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251 comments found
Dear customers,
Due to some comments here regarding to our work and answering time frames we would like to share our position.
So we developed a theme platform which has been tested before its first release to ensure ourselves that every part of it is working fine. Every month we prepare new release where we fix bugs from the previous one and add some extra options or just small improvements because we would like our theme to become better and better and keep it up to date for all customers using it.
Sometimes the theme is bought by a clients who are not so familiar with customization process and the whole work over the website installation and adjustments. This is absolutely fine, of course and we do not mind to help with information or even small set ups. But it seems like some of our clients think that once they bought the theme from us we are required to offer support for changes like "How to change the color", "How to move this block to another place", "How to make this change", "How to make the image smaller/bigger", and many many other questions like this. There is nothing wrong to ask something like that, but we believe you will understand that when we get more than 20-30 questions per day it takes time, even sometimes 5 min per answer, which makes the time for new theme releases and improvements limited.
One more very important thing – once a client buy the theme they do a customization to adapt the theme to their needs. That is great and normal! But how can we be aware what kind of customization and modifications the client did? So when you write us with issue we need to check these changes and after that we can give correct instructions how the issue can be solved. Please have in mind that once the theme is bought, installed and customized it becomes out of our control and most of the time our job has been modified. This affect its normal work for sure!!!
Most of you knows that when a client asks for customization because they are not sure how to do it, we always recommend them to contact developer or freelancer, exactly because this job requires some knowledge, and if they are not aware how to do something the risk form a mess is quite huge.
Most of you also know that our customization support (which is paid – we would be happy to support our work with some money, however we prefer not to get them but to do our job with theme improvements!!!) is temporary closed exactly because we need time to make the releases and bug fixes on time, so our clients will be happy with the theme. But again we get a ton of mails regarding to the small and time consuming issues. We try to help everyone and still do some customization. If the requests are 2-3 it is ok, but when we get about 20 e-mails per day all the time goes to the customization issues instead of our major work.
Finally we would like to apologies to all our clients who waited for our responses and to thank them for their patience and understanding. We will continue our work for you and will do our best to make you happy with your purchase. Thank you!
One suggestion I have that could eliminate a lot of the repeat questions is building a large FAQ or setting up a support forum. I realize that it can be tedious to answer the simple questions, but if you had a community behind it we could share our answers or help eachother.
The other thing is when someone asks how to fix something why not post the answer here instead of asking for the FTP details, that way other users can read the solution without bothering you.
Hi, yes, you are right and now we are working on this exactly. As soon as possible we will have a knowledge base with frequently asked questions and hopefully that will help a lot.
Why we ask for log in details we wrote above – the solution depends on the customization done after the theme installation. What the question is common we post the answer directly, but most of the time we need to check first and then send a solution.
However thank you for sharing your thought with us, this is much appreciated. It is always good to have more opinions to make the support better.
Hi Can i add revelation slider, count down timer and blog for Avanti? i like avanti too much. Its a great one.
Hi, unfortunately there is no countdown timer available for Avanti yet. We are working on new theme features and we will notify that in themeforest as soon as we have new release
Hi Guys!
I like the way your site looks, so I want to buy it, but I need somebody to service it afterwards (implement necessary changes and update it). Since you have developed the website, you know it very well. My question is: can we come to an additional agreement, so you will completely service the website for me?
Thanks, Paul
Hi Paul, apologies for the delay, less staffed over the Easter holidays. Usually we offer a customization support for our clients, but it is closed temporary now due to the high volume of work over the new theme features and hosting support. We still cannot fox exact date when the support will be open again, but we presume this will happen in a month at least. Until them we recommend to our clients to contact developers/freelancers who can assist with the theme customization. The theme is based on Magneto platform so each developer who is familiar with it should handle it without troubles.
Thank you for your understanding and we hope to see you soon in Avanti' family.
Dear Customers,
At ShopShark, we are constantly trying to improve the quality of our products and services. As a result, we are moving to a new support system which will provide much better customer service and support.
The new support system is available here: https://www.shopshark.net/clientarea/
Please note that before you can send a support request, you will need to register.
Pre-sale questions can be asked without registering here: https://www.shopshark.net/tickets/new/
A Knowledge Base with numerous in-depth articles about the installation, management and customization of our themes is available from here: https://www.shopshark.net/knowledgebase/
However, please note that some articles are only available for registered users.
You can still send support requests to firstname.lastname@example.com, email@example.com or email@example.com and your emails will be automatically imported into the new system. If your question is not presale in nature, we will ask you to register before we answer.
The ShopShark Support Team answer support tickets Monday to Friday 9:00 – 17:00 CET.
Thank you The ShopShark Support Team
The customer support it's closed for our long weekend. Due to our national holiday we'll be back answering queries Wednesday morning 7th May.
Have a nice Holiday!
ShopShark Team
Avanti is an incredibly good looking theme, a rare one that I still think will convert well. (the problem with many Magento themes is that they waste enormous amounts of space in order to look good, and for whatever reasons, customers tend to not to buy as much from sprawling designs)
That said, will this be updated for Magento 1.8.1 and newer?
Also, do you offer (for pay) installation or customization services? I know you've overwhelmed with free support questions, but I'm glad to pay. In fact, I'd bet most merchants would be. Running a store costs money. That's fine. It's good to charge for help.
Hi, thank you for your kind words, much appreciated. At the moment we are working on the next major release for our other theme, named Milano and once we finished with that we plan to update Avanti as well. Unfortunately still cannot fix exact time when it would be available, but hopefully in a month.
Yes, we do offer a customization support already and the fee starts from $20 per hour and depends on what kind of customization is needed. The best way to get an exact price is to send us a list with issues and we will make an offer.
You can send us a request trough our support system available here: https://www.shopshark.net/signup/.
Pre-sale questions can be asked without registering here: https://www.shopshark.net/tickets/new/.
did not find a logo for flowers?
Hello Vadim, please could you sign up using your purchase code in:https://www.shopshark.net/signup/
and send the admin user to pwd so i can take a look.
Thank you!
I have a problem with additional product images. I add some images to a product, but when I look at the fronend and open the product I only see one image..
Hope you can help me out!
Regards, Marvin
Hi Marvin, please register at our support system, available here: https://www.shopshark.net/signup/ (if you still did not) and send us a ticket along with your magento log in details. thank you.
I have a problem with additional product images. I add some images to a product, but when I look at the fronend and open the product I only see one image..
Hope you can help me out!
Hi Marvin, please register at our support system, available here: https://www.shopshark.net/signup/ (if you still did not) and send us a ticket along with your magento log in details. thank you.
I am very interested in your theme. May I know:
1. Does your theme provide 1 click install Magento connect extensions? 2. Any hosting provider which can optimized your theme performance you may recommend?
Thank you very much!
When will this theme get update? I really like to buy this theme and love the design.. could you tell me the estimate time for the new update release?
Hello resshin, probably today we are going to submit to themeforest the 1.7.4 version. I'll let you know this afternoon.
Arrghhh.. can't wait for the new update.. lol.
My developer and I have been trying to get support but cannot open a support account on your website as you ask for a purchase code, but I don't have such a think on Themeforest. Just a download area. anyway, created ticket: Ticket Created! #515518
Hello Patrick, i was asking you the same. i have just assigned your ticket to Ivan.
Dear customers,
We would like to inform you that due to the holiday season our staff is limited and some delays with the responses might occur.
Also please have in mind that the customization support is closed for the next two weeks.
Thank you for your patience and understanding.
Best regards ShopShark team
Does the new update already finished? I want to buy the theme but I'm afraid if the update will never come..
Hi, the update is not available yet, we are working on it but still cannot give exact ETA.
Still can't give the exact ETA pal? I really want to buy this theme..
Hi, unfortunately still cannot fix a date. At the moment we are working on another our theme – Milano, Once we finished it we will prepare the update for Avanti. If you still didn't please check Milano as well, you might like it also. Thanks.
i have bought milano.. lol
Great, welcome to Milano family
The customer support it's closed for our long weekend. Due to our national holiday we'll be back answering queries Tuesday morning.
Have a nice weekend!
ShopShark Team
Dear customers,
Lately we receive a lot of e-mails with customization requests. As most of you already know we are always trying to assist our clients so they can get the best of our themes, but if you wish to have a bug free improved and functional theme which is more valuable for money than now we need our time to prepare and test it. Unfortunately 80% of the time we dedicate to a customization which actually is not our responsibility.
Also we notice that huge amount of the requests are for customization of the theme which has been modified already by a third person. In that case we cannot be useful as we are not aware how the changes have affected the original files and codes. As a result we take the negatives of the non working theme, although it is not our fault. Due to this from now on we will not proceed any customization in case the theme has been previously customized/modified.
Thank you for your understanding.
ShopShark Team


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Mr. Horsepower is the cartoon mascot and logo of Clay Smith Cams , an auto shop established in 1931. The woodpecker was a characterization of the owner, Clay Smith, as a "red-headed, cigar-smoking, fun-loving person." Mr. Horsepower is rarely without a cigar, but when he is, he has a "cigar replacement" - such as a candy cane for the holidays.
The Mr. Horsepower logo is commonly seen as a car decal or tattoo. The logo has also appeared in a wide range of movies, from the Coen brothers' Raising Arizona, where the main character, H.I., and his antithesis, Leonard Smalls, both had tattoos of Mr. Horsepower, to more recent films including Spider-Man and Gone in 60 Seconds. The Mr. Horsepower logo has appeared in video games as well, most prominently perhaps in Sega GT 2002 for the Xbox video game console.
Eddie's Auto Parts, based out of Knoxville, Tennessee, uses a logo almost exactly like Mr. Horsepower except that the bird has a rounded bottom to its beak, lacks a smoke trail from his cigar and has messier "head feathers." This bird logo can be seen on the famous Eddie's Auto Parts t-shirt. A blue version of this t-shirt being one which the stars of MTV's "Jackass" seem to share.
Mr. Horsepower is also often confused with the "Thrush Bird", the logo of Thrush, a muffler manufacturer. The differences lie in that the Thrush Bird does not have anything in his mouth whereas Mr. Horsepower has a cigar or a "cigar replacement." The Thrush Bird's beak is also curved on the bottom whereas Mr. Horsepower's is not. Both birds share a rather maniacal demeanor however.
To people in the mainstream, Mr. Horsepower is usually confused with cartoon character Woody Woodpecker. The notable points of contrast are that Woody Woodpecker's beak is curved but smooth on top and bottom, and his head-feathers form a well-contained "V" shape in early iterations or a sprout of sorts in newer iterations. The most obvious difference, however, remains in the portrayal of Mr. Horsepower, the Eddie's Auto Parts logo and the Thrush Bird as maniacal, whereas Woody the Woodpecker exhibits a more high-spirited insanity.
To add to the confusion, all four fictional birds are popular logos within the racing community - Woody Woodpecker being the most recent addition with its use by the Honda Motorcycle Racing Team.

