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A video protection system that allows selective control of video viewing, providing for the selection of video cassette programs according to ratings or other information provided on the video cassette. The protection system includes means by which viewing may be discriminated against according to ratings or other information applied to the exterior of the video cassette tape as by a label. An sensor, such as an optical sensor placed within a VCR to read the label having rating or other pertinent information is provided. A key lock mechanism or the like is utilized for selecting the viewing level. Associated circuitry is provided which may form part of a VCR or be provided as a separate unit to enable use with existing VCRs. The processing circuitry enables discrimination against viewing if the rating on video tape or the like does not match or fall below a preselected level set in the circuitry by the user.
1. A protection system to establish selective playback capability for use with a video display system comprising:
information containing means positioned on a housing associated with video material to be viewed on said video display system, said information containing means including information relating to one of at least three rating levels representative of the rating of said video material,
sensing means comprises of at least one optical sensor fixedly associated with said video display system to detect and read said information containing means and generate a control signal corresponding to said one rating level of the said at least three rating levels of said video material from said information containing means,
rating selection means allowing a user to independently and selectively pre-select one of said at least three rating levels wherein said pre-selected rating level will determine the rating of said video material which can be viewed on said video display system, said rating selection means generating a reference signal corresponding to said pre-selected rating level;
processing means to receive said control signal from said sensing means and said reference signal from said rating selection means for comparison of said control signal to said reference signal and wherein said processing means is coupled to said video display system and will prevent viewing of video material having a rating level indicated by said information containing means which is above said pre-selected rating level;
wherein said information containing means is positioned on said housing at a predetermined position which is readable by said sensing means, and said sensing means detects the presence of said information containing means such that if no information containing means is present, said processing system will prevent viewing of video material on said video display system, and,
wherein said at least one optical sensor transmits a light signal against a portion of said information containing means to be reflected back and detected, wherein the reflected signals will provide on/off signals dependent on said portion of said information containing means from which said reflected signals are received to generate said control signal representative of said rating of said video material.
2. A protection system as in claim 1, wherein said information containing means comprises a label to be positioned on a video tape cassette and having optically readable indicia thereon to be sensed by said sensing means when said video cassette tape is in its operative position within a video cassette recording machine, and wherein said sensing means comprises three optical sensors, each of which will generate a signal, and which together will yield eight combinations corresponding to eight different rating levels.
3. A protection system as in claim 1, further comprising said rating selection means comprises, switch means to select one of said at least three rating levels in said processing means to be compared with said control signal.
4. A protection system as in claim 1, wherein
said processing means comprises a computer means having a control system to compare said control signal and said reference signal to enable initiation of said protection system.
5. A protection system as in claim 1, further comprising a timer means associated with said processing means to enable viewing of said video material which is rated higher than said preselected rating for a limited amount of time when initiated.
6. A protection system as in claim 1, wherein
the protection system is associated with a video cassette recorder and said processing means acts to interrupt the RF output of said video cassette recorder upon initiation of said protection system to prevent viewing of said video material.
7. A protection system as in claim 1, further comprising
display means coupled to said processing means to display the indication of the rating of said video material from said information containing means and, as well as said preselected rating set in said processing means,
user input switches to modify operation of said processing means.
8. A protection system as in claim 1, wherein
said sensing means is incorporated into a video cassette recorder to sense said information containing means positioned on a video cassette tape,
said processing means is provided in a separate housing structure and coupled with said sensing means by electrical cable so as to provide a protection system to be retrofit into existing video cassette recorders.
9. A protection system as in claim 1, wherein
said video display system is a video cassette recorder, said housing is associated with a video cassette tape having video material of a predetermined rating level, and said information containing means is a label placed at a predetermined position on said video cassette tape such that said sensing means will read said information containing means when said video cassette tape is in a playback position in said video cassette recorder.
10. A protection system as in claim 9, wherein
said label comprises a series of optically detectable white and black zones, wherein said zones will provide binary code signals to be utilized by said processing means giving an indication of the rating of said video material.
This is a continuation of copending application Ser. No. 07/337,936 filed on Apr. 14, 1989 now abandoned.
The present invention generally relates to a control system for use with home video equipment to allow viewing of video tapes to be selectively controlled. More particularly, the present invention relates to a control system in which the user selects video cassette programs which may be played on the video equipment according to a rating given to a prerecorded feature length film or the like which is found on the video cassette.
Rentals of prerecorded video cassette programs for use with home video equipment has become a major industry which is still growing. The home video market has led to the making of hundreds to thousands of new movies and other programs for the box office and home video market or exclusively for the home video market. These prerecorded films may be distributed across the entire country for rental to individuals by a rental agent through means of a video distributing business. The films produced each year comprise titles ranging from children's video to adult films and everything in between including extremely graphic horror films or extremely violent films. A problem has arisen in that many films which were previously inaccessible to children or teenagers are now readily available in the video rental stores. It has thus been found that the parents of these children and teenagers do not have any real control over the movies which can be rented and viewed at home by the children. Many programs which are accessible at video rental outlets to children are given a restricted rating which would be limited to teenagers over 17 years of age or to children only with parental guidance at a theater. The film rating system conventionally used in the industry has been developed so that parents and owners of movie theaters can effectively control the viewing of certain movies to certain classes of people based upon the content of the movie. The obscene language, nudity and violence more frequently found in films presently made are thus indicated with the proper rating such that parents who may object to their children viewing such material may prevent such viewing. With the advent of movie rentals on video cassettes, the parental control over this process has been reduced to a significant degree.
Another problem is found in that many movies which are now produced exclusively for the home video market are not rated at all as the mere number of movies prohibits such a rating scheme. Thus, the parents as well as video rental businesses have no indication of the content of many films. Rental of such films to children may be objectional to the parents but there is no effective way in which viewing of objectionable films may be deterred. Similarly, the parents themselves may have video tapes at their home which they desire not to be viewed by their children, and no effective means has been developed for preventing such viewing.
Several parental control inventions have been developed to prevent unauthorized playing of a video cassette tape, such as that found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,628,713. In this invention, a lock for a VHC video cassette comprises an insert which is placed in a sensor LED transmission receptacle of the housing of the cassette tape. The insert cannot be removed except with a special key and presents a physical obstruction to the cassette tape being inserted into a video cassette recorder. Although the lock apparatus for VHS video cassettes allows some selective control over unauthorized playing of a video cassette by parents or the like, such a system is somewhat ineffective for use by a video rental business and similarly is not useful for other video format video cassettes such as BETA. The use of such a lock is also somewhat inconvenient and requires a plurality of locks to be obtained for each video cassette on which it is to be used.
Similarly, as found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,655,057 a security device comprising a front panel to cover the opening through which a video cassette is placed into a video recorder. Although such a security device prevents unauthorized access to the video cassette recorder for viewing of video tapes, it prevents all use of the video recorder and does not enable selective discrimination against video cassette tapes which are not to be viewed as desired by parents. Another security device is shown in the U.S. Pat. No. 4,656,551, which forms a dummy video cassette which includes an externally operable mechanism to initiate a locking means which locks the dummy cassette into the video recorder as an inseparable unit. In this way, no other cassettes may be placed into the video recorder and use of the video recorder is thereby inhibited.
From these devices, it is seen that prior methods to prevent unauthorized viewing include inhibiting the use of the entire video cassette recorder or alternatively of mechanical apparatus to prevent use of individual cassette tapes. There is not found a convenient and effective way in which viewing of adult movies, extremely violent movies or other objectionable material may be prevented at the discretion of parents or video rental business owners. This discretion may be according to a rating given to the film or other video material by a professional association or alternatively by the parents or video store owners according to the content of the material.
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide means by which viewing of video cassette tapes may be discriminated against according to information such as a rating or other information applied on the exterior of the video cassette tape by means of a label or the like.
It is another object of the invention to provide selective control by the parents or the like over which movies or other video material may be viewed on a video cassette recorder.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a parental control system for a video cassette recorder which allows prerecorded feature length films to be selectively viewed according to a rating given to the film by a professional rating association or alternatively by a rating given to the film by parents or the like based upon the content of the film.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide means to be placed on the exterior of a video cassette tape signifying a rating given to the content of the video tape to be used in initiating operation of a video cassette recorder for viewing thereof.
