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Response to intervention: an opportunity for school counselor leadership.
Response to intervention (RTI) is a relatively new service delivery model of instruction and intervention that is recommended in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA, 2004). According to the National Center on Response to Intervention, RTI integrates assessment and intervention within a multilevel prevention system to maximize student achievement and to reduce behavior problems (Fairbanks, Sugai, Guardino, & Lathrop, 2007; www.rtinetwork.org). Using the RTI framework, schools identify students at risk for poor learning outcomes, monitor student progress, provide evidence-based interventions and adjust the intensity and nature of those interventions depending on a student's responsiveness, and identify students with learning disabilities or other disabilities (Trolley, Haas, & Patti, 2009). School districts are moving to develop and implement RTI programs for their students that complement instructional practices already in place. This article describes how one school developed and implemented an RTI program that has become a model for implementation in the district and is consistent with the American School Counselor Association (ASCA) position that the delivery of a comprehensive school counseling program aligns with the RTI process to improve student achievement and behavior (ASCA, 2008).
Impetus for RTI
RTI was developed out of a concern that the conventional method for identifying students with potential learning disabilities in need of special education services is inadequate (National Joint Committee on Learning Disabilities [NJCLD], 2005). The conventional method involves calculating the discrepancy between children's current ability and achievement levels. Inconsistencies in the way students are evaluated for special education services resulted in discrepant prevalence rates between states and school districts, calling into question the theoretical basis of the ability-achievement discrepancy classification framework and practice of identifying students in need of special education services (Fuchs & Fuchs, 2006). Additionally, schools using the ability-achievement discrepancy model (a) tend to overidentify students for inclusion in special education, especially minority students; (b) take too long to provide appropriate services to students in need, working against early intervention, which has been shown to significantly reduce reading problems in students; and (c) have difficulty determining whether low achievement was a result of an actual learning disability or poor teaching (Fuchs & Fuchs, 2006; NJCLD, 2005).
Several models of RTI exist, but all approaches share the core concepts that all students receive research-based instruction in general education, are screened for academic problems for which they need additional support, and are continuously screened with resulting data used to inform instruction (Howell, Patton, & Deiotte, 2008; NJCLD, 2005). RTI is a multitiered model, typically with three or four tiers characterized by increasingly targeted interventions. Though RTI models vary, they typically include:
1. Tier 1: General Curriculum
a. All students are universally screened
b. Curriculum is research based
c. Ongoing assessment and progress monitoring are used to modify curriculum according to student needs
2. Tier 2: Intervention Curriculum
a. Students whose performance falls behind peers receive increasingly targeted interventions
b. Student progress is closely monitored and intervention is modified according to student needs
c. Parents are consulted and informed of child's response to specific interventions
d. Teachers working in Tier 2 receive training to deliver research based intervention curriculum
3. Tier 3: Intensive Curriculum
a. Students are provided with specialized, individual instruction including more intensive instruction and smaller group size
b. Student progress is monitored daily and intervention is modified according to student needs
c. Service providers, including counseling, physical therapy, speech, and others, provide individual services as necessary
d. Students whose performance does not improve when provided with increasingly intensive instruction are referred to the school's Child Study Team to determine whether students are eligible for special education or related services. Parents are consulted during this process (NJCLD, 2005; Trolley, Haas, & Patti, 2009).
The 2004 LD Roundtable (see Trolley et al., 2009) suggested that that RTI programs also possess the following characteristics:
* high quality, research-based instruction and behavior supports in general education;
* scientific, research-based interventions focused specifically on indivividual student difficulties and delivered with appropriate intensity;
* use of a collaborative approach by school staff for development, implementation, and monitoring of the intervention process;
* data-based documentation reflecting continuous monitoring of student performance and progress during interventions;
* documentation of parental involvement throughout the process;
* documentation that the timelines described in the federal regulations are adhered to; and
* systematic assessment and documentation that the interventions used were implemented with fidelity. (p. 30)
RTI Best Practice
Recommendations for best practice in implementing RTI programs include phasing in the program; providing Tier 1, 2, and 3 teachers with extensive training; monitoring student progress; and adapting instruction accordingly on a daily basis. Intervention is measured using curriculum-based measurements (CBM), which are short and timed. Curriculum-based assessment (CBA) is testing that provides instructional adaptations (Burns & Ysseldyke, 2005). The National Joint Committee on Learning Disabilities (NJCLD) calls for evaluations of sites that have demonstrated best practices in RTI implementation and outcomes so that these models can be replicated nationwide (NJCLD, 2005).
This article details the implementation of RTI in kindergarten through second grade at Bobcat Elementary School (fictitious school name), a school recognized by the Commonwealth of Virginia as having a model RTI program. Bobcat Elementary School offers a replicable model for RTI implementation supporting the federal government's goal to have RTI implemented in all schools by 2012 (Bender & Shores 2007) .
Implementing RTI
RTI is called Responsive Instruction (RI) in Loudoun County Public Schools, Virginia. This name change was chosen to serve the needs of students achieving at all levels and incorporate 21st-century critical thinking, abstract reasoning, and grade-level Standards of Learning (SOL). Focus grades for the pilot year 2009-2010 at Bobcat Elementary School were kindergarten, first grade, and second grade. Three schools piloted RI programs in Loudoun County during the 2009-2010 school year, including one middle school. Four additional schools will implement RI in the 2010-2011 school year. One district administrator is focused on RI district-wide implementation. The district developed an action plan that offers specific strategies to build consensus and support, conduct universal screening, provide core instruction, monitor progress, and identify research-based intervention strategies. Leadership team members from all RI participating schools in the district meet monthly with district staff to debrief implementation progress and discuss program issues. Work on RI began in the summer of 2009, as key staff participated in a two-day staff development conference. Bins containing research-based interventions were created by instuctional staff. The initial sucess of the program was a direct result of the dedication of the leadership team and staff, and the support from the district administrator.
RI Program Description
The RI program at Bobcat Elementary School is unique in that, in addition to the Tier 2 intervention groups for identified students working on specific literacy skills, it incorporates the needs of students achieving at all levels with a program called Discovery. The program provides Tier 1 students with two-week direct instruction units that focus on 21st-century critical thinking, abstract reasoning, and grade-level Standards of Learning (SOL).
The Tier 2 interventions are provided by two kindergarten teachers, three first grade teachers, two second grade teachers, one ELL (English language learner) teacher, two special education teachers, and one reading specialist. Their roles include teaching, monitoring progress, and communicating the students' progress or lack of progress to the homeroom teacher and RI Leadership Team. The Discovery program provides enrichment curriculum to Tier 1 students functioning on or above grade level. The RI Discovery units are taught by instructional faculty including those teaching art, music, physical education, and technology, and the librarian, school counselor, regular education teachers, and the gifted teacher.
RI has provided a process by which educators can gather the data for all students, and it allows for skill-specific early intervention in literacy. RI helps staff determine the skills with which children are struggling and targets those specific skills for intervention. RI provides concrete data that pinpoints where a student needs the most assistance. Although educators are expected to identify deficit areas and provide remediation, this has not always been done and has been dependent on the skill level of the educator. Teacher concerns in the past have resulted in referrals for special education services without documentation about the types of interventions that have been implemented. RI is thought to increase literacy levels and thereby provide targeted early intervention that may result in fewer special education referrals.
Scope of RI Implementation
Table 1 provides an overview of the RI program at Bobcat Elementary for 2009-2010 and indicates instructors and students participating in the tiered program. It lists the numbers of students receiving Tier 3, special education services, and students that are involved in the child study process. Typically, universal screening is conducted in June but the RI Leadership Team decided to conduct the screening six weeks earlier in order to obtain benchmarks for the pilot year of the RI program.
Screening and Student Placement
The diagnostic staff, consisting of the school psychologist, educational diagnostician, reading specialist and administrative intern, universally screen all students in kindergarten through second grade. The RI Leadership Team, which includes the principal, school psychologist, educational diagnostician, reading specialist, two special education teachers, general education teacher, occupational therapist, administrative intern, and school counselor, evaluates the screening data and teacher recommendations. Students are placed in Tier 2 Intervention or Tier 1 Discovery groups.
The RI Leadership Team looks first at universal screening, using AIMSweb screening probes (AIMSweb.com; Pearson Education, 2008). The AIMSweb components provide one comprehensive progress monitoring system, endorsed by the National Center for Response to Intervention. AIMSweb is a benchmark and progress monitoring system based on direct, frequent and continuous student assessment. Students are screened on fluency first. If they do not pass for grade level on fluency, then they are screened on specific reading skills. The results are reported to students, parents, teachers and administrators via a Web-based data management and reporting system. Students who score lower than the 25th percentile using national normative data based are flagged. Second, developmental reading assessment (DRA) benchmarks for students are examined to determine if the student is on grade level for reading. Third, the team considers the classroom teacher recommendation, based on daily performance. The philosophy of placement at Bobcat Elementary is to overidentify students for Tier 2 if any concerns are present and the child's scores are borderline Tier 1. Approximately 40% (see Table 1) of kindergarten, first grade, and second grade students received Tier 2 intervention during the 2009-2010 school year at Bobcat Elementary.
The school counselor is highly involved in student placement school-wide with the belief that appropriate teacher placement is the best intervention for a student. The school counselor also places students in RI groupings. Serving on the Leadership Team, the counselor provides the master grouping list of all students and maintains any changes as the school year progresses, and places new students, communicating and coordinating screening and grouping for RI.
Tier 2: Intervention Groups
The school has eight Tier 2 Intervention groups with no more than eight students per group. The groups are provided daily instruction for 25 minutes each morning for total of eight weeks. During progress monitoring, if a student has four monitoring points out of six below their individually set aimline or progress goals, instruction may be changed or the student may be referred for additional assistance to the RI Leadership Team using the Student Not Progressing (SNP) form (see Figure 2). Aimlines, or progress goals, are set using AIMSweb based on a universal screening score for the student and reasonable gains (usually 1.5-2.0 with 1 being standard benchmark growth for grade level skill) for an eight-week period. For example, a second grade child may need to gain three to four additional words per minute fluency per week in order to catch up to grade level benchmark, whereas a student who is already on benchmark is expected to make one to two words per minute. The eight groups were developed using a research-based intervention manual, Reading Strategies for Struggling Readers (Ballard, Bray, Campbell, DiFilippo, & McNabb, 2008) that included specific skill focused interventions (i.e., Cavanaugh, Dickey, Kim, Drezmien, Levy, Twiddy, 2005; Gillon, 2004; Shapiro, 2004). The Intervention groups at Bobcat Elementary in 2009-2010 were:
