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Midwest Living Review
It makes perfect sense to us that Kohler Company should offer a luxury spa, and overall, it is a solid experience. It's all about wellness through water, and both the facility and service menu reflect that philosophy. In summer 2010, a renovation introduced four new signature water treatment rooms, all decked out with the latest, most innovative Kohler bath products. Brand new and exclusive to the Kohler Waters Spa is the new Kohler Custom Vichy shower, unlike any other vichy shower in the world. The body-length, overhead wand is armed with six Kohler rainshower tiles and computer operated, leaving the therapist's hands free to work on you. The Lavender Rain specialty treatment starts with a eucalyptus and lavender exfoliation, followed by a lavender infused wrap, the warm vichy shower, and a full-body moisturizer -- and you never have to get up off the bed. The Acoustic Bath treatment features VibrAcoustic technology by Kohler, a unique and apparently therapeutic blend of music and sound vibration -- and a total trip. It's hard to keep your eyes closed and relaxed when there are so many fun Kohler products to look at, but not impossible. The jaw-dropping focal point of the spa itself is the waterfall feature, spilling into a narrow pool lined with comfortable chaises. Slip into a robe and sit poolside with a spa lunch, or linger in the plunge pool, the whirlpool, the steam room and sauna for as long as you wish. Upstairs in the lobby is a gift shop with a full line of make-up and Kohler signature bath and body products, several lounges, a small but well-equipped fitness center, and a mini nail and hair salon with a smattering of Aveda products.
The only thing we wish we could change about the experience was the relatively hard sell of products at the end of our treatments; our facial technician spent a fair amount of time talking about the imperfections in our skin and trying hard to persuade us that we'd see an improvement if we bought the products she recommended. The approach took away from the relaxing vibe of the spa; we'd rather leave feeling beautiful and rested.


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Microsoft doesn't allow developers to self-publish their games on the Xbox 360, nor will it be allowed on the Xbox One. There's been much talk about this limitation, but few really understand what it means, or why that decision not only screws over indies on the Xbox One, but the PlayStation 4 and PC as well. Microsoft, in one very broad stroke, has made it much harder for smaller developers to operate in gaming as a whole.
You need to either pay us, or pay them
To explain why, I caught up with Brian Provinciano, who released the game Retro City Rampage on damned near every service and console there is. He gave an illuminating talk about what he learned from the experience, and he's become an outspoken critic of Microsoft's policies. His platform summary for Xbox Live Arcade was short, and to the point: "Most expensive, a bottleneck, damaged PR, hindered other platforms' success."
"Self-publishing basically means that the developer can release their game directly to the stores without a middleman," Provinciano explained. "We're able to sign straight distribution agreements with them, we get a simple revshare, and that's that." The problem is that Microsoft does not allow developers to self-publish, you have to have a third-party publisher, or you can be published by Microsoft Studios.
So you have to pitch Microsoft Studios if you want to be on Xbox Live Arcade, and the negotiations and contract portion of this process can take six to nine months, according to Provinciano, if not more.
"Like any publisher, Microsoft Studios takes more from you than a simple platform revshare," he said. "In addition to their publisher cut, Microsoft Studios also requires at minimum a timed exclusivity, so you won't be able to release on other platforms day one."
So you end up with less of the revenue for yourself, Microsoft gets a cut as the publisher and the platform holder, and you have to be exclusive to the platform for a set amount of time. Or you can go through a third-party publisher, since Microsoft will only allow companies that release retail games to have slots on Xbox Live.
Microsoft's push for an all-digital future is fine, but if you're an all-digital company? You better find a publisher who does release retail games, and be willing to give them a cut of your revenue if you want to release your game on Xbox Live. It's a hopelessly backwards system.
Paying to avoid exclusivity
But you can go with a third-party publisher for your Xbox Live release if you want to avoid being forced into timed exclusivity. Here's the catch: Most publishers can't, or won't, sign a deal to publish just on Xbox Live. They want a cut of everything your game sells, on every platform.
"They feel that if they're publishing your game, they want to be the end-all-be-all publisher," Provinciano said. "They want to publish all platforms, even those which you could self-publish on."
"Long story short, this means that on all other platforms, you're needlessly giving a chunk of your revshare to a publisher for nothing more than the ability to get your game onto Xbox and the freedom to release on the other platforms, which you can already self-publish on, at the same time," he stated.
Think about how ****ed up this situation is: small developers end up in a situation where they have topay a third-party company to avoid Xbox exclusivity. Or they can avoid Microsoft's system altogether, leading to fans complaining that the game isn't on their favorite platform. Both the developers and the fans lose due to Microsoft's arbitrary rules.
"The average consumer assumes Microsoft's paying developers for exclusivity, when NOT ONLY is that NOT the case, it's completely flipped around. Developers are essentially the ones paying to AVOID exclusivity," Provinciano explained, emphasis his. "Developers get a lot of negative PR and hate from fans when they announce that their game is coming to Xbox first. Fans slam developers for taking 'money bags' instead of supporting other platforms, which as you can see isn't what's going on at all. Many consumers perceive this as developers choosing Xbox because it's 'the better platform.' That's the intention."
Other developers are talking openly about their disgust with Microsoft's policies, including Oddworld Inhabitants' Lorne Lanning. Sony put the latest version of Oddworld in its presentation, while Microsoft won't let the game on the Xbox One unless Lanning is willing to bring in a company and give them a chunk of the profits.
Here's the problem: The game has no need for a publisher. "Why do we need a publisher when we self-finance our games, we build our own IP, we manage our own IP and we've turned nearly two million units online as indie publishers sold - not free downloads?" Lanning asked in an interview with Eurogamer. "Why? What's wrong with us?" Right now the game simply isn't coming to the Xbox One.
This policy has other unintended consequences, with publishers often "renting" their Xbox Live slotsto smaller developers for a straight payment. That system only works because Microsoft has created artificial scarcity with their online games, with rules that are designed to benefit big publishers.
You have to pay someone a cut of your revenue if you want to release on an Xbox platform, even if you have zero need for any of the goods or services being provided. Microsoft has it basically mobbed up: You need to pay a tithe to Microsoft Studios or a third-party developer if you want to be on the platform, and it's likely to cost you more money to avoid Xbox Live exclusivity. The digital future Microsoft is promising only applies when they want to limit how you play your games, if you're a purely digital company bringing your games to the Xbox One, it's going to cost you.
Microsoft stands alone
Regardless of Microsoft's promises at E3, the Xbox One remains a console that is openly hostile to smaller developers and indies. Sony threw a party at GDC to celebrate its relationship with smaller developers, inviting notable smaller developers and personalities to mingle and play games.
Sony's Adam Boyes listed the PlayStation 4's policies like the company was throwing down the gauntlet: Indies are allowed to publish their own games, so the only money paid out to Sony is the standard cut for the platform holder. You can update your game for free, as patches won't cost anything. If you have a good game and can't afford a dev kit, Sony will hook you up.
Microsoft's response: Why change what wasn't working? The system stacks the deck against smaller developers, and helps big publishers dip their beak into the work of indies who don't actually need their help. Microsoft is setting up a number of roadblocks to releasing your game on their service, and they're taking money away from indies in exchange for "services" they don't need. Developers are beginning to speak out against the practice, and many are simply turning their back on the Xbox One.
"Alternatively, when self-publishing on Nintendo or PlayStation for example, you simply make your game, submit it into their system, submit it into certification, get your full revshare and that's about it," Provinciano said. Smaller developers increasingly don't need publishers, although Microsoft is trying to bully them into signing with one anyway.
After talking with a variety of small developers and, while many aren't comfortable with directly critcizing Microsoft, nearly all of them expressed their appreciation for Sony's approach. It allows them to make more money, to maintain control of their games, and to continue doing business. Microsoft's policy may make sense now, but it's only going to hurt them in the long run, as more developers speak out and leave Microsoft's platforms altogether.
It's time for the Redmond giant to realize the world has changed, and to change its policies in response. Forcing smaller developers to lose part of their profits and freedom to publishers just to be on your console is backwards, wrong, and borderline corrupt.
Source: http://www.penny-arc...g-with-publishe
We managed to change DRM, lets change this stupid policy next.

subset: commoncrawl


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Close to the end of The Thing (2011), Kate Lloyd burns the snow vehicle (or did she blow it up, one of the two). After that we are left to our own devices on her fate. Was this intended for us to believe that she died out there from exposure, or was this supposed to be an opening left for another movie, or did this serve some other purpose?
I didn't think that Kate blew up the snowbile. I believe she torched her boyfriend and rode off. I assumed that she survived, and was not infected. The way the movie ended though with the helicopter pilot and Lars chasing down the infected dog, was interesting.
I only use infected here to refer to not being real and as being the thing. The movie was fun and worth many a watch.
If Kate supposedly survived the Thing's existence and even made it back to civilization or another Artic Camp for help, she would be able to warn others of her experience. If she died, then the chance for a sequel would be slim. Unless...and here is your possible sequel to the prequel of the original story: All that happened during the John Carpenter film took place before she could make her way back to civilization or for "Help", and the sequel can pick up at the end of the Carpenter film with teams arriving and finding Childs and Macready either frozen or waiting in the fire. Sorry for the Rantyness...


