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The present invention concerns a polymeric film hook netting comprising a continuous film backing having a net section formed of plurality of a first set of thermoplastic strands extending in a first direction and a second set of integral strands extending in a second direction at least one of which strands has upstanding hook elements and a second integral non-net film section.
1. A polymeric film hook netting comprising a continuous polymeric film backing having a net section and a second integral non-net film section, where the net section is formed of a first set of a plurality of thermoplastic strands extending in a first direction and a second set of a plurality of integral strands extending in a second direction at least one of which sets of strands has upstanding hook elements.
2. The polymeric film hook netting of
3. The polymeric film hook netting of
4. The polymeric film hook netting of
5. The polymeric film hook netting of
6. The polymeric film hook netting of
7. The polymeric film hook netting of
8. The polymeric film hook netting of
9. The polymeric film hook netting of
10. The polymeric film hook netting of
11. A fastening tab for an article comprising a polymeric film hook netting having a continuous film backing having a net section formed of plurality of a first set of thermoplastic strands extending in a first direction and a second set of integral strands extending in a second direction at least one of which strands has upstanding hook elements and a second integral non net film section for attachment to the article.
12. The fastening tab of
13. The fastening tab of
14. The fastening tab of
15. The fastening tab of
16. The fastening tab of
17. The fastening tab of
18. The polymeric film hook netting of
The present invention concerns an extrusion formed reticulated web, mesh or netting, which can be formed as reticulated hook fasteners for use with hook and loopfasteners.
Formation of net structures from a profile extruded film is disclosed in US patent Applications 2004/0170802 and 2004/0170801 where a film is provided with integral ribs. The film backing is cut at a angle transverse to the ribs forming a first set of strands for the netting. The second set of strands is formed from the coextruded ribs. Following the cutting step the film is elongated in the transverse direction to the cut, generally along the length of the coextruded ribs opening the film up to create the netting. Hooks can be formed on the net strands formed by this method by providing profiled ridges with hook profiles that are also cut during the net formation process. This is a continuous method and creates a strong net hook structure. Incorporating this net hook into a fastening tab structure however is difficult.
The present invention is directed at a hook fastening tab net structure formed from polymer netting formed from an extruded film. The extruded film netting has a first hook net section which is three dimensional, and has a first face and a second face and a second substantially planar second non-net section. The extruded film forming the netting is intermittently cut in regular intervals along a cut line dimension on one or more faces or alternatively in alternating fashion on the first face and the second face in the three dimensional section, but not through at least a portion of a planar backing section that becomes the non-net section. At least one face of the three dimensional section has a plurality of profiled ridges or ribs that have the cross-sectional profile of a hook head, and extend at least partially transverse to the cut line dimension. The cut film is then stretched (oriented) at least partially transverse to the cut line dimension creating a hook netting characterized by net strands extending in the cut line dimension which strands have a width preferably substantially equal to the hook head width, and an integral non-net section. By "integral", as defined for this invention, it is meant that the net section and non-net sections or the various strands are contiguous, boundaryless structures formed from the same polymer film backing, i.e. without seams, bonding or the like. Integral would not mean side-by-side connected materials, laminates of two or more materials or the like. The polymer netting is preferably made by a novel adaptation of a known method of making hook fasteners as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,266,113; 3,557,413; 4,001,366; 4,056,593; 4,189,809 and 4,894,060 or alternatively U.S. Pat. No. 6,209,177, the substance of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety.
