text:
The present invention is directed to a mobility management protocol for supporting real-time and non-real-time multimedia applications on mobile stations of third generation internet protocol (3G-IP) networks. The present invention utilizes as well as extends the session initiation protocol (SIP) to provide for domain hand-off (i.e., roaming) and subnet hand-off (i.e., macro-mobility) so that users can access the network from any location using their own mobile station as they roam across different 3G-IP networks. The present invention supports mobile transmission control protocol (TCP) applications without modifying TCP. More specifically, disclosed herein is: a novel use of the SIP INVITE method for IP address binding; a novel use of the SIP INFO method to provide a means of profile verification and IP address binding; a novel use of the SIP REGISTER method to allow a SIP registrar to obtain a new IP address from a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server on behalf of the mobile; and an inventive entity called a SIP_EYE Agent that maintains a record of ongoing TCP connections and releases within the mobile.
1. A method for monitoring and tracking all TCP connections of a mobile station in a SIP-compliant network having a plurality of nodes and mobile stations, said method comprising the steps of a SIP-EYE agent:
monitoring session set-up and disconnect messages of said TCP connections, and
creating and keeping a data structure for each of said TCP connections for the mobile station, each data structure comprising:
(a) an original IP address of said mobile station,
(b) a previous IP address of said mobile station,
(c) a current IP address of said mobile station, and
(d) and original IP address of a corresponding host node;
wherein said original IP address of said mobile station is the IP address of said mobile station at the beginning of the TCP connection, said previous IP address of said mobile station is the last address just before the current IP address of said mobile station and, said original IP address of said corresponding host node is the IP address of said corresponding host node at the beginning of the TCP connection; and
using said data structure by said SIP-EYE agent to monitor and track connections in said TCP network.
This patent application is a non-provisional counterpart to, and claims the benefit of priority of provisional application Ser. No. 60/160,968, which was filed on Oct. 22, 1999 and entitled Method and System for Host Mobility Management Protocol.
The present invention relates generally to networks and more specifically to a mobility management protocol for supporting real-time and non-real-time multimedia services on an end-to-end wireless/wireline Internet Protocol (IP) network that uses third generation wireless systems/technologies. Hereinafter, such a wireless network will also be referred to as a 3G-IP network.
This glossary contains terms used in this specification. The terms and their associated definitions are derived from the following Internet Engineering Task Force Memos and/or Requests for Comments (RFC): SIP: Session Internet: protocol (RFC 2443); The SIP INFO Method; SDP: Session Description Protocol (RFC 2131); IP Encapsulation within IP (RFC 2003); and Minimal Encapsulating within IP (RFC 2004). Each of the foregoing documents is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference. The reader is urged to look to this glossary if any term used in the specification is unclear. The reader is also encouraged to reference the appropriate RFC or Memo for a more detailed explanation of all terms used herein.
Client: an application program that sends SIP requests. Clients may or may not interact directly with a human user. User agents and proxies contain clients (and servers).
CONTACT: a field in the header of SIP request or response messages. The REGISTER request message may contain a CONTACT header field; future non-REGISTER requests for the URL given in the To header field should be directed to the IP address(es) given in the CONTACT header field. If a REGISTER request message does not contain a CONTACT header, the registration remains unchanged.
Driving the trend towards 3G-IP wireless networks are users' demand for perpetual ubiquitous access to the Internet, rapid proliferation of mobile Internet units, and providers' desire for deploying a flexible wireless and wireline IP platform that supports heterogeneous services economically. Furthermore, the current wisdom is that the existing circuit-switched and first and second generation (1G/2G) wireless systems will eventually evolve and merge into an end-to-end IP platform that provides ubiquitous real-time (e.g., voice, video) as well as non-real-time (e.g., email) services. In a nutshell, it is envisioned that an end-to-end wireless/wireline IP platform comprising 3G wireless access networks and a wireline IP backbone will support real-time and non-real-time multimedia services in the future. Thus, supporting roaming users is an essential feature of the end-to-end signaling and control system of IP networks.
A 3G-IP network is a wireless platform that enables a mobile user's IP compliant terminal to access multimedia services on the network. The network is 1) built upon the packet mode capabilities of the 3G wireless technologies; 2) supports mobile real-time and non-real-time services such as mobile telephony, mobile web access, and mobile data services; 3) provides means of global roaming; 4) offers intelligent services (e.g., call forwarding, etc.) similar to those of today's intelligent networks; 5) strives to ensure that the quality (and price) of their service offerings will be comparable to those of today's wireless telephony and data services; and 6) is built upon enhancements of the current Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standards to the extent possible so that the design and development cycle is minimized.
Among the key issues in the design of the signaling and control system of 3G-IP networks are how to 1) support terminal as well as personal (i.e. user mobility; 2) satisfy the quality of service (QoS) requirements of services, particularly those of real-time applications for roaming users; 3) ensure privacy and security of the users as well as the network resources; 4) perform billing and accounting; and 5) maintain smooth interworking with the public switched telephone network (PSTN) and its 1G/2G wireless access networks.
The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a protocol for set-up and termination of multimedia as well as telephone sessions on the Internet. A SIP address is similar to an e-mail address. It identifies a user as user@host, where the "user" is a user name and the "host" is a domain name. SIP provides several methods (or messages) and responses for session control by SIP entities.
SIP provides a means is of signaling for supporting internet telephony and multicast multimedia conferences on the Internet. It uses a number of methods to initiate signaling tasks and a number of responses to indicate the success or failure. SIP methods include INVITE, REGISTER, ACK, BYE, CANCEL, OPTIONS, and INFO. SIP responses are distinguished by status codes. For instance, 1xx responses are used for progress update. 2xx codes for success, 3xx for redirection, 4xx for request failure, etc.
SIP has three entities, user agents, proxy servers and redirect servers. The SIP user agent sends SDIP messages upon user's request, receives and handles SIP messages from other SIP entities, and starts applications as necessary. A SIP proxy server relays SIP messages across the network using the domain name, while a SIP redirect server returns the location of the host rather than relaying the SIP message. Both SIP proxy and redirect servers accept registration requests containing the current locations of users from users (i.e., SIP user agents). The location can be stored either locally at the SIP server or at a dedicated location server, referred to as a SIP register. This registration process enables the network to locate users even if they change their locations.
In its simplest form, SIP sets up a typical session or telephone call as follows:
If a caller's user agent utilizes a middleman, i.e. a SIP proxy server, the proxy server forwards the INVITE message to other proxy servers until it arrives at the callee's user agent, and when necessary, the SIP redirect servers locate the callee for a SIP user agent or a SIP proxy so that the INVITE message is forwarded to the appropriate callee's user agent.
SIP is advantageous because: 1) SIP is a lightweight end-to-end protocol with a small set of messages that can be used for user as well as network node signaling; 2) SIP uses a single request message for session initiation, and scales well over wide area networks; 3) SIP is more suitable for IP mobiles, enables mobiles to perform some intelligent networking functions themselves, and supports non-IP mobiles via a customer gateway; and 4) SIP provides a means of personal mobility that is a crucial part of mobility management in wireless environments.
However, despite its advantages, SIP itself does not provide a means for terminal mobility, which is also a critical part of mobility management in wireless environments. That is, a mobile SIP user cannot use his/her mobile terminal to communicate or maintain a current communication connection while roaming among networks.
The present invention utilizes SIP in a unique way to provide for terminal mobility, thus, enabling 1) the end user to use his/her mobile terminal/unit in any location to originate and receive calls and access a subscribed network in a transparent manner and 2) the network to maintain the user's ongoing communication as she/he roams across (radio) cells within the same subnet, and subnets within the same or different administrative domains. The present invention advantageously supports terminal mobility without the need for any special element within the network.
Therefore, in accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system, method and product for providing mobility support from a first IP network environment to a second IP network environment, comprising: assigning a personal identifier to a mobile user; associating the personal identifier to a mobile station; associating a first temporary IP address from the first environment with the personal identifier; receiving packets of data at the mobile station from a corresponding host wherein each of the packets of data further comprises a source IP address and a destination IP address, the destination IP address being the first temporary IP address and the source IP address being the IP address associated with the corresponding host; monitoring the mobile station to sense movement of the mobile station from the first environment to the second environment; associating a second temporary IP address from the second environment with the personal identifier; forwarding to the second temporary IP address packets of data having the first temporary IP address as the destination IP address; sending the second temporary IP address to the source IP address; and discontinuing forwarding of packets of data having the first temporary IP address as the destination IP address to the second temporary IP address.
In accordance with a second aspect of the present invention there is provided, in a third generation end-to-end wireless/wire-line IP network adapted to support mobility including a corresponding host node in a first SIP-compliant network environment, a system, method and product for forwarding transient data packets addressed to a mobile node from the corresponding host node, the mobile node having traveled from the first SIP-compliant network environment to a second SIP-compliant network environment, the method comprising: re-inviting the corresponding host node to the mobile node using SIP INVITE, creating a short lived tunnel between a first edge router and controller located within the first SIP-compliant network environment and a second edge router and controller located within the second SIP-compliant network environment using SIP INFO; forwarding the transient data packets to the mobile node via the tunnel; and discontinuing the forwarding of the data packets to the mobile node after a brief time-out period.
In accordance with a third aspect of the present invention there is provided, for use in a SIP-compliant network having a plurality of nodes, a SIP-EYE Agent The SIP-EYE Agent maintains a record of each of the ongoing connections, each record having associated therewith an original IP address of the mobile station, a previous IP address of the mobile station, a current IP address of the mobile station, and an original IP address of the corresponding host node; wherein the original IP address of the mobile station is the IP address of the mobile station at the beginning of the TCP connection, the previous IP address of the mobile station is the last IP address of the mobile station just before the current IP address of the mobile station, and the original IP address of the corresponding host node is the IP address of the corresponding host at the beginning of the TCP connection.
In accordance with a fourth aspect of the present invention there is provided, in a SIP-compliant network having a plurality of nodes, a system, method and product for reducing the time a mobile node takes to register and configure in a visiting environment when a mobile node travels from a first environment to the visiting network environment, comprising adding a registration/handoff option to the SIP REGISTER method, equipping a SIP registrar node with a DHCP client node and co locating the SIP registrar node with a DHCP server node to enable the SIP registrar node to assign an IP address to the mobile node thereby reducing IP address acquisition time.
In accordance with a fifth aspect of the present invention there is provided, in a SIP-compliant network having a plurality of nodes, a system, method, and product for reducing the time a mobile node takes to register and configure in a visiting environment when a mobile node travels from a first environment to the visiting network environment, further comprising replicating a profile of the mobile node in the visiting environment to reduce the authentication time of the mobile node.
In accordance with a sixth aspect of the present invention there is provided, in a SIP-compliant network having a plurality of nodes, a system, method and product to support IP address binding within the network, comprising augmenting a SIP INFO message with an instruction to bind a first IP address to a second IP address.
These and other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with regard to the following description, appended claims, and accompanying drawings.
Turning now to the drawings:
Referring more specifically to the drawings, for illustrative purposes the present invention is embodied in the system configuration, method of operation and product or computer-readable medium such as floppy disks, conventional hard disks, CD-ROMS, Flash ROMS, nonvolatile ROM, RAM and any other equivalent computer memory device, generally shown in
What follows is a brief overview of an end-to-end wireless/wireline 3G-IP network and its signaling architecture that serves as the foundation of the present invention.
A mobile station (MS) is a user's mobile terminal that allows the user to communicate. It also allows the mobile user to interact (i.e., signaling) with the network itself and with other mobile users.
A base station (BS) is an adaptive remote radio multiplexer/demultiplexer that provides physical and link layer functions and essentially serves as a MAC layer repeater. For example, programmable software radios can be used to provide flexibility across frequency bands at the mobile station and the base station.
A base station controller (BSC) is a multi-port bridge (or switch) within an IP interface to an edge router and controller that interacts with the network control and management system, via the edge router and controller, to control and manage base stations. A single base station controller may control one or more base stations. Within the base station controller is a label translation table that binds the mobile station's hardware or MAC addresses to the appropriate ports of the base station controller.
An edge router and controller (ERC) is an IP router that connects the wireless access network and the regional wireline IP network. In IP parlance, each edge router and controller is the default gateway of all IP mobile stations that are supported by the base station controller that are connected to it. Furthermore, it is worth noting that the functions of a base station controller and the functions of an edge router and controller may be implemented either in a single physical entity (shown as a dotted rectangle in
Signaling & MAAAQ entities provide connection management as well as means of interaction between users and network control system and interaction among network control entities. MAAAQ (Mobility, Authentication, Authorization, Accounting, and QoS) entities support mobility management, AAA, and QoS management functions for mobile users. These functional entities usually reside on the wireline backbone, and are part of the overall signaling and control system of the end-to-end platform. As
