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A method of preheating fuel in a fuel injector with an internal heater energized to reduce emissions. The heater being a ceramic hollow cylinder disposed within a valve body just upstream of a valve seat where fuel is injected through an orifice into the engine. Conductors for energizing the heater extend into the valve body and are sealed against the escape of pressurized fuel. In one version, the conductors are extended through an O-ring to be sealed. In another version the conductors include pins extending through the valve body sidewall with glass seals fused to the valve body and the pins. The conductors may comprise flat foil strips clamped between the O-ring and an elastomeric washer. The conductors also may be molded into the magnetic coil bobbin and sealed where the conductors emerge into the fuel cavity. The heater has metallized surfaces to create current flow through its wall thickness, and the conductors are electrically connected respectively to the inner end and outer surfaces of the hollow cylinder by metallization patterns enabling both mechanical contacts to be made on the outside of the heater.
1. A method of preheating fuel to be injected into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine with a fuel injector, comprising the steps of:
installing an electrical heater in a valve body bore of the fuel injector upstream of an injection valve seat and downstream of a magnetic coil assembly so that the fuel surrounds the heater; and
energizing the heater so that the fuel is preheated immediately prior to injection to maximize the efficiency of heating while only heating surfaces that are continuously wet with fuel.
2. The method according to claim 1, further including the step of configuring the heater as a sleeve so that the heater surrounds a needle valve that engages to the injection valve seat.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step of energizing the heater includes the step of extending electrical conductors past the magnetic coil assembly into the valve body bore in which the heater is disposed and electrically connecting the conductors to the heater.
4. The method according to claim 3, further including the step of sealing each conductor to prevent the escape of pressurized fuel.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the fuel injector includes an O-ring seal located in a region between an injector coil housing and a valve body, wherein the conductors are extended through the O-ring seal to provide the sealing step.
6. The fuel injector according to claim 5, wherein the step of sealing the conductors comprises the step of molding the conductors into the O-ring seal.
7. The method according to claim 4, further including the steps of constructing the heater of a positive temperature coefficient ceramic material with metallized surfaces thereof and placing the conductors in contact with the metallized surfaces to establish an electrical contact to the heater.
8. The method according to claim 7, further including the steps of arranging the metallized surfaces in electrically separated patterns and placing each of the conductors in contact with a respective one of the separated patterns.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the heater is configured as a hollow cylinder and the separated patterns are associated with inside and outside surfaces of the heater respectively.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the separated patterns are both formed to include sections on the outer surface of the heater so that both of the conductors are placed in contact with the outer surface of the heater.
11. The method according to claim 4, wherein the fuel injector includes an O-ring seal located in a region between a coil housing and a valve body, and an elastomeric washer against which the O-ring is compressed, and wherein the conductors are each clamped between the O-ring and the elastomeric washer to be sealed thereto, to provide the sealing step.
12. The method according to claim 10, wherein the conductors are configured as foil strips.
13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the foil strips are at least partially encased in plastic to be protected from contact with fuel and prevent electrical shorting.
14. The method according to claim 3, wherein the conductors are extending along the outside of a valve body of the fuel injector, and further including the step of extending pin contacts through bores formed in a sidewall of the valve body enclosing the heater, and sealing the pins to the bores.
15. The method according to claim 13, wherein the step of sealing comprises the step of fusing glass seals in bores formed in a sidewall of a valve body of the fuel injector to a pin contact.
16. The method according to claim 4, wherein the fuel injector includes a bobbin carrying a magnetic coil, and wherein the conductors extend through the bobbin to provide the sealing step.
17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the conductors each include a prong portion and the prong portion is urged into contact with an outside surface of the heater to establish electrical contact.
18. The method according to claim 3, further including the step of installing an insulating sleeve having axial ribs on the inside thereof to locate the heater radially.
19. The method according to claim 2, further including the step of associating an electrically isolating circuit means with a magnetic coil for operating the needle valve and the heater so as to enable such to be energized using a single common conductor.
20. The method according to claim 1, further including inducing turbulence in a flow of the fuel upstream of the heater.
21. The method according to claim 1, further including the step of installing a heat conducting element to be in contact with fuel and the heater.
22. The method according to claim 21, further including the step of installing a second heat conducting element comprising a metal sleeve having lengthwise flutes, one of the elements press fits to an outside diameter of the heater, the other press fits to an inside diameter of the heater.
23. The method according to claim 16, including the step of molding the bobbin of molded plastic, and forming the conductor with a series of ribs molded into the bobbin to present a tortuous sealing against fuel leakage.
24. The method according to claim 3, further including the step of apportioning fuel flow between an inside flow path and an outside flow path past the heater.
25. The method according to claim 1, further including the step of installing at least one spring washer to support the heater.
26. The method according to claim 25, further including the step of installing at least one heater clip to support the heater.
27. The method according to claim 1, further including the step of installing at least one heater clip to support the heater.
28. The method according to claim 3, further including the step of encasing the conductors at least partially in an electrically insulating cover.
This application expressly claims the benefit of earlier filing date and right of priority from the following co-pending patent applications: Provisional Application U.S. Ser. No. 60/053,530, (Attorney Docket 97 P 7677 U.S.), entitled "Heated Fluid Valve," filed on Jul. 23, 1997. This application is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/627,707, entitled "Fuel Injector With Internal Heater," filed on Mar. 29, 1996, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,758,826. Both cited patent applications are expressly incorporated in its entirety by reference.
This invention concerns methods of preheating fuel injected into the intake manifold or cylinders of automotive engines. Fuel injection occurs when a small diameter needle valve is lifted from a valve seat to allow pressurized fuel to spray out through a valve seat orifice and into the engine where it vaporizes.
It has heretofore been recognized that preheating of the fuel during cold starting will greatly reduce emissions caused by incomplete fuel vaporization during cold starts.
Various heater arrangements have been proposed, including an external heater jacket on the injector body, a heater internally of the injector, such as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,458,655; 3,868,939 and 4,898,142. In the prior upstream heaters, the heater is installed well above the point where injection occurs, such that cooling can occur before injection.
Another approach is a heater element downstream of the valve seat, on which fuel is sprayed when the valve injector opens, such as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,627,405 and 4,572,146.
In this downstream arrangement, the presence of the heater affects the spray pattern, such that the pattern is different when the heater is operated, as may occur with the downstream heaters referenced above. Coking problems also arise where heated surfaces are not continuously wet with fuel, as in these downstream heaters.
An object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for preheating fuel in association with a fuel injector and for establishing reliable electrical connections to an internal heater used to preheat the fuel.
The above recited object as well as other objects which will become apparent upon a reading of the following specification and claims are achieved by a method in which a heater is provided just upstream of the injector valve seat, surrounding the needle valve, such as heat the fuel immediately before its injection by unseating of the needle valve. This arrangement maximizes the efficiency of the heating process as it occurs just prior to injection. At the same time, the spray pattern is unaffected by operation of the heater, and coking is avoided as the heated surfaces are continuously wet.
Electrical connections are extended into the fuel space where the heater is disposed.
In a first method, conductive foil strips are molded into an O-ring seal, extending through the O-ring sealing the joint between upper and lower injector housing parts, the strips connected at one end to a hollow cylindrical heater surrounding the needle valve, and at the other to a connector which also supplies power for the injector operating magnetic coil.
In a variation of the molded-in method, wires from the heater are extended through the O-ring and are received in a contact clip connecting the wires to a second set of wires extending to the connector plug contact pins.
A metallized coating is applied to a heater sleeve on the inside and outside surfaces, and patterns are formed therein to allow electrical connections to the inside and outside surfaces of the heater respectively to establish an electrical current flow through the wall thickness of the heater.
The surrounding heater is positioned within a heat insulating sleeve, with axial and radial positioning maintained with ribs thereon, and/or with various separate spacer members or spring washers.
The heating capabilities of the heater is enhanced by installing convection improving elements which impart tumble, turbulence, swirl or other heat transfer enhancing flow motion of the fuel over the heater surfaces, by using surface shapes increasing the surface area exposed to fuel flow, or by providing throttling devices arranged to optimize the relative flow rates through the inside and over the outside of the heater.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute part of this specification, illustrate presently preferred embodiments of the invention, and, together with a general description given above and the detailed description of the preferred embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary sectional view of a fuel injector having an internal heater with an arrangement of flex foil conductors molded into an O-ring seal and disc.
FIG. 1A is a plan view of the molded O-ring with flex foil conductors molded thereinto.
FIG. 1B is a plan view of the terminal cover included in the injector of FIG. 1.
FIG. 1C is an end view of the heater shown in FIG. 1 equipped with optional heat conducting elements.
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view of a fuel injector having an internal heater with an arrangement of flex foil conductors clamped between an O-ring seal and disc.
FIG. 3 is a partially longitudinal sectional view of a fuel injector having an internal heater according to the present invention equipped with a through-the-bobbin power conductor arrangement.
FIG. 3a is a fragmentary sectional view of an injector showing an alternate terminal sealing arrangement.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a fuel injector having an internal heater with an arrangement of external conductors passing through glass seals fused in bores extending into the valve body of the injector and received in respective heater clips fit to the heater sleeve.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of one of the heater clips shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 5A is a side elevational view of an alternate form of a heater clip.
FIG. 5B is a plan view of the clip shown in FIG. 5A.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged side view of the hollow cylinder heater showing a first metallization pattern.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged side view of the heater showing an alternate metallization pattern.
FIG. 8 is an end view of the heater showing another part of the pattern shown in FIG. 7.
FIGS. 9A is a schematic diagram of an electrical isolator used to reduce the number of conductors required to the injector.
FIG. 9B is a timing diagram representing the input logic and output voltage of the circuit of FIG. 9A.
FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of a fuel injector showing an alternate form of an O-ring penetrating conductor arrangement.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an insulation displacement connector used in the fuel injector shown in FIG. 10.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a louvered disc optionally useable to opposition flow to the inside and outside surfaces of the heater.
FIG. 13 is a plan view of a flow restrictor disc capable of being placed over the upstream end of the heater.
In the following detailed description, certain specific terminology will be employed for the sake of clarity and a particular exemplary embodiment described, but it is to be understood that the same is not intended to be limiting and should not be so construed inasmuch as the invention is capable of taking many forms within the scope of the appended claims.
According to the present invention, the fuel is preheated by installing a heater just upstream of the injector valve seat, surrounding the valve needle. The heater is constantly immersed in pressurized fuel such as to avoid coking. Electrical conductors extend into the fuel space and are sealed by varying arrangements to prevent any leakage of pressurized fuel past the conductors.
Referring to FIG. 1, a fuel injector 10 includes a valve body 12, adapted to be inserted into an injector seat of an intake manifold or cylinder head of an engine (not shown), with an O-ring 14 at the bottom end sealing the valve body therein.
An inlet tube 16 at the upper end is adapted to be seated in a fuel rail seat (not shown), with an O-ring 18 sealing the upper end of the inlet tube 16 in the fuel rail seat. Fuel under pressure is communicated into the inlet tube 16 through a spring force adjusting tube 20, a bore 22 in a armature 24, and side opening 26, and into a space 28 surrounding a valve needle 30 that is attached to the armature 24. The lower tip end 32 is moved on and off a conical valve seat 34 to control outflow of fuel through an orifice 36 in the seat 34.
An electromagnetic coil 38 in an upper housing 40 when energized lifts the armature 24 off the valve seat 34 against the force of spring 42.
The coil 38 is wound on a molded plastic bobbin 44. A seal 45 prevents the escape of fuel past the upper end of the bobbin 44. A terminal cover 47 seals an opening 49 in the housing 40 preventing the entrance of plastic when the overmold 48 is molded. Three pin or blade contacts 46 are provided passing through the cover (FIG. 1B) in an overmold 48 for mating with a harness connector to provide power to the coil 38 as well as to a hollow cylindrical ceramic fuel heater 50 disposed in the space 28 surrounding the valve needle 30.
The heater 50 is preferably constructed of a positive temperature coefficient material as described in copending allowed patent application U.S. Ser. No. 08/627,707 filed on Mar. 29, 1996, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,758,826. However, the heater 50 is here preferably uncoated with any fuel isolating material. The surfaces of the heater 50 are metallized to be electrically conductive in a pattern such that the electrical current caused to flow through the wall thickness of the hollow cylinder, by making electrical connections to the inside and outside surfaces respectively.