These and other objects of the invention are accomplished by means of optical sensing means placed at a position within a video cassette recorder so as to read a label or the like containing information by which initiation of the video cassette recorder is accomplished. There is provided associated circuitry with the optical sensing means which may form part of a video cassette recorder or alternatively may be provided as a separable unit so as to enable use with existing cassette recorders for retrofitting thereof with the control system. The video cassette recorder protection system further includes switch means operable by a key lock mechanism or the like for selecting the level of rating which may be viewed on the video cassette recorder along with display means associated therewith for displaying the level at which the protection system is set or at which rating operability of the video cassette recorder will be initiated. Additionally, there may be provided timing means such that if upper or restricted rating levels of the protection system are set by means of the switch means indicating more adult oriented video material, such a setting will be enabled only for a predetermined amount of time after which the protection system will revert to a more family oriented mode.
The foregoing and other objects, aspects and advantages of the invention will be understood from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a video cassette recorder having the protection system of the present invention associated therewith;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the video cassette recorder as in FIG. 1 with its top cover portion removed therefrom showing some components of the protection system;
FIG. 3 is an alternate embodiment of the protection system of the invention showing an after market unit adapted to be associated with existing video cassette recorders;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the protection system or after market unit as shown in FIG. 3 showing the rear side thereof;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a video cassette tape showing a position for a label to be read by the protection system of the invention, making the cassette tape playable or unplayable according to its rating which is encoded on the labels;
FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of the video cassette tape shown in its playing position as would be found in a video cassette recorder and its relative position to the sensors of the protection system;
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the sensor board of the protection system;
FIG. 8 is a coding scheme for the labels used with the protection system;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the electrical circuit used in the protection system; and
FIG. 10 is a flow diagram of the operation of the protection system for selective use of the video cassette recorder as desired.
Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to FIG. 1, there is shown a video cassette recorder having a tape loading and access door 11, a display 12 as well as user function keys 13. The video cassette recorder 10 is conventional in nature but includes the protection system of the present invention having the outward features of a key lock switch 14, user function switches 15 for the protection system as well as an indicator means 16 showing when the playing of a video cassette tape placed in the video cassette recorder 10 is enabled. The display 12 is also utilized with the protection system to indicate the level at which the system is set as well as the level of the video cassette tape inserted into the video cassette recorder 10, or other information as desired.
Turning now to FIG. 2, the video cassette recorder 10 is shown with its cover removed to view the internal circuitry and components of the protection system. As previously described, the protection system of the invention is designed to detect the presence of a rating given to the material on the video cassette tape such as feature length films and other video material. In one embodiment, the rating information may be placed on a label positioned on the exterior of the video cassette tape. When the tape is inserted into the video cassette recorder 10 the label will be detected by a sensor board 20 which is coupled to processing circuitry found on circuit board 22 which will be described in more detail as the description proceeds. Also coupled to the circuit board 22 is the key lock switch 14 which may be utilized to select the rating of the video material which can be viewed on the video cassette recorder 10.
As an example, parents having small children or young teenagers may wish to limit the viewing by these children to movies and other video material having a rating of PG-13 as designated by the Motion Picture Association (MPA). The protection system is set such that only tapes of a PG-13 or less innocuous ratings may be played on the video cassette recorder 10. The rating level is set by key lock switch 14 which may be a three position switch having off/on and incrementing positions. When the key lock switch is in its off position, the protection system is disabled and inoperative and any video cassette tape may be played in the VCR 10. When the key lock switch 14 is in its on position, the protection system is operative and only those video cassettes tapes which have a rating equal to or lower than a set rating would be enabled to play in the VCR 10. In its third position, the key lock switch 14 will increment the rating at which the protection system is set to select the desired level or rating at which the VCR 10 will be operative to play a video cassette tape. In order to view a type which has a rating higher than the set rating, the key lock switch 14 must be incremented until that rating level is reached thereby enabling operation. The indicator means 16 will light when the VCR 10 is enabled to play a video cassette tape loaded therein. Thus, the parents are provided with effective control over the video material which may be viewed by use of the VCR 10, and accidental viewings of inappropriate video material can be prevented.
In one embodiment of the protection system, the circuit 22 is designed to be coupled with the RF output generally located at 24 of the VCR 10 so as to interrupt the RF output when the protection system is set to rendering the VCR 10 inoperative. Thus, if video material having a rating higher than that at which the protection system is set is placed into the VCR 10, the RF output will be interrupted to prevent viewing of this material. The circuit 22 may be positioned at the location of a jumper in the RF output so as to complete the RF output circuit with the protection circuit 22 interposed therein. Similarly, the audio and video outputs normally included on VCR's may also be interrupted to prevent viewing of the video material on a monitor television or the like. Although it has been found that interruption of the RF output and audio/video outputs yields an effective means by which viewing of unauthorized video material is prevented, the invention also contemplates other similar methods such as coupling the protection circuitry into other common circuitry associated with the VCR 10. For example, the protection circuitry 22 may be coupled to the pause circuitry of the VCR 10 such that the pause capability of the VCR 10 will be initiated upon any attempt to view unauthorized video material. In a similar manner, the protection circuitry 22 may be coupled to the play button circuitry of the VCR 10 to interrupt the play circuitry and thereby prevent playing of unauthorized video material.
The information processed by the protection circuitry 22 is supplied via the sensor board 20 which may comprise a plurality of sensors positioned relative to the location of a video cassette tape being inserted into the VCR 10 or relative to the position of the tape when being played. As previously described, the rating information given to the video material on a video cassette tape may be provided on label placed on the exterior of the tape housing including a means by which a plurality of sensors on the sensor board 20 can detect the rating information and supply it to the protection circuitry 22 for processing. The number of sensors needed to effectuate the desired discrimination based upon rating of video material will depend largely upon the number of different ratings to be used. It has been found that conventional rating systems by professional rating organizations can be adequately accommodated by use of three sensors yielding eight different settings or rating levels in the protection system. It is of course recognized that additional sensors may be utilized to expand this number or alternatively the number reduced as desired.
There may also be provided a switch 26 such as a micro switch which may be conventionally supplied with the VCR 10 to indicate the presence of a video cassette tape in the VCR 10. This switch may be utilized to complete the circuit in the event that no tape is positioned in the VCR 10 so that the RF output is not interrupted and normal viewing of the TV may be provided. Alternatively, an additional sensor may be utilized on the sensor board 20 to effectuate the same result of completeing the circuit and providing the RF output when no tape is in the VCR 10. The protection circuitry 22 may also include user functions which is 15 which may for example allow the user to set a predetermined rating as a default to which the protection system will revert under certain circumstances. There may also be provided a user function switch to allow different rating systems to be displayed on display 12 of the VCR 10 in case several rating systems are being utilized in the industry. Other user interface functions may be provided as desired to accommodate other features into the protection system such as the capability of setting a predetermined time limit in which the VCR 10 will be operative to play tapes of certain ratings or other capabilities recognized by those skilled in the art.
An alternate embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 which comprises an after market unit 30 which may be coupled to a VCR 40 manufactured without the protection system incorporated therein. The after market protection system 30 may then be retrofit with VCR 40 to incorporate the protection system into existing VCR systems. The after market unit 30 comprises the same basic components as in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 and includes a key lock switch 32 which functions in a manner similar to that previously described. The after market unit 30 also comprises its own display 34 as well as the indicating means 36 for indicating when VCR will be operational. The protection system circuitry is mounted inside the housing of the after market unit 30 it will function in a manner similar to that previously described. As shown in FIG. 4, the after market unit 30 also includes video input and output terminals 38 to couple the after market unit 30 to the conventional VCR deck. Also included is a power supply 40 to provide a power necessary for the protection system circuitry. It should be recognized that the only components of the protection system which must be incorporated into the VCR 46 is the sensor board described relative to FIGS. 1 and 2. The sensor board mounted in the appropriate location to scan the video tape inserted into the VCR 46 is then coupled to the protection system circuitry via coupler 42. The after market unit 30 may also be provided with user functions which may comprise a switch 44 to alter the display between different rating systems, or to preset the level to which the protection system will revert upon actuation, or other user functions as desired.
Turning now to FIG. 5, a conventional video cassette tape 50 is shown having an outer housing 52 as well as a pivotal tape protection cover 54 which is raisable to a position for playing of the video cassette. A label 56 having rating information encoded thereon at 58 may be positioned at any location on the video cassette 50 so as to be read by sensors located in the video cassette recorder. It has been found that any format of video cassette (VHS or Beta) is normally positioned in a similar manner within various video cassette recorders such that the location of the label 56 as shown in FIG. 5 has proved to be a convenient and effective location for the label 56. This location is also very convenient for the after market unit and locating sensor board thereof. The labels is also conveniently located relative to a cut-out portion 57 which is conventionally found on the cover 54 so as to ensure proper placement.