1. Letter Recognition: identifying and naming uppercase and lowercase letters.
2. Phoneme Identification: matching sounds to letters. Students must be able to identify and manipulate sounds, associating them with corresponding letters.
3. Blending and Segmenting: increases a student's awareness of the individual sounds in language, including how each of these sounds is represented by a letter or a combination of letters. Students learn to manipulate sounds and letters to form words.
4. Rime: spelling patterns, phonograms, or word families. Onset refers to the letters that precede the time. Students segment words between an onset (/fl/ in the word flat) and the rime (at at the end of flat). Rime follows patterns that children more easily understand.
5. Sight: words for which students can recognize the meaning and pronunciation automatically. Words are read as whole units. Sight words play a critical role as a child learns to read, building confidence and forming the foundation for word analysis strategies.
6. Nonsense: words that do not make sense, that do not have meaning. The ability to read nonsense words requires a student to understand that letters represent sounds in words and that those sounds can be blended together to make "words." This skill enables students to read and decode unfamiliar words.
7. Fluency: the ability to read accurately, quickly, and with prosody (reading with appropriate expression and intonation).
8. Handwriting
Tier 1: Discovery Groups
Bobcat Elementary has eight Tier 1 Discovery groups of 15-20 students each. The groups are provided daily direct instruction for 25 minutes each morning for a total of two weeks. RI Discovery educators create their own two-week units (see Figure 3 for an example of a Discovery Instruction Class Overview) supporting the Virginia Standards of Learning, 21st-century critical thinking, and abstract reasoning skills. (see Figure 4, Chess Unit Plan, for an example of a Discovery Unit). Discovery Units were reviewed before implementation by an administrator and assistance was provided by the RI Leadership Team to control for SOL alignment and best practices.
Discovery groups rotate every two weeks to different specialists for a different unit. In the ninth week of each quarter, Intervention group students go to a Discovery class for one week. This is to allow Intervention group students time with Discovery instructors and lessons. Tier 1 Discovery students stay with their classroom teacher, who addresses other instructional needs. For example, students may receive small group assistance in math during this time. At the beginning of the 2009-2010 school year, each educator received nine-week plans for the participating grade levels for the school year as a lateral articulation guide, and the first nine weeks were set aside for 2009-2010 Discovery Unit planning. This being the pilot year for Bobcat Elementary, instructional groups did not begin until the second quarter of 2009-2010. This was to allow for proper implementation during the pilot of an RI program. The expectation was that RI instruction would begin the first quarter of the 2010-2011 school year.
RI Program Evaluation
Program evaluation is an important component of any RI model. The Bobcat program was evaluted in two ways. Student progress was continually monitored as part of Tier 1, 2 and 3 intruction, the goal being to increase on grade level student performance. In order to evaluate on grade level performance, the reading level of students was compared to the previous year. The perceptions of the faculty and staff are also an important component of effectiveness for any program. Therefore, evaluation of the Bobcat program also used perception data from the Bobcat faculty. Table 2 shows the comparison of 2008-2009 pre-RI percent of students not reading on grade level, based on Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA) scores, compared to 2009-2010 pilot RI year percent DRA scores. DRA scores were used for both percents, as RI data was not available for the previous year. In upcoming years, RI data will be compared to RI data from past years. These numbers include all special education students and students from two autism programs currently residing at this elementary school.
Figure 3. Discovery Instruction Class Overview Chess Discovery This unit is aligned with the Virginia Standards of Learning, and the Standards of Learning for School Counseling. Students will reinforce Oral Language, Reading, Writing, Math, Science & Social Studies Standards of Learning through Chess activities. Students will have the opportunity to learn the fundamentals of chess including: learning setup, rules, vocabulary, movement of all chess pieces, and a basic Checkmate. Students will partner to play Chess Learning Games included in the take home Chess Discovery Unit Book, as well as full games of chess. Future participation in Bobcat's Chess Club is a great extension opportunity. Music Discovery This unit is in alignment with the Virginia Standards of Learning, The National and the Virginia Standards of Learning for Music. Students will reinforce Oral Language, Reading, Writing, Math, Science & Social Studies Standards of Learning through musical activities. Students will reinforce letters, numbers and patterns while exploring different styles of dance music through critical listening and read narrative about dance and classical music. Students will sing number songs and will manipulate the numbers to solve math problems. Sound Discovery Students will participate in a S.T.E.M. unit on sound. * Science--Students learn that you can hear, feel and see sound, but you cannot taste or smell sound. They participate in experiments and observe patterns. Vocabulary associated with ears and sound is introduced and reinforced. * Technology--Students use tuning forks to make sound, glass bottles filled with water to make music, and mirrors to make observations. * Engineering--Students create an instrument to make sound--A Lion's Roar! * Math--Students create patterns of sound and graph hypotheses. Technology Discovery Students learn and practice science and math SOLs that relate to plain and solid figures. Students create season themed figures, such as Shape Turkeys, Shape Snowmen and Shape Reindeer. They use Pixie2 where they have to choose, draw and label these shapes which are then combined to make a slideshow that is showcased on the webpage. Physical Education Discovery Cooperative Games with Mathematic concepts included are comprehension, and demonstration of Spatial Awareness. Students will learn and practice Individual and Group Locomotor Skills using Movement Activities & Games that also incorporate math concepts. Turning, twisting, balancing, stretching, transferring weight, throwing, and dribbling are Nonlocomotor and Manipulative skills that are also included. Along with these essential fundamental movement activities, math concepts such as single and double column addition and subtraction will be explored. Art History Discovery Students will learn to look at pieces of art critically in order to understand different events and cultures in history. Students will observe and critique the painting "Napoleon Crossing the Alps." Students will then reflect upon the differences in the world and peoples, both past & present. Students will then observe and critique pottery from Greece, learning about the daily life of Ancient Grecians and the multiple purposes of these pieces of pottery. Art Discovery We had looked at some basics of Pointillism and its visual color mixing. Our examples were not only Georges Seurat and Paul Signac, but also student examples and various works found on the internet. Our groups worked on two different types of Pointillist pieces. The first used a piece of graph paper to guide our dotting methods with markers. Our final attempt was done as an experiment with small dowels and tempera paint. Each work had a large item in the foreground, and smaller items leading back to a horizon line. Figure 4. Discovery Instruction Example--Chess Unit Plan Grade Level: 1st Subject: Guidance/Chess Prepared by: Theresa Ryan Overview & Purpose Students will reinforce Oral Language (1.1-1.3), Reading (1.5- 1.9), Writing (1.11-1.12), Math (1.11-1.21), Science (1.1), Social Studies (1.10) Standards of Learning through Chess instruction and group activities. Guidance SOLs covered: Academic--EA1-EAB, Career--EC4, EC6, Personal/Social--EPI-EP6. Education Standards Addressed This unit is aligned with the Virginia Standards of learning for First Grade, and the Virginia Standards for School Counseling. Materials Needed * Chess Boards * Chess Pieces * Chess Unit Books for each student * Markers/Crayons Other Resources * None Day Summary of Lesson - Week 1 1 Introduction to Chess. Students will receive instruction in the set up of a Chess Board, in the Rules of Chess, and in New Chess Vocabulary. Students will then begin their Chess Unit Books by completing pages 2&3--Chess Vocabulary. 2 Reinforce & Review Lesson 1 Chess Knowledge. Review Set Up, Rules, and Vocabulary. Begin teaching movement and basic strategy (flexible reasoning & logic skills)--Pawn & The Pawn Game. See page 4 of the Chess Unit Book. 3 Reinforce for retention Lesson 1 &2 Chess Knowledge. Review Set Up, Rules, and Vocabulary. Review Pawn Movement & Pawn Strategy. Instruction on The Queen, followed by partner activity The Attack of The Mad Queen. See Chess Unit Book, page 5 for activity. 4 Reinfboce for retention Lesson 1-3 Chess Knowledge. Review Set Up, Rules, Vocabulary, Pawn Movement, and Queen Movement. Instruction on The Knight, including kinesthetic movement as the Knight followed by individual activity The Knight Driving Test. See Chess Unit Book, Page 6 for activity. 5 Reinforce for retention Lesson 1-4 Chess knowledge. Review Set Up, Rules, Vocabulary, Pawn, Queen, and Knight Movement. Instruction on The Bishop & The Rook, including kinesthetic movement followed by group activities-- The Rook Exercise & The Bishops Test. See page 7 & 8 in Chess Unit Book for activities. If time partner for a full game of Chess. Day Summary of Lesson--Week 2 6 Reinforce for retention Lesson 1-5 Chess Knowledge. Review Set Up, Rules, Vocabulary, Pawn, Queen, and Knight, Rook, and Bishop Movement. See Chess Unit page 9 for Home Connection Information & Extension. Then partner for a full game of Chess. 7 Reinforce for retention Lesson 1-6 Chess Knowledge. Review Set Up, Rules, Vocabulary, Pawn, Queen, and Knight, Rook, and Bishop Movement. Review proper Checkmate. Then partner with different partners for a full games of Chess. 8 Reinforce for retention Lesson 1-6 Chess Knowledge. Review Set Up, Rules, Vocabulary, Pawn, Queen, and Freight, Rook, and Bishop Movement. Review proper Checkmate. Then partner with different partners for a full games of Chess. 9 Reinforce for retention Lesson 1-6 Chess Knowledge. Review Set Up, Rules, Vocabulary, Pawn, Queen, and Knight, Rook, and Bishop Movement. Review proper Checkmate. Then partner with different partners for a full games of Chess. 10 Reinforce for retention Lesson 1-6 Chess Knowledge. Review Set Up, Rules, Vocabulary, Pawn, Queen, and Knight, Rook, and Bishop Movement. Review proper Checkmate. Then partner with different partners for full games of Chess. Chess Class Evaluation. Chess Books & Future Participation in Algonkian's Chess Club are Great Extension opportunities.
Table 2 data shows the effectiveness of the RI program in 2009-2010. Of kindergarten students, 90% were reading on grade level as of June 2010, as compared to 76% in 2008-2009. Eighty-four percent of first grade students were reading on grade level as of June 2010, as compared to 72% in 2008-2009. Second graders' DRA scores show some regression and lack of progress of students. This will require additional time to be spent in the coming year on evaluation of core instruction. In the second grade group, 24.3% met basic reading benchmarks of RI but did not achieve grade level DRA benchmarks by the end of 2009-2010 school year. The DRA grade level benchmarks for second grade include comprehension, but the school's 2009-2010 RI program did not include intervention groups for comprehension. In 2010-2011, intervention groups will receive comprehension instruction and RI leadership anticipates that second-grade DRA grade level benchmark scores will show greater gains.
In June 2010, faculty and staff completed a questionnaire concerning their perceptions of the effectiveness of the RI program and their perceptions of the role of the school counselor in the program. Of 23 staff faculty and staff RI participants, 17 completed the questionnaire. A Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree; 2 = disagree; 3 = unsure; 4 = agree; 5 = strongly agree) was used to respond to questions, such as: "RI addresses the needs of students achieving at all levels," "RI is important," and "The data and interventions of RI help identify, students at risk for poor learning outcomes."
