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Gender and stroke symptoms: a review of the current literature.
Ischemic stroke accounts for 87% of the 780,000 strokes occurring annually in the United States and is a leading cause of death and functional limitations worldwide. The prompt recognition of stroke symptoms and timely arrival at the emergency room are important to stroke outcomes. Recent literature was suggestive that women may have different stroke symptoms compared with men. If women have nontraditional symptoms at stroke onset, this may contribute to delay in diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of this manuscript was to review the current literature regarding gender differences in stroke symptoms. Ten articles met the inclusion criteria for the review. Overall, the extant research was not indicative of robust gender differences in the classic symptoms of stroke or a greater frequency of nontraditional symptoms in women. One study found that women were significantly more likely than men to report nonspecific "somatic" symptoms, and in another study women were significantly more likely to have a change in mental status compared with men. Implications for nursing practice and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Stroke is a leading cause of death and functional limitations worldwide for both sexes, but there is evidence that the burden of stroke falls disproportionately on women. In comparison with men after stroke, women had greater limitations in activities of daily living (Di Carlo et al., 2003) and poorer quality of life in the areas of mental health and physical functioning (Gray et al., 2007). In addition, women had 30% lower odds of receiving tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) than men (Reeves, Bhatt, Jajou, Brown, & Lisabeth, 2009). These disparities are of concern because tPA is the only approved therapy to reduce the functional limitations caused by ischemic stroke, and there is evidence that women derive greater benefit from tPA than men (Kent, Price, Ringleb, Hill, & Selker, 2005).
The reasons for lower tPA rates in women are not yet fully understood. Delayed patient arrival at the hospital is considered the main reason for low tPA use (Deng et al., 2006), and some researchers found that women took longer to reach the hospital than men (Barr, McKinley, O'Brien, & Herkes, 2006; Mandelzweig, Goldbourt, Boyko, & Tanne, 2006). Delay seeking medical assistance for stroke is an important barrier to optimum stroke care because tPA should be administered within 4.5 hours after symptom onset (del Zoppo, Saver, Jauch, & Adams, 2009). There also was evidence in the literature that women were more likely to have "nontraditional" stroke symptoms than men (Labiche, Chan, Saldin, & Morgenstem, 2002). If women have a unique pattern of symptoms at stroke onset, this may contribute to their delay seeking medical assistance.
Although gender differences in the symptoms of myocardial infarction are well documented (Chen, Woods, Wilkie, & Puntillo, 2005; Lovlien, Schei, & Gjengedal, 2006), less is known about possible gender differences in stroke symptoms. The purpose of this article is to review the current literature regarding gender differences in stroke symptoms.
Ischemic stroke is emphasized in this article because it accounts for the 87% of the 780,000 strokes occurring annually in the United States (Rosamond et al., 2008).
Ischemic Stroke Etiology and Risk Factors
The World Health Organization defines stroke as "a focal (or at times global) neurological impairment of sudden onset, and lasting more than 24 hours (or leading to death), and of presumed vascular origin" (World Health Organization, 2006). There are two main types of stroke: hemorrhagic and ischemic. Hemorrhagic stroke occurs when there is bleeding from a vessel in the brain (intracerebral hemorrhage) or bleeding into the space between the inner and the outer layers of the tissue covering the brain (subarachnoid hemorrhage). Ischemic stroke is due to the occlusion of an artery in the cerebral circulation by atherosclerotic plaque, thrombus or embolus.
Well-documented risk factors for ischemic stroke include hypertension, diabetes, cigarette smoking, physical inactivity, obesity, cardiovascular disease, high levels of total cholesterol, and atrial fibrillation (Goldstein et al., 2006). Risk factors unique to women include pregnancy and puerperium (James, Bushnell, Jamison, & Myers, 2005) and combination (estrogen plus progesterone) postmenopausal hormone therapy (Wasserthiel-Smoller et al., 2003). Migraine headaches may increase ischemic stroke risk in younger women (Goldstein et al., 2006).
Certain groups have a higher incidence of stroke. African Americans are almost twice as likely as Caucasians to have a first-time stroke (Rosamond et al., 2008). In most age groups, men have a higher incidence of stroke than women. However, in the 34 and younger and the 75 and older age groups, the incidence of stroke is higher for women (Reeves et al., 2008). Because of their greater longevity, the female population in the United States has an excess of 60,000 strokes each year (Rosamond et al., 2008).
When an artery in the brain is occluded by atherosclerotic plaque, thrombus or embolus, ischemia may result. Ischemia is defined as a reduction in cerebral blood flow sufficient to cause an alteration of cerebral function (Smith, 2004). Ischemia triggers a complex series of cellular metabolic processes during which glucose and oxygen deprivation cause acidosis, depolarization of the cell membrane, and disturbances in intracellular calcium and sodium (Siejo, 1992). Cell death from ischemia occurs through two mechanisms: In apoptosis, the cell nucleus degrades and initiates a self-destruct sequence, and in necrosis there is a breakdown of cellular architecture (Smith, 2004). It is estimated that 2 million brain cells die every minute after ischemic stroke onset (Saver, 2006).
An area of tissue on the periphery of the main site of infarction undergoes a lesser degree of ischemia because of collateral circulation (Smith, 2004). The cells in this area, which is called the ischemic penumbra, remain viable for several hours after the onset of ischemia and may be salvaged if blood flow is restored through spontaneous recanalization or therapy with tPA. The tPA restores blood flow by cleaving the enzyme precursor plasminogen into plasmin, which dissolves the insoluble protein component of the blood clot blocking the artery (Ouriel, 2004).
It is customary to describe the symptoms of ischemic stroke with reference to the artery in which the occlusion occurs and the region of the brain supplied by that artery, which is called an arterial territory (de Freitas & Bogousslavsky, 2004). This practice is followed because stroke symptoms generally correspond to the brain functions of an arterial territory. Table 1 presents the main arteries in the cerebral circulation, arterial territories, and stroke symptoms.
The American Stroke Association (ASA) lists five main categories of stroke symptoms: (a) numbness or weakness of the face, arm, or leg, especially on one side of the body; (b) confusion or trouble speaking or understanding; (c) trouble seeing in one or both eyes; (d) trouble walking, dizziness, or loss of balance or coordination; and (e) severe headache with no known cause (www.strokeassociation.org). Of these symptoms, the most frequent at the onset of ischemic stroke were motor weakness (70%), speech disturbances (46%), and gait disturbances (37%) (Kimura, Kazui, Minematsu, & Yamaguchi, 2004). Dizziness or vertigo without other symptoms usually is not indicative of a stroke (Kerber, Brown, Lisabeth, Smith, & Morgenstern, 2006). Subarachnoid hemorrhage often is associated with the sudden onset of a severe headache (Naguma et al., 2008).
Although stroke usually is characterized by the sudden onset of neurological symptoms, prodromal symptoms may occur before the day of hospital admission (Stuart-Shor, Wellenius, DelloIacono, & Mittleman, 2009). After symptom onset, new symptoms may develop or existing symptoms may worsen over the course of several days. Stroke symptoms may appear at any time of the day or night, but there is a circadian pattern with a peak incidence between 6 a.m. and noon and the lowest incidence between midnight and 6 a.m. (Turin et al., 2009). Multiple factors likely contribute to the timing of stroke onset including circadian fluctuations in vascular tone, blood pressure, and coagulation factors (Manfredini et al.,
The PubMed database was searched for English-language journal articles published in the years 1994-2009 using the keywords stroke, ischemic, symptoms, clinical presentation, women, and gender. To be included in the review, the aim of the study must have been to compare stroke symptoms between women and men or this comparison must have been part of a larger study. The reference lists from the articles generated by the database search were examined to identify additional articles of relevance.
