criticism. The way to expose such cases is through the chain of transmission."
* Al-Ifsah `an Hukm al-Ikrah fi al-Talaq wa al-Nikah ("The Eloquent Proclamation of the Ruling Concerning Forced Divorce or Marriage").
* Ihqaq al-Haqq bi Ibtal al-Batil fi Mughith al-Khalq, a refutation of Imam al-Haramayn's pamphlet entitled Mughith al-Khalq fi Tarjih al-Qawl al-Haqq proclaiming the superiority of the Shafi`i school to the Hanafi and Maliki schools. He followed it up with a tract titled Aqwam al-Masalik fi Bahth Riwayati Malik `an Abi Hanifa wa Riwayati Abi Hanifa `an Malik in which he cited narrations showing that Imam Malik had narrated from Imam Abu Hanifa and vice-versa – may Allah have mercy on both of them.
* Al-Imta` bi Sirat al-Imamayn al-Hasan ibn Ziyad (al-Lu'lu'i d. 204) wa Sahibihi Muhammad ibn Shuja` (al-Thalji d. 266), a biography of two great figures of the Hanafi school.
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Is there any Java library that provides an implementation (or several) of a Locality Preserving Hash Function for Strings?
Take the 2-minute tour ×
Stack Overflow is a question and answer site for professional and enthusiast programmers. It's 100% free, no registration required.
You probably can use HashcodeBuilder from Jakarta: http://commons.apache.org/lang/api-2.6/org/apache/commons/lang/builder/HashCodeBuilder.html
I hope this is what you mean.


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Accused of stealing from the cash register
My daughter was scheduled to work a 6 1/2 hour shift this afternoon. When she arrived at work, she was taken to a room where she was shown a tape of her standing at the cash register. My daughter was too upset to look at the tape, but they said she opened the drawer, appeared to be counting money, and then slipped her hand into her pocket. Their bottom line is that they have money missing, and they are accusing my daughter of taking it. While the tape may be incriminating, I know that if it was viewed frame by frame, it would show that no currency was removed from the till. They played the tape at regular speed.
They had this confrontation planned because they had someone else come in to cover her entire shift. My daughter was told to leave after they played the tape. Human resources will be talking with her over the phone Tuesday afternoon.
My daughter is an honor student, she strongly believes in, and worships God. We're financially stable, even in this rough economy, so she has no reason to steal. She's a junior in high school, and this was her first job. She had been working almost two months on a part time basis, at our local grocery store. She plans on going to college in New York after graduation in hopes of becoming a doctor. My daughter insists that she did not take the money, and I believe her. She said that there are other people that have access to the till. The night manager brings the till to the office to count the money. To the best of my daughter's knowledge, there is no camera in the office.
If she is fired from her job, do we have rights? I don't want this to be on her employment record because when she applies for another job in the future, I don't want potential employers to see their reason for firing her. Would it be in her best interest to hire a lawyer and clear this accusation?
Any information will be greatly appreciated, either from professional people, or from other people that may have experienced a situation like this. Thank you very much.
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Jim Brown signed Cleveland Browns Mini Helmet. Comes with a sticker COA from Gridiron Authentics.
Player - Jim Brown
National Football Hall of Fame - 1971
College - Syracuse
Pro Teams - Cleveland Browns 1957-65
Awards - 9x Pro Bowl Selection, 3x NFL MVP, 3x Pro Bowl MVP, Member of the NFL 75th Anniversary Team, Lacrosse Hall of Fame


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Brent Hardbass, PE
Calcium hypochlorite is generally the approved septic wastewater chlorine tablets. It is very important that you do not confuse isocyanurates with calcium hypochlorite. Isocyanurates are generally used for swimming pool chlorination, not wastewater disinfection. You should never use isocyanurates for sewage wastewater disinfection or septic tank chlorination.
We can break down wastewater treatment systems into two categories; high and low wastewater flow rates. A high flow system is normally a large residential wastewater treatment system or commercial wastewater treatment system. The high flow systems generally use a product similar to NORWECO's Bio-sanitizer disinfection tablets. The Bio-sanitizer tablets dissolve faster than the low flow chlorine tablets. Low flow systems require specially designed tablets, which are similar to the NORWECO Blue Crystal sanitizing tablets.
Low flow systems or systems that do not have flow equalization (FE) generally use of Blue Crystal type chlorine tablet. These tablets are specially design to work under these low flow conditions. The base material is still calcium hypochlorite, with a different tablet-bonding agent. If you are looking for low flow chlorination tablets, then we recommend NORWECO's Blue Crystal disinfection tablets.
Commercial wastewater treatment systems, generally, have higher flow rates. The calcium hypochlorite tablets used in this application are designed for these higher flows. Commercial systems can flow in excess of 300 gallons per minute flows. NORWECO produces a specially designed calcium hypochlorite tablet that is known as "bio-sanitizer disinfecting tablets." In both the high flow and low flow applications, the tablet size is the same (2 5/8 inch diameter, and 3/16 of an inch thick). Standard chlorine-tablet-feeder-tubes, generally 3 inches in diameter, readily accept this size of tablet. We recommend the NORWECO biodynamic tablet feeder LF series, as the best on the market.
Chlorine tablet handling precautions: Chlorine tablet vapors and the calcium hypochlorite tablets can be very toxic to your hands, face and lungs. In addition, these calcium hypochlorite tablets react quite violently with grease, oils and other petroleum products. In addition, dechlorination tablets and other types of chlorine can react quite violently with the calcium hypochlorite tablets.
Whenever you handle calcium hypochlorite tablets, you should use a protective face shield and rubber gloves. Be especially careful when you first open the tablet storage container. Large amounts of chlorine-based gases release when you first open the container. Never, breathe these gases in. The gases can damage your lungs, your face and other mucous membranes, such as your eyes. Handle calcium hypochlorite tablets caution.
How much chlorine should you expect to use?: A standard three bedroom 2-bath home should use about 12 chlorine tablets every four months. This assumes that a three bedroom two bath home has six persons living in it. A significantly higher tablet usage rate could indicate excessive wastewater flow, caused by a leaking faucet or toilet. Also, jerry-rigged and/or poorly designed chlorine tablet feeders could be the cause. First, check for water leaks, and then consider replacing your wastewater chlorine tablet feeder. For example, a jerry-rigged tablet feeder could be made with a 4 inch Tee with a vertical three-inch PVC tube. In this case, the chlorine tablets could be in constant contact with the wastewater. The tablets in it dissolve more quickly because the bottom tablet is partially submerged in the water. A good replacement consideration would be the NORWECO biodynamic LF series feeder.
The price you pay per chlorine tablet can vary greatly from vendor to vendor. Shopping online for your chlorine tablets is a very good option. For example, you can easily spend $100 or more, if you have a larger wastewater treatment system. If you can save 20% or more on the price that you pay per tablet, you can save thousands of dollars per year. It pays to shop for the best price.
In conclusion, calcium hypochlorite tablets should be the only type tablets you use in your wastewater treatment system. Make sure you take the proper precautions, if you maintain the system yourself. Use personal protective equipment at all times when handling the chlorine tablets. Make sure you store your chlorine tablets and clean, dry areas away from all petroleum products and other chlorine. Keep an eye on your chlorine tablet consumption. If you are using too much chlorine for the size of your wastewater treatment system, you should consider looking for water leaks in your system and/or replacing your wastewater tablet feeder with a NORWECO biodynamic LF series feeder or equivalent. Please feel free to leave a comment and tell us how you like this article.
