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ClassicsOnline Home » DANTE: Divine Comedy (The) - 2. Purgatory (Unabridged)
Now of that second kingdom I shall sing where human souls are purified of sin and made worthy to ascend to Heaven' Purgatory is the second part of Dante's Divine Comedy ascending the terraces of the Mount of Purgatory inhabited by those doing penance to expiate their sins on earth. There are the proud—forced to circle their terrace for aeons bent double in humility; the slothful—running around crying out examples of zeal and sloth; while the lustful are purged by fire. Though less well-known than Inferno, Purgatory has inspired many writers including, in our century, Samuel Beckett, and has played a key role in literature.
Purgatory from The Divine Comedy
The Divine Comedy is an epic poem in three
parts, describing the poet's imagined journey
through Hell, Purgatory and Paradise, and
culminating in his vision of God.
To this extent it has much in common with the
epic masterpieces of Homer and Virgil whose roots
are in history and myth; but the 'Commedia' is
also an allegory, dealing with nothing less than
man's relationship with and place within the
universe. Dante's universe was, of course, a
medieval one in which the sun and stars revolved
around the Earth, and while the 'Commedia' takes
account of contemporary science in minute detail,
his vision of the way in which the regions of the
afterworld might be contained within this
framework is brilliant in its originality. Hell (the
Inferno) is conceived as a tapering funnel
plunging down into the earth beneath the
Northern hemisphere. At its deepest point a
passage leads out into the Southern hemisphere,
where Mount Purgatory—its shape mirroring that
of Hell—tapers upwards towards Heaven. Paradise
itself is conceived as a series of ten 'spheres'
encircling the Earth, with God somewhere beyond
the tenth, merely glimpsed by Dante as
consciousness ebbs from him.
This colossal construction is subdivided to
create a zone for every facet of human nature. In
Hell and Purgatory a place is allotted for every sin
and foible which exists within the world, while in
Paradise the pure and just, the saints and the Holy
Trinity are arranged in a strict hierarchy. Dante peoples each region with figures from literature,
history and from his own contemporary society.
This allows him to comment on issues of morality
not in merely abstract terms, but in relation to
actual people and events, many of them of
titillating contemporary relevance. Because of this
many of the names encountered mean nothing to
modern readers, and this is one of the reasons
why most editions of Dante incorporate many
pages of notes for each page of text (a practice
which began, incidentally, within a few years of
the poem's first publication). The main purpose,
however, is not to point the finger or poke fun at
friends and enemies (though there is undoubtedly
an element of this), but to examine the reality of
man's human and spiritual nature in all its various
and complex manifestations.
Dante calls the three books of The Divine
Comedy 'canzoni'. Each contains 33 chapters or
'cantos', except Inferno which has an additional
introductory canto—making 100 cantos in all.
Each canto contains roughly 150 lines composed
according to a strict metrical and rhyme scheme.
The language of the poem is, importantly, not
Latin (as was customary for high art in Dante's
day) but the language used by educated people in
14th century Florence. In addition Dante made
liberal use of archaic language and regional
dialects, all of which makes life very difficult for
the modern translator. But Dante's purpose was to
make his work readable by the 'ordinary' reader—not merely clerics and academics—for despite its lofty theme and layers of symbolism, The Divine
Comedy is intended to speak to us directly
through the power of Dante's imagery and
narrative skill.
This work has not only endured, but has
exerted a powerful influence on Western thought
for almost seven centuries, especially perhaps the
Inferno, whose characters and images can be
found peppered throughout literature and art
right up to the present day. Tchaikowsky's
Francesca da Rimini and Puccini's Gianni Schicci
are borrowed from it. Illustrations for Dante
editions inspired well known masterpieces by
Botticelli, Blake and Doré, while the Pre-Raphaelite
painter Dante Gabriel Rossetti (his first name an
obvious choice for a father who was a Dante
scholar and reputedly able to recite the entire
'Commedia' from memory) returned time and
again to Dante for inspiration, notably in the
enigmatic "Beata Beatrix".
Samuel Beckett's plays and novels are full of
allusions to both Inferno and Purgatory—shades
walking slowly weighed down by leaden cloaks
(Inf. Canto XXIII), creatures swimming in mud
poking and whistling at one another (Inf. Canto
XXII), and indolent characters with little inclination
to struggle any further (Purg. Canto IV). Indeed,
the character Belacqua who Dante encounters
here is the primary source for all those later
Beckett characters who might say: "what's the
good in climbing?"
One of the principal characters in The Divine
Comedy (though she does not actually appear in
the Inferno) is Beatrice, whose significance in
Dante's life needs to be understood. Dante first met and fell in love with Beatrice Portinari when
she was eight and he nine years old. He
worshipped her from afar until her early death at
the age of twenty four. (The full story of this
strange 'love affair' is told by Dante in his La Vita
Nuova). Beatrice then came to symbolise for
Dante all that is pure and worthy. In the
'Commedia' it is Beatrice who sends the poet
Virgil to guide Dante through Hell and Purgatory.
In Purgatory she herself assumes responsibility for
his journey of discovery, and it is she who later
reveals to him the splendours of Paradise, leading
him eventually to "that love that moves the Sun
and other stars."
And it is in Purgatory that Dante gives us the
nub of the problem. The lengthy discourse on love
and free will (in Canto XVIII) prepares us for
Dante's meeting with his idealized love and for her
unexpected reprimands (Canto XXX). She argues
that at her death Dante might have dedicated his
great talents to her (to purity, to wisdom and to
truth) but that he allowed himself to be turned
away and thus wasted himself. Her purpose in
revealing the Divine order to him is to restore him
to the true path.
The almost cinematic splendour of Beatrice's
appearance at the head of a fantastic allegorical
procession provides a stunning climax to this
second book of the trilogy.
Notes by Roger Marsh
Canto I
Dante and Virgil emerge from Hell just before
Dawn on Easter Sunday. They meet Cato of Utica,
guardian of the shores of Purgatory who
challenges them as fugitives from Hell. They
explain their mission.
four stars: Prudence, Justice, Fortitude and
Cato: guardian of the island-mountain. An
opponent of Caesar and a suicide, but also a
symbol of devotion to freedom, for which he died.
At the foot of Purgatory he is on the highest rung
of natural virtues, and the lowest of godly virtues.
Magpies: Pierus, king of Emathia, had nine
daughters who unwisely challenged the Muses to
a contest of song. Defeated, they were changed
into magpies for their presumption
Canto II
Dante observes a strange object crossing the
water—the Angel boatman ferrying souls from
their gathering place at the mouth of the Tiber to
Purgatory's shore.
Casella: a musician-singer friend of Dante's.
all who wish to cross: Boniiface VIII declared a
Jubilee Year from Christmas 1299 to Christmas
1300 extending plenary indulgence to all pilgrims
to Rome, believed to extend to the dead.
Canto III
They race on. At the base of the cliff they meet
the first Late Repentants; souls who put off desire for grace and must wait for purgation. The
Contumacious, here, died excommunicated but
surrendered their souls to God at the point of
death. They must wait thirty times the period it
took them to repent, their contumacy.
Brindisi: Virgil's body was taken from Brindisi to
Naples in 19 BC.
Manfred: King of Sicily, opposed by the Papacy.
Canto IV
They reach the opening in the cliff face and begin
the climb. Dante flags but Virgil urges him to the
next level of the Late Repentants: the ledge of the
Indolent. Virgil explains that the beginning of the
ascent (turning from Sin to True Repentance) is the
hardest, but the higher one goes the easier it
more than one soul: Plato claimed we have
three souls, each with a specific function, the
vegetative, the emotional and the intellectual.
Belacqua: a Florentine lutemaker and friend of
Dante's famed for indolence.
Canto V
Dante's shadow creates excitement among the
souls of the next level, those who died by violence
without last rites. Since their lives were cut short
they did not have the chance to repent fully, and
so are placed higher than the Indolent.
Miserere: Psalm 51, which asks for forgiveness
and purification of the soul.
Buonconte: the son of Guido da Montefeltro, in Hell as an evil counsellor. Buonconte was killed at
the battle of Campaldino. Giovanna was his wife.
Pia: traditionally Pia de' Tolomei of Siena, whose
jealous husband suspected her of adultery and
threw her from a window to her death.
Canto VI
The souls of those who died by violence continue
to press around Dante. He promises to bear word
of them back to the world, but does not pause.
Virgil speaks of the power of prayer to shorten
time in Purgatory but tells Dante to wait for
Beatrice to explain. They come upon Sordello, a
Mantuan like Virgil.
Sordello: a troubadour poet of the early
thirteenth century.
Justinian: emperor of Constantinople 527–565,
author of the code of Roman law, 'the bridle'.
Marcellus: a Roman senator who opposed Caesar
but was forgiven by him.
Canto VII
Sordello pays homage to Virgil and offers to guide
the poets to St Peter's Gate. He explains that none
may climb during sunset, and shows them a
flowering valley to rest in. They observe the
Negligent Rulers of the Late Repentants, to whom
personal satisfaction was more important than
public duty.
snubnose: Philip III of France, the lily is the symbol
of France.
kindly features: Henry of Navarre, reportedly
suffocated by his own fat.
France's Plague: Philip IV of France, whose
misrule unites him with his father and father-in-law
Henry of Navarre.
robust soul, handsome nose: former enemies,
Pedro III of Aragon and Charles I of Anjou. Pedro
was responsible for the massacre of the French in
the 'Sicilian Vespers' of 1282.
young man: Alfonso III, the Magnificent, King of
Aragon who died in 1291 without heirs.
Henry [III] of England: a pious but slothful king
whose son, Edward I, was an improvement.
William, Marquis: of Montferrat, was captured
quelling a rebellion in Alessandria and displayed in
an iron cage until his death. The Alessandrians
invaded Montferrat and Canovese.
Canto VIII
The hour of evening worship arrives. The souls
gather and sing the evening Compline hymn
asking for protection in the night. Two angels
descend from heaven and take their posts one on
each side of the valley. The poets join the souls.
Te lucis ante terminum: 'To thee before the
ending of the light', the opening lines of the
Compline hymn.
Canto IX
Dante falls asleep. He dreams he is clasped in the
talons of an eagle and raised into an orb of fire.
When he wakes he is alone with Virgil, further up
the mountain, at the portals of Purgatory itself.
The angel inscribes seven P's on his forehead (for peccatum—sin) representing seven deadly sins to
be purged.
Tithonus: husband of Aurora, for whom she
gained the gift of eternal life but not eternal
youth. He grew old and decrepit beside his ageless
bride, who eventually turned him into a cicada.
we reached the steps: the three stages of
repentance. White for sincerity, black and rough
for contrition and sorrow for sin, red for penance
and the ardour that leads to good works.
Seven P's: the sins of Pride, Envy, Wrath, Sloth,
Avarice, Gluttony and Lust.
Te Deum laudamus: 'We praise thee O God'
Canto X
The door clangs shut behind them, and they are
faced by narrow fissure to climb. Three hours later
they come to the first terrace. On one side is a
precipice, on the other a frieze of marble reliefs.
Virgil asks Dante to observe the penitents of this
level bent double under the weight of boulders—the proud brought low.
Polycletus: A fifth century sculptor unsurpassed
in carving images of men. 'ecce ancilla Dei':
behold the hand maid of the Lord, the words of
the Virgin Mary at the Annunciation. (Luke 1:38)
the humble psalmist: King David, dancing in
humility before the Ark of the Covenant. (11 Sam.
6:1–17) Michal his wife was punished with sterility
for her scorn.
Canto XI
The proud souls, bent double, speak a version of the Lord's Prayer interceding for the living and
those still in Purgatory.
Oderisi glory of Gubbio: an illuminator of
manuscripts who in life boasted he had no equal
in painting.
Cimabue: a great Florentine master c. 1240–1302
who broke from the Byzantine tradition of art with
a more natural style.
Giotto: a pupil of Cimabue who went on to
surpass his master.
Canto XII
Virgil bids Dante straighten up, but then asks him
to observe the relief beneath his feet, with
depictions of great pride from Lucifer to the story
of Troy; the Reign of Pride. They reach the angel
guiding the next terrace, who erases the symbol of
pride from Dante's forehead.
Briareus: one of the giants who challenged
Thymbraeus: another name for Apollo.
Niobe: the mother of seven sons and seven
daughters who claimed her superiority over
Latona, who had only two. These were Apollo and
Diana, who killed her sons and daughters
respectively. Niobe was turned to stone, and left
to weep stone tears.
Arachne: challenged Minerva to a weaving
contest, and won, but was turned into a spider.
Tomyris: a Scythian queen who decapitated her
son's murderer, Cyrus, Emperor of the Persians,
and threw his head into a vessel of blood, urging
him to drink.
Beati paupares spiritu: the first beatitude.
Blessed are the poor in spirit; in praise of humility.
Canto XIII
The next terrace is apparently deserted, but as
Dante and Virgil walk on they hear voices crying
out examples of great love for others. These voices
are the Whip of Envy. The souls, when they see
them, have their eyes sealed, until their envious
looks are cured. The examples are of charitable
concern for others.
'Vinum non habent': they have no wine, an
allusion to the wedding feast at Cana, where Mary
solicits Christ's first miracle.
'I am Orestes': Orestes was condemned to
death for avenging the murder of his father,
Agammemnon. Pylades pretended to be Orestes
to save his friend's life, but Orestes would not
allow it and asserted his identity. Each declared
'I am Orestes'.
Canto XIV
Two speakers begin to discuss Dante as though he
were as deaf as they are blind. When Virgil and he
move on Dante is struck with terror by two
disembodied voices that break over them like
thunder—the Rein of Envy. Circe: an enchantress,
with the power to turn men into beasts.
It flows on: Guido describes the nature of the
inhabitants of the various towns of the Arno
valley. 'I shall be slain': the voice is of Cain facing
God's punishment 'I shall be a fugitive and a
wanderer on the earth and who ever finds me will kill me.' (Gen 4: 13–14)
I am Aglauros: the second example of Envy.
Aglauros, daughter of the king of Athens. tried
out of jealousy to prevent a meeting between her
sister and Mercury, and so was turned to stone.
Canto XV
The travellers have rounded a quarter of the
mountain and now face the sun setting in the
north. Dante is dazzled by the Angel of Caritas,
who passes them on to the next ledge. The Angel
sings the fifth beatitude as they enter the Third
Cornice—the Wrathful. The visions that entrance
Dante are the Whip of Wrath, extolling the virtue
of Meekness.
the more each posesses : sharing love does not