What is most significant is the strength of staff scores of the RI program, both Intervention and Discovery. Table 3 shows that staff scored at or above 4.7 on the Likert scale for six out of 10 measures. The Discovery instruction scores were lower, the lowest being 3.75 for "Higher achieving students receive differentiated instruction in Discovery Units." This may not have been an effective question, because differentiation of Discovery was not a topic discussed school-wide. This finding will be addressed by increasing staff training and collaboration between Intervention instructors and Discovery instructors. The survey led RI leadership to see the need for increased understanding between all implementing staff. One of the final questions on the survey spoke to this, with 75% of staff strongly agreeing that it was useful to tour during RI time and see Intervention and Discovery implementation.
Question 9 referred specifically to the role of the school counselor in the RI program at Bobcat Elementary. In Table 3, the highest scores related to the school counselor were in collaboration, advocacy, implementation, coordination, and communication with parents. The highest score was in collaboration with other RI educators, with a rating average of 4.69 on the Likert scale. Second highest was advocacy, with a score of 4.65. The school counselor's role in the RI process was perceived as an asset to the program. To quote one staff member's survey comment, "Our school counselor has been an integral part of the success of RI at our school--she has embraced RI and strongly believes in the concept, therefore she serves as a model for other specialists in this regard." The Role of the School Counselor
School counselors may wonder why the counselor would be involved in reading, literacy, and instruction. School counselors are educators who believe that early intervention is an important part of any counseling program. Early intervention is part of preventive services to students. The ASCA Position Statement on RTI (2008) states:
Professional school counselors are stakeholders in the development and implementation of the Response to Intervention (RTI) process. Professional school counselors align with the RTI process through the implementation of a comprehensive school counseling program designed to improve student achievement and behavior. (p. 34)
Professional school counselors' roles support RI's prevention and early intervention functions. The RI three-tiered framework aligns with the ASCA National Model: A Framework for School Counseling Programs that identifies responsive services based on the student's level of risk (ASCA, 2005). Data-driven decision making is key in any current counseling program, advocacy, collaboration, and providing for levels of interventions.
Implications for School Counselors
School counselors are essential leadership personnel in the RI process. RI is a team effort requiring collaboration, implementation, organization, and evaluation skills. As a member of the Bobcat Elementary School RI Leadership Team, the counselor not only was part of the team that developed the RI program, she also created and delivered presentations for parents, start; and administration explaining and advocating for RI. She coordinated with other RI leaders to use student data to place students in Tier I Discovery units and Tier 2 Interventions. She was responsive to staff concerns and suggestions and to student needs, and used this information to modify the program. The school counselor also created forms and school best practices, such as the Student Not Progressing form (see Figure 2) that was used to reevaluate a student's progress and provide informative data for the Leadership Team to evaluate how best to readdress the student's needs.
School counselors' involvement in RTI is also an opportunity to work with all of the students in the school in an instructional setting. RI Discovery provided the school counselor with the opportunity to teach critical thinking skills in an intensive, two week daily timeframe. Since Discovery units allow the instructor lattitude in what is used to teach these skills, such as chess, mind puzzlers, and word problems, the school counselor was able to infuse personal/social and career objectives into the academic curriculum objectives.
School counselors' roles in RTI provide an opportunity for early counseling interventions. Because of the RI program at Bobcat Elementary, the school counselor has the opportunity to provide much earlier intervention and insight into students' counseling needs. Case Study 1 provides the example of a second-grade student who participated in the school counselor's Chess Discovery Unit and describes how this unit helped the school counselor provide early intervention with a student new to the school. Figure 4 illustrates the Chess Discovery Unit used to provide the intervention.
This school counselor's involvement in RI also created a much stronger connection between the counseling program and the participating teachers. RI has encouraged collaboration among diverse school professionals all working towards the same goal of increasing student literacy. Counselors are highly skilled in collaboration and coordination, yet one of the toughest jobs a counselor has in a school is public relations with the teaching staff. The counselor's involvement in RI leadership and in teaching RI Discovery afforded the school counselor a much more visible counselor role. Collected data shows that 93.8% of RI staff feel that the counselor works collaboratively with other RI educators (See Table 3). Part of this counselor's duties on Bobcat's RI leadership team was to represent and collaborate with the Discovery educators, who were asked to provide additional lessons over and above their regular duties. This required time and took a great deal of listening and problem solving on the part of the school counselor. What convinced the teachers that the extra effort was worthwhile was seeing the data (see Figure 1. Intervention Progress): as a result of the RI program, children were succeeding.
The RI program has provided Bobcat Elementary School with an objective look at student performance, giving educational professionals a framework to monitor research-based interventions and instruction. It has also provided objective data documentation regarding instruction and student performance necessary for the child study team to determine whether further testing is needed. By using the RTI process, the child study meeting decisions are based on data, not teacher opinions. See Figure 1 for an example of one graph that was used at child study. The student was not responding to the original intervention, which was noted as progress monitoring data shows four data points below the labeled aimline. As the intervention was changed to a different research-based intervention for the same skill, the student showed marked growth. This type of concrete informational data is integral to the child study process at Bobcat Elementary. One hundred percent of staff surveyed feel that RI information (graphs, interventions used, universal screening data) is useful in child study. This same graph (Figure 1) is what "made believers" out of Discovery instructors who were unsure about RI and the large use of time for the RI program.
The RTI service model has provided new opportunities for school counselors. As more schools and school districts move toward implementing RTI programs, school counselors should consider how their involvement in RTI can not only serve students but can build relationships with administrators, teachers, staff, and parents. The story of the Bobcat RI program serves as a model of how one elementary school counselor influenced the development and implementation of the RI program.
Case Study I. A Case Example of the School Counselor's Role in RI
In November, I began a new two week Discovery Unit with a second grade class. There was a student in the class, Samantha, who was new to our school as of the 2009-2010 school year. I had not been made aware of any needs this student might have had at that time. After missing two days of the unit and being concerned, I asked the other classroom students if Samantha was ill, The students said "No, she was always tardy." I then spoke to the classroom teacher, who said, "Yes, this student was chronically tardy and often missed at a minimum the first 15-20 minutes of each school day." Samantha followed this pattern in Discovery, too, attending the following few days, but missing the first 15-20 minutes of each class. I was able to use the Discovery Unit on Chess that I was teaching as an intervention, as this student was excited to learn how to play. However, since she missed the instructional portion of each lesson, I spoke to her regarding getting to school on time, made a plan of catching the bus so she was not dependent on anyone to drive, and rewarded her with attention, praise, and chess instruction. There was immediate improvement. Samantha was on time for the rest of Chess Discovery Unit, and went from 8 and 9 tardies per month prior to intervention to zero for the following two months. Samantha has continued to be on time with an average of 1.8 tardies for the remainder of the 2009-2010 school year. I have continued to work with this student, and, with an additional plan in place, she is also now completing work throughout the school day. Without the daily contact I was afforded through our RI program, and my involvment in Discovery, it may have been many more weeks before this child would have come to my attention. This is just one example of many children for whom I was able to provide an early counseling intervention as a result of my involvement in RI.
Earn CEUs for reading this article. Visit www.schoolcounselor.org, and click on Professional School Counseling to learn how.
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Shapiro, E. S. (2004). Academic Skills Problems: Direct Assessment and Intervention. New York: Guilford Press.
Trolley, B. C., Haas, H. S., & Patti, D. C. (2009). The school counselor's guide to special education. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
Theresa Ryan, M.Ed., is a school counselor for Loudon County Public Schools, VA. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. Carol J. Kaffenberger, Ph.D., is an associate professor emerita of the College of Education and Human Development, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA. Amy Gleason Carroll, MA, M.Ed., is also with the College of Education and Human Development, George Mason University.
Table 1. Overview of RI Program 2009-2010 Participants September 2009 January 2010 Intervention 13 Teachers, 13 Teachers, Instructors 1 - Assistant 1 - Assistant Discovery 7 Specialists, 7 Specialists, Instructors 1 Classroom Teacher 1 Classroom Teacher Total Students 205 197 Tier 1--Students 113, 55.1% 119, 60.4% Tier 2--Students 91, 44.3% 78/197, 39.6% Tier 3--Students 12, 5.8% Not implemented during this timeframe Students in child 8 10 study Students receiving 8 8 special education support Participants * June 2010 Intervention 13 Teachers, Instructors 1 - Assistant Discovery 7 Specialists, Instructors 1 Classroom Teacher Total Students 193 Tier 1--Students 119, 61.6% Tier 2--Students 84, 43.5% Tier 3--Students 5, 2.5% Students in child 15 study Students receiving 17, ** 4 in Tier 1 special education support Note. Screening was completed in April instead of June and used to inform placement for 4thQuarter RI, four students in Tier I receive special education support services not related to reading. Table 2. Comparision of DRA Scores--Percent of Students not Reading on Grade Level at the End of the School Year Grade Level 2008-2009 2009-2010 Kindergarten 24% 10.4% First Grade 28% 16.0% Table 3. Faculty Perceptions of the RI Program (n=17) Question Mean * High achieving students receive differentiated 3.75 instruction in Discovery units RI Discovery addresses needs of higher achieving 4.06 students RI Discovery is important 4.41 RI addresses the needs of all students 4.47 RI identifies Tier 2 students and provides 4.71 interventions RI provides early intervention for students at risk 4.76 RI data is useful in child study meetings 4.82 RI intervention is important 4.82 School counselor (SC) works collaboratively with RI 4.69 educators SC advocates for all children in RI 4.65 SC coordination of RI has contributed to program's 4.65 success SC's communication with parents has contributed to 4.56 the program's success SC provides important insight to the RI program 4.53 The SC's role as Discovery unit teacher contributed 4.47 to program's success Note. Respondents reported the extent of agreement with statements (1) strongly disagree--(5) strongly agree.
Reader Opinion
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|Ryan, Theresa; Kaffenberger, Carol J.; Carroll, Amy Gleason
|Professional School Counseling
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International Urology and Nephrology, 05/07/2012
A 42–year–old renal transplant recipient was admitted with fever, anorexia, malaise, nonproductive cough, and dyspnea of 1–week duration. Multiple cultures of blood, sputum, and urine were negative. The possibility of bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (BOOP) was considered when pulmonary infiltrate did not respond to conventional antibiotic therapy. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, cytomegalovirus, fungi, and atypical germs, and showed evidence of BOOP. The patient recovered completely after treatment with steroids.
2015 © M3 USA. ALL Rights Reserved.

