text:
Nassau County Review 19160331
|1 of 8
small (250x250 max)
medium (500x500 max)
Extra Large
large ( > 500x500)
Full Resolution
All (PDF)
This page
Loading content ...
Nassau County Review FREEPORT, N. Y., FRIDAY, MARCH 31 1916 N ol. XX, No. 13 I P Freeport Slntcle copi^•^> of thp Hevir-tr far Ml.- ,it (^rwen- Matt'ii ami Brmlthwalfi. Rallroarf Avenue; Mich- o«ff'», N«*«u County R»vi-\v. Dn-Stlvai and I liebetzs. liain .Strwt; Si.lnny Smith'.. W.-«t | Mvrrirk Hoad. Benson Smith Appointed Postmaster Rooseyelt gfJ HIGHWATEK TIDK TABLE inntflo tr Priday Mar. Saturday, April Sonday Monday, Tuasday, WednendHy, Thursiliiv, Friday Saturriiiy, H«fi<ly Hook, Or H«>rit.iit»!H(l Buy) Krank .S. .Snrkeker, Jr,. our aulhoruM.1 -.eurr- Ejentativr. is in this villaK* Kver> Tueaday. and will be pleased to receive special item*, or make appointmenta for calling for same. VILLAGE BOARD ORGANIZES Merrick Bellmore Mrs. Edward Kenney and family spent the weekend at the home of her tjrother, L. Losee. 31 1 2 6:21 a. m. 7:09 a. m. 7 :54 a. m «:87 a. m. <.»:17 a. m. 9 :57 8. r;. 10:34 a. m. 11:12 a. ni. .ll:r,7 a. nn. The appointiDPnt of Ben,'>on Sm^thto succeed Robert (J. .Anderson mb Post- master at FrFenort wss .s<?nt to the St^nate by PrusiaiTit Wilson Inst tn-i dsj morninK, "nd *i" be coDlirrncd i this week. The ttrm of Po»triiaHt«-r j and Miss Eva Pearssll of Leonard Ave- Anderson expired Ftbruary 2ii but he nue have secured positions with Dou- Miss' Marian Losee of Na8gau Road Randall Given Floral Horse Shoe—Committees Appointed—Routine Business Transacted This anrt al sen ion coK.rM items umler jcliietl by Kev rhonld lie sent ti this he«i/iinK. \\ H. 1 htm tu it'.ebranot .naure m- Krank K..U and vicinity. will rerei\e t ..fTu-.'. rt» tj« (»ijr repre**ntiit ¦ <• in Hel!niur« All orders and new* left with him le same careful attention'a" at our ha.s been holding uftice until the ap- pointrniTit o( hij ?ocC'.'»!ior. .Mr Saiil h j^ ;j j years ild. and has bIwhvp he*-!) cicsfly h''H<iciHtr>d with DL'mocraiii: polilicp in the ^'llhge and town ll- 10 thf wn < t ! '-rge B. bleday. Page & Co., at Garden City. The meeting; of the new Vil Will I'aJhttl ii now tnf^Hged in the tnxiuab business for himseli. Mr Hml Mrs. Whitney Van Wicklen have returnt'd from a several weeks sojtiUrn ir Florida. Mr. and Mrs. F P. Good, for h-v- eral years residents of Freeport, bave moved to Brooklyn. A inurtical tea is to be given at the ^Freeport Club this Friday afternoon from 4 to 0::iO o'clock. 0. 1. I'rnithwaite will move to the stote nt'Xt tu Plump's Pharmacy, which IH to he '.hCHti'd by H. J. Raymore, Ajiril 1, The regular n-eeting of the W. C. T. U. will be held next Thjradiiy. April 9, at 3 p. m., at the home ot Mrs. Thoma.s Lucas, 102 -North liiove Street. .). M. Hewlett, who has been con¬ fined to his house for several weeks, was out for a short while, but is again contined to his bed. ' At last reports he is slowly improving. - Boerd for orgariization was beld Mon- .Mrs. M. .Stewart of Craig Avenue day eveninu at the villftge ottire. The has returned from Spring Village, near retiring Pre><ideiit. Roland M. I.amb, EaHt Hampton, where phe has been cn- in resigning hif chair to his successor. gaRed in nursing. Erneat S. fiandnll. made a few rem:irkH - - 'of apprecmtion fnr thi» rr».n'...r»f'(in Mra. M, (iolden and Mr?. Edward arid help given him by tht> menibers of Ftaynor have been visiting with .Mrs. ' (he Board during his ttrms, particu- V. G. Andrus of Lincoln Avenue. I larly during the lust year. lie wished I'Bper for President age I apiiointiiient of an olli.-iul III" vilJHge for tbe yttir. i.Hndail read a leder from James .¦^tiles, ruitor of the Nassnu Post, in v^iich he ,«aid that he understood there Willi some criticism of hia paper, be- («iw.. I l-l V >-,-¦' -^"t '" .' ¦¦ '"presenth- tive Ht the meetinga of the Board The Hand-in-Hand League enjoyed Regular services af thf M. F^ ('hurch Bt social evening on Fridav the 24th, every Sunday morning a' lii:3o; even* when the regular semi moathly meet ing at 7:30: Sunday School in the af- iiig was lield at the bome of .Miss Vera ternoon at 2:.10; preaching by fhe pas- Thamn. tor. Rev. B. F. Ray. All ate wilcome An invitation frotn tht- .Men's Club, , to these services. inviting the League lo join with the | , — varioua organiiations of the villnge The regular monthly mteting of the on "Go To Chuich Sunday," was read Bellmore Board « f Trade w ill lie held by the pnsident nnd aecepteii by e\ery in Firemen's Hal' vc-^t Monday even- member present, jing. Hiil ry E, Larson of the Nussau It was decided that a special m^-et- Light & Power Company of Roslyn is ing should be held at the home of exjitcted to be present and addre.-is Mips May Tween on Wednesday, the meeting relative to the installation '~^j March 2'J, to start tbe seuinK class of eletricity for privHte consumption Mrs. M. Sizer and family of Park Avenue have removed to Brooklyn. Miss Anna Samisch tjf Brooklyn spent the weekend with her aunt, .Mrs. (Jharles Epple, of Stevens Street. ^ .lohn Walters and family, who have resided on Colonial Aveni'e for nome time, have moved to the Bronx, New Vork City. for the benetit of the cripj of St. Giles Institution City. The next regular meeting will be held at the Xieme of Miss Margaitt .Schermtrl.i in on April 1 I, d children in'this vicinity. The public is invited Garden to meet with tne Board. VVork h>.s been commenced on the erection of the sti.if building for Domii.ic Ferrarii I ;. ; .'.'.[d Avenue, neHr CrHiiil .Avrntrt* Hra.lley'i« Stli.lio. RKNSON SMITH Our New Postmiister Rock Mrs. M. Bruhl of New Yoik Cily spent the weekend with her daughter, Mrs. A. Behrens of i'raig Avenue. Mrs. H. Aborn ef Park Avenue bus moved to the Myers faraj in the north¬ ern part of the village. .Mrs. Charles K. Hamaker and Mrs. Charlea Epple viaited .Mrs. Mary 1-. Seaman, mother of Mrs. HamakM, i lest Monday, at the home of Mrs. Wil¬ liam T. Golder, Archer Street, Free- ; port. Mr. and Mrs. A. Behrens of Craig j I Avenoe cele'irated their tenth wedding • i anniversary on Friday of last week, i assisted by the Ladies' Aid Society ofj the Lutheran Church of Freeport. j a report of the meetings in the current isjue. He covettd thf honor of the all pt.i8sibl.! succes.i to Mr Randall, j appointment highly, aiid would tppre who wi:uld "have the soliile.=>t backing cisite another cliiit:C'- lo make good If of any miin who has ever presidtd in le violated the trusr aunin. he w.^uld the chair." I welcome a tranafer. Trustee Btdell In taking the chair, Pre-ii'leni lian-i iiioverl that a liai/ot iie thkeii, Httuoded 1 dall remarked tlmt it waf H innttnr of j liy '1 lustee .Vlaxeon, iit;d the Nassau Services at the t'hurch of the Re- inte- se gratification and honor to be I'osil was selected hy a vote uf three to i deemer Sunday, the Fourth in Lent, at elected Prtsidmt of our vill;ige, and'two. "' ^ 11 o'clock A. M. and 8 o'clock P. M. especially hy .so cunclUiiive a vole. Ho j Tberf was only Wie upplication for , (.'. lebrHlion uf the Holy Communion, wanted tj Ihank e'erjone who voted appointment fi r Vtreet Cnmirissioner, ll.ituny, .sermon. Evening Prayer and for him and the friemls w ho worked sojM. F. Bond, lie retiring commission- | sermon. The Church School meets i|", retnilar monthlv meetinL t 1 har i for him on Election Day. when ; er, who wus UnBnimou.-ly re appointed ! each Sui.day in the Parish House at ;-jj^jfj ujg,pjj.( j^^ ^j^ij^.^^ Assoc'iat '" be held al Firemen's Hall next Samuel Wilson hns been lirawn one of the Trial Jurors for the Apri term of the Supreme Court whi open? at Mineola next Mondav. as •n 1(1 o'clock. The Camp Ground Sunday '-"chool meets at 3 o'clock in the fire Jiill of Company No. 2 on Camp Ave, '.Vomf:n'.'! .Auxiliary to the Board of .Missicns and for locil work meets L aci) 1 hursday in the Parish House at _'.3d V ith tea at 4 o'cli;ck. The G, F. S. meets on Fridavs iit 3 "/> and 7,'30 I'. .M. Boy Scouts meet Thursdays at 7.30 P. .M. Cooking class on Satur- ixy.s at 9.'311 .\. M. The regular ouarterly report of the Freeport Bank, published in this is i sue shows an encouraging condition : Smith, oelter known as George , ¦ .. of finances, with the resource.s between \ Smitb, now residing in California, but! Games were enjoyed, together with a $800 000 and $900,000. , for many years active in Democratic mock wedding in which Mrs. Olaf '¦ — politics in this section. He was one | Magnusson impersonated the groom The Freeport Arts Club will hold its , of the organizers of the Freeport Ice j and M". Behrens acted as the bride, OL'R VILLAGK cFFU lALS. Top row. left to right —.N'ew Tru.'