It should be noted that the label 56 maybe used on any format of video cassette tapes such that a uniform system may be adopted for use by video rental outlets as well as video cassette manufacturers of prerecorded films or the like. It should be also be recognized that the location of the label 56 may be varied as desired, but a uniform system would be most desirable to The labels 56 show a preferred embodiment of supplying a video cassette 50 with rating information thereon to be utilized by the protection system of the invention. The labels 56, which will be described in more detail hereinafter, could also comprise other forms as desired as long as the rating information is available to sensors or circuitry located within the video cassette recorder. For example, the rating information may take the form of a bar coded message on a label to be read by a bar code reader in the video cassette recorder. The bar code reader could read the information as the video cassette 50 travels into its playing position within the recorder.
It is also contemplated that the rating information could be placed on the video tape itself, for example on a separate video, audio or other track on the tape, to be read by the video or audio heads for initiation and actuation of the protection circuitry. In this type of embodiment, it should be recognized that the user would then be able to encode the rating information onto the tape itself during recording thereof so as to separately rate different material on a single video cassette tape or alternatively to modify the rating within a single program so as to edit out portions thereof which may be objectionable. In this embodiment, a combination of on/off signals may be provided by the encoded signals to the protection circuitry to indicate the rating given to the video material contained on the video tape.
It is also contemplated that the protection system of the invention could be utilized with signals provided in the actual transmitted television and cable signals. The signals could be provided in what is known as the vertical interval of the transmitted signals to yield a proper combination of on/off signals to provide the rating information for the video material transmitted. Thus, the broadcasters or cable operators could also provide rating information along with the transmitted broadcast signals over a transmission cable which is input into a VCR deck having the protection system incorporated therein. A decoder in the VCR would then be used in place of the sensor board of the embodiment described herein to give effective control of the TV or cable programs transmitted to the user's home. In this way, individual programs or portions thereof could be discriminated against by the protection circuitry of the invention as desired by parents or the like. It should be understood that in order for this embodiment to be effective, the rating signals would necessarily need to be standardized such that the decoder placed in the VCR deck could be utilized with different programming material.
Turning now to FIG. 6, the video cassette tape 50 is shown in what would be the playing position within a VCR with the tape cover member 54 raised so as to make the video tape accessible to the video heads within the VCR. The location of the label 56 is designed to be placed in scanning relationship to the sensor board 20 positioned as shown in FIG. 2. This location has been picked due to the ease of installation of the sensor board into an existing VCR unit for the retrofit or after market embodiment of the invention. In this position, the label 56 will be accurately scanned regardless of which way the tape is loaded or the particular format of the tape being utilized.
The sensor board 20 as described for use with the preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 7 and comprises a combination of three sensors 60 which may comprise an optical emitter/sensor such as a Siemens SFH900 type light reflection emitter/sensor. This type of a emitter/sensor is a reflex optical sensor which operates over short distances in the infra red range and includes a GaAs infra red LED transmitter 62 along with an NPN phototransmitter 64 with a high photosensitivity receiver. In this type of emitter/sensor there may be provided a daylight filter which screens against undesired light effects to provide the desired operating characteristics.
The emitter/sensor 60 is of small dimensions so as to be accommodated at a location within the VCR deck such as described with reference to FIG. 2. With this type of optical sensor, differences between white and black surfaces may be resolved so as to provide a means by which a label can be constructed to provide rating information. The rating information in a preferred embodiment is described by means of a combination of alternate white and black zones which will be sensed by the emitter/sensor 60 to provide an on/off signal to the protection circuitry. As long as the emitter/sensors 60 are in relatively close relationship to the label having the rating information thereon, the emitted light signal will be reflected to the sensor of the configuration to yield collector currents at the sensor differing by a factor of about 25 between white and black surfaces. The rating information may be provided in alternate white and black surfaces, wherein white surfaces will strongly reflect and black surfaces will attenuate the signals.
Although the optical sensor as described provides a reliable and accurate determination of rating information provided on a label positioned on a video cassette, other sensor combinations may be utilized. For example, a Hall-effect magnetic sensor may be incorporated into the VCR deck in an appropriate location to sense the incorporation of a small dot of metallic ink placed on a label to be positioned on the video cassette. Alternatively, the means by which the Hall-effect magnetic sensors are activated could be incorporated into the video cassette itself. As mentioned previously, there may also be provided a bar code label to be read by a bar code reader positioned inside the VCR deck. It should be recognized that other forms of emitting and sensing equipment could be utilized and are embodied within the present invention.
The sensor board 20 including optical sensors 60, described with reference to FIG. 7, also include suitable resistors 66 to generate a voltage proportional to the white or black surface sensed by the optical sensors 60. There may also be provided in the protection circuitry a series of potentiometers to equalize the signals received by the respective sensor 60 to provide accurate and reliable determination of the rating information provided on a label. The sensor 60 are coupled to the protection circuitry by means of coupling wire 68 to provide on/off signals from each of the sensors 60 in accordance with the rating information provided on or with the video cassette tape.
Turning now to FIG. 8, the coding scheme for rating to be incorporated on the labels of the invention are shown for the preferred embodiment thereof. As mentioned previously, the present rating systems as provided by professional rating organizations may be fully described by means of eight different ratings. This number of ratings can be obviously varied by the addition or subtraction of a sensor or the like to accommodate different rating systems.
In the preferred embodiment, the rating levels are accommodated by a series of white and black surfaces having a width to account for any disconformities in label position. These surfaces provided binary code signals by means of the sensors which are input to the computer of the processing circuitry as a means of indicating the rating of the video material. A rating described as non-rated video material accounts for movies which have not been rated by a professional rating organization which may or may not be objectionable but will nonetheless be prevented from viewing as desired. This rating will normally be invoked if no label is placed on the video cassette tape. As shown in FIG. 8, the motion picture association rating schedule including additional ratings for restricted material including extreme violence or nudity may be provided. Another professional rating organization such as the Film Advisory Board rating system may also be accommodated by the embodiment of the invention described.
Although the labels as shown in FIG. 8 include various black and white surfaces to provide the rating information thereon, it is desired to preclude the ability to modify the labels to overcome the protection system. The label, although having white and black surfaces, may also be provided with an invisible or non-pigmented black ink over the entire label surface so as to present a fully black surface to the human eye whereas the optical sensors will distinguish between the original white and black surfaces as desired. The black surfaces may be provided by a heavy pigment black ink whereas the white surfaces will include a non-pigmented ink to give the appearance of a black surface and yet show as white to the optical sensors. The label associated with the invention may also be laminated with a polyethylene or urethane type material to produce a long lasting and durable label which may also be over printed with the rating information or other desired material. The base of the label stock may be a paper material or a tin foil film such that various colors of printing giving the rating information or the like may be provided. It should be recognized that the particular coding scheme as shown in FIG. 8 may be varied as desired to yield different rating coding schemes or to include different features for different sensing equipment. Also as seen in FIG. 8, the label may be used with any type format wherein a die cut shape as seen at 70 and 72 will provide proper placement for formats such as Beta and VHS at 70 and 72 respectively.
The protection circuitry of the invention in relation to a preferred embodiment thereof is shown in FIG. 9. The protection circuitry comprises a basic computing means utilized to receive the signals produced by the sensing means and to interface with a display means. As shown in FIG. 9, the protection circuitry comprises several main components consisting of a series of sensors 80 which in the preferred embodiment are optical emitters and detectors. The sensors 80 act as detecting switches which will detect the presence of white or black areas on the label situated on a video cassette tape and produce on/off signals. The signals generated by the sensors 80 are fed to a CPU integrated circuit 82 which may be of any conventional design to provide processing of the signals received from the sensors 80. The key switch or any other suitable switch 84 is provided to communicate with the CPU 82 to turn the protection system on or off by means of a first switch 86, and to select the desired setting for the protection system by means of a second bump switch 88. The first switch 86 acts to turn a relay 90 on so as to enable the VCR in which the protection system is provided to function normally or effectively remove any affects of the protection circuitry. When the switch 86 is set so as to turn the relay 90 off then the protection system of the invention will be invoked. The switch 88 will then be utilized to set the level at which the protection circuit will enable operation of the VCR by turning the relay 90 on to complete the RF output of the VCR. In the preferred embodiment the switch 88 is a bump switch having eight settings to provide the eight different ratings as previously described. It is understood that the key switch 84 could be integrated into a VCR. For example, an enabling switch to be initiated by a code or the like will allow the user to set the rating at which the VCR would be operative or to take the protection system out of use as desired while preventing unauthorized or accidental viewing.