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A polar bear in drifting and unconsolidated sea ice in Kane Basin, off Cape Clay, at a position of 79 57.359N 064 51.120W. Polar bears cannot survive without sea ice, using it to raise their young, to travel and as a platform for hunting seals - their primary food source. This bear appeared to be in healthy condition, however the species is threatened with extinction because climate change is causing its sea ice habitat to melt away rapidly.
© © Nick Cobbing / Greenpeace
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Posts tagged Sony Reader commercial
TV Commercials Featuring E-Readers
November 9, 2012 | 8:52 pm
By Dan Eldridge
Did you catch Barnes & Noble's new 30-second TV spot for the Nook HD tablet? Along with the device itself, the commercial launched yesterday. And although it's a bit too sickly sweet for my taste (scroll to the bottom of the post to see it yourself), I was intrigued by a brief item about the commercial on the Good E-Reader blog; it pointed out that aside from B&N, Amazon is the only other stateside tablet and e-reader company that has also chosen to push its tech products via television advertising. (Assuming you don't count Apple, that is.) I have no idea how many Kindle commercials have been produced, but I did...


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16 March 2013
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"Sod the wine, I want to suck on the writing. This man White is an instinctive writer, bloody rare to find one who actually pulls it off, as in still gets a meaning across with concision. Sharp arbitrage of speed and risk, closest thing I can think of to Cicero's 'motus continuum animi.'
Probably takes a drink or two to connect like that: he literally paints his senses on the page."
DBC Pierre (Vernon God Little, Ludmila's Broken English, Lights Out In Wonderland ... Winner: Booker prize; Whitbread prize; Bollinger Wodehouse Everyman prize; James Joyce Award from the Literary & Historical Society of University College Dublin)
"Taste is first and foremost distaste - disgust and visceral intolerance of the taste of others". PIERRE BOURDIEU
"Relishing the power concealment brings, I refuse to hide." PHILIP WHITE
or tweet @whiteswine
Hit the image above to confound yourself with some of the most complex geology of any vignoble on Earth. This is not a soil map. In Australia, soil is rarely more than a metre deep: it's dandruff. The roots of your flavour are in the skull beneath! This map is available in various formats from the Department of Primary Industries and Resources South Australia. Click here to read how it happened.
Ultimately, people aren't supposed to live in the desert "I truly believe that human beings in mass should not be living in environments like that, because they do nothing but destroy it. There's no benefit to us being there… except getting a tan or something, maybe solar energy. Tucson is dealing with the fact that their water supply is supposed to only last for another 20 years or something, so they'll have to divert another river to the city. There are no wild rivers left in
"After enough years newspapermen begin to pall on other newspapermen; they begin to take their good qualities for granted and wince at their shortcomings, of which the most common are a vanity that sometimes borders on the thespian and a sort of perpetual mental adolescence that I think stems from starting a fresh story every day or every week or month and never having time to get to the bottom of anything. They forget that newspapermen as a class have a yearning for truth as involuntary as a hophead's addiction to junk. The question of whether the junkie really loves hop is academic; he can't get along without it. A newspaperman may write a lie to hold his job, but he won't believe it, and the necessity outrages him so that he craves truth all the more thereafter. A few newspapermen lie to get on in the world, but it outrages them, too, and I have never known a dishonest journalist who wasn't patently an unhappy bastard."
A.J. Liebling,
war correspondent,
New Yorker,
January 1942.
"Chook's got really bad taste in clothes. It's quite confronting first thing in the morning the day after visiting 57 wineries, breweries, restaurants and bottle shops. But the reality is that no-one besides Chook could actually get you to those 57 events in one day (and pick you up from the airport), and if you want to back it up and try the remaining 482 attractions in the area you know you have to put up with the cringeworthy (but matching) vest and bowtie. Oh, and Chook only seems to like two types of music - country and western. This is best dealt with by letting Chook do what he does best (take you to the best wineries in a fastidiously timely manner and introduce you to his winemaking mates) and just getting so smashed that you can't remember how bad his music was ... Mrs Chook helps out too and she's much easier on the eye. Oh and be warned, Mr Chook senior occasionally jumps on board to get free trips to the TAB, so make sure you have some good tips on the nags ... Also, be careful about discussing your onanistic tendencies (who cares if you're lefthanded?) during your winetastings - Mrs Chook is not always as completely out of earshot as you might think she is ... Overall it's very obvious that Chook has absolutely no concern about your liver. But if you want friendly service, appropriate 'space', good advice, and patience with a smile, then get Chook to drive you all around the McLaren Vale!"
Trip Advisor: Smicko1 Perth, August 2012
Chook's Little Winery Tours
0414 922 200
"Take the hair", it is well written,
"of the dog by which you're bitten.
Work off one wine by his brother,
chase one poison with another".
Antiphanes, 479BC
"Stay me with flagons, comfort me with apples: for I am sick of love." Sheba to Solomon, Song of Songs, which is Solomon's, ch2v5
From ROBERTO - WINE EXPO - Alternate Reality Theater: If Robert Parker had been a Music Critic
A recent discussion in the store with a self proclaimed "wine headhunter" who only wanted to talk about wines that had been scored 95/100 or above by America's most influential / misdirected / irrelevant to your everyday wine with dinner and friends wine scribe got us thinking.......Our friend reacted fairly violently when we characterized the Zinfandels that would be Port made by Mr. Parker's personal "Wine Goddess" as being like "A drag queen in the middle of a great production of Carmen, totally over the top and not really germane to the context (dinner!)" which led us to think about the sort of ratings RPjr might give some of our favorite musicians:
John Lee Hooker "It Serves you Right to Suffer"
(MCAD 12025 re-issue of the classic 1965 LP)
"Strangely rustic, a throwback to another era before the advent of modern studio wizardry which could have given this original version of "Sugar Mama" the power and intensity later achieved by Foghat in their cover version. This listener had figured out by the fourth track ("You're Wrong") that Mr. Hooker seems to be in a bad mood, yet he went on for another 20 minutes with titles like 'Money' (he doesn't have any) and 'Serves you right to suffer' 68/100." To which the only possible response is "Boom! Boom!! Boom!!! How! How!! How!!! Boogie Chillin! It's in ya and it's GOT to come out!"
James Brown avec les JBs!!! "Love Power Peace"
live in Paris 1971 (Polydor 314-513-389-2)
"While certainly heartfelt, Mr. Brown's tortured vocal performance could benefit greatly from the modern production techniques that bring such inner consistency and radio-friendly textures to New World Soul Crooners like Michael Bolton and George Michael. The back-up band, while certainly capable, seems bent on endlessly repeating fairly simple rhythmic patterns (called "grooves") that appear to have stirred up the French audience but lack any real complexity..72/100, not recommended." To which we reply "Yo Mama! Get on the Good Foot, Hit me Maceo!"
And some not so favorite musicians: The Music Advocate Pick 'o the Month
Judas Priest Greatest Hits "Breakin the Law, a tribute to Beavis and Butthead"
"Intense, complex, ponderous, with oodles and oodles of layered slabs of hot molten metal guitar and primal scream vocals seamlessly integrated in backward masking that just might drive you to suicide!" 99/100!!!!!!!!!!
(for Laurence Smulders
4 April 1932 - 28 June 1997)
Some go without any money,
Some go without any clothes;
Some go like ants stuck in honey,
Some go where nobody goes.
Philip White
"Ale, especially that made from barley, clogs the sinews, causes headache and congestion of the head, yet it overstimulates the action of the kidneys, and, when drunk to excess, lowers the temperature. That, however, which is brewed from wheat, and is flavoured with mint and parsley, is judged better for everybody. Still, in the case of persons exposed to the sun's heat, in feverish conditions and sultry weather, its use is inadvisable."From The Science Of Dining – A Medieval Treatise on the Hygiene of the Table and the Laws of Health, translated from the Latin by Arthur S. Way D. Lit, MacMillan, 1936. Previous translation The Schoolmaster, 1583. Original text from Mohammed ibn Zakariya al Razi, Arabic medical writer (865-925AD).


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After speaking with a couple staff members here, there was mention that they couldn't access the UNL site for a period of time to view the UNL closing info concerning the snow days on Monday and Tuesday. I assume that is because many UNL employees and students were all trying to bring up the main splash page/news page at once.
It might be a good idea to have a function where all UNL sites have an area that can be altered centrally that displays emergency information. I'm just thinking if the UNL site can be brought down by too many people seeking information, that if every individual department could carry the same message, it could spread out the traffic to several sites instead of just one.