^tec John 11. Mahnken, (""lerk Shea, Trus¬ tee Maxson. Health Ollii'tr Runcie; Leo Fi.«hel (coun.sel). Bottom row- Trustee Wiliiam.s, Retirii.,L': Pres, Lamb. Pie.^iileiit Kainlall, Triij-itec Bedoll Photo by Freeport Studio Thursjay evening. The recent thaws have plaved havoc with several of (he Peekskill gravel and macadam roads in this neip,hbor- hr.ud. Bedlord .\vei.ae, fron; the rail¬ road to Grand Avenue, has been iiadly cut to pieces, while Grand Avenue, in the vicinity of Firemen's Hall, is so badly torn up (hat,it is impassible, ex¬ cept on the sides. The Merrick Road ^Hending ttn i» also a succession .^f liiils and hol- jlows. TbesH streets should have the (iroiniit attention of tbe proper author- : Miss Miklred 11,li, hK.mg finished a I *''^'^ "' ''""" "«'f^^ vveather permit.s. j successful and enjoyabie tirst term at j w.,rk|h»s been resume.l on the tiv. the New Paltz .Normal, will sptMul the houses being built by Qeorge Rey I spring vacation at her^home ber- ar- I "",j, j..^ ,h,, Long Island Realty Com" I n.ing ttday. p^py "" ^^^^^^ property near the depot.- "vlrs. R Narwood la_\ s at A tlanticC'ity. regular meeting at 3 o'clock \'onday. April 3, at the Methodist Church. The subject of Ur. lyenaga's lecture will be "From Vladivostock via Har¬ bin to Uairen." Owing to the serious illness of Mra. Delafuente's parents, Mr. and Mrs. M. Deutsch, Mr. and Mrs. S. Delafu- ente and family have taken up their residence in New York City for the next few weeks. Fuel ('om[)any, from which he retired a short tirne ago. I'olitically, he has been for aeveral years District Committeerr.an, and has made a splendid record for the regis¬ tration and voting of his party in the district he has represented. Fraternally and socially he is an active member of Freeport Lodge No. 12ri3, B. O. P, Elka. A Brilliant Recital while Mrs. C. W. Mahnken played the wedding march. Light lefreshrnenta were served to the guests, the tables being beautifully decorated for the oc¬ casion. Mr. and Mrs. Behrens were the recipients of many beautiful pres ents. The following ladies were pree¬ ent: Mesdames Koster, Munns, J. W, Mahnken, C. W. Mahnen, J.J. Boland, Kairs, Matthias, Magnusson, Schmidt, Yonger, Newmann, Plump, Wilkins, Dunker and Bruhl. Thomas Ferguson of 211 Smith' ",, f , , m . ^'^* '''''^'*' Skidmore wna very inomas ''"^u""" 1 he many fnends of young Maater agreeably surprised by about twenty Street h.-J^ «^e«pted a responsible pos. ^,",",,i", Ri^.^^d VanRees. the (if- of her friends at her home on Stevens h I M MilU LTbeen rianaeine ' t««^"-y«" "'«' -'" "^ «'• »"'' ^'"- C. Street last Saturday evening. Various which Mrs M lier has been managing a. VanUees of 170 Lena Avenue, who L.nies and ,lancing were enjoyed by i ""'.V one'etiring, and are deserving a since the death «f Mr Miller who . ^^^^ ^^ j^^^ ^^^^^^^^1 musical ability, laii " '....,,- ,..,., . , was one of the largest stockholders m ..xpncting to hear something good i served ; the opposition was pretty well snowed ' at a salary of .*a.50 per day. His bond I under. The contest had been a fair ! was fixed at $.'iO'i. and honorable one, and no one need | Mr. Riindan .".iid that he fireferreil I apologize. Mr. Randall was especial- ! ly gratified by the results on the ap- ' proDriations. which had been carried by majorities ranging from 89 to 2.'jO. Theso appropriations carried expendi- i tures of $39,.')()0, of which $32,000 was tc be raised by direct tax Tins was ! the largest sum that had ever been voted in the village to be raised by di- ' rect taxation in any one year, anil he ; thought it showed the confidence of the peoiile lo a very great extent. I "I want to thank you Mr. Lamb, for ' yuur kind interest, and the devotion yo\i i have shown to the work. You are the the company. Howard E. Pearsall haa moved from the Review Building to the house re¬ cently bought by him at 31 East Ave¬ nue. Tbe rooms vacated by Mr. Pear¬ sall are now occupied by Mrs. Hoff man. whose aon, Geurge HofTman, is employed by the Nassau County Re¬ view. Charles D. Hildreth of Sayville and John A. Mott have opened a lunch room at Rmlroad Avenue. Mr. Hil¬ dreth was in the restaurant business with his fath'er ut Sayville for 10 years, and is well qualified fur the work, and Mr. Mott will make an act¬ ive assiatant. They have a pretty, neat place, and a successful business ia predicted tor them. The guests present were; at tbe organ recital given by him at : Misses Mildred Thorne, Jennie Skid- t,Me Presbyterian Church Tuesday ev I niore, Marian Baldwin, Irene Chester, ening, but they were happily surprised Edna Stevens, .Mbv Wright, Ethel at the sustained excellence of the pro- | Wright, Ethel DeMo'tt, Isabella Lister gram from the beginning to the end. and Freda Lister and Messrs. Harry Master VanRees has been taking organ ^Golder, Charles Smitb, Fred Losee. lessons frum Prof,^ Rogera of Hemp-j Kenneth Raynor. Ralph Raynor, Eili stead and Roslyn only about six ] ott Raynor and Raymond Ruppert. months. Since October he has had charge of the organ at the Pressyter- The annual meeting of the Woman's ian Church and has handled it to the , p]xchange, which had been postponed entire satisfaction of ihe congregation '' from March 6, was held Monday, who in the year previous had grown March 27, ai the home of Mrs. L done. You have devoted a lot of your time to the villuge anil have been sut 'cesi-ful. 1 shall try to follow in yonr ^footsteps, and if I succeed, as well as you and tbe Presidents preceding you, I shall feel tbat I have merited the confidence of the voters. One of the arguments used against , me on Election Day was the fact that I had large real estate interests. The vote showed that the people of Fret • ; port had u higher opinion of my hon- ! esty and integrity than to believe that I would use my office for personal in- endeuvor to merit deeply attached to the brilliant, fin | Haas, on Hart Avenue. The meeting i terests, and I sha ishetl and Rrtistic work of Mrs. Fred was well attended and a very pleasant j this confidence." erick C. S. Knowles. i evening was enjoyed. ! As Mr. Randali took his seat a large Master VanRees, ably assisted by! The yearly report of the secretary i flora'hofse shoe waa brought into the Miss Rose VanJlees, who contributed i was read, which clearly set forth the ' room and presented to him by Coun to the enjoyment of the evening two fact that the membera had all worked I se''^'' Leo Fishei un behalf of his numbers, Dudley Buck's "Fear Not j industriously during the oast twelve j fr'euds- Mr. Fishel said that this was Ye O Israel" and De Koten'a render-' months. The treasurer's report was | "»i"nbolical of the success we deaire Prt»«iH«»nt P«ndall As Host '^ °^'^'P'*"'''' ^^®*"'°'^"'' ^*'* ^'*^' then presented which was very grati-i for you. We congratulate you and the t^rCMUCnt Kami^i^/^ _ j ter was very warmly received and the fying to the membera as a nice bal- people of Freeport. " Village President Randall has invit-I proidngjj applause shonld huve ance is on hand for the coming year's I President Randall "This is more ed a namber of those who assisted in j i,rought another number from Miss work. than I expected. I appreciate it, and bis election on March 21 to be hisjvanRees. Her voice, which haa guests at a beefatoak dinner at the vvays been of clear and brilliant tone Commercial JHotel on Saturday even- i quality, is growing in richness and vol¬ ume. .Master Lawren ing of thia week. Another Factory for Freeport/^ Capt. Jamea Hanie has Meased the top floor ot his building on Rai'road Avenue to the Classic Mfg. Co. of New York City. The new owners will take possession on April 15 and open a lactory for making knitted goods. They intend to employ between 40 and .SO girls and th^re will also be 5 or ("> men to attend to the overseeing of tbe work and the employees. To Build Synagogue The Purim b.il! and bazaar given bj the Hebrew residents of Freeport in Brooklyn Hall on Thursday evening, Murch 23. was i successful and pleas¬ ing aflfair. Th.