Related articles
- Septic Wastewater Chlorine Tablet Precautions (wastewaterchlorinetablets.com)
My Creative Site design edit


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Hello SUP'ers! This is Vie from the SUP Guide & Adventure Store in St Petersburg, FL. I would like to talk to you about one of my most favorite boards, the BOGA Deep 8.
According to BOGA, the BOGA Deep 8 is designed specifically for stand up paddle surfing. Having said that, this blog has nothing to do with surfing but has everything to do with flat water paddling — we have very little "surf" on the west coast of Florida. :-)
Those of you who know me, know that I am 5'1″ weighing in at 108 lbs which makes it very difficult for me to carry, tie down and maneuver a board 10'6″ or longer.
I have paddled numerous boards that range from 8'6″ to 14′. I have found that around 10'6″ is where a board starts becoming less fun for me to paddle, as it looses its responsiveness.What I love about the BOGA Deep 8 is that I always feel the board under my feet, if I relax too much I get reminded of that (I fall in :-) ). And yes, I can even practice yoga on this board. With a 10'6″ board, I can become lazy, loose focus and still be paddling. I don't like that, it's boring.
Keep in mind, that this is not a "never-paddled before, let's go paddle" type of board. If you are already an experienced paddler, under 136 lbs looking for a new challenge, this is your board.
If you are a new paddler, under 136 lbs you should hire a good SUP Instructor to get you on this board. We have found, it takes less than 2 hrs for a new person to start enjoying the BOGA Deep 8.
Some of the main specs of this board:
- 8'6″ x 28.25″ x 4″ (small package)
- Weight — 16 lbs (love it!!)
- Volume — 105 liters (supports up to 136 lbs of experienced paddler on flat water, can take a bigger paddler in surf)
- 1.5 lbs of EPS Vacuum Bagged Bamboo; Epoxy Construction
- Maintenance free vent
- GoPro Camera mount — cool feature! Get your GoPro camera here: GoPro Camera
- Thruster set up for fins (Quad includes quad FUTURE boxes) — Overkill for flat water paddling, great for surf
The SUP Guide & Adventure Store's primary goal is to introduce and educate people on how to get on the water and stand up paddle safely. We are primarily a SUP GUIDE and outfitter location. We paddle almost every day, we have no sales pitch, only great advice on paddling! We pour our time and energy into the water and stand up paddling. For us, this is a lot more than a business, it is a lifestyle. So, please check out our store on Madeira Beach or our online inventory at http://pinterest.com/supguidestore
YES Body-Weight Training Studio
1010 Central Ave #102, St Petersburg, FL
The SUP Guide & Adventure Store
15002 Madeira Way, Madeira Beach, FL
(727) 466-7994
Om Shreem Hreem Kleem Shreem Lakshmi Ragachchha Gachchh Mam Mandire Tishth Tishth Swaha


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By Emily J Weitz
Muse has been a cornerstone of the Water Mill Commons for five years, priding itself on high quality American fusion cuisine and a connection to the year-round community. But Matt Guiffrida, owner and chef at Muse, is thrilled to be making the move to Sag Harbor. For him, it's a long time coming.
"Since I moved out here I've always loved Sag Harbor," he said this week. "I've always wanted to be on Main Street, and when this space became available, we jumped on it and did whatever we could to make it happen."
The space he speaks of is the stucco building at the foot of Main Street. The one, like many Hamptons' spots, that seemingly turns into another restaurant every year — despite its spacious interior, high ceilings and the commanding bar area. But Guiffrida remains confident that Muse will not suffer the same fate.
"There's nothing wrong with the location," he says. "It's one of the best locations out here. It just takes someone to go in there that is the chef and the owner who's running it the way they want it to be run. That's the key."
The move has the potential to expand the business Muse does many-fold.
"The space is three times the size of where we are now," says Guiffrida. "We'll be able to do more covers, which is great. We'll have more walk-by traffic, so we're going to expand our menu to include more pastas and seafood. We'll be open for brunch, and for breakfast in the summertime. We'll do our prix-fixe in the off-season for locals. We'll fit right in in our little niche."
The other key to succeeding where recent predecessors failed, he claims, is that other ventures came in from the outside thinking they'd make money on the deal, but they didn't understand the culture of the East End, including the year-round community. They weren't invested in the area, beyond the financial.
"I am consolidating my life around this town," he says. "My girlfriend and I are planning on moving to Main Street. We'll walk right there from our house. We'll live in that restaurant. I'm not coming from another place to do this."
And even though Guiffrida is planning to spend all his time in the restaurant, cooking, schmoozing, and just making it work, it sounds like there is nowhere he'd rather be.
"I've always come to Sag Harbor because it's a tight knit community," he says. "The vibe is different than anywhere else. It's more relaxed, everyone seems to be in a better mood, the water is right there. You can eat, get a cup of coffee, go to the water, sit at the pier, eat high end, eat a burger… it's the only place where that's the case."
Of the other restaurants in Sag Harbor, Guiffrida only expresses excitement to join them.
"It's great to have the sushi and the high end, and then Paradise and LT Burger," he said. "We are casual fine dining, serving new American cuisine, French Italian, Caribbean, a big diverse mix. It will fit in just great."
Even though the name on the sign has changed many times, the general ambience of the place has remained the same. And Guiffrida doesn't plan to fix what isn't broken. He'll make a few improvements, of course.
"We're opening it up even more," he says. "The half wall to the bar is gone, we got some new chairs, new floors, we're renovating the bathrooms and painting to give it a fresh look. But we're keeping it open with those beautiful French doors."
And then, there's Guiffrida's signature attraction. For anyone who's been to Muse in Water Mill, you can't forget the fish tank bar, where you can sip your martini and watch tropical fish swimming beneath your hands. He won't bring that with him. It will be put up for sale, and if no one wants it he'll return the fish to the seller. But in the middle of the new space, "We'll put in an 8-foot long, 4-foot high fish tank filled with coral and tropical fish. You'll be able to see it from Main Street."
So, what's the deal with the "fish thing"?
"I've always loved tropical fish," he says. "I wanted to incorporate that into my restaurants. It creates an inviting feel for families, and it's easy for first dates."
When he realized the new bar would be too big to turn into a fish tank, Guiffrida decided to just create a feature in the middle of the restaurant.
"I had to have it because otherwise I'd miss it too much," he said.
These days, Guiffrida is already in the space, spending all his time getting it up and running. They're hoping to be serving passed hors deouvres and drinks for Harborfrost. They plan to be officially open by March 1 — and not leaving any time soon.
"I have an 11 year lease," says Guiffrida. "I'm not going anywhere."


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Back in October, I noted that many Johnson City residents mistakenly ignore county elections. I recalled asking a friend a few years before how she planned to vote in a county wheel tax referendum.
"Oh, I can't vote," she told me. "I live in Johnson City."
