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Smack-dab in the middle of Joburg, the Protea Fire & Ice! is located in the hot lifestyle precinct of Melrose Arch. It's like watching the x-rated version of Bambi. Just as fire and ice are a singular combination, the dash of silver screen heroes and heroines, luxury-inspired decor and the exciting backdrop of Johannesburg combine to offer a truly unique experience. We offer friendly and bespoke service, an extremely quirky character, a fabulous gourmet restaurant and a myriad of exciting things to keep you busy! In fact, it would be a sin to leave without trying one of the decadent milkshakes the Melrose Arch Fire & Ice! is famous for. Oh, and another thing, you'd better fit in some celeb-spotting while you're here at the foremost experiential hotel in Melrose Arch.
Not only is Melrose Arch the place to be seen, but also a place where corporate & leisure travellers get to work hard and play hard while in the company of Hollywood's and Johannesburg's most inspiring legends.
197 Luxury Rooms, anything goes. Our rooms are nothing short of fabulous with luxurious furnishings, in-room showers and beds that will swallow you whole and spit you out relaxed and rested!
Spacious and tasteful, with patterns that were designed to excite. 98 Twin, 92 King rooms.
Think opulent furnishings, oversized chairs and a light and airy atmosphere. 3 Superior Suites.
Comfort and space are paramount features of this room. 4 Universal rooms.
With our Best Available Rate you can stay on any date, for as many nights as you want and still enjoy all the flexibility you need. Plus, our best value-added extras are included too!
For GUESTS booking on the hotel's Best Available Rate, you will receive the following:
The below gives more info on your location.
22 Whiteley Road, Melrose Arch Precinct, Johannesburg
+27 (0) 11 218 4000
Protea Hotel Fire & Ice! Melrose Arch Happenings
Love good food and funky music? You're going to want to see this. This May, Protea Hotel Fire & Ice! is launching a brand new burger and milkshake whipped up by quirky band Rubber Duc.Each of the four band members were challenged to create the best combo in the Fire & Ice! Cape Town kitchen. All of the action was captured and aired on the Expresso Breakfast Show. Viewers then voted for their favourite combo. Designed by Brendan Campbell, the winning dish featured an irresistible Red Velvet & Cinnamon Milkshake, and a Grilled Chicken, Peppadew and Danish Blue Cheese Burger.Burger | R 125 Milkshake | R 55
The Twitter Blanket Drive #TBD2015 returns to Protea Hotel Fire & Ice! this winter. Help warm hands and hearts by donating your spare blankets by the 28th of May at the hotel drop-off point, either in Cape Town, Melrose Arch or Menlyn.
Click here to find out more
Jozi peeps needn't worry about being left out of the city's coolest Sunday SocieTEA decadence because from 2pm Protea Hotel Fire & Ice! Melrose Arch offers an afternoon feast.
The ultra-chic urban hotel's restaurant is the place to find the veritable banquet that includes scrumptious mini smoked salmon and cream cheese bagels, chocolate pancakes stuffed with orange and mint syrup, cakes and cupcakes.
There's nothing like devilish decadence to wind down the weekend, and no better place to do it than surrounded by the beautiful peeps who embody Protea Hotel Fire & Ice! High SocieTEA.
At Protea Hotel Fire & Ice, not only is breakfast the most important meal of the day, it's also the tastiest!
Specially trained in the art of all things breakfast, our talented Eggsperts provide an action-packed experience as they flip, fry, sizzle and scramble your eggs just the way you like it. Wake up every morning to an incredible breakfast unlike any other with our Eggspert celebrity chefs!
From scrumptious omelettes and mouth-watering eggs benedict to to-die-for French toast and flapjacks, our amazing Eggsperts have fired up their frying pans, readied their egg flippers and are waiting for your order. Plus, for that extra healthy boost, we'll only be using free-range eggs in all of our breakfasts from the 1st of April!
At both hotels, you will find an array of 'out of this world' milkshakes to choose from!
Some of the shakes you will discover on the menu are: • Choc Rock Climber • Pumpkin Marshmallow • Aero Attack • Berry Buzz • Give Me a Nosh • Hot Ice • Life is Just Peachy • Lindt-o-Licious • Vanilla Ice and more!
Protea Hotel Fire & Ice! is of course also famous, legendary even, for its range of naughty milkshakes. Swirls of creamy vanilla ice cream form the base for cheeky treats like Patronage with a shot of rich coffee Patron, while The Don is the godfather of all dom pedros, traditionally made with Kahlua.
With a name that is so typically Jozi, Tequilish is a whole new way to experience everybody's favourite shooter, and the Springbokkie, infused with peppermint liqueur, is about as South African as you can get.
Join us for a night of fun and laughter at Protea Hotel Fire & Ice! Melrose Arch.
Every month we will be showcasing a variety of comedians to keep you entertained.
For more information or to book your seat, contact: email@example.com
WATCH THE PROTEA HOTEL FIRE & ICE! MELROSE ARCH TEAM DO THE HARLEM SHAKE! Both hotels - Cape Town & Melrose Arch have added their own unique flavour to the Harlem Shake Trend 2013. Follow the link below to watch!
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Getting down to business is a must in the fully-equipped business centre where we've specially created an energetic out-of-office vibe to heighten your creative senses. We offer three conference rooms and three meeting rooms with a cinema-style facility too. There's no business like show business at Protea Hotel Fire & Ice! Melrose Arch.
Rate includes standard room accommodation.
Rate includes standard room accommodation.
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Mon-Fri: 7am-1am EST / Sat-Sun: 7am-11pm EST
ApplianceGeneral Electric Dryer
Level of DifficultyReally easy
Time to do repairLess than 15 mins
Age of Appliance1 - 4 years
Screw drivers
Removed back panel, 6 screws. pulled out old switch and put the wires to the same terminals on the new switch. First I unplugged the dryer, the repair was easy enough that I think just about anyone could do it.
Help other customers find the most helpful instructions.
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Part Number: PS267091
Part Number: PS1482197
Part Number: PS8690648
All brand logos are trademarks of their respective owners.
The PartSelect logo is a Registered Trademark of Atlantic Laundry Centres, Ltd.
Copyright © 1999-2015 , Eldis Group Partnership. All rights reserved.

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Feeding the Hungry in Freehold, NJ.
Feed All God's Children is a non-profit Christian organization committed to feeding God's starving children hungry in body and spirit.
We provide approximately 40,000 meals each year and growing.
By providing nourishment of not only the physical needs of those who come to Feed All God's Children, but also their spiritual need for love, acceptance, respect, dignity, and friendship.
To serve each person with the belief that: "as often as you did it for one of my least brothers and sisters, you did it for me." (Matthew 25:40)
Feed All God's Children has a direct impact on the greater Central Jersey community by providing the very basic need of food to those less fortunate in a safe and friendly environment. We are a vital organization that strives to provide dignity and stability to our guests by making a positive difference in their lives and to fight the invisible problem of hunger in our communities.Please read the recent articles in the Asbury Park Press and the News Transcript citing our accomplishments.
Unfortunately, our mission keeps expanding and now includes people who are homeless in the "tent city" area.


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Cui-ui Reference Libraries
Page 1 of about 1 Articles
2007-03-16 18:32:33
The Cui-ui, Chasmistes cujus, is a large sucker fish endemic to Pyramid Lake in northwestern Nevada. It feeds primarily on zooplankton and possibly on nanoplankton (such as algae and diatoms). The maximum size of male cui-ui is approximately 21 in (53 cm) and 3.5 lb (1.6 kg) while females reach approximately 25 in (64 cm) and 6 lb (2.7 kg). The life span of Cui-ui is typically about forty...
Word of the Day
- A woman chauffeur.
- A woman who operates an automobile.
The word 'chaffeuse' comes from French, and is the feminine form of 'chauffeur'.


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GM Board Approves Terms of Hughes Transactions
"These transactions address strategic challenges facing the three principal businesses of Hughes Electronics, and unlock stockholder value at GM," said GM Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President John F. Smith, Jr.
"We've done a lot of work to move these transactions forward," he said. "Our objective was to reposition and strengthen certain GM business units in a way that would benefit our stockholders."
GM expects to mail to its common stockholders a solicitation statement/prospectus, which contains complete information on the transactions, in early November. The transactions could be closed before the end of the year.
The following transactions were approved by the GM Board of Directors:
* The spin-off of the defense electronics business of Hughes Electronics, known as Hughes Defense, to GM common stockholders. Holders of GM $1-2/3 and Class H common stocks would receive a distribution of all of the Class A common stock of Hughes Defense. The stock to be distributed would have a total value of approximately $6.2 billion. Also, proceeds of about $3.9 billion from new debt to be incurred by Hughes Defense just prior to the spin-off would be allocated to Hughes Electronics. Hughes Defense would then merge with Raytheon Company (NYSE: RTN) in a transaction with an estimated value of $10.1 billion. Current Raytheon stockholders would receive all of the Class B common stock of the merged company.
* The transfer of Delco Electronics, GM's automotive electronics business, from Hughes Electronics to General Motors. The current 25.6 percent tracking stock interest in the earnings of Delco Electronics currently held by Class H common stockholders will be transferred to holders of GM $1-2/3 common stock. To compensate for the transfer of Delco, GM Class H common stockholders would receive additional shares of Hughes Defense Class A stock. Delco would be integrated into GM's Delphi Automotive Systems. The combination of Delco with Delphi would better position these businesses to participate in the component industry trend toward integrated automotive systems.