subset: commoncrawl


text: 96 Sherman Lakes Drive Sherman Lakes, Fuquay Varina, NC 27526 Status: Off Market MLS#: 1838512 Contact Email this listing Share on Pinterest Share on Google+ Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Calculate Mortgage Print Flyer Get Directions Request a Showing Off Market 96 Sherman Lakes Drive Fuquay Varina, NC 27526 is no longer on the market or has been removed from the MLS. Similar to 96 Sherman Lakes Drive : Ask an Agent About 96 Sherman Lakes Drive * Required fields Send Your Question × Monthly Payment Estimator Price: Down Payment: % Loan Amount: Loan Type: 30 Year Fixed 15 Year Fixed 5/1 ARM Interest Rate: % Est. Tax & Insurance: % ($/mo.) Est. Monthly Payment: $478 per month × Email a Listing 96 Sherman Lakes Drive, Fuquay Varina NC, 27526 From: Name: Email: To: Name: Email: Subject: Message: Take a look at this property I found on RaleighCaryRealty.com: http://www.raleighcaryrealty.com/homes/96-Sherman-Lakes-Drive/Fuquay-Varina/NC/27526/22864192/ Send a copy of this message to me Send Email


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The federal government announced cost increases and other changes affecting almost 38,000 enrollees in high-risk insurance pools to keep the program solvent. "We have a set amount of money, and we will not exceed it," said the director of the Center for Consumer Information and Insurance Oversight, Gary Cohen. The pools will expire when rules addressing coverage of people with pre-existing conditions take effect.
View Full Article in:Kaiser Health News
Published in Brief:


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My Gaggia Baby Class only came with pressurized filters. Will this work as a non-pressurized filter?
Yes they will. New machines come with a non-pressurized commercial double shot filter basket.
Just want to confirm that this is a 58mm double shot non-pressurized filter basket. Planning to use this with a Gaggia Classic.
That is exactly what you are looking at in this picture. The Double pressurized basket
Is this 14 grams full ?
Technically it can fit more than 14 grams of coffee. But 14 grams is the standard for a double shot.
I lost my gaggia diffuser nozzle in the trash. Can I either order one of those, or will the gaggia 58mm filter basket double shot replace both the diffuser nozzle and the basket that comes with the diffuser nozzle?
We sell the pin individually! The link to the item is below:
No reviews have been written for this product.


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- My MIL is an labor and delivery nurse. Lucky for me I was 1,000 miles away when I had my 1st. All of my sister-in-laws have had her in the room with them, but for me, I don't want anyone besides the professionals and my DH knowing more than I do about how I look down there. It is a very special, personal time for you. You learn a lot about yourself and drama from others in the room would not be cool. I don't have the best relationship with my MIL. I've been told over and over that since she is a delivery nurse I should have her in there, but I've learned the best way to have a good delivery is to be able to relax. She does not help me relax. I say keep it between the DH, baby and you. Let the three of you bond. It will only be the three of you there on the sleepless nights, the fevers, the teething... Start the bond now.
- —Guest Momby5
I think not!
- For my first birth, I had to be induced a little early, and both my mom and his mom showed up for the "event." I wasn't entirely comfortable with her there, but didn't want to offend her. I ended up with a C-section, and I was very depressed afterward. She only made things worse by getting offended at every little thing, and had no compassion for what I was going through. This time around, we don't plan to tell her what's happening until perhaps the day after the baby is born. I know she will be highly offended, but I don't care. My husband knows how ridiculous she can be, and he has told me he is on my side and will defend me. I don't plan to tell my mom either, but I may change my mind. She is MUCH more supportive than my MIL. Ultimately, if you are the one giving birth, then you should be calling the shots. Don't tolerate anything you're not comfortable with!
- —Guest Second Time Around
She drives me nuts
- Unfortunately, my husband pressured me into letting his mom in. He said if my mom gets to be in there than so does his and now going on baby #3 I wish I could tell her to get the hell out because she drives me nuts, but I don't want the drama.
- —Guest Heather
Are you kidding me?!
- There is not a chance in hell that my mother in law would ever be in the room. She wasn't there for our first daughter, she will NOT be there for the second who is due in 13 weeks. She wanted to be there for our first, but I'm sorry... It was my DH and I making the baby ALONE in our room (our couch or where ever it happened lol) It should be only us 2 in the room getting the baby out. This is also the woman who kept trying to convince me to name our first Mandy if it was a girl because she always wanted a girl and that would be her name... but instead she resents her son for not being what she wanted him to be. *sigh* I could go on for days about my lunatic MIL. But bottom line, NO!!
- —Guest Donna
Mother In Law?
- You have to be kidding? I can't handle my Mother In Law over dinner, I can't imagine her during the birth of our child. Everything is ALWAYS about HER. At our engagement dinner as he told his family, she interrupted and asked when he intended to get her car inspected and to make sure he paid for it. Announcing our wedding, glasses raised for a toast she asked everyone if her hair color suited her. If she was there during the birth of a child, her last grandchild, she would most certainly figure out some way of asking my husband to buy her something, pay for something, or want the doctor to diagnose what some boil is on her backside. I'd rather have Richard Simmons sweating to the Oldies beside me, Rush Limbaugh and Glenn Beck giving policy on the end of the bed, and a brass band playing show tunes while I delivered a 12 pound baby without medication. Clear enough how much MY Mother In Law isn't welcome?
- —BackInTheSaddleAgain
- I do not understand the fuss. It is your life and you should decide on thing like birth and who should be there. For gog's sake women had babies for centuries and it is only recently that they start acting like no one had a baby after Mary! Who needs mums. mother in laws or birth filming unless you want to bring drama in your life!
- —Guest Me
She's evil
- She has been so hateful and mean, trying to cause so many problems in my marriage, so I don't want her anywhere around me. She is a selfish, nasty person, and I don't want any involvement with her and I don't want her around my child. My husband needs to grow a backbone- he allows her to interfere with our marriage, and she wants nothing but the worst for us. But I will not allow her negativity around this event. This is my first child and I am so happy to be a mother, I will not let anything get in the way.
- —Guest Shani
Didn't care
- I was unsure about having my MIL in the room while I was giving birth. She was in the delivery room until I was ready to start pushing then the nurses asked if I wanted her to stay. My mom and hubby were there and by that time, I didn't care anymore and it was actually a bonding experience for us because she was appreciative that I let her stay. She did video the birth for us, but stayed up by my head and was very respectful with the camera to preserve my dignity. I do have to say that the thing that DID bother me most was when Mom and MIL started calling on their cell phones to announce the birth while we were still in the delivery room. We are expecting our second in a few weeks and while I don't mind them being there, we will have a strict no cell phone policy in the delivery room. In fact, I'd prefer if they let us decide when to notify everyone as I'd like to rest at the hospital a little more this time before visitors start arrivng.
- —Guest Jen
Just hubby and the profesionals
- I am 17 weeks pregnant and have advised everyone that the only outsider coming in with me is my partner. I don't want anybody there till the next day as I really want time to bond and feel comfortable with the bub and hubby to be as well! This is my first and I wouldn't want it any other way!
- —Guest Rachel
MIL came in 1st time...
- but hoeing she won't be in there again. She made me uncomfortable and saw me naked and my vagina. Then would joke about seeing me like that afterward. I only want my mum and my partner there as they were great last time. I'm not sure how to tell MIL that shes not welcome in the labour room, might give her baby sitting duties of my 1st son, that might work.
- —Guest Rachel
Between husband Wife
- Having a baby words can't describe it. It's a very special moment, why would I let anyone else in to steal the joy of meeting our baby, the thought of hovering grandparents makes me ill, they've had their turn, now it's ours, thank you very much!
- —Guest Jules
2 mother-in-laws!!
- One is evil and one is my best friend. I couldn't imagine having my second baby without my favorite mil in the room. I had my daughter with my husbands step mom (my fave mil), sister, niece, his dad, my dad and my mom. This time around his mother (biological psycho) wanted to come and I said no way on GOD's green earth will she be within 1000 yards of the house. In fact I would like the whole thing scaled down this time. Me, my husband, our daughter and his step mom. My mom is welcome is she can stay chilled out while I am in labor. They will mostly be there to watch my daughter.
- —Guest erin
No thanks and I'm not changing my mind
- My MIL wanted to be in the room and I strongly voiced my opinion of "NO" and that it would just be me and hubby and my mom would be back up but probably not needed. She said that I would change my mind and that she would come in and I wouldn't even notice or care. It really stressed me out and told my hubby that if she came in I wouldn't be responsible for what I said to her. I was in labour for 3 days which we had to kick her out at night. It stressed me out knowing people were sitting waiting. Ended up with a C-section, nurses said daddy only in OR, she still makes comments that "I didn't have to work at giving birth". 2nd section was booked and comments were made that I should try a VBAC, even though doctorr wouldn't allow... what business it is of theirs. Also, after my 2nd section we came back to the room (directly from the OR) and FIL commented that my stomach still looked pregnant. Still mad! They are away for our 3rd coming up and I'm happy for that!
- —Guest jillbosha
Just me and my husband
- Sadly, my MIL is no longer with us, but, my husband and I have decided to just be the two of us in the room. We have told my mother and his sister that it will just be the two of us. Everyone seems pretty understanding. I mean, it's not their baby, it's our baby and it's our little family. I think too many people in the room would stress me out, especially since all the strong personalities, there would be fights.
- —Guest Amanda
Dont bother
- When I told my mil we were expecting she had no reaction she didn't even say congratulations. I should have expected it because with our first child she wasn't very nice about it. She had an invitation to the hospital and didn't show. This time around she is not invited and she will be lucky to know when I go in labor or what day the baby is born on. I think she suffers from mental illnesses. She spent the last to years crying over having a granddaughter and now that she is she doesn't even acknowledge it.
- —Guest shayla