I explained to her it was a county-wide referendum and she, too, was a citizen of Washington County and as such was quite eligible to vote on the issue. That's also true of elections for courthouse offices.
If you are an uninterested Johnson City resident and you've missed it, I'd like to point out that early voting has begun for the May 6 Republican Primary for a number of contested offices in Washington County. And yes, registered voters in Johnson City are eligible to participate in this election.
As I pointed out in a column last week, this election is where many county races actually will be decided. If there are no Democratic or independent candidates qualified to run for these offices on the Aug. 7 county general ballot, then the outcome of these races is determined in the GOP Primary.
That's the case with the May 6 primary for Washington County mayor and sheriff. The Republican nominee in both these races will have no opponent on the August ballot.
So what's at stake for Johnson City residents in the county election? A lot. That's why city residents should be taking note of how and where their county property tax dollars are being spent. (Remember, you are paying a county rate of $1.91 per every $100 of assessed value.) City residents should also be paying close attention to the elected officials who are in charge of managing those tax dollars.
A question I've heard quite frequently over the years from Johnson City residents has been: What do I get from my tax dollars? Again, quite a lot. While the sheriff doesn't answer routine law enforcement calls in the city, the sheriff is responsible for operating the jail. And that's quite a big operation. The sheriff's office also serves criminal and civil warrants and other court papers inside the city.
Johnson City schools receive a sizeable portion of your county taxes, with 39 percent of the city system's debt service covered by those dollars. County tax dollars account for half the annual funding for animal control and Emergency 911 operations. The county pays 94 percent of the cost to operate the Health Department and 72 percent of the annual budget for Washington County/Johnson City Emergency Medical Services.
Your county tax dollars fund the county's Sessions Court operations. And you, my dear city resident, also fund a number of other important courthouse offices with your tax dollars. They include the county clerk's office (where you get your tags and marriage licenses), the register of deeds office (where property deeds and property transfers are kept) and the trustee's office (where you get your county tax bills).
Knowing all that, it's a mystery to me why so many Johnson City residents decline to vote in county elections. It's your county, too, Johnson City resident. It's time to get involved. Early voting for the May 6 primary ends May 1.
Robert Houk is Opinion page editor for the Johnson City Press. He can be reached at email@example.com.


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stay safe God Bless you Thanks for your faithful service in LE He is a honorable man He lives his life in service and wisdom A American hero working day to day to make our lives safer holds to his values LIFELONG WARRIOR Big Stick equals little argueing with punksTo the man who carries a Big StickHoo Rah unwavierng loyal Honorable committed DEDICATED WARRIOR One of the best friends a man could haveHonor courageHooRah truth Thanks for your dedicated service fellow vet
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Presidential candidate Gary Johnson: Republican or Libertarian?
Janelle Irwin
WMNF Drive-Time News Tuesday | Listen to this entire show:
Another political party is trying to recruit Republican presidential long-shot Gary Johnson. Last night in Clearwater, the Florida Libertarian Party introduced the man they hope will switch parties based on his belief in limited government and massive spending cuts. All in all, Johnsonâs promise to submit a balanced budget to Congress by 2013 would include federal spending cuts to the tune of 43 percent and include a proposal for a Fair Tax.
âItâs been a proposal thatâs been around since 2007. And I think it is as the name implies, itâs fair. It does away with the income tax, it does away with business tax, corporate tax, it does away with the IRS, it does away with withholdings and replaces it with a 23% consumption tax that ends up to be cost neutral because currently goods and services contain a 23% tax that when you make the tax completely transparent as opposed to hidden, if you will, the hidden tax goes away. Now youâre talking about a product that when you add the 23% tax will end up costing the same as what weâre paying today.â
Johnson calls himself fiscally conservative but socially liberal. He opposes the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and supports a womenâs right to choose; a key difference between him and his opponents who tout their pro-life voting records. And Johnson wants to see marijuana legalized; another point of contention with many Republicans. And if those issues werenât enough to break his ties with the GOP, heâs also willing to work with undocumented people instead of just giving them the boot.
âWhen it comes to immigration, make it as easy as possible for somebody that wants to come into this country and work to get a Work Visa. Not a green card, not citizenship, but just a Work Visa because we donât â we want to have a background check because we donât want criminals in this country working. And then when it comes to the 11 million illegal immigrants we have in this country, letâs set up a grace period where we can document those that are here.â
Johnson said it is one of the key differences he has with the Republican candidates, even Ron Paul. He said they all want to build fences and boost border patrol. Thomas Frederiksen isnât affiliated with either the Libertarian or Republican Parties, but he was impressed with Johnsonâs willingness to welcome immigrants into the American workforce.
âI was very moved by his position on immigration because in this climate, nobody else is talking about liberalization at all. Theyâre all, as he said in his presentation, talking about electrifying the fence and so forth. That is particularly pertinent to me because I actually lived in Thailand for 6 years, so I know what itâs like to try to be an immigrant and live in a foreign country and the legal hoops that you have to jump through and so forth.â
But not everyone was convinced of Johnsonâs ability to be president. Fred Brownbill of the Save America Foundation is a Libertarian. He dissents from his party on one issue and that is whether or not the US should consider Iran as a nuclear threat. He didnât think Johnson addressed that issue thoroughly.
âI believe they are a major threat to this country. I think they are a major threat to the world. I donât believe his analogy that Israel could simultaneously take out the number of targets that are needed to be taken out without American help. I know under this administration, I doubt that help would come. Iâm not sure whether it would come under a Gary Johnson administration either.â
All Johnson could do was take a neutral, wait and see stance.
âWell, and so we should be vigilant. We have the military surveillance capability to see that happen if it does and we shouldnât rule out any options if that, in fact, is something that happens. And I think it would be naïve of us to think that Israel is not going to address that issue first and in our best interest.â
And Matt Leffler, a Libertarian with We Are Change Tampa, said he liked Johnson. But he still favors Ron Paul.
âI mean, one of the questions I asked him was would you â cause Ron Paul said that heâs going to cut his salary to $50,000 which is the median average income from 400, I think it was like 4 million or 400 million, 400,000 right â so that was a question that was posed. And his answer was his answer, so.â
Johnson has not formally jumped ship on the GOP race, but said he is seriously considering running on the Libertarian ticket. Johnson was Governor of New Mexico until 2003 after serving two terms. He said he realizes his chances of success are diminishing, but he doesnât plan to give up on sending a message to voters.
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text:
Applefeller is a quirky fellow whose desserts lose because they turn into things like trampolines and knee pads at the last moment. Add in an apple-souffle balloon journey, a clever janitor, and the self-proclaimed King of Dessert to find yourself on a wild ride to the reward of the Silver Spoon. Throughout the ebook, there are links that take the reader to videofeeds that complement the story with an original musical score. These fun songs are catchy and really enhance the experience of the book. Technology continues to amaze me. I remember how excited my family was to get a beta vhs player! Dan Elish, author of this book, knows how to create an adventure that will thrill young readers. This is a very well done glimpse into the future of how we will experience authors' creations. I loved this story and the creativity behind it all. You can purchase this ebook by clicking on the image below!
Disclosure: I received this product at no charge in exchange for my honest review.


