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- Feature Story (2)
- Opinion (2)
- Press Release (8)
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- South Asia (12)
- The World Region (11)
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Growing Innovation
BeneficiariesStella Kariuki, who participated in infoDev's Mobile Startup Camp, founded Zege Technologies in 2010 to offer small and medium enterprises (SMEs) pay-bill numbers and mobile money point of... Show More +
Are Gender Norms Changing? 4,000 Women and Men in 20 Countries Weigh In
In a village in Tanzania, for example, women are now making clay pots and growing vegetables to sell at market. The work is generating income, but within the community, it is viewed as an extension of... Show More +
Transcript: Development Committee Press Conference
MR. MILLS: Well, thank you very much for joining us for this closing press conference. Our participants will each make an opening statement and then we'll take... Show More +
Transcript of Opening Press Conference with World Bank Group President Robert Zoellick
MR. MILLS: Good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining us for our World Bank Group press conference for the 2012 Spring Meetings. Joining me this morning is the President of the World Bank... Show More +
Zoellick Congratulates Dr. Jim Yong Kim as New World Bank Group President
Washington, April 16, 2012 — World Bank Group President Robert B. Zoellick today congratulated Dr. Jim Yong Kim for being chosen to become the 12th president of the development institution and offered... Show More +
Statement from Dr. Jim Yong Kim regarding his selection by the World Bank's Executive Directors as 12th President of the World Bank
WASHINGTON, April 16, 2012 - Dr. Jim Yong Kim today released a statement in response to his selection by the World Bank's Executive Directors as 12th President of the World Bank: "I am honored to... Show More +
World Bank's Executive Directors Select Dr. Jim Yong Kim 12th President of the World Bank Group
WASHINGTON, April 16, 2012 - The Executive Directors met today to select a new President of the World Bank Group. The Board expressed its deep gratitude for Mr. Robert B. Zoellick's outstanding leadership... Show More +
OPED: Europe is distracted by endless firewall talk
Policy makers under pressure can get preoccupied with the fixation of the moment. For the eurozone, that idée fixe has been "the firewall". How big is big enough? Who contributes and how?Now that the eurozone... Show More +
Moldova: Encouraging Young Women in Business
In addition, a presentation was made about the main findings of a report titled "Women, Business and the Law" for the Eastern Europe and Central Asia region. Produced jointly by the World Bank and the... Show More +
OPED: Women: Let's Not Leave It to the Next Generation
In palatial rooms at the Berlaymont, Brussels, EU finance ministers have been discussing how to save the Eurozone and balance growth with austerity. Across the globe in Mexico City, G-20 ministers have... Show More +
Equal Opportunities for Men and Women Important for Growth in Emerging Europe and Central Asia
Istanbul, December 6, 2011 – Achieving gender equality can help support economic development and prosperity in the countries of Emerging Europe and Central Asia, says a new World Bank report, "Opportunities... Show More +
World Bank-IFC Report Finds Government Reforms Enhance Economic Opportunities for Women, but Greater Strides Needed
Washington, September 26, 2011—A new report from the World Bank and IFC released today finds that women still face legal and regulatory hurdles to fully participating in the economy. Women, Business... Show More +
ບົດລາຍງານຂອງ ທະນາຄານໂລກ ແລະ ອົງການ ການເງິນສາກົນ ເຫັນວ່າ ການປະຕິຮູບຕ່າງໆຂອງ ລັດຖະບານ ຈະເສີມຂະຫຍາຍ ໂອກາດທາງດ້ານເສດຖະກິດ ຂອງ ແມ່ຍິງ ແຕ່ວ່າຕ້ອງ ໄດ້ສູ້ຊົນເອົາໃຈໄສ່ຕໍ່ໄປ.
ກຸງ ວໍຊິງຕັນ, ວັນທີ 26 ກັນຍາ 2011- ບົດລາຍງານສະບັບໃໝ່ ຈາກ ທະນາຄານໂລກ ແລະ ອົງການ ການເງິນສາກົນ ທີ່ ເຜີຍແຜ່ອອກສູ່ສາທາລະນະຊົນໃນມື້ນີ້ ຊີ້ໃຫ້ເຫັນວ່າ ແມ່ຍິງຍັງມີການສືບຕໍ່ປະເຊີນກັບອຸປະສັກ ດ້ານກົດໝາຍ ແລະ ລະບຽບການເພື່ອປະກອບສ່ວນ... Show More +
Gender Equality: the Right and Smart Thing to Do – World Bank Report
Despite impressive gains in gender equality, nearly 4 million poor women "missing" each year in developing countriesWASHINGTON, September 18, 2011 – Gender equality matters in its own right but is also... Show More +
Seeking Collaboration and Shared Knowledge, League of Arab States and World Bank Group Agree on Economic Integration Agenda
Sharm el-Sheikh, January 18, 2011 – To strengthen and enhance collaboration in the areas of economic and social development in the Arab World, the League of Arab States (LAS) and the World Bank Group today... Show More +


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Created from an original painting, the Buffalo Print captures the rugged buffalo in exquisite detail, with special attention to its textured hide. This print is a special piece to hang in your home or a distinct gift for a friend who loves the natural beauty of this national treasure.
Unframed. Printed on high quality, 25% cotton cover paper stock with an Epson R1900 printer. Shipped flat in a protective sleeve with backing board.
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subset: commoncrawl


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INSTEAD of giving people antibiotics, doctors may soon give them a dose of genetically engineered superviruses instead. Researchers have turned the natural viruses that infect bacteria into much more efficient killers. Such viruses, or bacteriophages, are harmless to humans. They only attack specific bacteria, into which they inject their genetic material, forcing the cells to make more viruses. Eventually, the infected cells burst open, releasing all the new viruses.
Since the 1920s, phages have been used to treat infections in people, animals and even plants. But the technique has never really caught on. One problem is that the natural viruses have evolved to replicate themselves, rather than to kill cells. So researchers in the US have adapted a technique usually used in gene therapyto introduce genes into human cellsto deliver a lethal message to disease-causing bugs.
The technique could treat deadly antibiotic-resistant infections in people with severe burns, cystic fibrosis ...
To continue reading this article, subscribe to receive access to all of newscientist.com, including 20 years of archive content.


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Hoosiers Take On Michigan State This Saturday
March 28, 2008
BLOOMINGTON, Ind. - The Indiana University men's tennis team journeys to East Lansing on Saturday for a Big Ten match versus #70 Michigan State (11-6, 0-3 Big Ten), scheduled to begin at noon eastern time. #44 Indiana (11-4, 1-1) has won four straight over the Spartans and hold a 50-19 advantage in the all-time series with the last loss coming back in 2003.
"Michigan State is having a very solid year," said Head Coach Randy Bloemendaal. "Their home courts can be difficult to play on and they have a strong group of upperclassmen who always play well at home." (MSU has won 10 straight matches at home)
The Hoosiers have captured the doubles point in 13 of their first 15 doubles matches and will face a large challenge in that category on Saturday. Michigan State has a pair of doubles tandems nationally-ranked with Nick Rinks and Adam Monich slotted at 11th in the country while Alex Forger and Billy Gardner are 59th coming off a win over the 7th-ranked doubles team in their last match. Indiana's Peter Antons and Santiago Gruter have posted a 19-3 overall record together, including a 10-1 mark in dual matches.
"We had a very good week of practice to prepare for the match," said Bloemendaal. "Our guys should be ready for the challenge."
Four of IU's six singles starters have already amassed double-digit win totals through the first 15 duals. Michael McCarthy and Gruter lead the way with 11 singles W's apiece. McCarthy has not only racked up a high quantity of wins, but is also posting high quality wins. In each of the Hoosiers' four 4-3 wins this season, the Cincinnati native has provided one point with a win in his individual singles match. Three of those clutch team victories came against other nationally-ranked opponents in #30 North Carolina State, #47 Kentucky and #65 Southern Methodist.
Live match updates will be available for the match via the men's tennis schedule page on IUHoosiers.com.
Check back soon


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The antique shades of blush, sage and bronze are just right.
Indeed, the artwork, antique furniture, and vintage jewelry at auction here were, for the most part, not six-figure items.
Fully when I got that call I was at an antique mall with my mom.
1530s, "aged, venerable," from Middle French antique "old" (14c.), from Latin antiquus (later anticus) "ancient, former, of olden times; old, long in existence, aged; venerable; old-fashioned," from PIE *anti in sense of "before" (see ante) + *okw- "appearance" (see eye (n.)). Originally pronounced in English like its parallel antic, but French pronunciation and spelling were adopted from c.1700.
"an old and collectible thing," 1771, from antique (adj.).
"to give an antique appearance to," 1896, from antique (adj.). Related: Antiqued; antiquing.


