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The combination of a Vivaldi notch and a meander line loaded antenna for ultra wide bandwidth is provided with dual polarity by providing orthogonally oriented Vivaldi notched structures coupled to each other at the edges thereof. Mode selection is provided by selectively switching between linear and circular polarization modes through selective input coupling techniques. Each side of the dual polarity Vivaldi notch/MLA plates includes a bifurcated plate with one end of the bifurcated plate having exponentially curved Vivaldi notch surfaces ahead of a cavity opened at the rear end to the bifurcated notch. The side plates for the top plate structure are themselves Vivaldi notch structure, with their side plates being the ajoining top or bottom plate. In each case, internally carried meander lines connect the adjacent together.
1. A polarity switchable combined Vivaldi notch/meander line loaded antenna, comprising:
a top plate having a Vivaldi notch antenna therein;
a pair of side plates each having a Vivaldi notch therein;
a bottom plate having a Vivaldi notch therein, each of said Vivaldi notches having a throat and a feed point at said throat;
meander lines electrically connecting adjacent plates together and;
a processor coupled to selected feed points for selectively providing said antenna with a horizontal polarization, a vertical polarization, a right hand circular polarization or a left hand circular polarization.
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This invention relates to ultra wideband antennas and more particulary to the provision of a dual polarity Vivaldi Notch/Meander Line loaded antenna system.
As described in a co-pending patent application Ser. No. 10/629,454 filed on even date herewith by John F. Apostolos, entitled "Combined Ultra Wideband Vivaldi Notch/Meander Line Loaded Antenna" assigned to the assignment hereof and incorporated herein by reference, a Vivaldi notch structure in one plane is provided, which yields a 100:1 bandwidth characteristic. This antenna has a horizontal or linear polarization characteristic, which while exceedingly useful in horizontally polarized antenna scenarios, is not as effective as it might be when dealing with circularly polarized applications.
As will be appreciated, there has long been a requirement for a very wideband array antenna to cover, for instance, a band of 100:1 or even 300:1. The purpose of such an antenna is for any ultra wideband application in which one seeks to have a single lobe from the antenna array uncorrupted by so called grating lobes which are the spurious lobes which are the result of standing waves in the elements and element spacings greater than 0.5 wavelength.
An array of bow tie elements suffers from grating lobes introduced by the many periods of oscillation in the element itself, and by the resulting large spacing of the elements.
In order to eliminate the generation of multiple lobes, one would need some sort of traveling wave antenna with a width less than 0.5 wavelength at the highest frequency.
One such traveling wave antenna is a Vivaldi notch antenna The Vivaldi notch antennas are those which have exponentially tapered notches which open outwardly from a feed at the throat of the notch. Typically, in such a Vivaldi notch antenna there is a cavity behind the feed point which prevents energy from flowing back away from the feed point to the back end of the Vivaldi notch. As a result, in these antennas, one obtains radiation in the forward direction and obtains a single lobe beam over a 10:1 frequency range. One can obtain a VSWR less than 3:1 with the beams staying fairly constant over the entire antenna bandwidth with the lobe having about a 80� or 90� beam width.
As can be seen, the Vivaldi notch antennas are single lobe antennas which have a very wide bandwidth and are unidirectional in that the beam remains relatively constant as a single lobe over a 10:1 bandwidth both in elevation and in azimuth.
Note that a constant beam width is maintained because at high frequencies at the throat of the notch only a small area radiates. As one goes lower and lower in frequency, the wider parts of the notch are responsible for the radiating. As a result, the beam width tends to remain constant and presents itself as a single lobe.
The Vivaldi notch antennas were first described in a monograph entitled The Vivaldi Aerial by P. G. Gibson of the Phillips Research Laboratories, Redhill, Surrey, England in 1978 and by Ramakrishna Janaswamy and Daniel H. Schaubert in IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. AP-35, no.1, September 1987. The above article describes the Vivaldi aerial as a new member of the class of aperiodic continuously scaled antenna structures which has a theoretically unlimited instantaneous frequency bandwidth. This antenna was said to have significant gain and linear polarization that can be made to conform to constant gain versus frequency performance. One reported Gibson design had been made with approximately 10 dB gain and a minus −20 dB side lobe level over an instantaneous frequency bandwidth extending from below 2 GHz to about 40 GHz.
One Vivaldi notch antenna is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,853,704 issued Aug. 1, 1989 to Leopold J. Diaz, Daniel B. McKenna, and Todd A. Pett. The Vivaldi notch has been utilized in micro strip antennas for some time and is utilized primarily in the high end of the electromagnetic spectrum as a wide bandwidth antenna element.
The problem with Vivaldi notch antennas is that at low frequencies, the notch becomes a short circuit. If one attempts to feed a short circuit at low frequencies, one obtains no output.
There is therefore a necessity for providing an array antenna element which has the favorable characteristics of the Vivaldi notch antennas, yet is able to me made to operate at much lower frequencies.
The problem, however, with making these antennas operate at much lower frequencies, is that as one goes lower in frequency, the antenna elements themselves become larger. When one attempts to array these elements, since the array elements are larger, their separation often exceeds a 0.5 wavelength. Separations over a 0.5 wavelength result in unwanted multiple lobes called grating lobes.
It has been found that if one wants to avoid grating lobes, then the spacing between the antenna elements must be less than a 0.5 wavelength. It is therefore important to be able to fabricate an antenna with exceedingly small antenna elements so as to avoid the unwanted grating lobes while offering wideband performance.
As described in the aforementioned co-pending application, in order to obtain an ultra wideband antenna element for use in an array, an antenna can be configured in a small package such that the Vivaldi notch antenna is combined with a meander line loaded antenna structure such that for higher frequencies, the Vivaldi notch dominates, whereas for the lower frequencies, the meander line loaded antenna functioning as a dipole provides a wide bandwidth low end for the antenna element. Because the meander line loaded structure reduces element size, this combination can be arrayed without producing grating lobes.
In order to form the dipole necessary for the meander line loaded antenna, the Vivaldi notch antenna rather than being provided with a closed end cavity, is provided with the rear end of the cavity opened up with a rearward slot so that at the lower frequency range, the antenna element starts to look like a dipole. Since the feed point is no longer shorted out at the lower frequencies, the result is that one has a fairly fat dipole. The problem with such an arrangement is how to make the dipole work over a 10:1 frequency range of its own accord.
In order to do so, one utilizes the meander line loaded antenna structure to make the dipole work over a wide bandwidth by canceling out reactances at the low end of the frequency range. Such operation is described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/123,787 filed Apr. 16, 2002 by John T. Apostolos entitled "Method and Apparatus for Reducing the Low Frequency Cut-off of a Meander Line Loaded Antenna", assigned to the assignee hereof and incorporated herein by reference.
In one embodiment, the antenna is provided with a Vivaldi notch in an upper plate which is bifurcated down its length. Two side plates vertically depend downwardly from respective top plates and are spaced from the top plates at either edge. The side plates are coupled to the top plate through a meander line structure, the purpose of which is to cancel reactances. The result is an overall ultra wideband structure that is small. When this structure is arrayed, the resulting structure does not violate the restriction that the spacing between the elements not be greater than 0.5 wavelength at the highest frequency. This means that the arrayed antenna elements will exhibit no grating lobes across the entire ultra wideband range, and results in an ultra wideband single lobe antenna array.
It has been found that by combining the two technologies, namely the Vivaldi notch antenna and the meander line technology, at the high frequency the Vivaldi notch is the active radiator, which doesn't see the meander line at all. At the higher frequencies, the gap on the top plate is not seen, and the Vivaldi notch works as it would work normally at the higher frequencies.
As the operating frequency gets lower and lower, the dipole begins to come into play, and the Vivaldi notch becomes less prominent. There is a transition region in which the notch and the dipole are now equally radiating. However, as one goes lower in frequency, the notch is not seen, and one simply is left with the dipole augmented with the meander line structure.
The meander line structure is utilized to give the dipole the increased bandwidth by canceling out the reactances at the low end of the frequency band. This gives an exceptionally good match down to the very low frequencies.
It has been found that the transition region between the Vivaldi notch and the meander line loaded antenna is smooth, and that there is no discontinuity. The result is that one can provide that the antenna work over a 50:1 frequency range.
When one seeks to put these elements in an array, due to their size the separation of the elements is not more than a 0.5 wavelength at the highest frequency, thus eliminating the possibility of creating grating lobes. If the spacing were for instance to become more on the order of a wavelength, one would obtain the undesirable multi-lobe pattern.
It has been found that the combined Vivaldi notch/meander line loaded antenna when arrayed can work over a range of 50 MHz and 1500 MHz. Note that the spacing of the elements is less than a 0.5 wavelength at the highest frequency. As one goes down to {fraction (1/50)}th of the highest frequency, then the 0.5 wavelength divided by 50 is 0.01 wavelengths at the low end of the frequency spectrum for the element. Thus for low frequencies, the spacing requirement is overly met, whereas at the highest frequencies the spacing requirement is just met.
It will be appreciated that for an effective radiator, it is the volume of the structure which counts. Even though the element at the lowest frequency is very narrow, one nonetheless obtains volume in the longitudinal direction or axis of the antenna element.
When the antenna elements are arrayed, one also obtains height and depth so that the total volume is such that it is still efficient at the low end of the frequency spectrum, even though its lateral dimension is 0.01 wavelengths in width.
It will be appreciated that that the utilization of the Vivaldi notch along with the meander line loaded antenna configuration means that the elements are so small in the width direction that when the elements are arrayed, grating lobes are prevented from being generated.
If one were going to use some other technology in order to work over a frequency range of 100:1, one could presumably use bow tie structures. However, at the lowest frequency of operation of a bow tie, one would have at least {fraction (1/10)}th of a wavelength which means that if one wanted to go up to 100:1 in frequency, then the structure at the high frequency would be 10 wavelengths long, resulting in a severe multi-lobe pattern.
It has been found that the only other antenna element that could work is the meander line itself, but the meander line itself only works over a frequency range of approximately 5-7:1. It does not achieve the 100:1 frequency range that is required. Absent combining with a Vivaldi notch merely using meander line structures will not yield an ultra wideband result.
Providing a single lobe ultra wideband antenna is useful in ultra wideband authorization for wireless as well as other applications. In these applications, one does not want to have spurious side lobes or multiple lobes. Ultra wideband applications such as for instance covert communications, high data rate communications, burst communications, through-the-wall communications, ground-penetrating radar, and others, involve the sweeping of a frequency of, for instance, between 1.5 GHz and 100 GHz.
Using the above combination, one is now able with the combined Vivaldi notch and meander line structure to achieve an ultra wideband result. When arrayed, these antenna elements can be made to have a single lobe characteristic. One can therefore provide an antenna array whose elements are compact and whose spacing between the elements is less than a 0.5 wavelength.
While the Vivaldi notch portion of the antenna described above lies essentially in one plane and has an E-field parallel to that plane thus to make it linearly polarized in the horizontal direction, it is often times desirable to be able to provide a vertically-polarized antenna or one which has a right hand or left hand circular polarization. Then if a transmission is either right hand circularly polarized or left hand circularly polarized, it is desirable to match this polarization to the receiving antenna and vice versa.
If trying to communicate with a land vehicle with a whip antenna or a cell phone, the antenna used is typically vertically polarized. Aircraft or unmanned airborne vehicles typically use horizontal polarization. Circular polarization is typical of satellite communications. Also, radars are typically switchable between linear and circular polarizations. Moreover, polarization diversity is used to keep bit error rates low or to increase the quality of communications. Having the polarization of an antenna switchable is thus beneficial.
In order to provide the ability to switch from a linearly polarized to a circularly polarized Vivaldi notch/meander line loaded antenna, and vice versa, in the subject invention, the top Vivaldi notch/meander line loaded antenna structure which is intended to have side plates, has its Vivaldi notch structure duplicated in the side plates as well as being duplicated in a bottom plate such that the antenna in essence looks like a square horn in cross section, with the side plates connected to associated Vivaldi notch bearing plates by meander lines.