text: Annual Community Day Again Offers Support to Residents of LA Written by Sentinel News Service 09 January 2014 Bishop Edward Turner and his wife, Carolyn Turner, have been helping members of their community for over twenty years. For twenty-three years, Bishop Edward Turner has opened his church and his heart ... read more >> An Artist Among Us… Written by Brian W. Carter (Staff Writer) 08 January 2014 Artist and sculptor, Timothy Washington One of the many works Washington has sculpted over the years. Timothy Washington is a South L.A. gem, who has paved a way for future artists. There are few ... read more >> Local school gearing up for Martin Luther King Jr. parade Written by Sentinel News Service 16 January 2014 Transfiguration School will be participating in the parade this year. Transfiguration School, a pre-K-through-8 Catholic elementary school located in Leimert Park, is set to participate in the Martin ... read more >> A Tax Preparer who Cares Written by Jennifer Bihm, Sentinel Staff Writer 16 January 2014 Taylor Mayfield stands outside Tax Ease Plus ready to get everyone's taxes on the right track. Photo By Brian W. Carter Taylor Mayfield wants to help the community this tax season. There are a ... read more >> Page 54 of 91 StartPrev49505152535455565758NextEnd Subcategories A Taste of Soul Metro


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Spotlight Article:
California Residential Retrofits: Ten Important Lessons Learned
The potential for reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions through retrofitting existing homes offers major incentives for future work.
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Deep Energy Cuts for a Fresh Start
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Energy Use Patterns in Off-Grid Houses: It's All About the Energy Budget, Right?
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New Brochure From Independent Rating Agency Shows How To Evaluate Window Films
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Originally written on Fox Sports | Last updated 10/2/14
No. 22 Wisconsin isn't built to overcome big deficits. So when the Badgers fell behind by 19 points early in the second half at No. 10 Florida on Wednesday night, the game was essentially over. Sam Dekker and Jared Berggren scored 11 points apiece for Wisconsin, but it wasn't enough in a 74-56 loss to the Gators. ''Sometimes you're built with more experience, slashers, more speed at certain positions,'' Wisconsin coach Bo Ryan said. ''There wasn't an advantage we had.'' The Badgers tried to keep up with Florida inside and out, but failed at both. The biggest problem was containing Erik Murphy. The 6-foot-10 forward tied a career high with 24 points. He made all 10 of his shots, including several in the post and just two from 3-point range, as the short-handed Gators enjoyed a double-digit lead most of the night. He also had seven rebounds. Murphy became just the fourth player in school history and 18th in Southeastern Conference history to take at least 10 shots in a game and ...
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Israel to build 2 fences on porous Egyption border
JERUSALEM Israel's prime minister has ordered the construction of two massive fences along the long and porous southern border with Egypt, saying he wants to stem a growing flood of African asylum seekers and to prevent Islamic militants from entering the country.
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said the structure would help preserve Israel's Jewish majority, while providing a layer of protection along an open border with an area suspected of having an al-Qaida presence.
"I decided to close Israel's southern border to infiltrators and terrorists after prolonged discussions," he said in a statement. "This is a strategic decision to ensure the Jewish and democratic character of the state of Israel. Israel will remain open to war refugees but we cannot allow thousands of illegal workers to infiltrate into Israel via the southern border and flood our country," he said.
The two fences will cover nearly half of the 150-mile (250-kilometer) border. One section will be near the Red Sea port of Eilat. The other will be in southwest Israel, near the Gaza Strip town of Rafah.
Government spokesman Mark Regev said government ministers approved the plan Sunday evening. He said a date hasn't been set for construction and it is unclear how long it would take to complete the fences.
The project is expected to cost about $400 million, according to local media reports.
The structure would come in addition to a massive fence surrounding the Hamas-controlled Gaza Strip, as well as a separation barrier that snakes along parts of Israel's more than 400-mile (680-kilometer) frontier with the West Bank, biting into chunks of the territory as it runs. Egypt has its own fence along Gaza's southern border, and is reinforcing the area with underground metal plates to shut down tunnels used to smuggle goods and weapons into Gaza.
The planned Egypt fence, like the West Bank and Gaza barriers, is rooted largely in security concerns, along with efforts to keep illegal migrants out, Israel says.
The military began planning the fence in 2005 after Israel pulled out of the Gaza Strip, fearing that militants would freely travel to Egypt and sneak into Israel. These concerns were underscored in early 2007, when a Gaza suicide bomber sneaked into Eilat through Egypt.
But the massive influx of African migrants into Israel in recent years has given the project added momentum. U.N. officials and human rights workers estimate some 17,000 to 19,000 people have poured into Israel through the southern border since 2005, most of them from Eritrea, Sudan and other war-torn African countries, searching for a better life in Israel's relatively affluent Western-style society.
Most of them live in crowded slums in Tel Aviv or Eilat, where many work as dishwashers and hotel bellboys.
The new arrivals have created a dilemma for authorities. On one hand, they strain Israel's social service system, and officials fear they could upset the country's demographic mix, possibly tilting it away from a Jewish majority. About three-quarters of Israel's 7 million citizens are Jewish.
On the other hand, Israel is a country created in large part as a refuge for Jews fleeing persecution, and many feel they cannot turn their backs on the Africans, believing the government must be more sensitive to their needs.


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Online Forum Speeding Boast Leads To Conviction 457
Posted by Soulskill
from the life-in-the-fast-lane dept.
from the life-in-the-fast-lane dept.
Meshach writes "In Canada, a nineteen-year-old man has lost his driving license for six months and is facing one year of probation after the police arrested him for dangerous driving as a result of a post on an online message board. The tip apparently came from an uninvolved American who called the Canadian authorities after he saw the post bragging about how fast the man went."


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KTHV (UNDATED) -- 'Today's THV This Morning'wants to honor breast cancer heroes!
If you are a patient or asurvivor, send us your picture! Be sure to includeyour name, age, and city.You can e-mail them to email@example.com
The 'THV This Morning' crewwill be sharing your pictures throughout the month in honor of Breast Cancer Awareness Month.
Breast cancer is the number one cancer diagnosis in women and second leading cause of cancer deaths, after lung cancer.
In Arkansas, an estimated 2,100 women were newly diagnosed with breast cancer in 2011.Nearly 440 died of the disease in 2011.
Learn more about the disease and by visiting the Arkansas Department of Health'swebsite.