- ; roceeils amounted to $20a, which wi'l. . il.!' a iiind (ur the purpo-io of building a synago;4ue e Smitli, Ihe ot Mr. and thir- Mrs. Mrs. Charles Edwards, sr., who has ! the interest you have shown, from the been president of the Exchange for '¦ bottom of my heart." several years, refused the nomination ; The Board then proceeded with the again, as she found that she would be regular business and adopted resolu-* unable to attend to the work of the tions as follows: otiice as'faiihfully aa she had in the Regular meetings lo be held first and third Thursdays of euch month at a p. m. Treasurer's isalary Hxtd at $900 per teen year-Old Charles D. Smith, of .West Merriek past. Mrs. Henry F. Smith of Charles Road, who has been rendering occa Street was then elected to the presi- sional solos at the Preshyteria Church, dency, with Mrs. Charles Morgan of also made his debut in recital, with Union Place as first vice president and , >«"''. bonds of S2.'),ooo with two or two classic numbers. His clear boy's Mrs. F^ed Mollineaux as second vice more secureties. soprano, his iierfeet self-possession, ; president. Mrs. L. Haass was chosen ¦ Sylvester P. Shea re engaged as and his truenesa of note, combine to secretary and Mrs, Rebecca Stuart c'erk at salary of SI25 per month, make his singing a real treat. He, • treasurer. Miss Blanclie Rhodes as asaistant too. was encored very persistently but Following the business meeting the i c'erk at .ftjO per mont-. !2^s3|-• !^»Si5 did not respond. ; hostess served refreahments, after Henry E. Ryder as re.ider of meters .•\rlhur BendiT, a popular F'reeport I which a iileasant aocial hour was en-I at ?S0 per montb ; bend of these three boy. vvas a straiiger to most of the [ joyed. audience, as a violinst. He carried' The next regular meeting will be his part 'iir witb j^reat credit tr. him-1 held thia coming Monday, April 3, at self. The indir,n'r»ible quality of ac- | ihe home of Mrs. Conrad Gaenger. laying uver the appointment for polici oflicers until the regular meeting oi the Board, which will by held Thurs day, A| ril i'< The followitif: appliiii tions fer (oiice otficers were received Wilbur D. Rider, Art'iur C. Smith Peter Elar, ("'larence M. VanRijier, Milford F. Van Kiper. Thiodore A. G's sell, Xi. Riley Raynur, Marshall C Smith, Presiilent Ranilnil Miinoiimeil llien) pointment of coniinitt-e? as follows- Ligh(- Maxsi'n and Williams. Water—Bedell ami .Mahiiliin Streets—Entire Hoaiil Supplies — Randall ami Bi •Itli Police anil License IJHniiall Finance- Bedell, .Ma.xsun, 'vVilliani- Mabnktti, or a majority. Assessors—Entire Board Sidewalks -WillianiH unil .Vlaxsoii Power liouse- Kaniiall and Beilell Purk Mahnken anil linndaM 'i'rustee Maxson requested the Streel Commissioner to iinmetliatuly repair L'uig Beach Av: nue. iosl norlh of hi?- (Trustee .Muxson's) resilience. He thought the r. Her h1;i jld be brouglil down as the road whs in "horrible con dition, " but the Strtt-L (Commissioner did not think it prn'iical at tne pres ent time. He would, hawever, repair this road for .Mr. Maxson at once. J;A|Cu to-Church Sunday evening will I be^he ll in the Churcb of the Redeemer , this .-jnd..y. (larLiciiiarly for Hit I^len's ; Club, but with invitulions sent tu Primaries for all the polil ic;**^ par¬ tiea will be held next TuHsday, .Ajicil 1, Ijelween the hours of 3 and 9 p, ni. In this district they will be held at j other organizations in the village to Firemen's Hull as usual. James J. join. Tbe general public is especially ' Molloy, at present Repullican District I invited. The time^is 8 o'clock. Harry G. Muller who has been de- I tained at home here from businesa Iwith H severe attack of tonsilitis is I ab< ut again. Fred. Schaardt of Bellmore is put- tint; an addition on the house ot .\. C. Doane on .Merrick^^-A^'e., a billiard luiini downstairs ami a bed room, bath, atul sleeting po'ch upstairs. (icu. Dn |ier, the sun of tin- Rev, am! Mrs, Frank Draper of this place, ha-- Kiccei.sfully iiasaed the examina tiiiis in wireless telegraphy of the Marconi School and will shortly re i ceive a ship appointment.jj; John, the' other s.ii if .Mr. and iMra, Draper, is '. 8Ui!Vring froni a heart; ulTeL'tion, and i uuler the cart-ol Dr. ilolcutoii is in beii fur[h period. X'ommitteeman, and John J. Kedell. who holds a similar position in th» Democratic Party, are both candi¬ dates for re-election, and neither haa ; any opposition. A .Stute ('ommittee- man on each ticket is alao to be bal¬ loted for. I Adam Emeigh, sr,, bas kolil the ! .-iluoi) yacht Reliance to Cupt. John ; Brush of Merrick who expects to use the boat in Southern waters next Winter, F. M, Wood i.B moving one ut hia icottag'S from the Water View de¬ velopment to his recently acquiretl .property on Jackson's Creek. , John J. Bctlell is erei-ting al cottage i on liellmore Avenue, near ibe^dock. ('a|)i, Adam Emeigh bus .-(old to S. Hubber of Brooklyn the launch Fran¬ ces, formerly owned by T. Wilkins, > - " * ¦"¦¦¦ . Mrs, Samuel Benner ami fumliy have returned tu their home on Hempstead Heub-vHrd after a stay in Manhattan fl r the last tW(j{months, .Monthly fire ^meetings^are due on Monday and Tuesday, No.j2 on Monday A suiprise supper will be held in tbu ' M E. (,'hurch this Saturduy evening, April 1, from 0:30. All are invited 1 to be present. A pleasant evening and lots of surprises are in store. .u,,.,, . -" .- The annual meeting for the election at 8.J5 in headtjuarters on Carnp Ave. ^ of officers of (he ladies' A.d Society and No. 1 on Tuesday ut 8.00 P. M. i^t the M. E. Church will he held at the home of .Mra. Seitz on Onter Ave¬ nue next Thursdty afternoon, April'd. A full attendance of the members'iis requesteti and frifndy ure inviteil. cur.i: y of f>!r!ir;d torch wire very manif.'st. 'Vhi-re wis n->t a false tone {"• eithit "!' tile diflicult selections he reiidert'.i. The Berceuse fioin Jocelyn was su well done that it bud Freeport Tbe site for this building thu.-^irtstic leception. an en- A dance will be heid at the Board of Trade Hal on Friday evening, April 7, under the auspices of the Board of Trade Realty Co, hus not been settled on as yet, but ceiitial part of Frecport ia whut the committee desire for this purpose. Cudman H. Frederick hss ottered to donate a lite in the soulhctly section of Fieeport. TthS Society has the following oili- ctrs: H. JJjirBSch, president; C. M. Goldberg, vice president; H. Straus of Roosevel-t, secretary; L. Freedman. treaaurer. The committee uitt;iui.-i to ' hold a vaudeville entertaiiimenf in l le ^ near future, but no dejinite plans have | been made us y»«t. ! The Society has iea'^ed Broiiklyn; Hun for on8y<'ar^iirfttnr-m»;f(ine^a«.^ - hoid here. If a auitabie site and sUtVi- cieiit I'linds can ' '• o'.itained the Society will start to erect the synagogue th:? , iiuinmer. * ' j "(JTry my special box of cut Howlers, . 7St for the weekend. C. R. Anker-, I flori^t. Rockville Centra. L. I.; tele-j jihont connection; delivery atrywher,.>, ! AdvertlseniKiit Miss Eisie Hansen of Nassau Road bv ill- The aiiiiieiiee was large, ncttwifh stading the rain, very completi-ly fill- has been confined to her hon inp the churcb. Friends from ahroniL ness f.ir two weeks. present and vied v/ith the many were honif friends in congratulating the young artiats at the close ' 1' the cit'i'. VVccKiy Weather Report (For our readeis iii otiier '.ui.aHlitsi Friday, March 24 (ground still cov¬ ered several inches .'nowl ; ciear ard warm, unow inelting Saturday, yvHrin. snow melting .Vas;, nice Spriti); da;,. Sunday, name snc.v gone otf roads and walks, alth-iii'.i large heaps still left. Mondiiy, 4ame. H Tue.sday, snnw about gone, wtirir and overcaat, heavy rain in evening. W»dne«d»y,-uiLerc&3^t. and waiui. •huwerii. TliUrsdM*- -' - ' ¦¦•¦^-- Mr. and Mrp. H'hrry Kat^i of Nas.sa Road announce the arrival \of a gir bo.-n .Monday, .March 27. \ fixed at $5on uach Cullector'.s bond fixed at S.SOOO. Supply Committee authorized to pro¬ cure nece.-isary coal for the power house. Presidenf autbo.-izid to aign nionthiy warrants, and fixed charges lor' the ensuing ytar. President Rundell of folice. Treasurer instructed to apply ali money receivetl from tax arrears tn- ward.-! payment of ;iote uf 58500 bor¬ rowed from First National Bank, in anticipation of taxes. Supply comroittte in.^tructed to se--"-"^ t;ure a scow load of Peekskill gra/el '""ai' ' as soon as p¦^^^ibll.'