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Promo for 'Nancy Reagan: Role of a Lifetime'Tags:
Nancy Reagan | The Role of a Lifetime | PBS
Loving spouse, close confidant and savvy political observer, Nancy Reagan was a powerful force behind Ronald Reagan's... 00:31
Nancy Reagan | Living the Movie Star Life | PBS
Nancy Reagan tells Judy Woodruff about her life in Hollywood. 07:50
Nancy Reagan: The Role of a Lifetime | Full...
Full Program: This very traditional First Lady was one of the most influential in history. 56:40
Nancy Reagan | Interview: Allida Black | PBS
Extended interview with Allida Black 01:23
Nancy Reagan | Interview: Ron Reagan | PBS
Extended interview with Ron Reagan 01:40
Nancy Reagan | The Early Years | PBS
Nancy Reagan tells Judy Woodruff about her early life. 09:21
Abraham and Mary Lincoln, A House Divided |... (#101)
This episode tells the story of the Abraham and Mary Todd Lincoln's childhoods and their courtship. 00:31
Betty Ford: The Real Deal | Full Program | PBS
Full Program: A pioneering first lady whose public battles with cancer and addiction changed the lives of millions. 56:30
American Experience | Alexander Hamilton's Widow... (#1913)
Elizabeth Hamilton, who outlived her husband by five decades, defends his reputation. 02:05
American Experience | Prospects of Mankind with... (#1201)
"Prospects of Mankind with Eleanor Roosevelt" first aired on WGBH in October, 1959. 16:20
American Experience | Abraham and Mary Lincoln,... (#105)
As 1863 begins, the Civil War consumes the nation and criticism of Abraham Lincoln increases, while Mary Lincoln... 00:31
Abraham and Mary Lincoln | Interview with...
A behind the scenes interview with cinematographer James Callanan. 07:32
American Experience: Dolley Madison | Trailer... (#2204)
Dolley Madison lived through the two wars that established the U.S., was friends with the first 12 Presidents, and... 00:31
NEED TO KNOW | 'A boxer in a corner': Eugene... (#139)
The director discusses his latest film. 09:21
American Experience | Reagan Preview | PBS (#1006)
In 1988, after two terms in office, Ronald Reagan left the White House one of the most popular presidents of the... 00:30
American Experience | The Presidents: Reagan | PBS (#1006)
Full Program: In 1988, after two terms in office, Ronald Reagan left the White House one of the most popular presidents of the... 04:10:37
National Geographic's Inside The White House | PBS
Full Program: A revealing look inside the most famous house in America. 01:26:58
POV | Preview - The Beaches of Agnes | PBS (#2303)
A memoir that employs the magic of cinema 02:26
American Experience | Behind the Scenes With the... (#2204)
Learn more about the detailed process of creating the costumes for the film. 07:03
- Watch more video from this program
Post Date: January 7, 2011


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African expectations were high for the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, the biggest UN summit ever. The conference, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in June, was "too important to fail," said UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon at the outset.
Under the theme of "The Future We Want," many of the 100 heads of state and more than 40,000 participants demanded ambitious and measurable outcomes to address sustainability issues such as the "green economy," climate change and so on. Yet when it was over, the "Rio+20" summit, as it was commonly called, left a heated debate over whether those goals had been met.
For African delegates, the general view was that while the continent did not come away with a basketful of goodies, it also did not leave with empty hands. Izabella Teixeira, Brazil's environment minister, noted that not everyone was going to be happy with the result. Negotiating with 193 nations to agree on consensus outcomes would inevitably be a grinding task, she said. Some arguments will prevail, some will not.
Africa's preparations for Rio+20 began with a meeting of its environment ministers in Ethiopia in October 2011. There they hammered out a detailed consensus statement that was later adopted by the African Union. Africa anchored its case on two broad principles: that the continent is making serious efforts towards sustainable development and that the world should recognize and support those efforts.
African position
The 14-page statement presented many positions, including a call for a stronger, independent and well financed UN Environment Programme (UNEP), which is based in Nairobi, Kenya. UNEP should have "secure, stable, additional and predictable financing to fulfil its mandate," argued the African statement. Even though the Rio outcome document gave few specifics on strengthening UNEP, delegates nevertheless agreed that the programme needs bolstering.
Africa also asked developed countries to allocate 0.7 per cent of their gross national product (GNP) as aid to developing countries and canvassed for "equitable, durable and development-oriented solutions to debt problems."
At the summit, the coordinator of African negotiators, Macharia Kamau of Kenya, said that "the ability of African countries to implement agreements on sustainable development is only possible if they are empowered with the resources and means to undertake development that will protect biodiversity and not lead to climate change." There was no concrete commitment on this, although further talks are planned in the future.
Refocused attention
South African President Jacob Zuma, who was very active in Rio, said that the "outcomes have refocused the attention of the world leaders to the daunting challenges of addressing global poverty, inequality and the deteriorating state of the environment."
Sunita Narain, an Indian environmentalist, went as far as to call the Rio outcome document a "victory for the developing world ... because it reiterates the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities." That terminology relates to a shared vision for combating climate change based upon each country's social and economic capacities.
Ms. Narain also noted that the summit "did not dismantle the framework of justice and equity in global negotiations." She thus alluded to the successful effort by developing countries, especially India, China and those in Africa, to push back a proposal by the rich countries to set targets and timetables towards a "green economy." Such targets, developing countries feared, could have led to trade restrictions or other sanctions if they did not move quickly enough. Instead, the outcome document states that each country will move at its own pace.
African negotiators, especially from South Africa, wanted specific commitments on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which are expected to replace the Millennium Development Goals after their expiration in 2015. The delegates agreed to constitute by next year a 30-member working group under the UN General Assembly to report on such global SDGs. In addition, there will be an intergovernmental process, supervised by the General Assembly, that by 2014 will recommend ways to finance a sustainability strategy.
"The formulation of the SDGs, and their interface with the post-2015 development agenda, will be one of the most important follow-up actions initiated by the Rio+20 summit," argues Martin Khor, executive director of the South Centre, a Switzerland-based organization of developing country governments. "At least the world has agreed to continue to promote sustainable development," adds Manish Bapna, acting president of the World Resources Institute, a US-based environmental think tank.
Business and civil society
In contrast to the gradual approach seemingly favoured by governments, it appears that businesses, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), civil society groups, universities and others are revving up momentum. The UN reports that, together with governments, such groups made about 700 voluntary commitments during the summit, totalling more than $500 billion. Of that amount, $50 billion will be used for an initiative by the UN Secretary-General to achieve universal access to sustainable energy by 2030.
Bindu Lohani, vice-president of the Asian Development Bank, reminded delegates that eight development banks will invest $175 billion in sustainable transport in developing countries.
José María Figueres, former president of Costa Rica, said, "Those who have failed you, Mr. Sha, are the governments, not the CEOs, not the NGOs." He was referring to Sha Zukang, who headed the conference secretariat and is UN under-secretary-general for economic and social affairs.
A recent survey of 3,000 business leaders by the MIT Sloan Management Review and the Boston Consulting Group found that 70 per cent are incorporating sustainability into their business strategy. The survey reported that many companies in Africa plan to increase their sustainability commitments. And more organizations are cutting greenhouse gas emissions and protecting biodiversity.
