text:
A pelletized composition and method of using this composition for removing pollutants from storm water runoff. A bed of the pellets has a useful initial permeability to storm water runoff, and retains a significant proportion of this permeability for a period of several years. Preferably, the pellets are dried to a moisture content of less than 25 wt. % so that they are able to withstand a crush force of at least 7 lb., without structural failure. Optionally, the pellets may contain gravel that forms a core of the compost pellet and that assists in causing the compost to agglomerate into a rounded pellet. When immersed in water, the pellets retain the original dry shape and maintain a significant proportion of the crush strength while providing interstitial spaces through which storm water can flow thereby reducing the problem of sedimentation that is encountered in unpelletized beds of compost used in this service.
1. A method of treating storm water runoff to reduce the amount of pollutants in the storm water, the method comprising passing the storm water runoff through a bed of pellets, the bed of pellets sufficiently thick to significantly reduce a concentration of at least one contaminant present in the storm water, the pellets comprising mature deciduous leaf compost and gravel, the pellets able to withstand a crush force of at least about 7 lbs., before immersion in the storm water.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pellets are size-distributed such that 90% are in the range from about 1/8 to about 1/2 inch.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the pellets have a moisture content of less than about 15 wt % before the step of passing the storm water through the bed of pellets.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the bed of pellets is supported on geotextile having openings of size at least about 20 U.S. mesh size, the storm water flowing through the geotextile after passing through the bed of pellets.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the passing of the storm water through the bed removes at least about 80% of a metal ion species from the storm water.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the passing of the storm water through the bed reduces total suspended solids concentration in the storm water by at least about 90%.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the passing of the storm water through the bed of pellets is maintained at a rate of at least about 2.5 U.S. gallons per minute per square foot of bed after 3 years.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the passing of storm water through the bed of pellets is at an initial rate of at least about 8 gallons per minute per square foot.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the bed of pellets comprises spherical-shaped pellets.
10. A composition for treating storm water runoff, the composition comprising, in pellet form, mature deciduous leaf compost, the pellet comprising less than about 25 wt. % water, based on a dry weight of the compost.
11. The composition of claim 10, wherein the pellet has a core of gravel.
12. The composition of claim 10, wherein the pellet comprises from about 0 to about 70 wt % gravel, based on the sum of the dry weights of the gravel and the compost.
13. The composition of claim 10, wherein the pellet has a crush strength of at least about 7 lb.
14. The composition of claim 10, wherein the moisture content of the pellet is less than about 15 wt %.
15. A method of pelletizing compost for use in the treatment of storm water runoff, the method comprising:
(a) selecting aged deciduous leaf compost prepared by aerobically composting deciduous leaves;
(b) screening the compost to remove particulates greater than about 3/4-inch in size;
(c) forming the screened compost into pellets by mixing with water and optionally gravel; and
(d) drying the pellets to a moisture content of less than about 25 wt. %, based on the weight of the dry compost.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of forming comprises mixing in a rotating drum inclined at an angle to form pellets.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the mixing comprises mixing about 85 to about 125 wt % water, based on the sum of the dry weights of the compost and optional gravel.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the mixing comprises mixing with about 0 to about 70 wt % gravel, based on the sum of the dry weights of compost and gravel.
19. The method of claim 15, wherein the drying comprises drying to a moisture content of less than about 15 wt %.
20. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of drying comprises drying to produce pellets having a crush strength of at least about 7 lbs.
21. The method of claim 15, wherein the forming comprises forming pellets having a size distribution such that 90% are in the range about 1/8 to about 1/2 inch.
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 08/452,504 filed on May 30, 1995, now abandoned.
The invention relates to the treatment of storm water runoff to remove pollutants from the runoff prior to discharge into a water-receiving system. More particularly, the invention relates to treatment of the storm water runoff by passing the runoff through a bed of pelletized mature deciduous leaf compost that removes pollutants from the runoff.
Storm water runoff is a form of diffuse or non-point source pollution. It is caused by rain washing pollutants, such as particulate matter, organic matter, heavy metals, and organic toxins into receiving natural bodies of water. As a consequence, natural bodies of water that receive storm water also receive pollutants that have harmful environmental effects. The amount of pollution entering into such receiving bodies of water is related to the degree of urbanization in the surrounding area and the nature of the urbanization. Urbanization results in the paving of land with water-impermeable materials, such as concrete, upon which pollutants tend to accumulate over time. Rain falling upon this type of surface washes the pollutants into the storm water runoff system and thence into the receiving water body.
Several hundred years ago storm water runoff was not a significant problem. Rain fell on earth rich in organic matter formed by the accumulation of decayed vegetation. This organic matter absorbed and filtered the water before it made its way into the groundwater, streams and rivers. In addition, the undisturbed soils lost little particulate matter due to erosion, and there was insignificant, if any, amounts of oil and grease, heavy metals or organic toxins to be carried into the receiving wetlands, streams and rivers.
Now, however, due to increasing urbanization, storm water runoff has been identified as a significant source of pollution in receiving water bodies. Storm water differs from waste water in many ways. Unlike wastewater, which flows more or less continuously year around, storm water is intermittent, and usually shows seasonal peaks. Pollutant concentrations in storm water, in addition to being highly dependent on localized factors, are also correlated with rainfall interval spacing. In other words, the longer the period between storms, the greater the potential for high pollutant concentration(s) when a rainfall event occurs. This is due to the continual accretion of pollutants on surfaces between rainfall episodes. Thus, potential damage to receiving water ecosystems is often greatest after a prolonged dry spell, such as occurs during summer periods over much of the west coast of the United States, when the first storms of the fall season wash particularly concentrated accumulations of toxic materials off roadways and other surfaces. These first flush events occur when receiving streams are at low flow and dilution of the pollutants from the storm water is limited. The degree of pollution of the receiving water body is heavily rainfall intensity dependent. Therefore the heaviest pollutant loading at the end of a dry spell may not occur during the first storms, if these storms are not of sufficient strength to flush pollutants off the rainfall receiving surfaces.
Within a particular storm event, there is also what is known as the "first flush" phenomenon. Generally, the first flush occurs during the first half-hour or so, when the rain is flushing the amassed buildup of pollutants that has accumulated during the interval since the preceding storm, and pollution loadings are highest. Even if the storm lasts several hours or more, contamination levels during the remainder of the storm are usually low or even undetectable.
In an effort to address the pollution problems posed by storm water runoff, U.S. Pat. No. 5,322,629 proposes a method and apparatus for treating storm water. In accordance with the invention of the '629 patent, storm water is passed through a bed of high quality leaf compost material that removes pollutants from the runoff prior to its discharge into a water-receiving system. The patent also illustrates and describes embodiments of an apparatus that facilitates the treatment of the water through the bed of compost. The '629 patent recognizes that the compost may compact over time so that the flow of storm water through each square foot of the bed is reduced. This flow rate through the bed, referred to as its "permeability" in the '629 patent but more correctly termed its "infiltration capacity," is an important parameter. If the infiltration capacity of the bed, i.e., the flow rate in gallons per minute through a square foot of the bend, is low, then a large bed is needed to treat a specified rate of water runoff On the other hand, if the infiltration capacity is high, then a smaller bed may be used but there may be insufficient contact time between the water and the compost for removal of pollutants. Moreover, storm water carries with it sediment, such as sand and other particulates, that can cause gradual clogging up of flow channels in a compost bed so that infiltration capacity is reduced.
In order to enhance long-term infiltration capacity, the '629 patent teaches that at least about 15% by dry weight (of the compost) of gravel or crushed rock should be added to and mixed with the compost to form a bed. Nevertheless, despite such gravel addition, it has been found that over a period of time the infiltration capacity of the compost bed decreases so that the bed must ultimately be replaced. Replacement generally requires some manual labor, and is relatively expensive especially since the operation does not generate revenue for the municipality maintaining the sewer. Municipalities would prefer a storm water runoff treatment system that significantly reduces the frequency with which compost beds must be replaced in order to conserve limited financial resources. However, excessively large beds, to allow for decreasing infiltration capacity over time, are also not favored due to their higher initial capital cost. Thus, a desirable replacement medium for the compost beds should have high initial infiltration capacity, and maintain a significant proportion of this infiltration capacity for a long period of time, preferably a period of several years, that constitutes its useful life.
The invention provides a composition and method that is effective for removing pollutants from storm water runoff. The composition is in pellet-form, and storm water readily flows through a bed of such pellets, i.e., the bed has a useful initial infiltration capacity to storm water runoff and this capacity can be substantially regenerated through simple maintenance. The bed also retains its capacity to remove pollutants from storm water for a period of at least about 3 to about 4 years.
The pelletized composition of the invention includes mature deciduous leaf compost, and is dried to a moisture content of less than about 15 wt. % based on the dry weight of the compost. Surprisingly, the pelletized compost, optionally including a core of gravel, resists crushing, and is able to withstand a crush force of at least about 7 lbs, without structural failure. When immersed in water, the pellets of the composition substantially retain their original dry shape, and maintain a proportion of their resistance to crush forces. The interstitial spaces between pellets in the bed provide a flow path for storm water. As a consequence of the pelletized shape of the composition, and the interstitial spaces created between the pellets, a bed of the pellets is able to maintain a useful infiltration capacity, even after storm water has deposited some sediment in the bed.
The invention also provides a method of treating storm water runoff that includes passing the storm water runoff through a bed of spherical-shaped pellets. The bed of pellets is sufficiently thick to significantly reduce the concentration of the pollutants in the runoff.
In addition, the invention provides a method of pelletizing compost so that the pellets may be used in the treatment of storm water runoff. The method includes preparing aged deciduous leaf compost by aerobically composting deciduous leaves. This aged compost, known as "mature compost," is then screened to remove particulates greater than about 1/2 inch. The screened compost is then formed into pellets by mixing with water and optionally added gravel in a rotary drum-type device, such as a concrete mixer. The pellets formed, typically about 90% in the about 1/8 to about 1/2-inch size range, are then dried to a moisture content of less than about 15 wt. %, based on the dry weight of the compost. It has been found that, when mixed in a rotary drum with gravel, the pelletized compositions of the invention often have a central core of gravel surrounded by a thick layer of compost.
The foregoing aspects and many of the attendant advantages of this invention will become more readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross-section through an embodiment of a spherical-shaped compost pellet of the invention that has a gravel core;