* The recapitalization of GM Class H common stock into a new class of GM common stock. The new stock would represent an approximate 25.6 percent tracking-stock interest in the telecommunications and space business of Hughes Electronics. Hughes Electronics would remain a wholly owned subsidiary of GM. These transactions will enhance the growth potential of Hughes Electronics in the expanding global telecommunications market through an additional $3.9 billion in capital funding and the dedicated attention of senior management.
All of the values described in this press release are estimates based on a Raytheon stock price of approximately $60 ($59-15/16 on Oct. 3, 1997). These values would be altered by any change in the market price of Raytheon stock between now and the effective date of the merger.
Defense spin-off and merger
The principal reason GM is proposing these transactions at this time is to allow Hughes Defense to merge with Raytheon so that the newly combined company will be able to compete more effectively in the U.S. defense industry where significant consolidation has been occurring. Both classes of GM stockholders would be able to participate in the benefits of the spin-off and merger because they will receive a tax-free distribution of stock in Hughes Defense, which will then merge with Raytheon.
The total value of the spin-off and merger to GM and its common stockholders is estimated to be $10.1 billion. The value of this transaction is comprised of the following two components:
* The value of the Class A common stock of Hughes Defense to be distributed to GM stockholders in the spin-off, which is estimated to be approximately $6.2 billion;
* The total amount of new debt to be incurred by Hughes Defense just prior to its spin-off, which is estimated to be $3.9 billion. GM would use the proceeds of this new debt to fund Hughes Electronics' telecommunications and space business.
Distribution ratio
GM will allocate the Class A stock of Hughes Defense between its two classes of common stockholders using a "distribution ratio." The GM Board of Directors today approved the formula to be used to determine this distribution ratio, and concluded that the Hughes transactions are fair to, and in the best interests of, holders of both classes of GM common stock. GM would distribute a total of approximately 103 million shares of Class A common stock of Hughes Defense, which will represent about 30 percent of the total equity of the combined Hughes Defense/Raytheon company, to its GM $1-2/3 and Class H common stockholders if they approve the transactions.
The distribution to GM Class H common stockholders will account for their tracking stock interest (currently about 25.6 percent) in Hughes Defense, plus an additional amount valued at approximately $1.664 billion to compensate for the elimination of their tracking stock interest in Delco Electronics and other factors. The GM board has determined that the total value of Delco Electronics and "other factors" related to this transaction is $6.5 billion -- of which $1.664 billion represents the Class H stockholder's 25.6 percent tracking stock interest. GM $1-2/3 common stockholders would receive the remaining shares of Class A stock.
The final distribution ratio must be determined at a later date because one component of the formula is the 30-day average closing market price of Raytheon common stock just prior to the effective date of the merger. The approximate distribution of Hughes Defense Class A common stock to GM common stockholders, using a Raytheon stock price of $60 per share for illustrative purposes only, is as follows:
GM Class H common stockholders would receive 54 million shares of Class A common stock of Hughes Defense, or approximately 52 percent of the total number of Class A common stock shares. GM $1-2/3 stockholders would receive 49 million shares, or approximately 48 percent of the total number of Class A shares. The approximate per-share dollar amounts of the distributions are $31.63 to holders of GM Class H common stock, and $4.12 to holders of GM $1-2/3 stock.
New GM Class H common stock
GM's Class H common stock would be recapitalized into a "New GM Class H" common stock on a one-for-one share basis. The new stock would represent an approximate 25.6 percent tracking-stock interest in the telecommunications and space business of Hughes Electronics, and will be traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "GMH". The characteristics of GM's proposed New Class H common stock are fully described in the prospectus.
"The telecommunications and space industry presents significant growth opportunities for Hughes Electronics," said Hughes Electronics Chairman C. Michael Armstrong. "The industry is experiencing a period of rapid expansion and change, providing many opportunities for strategic growth as well as vigorous competition. Our strategy in telecommunications is to focus Hughes' strengths in satellite technology in order to secure a leadership position in the emerging telecommunications products and services area."
Armstrong added that because this growth strategy will require significant capital, Hughes Electronics would receive about $3.9 billion in new funds from the proceeds of the transactions proposed. In addition, it is expected that future earnings at Hughes Electronics would be retained for the development of the business; accordingly, no cash dividends are anticipated initially on the new Class H stock.
"GM remains committed to supporting the Hughes telecommunications and space business to ensure that it achieves its strong growth potential," said GM Chairman Smith. "Through Hughes, GM is in a position to participate in the long-term growth of this dynamic business."
Holders of the new GM Class H common stock will be offered the opportunity for "book-entry ownership," through a direct registration system, which allows stock ownership without certificates. Book-entry ownership is expected to provide benefits to stockholders, as well as to GM. By implementing book- entry, GM's transfer agent will be able to process stock transfers and sales electronically and reduce costs associated with the issuance and delivery of physical certificates.
Automotive Electronics
The integration of Delco's automotive electronics capability with Delphi's systems and components expertise would create a premier global automotive systems supplier. The combination would also allow Delco and Delphi to compete more effectively in markets worldwide by developing new electronically enhanced vehicle systems with improved functionality, lower cost, and higher quality. In addition, the integration of administration and operations will allow the businesses to realize significant structural cost savings.
"Our first priority is to successfully integrate Delco and Delphi to create a 'smart parts' powerhouse that will focus on high growth opportunities in the automotive electronics and components sector," said Smith. "Our next priority will be to demonstrate the competitiveness of the combined operations. Only then will we be able to consider the future timing of a possible partial public offering of the combined businesses."
Record dates
The proposal will be submitted to GM $1-2/3 and Class H common stockholders of record on October 15, 1997 for their approval. In order for GM stockholders to receive the distribution of Class A common stock of Hughes Defense, they must be holders of record at the time the merger becomes effective.
Regulatory reviews
General Motors received a private letter ruling from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service in July 1997, confirming that the spin-off of Hughes Defense would be tax free to GM and its stockholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In addition, GM and Raytheon have reached a preliminary agreement with the U.S. Department of Justice and U.S. Department of Defense regarding the basis upon which the merger of Hughes Defense and Raytheon can proceed. The preliminary agreement contemplates certain divestitures and operating agreements, the implementation of which will not be materially adverse to the businesses when merged. GM and Raytheon expect to finalize the agreement and antitrust clearance later this month.
GM and Hughes Defense (in the name of H.E. Holdings) filed registration statements today with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), including a preliminary solicitation statement. The registration statements have not yet become effective.
No offering of Hughes Defense common stock or the new GM Class H common stock and no solicitation of any proxy or written consent will be made except by means of the solicitation statement/prospectus, and no sale of such securities or solicitation of any proxy or written consent may be made prior to the time the registration statement becomes effective. This press release shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy, or the solicitation of a proxy or written consent, nor shall there be any sale of such securities in any state in which sale or solicitation of sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities law of any such state.
Forward looking statements
Statements made herein concerning the expected benefits of the proposed transactions, including the spin-off and merger of Hughes Defense, the growth strategy of Hughes Electronics and the integration of Delco and Delphi, constitute forward-looking information. The realization of benefits from these transactions is subject to numerous uncertainties and risks which are described in GM's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission and which will be described in the consent solicitation statement/prospectus for the transactions.
SOURCE General Motors Corporation
-0- 10/06/97
/CONTACT: Toni Simonetti of GM, 212-418-6380/
/Web site: http://www.gm.com/
CO: General Motors Corporation; Hughes Defense; Hughes Electronics; Raytheon
Company; Delco Electronics ST: Michigan, California, Massachusetts, Indiana IN: AUT ARO SU: TNM
TM -- DEM033 -- 9995 10/06/97 16:06 EDT http://www.prnewswire.com
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ENTERPRISE — Mac-Hi runners Josie Lonai, Susie Romero-diaz and Jesus Saldana, along with Weston-McEwen's Elizabeth Herbes, notched top-10 finishes here Friday during the Enterprise Invitational cross country meet at Alpine Meadows.
Lonai placed fourth in a field of 35 girls with a 5,000-meter mark of 21 minutes, 18 seconds. Romero-diaz was sixth (22:53) and Herbes finished eighth (22:58).
Saldana was eighth among 43 participants in the boys 5,000 with a 19:33 time.
The rest of Mac-Hi's girls finishers were Kristi Childers (20th, 24:35), Cristian Lara (27th, 27:10), Maria Saldana (31st, 29:08), Sabrina Glaeser (34th, 32:06), and Shelby Lynch (35th, 32:13).
Austin Cousineau was Mac-Hi's next best finisher in the boys race. He was 21st in 20:33.
Other Pioneer boys crossing the finish line were Cody Harmon (23rd, 20:40), Andrew Kain (24th, 20:52), Raudel Garcia (25th, 20:57), Chandler Simpson (26th, 20:58), and Mario Carrillo (30th, 21:25).
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FOREST PARK ESTATES Apartments4632 Fowler Ave, Everett, WA 98203 View On Map (425) 252-1772
For rates, availability, and other information fill out the availability request form and a representative from FOREST PARK ESTATES Apartments will contact you shortly
Forest Park Estates is located in the Seattle Area in the 98203 zip code. View this apartment on a map.
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The Slavery of LeiabyExcalibur541©
"Yes," she said.
"YES WHAT?" he replied.
"Yes................Master," she whispered.
"LOUDER!" he ordered.
