text:
Just started gathering information
Hi to all,
Have the area ready to build an outdoor oven. I am gathering information on how best to proceed.
I will do lots of reading of the posts here, before I begin.
Re: Just started gathering information
just started my build this week. I was reading for months before I pulled the trigger. Make sure you download the free plans from the website. this forum is awesome for answering all of your questions. good luck
Re: Just started gathering information
Hey Tom,
Welcome to the forum. It has been a great journey for me learning about the wood fired oven, building one, and now learning to cook in one. All projects worth the time...
If you do build one of these ovens, you are certain to learn a bunch and have some fun along the way!
Re: Just started gathering information
Exactly. I plan on building it quick, a couple of weeks at most, but I am gathering intel and materials. Many thanks to this board!
Re: Just started gathering information
Take your time and read a lot. I read posts for over a year before starting. Go through some of the threads on builds from start to finish so you can appreciate the challenges and how they are dealt with. My thoughts evolved over time by reading a lot of threads, and that helped a lot. I could recommend some, but I hesitate to leave some of them out. I followed Ken's during his construction, and Dino built his just ahead of mine, so those are the ones that influenced me most. But there are lots of other good ones that you would do well to study before making decisions.
Re: Just started gathering information
Thanks for the encouragement. I'm really excited about this project. Not sure when I will be able to start, but I sure am enjoying reading what all of you have done.
Great forum,
Thank you,
Re: Just started gathering information
welcome aboard mate.
The hardest thing that you will experience is the choices available to you and your decisions.
Some take a year to build, (some even longer, even here down under), and others only a couple of weeks.
I diddn't need to build a stand as mine is built on an existing reindorced double brick concrete reinforced retaining wall and took around a month to complete to cooking.
That was the start, then came the patio rebuild and then the outdoor kitchen. Next is the tessilated tiled floor and who knows what is next.
Check out mu build for all the pics, tips, tricks and progress.
Cheers and good luck with your build.
PS. Whatever you decide to do, post plenty of pics.
Re: Just started gathering information
Hi Tom and Welcome
Good Luck With your build
Re: Just started gathering information
"The hardest thing that you will experience is the choices available to you and your decisions. "
I agree. Also note that in many cases there is no single "right way" .
Re: Just started gathering information
I read some of the "what did you cook" thread to my wife and now she is really excited. Not just pizza and bread.
We are in a gourmet dinner club and out turn for dinner is next August. I know I will have it done by then.
I will post pictures as I go.
Thank you to everyone for sharing their experiences. It's great to have such a resource.
I see that FB now offers a kit. I haven't checked pricing yet, but I'm thinking if it only costs $100 to ship to me, this is the way to go.
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Prayer for Guinea-Bissau
Your prayer is very much appreciated. Please join with us and pray for the following ...
- Bill and Linda, HQ managers, responsible for the accommodation and all aspects of the local HQ including workers. Please pray for their language and culture learning and their adjustment to the field and their new colleagues. Also please pray for the right offroad motorbike to cope with the broken sealed roads and the many unsealed roads.
- Hans and Carla have moved to the Quinara region. Please pray for their adjustment to the local people and building good relationships with key people. Also please pray for the Biafada group working on the oral translation of key stories from Creation to Salvation.
- Please pray for our new leaders, Titus and Ruth, as they work together to serve the field. May they know the Lord's anointing and wisdom each day to fulfil all that He has for them to do.
- The annual field conference will be held in January. Please pray for the travel, preparation, fellowship and business plus the devotions with messages from local pastors given each day.
Praise the Lord with us for the following:
- Recent Renovations: The HQ is looking better each week with four renovated bathrooms, new paintwork, renovated furniture, new curtains and furniture coverings and much more. We praise the Lord for the work of the builders and many who contributed to the comfort of our HQ.
- Dry season: Praise the Lord for the opportunities to share the Good News throughout the dry season, with access to all places. May those going know His anointing and may those who enter the Kingdom be well taught and given every opportunity to grow in their relationship with the Lord.
- Church Growth: The national church continues to grow; both numerically and in spiritual depth. We praise the Lord for a number of godly leaders and enthusiastic evangelism, discipleship and a variety of training such as Short Term Bible Courses, Evening Bible College, Bible Institute and Discipleship Training Course.
- Bill and Linda We rejoice in the Lord's provision of HQ managers after years of prayer.

subset: commoncrawl


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Free entrance at FADExpo. The best design of the year
"FADexpo. Best Design of the Year" opens June 27 and picks up, untill September 22, at the FAD -Convent dels Àngels- the finalists and winners of the prizes awarded by the association of FAD in different design disciplines. FADExpo the sample is essential to see and understand what is going to design today.
This year the show will present 577 works finalists and winners of several awards organized by the associations that form part of FAD, some with over 50 years of history, as the Laus for graphic design and visual communication, the Delta Awards for industrial design and the FAD Architecture and Interior Design. There are some of the best works submitted to the Awards ArtFAD art and craft, the winners of the City to City Barcelona FAD Award for best urban initiatives at international level, the winners of the ADC*E Awards for art direction in Europe, the winners of the FAD Sebastián Gasch of Paratheatrical Arts Awards and the winners of MODAFAD emerging designers.
In short, FADexpo joins efforts to bring the design to new audiences and provide an overview of what is being done in different creative sectors in our country.
Date: from 26 June to 22 September
Time: Monday to Saturday from 12 to 20h. Closed Sundays and holidays.
Location: FAD
Prices: Normal: 3 €, reduced (TresC members, students, registered large families, senior citizens, unemployed): 2 €, FAD members and under-16s: free
To arrange guided tours for groups send an email to: email@example.com with your contact information.
Organising: FAD


text:
I am not sure I can do it. Can I put in words what it takes to be a great engineer? It is easy to recognize a great engineer when you work with them. I have these past few days worked with a great engineer whom I had not met before. I just know he is a great engineer. But as I said, I am not sure I can in words justify my gut emotion. Let me try, for if I fail this is but a blog posting–one of many, in fact posting 1,953 or thereabouts.
We drove around the sites together. We got out to look and to feel the soil & tailings. We joked that it is no longer considered safe to put the soil between tongue and top of palate to determine if it is a clay or silt. We both used to do that before H&S became a dictator. We shared observations about the vegetation–a sure sign of soil type and groundwater flow. We delighted in the scarp face of a soil failure zone caused by excessive seepage. And we kicked the rocks with glee to see them roll rugged, gray, and non-acid generating down the slope. We marveled at the track marks up the slope where the fussy site overseer continuously dressed the slope. And we poked our ears down the penstock to listen to water flowing when it should not.
He knew the history of the dams: the people who designed them; the problems that arose during construction; the failures during raising; the incidents not reported; the current need for more information; and the way the impoundments must be constructed so that they may be operated for twenty years and more.
We nodded or winked when referring to clients past and present who did not provide adequate budget. We shrugged a shoulder when agreeing the mine gets what is pays for and pays for a lot more when it does not pay its consultants to do what they know needs to be done.
Instinctively we concurred that the mine deserves its sorrows when it cuts budgets or defers inevitable capital expenditure and maintenance.
He has that singular gift of focusing on what is relevant. He cut through the underbrush that distracts the inexperienced and unskilled. He calmly focused on the sights, sounds, and senses of that which will fail soon if not remediated. And ignored the spectacular but irrelevant.
Yet he has been a good consultant to the miners. He has used judgment when the youth would have demanded finite element analyses. He has made quick decisions based on knowledge and experience when the youth would have waded through tests, trials, and tribulations. He has produced in the face of small budgets and demanding miners.
And now as he gets old, he gets patient. There is no hurry. So what if the report is late or never produced. "Just hear me and do it."
And that is the ultimate sign of a great engineer: they know they are right and know they do not and cannot write enough to prove they are right.


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ITEM: 1860 The unique texture of our premium shrunken French lambskin jacket gives it a rugged antique look. Detailing such as the stitched flange front adds a modern touch. Two hand-warmer pockets outside, one chest pocket inside. Lining is polyester with 100% poly filler. Full leather-covered elastic waistband, adjustable snap cuffs. Imported. Leather clean.
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- good price, fast delivery, good quality. My only complaint is the jacket is not antique or krinkled, the leather is very smooth Review by Dan
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Welcome to the forum:
Welcome to the iThemes forum. We've created several tutorial video's to help you get you started with using the forum, please check them out!
Also take note of the forum guidelines.
Support hours:
Our moderators actively respond to forum support requests during normal business hours which are Monday-Friday, 8am - 5pm Central Standard Time, typically within one business day. Although some moderators choose to work during the weekends, we can not guarantee immediate attention to your requests. Thanks for understanding.
What is included with support:
Premium support includes theme/plugin issues such as: bugs encountered under normal operation, how to use basic features, basic WordPress help, and basic help with customization (meaning we point you to resources and will help in more depth as time allows). More information.
Destination Folder Already Exists. Plugin Install Failed.
Posted 25 July 2012 - 07:08 PM
Unpacking the package…
Installing the plugin…
Destination folder already exists.
Plugin install failed.
Screenshot of error: http://awesomescreenshot.com/027bh6kb0
The 'easy theme and plugin upgrades' plugin is installed and active. And I've selected 'yes' to the 'Upgrade existing plugin?' question.
I've tried deactivating the plugin that I'm upgrading before uploading the new version and it still produced the error.
Posted 27 July 2012 - 05:41 AM
can you try uploading the (uzipped) plugin folder to the /wp-content/plugins/ folder via ftp. Before soing so, remove the existing plugin folder,
Join the iThemes Builder Community on Google+.
To ensure that we can process your support request efficiently, ALWAYS include a link to your site, and/or the page your request is related to. Please also read the forum guidelines.
When asking your question/posting your request on the forum, please be as concise and specific as possible. The shorter your request, the more to the point, the more specific, the easier it will be for us to try and help out.