diminish but increases the quantity of it.
'why have you done this to us': the words of
Mary when she finds Jesus in the temple are
meek, despite her distress at losing him.
'If you are ruler of this city': the allusion is
to Athens, over which Neptune and Athena
contested. Pisistratus, its benevolent tyrant was
famous for turning away anger with a soft answer.
stoning a boy to death: St Stephen, the first
Christian martyr.
Canto XVI
Dante is blinded by smoke that purifies the
wrathful, and clings to Virgil. He hears their voices
singing Agnus dei, the lamb of God symbol of the
meekness of divine love. They sing with one voice
for Wrath is the sin that breeds division among
From the fond hands of God: Marco has said
that if the world has gone astray it is man's fault,
not the stars. But the state of the world is not
caused by depravity inherent in human nature—the soul is innocent but in need of guidance. The
lack of guidance has brought the present corrupt
state about.
Canto XVII
Emerging from the smoke Dante sees the visions
that make the rein of Wrath. The Angel of
Meekness calls them to the next level, but it is
dark and the Poets must rest. Virgil explains
I saw the cruelty of one: Procne, angered by her
husband's rape of her sister killed her own son in
wrath and fed him to his father. She was turned
into nightingale.
a figure who was crucified: Haman, minister of
Ahasuerus, king of Persia, enraged that the Jew
Mordecai refused to do him homage persuaded
the king to crucify all the Jews. Esther convinced
Ahasuerus of Haman's wickedness and the
minister was crucified instead.
O my queen: Amata wife of Latinus and mother
of Lavinia, hoped Turnus would marry her
daughter and kill Aeneas, the invader. Amata
killed herself in a rage after hearing a rumour of
Turnus' death. Her crime was against herself and
God's will however because Aeneas was chosen
by God to found Rome and the Empire.
Canto XVIII
Dante enquires more about the nature of love.
Virgil explains warning that he must seek the final
answer from Beatrice. A train of souls come
running round the mountain—the slothful, now in
too much of a hurry to stop and talk.
Ismenus and Asopus: Boetian rivers, near
Barbarossa: Emperor Frederick I, who destroyed
Milan in 1162.
one foot in the grave: Alberto dell Scala, Lord of
Verona, who died in 1301; the year is presently
Canto XIX
Dante dreams of the Siren, hideous in her true
form but who grows irresistible as men stare on
her. Virgil, prompted by a Heavenly lady strips the
Siren, exposing her deformities. Dante awakes and
they continue to the fifth cornice of the Avaricious—the hoarders and spendthrifts.
the sweet Siren: represents the vices of Avarice,
Gluttony and Lust which will be purged on the
upper three terraces.
'I was Peter's successor': Pope Adrian V, of the
counts of Lavagna, the river mentioned.
Canto XX
The Poets find the ledge so crowded with sinners
there is only a narrow path left to walk. Dante
hears a soul cry out the Whip of Avarice. The
sinner proceeds to denounce the Capetian dynasty, which he founded, then offer exampla of
the Rein of Avarice. The mountain is shaken as if
by an earthquake.
how poor then you were: the blessed poverty
of Mary
Fabricius: the honourable poverty of a Roman
Consul who refused to deal in bribes, and died so
poor the state buried him.
(Saint) Nicholas: bishop of Myra in Lycia, whose
generosity saved an impoverished nobleman from
turning his daughters to a life of sin through lack
of dowry.
evil past and future may seem less: refers to
Philip the Fair's attack on Boniface VII in 1303. He
was threatened with execution and died of
'hysterical seizures.' The crime, to Dante, dwarfed
all else. Pygmalion: a king of Tyre Achan: stole
some of the consecrated spoils of Jericho. Joshua
had him stoned to death with his family.
Canto XXI
A newcomer explains why the mountain appeared
to shake. It is Statius an admirer of Virgil's work
and a poet himself.
she who sits spinning: Lachesis, who spins the
thread of a man's life from the measure of wool
her sister Clotho puts on the distaff. Atropos the
third sister cuts the thread when it is finished.
Thaumus daughter: Iris, personification of the
tremors: for Dante, earthquakes were caused by
winds trapped underground.
worthy Titus: emperor from 79–81 AD, destroyed
Statius: the major poet of the Silver Age of Latin
literature. He never completed his second major
work the Achilleid. His first is the Thebaid.
Canto XXII
Statius explains how he became a Christian, and
inquires after his favourite poets of aniquity.
Statius' besetting sin was prodigality. They come
to a tree laden with fruits, and from within the
foliage a voice cries out exempla for the whip of
Jocasta: the mother of Oedipus, whom she later
unwittingly married. Her two sons Eteocles and
Polynices killed each other, the subject of Statius
many of your people: characters from Statius
works. a tree that blocked our path: small
branches at the bottom, growing larger at the top,
make the fruit unattainable.
Daniel: spurned meat and drink of the king's
table and was given the gift by God of
interpreting visions and dreams.
Canto XXIII
The three poets hear Psalm 51, and a band of
emaciated spirits come from behind them—the
Gluttonous. Dante recognises one by his voice, his
features are so changed by starvation. Forese
Donati although a late repentant, has moved up
the mountain because of his widow's prayers.
Labis Mea Domine: 'Open my lips O lord, and
my mouth shall sing your praises,'the prayer of the
Erysichthon: commited an outrage by cutting
down the trees in a grove sacred to Ceres. She
afflicted him with ravenous hunger, which led him
to eat his own flesh.
OMO: a medieval notion that God had signed his
handiwork, OMO dei, man [is] of God. The eye
sockets form the O's and the brows nose and
cheekbones the M.
Eli: Eli, eli, lema sabachthani, my God my god
who hast thou forsaken me. (Matthew 27:46).
Barbagia women: famous for being lascivious
and bare-breasted.
Canto XXIV
Forese identifies many of the Gluttonous. They
come to the Tree of Knowledge and having skirted
it meet the Angel of Abstinence who shows them
to the ascent.
Piccarda: Forese's sister, who took vows but was
forced into a political marriage.
Bonagiunta of Lucca: poet and orator of repute,
but a famous glutton and drinker too.
one behind him: Pope Martin IV, a good pope, if
a glutton.
Take heart: Forese's prophecy of the downfall of
Corso Donati, his brother.
Canto XXV
Dante wonders how purely spiritual beings can feel
hunger and thirst. Statius explains and he finishes
as they arrive at the seventh and last terrace.
Meleager: was fated to live as long as a piece
of wood on his mother's hearth remained
unconsumed. She kept it from the fire until in
revenge for the death of her brothers, whom he
killed, she burned it. As it was consumed, he died.
Summus Deus clementia: God of supreme
clemency, the hymn of the Lustful, asking God to
banish Lust from their hearts.
'virum non cognosco': 'I know no man,' the
reply of the Virgin Mary when she was told she
would conceive and bear a son. Diana
Diana took to the woods to preserve her virginity.
Helice one of her nymphs was seduced by Jove
and banished.
Canto XXVI
They proceed avoiding the flames. A conversation
begins between Dante and some souls, but is
interrrupted by another group of souls rushing in
the opposite direction. The two groups greet each
other, then shout exempla of Lust.
Sodom and Gomorrah: words shouted in selfreproach
for the sin of sodomy. Pasiphae enters
the cow: the wife of Minos of Crete who Poseidon
caused to lust after a bull. She had a structure
made resembling a cow into which she climbed
and was posessed by the bull. The union produced
the Minotaur.
Guido Guinzelli: vernacular poet of mid 13th
Arnault Daniel: author of late 13th century
Provencal poetry, some pornographic.
Canto XXVII
They meet the angel of chastity but Dante is afraid
to pass through the curtain of fire. Virgil
persuades him in Beatrice's name. A chant coming
from the other side guides them, sung by the
Angel guardian of the Earthly Paradise. They hurry
on but night overtakes them and they sleep on
the steps up. Dante has a prophetic dream.
Beati mundo corde: Blessed are the pure in heart
Pyramus and Thisbe: tragic lovers of Babylon. At
their rendezvous by a mulberry bush Pyramus
comes across Thisbe's bloody scarf and assumes
she has been killed. He stabs himself, and his
blood stains the ground turning the mulberries,
hitherto white, a deep red. Thisbe whispers her
name to him as he dies.
Leah: the first wife of Jacob, Rachel his second.
Leah was fertile, Rachel sterile but with beautiful
clear eyes. They were held to be representative of
the active and contemplative life respectively.
Canto XXVIII
Dante wanders at leisure in the earthly paradise
until his way is blocked by the waters of Lethe. He
comes across Matilda who explains the Garden to
a solitary lady: Matilda who symbolises the
active life of the Soul, but also the intermediary
between Human Reason and Beatrice's various
manifestations Divine Love, contemplative life of
the soul and others.
Delectasti: from Psalm 92. 'For thou Lord hast
made me glad through thy Work'
Lethe: classically, the river from which the souls of
the dead drink to forget their first existence.
Eunoe is Dante's invention from the Greek for
Canto XXIX
When the lady has finished speaking, she begins
to walk upstream singing, Dante keeping pace
with her on the other side. A glorious light and
sweet melody fills the air with rapture. Dante cries
out against Eve's daring, through which such joy
was lost to mankind.
The heavenly pageant: is an allegory of the
church triumphant. The seven candlesticks and their
rainbow trails represent the gifts of the holy
spirit (wisdom, understanding, counsel, might,
knowledge, piety and fear of the Lord. The twentyfour
elders are the books of the old testament, and
the four beasts guarding the chariot, the evangelists—Mathew, Mark, Luke and John. The griffon's dual
nature reflects the human and divine nature of
Christ. To the right of the chariot the three dancing
ladies are the theological virtues Faith, Hope and
Charity; to the left are the four cardinal virtues:
Prudence, Justice, Fortitude, and Temperance. The
seven men following are the remaining books of the
New Testament, the last being the Apocalypse of
St John.
Three eyes: indicate Prudence's ability to see past
present and future. Prudence is a good memory of
the past, good knowledge of the present, and
good foresight of the future.
great Hippocrates: the reference is to Luke, the
physician of the soul.
the other: St Paul. The sword represents the word
of God.
four with an humble aspect: the minor epistles
of James, Peter, John and Jude.
Canto XXX
Dante encounters Beatrice, feeling shame at the
years he has ignored her. Dante turns to Virgil and
finds he has disappeared. Beatrice reprimands
Dante for having wasted his talents.
veni sponsa de Libano: 'come my bride from
Lebanon' from the Song of Solomon. Here the
soul is wedded to Christ.
Benedictus qui venis: 'Blessed art thou that
comest' (Matthew 21:9).
Manibus, O date lilia plenis: O, give us lilies
with full hands (Aeneid VI 883). A tribute to the
now departed Virgil. appeared a lady: Beatrice,
who in life, left Dante stupified. He would often
faint in her presence.
I know the flame of old: the words spoken by
Dido of her passion for Aeneas, which she
thought had died (Aeneid IV, 23). In te Domini
speravi: 'In thee, O lord have I put my trust.'
Psalm 31
Canto XXXI
Beatrice's reprimand continues, forcing Dante to
confess his faults until he swoons with grief and
pain at the thought of his sin. He wakes in the
waters of Lethe, held by Matilda.
Asperges me: Cleanse me [of sin]. Psalms Ii 7.
Matilda is performing the office of absolution after
Dante's confession and repentance.
the four women: the Cardinal virtues Justice,
Prudence, Fortitude, Temperance. here as nymphs,
but also as the stars Dante saw at the base of the
three beyond: faith hope and charity.
second beauty: i.e., salvation.
Parnassus: the fountain of Castalia. To drink from
it is to receive poetic gifts, to grow pale in its
shadow is to labour at mastering the art.
Canto XXXII
Beatrice unveils and for the first time in ten years
he gazes on her radiance, thereby nearly losing
his sight. He recovers to observe a strange
metamorphosis of the chariot, an allegory of the
church in terms of the misdirections and heresies it
has suffered.
The tree: is an off shoot of the Tree of
Knowledge, from which Christ's Cross was made.
The pole the Griffon is pulling and what draws the
Church (i.e.,the chariot) forward is allegorically the
true cross too.
Syrinx: The hundred eyes of Argus, or Panoptes,
Juno's gamekeeper set to watch Io her rival in love
for Jupiter. Mercury lulled him to sleep and
beheaded him. Juno set Argus' eyes into the
peacock's tail.
bird of Jove: the eagle. Here its attack symbolises
the Roman persecution of early Christianity. The
ship metaphor is often used for the Church.
a fox: the heresies that threatened the early
a dragon: Satan
the seven heads: the deadly sins. Those with two horns are worst, Pride Wrath and Envy, Avarice
Sloth Gluttony and Lust have only one, as sins of
the flesh not the spirit.
ungirt whore: the corrupt papacy.
the giant: the French monarchy, especially Philip
the Fair, who forced the papacy to Avignon and
under his control.
Canto XXXIII
The seven nymphs sing a hymn of sorrow for the
Church. They walk on in front, with Dante Statius
and Matilda behind Beatrice. She delivers an
obscure prophecy regarding the church for Dante
to record for the living. Dante drinks from the
restoring waters of Eunoe and is ready for the
Deus venerunt gentes: a lament for the
destruction of the temple of Jerusalem—'O God,
the nations have come into your inheritance, thy
holy temple they have defiled (Psalm 78).
Modicum et non videbitis me: a little while and
you shall not see me, (et iterum), and again
(modicum et vos videbitis me), a little while and
you shall see me. The words of Christ regarding
his own departure and return, (John 16:16).
Tigris and Euphrates: two of the four rivers
mentioned in Genesis as watering the Earthly
About the translation
Had Dante guessed at the attention posterity
would give his vision, he would no doubt have set
aside a special place in the lowest part of hell for
translators. Some of the most famous names in
literature have attempted a Divine Comedy for
their time, and with the most famously awful
results. His terze rima, or three-fold rhyme scheme,
has tied numerous poets in English into such knots
that on occasions Dante's rhyme scheme is all that
remains of the original.
But as Virgil says to the Poet, ' Let us not talk of
them, but with a glance pass on.' This translation
was made with the listener in mind. Here, couplets
and terza rima have been rejected for the clarity of
blank verse. And while the purist's lip may curl,
Dante's sometimes convoluted sentence structure
has been occasionally straightened for ease of
It may be assumed that for many of Dante's
contemporaries, The Divine Comedy will have
been an aural experience. It is this pleasure of his
epic as a story rather than as a classic text that this
translation seeks to recapture. Conjured by the
listener's own imagination 600 years on, Hell has
lost none of its terror nor Paradise its ecstasy.
Note by Benedict Flynn
In addition to translating The Divine Comedy,
Benedict Flynn has re-told the myths of The Tale
of Troy, The Adventures of Odysseus, King
Arthur and Robin Hood for younger listeners and
edited the anthology Poems of the Orient—all
for Naxos AudioBooks.
The music on this recording is taken from the NAXOS catalogue
Salve Festa Dies
In Dulcio, Alberto Turco
MACHAUT Requiem Mass
Oxford Camerata, Jerenly Summerley
ANON Black Madonna
Ensemble Unicorn
Music programming by Roger Marsh
Last Albums Viewed
DANTE: Divine Comedy (The) - 2. Purgatory (Unabrid...