FIG. 2 is a plan schematic view of an illustrative embodiment of a storm water treatment apparatus using the pelletized compositions of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the illustrative storm water treatment apparatus of FIG. 2, taken along line 3--3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an end cross-sectional view of the illustrative storm water treatment apparatus of FIG. 2, taken along the line 4--4 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic drawing of an apparatus for measuring the crush force applied to a pellet of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a bar graph showing flow rates, in gallons per minute per square foot, through various pelletized beds of the invention as compared to unpelletized beds; and
FIG. 7 is a bar graph illustrating the percentage removal of metal ions from storm water, using a bed of pelletized compost versus unpelletized compost.
The invention provides a pelletized composition, a method of making the pelletized composition, and a method of using the pelletized composition to treat storm water runoff to reduce the amount of pollutants in the runoff. In order to treat storm water runoff, a bed of the pelletized composition of the invention is formed, of sufficient thickness to remove pollutants from the runoff to a desired level, while at the same time providing a useful rate of flow for runoff through the bed.
The dried pelletized composition of the invention optionally and preferably includes a central core of gravel, crushed rock, or other suitable substitute, surrounded by a hardened layer of mature deciduous leaf compost. The preparation of such compost is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,322,629, which is hereby fully incorporated by reference. Preferably, the leaves for making the compost are whole, and not run through a vacuum chipper. The leaves are preferably deciduous or mainly deciduous and large proportions of pine needles, chestnut and walnut leaves are undesirable. Foreign matter, such as glass, plastics, metal, etc. are preferably removed. Importantly, the composting process is aerobic, preferably in open windrows about 15 feet across at the base, 8 feet high and 4 feet across at the top. The windrows should be well drained and internal temperatures should be monitored. To avoid anaerobic conditions, the windrows should be turned before temperatures decline from a temperature plateau in the range of 160�-200� F., depending upon the season. This generally produces a suitable mature compost within about 200 to about 270 days, depending upon the internal temperature and drainage of the windrows. Moisture content of the composting leaves should preferably be maintained in the range of 55 to 70 wt. % (based on the wet weight of the material).
The composition of the pellets may be more readily understood when the method of making the pellets is considered. Mature deciduous leaf compost, prepared as described above, is preferred as the primary compost material used for forming the pellets. It has been found that this type of compost is effective in removing pollutants from storm water runoff and leaks little color or nutrients into treated water. To encourage agglomeration of the compost into pellets, larger fibrous material must first be removed from the compost. Thus, the compost is first screened through a 3/4� 1/2 inch slot-screen to remove oversized particulates that may interfere with the pelletizing process. When the pelletizing process, described below, is properly controlled, pellets produced do not release excessive amounts of fines when in use that may hinder infiltration capacity. Otherwise, it may be convenient to remove fine material from the compost, by screening over a 20 U.S. mesh screen.
The screened compost, having a consistency like light potting soil and a moisture content of about 70 wt. % (by dry weight), is charged to a storage hopper. From the hopper it is controlledly fed to a cylindrical rotating drum, with a predetermined amount of water and, optionally, a predetermined mount of gravel, crushed stone, or the like. The drum preferably rotates at a rate of about 10-12 rpm when it is a drum of diameter about 42 inches and length about 8 feet, inclined at an angle of about 7�. The particle size is dependent upon all these factors (rotation rate, drum size and angle of inclination) and one of skill in the art can produce pellets within a required size range without undue experimentation by adjusting these parameters. The amount of water charged to the drum is carefully controlled. The quantity of water should be sufficiently high to encourage balling up of the compost into pellets, but should not be excessive because the water must be driven off later to produce a final dried pellet with a water content of less than about 15 wt. %, based on the bone dry weights of the compost and any included gravel. As will be explained later, a low water content is preferred in order to produce pellets with a relatively high crush strength. Preferably, water is added to produce a mixture in the drum that contains about 85 to 125 wt. % water, based on the dry weights of the compost and gravel, if any gravel is present.
In those preferred embodiments, when gravel forms part of the compost pellets, it is preferred that the pellets contain from about 5 to about 80 wt. % gravel, based on the sum of the dry weights of the compost and gravel, more preferably from about 20 to about 50 wt. %. Preferably, the gravel particulates are in the size range less than 1/4 inch but greater than about 10 U.S. sieve number. Often, a proportion of gravel is present in the original deciduous leaves that are composted, so that the compost already contains some gravel. This amount of gravel should be taken into account when determining the amount of gravel that should be added to achieve a predetermined gravel content in the pelletized compositions.
The pellets are then charged to a dryer, where they are dried to a moisture content of less than about 15 wt. %, preferably less than 10 wt. %, and most preferably less than about 7 wt. %, based on the dry weight of the compost and gravel, if any gravel is present. The drying of the pellets to this predetermined moisture content is important. It has been found that pellets dried to this water content retain their shape upon immersion in water for long periods of time. Moreover, pellets of such moisture content are able to withstand a crush force of up to about 7 lbs., preferably on average about 10 lbs., without fracture or failure of the structure. The method of measuring this crush strength is explained in Example 1, below. The drying also reduces the tendency of the compost to leak color into the storm water.
Proper control of the pelletizing process preferably produces pellets sized so that 90% are within the size range from about 1/8 in. diameter to about 1/2 in. diameter. Some pellets produced by the rotating drum may be sized up to 1 in. in diameter, whereas others would be significantly smaller than 1/8 in. The pellets are clearly not completely uniformly spherical so that a "diameter" of a pellet is the "mean diameter" of several different measured "diameters." A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of such a pellet 10 is shown in FIG. 1. This particular embodiment includes a core of gravel 12 surrounded by a layer of compost 14.
As explained above, the pelletized compost-containing compositions of the invention may be formed into beds of pellets for the treatment of storm water runoff to remove pollutants. When formed into beds, the spherical-shaped pellets pack together to form linked interstitial spaces between them that are flow channels for storm water, thereby allowing a useful rate of flow of water through each square foot of bed surface area for flow. For example, in service, as a design minimum, water should flow through the bed at a rate of at least about 2.0 to 2.5 gallons per minute per square foot. Since infiltration capacity decreases with increasing sedimentation, the initial infiltration capacity should be significantly higher, for example, at least 8.0 gallons per minute per square foot and preferably at least about 12 to about 15 gallons per minute per square foot.
Certain storm waters may contain more sediment than others, and a portion of this sediment may be settled out in pre-settling chambers that precede the entry of the runoff onto the pelletized bed. Nevertheless, some sediment will inevitably be carded into the bed over time so that sedimentation, and resultant loss of infiltration capacity, will commence. Since the compositions are in pelletized form, sediment may not blanket the bed causing a precipitous decline in infiltration capacity, but may gradually fill up some of the interstitial spaces, leaving others available for storm water flow. As a result, the effect of sedimentation is not as deleterious on a pelletized compost bed, as on a bed of unpelletized compost, such as disclosed in fully-incorporated U.S. Pat. No. 5,322,629. When sedimentation is well controlled, it is expected that an open pelletized bed of the invention may remain in useful operation, removing pollutants from storm water runoff for at least about one year without significant maintenance, and for at least about three and up to about four or more years with maintenance. The maintenance includes periodic removal of any accumulated top layer of sediment and loosening of the bed, for example, with a pitchfork, to enhance infiltration capacity.
It is preferred that the beds have a thickness of from about 10 inches to about 1.5 ft. Clearly, the thickness of the bed is dependent upon the concentration and type of pollutants expected to be found in the storm water runoff, and also the available head of the water on the bed and its infiltration capacity. Thus, if the runoff is relatively "clean" having only low levels of pollutants that are easier to remove, then the bed may be relatively shallow. On the other hand, runoff that is relatively "dirty" or that contains a pollutant that is hard to remove may be significantly thicker in order to ensure complete removal of the pollutant, or removal to an acceptable level. The higher the available head of water, the thicker the bed may be for a predetermined limit of infiltration capacity.
While the pelletized compost compositions of the invention have relatively high crush strength, it is not recommended that pressure, approximating the pressure exerted by the shoes of a walking adult, be exerted on a bed of the wet pellets in use. Subjection to such pressure may result in compaction of walked-on sections of the bed leading to permanent loss of infiltration capacity in those sections of the bed. Generally, when a bed loses infiltration capacity, the infiltration capacity may be regenerated by scraping off accumulated sediment on top of the bed and by raking, or otherwise disturbing the bed, to dislodge sediment that has become entrapped in interstitial spaces between pellets.
An illustrative storm water treatment apparatus 20, in accordance with the invention, is schematically illustrated in FIGS. 2-4. The apparatus 20 is generally rectangular, as viewed from above, with opposing side walls 22, 24 sloping inwardly and downwardly toward the center to terminate in a flat base 26, as can be seen more deafly in FIG. 4. The embodiment shown has vertical end walls 30, 32 and a vertical dividing wall 34 extending transversely across the center of the apparatus 20 to divide the apparatus into a first compartment 36 and a second compartment 38. Each of these compartments is at least partially filled with pelletized compost to a predetermined height to form two pelletized beds, 36a and 38a, respectively. Advantageously, the apparatus is located in the path of storm water runoff. Thus, a forebay 40 is located upstream of the first end wall 30 of the apparatus, and outside the apparatus, for receiving storm water from the storm water supply pipe 42. At the opposite end of the apparatus 20, is a receiving basin 44 for collecting and conveying away overflow runoff from the apparatus 20.
During operation, water from the storm water supply conduit 42 enters the forebay area 40 where at least a portion of the sediment and solids in the runoff is collected. The water then flows over end wall 30 into the first bed 36a. At least a portion of the water flows downward through the bed and is purified of pollutants through contact with the pellets in the bed. The treated water then flows through a geotextile 46 lining the base 26 of the apparatus. Preferably, the geotextile is of a woven construction having an infiltration capacity of at least about 200 gallons per minute per square foot, and an apparent opening size of at least about U.S. mesh size 20, with a 17% open area. An example of such a geotextile is EROSION™-X style 52047-000 of Synthetic Industries Inc. of Chattanooga, Tenn., or its equivalent. After the water filters through the geotextile, it flows into the drain field 48. The drain field preferably includes a layer of rocks with interstitial spaces into which water can drain from the compost bed. At least one, in this case a pair, of perforated longitudinally extending drain pipes 50 extend along the length of the base of the apparatus to collect treated water and direct the water to a treated water receiving basin 44.