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List of smoking bans in Australia
The following is a list of smoking bans in Australia.
The list shows federal, state and local laws. For other smoking bans and restrictions, see the worldwide list of smoking bans.
Federal level[edit]
Federal law bans smoking in all Australian Commonwealth government buildings, public transport, airports and international and domestic flights. Further bans are in place but are governed by individual states. Currently all Australian states and territories have banned smoking in vehicles with children, in enclosed public places, particularly workplaces and restaurants. Tobacco products cannot be sold to persons under 18 years old.
Australian states and territories[edit]
Australian Capital Territory[edit]
In the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) a smoking ban has applied to all enclosed public places since 1 December 2006.[1] However, if the proportion of the public place that is "open" (open to the outdoors) is greater than 25% of the total surface area of the ceiling or roof (assuming that this is flat) and the walls and windows (whether fixed or able to be opened), then the premises will not be considered "substantially enclosed" and therefore, the smoking prohibition in the Act did not apply.[2]
As of December 2010 all outdoor eating and drinking areas in the ACT were made smoke-free. Exceptions to this rule can be made but only under strict guidelines. A "Designated Outdoor Smoking Area" (DOSA) requirements include; may not encompass more than 50% of the outdoor area, must be separated from smoke-free areas by no less than 4 metres or a non-transparent fixed wall barrier at least 3 metres high. In addition to this, staff are not allowed to take part in smoking. As a result of these requirements, the majority of venues did not obtain a DOSA permit as it was considered too complicated. The punishment for smoking in an outdoor area that is not a DOSA is an on-the-spot fine between $200 and $2,000 for the individual and $2,000 to $10,000 for the business.
New South Wales[edit]
A total "enclosed space" ban was introduced in New South Wales on 1 July 2007. In this state, a public place is considered substantially enclosed only if the total area of ceiling and wall surfaces are more than 75% of its total notional ceiling and wall area. Windows and doors may be counted as open space only if they are locked open to the outside for the duration of trading hours. 10% of the total ceiling and wall area must remain open to the elements at all times.[3]
From 1 July 2009, smoking in a car with a child under the age of 16 is against the law. The Public Health (Tobacco) Act 2008 creates a new offence of smoking in a car with a child under 16 years of age in the vehicle. A $250 on-the-spot fine applies to the driver and any passenger who breaks the law. This is enforced by NSW Police.[4]
From 7 January 2013, smoking is banned at public (outdoor) playgrounds within 10 m of children's play equipment, in open areas of public swimming pools, at major sports grounds, within 4 m of any building open to the public and at public transport stops (including outdoor parts of railway stations, bus stops, light rail stops and taxi ranks). Bans on smoking within 4 metres of a pedestrian access point to a public building will include licensed premises, restaurants and cafés from 6th July 2015.[5]
Northern Territory[edit]
A ban on smoking in all enclosed areas of restaurants, licensed clubs and pubs came into force in the Northern Territory on 2 January 2010.
Smoking is prohibited in all pubs, clubs, restaurants and workplaces in Queensland, as well as in commercial outdoor eating and drinking areas and in outdoor public places (e.g., patrolled beaches, children's playground equipment, major sport stadiums, and within 4 metres of non-residential building entrances). Since 1 July 2006, premises holding a hotel, club or casino liquor licence can designate up to 50% of the outdoor liquor licensed area as a smoking and drinking area. In this area no food or drink can be served, no food can be consumed, no entertainment can be offered and there must be no gaming machines provided. A "buffer", which can be either a 2-metre-wide area or a 2.1-metre-high screen that is impervious to smoke, must be on the area's perimeter wherever it is adjacent to other parts of the outdoor area usually accessed by patrons. Premises that choose to have such an area must have a smoking management plan for the premises that complies with legislative requirements. For all other liquor licensed premises, and non-liquor licensed premises, from 1 July 2006 there is no smoking at any outdoor eating or drinking place. In May 2009 it was announced that smoking in cars where children under the age of 16 are present was banned and that the power to regulate smoking at pedestrian malls and public transport waiting points such as bus stops, taxi ranks and ferry wharves was transferred to local government.[6]
South Australia[edit]
A total enclosed public place smoking ban was introduced in South Australia on 1 November 2007. However, under the SA Tobacco Products Regulation Act 1997, a place or area is only "enclosed" if it is fully enclosed or is at least partially covered by a ceiling and has walls such that the total area of the ceiling and wall surfaces exceeds 70 per cent of the total notional ceiling and wall area. It is illegal to smoke in the car while children (under 18) are in the car.[7]
Tasmania was the first Australian state to introduce a total indoor smoking ban in January 2006.[8] As of 1 January 2008, smoking in cars with passengers under the age of 18 is banned and will incur a $110 on the spot fine.[9] (The laws would be strictly enforced only after a three month education period.[9])
A total enclosed public place smoking ban was introduced in Victoria on 1 July 2007. However, smoking is permitted in non-enclosed dining or drinking areas if the area has a roof and walls that cover no more than 75% of the total notional wall area (i.e. if the combined wall and roof space is 25% open to the outdoors). Smoking is also allowed in: balconies; verandas; courtyards; marquees; and footpaths. The sale of tobacco products to people under 18 is prohibited[10] but there is no age limit to legally possess these products.[citation needed] A ban on smoking in cars carrying children (aged under 18) became effective from 1 January 2010. A ban on smoking in Government School grounds became effective from 1 July 2009. Smoking is prohibited on all areas of train stations and raised platform tram stops as of 1 March 2014.[11] Frankston City Council introduced blanket no smoking bans on three busy shopping streets in 2010.
Western Australia[edit]
Western Australia was the second Australian state to ban smoking in all indoor areas of pubs, bars and clubs from 31 July 2006. [12] Smoking bans apply in outdoor eating areas, where people eat and/or drink sitting at tables (e.g. restaurants, cafes, delis, lunch-bars and hotels). Smoking is banned within 10 meters of any children's playground equipment. Smoking is prohibited "between the flags" on a beach in patrolled swimming areas. It is also illegal to smoke in a car if a child (aged under 17) is inside. Liquor licensed premises that are not subject to a restaurant licence may set aside up to 50 per cent of outdoor eating areas as smoking zones. Smoking is permitted in the international room at the Burswood Casino. The Health Minister has regulated to allow footpath drinking without food to accommodate smokers.[13]
- ^ "Smoke-Free Public Places Regulation 2005"
- ^ "Smoke-Free Public Places Regulation 2005 – Republication No 3"
- ^ "NSW Health: Smoke-free guide: Determining an enclosed public place"
- ^ "Smoke-free Cars – NSW Department of Health". Health.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 15 February 2011.
- ^ New outdoor smoking laws take effect in NSW
- ^ "Summary of tobacco laws", Queensland Health
- ^ "Smoke-Free Cars"
- ^ "A Guide to Smoke-Free Areas in Tasmania"
- ^ a b "Smoking banned in cars in Tasmania" in The Australian
- ^ "Tobacco retailer guide", revised February 2013, Department of Health (Victoria), p. 12
- ^ http://ptv.vic.gov.au/news-and-events/news/breathe-easy-now-all-train-stations-tram-shelters-and-platforms-and-bus-shelters-are-smoke-free/
- ^ "Western Australia - Tobacco Products Control Regulations 2006" (PDF).
- ^ "Guidelines for establishing 'breakout areas' (7 May 2007)" (PDF).
External links[edit]
- Federal, state and territories legislation, University of Sydney
- OURhotel, Special Local Government Edition (Official publication of the Australian Hotels Association), p. 5–7
- Environmental Tobacco Smoke in Australia (May 2001), prepared by VicHealth Centre for Tobacco Control. Canberra: Dept. of Health and Ageing. ISBN 0-642-50393-1
- Australian Hotels Association website