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Enslaved has the all the key ingredients to being a great game with a gripping story that will largely go unnoticed. In the midst of a shopping season packed with big-name sequels, is this new kid on the block worth putting your money down?
Regardless of any skepticism you might have, Enslaved: Odyssey to the West is surely worth your time.
You take on the role of Monkey: a lone brawler with a knack for staying alive in Enslaved's mech-infested dystopian wilds. Captured and kept prisoner on a slave ship, an opportunity to break free arrives when another slave frees herself from her bonds, inadvertently releasing him also. As Monkey scrambles to escape before the vessel crash-lands, his path becomes entwined with hers and he is bound to her by a controlling mechanism, an unwitting servant. Monkey must help Trip get home, whether he likes it or not, and their path is rife with danger.
Enslaved is, first and foremost, a great tale. It's a little on the short side, but feels perfectly paced despite all that. It's also equal parts platforming and fighting, neither of which are especially challenging but exciting nonetheless. The platforming portions of the game are almost always a series of simple jumps that demand little to no skill. It's really okay, though, as they weren't designed to pressure you so much as they were put there to be flashy. Granted, there's little sense of danger when you can't fall or don't need to time your jumps, but it's still fun and looks great as you help Monkey clear giant gaps and scale impossible heights.
Fighting is pretty straightforward and, while initially simple, eventually blossoms into a more strategic and rewarding thing as you collect weapon upgrades and augment your abilities. Enemies are varied enough to stay interesting and most combat scenarios require some thought to get through proper. Enslaved is less interested in making you struggle than it is in making you want to see the story unfold.
The Most Beautiful Wasteland: Rather than drawing on the clichéd landscapes of established post-apocalyptia, Enslaved portrays an Earth where nature has flourished in the absence of man. Much of your journey will be spent in vernal cityscapes where steel wreckage is entwined with lush and beautiful scenery. The reds, greens, and clear blue skies are pleasing to the eye and in stark contrast to the calculating mechs that hunt you tirelessly. This juxtaposition makes for a great aesthetic, one that compliments Enslaved's desolate mood quite nicely.
Expressive Characters: Monkey and Trip are convincingly human and the many cutscenes where they interact are fantastically done. The motion capture and facial expressions stand out as believable and excellent. Not only that, the voice work is top notch and watching the characters' relationship develop is often just like watching a good movie. Perhaps the greatest reason to play through Enslaved is getting to know the protagonists and understand their motivations.
Engaging Story: Enslaved's narrative doesn't dwell on explanation. It constantly moves forward, giving you just enough information to make your own conclusion about the events leading to the fall of man. In fact, most of Enslaved's backstory is delivered entirely through implication. And that's not a detriment at all, considering Enslaved's story manages to always stay poignant and hooks you like any good book. With characters this interesting in a world this unforgiving, you'll constantly want to know what happens next. From start to finish, Enslaved has a great and theatrical flair for urgency.
Cathartic and Brutal Combat: Monkey is a highly animated combatant, and while battling mechs may feel simplistic at times, it's all forgiven when Monkey deals the killing blow and his face flashes onscreen; a visage so feral and determined that you can't help but feel a little brutal yourself. Many of the takedown sequences are exciting to watch and produce a satisfying sense of victory.
Technical Mess: The biggest culprit in hampering your enjoyment of Enslaved are its technical shortcomings. The graphics are wonderful but always feel too ambitious due to persistent screen-tearing and noticeable frame rate chugging. It's the biggest blemish on an otherwise solid game.
Questionable Controls: Battles can sometimes feel a little out of your hands due to drawn-out attack animations and input delay. You can certainly adapt to it, but out of the gate it will feel strange and even after you're accustomed to the controls, combat will still manage to feel clunky at times. Some tighter, more responsive controls would have been appreciated.
Enslaved: Odyssey to the West succeeds in grabbing you from the start and holding you until its exciting, but strange, conclusion. It's a winsome accomplishment and developer Ninja Theory has done something really good here. It might not have the marketing muscle to get the kind of attention it deserves, but those who do take a chance with Enslaved are sure to get their money's worth. The captivating story will drive you on, always, and the characters will earn your sympathy and concern. With so many things done right, we can only hope that this is the beginning of a world we can revisit in the future.
We feel our scores are accurate in reflecting a game's general satisfaction of play but understand that some might prefer to see a more detailed explanation of our rating system. Click here to learn more about our game rating methodology.Tweet
About the Author
|Mark A. Brooks uses the A. initial in his name so as to seperate himself from the teeming legions of other Mark Brookses (there are at least 65,000 in the state of Michigan alone).
Keep up with him on twitter, because why not. @unoriginalG
Mark A. Brooks has written 642 posts on Delta Attack.


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If it's a day ending in y, you can bet that at least one of the Kardashian family members is hawking some product. Today it's Khloe, who is hoping that you'll shell out your hard earned money on some sort of tanning solution (or maybe use it to baste a turkey, I can't be bothered to check). But the Khlo's relentless product placement isn't what bothers me…it's her hair:
I realize that braids are tres in this season, but these, darlings, ARE CORNROWS. Lame, embarrassing, I-just-got-back-from-Jamaica-and-this-seemed-like-a-cool-idea-at-the-time cornrows. And thanks to the half-head weave, Khloe winds up looking like a hybrid of Kevin Federline with Skrillex.
The lesson here loves is to stick with regular braids and fishtail plaits. Any other variation should stay in the Caribbean where it belongs…XOXO.


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The PPE-01 Gear Pac™ provides lightweight and economical protection against a broad spectrum of chemicals. Example uses include mixing, loading and applying agricultural chemicals, working in related cleanups and general industrial environments.
The PPE-02 Gear Pac™ provides splash protection against chemicals. Ideal for lightweight accidental spills, sprays and splashes of acids, bases and other liquid chemicals. Examples include chemical cleanups or operating in industrial labs.


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RTW on a thumper... Round the World ADVenturization
View Single Post
out riding...
Joined: Feb 2011
Location: round the world
Oddometer: 2,271
Originally Posted by
I read your report, Going back through it with a pad and pin , For my little trip,coming in November.
I notice you have your gear on and looking around at the people it has to be hot there,, Do you have ice in your pockets?
Is the gear that good to keep you cool, Are you just real tough,,,,,
and what clothing gear do you recommend....
I got my note pad out , The back account may say no!!! Some of that Klim is high dollar stuff.
riding gear is a real debatable subject, different brands, different textiles, different claims of what they will do for you as a rider...so i 'll give you my take on it
for me personally the weather hot or cold doesn't really bother me too much either way, i lived in hot climates for years, 12 years in Nevada, then more years in Morocco, Kenya, Bahamas all really hot places, but one thing if you can get used is wearing enough clothes. Fully vented clothes or mesh gear is good when moving except it will dehydrate you a lot, so an under layer is really required (your thermal liner) and keeping it done up all the time if you can bear it, i know it sounds strange that wearing more goes against logic.
This is where the dehydration comes in and you can avoid to some extent as when you stop yes you will sweat but once you start moving you will cool down again and your sweat will act in you favor and create an evaporative cooling type effect, think swamp cooler wind over water, your wet skin will cool you down as the breeze goes up your sleeves, keep everything closed and this will last longer...obviously wetting your shirt down will act as the same thing, or a cooling vest is good.
no for the reason for Klim or some equivalent high dollar gear...
if you ride a lot, for me 63,000 in the last 22 months for example, you will wear a lot of brands gear out, literally and you will replace it, so do this a few times and you end up at Klim, the quality far exceeds the cheap companies and if you had bought it in the first place you would be ahead of the game (dollar wise) and it does perform better, much better, holds up better in an off, quality and price by design i guess i'm saying here - i am a good example of this, i have worn out most of my gear and have new Klim gear sitting waiting to go for the next segment of my ride
for cold weather...as long as my hand are warm i'm good - so heated grips
just remember if its not Goretex and some companies alternate version of it, then its not Goretex and it won't work the same even if they claim it will
hope all this rambling helps
The most extreme off-road ride you can do in the USA in one summer maybe???
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Vegetarian without Soy?
Today is a new start for me on vegetarian eating. Can I be a vegetarian without eating soy??
Talk is closed, but that doesn't mean the conversations have to stop!
Check out this post for a more thorough explanation, and jump onto our Facebook page or our Twitter feed to keep the conversations going!