The CPU 82 includes a plurality of data outputs shown generally at 92 to subsequently provide information from the CPU to a display means 100 which will indicate the level at which the protection system is set or alternative information is desired. The CPU 82 also comprises a plurality of address lines generally indicated at 93 which allow software control of the CPU 82 by means of a read only memory (ROM) integrated circuit 98. The ROM memory 98 is provided with software control for the operation of the protection system to provide desired characteristics such as a timer which will be initiated upon activation of the protection system at an upper rating level. The address lines 93 are utilized to turn on the ROM 98 and will read instructions therefrom so as to output the proper information to the display 100 as well as to effect proper control of the protection system.
The CPU 82 is also coupled to a latch 96 which operates to couple the computer to the display 100 via data lines 92 when needed. When the CPU 82 is computing the latch 96 will effectively isolate the display from the CPU to enable proper functioning and operation of the protection system. The protection system is powered by a power supply 102 having a nine volt source 104 which may be a plug in transformer adapted to be coupled with a power source provided in the VCR. The power supply 102 also comprises a bridge circuit 106 which will regulate the input power whether it is an AC or DC signal or if the input voltage varies. The power source 102 generates a required five volt supply at 108 to turn the relay 90 off and on to effect operation of the protection system.
In operation, when the VCR or protection system is powered up, there is a power on reset 94 which will act to place the protection system at a preselected level or known state initially. The state at which the protection system will be set initially may be selectively controlled by means of a switch 95 which may be a four position dip switch to select any of the lower ratings of the protection system. Other functions may be accomplished by additional switches such as that provided at 97 coupled to additional ports on the affect modification of the displayed ratings generated by the CPU. After initial power has been supplied to the protection circuit, the CPU 82 will determine the setting of the sensors 80 and, based upon the setting of the protection system accomplished by the bump switch 88, will enable operation of the VCR by turning the relay 90 on to complete the RF output of the VCR at 110 by completing the circuit at 112. The relay 90 is turned on and off by a transistor 114 initiated by means of the CPU 82 or by operation of the on/off switch 86. The authorization LED or similar signaling means is operated in conjunction with the relay at 116 to indicate when the VCR is enabled for operation.
The operation and software control of the protection system will be distinctly seen with reference to FIG. 10 showing the basic operation of the protection system. As seen in FIG. 10, power must be provided at step 120 or the TV will be inoperative as shown at 122. If power is provided, the CPU will next determine the key switch position at 124 which, if in the off position, will disable the protection systems such that the TV will operate in a normal fashion at 126. If the key switch is in the on position, the bump switch will then set the rating at which the VCR will be enabled to play a video cassette tape at 128. The CPU of the protection circuitry will then determine the rating of the video material via the combination of sensors in conjunction with the label provided on the video cassette tape 130. The CPU will determine the set rating as compared to the rating given to the video material on the video cassette tape at step 132. If the rating as determined by the label is less than or equal to the set rating of the protection system, playing of the video cassette will be enabled for viewing on the TV at step 134. On the other hand, if the rating as determined by the label is greater than the set rating of the protection system, the RF output of the VCR will be interrupted and the TV will remain inoperative to prevent viewing of this material at step 136.
In the preferred embodiment, software control may also be provided such that the CPU will determine whether the setting of the protection system is less than or equal to a predetermined rating level such as a restricted rating at step 138. If the setting of the protection system is less than or equal to the this level and the video cassette tape is authorized, the TV and viewing will remain authorized at step 140. If the setting of the protection system is greater than this rating at step 138, a timer function may be invoked at step 142. Thus, if the protection system is set at an adult oriented rating, the timer function at step 142 will be invoked such that viewing at that rating level will be enabled for a predetermined amount of time which may be preset or selected as desired. As long as the viewing time remains less than this predetermined amount of time as determined in step 144, the TV will remain operative for viewing at step 146. Once the predetermined time limit has been reached at step 144, the protection system will disable viewing on the TV at step 148 and the setting of the protection system will revert to a predetermined setting at 150 which may be set by the software or preset by the user using a switch associated with the protection circuit.
It may thus be seen that the protection system provided by the present invention enables effective control over the type of video material which may be viewed utilizing a VCR or alternatively. If signals provided to a person's home. The protection system will prevent viewing of unauthorized video material as determined by a rating given to the material by a professional rating organization or by the user. It can be seen that there may be wide variations in the particular method of providing the rating information with the video material as well as the protection circuitry to sense and process this rating information. While the invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention may be practiced with various changes and modifications in the construction and mode of operation which has been described. Such variations and modifications can be made in the foregoing preferred embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.
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Late last year when some players from the new J.E.M. Iranian Jewish basketball league informed me they were playing in an official and organized basketball league in Beverly Hills, I thought they were joking. But to my pleasent surprise the league and its players are a reality and perhaps one of the few very productive organizations I have seen come to existance on behalf of local Iranian Jews in their 20's and 30's.
My article this week in the Jewish Journal not only explores these basketball games but also a unique trend of dating among young Iranian Jews that has arisen from the league. Our blog's podcast also chatted with some of the J.E.M.'s basketball players about their thoughts of the league.
The podcast can be heard: here
The following are some great images I captured of the J.E.M. basketball leagues championship game late last year:
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subset: commoncrawl


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Washington, DC
Reviews: 2
Average Rating: 5.0
2 reviews
Posted January 18, 2012
Utterly Tuttle - Divine
I ordred a half size up due to the narrow style and it fits perfectly. I love the ruggedness of the goat leather,the kitten heel and how you can adjust the shaft since I have larger legs. It's winter here, so I have not gotten a chance to wear them out.
Sizing: True to Size / As Expected
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Posted August 04, 2011
What a piece of artwork
I am a committed Tuttle fan. I usually wear a 6.5, but bought the 7 based on how a similar styled Tuttle fits my foot (The Keeper). I have thick feet and wanted to make sure that they fit since it was a final sale item. In other Tuttles, I wear my regular size. What you do not see in the pictures here is that this shoe can be worn two ways. With the overlap (as seen), but underneath there are straps that crisscross underneath. You unsnap the leather covering and tie them behind the shoe. Voila, a new look! The leather is soft, smooth and the shoe is comfortable, considering the heel height. It's pure artwork!
Sizing: Smaller than Expected
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Ancestry.com Classes
Trace your family history at the Sierra Madre Public Library using Ancestry.com. This popular database includes over 10 billion genealogical records and is the world's largest online family history resource.
- Saturday, May 11, 10:30 a.m.
- Wednesday, May 15, 10:30 a.m.
The Ancestry.com Classes will be taking a hiatus June, July & August 2013. Feel free to stop by the Library during this time and we will be happy to show you how to use Ancestry.com.
Free introductory classes providing an overview of Ancestry.com are being offered in 2013, see class dates listed above. Please call the Library at (626) 355-7186 to reserve a spot.
Ancestry.com offers broad coverage of the United States and includes census and vital records. Military records and immigration lists are also searchable. Ancestry.com also offers an extensive collection of information from the United Kingdom.
Ancestry.com is available for in-library use only. Patrons may bring in their own laptops or use library computers to access Ancestry Library Edition.


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James D. Stein explores the physical constants that structure our universe, but sometimes misses out the context that makes them Cosmic Numbers
PHYSICISTS try to understand the universe by seeking out its patterns and regularities, all of which are most successfully expressed in the language of mathematics. Amid seemingly endless strings of equations, a handful of numbers stand out. These are the physical constants, numbers that hold their value in any situation - the unbreakable scaffolding of reality.
In Cosmic Numbers, mathematician James Stein offers a tour of some of these constants, from Avogadro's number, the number of particles in the chemical unit of a mole of a substance, to omega, which determines the universe's geometry. These are numbers we take for granted today, but Stein stresses the lengths people went to to determine them.
There is plenty of interesting background too. For instance, the chapter on absolute zero, the ...
To continue reading this article, subscribe to receive access to all of newscientist.com, including 20 years of archive content.


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Pane toscano?
Hi Everyone,
I love pane toscano. Let me get that out of the way. I love the dense crumble, and how it tastes only of wheat. I love that it's the perfect supporting team to peposo or ribollita. I love it dripping with bitter, buttery Tuscan oil...