Summit participants also pledged to plant 100 million trees by 2017, empower 5,000 women entrepreneurs in green economy businesses in Africa and annually recycle 800,000 tonnes of polyvinyl chloride, a commonly used plastic.
Hard to measure
While some African leaders remain hopeful, the Africa Progress Panel, a group of eminent individuals headed by former UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan, believes that the conference commitments were too vague: "The lack of commitment to defined and measurable sustainable development goals at the Rio+20 summit is a profoundly disturbing outcome. We have an obligation to the world's poorest and most vulnerable people, who bear the brunt of the global ecological crisis."
Others believe the conference did not adequately reflect a number of positive developments around the world. "Just look at Germany's shift to clean energy," notes Mr. Bapna, "Niger's efforts to re-green its landscape or Rio's just-launched bus rapid transit system."
There is no doubt that the conference did not meet everyone's expectations. Yet many elements in the outcome document satisfied some African delegates. The next challenge is for world leaders, businesses and NGOs to come through on their promises. "The speeches are over. Now the work begins," said Mr. Ban. "Rio+20 has affirmed fundamental principles - renewed essential commitments - and given us new direction."


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Winter!: Prepare for holiday gaming!
Presentation: 8.5/10
Very simple and easy to use controls and menus, pretty rare these days but the game does not suffer from any visual and presentation glitches and it can only improve with a sequel.
Graphics: 8/10
Player models and visual sprites lack detail, however, the environments and photo-realistic backgrounds, water etc. make up for this, in fact they are actually stunning.
Sound: 7.5/10
This is possibly the most disappointing feature. For a game of it's nature the sound should be the most important factor to help progress into gameplay.
Gameplay: 9/10
Outstanding gameplay overall. The multiplayer co-op never gets tiring and the open-world is simply amazing.
Lasting Appeal: 9.5/10
Singleplayer, Multiplayer and Co-op modes are all incorporated into a game which will take you hours/days/weeks/months to complete.
Overall: 9/10
THE best game involving Zombies on the market.
Game Traits applied to Dead Island (X360) by chamot07
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text:
Koukash: 'I'm no Sugar Daddy'
Income was the watchword as Dr Marwan Koukash revealed his intentions for Salford in an in-depth press conference last night.
The first public appearance in front of the rubgy league press yielded a few clues to the background of this Kuwait-born millionaire.
Due to problems with spam only SalfordOnline members can now leave comments. Becoming a member of SalfordOnline only takes a minute, just hit the red Join Us button at the top right hand side of the page to create your Personal account.
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The Campaign for Willamette Surpasses $125 Million Goal
The Campaign for Willamette has been a seven-year effort shaped by more than 15,000 donors. And, as of February, we're over the top.
The campaign's total continues to rise, standing currently at $125.1 million. The forces of the economy and the needs of the University dictate that we won't stop there, either: Student scholarships in particular remain a high priority for further fundraising. But the remarkable contributions of Willamette's alumni and friends provide a heartening glimpse of the collective commitment that we all enjoy.
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Oct. 27,1925. 1,559,119
' E. N. MILLER MATTRESS RETAINER 7 Filed April 5, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 54/2/4557 MMLLER,
Oct- 27., 1925.- V
E. N. MILLER MATTRESS RETAINER Filed April 5, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Get. 27, 1925.
UNITED .s
'rA'TEs P TENTLO 1,559,119 F F 1 E? ELI'ZABETHN. MILLER, or Los ANGELEsQcaLIronNI AssIeNoR oFoNE-IIALF TO BENJAMIN r. SCHMIDT, or Los'Alventnsgcamronnm;' i. 1
ivmtr'rnnss- RETAINER.
App1ication filed April 3, 1922. Serial N0.' 548,944.j
Z 0 allwhom it may concern Be known that I, ELIZABETH N. MILLER,-
a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Mattress Retainer, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relatesv to mattress retainers for holding mattresses centrally upon the spring structures of beds.
It is the'princip'al object of my invention to provide a mattress retainer which will hold the mattress securely upon the bed spring, but which will permit the edges of the mattress to be lifted to tuck under the overlapping edges of the bed-clothes.
It is also an object of my invention to provide a mattress retainer which will permit the mattress to be conveniently reversed.
Other objects and advantages will be made cured to the side bars of the spring frame 7 In Fig. 1 of the drawing I show a mat tress 11 supported upon a bed spring 12 and maintained centrally thereupon 'by a' mat tress retainer 18. From centrally located attachment means 14 which are suitably secured to the underside of the mattress 11 there. extend pairs of straps 15 ending in hooked devices 17 which are adapted to hook over the side bars 18 of the spring frame. It is desirable to employ a number of mattress retainers 13 along "the underside of the mattress as shown in 2. lVith the use ofmy invention it is possible to lift' the edges of the mattress as shown at 20 in Fig. 1 so that the bedclothes may be readily tucked thereunder, .as is the common practice in making up beds, to keep the bed clothing from, hanging down along the sides of the bed and to prevent their dragging upon the floor.
My invention consists essentially in the de velopment of-theidea of attaching the under side of' a mattress to the supporting bed structure at points sufiiciently within the the edges of the mattress to allow these edges to be lifted for the purpose hereinbefore mentioned. I prefer to accomplish theattainment of the objects of my invention by securing to the mattress along its longitudinal center a number of the attachment devices 14 which are preferably small rectangular canvas tabs 25 having strap holes 26 provided therein, as illustrated in Fig. 3. These tabs 25 are secured both upon the underside of the mattress 11 and upon the top thereof as indicated at 30 by stitching along the side edges 27 of the tabs as indicated at 28. The straps 15 are each provided with a metal loop 31, and they are quickly attached to the tabs 25 by passing the free end of the strap through one of the holes 26 in the tab to which the strap is being attached and running the strap through the loop 31 placed upon the end thereof, as shown at 35 in Fig. 3.
After the mattress is placed upon the spring 12 with the retainers 13 faced downwardly, the free ends 37 of the straps 15 are secured to the side bars 18 by the use of some simple securing device, such as the hooked member 17, which is provided with slots 40 through which the strap is passed and thereby retained as shown in Fig. 1.v
When it is desired to turn the mattress 11,the straps 15 are removed from the tabs upon what has previously constituted the underside of the mattress and are attached to the tabs indicated at 30 which are at tachedto what will be the underside when the mattress is turned over.
A very simple arrangement whereby my invention may be practised is shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7. Loops 45, formed by suitably folding a strap 46, as shown in Fig. 7,
are stitched to the edge strips 48 of the met;
tress 49. A cord 50 is tied to each of the loops l5, this cord in each instance being passed across the underside of the mattress and secured to the side bar 52 below the side of the mattress opposite to the side at which the cord is tied thereto; This arrangement of the loops and cords permits the full Width of the mattress to be raised, as shown in'Fig. 5, and provides a mattress retaining means Which may be economically produced and easily attached to the mattress.
I claim as m invention: Q In combination: a bed structure; a mattress supported by said bed structure; straps connected at one end to one side edge of said mattress and at their other end to the opposite side of said bed structure, and other straps connected at one end" to the other side edge'of said mattress and at their other end to the other side of said bed structure, whereby either side edge of the mattress may be raised above said bed structure.