In one embodiment, a meander line connects a top plate to an orthogonal adjacent side plate bearing the Vivaldi notch structure. This is duplicated for all four sides of the horn, with the feed points for each of the four Vivaldi notches being fed in such a fashion that one can establish a vertical polarization, a horizontal polarization, a right hand circular polarization, or a left hand circular polarization.
The following mode table characterizes the feed characteristics for feed points A, B, C, and D to provide for the required polarization characteristic of the antenna:
Here i indicates a 90� phase shift. In one embodiment, the meander line structures rather than them being carried exteriorly on each of the plates, are carried internal to the horn.
When these square horn shaped elements are placed side by side in an array or are concatenated, the arraying itself of the elements increases the ultra widebandwidth capabilities of the array.
In a transmitting scenario, it will be seen that for vertical polarization, the feed points for the top and bottom are driven in-phase, whereas the side plates remain undriven. For a horizontal polarization, the opposed side plates are driven in-phase, with the top and bottom plates being undriven. For right hand circular polarization and left hand circular polarization, the opposed side plates are driven in-phase, whereas the opposed top and bottom plate feeds are driven with a −90� phase shift for right hand polarization, and with a 90� phase shift for left hand circular polarization.
Generation of the appropriate feed signals is simply accomplished using a standard quadrature hybrid combiner coupled to linear combiner, or conversely in the receive mode by using a combination of the standard quadrature hybrid combiner with linear combiners, one can process the output signals from the antenna so as to give the antenna the selected polarization characteristic.
Note that the cross-polarization is about half of the port isolation.
It will be appreciated that what is needed to provide the dual polarity is to change the rectangular solid side plate of a Vivaldi notch/MLA antenna and convert it into another Vivaldi notch/meander line loaded antenna by patterning the Vivaldi notch into the side plates. Thus what one has done is to utilize a second Vivaldi notched plate as a substitute for the side plate for the original antenna. It will be appreciated that the purpose of the side plate is to give the structure a dipole response, in which the meander line loaded antenna has both vertical and horizontal plates, with meander lines attached between the vertical and horizontal plates. The result is that in converting the vertical or side plates into a Vivaldi notch/MLA structure, one can obtain a three-dimensional device which when fed appropriately, can be provided with a right hand polarization characteristic, a left hand polarization characteristic, a horizontal polarization characteristic, or a vertical polarization characteristic.
As noted above, there is virtually no interaction between the separate Vivaldi notch/MLA antenna elements. When feeding the opposed side plates in-phase, and looking at the current induced in the top and bottom plates, terminated at 50 MHz, one finds almost no cross talk. Here the cross talk is 20 dB down. With cross talk down 20 dB at 50 MHz, at the high end the cross talk is more than 40 dB down.
The fact that cross talk is minimal is positive, because one always wants to have the antenna lobes that are independent and orthogonal. As measured, it has been found that these lobes are in fact independent and orthogonal.
In summary, the combination of a Vivaldi notch and a meander line loaded antenna for ultra wide bandwidth is provided with dual polarity by providing orthogonally oriented Vivaldi notched structures coupled to each other at the edges thereof. Mode selection is provided by selectively switching between linear and circular polarization modes through selective input coupling techniques. Each side of the dual polarity Vivaldi notch/MLA plates includes a bifurcated plate with one end of the bifurcated plate having exponentially curved Vivaldi notch surfaces ahead of a cavity opened at the rear end to the bifurcation notch. The side plates for the top plate structure are themselves Vivaldi notch structures, with their side plates being the ajoining top or bottom plate. In each case, internally carried meander lines connect the adjacent plates together.
These and other features of the subject invention will be better understood in connection with the Detailed Description in conjunction with the Drawings, of which:
Before discussion of the modifications to a linear polarized combined Vivaldi notch/meander line loaded antenna configuration which results in the ability to switch between linear polarizations and circular polarizations, and referring now to
Referring to
As mentioned hereinbefore, it is a feature of the Vivaldi notch antenna that its upper frequency cut-off is virtually unlimited. Thus it is typical for the Vivaldi notch antennas to operate from for instance from 100 MHz up to 10-20 GHz.
While this wide bandwidth operation is desirable, in some instance, the low frequency cut-off of such a Vivaldi notch antenna is restricted due to the fact that as one descends lower and lower in frequency, the feed is looking into a dead short. The result is no effective radiated energy below 100 MHz.
In an effort to decrease the low frequency cut-off of the antenna
In an effort to lower the low frequency cut-off of the Vivaldi notch antenna, the top plate is bifurcated as illustrated so as to leave a slot 46 between the plates aft of cavity 44. What this does is to provide the opportunity for forming a dipole antenna having a low frequency cut-off much lower than that associated with the Vivaldi notch portion of the antenna.
In order to complete the meander line loaded proportion of the antenna, downwardly depending side plates 50 and 52 are coupled to associated top plates 32 and 34 through meander lines 54 and 56 respectively. Each of the meander lines has an upstanding portion 58, a laterally projecting portion 60, a downwardly depending portion 62, and a folded back portion 64 attached at its distal end to an edge of plate 34, with the folded back portion being electrically insulated from the respective plate by an insulating layer 66. Note that in one embodiment for a 50 MHz to 1500 MHz antenna the width 70 of the combination is 4 inches and the width 71 of the side plates is 4 inches.
It is the purpose of the meander line loaded structure to reduce the overall physical size of the dipole section of this antenna while at the same time decreasing the low frequency cut-off of this section by effectively canceling the reactance. Thus, as the operating frequency of the antenna decreases, the reactance cancellation results in a VSWR of less than 3:1 down to, for instance in one embodiment, 50 MHz, and in some instances, down to 20 MHz to 30 MHz
It has been found that the operation of the Vivaldi notch is not affected by the dipole portion of the antenna and as such the top or high frequency cut-off is unaltered by the meander line structure. On the other hand, it has been found that low frequency cut-off of the combined structure is that associated with the meander line loaded antenna portion.
Additionally, it has been found that the transition between low frequency and high frequency is smooth, and that there are no discontinuities in operation as one goes from a lower frequency to a higher frequency.
At the higher frequencies, it is the Vivaldi notch portion of the antenna which is active, whereas at the lower frequencies, it is the meander line loaded antenna dipole which is active.
Moreover, the width of the antenna as illustrated by double ended arrow 70 is indeed minimized by virtue of the meander line loaded antenna structure, it being noted that the meander line loaded structure is in general utilized to provide miniaturization for antennas by reducing the overall size of the antennas involved.
In terms of the antenna pattern from the antenna of
Referring now to
Here a square cross-sectioned horn structure 80 has a top plate 82 which is identical to the plates 32 and 34 of FIG. 2. However, the side plates, rather than being of the type illustrated at 50 and 52 in
It is noted that a bottom plate 100 is utilized to complete the horn structure, with the Vivaldi notch therein defined by edges 88′″ and 90′″.
For convenience, the feed points for side plate 86 are designated A, for top plate 82 are designated B, for side plate 84 are designated C, and for bottom plate 100 are designated D. It is these feed points, when appropriately connected to a processor 101 that provide for a vertical polarization, a horizontal polarization, a right hand circular polarization, or a left hand circular polarization.
What will be apparent from looking at the square horn structure of
Referring to
The processing of
Referring to
For a right hand circular polarized result, combiner 101 drives feed points A and C with in-phase signals, and drives feed points B and D with −90� out of phase signals, whereas for a left hand circular polarization result, one likewise drives feed points A and C with in-phase signals, but rather provides feed points B and D with +90� phase shifted input signals.
Referring to
As will be appreciated, it is the purpose of the meander line structures to complete the dipole portion of the combined antenna. Moreover, it is been found that the particular placement of the meander lines is not particularly critical, although the symmetric pinwheel type arrangement shown in
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
Having now described a few embodiments of the invention, and some modifications and variations thereto, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative and not limiting, having been presented by the way of example only. Numerous modifications and other embodiments are within the scope of one of ordinary skill in the art and are contemplated as falling within the scope of the invention as limited only by the appended claims and equivalents thereto.
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Why did India fail to get full membership in the Washington Accord? Will autonomy for NBA help to strengthen the quality of engineering education?
Educationists are making a serious introspection into why India's attempt for full-fledged membership of the Washington Accord, an international agreement for standardising engineering education, turned futile for the second time late last year.
The first bid for becoming a part of the International Engineering Alliance was made in 2007 by the National Board of Accreditation (NBA), a body of the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE). The provisional membership status of NBA in the Washington Accord has been extended again. The reason being cited is that the accreditation system of the NBA is not in conformity with global standards. Signed in 1989, the Accord recognises four-year undergraduate degrees earned in a signatory country. India's expectation in signing the agreement is the mobility it will enhance for engineering graduates to go to any of the signatory countries: Australia, Canada, Taipei, Hong Kong, Ireland, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, South Africa, United Kingdom and United States, for jobs or further studies.
Quality initiatives are apparently being accorded a thrust in India.
As per AICTE's revised criteria for accreditation, the overall placement success, enrolment status, and facilities for career guidance are all vital quality determiners. There is an appreciable level of awareness about NBA in Tamil Nadu. With 55 engineering colleges getting their programmes accredited by the NBA, Tamil Nadu accounts for the highest number of accredited colleges and programmes.
Nevertheless, according to educationists, precious little has been done to address the apparent reason for rejection of NBA by the International Engineering Alliance. Unlike in other signatory countries where accreditation of engineering programmes is being done by professional bodies, the NBA in India functions under the AICTE, a regulatory body. The natural shift of NBA to accredit programmes approved by the AICTE is all too apparent.
It is not that India lacks professional bodies. Institution of Engineers, Indian Society for Technical Education, Indian National Academy of Engineering et al are capable of evolving standards suiting global quality parameters, educationists believe. "The functions of NBA, a statutory authority, have to be independent. But it is still in the shadow of AICTE. The influence of AICTE is increasingly being felt in NBA. The earlier rigour is missing," said S. Vaidyasubramanian, Dean, Planning and Development, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, which was the only private university amongst the five institutions that obtained NBA accreditation soon after its formation.
The rest of the institutions were National Institutes of Technology. "There is a perceptible dilution in the rigour of accreditation," he said, adding that NBA can be purposeful in the country and command respect globally if it has a clear focus on engineering education and desist from being subservient to AICTE.
"The Act of AICTE by which NBA was formed speaks only about formation of the body. It does not say the chairman of the AICTE will control the accreditation body. If it is to be controlled by the AICTE, NBA will lack autonomy and the value of its accreditation will become questionable, according to the former Member Secretary of NBA and former Anna University vice-chancellor, A. Kalanidhi.
"The NBA in the present form is unacceptable. The AICTE chairman is not the custodian of the Act by which NBA was formed," according to Dr. Kalanidhi. However, he is surprised by the heavy weather India has been making of late on seeking membership of the Washington Accord.
"Unless the specific benefits of getting into the Washington Accord are substantiated, merely obtaining membership becomes meaningless. It is not as though students of India are not going abroad for further studies or jobs for want of a membership in the Accord. What purpose will a membership in the Washington Accord that entails heavy expenditure serve when the very foundation for technical education in the country is weak," he reasoned out, advocating complete autonomy in the real sense of the term to NBA with the primary objective of strengthening the quality of engineering education in India.
Keywords: Engineering education, AICTE, NBA, Washington Accord, International Engineering Alliance, National Board of Accreditation, All India Council for Technical Education, accreditation, technical education