The metallizing which is itself well-known in the art, may be applied in patterns so as to allow both contacts to be made with the O.D. of the heater 50 while establishing electrical contacts to the inside and outside surfaces.
FIG. 6 shows the heater 50 with a first pattern in which an isolating gap 52 in the metallization is formed at one end. The opposite end face is unmetallized. Thus, the metallization in the region 54 provides a connection to the inner surface, and region 55 to the outside allowing both connectors to be disposed on the outside of the heater 50, although axially offset.
FIGS. 7 and 8 show a variation in which an isolated region 56 in the metallization of the O.D. is formed by a gap 58. The region 56 is continued across the end face as seen in FIG. 8, providing an electrical connection to the inside metallized surface 60. In this case, the connections can be made at the same axial level, but will be radially offset.
The metallization should be of sufficient thickness to allow electrical connections thereto by suitable means such as by soldering, or welding, or by mechanical pressure, etc.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the connection is comprised of two foil conductors 62 (aligned in FIG. 1 so that only one can be seen), each connected by a suitable method such as welding or soldering a respective blade contact. Each conductor 62 extends past the outside of bobbin 44 downwardly to a compressed O-ring 64, and passing through the O-ring 64 molded thereto to enter into the sealed internal spaces containing pressurized fuel.
The conductors 62 are bent downwardly to extend through a slot in ferromagnetic armature guide 66 and through a slot in a heater spacer 68 to the upper end of the heater 50 to which they are soldered at B.
An insulating plastic sleeve 70 encloses the heater 50 with three spaced ribs 72 allowing fuel to be in contact with both the inside and outside surfaces for maximum rate of heat transfer while retaining the heater radially. A spring washer 74 is interposed between the endwall of the sleeve 70 and the lower end face of the heater 50 to hold the same axially.
The surfaces of the heater 50 (or of a conductive element into contact therewith) may be roughened, slotted, corrugated, etc. to further enhance the rate of heat transfer into the fuel in contact with the surfaces thereof.
FIG. 1A shows further details of the flex foil conductors 62, which have inside ends 62A within the O-ring 64 adapted to be bent down and extended to the heater 50 and outside ends 62B bent up to extend to the contacts 46.
The conductors must be encased in an electrically insulating cover or coating of a plastic, such as Kapton™ polyimid. This coating will also provide protection from the fuel if needed.
Soldering or welding openings 76 are provided in the encasing plastic.
The transfer of heat from the heater into the fuel may advantageously be increased by providing heat conducting elements as mentioned above.
FIG. 1C shows a pair of tubular heat conducting elements 51A, 51B, which can be constructed of a metal such as beryllium copper. Corrugations for lengthwise inner and outer flutes allow fuel flow over the surfaces of the elements. The elements 51A, 51B are press fit to the outside and inside diameter of the heater 50 respectively to establish a good heat transfer path into the elements 51A, 51B, to heat the same, with the larger area of the flutes 53A, 53B increasing the rate of heat transfer into the fuel.
FIG. 2 shows an alternate version of a heated fuel injector of the electrical connections in which flex foil conductors 78 are compressed between an O-ring 80 and an underlying elastomeric washer 82. (Certain normally included injector components are not shown in FIG. 2).
The heater 50 is positioned between a pair of spring washers 84, 86, the lower washer 84 against a lower heater clip 90 end wall of the insulating sleeve 70, the upper washer 86 beneath an upper heater clip 92 below a spacer 88.
In this version, a conductor flex foil strip 78 extends to the lower end of the heater 50 and is held against the lower end by the lower heater clip 90 and conductor flex foil strip 78 extends to the upper end of the heater 50 where it is held against the upper end with the upper heater clip 92.
FIG. 3 illustrates an injector 94 utilizing a through-the- bobbin conductor design. The connector pins 96 used to energize the hollow cylindrical heater 50 are integral with conductor terminals 98 which extend through a bobbin 100 on which the injector coil 102 is wound (the terminals 98 are one behind the other so only one is seen in FIG. 3).
Terminals 98 are sealed from fuel leakage by an elastomeric seal 104 surrounding each terminal 98 where it emerges into the internal spaces where the pressurized fuel is present. Sealing of the terminals 98 can also be achieved by a suitable coating applied before molding to create a bonding with the plastic. Also, a knurling or corrugation 99 in the terminal 98 forming a tortuous leak path can also provide sealing (FIG. 3A). The terminal 98 continues through a ferromagnetic armature guide bushing 106, past a spacer sleeve 108.
A spring finger terminal portion 110 of each terminal 98 is held against the upper side of the heater 50, establishing an electrical contact with a respective metallized region for each prong 98.
FIG. 4 shows a laser welded fuel injector 112 of the type described in U.S. application Ser. No. 08/688,937, filed on Jul. 31, 1996 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,775,600, in which a welded construction is employed, utilizing hermetic laser welds to eliminate the need for internal O-ring seals, and of a compact configuration not easily accommodating internal conductors for the heater 50 disposed in the valve body 114.
Accordingly, a pair of conductors 116 extend from the connector socket 118 alongside the injector 112, the upper portions 124 contained within the overmolding 120, the lower portions 126A, 126B extending into a plastic, electrically insulating cover 122 enclosing the valve body 114 and connecting housing components. The lower portions 126A, 126B extend opposite the heater 50, and have contact pins 128A, 128B electrically connected thereto as by welding or soldering, and extending through the sidewall of the valve body 114.
A glass seal 130 is fused to each of the pins 128A, 128B as well as the bores in the valve body side wall. The steel of the pins 128A, 128B and valve body 114 is first oxidized to improve bonding of the glass used in the seals 130, which may be leaded or of other types of glass.
The heater 50 has an upper spring clip 132 and lower spring clip 134 secured on opposite ends. FIG. 5 shows the lower spring clip 134 which is similar to the upper spring clip 132.
A series of spaced apart spring fingers 136 are arranged about the circumference of an annular disc fit against the end of the heater 50. A terminal 140 extends axially upwardly in place of one of the spring fingers 136. The terminal 140 defines a channel sized to allow pin 128B to be gripped as it is slid thereinto as the heater 50 is inserted into the insulating sleeve 70.
The upper spring clip 132 may have a terminal 142 sized to allow the lower pin 128B to pass through freely, with pin 128A sized to tightly grip the same as the heater 50 is pushed into its final position.
FIGS. 5A and 5B show an alternative "hose clamp" type of spring clip 132A, which relies on the grip of a split band 135 to establish an electrical connection. An upwardly or downwardly projection terminal 142A has a slot 143 sized to receive the contact pines 128A and 128B.
The connections between the pins 128A and 128B and terminals 140, 142 serve to secure the heater 50 axially in the sleeve 70. The heater 50 is located radially with ribs as in the above embodiments.
In order to receive only two conductors to the injector, electrical isolators may be employed inside the injector. A control circuit will switch the voltage polarity applied to the two conductors of the injector. This will energize the injector solenoid or heater respectively, as shown schematically in FIG. 9A.
In FIG. 9A, the heater 50 is connected in series with diode 144 and the injector solenoid 38 is connected in series with diode 146 and the two series circuits are connected in parallel inside the injector.
FIG. 9A shows the control circuit that controls the polarity of the voltage applied to the injector conductors. With a pulse applied to injector input A, the voltage at Vout1 will be positive with respect to Vout2 and the injector solenoid will be energized. With a pulse applied to heater input B, and the injector is turned off (injector input A=0 volts) the voltage at Vout2 will be positive with respect to Vout1 and the heater will be energized.
FIG. 9B is a timing diagram that represents the input logic control and output voltage across the injector solenoid and heater circuits. The input A injector control voltage has precedence over input B heater control voltage. If the heater is turned on (Vout2 positive with respect to Vout1) the output will reverse while input A is high.
A possible control strategy for port injection applications is to energize the heater at or before engine start until the exhaust catalyst lights or the intake valves and air passage walls become hot enough that heater operation is not advantageous. This time can be determined experimentally and stored in the engine control unit 200 based on ambient conditions and engine temperature at start time and driving cycle after start or the heaters can be run for an unvaried pre-determined time.
Injection can be timed to an open intake valve when the heater is operated to reduce wall wetting since atomization will be sufficient to prevent condensation in the cylinder.
Any of various strategies can be employed to reduce heater current during starter engagement such as heater energization before starter engagement, reduced voltage during start, series resistor of zero or negative temperature coefficient, optimized selection of heater size and resistance or others.
FIG. 10 shows another variation in a fuel injector 156. In this version, insulated wires 158, 160 extend from pin contacts 162 of a socket 164 adapted to mate with a plug connector (not shown). An overmold 165 can encase the connections to the pin contacts 162 prior to producing the main overmold 167 to simplify manufacturing. Each of the insulated wires 158, 160 extend through a recess in a coil housing 166 behind an operating coil 38A wound on a bobbin 168, the recesses in a bore in the housing 166 which receives the bobbin 168.
A pair of insulation displacement connectors 170, 172 are molded into the bobbin 168 and each have a notch 182 receiving a respective wires 158-160 at the top, establishing an electrical connection to the connector contacts (FIG. 11).
A second pair of wires 176, 178 extend through the O-ring seal 180 from opposite sides, and are each also received in notch 182 in connectors 170, 172 (FIG. 11) when the injector parts are assembled.
The second pair of insulated wires 176, 178 pass through slots in an armature guide ring 184 receiving the armature piece 24A holding the needle valve 30A.
The wires 176, 178 extend down to the hollow cylindrical heater 50A where a soldered joint to the metallized surface establishes the electrical connection.
An insulated sleeve 70A has lengthwise ribs 72A to center the heater 50A and also end ribs 188 on which the heater 50A rests. A wave spring washer 190 acts on the upper end of the spacer sleeve 186 and a stack of turbulence inducing plates 192 to hold the heater 50A against the ribs 188.
The turbulence inducing plates 192 are each formed with offset slots 194 which cause the fuel to pass through in a tumbling, turbulent flow pattern prior to passing over the inner and outer surfaces of the heater 50A to enhance heat transfer into the fuel. The slot pattern can also be varied to apportion the fuel flow over the inside and outside of the heater to optimize heat transfer for a particular application.
Texturing the surface or shaping of the heater 50A with ribs, corrugations, etc. can also be employed to increase the rate of conductive heat transfer.
FIG. 12 shows the underside of a louvered plate 196 which has a circular array of louvers 198 utilized to create turbulence by causing a redirection of flow into the inside of the heater 50.
FIG. 13 shows a flow restrictor disc 202 placed over the upstream end of the heater 50. A pair of circumferential array of holes 204, 206 is aligned with the inner and outer perimeter of the heater 50. The relative areas of the array allows control over the relative flow rates of fuel passing over the heater's inner and outer surfaces. This may be desirable in a given application to maximize heat transfer, i.e., the greater surface area of the outside would indicate a greater flow rate over the outside. On the other hand, a lower inside heat losses may indicate a greater flow rate to the inside.
Accordingly, each specific design must be analyzed to set the apportionment of fuel flow rates to the inside and outside as indicated by setting the relative restrictive effect of the hole arrays.
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And she loving the way I'm winning, hey
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Sunday, May 24, 2015
New Trailer For Spielberg and Jackson's 'Tintin'
A new trailer has arrived for The Adventures Tintin: The Secret of the Unicorn, offering the first really good look at how the motion-capture animated feature film. Directed by Steven ... Continue Reading →
Question for the Week of July 11 2011
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Pixar is ready to race back into theaters this weekend with the release of its long-awaited sequel, Cars 2. The feature, directed by Pixar and Disney Animation creative chief John Lasseter, ... Continue Reading →
Abrams' 'Super 8′ Enters Crowded Box Office Race
The box office is looking to continue its summer rebound with the unknown quantity of Super 8 going up against kid flick Judy Moody and the NOT Bummer Summer — and both looking to ... Continue Reading →
USC's Marilyn & Jeffrey Katzenberg Center for Animation
The Marilyn and Jeffrey Katzenberg Center for Animation at USC was dedicated last week at a ceremony attended by George Lucas, Steven Spielberg and Jack Black. The new facility is now ... Continue Reading →
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Cartoon Network Europe's hot new series serves up the adventures of an animated sitcom family with amazing verve and visual pizzazz. If you're been searching for a dynamite new ... Continue Reading →
'Tintin' Teaser and Poster Arrive
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Romeo & Juliet (Manchester)
Editorial Staff • West End • 13 Sep 2005
No such problems here with Jacob Murray's deeply passionate and moving adaptation. The story remains the same- a feud between the Montagues and Capulets breaks out into violence. Danger looms when the children of both families, Romeo and Juliet, meet and fall in love. At first their meetings are romantic and in secret. But news of this affair soon reaches Verona. A chain of events then occur which will change the sun baked city forever.
The only departure in this production is that Murray updates the tale to 1950's Italy, complete with Vespas, quiff hairstyles and brightly coloured clothes. Some may think this does not add anything to the piece and at times it does seem like window dressing only. But further into Act One there are some brightly designed scenes which remind the audience of West Side Story, adding a touch of irony to the piece as it has come full circle.
Due to this addition Gugu Mbatha-Raw's Juliet is overtly sexual and almost tempts Romeo. This does seem at odds with the 14 year old innocent who is blinded by love. The actress gives a lovely performance, though, and her scenes with Andrew Garfield's Romeo are incredibly moving and always involving, perfectly capturing the feelings of first love. Garfield is amazing. He has the ability to bring the audience to tears and his athleticism is breathtaking. Maggie McCarthy's Nurse, Andrew Buchan's Mercutio and Paul Herzberg's Lord Capulet are all excellent, each adding something different to the Bard's tragic tale.
Ellen Cairns' epic set highlights religion as a major theme within the piece, featuring statues staring down onto the proceedings. Jason Taylor's lighting evokes the unforgiving glare of the sun coupled with the violence that will follow. Shobna Gulati's original choreography compliments the scene where Romeo and Juliet first meet, mixing comedy with romance very well.
Murray has lovingly crafted a rich, deeply affecting, appealingly performed piece. At times the modern nuances jar slightly; but that aside, something quite beautiful remains.
- Glenn Meads