The preferred method generally includes extruding a thermoplastic resin through a die plate, which die plate is shaped to form a nonplanar or three dimensional film section which could be either a backing with a regularly oscillating peak and valley base structure that oscillates from a top surface to a bottom surface forming longitudinally extending ridges using both faces of the film, or a substantially planer base with ridges or ribs extending from at least one and generally both faces of the base, and a second substantially planar backing section. This planar section could also have ridges or ribs on one or both faces but will have a substantially planar backing that would not be cut in the subsequent cutting step forming the net section from the three dimensional section. The hook netting section is formed by transversely cutting through the film three dimensional film section in the thickness dimension (Z dimension) at spaced intervals along a length (X dimension), at a transverse angle, to form discrete cut portions. The cuts can be on one or both faces of the three dimensional film and are at least through the ridges having a hook head profile. Subsequently, longitudinal stretching of the film (in the direction of the ridges or the X dimension or direction) separates these cut portions of the three dimensional film backing, which cut portions then form one set of strands or legs of the hook netting, namely the transverse extending strands or legs (Y dimension) of the hook netting. The ridges, or continuous uncut regions of an oscillating backing, between the cut lines on an uncut face create lands or strands, and these uncut portions of the ridges or backing form the lengthwise strands (X dimension) of the hook netting section.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts in the several views, and wherein:
A method for forming a hook netting of the invention is schematically illustrated in
The film 10, as shown in
In the embodiment of
The film of the embodiment of
After cutting of the film 10 the film is longitudinally stretched at a stretch ratio of at least 2:1 to 4:1, and preferably at a stretch ratio of at least about 3:1, preferably between a first pair of nip rollers 60 and 61 and a second pair of nip rollers 62 and 63 driven at different surface speeds preferably in the lengthwise direction. This forms the open three dimensional netting shown in, e.g.,
Stretching causes spaces 43, 43′ between the cut portions 31 of the film and creates the longitudinal strands 41, 41′ by orientation of the uncut portions of the film. In the embodiment of
The second embodiment of
The netting is formed having transversely extending strands 44, 44′ that are created by the cut portions of the three-dimensional section extending in the cross direction and longitudinally extending strands 41, 41′ created at least in part by uncut portions of the film 10 or opposing ridges 23. When tension or stretching is applied to the film 10 in the lengthwise direction, the cut portions 31 of the film separate, as shown in the embodiments of
The invention netting is characterized by having no bond points or bonding material at the cross-over points of the transverse and longitudinal strands or between the net section 33′ and the non-net section 34′ as they are all formed of one integral film backing. The net and non-net sections (33′ and 34′) are integrally formed of a continuous thermoplastic material. The connection between the strand elements and the non-net section 34′ is created in the film formation process where the strands are created by cutting of an integral film. As such the net at the strand cross-over points and the net non-net boundary is a continuous homogeneous polymeric phase. Namely, there are no interfacial boundaries caused by fusion or bonding of separate strand elements at the strand cross-over points or between the two sections.
Preferably, at least one set of strands and the non-net section has molecular orientation caused by stretching; this generally would be the longitudinal strands. These oriented strands could be of any cross-sectional profile and would tend to become rounded due to polymer flow during stretching. Orientation creates strength in these strands providing a dimensionally stable web in the direction of orientation with continuous linear strands. Unoriented strands are generally rectilinear in cross-section due to the cutting operation. In the embodiment of
Suitable polymeric materials from which the netting of the invention can be made include thermoplastic resins comprising polyolefins, e.g. polypropylene and polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, nylons, polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate and the like and copolymers and blends thereof. Preferably the resin is a polypropylene, polyethylene, polypropylene-polyethylene copolymer or blends thereof.
The netting can also be a multilayer construction such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,501,675; 5,462,708; 5,354,597 and 5,344,691, the substance of which are substantially incorporated herein by reference. These references teach various forms of multilayer or coextruded elastomeric laminates, with at least one elastic layer and either one or two relatively inelastic layers. A multilayer netting could also be formed of two or more elastic layers or two or more inelastic layers, or any combination thereof, utilizing these known multilayer coextrusion techniques.
Inelastic layers are preferably formed of semicrystalline or amorphous polymers or blends. Inelastic layers can be polyolefinic, formed predominately of polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, or polyethylene-polypropylene copolymer.
Elastomeric materials which can be extruded into film include ABA block copolymers, polyurethanes, polyolefin elastomers, polyurethane elastomers, EPDM elastomers, metallocene polyolefin elastomers, polyamide elastomers, ethylene vinyl acetate elastomers, polyester elastomers, or the like. An ABA block copolymer elastomer generally is one where the A blocks are polyvinyl arene, preferably polystyrene, and the B blocks are conjugated dienes specifically lower alkylene diene. The A block is generally formed predominately of monoalkylene arenes, preferably styrenic moieties and most preferably styrene, having a block molecular weight distribution between 4,000 and 50,000. The B block(s) is generally formed predominately of conjugated dienes, and has an average molecular weight of from between about 5,000 to 500,000, which B block(s) monomers can be further hydrogenated or functionalized. The A and B blocks are conventionally configured in linear, radial or star configuration, among others, where the block copolymer contains at least one A block and one B block, but preferably contains multiple A and/or B blocks, which blocks may be the same or different. A typical block copolymer of this type is a linear ABA block copolymer where the A blocks may be the same or different, or multi-block (block copolymers having more than three blocks) copolymers having predominately A terminal blocks. These multi-block copolymers can also contain a certain proportion of AB diblock copolymer. AB diblock copolymer tends to form a more tacky elastomeric film layer. Other elastomers can be blended with a block copolymer elastomer(s) provided that they do not adversely affect the elastomeric properties of the elastic film material. A blocks can also be formed from alphamethyl styrene, t-butyl styrene and other predominately alkylated styrenes, as well as mixtures and copolymers thereof. The B block can generally be formed from isoprene, 1,3-butadiene or ethylene-butylene monomers, however, preferably is isoprene or 1,3-butadiene.