During a storm water runoff event, storm water runoff is discharged into storm water forebay 40 through storm water feed pipe 42. When the forebay fills, excess storm water flows over end wall 30 and into the first compost bed 36a. Due to the infiltration capacity of the bed of pelletized compost, the storm water flows downwardly through the bed, through the material 46 and into drain field 48. If the entry rate of storm water entering compost chamber 36 exceeds the infiltration capacity of the pelletized compost bed 36a, excess storm water builds up in chamber 36, and overflows dividing wall 34 into bed 38a in chamber 38. In a similar manner to that described for bed 36a, the storm water flows downwardly through the bed 38a, through the layer of water permeable material 46 and into drain field 48. If the entry rate of storm water builds up in chamber 38 then it overflows end wall 32 into the excess storm water overflow basin 46. Storm water entering the drain field 48 from the compost beds 36a, 38a is collected by the perforated drain pipes 50 and is discharged from the apparatus 20 as treated effluent.
As shown in FIG. 4, representative wall 30 may be provided with one or more generally "V"-shaped or trapezoidal notch structures 35 on the upper edge 37 of the wall to facilitate uniform distribution of storm water overflowing the wall onto compost in the next receiving compost bed.
The illustrative embodiment shown in FIGS. 2-4, as described above, is particularly suitable for large capacity applications and may, if desired, be constructed directly in the ground with apparatus side walls 22, 24 being formed by the excavated ground. In such applications, a layer of water impermeable material (not shown) is preferably used to line the excavation beneath drain field 48 and the side walls 22, 24 to prevent the storm water from exiting the apparatus, except by flowing through the beds into the drain field or excess water over flow basin.
The method of the invention significantly reduces the concentration of pollutants typically found in storm water, particularly heavy metal ions, oils and greases, and total suspended solids, while not materially affecting the pH of the water. A "significant reduction" depends upon the initial concentration and the degree to which the concentration is reduced towards a target or criterion permissible concentration, whether set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, or by state or local regulation, or by a purchaser of the invention. For example, heavy metal ions are reduced by at least about 90% for most metals, and at least about 80% for total lead, chrome and iron in storm water. Moreover, the method of the invention also removes at least about 70%, preferably about 90% total suspended solids (TSS) from storm water.
The following examples illustrate certain aspects of the invention, and do not limit the scope of the invention as described above and claimed herebelow.
Method of Crush Testing Pelletized Compost
In order to test the crush strength of the spherical-shaped pellets of the invention, the pellets are placed in an apparatus 60 that includes a scale 62 on which is mounted a hydraulic jack 64 that is able to reciprocate until its upper surface contacts an undersurface 61 of a fixed rectangular frame 66, as shown in FIG. 5. Thus, the scale 62 is first placed on the base 63 of the rectangular frame 66, and the jack 64 is placed on the scale. The scale is then reset to read zero. A compost pellet of the invention 10 is placed on the crushing surface 65 of the jack and the jack is raised until the pellet contacts the undersurface 61 of the rectangular frame. Then the jack is slowly raised, while the scale is monitored. The reading on the scale when the pellet begins to crumble is the crush strength of the pellet.
Twenty pellets with average diameters ranging from about 0.6 to about 0.8 inches were crushed using the above-described method. These pellets had a moisture content of about 5.7 wt. %, on a dry weight basis and had a gravel content of about 30 wt. %. The pellets demonstrated significant durability, with a minimum crush strength of about 7 lbs., and a maximum crush strength of about 15 lbs. The average crush strength of the pellets was about 9.7 lbs.
In order to determine the effect of moisture content and gravel content on the infiltration capacity of pelletized beds of compost, a series of infiltration capacity tests were conducted. In each case, batches of compost were processed with predetermined amounts of gravel into pellets which were then dried in a forced air dryer. Batches of partially wet pellets were removed after about 1-1.5 days of drying, and later also batches of completely dry pellets.
Infiltration capacity tests were conducted on a standard column using a recycle system to return effluent water from the bed back to a storage vessel to recycle through the pelletized bed continuously. The standard rectangular test column had a square cross-section with sides 1 foot long to provide a 1 square foot area for flow. The pellet bed was supported in the column so that water would drain from it into a receiving basin beneath. The column was sequentially filled to an 18-inch height with pellets from each batch to form a bed. During operation, a static head of water, 10.5 to 12 inches high, was maintained on top of the bed. The infiltration rate of each bed was measured after 2 hours and recorded. The results were as follows:
TABLE 1______________________________________ Infiltration capacitywt. % moisture wt. % gravel (gpm/ft2)______________________________________7 66 6.675.2 65 8.3311 50 12.6762 52 4.503.6 52 10.6760 30 3.6721 46 16.503 30 15.50______________________________________
The results indicate that there is not a good relationship between flow through the bed (infiltration capacity) and moisture content when the moisture content is in the range from about 3 to about 21 wt. %. However, when the moisture content is high, greater than 60 wt. %, the permeability is less than when the moisture content is in the range from about 3 to about 21 wt. %. Moreover, although the moister material had good structure, the strength of the material was relatively lower. The results also indicate that adding more gravel is not necessarily better. The highest infiltration capacities were achieved using pellets with the lowest gravel content. It is believed that the high infiltration capacity achieved for the pellets made without gravel is suspect because the pellets were large (up to softball size) and an excessive amount of water was added to process the compost into pellets. Based on the results, it appears that a gravel content in the range 45 to about 50 wt. %, based on the dry weight of the gravel and compost, provides best results. Moreover, the pellets should also have a low moisture content, less than about 15 wt. %, based on the dry weight of the compost and the gravel.
Further tests were conducted to more particularly identify the gravel and moisture contents of pellets that provide optimum flow properties, initial and ultimate permeability, when the pellets are packed in a bed. As in Example 2, samples of pellets having different moisture and gravel contents were prepared from mature deciduous leaf compost and gravel. The pellets were packed into a standard column, described in Example 2, to a bed depth of 18 inches. A static head of about 12 inches of water was maintained above the bed to provide a driving force for flow. The infiltration capacity of each bed of pellets was measured after two hours of water flow through the bed. The results are shown in Tables 2A and 2B, below.
TABLE 2A______________________________________ Infiltration capacityRange of wt. % moisture (gpm/ft2)______________________________________ 0-15 11.115-25 13.425-40 7.250-70 4.1 70+ 1.2______________________________________
TABLE 2B______________________________________ Infiltration capacityVol. % of gravel added (gpm/ft2)______________________________________ 0 8.8 5 11.310 9.320 7.5______________________________________
Based on the results of Table 2A, the optimal moisture content is in the range 0-25 wt. %, based on the dry weight of compost and gravel. This moisture content range also provides a pellet with a durable structure, suitable for transportation. Furthermore, the pellet does not require complete drying, so that a small forced air dryer can achieve this moisture content for a six-inch deep bed of pellets in approximately 36 hours. Drying time may be decreased by using solar heat in conjunction with forced air.
Table 2B suggests that the optimum gravel content is about 5 vol %, i.e., about 45 to about 50 wt. %, based on the sum of the dry weights of gavel and compost in the pellet. However, gravel content does not appear to be critical since it has been observed that flow rates of the order of 7 gpm/ft2, or higher, can be achieved with gravel contents as high as 66 wt. %.
Tests were conducted to determine the extent of leaching of nitrogen and phosphorous compounds into water passed through a bed of pelletized compost, in accordance with the invention.
Compost was prepared from deciduous leaves derived from leafy material obtained from the City of Portland composting facility. The compost was first screened to remove fines. Thereafter, the material was processed into pellets containing 30 wt. % gravel, and having a moisture content of about 10 wt. %. The flow rate through an 18-inch thick bed of the material was measured, in a standard column (Example 2) under a 12-inch static head of water, as 14.8 gpm/ft2. Thereafter, leaching tests were conducted on the material.
A volume of tap water was passed through an 18-inch thick bed of the pellets in a 6-inch diameter tube. After 10 gallons had flown through the bed, at a rate of 2 gallons per minute, the effluent from the bed was sampled and analyzed for pH, total suspended solids (TSS), soluble phosphorous, total phosphorous, bio-available phosphorous, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and nitrate/nitrite. The results are shown in Table 3A.
TABLE 3A______________________________________ Influent EffluentAnalyte (mg/l) (mg/l)______________________________________pH 7.6 7.8TSS -- 7P (soluble) -- --P (total) -- 0.38P (biological) -- 0.31TKN -- 1.7NO3 /NO2 0.54 13______________________________________
The results indicate an insubstantial increase in pH that may be due to instrument error. The increase in TSS is expected for a fresh bed of compost as fines initially leach from the bed. Over a period of time this diminishes until there is no measurable increase. The increased phosphorous and nitrogen levels of the effluent are also expected to decrease as more water flows through the bed.
A solution containing heavy metal ions, including cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead and zinc was prepared. This solution was passed through the 18-inch thick pelletized bed in the 6-inch column, and the effluent was sampled and analyzed. The flow rate through the bed was about 2 gpm/ft2. The results are shown in Table 3B.
TABLE 3B__________________________________________________________________________Total (mg/l) Dissolved (mg/l)AnalyteInfluent Effluent % Removed Influent Effluent % Removed__________________________________________________________________________Cd 0.059 -- 100.0 0.063 0.004 93.7Cr 0.12 0.016 86.7 0.11 0.008 92.7Cu 1.9 0.047 97.5 1.9 0.022 98.8Fe 4.7 0.48 89.8 4 0.08 98.0Pb 0.13 0.02 84.6 0.08 -- 100.0Zn 4.7 0.099 97.9 4.5 0.06 98.7__________________________________________________________________________
The results indicate that removal rates were excellent for each of the metals--removal rates exceeded 90% for most metals, and exceeded 80% for total influent chrome, iron and lead.
The infiltration capacity of compost beds of the invention prepared from pelletized compost was compared with unpelletized compost beds. The vertical scale shows the infiltration capacity in gallons per minute per square foot.
Data from a variety of prior-tested batches of pelletized and unpelletized compost were compiled and their infiltration rates were compared. The results are graphically illustrated in FIG. 6, a bar graph illustrating the superior flow rates achieved through the pelletized beds (P), as compared to the unpelletized (U) beds.
Tests were conducted to determine whether there is a significant difference between pelletized and unpelletized leaf compost with respect to the percentage removal of metal ions from water. In both the pelletized and unpelletized beds, the leaf compost was City of Portland compost. In each case, the beds were 18 inches deep and were packed in six-inch diameter cylindrical columns. The unpelletized compost was moist, and had a loose potting soil-like texture. The pelletized material was dry, with a granular structure of round-shaped particles, the majority of which were in the size range 1/8-1/2 inch diameter.
Solutions containing heavy metals were prepared and analyzed. These solutions were then passed through the compost beds and the effluent was sampled after five gallons had passed through the beds. The samples were analyzed, and the results are illustrated graphically in FIG. 7, showing removal rates for pelletized material and unpelletized material.
Due to the pelletized nature of the bed of the invention, the infiltration rate through the bed was about six times higher than the rate through the unpelletized compost. Nevertheless, as can be seen from FIG. 7, the metal ion removal of the pelletized bed compares very favorably with that of the unpelletized bed. Indeed, there is no statistically significant difference in the percentage removal.
The advantage of the invention becomes apparent when it is considered that the unpelletized material will become clogged with sediment much sooner than the pelletized compost, thereby causing untreated storm water to overflow the beds and bypass the treatment system. The pelletized compost will consequently treat more storm water, on an annual basis, and prevent a larger proportion of the influent metal ions from bypassing the compost beds and entering receiving water bodies.
While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that various changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
Referenced by
Legal Events
Original Image