subset: commoncrawl


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About 70 houses, which have encroached the Puttenahalli Lake at JP Nagar, will be demolished within a week. This was announced by chairman of the BBMP standing committee for horticulture K Raganna on Friday.
The chairman, during his inspection, was irked by the slow progress in the development of the lake and for not removing the encroachment which was hindering the progress.
"The houses will be removed within a week and lake development should be taken up soon, " he said.
The Puttenahalli Lake stretches across 13.25 acres of which about 1.21 acres has been encroached upon. The BBMP was able to clear about 4 guntas of encroachment.
"About 70 houses had llegally come up at Lakshmi Layout at Lake Place. Seven years back, the local leaders had illegally sold the place to the people taking from each of them Rs50,000 to Rs 1 lakh. The families are increasing day by day," said Puttenahalli ward corporator L Ramesh.
"BBMP commissioner also inspected the lake and served notices to the illegally occupied people. But on humanitarian grounds, the local MLA had agreed to provide them land, power and water at Bettadaspura near Electronic City. But these people are not ready to go there. We will give them time to move out of the place. If they don't agree, we will demolish their illegal houses," Ramesh added.
The members first visited the Uttarahalli Moge Lake near Shivaganga Layout which spreads across 15 acres 16 guntas. According to the BBMP officials, about 8 guntas had been encroached by the public. So a resurvey of the lake areas has been in progress.
The total project allotment for the lake development is Rs376.80 lakh. The work started in June 2009 and the first phase of the work like de-silting, embankment and riveting had been completed for Rs74.98 lakh. The second phase of work is in progress for Rs144.87 lakh.
BBMP officials are working on inlet water drain where the sewage water is diverted to the channel. Works on RCC culvert, downstream improvement and watchman's shed are also in progress. The depth of the lake is 2.1 metres. Earlier, the water-storing capacity used to be 40,000 cubic metres. The capacity will be increased to 75,000 cubic metres after desilting. Officials said a sewage treatment plant (STP) will be set up near the lake for Rs160 lakh. The tender process is under way and the plant will be set up in a few months.
While the BBMP officials are saying that the lake land has been encroached upon, N Gopi, a resident of the areas, said they do not have any proper map of the area.
"The forest department came and surveyed the lake and constructed fencing around the lake to avoid the encroachment. After that, the BBMP surveyed the area and finally the thalisdhar surveyed it. The three survey sketches look different. After the chain fencing was done by the forest department, I constructed a house on the other side of the fencing.
But the BBMP is saying that I have encroached 150 ft of their area. So I have requested the BBMP to resurvey the area which they are doing. If they find that I have encroached the area, let them demolish my house," Gopi said. The committee members also visited the 2.6-acre Dorai Kere at Uttarahalli. The project was estimated at Rs8 crore and it included a Rs2.10-crore STP. The project was taken up by Sspcon System Ltd on BOT system. Of the 10 mld sewage water from the drain, 9 mld water will be left on the pipeline while 1 mld water will be treated.


