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The owners of Australia's Fusion Retail Brands have hired PwC to explore options for a sale, starting with finding potential buyers for the JAG and Diana Ferrari brands, the company said. JAG operates 28 stores and Diana Ferrari has 35 branded stores and is also sold in department stores including David Jones and Myer Holdings.
View Full Article in:Wall Street Journal, The
Published in Brief:


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$174.00 Buy It Now <1m
Description: Gorgeous oil painting on canvas of a Van Gogh repro. Exceptional details! The use of rich colors and light & shadow are incredible. Sophisticated use of colors. This painting has been stretched on wooden bar and custom framed by a specialist and professionally mounted to frame with steel wire on back ready-to-hang. This piece is absolutely stunning and would give great ambiance anywhere it is hung.
Size/Dimensions: 27" X 39".
(Painting size: 24 X 36)
Frame: Elegant 2" matte black wood frame. - FRAME IS INCLUDED IN AUCTION!
Shipping: Ready-to-ship via FEDEX to US (not including Hawaii, Alaska) INCLUDES INSURANCE. Professionally packed with layers of cushion - never had problems with shipping this way as I have shipped artwork from my retail art gallery numerous times.
© 2008-2015 PicClick LLC.

subset: commoncrawl


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Banged-up Cowboys beat up Eagles 17-3
PHILADELPHIA Nick Foles wasted his chance to win the No. 1 QB job one incomplete pass at a time.
Matt Barkley threw an interception on every series in his NFL debut.
Turns out, the only Philadelphia Eagles quarterback who came away a winner may have been the injured Michael Vick. His job should be waiting for him whenever he returns from an injured left hamstring.
Foles and Barkley proved to be a disaster of QB tag team, and the Philadelphia Eagles never generated any sustained offense in a 17-3 loss to the Dallas Cowboys on Sunday.
Foles was 11 of 29 for a paltry 80 yards with no interceptions or touchdowns before he was sidelined with a head injury on the last play of the third quarter. With Vick inactive, Barkley made his debut and threw three interceptions - and had another wiped out because of a penalty.
So much for Philly's blossoming quarterback controversy.
"I was maybe a little too aggressive on some of those throws, trying to advance the ball down the field and help our team win," Barkley said. "I learned a lot today. I'll learn even more watching the tape."
Foles, coming off an impressive performance at Tampa Bay last week that earned him NFC Player of the Week honors, had his worst game since his first career start at Washington last November.
He was sacked three times and misfired on several throws to open receivers, including a low throw to Jason Avant in the end zone in the third quarter.
George Selvie had 1 1/2 sacks and combined with Jarius Wynn on the hit that forced Foles out of the game. Wynn was signed last Tuesday after being released by San Diego.
"I don't have an answer for it," coach Chip Kelly said. "It was 11 guys on offense. It was all of us on offense, me calling plays, everybody. It's not just one guy."
Kelly was hopeful Vick will return this week against the New York Giants. There was no word on the extent of Foles' injury.
The Eagles (3-4) sorely missed Vick's scrambling ability. Also, Vick's presence makes LeSean McCoy more dangerous because teams have to be wary of both in Kelly's read-zone offense.
McCoy, the NFL's leading rusher, was held to 55 yards on 18 carries.
But if Vick and Foles are still too hurt to play against the Giants, then Barkley could get the call and try and snap the Eagles' nine-game home losing streak. Their last win at the Linc was over the New York Giants on Sept. 30, 2012.
"You have to start somewhere," he said. "I thought I was ready to go in. I thought I was prepared to play."
He learned the hard way how rugged it can be for a quarterback in the NFL.
With the Eagles in an offensive funk, the Cowboys led 3-0 at halftime, leaving the entertainment to social media.
Tony Romo threw for 317 yards and one touchdown for the Cowboys (4-3) to help them take sole possession of first place in the NFC East.


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Why the approval of the Urban Water Management Plan was postponed
On the evening of Oct. 3, as the first rain of the season trickled down from darkening skies, the Santa Cruz Water Commission met with community members to publicly review the Draft 2010 Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP).
As a public water supplier, the City of Santa Cruz is required under California law to adopt a UWMP, which must be updated every five years.
The UWMP's 351 pages, prepared by the Santa Cruz Water Department, outline the existing intricate water supply situation, and point to the future installation of a seawater desalination plant as the most viable way to supply the City of Santa Cruz, and partnering Soquel Creek Water District, with a stable water supply.


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News aggregator
Lords of the Past
With life, legged and finned, Earth had been teeming,
Slitherers, predators, graceful trees tall …
Now, of these species, we are only dreaming:
Glossopteris, trilobites, eurypterids, all.
Creatures of intrigue, lords of the past!
How did they grow; their color, what hue?
Why did some perish, and why did some last?
In Earth's litholibrary, sometimes a clue.
Catastrophe beautifully carved into stone,
Graveyards 'neath graveyards, so deep do we ply,
Silent yet eloquent, shadows of bone,
The greatest extinction, the big one – but why?
Deserts and oceans spanned latitudes wide,
Lava erupted as oceans of fire,
What means of death? It's hard to decide:
Heat, acid, darkness, a host of things dire.
Yet from these strange ashes (if ashes they be)
Life rose up gorgeously, brilliantly new!
From lucky survivors, a vast, branching tree;
Some tendrils persisted, and weird, wild things grew!
Time is the key to death and new life,
And time can lie hidden, awaiting fresh eyes.
A haze of uncertainty, cut with a knife –
From zircon in China, chronologies rise!
To stand at the Permo-Triassic, it seems,
One faces a shockingly sharp, razor brink;
Of rapid events, the Meishan bed screams …
The "Great Dying" flew by in a mere cosmic blink.
Further reading:
An extinction in the blink of an eye, MIT News, 2/10/14
High-precision timeline for Earth's most severe extinction, PNAS, 2014
Earth's Greatest Killer Finally Caught, LiveScience, 12/12/13
This is one in a series of poems based on science news, written by Katherine Allen, a researcher in geochemistry and paleoclimate at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory. You can read more on Allen's website.
Greenland Ice
If you went to Greenland, almost 80 North,
And drilled your way down … a mile, then more,
You'd find some strange layers, a story'd come forth
A record of ice ages locked in a core.
You'd find glacial ice that is clearer, more soft
Than Eemian ice (long crystals, more rigid)
And clues that the ice height was higher aloft
Than thought for that time (with air temps less frigid).
A puzzle indeed, this view down a hole –
If NEEM endured warmth, whence the sea rise?
Some question the records, some look to South Pole …
In the decades that come, are we in for surprise?
Further reading:
Greenland defied ancient warming / But Antarctic glaciers may be more vulnerable than thought, Nature (2013)
NEEM Community Members, Nature (2013)
This is one in a series of poems based on science news, written by Katherine Allen, a researcher in geochemistry and paleoclimate at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory. "Greenland Ice" first appeared on Allen's website on Jan. 25, 2013.
Armin Van Buuren, Ancient Wood, and Ghengis Khan: This is not your father's field research in Mongolia
We never expected this. Enkhbat had us hovering at warp speed along the Millennium Road in the northern shadows of the Khangai Mountains. Armin Van Buuren's A State of Trance filling our rig. We were starting a new project to study the interaction between climate, fire, and forest history in the land of Chinggis Khaan and a silky voice was lifting us higher, "and if you only knew, just how much the Sun needs you, to help him light the sky, you'd be surprised. Do…do…do.do". We were exhilarated. The Sun was shining. This was not exactly Chinggis' steppe. But little did we know, we would eventually be chasing his ghost.
Byarbaatar & Amy in front of Khorgo, unknowingly about to meet Chinggis's ghost. Photo credit: Enkhbat.
After about a day's travel we started passing the Khorgo lava field. Amy asked, "What's that?" Neil had forgotten about this landmark despite having walked upon it 10 years prior. It is a ~30 km2 lava field with old trees on it. Gordon Jacoby, Nicole Davi, Baatarbileg Nachin, and others had sampled in the early aughts and put together a ca 700 yr long drought record from Siberian larch. Neil relayed this information to Amy and she said that we should sample on it knowing that a 2,000 yr long record in the American Southwest had been produced on a similar landscape feature. We had a tight schedule, but as we drove out to the western edge of the Khangai's, sampled sites, witnessed a sheep in the dying throes of a brain worm infection, got snowed on, and then sweated in much warmer temperatures, we decided it was worth the time to see what was out there. Little did we know.
By the time we arrived to start sampling, Neil was getting sick (we learned days later that Neil was coming down with tonsillitis) and we were on fumes from some bone-challenging swings in the weather. Amy pushed on during the first day with Byarbaatar and Balginnyam. The found a pile of dead horse bones and couldn't get the chainsaw running stopping them from acquiring samples from downed, dead trees. It felt almost hopeless.
We summoned our strength the next day and explored a new section of the lava field. Soon after getting out there we starting seeing Siberian pine, a tree Neil hadn't seen on his first visit and hadn't been sampled previously at this site. We decided that after our fire history collection we would sample some pine trees just to see what They might have to say.
The Logo Tree: The Siberian pine that clued us into the possibility that there might be something extraordinary on the Khorgo lava field. Photo credit: Amy Hessl
As this collection wasn't priority, these samples sat until late January of the following year. Here is the first email of the discovery (partially redacted for some sensitive language).
The sample "locked in and said the inner ring i measured was 1235…whoa! that was cool b/c i started a good bit from the pith…. i race back to me scope and measuring stage…..make mistakes. going too fast. fix the mistakes…..the PITH is 1142!!!!
yes, i can see the yr Chinggis was born. i can see the yr he died. i can see the yrs Mongolia rose to rule Asia!
this has been our Holy Chinggis during the entire Mongolian project.
this is totally hot censored.
ps – i guess we are going back to Khorgo, huh?"
KLP0010a – the first sample of Siberian pine from the 2010 Khorgo lava collection to break the 1200s. The pith is 1142 CE (Common Era). Photo credit: Neil Pederson
We secured funding and we went back to Khorgo in 2012 with a bigger crew and one goal in mind – collect more wood.
We cannot believe what we have found.
For centuries, common wisdom held that the Mongols were driven to conquest because of harsh conditions – drought. Our new record, dating back with confidence to 900 CE (Common Era), indicates the opposite. After the unification of the Mongols, Chinggis Khan, you know him as Ghengis Khan, led his army from Northern China in 1211 to the Caspian Sea in 1224 CE. Our new record in PNAS indicates that it was consistently wet from 1211-1225, a period we are calling the Mongol Pluvial (look for an open access version of this paper here or contact Amy or me). No years during this period were below the long-term average, which is a singular rare run of moisture conditions in our 1,100 year long record. Independent tree-ring records over extra tropical Asia also indicate that this period was warm.
On the cool semi-arid steppe of Central Asia, water is life and in those days, water was energy. The Mongol diet is heavily based on the meat of grazers. Their mode of transportation was the short, but Pheidippidic horse. So, for food and for travel, grass is life. Grass is energy. An abundance of moisture would seem to provide the horsepower for the rapidly growing Mongol Empire. The Mongol soldier had five steed at their disposal. With a large army, that quickly translates into a huge herd and a huge need for grass.
Our tree-ring record suggests that the grasslands of central Mongolia were likely productive. They strongly agree with satellite estimates of grassland productivity. Going back in time, then, the trees would suggest the Mongol Empire during its rapid expansion was sitting in a sea of grass, a sea of energy, a potential abundance of life.
That is our hypothesis, anyhow, and something we will test in the coming years with historical documents, environmental records from lake sediments, more tree rings, and ecological modeling experiments.
While this record speaks to a rapid transformation of Eurasian culture during the 13th century, it also speaks about an abrupt transformation in Mongol culture today. Towards the end of our tree-ring record we see a prolonged drought from the end of the 20th century into the beginning of the 21st century. This drought followed the wettest century of the last 11 and occurred during the warmest period of the last 1,100 years in Asia. The abrupt transition in the environmental conditions, a transition that saw hundreds of lakes and wetlands disappear from the landscape, occurs during the transition from a more agriculturally-based economy to a more urban-based economy. These severe conditions, in combination with some harsh winters, killed millions of livestock and are thought to be one trigger of a mass migration of Mongols from the countryside into the capital of Ulaanbaatar.
Ulaanbaatar in 2006. The homes on the far hills likely reflect climatic and economic refugees moving from the countryside into the city. Photo credit: N. Pederson
Though we cannot connect this heat drought to climate change (though maybe we kind of can), warming temperatures have stacked the deck towards higher evaporative demand, so even if the amount of precipitation remains the same, high temperatures will generate a more intense drought. That's what we observed in the early 21st century and based on past moisture variation in Mongolia and future predictions of warming, we would expect to see similar events in the future.
From Armin Van Buuren to Chinggis Khaan to Armin Van Buuren again. We had no clue of how Summer 2010 would light the sky.*
* this post was requested by a media outlet so they could have the 'author's voice' on this discovery. That version was ultimately sanitized for your protection. Here it is unadultered.
Keys to Success
Humans hate to catch the flu,
But here's a fact that's less well-known:
Bacteria get infections too
As many cultures have now shown.
In the ocean, P. ubique
(growing, growing everywhere)
Is plagued by viruses that seek
To hijack ubique's gene hardware.
The key to beating strong predation:
Nutrients and conjugation!
Further reading:
Abundant SAR11 viruses in the ocean, Zhao et al., Nature (2013)
This is one in a series of poems based on science news, written by Katherine Allen, a researcher in geochemistry and paleoclimate at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory. First posted 2/15/13 on Allen's website.
Long lines and lots of instruments
To record these lower-crustal and upper-mantle phases as "first arrivals", where they are not obscured by the arrival of energy from shallow paths, we use long lines. Long lines mean lots of receivers and lots of driving to deploy and recover these instruments. We could have used lots of sources instead, but the blasts we used to get seismic energy into the lower crust and upper mantle in this experiment take a lot of time and money to setup. Receivers are much cheaper, so we used a lot of them. (For similar wide-angle/long-offset work at sea, airgun sources are cheaper than putting seismometers on the seafloor, so we use many shots and a smaller number of receivers out there.)
This time-lapse video shows Team 13 of 14 recovering 89 of the 1200 total short-period seismograph stations from where our line crossed Fort Benning, near the northwestern end of the line.
Nathan Miller, LDEO
Deploy in the rain, recover in the sunshine…
Weather map during deployment. When the time came to install our 1200 small seismographs across Georgia at the flagged positions, the rains came…. A lot of rain. During our first deployment day, we received 1-2 inches of rain, and another wave of rain clouds came through on Day 2 (check out map). Roads that used to be easily passable became mudholes or were flooded with water. All-wheel-drive vehicles and drill rigs alike got stuck, and a few station locations could only be reached on foot. Our hard-working field crew labored in the rain digging holes and deploying seismometers. Vehicles, equipment and people were covered in the famous Georgia red clay (and other muds and sands of Georgia and northernmost Florida). Adding insult to injury, problems with the programming of some of the instruments meant that we actually had to pick up and redeploy many of them. It was a mudbath. Nonetheless, our field crew managed to deploy 1200 seismometers across Georgia by Tuesday at sundown. It was an impressive show of endurance, and an inspiring display of positivity given the number of people that were still smiling and upbeat at the end of it all. A couple of days later, after our seismic shots, it was already time to pick up the instruments, and the weather changed completely. The sun shined on SW Georgia, and we picked up almost every last seismometer in just one day under blue skies…. Donna Shillington, LDEO
Video of shots L1-05, 06, 07 and 08
To someone who hasn't seen a seismic source shot before, there really isn't a good way to describe what a good shot feels like, except as something you haven't felt before. We had a number of students watching L1-05 being shot, since this location is quite close to Americus. The video of L1-05 is completely lacking in drama, which is a good thing; but that shot gave us all a great ride. The 100 pounders 06 and 07 were also surprisingly good.
We made gathers for most of the shots today. The dataset is fantastic, and 05, 06 and 07 produced super record sections. L1-08 committed most if its energy to the air, but it shook the ground nicely and I've got a feeling those data are going to be great too.
The video is here: http://youtu.be/DNINWj2kf1s
Sea Change
Gliders and buoys and robots — oh my!
Over and through the ocean they fly.
Oodles of data from sensors galore,
Studied by many, far from the sea's roar.
A real revolution, there seems little doubt,
But what of the crew who never sail out?
To peer in the great briny main without drinking …
How might that impact the next wave of thinking?
Further reading:
A Sea Change for U.S. Oceanography, Science 2013
The New Generation of Sea Scientist, Science 2013
This is one in a series of poems based on science news, written by Katherine Allen, a researcher in geochemistry and paleoclimate at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory. First posted 3/1/13 on Allen's website.
Random Pictures from the Road (and otherwise)
South-central part of the seismic line. The yellow line is team 5's section. We have been in a relatively rural part of Georgia and as a result have not encountered many locals save a few who have stopped to ask if we are ok. However, we have seen quite a few interesting things that are quite out of the ordinary (to me at least).
Friendly Muscovy duck.Rocks in a stream bed with associated pink spongy material (?)
Spanish moss.Linguoid (current) ripples on a washed out road. We have also seen quite a few old abandoned farm houses in various stages of aging...
At least 10-15 dogs were standing guard at this house, including about 8 puppies.
Caroline making some new friends.
All said we have dug 122 holes in team 5's stretch. We have also helped deploy instruments in other sections as well and while doing so have seen others hard at work.
Meghan and Nate getting it done!Along the way the cars have taken quite a beating and have actually held up pretty well. Although there have been a few instances where people got stuck, I think that the people with the toughest job will be the guys that have to detail the cars upon their return...
A more appropriate vehicle (?)And lastly here's a couple more random pictures that I thought were interesting.
The large disparity in fuel grade gas prices.
A ~perfectly leveled geophone (it's harder than you'd think).Hopefully this random selection of pictures was entertaining. Up next we will post about last night's "shots." In the meantime, I can say that they were all successful with varying degrees of excitement. The most important thing is that all of our hard work is being realized as the instruments are recording refractions from buried geology that will help us unravel some of the mystery that surrounds events that happened in this area long ago.
James Gibson, LDEO
Rain, geophones, and animals … Oh my!
Chastity AikenGeorgia Institute of Technology
Flags, Flags, and More Flags - Locating the sites for 1200 instruments
into the field where they undoubtedly got a little mud on their tires. Each pair of field assistants was given a segment of the seismic line to drive and flag locations for instrument installation deemed safe both from the seismograph (i.e. dry, firm soil) and the install team (i.e. a safe distance from the road). Given the shear distance of the seismic line, teams found themselves amid diverse backdrops from rolling farmland with overly friendly cows to buzzing residential neighborhoods to sandy stretches flanked by towering groves of Ponderosa Pine trees. Antonio placing a flag and using a GPS device to note the location where a
seismograph will be installed amid the sandy surroundings of a Ponderosa Pine farm.Every team was able to flag all their sites within just two days leaving us the luxury of a sunny Saturday morning free for exploring more of our beautiful Georgia surroundings. Next up is the actual task of installing the 1200 seismographs which will involve twice the people, six more (temporarily clean) vehicles, and of course countless exciting adventures from the field. Happy (almost) St. Patrick's Day from Americus!A picturesque county road near Jasper, FL along which instruments will be deployed.-- Natalie Accardo, LDEO
A day with the seismic source team in photos
Adrian Gutierrez, 13 March 14
7:30 am: Leave Georgia Southwestern State University, where we are staying, and head to the site8:20 am: Arrive at site 8:30 am: Start drilling and take geological samples every 5 ft.
9:00 am: Dyno Nobel truck arrives; load emulsion into cut PVC pipe sections that serve as a holders for emulsion. 9:30 am: Surprise visit from other scientists on the project9.50 am: Setting up the booster in the emulsion.11.20 am: Loading the explosives into the drill hole12.00 pm: Drill crew starts removing their equipment12.45 pm: Tagging the charges and plugging the hole3.15 pm: Move onto the next drill site.Nighttime: Finally back to the dorm.
The Dawn of Plate Tectonics
An ancient grain of zircon found
In Jack Hill sandstone north of Perth,
Inside its crystal lattice bound:
Secrets of our planet's birth.
The oldest grain (we rock hounds swoon),
Tells of magma oceans past,
An early impact yields the moon;
And all of this occurred so fast!
The zircon's old, which then implies
That solid rocks must be still older.
In Canada, a sequence lies,
With implications even bolder!
A pattern locked within old lava
Echoes patterns from the deep;
Mariana-like subduction …
To plate tectonics, take the leap!
Hadean times are cloaked in intrigue,
Eons distant, full of strife,
Yet it seems these rocks held promise,
Full of boron, primed for life!
In the news:
New Record for Oldest Earth Rock, Sky and Telescope
Hadean age for a post-magma-ocean zircon confirmed by atom-probe tomography, Nature Geoscience
The Dawn of Plate Tectonics, Science Now
Heading down early on? Start of subduction on Earth, Geology
Arrival of the seismic equipment!
Fortunately, we have a lot of space! Our field headquarters is located in a historic gym on the campus of Georgia Southwestern State University in Americus, GA. Faculty and staff at GSW have been extraordinarily generous with their time and expertise. They are allowing us to use the Florrie Chappel gym as our base of operations, and they have helped us enormously with Georgia geology and logistics coordination, handling our huge shipment of equipment and supplies, housing on the campus (many of us are staying in one of the dorms!), setting up the gym with internet access, power, and tables, and much, much more. Today, they moved all of the boxes with our seismic equipment from the shipping warehouse to our field headquarters in the gym. I can sense that all of our seismic instruments are itching to be deployed....Pallets waiting outside the Florrie Chappell gymDonna Shillington
11 March 2014
More preparations: mini seismic experiments
To prepare for our big seismic experiment, we have collected a couple of miniature seismic datasets. The shallow geology varies substantially along our profile and is very important for planning the depth of drilling and size of our seismic sources. In particular, we need to determine the depth to a limestone layer in a few places. The same seismic method that we will use to understand the deep geological structures beneath Georgia can also be used at a smaller scale to examine layering in the upper ~100 ft (~30 m) beneath the surface. We recorded the data on 24 geophones attached to a 230-ft-long (70-m-long) cable. The source was a modified shot gun that looks like a pogo stick. We drilled small holes in the ground, loaded the gun and stuck it in the hole. To limit the kickback, we weighted the gun down with a metal plate topped by two heavy jugs filled with sand. Hit the plate with a mallet and – BANG – a seismic source! Not a bad way to spend a sunny Sunday!
Check out Dan firing the seismic source...
Donna Shillington
9 March 14
Cold Facts
Satellites cast their wide gaze
At night, on the bright Bakken blaze;
Bright as a large, sparkly city,
Up close, it's not quite as pretty.
What fate might this appetite bring?
In government halls, squabbles ring.
Key to the carbon debate
Is the last Termination's change rate.
What's our scenario worst?
Was warming or CO2 first?
New ice core studies profess
A 200-year lag — or less.
A puzzle to solve ere we burn:
The process of compacting firn.
Further reading:
Synchronous Change of Atmospheric CO2 and Antarctic Temperature During the Last Deglacial Warming, Parrenin et al., Science 2013
Leads and Lags at the End of the Last Ice Age, Brooks, Science 2013
Study of Ice Age Bolsters Carbon and Warming Link, Gillis/NYT 2013
A Mysterious Patch Of Light Shows Up In The North Dakota Dark, Krulwich/NPR 2013
The New Oil Landscape, Dobb/National Geographic 2013
This is one in a series of poems based on science news, written by Katherine Allen, a researcher in geochemistry and paleoclimate at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory. First posted 3/1/13 on Allen's website.
Bricks, an Archeological Site and Home
It was time to pack up and leave. Shofiq, who is from Sylhet, was dropped off near his home and the fellowship of the rocks was broken. We settled in for another long drive. We made an impromptu stop at one of the numerous brick factories scattered across Bangladesh. Here, the workers immediately started snapping pictures of us with their phones. We walked past the rows of drying unfired bricks to the massive kiln built from the bricks themselves. We saw them feeding coal into the hot, actively firing part and unloading bricks from the completed quadrant. This would be followed by loading of raw bricks for the 12-hour firing. This factory makes around 9,000,000 bricks in the six-month season. Although it was their lunch break, they demonstrated the mixing of the mud with a little sand and let me carry a half-full wheelbarrow load to where the bricks were
shaped. I spilled a full load when I tried to move it. The experienced brickmakers took about 30-seconds per brick.
We stopped for lunch at the same roadside restaurant, then went to find Wari-Betashwar. Getting to the archeological site was not easy, but a mixture of my hand-held GPS with a Landsat image and a Bangladeshi phone with completely inaccurate Google maps eventually got us there a little after 4 p.m. We toured the site with the chief archeologist, but all the excavations had been filled in to protect them during the off-season. As we walked around the 600m by 600m protective wall, Prof. Rahman explained the history of the site. This urban
center was founded around 500 BC on land slightly uplifted by one of the anticlines. The slight extra elevation protected the land from flooding. The site was by the side of an old path of the Brahmaputra River and was thus a major trading center. Artifacts from as far as Greece and Rome were found here. After a gap in the record, the city flourished again in the 7th century AD, before being abandoned. The rise and fall of the center may be tied to avulsions, or switches in position of the Brahmaputra, making the site an interesting confluence of tectonics, rivers and people.
Continuing on, the students got a taste of Dhaka traffic as we approached our hotel near the airport. Now came the real
splitting up of the group. The foreigners would stay overnight to begin our return home, while the Bangladeshis would fight the traffic to return to Dhaka University and their homes. Many of us spent most of the time until our 2:30 a.m. departure talking. Twenty-three of us and our luggage and equipment managed to squeeze into a 21-seat bus and made it to the airport. Now, once again problems with our tickets arose. While most of us were fine, almost half only got boarding passes as far as Abu Dhabi, or none at all. Eventually they fixed the problem for most of them, and all of us were able to board the delayed aircraft. The delays here and in the flight to New York and Chicago will mean that the vast majority will miss connections. At least my nightmare scenario of missed flights and connections was happening on the way back. Not the smoothest ending, but it has been a great trip and a very successful field school. Several of the students are trying to figure out how to get back to Bangladesh, and a lot of lasting friendships and connections have been made.
Field School: Sylhet Tectonics
The drive from Tangail to Sylhet turned out to be grueling. We took a longer route that skirted Dhaka to avoid the traffic jams that people hit earlier in the week. Unfortunately, with the slower buses that route took 13 hours. We didn't hit our lunch stop until 4:30 p.m., where Badrul and Ashraf had been waiting to join us for five hours. It was dark by the time we drove past the first anticlines, and we didn't get to the resort until 11 p.m. We picked our roommates, got our rooms and had a very late dinner. Most field trips have a "death march" hiking a long way through forest, swamps, hills or deserts to get to a remote outcrop. We have a "death bus ride" instead.
The new resort where we were staying was tucked away in a corner of Bangladesh along the Shari River about a kilometer from the Indian border. With a cold pool and only slightly warmer not-hot tub, views of the woods and hills, this is by far the nicest place I've stayed in Bangladesh. Given the late arrival, we delayed the start of the classroom day by an hour. The classroom was in a separate building closer to the river The first classroom day covered the stratigraphy and structure of the sediments and rocks we would see the next day. With lots of questions, the day ran late.
We started early and argued over an outcrop on the driveway of the resort. We continued down to the Shari River, where I had previously visited the geology by boat. Numerous
country boats were mining and transporting sand from the river. We worked along the shore, climbing over and visiting outcrops. The beds dipped steeply into the ground, folded by the tectonics, but also provided evidence that a large braided river used to flow here. One possibility is that it was the Brahmaputra from a time before the uplift of the 2 km-high Shillong block pushed it 200 miles to the west. Eventually, we could not go farther along the river. We took an inland path farther north, but when we rejoined the shore, we were blocked again. A short time later, after a conversation with the Bangladeshi border guards stationed here, they flagged us a passing boat. It ferried us across the river, but not before
several on our party practiced their cliff jumping technique.
After spending some time on an outcrop where we were filmed last year, we took an inland path. Along the way we met Johnny the elephant, and a few groups of students got elephant rides. We continued past tea gardens and rice paddies and finally emerged to a large outcrop of shallow marine sediments along the river. At this earlier time, the coastline was north of us, and the delta was prograding to the south as a result of all the sediments eroding from the Himalayas. The younger river sediments we had seen earlier had been deposited after the coast had pushed past here. We stopped for lunch, looking across the river at the India-Bangladesh border and a pile of watermelons waiting for a
boat to take them downstream. Two students swam across and purchased two for dessert. Then Badrul flagged down a large boat to taxi us downstream back to where we started.
After a few geology stops along the way, we reached Jaflong. At this site, there is a mixture of mining of sands and gravels from the river, and tourists looking to view the massive Shillong uplift in India. We stopped at an overlook near our GPS and seismology stations. Then a group of us descended to some outcrops and the chance to join the tourists at the international border. The river had shifted a little since I last was here, and now the best viewing site was officially in India. The Indian and Bangladeshi border guard let us and everyone else cross the
border to the little spit of land for a better view. Many photos later, we walked back to the buses and returned to the resort. Dinner was delayed and about half of us took the opportunity for a dip in the freezing pool to rinse off the sweat and grime.
Our final classroom day conversation included multiple aspects of the interaction of the rivers and the tectonics that our project focuses on. We ended with several students presenting their research from places across the globe. The last item was a group photo close to the Shari River. The last field day took us farther southwest to Sylhet City itself. The Cricket Stadium is surrounded by outcrops that we walked around, passing a pet monkey as well. After lunch at the stadium and a peek inside, we had to make a decision. There was not enough time for
both the outcrops at the airport and shopping in Sylhet. The group split, and each bus went to one of the sites. I chose the outcrop. The river sediments at the airport were clearly different from the stadium and showed that the sediments were deposited while the 80m-high Sylhet anticline was growing. They were muddier where the anticline was tilting the land northwards, and sandier with gravels on the other side of the anticline where the southward tilting had steepened the river. We headed back, stopping to at least buy some tea from the region. However, we got back too late to hold the bus vs. bus cricket match. Just some practice would have to do, until the BBQ that evening.
Laying the groundwork
We have just arrived in sunny Americus, GA from the cold north to ramp up for the SUGAR project. The peaceful, pastoral landscapes of southern Georgia mask geological structures created by a series of dramatic events that were central to the formation of the North American continent. During SUGAR, we will use sound waves to image these geological structures. Less than 2 weeks from now, we'll deploy 1200 small seismographs along a 200-mile-long line that extends from north of Columbus to south of Valdosta with the help of a cadre of students from across Georgia and beyond. These instruments will record sound waves generated by a series of controlled blasts in deep drill holes.
Spanish moss lined trees along our transect south of ValdostaCollecting these data will involve a week of intense work by >30 people. However, just laying the groundwork for this effort has already required a long list of (sometimes novel) tasks. When we conceived of this project, we drew a couple of straight lines on a map that would enable us to capture the geological features that we wish to study: the South Georgia Basin, the Suwanne Suture, and frozen magmas from the huge Central Atlantic Magmatic Province. In reality, we must create this line by knitting together a patchwork of roads. During a couple of planning trips, we bumped along on dirt roads, cruised county lanes, and zoomed down state highways mapping out the best route.
Dan and Steve scouting our route. Our seismometers will line county and state roads across southwestern Georgia, and both seismometers and seismic sources will cross private properties. Identifying private landowners to request permission has transformed us into detectives. In most cases, the name and address of the owner are easily found on the tax assessor's website for each county. But actually getting in touch with people is not so easy! We mailed letters. We put flyers directly into people's mailboxes. We searched for phone numbers online and left messages (sometimes multiple messages…). We found websites and email addresses for companies, and sometimes wrote to people about our project through website forms (including those for a bank, a dentist's office and a website selling organic beef!). Happily, once we made contact, individuals and companies have been very welcoming and graciously granted us permission – southern hospitality in action! A litany of other preparations have already been completed or are currently underway. Drilling of the holes for seismic sources has just begun, and the seismometers will arrive very soon. We are definitely ready for the transition from preparing to doing....
Donna Shillington
5 March 2014
Field School: The Brahmaputra River
It has been an incredibly busy week. We have had between 42 and 48 people here for the field school, including 35 students and 12 instructors (seven to 10 at a time). The first day was very light for the jet-lagged students, just a short introduction to the field school and some background, and then introductions all around as we started to get to know each other. The final group of nine students finally arrived around 9 p.m. They were the most worn-out, bedraggled bunch of travelers I have ever seen.
After a good night's sleep we started on the first classroom day. Our full five days near the Brahmaputra River would focus on the river processes and the stratigraphy they produce. We stopped the lectures at 4 and all piled into the bus
to see the embankment built to protect the city of Sirajganj from the westward migrating river. As is often the case in the dry season, they were repairing the embankments from last summer's collapses. We rented two country boats and sailed along the embankment and walked back to the buses on the top of it. It is an impressive structure, but in need of continual repair to keep up with the river.
The next two days were spent on the river and its mobile islands, called chars. Setting up the equipment for the river surveying was hampered by a lack of power for drilling holes. A Bangladeshi drill and bow solved the problem, but not before rearranging the schedule. On the first day we all visited the char near the 5 km
Bangabandu Bridge over the river. We spent the day viewing sedimentary structures and seeing the villages on this island that is almost entirely underwater during the monsoon. For the second day, we had to split the group. One contingent joined Jim Best as we surveyed the river with an ADCP, which measures water velocities from the top to the bottom of the river, and a sidescan that provides images of the bottom on either side of the boat using sound. The other, yielding to student requests, went to Tangail, the nearest city, for shopping. When everyone returned, we held a cricket match, with most Americans learning the rules on the fly. We finished the five overs per side as darkness fell.
We went back to the classroom the next day for more lectures on remote sensing of changes on the delta, stratigraphy,
subsidence and arsenic contamination. The hands-on experience was analysis of two sets of well samples that had been drilled the days before. Everyone had a chance to describe the samples, measure magnetic susceptibility and use a portable XRF machine to measure chemistry. We have found that magnetic susceptibility and strontium content are a good way to characterize whether sediments have come from the Brahmaputra River or not.
Finally, our last field day here was doing a resistivity imaging survey over the two bore holes and across the boundary between the Brahmaputra floodplain and the upland strata of the Madhupur tract. Generations have debated whether the transition is a fault contact or not. We would collect some data to try to answer the question. The students also got
to visit another tube well being drilled. Tube wells, drilled primarily for drinking water, is a local drilling method whereby a team of a handful of people can drill a 100m well in a day by hand. After everyone helped set up the 750m long resistivity line, most of the American students went to see the tube well drilling. The Bangladeshis, who have all seen tube well drilling, stayed with me to help run the resistivity line. As it turns out, Liz Chamberlain was pulled into a local villager's home to have her hands tattooed with henna by a woman and her daughters. She missed the tube well drilling, but gained an exciting personal experience. It was also the first time the students were in a Bangladeshi village. We were the center of attention and many photos were snapped by both sides. We gathered up the resistivity equipment and then had informal student
presentations before the final night barbeque. We had successfully completed the first half of the course, and all the students (and instructors) were bonding.


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No progress from shutdown meeting
A sampling of federal agencies showed how unevenly the shutdown was felt across the government.
The Environmental Protection Agency and Department of Housing and Urban Development listed only six percent of their employees as essential, and therefore permitted to work during the impasse. James R. Clapper, director of national intelligence, said about 70 percent of civilian employees in agencies under his control had been sent home.
By contrast, about 86 percent of employees of the Department of Homeland Security remained on the job, and 95 percent at the Veterans Affairs Department.
One furloughed employee, meteorologist Amy Fritz, said, "I want to get back to work." At a news conference arranged by congressional Democrats, the 38-year-old National Weather Service employee said she has more than $100,000 in student loan debt and is looking at ways to cut her budget.
In an interview with CNBC before meeting with lawmakers, Obama said he would not negotiate with Republicans until the government is reopened and Congress votes to raise the debt limit.
"If we get in the habit where a few folks, an extremist wing of one party, whether it's Democrat or Republican, are allowed to extort concessions based on a threat (to) undermine the full faith and credit of the United States, then any president who comes after me, not just me, will find themselves unable to govern effectively," he said.
"The White House said Obama would have to truncate a long-planned trip to Asia, calling off the final two stops in Malaysia and the Philippines.
The shutdown also intruded into the race for governor of Virginia.
Terry McAuliffe, the Democrat, said he supported legislation to guarantee retroactive pay for furloughed federal employees. The Republican contender, Ken Cuccinelli, called on members of Congress to decline their pay as long as the shutdown lasts.
Obama's call to lawmakers to meet drew a quizzical response from Senate Republican leader Mitch McConnell. A spokesman, Don Stewart, said, "we're a little confused as to the purpose."
Boehner was "pleased the president finally recognized that his refusal to negotiate is indefensible," said his spokesman, Brendan Buck. "It's unclear why be having this meeting if it's not meant to be a start to serious talks between the two parties."
The House sidetracked legislation Tuesday night to reopen some veterans programs, the national parks and a portion of the Washington, D.C., municipal government. All three bills fell short of the two-thirds majority needed when Democrats voted overwhelmingly against this.
Republicans tried again, this time under rules requiring only a simple majority. The parks measure was approved on a vote of 252-173, with 23 Democrats breaking ranks and voting in favor. The vote to reopen NIH was 254-171. The House also voted to allow the Washington, D.C., government to use the taxes it collects to operate programs.
Votes were deferred on more bills, one to assure pay for members of the National Guard and Reserves and another to allow some veterans programs to resume.
The NIH bill was added to the day's agenda after Democrats had said seriously ill patients would be turned away from the facility's hospital of last resort, and no new enrollment permitted in experimental treatments.


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Nico Rosberg Pulls Surprise Victory At 2015... Racing
May 25, 2015
May 25, 2015
Gumball 3000 Aston Martin Sports New... Modified
May 23, 2015
May 23, 2015
First Drives
Auto Shows
Spy Shots
Car Tech
Facelifts. Whether done to people or cars, they can give new life to a pleasing but less-than-fresh look, or they can stretch something old into something hideous. By the looks of these spy photos, the C-Class AMG Estate's mid-life lift is one of the good ones. We've already seen the standard... read more
Some say it's General Motors' final twist of the knife for Saab. Some say it's the rebirth of the quirky Swedish brand. All we know is, it's called the 2011 Saab 9-5. Well... read more July 28, 2010 by Nelson Ireson
Not all that long ago, a 19-inch wheel was a considerable upgrade available primarily in the aftermarket. But as the arms race to present bigger and badder-looking wheels... read more July 20, 2010 by Nelson Ireson
Subaru has a knack for continuous improvement on its vehicles—particularly its performance-minded Impreza WRX and STI models. And while it rolled out an all-new sporty... read more July 19, 2010 by Bengt Halvorson
Fortunately, there's a lot more to the 2011 Porsche Panamera than a quirky roofline and fastback body. Lusting after quirky cars based on looks alone is seldom a good idea... read more June 26, 2010 by Bengt Halvorson
Think what you will of the 5-Series Grand Touring. It's a competent all-around vehicle, though we still can't find a viewing angle that's favorable. But it's certainly no... read more June 11, 2010 by Nelson Ireson
The 2011 MINI Countryman is out, and while the 2011 MINI Cooper family won't be getting any major mechanical overhauls this time around, it will be getting a minor facelift... read more June 11, 2010 by Nelson Ireson
Porsche's Cayenne has, ever since its original introduction in 2003, offered a very respectable level of off-road ability. It's certainly debatable as to whether the... read more May 20, 2010 by Bengt Halvorson
Whether you love it, hate or sit somewhere in between, the 2011 5-Series Gran Turismo is in many ways an impressive vehicle, and it's about to get more impressive with the... read more April 15, 2010 by Nelson Ireson
These days it's often a game of follow the leader as new (or rehashed) body styles enter the market. First it was minivans, then SUVs, then crossovers, then four-door coupes... read more April 9, 2010 by Nelson Ireson
With Audi, Volkswagen and Porsche all sharing one roof these days, there's been a lot of talk about the future of each brand's cars. One car that's not changing, at least... read more April 8, 2010 by Nelson Ireson
If you'd taken the pulse of the average hack with media credentials at this year's New York Auto Show, you'd probably have found signs somewhere between comatose and... read more April 2, 2010 by Nelson Ireson
We're smack in the midst of auto show season, just coming off the back of the 2010 Geneva Motor Show and now with the 2010 New York Auto Show upon us. The latest car to be... read more March 31, 2010 by Nelson Ireson
Mercedes-Benz is hitting the 2010 New York Auto Show hard with a barrage of updated and new (to the U.S., anyway) cars, including the E-Class Wagon, which makes its U.S... read more March 31, 2010 by Nelson Ireson
V is for vicious, virile, voracious--vroom. Or at least it is in the case of the CTS-V family of cars, grown one larger today with the unveiling of the Cadillac CTS-V Sport... read more March 28, 2010 by Nelson Ireson
Last month, reports spread that Lexus wasn't planning the CT 200h for the U.S. due to its price and positioning within the market. Whether something changed within Lexus, or... read more March 23, 2010 by Nelson Ireson


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The exhibition features a selection of Rockwell paintings, drawings and limited-edition prints partnered with black-and-white Kevin Rivoli photographs. The exhibition is organized by Kevin and Michele Rivoli in collaboration with International Arts & Artists, Washington, D.C.
The Art Museum of South Texas is affiliated with Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi. For more information, call 825-3504 or e-mail: email@example.com.


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Pronunciation: entrent
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Hot answers tagged tick
You said:"I understand that the generated ticks will be generated using interpolation (so they won't be exacts)". You are very optimistic, they will not only be far away from being exact, they (the tick data) will be completely removed from reality, the only parameters known for the tick data will be boundary conditions, such as open high low close. You ...
What are the technical events that fluctuate quoted asset (e.g. forex) prices? How does it relate to the purchase of currency contracts?
Supply and demand... If you want an event that produce a change in the value of a currency, just look at the ruble. As Russia, gets more and more isolated and inflation spins out of control the ruble lose its value against other currencies.
That exchange spec implies that there isn't a legal price of 1001, 1002, ..., 1009. The next available price after 1000 is just 1010. If your pricing engine determines a fair value of, say, 1005, then your application will need to apply some rounding logic. For example, you can always round away from the inside price, or you can simply round to the nearest ...
We've done this before (*), but it is trivial: one tick for open, one tick for high, one tick for low, one tick for close. For tick timestamps, open is 08:01:00, close is 08:01:59.999, high is 08:01:20 and low is 08:01:40. (Or if that gives strange results, open is 08:01:00.001 and close is 08:02:00.000; it depends how your system makes bars.) If you want ...
Only top voted, non community-wiki answers of a minimum length are eligible


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Vendetta 10U, out of Willis, TX, looking for experienced Pitcher, Catcher, and Outfielders to join our Team. Serious Applicants Only! Please contact Alton Davenport @ (281) 330-2637 or via email - email@example.com
Great group of girls! Coaching is superb!
We will hold Tryouts Friday, November 30th @ 6:00pm. Please email to reserve your tryout spot!


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100 Rabbits
After playing it so much, I was wondering if anyone had gotten their 100 rabbit quota? Every time I see one, I'm always glad it was never made into an achievement. I might have killed 50 at the most.
100 rabbits didn't know people farmed them really, i think i killed like 2 haha and yes im glad its not a achievement myself XD
Fireball. Magic rabbit killer. Or holy hand-grenade...
I have so much fun with this one and now that I have a house out in the boonies (Hearthfire) I just sit in my custom-made tower and snipe their furry little asses! I haven't checked my stats in a few days I'm going 2 the next time I play. Hey!!!
no wonder my gamerscore hasn't been advancing!
OMG. A Holy Hand-Grenade easter egg that does extra damage to rabbits would be freaking epic.
"And the number of the counting shall be 3"
I think I have killed only around 10 something rabbits..mainly when I was a werewolf trying to get perks.
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Posts Tagged 'self-help'
Ask Me Anything: Non-Cheesy "Self-Help"
05/02/2011 | 2 Comments
J-femme wrote:Happy Anniversary! I think I've been reading almost that long!You posted something that looked like a pie chart... more
Define: Sovereignty
09/18/2009 | 4 Comments
A few weeks ago, Miss Calico tweeted about the craziest thing in her feedreader. For obvious reasons, neither she... more


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Book Discussion of Gone With the Wind
Feb 19 2014 2:00PM - Feb 19 2014 4:00PM
Program No: 11914
This program is intended for adults age 18 and older.The library's book discussion group continues its year-long look at books that became movies. February and March's selection is the 1936 bestseller and Pulitzer Prize- winning, Gone with the Wind. This greatest love story of all time is the story of Scarlet O'Hara and Rhett Butler, in the unforgettable saga of the South in the Civil War era. Copies of Gone with the Wind are available at the Circulation Desk. Read to the end of Part Three of the book and join us for a great discussion of the novel. Part II of the discussion will be on Thursday, March 20.To insure that as many adults as possible are able to attend our programs, spots are guaranteed for those who are registered and arrive promptly. A waiting list is used to fill cancellations before a program begins or for no-shows the day of a program. This does not apply to fee based programs.
Seats Available: 12
You will need a valid library card for each person you are registering.


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As a Sophomore:
Fall 2014: Finished with the third-best doubles record on the team with a 9-1 mark in the fall ... Continued to play well when paired with Michala Kucharova, finishing at 4-0 ... Won the Green bracket of the Miami Fall Invite in doubles with Jen Pfeifler ... Made it to the quarterfinals with Pfeifler at the ITA Southern Regional ... Won the doubles titles at the USTA Clay Court Championships with Kucharova to wrap up the fall slate ... Was 1-2 in singles.
As a Freshman:
Spring 2014: Was 11-1 in doubles ... Partned with Michala Kucharova throughout most of the spring, collecting a 10-1 mark in the No. 2 spot in the lineup ... Played mostly at No. 4 and 5 in singles ... Was 6-5 in dual matches ... Finished the year 18-9 in singles, 17-5 overall in doubles.
Fall 2013: Led Auburn with a 12-4 record during fall action in her first season with the Tigers ... Won the consolation singles draw at the ITA Southern Regionals ... Advanced to the singles quarterfinals at the Dickie V Classic ... Finished 6-4 in doubles parterning with Paula de Man and Michala Kucharova ... To close the fall, won her last seven out of 10 matches.
Updated Dec. 12, 2014


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Therapeutic embolization is defined as the intravascular deposition of particulate liquid, mechanical agents, or autologous blood clot to produce intentional vessel occlusion. Embolic vascular occlusion may be performed at any level from large arteries or veins to the capillary beds, and it may be temporary or permanent in nature. Therapeutic embolization has been applied to virtually every vascular territory, to:
Occlusion of Uterine Arteries Using Transcatheter Embolization or Laparoscopic Occlusion to Treat Uterine Fibroids
Uterine leiomyomata (i.e., fibroids) are extremely common benign tumors that can be located primarily within the uterine cavity (submucosal fibroids) or on the serosal surface of the uterus. Two techniques, transcatheter uterine artery embolization (UAE) and laparoscopic bipolar occlusion of the uterine vessels have been developed to directly devascularize the uterine fibroid and potentially serve as alternatives to hysterectomy.
Treatment for uterine fibroids is usually sought when they are associated with menorrhagia, pelvic pain, urinary symptoms (i.e., frequency), or are suspected to be the cause of infertility. Treatment options include medical therapy with gonadotropin agonists or gestagen suppression or various types of surgical therapy. Hysterectomy is considered the definitive surgical treatment for those who no longer wish to maintain fertility. Various types of myomectomy, which describes removal of the fibroid with retention of the uterus, have also been described. Hysteroscopic myomectomy involves removal of submucosal fibroids using either a resectoscope or a laser. Subserosal fibroids can be removed via an open abdominal or laparoscopic approach. Laparoscopic laser coagulation of uterine fibroids is a unique approach in that the fibroid is not physically removed, but instead multiple (up to 75) laparoscopic laser punctures of the uterine fibroids are performed in an effort to devascularize the fibroid and induce atrophy. Two techniques have been developed that directly devascularize the uterine fibroid by interrupting the uterine arteries. UAE involves selective catheterization of the uterine arteries with injection of embolization material. More recently, laparoscopic bipolar coagulation of the uterine vessels has been investigated as an alternative to UAE.
Regulatory Status
In April 2000, Embosphere® Microspheres (Biosphere Medical) were cleared for marketing by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) through the 510(k) process for hypervascularized tumors and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). In November 2002, this product was cleared for marketing specifically for use in uterine fibroid embolization. Since that time, several other devices have been cleared for marketing. In 2003, Contour® Emboli PVA (Boston Scientific) was cleared for the embolization of peripheral hypervascular tumors and peripheral AVMs. In March 2004, the Contour SE™ (Boston Scientific) was cleared by the FDA for treatment of uterine fibroids. In December 2008, Cook Incorporated Polyvinyl Alcohol Foam Embolization Particles received FDA marketing clearance for use in uterine fibroid embolization.
No devices have specific clearance or approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for laparoscopic bipolar occlusion of the uterine vessels.
Ovarian and Internal Iliac Vein Embolization as a Treatment of Pelvic Congestion Syndrome
Pelvic congestion syndrome is a condition of chronic pelvic pain of variable location and intensity, which is associated with dyspareunia and postcoital pain, and aggravated by standing. The syndrome occurs during the reproductive years, and pain is often greater before or during menses. The underlying etiology is thought to be related to varices of the ovarian veins, leading to pelvic congestion. As there are many etiologies of chronic pelvic pain, the pelvic congestion syndrome is often a diagnosis of exclusion, with the identification of varices using a variety of imaging methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) scanning, or contrast venography. For those who fail medical therapy with analgesics, surgical ligation of the ovarian vein has been considered. More recently, embolization therapy of the ovarian and internal iliac veins has been proposed. Vein embolization can be performed using a variety of materials including coils, glue, and gel foam.
Each benefit plan, summary plan description or contract defines which services are covered, which services are excluded, and which services are subject to dollar caps or other limitations, conditions or exclusions. Members and their providers have the responsibility for consulting the member's benefit plan, summary plan description or contract to determine if there are any exclusions or other benefit limitations applicable to this service or supply. If there is a discrepancy between a Medical Policy and a member's benefit plan, summary plan description or contract, the benefit plan, summary plan description or contract will govern.
Transcatheter therapeutic embolization or vessel occlusion may be considered medically necessary for the following:
One repeat transcatheter therapeutic embolization or vessel occlusion of uterine arteries to treat persistent symptoms of uterine fibroids after an initial uterine artery embolization may be considered medically necessary when there is documentation of continued symptoms such as bleeding or pain, in combination with findings on imaging of an incomplete initial procedure, as evidenced by continued blood flow to the treated regions.
Transcatheter embolization for the management of cervical ectopic pregnancy is considered experimental, investigational and unproven.
Laparoscopic occlusion of the uterine arteries using bipolar coagulation is considered experimental, investigational and unproven.
Embolization of the ovarian vein and internal iliac veins is considered experimental, investigational and unproven as a treatment of pelvic congestion syndrome.
There are no specific CPT codes for ovarian and internal iliac vein embolization. The nonspecific CPT codes 36012 and 37204 might be billed.
Occlusion of Uterine Arteries Using Laparoscopic Occlusion to Treat Uterine Fibroids
No random controlled trials (RCTs) were identified that compared laparoscopic uterine artery occlusion (UAO) to surgery. The literature searches retrieved two European cohort studies (n = 21 and n = 114) on laparoscopic occlusion. Both studies are limited due to a lack of appropriate controls. A retrospective evaluation of the complications and recurrence rate from the study of 114 patients found a 7.1% complication rate with a rate of fibroid recurrence of 9%. (2) The recurrence-free survival rate at a median of 23.6 months follow-up was 88.3%.
Two RCTs were identified comparing transcatheter uterine artery embolization (UAE) and laparoscopic UAO.
A small RCT was conducted in India; 20 women with symptomatic fibroids were randomized to UAE (n=10) or laparoscopic UAO (n=10). (5) The primary outcome was symptomatic improvement in blood loss, measured by pictorial blood loss assessment charts. The groups were unbalanced at baseline—the pictorial blood loss was significantly higher in the laparoscopy group compared to the UAE group. The mean reduction in the blood loss score three months and six months postintervention did not differ significantly between groups. At six months, the percent reduction in blood loss scores was 60% in the UAE group and 41% in the laparoscopy group, p=0.44. The subjective pain score at day one after surgery, a secondary measure, was significantly greater in the UAE group compared to the laparoscopy group (mean scores of 6.5 and 2.7, respectively, on a visual analogue scale [VAS]). Although blood loss was similar in the two groups, the sample size was too small to draw accurate conclusions about the comparative efficacy of the procedures.
Occlusion of Uterine Arteries Using Transcatheter Embolization
UAE for treatment of uterine fibroids
UAE compared to surgery
In 2011, van der Kooij and colleagues published a meta-analysis of RCTs comparing UAE and surgery for treating symptomatic uterine fibroids and presented up to 5-year follow-up data. (8) The investigators identified 11 articles reporting on 5 RCTs. The overall intra-procedural and early post-procedural complication rates were similar with the 2 procedures. However, length of hospital stay, need for blood transfusion, and febrile morbidity were significantly lower in the UAE group compared to the surgery group. At 12 months, a pooled analysis of 2 studies found a significantly higher reintervention rate in the UAE group compared to the surgery group (odds ratio [OR]: 5.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.14 to 15.58). Pooled analyses of quality-of-life variables at 12 months did not find significant differences between groups. Results were similar after 5 years. The reintervention rate was significantly higher at 5 years, according to a pooled analysis of 2 trials (OR: 5.41, 95% CI: 2.48 to 11.81).
A Cochrane review also conducted a meta-analysis of 5 RCTs comparing UAE to surgery in women with symptomatic uterine fibroids. (9) Pooled analyses did not find statistically significant differences in patient satisfaction with UAE or surgery after 2 years (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.40 to 1.21, 5 trials) or 5 years (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.45-1.90, 2 trials). UAE was associated with a lower procedure length, shorter hospital stay, shorter time to resumption of routine activities, and lower likelihood of blood transfusion. There were no significant differences between UAE and surgery in terms of major complications, but there was a higher rate of minor complications and reintervention with UAE.
Two key trials are described below.
The Randomized Trial of Embolization versus Surgical Treatment for Fibroids (REST) multicenter trial assigned patients in a 2:1 ratio to undergo UAE (n=106) or surgery (43 hysterectomies and 8 myomectomies). (10) The embolization group had lower postoperative pain (3.0 vs. 4.6, respectively) and faster recovery (e.g., 1- vs. 5-day median hospitalization, respectively). Of 7 identified pregnancies in the UAE group, 2 resulted in successful live births. Five-year follow-up data from the REST trial were published in 2011. (11) A total of 144 of 157 (92%) randomized patients were included in the 5-year analysis. Quality-of-life and symptom scores were similar in the 2 groups at 5 years. For example, the mean symptom score was 4.5 in the UAE group and 4.8 in the surgery group (scores ranged from 15, markedly worse to 5, markedly better). By the 5-year follow-up, 27 of 106 (25%) in the UAE group and 2 of 51 (4%) in the surgery group had received an additional intervention for continued or recurrent symptoms. The total rate of further intervention for symptoms or adverse events over the 5-year period was 32% in the UAE group and 4% after surgery. In the UAE group, there were 3 technical failures of the procedure, 8 repeat UAEs, and 18 hysterectomies. Note that one woman had both a repeat UAE and a hysterectomy, and 2 women were not embolized after randomization and subsequently underwent surgery.
The Embolization versus hysterectomy (EMMY) trial from the Netherlands included 177 women with uterine fibroids and heavy menstrual bleeding who were scheduled to undergo hysterectomy. They were randomized to receive UAE (n=88) or hysterectomy (n=89). (12, 13) By the 2-year follow-up, 19 of the 81 (23%) women who actually received UAE had undergone a hysterectomy. An analysis of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes at 2 years found similar improvement in both groups overall. The defecation distress inventory (DDI) score improved significantly in only the UAE group starting at 6 months. A report of 5-year outcome data from the EMMY trial was published in 2010. (14) A total of 70 of the 89 (79%) patients originally randomized to the hysterectomy group and 75 of 88 (85%) in the UAE group completed questionnaires at 60 months. In an intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, 23 of 81 (28.4%) women who had received UAE underwent hysterectomy during the 5 years. Including the hysterectomies, 58 of 81 (71.6%) women in the UAE group no longer had menorrhagia. There were no significant differences between groups in health-related quality of life at 5 years, as assessed by mental and physical components of the Short Form-36 (SF-36). For example, the mean difference in change scores at 60 months on the physical component summary of the SF-36 was 1.26 (95% CI: 2.16 to 4.70). Within the hysterectomy group, there was a statistically significantly worse physical health score at 5 years (mean of 6.87) compared to 2 years (mean of 7.26), p=0.01. The UAE group did not have a significant change in the mean physical health score, which was 6.87 at 5 years and 5.80 at 2 years, p=0.34. There was also not a statistically significant difference in the rate of reported urinary incontinence. Similar to the 2-year finding, the DDI significantly improved over time in the UAE group but not in the group assigned to initial hysterectomy. There was not, however, a statistically significant difference between groups in defecation function at 5 years. The authors did not discuss their level of statistical power to detect between-group differences.
Several RCTs comparing UAE and surgery have been published since the literature search conducted for the van der Kooij meta-analysis. A study from China reported only 6-month follow-up data. (15) An RCT by Manyonda and colleagues from the U.K. focused on myomectomy. (16) The investigators randomized women with symptomatic fibroids to UAE (n=82) or myomectomy (n=81). Mean hospital stay was significantly shorter after UAE than surgery (2 vs. 4 days, respectively; p<0.0001). There were no significant differences in minor or major complications. A total of 120 of 163 (74%) were available for the analysis of quality of life, the primary outcome measure. There were no significant differences between groups in change in quality-of-life scores from baseline to 1 year. Nine patients (11%) in the UAE group required additional intervention, and 3 patients (4%) in the myomectomy group later underwent hysterectomy.
Repeat UAE to treat recurrent or persistent symptoms
A few retrospective case series on repeat UAE were identified. In 2009, McLucas and colleagues published a study in which the charts of 1,058 women who had undergone initial bilateral UAE at several U.S. centers were reviewed. (17) Forty-two (4%) patients had documentation of persistent symptoms, and they were offered a second bilateral UAE. Thirty-nine patients had repeat procedures, and 34 of these (87%) completed a follow-up questionnaire at least 6 months postembolization. Before the second UAE procedure, 27 of the 34 (79%) women reported severe bleeding, and only 2 (6%) women reported severe bleeding after the procedure. Similarly, the number of women with severe pain decreased from 20 (59%) to 2 (6%), and with severe pressure decreased from 18 (53%) to 2 (6%). A total of 4 individuals experienced severe levels of one or more symptoms after the second UAE. Prospective comparative studies are needed to confirm the findings.
In 2006, Yousefi and colleagues reported on 24 patients who underwent repeat embolization for recurrent or persistent symptoms 6-66 months after the initial procedure. (18) The most common symptoms were pressure and/or bulk symptoms (n=15), recurrent heavy bleeding, (n=12) and pelvic pain or cramping (n=7). Follow-up data were available on 21 of 24 (87.5%) after the second UAE; 19 (90%) reported symptom control.
UAE compared to laparoscopic occlusion
Two RCTs were identified comparing transcatheter UAE and laparoscopic UAO. The larger study with longer follow-up was by Hald and colleagues and was conducted at a university hospital in Norway. (19) The investigators evaluated clinical outcomes in 66 premenopausal women (mean age: 43 years) with symptomatic uterine fibroids who were randomized to treatment with either laparoscopic occlusion of uterine arteries or UAE. Women who wanted to bear children in the future, had a large uterus, had undergone multiple previous open abdominal surgeries, and who had bleeding disorders were excluded. The primary outcome was reduction in blood loss at 6 months' post-intervention, as measured by a pictorial blood loss assessment chart. Fifty-eight women underwent treatment, 29 with UAE and 29 with laparoscopic occlusion. The proportion of women who had a reduction in blood loss after 6 months did not differ between the treatment groups (52% after UAE and 53% after laparoscopy, respectively; p=0.96). An additional publication reported on follow-up data at a median of 48 months after treatment (range: 8-73 months). (20) The cumulative clinical failure and recurrence rate was significantly lower for patients in the UAE group (17%, n=5) compared to the laparoscopy group (48%, n=17), p=0.02. Moreover, fewer patients in the UAE group (7%, n=2) had a hysterectomy than in the laparoscopy group (28%, n=8), p=0.41. The authors concluded that UAE is superior to laparoscopic UAO for treatment of uterine fibroids.
Impact of UAE treatment of uterine fibroids on fertility and pregnancy outcomes
A 2010 systematic review by Homer and Saridogan identified a total of 227 pregnancies after UAE for uterine fibroids from 8 published reports. (21) Miscarriage rates were compared to a control group of 1,121 pregnancies in women with intramural fibroids from 14 studies. The overall pooled miscarriage rate was 80 of 227 (35.2%) in the UAE group compared to 185 of 1,121 (16.5%) in the fibroid group, p<0.001. In addition, the review compared obstetric outcomes in women with UAE to a control group of 4,454 women from 10 studies on pregnancies complicated by fibroids. The rate of Cesarean section was significantly higher in the UAE group (66%) than in the fibroid group (48.6%), p<0.001. There was also a significantly higher rate of postpartum hemorrhage in the UAE group compared to the fibroid group, 14% versus 2.5%, p<0.001. Rates of preterm delivery, malpresentation, and intra-uterine growth retardation did not differ significantly between groups.
UAE for treatment of postpartum uterine hemorrhage (PPH)
No RCTs or other comparative studies evaluating UAE for treating PPH were identified. Several case series have been published. Representative larger series are described below:
In 2011, Ganguli and colleagues published data on 66 women who underwent UAE for the treatment of PPH. (22) The clinical success rate, defined as obviation of hysterectomy, was 95%. Three of 66 (5%) women had a subsequent hysterectomy. In addition to the 3 clinical failures, there were 3 (5%) major complications after UAE: one case of lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis, one case of postprocedural pancreatitis, and one admission for intravenous antibiotic treatment for presumed endometritis. Nine pregnancies after UAE were identified; there were 2 spontaneous abortions and 7 viable gestations.
In 2009, Kirby and colleagues published a retrospective analysis of data from 43 women who underwent UAE for primary PPH. (23) In this study, clinical success was defined as cessation of bleeding without need for repeat embolization, laparotomy or hysterectomy and without mortality. Eight of 43 (19%) of women had a hysterectomy prior to UAE. Of the remaining 35 women, clinical success was achieved in 29 women (83%). Considering the sample as a whole, the clinical success rate was 29 of 43 (67%). Complications among women who had a UAE without a previous hysterectomy included one case of a groin hematoma, one inadvertent perforation of the left obturator artery during UAE, one bleeding necrotic fibroid tumor, and one case of symptoms consistent with endometritis.
UAE for treatment of cervical ectopic pregnancy
No RCTs or other comparative studies evaluating UAE for treating cervical ectopic pregnancy were identified. The published literature consisted of case series with small numbers of patients. Sample sizes ranged from 2 to 20 patients, and most studies had fewer than 10 patients. The largest prospective series was conducted in China by Xiaolin and colleagues. (24) Patients underwent UAE and in conjunction with methotrexate injections before, during, and after the UAE procedure. Median follow-up was 12 months (range 1 to 50 months). Two of 20 patients (10%) had recurrent vaginal bleeding; the other 18 had no significant bleeding after UAE. Five patients (25%) had an additional curettage procedure due to bleeding and/or high levels of beta (b)-hCG. The uterus was preserved in all patients, and normal menses resumed after 2 to 4 months. Eight of 16 (50%) women who attempted another pregnancy achieved a normal pregnancy within 1 year. There were 2 miscarriages and 6 live births at term.
Ongoing Clinical Trials
The FIRSST: Comparing MRgFUS (MR guided Focused Ultrasound) versus UAE (Uterine Artery Embolization) (NCT00995878) (25): This is an RCT comparing MRgFUS to UAE in premenopausal women at least 25 years of age who have symptomatic uterine fibroids. The study is sponsored by the Mayo Clinic. The expected study completion date is December 2015.
Practice Guidelines and Position Statements
In 2004, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) issued a committee opinion on UAE. (27) The statement offered the following conclusions: "…. There is insufficient evidence in the current literature to ensure safety in women desiring to retain their fertility. Furthermore, pregnancy-related outcomes remain understudied. Therefore, the procedure should be considered investigational or relatively contraindicated in women wishing to retain fertility. The use of uterine artery embolization in postmenopausal women is rarely, if ever, indicated." In August 2008, ACOG issued a Practice Bulletin titled "Alternatives to Hysterectomy in the Management of Leiomyomas." (28) This Bulletin contained the following statement regarding UAE: "Based on long- and short-term outcomes, uterine artery embolization is a safe and effective option for appropriately selected women who wish to retain their uteri."
In 2006 (reaffirmed in 2008), ACOG issued a practice bulletin (No. 76) on management of postpartum hemorrhage. (26) The bulletin states that UAE may be indicated under the following circumstances:
"A patient with stable vital signs and persistent bleeding, especially if the rate of loss is not excessive, may be a candidate for arterial embolization. Radiographic identification of bleeding vessels allows embolization with Gelfoam, coils, or glue. Balloon occlusion is also a technique used in such circumstances. Embolization can be used for bleeding that continues after hysterectomy or can be used as an alternative to hysterectomy to preserve fertility."
2010 Quality Improvement Guidelines from the Society of Interventional Radiology stated that uterine artery embolization is indicated in women with uterine leiomyomas that are causing significant symptoms. (29) Absolute contraindications to UAE are viable pregnancy, active infection, and suspected uterine, cervical, or adnexal malignancy (unless the procedure is being performed for palliation or in conjunction with surgery). A desire to maintain fertility is a relative contraindication.
Uterine artery embolization involves selective catheterization of the uterine arteries with injection of embolization material. The available evidence suggests that the net health outcome after UAE for uterine fibroids is reasonable compared to surgery, especially for women who do not desire to maintain their fertility; this procedure may be considered medically necessary. Meta-analyses of RCTs have found similar levels of quality of life after 5 years among women receiving UAE or surgery, although there were more reinterventions in the UAE group. Reviews of fertility and pregnancy outcomes after UAE suggest that successful pregnancy is possible but that there are higher rates of miscarriage and postpartum hemorrhage compared to women with intramural fibroids and higher rates of preterm delivery compared to women whose fibroids had been treated by myomectomy. Although there are a lack of controlled studies on repeat UAE, case series found a high rate of success after a second UAE for recurrent or persistent symptoms.
There are no controlled studies evaluating UAE for postpartum hemorrhage or cervical ectopic pregnancy. However, due to available evidence from case series and strong support from clinical reviewers, UAE for postpartum hemorrhage may be considered medically necessary. In the absence of either controlled studies or strong clinical support, UAE for management of cervical ectopic pregnancy is considered investigational.
No RCTs have been published comparing embolization therapy for pelvic congestion syndrome to an alternative or sham/placebo treatment. RCTs are especially needed in situations such as this where the primary symptom is pain, a subjective outcome for which a placebo response to treatment is likely. The published studies consist of case series, most of which were retrospective and conducted outside of the United States. A summary table of the largest case series, (31-36, respectively) identified in review articles by Naoum (37) and Kies and Kim (38) is as follows:
No. of Patients
Mean Follow-Up (months)
Clinical Outcome (improvement in symptoms)
Maleux et al., 2000 (31)
Significant: 58.9%
Venbrux et al., 2002 (32)
Significant or partial: 96%
Pieri et al., 2003 (33)
Significant: 100%
Kim et al., 2006 (34)
Significant: 83%
Kwon et al., 2007 (35)
Significant or partial: 82%
Gandini et al., 2008 (36)
In addition to the efficacy of embolization for treating pelvic congestion syndrome, the published literature has addressed the issue of diagnosis of pelvic congestion syndrome and whether it causes pelvic pain. In his 2009 review article, Naoum, a U.S.-based vascular surgeon, stated that venography is considered the 'gold standard' for diagnosing pelvic congestion syndrome but that other types of diagnostic imaging, e.g., ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan, are also used. (37) He added that a diagnostic algorithm to guide patient management still needs to be developed. Similarly, in 2010, Tu and colleagues published a systematic review of literature on the diagnosis and management of pelvic congestion syndrome. (39) The authors commented that studies have rarely specified explicit diagnostic criteria for pelvic congestion syndrome and that definitions of pelvic pain have varied widely among studies. Moreover, most studies have not used objective outcome measures.
A 2012 review article by Ball and colleagues stated that the issue of whether pelvic congestion syndrome causes chronic pelvic pain is still a matter of debate. (40) The authors noted that although venous reflux is common, not all women with this condition experience chronic pelvic pain and, additionally, chronic pelvic pain is reported by women without pelvic congestion syndrome. The authors recommended a systematic review of evidence on the causal link between pelvic congestion syndrome and chronic pelvic pain, and they stated that, if causation is established, well-designed RCTs evaluating embolization therapy may be needed.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) website has no relevant policy positions on embolization for treating pelvic congestion syndrome. The Society of Interventional Radiology (SIR) fact sheet on chronic pelvic pain in women endorses coil embolization as an effective treatment option for pelvic congestion syndrome (41)
RCTs using well-defined diagnostic criteria are required to establish the safety and efficacy of this procedure. The available literature regarding embolization therapy for the treatment of pelvic congestion syndrome is inadequate to draw clinical conclusions; thus the treatment is considered experimental, investigational and unproven.
Disclaimer for coding information on Medical Policies
Procedure and diagnosis codes on Medical Policy documents are included only as a general reference tool for each policy. They may not be all-inclusive.
The presence or absence of procedure, service, supply, device or diagnosis codes in a Medical Policy document has no relevance for determination of benefit coverage for members or reimbursement for providers. Only the written coverage position in a medical policy should be used for such determinations.
Benefit coverage determinations based on written Medical Policy coverage positions must include review of the member's benefit contract or Summary Plan Description (SPD) for defined coverage vs. non-coverage, benefit exclusions, and benefit limitations such as dollar or duration caps.
39.72, 39.75, 39.76, 39.79, 44.44, 68.25, 99.29, 218.0-218.9, 417.0, 447.0, 456.4, 625.5, 666.0-666.2, 747.60–747.69, 747.81, 784.7
Occlusion of Uterine Arteries Using Laparoscopic Occlusion to Treat Uterine Fibroids (1-6); Occlusion of Uterine Arteries Using Transcatheter Embolization (7-30); Ovarian and Internal Iliac Vein Embolization as a Treatment of Pelvic Congestion Syndrome (31-42)


text: Well, these are some sexy fucking pictures. Bar Refaeli topless pictures are basically what I'm living for at this point, and while it's true that she is covering up in the topless shot, there is that other shot in which her top is really see-through. So see-through, in fact, that you can totally see Bar Refaeli's nipple! But seriously, we need some proper Bar Refaeli topless pictures, like yesterday.


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