subset: commoncrawl


text: Publications Search Results Users may wish to consult What's Included in the Bibliography. Results 1 - 1 Results per page: 25 50 100 Sort by: Pub Date (newest) Title Recent Additions Author Clear All Pub. Year Citation 1996 Straus, Murray A., Yodanis, Carrie L. Corporal punishment in adolescence and physical assaults on spouses in later life: What accounts for the link?. Journal of Marriage and Family. 58, (4), 825-841. Full Text Options: Original Source Worldcat Google Scholar Export Options: RIS EndNote XML [1]


text:
Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.
Many Of Nation's Mayors Receptive To Obama's Ideas On Reducing Gun Violence
Thu, January 17, 2013 12:00pm
Story by Brian Naylor
Listen to this story on npr.org »
3:00pm - 3:30pm
Story by Brian Naylor
© 2015 Regents of California Lutheran University KCLU is owned and operated by California Lutheran University


text:
PORTLAND -- Opponents of Portland Mayor Sam Adams launched a second recall attempt on Wednesday, exactly one year since he publicly confessed to covering up an affair with Beau Breedlove.
The Recall Sam Adams campaign filed a petition with the city auditor's office Wednesday morning that formally allows them to begin collecting the nearly 33,000 signatures needed by April 20 for the recall to move forward.
The first recall, a grassroots effort with a volunteer force, fell short of collecting the requisite amount of signatures from registered Portland voters to trigger a recall election. Those involved this time around are confident they'll be more successful.
Former State Sen. Avel Gordly, who represented Portland in the Legislature from 1991 through 2008, will lead the new effort.
This issue needs to be put before Portland voters so they can decide the city's future, she said Wednesday.
Timeline: Sam Adams & Beau Breedlove scandal
Gordly's challenge came less than three weeks after the first campaign to oust Adams failed. Then as now, she questioned the mayor's ability to lead Portland after he admitted to lying about the Breedlove affair in order to get elected.
It's about character - not of just an individual but of the city of Portland, Gordly said on Wednesday, adding that the city needed a clean slate after the Adams-Breedlove scandal.
Gordly brings political organization and financial connections to the second effort. She also carries credibility as an elected statewide officeholder, elected three times to represent the Cully-Beaumont district of NEPortland in the state House before winning election to the state Senate in 1997.
The second effort has carried over a lengthy mailing list compiled by Jason Wurster, the first campaign's petitioner. Local business leaders who offered little public support to the Wurster campaign have come out behind Gordly and promise a well-financed recall with paid, professional signature gatherers.
The Portland Future PAC has already hired a staff of 30 and said that volunteers will also canvass for signatures. Teresa McGuire, a spokesperson for the committee, said the campaign will reach out to voters in various city neighborhoods. Organizers have exactly three months to prompt a recall election - and Gordly predicted it would not take nearly that long.
Well-known Portland car dealer Ron Tonkin said last October that he would consider a bid for mayor if Adams was recalled.
The mayor was cleared of wrongdoing by a criminal investigation that Attorney General John Kroger conducted.
Mayor Adams was in Washington, D.C. at a conference of U.S. mayors and was not available for comment on the second campaign.
Adams and the city currently face a lawsuit from Wade Nkrumah, the mayor's former press aide, over the Breedlove scandal. Breedlove himself recently announced he was writing a memoir about his relationship with Adams and the subsequent scandal.
KGW News Reporter Randy Neves contributed to this article.


text:
Overview of content related to 'wikipedia'
This page provides an overview of 1 article related to 'linux'. Note that filters may be applied to display a sub-set of articles in this category (see FAQs on filtering for usage tips). Select this link to remove all filters.
Linux refers to the family of Unix-like computer operating systems using the Linux kernel. Linux can be installed on a wide variety of computer hardware, ranging from mobile phones, tablet computers and video game consoles, to mainframes and supercomputers. Linux is a leading server operating system, and runs the 10 fastest supercomputers in the world. (Excerpt from Wikipedia article: Linux)
Key statistics
Metadata related to 'linux' (as derived from all content tagged with this term):
See our 'linux' overview for more data and comparisons with other tags. For visualisations of metadata related to timelines, bands of recency, top authors, and and overall distribution of authors using this term, see our 'linux' usage charts.
Top authors
Ariadne contributors most frequently referring to 'linux':
Note: Links to all articles by authors listed above set filters to display articles by each author in the overview below. Select this link to remove all filters.
|Article summary
UK Reading Experience Database
Bethan Ruddock reports from the launch event for the UK Reading Experience Database, held at the Betty Boothroyd Library, the Open University, Milton Keynes, on 24 February 2011.
July 2011, issue67, event report


text:
Join Date: Dec 2003
Location: Ohio
Posts: 6,192
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
|Thread Tools
Mama to A (12), Z (11), H (9), C (5), A (3) and 4 angels.
Jen Mama of 2 precious boys (9) (6) and still in with my Matt after 12 years together.
Domestic Violence Children's Advocate and Counselor
Originally Posted by AllyRae
Thank you everyone... It's let up a little...I wonder if it was just a combination of Bran nursing a lot and him moving around in bed a lot last night (meaning I was also all over the bed last night). Maybe that's why my back hurts too?
Mama to A (12), Z (11), H (9), C (5), A (3) and 4 angels.
|Thread Tools
Show Printable Version Show Printable Version
Email this Page Email this Page
|Posting Rules
You may not post new threads
You may not post replies
You may not post attachments
You may not edit your posts
BB code is On
Smilies are On
[IMG] code is On
HTML code is Off
Trackbacks are On
Pingbacks are On
Refbacks are Off


text:
Two buses, two toasters, four departure times, the SAT hours, the Big E traffic, the falling rain, the gulped lunches, 57 boys, 37 girls, seven coaches, four managers, four weeks of training behind us, the notoriously winding and dipping and soaring and soggy NMH course ahead of us: tumble together all that and apparently you end up with a winning formula, a winning day. Pelicans soared with wins in both the boys and the girls divisions of both the varsity and the JV races.
Boys JVs took to the hills first, the field a wash of maroon (predominant color on the LC and the NMH uniforms) with some distinct purple splashes (Cushing Academy color). 3.1 miles later, competitors now evenly coated in shades of mud, the leaders ripped down the final roll of hills to the flat field finish, with Pelican John MacDonald ('13) leading an LCXC stream of seven. Just steps behind Dan Lanza ('13), Ian Knapp ('12), Christian Bermel ('12), Dontay Downer ('15), David Montgomery ('13), and Ben Laprise ('14) finished Emilio Arellano ('14); just steps behind him, Alex Rainville ('12); and just steps behind him, Paul Lee ('13). Not too many strides later, Noah Christiano ('13), in 15th overall, led in the next Pelican flight. In short, 11 Pelicans with top-15 finishes. Final scores: LC 15; NMH 50; Cushing 83.
Traversing a course pretty well mud-churned by the day's previous two races, the boys varsity field followed start-to-finish frontrunner Franco of Andover (winning time: 17:04) in conditions wildly reminiscent of those of 2009s NEPSTA championships. Tri-captain Ben Hiskes ('12), Eli Robbins ('13), Mike Horowicz ('13), and Pat Dickert ('14) captured top-ten places, with Jake Verter ('12) securing fifth team-scoring spot and tri-captain David Balise ('12) finishing top-fifteen.
No blue to be found in the skies, but plenty of blue to be found at the awards, where performance tshirts bearing not only NMH Invitational cranberry-on-cornflower design front and back, but also individual top-five finish designation on sleeve, delighted overall award winners Hiskes, Robbins, MacDonald, Lanza, Knapp, Bermel, and Downer. Final team results: LC 38; NMH 56; Andover 63; Cushing 83; Vermont 101.
Less tangible but equally brilliant were the season-breakthroughs raced by Ben Pipernos ('14), Tim Mahoney ('14), Demarco Palmer ('13), Alex Smith ('14), Alex Lafrance ('12), and Scott Snelgrove ('13), all of whom were propelled by spirited competition with just-in-front or just-behind NMH or Cushing competitors. Pushing one another to best-of-season results were the trios of Ben Russell ('13), Leon An ('13), and Paul Han ('12), and of Michael Basmajian ('13), Krishna Kulkarni ('13), and Philip Cui ('15), closely pursued by Andy Munoz ('13).
VARSITY POTW: Junior Eli Robbins added yet another top-three-Pelican finish to his resume this past weekend, splashing his way to 5th place overall at the NMH inaugural invitational. At the Choate and Canterbury invitationals, Eli placed third for Pelicans. Congratulations, Eli!
JV POTW: Junior John MacDonald not only raced to overall first-place JV finish at this past weekend's inaugural NMH invitational, but he did so in a time that would have placed him close on the heels of the Pelicans racing in the varsity event. In addition to pushing himself to first place finishing, he pulled a pack of six more Pelicans to a sweep of the top 7 places in the race. Handsomely done, John!
Rookie POTW: New sophomore Emilio Arellano not only finished among the top ten in the JV race at the NMH Invitational, but he did so in a time almost 30 seconds a mile faster than he raced at the Choate Invitational just a fortnight ago. Stellar pacing and racing, Emilio!
It was a successful weekend for Loomis Chaffee's fall teams. Four varsity teams earned New England tournament berths, and the girls and boys cross country teams raced to second and third places, respectively, at the Division I New England Championships on Sunday.
The boys cross country team won the Founders League Championship on Saturday, overcoming the odds that were stacked against them to pull off a well-executed and well-timed win despite howling winds and driving rain.
Soggy conditions slowed times on the cross country course on Saturday as Loomis boys cross country hosted Choate and Deerfield, but on this day, individual times were the least of concerns: For each Pelican, Wild Boar, and Big Green competitor, the race was all about place.
Both the boys and the girls cross country teams were fleet of feet on Saturday as Loomis hosted a quad-dual meet against Northfield Mount Hermon, Hotchkiss, and Taft. The Pelican harriers hustled over LC's soggy terrain amidst rain showers and downpours to claim wins over all varsity opponents.
"Gotta love bringing the hardware home to Chinese lanterns, live music, and light-show of centennial fireworks!" noted boys head cross country coach Sally Knight, reflecting on the boys and girls XC teams' arrival back on the Island Saturday after both teams won the Canterbury Invitational.
All Results
Full Athletics Schedule