"YES MASTER!" She repeated through gritted teeth, her voice echoing throughout the chamber.
"THAT'S A GOOD SLAVE," he said as he patted her on the top of her head. She sat at the edge of the platform, conquered and subjugated; but only for the moment she thought, only for the moment.
* * *
Princess Leia, the leader of the Rebel Alliance sat at the edge of Jabba the Hutt's platform that morning scantily clad in the exotic slave garb. Like an ornament she was displayed as the various dregs of the galaxy began to enter Jabba's chamber one after another for meetings and instructions. She was perfumed, made-up, her braided hair dangling over her shoulder. She began to ponder to herself that there was extremely important business that she needed to tend to with the Alliance. At that very moment she should have been consulting with Admiral Ackbar and General Madine about the data the Bothan spies had uncovered. However, instead she was trapped in this palace as a prisoner and being exhibited like a vanquished harlot, chained and collared. Nothing but a semi-naked pet to a obscenely obese crime lord.
She would frequently reposition herself on the cushions and awkwardly attempt to drape the silks of her lower garb to cover as much of herself as possible while she sat. Salacious Crumb sensing her embarrassment would often grip the silks in his teeth and try to pull and tear them from the metal plate to which she would instantly pull them back to cover herself while trying to ignore the annoying creature as he cackled. At one point she had placed her hand over to her side too close to him to which he painfully nipped at her finger while laughing with glee. She got into position to kick the little Kowakian lizard but was instantly restrained as Jabba jerked back her leash causing her neck to ache.
"NOW NOW, DON'T TOUCH HIM. BEHAVE YOURSELF MY BEAUTIFUL LITTLE GIRL," He said as Salacious Crumb chuckled and continued to try to embarrass her in front of Jabba's guests by pulling at her silks and exposing her feminine intimacies for all to see. Jabba began petting her as she continually moved her head to avoid his groping while he also stroked her bare skin with the end of his slug tail, gliding it repeately over her exposed legs, belly and cleavage.
He had at least ten business dealings that morning. She understood all of what was being said as 3PO interpreted for the various visitors. The poor protocol droid was quite flustered as Jabba would often strike him in his impatience for translations. She was getting a better idea as to the extent of the unsavory rackets that he was involved in as on two occasions he ordered the guards to take away some of the visitors for execution into the Sarlacc pit for failing him in some regard. Leia sat watching miserably as they would hysterically plead for mercy in front of her, her heart aching with pity.
Leia wanted to leap up to break out of her bondage as she dreamed of what it would be like if she only had a blaster in her hands. Then suddenly an awful thought interrupted her fantasy. The Empire had many spies throughout the galaxy; possibly some in this very palace or among its visitors. Once it had been widely learned that the Hutt's new slave was the princess of Alderaan it would get back to the Empire very quickly. If Luke did not arrive soon she would somehow have to break her chains and escape the palace as soon as possible.
But how could she escape? In the caverns of the palace lurked many disgusting creatures that she knew would be more than happy to kidnap, ravage and even cook her and devour her. Even if she could flee from the palace how could she survive? Mos Espa and the Millennium Falcon were both days away by foot and the searing heat of the daylight would bake and broil her. And at night, she had studied this planet and knew of its nocturnal Sand People/Tuskien Raiders. And even if she somehow avoided them, Mos Espa was a squalid, crime ridden place and she had no weapons. There was no way to contact the Alliance as she would not dare risk endangering their location for her own needs. She put her face into her hands in despair, not knowing that at that moment Lando Calrissian who had already infiltrated the palace was keeping guard of Han and Chewbacca in the dungeon below; communicating with them about their next move and the impending visit of Luke Skywalker.
Jabba grabbed one of the small reptilian creatures out of the aquarium which he kept at his side; it dripped green algae upon Leia's shoulders and breasts as he brought it to his mouth. "NOW IT IS TIME FOR YOU TO DANCE FOR ME PRINCESS." He said after belching. "BOTH OF YOU WILL DANCE," he pointed to Yarna D'al, his longtime favorite. He grabbed yet another snack from his aquarium which dripped more ooze onto Leia's breasts and belly as he spoke with his mouth full. "WE SHALL MAKE THIS INTERESTING. YOU WILL DANCE FOR ME ONE AT A TIME AND THE ONE THAT PERFORMS THE BEST WILL LIVE. THE DEFEATED WILL BE DROPPED BELOW IMMEDIATELY," he said while pointing to the trapdoor. "OF COURSE PRINCESS IT WILL NOT JUST BE YOUR OWN LIFE THAT YOU WILL BE SAVING.
Leia swallowed her pride and honor yet again and resolved that she would have to dance for the Hutt; to save her love Han she would have no choice. She had endured difficult times before; the destruction of Alderaan, the Death Star mind probe and the frigidness of Hoth and she would endure this. She was directed to stand to the side of the audience chamber as the Max Rebo band prepared to begin playing. Yarna D'al took her position in the center of the court, a chain and collar had been placed on her flabby neck.
The fat dancer instantly began to move her body as the band of aliens played and for a woman of heavy carriage she danced quite gracefully. Leia wondered how she could possibly perform better than her as the fat dancer had been a slave for some time while Leia had no experience and knew not how to dance in the manner that Yarna D'al was currently performing in. Only one short dance lesson was given to her before she was brought up to the main audience chamber and the movements were very lewd and undignified. The bizarre music played as the fat dancer continued to twirl around, dancing close to the tables of the audience and then to Jabba. The music seemed to go on for some time as Leia desperately watched and tried to remember every one of Yarna D'al's movements in order to incorporate them into her own impending performance. At one point Yarna danced near to Leia while arrogantly mocking her.
"You will soon die!" she laughed while pointing to the open trap door before giggling and prancing away.
Jabba hardly even watched Yarna D'al perform as he was still much too interested in his new slave who he regarded while smoking his hookah pipe. It had been a very long time since he had seen anyone display so much courage in the face of death or speak to him in the manner which she had. He had previously discarded rumors regarding Solo and Chewbacca joining the Rebel Alliance as ludicrous. He knew Solo as nothing but a smuggler, though a first rate one. Could she really be the leader of the Alliance, hence her interest in retrieving Solo? Was the massive fleet of the Galactic Empire really seeking out this slinky little human female that he had made beg to be his slave and who soon would dance for him at the end of his leash? He chuckled to himself as he found the thought amusing.
What he didn't find amusing was the thought of her presence being discovered for if she truly was the Alliance leader his entire palace was already in grave danger. He might soon look out his balcony only to see imperial walkers on the horizon ready to attack; storm troopers raiding his halls and looting his wealth while blasting everyone in sight in order to locate her. He would make genuine inquiries about her immediately. If true though, he could not keep her as a slave girl, he would have to either execute her or willingly surrender her to the Empire. However for now, this moment, he would enjoy watching this courageous and strong female dance and revel in her submission to him. When the music had finally stopped playing there was much cheering as Yarna D'al bowed to Jabba.
It was now Leia's turn, she had the floor. She removed her boots and tried to focus her mind on what needed to be done. The lives of both herself and Han depended on whether or not Jabba found her pleasing. Yarna D'al stood to the side as a Weequay warrior began to stroke her. She smiled towards Leia and whispered something into the warrior's ear to which he then spoke to the other creatures. Moments later many of the audience members began "accidentally" spilling their greasy beverages; casting them out into splashes onto the main floor as a confused Leia looked about. By the time they were finished twenty separate fluids oozed onto the floor making it extremely slippery. This would increase the difficulty for her greatly. The creatures chuckled in apology for their clumsiness to Jabba who was quite amused. Yarna D'al retrieved her bulky dewback whip and began to giggle as Leia groaned miserably.
The music began to play and it was music that Leia knew only too well for it was the beautiful planetary anthem of Alderaan. She had not heard it for so very long but she quickly became absolutely enraged at the obnoxiously, clownish and sensual way that this band was intentionally playing it. How could she dance to this, it disrespected so many millions who had cruelly perished. Her eyes welled up with tears as the memories of her childhood filled her mind. She looked to Jabba; glaring at him with an indescribable animosity as he laughed. She sucked in her honor and self-respect and refocused as she commenced moving her body and bare feet on the floor.
She had seen strange and exotic dances on other worlds before and she relied on her memory as to how well she could mimic them as well as Yarna D'al's performance. The beginning of her dance was unimpressive as she slipped on the slick floor, tripping over her own chain before falling to a heap on the ground.
"Oh no," said 3PO; appalled by what the poor princess was enduring.
The entire audience chamber laughed loudly. She paid them no mind as she immediately rose in pain from the ground. A tear trickled down her face which she quickly wiped away; not wanting to show any weakness before the sleazy criminals that jeered at her. The fluid from the beverages coated half of her body making her slightly glisten and as she turning and twisted she gazed at Jabba with a sensuous and confident glare which betrayed her true feeling for him. She shook her hips and swayed her body as her gaze never left Jabba's eyes. She demonstrated her flexibility by swinging her naked legs up as she twirled around the floor with her purple silks swaying side to side while her metal bra clinked against her. She tried to dance closer to the tables to keep away from the more slippery areas of the floor. Yarna D'al immediately discouraged her plan by snapping the heavy dewback whip, its sharp, cracking sound echoed throughout the chamber as it struck Leia harshly upon her rear to which she shrieked. The pain consumed her as more laughter was heard. She fled away from the fat dancer's reach and onto the center of the slippery floor, her backside burning terribly.