Assigned to each mobile station, corresponding host and edge router and controller is a SIP User Agent that interacts with the various SIP servers within a network. The overall SIP server 221, 224 of a particular regional IP network 205, 210 includes a set of Proxy Servers, Redirect Servers, and Registrars. The Proxy and Redirect Servers of the regional IP network perform the network control and signaling functions for the regional network. Like the Home/Visiting Location Registry (HLR/VLR) in today's wireless telephony, the Registrar represents the server (or set of servers) that accept(s) register requests (via the SIP REGISTER method) and provide(s) location services for the mobile station. The MAAAQ Entity 220, 225 is built on top of SIP and uses the location and signaling services of the SIP servers to support roaming users. It should be noted that the illustration of the MAAAQ entities and SIP server as a single module shall not be interpreted as a requirement for having a centralized SIP server or MAAAQ entity per regional network.
With the forgoing overview as backdrop, the discussion will now turn to the specifics of the present invention. The functions and requirements needed to support mobility in IP-based networks vary, depending on the application characteristics, the type of network, and the type of movement. However, essential functions include: Registration and Configuration, and Dynamic Address Binding.
Because many Internet applications that require a reliable service for the transport mechanism, e.g., the file transfer protocol (FTP), primarily use TCP, it is essential that TCP applications are supported by the present invention without the need to modify TCP. Registration allows roaming users to rapidly and automatically register their presence and requirements within networks. Configuration allows networks to automatically configure roaming users to the particular network characteristics. Dynamic Address Binding or alternatively stated, Mobility Support, allows a corresponding host to locate a roaming user and to allow continuous communication as the roaming user moves among networks.
Supporting TCP Applications
The present invention can spoof constant end points for mobile TCP connections and support mobile TCP applications without modifying TCP.
Although the fundamental abstraction of both SIP and TCP is the connection, they each identify it differently. A session/call ID identifies a SIP connection/session, while a pair of endpoints identifies a TCP connection. The TCP endpoint comprise a pair of integers (host, port) where the host is the IP address of the endpoint, and port is the TCP port on the host. As a mobile station roams, its IP address, i.e., the host integer of its TCP endpoint, changes. In order to support TCP applications properly, the present invention shall spoof constant TCP endpoints despite changes in their host integers (i.e., IP addresses) due to roaming. The spoofing process entails the following: 1) a mobile station informs a corresponding TCP host(s) about its new IP address, 2) the corresponding host(s) binds the initial (old) IP address of the mobile station with the new/temporary IP address assigned to the mobile station, and 3) the corresponding host(s) uses IP encapsulation to send any TCP packets that bear the initial source and destination IP address to the current location/IP address of the mobile station.
Preferably, the forgoing process can be implemented by an inventive entity that resides within the mobile station, hereinafter referred to as a SIP-EYE Agent 300, that tracks TCP connection set ups and releases within the mobile station, See
Generally stated, the function of the SIP_EYE Agent 300 is to: 1) Identify and track ongoing TCP connections of a mobile station, 2) Instruct the corresponding host(s) to bind the original IP address of the mobile station with the current IP address of the mobile station, and 3) Instruct the previous edge router and controller to bind the previous IP address of the mobile station with the current IP address of the mobile station. With respect to item 1 above, the SIP_EYE Agent tracks both the transmitted and received data TCP packets to create and update the list of ongoing TCP connections within the mobile station. It runs two concurrent monitoring and updating processes, one for tracking the transmitted packets, and the other for tracking the received ones. With respect to items 2 and 3 above, the SIP_EYE Agent plays a significant role in hand-off of TCP connections. This role has already been previously discussed in a prior section of the specification.
Specifically, the primary functions of the SIP_EYE Agent 300 include: 1) examining the headers of TCP packets to monitor the birth and death of TCP connections within the mobile station 1 as well as identify their endpoints, i.e., the source and destination IP addresses and port numbers of these connections; 2) maintaining a current record of the mobile station's ongoing TCP connections' identifiers, and the IP address of the current and last (i.e., most recent) edge router and controller (i.e., default gateways) within the mobile station's SIP User Agent. The SIP_EYE Agent records a state comprising four integers, <original mobile IP address, previous mobile IP address, current mobile IP address, original corresponding host IP address>, per TCP connection. The original IP address is the IP address of the mobile station at the beginning of the TCP session, the previous mobile IP address is the last IP address of the mobile station just before its current one, the current mobile IP address is the current IP address of the mobile and the original corresponding host IP address is the IP address of the corresponding host at the beginning of the TCP session; and 3) upon a mobile station's successful registration with a Visiting Network, sending a first INFO message (or set of messages) to the SIP_EYE Agent(s) of a corresponding host(s) requesting address binding of the original IP address of the mobile station to its current one, and a second INFO message to the previous edge router and controller requesting address binding of the previous host IP address to the new one. Thereafter, a short-lived tunnel is created specifically for the forwarding of transient data packets to the mobile station's current location. Thereafter, the corresponding host and the edge router and controller use IP encapsulation to forward the data packets to the mobile station's current location. The previous ERC discontinues forwarding of packets to the mobile station's current location after a certain time-out period.
The key advantage of this approach is that TCP stays as is, i.e. no modifications to TCP were necessary. Since the DHCP entities/host are expected to interact with DNS to dynamically update the name to IP address and IP address to name mappings, new TCP connections will be established using the current IP address of the mobile station.
The following pseudo-code describes the basic TCP tracking operation of the SIP_EYE Agent 300.
//SA: Source IP address of a packet.
//DA: Destination IP address of a packet.
//SYN: Synchronization bit.
//ACK: Acknowledgement field.
//FIN: Sender end of byte stream.
//The TX SIP_EYE Entity.
for(;;) {
Capture the header of transmitted TCP packets
Add a TCP entry as follows to a temporary label list;
original mobile IP address=SA;
previous mobile IP address=SA;
current mobile IP address=SA;
original corresponding IP address=DA;
else if (SYN=1 & ACK=1){
Move the TCP entry,
original mobile IP address=DA;
previous mobile IP address=DA;
current mobile IP address=DA;
original corresponding IP address=SA;
from the temporary label list to ongoing TCP connections list.
If such an entry does not exist in temporary list, it is an error.
else if {ACK=1 & FIN=1) {
delete the label,
original mobile IP address=SA;
previous mobile IP address=previous mobile IP address;
current mobile IP address=current IP address of the mobile;
original corresponding IP address=DA;
from the ongoing TCP connections list.
Registration and Configuration
SIP cannot support roaming. As the mobile station travels from its Home Network to a Visiting Network, the present invention uses one of two approaches to register and configure the mobile station. The first approach requires no extension and/or modifications to SIP. The second approach requires certain modifications and/or extensions to SIP.
The first approach uses three components, DHCP, SIP REGISTER and SIP INFO, to register and configure the mobile station. First, the mobile station requests a new IP address from a DHCP server. Second, the DHCP server assigns a temporary IP address to the mobile station. Third, the mobile station uses the SIP REGISTER method with its temporary IP address as CONTACT in the REGISTER method. If registration happens in the middle of an ongoing session (i.e., re-registration), then the Visiting Registrar of the Visiting Network has to authenticate the mobile station with the Home Registrar of the mobile station's Home Network.
Assuming that the processing time is negligible, the maximum registration time using this approach is equal to the sum of: the round trip delays of (mobile station-DHCP-mobile station)+the round trip delays of (mobile station-Visiting Registrar-mobile station)+the round trip delays of (Visiting Registrar-Home Registrar-Visiting Registrar). The first term, (mobile-DHCP-mobile), represents the time it takes to get an IP address; and the second term, (mobile station-Visiting Registrar-mobile station), together with the third term, (Visiting Registrar-Home Registrar-Visiting Registrar) represent the time it takes to register and configure the mobile station. Accordingly, the registration and configuration time comprises the amount of time the mobile station interacts with the SIP registrar as well as the time it takes the Visiting Registrar to communicate with the Home Registrar in order to authenticate the mobile.
In order to reduce the impact of roaming on the performance of interactive real-time services, it is essential to minimize the time it takes a mobile station to register with and be configured for a Visiting Network. This can be achieved in two ways, either alone or in combination: 1) minimizing the mobile authentication time and/or 2) minimizing IP address acquisition time. The second approach to registration and configuration of a roaming mobile station, described later in this specification, is directed to an approach to minimizing IP address acquisition time.
In minimizing mobile station authentication time, mobile authentication can be expedited through replicating a mobile station's profile in networks that are most likely to be visited by the mobile. This profile replication reduces the registration time by a (Visiting Registrar-Home Registrar-Visiting Registrar) round trip.
The second approach to registration and configuration of a roaming mobile equips the SIP registrar with DHCP functions so that IP address acquisition time is reduced. Restated again here, in order to reduce the impact of roaming on the performance of interactive real-time services, it is essential to minimize the time it takes a mobile station to register with and be configured for a Visiting Network. This can be achieved in two ways, either alone or in combination: 1) minimizing the mobile authentication time and/or 2) minimizing IP address acquisition time. As previously stated, mobile authentication can be expedited through replicating a mobile station's profile in networks that are most likely to be visited by the mobile user.
With respect to reducing IP address acquisition time, realization of this approach requires the modification of the SIP REGISTER method so that if the CONTACT field is set to a default registration/hand-off (RHO) value, the SIP registrar shall request an IP address for the mobile station. The SIP registrar shall also be equipped with a DHCP client and shall be co-located with a DHCP server to also allow the SIP registrar to assign an IP address to a mobile station. Hence, the SIP registrar shall request an IP address for the mobile station and subsequently assign the proffered and accepted IP address to the mobile station.
Assuming negligible processing time, the maximum registration time equals the sum of the round trip (mobile station-Visiting Registrar-mobile station) and round trip (Visiting Registrar-Home Registrar-Visiting Registrar) delays. Stated again, a profile replication method may be used to eliminate the round trip delay (Visiting Registrar-Home Registrar-Visiting Registrar) involved in authentication.
The SIP registrar informs the mobile station about its new IP address exactly the way DHCP normally does. Accordingly, the TCP/IP or UDP/IP software would accept and forward (to the IP layer) any data packets delivered to the mobile station's hardware address before its IP address is configured. The SIP registrar may use the limited broadcast IP address to force the IP layer to broadcast the registrar's response on the subnet so that it is delivered to the mobile station's hardware address before the TCP(UDP)/IP software of the mobile is configured. If mobiles can accept hardware unicast datagrams before their TCP(UDP)/IP software are configured, the registrar may use this capability to deliver the mobile station's new/temporary IP address.
Mobility Support Via Dynamic Address Binding
The present invention uses/extends SIP to provide for mobility support. Mobility support involves re-invitation and tunneling via IP address binding. Mobility support primarily consists of two functions: 1) Location service, i.e., locating mobile users in response to new incoming session requests, and 2) Hand-off, i.e., ensuring soft hand-off as the mobile user roams across subnets and/or domains.
Given the situation where a mobile user has moved to a new location when a corresponding host initiates a session with the mobile station, the present invention sets up the session as follows: 1) the corresponding host invites the mobile station; 2) a SIP redirect server informs the corresponding host that the mobile station has moved to a new or temporary IP address; 3) the corresponding host re-invites the mobile station at the new IP address; and 4) a session is set up between the corresponding host and mobile station and data packet transfer between the two begins.
The present invention also ensures a smooth hand-off when a mobile station moves to a new location during an ongoing session with a corresponding host. In doing so, the present invention re-establishes a new session between the corresponding host and the mobile station at its new location and creates a short-lived tunnel for forwarding any transient packet data generated during the hand-off to the mobile station's new location. When the mobile station moves to a new location during an ongoing session with a corresponding host, the mobile re-registers with the SIP Registrar using either of the registration methods previously described and obtains a new IP address. With a new IP address in hand, a new session with the same session ID is created between the corresponding host and the mobile station.
Note: the exact sequence of SIP OK responses from the previous edge router and controller, the corresponding host's User Agent and the SIP_EYE Agent to their counterparts depend on the round trip delay between these entities as well as the network traffic these messages encounter as they traverse the network.
Method of Operation
Referring to
Referring generally to
Cell Hand-off
Referring to
Subnet Hand-off
The present invention supports subnet hand-off (i.e., micro-mobility) during a communication session. Referring to
The present invention supports roaming (i.e. domain-mobility) during a communication session between a mobile station 1 and a corresponding host or hosts 2. Referring to
In summary, the requirements for supporting hand-off are the following: 1) the SIP User Agent shall be equipped with a SIP_EYE Agent that tracks TCP connection; 2) the SIP_EYE Agent shall maintain a state comprising the <original mobile IP address, previous mobile IP address, current mobile IP address, original corresponding IP address> per TCP connection; 3) the SIP User Agent shall keep the IP address of the last default gateway (i.e., previous ERC before hand-off); 4) the SIP User Agent shall understand IP address binding INFO messages and take necessary actions; 5) the SIP INFO method shall support IP address bindings, i.e., understand a "Bind [address1] to [address2]" instruction in the method message body.
Having now described a preferred embodiment of the invention, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the foregoing is illustrative only and not limiting, having been presented by way of example only. All the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same purpose, and equivalents or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. Therefore, numerous other embodiments of the modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereto.
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
Referenced by
Legal Events
Original Image