text:
Student actors, professor tour bilingual show across region, May 1-16
Actors in Tintamarre, Mount Allison University's bilingual theatre company, perform a scene from VILLAGES, which will be touring schools throughout the Marititimes next month.
SACKVILLE, N.B. — More than 3,000 Maritime students will be entertained and engaged this spring by Tintamarre, Mount Allison University's bilingual theatre company, when they perform VILLAGES during their annual school tour.
Every year, volunteers from throughout the Mount Allison campus create an original, fast-paced, activist comedy with music that entertains and prompts reflection.
Alex Fancy, founder-director of Tintamarre, says, "Theatre explores important and sensitive issues in a respectful manner. VILLAGES is about a visit to two villages facing a convergence of environmental and socio-economic challenges."
Over 40 actors, designers, and technicians created the original production, through a collaborative process that has engaged students for three decades, and is known well beyond Mount Allison. Twelve actor-students will stage the school-tour version.
Graduating honours international relations, Hispanic and gender studies student Natalie Brunet of Ottawa, ON is this year's associate director. She explains that the play is, as usual, up-beat and ends with "a celebration of ways to sustain threatened communities." Brunet plays a writer who re-discovers her roots after having travelled the world.
"Rising sea levels, diminishing water tables, erosion, loss of jobs, and effects of industrial activity: these challenges are compounded by social and cultural differences that isolate our two villages from each other," explains Lauren Sturgeon, a third-year psychology and sociology student from Miramichi, NB. She plays two roles: a young mainlander who hangs out with a person from the island in the bay, and a city reporter who fails to understand what it's like to live in either village.
Monctonian Luke Trainor, a fourth-year history, philosophy, and religious studies student has composed music and says that, "there's hope for both villages because they learn to listen to each other, and because they have a kitchen party together." This sentiment is shared by fourth-year honours English student Amber Tucker of Pasadena, NL, this year's other composer.
Teachers receive a learning kit, and performances are followed by an audience talkback. Tintamarre's unique collaborative process will also be shared through workshops in several schools.
Tintamarre aims to celebrate listening and the role theatre can play in our world.
The tour is supported by the Crake Foundation, the Campbell-Verduyn Internships, Mount Allison alumni and other friends of theatre and Tintamarre.
Twenty-two performances are scheduled, including one on Sunday, May 11, at 4 p.m. in Tweedie Hall on the Mount Allison campus. Free admission, free-will collection, sixty minutes.
– May 1 Pugwash Junior & Senior High Schools, with workshop
– May 2 Riverside School, Milford, NS, two performances
– May 5 Bonar Law Memorial School, Rexton, NB
– May 6 Avonview High School, Windsor, NS two performances & workshop
– May 7 Harmony Heights Elementary School, Truro, NS
– May 8 Oxford Regional Educational Centre, Oxford, NS & Tantramar Regional High School, Sackville , NB
– May 9 Birchmount School, Moncton, NB with workshop / Marshview Middle School, Sackville, NB
– May 11 Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB
– May 13 Springhill Junior High / Springhill Senior High / Springhill Elementary Schools, three performances, Springhill NS
– May 14 Dr John Hugh Gillis Regional High School, Antigonish, NS / Northumberland High School, Alma, NS, with workshop
– May 15 Saint Stephen High School / Fundy High School, St George, NB
– May 16 Harkins Middle School, Miramichi, 2 performances / Losier Junior High School, Miramichi


text: How to Wear Your Backpack With Style There are tons of ways you can wear a standard backpack, but pick the wrong one and let's just say some guys might be waiting for you in the quad after class. It's a big decision. Luckily, there's this helpful infographic by Good Morning Night to point you in the right direction before you decide to put the bag over your head and poke holes in it (rookie mistake!). MORE: Infographics, The Roundup, Backpacks, Infographics.


text:
When winter weather hits, sometimes the best idea is to hunker down until the worst is over. But if you have to get out today, we have some information to hopefully make it a little easier.
DrivingAs always, when the weather makes roads treacherous, it's a good idea to allow plenty of extra time and drive carefully. Use extra caution when driving on bridges and overpasses since they usually freeze first.
An advisory from AAA Mid-Atlantic reminds drivers that driving defensively is important in bad weather. Make sure to fully clear your car of snow, drive with your low-beams on and allow plenty of room between your car and the one in front of you. Keeping your gas tank at least half full to avoid fuel freezing and making sure you have an emergency kit and extra clothes in case of an emergency are also important.
You can track what roads have been plowed in Montgomery and Prince George's counties through maps at the county governments' websites. Additionally, some municipalities plow their own streets. Montgomery County has a list here of jurisdictions that cover their own plowing.
MetroIf you're planning on traveling via Metrorail or Metrobus, they are operating on a regular weekday schedule but service levels may reduce later in the day, depending on ridership and weather conditions, according to WMATA.com. If conditions are bad enough, Metrobus routes may also be detoured or suspended. Check their website before heading out. MetroAccess has been suspended for Tuesday and will return when it is safe to do so.
Recent blog posts
Return to Gazette Blogs


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News & Calendar
On Sunday, October 2, the Shipley crew team raced for the first time this fall in cold, drizzly conditions in Wilmington, DE at the Head of the Christina. The first two boats to compete were the Boys' Varsity Doubles. Derek McAvoy and Max Reisser placed first and Greg Dadourian and Nathan Markowitz placed second in the event, making it the second year in a row Shipley has won the Boys' Double at this race.
Next to race were the Girls' Varsity Doubles. Zoe Deutsch and Linna Li took the gold medal, Carolynne McKenna and Elisa Mirkil took the silver, and Lauren Semerjian and Meredith Mason finished in fifth place. This is also the second year in a row that Shipley has won this event.
Marc Molta was next to race in the single, placing second in his event. The JV Boys' Eight was Shipley's final race of the day, with Alexa Gordon, Henry Goodhart, Max Reisser, Jack Ryan, Nathan Markowitz, Will Verdeur, Mike Schwartz, Derek McAvoy, and Greg Dadourian. They finished this very competitive event in a very respectable sixth place.
The crew team races again this coming weekend, first at the Navy Day Regatta on their home course of the Schuylkill, and then in Bridgeport, PA at the King's Head Regatta.


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Source: Deadline.com
Will Smith is now attached to star as Cain in The Legend of Cain, a re-telling of the Biblical tale that will have a "vampiric twist." No director is attached at this time.
With the safe and comfortable Men in Black III set to begin filming in August, Smith certainly has room to take a risk on a more unconventional project like Cain.


text:
General Rules
All posts and replies are welcome, Constructive Comments and Criticism is welcome, but we will not tolerate any type of flaming on our forums, nor will we tolerate any posts that have nothing to do with the main course of this forum.
Any replies that deviate from the main topic too far will have the topic closed.
If we feel that a post needs to be closed or deleted, we will first close the thread, then discuss it, if we feel it would be best delete it, we will do so, And notify the Admin & the post/replier as to the reason for the post or reply was deleted, in accordance with the Main Board Rules.
Considering that most of us are here for information, whether it is for asking for information, or offering, we are here to help one another. if Flaming is your reasoning for post or replies, then we wont tolerate it here.
Info Conerning File Hosting
NeoWin.net is currently unable to host the files.
See this thread
The Bandwidth is 40GB+ we are unable to deliver that much, after trying on 3 different (donated) servers We have been forced to disable the files.
Info Concerning "rips"*
If you see any Logon Screens or Visual Styles posted here that appear to be rips please use the report post link in the thread. Be sure include information on why you beleive it is a rip. After we look into it we will either leave the post be or delete it depending on our conclusion. (Policy Updated See Below)
Using Visual Styles and Style XP for beginners
A lot of people new to Style XP are having trouble with finding it and then installing themes so here is a simple howto for those new to Style XP.
First, you need to download and install Style XP itself from TGT Soft. The latest version is available here so download that now. Then, after you have installed it (simply run the installer and it will do everything for you) you will end up with a reboot and the Toothpaste theme will be enabled.
You will now want to try out some of the themes you see in this forum. Download the ones you want to try and then extract the contents of the zip file to a new directory in "C:WindowsResources".
You should end up with a folder like this "C:WindowsResourcesThemes[NameOfTheme]". Then run the .msstyles file in that new directory and click the apply button in the display properties dialog that opens.
Thats it, you should now know how to install and select a new theme.
(Note: If there is a readme file in the themes zip file, read that. If it contains instructions that differ from this, follow those instead.)
How to modify WinXP's boot logo
want to modify WinXP's boot logo? dont know how?
go here
* Policy Update concerning "rips"
Copyright violation policy update as of June 17, 2002:
Neowin.net does not allow or permit the posting of copyright violations. This includes, but is not limited to visual styles, icons, wallpapers and application skins. The following guidelines should be considered when posting a copyrighted work:
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2.) Screenshots of copyrighted material are allowed within the forums. However, any attempt to distribute a "ripped" work by a board member is a violation of Neowin.net policy. This includes use of the private message system, posting of email addresses, etc.
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Any post in violation of these policies will be deleted. Disciplinary action against the offending board member will follow existing Neowin policies.
Neowin.net respects the integrity and rights of artists and their works. If you have any questions or complaints about the enforcement of this policy, please feel free to contact any moderator in the Customizing Windows Forums.


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'Temporary delay' issued on Prop. B; state high court declines to consolidate lawsuits
Two court decisions have cleared the way for city labor unions to air their grievances over San Diego's voter-approved pension overhaul in front of a state agency next week, a major first step in their push to invalidate Proposition B and keep guaranteed pensions in place.
Superior Court Judge Luis Vargas issued a "temporary delay" that prevents the city from implementing Proposition B — which replaces pensions with 401(k)-style plans for most new hires — until July 27. The California Supreme Court also declined a request by the city to consolidate several Proposition B lawsuits into a single case, skip potentially years of litigation and rule directly on its legality.
The result of those two actions is that the Public Employment Relations Board, a state agency charged with investigating labor disputes, will move forward with an administrative hearing next Tuesday on Proposition B in Glendale.
At issue is a union complaint accusing city leaders of illegally circumventing state labor law by crafting the measure as a citizens' initiative and then using the power and influence of their offices to gather signatures on its behalf.
Unions have been battling in court for months to have PERB investigate the facts of the case while the city and Proposition B proponents have tried to block those proceedings.
"All we've ever asked for was to have our day at the PERB administrative hearing and that's something the city has fought literally tooth and nail for months now," said Michael Zucchet, head of the Municipal Employees Association, the city's largest union representing white-collar workers. "What is clear is that the hearing is finally going to happen next week and it's going to be meaningful as to what comes out of that."
In February, PERB found there was "reasonable cause" that the city violated state law with the initiative but formal hearings on the issue were delayed until after the June 5 election at the city's urging by Judge Vargas.
Any decision by PERB could then be challenged in appellate court and, if necessary, the state Supreme Court, a legal battle that could drag on for years. An initial decision by PERB could be months away.
The more immediate question is what happens on July 27 when the temporary restraining order against the city expires. Vargas scheduled a hearing for that day to determine whether to grant a longer injunction or lift the order and allow the city to implement Proposition B.
The reality is the current delay does little to halt Proposition B because the initiative doesn't go into effect until the election results are accepted and filed by the Secretary of State's Office, a procedural step expected to come in late July or early August.
Vargas issued the temporary restraining order late Tuesday and said it doesn't prevent the city and its unions from continuing to negotiate over the implementation of Proposition B as required. He said he would assess the progress of those talks before deciding to extend or lift the order.
Proposition B proponents, including City Councilman Carl DeMaio, have said the initiative will withstand legal scrutiny and noted the latest ruling doesn't really delay anything.