Jabba pressed a button on his side control panel. An electronic receiver chip on Leia's slave armor beeped once as her metal top unhooked from her neck and back and broke away from her body. Her face burned with shame as she heard her plated top hit the floor along with a multitude of obscene remarks from various tongues. She tried to pay it no mind as her breasts jiggled in the open air; standing out like cones as she spun herself around and moved her hips back and forth. The audience continued to heckle while the deep bass of the music filled the room as well as the roar from the Rancor below.
Jabba was quite impressed. He wasn't expecting much from her but she was already outperforming his expectations. Even though she was clearly just copying the previous dancer's moves he was stunned at how well she was moving as well as her physical shape that allowed her wider ranges of flexibility. Jabba held the leash of this brave leader, this sleek and agile female and felt a surge of power course through him. By holding her leash he could allow her to dance within his grasp or let her prance all about the chamber.
She shimmied and gyrated her soft curves, doing her best to keep her balance on the more greasy areas of the floor as she heard yet more beverages splashing. She increased her pace as the music became faster, causing her to dance more lewdly. She rubbed her hands along her upper body while undulating her belly as a flash of pain filled her mind. She was dancing topless, her breasts bared to the slime of the galaxy. Quickly she once again dismissed these thoughts and concentrated on the work at hand as she raised her arms over her head, stretching the chain above her as she swirled about. The light from the latticed ceiling still beamed down like spotlights onto the floor as she swayed and shook in the light; her milky white skin made golden by the illumination of the Tatooine suns.
Jabba hit yet another button on his console as the silk that draped over her shapely backside fell away from her; a red lash mark clearly visible from the fat dancer's previous whipping. She could feel the draft against her skin but tried to ignore it as she blushed in embarrassment. She fell to her knees and waved her arms about her sides in tentacle like dianoga movements while revolving her head slowly. Her hands touched the floor as she began crawling on her hands and knees sensuously towards the platform while keeping her stare intensely at her "Master," the Master that she swore by all of her nobility that she would soon murder. The silk of the lower part of her outfit trailed between her legs. She crawled about and rose to her feet and continued keeping her gaze upon Jabba, even extending her arm and pointing to him while she danced. Jabba took that as a gesture of an impending favor by her while Leia meant it more as a promise of revenge. The sound of her chain made constant rattling noises against the floor and she was very careful not to trip over it again as she knew that a second blunder would not be tolerated.
A feeling of relief engulfed her as the final notes of Alderaan's anthem were played. She prepared to end her performance only to hear the band immediately segue into the very first notes once again as they resumed playing the anthem from the very beginning to which she groaned audibly. Tears continued to well up in her eyes as the throbbing music mocked her beloved home planet and all the people she had once known who had been killed. The thoughts of that horrifying moment began flooding her mind "Continue with the operation, you may fire when ready." She would never forget those awful words or the terrible radio voice that followed, "Commence primary ignition." Her heart pounded as she felt as if she was reliving the terror; the multiple huge lasers emitting from the Death Star and converging before shooting with tremendous force to her defenseless planet. She could visualize the horrendous explosion right in front of her. She wiped away another tear that had trickled down her face as she writhed and danced while barefoot in the chamber.
Jabba pressed a button on his console yet again and the lower metal plate of the slave outfit broke away from her body taking the silk with it. She tried desperately to hang on to it with one hand to keep herself decent. Yarna Dal's whip cracked loudly through the air again, striking across her completely exposed backside and causing her to release the plate and silk as she thrust her head back and screeched from the searing pain. She was now completely nude save for her collar, leash and the golden arm and wrist bracelets. Humiliation struck every bone in her body as Salacious Crumb laughed in triumph while the audience jeered at her human anatomy. In absolute misery and rage she refocused and concentrated only on her movements.
Jabba was convinced that she danced well enough but it was now time to test her coordination. He clicked another button on his panel as a multitude of trap doors in front of his dias sprang open. As she pranced Leia noticed the floor in front of her was now just a checkered, metal grating with sixteen gaping holes in it divided only by thin floor beams that crisscrossed in front of Jabba's platform. He pulled the chain and Leia with it to the very center. This yet again increased the difficulty for her as she now had a much more limited area to perform as the beams that made up the grating were only slightly wider than her feet. She toed the floor carefully as she continued her performance, knowing that one wrong or clumsy move would cause her to fall into the pit and into the waiting drooling jaws. Yarna D'al repeatedly snapped the whip onto the beams near Leia's toes as she tried to distract her off balance while reminding her to keep up the pace of the dance.
Leia became overwhelmed; the stench from the pit and its proximity was terrifying, the obnoxious music was breaking her heart, her nudity humiliated her greatly, Jabba and his dregs' laughter and obscene comments angered her and the very slick floor and her own chain threatened to unbalance her; yet she continued to concentrate. It was odd but she felt as if something unknown was guiding her movements and calming her shattered emotions. She could clearly see the Rancor as it roared for her below, it was ravenous and greatly agitated from being teased with the fresh meat dancing above it. As she moved along the narrow strips of the grating she felt her balance give way before quickly recovering and leaping over a trap door impressively and landing on another thin beam. She lightly hopped around twisting and turning while keeping alert as not to fall into the blackness as Yarna's whip snapped repeatedly near her toes. Sweat began to pour from her body as Jabba kept her near the gaping holes; enjoying his power over her and her difficulty, misery and fear as she moved her nude, tight little body to the vibrating music.
When Jabba became satisfied by her display of coordination he closed the trap doors and gave her more slack to which she was relieved. She danced in front of the tables of his audience again. As she approached each table various scaled hands, furry paws and tentacles caressed her body. Then she would withdraw to a new table to be stroked, violated and prodded yet again. This was the most difficult part for her; this slime didn't even deserve to look upon her much less touch her. One person from Alderaan or the Alliance was worth fifty of them.
She continued grinding her hips and undulating her belly as the fat dancer approached behind Leia. Yet again she pulled her heavy arm back and prepared to hurl the whip forward at Leia's thighs to bring her to the floor. Despite facing the opposite direction, as the whip hissed forward Leia almost seemed to predict and see the danger and instantly shifted her body sideways. The whip missed its mark and wrapped around the neck of a Jawa. Yarna D'al angrily pulled the whip back harshly causing the Jawa to hurl across the chamber, its high pitch voice crying out.
Leia danced towards the center of the chamber once again. Her nude body was glistening in the golden light of the floor as she gyrated, swayed and writhed. She stroked her breasts and belly in her hands; her flesh burning from where the whip had repeatedly struck. Suddenly the music stopped and she crouched to the floor, ending her performance. There was cheering but she did not smile at all. The pain and shamefulness of what she had just endured as well as her own state of undress began seeping into her mind unstoppably.


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Improving Vocabulary is the Main Ingredient to Improving Confidence, Announces Ultimate Vocabulary™
While many would believe that an improved vocabulary is ℠all about words´, the creators of Ultimate Vocabulary today announce that the knock-on effects can cause a huge boost in confidence, too.
New York City, NY (PRWEB) May 12, 2012
Ironically, many people don´t believe that the benefits of a better vocabulary stretch further than the words people write or speak. However, after collecting feedback from their customers, the creators of Ultimate Vocabulary now believe that improved confidence could be a solid knock-on effect.
The company collected feedback from a number of customers using its market-leading vocabulary improvement software. While the results give their own confidence a boost too, it was something the team was not expecting.
"Thousands of people around the world have successfully used our software to improve their vocabulary, but we were interested in the other life benefits they had gained" explained Marc Slater, Managing Director of the company behind Ultimate Vocabulary .
He continued, "A huge proportion of people were extremely happy to report that their confidence had seen a healthy boost following the use of our spelling improvement software. This wasn´t something we were expecting to hear, and it´s a delighting result."
Marc and his team believe they know why an improved vocabulary could be linked to improved confidence.
They have concluded that a broader vocabulary allows people to always ℠use the right word´, while being able to formulate their words with greater ease. This lack of fumbling, stuttering and word searching results in people making their points boldly and clearly without losing the interest of others.
"While the result came as a surprise, it´s very easy to link the two together. We´ve now got a much clearer picture of the benefits software such as ours brings — and this will help us shape future versions" Slater adds.
The Ultimate Vocabulary software is made to improve vocabulary. It is currently available for online purchase, with thousands of people making it a part of their daily routine each and every day.
For more information, to purchase a copy or to explore the other benefits and improved vocabulary can bring, please visit: http://www.ultimatevocabulary.com
About Ultimate Vocabulary
Ultimate Vocabulary provides a proven and powerful platform, built to improve anyone´s vocabulary.
The interactive self-improvement system provides more learning tools than any other program on the market, as well as more information on words.
The Ultimate Vocabulary software provides each and every user with a personal computer tutor. Providing a step-by-step guide to learning a powerful vocabulary, Ultimate Vocabulary is the learning tool everyone can benefit from.
Of course, the software is also backed by eReflect´s iron-clad money back guarantee.
For the original version on PRWeb visit: http://www.prweb.com/releases/prweb2012/5/prweb9493133.htm


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Rebecca Black Unpluggedby Hilton Hater at . Comments
I actually like the song, truth be told.
poor sweetie! her singing is nice, although maybe not completely spectacular, as everyone seems to think she NEEDS to be. she seems really sweet, and just because you slightly didn't like the song doesn't give you any right at ALL to tell her to kill herself. she didn't even write that song! trolls....