. and arrange with' Frederick Peteison of Hen^y Street: Street Committee for improvement of; roads. The Freepoit Bank and Firgt Na- •'¦ tional Bank apprtived nu depoaitorie?, ¦' o ' and they are to submit verified, item ' ized statements of accounts at thefirr't meeti.tg of the-'.Bt at-d in each month. This fiiiisKed' the work which hail been already laid out for action, un '- the appointment of attorney was then tuken up. Trustee Bedell moved tiiut I,eo Fishel be engaged ua village coun¬ sel, at a reasonable compensation for services rendered. Trustee Maxson seconded the motion, which waa car¬ ried unanimously. (Continued on pi^g. , The next onler of h'.i?!ne<:= -• . Prominent Officials Robbed When Sheriff Stephen P. Pettit re- turned on the 12 o'clock train from'¦ Samuel Kilpatrick, jr,, and family. New York Saturday evening, he went ' who have resided in (Joronu for anum- into his house by the rear door, instead ' her of years, huve moved to tnis vii- of the front door as WHS hig usual cus-i lage. They will make their home tom, anil evidently as he came in the with Mr. Kilriatrick's parents pending one door an uninvited guest went out | the completion of their new house in the front door, taking with him jew- the Samuel Wilson development. eIry to the value of about SiOil which . ~ 1 .- had tuken from various druwers in BuSinCSS Men ACtlVC the Pellit house. Mrs. Pettit was' At the regular monthly meeting of -I ending the night with her sister, ! the Busineas Men's Assoi-iutiun h.-ld ,\lr.s. Frank Horntieck, und the house at the otiice of C. M. Flint. Railroud WHS temporarily vacant, so that the Avenue. Tuesdav evening, the new burglars had the whole evening to ' Village President, Ernest S Randall, work in and thoroughly ransacked the, made an address, in which he suid he SEVEN FT. FLORAL HORSESHOE j P'"*^"' ''"'*''"'''"">'**'•'''*' '¦'Cfpelled to wou'd be glad to co operate with the leave before they had finished Mrs. Asaociation in ull its elftirts to help Pettit had taken most of her jewelry promote the general welfare of the vil- with ber, also $60 in cash belonging to Uge, har mother. • a committee wa.? ap)!ointed to work Ihe same evening the reaidence of ' in conjunction with the Mernck Civie Hirum R. Smith on North Bergti, AsHoeiation to enueuvor to have proper Pluce. was entered Mrs. Smith is at raised platforms at both atations, ao Southern Pinei,, N. C, and the houae ia in charge of Mias Hattie .Smith, wbo wus in the cily for the duy. Ori I er return homei about 8 o'clock, abe thought .she htard sorneoiM! in the h,-iiac and called a neighbor and made an inv ..tigntiori: It waa found that the viMiors hnd left in h hurry, and Preaented to Preaident Ran by his Frientls Phulu by I- rrteport Studii; VISIT TO I'OLICiJ HEADQUARTERS After the Hoard atljcurnHd, Chief of Police Ru ;dal. invited the membera tt viait police heudijuarters. All th» olli¬ cer- h; ! iil en i? .'."ttd to appear, I Lointed Ch'icf vvliere iney were inirtductd to the new member of the Bourd. Truste Mahn¬ ken. President Randall told the pt.lice that he v.a? ii't v,-( r-nly to make hi? hua been confi h^nvy cold. Mrs. Rodi?r, i, this place, vcaa while shopping oi Biooklyn, recently. ic htr home, where, serious condition. designat wcu d at until !' I'ng veftr, and I woiporHnl V ^«fore they had time to take anything p- that peraon." rojld [iroperly get off the trains, the iireHint platforms being entiri'iy too luw for convenience. Another cunimittce was appointed to eu r.] I rate with ;lhe .Msa.»Hpei|uaiAs- -¦¦MiiU' ri in an endeavor to move the |,ri:: - ' 11 ''^ (."-t some trolley iinn Amityville and 1 ft-rnit".' !i:M'«.:ni if taken seriously, ili :in Fulton , Street, She was reVioved he is still .ir. a at. The Ro?evelt Candy Kitchen, a branch ot the Hempstead and Hiijks- vilie Candy Kitchens, op^-ned up iWat Saturday with a full li'i> ¦ f ¦•••ndy, ke cream, etc ¦ -iv.;: h;_ ;ra more ex '- - ¦ lerv line, sold oul to L. Micbiiuii, and purchased i. chicken farm at Merrick, which he ha •'ick Prize Spc^«ker,s I Or preliminary speakin;? ¦• t. .-i ; ttrmine the two R'adent- •¦' •¦¦••• ' '¦' .-"I-t F'reeport High ¦• ;l ieare "'•"-Suffolk intcrsc; ryiiitb- »"K contest, will!,. a ior a cVntjc .port High School uudiu>i line: .Mr. day evening, April 12. -er two boys wiil he choaen. .,) T. .Moulton ifi roHch'ng the .¦'tijfienls so .Amerg th-)=i ¦,',ho havo entt-ft-.' nre v: : Scituol .'tUetinji!; Ma\ .f ntly disponed of !ie !)ni!t/'>: .-¦'::: meeting ' .-'-I- No. 9 t*i!i i,« i "!. ' -I Scbcol, Tuea ' <*ve:.: , . • trannHction af businesa us uauai at that nrieeling. At that meeting a truatee will be elected ¦L-- V. i .e.s- in r'a-ie ff C. Dwii.'ht rti.ker. whoa* Two Ki'rL"»nd '""> "' '^"''^'' **''"' - ''"'V 31. l^DJ- ML-S Etbel '^' '*"* f's^-'ing the Board will pres- ent to the voteri? 'f 'his district 4,ha qoeution of the proper beating and ventilating of the Grove Street School, about which something roust be dona at once. Mnra Frpcparf N^w* on Page 8 Ktliii.-f Uioji.,,,, .VIiK.* ciinne Sy- .Mhs .Marie lHahiiUfn, .\|i«.t Mur- "' - .loseph Pettit, Mervin i Gii)lar,,.Arthur Bender, .^r.hiir Connor und To Give "The Nest Egg" Thj Mask rmd Wi? Club will g,ve thi'l play wt the CT\:'.tl Theatre, T-iem dny and Weriii.-ir-iM. J\i.r,-. -.'.i; ^nd -ii^
Object Description
|Nassau County Review 19160331
|Nassau County Review 19160331
Nassau County Review
N ol. XX, No. 13
Slntcle copi^•^> of thp Hevir-tr far Ml.- ,it (^rwen- Matt'ii ami Brmlthwalfi. Rallroarf Avenue; Mich- o«ff'», N«*«u County R»vi-\v. Dn-Stlvai and I liebetzs. liain .Strwt; Si.lnny Smith'.. W.-«t | Mvrrirk Hoad.
Benson Smith
inntflo tr
Priday Mar.
Saturday, April Sonday Monday, Tuasday,
WednendHy, Thursiliiv, Friday Saturriiiy,
Add tags for Nassau County Review 19160331
Post a Comment for Nassau County Review 19160331


text:
A snake is an elongate reptile of the suborder Serpentes. Like all reptiles, snakes are covered in scales. All snakes are carnivorous and can be distinguished from legless lizards by their lack of eyelids, hind limbs, external ears, and the presence of only vestigal forelimbs. The 2,700+ species of snakes spread across every continent except Antarctica ranging in size from the tiny, 10 cm long thread snake to pythons and anacondas at 9 m (30 ft) long. In order to accommodate snakes' narrow bodies, paired organs (such as kidneys) appear one in front of the other instead of side by side.
While venomous snakes comprise a minority of the species, some possess potent venom capable of causing painful injury or death to humans. However, venom in snakes is primarily for killing and subduing prey rather than for self-defense. Snakes may have evolved from a lizard which adapted to burrowing during the Cretaceous period (c 150 Ma), though some scientists have postulated an aquatic origin. The diversity of modern snakes appeared during the Paleocene period (c 66 to 56 Ma).
A literary word for snake is serpent (a Middle English word which comes from Old French, and ultimately from *serp-, "to creep", also ερπω in Greek). The serpent is also a symbol of the healing arts.
Primitive groups among the modern snakes, pythons and boas, have vestigial hind limbs: tiny, clawed digits known as anal spurs which are used to grasp during mating. Leptotyphlopidae and Typhlopidae are other examples where remnants of the pelvic girdle are still present, sometimes appearing as horny projections when visible. The frontal limbs in all snakes are non-existent because of the evolution of the Hox genes in this area. The axial skeleton of the snakes' common ancestor had like most other tetrapods the familiar regional specializations consisting of cervical (neck), thoracic (chest), lumbar (lower back), sacral (pelvic) and caudal (tail) vertebrae. The Hox gene expression in the axial skeleton responsible for the development of the thorax became dominant early in snake evolution and as a result, the vertebrae anterior to the hindlimb buds (when present) all have the same thoracic-like identity (except from the atlas, axis and one to three neck vertebrae), making most of the snake's skeleton being composed of an extremely extended thorax. Ribs are found exclusively on the thoracic vertebrae. The neck, lumbar and pelvic vertebrae are very reduced in number (only two to ten lumbar and pelvic vertebrae are still present), while only a short tail remains of the caudal vertebrae, although the tail is still long enough to be of good use in many species, and is modified in some aquatic and tree dwelling species.
