text:
Rs. 60 crore sanctioned for rural power supply in Dakshina Kannada
Minister for Corporate Affairs M. Veerappa Moily said here on Sunday that the Centre had recently approved Rs. 60 crore for Dakshina Kannada under the Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana for rural power supply.
Mr. Moily told presspersons at Patrika Bhawan that the scheme was aimed at providing electricity and creating infrastructure for supplying power in rural areas. It was for the first time funds had been approved for Dakshina Kannada under the scheme.
Mr. Moily said the Centre would accord international status to Mangalore Airport before this December 21. The airport would complete 60 years on December 21, 2011. It was a matter of time. The international status would be accorded in a few days, he said.
The airport was now "domestic customs airport" having international flight operations to West Asia. At present, the airport had been permitted to handle only bags and baggage.
The Minister said the Udupi Thermal Power Corporation Ltd. (UPCL) near Padubidri had the capacity to generate 1,500 MW of power. It was not being operated to its full capacity because there were no power transmission lines. The State Government should take steps for laying transmission lines.
Mr. Moily reiterated that the State Government should re-consider its decision of de-notifying 1,998 acres of land for the second phase of Mangalore Special Economic Zone Project. He said only a few section of land holders were not willing to part with their land for the project and a majority of farmers were willing to give up their land for the project.
The Minister said it was the "number one" project of the State and Rs. 46,000 crore had been invested in the project.
He said it would generate employment opportunities for two lakh people.
Referring to the New Mangalore Port, the Minister said a container cargo handling facility would be created at the port.
Road repair
He said Shiradi Ghat on the National Highway 48 required Rs. 5 crore for repairs. Either the State Government or the Centre should bear it.
To a question, he said there was no question of "diverting" the Netravathi and it was only "lifting" water from Yettinahole for the parched districts in central Karnataka.
Keywords: Mangalore Airport, international status


text:
Top Schools for Counseling and Guidance
Find information about the top schools for counseling and guidance, through which students learn how to help children and adults cope with problems and develop life skills. Read about the degree options at three leading institutions, as well as an overview of other schools in the U.S. that offer training for counselors.
School Information
In most circumstances, counselors need a license before they can provide professional services in community settings or schools. Licensing requirements typically include completion of a master's degree program in counseling, school psychology or a closely related field, which can be found at the three high-ranking national universities highlighted below.
Top U.S. Schools with Counseling and Guidance Programs
1. College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, VA
The College of William and Mary ranked 33rd on the U.S. News & World Report list of top national universities in 2012, as well as 18th for student counseling and personnel services in 2011. The School of Education at this public research university offers a 3-year master's degree program in school psychology, as well as a 2-year master's program in counseling. The counseling program includes concentrations in community, marriage and school counseling; students also participate in an internship. Graduate students can also pursue a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Counselor Education.
2. Pennsylvania State University in University Park, PA
U.S. News & World Report ranked Pennsylvania State University fourth for rehabilitation counseling programs and fifth for counseling and personnel services in 2011. Through the Department of Educational Psychology, Counseling and Special Education, students can earn a master's degree in elementary or secondary school counseling; master's degree programs in career, mental health or rehabilitation counseling are also available. In addition to completing clinical experiences, students in the rehabilitation counseling program examine concepts in chronic illness, mental health, service delivery and clinical assessment. Penn State also offers master's and Ph.D. programs in counselor education.
3. University of Wisconsin in Madison, WI
U.S News & World Report ranked the University of Wisconsin tenth among the country's public schools and 42nd among national universities in 2012. The University of Wisconsin offers a terminal Master of Science in Counseling program, through which students explore multicultural counseling, consultation and professional behavior. Graduate programs also include a Ph.D. in Counseling Psychology, which is accredited by the American Psychological Association. Additionally, the university's School of Education features a counseling psychology training clinic, which supports faculty research and offers psychology and mental health services to clients.
List of Ten Good Counseling and Guidance Programs
|School Name
|College of William and Mary
|School counseling program allows students to begin working in schools during their first semester
|Williamsburg, VA
|George Washington University
|Master's degree in rehabilitation counseling offered entirely online
|Washington, D.C.
|Ohio State University
|Master's degree program offers tracks in clinical or school counseling
|Columbus, OH
|Pennsylvania State University
|Students in the rehabilitation counseling program can specialize in addictions or psychiatric rehabilitation
|University Park, PA
|University of Florida
|Ranked second by U.S. News & World Report for its student counseling and personnel services programs in 2011
|Gainesville, FL
|University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
|Students in the counseling program must complete a 1-year internship before pursuing a doctoral degree
|Champaign, IL
|University of Iowa
|Ranked second for rehabilitation counseling by U.S. News & World Report in 2011
|Iowa City, IA
|University of Maryland
|Offers undergraduate, graduate certificate, master's and doctoral programs through its Department of Counseling and Personnel Services
|College Park, MD
|University of North Carolina
|Division of Rehabilitation Counseling and Psychology offers student research projects, such as the Older Workers with Disabilities Pilot Project
|Chapel Hill, NC
|University of Wisconsin - Madison
|Ranked first for rehabilitation counseling and sixth for student counseling and personnel services by U.S. News & World Report in 2011
|Madison, WI
Related to Top Schools for Counseling and Guidance
- Related
- Recently Updated
- Popular
College Counseling Certificate and Certification Program Information
Research certificate programs in college counseling. Get information about courses, licensure and salary information to make an...
How to Become a Counseling Psychologist: Education and Career Roadmap
Learn how to become a counseling psychologist. Research the education requirements, training and licensure information and...
Family Counseling Certification and Certificate Programs
Learn about certification in family counseling. Read about certificate programs, research educational requirements, explore...
Grief Counseling Certification and Certificate Program Info
Explore certificate programs and certification options for those who aspire to careers in grief counseling. Read on for info...
PTSD Counseling Certificate Program Information
- College Counselor: Job Info & Career Requirements
- List of Free Online Christian Counseling Courses
- Online Substance Abuse Counseling Certificates and Certifications
- Food Marketing Major: Information and Requirements
- PhD in Asian Studies: Degree Program Summary
- Bachelor of Management Studies: Program and Course Information
- Associate of Microcomputer Applications: Degree Overview

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Since April, thousands of Tunisian soldiers have been deployed to the Chaambi range bordering Algeria in an operation to flush out al Qaeda-linked militants seeking refuge there, some since fleeing French intervention in Mali last year.
During the latest attack on Wednesday night, militants with rocket-propelled grenades and rifles ambushed checkpoints the military had set up to try to take control of the Chaambi region.
The gunmen attacked as the soldiers were breaking their fast for the evening during Ramadan and more than 20 soldiers were wounded.
Tunisia has struggled with the rise of radical Islamist militants since a 2011 popular revolt ended the rule of autocrat Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali and began its fragile steps towards democracy in the country.


text:
Upcoming Events and Important Dates
Senior Banquet
Wednesday, May 27, 2015 - 7:00pm
GSSM honors the Class of 2015 seniors during this annual event.Read more
Class of 2015 Graduation
Saturday, May 30, 2015 - 11:00am
Congratulations, Graduates!Read more
CREATEng Summer Camps
Monday, June 8, 2015 - 8:30am to Thursday, July 30, 2015 - 4:00pm
Sign up today for GSSM's CREATEng, an engineering and design-thinking camp for rising 8th and 9th graders in Aiken, the Upstate, the Lowcountry and Orangeburg!Read more
GoSciTech Residential Summer Camp
Sunday, June 14, 2015 - 11:45am to Saturday, July 18, 2015 - 2:00pm
GSSM's annual, residential summer camp, GoSciTech, has something for everyone! Stay on our campus for up to four weeks, explore your favorite STEM course and live like a Govie!Read more
iTEAMS Xtreme Summer Camps
Monday, June 15, 2015 - 8:30am to Thursday, July 30, 2015 - 2:30pm
In June and July, GSSM will bring iTEAMS Xtreme, a computer science, technology and entrepreneurship day camp, to rising 7th & 8th graders in 13 counties across the state. Apply today!Read more


text:
Bert In Space
500,000 - 1,000,000 downloads
- Good storyline and graphics
- Addictive
- Exciting gameplay
- Short
+ By PlayScape
"Little Bert got lost..."
Reviewed by Anna Grace / Aug 29, 2012
Help Bertinator save the world and get rid of the evil aliens
Little Bert lost his parents on his way to a family vacation and found himself surrounded by dangerous aliens who wanted to capture him. Then, he discovered a cool robot with special powers and he turned himself into the Bertinator. You need to help Bert destroy the creepy aliens by shooting and blowing them away.
Use the joystick to move and jump, double tap to dash, hold up to glide, tap on fire. There are 4 enemy types and 20 levels available, which makes the game pretty short, to be honest. The graphics are engaging and with an appropriate theme, but once you learn how to play and get familiar with the controls and the main character, the levels end.
The storyline that tells the app is interesting and the game is really fun and really addictive: people who have played already say it. The joystick control could be a bit better but it's not bad, either.
MoMinis has developed Bert In Space and other very good games for Android. Check it out and see if the others are also good for you. Recommended action game for almost everyone: cool graphics and exciting gameplay.
Little Bert was on his way to a family vacation with his parents. All giddy and happy he could not have expected the terrible turn of events! In the chaos of a space terminal little Bert lost his parents…and was left all alone…
Poor Bert found himself surrounded by dangerous aliens like nasty bouncers and vicious marine walkers who spit goo and won't stop until Bert is captured! His life was in danger!!! Luckily enough brave Bert discovered a shiny and cool robot suit with special powers, he just had to hop into it, and voila! A new space fighter is born, the Bertinator!
The big question is – do you have what it takes to be a space fighter? Can you help Bert destroy these creepy creatures? Shoot them up, blow them away and make the galaxy safe again…
How to play
- Use the joystick to move around and jump
- Double tap a direction to dash
- Hold up to glide
- Tap on the fire button to shoot
- Tap the fire button while jumping to shoot and fire at the same time
- 4 enemy types (Bouncer, Splitter, Walker, Marine Walker)
- 20 different cool levels
- 20 challenging missions awarding you with additional coins
- Stars system to make the game more interesting
- Innovative Combo system
General enhancements
How to shoot with skill? Simply jump and press to kill!
- You can kill enemies by pressing the fire button.
- You can also kill enemies when you are jumping in the air! All you need to do is jump (press up) and press the fire button at the same time!
Try it out and become the best Bertinator!
Some lists where this application appears: Reviewed by Anna Grace.
Great android app!
You Can Downliad Android game apk to your computer from:
just not worth it
Its a fun game..it is really an exciting and interesting game!!!
A few intrusive ads but it's a pretty decent game overall . I would definitely recommend it, my 5,6, and7 year old nephews are always stealin my phone to play it


text:
The Contact Heat Evoked Potential Stimulator (CHEPS) utilises rapidly delivered heat pulses with adjustable peak temperatures to stimulate the differential warm/heat thresholds of receptors expressed by Aδ and C fibres. The resulting evoked potentials can be recorded and measured, providing a useful clinical tool for the study of thermal and nociceptive pathways. Concurrent recording of contact heat evoked potentials using electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has not previously been reported with CHEPS. Developing simultaneous EEG and fMRI with CHEPS is highly desirable, as it provides an opportunity to exploit the high temporal resolution of EEG and the high spatial resolution of fMRI to study the reaction of the human brain to thermal and nociceptive stimuli.
In this study we have recorded evoked potentials stimulated by 51°C contact heat pulses from CHEPS using EEG, under normal conditions (baseline), and during continuous and simultaneous acquisition of fMRI images in ten healthy volunteers, during two sessions. The pain evoked by CHEPS was recorded on a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).
Analysis of EEG data revealed that the latencies and amplitudes of evoked potentials recorded during continuous fMRI did not differ significantly from baseline recordings. fMRI results were consistent with previous thermal pain studies, and showed Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) changes in the insula, post-central gyrus, supplementary motor area (SMA), middle cingulate cortex and pre-central gyrus. There was a significant positive correlation between the evoked potential amplitude (EEG) and the psychophysical perception of pain on the VAS.
The results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of recording contact heat evoked potentials with EEG during continuous and simultaneous fMRI. The combined use of the two methods can lead to identification of distinct patterns of brain activity indicative of pain and pro-nociceptive sensitisation in healthy subjects and chronic pain patients. Further studies are required for the technique to progress as a useful tool in clinical trials of novel analgesics.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has developed into a tool that is extensively used in non-invasive brain imaging. It provides information about cerebro-vascular activity throughout the whole brain with excellent spatial localisation, yet it is limited by the poor temporal resolution it offers, which is in the order of seconds. On the other hand, electroencephalogram (EEG) is recorded directly from the scalp of the subject and can provide information about neurophysiological activity with a very precise temporal resolution, in the order of milliseconds. The disadvantage of EEG however, is that localisation of the source of electrical activity within the brain is quite difficult.
Therefore the integration of these two techniques is highly desirable, and would allow the exploitation of the advantages of both techniques – high spatial resolution of fMRI and high temporal resolution of EEG. The technique would be widely applicable in all areas of neurophysiological research, but particularly in pain studies, where combined use of the two techniques could lead to the identification of distinct patterns of brain activity indicative of pain and pro-nociceptive sensitisation in healthy subjects and chronic pain patients. These patterns could prove useful in the assessment of the analgesic efficacy of novel analgesic compounds, adding to the desirability of co-registration of pain evoked potentials (such as those stimulated by contact heat) with EEG and fMRI.
Objective markers of pain could be less variable and/or more sensitive to analgesic treatments (i.e. EPs, fMRI). The present study enables the use of these markers to simultaneously assess pharmacodynamic-pharmacokinetic relationships and antihyperalgesic activity in single dose studies in experimental pain models in humans, and in pain patients (e.g. of novel agents that block TRPV1, the heat and capsaicin receptor). Pain biomarkers are needed to provide early pivotal information on efficacy, dose-response and time-course of TRPV1 antagonists, for strategic rapid and cost-effective drug development. Further, neuropathic pain patients would be expected to have reduced pain-evoked potential amplitudes but increased fMRI activation, different from volunteer or inflammatory models/conditions.
The use of simultaneous EEG and fMRI in pharmacological studies of novel analgesics would allow (i) measurement of the combined response to the same pharmacological intervention when the plasma concentration of the analgesic is at its peak (i.e. at the same time-course); (ii) recordings can be analysed at the single subject level, reducing inter-session variability, which is well recognised with regard to pain scores, and (iii) selection of the parameter which enables possible reduction in dose in clinical trials.
Simultaneous EEG and fMRI has already been utilised in studies of epilepsy [1], sleep [2], studies of human alpha activity [3,4] and the study of auditory [5,6], visual [7,8], and motor activity [9]. In the field of pain research, laser and electrically stimulated pain evoked potentials have been successfully co-registered using EEG and fMRI [10,11], but CHEPS has the advantages of a larger area of stimulation, the ability to apply repetitive stimuli to the same cutaneous area without inducing erythema, and simplicity of use in the clinic (i.e. no eye protection required, easy to move location); however, one disadvantage of CHEPS is that in order to avoid habituation the thermode must be physically moved between stimuli.
Simultaneous EEG/fMRI is a readily feasible application yet the MR environment poses a number of technical challenges, limitations and safety issues (for a review of technical and safety issues see [12,13]). The gradient switching fields and radiofrequency (RF) pulses of the MR scanner can create currents in conducting loops that can potentially cause heating of the electrodes and burns at the point of contact with the scalp of the subject. Therefore it is recommended to avoid loops and crossing over of electrode wires, and introduce current limiting resistors to electrode wires.
The gradient fields and RF pulses of the MR scanner can lead to artefacts that can obscure the signal recorded from the EEG, as can movements within the static magnetic field; movement of the head, talking, swallowing and even the pulsatile motion of the heart (ballistocardiogram artefact). The magnet's helium cold pump and gradient coils also produce mechanical vibrations that can be picked up by the EEG wires in the static magnetic field and converted to electrical noise. All these issues need to be addressed and overcome during experimental set-up and processing of EEG and fMRI data, in terms of patient safety and also preserving the quality of the data collected.
Until recently, quantifiable contact heat evoked potentials in EEG had been hard to elicit, due to technical limitations i.e. slow temperature rise and fall times. However, the contact heat evoked potential stimulator (CHEPS) has been designed with a maximum (adjustable) temperature rise time of 70°C/s. CHEPS can stimulate the differential thermal thresholds of receptors innervated by Aδ and C nociceptive nerve fibres, and has been shown to selectively excite these fibre subtypes in human hairy and glabrous skin [14]. The latencies and amplitudes of heat evoked Aδ potentials stimulated by CHEPS have been shown to be robust and reproducible [15,16], despite the disadvantage posed by the slow temperature rise time of the heat stimuli produced by CHEPS (70°C/s compared to a rise time of greater than 1000°C/s reported with lasers) which may lead to a reduction in temporal summation and thus a less synchronous afferent volley [17].
The compatibility of CHEPS with fMRI further widens its scope of application both in healthy volunteers for research purposes and in chronic pain patients. Reproducibility of blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) responses and pain scores to CHEPS stimulation have already been illustrated in healthy volunteers [18].
In this human volunteer study we have assessed the feasibility of monitoring contact heat evoked Aδ potentials with simultaneous EEG and fMRI, and determined their relationship to the ratings of evoked pain.
Ten healthy volunteers were recruited to take part in this feasibility study (6 female, 4 male). The average age of participants was 27.7 years (range 22 – 35 years). Informed consent was taken from all subjects prior to commencement of the study and the study itself was approved by Hammersmith and Queen Charlotte's & Chelsea Research Ethics Committee (REC reference 06/Q0404/9).
Heat stimuli
Contact heat stimulation was performed using CHEPS (Medoc Ltd, Ramat Yishai, Israel) with a thermode area of 572.5 mm2, and a heating thermo-foil (Minco Products, Inc., Minneapolis, MN) covered with a 25 μm layer of thermo conductive plastic (Kapton®, thermal conductivity at 23°C of 0.1 – 0.35 W/m/K). The thermode heating rate was up to 70°C/s, the cooling rate up to 40°C/s and the baseline temperature was 32°C.
Experimental setup
Baseline protocol
Baseline recording of evoked potentials was undertaken with the subject lying on the scanner table (outside the magnet) without any scanning taking place. Ten 51°C stimuli of approximately 800 ms duration (approximately 271 ms to reach peak temperature of 51°C and approximately 475 ms to return to baseline [total 746 ms]) and 7 s inter-stimulus interval were applied to the left volar forearm of the subject, and the thermode moved after each stimulus to avoid habituation.
fMRI protocol
An event-related protocol was used during continuous fMRI acquisition. The protocol consisted of thirty-two 51°C stimuli of approximately 800 ms duration, where the inter-stimulus interval varied between 8 and 32 s. Stimuli were again applied to the left volar forearm, and the thermode moved after each stimulus (Figure 1). A well recognized adverse feature of CHEPS is that placement of the thermode on the skin can cause concomitant activation of mechanoreceptors in the skin. Movement of the thermode after each heat pulse was deemed necessary in order to prevent habituation of the subjects to the stimulus [19], however as this is not synchronised with the paradigm we do not anticipate that it will result in any BOLD response.
Figure 1. Event related paradigm. The protocol during continuous fMRI acquisition consisted of thirty-two 51°C stimuli (from a baseline of 32°C) of approximately 800 ms duration. The inter-stimulus interval varied between 8 and 32 s.
Baseline and fMRI protocols were repeated on two occasions on all subjects to assess reproducibility.
Pain ratings
After completion of baseline and fMRI protocols, subjects were asked to rate the pain of contact heat stimulation by CHEPS on a visual analogue scale (VAS), by placing a mark on a line 10 cm in length that was graded from 0 to 10, 0 being not painful at all, and 10 being the worst pain imaginable. The distance of the mark from 0 (in cm) was measured and noted as the pain score.
Electroencephalogram (EEG) recording
EEG was acquired from a 32 electrode cap using MRI compatible equipment (BrainCap MR, BrainAmp MR Plus 32 Amplifier, BrainProducts GmbH, Munich, Germany) with the subject relaxed and eyes opened. Electrodes were contacted with Abralyt 2000 electrode gel and impedance maintained below 5 k Ω (when the value of the 5 k Ω current limiting safety resistors [in place as standard on each electrode lead, close to the electrode itself] was subtracted). The data was acquired in a mono-polar fashion, which avoids the disadvantages of average reference recordings and allows for re-montaging of data after acquisition. The reference electrode was located in the FCz position, and the ground electrode in the Iz position. Vertical electro-oculogram (EOG) and electro-cardiogram (ECG) were monitored to allow exclusion of traces contaminated by eye blinks and to enable pulse artefact subtraction. EEG signals were digitised and transmitted to acquisition equipment outside the scanner room by optical fibre. For the baseline recording (outside the scanner) a sampling rate of 250 Hz was applied, and for fMRI recording (inside the scanner) a sampling rate of 5000 Hz was applied. Online low and high pass filters (10 s and 250 Hz respectively) were also applied to the EEG data recorded during baseline and fMRI protocols. CHEPS stimulation and scan events were registered on a trigger channel connected to the acquisition equipment.
EEG data was analysed using a dedicated software package (BrainVision Analyser Version 1.05.0002, BrainProducts GmbH, Munich, Germany). The baseline EEG data was filtered (low pass 0.5305 Hz, high pass 40 Hz), segmented around the trigger input from CHEPS, corrected for blinks using the Gratton and Coles correction algorithm, averaged (10 segments), and re-referenced to an average reference. A baseline correction was applied from -200 to 0 ms pre-stimulus.
The EEG data recorded during fMRI was corrected for scan artefacts using an MRI correction solution provided with the analysis software, using subtraction algorithms based on methods originally developed by Allen and colleagues [20]. Scan start points were detected and marked (using average gradient and criterion for continuous scans) and corrected (using template drift correction). Pulse artefacts were also removed using a solution provided with the analysis software (correction by R peaks – demeaned amplitude algorithm used for R peak detection). Independent component analysis (ICA) was carried out on all data sets, and trials contaminated by subject movement or ocular artefacts were identified visually and removed in the ICA back transform. The data was segmented, averaged (33 segments), re-referenced and a baseline correction applied (as above for the baseline recorded data).
All EEG data is reported from the Cz electrode, with an average reference. The latency of heat evoked Aδ potentials was measured from the first definitive negative peak (N2) and the amplitude measured peak to peak – N2 to P2 (the N2 to P2 component was defined as the peak within a time window of 250 – 550 ms).
Graphs were created and statistical tests performed on EEG data using GraphPad Prism (Version 3.02 for Windows, GraphPad Software, San Diego California USA).
fMRI acquisition
In each scanning session, 275 fMRI scans were acquired on a 1.5 T Siemens Avanto magnetic resonance scanner (Siemens Medical Systems, Erlangen, Germany) with a standard head array coil. 19 slices parallel to the anterior commisure and the posterior commisure (AC/PC line) were acquired using a gradient echo EPI (Echo Planar Imaging) sequence (Repetition time/Echo time (TR/TE) = 2.3 s/53 ms, flip angle = 90°, field-of-view (FOV) = 23 cm, matrix = 64 × 64, voxel size = 3.6 mm × 3.6 mm × 5 mm). A high resolution T1-MP-RAGE anatomical scan was also obtained (TR/TE = 11 ms/5.2 ms, flip angle = 15°, FOV = 23 cm, matrix = 256 × 256, voxel size = 0.9 mm × 0.9 mm × 1 mm).
To achieve synchronization, the trigger output of the scanner was used to initialize the fMRI paradigm and triggers from CHEPS stimulation and the scanner were recorded together with the EEG signals.
fMRI processing
Processing of fMRI images was performed using SPM5 (Functional Imaging Laboratory, London, UK). Due to T1 saturation effects, the first 5 volumes of each acquisition were discarded, leaving 270 volumes. Each dataset was realigned to correct for any motion during the acquisition, time corrected due to differences in image acquisition time between slices, followed by normalisation to transform the data to match the SPM template. The template images supplied with SPM conform to the space defined by the ICBM, NIH P-20 project, and approximate that of the space described in the atlas of [21]. Finally, images were smoothed using an isotropic Gaussian Kernel (8 mm full-width-at-half-maximum).
Statistical analysis was based on the General Linear Model (GLM). For within subject analysis the scanning paradigm was specified in SPM and a first level model estimation was performed. The event responses were modelled onto a design matrix by specifying their onset times and their duration. For the group analysis of the ten subjects, a canonical, random effects model (RFX) was used to make a population inference (corrected p < 0.05). Spatial extend thresholding (voxel threshold = 135 mm3) was carried out to exclude isolated voxels or small groups and only show clusters of activation. An average brain, representative of all 10 subjects was determined by averaging the normalised structural brain volumes. Significantly activated regions resulting from the group analysis were superimposed on the average brain. The location of the activated regions was assessed using SPM Anatomy toolbox.
To assess correlation between fMRI activation and evoked potential amplitude (or VAS scores), values collected for each subject were entered as covariates using simple regression analysis in SPM5.
Contact heat evoked potentials
Evoked potentials were successfully recorded using EEG in all subjects during baseline recordings and nine subjects during fMRI acquisition (the data of one subject could not be used due to technical problems). The waveform recorded was similar in both protocols (Figure 2a, b).
Figure 2. Evoked potential waveforms. (a) Evoked potentials recorded during baseline (black traces) and fMRI (red traces) protocols in subject # 5. (b) Evoked potentials (grand average for all subjects) recorded at baseline (1 plus 2) (black trace) and during fMRI (1 plus 2) protocols (red trace). The deflections on the trace occurring at 0 and 250 ms are artefacts produced by the stimulator.
The average evoked potential latencies for the first baseline protocol were (mean ± SEM) N2: 0.316 ± 0.009 s, P2: 0.429 ± 0.015 s, and for the second baseline protocol repeated on a separate occasion were N2: 0.322 ± 0.010 s, P2: 0.432 ± 0.013 s. The latencies for the first fMRI protocol were N2: 0.314 ± 0.008 s, P2 0.446 ± 0.017 s, and for the second, N2: 0.317 ± 0.009 s, P2: 0.443 ± 0.015 s. These latencies were approximately 0.100 s longer than those reported in LEP studies, and this is most likely due to the slower temperature rise time of CHEPS (and thus longer stimulus duration) in comparison to laser stimuli, which may lead to slower activation of nociceptors and a reduction of temporal summation [17,22].
The average amplitudes for baseline protocols 1 and 2 were 24.01 ± 2.95 μV and 25.82 ± 3.30 μV respectively. The amplitudes for fMRI protocols were 24.87 ± 3.73 μV for fMRI 1 and 24.14 ± 4.26 μV for fMRI 2. Comparisons of evoked potential latencies and amplitudes revealed no significant differences between the two baseline and fMRI sessions (Figure 3).
Figure 3. Latency and amplitude of evoked potentials in baseline and fMRI protocols. Graphical representation of the N2 and P2 latencies (s) and amplitudes (μV) recorded in the two separate baseline and fMRI sessions. There were no differences in either parameter when recorded under baseline conditions or during continuous fMRI.
Comparisons of pooled baseline and fMRI protocol data did not reveal any difference between latencies and amplitudes (Table 1). There was also no difference in the baseline to peak amplitudes of the baseline and fMRI data (N2 baseline vs. fMRI p = 0.3748; P2 baseline vs. fMRI p = 0.4456).
Table 1. Evoked potentials and pain scores recorded during baseline and fMRI protocols in healthy volunteers.
Differences in overall averages for evoked responses were noted between males and females, with evoked potentials recorded from females having a faster latency (F 0.302 ± 0.004 s vs. M 0.345 ± 0.009 s, p = 0.0003) and a larger amplitude (F 27.62 ± 2.87 μV vs. M 18.47 ± 1.78 μV, p = 0.0286).
No significant correlation between subject age and overall evoked potential latency or amplitude was observed (rs = 0.2298, p = 0.2567; rs = 0.1043, p = 0.3925 respectively).
Group analysis of fMRI data for all ten subjects, collected continuously throughout the fMRI protocol and CHEPS recording revealed areas of Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) activation upon CHEPS stimulation bilaterally in the insula, post-central gyrus, and SMA, and contralateral to the site of stimulation (i.e. right) in the middle cingulate cortex and pre-central gyrus (Figure 4, Table 2).
Table 2. Areas of BOLD fMRI activation after stimulation using CHEPS.
Figure 4. BOLD fMRI activation during simultaneous EEG. Noxious heat stimuli at 51°C caused BOLD fMRI responses bilaterally in the insula, post-central gyrus, and SMA and contralateral to the site of stimulation in the middle cingulate cortex and pre-central gyrus. Random effect group analysis results (p < 0.05 corrected) are displayed on structural images in neurological convention.
FMRI responses to CHEPS heat stimulation are reproducible across multiple sessions and this is demonstrated in Figure 5 showing group results of each session
Figure 5. Reproducibility of fMRI activation over two sessions. Group results from each fMRI session are superimposed on the average high resolution structural scan. Session 1 is shown in RED, session 2 in BLUE and areas that overlap in PURPLE. There is an overlap in the insula, post-central and pre-central gyrus.
Although the thermode was moved randomly, it is possible that there could be some contribution of the touch sensation to the measured BOLD response. To avoid this, the movement of the thermode should be modelled as a nuisance covariate in future experiments.
Pain ratings
Stimulation at 51°C with the CHEPS probe elicited a painful sensation in all ten subjects. There was no significant difference between reported VAS ratings for baseline and fMRI protocols (Table 1).
Female subjects were noted to have a significantly higher VAS than males for CHEPS stimulation (p = 0.0416). No correlation between age and average reported VAS was observed (rs = 0.1534, p = 0.3410).
Correlation of evoked potential amplitude with VAS (for all data, baseline and fMRI protocols repeated twice) revealed a significant, positive relationship, rs = 0.5956, p < 0.0001 (Figure 6a). A significant, positive correlation was also seen when the baseline and fMRI data was pooled to give an overall evoked potential amplitude and VAS score for each of the ten subjects, rs = 0.7697, p = 0.0063 (Figure 6b).
Figure 6. Correlation between evoked potential amplitude and pain score. (a) Correlation of amplitude and pain score data for all baseline and fMRI sessions (n = 40) revealed a significant positive relationship (rs = 0.5956, p < 0.0001). (b) A significant, positive correlation (rs = 0.7697, p = 0.0063) was also seen when the baseline and fMRI data was pooled to give an overall evoked potential amplitude and VAS score for each subject (n = 10).
The regression analysis in SPM showed no correlation between BOLD signal and evoked potential amplitudes or VAS scores.
In this study we have demonstrated that it is feasible to record brain activity in response to noxious thermal stimulation (51°C contact heat) with CHEPS, using simultaneous EEG and fMRI. The EEG recorded during fMRI acquisition was unaffected by the additional processing steps required to remove MRI related artefacts. These artefacts can contaminate the raw data and their removal can compromise the quality of the EEG signal. However, our simultaneously acquired EEG revealed heat evoked Aδ potentials that were reproducible across the two separate fMRI sessions. Although the aim of this feasibility study was not to directly compare the measurements inside and outside the scanner, the amplitudes and latencies recorded inside the scanner were consistent with those recorded in two baseline (control) sessions (Figure 3, Table 1), suggesting there was no signal degradation or reduction of signal to noise ratio caused by conditions in the MRI environment or additional processing requirements. This is in agreement with a similar study using laser-evoked pain conducted by Iannetti and colleagues in 2005, which also showed no variation in amplitude or latency of Aδ evoked potentials inside and outside the scanner. A study of auditory evoked potentials with concurrent fMRI has shown a difference in the latency and amplitude of the N1 component of the event related potential, with longer latencies and higher amplitudes recorded outside the scanner, however no difference in latency or amplitude of the P300 component of the response [5].
To avoid MRI induced artefacts contaminating EEG data, some groups have recorded EEG and fMRI separately [23], or employed an "interleaved" approach, where EEG is recorded during gaps in fMRI image acquisition to avoid artefacts in the EEG data, or short "burst" or "sparse" fMRI protocols are used, avoiding EEG data collection during image acquisition [11,20,24-28]. Despite avoiding most of the technical issues of using truly simultaneous EEG and fMRI, these interleaved protocols have theoretical drawbacks – the two methods are not monitoring the same neurophysiological event when they are recorded separately from one another, which is a disadvantage when the brain activity being studied is in any way unpredictable (such as spike activity in epilepsy, or sleep studies) or changeable (effects of habituation or learning).
Our contact heat evoked potential data has also highlighted a possible gender related difference in the latencies and amplitudes of responses – with female volunteers exhibiting an earlier latency and larger amplitude of response than male volunteers, and also a higher reported VAS score after CHEPS stimulation, an effect that has previously been noted [29]. However, in contrast to this study (which was also conducted in volunteers), there is no effect of subject age upon the latency and amplitude of evoked responses in our data set, or the VAS reported after contact heat stimulation. This may be due to the limited age range in our study, or the small number of subjects recruited. If the number of subjects was increased and the age range broadened, then an age dependent effect may be observed.
Prior to scanning volunteers we used phantom QA tests to assess whether the EEG recording equipment and the CHEPS stimulation device affected the quality of the fMRI images. This included signal-to-noise, ghosting measurements and visual inspection of any artefacts. Our results showed that the fMRI images acquired alongside evoked potential recordings were unaffected by the simultaneous EEG acquisition, and were not impaired by the presence of the EEG recording and CHEPS equipment inside the scanner.
The results we obtained agree with previously published data showing patterns of brain activation after nociceptive and noxious thermal stimulation [10,11,18,30-34], with BOLD changes apparent in the insula, post-central gyrus, SMA, middle cingulate cortex and pre-central gyrus (Figure 4). Cooling of the CHEPS thermode back to baseline temperature will activate cool sensitive-fibres and this could potentially affect the BOLD response; however, the fMRI changes we observed were similar to those obtained with other methods of stimulation with noxious stimuli (these would be primarily related to the initial upstroke of the heat stimulus).
In accord with other studies of pain-evoked potentials, our data has revealed a significant positive correlation between evoked potential amplitude and reported pain scores or pain intensity [15,29,32,35,36] (Figure 6a, b). However, this simple positive relationship with subjective pain scores was not present in the fMRI signal change data, even when regions of interest were analysed separately. This is unlike a recent study of painful electrical stimulation, which showed a positive correlation between stimulus correlated BOLD responses in a network of cortical and cerebellar areas and reported pain intensity [11], and other studies using fMRI that have shown signal changes to correlate with pain intensity, or subjective experience of pain [37,38]. However these studies have either grouped subjects according to their sensitivity to heat stimuli [38], set stimuli according to individual thresholds [11], or used various stimulus intensities [37]. Our fMRI protocol used a stimulus at only one intensity for all subjects in the study, which may explain why no correlation with pain scores could be seen in our fMRI data. In protocols that lead on from this feasibility study stimuli at or just above the pain threshold for each individual will be used. While correlations were made with VAS scores as they are widely used in clinical trials of analgesics, these must be regarded with caution, as VAS scores are ordinal and not linear measures of pain perception – further studies and analyses using an interval scale (Rasch model) would be of interest [39]).
This study demonstrates the feasibility of recording contact heat evoked potentials with simultaneous EEG and fMRI. Evoked potentials monitored inside the MRI scanner were similar to those recorded under baseline conditions and were highly reproducible on two occasions. We have also demonstrated a linear relationship between evoked potential amplitude and VAS score, as shown in previous volunteer studies. fMRI group analysis showed BOLD activation in areas shown to be associated with nociception in previous publications, but there was no simple correlation of regional fMRI signal changes with individual pain scores – suggesting changes in BOLD signal may reflect later processing in cerebral pathways rather than encoding pain intensity in a linear fashion. Further studies are in progress to demonstrate that simultaneous CHEPS-evoked potentials and fMRI is a useful tool in clinical trials of novel analgesics.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
KR was involved in setting up and carrying out the study, data analysis and writing the manuscript. AP was involved in setting up and carrying out the study, data analysis and writing the manuscript. CG was involved in carrying out the study and data analysis. MT was involved in setting up and carrying out the study and data analysis. DA was involved in setting up the study. RS was involved in carrying out the study. DM helped conceive the study and participated in its design and co-ordination, interpretation, and completion of the manuscript. PA conceived the study and participated in its design and co-ordination, interpretation, and completion of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
The authors would like to thank the BBSRC and also GlaxoSmithKline PLC for financial assistance, and in particular Dr Boris Chizh, Dr Zahid Ali, and Dr David Stephens of GlaxoSmithKline for helpful discussions.
Stern JM: Simultaneous electroencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging applied to epilepsy.
Epilepsy Behav 2006, 8(4):683-692. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Czisch M, Wetter TC, Kaufmann C, Pollmacher T, Holsboer F, Auer DP: Altered processing of acoustic stimuli during sleep: reduced auditory activation and visual deactivation detected by a combined fMRI/EEG study.
Neuroimage 2002, 16(1):251-258. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Goncalves SI, de Munck JC, Pouwels PJ, Schoonhoven R, Kuijer JP, Maurits NM, Hoogduin JM, Van Someren EJ, Heethaar RM, Lopes da Silva FH: Correlating the alpha rhythm to BOLD using simultaneous EEG/fMRI: inter-subject variability.
Neuroimage 2006, 30(1):203-213. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Laufs H, Kleinschmidt A, Beyerle A, Eger E, Salek-Haddadi A, Preibisch C, Krakow K: EEG-correlated fMRI of human alpha activity.
Neuroimage 2003, 19(4):1463-1476. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Mulert C, Jager L, Schmitt R, Bussfeld P, Pogarell O, Moller HJ, Juckel G, Hegerl U: Integration of fMRI and simultaneous EEG: towards a comprehensive understanding of localization and time-course of brain activity in target detection.
Neuroimage 2004, 22(1):83-94. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Scarff CJ, Reynolds A, Goodyear BG, Ponton CW, Dort JC, Eggermont JJ: Simultaneous 3-T fMRI and high-density recording of human auditory evoked potentials.
Neuroimage 2004, 23(3):1129-1142. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Comi E, Annovazzi P, Silva AM, Cursi M, Blasi V, Cadioli M, Inuggi A, Falini A, Comi G, Leocani L: Visual evoked potentials may be recorded simultaneously with fMRI scanning: A validation study.
Hum Brain Mapp 2005, 24(4):291-298. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Henning S, Merboldt KD, Frahm J: Simultaneous recordings of visual evoked potentials and BOLD MRI activations in response to visual motion processing.
NMR Biomed 2005, 18(8):543-552. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Lazeyras F, Zimine I, Blanke O, Perrig SH, Seeck M: Functional MRI with simultaneous EEG recording: feasibility and application to motor and visual activation.
J Magn Reson Imaging 2001, 13(6):943-948. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Iannetti GD, Niazy RK, Wise RG, Jezzard P, Brooks JC, Zambreanu L, Vennart W, Matthews PM, Tracey I: Simultaneous recording of laser-evoked brain potentials and continuous, high-field functional magnetic resonance imaging in humans.
Neuroimage 2005, 28(3):708-719. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Christmann C, Koeppe C, Braus DF, Ruf M, Flor H: A simultaneous EEG-fMRI study of painful electric stimulation.
Neuroimage 2007, 34(4):1428-1437. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Lemieux L, Allen PJ, Franconi F, Symms MR, Fish DR: Recording of EEG during fMRI experiments: patient safety.
Magn Reson Med 1997, 38(6):943-952. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Lemieux L, Allen P, Krakow K, Symms MR, Fish DR: Methodological Issues in EEG-correlated Functional MRI Experiments.
Granovsky Y, Matre D, Sokolik A, Lorenz J, Casey KL: Thermoreceptive innervation of human glabrous and hairy skin: a contact heat evoked potential analysis.
Pain 2005, 115(3):238-247. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Chen AC, Niddam DM, Arendt-Nielsen L: Contact heat evoked potentials as a valid means to study nociceptive pathways in human subjects.
Neurosci Lett 2001, 316(2):79-82. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Le Pera D, Valeriani M, Niddam D, Chen AC, Arendt-Nielsen L: Contact heat evoked potentials to painful and non-painful stimuli: effect of attention towards stimulus properties.
Brain Topogr 2002, 15(2):115-123. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Iannetti GD, Zambreanu L, Tracey I: Similar nociceptive afferents mediate psychophysical and electrophysiological responses to heat stimulation of glabrous and hairy skin in humans.
J Physiol 2006, 577(Pt 1):235-248. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Howard M, Coen S, Buchanan T, Smart T, Gregory S, Williams S, Huggins J, Hanna M: Test-retest Reproducibility of Cerebral and Subjective Responses to Painful and Non-painful Contact-Heat Evoked Potential Stimulation (CHEPS) [abstract].
Eur J Pain 2006, 10(S1):S82. Publisher Full Text
Greffrath W, Baumgartner U, Treede RD: Peripheral and central components of habituation of heat pain perception and evoked potentials in humans.
Pain 2007. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Portas CM, Krakow K, Allen P, Josephs O, Armony JL, Frith CD: Auditory processing across the sleep-wake cycle: simultaneous EEG and fMRI monitoring in humans.
Neuron 2000, 28(3):991-999. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Talairach J, Tournoux P: Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain. Thieme Publishing Group, New York; 1988. PubMed Abstract
Truini A, Galeotti F, Romaniello A, Virtuoso M, Iannetti GD, Cruccu G: Laser-evoked potentials: normative values.
Clin Neurophysiol 2005, 116(4):821-826. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Ball T, Schreiber A, Feige B, Wagner M, Lucking CH, Kristeva-Feige R: The role of higher-order motor areas in voluntary movement as revealed by high-resolution EEG and fMRI.
Neuroimage 1999, 10(6):682-694. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Bonmassar G, Schwartz DP, Liu AK, Kwong KK, Dale AM, Belliveau JW: Spatiotemporal brain imaging of visual-evoked activity using interleaved EEG and fMRI recordings.
Neuroimage 2001, 13(6 Pt 1):1035-1043. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Garreffa G, Bianciardi M, Hagberg GE, Macaluso E, Marciani MG, Maraviglia B, Abbafati M, Carni M, Bruni I, Bianchi L: Simultaneous EEG-fMRI acquisition: how far is it from being a standardized technique?
Magn Reson Imaging 2004, 22(10):1445-1455. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Kruggel F, Herrmann CS, Wiggins CJ, von Cramon DY: Hemodynamic and electroencephalographic responses to illusory figures: recording of the evoked potentials during functional MRI.
Neuroimage 2001, 14(6):1327-1336. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Muller BW, Stude P, Nebel K, Wiese H, Ladd ME, Forsting M, Jueptner M: Sparse imaging of the auditory oddball task with functional MRI.
Neuroreport 2003, 14(12):1597-1601. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Nebel K, Stude P, Wiese H, Muller B, de Greiff A, Forsting M, Diener HC, Keidel M: Sparse imaging and continuous event-related fMRI in the visual domain: a systematic comparison.
Hum Brain Mapp 2005, 24(2):130-143. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Cheng SS, Liu JY, Hsui YR, Chang ST: Chemical polymorphism and antifungal activity of essential oils from leaves of different provenances of indigenous cinnamon (Cinnamomum osmophloeum).
Bioresour Technol 2006, 97(2):306-312. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Peyron R, Laurent B, Garcia-Larrea L: Functional imaging of brain responses to pain. A review and meta-analysis (2000).
Neurophysiol Clin 2000, 30(5):263-288. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Ingvar M: Pain and functional imaging.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1999, 354(1387):1347-1358. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Qiu Y, Noguchi Y, Honda M, Nakata H, Tamura Y, Tanaka S, Sadato N, Wang X, Inui K, Kakigi R: Brain Processing of the Signals Ascending Through Unmyelinated C Fibers in Humans: An Event-Related Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.
Cereb Cortex 2006, 16(9):1289-1295. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Brooks JC, Nurmikko TJ, Bimson WE, Singh KD, Roberts N: fMRI of thermal pain: effects of stimulus laterality and attention.
Neuroimage 2002, 15(2):293-301. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Moulton EA, Keaser ML, Gullapalli RP, Greenspan JD: Regional intensive and temporal patterns of functional MRI activation distinguishing noxious and innocuous contact heat.
J Neurophysiol 2005, 93(4):2183-2193. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Ohara S, Crone NE, Weiss N, Treede RD, Lenz FA: Amplitudes of laser evoked potential recorded from primary somatosensory, parasylvian and medial frontal cortex are graded with stimulus intensity.
Pain 2004, 110(1–2):318-328. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Granovsky Y, Granot M, Nir RR, Yarnitsky D: Objective Correlate of Subjective Pain Perception by Contact Heat-Evoked Potentials.
J Pain 2007. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Bornhovd K, Quante M, Glauche V, Bromm B, Weiller C, Buchel C: Painful stimuli evoke different stimulus-response functions in the amygdala, prefrontal, insula and somatosensory cortex: a single-trial fMRI study.
Brain 2002, 125(Pt 6):1326-1336. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Coghill RC, McHaffie JG, Yen YF: Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain.
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003, 100(14):8538-8542. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Decruynaere C, Thonnard JL, Plaghki L: Measure of experimental pain using Rasch analysis.
Eur J Pain 2007, 11(4):469-474. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Pre-publication history
The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:


text:
Future of the OAS and Inter-American System
Secretary General Soares spoke on the challenges facing the Organization of American States (OAS) and the future of the Inter-American… read more
Secretary General Soares spoke on the challenges facing the Organization of American States (OAS) and the future of the Inter-American system. He described the current state of global affairs as moving from a bi- or multi-polar world, to one where regional alignments and multi-lateral solutions are necessary to solve international problems. The OAS, currently marking the first centennial of the Inter-American system, is concerned with the distinct challenges of political security, economic stability, and human rights in this hemisphere. close
People in this video
- Joao Clemente Baena Soares Secretary-General Organization of American States
- Arturo Valenzuela Director Georgetown University->Center for Latin American Studies
Hosting Organization
Related Video
Inter-American Affairs
Soares discussed the OAS role in inter-American relations and the aftermath of the Panamanian invasion.
Human Rights in Latin America
Mr. Grossman spoke about human rights improvements and abuses in Latin America. Among the topics he addressed…
U.S.-Latin America Relations
Secretary Clinton and senior State Department officials spoke about relations with Latin American countries and the…
Human Rights in Guatemala
A panel of human rights monitors talked about the failure of the Guatemalan government to punish perpetuators of…


text:
Publisher's Description+
Convert your torrents into stand-alone exe files. Just enter a link or a path to a torrent file and obtain an executable file that will automatically download your torrent. No BitTorrent client is needed. You can publish exe files on your site or blog to make the downloads easy for visitors, send exe files to your friends who don't want to be bothered with installing the client, or else, add extra functionality to your torrent-related site. Version 1 includes unspecified updates.
What's new in this version:
Version 1 includes unspecified updates.


text:
Skip to Content
Thank you for contacting the Office of Cultural Affairs and Diversity Initiatives to support your program or activity geared towards advancing diversity and inclusion in the Carver College of Medicine. Your request will be reviewed within 2 weeks of submission.
Should your request be funded, you will be required to submit an evaluation of your program or activity within 30 days. If funds are provided to support professional development, the attendee(s) will be asked to provide an overview of the experience (or give a talk if applicable).
Today's Date: Name: Email: Department:
Date of Proposed Program/Activity/Event: Description of Program/Activity/Event:
Purpose of Program/Activity/Event (select all that apply):
Estimated Number of Attendees or Participants (if applicable): How will this program/activity/event support the goals of the department and the collegiate strategic plan for increasing diversity?
Expected Outcomes: Estimated Total Budget: Requesting Department/Unit Contribution: Funding Requested: How will the money be used?
Additional comments:
Copyright © 2014 The University of Iowa. All Rights Reserved.


text:
75 members2 Comments 2 Likes
7 members2 Comments 1 Like
128 members4 Comments 6 Likes
146 members8 Likes
Loading feed
Jennifer Lentfer has not received any gifts yet
Posted on April 2, 2014 at 5:00am 0 Comments 0 Likes
For the last few years, the US devoted just 0.7 percent of the federal budget to poverty-focused foreign assistance. In FY2014, the US government spent $23.4 billion…Continue
Posted on January 6, 2014 at 4:30am 2 Comments 1 Like
2014 begins a new endeavor - my first foray into teaching. Beginning this week, I'll be leading International Development Communications at Georgetown University's Master of Professional Studies in Public Relations and Corporate Communications program. The class is associated with the Center for Social Impact…Continue
Posted on November 25, 2013 at 6:47am 0 Comments 0 Likes
Aid workers and development practitioners, how many times have you seen a paragraph like this in a proposal?
"Community Mobilization: To ensure communities are… community management committees (CMCs) will be formed. Based on accepted cultural practice, CMCs will be chosen by the community members themselves with strong encouragement on establishing a gender-balanced CMC. The CMC will represent the community and be responsible for ensuring effective community…Continue
Posted on November 21, 2013 at 10:30am 0 Comments 0 Likes
The Social Impact Media Awards, organized by DEEDA Productions, have announced their 2nd annual call for submissions for their juried 2014 awards. Filmmakers and do-gooders, show us your video-based products that portray people grappling with the realities of aid programs on the ground!
SIMA is looking for…Continue
Welcome, welcome!


text:
Back in Miami, Heat hope to force Mavs to Game 7
The winner of Game 5 has gone on to win the title 19 of the previous 26 times the finals were tied 2-2, but the Heat will try to become the second consecutive team to overcome those odds. The Lakers returned to Los Angeles down 3-2 last year and took the last two from the Boston Celtics.
The Heat's chances depend on being able to regain control of a Dallas offense that was at its frightening best in Game 5. After averaging just 87.8 points through four games, the Mavericks shot 56.5 percent from the field and hit 13 of 19 3-pointers (68 percent) in their 112-103 victory.
Another performance like that and veterans that fill up their roster could finally become champions.
"Look, we're trying to execute our game plan and see if we have the most points come Sunday," 38-year-old point guard Jason Kidd said. "We're not looking to knock no one out. We're here to play team basketball and continue to do what we've been doing the last two games."
Still, these finals are turning into what James isn't doing, much more than what the Mavs are doing. Even the two-time MVP's triple-double felt hollow, because it was accompanied by two missed shots and a turnover on an offensive foul after the Mavs tied it at 100 with 3:23 remaining.
And the Heat can't even count on his defense against Terry anymore. He shut out the Mavs' spark plug off the bench in the fourth quarters of Games 1 and 3. But the Mavs have done a better job of freeing their sixth man, who has helped himself by putting the ball on the floor and attacking more.
"That's the `Jet' we need," Nowitzki said. "We need him to attack and get in the lane. It opens up a lot of stuff for everybody else out there."
The Heat overwhelmed top-seeded Chicago in the last round by dominating the fourth quarters, with James containing league MVP Derrick Rose. But the Bulls - and most other teams - lacked the shooting touch of these Mavericks, who can spread the floor and get the Heat's defenders out of position. And after struggling through most of the first four games, J.J. Barea began hurting the Heat with his penetration in Game 5.
"They stretch the floor at the majority of the positions, and Nowitzki requires at least attention of one-and-a-half and oftentimes two guys and create some kind of trigger," Heat coach Erik Spoelstra said. "Barea was able to get in the paint, make some plays, break us down, and Terry was able to do that as well.
"Our defense has been proven. Our defense has been successful against all kinds of different offenses. It is not easy against this team, but we are capable, very capable when we're on top of it."
A Heat victory Sunday would set up a Game 7 on Tuesday night. Miami hasn't lost three consecutive games since a five-game skid in late February and early March.
The Heat proudly point to the struggles they've overcome this season: their rocky early start; long injury absences for key players Mike Miller and Udonis Haslem; and all the scrutiny they faced along the way.
But getting out of the situation they are in now would easily top that list.
"This is an opportunity for us," Spoelstra said. "That's why you play a seven-game series. You've got to play it out. And this is where we feel comfortable."
Follow Brian Mahoney on Twitter at http://www.twitter.com/Briancmahoney
The Associated Press


text:
PH, Taiwan seen to start talks on fishery agreement by June
MANILA, Philippines—The Philippines-Taiwan technical working group (TWG) may meet by the middle of the year on a possible fishery agreement, when officials hope that the recent issue over a Taiwanese fisherman would have cooled.
"The meeting may be held, possibly, by June but perhaps it would be better if we do it in July," Agriculture Secretary Proceso J. Alcala told reporters at the sidelines of the FishR (municipal fisherfolk registration) program in Pasay City.
Asked whether the Philippines would be open to a mutual fishing scheme, Alcala said the topic would likely crop up during talks but there was no assurance on the outcome.
The TWG is composed of representatives from the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) and their counterparts in Taiwan, BFAR director Asis Perez said in an interview.
As various nationalities are reported to be fishing illegally in Philippine waters, demonstrating the richness of Philippine marine resources, various civic and environmental groups urged the government to protect Philippine waters and ensure that the country would not be disadvantaged in trade and other agreements involving fishery. Business groups, meanwhile, have called on the government to "balance" political with economic concerns.
"Admittedly, our fish stocks are richer since we are in the Coral Triangle but Taiwan also has fish and stocks depending on the migration pattern of various species. I trust the TWG will study all proposals carefully," Alcala said.
Fishery employs more than 1.6 million fisher folk. About 41 percent of fisher folk are considered poor, according to government data.
The Coral Triangle is the 6-million-km2 global center of marine biodiversity in the seas spanning the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Timor Leste and the Solomon Islands.
Get Inquirer updates while on the go, add us on these apps:
Disclaimer: The comments uploaded on this site do not necessarily represent or reflect the views of management and owner of INQUIRER.net. We reserve the right to exclude comments that we deem to be inconsistent with our editorial standards.
To subscribe to the Philippine Daily Inquirer newspaper in the Philippines, call +63 2 896-6000 for Metro Manila and Metro Cebu or email your subscription request here.
Factual errors? Contact the Philippine Daily Inquirer's day desk. Believe this article violates journalistic ethics? Contact the Inquirer's Reader's Advocate. Or write The Readers' Advocate:
c/o Philippine Daily Inquirer Chino Roces Avenue corner Yague and Mascardo Streets, Makati City,Metro Manila, Philippines Or fax nos. +63 2 8974793 to 94


text:
TV Camera Mounted on Lunar Rover
May 8, 2003
A close-up view of the RCA color television camera mounted on the Lunar Roving Vehicle. This photo was taken during the third Apollo 16 extravehicular activity (EVA-3).
Topics: Lunar rover, Apollo program, Rover, RCA, Apollo TV camera, Extra-vehicular activity, Apollo 16


text:
Mon-Fri: 7am-1am EST / Sat-Sun: 7am-11pm EST
ApplianceGeneral Electric Microwave
Level of DifficultyReally easy
Time to do repairLess than 15 mins
Age of Appliance1 - 4 years
0 out of 1 people found this instruction helpful
Ordered part on Tuesday evening at 10:00 p.m. Shipped Wednesday from Part Select. Received Thursday morning at 10:44 a.m. from Fed Ex. Could NOT believe how quickly I got my replacement part. Sears had the same part - it would have cost more and taken at least 2 weeks to send it to me. It took longer to actually open the box than to wash the new part and put in the microwave. Thank you for great service.
Help other customers find the most helpful instructions.
Were these instructions helpful?
Part Number: PS956218
All brand logos are trademarks of their respective owners.
The PartSelect logo is a Registered Trademark of Atlantic Laundry Centres, Ltd.
Copyright © 1999-2015 , Eldis Group Partnership. All rights reserved.


text:
Most Popular Reviews
Fitbit Charge HR review: the fitness tracker with an always-on heart-rate monitor
The Fitbit Charge HR is an enhanced version of the Fitbit Charge activity tracker wristband,…
Samsung Galaxy S6 review: The best Android phone of 2015. The S6 is Samsung's best-looking Galaxy yet, losing some features but adding so much more
The Samsung Galaxy S6 is the company's best-looking yet, with Samsung tackling key concerns such…
Avast Free Antivirus 2015 review: one of the best free security products you can install
With dependable protection for your PC and Android devices, Avast is one of the best free…
PC Advisor reviews is your home for expert reviews of computers, laptops, digital cameras, tablets, smartphones, and more. The best consumer and business technology reviews on the web.
Microsoft Lumia 640 review: The Moto G of the Windows world
Microsoft does budget phones incredibly well, and with almost an identical spec this Lumia 640 is the Moto G of the Windows world. Find out why it's such good value…
£129 inc VAT
Microsoft Surface 3 review
With full Windows 8.1 and a lower price than the Pro version, the new Surface 3 could be the laptop / tablet hybrid you've been searching for. Here's our Surface 3…
£419 inc VAT
Surface 3 vs Nexus 9 comparison review
We compare the Nexus 9 and Surface 3 to see which one is the best across price, design, hardware and software. Find out more in our Surface 3 vs Nexus 9 comparison…
£419 inc VAT
Microsoft Band vs Apple Watch comparison review
The Microsoft Band is a well-priced and flexible, souped-up activity tracker that offers some smartwatch capabilities. The Apple Watch is more expensive, offers many…
£169 inc VAT
Microsoft Band review | MS Band buying advice
The Microsoft Band is a smartwatch and activity tracker that works with iPhone, Android and Windows Phones. The MS Band has a good feature set at a reasonable price,…
£169 inc VAT
Surface Pro 3 vs Surface 3 comparison review
We compare Microsoft's new Surface 3 tablet with the outstanding Surface Pro 3. Is the cheaper Surface tablet a good deal? Read our Surface Pro 3 vs Surface 3…
£475 inc VAT
Microsoft Lumia 435 review: Best smartphone you can buy under £50
If you're looking for a cheap smartphone, Microsoft's Lumia 435 is the best you'll find under £50. Find out why in our Microsoft Lumia 435 review.
£49 inc VAT
Windows 10 for phones preview
Windows 10 is coming and will run on smartphones meaning the end of Windows Phone. Here's our Windows 10 preview which explains everything you need to know.
Microsoft Lumia 535 review
The new Lumia 535 addresses some of the criticisms of its predecessor - the 530 - but still fails to impress, even at this relatively low price. The smartphone does…
£99 inc VAT
Internet Explorer 11 review
Internet Explorer 11 is the most used PC web browser in the world, but is it any good? We find out in our Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 review.
Office 365 vs Office 2013 comparison
We compare Office 365 and the Office 2013 package. Is Microsoft's cloud-based subscription productivity software better value than the traditional Office package?…
£80 inc VAT
Xbox One vs Xbox 360 console comparison review
The Xbox One is a stunning piece of engineering, a top-notch games console and home entertainment device. But don't write off the Xbox 360: it remains a good - now…
£429 inc VAT
Windows 8 vs Windows 10 comparison
The latest Windows 10 release is available for testing, offering a host of new features to Windows users. And Windows 10 will be free, too. We compare Windows 8 and…
Windows 10 hands on review
As the Windows 10 release grows nearer, here's what we think of its first take on Windows 10, the Technical Preview, in our Windows 10 hands-on review.
Lumia 830 Windows phone review
The Lumia 830 is a mid-priced 5in Windows smartphone, offering good battery life, decent build and camera, and mediocre performer. Find out more in our Lumia 830…
£319 inc VAT
Surface Pro 3 vs iPad Air 2 comparison
Which should you buy: the Surface Pro 3 or an iPad Air 2? Here we compare these rivals and explain which is best for you.
£475 inc VAT
Fitbit Charge HR vs Microsoft Band comparison
We compare the Microsoft Band with Fitbit's upcoming Fitbit Charge HR activity tracker. Which is the best wearable for you? Read our Fitbit Charge HR vs Microsoft…
£169 inc VAT
Surface Pro 3 UK review
The Surface Pro 3 is the thinnest and lightest of laptops, which also passes muster as a full Windows tablet. And, according to Microsoft, people are buying into the…
£639 inc VAT
Google Nexus 9 vs Microsoft Surface Pro 3 comparison
The Nexus 9 and Surface Pro 3 are both brilliant tablets, but they're designed for very different users. Here's how they compare.
£475 inc VAT
Microsoft All-In-One Media Keyboard review
The Microsoft All-In-One Media Keyboard is a small and stylish wireless qwerty keyboard with an integrated trackpad. Here's our Microsoft All-In-One Media Keyboard…
£30 inc VAT


text:
Hundreds of Kind Starbucks Customers Pay It Forward in Christmas-Inspired Act [VIDEO]
It was a grande-sized act of generosity.
It was a grande-sized act of generosity.
When you think of the term "soccer hooligan," this is probably not the image that comes to mind.
Phil Robertson, the patriarch of the family of Louisiana hunters on A&E's massive hit show 'Duck Dynasty,' recently gave an interview to GQ in which he made some controversial remarks on topics such as homosexuality, world religions and race relations in his home state.
The best laid plans of gators and men often go awry.
This video may make you fall in love with the Frisbee all over again.
It looks like Santa will end up on his own naughty list.
This will make you think twice the next time you drop your child at daycare.
It turned out to be anything but a silent night when police in Spartanburg, South Carolina had to intervene when a family got into a huge fight while decorating a Christmas tree.
Car accidents can be scary for anyone, so let's give this woman some serious credit for keeping her cool.
There's no good time to have a snake bite your penis, but one poor fella had it happen at one incredibly inopportune moment.
Amazing shots never get old.
The journey Santa Claus takes dropping off presents is almost as intense as the one your Christmas tree took before winding up in your living room.


text:
Member loginIf you are a subscriber to Shippax CFI you may ask for your complimentary username and password from Shippax. To login to the membership pages, simply enter the username and password in the appropriate box.
If you are a subscriber to Shippax CFI and have not received your username and password, send an e-mail to email@example.com and we will send it to you.
Become a member
Latest news on our member site150521
Hurtigruten bring MIDNATSOL to Antarctica
European Commission takes away all legal constraints that would hinder the rescue of SNCM
Star Clippers to build a new square rigger
DFDS raises 2015 outlook
Golden Star Ferries buys in Japan


text:
- 1.866.986.8282
- |
- Get Island Email
- |
- Account - Sign In or Register
- |
- Shopping Bag (0) - Checkout
[x]< Shopping Checkout >
Your Shopping Bag
Contains 0 Items
Contains 0 Items
There are no items in
your shopping bag.
16 oz. Hawaii Hula Tervis Tumbler® (# TH2478)
- Holds 16 fluid ounces
- High-impact polymer plastic
- Top-rack dishwasher safe
- Safe for use in microwave and freezer
- Fits in car cupholders (and golf cart cupholders, too!)
- Made in USA
Rated 5 out of 5Â by 3 reviewers.
Rated 5 out of 5Â by Shayne The cups OF cups As you well know Tervis cups are known for their quality and durability. This cup just adds a little more flavor with Tommy Bahama's logo embedded within the plastic. I own several of these & have never had an issue with a single one. Cheers!! December 30, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5Â by Persian Excellent product. Great size. Very good quality. We love this product and use them daily.these glasses are perfect for taking to the beach or for getting our daily recommended glasses of water. December 30, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5Â by atl30290 great tumbler Prefect for pool or beach side beverages. Keeps drinks hot and cold! January 22, 2013
1-3 of 3


text:
Error When Creating Excel Worksheets / Access Is DeniedSep 8, 2011
I'm trying to generate Office 2010 files (xlsx) in a vb.net project (Visual Studio 2010 fw 4.0).On my developing PC it works. Once on the server it generates an error:Retrieving the COM class factory for component with CLSID {00024500-0000-0000-C000-000000000046} failed due to the following error: 80070005 Access is denied. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80070005 (E_ACCESSDENIED)).On the server I tried with dcomcnfg and navigate to DCOM Config and locate Excel. To solve the problem I would have chosen Customize in the Security tab under Launch and Activation Permissions and add the account under which the site is running (our server task user) and assign Local Launch & Local Activation permissions.[code]View 2 Replies


text:
Padres defeat Rockies 6-5 in 12
"We did a great job there," said Black. "They were hot and we held them down. This is another step in the right direction for Cashner."
The Padres scored four times in an unusual fourth to break open a scoreless game.
Headley opened the inning with a single and Carlos Quentin drew a walk. Gyorko doubled into the left field corner to score Headley with the game's first run.
The Padres next three runs all scored on ground balls.
With runners on second and third and no one out, Quentin scored on Mark Kotsay's ground out to second.
Maybin then topped the ball between third and short. Arenado decided to go to the plate in pursuit of Gyorko, but was late with the throw. Maybin proceeded to steal second for the second time in his return game and moved to third when catcher Rosario's throw sailed into center. Maybin scored on Nick Hundley's grounder to short.
The Rockies halved the deficit with single runs in the fourth and fifth against Cashner on a throwing error by catcher Nick Hundley and a two-out single by Michael Cuddyer. The Padres upped their lead to 5-2 in the sixth on singles by Quentin, Gyorko and Maybin.
But the Padres were also leaving a lot of runs in scoring position.
Everth Cabrera opened the game with a double to extend his hitting streak to seven straight games, but never advanced farther than third. The Padres had runners at first and second with one out in the sixth and didn't add to their total. And Will Venable didn't score after tripling with one out in the seventh.
Maybin made a sensational over-the-head catch of a two-out Young drive to deep right-center in the bottom of the 11th to force the game into the 12th. DJ LeMahieu was on second with two out when Maybin ran down Young's drive on the warning track.


text:
Abscessed Tooth Guide Center - Jupiter, FL
WebMD Physician Directory
Jupiter, Florida
Abscessed Tooth
What is an abscessed tooth?
When a tooth persistently throbs and keeps you up at night with pain, it could be something more worrisome than a simple toothache. An abscessed tooth is an infection within a tooth that has spread to the root...
Other Related Abscessed Tooth Guide Articles
Emergency Contact for Jupiter
Nearby Jupiter Hospitals *
Jupiter Medical Center
Sandy Pines
Palm Beach Gardens Medical Ctr
Kindred Hospital Palm Beaches
VA Medical Center
West Palm Hospital
Gerome Golden Center
St Mary's Medical Center
Good Samaritan Medical Center
Martin Memorial Hospital South
Palms West Hospital
Martin Memorial Medical Center
Wellington Regional Medical Ctr
John F Kennedy Medical Center
AG Holley State Hospital
St Lucie Medical Center
Port St Lucie Hospital
Bethesda Hospital West
Bethesda Memorial Hospital
Delray Medical Center
Fair Oaks Pavilion
Pinecrest Rehabilitation Hosp
New Horizons Treasure Coast
*Provider Directory Terms of Use:
The WebMD 'Provider Directory' is provided by WebMD for use by the general public as a quick reference of information about Providers. The Provider Directory is not intended as a tool for verifying the credentials, qualifications, or abilities of any Provider contained therein. Inclusion in the Provider Directory does not imply recommendation or endorsement nor does omission in the Provider Directory imply WebMD disapproval.


text:
Armstrong Library has new, comfy chairs and ottomans, just right for curling up with a well thumbed copy of Newton's Principia, finishing your next assignment with your feet up, or just sitting back and enjoying the view (tweeting optional).
Armstrong Library has new, comfy chairs and ottomans, just right for curling up with a well thumbed copy of Newton's Principia, finishing your next assignment with your feet up, or just sitting back and enjoying the view (tweeting optional).
Emdbedding Digital Literacies and enabling change – Report form the "Changing the Learning Landscape" London Event
The Internet of Things – The Internet of Things has emerged as one of IT's hottest trends of 2013. We have a great set of resources to help you figure out how it can help your business.
Why is Science Behind a Paywall? – The evolution of and economics behind the current model of scholarly communications.
What's new in MOOCs? "Coursera is recasting itself as a platform for credit-bearing courses that would be offered to students enrolled at multiple campuses within a public-university system."
Staff matters. "Another side-effect of the executive belief that 'life is elsewhere' is that staff members aren't utilized in transformational efforts. In the pigeonholing that can take place between HR and executive leaders, staff can be overlooked."
A Research Data Management Implementation Workshop was held on March 13-14, 2013, with Alison Darrow (SRO) and Wendy Shook (LIS) attending selected webcasts.
SELECT * FROM rdminotes WHERE comment != 'soapbox'
Take away points:
An excellent collection of position papers are available at https://rdmi.uchicago.edu/page/submitted-experience-and-position-papers
The Oberlin Group of 17 Digital Library Unconference was held on May 21, 2013, at Mt. Holyoke College. With over 30 participants from 14 of the OG17 schools, there was lively discussion on topics including digital library planning and scope, organization and staffing, platforms and tools, data management and preservation policy, digital scholarship/digital humanities, outreach, and archiving born-digital records.
The format of the meeting eschewed the traditional speaker followed by a few questions in favour of a lightning round describing current projects at representated colleges, then brainstorming topics to be further discussed in a series of "break-out" sessions. The format felt more collaborative and productive than simply presenting information. Discussions were deemed successful enough to warrant follow-up meetings.
Attendees from Middlebury: Wendy Shook, Rebekah Irwin, Bryan Carson.
ACRL Digital Curation Interest Group Webinar: Creation of an In-House DMP Tool at the University of Houston Libraries, April 18, 2013
Michele Reilly and Anita Dryden from the University of Houston discussed their approach to providing data management planning assistance to their research faculty. Data management is not part of their mission; they focus on providing both general and UH resource specific information via their library web pages and by the creation of a data management planning (DMP) Tool. This tool, created using drupal webforms, is similar to the California Digital Library's DMPTool and the Digital Curation Centre's DMPOnline. Although offering fewer features, the UH tool pre-dates the online tools mentioned, has been easy to maintain and customize, and has been sufficient to fulfill the needs of their researchers.
Markham Nolan: How to separate fact and fiction online | Video on TED.com
~13 minute video talk by a journalist showing how news organizations verify information posted by users on the web (tweets, photos, videos) using technology such as Google Earth, etc.
Did you find an odd box with pieces of paper inside? It might be a book! Some of them still have real pages—and I'll show you just how to read one.
The Business Value of Google Glass and Wearable Computing – Wearable computing is an emerging technology that's affecting both the consumer and enterprise space.
Predatory Publishers Strike Back
Predatory publishing is what happens when open access publishing is subverted by manipulation, exploitation, and spammer mentality. Jeffery Beall is a librarian who uses his blog to expose predatory publishers, and they would rather he didn't. Beall has written a Nature column piece about predatory publishing, and his blog is Scholarly Open Access.
For meteorology fans, here is a page that draws Middlebury specific met data from a variety of sources into one densely packed resource: middobs.org (not associated with the college).
If you need something a little more tropical, here is the sister page dedicated to the environment affecting Mauna Kea observatories http://www.jach.hawaii.edu/weather/ .
Dartmouth October Conference 2012
"Outside the Box: Innovation in the Library"
Notes from Wendy Shook and Carrie Macfarlane
Our top 4 take-aways:
Keynote Address: A Wide Lens Perspective on Innovation
Roy Adner – Professor of Strategy and Entrepreneurship, Tuck School of Business, Dartmouth College
Transforming Concepts into Actionable Project through Project Management
Shanti Freundlich – Liaison Librarian: Health Sciences, Nursing, & Social Work, Beatley Library, Simmons College
Vivienne Piroli – Deputy Library Director, Beatley Library, Simmons College
"What's My Motivation?": Adding Story and Context to Screen Shot Tutorials
Kari Mofford – Undergraduate and User Services Librarian, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth
Using a Participatory Design Workshop to Renovate a Library Teaching Space Laura Farwell Blake – Head, Services for Academic Programs, Harvard College Library
Reed Lowrie – Science Reference and Cartographic Librarian
Cabot Library, Interim Manager of Reference Services, Widener, Lamont, Cabot and Tozzer Libraries, Harvard College Library
Changing Their World, 4 Strings At a Time: Ukuleles in the Library!
Lisa Lavoie – Director of Library Services, Tunxis Community College
Honoring Student Assistants: The Student Library Service Bookplate Program at Dartmouth College
Laura Braunstein – English Language and Literature Librarian, Dartmouth College
There's an App for That…Ask Your Librarian!
Judy M. Spak – Curriculum Support Librarian, Cushing/Whitney Medical Library, Yale School of Medicine
Jan Glover – Education Services Librarian, Cushing/Whitney Medical Library, Yale School of Medicine
Staffing the Information Commons in a Melded IT and Library Organization
Jill Parchuck – Co-Director Yale Center for Science and Social Science Information, Yale University Library
Themba Flowers – Co-Director Yale Center for Science and Social Science Information, Yale ITS, Academic IT Solutions, Yale University Library
Exploring the Future of Libraries: A Quick Walk Through the Work Taking Place in the Harvard Library Innovation Lab
Jeff Goldenson – Designer, Harvard Library Innovation Laboratory
Matt Phillips – Developer, Harvard Library Innovation Laboratory


text:
Against Clemency for Snowden; The Role of the City Council Speaker; The Bisexual Label; War on Poverty Anniversary
Wednesday, January 08, 2014
While some are calling for NSA leaker Edward Snowden to be granted clemency, Slate's Fred Kaplan disagrees. He explains his position. Plus: The new City Council convenes to pick a new speaker today. Capital New York's Sally Goldenberg reports on the race and the evolving powers of the speaker; the bisexuality label and changing attitudes toward bisexuality; Peniel Joseph, author, professor of history and founding director of the Center for the Study of Race and Democracy at Tufts University, discusses poverty in the U.S. today, 50 years after President Johnson declared a war on poverty; and "because" – the American Dialect Society's word of the year.
Christie Aid Linked to GWB Lane Closures
A top Christie aide is linked to the lane closures that caused major traffic jams on the George Washington Bridge in Fort Lee, N.J. New Jersey Public Radio's Matt Katz explains what happened and the implications for Chris Christie's political future.
Check out the emails that exposed the link and more here.
The Case Against Clemency for Snowden
Fred Kaplan, Slate's War Stories columnist, author of The Insurgents, and the Edward R. Murrow press fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations discusses his recent Slate piece, "Why Snowden Won't (and Shouldn't) Get Clemency."
Council Speaker 101
The new city council convenes today and picks a speaker. Sally Goldenberg, senior reporter at Capital New York, talks about the race, and explains the speaker's powers and how they're changing.
Don't Call Bisexuality a Fad
"Bisexuality and talking about it is important," says Brian Lehrer show caller Chemda, "so that people don't see it as a party drug."
The 50th Anniversary of Johnson's War On Poverty
Peniel Joseph, professor of history, founding director of the Center for the Study of Race and Democracy at Tufts University, and author, discusses poverty today, 50 years after President Johnson famously declared a "war on poverty" in America.
Because New
Ben Zimmer, chair of the New Words Committee of the American Dialect Society and executive producer of Vocabulary.com and the Visual Thesaurus, discusses the American Dialect Society's choice for word of the year: the new twitter-based use of the word "because."


text:
|77 posts found
Novice Member
Joined: 4/06/12
GW2 is a great game. I had lots of fun playing it for 6 months. There is no traditional end game however. I like everything about the game but everytime I hop on I'm at a loss of what to do. I saw all sites and done every dungeon. I need some sort of goal to keep me playing.
Login or Register to never see this panel
Elite Member
Joined: 11/10/05
you would be less bored if you did your own legwork ;)
Novice Member
Joined: 4/18/12
My suggestion? Play both. I do and I enjoy it quite a bit.
Advanced Member
Joined: 4/12/06
played FF for 1 month almost did all the things game have to offer
playing GW2 for a year now and they still releasing new content every 2 weeks
so you pick one :)
some ppl say that GW2 dont have "endgame" just dont listen to them
Advanced Member
Joined: 8/25/08
Originally posted by huihuhuhu2
Lol You all fell for a troll....
Originally posted by EvolvedMonky
What is NOT truth in the post you quoted?
Advanced Member
Joined: 5/24/10
Originally posted by EvolvedMonky
Huh? so he didn't chose your precious FFXIV so he is a troll?
Hard Core Member
Joined: 10/02/11
The Critical Hit Pretzel!
I'd say FF14, but I'm bias for FF14 and I am bias against GW2.
FF14 I feel works wonders in particularly if you are a more nostalgic gamer looking for a bit more of an 'old school' feel to the MMo, just with more modern additions.
GW2... well I really have very little to give praise to it. I'd say of the things it does and it does pull off well, it does have a good graphic style, though FF14 has its own style which looks nice. The lack of 'loot grind' might be appealing to you. Otherwise, I find it lacking on features (at least ones giving me a reason to play) and with combat being the main focus, it suffers with the fact its combat system is subpar. You might be able to enjoy it, i personally enjoy many bad games, just if you really look at the game I don't think anyone can deny its just "decent" nothing spectacular nor nothing thats god aweful either. A 'meh' game.
I'd say if possible, wait for a trail of FF14 and wait for GW2 to do another 'free trial' deal. GW2 only takes 5 or so hours to know just how you like it (doesn't really change at all as you get higher up) and you can tell FF14 how you feel about it around level 20 once you get a primal fight. Won't be as quick to judge as GW2, but general if you notice your liking it more as you go, you probably will find you enjoy the game in the long term.
Edit: Ah nevermind apparently he has GW2. I'd say just wait for FF14 trial then. Its the best option if you don't want to spend money on something you aren't sure of.
Hard Core Member
Joined: 1/27/10
A dream... A dream without regrets.
and for the OP.;
I'd say Guild Wars 2. I'm playing Gw2 since pre-Beta and still having blast. WvW is amazing for large scale pvp and you got spvp too. But most of all you got a new content for every 2 weeks for pve. Guild Wars 2 have an end game. But some people think that end game is just about gear grind. So they always say Gw2 got no end game. Don't listen to them...
Playing : Guild Wars 2 - Dark Age of Camelot - Wakfu
Waiting for : No Man's Sky - Camelot Unchained - Tree of Savior
Legends : Ultima Online - Eve Online - Warhammer Online - Knight Online - Guild Wars
Hard Core Member
Joined: 4/19/08
Originally posted by huihuhuhu2
You have asked sepcifically AAr or Gw2. My answer in short: Gw2. And when you will have enough and want to chose between this two ... select again Gw2. :-)
Joined: 7/26/03
Originally posted by Purutzil
Hard Core Member
Joined: 10/02/11
The Critical Hit Pretzel!
Um... 4 hours time it took for me to realize GW2 wasn't a very fun game for me and had issues. I had 2 max level characters in the game as I drilled my way hoping for something to spark which it did not. So yeah, just cause someone feels your favorite game isn't that great (both personally as well as looking critically upon it) doesn't mean you should miss quote them about it. I played Mesmer and Thief both to 80 and I could never get into the game. I tried and tried but no, it didn't pan out. Yes, I know I'm stupid for wasting my time when I felt I wasn't big on it to start, but thus the masocist in me was seeking to find value in my purchase to no avail.
As for the 'continous content, keep in mind that they are doing 'small' content updates. Its their tactic to provide new stuff more actively to deal with its lack of grind (which btw, it has pretty horrible grind if you DO want special gear despite what you try and pretend, granted fortunately it IS more optional). Its a way to adjust for the lack of 'content to achieve' so to speak which again, its perfectly fine with the model and how they set themselves up. In the end its likely going to match up to a large patch for another game, just spread over a longer duration.
In the end Guildwars 2 has 'end game', just not the type that really has any 'reason' for most players to bother playing through it. Its fine to have games like that, its just for many it becomes boring very quickly. I'd have no problem with it myself if it wasn't for the combat in Gw2 being just so... bleh that its hard to really remain involved.
I've spent countless hours playing say Sonic 2 getting through the stages over and over again and having fun since the gameplay itself was addicting and well formed despite little in end game reward (outside completion, which I will say GW2 lacks but not always did I need to complete the game to be satisfied). Gameplay kept me involved and GW2 objectively is a bit weak when it comes to this. The events and more emphasis on casual play are what keep people drawn into it and if you like that, I really have no problem with it. All I'm saying is if you look objectively at it, GW2 has plenty of flaws behind it that drag it down. And yes, FF14 arr has many of its own, however for me it comes out to be a much more superior game while GW2 just is 'meh'.
TLDR (aka, I know you skimmed through my last post to make a rather baseless claim): Everyone has their own like or dislike and its silly to try and bash someone who feels your favorite game isn't that great, particularly if they STILL RECOMMEND to try YOUR favorite game AND the game they feel is a stronger choice.
Hard Core Member
Joined: 2/12/12
Originally posted by DocBrody
Can't really get behind the "Nicer than this" remark, since something like that is entirely subjective and trying to "prove" what looks better than something else is pointless.
That said, that's an awesome video. Great choice of music (I love Enya), and the lyrics are quite fitting. AoC is a beautiful looking game, and I've enjoyed it quite a bit when I've played. But, the OP is asking about GW2 or XIV, so I won't go any farther with AoC here :).
That vid at least got a 'Subscribe' out of me. Nicely done.
Elite Member
Joined: 9/15/10
Originally posted by Purutzil
Sorry, I'm not picking apart your message but I was wondering about your first paragraph. You say you have 2 max characters in GW2 in 4 hours? If this isn't the case and you didn't have fun in those first 4 hours, why would you play 2 characters to max level?
edit: Back to the OP. I have to say that GW2 is a better game to play and for the price. However, FFXIV has some worthy content and is a great game to play also. After you buy GW2 it is "yours", you aren't renting it like many other AAA games. I play it when I want a change from whatever I'm playing at the time be it a single player rpg or an mmo. GW2 is easy to swing back into after a period of taking a break.
Death is nothing to us, since when we are, Death has not come, and when death has come, we are not.
Apprentice Member
Joined: 12/02/11
Good job OP. GW2 is a good choice.
FFXIV is a bad WOW clone. Lifeless world with npc glued to ground. Static and dull small world with invisible walls everywhere. End game is just copy pasted from WOW where you chase better stats just to be rendered useless as soon as new set of shiny gear comes out. Endless gear treadmill.
GW2 is a superior game in every possible way and doesn't even require a monthly fee.
Hard Core Member
Joined: 2/12/12
Originally posted by Amjoco
When it comes to "intolerance of a dissenting opinion", there's three main categories of people here, and on gaming forums in general.
1. Will ask you if you've completed some arbitrary laundry-list of tasks, saying "your opinion doesn't matter" unless you have, and that you're basically not allowed to criticize or express dislike of a game unless you've gone all the way through the game and "have done everything". It's an obvious attempt to pre-emptively disqualify a dissenting opinion of a game by setting some arbitrarily high bar that - it's assumed - someone will not have reached.
2. In the event that the player has done everything (or at least the vast majority of it), the challenge then changes to something more in line with what you asked: "Well, if the game is so bad, then why did you play it for so long?"
3. The third category would be people who like a game but aren't insulted or threatened when someone else voices a negative or critical opinion of it. These people are very rare. Even more rare are those who can empathize and see how others might have the complaints they have, even if they don't share them.
Your question would fall under this 2nd category.
Items 1 and 2 most apply here, and are a blatant catch 22. No matter what the person says, their opinion will still be deemed irrelevant, because they're going to fall into either of the two categories. It's a completely obvious tactic used with an equally transparent motive.
The questions don't really matter, because those asking don't really what an answer. They're only interested in dismissing and invalidating an opinion they disagree with.
Interestingly, you'll only face those questions if you're critical of the game. If you're praising the game, it doesn't matter if you just installed it and haven't even gotten out of character creation. If you say "this is the absolute best MMO on the market", those same people issuing #1 and #2 above will not even second guess you. It's an interesting double-standard that happens constantly around here, with every game.
And in every case, it's indicative of people who can't tolerate negative opinions of a game they like.
Hard Core Member
Joined: 8/12/11
We all breathe and we all die.
Originally posted by TangentPoint
You can not be serious right now...have you even...know what nevermind.
I might get banned for this. - Rizel Star.
I'm not afraid to tell trolls what they [need] to hear, even if that means for me to have an forced absence afterwards.
P2P LOGIC = If it's P2P it means longevity, overall better game, and THE BEST SUPPORT EVER!!!!!(Which has been rinsed and repeated about a thousand times)
Common Sense Logic = P2P logic is no better than F2P Logic.
Elite Member
Joined: 9/15/10
Originally posted by TangentPoint
In this case the OP wants an opinion of which game he should play. A persons opinion is determined by their credibility and in your first paragraph you were somewhat hypocritical. You didn't like the game but put many hours into it.
My question has nothing to do with my opinion of the game, it was my way of having you answer the OP with a clearer answer. Even if I hated GW2 I would ask myself the same question, "Why did he play it so long then"? You could make up many more "categories", but the problem is you didn't help the OP much with your reply. /shrug
Death is nothing to us, since when we are, Death has not come, and when death has come, we are not.
Hard Core Member
Joined: 8/10/08
Originally posted by Amjoco
I used to feel this way too, until I actually played some games a lot, and I mean a lot. 2-3 chars to end game, etc, only to realize I actually didn t like the game. It seems odd, but it happens. To the OP, I hated GW2 more then any MMO in years, and I like FFXIV. It s not the best, but better then most released in the last couple of years.
Elite Member
Joined: 5/14/07
I believe in life before death... So dont forget to enjoy it while you still can.
Gw2 felt fresh new and very action based, FF14 felt slow old and somewhat boring..
Best MMO experiences : EQ(PvE), DAoC(PvP), WoW(total package) LOTRO (worldfeel) GW2 (Artstyle and animations and worlddesign) SWTOR (Story immersion) TSW (story) ESO (character advancement)