Ten publications were found on the basis of the search criteria. The articles included six prospective studies and four retrospective studies. Two of the prospective studies obtained data about stroke symptoms through interviews with the patient or a proxy. In two studies, stroke symptoms were classified as "traditional" or "nontraditional," and in one study researchers assessed "somatic" symptoms. One study included data about prodromal symptoms. Regarding the types of stroke represented in the studies' samples, three studies consisted of ischemic stroke only, two studies included both ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA), four studies included both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, and one study included ischemic stroke, TIA, and hemorrhagic stroke.
The results of the review are structured according to the ASA symptom categories, and an additional section describes studies that included nontraditional, somatic, and prodromal symptoms. Not every study presented data on all stroke symptoms, and the terms used to delineate stroke symptoms sometimes varied between studies. Of the five studies with both hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, only one study conducted a symptom by gender by stroke type analysis.
Details of the sample, design, and methods for the studies in this review are presented in Table 2.
Numbness or Weakness in Face, Arm, and Leg
Weakness in an arm, a leg, or the face is a frequent symptom of ischemic stroke and was present in 70% of persons in a large sample (N = 15,831; Kimura et al., 2004). The results of this literature review were mixed regarding gender differences in weakness. Barrett et al. (2007) reported that weakness was significantly more frequent in women (69%) than in men (59%) (p = .03) on one of two scales used to assess neurological status at time of hospital admission. Di Carlo et al. (2003) found that weakness was more common in men (46% of men versus 43%, p = .05) but the reverse for paralysis (42% female versus 36% male, p < .001). Although Labiche et al. (2002) reported greater motor weakness in males (24% male versus 19% female; OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.57-1.02), when a more conservative confidence interval was applied, the statistical significance of this finding was diminished. In the other six studies reporting data about this symptom cluster, there were no gender differences.
Sensory symptoms such as numbness and tingling were less frequent at ischemic stroke onset than weakness and were reported by 15% of persons in the sample of Kimura et al. (2004). No gender differences in sensory symptoms were found in the studies in this review.
Confusion, Trouble Speaking, or Understanding
An analysis of data from the NINDS Stroke Data Bank was conducted to assess gender differences in aphasia because of previous reports of excess female aphasia with stroke (Hier, Yoon, Mohr, Price, & Wolf, 1994). The results of the analysis of Hier et al. (1994) were indicative that women with ischemic stroke (23%) were more likely to have aphasia compared with men (19%) (p = .09). Roquer, Campello, and Gomis (2003) also found greater aphasia in women (29%) than in men (22%) (p < .001, OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.17-1.85). Similarly, compared with men, women were more likely to have aphasia (30% male versus 34% female, p < .001) and dysarthria (36% versus 32%, p < .001) in an analysis by Di Carlo et al. (2003). Because Di Carlo et al. assessed clinical state at time of maximal impairment during the first 7 days after stroke, the gender differences in aphasia and dysarthria found in this study may not be reflective of symptoms at hospital admission. No gender differences in communication abilities were found in the remaining seven studies.
Trouble Seeing in One or Both Eyes
Visual disturbances are not a frequent symptom of ischemic stroke and were present in only 4% of patients (Kimura et al., 2004). Gender differences in visual symptoms were found in two studies in this review. Roquer et al. (2003) reported that women (17%) were more likely to report visual problems than men (14%) (p = .05, OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.02-1.78). Lisabeth, Brown, Hughes, Majersik, and Morgenstem (2009) found a female excess of double vision, but it was of marginal significance (p = .06). In the six other studies in the review containing data on visual disturbances, there were no gender differences.
Trouble Walking, Dizziness, or Loss of Balance or Coordination
The combination of gait disturbances and vertigo/dizziness accounted for 46% of the symptoms associated with ischemic stroke onset (Kimura et al., 2004). Gender differences for this cluster of symptoms were found in three of the studies in this review. Gargano, Wehner, and Reeves (2009) reported that 14% of men had trouble walking, dizziness, or loss of balance or coordination compared with 9% of women (p < .01). More men (14%) than women (6%) had gait disturbances in another analysis (Rathore, Hinn, Cooper, Tyroler, & Rosamond, 2002). Imbalance was more frequent in men (20% male versus 15% female; OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.51-0.97) in the Labiche et al. (2002) analysis, but after statistical adjustment, the significance of this finding was reduced. Four studies in the review did not report data on this cluster of symptoms, and in the remaining three that did so, there was no significant gender difference in trouble walking, dizziness, or loss of balance or coordination.
In the literature, the frequency with which persons with ischemic stroke reported headache varied between 3% (Kimura et al., 2004) and 23% (Tentschert, Wimmer, Greiseneggerm Lang, & Lalouscheck, 2005). In one study, headache was more common in women (31% women versus 22% men, p = .0001; Kapral et al., 2005). However, 19% of the Kapral et al. (2005) sample had hemorrhagic stroke with a female excess of SAH, which could have accounted for the excess of headache in women. The other four studies containing data about headache in this review did not reveal evidence of gender differences in headache.
Nontraditional, Somatic, and Prodromal Symptoms
Labiche et al. (2002) classified stroke symptoms into 14 categories and then grouped the categories into traditional symptoms (sensory, gait, imbalance, motor, dysarthria, aphasia, facial droop, visual abnormalities, and vertigo/dizziness) and nontraditional symptoms (pain, change in level of consciousness/disorientation, and unclassifiable neurological and nonspecific symptoms). Twenty-eight percent of women compared with 19% of men reported a nontraditional stroke symptom (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.2-2.2). More women (12%) than men (8%) had pain. The type/location of pain was not specified. Change in level of consciousness/disorientation was more common in women (17% female versus 12% male). The magnitude of these differences was diminished after statistical adjustment. The excess of hemorrhagic stroke in women (12% female versus 6% male) in this sample may have contributed to the greater female frequency in change in level of consciousness/disorientation. Efstathious et al. (2002) found that decreased level of consciousness predicated intracranial hemorrhage but not ischemic stroke.
Lisabeth et al. (2009) defined nontraditional stroke symptoms as face or body pain, mental status change (disorientation, confusion, or loss of consciousness), lightheadedness, headache, general neurological symptoms (nausea, hiccups, and nonfocal weakness), and nonneurological symptoms (chest pain, palpitations, or shortness of breath). Compared with men, women were significantly more likely to a have a change in mental status (p = .03). Gargano et al. (2009) found a trend that did not reach statistical significance for the nontraditional symptom of "pain other than headache" for women with ischemic stroke and TIA.
Stuart-Shor et al. (2009) created a "somatic" cluster of symptoms by grouping together headache, change in behavior, difficulty understanding, nausea, and change in vision, feels "funny," fatigue, malaise, or "other" symptoms. Because this study included only persons with ischemic stroke, the authors considered headache a somatic rather than classic stroke symptom. Compared with men, women with ischemic stroke were more likely to report that they had at least one "somatic" symptom within 24 hours of hospital admission (p = .008). However, there were no significant gender differences in specific somatic symptoms. There also were no gender differences in the classic symptoms of stroke (weakness, numbness, difficulty speaking or understanding, trouble walking, vision change, headache, and clumsiness) between women and men within 24 hours of hospital admission.
