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Feb 18, 2007
Marketing Science to Girls
The most obvious things I would include in such a kit would be
(1) pieces offered in different colors---not "girly" colors, just LEGO colors. Believe it or not, even some boys prefer color.
(2) pieces which allow for building curves---not just hard angles.
What do you think? Can you think of something that would make NXT more appealing to girls?
31 comments:
- Jim Kelly said...
Thinking back to when I was younger, I remember that (most) girls typically weren't interested in cars, spaceships, scifi, etc... although at the time I never really gave it much though, today I do wonder what it is that encourages or discourages young girls from being interested in things that are generally considered of "male interest" - things like robots fall into that.
When I was in engineering school, there were quite a few females studying engineering, but I'd still estimate it was less than 10% of the total population of engineering students. I'm sure television, gender-based treatment from adults, and other factors play a strong part. I don't know what the answer is, but I sure hope if I have a little girl that she'll love learning and creating as much as I do - robots or otherwise.
- Feb 18, 2007, 2:04:00 AM
I believe that it may just be that most girls dont have a natural intrest in things like this. Not saying that some girls dont like this stuff, it is just not common. Why do you think that there is a girl market and a boy market?
- Feb 18, 2007, 6:09:00 AM
I don't believe that science and technology need to be marketed to different groups of people. Those who get involved with it should have a genuine interest in it, and if it's the colour scheme of the kit that makes a person buy it, then they're doing it for the wrong reason.
It is true that there are few girls involved in robotics. I mentor a group of grade school students which consists of seven boys and only a single girl. I've been to a good number of competitions and usually only about 10% of the participents are girls.
I think that girls should be encouraged to get involved in robotics, but it should be done by promoting the technological aspects, not the aesthetic ones.
- Feb 18, 2007, 6:17:00 AM
- Maniac... said...
When my mom wanted to get a computer, here only requirement was "I want it to be white"
All she was interested in was aesthetics.
If I wanted to get a computer, I could care less what it looks like, but I can rattle off a long list of technical requirements.
I really don't see how this is a boy girl split though. Our FLL team was (unintentionally) 50% boys and 50% girls. And NOBODY cared what the robot looked like, jut how it worked.
- Feb 18, 2007, 6:34:00 AM
- Noel Maywald said...
Two comments:
1. If you are really interested in the boy/girl differences in interests, I would highly recommend that you read the book "Why men don't listen & Women can't read maps" by Allan & Barbara Pease (publisher Orion PTI). A very readable book it provides some valuable insights into human behaviour that I think everyone should be aware of.
2. Personally I am very disappointed with the NXT colour scheme. Give me the normal LEGO bright colours any day. After all, the colour does not affect the functionality of a device but it does affect its attractiveness.
- Feb 18, 2007, 7:49:00 AM
- langellier said...
I am very interested in getting girls more interested also. Below is a description of a course I've put together for this summer. Comments/suggestions would be welcome!
Course Title
Artistic Invention and Expression
Exercise your creativity and ingenuity as you combine art and engineering!
The Artistic Invention and Expression course is modeled after other highly successful initiatives that seek to introduce students to technology and engineering design by combining those concepts with creative artistic expression. Similar programs have been successfully run in situations as diverse as after-school learning environments in under-served communities (http://www.computerclubhouse.org and http://llk.media.mit.edu/) to museums (http://www.pienetwork.org) to college courses at Wellesley College (http://www.wellesley.edu/Physics/robots/studio.html) and MIT (http://web.mit.edu/6.270/).
Students will combine craft materials with mechanical parts and programmable devices. Girls and boys will both be inspired to think more imaginatively about what is possible and what they want to construct as they learn through creative engineering. They will develop theme-based creations that will be displayed in an exhibition during the last class session.
No prior building or programming experience is required. Students will be taught everything they need to know during class. Students will work in teams of two or three - friends are welcome to sign up together and will be allowed to be partners. All materials will be provided.
- Feb 18, 2007, 2:24:00 PM
- Louise Dade said...
As a girl (approaching 30), I have always loved Lego, my first sets were the 'Classic' space when I was about 8 or 9, and then I discovered Technic sets when I was about 10 - and have been hooked ever since.
My sets included cars with piston engines, and a pneumatic JCB - not very "girly"! I found it fascinating, but then I have always been interested in science and technology.
I have rediscovered Lego via the NXT and couldn't care less what colour it is, however, I have noticed a tendancy to try and make my own robot designs colour-coordinated - is this a "girl thing"?
I do not think making the kits brightly coloured will on its own encourage girls, it's a culture thing. Many girls who are interested might be put off joining FLL etc. because they (rightly or wrongly) think it will be dominated by boys. Also girls tend (again, not always) to be less motivated by competition.
I wonder how many girls are enjoying the technical Lego quietly at home on their own (like me)!
- Feb 18, 2007, 9:38:00 PM
- Fay Rhodes said...
I asked this question originally because the NXT was designed and marketed specifically for 14-year-old boys. If that's the case, then why can't they do the same kind of "marketing" for girls? I don't have the answers about what would appeal to girls, but you can bet that market researchers do.
- Feb 19, 2007, 12:06:00 AM
- David Levy said...
response to langellier post
I'd be interested to here more about your "Artistic Invention and Expression" course. Are you incorporating the NXT into the curriculum?
I'll be running a camp this summer for rising 6th-8th graders. The theme will be based on the 2006 FLL challenge however I am always on the lookout for new ideas.
- Feb 19, 2007, 1:34:00 AM
- Tony said...
I think the male / female divide is not so much about engineering, physics and maths as such. Rather the presentation of them as being abstract activities.
Women, (and girls!), blossom in areas such as as botany and medicine where the practical relevance to the world around them is more obvious.
Of course there are nurture aspects as well. In some communist regimes girls and boys were assigned jobs or subjects for degrees with little account of their interests. As far as I know the men and women passed through their training to become equally able chemical engineers or crane operators.
I am currently reading about USian women who grew up with an interest in technology, and their family conflicts or support. This is a collection of essays by such women, titled "She's such a geek - women write about science, technology & other nerdy stuff". Edited by Annalee Newitz & Charlie Anders, ISBN 1-58005-190-1. (I saw Annalee talk about the book recently, and was persuaded to go and buy it.)
Tony N.
- Feb 19, 2007, 3:58:00 AM
- Brian Davis said...
On the subject of the NXT colors, there's another factor to consider - cost. I'd love a brighter color scheme for a lot of NXT creations as well, but LEGO couldn't profitably include a full set of duplicate parts in, say, five different color schemes. Instead, they chose to select a nice neutral pallet that can be complemented by small amounts of different colors. I actually think they really did a good (coilor-coordinating) job with the colro scheme.
On the subject of boys vs. girls in LEGO, the newest edition of BrickJournal is out, and has a very nice article on female AFoL's that readers might quite enjoy. Take a look:
Brian Davis
- Feb 19, 2007, 6:53:00 AM
- Jim Kelly said...
Fay, you've opened up a great discussion here!
I have a sister - she was tops in math (straight As in Calculus I and Calculus II in high school) and is still very bright :)
She chose accounting as a career, but I have no doubt that she could have done very well in the engineering programs available at her university.
We both had a teacher in 7th grade for math - I won't mention his name, but when it came to boys, he was very strict and always made sure we knew how to calculate the right answer - he would "embarass" us by sending us to the board to do these long math problems until we got it right. I disagree (today) with his method, but there's no doubt my math skills when I moved to 8th grade were exceptional. Now, when it came to the girls, he handled them too delicately. I can remember him telling a friend of mine, Wendy, "That's okay - math is hard. You just keep trying." He would baby them and really didn't give them the hard time that the boys received.
Today, this type of behavior would never be tolerated, but back in the early 80s, I saw a LOT of this behavior in the math and science classes. I'm not trying to insult the teaching profession, but in my experience I saw so many girls treated as if math and science was a man's field. (To add insult to injury - boys were NOT allowed to take Home Economics where they taught the girls cooking, sewing, etc - boys were only later allowed to take it in high school).
I've got a baby on the way and let me tell you - boy or girl - that child will be shown the wonders of everything - math, history, science, English, and, yes, robots :P
- Feb 19, 2007, 7:25:00 AM
- Rick Rhodes said...
In the latest issue of Brick Journal to which Brian refers, several AFFOLs (Adult Female Fans of Lego) are interviewed.
Most of these women say that Lego isn't doing enough to market their products to girls.
The research out there indicates that boys and girls show preferences for different kinds of toys. (Whether this is due to "nature" or "nurture" is a matter of debate).
Marketing science and tech toys to girls makes sense to me. If such marketing helps to interest girls in science and technology, then that seems like a net gain for society.
- Feb 19, 2007, 12:14:00 PM
- Fay Rhodes said...
I'm not suggesting here that the basic kit be changed, but that they offer supplemental resource sets which are less gender-typed.
Is the point of the NXT pure science, or is it meant to introduce young people to the world of robotics and the science associated with it?
If a publisher wants me to pick up his book in the bookstore, it better have an appealing cover. There's nothing wrong with enticing anyone---young or old---to learn about different areas of science.
This is particularly important when it's used in the public school setting. Don't (good) teachers intentionally try to make their subjects attractive to all their students? How are girls going to know if they love science if it's presented in a way that doesn't appeal to them?
I had an aunt who never tasted a strawberry in her whole life, but she decided they were disgusting and refused to taste one. I don't want girls to look at the NXT and refuse to "taste" it because what they see isn't enticing to them.