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Meet The 'Breaking Bad' Chemist Who's Helping Make Science CoolMay 7, 2015 5:38 pm | by Meagan Parrish, Editor, Chem.Info | Comments
Dr. Donna Nelson, the former scientific advisor to the hit-show "Breaking Bad" and president-elect of the American Chemical Society talks Hollywood, making meth, and the most urgent issue facing the chemical industry.
The World's Largest Chemical Complex — By The (Big) NumbersMay 6, 2015 2:58 pm | by Meagan Parrish, Editor, Chem.Info | Comments
Based in Saudi Arabia, Sadara Chemical Company is a joint venture between Dow Chemical Company and Saudi Aramco, and the mega facility promises to be a game-changer for the chemicals industry.
Illinois County Does Booming Business in Asbestos LawsuitsApril 30, 2015 10:04 am | by ALAN SCHER ZAGIER, Associated Press | Comments
Since 2005, these lawsuits have generated a $14 million surplus for Edwardsville and solidified Madison County's place at the center of a long-running national debate over personal-injury claims.
Six Key Factors Influencing The Oil MarketApril 21, 2015 9:33 am | by Andy Szal, Digital Reporter | Comments
How long will oil prices stay low? The speculation game continues. Here are the key indicators that will continue to impact the market in the coming months.
Behind The Lens of 5 Iconic AP Photos of The BP Oil SpillApril 20, 2015 9:45 am | by The Associated Press | Comments
Coverage of the BP oil spill back in 2010 began as a sprint, trying to find out who had been hurt in the explosion aboard the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig, and how bad the leak might get. It turned into a marathon as at least 134 million gallons of crude spewed from the well over 87 days.
Pics of The Day: Would You Eat This?April 15, 2015 5:10 pm | by Meagan Parrish, Editor, Chem.Info | Comments
Creepy crawlies are a growing craze in the food industry. Because of its eco-friendly edge, the burgeoning industry is attracting food enthusiasts and innovators alike, who are leveraging bugs to create sustainable solutions in agriculture.
Environmentalists Kick up Dust at Fracking Industry in Drought-Stricken CaliforniaApril 15, 2015 3:58 pm | by Meagan Parrish, Editor, Chem.Info | Comments
California is choking on a worsening drought and needs more hydration. Fracking uses lots of water. Ergo, fracking must be making the drought worse. Right? Not necessarily, many are saying.
Texas Residents Worried Dioxin Could be Causing Cancer ClusterApril 14, 2015 9:49 am | by SUSAN CARROLL, Houston Chronicle | Comments
A cancer cluster investigation had found elevations of childhood eye and brain stem cancer of a "sufficient magnitude to warrant further investigation," a lead epidemiologist wrote.
Consumers Want 'Natural' Foods, But What Does That Even Mean?April 8, 2015 9:39 am | by Kari Imberg, Associate Editor, Food Manufacturing | Comments
After decades of debate, there is still no generally accepted definition of a "natural" food product.
Is Fracking Responsible For Earthquakes In Oklahoma?April 8, 2015 9:26 am | by Maura Falk, Associate Editor, Industrial Maintenance & Plant Operations | Comments
As the earthquakes in Oklahoma increase, the debate over the link between seismic activity and fracking rages on.


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we are in the middle of no where their is no place to go and their is not enough stuff on campus
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I just don't see it around as much.
The transportation on campus is iffy. Some days it runs; some days it doesn't. On the days that it does run, it never follows the schedule. Most students just walk. The nearest airport is 2 hours away, and there is no campus nor public transportation to carry students off campus to the store or anything. You have to have a friend with a car for that.
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Dreamless Sleep?
One complication ensues. When people awaken during REM sleep, they often report vivid dreams with extensive narratives. Although consciousness during dreams is not the same as during wakefulness—most noticeably insight and self-reflection are absent—dreams are consciously experienced and felt. So does the fetus dream when in REM sleep? This is
not known. But what would it dream of?
After birth, dream content is informed by recent and more remote memories. Longitudinal studies of dreaming in children by retired American psychologist David Foulkes suggest that dreaming is a gradual cognitive development that is tightly linked to the capacity to imagine things visually and to visuospatial skills. Thus, preschoolers' dreams are often static and plain, with no characters that move or act, hardly any feelings and no memories. What would dreaming be like for an organism that spends its time suspended in a sort of isolation tank, with no memories, and no way to imagine anything at all? I wager that the fetus experiences nothing in utero; that it feels the way we do when we are in a deep, dreamless sleep.
The dramatic events attending delivery by natural (vaginal) means cause the brain to abruptly wake up, however. The fetus is forced from its paradisic existence in the protected, aqueous and warm womb into a hostile, aerial and cold world that assaults its senses with utterly foreign sounds, smells and sights, a highly stressful event.
As Hugo Lagercrantz, a pediatrician at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, discovered two decades ago, a massive surge of norepinephrine—more powerful than during any skydive or exposed climb the fetus may undertake in its adult life—as well as the release from anesthesia and sedation that occurs when the fetus disconnects from the maternal placenta, arouses the baby so that it can deal with its new circumstances. It draws its first breath, wakes up and begins to experience life.
Note: This article was originally printed with the title, "When Does Consciousness Arise?"


