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PROJECT CONTROL HANDBOOK DOE Order 413. 3 Implementation Plan September 2004 U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration Service Center Environmental Programs Department Project Control Handbook CONTENTS ACRONYMS iv PREFACE vi 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 PURPOSE 1 1.2 INTENDED AUDIENCE 1 1.3 EM PROJECTS PLANNING FRAMEWORK 2 1.3.1 Prerequisite Baseline 4 1.3.2 Performance Baseline/Performance Measurement Baseline 4 1.3.3 Post-Completion Baseline 4 1.4 BASELINE MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW 5 2.0 BASELINE DOCUMENTS 6 2.1 WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE (WBS) 7 2.1.1 WBS 7 2.1.2 WBS Dictionary 8 2.2 RESPONSIBILITY ASSIGNMENT MATRIX (RAM) 9 2.3 PROJECT EXECUTION PLAN (PEP) 10 2.4 PROGRAMMATIC ASSUMPTIONS DOCUMENT (PAD) 10 2.5 TASK SCOPE DESCRIPTIONS (TSD) 11 2.6 BASELINE SCHEDULE 11 2.7 GOVERNMENT FURNISHED SERVICES AND ITEMS (GFSI) 12 2.8 PRIORITY LIST 12 2.9 RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN (RMP) 12 2.10 COST PLANS 12 2.11 PERFORMANCE METRICS 13 2.12 BURDEN RATES 14 2.13 ESCALATION 14 2.14 ACQUISITION PLAN OR PROCUREMENT PLAN 14 2.15 PROJECT CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTION (PCSD) 15 3.0 BASELINE DEVELOPMENT 16 3.1 SCOPE 16 3.2 SCHEDULE 17 3.2.1 Schedule Types 17 126.96.36.199 Project Schedule 17 184.108.40.206 Master Summary Plan (MSP) 17 22.214.171.124 Integrated Baseline Schedule 17 3.2.2 Building a Schedule 17 3.3 COST 19 3.3.1 Cost Estimating Classifications 19 3.3.2 Cost Estimating Methodologies 19 3.3.3 Total Project Cost Components 20 3.3.4 Estimate at Completion 20 3.4 RISK MANAGEMENT 21 3.4.1 Contingency 22 22.214.171.124 Cost Contingency 23 188.8.131.52 Schedule Contingency 23 NNSA Service Center EPD i d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook 3.4.2 Programmatic Risk 24 3.4.3 Risk Management Plan (RMP) 24 184.108.40.206 Risk Identification 24 18.104.22.168 Risk impact analysis and quantification 24 184.108.40.206 Risk mitigation strategies development 24 18.104.22.168 Risk monitoring 25 18.104.22.168 Risk documentation 25 4.0 BASELINE REVIEW 26 5.0 BASELINE PERFORMANCE REPORTING 27 5.1 EARNED VALUE PRINCIPLES 27 5.2 REPORTING ELEMENTS 27 5.2.1 Actual Cost Accumulation 27 5.2.2 Variance Analysis and Reporting 29 18.104.22.168 Schedule Variance (Time or Dollars) 30 184.108.40.206 Cost Variance 31 5.2.3 Periodic Reports 31 220.127.116.11 IPABS-IS PEM 32 220.127.116.11 Baseline Performance Report (BPR) 33 188.8.131.52 EM Corporate Performance Measures (Gold Chart) 33 6.0 BASELINE MAINTENANCE 35 6.1 BASELINE CHANGE CONTROL OBJECTIVES 35 6.2 BCP BEST PRACTICES 35 6.3 BASELINE CHANGE TYPES 35 6.4 BASELINE CHANGE CONTROL PROCESS 36 6.4.1 Contractor Baseline Change Process 37 6.4.2 Federal Project Director Baseline Change Process 38 6.4.3 EM-1 Baseline Change Process 38 6.4.4 ESAAB Baseline Change Process 39 Appendix A. Crosswalk - Project Controls Handbook to DOE M 413.3-1 40 Appendix B. TSD Instructions and Example 43 Appendix C. Baseline Performance Report (BPR) Template 49 Appendix D. Baseline Change Proposal Template 51 Appendix E. BCP Review Checklist 53 Appendix F. Glossary 55 Appendix G. References and Recommended Reading 61 Figures Figure 1: Project Management Document Framework vi Figure 2: EM Projects Planning Framework 2 Figure 3: Baseline Management Process Overview 5 Figure 4: WBS and Scope, Schedule, and Cost Relationship 6 Figure 5: Baseline Documentation 7 NNSA Service Center EPD ii d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Figure 6: Generic Work Breakdown Structure 8 Figure 7: Simplistic Contingency and Programmatic Risk Model 22 Figure 8: Estimating Assumptions 23 Figure 9: Performance Measurement Parameters 29 Figure 10. Baseline Change Control Hierarchy 37 Tables Table 1. Critical Decision and Baseline Relationships 3 Table 2. WBS Dictionary Example 9 Table 3. Responsibility Assignment Matrix Example 10 Table 4. Cost Plan Example (separated into 2 sheets for display only) 13 Table 5. Sample Performance Metrics Table 14 Table 6. Contractor Reporting Elements 28 Table 7. Example Reporting Thresholds 30 Table 8. Reporting Requirements and How They are Met 32 Table 9. Gold Chart Excerpt (taken directly from IPABS-IS) 34 NNSA Service Center EPD iii d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook ACRONYMS ABC Activity-based Cost GFSI Government Furnished Services & ACV At-completion Variance Items ACWP Actual Cost of Work Performed HQ DOE Headquarters AFP Approved Funding Program IPABS Integrated Planning, Accountability, BAC Budget at Completion and Budgeting System BCCB Baseline Change Control Board IPABS-IS IPABS-Information System BCP Baseline Change Proposal IPT Integrated Project Team BCT Baseline Change Tool ITL Inhalation Toxicology Laboratory BCWP Budgeted Cost of Work Performed BCWS Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled LANL Los Alamos National Laboratory BOE Basis of Estimate LBNL Lawrence Berkeley National BPR Baseline Performance Report Laboratory LCC Life Cycle Cost CAM Control Account Manager LEHR Laboratory for Energy-Related Health CCB Configuration Control Board Research CD Critical Decision LOE Level-of-effort CPI Cost Performance Index LRE Latest Revised Estimate CPR Cost Performance Report LTES Long Term Environmental CSCSC Cost and Schedule Control Systems Stewardship Criteria CTD Cumulative to Date M Manual CV Cost Variance MARS Management Analysis Reporting System D&D Decontamination and MLS Master Logic Schedule Decommissioning M&O Management and Operating Contractor DOE U.S. Department of Energy NNSA National Nuclear Security EAC Estimate at Completion Administration EM DOE Office of Environmental Management O Order EPD Environmental Programs Department OBS Organizational Breakdown Structure ER Environmental Restoration OECM Office of Engineering and ERD Environmental Restoration Division Construction Management ESAAB Energy System Acquisition Advisory OMB Office of Management and Budget Board ETC Estimate to Complete PAD Programmatic Assumptions Document ETEC Energy Technology Engineering PARS Project Assessment and Reporting Center System EVMS Earned Value Management System PBS Project Baseline Summary PC Project Controls FPD Federal Project Director PCSD Project Control System Description FTE Full-time Equivalent PEM Project Execution Module FY Fiscal Year PEP Project Execution Plan PMAT Program Management and Analysis GA General Atomics Team GE General Electric PMB Performance Measurement Baseline NNSA Service Center EPD iv d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook PSO Program Secretarial Officer RAM Responsibility Assignment Matrix RI Remedial Investigation RMP Risk Management Plan SC Service Center SLAC Stanford Linear Accelerator Center SPI Schedule Performance Index SV Schedule Variance TCPI To-Complete Performance Index TPC Total Project Cost TRU Transuranic Waste TSD Task Scope Description VAC Variance at Completion VARS Variance Analyses VE Value Engineering WBS Work Breakdown Structure WIPP Waste Isolation Pilot Plant WMD Waste Management Division YTD Year to Date NNSA Service Center EPD v d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook PREFACE The National Nuclear Security Administration Service Center (NNSA SC) Environmental Programs Department (EPD) is providing handbooks listed in Figure 1 for supplementing U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Order (O) 413.3, Program and Project Management for the Acquisition of Capital Assets, and DOE Manual (M) 413.3-1, Program and Project Management Manual (March, 2003). NNSA SC EPD developed these handbooks to provide guidance for DOE sites that it directs: • Energy Technology Engineering Center • Laboratory for Energy-Related Health (ETEC) Research (LEHR) • General Atomics (GA) • Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) • General Electric Vallecitos (GE) • Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) • Inhalation Toxicology Laboratory (ITL) These handbooks provide guidance to Federal and contractor personnel who have project management responsibilities within the NNSA SC. They provide an understanding of the project management planning, budgeting, executing, and reporting processes and the processes associated with baseline reviews, cost estimating, project control systems, decontamination and decommissioning, long-term environmental stewardship, and value engineering. Figure 1 briefly describes the handbooks. EPD personnel with project management responsibilities maintain these handbooks. Copies are available through EPD and at http://www.doeal.gov/erd/policies_and_guidance.htm. Beneficial comments (e.g., recommendations, additions, or deletions) and any pertinent data for improving this document are encouraged and should be sent to EPD's Webmaster. Establishes project management requirements for capital assets Establishes project management requirements for capital assets DOE O 413.3 acquisition. acquisition. DOE M 413.3-1 Provides requirements for implementing DOE O 413.3 Baseline Review Handbook Provides a primer on reviewing project baselines. Cost Estimating Handbook Describes cost estimating categories, types, and components for baseline preparation. Decontamination and Describes the disposition process and provides guidance for Decommissioning Handbook implementing D&D at facilities declared excess to mission needs. Long-Term Environmental Stewardship Handbook Provides LTES planning and execution guidance. Describes planning, budgeting, executing, and reporting project Project Control Handbook control requirements. Describes VE study planning and execution activities and elements Value Engineering Handbook that should be documented in project baselines. Describes oversight of contractor baselines once contractor executes Project Oversight Handbook approved baseline. Figure 1: Project Management Document Framework NNSA Service Center EPD vi d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook 1.0 INTRODUCTION The National Nuclear Security Administration Service Center (NNSA SC) Environmental Programs Department (EPD) Project Control (PC) Handbook consolidates standard DOE and NNSA baseline management practices used on DOE Office of Environmental Management (EM) projects. 1.1 Purpose EPD implements DOE M 413.3-1, Program and Project Management Manual (March, 2003) through the PC Handbook. DOE M 413.3-1 organizes major project phases into initiation, definition, execution, and transition/closeout. It identifies critical decision (CD) milestones for project advancement and accountability to the Secretary of Energy, the Administration, and Congress. This PC Handbook emphasizes the project baseline and assumes the project is at or beyond critical decision (CD)-2 and in the execution phase. Appendix A provides a crosswalk between DOE M 413.3-1 and the PC Handbook. The PC Handbook describes planning, budgeting, executing, and reporting project control processes. It replaces the Waste Management Division (WMD) Baseline Management Guidance document (June 2001) and the Environmental Restoration Division (ERD) Project Management Manual (October 2000). 1.2 Intended Audience NNSA SC EPD developed the PC Handbook to provide guidance for DOE EM sites it directs: • Energy Technology Engineering Center • Laboratory for Energy-Related Health (ETEC) Research (LEHR) • General Atomics (GA) • Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) • General Electric Vallecitos (GE) • Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) • Inhalation Toxicology Laboratory (ITL) The PC Handbook provides guidance to Federal and contractor personnel who have NNSA SC project management responsibilities. If information in this handbook conflicts with contractor internal requirements or procedures, the contractor should apply the stricter guidance. Contractors must ensure that subcontractors comply with all applicable contract requirements and the PC Handbook principles. This handbook uses the following terms for entities that develop, manage, and review baseline documents: Contractor. Prime contractors and their subcontractors that execute EM funded projects. EPD. NNSA SC EPD consists of the ERD and WMD. EM (or DOE Headquarters (HQ)). DOE EM funds and directs environmental work at the sites listed above. Federal Project Director (FPD). The Federal employee responsible and accountable for overall project success. NNSA SC. Provides business, technical, financial, programmatic, legal, and management services that enable NNSA Headquarters and Site Offices to successfully accomplish their missions. Supports baseline development and performs baseline reviews. NNSA. Applies to DOE/NNSA complex-wide responsibilities, practices, or requirements. NNSA Service Center EPD 1 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook 1.3 EM Projects Planning Framework DOE M 413.3-1 compliance is mandatory for capital asset acquisitions, including NNSA projects with estimated fabrication, implementation, or construction cost greater than $5 million. DOE EM developed a framework for integrating the DOE M 413.3-1 principles into waste management and remedial activities. This framework (Figure 2) reflects relationships between EM project life cycle, project management CDs, and baseline management phases. Remediation Process Site Discovery & Response Response Response Response EM Response Problem Action Action Action Action Completion Action Definition Evaluation Proposal Selection Implementation Completion LONG-TERM RESPONSE ACTION CLEANUP PROJECT LIFECYCLE Project Management Critical Decisions CD-0 CD-1 CD-2 CD-3 CD-4 Baseline Management Documentation Planning Performance Post-Completion Baseline Baseline Baseline Remediation Process Figure 2: EM Projects Planning Framework EM projects entail understanding Response through discovery, Action Site Discovery & Problem Response scope Action Response Action investigation, and characterization and Response EM Response Action Action Completion implementing solutions through alternative analyses, Definition Evaluation Proposal Completion Selection response selection and documentation, and field Implementation cleanup. Both CDs and the EM process follow a systematic and logical sequence. Accordingly, baseline LONG-TERM documentation evolves as the understanding of site conditions increases, site data quality and information RESPONSE ACTION improves, and the range of uncertainties narrows. Project baselines transition from prerequisite then to CLEANUP PROJECT LIFECYCLE performance and finally to post-completion, aligning with CD-0 through CD-4 (Table 