text:
Mystic to Canada on a Triumph Scrambler (New Guy)
View Single Post
Piece of Work
Joined: Jul 2011
Location: WNY hills of Wyoming County, maple syrup & cheese!
Oddometer: 646
Originally Posted by
Thanks Bugchewer... Also, how do you like the 800 xc? I've heard nothing but good things and I think down the road (in a couple years or so) that I'll probably get one, or something like it. Don't get me wrong, I LOVE the Scrambler (and plan on keeping it for life, regardless of other bikes I accumulate)...but I could see how having a little more power, speed, and range could be a good thing.
The XC is wonderful and yes you will want to keep the Scram. It is very versatile in its own right. I have three different sets of pipes for it depending on how I want to set it up. As for extended range...I just came back from the Bennington Bash in VT and two folks rode up from Birmingham, AL on a Bonnie and a Scrambler. So...the Scram can do it but maybe not as quickly and comfortably but mine cruises nicely on the slab at 80-85 w/o buzzing (but I wasn't going to tell my wife that or I wouldn't have the XC). I'm almost 53 and I need to stake my claim. I've lost all control of the house, I do have the garage & my two bikes and a small place in the fridge for some beers (alas the garage has a beer fridge!!!) Enjoy!! If you are ever out in the WNY area let me know and we can hit the Finger Lakes, Allegany Mtns, etc. Plenty of good people to ride with on Tigers and Scrams and my Harley pals aren't so bad either...lol You need to go to The Bash next year!!!!
It seems humans would rather die than change or admit that they are mistaken - Richard Rohr
View Public Profile
Find More Posts by Bugchewer


text:
There are several different types of conceptual change, some of which are more difficult to achieve than others. Many educators aren't aware of the different levels of difficulty, so they don't adjust their instruction when confronting different cases. It isn't always easy to know which kind of change is needed, and some change will require more time and effort on the part of both teachers and learners. Here we consider three broad types of conceptual change, beginning with the easiest and progressing toward the most challenging.
The easiest kind of conceptual change involves elaborating on an already existing conceptual structure. In biology, for example, students may learn how species' anatomical features (e.g., teeth) convey information about the animal's lifestyle (e.g., diet). Later they might investigate other body parts (e.g., claws, reproductive system) and extrapolate other behaviors (e.g., hunting, mating, cooperating). As students build a foundation of conceptual understanding, extending it with new evidence, knowledge, or experiences that fit well with their current thinking can be relatively easy to accomplish.
A more challenging type of conceptual change involves thinking about a preexisting set of concepts in new ways. Grasping the idea of air as matter, for example, requires a change in understanding of the concepts of both air and matter. Once this new understanding of air is fully integrated, the old idea that "air is nothing" is no longer relevant and can be discarded.
Restructuring a network of concepts can also involve uniting concepts previously thought to be fundamentally different or separate. For example, children may initially see liquids and solids as fundamentally different from air. Later they may come to see that all matter is made up of tiny particles and can exist in different "phases." This requires a shift from thinking of matter as something that can be directly perceived (as something you can see, feel, or touch) to something that takes up space and has mass. Similarly, they must shift from seeing weight as something that is defined and assessed perceptually (how heavy something feels) to a magnitude that is measured and quantified. These steps are necessary if students eventually are to differentiate between weight and density. This type of conceptual change can be difficult and may require


text:
BOISE -- Deliberate, with premeditation and malice. That's how a criminal court judge Monday described the murder charges filed against a former employee of the Ada County Sheriff's Office.
Rob Hall is accused of shooting an attorney at a Walgreens parking lot in Meridian Friday night.
We learned today that Rob Hall's wife, Kandi Hall, was at the Walgreens with the victim when the shooting occurred.
And according to the state, Hall, his wife and the victim, Emmett Corrigan, all had a confrontation before the shots were fired.
The prosecution says on Friday night that Emmett Corrigan and Kandi Hall met at the Walgreens at the corner of Linder and McMillan roads and left in Corrigan's truck.
They say when Rob Hall learned that his wife had left the store with another man, he took his gun to the store parking lot and called his wife.
At some point, Corrigan and Kandi Hall returned to the Walgreens parking lot, where the prosecution says Rob Hall was waiting for them.
Here is what an Ada County deputy prosecutor said happened next:
All parties, all three people, exited their vehicles. There was some manner of confrontation, a verbal confrontation between the defendant and Mr. Corrigan at the time. Shortly after that confrontation, three shots were fired. Two of those shots struck Mr. Corrigan. Those shots killed him.
The prosecution says the third shot was Hall trying to shoot himself in the head, but that wound was not life-threatening.
Hall was taken to the hospital Friday night and later arrested for first-degree murder.
In court Monday, the judge ordered no bond for Hall, so he will remain in jail.
His next court appearance is scheduled for March 28.
If Hall is found guilty of the charges, he could face life in prison or the death penalty.


text: Which holster for G39 ? [Archive] - Glock Talk Glock Talk > Firearms Forums > Gun-Related Clubs > The Bull Dawgs Club > Which holster for G39 ? PDA View Full Version : Which holster for G39 ? Tang41902-23-2010, 12:09I want an Uncle Mikes paddle holster for my G39. Do I need to get the one for the 20/21 part#5425-1 ? I have an MTAC for IWB, just want a kydex OWB holster. Thanks David_Ely02-23-2010, 14:05It doesn't look like Uncle Mike's makes one that will work. Their subcompact model is for the 9mm/40cal slide and the 20/21 will be too big for your subcompact. You might want to try the GLOCK sport holster designed for the 20/21. It's cheap and it should work well with your G39. Tang41902-23-2010, 14:13Thanks David. If I like my 39, Im going to get a 37 for the night stand. DannyR02-23-2010, 16:58If you want a paddle, Blade-Tech makes the best kydex paddle holster for a G39. Check them out at www.blade-tech.com. I use a Blade-Tech Nano IWB, Blade-Tech paddle and Raven Ghost with my G39. I'll have to take a photo of the paddle and post it for you. Officer's Match02-23-2010, 18:08While it's pictured with a 38, my 39 works wonderfully either IWB or OWB in this Bluegrass Hybrid. Unfortunately they are no longer in business. http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e131/sly250r/IMG_0003-2-1.jpg http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e131/sly250r/IMG_0004-2-1.jpg ExiledViking02-24-2010, 00:58FWIW, I just tried my new G38 in my Uncle Mike's kydex holster for my Glock 20 and it fits just fine. The holster is, of course, quite a bit longer than it needs to be on the muzzle side. You could also look at Blade-Tech's SRB (Sting Ray Belt Holster) for $63 or Comp-Tac's paddle holster for $58. Biggest Dawg02-24-2010, 11:24Here is a vote for: Blackhawk CQC 29/30 @ http://www.cactustactical.com/osc/blackhawk-cqc-serpa-holster-matte-finish-glock-p-1860.html for $36.99 The 38 fits flush with the bottom of the holster while the 39 is about 1" short from the bottom. Another innovative IWB holster is the "Crossbreed" @ http://www.crossbreedholsters.com/ BD Tang41902-24-2010, 11:45Thanks guys amazingphotos02-24-2010, 12:32My G39 fits great in either a paddle or belt holster by Fobus. An even less expensive option is the Glock "Sport" holster for the 20/21. Even the shorty G39's muzzle will protrude below the Glock holster. amazingphotos02-24-2010, 13:06G39 in Glock Sport holster and Fobus GL4 Tang41902-24-2010, 13:10The Sport Holster isnt for carrying is it ? amazingphotos02-24-2010, 13:23Although I usually use something else, I don't know any reason it couldn't be used for carrying. After all, it's a Glock and so it is simple and it works. I need to make a trip to town soon so I will be carrying the G39 in the Glock holster for this trip. The holster comes set up for a 1 1/4" belt but can be adapted by cutting the little pegs to fit your choice of widths (mine is used with 1 1/2"). Of course once the pegs are cut, the holster would be loose on a narrower belt but, at such a low price, you could afford to have an extra one for a belt in another width. Tang41902-24-2010, 13:32How does it grip the gun ? Doesnt look like it has any retention at all. amazingphotos02-24-2010, 13:48Like most "plastic" holsters, it has an internal nub that snaps behind the front of the trigger guard. For more information - http://www.midwayusa.com/viewproduct/?productnumber=260974 For the Fobus GL4 - http://www.midwayusa.com/viewproduct/?productnumber=249340 If you really want a paddle (I don't trust them to not stay with the pistol with a less-than-perfect draw) - http://www.midwayusa.com/viewproduct/?productnumber=737554 Tang41902-24-2010, 13:50Thanks ! vBulletin® v3.8.7, Copyright ©2000-2015, vBulletin Solutions, Inc.