I know the Tuscans have been baking saltless bread at least since Dante. I know that the modern version of that bread is made with a biga, and I know that bigas were the Italian attempt to recover flavor after baking shifted to commercial yeast.
Does anyone out there know of a naturally leavened pane toscano? I assume that at some point before commercial yeast the Tuscan bakers used some kind of starter. Has anyone ever had a "sourdough" version of this bread? Has anyone ever made one?
Re: Pane toscano?
The Italians are not big on sourdough or natural yeasts though there are certainly bakers that use natural yeast.
Pane toscano is usually made with a biga which is basically a piece of dough left over from yesterday's breadmaking which is often/usually (as I understand it) spiked with a little bit of commercial yeast when the dough is mixed on baking day. Since you probably don't bake daily this can be easily approximated by making a small amount (100-200 grams) of dough the evening before you bake and then expanding it about 4 times to 500 to 1000 grams total weight on baking day. (This is very similar to the technique that Peter Reinhart uses to get more flavor in his breads.
I have served as an advisor to an Italian restaurant on improving the flavor of their Pane Pugliese and we added some very mild sourdough to enhance the flavor but the result is NOT authentic or conventional Pugliese. The final dough was always made with commercial yeast to both avoid the sourness of conventional sourdough and to make the dough more predictable for the restaurant schedule purposes.
The best source I know of for advice on Pane toscano (which I have not made and never eaten in Italy) is Joe Ortiz book The Village Baker. Joe uses a 15 to 24 hour presoak to allow the enzymes in the flour to break down the carbohydrates prior to mixing the dough. A good presoak is an interesting alternative to preferments and sourdoughs that also gives a lot of flavor.
It's all pretty straightforward. You will benefit from an overnight process. The biga or presoak is far more conventional than using sourdough.
Good Luck!
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Wednesday, during our joint enforcement exercise with the Palauan authorities, we discovered a suspected illegal operation on board a long liner in Palau's Exclusive Economic Zone. The Taiwanese ...On December 9, 2011 / By gaustralia
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We currently have openings in artist memberships. Contact us if you are interested.
Click on images to enlarge
Satoko Barash Former Member
Satoko is a native of Japan, and met her husband in New Zealand. He persuaded her to continue her art in this country, where they now share a home in Mendocino County, California. She obtained her bachelors degree in studio art at Sonoma State University.
"I'm drawn to functional work because of its intimacy with the user. The notion that my creation becomes part of somebody's life, being touched by his/her hands and lips inspires me. The idea that my work is enriching somebody's everyday rituals, like eating, drinking, serving and entertaining motivates me.
Laura West Member
Digital mandalas and photography
Laura recently moved to Ukiah from Connecticut. Her art education includes studying at Cooper Union in New York City, Yale School of Art in New Haven, and she holds a Masters of Art Therapy from Vermont College. She taught art at the Creative Arts Workshop in New Haven as well as having private art therapy students. She has shown her work extensively in Connecticut and won awards for her work. Formerly a landscape painter in oils, Laura now largely does digital art mandalas and photography. For a look at her current work visit MANDALASandMORE.com.
Ursula Partch Member
Textiles and weaving
Ursula is constantly moved and inspired by the patterns, textures, colors, and moods of the natural environment and how they transform themselves throughout the day and the year, as seen in water, fire, clouds, animals, plants, and rocks.
She uses mostly shibori dyeing, weaving, knitting, and sewing techniques to interpret the natural world and bring it closer to us. In addition to mountable art pieces, she creates one-of-a-kind garments, accessories, and items for use in the home.
Alex Murray Former Member
Scratchboard, India ink on clayboard, acrylic painting
Alex's interest in wildlife stems from growing up in Alaska, Nevada, and Northern California. His main subject interests are wildlife and western art. The mediums he works with are scratchboard, india ink on clayboard, and acrylics. Scratchboard allows him to bring out the realistic detail in his subjects. Scratchboard is a form of direct etching where the artist starts with a masonite panel coated with white clay and then topped with a layer of black ink. A sharp tool is then used to scratch away the black ink to expose the white clay below, leaving a black and white image.The image can then be colored. He makes his art work from his ranch in Northern California.
Tim Hayes Former Member
Sculpture, painting
Fun, whimsical and daunting images play with the imagination in Tim's art. His artwork has bloomed into recognizable pieces with his uncanny talent for color combinations and sculpture of the past. Tim is a long time Ukiah resident — his parents owned the local well-known Hayes Music store on State Street across from the Corner Gallery.
Cynthia Myers Former Member
Art glass and architectural glass
Cynthia Myers creates exquisite sand-carved art glass in her studio on the beautiful Mendocino Coast of California. The designs feature floral and animal themes. Each image is etched accurately with meticulous attention to the intricate details of the design. With an eye for subtlety and detail, Cynthia employs a shadowing technique that gives her artistry depth and dimension. All pieces are hand blown, individually drawn and sandblasted, signed and dated.
Cynthia has developed an ever widening reputation for her sand carved glass vases with their decorative exteriors and their innovative cut-away rims. Her work is featured in collections and galleries in Europe, Japan, and the United States. Her designs are etched onto glass of a wide range of colors and shapes — bowl, vase, and compote. The designs feature a diverse range of plants and animals, such as blue heron, roses, dogwood, turtles, grapes, egrets, clematis, and fuchsias.
Ree Slocum Former Member
Ree grew up in Northern Wisconsin freely roaming the woods and creeks near her home. Following animal tracks, listening to birds, getting to know the plants and flowers, and discovering other secrets in the wilds were passions that continue today.
After pursuing photography as a photojournalist in the early '80s, Ree picked the camera up again in 2002 … the digital age had finally produced cameras capable of making the type of images she's passionate about. Her studies of flowers invite us to visit the rich micro worlds around us…places we seldom experience in our busy lives.
Susan Spencer and Michael Wilson Former Members
Collective assemblage
Michael Wilson and Susan Spencer create collective assemblage works through their studio, Art Avenue. Michael studied art at the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena, and was greatly influenced by the "cool school" artists of the Ferus Gallery, Los Angeles. He went on to open The Ground Floor Gallery in Pasadena in the early 90's and fondly recalls those days when, "There were 400 of us artists living in 6 square blocks of Old Town, Pasadena!"
Minnie McQueary Founding Member
Watercolor, oil, acrylic, and ink
Minnie has always found ways to give back to the local community of Mendocino County and to artists everywhere who cherish the positive effects of art. Through dedication and a true love for the arts, McQueary has been an inspiration in the artist community with masterful paintings along with private art instruction and techniques for over 40 years. Recent classes she has taught include a "Fun Art" series for young artists.
Laura Fogg Member
Art quilting
Laura has been a mural painter and seamstress for many years, and has recently begun to combine the two media and go in a whole new direction — art quilting. She uses a "painterly" collage style in her art, with landscapes as her primary focus. Much of her inspiration comes from the beauty she enjoys on a daily basis in Mendocino County.
Laura's work has been shown both locally and nationally. Many pieces have been juried into major shows, and a number have been prizewinners. Her work has been published in calendars, magazines, and books. She lectures and teaches art quilting classes throughout northern California. For the last 30 years, Laura has been teaching blind people how to get around with a white cane. Maybe it is this all-day focus on lack of sight that makes the world such a visual treat for her. Everything in her landscapes is cut freehand and allowed to move around as she machine appliques pieces onto the layers below. She works fast as a means of achieving a more dynamic outcome.
Robert Pappas Former Member
Robert, owner of Glass Mountain Designs, has been a fulltime art glass professional for 27 years. After receiving a bachelors degree in Fine Arts, he started teaching at the college level. His art glass windows and custom lighting can be found in hundreds of homes, several churches, and restaurants nationwide as well as some in Europe.
In 1997, he started producing many styles of glass for lighting which as sold wholesale to several lighting companies. As a result of this production, there are about 14,000 light fixtures out there with glass made by Robert. Some are very simple and some are very complex. He seeks to bring beauty into everyday lives of others. He has lived in Ukiah for 6 years.
John Richards Member
John loves to experiment by combining his woodworking and machine shop skills in intricate ways. He especially loves making his beautiful abalone pens. He gets his exotic woods from around the world, and local wood primarily from burls – black walnut, oak, redwood, maple, and buckeye. He enjoys the beauty of the different kinds of wood he works with, such as rosewood, purple heart, paduak, ebony, and blood wood. He inlays abalone, mother of pearl shells, elk and deer antlers, and ebony and ivory from recycled piano keys for his pens.