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We are on the brink of something big…Do you want to be a part of a dynamic team of individuals providing some of the most exciting technology in the industry?
We offer a fun, employee-driven company culture with a casual work environment that hires only the best of the best!
Codero is a leading provider of Dedicated, Managed, and Cloud Hosting services. Codero offers a fun, challenging, and rewarding working environment and the opportunity to work with world-class talent to help you build a world-class career.
This is a very demanding and intense position that will require the final candidate to reside in the immediate areas of Austin, TX or Lenexa, KS to collaborate with the Codero management and front line teams as well as be in close proximity in case of emergency. No telecommuting accepted.
Software Developer - Web (PHP)
Type of Positions: Web Developer
Location: Austin, TX or Lenexa, KS
Compensation: Salary + Bonus
We offer an excellent benefits package including: medical, dental, vision, life and disability insurances, flexible spending accounts, and 401(k) with a company match.
Codero Hosting is looking for a Web Developer who is passionate about Web technologies, to work with current team members to engineer to develop, implement, document, test and maintain Codero's website. This position involves leading custom web development throughout the entire project life cycle. You will experience the freedom of building a custom web site for a leading Cloud and Hosting company using your own leadership and programming skills. You need to be capable of full cycle project leadership including application architecture, design input, site layout/user interface, database design/programming, and web development.
The right individual for this role will be a motivated and energetic developer who takes initiative, enjoys finding solutions to a varying number of challenges, is detail-oriented, and takes extreme pride in their work. If you thrive by working side by side with one of the most experienced and professional teams in the industry while leading your solutions to successful completion, consider this opportunity as the next level in your professional development.
o Assist in gathering requirements and project specifications
o Attend project meetings
o Take ownership of daily project needs and communications.
o Communicate project status and deliverables
o Design, create and program Server databases per project needs.
o Manage project tasks, timelines, and communication.
o Perform routine site maintenance as needed.
o Other tasks as needed for successful project completion.


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Police: Suspect Who Used Wheelchair, Pepper Spray To Rob Stamford Jewelry Shop Under Arrest
Larry Johnson of Mt. Vernon, New York, is being held on a $350,000 court appearance bond for the Stamford robbery.
Police: Man Stole Chain From Wheelchair-Bound Victim's Neck In Queens
Police were searching Tuesday for a suspect who allegedly ripped off a chain from a 50-year-old man in a wheelchair in Flushing, Queens.
Police: Thief In Wheelchair Steals Watch From Stamford Mall Jewelry Store
Stamford Police are looking for a robber who rolled up on an unsuspecting jewelry clerk in a wheelchair and ran out with one of the shop's watches.
Vietnam Veteran Gets New Wheelchair Week After Lowe's Employees Jump In To Fix His Old One
It took more than two years, but the office of Veterans' Affairs has finally come through with a new wheelchair for a Vietnam veteran from Staten Island.
Police: 4 Men Beat, Rob Wheelchair-Bound Navy Veteran On Long Island
The victim was attacked from behind around 10:30 p.m. on June 1 near the Long Island Railroad tracks on Maple Avenue after leaving church.
Bridgeport Boy Stranded At Home After Thieves Make Off With Wheelchair Ramp
A 10-year-old boy has been confined to his family's Bridgeport home since someone stole his wheelchair ramp.
City Changes Course After Ordering Disabled Woman Out Of Section 8 Apartment
Imagine the surprise and dismay of a disabled woman, confined to a wheelchair, when she was told that she would have to move to a smaller apartment to keep her housing subsidy.
Dr. Max Gomez: Robotic Legs Could Change Lives
Scientists have yet to come up with a way to fix damage to the nervous system, but robotics can help paralyzed patients stand up and walk again.
Wheelchair-Bound Suspect Charged With Stealing Purses, Wallets
A wheelchair-bound man was in police custody Saturday morning, accused of stealing wallets and purses from guests at high-end Manhattan restaurants and hotels.
Cops: Manhattan Theft Suspect Uses Wheelchair
The NYPD has asked the public for help in identifying a man wanted in connection with a series of grand larcenies in Manhattan.
Long Island Teens To Learn Their Fate For Wheelchair Joyride
Inside of a family court room the Roslyn teens tried to explain their actions to a judge. The pair stole Vinny Pinello's motorized wheelchair and took it for a joyride through the streets of Roslyn before trashing it in some bushes.
Paralympic Athlete Completes Cross-Country Ride For A Good Cause
A Paralympic athlete has been pushing his wheelchair across the entire country to raise money for a cause close to his heart.
Police: Facebook Posts Lead To Arrest Of 2 Teens In L.I. Wheelchair Theft
A heartless prank left a young man with a broken heart on Long Island, after his wheelchair was stolen from his home.
Wheelchair-Bound Girl Remains Trapped In Apartment 4 Months After Sandy Hit
Her mother said the elevators in their high-rise building on Surf Avenue and 24th Street have been out of order for months, leaving the 8-year-old a virtual prisoner in their third floor apartment.
Mom: Daughter Stranded Midair On Wheelchair Lift Trying To Board NJT Bus
A simple family outing to the Rockefeller Center Christmas tree quickly turned into a nightmare for a New Jersey family over the weekend.


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Year-Round Suncare view
Rihanna's Whirlwind Year view
Diva on a Dime: Pretty Fall Prints Under $50 view
This heavenly throw will keep her warm and cozy all winter long. Handcrafted from...
This heavenly throw will keep her warm and cozy all winter long. Handcrafted from loosely spun, long-length Merino wool fibers, this massive throw is the perfect excuse for staying in on frigid nights.
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The Creative Agency of the Future - how are you managing your agency?
About the FutureAgency survey
Are you a creative marketing agency owner or manager?
I am writing a book "The Creative Agency of the Future" about how leading agencies are changing the way they are organized and managed.
I'm keen to learn from people like you who are running an agency.
These questions are about how you run your marketing agency. In the book, this will be reflected in chapters relating to the operational areas of the business. My focus is on how things have changed in the recent past. I hope that other agencies can learn from your experiences, the issues you faced and overcame.
The survey will take you 10-15 minutes.
Everyone who shares their contact details will get a free copy of the book.
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About Schools in Scott AFB, IL
Scott AFB offers a range of educational opportunities with one elementary school.
Contact a Coldwell Banker® real estate agent to learn more about the schools and school districts in Scott AFB, IL.FIND AN AGENT
Scott AFB, Illinois is located in St. Clair County. Nearby cities and towns include Mascoutah, Shiloh, Rentchler, Lebanon, O'Fallon, Summerfield, Swansea, Belleville, Freeburg, New Baden, Fairview Heights, Trenton, Smithton, Caseyville, Fayetteville, Collinsville, Albers, Damiansville, St. Jacob, Troy, Centreville, Millstadt, Aviston, Maryville, Washington Park, Alorton, St. Libory, Venedy, Fairmont City, New Athens, East St. Louis, Floraville, Paderborn, Glen Carbon, Darmstadt, Germantown, Pontoon Beach, Sauget, Marine, Cahokia, Highland, Lenzburg, Hecker, Okawville, Breese, Brooklyn, Edwardsville, Madison, Dupo, Venice, Granite City, Mitchell, Marissa, Bartelso, Columbia, East Carondelet, Waterloo, Grantfork, South Roxana, St. Louis, Addieville, Pierron, Roxana, Beckemeyer, Hartford, Bella Villa, Lemay, Glasgow Village, Riverview, Hamel, Red Bud, Tilden, Wilbur Park, Baldwin, Alhambra, Bellefontaine Neighbors, and St. George. Scott AFB is a suburban community with a population of 3,660. The median household income is $52,230. In Scott AFB, 48% of residents are married, and families with children reside in 66% of the households. Half the population of Scott AFB commutes 10 minutes or less to work, with 67% of residents holding white collar jobs and 33% residents holding blue collar jobs. The median age of homes in Scott AFB, IL is 24 years, with 0% of those homes owned, 91% rented, and 9% not occupied.
Scott AFB offers a range of educational opportunities with one elementary school.
Contact a Coldwell Banker® real estate agent to learn more about the schools and school districts in Scott AFB, IL.FIND AN AGENT
See if your personality and goals are right for real estate.SEE ALL REAL ESTATE CAREERS
Community information and market data Powered by Onboard Informatics. Copyright ©2015 Onboard Informatics. Information is deemed reliable but not guaranteed.
This information is provided for general informational purposes only and should not be relied on in making any home-buying decisions. School information does not guarantee enrollment. Contact a local real estate professional or the school district(s) for current information on schools. This information is not intended for use in determining a person's eligibility to attend a school or to use or benefit from other city, town or local services.


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waiting for the doctors to decide on my condition. I was 35 weeks and 4 days pregnant and they wanted to keep the baby in for a while longer...but my little rebel couldn't wait. She was born Dec. 6, '09 / 2:30am.
Time goes by so fast when you're a mom. I didn't believed it before.


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News about methadone, including commentary and archival articles published in The New York Times.
Chronology of Coverage
Jan. 7, 2013
Many in Albuquerque, New Mexico, are angered by plan by Ramon Rustin, warden of Metropolitan Detention Center, to end treatment of inmates with methadone, privately administered program for those addicted to heroin. MORE
Oct. 16, 2012
Study published online in journal BMJ finds that offering methadone treatment to drug addicts substantially reduces the risk that they will get HIV or give it to anyone else. MORE
There are no additional abstracts to display.