1). This handbook assumes NNSA SC EM projects have achieved at least CD-2, but are not approved for CD-4. Project Management Critical Decisions CD-0 CD-1 CD-2 CD-3 CD-4 Baseline Management Documentation Planning Performance Post-Completion Baseline Baseline Baseline NNSA Service Center EPD 2 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Applicable EM Phase CD Definition Baseline Phase 1: Initiation (pre-CD-0) CD-0: Approve Mission Need (Initiation Phase) CD-1: Approve System Prerequisite Baseline Requirements and (Section 1.3.1) Phase 2: Definition (pre-CD-1) Alternatives, Conceptual Design Report (Definition Phase) CD-2: Approve Acquisition Phase 3: Execution (pre-CD-2) Performance Baseline, Final Design Report (Execution Phase 4: Execution (pre-CD-3) Phase) Phase 5: Execution (post-CD-3) Performance CD-3: Approve Start of Baseline, Construction/Remediation (Section 1.3.2) (Execution Phase) Phase 6: Transition (pre-CD-4) CD-4: Approve Project Transition, Project Closeout Phase 7: Close-out (post-CD-4) (Transition/Closeout Phase) Post-completion Baseline (Section 1.3.3) Table 1. Critical Decision and Baseline Relationships The Integrated Project Team (IPT) is critical to EM planning framework. IPTs are comprised of Federal and contractor professionals of diverse disciplines with specific knowledge, skills, and abilities necessary to support successful project execution. Project Directors, contracting officers, safety and quality, legal, and technical personnel participate on IPTs. As projects progress from initiation to transition/closeout, IPTs evolve to incorporate the necessary skills. NNSA Service Center EPD 3 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook The IPT is responsible for the following project planning activities: Developing acquisition and project contracting strategy Supporting project performance, scope, schedule, cost, safety, and quality objectives Identifying and defining appropriate and adequate project scope, schedule and cost parameters Performing monthly reviews and assessments of project performance and status against established performance parameters, baselines, milestones, and deliverables Planning and participating in project reviews, audits, and appraisals as necessary Reviewing CD packages for completeness and recommending approval or disapproval Reviewing change requests and supporting change control boards Planning and participating in operational readiness reviews Supporting the preparation, review, and approval of project completion and closeout documentation. 1.3.1 PREREQUISITE BASELINE Develop project prerequisite baselines at CD-0 and CD-1 to provide information regarding scope, schedule, resource needs, and acquisition strategy for the CD-2 performance baseline. Describe the strategy and requirements for achieving CD-2. Establish project requirements at CD-1 to ensure clear contract statements of work, a risk-based end state, and criteria for achieving EM completion. 1.3.2 PERFORMANCE BASELINE/PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT BASELINE Establish a performance baseline at CD-2 and maintain it until CD-4. Define performance parameters, scope, and a risk-based end state. Provide a schedule that integrates the cleanup tasks with Government Furnished Services & Items (GFSI) and resource-loaded activities. Risk management and contingency planning are also critical elements of the performance baseline as cleanup projects inherently have varying degrees of uncertainty. The EM performance baseline is synonymous with DOE/NNSA Acquisition Performance Baseline. The contractor project manager submits the performance baseline to the FPD. The FPD approves it and submits it to EM HQ for final approval at CD-2. A performance measurement baseline (PMB) is a performance baseline that DOE has reviewed and validated. The PMB provides the basis for all performance reporting, e.g., earned value, performance metrics, and management commitments. The NNSA SC may review the performance baseline and any baseline change proposals (BCPs). EPD's Baseline Review Handbook describes the review process. 1.3.3 POST-COMPLETION BASELINE Post-completion baselines are established at CD-4. Like the performance baseline, the post-completion baseline defines cleanup performance parameters, scope, schedule, and cost estimates. However, it addresses activities that occur after EM completion, including institutional controls, long-term response actions, and other activities and responsibilities needed to maintain the site in a sustainable, safe condition. Administrative activities such as five-year remedy reviews, permit renewals, and information management are also described in the post-completion baseline. NNSA Service Center EPD 4 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook 1.4 Baseline Management Overview Approved baselines allow for systematically managed projects by providing the basis for measuring performance and demonstrating that the project is under financial and managerial control. An approved baseline provides DOE assurance that the project is inherently less risky because it demonstrates sound planning, assumptions, and management. An approved baseline reflects high confidence in the baseline, resulting in DOE's ability to be a project proponent to EM Headquarters, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), and Congress. If a baseline does not receive approval, then the FPD must address the deficiencies. During the execution phase (CD-2 and CD-3), the baseline is reviewed for the following: Baseline Baseline integrity in terms of scope, schedule, and cost elements: Baseline documentation scope, Assumptions used in deriving the baseline schedule, Risk identification, quantification, mitigation, and reporting and cost Procedures for reporting performance against the baseline Procedures for managing baseline changes Contractors must report progress against the PMB. Changes to the PMB are made in accordance with the contractor's approved procedures. Figure 3 depicts the overall relationship of baseline management processes discussed in this document. Baseline Reporting Baseline Development Baseline Review Baseline Maintenance (Change Control) Figure 3: Baseline Management Process Overview Solid lines reflect the general flow for a new project. Dashed lines reflect the dynamic baseline management occurring for ongoing projects. NNSA Service Center EPD 5 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook 2.0 BASELINE DOCUMENTS Project baseline documents describe project scope, schedule, and cost estimates and are linked by the work breakdown structure (WBS) (Figure 4). Define the scope before developing the schedule and cost estimates. Lack of clear scope definition frequently causes negative cost and schedule variances (SV) and baseline changes. Distributing resource needs throughout the project schedule results in schedule and cost estimates reflecting information contained in the baseline scope. Section 3 provides scope, schedule, and cost estimate information. WBS - The Glue That Ties All Baseline Elements Together WBS Numbering System Hierarchy: Scope 1. 1.4. 1.4.2. 18.104.22.168. 126.96.36.199.7 WBS 22.214.171.124.7.8. Cost Schedule 184.108.40.206.7.8.10. 126.96.36.199.7.8.10.AA Cost Accounting Codes Must Tie To The WBS Numbering System ! Figure 4: WBS and Scope, Schedule, and Cost Relationship The WBS must crosscut baseline documents (described in this section) and tie together both vertically and horizontally (Figure 5). For example, horizontal traceability is demonstrated when a particular WBS level is identified in the responsibility assignment matrix (RAM), the task scope description (TSD), and the project schedule with consistent scope, schedule, and costs. Vertical traceability is demonstrated by identifying a work hierarchy from high-level documents, such as the program assumptions document (PAD), to more detailed documents such as the project schedule and TSDs. The following sections describe the documents developed to represent the baseline. NNSA Service Center EPD 6 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Documentation Sc co WBS/WBS Dictionary Table of Contents oppe e// RAM Roles & Responsibilities C os os PEP Project Summary tS t/S PAD Project level assumptions ch TSDs Detailed description of work, schedule, & costs ed ull Schedule w/ GFSI Work sequencing & resource loading e Priority List FY funding priorities Risk Management Plan Risk analysis, mitigation plans, & tracking Cost Plans Annualized costs Metrics Annualized quantities OH Annual applied overhead rates Escalation Factors Annual applied escalation rates Acquisition Plan Services & products procurement PCSD Management processes Figure 5: Baseline Documentation 2.1 Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) The WBS has two distinct parts: the WBS and the WBS dictionary. These are developed at the project start and used throughout the baseline documentation (Figure 5). Figure 6 provides an example generic and sample WBS. 2.1.1 WBS The WBS is a hierarchy of related activities and/or products that must occur to accomplish project objectives. The WBS can be structured in many ways as long as it reflects the way work is performed and costs can be collected, summarized, and reported using this structure. For instance, the WBS can be structured by waste type, waste location, or processing method. The WBS begins at Level 1, representing the entire system. Lower levels are consecutively numbered 2, 3, 4, etc. The contractor maintains the WBS down to at least one level below WBS Level 8, or the deliverable level. Control accounts (the cost and schedule control focus for each project) usually are established at or just below the deliverable level for EM projects or at the appropriate level as determined by the project manager. Assign responsibility for each control account to the project manager or a control account manager (CAM) responsible for controlling resources and tasks for the control account. Each contractor maintains a CAM list. Additionally, each contractor establishes, implements, and maintains a process for controlling control account openings and closings, in accordance with the contractor's work authorization procedures. For any opened control account, contractors maintain control account packages, which include the following at a minimum: Work authorization record Baseline scope, schedule, and cost estimates Cost and schedule performance, baseline variances and corrective actions, and baseline change control action records. NNSA Service Center EPD 7 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook USDOE Headquarters Level 1 – Department Level 1.0 Environmental Management (EM-1) Level 2– Program Level 1.4 Environmental Restoration Program Level 3 – Field Level Environmental 1.4.X Programs Dept. Level 4 – Site or Project Level ETEC GA GE ITL LEHR LBNL SLAC 1.4.X.X Level 4 – Site or Project Site or Project 1.4.X.X Level Level 5 – Remedial Actions D&D Facilities Prog. Mgmt. LTES TS&D Summary Subproject 1.4.X.X.1 1.4.X.X.2 1.4.X.X.3 1.4.X.X.4 Facilities Level 1.4.X.X.5 Level 6 – OU-1 OU-2 D&D D&D Proj. Mgmt. Technical Project Project Project 1 Project 2 Support Support Subproject Level 1.4.X.X.1.1 1.4.X.X.1.2 1.4.X.X.2.1 1.4.X.X.2.2 1.4.X.X.3.1 1.4.X.X.3.2 Assessment Project Technical Information Administration Systems Level 7 – Characterization Project Controls Regulatory Compliance Activity Level Remediation Community Relations Risk Assessment Short Term Site Closure Records Management Monitoring Typical Remediation Typical Project Mgmt. Typical Technical Activities Activities Support Activities Figure 6: Generic Work Breakdown Structure 2.1.2 WBS DICTIONARY Activities associated with each WBS are defined in the WBS Dictionary. The definitions cover the life cycle scope, not just the estimate to complete (ETC). The WBS Dictionary does not include dates and costs (because these are included in the TSDs and schedule). A contractor may include the WBS Dictionary information within TSDs if the scope is described to WBS Level 8 or 9. An example of a WBS Dictionary is provided in Table 2. NNSA Service Center EPD 8 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook WBS Definition The laboratory has an ongoing research mission. The site will maintain most of its 43 square mile property but is considering transfer of up to 7,000 acres to the country for industrial use. Land and facilities that DOE 22.214.171.124. will retain will be remediated to allow for industrial use. The land that has been released or is scheduled to be released will be remediated to allow for unrestricted sue. The environmental restoration project is scheduled for completion in FY2015. Assessment consists of CERCLA remedial investigation including risk assessments, feasibility studies including ARAR identification, removal 184.108.40.206.1 actions, and codification of cleanup standards and selected remedy for Assessment remedial action in the record of decision. Also included are monitor well field O&M and compliance monitoring during the assessment phase. RI consists of investigation, evaluation, and documentation of site 220.127.116.11.1.1 characteristics, nature and extent of contamination, contaminant fate and Remedial transport, and risks/hazards posed by contaminants identified at the site. Investigation RI includes information gathering, field investigations, data collection, (RI) analysis, QA/QC and evaluation, risk assessment, and preparation of RI documents. RI planning consists of the preparation and review of plans that identify 188.8.131.52.1.1.1 how the RI will proceed. Work plan, chemical data acquisition plan, RI Planning sampling and analysis plan, site health and safety plan, data management plan, community relations plan, and risk assessment plan are included. 