An alternative hypothesis, based on morphology, suggests that the ancestors of snakes were related to mosasaurs — extinct aquatic reptiles from the Cretaceous — which in turn are thought to have derived from varanid lizards. Under this hypothesis, the fused, transparent eyelids of snakes are thought to have evolved to combat marine conditions (corneal water loss through osmosis), while the external ears were lost through disuse in an aquatic environment, ultimately leading to an animal similar in appearance to sea snakes of today. In the Late Cretaceous, snakes re-colonized the land much like they are today. Fossil snake remains are known from early Late Cretaceous marine sediments, which is consistent with this hypothesis, particularly as they are older than the terrestrial Najash rionegrina. Similar skull structure; reduced/absent limbs; and other anatomical features found in both mosasaurs and snakes lead to a positive cladistical correlation, although some of these features are shared with varanids. In recent years, genetic studies have indicated that snakes are not as closely related to monitor lizards as it was once believed, and therefore not to mosasaurs, the proposed ancestor in the aquatic scenario of their evolution. However, there is more evidence linking mosasaurs to snakes than to varanids. Fragmentary remains that have been found from the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous indicate deeper fossil records for these groups, which may eventually refute either hypothesis.
The great diversity of modern snakes appeared in the Paleocene, correlating with the adaptive radiation of mammals following the extinction of the non-avian dinosaurs. There are over 2,900 species of snakes ranging as far northward as the Arctic Circle in Scandinavia and southward through Australia and Tasmania. Snakes can be found on every continent (with the exception of Antarctica), dwelling in the sea, and as high as 16,000 feet (4900m)in the Himalayan Mountains of Asia. There are numerous islands from which snakes are conspicuously absent such as Ireland, Iceland, and New Zealand.
All modern snakes are grouped within the suborder Serpentes in Linnean taxonomy, part of the order Squamata, though their precise placement within squamates is controversial. There are two infraorders of Serpentes: Alethinophidia and Scolecophidia. This separation is based primarily on morphological characteristics between family groups and mitochondrial DNA. Alethinophidia is sometimes split into Henophidia and Caenophidia, with the latter consisting of "Colubroid" snakes (colubrids, vipers, elapids, hydrophiids, and attractaspids) and acrochordids, while the other alethinophidian families comprise Henophidia.
As with a lot of taxonomic classifications, there are many debates when it comes to how many there are. For instance, many sources classify Boidae and Pythonidae as the same family, or keep others, such as Elapidae and Hydrophiidae, separate for practical reasons despite their extremely close relation.
|Alethinophidia 15 families
|Common Names
|Example Species
|Example Photo
Bonaparte, 1831
|file snakes
|Marine File Snake (Acrochordus granulatus)
Stejneger, 1907
|coral pipe snakes
|Burrowing False Coral (Anilius scytale)
Cundall, Wallach, 1993.
|dwarf pipe snakes
|Leonard's Pipe Snake, (Anomochilus leonardi)
Günther, 1858
|mole vipers
|Bibron's burrowing asp (Atractaspis bibroni)
Gray, 1825
|tree boa, Russell's earth boa, red sand boa, Indian python
|Amazon tree (Corallus hortulanus,)
Hoffstetter, 1946
|Round Island boas
|Round Island Burrowing Boa (Bolyeria multocarinata)
Oppel, 1811
|colubrids, Common wolf snake, yellow spotted wolf snake, common kukri snake, streaked kukri snake, dumeril's black headed snake, buffstriped keel back, green keel back, checkered keel back, trinket snake, Rat snake, cat snake, glossy marsh snake, Indian ribbon snake, common vine snake
|Grass Snake (Natrix natrix)
Fitzinger, 1843
|Asian pipe snakes
|Red-tailed Pipe Snake (Cylindrophis ruffus)
Boie, 1827
|cobras, coral snakes, mambas, kraits, sea snakes, sea kraits, Australian elapids
|King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah)
Cope, 1861
|Mexican burrowing snakes
|Mexican burrowing snake (Loxocemus bicolor)
Fitzinger, 1826
|Ball python/Royal python (Python regius)
Brongersma, 1951
|dwarf boas
|Northern Eyelash Boa (Trachyboa boulengeri)
Müller, 1832
|shield-tailed snakes, short-tailed snakes
|Ocellated Shield-tail (Uropeltis ocellatus)
Oppel, 1811
|vipers, pitvipers, rattlesnakes
|European asp (Vipera aspis)
Bonaparte, 1845
|sunbeam snakes
|Sunbeam snake (Xenopeltis unicolor)
|Scolecophidia 3 families
|Common Names
|Example Species
|Example Photo
Taylor, 1939
|dawn blind snakes
|Dawn Blind Snake (Liotyphlops beui)
Stejneger, 1892
|slender blind snakes
|Texas Blind Snake (Leptotyphlops dulcis)
Merrem, 1820
|blind snakes
|Black Blind Snake (Typhlops reticulatus)
The skin of a snake is covered in scales. Contrary to the popular notion of snakes being slimy because of possible confusion of snakes with worms, snakeskin has a smooth, dry texture. Most snakes use specialized belly scales to travel, gripping surfaces. The body scales may be smooth, keeled, or granular. Snake's eyelids are transparent "spectacle" scales which remain permanently closed, also known as brille.
The shedding of scales is called ecdysis, or, in normal usage moulting or sloughing. In the case of snakes, the complete outer layer of skin is shed in one layer. Snake scales are not discrete but extensions of the epidermis hence they are not shed separately, but are ejected as a complete contiguous outer layer of skin during each moult, akin to a sock being turned inside out.
Moulting serves a number of functions – firstly, the old and worn skin is replaced, secondly, it helps get rid of parasites such as mites and ticks. Renewal of the skin by moulting is supposed to allow growth in some animals such as insects, however this view has been disputed in the case of snakes.
Moulting is repeated periodically throughout a snake's life. Before a moult, the snake stops eating and often hides or moves to a safe place. Just before shedding, the skin becomes dull and dry looking and the eyes become cloudy or blue-colored. The inner surface of the old outer skin liquefies. This causes the old outer skin to separate from the new inner skin. After a few days, the eyes clear and the snake "crawls" out of its old skin. The old skin breaks near the mouth and the snake wriggles out aided by rubbing against rough surfaces. In many cases the cast skin peels backward over the body from head to tail, in one piece like an old sock. A new, larger, and brighter layer of skin has formed underneath.
An older snake may shed its skin only once or twice a year, but a younger, still-growing snake, may shed up to four times a year. The discarded skin gives a perfect imprint of the scale pattern and it is usually possible to identify the snake if this discard is reasonably complete and intact. This periodic renewal has led to the snake being a symbol of healing and medicine, as pictured in the Rod of Asclepius.
The shape and number of scales on the head, back and belly are characteristic to family, genus and species. Scales have a nomenclature analogous to the position on the body. In "advanced" (Caenophidian) snakes, the broad belly scales and rows of dorsal scales correspond to the vertebrae, allowing scientists to count the vertebrae without dissection.
Scalation counts are also used to tell the sex of a snake when the species is not readily sexually dimorphic. A probe is inserted into the cloaca until it can go no further. The probe is marked at the point where it stops, removed, and compared to the subcaudal depth by laying it alongside the scales. The scalation count determines whether the snake is a male or female as hemipenes of a male will probe to a different depth (usually longer) than the cloaca of a female.
Snakes use smell to track their prey. It smells by using its forked tongue to collect airborne particles then passing them to the Jacobson's organ or the Vomeronasal organ in the mouth for examination. The fork in the tongue gives the snake a sort of directional sense of smell and taste simultaneously. The snake keeps its tongue constantly in motion, sampling particles from the air, ground, and water analyzing the chemicals found and determining the presence of prey or predators in its local environment.
All snakes are strictly carnivorous, eating small animals including lizards, other snakes, small mammals, birds, eggs, fish, snails or insects. Because snakes cannot bite or tear their food to pieces, a snake must swallow its prey whole. The body size of a snake has a major influence on its eating habits. Smaller snakes eat smaller prey. Juvenile pythons might start out feeding on lizards or mice and graduate to small deer or antelope as an adult, for example.
The snake's jaw is the most unique jaw in the animal kingdom. Contrary to the popular belief that snakes can dislocate their jaws, snakes have a very flexible lower jaw, the two halves of which are not rigidly attached, and numerous other joints in their skull (see snake skull), allowing them to open their mouths wide enough to swallow their prey whole, even if it is larger in diameter than the snake itself, as snakes do not chew. For example, the African Egg-eating Snake has flexible jaws adapted for eating eggs much larger than the diameter of its head. This snake has no teeth, but does have bony protrusions on the inside edge of its spine which are used to aid in breaking the shells of the eggs it eats.
While the majority of snakes eat a variety of prey animals, there is some to be able to escape the perceived threat. When undisturbed, the digestive process is highly efficient, with the snake's digestive enzymes dissolving and absorbing everything but the prey's hair and claws, which are excreted along with waste.
The snake's heart is encased in a sac, called the pericardium, located at the bifurcation of the bronchi. The heart is able to move around, however, owing to the lack of a diaphragm. This adjustment protects the heart from potential damage when large ingested prey is passed through the esophagus. The spleen is attached to the gall bladder and pancreas and filters the blood. The thymus gland is located in fatty tissue above the heart and is responsible for the generation of immune cells in the blood. The cardiovascular system of snakes is also unique for the presence of a renal portal system in which the blood from the snake's tail passes through the kidneys before returning to the heart.