text:
Originally written on Pro Boxing Fans | Last updated 11/10/14
Due to a broken right thumb suffered by Johnathon Banks during training, his fight against Seth Mitchell, scheduled as the co-main event of the February 16 HBO World Championship Boxing telecast, has been postponed. A new date for the bout is currently being scheduled and will be announced shortly. The February 16 event at Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City will still take place as scheduled. That's too bad about Banks vs. Mitchell, and really, Broner vs. Rees wasn't actually a huge type of headline fight to begin with. So this will certainly have an impact on the crowd as well as the quality of the HBO card, which now just looks to be the one ho-hum fight with Adrien Broner against somebody he's really expected to cruise against. Hopefully we'll see the rematch between Banks and Mitchell sooner than later. Broner vs. Rees, a 12-round fight for Broner's WBC Lightweight World Championship will take place Saturday, February 16 at Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey. The event ...
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Schuberth Helmets for ADVRiders
View Single Post
Rich Lew
Joined: May 2012
Oddometer: 2
Cheap hack to keep the faceshield propped open at speed
Originally Posted by
Rich Lew
I have this same problem with my C3. Someone who wrote a review for the C3 helmet on Revzilla suggested putting a furniture slider, which is a soft felt disc, over the faceshield hinge bolt inside the round recess. This apparently would create additional tension against the faceshield and make it harder for the wind to push the faceshield down to the closed position. I am going to try this out and report back, starting by putting one on the left side of the helmet. If you want to see a picture of the furniture slider, google "Waxman Furniture Slider".
I tried this cheap hack and it worked. I bought the furniture sliders and built up a few layers until there was enough tension against the faceshield. Now it does stay open in the first and second positions even at highway speeds. Here is a picture of the felt pads with the faceshield removed.
Rich Lew
View Public Profile
Find More Posts by Rich Lew