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STUDENTS from around the globe are making Ambleside their home after enrolling on the University of Cumbria's first ever international course.
Outdoor enthusiasts from countries including China, Australia and Germany are among the 17 students spending the Autumn term in the Lake District as part of their masters in Transcultural European Outdoor Studies.
The qualification is the first of its kind and is being run by the university, Germany's University of Marburg and Norway's School of Sport Sciences.
Course leader Dr. Christopher Loynes said: "Within this time frame, our ambition is to make the course a coveted choice for people interested in pursuing a career in the outdoor field. We also aim to develop tight links with non-European universities and make the course truly global. Eventually, we plan to make the course financially self-sustaining through the charging of student fees."
The course will be funded by the European Commission for the next five years and once students have left Ambleside in the New Year they will spend their next two terms at the other institutions.
While some of the students area already experienced in outdoor studies, for many this is a new area of knowledge and expertise.
Katerina Pata from Greece, who previously studied to be a pre-school teacher, said:"I couldn't find a relevant masters course in Greece and applied for courses elsewhere in Europe. I liked this course because I get a chance to go to three different countries and learn various approaches to the subject. My goal is to make the concept of outdoor learning more prominent in my country and create my own outdoor kindergarten."
However, others come to the course with a lot of experience like Wilson Wai Yin Cheung who is a former president of the mountaineering association of Hong Kong.
The students, who come from 15 countries, will be living in university accommodation in Ambleside and learning the theoretical knowledge and practical qualifications necessary to be successful outdoor industry professionals.
During their first semester they will undertake two week-long hiking expeditions, one in the Scottish Highlands and one in the Lake District and a week-long canoeing trip.
ZANY Steven Hall is urging people to vote for him after he performs in front of millions of TV viewers on Britain's Got Talent tonight.
The 53-year-old telecommunications engineer will represent Cumbria when he takes to the stage for the live semi-final with a new dance routine.
Having taken the nation by storm with his eclectic two-minute act, which saw him perform a dance to The Birdy Song, The Macarena and The Twist, he has become an overnight success.
He has gained more than 1.5 million views on YouTube and more than a thousand fans on his official Facebook site.
So, what has he got lined up for the biggest performances of his life tonight?
"It was said: 'How am I going to follow that?' Because the element of surprise has gone," he said.
"So I have taken what everybody said they would expect me to do next and not done it."
Life has changed for the Burneside Amateur Theatrical Society member since he gained three 'yes' votes from Amanda Holden, Michael McIntyre and David Hasselhoff, and a standing ovation from the Liverpool crowd.
"It was the second best experience of my life, but I can't tell you the first one," he jokes.
"Since then, it has been so busy I haven't had time to think about it.
"I have been to London several times for interviews and rehearsals."
Having performed in theatres across the Lake District, Steven set up Comedy Showtime two years ago, a five-person act that puts on performances across the region.
From this, a 10-minute dance evolved which came to form the basis of his BGT audition.
If Steven is successful tonight, he will make it through to Saturday's live final.
If victorious in the final, he will perform in front of The Queen at The Royal Variety Performance and win £100,000.
"I am nervous and confident about tonight," he said.
"Nervous because Simon Cowell is back on the show and he is held in such anticipation about what he has thought of the acts that have gone through while he's been away.
"But I am confident of my routine. I'm looking forward to it."
3:34pm Wednesday 6th April 2011
GARDENERS' World presenter Carol Klein has been confirmed as the special guest at The Holker Garden Festival June 3 and 5.


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Some people are never satisfied. These sorts of people would probably get tired of having Wolfgang Puck for a personal chef, Nicole Kidman for a girlfriend, or a C5 convertible for an everyday driver. In some respects I can relate to that; my personal credo is "wretched excess is barely adequate." However, thinking large is one thing, living large is something else. It's like going from the Triple A minors to the Big Leagues of extremism.
Most people find a C5 to be an impressive sports/grand touring car as delivered. Add an exhaust, a higher flow induction setup, maybe some custom wheels and stickier-than-runflats rubber and it's close to perfect. The more outr elements will congregate around the Z06-it's hard to beat that extra 40 to 55 horsepower (depending on which years of Z06 and C5 we're comparing), plus recalibrated and substantially better suspension, bigger and much grippier tires-more than adequate for almost everyone, but...
There's still that lunatic fringe. We know of one SoCal extremist who is currently putting the wraps on his seven-liter (!) '02 Z06. Katech is now offering a 585hp street version of the 7.0L race engines they build for the C5-Rs. Then there's San Diego, California's Larry Hofer and his personal vision of Big League extremism-an 8.1 liter (that's 496 cubic-inches for the metrically-challenged), big-block-powered '99 convertible. Looks like extremism just got ratcheted up a notch or two.
If Larry's moniker or this trait of shoehorning big-blocks into late-model Vettes sounds familiar, it's because one of his earlier endeavors, a Rat-motored C4, found its way onto the pages of VETTE about four years ago. And like that prior escapade, the work was done almost entirety at Hofer's business, fittingly (but not especially creatively) named The Corvette Shop.
This latest bout of madness began in June of 2000 when Hofer bought a slightly used '99 C5 from a customer. The ragtop packed an MN6 six-speed, was painted Navy Blue Metallic, and trimmed with a Light Oak interior and soft top. A nice, elegant combination. It proved to be, in Larry's words, "a very nice driver, very quiet, smooth, and would go quick as long as you buzzed the engine." The downside, at least from this extremist's perspective, was, "the lack of acceleration in fifth and sixth gears. No torque. After driving a C4 with 500hp and 450 lb-ft of torque for several years, the C5 was boring."
Then, through a friend, Larry heard about a new derivative of the venerable big-blocks that dated back to 1965, an 8.1 liter monster that was destined to be a 2001 offering in Chevy Silverado and GMC Sierra heavy-duty pickups and medium-duty trucks. In their 2001 model year Powertrain press releases, GM described the Vortec 8100 V-8 as "a new, highly refined big-block V-8...the legendary GM big-block for the new millenium." Hofer saw the same sort of individual coil-near-spark-plug ignition setup as on the LS1, meaning some sort of crank or cam sensor for igniting the fuel and air charges, and thus the possibility of computer compatibility-a major, perhaps insurmountable, problem with a conventional 454 or a 502 like Performance Parts markets in several forms. As a result, he saw the potential of swapping one of these torque monsters into his C5.