126.96.36.199.1.1.1 Work plan consists of all activities related to the preparation and review of .1 a detailed scope of work and task and subtask descriptions, and development of interrelations, schedule, resource requirements, and Work plan sequencing. Table 2. WBS Dictionary Example 2.2 Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM) The RAM states the name, title, organization, and phone number of each CAM responsible for the scope, schedule, and cost performance for each work package defined in the WBS. Elements of the Organizational Breakdown Structure can be included in the RAM by including the CAM's department or organization. Table 3 includes a sample RAM. NNSA Service Center EPD 9 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook WBS WBS Title CAM Title Organization Control Phone Number Acclount No. 1.0 PRS#16-30 Shirley Jackson Environmental Engineering AB110.1 (505) 555-1211 Scientist Dept. 1.1 Characterization Gilbert Johnson Geohydrologist Geophysics AB110.12 (505) 555-1212 Dept. 1.1.1 RFI Report Sue Smith Env. Eng. Geophysics AB110.121 (505) 555-1213 Dept. 126.96.36.199 Field Work Frank Bell Env. Eng Engineering AB110.1211 (505) 555-1213 Dept. 188.8.131.52.1 Work Plan A Jane Johnson Senior Scientist Geophysics AB110.12111 Dept. Note: All WBS elements will be included in the RAM. Table 3. Responsibility Assignment Matrix Example 2.3 Project Execution Plan (PEP) The PEP summarizes critical information and documentation necessary for managing the project. DOE M 413.3-1 specifies the PEP's contents. PEP topics (that may be summarized in the PEP and more fully presented in another document) include: Mission need statement and project objectives Organization chart with positions, departments, and names Organizational Breakdown Structure, including responsibility assignment matrix, roles, responsibilities, authorities, and accountabilities; change control management, support functions Project description, including reference to operational, technical, and functional requirements, and priorities Acquisition and contracting strategy, including methods used to conduct the various activities and sub-activities (e.g., what work is conducted in-house and what is performed by contract). Summary of the following information that is provided in separate documents: Schedule (project begin, major milestones, planned design reviews, including critical design reviews and other reviews, and critical path[s]) Annual and life-cycle costs Metrics by year, including history Resource requirements (including budget, staffing, support contracts) Site development, permits, and licensing Integrated Safety Management Quality assurance plan 2.4 Programmatic Assumptions Document (PAD) The PAD documents key assumptions used to develop the project's life cycle baseline. Update the PAD as assumptions change. The PAD accompanies the initial baseline, updates to the baseline, and baseline reviews. Programmatic assumptions are those that apply to the majority of project activities. The PAD may be a stand-alone document or the information included in the PEP. Assumptions included are: NNSA Service Center EPD 10 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Technical assumptions (e.g., overall strategy and assumptions for remedial actions or waste management, sampling assumptions, document preparation, information and data management, decontamination and decommissioning (D&D), long-term environmental stewardship (LTES)) Schedule Regulatory assumptions (including assumptions for regulatory review periods) Administrative Project organization Prioritization Budget and cost estimating assumptions (cost estimating types and methodologies, contingency development, budget cycles) Programmatic risk development assumptions Describe activity-specific assumptions in the TSDs. 2.5 Task Scope Descriptions (TSD) TSDs tie scope, cost estimate, and schedule together for individual tasks using the common WBS. Provide sufficient detail so an independent expert who has a general knowledge of the scope area but limited project knowledge can understand them. Write TSDs to WBS Levels 8 or 9, depending on the project and as negotiated between DOE and the contractor. Update them annually at a minimum. Instructions and format for preparing TSDs, along with an example, are included in Appendix B. TSDs include, but are not limited to, the following headings: WBS number and title Date prepared and updated Control account manager and organization Performance measures Planned start and completion dates Annual cost plan and FTE plan Cost estimating methodology Work scope and resource requirements Critical milestones Project risks References Related TSDs Gantt chart 2.6 Baseline Schedule The baseline schedule is the primary tool used to manage the project. Section 3.2 discusses schedule development and requirements in detail. The schedule is logically built and resource loaded and has a defined critical path or paths. Maintain a milestone log that will accompany the schedule and include enforceable agreement milestones, EM NNSA Service Center EPD 11 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook corporate performance measures, management commitments, critical path milestones, and other milestones. 2.7 Government Furnished Services and Items (GFSI) GFSI includes those activities performed by DOE and other government agency employees necessary for accomplishing project completion. GFSI activities are integrated into the project schedule. The baseline links GFSI to required delivery dates. The level of detail should be determined based on complexity of the project, remaining project life-cycle, maturity of Federal business systems, and any other factor deemed necessary by the FPD or Project Manager. GFSI activities include the following areas: GFSI defined in contracts Budget preparation and submittal Contract management and oversight Regulatory reviews and approvals Document review and approval Stakeholder interactions Stewardship/government liability requirements Activities to meet material needs of Federal organization Direct Federal contracted work Any other activity required for completing the project, i.e. city, county, or state permits These activities have logical interfaces with the contractors' scheduled activities. DOE and the contractor develop the protocol for statusing GFSI activities since integrating these activities with the contractor's baseline is necessary. 2.8 Priority List The contractor develops a list of execution-year work, identifying and prioritizing discrete activities or groups of activities with associated funding requirements. This makes scope adjustment easier in the event of funding cuts or funding additions. 2.9 Risk Management Plan (RMP) The RMP describes the project's risk management process, methodology, risk analysis results, and mitigation planning. Section 3.4 provides a detailed description of RMPs. RMPs include, but are not limited to, the following categories, representing sequential risk management steps: Risk identification Risk impact analysis and quantification Risk mitigation strategies development Risk monitoring Risk documentation 2.10 Cost Plans Cost plans are usually included in all planning documents to show the total project cost. They should be signed and approved by the contractor project manager and included in each Baseline Performance Report (BPR). Cost plans include costs incurred to date (prior year actuals), current year planned costs, and out- NNSA Service Center EPD 12 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook year plans by year. Provide cost plans to WBS level 6, 7, or 8, depending on the project and agreement between the DOE and the contractor. Table 4 provides an example of a cost plan. FY 2004 Cost Plan ABC Laboratory - Environmental Restoration Project Office Contractor: ABC Laboratory Submitted By: Tom Jones Location: ABC, New Mexico Reporting Period: April, 2004 Date Prepared: May 21, 2004 History CTD WBS Level 5-6 Task Title thru FY03 Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep 18.104.22.168.1 Remedial Actions $20,888,000 $2,540 $2,325 $2,600 $2,800 $2,777 $2,845 $3,500 $3,560 $3,566 $3,800 $3,789 $3,689 Decommissionin 188.8.131.52.2 g $44,336 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Program 184.108.40.206.3 Management $2,093,234 $255 $233 $261 $281 $278 $285 $351 $357 $357 $381 $379 $369 Long Term Surveillance & 220.127.116.11.4 Maintenance $0 $5 $5 $5 $5 $5 $5 $5 $5 $5 $5 $5 $5 PMB (Unescalated) $23,025,570 $2,800 $2,563 $2,866 $3,086 $3,060 $3,135 $3,856 $3,922 $3,928 $4,186 $4,173 $4,063 Contingency $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Escalation $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 PBB (Escalated) $23,025,570 $2,800 $2,563 $2,866 $3,086 $3,060 $3,135 $3,856 $3,922 $3,928 $4,186 $4,173 $4,063 FY04 Outyears Total FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 (FY10-FY15) BAC $37,791 $112,506 $362,907 $1,400,000 $1,600,000 $1,800,000 $9,800,000 $36,038,995 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $44,336 $3,785 $11,266 $36,316 $140,026 $160,027 $180,027 $980,135 $3,608,601 $60 $155 $255 $260 $266 $270 $1,350 $2,676 $41,636 $123,927 $399,478 $1,540,286 $1,760,292 $1,980,297 $10,781,485 $39,694,608 $2,000 $9,914 $31,958 $123,223 $140,823 $158,424 $862,519 $1,328,861 $0 $136,652 $449,747 $1,770,527 $2,065,911 $2,372,918 $13,902,556 $20,698,311 $43,636 $270,493 $881,184 $3,434,036 $3,967,026 $4,511,639 $25,546,560 $61,721,780 Table 4. Cost Plan Example (separated into 2 sheets for display only) 2.11 Performance Metrics Metrics are included in baseline documentation (PMP and TSDs), IPABS (Gold Chart), and contractual documents and can include a variety of items, depending on the project. Some metrics are annualized projections of measurable output project quantities such as numbers of drums shipped to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) or the number of dispositioned sealed sources. Metrics are best displayed in a table and must include history (accomplishments to date), yearly projections, a yearly total and a project total. The table can be included in the PEP or be a stand-alone table. TSDs that include elements captured on the metrics tables should include the metrics information. An example is provided in Table 5. NNSA Service Center EPD 13 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook History to FY09- FY14- FY21- FY31- FY41- FY51- Total Description Date FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 13 20 30 40 50 60 Comments Defined per DOE release Release site 5 4 5 3 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 site metrics table and completions database. Some STUs will shut # operating GW 3 4 4 5 6 8 5 3 0 0 0 0 38 down earlier as VOC & treatment units RDX plumes remediate. Priority to characterize # Drums 9 3 4 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 28 legacy waste, then newly characterized generated Priority to ship legacy # Drums shipped 3 6 7 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 28 waste, then newly generated Table 5. Sample Performance Metrics Table An extract of these project metrics are the basis for the second type, the EM corporate performance measures, that are included in Integrated Planning, Accountability, and Budgeting System Information System (IPABS-IS) and reported in the quarterly BPR. This is a high-level performance metrics table called the "Gold Chart" and described in more detail in Section 126.96.36.199. 2.12 Burden Rates The contractor's finance organization provides approved burden rates and makes them available for DOE review. Rates used, and examples of how rates are applied in the baseline cost estimates, should be presented clearly and concisely. The "Accounting Disclosure Statement" with "provisional rates" identifies what is included in the burden pool and the basis on which they are liquidated. 2.13 Escalation When building a project budget, escalation is applied to cost estimates and contingency for each fiscal year (FY) (excluding the execution year). This converts base-year dollars to year of expenditure dollars; referred to as converting "constant" to "current year" dollars in IPABS-IS. Clearly identify escalation factors in the baseline documentation and ensure consistent application with either OMB-specified escalation rates or DOE-approved rates. 2.14 Acquisition Plan or Procurement Plan DOE M 413.3-1 states "the Acquisition Plan delineates in ever increasing detail the processes by which the Government and/or its contractors will acquire a system, project or product or portions of such system." However, as stated earlier, the assumption is that the projects for which baselines addressed in this Handbook are in the execution phase, not at the mission need stage, when a range of acquisition alternatives are being evaluated. Therefore, using a tailored approach is appropriate for this requirement. A stand-alone acquisition strategy may not be necessary but rather a section could be included in the PEP. The contractor can include the strategy used for integrating multiple subcontractors, as an example. Contractors should have the FPD approve the tailored approach in advance. NNSA Service Center EPD 14 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook 2.15 Project Control System Description (PCSD) The PCSD documents the project control processes used and can be considered a desktop procedure for those responsible for performing project controls. Document the following processes in the PCSD: Baseline development Schedule development Schedule statusing, updating, and reporting Baseline change control procedures IPABS-IS updates Earned value methods Progress reporting procedures Work authorization Update the PCSD as processes change or new requirements are added or deleted. During baseline reviews, project control staff may be interviewed as to how they perform some of their processes. Interview results are typically compared to the PCSD, so it is important the PCSD accurately presents the practices. NNSA Service Center EPD 15 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook 3.0 BASELINE DEVELOPMENT Realistic baseline development requires that technical work scope, schedule, and costs are fully defined based on realistic and understandable assumptions and exclusions, documented in the PAD, and identified and analyzed project risks documented in the RMP. Contractors document baseline development procedures in the PCSD. Scope, schedule, and cost estimate development activities are described in the following sections. 