John crafts his boxes made out of wood and epoxy. He creates a mold, assembles the wood burl parts, and very slowly fills the mold with epoxy. When dry, he slices the lid off, designs the inside pockets by hollowing the sections out by hand with routers — the deeper, the more difficult. He then re-polishes the box, designs the outside, and attaches hidden barrel hinges so that the design of the box is emphasized. He sometimes inserts abalone, pearls, and gemstones such as garnet, amethyst, malachite, lapis lazuli, and ice flake quartz for a sparkle on the inside.
Elliot Little Founding Member
Elliot enjoys capturing the beauty of Northern California and producing images that celebrate it. The opportunity to explore the colors, shades, and textures on many different scales in the "digital darkroom" has greatly enriched this activity.
After an initial start in photography when he first came to California from the East Coast forty years ago, Elliot let it go in the whirlpool of the late 60's.
During his time in Ukiah he has experimented with juggling, acting, and singing, but constantly had an eye on the natural beauty of our area and a desire to express his appreciation of it. Returning to photography about ten years ago, he soon started riding the increasingly exciting waves of digital photography in a celebration of the wonders surrounding us.
Susan Blackwelder Founding Member
Watercolor and oil painting, pastel, drawing, clay sculpture
Susan has always loved to draw. She particularly enjoys capturing the likeness of her subjects, which often include the faces and figures of both people and animals. She also enjoys a multiplicity of art materials — painting in oil, pastel, and watercolor, and sculpting in clay. Her work shows a sense of fun. Known for her expert ability to capture the likeness of her subject, she has numerous commissioned works to her credit.
Susan is continually expanding her techniques and has most notably studied with Nancy Teeling Baltins, Bob Comings, Paula Gray, Wayne Knight, Tony Couch, Judy Betts, Dale Laitinen, Jane Burnham, Erin Dertner, Barbara Nechis, Christopher Schink, and Mac Magruder. Susan has built a clientele for her art and her works are held in both public and private collections.
Cassie Gibson Founding Member
Cassie has enjoyed the process of creation since childhood. As an adult, she has worked in several mediums: 3D soft sculpture, drawing, painting, printmaking, silk screening, and painting on fabric. In the last 20 years, she has concentrated on using silk dyes for painting on silk and velvet and devore (the burnout process). Recently, she took a quiltmaking class at Mendocino College and began to stitch on her paintings.
Her ideas come from nature, family and social issues. Once she has the idea, the work frequently seems to flow as do the dyes on silk. She is blessed to have the time and the opportunity to create.
Cassie has studied with a variety of well known artists over the years. At Mendocino College she studied with: M. Wayne Knight, Holly Brackmann, Lolli Jacobsen, and Elizabeth Ross. At the Surface Design Conventions, she studied with Peggy Juvee, Betsy Sterling Benjamin, and Wendy Huhn. At the Mendocino Art Center she studied with Susan Moyer, Kerr Grabowski, Jason Pollen, Lisa Gray, Suzanne Punch, Natasha Foucoult, and others.
Tom Johnsen Founding Member
Painting, photography
Tom was born in Alameda in 1941 and started painting in earnest when he took classes at Sonoma State while earning a studio degree. He is curator of the Ukiah Players Gallery since 1993 and an art teacher at Potter Valley High School. He has acted in plays since 1977 and creates sets for the Players Theater in Ukiah.
Katie Gibbs Founding Member
Steel sculpture
Katie, who hails from southern California, attended architecture school at Cal and Harvard. She then moved to France for a new life raising three boys, with Legos and crafts replacing drawing and sculpture. She studied urban design and worked with a community design team while in France.
Back in California, her new job led her to a new material — steel. She designed bridges, and began welding pieces from scrap metal, eventually investing in a plasma torch to cut shapes in steel plate. She designs elements of décor such as gates, sculptures, and wall ornaments in steel.
She is joined in her work by her son Marc Gengoux (see separate description about his work).
Kathie Godec Founding Member
Graphite, colored pencil, charcoal, ink, soft and oil pastels on paper
Kathie has been an artist all her life. After graduating from Ukiah High School, she earned her B.A. at San Francisco State College as a Diversified Art Major, graduating in 1969. Diversifying her major allowed her to work in all forms and media. After graduating, she worked in the art department at a San Francisco printing company and in the graphic arts field until the 1990's. In 1993, she enrolled in the Certificate Program in Landscape Architecture offered through UC Berkeley Extension and graduated in 2000. She moved back to my childhood home in Ukiah in 2003.
Kathie's artwork is a product of location, vocation, and personal esthetic. Her artistic expression runs from rendered realism to abstract expression, in various media, on paper. In the end she always comes back to her love of the "line" in all its forms. The quality and beauty of line as a simple but controlled mark on paper allowed her endless forms of expression, both timeless and deep.
Jeanette Carson Founding Member
Stained glass and watercolor
Jeanette can't remember a time in her life when she was not creating some type of artwork. After college she worked as a commercial artist in the Bay Area and then moved with her family to Ukiah, where she opened a graphic arts and leaded glass design business, in operation for 30 years. For the last six years, she has also been painting in watercolor.
Jeanette has chosen to work with stained glass and watercolor for personal reasons —it allows her to create art that enhances the experiences of people, and expresses her feelings of all that is beautiful and optimistic in the world. Because these mediums have similar transparent qualities, they can lead beyond the immediate and out of the normal.
In creating her art, she uses designs that include the mind but do not isolate it. In a society that values reality, she wants her work to show something positive, fresh, and open.
Susan O. Gordon Founding Member
Acrylic painting
Susan creates abstract, non-representational paintings using acrylic paints on large canvas surfaces with dramatic colors. She began painting in 2003 — "I arrived late to the art party," she says — with the intention of painting small portraits. However, after a lifetime devoid of drawing, painting, and the formal arts, she took a brush to canvas and experienced freedom with big canvases, big strokes, and bold colors of oranges, reds, and blacks.
Then Susan wanted to really feel what she was painting — to connect directly from her heart, arms, and hands to the canvas. She put down her brush, dipped her hands in the paint, and touched the canvas — it was electrical. She found myself returning to the canvas more and more frequently. Susan is the founder of Art Center Ukiah.
Red Wolf Founding Member
Aluminum honeycomb mixed media
Red Wolf works on sandwiched honeycomb aluminum aerospace panels. He finds that scoring a highly reflective groove pattern into the aluminum substrate enables him to have a degree of control of the path of light rays entering and exiting the painting. He has been experimenting with materials for many years and utilizes several combinations of thin films, particles, and coatings to create and control structural colors at various wavelengths.
Structural color in nature is seen in numerous places. Good examples are found in many of the feathers of tropical birds, butterfly wings, and tropical fish. These colors are generated optically by the refraction of light rather than by the absorption of light, which is typical of pigmented paints. Red Wolf sees himself as a painter and the work that he creates as paintings. While he does paint with a large array of pigmented paints and dies in acrylic and oil emulsions, many of the paintings have an element of color that is generated structurally. To this end, his technique of painting takes on elements of the assemblage of a mixed media process. See more on Red Wolf's website.
Marc Gengoux Guest
Sculpture, painting
Born in the Alps in France and without formal art training, Marc feels free to experiment with many types of media. He creates from the soul and often works to music, expressing the sounds and texture of the music in his own art. He works in oil or acrylic on canvas, wood, or cardboard — whatever is at hand. He also sculpts in wood and steel and sometimes mixes media.
Marc has exhibited in numerous galleries in France, most recently at Galerie Cupillard in Grenoble. Marc lives in Le Sappey en Chartreuse in France, with his wife and two daughters, and is the head of the history department in Lycee de Graisivaudan in Meylan, France. He often spends the summer in Ukiah with his mother, Katie Gibbs, a founding member of the gallery.
Emeritus Member Artists
Holly Cratty
Willow Jackson
Rose Peterson Myers
Gloria Simmonds
Sun Wolf


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Results 1 to 13 of 13
September 2nd, 2008 #1
Reference Books I Think You Would Love
Hokay, so, I don't know how many of you know me that well, but I LOVE books. I love them. I love them so much, when I have almost no money, I STILL buy them. Even over food. However, I also have a lot of books that I use only for reference - not art books, not fiction, no. Mostly these are dictionaries, encyclopedias, informational books, or picture books of various things. Anyway, I thought I would start compiling a list here to show you my little library of reference books.