text:
A police constable was today seriously injured after being shot at by some unidentified persons in Bahriyabad area here, police said.
The incident took place when constable Dharmendra and two others colleagues had encounter with the miscreants, who opened fire at them.
Dharmendra was injured in the incident while the miscreants managed to flee the spot, they said.
A probe has been started into the matter, they said.


text:
Torrey Smith
Video Results
WPL: Torrey Smith talks with the WPL crew-5/11
Psychologically to read this. With the fiftieth pick anything that can. Eleven NFL draft and Baltimore Ravens select and Torrey Smith wide receiver yeah. I wanna take too much credit. But that's it worked out did you get any feeling or Reagan or
Torrey Smith , Kirk Cousins, Ryan Kerrigan on UMD's new conference
CSN Washington dot com. That certain players but do you not think that where it. In whereas turns the cows away goes place of business and you have to do is best and obviously financially we haven't been. You know where we should be what you have winning so people have an income. This really losing
Remembering 2012: Torrey Smith triumphant after tragedy
She is in Washington dot com is. Just the emotion. That night before it to learn that younger brother. Helped raise. Died in the motorcycle accident and still have. Kind of wherewithal to still go out there performing now. But perform at the highest look. You have to tip your hat to Torre is she is
Tyrod Taylor and Torrey Smith : after years of ACC rivalry, the two join forces-6/3
CSN Washington dot com. Departure of wide receiver and former Hokies quarterback last met in college park at 2009. When Virginia Tech beat Maryland 36 tonight. That was then him that the now. toward the Hornets are there. There are lucky fan in London UK different I'm always wanted to play with a
Josh Morgan takes part in Baysox charity
warrior amputees softball team inaugural event co hosted Pirates and Josh Morgan eagles' DeSean Jackson. Also their Torrey Smith Fred Davis and early young among others perceive that it that it disappointed. Warrior project the yellow on and player
Deep thoughts: Long ball could carry Ravens to win
NEW ORLEANS (AP) Fear the dreadlocks, San Francisco. Torrey Smith just might be the difference in a Super Bowl that will hinge on the 49ers' ability to prevent the Baltimore Ravens from scoring
Talented Mr. Roto,'' said there will be some interesting players on the field from a fantasy perspective, including 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick, Baltimore wide receiver Torrey Smith and San Francisco wide receiver Michael Crabtree.
Wizards-Raptors highlights
Csnwashington.com. Torrey Smith answers that question of what players do in the off season after winning the Super Bowl. Why not attendance game the game clock
Redskins Nation: Tarik El Bashir has his Super Bowl pick
right into the sunset with a championship like I love seeing that and for the you'll do it for him you know and and Torrey Smith all the he's been through like them alive yeah fantastic player I love the way he handled himself the confidence to
Washington and Baltimore: A tale of two sports cities
bed during United's. I was a big coach fan back then. I have a big RG three and Redskins fans. Ravens receiver Torrey Smith grew up in Virginia. Wasn't a Redskins fan but several members of that extended family all about and I've got a
SportsTalk Live: Winning third down is key for Redskins
s got a gun Ohio so many. Quote experts talk about Flacco mango wood is what do you not like. A guy's got a gun Torrey Smith is a big time prime time receiver. They seem to have a lot going all love him on the back side. How would Boldin I
Skins-Ravens 411 presented by AAA: Who has a better future?
good it's two really good rookies you have to look at the Ravens in their skill positions. They have a young players Torrey Smith the receiver second year Joseph Flacco Ray Rice fifty year even on the defensive side of the ball you got to know Jameel
Fantasy Island with Gene Wang: RG3 and Ray Rice stock
quarterback. I think this is the year moves into the top ten because we really like Torrey Smith as a deep threat. He's got more comfortable with Torrey Smith and dorsett become frankly a better route runner. And and he's become a better pass
Prospect Meggett is focused on the NFL draft
can do is relax take your time just you know. Be yourself and is being prepared for anything. What about guys like Torrey Smith former University of Maryland player I have to have they've reached out to you Almost spoke Torre. A multiple occasions
Former Terp Da'rel Scott on his rookie appearance in the Super Bowl-2/2
in and now. It's on these tendencies points like anybody estimate please take anybody. Can't this let me terps Torrey Smith obviously had a great season yeah I mean he had a great season definitely was the best hormone. that laws passed me
Lunchbox Live - 10/18
point about completion percentage and just not the numbers that we're used to. Chemistry is an issue in dealing in Torrey Smith a rookie no offseason and an rookie no offseason upon Brooking offseason. Those that are beyond Anquan Bolden then
Redskins Reset: Ryan O'Halloran and Rich Tandler look foward to the Rams and discuss D Hall--9/29
regressing to the free rookie form almost I mean you just. This isn't getting where the defense isn't stopping anybody Torrey Smith . It was a heck of a debut as a starter history catch in three long touchdown bombs 444. Baltimore yes and I'm sure
Ivan Carter talks NFL 'Fantasy or Reality' with Charley Casserly-9/27
But they targeted at St. Louis Rams quarterbacks. They gates there it went right out and the ball on the money. Torrey Smith gives them a dimension they haven't had since Patrick Johnson speed. Open up for everybody else so people on the
GEICO SportsNet Central Update with Brent Harris-9/27
Boy to our nation needed a little pick me up after Saturdays loss to temple they got that Sunday from former turf. Torrey Smith the rookie from Maryland a huge the Ravens its first three NFL catches all touchdowns. And for his former teammates
Lunchbox Live-8/10
Like the running game. And their defense table all right that's gonna carry over the in the Flacco play action and Torrey Smith comes along along the years. And that has had a aware of what sort of position I'll keep an eye on that as far as
WPL: Ivan Carter 1-on-1 with Randy Edsall-5/26
season as a receiver division. You don't you don't wanna recruit guys like me. You'll find you're far more Torrey Smith that's good stuff thanks guys for Obama told me about that I was good time I love football on in this one thing that
WPL: Breaking down Day 2 of the Redskins draft-4/29
lot of guys you know. You know. That is being hit a lot of guys don't things in front you know they had to look at Torrey Smith to go to the Ravens the other asked what's your favorite NFL uniform. Like the rays the good anywhere and it's
Lunchbox Live: WMUC in the house! -4/28
And what Maryland players should we be looking out for. Yeah I mean there are several but obviously the big one as Torrey Smith the wide receiver. And I guess a lot of people right now not really sure where he's gonna go. He's been on Twitter
WPL Extra: Maryland Receiver Torrey Smith -4/26
CS in Washington dot com. Argument to drive like Troy Smith won the is gonna wind up. How would your gut telling you had any idea what you're going to be when your name gets called. want only benefiting probably NFL I'm now. That's the best part of it there's this was the greatest trip challenge in


text:
This profile was last updated on 7/28/14 and contains contributions from the ZoomInfo community.
Leigh TyrerWrong Leigh Tyrer?
Global Online Capability Leader
Phone: +44 **********Email: l***@***.com
Local Address: United Kingdom
Merck & Co. , Inc.
One Merck Dr Po Box 100 Ws3Ab-05
Whitehouse Station , New Jersey 08889
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Pro2015_Iteration4_1.9[03] SEIDXWK-21