Highlights From the Archives
Methadone Rises as a Painkiller With Big Risks
Once used mainly in addiction treatment, the drug is now more widely prescribed and is a growing cause of deaths.August 17, 2008 usNews
Legal Drugs Kill Far More Than Illegal, Florida Says
The rate of deaths caused by prescription drugs was found to be three times the rate of deaths caused by all illicit drugs combined.June 14, 2008 usNews
National Desk
Methadone, Once the Way Out, Suddenly Grows as a Killer Drug
Methadone, a drug long valued for treating heroin addiction and for soothing chronic pain, is increasingly being abused by recreational drug users and is causing an alarming rise in overdoses and deaths, federal and state officials say. In Florida, methadone-related deaths jumped from 209 in 2000 to 357 in 2001 to 254 in just the first six months of 2002, the latest period for which data are available.February 9, 2003 healthNews
For This Hillary Clinton Listening Tour, Few Hugs but Much Note-Taking
Hillary Rodham Clinton lacks some of the political gifts of her husband, and her campaign events can feel staged. But they are producing revealing moments.
May 28, 2015, Thursday
MORE ON METHADONE AND: Presidential Election of 2016 , Clinton, Hillary Rodham , Drug Abuse and Traffic , Mental Health and Disorders , Student Loans , Small Business , United States Politics and Government , Iowa , New Hampshire
Long Sentence Sought for Silk Road Creator Ross Ulbricht
Prosecutors, asking for a sentence much longer than 20 years, blamed Mr. Ulbricht for overdoses and addiction resulting from an "online black market of unprecedented scope."
May 27, 2015, Wednesday
MORE ON METHADONE AND: Ulbricht, Ross William , Silk Road (Web Site) , Sentences (Criminal) , Drug Abuse and Traffic , Black Markets , Bharara, Preet
Latin America Rethinks Drug Policies
The new approaches represent a welcome break with the largely failed traditional tactics.
May 26, 2015, Tuesday
MORE ON METHADONE AND: Editorials , Latin America , Colombia , Uruguay , Bolivia , Law and Legislation , International Relations , Drug Abuse and Traffic
Police in Florida Grapple With a Cheap and Dangerous New Drug
A hazardous new synthetic drug known as flakka is being blamed for 18 recent deaths in a single South Florida county.
May 25, 2015, Monday
MORE ON METHADONE AND: Drug Abuse and Traffic , Florida , Broward County (Fla) , Bath Salts , China , Deaths (Fatalities)
A Family Drama in Three Acts
Tatum O'Neal and her son Kevin McEnroe, both sober and healthy, are celebrating the publication of his debut novel.
May 24, 2015, Sunday
MORE ON METHADONE AND: O'Neal, Tatum , Drug Abuse and Traffic , Books and Literature , Families and Family Life , McEnroe, Kevin (1986- ) , Our Town: A Novel (Book)
Honduras: Ex-President's Son Arrested
Fabio Porfirio Lobo, the son of a former Honduran president, appeared in Federal District Court in Manhattan on Friday on a charge of conspiring to import cocaine into the United States.
May 23, 2015, Saturday
MORE ON METHADONE AND: Drug Abuse and Traffic , Lobo Sosa, Porfirio , Lobo, Fabio Porfirio , Sentences (Criminal) , Honduras , Smuggling
40 Are Killed in Gun Battle in Mexico
Most of the dead were civilians in a confrontation after the ambush of a police convoy in an area known for drug gangs bordering Michoacán and Jalisco States.
May 23, 2015, Saturday
MORE ON METHADONE AND: Drug Abuse and Traffic , Mexico , Attacks on Police , Jalisco New Generation Cartel , Police , Gangs , Deaths (Fatalities)
A Drug Smuggler's Times Square Visit (for Pleasure, Not Business)
Like many corporate bosses, cartel executives who visit New York sometimes want to take in the sights while looking in on the regional operation, drug enforcement officials say.
May 23, 2015, Saturday
MORE ON METHADONE AND: Drug Abuse and Traffic , Cruz Francisco, Yenci , Mercedes, Jose A , New York City , Smuggling , Drug Enforcement Administration , Bronx (NYC) , Heroin
U.S. Drug Charges for 2 Former Wesleyan Students Linked to Overdoses
Prosecutors said the men had sold a club drug known as Molly on campus for over a year before a February night when several students went to the hospital.
May 23, 2015, Saturday
MORE ON METHADONE AND: Kramer, Zachary (1993- ) , Lonergan, Eric , Colleges and Universities , Drug Abuse and Traffic , Ecstasy (Drug) , Connecticut , Wesleyan University
Camp David Neighbors Fight Historic Designation to Keep Out Scientology-Backed Center
Narconon, which is associated with the Church of Scientology, hopes that by adding a Maryland site to a list of historic places, it will be able to build a rehabilitation center there.
May 21, 2015, Thursday
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Study Shows IRS Audits Increase Business Compliance
By Frank L. Brunetti on November 5th, 2012
Companies that are fearful of audits tend to be more compliant with federal tax law and financially responsible, a new survey reveals.
New research appearing in the American Accounting Association's journal, Accounting Review, found that a decline in the Internal Revenue Service's business auditing correlates with less federal taxes being paid to the government. In addition, corporations that run a higher risk of being audited may be more likely to report more accurate information in public financial statements, which could be a positive sign for shareholders.
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Occupational therapy student's fieldwork placement: institutional and community based rehabilitation models in the Solomon Islands.
Thibeault (2006) introduced the profession to the term 'majority world' referring to the nations of the world that are unable, or unwilling to adequately sustain a healthy lifestyle for all people living therein. The majority world lives with inequity and a lack of services in the field of health, education, human services and basic infrastructure. Thibeault highlighted social justice, equity of resources and individualized meaning within occupations, as core values within the profession. Such values serve occupational therapists well as they expand service provision to nontraditional settings, marginalized populations and communities in the majority world. Communication about cross cultural work experiences in disaster regions, developing and marginalized communities where people experience occupational apartheid, injustice and deprivation is growing (Kronenberg, Salvador, & Pollard, 2005).
This paper describes the first hand experience of an occupational therapy student who, with another student, completed a 10 week fieldwork placement in Honiara, Solomon Islands. The placement was the final fieldwork requirement of the four year Bachelors in Health Science in Occupational Therapy, at La Trobe University, Melbourne Australia. At the time of this placement, physiotherapy was well established within the local hospital in Honiora, and provided on site supervision for the occupational therapy students. Supervision by an occupational therapist was not an option because although the first indigenous occupational therapist had completed her training in New Zealand and returned to the region, she had to wait for an official start date from the Government before commencing paid employment. The occupational therapist started work six weeks into the student's placement following official confirmation of employment.
A faculty member at La Trobe Univeristy (second author) provided distance supervision via email. Because it was the final year of study, the student was expected to extend her knowledge and skills through preset, self directed goals in a contractual agreement with her supervisor. A description of both institutional and community based rehabilitation (IBR and CBR respectively) is given because the student contributed to provision of occupational therapy service within these two models. An overview of the differences between Australia and Solomon Islands will also be presented to contextualize the cross cultural exchange between the student and local people involved in the project.
Majority world: Health and rehabilitation strategies
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that less than 5% of the world's 480 million people living with a disability have access to medical and rehabilitation services (WHO, 2005b). Consequently, the WHO promotes the right to equal opportunity and the active participation of people with disabilities within their communities, and acknowledges the relationships between health, disability and poverty (WHO, 2004). Community based rehabilitation (CBR) is a WHO community development strategy that seeks to equalize opportunities for people living with a disability. The goals and philosophy of CBR are compatible with the values, goals and philosophy of the occupational therapy profession (Fransen, 2005; WFOT, 2004).
CBR seeks to provide access to community benefits such as work and education, increase availability of rehabilitation and health services, and improve the overall social inclusion of people with disabilities (WHO, 2004). The objective is to facilitate change at an organizational level; community level, (including altering physical and attitudinal barriers); and to improve or make available, rehabilitation services and services that facilitate the full community participation of all people. CBR workers are locals who directly work with their community members to facilitate the goals of CBR. Health professionals both work with, and train, CBR workers and have an important role in facilitating achievement of CBR objectives (WHO, 2004).
The impact of CBR programmes on the quality of life for service recipients has been researched using a qualitative methodology (WHO, 2002). This research found that CBR positively impacts on the recipient's self-esteem; feelings of empowerment and influence; self reliance; and social inclusion. Further, the initiatives identified as being of the highest priority and most useful for persons with disabilities were firstly, "social counselling" and secondly, "training in mobility and daily living skills" (WHO, 2002, p.8). Such findings demonstrate that the occupational therapy profession has much to contribute to the development of CBR programmes.
CBR and IBR had been operating in the Solomon Islands since 1988, when an Australian led group of allied health workers, including an occupational therapist and a physiotherapist, were invited to give a workshop by the national Disabled Persons Association. Subsequently, the CBR unit was established in the early 1990s and a physiotherapist was appointed national coordinator. The CBR unit recruited local people to be CBR aides, and to undertake a one year course in CBR. Further workshops to train CBR aides occurred on an ad hoc basis. The aides were mainly supervised by nurses.