Offering supplemental sets with a greater variety of colors and shapes is no more expensive than creating any other LEGO set. The plastic is the same, whether it's molded into technic pieces or into classic sets.
- Feb 19, 2007, 12:35:00 PM
- Jim Kelly said...
I've said it before in an "open letter to LEGO" and I'll say it again:
Look at Apple - the iPod came in original white and now you can get it in over a dozen different colors. Why? Because Apple realized that people like color. I agree with Fay - don't choose colors to appeal to a gender - choose colors because it provides variety.
(I'd still buy a Black or Silver colored Brick, though)
- Feb 19, 2007, 1:04:00 PM
- peter hoh said...
Jim makes a great point about Apple and the new color options for the ipod. It's interesting to note that while the second generation iMacs came in a wide array of fruit-flavored colors, the company's current computers only come in black and white.
As for LEGO and color optons, the new Ferrari F430 model comes with both red and yellow body parts (LEGO item 8143). This is the first time I can recall an advanced model coming out with 2 colors options in the same set. Cost is US$10 more than a similar model from last year.
NXT processors in different body colors? I'm sure that would appeal to a lot of dedicated AFOL hobbyists.
What would make LEGO NXT more appealing to girls? I'll be talking later this week to my boss about how we can make our LEGO classes more appealing to girls. I'll get back to you about what I learn.
- Feb 19, 2007, 2:32:00 PM
- langellier said...
Response to David Levy post
I'd be happy to share additional details with you for what I have in mind for the Artistic Inventions and Expression course. We could carry the conversation to email if you'd like, and post back the highlights. Feel free to email me at langellier AT morainevalley.edu.
I am planning 10 different LEGO courses at Moraine Valley Community College this summer. I'll email you the descriptions for all of them. Some are based on past FLL themes, others are based on the Carnegie Mellon camp disks, and some are my own design (synthesized from numerous sources of inspiration).
Anyone else who is interested in the description of all 10 courses is welcome to email.
- Feb 19, 2007, 3:28:00 PM
I'm very happy that the NXT set only comes in gray/white. I tend to ignore the asthetic look of my creations as I am building them. With the current set of parts, whatever I build looks reasonably color-coordinated. If they were to introduce various colors in the next set, I would either need to be alot more careful when constructing, as well as needing alot more parts, or my creations would end up being a mishmash of whatever colors I have on hand. Already this is starting thanks to the colors in some of the other sets and pieces I've bought.
As for marketing the NXT to girls, Lego's last foray into the female toy market (Clikits) was a failure, and it seems unlikely that they would be intrested in doing so again. Also the primary age group of the NXT set is around 12-16, while its been a decade or so since I was that age, it was generally acceptable for boys to be playing with toys at that age. Girls on the other hand wouldn't be caught dead with toys after the age of 11 or so. This isn't something that Lego is going to be able to change, and any attempts to fight it are likely to be met with failure.
- Feb 20, 2007, 2:56:00 AM
- Rick Rhodes said...
Has anyone seen the "rope walker" over on nxtasy.org?
The rope walker's use of colored pieces improves its look considerably, in my opinion.
- Feb 20, 2007, 3:11:00 AM
- JoAnn said...
As an engineer, the homeschooling mom of a female engineer-to-be, and the teacher of a robotics/engineering class (6 boys, 3 girls), I have found this thread both interesting and enlightening.
In tonight's class I will assign my students to read this thread and compose their own posts in response. Posting them all here would probably be overkill, but I thought there might be of some interest from this group. Is anyone interested in hearing what my 13-18yos have to say on the matter? If so, is there somewhere appropriate to place this info so that it doesn't clog up this thread?
- Feb 20, 2007, 7:15:00 AM
- Jim Kelly said...
Absolutely, PLEASE share what your students provide. I know I'm interested, and I'm sure most of the others who have posted here are as well.
- Feb 20, 2007, 8:21:00 AM
- Fay Rhodes said...
Jim G., what you say may have merit for the retail market, but the classroom is another story.
Good teachers put a lot of effort into creating interest in their subject. Offering ways to interest girls can only be a good thing. LEGO already offers one Educational Resource Set; I'm merely suggesting that they offer another kind of supplemental set---one with colors and more shapes.
I also look forward to hearing the feedback from joann's students. Perhaps we can begin a new thread with it.
- Feb 20, 2007, 8:28:00 AM
Keep in mind that one of the goals of the current Lego management is to reduce, and to keep low the number of active components. That is not just part shapes, but also part colors. Adding another supplemental set that is very similar to an exisiting one, yet with different colors would likely increase this number significantly. Considering the size of educational market, as well as the avalible resources of most schools, it seems unlikely that there would be significant intrest in a set. Perhaps some schools would choose a colorful set instead of the exisitng supplemental set, but its very unlikely they would choose it in addtion to the existing set.
- Feb 20, 2007, 11:05:00 PM
- Rick Rhodes said...
Jim G.,
I noticed that your Range Rover on your Motocube web site uses colored technic pieces.
What technic Lego models have the highest number of colored parts? Such models could be cannibalized to build multi-colored NXTs.
Rick R.
- Feb 21, 2007, 3:38:00 AM
All of the red pieces I have coem from either the snowmobile or the crawler crane sets. There are a number of colored technic pieces avalible (mostly red and yellow) However these sets are only avalible for a short period of time(a year or two). A Educational set would likely be avalible for many years. This means taht the various colored pieces would have to be in prodcution for a long time, and at very low volumes.
- Feb 21, 2007, 5:26:00 AM
All students enter into school with nothing but what they have been exposed to at home or at some other care facility. The reason they don't know or care about these things is because they have not been exposed or introducted to them. Most studies say you have to reach those girls before the ages of 13 to get them hooked. Many PhD's have been earned doing research based on why girls do not go into engineering and computer science and the best reasons they could come up with and support with evidence; no early exposure!
- Feb 24, 2007, 7:58:00 AM
- Fay Rhodes said...
Which brings us back to the question of how to most effectively do this!
- Mar 6, 2007, 3:08:00 AM
Marketing Science to Girls, Colors in NXT and what the kids think of it all
Well, my class's responses are in. It's interesting that the boys seemed more interested than the girls in having colors in NXT sets. We're hardly a statistical sample, of course.
For what it's worth, when I suggested to my class that colorful NXT sets might get more girls interested in robots, some of the boys nodded and all of the girls rolled their eyes. ;)
All the girls in my robotics/engineering class have two technical parents – scientists, engineers, and the like. I wonder if marketing science to girls is as simple as making sure technically-minded girls feel accepted – that it's okay, not "unnatural," for a girl to be technically-minded.
Below are my students' responses to this thread. See what you think.
Since I like things that are organized, I probably wouldn't buy multicolored LEGO kits because I don't like separating all of the pieces before I build. And if I don't separate them, they look really blotchy. LEGO might consider making kits containing only two colors--for example: red and blue or pink and purple, and maybe some pastel kit combinations.
-Nolan, age 13
I don't know about what girls like, but as a guy I color coordinate everything I build. In our class we don't have very many colors though, mostly gray and black. Gray and black are great, but they do get old after awhile. I would greatly appreciate more colors, especially orange, green, purple, and yellow.
But I believe whatever the case (prepare for a huge generalization with no data), most people will not mind having more variety in colors. In fact, I think Lego will perhaps even sell more pieces if they add colors, if not only because guys like me will buy more parts. And when it comes right down to it, it's all about the money, now isn't it?
-Ben, age 15
I love variety. Therefore, I don't see anything wrong with more parts and colors in the NXT kits. When I purchase anything, I like to know my options. For instance, I have 50$. I make a mental list of a few things I would like in that price range. A new video game, a couple CD's, some books, these would all come to mind. Sometimes I just go to the store and decide there. And always there is the possibility of saving. But also, each item has certain characteristics that factor into the decision as well. CD's last a long time and are relatively inexpensive for the hours of enjoyment they can provide. Video games are usually a little pricy but, again, can provide hours of fun for me and my siblings. Books are quite cheap for the most part and are one of my top choices of entertainment. That being said, I also like variety when I build with Lego's. If I am building a robot, I will try to make a color scheme (sometimes) symmetrical, patterned, or different. It's not a requirement usually, bit it is fun to make the creation more appealing to the eye. When I was younger, I didn't care about the colors all being a random hodgepodge of green, red, blue, yellow, etc. All I wanted was something to play with. But, I would always notice how sloppy it made my work look. So one day I decided to color-coordinate a design. The result was much better looking than my previous creations. It also made it look more intentional, more like someone had a plan in their head when they thought up the design instead of just picking up some pieces and building something. Colorful designs are one of the last things I worry about though when I am building. JoAnn has taught us to make sure it works and does its task efficiently and consistently first, then worry about if it looks good or not. Also, make it as part efficient as possible. Still, I think that more color and part variety would be an excellent idea, not just for girls either!
-Jake, age 14
Boy or girl, I think there would be some kids who would like the artistic challenge of colorful NXT parts. Isn't part of engineering the way something looks as well as how it runs? The problem I see about color for me is that you do have to be willing to coordinate the colors or your "colorful robot" will end up looking more like a blob then a "work of art." Maybe another person might enjoy this, I would not.
- Donovan, age 13
I'm a 13 year-old girl, and I enjoy building and programming robots. I don't think changing the color of the parts in the kit will encourage girls to buy the NXT. I prefer grey parts, because I don't need to think about what colors I'm using and if they go with the other colors. If there were two sets to choose from, one with grey parts and the other with "girl" colors, I would pick the grey set.