3.1 Scope Project scope describes activities for accomplishing project objectives (e.g., remedial action, waste management, D&D, or LTES). The DOE, applicable regulators, other stakeholders, and the contractor should agree on technical approach and planning assumptions prior to baseline development. The scope serves as the basis for preparing cost and schedule estimates. Describe the overall scope in the PEP and provide detailed descriptions in TSDs. Scope descriptions include constraints and assumptions and are used for preparing activity-based cost (ABC) estimates. Appendix B provides TSD required fields, instructions, and a sample report. The scope should: Describe the work to be done and trace through the WBS levels. See D&D and LTES Clearly relate to the baseline schedule and cost via the WBS. Handbooks Be revised so that it remains accurate and up-to-date Reflect compliance with federal and state environmental, safety, and health laws and requirements. For example, waste management project scopes may describe operations based on specific waste streams (e.g., waste treatment, storage, or shipment; or directing waste minimization, pollution prevention, and characterization activities). Contractors also may identify and document projected capacity needs for on- and off-site treatment, storage, and disposal facilities or for new or upgraded facilities. Program management scope descriptions have special characteristics, differing from activity-specific scope descriptions in several ways. Program management scope descriptions typically include the following: Core or infrastructure requirements. Requirements for quality assurance, health and safety, and Integrated Safety Management. Activities necessary for complying with regulatory drivers such as DOE orders; Federal statutes and regulations (e.g., Federal Facility Compliance Act, Low-level Radioactive Policy Act, or Resource Conservation and Recovery Act); state environmental regulations; and negotiated compliance agreements. Regulatory drivers may require deadlines for performing specific tasks such as periodic reporting, public comment periods, monitoring activities, use of specific protocols, and work exposure limits, which may affect cost and schedule. Level-of-effort (LOE) activities. LOE activities are not easily tracked using earned value project control techniques. To ensure that the project level earned value is appropriately summarized, contractors may choose to set budgeted cost of work performed (BCWP) equal to budgeted cost of work scheduled (BCWS). An alternate approach is tracking program management costs by spend variances (i.e., actual cost of work performed (ACWP) versus BCWS). LOE activities should not be on the critical path because schedule delays associated with LOE work would not cause corresponding delays in the project completion date. NNSA Service Center EPD 16 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook 3.2 Schedule The baseline schedule provides a time-phased, logical sequence of interdependent activities and milestones defined by technical scope. It contains the lowest level PMB schedule elements. The baseline schedule provides source data and status of summary schedule reports, integrates the entire work scope, and assigns resources (hours and dollars). All scheduled activities must be traceable to the WBS and associated cost estimate. Activity relationships and sequencing should describe lifecycle scope, constraints, and decision points reflecting a critical path and enabling meaningful total float analysis. After DOE approves the baseline schedule, contractors should use it as the primary project management tool. Technical and project control staff must understand the assumptions used in building the schedule and the principles involved in maintaining it. Well-constructed and maintained schedules provide critical-path and SV analysis data for timely management decision-making and required corrective actions. The schedule also: Establishes the foundation for the PMB, providing a basis for EV assignment, variance analysis, status reporting, and overall project performance evaluation. Compares actual to planned performance for activities and milestones. Facilitates and supports completion date forecasting of project milestones, activities, and overall project completion. 3.2.1 SCHEDULE TYPES The primary EPD required schedules are project schedules, Master Summary Plan (MSP), and the Integrated Baseline Schedule. 188.8.131.52 Project Schedule Project schedules include planning (also referred to as target or baseline) and forecast (working or status) schedules. Both schedules are fully integrated, resource loaded networks, separately maintained using the scheduling software. At project start or during rebaselining, planning and t forecast schedules are identical for activities that have not started, but will usually diverge when the first forecast schedule is statused. An approved BCP is required for revising the planning schedule but is not required for forecast schedule changes. Forecast schedules are updated and compared with planning schedules monthly, to determine variances in start and finish dates. 220.127.116.11 Master Summary Plan (MSP) MSPs are one page, presentation quality, Gantt charts depicting major activities, milestones, CDs, and performance measures from project start through project completion and progress to date. An MSP is only a snapshot. MSPs need not be electronically generated by the project schedule but should be frequently updated with project schedule information. MSP milestones must be consistent with milestones in IPABS-IS and Project Assessment and Reporting System (PARS) (Section 188.8.131.52) updates. 22.214.171.124 Integrated Baseline Schedule Integrated baseline schedules include contractor-generated project schedules, risk mitigation (or Management) baselines, and the DOE/GFSI baseline. GFSI is described in Section 2.7. 3.2.2 BUILDING A SCHEDULE Building a schedule is an iterative process beginning at project inception and continuing through project completion. Knowledgeable project technical staff and experienced schedulers build the schedule, understanding project constraints (e.g., must be within 90 days of permit approval per permit NNSA Service Center EPD 17 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook requirements), assumptions (e.g., client review not to exceed 10 days), and milestones (e.g., deliverable due dates). Schedules must include: Activities aligned with WBS Resource loaded discrete activities, including subcontractors Resource loaded LOE activities Milestones Enforceable agreement and regulatory-driven milestones EM corporate performance measures Management commitments Budget Approved baseline change actions Predecessor/Successor logic relationships Total Float Critical path identification Project schedules may reflect a rolling wave approach with higher level planning detail of near-term activities and less planning detail for future work. This approach does not preclude inclusion of all known project information in the near term. Near term is between two and five years, depending on the remaining project duration and FPD direction. Beyond the two to five year period, schedule detail should be based on good technical and project management judgment or current site knowledge, task complexity, and risk. Predecessor/successor relationships. Contractors are required to establish activity dependencies in schedules. A schedule dependency is a timing relationship between two activities that determines the logical sequence of events. Activities and events should be logically linked. The most common logic relationship is a finish-to-start relationship (one activity must end before the next can begin). However, finish-to-start is not the way work is always performed. It is also necessary to include logic relationships that provide flexibility, such as one activity (successor) cannot begin until 20 days after another activity (predecessor) starts or one activity cannot finish until 10 days after another activity finishes. Credible critical paths are not possible if activities are not logically linked. Total float. Total float is the difference, usually measured in days, between when an activity could start and finish and when it must start and finish to avoid affecting the critical path and total project duration. Total float management is one of many tools contractors use for managing projects. It highlights future work that could be impacted by current schedule delays, enabling early action. To accurately calculate float, contractors should ensure that activities are logically tied to predecessor/successor activities to create a closed network and remove inaccurate and inappropriate activity constraints. Negative total float indicates the project cannot finish on time. Excessive positive float generally indicates lack of a closed network or incorrect logic. Critical path. Properly constructed project schedules identify credible project critical path(s). A critical path includes activities for which any schedule delay causes a corresponding delay in project completion. Thoroughly develop logical links to ensure an accurate critical path as the basis for forecasting and decision-making throughout project life. Schedules depict critical path(s) for completing the mission and the project end state. Critical path(s) descriptions should be documented in the PEP. Critical paths can change. NNSA Service Center EPD 18 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook 3.3 Cost Cost is the dollar estimate for completing the technical work scope within schedule, regulatory, and funding constraints. ABC estimating is the preferred cost-estimating methodology. This estimating methodology breaks project work into discrete quantifiable activities by the WBS. Include labor requirements (labor dollars = hours x dollars per hour), material, equipment, indirect costs, escalation, and subcontracted costs in cost estimates. Contingency is added for some environmental restoration (ER) projects. 3.3.1 COST ESTIMATING CLASSIFICATIONS DOE commonly uses the following four cost-estimating classifications, reflecting degree of project definition: Planning estimates are used when information is lacking (e.g., for new and/or competing technologies). Planning estimates evaluate and compare potential options or alternatives. Planning estimate cost elements combine, or are based on, parametric models, empirical data, analogies, and expert opinions. Reliability ranges from ±50 percent to ±25 percent. Preliminary estimates are for projects with moderately detailed scope definition (e.g., known technology and processes). Preliminary estimate cost elements are based on parametric cost- estimating relationships and use detailed estimating techniques. Reliability ranges from ±25 percent to ±15 percent. Detailed estimates are appropriate for detailed activity estimates. Reliability ranges from ±15 percent to ±5percent. Government estimates support procurement actions. Baseline documents are public; therefore, government estimates are prepared independently, primarily for procurements actions. They are based on bid documents and specifications and used only for evaluating bids. Governmental estimates are reconciled competitive offers prior to contract award. Reliability ranges from ±5 percent to ±10 percent. Cost estimates are reviewed at each project phase to determine if a more defined cost estimate is attainable based on actual project history. Estimates are the basis of submittals to the budget formulation process. ABC estimates are prepared for activities for a three-year period, supporting DOE budget formulation by establishing estimates for the budget year plus one year. This does not imply that baseline estimates for out-year work can be omitted, but acknowledges that lack of information may impact estimate quality. Estimates for activities required for project completion must be provided and See Cost assumptions and accuracy documented in TSDs. The best possible estimate or Estimating an Handbook existing quote should be provided regardless of the year work is planned. In addition, backup estimates for subcontracts greater than $100K must be available to DOE and include estimated costs for material, labor, and equipment. 3.3.2 COST ESTIMATING METHODOLOGIES Identify a cost estimating methodology consistent with ABC and with the project phase or level of definition. Classify the estimate as LOE, specific analogy, existing contract, bottom-up, empirical data, parametric, estimating models, expert opinion, market quotations, or a combination of methods and include assumptions for determining the life cycle costs. The contractor is expected to: NNSA Service Center EPD 19 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Use estimating techniques (if time and budget are available) that provide the most accurate forecast of expected costs. Use the most current rates available. Rely, wherever possible, on historic cost data. Document labor, material, equipment, and subcontract cost assumptions and exclusions. Provide assumptions used in developing technical, schedule, and cost. Provide discrete estimates of direct and indirect costs. Prepare TSDs that tie scope, schedule, and cost into one document. TSD cost estimates must include labor, material, equipment, and subcontracted costs. See Appendix B for TSD preparation instructions. Escalate estimates based on DOE or OMB approved rates. 3.3.3 TOTAL PROJECT COST COMPONENTS The total project cost (TPC) includes all costs required for completing the scope within schedule, regulatory, and funding constraints, including project management. TPC is computed as follows: TPC = actuals to date + estimate to complete (ETC) + contingency (for ER) ETC includes the following components: Time-Phased Cost Profile. Resource and/or cost load schedule activities for determining annual funding requirements. Employ resource leveling necessary for aligning with realistic out-year funding expectations and regulatory compliance requirements in the submitted baseline cost plan and updated cost plans in monthly and quarterly reports. Subcontractor Estimates. Subcontractor estimates can be either lump sum or hourly estimates, but must include assumptions used to quantify proposed subcontractor efforts. TSDs will contain detailed backup for lump sum and major services in excess of $100K, or amounts specifically directed by EPD. Level of Effort (LOE). Contractors estimate support effort that cannot be measured as discrete accomplishments. LOE is a sustained rate of activity for a specific time period. Assumptions used for developing LOE estimates must be included in baseline PADs or TSDs. Burdened Rates. Direct and burdened rates are established yearly for budget estimating purposes and included in baseline documentation as "Overhead" or "Burdened Rates." Rate variations during the year will not be reflected in the baseline. Contractors should include the algorithms for applying burdened rates in baseline documentation, such as the PAD. Escalation Factors. Clearly identify escalation factors in baseline documentation and demonstrate consistency with either OMB-specified escalation rates or DOE-approved rates. Escalation is applied to baseline estimates each FY to determine the PMB. Contingency. Annual contingency estimates included for some ER projects are also escalated. 