text:
1993 BEST Sommelier
Catherine Silirie, Rocco's
She has a great list and a great knack for pairings, but, most important, her enthusiasm for wine is more contagious than the giggles—and just as fun.
Be respectful of our online community and contribute to an engaging conversation. We reserve the right to remove impersonators or personal attacks, threats, profanity, or flat-out offensive comments. By posting here, you are permitting Boston magazine and Metro Corp. to edit and republish your comment in all media.


text:
If you are looking for a fun-packed trip away, why not consider going on our exciting tour trips? Experienced tour guides are at hand to make it an enjoyable and fulfilling experience.
Take a visit to the Glow Worm Cave to see tiny creatures amazingly glow by night inside Natural Arch Cave located at the heart of Springbrook National Park, Gold Coast.
Join the Croc Express Tour to and from Australia Zoo – where Steve Irwin's legacy and wild life conservation efforts live on. Be thrilled by shows of crocodile feeding and snake handling plus more.
Spend a day out at Fraser Island to explore the islands main attractions, including freshwater perched lakes, expansive golden sand hills and stunning rainforest. For more breathtaking views see our range of Skyrail experience offers, World Heritage Tour, City sights of Brisbane, Sunshine Coast & Noosa trip ideas.
A spectacular day out
Fraser Island in a day is certainly not long enough to see all that Fraser has to offer. It is however long enough to get a glimpse of just how spectacular Fraser really is.
This one-day tour is a long but rewarding day trip for all. Take the opportunity to explore the islands main attractions, including freshwater perched lakes, expansive golden sand hills and stunning rainforest.
Your experienced eco guide will pick you up and drop you off at your accommodation in Hervey Bay.
Photo, swim or relax at Lake McKenzie or Lake Birrabeen - crystal clear white sand beaches. 4WD through forest to Lake Boomanjin - world heritage red lake and largest perched lake or walk Pile Valley. Experience the aboriginal culture & history of Fraser Island, hear stories of sand mining and timber cutters. Enjoy a picnic lunch at famous Lake McKenzie or in the rainforest.
In the cool dark environment of the Natural Arch Cave, millions of glow worms make their home. These tiny creatures invisible to the eye during daylight create a spectacular display at night.
An experienced guide will take you on a short walk through the rainforests of Springbrook Plateau into the Natural Arch. There is also the opportunity for some star gazing in the unpolluted night sky. See the city highrise lights of the Gold Coast. (Note. It is advisable to wear walking shoes and bring warm clothing as it can become quite cool in the rainforest in the evenings)
Enjoyed by all ages this multi-award winning Catch a Crab tour is a truly unforgettable experience. Go wild! Feed the fish, hand feed the friendly wild pelicans, pump for yabbies and experience the Australian outdoor lifestyle - it's so much fun.
Take a fresh look at fun! Climb aboard a guided tractor train tour and explore lush orchards of rare and exotic fruits at working farm, Tropical Fruit World. You'll also sample delicious fresh fruits all year round. Ride the miniature rail and enjoy an exotic jungle river cruise. Make friends with kangaroos, emus and farm animals in the fauna park. Great shopping with natural skincare, cosmetics, gourmet fruit juices, condiments, ice-creams and bric a brac.
The Sunshine Coast is the holiday destination for many Australians. Its magnificent beaches and relaxed yet sophisticated lifestyle has also made it a magnet for international visitors.
This tour showcases the diversity and beauty of the Sunshine Coast. You will visit Noosa Heads and Hastings Street before following the coast to Mooloolaba. Mooloolaba is derived from the aboriginal word meaning "Schnapper Fish" and has its own unique attractions and cosmopolitan atmosphere with numerous sidewalk cafes, bars and of course Underwater World.
It has a rich heritage of spectacular hinterland scenery combined with exciting man-made attractions. Montville is the creative heart of the craft villages and towns that make up the Blackall Range Region. Enjoy stunning views over the coastline and an interesting variety of craft shops and charming restaurants create a truly memorable day trip.Book online >
Take in the spectacular panoramic views of the Gold Coast
As you enter the Lamington National Park and discover the world of O'Reillys you will be begin to see why the park is World Heritage Listed. A nature guide will explain the delicate balances of the rainforests ecological systems, as you walk the exhilarating OReillys Tree Top Canopy bridge and easy walking tracks, suitable for all ages. Visit Tamborine Mountain township to enjoy a Hinterland lunch and explore the towns renowned art and craft galleries, plus much more.......
Cape Byron Lighthouse - the most easterly point in Australia
Standing on a bald rocky headland with a precipitous cliff on the east side, and a sheer drop of approximately 100 metres, Cape Byron Lighthouse is the most easterly light in Australia, and one of the most powerful.
Byron Bay famous not only for its position as Australia's most easterly mainland point but also as the "alternate lifestyle" capital of Australia. Meet the locals, soak up the atmosphere. If some retail therapy is necessary, there is a great range of original crafts, clothing and gift ideas. Have lunch (own expense) in one of the local cafes, the beachfront pub or have take away by the beach.
In the afternoon we visit the Crystal Castle, an oasis of vision and serenity.
Spectacular waterfalls, lush rainforest, ancient trees, impressive views, unique ecological importance and natural beauty make this World Heritage listed tour an outstanding day out. (Flat walking shoes required).
Visit Mount Tamborine and explore the many arts and crafts shops on Gallery Walk. Journey to the spectacular Rainforest Skywalk. This amazing elevated walkway allows you to walk through the beautiful middle and upper canopies of the rainforest. The walkway is a stable, high tech steel structure enabling visitors to explore these canopies in a safe and secure way.
Enjoy a stop at Witches Falls Winery for a delicious wine tasting before heading to Springbrook National Park. See the spectacular Purlingbrook Falls and enjoy the views from Canyon Lookout. This is a fantastic tour with some very special scenery and one not to be missed!
Experience the Gold Coast Hinterland's spectacular beauty and fun
Head into the cool rainforests of Springbrook National Park and the appeal of the endless natural beauty of the Hinterland.
Natural Arch is nestled in the World Heritage listed Springbrook National Park, with spectacular panoramic views and magnificent rainforests. This region provides the opportunity to see the natural beauty of Southern Queensland. Be guided through the sub-tropical rainforest to the Natural Bridge Falls. Travel through the beautiful Numinbah Valley.
Skyrail including Tjapukai Aboriginal Cultural Park
Most awarded attraction in Australia, dedicated to preserving and presenting authentic Aboriginal culture with the aid of technology. An internationally acclaimed experience with three indoor theatres, a five star restaurants, museum, art gallery, spear and boomerang throwing.
Tjapukai combines dance, history and legends to create a dynamic interpretation of 40,000 years of Aboriginal culture.
Skyrail including the Kuranda Wildlife experience
This offer includes return Skyrail Rainforest Cableway and entry to three attractions compromising Kuranda Wildlife Experience. This includes entry into, the Kuranda Koala Gardens, Birdworld and the Australian Butterfly Sanctuary. Not only can you enjoy the World's Most Beautiful Rainforest Experience on Skyrail, but also cuddle a koala, get close to a kangaroo, see and feed one of the world's largest birds, the Cassowary, and be surrounded by the graceful motion of over 1,500 butterflies, all native to the rainforest region.
Skyrail - Train Experience
With all the inclusions as Skyrail Experience but with an additional one way by Skyrail and one way by Kuranda Scenic Rail. Combine your Skyrail journey with the famous Kuranda Scenic Railway. The train station is conveniently located adjacent to Skyrail's Kuranda Terminal to aboard this historic train built over 100 years ago. The journey takes you through the tropical mountain ranges from Cairns to Kuranda.
With all the inclusions as Skyrail Experience but with an additional one way by Skyrail and one way by Kuranda Scenic Rail. Combine your Skyrail journey with the famous Kuranda Scenic Railway. The train station is conveniently located adjacent to Skyrail's Kuranda Terminal to aboard this historic train built over 100 years ago. The journey takes you through the tropical mountain ranges from Cairns to Kuranda.
Just 15 min from Cairns City and 50 min from Port Douglas is the world's most beautiful rainforest experience.
Gliding just above the treetops of World Heritage Listed tropical rainforest, Skyrail gives spectacular scenery with views of Cairns and the Coral Sea on the way to Kuranda. Spanning 7.5km, Skyrail has comfortable six person gondola cabins which glide just metres above the canopy providing uninterrupted views of the rainforest.Book online >
NRMA Car Servicing & Inspections


text:
Boston guitarist-composer Catherine
File this under: best idea ever.
As Together Boston expands its internat
Keith Lockhart has shared the stage with legends: Steven Tyler, Elton John, Leonard Nimoy.
If you want a ska lesson in the city, Big D and
Zip-Tie Handcuffs!
It's a music journo cliché to say "this is the last time you'll see (insert rising
One of the challenges of writing about live music is reining in the hyperbole.
Those geniuses at Berklee Online -- it&
Mike Scott has never gotten his due.


text:
REXBURG -- A century-old creamery in eastern Idaho is closing, ending a run stretching back to before World War I and adding to a list of agricultural-related casualties that mark Idaho's evolving economy.
The Rexburg Standard-Journal reports the Nelson-Ricks Creamery Co. closes its Rexburg facility on Oct. 13.
Idaho's milk industry is the nation's third-biggest, but managers of the creamery based in Salt Lake City said the future of the 16-employee Idaho operation was too dim to keep the doors open.
There's been talk for a year, since management went through a shake-up, that the writing was on the wall.
Dairy farmers in the region will have to find a new place to sell their milk.
Nelson-Ricks was founded in 1907 and once operated 12 facilities.
It'll continue to operate in Utah.