text:
Get a feel for Florida at Orlando History Center
Published: Sunday, August 5, 2007 at 6:30 a.m.
Last Modified: Saturday, August 4, 2007 at 8:30 a.m.
DESTINATION: The History Center, 65 E. Central Blvd., Orlando
DISTANCE FROM OCALA: 82 miles
APPROXIMATE TRAVEL TIME: 1 hour, 20 minutes
HOW TO GET THERE: (by MapQuest) I-75 south to Wildwood (21 miles) and merge onto Florida's Turnpike on the left (toward Orlando - toll road) 42 miles.
Take SR-408 (toll road) via exit 265 toward Orlando/Titusville.
Merge onto State Road 408 E (nine miles) Take exit 10B toward S.R.-527/Orange Ave. (0.2 miles).
Turn right onto S. Lucern Circle E (0.1 mile).
Turn right onto S. Orange Ave. and continue for 0.6 miles.
Turn left onto E. Central Blvd. (0.1 mile)
End at 65 E. Central Blvd. WHO WOULD ENJOY THIS DESTINATION: Floridians, those who enjoy history
WHAT TO SEE: Five stories of exhibits, featuring the permanent showcases of the area and a variety of traveling exhibitions
WHAT'S UNIQUE: Restored in a 1927 courthouse, the refurbished courtroom is impressive
HOURS: 10 am. - 5 p.m. Monday - Saturday, and noon - 5 p.m. Sunday NOTE: It will be closed Aug. 11.
PRICES: $7 for adults, $3.50 for children ages 3 - 12; $6.50 for students and seniors ages 60 and older.
FOR MORE INFORMATION: Call (407) 836-8500 or (800) 965-2030 or online at www.thehistorycenter.org
Outside of the courthouse is Heritage Square, with fountains and sculptures including some of the state's favorite reptiles - alligators. A colorful sculpture that stands a couple of stories high is a fold-out postcard set, reminiscent of Florida's early tourism years.
Once inside the courthouse, there begins the journey of 12,000 years ago of history from early Indian settlements to today's bustling metropolis. The strong agricultural identity of Florida is showcased along with other industries that made the state unique in the South. Cattle ranching and of course, orange groves are still a part of Florida today, although not nearly in the same capacity as in the past.
To that end, one of the museum's limited-run exhibits starts today - "Florida Citrus Labels: Crate Appeal." On loan from "our friends at Dr. Phillips, Inc.," according to Sherry Lewis of the museum, the exhibit runs through Oct. 7 and features 50 original rare citrus labels from across the state from the early 1920s through the mid 1960s.
"It really is a neat thing, and very interesting," said Lewis, who handles media relations for the History Center. Recognized for its historic and artistic value, the colorful and vibrant fruit crate art provides insight into the heyday of Florida's citrus industry. The exhibition also features a rare, complete set of hand-painted artist concepts, originally created for a packer's approval before labels were printed. The bold designs document the talent and imagination of artists and lithographers who produced the innovative art more than a half-century ago. And if the sight isn't enough for the senses, the smell of orange blossoms - something that pretty much vanished some time ago from Orlando - will be piped in for visitors to enjoy.
"We're really excited about that," Lewis said, laughing.
The History Center received Smithsonian affiliate status in 2006. On Aug. 24 - Nov. 28, the Smithsonian traveling exhibit "The Art of the Stamp" will be at the center. Featuring 100 works of art created by 52 professional illustrators and designers, the exhibition displays the evolution of these works, from pencil sketches to final masterpieces. Highlights include preliminary designs for the Elvis Presley stamp - the most popular stamp of all time - and two original Norman Rockwell works.
On a limited, three-day engagement, the center will host, "Diana: A Glimpse of Elegance" Aug. 17-19. The exhibit features two of Diana's most famous designer gowns worn at state functions as Princess of Wales and will also include memorabilia about her life. There is an additional fee for that exhibit.
In addition to exhibits, there are other special events taking place such as "Pinder's Kids," an original play inspired by the Civil Rights movement and "Lies My Teacher Told Me," a discussion on American textbooks and whether they truly reflect the country's history. And there are kids' events and camps taking place throughout the year.
It's a little bit of everything, including the permanent exhibits. From replica rooms in early cabins to a replica World War II B-17 bomber. The refurbished 1927 courtroom brings memories to some and the wonder of what cases were heard in the grand old room to others.
The five stories take some time to see, but they are worth a morning or afternoon. A gift shop provides some interesting items to consider, some of them upscale. A walk around the downtown will find some outdoor cafes and smaller restaurants, although they may have limited hours on weekends.
The History Center is interesting, whether you're from Florida or elsewhere. And it's a good bet either way you'll be surprised at some of the things you'll find.
Carole C. Savage is a freelance journalist and the owner of a public relations firm in Ocala.
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.
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text:
Brian Benedict wanted to kill himself.
He encouraged his 4-year-old son to dive off a 10-foot diving board, kept a gun in his apartment, and his bathroom teemed with bacteria.
His son, Aiden, was returned to his mother after visits with dirty clothes and scraped knees.
Benedict let Aiden play unsupervised outside his apartment, and let him ride short distances in the car without being strapped into a car seat.
These slings and arrows came one after another at a custody hearing Sept. 10, as Benedict's estranged wife, Bekki Clarke, tried to prove that he was an unfit parent – and also to convince the judge to increase his child support obligation.
Three days after the hearing, prosecutors say, Benedict shot Clarke to death outside his apartment at UC Irvine during a custody exchange.
What drove Benedict to allegedly kill Clarke remains a mystery, but the afternoon-long hearing in family law court in Orange hints at possible triggers, according to a transcript obtained by The Orange County Register.
At one point in the proceedings, Benedict was asked by the judge if he knew how to use a coin-laundry machine.
He was asked to explain his desire to go to back to graduate school to pursue his lifelong dream of being a physics researcher instead of earning an $80,000-plus salary.
He was asked to defend the cleanliness of his bathroom, and, when the hearing was over, he was left with having to figure out how to afford a doubling of his child support.
Clarke had a lawyer representing her before Judge Nancy A. Pollard. Benedict represented himself.
At times, Benedict fired back defensively at accusations; at other times, he tripped up on the finer points of the law.
At one point, Benedict accused Clarke of letting their son ride a bike without a helmet, but he wasn't able to introduce an e-mail to prove his allegations that she was rude -- even unstable.
Pollard rebuffed him repeatedly.
"If you are rude," she said, referring to Clarke, "that has nothing to do with what this Court is concerned about."
Benedict, during one exchange, brought up Clarke's relationship with her boyfriend.
"Personally, you know, this lady could be sleeping with every sailor in the Seventh Fleet," Pollard said. "The Court doesn't care."
While Benedict was questioning Clarke, the judge had to interrupt him several times.
"This kind of cross-examination is not relevant," Pollard interjected at one point. "Whether (the son) knows his boundaries or not, pedophiles don't have boundaries. And you don't leave a 4-year-old out anywhere without keeping a constant eye."


text:
1963 Ford Falcon Convertible just in time for spring. Low mileage rust free southern car. Let the new power top down and enjoy the ride in... More
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1963 Ford Falcon Futura, good solid body, nice redone int, 6 cyl, auto, cold a/c, great driver, 90,xxx miles, runs good.... More
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While ponycar prices continue to skyrocket, many classic car buffs are turning to a great affordable alternative for their classic needs: The Ford Falcon.... More
The Ford Falcon was the precursor to the record-sales breaking Ford Mustang. On occasion, the Falcon has even been referred to as the "Father of... More


text:
The Source of My Strength : Are you lonely? Do you feel restless and frustrated? Is anxiety eating away your joy or insecurity threatening your peace of mind? These problems may be symptoms of emotional wounds that need the healing touch of Jesus. The Source of My Strength is a moving and personal look at the power of Christ to comfort those who hurt and to free those who are oppressed. Sharing his own journey through emotional pain, Dr. Charles Stanley offers biblical principles that help you: Overcome pain, insecurity, frustration, loneliness, and alienation. Understand how emotional burdens constrict and confine your choices in life. Confront painful memories of the past. Find healing and hope in the promises of God. If you long to live fully and freely every day, this practical guide can help you discover your liberty in Christ.
|Religión y Espiritualidad
|Libros Cristianos


text:
Mon-Fri: 7am-1am EST / Sat-Sun: 7am-11pm EST
ApplianceMagic Chef Washer
Level of DifficultyReally easy
Time to do repair15 - 30 mins
Age of Appliance1 - 4 years
PliersNutdriverScrew drivers
2 out of 3 people found this instruction helpful
Removed the front panel to get some light in to the machine. Removed the two hoses connecting the pump to the drain and tub. Removed the three screws holding the old pump in place. Did the reverse to install.This was a piece of cake. Thanks for having the parts needed to do this job.Tom
Help other customers find the most helpful instructions.
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Part Number: PS2347187
All brand logos are trademarks of their respective owners.
The PartSelect logo is a Registered Trademark of Atlantic Laundry Centres, Ltd.
Copyright © 1999-2015 , Eldis Group Partnership. All rights reserved.


text:
Cheap YHU to Maracaibo flights
Popular Flights from Montreal, Quebec
Top Montreal Flights to US Destinations
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Popular Flights from Maracaibo, Venezuela
Top Maracaibo Flights to US Destinations
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YHU to MAR Route Map
Montreal to Maracaibo Flights, Stats and Airplanes
Route information for flights from St. Hubert to La Chinita Intl..
2,417.40 miles
MAR - La Chinita Intl. Airlines
Browse the most popular airlines servicing the Maracaibo (MAR) airport. Visit their flights pages to learn more about the most popular routes these carriers fly.


text:
DNA methylation differences at growth related genes correlate with birth weight: a molecular signature linked to developmental origins of adult disease?
- Equal contributors
1 Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
2 Center for Information Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
3 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
4 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
BMC Medical Genomics 2012, 5:10 doi:10.1186/1755-8794-5-10Published: 12 April 2012
Infant birth weight is a complex quantitative trait associated with both neonatal and long-term health outcomes. Numerous studies have been published in which candidate genes (IGF1, IGF2, IGF2R, IGF binding proteins, PHLDA2 and PLAGL1) have been associated with birth weight, but these studies are difficult to reproduce in man and large cohort studies are needed due to the large inter individual variance in transcription levels. Also, very little of the trait variance is explained. We decided to identify additional candidates without regard for what is known about the genes. We hypothesize that DNA methylation differences between individuals can serve as markers of gene "expression potential" at growth related genes throughout development and that these differences may correlate with birth weight better than single time point measures of gene expression.
We performed DNA methylation and transcript profiling on cord blood and placenta from newborns. We then used novel computational approaches to identify genes correlated with birth weight.
We identified 23 genes whose methylation levels explain 70-87% of the variance in birth weight. Six of these (ANGPT4, APOE, CDK2, GRB10, OSBPL5 and REG1B) are associated with growth phenotypes in human or mouse models. Gene expression profiling explained a much smaller fraction of variance in birth weight than did DNA methylation. We further show that two genes, the transcriptional repressor MSX1 and the growth factor receptor adaptor protein GRB10, are correlated with transcriptional control of at least seven genes reported to be involved in fetal or placental growth, suggesting that we have identified important networks in growth control. GRB10 methylation is also correlated with genes involved in reactive oxygen species signaling, stress signaling and oxygen sensing and more recent data implicate GRB10 in insulin signaling.
Single time point measurements of gene expression may reflect many factors unrelated to birth weight, while inter-individual differences in DNA methylation may represent a "molecular fossil record" of differences in birth weight-related gene expression. Finding these "unexpected" pathways may tell us something about the long-term association between low birth weight and adult disease, as well as which genes may be susceptible to environmental effects. These findings increase our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in human development and disease progression.