3.3.4 ESTIMATE AT COMPLETION EAC = actuals to date + ETC +contingency [for some ER projects] NNSA Service Center EPD 20 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Estimate at completion (EAC) equals actual incurred costs to date plus remaining estimated costs (ETC). It does not include contingency. Contractors develop an ETC at the lowest WBS level for determining required resources for completing remaining tasks in the current working schedule. Contractors use the latest direct and indirect rates experienced, and may re-confirm supplier and subcontractor commitments to accurately forecast the ETC. Revised costs and assumptions are communicated to involved stakeholders. Compare the budget at completion (BAC) to the EAC to derive the variance at completion (VAC). A variety of statistical efficiency factors are available for assessing completed work and evaluating performance trends. This enables valid and objective future performance and EAC forecast calculations. Efficiency factors complement project manager judgment and experience in assessing project performance and forecasting future costs. EACs can be computed automatically by most project management software based on monthly input of actual and/or accrued costs. Reliable revised EACs can be generated using mathematical algorithms if the original baseline estimates were valid and minimal changes to original project assumptions have occurred. When projects have not followed the original plan, EAC computation is inappropriate and a detailed EAC is developed to include information not considered in the original baseline assumptions. Contractors document EAC development processes and criteria in the PCSD. Procedures should include at least annual EAC reviews. The DOE reviews and approves revised EACs, ETCs, assumptions, crosswalks, and other required documentation. 3.4 Risk Management Perform risk management for identifying and mitigating inherent project risks. Because projects contain uncertainty (e.g., changes to funding profiles and/or technical and regulatory requirements), a risk management strategy is necessary for managing projects responsibly. Uncertainties can impact TPCs and/or schedules that are based on the "most likely case". DOE M 413.3-1 states, "risk management is a structured, formal, and disciplined approach, focused on the necessary steps and planning actions to determine and control risks to an acceptable level." Begin risk management early in the project and continue in a proactive manner throughout the project life cycle. The following risk management steps are defined in Section 3.4.3: Risk identification Risk impact analysis and quantification Risk mitigation strategies development Risk monitoring Risk documentation Document the risk management process (including project risk management philosophy, approach, objectives, and priorities) and risk analysis results. Both can be included in the RMP (see Section 3.4.3). DOE may direct EM projects to incorporate risk analysis results in TPCs. Uncertainties derived from risk analysis are categorized as contingency risk or programmatic risk. The relationship between contingency and programmatic risk in evaluating risk is shown in Figure 7. Detailed risk categorization depicted in Figure 7 and Figure 8 is not mandatory, but contractors should consider this process for establishing a risk framework. NNSA Service Center EPD 21 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook INCLUDED IN BASELINE NOT IN BASELINE COST ESTIMATE PROGRAMMATIC RISK Known Scope ("Knowns") Potential New Scope ("Unknowns") Unlikely Basic Contingency Most Likely Likely (Worst Estimate Case) Accuracy of the Computed Computed Computed, WBS No. Technical Scope Basic Estimate by % or by % or as (~5-10%) known known appropriate 22.214.171.124.1 Project Management 12,000 - - - - 220.127.116.11.2 Remedial Actions: 188.8.131.52.2.1 TA-33 18,000 1,800 750 - - 188.8.131.52.2.2 TA-54 22,000 2,200 650 11,000 44,000 220.127.116.11.2.3 TA-49 8,500 850 1,200 - - 188.8.131.52.3.4 Decommissioning 2,300 230 12 - - 22.214.171.124.4 TSD Facilities 550 55 4 275 1,100 126.96.36.199.5 LTS&M 23 2 5 - - ======= ====== ===== ===== ====== Subtotals (Expected Value) (PMB) $63,373 $5,137 $2,621 $11,275 $45,100 IN-SCOPE OUT OF COPE Probability Of Probability Of HIGH 100% 99 - 90% 89 - 80% 79 - 40% 39- 1% LOW Occurrence Occurrence Environmental Liability Ownership Cost Plan * Held Outside of Project Contractor/CPM PM Baseline (PMB) ------> 63,373 Baseline * Ownership = DOE DOE/PO Contingency------> 7,758 Program Vulnerability ====== Project Budget Base (PBB) 71,131 * Held outside of Project DOE/FPD ------> Baseline * Ownership = HQ/EM APPROVED PROJECT BASELINE Figure 7: Simplistic Contingency and Programmatic Risk Model 3.4.1 CONTINGENCY Contingency estimates are intended to cover inadequacies in basic known scope estimates and resulting schedule delays. It accounts for incomplete design, unforeseen and unpredictable conditions, or uncertainties in project or subproject scope. For example, receiving more transuranic (TRU) waste for characterization than planned and more WIPP shipments than planned are instances of contingency risk, rather than programmatic risk. Contingency associated with current FY activities should be substantially less than out- year amounts since near-term work is better defined than out-year work. Contingency is calculated after base cost estimates are derived by determining risks associated with achieving the work scope. Figure 8 depicts that project efficiencies can accelerate schedule completion and reduce costs, or conversely, that realized programmatic risks could delay project schedule completion and increase costs. NNSA Service Center EPD 22 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Schedule Estimate (yrs) Cost Estimate (CY $) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1X Potential Cost Avoidance All Project Efficiencies All Programmatic Risks Basic Estimate "Best Case" - BOE/TSD Realized Realized "Most Likely Case" - EPD Approved Contingency Estimate Baseline/IPABS/PBS Programmatic Risk "Worst Case" - EM Program Liability Estimate Total Estimate Cost (Worst Case) Figure 8: Estimating Assumptions 184.108.40.206 Cost Contingency Cost contingency is DOE, not contractor, controlled. However, contractors may hold and track contingency in a project management control account. EPD approves contingency usage in accordance with established change control thresholds. When DOE approves a BCP requesting contingency use, the contingency budget is reduced and the PMB increases based on the contractor's BCP justification. Changes are reflected in a contractor contingency log. 18.104.22.168 Schedule Contingency Schedule contingency is allotted time to compensate for potential occurrence schedule delays. Schedule risk factors include technical data gaps, infrastructure constraints, labor productivity levels, labor availability, characterization and cleanup plan completeness, project complexity, applicable technology availability, stakeholder involvement, regulatory delays, and constructability issues. Schedule contingency should explicitly address identified risks, especially those likely to have the greatest project execution impact. Schedule contingency does not cover schedule delays resulting from funding reductions. Schedule contingency may be necessary when unrealistic or overly optimistic activity duration estimates are used or too many activities are scheduled in parallel rather than using more "finish to start" activities. The received contingency amount is commonly developed using Monte Carlo simulation methods. To perform these simulations, activity duration range estimates are developed for inclusion in the risk analysis. For example, excavating contaminated soil may take two days for best case, ten days for worst case, and five days for most likely case. The Monte Carlo computer simulation performs basic scheduling calculation iterations using activity duration values sampled from the range estimates. An appropriate schedule contingency amount is allocated during project execution as necessary. The contingency allocation is managed and documented through approved baseline changes. NNSA Service Center EPD 23 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook 3.4.2 PROGRAMMATIC RISK Programmatic risk covers work having a medium level of project definition and out-of-scope work with low levels of project definition. Programmatic risk is an estimate of potential new scope or additional in- scope work and can equal more than 100% of the base cost estimates. 3.4.3 RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN (RMP) The RMP is a required part of the project baseline documentation. It documents the entire risk management process and includes the project's risk management approach and project personnel's risk management roles and responsibilities. It also includes the actual risk analysis results (risk identification, impact, etc.). The amount of detail in the RMP should be proportionate to the project's potential risk consequences. Update the RMP with a frequency commensurate with the magnitude of identified risks and the project phase but no less frequently than annually. Sections 188.8.131.52 through 220.127.116.11 present the steps necessary to develop an RMP. 188.8.131.52 Risk Identification Identify possible risks by consulting key personnel; drawing upon experiences; and evaluating current technical issues and alternatives, regulatory/political climate, budget projections, value engineering sessions, alternative analysis, and other relevant data sources. Identify risks at activity levels or the level considered most appropriate by the project team. Project team brainstorming sessions are appropriate to initiate this process. The agreed upon list of identified risks should be documented in the RMP. DOE M 413.3-1 suggests the use of a "risk screening" checklist to assist in determining whether the identified risk should be included in the risk management process. 188.8.131.52 Risk impact analysis and quantification This risk management step is the most labor intensive. The DOE encourages the use of tailoring in determining risk commensurate with dollar value, complexity, and project visibility. Performing risk analysis depends on project complexity and size. Avoid shortcuts where negative risk potential is high. Determine the probability of occurrence and cost, schedule, and technical consequences if the risk occurs and provide yearly cost consequences. Contractors may choose from several methods for quantifying risks. These include probability multiplied by consequence, simulation (such as Monte Carlo), expert opinion, and decision trees. Substantiate risk estimates with reasonable assumptions. DOE's October 2000 draft Project Management Practice, Section 8, Risk Management, includes tables that describe typical criteria for defining probabilities and consequences. These probability and consequence tables are used with qualitative and quantitative methods of risk quantification. Project Management Practice Section 8 includes a sample risk assessment form for documenting the necessary risk information in the RMP. The FPD may direct some ER projects to incorporate risk analysis results into the TPC. 220.127.116.11 Risk mitigation strategies development The project team should select the risk mitigation, or handling, strategy for each risk, identifying the optimum set of steps to balance risk with other factors, such as cost and timeliness. Handling strategies generally fall into one of four major categories (reduce or mitigate, accept, avoid, or transfer). Document in the RMP these selected strategies. See DOE's October 2000 draft Project Management Practice, Section 8 for descriptions of these major categories. NNSA Service Center EPD 24 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook 18.104.22.168 Risk monitoring Risk monitoring is the tracking of risk action items developed from risk handling strategies, the evaluation of new risks, and the reevaluation of changes in previously identified risks. Because the monitored information and indicators are so diverse, appropriate tracking tools will vary among projects. Define a tracking system and tracking tools commensurate with project size and complexity. Unfavorable trends from risk tracking indicate that risks were not fully or properly defined or that mitigation strategies were not adequate. In such cases, reevaluate the risk analysis. As the project matures, the project team must reassess risks and strategies. Reevaluation frequency should correspond to project change and uncertainty dynamics. 126.96.36.199 Risk documentation Risk documentation is the recording of the risk management steps in the RMP. It describes the identified risk from cradle-to-grave. That is, the RMP must describe the risk, estimated impacts, handling strategy, and final disposition. Final disposition documentation includes whether the risk was realized (and at what final cost or schedule impact compared with the estimate), not realized, or the manner it was mitigated. NNSA Service Center EPD 25 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook 4.0 BASELINE REVIEW DOE reviews baselines to assure baseline1 integrity. Reviews are performed minimally prior to each CD for assessing project readiness for proceeding to the next phase. Reviews are also conduced, as necessary, with significant baseline changes due to technical redirection, new scope addition, large funding shifts, and other situations. See DOE M 413.3-1 and the Baseline Review Handbook for review typed descriptions and review team selection. Baselines are usually reviewed at the project location. The contractor presents the baseline review team with a stand-alone package. The review team will assess the scope, schedule, and cost adequacy without needing to request additional information during the review. The Baseline Review Handbook provides a checklist against which the review team will evaluate the baseline. The baseline documentation should: Include all baseline documents listed in Section 2 Be a stand-along information package Be traceable to the previously approved baseline. Review team members document their findings on the Baseline Review Comments and Findings Form. Review team members clearly identify findings, information sources, and recommendations for addressing See Baseline findings. The contractor responds to the recommendations on the forms Review and provides a timeframe for implementation. Once recommendations are Handbook satisfactorily implemented, the review team members officially close out the findings on the form. The Baseline Review Handbook is devoted to describing the how's, why's, when's, and where's of reviewing EM project baselines. 