In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, California; this 29th day of March, 1922.
Citada por
Imagen original


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The Laysan Albatross's breeding colony on Midway Atoll is threatened by toxic lead paint peeling from dozens of aging buildings that is eaten by curious chicks, and by the invasive plant Verbesina that chokes out nests so that parent birds cannot reach their young to feed them. ABC is working to eliminate both these threats, and has also helped significantly reduce the deaths of Laysan and other albatrosses on longline fishing hooks.
Click Here to Learn More and Support
ABC's Efforts
to Save this Bird


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What do you do when you've lost hope in life?
What do you do when you feel alone in this world, like no one understands you. And you feel like giving up? Like, you've lost hope, in life. And... Show More
Most Helpful Opinion
I'm only 17 years old, I lost my father due to a heart attack 2 years ago. My grandfather attempted suicide when I was about 11 or 12. But despite this I have moved on. After my father past away I was fine for about the first month, and then it all hit me. I started to feel like you, almost like I had no reason to move on, and nothing to look forward to. But then I stepped back.
I still had what I was passionate about. Horseback riding.
I still had my closest friends.
And I still had a whole future to look forward to. Your under 30, so trust me, you've still got a lot of time ahead of you. Set goals for yourself, travel, go to a bar every now and then and try to meet new people. What do YOU want to do? Take a step out of your life and try to re create yourself, into the person that YOU want to be. Change your hair, get a new wardrobe. And most of all, meet new people and find a hobby you are passionate about. Things will get better, you just need to keep on going. Life is too short to be anything but happy. Seize the day. Carpe diem. Yeah, all those cliches are actually pretty damn true. Hope things start looking up.
And about counselors, no. Your really the only person that can help yourself =] =] and you will in time. As of now, I'm pretty happy. Honestly, its my horses that have kept me going. good luck with everything
Thank you. Its quite embarassing to be told by a 17 yr, but everything you said is true, and it gave me some kind of hope that I could do this. Thank you
Haha nah, it shouldn't be embarassing. I guess I just have a different outlook on things, that I hope can help you in some way
What Guys Said 5
Everyone has people that care about them, just think about it and you'll see, but don't over analyze. When I'm depressed I always over analyze everything and come to the conclusion that no one cares. don't do that its not true.
If all else fails, you have a ray of hope in the fact that almost nothing is forever, and luckily felling alone/depression has to follow that rule too. It will go away, just believe that. Besides, sometimes when you're down you have no where to go but up.
you'll be alright
I relate to this very well and feel like this often. What I do is look at myself in the mirror and say: "This is the only life I've got and I'm totally worth it and I'm going to do something about it, and live out my life and dreams no matter who or what comes in my way, afterall I'm the only one who would make the final choices and movements in my life" and then go out and make it happen. Being productive and making your own life work is the most satisfying thing there can be. Choose to be happy, no matter what, it doesn't come on it's own.
Let me tell you what I do. I say F** you guys! I'm going to do my own thing!
I will first get out of the emo I hate my life stage.
I would do this by doing things you enjoy, go have a few beers, go skiing, do whatever you like to do! Also maybe have some kick ass tunes while doing your favorite things.
You still have relatives right? they are always there for you. So spend some time with them!
After I get out of the emo mood, (sry emo people I mean no offense) I start being optimistic about myself.
I tell myself I am the only one who can control how I feel.
I tell myself I can do whatever I want in my life! ( I could be rich, but I'm lazy!)
I change my look! Looking sexy makes you feel awesome. Make sure its how YOU want to look.
Keep active! Keep doing things that make you happy!
And about the friends problem.
Once you are happy with yourself. others will be happy with you.
Thats the only way I can put it. Feel good about who you are and who you have become.
Life is a garden. Dig it!
bwahaha! : D
I hope I at least cheered you up!
It did. I'm definitely gonna have a couple of beers tonight.
i love your answer
What Girls Said 8
Well moping hasn't worked so far right? And the cliche' goes "Only way to go from here is up." and it rings true. Life doesn't go the way you want by just sitting there. You have to make your own life.
- If you don't have friends or people who care, then find some.
- If you don't have any hope, get some.
You have to take a proactive approach in life. If you want that rolls royce then map out the steps that will take you there and do those steps.
If you want friends, write down the steps that you think will get you there. Then do it.for example.
1. Join a gym or activity that is social in nature ie. martial arts dojo, cardio class, ski club (they actually have those), go back to college for the fun of it and take photography classes or fun classes and meet people there, a book club, or people via work.
2. You make friends if you put yourself out there in public and have some optimism and enthusiasm.you will get to know people that way.but if you continue to mope or have a woe is me approach or a depressive . people stay away from that.
THings are better when you try and have some optimism and a I CAN DO it attitude.nothing happens to those you just sit there and complain or be all "bleh" all the time.
Get high. When all else fails, look to the gifts of 'Mother Earth'. No, but seriously, you can help yourself. Try to make sense of your unhappiness. Find out what it is that makes you unhappy, unfulfilled. I'm going through a similar phase in my life, but what teenager isn't, you know. Maybe you should spend a day with yourself, all about you. Do what you like, spend time with people you like, who like you, and want to see you happy.
I feel the same way all the time and sometimes it feels hopeless.I don't have the answers but if you want someone to talk to I am free and maybe we can help each other out.
I am not trying to be rude but please DONT contact this person, " the blind can not lead the blind" ......i don't want to hear of you guys jumping off a bridge hand and hand on CNN.
No the blind cannot lead the blind but sometimes when people feel like they have no one to talk to they can turn to each other, so they don't feel so alone in the world...I have talked to some amazing people on here and I was just letting her know she is not alone in the world, that other people have felt how she does and sometimes it just helps to let out whatever is bothering her...and talking to others in this position has helped me
I have felt like this before, I am not sure if I felt quite to the extreme that you are, but you need to do so soul searching. Find out what makes you happy. I think a lot of times you may feel depressed and lonely when you base your happiness on the actions or presence of others. You have to realize, life is precious, and there are so many things in this world that you can do to experience it and enjoy it. Do some exploring, join a dance class, or art class, plan a trip, go hiking, be one with nature, etc. Anything that makes you smile. GEtting involved in these activities will not only make you more productive but let you form relationships with motivated people who can possibly be your friend.
Please don't hang around any depressing people, that's a big no no. They will only further bring you down. GEt a sheet of paper and write down some of the things in life you want to do , and start doing them. Also write down the positive things about your life already. A lot of times we concentrate on the negatives in our life and those negs bring us down and make us depressed. You got to be optimistic about YOU. You may not think you are very fortunate but compared to a lot of people you probably are. Concentrate on those positive things you wrote down and make that list longer by discovering more things about yourself. Make it your obligation to please yourself not other people. A lot of times trying to live up to other expectations and level can make us feel less of a person. Look at yourself as a unique individual with a lot of potential.
You might want to start attending motivational women's meetings. They often help you build great self esteem and discover the inner you and your place in life. There are so many people that don't get a chance to experience life, or are poor living out in the streets. Be happy and proud of what you have and improve upon it. Surround yourself with motivating positive people. Watch the sun come up in morning and be thankful that you have the chance so experience such a beautiful thing. If you have drama in your past that is making you depressed forget it, it doesn't define you. What defines you is where you gp from here on out. Make the most of this wonderful thing you call life.