text:
Consumers will taste-test the best of what Bertolli Olive Oil has to offer in the form of mobile content, featuring mouthwatering recipes and bite-size videos starring Chef Fabio Viviani. Building on the success of their first mobile marketing campaign partnership that utilized SmartSource with NFC, News America Marketing and Thinaire are helping Bertolli once again serve rich interactive content directly to consumers in the shopping aisle.
As shoppers visit the olive oil aisle, a tap of their NFC-enabled mobile devices to specially tagged SmartSource ShelfTalk signs will instantly bring them to "This Week's Recipe" from Bertolli. The recipe includes a shopping list that details all the necessary ingredients for a delicious meal so everything can be purchased during a single store visit. Additional content includes videos starring Chef Viviani which range from how to prepare this week's recipe to an educational "Olive Oil 101," discussing specific uses for Bertolli Extra Virgin, Classico and Extra Light blends.
"Mobile marketing allows us to engage with shoppers on-the-go by helping them plan their next meal directly at the point-of-purchase," said Maggie Rogers, Brand Director, Bertolli Olive Oil. "We're looking forward to continuing our collaboration with News America Marketing and Thinaire to create additional campaigns that simplify and streamline the consumer's shopping experience while incorporating an element of entertainment."
"SmartSource with NFC is helping brands like Bertolli capture consumer imaginations while delivering information," said Mark Goodstadt, CEO of Thinaire. "In addition to offering rich content, campaigns like this help brands like Bertolli analyze point-of-purchase information to better understand the ongoing evolution of shopper behavior."
"Seeing a leading brand like Bertolli add a mobile element to its marketing strategy is a testament to the results mobile marketing engagement can deliver," said Marty Garofalo, President, News America Marketing. "These types of on-the-go messages bring together brands and consumers wherever they are, personalizing the shopping experience and delivering a meaningful connection."
By Lorrie Baumann
As Anthony Bourdain and Andrew Zimmern are fond of pointing out to their television audiences, you can learn a lot about a society by tasting its food. Case in point: the Orthodox Jewish community in the Crown Heights neighborhood of Brooklyn, N.Y. If you find yourself in Crown Heights, or even if you are just wondering about kosher food, Benz's Food Products will be happy to serve up an education in what it means to be both "kosher" and "gourmet."
Benz's Gourmet, the brick and mortar shop that is the retail face of the family-owned kosher grocer, opened 11 years ago in Crown Heights, a neighborhood that has since become known as a case study in gentrification. As rising real estate prices have forced middle class families out of Manhattan, they have fled in large numbers to Brooklyn neighborhoods served by an efficient public transportation system that provides easy access to the island. The population shift has generated the concerns and conflicts characteristic of any rapid cultural change.
For Benz's Gourmet, the changes in the neighborhood have created an opportunity to serve both the neighborhood's native Orthodox Jewish residents and ex-Manhattanites with gourmet foods that meet the strictest of kosher requirements but also the educated tastes of adventurous eaters. Aside from a few staples that are carried as convenience items, every item in Benz's Gourmet must pass both tests: it must meet the strictest of kosher standards, and it must be a gourmet product.
"If you're looking for a gourmet dulce de leche that's strictly kosher, you come to Benz's. If you're looking for a kosher goat yogurt, Benz's carries it. If you're looking for truffles, Benz's carries it. We also offer a large assortment of imported cheeses, imported olives and beers. Of course, all strictly kosher," said Dobi Raskin, the daughter in the family that owns and operates Benz's. Dobi does some of pretty much everything that has to be done in the store and the wholesale operation that stands behind it. "Just because you're kosher and Orthodox doesn't mean you don't want a truffle mac and cheese. Just because you keep kosher shouldn't mean that you don't get to taste the finer things in life."
The business was started in 1976 by Dobi Raskin's father, Benz Raskin. Benz is still active in the business along with Dobi's mother and her three brothers.
Benz started out making classic frozen gefilte fish logs, distinguished from competing products by the high quality of a product made with only fresh fish and fresh produce when other companies were making it with frozen fish. "We started really small, making small batches," Dobi says. At first, the product was sold only to local families, with Benz delivering it himself in a little red pickup truck. "We're in Brooklyn, the home of many Orthodox Jews," Dobi says. "We ourselves are Orthodox Jews."
As the Benz's gefilte fish became more popular, Benz started selling it wholesale to institutional buyers serving the Orthodox community. He then began adding more groceries to his product line. Today, the business sells groceries through the Internet as well as in a brick-and-mortar store, and the company's patriarch has become a mascot for the neighborhood. The shop is only about 20 feet by 100 feet, so it's not hard to find him when he is there. "Our hearts are bigger than our store," Dobi says. "He's sort of an icon. People come in just to say hello to him. He loves it."
Benz started the business because he saw that the people in his neighborhood were becoming more interested in some of the gourmet food products that they were hearing about from the Food Network and other influences. They wanted to try the new specialty foods, but they were not interested in abandoning religious requirements for how food is to be raised, processed and served. "That's where Benz saw the need," Dobi says. "It requires a lot more research and care to make sure that the products are up to the kosher standards of the community, since there are many different kosher certifications. If there's a product with a kosher certification you don't recognize, you have to do due diligence to make sure that it's something we can carry … Just because something has a symbol doesn't mean that it's going to fly with us."
Benz's now carries a wide variety of refrigerated and frozen products, dry products and other specialty groceries, all with the endorsement of rabbinic authorities that it has been produced according to strict kosher law. Dobi does a great deal of the research herself to be sure that each product meets the company's standards. "It's quite astonishing how much time it takes to establish that a product is kosher, and if so, under which certification," she says. "That's what makes us unique, that we take the time."
When customers ask for an item that's not in the shop's stock, Dobi seeks out suppliers who can provide a kosher gourmet product. "If you're looking for strictly kosher goat yogurt, Benz's will find it and bring it in. If it's a popular item, it becomes a regular. We'll stock it," she says. "If it's available on the market, we'll try to bring it in for you."
Finding a gourmet item with the proper kosher certification can be a challenge, and Dobi is particularly proud that she was able to find truffle products in response to a customer request. She now gets them from an Israeli company that sources them in Europe, and Benz's now offers minced truffles, truffle sea salt and even truffle oil. "We were able to bring in the product line. That was a good one," Dobi says. "You keep the customer happy. They keep you happy. It's a nice cycle."
In their eagerness to try new gourmet products, Benz's customers have not forgotten the traditional foods they grew up with. The company still sells its classic frozen gefilte fish logs and still takes great pride in offering a gourmet product that meets customers' dietary needs. "The fresh fish and fresh produce that goes into the product put it a step above its competitors, Dobi says. "Just because we eat gefilte fish doesn't mean it has to taste like cardboard."
Benz's also imports trays of herring from Europe and offers them both in the tray and in almost 30 different preparations that combine the herring with ingredients like wasabi, scallions, jalapeños and habanero peppers. Some customers like to buy the herring already prepared, and some like to buy the plain filets and take them home to experiment with new flavor combinations. Either way, Benz's is ready to serve.
"Our herring filets are probably the best on the market. The quality just can't be beat. It's just nice, buttery, good texture," Dobi says. The herring filets are, like Dobi herself, named after Benz's mother, so customers come into the shop and ask for Dobis. "I'm pretty famous now, I guess," she says.
The Dobi case is a popular gathering spot for the community as they come into the store to shop for Sabbath meals, and the various preparations for the herring have become a running topic of discussion among the Orthodox community, where you can often tell which synagogue an individual attended last week by what kind of herring they're talking about, Dobi says.
"People are expanding their horizons. The market is so vast and there are so many options that people are able to eat a gourmet diet and still adhere to the strict kosher requirements," says Dobi. "There's a young community here that's blossoming that wants the better things in life, and we appreciate that we're able to offer it to them."
Two Lucini® extra virgin olive oils were awarded gold medals at the second annual New York International Olive Oil Competition. Lucini Premium Select Extra Virgin Olive Oil® and Founders Reserve Premium Select Extra Virgin Olive Oil® were honored in the medium intensity and robust intensity categories respectively.
Considered to be one of the most elite olive oil competitions in the world, the NYIOOC boasted 651 extra virgin olive oils from 25 countries worldwide. The oils were rated by an international expert panel of esteemed judges in a double blind tasting who rated each oil's fruitiness, pungency and bitterness while noting any defects that are not allowed in extra virgin olive oil by law.
The judges noted the "exceptional harmony" and "high complexity" of both Lucini oils, highlighting their aromatic and taste profiles. "We are extremely honored and proud of this recognition," said David Neuman, President of Lucini Italia. "This is a testament to our mission that began over 17 years ago; producing only the best extra virgin olive oil and making it accessible to the American consumer. "
Harvested near Bolgheri, Tuscany in early November to preserve the full flavor and peak health properties, the 100 percent handpicked olives used in Lucini Premium Select Extra Virgin Olive Oil are handpicked and crushed within 24 hours. Renowned for its Tuscan taste profile, the oil is full-bodied and green, with hints of apple, herbs, almond and a peppery finish. A consumer and celebrity chef favorite, it is the best-selling extra virgin olive oil over $10 in the United States.
Founders Reserve Premium Select Extra Virgin Olive Oil originates in Montenero d'Orcia, Tuscany, at the estate of the renowned and award-winning Frantoio Franci. Two estate-grown olive varieties, Frantoio and Olivastra Seggianese, are picked by hand and pressed within twelve hours, capturing the coveted flavor only found in the best, fresh olive fruit. The oil is abundantly green in both aroma and taste, with notes of spice and cinnamon and a strong peppery finish. Less than 5,000 bottles were produced of this very special oil.
This is the second NYIOOC win for Lucini. Lucini Limited Reserve® Premium Select Extra Virgin Olive Oil® received a gold medal in the 2013 competition. For more information on the New York International Olive Oil Competition visit http://www.bestoliveoils.com/.
Oregon Olive Mill, premier purveyor of Extra Virgin Olive Oil and home to the only estate olioteca in the Pacific Northwest, is proud to announce record sales in 2013 and plans for continued development of its extra virgin olive oil operation. New initiatives include Frantoio, a just released extra virgin olive oil, development of the first annual conference on cool climate fine olive growing to be held April 26 and 27, and a re-envisioned oil tasting experience launching this summer.
According to Oregon Olive Mill Master Miller and fourth generation farmer, Paul Durant, "We saw unprecedented demand last year and sold out of our oils earlier than ever before. Our new initiatives support my family's larger vision, which is to propel extra virgin olive oil to its rightful place in the North American food scene. Extra virgin olive oil can elevate cuisine in an almost ethereal manner; yet it remains largely under appreciated by the average American consumer."
Frantoio, the new single Italian varietal, joins a portfolio of three extra virgin olive oils — Tuscan, Arbequina and Koroneiki. Durant sources olives from his family's 17-acre grove and prime sites in northern California, then mills and bottles them at the property's estate olioteca. The oils are sold online at www.redridgefarms.com and at Red Ridge Farms for $18.95 per 375 ml bottle; additional sizes and gourmet gift boxes are also available.
The first annual Pacific Northwest Cool Climate Extra Virgin Olive Oil Conference will be held at Oregon Olive Mill on Saturday and Sunday, April 26 and 27. The weekend will feature a technically focused program on Saturday including sessions on agronomy, cool climate varieties, a round table discussion on cultivating quality and more. The Sunday sessions, aimed at a broader audience, will explore creating an olive oil culture in the Pacific Northwest, extra virgin olive oil origin and labeling, and tasting and sensory analysis.
The addition of herbs and spices to oils for dipping and adding to recipes is an idea that has been around for a while. There was a period when everyone had a decorative bottle of oil jam-packed with various herbs and spices in their kitchen window. These were more often for decoration, as the flavors were hit and miss at best.
"Today's quality infused oils bring a whole new dimension to the taste. Of course they are attractive; we even add some extra herbs just for the look, but the big news is the incredible pure taste." says Mike Tott, President of Gourmet du Village.
Perfect served for dipping with some crusty artisan bread, perfect to use as a flavor to add to your home cooking, these infused oils from Gourmet du Village are available in 280-ml bottles in three distinct flavor profiles: Spiced Chili Pepper, Parmesan Pesto and Rosemary Garlic.
This new product along with the entire new collection of gourmet gifts from Gourmet du Village can be seen at the company's showrooms in Dallas, Atlanta, and Philadelphia.
For more information, visit www.gourmetduvillage.com.
The current olive shortage caused by poor climatic conditions in Spain,Greece, and Southern Europe means an uptick in business for at least one Northern California olive grower and processor. West Coast Products produces natural brine-cured jumbo olives, which compete with chemically cured, lye treated olives from the Mediterranean region. The ongoing international olive shortage sheds new light on this niche market.
More and more buyers, reacting to the international crop shortage, are awakening to the differences between naturally curedCalifornia olives and the imports. "Buyers are calling and telling us they never knew imported green olives were cured with lye," said Dan Vecere, General Manager, West Coast Products – Olinda Brand.
European farmers state that their 2013 olive crop yields fell more than 70 percent, especially for the queen size olives with market condition reports projecting 2014 prices will increase more than 50 percent. The Olinda Brand olives are Sevillano, one of the largest green specialty varieties sometimes called the "Spanish Queen," and they are abundant in California this season and available to both domestic and foreign markets.
Until the international shortage occurred, according to Vecere and Olinda Brand Sales Manager Mark DeCamilla, the importers had been setting both product price and grade. "That's changing," said DeCamilla. "End users, such as chefs and bartenders, are taking notice that our California olives have a firmer texture and a fresher taste than the industrially cured imported olives."
The Olinda Brand tradition of olive growing and production in California spans more than 75 years.
About West Coast Products and the Olinda Brand
Since 1937, West Coast Products of Northern California has provided professional and home kitchens with specialty olives and olive oils under the Olinda Brand. The company's commitment to natural, fresh, and in-season premium private-label table olives and private-label olive oils meets the highest standards of California state certification, which ensures top quality olive products.
Stöger Seed Oil is adding Organic Hazelnut Oil to a line that already includes the sofi Award-winning Cherry Seed Oil, Scovie Award-winning Chile Seed Oil, Pumpkin Seed Oil and Tomato Seed Oil.
The Organic Hazelnut Oil will reach the market in February for a suggested retail price of $12.99 for a 3.38 fluid ounce bottle.
For more information, call 978.621.9494 or email firstname.lastname@example.com.
Bakery Emulsions from LorAnn Oils substitute 1:1 for flavor extracts in recipes, but they contain no alcohol so the flavor is truer and doesn't bake out. "Use It just like you would an extract," says LorAnn Oils CEO John Grettenberger. Sixteen flavors are available in both foodservice (16 fluid ounces, gallons) and consumer (4-ounce) packages. Four new flavors; blueberry, strawberry, cinnamon and pistachio; will be coming out in sprint 2014.
800.862.8620 or 517.882.0215