With all multilayer embodiments, layers could be used to provide specific functional properties in one or both directions of the netting or hook netting such as elasticity, softness, stiffness, bendability, roughness or the like. The layers can be directed at different locations in the Z direction and form hook element cut portions or uncut portions that are formed of different materials. For example, if a cut portion is elastic, this results in a net which is elastic in at least the transverse or cut direction. If the uncut portions are elastic this would result in a netting that may be closed but is elastic in the longitudinal direction.
The hook elements formed on the cut portions form a reticulated netting having hook engaging elements providing a breathable, compliant and deformable hook netting. A hook netting of this type is extremely desirable for limited use articles such as disposable absorbent articles (e.g., diapers, feminine hygiene articles, limited use garments and the like), particularly with the uncut nonplanar non-net section 54 forming an attachment surface. In this case the net portion would form a fastening portion of a fastening tab and have a size appropriate for this end use. The non net section would function as an attachment surface to attach to the absorbent garment and could be joined to the absorbent article such as by sonic bonding, an adhesive (which could be a pressure sensitive adhesive "PSA" coating on the non-net area). The net area could be further reinforced by attachment to a nonwoven material, which would maintain its flexibility and breathability while adding further strength and softness. A preferred method would be by hydroentangling a nonwoven with the net hook section.
A hook net material containing both net and non-net areas was made using apparatus similar to that shown in
The precursor film (approximately 13 cm width) was then advanced through a cutting station possessing a vacuum shoe that ordinarily serves to keep the film flat. However, a 100 micron thick, 5 cm wide piece of silicone tape had been placed on the surface of the cutter shoe. This served to elevate the center 5 cm of the precursor film such that the cutting blades would cut deeper into the web in this area than it would in the areas that were in direct contact with the vacuum shoe. In this manner, the elevated precursor film (the three dimensional section) was passed through the cutting station such that the upper ribs and the base layer (but not the lower ribs) were transversely cut at an angle of 23 degrees measured from the transverse direction of the film, over the center 5 cm of the film which had been elevated by the silicone tape. In the surrounding areas of the film, where the film was not elevated by the silicone tape, the upper ribs only (i.e. not the base layer or lower ribs) were cut at the same 23 degree angle. The spacing of all cuts was 305 microns. After cutting the ribs, the base of the precursor film was longitudinally stretched at a stretch ratio of approximately 3.65 to 1 between a first pair of nip rolls and a second pair of nip rolls to further separate the individual hook elements to approximately 8.5 hooks/cm. There were approximately 15 rows of ribs or cut hooks per centimeter. The upper roll of the first pair of nip rolls was heated to 143 C to soften the web prior to stretching.
Where the base layer had been cut, the stretching served to generate openings so as to produce a hook net section similar to that shown in
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Stuart man hits friend with wrench during argument, sheriff's report says
STUART — A Saturday evening argument about money between two friends ended when one used a wrench to strike the other, according to a Martin County Sheriff's Office arrest report.
On Saturday deputies charged Tim Letendre, 49, of the 5600 block of Southeast Collins Avenue, with aggravated battery after his friend accused him of hitting him in the back of the head with a pipe wrench, the report states..
Letendre told deputies the two argued about money the friend owed him. Letendre claimed the friend grabbed a pipe wrench and that he took the tool away from his friend and hit him with it, the report states.
As of Monday, Letendre was being held at the Martin County Jail on $10,000 bail.
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The Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Section promotes litigation alternatives by providing a forum for information-exchange and discussion, and serving as a liaison with the judiciary. The Section, led by the Executive Committee, also presents several MCLEs and networking opportunities throughout the year.
Wednesday, May 26, 2015, from 12:00 p.m. - 1:00 p.m.
Managing the "Money Dance" in Negotiation and Mediation
Please join the ACBA ADR Section and speaker Jessica Notini for an interactive discussion of best practices in mediating and negotiating during the bargaining phase, or the "money dance."
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