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- Posted By: Jaime Adler
- Written by: Sheila Barry, UCCE Advisor Santa Clara County
Public land managers and livestock operators often question whether or not open space management objectives including public access for recreation are compatible with livestock grazing. Public concerns ranging from the potential environmental degradation to fear of conflict have led some public land managers to limit or curtail the use of grazing on open spaces public lands. For example in 2009, officials from the City of Walnut Creek decided to end grazing in two parks based on park users' complaints of cattle trampling trails and "increases in attacks by cattle on dogs and people. Cattle had grazed these parks for decades for weed abatement and the decision came after years of public outcry (TriValley 2009).
Studies have shown that perceptions of livestock use of public lands are associated with type of recreational pursuit, land classification, environmental beliefs, and demographics. Sanderson et al. 1986 found that the more experience recreationalist had on grazed lands the less likely they had negative perceptions of grazing. Brunson and Gilbert 2003 documented that hikers were more likely to feel negatively toward livestock use in a Grand Staircase Escalante National Monument than hunters. Research has also shown rural and urban divide in attitudes and beliefs, especially when the rural economy depends on rangelands. Little is known about the attitudes of the urban public recreating on grazed park lands. In particular how widespread is fear, how is fear dealt with, and how do they feel about "natural landscapes" managed with grazing cattle.
Land managers increasingly recognize the value of grazing as a land management tool (Barry et al., 2007). But where public access is also a priority they must also be able to address public concerns. Land Managers need information about the perceptions that recreational visitors have regarding cattle. By understanding the concerns managers are better equipped to address recreation/grazing conflicts and educate the public.
With the exponential growth in social media and the willingness of people to share ideas with internet communities there is a growing interest in what we can gleem from a photo sharing website like Flickr.comTM. Past efforts to learn from Flickr data have focused largely on tagging and geospatial information (Kennedy et al. 2007). Recent efforts have followed earlier work on understanding the social use of personal photography (Harrison 2004, ) and now, image-sharing (Van House 2007). This project used this rich data set found on Flickr to understand perceptions of cattle grazing on park lands by addressing the following questions:
- When people visit public lands with grazing livestock present, what do they photogragh?
- How do park users respond when they encounter and choose to photograph something seemingly undesirable or potentially frightening i.e. cow pies, a rutted trail, cows on the trail?
A data set (Table 1) was developed from photos and associated comments posted on Flickr using location and subject as search terms.
Table 1. Data sets developed from Flickr
Data sets
Search terms
Number of photos
Number of photographers
Grazing in Parks
33 parks in Alameda, Contra Costa, and Santa Clara counties
cow, cows, grazing
Photo information in the date set included photo date, posting date, photographer's name, photo name, photo comments by photographer, posted comments and commenter's name. Photo titles and all comments were categorized for each data set in the following categories: descriptive, photo quality statement, positive cow, positive grazing, positive landscape, negative cowt, negative landscape, fear (perceived i.e. not based on an actual event), fear (actual i.e. included a description of an event).
When people visit public lands with grazing livestock present, what do they photograph?
More specifically, what do people who post photos from parks with grazing include in photo comments or photograph title?
Photo Elements
Number of photos
% of photos (n=1087) with this element
Dogs and cow(s)
People and cow(s)
Cow pies
Landscape photo
How do park users respond when they encounter and choose to photograph and post something seemingly undesirable i.e. cow pies, a rutted trail?
Although 2% of the photos included cows pies in the photos and one picture featured a rutted trail, few comments were made about either of these elements. Comments were matter-of-fact in nature including:
No doubt about it, the cows were here;
Lots of cow poop;
A bumpy path;
How do park users respond when they encounter and choose to photograph and/ or reflect on something potentially frightening (i.e. cows on trails)?
Approximately 5 % (n= 43) of the comments from photos in grazed parks expressed fear of the cattle including comments like these:
I try to conquer my fear of cows by photographing them;
Watch out for those cows;
Got it close to this cow for this shot. You can see she's giving me the stink eye here so I put the camera away;
The cows scared us to death;
Beware! Mad cows!
This is the cow that blocked our path! Would you want to cross him;
I told them I'm a vegetarian and they let me go;
He wasn't too keen about being photographed. In addition to the unfriendly stare, he made menacing noises;
A cow that was not happy to see us and almost chased us;
We turned back here as the cow as on the trail path;
We turned around when we were faced with the option of having to walk right through a herd of cows;
Only seven comments ( <1%) included a description of an actual event with "aggressive" animal. These comments described being chased, for example:
Ahh,we were chased last weekend by a young male-err;
At least these cows didn't chase us like last week's did;
Happy cows may come from California, but bored cows come from Fremont. I actually tried to have a picnic-but then a bull comes charging us. We got up and ran for our lives. Our bread, cheese and blanket didn't make it;
How do shared photos and comments from grazed public lands compare to photos and comments from nearby ungrazed public lands?
Overall, most comments could be categorized as descriptive (637 from 934 comments). Examples of descriptive comments include:
- Lots of wildflowers and cows. Hello tiny cows on the hillside.
- Taken at Lake Del Valle.
- Cow pool party.
- I don't know why but I thought cows in CA where kept indoors. (Points to a need for education!)
- A cow grazing….
- They are pastured to keep the fire danger low
- Cow munchin on some grass near the lake
However there were far more positive cow and grazing comments than negative cow comments ( 126 versus 8).
Positive subject cow and grazing comments included:
- Wonderful to see cows being just cows and happy ones. Beautiful scene.;
- Superb…love the cow;
- Beautiful spring at Morgan Territory. Green grass, clouds and the cows.;
- As much as I struggled over the steep hills on this hike, all the grazing cattle and howling coyotes made it worth the sweat.
- Oh I just love fuzzy winter cows
- Happy cows eating grass not corn
- I went on a really long hike and saw some cool thing from meadows to steephills to trees, cows and interesting rock forms
- Cows happily range over the lands of Sunol Regional Wilderness, keeping down the fuel load
- The sign said that cows have been known to nudge hikers when startled. Its hard to picture a cow nudging a hiker. I doubt that would be the adjective I would use to describe it if I saw it happen. Generally they are scared of hikers and actually help to spread sees, control non-native plants and overall keep a healthy preserve. I kind of like sharing the green hills with them.
Examples of negativecow comments include: it's a little anti-climatic when you hike uphill for 2 hours and see a herd of cows upon arrival.
- However this kind of landscape also attracts a lot of cows which seem to have more priviledges than me in roaming around
- The only downside was/is that there are cows grazing there a lot and hence: cow patties! Many of the dogs had a taste and all rolled in cow poop quite thoroughly.
Questions to be further analyzed include:
How do shared photos and comments from grazed public lands compare to photos and comments of other subjects that people may find environmentally negative or fearful such as smog or snakes?
How do the type of comments compare to shared photos and comments about other parks with and without grazing?
Discussion and Implications
Is there overwhelmingly negative public opinion towards grazing on public lands as suggested by the article in the TriValley newspaper (Walnut Creek, CA) in 2009? Park users visiting grazed park parks in the Bay Area and sharing their photos didn't seem to express this opinion. They largely shared descriptions and positive comments about the cattle they saw and the grazed landscape. In addition recent events in Walnut Creek indicate that there is some strong public opinion in support of grazing.. The Contra Costa Times reported in June 2011 that 150 park neighbors in Walnut Creek Open Space park signed a petition that requesting that the cows return to graze the park lands. They neighbors fear potential wildfire from the resulting unmanaged growth of vegetation. The grazing supporters also spoke at a Park Commission meeting where they outnumbered those opposed to the cattle returning 23 to 6.
While park managers have implemented some strategies to reduce public/cattle conflict including signage and timing of grazing, there are undoubtedly opportunities for improved public outreach. Park visitors would benefit from not only understanding the biological value of managed grazing programs but also from better information on livestock behavior and how to interact with livestock they may encounter. Continued education of our urban audience will be essential if livestock grazing is going to continue to be a viable took for managing open space lands.
Literature Cited
Barry, S. T.Schohr, and K. Sweet. 2007. The California Rangeland Conservation Coalition. Rangelands. 29(3):31-34.
Brunson,M. W. and L. Gilbert. 2003. Recreationist responses to livestock grazing in a new national monument. J. Range Manage. 56 (6): 570-576.
Harrison, B. 2004. Snap Happy: Toward a Sociology of "Everyday" Photography. In: C. Pole (Eds), Seeing is Believing? Approaches to Visual Research. Studies of Qualitative Methodolgy, Volume 7: 23-39.
Kennedy, L., M. Naaman, S. Ahern, R.Nair, T. Rattenbury. 2007. How Flickr Helps us Make Sense of the World: Context and Content in Community-Contributed Media Collections. MM'07, September 23-28,2007, Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany.
Sanderson, R.H., R.A. Meganck, and K.C. Gibbs. 1986. Range management and scenic beauty as perceived by dispersed recreationist. J. Range Manage. 39:464-469.
Van House, N. A. 2007. Flickr and Public Image-Sharing: Distant Closeness and Photo Exhibition. CHI 2007, April 28-May 3, 2007, San Jose, CA, USA.
- Posted By: Jaime Adler
- Written by: Greg Giusti, UCCE Forest Advisor
Understanding the Role of History on California's Oak Forests
In his book The Destruction of California, Ray Dassmann (1965) chronicled the dramatic impact land-use practices have had on wildlife populations throughout California during the past 150 years. He articulates the impacts from the loss of wetlands, forest conversion and urban expansion on a number of economically important wildlife species. In his book, he quotes an early California pioneer, A. B. Clark (1852) who recorded the abundance of vertebrate diversity that was so apparent in the early days of exploration. Mr. Clark wrote, " I have no where seen game as plenty as in the (central) valley. We killed an antelope in the morning. We could frequently see herds of deer and elk in different directions around us, as well as wild horses". Today, concentrations of deer, elk and waterfowl populations can be found in remnant habitats distributed in small, isolated patches throughout the valley.
More recently, Walter (1998) provides a complete overview of how past land-use practices have changed the landscape of California so dramatically that in some cases counties "have lost their natural heritage" and are mere remnants of their past biological richness. Brown et. al. (1994) and Marchetti and Moyle (1995) have outlined the once abundant numbers of salmon and how historical land-use practices directly impacted anadromous fisheries and how the legacy of these practices continues to impact these species. They specifically identify water diversions and related watershed degradation caused by past and on-going human activities as the direct cause of these declines. Moyle et. al. (1994) has identified as many as 10 anadromous species (including salmon, steelhead trout, lamprey, sturgeon, smelt) that meet the scientific criteria necessary for special protective status.
The common thread binding the terrestrial and aquatic inhabitants of pre-settlement California is the fact that many of these species were found in areas that we commonly referred to as oak (Quercus) woodlands. In many cases, the abundance that has been chronicled illustrates the importance of oak habitats to many of the species which spent a significant portion of their life history living in, or migrating through, oak woodlands. Because of their ubiquitous distribution oaks have been impacted throughout California during the past century. An early account written by Willis Linn Jepson (1909) states; "In some regions where the horticultural development has been rapid or the needs of an increasing population urgent, extensive areas have been cleared to make room for orchards or gardens, and scarcely a [valley oak] tree remains to tell the story of the old time monarchs of the soil, in other regions the destruction has not been so complete" (Pavlik et. al. 1991). Modern day land-use impacts on oak woodlands continue through urbanization and the conversion of oak woodlands to intensive agriculture.
California's History of Forest Policy toward Oaks
In 1885, the Governor of California approved an act that authorized the appointment of a three-man State Board of Forestry, the first such body in the nation. Because of a lack of clear statutory authority and minimal budgeting, the original Board was only able to act in an educational and advisory capacity. By 1905, the Board of Forestry was supplemented by creation of the post of State Forester and in 1927 the Division of Forestry was organized.
In 1947, the original Forest Practice Act was passed by the State Legislature. Although the responsibilities and powers of the Board under the old act were less than they are today, the 1947 Act laid important foundations of experience and procedure which led to further development for the Board.
Throughout the period of the 1950s and 1960s, the Board of Forestry functioned under the mandate of the 1947 Act by formulating forest policy for the state. When the Division of Forestry was elevated to departmental status in 1977, the organizational relationship between the Department and the Board was retained. This reorganization of the Department had no effect upon the Board's mandated duties and responsibilities. With the passage of the Z'berg-Nejedly Forestry Practice Act of 1973, the Legislature reorganized the Board and concomitantly expanded its powers and responsibilities. To achieve a balanced approach to forest land policy, the Public Resources Code delineates the character of the Board by designating that five members will be from the general public, three are chosen from the forest products industry, and one member is from the range-livestock industry.