The CBR unit is managed by the Ministry of Health and coordinates all services for the disabled in the community. It provides community based rehabilitation aides to work in the provinces to enable people with disabilities to have access to rehabilitation services. Staff from the CBR unit also undertakes community development work in their local area to improve quality of life for people with disabilities. In 2005, the national co-ordinator of CBR contacted the occupational therapist who assisted with the introduction of CBR, seeking a consultancy to design a 2 year occupational therapy programme accredited by the Solomon Island College of Higher Education for CBR aides. Part of the consultancy was the recruitment of occupational therapists to teach the accreditation course which began in 2006.
Another model of service provision utilized in developing communities is institutional based rehabilitation (IBR). This model more closely resembles western ideas of rehabilitation. Physiotherapy is an established department in a hospital within the IBR model. The likely absence of specialized personnel such as occupational therapists however means that "special efforts are needed to train local health personnel and family members to perform some of the tasks of the various rehabilitation professionals" (WHO, 2005a, p. 2). One drawback of IBR is that the western model on which it is based may be incompatible with local culture. Establishing occupational therapy services with an IBR model alone can be particularly challenging, even when a physiotherapy department already exists (Bourke-Taylor, 2006; Bourke-Taylor & Hudson, 2005).
The Solomon Islands: Description of the setting
The Solomon Islands have existed under considerable political turmoil, including violent conflicts for some time. Australian and New Zealand peace keeping forces have been present in the Islands since 2003. Violent conflicts in 1998, and again in 2005 severely disturbed the economy and community infrastructure. Many people lost personal property, homes, businesses, and opportunities for paid employment. In April, 2007 an earthquake and tsunami struck the Solomons some 90 miles from the capital Honiara. Fifty-two people were killed and hundreds displaced. Subsequently, relief agencies have had an ongoing presence in the region to address issues such as the provision of shelter and education.
Even prior to the tsunami, the Solomon Islands were considered the poorest Pacific island nation as a result of social and political unrest (Gordon, 2006). Accurate facts about disease, mortality and disability are limited. Infectious disease such as malaria, tuberculosis and meningitis are common. The mortality rate for children under 5 years is 9 times higher than Australian children (WHO, 2006b). The ratio of physicians to the rest of the population is approximately 1:769 in the Solomons and 1:404 in Australia (WHO, 2006a). Table 1 compares statistics from the Solomon Islands and Australia using global benchmarks to provide the reader with an idea of the contrast between the lives of the student and the recipients of service. The reader is reminded that the selected source for this information was deemed reliable, although the potential for minor inaccuracies is acknowledged.
Student placement experience
The following account is by the first author of this paper.
In 2004, my classmate and I decided to pursue our final fieldwork placement in a hospital and CBR department in the Solomon Islands. Prior to leaving for the islands we prepared ourselves by researching dress codes, indigenous customs, health considerations including what inoculations were required and the local pidgin dialect. In addition, we established guidelines for ethical considerations, distance supervision and safety issues. Although we attempted to complete a needs analysis of the clients we would work with, there was a paucity of up to date information available.
Socio-cultural differences
On arrival in the Solomon's we were challenged by common morbidities and mortalities; the local perception of medical conditions; organisational issues affecting service implementation; and resource needs. Our needs assessment only took shape in a realistic sense once we actually started work. In relation to the therapeutic programme we wanted to implement we had planned to become familiar with the culture, language and occupations by spending time with local people before starting our placement. Many customs and habits were new to us and we had to adapt to those. Examples included, men holding hands while walking down the road, greetings and directions given via eyebrow communication, signalling a bus to stop by hissing and bright crimson smiles because teeth, gums and lips were stained red from chewing the local, mildly narcotic beetle nut. Many daily occupations, that were also new to us, were performed in novel ways or valued in an unexpected manner. Examples of the differences are included in Table 2.
Honiara, the city where we were situated was approached by a tarmacked road dotted with potholes. Building regulations for universal access including use of ramps or hand rails was nonexistent. Most of the buildings were one or two storied and accommodation varied, with large extended families living in western style houses, tin shacks or picturesque huts on poles. People reacted to us with curiosity and friendship. Many would stop us and ask to 'story' (tell about ourselves). In rural areas the sight of a white young woman was rare, and often people would call out a greeting waving furiously with their machete. The stifling heat made physical activity strenuous.
Service provision
Our first impression of the hospital was daunting. Located by the beach, it comprised of single storey buildings connected by walkways. Equipment was limited and the facilities often overcrowded. Relatives who came to visit people who had no 'wantok' (family) in the city, stayed in the hospital room. The beach was used as a dump for hospital refuse.
Our physiotherapy colleagues had limited knowledge of the skills occupational therapy students could offer but they were excited to have 'splint makers'. Some of the physiotherapists had been trained in Australia and some in Fiji, others were trained on the job. As previously mentioned, the country's first paid occupational therapist started work six weeks into the placement. She was an indigenous Solomon Islander, who had trained in New Zealand. Her education had been financed by the Solomon Island Government. On completion of her degree she had to wait 10 months for them to decide her future employment.
Aside from the health professionals already mentioned, staffing was limited to the CBR aides. These local workers were not trained in any specific allied health discipline. Accountability in terms of time management, professional protocols, gathering and documenting client information was limited in both CBR and IBR workplaces. For instance, documentation and accountability for a CBR aide could consist solely of a letter written to their department head explaining what they had done the past month.
Service needs
People with disabilities faced poverty, discrimination and physical environmental barriers limiting their participation in occupations. A lack of general health knowledge and limited schooling caused minor problems to develop into major impairments. Many islands had no immediate access to health professionals. People came to the hospital sometimes one year post injury. As a result, conditions such as a dislocated hip required lengthy admissions. Strong family ties in the 'wantok' system ensured family members with a disability were cared for. Tailored services were limited or unavailable and so often people with a disability did little for themself. For example, children with cerebral palsy (CP) could be left lying on their back, on a mat, all day as family fed and cleaned them but provided few activities. Thus, family interdependence inadvertently promoted pressure sores, deformity, contractures and underdeveloped cognitive and emotional skills.
Student's occupational therapy programme
After considering the above needs we set about developing a programme. A week consisted of two days in the hospital (IBR) and 3 days in the community with the local CBR aides visiting local homes.
Within the hospital, sports and garden groups were organised for clients with various impairments, such as upper or lower limb amputation; acquired brain injury; burns; and musculoskeletal injuries mainly related to machete cuts. Self care and domestic activities of daily living groups were also facilitated. In the community, developmental groups were run for children with CP within the local Red Cross facility. We visited clients in their home to address issues such as pressure care; inclusion of children with disabilities in family routines; incorporating appropriate play ideas for children with developmental delay into daily routines; and assisting adults with hemiplegia, or other physical disabilities to learn ways to dress and care for themselves. These CBR home visits introduced us to various levels of poverty and a range of living conditions. The terrain covered, the local housing conditions of more affluent clients, and the appropriate dress for the region is illustrated in Figure 1.
Formal evaluation of the student led occupational therapy programmes was not undertaken. Nonetheless the student's reflections are described in this section.
Several factors that might have improved our performance and university supervision of this placement became apparent only after the project had begun. Prior to leaving for the Solomon Islands research into the health needs of the people living there, revealed little information about the types of conditions and disabilities that we would need to address. Moreover, we found few guidelines to direct the preparation process within occupational therapy literature. The successful preparation strategies included attending meetings over the course of one week prior to our departure. We wanted to learn what we could about culturally appropriate dress, communication style, family customs, roles of men and women, taboo customs/beliefs/habits of the local people and attitudes to white people, from people familiar with the Solomon Islands. This also provided opportunity to practice the pidgin dialect, and come to understand the many differences between us and the local people. Cultural competency was further enhanced by preliminary tutorials and key readings provided by our supervisor and others, to facilitate reflection on our personal beliefs, attitudes, and values. In addition, on our arrival CBR workers and hospital based colleagues provided crucial insight into many aspects of the Solomon Island culture that might have taken us months to understand.
Internet communications with experienced occupational therapists in Australia occurred regularly during the placement. As a result, our supervisor was able to suggest, direct, and provide feedback that led to the implementation of a group programme for children with cerebral palsy, as well as ideas for facilitating function for the child in the home. This advice usually came within a day of asking. Alternatively, other conditions presented a need for different expertise and locating a suitable clinician willing and able to offer appropriate advice often led to crucial delays. For example, burns and machete cuts were common due to the methods being used in the performance of daily occupations. In one instance, a girl required a splint for a burn to her hand. Finding a suitable advisor caused a two week delay in treatment inasmuch as the splint we made was unsuitable and the prescription of range of motion exercises was delayed. Things like this may have been avoided if we had more information about the type of conditions likely to require intervention prior to leaving.
Our physical presence in the hospital and in the communities gave us a realistic picture of what we could possibly achieve. Informal evaluation of the types, number, and adequacy of current programmes was addressed by talking with local people. After we discovered the cultural tendency to hide people with disabilities away from public view we investigated, and identified, the population groups missing out on service delivery. See Table 3.
Similarly, equipment could possibly have been organized and shipped in preparation. For instance, the local mobility aids (especially wheelchairs) and splinting materials were basic. Overall, we wanted to promote autonomy and self sufficiency for the programme and workers in the Solomon Islands, and we did achieve this to some extent by modifying local items. Nonetheless, other items manufactured and easily available in Australia made an enormous difference. Some people with amputations for example, were given specially modified wheelchairs from Australia that had big tyres enabling them to navigate rough terrain. Overall the question of providing materials from Australia was a dilemma because it is contrary to the principles of CBR. Ultimately, we were guided by the philosophy of CBR which promotes self sufficiency for, and by, the local community. See Table 4.