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2010 SEC Fearless Predictions
Week 5 ... Oct. 2, Part 2
East |
South Carolina
Ole Miss
Miss State
More College Football Picks (and NFL, too)
SEC Fearless Predictions
25 |
Sept. 18 |
Sept. 11 | Sept. 4
CFN SEC Predictions: SU:32-3
Oct. 2
(Florida at Alabama)
Alcorn State (3-0) at Mississippi State (2-2) Oct. 2, 12:00, ESPN3.com
Here's The Deal … Just when it seemed like Mississippi State's season was falling into the abyss after two straight SEC losses to Auburn and LSU, a tight 24-12 win over Georgia might have changed everything around. While the Bulldogs aren't going to win the SEC title, they have a good young nucleus of players and just enough talent across the board to be a tough battle for all the big boys left on the schedule. With road dates at Florida and Alabama ahead, along with tough conference games against Kentucky, Arkansas, and at Ole Miss, MSU can be forgiven if it gets a week off against a SWAC school. Alcorn State has already matched last year's win total after a 41-21 win over Alabama State, and while it'll be a player in the conference title chase, it's going to have to spend a week taking its lumps before diving back into the SWAC against Texas Southern.
Why Alcorn State Might Win: The offense is fun and the defense forces a slew of mistakes. Sophomore Gabriel Nash has been solid on the ground so far, while Brandon Bridge is a dangerous dual-threat playmaker who has just enough skill to keep the ASU attack moving if MSU isn't fully focused. While turnovers are a problem, giving the ball away eight times so far, the defense is a takeaway machine with eight picks and five fumble recoveries in just three games. There's a chance that several good Bulldog drives go for naught if ball security becomes a problem.
Why Mississippi State Might Win: The ASU secondary has struggled so far. While not exactly facing a who's who of passing games, the Braves haven't improved enough after a rough 2009 when the defense allowed over 32 points per game. MSU can win this by running the ball 50 times, but games like this are for sharpening up, and the passing game could still use some tuning despite a strong performance from Chris Relf last week. MSU has to open up the attack a bit more, and it should be able to this week.
What To Watch Out For: Relf is known for being more of a runner than a passer, but against Georgia he did a little of everything right completing 9-of-14 passes for 148 yards and two touchdowns, while running for 109 yards. Tyler Russell is the star of the future, and possibly the very near future, but as long as Relf isn't making mistakes and is able to keep the turnovers down and the efficiency up, he'll lead the attack. In a game like this, he needs to use the live reps to complete more throws down the field.
What Will Happen: Alcorn State should be able to come up with just enough offense to keep the score from getting too out of hand, but the defense is about to be steamrolled over. MSU might be ready for a letdown and it can still win this without a problem. It just might take 20 minutes or so.
CFN Prediction: Mississippi State 41 … Alcorn State 13 … 5Dimes.com Line: No Line
Must See Rating: Katy Perry on Sesame Street - 5 … Eastbound & Down - 1 … 1
- Expert Football Predictions from ATS Consultants - Absolutely Free.
- Get Tickets For Your Team, Any Game
Tennessee (2-2) at LSU (4-0) Oct. 2, 3:30, CBS
Here's The Deal … There was a time not all that long ago when this matchup would've stopped the world. The two battled for the 2007 SEC Championship with LSU pulling out a 21-14 win, and the Tigers screwed up the Vols 2001 national title hopes with a win in the SEC title game, but UT has won two of the last three regular season games. This year, LSU is in the national championship chase, whether it plays like it or not, and if the team is any good, it should win this game in a walk. Tennessee isn't Tennessee. Derek Dooley's team is struggling to find its niche after getting obliterated by Oregon, whacked by Florida, and pushed in double overtime by UAB. With four road trips in the next five games, it's possible things get a whole bunch worse before they get better, but a win in Baton Rouge would change things around in a big hurry before going to Georgia. LSU hasn't been impressive, but it keeps on winning with a 2-0 SEC record and a solid win over a West Virginia team that will probably win the Big East. However, the passing game is a disaster and there's just enough inconsistency that could lead to a shocking upset, but the defense is just good enough to win in a blowout if the Vols play like they did last week.
Why Tennessee Might Win: There's bad, there's miserable, and there's the LSU passing game. Despite owning one of the most talented receiving corps in college football, with a stable full of pro prospects, LSU continues to be awful throwing the ball averaging just 110 yards per game while ranking 113th in the nation in passing efficiency. To say things aren't clicking is being kind, with the Tiger quarterbacks, mostly Jordan Jefferson, combining to complete just 45-of-81 throws for 440 yards and two touchdowns with four interceptions. One of Tennessee's biggest weaknesses, the pass rush that has generated just three sacks so far, won't be exposed considering Jefferson can't get the ball downfield anyway.
Why LSU Might Win: There's bad, there's miserable, and there's Tennessee on third downs. Nevada leads the nation converting 63% of its third down chances, while 40% is the norm. Only nine teams are converting fewer than 30% of their chances, and just two are under 20%. San Jose State is one, and Tennessee is the other converting a mere 18.97% of third down tries. 11-of-58 chances. Meanwhile, the LSU defense has been terrific on third downs allowing teams to convert just 27.6% of their chances. In other words, Tennessee isn't likely to go on any long drives against a defense that's doing a fantastic job of getting into the backfield and being disruptive and has been a rock against the run. If Tennessee can't run the ball, it doesn't have a shot.
What To Watch Out For: Tennessee, do … not … kick … to … Patrick Peterson. The LSU superstar corner has had a nice year so far on defense, making two highlight reel picks against Mississippi State, but he has been the biggest difference maker on two key punt returns scoring against both North Carolina and West Virginia in six point victories. Along with several other problems, punting has been a problem for the Vols ranking 103rd in the nation in punt return yards allowed giving up 16 yards per pop and a score. Offensively, Tennessee has to hope RB Tauren Poole can come back healthy after suffering a deep thigh bruise, and if he can't produce, it might be David Oku or bust or else Matt Simms and the passing attack will have to try to pull off the upset.
What Will Happen: LSU doesn't win pretty, but it wins. Tennessee doesn't have nearly enough pop on offense to take advantage of all the chances the mediocre LSU offense will provide, but it'll hang around for three quarters before the final score gets slightly out of hand.
CFN Prediction: LSU 27 … Tennessee 10 … 5Dimes.com Line: LSU -16
Must See Rating: Katy Perry on Sesame Street - 5 … Eastbound & Down - 1 … 2.5
- Expert Football Predictions from ATS Consultants - Absolutely Free.
- Get Tickets For Your Team, Any Game
Georgia (1-3) at Colorado (2-1) Oct. 2, 7:00, FSN
Here's The Deal … The absolute last thing Georgia needs right now is a road trip to Colorado. The Buffs might not be all that great, but they've had two weeks off since bombing away on Hawaii and could use a nice home victory before diving into Big 12 play against Missouri. Georgia could use a win against anyone. The Dawgs have enough talent to play with anyone in the country, but they can't find any consistency on offense and the defense has been a stunning disappointment on a three game SEC losing streak. They got run over by South Carolina, bombed on by Arkansas, and simply outplayed by Mississippi State, but things get easier next week with Tennessee and Vanderbilt coming to Athens. With a win in Boulder, Georgia will likely be 4-3 going into the road game a Kentucky and the season will have turned around. With a loss, the Mark Richt era could be on life support. Even with Georgia being so bad, this would be a tremendous win for Dan Hawkins; though it wouldn't prove that Colorado is back. If nothing else, these are two desperate teams looking to make a statement of some sort, and while it might not be the most beautifully played game of the weekend, it should be entertaining.
Why Georgia Might Win: For an offense that's struggling as much as Georgia's is, the more easy opportunities, the better. Colorado has had a devil of a time hanging on to the ball, giving it up eight times in three games including four turnovers against Hawaii. Combine that with penalties, lots and lots of penalties (ranking 115th in the nation with 9.33 per game), and CU will screw up just enough to give the Dawgs a few breaks. At some point, the Bulldog defense is going to start playing up to its talent level and will utilize all the speed and athleticism up front to make big things happen in the backfield. There haven't been nearly enough sacks, but that could change this week against a Buff offensive front that's getting quarterback Tyler Hansen hit early and often.
Why Colorado Might Win: For all of its issues and inconsistencies, the Colorado offense is keeping the chains moving. The two offenses are equally mediocre, but the Buffs can at least connect on third downs on a regular basis converting a rock-solid 51% of their chances. Georgia hasn't been able to consistently throw the ball a lick so far this year, but the running game won't pick up the slack against a Colorado defensive front that held Shane Vereen and the Cal ground attack under wraps and is allowing a mere 72 rushing yards per outing. Playing Hawaii helps the stats a wee bit, but the Colorado defensive front has been excellent.
What To Watch Out For: Alright, A.J., now let's see if you really were the difference. Superstar Georgia WR A.J. Green was suspended for the first four games of the season after selling a game jersey, and the team's offensive woes have been blamed on not having its top playmaker to work with. While it's not quite right to assume Green would've meant a 3-1 start instead of 1-3, there's no question that his presence and ability opens things up for the rest of the attack while providing QB Aaron Murray with someone who can catch the ball. Colorado, of course, knows that Green is going to try to make a statement right away, and it'll be up to Jimmy Smith to keep that from happening. Smith might not be the top ten pro prospect that Green is, but he's a probable first rounder, at the very least a top 50 pick, with a terrific combination of skills. At 6-2 and 210 pounds with 4.4 speed, he has the size and the wheels to match up well with Green, and if he dominates the matchup, at least when he's on him, he'll make himself a ton of money while moving up several charts.
What Will Happen: Georgia has the better team, but Colorado is rest with two weeks to prepare. As bad as the Buffs have been over the last few years, they're solid at home, for the most part, beating Oklahoma in 2007, a strong West Virginia team in 2008, and Texas A&M last year. Georgia's problems go beyond Green, and the season will sink further into the abyss as the Buffs play surprisingly well in a close win.
CFN Prediction: Colorado 23 … Georgia 19 … 5Dimes.com Line: Georgia -5
Must See Rating: Katy Perry on Sesame Street - 5 … Eastbound & Down - 1 … 3
- Expert Football Predictions from ATS Consultants - Absolutely Free.
- Get Tickets For Your Team, Any Game
Oct. 2
(Florida at Alabama)


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Arbor Live! (2009– )
TV Series | | Music
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Global rock star Stevie Salas hosts ARBOR LIVE, a high energy, fast paced music variety show featuring emerging Aboriginal artists along side today's global super stars. Join Stevie, his ... See full summary »
Stars:Eric Schweig, Stevie Salas, Dave Sheridan | See full cast and crew »


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Thousands Of Undiscovered Plant Species Face Extinction
Faced with threats such as habitat loss and climate change, thousands of rare flowering plant species worldwide may become extinct before scientists can even discover them, according to a paper published today by a trio of American and British researchers in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
"Scientists have estimated that, overall, there could be between 5 million and 50 million species, but fewer than 2 million of these species have been discovered to date," says lead author Lucas Joppa of Microsoft Research in Cambridge, U.K., who received his doctorate from Duke University earlier this year. "Using novel methods, we were able to refine the estimate of total species for flowering plants, and calculate how many of those remain undiscovered."
Based on data from the online World Checklist of Selected Plant Families at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, the scientists calculated that there are between 10 and 20 percent more undiscovered flowering plant species than previously estimated. This finding has "enormous conservation implications, as any as-yet-unknown species are likely to be overwhelmingly rare and threatened," Joppa says.
The new, more accurate estimate can be used to infer the proportion of all threatened species, says coauthor David Roberts of the Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology at the University of Kent. "If we take the number of species that are currently known to be threatened, and add to that those that are yet to be discovered, we can estimate that between 27 percent and 33 percent of all flowering plants will be threatened with extinction," he says.
"That percentage reflects the global impact of factors such as habitat loss. It may increase if you factor in other threats such as climate change," Joppa adds.
"The timing couldn't be more perfect," says co-author Stuart Pimm, Doris Duke Professor of Conservation Ecology at Duke's Nicholas School of the Environment. "The year 2010 is the International Year of Biodiversity. We wrote the paper to help answer the obvious questions: How much biodiversity is out there, and how many species will we lose before they are even discovered?"
On the Net:


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In a rare instance of public civility, two of LaCucaracha's most bitter political enemies reluctantly agreed that they had a few things in common. In the end, however, this brief agreement did not lead to the softening of either's feelings toward each other.
The incident occurred last Friday at Guerrero's House of Tacos when local organic rancher, Kevin Tongate, was discussing the status of his organic beef and veal operation with Guerrero's owner, Ruben Guerrero. Unbeknownst to Tongate, standing nearby was his mortal enemy, Teddy "Tree Hugger" Ross (eating a vegetarian taco, of course). When Tongate mentioned something about his cattle being prohibited from eating anything that had been touched by synthetics, pesticides, herbicides or unnatural fertilizers, Ross found himself involved in the conversation without even knowing it. "I looked over," said Guerrero, "and the two of them are going on and on about working with nature rather than forcing their expectations on the land, and no confinement for the animals, and farming and ranching with integrity, and blah, blah, blah. Frankly, I was getting a little bored. And they were starting to scare me. I mean, they were getting real cozy. I had to break it up, so I'm like, 'hey, Shields and Yarnell, do I need to get you two tickets to an Adam Lambert show or what?'"
This apparently did the trick, as Tongate and Ross immediately began to antagonize one another as they normally do. "You know, Tree Hugger," began Tongate, "on my way over here I picked off a couple of golden cheeked warblers that I think I'll shish kabob this evening. I'd invite you over, but you'll probably be busy practicing protesting by chaining yourself to a blow up doll with the PETA president's face taped to it."
"Gee," said Ross as he and Tongate exited the restaurant, "when will you have time to cook? I mean, there's only so much time to drop some Oxycontin, play with your Rush Limbaugh bobble-head doll and forward some bogus emails about Obama's birth certificate, right?"
And with that things were back to normal.


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30 year old man | San Francisco, CA, USA | Seeking women 23-35 within 50 miles
When it comes right down to it we all like most of the same things, laughing, eating out, traveling ,sports, art.... So I'll point out a few things that will actually give you an idea of what makes me, me -(and hopefully not butcher the english language too much in the process ;) I was raised in a colonial town in central Mexico, to this day it is one of the most beautiful places I have been. Traveling alone in Europe, the Americas, and parts of Asia allowed me to appreciate the basic things in human connection everywhere. I have been blessed with strangely good fortune, enjoy owning my own company, making my own schedule and working hard for what I have. I am on this site because it seemed exciting and fun . I am looking to have a great time and enjoy exploring new connection. I am generally the kind of person who can make almost anything fun so don't be shy I want to hear from you, there are only so many ways to see if there is a spark any ways, am I right?
Coffee and conversation , Dining out , Fishing/Hunting , Movies/Videos , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Nightclubs/Dancing , Performing arts , Travel/Sightseeing
Auto racing / Motorcross, Dancing, Martial arts, Other types of exercise, Running, Walking / Hiking, Weights / Machines, Yoga
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
I have Dogs
The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
The Music I have ben getting into lately: SBTRKT, Milosh, Thom Yorke, Diplo, Lila Downs, Alexi Merdoc, Die Antwoord, Bon Iver, Edit.... Down hilling again after recovering for months from a crash
Sex at dawn, the prophet
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|6'0" (182cms)
|5'0" (152cms) to 6'1" (185cms)
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|Athletic and toned
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|Blue, Grey, Green, Hazel
|Light brown
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|No Way
|No Way, Cigar aficionado
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|Self-Employed / Entrepreneur
|No preference
|$100,001 to $150,000
|No preference
|Never Married
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|Have kids:
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|Someday, Not sure, Probably not, No, No, but it's OK if my partner has kids
|I'll tell you later
|No preference
|Agnostic, Atheist, Buddhist / Taoist, Jewish, Spiritual but not religious, Other, Christian / Other
|English, Spanish, Other
|Some college
|High school, Some college, Associates degree, Bachelors degree, Graduate degree, PhD / Post Doctoral


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March 24, 2014—Steve Silverman, President and COO of Abbey Carpet, and Kemp Harr, discuss some of the highlights of the Abbey Annual meeting in Orlando, FL. Listen to the interview to hear more about the products, challenges and overall good health of the organization.
March 21, 2014—John Baugy, Managing Director with Stifel Nicolaus, and Kemp Harr, discuss the highlights of the year end results for the floorcovering industry's publicly traded companies and John's outlook on the residential and commercial markets for 2014. Listen to the interview to hear more about John's outlook.
March 20, 2014—Werner Braun, retiring President of the Carpet and Rug Institute, and Kemp Harr, discuss Werner's background and his core accomplishments as the head of the trade association that focuses on the carpet industry. Werner is retiring at the end of March. Listen to the interview to hear what he plans to do next.
March 19, 2014—Michael Martin, CEO with the National Wood Flooring association (NWFA), and Kemp Harr, discuss the highlights and booking statistics for the upcoming NWFA show scheduled for April 16-18 in Nashville, Tennessee. Listen to the interview to hear more about the show's anticipated attendance, the keynote speaker, the downtown venue and more.
March 17, 2014—Shashi Caan, President of the International Federation of Interior Architects/Designers, and Kemp Harr, discuss the IFI's next Design Symposium that explores the relationship between design and economic growth. Listen to the interview to hear more details of the meeting which will be held in New York City on April 22nd and 23rd.
March 13, 2014—Recorded at the Fuse Alliance annual meeting in Amelia Island, Florida: Bob Plann, Sr Partner with Resource Arizona, and Kemp Harr, discuss Bob's focus on the A&D market for managing the specification process. Listen to the interview for more details.
March 12, 2014—Ron Lee and Geoff Gordon, Executive Director and Sr. VP of Business Development (respectively) with Fuse Alliance, discuss this week's Fuse Alliance annual meeting held in Amelia Island, Florida. Fuse Alliance is a network of commercial flooring contractors in the U.S. and Canada. Listen to the interview to hear details about the health of the membership and the progress of the group's national account program.
Rick Church, Executive Director of the Ceramic Tile Distributors Association, and Kemp Harr, discuss the upcoming Coverings show in Las Vegas scheduled for April 29 to May 2. Listen to the interview to hear Rick talk about the education tracks, keynote speakers and the benefits of attending this show.
March 10, 2014—U.S. Marine Retired, Corporal Todd Love, and Kemp Harr, discuss Mohawk and CCA Global's Building for America's Bravest initiative whereby the two companies are contributing funds to help build 47 homes for severly injured veterans. Listen to the interview to hear Todd's story and to hear more about this initiative. Information is also available on www.ourbravest.org.
March 7, 2014—Jamie Clingan, Sr. VP of Marketing with QEP, and Kemp Harr, discuss QEP's acquisition of Faus USA. Listen to the interview to hear more details about the strategic fit within QEP and the company's plans for this historic laminate brand in North America.
Chrome Hearts Jewelry Online
Chrome Hearts Hoodie
nobis parka


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The Signature Chefs Auction pays tribute to the culinary excellence of local chefs and wineries as you taste a sampling of their "signature" dishes and bid on exciting packages during a live and silent auction. Live music enhances the culinary delights as you mingle with friends and colleagues and bid on fabulous, once-of-a-lifetime packages in the live and silent auction where funds raised support the March of Dimes mission: to improve the health of all babies by preventing premature birth, birth defects, and infant mortality.
Your support is helping give every baby a healthy start in life. In addition, you'll taste fabulous dishes from restaurants like Brio, Cooper's Hawk Winery & Restaurant, Eddie Merlot's, G. Michael's, Le Gateau, PF Changs, Spaghetti Warehouse, Texas de Brazil, Refectory and more!
We are delighted to have the support of three outstanding individuals:
Co-Chair: Mr. Scott Schiff, Schiff & Associates
Co-Chair: Dr. Steven Gabbe, CEO, OSU Wexner Medical Center
Honorary Chair: Dr. Arthur R. James, MD, OSU Wexner Medical Center
As Mr. Schiff, Dr. Gabbe and Dr. James reach out to individuals and corporations alike for support of this event, there are many ways that you or your company can get involved to support the March of Dimes Signature Chefs Auction. Individual tickets are available as well as sponsorships ranging from $1,500 to the Elite Presenting Sponsor at $15,000. Your tax-deductible donation will continue our fight against prematurity and support stronger, healthier babies. Last year, over 4 million babies were born in the United States and the March of Dimes has helped each and every one through vaccines, research, eduation, and medical breakthroughs. You can be a part of this progress!
You won't want to miss our 21st Anniversary Signature Chefs Event! We have many outstanding restaurants and wine vendors that will be in attendance. However, the auction items and packages are really what may entice you...!
For additional information, please contact:
Devorah Kermisch, Executive Director
March of Dimes Central Ohio Division
975 Eastwind Dr., Suite 150
Westerville, OH 43081
The Signature Chefs Auction pays tribute to the culinary excellenc... more
The Dayton Signature Chefs Auction has been "sold-out" for the pas... more
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The Signature Chefs Auction of Miami County will showcase the culi... more