I love your answer.
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On Thursday, Oct. 25, the second-grade classes of Wewahitchka Elementary School took their annual field trip to the Wetappo Fire Tower. This trip was originally planned when one of the second-grade teachers, Misty Harper, contacted Richard McGhee from the Forestry Division, approximately 10 years ago, to plan a small outing to check out the facilities at the Wetappo Fire Tower.
At that time, Mr. McGhee was able to round up a couple of emergency service vehicles from the Wewa Fire Dept. and the Gulf County Ambulance Center. Now, one decade later, Mr. McGhee has a variety of vendors involved in addition to the Stone Mill Creek Fire Department and the Gulf County Ambulance. The students were able to enjoy demonstrations from the Gulf County Sherriff's K-9 unit, the FWC Law Enforcement, and the Division of Forestry Dept. of Agriculture. Of course, the trip wouldn't be complete without Smokey Bear.
The classes of Mrs. Harper, Mrs. Taunton and Mrs. Anderson would like to thank Mr. McGee and everyone that was involved and hope that a ten-year tradition may continue for many years to come.


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When researchers recently reviewed more than a decade's worth of findings, they concluded that so-called mega-doses of vitamin C don't prevent colds for most people. Some studies suggest vitamin C may help you get over the symptoms a little faster. But vitamin C doesn't appear to lessen its intensity.
Zeaxanthin and lutein from fruits and vegetables
Vitamins C and E
All of the above
Studies show that a variety of nutrients may help lower the risk of age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of vision loss in people over 65. Eating a diet loaded with fruits and vegetables should give you all you need. But if you are at increased risk of age-related macular degeneration, your doctor may recommend a supplement as well as lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking.
Vitaly Minkov, the Russian researcher who first discovered vitamins
"Vital" and "amines"
Vitumamine, the first vitamin to be discovered
Vitamins are compounds that are vital to our health. They were first thought to be amino acids, the building blocks of protein. Today, we know that 13 vitamins are essential to human health. You can usually get all you need by eating a well-balanced diet. But some people, especially those on restrictive diets, may benefit from vitamin supplements. How much do you need? The government has established recommended daily allowances for most vitamins and minerals, as well as upper limits that are safe.
Getting enough B12 is definitely important. A lack of B12 can cause anemia, but the symptoms of B12 deficiency are not typically related to feeling weak and tired. Symptoms do include memory loss, disorientation, and tingling of your arms and legs. But there's little evidence that taking B12 makes you a better athlete or gives you more energy. An adequate diet that includes meat, fish, or dairy products will give you all the B12 you need.
Calcium and vitamin D
Vitamin K
Magnesium and potassium
Most people know that calcium and vitamin D are essential for healthy bones. New findings show that many other nutrients also are critical for bone health, including magnesium, potassium, and vitamin K. It's best to get these nutrients from food. But if you're at increased risk of brittle bones and osteoporosis, your doctor may recommend taking a calcium and vitamin D supplement.
Our bodies make vitamins, but not minerals.
Vitamins come from plants or animals; minerals from the earth.
Vitamins supply energy; minerals are used to make new cells.
Vitamins are essential for growth, digestion, and nerve function. Minerals support cell structure and help build bones and regulate body processes. Vitamins are known by letters of the alphabet: A, B, C, D, E, and K. Examples of minerals include calcium, which builds bone and helps blood clotting, and iron, which helps your blood carry oxygen.
Some water soluble vitamins, including C and B vitamins, turn your urine a bright orange or even yellow-green if you take more than you need. That's your kidneys getting rid of the excess levels of these vitamins. But most vitamins and minerals do not show up in the urine, and it can be dangerous to get too much of some nutrients.
Are pregnant or breastfeeding
Are vegan -- you eat no animal products
Take certain medications
Pregnant and breastfeeding women often need a bigger variety of nutrients. Other people also may need vitamin or mineral supplements for a variety of reasons. Those on special diets, such as vegans, may not get all the vitamins they need from food. Others whose bodies may have trouble absorbing all the nutrients they need can include people:
Talk to your doctor if you think you may need a supplement.
Supplements can be a good way to ensure you're getting all the nutrients you need, however, many vitamins and minerals can be toxic if you take too much. Excess vitamin A can cause nausea, vomiting, and liver damage, for example. Too much vitamin D can cause weakness, heart rhythm problems, and confusion. Because the body stores fat-soluble vitamins [A, D, E, and K] and iron, consuming too much can cause levels to build up in organs and tissues, causing liver or kidney damage.
Sweet red pepper
Vitamin C
Vitamin B12
Vitamin E
This crucial B vitamin is found mostly in foods from animal sources, including meat, eggs, and dairy foods. If you don't eat these foods, you may not be getting enough B12. Talk to your doctor about whether you should take a supplement.
Researchers continue to study whether some antioxidants may prevent the kind of genetic damage that can turn cells cancerous. But there is no evidence that taking antioxidant supplements will lower your cancer risk. If you're being treated for cancer, talk to your doctor before taking any dietary supplements. Some research suggests that antioxidant supplements may interfere with some cancer-fighting medicines.
Women of childbearing age
Postmenopausal women
Women who are menstruating usually need more iron because they lose a little with each menstrual cycle. The recommended daily allowance for premenopausal women is 18 mg a day. By contrast, men usually need only 8 mg of iron a day. Pregnant women should get 27 mg a day.
Experts are deeply divided on multivitamins. Several recent studies have shown no benefits of taking multivitamins in a healthy person. Even people who have taken a daily multivitamin for years don't appear to be healthier or to live longer. But other experts believe that taking a multivitamin can help fill in for what's missing in many people's diets. Experts do agree that the best source for vitamins and minerals is food, not pills.
These are all different forms of B vitamins. B vitamins do many things in your body, including helping change food into energy. Whole grains, beans, nuts, meat, eggs, and fish are good sources of many different forms of B vitamins. Vitamin B12, on the other hand, is found almost exclusively in foods from animal sources.
It helps protect skin against sun damage.
Your skin makes vitamin D when exposed to sunlight.
Vitamin D is found mostly in tropical fruits like oranges, lemons, and other citrus fruit.
People with dark skin may be more likely to have low vitamin D levels. Older people may also be deficient, because your skin gets less efficient at converting sunlight to vitamin D as you age. If you stay out of the sun because of sensitive skin or the risk of skin cancer, you may also need extra D. Talk to your doctor. A simple blood test can show whether you are deficient in vitamin D.
Birth defects
Alzheimer's disease
Folic acid helps prevent neural tube defects, which involve the brain and spinal cord and can cause devastating birth defects. Because folic acid is so important during pregnancy, some doctors recommend that pregnant women and women who are thinking of becoming pregnant take a supplement to ensure that they get enough.
This mineral helps keep your heart beating regularly, and one study found that taking potassium reduced systolic blood pressure (the top number). Reducing blood pressure lowers the risk of stroke, heart disease, heart failure, and kidney disease.
The recommended intake of potassium for teens and adults is 4,700 mg a day. Many foods contain potassium, so a deficiency is rarely caused by an inadequate diet. Potassium-rich foods include many fruits and vegetables, milk, meat, and whole grains.