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We have owned the WorkForce 845 for over a year and it is, BY FAR, the best printer we've ever used! My husband and I are both self-employed, and we put this printer through boot camp on a regular basis. We use the XL cartridges and they last a long time. They are reasonably priced, and go a long way. I would highly recommend this product to anyone who has a high level of printing projects, i.e. presentations, spreadsheets, etc. It's working out very well for us!
One hour after opening package printer up and running; req few extra mins to download software from the internet as opposed to using included CD. No problem w/CD but read it's best to go online to get lastest updated version of software. I am far from computer savvy but this was even easy for me, and I set it up as a wireless connection! Set up instructions were simple, easy to read and foolproof, follow them and you can't go wrong. 4 stars because it is a little loud. If it were printing continuously for an extended period I could definitely see it being a little irritating, but a page now and then shouldn't be a problem.
I would like to say that this is a great machine.I am in the process of getting rid of alot of papers and go digital. It has stood up to 1000's of scans with no problems.The wireless printing ability is wonderful and very easy to configure. Would recommend this machine to handle all your scanning needs in a home enviroment.
this is the best printer that i have used by for the price range
I have "gone through so many printers of various well-known brands; but I have to say this is the finest printer I've ever had. There isn't anything it can't do! It has all of the "bells & whistles" for an amazing price.


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Mike Tyson: Undisputed Truth
Thu, Apr 4, 2013 8:00 pm
Arvest Bank Theatre at The Midland, Kansas City, MO
Sorry, this event has already taken place. Please see similar events below.
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Deadline to Register for the Cultural Graduate Celebrations is April 15!
For many historically underrepresented and traditionally marginalized students, graduating from college signifies success not only for themselves but also for their family and friends. The IC recognizes the importance of this milestone with intimate ceremonies for the following communities and their allies: Asian Pacific American; Black; Latino; and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer/Questioning, and Intersex. These celebrations offer Saint Mary's students the opportunity to publicly thank the people who helped them on their journey. They also honor the importance of overcoming barriers within higher education and affirm the different paths that lead to academic success.
The deadline for participating students to register & pay is Tuesday, April 15th at 4:30 p.m via: http://www.stmarys-ca.edu/intercultural-center/cultural-graduate-celebrations
Michelle Dimmett
Coordinator, Intercultural Center
Saint Mary's College of California
(925) 631-8545
[email protected]
Maps & Directories
Mailing Address
Saint Mary's College of California
1928 Saint Mary's Road
Moraga, CA 94575
(925) 631-4000
Google Map | Campus Map | PO Boxes


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Residence in Australia with Over 50 Percent of Exterior Made of Glass
Having a light and airy residence can mean that over 50 per cent of the exterior is made of glass, just like this next house designed by the renowned architect Shane Thompson and located in Brisbane, Australia. Modern features are explained by the realtor: "This is the definition of wide open living. Featuring a sweeping floor plan that effortlessly meanders from one living space to the next, this residence boasts sharp, clean lines and the highest quality of trimmings. " The living and dining space is well defined by natural light coming from floor to ceiling sliding glass doors on all sides. A massive timber veranda lies at your feet every time you step outside in the backyard. An open gourmet kitchen overlooking the dining area features white cabinetry perforated by stainless steel appliances. A master bedroom with en-suite, a secondary bedroom and a third room that can accommodate guests represent the private quarters of the residence. Use the magnificent interior design of this residence to find inspiration for your own home, or even buy this property from Judy Goodger. Either way, let us know what the most beautiful corner of the house is.
5 comments
I love this house! Absolutely stunning!
Now that is a lot of glass!
I especially love the third picture, with the transition from the covered wood deck, to the flagstone patio, to the pool just beyond the fence. Thanks for sharing all these pictures.
Stan Horst
Publisher: BetterBenches.com
Pic. No. 3 (9th from the top) – I wonder where will they keep toilet paper Overall house is very nice.
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A Nelson teenager has been stood down from school after she streaked across a field during a 1st XV rugby match on Tuesday.
The 17-year-old and a group of friends now have to face their school board on Monday to explain their actions.
Heidi Wardrop dashed across the field wearing only her underpants during the match at Nelson Boys' College.
"I am one of those people who do funny things. I thought it would be random and I thought it would be funny. I didn't intend to offend anybody," Wardrop says.
She was encouraged by her four friends who were waiting to wisk her away. They said the game was dying and they thought they would "get Heidi to do something funny."
The students enjoyed the spectacle and gave the girls a standing
But, the Nelson Girls' College headmistress and the boys' headmaster didn't see the funny side and the top students were sent home.
"I regret the way the school has taken it and I wish they could see the funny side," says Wardrop, adding that she was influenced by Lisa Lewis - the bikini streaker at the All Blacks first test against Ireland.
See related video for more...