The vestigial left lung is often small or sometimes even absent, as snakes' tubular bodies require all of their organs to be long and thin. In the majority of species, only one lung is functional. This lung contains a vascularized anterior portion and a posterior portion which does not function in gas exchange. This 'saccular lung' is used for hydrostatic purposes to adjust buoyancy in some aquatic snakes and its function remains unknown in terrestrial species. Many organs that are paired, such as kidneys or reproductive organs, are staggered within the body, with one located ahead of the other. Snakes have no colenary bladder or lymph nodes.
Most often employed by colubroid snakes (colubrids, elapids, and vipers) when the snake must move in an environment which lacks any irregularities to push against (and which therefore renders lateral undulation impossible), such as a slick mud flat, or a sand dune. Sidewinding is a modified form of lateral undulation in which all of the body segments oriented in one direction remain in contact with the ground, while the other segments are lifted up, resulting in a peculiar 'rolling' motion. This mode of locomotion overcomes the slippery nature of sand or mud by pushing off with only static portions on the body, thereby minimizing slipping. The static nature of the contact points can be shown from the tracks of a sidewinding snake, which show each belly scale imprint, without any smearing. This mode of locomotion has very low caloric cost, less than ⅓ of the cost for a lizard or snake to move the same distance. Contrary to popular beliefs, there is no evidence that sidewinding is associated with hot sand.
Gliding snakes (Chrysopelea) of Southeast Asia launch themselves from branch tips, spreading their ribs and laterally undulating as they glide between trees. These snakes can perform a controlled glide for hundreds of feet depending upon launch altitude and can even turn in mid-air.
Most species of snake lay eggs, and most of those species abandon them shortly after laying; however, individual species such as the King cobra actually construct nests and stay in the vicinity of the hatchlings after incubation. Most pythons coil around their egg-clutches after they have laid them and remain with the eggs until they hatch. The female python will not leave the eggs, except to occasionally bask in the sun or drink water and will generate heat to incubate the eggs by shivering.
Some species of snake are ovoviviparous and retain the eggs within their bodies until they are almost ready to hatch. Recently, it has been confirmed that several species of snake are fully viviparous, such as the boa constrictor and green anaconda, nourishing their young through a placenta as well as a yolk sac, which is highly unusual among reptiles, or anything else outside of placental mammals. Retention of eggs and live birth are most often associated with colder environments, as the retention of the young within the female.
Certain birds, mammals, and other snakes such as kingsnakes that prey on venomous snakes have developed resistance and even immunity to certain venom. Venomous snakes include three families of snakes and do not constitute a formal classification group used in taxonomy. The term poisonous snake is mostly incorrect – poison is inhaled or ingested whereas venom is injected. There are, however, two exceptions – Rhabdophis sequesters toxins from the toads it eats then secretes them from nuchal glands to ward off predators, and a small population of garter snakes in Oregon retains enough toxin in their liver from the newts they eat to be effectively poisonous to local small predators such as crows and foxes.
Snake venoms are complex mixtures of proteins and are stored in poison glands at the back of the head. In all venomous snakes these glands open through ducts into grooved or hollow teeth in the upper jaw. These proteins can potentially be a mix of neurotoxins (which attack the nervous system), hemotoxins (which attack the circulatory system), cytotoxins, bungarotoxins and many other toxins that affect the body in different ways. Almost all snake venom contains hyaluronidase, an enzyme that ensures rapid diffusion of the venom.
Venomous snakes that use hemotoxins usually have the fangs that secrete the venom in the front of their mouths, making it easier for them to inject the venom into their victims. Some snakes that use neurotoxins, such as the mangrove snake, have their fangs located in the back of their mouths, with the fangs curled backwards. This makes it both difficult for the snake to use its venom and for scientists to milk them. Elapid snakes, however, such as cobras and kraits are proteroglyphous, possessing hollow fangs which cannot be erected toward the front of their mouths and cannot "stab" like a viper, they must actually bite the victim.
It has recently been suggested that all snakes may be venomous to a certain degree, the harmless snakes having weak venom and no fangs.
Snakes may have evolved from a common lizard ancestor that was venomous, from which venomous lizards like the gila monster and beaded lizard may have also derived. They share this venom clade with various other saurian species.
Venomous snakes are classified in two taxonomic families:
There is a third family containing the opistoglyphous (rear-fanged) snakes as well as the majority of other snake species:
Snakes do not ordinarily prey on humans and most will not attack humans unless the snake is startled or injured, preferring instead to avoid contact. With the exception of large constrictors, non-venomous snakes are not a threat to humans. The bite of non-venomous snakes is usually harmless because their teeth are designed for grabbing and holding, rather than tearing or inflicting a deep puncture wound. Although the possibility of an infection and tissue damage is present in the bite of a non-venomous snake, venomous snakes present far greater hazard to humans.
Documented deaths resulting from snake bites are uncommon. Non-fatal bites from venomous snakes may result in the need for amputation of a limb or part thereof. Of the roughly 725 species of venomous snakes worldwide, only 250 are able to kill a human with one bite. Although Australia is home to the largest number of venomous snakes in the world, it only has one fatal snake bite per year on average. In India, 250,000 snakebites are recorded in a single year with as many as 50,000 recorded initial deaths.
The treatment for a snakebite is as variable as the bite itself. The most common and effective method is through antivenom, a serum made from the venom of the snake. Some antivenom is species specific (monovalent) while some is made for use with multiple species in mind (polyvalent). In the United States for example, all species of venomous snakes are pit vipers, with the exception of the coral snake. To produce antivenin, a mixture of the venoms of the different species of rattlesnakes, copperheads, and cottonmouths is injected into the body of a horse in ever-increasing dosages until the horse is immunized. Blood is then extracted from the immunized horse and freeze-dried. It is reconstituted with sterile water and becomes antivenin. For this reason, people who are allergic to horses cannot be treated using antivenin. Antivenin for the more dangerous species (such as mambas, taipans, and cobras) is made in a similar manner in India, South Africa, and Australia with the exception being that those antivenins are species-specific.
Snake charming has a reputation for being cruel to the snakes themselves. Snakes are taken from their natural habitats. The snakes fangs are often yanked out without painkillers and their mouths are sewn shut, only leaving a tiny gap to pour milk and water down. The snakes often die slow, painful deaths. Snake charming was so cruel that the Indian Wildlife Law of 1972 banned snake charming. Other snake charmers also have a snake and mongoose show, where both the animals have a mock fight; however, this is not very common, as the snakes, as well as the mongooses, may be seriously injured or killed.
Despite the existence of snake charmers, there have also been professional snake catchers or wranglers. Modern day snake trapping involves a herpetologist using a long stick with a "V" shaped end. Some like Bill Haast, Austin Stevens, and Jeff Corwin prefer to catch them using bare hands.
In some Asian countries, the use of snakes in alcohol is also accepted. In such cases, the body of a snake or several snakes is left to steep in a jar or container of liquor. It is claimed that this makes the liquor stronger (as well as more expensive). One example of this is the Habu snake sometimes placed in the Okinawan liquor Awamori also known as "Habu Sake".
In Egyptian history, the snake occupies a primary role with the Nile cobra adorning the crown of the pharaoh in ancient times. It was worshipped as one of the gods and was also used for sinister purposes: murder of an adversary and ritual suicide (Cleopatra).
In Greek mythology snakes are often associated with deadly and dangerous antagonists, but this is not to say that snakes are symbolic of evil; in fact, snakes are a chthonic symbol, roughly translated as 'earthbound'. The nine-headed Lernaean Hydra that Hercules defeated and the three Gorgon sisters are children of Gaia, the earth. Medusa was one of the three Gorgon sisters who Perseus defeated. Medusa is described as a hideous mortal, with snakes instead of hair and the power to turn men to stone with her gaze. After killing her, Perseus gave her head to Athena who fixed it to her shield called the Aegis. The Titans are also depicted in art with snakes instead of legs and feet for the same reason—they are children of Gaia and Ouranos (Uranus), so they are bound to the earth.
Three medical symbols involving snakes that are still used today are Bowl of Hygieia, symbolizing pharmacy, and the Caduceus and Rod of Asclepius, which are symbols denoting medicine in general.
India is often called the land of snakes and is steeped in tradition regarding snakes. Snakes are worshipped as gods even today with many women pouring milk on snake pits (despite snakes' aversion for milk). The cobra is seen on the neck of Shiva and Vishnu is depicted often as sleeping on a seven-headed snake or within the coils of a serpent. There are also several temples in India solely for cobras sometimes called Nagraj (King of Snakes) and it is believed that snakes are symbols of fertility. There is a Hindu festival called Nag Panchami each year on which day snakes are venerated and prayed to. See also Nāga.
In Christianity and Judaism, the snake makes its infamous appearance in the first book (Genesis 3:1) of the Bible when a serpent appears before the first couple Adam and Eve as an agent of the devil and tempts them with the forbidden fruit from the Tree of Knowledge. The snake returns in Exodus when Moses, as a sign of God's power, turns his staff into a snake and when Moses made the Nehushtan, a bronze snake on a pole that when looked at cured the people of bites from the snakes that plagued them in the desert. The serpent makes its final appearance symbolizing Satan in the Book of Revelation:"And he laid hold on the dragon the old serpent, which is the devil and Satan, and bound him for a thousand years." (Revelation 20:2)
The Ouroboros is a symbol that is associated with many different religions and customs, and is also claimed to be related to Alchemy. The Ouroboros or Oroboros is a snake eating its own tail in a clock-wise direction (from the head to the tail) in the shape of a circle, representing manifestation of one's own life and rebirth, leading to immortality.