subset: commoncrawl


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From Barnes & NobleThe Barnes & Noble Review
A fast-paced ride through the politics and hidden agendas of a sweltering Miami, Suspicion of Deceit is the latest novel in author Barbara Parker's bestselling Suspicion series, featuring upscale attorney Gail Connor. The ironic title works well for all plot threads unraveled in this engaging tale, from personal, terrifying deceptions to those with vast ramifications for a wide array of characters.
When Gail Connor is asked to become the attorney for the Miami Opera, it's for more than the simple reason that she's a damn fine lawyer. The upper echelon has its own objective in inviting her to a fund-raising function—they want to question her boyfriend, Anthony Quintana, on just how the city's Cuban political factions will respond to an opera star's questionable visit to Cuba some two years earlier. If the opera continues to employ opera star Thomas Nolan, there is a chance that the Cuban exile populace might become violent at one of the performances, if they view him as a traitor to his people. Fueling the fire is Anthony's brother-in-law, a commentator for Radio Free Cuba, who not only stokes the rage of his listeners but also finds time to cause troubles between Gail and Anthony. A violent murder—and the wounding of Gail herself—forces Gail to take matters into her own hands. She employs Felix Castillo, a mysterious investigator and longtime friend of Anthony's, to further question contacts in Cuba in order to discover the real nature of Thomas Nolan's visit there.
Yet there is another level of investigation occurring here. Gail is eager to uncovermore of Anthony's past, about which he's been extremely tight-lipped for years. As more of their mutual friends reveal startling truths about Anthony—including the fact that he once spent time in Nicaragua with the Sandinistas—Gail must battle her own suspicions to decide whether she will stand by the man she's come to love or betray him.
Parker is masterful at weaving clandestine situations and the politics of both the past and the present with the pertinent actions of the moment. History—personal and bureaucratic—plays a large part in this novel, and scenes involving Anthony's large family and all their many beliefs, passions, and fiery emotions play out with an incredible vitality that greatly contributes to the flow and grip of the story. Gail and Anthony are a fervent couple, in love but also finding excitement in the friction of ideology that occasionally comes between them. The author refuses to allow for any black-and-white, easy answers at any time. All parties involved are constantly discovering more about themselves and exactly what the cost might be for each conviction and stance taken.
"Suspicion of Deceit" is deceivingly simplistic, but it works on several levels at once, as the main mystery plot element often takes a backseat to equally intriguing story lines of a more personal nature. The gray areas of conflicting opinions lend a credence to the novel that isn't usually found in the more idealistic, hero-versus-villain crime thrillers on the market. It's the author's worldview, and her understanding of human nature, that make this novel one that readers can trust to arrive at a gripping, satisfying, and wholly genuine conclusion.—Tom Piccirilli


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Chesapeake Bay, Western Shore Marinas
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sv Cordelia
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Chesapeake Bay, Western Shore Marinas
I also posted this in the "Destinations" section, but wanted to post here as well in case that doesn't get as many views.
Any tips on a good a marina within an hour of DC.
My requirements:
Deep draft, boat draws 6' 2"
Reasonable distance from DC (hour tops)
Easy Bay access
My wish list:
On the small side, I don't need / really want a massive resort
"Park-like" setting (aka, I'd like some grass and not just boat yard gravel)
I'd prefer to stay off the Beltway, 95 or 50
Right now we are at Paradise Marina in Deale. It's an easy drive down MD 4, couple good bars nearby and the marina is small (50-60 slips), has a community feel and if there's no wind, you can just sit in the grass and have a drink. I'd like to stay there, but just don't think it's deep enough.
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Baton Rouge rum distillery owners hope to begin construction by end of year: Report | #Louisiana
Louisiana Restaurant Owner Gives a Discount to Gun Owners
Forbes: Saints owner Tom Benson remains richest man in state, No. 386 in nation | News | The Advocate — Baton Rouge, #Louisiana
RT @wdsu "Jeep owner gets last laugh over Corvette parking job " "Because I'm TACKYYYY"
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Nearly 43 acres of land reserved for Dalits is allegedly given to the S.D.M group of educational institutions
Hundreds of people turned up in front of the Belthangady Taluk Panchayat on Monday demanding that the land allocated to S.D.M. Educational institute be given to Dalits in the region.
Gathering under the banner of the Karnataka Dalit Sangharsha Samiti (Ambedkar vada), the protestors shouted anti-government slogans for having allegedly diverted nearly 43 acres of depressed classes (DC) Manna land in Ujire – which, during the time of the British was reserved primarily for Dalits – was given to the Shree Kshetra Dharmasthala to construct a "profit-making" educational institution.
"What land the Britishers have left behind for the Dalits, is being illegally taken over in the name of Dharma (religion) in Dharmasthala," said K. Neela, State Vice-President, Janavadi Mahila Sanghatane.