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From the Publisher"A brilliant success.... This book, like its predecessor, will be taken for granted as shared background in future scholarly discussion of the issues it treats. Robert E. Lucas, Jr. , Journal of Political Economy
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Cindy Lanier browses in Whitmire. She made the drive over after learning of the yard sale on Facebook.
Wyatt Crase checks out this 15-speed bike, a yard sale bargain.
Nathan and Bradlee Bell test out exercise equipment to see if one man's trash might be their treasure.
Kay Armstrong purchases jewelry from Anita Silvers to benefit her nonprofit organization A and BB Pack and its work to help rescue animals.
John Flynn shopped at Kim Wallace's place. Wallace said the event got good foot traffic Friday with people attending from Ft. Mill, Lancaster, Lexington and as far as Tennessee. "We definitely want to hold this sale again next year," Wallace said.
Emily Kessler arranges pocketbooks. She also sold beverages to raise money for a trip to Disney World.


text:
MERIDIAN -- The state of Idaho lost a long-time public servant this week, and those with Idaho State Police lost a colleague and friend.
Former Director of the Idaho State Police, Colonel Dan Charboneau, passed away this week at the age of 63 after complications from pneumonia. People who knew him say, as great of a cop as he was, he was a better man.
Col. Ralph Powell is the current director of Idaho State Police. The state of Idaho has lost a dedicated and faithful servant. That is what Dan Charboneau, the Colonel of the Idaho State Police, was and brought to the state of Idaho.
Charboneau was in law enforcement for 36 years, 34 of that with ISP, retiring as the director in 2008. Powell talked about Charboneau's commitment to the state, the people around him, and his family. It isn't just the work and what he accomplished and the things he checked off, and was able to check off for the state of Idaho and for the Idaho State Police. It was what he brought to the position that made people want to dig in and work hard for him. He was a great man. He loved the outdoors.
It was that love of the outdoors that sent Charboneau on a week-long raft trip in 2008 where tragedy struck. He was thrown from a raft, hit his head, and became a quadriplegic. KTVB talked to Dan about the accident in 2009. You know, I wish it hadn't happened. But when it did happen I was with my good friends, I was doing something I loved.
His friends' and family's love for him was evident when they remodeled his home to accommodate Dan's new needs. Through it all, Dan tried to stay positive and keep perspective. God's got something planned for me.
Idaho was a good place for him to be, I guess is what I'm saying, because he enjoyed what Idaho gave him. But in return, he gave Idaho all plus more back, Powell said.
You can say that Boise Police also lost a brother in Charboneau. Though it didn't come close to his 34 years of service with the Idaho State Police, Charboneau was a Boise Police officer for two years. It's where he started his career in law enforcement.


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Grumpy Groupies
This is a group for all my buddies. If your in a sad mood or happy mood, pls ... more
See All
My Communities
My Discussions
My Email Digests
Thank you.View Thread
You have got to see this. Photos of how to fix problems around your house. You will be smacking your forehead and saying "why didn't I think of that?"View Thread
davidView Thread
Last wk I was manic but was enjoying myself. Not running around spending money or any such thing.
hugs to ya all. muahsView Thread
<<<<<<I could def. see myself doing this.View Thread
Threaten your bathroom scale and you will lose weight. lol
View Thread
Love ya all. Muah and Merry Christmas!!!!!!
12 Bipolar Days Of Christmas>>>>>>>>>
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eJxUv-r9xO0View Thread
View Thread
Poss. trigger: This morning I saw that a mama cat and her baby was tucked up under our bush on the side of the house. Im so darn worried about the baby cause it doesn't look well. Ive called shelters and animal control but nobody will come out and get the kitten. So right now Im keeping an eye on the cats. I just hope the kitten will be ok.
Keep your fingers crossed!!!!View Thread
This July we are having company, family from England, stay with us for about 3 weeks. Should be nice for my hubby to see his family. Im excited but I also worry because I dont know how I will be a able to entertain them because of my aches and pains. Sometimes they keep me down and out. I do know one thing, swimming will be a must. Me being in a bathing suit is scary, so Im going to just wear shorts and a shirt. LOL. View Thread
very interesting place.
not very exciting.
really neat!!!
It says: Here Lies Lester More, four slugs from a 44, no LES, no MORE.
The Crystal Palace. The place where Wyatt Earp dealt faro. (Poker).
Fun place. View Thread
sleep: a little too much and don't want to get out of bed in the mornings
mood: returned to mild depression and hate this
lingering gray cloud. just a wee bit anxious and
hyper-religious due to Easter holiday approaching
plans: work, eat, play with dog, fold the load of
laundry that has the clean underwear and try to set
aside time for yoga tonight
hope everyone one had a good day - hugsView Thread
So no more Seroquel PERIOD.
Now on: Latuda Visceral Valium PRISTIQ Lamictal
Praying this levels me out. My CNP-psych guy came in yesterday on his day off to make these changes after talking with me. I was amazed he did that. Glad also.
Feelin a bit hungover now cuz I jus got up at 330pm...but that will pass I'm sure. Do feel better today so that's a good sign.
Any of ya all having luck with Latuda??? I'd never heard of it. Hope it works better than the dang Seroquel, which did help for a long while but stopped.
Ya all have a good 'un ~SView Thread
Monday I'll be calling my prescribing doc to bitch about this. Dammit.
If he gives me trubble I'll just go full tilt carnival olown boogie on his arse.
K I am glad to get that out lol
~SView Thread
I'll be checking this community out on a semi-regular basis, and look forward to participating.
Have a good 'un.
~SeanView Thread
Just stopping in to say hello. I had to refer to Cookie's signature on the main board because I could not remember how to spell 'weird'. I am serious.
I keep misplacing my keys, phone, the dog's leash, my coat, my clothes and other things immediatley after using them, including my mind. I have to go back and retrace my steps numerous times around the house. I am so frustrated. Even people at work are taking advantage of me when they say "I told you that. You don't remember" . Everyone at work is older than me if you can imagine that and that's why I want to work there. One co-worker is 80 and she has a better memory than I do.
I'm jealous. View Thread
Im also having issues with mood swings. I think its hormonal. I was peri-menopausal but I think that maybe I am going through menopause now and I may need an adjustment of my hormone meds.
After my step mother passed away, Ive been having to worry about my father, which doesnt help my moods. Also, after Thanksgiving I got into a fight with my sister. It ended up with both of us screaming at each other. My sister sent me an email and said that she isnt going to talk to anyone in the family for a while, because she tends to take on everyone elses probs., so she needs a break. I think she is doing the right thing.
My Grandmother passed away right before Halloween and I worry about my mother and my aunt.
My husband is doing good and my doggy is still a stinker pie. Chewy, my dog, is having a *ruff* day because she isnt feeling well. She is having tummy probs.
So although it sounds like Im having all kinds of problems, they really arent too bad. Im just trying to adjust my meds and fix the problems as they come up.
Wish me luck when I see my specialist. Hopefully he can take my pain away for good. No more sitting on ice packs. LOL muahsView Thread
View Thread
So you call the plumber and he tells you he can be there tomorrow.
(says he's always busy) When he tells you it it will be $450 to change the valve, you ask, "Can't you fix it for less than that?"
Then, he changes some rubber washers and springs, and hands you a bill for $92.50 and drives away twenty minutes later.
Just two weeks later, the same little hot water drip begins again and you call the plumber and this time he is so busy, he can't come over for another week.
This time he removes the valve from the shower wall and requotes his original price ($450) to replace the valve. This time you bristle and ask if there is nothing cheaper he can do. This time he takes the old valve "out to his truck" and "rebuilds" it and reinstalls it in the wall. He tells you not to use the shower for 48 hours while the adhesive "sets up".
This time the bill is for $244 and he leaves in a half hour.
Another two weeks pass and, you guessed it, leaking again!
You call the same plumber thinking he will deduct the money you have already paid against the original quote and will install the new valve. Not so, sewer breath!!
This call cost me an accumulated $786.50 !!!! Boy am I mad.
But next time I shower, I'll be thinking about taking a home plumbing course at the local technical college. This racket is too good to pass up!
IbexView Thread
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12.11.07 - By Jason Peck: What is a super-fight, you may ask? Simple. Its an overly-hyped sparring session with a name more suited for a shitty, straight-to-video action flick (Klitschko-Rahman: Search and Destroy, Judah-Mayweather: Sworn Enemies, Dixon-Balboa: Skill vs. Will, etc.), name recognition as the selling point, far too much press coverage and more often than not an unsatisfying end that detracts from fights with actual potential..
I checked Boxrec the other day, and found an unpleasant surprise. Oscar De La Hoya who ignored my urgent pleas to retire after 12 rounds of mind-numbing mediocrity against Floyd Mayweather will fight against an unnamed opponent in May, probably the winner of Mayweather-Hatton
Prepare to crap your pants, fight fans, here we go again. Like Santa Claus, Oscar returns but once a year but charges more than $50 for his coal.
The whole process is downright monotonous. First Oscar labors over his future, teasing the media with clues and guesses. The sporting press crowds around him like hes ready to issue a papal bull. Then he picks one, making sure that mainstream sports fans such as Max Kellerman could recognize the name, if asked (Sorry, Roman Karmazin).
The promoters name the fight shortly after (like Mayorga-De la Hoya: Danger Zone). For months on end, they build expectations for a fight that could never match them. Boxing publications jump on the bandwagon; for months they ignore more meaningful fights. HBO hosts a countdown. Even Sports Illustrated takes notice.
Then we get to the fight itself, and you can feel the hype electrifying the air. But nine times of 10, the fight falls far short of its promises. And more often than not, you just blew big bucks for the Pay-Per-View.
Maybe Im getting ahead of myself, but I think a warning is necessary before another round of Oscar frenzy. If he fights again, the promoters will convince the public that the Golden Boy remains a serious threat to the A-list fighters. Never mind his 2-3 record in his past five fights and obvious weight limitations hes a deadly fighter with more facets than the Hope Diamond and more power than a locomotive. Hes a master tactician like Hopkins, a murderous puncher like Tyson, tough as Tex Cobb and fast like the Flash.
But Oscar hasn't won a significant match since 2002, when he used superior conditioning and boxing savvy to turn the tide and dispose of a prime Fernando Vargas in the late rounds. Since then, Oscars record hasnt matched the elite fighter hes supposed to be.
De La Hoya followed the Vargas victory by beating the hopeless Luis Ramon Campas in seven rounds. Then he lost to Sugar Shane Mosley in September 2003. From here his fortunes began petering out.
Moving up to middleweight, De La Hoya lost badly to Felix Sturm for the WBO middleweight title, but received one of the most embarrassing gift decisions in history. That should have proved he didnt belong at 160 pounds, but both fans and promoters gritted their teeth and force-forgot the inconvenient truth. Somehow, they convinced the public that despite the Sturm debacle Oscar could handle a far superior middleweight in undisputed champ Bernard Hopkins, who hadnt lost a fight in a decade.
But Oscar can't down he goes via body shot in Round Nine. The win catapulted Hopkins to superstar status, despite Hopkinss previous wins over more dangerous (but less popular) middleweights.
Then Oscar does nothing for a year, and immediately receives a title shot against Ricardo Mayorga after a record lay-off. He wins. Then he does nothing for another year (with no complaints from the WBC) and loses to Floyd Mayweather in the king of all super-fights. Sports Illustrated even calls it The Fight to Save Boxing.
The fight is hideous, a boring abomination. As predicted by any serious boxing fan, Mayweather easily outboxes the tactically-challenged Golden Boy in 12 rounds of defensive Hell. Not only does the fight not save boxing, it puts Ultimate Fighting Championship on the cover of Sports Illustrated immediately after.
In short, you have a guy with a 2-3 record in the past four years or, a 1-4 record, if you correctly score the Sturm fight. That would knock any other fighter out of world title contention, unless he proved himself in a spectacular fashion. Oscar hasnt.
Havent you learned your lesson yet? Why should hardcore boxing fans salivate every time Oscar opens his mouth? Why should thy ponder match-ups with everyone from Antonio Tarver to Manny Pacquiao?
WHY? I need to hear a good answer to this one.
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LG Sciences: Lipotropic Protein
- Stats
- 6'0" 164 lbs.
- Join Date
- Dec 2007
- Posts
- 89
- Rep Power
- 33333
- Level
- 12
- Lv. Percent
- 10.16%
- Stats
- 5'9" 219 lbs.
- Join Date
- Oct 2006
- Posts
- 9,879
- Rep Power
- 2595088
- Level
- 77
- Lv. Percent
- 42.28%
Talk to them. Nutra orders from us. Start a thread over there and see what you can do. Im sure Eric would have no problem getting it over at NP if they want.Serious Nutrition Solutions Representative
You can get it at DPS nutrition too...
any idea on when the new flavors are coming? The price was great, the flavor was so/so
Should be in two weeks
just vanilla?or PB too?
A fat-burning protein? I'd be interested in reading a write-up of this if one is available.
A new protein is coming to town and it is something every bodybuilder is going to want to try. The secret to this new protein is something called polyphenols, which are plant extracts that are known to help increase the bodys own fat burning effect. Polyphenols can be found in many plant varieties, but some of the most potent come from tea extracts like green and black tea. These polyphenols are proven to help the body burn more fat calories per workout and to keep burning fat all day long. Unfortunately you need to drink a lot of green tea to get the full fat burning effects or take a green tea supplement three times per day. However, a new protein source is now available that contains natural polyphenols similar to what is found in green tea and is proven in scientific literature to increase the fat burning effect in the bodys mitochondria. This is the holy grail of all protein supplements, to be able to burn fat while promoting lean muscle growth and it is finally available. Lipotropic Protein is a new great tasting protein source from L-Gear that delivers on the amazing promise to build muscle while burning fat. We all want a more toned body along with a lean mid section. Unfortunately, increasing protein and food intake was usually associated with a bulk phase of training because of the extra calories needed to get the optimal dose of protein. Your body isnt good at naturally taking in extra calories and nutrient partitioning them only for muscle growth...until now!
Betaine Anhydrous is a remarkable nutrient. It was first discovered by the agricultural industry to increase the lean muscle to fat ratio on their beef. It has the amazing property of increasing lean muscle without increasing fat gain. Again, this is the dream of every bodybuilder! Betaine is included in Lipotropic protein to make the polyphenols have an even better effect and on its own adds to the fat burning potential! Betaine is completely safe and has a mildly sweet taste on its own and in Lipotroipic protein is completely tasteless. I am taking betaine with every meal now in addition to Lipotropic protein as a way to increase lean mass while taking in the extra calories. This fat reducing ingredient gives Liportopic protein the 1-2 punch for fat loss!
Lipotropic Protein contains a new kind of protein that is the most advanced on the market, surpassing old whey concentrate blends in protein quality and effect on lean mass. Gemma protein is a high quality protein extract that has some serious benefits over standard whey protein extracts. First it is extremely high in the prime muscle building components of protein, specifically the essential amino acids Leucine, Isoleucine and Valine, often called the branch chain amino acids. These anabolic muscle builders are the most important part of the protein for building muscle and Leucine is proven to be anabolic! Gemma protein is also rich in Glutamine and glutamine peptides, which are also very important for building muscle and increasing recovery. These two groups of amino acids make Gemma protein superior to whey and casein proteins for increasing muscle mass and the fat loss benefits of the polyphenols make this protein way better than any whey blend on the market for building mass and losing body fat. Available first in Chocolate, the Gemma protein in Lipotropic Protein will soon be available in many different flavors. If you want the very best protein on the market for increasing lean muscle and burning fat, look no further than Lipotropic Protein from L-Gear. It has the perfect nutrient profile for the serious bodybuilder that is looking to lose fat while gaining muscle. No other protein gives you the benefit of both being the most advanced amino acid profile with fat burning polyphenols!
- Stats
- 5'7" 182 lbs.
- Join Date
- Feb 2008
- Posts
- 415
- Rep Power
- 296
- Level
- 16
- Lv. Percent
- 42.59%
i think i will try some of this. the price is right!
Any new word on the PB flavor?hoping soon.I seen the vanilla is out, might have to try some-but def lookin forward to some PB!
- Stats
- 5'6" 230 lbs.
- Join Date
- Nov 2002
- Age
- 49
- Posts
- 158
- Rep Power
- 13846
- Level
- 14
- Lv. Percent
- 98.72%
I think the Vanilla is very good. The Chocolate we are working on...
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text:
Plastic Bag Filler Measuring Container
Item #: 099898744059 Stock Status: In Stock - Order Now Only 3 Left
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Estimated delivery from 5/29 - 6/4 for continental US customers.
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Stop making messes in your kitchen while trying to fill up your storage bags with the Plastic Bag Filler Measuring Container. This container ensures accurate measurements with the conveniently placed measure marks measuring up to two cups. Made with a durable plastic, the container also has a green rubber rim to hold your storage bag until you are finished filling it. Making eating healthier with this product as it creates a guide to portion control.
Gift wrapping available for this item
Product Dimensions Additional Product Info
Plastic Bag Filler Measuring Container Features
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text:
Staff Reporter
Cyclonic storm'Khai Muk' crosses the coast near Kavali
23 rehabilitation centres set up, breakfast and milk provided
Boats, nets of fishermen in villages on the coast washed away
NELLORE: Heavy rain accompanied by strong gales lashed several parts of the district, as 'Khai Muk' the cyclonic storm crossed the coast near Kavali in the early hours on Sunday.
Heavy and continuous downpours in many mandals affected normal life. Many trees were uprooted and electric poles came crashing down, causing traffic jams while boats and nets of fishermen in villages on the coast were washed away in the strong waves due to cyclone.
On receiving information that 'Khai Muk' is expected to cross the coast in the district, the Collector K. Ramgopal, Superintendent of Police B. Malla Reddy and others rushed to Kavali to monitor the situation. Reviewing the situation, a high alert was declared in the district.
About 7,500 villagers from Bogolu, Vidavaluru, Kavali, Aluru, Vakadu, Indukuripeta, Gangapatnam and Kollimitlapalem were shifted to safer places in the wee hours of Sunday. Officials arranged 23 rehabilitation centres and provided breakfast and milk for them on Sunday morning.
Boats and nets of fishermen of Mypadu, Dugarajupatnam, Tupulipalem, Pattapupalem, Nelaturu and other villages were washed away due to the intensity of the cyclonic storm. The district received an average rainfall of 53.5 mm on Saturday. Joint director (Fisheries) Ragothama Swamy said nine teams comprising of revenue and fisheries department officials have been constituted to enumerate the loss due to cyclone. A reported would be submitted to the district administration by Monday, he said.
Crops were damaged in a few villages due to strong gales and the officials of electricity, R & B and revenue departments are assessing the losses due to rains in the district.


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Previous Cartoon | Next Cartoon
Pluto JuniorPluto Junior (1942) - Pluto Theatrical Cartoon Series by Dave Koch
This page has been viewed 58 times this month, and 1436 times total.
- Pluto Theatrical Cartoon SeriesTheatricalSeriesCartoon
- Traditional Animation
- Walt Disney Studios
- Distributed by: RKO Radio Pictures, Inc.
- Cartoon Characters: Pluto, Pluto Jr.
- Directed By Clyde Geronimi.
- Produced By Walt Disney.
- Originally Released on February 28, 1942.
- Originally Released Theatrically.
- Running Time: 7:07 minutes.
- TechniColor
Cartoon Summary:
Pluto's young son wants to play and fight- to the exasperation of Pluto, who only wants to take a nap.
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Published on December 31, 2013 by Amy
Any tattoo is personal to the person who chooses to get it, but the dreamcatcher tattoo is one of the most personal. This tattoo design is especially popular among women, and most of them have a deep personal reason for getting the ink. The mystical qualities of a dreamcatcher make them a very popular choice among women (and men) from all walks of life. What's the meaning behind dreamcatcher tattoo? What do other popular tattoos mean?
dna testing, dna ancestry testing, ancestry, genealogy, indian genealogy records, paternity testing, turquoise jewelry, native american jewelry
The dreamcatcher is a handmade item popular in Native American cultures. The dreamcatcher is a woven net or web that has certain adornments, such as beads, shells, gemstones, leather, feathers and the like. These items are usually things found in nature. It is typically hung in a bedroom, above a bed, or sometimes above a door. The idea is that happy, optimistic dreams will pass through the net, while the negative dreams or nightmares will become ensnared, so the dreamers has only good dreams. On the other hand, some believe that the negative dreams pass through the hole in the center of the dreamcatcher, while the good dreams are trapped, and thus become a part of that person's destiny.
Whichever way it is, the tattoo signifies that harmful dreams are chased away and positive dreams will stay, bring protection to the one who wears the ink. In more realistic sense, the tattoo fights away bad things like scandals while letting the good, such as money, pass through.
Once you decide to get the tattoo, the big question becomes one of placement and design. For men, dreamcatcher tattoos are usually placed on the upper arm, but they might also be inked as a large tattoo on the upper back. Women often have dreamcatcher tattoos in a smaller form on their shoulder, creating an elegant look.
When it comes to design, the options are virtually endless. As this is such a personal tattoo, choosing the design that speaks to you matters most. Most dreamcatcher tattoos have some sort of "natural" design, such as vines or leaves, to surround the center or make up the net. You might also choose a more elaborate net, one that is made of something that truly matters to you, such as an eagle or a sunset. A talented tattoo artist will be able to help you choose the design that is right for you.
It is important to remember that though dreamcatchers might be popular, they are also a sacred symbol of Native American culture. Native Americans are protective of their culture, and rightfully so; therefore, the use of these tattoos is cause for controversy, especially when those who do not have a Native American heritage choose to display them on their bodies. Some people might see your tattoo as being inappropriate, insensitive or even offensive. Before you take the plunge and get a dreamcatcher tattoo, make sure you understand what it means and can articulate your personal reasons for getting this particular type of tattoo.
If you are uncertain about getting a dreamcatcher tattoo, keep in mind that there are many alternatives that might suit you. Each of the following tattoos has some sort of "hidden meaning" that can give you a lovely tattoo that has a purpose behind it.
Source: newhealthguide
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Jonathan Demme Documents Post-Katrina New Orleans
Thursday, May 24, 2007
Jonathan Demme is best known as the director of movies like "Silence of the Lambs" and "The Manchurian Candidate." He tells us about his most recent documentary project "Right of Return": filming real-life stories of people struggling to recover in post-Katrina New Orleans.
Guests:Jonathan Demme
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LG files patent for "W Watch" name, speculation abounds
LG has patented a moniker for what could be an upcoming wearable. Their recent application, LG is attempting to patent the name W Watch, which is noted to be a smart watch, of course. We've already got expectations of a smart wearable or two from LG, so we're especially intrigued as to what else they've got in the works.


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28 January 2013 23:28 [Source: ICIS news]
HOUSTON (ICIS)--Celanese reported flat fourth-quarter earnings and a 7% decline in sales because of continued trough-like demand for acetyl products and derivatives, the company said on Monday.
Net earnings during the period totaled $95m (€70m), the same amount reported during the fourth quarter of 2011, according to Celanese.
Net sales in the fourth quarter came in at $1.501bn, compared with $1.614bn in the prior year period.
Celanese said volumes declined year over year because of continued soft global demand in the company's Acetyls Intermediate and Consumer Specialties segments.
Celanese's flagship products are acetic acid and vinyl acetate monomer (VAM).
Net sales declined by about 9% in the acetyls segment. Global demand for acetyl products and downstream derivatives stayed low during the quarter, with pricing off by 5% and volumes down by 3%, compared to the prior year period.
CEO Mark Rohr said that the challenging global environment would continue throughout 2013, especially due to the economic uncertainty in the European Union.
"Growth in China should improve throughout the year, but I expect that growth to be modest when compared to historic levels," Rohr said.
The company still expects earnings to grow by 12-13% this year, Rohr said.
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Greenway Medical Technologies, Inc. (NYSE: GWAY), which delivers innovative software and business services solutions for ambulatory care providers through its PrimeSUITE® platform, today announced financial results for the three months ended September 30, 2012.
"We continue to achieve strong financial results from operations as we successfully pursue a strategy that capitalizes on increased electronification among ambulatory care providers, encourages consumer engagement in the healthcare system, and establishes the value of objective data as a powerful tool to improve population health," said Tee Green, president and chief executive officer of Greenway®. "We're reaching our growth objectives by maintaining our focus on the long-term value proposition we have established for our customers."
- Total revenue grew by 28% for the 2013 first quarter, when compared with the year-ago period, and revenue from recurring sources, including support services and electronic data interchange and business services grew by 36% year over year.
- Gross profit increased by 34% with gross margin improving by 262 basis points, to 54.4% for the first quarter from the prior-year period.
- Adjusted EBITDA margin was 8% for the 2013 first quarter, a 434-basis point improvement from the prior-year period. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure that is described and reconciled to net income below and is not a substitute for the GAAP equivalent.
Operating ResultsGreenway generated revenue of $32.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, up 28% from $25.7 million for the comparable prior-year period. Revenue from recurring sources, particularly support services, grew by 36% as a result of a higher proportion of new customer installations on Greenway's cloud-based solutions, as well as growth of other services. Gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2012, was $17.8 million, which compares with $13.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011, a 34% increase. Gross profit margin improved by 262 basis points, to 54.4% for the fiscal 2013 first quarter, from 51.8% for the prior-year period, largely as a result of revenue growth as well as better margins for support services and electronic data interchange and business services, offset by a decline in system sales margins for the period. System sales margin for the quarter includes the absorption of increased amortization expense of approximately $1.2 million related to software development costs and acquired technology. Amortization commences as various projects become available for market.


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Well, I've been absent for 8 months, and during that time, it turns out that I have completely transformed. You are all precious. Thank you for being here and sharing your lives. You are truly a gift. Jan. 23, 2012
I'd been wondering about the Mary Poppins books. I think we'll start them next.
We've been reading Alice in Wonderland as well. DD loves it-she thinks it's so silly. We've been reading the one illustrated by Helen Oxenbury. She is DD's favorite illustrator. She also illustrated Through the Looking Glass, but I haven't read that one in quite a while.
We also have enjoyed the Winnie the Pooh books and the books of poetry. We try to read one of the poems each night. So much fun. Thanks for starting this thread! I've enjoyed getting more suggestions of chapter books to read with dd.
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How To Change 5 Wheels In 3.3 Seconds
Step 1: Be an awesome Formula 1 pit crew. Step 2: Change four tires and a steering wheel like it's no big deal.
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New deals for Swainston, Denman and Denton; Burrell to leave
By Tony Curtis. Last Updated: 02/03/11 12:12pm
Swainston: New deal
Leeds have been buoyed by news Phil Swainston, Gareth Denman and Tom Denton have all agreed new two-year deals.
Swainston, 21, has made 41 appearances for the club since making his debut, while fellow prop Denman, 20, has been pushing hard for regular inclusions in the squad.
Denton, a 23-year-old lock, has established himself as a key figure in the Carnegie pack this season.
And head coach Neil Back is delighted that the trio have committed their futures to Headingley.
Back told the club's official site: "Leeds Carnegie has a strong tradition of giving young players the chance to play at the highest level and all three of these players are proud Yorkshireman who love playing for their club.
"We are in the process of securing our squad for next season and this is great news on the back of Marco Wentzel's new contract last week."
However while Swainston, Denman and Denton will remain at the club, Luther Burrell has turned down the offer of a new deal.


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You Save $111.76 (53%)
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Final Score: Oklahoma City 109, Denver 81
Oklahoma City, OK (SportsNetwork.com) - Kevin Durant scored 36 points to lead the Oklahoma City Thunder to a 109-81 win over the Denver Nuggets in preseason action.
Serge Ibaka scored 13 points and had nine rebounds, while Thabo Sefolosha also added 13 points and grabbed six rebounds of his own for the Thunder.
Andre Miller and Nate Robinson both came off the bench to lead the Nuggets in scoring with 10 points apiece.
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Sulphide ore in a polished section. 61 images collected using a Zeiss microscope, Zeiss Epiplan HD 4x objective, Zeiss kpl 10x eypiece for projection and a Canon 1100D camera. Collecting the images by tethering the camera to a PC using the EOS utility capture software makes life a lot easier since my home-built rig is...
360 degree view from atop Carn Brea near Redruth in Cornwall, UK. This was taken near the Basset monument. For more high resolution panoramas, check my profile here, or my website at lifeinmegapixels.com for wallpapers, time-lapse photography and even more images.
This 360 degree panorama was photographed on 26th May 2012 from Lemon Street in Truro, Cornwall, where Lemon Street joins Lemon Quay and Back Quay. This former port area was covered over in the 1920s to create car parking space and has since been developed as a social area, called the Piazza.
A clearing in Treskerby Woods, Scorrier, Cornwall. This is a former mining area, so the ground is uneven, there is mineral waste on the ground and you can see an old chimney and another mine building through the trees.
Flat 360 degree view of the show ground. Taken from a cherry picker on the back of a low loader.
A panoramic of Truro from Green Lane.
Panoramic photo taken from a cherry picker in the corner of the show field.
Hart's fleet of trucks at the Cornwall Truck Show 2011.
This shot is of Marriotts Engine House at South Wheal Francis near Camborne in Cornwall. These are of set of very impressive building that have been preserved as part of The Great Flat Lode Heritage Trail. This is my first Gigapan, it was taken on a bright sunny morning but it was quite windy so there was some camera...


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Medical Reserve Corps Medical Reserve Corps allows older Americans to give back to their communites...
Low-Cost Blood Tests! The health department is now offering tests to monitor cholesterol, diabetes, anemia, and blood clotting
May is National Bike Month Learn more about "active transportation"...
Play Unplugged Starts When School Ends! Good for kids, families, and local businesses!
Health Screenings
Low-Cost Health Screenings!
The health department is now offering tests to monitor cholesterol, diabetes, anemia, and blood clotting at our St. George, Cedar City, and Kanab offices! (Click on any test for more detailed information)
Lipid Panel ($35) Cholesterol screening for risk factors in heart disease; tests LDL, HDL, triglycerides, and glucose
A1C ($25) Tests blood sugar for diabetes control
PT-INR ($25) Monitors effectiveness of blood-clotting medications like Coumadin
Hematocrit ($15) Screening for anemia
FREE blood pressure and BMI check with every screening! No appointment needed, just walk in to one of the following offices:
St. George: 620 S. 400 E. 3rd Floor
Cedar City: 260 E. DL Sargent Dr.
Kanab: 445 N. Main
Hours: M,W,Th (7:30am-5pm), T (1pm-5pm), F (8am-4:30pm)
Screening results are not intended for diagnosis. Visit your healthcare provider for consultation and follow up.


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Latest News
Selfish Kim Kardashian Makes Fans Day At Book Signing
Kim Kardashian showed she's anything but selfish as she hit the Barnes and Noble bookstore in LA's The Grove mall.… READ MORE
Kim Admits She Eats At KFC And In-N-Out, Says 'I'm 20 Pounds Heavier'
Kim Kardashian revealed she's insecure about packing on 20 pounds on Sunday's episode of Keeping Up with the Kardashians.
While trying to co… READ MORE
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Kim Kardashian put her cleavage on full display on Saturday as she arrived at LAX airport to catch a flight to Brazil!… READ MORE
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Is Kris Jenner having a change of heart? Kim Kardashian revealed that the whole family is behind Bruce's transition from a male to a female – even ex-w… READ MORE
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Kim Kardashian was dressed to kill at her book signing at Barnes & Noble in Los Angeles Thursday night, in support of her new book Selfish.… READ MORE
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She may have been one of the most naked stars at 2015's Met Gala, but Kim Kardashian was voted one of Vogue's best-dressed celebs at the event.
Kourtney Spies On Scott's Bank Account Amid Cheating Rumors
Scott Disick's never been shy about his outrageous spending. But it's not all the designer clothes Kourtney Kardashian's worried ab… READ MORE
Kris 'Fuming' After Her Ex Takes $150,000 In Gowns From Her Collection...
Bruce Jenner is prepping his ultimate glam room at the expense of one member of the family who's less than thrilled with the idea.
RadarOnine.com can … READ MORE
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Hollywood and music's biggest stars were the talk of the town last night at the 2015 Met Gala in New York City – see the best and worst dressed on the red c… READ MORE
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Keeping Up with the Kardashian's star Kim Kardashian gave her fans a glimpse at what they can expect from her upcoming book release, Selfish by shari… READ MORE
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Beyonce kept fans waiting for hours on the red carpet at this year's Met Gala, but Kim Kardashian tried to provide them with the next best thing!
The … READ MORE
Anna Wintour Bans Selfies & Cell Phones At This Year's Met Gala
If Kim Kardashian was hoping to publish Selfish the sequel, she won't be including any selfies from the Met Gala this year.
According to PageSix, Ann… READ MORE
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Kris Jenner was in tears over ex Bruce Jenner's transition, in her initial reaction to her ex-husband's life-changing decision on Keeping U… READ MORE
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Kanye West wants a security force normally reserved for political powerhouses like John Kerry, when he visits Rome with Kim Kardashian to film a cameo in Zo… READ MORE
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It's no secret that Kim Kardashian wants daughter North West to have a sibling, but it sounds like it may not happen as quickly as anticipated.
The reality st… READ MORE


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Slow Food Almanac
20 Jan 14
Carlo Petrini
We are pleased to present the new online 2013 Slow Food Almanac to you.
As in years past, we have sought to paint a picture of the complexity of the Slow Food movement, revealed through the many articles, images and interactive links that describe our work over one year, as exhaustively as possible.
The Almanac is divided into three sections: biodiversity, our themes and campaigns, and education. These three concepts, rich in meaning, exemplify the hundreds of concrete, everyday experiences that have characterized our network's journey.
A network that is increasingly widespread, creative, positive and aware that every day, through its actions, it communicates that when faced with the paradoxes of the current food system, we must respond with determination and an ability to trigger significant changes. A network that teaches us that the energy contained in all the faces you will see as you leaf through the Almanac has an enormous potential, and that all together we can contribute to a slow but radical transformation.
So my invitation to you is to digest this publication and discover all the actions that the Slow Food and Terra Madre network is undertaking around the world: Actions to guarantee access to good, clean and fair food for everyone; to fight the absurdity of a hyper-industrialized food system with no concern for the well-being of people or the environment; to preserve the wealth of biodiversity; and to educate the adults of today and those of tomorrow about how to guarantee a better future, cultivated with care and love.
To read the Almanac, click here.
Search the Slow Stories archive
Tackling Food Waste? France is Streets Ahead
03/06/2015 | A victory in the fight against waste as France introduces measures to stop supermarkets throwing away food...
France at the Forefront of Saving Bee Colonies
02/06/2015 | We take a look a new strategies in place to protect declining bee populations...
Slow Food in the Caribbean
27/05/2015 | The 2015 meeting of the Slow Food Caribbean network takes place in the Dominican Republic…
A New Chapter in Morocco
Morocco | 25/05/2015 | Slow Food in Morocco welcomes a new President...
Help Bring Young Farmers to Milan: Give Expo a Soul!
21/05/2015 | The crowdfunding platform created by Saatchi & Saatchi to enable young farmers to attend a unique and...
@ 2015 Slow Food - All rights reserved - C.F. 91008360041 - Powered by Blulab


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In sleek shades of cool taupe and silver, this rug is a versatile piece. Hand-knotted from the finest semi-worsted New Zealand wool, it also boasts superior craftsmanship and style that will blend seamlessly with any transitional or contemporary setting.
As viewers of HGTV's Divine Design know, designer Candice Olson specializes in interiors that fuse traditional forms and proportions with clean, crisp, modern styling. Her aesthetic is apparent throughout this collection of unique and beautiful rugs.


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barrel pitting
What is barrel pitting?
Does this apply to rifles only? or handguns also?
Re: barrel pitting
Re: barrel pitting
My late dad used to have an old 380. The barrel lands were so pitted kala mo kinayod ng maliit na rake. Surprisingly, that thing still shot extremely well and had decent groups even when using an almost non-existent sights. ;)
Barrel pitting is when your barrel started to rust like moon crater when you viewed it from the end of the barrel.Use a good light from the chamber, normally pitting starts from the end (nuzzle), since moist enters from the end.
Your accuracy will be affected as your target range increases.
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- Introduction
- Study of the composition of the Earth
- Study of the structure of the Earth
- Study of surface features and processes
- Earth history
- Practical applications
Petrology is the study of rocks, and, because most rocks are composed of minerals, petrology is strongly dependent on mineralogy. In many respects mineralogy and petrology share the same problems; for example, the physical conditions that prevail (pressure, temperature, time, and presence or absence of water) when particular minerals or mineral assemblages are formed. Although petrology is in principle concerned with rocks throughout the crust, as well as with those of the inner depths of the Earth, in practice the discipline deals mainly with those that are accessible in the outer part of the Earth's crust. Rock specimens obtained from the surface of the Moon and from other planets are also proper considerations of petrology. Fields of specialization in petrology correspond to the aforementioned three major rock types—igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.


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The fans also are not perfect, keep in mind
Not to treat me like a science project and not a person
from Slaughterhouse – The Other Side Lyrics on Genius
The rappers are not only to blame however. Here, Royce says that once a rapper becomes famous he is not treated as a human anymore but a machine. That isn't something the artist wants and it definitely isn't any help to him.
To help improve the quality of the lyrics, visit Slaughterhouse – The Other Side Lyrics and leave a suggestion at the bottom of the page


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Mon-Fri: 7am-1am EST / Sat-Sun: 7am-11pm EST
ApplianceFrigidaire Dryer
Level of DifficultyReally easy
Time to do repairLess than 15 mins
Age of Appliance5 - 10 years
0 out of 1 people found this instruction helpful
Opened the package. Took out the new knob. Popped it on the old metal prong. Don't have to use the old pliers to start the dryer anymore. One of the little things around the house that was broken, just took a minute to order, a day or so to receive, a second to install and it was one more thing off my to do list. That was about the quickest and cheapest repair we made at our house this year.
Help other customers find the most helpful instructions.
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Part Number: PS419092
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The PartSelect logo is a Registered Trademark of Atlantic Laundry Centres, Ltd.
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By Sikivu Hutchinson
The myth of American exceptionalism has always been impervious to data and empirical evidence. Despite being the richest most prolific jailer in the world, the U.S. is fond of favorably comparing itself to Western Europe with its evil big government social welfare safety net and waning capitalist moxie. Despite allowing Christian fascists to control its public policy it is fond of flailing Muslim theocracy while touting its status as a beacon of secular democratic rights. Despite telling American women that they are liberated, post-feminist and beyond all that affirmative action shit, it is beholden to a medievalist court blazing a "new" trail of misogynist jurisprudence.
The Supreme Court's Hobby Lobby decision is staggering in its criminal disregard for individual liberty, women's self-determination and economic justice. It is indicative of how much the political ground has shifted in eight years that the seemingly modest requirement that all employers be mandated to provide birth control coverage under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has emerged as a pitchfork clarion call for the radical right. As commentator Sally Kohn pointed out recently on CNN, the cost of birth control meds like Plan B is prohibitive for women who are making at or below minimum wage (HL apparently funded Plan B and other contraceptives it disingenuously labels "abortifacients" before the passage of the ACA). The absence of this coverage will have an immediate impact on their families and day-to-day livelihoods. But this endorsement of Christian fascists cannot be separated from the broader context of GOP assaults on worker rights and racial justice. In addition to subverting reproductive rights, the GOP has consistently opposed raising the federal minimum wage and fought tooth and nail against minimum wage increases in state legislatures like California. SCOTUS' ruling against a requirement that home care workers in Illinois pay union dues was another salvo in the radical right's campaign against public employee unions like SEIU. SEIU's membership is fifty six percent female and forty percent of color. Nationwide, working class and low income women of color disproportionately rely on public employee unions to fight for benefits and higher wages. [Read more…]


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http://www.careerquesttraining.com Careerquest Training Center couldn't agree more that travel agents are the most important resource when it comes to travel planning. As seen in the video, travel agents have seen 2 consecutive years a growth due to a high demand of vacation planning. If you're interested in being part of this fast growing business opportunity, learn how to become a travel agent through the Careerquest Travel program at http://www.careerquesttraining.com. The Careerquest Training Program is a proven, successful method for motivated people to begin a travel career. This program will also help you prepare for the travel idustry, learning the basic skills needed to operate a computer reservation system for airlines, travel agencies, cruise lines, hotels, or as a home-based agent. If you're looking for that next vacation, remember you can save hundreds of dollars by using a travel agent instead of the Internet.Start your career in the travel industry. Request FREE Travel Career information at http://www.careerquesttraining.com.
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