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Erosion is the carrying away or displacement of solids (sediment, soil, rock and other particles) usually by the agents of currents such as, wind, water, or ice by downward or down-slope movement in response to gravity or by living organisms (in the case of bioerosion).
Erosion is distinguished from weathering, which is the process of chemical or physical breakdown of the minerals in the rocks, although the two processes may be concurrent.
Erosion is a noticeable intrinsic natural process but in many places it is increased by human land use. Poor land use practices include deforestation, overgrazing, unmanaged construction activity and road-building. Land that is used for the production of agricultural crops generally experiences a significant greater rate of erosion than that of land under natural vegetation. This is particularly true if tillage is used, which reduces vegetation cover on the surface of the soil and disturbs both soil structure and plant roots that would otherwise hold the soil in place. However, improved land use practices can limit erosion, using techniques such as terrace-building, conservation tillage practices, and tree planting.
A certain amount of erosion is natural and, in fact, healthy for the ecosystem. For example, gravels continuously move downstream in watercourses. Excessive erosion, however, does cause problems, such as receiving water sedimentation, ecosystem damage and outright loss of soil.
The rate of erosion depends on many factors. Climatic factors include the amount and intensity of precipitation, the average temperature, as well as the typical temperature range, and seasonality, the wind speed, storm frequency. The geologic factors include the sediment or rock type, its porosity and permeability, the slope (gradient) of the land, and if the rocks are tilted, faulted, folded, or weathered. The biological factors include ground cover from vegetation or lack thereof, the type of organisms inhabiting the area, and the land use.
In general, given vegetation and ecosystems, you expect areas with high-intensity precipitation, more frequent rainfall, more wind, or more storms to have more erosion. Sediment with high sand or silt contents and areas with steep slopes erode more easily, as do areas with highly fractured or weathered rock. Porosity and permeability of the sediment or rock affect the speed with which the water can percolate into the ground. If the water moves underground, less runoff is generated, reducing the amount of surface erosion. Sediment containing more clay tend to erode less than those with sand or silt. Here, however, the impact of atmospheric sodium on erodibility of clay should be considered.
The factor that is most subject to change is the amount and type of ground cover. In an undisturbed forest, the mineral soil is protected by a litter layer and an organic layer. These two layers protect the soil by absorbing the impact of rain drops. These layers and the underlaying soil in a forest is porous and highly permeable to rainfall. Typically only the most severe rainfall and large hailstorm events will lead to overland flow in a forest. If the trees are removed by fire or logging, infiltration rates remain high and erosion low to the degree the forest floor remains intact. Severe fires can lead to significantly increased erosion if followed by heavy rainfall. In the case of construction or road building when the litter layer is removed or compacted the susceptibility of the soil to erosion is greatly increased.
Roads are especially likely to cause increased rates of erosion because, in addition to removing ground cover, they can significantly change drainage patterns especially if an embankment has been made to support the road. A road that has a lot of rock and one that is "hydrologically invisible" (that gets the water off the road as quickly as possible, mimicking natural drainage patterns) has the best chance of not causing increased erosion.
Many human activities remove vegetation from an area, making the soil easily eroded. Logging can cause increased erosion rates due to soil compaction, exposure of mineral soil, for example roads and landings. However it is the removal of or compromise to the forest floor not the removal of the canopy that can lead to erosion. This is because rain drops striking tree leaves coalesce with other rain drops creating larger drops. When these larger drops fall (called throughfall) they again may reach terminal velocity and strike the ground with more energy then had they fallen in the open. Terminal velocity of rain drops is reached in about 8 meters. Because forest canopies are usually higher than this, leaf drop can regain terminal velocity. However, the intact forest floor, with its layers of leaf litter and organic matter, absorbs the impact of the rainfall.
Heavy grazing can reduce vegetation enough to increase erosion. Changes in the kind of vegetation in an area can also affect erosion rates. Different kinds of vegetation lead to different infiltration rates of rain into the soil. Forested areas have higher infiltration rates, so precipitation will result in less surface runoff, which erodes. Instead much of the water will go in subsurface flows, which are generally less erosive. Leaf litter and low shrubs are an important part of the high infiltration rates of forested systems, the removal of which can increase erosion rates. Leaf litter also shelters the soil from the impact of falling raindrops, which is a significant agent of erosion. Vegetation can also change the speed of surface runoff flows, so grasses and shrubs can also be instrumental in this aspect.
One of the main causes of erosive soil loss in the year 2006 is the result of slash and burn treatment of tropical forest. When the total ground surface is stripped of vegetation and then seared of all living organisms, the upper soils are vulnerable to both wind and water erosion. In a number of regions of the earth, entire sectors of a country have been rendered unproductive. For example, on the Madagascar high central plateau, comprising approximately ten percent of that country's land area, virtually the entire landscape is sterile of vegetation, with gully erosive furrows typically in excess of 50 meters deep and one kilometer wide. Shifting cultivation is a farming system which sometimes incorporates the slash and burn method in some regions of the world. This degrades the soil and causes the soil to become less and less fertile.
When land is overused by animal activities (including humans), there can be mechanical erosion and also removal of vegetation leading to erosion. In the case of the animal kingdom, this effect would become material primarily with very large animal herds stampeding such as the Blue Wildebeest on the Serengeti plain. Even in this case there are broader material benefits to the ecosystem, such as continuing the survival of grasslands, that are indigenous to this region. This effect may be viewed as anomalous or a problem only when there is a significant imbalance or overpopulation of one species.
In the case of human use, the effects are also generally linked to overpopulation. For when large numbers of hikers use trails or extensive off road vehicle use occurs, erosive effects often follow, arising from vegetation removal and furrowing of foot traffic and off road vehicle tires. These effects can also accumulate from a variety of outdoor human activities, again simply arising from too many people using a finite land resource.
One of the most serious and long-running water erosion problems worldwide is in the People's Republic of China, on the middle reaches of the Yellow River and the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. From the Yellow River, over 1.6 billion tons of sediment flows into the ocean each year. The sediment originates primarily from water erosion in the Loess Plateau region of the northwest.
Slumping happens on steep hillsides, occurring along distinct fracture zones, often within materials like clay that, once released, may move quite rapidly downhill. They will often show a spoon-shaped isostatic depression, in which the material has begun to slide downhill. In some cases, the slump is caused by water beneath the slope weakening it. In many cases it is simply the result of poor engineering along highways where it is a regular occurrence.
Surface creep is the slow movement of soil and rock debris by gravity which is usually not perceptible except through extended observation. However, the term can also describe the rolling of dislodged soil particles 0.5 to 1.0 mm in diameter by wind along the soil surface.
Splash erosion is the detachment and airborne movement of small soil particles caused by the impact of raindrops on soil.
Sheet erosion is the detachment of soil particles by raindrop impact and their removal downslope by water flowing overland as a sheet instead of in definite channels or rills. The impact of the raindrop breaks apart the soil aggregate. Particles of clay, silt and sand fill the soil pores and reduce infiltration. After the surface pores are filled with sand, silt or clay, overland surface flow of water begins due to the lowering of infiltration rates. Once the rate of falling rain is faster than infiltration, runoff takes place. There are two stages of sheet erosion. The first is rain splash, in which soil particles are knocked into the air by raindrop impact. In the second stage, the loose particles are moved downslope by broad sheets of rapidly flowing water filled with sediment known as sheetfloods. This stage of sheet erosion is generally produced by cloudbursts, sheetfloods commonly travel short distances and last only for a short time.
Rill erosion refers to the development of small, ephemeral concentrated flow paths, which function as both sediment source and sediment delivery systems for erosion on hillslopes. Generally, where water erosion rates on disturbed upland areas are greatest, rills are active. Flow depths in rills are typically on the order of a few centimeters or less and slopes may be quite steep. These conditions constitute a very different hydraulic environment than typically found in channels of streams and rivers. Eroding rills evolve morphologically in time and space. The rill bed surface changes as soil erodes, which in turn alters the hydraulics of the flow. The hydraulics is the driving mechanism for the erosion process, and therefore dynamically changing hydraulic patterns cause continually changing erosional patterns in the rill. Thus, the process of rill evolution involves a feedback loop between flow detachment, hydraulics, and bed form. Flow velocity, depth, width, hydraulic roughness, local bed slope, friction slope, and detachment rate are time and space variable functions of the rill evolutionary process. Superimposed on these interactive processes, the sediment load, or amount of sediment in the flow, has a large influence on soil detachment rates in rills. As sediment load increases, the ability of the flowing water to detach more sediment decreases.
Where precipitation rates exceed soil infiltration rates, runoff occurs. Surface runoff turbulence can often cause more erosion than the initial raindrop impact.
Gully erosion results where water flows along a linear depression eroding a trench or gully. This is particularly noticeable in the formation of hollow ways, where, prior to being tarmacked, an old rural road has over many years become significantly lower than the surrounding fields.
Valley or stream erosion occurs with continued water flow along a linear feature. The erosion is both downward, deepening the valley, and headward, extending the valley into the hillside. In the earliest stage of stream erosion, the erosive activity is dominantly vertical, the valleys have a typical V cross-section and the stream gradient is relatively steep. When some base level is reached, the erosive activity switches to lateral erosion, which widens the valley floor and creates a narrow floodplain. The stream gradient becomes nearly flat, and lateral deposition of sediments becomes important as the stream meanders across the valley floor. In all stages of stream erosion, by far the most erosion occurs during times of flood, when more and faster-moving water is available to carry a larger sediment load. In such processes, it is not the water alone that erodes: suspended abrasive particles, pebbles and boulders can also act erosively as they traverse a surface.
At extremely high flows, kolks, or vortices are formed by large volumes of rapidly rushing water. Kolks cause extreme local erosion, plucking bedrock and creating pothole-type geographical features called Rock-cut basins. Examples can be seen in the flood regions result from glacial Lake Missoula, which created the channeled scablands in the Columbia Basin region of eastern Washington.
Shoreline erosion, which occurs on both exposed and sheltered coasts, primarily occurs through the action of currents and waves but sea level (tidal) change can also play a role.
Hydraulic action takes place when air in a joint is suddenly compressed by a wave closing the entrance of the joint. This then cracks it. Wave pounding is when the sheer energy of the wave hitting the cliff or rock breaks pieces off. Abrasion or corrasion is caused by waves launching seaload at the cliff. It is the most effective and rapid form of shoreline erosion (not to be confused with corrosion). Corrosion is the dissolving of rock by carbonic acid in sea water. Limestone cliffs are particularly vulnerable to this kind of erosion. Attrition is where particles/seaload carried by the waves are worn down as they hit each other and the cliffs. This then makes the material easier to wash away. The material ends up as shingle and sand. Another significant source of erosion, particularly on carbonate coastlines, is the boring, scraping and grinding of organisms, a process termed bioerosion.
Sediment is transported along the coast in the direction of the prevailing current (longshore drift). When the upcurrent amount of sediment is less than the amount being carried away, erosion occurs. When the upcurrent amount of sediment is greater, sand or gravel banks will tend to form. These banks may slowly migrate along the coast in the direction of the longshore drift, alternately protecting and exposing parts of the coastline. Where there is a bend in the coastline, quite often a build up of eroded material occurs forming a long narrow bank (a spit). armored beaches and submerged offshore sandbanks may also protect parts of a coastline from erosion. Over the years, as the shoals gradually shift, the erosion may be redirected to attack different parts of the shore.
Cold weather causes water trapped in tiny rock cracks to freeze and expand, breaking the rock into several pieces. This can lead to gravity erosion on steep slopes. The scree which forms at the bottom of a steep mountainside is mostly formed from pieces of rock (soil) broken away by this means. It is a common engineering problem wherever rock cliffs are alongside roads, because morning thaws can drop hazardous rock pieces onto the road.
In some places, water seeps into rocks during the daytime, then freezes at night. Ice expands, thus, creating a wedge in the rock. Over time, the repetition in the forming and melting of the ice causes fissures, which eventually breaks the rock down.
Wind erosion is the result of material movement by the wind. There are two main effects. First, wind causes small particles to be lifted and therefore moved to another region. This is called deflation. Second, these suspended particles may impact on solid objects causing erosion by abrasion (ecological succession).
Wind erosion generally occurs in areas with little or no vegetation, often in areas where there is insufficient rainfall to support vegetation. An example is the formation of sand dunes, on a beach or in a desert. Windbreaks (such as big trees and bushes) are often planted by farmers to reduce wind erosion.
The consensus of atmospheric scientists is that climate change is occurring, both in terms of global air temperature and precipitation patterns. Warmer atmospheric temperatures associated with greenhouse warming are expected to lead to a more vigorous hydrological cycle, including more extreme rainfall events. In 1998 Karl and Knight reported that from 1910 to 1996 total precipitation over the contiguous U.S. increased, and that 53% of the increase came from the upper 10% of precipitation events (the most intense precipitation). The percent of precipitation coming from days of precipitation in excess of 50 mm has also increased significantly.
Studies on soil erosion suggest that increased rainfall amounts and intensities will lead to greater rates of erosion. Thus, if rainfall amounts and intensities increase in many parts of the world as expected, erosion will also increase, unless amelioration measures are taken. Soil erosion rates are expected to change in response to changes in climate for a variety of reasons. The most direct is the change in the erosive power of rainfall. Other reasons include: a) changes plant canopy caused by shifts in plant biomass production associated with moisture regime; b) changes in litter cover on the ground caused by changes in both plant residue decomposition rates driven by temperature and moisture dependent soil microbial activity as well as plant biomass production rates; c) changes in soil moisture due to shifting precipitation regimes and evapo-transpiration rates, which changes infiltration and runoff ratios; d) soil erodibility changes due to decrease in soil organic matter concentrations in soils that lead to a soil structure that is more susceptible to erosion and increased runoff due to increased soil surface sealing and crusting; e) a shift of winter precipitation from non-erosive snow to erosive rainfall due to increasing winter temperatures; f) melting of permafrost, which induces an erodible soil state from a previously non-erodible one; and g) shifts in land use made necessary to accommodate new climatic regimes.
Studies by Pruski and Nearing indicated that, other factors such as land use not considered, we can expect approximately a 1.7% change in soil erosion for each 1% change in total precipitation under climate change.
In hard particle erosion, the hardness of the impacted material is a large factor in the mechanics of the erosion. A soft material will typically erode fastest from glancing impacts. Harder material will typically erode fastest from perpendicular impacts. Hardness is a correlative factor for erosion resistance, but a higher hardness does not guarantee better resistance. Factors that affect the erosion rate also include impacting particle speed, size, density, hardness, and rotation. Coatings can be applied to retard erosion, but normally can only slow the removal of material. Erosion rate for solid particle impact is typically measured as mass of material removed divided by the mass of impacting material.


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Product Details
- Brand: PAPYRUS
- Contents: 1 Gift bag
- Size: 9 in. x 7 in. x 4 in. (22.9 cm x 17.8 cm x 10.2 cm)
- Process: Glitter, gems, tip-ons, satin ribbon handles
- Other: Available exclusively at PAPYRUS
PAPYRUS believes that life is a celebration.
Our fabulous selection of greeting cards, custom invitations, stationery, gift wrap & more are perfect for any occasion.


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LAS VEGAS - Chevrolet unveiled five dramatic Camaro concepts at the annual automotive aftermarket extravaganza known as the SEMA Convention, each representing a different vision of style, personalization and performance.
The Camaro concept vehicles include:
* A race-ready, twin-turbocharged V-6 concept built for talk show host and auto enthusiast Jay Leno
* The Camaro Synergy concept that reveals a new, limited-production exterior color for spring 2010 and is accented with a number of production accessories and custom touches
* The Camaro Chroma, an SS-based concept with a number of future accessories
* The Camaro Dusk, which incorporates current and proposed accessories to create a contemporary tuner aesthetic
* Camaro Graphics, highlighting six proposed accessory graphics packages, with online voting by the public to gauge interest in potential future production of one or more of the packages.
"During the annual SEMA Convention, the popularity of a new car can be easily judged by the number of 'tuner' versions used by various companies to showcase their latest products; and the Camaro is our runaway hit this year, with countless examples displaying everything from mild styling accessories to wild performance modifications," said Brent Dewar, vice president, Global Chevrolet Brand. "We're thrilled by all the creative ideas, but especially proud of the cars we developed in-house. They represent modern interpretations of the Camaro that could easily be created by owners using the accessories offered by Chevrolet."
Many of the Camaro accessories can be ordered through Chevy dealers for installation at the time of the vehicle's purchase. This allows customers to personalize their cars to their exact wishes, with installation handled by the dealer and the cost rolled into the monthly payments.
In addition to the Camaro contingent, Chevrolet is also showing the Silverado ZR2 concept and an accessorized Corvette Grand Sport at SEMA. Here's a closer look at each of the concepts:
The Jay Leno Camaro
Powered by a twin-turbocharged version of the 3.6L direct injected V-6 that is standard in Camaro LS and LT models, Leno's Camaro blends high performance with surprising efficiency in a racing-ready package. A pair of Turbonetics T-3 turbochargers blows through a custom air-to-air intercooler, force-feeding the engine about seven pounds of boost and lifting its horsepower level to about 425. That's about 40 percent greater than stock and in normal driving (when the turbochargers aren't making boost), there's virtually no penalty in fuel economy over the non-turbocharged 3.6L engine.
"Jay's Camaro offers style, performance and efficiency in a big way," said Dewar. "It delivers the power of a Camaro SS on demand, but with the fuel economy of a V-6."
Supporting upgrades for the turbo system include a larger-capacity Be-Kool radiator and a custom exhaust system, as well as a Centerforce-supplied clutch and pressure plate for the six-speed manual transmission. The tubing for the turbo system is powder-coated blue. The powertrain was designed to deliver consistent, controllable power for both the street and race track. In fact, road racing was a primary mission for the car during its development.
Additional vehicle also support its racing intent:
* Brembo six-piston brake package
* Pedders coil-over lowering kit
* New front fascia with custom fog lamps and integral brake cooling vents
* Air extractor-style hood
The exterior styling of Leno's car is the most radical of all the Camaro concepts at SEMA. The front fascia and hood are one-off creations, as are the unique upper and lower grilles and the ground effects package (including a rear diffuser). The heritage-inspired vent styling in front of the rear wheels has been replaced with functional brake cooling ducts.


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What is IRA?
Individual Retirement Account (IRA) is meant for saving money for retirement with a lot of tax-advantaged ways helping individuals. Either it offers a tax-free growth of money saved or on a tax-deferred basis. An account is set up at reliable registered financial institution like the bank, mutual fund or brokerage that is usually supported by the state. Withdrawal from such accounts can be made after 59 ½ years of age. At earlier ages, withdrawals are penalized with 10%. A participant can make a roll over to other IRA.
Types of IRA:
Types of IRA accounts are Traditional, Roth and Roll Over. All these accounts have different types of advantages for the person who opens them for facing retirement blues. In Traditional IRA, it is required to contribute with money which you will be able to deduct on the tax return. The earnings in such account will grow with tax-deferred facility till the amount is withdrawn after retirement. Tax-deferred growth means that the money will be taxed, if applicable at lower rates.
In Roth IRA, individuals pay money on which he has already been taxed. In this case, money in the account grows tax-free. With certain conditions applicable time to time, tax-free withdrawals are also permitted. "Rollover IRA" is just like Traditional IRA in which money is rolled over from another qualified retirement plan. It is meant to involve eligible assets from accounts 401(K) or 403(b) which are employer-sponsored into an IRA.
In both Traditional IRA and Rollover IRA, savings grow potentially or get compounded faster because of tax benefits offered by the state authorities in comparison to taxable accounts. Compare suitability of all three types of IRA accounts for self before opting for one to make life easier after retirement from the regular job. With Calculator, determine the most appropriate option.
Why invest in IRA:
Most of the financial experts, after long studies, have predicted that you must have 85% of your pre-retirement income after retirement. To cope up financial priorities after retirement, employer-sponsored plans like 401(K) may not provide sufficient saving money when you need them most. So you will have to operate one IRA account of choice to accumulate savings with tax-advantaged ways. State authorities permit contribution in both, employer-sponsored 401(K) and an IRA, which can help a lot to lead satisfied retired life.
What is Fidelity IRA?
Fidelity IRA is the best to gain advantages of tax-free or potentially tax-deferred growth of money. It also supplements current savings from salary into employer-sponsored prevailing retirement plans. Moreover, you gain access to a very wide range of plans for money investment in comparison to only employer-sponsored choices or plans.
In days approaching retirement, monitor the investments done so far and make all possible adjustments that are needed for the growth of the money so as to make the retirement days peaceful. Make it a point to contribute maximum possible savings in IRA to get maximum benefits out of these savings.


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Circa 1950
A large ring chandelier of satined brass and aluminum having eight cylindrical posts. Signed by the New York maker R. B. Wagner.
Current height: 222"
Minimum height: 85"
Overall: 49" diameter
Height to loop: 70"
Can be UL listed for use in dry environments
16 Edison sockets, maximum 40 watts per socket
2 fixtures total available. 2 on hold.
Please contact your local showroom about viewing this item.


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Make a tax-deductible gift today to provide a future for our parks and the millions of Americans who enjoy them.
Since 1919, the National Parks Conservation Association has been the leading voice of the American people in the fight to safeguard the scenic beauty, wildlife, and historic and cultural treasures of the largest and most diverse park system in the world. Help us assure the future of our beloved national parks.
Already a member? Click here to make a renewal donation.
If you donate and have not already registered, you will receive periodic updates and communications from National Parks Conservation Association.
NPCA holds high charity ratings and makes careful use of your support.
© National Parks Conservation Association777 6th Street, NW, Suite 700 Washington, DC 20001-3723
Site Design by Charity Dynamics


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Pronunciation: Njarðvík
Added on: 2011-05-01 Listened: 211 timesin: Cities - Iceland, Íslenskir bæir
Pronunciation in Icelandic [is]
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NCIS: Season 7 DVD
$16.99Add to Wish list
You Save: $5.99 26% off
- Additional Details
- Format: DVD
- Rating: Not Rated
- Number of Discs: 6
- Run Time: 1039 Minutes
- Region: 1
- Aspect Ratio: Widescreen
- Studio: Paramount
- DVD Release Date: August 24, 2010
- Subtitles: English
- Audio:
ENGLISH: Dolby Digital 5.1
ENGLISH: Dolby Digital Stereo
- Cast: Mark Harmon, Michael Weatherly, Pauley Perrette, David McCallum
- Genre: TV Series
- Color: Color
- Includes:
NCIS: A Sound Investment
Lucky Number Seven
Home Sweet Home: Creating The Gibbs House
The Future Is Now: NCIS Meets The Jet Pack
Gimme Two Steps: Staging The Bar Fight
Celebrating Episode 150
Personal Effects
Cast Roundtable
Cast & Crew Commentaries On Selected Episodes
- Release Date: 2009
In NCIS Season 7 DVDs, the top-rated investigative crime drama continues the thrilling adventures of a cutting-edge crew of special agents who operate outside the government's chain of command. Led by Leroy Jethro Gibbs (Mark Harmon), this highly trained, tight-knit team of NCIS season four travels the world investigating murder, espionage and terrorism. These NCIS videos feature all the action-packed episodes of season seven along with other bonus footage.
Buy NCIS Season 7 DVDs to complete your NCIS library with hours of top-rate TV featuring lead investigators who follow every clue to solve the case.
Learn More | NCIS Season 7 Episodes


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This weekend, I'm going to be screaming my head off during Halloween Horror Nights at Universal Studios.
But if I was three inches tall, I would go inside this haunted house instead.
Michael J. Kouri is a Pasadena "psychic medium" with a kitschy side interest in doll houses and miniatures.
If you're not part of this niche interest group, you might not be aware that the most obscure items ever are available in a size only a doll — or a small rodent — could enjoy. Glass lollipop jar. Oil and vinegar cruets. Small LIFE Magazine with Michael Jackson on the cover. Or add this itty-bitty feather duster to your French-maid costume. (Note: I don't even have these items in full-size for my real home.)
And continuing on a love of all scaled-down things — let's get miniature, miniature … I wanna get miniature — we recommend Kouri's exhibit of intricately detailed haunted doll houses on display this month at The Village Book Shop in Glendora. (626) 335-5720
(Photos by Sarah Reingewirtz / Staff)


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The easy way to find your nearest Cartier boutique.
Read More
Three bands. Three types of gold. Intertwined in harmony. The visionary mind of Louis Cartier created the Trinity ring in 1924. The unique, timeless and cosmic Trinity design, depicted in three colors of gold (pink for love, yellow for fidelity and white for friendship), now available in a collection devoted to the loves of your life. Trinity, all about you forever.
The easy way to find your nearest Cartier boutique.
Our ambassadors are available to answer any questions or assist in making a boutique appointment.
All of your on-line orders are made through an SSL connection to ensures the confidentiality and security of your personal details.


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Eric Conrad: "Mix-Ups" is an exhibition of recent work by Kansas-based Eric
Conrad. "Mix-Ups" will present a series
of figurative sculptures that incorporate hand-woven fabric, found clothing,
and various other materials. In Conrad's sculptures, heaps of figures are
mixed-up, entangled and forced into co-dependent communities, fragile
structures where there is potential for reconciliation and collapse. Born in
Toronto, Conrad received his MFA from the Rhode Island School of Design. He
lives and works in Lawrence, Kansas and is an Associate Professor of Art at
Emporia State University.
Atrium Gallery Reception:
Tuesday, August 19, 4-6 p.m.
Learn more about Eric Conrad and his artwork.
Tuesdays - Fridays 10 a.m. - 4 p.m.
Saturdays 1-4 p.m.
Closed Sundays, Mondays, and all Ball State University holidays
Copyright © 2015 Ball State University 2000 W. University Ave. Muncie, IN 47306
800-382-8540 and 765-289-1241


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Associate and bachelor's degree programs for men and women 4 full years out of high school.
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In recognition of how student debt is a growing impediment to achieving the dream of a college education, Wilson College will hold the line on tuition again next year for full-time, undergraduate students.
DATE: Nov. 12, 2012
CONTACT: Cathy Mentzer, Manager of Media Relations
Phone: 717-264-4141, Ext. 3178
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
CHAMBERSBURG, Pa. — In recognition of how student debt is a growing impediment to achieving the dream of a college education, Wilson College will hold the line on tuition again next year for full-time, undergraduate students.
The decision, made by the Board of Trustees at its October meeting, means that the 2013-14 tuition rate for full-time undergraduates will remain at $28,745 for the third year in a row.
The board also voted to keep housing fees at the current rate while approving modest hikes in fees for meals and technology. Food costs will go up 5 percent and the technology fee will increase 3 percent in 2013-14 to cover only the direct increases in the college's cost of providing the services. The result is that full-time, residential Wilson students will pay .65 percent — or $255 — more next year for tuition and fees, combined.
Tuition for other students who pay by the course — including part-time students enrolled in the adult degree, teacher intern and master's degree programs — will increase 5 percent in 2013-14.
The decision to hold the line on tuition full-time, undergraduate students demonstrates the college's commitment to keeping Wilson affordable, even as higher education costs continue to rise at many other institutions.
"Wilson College understands the impact of the stagnant economy on families," said Dr. Barbara K. Mistick, president. "We are committed to doing everything within our power to maintain the affordability of a Wilson education."
Wilson moved up its tuition decision by several months for 2012-13. Setting it in October will give students extra time to weigh all of their college options and make a timely decision, according to Mary Ann Naso, vice president for enrollment. "The early decision distinguishes Wilson because many other institutions set tuition later," she said.
She also urged prospective students to take advantage of Wilson's customized net price calculator to help them analyze the true cost of attending. The net price calculator helps students decipher the difference between the full, "sticker price" of attending the college and the "net price" that they would actually pay. The net price is what a student can expect to pay after grants, scholarships and financial aid that are likely to be available them, based on their individual situations, are factored into the equation.
Wilson's net price calculator can be found online at http://www.wilson.edu/admissions/college-for-women/financial-aid/net-price-calculator/index.aspx.
The decision to maintain the 2011-12 tuition rate for another year also reflects the ongoing economic recession, which is affecting enrollment at colleges and universities across the nation.
"The financial concerns of our students and their families have not changed over the course of the past year," Mistick said. "As a result we have taken the initiative to make an early decision to hold our tuition."
For the 12th consecutive year, Wilson College was rated for 2013 as a "Best Value" college by the influential U.S. News & World Report "America's Best Colleges" issue for providing quality academics at an affordable price.
The tuition decision "lets our students and their families know they can be confident they are getting great value for their educational investments," Mistick said.
Wilson awards $12 million in aid and scholarships annually and 99 percent of students receive some form of financial aid. Wilson does not reduce its own institutional grants or scholarships for students who receive outside aid, allowing students to reduce the amount of borrowing, according to Naso.
Wilson College is a liberal arts college founded in 1869. The institution, which prides itself on offering its student individual attention, has a student-to-faculty ratio of 10:1. Students may choose from more than 40 fields of study, including majors, minors, concentrations and certificates, as well as two master's degrees. Additional opportunities are available in physical education and dance; pre-professional programs in law, medicine, veterinary medicine and the health sciences; and a variety of special learning opportunities, internships and study-abroad programs.
For more information, contact Cathy Mentzer, manager of media relations, at 717-264-4141, Ext. 3178.
Founded in 1869, Wilson College is a liberal arts college in Chambersburg, Pa., that is dedicated to the education of women and affiliated with the Presbyterian Church. Today, women and men can earn bachelor's degrees in 30 areas and master's degrees in education and the humanities. The college's 2012-13 enrollment in the College for Women and the Adult Degree Programs is 695 and includes 17 students from nine foreign countries. Visit www.wilson.edu for more information.


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11 Reasons Making Our Affiliate Program So
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New double album heralds "The Return of the World's Greatest Voice"
Music Week, the leading business paper for the UK recording industry, this week splashes Luciano Pavarotti on its front cover, declaring: "The Return of the World's Greatest Voice". The front cover recognition heralds a new double album with which Decca Classics honours the great Italian tenor.
With its 54-year-history (it was launched as Record Retailer in 1959), Music Week has long been the voice of the industry and its coveted front cover is a reflection of the importance placed on this historic Pavarotti release.
Half a century after Pavarotti took the music world by storm with his golden voice and sunny personality, Pavarotti: The 50 Greatest Tracks offers two CDs bursting with digitally remastered versions of his finest recordings.
Fifty years ago, the Italian tenor made a memorable appearance on mass-audience UK TV show Sunday Night at the Sunday Palladium, made his debut at the Royal Opera House in La Bohčme – and signed with Decca, releasing his first album. That significant year marked the beginning of a unique musical partnership which sparked so many award-winning recordings for the rest of the tenor's life.
Now the label is set to release a unique historic recording that has lain dormant in the archives for 50 years – Pavarotti singing "Che gelida manina" from La Bohčme, the work that first captured the public's attention.
Remastered and made available to the public for the first time, the track features on a double album that also offer his immortal recordings of "Nessun dorma" (more than 65 million YouTube views) , "La donna č mobile", "Granada" and duets with Frank Sinatra, Bono, Eric Clapton and Sting among the 50 timeless recordings.
The larger-than-life Pavarotti sold over 100 million albums, making him the best-selling classical artist in history. He was a six-time Grammy Award winner, and held Guinness World Records for receiving the most curtain calls (165) and for the best-selling classical album (The Three Tenors).
Luciano Pavarotti had a voice that seemed imbued with the bright southern sunshine of his native Italy. Decca Classics managing director Paul Moseley says: "Quite simply, he had the most beautiful voice I have ever heard. So bright and exciting, almost like a vocal trumpet. And his personality was big, everything was big, the charisma, the smile, the voice, the clothes and, of course, the man himself."
Pavarotti: The 50 Greatest Tracks is released on 2 September – 50 outstanding tracks celebrating 50 momentous years of music and one exceptional talent.


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CEDAR RAPIDS, Iowa - The first significant snowfall made its way through eastern Iowa on Wednesday.
Rain began turning to snow around 1 a.m. in northern parts of the state and started moving south. Accumulation started about an hour later.
The snow completely covered most of the main highways in eastern Iowa, and NewsLine9 callers reported seeing several semi trucks and other vehicles in the median and beside roadways. For a period of time, the Iowa State Patrol recommended that motorists not travel across much of Eastern Iowa.
Areas of Eastern Iowa picked up 4-7 inches of snow. We'll have a recap of the snow storm coming up on the KCRG-TV9 News at 5 & 6.
Cedar Rapids, Iowa News, Sports, and Weather
Road Conditions Improve As Eastern Iowa Digs Out from Latest Snow
By Justin Gehrts, Meteorologist
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Wallpapers: the Ariel Atom 3.5R
Desktop treats of a supercharged pile of scaffolding are ready to download...
Posted: 01 Aug 2014
Somerset. It's currently being invaded by urbanites in straw hats seaking some sort of mass transcendental experience at Glastonbury. But it also heralds the masters of stripped-back track lightweight madness: Ariel.
Recently we got to have a go in its latest creation, the supercharged 350bhp Atom 3.5R. With its flappy paddles, tuned Civic Type R engine and 0-60mph time "approaching 2.5 seconds", it left TG's Sam Philip a bit lost for words.
"'Fast' doesn't even begin to describe the furious, screaming, mass-free manner in which the 3.5R gathers speed. Neither does 'rapid', 'warp speed' or 'oh dear, I appear to have left my face behind'."
You can read the full story here, then decorate your desktop with the Somerset's finest skeletal trackday monster by scrolling through the pics above, clicking the size that takes your fancy and add it to your computery devices background.
Click here to download at 1920x1080
Click here to download at 1280x1024
Photography: Rowan Horncastle


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Cute, edgy and retro with a modern twist almost describes Pin-Up Girls Hair Studio, but there's more to the look than hair pins and spray.
Owners Maria Nieves and Jeannie Pope embrace the styles and find the inner pin-up girl in all their clients.
"It kind of has that vintage feeling," Pope said of the shop, adding that she and Nieves enjoy styling their hair to reflect the beauties of days gone by. "We're just our own walking advertisements."
Both stylists had worked elsewhere in the area, but they saw an opportunity to branch out as business partners. They've slowly built Pin-Up Girls Hair Studio over the past year, and they've also gone on the road for marketing events and social gatherings.
"We actually do our hair from different eras," Pope said, although they will bring in modern elements through colors and cuts.
Part of building the shop includes the offerings of eyelash extensions, facial treatments and waxing. Groups can be accommodated, especially for weddings, proms or formal events, and for girls' night out opportunities.
LOCATION: 1209 Airport Road, Suite 3, Destin
HOURS: 10 a.m. to 5 p.m., Tuesdays through Saturdays; after hours by appointment
FACEBOOK: www.facebook.com/PinUpGirlsHairStudio
Susanne Norton could have been a nurse and had begun the education toward that career. She chose a different path, however, when she realized she could use her training as a massage therapist for one-on-one healing and comfort for her clients.
In April, she opened her massage salon, where she offers relaxation therapy along with much more.
"Because I'm in medical healing, I have certification in compassionate touch," Norton said. "Compassionate touch is working with the elderly community, possibly dementia clients and hospice patients.
"It's really what I'm supposed to be doing," she added. "It's what God meant me to do."
Her experiences working in a retirement and rehabilitation facility gave her insight into the minds of those who can no longer speak for themselves, and often a gentle, healing touch can help them to relax and feel comfort, Norton said. She does work with all age groups, as well.
"Unfortunately people feel massage is a luxury, but it's a necessity," Norton said. "It's relieving stress."
Norton belongs to the Florida State Massage Therapy Association and is nationally certified.
LOCATION: 1813 John Sims Parkway, Niceville, behind Carriage Hills Realty
HOURS: by appointment


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Although there seems to be non-stop discussion about the influence modern day society has on our children, one fact remains the same. Parents and caregivers have the biggest impact on a child's life. When it comes to helping obese children lose weight and lead healthier lives, it's parents who decide what food is purchased, and how much activity a child gets. If parents are not available, then a caregiver makes those importance decisions.
For an obese child to have a real chance at losing weight and living a healthier life, parents, caregivers and other family members should be involved in treatment programs designed to help their children.
The American Heart Association released a scientific statement today on the role of parents, families and caregivers in the treatment of obese kids.
"In many cases, the adults in a family may be the most effective change agents to help obese children attain and maintain a healthier weight," Myles Faith, an associate professor of nutrition at the Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, said in an American Heart Association (AHA) news release.
"To do so, the adults may need to modify their own behavior and try some research-based strategies," added Faith, who is the chair of the writing group that published an AHA scientific statement in the Jan. 23 issue of Circulation.
But let's be honest.... old habits are hard to break. That's why the more people you have working together the more likely you'll be successful in making the changes you want. Most families dealing with obesity really want to help family members lose weight - they often just need a better game plan to help guide them.
One of the most important messages to parents is that they need to lead by example. It is entirely unrealistic for children to change their food and physical activity behaviors on their own. Too often, during the week, family meals consist of high calorie-high / high-fat fast foods. Then the weekend is an all-you-can-eat buffet style breakfast and dinner.
Lack of exercise only adds to the difficulty in dropping unhealthy pounds.
Technology has gotten a lot of the blame for keeping kids in chairs or on couches, but it can also be beneficial.
Computers and smart phones may be beneficial in self-monitoring and goal setting for children and their parents. Games such as "Dance Dance Revolution" along with "Wii Fit"and a host of others get kids and even adults up and moving. In lieu of blaming technology for being a culprit, perhaps viewing it as an opportunity to reach children and teens in the medium they understand may be the best way to communicate healthful behaviors.
Faith adds "Teaching families to identify how many calories they take in from food, and burn during exercise, is a core component to most family treatment programs that have been studied. Parents and children become more 'calorie-literate' in a sense, so they better understand how many calories are in a burger vs. apple vs. water bottle. This knowledge sets the stage for behavior change, and can be an eye opener for many parents."
Faith and his colleagues identified a number of strategies that have been linked to better outcomes, including:
Working together as a family to identify specific behaviors that need to be changed.
Setting clearly defined goals -- such as limiting TV viewing to no more than two hours per day -- and monitoring progress.
Creating a home environment that encourages healthier choices, such as having fruit in the house instead of high-calorie desserts or snacks.
Making sure parents commend children when they make progress, and don't criticize them if they do backslide. Instead, helping children identify ways to make different decisions if they're faced with the same kind of situation again.
Never using food as a punishment or reward.
Keeping track of progress toward goals.
"While these strategies were implemented by health care professionals in a treatment program, the psychological principles on which they are based provide sound guidance for families of obese children as well," Faith said.
A healthy life starts in infancy. For too many years, people just didn't know much about the nutritional aspect of eating. You're hungry-you eat. But now, there is an abundance of information, millions of studies that have been conducted, and a food's calorie, fat, carbohydrate and sodium count is on every label or at your fingertips on the computer. The result of not paying attention to what we put in our mouths is having a devastating impact on families' lives.
There are many ways to get up-to-date on your child's health. Pediatricians can be critical in the education of parents and caregivers in the optimum feeding and physical activity behaviors for raising healthy children. Daycare centers, WIC and even grandparents can play a positive role in influencing health outcomes in children.
Denial and ignorance will not make obesity go away. Overweight and obese children seldom outgrow it and they carry that weight-and all its health consequences-into adulthood. Make health a priority for the entire family, and with education, support and good planning everyone will benefit now and for generations to come.


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You need to find smarter friends.
You need to find smarter friends.
and the government did 9/11
The government invented AIDS to kill black people.
I thought aids was to quell the rise of the gays, and crack was for the blacks.
Its the attack of the c*lones
but yeah w nuthin here sheya....but the news said it ma it musta be true!!!! NOW LOOK HERE ma it s IN THe NEWS the. NEWS NO TEL LIE VISIION !!!


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Oakhills neighborhood in Bentonville, Arkansas (AR), 72712 detailed profile
Discuss Oakhills neighborhood (subdivision, block, or community) on our hugely popular Arkansas forum.
Back to: Bentonville, AR, Arkansas, Arkansas smaller cities, Arkansas small towns, All cities.
City-data.com does not guarantee the accuracy or timeliness of any information on this site. Use at your own risk.


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Gala Gown Barbie® Doll
It's not just a party, it's the event of the year, and Gala Gown Barbie doll rises to the occasion with a breathtaking dress in pale yellow and grey chiffon.
Evoking an image of the glamorous past, this exquisite gown features a cascade of ruffles accented with fabric flowers, silvery sequins, and yellow and clear beads. The taffeta-lined bodice floats above a white tulle petticoat, and elegant accessories include grey opera gloves and rhinestone and silvery drop earrings. Sheer tights and sling back shoes complete this stunning ensemble, setting the scene for an unforgettable evening.
From first design to final doll, see why Silkstone® is the ultimate in elegance!
There is a limit of 5 dolls per order.
Doll Details
|Body Type:
|Skin Tone:
|Silkstone Peace
|Facial Sculpt:
|Fashion Sewn On?:
Included with doll:
Fashion designed especially for the Silkstone® Barbie® doll body. Not for use with other Barbie® dolls.
For the adult collector.
Production doll may vary from the photo shown above. Mattel reserves the right to modify the fashion/fabrics, sculpt, hair color/style, and accessories. Doll cannot stand alone as shown.


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For over 80 years, we have provided the families of the Bay City community and surrounding areas with unmatched professional and personal guidance. The same commitment to excellence that defined our services back then remains as strong as ever. At Gephart Funeral Home, we understand that each family is special, and our care reflects that understanding.
Please feel free to contact us at any time.
(989)686-2291 (989)686-1785 fax firstname.lastname@example.com J. & David G. LuczakCo-Owners


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45th Anniversary Barbie® Doll by Bob Mackie
Barbie® Doll celebrates her 45th anniversary in style, wearing a Bob Mackie-designed silver/white brocade gown. An elaborate black and white embroidered swirl accents her ensemble, encircling her beautiful shimmery platinum blond braid. She comes with matching silver/white brocade gloves and dangling rhinestone earrings.
© 2002 Bob Mackie Design Group Ltd. All Rights Reserved.
Production doll may vary from the photo shown above. Mattel reserves the right to modify the fashion/fabrics, sculpt, hair color/style, and accessories. Doll cannot stand alone as shown.