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HTML onerror: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
A Fist Full of Solutions
While doing my front-end work I'm very keen on using simple markup techniques to solve problems before relying on the likes of Javascript. Don't get me wrong, I gargle MooTools and jQuery every morning to keep my web breath fresh like most developers, but I find it endlessly attractive when an elegant solution can be flossed out using only pure HTML and CSS.
Finding a solution is never a problem, but choosing a solution is often a challenge. Selecting one technique among the wealth of available methods that strikes a balance between the simplicity and elegance of pure HTML and CSS, the flexibility and mysticality of Javascript, and the raw power of PHP is often a feat in and of itself. When I can't go with pure HTML and CSS, I do my best to at least heavily rely on their available features before turning to the usual Javascript frameworks for support.
The Good
I was recently working on a GUI that included user avatar pictures. While the platform itself did not require the user to have a photo, the interface design looked significantly better when there was a graphic present. For this reason I decided to use default avatar images. The idea was to apply the user's provided image URL only if it was valid and alternatively resort to the default image if it wasn't. I wanted to avoid doing any logic-based code if I could, though most of the pure markup techniques I was already aware of — such as using background images — were problematic in one way or other.
That's when I reacquainted myself with the HTML DOM objects. Specifically the HTML DOM event
onerror. The W3Schools website defines
onerror as an event that "is triggered when an error occurs loading a document or an image". This seemed to be the perfect solution to my problem.
In my code, the avatar element is initially loaded with the appropriate default image. The user is given the chance to add in their own image by inputting a URL into a text field. Once the user has submitted their new image URL, the avatar element's
src attribute would be updated via Javascript. Using the
onerror attribute I was able to avoid writing extra logic into the Javascript code itself.
Here's the final markup:

This particular project was already using jQuery so it made sense to take advantage of the
.attr() method. For those of you not using jQuery, here's a native Javascript version of the same markup:

This worked great and helped me to minimize the amount of logic in my Javascript code. It also allowed me to feel confident that the interface design wouldn't end up looking broken in the case that the user entered an invalid image URL. On the surface, 'onerror' seemed to be a clever and useful tool from the HTML DOM events family.
The Bad
Web-standards, semantic markup, security and privacy, and cross-browser-compatibility are very important issues for me to consider in my daily work. When I've finally selected and implemented a solution to a given problem the job is typically far from over. I must then address the above issues and make sure the solution I've chosen isn't sleazy, sneaky, or downright evil. I can't recall the vast number of times the word 'deprecated' has stopped a seemingly good solution in its tracks and forced me to start from square one.
I was not as familiar with the
onerror event as I am with the many other HTML DOM events and I began researching it to see if it was appropriate for use in a live project. What I found out – via this article – did not deter me from using
onerror in this particular context, though it was quite alarming and definitely worth mentioning. It turns out that in a webpage where users are able to post (or otherwise add) their own content the
onerror event can be used in a very exploitative way to hijack the webpage by using the following code:

The above code illustrates how a hijacker can force the page to redirect to a new location using the
onerror event and how the hijacker can be sure this will happen by giving a invalid image URL in the element's
src attribute. Now imagine posting this on someone's blog as a comment (or somehow otherwise injecting it into their webpage's markup). It could do some serious damage and may be hard to locate if the webpage owner isn't aware of what to look for and where. This can be prevented if you are implementing precautinoary security measures such as form validation and input cleansing (ie. the stripping of markup and tags upon submission).
The Ugly
Learning about the potential exploits and malicious uses of code that was originally created with good intent is very important to me, and sometimes the results I find mean ditching the solution and pursuing an alternative technique. While there are exploitative uses of the
onerror event, they weren't going to prevent me from using it in this context. However, I did uncover some more information that made this event a bit trickier to use than I'd initially thought.
I ran a test through the W3C Markup Validation Service and found out that the
onerror event was not a valid attribute for an HTML element (nor an XHTML element). So while the code worked, it was not up to par with today's standards and web practices.
Unfortunately the inelegance of using the
onerror attribute doesn't stop with it's inability to validate. I'm very strict about keeping structure, style, and functionality as separate as possible. This means no inline CSS, and only using inline Javascript when it's absolutely necessary. My original solution not only breaks the W3C's validator and web-standards, but it also breaks my own personal rules about front-end code organization.
The interesting thing here is that on the W3Schools' page
onerror is listed as a valid HTML DOM event, but not an attribute. Which means I should be able to use it as long as it's not added to an element inline. I did a bit more research and – inspired by this article – opted to use Javascript to add the
onerror event to the required elements once the DOM had been fully read. Here's the code:
$( document ).ready( function () { $( '.avatar' ).error( function () { this.src = '/img/avatar.jpg'; } ); } );
And here is the same code beautified (broken apart) so you can clearly see the logic involved:
$( document ).ready
function ()
$( '.avatar' ).error
function ()
this.src = '/img/avatar.jpg';
As you can see, the code waits for the DOM to be ready before binding a function to the
onerror event of any element with the 'avatar' class. This bound function changes the said element's
src attribute if the
onerror event is triggered. Keep in mind that the above example relies on the
.ready() and
.error() methods from the jQuery framework.
For a Few Solutions More
For any problem there are always alternative solutions to be found, one of which is using pure CSS to apply a background image to the avatar element itself. There are three reasons I prefer not to use this method:
- Some browsers will automatically show a small icon to symbolize that the image has not been loaded, which will appear above our background image and probably look pretty slimy.
- Some browsers will automatically display the
altattribute text (which is a required attribute for valid XHTML markup these days) which will similarly appear above our background image and look even more disgruntled.
- CSS style rules for the avatar element in my project specify only a width value, allowing the height of the image to be variable, based on the actual size of the image. I do this so as not to distort the aspect ratio of the original image, yet allow the user to choose an image that is larger (or smaller) than the allowed avatar space. When a valid
srcvalue is not provided and no height is declared there is very good chance most browsers will not show the entire background image.
Given these three reasons, I found it most helpful to go the
onerror route and believe I chosen a particularly applicable solution that satisifes my needs as well as my principles.
Working Example
onerror (HTML attribute)
Check if an image is loaded (no errors) in Javascript
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text: Little Star Hat With Ears by Piccalilly £6$12.02€8.48$9.52 In stock £18.50$37.07€26.15$29.37 delivery to United States - Receive this item 5-10 working days from dispatch International delivery available colourcolour (required)Aruba BlueWild RoseSilver Cloudcolour (required)Aruba BlueWild RoseSilver Cloudcolour (required)Aruba BlueWild RoseSilver Cloudcolour (required)Aruba BlueWild RoseSilver Cloud sizesize (required)Newborn0-3 months0-6 months3-6 months6-12 monthssize (required)Newborn0-3 months0-6 months3-6 months6-12 monthssize (required)Newborn0-3 months0-6 months3-6 months6-12 monthssize (required)Newborn0-3 months0-6 months3-6 months6-12 months gift wrapgift wrap (required)Gift Wrap (+ £3.50)No Thanksgift wrap (required)Gift Wrap (+ $7.01)No Thanksgift wrap (required)Gift Wrap (+ €4.94)No Thanksgift wrap (required)Gift Wrap (+ $5.55)No Thanks quantity by Piccalilly Location: North Yorkshire, GB read seller's profile see seller's complete range more items from this seller Little Star Nightgown £18$36.07€25.45$28.57 Little Star Muslin Swaddle Wrap £12$24.05€16.96$19.05 Rose Little Star Footed Playsuit £20$40.08€28.27$31.75 Silver Little Star Footed Playsuit £20$40.08€28.27$31.75 Blue Little Star Footed Playsuit £20$40.08€28.27$31.75 Organic Cotton Blue Boys Candy Stripe Pyjamas £26$52.11€36.76$41.27 view all you may also like PRODUCT DETAILS DELIVERY RETURNS gift wrapping available eco-friendly ask seller a question We've teamed the cutest hat, with sumptuously soft premium organic cotton - a crowd pleaser that is sure to get the 'aah' factor! Piccalilly love to produce gorgeous looking baby clothes for babies Looks great teamed with our Little Star Nightgown or Playsuit Screen printed by hand using low impact environmentally friendly dyes Why not say something very special by sending this organic and fairly traded hat as a gift. We offer the option to package and present this gift in our eco-friendly and 100% recyclable mail box. We'll wrap it in tissue, seal it with love and a Piccalilly sticker and send it directly to the lucky recipient of your choice. Available in three colourways - Aruba Blue, Wild Rose or Silver Cloud made from: 100% organic cotton sourced through Chetna organic and manufactured to the highest ethical standards. Piccalilly promote loving our planet by washing at 30 degrees however this hat can be machine washed at 40 degrees and tumble dried. dimensions: Available in sizes Newborn, 0-3 months, 0-6 months, 3-6 months, 6-12 months Newborn - head circ. 42.5cm 0-3 months - head circ. 44.5cm 0-6 months - head circ. 45.5cm 3-6 months - head circ. 46.5cm 6-12 months - head circ. 48.5cm product code: 237475 This product is dispatched to you by Piccalilly. MAINLAND UK order now and receive this item on or before price Standard Delivery Wednesday 27 May £2.75$5.51€3.88$4.36 Two Day Delivery Wednesday 27 May £6.70$13.42€9.47$10.63 Express Next Day Tuesday 26 May £7.70$15.43€10.88$12.22 Saturday Delivery Saturday 30 May £15.70$31.46€22.19$24.92 NON-MAINLAND UK estimated delivery price Highlands & Islands of Scotland 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £2.75$5.51€3.88$4.36 Northern Ireland 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £2.75$5.51€3.88$4.36 Other UK Islands 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £4.95$9.92€6.99$7.85 INTERNATIONAL DELIVERY estimated delivery price Western Europe 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £11.50$23.04€16.25$18.25 Rest of Europe 5-10 working daysfrom dispatch £11.50$23.04€16.25$18.25 USA & Canada 5-10 working daysfrom dispatch £18.50$37.07€26.15$29.37 Far East & Australasia 5-10 working daysfrom dispatch £19.50$39.08€27.57$30.95 Rest of the world 5-14 working daysfrom dispatch £19.50$39.08€27.57$30.95 You have 28 days, from receipt of cancellable goods, to notify the seller if you wish to cancel your order or exchange an item. Please note: goods that are personalised, bespoke or made-to-order to your specific requirements, perishable products and personal items sold with a hygiene seal (cosmetics, underwear) in instances where the seal is broken are non-refundable, unless faulty. Read more about our returns policy.Should you choose to return or exchange your order you will need to deliver the item(s) to the UK, where this seller is based. Piccalilly's return policy