1 Baseline reviews are only one review type DOE or other independent entities perform for ensuring DOE management that technical, schedule, and fiscal commitments are being met. Others include Independent Cost Reviews, Independent Project Reviews, External Independent Reviews, and Readiness Reviews. DOE M 413.3-1 describes these various reviews. NNSA Service Center EPD 26 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook 5.0 BASELINE PERFORMANCE REPORTING Baseline performance reporting is fundamental for determining how the EM project is performing against the approved baseline. This section describes the processes for assessing and reporting progress, including various analyses and reporting requirements. Contractors should use this handbook as a basis for preparing internal baseline analysis and reporting procedures. Contractors are required to status and report baselined activities to DOE on a regular basis. Contractors are also required to report status against appropriate milestones or performance measures. The DOE uses IPABS-IS, specifically the Program Execution Module (PEM), as their official HQ reporting mechanism. The PEM reports status at the project baseline summary (PBS) level on planned cost, schedule, milestones, and performance measures. The DOE also requires periodic performance reporting and program reviews. 5.1 Earned Value Principles DOE M 413.3-1 requires that projects implement an earned value management system (EVMS). EVMS provides contractor and DOE managers with accurate data for monitoring project execution. It provides the tools for measuring work progress and facilitating sound DOE and contractor decision-making. An EVMS objectively measures progress against baselined scope, schedule, and cost. The EVMS may be tailored to the project size, risk, and visibility. The contractor is responsible for implementing an EVMS whose elements include: Planning project work scope through project completion. Integrating project scope, schedule, and cost objectives against which accomplishments may be measured. Objectively assessing accomplishments at the work performance level. Analyzing significant variances from the plan and forecasting impacts. Providing data to higher levels for management decision-making and implementation of management actions. Budget is established for each scheduled work elements and is referred to as BCWS. As these work elements complete, their values are "earned" and referred to as earned value or BCWP. Work progress is quantified, and the earned value metric is compared with the actual expenditures for performing the work (referred to as ACWP) and what was scheduled for accomplishment (BCWS). Without earned value, only planned expenditures (BCWS) and actual expenditures (ACWP) can be compared, which does not indicate how much of the planned work was actually accomplished (BCWP). Earned value provides the data for calculating variances and other related performance indices, as discussed in the sections below. 5.2 Reporting Elements Table 6 lists contractor performance reporting elements. Reports may be calculated for WBS levels on a current and cumulative to-date basis. The reports are expressed in terms of dollars, time (days), performance or output metrics, or milestones. Table 6 depicts some data elements and dollarized variances. 5.2.1 ACTUAL COST ACCUMULATION To ensure accurate cost reporting consistent with internal cost reporting systems, the ACWP reported on the contractor cost performance report (CPR) should be identical to the costs reported for that month in NNSA Service Center EPD 27 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook DOE's Management Analysis Reporting System (MARS). The MARS is the official DOE system for funds and cost status. Actual costs from MARS are automatically downloaded as ACWP each month. Use a reconciliation process to ensure that ACWP reporting and cost invoicing are synchronized. Where actual costs reported and actual costs invoiced are different due to report and invoice cycles timing, the costs in the next reporting cycle should be adjusted to reflect accrued costs for the two or more periods affected. The contractor should have an accrual process in place and documented in the PCSD. Enter accrued costs into the MARS in order to be used in the project control system reports. Explain exceptions in contractors' monthly reporting to the EPD. Element Examples Formula Data Elements Planned value (BCWS) Earned value (BCWP) Actual costs (ACWP) Budget at Completion (BAC) Sum of BCWSs Estimate at Completion (EAC) Cumulative ACWP + ETC Dollarized Schedule variance (SV) BCWP-BCWS Variances Cost variance (CV) BCWP-ACWP Variance at Completion (VAC) BAC-EAC Spend variance BCWS-ACWP Schedule Schedule variance in days (project schedule) Planning (target) schedule minus Variances forecast (working) schedule (days) Performance Cost Variance % (BCWP-ACWP)/BCWP*100 Indices Cost Performance Index (CPI) BCWP/ACWP Schedule Variance % (BCWP-BCWS)/BCWS*100 Schedule Performance Index (SPI) BCWP/BCWS To-Complete Performance Index (TCPI) (BAC-cumBCWP)/(BAC-cumACWP) Performance Annualized EM metrics include: Metrics Waste retrieved (outputs such Treatment (amounts treated) as volume and Storage (amounts stored or removed from count) storage) Disposal (amounts sent for disposal) Number of shipments New waste generated Number of release sites complete or remedial actions complete Milestones Budget Milestones (Who does Project start/complete what by what Critical Decisions date?) Regulator or Enforceable Agreement Milestones Management Commitment Milestones Other milestones Table 6. Contractor Reporting Elements NNSA Service Center EPD 28 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Figure 9 graphically depicts commonly used earned value performance indicators. ETC Projected ACWP at Completion (EAC) Projected Cost Overrun at BCWS Completion (VAC = BAC-EAC) ACWP BAC Projected Delay in CV Project Completion SV Formulas CV = BCWP - ACWP $ SV = BCWP - BCWS VAC = BAC - EAC BCWP Time Time Now Planned Projected Completion Completion ACWP - actual cost of work performed EAC - estimate at completion BAC - budget at completion ETC - estimate to complete Measurement Parameters Figure 9: PerformanceSV - schedule variance BCWP - budgeted cost for work performed BCWS - budgeted cost for work scheduled VAC - variance at completion CV - cost variance 5.2.2 VARIANCE ANALYSIS AND REPORTING The baseline is the basis for project performance analysis and reporting. A thorough analysis provides the project management staff with the following: (1) Consistent assessment of accomplished work (2) Information for deriving corrective actions when significant baseline variances, or deviations, develop (3) Tools for forecasting future trends. The analysis requires a review of actual costs an, earned value, and schedule status against the PMB and baselined metrics and milestones. Corrective action planning requires an understanding of the data elements and variances for project recovery. Analysis results and identified corrective actions enable the project management staff to effectively control the project. Variance analyses identify problems, determine reasons for plan deviations, formulate corrective action plans, and report the results, based on performance to date and estimates of future conditions. Evaluate variances at the cost account level and summarize up through the WBS. Variances exceeding approved reporting thresholds are incorporated in the contractor's quarterly BPR. Established variance thresholds enable management to focus attention and resources on the most significant variances. Contractor project managers should ensure that thorough performance analyses occur and include identification of: NNSA Service Center EPD 29 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Variance causes Cost, schedule, and regulatory project impacts Recovery prognosis (planned corrective actions and trending analyses). Contractors prepare and maintain a reporting and analysis procedure for EPD review, comment, and concurrence, which is normally included in the PCSD. At a minimum, these procedures should be consistent with this handbook and reflect unique project-specific conditions. Contractors establish variance thresholds for determining and reporting significant cost and schedule exceptions. These variance thresholds should be more stringent than the FPD thresholds. Table 7 includes example contractor variance thresholds for preparing BPR variance analyses. Variances exceeding DOE-established thresholds require analysis and appropriate corrective action. DOE reporting thresholds may be adjusted based on contractor performance and reissued to the contractors. Negative variances can be carried over from one fiscal year to the next without requiring rebaselining. If DOE approved reporting thresholds have not been developed, the contractor recommends thresholds for DOE review. If the contractor finds these approved reporting thresholds to be inappropriate following several reporting cycles, the contractor formally requests deviations from these thresholds, which includes the reasons for the requests. The FPD makes a determination on the request and provides a written response to the contractor. WBS Variance Current Reporting Cumulative Variance at Level Type Period (3 months) Year to Date (Project) to Date Completion 8 CV & SV ± 10% or $50K ± 20% or $200K ± 20% or $500K ± 20% or $1M (Whichever is (Whichever is (Whichever is (Whichever is lower) lower) lower) lower) 8 Schedule 1 month 2 months or any 3 months or any 6 months or (Time) delay that slips delay that slips any delay that activity into a activity into a slips activity new FY new FY into a new FY Table 7. Example Reporting Thresholds 126.96.36.199 Schedule Variance (Time or Dollars) A SV is defined as BCWP minus BCWS and is normally expressed in dollars. SV = BCWP – BCWS Express SV in terms of time or dollars, depending on whether the planning and forecast schedules or BCWS and BCWP are compared. When the variance is expressed in terms of time, the project management and project control staff evaluate it relative to the project schedule. This evaluation quantifies the extent of the schedule deviation, analyzes the schedule deviation in relation to the critical path, and determines whether variance analysis is warranted. Whether the variance is expressed in terms of dollars, it is referred to and defined as BCWP less BCWS. If reporting thresholds are exceeded for either time or dollars, the variance analysis must include the following: Net Variance. The variance value in dollars or days. NNSA Service Center EPD 30 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Cause. Explain the specific variance causes. Examples of causes include delays from vendors, rework, unforeseen complexities, tooling problems, increased/reduced productivity/efficiency of labor resources, or insufficient resources. Impact. Address the impact that a schedule slippage will have on other tasks or baseline elements within the project, i.e., project end date, performance measures, milestones, cost, and stakeholders/regulators. Potential cost escalation resulting from end date slippage is determined. The CAM addresses any current or potential problem areas for possible corrective action. Corrective action. After the cause and impact are determined, formulate corrective action plans for mitigating any unfavorable variance impacts. The CAM reviews and approves these plans. The plans include a detailed explanation of the corrective action, how the action is expected to impact the variance and other baseline elements, who will take the action, and a date by which the action is completed. These corrective action plans also address required interfaces with other organizations. Related performance indices are the SV percentage and SPI, which are defined below. An SPI of one or greater indicates that the project is on, or ahead of, schedule. SV% = (BCWP-BCWS)/BCWS*100 SPI = BCWP/BCWS 188.8.131.52 Cost Variance CV is defined as BCWP minus ACWP and is expressed in dollars and by cost element. CV = BCWP – ACWP If reporting thresholds are exceeded, the variance analysis must include the following: Net Variance. The variance value in dollars. Cause. Explain the specific variance causes. Each cost element is reviewed for potential contribution to the overall variance. Some of the causes of the variance may not be within the control of team leaders or functional managers, such as allocable costs. Contributors to a CV may include labor rate differences, manpower levels, attrition, or material price. Impact. The impact to the calculated EAC is identified by cost element. The cost performance index (CPI) may be used to statistically determine a revised EAC, but this result does not alleviate the requirement to perform an independent assessment of the remaining effort. Corrective action. Consider work-around or corrective action plans for achieving the approved budget. This may involve reallocating resources or developing another approach. The plan contains a detailed explanation of what corrective action is being or will be taken, how the action is expected to impact the CV, how the corrective action will be implemented, and when it will become effective. The CAM reviews and approves the corrective action plan. Related performance indices are the CV percentage and CPI, which are defined below. A CPI of one or greater indicates that the project is at or under budget. CV% = (BCWP-ACWP)/BCWP*100 CPI = BCWP/ACWP 5.2.3 PERIODIC REPORTS Contractor reporting requirements come from several DOE organizations, e.g., DOE/NNSA-HQ, EM, and EPD. The requirements share some common attributes and are listed below. NNSA Service Center EPD 31 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Earned value and completed metrics Cost and schedule variances Recovery plans for getting back on track Revised ETCs Identified cost and schedule efficiencies Newly identified risks and status of previously identified risks Log of internal and external baseline changes Contingency log (for those projects which include contingency in baseline) FPDs also require periodic status presentations from the contractors. Table 8 includes some of the general requirements and the vehicles for meeting these requirements. Owner Requirement Met through: BPR DOE M 413.3-1 Quarterly status DOE-HQ/OECM PARS presentations to DOE PARS entries via IPABS-IS IPABS DOE-HQ/EM EM Corporate IPABS-IS Performance Measures BPR PC Handbook (this FPD/EPD Quarterly status document) presentations to FPD/EPD Table 8. Reporting Requirements and How They are Met 22.214.171.124 IPABS-IS PEM The IPABS-IS PEM requires monthly updates. Check the IPABS-IS manual for the most current and complete information on the PEM's content, format, due dates, and completion instructions. The IPABS- IS users' manual is available at the IPABS-IS website, https://ipabs-is.em.doe.gov/ipabs/ under the report module link. The NNSA SC Administrator can arrange for an IPABS-IS login identification and password. As of March 2004, PEM monthly requirements include the following information collected at the PBS level: PARS field updates for BCWP and ACWP (See PARS requirement below) Corporate Performance Measures updates for PBSs with these metrics Milestones for all PBSs with HQ-level milestones Milestones status and variance narrative for HQ-level milestones Projected carryover and project unobligated funding at FY end DOE O 413.3-1 requires that projects with a TPC of $5 million or more provide a monthly project status using OECM's PARS. For EM funded projects, PARS data are entered into designated fields in IPABS- NNSA Service Center EPD 32 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook IS in order to avoid duplicate data entry. PARS data for EM is spread throughout the IPABS PEM. The purpose of PARS is delivering reliable, accurate, complete, and timely project status and analysis information to DOE senior managers and key program stakeholders. The FPD is responsible for this update requirement. The data must be entered electronically no later than 14 days following receipt of the contractor's monthly progress reports. Explain any missing data. Fields required for PARS validation should not be left blank. The information for each record consists of three types of data. 1. Profile data. This data are entered one time and is used for identifying the project, points of contact, and other identifying information. Nearly static data are found in the PEP and the project data sheet (if used). Enter this data in the General Information Tab of the PEM. 2. Event data. These data are associated with the project life cycle, such as decision data, milestone, budget, funding, and other information, and changes infrequently. 