I asked my 7 year-old sister if she would buy a pink NXT set, because she likes to build with pink Lego. She said no. She doesn't enjoy robotics, so she wouldn't use the sensors or the NXT. If there was a set with pink parts, that didn't include the NXT, she might decide to buy the parts to build other structures.
I don't think changing the colors of the parts will help sell the NXT to more girls. But I think that having a choice between two sets, one set with dull, grey-black colors and one with blues, greens, and reds, would let builders construct more colorful designs for some people and less noticeable robots for others.
-Nora, age 13
I think that the NXT kit is just fine the way it is. It might be even better if they just had one shade instead of all different shades of gray. They might want to choose a brighter color though, because just like someone said in the blog, Apple is doing really well with all the different iPod colors and styles. It might be worthwhile to try different sizes and cost levels of NXT kits. That way, people could try it out, and if they liked it, they could buy the bigger sets.
-Bri, age 12
As a teenage girl who is interested in Legos, I may be able to at least offer one subject's view on your discussion. I play with NXT, and Legos in general, not because of the color or because everyone's doing it. I play with them because I enjoy building things. Since I am surrounded by open-minded people, I have never felt pressured to play with 'girly' toys instead. My suggestion for attracting more girls to NXT, or Legos, or even science in general, would be to tell them that it's alright. It seems to me, at least, that today's society has enforced a very definite boy/girl separation. The older generations were taught the girls cooked and boys tinkered, and as those generations are now in control of most media, they are, consciously or not, injecting that into what today's society sees. Though there are, as with everything, some exceptions, the general impression that girls just aren't supposed to like science is still implied. Those screaming ladies that always have to be saved by the intelligent men are still around (ever seen a screaming guy saved by an intelligent woman?). Though movies are slowly getting more intelligent women, who actually know science and mathematics, they are still usually portrayed as unattractive dorks who have the social skills of a rock.
Thus, my suggestion would be to assure girls that it's alright for them to be interested in science. While I'm sure they don't consciously think that an interest in science and the like is taboo, it is probably in their subconscious. Please don't try to sell them science with color. The girls I know (the ones who are interested in science) would probably wonder if that was the only good thing about science - that it's in color - and the girls that would be interested simply based on color probably wouldn't be there for the science. In that case, if a science-oriented girl came into the class and was met with a bunch of girls whose only interest is color, the science girl would probably be discouraged. Is that really what other 'science' girls are like? If so, does she really want to be a science girl? The answer would most likely be no, and you would have lost another scientist.
-Katie, age 14
Some have suggested adding color to Lego to market science to girls. Girls are indeed attracted to color, but so are guys. The major question here, is would the introduction of color to the NXT kits attract more girls? I'm not sure that it would.
Girls have a tendency to be attracted to activities and products if they're colorful and visually attractive. They're more concerned that they get a red 'cute' car than one that can go from zero to sixty in three seconds. Having a tendency to be more concerned about the outward appearance of a product than the product itself, females won't be very initially attracted to something puke green and boxy even if it is a phone that can play music and check email. But if there is a girl who is already interested in a phone that does those things, she might be inclined to look past its appearance get the phone anyway. However, if the phone costs hundreds of dollars, she probably won't buy it regardless of its color.
Girls' interests are also influenced by their environment and upbringing. Someone whose mother or father was a reporter or news anchor, will probably be more attracted by the visual aspect of an object. On the other hand, a girl whose parent(s) were engineers will likely pay more attention to the specifications and performance of a product than its visual appeal. Guys tend to be more like the latter.
Males aren't driven by the sensual aspect of the things in life as much as girls and are more concerned that the Corvette goes from zero to sixty in three seconds than the fact that it is neon green. However, the neon green aspect will bother most guys, but if the car is right, a guy will usually ignore the color and get the car anyway. We are attracted by colors too, but on average prefer darker color schemes. Using the NXT parts, I try to make all of my creations at least uniform in color, preferably black and dark gray. Some people may enjoy the NXT kits in more colors, although I would probably stick to the darker schemes.
Keeping all of this information in mind, would the addition of more colors to the NXT components make it more appealing to girls? I think it would make it more appealing to everyone. But first, we need to consider this question; why are girls attracted to products like the NXT in the first place? From my limited experience it is because they enjoy that type of product (in this case robots) and not necessarily because of its colors. Girls I know who use the NXT like it because of its capabilities and the fact that it has or doesn't have color is either a bonus or a minor disappointment.
Since NXT's aren't extremely cheap, one has to be interested in the product itself in order to make the purchase worthwhile. I think color would make the NXT more aesthetically appealing; however people who aren't interested in Lego or robots will not buy the product even if it is the most appealing thing in the world. Apple is a great example of this. Ipod used to come in one color, white. Then they produced some in black and a myriad of other colors. If someone didn't want an mp3 player, would they buy one from Apple because it had color? Probably not. However if there was someone debating on whether to buy a Microsoft Gigabeat or an Ipod, color might be the factor that determines which product he or she chooses.
Colors will indeed sell more of a certain product within its type of product, but color will not bring in a new customer from outside the market. So in this case, people who are interested in Lego and Robots might buy the NXT kit over another similar product if it had more color. However the NXT has almost zero competition in the robot market except for the RCX, which it has replaced. So in my opinion the introduction of color to the NXT kits will not attract more girls or even help sell more of the product. However if the scientific community were on average to make it's products more aesthetically appealing, girls will be initially attracted and some might try out some of it's products and discover that they might actually like engineering or similar professions. So color will probably help make science more appealing to females, but will not attract more girls to the NXT.
-Bryson, age 18
- Mar 9, 2007, 7:53:00 AM
- Jim Kelly said...
Wow... that's a great response.
I love that the girls rolled their eyes... many times adults (and males) think that for women, it's all about the color or look of something... good to know that the girls are seeing through this and are more interested in not bogging things down with blotchy colors in a robot... hmm... I guess style is some part of it though.
Please tell your class that we appreciate the response... and I'm sure LEGO does, too. They tend to lurk and read comments and posts, so thanks again for all your thoughts.
- Mar 9, 2007, 8:10:00 AM
- One Hundred Movie Reviews said...
My five-year-old daughter pours over the LEGO catalogue whenever it comes to the house. I won't buy her any sets not recommended for her age, so she mostly focuses on that and picks out her favorite sets: Belville and City. But she finds many of the other sets fascinating and asks me how old she has to be before I'll buy them for her. The Mindstorms NXT robot is on her wish list. Currently the cataglogue shows three possible models: a robot that looks like a person (very cute), a robot that looks like a scropion (very cool), and a robot that looks like a bit of construction equipment (very tough). If LEGO wants to try to sell more of these things to ten-year-old girls, I recommend an expansion pack (or something) with instructions to build a puppy-shaped robot. Puppy-shaped robots from other manufacturers are very popular in toy stores (so are dinosaurs, but not with girls, specifically). Nano pets were very popular among girls once upon a time. They weren't exactly robots, but I think the appeal was that they could react to and interact with the child. If NXT can react to lights and sound, it would be great if it could react with light and sound, too!
- Nov 9, 2007, 4:05:00 PM
- Jim Kelly said...
Fay Rhodes (one of the blog contributors) has a book coming out next February that I think you and your daughter will find very interesting - it's all about building animals with the NXT kit and the main audience for the book is younger kids (under age 9-10) who can follow very easy-to-read instructions. I've seen portions of the book and it's amazing.
- Nov 9, 2007, 10:40:00 PM


text:
Former UFC middleweight champion Anderson Silva said following his UFC 162 knockout loss to Chris Weidman that he didnt want to exercise his option for an immediate rematch. Mark Munoz, however, is ready to fill the void.
I worked hard for this fight. He has my respect because he is the best now. Chris is new champion. Chris is the champion now. I finish my work. I no more fight for the belt. I fight for the belt for a long time. Im tired, said the long-time titleholder following his knockout loss to Weidman.
If Silva declines, Munoz is more than willing to step up.
I just want to say, if Anderson doesnt fight Chris, Id love to step in. Id love to step in because this was the real Mark Munoz tonight, said the 35-year-old middleweight contender during the UFC 162 post-fight press conference. When I fought Chris, I actually had some adversity fighting him. So I would really love a rematch with him if Anderson doesnt take it.
Munoz and Weidman fought on July 11, 2012, with Weidman knocking Munoz out after landing an elbow standing and follow-up strikes on the ground.
Munozs dominant performance over Tim Beotsch at UFC 162 puts him back in the conversation of middleweight contenders, but Weidman holds a definitive victory over him, so a rematch seems unlikely to happen so soon.

subset: commoncrawl


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For first-year and transfer students.
Associate and bachelor's degree programs for men and women 4 full years out of high school.
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Wilson College students will present the results of their undergraduate research at Wilson's fourth annual Student Research Day on Friday, May 3. The public is invited to join Wilson students, faculty and staff at all events.
DATE: April 22, 2013
CONTACT: Cathy Mentzer, Manager of Media Relations
Phone: 717-262-2604
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
CHAMBERSBURG, Pa. – Wilson College students will present the results of their undergraduate research at Wilson's fourth annual Student Research Day on Friday, May 3. The public is invited to join Wilson students, faculty, staff, and administrators at all events.
Twenty-one seniors will present their work, which was produced in conjunction with faculty advisers, from 9 a.m. to 5:15 p.m. in the Brooks Complex auditorium and Warfield Hall's Allen Auditorium. A number of students will also share their work graphically in a poster session to be held in the Brooks Complex from 1 to 2:15 p.m. An art opening is also scheduled for students' capstone art projects in the Bogigian Gallery.