The preceding study was the only study found in the database search in which gender differences in prodromal symptoms of stroke were examined. Stuart-Shor et al. (2009) defined prodromal symptoms as either classic or somatic symptoms occurring before 24 hours of hospital admission. When somatic symptoms were grouped into one variable, women were more likely than men to report any somatic prodromal symptom (p = .03). With regard to specific symptoms in the prodromal period, men were more likely than women to report weakness or clumsiness (50% men versus 37% women, p = .008).
Implications for Nursing
Reaching a definitive conclusion from this review of gender differences in stroke symptoms was hampered by the relatively small body of literature on this topic and methodological differences among the studies. In particular, the inclusion of both hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke in several of the studies in this review may have obscured potential gender differences in symptoms for each type of stroke.
On the whole, the results of this review were not indicative of robust gender differences in the classic symptoms of stroke or a greater frequency of nontraditional or unique symptoms in women. One study found that women were significantly more likely than men to report nonspecific "somatic" symptoms (Stuart-Shor et al., 2009), and in another study women were significantly more likely to have a change in mental status compared with men (Lisabeth et al., 2009). Importantly, neither of these two studies included persons with hemorrhagic stroke, thus avoiding confounding of the results due to differences in symptom patterns between the two main types of stroke. Therefore, nurses who perform triage in the emergency room or practice in a primary care setting and neuroscience nurses who may witness a first or recurrent stroke should be aware that a change in mental status or somatic symptoms may be indicative of stroke in women.
On the basis of the lack of consistent gender differences in stroke symptoms in the present literature, it seems advisable that in their patient education efforts, nurses should continue to emphasize the classic symptoms of stroke provided by the ASA. In the analysis by Stuart-Shor et al. (2009), 97% of both women and men reported at least one of the ASA symptoms in the 24 hours before hospital admission. Nurses also should discuss with clients the importance of seeking prompt medical assistance once these symptoms are noticed. An analysis by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that fewer than half (42%) of 7,901 stroke patients arrived at the emergency department within 2 hours of symptom onset (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2007).
A recent public education campaign stressed the importance of calling 911 for suspected stroke symptoms (www.strokealert.org). Persons with stroke who are transported to the hospital by ambulance arrived significantly earlier than people who used other means of transportation, and these individuals were seven times more likely to receive tPA than persons who arrived at the hospital by other means (Deng et al., 2006). Thus, nurses should encourage the use of emergency medical services for suspected stroke symptoms.
On the basis of the results of this review, several directions for further research are suggested. First, more studies are needed in which data about stroke symptoms are obtained through interviews. This method of data collection may enable researchers to identify atypical and/or nonspecific symptoms in addition to those identified by Stuart-Shor et al. (2009). If such symptoms are found, studies can be designed and conducted to look for gender differences in these symptoms. Second, studies in which data are analyzed according to stroke type will reduce any effect that the inclusion of all types of stroke may have on study outcomes. Third, replication of the Lisabeth et al. (2009) study will provide further evidence of gender differences in change in mental status as a presenting symptom of ischemic stroke.
Another area of future research concerns the presence of prodromal symptoms. Although public education materials emphasize the sudden onset of stroke symptoms, Stuart-Shor et al. (2009) found that 35% of persons in their ischemic stroke sample reported prodromal symptoms, with a greater frequency in women. The fact that women tended to report a prodromal symptom more often than men is intriguing in light of research suggestive of greater delay in women's help seeking for stroke symptoms. Although it cannot be definitively known if these prodromal symptoms were related to stroke, a better understanding of the type and time frame of these symptoms may eventually have implications for earlier diagnosis and treatment of stroke in women.
A coming epidemic of stroke in women is anticipated because of the combination of an aging population, the women's greater longevity, and the increase of stoke incidence with age (Reeves et al., 2008). Because of these trends, nurses increasingly will provide care to women who have had a stroke or may be at risk for stroke. Nurses should be aware that the symptoms of stroke as provided by the ASA are the usual presenting symptoms of stroke in both women and men and that women may be more likely to experience nonspecific somatic symptoms and a change in mental status associated with stroke onset.
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Questions or comments about this article may be directed to Claudia C Beal, MN RN, at firstname.lastname@example.com. She is a doctoral candidate at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX.
TABLE 1. Arterial Territories and Stroke Symptoms Artery Arterial Territory Symptoms Internal Ipsilateral blindness; carotid contralateral hemiparesis; sensory loss; aphasia Middle Lateral cerebral Hemiparesis; sensory loss; cerebral hemisphere; internal homonymous hemianopia capsule; basal ganglia (blindness in one half of the visual field of both eyes); contralateral gaze paresis; aphasia; sensory loss Anterior Frontal lobe Hemiparesis; motor neglect; cerebral (medial aspect) speech disturbance; sensory loss in contralateral leg Posterior Occipital lobe; medial Homonymous hemianopia; color cerebral aspect of temporal lobe blindness; oculomotor palsy; memory disturbance; sensory loss; amnesia Basilar Thalamus; cerebellum; Contralateral hemiparesis; artery medulla; pons ipsilateral facial weakness; branches eye movement disturbance; dysarthria Note. Adapted from "Cerebral Infarction," by J. C. Brust in Merritt's Neurology (pp. 295-303), edited by L. Rowland, 2005, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. TABLE 2. Details of Studies in Literature Review Sample n (% Female), Author/Country Stroke Type (%) Design Barrett et al. (2007)/ 505 (45) Prospective United States I (100) Multicenter DiCado et al. (2003)/ 4,499 (50) Prospective Europe I (61) Multicenter H (12) Gargano et al. (2009)/ 1922 (54) Prospective United States I (67) Multicenter TIA (23) H (10) Hier et al. (1994)/ 805 (53) Retrospective United States I (70) H (27) Kapral et al. (2005)/ 3323 (46) Prospective, Canada I (78) stroke registry H (19) Labiche et al. (2002)/ 1124 (58) Prospective United States I (65) Multicenter TIA (22) H (8.7) Lisabeth et al. (2009)/ 461 (49) Prospective United States I/TIA (100) Rathore et al. (2002)/ 474 (47) Retrospective United States I (85) H (15) Roquer et al. (2003)/ 1581 (48) Prospective Spain I (100) Stuart-Shore et al. (2009)/ 1107 (55) Retrospective United States I (100) Author/Country Variables to Assess Stroke Symptoms Barrett et al. (2007)/ Two stroke scales that assess United States neurological status DiCado et al. (2003)/ Clinical status at time of maximal Europe impairment Gargano et al. (2009)/ Symptom report at admission United States Hier et al. (1994)/ Data bank records United States Kapral et al. (2005)/ Data on symptoms abstracted from Canada medical records Labiche et al. (2002)/ Symptoms assessed by interview United States Lisabeth et al. (2009)/ Symptoms assessed by interview United States Rathore et al. (2002)/ Medical record review United States Roquer et al. (2003)/ Clinical state at admission Spain Stuart-Shore et al. (2009)/ Medical record review United States Note. I = ischemic stroke; TIA = transient ischemic attack; H = hemorrhagic stroke.
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Second-generation immigrants able to integrate well
I ATTEND a Mandarin service at a heartland church. There are many Chinese immigrants in my congregation ("White Paper debate: Who's xenophobic?"; Thursday).
Many are permanent residents whose children were born here and have integrated well into our society.
Most of them speak in Mandarin to their parents at home, but under the broader influence of their social circles and the school environment, their command of the English language is better than that of the Chinese language.