3. Status and performance data. This information is available monthly from the contractor's project control system (and other sources) and provides actual progress and overall project status. Enter this data in the Cost/Schedule, Performance Measures, and Milestones tabs of the PEM. 22.214.171.124 Baseline Performance Report (BPR) Contractors submit the quarterly BPR. It is the most comprehensive contractor required report. Instructions and report contents are listed in Appendix C, BPR Template. However, BPR format and contents should be approved by EPD prior to implementation. The report is submitted quarterly and is due to EPD no later than the 20th calendar day of the month following the end of the fiscal quarter. If the 20th falls on a Saturday or Sunday, it is due on the following Monday. 18.104.22.168 EM Corporate Performance Measures (Gold Chart) The EM Corporate Performance Measures are the performance measures selected by EM as part of their "Corporate Performance Measures" in the Congressional Budget Request for a particular year. Enter target values in the "Budget Formulation" module. These are not editable in IPABS-PEM. However, actuals are statused monthly via IPABS-PEM under the "Performance Measures" tab. The "Performance Measures" tab collects quantities of achieved performance measures for each project or PBS against the planned quantities. The FPD has overall responsibility for these updates. Examples of the types of metrics collected are cubic meters of transuranic waste shipped for disposal at WIPP and numbers of remediations completed. Information on updating performance measures can be found in Chapter 2 of the IPABS Users Manual. The IPABS report module produces a report of these performance measures, which has become known as the "Gold Chart". A portion of the Gold Chart from the IPABS-IS report module is displayed in Table 9 below. NNSA Service Center EPD 33 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Table 9. Gold Chart Excerpt (taken directly from IPABS-IS) NNSA Service Center EPD 34 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook 6.0 BASELINE MAINTENANCE This section describes baseline change control rules and processes, including baseline change descriptions, control thresholds, baseline change control boards (BCCBs), responsibilities, and contractor change control procedure requirements. Project baselines approved by DOE are managed using a rigorous change control system that reflects current and future changes. Baseline change proposals (BCPs) describe changes to the last approved baseline, reasons for changes, and major effects of the changes. All baseline documents must be maintained to support future baseline reviews. Contractors should also have a documented procedure for archiving obsolete documents. 6.1 Baseline Change Control Objectives Baseline changes are inevitable due to uncertainties in scope, funding, schedule, and costs. After baselines are approved, contractors must monitor performance regularly to determine if events require baseline adjustments and to identify, document, and communicate baselined work scope changes. Baseline change control objectives are: Provide EPD and contractors a consistent, formal decision-making process for defining, documenting, evaluating, approving, and incorporating baseline changes throughout project life cycles. Ensure that EM project baselines are accurately and promptly maintained without integrity loss. Identify changes as they occur so cost and schedule impacts can be evaluated early. Ensure communication between EPD, contractors, and contractor teams Ensure approved BCP procedures used for processing changes. 6.2 BCP Best Practices Apply the following rules when preparing BCPs: Do not make retroactive changes. Submit proposed changes to the FPD for endorsement 30 to 45 days before the change approval is required. Do not make changes eliminating cost and/or SVs. Variances must be continuously reported until the task is completed or re-planned through BCP submittal and approval. Do no implement changes without verification of sufficient funding availability. Do not implement changes without BCP approval. Do not propose multiple, smaller BCPs to remain under specified thresholds. BCPs should generally involve only baseline change, ensuring traceability for each subject. However, multiple changes may be submitted in one BCP if justification and cost and schedule impacts for each subject are included. Multiple changes in one BCP may be appropriate if: Escalation and burden rate changes affect all WBSs. Revised regulator requirements affect all cleanup levels. 6.3 Baseline Change Types Baseline changes are either DOE directed or contractor initiated. DOE Directed Change. Directed changes are imposed on projects by authority or command, with direction to implement. Authority may be in the form of congressional appropriations, HQ- approved funding changes, Program Secretarial Officer (PSO) direction, new or revised policy directives, regulatory or statutory requirements, or FPD. Contractors are required to prepare BCPs NNSA Service Center EPD 35 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook for FPD submittal defining the cost, schedule, and technical impacts. Directed changes are not used for correcting CVs or SVs. FPDs are usually notified of directed changes from HQ and are responsible for providing necessary written guidance for implementing changes to contractors. Contractor Initiated Change. Contractors initiate most changes based on schedule, budget, or technical work scope changes and determining breached control levels. Contractor initiated changes shall not be used as a means of correcting CVs or SVs. BCPs are categorized by urgency, as described below. Emergency change. A change needed for preventing life-threatening situations. Emergency changes are implemented immediately (or as soon as practicable) to prevent further life threatening or environmental safety and health issues. FPDs or designees must be informed of emergency conditions immediately. Normally, BCPs documenting cost, schedule, and technical baseline changes are issued after emergency changes are implemented. Priority change. A change correcting a potentially unsafe or hazardous condition, preventing possible injury to personnel or immediate damage to plant/equipment, enabling significant cost reductions, or avoiding significant cost increases based on an immediate decision. Priority changes also result from regulatory compliance orders or enforcement actions. Priority changes are usually implemented before initiating a formal BCP. FPD or designees must approve priority changes in advance. BCP documentation is processed when received. Routine changes. Changes required as part of project management. Routine changes can affect cost, schedule, or technical baseline elements. They may be required for reducing cost or schedule, including improved technology, or for other project enhancements. Routine changes are used for correcting document errors, adding clarifying notes, or substituting alternate baseline documentation that does not affect the baseline cost, schedule, or technical elements. 6.4 Baseline Change Control Process BCPs must be endorsed by each lower-level BCCB before consideration by the highest-level BCCB from which approval must be received. A BCP must be approved by the BCCB corresponding to thresholds at Levels 1 through 4. The four management control levels for projects are described in DOE M 413.3-1 and include: Level 1, Under Secretary/NNSA Administrator Level 2, Assistant Secretary (PSO)/Assistant Administrator Level 3, Federal Project Director Level 4, Contractor BCCB, contractor organization In general, baseline changes made by contractors, whether directed or project initiated, are reviewed and approved by DOE for Levels 1, 2, and 3. Contractors may make Level 4 changes without receiving DOE review and approval. Figure 10 indicates the baseline change approval process flow. NNSA Service Center EPD 36 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook EM-1 EM-1 ESAAB ESAAB CCB CCB (viaBCT) (via BCT) Total Project Level Y Y Subproject Level DOE M EM FPD FPD 413.3-1 CCB FPD FPD Approval Approval N Thresholds Thresholds N Approval Approval Breached? Breached? FPD FPD BCCB(Level 3) BCCB (Level 3) Y Contractor Contractor Level 3 prepares prepares Thresholds VARs & breached? VARs & N BPR BPR CCB=Configuration Control Board Contractor Contractor Level 4 BCCB=Baseline Change Control Board ESAAB=Energy System Acquisition BCCB BCCB Thresholds Advisory Board Y breached? N VARS=variance analyses (Level4) (Level 4) Figure 10. Baseline Change Control Hierarchy 6.4.1 CONTRACTOR BASELINE CHANGE PROCESS Contractors prepare and maintain baseline change control procedures in PCSDs or PEPs. Before implementation, FPDs must approve change processes, which at a minimum should include: FPD established Level 3 baseline change control thresholds. BCCB member designation and responsibilities. Procedures. Standard processing forms, including change control logs. Record-keeping system description. FPDs determine change control Level 3, triggering approval authority. Contractors establish thresholds for local (Level 4) change control. Contractor BCCBs approve all directed or project-initiated BCPs before submittal to the FPD BCPs are submitted to FPDs regardless of whether changes require FPD approval (Level 3 breaches) or EM-1 and NNSA Service Center EPD 37 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook ESAAB (levels 1 and 2 breaches) approval. Additional EM-1 and ESAAB requirements are described in sections 6.4.3 and 6.4.4. Contractors prepare BCPs in documents explaining change causes, impacts (cost, schedule, technical, regulatory), and before and after cost plans and Gantt charts. Generally, the elements listed in Appendix C, BCP Template, should be included. BCP supporting documentation must contain regulator concurrence if a regulatory milestone is impacted. All contractor change control activities must be communicated to FPDs through contractor change control logs submitted quarterly in the BPR. Contractors assign BCP numbers and include the title and cost, scope, and schedule impacts, and disposition (approved, not approved, pending, assigned action items). Yearly and total cost impacts also should be included. Under routine circumstances, contractors submit BCPs requesting baseline change approvals for changes breaching level 3 thresholds. Requests should be made as far in advance of the proposed start as possible, (30 to 45 days) to allow FPD review and processing time. Contractors incorporate approved BCP changes into project baselines before the end of the next accounting month and in the next monthly report or notify the FPD if unable to meet the monthly reporting deadline. 6.4.2 FEDERAL PROJECT DIRECTOR BASELINE CHANGE PROCESS FPD options for evaluating BCPs, all of which may involve program analyst assistance, include: Assembling a BCCB composed of technical and project control members for either a specific BCP or group of BCPs; the degree of formality is dependent upon the FPD. Personally reviewing the BCP. Requesting informal review by a few individuals. FPDs and EPD individuals reviewing BCPs use the BCP Review Checklist included in Appendix D for identifying missing or incomplete items. Contractors are required to provide additional information requested by FPDs in a timely fashion. FPDs provide contractors with written documentation of approval or disapproval. FPDs can issue contractors temporary authorization with a not-to-exceed funding limit, so that work can proceed before BCP approval. Emergency changes may be approved by telephone or fax, followed by contractor preparation and submittal of emergency BCP documentation before the next accounting month. 