You correctly answered out of questions.
Great work! You're rich in vitamins.
Not bad, but you could do better. Read more on vitamins and take the quiz again.
Not so good. Read more about vitamins and take the quiz again.
Reviewed by David T. Derrer, MD on June 28, 2014
National Eye Institute.
American Optometric Association.
Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University.
Helpguide.org: "Vitamins and Minerals: Understanding Their Role."
Heimer, K. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, May 2009.
University of North Texas, "Vitamins."
U.S. Department of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements.
Harvard Health Publications.
Tucker, K. Current Osteoporosis Reports, December 2009.
FDA Consumer Health Information, February 2009.
Tufts University Modified Food Pyramid for Older Adults.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2005.
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
Mursu, J. Archives of Internal Medicine, October 2011.
Maraini, G. Annals 1st Super Sunita, 2009.
Neuhouser, M. Archives of Internal Medicine, February 2009; vol 169: pp 294-304.
National Cancer Institute, "Antioxidants and Cancer Prevention Fact Sheet."
Lawenda, B. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2008, published online.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, "Tips for the Savvy Supplement User."
Vegetarian & Vegan Foundation.
National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements: "Vitamin B12."
Vogiatzoglou, A. Neurology, Sept. 9, 2008
This tool does not provide medical advice. See additional information
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© 2012 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.
Ensure you're exercising hard enough to get a good workout, but not strain your heart.
While you are exercising, you should count between...


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Watch: Wallis Bird - "Feathered Pocket"/
Irish singer/songwriter and force of nature Wallis Bird has announced the release of her fourth album Architect for April 14 so we figured we'd celebrate the occasion with this stark solo performance of one our favorite songs off her eponymous 2012 album: "Feathered Pocket." Legendary for her high energy performances -- "The sheer visceral energy of Wallis Bird could kick-start an entire economy," said the The Irish Times -- Bird turns in an intimate, if no less impassioned, performance courtesy fine German video website Haus Konzerte. The song, she says, is about "documenting the electricity within you and the chemical charge that happens when falling in love…a great and good love."
Wallis Bird - "Feathered Pocket" (from Wallis Bird)
Banner Photo Credit: Thorsten Dirr


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Arthritis Care is a UK-wide voluntary organisation offering help and support to people with all types of arthritis. They have a comprehensive website, a wide range of publications and a telephone helpline, as well as over 250 local support groups. Their publication 'Living with Osteoarthritis' is particularly useful. They also run self-management courses to help people gain skills and confidence to manage their arthritis and improve their quality of life.
How you are affected by arthritis depends on many factors - in particular, which joints are involved. If you find walking or tasks like getting dressed or preparing food difficult, contact your local authority social services department and explain the difficulties you are having. They can arrange to assess what help you may be eligible to receive and recommend equipment and gadgets that can make tasks easier. You may have to pay towards the cost of any services they arrange.
If you have difficulties with personal care and day-to-day tasks or need watching over to make sure you are all right, you may be eligible to claim a non means-tested benefit – Disability Living Allowance if you are under 65 or Attendance Allowance if you are 65 and over. You can find out more about these and other benefits you may be entitled by calling Age UK on 0800 169 6565.
Arthritis Care www.arthritiscare.org.uk Helpline: 0808 800 4050 (freephone)Arthritis Care is a UK wide voluntary organisation offering help and support to people with all types of arthritis.
Gov.ukWebsite: www.gov.ukThis Government website has useful information under the headings 'money, tax and benefits'; 'caring for someone' and 'travel and transport'.
NHS Choices website: www.nhs.uk Osteoarthritis can be found in the Health A-Z section. The pages contain information about diagnosis, treatment and support. It also includes an interview with patient explaining how she manages her condition and lives life to the full. NICE guideline CG59 - The care and management of osteoarthritis in adults. Website: www.nice.org.uk/Guidance/CG59Orderline: 0845 003 7783Look on the website for the patient version of the Guidance, under the symbol representing a small group and the words "information for the public".
Ricability www.ricability.org.uk Tel: 020 7427 2460Ricability is an independent research charity dedicated to providing free, practical and unbiased information of value to older and disabled people. It has a range of reports including 'Getting in and out of a car', 'Motoring with arthritis', 'Choosing a car', Making your kitchen easier' and 'Choosing domestic appliances. Reports can be downloaded from their website and some are available as a free publication. Call the above number to find out if a printed version of a report is available.
Set your location to see what Age UK offers in your local area.
We all feel a little sad or down from time to time but feeling down is not the same as feeling depressed or depression. See how we can help.
The Health A-Z section of this website contains information on the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of many types of illnesses.
The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) has produced guidance on the early assessment and treatment of NHS patients
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Style Profile: Ashley Phelps
Ashley Phelps runs the show at Sneak Joint, a Mission Beach lifestyle bar owned and operated by Elevated Endeavors, LLC.
Phelps organizes behind-the-scenes matters of social media and event planning by day. When the sun sets, Phelps works the room, ensuring party operations run smoothly. But it's not all cocktails and sweet talk for this hands-on marketing director. Phelps is a former Miss California USA contestant who graduated from the University of San Diego summa cum laude. In other words, she is one smart cookie.
A girly girl with a Chanel fashion sense, Phelps can also play dirty; she drives a Dodge Ram 1500 and runs over 25 miles per week with a marathon training club. We finally caught up to the beach beauty for the skinny on her career goals, role models, charity work, and how she'd spend her perfect San Diego weekend.
Get to know Ashley Phelps in this week's Style Profile.
Q: Current profession? Walk us through a typical day at work.
A: I am the Director of Marketing and Events for Elevated Endeavors, an entertainment and hospitality operations firm based in San Diego. Sneak Joint in Mission Beach has become a nationally recognized brand.
I have learned that entertainment and hospitality is a very challenging industry and any business with the primary focus on customer experience requires passion, consistent optimization and a disciplined work ethic. I may have meetings all day with staff at Sneak Joint or meetings with business clients planning their special events. The following day might require coordinating and facilitating the backend operations required to support our marketing and branding initiatives, e.g., social media, website development, vendor relations and public relations.
The evenings at Sneak Joint are my favorite because I get to interact with our customers and evaluate the business from a customer experience perspective. Entertaining friends makes me the happiest.
Q: Give us an overview of your background in beauty pageants. Most exciting titles?
A: My pageant career began in the Little Miss Hawaiian Tropic Pageant, in which I competed, and won, my local pageant at the ripe age of 9. After a couple attempts, I finally took the National Title at the age of 11 for Young Miss Hawaiian Tropic. At the time, this was a very exciting title for me!
However, Miss Nevada Teen USA is by far the most exciting title I have won! I spent my year of reign year doing appearances, parades, interviews, charity events, traveling, and most importantly, preparing to compete at the Miss Teen USA pageant.
My most recent pageant experience was competing in Miss California USA 2008 and 2009. The first year I competed I made Top 10, and in 2009 I was 2nd Runner Up. Both years had around 90 girls competing, so to even make Top 15 Semifinalists is a great accomplishment. I've taken a couple years off since, but who knows? Maybe I'll be back this year!
Q: In what ways do you give back to the San Diego community?