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Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and some viruses. The main role of DNA molecules is the long-term storage of information. DNA is often compared to a set of blueprints or a recipe, or a code, since it contains the instructions needed to construct other components of cells, such as proteins and RNA molecules. The DNA segments that carry this genetic information are called genes, but other DNA sequences have structural purposes, or are involved in regulating the use of this genetic information.
Chemically, DNA consists of two long polymers of simple units called nucleotides, with backbones made of sugars and phosphate groups joined by ester bonds. These two strands run in opposite directions to each other and are therefore anti-parallel. Attached to each sugar is one of four types of molecules called bases. It is the sequence of these four bases along the backbone that encodes information. This information is read using the genetic code, which specifies the sequence of the amino acids within proteins. The code is read by copying stretches of DNA into the related nucleic acid RNA, in a process called transcription.
Within cells, DNA is organized into structures called chromosomes. These chromosomes are duplicated before cells divide, in a process called DNA replication. Eukaryotic organisms (animals, plants, fungi, and protists) store their DNA inside the cell nucleus, while in prokaryotes (bacteria and archae) it is found in the cell's cytoplasm. Within the chromosomes, chromatin proteins such as histones compact and organize DNA. These compact structures guide the interactions between DNA and other proteins, helping control which parts of the DNA are transcribed.
DNA is a long polymer made from repeating units called nucleotides. The DNA chain is 22 to 26 Ångströms wide (2.2 to 2.6 nanometres), and one nucleotide unit is 3.3 Å (0.33 nm) long. Although each individual repeating unit is very small, DNA polymers can be enormous molecules containing millions of nucleotides. For instance, the largest human chromosome, chromosome number 1, is approximately 220 million base pairs long.
In living organisms, DNA does not usually exist as a single molecule, but instead as a tightly-associated pair of molecules. These two long strands entwine like vines, in the shape of a double helix. The nucleotide repeats contain both the segment of the backbone of the molecule, which holds the chain together, and a base, which interacts with the other DNA strand in the helix. In general, a base linked to a sugar is called a nucleoside and a base linked to a sugar and one or more phosphate groups is called a nucleotide. If multiple nucleotides are linked together, as in DNA, this polymer is called a polynucleotide.
The backbone of the DNA strand is made from alternating phosphate and sugar residues. The sugar in DNA is 2-deoxyribose, which is a pentose (five-carbon) sugar. The sugars are joined together by phosphate groups that form phosphodiester bonds between the third and fifth carbon atoms of adjacent sugar rings. These asymmetric bonds mean a strand of DNA has a direction. In a double helix the direction of the nucleotides in one strand is opposite to their direction in the other strand. This arrangement of DNA strands is called antiparallel. The asymmetric ends of DNA strands are referred to as the 5′ (five prime) and 3′ (three prime) ends, with the 5' end being that with a terminal phosphate group and the 3' end that with a terminal hydroxyl group. One of the major differences between DNA and RNA is the sugar, with 2-deoxyribose being replaced by the alternative pentose sugar ribose in RNA.
The DNA double helix is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between the bases attached to the two strands. The four bases found in DNA are adenine (abbreviated A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T). These four bases are attached to the sugar/phosphate to form the complete nucleotide, as shown for adenosine monophosphate.
These bases are classified into two types; adenine and guanine are fused five- and six-membered heterocyclic compounds called purines, while cytosine and thymine are six-membered rings called pyrimidines. A fifth pyrimidine base, called uracil (U), usually takes the place of thymine in RNA and differs from thymine by lacking a methyl group on its ring. Uracil is not usually found in DNA, occurring only as a breakdown product of cytosine.
The double helix is a right-handed spiral. As the DNA strands wind around each other, they leave gaps between each set of phosphate backbones, revealing the sides of the bases inside (see animation). There are two of these grooves twisting around the surface of the double helix: one groove, the major groove, is 22 Å wide and the other, the minor groove, is 12 Å wide. The narrowness of the minor groove means that the edges of the bases are more accessible in the major groove. As a result, proteins like transcription factors that can bind to specific sequences in double-stranded DNA usually make contacts to the sides of the bases exposed in the major groove.
Each type of base on one strand forms a bond with just one type of base on the other strand. This is called complementary base pairing. Here, purines form hydrogen bonds to pyrimidines, with A bonding only to T, and C bonding only to G. This arrangement of two nucleotides binding together across the double helix is called a base pair. The double helix is also stabilized by the hydrophobic effect and pi stacking, which are not influenced by the sequence of the DNA. As hydrogen bonds are not covalent, they can be broken and rejoined relatively easily. The two strands of DNA in a double helix can therefore be pulled apart like a zipper, either by a mechanical force or high temperature. As a result of this complementarity, all the information in the double-stranded sequence of a DNA helix is duplicated on each strand, which is vital in DNA replication. Indeed, this reversible and specific interaction between complementary base pairs is critical for all the functions of DNA in living organisms.
A DNA sequence is called "sense" if its sequence is the same as that of a messenger RNA copy that is translated into protein. The sequence on the opposite strand is called the "antisense" sequence. Both sense and antisense sequences can exist on different parts of the same strand of DNA (i.e. both strands contain both sense and antisense sequences). In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, antisense RNA sequences are produced, but the functions of these RNAs are not entirely clear. One proposal is that antisense RNAs are involved in regulating gene expression through RNA-RNA base pairing.
A few DNA sequences in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and more in plasmids and viruses, blur the distinction between sense and antisense strands by having overlapping genes. In these cases, some DNA sequences do double duty, encoding one protein when read along one strand, and a second protein when read in the opposite direction along the other strand. In bacteria, this overlap may be involved in the regulation of gene transcription, while in viruses, overlapping genes increase the amount of information that can be encoded within the small viral genome.
DNA exists in many possible conformations. However, only A-DNA, B-DNA, and Z-DNA have been observed in organisms. Which conformation DNA adopts depends on the sequence of the DNA, the amount and direction of supercoiling, chemical modifications of the bases and also solution conditions, such as the concentration of metal ions and polyamines. Of these three conformations, the "B" form described above is most common under the conditions found in cells. The two alternative double-helical forms of DNA differ in their geometry and dimensions.
The A form is a wider right-handed spiral, with a shallow, wide minor groove and a narrower, deeper major groove. The A form occurs under non-physiological conditions in dehydrated samples of DNA, while in the cell it may be produced in hybrid pairings of DNA and RNA strands, as well as in enzyme-DNA complexes. Segments of DNA where the bases have been chemically-modified by methylation may undergo a larger change in conformation and adopt the Z form. Here, the strands turn about the helical axis in a left-handed spiral, the opposite of the more common B form. These unusual structures can be recognized by specific Z-DNA binding proteins and may be involved in the regulation of transcription.
At the ends of the linear chromosomes are specialized regions of DNA called telomeres. The main function of these regions is to allow the cell to replicate chromosome ends using the enzyme telomerase, as the enzymes that normally replicate DNA cannot copy the extreme 3′ ends of chromosomes. These specialized chromosome caps also help protect the DNA ends, and stop the DNA repair systems in the cell from treating them as damage to be corrected. In human cells, telomeres are usually lengths of single-stranded DNA containing several thousand repeats of a simple TTAGGG sequence.
These guanine-rich sequences may stabilize chromosome ends by forming structures of stacked sets of four-base units, rather than the usual base pairs found in other DNA molecules. Here, four guanine bases form a flat plate and these flat four-base units then stack on top of each other, to form a stable G-quadruplex structure. These structures are stabilized by hydrogen bonding between the edges of the bases and chelation of a metal ion in the centre of each four-base unit. Other structures can also be formed, with the central set of four bases coming from either a single strand folded around the bases, or several different parallel strands, each contributing one base to the central structure.
In addition to these stacked structures, telomeres also form large loop structures called telomere loops, or T-loops. Here, the single-stranded DNA curls around in a long circle stabilized by telomere-binding proteins. At the very end of the T-loop, the single-stranded telomere DNA is held onto a region of double-stranded DNA by the telomere strand disrupting the double-helical DNA and base pairing to one of the two strands. This triple-stranded structure is called a displacement loop or D-loop.
DNA can be damaged by many different sorts of mutagens, which change the DNA sequence. Mutagens include oxidizing agents, alkylating agents and also high-energy electromagnetic radiation such as ultraviolet light and X-rays. The type of DNA damage produced depends on the type of mutagen. For example, UV light can damage DNA by producing thymine dimers, which are cross-links between pyrimidine bases. On the other hand, oxidants such as free radicals or hydrogen peroxide produce multiple forms of damage, including base modifications, particularly of guanosine, and double-strand breaks. In each human cell, about 500 bases suffer oxidative damage per day. Of these oxidative lesions, the most dangerous are double-strand breaks, as these are difficult to repair and can produce point mutations, insertions and deletions from the DNA sequence, as well as chromosomal translocations.
Many mutagens fit into the space between two adjacent base pairs, this is called intercalating. Most intercalators are aromatic and planar molecules, and include Ethidium bromide, daunomycin, and doxorubicin. In order for an intercalator to fit between base pairs, the bases must separate, distorting the DNA strands by unwinding of the double helix. This inhibits both transcription and DNA replication, causing toxicity and mutations. As a result, DNA intercalators are often carcinogens, and benzopyrene diol epoxide, acridines, aflatoxin and ethidium bromide are well-known examples. Nevertheless, due to their ability to inhibit DNA transcription and replication, these toxins are also used in chemotherapy to inhibit rapidly-growing cancer cells.
In many species, only a small fraction of the total sequence of the genome encodes protein. For example, only about 1.5% of the human genome consists of protein-coding exons, with over 50% of human DNA consisting of non-coding repetitive sequences. The reasons for the presence of so much non-coding DNA in eukaryotic genomes and the extraordinary differences in genome size, or C-value, among species represent a long-standing puzzle known as the "C-value enigma. However, DNA sequences that do not code protein may still encode functional non-coding RNA molecules, which are involved in the regulation of gene expression.
Some non-coding DNA sequences play structural roles in chromosomes. Telomeres and centromeres typically contain few genes, but are important for the function and stability of chromosomes. An abundant form of non-coding DNA in humans are pseudogenes, which are copies of genes that have been disabled by mutation. These sequences are usually just molecular fossils, although they can occasionally serve as raw genetic material for the creation of new genes through the process of gene duplication and divergence.
In transcription, the codons of a gene are copied into messenger RNA by RNA polymerase. This RNA copy is then decoded by a ribosome that reads the RNA sequence by base-pairing the messenger RNA to transfer RNA, which carries amino acids. Since there are 4 bases in 3-letter combinations, there are 64 possible codons ( combinations). These encode the twenty standard amino acids, giving most amino acids more than one possible codon. There are also three 'stop' or 'nonsense' codons signifying the end of the coding region; these are the TAA, TGA and TAG codons.
Cell division is essential for an organism to grow, but when a cell divides it must replicate the DNA in its genome so that the two daughter cells have the same genetic information as their parent. The double-stranded structure of DNA provides a simple mechanism for DNA replication. Here, the two strands are separated and then each strand's complementary DNA sequence is recreated by an enzyme called DNA polymerase. This enzyme makes the complementary strand by finding the correct base through complementary base pairing, and bonding it onto the original strand. As DNA polymerases can only extend a DNA strand in a 5′ to 3′ direction, different mechanisms are used to copy the antiparallel strands of the double helix. In this way, the base on the old strand dictates which base appears on the new strand, and the cell ends up with a perfect copy of its DNA.
Structural proteins that bind DNA are well-understood examples of non-specific DNA-protein interactions. Within chromosomes, DNA is held in complexes with structural proteins. These proteins organize the DNA into a compact structure called chromatin. In eukaryotes this structure involves DNA binding to a complex of small basic proteins called histones, while in prokaryotes multiple types of proteins are involved. The histones form a disk-shaped complex called a nucleosome, which contains two complete turns of double-stranded DNA wrapped around its surface. These non-specific interactions are formed through basic residues in the histones making ionic bonds to the acidic sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA, and are therefore largely independent of the base sequence. Chemical modifications of these basic amino acid residues include methylation, phosphorylation and acetylation. These chemical changes alter the strength of the interaction between the DNA and the histones, making the DNA more or less accessible to transcription factors and changing the rate of transcription. Other non-specific DNA-binding proteins in chromatin include the high-mobility group proteins, which bind to bent or distorted DNA. These proteins are important in bending arrays of nucleosomes and arranging them into the larger structures that make up chromosomes.
A distinct group of DNA-binding proteins are the DNA-binding proteins that specifically bind single-stranded DNA. In humans, replication protein A is the best-understood member of this family and is used in processes where the double helix is separated, including DNA replication, recombination and DNA repair. These binding proteins seem to stabilize single-stranded DNA and protect it from forming stem-loops or being degraded by nucleases.
In contrast, other proteins have evolved to bind particular DNA sequences. The most intensively-studied of these are the various transcription factors, which are proteins that regulate transcription. Each transcription factor binds to one particular set of DNA sequences and activates or inhibits the transcription of genes that have these sequences close to their promoters. The transcription factors do this in two ways. Firstly, they can bind the RNA polymerase responsible for transcription, either directly or through other mediator proteins; this locates the polymerase at the promoter and allows it to begin transcription. Alternatively, transcription factors can bind enzymes that modify the histones at the promoter; this will change the accessibility of the DNA template to the polymerase.
As these DNA targets can occur throughout an organism's genome, changes in the activity of one type of transcription factor can affect thousands of genes. Consequently, these proteins are often the targets of the signal transduction processes that control responses to environmental changes or cellular differentiation and development. The specificity of these transcription factors' interactions with DNA come from the proteins making multiple contacts to the edges of the DNA bases, allowing them to "read" the DNA sequence. Most of these base-interactions are made in the major groove, where the bases are most accessible.
Enzymes called DNA ligases can rejoin cut or broken DNA strands. Ligases are particularly important in lagging strand DNA replication, as they join together the short segments of DNA produced at the replication fork into a complete copy of the DNA template. They are also used in DNA repair and genetic recombination.
Helicases are proteins that are a type of molecular motor. They use the chemical energy in nucleoside triphosphates, predominantly ATP, to break hydrogen bonds between bases and unwind the DNA double helix into single strands. These enzymes are essential for most processes where enzymes need to access the DNA bases.
In DNA replication, a DNA-dependent DNA polymerase makes a DNA copy of a DNA sequence. Accuracy is vital in this process, so many of these polymerases have a proofreading activity. Here, the polymerase recognizes the occasional mistakes in the synthesis reaction by the lack of base pairing between the mismatched nucleotides. If a mismatch is detected, a 3′ to 5′ exonuclease activity is activated and the incorrect base removed. In most organisms DNA polymerases function in a large complex called the replisome that contains multiple accessory subunits, such as the DNA clamp or helicases.
RNA-dependent DNA polymerases are a specialized class of polymerases that copy the sequence of an RNA strand into DNA. They include reverse transcriptase, which is a viral enzyme involved in the infection of cells by retroviruses, and telomerase, which is required for the replication of telomeres. Telomerase is an unusual polymerase because it contains its own RNA template as part of its structure.
Transcription is carried out by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase that copies the sequence of a DNA strand into RNA. To begin transcribing a gene, the RNA polymerase binds to a sequence of DNA called a promoter and separates the DNA strands. It then copies the gene sequence into a messenger RNA transcript until it reaches a region of DNA called the terminator, where it halts and detaches from the DNA. As with human DNA-dependent DNA polymerases, RNA polymerase II, the enzyme that transcribes most of the genes in the human genome, operates as part of a large protein complex with multiple regulatory and accessory subunits.
A DNA helix usually does not interact with other segments of DNA, and in human cells the different chromosomes even occupy separate areas in the nucleus called "chromosome territories". This physical separation of different chromosomes is important for the ability of DNA to function as a stable repository for information, as one of the few times chromosomes interact is during chromosomal crossover when they recombine. Chromosomal crossover is when two DNA helices break, swap a section and then rejoin.
Recombination allows chromosomes to exchange genetic information and produces new combinations of genes, which increases the efficiency of natural selection and can be important in the rapid evolution of new proteins. Genetic recombination can also be involved in DNA repair, particularly in the cell's response to double-strand breaks.
The most common form of chromosomal crossover is homologous recombination, where the two chromosomes involved share very similar sequences. Non-homologous recombination can be damaging to cells, as it can produce chromosomal translocations and genetic abnormalities. The recombination reaction is catalyzed by enzymes known as recombinases, such as RAD51. The first step in recombination is a double-stranded break either caused by an endonuclease or damage to the DNA. A series of steps catalyzed in part by the recombinase then leads to joining of the two helices by at least one Holliday junction, in which a segment of a single strand in each helix is annealed to the complementary strand in the other helix. The Holliday junction is a tetrahedral junction structure that can be moved along the pair of chromosomes, swapping one strand for another. The recombination reaction is then halted by cleavage of the junction and re-ligation of the released DNA.
Unfortunately, there is no direct evidence of ancient genetic systems, as recovery of DNA from most fossils is impossible. This is because DNA will survive in the environment for less than one million years and slowly degrades into short fragments in solution. Claims for older DNA have been made, most notably a report of the isolation of a viable bacterium from a salt crystal 250-million years old, but these claims are controversial.
Methods have been developed to purify DNA from organisms, such as phenol-chloroform extraction and manipulate it in the laboratory, such as restriction digests and the polymerase chain reaction. Modern biology and biochemistry make intensive use of these techniques in recombinant DNA technology. Recombinant DNA is a man-made DNA sequence that has been assembled from other DNA sequences. They can be transformed into organisms in the form of plasmids or in the appropriate format, by using a viral vector. The genetically modified organisms produced can be used to produce products such as recombinant proteins, used in medical research, or be grown in agriculture.
Forensic scientists can use DNA in blood, semen, skin, saliva or hair found at a crime scene to identify a matching DNA of an individual, such as a perpetrator. This process is called genetic fingerprinting, or more accurately, DNA profiling. In DNA profiling, the lengths of variable sections of repetitive DNA, such as short tandem repeats and minisatellites, are compared between people. This method is usually an extremely reliable technique for identifying a matching DNA. However, identification can be complicated if the scene is contaminated with DNA from several people. DNA profiling was developed in 1984 by British geneticist Sir Alec Jeffreys, and first used in forensic science to convict Colin Pitchfork in the 1988 Enderby murders case.
People convicted of certain types of crimes may be required to provide a sample of DNA for a database. This has helped investigators solve old cases where only a DNA sample was obtained from the scene. DNA profiling can also be used to identify victims of mass casualty incidents. On the other hand, many convicted people have been released from prison on the basis of DNA techniques, which were not available when a crime had originally been committed.
DNA nanotechnology uses the unique molecular recognition properties of DNA and other nucleic acids to create self-assembling branched DNA complexes with useful properties. DNA is thus used as a structural material rather than as a carrier of biological information. This has led to the creation of two-dimensional periodic lattices (both tile-based as well as using the "DNA origami" method) as well as three-dimensional structures in the shapes of polyhedra. Nanomechanical devices and algorithmic self-assembly have also been demonstrated, and these DNA structures have been used to template the arrangement of other molecules such as gold nanoparticles and streptavidin proteins.
DNA has also been used to look at modern family relationships, such as establishing family relationships between the descendants of Sally Hemings and Thomas Jefferson. This usage is closely related to the use of DNA in criminal investigations detailed above. Indeed, some criminal investigations have been solved when DNA from crime scenes has matched relatives of the guilty individual.
DNA was first isolated by the Swiss physician Friedrich Miescher who, in 1869, discovered a microscopic substance in the pus of discarded surgical bandages. As it resided in the nuclei of cells, he called it "nuclein". In 1919 this discovery was followed by Phoebus Levene's identification of the base, sugar and phosphate nucleotide unit. Levene suggested that DNA consisted of a string of nucleotide units linked together through the phosphate groups. However, Levene thought the chain was short and the bases repeated in a fixed order. In 1937 William Astbury produced the first X-ray diffraction patterns that showed that DNA had a regular structure.
In 1928, Frederick Griffith discovered that traits of the "smooth" form of the Pneumococcus could be transferred to the "rough" form of the same bacteria by mixing killed "smooth" bacteria with the live "rough" form. This system provided the first clear suggestion that DNA carried genetic information, when Oswald Avery, along with coworkers Colin MacLeod and Maclyn McCarty, identified DNA as the transforming principle in 1943. DNA's role in heredity was confirmed in 1952, when Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase in the Hershey-Chase experiment showed that DNA is the genetic material of the T2 phage.
In 1953, based on X-ray diffraction images taken by Rosalind Franklin and the information that the bases were paired, James D. Watson and Francis Crick suggested what is now accepted as the first accurate model of DNA structure in the journal Nature. Experimental evidence for Watson and Crick's model were published in a series of five articles in the same issue of Nature. Of these, Franklin and Raymond Gosling's paper was the first publication of X-ray diffraction data that supported the Watson and Crick model, this issue also contained an article on DNA structure by Maurice Wilkins and his colleagues. In 1962, after Franklin's death, Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. However, debate continues on who should receive credit for the discovery.
In an influential presentation in 1957, Crick laid out the "Central Dogma" of molecular biology, which foretold the relationship between DNA, RNA, and proteins, and articulated the "adaptor hypothesis". Final confirmation of the replication mechanism that was implied by the double-helical structure followed in 1958 through the Meselson-Stahl experiment. Further work by Crick and coworkers showed that the genetic code was based on non-overlapping triplets of bases, called codons, allowing Har Gobind Khorana, Robert W. Holley and Marshall Warren Nirenberg to decipher the genetic code. These findings represent the birth of molecular biology.