text:
With its cramped presentation the first glance of the game is pretty... useless! But once you get the idea of the puzzles and you're into exploring the 'huge' map by defeating the opponents it's... ADDICTIVE!
Finished the game in a few days and loved it. After completing the main story line (red quests) there is still plenty to do. I'll still be busy with this game now and then in the future I guess. :)

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Latest Biblical archaeology Stories
Jaffa is the world's oldest documented port. Since the 2nd millennium BC, Jaffa has seen intense trading activity. Jaffa, or Yafo, is on the coast of Israel between Caesarea and Gaza, about 60 km northwest of Jerusalem.
A rare bronze signet ring with the impression of the face of the Greek sun god, Apollo, has been discovered at Tel Dor, in northern Israel, by University of Haifa diggers.
A rare and surprising archaeological discovery at Tel Dor: A gemstone engraved with the portrait of Alexander the Great was uncovered during the 2009 season of excavations.
The earliest known Hebrew text written in a Proto-Canaanite script has been discovered by Hebrew University archaeologists in an ancient city in the area where David slew Goliath.
Did the Bible's King David and his son Solomon control the copper industry in present-day southern Jordan? Though that remains an open question, the possibility is raised once again by research reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
By Corinne Heller RAMAT RACHEL, Israel (Reuters) - Archaeologists in Israel have unearthed an ancient water system which was modified by the conquering Persians to turn the desert into a paradise.
- A young chicken: also used as a pet name for children.


text:
someone said i look like a dad is it true
someone said i look like a dad is it true
those sunglasses are horrendous moogles no offense
doin it right
lose ourselvesalong the way
no it's ok my father was like "here have these sunglasses I don't need them anymore and it's sunny outside" and I was like hmmmm
let's take a selfie
apparently these sunglasses make me look like a father.
I think you look good with or without those shades moogles
but ya I think you could pass off for a dad
This is me at a hockey game in Lafayette, Louisiana. It is me in the bottom left.
I'm cis and straight, April Fools.
Hmmmm well then, I'll try a different one. Let me know if it works!!!!!
Last edited by Taylor516; 13th May 2014 at 1:48 AM.
yeah although I named her Eris
Doublade has been claimed by me
*Credit goes to Astral Shadow for the awesome banners*
Join My Pokemon Conquest RP {Open spots:Pugilis (Fighting), Terrera (Ground), Cragspur (Rock), Spectra (Ghost)}
Moogles you're a cutiepie <3
moot you're a loser
Pesky Persian you're beautiful <3
changed it selfie game kind of alright today
Last edited by Tiffany; 14th May 2014 at 12:14 AM.
Me after an exchange (sorority+fraternity function) o hai.jpg Feel free to laugh at me and my jew nose.
Last edited by KantoPkmnMaster; 13th May 2014 at 8:33 PM.
718/718 Pokemon caught as of 4/13/14
Pokemon X FC: 2638-0594-6140
Serebii.net Claims:
-The Drill Pokemon, Nidoking


text:
Description: http://www.youtube.com/user/caltexrecordsmusic?feature=mhee#g/phttp://www.caltexrecords.comSheila Old Songs, Sheila Iranian Music, Sheila Persian Music, Sheila 2011, Sheila 2012 Persian Music
Sheila - Bavaram Kon | شیلا - باورم کن - Download MP3 music or MP4 video:
Watch Video OnlineDownload MP3 Download Video
Are you the owner of this convertable material and do you want to disable the conversion of your media on clip.dj? Then you can request a conversion block for this video.
http://www.youtube.com/user/caltexrecordsmusic?feature=mhee#g/p http://www.caltexrecords.com Sheila Old Songs, Sheila Iranian Music, Sheila Persian Music, Sh...
http://www.youtube.com/user/caltexrecordsmusic?feature=mhee#g/p http://www.caltexrecords.com Sheila Old Songs, Sheila Iranian Music, Sheila Persian Music, Sh...
Amir Salesi - Bavaram Kon ahange besiyar ghashango ghamgin be nameh Amir Salesi "Bavaram Kon" Amir Salesi - Bavaram Kon Video By: Sev & Tadeh.
Bavaram Kon Music Video By Majid Nemati.
All Songs, Click the link bellow http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/savage-heart-single/id505791238.
Singer: Majid Directed By: Arshiya Written By: Shahram Farshid.
This is a song written and performed by Sargon and dedicated to Monalisa Lazarof, Mrs Iran 2008. Lyrics by Paul Benjamin and production and Guitar by Joe DiB...
New Video from Farzaneh,s Zendegi CD.
my song!!
nice music of shohreh solati.
Nima NOTE Director: siavash shiroodi STUDIO DEXT.
Hey guys! clip.dj is an easy online tool to convert videos from YouTube, Dailymotion and Vimeo to high quality MP3 music or MP4 video files. Important: You must agree to our terms of service before using this web application! Have fun! ;)
How it works: Go to YouTube and find a video you want to download, copy its URL (like http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MkviQTo67FM) into the text field at the top of this page and press "Go".
Check out the charts if you wanna know what's hot.
Drag the bookmarklet above to your browser toolbar, so you can download your MP3s and MP4s fast and comfortly by pressing on this bookmarklet whenever you're browsing YouTube.
Another awesome shortcut: whenever you're on YouTube just enter the two letters "xd" before the video URL and press enter: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MkviQTo67FM => http://www.xdyoutube.com/watch?v=MkviQTo67FM ;)


text:
I don't see anything inherently imprecise about 2x3" sheet film. It's on a thicker base than rollfilm and has no curl, so those are advantages, plus you have the advantage of individual control of development, if that's important to you.
Linhof rollfilm backs have excellent flatness, but they're also heavy and bulky. If you're shooting a lot of exposures, a rollfilm back is more compact, but for relatively few exposures, sheet film may be lighter or more compact.
For my 2x3" Technika, I have rollfilm backs, regular holders, and Grafmatics. Usually I use a higher speed rollfilm for handheld rangefinder shots, slower sheet film for shooting view-camera style on a tripod. I also use rollfilm for color.