As I'm not at home, I'm doing this from memory, so I will come back and edit this later as I remember/go home/buy more books.
If you don't mind, please tell me what reference books you have, and what you use them for! I always love to buy new ones!
Okay, here we go:
Books About Mythology/Angels/Monsters/Legends/Folklore and Superstition
- Dictionary of Angels: Including the Fallen Angels : This is one of my favourite books. It's basically a textbook of angel and demon lore, with a huge bibliography of reference for every angel, demon, and grigori you can think of! Great inspirational material for crazy ass bosses and monsters in games - angels and demons came in almost every form you've ever heard of!
- The Element Encyclopedia of 5000 Spells: The Ultimate Reference Book for the Magical Arts: This book is HUGE. This is great for things like wizards and old legends - there is so much superstition in this book, it's great for thinking up things for fantasy illustrations, novels, etc. Also it gives you a good idea for what kind of magic each culture believed in, including faerie magic, etc. Plus, it has pictures!
- The Element Encyclopedia of Witchcraft: The Complete A-Z for the Entire Magical World: This book follows up on the one above, but rather than list spells and ingredients, it deals more with the history and the make-up. Very interesting! I use it mostly for character creation, especially for fantasy!
- The Element Encyclopedia of Magical Creatures: The Ultimate A-Z of Fantastic Beings From Myth and Magic: This is my favourite out of this series! Literally thousands of mythical monsters, all at your finger tips! Really great for drawing exercises, and getting the brain fired up about creature-creation.
-New! Complete Guide To Faeries And Magical Beings: Mostly text, covers lots of myths and legends surrounding these pesky little creatures.
Books On Architecture
- Moorish Style: This is one of my favourite books! A nice, big, fully-coloured book on Moorish Architecture, which spans through most of the arab world and moorish-spain, this is a great reference for that entire period! There are even images of period costumes and settings *within* these walls, and let me tell you, the architecture of that time was so gorgeous that it's totally worth it. Really good for ideas for buildings, etc, but also for PATTERNS. There are so many crazy patterns in this book! (Since icons were illegal, you couldn't paint people or animals, so you end up with really crazy patterns instead.) Definitely recommended.
-New! Visual Encyclopedia of Architecture: Nice, thick book that covers almost everything you can imagine in the world of architecture. Mostly pre-modern, all images are etchings or ink drawings, but very informative none-the-less. Lots of building designs that totally are out of use now, and great for thinking up alien architecture!
-New! Cloisters Of Europe: Gorgeous book full of pictures of medieval cloisters. Lots of stone work and hallways and yum!
Books About People/Fashion/Cultures
- Fresh Fruits: This book is greeeeat. It's absolutely jam-packed full of pictures of real people in Tokyo, all wearing some really awesome outfits. It's great reference for character design, costume design, facial and anatomy studies... you name it! There are two or three other books by this author that I really really want, both which I have seen in stores and know are just as good as this one: Fruits and Gothic Lolita.
-New! Burlesque and the Art of the Teese/Fetish and the Art of the Teese: This book is AWESOME. If you are a Dita Von Teese fan, like women's fashion, or, um, just like looking at sexy pictures, this is right up your alley. Great reference for pretty much anything sexy!
-New! Men At Sea : Big picture book of modern-day fishermen. Lots of reference for boat, storms, and, well, fishermen! Totally covered in pictures and some REALLY nice images to boot.
-New! The Oxford Companion to Archaeology: Again, pretty much as it sounds! This book is DENSE, and only really useful if you know what you're looking for! It's not exactly something you can just read and get the jist of. That being said, if you do know what you're looking for, it's really comprehensive and useful!
Books About Space
-New! Hubble: The Mirror On the Universe: A big book of pictures taken by the Hubble Telescope!! Tell me, what more could a girl ask for?
-New! Atlas of the Skies: Journeying Between the Stars and Planets in the Discovery of the Universe : More stuff on space! This one has a nice focus on planets within our solar system - though I think Pluto was still one of them when it was published! Lots of pretty pictures.
Books About Boats/Naval Warfare
-New! Encyclopedia of Ships: Pretty much exactly what it says! Covers both Military and Civilian vessels from 5000 BC to the present day.
Books About Animals
-New! The Miracle of Flight: Book specifically about flight in nature, detailing birds, insects, etc. Lots of pretty pictures!
Okay, guys, I have to stop here for now... I have LOTS of books, but it's hard finding them online when I don't have them in front of me and can't remember the titles!
Please please let me know what you use, I love reference books!
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Last edited by daestwen; September 3rd, 2008 at 11:42 PM.
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September 2nd, 2008 #2
oooh! Sounds really good. Any good books on medieval stuff anyone?
September 2nd, 2008 #3
I heart books as well. Mostly dictionaries though. Ethymology is very interesting, as are latin dictionaries.
I don't really have reference books, but I have The Art of Middle Earth art book, which is awesome, just to gaze at, but also to study.
EDIT: those books really sound awesome!
also, I actually have a book (very thin, it's more of a leaflet, actually) on weapins through the ages. Very superficial and quick, but some great weapons! I don't think you can get it outside some war museum in England though...
September 2nd, 2008 #4
hmmmmm.... This may be a short list without my art books ...
BUT here we go - These are the books I use as reference - not all of them are specifically "reference" books, but then I use pretty much everything for reference of one kind or another. Some are from memory, as I don't have all my books in my studio with me. yet. That will change.
In no particular order ... except the first one. which is always first. Always.
Demon Haunted World - Science as a Candle in the Dark by Carl Sagan.
The Mythic Image - Joseph Campbell
Heaven and Earth, unseen by the naked eye.
Star List 2000 Essentially a list of stellar bodies and their locations as of the year 2000.
The Hero's Journey - Joseph Campbell
Please Understand Me - Briggs/Meyer personality typing based on Jungian ideas. Awesome.
The Writer's Guide to Creating a Science Fiction Universe
Guns, Germs, and Steel: The fate of human societies - Jared Diamond
The Third Chimpanzee - " "
The Spanish Civil War Osprey Men At Arms series.
The Japanese Army of World War II " "
American Civil War Calvary Almark Publicantions
American Soldiers of the Revolution " "
More of the same from several different nations - most WWII or before.
A book on Witchcraft upstairs that I do not recall the title of.
A series of Myths and Legends, I think done by Time Life ages and ages ago. Good enough for me to keep, but also upstairs.
The Prince - Machiavelli
As A Man Thinketh - okay, but really not that great. Still thumb through it every now and then.
The Flight of the Dragon - an aged book on the theory and practice of art in China and Japan.
If I were to include my art books, this list would be much, much longer.
Books that I want: Anything well written and thoughtful on cultures. Cultures are what define us as human beings, so to me, to understand ourselves and each other, we need to understand our respective cultures. Specifically, I'm looking for recommendations on pretty much anything non-western. Of particular interest this moment, Meso-American cultures and Africa. Also China (pan-china really) and Japan.
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September 3rd, 2008 #5
Oreg, are most of those picture/reference or written/reference or both...?
September 3rd, 2008 #6
Most of them are written with few pictures. However, Heaven and Earth is pretty awesome, because it's all visual, and goes from the micro to the macro. Quite the visual journey! The Almark and Osprey book series are sort of a mix - they have both extensive text and pictures. Very good reference for uniforms of all sorts.
The rest are all written
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September 3rd, 2008 #7
Ahh, okay. I like picture books myself, though obviously i read a lot, but most of my favourite references are visual.
September 3rd, 2008 #8
my preference is towards the visual as well. Hence my gobs of art books that I've not listed
But these days, most of my visual reference comes from the web. which probably isn't a good thing...
Oh, the myths and legends series is more visual as well. so.
PS - do magazines count? I've got lots of National Geographic floating around...
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September 3rd, 2008 #9
Damn... and i was trying to save as much of my paycheck as possible
September 3rd, 2008 #10
The Kyoto Costume Institute's Fashion: A History from the 18th to 20th Century - Photographs of clothing from the colonial period through modern times, AWESOME reference for costume and clothing construction/details
The Complete Encyclopedia of Elves, Goblins and other Little Creatures - HUGE collection of fairy and creature stories, folk tales from all over the world, ranging from the very childish to the very adult (like Russian Bath House pixies)
Toulouse-Lautrec and Montmartre - The catalog from the traveling show, excellent resource of poster art and other awesomeness from the Belle Epoque.