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Budgeting is one way to save money. Using coupons is another. If used wisely, you can slash up to 50% off from your normal grocery bill.
Many people have been using coupons for years to cut their grocery bills. You can start saving more too by following these simple tips on how to use grocery coupons to your advantage.
Gather your coupons
There are several sources of coupons out there. Look for them in supermarket websites, manufacturer websites, and Sunday newspapers. There are also coupon racks in some stores that dispense discount vouchers as many as you need.
Many grocery stores also print coupons at the back of your receipt. Check this because they are often great deals you should grab.
There are also many online coupon sites that offer printable coupons. Be cautious however on fraudulent sites that might fetch sensitive information from your computer. Two rules to remember for online coupons:
- Coupons are free so you don't have to pay for them
- Make sure that the coupon has a scannable bar code and an expiration date included.
Also, check if your store accepts printed coupons as few stores don't.
Make a coupon folder
Organize your coupons accordingly. You can implement an existing system that others have used or you can create your own filing system, whichever suits you best.
Save for later
If you come across a coupon for an item that you normally use but you don't need to buy it as of the moment, save it anyway. Put it in your coupon folder for future use.
Avoid over-clipping
Because something has an "$X dollars off" coupon doesn't mean you need to buy it. Many shoppers have a hard time resisting the feel they'll save money if they buy something discounted or on sale even if they don't normally use that item.
Take this for example: You see a coupon for a bed sheet; you keep it and use it later because it says you'll save $5 USD. But, you really don't need it because you have 2 more extra sheets in your cabinet. Just compare saving $5 USD from unnecessary purchase against $20 for not buying the item at all.
Avoid clipping coupons on items you really don't need. Just keep those that you regularly use.
Double coupons
How about getting twice the value off indicated in your coupon? Is that even possible?
Doubling coupons happens when the store doubles the price slashed off the item indicated on your coupon. This automatically triggers when you pay at the register.
Usually, this deal is available for those with loyalty/rewards card of their favorite store. Just remember to present your card before any transaction to make this deal count.
Stores will only double the discount up to a certain amount, so be strategic on how you'll use your coupons. Furthermore, some stores will only double or even triple coupons on certain times of the week or month. Just ask them for further details on coupon policies.
Use it at the right time
Compounding coupons with a store sale can save you more money. Stock up on items that you commonly use when they hit a low price and then use your coupon to even save more.
Watch for price changes. Use your coupon when the item is at a lower price than its normal rate.


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Pfizer wins patent-infringement case against Teva
August 15, 2011
NORFOLK, Va. — Pfizer Inc. has won a patent-infringement case against Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., according to Bloomberg.
The decision by a U.S. federal court prevents Israel-based Teva from marketing a generic version of the anti-impotence drug Viagra until 2019."Protecting the intellectual property rights of our innovative core is critical," Amy Schulman, Pfizer's general counsel, said in a statement. "Friday's court decision acknowledges Teva's clear violation of our patent rights."


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The gay rights movement, as it is popularly known today, came into full swing with the 1969 Stonewall riot. The New York police had a long history of targeting patrons of gay bars for harassment and arrests. In June 1969, they raided the Stonewall Inn, a gay bar in New York's Greenwich Village. When the patrons of the bar resisted, a riot followed that lasted into the next day. The incident prompted the formation of numerous gay rights groups and the organization of marches, demonstrations, and yearly commemorative parades and activities, including the Gay Pride March.
Many people incorrectly assume that the gay rights movement began with the Stonewall riot, when in fact more than 40 gay and lesbian organizations were already in place at that time. Two of the more visible groups in the 1950s and 1960s were the Mattachine Society and the Daughters of Bilitis. After the Stonewall riot, gays and lesbians organized into such political groups and service agencies as Act Up, the Gay Liberation Front, Gay Activists Alliance, Gay and Lesbian Advocates and Defenders, Lesbian Rights Project, National Gay and Lesbian Task Force, National Gay Rights Advocates, and Queer Nation, to name only a few.
Finally, on the topic of gay and lesbian political activism, Warren Blumenfeld and Diane Raymond in their 1993 book Looking at Gay and Lesbian Life (published by Beacon Press) noted that being politically active is risky, and people with few or compromised rights frequently cannot afford to take risks. Nevertheless, to define activism more broadly, any open affirmation of homosexuality in a predominantly heterosexual society is a political act. And the variety of openly lesbian and gay organizations, political groups, and service agencies in existence demonstrates the movement's success, as well as the development of a sense of identity and community, a "consciousness of kind," that has grown out of this movement, dramatically improving the quality of life.
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Costa Mesa, CA (PRWEB) August 22, 2013
Two of the leading names in rehabilitation in Orange County, California are teaming up under a single name to offer the best possible care and individualized recovery programs for men and women. Solid Landings Behavioral Health is the new umbrella organization for its affiliate centers: Sure Haven and Rock Solid Recovery.
The introduction of Solid Landings Behavioral Health also includes the launch of its new website: http://www.solidlandings.com, an informative and easy-to-navigate site to help potential clients get started on the road to recovery. The website will feature links to the specialized programs for men and women, the latest news and information, events, and more.
Solid Landings Behavioral Health will build on the track record of Sure Haven and Rock Solid Recovery, which will continue operating under their names, says Steve Fennelly, President and CEO of Solid Landings Behavioral Health.
"As a person working on my own life-long sobriety and well-being, I know the importance of getting the support needed to regain control over one's life," says Mr. Fennelly. "The recovery programs offered at Solid Landings were developed to provide the direction, support, and tools to achieve the sustainable sobriety that every recovering individual craves."
The key component of Solid Landings Behavioral Health is its offerings of gender-specific treatment programs. Research shows that clients benefit more from targeted therapies, since men and women are impacted differently by addictions. They also offer innovative, individual and group treatment programs that are backed by science and shown by research to aid in recovery.
Mr. Fennelly adds, "We are very excited to launch Solid Landings Behavioral Health as we move to capitalize on our resources and give our clients the most focused, cutting-edge, and individually responsive treatment possible. Solid Landings Behavioral Health was founded on the principles of commitment to service and giving our clients the best leg up in regaining control over their life."
Solid Landings Behavioral Health's treatment programs are certified and licensed by the California Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs (ADP). Affiliates of Solid Landings, Sure Haven and Rock Solid Recovery, are fully staffed by licensed, skilled and experienced specialists committed to helping their clients on their journey to recovery.
Sure Haven, was established in 2009 and provides a safe and structured treatment environment for young women to reach life-long sobriety and to repair physical, emotional, and social damage caused by substance abuse and addictions.
Rock Solid Recovery, launched in 2012, reaches out to young men seeking to turn their back on their addictions by providing an environment and an array of treatment programs that help them reclaim their sense of self-worth.
More information about Solid Landings Behavioral Health and their list of treatment programs and services can be found on their website at http://www.solidlandings.com or by calling 949-467-9213.
About Solid Landings Behavioral Health
Solid Landings Behavioral Health is a private, for-profit corporation, located in Costa Mesa, California. It is the managing organization for its affiliate centers: Sure Haven and Rock Solid Recovery. Solid Landings Behavioral Health was founded on the fundamental principles of commitment, quality care, and individualized recovery programs for men and women. Programs under Solid Landings Behavioral Health are certified and licensed by the California Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs (ADP).


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Jersey Shore
Does Angelina Return to Jersey Shore for Season 6? (VIDEO)
Uh oh! Guess who's back in the picture for Jersey Shore Season 6, Season 6, Episode 9: "Make It Unofficial" (airing Nov. 29)?
Brace for impact because it's gonna be a bumpy ride when Angelina Pivarnick re-joins the crew. Again.
In this MTV video preview for the new episode, JWOWW spots Angelina grinding away at the same club she and her co-stars are chilling at and shouts "Holy sh*t! Angelina's right next to us!"
Ronnie's reaction to the meatball sighting says it all. "I know I ain't chillin' by the dumpster, but I smell trash!" he says.
Angelina's been a particularly sore subject for the gang lately, what with her anti-gay marriage ranting which set JWOWW off on a name-calling tangent, so it should terribly fascinating to see how these guidos and guidettes handle the run-in.
Buzz about Angelina's potential return for the final season has been going on since May, but seeing as Angie didn't get an invite to the cast's Restore the Shore efforts last week, we're predicting it's not going to be happy reunion.
Catch the next new episode of Jersey Shore on Thursday, November 29 at10 p.m. ET/PT on MTV.
Source: MTV
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On my system, it's pretty much a fair test between the Linux native and embedded Studio 3Delight versions…I've still got a dual core, so, both of them are using the same number of cores.
I was doing some renders for an item I'm making, fairly simple scene. In Studio it would take about 20 mins to render, stand alone about 3. I don't have exact times, because I was doing them last week. The funny thing, though, was that sometimes it would take nearly ten minutes to dump the rib…other times it dumped the rib quickly. It seemed to hinge on how long it took to generate the shadowmap. In this case, full raytracing was much faster…
(MODS - We might want to move this out of the Octane thread)
Yeah, that is an issue that I didn't cover… The amount of time necessary to dump the RIB out of DS can be significant. This is especially true if one is using shadowmaps, or complex shaders that need compiling/exncypting that also include textures. Many times the time needed to generate the RIB is significantly greater than the time needed to collect the resources and the rendering combined.
I'm going to try to run some times this evening on the stages, for both Windows, Mac, and Linux.


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Oldies But Goodies
Enjoy these classic Patricia Fripp resources for public speaking and presentation skills.
Audio Programs
The Quantum Leap Speaking Performance Seminar
6 Audio CD Set
This is an intermediate presentation skills school... presented by three world class experts–"Charismatic Keynote Speaker" Patricia Fripp, "Captivating Speech Coach" Mary Beth Roach, M.A. and "Connoisseur Client" Dan Maddux.
What's keeping your speaking career from soaring? Find out and jump to the next level. Change your life as a speaker!
Quantum Leap Performance Seminar for Speakers
The Story Behind Awesome Storytelling
2 Audio CD Set
Patricia Fripp with David Garfinkel, world-class copywriter, and John Cantu, San Francisco comedy legend. What sets the truly great speakers apart from the rest? Quite simply, it's the power of the stories they tell.
Learn how a bout with cancer and a brush with death gave John Cantu a humorous - yet rivoting - keynote he now delivers to audiences of all kinds.
The Story Behind Awesome Storytelling
How to Add Humor to your Presentations
2 downloadable MP3 files
Patricia Fripp introduced the late John Cantu to the world of professional speaking. Fripp invited him to deliver this practical step-by-step guide on how to add humor to your presentations at one of her speaking schools. Cantu is no longer with us, however his advice and wisdom will help sharpen our ability to be funnier forever.
Add Humor to your Presentations
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The New York City Campaign Finance Board (CFB) was created by the Campaign Finance Act (the Act) in 1988. The Act requires that all candidates comply with contribution limits and disclosure requirements. The Act also established the Campaign Finance Program (the Program). Candidates who join the Program also agree to comply with strict expenditure limits, and in return they become eligible to receive public matching funds for their campaigns, based on contributions they raise from NYC residents.
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Vietnam veterans get long-awaited 'welcome home' with Texas Capitol memorial
By Peggy Fikac | March 29, 2014 | Updated: March 29, 2014 10:18pm
Photo By Jay Janner/MBIMembers of the Memorial High School JROTC Minutemen Battalion from San Antonio participate in the dedication of the Texas state Capitol Vietnam Veterans Monument in Austin.
Photo By Jay Janner/Associated PressTexas Gov. Rick Perry speaks at the dedication of the Texas state Capitol Vietnam Veterans Monument in Austin, Texas, Saturday March 29, 2014. The dedication Saturday morning marks the 41st anniversary of the last U.S. troops leaving South Vietnam. About a half-million Texans served in the war, with more than 3,400 losing their lives and 105 still missing in action. (AP Photo/Austin American-Statesman, Jay Janner)
Photo By Jay Janner/MBIVietnam veteran Frank Cortez salutes during the national anthem at Saturday's the dedication of the Texas state Capitol Vietnam Veterans Monument in Austin.
AUSTIN - The dedication of the Vietnam Veterans Monument at the Texas Capitol on Saturday highlighted the pain, pride and solidarity of those who served in an unpopular conflict.
"They fought, they bled, all too often they died for their country. When they came home, there wasn't any parades. There weren't any picnics. Instead they were treated with indifference or, even worse, with outright scorn," said Gov. Rick Perry.
Perry said the bronze sculpture of an infantry patrol, unveiled before a throng of veterans, will "stand as a declaration that in Texas, we understand how blessed we are to have warriors ready to step forward and draw a line between us and those who would do harm to our citizens."
He noted "the many Vietnamese nationals who fought alongside us throughout that war."
Perry - an Air Force veteran who served between 1972 and 1977 flying C-130 tactical airlift in the U.S., Europe and the Middle East - formally accepted the monument on the state's behalf from Robert Floyd, chairman of a committee composed of Vietnam vets who raised money for the $2.2 million monument and oversaw its production.
State Sen. Juan "Chuy" Hinojosa - a McAllen Democrat who co-sponsored the monument authorization legislation with state Rep. Wayne Smith, R-Baytown, a fellow Vietnam veteran - said he "felt chills in my body" when the monument was unveiled.
"Welcome home, and God bless you all," Hinojosa told the crowd. His Marines squad included people from around the country - including, he said with fond amusement, "two hillbillies from West Virginia who could make some moonshine."
They came from all walks of life but became a family willing to die for one other, their nation and their way of life, he said.
State Sen. Leticia Van de Putte of San Antonio, the Democratic nominee for lieutenant governor, spoke at the event, as did Lt. Gov. David Dewhurst, who is in a runoff with state Sen. Dan Patrick of Houston for the GOP nomination for the job.
"We will always remember. We will always honor. And this monument allows us, for future generations, to learn," said Van de Putte, who heads the Senate Veteran Affairs and Military Installations Committee.
She cited heroes including two Medal of Honor recipients from San Antonio who were honored at the White House this month - Vietnam veterans Jose Rodela and Santiago Erevia.
Erevia and his wife attended the dedication ceremony, and Van de Putte recognized them as the crowd applauded.
Dog tags personalized for 3,417 Texans who died or were unaccounted-for are inside the monument.
"You defined what it is to be an American, and what it is to be a Texan," said Dewhurst, who served in the Air Force from 1967-70 and also worked in the CIA.


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Eating Out
Foodie spots in Las Vegas?
Does anyone know any foodie spots in Las Vegas? Preferably downtown or in a neighboring town like Henderson? I'm looking for something great, but off the strip... Thank you!!
Talk is closed, but that doesn't mean the conversations have to stop!
Check out this post for a more thorough explanation, and jump onto our Facebook page or our Twitter feed to keep the conversations going!


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Deeplinks Blog posts about Broadcasting Treaty
The UN's World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) has just finished another round of deliberations on a new treaty. Although the draft treaty is nominally about Broadcasters' rights, most of the discussion focused on proposals to create new rights over Internet transmissions: the US's proposal to extend the treaty to "webcasting", and the European Union's pitch for "simulcasting" rights, covering retransmission of broadcasts and cablecasts over the Internet.
Today at WIPO saw a flat-out disgraceful cooking of the deliberative process. The administrators of the meeting -- the chair and secretariat -- are pushing hard to make this treaty pass, even if no one wants it to. The solution to the deadlock is "regional meetings" in which countries that oppose the treaty can be isolated and arm-twisted into coming into line, and where few or no public-interest NGOs will be present. Some of the most populous countries in the world -- India and Brazil -- along with many others called for a better approach: any region that wants a meeting can have one, but the real action would be at an "inter-sessional meeting" held in Geneva, with all countries represented.
Let me try to convey to you the depth of the weirdness that arose when all the public-interest groups' papers were stolen and trashed at WIPO. No one gets into the WIPO building without being accredited and checked over, so this was almost certainly someone who was working on the treaty -- in other words, a political opponent (none of the documents promoting the Broadcast Treaty were touched).
As the Indian delegation put it, WIPO is an organization based on information. For someone who believes in an information-protection instrument like the Broadcast Treaty to sabotage the negotiation by hiding information from the delegates is bizarre. The people who run the table were shocked silly -- this has apparently never happened before at WIPO.
Here's today's notes from WIPO -- what a doozy. Luckily, we had the largest-ever coalition of public-interest activsts in the building, which meant that three or four of us could collaborate on the note taking while other lobbied, prepped presentations, and stood guard over the literature table, whence malefactors unknown were regularily scooping up all the public-interest position papers and handouts and thowing them out/hiding them in the toilets. The outcome was great -- I think there's a really good chance that "webcasting" won't make it into the treaty tomorrow, which means that however bad this may be, at least it won't directly touch the Internet.
I've been at the UN's World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) for the past two days, in Geneva, Switzerland, attending the negotiations over the Broadcasting Treaty, which has the power to lock up the public domain and break the web. There's a bunch of us copyfighters here, and we're methodically noting all the events and undertakings as they unfold. It's been full of drama -- all of the handouts set out by the "public interest" groups (e.g., us, civil society coalition, IP Justice, Union for the Public Domain) were repeatedly stolen and pitched into the trashcans in the bathrooms! Click through to get the whole story: the gory transcript of the nations of the world being duped into shafting their citizenry to defend the narrow interests of a few companies.
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A tiny, ugly bug that eats dead skin cells — ew! This one was magnified to 150 times its actual size.
Some homes contain millions of them. They can cause allergic reactions in some people and bring on asthma attacks.
What to expect when coming to Akron Children's
For healthcare providers and nurses
Residency & Fellowships, Medical Students, Nursing and Allied Health
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Our online community that provides inspirational stories and helpful information.


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GCS was initially used to assess level of consciousness after head injury, and the scale is now used by first aid, EMS and doctors as being applicable to all acute medical and trauma patients. In hospital it is also used in chronic patient monitoring, in for instance, intensive care.
The scale was published in 1974 by Graham Teasdale and Bryan J. Jennett, professors of neurosurgery at the University of Glasgow. The pair went on to author the textbook Management of Head Injuries (FA Davis 1981, ISBN 0-8036-5019-1), a celebrated work in the field.
GCS is used as part of several ICU scoring systems, including APACHE II, SAPS II, and SOFA, to assess the status of the central nervous system. A similar scale, the Rancho Los Amigos Scale is used to assess the recovery of traumatic brain injury patients.
|Does not open eyes
|Opens eyes in response to painful stimuli
|Opens eyes in response to voice
|Opens eyes spontaneously
|Makes no sounds
|Incomprehensible sounds
|Utters inappropriate words
|Confused, disoriented
|Oriented, converses normally
|Makes no movements
|Extension to painful stimuli
|Abnormal flexion to painful stimuli
|Flexion / Withdrawal to painful stimuli
|Localizes painful stimuli
|Obeys Commands
The scale comprises three tests: eye, verbal and motor responses. The three values separately as well as their sum are considered. The lowest possible GCS (the sum) is 3 (deep coma or death), while the highest is 15 (fully awake person).
Generally, comas are classified as:
Intubation and severe facial/eye swelling or damage, make it impossible to test the verbal and eye responses. In these circumstances, the score is given as 1 with a modifier attached e.g. 'E1c' where 'c' = closed, or 'V1t' where t = tube. A composite might be 'GCS 5tc'. This would mean, for example, eyes closed because of swelling = 1, intubated = 1, leaving a motor score of 3 for 'abnormal flexion'.
The GCS has limited applicability to children, especially below the age of 36 months (where the verbal performance of even a healthy child would be expected to be poor). Consequently the Paediatric Glasgow Coma Scale, a separate yet closely related scale, was developed for assessing younger children.


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City may add positions, up wages
March 25, 2011 at 7:00 pm in The Dickinson Press
Since Dickinson's needs have changed dramatically over the last year, city officials are looking at doing a "reforecast" of the 2011 city budget. The process will help them determine if a wage increase for city employees and additional positions in city departments are needed this year.
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AMANA, Iowa - An Amana man suffered non-life threatening injuries in a Saturday crash.
The Linn County Sheriff's office said it happened at Highway 13 and Secrist Road about 11:15 Saturday morning.
Investigators said 30-year-old Matthew Doser was northbound when his car slid into the intersection and hit an eastbound vehicle.
The sheriff's office said charges are pending. The crash remains under investigation.
Cedar Rapids, Iowa News, Sports, and Weather