"Student Research Day is a time when the Wilson College community comes together to recognize the importance of student research and accomplishments," said Dr. Mary Hendrickson, vice president for academic affairs and dean of the faculty. "The research demonstrates the high level of achievement reached by Wilson students as they complete their quest for bachelor's degrees."
Presentations will focus on the humanities, sciences and social sciences, including the prestigious Disert Scholar from 4:45 to 5:15 p.m. in the Brooks Complex. The Disert award, given to the student with the best honors thesis proposal, went this year to Casey Beidel, who will present his stories, written in the new literary genre of New Wave Fabulism.
Other presentations will include examinations of: the Internet as a public sphere and its effects democracy and communication, the effects of multitasking on Facebook on reading comprehension, why more women don't run for Congress, incidences of bullying among same gender vs. mixed gender, censorship of the female voice in rap music, and the gendered portrayal of athletes on sports magazine covers.
A number of high-level science research presentations will look at such things as: the effects of certain hormones used in milk cows on forms of cancer in humans, effects of water disinfection techniques on aquatic life, effectiveness of algae to mitigate harmful acid mine drainage on the environment, how to improve horse breeding techniques using frozen spermatozoa, the effects of hunting on the ability of female whitetail deer to form familial groups in herds, plans to improve riparian buffers along the Conococheague Creek at Wilson College, effectiveness of using electropositive materials to deter sharks from fishing gear, effectiveness of extraction methods used to glean antibacterial oils from plants, how snake venom can be used to prevent disease in humans, native and invasive plant species at the wetlands on the college farm, and research on the use of vitamin K to improve blood clotting in mice with hemophilia.
Three students majoring in fine arts will show their work in the Bogigian Gallery: Amanda Stup will present "Carbine and Steel," which addresses social perception of firearms in the media through the lens of a camera; Beck Metzbower will present "Metzbower," an exhibition reflecting loss, grief, hope, healing and love; and Cathy Green will present "Boundaries," a wearable art exhibition featuring unconventional, masculinized materials that have been transformed into highly feminine works.
Wilson's Student Research Day will conclude with the annual Academic Awards presentation from 6 to 7 p.m. in the Brooks auditorium.
For more information, contact Wilson Media Relations Manager Cathy Mentzer at 717-262-2604, or email@example.com.
Founded in 1869, Wilson College is a liberal arts college offering bachelor's degrees in 30 majors and master's degrees in education and the humanities. Wilson has been named a "Best Value" college in its region for 11 consecutive years by U.S. News & World Report's "America's Best Colleges" for providing quality academics at an affordable price. The college has been ranked one of the best regional colleges for undergraduate education for nine straight years by U.S. News.
Located in Chambersburg, Pa., the college had a fall 2012 enrollment of 695, which included 17 students from 9 foreign countries. Visit www.wilson.edu for more information.


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Due to the threat of strong storms in the Baton Rouge area, the start of game three between Alabama and LSU has been delayed. The game was scheduled to begin at 1 p.m. CT, but officials have said that the earliest start time will be to be announced.
Click here for the original story.
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Teacher Workshop: Winged Ambassadors
Discover the charismatic and threatened ambassador for a clean ocean: the albatross. Through an introduction to curriculum materials, talks by seabird scientists, an exploration of the new Gallery of California Natural Sciences, and a full-day boat trip to the Farallon Islands led by a marine biologist, participants will engage in a thorough examination of literacy-related oceanic issues. Free for teachers K–12 teachers are eligible to receive a $40 stipend. Co-sponsored by the Cordell Marine Sanctuary Foundation and the Oakland Museum of California.
Registration is required. Go to: surveymonkey.com/s/Winged_Ambassadors


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I bet on Moraga, but fuck me if I don't think Ortiz kinda got hosed there.
Had Ortiz getting 1 and 3 pretty handily, Moraga threw a pick with that guillotine/front face lock sprawl that Ortiz kept switching out on him, but Moraga definitely had the striking advantage.
For future note, Ortiz has a major upside, especially working with Rufus and striking development.


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As of 1 July 2014 the functions of the Australian Workforce and Productivity Agency (AWPA) have been transferred to the Australian Government's Department of Industry.
This website provides access to information on AWPA, and to research and work published by AWPA, prior to 1 July 2014. The information on this website is current only up until 1 July 2014.
AWPA and its predecessor Skills Australia provided advice to the Australian Government on Australia's skills and workforce development needs from 1 July 2008 to 1 July 2014.
To access current information on skills and workforce development visit www.industry.gov.au.
This study examines the demand and supply of engineering skills in Australia's future workforce
View AWPA's paper on the demand and supply of Accountants. The report examines issues surrounding the inclusion of Accountants on the Australian Government's 2014 Skilled Occupation List.
Read two new labour force participation reports looking at youth at risk and lower skilled mature-age workers.
The study finds as our manufacturing industry shifts to more advanced and niche manufacturing, more highly qualified managers and workers will need to drive the transition.
AWPA's Robin Shreeve and Megan Lilly of the Australian Industry Group discuss how changes in our manufacturing industry will impact on jobs and skills.
At a time when skills shortages are being reported in some of the engineering trades, new research examines what is influencing engineering apprenticeship completion rates.
Recruitment has undergone rapid transformation. Read the report to learn more about current Australian recruitment trends and practices.
The retail sector is being shaped by changing technology and consumer preferences and needs a highly skilled workforce to respond to these changes.
Journalist Michael Pascoe interviews AWPA's Keith Spence in two lively podcast discussions.
Find out about the jobs and skills outlook in Australia's resources sector to 2018.
Skills to grow an agrifood industry which is in transition.
Journalist Ellen Fanning, AWPA Chair Philip Bullock and CEO Robin Shreeve on the agency's new ICT workforce study.
1 July 2014
The Australian Workforce and Productivity Agency Chair Philip Bullock has announced that the work of the agency will be transferred into the Department of Industry.
This tranfer was completed on 1 July 2014.
View the chair's statement.
You can access AWPA podcasts and videos via the links on this page.
Please note that AWPA's other social media channels and email updates have been closed.


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Moderators: Tonyblack, Jason, Toothy
Jack Remillard wrote:I haven't heard Omega. I remember Master being quite interesting. A very different take on the Doctor/Master origin story to the one we usually imaging (and some of it ties into the Virgin New Adventures series of novels). I usually think of those books as having happened in a related but slightly messed up alternative universe.
Jack Remillard wrote:One thing I remember finding funny in Spare Parts was somebody describing a Cybermen as having a 'horrible cloth face'.
The Mad Collector wrote:Special for the 50th anniversary this year
The cast list sounds interesting
Tom Baker, Peter Davison, Colin Baker, Sylvester McCoy, Paul McGann (The Doctor), Louise Jameson (Leela), Sarah Sutton (Nyssa), Nicola Bryant (Peri), Sophie Aldred (Ace), India Fisher (Charley Pollard), Geoffrey Beevers (The Master) with special guest stars!
Users browsing this forum: Alexa [Bot] and 1 guest


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Welcome to the Nevada County Narrow Gauge Railroad Museum!
Located in Nevada City, California, the Nevada County Narrow Gauge Railroad Museum is dedicated to the preservation of local transportation history and artifacts from the narrow gauge railroad era.
In addition to the railroad, this Sierra foothills county boasted such turn-of-the 20th century transportation as an electric streetcar line, a steam powered automobile, and the first commercial airport in the United States.
Visitors are offered a docent-led historical tour of the museum, rail yard, and restoration shop. Exhibited in the main gallery is Engine 5, an 1875 Baldwin that began service hauling lumber, then passengers and freight for the NCNGRR, and finally as a movie engine at Universal Studios in Hollywood. The rail yard houses a collection of wooden rail cars, some restored, others awaiting their turn in the restoration shop. The shop is usually a busy place with volunteers doing rolling stock maintenance and other restoration projects. The museum's Gift Shop offers visitors a choice of many railroad-related items.
The museum is staffed by members of the Nevada County Historical Society, a non-profit 501(c)3 corporation. All donations are tax deductible.
This website is Copyright ©2013 Nevada County Narrow Gauge Railroad Museum. All Rights reserved. Web development and design by Emerald Forest Design.


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I was in a table runner swap with one of the groups I am on, well I sent mine off last month & the lady had sent me mine well I am blown away as of course I was expecting a table runner but no I got 2 beautiful ones as you can see plus a beautiful log cabin cushion cover I love log cabin & I got not just the cushion cover in log cabin but a runner as well.
The other runner is beautiful as well & the quilting on all is beautiful puts what I sent to shame .
Wednesday, 24 March 2010
What a Lovely Package
Posted by Searchfamilies at 15:19
6 comments:
- luv2quilt2 said...
They're both so pretty. I know you're going to love using them.
- 24 March 2010 at 20:29
- jan said...
Lucky girl
- 24 March 2010 at 23:56
- QuiltSue said...
What lovely things to receive. I bet your recipient was just as happy with what you sent her too.
- 25 March 2010 at 08:07
- Micki said...
It was nice to get two at once!
- 25 March 2010 at 19:40
- Robin (rsislandcrafts) said...
Beautiful table runners! I love the log cabin cushion cover. Log cabin blocks are so versatile and fun.
- 26 March 2010 at 10:17
- Melinda Cornish said...
oh, they are both gorgeous...the first one is my favorite!