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freelance photographer
Taiwan - Last active: 16 hours ago - Tests: 2
I'm a Taiwanese-born freelancer working in the fields of photography, graphic design, writing and interpreting based in Seoul Korea now. My educational background is Radio, Television and Film. And I have broad international experience in language and culture. For examples of my work see http://ohweijane.tumblr.com/ (photography) http://weijane0523.tumblr.com/
System Engineer
United States - Last active: 11/06/2014 - Tests: 1
My goal is to help you tackle any IT task quickly and effectively. I can help you build an infrastructure or help you make your current infrastructure more efficient. You name the task, I'll take care of the rest. I'm familiar with: Linux, Windows, Mac, LAMP/LEMP, AWS, and a slew of other web technologies.
- Windows Administration
- LAMP Administration
- Ubuntu
- Mac OS App Development
- Amazon EC2
- Amazon S3
- WordPress
- MySQL Administration
- Nagios
- Git
- Nginx
- Microsoft Exchange Server
- Network Administration
- virus removal
- Remoting
- CentOS
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)
- Linux System Administration
- Memcached
- Apache administration
- Database Administration
- Database Caching
CakePHP, MVC, PHP, MySQL, Drupal, Magento, Wordpress, jQuery, HTML5,
India - Last active: 16 hours ago - Tests: 4 - Portfolio: 15
6+ years of experience in developing PHP/MySql and Mongo DB (2 years) based websites with extensive database rich applications. Over these years, I have worked on PHP5, Joomla, MVC based cakePHP Technologies. Applications worked upon are in domain of - Food ordering, Sports application, Business Automation, Ecommerce applications etc.
- MySQL Administration
- Joomla!
- CakePHP
- Project management
- Order processing
- SMS Gateway
- Database Caching
Associated with: SmartData Inc Agency
Senior Mobile / Web Developer
Bulgaria - Last active: 5 days ago - Tests: 9 - Portfolio: 33
Thank you for visiting my profile! I am an experienced developer, generalist with over 15 years in the field of research, development and integration of software solutions - including web technologies, mobile devices, server / cloud solutions. What i do: - Software Development: iOS / Mac (Cocoa / Objective-C), Android (Java), Windows (.NET), C/C#/C++/PHP - Analysis and Consulting: Aiding Clients in developing their initial ideas into a working solution. Development of technical / cost documentation, finds and presents various solutions to not-so-everyday problems. - Project Management: Management of all aspects of a project - cost, time, resources, issues. Planning and development of initial costs, separation of tasks per team members, milestone tracking, Client communications. - Analysis, planning and development of cloud based solutions - scalable and redundant web services, load balancing solutions, database clusters (MySQL / Percona based), long term support on hardware and software. - UI / UX / Web Design Key industries / targets: - Business oriented applications for small / mid companies - mobile / web / desktop software applications - Entertainment sector - development of promotional / marketing applications / services What i can do for you: - A complete full-cycle development - from your initial idea - to the fully implemented, installed and managed product. - Warranty of a bug-free software - Longterm support on request I'll be happy to discuss your ideas at any moment! Martin Kovachev ------------------- A note to potential new Employers: I work with the idea of providing a quality product / service - and i am happy doing so but i expect to be paid for my experience and know-how :) I always require an upfront payment of at least 20% or if this is not possible - you must escrow the amount somewhere and release it on a per month basis. This is all i require in terms of payments but it is essential. Thank you for the understanding!
Information Professional - IT Manager - Chemistry Tutor / Researcher
Sri Lanka - Last active: 1 day ago - Tests: 9 - Portfolio: 14
I am a young energetic individual recently graduated with a degree in Chemistry & Physics and in addition a computer literate having taken a Diploma in Computer Science, Graphic/Web Designing. I am also expert with Microsoft Office & Certificated in Networking Theory & Practice. I started my journey by joining the university as an IT Technician. During my tenure in the IT industry I developed my skills in Joomla, Wordpress,CSS, Java Script, PHP, Database Handling & Management, Networking and also Designing. My main objective is to develop my knowledge & ability, in the field of working & provide a best & quality service for the clients who wish to contact me to obtain their requisites, as a freelancer. I mainly specialize the Data Entry Professional & Web Researching field. Also I am experienced in web designing and graphic designing. I can work efficiently under pressure and being a perfectionist. I am keen on what I do and I enjoy the job well done. You can take me as an expert of web Researcher & Data Entry Professional and my core competency are listed below. - Excellent Web Researching - Expert Data Entry - Email Handling - Adobe Page maker - PDF Handling & Conversion - MS Office package - MS Word - MS Access - MS Excel - MS Publisher - MS Power Point - MS Visio - Graphic Designing - Adobe Photoshop - Adobe Illustrator - Adobe In design - Coral Draw X5 - Web Designing - Joomla - Word Press - CSS - HTML - PHP - Computer Networking - Database Management - Software Management Additional Qualifications - Having experience as an administrative officer, I pride myself of having a good command of Business English & also I have written many types of business letters, company policies, contracts, and company procedures. I also love organizing. With the experience I have done some organizing works in the university. As an example I organized the programme called Annual Academic Sessions (AAS) 2012 & 2013, the Research Publication programme in the university last year. This ability & the experience has been applied for managing the online works by me to get an improvement & also an another experience from the field.(eg - use web apps for managing online works) Thank you so much for taking time to check out my profile and I'm looking forward to working with you.
- Database Caching
- Data Entry
- Data Backup
- Desktop Publishing
- Adobe Illustrator
- Adobe Acrobat
- Scientific Writing
- Sinhala
- Teaching Mathematics
- Teaching Algebra
- Adobe Photoshop
- Geology
- Google AdSense
- Copywriting
- Word processing
- Microsoft Word
- Microsoft Excel
- Microsoft Access Administration
- Microsoft PowerPoint
- Microsoft Publisher
- Adobe PageMaker
- CorelDRAW
- Microsoft Visio
Associated with: Eminent Brands
Web Developer
Armenia - Last active: 1 month ago - Tests: 5 - Portfolio: 1
I am web developer with 2 years of experience. Worked with Html, Css ,php, frameworks (Zend,Yii), Javascript (jQuery), Ajax, MySQL, AngularJS, worked with SVN, GIT and design patterns, develop programming and db architecture.I am a person working, responsibly, with time availability and finish the objectives that you present, in time and with quality. I hope you need someone like me. For me it would be an honor to work for you.
Virtual Assistant Professional
Philippines - Last active: 10/22/2014 - Tests: 1
To share my knowledge and skills in online job and further my knowledge in different kinds of job.
Software developer
Lithuania - Last active: 09/30/2013
Software developer with focus on web app backends, databases, and scalability. Enthusiastic about lower-level systems programming as well as (lately) building clean and scalable web applications which include nontrivial backend code as well as clean user interfaces. Versatile experience and programming language knowledge. Please inquire!
Doing things with words
Portugal - Last active: 11/07/2014 - Tests: 2
Editing. Proofread. Translation. Transcription. Content Writing. & Creative Writing. Portuguese (native) and Spanish languages. Bachelor in Modern Languages, Portuguese and Spanish. Master's student in Editing and Publishing. 1 year experience as Spanish language teacher. 2 years experience as translator and proofreader. Accurate, fast and client-oriented.
Excellent Iphone | Android developer
India - Last active: 1 day ago - Tests: 5 - Portfolio: 11
Experienced program developer with various language such as C/C++ and iOS programming over 3 years. Especially C/C++/Objective-C . During 3 years for (iPhone/iPad/ successfully developed various iPhone/iPad/iPod and other iOS applications.And also have excellent experience of Android. ♦SPECIALIST IN BACK-END AND SOCIAL NETWORKING(SUCH AS Facebook and Twitter,LinkedIn) I have many experiences about : •Web service(XML, JSON), •GPS, Facebook, •Twitter,Bluetooth, • SQLite, Audio/Video, •Google map, place search by google api, • Push notification, UI etc for iPhone and Android. ♦SPECIALIST IN GOOGLE-MAP API. Nearly almost all of my apps using google-location so, became specialist naturally. I'm keen on cross platform frameworks and libraries. Have solid experience in porting iPhone application to Android devices. Looking forward to working on complex and challenging projects. My core competency lies in complete end-end development. The enrich experience in mobile platform and customer satisfaction,a true value motto, makes me different.
- iPhone App Development
- Android App Development
- Magento
- Cocoa
- Cocoa Touch
- Facebook Development
- twitter api
- Box2D
- Google App Engine
- Google App Engine API
- Payment Gateway Integration
- Payment Processing
- SMS Gateway
- Objective-C
- Mac OS App Development
- Oracle database
- Microsoft SQL Server Administration
- Google Analytics
- Google Analytics API
- Cocos2d
- JQuery Mobile
- Database Caching
- LinkedIn Development
- iPad App Development
- iPad UI Design
- Database design
- database management
- xml web services
- Mobile App Development
- Corona
- Apple Xcode
- GPS Development
Associated with: Innovative Solutions


