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By DANNY P. SMITH
firstname.lastname@example.com [2]
State championship basketball at the Mississippi Coliseum in Jackson can be overwhelming for a player.
Starkville High School junior Mike Brand is thankful to have last year's experience to fall back on.
Brand was one of the Yellowjackets with a significant role in helping the team to the Mississippi High School Activities Association Class 6A state championship and Grand Slam title.
Starkville returns to the Big House (a.k.a. Mississippi Coliseum) today for the first time since that memorable run when it plays Meridian in the first round of the Class 6A state tournament. The tip is scheduled for 8 p.m.
When the bus pulled up to the Big House last year, Brand admitted to having some nerves, but they went away when the Jackets took the court.
"When you first start out, you are kind of struggling, but you've got to remember that you are playing basketball," Brand said. "It's just another game even though it's a little more important than all of the others."
Edward Townsel and Rashad Perkins were the two main scoring threats for Starkville in winning the title in 2010. The torch was passed to Brand, Gavin Ware and others for the future.
SHS boys basketball coach Greg Carter said there were so many juniors and B-team members that heard about the championship that they wanted to make sure to carry on the tradition.
"Last year's team let them know that we've set the bar high and it's time for you to step up," Carter said. "They want to carve out their own identity and want to be remembered for this year and not last year. They are excited about going in. We're going in with confidence and loose."
Brand credits Townsel and Perkins for being the players they were in leading the Jackets. He knows it's going to take a team effort to repeat.
"It's hard to uphold it because they were so good, were a big part of our offense and the bulk of our scoring," Brand said. "We kind of expected the same. We've all got to work together to make up for the scoring they did."
Starkville (19-8) defeated Jackson Murrah 52-48 to earn the right to play in the state tournament, but fell short of the North State championship with a 52-48 loss to Vicksburg.
The Jackets have been without Ware, a junior post player, for the last four games with a knee injury.
It was first thought Ware just had a bad bruise, but it was later learned that he strained some major ligaments and cartilage underneath the kneecap. He will be in a brace for about a month.
Carter said Starkville is prepared to proceed without Ware.
"We've had so many guys go in and out of the lineup that we don't even talk about it much," Carter said. "We just make the adjustment and just move on. The guys don't really dwell on it much. Whatever role they have to fill, they just step up and fill it."
The Jackets defeated Meridian for the Class 6A crown last year, but the Wildcats came to SHS earlier this season and recorded a 70-59 decision.
Meridian is led by Mississippi State signee Rodney Hood, but Carter is quick to point out that the Wildcats aren't a one-man show.
"They keep four to five guys on the floor that can score," Carter said. "Everybody they put out there can play. They've got about eight seniors that have been together since junior high and they play well together. They have such a good chemistry with each other. They were really good when we played in that first game. I don't know how much better they can be.
"They've got so many scoring weapons that they can score a lot of points so it puts pressure on us to score points. We've got to take advantage of every open shot we get. We've got to make the right pass and decision we can."
Brand knows there's not many who believe the Jackets can knock off the Wildcats, but he looks forward to the test.
"They are really good and are expecting to beat us," Brand said. "I think we will give them a fight and can actually pull this one out."
[1] http://www.starkvilledailynews.com/sites/default/files/Jackets (1) 2.jpg
[2] mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com


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Mobile Products Support
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"Just for Babies" and Family Storytimes (starting January 2015 - on a new day!)
Ms. Anne presents programs for little ones. Moving to Thursday mornings starting in January 2015!
Just for Babies: 2nd and 4th Thursdays @10:15am; for babies up to 15 months and their caregivers. This infant lapsit is designed for one-on-one interaction between caregiver and baby. Families with babies and older siblings are encouraged to attend Family Storytime.
Family Storytime: Every Thursday @11am; for children 16 months to 5 years and their families, though no child will be turned away. For more information on system-wide library storytimes, please go here.
Please Note: When the FOL Community Room is not available, "Just for Babies" and/or Family Storytime will not be held!
Little Ones Storytime
Wednesday, January 8 @ 10:30am
Join Miss Kristine and Miss Alex every Wednesday for quality time with your baby or toddler. Enjoy songs, stories, fingerplays, games, and so much more during this lapsit program. Duffy the Storytime Bear is looking forward to meeting you under the parachute. Older siblings are welcome to stick around for Family Storytime right after.
We'll be learning to count this spring. Today is our first day of spring storytime, so it is "1" day.
Family Storytime
Wednesday, January 8 @ 11am
Join Miss Kristine and Miss Alex every Wednesday for a fun-filled hour of stories, songs, and crafts. This program is geared toward a wide range of ages, including families with toddlers, preschoolers, and elementary-aged children.
There was a farmer who had a dog and Bingo was his name-o! Let's read some stories about man's best friend: dogs!
e-book Elf
Wednesday, January 8 from 2 pm - 4 pm
Need e-book help? Ask the e-book Elf! Let us help you set up your device so you can get FREE e-books and e-audiobooks. Also, you can "try before you buy"! Take a look at our devices before you take the purchase plunge. This is a free service and no appointment is necessary.
St. Augustine Travel Club: Italy's Great Hill Towns
Wednesday, January 8 @ 3pm
Everyone is invited to join us for our free St. Augustine Travel Club get together. Italy is more than just Rome and Venice, so please come and hear all about these smaller but beautiful towns. Your host for the afternoon is Peter Dytrych. Call 797-3736 for additional information.


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Society forced to remove its show banner
Last updated at 21:04, Thursday, 22 March 2012
A crackdown on banners at Maryport's Netherhall Corner has forced the town's amateur dramatics society off its key "advertising" site after 30 years.
John Slater, president of Maryport Amateur Operatic and Dramatic Society, said it had been told by Allerdale council to move its banner from railings.
He said it was a "sad day" for the society, and especially its junior section whose banner advertising next month's production of Thoroughly Modern Millie had been ordered off.
The sign was moved just three weeks before the children's show.
He added: "After the efforts they have made, I really don't know what the kids will think."
He called on Curzon Street residents to help by offering railings there for an advertising banner.
Allerdale council formerly turned a blind eye to banners on the railings outside St Mary's Church but took action after complaints and a one-man campaign by town resident Donald Leighton.
Many people considered that the banners, which included people's birthday greetings, were an eyesore at the busy junction.
Kevin Kerrigan, Allerdale council planning manager, said: "Since the council received complaints we have taken a consistent approach in requesting the removal of unauthorised signs promoting events of this nature.
"The council has provided advice to the theatre group to help them comply with the regulations."
Mr Leighton started removing signs when he thought necessary last year and was eventually threatened with arrest by police after complaints that he had destroyed banners.
Mr Leighton, of Sycamore Road, said last night that he had not complained to Allerdale council about the amateur dramatics banner and that they were not the target of his campaign.
He said: "I was concerned about birthday banners that were put up and left to tear and become unsightly, and the number of commercial signs that were being put up.
"I noticed that the amateurs' sign had been put up and although I noticed that it was several weeks before the production I certainly did not complain about it.
"It is fascinating to see that Allerdale council is now taking action."
Next year will be the centenary of the society, and Mr Slater said he hoped that by then the group would be able to advertise again at Netherhall Corner.
First published at 19:25, Thursday, 22 March 2012
Published by http://www.timesandstar.co.uk
Have your say
this is another example of why Allerdale Council's reputation is so bad. They took over parking from the County Council and caused havoc, they took over licensing and have been as bad e.g. Maryport Blues and persecution of the Lifeboat landlord, planning is a joke, e.g.their failure thus far to protect Maryport from the threat to it's biggest asset, Deer Park Field, look at the mess they made of the Cloffocks and the threat they pose to allmost every event proposed by community groups and others trying to give all of us something to enjoy and appreciate. It may seem I have a down on Allerdale Council but I have to explain that it is not the Councillors themselves I blame because I do admire them for their unselfish contribution to society, it's their officers who seem to me to be penned into such small specialist jobs with no facility for applying a human touch or even logic that they have to be seen as troublesoeme to justify their employment. This action over a professionally made sign which inconveniences no one and helps the society to promote its good work and in any case is for such a short period is surely an example.
I first arrived in Maryport in august 1969, and one of the first things I saw was the ad lib signs at netherhall corner, I though it was a good way to advertise local events, and I have enjoyed reading them over the years. Yes some of them were left to long, and some were tatty, but some were also very well done. I think they should be allowed to stay.
View all 5 comments on this article


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DRAM is a not-for-profit resource which provides on-demand streaming access to CD-quality audio, complete original liner notes and essays from independent record labels and sound archives. One of DRAM's primary focuses is the preservation and dissemination of important recordings that have been neglected by the commercial marketplace, recordings that may otherwise become lost or forgotten. Currently DRAM's collection contains more than 3,000 albums worth of recordings from a distinctive set of 26 independent labels. The basis for the current collection is the diverse catalogue of American music recordings by New World Records.
Guest curated by graduate student Katie Wills
Stories from people who were children during World War II and the objects in this exhibit animate the past and inform us of a time when war took over daily life. "Retrospect is a very interesting thing," says Ruthie Kallnder. "At the time I don't recall any of the information we got as being propaganda," but the government tried to influence children to make "necessary" sacrifices. Propagandists made the war a battle between good and evil, democracy and fascism. They also asked children to share in the war effort. In response, many children took on more responsibilities. Ruthie explains that boys and girls felt "if that's what it was going to take" to win they "were willing to do it." The memories of the people in this exhibit and their wartime actions show the power of propaganda's messages and its lasting affect on their lives. Propaganda posters, children's books, and classroom assignments demonstrate how propagandists reached children and involved them in the national war effort.
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Espressione Cappuccino Machines and Coffeemakers
Espressione offers a modest collection of pump espresso machines ranging from semi-automatic to fully-automatic espresso makers. Espressione espresso machines are made from high-quality materials and are available in several luxurious designs to complement any kitchen decor. And for your convenience, Espressione coffee machines operate with either loose coffee grounds or coffee pods.
Espressione Stainless Steel Electric Kettle2884Our Price: $79.99


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Pearce Upholstered Sleeper Sofa - Performance everydaysuede™
- Overview
The best-selling Pearce Sleeper Sofa in everydaysuede is family/pet friendly and extremely durable. Distinguished by its soft matte fabric, generous rolled arms, hand-stitched seams and hardwood feet, this sleeper sofa has an inviting feel.
- 91" w x 41" d x 38" h
- Polyester-wrapped cushions.
- For more information on fabric options, delivery and care instructions: Pearce Collection Guide.
- For successful delivery: Furniture Delivery Video.
- Create a floor plan with our interactive Room Planner.
- To place your custom fabric order, call 1.888.779.5176.
- Crafted in America.
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- Highest level contract grade mechanism designed for heavy use. Features a pop-up headrest.
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- Fall-away crossbar eliminates #1 consumer complaint about sleepers; Your back never feels the bar.
- Overall: 91" w x 41" d x 38" h
- Diagonal Depth: 31"
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- Open Sleeper, Head to Foot: 94" l
- Mattress Height When Sleeper is Open: 22"
- Weight: 189 lb
Care & Content
- Spot clean with a damp white cloth. Blot to remove excess water. Air dry.
- 100% polyester microfiber face; 70% polyester, 30% cotton back.
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- Eco-friendly construction includes seat cushions made of 15% soy-based material.
- Seat cushions are wrapped with a hypoallergenic fiber-feather-down blend.
- Back cushions have a lofty fiber fill.
- Sleeper frame is designed with trampoline-style decking,eliminating need for metal support rods underneath mattress.
- Double-locking headrest allows top of mattress to tilt up for more comfortable reading or TV-watching position; fall-away crossbar provides greater comfort.
- "Headlock" feature prevents frame from being closed with headrest in open position.
- Should you ever need to purchase a replacement cushion, our associates can place that order for you at any time. For assistance, please call 888.779.5176.
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You may return merchandise through the mail for a refund or replacement. For detailed procedures for returning items through the mail, please contact Customer Service at 1.888.779.5176, 7 days a week, 5:00am - 9:00pm (PT).


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If your situation is urgent, consider calling instead of sending an email.
Foster Swift Collins & Smith PC
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Drama, Suspense/Thriller
An retired police precinct chief from Copacabana finds his fate taking an unsettling turn after becoming the main suspect in the death of his lover - a prominent Rio de Janeiro streetwalker - in director Jose Joffily's tense underworld thriller. Vieira used be a high profile law enforcer, but these days he spends most of his time in the company of lusty prostitute Magali. When Magali is murdered, the authorities quickly shift their suspicions to Vieira and crooked cop Montiero begins blackmailing the former precinct chief. Now, as Vieira faces crooked cops on one side and murderous thugs on the other, he finds a last chance at happiness in the form of the beautiful Flor. But on the streets of Rio love and death can go hand in hand, and the man who used to enforce the law will now find himself forced to take a violent stance against it.~ Jason Buchanan, All Movie Guide
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Cast: Flavio Bauraqui, Hugo Carvana, Isaac Bernat, Roberto Bomtempo, Ricardo Blat
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Directed by: José Joffily
Written by: Luiz Alfredo Garcia-Roza, Jorge Durán
Running time: 1hr 32min


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Main Content
This item ships within two business days.
$4.99 flat rate shipping. See other shipping options.
Women's NFL® jerseys from Reebok® have a trimmer, shorter fit that hits just below the waistline. Customer feedback suggests that you should select a size larger than normal when purchasing these jerseys. If you prefer a boxier cut, a kids' size may fit better, and if you're looking for a fuller cut and longer length, choose a smaller men's jersey. Don't see your size? Try our customized replica jersey.
- Collar: 100% 8.6-oz polyester flat-knit rib
- Colors: 100% 5-oz nylon diamond-back mesh body/yoke/sleeves and and nylon dazzle side inserts
- Decorated in the team colors
- Embroidered NFL® Equipment patch sewn onto bottom of front collar or fabric insert
- Engineered and constructed to replicate the Pro Cut jersey silhouette
- Engineered Stripe Knit Inserts (select teams): 100% Polyester
- Machine wash cold, hang to dry
- Made in Honduras
- NFL® Equipment jock tag applied above left hem
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San Onofre questions reach securities regulators
A member of Congress says the utility operator of the sidelined San Onofre nuclear plant may have run afoul of securities regulations by not telling its investor about safety concerns sooner.
Rep. Edward Markey, a minority member of the House committee on energy and commerce, wrote to the Securities and Exchange Commission on Thursday to express concern that plant operator Southern California Edison may have left out crucial information about the plant's faulty steam generators from its disclosures to investors. Rapid degradation of the recently replaced generators has kept the plant shut since January 2012.
Markey letter
The Democratic congressman from Massachusetts, along with Sen. Barbara Boxer, has alleged that an unreleased report on the root causes of the San Onofre outage shows Edison and generator manufacturer Mitsubishi Heavy Industries knew of the generator problems before installing the equipment -- yet chose not to make some safety enhancements to avoid a stricter regulatory review.
"I believe this information may be significant enough that it could be deemed a material fact," Markey wrote to Elisse Walter, chairman of the securities commission. "Investors would presumably want to know whether a company is choosing not to implement additional safety protocols because such actions might require a nuclear reactor to go through a more strenuous licensing process."
Edison issued a statement Thursday challenging the accuracy of Markey's assertions and repeating earlier statements that the company did not install generators "that it believed would not perform safely."
The Rosemead-based utility wants to restart one reactor at limited power in hope of containing vibrations that have damaged thickets of tubing within four new steam generators, which were installed starting in 2009.
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission is actively investigating whether Edison provided the agency with complete and accurate information about the San Onofre steam generators.
At least one investment firm has downgraded the outlook for Edison stock on concerns that the investigation could delay the plant's restart. The company spent nearly $400 million on inspections, repairs and replacement power last year. The nuclear commission expects to issue a decision on Edison's restart plan in late-April or early May.
Edison International, parent company to Southern California Edison, plans to file year-end 2012 financial results to the securities commission on Tuesday.
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission says it has requested a redacted copy of the report from Mitsubishi that it can then share with the public. The agency has had access to the report for months, but maintains that it cannot release proprietary information within the document.
Mitsubishi and federal lawmakers have declined to make the document public, citing similar concerns. Edison spokesman Steven Conroy said Thursday that the company still has not seen the Mitsubishi report.
The Securities and Exchange Commission is responsible for protecting investors by maintaining fair, orderly, and efficient markets for stocks and other instruments.
California Public Utilities Commissioner Mike Florio, who is overseeing a state investigation into a possible customer refund or suspension of San Onofre costs, said the commission also is interested in the Mitsubishi report.


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Dermatology Switches to Electronic Health Records
SLUCare Clinical Group Became 12th to Go Paperless
The department of dermatology is the next in the SLUCare practice to join Project ARK (Automated Record Keeping) and make the transition from paper to electronic health records. Dermatology, which sees patients at Anheuser-Busch Institute (ABI) and the Des Peres Medical Arts Pavilion, will become the 12th practice group to begin using the EpicCare system on Tuesday, Feb. 15.
A total of 64 people in the dermatology department including eight physicians and three physician assistants will use the EHR system. The department typically sees 2,700 patients a month.
Members of the Project ARK team will be on hand as physicians, nurses and other personnel who provide patient care use the electronic health record for the first time after months of intensive training and preparation. Kovy Young leads the team in making the conversion.
For the next five weeks, Project ARK's "Go-Live" team will be stationed at ABI and the Des Peres Medical Arts Pavilion Hall to assist providers and staff in migrating old patient care documentation, adapting and evolving to the new electronic health record and adding MyChart functionality. The new system features state-of-the-art electronic documentation, communication, prescribing and medical decision support tools.
In 2007, SLUCare began its transition from paper to electronic health records, a multi-million dollar project .
For more information, please contact Mary Boland, Project ARK health information management systems director, at 977-7627, or James Hooper, program manager, at 977-2477.


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The ALS Association Research Program
The Leader in Global ALS Research
The ALS Association has committed $99 million to find effective treatments and a cure for Lou Gehrig's Disease. Our global research effort has helped increase the number of scientists working on ALS, advanced new discoveries and treatments, and has shed light on the complex genetic and environmental factors involved in ALS.
The ALS Association has funded significant research milestones in the fight against ALS, including:
- The groundbreaking discovery of a genetic abnormality that is, to date, the most common cause known of ALS and FTD.
- The recent exciting finding involved in familial ALS shows how two proteins work together to buttress the survival of motor neurons.
- Discovery of the ALS gene, SOD1, responsible for 20 percent of all inherited ALS cases.
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- The first clinical trial of ISIS-SOD1, a new drug that specifically targets the SOD1 gene.
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Research ALS Today
The ALS Association's National Research Periodical provides in-depth coverage of current research projects and exciting clinical trials.
Resources for Researchers
Upcoming meetings, funding opportunities, and more.
Research Webinars and Videos
Monthly online webinars featuring leading ALS researchers, presenting various topics of ALS research and clinical trials.


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Char wrote:Can't recall it ever being shown on any ITV or C4 channels. It's been shown on Viva before, but I don't think they're showing any episode right now.
Episodes can be found online if you fancy watching them and don't have any objections to streaming/downloading.
I remember that now, I didn't know how good it was meant to be at the time and forgot to watch.


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scow :-•' &• I il THE LEADEB, TSHBSDA?, MA&CE 26, 1942 Windiwapt" Al:o In Dmond; Books of Current Interest "Mission to .Moscow," by Am-bassador Davics, and "Windswept," by Man* Ellen Ohaae, are the two books leading In popularity st the Freeport Memorial Library at the present, according to Mis. Lena Ruppert, the librarian. Many books oT current Interest Also are Included among the re-cent purchases. The International situation Is dealt with in such ti-tles as "All Out on the Road to Smolensk/' by Erskine Caldwell; "White Olif'fs," a <poem by Alice Duer Miller; "People Under Hit-ler," by Deuel; "Thus Speaks Germany," by Coole: "Journey for Margaret," by William Allen White; "Mr. Churchill," by Philip Guedalla; "Aircraft.. Spotter." by Lester Ott; "From the Land of 81-1 lent People," by Robert St. John;; "School of the Sea," by Leland! Lovette; "Design for Power," by Frederick Schumann; "Total Espi-onage," by Curt Ricss; "Respect-fully Yours, Annie." by Brockway; letters of a cook to her London evacuees, and "Volcanic Isle," by Fleischer. Books on our modem defense I Include: "Soldier's Diary and "Notebook," by Captain John Stan-ley; "War Wings," by David •Cooke; "Air Transportation In the States," by^ugh Knowl-ton; 'Handbook for Civilian De-fense," by Mayer-Daxlanden; "Air Raid Defense, (Civilian)/' by Wachtel; "Planned A. R. P., Air Raid Precautions to, You," by Tec-ton; "Civil Defense." by Glover; "Bombs and Bombing." by Ley. and "Chemical Warfare," by vVaohtel. For those taking special courses In First Aid, Home Nursing. Nu-trition'and Can'een, there' arc such new -books as "Feeding .the Family/' by Mary Schwartz Rose: "Vitamins and Minerals for Every-one," by Pattee: "Improvised Equipment in the Home Care of the Sick/' by Olson: "Essentials of Nutrition," by Sherman; "Ameri-can, Red Cross Text Book on Home Hygiene and pare of the Sick," "Kitchen Manual" by Shie- %a Kibben. And for * that time of relaxa-tion there are suoh novels as "Ap-prehensive Dog/' by H. C. Ball- .ay; "Flredrake," by Elgin Grose.- Miss Boor**-by^Rtui- Girl/' by,..Sophie Kerr; "Body, in the Library," by Agatha Christie; "Ounsmoke Ocaze," by Dawson; "Lay On I Mc- Duffl" by Charlotte Armstrong; Horizons," by Faith Bald- "Frenchmen's Creek," by Daphne DuMaurler; '"Red Law," by Jackson Oregoii'; "Once Off *Ouaro\" by Wallls; "Bride of Glo« ry," by Bradda Field; "Dragon Seed/% by Pearl, Buck, and "Gay Oalllard", by Margaret Irwin. Freeport Exchonge Host To District Clubs Delegations from Far Rockaway, Valley Stream a/id Woodmere at-tended the weekly luncheon of the Freeport Exchange Club yesterday in the crystal Lake Hotel. It was a district gathering In observance of the 31st anniversary of the Ex-change Club movement, and Dis-trict. Governor E. Wallace .gmall of Woodmere presided. The ad-dress was given by the Regional Vice-president Dr. John B. Cong-don of Albany. President Fred C. Berge con-ducted the preliminaries and in-troduced Dr. Small, who presented Russell E. Hotaling. the state sec-retary. He also read a letter from Arthur J. Ruhlin. the state presi-dent. Music was provided by a trio of 'trumpeters from the Freeport High School band. NUTRXTIOM CLASS OPENS A new class in nutrition was opened by the Freeport Red Crass Branch in the Columbus ave. school recently, Mrs. M. Eliz-abeth Hardcastle, canteen and mass feeding chairman announced today. Mrs. Lucy Donniacuo is the instructor. "Nurseries or cnaracter should be strongly garrisoned with vir-tue. Rrhool-examinations arc one- ! sided: it is not so much academic ' education, as a moral and spirit-ual culture, which lifts one high-er."'— Mary Baker Eddy. TBEE ON DEBATE TOUR John W. Tree, of 61 Porter Aeld place, a senior at Hofstra College, was a member of the debating team which made an up-state tour recently, meeting teams at Col-gate at Hamilton; Hamilton at Clinton, Union at Schenectady. DAUGHTER TO CARLS A daughter, Karen Joan, was born to Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Carl, of Porterneld pi., last Saturday In the .South Nassau Communities Hospi-tal, Oceanslde. Mrs. Qdtl is the former Miss Evelyn Raynor. CASPAA ON DEAN'S LIST Theodore Caspar, son of Mr. an^ Mrs. RuJulph Caspar jr.. of 90 Denhotf avenue, earned a place on the dean's list at Muhlunherg col- Lown. Pa., for the first He is pursuing a pre-course. While a s!uil-en t in Prpeport High Schuol he was a member of the National Honor Society nnd the Maak and Wig Club. * DELEOX SEEKS TO DOUBLE CAPACITY OF HOUSE Joseph DeLeon has applied to the Village Board for permission to convert the two family house he owns at 96 Smith street, so as to provide apartments for four families. The matter was referred to Village Council Samuel M. Levy, Superintendent of Buildings Wilbert F. DeMott and Village En-gineer Herbert M. Wood Monday night. The following births have been reported to the Vital Statistics* Bureau In the Municipal Building: Plants— To Frederick and Mar-garet Platz of 191 East ave., March 15, a daughter, Susan Marie. Foley—To Ernest and Mildred Folcy of 152 West End ave., March 15, a daughter, Jean Marie. Keleher—To Joseph and Viola Keleher of 106 Washburn ave., •March 10. a son, Joseph Daniel. OUTHTTK&9 TO . CLOTHES MANHATTAN SHIRTS ADAM ^/Jt-r&^^' ' l»g^*^vV\':-'.% PRINCE STREET or Any St. South of Prince TO 25c Per Person DAY OR NIGHT - Fo: the Low Rate* Look for DRIVER with the CHAUFFEUR'S "U6" HAT * hav* MtaHhhed t&**@ law a; our pqltfy* @A *»r #@rr v# aoMd* your pa*MMg& FRONT 9TREET or Any Street .^forth o DAY OR NIGHT Hippity Hop to our CANDY SHOP for your EASTER CHOCOLATE You will find the largest selection in thq village—here at Easter Rabbit's headquarters—VIEBROCK'S! You'll find we're tops when it comes to YOUR favorite candies. And wait till you see the chocolate bunnies and eggs! Come in TODAY. VIEBROCK S 40 South Main Street Whitman — Epge 4 Shaw — Louis Sherry Candies TEE BEST SODAS AND ICE CREAM IN TEE VILLAGE E. D. EOPKE INITIATED IN LAW FRATERNITY Harold D. Hopke, son of Mr, and Mrs. George M. Hopke, of 67 California avenue, was Initiated into the Phi Delta Phi fraternity of the Brooklyn Law School at a iiinner in the Towers, Brooklyn, recently. Topke, a graduate oE in Htph School, 1939, enter* ej law school a Her attending Hof-stra for two years. II** is prest-ilenQ of his L-la^s and hia name" ia on the latet Jean's list. Science ond Health WITH Key to the Scriptures by MART BASER EDDY This trxthnuk as wrll a» other hy Mra. Eddy may b« rrad. bar roved or purrh»sM a: the CERISTIAN SCIENCE READING ROOM ELM PLACE and MERRICK ROAD 11:30 A. M. to 5 P. M. pally Except Sunday a and Moliday* RISK INSUANCE YOUR FIRE INSURANCE POLICY age Endorsement \o. 4" DOES NOT COVER FOR WAR OR BOMBARDMENT DAMAGE Wqr Risk Insuronce covers ogoinst oil Direct Physicol Loss by ony of the following: War. whether declared. or not. (3) Civil war, Knaurrtdtion, Rebellion, (t) MUltary or Uaurp«d_Pow*J* ---- — .-%—:.. ,,^^ — .._ ...... %.: . <5) Bombardment, '_32a*al.oE,Milltazy. - "(6)-Aarlal:Craft (hoatlle or otherwise} while engaged In active war service during war time. Including bomba, shells, or missiles dropped or thrown therefrom or discharged thereat. (7) Fir* and Explosion directly caused by any of the foregoing, whether originating on the premises or elsewhere. COST TO YOU $2.47!4 per $1,000.00 of Insuronce WM. F. WM. F. LACKEX 28 WEST MERRICK ROAD Next to the Post Office P H O N E 2819 Coal ".- KoppersCokA -:- Fuel Oil 8 BOATS MAO? 8TBEET , , J Ehoa* Breeport ?4?4 brilliant new Cochfnellel X new red—vi-brant *-.. exciting! Brought ^Helena Rubinstein to light up ^American ipomplexiona Tvith blazing new T»eau*y, Whether you are blonde, brunette, Titian—youq beauty wiH be more intense, more romantic, %noreprovoo» ative with Cochinelle, < In Helena Rubinstein's famona vclvot" textured Hpadcka* l^X), ). Rouge, l^X). Nail Groom, JO, DRUG &HOP (H. J, Cohen) THE ORIGINAL CUT RATE 76 1 Main St. 6,000 Circulation Naaaau County A VOICE AXB CHAMP-ION OF EVEB? LOCAL GROUP Aim WOBTBT MOVEMENT 6TB YEAR — NO. 44. FREETOBT, L. 1, 2T. ?., ATRIL 2, 1942 FIVE CENTS A COPY } Clergy Council i Plans Institute ^For Community ^ Speokers to Discuss ^ Relotions of Groups To Villoge Affoirs : The Inter-Fa itli Clergy Coun- : cil is to sponsor the second an- : 'nual institute which will be held i in the Freeport Methodist' Church : on Tuesday night, April 14. The ! theme to be considered by speak-ers representing various groups hi the village is "Freeportr—The Con-tributions of Its Religious, Educa-tional, and Civic Agencies Toward "Victory in a Time of War." Dr. Reginald Heber Scott, rector of the Transfiguration Episcopal Church, is chairman of the com-mittee in charge. Dr. Scott will preside, and the invocation will be given by the Rev. Dr. David G. Jaxhcimer. pastor of Christ Lutheran Church. Rabbi B. Leon Hurwltz of Temple Israel, will outline the values and purposes of the insti-tute, while the Rev. John J. Ma-hon, pastor of Our ikoly Redeemer R. C. Church and president of the council, will speak on the subject "Freeport and Its Inter-Faith LEADER CAN SAVE $1,000 FOR FREEPORT TAXPAYERS AS THE OFFICIAL PAPER Files Bid for Designotion Bosed on Minimum Legol Rote The Village Board ran gave the taxpayers of Free port approxi- $18,000 Fire Truck Delivered Here Freeport's $18.000 hook and lad-der was delivered to Truck Co. 1. on Church street. Monday by the Seagrave <?drp.. of Columbia. O, It haa a 100-foot aerial ladder and is the latest in Ore apparatus of its type. It now is being tested by mem-bers of the company and probably will be accepted by the Fire Coun-cil at its next meeting. The truck it replaces will be kept for ..... ,...«p«. ^,VM.» ^-.. _».,- _..;.._..- - J. ... _,p. , malely $1,000 during the next twelve months in the cost of lfpal,a» emergency, Chief Edward Ko-advcrlising if it will designate the Leader as its ofTirial paper when . hout announced, it nr?Hiiizps fnr 1942«t3 on Mundav nieht. ;}poft from various view-points i a series of nve-minute talks. Principal Martin M. Mansperger ;;. will speak for the high school, g^ Mayor Worden E. Winne for the ." Village Government, Chief Edward .^'. Kohout for the Fre Department, ' (Chief Peter Elar for the police, Lawrence L. Luther for the selec- : tive service board. Dr. Herman C. :i Bunker for tr*e Civil Defense :^ Council; President Robert E. Pat- ^. terson for the Chamber of Cpm- ^ merce, Arthur Hodges will consld-j-' er the daily paper and George W. •.j{* Goeller, the weekly, Mrs. E. Free- ^ man Miller the Red Cross, Martin ,:\ H. "Weyrauch will consider Free- ^port and it@ relation to adjacent [^communities, while George Morton Levy will bring the greetings of last year's speakers. Adjutant Joseph K Heard, of the Salvation Army, will be time keeper. There will be a reception committee consisting" of two wo* ^ Church organizes for 1942-13 Monday night. In fairness to Che Board, it has had no alternative to selecting a daily published in a neighboring village for several years because Freeport had no paper of its own. This condition ceased to exist last May when the Nassau County Leader was acquired by its pres-ent owner, a resident of Freeport for more than twenty-one years, and converted into a strictly local publication devoted only to the ad-vancement of Freeport and its' in-terests. Rates for legal advertising are fixed by law based on circulation. Consequently Freeport has been paying thirteen cents a line, or $1.56 an inch for such advertis-ing. The Leader .with its 9,000 cir- ^ B, csnts an Inch. Sut desiring to co-operate with the Board in reducing expenses, the publisher has Rled a bid based on the minimum of 7 cents a line for the nrst insertion, or 84 cents an inch, in its application for the official designation. How Money Can Be Saved This ^means a saving of 46 and two-thirteenths per cent, which while not involving a great deal on a single advertisement, would amount to a considerable sum in a year. The village paid $2,074 in legal advertising for the fiscal year ending February 28. If the Leader gets the 1942-43 designation and the advertising lineage is the same, the cost would be only $1,075 a reduction of $999 for twelve months. This includes the ajinual "tax sale for which $1,500 Is allotted in Khe budget. This amount can be reduced to $800 Jn the forth- Patterson Names Bond $ale Leaders Picks Representatives In Various Groups In Defense Drive Mrs. C. E. Breidenstein Dies in Her 81st Year Robert E. Patterson, chairman of the Defense Bond and Stamp StafT for Freeport has appointed key men and women to promote th? sale of stamps and bonds among various groups in the village. Milton Danziger heads the com-mittee representing the merchants •-sented in the icouncil, with dwarf M." Robins, president of ^ the- -Women's Society for Christian Service of the Methodist Church, as chairman. Mervin E. Powell will be chairmen of the ushers who will represent the various churches. Doniel J. Cormichoel Injured by Auto Daniel J. Carmlchael, of 114 (Lillian avenue, chief clerk of Se-lective Service Board 717 suffered the fracture of a small bone in his ht leg when he was hit by an tomobile Saturday afternoon, bile standing in the* street at Plaza Theatre on Sunrise car operated by a him as the driver to get away from the at the ft headquarters throughout the qg.lo;~tbe of-of Dr. David A. goming.J ._ with every -assur ^ ance that _it will "be .more than sufficient to "meet the bill. 23 cents a line,.the.. Board is paying for advertising that is reaching thousands of people who are not concerned and falling to reach many who are, because the present official paper is reaching only a portion of the people of the village, about 2,900 less homes than those into which The Leader is, delivered. Village advertising is for home consumption only. Residents of Rockville Centre, Lynbrook, Hemp-stead and Mineola are not Inter-ested in Freeport's affairs. This Is recognized by other Village Boards, each of which, with the exception of Bellerose and Freeport, has designated a local publication as its official paper. Pledges ef Economy A week ago Mayer Worden @* W6me issued Instructions for 4h» head of every a&eht to* eliminate 'every unneces-rkem from his estimate David Levy, Abraham Utwak and Jack Green. The Industrial division is headed by Leo , Sen loss, with Russell E. Hotaling? and Milford F.-VanRiper as his aides. Chairmen of other groups are as follows: John W. Dodd, all school divi-sion. Judge Hilbert R. Johnson, Ex-change Club. Oeorge DeFreist, "Lions Club. W. Sargeant Nixon, Klwanls. Mrs. Isabel Tree, Business Women. Edmund T. Cheshire, Freeport and Young Men's Republican Clubs. Mrs." Marie L. Mitchell, Free-port Democratic Club. S, W. Hunt, Freeport Village employees. : William Sanborn, North End Civic League. ------ Thomas N. DeClacpmo, Elks and South Sho^e YKcht Mrs. Catherine E. Brridenstein, widow of Conrad Briedenstein. died nt the home of her daughter, Mrs. Catherine Buhle. 25 Graff ing pi., last Friday. Mrs. Breidenstein, who was 80& yparse old, broke her hip in a {nil recently and death was due Lo the shock suffered in that accident. She was born in Belleville, N. Y., and had lived in Freeport for 18 years. Besides Mrs. Buhle, she leaves two daughters, Julia, of Freeport, and Mrs. Elmira Ross, of New York City; a son, Thomas Breidenstein, of West Hempstead, and a grandson, TSiomas Breiden-stein, jr. A requlemjma&a waacelo" "n%e3eem'er % Commerce Group Directors Propose 3 Types of Members Also Submit $2,000 Budget for Action At General Meeting C. Church Monday morning. Burial followed in St. Charles Cemetery. Tom Moore to Head School G.O. Three types of membership will be provided by the Freeport Cham-ber of Commerce if recommenda-tions of the Board of Directors are adopted at a general meeting of the group to be held in head-quarters nt 12 East Sunrise High-way next. Tuesday night at 9 oclock. At a luncheon meeting in Al White's Ttvem on Brooklyn avp-nue. Monday, the directors voted to recommend th»t, there be a . . class of membership for business and Industrial men at $15 a year; one for professional men at $10, and a third for commuters living in Frcciwrt nt $5 a year. At the same time » proposed budget of $2,000 to cover expenses for the fiscal year starting on April l, will be submitted for consideration. President Robert E. Patterson was authorized to apply to the Vil-lage Board to . gupp^. OqpA light- ^ ' ^^'"4?ot±^ Oakley Association. East Cl?lc Tom Moore was eleceted presi-dent of the Frceport High School General Organization l:;;t Friday; defeating Trudy Smith and An-thony di Gregorio for the honor. Other officers were named as follows: Charles Murphy and Ray-mond Wright, vice-president; "Mb* rion Robinson, secretary; Robert Willet, treasurer, and Barbara M^- Laughlin, social secretary. Miss Adella Mattson was re-elected fac-ulty treasurer, with Cecil MaHood-and William Tirrell as advisor*. FARBERS HAVE SON A son' was bom to Mr^ and Mrs*. Frank""Farher, of 161 Moody ave- ,-nue, in the Queens-Memorial Hos-pital on Wednesday, March 23. He has been named William. Women Quaf^y 4s Wefders For Grumman 4frcra/f Corp. Finish Nine Weeks' Course ' In Freeport High School Si% women, including Mrs. Loretta Di Lilla, of 122 Steven;* street, who were the first to complete the course in welding offered by the Freeport Vocational Department are now at work on the actual making of planes for the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corp., in Bethpagc. They spent nihe weeks in training, and several shortly. by possess others will be & Tlielr places other mechanically Inclined women desiring to prepare for work in the airplane industry. Candidates for the course should apply to the nearest TTnited States Employment mechanical ability and nounced as an- C&arenoe -Oeancr, director, are that have perfect eyesight. The school is In operation In the h&h school building every week day from 10 ajn. to 6 pjn^ under the instruc-tion of Miss Amy Carter of Hemp-atead. • Tn duatee. ait the tyre, on - aides of Main street/ as a. means of safeguarding them against burglaries. Announcement was made that the Chamber would be represented at a meeting to be sponsored by he Hcmpstuad Chamber of Com- HtTce, on Monday night. April 20, it which several items of interest o business men throughout Nas-au County will be considered. These are the Imposing of fees on Itinerant peddlers, a curb on canvassers, tt\.e installation of parking meters, a request for fi-nancial aid from villages for the promotion of sales days and Christmas booklets, the provision of financial , assistance to small business men during war times. Appointment of the following ommittces was announced by President Patterson: Membership ^— -Sidney Abclson, chairman; Leon Leonard, Miltoi Danzlger, Louis Applcton, Abra-ham Htwak, Herman Barasch, William Hald, TTorman Kupersmidt, David M. Levy, Benjamin SRpctor, Jack Green, Samuel Israel, Theo- Spttaaer;—I r v 1 n g-Orebinar^ Cord Vlebrock, Harry Wolf son, James Boulukos, Donald B. Smith, Morris Lelbowitz, Henry VonElm, Abraham Glegel and Benjamin Goldman. Ethics—Mr. Levy, chairman; W. 6argeant Nixon and Mr. Gleg el. Parks, Playgrounds and Parkin? Fields—Cord Viebrock, chairman; Mr. Barasch, David Daniels and Jacob Post. Industrial — Mr. Nixon, chair-man; (Mr. Oreblnar, Charles P. Buckley, Jr., Henry G. Avidan and Philip Nickelsberg. Transportation — Mr. baraach, chairman; Mr. Bald, Martin J. Nickel and Baymour Baumann. Publicity—Mr. Lltwak, chairman; Oeorge W. Ooeller and (Leo J. Bond and Stamp Stag—Mr. ;-&*?. Appleton, Green, Mr. Levy and Mr." Lltwak.
Object Description
|This is a newspaper distributed locally within Freeport and Baldwin, Long Island, New York
|Linda Toscano;
|L & M Publications, P.O. Box 312, 30 South Ocean Avenue, Suite 204, Freeport, New York 11520.;
|Nicolas Toscano, Michele Swersey, Joan Delaney.
|Freeport Memorial Library;
|United States
|Newspapers are Public Domain before 1 March 1989; and Digital Rights after that date transferred to Freeport Memorial Library by L & M Publications.;
|1942-04-02 1
:-•' &•
Windiwapt" Al:o
In Dmond; Books of
Current Interest
"Mission to .Moscow," by Am-bassador
Davics, and "Windswept,"
by Man* Ellen Ohaae, are the two
books leading In popularity st the
Freeport Memorial Library at the
present, according to Mis. Lena
Ruppert, the librarian.
Many books oT current Interest
Also are Included among the re-cent
purchases. The International
situation Is dealt with in such ti-tles
as "All Out on the Road to
Smolensk/' by Erskine Caldwell;
"White Olif'fs," a
Add tags for 1942-04-02 1
Post a Comment for 1942-04-02 1


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November 30 and December 1, 2011
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On November 30 and December 1, 2011, the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) convened a group of experts to form the Firearms and Violence Research Working Group. After considering the reviews presented and discussed at the meeting and presented below, the working group identified seven topical areas and subareas that if addressed would advance our understanding of firearms violence and identify effective strategies that could reduce gun-related violent crime.[1]
Maintain a focus on firearms and violence. In the 2010 review and assessment of NIJ, research on firearms and violence was identified as one of the few topics that had received sustained, directed and cumulative support.[2] The result, according to that report, was significant advances in our understanding of the aspect of crime in United States that accounts for the seriousness (i.e., lethality and degree of injury) of violent crime in our society. The Group noted that NIJ had not in recent years maintained this focus on firearms and violent crime, that no other federal research agency had addressed this topic, that few foundations supported basic research on this topic, and that the absence of support had resulted in a significant reduction in the amount of research and the numbers of researchers focusing on this topic. The absence of long-term support and concentrations of research excellence has resulted in a decline in the creation of new knowledge — basic and applied.
The Group concluded that the continuing lethality and seriousness of crime in the United States require continued investment in gun-related crime issues that should include a long-term commitment to topics and centers of excellence and require an ongoing mechanism for research agencies to expand and coordinate their efforts. The maintenance of a technical working group on this topic would assist NIJ in providing leadership in this research area.
Advancing basic knowledge on the acquisition of firearms used in crimes and defensive gun use. Largely due to the work supported by NIJ, we have accumulated a comprehensive description of the role of firearms in crime. Unfortunately, these "facts" are dispersed across many disciplines, are not widely known, and are sometimes distorted for partisan reasons. Although the National Research Council (NRC) report [3] documented many of these "facts" the Group recommends that the research working group on firearms and violence be tasked with assembling a document that summarizes these findings and providing a review of the document that would assure widespread acceptance and recognition of what we currently know about the relationship between firearms and violent crime.
In the 1990s NIJ supported research to determine how individuals acquired the firearms that were used in the commission of crimes. These studies, although important additions to our understanding about the acquisition of firearms by criminals, are now almost 20 years old, and the methods used in these studies need significant improvement. The Group suggests that new efforts be undertaken to use improved methodologies to study and better understand the ways in which all criminals who use guns in the commission of their crimes acquire those guns. The first step in this effort would be the development of methodologies that would provide better estimates of gun acquisition than those used in the 1990 studies.
Studies of defensive gun use to date have focused primarily on estimating the number of times guns are used to prevent crimes. The NRC report identified the limitations of these approaches and established what appears to be today a reasonable estimate of the range of the number of times guns are used to prevent crimes. The next step in this research area should focus on the process of defensive gun use. This would be an effort to move beyond an estimation of extent to an understanding of the decision process that occurs during a potential crime in which a potential victim uses a gun to deter the criminal. The same kinds of studies should be undertaken in the topical area of right-to-carry. While the debate continues on the impact of right-to-carry laws on crime, almost no information is available on when and where individuals who have been granted the right to carry a weapon actually use the weapon to deter crime. Nor have there been detailed cost/benefit analyses of the actual use of guns for defensive purposes. Getting into the "black box" of defensive gun use will allow us to move beyond debates about the extent of defensive gun use to an understanding of when and how it happens. This has become even more important with the expansion of "stand your ground laws" which are intended to further establish the legal foundation for defensive gun use.
In recent years, police have developed numerous violence reduction programs that target gun violence. NRC has determined that these programs are highly effective in achieving gun violence reductions.[4] In some instances, the communities that are the target of these violence reduction efforts have resisted or not been properly prepared to cooperate with the police. Although we understand that the community needs to play an important role in violence reduction, little research has been conducted to identify the sources of community resistance. The Group believes that a focus on understanding these sources of resistance and how to develop violence-reduction programs that are supported by the community is critical. Related to these issues is the question of why concentrations of gun violence persist and return after successful interventions. Understanding how to reduce gun violence for the long term will be an important part of the effort to improve our knowledge of how to effectively mobilize the community in gun crime reductions.
Criminal justice topical areas. Hot spots policing is established as an effective evidence-based intervention for gun violence. What is not known is why and how these interventions work. Is it increases in guardianship; deterrence; social space uses — why do the variety of interventions labeled hot spots work, why do they vary in their effectiveness, and why do some persist longer than others? If we could answer these questions, we could further develop this already effective intervention.
Many critics of new efforts to reduce gun violence suggest that what we need to do is more fully enforce the prohibitions in place, especially for high risk offenders. Included in this suggestion is the issue of the optimum length of some prohibitions. The Group agreed that there has been no research to date to address the issue of full enforcement of existing federal and state prohibitions and little recent work on the issue of their length. This effort would best be done experimentally in jurisdictions that have available to them a wide range of options including enhanced sentences, restrictions on gun possession for high risk categories, and alternatives to traditional processing of gun offenders.
As with other aspects of criminal justice processing, little is known about the role prosecutors play in the efforts to reduce gun violence, especially with regard to prosecutions to disrupt drug markets. In addition, more research is needed on how bail amounts are set for gun offenses, the impact of the various forms of gun courts, and the impact of differences in how judges hand down sentences for similar gun offenses/offenders. The group suggests that a concentrated research effort on how gun crimes and gun market crimes are developed and prosecuted would materially increase our understanding of how to improve the use of the criminal justice system to deter gun crimes and disrupt gun markets.
Prevention topical areas. The group concluded that prevention continues to be an underdeveloped research area. As the NRC report concluded, no prevention programs have been rigorously demonstrated to be effective. In part, this is because so little research support has been provided to this type of research. The group urges the development and testing of gun violence prevention programs based on general prevention theory. A particular focus should be on collaboration with health systems and providers in terms of the use and study of individual and environmental level data and interventions, to better target high risk persons and places.
Gun markets topical areas. There was widespread consensus in the group that research on how guns are acquired for criminal use and how those acquisition lines can be disrupted is vital. This has been mentioned above. In addition to the topics discussed above, this research area should include studies of the "life cycle" of crime guns (tracing guns from the gun crime to the manufacturer, identifying all intermediate owners and possessors and their means of acquisition). This research would assist in identifying possible new ways to disrupt acquisition of guns for use in crimes.
Improving data on guns in the United States. The conclusions of the NRC report on this topic are still true. Improved data on gun possession, gun acquisition, and gun use are needed. While there are legitimate concerns about the accuracy of current measures and while there are legitimate concerns about the ability of survey methods to measure such a sensitive topic, the group believes a program of research on ways to improve measures of these topics is necessary to provide us with measures that have greater acceptability and known estimates of measurement error. This work could lay the foundation for addressing many of the questions surrounding guns and violent crime that to date have proven to be difficult to resolve.
Comparative research topics. The group noted that there are efforts ongoing in other countries that touch on all of the topical areas noted above. The group suggests that it would be useful to monitor these efforts, participate in them where appropriate, and establish multinational research efforts when necessary.
Dr. Charles Wellford opened the meeting as facilitator and asked participants to introduce themselves and also provide some information about their connection to research on firearms and violence (see agenda and list of participants).
Dr. John Laub, Director of NIJ, welcomed everyone to the meeting. He said that NIJ is striving to lead research on crime and justice including firearms and violence. To do that, NIJ is developing a cutting-edge research agenda and building a cumulative knowledge base. He said that NIJ is giving increasing attention to how scientific knowledge is diffused. NIJ is using translational medicine as a model and exploring ways that NIJ can develop a translational criminology.Dr. Laub told the group that NIJ has formed topical working groups in the Office of Research and Evaluation to assist the field in the identification of key research questions, issues and gaps in knowledge. He also said that NIJ is promoting research on issues such as firearms and violence by coordinating and creating partnerships with other organizations, agencies and constituencies. He suggested that challenges and obstacles make it difficult to work with a topic such as firearms and violence as it is full of ideology, but with little research or established methodology. In this regard, Dr. Laub expressed appreciation to participants for volunteering to help NIJ and the field.
View Charles Wellford's Slides
Dr. Charles Wellford from the University of Maryland reviewed findings and recommendations from the National Research Council (NRC) 2005 panel study and resulting report, Firearms and Violence: A Critical Review Exit Notice. He chaired the NRC panel, sharing editing responsibilities with John Pepper and Carol Petrie.
By 2005, research indicated that higher rates of household gun ownership appear to be associated with higher rates of gun suicides, illegal diversion from legitimate commerce is an important source of guns used to commit crimes and suicides, firearms are used defensively many times per day, and some types of targeted law enforcement interventions may lower gun-related crimes. Dr. Wellford reported that the panel found no credible evidence to suggest that right-to-carry laws decrease or increase crime. Also at the time of the report, there was no research to show that the more than 80 gun violence prevention programs the committee examined had any effect on children's behavior, knowledge, attitudes or beliefs about firearms.
The NRC panel found that many questions surrounding firearms and violence cannot be addressed with existing data and research. Existing research and data remain too weak to support policy development. For instance, research concerning defensive gun use is so disparate in data and methods that huge differences in results cannot be explained. The methodology necessary for unraveling causal relationships between firearms policy and violence was seldom employed or adequately developed in the research reviewed by the panel. Many policy dilemmas remained problematic at the time of the report, including the need for public authorities to carefully consider conflicting constitutional issues, facts and opinions regarding firearms and violence, and where the balance lies in the costs and benefits of private gun ownership.
Dr. Wellford reviewed report recommendations including federal government support for a systematic program of data collection and research specifically addressing firearms and violence. Current ownership data are limited and little scientific data exist on firearms markets. He suggested that the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) begins to address this problem, but only 22 states have adopted it to date, and funding support for the states continues to be an issue.
In addition to much-needed development of data and methods, further research is needed on markets, defensive gun use, right-to-carry laws, suicide and criminal justice interventions. He suggested this meeting of the working group would contribute up-to-date information to the discussion and identify important research issues, questions and gaps for consideration by the field of research on firearms and violence.
View Ed McGarrell's Slides
Dr. Ed McGarrell from Michigan State University presented information on evaluation research involving criminal justice interventions since the 2005 NRC report on firearms and violence, including gun courts, enhanced sentencing, mandatory sentencing, place-based and problem-oriented policing, policing gun hot spots, policing violent gun offenders and Project Safe Neighborhoods.
Gun courts. Dr. McGarrell said that specialized courts appear to be emerging as another way to divert gun offenders from the system. He reported a recent study in Alabama that demonstrated lower recidivism rates among participants, although the research design was not very strong. Other jurisdictions have begun using gun courts including Brooklyn, N.Y., Cambridge, Mass., Philadelphia, Pa., Providence, R.I., and Queens, N.Y. He said more research is needed using better methodology.
Enhanced and mandatory sentences for using a gun when committing a crime. The NRC panel reviewed 10 studies involving sentencing for gun crimes, and suggested that there is some evidence of some impact on some crimes in some locations. Dr. McGarrell said that to date findings are mixed and implementation issues notable in existing research. It is not unusual for prosecutors, for example, to drop offenses carrying mandatory sentences in plea bargaining to secure convictions in other charged crimes. Results from one study evaluating Project Exile, which included gun prosecutions as a main component, suggest that homicide was reduced. However, mandatory sentencing studies have provided mixed and contradictory results with limited evidence of impact.
Domestic violence prohibitions. Dr. McGarrell summarized three studies that have been conducted since the NRC report assessing reductions in violence as a result of prohibiting firearms possession by domestic violence offenders. Although results are promising, he suggested more study is needed in this and other areas of prohibiting firearms from specific groups such as mentally ill persons, noncitizens and domestic violence offenders.
Place-based problem-oriented policing. More research has been accomplished in the area of place-based and problem-oriented policing since the NRC report. He summarized a few examples of interventions that have been implemented effectively. Recent evaluations have demonstrated the effectiveness of Philadelphia's foot patrol and Jacksonville's problem-oriented policing in violent crime hot spots. He suggested that more research be directed toward the sustainability of intervention effects associated with this type of action research.
Policing gun hotspots. Dr. McGarrell reviewed three recent studies providing further support for reducing gun violence hot spots, but all have some methodological limitations. Remaining hot spots research issues include the need to demonstrate long-term effects, substitution, adaptation and deterrence. He reiterated the NRC committee recommendation for sustained and systematic research on the impacts of different problem-oriented place-based interventions such as gun suppression patrols, targeted policing approaches and removal of high-risk guns.
Policing violent gun offenders. Dr. McGarrell then talked about interventions with known gun offenders. He highlighted a St. Louis program targeting juvenile offenders that sent officers to residences to request permission from parents to search the home for guns. They surprisingly received much cooperation from parents and appeared to have some effect on gun violence. Evaluation research on the popular Boston Operation Ceasefire program has showed an association between the program and a decline in violence, but the research design left some efficacy questions unanswered. The NRC committee recommended a sustained and systematic program of research on focused deterrence and prosecution. A series of other program evaluations have been published in peer-reviewed journals since then. They found similar results in Indianapolis, Ind., Lowell, Mass., Chicago, Ill., Stockton, Calif., and Cincinnati, Ohio, with most employing quasi-experimental methods similar to those used in evaluating Boston's Ceasefire.
Project Safe Neighborhoods. As a major Department of Justice initiative launched in 2001, Project Safe Neighborhoods (PSN) funded task forces with all U.S. Attorneys' Offices in the United States. Dr. McGarrell and Michigan State University provided training for the program sites and evaluated the overall PSN initiative. Training curriculum for task forces was based on Project Exile (Richmond) and Boston CeaseFire. He reported that a third to half of the PSN sites used program components such as call-in notification meetings for known gun crime offenders, probation/parole offender home visits, gun incident reviews, and cooperation with federal and local law enforcement such as joint gun case screening. The evaluation assessed implementation by looking at the local level of federal gun prosecution, the quality of local partnerships, and integration of research findings into program components. Findings suggest that target cities in higher implementation districts saw greater reductions in reported violent crime. Major limitations involved possible preexisting differences in target treatment and comparison cities. He added that a recent meta-analysis indicates that focused deterrence strategies may be generally associated with medium-sized crime reduction effects.
Dr. McGarrell briefly reviewed some ongoing research including reentry programs that are targeting violent ex-prisoners with focused deterrence strategies in Boston and Chicago. Early results suggest that this approach has some impact at the community level, but the cause of these effects is still unclear. Also, Hawaii Opportunity Probation with Enforcement (HOPE) was evaluated with a randomized control design, which showed significant reductions in arrests, positive drug tests, probation revocations and subsequent days in prison. The Comprehensive Anti-Gang Initiative (CAGI), another NIJ-funded evaluation using this approach, has shown no overall effect. But, it again appears that level of implementation is associated with effects, with high-implementation sites experiencing greater declines in reported crime than low-implementation and non-CAGI sites.
Criminal Justice Interventions — Discussion
Discussion around criminal justice interventions was far ranging and included place-based, hot spots, and focused deterrence programs and other strategies targeting firearms violence. Sentencing policy and options and alternative sanctions like specialty courts were also discussed. The group also spent some time talking about non-criminal justice interventions such as community prevention, background checks, protection orders and exclusionary policies.
Some working group participants described a public health intervention developed in Cardiff, Wales. The intervention involves identification of the locations of violent incidents associated with victims coming to emergency rooms and trauma centers. Violent hot spots are then targeted with interventions involving multidisciplinary teams delivering component prevention services. The model is apparently becoming popular in the U.S., with about 20 hospital-based centers currently implementing this strategy in an effort to reduce violence in communities.
Participants also talked about the nature of change in communities and how it seems that communities must express, in some way, a readiness to change to reduce problems like firearms violence. Evaluations like PSN show that dynamic relationships in communities are related to program implementation and to intervention outcomes. There was much discussion around community readiness for change and implementation of interventions to reduce problems like gun violence. There was general agreement about the need for further research on dynamics and conditions for change in communities, including community organizing and preparing communities for change.
There was also discussion regarding the "black-box" methodology typically used in trying to evaluate these interventions and the need for greater use of qualitative and mixed methods to identify adequately the reasons for results coming from multiple component programs and complex interventions. Each aspect of programs or strategies should be described and measured as implemented throughout the process of instigating these interventions to completion of programs and longitudinal follow-up. It was suggested that research in criminal justice needs to borrow methods from other disciplines in measuring implementation processes and other dynamics associated with community interventions.
The Chicago Cease Fire program and the Pittsburgh One Vision program were discussed as non-criminal justice interventions with mixed results. Both programs deployed non-criminal justice staff to intervene in situations that appear likely to result in violence. Where the Chicago program was able to demonstrate effects in multiple locations, the Pittsburgh program suffered implementation and research design problems that may have contributed to null findings.
Participants discussed how non-criminal justice interventions in other areas such as health, nutrition and recreation also appear to have an impact on violence in communities. Many of these efforts are being combined to target multiple outcomes. There seem to be general consensus that non-criminal justice, community and preventive interventions are worthy of further study in relationship to firearms violence (as further discussed later in the meeting).
There was also general agreement that criminal justice research on hot spots and place-based interventions should continue, but research designs and methods should be improved to include measurement of program components, implementation processes and mechanisms related to explaining outcomes, and discounting alternative explanations for program effects. There also is a need to assess the sustainability of these interventions once a demonstration is over and project funding has come to an end. Suggestions for further intervention and policy research ranged from gun courts and other sentencing options to focusing scarce resources on high-risk individuals and distinct types of firearms violence, and demonstrating outcomes related to community violence prevention and reduction. There also were suggestions for better research to understand community dynamics and climates, and optimal ways of approaching communities in the process of preparing for and sustaining change.
View David Hemenway's Slides
Dr. Hemenway from the Injury Control Research Center and the Youth Violence Prevention Center at Harvard University noted that no one on the 2005 NRC Firearms and Violence panel was an injury-control professional and few worked directly in public health. He suggested that the inclusion of a public health representative may have served to broaden the scope of the report and recommendations resulting from the study.
Dr. Hemenway suggested that a public health perspective is important because it focuses on assets as well as liabilities in communities. He said that a public health perspective includes intervention through prevention (what can you do before crime), through a proactive (versus reactive) approach involving the community, with no assessment of fault or blame, and a systems perspective to preventing problems like firearms violence in the first place.
He provided an example in the decline of auto fatalities. Traffic deaths are often the result of deliberate unlawful behavior by drivers (speeding, reckless driving, drunk driving). He said that over time policy responses to the problem were implemented through law enforcement and public health attention to cars, roads and drivers. He suggested that a combination of these types of factors has resulted in a 90-percent reduction in traffic fatalities over time. Dr. Hemenway stressed that public health brings together a wide array of interests in targeting social problems and norms related to problems like auto fatalities and firearms violence.
He then provided examples of how public health data systems have helped us understand problems like firearms violence. Using data from data collections like the National Violent Death Reporting System and other local surveys, we now know that most victims of firearms violence are younger than 15 years and are often unintentionally shot by a sibling or other acquaintance. As it relates to violence, a local survey in Boston has shown a relationship between hours of sleep and aggression among youth. and that schools with earlier start times appear to have more aggression as well. These kinds of facts help us to understand problems like firearms violence and develop preventive solutions. He then talked about his book, While We Were Sleeping, which provides further examples of public health success stories.
Dr. Hemenway then discussed research concerning firearms-related suicides and defensive use of firearms with implications for prevention. He said research suggests a positive relationship between gun ownership and suicide, and a number of facts indicate preventive interventions may be needed. For instance, although suicide attempts with firearms are most lethal compared to other means, risk of substitution in suicide is very small. Evidence shows that suicide is often impulsive and risks are often transitory. Of near-lethal suicide attempts, 70 percent of individuals contemplated doing it for less than an hour, and fewer than 10 percent attempted it again. Facts like these suggest possible prevention strategies such as means restriction.
He provided examples of a primary prevention program called the Harvard Means Matter Campaign, which is an Internet-based program targeting state health departments. Information for prevention is provided. For instance, if young people are depressed, removing guns from the home is encouraged. ED-SAFE is another prevention model that involves some means-restriction interventions including emergency and trauma departments in addition to schools. Another initiative involves meeting with gunshop owners to find ways they can reduce risk for suicide.
Dr. Hemenway talked about the need for more research and data regarding self-defensive gun use. There is little recent research in this area beyond what we already know about guns reducing both physical harm and monetary loss in self-defense situations, and that running away or hiding are better strategies than calling the police. In terms of property loss, having a gun seems to be effective. Some survey results suggest, however, most uses are viewed as socially undesirable, especially hostile gun displays, and many are illegal.
Working group participants discussed issues, questions and gaps related to public health and prevention, firearms and violence research. Most discussion reflected a general consensus regarding the need for more basic information to better describe gun violence incidents of all kinds. Basic descriptive information is generally lacking from which interventions could be effectively developed and tested within and outside the criminal justice system. There was an expressed need for further research on right-to-carry laws and their progeny, the effect on acquisition of permits and who is carrying weapons. Also needed is more research on self-defense policies (stand-your-ground and castle laws), what constitutes a threat and how it relates to firearms violence. It was suggested that the current variety of related policies and statutes being enacted and implemented across the United States may provide an ongoing policy experiment that should be studied.
Working group participants also identified the need for more research regarding perceptions the general public has about the relationship between firearms and violence and the reality of the relationship between firearms use and violence. For instance, it may be useful to closely examine or review a group of incidents such as nonintentional gun accidents, defensive uses and aggravated assaults to learn more about the dynamics of these situations. It would be useful to examine further highest risk demography (such as children under the age of 15) within public health approaches to prevention of firearms homicide. It may be helpful to disaggregate gun crimes and study individual crimes such as domestic assault, armed robbery and aggravated assault/homicide with a gun.
Day Two — December 1, 2011
Dr. Wellford noted that day two was to include a discussion of gun markets research by Dr. Anthony Braga; Dr. Braga, however, was unfortunately taken ill at the last minute and could not attend. He said that Dr. Jonathon Caulkins volunteered to provide some thoughts for discussion based upon his research with drug markets, and Agent Charles Houser agreed to talk briefly about firearms tracing at the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF).
Dr. Caulkins said that some generalization is possible between research in the areas of drugs and firearms markets. Many aspects of current firearms markets research are parallel, including such things as categories of access, trafficking and other sources of illegal guns such as theft. He said that it is interesting to note, for instance, that a third of all guns used in homicide are acquired illegally. Dr. Caulkins believes that the market perspective is valuable in the field of firearms and violence research. His own work in drug markets illustrates the value of monitoring aspects like price, for example, when studying any illicit market. He warned that firearms are durable goods and looking at simple and isolated variables such as quantity probably biases what can be learned from such research. Dr. Caulkins suggests firearms research needs to provide a more complete picture or description of transactions including chain of supply and life cycle. He suggests it may be more productive to study the issue prospectively rather than retrospectively. More research is needed to describe the life cycle of firearm ownership as well as life cycle of the firearm. More aspects such as inventory, turnover and history also need to be measured to better describe markets. Dr. Caulkins suggested that greater differentiation is needed regarding types of crimes committed with guns as well as the many types of situations in which firearms are used.
Special Agent Charles Houser briefly discussed gun tracing by ATF. As chief of the division, Special Agent Houser oversees a program implemented in 1988, which has grown from 48,000 tracing requests in the first year to more than 300,000 last year. Tracing data are added value to an investigation providing links between suspects and crimes. Tracing increasingly contributes to investigations concerning trafficking and illicit distribution of firearms worldwide. Computerization has contributed greatly to the program, and the process recently has become more efficient in converting to an Internet-based information system.
Special Agent Houser said ATF receives about 1,400 tracing requests every day, although there are still problems presented in current tracing technology. For instance, misidentification of weapons still remains a basic problem. A serial number alone is not a unique identifier of a firearm. Other identifiers are necessary, and most failed submissions are because the firearm has not been adequately identified. He said that an Internet-based system has increased data availability and further sharing of information among law enforcement agencies engaged in criminal investigations. Research on markets, supply and demand is very useful in practice, and further research is needed as firearms are related to violence in many ways all over the world.
Dr. John Pepper from the University of Virginia provided brief comments regarding the working group discussion related to emerging issues concerning methods and data collection. Lack of good data continues to be the biggest problem in research on firearms violence, as it is in much of criminal justice research. Separate issues involve whether needed research can be productive given current methodologies, and what methodological issues need to be addressed. But, the biggest problem area seems to be the lack of valid and reliable data. He suggested we address how to feasibly acquire and provide the necessary resources to collect better data. He suggested that more research on perceptions of the relationship between firearms use and violence may be useful, as would data on implementation, how different regulations are enforced, and how the criminal justice system implements laws and regulations related to firearms. Mixed-methods research on perceptions about firearms and implementation may go a long way to help us better describe processes and dynamic systems involved in firearms violence.
Dr. Pepper said that further use of ecological studies may be of limited utility and suggested that it may be more useful to promote case-control studies that particularly attend to issues of validity. Lastly, he said much more is needed in the development of theory about firearms use and violence. In a world of bad data, one option may be to plow forward and come up with answers, but it may be more productive to spend more time developing more theory as we develop better measurements and methodologies.
Discussion ensued regarding firearms markets and tracing systems research, including issues concerning valid and reliable ways of measuring market-based variables such as price, supply and demand, differences and similarities, overlaps between legal and illegal markets, and firearms as currency in drugs and other organized crime. There was general agreement regarding the need for research to look at separate and distinct areas or "silos" of firearms violence like suicide, crime types, crimes of passion versus planned crimes and self-defensive use.
Day One: Wednesday, November 30, 2011
9:00-9:15 a.m.: Welcome and Introductions — Charles Wellford
9:15-9:30 a.m.: Opening Remarks — John Laub
9:30-10:00 a.m.: Firearms and Violence: A Critical Review — Charles Wellford
10:00-10:30 a.m.: Break
10:30-11:30 a.m.: Criminal Justice Interventions: Research and Discussion — Ed McGarrell
11:30 a.m.–1:00 p.m.: Lunch
1:00-2:00 p.m.: Criminal Justice Interventions: Identification of Research Issues, Questions and Gaps
2:00-3:00 p.m.: Public Health and Prevention Theory in Firearms: Research and Discussion — David Hemenway
3:00-3:30 p.m.: Break
3:30-4:30 p.m.: Prevention Theory: Identification of Research Issues, Questions and Gaps
Day Two: Thursday, December 1, 2011
9:00-9:30 a.m.: Recap Day One — Charles Wellford
9:30-10:30 a.m.: Emerging Issues in Research Methods and Data Collection — John Pepper
10:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.: Discussion, Summary, Next Steps and Farewells
Roseanna AnderUniversity of Chicago
Jonathan CaulkinsCarnegie Mellon University
Rose CheneyUniversity of Pennsylvania
David HemenwayHarvard University
Charles HouserBureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms & Explosives
John H. LaubNational Institute of Justice
Lois MockConsultant
John PepperUniversity of Virginia
John SpencerBureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms & Explosives
Howard SpivakCenters for Disease Control and Prevention
Charles WellfordUniversity of Maryland
Garen WintemuteUniversity of California – Davis
[1] Consistent with the theme of the National Research Council's report on firearms and violence (Wellford, Petrie and Pepper, 2005), the working group's analysis of research needs recognized the limits articulated in the Supreme Court's Heller decision (554 U.S. 570, 2008). Nothing in the working group's discussion or in its analysis of research needs requires or anticipates any changes in the current interpretation of the meaning of the Second Amendment for reducing gun-related crime. Each of the topics discussed below is consistent with the individual right to possess firearms that has been articulated by the Court.
[2] National Research Council, Strengthening the National Institute of Justice, Committee on Assessing the Research Program of the National Institute of Justice, C.F. Wellford, B.M. Chemers, and J.A. Schuck, Editors, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press, 2010.
[3] National Research Council, Firearms and Violence: A Critical Review, Committee to Improve Research Information and Data on Firearms, Charles F. Wellford, John V. Pepper, and Carol V. Petrie, editors, Committee on Law and Justice, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press, 2005.
[4] National Research Council, Firearms and Violence: A Critical Review, Committee to Improve Research Information and Data on Firearms, Charles F. Wellford, John V. Pepper, and Carol V. Petrie, editors, Committee on Law and Justice, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press, 2005.


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You have to understand the boss's point of view...
No. There is no excuse for facilitating criminal acts, especially when they put the lives of others at risk. Businesses exist to make money but that's no excuse for such disgusting and immoral behaviour. She should have got a promotion for what she did.
She has zero grounds as far as suing. Ohio is a work at will state, unless she specifically requested an employment contract. Such a thing would never happen for a bartender position.
The employer broke no law in terminating her employment. Yes, her situation is unfair, as is life. But legally she has no recourse.
That's disgusting. It must be pretty sickening to live in a place that treats you as nothing more than a commodity.


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Obama Will Expand Overtime to 40 Percent of Salaried American Workers
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How the Supreme Court Ruling on Same-Sex Marriage Could Affect Employee Benefits
On Friday, the Supreme Court handed down its decision in Obergefell v. Hodges, effectively legalizing gay marriage in the 13 states in which it wasn't...>
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Discretionary time for adults feels like a thing of the past. How often are most of us able to wake up and decide what to do today? Almost never. It c...>
Tell us about your current job and your skillset, and we'll let you know how much employers are paying in your area.


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I never used to eat beans so it is new to me. There is so many types and I try to eat some beans every day. My question is what is your favourite type of beans and in what dish? Would there be a type of beans that is healthier than others?
Oh beans!! My favorite topic!! They are all so good for you for a variety of reasons. No need to favor one over another.
Personally, I love small beans that cook quickly. I am not the most patient chef in the world. So I tend to favor red lentils (done in less than 15 minutes) and mung beans (cute little guys that cook in under 30 minutes). Neither requires soaking! And they digest easily too.
Susan Levin, MS, RDPCRM Director of Nutrition Education
You're right - there are SO many new options.
Black beans for chili or bean patties - these are our go-to, we've usually got some on hand ready to go (we cook a big batch at once then use them as needed)
Small white beans - soups and BBQ baked beans, recipes where you don't want something as visual as black beans jumping out at you
chickpeas (garbanzos) - HUMMUS! we also make a chickpea salad that's akin to tuna or egg salad (a bit higher in fat with the faux mayo or other creamy mixer - mashed avocado works well in this as a mayo sub if it will be eaten quickly, otherwise the avocado browns) - the key to hummus is HOT beans, so if we've got some chickpeas that have cooled already, we'll make a "not-tuna" salad for wraps and salads. Just whir the beans a few times in a food pro until broken but not mushed, then add whatever you like for tuna salad (celery, mustard, mayo, pickle, onion, etc) and whir until combined.
We'll throw any beans we've got handy into a stir fry or with rice and veggies or beans & rice with tomato sauce and spices (can go Italian, Tex-Mex, Asian, etc).
Red lentil soup is one of my winter favs (who knew?! ) - red lentils get soft and creamy wherer the other types tend to hold onto more firmness when cooked. Lentils and rice together work well too.
Hana wrote:
I'm with Susan - BIG bean fan and for so many reasons. They give satiety like nothing else - that means they have carry power through the rest of the day and even affect satiation at your next meal. Full of fiber, good carbohydrate and protein, and they are so dang good!
Hard to pick on favorites. Black beans and pintos. And garbanzos are so versatile, I love them in grated veggie salads or tossed on greens, and then of course there's the hummmus. Probably most often I do as Susan does - use the lentils in soups because they cook so quickly, especially in the pressure cooker.
Lani Muelrath, M.A. CGFI, CPBN Fit Quickies: The Plant-Based Fitness Book
I have a big salad everyday and put a handful of chickpeas in that.
Thank you all for the tips.
I love dipping veg or pretzels into hummus and also really love the brownies made from black beans: http://happyherbivore.com/recipe/vegan-blackbean-brownies/YUM!
I'm cooking up a big pot of beans every weekend (different variety of beans each week!) then I google recipes to use with that kind of bean.For example, on black bean week we had black bean and orange salad, black bean soup, and black bean spread. Then I "keep" any especially good recipe!
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Marquette's sabbatical program was announced by then University President, Fr. John Raynor, S.J., on October 10, 1974. the program began in the academic year 1976-77.
The sabbatical program is funded in part by the difference between regular faculty salary and the salary paid to replacement staff. Since the difference is not sufficient, the University regularly supplies additional funding.
The purpose of sabbatical leave, as described in the University statutes, is to allow a respite from classroom activities and other academic duties, and to provide an opportunity to pursue "a significant program of scholarly self-development calculated to enhance the teaching or other scholarly capabilities of the faculty member and to which the faculty member proposes to devote himself or herself over substantially the entire sabbatical term."
To be eligible for sabbatical leave a faculty member must be a member of the Regular Tenured Faculty. Regular Faculty refers to those appointed to one of the Regular ranks — Instructor, Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, or Professor. Since no Instructors are tenured, they are not eligible for sabbatical leave.
To be eligible for sabbatical leave in a given academic year, a faculty member must, normally, have been principally engaged during each of the six academic years preceding the sabbatical year, in regular scholarly work (teaching and research) of the Regular Faculty.


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|Carburetors Carb discussion and questions. Upgrading your Third Gen's carburetor, swapping TBI to carburetor, or TPI to carburetor? Need LG4 or H.O. info? Post it here.
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The Centre is inclusive, in that it welcomes participation from United Nations Member States, intergovernmental agencies, sectoral and industry associations recognized by the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) as well as the private sector, from which much of UN/CEFACT's technical expertise comes.
UN/CEFACT facilitates the development of e-business standards that can cross all international boundaries and help lower transaction costs, simplify data flow and reduce bureaucracy.
Work outputs of UN/CEFACT activities include ebXML, UN/CEFACT's Modeling Methodology (UMM) and UN/EDIFACT.
A cornerstone of the "UN/CEFACT approach" is the Core Component Technical Specification (CCTS).
Picture of the future of a holistic UN/CEFACT-based e-Business stack: "From EDI to UN/CEFACT - An Evolutionary Path towards a Next Generation e-Business Stack": In the course of the NCEB2006 conference (5th International Conference on e-Business), an evolutionary path towards the most promising solution in e-Business and e-Government that is developed by UN/CEFACT is presented.