The Board is recognized as having the legislative authority to regulate both privately owned conifer and oak woodland forest types. Historically, the Board has focused its regulatory authority on those lands capable of producing commercial lumber products choosing to support an educationally based program for oak woodlands. The educational path was established with the creation of the University of California's Integrated Hardwood Management Program (IHRMP) in the mid-1980s. In 1993 the Board delegated to the IHRMP the responsibility of assisting counties in the development of locally based conservation strategies for oak woodlands. In response to this directive, counties have developed a wide array of resolutions, ordinances and monitoring efforts through a variety of committees, Board of Supervisor actions and local initiatives.
Current Forest Policy and Oaks
Under the direction of the Z'berg-Nejedly Forestry Practice Act of 1973 the Legislature identified the timberlands of the State to be "among the most valuable of natural resources….are of great concern ….relating to their utilization, restoration and protection". The legislature further recognized the need to "encourage prudent and responsible forest resource management while giving consideration to the public's need for watershed protection, fisheries and wildlife, and recreational opportunities…". The Act further defined timberlands as, "[non-federal] lands available for, and capable of, growing a crop of trees of any commercial species…..". The Board further defined "commercial species" to include most economically important conifers and some hardwood species, when growing on timberland.
The impact of the Z'berg-Nejedly Act has continually evolved, since its inception. The Act, through a separate set of Forest Practice Rules, recognizes the need for the protection of watershed elements by establishing minimum standards for streams zone protective widths (by stream class), archaeological sites, soil stability and cumulative effects. These requirements are mandatory for any landowner who wishes to engage in timber harvesting. The Act in combination with the Rules is designed to identify and mitigate any potential negative impacts from the harvesting of timber as a requirement of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). As a result of the Act, a landowner is required to secure the services of a Registered Professional Forester (RPF) to submit a Timber Harvest Plan (THP) for review and approval by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CDF) prior to the harvesting of commercial tree species. The THP, only one of several vehicles used by CDF and RPFs, is viewed by the State as serving as the functional equivalent of an Environmental Impact Report (EIR) under CEQA..
By definition, most species of Quercus are currently not recognized as commercial species. Only under specific circumstances are pre-determined oak species (Q. Kelloggi and Q. Garryana) recognized by the Forest Practice Rules. In all other situations, if any oak species, including the two identified, occur on lands not designated as timberlands they are not afforded protection under the Forest Practice Act, thereby, not given statewide considerations under CEQA. However, many of these oak woodland species occur as a continuum of forest canopy in many watersheds of California. In many situations throughout the State a common vegetative pattern exists with conifer dominated coastal and mountainous forests transforming into oak dominated types in drier or lower elevation sites.
Inconsistency is in the Policy not the Forests
An obvious inherent conflict with current land-use forest policy is the recognition of tree species (and thereby habitats) afforded protections under CEQA relative to their economic values and not their ecological values thereby creating an artificial delineation of forest types. A glaring example of the inherent inconsistency with this current policy situation is best exemplified by the State's role in providing protection to salmonid species in northwestern California under CEQA. Under the current Forest Practice Rules, salmon and steelhead, are afforded some level of protection (though a recent independent scientific panel determined the level of protection was inadequate to protect salmonid resources: Ligon et. al. 1999) when they enter freshwater habitat located in a conifer forest setting. However, in many cases, those same fish will continue their upstream migration passing through the conifer belt and ultimately complete their journey in a predominately, oak woodland habitat type. This scenario is true for fish in the Russian, Navarro, Eel, Klamath, Smith and Sacramento and San Joaquin River systems. Under these scenarios, the stream and the forest cover represent an ecological continuum for the fish as it moves through the system from the marine environment to its natal spawning grounds in order to complete its life history. Furthermore, once spawned and hatched, many of the juvenile fish will spend a significant portion of their early life stages in the oak dominated portions of the watershed. However, as the fish move from one forest type to another, the level of protection is not contiguous thereby providing only a minimal level of protection for a small portion of the overall habitat.
This inconsistent application of standardized protective measures is most apparent in those counties with the absence of local requirements to mitigate land-use impacts on streams i.e. grading ordinance, stream zone buffers, etc. Under the existing statewide forest management policies the current statewide mechanism to protect forest streams (Forest Practice Rules) do not provide a continuous level of protection throughout a watershed based on the definition of commercial vs. non-commercial tree species.
The lack of a standardize statewide approach to oak conservation has promoted a variety of measures to be developed, modified and implemented throughout the oak region of California in an attempt to address both riparian and upland issues. A collection of resolutions (Tehema, Shasta, Madera Counties), ordinances (Sonoma, Napa, Santa Barbara), evaluation committees (Lake, Madera), monitoring efforts (El Dorado) and ballot measures (Santa Barbara) targeting an equally wide array of issues. In many instances, the adopted mechanisms have focused on a single resource issue such as water quality (Napa and Sonoma Counties) or heritage tree preservation (various county tree ordinances) and have not produced comprehensive measures with adequate monitoring mechanisms capable of evaluating their effectiveness or large landscapes or watersheds.
The current inconsistencies in oak management policies and strategies will certainly continue to fuel the intense debates currently underway throughout the oak region of California as land-use practices increase in scope and magnitude. A need exists to evaluate current local policies and develop comprehensive strategies that promote, protect and enhance oak woodlands and all of their inherent resources.
Literature Cited
Brown, L. R., P. B. Moyle and R. M. Yoshiyama. 1994. Historical Decline and Current Status of Coho Salmon in California. No. Am. J. of Fisheries Mngt. 14: 237-261.
Dassman, R. F. 1965. The Destruction of California. MacMillan Co. New York. 247pp.
Marchetti, M. P. and P. B. Moyle. The decline of sea-run fishes in California: An ongoing tragedy. Cal Ag. 49 (6): 74.
Moyle. P. B. 1994. The Decline of Anadromous Fishes in California. Consv. Biol. 8 (3) 869-867.
Walter, H.S. 1998. Land Use Conflicts in California. Eco. Studies 136:108-125./h3>/h2>/h2>/h1>/h1>
- Posted By: Richard B Standiford
- Written by: Neil McDougald, UCCE Range Advisor, Fresno/Madera Counties; Richard Standiford, UCCE Specialist, Berkeley; Ralph Phillips, UCCE Livestock Advisor Emeritus, Kern County
Fire is an important part of blue oak ecosystems (See: Fire in California's Oak Woodlands). Although we recognize that fire suppression on oak woodlands has increased the fire return interval, there are only a limited number of studies documenting pre-suppression fire frequency (see McClaren and Bartolome, 1989; Mensing 1992).
As part of a long-term blue oak thinning study in the Southern Sierra (see "Thinning Enhance Blue Oak and Interior Live Oak Acorn Production"), 49 trees were felled. Each tree was aged, and fire scars were dated. Fire scars were identified on 8 of the sample trees (16 percent of the population), allowing us to determine fire history in the stand from 1850 to the present.
Results and Conclusions:
Figure 1 below shows the dates of the 10 fire events that occurred between 1851 and 1996 on the study site in Tulare County near California Hot Springs. The mean fire return interval was 12.8 years (+/- 2.3 years), with a range from 6 to 25 years. There were no fires on the site since 1966.
Based on the age structure of the sample trees on this study site, less than 25 percent of the trees became established from 0 to 3 years after the fire, and another 55 percent were established 4 to 11 years after fire (Figure 2). These results show that the date of fire was much less important than the McClaran and Bartolome (1989) and Mensing (1992) studies, where most of the trees were established immediately following fire events.
Fire suppression has changed the the pattern of fire in blue oak stands. Fire, from both prescribed burns and from natural sources, is much less common in blue oak stands today. This results in large fuel build-ups, higher stand density and crown cover, and different stand structures. Instead of relatively frequent, low intensity fires, we now anticipate infrequent, high intensity fires. Strategies to re-introduce fire, or to achieve restoration of fire-resilient stand structures, is appropriate as part of a long-term sustainability strategy for blue oak woodlands.
McClaren, M.P. and J.W. Bartolome. 1989. Fire-related recruitment in stagnant Quercus douglasii populations. Can. Journal of Forest Research 19:580-585.
McCreary, D.D. 2004. Fire in California's oak woodlands. UC ANR on-line publication. 8 pp. http://ucanr.org/sites/oak_range/files/59574.pdf
Mensing, S. A. 1992. The impact of European settlement on blue oak (Quercus douglasii) regeneration and recruitment in the Tehachapi Mountains, California. Madrono 39(1):36-46./span>
- Posted By: Jaime Adler
- Written by: Douglas McCreary and Jeannette Warnert
Many blue oak trees in California foothills might be more accurately described as "silver oaks" this year. From a distance, they shimmer with a silvery halo. On closer inspection the outermost leaves are coated with a white to gray powdery fuzz.
The cause, according to Doug McCreary of the Integrated Hardwood Range Management Program at UC Berkeley, is powdery mildew. Powdery mildew, a group of fungi that causes a white, flour-like growth on the surface of leaves, is common on roses, begonias, grapes and many other ornamental plants and agricultural crops.
"People have called us worried that the affected trees may be showing signs of SOD, but this is clearly not the cause. SOD symptoms are far different, blue oak is not a SOD host and SOD is restricted to coastal forests," McCreary said.
McCreary assures oak lovers that powdery mildew rarely kills the majestic trees. Even small seedlings that have all of their leaves severely infected usually survive and recover.
"Powdery mildew makes it more difficult for the affected leaves to photosynthesize and produce food, and if it's severe enough, it can also result in the leaves distorting, curling up, dying and falling to the ground," McCreary said. "But most affected trees will simply grow a new crop of leaves later in the summer or the following spring. And if weather conditions return to a more normal pattern next year, with little or no rainfall after March, it is unlikely that powdery mildew would continue to be severe or widespread."
Some people may be inclined to treat affected trees with fungicides. However, these treatments are most effective when the symptoms first appear, which occurred weeks or months ago. It is also generally not recommended to treat trees in wildland settings. There are too many trees to treat and the potential environmental risks of applying fungicides across a large landscape can outweigh the benefits. Above all, McCreary said, don't panic and cut down the trees, even if all their leaves fall off.
"The trees are still very much alive," McCreary said. "Losing their foliage is just the oak's way of dealing with an unwanted pest. By this time next year they should again be leafed out without that silver covering currently observable."
The unusually wet March and April is at least partially responsible for the higher-than-normal incidence of powdery mildew in blue oaks, he said. Increased incidence of powdery mildew has also been reported on California black oaks and coast live oaks on the coast.
"Powdery mildew doesn't need rainfall, but it is favored by warm conditions, high humidity and low light and it loves young, succulent foliage," McCreary said. "Because California was blessed with above average rainfall this past spring, there has been – and continues to be – considerably more moisture in the soil. Under these conditions, oak trees will grow a 'second flush' of leaves, usually in May or early June, that is very susceptible to powdery mildew."
- Author: Jaime Adler
To Register Click Here by June 24th!
When: Thursday, June 30, 2011 9:00am-2:30pm. Please register by Friday, June 24th.
Where: Avenales Ranch Road, Pozo, CA 93453, San Luis Obispo County . We will meet at the American Canyon Forest Service Campground
Who: Anyone interested in research, education, management and conservation of oak woodland ecosystems. This includes landowners and managers, consulting range managers and registered professional foresters, community and conservation groups, land trusts and policy makers.
What: Agenda for the day
9:00 am - Arrive for coffee and registration
10:00 am - Brief Introduction to Avenales Ranch
10:15 am - Oak woodland management concerns
10:30 am - Oak regeneration, seeding, stump-sprouting
11:15 am - Oak thinning, measuring, management
12:00 pm - Lunch*
12:45 pm - Forest production and management
1:15 pm - Wildlife in Oak woodlands
1:45 pm -Sycamore regeneration study
2:15 pm - Alternative Review Program
2:30 pm - Adjourn
*Please remember to bring your own bag lunch.
In addition, appropriate clothing and footwear are recommended. There will be some off-trail hiking.
Please register by June 24th by Clicking Here!
For more detailed information, including directions, please Click Here! Please note: you do not need to be an Oak Webinar participant to attend this field trip.
Questions? Email Rick Standiford: firstname.lastname@example.com
Pictures from one of our field trips to the Sierra Foothills Research and Extension Center:


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Mimamsa 2014 Feb 15, 2014
Mimamsa 2014
February 15-16, 2014
Mimamsa is an inter-college annual science quiz organized by IISER Pune. It is one of the most conceptually challenging science competitions at undergraduate level in the country. Here's a poster of the program. Visit the Mimamsa website for information on the quiz process, participation and more.


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Customer Reviews for Energy Efficient Large Windows Purple 3/8" Pleat Semi-Opaque
"Overjoyed with purchase"
By Beannie from Oakland, CA
I am very impressed with the quality and appearance of my new cellular shades.View this product
"excellent product"
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This is the second time i use this company and i will definitely use them again. The blinds arrived as scheduled.View this product
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Abuja — The Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN) has said that no amount of internal crisis could split the organisation.
The association also said it had put in place appropriate mechanisms for the resolution of the issues in contention.
In its first major reaction to the alleged plan by the Catholic bloc to pull out its fold, the leadership of CAN in a communique read to journalists Tuesday in Abuja by the association's General Secretary, Dr. Musa Asaka, after a meeting of its President-in- Council (PIC), comprising all the blocs, appealed to the media to exhibit social responsibility for which they have been known in reporting the seeming crisis.
Against the background of criticisms against CAN President, Pastor Ayo Oritsejafor, over his alleged romance with the government, the PIC reaffirmed its implicit and explicit confidence in its leadership.
The communique was signed by CAN's Vice-President/Head, Organisation of African Instituted Churches, Most Rev. Daniel Okoh; Head, Christian Council of Nigeria, Most Rev. Emmanuel Udofia; Head, "Tarayar Ekklisiyar Kristi A Nijeriya," a conglomeration of 13 church groups in CAN/ECWA Fellowship, Most Rev. Emmanuel Dziggau and Head, Christian Pentecostal Fellowship of Nigeria/Pentecostal Fellowship of Nigeria.
It was also resolved: "That CAN is a family; as a family, it has its own internal mechanisms for resolving its issues. CAN has therefore set in motion the processes for resolving these issues.
"The President-in-Council reaffirms its implicit and explicit confidence in the CAN President, Pastor Ayo Oritsejafor, in all his public statements on behalf of CAN.
"We appeal to the well known sense of social responsibility of the press in handling the current situation."


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Professor of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science
Primary Office: 1-248 Medical Education BuildingIowa City, IA 52242
Primary Office Phone: 319-335-9791
Email: email@example.com: Neurobiology of Pain Laboratory
BS, Physical Therapy, Georgia State UniversityPhD, Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch
Biosciences Graduate ProgramInterdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular BiologyInterdisciplinary Graduate Program in NeuroscienceInterdisciplinary Graduate Program in Translational BiomedicineMedical Scientist Training Program
Dr. Sluka's laboratory studies the peripheral and central mechanisms of chronic musculoskeletal pain, and non-pharmacological treatment for chronic pain. These studies involve the use of animal models of muscle pain developed and characterized in Dr. Sluka's laboratory, as well as projects in human subjects. We use a variety of techniques to address these questions including cell culture, molecular biology, genetic manipulations, behavioral pharmacology, and standard clinical trial methodology. Our overall goals are to improve the management of pain for people with a variety of musculoskeletal pain conditions by discovering the underlying mechanisms that lead to the development of chronic pain, discovering new therapies for pain management, and improving the use of currently available treatment for pain.
Show All
Gereau 4th R,
Sluka K,
Maixner W,
Savage S,
Price T,
Murinson B,
Sullivan M,
Fillingim R.
A Pain Research Agenda for the 21st Century.
J Pain.
2014 October 29.
Sato K,
Johanek L,
Sanada L,
Sluka K.
Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) improves decreased physical activity induced by nerve injury.
Behav Neurosci.
2014 October. 128(5):625-32.
Rakel B,
Zimmerman M,
Geasland K,
Embree J,
Clark C,
Noiseux N,
Callaghan J,
Herr K,
Walsh D,
Sluka K.
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) for the Control of Pain during Rehabilitation Following Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA): A Randomized, Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
2014 September 27.
Noehren B,
Dailey D,
Rakel B,
Vance C,
Zimmerman M,
Crofford L,
Sluka K.
Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Pain, Function, and Quality of Life in Fibromyalgia: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.
Phys Ther.
2014 September 11.
Glass N,
Segal N,
Sluka K,
Torner J,
Nevitt M,
Felson D,
Bradley L,
Neogi T,
Lewis C,
Frey-Law L.
Examining sex differences in knee pain: the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study.
Osteoarthritis Cartliage.
2014 August. 22(8):1100-6.
Dailey D,
Keffala V,
Sluka K.
Cognitive and physical fatigue tasks enhance pain, cognitive fatigue and physical fatigue in people with fibromyalgia.
Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken).
2014 July 29.
Noiseux N,
Callaghan J,
Clark C,
Zimmerman M,
Sluka K,
Rakel B.
Preoperative predictors of pain following total knee arthroplasty.
J Arthroplasty.
2014 July. 29(7):1383-7.
Gong W,
Johanek L,
Sluka K.
Spinal cord stimulation reduces mechanical hyperalgesia and restores physical activity levels in animals with noninflammatory muscle pain in a frequency-dependent manner.
Anesth Analg.
2014 July. 119(1):186-95.
da Silva M,
Bobinski F,
Sato K,
Kolker S,
Sluka K,
Santos A.
IL-10 Cytokine Released from M2 Macrophages Is Crucial for Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Acupuncture in a Model of Inflammatory Muscle Pain.
Mol Neurobiol.
2014 June 25.
Gong W,
Kolker S,
Usachev Y,
Walder R,
Boyle D,
Firestein G,
Sluka K.
Acid-Sensing Ion Channel 3 decreases phosphorylation of ERK and induces synoviocyte cell death by increasing intracellular calcium.
Arthritis Res Ther.
2014 June 12. 16(3):R121.
Date Last Modified: 01/28/2015 -
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Farmington's Ness Enjoys Breakout Senior Season
Posted: April 5, 2014 at 5 a.m.
FARMINGTON -- Adam Ness slid hard into third base, taking the Prairie Grove player's feet out. The baseball sailed to the fence and Ness quickly scrambled to his feet and raced for home.
Adam Ness
School: Farmington
Height: 6-3
Position: Outfield/Pitcher
Notable: A three-year starter for the Cardinals. … Leads the team in almost all offensive categories including home runs (2), RBIs (7) and batting average (.533). … Is 2-1 with a 2.01 ERA and 16 strikeouts as a pitcher. … Has verbally committed to Arkansas-Little Rock.
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Do Your Knees or Hips Ache? Could It Be Arthritis?
Bone and Joint National Action Week Promotes Awareness of Prevention, Disease Management and Treatments
Bone and joint conditions – including osteoarthritis – are the most common causes of severe long-term pain and physical disability, according to the United States Bone and Joint Initiative. Further, the prevalence of such conditions is predicted to increase as the "Baby Boom" generation continues to age.
"Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis," says Dr. John Dearborn, an orthopedic surgeon and the medical director of the Center for Joint Replacement at Washington Hospital. "Osteoarthritis is caused by the breakdown of cartilage, the material that cushions the ends of the bones in a joint. As the cartilage deteriorates, bone rubs against bone, causing inflammation and pain. Because aging is a primary risk factor for osteoarthritis, we will see these problems become more common as our population ages."
To increase the awareness of musculoskeletal conditions such as osteoarthritis, the Bone and Joint Initiative and other organizations such as the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons sponsor the annual Bone and Joint National Action Week on the same dates every year – October 12 to 20.
There is no single known cause of osteoarthritis, but there are various risk factors in addition to age, including joint injury, muscle weakness and being overweight. Women generally are more likely to develop osteoarthritis than men. A small percentage of people may have a genetic predisposition. Osteoarthritis develops most frequently in weight-bearing joints such as the knee and hip, but it also is common in the neck, lower spine and the small joints of the hands and feet.
"Osteoarthritis can cause pain, stiffness and swelling in whatever joint is affected," says Dr. Alexander Sah, an orthopedic surgeon at the Center for Joint Replacement. "In the lower extremities, it can cause more pronounced pain and a loss of motion, especially with weight-bearing activities."
Oftentimes, people with osteoarthritis in the knees and hips will avoid weight-bearing activities that cause the pain, and they may become sedentary.
"It's a double-edged sword," says Dr. Sah. "Resting may make the joints feel better, but lack of physical activity can lead to weight gain and loss of muscle tone – both of which can make the condition worse."
Just as there is no known cause for osteoarthritis, there also is no known cure.
"You can't reverse the process of arthritis, but you can treat the symptoms and slow the progression," Dr. Sah explains. "Physical therapy and regular exercise can help reduce pain and maintain range of motion. Exercise also can help maintain a healthy weight, which puts less strain on the joints. It's important to note, however, that those benefits quickly go away when you stop exercising."
Various medications may help patients suffering from arthritis, including the pain reliever acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin and ibuprofen, which can be purchased over the counter. Other NSAIDs are available as prescription drugs, and people who take such medications should do so only under the supervision of a physician.
"These medications can be very effective in treating mild to moderate arthritis," Dr. Dearborn says. "For more severe pain, patients can get short-term relief with injections of cortisone into the joint. Another option is injections of hyaluronic acids, which are a component of the normal lubricating fluid found in healthy joints, to provide cushioning for the joint."
In a case where there is a dramatic loss of cartilage, the patient may be a candidate for either partial or total knee replacement. Total replacement would generally be performed if the patient's cartilage is badly damaged on both sides of the knee and under the kneecap or on one side of the knee and under the kneecap. Partial replacement would be an option for patients who have cartilage damage on only one part of the knee.
"Partial knee replacement is a great option for younger patients whose arthritis has not spread throughout the knee," says Dr. Sah, who completed a fellowship at Rush Hospital in Chicago where they did a high volume of partial knee replacement surgeries. "It also is a good option for elderly patients who have other conditions that might limit their ability to recover from total knee replacement. Partial knee replacement is less invasive, and the ligaments in the center of the knee are left intact, so it feels more like a natural knee."
For arthritic damage to the hip joint, Dr. Dearborn believes total hip replacement is a less invasive and more effective option than "resurfacing" procedures that involve grinding down the surface of the femoral bone and inserting an implant.
"Resurfacing implants are cemented on the femoral side, so they are not as durable as total hip implants and are more prone to loosening," he explains. "Resurfacing implants also require a metal-on-metal bearing, which also have been shown to be problematic in recent reports from Britain and Australia. Some patients have a hypersensitivity to the metals in resurfacing implants, leading to early pain and bone erosions. After five years, the failure rate of hip resurfacing is at least 5 percent, and with some implant designs, over 12 percent. With total hip replacement, the failure rate is close to zero percent after five years."
Center for Joint Replacement Ranked #1 in California
In April 2011, Washington Hospital's Center for Joint Replacement was named the top joint replacement program in California by Healthgrades. The center has been ranked among the top 10 in California for six years in a row and among the top 5 percent in the nation for five years in a row. Surgeons at the center will perform over 1,400 knee and hip replacements this year. A new facility for the Center for Joint Replacement will open in the spring of 2012.
"Our new facility will have the potential for 40 inpatient beds, as well as our outpatient office and dedicated areas for pre-op testing and patient education," says Dr. Dearborn. "We also will be able to conduct clinical research and hold conferences for visiting physicians in the same building. The new facility will be more convenient for patients and will place our office space just upstairs from the care unit, allowing us quicker access."
For more information about the Center for Joint Replacement, visit www.whhs.com/joint or call 888-494-7003.