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Postdoctoral Fellowship in Alzheimer's Disease Biomarker Discovery
Posted 18 Jun 2014
Brigham and Women's Hospital / Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
Principal Investigator
The successful applicant will become a key member of a small, focused team working on the development of new, highly sensitive immunoassays for the detection of various forms of tau.
The successful applicant will be exposed to a wide range of additional techniques and will interact on a daily basis with the PI and a diverse and active group of molecular scientists interested in neurodegeneration.
Expressions of interest should be directed to Dominic Walsh (email@example.com).
The position is available from September 1, 2014
Applicants must have substantial hands-on experience in the development and use of immunoassays. Experience generating and characterizing monoclonal antibodies is also important. Familiarity with the tau protein, mass spectrometry and/or antibody engineering would be an advantage. A strong work ethic is essential.


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Roy Fraser started working with his very first school client in 1978 and Fraser Portraits are still working with this very same school 35 years later! Over the years we built our client base up gradually, striving to provide the best possible service to each school that we can to ensure that we work with them for as many years as possible.
Online Sales - Purchase Photographs
Click Here
Fraser Portraits - Main Website
Click Here
Fraser Portraits' studio portrait photography service is all about achieving the right look for the right project. Working on location can be immensely enjoyable, but working in the studio provides all the necessary ingredients for delivering a professional and deliberate set of results. Fraser Portraits excels in this area.


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Apple iPhone RSS
The devolution of the portable music player
If you grew up thumbing through 3,000 music tracks on your iPhone, we can understand how terrifying it might be to find a Sony Walkman under your seat on public transit. The strange, metallic box with all those buttons and … Continue reading
Corsica in the Off Season
Going to Corsica in November is like breaking into a huge shopping centre after hours. Everything you've every wanted is there and you get it all to yourself. The small island packs in every possible type of topography in her … Continue reading
Stewart Muir: Reject the false claims of resource job killers
In coming days, activists in Vancouver will launch a campaign saying that increased oil shipments will inevitably destroy the B.C. tourism industry. They are choosing to do this now because they hope that recent anti-oil protests on Burnaby Mountain have … Continue reading
September springs crop of smartphones with Apple, Microsoft, HTC and Samsung all releasing new models
Apple has long-awaited its iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus, setting a new record with more than four million pre-orders in first 24 hours, with the phones to arrive on store shelves and on doorsteps this Friday. And that was … Continue reading
Apple product launch good news for Vancouver developers
Two new iPhones, a mobile pay system and a smartwatch may not have been enough to convince investors Apple hit a home run with its product launch Tuesday, but it spelled a win for Vancouver's mobile development and mobile payments … Continue reading
Samsung rolls out new Note 4, with matching Gear VR, bringing mobile virtual reality to the smartphone market
Samsung added some sizzle to its smartphone announcement today, rolling out a virtual reality headset, along with its new Note 4 tablet smartphone hybrid and a new Galaxy Edge with a display that curves over the edge of the phone.… Continue reading
Boating in BC: Wireless marine options
I was sailing in B.C.'s beautiful Broughton Archipelago this summer when my sister emailed a story I wrote back in 2000 headlined 'Afloat in the future,' a look at the then state-of-the art technology for remote travel. Looking back, much … Continue reading
ResponseTek: Vancouver company taps into customer experiences with texts (podcast)
Vancouver company ResponseTek has hooked onto the Holy Grail of consumer service: finding out what customers really think. That's individual customers, not an amorphous group captured in anonymous statistics. And most important, that feedback goes not just to the boss … Continue reading
A cure for high roaming rates: How to take your smartphone travelling (without breaking the bank)
Before you pack your bags to head off for March break, check out our cure for the roaming bill blues. Don't make the mistake of Vancouver's John Graeb, who turned off roaming on his smartphone when he travelled to Japan … Continue reading


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Mozilla 演示室
Fully Interactive Crossword Puzzle - HTML5
Crossword puzzle: use of draggable property of HTML5 elements
The crossword puzzle is made by extensive use of draggable property of HTML5 image element.
The letters can be copied and dragged on to the grid from an alphabet - unlimited times, of course.
In the event of a mistake, the letters can be erased by just clicking the part of the grid in question.
This was done by HTML5, CSS and JavaScript. No flash or Java involved at any stage.
Images are used for draggable letters, purely for aesthetic reasons.
到目前为止有 2 个评论
The_Beginner 说:
I downloaded this demo 3 days ago and found it to be the perfect launch pad for my current project, which is to introduce an interactive crossword puzzle into a quarterly association magazine. Although the demo is elementary in shape the coding (particularly the draggable elements) is excellent. Consequently I have rebuilt it to meet my needs and now have a demo of my own for a UK-style 15x15 cryptic crossword puzzle which runs perfectly. Questions:
1. Who wants to see the demo?
2. How do I make it available - put it on my website, send the folder to...., put it here etc?
3. Can I go public with the real thing or would that infringe some-one's rights?
@THE_BEGINNER Where could I see your demo?


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멍멍고냥씨Twitter Statistics
@x2ace - Tracking since October 7, 2009
밀랍의 성에서 사막여우를 기다리는 망상가입니다. Cast in the name of God, Ye not guilty.
You are on 멍멍고냥씨's Twitter stats page
We track these Twitter stats since October 7, 2009 . You can see how many followers 멍멍고냥씨 lost or gained and what the prediction is for tomorrow or the next 15 days, together with all kinds of other stats like rank compared to all Twitter users, tweets etc.
Why don't you give it a try and compare 멍멍고냥씨 to yourself ? Or if you are 멍멍고냥씨 get even more feature rich & up-to-date stats with Premium & Pro Twitter Stats.
Twitter Counter is the #1 Twitter stats site powered by Twitter. It all started in June 12, 2008 and we grew rather rapidly because of our Twitter Counter badge. The button is a nice small image that shows your visitors how many followers you have on Twitter. Within a year the button was on many many blogs around the world and we displayed more than 100 million buttons in one month. We track follower stats for over 180 million users now.
"I just unlocked the 6-month graphs on Twitter Counter.
Find out more http://twittercounter.com/pages/you via @TheCounter #paidwithatweet"


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GOP, Democrats ready rival emergency debt plans
WASHINGTON With bipartisan debt-limit talks deadlocked, House Republicans and Senate Democrats readied rival emergency fallback plans Sunday in hopes of reassuring world financial markets the U.S. government will avoid an unprecedented default.
In a conference call, Speaker John Boehner summoned his conservative rank and file to swing behind a "new measure" that could clear both houses of Congress.
"It won't be `Cut, Cap and Balance' as we passed it," he said, referring to a measure - killed in the Senate on Friday - that would have required spending cuts of an estimated $6 trillion as well as congressional approval of a constitutional balanced budget amendment for ratification by the states.
The new approach is "going to require some of you to make some sacrifices," he added, according to a person familiar with his remarks.
Separately, President Barack Obama invited the two top congressional Democrats to a highly unusual White House meeting Sunday evening.
One of them, Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, was at work on a Democratic fallback measure, too.
Without congressional action by Aug. 2, the Treasury will be unable to pay all its bills, risking a default that could have severe consequences for the U.S. economy and the world's, too.
Details of the rival plans were sketchy.
Republican officials said Boehner envisioned an increase in the nation's debt limit by $1 trillion and slightly more than that in federal spending cuts, with the promise of additional progress on both sides of the ledger if Congress could agree.
Democratic officials said Reid was at work on legislation to raise the government's debt limit by $2.4 trillion - enough to assure no recurrence of the current crisis until 2013 - and reduce spending by slightly more.
They said that plan envisioned no higher taxes.
Administration officials have stopped just short of promising to veto the approach Boehner outlined. Obama has also said for months any bill must include higher revenue.
The White House was largely consigned to a spectator's role on a weekend that began with Boehner's decision to call off talks with Obama.
But the president in the early evening began talks with Reid, House Democratic leader Nancy Pelosi and Vice President Joe Biden in the Oval Office.
Asked earlier what the administration's plan was to avoid default, Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner said, "Our plan is to get Congress to raise the debt ceiling on time."
The state of play veered between bipartisanship and brinkmanship on an issue of immense economic consequences.
Despite hours of compromise talks in the Capitol, lawmakers' aides had so far been unable to agree on a two-step plan that would satisfy Obama's demand for a large enough increase in the debt limit to tide the Treasury over until after the 2012 elections.
Interviewed on Fox, Boehner said, "I would prefer to have a bipartisan approach to solve this problem. If that is not possible, I and my Republican colleagues in the House are prepared to move on our own."