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Sudden Death Syndrome of Soybeans
- Sudden death syndrome (SDS) has spread to most soybean-growing states and Ontario, Canada. Many states now rank SDS second only to soybean cyst nematode (SCN) in economic losses caused to soybeans.
- Early planting and cool, moist conditions early in the growing season often result in higher incidence of SDS. The disease is usually more severe if SCN is also a problem in the field.
- SDS often appears first in low, poorly drained or compacted field areas. Though infection occurs early in the season, symptoms usually do not appear until midsummer.
- As plants lose leaf area and roots deteriorate due to SDS, yield components are affected. Flower and pod abortion are common, resulting in fewer pods and seeds. Seeds may be smaller, and late-forming pods may not fill or mature.
- SDS varies in severity from area to area, and from field to field. Growers must clearly understand the extent of infection in each of their fields to effectively manage SDS.
- Management practices for SDS include selecting tolerant varieties, planting problematic fields last, managing SCN, improving field drainage, reducing compaction, evaluating tillage systems, and reducing other stresses on the crop.
Introduction of Sudden Death Syndrome of Soybeans
Sudden death syndrome (SDS) of soybeans was first reported in Arkansas almost 40 years ago. Since then, it has spread from the mid-South Mississippi River basin to infect soybean fields in almost all soybean-growing states and Ontario, Canada. SDS favors poorly drained and/or compacted field areas that remain wet, and seasons with high rainfall. SDS continues to spread to new fields and progressively larger areas of infected fields each year. In fact, plant pathologists in many states now rank this disease as second only to soybean cyst nematode (SCN) in economic losses caused to soybeans.
SDS is caused by a virulent strain of the common soil-inhabiting fungus Fusarium solani (also called Fusarium virguliforme). This root-rotting organism infects soybean plants very early in the growing season, often as early as germination to just after crop emergence. However, above-ground symptoms occur much later, when the fungus produces a toxin that damages the leaves. This article will discuss the environmental conditions leading to SDS development, the symptoms it causes in soybeans, and the management strategies growers can use to limit its damage to the crop.
Conditions Favoring Sudden Death Syndrome Development
Like other soilborne root rots, SDS often appears first in certain spots in the field, such as low, poorly drained or compacted areas. In some cases, severe SDS outbreaks can also occur on highly productive soils with high moisture-holding capacity. Because disease severity is highly dependent on environmental conditions, time of infection and other stresses on the soybean crop, it varies from year to year and within field areas. Higher incidence of SDS often occurs when soybeans have been exposed to cool, moist soil conditions early in the growing season. Early planting is therefore much more likely to predispose the crop to SDS.
Though SDS infects soybean plants just after germination and emergence, symptoms usually do not appear until the reproductive stages of crop development (typically midsummer or later in the Midwest U.S.). The appearance of symptoms is often associated with weather patterns that bring cooler temperatures and significant rainfall to an area during flowering or pod-fill. First symptoms are often noticed about 10-14 days after heavy rains that saturate soils. Wet soils allow toxins to be produced by the fungus in the roots of the plant, which are then translocated to the leaves. These toxins are responsible for the striking foliar symptoms of SDS, even though the fungus itself remains in the roots and base of the stem, and does not invade the leaves, flowers, pods or seeds of the plant.
SDS symptoms are usually more severe if SCN is also problematic in the field. SCN increases the stress on the soybean plant, and also provides wounds through which the SDS pathogen can enter the roots.
Sudden Death Syndrome Life Cycle and Symptoms
The Fusarium virguliforme fungus that causes SDS survives in crop debris and as mycelia in the soil. The organism enters soybean roots early in the growing season. Root infection is facilitated by wounds from SCN, insect feeding and mechanical injury. The fungus colonizes the soybean root system and has been isolated from both the taproots and lateral roots, but is not found above the crown of the plant. A toxin produced by the fungus and translocated throughout the plant is responsible for above-ground symptoms.
Root and Stem Symptoms
SDS begins as a root disease that limits root development and deteriorates roots and nodules, resulting in reduced water and nutrient uptake by the plant. On severely infected plants, a blue coloration may be found on the outer surface of tap roots due to the large number of spores produced. However, these fungal colonies may not appear if the soil is too dry or too wet. Splitting the root reveals that the cortical cells have turned a milky gray-brown color while the inner core, or pith, remains white. The general discoloration of the outer cortex can extend several nodes into the stem, but its pith also remains white.
Leaf Symptoms
Leaf symptoms of SDS first appear as yellow spots, usually on the upper leaves, in a mosaic pattern. The yellow spots coalesce to form chlorotic blotches between the leaf veins. As these chlorotic areas begin to die, the leaf symptoms become very distinct, with yellow and brown areas contrasted against a green midvein and green lateral veins. Rapid drying of necrotic areas can cause curling of affected leaves. Leaves drop from the plant prematurely, but leaf petioles remain firmly attached to the stem.
Whole-Plant Symptoms
As plants lose leaf area and roots deteriorate, yield components are affected. Flower and pod abortion are common, resulting in fewer pods and seeds produced. Seeds that do develop are usually smaller. Later-developing pods may not fill, or seeds may not mature. Because plants and pods dry down faster, harvest losses may also increase in SDS-infected plants. Severity of yield reduction is highly dependent on the growth stage of the soybean plant when infection and symptoms occurred.
In some cases, premature death of the entire plant can occur without the typical defoliation symptoms, as affected plants yellow and die gradually.
Distinguishing SDS from Other Diseases
Leaf symptoms of SDS are similar to both brown stem rot (BSR) and stem canker. However, there are several characteristics that readily differentiate these diseases. To distinguish SDS from the other two diseases, first examine the outside of the stem. If the outside of the stem has large brown-black sunken lesions, then it is likely stem canker. If no lesions are present split the bottom 8 inches of the soybean stalk. If SDS is the problem, the pith (inner core) of the stem will be white, and the surrounding cortex will appear grayish-brown. In contrast, BSR will cause the pith to be dark brown while the cortex remains green.
Management of SDS
Sudden death syndrome varies in severity from area to area, and from field to field. Therefore, growers must clearly understand the extent of SDS infection in each of their fields to effectively manage the disease. This requires scouting fields when disease symptoms are present, ideally using GPS tools to map SDS-prone areas. Such maps could be overlayed with yield maps to reveal the extent of yield losses from SDS.
Once the scope of the problem is documented, a combination of crop management practices can help minimize the damage from SDS. These include selecting SDS-tolerant varieties, planting the most problematic fields last, managing SCN, improving field drainage, reducing compaction, evaluating tillage systems, and reducing other stresses on the crop.
Foliar Fungicides Not Effective
Although foliar symptoms and defoliation are trademarks of SDS, the fungus itself does not spread to the leaves. Rather, the fungus produces toxins that are transported to the leaves, while the fungus only colonizes the roots and base of the stem. For this reason, foliar fungicides are not effective in reducing damage to soybeans from SDS.
Scouting Fields
Scouting for SDS involves identifying suspect plants based on leaf and whole plant symptoms, and then looking closer at the stem and roots to distinguish SDS from other soybean diseases (see previous section on symptoms). SDS is evident from a considerable distance when full-blown above-ground symptoms develop. This usually occurs in August in the Midwest U.S.
Tolerant Soybean Varieties
Soybean varieties can show dramatic differences in tolerance to SDS infection with tolerance exhibited primarily as a reduction in symptom severity. For that reason, variety selection is a key management practice to reduce plant damage and yield loss due to SDS. To assist growers in choosing resistant varieties, Pioneer researchers rate products in multiple test sites with known historical SDS occurrence. These sites, located in three states where SDS is problematic, are irrigated and/or planted early to encourage SDS development. Tolerance data are collected and analyzed across years to determine the appropriate SDS tolerance score. Due to continued improvements in breeding for this trait, Pioneer now has varieties that score as high as "8" for SDS tolerance on a 1 to 9 scale (9 = most tolerant).
Pioneer research efforts, including use of marker-assisted selection and the AYT™ system are providing higher levels of tolerance to sudden death syndrome (SDS) in high-yielding, elite soybean varieties. Pioneer is leading the industry in developing proprietary marker-assisted selection processes to protect soybean yield from harmful pests. Providing multiple resistance traits in the same variety is especially important to manage SDS, because both SDS tolerance and SCN resistance are frequently needed in the same product. See your Pioneer representative for information on tolerant varieties with top yield potential, SCN resistance, and other important traits for your area.
Planting Sequence
Although many growers today are reluctant to delay planting when fields are ready, research has demonstrated later planting to be effective in reducing SDS occurrence. For this reason, growers should at least consider planting high-risk fields last in their planting sequence. If this delays planting for one or two weeks, the impact on SCS occurrence could be significant. In order to schedule planting in order of lowest to highest SDS risk, growers should have scouted and documented the extent of SDS infection in each of their fields.
If growers are willing to delay planting in fields with severe SDS infection in their history, avoiding April planting dates is one possible strategy. This practice is unlikely to reduce yield from a soybean development standpoint, as soybean planting date studies in the upper Midwest have generally shown little or no yield advantage for April-planted soybeans.
Managing Soybean Cyst Nematode
SCN is a problem requiring management in many soybean fields that are also at risk to SDS. SCN increases the stress on the soybean plant, and also provides wounds through which the SDS pathogen can enter the roots. Scientists have also discovered the SDS pathogen can be carried in SCN bodies. This means that managing SCN and limiting its stress on the soybean plant is critical to also limiting damage due to sudden death syndrome.
Like SDS, SCN cannot be eradicated from an infested field. But planting SCN-resistant varieties, rotating crops, and rotating sources of SCN resistance can reduce SCN populations in the field. Keeping SCN numbers below levels that will cause significant yield loss is the primary goal of SCN management. In addition, any practice which promotes good soybean health and growth will also help against SCN.
Improving Field Drainage and Reducing Compaction
Improving field drainage and reducing compaction go hand-in-hand, as wet areas are easily compacted, and compacted areas stay wetter due to restricted soil drainage. Wet, compacted field areas fare badly in the presence of the SDS fungus. SDS infection is aided by high soil moisture conditions, and soybean roots, already inhibited by compacted and saturated soils, are further diminished by the disease.
When stress conditions develop on these fields, yields are often severely reduced due to a limited root system as well as the devastating effects of the SDS toxin on the plant. Growers should strive to improve field drainage and remediate compacted areas as a high priority to reduce the effects of SDS.
Evaluating Tillage Systems
A study conducted at the University of Missouri showed that no-till systems resulted in much higher percentages of SDS-infected leaves than disking or ridge-till with both May and June planting dates. High crop residue levels are known to result in colder, wetter seedbeds in the spring. In fields with high levels of SDS infection, growers may want to re-evaluate the tillage system they are using.
Reducing Other Stresses
Other plant stresses can render soybeans more vulnerable to SDS attack. These include herbicide stress, nutrient deficiencies, high pH, and pest pressure. Maintaining adequate soil fertility, reducing compaction and controlling weeds, diseases and insects all improve soybean growth and plant health and enable the plants to better withstand the effects of SDS.
Westphal, A., L. Xing, T. Abney and G. Shaner. 2006. Diseases of soybean — sudden death syndrome. Purdue University Extension Bulletin BP-58-W. West Lafayette, IN.
Anon. 2008. Sudden death syndrome. University of Wisconsin Soybean Plant Health. Madison, WI.
Yang, X. B. 2007. Why is sudden death syndrome found in early-planted soybeans? In Integrated Crop Management newsletter, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.


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Leaders need to show some spine
Here is another novel idea, how about putting immigration to a public vote instead of leaving it to a bunch of disinterested plutocrats to decide? Why must our "broken system" only have amnesty as a solution? Our system is not broken, it is our gutless and corrupt leaders who will not enforce the system that is broken. The proof of this is president Eisenhower's successful direct deportation of illegal immigrants. These people are the responsibility of the Mexican government. Why won't liberals put the effort into making Mexico accountable to their people that they make to make me responsible for them?
Jeremy Dunn


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KUALA LUMPUR, Malaysia -- Some 26 countries are now involved in the massive international search for Malaysia Airlines Flight 370, authorities said Monday.
The unprecedented hunt is taking place as preliminary investigations revealed that the plane's co-pilot may have spoken the last words to air-traffic controllers.
Malaysia Airlines CEO Ahmad Jauhari Yahya said at a news conference that initial indications are that the co-pilot of the missing jetliner is the one who calmly said, All right, good night.
Officials previously have said that those words came at a point in the March 8 flight when one of the jetliner's data communications systems already had been switched off.
The timing of the last words has sharpened suspicions that one or both of the pilots may have been involved in the plane's disappearance.
The development comes as the search-and-rescue mission has been extended to what officials are calling two corridors that the plane may have flown from its last known position. One is an arc north toward central Asia, the other is an arc south toward the southern Indian Ocean and Australia.
Australian Prime Minister Tony Abbott told parliament that he agreed to take the lead scouring the southern Indian Ocean for the ill-fated aircraft during a conversation Monday with Malaysia's leader.
Australia will do its duty in this matter, Abbott told parliament. We will do our duty to the families (of the 227 passengers and 12 crewmembers) on that aircraft who are still absolutely devastated by their absence, and who are still profoundly, profoundly saddened by this as yet unfathomed mystery.


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Briefly (June 8)
'Click It' brings 286 seat belt citations
The Wichita Falls Police Department completed the 2012 "Click It Or Ticket" program Sunday. Its purpose was to enforce compliance with state safety restraint laws. These results were reported:
Seat belt citations, 286; child restraint citations, 7; other citations, 57; arrests, 4; hours worked, 229.
Nocona rodeo to kick off today
Nocona celebrates the 60th anniversary of the Chisholm Trail Round-Up Rodeo today and Saturday with traditional rodeo action, a parade and the crowning of a rodeo queen.
Rodeo action happens both nights at 7:30 p.m. at the arena. The rodeo parade will be at 5 p.m. Saturday. A barbecue dinner will be served from 6-7:30 p.m. at the rodeo grounds.
Advance tickets are $10 at the gate. Children younger than 12 get in free.
Barbecue lunch set for Bellevue reunion
Anybody who has attended Bellevue High School is invited to the 2012 reunion Sunday. Registration is at 10 a.m. and a barbecue lunch will be served at a cost of $8 for adults and $4 for children younger than 10. For more information, call 940-9265.
Bark for Life event to aid Cancer Society
The American Cancer Society will sponsor the annual Bark for Life 5:30-8 p.m. today at Allingham Park in Vernon.
Mandy Krieg, Relay for Life chairman, said the group is about $2,000 short of its $40,000 goal, and she hopes the event will put it over the top.
Residents are invited to bring their canine friends. All dogs must be on a leash. Registration fee is $15.
Activities will include the best human howl, look-a-like, best dog trick, best costume, as well as largest and smallest dogs. Vendors, a silent auction, T-shirt sales, a dunking booth, hot dogs, clowns, and a photographer also will be part of the event.
For more information, call 940-839-7718.
Vocalist to give free concert Saturday
Vocalist Andrew Jamison will give a recital at 2:30 p.m. Saturday at Wesley United Methodist Church, 1526 Weeks St.
Jamison, a baritone, will perform a 40-minute concert. Refreshments will be served. Admission is free, but donations will be accepted to help fund his tuition to the Opera Breve Vocal Intensive.
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DMC 100% Electronic Medication Verification Will Help Eliminate Errors Like The One That Nearly Killed Dennis Quaid's Babies
DETROIT, March 12 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- During a highly emotional appearance on The Oprah Winfrey Show Tuesday (March 10), Hollywood actor Dennis Quaid warned that "computerized record-keeping and bar coding in hospitals" could have prevented the medication error that nearly killed his infant twins in 2007. While calling for a paperless system of "medication verification" that could eliminate such dangerous medication mistakes in hospitals forever, Quaid told Winfrey: "That's going to save lives - a lot of lives!"
Quaid's stark description of the "medical nightmare" he endured after his twins were given 1,000 times too much of a blood-thinning drug at a Los Angeles hospital electrified the audience, which responded enthusiastically to his suggestion that hospitals should immediately implement electronic records in order to prevent medication tragedies caused by handwriting-linked mistakes.
At the Detroit Medical Center, the good news for patients is that the "paperless" electronic medical records system Dennis Quaid advocates has already been up and running. EMR and Medication verification scanning began in the first DMC hospitals and Emergency Departments April 2006, with all of its hospitals completing the project in May 2007.
The pioneering EMR breakthrough, in use throughout the DMC hospitals, requires that physician's orders, test results and other patient records be collected and processed online. The new technology reduces the risk of potentially dangerous medication errors by up to 90 percent, since it prohibits all handwriting in the prescribing and dispensing of drugs.
The new 100% Electronic Medication Verification for managing medications calls for repeated scanning of electronic barcodes by caregivers, with verified accuracy-
|SOURCE Detroit Medical Center
Copyright©2009 PR Newswire.
All rights reserved


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5 years ago: Historic 2008 flood
INDIANAPOLIS - Flooding of historic proportions ravaged much of Indiana a little more than five years ago.
The Flood of 2008 will be remembered for the inundation of rain, up to 11 inches in some areas south of Indianapolis, and the devastation it left behind.
RTV6 and TheIndyChannel.com received thousands of pictures in the days during and after the historic flooding that caused millions of dollars in damage and took many years to recover from.
Here's a look back at those dramatic images:
2008 Flood Pics: http://bit.ly/1dSXUsI
More 2008 Flood Pics: http://bit.ly/15AoUtu
More 2008 Flood Pics: http://bit.ly/1dpPASH
More 2008 Flood Pics: http://bit.ly/1ck3GBY
More 2008 Flood Pics: http://bit.ly/14aXFCe


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- Chateau by the Sea
- Coastal Waters Inn
- Coconut Palms
- Colony Beach Club
- Coronado Arms
- Coronado Cove
- Coronado Del-Mar
- Coronado Towers
- Ebb Tide
- Errol by the Sea
- Golden Arms
- Hacienda del Sol I
- Hacienda del Sol II
- Holiday Cove North
- Inlet Marina Villas
- Kiawah Bay
- Las Brisas
- Malibu
- Mariners Cove
- Marker 33
- Mediterranean
- Minorca
- Moontide
- New Smyrna Marina, The Village
- Ocean Club at Turtle Mound
- Ocean Club North
- Ocean Club South
- Ocean Inlet Yacht Club
- Ocean Palms Beach Club
- Ocean Reef
- Ocean Sands Beach Club
- Oceania Beach Club
- Oceanside Village
- Oceanwalk
- Palm House
- Pelican
- Point East
- Ponce de Leon Towers
- Private Homes
- SandCastle
- Sandpiper
- Schooner Point
- Sea Coast
- Sea Coast Gardens
- Sea Dunes
- Sea Villas
- Sea Woods
- Seafire
- Seascape Towers
- Seaside Villas
- Seaward
- Shore Villas
- Shorehom by the Sea
- Silver Sands
- Smyrna Beach Club (formerly Oceanview Towers)
- Smyrna Dunes
- Southeaster
- Southwind
- Sugar Mill
- Sun Beach Club
- Sunrise
- Surf & Racquet Club
- Surfside
- The Inlet
- The Oaks
- The Ocean Condos
- The Wave
- Tradewinds
- Turnbull Bay
- Tymber Trace
- Venetian Bay
- Villas at Dune Point
- WaterMark
- Win-San
- Yacht Club Island
- Atlantic Sand Dollar Beach Club
- Atlantic Villas
- Bahamian Club
- Bouchelle Island
- Castle Reef
- Cearra Del Ray
- Cedar Dunes
- Cedar Island Club
- Chadham by the Sea
- Other New Smyrna Beach Properties
This property allows you to book online with a credit card. After submitting a reservation request, the owner or manager has 24 hours to accept, at which time your card will be charged and you will receive an email confirmation
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Recent New Smyrna Beach reviews
"Location. View. Fully stocked. Immediate follow through. Nice looking. Pool. Comfortable with children. The perfect vacation. This is my second summer visiting my family who rents these beach houses. My family of 4 families and all the guests like us have been renting in New Smyrna for 35 years-this rental opportunity is our favorite! We will be back next year. For example, one of the refrigerators was not cooling like we wanted and the next day we had a new refrigerator. If there are any little problems, the owner immediately takes care of us. This living area is comfortable and easy to relax in. There is a gopher tortoise living on the property; it is fun to see where he might appear next. The pool is great. The boardwalk to the beach is short. It is very safe. Looking for a beach vacation? I highly recommend renting here."Guest: Cindymae Date of Stay: June 2014 Review Submitted: July 14, 2014View listing
"My wife & I had the good fortune to stay at this unit in both July & Oct of 2014. The owners could not have been any more accommodating. We had no idea that October in New Smyrna could be so nice. Hopefully a return trip is in the cards for 2015."Guest: C.P. Date of Stay: October 2014 Review Submitted: December 4, 2014View listing
"Did a girls weekend getaway to celebrate a birthday and no one could have been happier with our accommodations. I will definitely return in the future. Condo is very comfortable, great location to walking to anything you would want, and end unit was a plus. Toilet paper would have been nice to have been in the bathroom when we arrived as well as some hand soaps replenished. In the end we found it all there."Guest: Sue C. Date of Stay: November 2014 Review Submitted: November 13, 2014View listing
"We have stayed at this condo a number of times. The location is fantastic, amenities work well for our family, and it's quiet. The condo itself has everything you need to cook at home, wash, entertain, etc. We love that the living area is open with access to a beautiful ocean view. The property is clean and well-maintained. The rental agency was accomdating and friendly. I highly reccommend!"Guest: Kirsten Date of Stay: December 2014 Review Submitted: February 19, 2015View listing
New Smyrna Beach Travel Tips
Set on the Atlantic shoreline near the center of the eastern border of Florida, New Smyrna Beach is a relaxing and beautiful destination for those looking to get out in the sun, sand and surf. Located only an hour from Orlando, it's perfect for those who like to have an option between the comfort of a resort town and the thrill of the city.
New Smyrna Beach Attractions
White sand beaches
With over 13 miles of breathtaking white sand beaches, the natural landscape of the shoreline at New Smyrna Beach is a must-see. The seemingly endless beach allows for a whole host of activities and cultures. Surfing, fishing, bird watching and a plethora of different water sports can be explored on any given day while strolling along the beach. Located just north of Canaveral National Seashore, the beaches in New Smyrna offer all the beauty of some of our nation's most loved coastal scenery while simultaneously giving off the vibe of a quaint surf town.
Embrace the arts
A perfect destination for those who love to take in the artistic side of things, New Smyrna Beach was named one of "America's Top Small Cities for the Arts." Each year, the calendar in NSB is absolutely packed with different art shows and classes featuring both performance and traditional artistic mediums. The Atlantic Center for the Arts, which offers residency programs to artists and classes to the public, is open year-round and considered one of the foremost artistic hubs in the area. New Smyrna Beach also boasts a local theater (known colloquially as "The Little Theater") and has multiple street fests celebrating the local arts community each year, such as Arts on Douglas.
New Smyrna Beach Things to Do
Hit the surf
Along this lavish length of white sand, you'll find people engaging in just about any beach activity you can imagine. Still, one of these pastimes stands out more than anything in New Smyrna, and that's surfing. Known for its vibrant community of surfing enthusiasts, New Smyrna Beach has been named to National Geographic's list of the World's 20 Best Surf Towns. Those with little to no experience looking to hit the waves should check out Nichols Surf Shop and Cafe. Located near the beach on Flagler Avenue, the shop is open 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. every day and offers great food as well as surfboard, skim board, boogie board and kayak rentals.
In business since 1969, Nichols Surf Shop and Cafe is the single oldest surf shop in all of New Smyrna Beach. A charming building, the cafe was first built in 1910 as a Sears mail-order home. Before becoming the current site of the cafe, the bungalow was occupied by several different tenants, including multiple mayors of New Smyrna Beach. Nowadays, Nichols Cafe makes the perfect pit stop for people headed out to the beach or back home from it. If you're gearing up for a big day out on the waves, fuel up with their BLT or their world-famous chicken salad. Inversely, for those looking for a reward after a long day at the beach or out on the water, you'd do better to pick up some of the banana bread or chocolate-covered espresso beans. Nichols is a spot for relaxation, so feel free to come by and simply take in the view with a glass of lemonade, a cup of coffee or one of their wonderful oasis fruit smoothies.
Slow ride, take it easy
Visitors to New Smyrna Beach are often taken aback by the drive-on beach that allows cars to traverse its sandy lengths. Pack the family into the rental car and pull onto the sand to experience beautiful Florida coastline from your own personal chariot. Cruise for a while until you find a place to park, then pull a blanket out and enjoy the day in the sun! Remember, there's an enforced 10 mile-per-hour speed limit, so be sure to leave your lead foot at the hotel. Remain in the marked traffic lanes at all times, and stay out of conservation areas to ensure that the beach stays beautiful for the visitors that come after you.
Love our links
With fantastic year-round weather conditions, New Smyrna Beach is a favorite destination among golfers of all skill levels. Each of the town's many courses feature at least nine holes, while several of the more expansive clubs have 27 different tee boxes. Those looking for a professional experience on a fast, beautiful course should consider visiting Hidden Lakes Golf Course. Featuring a wonderfully challenging, par-69 18-hole layout, this course is one you won't quickly forget. Plus, with lessons for the kids and a fully stocked bar in the pro shop, there's something for everyone. Take an afternoon away from the hustle and bustle of the beach to come and play through 18 holes.


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Early domesticated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) from Central Ghana.
Keywords: Ghana, Kintampo, domestication, cowpea, pearl millet, oil palm, subsistence
Recent research has raised new issues on the nature of subsistence activities practised by the Kintampo, a Later Stone Age (LSA) tradition of West Africa dating to 3600-3200 BP (Casey 2005; Gautier & Van Neer 2005; Watson 2005; D'Andrea et al. 2006). The relevant sites for the most part are found in present-day Ghana, distributed from southern coastal regions to the far north (Figure 1). In addition to ceramics, Kintampo peoples possessed a material culture that included daub architecture, rasps, microliths, chipped and ground projectile points, ground stone axes, grinding stones and objets de parure (i.e. bracelets, pendants and quartz beads) (Watson 2005). Settlement patterns are quite varied, ranging from semi-sedentary villages to rock shelters occupied on a temporary basis (Davies 1962; Flight 1968; Dombrowski 1980; Stahl 1985a & b; Casey 1993; 2000; Watson 2005). Kintampo subsistence has been of interest to many scholars since the early 1960s (e.g. Davies 1962; Flight 1976; Posnansky 1984; Andah 1993; Anquandah 1993; Stahl 1993; Casey 2000; 2005; Watson 2005). Studies to date have demonstrated that a wide array of wild animal and plant resources were utilised by the Kintampo, many of which continued to be procured by later populations until recent times (Carter & Flight 1972: 278; Rahtz & Flight 1974: 28; Stahl 1985b: 138-41; Casey 1993: 85-86; 2000: 33-37; Gautier & Van Neer 2005: 203-6).
Kintampo groups were also in possession of domesticated species including pearl millet (D'Andrea et al. 2001), a forerunner of N'dama cattle and caprines (Carter & Flight 1972: 278; Stahl 1985b: 138-40; Gautier & Van Neer 2005: 202; Watson 2005: 25). Furthermore, specialised techniques, involving arboricultural practices have been suggested for the exploitation of oil palm by Kintampo peoples of south-central Ghana (D'Andrea et al. 2006). Here we report the identification of an additional domesticated species, the cowpea, surviving in the form of charred remains recovered from rock shelters at the 'B-sites' (Boase-sites) (Figure 1) in Central Ghana. We then discuss the implications of these new finds for interpretations of prehistoric West African subsistence during the fourth millennium BP.
Archaeobotanical research at the B-sites
The B-sites comprise six rock shelter loci excavated under the auspices of the Kintampo Archaeological Research Project (KARP), which began in 1998 (Watson & Woodhouse 2001; Watson 2003; 2005). They are situated in the Buokem Hills, approximately 27km south-west of the modern village of Kintampo in Central Ghana (Figure 1) (Watson 2005: 7-10). The local habitat consists of semi-deciduous forest/savanna ecotone, similar to that in which the nearby rock shelters K1 and K6 are located (Flight 1968; 1976; Rahtz & Flight 1974; Stahl 1985b). The B-sites probably represent a single multi-component site occupied at various rimes by Kintampo and another ceramic LSA population known as the Punpun (Watson 2005: 10). Details of stratigraphy, excavation methods and flotation sampling procedures are summarised elsewhere (Watson 2005: 7-10; D'Andrea et al. 2006).
The B-sites have been intensively sampled for archaeobotanical remains (Watson 2005: 10; D'Andrea et al. 2006; here Table 1). A total of 40 flotation samples was examined which produced five identified taxa including oil palm endocarp and kernels (E. guineensis), incense tree endocarp (C. schweinfurthii), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata var. unguiculata), seeds belonging to the pea family (Fabaceae), and pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) (the term 'seeds' here includes a number of botanical elements such as cotyledons, fruits, pericarp, etc.). Other categories include unidentifiable seeds, probable oil palm endocarp (cf. E. guineensis), probable incense tree endocarp (cf. C. schweinfurthii), unidentifiable endocarp and unidentifiable plant remains. These archaeobotanical data indicate that the loci may represent, in part, specialised sites for the production of palm oil (D'Andrea et al. 2006). One cowpea specimen from B6B, Horizon 4 was submitted for radiocarbon dating by AMS (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry), with a resulting date of 3410 [+ or -] 60 bp, 1830-1595 cal BC at 95.5% c.i. (TO 11883). This date confirms a Kintampo association and is consistent with other AMS determinations obtained from B6B (Table 2).
B-Sites cowpea remains
A total of 16 fragmentary specimens identified as domesticated cowpea (V. unguiculata var. unguiculata) is present in the B-sites flotation samples. An additional 11 specimens have been identified as probable (cf.) cowpea (Table 1). Illustrations of Bsites cowpeas are presented in Figures 2A-C and 3A & B. Unfortunately only three fragile specimens were complete, making it possible to obtain no more than minimal metrical data. All three specimens fall into the same ranges as domesticated cowpeas identified from archaeological sites in Burkina Faso (Table 3) (Kahlheber 2004). The B-sites specimens display several features indicative of domesticated cowpea (Figure 4A). They lack lateral compression present in some accessions of the wild progenitor, V. unguiculata var. spontanea (Figure 4B). Instead charred cotelydons are asymmetric in outline and orate in cross-section. The hilum is broad and relatively large (unlike those of Sesbania, Tephrosia and Rhynchosia), located at or near the centre of the seed (unlike many wild Vigna species), and situated very dose to the chalaza (Figure 5). The ventral side tends to be flattened and the dorsal side extended, resulting in lower B/H (breadth/height) ratios in comparison to wild V. unguiculata. Other possible Fabaceae candidates native to tropical forest margin areas have been excluded based on differences in seed size and shape, including Bambara ground nut (Vigna subterranea) and Kersting's ground nut (Macrotyloma geocarpum) (Figure 4C & D). Another feature that appears to be characteristic of charred cowpea is wrinkles present on the inner surface of cotyledons, as illustrated in Figure 2C; however the diagnostic value of this criterion is unknown (Kahlheber 2004).
Cowpea ecology and domestication history
Cowpea is a widely grown crop in the semi-arid and sub-humid zones of Africa and Asia. It is the most significant legume crop grown in Africa today, particularly in West and Central Africa which typically dominate world production (Faris 1965: 433; Rawal 1975; Lambot 2002: 368). Cowpea constitutes a major dietary source of protein for many sub-Saharan populations. The cotyledons contain approximately 22-27 per cent protein and provide a well-balanced complement of essential amino acids (Busson et al. 1959: 13-14; Lambot 2002: 368-9). When mixed with cereals, protein quality is significantly improved. Leaves are an excellent source of beta-carotene, ascorbic acid and folacin (Johnson & Raymond 1964: 71-2; Bressani 1985: 356-7; Burkill 1995: 479; Nielsen et al. 1997: 328-9). Cowpeas are consumed by humans and livestock in a variety of ways. In human diets, the seeds are eaten after boiling or roasting and they can be ground into flour to make breads. Green pods are consumed fresh and the leaves are grown as a nutritious potherb or are dried and made into soups. Various parts of the plant are used medicinally, and in making dyes and textiles (Hebbs & Hill 1946; Burkill 1995: 479). As a green fodder, cowpea is particularly advantageous because individual plants continue to grow and produce leaves even after they have been cut back several times (Irvine 1956: 35; Rachie & Roberts 1974: 61; Westphal 1974: 231; Burkill 1995: 479).
Cowpea is primarily a savanna species, highly adapted to marginal environments and depauperate field conditions where other crops do not perform well. It is a dependable food security crop in semiarid and forest-margin regions of tropical West and Central Africa (Rachie & Roberts 1974: 45; Westphal 1974: 213; Skerman et al. 1988: 479; Lambot 2002: 368). Early maturing varieties can produce a harvest in as little as two or three months with green pods ready after 50 days (Purseglove 1968: 326; Rachie & Roberts 1974: 45). Sizeable yields can be achieved without the use of fertilizers and with minimal tending (Skerman et al. 1988: 479-80). Rapid flowering may represent an adaptation to short and variable growing seasons of the northern savannas. Cowpea is commonly intercropped with pearl millet and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and also cultivated in pure stands (Rachie & Roberts 1974: 45; Purseglove 1968: 326; Westphal 1974: 230; Lush & Evans 1981: 583).
Ng (1995: 329) has proposed that humans initially collected wild cowpea as fodder for livestock. He posits that early cattle-herders gathered entire plants by uprooting, an activity which would have created selection pressure for indehiscent pods. Cowpeas were eventually planted for human consumption, at which time people selected for non-shattering pods, reduced seed dormancy and larger seeds and pods. If cowpea resembles other pulses, however, increases in seed and pod sizes may have been delayed (Ladizinsky 1987: 61-4; Fuller & Harvey 2006: 256-7). Short-day cultivars (needing less than 12 hours of daylight in which to flower) probably evolved first in the savannas and were adapted to cereal farming systems. These types are normally found in higher latitudes where maturation occurs toward the end of the rainy season, allowing the plant to take full advantage of available moisture during flowering (Rachie & Roberts 1974: 55; Ng 1995: 329). Day-neutral cultivars evolved later through introgression with wild subspecies present in the humid tropics, and were incorporated into yam-based farming systems (Steele & Mehra 1980: 398; Lush & Evans 1981: 585; Ng 1995: 329). The scenario proposed by Ng (1995) may have some merit, given that livestock were domesticated several thousand years before crops in Africa (Marshall & Hildebrand 2002). However, to date there is no archaeological evidence for domesticated cowpea among early agro-pastoralist populations in the savanna/Sahel regions, including at the site of Birimi which was extensively sampled for macrobotanical remains (D'Andrea & Casey 2002). Furthermore it may be less likely that Kintampo groups were growing cowpea as a fodder based on zooarchaeological data which indicate that livestock were not present in significant numbers (Casey 2005; Gautier & Van Neer 2005).
The domestication history of cowpea remains to be fully elucidated. Complicating factors include the enormous variability of morphological features in both wild and domesticated forms and the wide geographical distribution of the wild progenitor. Hybridisation between cultivated and wild types has also contributed to increasing diversification (Pasquet 1996; 1999; 2000; Coulibaly et al. 2002; Ba et al. 2004). This degree of variation has resulted in the publication of several taxonomic treatments (e.g. Verdcourt 1970; Rawal 1975: 700; Mar,chal et al. 1978; Lush & Evans 1981; Ng & Mar,chal 1985; Pasquet 1993a & b; 1997; 1999; Coulibaly et al. 2002). The absence of the wild progenitor outside Africa indicates that cowpea was domesticated somewhere on the African continent, and several domestication locales have been proposed (Murdock 1959; Faris 1965: 449; Sauer 1969; Vaillancourt & Weeden 1992:1194). Phylogenetic studies and linguistic evidence indicate that the crop originated in tropical West Africa (Faris 1965; Rawal 1975: 706; Mar,chal et al. 1978: 191-6; Ng & Mar,chal 1985; Vaillancourt & Weeden 1992:1198; Panella et al. 1993: 384; Blench 1994-95: 92; Ng 1995: 329), with a second possible centre of origin in Botswana (Panella et al. 1993: 383-4). Recent studies using amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis (AFLP) have concluded that the two most likely areas of domestication are tropical West or north-eastern Africa (Coulibaly et al. 2002: 365). This work and a subsequent study using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) has ruled out the possibility of domestication in southern and eastern Africa (Ba et al. 2004: 547). A northern or north-eastern origin has been argued based on the absence of true ecologically wild cowpea in West Africa (Pasquet & Baudoin 2001: 187-88; Coulibaly et al. 2002: 365). However, the paucity of available accessions of the wild progenitor from Sudan, Eritrea and Ethiopia (Pasquet 1999:1118), as well as questions about the efficacy of AFLP and RAPD methods to infer crop origins (Allaby & Brown 2003; 2004; Salamini et al. 2004) have precluded a final assessment. More data are necessary, therefore, to demonstrate a specific area of origin for cowpea (Panella et al. 1993: 384; Pasquet 1999: 1118; Coulibaly et al. 2002: 365; Ba et al. 2004: 547). In any case, it has been determined that a single domestication event occurred in a circumscribed region (Panella & Gepts 1992; Pasquet 1999; Coulibaly et al. 2002: 364; Ba et al. 2004: 547).
The B-sites AMS date of 1830-1595 cal BC represents the earliest archaeological evidence to date of cowpea in Africa, and as such, this determination lends some support to a West African origin for this crop. It is difficult, however, to build a strong case based on a single radiocarbon age estimate. The B-sites specimens predate the earliest securely dated cowpea in India at 1700-1500 cal BC (Fuller 2003: 242-3). This points to an early and rapid spread of cowpea to India. However, additional genetic as well as baseline archaeological data are required to determine the location and timing of cowpea domestication in Africa.
Cowpea and Kintampo subsistence
Cowpeas may also be present at K6, where they are described as being very common in Kintampo deposits. Based on their abundance, Flight (1976: 217-18) argues that they were cultivated, but there was insufficient evidence to determine whether seeds came from domesticated plants. He further contends that the small size of the K6 cowpeas was the result of shrinkage due to charring (Flight 1976: 218). In later excavations at K6, Stahl (1985b: 141; 1994: 76) recovered four legume seeds which bore a resemblance to cowpea, but at roughly 5mm in length they were judged to be smaller than available reference specimens. As a result, they were conservatively identified to the family Leguminosae (=Fabaceae). Recent work has shown that a length of 5mm falls within the range of domesticated cowpea land races (Kahlheber 2004). In any case, low numbers of cowpeas in Kintampo archaeological contexts may not necessarily reflect their economic insignificance. Pulses are often under-represented in archaeological sites because they can be highly susceptible to deterioration by breaking down into two cotyledons (Gasser & Adams 1981: 183-4).
It has recently been proposed that the Kintampo people were derived from Sahelian foragers who were acculturated into an agro-pastoral economy during a long period of coexistence of forager-fishers and pastoralists (Watson 2005: 28-32). Modifications of subsistence regimes probably took place as they occupied more humid zones. This would have included the adoption of forest resources such as oil palm and incense tree (D'Andrea et al. 2006), and several species of wild fauna. North of the B-sites at Birimi, the cultivation of pearl millet among Kintampo occupants differed from those of agro-pastoral peoples present further north in the Sahel (Klee et al. 2000: 232; Klee & Zach 1999: 87; Neumann 1999: 78-9; Vogelsang et al. 1999: 60-1; Kahlheber & Neumann, in press). Late-maturing forms of pearl millet were selected from a secondary centre of diversity that developed around Lake Chad (Tostain 1998:481). These forms, which are highly adapted to savanna habitats, were probably introduced to the region near Birimi during an arid phase when the crop was displaced south of the Sahel (D'Andrea et al. 2002: 160-2). Although the area of cowpea origin remains to be determined, if initially domesticated in a savanna habitat, and day-neutral cultivars evolved as the crop was introduced to the forest zone (Ng 1995: 329), the B-sites cowpeas may have arrived in central Ghana as a result of this process. Furthermore these introductions may have taken place over a similar time frame, with the earliest known pearl millet at Birimi dating to 3460 [+ or -] 200 BP (D'Andrea et al. 2001: 343) and the B-sites cowpeas to 3410 [+ or -] 60 BE However, additional ANIS dates of Kintampo pearl millet and cowpea are necessary to determine whether this was a widespread phenomenon.
Subsistence links to savanna, Sahel and northern regions are evident in domesticated species identified in Kintampo contexts, including cattle, caprines, pearl millet and cowpea. Both pearl millet and cowpea are early-maturing, arid-adapted crops that tolerate poor environments, and are able to produce respectable harvests with minimal tending (Skerman et al. 1988: 479-80). Such crops would seem to be particularly well-suited to populations with higher mobility, such as agro-pastoralists occupying savanna regions following the onset of aridification c. 4500 BP, who may have been looking to minimise risk and establish predictable food supplies (Gifford-Gonzalez 2005: 204-6; Marshall & Hildebrand 2002). Biological indicators at Kintampo sites that demonstrate the use of locally available forest resources are all, strictly speaking, wild species, including land snails, freshwater fish, reptiles, large rodents, antelopes, primates, oil palm, incense tree and Celtis (Stahl 1985b: 139-41; Gautier & Van Neer 2005:196-202; D'Andrea et al. 2006). The available archaeobotanical and zooarchaeological evidence attests to a heterogeneous origin of foods procured and produced by the Kintampo, representing a mosaic of effective solutions taken to obtain both wild and domesticated resources.
Farmers or foragers?
How is one to characterise such a wide-ranging set of subsistence strategies evidently practised by Kintampo peoples? Recently, investigators have drawn attention to the diversified nature of the subsistence economy (Casey 2005: 236-9; Watson 2005: 30-1; D'Andrea et al. 2006), and some have argued that it is not possible to define the Kintampo and other African prehistoric societies (Casey 2005: 240; Neumann 2005: 249) as strictly 'foragers' or 'farmers'. This is a situation that is not unique to Africa, which, like many other regions of the world, provides unambiguous examples of prehistoric foraging and farming societies, along with cultures that do not fit neatly into such categories (cf. Smith 2001; Zeder 2006). The existing evidence suggests that the Kintampo economy, at the very least, can be characterised by 'low level food production with domesticates' (Smith 2001: 14-17); however it would seem premature at this stage to arrive ata conclusion on the economic importance of wild vs. domesticated resources. Despite new data available on species utilised by the Kintampo, overall only a handful of sites has been systematically sampled for plant and animal remains. Archaeobotanical studies have been completed at only three sites (Stahl 1985 a: 141; D'Andrea et al. 2001; 2006; D'Andrea & Casey 2002), while zooarchaeological interpretations (Stahl 1985a: 210-4; Gautier & Van Neer 2005: 201-2) are based on very low MNIs (Minimum Number of Individuals) of both domesticated and wild animals (Stahl 1985a: Table 4.12). Although the agro-pastoral component of the economy is now known to have been significantly more complex than was previously understood, at this point in time there appears to be no firm basis upon which to conclude that either farming or foraging was the dominant subsistence activity practised by the Kintampo.
Laboratory analysis and AMS determinations completed on the B-sites macro-remains were funded by a Simon Fraser University Institutional Grant to ACD. Caroline Lefebvre and Meridith Sayre (Simon Fraser University) assisted in the sorting of B-sites samples, through financial support provided by the Simon Fraser University Work Study Programme. Ali drawings were completed by Barbara Voss (University of Frankfurt). We benefited immensely from several informative discussions about cowpeas with Dr Don Faris (formerly of the Research Branch, Agriculture Canada). In addition, we are grateful to Dr Thierry Vanderborght (National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Meise) who provided Vigna reference specimens for comparative purposes. We thank Dr Laurence A. Pavlish (University of Toronto) who read and commented on various drafts of this paper and Shannon Wood (Simon Fraser University) for assistance with Figure 1. Helpful suggestions were also made by two anonymous reviewers. Dr R,my Pasquet (Institut de Recherche pour le D,veloppement, Nairobi) kindly sent us difficult-to-acquire reference specimens, and we appreciate his patience as we discussed at length the B-sites cowpeas.
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D'ANDREA, A.C. & J. CASEY. 2002. Pearl Millet and Kintampo Subsistence. African Archaeological Review 19(3): 147-73.
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A.C. D Andrea (1), S. Kahlheber (2), A.L. Logan (3) & D.J. Watson (4)
(1.) Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
(2.) J.W. Goethe-Universitat, Institut fur Archeologische Wissenschafien, Gruneburgplatz 1, D-60323 Frankfurt, Germany
(3.) Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, 1109 Geddes Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA 48109
(4.) 183 Castlemilk Drive, Glasgow G45 9JT, UK
Table 1. Macrobotanical remains from 134C, B5C and 136B. Seed Count Pennisetum Vigna cf. V. glaucum unguicilata unguicculata CONTEXT LOCUS B4C Layer 1 -- -- -- Layer 2 -- -- -- Layer 3 -- -- -- B4C Total 0 0 0 LOCUS B5C Horizon 1 -- -- -- Horizon 2 -- -- -- Horizon 3 1 -- 2 B5C Total 1 0 2 LOCUS 13613 Horizon 1 -- -- -- Horizon 2 -- 1 Horizon 3 -- -- 0 Horizon 4 -- 15 6 B6B Total 0 16 16 TOTAL 1 16 11 ALL SITES Unidentifiable Total Seed CONTEXT Fabaceae Seed Fragments Count LOCUS B4C Layer 1 -- -- 0 Layer 2 -- -- 0 Layer 3 -- 1 1 B4C Total 0 1 1 LOCUS B5C Horizon 1 -- 14 14 Horizon 2 -- -- 4 Horizon 3 -- 25 28 B5C Total 0 43 46 LOCUS 13613 Horizon 1 -- -- 0 Horizon 2 5 Horizon 3 11 3 Horizon 4 6 48 B6B Total 922 56 TOTAL 9 66 103 ALL SITES Elaeis cf. E. guineensis E. guineensis guineensis CONTEXT endocarp kernels endocarp LOCUS B4C Layer 1 3.30 -- 0.85 Layer 2 2.69 -- 1.12 Layer 3 0.13 -- -- B4C Total 6.12 0.00 1.97 LOCUS B5C Horizon 1 4.87 -- 2.10 Horizon 2 29.10 -- 2.37 Horizon 3 15.22 -- 0.00 B5C Total 49.19 0.00 4.47 LOCUS 13613 Horizon 1 26.05 -- 1.31 Horizon 2 46.15 -- 2.55 Horizon 3 47.20 -- -- Horizon 4 500.70 0.18 2.75 B6B Total 620.10 0.18 6.61 TOTAL 675.41 0.18 13.05 ALL SITES Weight (g) Canarium cf. E. schweinfurthii schweinfurthii Unidentiafiable CONTEXT endocarp endocarp Endocarp LOCUS B4C Layer 1 -- -- -- Layer 2 -- -- -- Layer 3 -- -- -- B4C Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 LOCUS B5C Horizon 1 1.62 0.09 3.29 Horizon 2 0.42 0.62 7.74 Horizon 3 1.03 0.20 21.28 B5C Total 3.07 0.91 32.31 LOCUS 13613 Horizon 1 0.28 0.01 9.24 Horizon 2 0.56 -- 12.72 Horizon 3 -- -- 0.38 Horizon 4 2.21 0.38 30.12 B6B Total 3.05 0.39 52.46 TOTAL 6.12 1.30 84.77 ALL SITES Total Unidentiafiable CONTEXT Endocarp Charcoal Plant Remains LOCUS B4C Layer 1 4.15 1.99 0.07 Layer 2 3.81 10.93 -- Layer 3 0.13 11.67 0.77 B4C Total 8.09 24.59 0.84 LOCUS B5C Horizon 1 11.97 3.83 0.02 Horizon 2 40.25 2.91 0.02 Horizon 3 37.73 8.54 nil B5C Total 89.95 15.28 0.04 LOCUS 13613 Horizon 1 36.89 3.30 0.18 Horizon 2 61.98 1.68 0.28 Horizon 3 47.58 0.30 -- Horizon 4 536.34 1.26 0.35 B6B Total 682.79 6.54 0.81 TOTAL 780.83 46.41 1.69 ALL SITES Average E. guinnensis CONTEXT Density Sediment LOCUS B4C Layer 1 0.22 20.15 Layer 2 0.37 10.25 Layer 3 0.02 8.00 B4C Total -- 38.40 LOCUS B5C Horizon 1 0.09 66.19 Horizon 2 1.51 32.26 Horizon 3 0.38 67.64 B5C Total -- 166.09 LOCUS 13613 Horizon 1 2.38 14.00 Horizon 2 3.60 11.52 Horizon 3 4.44 10.65 Horizon 4 12.53 27.54 B6B Total -- 63.71 TOTAL -- 268.19 ALL SITES Table 2. Locus B6B AMS determinations. Unit Horizon Lab. No. Material 2 5 GX 28710 b.v. collagen 2 4 TO 11883 cowpea cotyledon 2 4 TO 11238 oil palm endocarp 1 2 GX 29106 charcoal Unit Depth (cm) Date (uncal. bp) 2 50 3230 [+ or -] 40 2 70 3410 [+ or -] 60 2 70 3460 [+ or -] 50 1 101 3470 [+ or -] 40 Unit cal. BC * cal. BP * 2 1610-1410 3560-3360 2 1830-1595 3780-3545 2 1885-1680 3835-3630 1 1890-1680 3840-3630 * 95.5% confidence interval. Table 3. Metrical data for West African V. unguiculata var. unguiculata. Dimensions (mm) B-sites Burkina Faso (Kahlheber 2004) Length 5.0-6.3 3.7-9.7 Breadth 3.6-4.6 2.4-6.6 Height 3.4-4.2 3.0-6.1 Length:Height 1.5-1.6 0.9-2.1 Breadth:Height 0.9-1.1 0.7-1.4 Length:Breadth 1.4-1.8 1.0-2.3
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BAG RAIDER // VALENTINE'S DAY DREAMPosted: February 14th, 2014 | Author: givafizz | Filed under: music | No Comments »
Anyone for some pure, unadulterated nu-disco on Valentine's? Don't mind if I do! Bag Raiders are a disco & house duo formed in 2006 in Sydney, consisting of DJs Chris Stracey and Jack Glass. The duo are signed to the Modular label and have a host of their own remixes and original tracks. Give this mix a spin. Love & kisses. Team Givafizz.
Tracklist for the lovers:
Chet Baker – My Funny Valentine
Daft punk – something about us
Preatures – is this how u feel (classixx remix)
Touch Sensitive – show me
Hayden James – permission to love
Cyril Hahn + javeon – breaking
L'equipe du son – lesson 1 (legendary 1979 orchestra remix)
Ornette – crazy (blackjoy remix)
Hot Toddy – down to love
Telepopmusik – Breathe
Perseus – shadow of the beast
Knightlife – waterfall
Toro y moi – rose quartz
Vangelis – love theme
Connan Mockasin – I'm the man that will find you
Linstrom & christobelle – high & low