text:
Secret shortcuts
iPhone DIY Repair
The Pixel Project
Mac must read!
When enough is enough
Mastering Apple Watch
Update time!
Pool Time!
iOS 9 wish list
At The Core
Texture your text
If you've got more than one email account on your iPhone or iPad, for example, an iCloud account, Gmail account, and/or a Hotmail/Outlook/Exchange account, or a work, school, and/or personal account, you'll probably want and need separate email signatures for each account. Maybe you don't want work contacts having your personal cell number, but you'd like personal contacts to. Whatever the reason, iOS lets you easily add multiple signatures for use in the [Mail app](http://www.imore.com/mail "Apple Mail app for iOS and OS X).
More →
If you've got an iPhone and iPad, you most likely have all your mail accounts linked to it through the Mail app. Not only can you create multiple email signatures for each account, you can also add HTML links such as links to a website or email address. This is a great way to give people you email access to useful information without them having to ask for it.
The iPhone and iPad's built-in Mail app is a great way to get all your email for all your accounts in one place. But just like any other app, it isn't completely error proof either. One of the most common errors that you may is the dreaded "Connection to the server failed" message. Other common error messages include server not responding messages and password errors. If you're receiving any of these messages, here are some steps that can help you troubleshoot and resolve the problem in no time!
If Microsoft Outlook.com — Live or Hotmail if you're retro — is your mail, contacts, and calendar provider of choice, it's easy to set up and access it right on your iPhone or iPad. Microsoft might have taken a while, and gone through a lot of names and iterations, to get their online consumer services into the modern age, but what they've finally settled on is impressive. There's Exchange if you need ActiveSync. If you don't, there's Outlook.
Tired of typing out long words, names, email addresses, web addresses, or entire sentences over and over again? Well then, save yourself some time and effort and set up iOS keyboard shortcuts for any and all of the text you type regularly. By default, the iPhone and iPad ship with "omw" as a shortcut for "On my way!" but you can create and customize any shortcut you want. What's more, thanks to iCloud, any shortcut you create will automagically sync between your iPhone, iPad, and/or Mac. Here's how!
Standard email just isn't secure. If the internet didn't kill privacy, people and agencies using and abusing it have certainly put it into intensive care. There's nothing we can do to protect the servers our mail goes through, but luckily there is something we can do to protect it before it goes through those servers. We can encrypt it with pretty good privacy (PGP). And open-source system, which means any flaws or back doors are more easily investigated and detected by more people than a closed, proprietary system would be. GPGMail 2 employs PGP, is available for Mac (and Windows), and can help you make sure your emails are only read by the intended recipient.
If you are familiar with Gmail, you're probably already familiar with archiving mail opposed to fully deleting it. You also have this option for iCloud mail as well. If you prefer archiving certain items for access later while deleting things you won't ever need again, follow along and we'll show you how.
Mail is one of the core apps of the iPhone, iPod touch, and iPad. Rich, HTML email was shown off by Steve Jobs in 2007 when he first introduced the iPhone, and again in 2010 when he introduced the iPad. It was and is so important, he put it in the iPhone and iPad Dock, and by default there it still remains. Whether you use the free iCloud account that comes with your Apple device, or Yahoo!, Google's Gmail, Microsoft's Hotmail, Live, or Outlook.com, your local ISP email or something else entirely, whether you have an IMAP, ActiveSync, or POP account, your iPhone, iPod touch, or iPad can keep you connected to it wherever you go, and whatever you're doing.
If you no longer need an email account on your iPhone, iPod touch, or iPad, say if you changed schools, jobs, or service providers, you can easily delete. If you're simply going out of town, on vacation, or otherwise off-the-grid and you don't want the distraction or data demands that might go with mail, you can also temporarily turn it off and give yourself a break.
If you come back to your iPhone, iPod touch, or iPad only to find a ton of new emails you really don't want to go through, or if you opened an email by accident but don't want to forget about it later, you can easily mark one or more messages as read or unread right in the built-in Mail app.
ABOUT iMORE
iMORE APP |
iMORE FORUMS |


text:
Check Availability
HAPPY HAPPY HAPPY.. I recently moved in last month (April) and my experience with the Farrington Apartments has met and exceeded my expectations. The management team and maintenance staff are welcoming and professional ensuring that all of my needs are met.… Full Review ▶
My husband and I needed a 6 month lease and an affordable apartment. We have had a great experience at The Farrington. When we first toured, Ashley and Leslie were very helpful and professional. The grounds, though in a less-nice part… Full Review ▶
My overall experience with the process to rent a 1BR apartment with the Farrington has been very smooth. I put in my application a few days prior and was immediately approved. Ashli the Leasing Assistant was very professional, up front and… Full Review ▶
Spoke with property mgr, Leslie, yesterday and was very excited to make the 1 hour drive over to Columbia to see the apartment and begin application process. When we arrived, we weren't too impressed with the look of the place, and… Full Review ▶
I have lived in a single bedroom in The Farrington for 2 years now and I must say it has been one of the best apartment complexes I have lived in, in Columbia. The huge balcony was unbelievable as well as… Full Review ▶
I haven't moved in yet but the moving in part has taking longer then any place I ever stayed. Its making me think twice about moving here and when I call I never can get a answer from the main office.… Full Review ▶
I have lived here for 7 months and I would not recommend moving here unless u like bugs...roaches, palmetto bugs, and the occasional spider after about a week of living here I told management of the bug problem they were willing… Full Review ▶
I have only been here for a short time and absolutely love it, the staff is amazing and they would definitely not put you in a home that they would not live. I would recommend this apartment to any and everyone.… Full Review ▶
I have lived at the Farrington for over two years. Leslie and her staff are extraordinary. I move around alot for work. This has by far been my favorite place to live. Leslie and her staff are so accomodating and go… Full Review ▶
I love these apartments so far. i just had moved from NC and its the best place to live its safe . i have 3 kids and am always looking for a safe place and am thankful i did. As far… Full Review ▶
I moved to the Farrington in June 2013 and I have enjoyed living here. My experience in the beginning was strained as I had lived in my previous residence for over 6 years, but the staff at the Farrington has gone… Full Review ▶
I have resided at The Farrington for 6 months now and I must say I am very pleased with my stay, thus far. The staff was very friendly and helpful from the start, making my move in process quick and painless.… Full Review ▶
Having lived at the Farrington for 18 months, I have found that Leslie and her staff go out of their way to make your home at the Farrington the best it can be. The apartments are well maintained and the upgrades… Full Review ▶
I am also going to give a big fat NO as my recommendation to this apartment complex!!! All of other complaints listed are very valid. Mold everwhere, maintence sucks; it takes the guy 3 times to fix something right. The most… Full Review ▶
If you are thinking about moving to the farrington don't! ------ is beyond rude. Upon moving here I was told that the "hard wood" floors were more expensive than carpet floors but no carpet floors were available so I got the… Full Review ▶
this place overall is really really really sh&^%$y. the apartment is okay, nice closet space, but it's still pretty sh&%$y. maintenance is sh&^$y. the pest that never go away (SPIDERS, ROACHES, ANTS, ETC.) are s&^%$y. someone broke into my car twice,… Full Review ▶
The Farrington is a crappy place to live. The leasing office manager is always nasty and not very welcoming. Full Review ▶
The Farrington Apartments made the local news, unfortunately it was for a violent gun battle between a violent criminal and the police where an officer was shot. Apart from its recent television appearance, it is still a pretty terrible place to… Full Review ▶
HORRIBLE!!!!!!! I moved in the end of September and mid October the ceiling started leaking. My light bill went from $80 to $200. They took forever to come fix it. then when they did the half way fix it. Four months… Full Review ▶
My first apartment and it was from hell NEVER STAY HERE i have had so many issues its sad i am leaving asap. Full Review ▶
http://www.thestate.com/2013/02/26/2650137/3-richland-1-sch Full Review ▶
I have lived at the farrington since May. When I moved in i noticed issues witb the flooring and refridgerator I put in four request to have them fixed it is now January 2013. When I spoke to the maintenace man… Full Review ▶
my experience at the farringtons has been a good on...upon renewing my lease i was being helped my the worker miss mary she wsa very help and very kind in helping me..with the assistance of danielle i was able to have… Full Review ▶
I have lived at the Farrington for 3 years and was I was considering moving until I met the new Property Manager. Her name is Leslie and she is WONDERFUL! I stopped by the office to pay my rent and to… Full Review ▶
living here now and dealing with poor management and shoddy maintenance. I Just had to have a bed bug infestation that came from my trashy neighbors moving out treated. on top of that they blamed me for the infestation in my… Full Review ▶
Ive been living in the farrington way apartments for 4years and it doesnt matter who or what type mangement we get its still horrible.for one theres never new people because they transfer people from one of there other properties they own… Full Review ▶
I have been living here at the farrington for 3 years now ,,and the maintenace staff and the old office team was horrible !!! now finally there is new management and all of my request orders have been completed and their… Full Review ▶
I have been here at the Farrington less than a year and I'm very pleased. My apartment has a gracious floor plan (which is much larger than most of its competition!). Maintenance are quick, professional, and reliable. The overall atmosphere of… Full Review ▶
Not only have I lived for more than half the summer with no AC, the very intelligent people are the cause of it. After supposedly repairing the roof, and cutting a wire to my AC Unit they wanted to know if… Full Review ▶
Ok, If your black, fed up with your landlord not fixing the things you have reported numerous of times and you go to speak to the manager, Connie ? and your voice rises you might get Richland County Police called on… Full Review ▶
This apartment complex is more than 20 years old and the HVAC units have outlived their lives. They run 24/7 and burn a hole in your pocket when it comes to paying power bills. (I used to get avg of $110… Full Review ▶
Since I moved into my apartment in May of last year I have seen this place go from good to even better! They've repainted all the outside doors and replaced the mailboxes. They retarred the entire road and parking lots. The… Full Review ▶
We have been living at the Farrington for almost a year and after two bad experiences at two other locations...The Farrington has been a great place to call home...Our lease is up for renewal in November and we´ve already advised that… Full Review ▶
|Estimated Rent
|$ 601
|$ 786
|$ 530
|$ 613
|$ 656
|$ 750
|$ 869
|$ 832
Cats Allowed
Small Dogs Allowed
Large Dogs Allowed
Pet Deposit Required
Pet Rent Required
Some Breeds Restricted
Laundry On-Site
Laundry in Units
Laundry Connections in Unit
Rent Trends
|Avg. Monthly Rent
|$ {{complexPricing.averageMonthlyRent}}
|$ {{complexPricing.minMonthlyRent}} - $ {{complexPricing.maxMonthlyRent}}
Disclaimer: Rental rates have been collected from Internet users and represent snapshots of a rental prices over time. These rates may not be a reliable indicator of current rents or the price offered to new residents. How to use this information.
Nearby Apartments
- 73%
St. Andrews Pointe1510 St. Andrews Road, Columbia, SC 29210 21 Reviews
- 21%
Hunter's Ridge1079 Springhouse Drive, Columbia, SC 29210 15 Reviews
- 38%
Briargate Condominiums825 Menlo Drive, Columbia, SC 29210 13 Reviews


text:
The next time you think we coaches are giving you a difficult workout, think about this guy:
My shoulders are dislocating just looking at the url. LOL
Sylle is a good dude and great swimmer. He did the EC in 2009 the "traditional" way and thought he'd try to make it harder. This year up thru this month and up to this week, he put in 1000K (yes, that's one thousand kilometers!) of butterfly and 500K of free (just in case)!!! The guy is a machine.
Man ... how do you even do a butterfly for more then an 100 ... oye.
In other news, IronMike managed a SCY 50 in fly without stopping!