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Hi guys, it's been awhile since I was here. Builders cramp, or maybe I hit the wall. I quit my job two weeks ago, and it actually was a relief! Not the panic I might have envisioned. I probably have a bus driving job in the near future.
I won't bore you with that anymore.
The reason for writing is the chassis in the Barris T Buggy. It looks a little funny for being a buggy chassis. Not your typical buggy chassis. Two narrow square frame rails, and then a Corvair engine and huge rear suspension. The front has a dragster or hot rod type slim front axle. I found some pic on fb, and the page/link had lots of neat old pics of buggys and wild sand rails. So I got to thinking if this chassis had been used as a sand rail kit before. I have not thought about, or seen anything like it. It has four holes on the front part of the rails, where you might add some sort of floor pan. Am I out on a limb here...??


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Steve Harvey doesn't support Mimi Faust's decision to release a sex tape and cautions women to take more value in themselves.
"Stop thinking about right now, whatever little momentary 5 minutes of fame and little piece of little change it's going to put in your pocket," Steve said recently on his morning radio show. "Whatever money they put in your pocket, it's not going to be worth the hell that comes with it. It's not going to be worth your reputation. It ain't going to be worth your image. It ain't gonna be worth nothing as it lives in cyberspace forever."
The Think Like a Man author is known for dishing out relationship advice to women and he spoke specifically to mothers.
"You can't have a child and make decisions based on just you and every mother understands that. There's not a single mother out here that don't understand the sacrifices that have to be made as a single mother and the things you got to give up of yourself to provide for your children. When you're making these decisions out here, that you're going to make a sex tape," Steve advised.
Mimi, who has a daughter by fellow "Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta" star Stevie J, reportedly stands to earn about $100K for the tape, soon to be distributed by Vivid Entertainment. She hasn't had much to say about the video so far, but an Instagram image she recently posted read, "IF YOU DON'T PAY MY BILLS" and featured a woman with her finger over her lips in a "hush" pose.
While many celebrities state that they don't care what others think about the decisions they make, Steve suggested that should be a consideration.
"Please, you women out there. Think of yourself and your brand and your image. Think of what people will say about you when you're not around. Think about stuff people will say behind your back, what they'll say in your face, what you'll have to deal with the rest of your life," said Steve who then took his message to the pulpit.
Everything God made, He buried deep. He made it hard to get to. A pearl, you gotta dive to the bottom of the ocean. All his precious minerals are buried. Gold, you got to dig in the mine. Ain't no diamonds laying on the top of the ground. They don't grow like corn," he explained. "This thing that y'all sitting on, this thing that every man got to have, that precious jewel is in the most hidden place on your body. Think about that."
Hear more of Steve's words of wisdom below.
You Might Also Like:


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CLAY CENTER – Early in our marriage while we eating a dinner Kathe had prepared I said, "Thanks for dinner, honey." She responded a little surprised so I followed up with, "You have taken the time to put it together and it tasted great so I think you deserve a thanks."
The Dominican Sisters of Peace will continue their "Movies with a Message" series this Friday evening with a film about the life of Hildegard von Bingen, a Benedictine nun. The movie will start at 6:15 p.m. in the auditorium in the Great Bend Motherhouse, 3600 Broadway Ave. A freewill donation is requested. Refreshments and discussion will follow the movie.
HOISINGTON - A "Holiday Fair" will be held at Hosington's Emmanuel Lutheran Church from 8 a.m. to 1 p.m. on Saturday, Nov. 17. The church is located at 1109 N Vine. Vendors will have food, crafts and other bazaar items available. Admission is $1 or one nonperishable food item which will all go to the Hoisington Food Bank.
The recent presidential campaign raised a lot of questions about the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, or Mormons. This week, the Great Bend LDS church at 5851 Eisenhower invites people to attend the Sunday service, which starts at 9:30 a.m. and lasts about 60 minutes.
Dominicans show movies with message
Yesterday, I watched the news story of the fire in the middle of the flood in New York City. It was amazing that such a destructive fire could function in the middle of a storm and flood. But, what really caught my attention was a statement that was made at the end of the story. "We are strong. We will rebuild." Why?
Hope Lutheran Church bazaar Friday, Nov. 2
Allen and Connie Parker from Fairbury, Neb., better known to southern gospel music fans as Lambwatchers Ministries, will join several other musical acts on stage today and/or Saturday, at the eighth annual Fall Gospel Sings Concerts. Music will be presented at no charge (freewill offerings will be accepted) from 7-9 tonight and 1-9 p.m. Saturday, Nov. 3, at Barton Community College's Fine Arts Auditorium.
The Trinity Lutheran Church Ladies Fellowship will host a roast beef dinner on Friday, Nov. 9, at Trinity Lutheran Church, 24th & Adams St., Great Bend.
ELLINWOOD - Cowboy Church is moving from the home of Healing Hearts Ranch Director Scott Stinemetz to Calvary Baptist Church, 307 West A, in Ellinwood, starting Nov. 7. Services will be every Wednesday at 7 p.m.
• Judgement House, a walk-through drama, will be held this Friday, Saturday and Sunday at Great Bend Church of the Nazarene. Hours are 6-10 p.m. Friday, 5-10 p.m. Saturday and 12:30-6 p.m. Sunday
Haskell and JoLee Cooley are among the singers scheduled to appear during the eighth annual Fall Gospel Sings Concert, Nov. 2-3 at Barton Community College's Fine Arts Auditorium. The public is invited to come to any of the free programs going on from 7-9 p.m. Saturday, Nov. 2, and 1-9 p.m. Sunday.
Members of Faith Community Church will share their hobbies, handiwork and businesses with the public at the church's first Business, Craft and Hobby Show.
JETMORE - Jetmore United Methodist Church will be the scene of "Journey to Bethlehem," on Dec. 8 and 9.
St. Bernard's announces 50th turkey dinner
Page 30 of 47
"To be the Church that God is calling us to be, we felt like we needed to create a space that would really connect with our kiddos," explained Rev. Josh Lue, senior minister at First Christian Church in Great Bend. " Our kids are now so excited about Sunday school they are dragging their parents, and not the other way around."
"There are a lot of hurting people in Great Bend," Central Kansas Dream Center Director Kimberly Becker said.
Sunday, May 31, First Congregational United Church of Christ rejoices with the installation of Julie Shields as their new pastor. For several years, Shields has ministered to members and friends with her gentle yet powerful message, that all children of God. Her installation will be part of the 10:30 a.m. worship service. Edith Guffey, United Church of Christ conference minister, will participate in the installation. All are welcome.
I was reading about a 5K race online today. It sounded wonderful, and promised runners in 100-plus cities a top of the line experience.
Heartland Farm, located in rural Pawnee Rock, will hold a "Farming and Spirituality" workshop, Aug. 21 and 22.
SEWARD - The Most Rev. John Balthasar Brungardt, bishop of the diocese of Dodge City, will officiate the Mass on Memorial Day, May 25, at St. Xavier Catholic Church in Seward. Bishop Brungardt will also install a first-class relic of Blessed Jose Luis Sanchez del Rio.
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text: Many of the articles featured in the Guide remain as relevant to parallel programmers today as they did when the Guide was first put together. Good parallel progarmming practice will always be good parallel programming practice. Even so, technology tools are changing at a steady pace, and we know that the Guide needs to keep up with those changes.