The snake is one of the 12 celestial animals of Chinese Zodiac, in the Chinese calendar.
Many ancient Peruvian cultures worshipped nature. They placed emphasis on animals and often depicted snakes in their art.
Snakes are a part of Hindu worship. A festival Nag Panchami is celebrated every year on snakes. Most images of Lord Shiva depict snake around his neck. Puranas have various stories associated with Snakes. In the Puranas, Shesha is said to hold all the planets of the Universe on his hoods and to constantly sing the glories of Vishnu from all his mouths. He is sometimes referred to as "Ananta-Shesha" which means "Endless Shesha". Other notable snakes in Hinduism are Ananta, Vasuki, Taxak, Karkotaka and Pingala. For others names refer naga.
Snakes have also been widely revered, such as in ancient Greece, where the serpent was seen as a healer, and Asclepius carried two intertwined on his wand, a symbol seen today on many ambulances. In Judaism, the snake of brass is also a symbol of healing, of one's life being saved from imminent death (Book of Numbers 26:6–9). In Christianity, Christ's redemptive work is compared to saving one's life through beholding the serpent of brass (Gospel of John 3:14). However, more commonly in Christianity, the serpent was seen as a representative of evil and sly plotting, which can be seen in the description in Genesis chapter 3 of a snake in the Garden of Eden tempting Eve.
In Neo-Paganism and Wicca, the snake is seen as a symbol of wisdom and knowledge.
Snakes in culture

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Episode 1
The Amiens Raid
February 1944, the RAF launched one of its most daring and secret operations.
Rent, buy and watch the latest movies and TV shows online
blinkbox has more of the latest movies and TV shows than our competitors.
No subscription, so you only pay when you rent or buy a movie or TV show, from just 99p.
blinkbox is available on PC, Mac, mobile, tablets, Chromecast, consoles, smart TVs, set‑top boxes and Blu‑ray players.
A series about brilliant generals, ferocious warriors and individual selfless acts of courage. Hundreds of thousands owe their lives to the people featured in these films.
Not yet rated
The Amiens Raid
February 1944, the RAF launched one of its most daring and secret operations.
The Doolittle Raid
This story of one of the most daring bombing raids of World War Two.
Wingate & The Chindits
1943, Orde Wingate was an extraordinary British General, forming the Chindits.
The Black Battalion
The 333rd First Arillery Battlion, an all African American unit formed in WWII.
Lucky Laycock's Escape From Crete
May, 1941, German forces attack the island of Crete in a large airborne assault.
Manstein Holds The Line
Spring 1943, the German army on the Eastern front was in deep trouble.
The Siege Of Kohima
Outnumbered by ten to one, a tiny garrison of British and Indian soldiers stood
Roy Urquhart Escapes From Arnhem
September 1944 everyone thought Hitler was finished.
Morshead Holds Tobruk
The heroic story of Australian General Morshead and his defense of Tobruk.
Evacuation in the Baltic
In early 1945 nearly two million people were trapped in a German enclave.
Moore's March
Italians send out a superior force to meet and assault Pat Clayton's Unit.
Operation Pedestal
For the Axis powers in 1942, control of the Mediterranean was vital.
Breakout Through Hell's Gate
40,000 men escape the Red Army's grasp in "the breakthrough at Hell's Gate."
Own forever. Watch on up to 5 devices.
PC, Mac, Chromecast, iPad, iPhone, Android phones and tablets, Windows phones and tablets, Xbox, PS3, smart TVs, set-top boxes and Blu-ray players.
Download on iOS 7+, Android 4.0+ and Windows 8.1+ in app. Includes rentals.
Download this episode and watch on Windows Media Player*
*UK internet connection required to acquire licence Learn more.


text:
Pinwheel Quilted Voile Sham
$29 - $39
Tailored from soft, lightweight cotton voile, our sham features delicate hand-quilted pinwheels that form a rosette pattern. Polyester fill ensures cozy comfort year-round.
- Sham has an envelope closure; polyester fill
- Quilt is reversible and finished with piping
- Machine wash
- Imported
- In petal, white, grey, lilac or aqua
- View bedding dimensions
Shown in petal
Pinwheel Quilted Voile Sham
Celebrate someone special. Add an initial, name or date to personalize gifts, apparel, bedding, decorative accents and jewelry.
- Personalization is centered on the sham
- Size and shape of embroidery designs have been thoughtfully considered by our design team to best complement the product
- Monogrammed/Personalized items are considered custom order items and are non-cancellable, non-returnable and non-refundable
Pinwheel Quilted Voile Sham
$29 - $39
Pinwheel Quilted Voile Quilt
$179 - $219
Featherblend Pillow Inserts
$16 - $22


text:
Skip to Section Subnavigation Skip to Page Content
For first-year and transfer students.
Associate and bachelor's degree programs for men and women 4 full years out of high school.
Elementary, middle level and secondary certification for men and women with a bachelor's degree.
Skip to Page Content
The Wilson College soccer team hosted Rosemont College in an afternoon contest today, falling 12-1 to the Ravens.
Wilson and Rosemont were tied 1-1 in the first ten minutes of the contest. Rosemont then heightened their offense and continued to score consistent goals throughout the rest of the game. Wilson had trouble stopping the explosive offense and could not put anything together on their end of the field to try to catch up. The Ravens lead expanded quickly making it difficult for a Phoenix comeback.
Senior Courtney Bernecker scored the only goal for the Phoenix in the first half. Freshman goalkeeper Teniera Prioleau was tested consistently in net and tallied 10 saves in the game.
The Phoenix return to action on Saturday when they host Penn State Abington for a 4:00pm contest.


text:
Home > Dawn Saves Wildlife
For over 30 years, Dawn dishwashing liquid has been an important part of rescuing and releasing more than 75,000 animals affected by oil pollution. We've donated thousands of bottles to wildlife rescue workers at The Marine Mammal Center and International Bird Rescue. Learn more about what Dawn and our partners are doing at Facebook.com/dawn.
Saving wildlife starts with a click.
Dawn Saves Wildlife – Wildlife Rescue with Dawn Ultra
Dawn Saves Wildlife – Wildlife Rescue with Dawn Ultra
Our partner's at The International Bird Rescue & Mammal Center use Dawn to help save wildlife.
It can be difficult for many of us to rescue wildlife in person, but now Dawn Saves Wildlife presents Virtual Volunteer. Experience the excitement of what it's like to be a volunteer at International Bird Rescue and help rescue birds in need. Then like and share to help get the word out, because saving wildlife starts with a click. Visit us on Facebook at Facebook.com/Dawn to find out more about how you can make a difference.
The Marine Mammal Center (TMMC)
TMMC is a state-of-the-art nonprofit veterinary hospital and research center made up of over 1,000 volunteers. Since 1975, they've dedicated themselves to the rescue and rehabilitation of sick, injured, or orphaned marine mammals like seals, sea lions, and dolphins. Based in Sausalito, California, TMMC also doubles as an education center, teaching more than 100,000 kids and adults each year about the animals, ocean health, and connections we all share.
Dawn's donations to TMMC are vital to its core mission: To give marine mammals a second chance at life, expand awareness of the earth's oceans and its inhabitants, and to inspire care and conservation in future generations.
To learn more about their wonderful work of this Center, please visit MarineMammalCenter.org.
International Bird Rescue (IBR)
Founded in 1971, International Bird Rescue is a nonprofit wildlife organization committed to caring for birds affected by both natural and man-made disasters, such as oil spills and marine debris. Each year, IBR's two world-class centers in California care for over 5,000 animals, including pelicans, herons, albatrosses, and other aquatic bird species. Their spill response teams have led rescue efforts in over 200 spills across six continents. And since 1978, they've trusted Dawn®, whose grease-fighting formula is tough on oil, yet gentle on animals.
Dawn's donation helps support IBR's rehabilitation and research programs, as well as its growing volunteer network and educational programs that inspire our next generation of wildlife champions.
Please visit www.birdrescue.org for more information on this incredible organization.
See Our Virtual
Volunteer In Action
Softer Hands
And Sparkling Dishes


text:
Has gained valuable experience over his first two years at A&T…Started games at quarterback as a freshman and sophomore at A&T…Has mostly served as Lewis Kindle's backup and the holder on extra points and field goals during his career…Should enter the 2014 August camp as the No. 1 quarterback on the depth chart…Has led the Aggies to some key wins during his career…Came off the bench to lead the Aggies to a big Homecoming win against Norfolk State in 2012, and he was the starter for the Aggies big upset win over Appalachian State in 2013…Has tremendous speed and can make big plays with his legs…Also wants to show off his ability to throw the football…Has played in 21 games with five starts…Has completed 39 of 78 passes for 371 yards passing and two touchdowns…Also has 60 rushes for 254 yards and two touchdowns.
2013 Season: Played in 11 games with one start…Most of appearances was as the Aggies holder on extra point and field goals…Did get the start against Appalachian State to open the season on Sept. 7…Managed the game superbly as he completed 12 of 21 passes for 100 yards and a 2-yard touchdown pass to Desmond Lawrence…Also had 46 yards rushing on 12 carries as the Aggies upset the Mountaineers 24-21 in Boone, N.C…Also saw action in relief of starting quarterback Lewis Kindle on Oct. 19 against Delaware State at Aggie Stadium, but completed just 1 of 5 passes…Also saw action against Virginia University of Lynchburg in a 59-12 blowout win on Nov. 2 as he rushed for a 17-yard touchdown in the Homecoming win.