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The life of a clutch is rought: lots of stress, unreasonable expectations, and a tremendous amount of heat that accompanies a slip in performance. Actually, it's worse. Muscle cars are heavy, and many late-models are even heavier. Horsepower is exploding, and tires are getting stickier. All this is compounded by the knucklehead in the driver seat whose left foot does its best impersonation of a high-stall converter at the Tree. On top of all that, people demand soft pedal pressure, smooth engagement, and component longevity. And you thought your job was tough! Although the conditions inside a bellhousing are bleak, there's hope for the poor clutch. Companies like Centerforce have learned to transcend these challenges and developed methods to get clutches to grab like they should. Maximizing clutch performance is a delicate balance of clamping force, disc design, and high-tech friction materials. To help you solve your clutch woes, we hit up Will Baty and had him explain it all to us.
Lightweight Flywheels
"There seems to be an ongoing debate over the virtues of lightweight aluminum flywheels, but definitive answers are hard to come by. When it comes to the weight of a flywheel, altering it significantly impacts the inertia exerted on the crankshaft. This inertia is similar to the effects of gearing. A heavy flywheel is like having short gears, and a light flywheel is like having tall gears. Keep in mind that flywheel weight can't be measured on a bathroom scale. Since it is bolted to a spinning crank, a flywheel's dynamic weight is far more important than its static weight. Where the weight is located on the radius of the flywheel determines how much inertia a flywheel has. For a given amount of weight, the farther it is from the crankshaft the more it will affect dynamic weight. To illustrate this point, get a piece of string, tie a small weight to the end, hold the string about a foot from the weight, and spin it over your head like a lasso. You should feel a small amount of force, or inertia, pulling on your hand. Next, hold the string three feet from the weight and once again spin it over your head. You should feel a drastic difference in force because you just changed where the weight is on the radius of the circle. Consequently, an aluminum flywheel with less inertia will make the vehicle feel heavier from a standstill and will require slipping the clutch a little more to get the vehicle moving. Vehicles that have a deep First gear or develop a lot of bottom-end torque can benefit from a lower inertia flywheel since it allows the torque to be transferred to the ground instead of breaking the tires loose. The engine will rev quicker with a low-inertia flywheel and will typically accelerate through the gears faster. Heavier flywheels, on the other hand, are better suited to cars that don't produce much low-end torque or have taller gears."
Engineering a clutch assembly isn't as simple as lining a disc with gripper friction materials and calling it a day. Centerforce starts by putting the OE pressure plate through a series of tests to find the limits of a vehicle's clutch and hydraulic assembly. "Some clutch systems require little modifications, but we often end up engineering an assembly that's completely different from the OE unit," Baty explains. "Many of our clutch designs utilize our patented ball-bearing fulcrum that gives us the ability to increase the clamp load and pressure, increase the rate of release, and reduce the throwout bearing load. With modern vehicles, we look at the hydraulics system very carefully, since a high throwout bearing load may cause the hydraulic system to fail prematurely. Once we have engineered a clutch assembly, we find a vehicle and install the clutch on it in-house to address any issues with the installation that our customers may run into."
Pressure Plate Design
The three basic types of pressure plate designs are: Long, Borg & Beck, and diaphragm. Long and Borg & Beck pressure plates both use three large fingers and a series of coil springs to generate clamping force. "These pressure plates are adjustable, but have a large amount of pedal pressure so they're typically used in drag cars these days," says Baty. "The diaphragm-style plate is used in just about every manual transmission vehicle today due to its having an ideal balance between clamping force and pedal pressure. As they wear out, the diaphragm-style plate actually gains clamp load."


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We are pleased to invite you to the 19th annual Eastern Canada Sport and Exercise Psychology Symposium (ECSEPS) which is being held from March 27-28th, 2015 at the University of Ottawa. The School of Human Kinetics is excited to be hosting ECSEPS for the fourth time and looks forward to providing an opportunity for students to meet with peers and engage in academic discussion. Originally founded in 1996, ECSEPS aims to provide students in the field of exercise, sport, and health psychology with an opportunity to present their proposed, ongoing, and completed research projects. We encourage you to visit the website in the fall for updated information on deadlines, travel and accommodations, and events occurring at the conference. We look forward to seeing you this spring!
The 2015 ECSEPS Organizing Committee
Built by firstname.lastname@example.com


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On Nov. 30 the National Portrait Gallery, a sister organization of the Smithsonian Institution, pulled a video piece from its exhibition Hide/Seek: Difference and Desire in American Portraiture one month after the exhibit opened after pressure from both the Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights; and congressmen.
The piece in question, a four-minute excerpt from Fire in My Belly by AIDS activist David Wojnarowicz, is a collage of images captured in Mexico, such as Mayan ruins, a man spitting fire, a marionette, cockfighting and a man masturbating. But it was an 11-second segment of ants crawling over a crucifix that prompted William Donohue, president of the Catholic League to condemn the film as "hate speech" against Christianity in a press release on Nov. 30.
The same day, Soon-to-be House Speaker John Boehner (R-Ohio) called for the cancellation of the exhibit, with his spokesman Kevin Smith saying, "Smithsonian officials should either acknowledge the mistake and correct it, or be prepared to face tough scrutiny beginning in January when the new majority in the House moves in."
Incoming House Majority Leader Eric Cantor (R-Va.) called the piece "an outrageous use of taxpayer money and an obvious attempt to offend Christians during the Christmas season."
Just how much taxpayer money went into the exhibit? As for just the exhibit, an editorial in the Washington Post points out that all exhibits at the portrait gallery are funded by private donations. $750,000 in private funds was spent on Hide/Seek. Around $6 million a year in public funds goes towards caring for the private collections, employee salaries, building maintenance and security.
The question of hate speech in the piece is more debatable, however, in any piece of artwork, context is always important and absolutely necessary for criticism. A review by the NY Times provided the example of testimony Wojnarowicz gave against Donald Wildmon of the American Family Foundation in a lawsuit for misrepresenting his artwork. The work in question this time was Wojnarowicz's take on Guido Reni's 17th-century painting Christ Crowned With Thorns, in which Christ looks both agonized and ecstatic. Wojnarowicz's painting depicts this Christ with a heroin syringe in his arm.
In court he explained that he was struck by the rampant and rising use of hard drugs among people he knew and the self-destruction that resulted. He said that in his own upbringing as a Roman Catholic he'd been taught that Jesus took on the sufferings of all people in the world.
"I wanted to make a symbol that would show that he would take on the suffering of the vast amounts of addiction that I saw on the streets," Wojnarowicz testified.
Wojnarowicz made Fire in My Belly after his longtime lover Peter Hujar had died of AIDS and found out that he himself was H.I.V.-positive. Just as he was looking for a symbol of suffering and self sacrifice in his painting of Christ, he was most likely looking for those same qualities in his depiction of Christ in Fire in My Belly.
As a result of the actions by the portrait gallery, museums all over the U.S., (most recently, The Walker Art Center) have now begun showing Fire In My Belly, but the whole fiasco raises a question for both sides of the argument: If the crucifix had instead been a Qur'an or a depiction of Muhammad, would Rep. Boehner have issued such a threat, and would galleries even display such a video?


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- Home
- Health Information
- Tonsillectomy-Adult
Reasons for Procedure
- Chronic or recurrent tonsil infections—Tonsillectomy may reduce the number, but will not completely eliminate these infections.
- Peritonsillar abscess—pocket of infection spreading outside the tonsil
- Enlarged tonsils causing obstruction of the throat
|The Tonsils
|Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
Possible Complications
- Bleeding
- Temporary breathing problems
- Adverse reaction to anesthesia
- Vomiting and dehydration
- Infection
- Obesity
- Smoking
- Poor nutrition
- Chronic illness
- Sickle cell anemia
- Bleeding disorders
- Recent or current steroid use
- Diabetes
- Taking anticoagulants or aspirin products
- Dehydration
What to Expect
Prior to Procedure
- Do a physical exam of the tonsils, throat, neck, and possibly other parts of the body
- Order blood tests and a urine test
- Review your medical history and current medications
- Talk to your doctor about your current medications. Certain medications may need to be stopped before the procedure.
- The night before, eat a light meal. Do not eat or drink anything after midnight.
Description of the Procedure
|Tonsil Removal
|Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
How Long Will It Take?
Will It Hurt?
Average Hospital Stay
Post-procedure Care
- You will be monitored for any negative reactions to anesthesia or other complications.
- After you are fully awake, alert, and stable, you may be able to leave. Arrange for a ride home from the hospital.
- Take medications that are prescribed as directed.
- Avoid talking, coughing, and singing for one week.
- Drink plenty of fluids.
- Avoid spicy, acidic, and hard-to-digest foods.
- Eat soft foods, such as gelatin and pudding, for 3-4 days after surgery. Gradually return to a normal diet.
- Avoid swallowing hard items such as crackers and hard cookies. They may injure the back of your throat.
Call Your Doctor
- Signs of infection, including fever and chills
- Redness, swelling, increasing pain, excessive bleeding, or discharge from the site where the tonsils were removed
- Nausea and/or vomiting that you cannot control with the medications you were given after surgery, or which last for more than two days after discharge from the hospital
- Pain that you cannot control with the medications you have been given, especially if it prevents you from drinking fluids
- Cough, shortness of breath, or chest pain
- Spitting or vomiting blood
- New, unexplained symptoms
American Academy of Otolaryngology http://www.entnet.org
American College of Surgeons http://www.facs.org
Canadian Family Physician http:// www.cfp.ca
Canadian Society of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery http://www.entcanada.org
Fact sheet: tonsils and adenoids postop. The American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery website. Available at: http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/tonsilsAdenoidsPostop.cfm. Updated January 2011. Accessed July 23, 2013.
Tonsils and tonsillectomies. Nemours Kids Health website. Available at: http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/ears/tonsil.html. Updated May 2013. Accessed July 23, 2013.
4/16/2009 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance http://www.ebscohost.com/dynamed: Burton MJ, Glasziou PP. Tonsillectomy or adeno-tonsillectomy versus non-surgical treatment for chronic/recurrent acute tonsillitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(1):CD001802.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: Marcin Chwistek, MD; Michael Woods, MD
- Review Date: 07/2013 -
- Update Date: 05/11/2013 -