- 11 April 2010 at 02:08
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WeatherBug Desktop Application
Glendale, AZ 85301
Download WeatherBug's popular free desktop application to access the world's largest network of real-time weather and lightning sensors for the best forecasts, the fastest alerts and more.
Get the most accurate pinpoint forecasts for your neighborhood and for millions of cities around the world! Benefit from the fastest, most advanced early warning system! Know Before™.
Be prepared. Know Before™. Used and loved by millions, voted the "Best Weather App Ever" and trusted as a "Best App for Moms", get WeatherBug now!
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More Flooding Rain, Storms Eye Texas to Pennsylvania
Even though severe weather will take a backseat over the next couple of days, flooding concerns will move to the forefront…More >
Storm Brings Flash Flooding To Las Vegas
A thunderstorm with heavy rains and high winds moved across the Las Vegas area, flooding roads and knocking out power to…More >
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Find accommodations in Yulee with the hotel list provided below. Search for cheap and discounted hotel and motel rates in or close to Yulee, FL for your personal leisure or group travel. We list the best Yulee Florida hotel rooms. Review the Yulee hotel list below to find the perfect lodging. We also have a map of the Yulee hotels. Planning a group? Lock in Yulee Group Hotel DiscountsThe Yulee center point is around 5 miles from Amelia Island Ghost Tours and 8 miles from Amelia Island Soccer Fields.
Yulee Hotels, Motels & Accommodations
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Josie's blog
Just got my MRI results and apparently I have a ruptured disk in my neck that is pressing on my spinal cord...they have said I have to get in for a surgical consult immediately and got me in for tomorrow at 0900. I'll know more tomorrow!
...FINALLY back in the digital world! How's that for a blog? That is all.
Today's blog is obvious....50 DAYS TILL KORN! Man I can't wait to see what Korn have in store for us! I'm looking forward to some JDevil shows and can hardly wait to hear this shit for myself! And on top of EVERYTHING ELSE...internet gets installed TOMORROW!!! FINALLY!
WOO HOO! I thought I had 67 more days...then i realized that i had only less than NINE WEEKS...not ten!
I HAD to blog that its only 75 more days TILL KORN!!!! I can't wait to see a Korn show in Europe...I have heard that it's VERY different from shows in the US!
And may this be a more prosperous year than 2011!
Revolver Magazine Link
WOO HOO! I just won me a copy of TPOT from my local radio station, 94.7 KZND!!
Yes...another blog about the NYC show! Go watch the video from the show of Kill Mercy Within! Kill Mercy Within Link
Blog of the day is: Go vote for Korn!!! Loudwire Music Awards Link


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Alice! Health Promotion Event
The Student Health Advisory Committee of Columbia Health, or SHAC, invite you to join us for a feedback session related to the Columbia Health website. SHAC's purpose is to enhance communication between students and Columbia Health - which includes Alice! Health Promotion, Counseling and Psychological Services, Disability Services, Medical Services, and Sexual Violence Response. During this meeting we hope to gather concrete suggestions for improving the site to better support your needs.
Date: Friday, March 23


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Account Management
More information
To learn more about Specialty Pharmaceutical Services, please email us or call 888.438.2673.
As a Specialty Pharmaceutical Services client, you will receive exceptional support from our Account Management Team. A dedicated Account Executive will be assigned to your company; your Account Executive is not just a Specialty Pharmaceutical Services employee - they work for you. You will have our undivided attention in every area that affects your business.
We will work closely with you to continually monitor and improve your business. Regular business reviews will ensure that our businesses are always in sync.
With Specialty Pharmaceutical Services, you will receive the most comprehensive Client support in the industry:
- Continuous sharing of knowledge regarding ongoing improvements and strategic direction
- Immediate communication of business process and industry changes
- Regularly scheduled strategic business planning to prepare for future growth
- Expert consultation for product line extensions and new product launches


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Cleveland Clinic
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Hospital: Cleveland Clinic Main Campus & Family Health Centers
Facility: CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION (MAIN CAMPUS)
Department: OR-PCH
Job Code: F00170
Pay Grade: 00
Schedule: Full Time
Shift: Days + Call
Hours: 6:30 am to 3 pm
Job Details: Summary: Delivers professional nursing care in the operative setting to patients undergoing surgical or other invasive procedures. Job Responsibilities: Performs scrub functions including the selection and handling of instruments and supplies used during procedure. Performs circulating functions including monitoring, recording and communicating patient condition and managing overall nursing care of patient before, during and after procedure. Directly assists operating physician with surgical tasks including hemostasis, suturing and wound exposure as well as patient positioning. Prepares operating rooms and surgical instruments and equipment for use. Other Duties As Assigned Education: Graduate of an accredited school of professional nursing. Experience: At least one year of clinical experience as a RN in a preoperative setting. Licensure/Certification/Registration: Current licensure as Registered Nurse (RN) or Refistered Nurse First Assistant (RNFA). Basic Life Support (BLS) Healthcare provider. Physical Requirements: Requires full range of body motion including handling and lifting patients, manual and finger dexterity and eye-hand coordination. Requires standing and walking for extensive periods of time. Medium Work - Exerting 20 to 50 pounds of force occasionally, and/or 10 to 25 pounds of forcefrequently, and/or greater than negligible up to 10 pounds of force constantly to move objects. Physical Demand requirements are in excess of those for Light Work.
Category: RN/LPN Inpatient Hospital
To apply for this job, visit http://www.clevelandclinic-jobs.com/job/CLEVELAND-OPERATING-ROOM-NURSE%2C-CCHS-Employees-Only-Job-OH-44101/2496819/?feedId=833&utm_source=MaximusJobs&utm_campaign=ClevelandClinic
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Heaven may refer to the physical heavens, the sky or the seemingly endless expanse of the universe beyond. The term is used to refer to a plane of existence (sometimes held to exist in our own universe) in religions and spiritual philosophies, typically described as the holiest possible place, accessible by people according to various standards of divinity, goodness, piety, etc.
the kingdom of heaven (Matthew 5:3), the kingdom of the Father (Matthew 13:43), life (Matthew 7:14), life everlasting (Matthew 19:16), the joy of the Lord (Matthew 25:21), great reward (Matthew 5:12), the kingdom of God (Mark 9:45), the kingdom of Christ (Luke 22:30), the house of the Father (John 14:2), city of God, the heavenly Jerusalem (Hebr., xii), the holy place (Hebrews 9:12; D. V. holies), paradise (2 Corinthians 12:4), incorruptible crown (1 Corinthians 9:25), crown of life (James 1:12), crown of justice (II Timothy iv, 8), crown of glory (1 Peter 5:4)The diversity of references make it probable that the term refers to a direct experience of full spiritual aliveness or unity with God. Some Eastern and Western traditions believe in reincarnation and moksha (liberation) instead of Heaven, but some still include a concept of Heaven similar (but not necessarily the same) as the concept held by Christianity. For example, in Buddhism there are several heavens, all of which are still part of Samsara (illusionary reality). Those who accumulate good karma may be reborn in one of them. However, their stay in the heaven is not eternal—eventually they will use up their good karma and will undergo a different rebirth into another realm, as humans, animals, or other beings. Because Heaven is temporary and part of Samsara, Buddhists focus more on escaping the cycle of rebirth and reaching enlightenment (Bodhi). In the native Chinese Confucian traditions Heaven (Tian) is an important concept, where the ancestors reside and from which emperors drew their mandate to rule in their dynastic propaganda, for example. In Hindu belief, likewise, heaven—called Swarga loka—is seen as a transitory place for souls who did good deeds but whose actions are not enough for moksha or merging (union) with Brahman. Some faiths teach that one enters heaven at the moment of death, while others teach that this occurs at a later time. Some of Christianity along with other major religions maintain that entry into Heaven awaits such time as, "When the form of this world has passed away." (* JPII)
Two related and often confused concepts of heaven in Christianity are better described as the "resurrection of the body", which is exclusively of Biblical origin, as contrasted with "the immortality of the soul", which is also evident in the Greek tradition. In the first concept, the soul does not enter heaven until the last judgement or the "end of time" when it (along with the body) is resurrected and judged. In the second concept, the soul goes to a heaven on another plane immediately after death. These two concepts are generally combined in the doctrine of the double judgement where the soul is judged once at death and goes to a temporary heaven, while awaiting a second and final physical judgement at the end of the world.(* JPII, also see eschatology, afterlife)
The idea of Heaven as a physical place has existed since the dawn of religion and human civilization. In some early religions (such as the Ancient Egyptian faith), Heaven was a physical place far above the Earth in a "dark area" of space where there were no stars, basically beyond the Universe. Departed souls would undergo a literal journey to reach Heaven, along the way to which there could exist hazards and other entities attempting to deny the reaching of Heaven.
One popular medieval view of Heaven was that it existed as a physical place above the clouds and that God and the Angels were physically above, watching over man. With the dawn of the Age of Reason, science began to challenge this notion; however Heaven as a physical place survived in the concept that it was located far out into space, and that the stars were "lights shining through from heaven".
Several works of written and filmed science fiction have plots in which Heaven can be reached by the living through technological means. An example is Disney film The Black Hole, in which a manned spacecraft found both Heaven (or another dimension) and Hell located at the bottom of a black hole.
In the modern age of science and space flight the idea that Heaven is a physical place in the observable universe has largely been abandoned. Religious views, however, still hold Heaven as having a dual status as a concept of mind or heart, but also possibly still physically existing in some way on another "plane of existence", dimension, or perhaps at a future time. According to science there are unobservable areas of the universe (everywhere beyond earth's Particle horizon), although by their very nature it is not possible to observe them. In Christianity it is believed that Heaven is a spiritual place, unreachable by humans and only to be entered after death. As a spiritual location it could be located somewhere within the known universe and as humans we would be unaware of its presence and unable to see it, or it could be located in another dimension or plane of existence.