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Raul Meireles says he's settled quickly at Chelsea thanks to the presence of so many Portuguese.
Meireles has revealed that the presence of fellow Portugal internationals – and former manager Andre Villas-Boas – at Chelsea has made his move to Stamford Bridge easier than his Anfield switch.
"Bosingwa helped me a lot in the first few days," he said.
"Also, I know Paulo Ferreira and Hilario through the national team and I worked one month with the coach at Porto last year.
"It's good for me that they are here to help me. It's easier than this time last season when I went to Liverpool because I didn't know anybody then.
"This way is better for me."
Click here to reach the No1 destination for hard news and exciting gossip on Chelsea


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A night out with Roger Huerta & Friends in Patong Thailand's Red Light District. watch video >>
Aired live April 8th on Fox Sports Net, this complete fight replay features Roger Huerta squaring off against Chad Hinton in the quarterfinals of Bellator Fighting Championships Lightweight Tournamen watch video >>
Roger Huerta Bellator Press Conference watch video >>
Finally The real live action Tekken Trailer has arrived!! watch video >>
Guests Nate Marquardt, Jake Shields and Roger Huerta weigh in on the latest in mixed martial arts news with hosts Kenny Rice, Bas Rutten. Also, reporter Ron Kruck's exclusive interview with Randy Cou watch video >>
Bad Boy fighters greeting fans at UFC Fan Expo. Video features Diego Sanchez, Roger Huerta, Mario Yamasaki, Mauricio "Shogun" Rua, Steve Cantwell, and Wilson Reis. watch video >>
Roger Huerta and Brandon Vera Bets on De La Hoya vs Pacquiao Boxing Bout watch video >>
Countdown to UFC 87 Seek and Destroy. Featuring Georges St. Pierre, Jon Fitch, Kenny Florian, Roger Huerta, Brock Lesnar, and Heath Herring. watch video >>


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Traffic disrupted in the morning; many shops opened in the afternoon
The "Bharat Bandh" call given by the NDA, Left and UPA supporters like Samajwadi Party evoked a mixed response in the Capital with markets in Karol Bagh, Chandni Chowk, Sadar Bazar and Paharganj remaining closed, while shops in Connaught Place, Bhogal, Laxmi Nagar, Defence Colony and South Extension opening as the day progressed.
Traffic was disrupted at several place in the morning as hundreds of political workers descended on the streets. Even though buses and private vehicles plied on the roads, daily commuters had a tough time as a large number of auto-rickshaw kept off the roads during the early hours of the day. Traffic was disrupted at Lado Sarai, MB Road, Sai Baba Chowk, Rohini and Janakpuri. Vehicular movement was also affected at Nizamuddin-Ring Road, Tigri Khanpur, Apsara Border, Sindhu Border, Burari Chowk, Khajuri Chowk, Prashant Vihar and Paschim Vihar due to the protest.
Even though the Delhi Metro officials said their services were on schedule, BJP supporters entered metro stations in Rajiv Chowk, Karol Bagh, Tilak Nagar, Janakpuri West and Uttam Nagar stations posing as passengers and shouted slogans.
While government-run schools, colleges, offices and banks functioned normally, private schools, shops and businesses establishments were shut in many areas.
The Delhi unit of the BJP claimed that the bandh was a "historic success" and had the "popular support" of the citizens. "On the call of the BJP for Bharat Bandh on Thursday, the people of Delhi observed unprecedented and historical Delhi Mahabandh. More than 50,000 workers of BJP came out on the streets and made the Mahabandh a complete success," claimed State BJP chief Vijender Gupta.
On the other hand, Chief Minister Sheila Dikshit rejected the BJP claim and said the bandh had no impact on life in the city. "I am happy to say that Delhiites are mature enough to understand the negative impact of bandh. They have completely rejected the bandh. Their attitude has remained constructive. They keep themselves aloof from the efforts of political parties to derive political mileage out of any non-issue," Ms. Dikshit added.
Hundreds of BJP workers courted arrest at different places in the Capital.
Keywords: Bharat bandh, FDI in retail, diesel price hike


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A technical standard is an established norm or requirement about technical systems. It is usually a formal document that establishes uniform engineering or technical criteria, methods, processes and practices. In contrast, a custom, convention, company product, corporate standard, etc. which becomes generally accepted and dominant is often called a de facto standard. (Excerpt from Wikipedia article: Technical standard)
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Never Mind the Quality, Check the Badge-Width!
Alison McNab, Betsy Anagnostelis and Alison Cooke compare and contrast the methods used to identify and indicate which Internet-based resources are of high "quality".
May 1997, issue9, feature article


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SoftBrands to Webcast Second Quarter Fiscal 2009 Conference Call May 7
This call is being webcast and can be accessed at SoftBrands' website at www.softbrands.com. Interested parties may also listen to the call by dialing 866-804-6928 or international 857-350-1674 (passcode: 96917817). The replay number is 888-286-8010 or international 617-801-6888 (passcode: 34390268). The audio replay will be available through
About SoftBrands
SoftBrands, Inc. is a leader in providing software solutions for businesses in the manufacturing and hospitality industries worldwide. The company has established a global infrastructure for distribution, development and support of enterprise software, and has approximately 5,000 customers in more than 100 countries actively using its manufacturing and hospitality products. SoftBrands, which has approximately 740 employees, is headquartered in
SOURCE SoftBrands, Inc.


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A History of Pride: Post-Stonewall Activism on View at the NYPL
Tuesday, June 23, 2009
After the Stonewall riots, gay rights activists got louder, stronger, more organized. Some groups, like the Gay Liberation Front, took on a broad political platform, joining forces with movements for civil rights and women's rights. Other groups, like the Radicalesbians, had a more focused agenda.
The New York Public Library's exhibition, 1969: The Year of Gay Liberation, puts those diverse points of view on display; through photographs, letters, posters and private correspondence. Time's running out to see the show: it closes on June 30.
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French BistroRead MoreDaniel Gonzalez has a wealth of culinary knowledge. After working in a continental restaurant, he managed the argentinean steak house Rinc?n Argentino. He brings that know-how to French Bistro, a casual eatery offering French, continental, and steak-house cuisine. The menu is filled with French dishes, including escargot swimming in garlic butter and chicken normandy drizzled with a rich asparagus sauce. Myriad cuts of steak and seafood meals are available, and other European-influenced dishes dot the menu, such as gnocchi in a red sauce and chicken parmigiana served with an Italian flag as a napkin.13611 S Dixie HwyMiami, FL US
La Crepe BistroRead MoreLocated in La Crepe Bistro, La Crepe Bistro's crepes have a gooey inside and crisp outside. With no low-fat options served, come ready to eat your heart out. Grab the kids when you head to La Crepe Bistro — its family-oriented menu and ambience are perfect for the whole clan. Tap into the free wireless Internet at La Crepe Bistro. Enjoy the cool summer breezes on La Crepe Bistro's seasonally available outdoor seating. Dining out isn't your only option here — pickup is available, too. Easy parking is accessible for La Crepe Bistro's diners. Customers should be prepared to spend around $30, but more importantly, they should be prepared to enjoy a great meal. Reviewers heap high praise on the restaurant's brunch menu, but lunch and dinner are also available.7340 SW 57th AveSouth Miami, FL US
Crepe MakerRead MoreThe massage therapists at The Mobile SPA bring their chairs and tables to home and offices so clients can enjoy a relaxing massage without re-arranging their busy schedules. Full body Swedish, deep-tissue, and hot stone massages are all available, as well as chair massages that can be tailored to target specific areas of tension such as the neck, legs, and even the feet. And, in addition to massage, the spa offers several other mobile services, including soothing paraffin treatments and body contouring.5701 Sunset DrSouth Miami, FL US
Banna StrowsRead MoreCaffeine addicts in Doral flock to Banna Strows for a little extra energy throughout the day. Put the diet on pause when you visit Banna Strows — there are no low-fat menu items. Feeling a little shy? Carryout is available. Parking is available at an adjacent lot. Banna Strows's moderately-priced platters and top-notch taste bring foodies back to Banna Strows time and time again.1455 Northwest 107th AvenueDoral, FL US
Crepe MakerRead MoreLocated in Crepe Maker, Crepe Maker's crepes have a gooey inside and crisp outside. Don't expect to find any low-fat fare on Crepe Maker's menu — you'll need to be prepared to indulge a bit. Save money on a sitter — kids are welcome to join the table at Crepe Maker. Have a big celebration coming up? Consider the private room at Crepe Maker, perfect for large groups of revelers. Tap into the free wireless internet at Crepe Maker. Outdoor seating is ready for diners on those warm summer days. It's strictly first-come, first-served at Crepe Maker, so plan an early arrival for your pick of tables. Whether you're coming from work or a ballgame, the dress code at laid-back Crepe Maker is come-as-you-are. Call Crepe Maker for catering if you have a big event coming up. Getting your food to go is also an option. Find a space on the street or park in the lot not far from the restaurant. The food here is super budget-friendly, too, with most items costing less than $15. Early risers and night owls alike can enjoy Crepe Maker since it serves breakfast, lunch, and dinner.76 Miracle MileMiami, FL US
Pascal's On PonceRead MoreFor fine French cuisine, Pascal's On Ponce is a choice magnifique. The drink list at Pascal's On Ponce has everything you need to complete your meal (and your night out). At Pascal's On Ponce, the prime seating is on the patio. Come check out what all the buzz is about. Skip long waits and head to Pascal's On Ponce with your large group for easy seating. Reserve a table ahead of time and avoid the lines. Business casual dress, tasty food and a classic atmosphere makes this a great place for any occasion. Pascal's On Ponce prides itself in its delicious catering. Drivers will love the quick and easy valet and street parking close to Pascal's On Ponce. Pascal's On Ponce is a little bit on the pricey side, so save it for a special night out. Breakfast, lunch, and dinner are all served at the restaurant, but the dinner menu is the real standout.2611 Ponce De Leon BlvdCoral Gables, FL US