text:
Ninja Block
10,000 - 50,000 downloadsAdd this app to your lists
Tweets por @Appszoom
+ By Cross Field Inc.
"Ninja Block" defeat the enemy with a ninja throwing star shed, the game is to prevent the intrusion in base. Shuriken can not put some distance and throw. If they throw wildly, if not hit a ninja enemies, enemy ninja in base would rapidly approaching. Because the rate of progression of ninja enemies apart, the trick is get a high score to determine the order ninja defeat enemies. You can use the bomb, and they will become unusable with the first 10. Because the one sold in 100 packs a lot longer want to use, please try to purchase. This game has been implementing the world rankings. Ranking your name put it survived as long as possible!
Tags: ninja block, ninjablocks, how to discover a ninja block, com.starshed.test lication.
Tags: ninja block, ninjablocks, how to discover a ninja block, com.starshed.test lication.
Comments and ratings for Ninja Block
(62 stars)
Hey guys. If you want to get free gifts from your phone check out (www.AndroidPrizes.net.tc) Just got myself a free $250 Visa gift card.


text:
Congress chief Sonia Gandhi's Lok Sabha constituency Rae Bareli will finally have an institute on the lines of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) soon, with the state government clearing the first hurdle and allotting land for the institute.
"The state government has informed the central government that it has earmarked 96 acres, against the proposed about 150 acres, as of now," Sundeep K Nayak, joint secretary in the ministry of health and family welfare, told dna. "On June 10, the government officially sent the papers and on June 11, I personally went to the place and took the possession after having a look at the land," he added.
The land earlier had a sugar mill which has been closed down for a while now.
According to Nayak, formalities for acquiring the land have been completed and now tenders and contracts will be finalised for the project. He also said that the rest of the land would also be finalised soon. However, work will begin from this piece of land now.
The hospital is likely to have a capacity of 1,000 beds. However, the authorities are not sure of the finalisation of the entire project as it is expected to take a couple of years more.
The Uttar Pradesh government had announced last year that it would provide land free of cost to the Centre for setting up an AIIMS-like medical institute in Rae Bareli. This project, which was proposed in 2008, was put on the back burner reportedly due to the Mayawati government not allotting land for it.


text:
We have a variety of different loans to choose from ranging from auto, mortgage, and more. Please choose a loan that's right for you by applying online 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
Loan Options:
- June Skip-A-Payment - special offer
- Signature/General Loan
- Auto/RV Loans(New and Used)
- Credit Cards
- Home Equity Loans
- Home Improvement Loans
- Mortgages
- Mortgage Retirement Loan
- Payment Protection Plan
- Student Loans
For additional information, please contact us using our LIVE CHAT!


text:
What do you make to put in birthday party gift bags, looking for some new ideas.
Share your homemade birthday party gift bag items
What is your theme??
mom to twins 9/04 and an angel ^6/13^ and twins 12/14!
For the past two years, we have always burned CDs of DD's favorite music for the past year, or songs that were significant. Like "You Are My Sunshine" because I sang that to her all the time as a baby, and "Here Comes The Sun" by the Beatles because that giant blizzard was after she was born, etc. It's really fun to make and guests always enjoy it more than some cheap plastic stuff. A couple songs off of iTunes, you can get blank CDs on Freecycle, and cardboard CD cases are cheap = very inexpensive party favor!
Oh, FYI, I've been drinking.
Married to DH 9/27/08
M 9/7/09 and A 11/11/12
A couple of years ago DS and I collected a bunch of rocks and painted them. Then we put one rock plus some googly eyes, stickers, and a small glitter pen (Target dollar spot) into a small sandwich bag for each child to make their own pet rock. These were a huge hit.
We had a thomas party last year. I got wooden train whistles, train lollipops, thomas stickers and tattoos and canvas bags from Oriental trading. Then I got computer paper for iron on transfers and personalized the canvas bags with Percy and Rosie pictures (her two favorite thomas characters) and each persons name.
Mommy to a 5 year old princess and a sweet little prince
Mine just did a super hero party and we did stuff like this


text:
90 Days on Mars: Phoenix Lander Sends Martian Postcard
As the sun dips lower in the Martian sky with each passing day, NASA's solar-powered Phoenix Mars Lander took time this week to send a postcard of sorts to scientists on Earth after more than three months studying the red planet.
Phoenix beamed home a view of its trench-filled worksite after surpassing the 90-day mark of its initial mission to hunt for water ice buried beneath the barren arctic plains of Mars. While the Martian days, or sols, are getting colder and the sun expected to dip completely below the horizon tonight for the first time since Phoenix landed in late May, the probe itself is in fine health, mission managers said.
"It's doing fabulously," said Barry Goldstein, NASA's Phoenix project manager at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. "But I've made it clear to the science team that the warranty's over."
Goldstein told SPACE.com Thursday that Phoenix scientists are using the spacecraft to collect as much data as possible through the end of September, when its mission extension concludes, and have submitted a proposal for a second extension through mid-November should the probe survive that long. Researchers at the University of Arizona in Tucson are overseeing the mission.
"The vehicle is not going to tip over and die," Goldstein said. "But we're getting to the point where we're going to start seeing the creaks and groans."
Phoenix landed in the northern Vastitas Borealis region of Mars on May 25 and began a planned three-month mission to search for water ice using a shovel-tipped robotic arm and a science tool kit that included eight small ovens and a wet chemistry lab with four beakers, each the size of a teacup. Researchers hoped that those tools and a Canadian-built weather station would find definitive proof of local water ice and help determine if the Martian arctic could have once served as a welcome oasis for primitive life.
Since that time, Phoenix has successfully scooped, touched and tasted bits of actual Martian ice even as mission scientists race to collect more information from the probe's arctic landing site before winter closes in on Mars.
The days, Goldstein said, are steadily growing colder.
During Phoenix's first 50 days on Mars, the lander experienced temperatures that dipped down to minus 80 degrees Celsius (minus 112 degrees Fahrenheit) at their coldest. Now, the probe is experiencing temperatures as low as minus 85 degrees C (minus 121 degrees F) and its going to keep getting colder, Goldstein added.
The amount of power generated by Phoenix's two solar arrays is also on the decline, with the probe currently generating about 2,500 watt-hours each day – or about 1,000 watt-hours less than when it landed – because of waning sunlight. The absolute minimum needed for Phoenix to perform the most basic operations is about 1,000 watt-hours, mission managers said.
"We're predicting that's the end of mission," Goldstein said, adding that current projections put that power benchmark in November.
But for now, the $420 million Phoenix is forging ahead to study the Martian arctic, and is expected to use one of its two remaining wet chemistry lab beakers to study a sample of Mars this Saturday, Goldstein added. There are also four remaining ovens that stand ready to bake Martian samples and determine their composition, but it may be a challenge to fill all of them before the current mission extension ends next month, he said.
"We're in that mode now where we're collecting a lot of data," Goldstein said. "Everybody is so busy trying to make hay as the sun shines, literally and figuratively, that we haven't had a chance to take a breath to see what the biggest science find has been."
Goldstein also worked on NASA's long-lived Mars Exploration Rovers (MER) Spirit and Opportunity, which have been exploring different parts of the red planet since January 2004, and said it's a somewhat sad and weird feeling to know that those older spacecraft will outlive Phoenix.
But while Spirit and Opportunity, the latter of which began climbing out of the vast Victoria Crater this week, have returned thousands of images of Martian days and evenings from the planet's equatorial regions, Phoenix's views from the planet's arctic circle stand apart.
"We have those shots from MER of Martian sunsets and sunrises, but its something about the arctic," Goldstein said. "There's just something about that."


text:
How it works ... ptive patch stop your ovaries from releasing an egg each month (ovulation) which could then be fertilized by sperm. The combined ... » Read on
Diagnosis ... It is this hormone that is measured by home pregnancy tests. A high HCG level may indicate a multiple pregnancy, such ... » Read on


text:
The City of San Angelo's Park and Recreation Department hosted the second annual "Hooked on Fishing" along the Concho River Downtown, Saturday.
Representatives from Field & Streams Sporting Goods store and the Texas Parks & Wildlife filled the river with plenty of fish. Participants competed to hook the most fish or the longest fish, Saturday.
Nearly 300 anglers attended Saturday morning's event.


text:
Lavishly tailored to you and your guests, the Executive Suites at Prudential Center offer an intimate setting to immerse yourself in the region's hottest sports and live entertainment venue.
- Luxury seats, and a private lounge area with high top tables and chairs
- Private suite level concourse with exclusive restroom facilities
- Excellent sight lines, close to the ice
- Standard food and beverage package included*
- Dedicated in-suite server with premium food & beverage catering options for additional ordering
- Opportunity to purchase up to 8 additional Standing Room Only tickets to entertain more guests
Call 973-757-6430 to book your executive suite.
To book your suite call
or fill out the form below.