2012 Season: Played in 10 games with four starts…Also served as the Aggies holder on extra points and field goals in games when he didn't take a snap at quarterback…Completed 25 of 50 passes for 256 yards, a touchdown and four interceptions…Also rushed for 196 yards and a touchdown on 46 carries…Was third on the team in rushing and total offense (452 yards)…Made his first career start on Sept. 1 as he replaced a suspended Lewis Kindle in a 29-13 loss at Coastal Carolina…Threw his first career touchdown pass, a 23-yard toss to Larry Raper, at Coastal Carolina…In the game, Quick was 11-for-23 for 155 yards, a touchdown and three interceptions…Replaced Kindle to open the second half against Norfolk State on Oct. 27…When he entered the game, the Aggies trailed 9-7, but his performance helped the Aggies earn a 30-9 Homecoming win over the Spartans…In the game, he rushed for 68 yards on seven carries, including a 29-yard third-quarter touchdown that gave the Aggies the lead for good…Made his first career start on Nov. 3 against Florida A&M, where he threw for 40 yards and rushed for 33 more on seven carries…Also started the Aggies final two games of the season, but shared time with Kindle throughout the games.
High School: Named to the 2011 Shrine Bowl, a game that features the best high school players from North Carolina against the best from South Carolina...Led his team to a 15-0 record and the Class 4A state title in 2011...Scotland was also ranked No. 1 in the state (N.C.)...Was named Cape Fear Region Player of the Year by the Fayetteville Observer...Named first-team All-Region in 2011...Threw for 2,533 yards and 32 touchdowns and rushed for 1,174 yards and eight touchdowns as a senior.


text:
SPACE pirate and alien life forms could soon be seen zooming around the Lake District – thanks to a new million dollar movie.
Old Hutton writer and director Rick McLeod has teamed up with a group of American producers to make a science fiction film based on cult television series Firefly.
The US consortium, one of whom has done sound-tracks for Mr McLeod in the past, originally began filming experimental sequences in county – but then the idea turned into a feature-length film.
Although $1 million is a relatively small budget for a movie, Mr McLeod said he was 'shocked' when the group gave the figure.
"Last year was a good one for us – we're still reeling from that – so when they approached me my first question was 'Are you serious?'
"It's not easy to make films in Cumbria, especially with the UK Film Council gone. When we had Leslie Grantham here, he was unpaid because he loved the script.
"It's great to know that our hard work is starting to pay off."
The film, called Lost Transmission, follows the lonely adventure of Blake, captain of a mining ship, with no-one but his computer to talk to after war breaks out on Earth. But he leaves the planet to find life on other worlds.
Filming is expected to start in early 2012, and will be split between Cumbria and America.
CGI effects are already being worked on by the studio, which created a castle in the middle of Windermere in a previous flick.
Before filming begins in earnest, Mr McLeod is shooting a short promotional video with action sequences in Old Hutton.
And he is looking for '23rd century pirates' to star as extras in a fight scene on Sunday, to be led by a trained fight choreographer.
"We're seeking punks, goths and heavy rockers. Long or short hair, tattoos and piercings are a bonus but not essential. The more outrageous the look the better," said Mr McLeod.
Filming will last for between two and three hours and anyone interested can email firstname.lastname@example.com.
Participants are requested to send a head shot with their email.
Discussions with actors to play the role of Blake are still going on.
A GOVERNMENT appointed planning inspector has ruled that an ancient Lake District fell pass is out of bounds for motorised vehicles.
The decision by the Secretary of State to make Garburn Pass, between Troutbeck and Kentmere, a 'restricted byway' follows three years of legal argument.
It means that any motorist or motorcyclist using the pass is committing a criminal offence and could face serious legal consequences.
The inspector went through hundreds of pages of documents ranging from maps of 1822, guide books of the 1880s, and photographs of motorbikes using the pass in the 1920s.
The Lake District National Park Authority has also announced that thanks to around £55,000 of Government funding invested in repairs following the 2009 floods, the pass is probably in better condition than it has been for hundreds of years.
"The storms of November 2009 badly damaged both sides of the pass, especially the western side where the track effectively became a river, and most of the surface ended up on the main road," said National Park Countryside Access Adviser Nick Thorne.
"We were able to obtain significant funding under the Paths for the Public Project, funded by Defra, the Rural Development Programme for England, and Cumbria County Council. And we have now completely rebuilt the worst affected areas in three stages with the work being carried out by our own staff, the National Trust, and a local contractor."


text:
Recently added item(s)
You have no items in your shopping cart.
SKU:645.282 | Teal LEATHER
23 Review(s)
Write a Review
Forget the days of manila - this Document Envelope is the best way to keep your papers secure! Simple and stylish, it'll hold all your important documents for business or pleasure. Made from genuine leather with a nylon interior, our Document Envelope stores standard letter sized documents and paper pads, as well as photographs and special documents like financial statements or birth certificates. A magnetic snap closure on the outside keeps it tightly shut, protecting your papers from falling out. If those boring manila envelopes and file folders aren't cutting it anymore, step up to this Document Envelope - we guarantee you'll be glad you did!
Our Classico leather collection is a semi-aniline, drum dyed pebbled leather. It offers a little extra color and character, making it a good choice when you want your accessories to stand out. This full grain leather has a soft hand feel with intricate lines, giving it a distinct look from our smoother leathers like Vero and Zita. It comes in a wide variety of colors that you won't find in our other collections and has a polished finish to make them really shine. Its unique appearance and range of colors make it ideal for matching with purses, belts, or other leather items you own.
This is the third document envelope I have purchased from your company.(Red,Brown and Blue) The quality is exceptional. I purchase them as gifts for my Grandchildren and enclose stock for their special occasions. It's something they will have for a life time.
PS. Your presentation is exceptional as well.
Thank You
I really like it. I use it to keep imported documents in.
I like it. I needed something to put tmportant papers in. It does great. It's well constructed.
Excellent product! Quality merchandise and exquisite packaging. I will purchase from this company again!!!
I am very happy with all the products that I purchased from you.
Quality of product is very nice. Although the size is not what we expected. When I spoke with an agent I explained that it was for my son's legal files, as he is an attorney. And I was told that it was for legal size pads. As it turns out it does not hold legal size files. So it is basically useless to him. I am disappointed about this since it was a birthday gift to him. It is a $100.00 useless pouch to him. Can you help us? Thank you. Susan xxx-xxx-xxxx
I also purchased a wallet for my husband and we are very pleased with that item
Absolutely gorgeous!! This is the second one I buy. I first got one for myself and now that my niece is graduating law school, I thought it would be a perfect gift. Love it and would highly recommend it to anyone.
Beautiful quality. Packaging wonderful.
Beautiful! Wonderful, quality leather product and the packaging for giving as an anniversary gift to my husband is perfect. It's so nice, I kinda wish I had bought it for myself!
Recvd product & was very satisfied , came in a pouch and a very nice gift box. In short would highly recommend this product. THANKYOU
The document envelope was received in due time and appears as promised. It is a full grain leather with great color. Nicely lined with magnetic closure. Tastefully done and the workmanship is without fault, and I am a discerning buyer of leather goods. I would recommend this item to anyone looking for this rather unique type of product wanting to make an impression. I bought is as a gift; now I want one for myself.
This was the perfect gift for a special birthday. The quality and weight of the leather was perfect: substantial enough to use alone and thin enought to put into a briefcase. The hidden magnetic clasp keeps the envelope neat and the contents secure. The packaging makes a wonderful presentation, befitting for a special gift. Delivery time was quick and exactly as promised.
Very pleased. Beautifully packaged in a cloth sleeve & boxed. Quality leather.
Very nice item, very well crafted, very elegant.
Great product!
This envelope is perfect for carrying various documents to my veterans organizations meetings. It's a splurge I deserve.
Lovely piece: fine material, superb workmanship and a good price. Timely delivery at the busy season.
Beautiful leather. love the magnetic closer. I like the initials option. Made a lovely gift.
beautiful leather, soft, just wish "leatherology" was not engraved on back
Great Quality. Great company. Amazing value.
I purchased this as a third anniversary gift for my son-in-law who also has ALS and cannot open a regular I-Pad cover, with zipper. So this was purchased as an easy open I-Pad cover...and it works! He thanks you, and so do I. Lovely leather and functioning magnetic snap makes it a terrific I-Pad cover.
I loved this envelope! It was well made and everyone compliments me on it!! It was shipped quickly and came in a lovely box.
Whether you are treating yourself or giving a gift to someone else, we want you to have an amazing and memorable experience. All items will be shipped using our signature gift packaging. Depending on the type and size, your item(s) will come wrapped in our signature microsuede sleeve, drawstring bag or soft velour bag (each with black tie accents), and be packaged inside a high-density bronze gift box. You will also have the opportunity to add a personalized gift note when you place your order.
All of this extra attention to detail is complimentary.


text:
Right to Un-censor!
visit the home of The Return Of The Official Greatest Heel Column Ever
Right to Un-censor!
Not removing until these happen... or until I get bored of them...
- Zack Ryder holds his first LIVE Z True Long Island Stories on RAW
- Cm Punk, Claudio Castagnoli, Chris Hero and Colt Cabana are all signed to form C4
- More to come as I think of them
One request fullfilled.