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Close Rolls, Henry V: September 1416
Calendar of Close Rolls, Henry V: Volume 1, 1413-1419
to Ralph Fyton and Lucy his wife and to the heirs of the said Ralph.
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General Index: F
Calendar of State Papers Domestic: Edward, Mary and Elizabeth, 1547-80
a pirate Fytleforde Fyton, G. Fyton, Mr. Fytzwilliam, William Fytzwilliams,
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Archdeacons: Stafford
Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300-1541: Volume 10, Coventry and Lichfield Diocese
Occ. 31 March 1413 ( ibid. f. 32b). M. John Fyton B.Th. 1415. Occ. 1415 ... this archdcnry 1418 when treasurer ( CPL. VII 199). M. John Fyton B.Th. (again)
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Close Rolls, Henry IV: July 1408
Calendar of Close Rolls, Henry IV: Volume 3, 1405-1409
of Yorkshire and Robert Fyton of Cheshire for John Fyton clerk, that he shall
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Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300-1541: Volume 3, Salisbury Diocese
31 Oct. (Harding, AC f. 16b). Exch. 7 March 1422 with John Fyton for preb. of Highworth (Reg. Chaundeler pt. i f. 51b). M. John Fyton B.Th.
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Prebendaries: Grantham Borealis
Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300-1541: Volume 3, Salisbury Diocese
Medford f. 102b). D. by 23 Feb. 1412 (Reg. Hallum f. 53). M. John Fyton M.A.
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Prebendaries: Ruscombe Southbury
Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300-1541: Volume 3, Salisbury Diocese
John Fyton M.A. 1410-1412. Instal. by proxy 13 Sept. 1410; in person 18
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Index: F
Calendar of State Papers, Ireland, 1586-1588
Anthony, of Galway, 437. , see Fyton and Phiton. FitzDavid, Edmund, 238. ... Henry, note of munition in Ireland, 230. Fyton, Sir Edward, Vice-Treasurer
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Index of Persons and Places: F
Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Volume 1, Henry III
Fites, co. York, p. 175. Fitun, Fyton, Richard, 841. Fitun, Hugh, 9. -, ... co. N'humbr'. See Fenrother. Fyswyke, Roger de, 252. Fyton. See Fitun.
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Fines of mixed counties: Henry IV and V
Staffordshire Historical Collections, Vol. 11
Stafford, Richard Fyton and Robert Fyton of co. Chester, complainants,
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Midwest in deep freeze after storm cancels flights
CHICAGO A powerful storm that unleashed snow and strong winds across the upper Midwest left behind dangerously cold temperatures, promising a new set of challenges for people working to dig out.
The weekend storm closed major highways in several states, canceled more than 1,600 flights in Chicago and collapsed the roof of the Minnesota Vikings' stadium. At least six weather-related deaths were reported. Nearly 2 feet of snow fell in parts of Minnesota and Wisconsin before marching east into Illinois, Indiana and Michigan.
The storm was headed northeast toward Canada, according to the National Weather Service, with some snow possible Monday in Michigan, northern Indiana through parts of Pennsylvania and New York. Nearly 2 feet of snow fell in parts of Minnesota and Wisconsin during the weekend.
Officials said plunging temperatures and winds could make clearing roads even more difficult and could lead to a slow morning commute, even in places where the storm had passed. With the wind chill, temperatures in some areas were expected to be well below zero.
"With the snow, pretty much the worst of it's over, but we're going to get cold temperatures through Tuesday," said Jim Taggart, National Weather Service meteorologist in Chanhassen, Minn.
He said the weather the region is experiencing is what it "normally would get in January" but not December.
In Minneapolis, heavy snow caused the inflatable roof of the Metrodome to collapse Sunday. Video inside the stadium aired by Fox Sports showed the inflatable Teflon roof sagging before it tore open, dumping massive amounts of snow across one end of the playing field.
No one was hurt, but the Vikings' game against the New York Giants had to be moved to Detroit's Ford Field. The day of the game had already been pushed back from Sunday to Monday because the storm kept the Giants from reaching Minneapolis on time. Stadium officials were trying to repair the roof in time for the Vikings' next home game, Dec. 20 against Chicago.
In the Chicago area, only a few inches of snow fell, but wind gusts of up to nearly 50 mph blew the roof off a building at Navy Pier and sent waves from Lake Michigan crashing onto Lake Shore Drive.
The wintry weather, with blowing snow that severely limited visibility, wreaked havoc on air and road travel.
At least 1,375 flights were canceled at O'Hare International Airport and more than 300 were canceled at Midway International Airport, Chicago Department of Aviation spokeswoman Karen Pride said.
Officials at O'Hare set up about 200 cots and provided amenity kits containing toothpaste and toothbrushes for stranded travelers, Pride said.
Jordan Ledoux was traveling back to Portland after a visit to Houston when he ended up stuck at O'Hare. He said it was possible he might not get home until Tuesday.
"This is the worst flying experience I've ever had," he told WBBM-TV.
Major highways in several states were closed due to poor driving conditions and accidents.


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On-loan Crystal Palace striker Shefki Kuqi was delighted to make his Fulham debut in Saturday's draw with Sunderland.
"I'm pleased to be back in the Premiership," the Finn told fulhamfc.com. "My first season in the Premiership was with Blackburn, I thought I did well but that's why I ended up leaving - because I wanted more minutes on the pitch. Blackburn bought a few more strikers and to be honest, Mark Hughes was fair to me, he said 'I'm not going to promise you that you're going to play every week, but you're going to play loads of games,' but I just felt I wanted a little bit more.
"I'm really pleased to be here. Everything's gone well so far and I just have to be patient, work hard and take my chance when it comes. It won't be a case of just getting in to the team and everything's there for you, but I'm training with the team and fitting in with the lads so everything's going well - slowly but surely."


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SandBAR Sports Grille
Category: Bars & Pubs
Location: Nai Yang, North Phuket
SandBAR Sports Grille in Nai Yang Beach Serving burgers, hotdogs and fries. Free Wi-Fi. Cocktails, beer, Tiger beer on...
The majority of bars and pubs are located in Patong but many can be found around the island. Other areas with a nightlife scene include Karon, Kata, Chalong and Rawai.
Soi Bangla is where the nightlife converges and there is a place for every taste available. Opening hours can be as early as 10:00am and closing can be very late. Happy Hour offered at some venues is usually late afternoon and 2 for 1 or half priced beers and cocktails can be purchased.
Please be aware that bars and pubs will close on certain Buddhist holidays.


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Camp Roosevelt Recreation Area
Camp Roosevelt Campground is the site of the first Civilian Conservation Corps Camp in the Nation. Follow the path through the CCC camp and view the foundations where the actual buildings once stood. ...[more]
From I-81: Take exit 279. Turn east on SR 675. At intersection of US 11 and SR 675 in the center of Edinburg (T-intersection), turn left onto US 11. Make another right turn back onto SR 675 at the north end of Edinburg. Follow SR 675 for 5.9 miles over Massanutten Mountain to STOP sign at Kings Crossing (T-intersection). Turn right and continue on SR 675 for 3.4 miles to an X-intersection of SR 675, FDR 274, and SR 730. Turn left, still on SR 675. Camp entrance is 0.3 miles up, on the left side of the road.
Additional InformationWest Virginia State Tourism>West Virginia State Road Conditions>
Weather InformationNational Weather Service (NOAA)