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Sena SMH10 conversation broken when I touch my Zumo 660
I have a Sena SMH10 which is paired with my buddy's similar unit.
It is also connected to my Zumo 660.
I believe that I understand the Bluetooth connection hierarchy - GPS, connection to buddy, music.
(I do not have a phone connection; I'm not sure where it would fit).
Anyway ....
If my buddy and I are talking and the GPS needs to give me directions, it "breaks in" and my buddy and I cannot hear each other. I clearly understand that.
However, the same thing happens if I just touch my 660 (e.g. I want to zoom in/out on the map, or want to see if there is food or gas nearby). Our conversation connection goes dead.
So, is there anything that can be done about that? I'd like to be able to keep talking while I am looking at (making selections on) the GPS.
Or is that just the way it is? (and if so, could someone explain why and what is going on?)
As a note the Function priority is : Mobile Phone
Stereo Music by cable connection
Bluetooth Stereo Music
You don't say if when you are using the 660 if it is playing music via Bluetooth connection, or is the 660 in Navigation mode (giving directions) this maybe what is causing the intercom connection to be dropped, till you stop playing on the 660.
Bluetooth is only capable of 1 connection at a time, so what ever you are doing is causing the connection to change.
Hope this helps.
This is caused by the "beep" from pressing a control on the 660. It is interrupting your convo to transmit the beep. There is a way to mute the beep on the 660. Do that and the interruption will go away.
Sent from my Galaxy Nexus using Tapatalk 2
From the "Where To?" and "View Map" screen I have Volume and Tools.
I find nothing under Tools/Settings - not System or Navigation - that would seem to help.
If I click Volume I see a Mute option and a Mixer button.
Under Mixer I see Master, Navigation, and Media buttons with a % for each.
Clicking each allows me to select a percentage.
For Master and Navigation there is also a Mute checkbox.
Muting Navigation leaves the 'beeps' when I touch the screen, but I get no directions (e.g. Please drive to highlighted route.)
Muting Master appears to kill all sound, certainly the 'beeps' go away, but I don't seem to get any navigation either.
Maybe tomorrow I can check to see whether Master Mute actually stops the Sena partner communication from cutting out. And maybe confirm a total blackout of noise.
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The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954)(about)
Previous issue Saturday 20 February 1886 Next issue
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[By Îm.borafh.1
'(PROM OUR OWN CORIlEbPOitßKWTS.)
MELBOURNE, Fri»a\
There is plenty of water at the place where the Union Company's steamship Waihora is beached on the north-east coast of Tasmania, and 'the officers of the . steamer Southern Cross, which brought the Waihora'« passengers on to Melbourne, expect to soo her safely floated in a week. Captain M'Gee was on tho bridgo at the timo the Waihora struck, with the chart before him. It was known after the vessol left Hobart that he intonded to go inside tho Salamander Islands. Most of tho luggage and scenery of the Màjcroni-Wilson Opera Company was in tho fore part of the vessol. The steamers Australia and Blaok Eagle 'have proceeded to the scone of the wreck, having on board .divers and appliances for lloating the vessel. The saloon passengers of the Waihora presented Captain Capurn, of the Southern Cross (s.), with a purse of sovereigns before landing at Melbourne.
The Southern Cross (s.), with the _pa6Bengors of the Waihora on board, arrived at the Aus- tralian Wharf this mornihg. Mr. Keith, purser of tho Waihora, and also the stewards and stewardesses, wore on board. The whole of the crow have been loft behind, at tho Waihora. .Twonty-nino diaught horses, whieh tho steamer »vas bringing ovor, wero left in the caro of four of the steerage passengers. The Wnihora's cargo comprised COO tons of bark, grain, wool, and sundries, and some 600 cases ' of fruit that wero boing brought back from Dunedin, oh account of the market there being overstocked.
HOBART, FninAT.
Tho steamer Wairarapa has arrived from Melbourne via Swan Island.' "She roportB that the Waihora is lying on a rock on the south-east side of Swan Island. The rook is right through the forward compartment. 'There are 13 or 14 feet of water round the rock, and if
the wind keeps down it is believed that the vessel will be got off by means of a tug, and by lightening her for- ward. At prosont there is no danger. If the vessel is got off sho will be towed across to Melbourne by tho tug Black Eagle. '


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Soak the cracked wheat in cold water. Drain and dry. Chop the onions very fine and blend with the ground lamb, the wheat and the seasonings. Pound and knead the mixture thoroughly. You may put it through the meat grinder, if you wish, and knead it again, adding a little ice water as you work. It should become a paste.
Form into small balls and serve raw with cocktails. Or form into small round patties, with a chip of ice in the center of each. Brush the patties well with oil and broil.


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Country Thunder welcomes record first-day audience
PHOENIX -- There was a record number of cowboys and girls at the opening of Country Thunder on Thursday.
The music extravaganza, held in Florence, Ariz., opened with more than 24,000 "cowboy boot-wearin' and country music-lovin' fans."
The festival features plenty of the top acts in country music, including Jason Aldean, Miranda Lambert and the Band Perry. It also has an on-site bar, 18 food booths and plenty of retail booths, along with a post-concert party space.
A limited number of tickets are available at the gates. For more information, go to countrythunder.com.