Many of today's Biblical scholars, such as N. T. Wright, in tracing the concept of Heaven back to its Jewish roots, see Earth and Heaven as overlapping or interlocking. Heaven is known as God's space, his dimension, and is not a place that can be reached by human technology. This belief states that Heaven is where God lives and reigns whilst being active and working alongside people on Earth. One day when God restores all things, Heaven and Earth will be forever combined into the 'New Heavens' and 'New Earth'.
Many religions state that those who do not go to heaven will go to a place "without the presence of God", Hell, which is eternal (see annihilationism). Some religions believe that other afterlives exist in addition to Heaven and Hell, such as Purgatory. One religion, universalism, believes that everyone will go to Heaven eventually, no matter what they have done or believed on earth. Some forms of Christianity, including Jehovah's Witnesses, believe Hell to be the termination of the soul.
For Bahá'ís, entry into the next life has the potential to bring great joy. Bahá'u'lláh likened death to the process of birth. He explains: "The world beyond is as different from this world as this world is different from that of the child while still in the womb of its mother." The analogy to the womb in many ways summarizes the Bahá'í view of earthly existence: just as the womb constitutes an important place for a person's initial physical development, the physical world provides for the development of the individual soul. Accordingly, Bahá'ís view life as a preparatory stage, where one can develop and perfect those qualities which will be needed in the next life. The key to spiritual progress is to follow the path outlined by the current Manifestations of God, which Bahá'ís believe is currently Bahá'u'lláh. Bahá'u'lláh wrote, "Know thou, of a truth, that if the soul of man hath walked in the ways of God, it will, assuredly return and be gathered to the glory of the Beloved."
The Bahá'í teachings state that there exists a hierarchy of souls in the afterlife, where the merits of each soul determines their place in the hierarchy, and that souls lower in the hierarchy cannot completely understand the station of those above. Each soul can continue to progress in the afterlife, but the soul's development is not entirely dependent on its own conscious efforts, the nature of which we are not aware of, but also augmented by the grace of God, the prayers of others, and good deeds performed by others on Earth in the name of that person.
Roman Catholics believe that entering Purgatory after death (physical rather than ego death) cleanses one of sin (period of suffering until one's nature is perfected), which makes one acceptable to enter heaven. This is valid for venial sin only, as mortal sins can be forgiven only through the act of reconciliation and repentance while on earth. Some within the Anglican Communion, notably Anglo-Catholics, also hold to this belief, despite their separate history. However, in the Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox Churches, it is only God who has the final say on who enters heaven. In the Eastern Orthodox Church, heaven is understood as union (Theosis) and communion with the Triune God (reunion of Father and Son through love). Thus, Heaven is experienced by the Orthodox both as a reality inaugurated, anticipated and present here and now in the divine-human organism of the Christ's Body, the Church, and also as something to be perfected in the future.
In Protestant Christian sects, eternal life depends upon the sinner receiving God's grace (unearned and undeserved blessing stemming from God's love) through faith in Jesus' death for their sins, see atonement, his resurrection as the Christ, and accepting his Lordship (authority and guidance) over their lives. Some Protestant sects also teach that a physical baptism, or obligatory process of transformation or experience of spiritual rebirth, is further required. Also, Protestantism is divided into groups who believe in the doctrine of eternal security (once a person becomes a Christian, s/he remains one forever, also referred to by the slogan "once saved, always saved") and those who believe that a person who sins continually without any repentance or penetance was never saved in the first place. Some sects do believe that those who continually sin can lose their salvation, though it is generally believed that it shows that the individual was not fully committed in the first place.
According to the controversial website "Religioustolerance.org", "Conservative and mainline Protestant denominations tend to base their belief in heaven on the literal interpretation of certain passages of the Bible, and symbolic interpretations of others. They arrive at very different beliefs because they select different passages to read literally.
In the 2nd century CE, Irenaeus (a Greek bishop) wrote that not all who are saved would merit an abode in heaven itself. In Against Heresies, he wrote that only those deemed worthy would inherit a home in heaven, while others would enjoy paradise, and the rest live in the restored Jerusalem.
The teachings of the Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox communions regarding the Kingdom of Heaven, or Kingdom of God, is basically taken from scripture, and thus many elements of this belief are held in common with other scriptural faiths and denominations. Some specific descriptions of this Kingdom as given in the canon of scripture include— (this list is by no means comprehensive):
Various saints have had visions of heaven (). The Orthodox concept of life in heaven is described in one of the prayers for the dead: "…a place of light, a place of green pasture, a place of repose, whence all sickness, sorrow and sighing are fled away.
The essential joy of heaven is called the beatific vision, which is derived from the vision of God's essence. The soul rests perfectly in God, and does not, or cannot desire anything else than God. After the Last Judgment, when the soul is reunited with its body, the body participates in the happiness of the soul. It becomes incorruptible, glorious and perfect. Any physical defects the body may have laboured under are erased.
The Roman Catholic teaching regarding Heaven is found in the Catechism of the Catholic Church: "Those who die (generally understood as physical death as opposed to "body level," ego identity) in God's grace and friendship and are perfectly purified, live forever (defined as immortality of the body as opposed to eternal aliveness in the psychological sense). This perfect (divine) life with [God] (Father Deity rather than concept of "perfect goodness") is called heaven. [It] is the ultimate end and fulfilment of the deepest human longings, the state of supreme, definitive happiness, full aliveness. The Catholic Church teaches that only those baptized by water (symbol of purification/internal cleansing), blood (symbol of martyrdom), or desire (explicit or implicit desire for purification) may enter heaven and those who have died in a state of grace may enter heaven.
Upon dying, each soul goes to what is called "the particular judgement" where its own afterlife is decided (i.e. Heaven after Purgatory, straight to Heaven, or Hell.) This is different from "the general judgement" also known as "the Last judgement" which will occur when Christ returns to judge all the living and the dead.
It is a common Roman Catholic belief that St. Michael the Archangel carries the soul to Heaven. The belief that Saint Peter meets the soul at the "Pearly Gates" is an artistic application of the belief that Christ gave Peter, believed by Catholics to be the first Pope, the keys to Heaven.
As Heaven is a place where only the pure are permitted, no person who dies in a state of sin can enter Heaven. "Those who die in God's grace and friendship and are perfectly purified live for ever with Christ. They are like God for ever, for they "see Him as he is," face to face." (Catechism of the Catholic Church §1023) "Those who die in God's grace and friendship imperfectly purified, although they are assured of their eternal salvation, undergo a purification after death, so as to achieve the holiness necessary to enter the joy of God." (Catechism of the Catholic Church §1054)
If one were baptized validly and then died, one would go directly to heaven (in the Roman Catholic belief, the sacrament of baptism dissolves the eternal and temporal punishment of all sins). If one never committed a mortal sin and were absolved of all his venial sins just before death, one would go directly to Heaven.
Most people who enter Heaven do so through Purgatory (or "place of purification"). In Purgatory, a soul pays off all temporal punishment one deserved for the sins he committed in life. This does not always happen though. If one receives the Sacrament of Penance validly, as well as gains a plenary indulgence, and dies, one would directly go to heaven. There are many ways to get an indulgence, in various Papal decrees or publications. To receive a plenary indulgence, one must receive the sacrament of Confession validly, do one's penance, validly receive Communion, say some specified number of Lord's Prayers, Angelic Salutations and Minor Doxologies for the intentions of the Pope, and then perform some act of gaining the indulgence. Of course, one must remain free from all sin, mortal and venial, while doing all these things.
The term Heaven (which differs from "The Kingdom of Heaven" see note below) is applied by the Biblical authors to the realm in which God currently resides. Eternal life, by contrast, occurs in a renewed, unspoilt and perfect creation, which can be termed Heaven since God will choose to dwell there permanently with his people, as seen in . There will no longer be any separation between God and man. The believers themselves will exist in incorruptible, resurrected and new bodies; there will be no sickness, no death and no tears. Death is not a natural part of life, but was allowed to happen after Adam and Eve disobeyed God (see original sin) so that mankind would not live forever in a state of sin and thus a state of separation from God.
Many evangelicals understand this future life to be divided into two distinct periods: first, the Millennial Reign of Christ (the one thousand years) on this earth, referred to in ; secondly, the New Heavens and New Earth, referred to in Revelation 21 and 22. This millennialism (or chiliasm) is a revival of a strong tradition in the Early Church that was dismissed by Augustine of Hippo and the Roman Catholic church after him.
Not only will the believers spend eternity with God, they will also spend it with each other. John's vision recorded in Revelation describes a New Jerusalem which comes from Heaven to the New Earth, which is a seen to be a symbolic reference to the people of God living in community with one another. 'Heaven' will be the place where life will be lived to the full, in the way that the designer planned, each believer 'loving the Lord their God with all their heart and with all their soul and with all their mind' and 'loving their neighbour as themselves'(adapted from Matthew 22:37-38) —a place of great joy, without the negative aspects of earthly life.
(The Greek "hê basileia ton ouranon", usually translated as "the Kingdom of Heaven", is indeed more literally "the rule of the skies (or heavens)", with "the skies (or heavens)" being a codeword for God, reflecting the respect shown for God's name in first century Judaism.)