Hotel La Chapelle - because his photography is always inspiring, lush and candy-looking
Process Recess by James Jean makes me want to cover my sketchbook in awesome and lvl up LOTS. One of the most beautiful books I have ever seen.
For magazines - Any issue of Moda, National Geographic
Also, highly recommend Taschen's art books - I have one on the Romantics, Waterhouse, Symbolists, Alchemy and Mysticism, Art Nouveau, Fashion (the one listed above), etc. EXCELLENT photographic reference, and some good reading material if you care for a more rounded, meaty reading/eyecandy experience.
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If you can ever find it - The Glass Harmonica. A very strange take on much lore, some facts(if I remember correctly) and illustrated.
September 3rd, 2008 #12
... wiat - what exactly are we counting as "art books?" Books about art, or graphic novels, or or or what?
I want a clarification!
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September 3rd, 2008 #13
Hokay! Updated the original post.
Shane, I meant books on/about art, simply because i was talking more natural-world (or culturally related) reference, rather than art books which have been covered in other threads.
edit: I still have more books, but I'm tiiiired.


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Originally written on Fox Sports | Last updated 11/18/12
FOXBORO, MA - JANUARY 10: Tom Brady #12 of the New England Patriots gestures as he lines up in the shotgun formation against the Baltimore Ravens during the 2010 AFC wild-card playoff game at Gillette Stadium on January 10, 2010 in Foxboro, Massachusetts. (Photo by Elsa/Getty Images)
The New England Patriots superb offense finally got some help from the rest of the team. The Patriots used three scoring passes from Tom Brady, two touchdowns on interception returns and another on a punt return to match a team single-game scoring record in a 59-24 rout of the Indianapolis Colts on Sunday. The first matchup between three-time Super Bowl winner Brady and star rookie Andrew Luck was no match. The Patriots (7-3) won their fourth straight game and extended their lead in the AFC East to three games over the other three teams. The Colts (6-4) had their four-game winning streak stopped by the NFL's best offense and one of its worst defenses. Now New England must hurry to prepare for its Thanksgiving night meeting with the Jets (4-6). New York ended a three-game slide with a 27-13 win over the St. Louis Rams. For the Patriots, Sunday's win was their most complete in a season in which they've averaged 35.8 points per game and lost their three games by a combined margin ...
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March 5, 2009
TUSCON, Ariz. - The Holy Cross baseball team fell to Arizona, 8-1, on Wednesday night at Jerry Kindall Field. With the loss, the Crusaders fall to 0-5 on the season while the Wildcats improve to 6-4. Senior catcher Tim Hughes (Andover, Mass.) led the team's offense with a 1-for-2 performance at the plate, driving in the lone Holy Cross run.
Arizona took a 1-0 lead in the first inning as leadoff hitter Hunter Pace reached first on a field error. Advancing to second and third on a throwing error, Pace scored on a double to left field by Brad Glenn. The Wildcats put up two more runs in the bottom of the second, making the score 3-0. With one out in the top of the fourth inning, senior Jake Gorman (Norfolk, Mass.) reached first base on a throwing error and then advanced to second. Reaching third on a wild pitch, Gorman scored on a single by Hughes to center field, making the score, 3-1. Scoring one run in the seventh inning and three to close out the eighth, the Wildcats picked up an 8-1 victory.
The Crusaders return to action on Thursday, March 5, opening a three-game series with Arizona State at 8:30 p.m.(ET)


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How do I switch from Telecom to Global System for Mobile communication (GSM)?
Learn how to start a Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) career with your Telecom experience, in this expert response from our training and certification expert, Ed Tittel.
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Your best bets are either to pursue an advanced engineering degree with a specialization in GSM, or to go to work for a vendor that designs, builds, and/or installs GSM systems. Indeed there are a few minor GSM certifications (for example ExperRating) but this is probably too technical a subject matter to penetrate without more academic training and research or going to work for a GSM vendor.
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LINCOLN, Neb. – The Dakota Wesleyan University women's basketball team responded to a one-point loss at Dordt College Wednesday with an 81-53 win over Nebraska Wesleyan University Saturday afternoon in Lincoln, Neb.
The win leaves the Tigers in a three-way tie for fifth place with Mount Marty College and Hastings College. All three teams have 10-8 marks in the Great Plains Athletic Conference. Morningside College leads the league with a 15-3 record and Concordia University is second at 14-4. DWU hosts No. 11 Northwestern and No. 9 Briar Cliff – which are tied for third with 13-5 GPAC records – this week in the final two games of the regular season.
Saturday, Dakota Wesleyan (19-9 overall) went on a 13-2 run to start the game and never looked back. Amanda Hart hit a three to start and Brittany Hills made it a six-point game with another three a few minutes later and the Tigers never let up. The Prairie Wolves cut the gap to six, 19-13, with 12:20 left in the first half, but Celeste Beck hit a three and converted a three-point play to push DWU's lead back to 12, 25-13, with 11:20 left in the half. A three by Elizabeth Lamb capped off a 13-3 run by DWU to put the Tigers up 21, 45-24, with 2:45 left in the half. The Tigers led 45-26 at halftime.
Dakota Wesleyan – which shot better than 53 percent in the first half – pushed its lead back to 20 early in the second half on a jumper by Hart, and kept it there the remainder of the game.
Hart and Kim Johnson both finished with 16 points to pace Dakota Wesleyan. Hills added 13 points and nine rebounds and Lexie Christensen and Katie Johnson each added nine points. Taylor Piper had five assists. DWU hit nine 3-pointers, went 18-for-22 from the line and had 39 rebounds and nine turnovers. DWU shot 44.3 percent from the field.
Courtney Cook paced NWU with 13 points. Mallory Shanahan added eight points and 15 rebounds for the Prairie Wolves, who are 3-12 overall and 1-18 in the league. Nebraska Wesleyan shot 33.3 percent from the field, hit five threes and went 10-for-16 from the line. They had 38 rebounds and 17 turnovers.
The Tigers are back at home Wednesday, Feb. 13, when they host Northwestern at 6 p.m. The game is a blackout, and fans are asked to wear all black to support the Tigers.


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No camping break would be possible without a light source to help you find your way in the dark. From LED camping lanterns and wind up torches to 2 in 1 torches, our torches and lanterns will provide all the light you could need.
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Mollie Makes
Stitch Craft Create has partnered up with Mollie Makes, the lifestyle and craft magazine for those who live and love handmade! Handmade is more than just a hobby for Mollie Makes, it's in everything they do. Like to get your hands on your own copy? Subscribe here today!
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The Brazilian chose not to contest a charge from the FA which related to an altercation with Sunderland's Sebastian Larsson.
The charge usually carries a three-match suspension but another game was added as Ramires had also been sent off for violent conduct last month in a match with Aston Villa.
His decision to accept the punishment rules him first out of the trip to face title rivals Liverpool - a match for which Chelsea manager Jose Mourinho has claimed he will select a weakened team - as well as meetings with Norwich City and Cardiff City. The fourth match will comprise the first domestic match of next season.


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07/17/2007 – Global Leadership Development Satellite Conference
Former President Jimmy Carter and former Secretary of State Colin Powell will be featured in exclusive interviews at The Leadership Summit, an annual global gathering of 100,000 church and business leaders in 200 cities worldwide.
The Leadership Summit will be beamed live via satellite and to 138 locations in North America, Thursday, Aug. 9 – Saturday, Aug. 11, and will be videocast to an additional 76 cities worldwide in the fall. The sessions with Carter and Powell will be presented on video in an exclusive interview setting.
Now in its 12th year, The Summit's principles of dynamic leadership have transcended the walls of the church as companies now routinely send teams to The Summit and use it as one of their core annual training events. The Leadership Summit provides inspiration and motivation for those with leadership abilities or responsibilities. Speakers at The Leadership Summit 2007 will present motivation and innovative principles on topics that are applicable in both the boardroom and church and ministry settings, with topics including leadership challenges, making tough choices, team building, implementing strategy, and leveraging leadership through compassion.
For information about the conference or to register for The Leadership Summit 2007 at Church of the Resurrection, visit the website: http://www.cor.org/Willow_Creek_Leadership_Summit_2007.4528.0.html
Two complimentary admissions (valued at $445 each) are available for the first two Leawood Chamber members who call 544-0232. This offer expires July 25, 2007.
Web Site: http://www.cor.org/Willow_Creek_Leadership_Summit_2007.4528.0.html