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MEDIA ADVISORY May 27, 2011
DNR to hold public informational workshop on mooring buoys in Quartermaster Harbor Minimizing in-water hazards in the bay
LOCATION – The Washington Department of Natural Resources (DNR) is inviting Vashon Island community members to an informational workshop from 7 to 9 p.m. on Wednesday, June 15. The workshop will help DNR, the community and local boaters to identify abandoned or derelict mooring buoys that create unsafe navigational conditions for recreational boats. In addition, some buoy anchoring systems may be inadvertently scouring the sediment floor with dragging chain lines and disturbing potential herring spawning habitat.
DNR will present preliminary survey results showing current buoy locations in Quartermaster Harbor. DNR is seeking information about which buoys are unused and could be removed over time. By minimizing the presence of derelict buoys, local and visiting boaters can be assured that any potential in-water hazards are minimized in Quartermaster Harbor. Who: DNR Aquatic Resources Division Aquatic Reserve Program
What: Public Informational Workshop to identify abandoned or derelict mooring buoys in Quartermaster Harbor
When: 7 to 9 p.m. Wednesday, June 15, 2011
Where: McMurray Middle School, 9329 SW Cemetery Rd., Vashon 98070-6105
Why: Promote safer navigational conditions for recreational boaters and minimize scouring of sediment floor that disturbs potential herring spawning habitat
DNR: steward of state-owned aquatic landsThe 2.6 million acres of state-owned 'aquatic' lands (mostly submerge lands) are a public trust managed and protected by DNR for the people of Washington. These lands are managed to protect fish and wildlife, and to facilitate commerce, navigation, and public access.
Revenue is generated from the sale of renewable resources such as wild geoduck, as well as from leasing submerged lands for marinas, docks and other uses. This revenue is used to manage and protect the health and productivity of aquatic resources, and to fund local projects that restore aquatic ecosystems and create public access to the waters of the state.
Media Contact: Jane Chavey, senior Communications Manager, 360-902-1721, firstname.lastname@example.com # # #
DNR Communications & Outreach firstname.lastname@example.com


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This Han Solo is one of the best Hoth figures! He can't sit on a Tauntaun, but the goggles can be removed and he has a working holster. Which, really, makes me happy. Will you like it? Read on!
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Elegant Inn Saigon (formerly Xuan Mai Hotel Saigon) is on the top budget hotels in Saigon Vietnam. Boasting one of the best choices among Pham Ngu Lao hotels, Elegant Inn Saigon is located right in the heart of District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, just few step from the backpacker area where you can experience the most amazing atmosphere every evening.
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Rockland County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York, 12 miles north-northwest of New York City. It is part of the New York Metropolitan Area. As of the 2000 census, the population was 286,753. The county seat is New City. The name comes from "rocky land", an early description of the area given by settlers. Rockland is New York's southernmost county west of the Hudson River. It is suburban in nature, with a considerable amount of scenic designated parkland. Rockland County may not border any of the New York City boroughs but it is still only 9.5 miles north of Manhattan at the counties (New York and Rockland) two respective closest points (Palisades, NY in Rockland and Inwood Park in Manhattan)
Rockland County ranks 9th on the list of highest-income counties by median household income in the United States with $75,306 according to the 2004 census. It is served by area code 845.
Rockland County is one of 24 areas in New York State designated a Preserve America Community.
In 1609, Henry Hudson, thinking he had found the legendary "Northwest Passage", sailed up the river that would one day bear his name and anchored near the area that is now Haverstraw before continuing to disillusionment at Albany.
The Dutch were the first Europeans to settle in the area. A number of unique Dutch-style red sandstone houses still stand, and many placenames in the county reveal their Dutch origin.
When the Duke of York (who became King James II of England) established the first twelve counties of New York in 1683, present-day Rockland County was part of Orange County. Orangetown was created at the same time, originally encompassing all of modern Rockland County. Haverstraw was separated from Orangetown in 1719 and became a town in 1788; it included the present-day Clarkstown, Ramapo and Stony Point. Clarkstown and Ramapo became towns in 1791, followed by Stony Point in 1865. Rockland County was split from Orange County in 1798.
During the American Revolution, when control of the Hudson River was viewed by the British as strategic to dominating the American territories, Rockland saw skirmishes at Haverstraw, Nyack and Piermont, and significant military engagements at the Battle of Stony Point, where General "Mad" Anthony Wayne earned his nickname. George Washington had headquarters for a time at John Suffern's tavern, the later site of the village of Suffern.
British Major John André met with American traitor Benedict Arnold near Stony Point to buy the plans for the fortifications at West Point. André was captured with the plans in Tarrytown on his way back to the British lines; he was brought to Tappan for trial in the Tappan church, found guilty, hanged and buried nearby.
The American Industrial Revolution was supplied, in part, from forests and iron mines in Rockland County. Resource utilization extracted a heavy toll on the region, especially from lumbering and agriculture, since the poor, thin soils on hillsides were easily depleted. By the early 1900s development along the lower Hudson River had begun to destroy much of the area's natural beauty.
Many unsuccessful efforts were made to turn much of the Hudson Highlands into a forest preserve. However, when the State of New York tried to relocate Sing Sing Prison to Bear Mountain in 1909, some of the wealthy businessmen who had homes in the area, led by Union Pacific Railroad president E. H. Harriman, donated land as well as large sums of money for the purchase of properties in the area of Bear Mountain. Bear Mountain/Harriman State Park became a reality in 1910, and by 1914 it was estimated that more than a million people a year were coming to the park.
Historical figures who have visited Rockland County include:
The County Court is inferior to the Supreme Court and is authorized to hear all criminal cases that have occurred in the county as well as limited jurisdiction over civil cases. The County Court handles felony cases exclusively and shares jurisdiction with the town and village justice courts on misdemeanor cases and other minor offenses and violations. The County Court's jurisdiction on civil cases is limited to those involving less than $25,000.
Each of the towns and fifteen of the villages have Justice Courts. These courts mostly hear routine traffic ticket cases, especially from the New York State Thruway and the Palisades Interstate Parkway. They also handle drunk driving charges, lower-level criminal misdemeanor matters, and they will occasionally perform arraignment on felonies (most felony proceedings are heard in County Court). These courts generally handle the highest volume of cases, which, considering the population density and highways in the county, is not surprising.
Rockland County lies just north of the New Jersey-New York border, west of the Hudson River, and south of Orange County.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 199 square miles (516 km²), of which, 174 square miles (451 km²) of it is land and 25 square miles (65 km²) of it (12.60%) is water. Approximately 30% of Rockland County is parkland.
The highest elevation in the county is Rockhouse Mountain, at 391 m (1,283 feet). However, nearby Jackie Jones Mountain also has a summit above 390 m (1,280 feet) whose exact elevation is not known and may well be higher.
The lowest elevation is sea level along the Hudson River
Rockland is the smallest county in New York outside of New York City
Rockland's borders with Putnam and Passaic counties are short, totaling less than one mile.
The 2005 estimates show that Rockland county remains a diverse place. 69.2% of the population was grouped under the heading "non-Hispanic whites" but with such high numbers of speakers of such languages as Russian and Italian, this figure hid more than it revealed. The percentage of African-Americans had risen to 11.9. Native Americans were gaining ground now constituting 0.3% of the population. Asians continued to grow in their percentage of the county population, now making up 6.4% of the population. Latinos were now 12.2% of the population.
In 2000 there were 92,675 households out of which 37.60% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.80% were married couples living together, 10.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.40% were non-families. 19.30% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.01 and the average family size was 3.47.
In the county the population was spread out with 28.00% under the age of 18, 7.90% from 18 to 24, 28.00% from 25 to 44, 24.30% from 45 to 64, and 11.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 95.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.30 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $75,306, and the median income for a family was $86,624. Males had a median income of $58,214 versus $43,955 for females. The per capita income for the county was $31,680. The mean, or average, income for a family in Rockland County is $102,542 according to the 2004 census. About 6.30% of families and 9.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.30% of those under age 18 and 7.60% of those age 65 or over.
31.4% of Rockland residents are Jewish, the highest Jewish population per capita of any county in the United States. The county is also home to several large Orthodox Jewish communities, especially in the hamlet of Monsey, and the villages of New Square, Kaser, New Hempstead, and Wesley Hills.
There are no villages in the town of Stony Point.
There are 8 school districts in Rockland
Brega Transport Corp provide free shuttle service between the main campus of Rockland Community College in Viola and the Haverstraw and Spring Valley extensions to evening students during the Fall and Spring semesters.
Rockland County has been paired with San Marcos and Huehuete, Nicaragua as its Sister City. The Rockland County Sister City Project with San Marcos and Huehuete, Nicaragua, is coordinated by Cleta Ciulla of Nyack, NY. Since 1990, the organization has collected donated clothes, bicycles and other useful things for our Nicaraguan partners in community development. Fundraising consists of donations and yardsales. Participants travel regularly to Nicaragua to review project details and community needs.
Additionally, the town of Ramapo is twinned with a number of cities.
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Additionally, singer-songwriter Regina Spektor produced a demo named "Rockland County", about staying with a relative in Rockland County after coming to America from Russia.
Baracks, Clarence,. Growing up in New City, New York in the early 1920s
Budke, George H. Rockland County during the American Revolution, 1776 - 1781. New York. The Rockland County Public Librarians Association. 1976
Cohen, David Steven The Ramapo Mountain People Rutgers University Press 1974
Cole, David D.D, History of Rockland County: ([New York) 1976, Historical Society of Rockland County.
Gonyea , Maryellen Stony Point in Words and Pictures, , ed. NCL RR 974.728 STO
Gottlock, Barbara H., Gottlock Wesley., New York's Palisades Interstate Park (NY) (Images of America)
Green, Frank Bertangue. MD, The History of Rockland County:
Knight, Robert P Centennial history of Pearl River, New York Pearl River Centennial Committee 1973
Kuykendall, Eugene L., Historic Sloatsburg, 1738-1998, The Way it Was, Is and Can Be, Sloatsburg Historical Society, 1998.
Lucanera, Viola M. The role of Orangetown in the Revolution (Rockland County bicentennial publication)
Penford, Saxby Vouler The first hundred years of Spring Valley;: Written in commemoration of the Spring Valley Centennial, 1842-1942 (Social Science Research Foundation. Publications)
Pritchard, Evan T Native New Yorkers: The Legacy of the Algonquin People of New York Published by Council Oak Books, 2002 ISBN 1571781072
Smeltzer-Stevenot, Marjorie., Footprints in the Ramapos: Life in the Mountains Before the State Parks
Stalter Elizabeth Doodletown: Hiking through history in a vanished hamlet on the Hudson
Talman, Wilfred Blanch., How things began in Rockland and places nearby
Talman, Wilfred Blanch, Fabend, Firth Haring Ed. Tappan, 300 Years, 1686-1986 Tappantown Historical Society, (1989)
Watts, Gardner F., A short history of Suffern and the Ramapaugh area: With emphasis on Revolutionary days and ways (Rockland County bicentennial publication) (1972)
Zimmerman, Linda Rockland County: Century of History
Zimmerman, Linda Rockland County Scrapbook Published by Eagle Press, 2004
American Revolution Bicentennial Committee of Sloatsburg: Bicentennial History of Sloatsburg, NY 1776-1976,
America's Bicentennial, 1776-1976, Haverstraw Commemorative Edition. [NCL 974.728 HAV]. Celebrate Clarkstown 1791-1991. Clarkstown, NY: Clarkstown Bicentennial Commission, 1991.
The Nyacks Historical Society of the Nyacks and the Nyack Library, Arcadia Publishing of Maine October, 2005
Nyack in the 20th Century: A Centennial Journal by the Historical Society of the Nyacks Published in 2000
Suffern: 200 years, 1773-1973 Bicentennial Committee, Suffern, N.Y. Published in 1973,