Within Christianity, there are several notable belief structures on the means by which Man may enter heaven. See:
Jehovah's Witnesses hold the belief that Heaven is the dwelling place of Jehovah God and all of His spirit creatures, the seat of His power as Sovereign of the Universe, and the place where 144,000 chosen faithful followers of Christ will reside ruling over the resurrected Earth alongside the anointed King, Jehovah's son Jesus Christ.
Revelation 14:1, 3: And I saw, and look! the Lamb standing upon the Mount Zion, and with him a hundred and forty-four thousand having his name and the name of his Father written on their foreheads..... And they are singing as if a new song before the throne and before the four living creatures and the elders; and no one was able to master that song but the hundred and forty-four thousand, who have been bought from earth.
Not all good people go to heaven and the ones who remain on earth can look forward to a happy life in the future.
Acts 2:34: "David [whom the Bible refers to as being 'a man agreeable to Jehovah God's heart'] did not ascend to the heavens."
Matt. 11:11: "Truly I say to you people, Among those born of women there has not been raised up a greater than John the Baptist; but a person that is a lesser one in the kingdom of the heavens is greater than he is." (So John did not go to heaven when he died.)
Ps. 37:9, 11, 29: "Evildoers themselves will be cut off, but those hoping in Jehovah are the ones that will possess the earth . . . The meek ones themselves will possess the earth, and they will indeed find their exquisite delight in the abundance of peace. The righteous themselves will possess the earth, and they will reside forever upon it."
Rev. 21:1-4: "I saw a new heaven and a new earth . . . I heard a loud voice from the throne say: 'Look! The tent of God is with mankind, and he will reside with them, and they will be his peoples. And God himself will be with them. And he will wipe out every tear from their eyes, and death will be no more, neither will mourning nor outcry nor pain be anymore. The former things have passed away.'"
Mic. 4:3, 4: "They will not lift up sword, nation against nation, neither will they learn war anymore. And they will actually sit, each one under his vine and under his fig tree, and there will be no one making them tremble; for the very mouth of Jehovah of armies has spoken it."
Matt. 5:5: "Happy are the mild-tempered ones, since they will inherit the earth."
Matt. 6:9, 10: "Our Father in the heavens, let your name be sanctified. Let your kingdom come. Let your will take place, as in heaven, also upon earth."
Before the Last Judgment, spirits separated from their bodies at death go either to Paradise or to Spirit Prison based on their merits earned in life. Paradise is a place of rest while its inhabitants continue learning in preparation for the Last Judgement. Spirit Prison is a place of anguish and suffering for the wicked and unrepentant; however, missionary efforts done by spirits from Paradise enable those in Spirit Prison to repent, accept the Gospel and the atonement and receive baptism through the practice of baptism for the dead.
After the resurrection and Last Judgement, people are sent to one of four levels:
Below the earthly plane are seven nether planes:
1) Atala
2) Vitala
3) Sutala
4) Talatala
5) Mahatala
6) Rasatala
7) Pataal
Below these are 28 hellish planes (according to Bhagavata Purana), below which is the Garbhodaka ocean with waters of devastation. Depending on good and bad activities (karma) on an earthly plane, a soul either ascends up to enjoy heavenly delights or goes down to fiery hellish planes depending on sins performed which are judged by the god of death & justice, Yama, who presides along the 28 hells. After the results of good and bad deeds (karma) are delivered, souls return to the earthly plane again as human or animal depending on desires and karma. Thus the cycle of birth and death.
Eternal liberation or freedom from the cycle of birth and death is called Moksha, which can be obtained only in human life by turning attention inwards for uniting the soul with the Supreme Being (Parabrahman, Bhagavan, Ishvar, Krishna) through Yoga - Karma Yoga, Jnana Yoga, Bhakti Yoga etc.
Liberation (Moksha) is of five types as described in Puranas:
1) Sayujya: Merging into the oneness with the impersonal aspect of the Lord, and hence freedom from all material anxiety.
2) Salokya: Attaining residence in the eternal abode of the Lord, called Vaikuntha, beyond material universal creation, beyond the six material heavens, a place where only surrendered devotees of the Lord go.
3) Saristi: Attaining same opulences as the Lord in His abode.
4) Sarupya: Attaining same beautiful form as the Lord in His abode.
5) Samipya: Attaining close association of the Lord in His abode.
This abode of Lord is briefly described in the Bhagavad Gita (15.6), "That supreme abode of Mine is not illumined by the sun or moon, nor by fire or electricity. Those who reach it never return to this material world". Further descriptions of Vaikuntha are in the Puranas where the Lord's devotees reside eternally in loving relationship with the Lord.
Furthermore, Vaikuntha residency has following categories:
1) Shanta Rasa: In neutral relationship of great awe, reveration and constant thinking of the Lord.
2) Dasya Rasa: Serving the Lord personally to please the Lord as master and soul as servant.
3) Sakhya Rasa: Serving the Lord as an intimate friend (formal, informal, and many other types).
4) Vatsalya Rasa: Serving the Lord from a superior position as a caretaker (like motherly or fatherly relations).
5) Madhurya / Sringara Rasa: Serving the Lord as an intimate conjugal lover including all previous rasas, the most sweet of all, with many further categories.
The Lord lovingly relates to every soul in a multitude of modes and varieties of relationships as desired by the soul. The Lord from there sometimes descends into material universe, along with His associates, to redeem suffering souls and perform His pastimes. He comes either Personally (Svayam Bhagavan) or as His part incarnations (kala, amsha) or sends His messengers/prophets. There are many incarnations of the Lord mentioned in scriptures, 10 of which are famous, the most popular ones are Rama Avatar and Krishna Avatar.
However, all heavenly beings are regarded as inferior in status to the Arhats who have attained Nirvana. The gods were also from the lower worlds originally, but slowly and gradually graduated themselves into higher worlds by virtue of their past deeds and cultivation of virtuous qualities. Since there are many heavens and higher worlds of Brahma, these gods may evolve progressively from one heaven to another through their merit or descend into lower worlds due to some misfortune or right intention. One notable Buddhist paradise is the Pure Land of Pure Land Buddhism.
The gods of Buddhism are therefore not immortal. Neither their position in the heavens is permanent. They may however live for longer durations of time. One of the Buddhist Sutras states that a hundred years of our existence is equal to one day and one night in the world of the thirty three gods. Thirty such days add up to their one month. Twelve such months become their one year, while they live for a thousand such years.
The Qur'an contains many references to an afterlife in Eden for those who do good deeds. Heaven itself is commonly described in the Qu'ran in verse 35 of Surah Al-Ra'd: "The parable of the Garden which the righteous are promised! Beneath it flow rivers. Perpetual is the fruits thereof and the shade therein. Such is the End of the Righteous; and the end of the unbelievers is the Fire." Since Islam rejects the concept of original sin, Muslims believe that all human beings are born pure. In Islam, therefore, a child who dies automatically goes to heaven, regardless of the religion of his or her parents. The highest level of heaven is Firdaws (فردوس)- Pardis (پردیس), which is where the prophets, the martyrs and the most truthful and pious people will dwell.
Although sharing some similarities, the concept of heaven in Islam is different in many respects to that found in Judaism and Christianity. Chiefly, Heaven (Jannah) is described in physical terms, using jewellery, and food. The Islamic texts describes life for its immortal inhabitants, one that is happy — without hurt, sorrow, fear or shame — where every wish is fulfilled. Traditions relate that inhabitants will be of the same age (32 years for men as the same age when Jesus ascended), and of the same stature. Their life is one of bliss including: wearing costly robes, bracelets, perfumes; partaking in exquisite banquets, served in priceless vessels by immortal youths; reclining on couches inlaid with gold or precious stones. Other foods mentioned include meats, scented wine and clear drinks bringing neither drunkenness nor rousing quarreling. Inhabitants will rejoice in the company of their parents, wives, and children (provided they were admitted to paradise) — conversing and recalling the past. Texts also relate "pure consorts" (houris), created in perfection, with whom carnal joys are shared — "a hundred times greater than earthly pleasure".
Judaism offers no clear teaching about the destiny which lies in wait for the individual after death and its attitude to life after death has been expressed as follows: "For the future is inscrutable, and the accepted sources of knowledge, whether experience, or reason, or revelation, offer no clear guidance about what is to come. The only certainty is that each man must die - beyond that we can only guess.
While the concept of heaven (malkuth hashamaim מלכות השמים—The Kingdom of Heaven) is well-defined within the Christian and Islamic religions, the Jewish concept of the afterlife, sometimes known as "olam haba", the world to come, seems to have been disputed between various early sects such as the Sadducees, and thus never set forth in a systematic or official fashion as was done in Christianity and Islam. The Torah has little to say on the subject of survival after death, but by the time of the rabbis two ideas had made inroads among the Jews: one, which is probably derived from Greek thought, is that of the immortal soul which returns to its creator after death; the other, which is thought to be of Persian origin, is that of resurrection. Jewish writings refer to a "new earth" as the abode of mankind following the resurrection of the dead. Originally, the two ideas of immortality and resurrection were different but in rabbinic thought they are combined: the soul departs from the body at death but is returned to it at the resurrection. This idea is linked to another rabbinic teaching which is not found in the Bible, that men's good and bad actions are rewarded and punished not in this life but after death, whether immediately or at the subsequent resurrection.
Some Jews believe in reincarnation, in which case the soul of the dead passes into the body of a newborn person, with no memory of its previous existence. Judaism does, however, have a belief in Heaven, not as a future abode for "good souls", but as the "place" where God "resides".
In order from lowest to highest, the seven Heavens are listed alongside the angels who govern them:
The Māori believe these heavens are supported by pillars. Other Polynesian peoples see them being supported by gods (as in Hawai'i). In one Tahitan legend, heaven is supported by an octopus.
The Polynesian conception of the universe and its division is nicely illustrated by a famous drawing made by a Tuomotuan chief in 1869. Here, the nine heavens are further divided into left and right, and each stage is associated with a stage in the evolution of the earth that is portrayed below. The lowest division represents a period when the heavens hung low over the earth, which was inhabited by animals that were not known to the islanders. In the third division is shown the first murder, the first burials, and the first canoes, built by Rata. In the fourth division, the first coconut tree and other significant plants are born.
Atheists reject the existence of heaven. Some atheists have viewed the notion of heaven as an "opiate of the masses"—tool employed by humans to cope with their lives' misery—or "opiate for the masses"—a tool employed by authorities to bribe their subjects into a certain way of life by promising a reward after death. The anarchist Emma Goldman expressed this view when she wrote, "Consciously or unconsciously, most theists see in gods and devils, heaven and hell; reward and punishment, a whip to lash the people into obedience, meekness and contentment."
Many people consider George Orwell's use of Sugarcandy Mountain in his novel Animal Farm to be a literary expression of this view. In the book, the animals were told that after their miserable lives were over they would go to a place in which "it was Sunday seven days a week, clover was in season all the year round, and lump sugar and linseed cake grew on the hedges". Fantasy author Phillip Pullman echoes this idea in the fantasy series His Dark Materials, in which the characters finally come to the conclusion that people should make life better on Earth rather than wait for heaven (this idea is known as the Republic of Heaven).
Some atheists have argued that a belief in a reward after death is poor motivation for moral behavior while alive , arguing that "It is rather more noble to help people purely out of concern for their suffering than it is to help them because you think the Creator of the Universe wants you to do it, or will reward you for doing it, or will punish you for not doing it. [The] problem with this linkage between religion and morality is that it gives people bad reasons to help other human beings when good reasons are available."
Others have further argued that an irrational belief in heavenly rewards may actually motivate believers to do horrible things while on Earth. Richard Dawkins summed up this view by stating "Promise a young man that death is not the end and he will willingly cause disaster." In his television programme The Root of All Evil? Dawkins states,


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Program, Musical
The Met offers a rare opportunity to witness Berlioz's vast epic, last performed at the Met in 2003. Deborah Voigt, Susan Graham, Marcello Giordani, and Dwayne Croft lead the starry cast, portraying characters from the Trojan War. Met Principal Conductor Fabio Luisi marshals the large-scale musical forces.
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Cast: Marcello Giordani, Susan Graham, Dwayne Croft, Deborah Voigt
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Running time: 5hr 45min
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Poultney alternative school plans to expandBy Josh OGorman
STAFF WRITER | July 13,2013JOSH OGORMAN / STAFF PHOTO
The LiHigh School is expected to close soon on this property at 28 Depot St. that most recently was home to the Station Bakery and Café in Poultney.POULTNEY A local alternative school is moving to a downtown landmark, with plans to expand its course offerings and build even stronger ties with the community.
Officials with the LiHigh School are expected to close soon on the property located at 28 Depot St. that most recently was home to the Station Bakery and Café. LiHigh director Greg Rosenthal hopes the move will raise the schools profile in the area.
Even though weve been on Main Street and weve been running this program here for seven years, were still a well-kept secret. This will be our coming-out party, said Rosenthal of the school, which offers an entrepreneurship course of study and a therapeutic program for students with cognitive and physical disabilities.
Now, with the purchase of the Depot Street property, LiHigh School is expanding its course offerings to include a culinary arts program. As Rosenthal led a tour of the property Tuesday afternoon, he pointed out the commercial kitchen previously used by the operators of the Station Bakery and Café and rejoiced in its potential.
There are just so many things we can do here, said Rosenthal, who opened LiHigh School seven years ago as a satellite location of the Bellcate School, a private school in Essex Junction that Rosenthal called the model school in the state for working with kids with disabilities.
The building was originally constructed in 1917 as a station for the Delaware and Hudson Railroad. The 1,860-square-foot building sits on 0.22 of an acre and was fully renovated in 2004, according to Lister Mary Jo Teetor. The property, owned by Bruce Ferguson, was most recently assessed by the town at $213,000. LiHigh School is purchasing the property for $180,000.
Nancy Duncan, who until last month operated the Station Bakery and Café, has relocated to a new location on Main Street and expects to reopen by the end of the month.
As for his plans for the new property, Rosenthal envisions the culinary arts program will draw students from both the entrepreneur and therapeutic programs, as well as being able to stand on its own.
We want this to be as much of a seed-to-plate project as possible, said Rosenthal, with plans to first have a takeout window and later enclose the outdoor patio to create a seating area for diners.
The very name LiHigh (pronounced lee-high) epitomizes Rosenthals approach to education. Li is a Chinese word used by stone carvers when working with jade. Each piece of jade contains the essence of its potential its Li and the carver must listen to the stones Li to shape it correctly.
Rosenthal takes a similar approach to his students, crafting individual lesson plans and building close relationships to help each student reach his or her potential.
Thats when students are willing to take risks. Without that, students will never be willing to venture outside their comfort zones, and thats where the real learning happens, Rosenthal said. I believe the community makes the best classroom, and right now, with this new property, I feel like the skys the limit for what we will be able to do.
For more information about the LiHigh School, visit www.lihighschool.org.
@rutlandherald.comMORE IN Local & StateRecovery takes time, patience and a desire to change. Full StoryMayor Louras wants the city to have a better idea on what to pay its department heads. Full StoryThe Rutland Town Select Board plans to appoint a new member next week who will serve until a... Full Story
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Interview with Dr. David Perlmutter about his new book GRAIN BRAIN10/21/13 Robert Lorei
Sustainable Living and Alternative Health Listen to this entire show:
Tags: Alzheimers, Dr. David Perlmutter, wheat, grains, carbs, sugar, blood sugar levels, diabetes, cholesterol, wmnf, Rob Lorei
Our guest is David Perlmutter, MD. he's a Board-Certified Neurologist and Fellow of the American College of Nutrition who received his M.D. degree from the University of Miami School of Medicine. In his new book he says that reducing our risk of Alzheimer's and dementia as we age can be done by making more healthy diet choices. Dr. Perlmutter wrote last month on Huffington Post that there is a correl...1 comments
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Just like people in the U.K use to like guns until the government used anti gun propaganda to change their opinion. Now a lot people are indoctrinated with a hate for guns there. Use propaganda to sway the minds of people, indoctrinate the people with fear and hate of all things gun and we get what we see in gun related threads an all out hate for guns and gun owners.
Right.. I don't care how things were in the past; only how they are now.


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Soldier's family files suit over supplement
The growing controversy over a commonly available stimulant used for workouts and parties now includes a lawsuit filed in San Diego by the parents of a soldier who died after taking a supplement containing the substance.
Eli Lilly introduced dimethylamylamine, or DMAA, to the public in the early 1940s as a nasal decongestant. Makers of dietary and athletic supplements began offering products with the drug in 2005. The synthetic stimulant is typically marketed as an energy and endurance booster, a weight-loss aide and a muscle enhancer for body builders.
But in recent years, medical researchers have found that DMAA can elevate the risk of stroke and heart attack by constricting blood flow and raising blood pressure. At least half a dozen countries have banned the compound, and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has logged more than 60 complaints about it. The Pentagon has banned DMAA from all stores on military bases since December 2011 — after the deaths of two soldiers who had taken supplements with the stimulant.
Supplements containing DMAA remain on the overall market, though, because the FDA has not decided whether to outlaw them. The agency has sent warning letters about the stimulant to roughly a dozen marketers of supplements, but it has also said government regulators haven't determined that DMAA is the culprit in the various reports of injury or death.
A leading supplement with DMAA is called Jack3d, which is sold by numerous online retailers. Prices for the pre-workout booster range from $23.95 to $44.99.
On Wednesday, the parents of a soldier who died in 2011 after ingesting Jack3d sued its makers, saying they negligently claimed it was safe, effective and proven by research.
In their wrongful-death lawsuit, filed in San Diego Superior Court, the parents of Michael L. Sparling contend that the defendants made false representations about the product in their marketing, including that it is a "natural" dietary supplement. They said the companies associated with Jack3d (pronounced as "jacked") touted studies that show the stimulant is safe, but that those studies weren't conducted by independent experts and weren't published in legitimate journals.
Similar accusations have been made by plaintiffs in other lawsuits involving Jack3d.
In the court complaint, the attorneys for Sparling's parents described DMAA as "a dangerous sympathomimetic, which can cause adverse cardiovascular events" and loss of consciousness or death.
Named as defendants in the lawsuit are Texas-based supplement maker USPLabs and Delaware-based retailer GNC Corp., a leading seller of Jack3d. Another defendant is the ingredient manufacturer for Jack3d, Natural Alternatives International Inc., which is headquartered in San Marcos.
USPLabs and Natural Alternatives International did not respond Thursday to requests for comment. Laura Brophy, a spokeswoman for GNC, said via email that the company does not comment on pending litigation.
Sparling's parents are seeking unspecified damages.
Anne Andrews, an attorney for them, said the Sparling family hopes to educate the public about the dangers posed by a product that contains a chemical stimulant similar to an amphetamine. She argues that the product's labeling, which doesn't specify the concentration of DMAA, fails to adequately warn consumers about potential side effects.