Once the paucity of supplies and local funding options was revealed several aid agencies were approached for donations and the money was used for supplies. The indigenous occupational therapist collaborated and expanded our findings and efforts after she joined the team. Various organizational issues were also addressed. These included establishing a system for documentation, client transport, funding options, and staff accountability. See Table 5.
This paper has described the experience of two Australian occupational therapy students on fieldwork placement in the Solomon Islands. The students planned interventions and coped with difficulties as they arose and thus achieved positive outcomes during their learning experience. Not having an occupational therapy supervisor at hand meant the students faced many challenges in trying to practice efficiently. Their local IBR physiotherapy supervisor provided valuable assistance by introducing contacts, interpreting, explaining cultural issues as they pertained to therapy, and setting up opportunities for practical experience. However, he had limited knowledge of the specifics of occupational therapy practice. Although the students were able to contact their Australian supervisor daily, they also relied on each other for support. Coming from similar cultural backgrounds helped them to relate to each others needs.
Fransen (2005) identified important strategies to advance occupational therapy services within CBR. These included collecting and sharing examples of the work occupational therapists are doing in CBR; mentorship from those working within CBR; development of process models that bridge the gap between occupational therapy theory and the realities of CBR practice; dissemination of information through publication; and research to improve occupational therapy's agency in CBR.
The students skill development initiatives were mainly aimed at the CBR aides. Although the effect of the students input was not formally reviewed, the students themselves thought documentation and group skills improved. The aides' ability to maintain the developed programmes was facilitated by providing them with resources, increased autonomy, and by inclusion in the latter stages of service development. Had they been involved in all stages of the programme development they may have gained more understanding and confidence. In the end, the new occupational therapist was provided with programme information for continued maintenance. In hindsight, it would have been more effective to include the occupational therapist from the beginning. In that way, she would have had increased ownership of the programme as it developed.
Strategies used to improve time management and thus work output had different levels of success. For instance, a small gift of a watch made a difference to time management but it was disappointing when documentation was not completed because there was no accountability. Training groups were always well attended, perhaps because the group dynamics were so powerful. For example, members of the sports group would encourage each other to ignore negative comments from onlookers. Mentorship between old and new group members was a useful strategy to ensure ongoing group participation.
Given the local tendency to rely on the wantok system, a disabled person may assume it is family's duty to assist them with activities of daily living. Thus, relevant occupation based interventions met with mixed responses. Alternatively, engaging clients with disabilities in leisure occupations had much more impact on the Solomon Island locals. This may be because the singular sedentary activities found in Western cultures, such as TV and radio, are not available in the islands and so leisure occupations are commonly shared with others.
The lack of accurate information about the needs of clients with disabilities in the Solomon Islands prior to departure meant the students did not feel they were appropriately prepared. Those needs only became evident when the students were faced with assessing client's needs. In addition, the students struggled to cope with the local attitude towards people with disabilities as the general community commonly responded by shunning or laughing at them.
Nonetheless, placements like this are worthwhile to both students, and the facilities that host them. They are a valuable opportunity for Western students to gain experiences they would unlikely be exposed to otherwise. Facilities that host student placements benefit from the students knowledge, skill, and enthusiasm, which are valuable commodities in the majority world. Working in collaboration with local people promotes self-esteem and determination, encourages ownership of programmes initiated, and thus the continuation of worthwhile projects.
Key messages:
* Occupational therapy services in the Pacific region benefit people with disabilities.
* Sharing knowledge of strategies used to meet the needs of people with disabilities living in adverse and under resourced communities as well as positive and negative outcomes is important.
* Collaboration with local people is essential for ongoing development of occupational therapy services in CBR.
* Professional communities in New Zealand and Australia could assist occupational therapy service development in under privileged communities by educating and supporting indigenous people through student placements.
* The WHO's CBR and IBR strategies require support and assistance from the worldwide occupational therapy profession to sustain health professionals, students and CBR workers.
At the completion of the placement, the CBR manager advertised three generic positions within the field of disability in Solomon Islands, in an Australia-wide Occupational Therapy newsletter. One of the CBR aides working at the time of this placement has now graduated from the local occupational therapy course.
Bourke-Taylor, H. M., & Hudson, D. (2005). Cultural differences: The experience of establishing an occupational therapy service in a developing community. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 52(3), 188-198.
Bourke-Taylor, H. M. (July, 2006). Overcoming obstacles to occupational therapy service delivery in developing communities: Cultural considerations and case examples. Presentation at the World Federation of Occupational Therapists 14th Congress, Sydney, Australia.
Fransen, H. (2005). Challenges for occupational therapy in community-based rehabilitation. In F. Kronenberg, S. A. Salvador, & N. Pollard (Eds.). Occupational therapy without borders: Learning from the spirit of survivors (pp. 166-182). London, UK: Elsevier.
Gordon, M. (Saturday July 5th, 2006). Pacific politicians turn a blind eye: Poor governance and corruption threatens to sweep island nations down the drain. The Age, p.15.
Kronenberg, F., Salvador, S. A., & Pollard, N. (2005). Occupational therapy without borders: Learning from the spirit of survivors. London, UK: Elsevier.
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Ana Burggraaf, B. Occ. Thy.
Barwon Health, McKellar Centre
Geelong, 3220. Victoria, Australia
Helen Bourke-Taylor (corresponding author)
B. App. Sc. O.T., M.S. O.T., PhD candidate
Lecturer, La Trobe University
School of Occupational Therapy
Bundoora, 3083. Victoria, Australia.
Table 1: Brief comparison: Solomon Islands and Australia (National Geographical Society, 2008) Items of comparison Solomon Islands Australia Population 472,000 20,351,000 Official languages Melanesian pidgin, English, Indigenous 120 indigenous languages, various languages, English immigrant languages Rate of More than 80% of unemployment Solomon islanders 4.8% live outside the cash economy Literacy percent 62 99 (estimated) Life expectancy 71 80 (yrs) Gross domestic US$1,700 US$26,900 product per capita Table 2. Examples of Solomon Island occupations, customs, and performance. Customs/performance/tools Occupation Examples and tool use Productive Gardening Machetes as multipurpose tools. Fishing Traditional dug out canoes with paddles. Produce marketing Open air markets, small subsistence produces. Craft Different provinces have specific craft expertise. Caring for 'stacka pikini' Shared by all family (many children) members. A child chosen by the family may become the maidservant'. Self care Toileting Long drops, the sea or the bush. Personal ADL's Locations included: the 'swim swim' sea, rivers, the pump or public taps with buckets. Cooking 'kaikai' and Cooking by open fire, eating underground 'motus' or ovens made from barrels. Food often eaten outside. Toe nails Toe nails are cut with a machete Leisure 'Storying' or conversation Hold hands while conversing. People invited and thanked for storying . Soccer and volley ball Most villages have their own soccer fields and volleyball areas. Music and dance People with disabilities often excluded from active sport. Style of dance and music varied between tribes. Table 3: Occupation focused interventions Obstacles Strategies Outcomes 'Wantok' cared for Endeavoured to educate Mixed responses. clients when client clients and 'wantok' Interest in learning capable and on the relationship to be independent interested in self between health and limited to young or care. participation in daily newly disabled activities. persons. Negative attitudes Sports and gardening Clients enjoyed limited client groups initiated to participating and participation in facilitate client began to ignore occupations. empowerment. negative comments from onlookers. People with Sports group offering Clients more motivated disabilities modified games, such to join in leisure hidden/laughed at, as sit down volley occupations. or avoided. ball, table soccer, and paired cricket (person A running, person B batting). Table 4: Resources Obstacles Strategies Outcomes Limited access to Laptop computer taken Reproducible outlines, technology. to the Solomon handouts, application Islands. letters, and Occupational Therapy PowerPoint presentations. Communication Other staff More effective interpreted, communication. directions repeated, picture handouts created. Overwhelming need, Debriefed with fellow Self management - disabilities, student; recorded contained feelings of poverty, and personal feelings in a being overwhelmed/ unsanitary diary. ineffective. conditions. Absence of therapy Smooth sticks used to Adaptive equipment and tools. build up handles, therapy items bottles filled with organised with little stones to make a expense. rattle. Other disciplines In-service for IBR and Staff more aware of unaware of CBR staff. occupational therapy occupational knowledge base. therapy scope of Lecture to final practice. year nursing CBR worker applied to students. study occupational therapy. Table 5: Improving work management skills Obstacles Strategies Outcomes Time management = CBR aides given Staff arrived on time. bush time'. watches. Appointments missed Multiple clients Attendance improved. due to 'bush time'. scheduled am, noon, or pm only. Walking as a means 4 wheel-drive borrowed More clients seen and of transport. from hosts. equipment transported. Large clientele, Various group Improved client limited professional programmes initiated. contact. Group work staff. enhanced therapy. Poor writing skills Hard copy and Timber off-cuts to to apply for electronic outline for make equipment; petrol financial and letter writing to aid and the use of a resource assistance. agencies provided. school bus, and equipment for the visually impaired donated. Developmental group Group advertised via 12 children regularly for children with IBR and CBR programme, attended the group. cerebral palsy local radio, word of poorly attended. mouth. Poor group work A step-by-step guide CBR aides facilitated skills to run a written in simple sessions independently developmental group English. Observation and competently. for children with and mentoring of CBR cerebral palsy. aides. Lack of detail in New client and family Staff not interested documentation. centred forms created. in the extra work involved.
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