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For sale in our Detroit showroom is this cool classic 1985 Ford Mustang GT. With only 40001 actual miles this Mustang has barely been... More
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Vehicle to be offered for Auction sale WITHOUT RESERVE and SOLD to the highest bidder June 5th - 7th, 2015 at Russo and Steele's... More
1956 Colonial White Thunderbird with Fiesta Red and White Interior 3 TOPS Restored, Loaded with Options Sold New in San Jose, California, Purchased by Amos in Arizona.... More
957 Thunderbird "E" Series with dual 4's carbonation One of 1363 E codes reported produced New 2015 Professional Body off the frame restoration, just finished with... More
Few American cars command international respect like the cars of Shelby American Inc. Chief among those automobiles is Carroll Shelby's secretary's car turned race car, the... More
1965 Porsche 911 SC Cabriolet Full matching number car, 1 of 533, delivered March 8th, 1965. Specially equipped European delivery version. (Kopenhagen, Denmark) Including chrome headlight rings,... More
1960 Lotus Elite Series II Delivered August 8, 1960. Chassis number 1296, engine 8863. Restored 2011. This is a completely, correctly restored matching numbers example. ... More
This vehicle just arrived. A complete description is coming soon. Please call us for full details.... More
1984 Chevrolet Corvette. 23000 Original Miles! The Chevrolet Corvette (C4) is a sports car produced by the Chevrolet division of General Motors for the 1984... More
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text:
Learn more about Buddenbrooks:
Format: DVD
Manufacturer: E1
Sku: 212325783
Category Keywords: Families Period Piece
See more in Television
|Spanning several generations, this is the sweeping tale of the rise and fall of a wealthy german merchant family. Plagued by unsuccessful business decisions, disastrous marriages and personal tragedies, the buddenbrooks family finds themselves in danger of losing their fortune as well as their souls.
Cast & Crew
|Franz Peter Wirth - Screenwriter
|Thomas Mann - Source Writer
|Bernt Rothert - Screenwriter
|Hans Joachim Lange - Screenwriter
|Martin Benrath - Co-Star
|Ruth Leuwerik - Co-Star
|Gerd Bockmann - Co-Star
|Volker Kraeft - Co-Star
|Reinhild Sole - Co-Star
|Gernot Roll - Director of Photography
|Franz Peter Wirth - Director


text:
The Daily Mail says the new White Hart Lane manager, who resigned at Sevilla last night, has been told to start drawing up a list of targets for the January transfer window.
Tottenham are determined to give Ramos every opportunity to make an impression this season, and will match the amount they allowed departing manager Martin Jol to spend in what was to prove to be a wasteful summer of spending.
Ramos was expected to fly into Luton on a private jet in the early hours of this morning to be at White Hart Lane for tomorrow's match against Blackburn, and a hotel booking has even been made - although he will not officially take charge of the team until the Carling Cup encounter with Blackpool.
He went to Sevilla's Estadio Sanchez Pizjuan at 10.25pm last night to hand in his resignation. He was accompanied by fitness coach Marcos Alvarez, who also resigned and will join Ramos at White Hart Lane.
He will sign a four-year contract worth a staggering £90,000 a week after quitting Spain and finally agreeing to join Tottenham in the wake of Jol's departure on Thursday night.
Spurs chairman Daniel Levy, who is still negotiating a payoff with Jol's lawyers on the remainder of his £1.75 million-a-year salary, is expected to announce officially Ramos's arrival ahead of tomorrow's home match with Blackburn.
Ramos took his Sevilla players for training yesterday morning ahead of tomorrow's game with Valencia before holding talks with club president Jose Maria del Nido and sporting director Ramon Rodriguez Verdejo.
But Del Nido confirmed Ramos's departure last night.
It means that the coach can begin his 11th managerial appointment of his career as early as Monday.


text:
Meet Kent Katich, yoga guru of the NBA
Originally Published: January 29, 2010By Maria Burns Ortiz | Special to Page 2
LOS ANGELES -- Baron Davis shifts from one yoga pose to another as Kent Katich, the Clippers' "yoga coach," guides the veteran guard through a pregame routine in the Staples Center locker room.
Yes, the Clippers have a yoga coach. It's the kind of thing that might raise eyebrows elsewhere, but hey, it's Hollywood. Isn't everyone into those kinds of things out here? You know, drinking wheatgrass, driving Priuses, doing yoga.
Of course, this is still the NBA, in which ...
Read full story
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i've just noticed that for me the screen-images shown on plex/web for now playing are not in sync with watching the movie.
from estimating i'd say they are 1.5 - 2 mins behind. I've just finished watching a tv episode and on plex web the screen was still showing shorts from around a minute before.
does this happen for anyone else or am i the only one affected by this?


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For the second time in as many weeks, ISIS has claimed it's behind a deadly attack on a Shiite mosque in eastern Saudi Arabia.
The latest happened shortly after noon (5 a.m. ET) Friday outside the Imam Hussein mosque in Dammam, a coastal city about 70...
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Soon after announcing the launch of a "deferred action" program to suspend immigration enforcement actions against qualifying individuals who came to the U.S. as children, the White House and the Department of Homeland Security ("DHS") started to issue clarifying interpretations related to the elements needed for qualification.
Both the White House and DHS have made it clear that eligible participants in the deferred action program cannot have been convicted of a felony offense, a significant misdemeanor, or multiple misdemeanors. Qualified participants cannot otherwise pose a threat to national security either.
But when has someone been "convicted of a felony offense?" To determine the answer, one must look at what constitutes a felony, for purposes of the "deferred action" program, and what constitutes a conviction.
According to DHS, a "felony" includes any federal, state or local criminal offense that is punishable by imprisonment for a term of more than one year.
A felony "conviction" includes any negotiated guilty plea with or without a trial, as well as any sentence decided by a judge or jury after trial. But it does not include a mere arrest or even a charge for committing a felony where that charge has been dropped prior to trial, or where a judge or jury has rendered a finding of "not guilty" on that charge, or where an appellate judge has reversed or vacated a conviction.
If you are an individual in need of immigration assistance, do not hesitate to contact our office for an appointment to speak with a qualified immigration lawyer at (847) 564-0712. You can also check out our immigration law Website for more information on how we might assist you in any of a variety of ways.
DISCLAIMER: Because of the generality of this update, the information provided herein may not be applicable in all situations and should not be acted upon without specific legal advice based on particular situations.
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Fire officials in Truckee, Calif., and the Placer County Sheriff's Office lifted on Thursday the voluntary evacuation order in Serene Lakes after finishing with the propane-leak cleanup. Leaks might still exist, however, as some propane systems in the neighborhood are still covered with snow, officials said.
View Full Article in:Sacramento Bee (Calif.) (free registration), The


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Photos: Tom Casino / SHOWTIME - Carl Froch (left) and Jermain Taylor face off after the weigh-in. The four world-class boxers who will fight tomorrow /Saturday, April 25, on SHOWTIME (9 p.m. ET/PT, delayed on the west coast) made weight Friday at Mashantucket, Conn.
In what will be a close, competitive, hotly contested match, Froch defends his WBC super middleweight title against former undisputed middleweight champion Taylor in the main event on SHOWTIME CHAMPIONSHIP BOXING.
The undefeated Froch (24-0, 19 KOs), of Nottingham, England, weighed 167 pounds Friday.
Taylor (28-2-1, 17 KOs), of Little Rock, Ark. weighed 166 pounds..
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text: Phenomenex is a global technology leader committed to developing novel analytical chemistry solutions that solve the separation and purification challenges of researchers in industrial, clinical, government and academic laboratories. From drug discovery and pharmaceutical development to disease diagnosis, food safety and environmental analysis, Phenomenex – more... chromatography solutions accelerate science and help researchers improve global health and well-being. – less – More from ZoomInfo »


text:
Add extra features and styles to make Thunderbird your own.Close
|User since
|February 14, 2012
|Number of add-ons developed
|0 add-ons
|Average rating of developer's add-ons
|Not yet rated
Trust me, if you learn how to use this addon smoothly, you'd be surprised.
This is very useful for people who need emoji and funny gifs :D
One suggestion, when I open the gif section it kinda lagged pretty much, and I have to wait until it's done loading. Can you fix this? Or include some other options to prevent this.
Would be better if there's more option like, sort by link and etc.
It would be better if we could set a specific number for the tab width (should be limited to the maximum range, like 100px by Firefox's default) rather than ticking a provided option.
On the other side, this add-on is helpful for many people like me that always need necessary stuffs on our browser.
I always love the addons that could make Firefox tidier, more compact and give me more space to read the web page!
But there's a little thing, or feature that I want to have within this addon. Can we have, like, a little option to turn off the animation when I hover my mouse at the top of Firefox's window? I want it to appear instantly!
I tested this add-on for sometimes and...
Everytime I go to Youtube.com, then left click > The add-on works.
Otherwise, I go to Youtube, then open a video with a new tab > The add-on didn't works/appears. Same as when I open a youtube link from other site.
Is it just me or something ? I'm feel like some kind of inconvenient... But anw, I love this add-on !
Sometimes the add-on don't work. I need to reload the page for it to appears.This review is for a previous version of the add-on (0.977.1-signed).
Just a very nice speed dial !!!!!!This review is for a previous version of the add-on (18.104.22.168-signed).
Nothing more to comment \m/
To create your own collections, you must have a Mozilla Add-ons account.


text:
What is it?
Citroen's take on the saloon market, and one which deserves a bit more recognition than it gets. it looks great for starters, and is now much more robust inside and out.
in some ways, the C5's strongest point. The engines are all very quiet and the 2.0-litre HDI is the pick of the bunch. The C5 also wafts along nicely. But the steering is way too vague and the handling is sloppy.
On the inside
Unlike some rivals, you can't get this as a hatchback, which limits its practicality a bit. But the build quality is good, and the dash looks OK.
As ever, you'd have to be a little crazy buying one new. The residuals still aren't great, despite the c5 now being a much more robust car than any predecessors. The eco-diesel engine is good for company car tax drivers as it's so clean.