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Engaging students with unit outlines
Reading and understanding a unit of study outline helps students to recognise the relevance of the unit in the program, your expectations of them and their reasonable expectations of you.
By motivating your students to read and use the unit of study outline, you:
- ensure students are aware of their obligations, such as assessment tasks, policy requirements, how to contact you (and/or members of the teaching team), prerequisites or required reading and preparation.
- guide students as to what resources are available to help them in your unit of study
- clearly communicate when and where classes, tutorials and activities (such as industry visits) are and when assessments are due and how they should be submitted
- give students the context of how the unit is relevant and fits into the program and/or specialisation
Students look at the unit of study outline to discover how and when they will be assessed. By being selective, they can miss other important unit of study information, such as how the unit of organised (the topic schedule) or important policy-related information. By motivating your students to read and engage with the unit of study outline, you ensure that they are aware of important unit-specific information as well as any required obligations.
- Ask students to complete the topic and assessment schedule on the last page of the unit outline and stick it on their wall or on the fridge at home.
- Give students a short quiz on the unit of study outline, first completed individually and then in groups. Group members can then help each other with any uncertain answers.
- Highlight critical information in class. Revisit the outline throughout the session.
- Collaboratively develop aspects of the unit of study outline with smaller, senior groups of students, such as optional assessment topics or which topic/s to spend more time on.


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Irrepressible showman Jonathan Cohen leads you through a fun filled tribute to Her Majesty's reign of 60 glorious years in the regal splendour of the Royal Albert Hall.
A toe-tapping, hand clapping selection of great music, sensational songs and hits to sing... sing... singalong!
ROUSING CLASSICS Land of Hope & Glory, Rule, Britannia!COCKNEY KNEES-UP The Sun Has Got His Hat On, The Lambeth WalkWARTIME FAVOURITES Underneath The Arches, We'll Meet AgainEUROVISION Congratulations, Puppet On A StringTHE MUSICALS Do-Re-Mi, Any Dream Will DoTV TUNES Dad's Army, Playaway, Morecambe & Wise
and many, many more
PLUS a singalong down memory lane to hits from Lulu, Elton John and The Beatles
Jonathan CohenAlison Jiear special guest singerLondon Concert ChorusLondon Concert Orchestra


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Would-be Sith Ahmand Young of Santa Ana bows to the dark overlord Darth
Vader at Long Beach s Comic Con. (Brittany Murray Staff Photographer)
By Kelly Puente
Staff Writer
LONG BEACH – Hundreds of superheroes, villains and pulp fiction icons descended upon downtown on Saturday for the Long Beach Comic and Horror Con.
The third annual event at the Long Beach Convention Center kicked off on Saturday and runs through today with a whirlwind of comic book signings, film screenings, Q&A sessions, Jedi fighting demonstrations and outrageous costumes.
The inaugural event in 2009 drew an estimated 6,300 fans. This weekend, organizers expect a crowd of more than 7,000.
First District City Councilman and self-proclaimed comic book geek Robert Garcia, who was on hand to buy a few comics, said organizers have signed on for another year.
"We're excited to have them back next year for the fourth year," he said. "It's great we can have something like this in our backyard."
To coincide with Halloween, horror was added to this year's menu with a two-day Might and Fright Film Festival screening horror films and shorts. Also new this year is a masquerade ball with costume contests in several categories.
Notable appearances for the weekend included iconic horror movie director John Carpenter ("Halloween," "The Thing"), Shane Black (director of the upcoming "Iron Man 3″), writer Steve Niles ("30 Days of Night"), actor-producer Thomas Jane ("Hung"), and actor Seth Green of the animated TV shows "Robot Chicken" and "Family Guy."
Eric Sales of Huntington Beach was one of more than 60 fans waiting in line for an autograph from Carpenter.
"He's a legendary director," Sales said. "My favorite Carpenter movie is `Big Trouble in Little China."'
Ronnie Relosa was among the dozens waiting in line for an autograph and hopefully a sketch from Kevin Eastman, the co-creator of the original "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles" comic books.
Relosa, a 38-year-old warehouse worker from Lakewood, said he's been collecting comic books since junior high. He now has more than 500 stored in his closets and garage.
"I like that I can come to a convention like this in Long Beach because I can't make it down to the big one in San Diego," he said. "My wife won't sign off on the trip."
From Bat Girl and Superwoman to Thor and the Ghostbusters, hundreds of fanboys and fangirls came dressed as their favorite characters.
John Garcia, a 28-year-old Cal State Long Beach graduate student, spent two weeks working on his elaborate "Henchman 21″ costume from the animated series "The Venture Bros" on Cartoon Network. The black and yellow spandex with bright orange wings transforms him into a deadly monarch butterfly, he said.
Also on hand signing comic books on Saturday was The Go-Go's guitarist and comic book creator Jane Wiedlin.
When she's not touring with her all-female punk band, best known for their 1982 hit "We Got the Beat," she's creating comics such as "Lady Robotika" and writing for the latest "Simpson's Tree House of Horror" comic with partner Bill Morrison.
Wiedlin said she's always been a science fiction fan and recently discovered her love for comics.
"What I love about comics is the same thing I love about science fiction," she said. "It's being in that alternative universe where anything can happen."


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His origins can be traced to the Proto-Indo-European sky god *Dyeus, who appears in Greek as Zeus patēr (accusative Día, genitive Diós), in Latin as Jupiter (from archaic Latin Iove pater, "Sky father"), in Slavic mythology as Div, and Germanic and Norse mythology as Tyr or Ziu.
In the Rig Veda, Dyaus Pitar appears in hymns 1.89, 1.90, 1.164, 1.191 and 4.1 in simple invocations.
In RV 1.89.4b, Pitar Dyaus "Father Sky" appears alongside Mata Prithvi "Mother Earth".
In the Purusha Suktam, Dyaus is said to have been created from the head of the primaeval being Purusha.
Details of the myth are sketchy, but Indra seems to have killed his father (RV 4.18.12). Thomas Oberlies tentatively identifies Dyaus with an Asura in pre-vedic religion (both appear to have been killed by Indra).
In art, he appears in two different forms: as a red bull who bellows thunder, or as a black horse adorned with pearls, symbolizing the stars.


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I agree with you on some points, but I don't think there's anything irrational to liking CM Punk. He's great on the mic, charismatic, and fantastic technical wrestler. I think there are some valid criticisms for Rock. Yes, he's perhaps the greatest of all time, but would it kill him to show up more? I can tell you're probably a Rock fan because you appear to think more people like Punk than The Rock. Believe me, coming from a Punk fan, that's not the case.
Best blog I've read in a while. I have no gripes. You may get critics of yur style and straight forward comments but man, you were on. I look forward to the next blog you do
© 2011 eWrestlingNews, All Rights Reserved.


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Thread: Sky Altar
September 28th, 2011 #1Registered User
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- Feb 2011
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Sky Altar
Hi there, I would like to receive criticism and suggestions concerning my composition/colors/design for this piece, it's unfinished, but progressing.
My ''concept'' is an altar that is used to sacrifice someone in order to open a portal leading to the sky kingdom. (I also plan adding some kind of lightly glowing shattered crystals near the portal, to add a more magical feel to it)
Thank you!
- Similar Threads
- Art: Snake Altar (WOTC Eberron)
- Hmm some kind of Buddha altar.
Hide this ad by registering as a memberSeptember 29th, 2011 #2
Hey dude, cool start, I did this quick paintover of the piece illustrating where you can improve it.
Firstly your colors are over-saturated, remember that if you have a ton of strong colors everywhere than you totally lose the effect and it makes a painting monotonous. Also pay attention to atmospheric perspective (what happens visually to an object as it recedes in space).
Secondly look at how the perspective of the scene and the composition work together, the way you have your altar is so that the viewer is looking down at it and at the same time we have the city at eye level. This hurts the mood of the scene, so I re-painted your altar to be at eye level (or closer to) and made the city larger.
Lastly using a hill or obstruction in the corner of a landscape is a good way of showing depth, but you have to remember to show a parallax, that is, you have to have it overlapping other objects further ahead in the scene.
The Following User Says Thank You to Andrei B For This Useful Post: