text:
This section contains 4,046 words
(approx. 14 pages at 300 words per page)
Critical Essay by Brooke Allen
SOURCE: "Vile Bodies: A Futurist Fantasy," in Twentieth Century Literature, Vol. 40, No. 3, Fall 1994, pp. 318-28.
In the following essay, Allen contends that Waugh satirizes the principles of the Futurist movement in art and literature of the 1920s and 1930s in Vile Bodies.
One of Evelyn Waugh's most perceptive critics, Robert Murray Davis, has commented that "like many writers more obviously committed to modernist experiment, Waugh took great care to guide his readers by means of external form" [Evelyn Waugh, Writer, 1981]. It is true that Waugh was not "obviously" committed to experiment, but close readings of his early novels show that such experiment is indeed present. Pastiche and quotation, two devices much employed in the modern period, play an especially important role in his work. But in spite of Waugh's rather free use of many of the techniques of modernism, critics have been reluctant to classify even his work of the twenties and thirties as modernist, and, though it seems unusually characteristic of its period, his fiction cannot be relegated to any one contemporary artistic movement. In his youth Waugh affected a pose of ultra-modernity, but it is impossible not to believe that one of the principal pleasures he took in this role was in its power to outrage his elders, for Waugh always leaves the reader with the impression that he faced the period he did so much to define with a peculiar diffidence. Superficially the most "modern" of moderns, he is simultaneously the most mandarin.
In fact Waugh's attitude was quite pragmatic. He allowed himself the luxury of reaction by deploring all modernity, while all the time using whatever stylistic tricks modernist experiment afforded him: collage, the interior monologue, classical parody, the intrusive narrator, the camera eye, montage.
Waugh's education in modernism began in his early teens, and he attributed it to his young sister-in-law, Barbara Jacobs Waugh. "She was an agnostic, a socialist and a feminist…. My father always assumed (as I do now) that anything new was likely to be nasty. Barbara found a specific charm in modernity" (A Little Learning). For several years Waugh, too, was to find charm in modernity: "I halted between two opinions and thought it more showy to express the new." Waugh's involvement in the modern movement, however, shallow though it may have been, proved instrumental in forming not only the style of his novels but their content and their frame of reference. As George McCartney points out in his study of Waugh's involvement with the modernist movement, "at every turn, [Waugh's] writing pays parodic tribute to modernist art and literature" [Confused Roaring: Evelyn Waugh and the Modernist Tradition, 1987].
Though sometimes it was straightforward hommage, in general the "tribute" was to remain both parodic and uncomfortable throughout Waugh's career. There were several reasons for this ambivalence. First, there was the tendency of the various movements of modern art to ally themselves with one or another variety of political commitment: Waugh's rejection of such commitment, throughout most of his career, was firm. Another reason for Waugh's disaffection from modernist art evolved from his distaste for the aesthetic of Roger Fry and the other dominant theorists of Waugh's youth, an aesthetic Waugh perceived as dry and narrow. Also, he never fully accepted the validity of nonrepresentational art. Waugh's later railings against Picasso became something of a set piece in his old-fogey persona, but he was nonetheless sincere in his belief that "Titian might have though Frith intolerably common but he would have recognized that he was practicing the same art as himself. He could not think this of Picasso," and he picks out Gertrude Stein as a literary equivalent of Picasso, an example of a writer who is "outside the world-order in which words have a precise and ascertainable meaning" (Letters).
It is because of this disaffection from the dominant theories of modern aesthetics that Waugh's use of modern techniques concerned itself almost exclusively with their superficial characteristics, often in an openly parodic fashion. Waugh quickly moved from an early, and quite genuine, fascination with Cubism and Futurism, to an easy and familiar utilization of their more obvious techniques. His natural ability to pick up the jargon and rhetoric of a fashionable theory soon evolved into the style already fully in evidence in his first published piece of fiction, "The Balance" (1925), the way in which he was able to exploit isolated elements of avantgarde art so as to give a conventionally romantic, rather run-of-the-mill plot an air of clever modernity. In both his literature and his graphic art of the twenties and thirties, Waugh employed techniques borrowed from Cubism, Surrealism, Futurism, Constructivism, and Dada, though the philosophies informing all these schools remained essentially repellent to him. Waugh's presentation of the various schools of modern art is a reductive one which mocks each "ism" by flaunting its surface elements, never acknowledging that it might have any truly valuable raison d'être in itself.
When Waugh chose to confront modernity directly in his fiction, he usually did so parodically, as a method of emphasizing his own cynical and skeptical position. The Emperor Seth in Black Mischief is the ideal mouthpiece for everything Waugh found ridiculous not only in the modern world but in the very weight that the concept of "modernity" was given in the thirties discourse of progressivism. Similarly, Surrealism is mocked in Put Out More Flags, Expressionism in "The Balance," architectural Purism and the theories of Ozenfant and Corbusier in Decline and Fall. And in Vile Bodies Waugh parodied, though in a less direct way, both the philosophy and the mannerisms of Futurist art and rhetoric, answering its enthusiastic affirmations with his own resounding "No."
Vile Bodies was not one of Waugh's own favorites among his novels; it was hurriedly written during a time of considerable emotional upheaval, and to it he devoted little of his accustomed care over structural solidity. But despite his own disclaimers, this "lapse" is not to be regretted, for Waugh packed Vile Bodies with more detailed raw material than he did his other books. Frederick Stopp points out that Waugh applies the very techniques of modern art in the construction of the novel: "Everywhere pastiche keeps raising its irrepressible head, as in the constant intrusions of the language of the gossip columns, the superbly bogus conversations between middle-class matrons in a train to Aylesbury, and the stream of technical commentary overheard in the pits at the motor-race. The whole produces a patchwork impression which conceals the cunning with which the pasteboard figures have been mounted" [Evelyn Waugh, Portrait of the Artist, 1958]. This patchwork effect is expertly employed in order to achieve the effect of an impersonal narrative that is self-perpetuating, unauthored, as though Vile Bodies were a collage made up of jagged segments of contemporary magazines, newspapers, and conversation fragments. It is significant that Waugh wrote the novel at the height of his fascination with Hemingway, the writer he admired above all other moderns: the telephone conversations between Adam and Nina are, he later admitted, direct stylistic imitations of The Sun Also Rises.
George McCartney highlights noise as an integral factor of the more hellish scenes Waugh liked to portray. He specifies the "confused roaring" of the Bollinger Club at the opening of Decline and Fall, the whining race cars in Vile Bodies, the African feasts and drums in Black Mischief, the voices in Gilbert Pinfold, the popular music on the wireless played by the enlisted men in Sword of Honour, and he emphasizes "the hostility between eye and ear that recurs throughout Waugh's work." "In his fiction, savagery always manifests itself aurally." In Vile Bodies that noise is almost exclusively talk—most of it vacuous enough to qualify as noise, pure and simple. It is a quintessentially urban book as none of Waugh's other novels were to be, written in response to what Hugh Kenner characterizes as the "episodic" nature of city life in the twentieth century: "A city shaped by rapid transit, and later by a telephone network, delivers its experience in discrete packets" (The Mechanic Muse, 1987). Vile Bodies, appropriately, is an episodic book. The attention span of its characters is not long enough to justify more than episodic treatment, and in this, as in other elements, the novel marks the apex of Waugh's concern with modernist technique.
The novel also illustrates Kenner's thesis that "kinesis was the rhetoric of that decade [the twenties], when Americans did with pure motion what the English did about 1600 with language, and the French about 1880 with color" (The Counterfeiters: An Historical Comedy). With a minimum of description Waugh succeeds in reproducing the aura of the recently modernized, mechanized city almost solely through his use of accelerated dialogue and truncated conversations.
Just as Vile Bodies focuses specifically upon urban life, it also deals extensively with the characteristics of a modern city. Adam's forays to Doubting Hall are meant to emphasize, by contrast, the accelerated pace of London life (though Doubting Hall, of course, is no more reassuring a place than any other in the novel). In his use of modernity itself as a protagonist, and in his treatment of it, Waugh consciously parodies the Italian Futurists, whose manifesto he "studied" in early youth.
The Futurists had made a considerable impression during Waugh's childhood. Waugh was educated in the basic tenets of Futurism by Barbara Jacobs, and admits to having had an enthusiasm for C. R. W. Nevinson, the only English painter to become a Futurist after the dissemination of the Initial Manifesto of Futurism. In his autobiography Waugh states that his youthful admiration for the Futurists was "spurious" (Little), but his immersion in their work, brief as it was, provided him with a knowledge which was to be useful for the purposes of Vile Bodies. The vision behind Marinetti's rhetoric-glorious, but already highly tarnished by 1929, the year in which Waugh wrote the novel—is an ideal backcloth against which the stale, vapid characters of Vile Bodies are made to act out their futile lives; Marinettian themes and motifs are continually played out in both the subject matter and the style of the novel. Philosophically they are found inadequate again and again; stylistically, Waugh is able to use them to considerable effect. Thus, though much of Vile Bodies is devoted to mocking the beliefs of the Futurists, in its style Waugh pays them a certain sidelong homage.
The Triumph of the Machine: this was a constant refrain of the Futurists, who were intoxicated by the events of their own period—the flights of Wright and Bleriot, the advent not only of the automobile but of the racing car as well. "The opening and closing of a valve creates a rhythm just as beautiful but infinitely newer than the blinking of an animal eyelid," wrote Boccioni (Joshua C. Taylor, ed., Futurism, 1961); and Marinetti continually uses animal imagery to describe machinery, as he lays his "amorous hands" on the "torrid breasts" of "snorting beasts" (motorcars) (Selected Writings, 1972). The thesis of the Initial Manifesto extols the beauty, specifically, of steamers, locomotives, and airplanes as well as of automobiles.
Vile Bodies also treats these mechanical modes of transport, but while novelty (as with the Futurists) is stressed, the emphasis is finally placed on the staleness of the vision that these so recently new inventions now evoke. Even the shiny modernity of the works of mechanical magic is unable to dispel the sourness and sameness of life, and the machines in Vile Bodies produce for the most part not exhilaration but nausea.
The description of the steamship ride at the beginning of the novel is typical of the book's attitude toward modernity, "Sometimes the ship pitched and sometimes she rolled and sometimes she stood quite still and shivered all over…. 'Too, too sick-making,' said Miss Runcible, with one of her rare flashes of accuracy." The captive dirigible in which the Bright Young People give their party is another case in point. There is no reason whatever for giving the party in the dirigible—which is tethered only a few feet above the ground—except insofar as it represents a novelty, a new kind of party for the bored young people. "New," "unconventional," and "modern" though it is, the dirigible only induces the same nausea as the steamship. "Inside, the saloons were narrow and hot…. There were protrusions at every corner, and Miss Runcible had made herself a mass of bruises in the first half-hour. It was the first time that a party was given in an airship."
The airplane, a standard object of Futurist enthusiasm, gets no better treatment from Waugh. Marinetti had described the experience of flying in aesthetic terms: "As I looked at objects from a new point of view, no longer head on or from behind, but straight down, foreshortened, that is, I was able to break apart the old shackles of logic and the plumb lines of the ancient way of thinking" (Selected). Waugh's aesthetic reaction was very different, and in 1929 he wrote: "After a very short time one tires of this aspect of scenery. I think it is significant that a tower or a high hill are all the eminence one needs for observing natural beauties" (Labels). Waugh's work is everywhere permeated with the idea that the only advantage "progress" can bring is the perishable one of novelty; when that has worn off, the machine is empty of any value, having added nothing in the way of real aesthetic enjoyment or spiritual life. This is the attitude conveyed in the description of Nina's honeymoon voyage on an airplane to Monte Carlo: all the ingredients of the Futurist fantasy are present, but tarnished and tawdry after twenty years of unfulfilled promise. "Nina looked down and saw inclined at an odd angle a horizon of straggling red suburbs; arterial roads dotted with little cars; factories, some of them working, others empty and decaying … wireless masts and over-head power cables 'I think I'm going to be sick,' said Nina" (Vile).
The car, of course, is the prototypical Futurist symbol. Wyndham Lewis spoke of Marinetti's "automobilism," and of all Marinetti's imagery it is the automobile, specifically the racing car, that has proved the most memorable. This is partly due to his sexualization of the automobile, a legacy that has remained with us; it is also due to Marinetti's persistent deification of speed, and his use of the automobile as its physical symbol. "We declare that the world's splendour has been enriched by a new beauty; the beauty of speed. A racing motor-car … is more beautiful than the Victory of Samothrace" (Selected). He presents the automobile not only as the greatest achievement of human art but as a god in its own right, a modern Pegasus: "Dieu vehement d'une race d'acier, / Automobile ivre d'espace / qui pietines d'angoisse, les mors aux dents stridents" (Taylor). In thus usurping the position formerly held by deities, the automobile not only symbolizes the apex of men's material achievements, but represents a spiritual exaltation in its own right, as Joshua Taylor points out. The introduction to the Initial Manifesto sets this forward in revealing terms:
But, as we listened to the old canal muttering its feeble prayers and the creaking bones of sickly palaces above their damp green beards, under the windows we suddenly heard the famished roar of automobiles.
'Let's go!' I said. 'Friends, away! Let's go! Mythology and the Mystic Ideal are defeated at last….'
We went up to the three snorting beasts…. I stretched out on my car like a corpse on its bier, but revived at once under the steering wheel, a guillotine blade that threatened my stomach. (Selected).
This theme, of course, is directly parodied in the race-track segment of Vile Bodies and in Agatha Runcible's unhappy end. When Adam, Agatha, Miles, and Archie arrive at the race track the reader is treated to a disquisition on the difference between cars of "being" and of "becoming." "Some cars," the narrator tells us in his most formal mode,
mere vehicles with no purpose above bare locomotion … have definite "being" just as much as their occupants…. Not so the real cars, that become masters of men; those vital creations of metal who exist solely for their own propulsion through space…. These are in perpetual flux; a vortex of combining and disintegrating units.
McCartney takes this, and Agatha's subsequent hallucinations after her accident, to be parodies of Bergsonian thought; I believe it to be more indebted to Futurist rhetoric. As Taylor formulates it, the Futurists saw all objects as embodying two kinds of motion: "that which tends to move in on itself, suggesting in its centripetal force the internal mass of an object" (Waugh's cars of "being"), and "that which moves outward in space mingling with space itself" (the cars of "becoming"—the race cars, the "real" cars). Taylor points out that the Futurists share with Bergson the idea that the consciousness only perceives moments of flux rather than motionless objects. So while Waugh may parody Bergsonian ideas indirectly, he directly addresses those of the Futurists (Taylor).
Waugh refers directly to the Futurist aesthetic in his description of the statute reserved for the race's winner, "a silver gilt figure of odious design, symbolizing Fame embracing Speed." He also refers to it by making the most ruthless of the speed demons on the track an Italian, suggestively named Marino; Marino drives like "sheer murder" and is "a real artist and no mistake." Agatha's joining the race as spare driver is appropriate in that the whole novel, basically, has dealt with the theme of speed, and she is Speed's goddess. The most feckless and novelty-hungry of the Bright Young People, she personifies the general (though futile) speeding up of modern life which is one of the principal themes of Futurism: "Acceleration de la vie, qui a aujourd'hui presque toujours un rhythme rapide. Equilibrisme physique, intellectuel et sentimental de l'homme sur la corde tendue de la vitesse, parmi les magnetismes contradictoires. Consciences multiples et simultanées dans un même individu" (Marinetti, Mots).
"Already we live in the absolute, since we have already created speed, eternal and ever-present," wrote Marinetti (Selected), and Agatha Runcible, in her fevered ramblings, also lives in an absolute of sorts. (It should be noted that Agatha's neighbor in the nursing home has had his wits addled in another Futurist accident, a fall from an airplane). In the introduction to the Initial Manifesto Marinetti describes his own car wreck in terms of rebirth; after turning over into the ditch and drinking its muddy water he rises as a new man. Such, alas, is not the case for Agatha. She too suffers an accident, when her racing car crashes against a market cross, but far from being reborn, she staggers half senseless out of the wreckage and begins her steady decline toward death. Her delirium is a kind of Futurist nightmare in itself. "'Darling,' she said. 'How too divine … how are you?… how angelic of you all to come … only you must be careful not to fall out at the corners … ooh, just missed it. There goes that nasty Italian car … darling, do try and drive more straight, my sweet, you were nearly into me then…. Faster." The constant refrain of "Faster, faster" that Agatha hears is not only an ironic comment upon her own life but also a parodic reference to the principal Futurist obsession.
Another favorite subject of Futurist rhetoric was militarism, the glorification of war being one of the factors that contributed to the Futurists' fall from fashion after World War I. In his Manifeste naturiste, an influential text for the Futurists, Saint-Georges de Bouhelier declared that "the art of the future must be heroic," and the Futurists adopted this preoccupation in their unconventional fashion. Waugh appropriates this theme in order to make his jaundiced, disabused point; from the postwar perspective it was only too obvious that war had failed to be "the world's only hygiene." Vile Bodies ends on "the biggest battlefield in the history of the world." It is an ending that might seem inappropriate in the face of the novel's primary focus on its own self-enclosed social world, but it is actually the Futurist militaristic credo that is being invoked and mocked. The war as presented in the novel is markedly vague and unfocused; we do not even know who the combatants are. Like the Futurist ideals of Speed and Machinery, the advent of war leaves the essence of the world—its flatness and tiredness—remarkably unchanged.
While Waugh used the themes of the Futurists to invert and negate their philosophies, he also made use of certain elements of Futurist aesthetics in the actual execution of Vile Bodies. It is done in his usual manner, exploiting the principles behind the stylistic credos rather than practicing the techniques themselves. "Destroy the I in literature" Marinetti wrote: "that is, all psychology," and he urged Futurist writers to "substitute for human psychology, now exhausted, the lyric obsession with matter" (Selected). "Material has always been contemplated by a cold, distracted I, too preoccupied with itself, full of preconceived wisdom and human obsessions."
In Vile Bodies, as we have seen, the role of the narrator has been purposely suppressed, giving the reader the impression of a narrative that is self-generating, almost mechanical. When the narrator is in evidence he is neutral, formal, and machine-like. This antiseptic tone is affected in contrast to the narrated events: suicide, homosexuality, war, wife-selling, violent death, prostitution. The paucity of psychological exposition corresponds with Marinetti's cry for the artist to destroy the "psychology" in literature. "The suffering of a man is of the same interest to us as the suffering of an electric lamp, which, with spasmodic starts, shrieks out the most heartrending expressions of colour," wrote the Futurists (Taylor); appropriately enough, when Agatha disappears it is the car and not herself that is the subject of the driver's concern. Indeed, the Bright Young People's reactions to the violent events that befall them appear generally to be mechanical rather than emotional, and these affectless responses only add to the characters' already impenetrable masks.
In Vile Bodies Waugh's technique conforms with the Futurist principles of Dinamismo, compenetrazione, and simultaneita. These three principles are maintained through Waugh's extensive use of montage: the rapid cutting back and forth reinforces the dynamic effect, the various scenes penetrate one another via the abrupt switches from place to place. Simultaneity—"the synthesis of what one remembers and what one sees" (Apollonio, Futurist Manifestos, 1973)—is achieved through the juxtaposition of scenes and characters and the conversational non sequiturs that bridge the gaps in space from one almost indistinguishable gathering to another. Characters melt together; when Simon Balcaim, Adam Fenwick-Symes, and Miles Malpractice succeed one another as Mr. Chatterbox they lose whatever little individuality they possessed to begin with.
The Futurist artists' aim was to put the viewer into the center of the work of art, to make him feel at the vortex of a whirling dynamism. They maintained, as Boccioni explained, "unlike Cézanne, that the boundaries of the object tend to retreat towards a periphery (the environment) of which we are the center" (Apollonio). Waugh manages to achieve a similar effect by allowing the drunken, speeded-up gyrations of his cast of characters to encircle the reader, who thus himself becomes the only stable center.
Waugh's treatment of Futurist themes in Vile Bodies is typical of his general attitude toward modern art and theory. He usurps individual motifs and techniques and then superimposes them onto his structure—often, of course, with the purpose of mocking or criticizing some aspect of modern life, or indeed the modern school itself. His aim is to infuse his own skepticism into the aesthetic he chooses to parody, and thus to emphasize its absurdity and even, more seriously, its philosophical error. He argues passionately against the Futurists' idealization of war and destruction as morally cleansing, and shows their pseudo-religion of speed and machinery to be not only sterile but laughable as well. Waugh's own vision of the future was already, in youth as in middle age, a bleak and hopeless one, totally unlike that of the Futurists. In Vile Bodies he focused specifically on Futurism and its ideal, whereas in his next novel, Black Mischief, he would focus more generally upon the hazier notion of "progressivism"—but in all his work the vacuity of modernity in all its guises is emphasized.
This section contains 4,046 words
(approx. 14 pages at 300 words per page)


text:
The need for blood is constant. Most often donated blood is needed by a child or cancer patient, but other uses include: premature infants and their mothers, auto accident, trauma and burn victims, surgery patients, those with anemia or a compromised immune system – to name only a few. Blood donations save lives and there is no artificial substitute – donors save lives. It's that simple.
Here are some of the ways LifeShare allows you to save local lives – including your own:
What is a whole blood donation?
For a whole blood donation, about one pint of blood is collected and separated into red cells, platelets and plasma; and cryoprecipitate is also manufactured to allow a single person's gift to save or sustain as many as four lives in their community. The actual act of giving whole blood is between six- and 10 minutes; the whole process including a health history screening and mini-physical takes about 45 minutes.
What is a double red cell donation?
You can give two units of red blood cells with no side effects other than feeling twice as good about saving lives. Red blood cells are the most used blood component for surgery, trauma and treatment of blood disorders. When an individual donates whole blood, LifeShare separates a single unit of red blood cells using manual procedures in the laboratory. Now, new technologies allow for the collection of two units of red cells from a single donation through a process known as double red cell (2RBC) apheresis. The special advantage of the procedure is that you are able to give two units of red blood cells without any ill effects. Plus, this procedure involves a small needle and donors are given a hydrating boost of saline solution during the process.
Who should donate double red cells?
Donors with blood types O and B typically are the best for this donation procedure. These are the types most in demand from hospitals served by The Blood Center and the types most difficult to provide in adequate quantities.
Are there any special requirements for donating double red cells?
Yes. The weight and height requirements are different for both men and women.
• Males: Minimum 130 pounds and 5'1" in height
• Females: Minimum 150 pounds and 5'3" in height
• Iron level: For both men and women – 40 percent or 13.3 hemoglobin
• Donation interval: three times annually or every 16 weeks (versus six times annually or every eight weeks for a whole blood donation)
Other reasons to donate double red blood cells through apheresis:
• You will help LifeShare better match your donation to the needs of patients.
• You will help stabilize the regional blood inventory, especially in times when blood donations are needed most.
• You will maximize your ability to help others without extra visits to donate.
What is a red cell plasma donation (RCP)?
When you give RCP you are able to donate a unit of red cells along with a unit of plasma.
Red cells are the most commonly needed component of blood. Most often donated red cells are used by cancer or leukemia patients, but other uses include: accident and trauma victims, premature babies and their mothers, and those with compromised immune systems or anemia, just to name a few.
Plasma is often used to save those suffering from rare, chronic diseases and disorders or those undergoing major surgery, as well as treatment of severe burns and shock.
The actual process of donating RCP is only about 25 minutes and can save or sustain three lives. The body will replace the donated plasma in about 24 hours and the red cells in a few weeks.
This donation type may be given every 56 days, but to qualify, you must be a male weighing at least 150 pounds with a hemoglobin count of 12.5 or better.
About therapeutic blood donations:
If you have a condition and are required to have blood drawn as a form of treatment, you may come to LifeShare for the procedure. To contact LifeShare's special donations coordinator, please call Heather Tackett at 440.322.5700 ext. 201 or by e-mail at firstname.lastname@example.com.
What is platelet pheresis and why am I needed?
Platelets are blood component that helps control bleeding. Most often donated platelets are transfused into a child or adult battling cancer or leukemia. During harsh but necessary radiation and chemotherapy treatments, patients' platelets are destroyed placing them at risk of fatal hemorrhaging.
Unlike red blood cells, which can be stored for 42 days after donation, platelets only have a five day shelf life. Because testing takes two days, we have a narrow three-day period for transfusion to the patient. Because of the number of cancer and leukemia patients we are now able to save with advances in transfusion medicine, coupled with a short shelf-life, the need for platelet donors is continuous.
How is a platelet donation different from the traditional blood donation?
Platelets are only one component of blood. There are two other types of components which comprise what most of us refer to as "blood." These components are called red blood cells and plasma. When you cut yourself and see your blood, you can't actually see with your naked eye the components, but they exist and each has specific functions.
During a traditional blood donation, a person donates about one pint of blood. Shortly after the donation is completed, our laboratory then separates that blood into its three components and also manufactures cryoprecipitate. Because there are only approximately two ounces of platelets in this traditional blood donation, five different donors' platelets must be combined to create one therapeutic dose.
A platelet pheresis donation differs from a whole blood donation in a few basic ways:
During apheresis, the three components of your blood (red cells, platelets and plasma) are separated while you donate instead of after your donation. Your blood is separated with a machine that can isolate the platelets and keep them while returning the red cells and plasma back to you.
Is it safe to donate platelets?
Yes, it is safe to donate platelets. Your blood never comes in contact with the machine. The material used to collect your blood is a sterile one-use-only kit . As a result, you can not contract AIDS or any other transmissible disease from donating platelets. In addition, healthy people have an ample supply of platelets in their bodies. So you will still have more than enough platelets left after your donation. In fact, your body will replenish the platelets you have donated within 72 hours.
Who can donate platelets?
If you meet the requirements for giving blood, you probably can give platelets. Platelets donors must:
• Be at least 17 years old.
• Must have successfully donated whole blood or automated double red cells at least once.
• Be in good health.
• Weigh at least 110 pounds.
• Not have taken aspirin or products containing aspirin for 48 hours prior to donation.
While a platelet donation takes from 60- to 90 minutes, you get a chance to sit in a comfortable chair, watch a movie or just relax and enjoy other people who give in this special way. If you are interested in making an appointment to donate in Lorain County, call 440.322.7150; in Cuyahoga County, call 1.800.317.5412 ext. 132; in Stark County, call 330.489.1076.
What is plasma apheresis?
Modern, sophisticated medical equipment can now collect plasma for transfusion from a single donor, returning the rest of the blood's components back to you during the process. It is a simple, safe process that is quite similar to standard blood donation.
Why is plasma needed?
Blood is made of four components: platelets, plasma, red blood cells, and white blood cells. Plasma is instrumental in maintaining blood pressure and supplying critical proteins for blood clotting and immunity. Plasma transfusion is most often used to control bleeding due to low levels of some clotting factors. Plasma helps many of our community's most defenseless patients including newborn babies, leukemia patients, burn patients, and those who have undergone transplant or cardiovascular therapy.
What is the experience like?
Through a sophisticated process called apheresis, whole blood is separated into components and the plasma is removed. During the comfortable process donors relax, watch TV or read. The entire process takes about 15-20 minutes longer than a whole blood donation and your body's plasma is replenished in about 48 hours.
How often can I donate plasma?
Plasma pheresis can be safely given every 28 days.
What is granulocyte pheresis donation and why am I needed?
When a patient needs a granulocyte (gran ye lo site), the LifeShare staff shifts into emergency overdrive.
The concentrated white cell donation, or series of donations, is called for when every form of antibiotic therapy has failed and generally either the patient's life or an appendage is immediately at stake.
The urgency of the clinical situation and fragility of the cellular matter require the granulocyte be transfused into the patient immediately after donation. The patient is infused slowly over two- to four-hours.
Formed in the bone marrow, granulocytes are defined on the basis of their granular appearance on microscopic examination after application of a stain.
Donors for this emergency, patient-specific product are very difficult to identify. Donations must be compatible by blood type and RH factor. In most cases the attending physician also requires a donor who is cytomegalovirus (CMV) negative.
The donation process for granulocytes is done through apheresis and is similar to donating platelets. The same cell separating machine is used, but the procedure time is longer and can take up to 135 minutes.
LifeShare is the only source of granulocytes to all of Northern Ohio. The Blood Center also provides the first donor in a patient's series with a teddy bear and a card to personalize. The gift and personal well-wishes are sent to the patient along with the emergency white cell donation.
If you are willing to be placed on our First Responders List to save a person whose life is immediately at stake, please call 440.322.7150 or toll free 800.317.5412 ext. 132.
What is an autologous or directed donation?
Individuals may donate blood for their own scheduled surgeries. This is known as an autologous donation. Patients may also recruit friends or family members to donate blood on their behalf prior to elective surgery. Although no evidence exists that this manner of donation is safer than blood from the community blood supply, LifeShare Community Blood Services offers this option as part of its commitment to patient service. For more information please call 1.440.322.5700 ext. 201 or e-mail email@example.com to reach Special Donations Coordinator Heather Tackett.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The United States sanctioned a state-owned energy company in Belarus for doing business with Iran.
Belarusneft entered into a $500 million contract with the NaftIran Intertrade Company in 2007 for the development of the Jofeir oilfield in Iran, the State Department said in an announcement Tuesday. The State Department said it conducted a thorough review to confirm its findings.
The sanctions threshold for such investments is $20 million.
Under the sanctions, Belarusneft cannot do business with any U.S. company under penalty of law.
"This is an appropriate response to Iran's longstanding use of its oil and gas sector to facilitate its proliferation activities and thereby its noncompliance with its nuclear obligations," the statement said.
The statement noted divestments from Iran's energy sector since President Obama signed an enhanced sanctions act last summer, including by five major companies in Norway, Japan, France, Italy and the Netherlands.
We welcome your feedback.
Privacy Policy
Your information will not be shared or sold without your consent. Get all the details.
Terms of Service
JewishJournal.com has rules for its commenting community.Get all the details.
JewishJournal.com reserves the right to use your comment in our weekly print publication.


text:
<< Back to Search Results
Located in suburban Atlanta, WellStar Health System is ApolloMDs longest tenured client. ApolloMD physicians treat over 300,000 annual patients across the four emergency departments. With industry awards ranging from Integrated Delivery Networks to Working Mother Magazines Best Places to Work, WellStar strives to provide the best care possible with Atlanta's top medical professionals.
WellStar Douglas Hospital, located just northwest of Atlanta in Douglasville, sees 66,000 patients each year in its 32 bed emergency department. Through a dynamic scheduling approach, WellStar Douglas has 40 hours of daily physician coverage along with 46 hours of Physician Assistant coverage.
'Must have at least 2 years ED experience
As the unofficial capital of the South, Atlanta offers distinct charm and endless entertainment with sporting events, museums, botanical gardens, and the largest aquarium in the world.


text:
LA SELVA Te Rojo Pu-Erh 20 Saquitos
La Selva Te Rojo
Uruguayan Red Tea
Uruguayan Herbal Tea used to help reduce obesity caused by a bad diet. Helps clean and purify the body. Favors fat-rich food digestion. Helps to activate the metabolism of the liver. Claims to reduce cholesterol levels and reinforce the immune system. Helps fight mood swings and mild depressions. Three infusions a day. Drink the first infusion on an empty stomach. Preparation: Place tea bag in a teapot or cup and pour boiling water. Let stand for 3 minutes before serving. 20 Teabags per package.


text:
by Reid Chandler, KCRG-TV9
Elizabeth Han isn't your average high school athlete; she would rather use her speed and endurance on calculations that pop up everyday.
My parents started teaching me math when I was pretty young, she said. And at first, I didn't appreciate it, but afterwards I really liked the way that numbers worked together.
This Iowa City West sophomore says that's what brought her to this year's American Regions Mathematics League.
Sometimes, when I'm walking around town, I'll look at the numbers on license plates and just factor them or do other calculations, she said.
She's one of 400 students, split into 30 teams representing regions of the Midwest, competing today for the grand title.
It's really the top kids from all around the nation, said Steven Condie, the Iowa site coordinator for the league. It's really a high-level mathematics contest.
Three other competition sites in Las Vegas, Pennsylvania and Georgia - all holding events simultaneously - calculate scores among each other digitally to rank the nation's top mathematicians.
I think it's been at least 10 years since we've had a winner here, he said.
But Indiana team-member Mark Sellke's perfect 10-out-of-10 score today sets the bar pretty high.
It's great to be here and have fun with other kids who really enjoy math, but winning is definitely something that would be really nice too, he said.
Regardless of placement, these students all seem to have professions of teaching math in their dreams.
I'll probably be a math professor, like my father, Han said.
And Steven says there's a high probability a handful of these 400 mathletes will one day change the world.
These are the leaders of our next generation, he said. These are the kids who are gonna come up with solutions to our really vexing problems.


text:
About Us
Our Goals
Know the Facts
Who We Are
Our Goals
Washington CeaseFire believes there are several laws that should be passed to reduce gun violence in Washington State. Those states that have the most restrictive gun legislation have just one-sixth the level of gun violence versus those states with the least restrictive laws, according to the book, "Private Gun, Public Health," by Dr. David Hemenway of the Harvard School of Public Health. Other states have: closed the gun-show loophole; banned the sale of military-style assault weapons; limited handgun sales to one per month; carefully regulated concealed weapon permits, and banned open carrying of guns. None of those policies apply in Washington state, which ranks among the most loosely regulated states in terms of guns. Washington CeaseFire believe those policies should be adopted to save lives in Washington state.
Washington CeaseFire content is licensed under a creative commons attribution-noncommercial-share alike 3.0 United States License
Site design and development by
Coyne Design
Powered by
Soapbox CMS


text:
'Working the Engels': Andrea Martin's bonds with Martin Short and Eugene Levy still holdAdd to Favorites | Working the Engels
Zap2it: "Working the Engles" turned out to be an "SCTV" reunion of sorts, with Martin Short and Eugene Levy making guest appearances. How was it working with these old friends again?
Andrea Martin: We were in Toronto and that's where we shot "SCTV," so it did feel like no time had passed and here we were on a soundstage in Toronto making each other laugh. I don't know, in some ways it feels like we've all certainly gone off and done different things in our careers, but the bond was so tight when we did "SCTV," it just felt like there was no effort, I guess, in our acting together.
Zap2it: Your character on "Engels," Ceil, is very protective of her adult children.
Andrea Martin: Yes, yes. I've tried over the years not to be so enabling (laughs), so it was actually interesting to do this character over the course of 12 shows and see maybe the overly protective love I've had for my own sons and the danger that happens when you do that -- they can't think for themselves. So it was kind of therapeutic as well as entertaining.
Zap2it: Executive producer Katie Ford said you bring a warmth to the dismissive lines Ceil utters. Is that by design?
Andrea Martin: Yes, you know it was important to me really not to do that. I think it's a pitfall that maybe ... comedies require that kind of arch or maybe that's a characteristic of a lot of older women on camera, that arch kind of putdown, sarcastic delivery, and God knows I can do that. But it was important to me to stay clear of that, actually, and to try to find a genuine love for my children. That's what I set out to do, and God knows they honored that.
Photo/Video credit: NBC


text:
|calendar>>February 11. 2014 Juche 103
Art Performance Given by Koreans in China
|Beijing, February 10 (KCNA) -- An art performance was given by the Zhongnan Regional Association of the General Association of Koreans in China in Beijing on Feb. 10 to celebrate the birth anniversary of leader Kim Jong Il.
Among the audience were Choe Un Bok, chairwoman of the General Association of Koreans in China, the chairman of the Zhongnan Regional Association of the General Association of Koreans in China, Koreans in China and Ji Jae Ryong, DPRK ambassador to China.
In such numbers as narration and chorus "The Embrace of My Motherland", an immortal masterpiece, female solo "Our Hearts Follow the Leader", male chorus "I Will Remain Your Son Forever" male solo "Ardent Desire" and dance "Great Joy" the performers vividly represented ardent longing for Kim Jong Il and deep reverence for Marshal Kim Jong Un.
The performance ended with chorus "Our Leader Loved by People". It was acclaimed by the audience.
Copyright (C) KOREA NEWS SERVICE(KNS) All Rights Reserved.


text: 5 March 2014 Board meeting Click here for the Board meeting video-on-demand Click here to download Adobe Flash Player The agenda included a discussion on: FSA legal powers in the context of the interim report of the Elliott Review into the Integrity and Assurance of Food Supply Networks situation report – reduction of campylobacter from poultry mandatory fortification of bread and flour with folic acid – advice to Scottish ministers FSA salt programme update: Scotland and Northern Ireland performance update on operational activity Proposal to merge FSA audit and FSA risk committees PodcastsFood Standards Agency open Board meetings are also available as podcasts. This means that complete audio coverage of each meeting can be downloaded onto your computer or MP3 player for accessing at your convenience. Subscribe to FSA Board meetings email alerts Related pages FSA Board The Agency's Board is currently chaired by Tim Bennett and has between eight and twelve members. The Board is responsible for the overall strategic direction of the FSA, ensuring that it fulfils its legal obligations so that its decisions or actions take proper account of scientific advice, the interests of consumers and other relevant factors.


text:
AP source: Armstrong tells Oprah Winfrey he doped
Betsy Andreu, the wife of former Armstrong teammate Frankie Andreu, was one of the first to publicly accuse Armstrong of using performance-enhancing drugs. She called news of Armstrong's confession "very emotional and very sad," and got choked up as well when asked to comment.
"He used to be one of my husband's best friends and because he wouldn't go along with the doping, he got kicked to the side. Lance could have a positive impact if he tells the truth on everything. He's got to be completely honest," she said.
At least one of his opponents, the London-based Sunday Times, has already filed a lawsuit to recover about $500,000 it paid him to settle a libel case, and Dallas-based SCA Promotions, which tried to deny Armstrong a promised bonus for a Tour de France win, has threatened to bring yet another lawsuit seeking to recover more than $7.5 million an arbitration panel awarded the cyclist in that dispute.
In addition, former teammate Floyd Landis, who was stripped of the 2006 Tour de France title for doping, has filed a federal whistle-blower lawsuit that accused Armstrong of defrauding the U.S. Postal Service. An attorney familiar with Armstrong's legal problems told the AP that the Justice Department is highly likely to join the lawsuit. The False Claims Act lawsuit could result in Armstrong paying a substantial amount of money to the U.S. government. The deadline for the department to join the case is Thursday, though the department could seek an extension if necessary.
According to the attorney, who works outside the government, the lawsuit alleges that Armstrong defrauded the U.S. government based on his years of denying use of performance-enhancing drugs. The attorney spoke on condition of anonymity because the source was not authorized to speak on the record about the matter.
The lawsuit most likely to be influenced by a confession might be the Sunday Times case. Potential perjury charges stemming from Armstrong's sworn testimony in the 2005 arbitration fight would not apply because of the statute of limitations. Armstrong was not deposed during the federal investigation that was closed last year.
Armstrong is said to be worth around $100 million. But most sponsors dropped him after USADA's scathing report - at the cost of tens of millions of dollars - and soon after, he left the board of Livestrong.
After the USADA findings, he was also barred from competing in the elite triathlon or running events he participated in after his cycling career. World Anti-Doping Code rules state his lifetime ban cannot be reduced to less than eight years. WADA and U.S. Anti-Doping officials could agree to reduce the ban further depending on what information Armstrong provides and his level of cooperation.
Whether his confession would begin to heal those ruptures and restore that reputation remains to be seen.
Diagnosed with testicular cancer in October 1996, the disease soon spread to his lungs and brains. Armstrong's doctors gave him a 40 percent chance of survival at the time and never expected he'd compete at anything more strenuous than gin rummy. Winning the demanding race less than three years later made Armstrong a hero.
Jim Litke reported from Chicago. Pete Yost in Washington also contributed to this report.
The Associated Press


text:
Tastemakers 2009 Walead Beshty
by A. Moret / produced by Mayer Rus / portrait by Scott Council
The conceptual explorations of this London-born artist find fertile ground in Los Angeles. Take, for example, Passages, Beshty's recent installation at LAXART, which required visitors to walk on a tempered mirrored surface laid throughout the gallery. A single step or shift in weight caused the glass to splinter beneath the thin laminate coating. Such intricate shattering reflects the aggressively inquisitive artist's sensibilities— his work moves in unpredictable directions across many disciplines, including photography, sculpture and writing.
Beshty studied at Bard College and the Yale University School of Art before moving west. In 2004, when he was just two years out of college, his first solo exhibition debuted in New York, and he quickly captured the attention of the international art world with his probing meditations on political and social conditions. A 2005 solo exhibition at China Art Objects Galleries and a 2006 installation at the Hammer Museum followed. Beshty's presence in the city remains a boon not only for his students at Art Center College of Design but for the entire art community.


text:
CPS Energy
CPS Energy is the nation's largest municipally-owned utility providing both electric and natural gas service to the San Antonio metropolitan area. An independent board of trustees governs CPS Energy.
Mailing Address:
CPS Energy
Sustainable Growth Office – Economic Development
P.O. Box 1771
San Antonio, TX 78296-1771
Electric Power
Electric Service Area
CPS Energy is a forward-thinking organization that uses clean energy harvested from wind, solar and landfill gas to power San Antonio with 21st century energy options. CPS Energy is capitalizing on its aggressive clean energy initiatives and energy efficiency programs to meet its goal of achieving 1,500 megawatts (MW) of renewable energy power, or 20% of total generation capacity, by 2020. To encourage the consumption and development of renewable energy and energy efficiency, CPS Energy offers a variety of incentives and programs to both commercial and industrial customers.
Generating Plants
At the end of fiscal year (January 31, 2010), CPS Energy utilize a diverse fuel mix including coal, nuclear, natural gas, solar and wind to generate a total capacity of 7,006 MW for the San Antonio service territory. CPS Energy registered 4,738 MW of peak demand on August 23, 2010.
Electric Transmission System
The CPS Energy Transmission System interconnects the generating plants with distribution substations located throughout the service area. In addition, the CPS Energy Transmission System is part of the interconnected transmission grid operated by the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT). ERCOT serves as the regional security coordinator for the North American Reliability Council, the Independent System Operator and the Regional Transmission Organization for the transmission grid serving the majority of Texas.
Electric Distribution System
CPS Energy distributes power through strategically located distribution substations. Each substation has from one to six power transformers with capabilities based on the load density. These substations feed approximately 535 distribution circuits, serving retail customers in the CPS Energy service area. As of January 2010, CPS Energy served 707,000 electric customers.
Service Continuity
A well maintained, well-engineered electric system and a temperate climate help CPS Energy provide continuous, reliable electric service. From the Emergency Management Center (EMC), highly trained technicians using the latest in computer technology monitor the flow of energy in CPS Energy's 1,566-square-mile service area 24 hours a day.
Electric Rates
The annual average electric rates for industrial users in San Antonio are competitive when compared to other utilities across the state and nation. In addition, in 2010, San Antonio residential bills ranked lowest when compared to the 20 largest U.S. cities. Using the appropriate and most advantageous rate schedule, CPS Energy economic development staff will gladly calculate an estimated electric bill based on specific consumption (kWh) and demand (KW) figures.
Economic Incentive Rider
CPS Energy has an economic incentive rider applicable to entities that bring, or add, at least 10 MW of new electric load to CPS Energy.
Natural Gas
Natural Gas Service Area
CPS Energy provides natural gas to over 331,000 residential, commercial and industrial customers in a 640-square-mile area in San Antonio, Bexar County and parts of Comal County. The system can be expanded to serve customers in other areas. For more information about natural gas services in San Antonio, click here.
Gas Transmission System
The Gas Transmission System has 88 miles of 16-inch through 30-inch transmission mains that feed an extensive intermediate pressure supply system and provide access to four major natural gas transmission lines and numerous natural gas suppliers.
Gas Distribution System
Nearly 4,400 miles of 14-inch to 30-inch cathodically protected steel and plastic mains make up the gas distribution system. CPS Energy has sufficient capacity to supply additional industrial load. As of January 2010, CPS Energy serve more than 320,000 gas customers.
Gas Service Continuity
As with the electric system, personnel from the Emergency Management Center (EMC) continuously monitor the natural gas system and remotely control all major components. Customers receive gas via a modern, reliable pipeline system that delivers the fuel even during heavy winter peak demand. Some 250 highly trained employees ensure reliability around the clock. As a natural gas distribution utility, CPS Energy adheres to the natural gas supply and priority use regulations established by the Texas Railroad Commission and the Federal Government. CPS Energy uses a pool of 60 gas providers to maintain competitive prices, guarantee adequate supply, and meet customer demands.
Gas Rates
Gas rates are below the national average and competitive when compared to other utilities across the state. This is due largely to the fact that gas supply is more accessible and can be secured more economically in this area of the country than in many other areas. Using the appropriate and most advantageous rate schedule, CPS Energy staff will gladly calculate an estimated annual bill based upon specific consumption and demand figures.
Development Plans
Electric and Natural Gas Systems
Ranked as one of the best-managed and most economical utilities in the nation, CPS Energy is positioned to handle present needs as well the vibrant future growth expected in the San Antonio area.
Sound financial management enables the utility to enjoy AA+, Aal, and AA ratings from Fitch Ratings, Moody's Investors Service, Inc., and Standard and Poor's Rating Services, respectively.
The gas system is one of the best, most reliable systems in the country, offering an ample gas supply. CPS Energy has sufficient capacity to provide economical natural gas to new industrial development and growth in the San Antonio area. The CPS Energy electric and gas systems continue to meet present and future energy requirements and will continue to provide reliable gas and electric service for CPS Energy customers. In addition, CPS Energy continues to prepare for the future.
The North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC) is urging utilities to have both primary and secondary control centers. To address this, CPS Energy has completed the construction of a new Emergency Management Center (EMC), making CPS Energy the leader in system control in Texas. System reliability is enhanced at the new EMC by utilizing one of the most advanced computer controlled, redundant on-line utility control systems available, making it possible now to control field switches past the substation.
In addition, CPS Energy has a state-of-the-art communications system, which enhances internal operations, as well as allows the utility to communicate with its customers. The system consists of a fiber optic network and wireless technology, which offers limitless possibilities in electronic information transfer. More than 500 miles of fiber optic cable make up the backbone of the communications system.
Wireless technology also plays a vital role in the CPS Energy communication system. Currently, CPS Energy owns more than 60 radio towers. The towers, in conjunction with CPS Energy's continuous automation of field devices in substations and in the electric distribution system, increase the reliability and efficiency of electric service.
CPS Energy continues the implementation of new state-of-the-art system control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems for both electric transmission and distribution systems. Implementation of a new gas SCADA began the first quarter of 2003. These systems provide CPS Energy with advanced capabilities for managing the safe and reliable delivery of energy to its customers.
Clean Energy
CPS Energy is a forward-thinking organization and uses clean energy harvested from wind, solar and landfill gas to power San Antonio with 21st Century energy options. CPS Energy is capitalizing on its aggressive clean energy initiatives and energy efficiency programs to meet their goal of achieving 1,500 megawatts (MW) of renewable energy power, or 20% of total generation capacity, by 2020.
To encourage the consumption and development of renewable energy and energy efficiency, CPS Energy offers a variety of incentives and programs to both commercial and industrial customers. For more information on CPS Energy and clean energy efforts, click here.
Commercial and Industrial Rebates
Designed to help make your business operation more energy efficient, CPS Energy offers rebates for Heating & Cooling Equipment, Reflective Roof Products, Commercial Lighting, Premium Efficiency Motors, Innovative Technologies, Solar Photovoltaic and Incentives for New Commercial Construction and Demand Response. For more information on CPS Energy and industrial rebates, click here.
Renewable Energy Options
Windtricity is the green energy program that enables your company to purchase clean, renewable power from West Texas and coastal wind farms. CPS Energy currently acquires 859 MW of wind-generated electricity, making the utility the largest municipal purchaser of wind energy in the United States.
CPS Energy is also harvesting solar power through purchase agreements in place for over 40 MW of solar power. Recently, the Blue Wing Solar farm came online generating 14 MW of solar power, and another 30 MW is scheduled to come into the CPS Energy system by 2012 from a SunEdison project under development.
For more information on CPS Energy, visit www.cpsenergy.com.


text:
Let's be honest for a second: This season of"The Real Housewives of New York City"has been pretty lackluster. In fact, over the past eight episodes, not much has happened and not much has changed.
Yes, we have the Ramona vs. Heather wars and Carole's unsettling feelings towards LuAnn ... but what real drama have we seen this season? Is it just because the newbies aren't crazy enough? Is Andy Cohen regretting firing Jill Zarin, Alex (and Simon) McCord and Kelly Bensimon?


text:
The Chinese formed the tip of the iceberg on which the Fifteenth Amendment foundered in California, but a more important cause for failure to ratify was the almost forgotten lower portion—white racism. In the nineteenth century the majority of white Americans believed they were superior to the non-white people in the United States and in the world. Native-born white Americans accepted immigrants from Northern and Western Europe, the so-called Nordic or Teutonic groups. They discriminated against other white groups with varying degrees of intensity and they reserved a special scorn for American Indians, blacks, and Asians.
In 1850 the foreign-born population of the United States numbered 2,250,000; eleven years later the figure had risen to 4,000,000. Included in the latter number were 1,500,000 Irish and 1,225,000 German immigrants. Unless the new immigrants were of a favored group or religion, most Americans received them with anxiety, contempt, and hatred. The California nativist agreed with Easterners and Midwesterners that foreigners threatened the country both economically and morally. From the beginning of the gold rush, white Americans in the diggings resented almost every foreign or colored group—the French, Chileans, Peruvians, Spanish, and African-Americans. Almost immediately the whites took particular exception to the Mexicans and Chinese, two of the largest foreign groups. Although only 962 blacks lived in the state, the miners feared that whites who owned slaves would bring them into the mining areas and offer what was, in the miners' opinions at least, unfair competition. There were grounds for this fear in the appearance at Rose Bar on the Yuba River of a group of Texans and their slaves. The miners lost no time in asking them to leave and in electing William E. Shannon their delegate to the Constitutional Convention. Shannon introduced the anti-slavery provision that became part of the Constitution. The miners fervently believed that California's mineral wealth should be reserved for free white citizens of the approved "Anglo-Saxon" strain.
As the gold seekers surged into the state, California gained close to 100,000 new residents in two years. They overwhelmed not only the native Californios, but the native Indians as well. In their rush to the gold fields, the prospectors crushed the Indians, who in reality had a far more legitimate claim to citizenship than the newly naturalized Germans, Irish, English, and Scandinavians. California's Indians numbered 250,000 in 1769; by 1870 disease, destruction of their lands, and violence had reduced them to 30,000. Californians, and no doubt most Americans, evidently agreed with Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. who, in 1855, observed that if the Indians died out "the canvas [would be] ready for a picture of manhood a little more like God's own image." Anti-black delegates to the 1849 California Constitutional Convention made serious but vain efforts to exclude African Americans from the state, and before long the legislature also attempted to ban blacks.
In 1850 approximately 10,000 Mexicans returned to their country under threats of violence. By 1852 the 20,000 to 25,000 Chinese formed the largest minority group in the state. In a letter written in 1852 from Rich Bar on the Feather River, Louise Clappe told her sister, "they have passed a set of resolutions for the guidance of the inhabitants during the summer; one of which is to the effect that no foreigner shall work in the mines on that Bar." "Dame Shirley," as Mrs. Clappe called herself, was probably one of the few early California settlers who believed such laws to be "selfish, cruel and narrow-minded in the extreme." Agitation for Chinese exclusion from the mines and from the state began early and continued up to and beyond 1882 when Congress passed the first Chinese exclusion act.
Although Californians displayed intense prejudice, they were by no means unique in nineteenth century America. In support of white superiority, Americans relied on the Bible and on the "scientific" evidence that bolstered their prejudiced views. Racist Americans found proof of black inferiority in the Old Testament story of Noah and the curse of perpetual servitude placed on Canaan and his descendants. Other racists saw their prejudice as being either a natural instinct or one implanted by God. Less thoughtful racists simply based their bias on physical differences and assumed that black features were inferior. Prejudiced Americans faulted blacks on social and economic grounds and seldom stopped to reflect that white-imposed restrictions might account for the condition of African-Americans. Some Americans also believed that God had ordained the position of blacks, and so interfering with it meant rejecting the Bible.
White supremacists who doubted the Biblical sanction of slavery or of black inferiority could turn to the many anthropological studies that supported racist views. A book that went through nine printings between 1854 and 1900 was Dr. Josiah C. Nott and George R. Gliddon"s
Types of Mankind
. Nott was a physician who had received a medical degree from the University of Pennsylvania and practiced medicine in Mobile, Alabama. Gliddon was an Englishman and lecturer who was a student of Egyptology. The authors' main idea was that no black or Indian or other non-white showed high intelligence unless he possessed at least one white ancestor. Nott and Gliddon claimed to have scientific evidence of Caucasian superiority.
In 1867 Hinton R. Helper, a North Carolinian, published his strongly anti-black book,
. "We should so far yield to the evident designs and purposes of Providence," Helper wrote, "as to be willing and anxious to see the Negroes, like the Indians and all other effete and dingy-hued races, gradually exterminated from the face of the whole earth." In his
White Supremacy and Negro Subordination
(1868), John Van Evrie expressed similar views. He believed that educating the "Negro" would do "irrevocable damage to his brain." Both men denounced white advocates of black equality, and Helper warned against accepting African-Americans as citizens, saying "God forbid that we should ever do this most foul and wicked thing."
At least as damaging as the books of these men were the anti-black views of well-known Harvard University naturalist Louis Agassiz. At various times after his arrival in the United States in 1846, Agassiz expressed beliefs that blacks were innately inferior and could never equal whites. Agassiz continued to hold his racist position although he remained loyal to the Union during the Civil War and numbered New England abolitionists among his friends. The prevailing belief in white supremacy influenced even those who fought for black rights. Most Republicans who favored freeing the slaves (and at the beginning of the Civil War not all Republicans favored that) could not support complete political equality for blacks when the war was over. To many Northerners the blacks seemed as unknown and strange as the Chinese did to Californians. In both cases, knowledge on the part of the whites was superficial and what they did know about the blacks' condition aroused fear and anxiety. In addition, more than 200 years of a traditional belief in the superiority of the white race proved difficult to overcome.
It was a strong belief of Western thought in the nineteenth century that race could explain character. If traits of temperament and intelligence are hereditary, the men who explored the subject said, then environment and education can only make slight changes. Charles Darwin's
On the Origin of Species
, published in 1859, spurred the already vigorous attempts to measure racial differences. Darwin's conclusion that all races belonged to a single species answered the much-discussed question of whether man had originated from a single or from multiple sources. But his theory of evolution encouraged new ideas about racial superiority. Caucasians seized the idea of natural selection and changed it to the idea of a struggle between individuals, classes, nations, and especially races. Nature uses conflict, the new racial doctrine said, to produce superior men, nations, and races
Linked with ethnic and racial prejudice was the feeling that Anglo-Saxons were a chosen people with a "divine mission" to populate the continent and even the world. In 1846 Senator Thomas Hart Benton predicted that the Anglo-Saxons and the Celts would reach the Pacific and go on to colonize Asia. Benton explained that "these two branches of the Caucasian race had alone received the divine command to subdue and replenish the earth and they would become the reviver and the regenerator of the inferior and torpid yellow peoples." In California the
San Francisco
Alta California
echoed the manifest destiny theme and admitted, "We have developed a happy faculty for breeding family disturbances among our neighbors; it is our manifest destiny to assist them in governing themselves." More directly the
asserted, "That the United States are bound finally to absorb all the world and the rest of mankind, every well-regulated American mind is prepared to admit. . . . When the fever is on, our people do not seem to know when and where to stop, but keep on swallowing so long as there is anything in reach. To use a popular Californianism, we 'go for everything that is in sight.'" United States Senator William M. Stewart (Nevada), a former Californian, was equally expansionistic. In 1869 he concluded a Fourth of July oration by saying, "The motto of Douglass [
] must prevail. 'This must be an ocean-bound republic.' British colonies cannot exist on our northern frontier. Mexican anarchy must fall on the south. Their destiny must be with us. The wisest of their statesmen see this." The
Daily Union
agreed, and envisioned not only British Columbia, but also all of Canada, Mexico, the West Indies, and Cuba coming under American control.
It was Republican Frank M. Pixley, a former California attorney general, who uttered one of the most thoroughly chauvinistic statements of a chauvinistic century. Bitterly anti-Chinese, in 1876 Pixley told the United States Congressional Committee investigating Chinese immigration:
In relation to their [the Chinese] religion, it is not our religion. That is enough to say about it; because if ours is right theirs must necessarily be wrong. . . .Ours is a belief in the existence of a Divine Providence that holds in its hands the destinies of nations. The Divine Wisdom has said that He would divide the country and the world as the heritage of five great families; that to the blacks He would give Africa; to the whites he would give Europe; to the red man he would give America, and Asia he would give to the yellow races. He inspires us with the determination not only to have preserved our own inheritance but to have stolen from the red man America; and it is settled now that the Saxon, American or European group of families, the white race, is to have the inheritance of Europe and America and that the yellow races of China are to be confined to what God Almighty originally gave them; and as they are not a favored people they are not to be permitted to steal from us what we robbed the American savage of.
Later in the investigation Pixley testified that his brother had been forced out of his broom handle business by Chinese competition, a personal event that at least partially explains his hostility to the Chinese.
The forty-niners and the white immigrants who followed them to California carried strong feelings of ethnic and racial prejudice with them. To say that the customs of the Chinese or the lawless environment were largely to blame for the prejudice and discrimination the Chinese received is to ignore the obvious racism that so many white nineteenth century Americans took with them wherever they went. Prejudice in California, however, was not entirely confined to whites. In a sense the Chinese contributed to the movement against them because for many years the majority disdained naturalization, they left their families at home, and they themselves were prejudiced against the white "barbarians." Yet even the reluctance to be naturalized, which was forbidden by law anyway, need not have been a barrier to acceptance; many a European delayed changing citizenship, or when he had become an American still returned as soon or as often as he could to his native land.
Had the white Americans been able to read the minds and hearts of the Chinese there would have been much more friction between the two groups. For the Chinese, too, considered themselves the "chosen people" and thought anyone who was civilized would realize that China possessed the finest culture in the world. Although the Chinese concept of manifest destiny was not as aggressive or all encompassing as the American version, feelings of Chinese superiority were implicit in their refusal to adopt foreign institutions or customs. The Chinese would give up territory to an aggressor in preference to changing their institutions.
The Chinese believed that anyone who adopted the Chinese way of life became Chinese. They also thought if a Chinese person adopted a foreign way of life, he would then be foreign; few, if any, Chinese would make such a change, however, as they then would be following the ways of "barbarians." Race was not a major issue in China. Minority members who spoke Chinese well blended into the Chinese population easily. Ninety percent of the Chinese had approximately the same skin and eye color. Although light skin was important to the Chinese, this preference reflected a class prejudice as much as a racial prejudice.
If the Chinese had been Europeans, the story that follows would be quite a different one. Not only was there a racial difference, but also strong feelings of nationalism and a reverence for traditional ways prevented the Chinese from integrating themselves into American society. At first, like many other immigrants, they did not intend to stay; they hoped for quick fortunes and an early return to their homes. Later, language and customs hindered communication and fostered alienation. As the Chinese so aptly described themselves in "An Address to the American Public," dated April 5, 1876, they were indeed "strangers in a strange land." Partly because of the prejudice against these not easily assimilated Chinese immigrants, whom Californians feared would become citizens, in 1870 the state legislature refused to ratify the Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution.
Notes: Chapter I
Forrest G. Wood,
Black Scare: The Racist Response to Emancipation and Reconstruction
(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1968), 2.
Alexander Saxton,
The Indispensable Enemy
(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971), 12; Ray Allen Billington,
The Far Western Frontier, 1830-1860
(New York: Harper Torchbooks, Harper and Row Publishers, Inc., 1956) 238; John Walton Caughey,
(New York: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1940), 449; Leonard Pitt, "
The Beginnings of Nativism in California," Pacific Historical Review
, 30 (February 1961); U.S., Census,
Seventh Census
, 1850 (Washington: Robert Armstrong, Publisher, 1853), xliii; J. Ross Browne,
Report of the Debates in the Convention of California on the Formation of the State Constitution, in September and October, 1849
(Washington: Printed by J.T. Towers, 1850), 43-44; James Rawls and Walton Bean,
California: An Interpretive History
, (New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1993), 98-99, 120-121.
Sherburne F. Cook, "The California Indian and Anglo-American Culture," in Charles Wollenberg, ed.,
Ethnic Conflict in California History
(Los Angeles: Tinnon-Brown, Inc., 1970), 26-27, 29; Rawls and Bean,
, 131; Eugene H. Berwanger,
The Frontier Against Slavery
(Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1967), 66-67, 70-72, 76; Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. quoted in Thomas F. Gossett,
Race: The
History of an Idea in America
(New York: Schocken Books, 1965), 243; Browne,
Report of the Debates,
48-50, 137-152, 339-340.
Rawls and Bean,
120-121, 125-126; Louise Clappe,
The Shirley Letters from the California Mines, 1851-1852
(New York: Ballantine Books, 1971), 127; Ping Chiu,
Chinese Labor in California, 1850-1880
(Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin for the Department of History, University of Wisconsin, 1963), 14, 18; Ira B. Cross,
A History of the Labor Movement in California
(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1935), 76; Elmer C. Sandmeyer,
The Anti-Chinese Movement in California
(Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1939), 94-95; Saxton,
Indispensable Enemy
, 177-178.
Black Scare,
2, 5, 6, 10, 11.
Ibid., 8; Gossett,
, 64-65; Wood,
Black Scare
, 8. See Josiah C. Nott and George R. Gliddon,
Types of Mankind
(Philadelphia: Lippincott, Grambo, 1854).
, 262-263. Hinton R. Helper,
Nojoque: A Question for a
Continent, (New York: G.W. Carleton & Co., 1867). See also Dr. John Van Evrie,
Negroes and Negro"Slavery:" The First an Inferior Race; The Latter Its Normal Condition
(New York: Van Evrie, Horton & Co., 1861) and
White Supremacy and Negro Subordination
(New York: Van Evrie, Horton & Co., 1868), 94. The latter book can be found in Vol. 3 of the 11-volume series
Anti-Black Thought, 1863-1925
, (New York: Garland, 1993).
Gossett, Race, 59-60, 254; Wood,
Black Scare
, 4, 8, 13, 86-87, 89.
Charles Darwin,
The Origin of Species and the Descent of Man
(New York: The Modern Library, 19--), 909-911; Gossett,
, 66-69, 145, 244.
, Race
; San Francisco
Daily Alta California
, Aug. 22, 1868, p. 2, col. 1, Feb. 3, 1869, p. 2, col. 1, July 7, 1869, p. 2, cols. 3-4;
Daily Union
, Aug. 7, 1869, p. 4, col. 2.
Congress, Senate,
Report of the Joint Special Committee to Investigate Chinese Immigration
, Sen. Report No. 689, 44
Cong., 2d Sess., 1876 (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1877), 27-28, 366-367.
Anti-Chinese Movement,
Sucheng Chan,
This Bittersweet Soil: The Chinese in California Agriculture, 1860-1910
(Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1986), 36.
Dr. Ping Chiu, personal interview by Sheila Skjeie, Sacramento, California, Jan. 11, 1972.
Ibid.; Carl N. Degler,
Neither Black Nor White
(New York: The Macmillan Company, 1971), 210.
Stanford M. Lyman, "Strangers in the Cities," in Wollenberg, ed.,
Ethnic Conflict in California History,
63; Congress,
Senate Report No. 689
, 39.


text:
LOS ANGELES (AP) — Liberty is loud and a lot of dogs have problems with those Fourth of July sounds of freedom, Erika Gamez said. She should know — she takes care of over 150 at work and five at home.
On Thursday, the 150 dogs, 150 cats and all the other creatures at the Rancho Cucamonga Animal Care and Adoption Center will be moved inside the buildings, said Gamez, the Southern California shelter's animal care supervisor. Classical music will be played throughout the center in the early evening to soothe animals that have sensitive hearing and can't tolerate loud noise.
Once the booming starts, it gets noisy inside with a cacophony of barking, whining and crying as some dogs panic about the fireworks and others freak out because of their spooked shelter mates. The cats don't seem to mind fireworks, but get stressed at all the commotion. "It's a trickle-down effect," Gamez said.
Similar scenes will play out in homes, backyards and public parks across the country, leading some anxious hounds to fly the coop, which explains why more lost dogs are turned in to shelters on July 5 than any other day of the year. Dogs that can't escape could hurt themselves in other ways trying to seek shelter from the thundering sounds that could last days as fireworks are launched throughout the weekend.
In Rancho Cucamonga, employees will handle 20 to 30 more dogs than usual that day, Gamez said. She has scheduled extra employees.
Because July 4 is on a Thursday this year, fireworks shows will be spread over three nights. Add fireworks bought from booths in many cities across the country and it promises to be a long, booming weekend.
Dogs have more sensitive ears than humans do and while some dogs don't appear to mind the noise, others will bark, whine, howl, hide, cower or run into furniture and walls, said Dr. Melissa Bain of the University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine's Clinical Animal Behavior Service.
Experts say you can prevent a personal doggie drama from becoming a tragedy by taking some simple steps:
—Take a walk and wear your dog out before sundown.
—Plan on staying home with your pet when fireworks shows are scheduled nearby.
—Close the doors and windows, turn on the television, music, fans and any other noisy devices to try and drown out the noise and percussion of the explosions.
—Just sit with the dog. Don't force cuddling because fear can turn some animals aggressive. Have treats available but most dogs won't eat through fireworks.
—Leaving a dog in a crate or cage may not protect it. Dogs can chip their teeth and break their nails on cages.
—If a pet doesn't have a microchip or an ID tag with updated information, get that before the fireworks start.


text:
Jersey Shore
The Show With Vinny First Look — Check Out Why Vinny's Mom Is So Popular! (PHOTO)
We absolutely love Vinny Guadagnino's crazy Italian family, especially his nutty Uncle Nino and doting mom, Paula. He has no shame about being a mama's boy, as his mom does everything from cook and clean to do his laundry and tie his ties.
Now we'll get to see more of the fabulous Paula Guadganino on her son's upcoming spin-off, The Show With Vinny, which will feature celebrity guests from Lil Wayne to Ke$ha, and premieres May 2, 2013 on MTV. So far Vinny's shown us plenty of pics of his family helping out behind-the-scenes, including his "mama boy problems", putting his sisters to work, and showing us what why he prefers to leave the cooking to his mother.
We've seen Paula whip up some amazing dishes on Jersey Shore, and we'll definitely watch more of her cooking on Vinny's new show. But appears that not only Vinny's celebrity guest stars are getting a taste of her home cooking!
Vinny recently Instagrammed a cute and funny pic of his mom offering huge plates of food to the camera crew, exclaiming: "EVERYONE on #theshowwithvinny wants my moms cooking." So do we, we're getting hungry just looking at it!
Are you excited to watch Vinny's new spin-off? What do you think of his mom feeding the camera crew? Sound off below!


text:
No. 23/22 Memphis Defeats Houston, 82-59
Jan. 23, 2014
Box Score | Quotes | Notes | Photo Gallery | Photo Gallery
MEMPHIS, Tenn. - Shaq Goodwin scored 20 points and pulled down six boards while Joe Jackson added 18 points and seven assists to help the No. 23/22 University of Memphis men's basketball team (14-4, 4-2 American) to an 82-59 victory over Houston (11-8, 3-3 American) on Thursday night at FedExForum.
Also helping in the scoring column for the Tigers was Michael Dixon Jr., who totaled 13 points. Memphis shot 59 percent from the field while holding Houston to 43 percent.
Memphis jumped out to a 14-4 lead with 12-straight points coming from Goodwin in the first 4:23 of the game. However, the Cougars stayed in it by answering with a 9-2 run after seven points from Jherrod Stiggers to trim the Memphis lead to 16-13 with 13:14 to go in the half.
The Tigers distanced themselves once again with threes from Jackson and Dixon Jr. followed by a bucket from Geron Johnson to take a 27-17 advantage midway through the period.
Memphis continued to stretch out its lead as a basket from Goodwin pushed it to 15 at 33-18 with eight minutes to play. The Cougars pulled back to single digits after a layup from Brandon Morris to make it 37-29 just under the six-minute mark.
Holding a nine-point advantage, a triple by Dixon Jr. at the 3:49 mark helped the Tigers get their lead back to double digits, where it stayed the remainder of the half. Memphis extended its lead to as much as 17 before a tip-in by Danuel House right before the half made the score 47-32 at the break.
Memphis held a comfortable lead throughout the entire second half. After increasing its lead to 17 in the first few minutes of the second period, Houston pulled within 13 after a three-pointer from Morris to make it 55-42 with 13:30 to play.
Teams continued to trade baskets over the next several minutes until the Tigers began to stretch the game out. A layup from David Pellom followed by a jumper from Jackson gave Memphis its largest advantage up until that point at 65-46 with 9:35 remaining.
A three from Jackson pushed the Tigers' advantage to 20 for the first time with 7:29 left on the clock. The Cougars would only be able to get back within 18 the rest of the way as Memphis handed Houston an 82-59 defeat.
Memphis closes out its homestand against USF on Sunday with a 1 p.m. (CT) tip at FedExForum. The game will be televised on CBS Sports Network.


text:
From the desk of | Cortney | Contributor
With my own newborn due within the next week (ahh!), I'm currently obsessing over the most adorable hand made hats I can find on Etsy: crocheted owl hats! Not only are these sweet little hats the perfect way to keep your little protected from the elements as the weather turns chilly, they're a unique way to express a little baby style.
Owl Hat by Mermaid Designs Buy Here
I can't get over how absolutely adorable these little hats are. They're also super soft so you know that the yarn won't make your baby's head itchy. You can choose from multiple sizes – they range from newborn to toddler ages. Plus, there are plenty of different colors and designs available so that you can find the perfect hat for the little in your life!
Adorable owl hats by Mermaid Designs Buy Here
There's no way to deny the cuteness factor here! If the weather doesn't get too chilly where you live, these are also a great accessory for your next family photo shoot or even for a Halloween costume – after all, October is just around the corner. And if the owl theme doesn't strike your fancy, there are tons of other crocheted hat designs to search for on Etsy. You can find hats styled after pretty much any animal you can think of, but my personal favorites (besides the owls!) are the monsters and bears. Happy shopping!


text:
Posts Archive
- BAM Blog
- Bay Ridge Rover
- Bed-Stuy Banana
- Bed-Stuy Blog
- BensonhurstBean
- Brooklyn Before Now
- Brooklyn Hall of Fame
- Brooklyn Heights Blog
- Brooklynology
- Brownstoner
- Bushwickbk
- Clinton Hill Blog
- Ditmas Park Blog
- Dumbo NYC
- East New York Renaissance
- Flatbush Gardener
- Gowanus Lounge
- Green-Wood Discovery
- Greenpointers
- Kensington Brooklyn Blog
- Kinetic Carnival
- only the blog knows brooklyn
- The Local: Fort Greene/Clinton Hill
- The Real Fort Greene
Brooklyn Orgs
BHS Virtual BookStore
TagsAfrican American history Architecture Archives Bedford-Stuyvesant Brooklyn Brooklyn Bridge Brooklyn Heights Brooklyn Historical Society Brooklyn Navy Yard Brooklyn Past & Present Brooklyn photographs Brooklyn photos CBBG civil war Clinton Hill Coney Island Coney Island History Project Corporation Counsel Crossing Borders Bridging Generations Dodgers Education Emancipation Proclamation epbhs Flatbush Fort Greene Historic Landmark Hurricane Sandy In Our Own Words Iraq Library Map of the Month maps New York Times Oral History Oral History Highlights Park Slope Photographs photography Photography Collection Photo of the Week Portraits of Brooklyn Vietnam Veterans Prospect Park Public Perspectives Red Hook Williamsburg
Tag Archives: Clinton Hill
Brooklyn History Photo of the Week: Children Playing in the "Old Swimming Hole"
1915, Fort Greene Clinton Hill. Children are seen playing with an old Brooklyn fire hydrant, which was jokingly referred to as the "Old Swimming Hole." The hydrant was located at the intersection of Myrtle Avenue and Ryerson Street in what … Continue reading
Fort Greene / Clinton Hill Audio Tour
To complement the Fort Greene / Clinton Hill Neighborhood & Architectural History Guide by Francis Morrone, the Brooklyn Historical Society presents a new audio tour of Fort Greene / Clinton Hill. The tour is hosted by author, filmmaker, and longtime … Continue reading
Calling Fort Greene / Clinton Hill
You know that part in Spike Lee's Do the Right Thing (1989) where Buggin Out tells the guy in a Larry Bird jersey to move back to Massachusetts? That's one of those highly charged interactions we've all had at some … Continue reading
In Line with Jive Turkey
Thanksgiving in Clinton Hill just wouldn't be the same without the around-the-block lines to Jive Turkey, leading up to the big day. This has been my second year witnessing the massive lines down Myrtle Ave., smelling the scent of cooked … Continue reading
Posted in Brooklyn Past & Present Tagged Clinton Hill, small business, Turkey 1 Comment
Park Slope Walking Tour
In 2008, BHS published the Park Slope Neighborhood & Architectural History Guide, written by Francis Morrone. We are currently working on a neighborhood guide about Fort Greene / Clinton Hill, so, stay tuned and please be in touch if there's … Continue reading
Posted in Brooklyn Past & Present, Oral History Tagged Clinton Hill, Fort Greene, Oral History Highlights, Park Slope 4 Comments


text:
This will be our permanent blog for updated information. Our previous one will serve as archive. To subscribe for updates, please CLICK HERE
Sunday, November 25, 2012
MSU's One Community Read #author wins @NationalBook Award via mittenlit.com @mittenlit1 #michlit #michigan
Posted by MotownMomMusings.com at 4:33 PM
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


text:
San Diego Chargers at New England Patriots NFL Week 2 Pick
- Updated: September 17, 2011
NFL Betting Previews- San Diego Chargers at New England Patriots
Point spread by VietBet: New England -6.5
Over/Under: 51.5
Offense will be on display this upcoming Sunday afternoon when the San Diego Chargers head to the East Coast to square-off against the New England Patriots at Gillette Stadium . The game kicks-off at 4:15 p.m. (ET) and it will be broadcast nationally on CBS.
San Diego grinded-out a 24-17 victory over Minnesota in its home opener last Sunday as a nine-point favorite with the total staying 'under' the 41.5-point line. The Chargers were able to erase a 17-7 deficit at halftime behind Mike Tolbert's seven-yard run for a score in the third quarter and his 19-yard catch for the game winning score in the fourth. Philip Rivers ended-up throwing for 335 yards and two scores, but was also picked-off twice.
Special teams remain an issue for the Chargers after the Vikings' Percy Harvin returned the opening kick-off 103 yards for a score on a play that ended kicker Nate Kaeding's season with a torn ACL.
New England worked its no-huddle offense to perfection in a 38-24 win over Miami in its opener as a seven-point road favorite on Monday night. The total in this one went well 'over' the 46.5-point line.
Tom Brady looked as good as ever, passing for 517 yards and four TD's. He did an incredible job of spreading the ball around to eight different receivers, but his favorite target, Wes Welker, led the way with eight catches for 160 yards and two scores, including a 99-yard catch-and-run in the fourth quarter that put the game away for good.
The Chargers are 5-2-1 against the spread in their last eight games against the AFC, but just 2-5-1 ATS in their last eight road games. The total has stayed 'under' in five of San Diego's last eight games overall.
The Patriots are 4-1 ATS in their last five games against the AFC and 6-2 ATS in their last eight games overall. The total has gone 'over' in 14 of New England's last 16 games as a favorite.
Head-to-head, this series has favored the underdog, which is 6-2 ATS in the last eight meetings. The total has gone 'over' in four of the last five games played at Foxborough. Last season New England won 23-20 as a 2.5-point road underdog in a game that stayed 'under' the 48.5-point line.
This one is definitely going 'over' the total as it remains a back and forth shootout until the final gun.
The Free NFL Pick: New England 31 San Diego 28
Cole Ryan
Latest posts by Cole Ryan (see all)
- BetMania: Best Bitcoin Bonus - July 7, 2015
- Sports Interaction: CFL Is Back! - July 6, 2015
- MyBookie: Offseason NFL Betting - July 5, 2015
You must be logged in to post a comment Login


text:
The Things Hold, Lines Connect permanent gallery at the Reginald F. Lewis Museum of Maryland African American History & Culture presents a program that features 200 years of Maryland slavery. A special emphasis is placed on the people and events related to Maryland's Underground Railroad. Its themes of survival against all odds; self-determination to reinforce commitment to one another; the importance of family bonds; and the formation and ties of communities through worship are conveyed with a provocative interplay of oral histories, imagery, music and sounds. The program's title is derived from a quote by poet Lucille Clifton in her 1976 poem entitled "Generations" -- "Things don't fall apart. Things hold. Lines connect in ways that last and last and lives become generations made out of pictures and words just kept." The emotionally charged program shows the poignant difference between those blacks who were free and those who were not. Runaways and other heroes of Maryland's Underground Railroad from throughout the state are featured in the program gallery. They include Josiah Henson, Samuel Denson, Charles Ball, William Parker, Ann Marie Weems, Thomas Smallwood, James Pennington, Frederick Douglass and Harriet Tubman.
Visitor Information: Currently open to public.
Location: 830 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, 21202
National Park Unit: No
Ownership: David Taft Terry, Ph.D., Ex Dir
Location Type: Program
Freedom Seekers: Ann Maria Weems,Charles Ball,James Pennington,Josiah Henson,Samuel Denson,Thomas Smallwood,William Parker
UGRR Operatives: Frederick Douglass,Harriet Tubman


text:
The World Health Organization (WHO)´s recent adjustment to Colombia´s historical healthcare expenditure highlights the government´s efforts to contain costs and the greater-than-expected financial difficulties affecting the country´s private healthcare reforms. We forecast relatively strong growth in Colombia´s public healthcare spending, as the cost of healthcare provision escalates and demand increases for drugs and services under the Obligatory Health Plan (POS). The country´s private healthcare sector will grow at a much lower rate, as there is no indication to show that the financial troubles plaguing Colombian private insurers are diminishing.
- Headline Expenditure Projections
- Pharmaceuticals: COP7,580bn (US$4.22bn) in 2012 to COP8,111bn (US$4.47bn) in 2013; +7.0% in local currency terms and +5.9% in US dollar terms. Forecast in line with Q213.
- Healthcare: COP40,307bn
Author:Mike Kinge-mailWeb: www.companiesandmarkets.comPhone: London: +44 (0) 203 086 8600


text:
Kevin Gosztola is stopping by #OccupyPhilly this afternoon on his way to New York. Occupy Philadelphia launched last Thursday at Dilworth Plaza, and today issued a press release indicating that there are about 80 tents currently set up on the west side of City Hall. Kevin will be livestreaming his visit and interviewing people there.
Today's events include a concert from 1-4pm organized by Parliament Funkadelic's Bruce Mays featuring JiLil Timmons, Jason Balmer, GQ, Tre Austin and Amada Gilson. There will be a 3:30 solidarity march with the State Hands Union of Philadelphia (IATSE 8), and a 7 pm general assembly meeting at 15th and JFK.
You can follow #OccupyPhilly on Twitter.


text:
Hey There!
These are my pets!
Ryan Sarah
Add me on fb! http://www.facebook.com/MatthewSummers1995
Hell or Glory
I don't want anything in between
Then came a baby boy with long eyelashes
Daddy said you gotta show the world the thunder
The thunder, the thunder, the thunder
Status: I love her so much<3
I'm Matthew Skylar Summers!I'm Bi =) I am 16 years young (Well I'll be 17 on December 13th)! My favorite colors are black,purple and teal.I can be an ***hole.I will break your heart.I smoke. I'm homeschooled. I live in Florida! I love video games, Singing and dancing, Im not a virgin . Not to mention skateboarding, swimming, basketball, baseball and many other things. I do tend to cuss and if you don't like it don't talk to meh! If you have any questions please ask. I do have a little brother his name is Josh. I don't give my number out so don't ask for it!! Well thanks for reading! Comment or message meh!
My favorite Musicians:
My Chemical Romance,Fall out boy,Paramore,Travis Porter,Hollywood Undead,Lil Wayne, Sixpence None the Richer, Taylor Swift, Pat Benatar, Edward Maya, Waka Flaka Flame, Shakira, I set my friends on fire, Avril Lavigne, Lady GaGa, Jason Derulo, Owl City, One Republic,Muse,Ciara,Drake,Katy Perry, Linkin Park, 3OH!3, Akon, Anberlin, Black Eyed Peas, Blue October, Omarion, Boys like Girls, Blue October, Evanessence, BrokeNCYDE, Flyleaf, The Academy is..., A Rocket to the Moon, All American Rejects, Amanda Blank, Brand New, Breaking Benjamin, C***ie, Ciara, Chiodos, Deft Tones, Drowning Pool,
Things that *** me off!
Guys that treat girls like ***, Homophobes, Clingy girls, People who don't understand the word "NO", over obsessive people, haters, Drama queens/kings, Wannabes,
COPY THIS ONTO YOUR STATUS AND SEE WHAT PEOPLE RATE YOU! : 1. I'd marry you ♥ | 2.***t | 3.Sweet | 4. Beautiful ♥ | 5. Talkative | 6.Trustworthy | 7. My Best Friend | 8.Funny | 9. Fun | 10. ♥ I Love You ♥ | 11. Perfect Type | 12. Missing You | 13. Goofy | 14. Awkward | 15. One of the best people | 16. Awesome | 17. Best thing ever please rate me!!!
Im going to write a story
A story with a Twist!
Ill write the story with a razor blade!
Ill Write it on my wrist!!!
You have my heart
And we'll never be worlds apart
May be in magazines
But you'll still be my star
Baby cause in the dark
You can't see shiny cars
And that's when you need me there
With you I'll always share
When the sun shines, we'll shine together
Told you I'll be here forever
Said I'll always be a friend
Took an oath I'ma stick it out till the end
Now that it's raining more than ever
Know that we'll still have each other
You can stand under my umbrella
Well expect me to be
Calling you to see
If you're okay when I'm not around
Asking if you love me
I love the way you make it sound
Calling you to see
Do I try too hard to make you smile
To make us smile?
Well I will keep calling you to see
if you're sleepin' are you dreamin'?
if you're dreamin' are you dreamin' of me?
I can't believe
You actually picked..me
Thanks for reading bye!
|20 years
|Favorite celebrity
|Favorite music
|Favorite movie
|Favorite food
|Anything =)
|Favorite colour
|My dreamjob
|Favorite show
|Favorite hobby
|Black,Teal and Purple
|Pro Swimmer