Socially and culturally, they have assimilated seamlessly into our society, regarding themselves as Singaporean rather than from China.
It takes only one generation for immigrants to integrate into our society. Second-generation immigrants are true-blue Singaporeans.
Catherine Soh (Ms)

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Results 1 to 22 of 22
Thread: Sanctuarie's Sketchnook
October 4th, 2006 #1
Sanctuarie's Sketchnook
- Similar Threads
- SketchBook: Cow_Trix's Sketchnook
Hide this ad by registering as a memberOctober 4th, 2006 #2
October 4th, 2006 #3
October 4th, 2006 #4
The first sketch is a little old and the last two are this year.
October 4th, 2006 #5
Quick piece of art using a 1.00 canvas, pencil, pen, and watercolor.
October 4th, 2006 #6
You have a nice start here, but the main thing that I would work on is your anatomy. Some of your proportions are off, for instance, in your first post the left eye seems to be moving around to the side of the head and in the last post the head and the leg seem way to big for the torso. Other than that, I think that you have some good line work going on, so keep up the good work and it will pay off. Hope to see more.
October 5th, 2006 #7
I definitely have a trouble with the two Ps a lot: Proportion and Perspective. Something I hope that if I keep practicing I will overcome. Thank you for the critique, it is much appreciated.
October 5th, 2006 #8
October 5th, 2006 #9
This is my progress on this image so far. I am ok with it but my digital painting is so so and I am little to reliant on the smudging tool IMHPO. I don't think its horrid but I know I need improvement. lol I most unhappy about the hair.
October 5th, 2006 #10
For a while I have been working on a goddess series. This is my interpretation of Pele, a Hawaiian Goddess.
October 5th, 2006 #11
This one I know has some proportion issues but it was a fun idea for me. Zombie mixed with Voodoo.
October 5th, 2006 #12
I love this little bird. I want to re-do him so this was some prelim work I did eons ago.
Last edited by Sanctuarie; October 10th, 2006 at 12:27 AM.
October 7th, 2006 #13
Working on playing with digital painting. This is by no means finished. lol
October 7th, 2006 #14
My Progress from above.
October 7th, 2006 #15
October 7th, 2006 #16
You have a nice style. The Voodoo/zombie and goddess designs are awesome!
Btw, love your avatar :3
=Help an artist out!=_*- My Sketches/WIP's -*__*- My Photography -*_
October 8th, 2006 #17Originally Posted by goma14
I love ZOMBIES. heheeeee Creepy that they are.. I dunno I just like them. lol I think I like the Voodoo thing because of Roman Dirge's Lenore. That's one of the best characters ever. hehehe
My avatar is me. I just did some digital painting and morphed me'self into a kitty.
October 8th, 2006 #18Originally Posted by Sanctuarie
This is mostly to the last to digital portrait paintings. I think they could use stronger contrast in values and a slightly warmer tone overall especially the faces, unless you were really trying to go with greenish skin intentionally. Also try not to use solid whites for eye whites, this can make them seem unnatural. The look of the lips have a nice feel to them.
=Help an artist out!=_*- My Sketches/WIP's -*__*- My Photography -*_
October 8th, 2006 #19
Yeah, I thought the skin a bit greenish. It wasn't the angle I was going for. I am still working with understanding the layering of colors.
A problem I also face is being I have a LCD monitor and I don't own a MAC, I know the colors are going to probably come up different than I see them on a CRT monitor.
I am an artist in progress but thanks for the tips on the eyes. My instinct is to use grays to work away from the stark solid white but I didn't pay attention and figured this out as an afterthought. I might be able to change it it. We shall see. hehe
October 8th, 2006 #20
Another area to work on would be the flatness of your figures. Think of them as shapes and form them from dark to light. I hope that helps a bit. Btw, I think that your Hawaiian goddess is by far your strongest piece. it just needs more darks, I think.
October 10th, 2006 #21Originally Posted by madplanet
December 9th, 2006 #22
I scrapped the last thing I was working. Just wasn't working for me. So, I did this instead....
It's just an attempt at a different style.
The idea of this piece came from a scene in Wonderful Days, a Korean Animated Film. I wanted to see if I could reproduce the position and lighting.
What I like least about the picture is the lips. I just couldn't get them the way I wanted.


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A good day to be in harbour
... former gave us some useful looking High Coast tourist maps and the latter enabled us to replenish our larder. We also found the local library in order to ascertain their wifi availability, they assured they had one so we opted to return to the boat, have lunch and then go back there to do some downloading. It was also raining by now so wandering about sightseeing wasn't that attractive an option!
At the commencement of the High Coast
... I would assume). Both banks were thickly wooded but as we approached the town, houses in plots carved out of the forest became more and more frequent. It was quite scenic but chilly, the wind was again being funnelled but now it would be pointless sailing, given the relative narrowness of the navigable waterway and besides which, it was nearing 6 o'clock and I was thirsty! Some two miles from the town, there is a high voltage power cable stretched across the fjord, with ...
A Serendipitous Anchorage
... of balmy sunshine. Rather the opposite, with temperatures struggling into the mid-teens, it would appear. Still, as long as it's mostly dry, it will be tolerable – it'll have to be I guess!
Chatting, ablutions and breakfast over, we started the engine and were off by 09:00. Our destination was the small fishing harbour of Mellanfj�rden, chosen because it looked pretty and it was a convenient stopping place ...
Sweden Round two and What a change!
... we got on the bus and got to the next station to catch the train. Because we had missed our train we had to sit in the stair well for about an hour until there were some free seats. Didnt matter though we got a couple of beers and sat on our travel pillows and joked about our great travel luck. We finally made it to Sundsval by 4.30 ready to party for Sabina's birthday. The kids had gone for a swim cause it was so hot and they could wait any longer for us to turn up. We had a ...
Xmas in Sweden!!
... on us and the lamb was cooked perfectly.
The boys had Ice Hockey training today. We went down and watched them, really made me wish that I could have done it while I was growing up it looks like so much fun. Later that day we got to try it out. We borrowed some skates and went down to the local rink, all I can say is that it is not as easy as the kids make it look. While I know how to skate, trying to get the puck and keep it is another ...


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Online edition of India's National Newspaper
Sunday, Dec 25, 2005
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MADURAI: The District Collector, D. Raajendiran, has directed the bankers to initiate appropriate steps to achieve the target set for Prime Minister's Rozgar Yojana (PMRY) by this year-end.
Addressing bank officials at the District Consultative Committee meeting for Banking Development convened at the Collectorate here by the Lead Bank, Canara Bank, on Thursday, Mr. Raajendiran informed that though much headway was made in accomplishing the target by a majority of banks, certain bankers were, however, sluggish in achieving the target for 2005 - 06.
As achieving the target was imperative, those banks, which had approved loan applications should concentrate on disbursal of assistance and the remaining banks which lagged behind should fine-tune their operations and sanction loans by December end.
Of the target of 1300, the banks had together approved 1046 loan applications.
The Collector lauded the Bank of India for sanctioning 59 loans against a target of 54 and urged other banks to emulate it.
Those banks, which required additional applications for sanctioning loans could contact the General Manager of District Industries Centre, the Lead District Manager, J. Vanangamudi, said.
Revolving fund
The Project Officer of District Rural Development Agency, Kirlosh Kumar, said 1182 applications out of a target of 1350 had been forwarded to banks for providing revolving fund under the Swarna Jayanthi Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SJGSY). The banks sanctioned assistance for 925 applications thus far.