text:
This is an extremely rare Cartier date watch in stainless steel from the 1950s. It has a beautiful original dial with blue numerals. The crown mechanism is quite unique and controls the watch...
- Loading...
Other things you might Fancy
Added to these lists
Recently Fancy'd by
- bouda_djamel pote Follow
- hanhan kakapoodle Follow
- natalcorinne corinnenatal Follow
- É emandon Follow
- Louis Inghilterra Follow
- Jonathan Cole Colejr2001 Follow
- Andrew Wilson theawkwardotter Follow
- SA Stubacca77 Follow
- Yishuihan yishuihan Follow
- Brandon brandonthomas7 Follow
- ale Lam0lina Follow
- Lorenzo Mercati lorenzo123cacca Follow


text:
MPTV, Yuletide Faire, Glory Fine Craft Show get crafty with holiday shopping
Well-thought-out, one-of-a-kind gifts get remembered and appreciated. And the gift-givers can have a lot of fun looking for them at holiday craft fairs. Here are a couple taking place next weekend:
The 25th Annual Yuletide Faire on Saturday at Prairie Hill Waldorf School, N14 W29143 Silvernail Road, Pewaukee, is a medieval-themed fair. Shoppers will be entertained by strolling minstrels and a marionette show. Meet the Muffin Man, Pocket Lady and Pickle Man. There will be crafts for the younger visitors to try while the adults take part in the silent auction or visit the sweet shop. The fair is open from 9 a.m. to 8 p.m.; admission is $5 for adults, $2 for children ages 2 to 15 and free for toddlers. »Read Full Article
Milwaukee Bucks unveil new Robert Indiana-inspired floor
The Milwaukee Bucks are putting their hometown at the center of home court, with a giant M flanking each side of the midcourt line on a newly unveiled, art-inspired floor.
The Bucks unveiled the design for their new floor Tuesday evening at the Milwaukee Art Museum. It is inspired by Pop artist Robert Indiana's much-beloved 1977 MECCA floor. »Read Full Article(78)
Who won, lost in Time Warner-Journal Broadcast battle?
Vince Lombardi may or may not have really said winning isn't everything, it's the only thing.
But in a world where that sentiment is regarded as valid, the questions must be asked: Who won, and lost, in the battle between Time Warner Cable and Journal Broadcast Group? »Read Full Article(32)
Homosexuals get a bad rap
While Mister Cee is one of the most influential DJs in the hip-hop industry, he feared how he'd be accepted if it was ever discovered that he has sex with other men. Now he knows.
Cee, who spent 20 years as a DJ with Hot 97 in New York, knew that the hip-hop industry is hypocritical on its views of homosexuality. Amid lingering rumors and after being outed by a cross-dresser a few weeks ago, Cee was forced out of the closet. A female artist who is bisexual or gay will generally be accepted, but such an admission from a male artist could doom his career. »Read Full Article(14)
Quasimondo blends myth, humanity, lake view in 'Bacchanalia'
"Bacchanalia" — the latest ambitious and imaginative offering from Quasimondo Milwaukee Physical Theatre — begins outside at Villa Terrace Decorative Arts Museum, where audience members are treated to a stunning view of Lake Michigan as the sun goes down.
While audience members are being served pita, hummus, olives and cheese, Thomas Moore serenades them on a host of Near Eastern instruments. »Read Full Article
Drake; Willie Nelson; Elton John; Icona Pop; Kings of Leon and more
Elton John
The Diving Board »Read Full Article
Stage legend Elaine Stritch to attend screening at Milwaukee Film Festival
Broadway legend Elaine Stritch will be on a different kind of center stage this week: She'll be at the screening of "Elaine Stritch: Shoot Me" at the 2103 Milwaukee Film Festival.
Stritch will be at the screening at 7 p.m. Sunday at the Oriental Theatre, 2230 N. Farwell Ave. »Read Full Article
Those Hip-Hop Guys' film festival picks
The 5th annual Milwaukee Film Festival begins this Thursday and there are over 200 films to choose from. Jank and I have spent minutes upon minutes searching through all of them to bring you our favorites and some must-sees. If you are looking for some good music films, a couple randoms and a cool opening night party, this guide is for you.
This film festival has been growing larger every year and it's becoming a staple event for the beginning of fall each year in Milwaukee. Make sure you get out and support, because if you're like me, this might be the only time of year to catch some movies you actually want to see. No, I don't care about Ironman. Sorry. I'm not sorry. »Read Full Blog Post
On Tap Today: Free outdoor show with Bad Boy
Local rock band Bad Boy, featuring frontman Xeno (pictured above) returns to the Big Gig grounds tonight for a free show. Journal Sentinel photo by Rick Wood. »Read Full Blog Post


text:
SAN DIEGO, April 27 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- Orexigen(R) Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: OREX), a biopharmaceutical company focused on the treatment of obesity, today announced that Michael C. Scaife, Ph.D., has joined the organization as Senior Vice President of Regulatory Affairs and Product Development, Contrave(R) Program.
"Michael brings to Orexigen over 26 years of solid experience in biotechnology and pharmaceutical product development, including 15 successful product approvals by the FDA," said Michael Narachi, the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer. "His appointment is timely as our foremost priority is to submit to the FDA the highest quality NDA and bring Contrave, our lead obesity product candidate, to market expeditiously."
In his role, Dr. Scaife will lead the development of Contrave (naltrexone sustained release (SR)/bupropion SR), which is on track for submission to the FDA in the first half of 2010. "I'm thrilled to join the Orexigen team, and I believe my development and regulatory experience will be invaluable as the Company works to help fill a significant unmet need in the fight against obesity," said Dr. Scaife.
Dr. Scaife has worked in leadership roles for a variety of device, drug and biopharma companies in both Europe and the United States. Prior to joining Orexigen, Dr. Scaife was Principal of MChS Consultancy Inc., a leading pharmaceutical development services agency. He also served as Senior Vice President of Global Regulatory Affairs, Pharmacovigilance and Drug Safety, Drug Information Services, Compliance and Quality Operations at Chiron Biopharma. In addition, Dr. Scaife held the position of Vice President of Quality and Regulatory Affairs for Nektar Therapeutics, Vice President of Global Regulatory Affairs for Elan Pharmaceuticals, and various regulatory an
|SOURCE Orexigen Therapeutics, Inc.
Copyright©2009 PR Newswire.
All rights reserved


text:
Top infoTECH News
Software News
Hardware News
Security News
Networking News
infoTECH Editor's Pick
infoTECH Awards
What's Hot in Information Technology?
infoTECH Services
infoTECH Media Kit
Application Deployment
Cloud Contact Center
Data Management
Power Protection
Software Licensing
Software Monetization
infoTECH News
[May 29, 2014]
BuzzBehind(TM) Redefines eCommerce Buzz With 'Amplified Recommendation Marketing(TM)'
(Marketwire Via Acquire Media NewsEdge) SILICON VALLEY, CA -- (Marketwired) -- 05/29/14 -- A group of serial entrepreneurs with ties and experience in Silicon Valley today announced the launch of BuzzBehind�, the first "Amplified Recommendation Marketing�" company to leverage and monetize the value of the consumer recommendation in the digital marketplace. By allowing a consumer to recommend products automatically and seamlessly through their favorite social media networks -- and receive adequate and fair compensation accordingly -- BuzzBehind amplifies the visceral power of the recommendation to create an authentic marketing buzz behind virtually any digital product -- such as music, eBooks, games, apps, and coupons.
"BuzzBehind is positioned to deliver an entirely new shift in the eCommerce paradigm with Amplified Recommendation Marketing," said Jon Bender, CEO and president of BuzzBehind. "Simply put, Amplified Recommendation Marketing states that a consumer's recommendation is so valuable in today's marketplace that the consumer should be adequately and fairly compensated and/or tangibly appreciated when they give it, rather than be expected to volunteer their recommendation for free. It's far more effective than even the most sophisticated tracking advertising, which has evolved into a background of ubiquitous white noise. Furthermore, since recommendations aren't posted anonymously to a website, but are being made more public and viral through an individual's social media channels, their integrity and authenticity are secured. After all, who wants to spam their friends?" BuzzBehind's unique business structure utilizes a global affiliate community of social media entrepreneurs to amplify the power of its recommendation marketing platform, creating the potential for unprecedented viral exposure of digital content. The way it works is simple. A BuzzBehind affiliate sends a prospect to BuzzBehind's expanding marketplace of digital content. The prospect shops around and chooses content they would like to sample or have. After reviewing the sample, prospective customers can purchase the product, or be compensated for the value of their recommendation by receiving a free copy of the product in exchange for agreeing to promote it to their own social media connections using the BuzzBehind automated platform.
The responsible BuzzBehind affiliate who referred the new customer gets a commission when a purchase is made or even if a sample is downloaded -- thanks to BuzzBehind's unique financial model. Similarly, the creator of the content, who is being promoted using BuzzBehind's platform and marketplace at no cost, gets paid a royalty commission from any cash sale. In addition to free enrollment and royalty commissions, content creators receive a free list of all prospects that downloaded the sample of their work or purchased it using either money or the value of their viral recommendation. Capturing customer data is common for eCommerce, but sharing it with original content providers is unique. This is a significant change from how current eCommerce is done and gives content creators a powerful tool for promoting future products, while helping customers stay up to speed with new releases from their favorite artist, writer, or business coupon or promotion.
"What makes BuzzBehind different from other digital eCommerce sites is that any of the products/offers within its expanding marketplace of digital content can be paid for with the value of one's recommendation, or social currency," added Bender. "As a content creator, it just makes sense to let a customer use the value of their social currency to either purchase or promote your product, allowing you to get paid in both sales and a virally growing list of those who love your product enough to recommend it socially. It provides a no-cost way of accessing the global marketplace with their work, delivering visibility that is hard to achieve on large eCommerce sites where an artist's work is buried so deep in the results that it is often never found. At the same time, if you are an aspiring entrepreneur anywhere in the world, it provides a unique opportunity to join a vast affiliate network and get paid for simply helping others socially recommend products that they like as well as be compensated for those products you recommend to your own social media network." Readers can view a quick video to learn more about BuzzBehind at
About BuzzBehind�BuzzBehind� is the first digital content marketplace to combine recommendation marketing with the personal connectivity of social media and affiliate marketing, all tightly integrated in a very effective sales platform designed to deliver viral exposure for virtually any digital product -- including music, eBooks, games, apps, and virtual coupons and promotions. More information is available at www.buzzbehind.com.
Follow us:
Agency Contact: Rae Morrow Redpines +1 775 626 7722 Email Contact BuzzBehind Contact: Jon Bender BuzzBehind Worldwide LLC +1 919 678 9245 Email Contact Source: BuzzBehind(TM)
InfoTech Spotlight's Homepage
comments powered by Disqus.
blog comments powered by
infoTECH Headlines
Commvault Provides Security and Compliance in the File Sync and Share Solution Market
Best Practices for Maintaining an Effective ERP Implementation
The Gap Between Enterprise Security and Employee Actions
BMC Releases Remedy 9 Service Management Solution with Modernized Design
IBM Recognized as a Leader in the Digital Transformation Implementation Market
Managing Risk May Get Easier with New IBM and Deloitte Project
5 Building Blocks for a Successful Product Development Partnership
From Virtualization to the Cloud: Use IT Resources More Efficiently
QLogic and Cavium Joint Infrastructure to Accelerate Cloud Storage Applications
Dimension Data, NTT DATA to Create Cloud Migration Services for SAP
Subscribe to InfoTECH Spotlight eNews
InfoTECH Spotlight eNews delivers the latest news impacting technology in the IT industry each week. Sign up to receive FREE breaking news today!
FREE eNewsletter
InfoVista and Ipanema Technologies Poised to Enable New Carrier Services
Rich Tehrani
Schneider Electric: More Software and the IoT to Reshape Data Center Design
Rich Tehrani
HP's March into Simplifying NFV
Rich Tehrani
Logitech ConferenceCam CC3000e Video Conferencing for SMB Review
Tom Keating
TransCertain CertainSafe Review - 2014
Tom Keating
Jumper Card - The Swiss Army Knife of Portable Chargers
Tom Keating
Meet Your Big Data Storage Needs: Coraid
As businesses collect more and more data, they will require storage capabilities that are easily and secure, accessible, and quickly scalable for pure storage as well as data analytics.
What are the Security and Compliance Requirements of Cloud Computing: Coalfire
As the adopotion of cloud computing continues to increase, businesses are finding, while they understand the potential benefits, they need help understanding the security and compliance ramifications of moving data into cloud data centers.
Managing Your Data and Apps in Multi-Cloud Environments: Right Scale
Businesses have reached beyond education and are starting to make signifcant cloud computing deployments, which means they need an awareness of public and private resources, which to deploy in what instances, and how to manage and maintain applications across both domains.
How Cloud Providers Can Drive Revenues for Tenants and Themselves: Interxion
In order to enable customers to create new revenue streams from their content and applications, cloud providers can provide test environments to allow businesses to more efficiently develop and test new applications.
Enabling Cross-border Data Center Connectivity: Interxion
One of the challenges for multinational enterprises is establishing connectivity between infrastructure located on different continents. The Transatlantic Data Center Alliance helps overcome many of these challenges, including regulatory and compliance needs.
infoTECH Whitepapers
SAP Enterprise Mobility: Bringing a Cohesive Approach to a Complex Market
What is Your Mobile Content Policy? A Checklist for Content Risk Mitigation
SANS Whitepaper: Mobile Content and Document Management Best Practices and Decision Checklist
IBM SmartCloud Social Collaboration for Government
IBM SmartCloud Solutions: Software as a Service
IBM SmartCloud for Social Business Mobility
IBM SmartCloud Engage Security
The Forrester Wave: Cloud Strategies Of Online Collaboration Software Vendors, Q3 2012
Social Business in the Cloud
The Social Business: Advent of a new age
What is Information Tehnology
What is Information Technology?
The History of Information Technology
Today's Most Desired Information Technology Skills
Information Technology Careers
Ten Information Technology Companies of 2011
Powered by
Technology Marketing Corporation,
800 Connecticut Ave, 1st Floor East,
Norwalk, CT 06854 USA
Ph: 800-243-6002, 203-852-6800;
Fx: 203-853-2845
Contact us
Technology Marketing Corp. 1997-<%= curyear %> Copyright.
infoTECH Resources
Editor's Pick
infoTECH News
Software News
Hardware News
Security News
Networking News
What's Hot
Media Kit
infoTECH Communities
Cloud Call Center
Mobile Market
SIP Trunking
infoTECH Channels
Application Deployment
Cloud Contact Center
Data Management
Power Protection
Software Licensing
Software Monetization
Other Industries
IP Communications
Cable Spotlight
Satellite Spotlight
Smart Grid
Sports Techy
M2M Evolution


text:
The winter break is quickly approaching, and we wanted to provide you information regarding council and staff availability. Please note that both Council Service Centers (including the Council Stores) will be closed from December 24, 2014 through January 4, 2015. We will re-open on Monday, January 5, 2015. If you will need any items from the service centers or the stores, please be sure to make those arrangements prior to December 24.
Also, please note that staff will be off during the winter break. Please be sure to submit all documentation for troop travel, volunteer approval, etc., no later than December 10 to ensure it is received and reviewed prior to the break.
GSSEF's telephone voice mail message system has been restored. GSSEF staff can now receive voice mail messages. Thank you for your patience.
We received confirmation at 6:30 p.m. this evening that Cookie University will happen as planned. The event is completely full, but we look forward to seeing all registered participants tomorrow morning at both locations. Thank you.
Girl Scouts of Southeast Florida's Service Centers and Retail Stores will be closed Monday, May 27 in observance of Memorial Day. The Service Centers and Retail Stores will resume their normal hours of operation on Tuesday, May 28. We wish our Girl Scout families a happy and safe Memorial Day.


text:
I've Lost My Cotten-Picking Mind!!
View Single Post
Senior Member
Join Date: May 2006
Posts: 114
Thanks: 0
Thanked 0 Times in 0 Posts
Rep Power:
AS far as being invited aboard as crew, wear hot weather clothes, boat shoes with soft white soles and carry foulie rain gear. Keep a boat knife in your pocket, fingerless gloves help soft hands survive. If you bring anything aboard bring it in soft bags that are easily jammed into lockers, not hard sided coolers or suitcases.
Etiquette - handle binoculars and winch handles extremely carefully. NEVER set them down on deck. Always set them back where you found them. Nothing ends a nice day like dropping a $500 set of binoculars over the side.
Volunteer for every dirty job. Fix sandwiches, swab decks, coil lines, haul up the anchor, etc. I used to help paint the boats bottom every spring. That guaranteed me a couple of days of sailing. Buy lunch. Tell the skipper that he made the boat payment so you can buy lunch. Guarantees a re-invite every time.
Be careful with actual sailing things, let the skipper tell you how he likes things done, even though you may know how. Every skipper does the same things differentlty.
Have a good time.
View Public Profile
Send a private message to LyleRussell
Find all posts by LyleRussell


text:
Shoestrings Lodge
No availability found through our partners. Please contact the business directly or check some of our recommended alternatives.
How has this hostel rated in the past?
TravelPod Member ReviewsShoestrings Lodge Victoria Falls
The campsite was pretty, facilties good, there were great services on offer and the ciders weren't too expensive. what more could you need?
This review is the subjective opinion of a TravelPod member and not of TravelPod.com.
TripAdvisor Reviews Shoestrings Lodge Victoria Falls
Travel Blogs from Victoria Falls
Day 44 - Vic Falls
This morning Kym and Carina were up and gone early to do canoeing, Keely and I were getting picked up at 9 to go to do the gorge activities. We had breaky at the bar then headed out to the gorge. It was freezing out at the gorge and Keely and I were the only ones there. I started with the flying fox over the gorge. It was cool but I thought I was …
Day 43 - Vic Falls
This morning we were up and bought a lovely breaky at the bar and were picked up for our helicopter ride at 9.30. We arrived at the helipad filled out come forms, were weighed and we were on our way. I have never been in a helicopter before but really enjoyed it. The falls from the sky were amazing. At first I was looking over the other side of the …
Day 42 - Bulawayo to Vic Falls
Today was a drive day to get to Vic falls. We stopped for lunch at Hwange and sat under a lovely tree by a servo. When we arrived on Vic falls we were given a brief tour of the town as we drove through and went to "the big tree" which is a massive baobab tree that is a tourist sight in Vic falls. After we arrived at shoestrings camp site and set up …
Zimbabwe - here we come
... he got togged up in all the ropes etc, and off he went. Phew ... brave boy!! Matt and Nicci sat in a thatched house watching from the side eating some lunch, and Ash and I stood near the platform to give him support. Poor old Ash had the real horrid responsibility of taking his photo! It was nerve wracking waiting to click the shutter in something that only takes a few split seconds as he leaps off, but she did a good job, and also he bought a DVD ...


text:
ken and maureen thompson (From The Advertiser Series)
Send us your pictures, video, news and views by texting NORTHERN ECHO to 80360 or email us
- Search notices
- Birthdays
- Births
- Deaths
- Exams
- Greetings
- Marriages
- Anniversaries
- Other
Book an announcement for publication online and in the next edition of the The Advertiser Series
Ken And Maureen Thompson
Published in the The Advertiser Series on 20 September 12
Ken and Maureen THOMPSON 22-9-1962 to 22-9-2012 Congratulations Mam and Dad on your Golden Wedding Anniversary Love from Janice, Graeme Lynn and Annah-Rachael xxx
This notice has 974 views, 4 gifts and no messages.
There are no messages for this notice.
Leave a message
Log in with
- janice
- lots of love annah rachael xxx
- to maureen all my love ken xxx
- mam&dad lots of love lynn&graemex
Offer a virtual gift
Fields marked with * are mandatory.
Remember you are personally responsible for what you post on this site and must abide by our site terms. Do not post anything that is false, abusive or malicious. If you wish to complain about a particular message, please use the 'report this post' link.


text:
Member Login:
Don't have an account?
Register Free
Forgot Password?This site currently has 3 members and 1 guests.
We've moved! New Forum
Dragons are powerful creatures that live all over the world.
Various breeds exist, each with their own unique characteristics that vary upon location.
Some are rare while others are so common they are seen as pests in the areas they reside in.
New species are still being discovered and information regarding known breeds is still incomplete.
Tale of Dragons Copyright © 2012 - SilverDragonTears & Corteo


text:
BOISE -- A federal judge ruled Thursday that St. Luke's Health System must immediately separate from Saltzer Medical group.
This is the latest development after Idaho's two largest hospitals went head-to-head in court in what some would call a turf war.
In January, a judge ruled in favor of Saint Alphonus and other plaintiffs, saying St. Luke's acquisition of Saltzer's facility in Nampa threatened to monopolize a broad series of healthcare markets in Idaho.
In that ruling, the judge ordered St. Luke's and Saltzer to part ways. So far, however, that has not happened.
St. Luke's filed for a stay until they could go through the appellate process, but U.S. District Judge B. Lynn Winmill denied that stay Thursday.
The denial means the hospital must follow the judge's order earlier this year to immediately divest.
But St. Luke's officials say they will appeal the descision again - this time to a higher court. They hope that will give them more time before they have to begin the separation process.
We're obviously disappointed, said St. Luke s spokesman Ken Dey. We were hoping that Judge Winmill would grant the stay at least pending our appeal with the Ninth Circuit.
This ruling by is the latest in a case that will likely take years to resolve.
This order sustains the impact of the original decision, encourages the timetable of the original decision and says that so long as there are appeals pending, so long as those appeals may take it does not matter, St. Luke's must act on the judge's original order to divest now, said attorney David Leroy.
But attorneys with St. Luke's see it differently.
We don't know if this means immediately, Dey said. It's not clear in the ruling that he gave today whether we have to divest immediately.
St. Luke's is considering whether to appeal the denial of the stay to the Ninth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals. In the meantime, St. Luke's will keep working with Saltzer.
We have not divested in Saltzer at this point, said Dey.
And there's a plan to do that in the near future? asked KTVB.
We will develop a plan when we find out it has to happen, and we'll do that in an orderly way and in a way that least impacts the patients and the employees, said Dey.
More specifically, Dey says they have a general plan in place to divest - just not anything with a specific timetable.
Fortunately, when we put this in place, because we knew this was being challenged by the court, we decided to not fully integrate Saltzer, said Dey.
That means signs have not changed, and medical records and workflows have stayed separate. Dey says the latest ruling doesn't impact patients and employees day-to-day.
The long-term outlook for Saltzer that is still in limbo, as it has been since Winmill made his ruling in January.
Saltzer has gotten lost in a lot of this and that's unfortunate, Dey said. They're a really important group to the community. They've provided care for 50 years.
Saint Alphonsus officials said in a statement they were happy with the decision.
Here's what Saint Alphonsus President and CEO Sally Jeffcoat had to say:
We are very pleased with today's ruling. We will continue to work with all healthcare providers including Saltzer Medical Group to provide seamless access to healthcare for our communities.


text:
Coghlan's Vinyl Repair Tape
Manufacturer's Description
Visit Coghlan's's Vinyl Repair Tape page.
Retailers' Descriptions
Here's what other sites are saying:
Tough vinyl plastic material with pressure sensitive adhesive backing Quick repairs to cuts and tears of waders, vinyl rainwear, ground sheets, back packs. Dozens of uses. Easy to use -- just peel off paper backing and apply Four assorted colors in each kit
- Vargo Outdoors
Coghlan's Vinyl Repair Tape
previously retailed for:
The Coghlan's Vinyl Repair Tape is not available from the stores we monitor. It was last seen October 5, 2011 at Vargo Outdoors.
If you're looking for a new patch/tape, check out the best reviewed current models.


text:
OpenID Login
Not a member? Register Forgot Password?
GamerDNA Login
Not a member yet? Register.
Winter!: Prepare for holiday gaming!
Game Night!: This weekend! https://www.facebook.com/events/317792721696252/
New Releases: What upcoming games are you looking forward to?
Answer this question....: Eyup or Nope?
So Gamers...: how is it going?
Fercberk...: Ask us a question or two on our Facebook Page! http://www.facebook.com/gamerDNA
Need Help?: Ask us a question or two on our Facebook Page!
Facebook!: Gamers! Check out our Facebook page!
Youtube!!!: Check out our Youtube channel http://www.youtube.com/user/smg1170?feature=mhee
Gamers......: meh
Closing in:
Fun motion game for the 360. I like the orange rubber boat game the best.
Game Traits applied to Kinect Adventures (X360) by GameScene
Member actions:
Nice storyline and I like the choice system.
Great game with different attacks and moves, and I like the setting and the free running.
An awesome Zelda game different from the older games and nice boss fights.
One of the better gta games in my opinion
Great atmosphere and nice settings.
The original Sony Playstation was released.
gamerDNA®, Contents are Copyright 2006–2015 PLAYXPERT LLC and Live Gamer Inc. gamerDNA and the gamerDNA Logo are trademark and property of Live Gamer Inc.


text:
The Official 2013 F1 Thread. Spoilers possible!
View Single Post
Breaking Wind
Joined: Nov 2003
Location: Bay Area, California
Oddometer: 9,968
Nice to see Alonso win another one (actually, anyone but Vettel).
I love the technology of F1 and the impressive speed of the cars but this, imho, is right on the nose. From the Guardian
Once again, though, it was a boring race. Formula One these days is all about finding out who is the
best slow driver in the world
*, as conserving tyres has become the most important issue.
It has always been important. But now the teams and the drivers are necessarily obsessive about it because they have to work with the rapidly disappearing rubber they have been given.
It would be much better, surely, to race properly from start to finish, with better tyres and fewer pit stops, even if that does come at the risk of the occasional procession.
The start of the race is as exciting as ever. And then you can switch off until the last 15 minutes. You can spend the 90 minutes between the start and the finish watching a football match.
* My emphasis.
The cars are still not passing on track, it's all pit strategy to gain places. It's about time they banned real time telemetry and no-more factories running scenario's and then directing the trackside team. Once the race is on, the driver needs to handle everything except for the occasional pit board. And for God's sakes, give them rubber that has a chance of lasting a race.
Crusader of Slack
View Public Profile
Find More Posts by JNRobert


text:
Welcome to the Official Queen of the South website.
Get all the latest news from the club. Latest News
Listen to pre and post match interviews with players and management on our new Soundcloud page
Follow matches LIVE with our text commentary.Live Updates service
Match reports of all our games can be found on the Fixtures page
Catch up on highlights of all of our games, home and away.QosTV
Introducing the all new Doonhamers Deluxe draw. For just £1 a week you could win one of the £1000 monthly prizes, £3000 Christmas cash or even a new car! See the How to Enter pages for more details How to Enter
Checkout if you`ve won one of the 2 daily prizes or the Saturday jackpot. Winners are updated at 12 o`clock each dayPrize Draw Winners
Full details on how to enter the Prize Draw, including the all new Doonhamers Deluxe Draw How to Enter
Find an agent near you or become an agent yourself and earn great rates of commision Prize Draw Agents
Our Matchday Hopsitality package is just £70 per person. See the Hospitality page for full details and how to book. Hospitality
Our newly refurbished Tartan Lounge is now available for Private Functions. Follow the link for more information and how to book Private Functions
From player sponsorship to matchday advertising, there are a number of ways to support the club. See the Sponsorship page for more information. Sponsorship
Enjoy your hospitality or private function in the newly refurbished Tartan Lounge. Tartan Lounge
Adult : £256
OAP/Conc : £144
Student : £90
Junior Blue : £18
Adult : £16
OAP/Conc : £9
Disabled person + 1 Carer = FREE
NB : There is a ticket only admissions procedure for home and away fans this season. Please see the "more info" link for full details
Phone :
01387 254853
email :firstname.lastname@example.com Online :arena.qosfcstore.co.uk
Queen of the South were dumped out of the Scottish Cup after a Fourth Round Replay with St Mirren ended in a 3-0 defeat in Paisley.
The original tie had ended in a 2-2 draw with Queens putting in one of their best performances of the season but the Doonhamers could not replicate that as despite putting the Premiership side under severe pressure in the second half they could not find a way past the Buddies` backline.
Queens did start the match brightly though as Dan Carmichael found some space on the right wing but over-hit his cross with Russell lurking at the back post. This half chance in the 2nd minute was the only real piece of action in the first 15 minutes before St Mirren took control of the game.
Carmichael rounds Grainger
Kenny McLean stung the palms of Zander Clark with a fierce effort from range before Gary Harkins struck the opening goal on 18 minutes. John McGinn sent in a cross from the left finding Steven Thompson free at the back post who nodded across for Gary Harkins to bundle the ball into the goal. It was poor defending from Queens as they allowed St Mirren`s two dangermen far too much space inside the area.
With the lead and a confidence boost the home side began to dominate the game as Harkins tried an audacious long range lob from 40 yards but with Zander Clark scurrying backwards the ball flew a yard over the crossbar. Clark made a save from a Kenny McLean effort before Harkins created another chance for himself as he drove at the Queens defence before opening up his body to curl the ball into the far corner but sent the ball well wide.
Queens were yet to make any headway in the contest and rarely threatened the home goal and again had their goalkeeper to thank as he pushed a looping John McGinn header wide of his far post after 39 minutes.
It was not until the 41st minute before the away side managed a shot at goal and almost made it count as Derek Lyle followed up Dan Carmichael`s dangerous cross with a half-volley that skimmed off the top of the crossbar.
Both Russell and Lyle wait for the cross
After a poor first half display Queens had it all to do to get back into the cup tie and obviously the manager`s words during the break had made some effect as the Doonhamers pushed the home side back for large parts of the half.
The first chance came straight from the kick off as Stephen McKenna burst past Jim Goodwin to find Carmichael in the right-hand channel. The winger got his head up to find Iain Russell inside the area but he could only fire the ball over the crossbar.
Then on 56 minutes Queens struck the goal-frame again through Iain Russell as the striker ran at the St Mirren defence before cracking a long range effort toward goal. The ball clipped a defender and looped over the stranded Marian Kello but onto the crossbar.
McKenna then sent a header wide from Mark Durnan`s set up following a corner before Lyle stretched on 62 minutes but could not get enough on Ian McShane`s free-kick delivery at the far post as Queens continued to threaten an equaliser.
Durnan nods down but Lyle just couldn`t connect
The home side had struggled to produce any sort of attacking move in the second period but began to work their way back into the game as they forced the Queens defence to defend a number of corners.
Conor Newton had an effort from an angle saved by Clark before the Premiership side extended their lead after 72 minutes through Steven Thompson.
The home side could thank lady luck as Marc McAusland`s attempted shot was mis-hit before deflecting off Kevin Holt and into the path of Thompson who beat Clark from close range. It was a tough one to take for Queens as their play in the second period had deserved more.
St Mirren almost snatched another counter-attack goal as Thompson played in John McGinn but Zander Clark raced out to meet the midfielder and did well to block, forcing the ball wide of the goal.
Derek Lyle then had a gilt-edged chance to halve the deficit as Dan Carmichael`s cut back found the Queens striker with time to pick his spot from 18 yards but saw his effort blocked by Darren McGregor.
Queens started to chase the game going into the last ten minutes as Mark Durnan was thrown forward as a makeshift striker but the gamble backfired immediately as they were caught short at the back giving substitute Sean Kelly the chance to fire past Clark from the edge of the area with just four minutes remaining.
The goal capped a miserable night for Queens that could so easily have gone the other way as a series of missed chances added to some misfortune at the back gave the Premiership side a comfortable-looking three-nil scoreline.


text:
A Script to guide you to colour-managed printing,
Typically colour rendering differs between devices (monitors, printers). Aside of calibrating the devices to a defined state colour-profiles are used to describe the behaviour of the output-devices. Gimp realises colour-management by using a working-colour-space, a monitor-colour-space to get a good vision on a monitor and a printer-colour-space to be able to render print-previews.
Unless otherwise noted, the rights for the individual plugins are with their respective authors. Logo image by Jakub Steiner.


text:
we're not bothering anyone or doing stupid ****, plus we were there all last year too; I wouldn't be too worried
ok so if anyones interested im doin a lil bbq thing at my house on sat and since everyone is drama free and a good time, heres the facebook bs with the info if anyone wants to come:
and the event page for the show on may 6th:
Last edited by sprgti; 04-05-2012 at 10:36 PM.
Hey guys. I talked to most of you guys tonight. On Sunday April 15th, we are gonna be meeting up around 730am for anyone interested in Campbelltown, PA Dustoff. I was just looking at the thread. I'll link it when I get on my computer. We are gonna cruise to the UPEuros meet spot over in coopersburg, pa and pick a few of them guys up as well. PM me for any details. Let's try to get a good cruise together, it will be a good time.
Also, feel free to carry on conversations from tonight on here. What was that German word for menace again? That was cool
Awesome meet as usual. "Fourth Reich"
Can't wait for Dust-Off! Hopefully we can get this meet even bigger.
And yes, I'm the Asian dubber with blonde hair.
I have an s2000 am I allowed in? Lol. I've seen you guys meeting up on Thursdays there, looked like a nice gathering. I have a VW on order so I recently joined the forum. Hope to meet you guys sometime!
Sent from my iPhone using Tapatalk
Oh, also:
It happened today!
lol bout time you got them on, how do you like the ride?
Cherry Hill / Mt. Laurel weekly meet
2010 GTI ⎮ CW ⎮ APR Stage 1 ⎮ Carbonio ⎮USP Fog HIDs
Oh I'm in, when did u guys start meeting n any good turn outs yet, looking forward to next Thursday!
Sent from Tapatalk
Both I've been looking for a euro meet in the area
Sent from Tapatalk
so looks like my gti will be gone tomorrow got someone who came to look at it today and said hes getting the money out the bank tomorrow and even left me a 3grand down payment. so i guess that means..... whos got a vw for sale? lmao as sad as ill see it go im looking forward to not having payments anymore lol
Anyone that needed the VAG cable for $25 PM me for the link.
•|Sent via Tapatalk Android. Likely pooping or stuck in traffic.|•
U going to pick up a new or used?
Sent from Android Thunderbolt using Tapatalk
im thinkin i wanna make my way back to a mk3, if i cant find an .:r, but then again i always wanted a corrado. lol choices choices, i just gotta wait and see what i find, but dont worry ill be postin pics up once i get whatever so i may not make it out any time soon lol, well unless i bring the wifey and lil dubber out in the baller ass taurus ( just kidding on baller) this week
Lol yeah baller ass. I love the boxier body on mk3. Well good luck on ur next buy. Hoping to c something real nice
Sent from Android Thunderbolt using Tapatalk
yea i had 2 95s a 2.slowashellomgcantgetoutofitswayohwaitdidthatslug justpassme and a vr. im mainly gunna look for a vr over the 2.0 just cuz i love the sound
yo where do you guys get low cars aligned around here?
so there will be a stg 2 SC .:R joining us this weekend to whichever event we cruise to this weekend
I took my lowered dub there once n the Guy comes out to the lot looking for it n all I heard oh wtf!
Sent from Android Thunderbolt using Tapatalk
Justin Im, Technical Sales
US Rally Team
Unitronic Chipped Authorized Dealer


text:
Press Releases
Note to editors: "HD Radio™" and the HD Radio logo are proprietary trademarks of iBiquity Digital Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. The "HD" in HD Radio™ is part of iBiquity Digital's brand name for its advanced digital AM/FM system. It does not mean hybrid digital or high-definition digital; both of these are incorrect.
May. 20th, 2015
Apr. 30th, 2015
Apr. 22nd, 2015
Apr. 13th, 2015
Apr. 13th, 2015
Apr. 13th, 2015
Apr. 7th, 2015
Mar. 17th, 2015
Mar. 5th, 2015
Jan. 6th, 2015


text:
Kenneth C. Ketner of Newport Beach was sentenced to 57 months in federal prison Monday and ordered to repay banks $9.27 million he swindled in a mortgage fraud scheme.
The money helped Ketner buy a Lido Island waterfront home, a $250,000 Ferrari and a yacht he christened the "Aquaholic," according to civil, criminal and bankruptcy court filings.
Ketner, 58, was supposed to have been drummed out of the mortgage business in 2001, when his company lost its state real estate license. But Ketner, who was indicted for criminal fraud in 2005, continued to make a living from the mortgage business, according to defense and prosecution court documents.
"I have no one to blame for these tragedies except myself," Ketner said Monday, choking back tears as he read a statement to U.S. District Court Judge James V. Selna. "I know from the deepest part of my heart I will never be involved again in anything illegal in any way."
Ketner said he has turned his life around - sobered up, joined Alcoholics Anonymous, become the benefactor of a New Orleans church devastated by Hurricane Katrina, and taken responsibility for his wrongdoing.
But prosecutors argued that Ketner's turnaround came only in response to the threat of prison.
"He has continued to engage in fraud, not just past conduct that led to this indictment, not just past the indictment, but to this very day," Assistant U.S. Attorney Andrew Stolper told the court Monday.
Ketner has not been charged with any offenses subsequent to the fraud scam that ended in 2001. But federal law enforcement officials said his case illustrates the lack of consumer protection in California's mortgage industry - even from someone who pleaded guilty to mortgage fraud.
"Ken Ketner has admitted to taking advantage of all of the weaknesses available in the mortgage industry to defraud related parties, from lenders to borrowers, all for his own personal benefit," said Peter Norell, head of the FBI's white collar crimes unit in Santa Ana. "These types of frauds are serious and worthy of allocating resources to investigate because it hurts everyone involved and takes advantage of those seeking the American 'dream' of homeownership."
Ketner currently works as a partner in Danbury Consultants, "a company that markets mortgages by direct mail," according to an April 9 filing by Sheila Balkan, a criminologist hired by the defense to argue for a mild sentence.
Selna did not address Ketner's right to earn money from mortgage-related businesses during or after his prison term, which is scheduled to begin Aug. 27.
Ketner's former business partner, Michael Cardwell of Phoenix, said Ketner has been doing "consulting work," but has not been directly involved in writing mortgages.
"He's not - he can't be - in the business," Cardwell said. "As liberal from a licensing standpoint as California is, there are still background checks."
The California Department of Real Estate, which regulates most licensed mortgage brokers, employs 175 auditors and other enforcement staff to police more than 500,000 licensed real estate agents and brokers - fewer than one per 2,800 licensees.
"Clearly, given the numbers, we're more reactive and we need people to let us know what's going on," said Tom Pool, a spokesman for the Department of Real Estate.
A Ponzi scheme
Ketner's former company, Mortgage Capital Resource, specialized in issuing second mortgages used by borrowers to consolidate debt, giving them access to lower interest rates and tax benefits - all perfectly common and legal.
In 2001, Ketner was sued in federal court in Santa Ana by Household Commercial Finance, an Illinois bank that extended a $20 million line of credit to Mortgage Capital for home loans. Instead of using borrowers' money to fund the loans, Household Commercial alleged, Ketner personally pocketed more than $9 million to buy investment property, cars and boats, to support his family as well as a person described by federal prosecution documents as his "asexual mistress."
Ketner settled the suit, but never made a $5 million payment that was part of the settlement agreement, said Household Commercial's attorney, Carlos Solis. The Department of Real Estate revoked Mortgage Capital Resource's license in 2001 after Ketner refused to allow an examination of the company's account books.
Federal prosecutors began investigating Ketner in 2000, but the case got put aside for nearly two years after 9/11, Stolper said. He was indicted in 2005 on 16 counts of fraud and pleaded guilty last August to two counts of mail and wire fraud.
In his sentencing brief, Stolper wrote that Ketner "created a Ponzi scheme, except that instead of using new investors' money to pay back old investors, defendant was using new loan money to make good on old loans. Like all Ponzi schemes, defendant's collapsed under its own weight."
After Mortgage Capital


text:
BackgroundThis second installment of the mashup of classic Nintendo games features challenges from later NES games like Super Mario Bros. 3, Kirby's Adventure and Metroid. Just like NES Remix, the sequel includes stages from the original games with new challenges, as well as modified stages that introduce new elements.
Game Play
Hardware Info
Recent threads
ProtossZealot played NES Remix 2
ProtossZealot owns NES Remix 2
NES Remix 2 announced for Wii U eShop, includes right-to-left Super Luigi Bros.
Rather a surprise to everyone, but NES Remix's surprise release in December 2013 apparently... posted Feb 14, 14 1:34pm
- Genre: Arcade & Retro (Wii U eShop)
- Developer: Nintendo
- Publisher: Nintendo
Released North America Apr 25, 2014


text:
NEW ORLEANS A Treme traffic stop led to the arrest of man in possession of a large amount of cocaine, heroin and over $4,000 in cash, according to the New Orleans Police Department.
On Saturday in the 900 block of North Dorgenois Street, police stopped Fredrick Washington, 42, who was on federal parole for distribution of cocaine.
Washington discarded a plastic bag as he attempted to run away, but officers eventually brought him to the ground with the use of a taser.
The plastic bag contained two ounces of cocaine, police said.
When investigators learned that Washington lived at 929 North Dorgenois St., they went to the residence to find the door open and suspicious drug paraphernalia sitting inside.
After securing a search warrant, they discovered 389 grams of cocaine, 16 grams of heroin, packaging consistent with kilo packaging and $4,280, police said.
Washington was booked with possession with intent to distribute cocaine and heroin and resisting an officer.


text:
Google To Charge Merchants For Shopping Search Placement
Google unveiled big changes on Thursday to its shopping business, saying product search results for U.S. users will be swayed by how much retailers and advertisers pay.
The company currently displays product search results based primarily on relevance, and the program is free.
The new changes, which will likely be seen as controversial by some in the e-commerce business, will take effect by October.
The search giant said it would rename its service "Google Shopping" from the current Google Product Search.
"We are starting to transition Google Product Search in the U.S. to a purely commercial model," said Sameer Samat, vice president of product management at Google Shopping.
"This will give merchants greater control over where their products appear on Google Shopping."
Google has been in the product listing and search business for about a decade, having provided merchants with free access to shoppers during that time.
The company generated revenue by running paid product search ads along with the unpaid product listings, said Eric Best, CEO of Mercent, which helps retailers sell through Google and other e-commerce websites.
"Today, that model goes away," he told Reuters.
"It's a very big deal."
The changes could help Google earn additional revenue and profit from its retail advertisers, which account for as much as 40 percent of the company´s advertising base, according to Best.
Google Product Search brings in around $650 million in annual sales in the U.S. and about $1.3 billion worldwide, according to estimates by ChannelAdvisor, which helps merchants sell their products and services online.
"That's the free sales that are going to disappear unless they decide to pay," said ChannelAdvisor CEO Scot Wingo.
Under Google's new system, retailers may have to spend an additional $130 million a year in the U.S. along, and $270 million globally, to fill that sales gap, he estimated.
"The winner in this is Google," Wingo told Reuters. "That extra spending is pure margin and will drop to earnings per share."
Google´s new policy is not sitting well with some of the retailers ChannelAdvisor works with, who are questioning the company´s motives.
Indeed, the October rollout of the changes does not give merchants much time to adjust to the new system in time for the key holiday shopping season, he added.
However, for merchants, there are upsides and downsides, Best said.
"The downside is that retailers are going to have to pay for performance when it comes to e-commerce traffic and revenue driven by or through Google."
"The free traffic is disappearing."
Best said the changes might be seen unfavorably by some in the Internet community because Google's search results have typically not been influenced by money.
"Pay-for-placement to some degree is an alternative to purely organic relevancy results."
"The fact that shopping results will be more closely tied to bid-for-placement will not sit well with all advertisers."
Google said the changes would help retailers make their products more visible to shoppers searching on Google. The old system, the company said, was difficult to regulate because retailers could list a lot of products for free.
However, Best said that merchants who have to pay might reduce their clutter.
"Having a commercial relationship with merchants will encourage them to keep their product information fresh and up to date," Google's Samat wrote in a blog posting on Thursday.
"Higher quality data – whether it's accurate prices, the latest offers or product availability – should mean better shopping results for users, which in turn should create higher quality traffic for merchants."
But ChannelAdvisor's Wingo is skeptical of that argument.
"That's a slippery slope because this could apply to websites, not just product listings," he said.
"Why have organic search at all? Anyone can set up a website and use it for spammy purposes. That's what Google is supposed to deal with."
Other online retailers, such as Amazon and eBay, will likely be affected by Google's changes because these sites currently receive a lot of free traffic from Google Product Search.
In the future, they will have to pay for that themselves, Wingo said.
Some merchants may decide to simply list more products for sale on Amazon's and eBay's online marketplaces, which would be a bonus for those companies, he said.
Shares of Google´s stock fell 1.3 percent at $580.86 on Thursday. The shares have fallen 13 percent since January.
Shares of Amazon´s stock rose 1.8 percent to $212.91, while eBay lost 1 percent to $39.19.


text:
Also pertaining to your knowledge advanced.
I am a chase of something to gain.
An active attempt to ascertain.
I now must ask you to find the name,
Of a commonly known two-worded game.
Edited by lotus, 04 May 2009 - 11:50 PM.
Jump to content
|Welcome to BrainDen.com - Brain Teasers Forum. Like most online communities you must register to post in our community, but don't worry this is a simple free process. To be a part of BrainDen Forums you may create a new account or sign in if you already have an account.
As a member you could start new topics, reply to others, subscribe to topics/forums to get automatic updates, get your own profile and make new friends.
Of course, you can also enjoy our collection of amazing optical illusions and cool math games.
If you like our site, you may support us by simply clicking Google "+1" or Facebook "Like" buttons at the top.
If you have a website, we would appreciate a little link to BrainDen.
Thanks and enjoy the Den :-)
Posted 04 May 2009 - 11:49 PM
Edited by lotus, 04 May 2009 - 11:50 PM.
Posted 04 May 2009 - 11:57 PM
Posted 05 May 2009 - 12:03 AM
Posted 05 May 2009 - 12:07 AM
Good job, this is the right answer.Spoiler forTrivial Pursuit
0 members, 0 guests, 0 anonymous users
Community Forum Software by IP.Board 3.4.7
Licensed to: BrainDen


text:
The CCA Career Center is here to act as a liaison between a talented pool of potential employees and you! We will do our best to help you make the connections you need to expand your workforce through Career Fairs, "Company Spotlight" (on campus recruiting), and job and internship postings. For information on each of those areas, check out the information below. If you have further questions please contact Barbara Lindsay at 303.360.4914 or email firstname.lastname@example.com.
On Campus Career Events:
Spring Career Expo - Register Now
When: April 22, 2015
11:00am – 2:00pm
Where: CCA Lowry Campus
710 Alton Way
Aurora, CO 80230
Contact: Barbara Lindsay at email@example.com / 303.360.4914
Company Spotlight:
Are you interested in setting up a table on campus to directly recruit students? If you are looking for people to fill positions with your company we'd love to have you on campus. Simply provide the information below in an email to email@example.com.
CCA Online Job Board:
CCA hosts an online job board for CCA students. If you are interested in posting jobs or internships, please go to our Job Posting Page.


text:
Cheap SHH to Sault Ste. Marie flights
Popular Flights from Shishmaref, Alaska
Top Shishmaref Flights to US Destinations
Popular Flights from Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan
SHH to CIU Route Map
Shishmaref to Sault Ste. Marie Flights, Stats and Airplanes
Route information for flights from Shishmaref AK to Chippewa County Intl..
3,138.65 miles
CIU - Chippewa County Intl. Airlines
Browse the most popular airlines servicing the Sault Ste. Marie (CIU) airport. Visit their flights pages to learn more about the most popular routes these carriers fly.


text:
TUSTIN – Auto showroom glitz, even for mid-priced auto dealers and their customers, is the rage.
In recent weeks two dealerships have put the finishing touches on major expansions aimed at improving customer service and appreciation.
Tustin Toyota/Scion has completed a 64,000-square-foot expansion of its showroom and service center waiting room.
Dozens of plush couches and high-top tables, a game area, a private business area, new flat screen televisions and a family room – even a revamped Subway sandwich shop; all welcome the dealership's repair shop customers and prospective buyers.
A decade ago, such a waiting room would have been found only at a Mercedes dealership or some other luxury brand. These days, customers who pay $20,000 for a new car can expect a free latte when they get an oil change.
"In my 20 years in the business, I've not seen this level, in terms of the numbers, of dealerships going through major renovations and creating environments that are so inviting," said John Sackrison, executive director of Orange County Automobile Dealers Association.
Crevier BMW has opened a sophisticated 46,000-square-foot Mini Cooper dealership at the Santa Ana Auto Mall. The showroom is dominated by customer-service perks including a gaming area for families, Wi-Fi zones and "You-ification" stations for buyers to customize their Minis.
Up the road in Fullerton, Renick Subaru grew its showroom 3,500 square feet and reported an 80 percent uptick in business.
Sackrison estimates nearly a third of 116 new vehicle dealerships in the county have undergone some type of expansion in the past year.
The Wilson Automotive Group, which features mostly Toyota and Lexus models, has seen a long-term return on dealership renovations. Owned by David Wilson of Laguna Beach, the group includes 16 dealerships, most of which are in Orange County.
Vikki Murphy, the group's vice president, said all of their showrooms have seen some form of renovation, before and after the recession.
The Ford and Mazda of Orange went from a small corner dealership to a sprawling complex; the effort has resulted in a 30 percent increase in sales, she said. A complete rebuild at Toyota of Huntington Beach wrapped up in 2008 and business has been solid ever since.
"Our group, especially, and many other dealerships are very focused on customer satisfaction," Murphy said. "Call it the Nordstrom effect."
Wilson spent $80 million building Newport Lexus, which opened in 2006. The dealership features a putting green, player piano, café and Tommy Bahama and Oakley boutiques.
Despite the recession, Toyota recall debacle and Japan tsunami, Newport Lexus weathered the storms and sold 2,572 vehicles and generated $135 million in revenue in 2011, Murphy said.