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Come join us as we celebrate the the 256th birthday of the beloved Scottish bard Robert Burns this Sunday, January 25th (his actual birthday!) at our Celtic Music Session at the Dog Bar in downtown Gloucester.
I'll be joined by fiddler Adrienne Howard, string player Linda Shields Swicker and whistle player/piper/singer David de la Barre. We'll feature songs and poems of Burns – and other Scottish 'fare' (except haggis!) – bring one to share! 5:30-8:30. No cover.
Dog Bar


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Submetering & Billing for Electric Vehicles
EV Submetering Phase 1 Pilot customer enrollment period has been extended until August 31, 2015.
Good news for electric vehicle (EV) drivers in Southern California: We are rolling out a new pilot program to allow you to install a submeter to measure your car's energy use for billing purposes. These submeters, which you can buy and install yourself or through a 3rd-party vendor, will measure your EV charging electricity usage separately from the energy you use in your home or business. This will enable us to bill you at a separate EV rate for your vehicle, and your current rate for all other usage.
Are You Eligible?
To participate, you'll need to agree to install (or have a 3rd-party vendor install) an eligible submeter to measure only the energy used to charge EVs. This pilot program is available on a first-come, first-served basis to Residential and Commercial/Industrial customers within our service territory. The pilot is limited to a total of 500 submeters. Net Energy Metering (NEM) customers are eligible to participate, but are limited to 20% (100) of the total submeters.
This pilot program begins on September 1, 2014, and ends on August 31, 2016. The customer enrollment period is for the first 12 months of the Phase 1 Pilot, September 1, 2014 – August 31, 2015 or until the maximum of 500 submeters is reached, whichever is earlier (Enrollment Period). Once enrolled in the pilot, you'll be eligible to participate for no more than 12 consecutive billing cycles; however, you may choose to unenroll at any time. Once you unenroll or your participation expires, your EV charging usage will be billed along with all other usage at your current rate.
Enrollment is 4 Steps Away
- To participate in the Pilot you must select and engage a Submeter Meter Data Management Agent (Submeter MDMA) approved by the California Public Utilities Commission listed on this page.
- Complete the Customer Enrollment Agreement with the help of your Submeter MDMA;
- Your Submeter MDMA will submit the agreement to SCE;
- SCE will review and approve your enrollment if you meet all the Pilot requirements. Then, once enrolled in the Pilot, your Submeter MDMA will collect and transmit your submeter usage data to us for billing. You will continue to be responsible for paying your entire monthly bill, including EV charging usage and other charges.
SCE pilot documents are available at California Public Utilities Commission Info & Forms
Contact a Submeter MDMA & Get Started
Electric Motor Werks, Inc.
NRG EV Services LLC
Questions for SCE? Send your email to: email@example.com
Frequently Asked Questions
You are responsible for the installation of your submeter in a timely manner.
- If there is a delay in installing the submeter after your established pilot start date, that time is still counted as part of your maximum 12 billing cycle participation period.
- If any submeter interval data is not received after the start date as a result of a delay in installing the submeter, those intervals will be considered as "zero" by SCE when calculating your primary and EV submeter monthly bills.
Submetering usage will appear on your billing statement but may or may not be visible or accurate on MyAccount, Green Button, or Budget Assistant because the submeter billing usage and cost information is only calculated once per billing cycle.
Yes, if you authorized SCE to send your MDMA a summary of your monthly electric vehicle (EV) bill.
No, if you have not authorized SCE to send your MDMA a summary of your monthly EV bill.
Yes. Your energy usage totals for both the Primary meter and Submeter will appear on a single billing statement over a period of 12 billing cycles. To bill the usage attributed to charging your EV on the appropriate rate schedule, we created a new Service Account # which will be reflected on your new billing statement. At the conclusion of the pilot, we will close the EV Service Account # and resume billing your total usage on your Primary metered account and rate.
If your Submeter MDMA remits payment, on your behalf, for the EV portion of your monthly bill, you are not eligible to participate in the Phase 1 Pilot. In this situation, to participate in the pilot, you must first unenroll from Level Pay Plan before SCE can process your enrollment in the pilot.
If your Submeter MDMA remits payment, on your behalf, for the EV portion of your monthly bill, you are not eligible to participate in the Phase 1 Pilot. In this situation, to participate in the pilot, you must first unenroll from Direct Pay before SCE can process your enrollment in the pilot.
To evaluate your EV Submetering Customer Experience, you may be required to provide access to your home or facility in order for an independent third party evaluator to perform tests on your submeter. Such submeter testing is only required of 5% of participating customers. If your submeter is selected for testing, tests will be arranged at a convenient time, and your Submeter MDMA may be present.


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Cheap DCA to Mountain Village flights
Popular Flights from Washington, DC, District of Columbia
Popular Flights from Mountain Village, Alaska
Top Mountain Village Flights to US Destinations
DCA to MOU Route Map
Washington, DC to Mountain Village Flights, Stats and Airplanes
Route information for flights from Ronald Reagan Washington National to Mountain Village AK.
3,789.64 miles
DCA - Ronald Reagan Washington National Airlines
Browse the most popular airlines servicing the Washington, DC (DCA) airport. Visit their flights pages to learn more about the most popular routes these carriers fly.


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Giancarlo Stanton
Stanton's HR Leaves Stadium; Longest Of The Season [VIDEO]
Giancarlo Stanton hit a mammoth home run that sailed out of Dodger Stadium.
Stanton Can Opt Out Of Deal After $107 Million
Giancarlo Stanton will make just $6.5 million in the first year of his record $325 million, 13-year contract with the Miami Marlins.
AP Source: Stanton Agrees To $325M Deal With Miami
A person familiar with the negotiations says Miami Marlins slugger Giancarlo Stanton has agreed to terms with the team on a $325 million, 13-year contract. It's the most lucrative deal for an American athlete.
Giancarlo Stanton Posts Graphic Photo Of His Face After Bean Ball [PHOTO]
Last week Giancarlo Stanton of the Miami Marlins was beaned in the face by the Brewers Mike Fiers.
Stanton Beaned In The Face By Fiers, Marlins Star Hospitalized [VIDEO]
For the first time in more than two weeks, the Milwaukee Brewers were able to win two games in a row.
National League Mid-Season Team MVPs
Sometimes a team's best players don't make the All-Star team. Here are the National League's mid-season team MVPs.
Fantasy Baseball Preview: Sleepers And Busts
CBS Local Sports breaks down potential sleepers and busts for your fantasy baseball draft.
Miami's Stanton Hits First Spring Home Run Against Tigers
Giancarlo Stanton hit his first home run of spring training for Miami and the Marlins lost to the Tigers 3-1 on Sunday.


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Newell, AJ; Griffin, LD; (2011) Natural image character recognition using oriented basic image features. Proceedings - 2011 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, DICTA 2011 191 - 196. 10.1109/DICTA.2011.39.
Full text not available from this repository.
Whilst effective methods exist for character recognition in certain contexts, such as characters taken from printed or handwritten documents, these methods have not performed well when tested with characters taken from natural images. In this work we introduce oriented Basic Image Features (oBIFs), a system based upon local symmetry and orientation, and demonstrate how they can be used within a mutliscale system for natural image character recognition. The best performing system outperforms previous methods by 8.1% and 1.2% when tested with the two most common datasets. © 2011 IEEE.
|Natural image character recognition using oriented basic image features
|UCL classification:
|UCL > School of BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences > CoMPLEX - Maths and Physics in the Life Sciences and Experimental Biology
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Federal Government declares rights for trans students
Trans students can now claim the power of government support for their right to be accorded respect for their gender identity and to be treated accordingly. Here's the relevant passage from the Department of Education guidelines:
This means that trans students should be allowed to participate in sex-segregated classes, activities, and facilities according to their gender identity. Period.
Thanks to Buzzfeed for their story about this.