The disbursal of economic assistance, another component under this scheme, had exceeded the target of 65 applications by four.
The target laid down for rural housing for the poor -- third component-- was 2757 and of this 2371 applications were sent to banks and 1967 had been sanctioned.
The General Manager, District Industries Centre, R. Arangannal, and the Assistant General Manager of National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development, R. Srinivasan, the AGM, Reserve Bank of India, Ramankutty, and the Project Officer of Women Development Corporation, Prabhakaran, spoke.
The banks in Madurai district have achieved a credit-deposit ratio of 79 per cent for the current financial year.
Kisan Credit Cards
Till December 10, the banks disbursed 98360 Kisan Credit Cards.
The NABARD's direct linkage programme, Swarna Jayanthi Shahari Rozgar Yojana, schemes under the Tamil Nadu Adi Dravidar Housing and Development Corporation, credit disbursement to farmers were among the other subjects that were taken up for review.
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HMS Bounty in trouble...
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Re: HMS Bounty in trouble...
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The captain is the responsible for the safety of its crew and should avoid taking any risks that can put it at risk. On the Farlones incident obviously the captain was responsible. it was my opinion at the time and it is the opinion of the CG when they say he "cut to close". He could have avoided that risk.
As a mitigating factor the Captain on the Farlone incident was a non professional captain with a racing crew participating in a race. I would say that will racing some risks are acceptable but not any that put on jeopardy the lives of the crew or the boat safety.
The hugely different factor between the two accidents is that one happened with an amateur captain the other one with a professional Captain.
For what I understood in the US and in some countries like UK any person can be a Captain of a private sailing boat without any qualifications to do that. That is not the case with a professional Captain that is a highly qualified professional and certified in that quality by a licence.
Licenses and training and red tape often have little correlation with actual competence. People get pieces of paper by taking tests, jumping through hoops, and by kissing the right arses. Unfortunately many of the pieces of paper hung on walls and submitted in resume's are quite meaningless. The thing NONE of these credentialing processes measure is common sense and the ability to use knowledge when it counts.
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Japan Targets Solar Station In Space
Japan's space agency is serious when they say by 2030, they want to collect solar power in space and zap it down to Earth, using laser beams or microwaves.
Japan has been a long time leader in solar and other renewable energies. With few energy resources of its own, this year they set ambitious greenhouse gas reduction targets.
But Japan's undaunted plan to date is the Space Solar Power System, in which arrays of photovoltaic dishes several square miles in size would hover in geostationary orbit outside the Earth's atmosphere.
Researchers at Heavy Industries say, "Since solar power is a clean and inexhaustible energy source, we believe that this system will be able to help solve the problems of energy shortage and global warming. "The sun's rays abound in space."
The solar cells would capture the solar energy, which is at least five times stronger in space than on Earth, and beam it down to the ground through clusters of lasers or microwaves.
Gigantic parabolic antennae located at sea or dam reservoirs will collect the energy from the solar cells.
The researchers are looking at a one gigawatt system, that would produce electricity at eight cents per kilowatt/hour which is six times cheaper than its current cost.
Transporting the components to space however is the challenge, but Japan has been working on the project since 1998 with over 130 researchers.
The project has outlined several steps that would need to be done before a full-blown launch in 2030.
According to a 2004 study by JAXA, the words 'laser' and 'microwave' caused the most concern among the 1,000 people questioned.
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Saturday, February 15, 2014
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NEW YORK, April 23, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Delcath Systems, Inc. (NASDAQ: DCTH) today announced it has closed a $20 million working capital line of credit revolver with Silicon Valley Bank ("SVB"), a leading provider of banking services in the life sciences. The credit facility is available for general corporate purposes supporting the overall growth and development of the Company.
Commenting on the transaction, Eamonn P. Hobbs, President & CEO of Delcath Systems, said "we look forward to developing a long-term relationship with Silicon Valley Bank. SVB is a well-recognized commercial lender in the life-sciences field, and we believe their desire to begin working with us speaks highly of their assessment of the opportunities before us."
"We are pleased to have this financing capability available to us," said Graham G. Miao, Executive Vice President & CFO of Delcath Systems. "This credit facility provides us with additional financing options to access capital to execute our commercialization plans."
"We strive to increase the success rate of life science companies, and have been impressed by Delcath's strong team and their commitment to innovation," said Mark Gallagher, Senior Relationship Manager, Silicon Valley Bank. "We look forward to further supporting Delcath's international expansion."
About Delcath Systems, Inc.Delcath Systems, Inc. is a specialty pharmaceutical and medical device company focused on oncology. Delcath's proprietary system for chemosaturation is designed to administer high dose chemotherapy and other therapeutic agents to diseased organs or regions of the body, while controlling the systemic exposure of those agents. The Company's initial focus is on the treatment of primary and metastatic liver cancers. In 2010, Delcath announced that its randomized Phase III clinical trial for patients with metastatic melanoma
|SOURCE Delcath Systems, Inc.
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Interview preparation is key!
Before your next interview ask yourself, are you READY?
Before your next interview ask yourself, are you READY?
So, you've answered all the questions that you've been asked by HR and/or the hiring manager to the best of your ability throughout your interview, now it's your turn to ask the questions!
As the sunny weather and The Sunday Game on Sunday nights have finally returned to our lives, it can only mean one thing – the GAA All-Ireland Championship is back!
The Grey Matter of the Irish Mind… grey, the colour of most Irish buildings of power and the predominate colour of our skies (although not of late)! According to any thesaurus, a "grey area" is defined as "a topic that is not clearly one thing or the other".
In today's global workplace many employers are opting to use Skype as a way to interview candidates from multiple locations. This type of interview cuts down on travel expenses and provides employers with an alternative way to quickly and easily find the perfect person.
Many candidates will complete a great interview and then fail to close it properly. This is like baking a terrific cake and forgetting to put on the icing! The closing of your interview is the most memorable part, not only because it comes at the end of your time together, but because you are able to reinforce your own personality, comments and questions into the conversation with the interviewer.
Follow these simple tips at your next interview:
Christmas party season is upon us again and like everybody you want to make sure that you enjoy yourself but that you also don't make any embarrassing mistakes that make you dread going back to the office the following Monday!
With this thought in mind think about going to an interview as similar to going to your Christmas party – you want to be the last person standing but it is important that you don't fall at the last hurdle!
You've spent time preparing and researching for your first interview and just got called for a second round interview, congratulations! But you're not hired yet, so stay calm and get ready to do a little more work. You will be expected to perform well in this second round interview. I have collated some tips which may come in useful:


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Baby flashes thumbs up in coolest ultrasound ever
Virginia House passes controversial ultrasound billComment
The House of Delegates approved a measure maing abdominal ultrasounds mandatory for women seeking abortions. Governor Bob McDonnell is expected to sign it into law.
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Wais P - You See It
Artist: Wais P (The Pimp)
Producer: DJ Premier
Album: Pimpin' Saved My Life
Avg Rating: 3.9 ( 26 votes )
Two years is a long damn time between features, but I'm willing to cut Wais P a break on this one, since I know how taxing it can be to balance a pimping business with your day-to-day grind. OK, to keep it one-hundred, I don't know that firsthand – but, as someone who's heard a song or two on the subject, I can tell you that it ain't easy. Anyway, new single You See It finds the Brooklyn emcee filling us in on his activities since last we heard from him; over the street-ready string samples and expert cuts of hip-hop legend DJ Premier (who grabs samples from Jay-Z's Cashmere Thoughts, among many other sources), the emcee showcases much improved mic skills and penmanship, describing his luxurious but stressful lifestyle in verses peppered with clever punchlines and pop-culture allusions: "For the right wages, I'll have you turnin' more tricks than Cirque du Soleil." Like how Wais P handles his business? Then you'll want to keep it locked to the Booth for further details on Pimpin' Saved My Life, which has yet to receive a solid release date.
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Scientists Study Benefits Of Wine And Vodka
September 28, 2012
Wine verses vodka. The health benefits are being measured by a team of researchers at a Rhode Island hospital. Parker Gavigan talks with the chief of cardiothoracic surgery about the link between the spirits and high cholesterol.
Topics: Hospitality Recreation, Health, Nutrition, Medicine, Health effects of wine, Alcoholic beverages, Vodka, Cholesterol, Wine, Chemistry, Biology, Technology Internet


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Enjoi Panda Coolmax Slim Denim Pant - Men'sView Larger Image
Slide your legs into the Enjoi Panda Coolmax Slim Denim Pant and head into the summer heat. These streamlined jeans help you stay cool and dry when you're hitting the skate park hard, and they'll help you look your best if you decide to grab an ice cream treat with that hottie you just met.
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Marketers can target you by your smartphone's location
Rep. Rick Boucher, D-Va., is drafting legislation that would require sites and companies seeking to collect location information about you to first provide provide disclosures and ask permission.
Tags: cell phone , smartphones , marketing , Technology , Colleen Kelleher
More mobility means more airspace needed
Daily new, attractive and useful applications are added to wireless services, and data rates continue to increase as consumers require faster access to mobile applications. Additional spectrum for commercial wireless services will be needed and it will be needed soon.
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Weird stringer
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Join Date: Mar 2004
Posts: 6,695
Originally Posted by
Haha sorry. Here on Talk Tennis its pretty much comedy for me. You know this betetr than us as you see the crazy posts everywhere. And I contriibute to it myself, no doub.t but in real life I am pretty professional. Or I try to be anyways. I definitely dont say 'so yea' and that kind of thing. But yes you are right. Thanks for reminding me.
Understood -- I am just giving you the 'hard knock' advice from experience. If you take anything away from that recommendation, it's to reflect upon yourself regularly and evaluate yourself honestly.
I honestly think the age discrimnation is strictly from the stringer only. The more I think about it the more I think he feels threatened by me. He realizes I am actually doing a good job,etc. Its funny. Let me tell you some things thats happened:
1-tuesday night I stay until 11pm to catch up on rackets. I leave 2 rackets in que, with natural gut. Wednes we were both out. Come today, thursday, the guy wants his 2 rackets but they are not done. Now remember he comes in the morning, I come in afternoon. So when he came this morning, those 2 shouldve been first to do. But instead he skips them and leaves them for me in the afternoon.
Flash back-my first week on the job he leaves me 2 rackets with natrual gut. He calls me on phone and says to me i just want to see if you know how to string gut. so....i wonder if he's scared to string gut??
2-members are already requesting me to string their racket. One even said the other stringer messed up his reel. And hes been there about 10months longer than me. I am barely on my first month here.
His actions are not stressing me. Its just that hes going to management about it, and they in turn veto my idea thanks to him. But yet at the same time when he talks to me on the phone he keeps saying oh this is between you and me noone else and he always acts scared when I say stuff like 'let me talk to [boss] about this I am not sure I need to go on....
It still sounds like you're viewing this in a very adversarial tone. I understand if it feels like you're being treated unfairly, but IMO direct communication is the way to go here. If he leaves gut jobs for you, ask him if you should be expecting to do most of the gut jobs. If it's simply a risk/pain in the butt for him to work with gut due to the delicate nature, he might just prefer to let you deal with the liability, especially if you're on the hook for a ruined set. You're the low guy on the totem pole, this is normal
It's similar to giving the intern the job that needs to get done but no one wants to do. Don't worry about this one too much.
Ask/tell him quite frankly that you'd like to improve communication between you two, and if there's any issues to please contact you first so you can improve the teamwork aspect. Get him to take ownership of the relationship, ask him to guide you as he's been there longer. Even if there's no technical skills you can learn, he's probably got a FEW protips that he can help you with. Build a relationship here, don't burn bridges. If there's anything that he discusses with you that is NOT shop policy, you have every right to go to management. This, OR you can discuss that you're willing to support it and keep things between you two, but you'd be more comfortable if there was a policy in place so you have something to fall back on if anything goes wrong. This provides safety for everyone, INCLUDING him. You can "back each other up" here. Back to the bumper guard example: He doesn't do replacements, so he tells customers that the shop wont' offer that service. Someone comes to talk to you, and you say "sure!" You undermine his authority here, and it's no surprise that he's giving you a cold shoulder. This is like a cunning kid asking Mom for ice cream for dinner, getting a no, and going straight for the sucker-dad. You need to work together, and if he's still giving you a hard no, find a way to get him on board, even if it's switching the subject to "I think these services would increase our revenue. I remember you telling me you wanted to make a ton of money, and I think this is an easy way for us to do that without having to pay anything out of pocket." It's just people management/strategy. If NOTHING else, and you continue to find this guy adversarial, you can practice your people skills on him
and to be sure, i am not trying to undermine him. all i have been saying is 'hey i think this customer needs this done so how can i go about doing it without using my own money" and instead of supporting me hes made sure customers are not getting what they need.
imagine you going to a auto shop with flat tire and the guy says 'oh you dont need a new tire, but lets see why dont you buy a new paintjob'. hes basically picking what he wants to do, and makes sure i dont get to help customers myself as well so he doesnt look bad? its just absurd.
Actions speak louder than words, see above. Get on a team-perspective first, THEN try to correct things. Like we've already determined, you're not going to do it all in one shot, so be patient and do things one step at a time. Don't build a house of cards all at once, it'll topple.
or even worse. say one day you go into teh office and your boss says "oh DD you can NO longer use [essential tool] to do your job because your co worker says its not necessary and hes doesnt want to use that tool so he doesnt have to do the job that the tool relates to"
here is whats happening. if it wasnt for the stringer, all the suggestions i made to mangaement would have already come to pass. they are very open and helpful, but every time something comes up they say something like 'oh but the other stringer says its no big deal it's not needed. so yea, the problem lies there.
Example? Sounds pretty dramatic. Ask him to talk to you first about it, so you're on the same page. Tell him you're willing to listen and make necessary changes, and would prefer for the news to be less of a surprise in the future. If he's unwilling to accommodate you, you can always provide counter examples to the management, although starting a firefight isn't wise if you need to continue working with the guy. As far as 'no big deal/it's not needed,' that might actually be true from a different perspective than yours. Don't assume you're right. It all comes back to having a policy/charter to fall back on. If nothing's official, it comes down to his word against yours. It's simple for the management to side with him- he's been here longer. This isn't nice, but it's real life. If you get him on board and create a charter to improve services, you can always fall back on "we've told management that we are looking to offer a professional level of services. This falls under this category as we agreed upon." It's a simple life hack/parenting hack/people 'manipulation' hack: It's hard to blame YOU when it's not YOU saying no. Protect yourself by implementing policy!
Get this guy on your side even if it means that you get on his side at first. Figure out what's going on in his head, what you have to do to get him to see eye to eye, and realize you're not always right. Once you've opened up a candid channel of discussion, figure out what you can mutually agree upon to improve, and make it a contract between you two. This is much more successful if everyone has a reason to make it succeed (stakeholding). Implement policy, be tough, change hurts. Fall back on policy if you need to defend your position.
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Indistar® Fall School & District Team Trainings-2013
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Sept. 10: Roseburg (Douglas ESD—Douglas & Evergreen Rooms)
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Sept. 30: Pendleton (Intermountain ESD—Lodge Pole & Ponderosa Rooms)
Training Times:
School-Level Trainings: Register at 8:45 AM / Training from 9:00 AM to 12:00 Noon.
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The Lake ESD site will be a combination School and District-Level Training
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|Material Type:
|Document Type:
|Sound Recording
|All Authors / Contributors:
Rahsaan Roland Kirk; Jaki Byard; Richard Davis; Elvin Jones; Lonnie Liston Smith; Ronnie Boykins; Grady Tate; Roland Kirk Quartet.
|OCLC Number:
|Jazz quartets.
All compositions by Roland Kirk except as noted.
Previously released on Limelight as LS 86027 (works 1-7)--and Verve as V6-8709 (remainder).
Compact disc.
Original liner notes by Don Heckman and Billy Taylor laid in container.
|Recorded at Rudy Van Gelder Studios, Englewood, N.J., Jan. 13, 1965 (works 1-7) and April 1967 (remainder).
|Roland Kirk, tenor saxophone in the Roland Kirk Quartet, featuring: Jaki Byard, piano ; Richard Davis, bass ; Elvin Jones, drums (in works 1-7) ; Lonnie Liston Smith, piano ; Ronald Boykins, bass ; Grady Tate, drums (in remainder).
|Event notes:
|Recorded at Rudy Van Gelder Studios, Englewood, N.J., Jan. 13, 1965 (works 1-7) and Apr. 1967 (remainder).
|1 sound disc : digital ; 4 3/4 in.
|No tonic press (4:30) --
Once in a while / B. Green, M. Edwards (3:57) --
From Bechet, Byas, and Fats (7:26) --
Mystical dream (2:36) --
Rip, rig and panic (6:55) --
Black diamond / M. Sealey (5:19) --
Slippery, hippery, flippery (4:58) --
Blue Rol (6:09) --
Alfie / Bacharach, David (2:52) --
Why don't they know (2:54) --
Silverlization (4:57) --
Fallout (3:01) --
Now please don't you cry, beautiful Edith (4:23) --
Stomping grounds (4:46) --
It's a grand night for swinging / B. Taylor (3:10).
|Other Titles:
|Now please don't you cry, beautiful Edith.
Rip, rig and panic
|Roland Kirk.
User-contributed reviews


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May 5, 2015
McNeilus Truck & Manufacturing, a subsidiary of Oshkosh Corporation, has introduced a compressed natural gas (CNG) inspection services program for CNG-powered vehicle fleets, the refuse truck body manufacturer announced.
March 24, 2015
Toyo Tire's M153 regional and urban heavy-duty steer tire is designed for refuse operations and other high-scrub applications.
March 12, 2015
The new Double Coin RR706 mixed service is an all-position truck tire designed for the construction and refuse industries. The company will debut it at the Mid-America Trucking Show in Louisville Ky.
February 9, 2015
New York City will begin adding side guards to 240 of its medium-duty trucks that will prevent a pedestrian or cyclist from being caught under a vehicle during a collision, Mayor Bill de Blasio has announced.
December 4, 2014
Republic Services has added 20 compressed natural gas (CNG) solid waste and recycling trucks to its fleet serving customers throughout the greater Springfield, Mo., area, the waste management company announced.
November 24, 2014
Miami-Dade County, Fla., has placed its third order for Autocar E3 hybrid refuse trucks. This purchase of 29 vehicles brings the total hybrid refuse fleet to 64.
November 4, 2014
The McNeilus Next Generation Compressed Natural Gas system, already available for refuse and concrete mixers, is now available on more vehicle types, including construction, delivery, over-the-road, and other severe-duty fleets.
October 27, 2014
The Watson & Chalin SL13K-1190 is an integrated suspension and axle assembly that features air disc brakes and a quick change ride height system. It is made for dump, mixer, refuse and heavy haul applications.
May 20, 2014
Fleetline has introduced a new polyethylene refuse fender to its product offering.
April 30, 2014
Mack Trucks previewed the new Mack LR series of low-entry cabover refuse trucks designed with the driver, customer and demands of the rigorous job in mind. Initially available in three-axle 6x4 configurations and powered either by diesel or natural gas, the Mack LR series will be available in 2015.
April 9, 2014
The City of Tampa has begun rolling out a new fleet of compressed natural gas refuse trucks to help reduce the city's fuel bill, which has reached $1.6 million annually.
December 4, 2013
Autocar Industries introduced a natural gas version of its Class 7 cabover Xpert refuse truck at a alternative-fuel symposium in late November. The "baby 8" Xpert ACMD is now available with the Cummins Westport CNG/LNG engine.
November 20, 2013
The recently introduced Mack Granite Medium Heavy Duty rear loader offers a reduced weight option for refuse companies and municipalities desiring a truck built for lighter-duty cycles, such as short inner-city routes or for service in smaller towns.
September 24, 2013
Air-Weigh has teamed with Core Computing Services to integrate bin weight data from its BinMaxx scale into Core's eMobileTM Android based touch screen tablet driver terminal.
September 3, 2013
Eaton recently discontinued its Hydraulic Launch Assist system, a parallel hydraulic hybrid well-suited to the stop-and-go world of refuse trucks. That leaves the RunWise Advanced Series Hybrid drive system from Parker to serve the market, where both systems had built up some market share.
May 23, 2013
Peterbilt unveiled its all-new Model 320 interior during the Waste Expo show in New Orleans. The new ProBilt interior for Peterbilt's low-cab forward vehicle features ergonomic improvements, system enhancements and improved overall visibility.
May 16, 2013
Air-Weigh, a global provider of on-board electronic scales, announced that they are now making available a scale for use on the Heil Starr refuse and recycling vehicle.
April 22, 2013
Inspired by a sanitation worker who lost his leg in an accident, two Wisconsin legislators introduced legislation designed to get other drivers to drive more carefully around garbage trucks.
February 11, 2013
The City of Columbus, Ohio, plans to place an additional 44 dedicated CNG units into service by the end of 2013. Columbus is also currently building a second CNG fueling site located on the north side of the city.
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Not sure where the best place to post this would be, but DD is 2 yrs 4mos. I feel like my hair is still not back to normal after giving birth over 2 yrs ago, and just wonder if other mamas experience this too? When I was pregnant, I didn't lose any hair (and it was nice and thick!), so of course a few months after birth, I lost a LOT. I still feel like I'm losing more than I used to, and not sure if it's my age (40) and the fact that more and more of my hair is going gray...? (which of course means it's straighter than it used to be)
I know this is not much to complain about, but just wondered to hear if other mamas have similar experiences?
Mama to DD1 (5/09) and happy crawler DD2 (11/12) and wife to DH
My hair never rebounded after DD1. DD2 is almost 12mo and I'm still losing it a handful at a time.
Mom to Reya (13) and Little baby Lila 9/22
mine was coming out like on chemo after DS2 was born. Between that a couple of other symptoms, turns out I have adrenal fatigue.I would check adrenals and thyroid function, especially if your hair never rebounded to a pre-pregnancy state.
Loving wife to DH mama to DS1 3/13/09 , DS2 4/20/11 and DS3 1/12/13 Professional and attempting to while
Thanks for your thoughts! That's a great reminder to get checked by a naturopath or someone... I know for one I rely way too much on caffeine, since we're still not sleeping through the night, and I'm sure that's not good for the adrenals.
And good to know I'm not going crazy!
Mama to DD1 (5/09) and happy crawler DD2 (11/12) and wife to DH
yea definitely! :) My osteopath (who is also our gp) did all the blood work and gave me the diagnosis. So much better having that than thinking I was a nut!!!! :P
Loving wife to DH mama to DS1 3/13/09 , DS2 4/20/11 and DS3 1/12/13 Professional and attempting to while
I too would recommend getting a full thyroid panel done. Be sure they test more than just TSH though. Pregnancy and birth are two triggers to going hypothyroid and hair loss can be a sign of that.
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Using one of the most notorious of the mass bit-torrent lawsuits, West Coast Productions v. Does, this article first explores the policy considerations behind the right to speak anonymous online and the right to expose the identity of an anonymous defendant, then it explains the legal procedure used to discovery anonymous defendants' identities. It concludes with the judge's decision in the West Coast case and suggests a better way to protect the rights of anonymous defendants. In a post-script, the article suggests that the trend of exposing the identities of anonymous defendants may be reversing itself in mass lawsuits.
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16th December 2014
PinkNews' top 11 Jewish gay and lesbian icons
2:43 PM — We recount some of the most fabulous and influential Jewish gay personalities to date.
18th April 2014
Michael Lucas: Gay men are not too busy enjoying bareback orgies to take PrEP 5
3:26 PM — Gay porn producer Michael Lucas has called on the president of America's AIDS Healthcare Foundation to resign for describing medication used to prevent HIV infection as a "party drug".
2nd April 2014
Michael Lucas: Gay bareback porn is hotter and I don't use condoms with my HIV positive partner 166
3:06 PM — Gay porn producer Michael Lucas has defended his decision to produce bareback porn and says that he does not use condoms with his boyfriend who is HIV positive.
5th August 2011
Israel LGBT youth conference cancelled 95
4:54 PM — An international LGBT youth conference will no longer be held in Israel after Palestinian gay groups complained. The International LGBTQ Youth and Student Organisation (IGLYO) general assembly was to be held in Tel Aviv in December.
27th June 2011
Michael Lucas: 'Poisonous' anti-Israel lobby should not complain over LGBT meeting 420
6:33 PM — Gay porn producer Michael Lucas says an LGBT youth conference should be held in Israel, despite objections from critics.


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All the four students who secured first rank in the district have expressed a desire to pursue medicine as their future profession.
All the four are girls and have secured 498 marks out of 500.
The students are Lavanya.M (Vivekananda Matriculation School, Dalmiapuram), Nuzhath Khanam.M and Soundarya.M (SRV Matriculation HSS, Samayapuram) and Shimreeth Hannah.S (Vimala Matriculation HSS, Thuraiyur).
Lavanya, daughter of P. Manivel, an engineer in Dalmiapuram and Sharmila. She said that she wishes to pursue medicine and take up gynaecology.
She attributes her success to study session in the early morning and evening for three hours. "I owe my success to support from my family and teachers," she said. Nuzhath Khanam, daughter of Mehboob Ali Khan, a sub-judge at Paramakudi and Sultana, a housewife.
She aims to become an oncologist.
"My grandmother died of cancer last year and at that time I made up my mind to study oncology so that I can save many cancer patients' lives," she said.
She attributes her success to regular systematic preparation, taking a mock tests in school and answering previous years' question papers.
Shimreeth Hannah, daughter of Sheikh and Stella, both school teachers, wishes to become a Neurologist.
"It is my father's dream that I must become a doctor and I want to make him proud," she said.
Regarding her preparation, she said that she did not get stressed much and took a relaxed approach, but studied regularly.
Soundarya, daughter of S. Marisundar, a bank appraiser and Ramani, a housewife, said she wants to become a doctor, and serve the poor and downtrodden sections of the society. She attributed her success to three hours of early morning studying, followed by intensive coaching in school.
Keywords: Tiruchi district, district toppers, SSLC results, Class X examination,


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This is for people (and their families) that have cancer, are disabled, GLBT, into sports, fashion, entertainment, business, and so much more!
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Picture this, it won't be hard. You're at a theme park and it's hot. You want ice cream. So, you wait in line some twenty (feels like eighty) minutes, wrangle family members, choose your flavors, figure out payment, and step away, triumphant, from the ice cream counter.
Then you drop your cone: you do a total cone-plant on the midway. It's such a simple, prosaic accident, but it can tarnish your whole day, or at least your memories of the day. And memories are all-important to a theme park operator like Six Flags. The mental snapshot stored in memory during the winter months needs to be a positive one, so that when the weather turns summery their customers will hurry back to the parks, bringing new generation after new generation with them.
Which is why, when I dropped an ice cream cone at one of the Six Flags theme parks, smack in the middle of the midway, what happened next provided a window into this organization and a customer service lesson for all of us.
The crew sprang into action, replacing it for me immediately, without me needing to ask, and at no charge. What a way to salvage the day for a guest, and improve their park's competitive position vs. all other entertainment options their guest has in the future.
This is the highest level of customer service: it's what I call "anticipatory customer service"—serving the unexpressed wishes of your customers before they even need to express them (to use the Ritz-Carlton's great phrase). Anticipatory customer service is a key to binding customers to you and creating true customer loyalty.
No crying over spilled ice cream at Six Flags
Six Flags trains its employees to watch for potential stress points in a customer's day and to turn those experiences into something positive.
So, in their response to ice cream spillage incident, they weren't just being merciful on an ad hoc basis. This was procedural for them: a preplanned service recovery. Ditto in the following scenario: When a guest or group of guests is reading a map, or has that unmistakable "where am I?" glaze over their eyes, Six Flags employees are trained "to approach [those] guests and energetically offer assistance in finding food locations, rides, or restrooms," says Jim Reid-Anderson, Chairman, President & CEO of Six Flags Entertainment. And, Reid-Anderson continues, "if a family or group is taking a group picture, we want our team members to offer to snap the photo."
A hospitality experience
Theme parks, as I see them, are essentially hospitality experiences, requiring a full day of customer service per guest. A full day of giving directions, smiling and returning lost items. Not to mention cleaning up ice scream spills caused by klutzy guests such as me.
Of course, this isn't the only way people think of theme parks. Which is why Six Flags Entertainment— the largest operator of regional theme parks in the world— spends, according to Reid-Anderson, who has helmed Six Flags since 2010, "in excess of $100 million every year in capital primarily focused on new attractions."
Mr. Reid-Anderson, however, agrees with my assessment of the parks as primarily a monster-sized customer service undertaking. In spite of the capital improvement requirements for ensuring they have the latest, biggest, scariest, lunch-losing potential-est rides, the goal of Six Flags isn't only to have the fastest coaster, the tallest ride, the scariest attraction, the wettest water park.
All of those are important advertisements for the parks; there's no doubt about that. But, as Mr. Reid-Anderson puts it, the Six Flags goal is something different: it's "to make our guests happy"—the happiest in, as Reid-Anderson puts it, "an industry that is in the business of making people happy."
It starts with employee selection and training
Now, making guests happy involves keeping the rides functioning smoothly, reliably, and above all safely. But in terms other than engineering, here's what's most central to the Six Flags approach to creating a great customer experience: the selection and development of employees.
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