6.4.3 EM-1 BASELINE CHANGE PROCESS In September, FPDs indicate agreement with IPABS baseline information through IPABS-IS Gen 2 report signoff. Ongoing baseline changes are not immediately reflected in IPABS. EM requires contractor change control log usage for documenting changes between FPD approved Gen 2 reports. FPDs may delegate change control log reporting to EPD program analysts. PMAT requires the logs at least five working days before each quarterly review. The PMAT Team Leader forwards logs quarterly to EM, including all changes (even Level 4). Program analysts may use existing logs if all required BCP log template fields are included. NNSA Service Center EPD 38 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Changes breaching level 2 thresholds are documented through the IPABS Baseline Change Tool (BCT). The thresholds relate to EM's configuration control criteria, which are changes to: Performance Management Plan Cleanup end states/end points EM Corporate Performance Metrics (Gold Chart) Performance Measures/Performance Incentives Annual baseline cost Life-cycle cost PBS structure WIPP transportation baseline The IPABS Manual provides instructions for electronically documenting the baseline change, roles and responsibilities, and schedule information for using the BCT. 6.4.4 ESAAB BASELINE CHANGE PROCESS Level 1 breaches as described in the Manual are Technical Any change in scope and/or performance that affects mission need requirements or is not in conformance with current approved Project Data Sheet. Schedule 6 months or greater increase (cumulative) in the original project completion date. Cost Increase in excess of $25M or 25% (cumulative) of the original cost baseline. The Manual also mentions that Congress must be notified if the project change results in a 25 percent increase in the total project cost, the same cost threshold for which ESAAB requires approval authority. NNSA Service Center EPD 39 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Appendix A. Crosswalk - Project Controls Handbook to DOE M 413.3-1 DOE M 413.3-1 Project Control Handbook FOREWORD SECTION I: REQUIREMENTS 1. ACQUISITION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Section 2.14, Acquisition Plan or Procurement OVERVIEW 1-1 Plan 1.1 Introduction and Key Terms 1.2 Acquisition Management System 1.3 Program and Project Relationship 1.4 Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Evaluation Process 2. REQUIREMENTS 2.1 Introduction and Key Terms Appendix F, Glossary 2.2 Requirements and Authorities Section 1.1, Purpose 2.3 Risk Management Section 2.9 RMP; Section 3.4, Risk Management 2.4 Change Control 2.5 Performance Baseline Deviation 2.6 Tailoring 2.7 Other Requirements 3. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 3.1 Introduction and Key Terms 3.2 Key Roles and Responsibilities 3.3 Federal Project Directors and Contractor Project Managers 3.4 Integrated Project Teams Section 1.3, EM Projects Planning Framework 3.5 Energy Systems Acquisition Advisory Board SECTION II: GUIDANCE 4. INITIATION PHASE Section 1.3, EM Projects Planning Framework 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Strategic Planning 4.3 Present Performance Assessment 4.4 Performance Requirements Analysis 4.5 Alternatives To Capital Assets 4.6 Mission Need Statement 4.7 Tailoring 5. DEFINITION PHASE Section 1.3, EM Projects Planning Framework 5.1 Introduction and Key Terms 5.2 Conceptual Design 5.3 Risk Analysis 5.4 Acquisition Strategy 5.5 Estimating Costs 5.6 Project Execution Plan 6. EXECUTION PHASE Section 1.3, EM Projects Planning Framework 6.1 Introduction and Key Terms 6.2 Preliminary Design 6.3 Critical Decision-2, Approve Acquisition Performance Baseline 6.4 Final Design 6.5 Scheduling and Controlling 6.6 Configuration Management 6.7 Critical Decision-3, Approve Start of Construction 6.8 Execution or Implementation 7. TRANSITION/CLOSEOUT PHASE Section 1.3, EM Projects Planning Framework 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Transition and Turnover 7.3 Checkout, Testing, and Commissioning NNSA Service Center EPD 40 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook DOE M 413.3-1 Project Control Handbook 7.4 Knowledge Transfer 7.5 Documentation 7.6 Lessons Learned 7.7 Logistics 7.8 Readiness Reviews 7.9 Critical Decision-4, Approve Start of Operations or Project Closeout 7.10 Project Closeout 8. PROJECT BUDGET DEVELOPMENT 8.1 Introduction and Key Terms 8.2 Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Evaluation 8.3 Constructing a Defensible Budget Request 8-1 8.4 Appropriations 8.5 Application of Inflation to the Financial Forecast 8.6 Project Engineering and Design Funds 8.7 Key Documents 9. PROJECT REVIEWS Section 4.0, Baseline Review 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Project (Program) Management Reviews 9.3 Independent Reviews 9.4 Specific Types of Project Reviews 9.5 Technical Review 9.6 Operational Readiness Review Section 1.3.2, Performance Baseline/Performance 10. PERFORMANCE BASELINE Measurement Baseline 10.1 Introduction and Key Terms 10.2 Key Parameters Section 2.0, Baseline Documents 10.3 Performance Baseline Preparation Section 3.0 Baseline Development 10.4 Performance Baseline Deviation 11. CHANGE CONTROL 11.1 Introduction and Key Terms 11.2 Controlling Changes 12. EARNED VALUE MANAGEMENT Section 5.1, Earned Value Principles 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Management Need 12.3 Management Systems 12.4 Industry Standard 12.5 System Design and Development 12.6 Earned Value Management Implementation 12.7 Criteria Concept 12.8 Performance Measurement Baseline 13. INTEGRATED SAFETY, ENVIRONMENTAL, QUALITY Section 2.3, PEP ASSURANCE, AND SAFEGUARDS AND SECURITY 13.1 Safety 13.2 Environment 13.3 Quality Assurance 13.4 Source Documents 13.5 Safeguards and Security 14. RISK MANAGEMENT Section 3.4, Risk Management 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Characteristics of Effective Risk Management 14.3 Risk Management Process 14.4 Risk Identification, Assessment and Mitigation 14.5 Risk Management Plan 15. CONTRACTING AND CONTRACT MANAGEMENT 15.1 Introduction and Key Terms NNSA Service Center EPD 41 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook DOE M 413.3-1 Project Control Handbook 15.2 Fundamental Principles 15.3 U.S. Government Contract 15.4 Acquisition Planning Section 2.14, Acquisition Plan or Procurement Plan 15.5 Solicitation Planning 15.6 Evaluation and Selection 15.7 Contract Management and Administration 15.8 Contract Closeout 15.9 Performance-Based Contracting 15.10 Lessons Learned 16. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Design Build NNSA Service Center EPD 42 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Appendix B. TSD Instructions and Example This appendix presents annotated guidance for developing TSDs and an example TSD. TSDs include lifecycle task scope, schedule, costs, metrics, FTEs, assumptions, and risks. Sufficient detail is included enabling an independent but knowledgeable reviewer to assess its reasonableness relative to scope, schedule, and cost. The collection of project TSDs should encompass the project lifecycle scope, cost, and schedule. Annotated Guidance for TSD Format and Content The following items correspond to the TSD form and provide instructions for recording the correct information: WBS Number/Title: List the appropriate WBS or WBSs and title. Date Prepared/Updated: Present the date the TSD was prepared or last updated. Control Account Manager/Organization: Provide the control account manager's name and organization. FYXX Performance Measures: List the specific contractual performance measures for the current FY. (This field will need to be updated annually.) Planned Start/Completion: Indicate task starting and ending month and FY. Include both EM and non- EM portions, where appropriate. Cost Plan/FTEs: Provide a task life-cycle budget and FTE summary table, broken out separately for EM and non-EM. Break out overhead costs (costs required to "keep the lights on") as a percentage of the total costs. Cost Estimating Methodology: Identify the cost estimating methodologies used, such as expert opinion, parametric, specific analogy, bottom-up, cost review and update, and trend analysis. One or more estimating methodologies may be used. Scope of Work and Resource Assignments: This section consists of two subsections, "Site Status" and "Specific Work Elements." Site Status summarizes history so the reviewer can evaluate the proposed task relative to what preceded it. "Specific Work Elements" provide the work description, organizations involved, regulatory drivers, costs, and other pertinent information required for project understanding. Organize the scope by WBS to provide a tiered description of information. "Specific Work Elements" consist of an activity-based, step-by-step description of the tasks for the remaining work, emphasizing the current fiscal year. Enough detail is provided for enabling an independent, knowledgeable reviewer to grasp the scope of work and relate it to the estimated schedule and requested resources. The narrative identifies major accomplishments and required deliverables. Critical Milestones and Performance Measures: List the life-cycle critical milestones and performance measures. NNSA Service Center EPD 43 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Project Risks to Meeting Critical Milestones and Performance Measures: List the assumptions, exclusions, and any risks potentially impacting the task's scope, cost, and/or schedule. Detailed risk information is referenced back to the RMP. References: List technical, regulatory, and other documents providing additional detail for the reviewer. Related TSDs: Reference other TSDs potentially effecting scope, schedule, or cost, or otherwise aiding reviewer project understanding. Schedule (Gantt Chart): Include a Gantt chart of the TSD activities and milestones. NNSA Service Center EPD 44 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Example Task Scope Description TRU Waste Characterization and Certification WBS Number/Title: 220.127.116.11.1J.06.06.04.HJ Non-Destructive Assay Testing WBS Level 6 Reference: 18.104.22.168.1J.06 Waste Operations Date Prepared/Updated: April 6, 2001. Control Account Manager/Organization: Howard Granzow/PM-DS FY01 Performance Measures: Refer to TSD WBS Level 6 22.214.171.124.1J.06 Waste Operations. Planned Start/Completion: FY99/FY15 (EM), continuing for DP. Budget/FTEs: Refer to Tables 1 and 2 for a budget summary. Resource tables providing a detailed breakdown of costs and personnel are attached. Cost Estimating Methodology: Cost estimates were prepared based on professional expertise, historical data from previous years, and a bottoms-up activity-based approach. SCOPE OF WORK AND RESOURCE ASSIGNMENTS 22.214.171.124.1J.06.06.04.HJ Non-Destructive Assay Testing Site Status This TSD describes non-destructive assay (NDA) testing on legacy and newly generated TRU waste prior to WIPP shipment. The WIPP Waste Acceptance Criteria (WAC) requires that TRU waste generators identify and determine the mass of each isotope present in each container of waste shipped to the repository. LANL uses NDA methods to identify which isotopes are present and their masses through a non-invasive process (i.e.: the container is not penetrated or breached). Currently work is performed at the TA-54 Radioactive Non-Destructive Assay (RANT) facility. However, the NDA testing unit is a mobile unit. Once permits and procedures are in place the unit can be moved to TRU-waste retrieval or generation areas, such as Area G and TA-50. Onsite NDA will be more cost efficient and reduce waste transport between LANL technical areas, which sometimes requires road closures. As part of the assays and associated costs, the following activities are part of this TSD work scope: day- to-day technical management, data acquisition, drum handling, data evaluation, QA at the generation level, equipment inspection and maintenance, procedure writing, capital equipment acquisition, PDP participation, training, travel, expert consultation, emergency support, service contracts storage manifest retrieval, storage manifest review, database interface with operators, database updating and trend analysis. Specific Work Elements NDA Testing and Analysis: TRU waste drum packages are moved to the RANT facility for NDA. The identification of isotopes present in each container is necessary information for any of the NDA methods used to determine mass. Based on process knowledge, a list of suspected radionuclides, plus a standard fixed set of radionuclides is created for analysis. Every container must be analyzed using an isotopics analysis system, such as the Fixed Energy Response Function Analysis with Multiple Efficiencies NNSA Service Center EPD 45 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook (FRAM) system prior to additional assay on any of the mass determination NDA systems. The mass determination systems are the High Efficiency Neutron Counter (HENC), the Passive Active Neutron (PAN) system, and the Segmented/Tomographic Gamma Scanner (TGS). Due to species interference and other problems that might affect equipment accuracy, sometimes more than one equipment system is necessary to quantify the activity of each radionuclide in a drum. For each container, NDA measures the activity of each radionuclide to determine which isotopes are present and their respective masses based on the radioactive emissions of these materials. Certain isotopes during their decay process emit detectable levels of particles or radiation without any inducement and are appropriate for passive scanning procedures. Other isotopes only emit detectable levels when stimulated by the addition of neutrons during active scanning. Several NDA methods have been developed to address the range of isotopes that may be present in LANL TRU waste streams. The following is a description of the primary NDA-testing methods: FRAM System - The FRAM system records gamma spectral data using a germanium detector and computer controlled spectroscopy software as in traditional gamma spectroscopy, but analyzes these data using a specialized peak fitting routine for special nuclear material (FRAM software program) to determine which isotopes are present in a container. The FRAM is used as a screening tool to evaluate the isotopic composition of plutonium and the ratio of certain radionuclides relative to it, identify interfering isotopes that could affect the results of quantitative NDA instruments, and assist the operator to decide which assay system(s) to use to quantify the TRU waste in the container. The FRAM instrument counts radioactivity from the container for durations intended to meet acceptable statistical detection limits. The "loading" or quantity of TRU material present in a container affects the count time (i.e.: higher loading usually requires shorter count times). After FRAM analysis is complete the container is removed from the instrument and returned to local storage while the data are compiled, checked, and assessed. Activities are performed in parallel as much as possible to maximize throughput. HENC Operations - Following FRAM analysis, containers are analyzed using the HENC system. The HENC system is an advanced passive neutron counter that measures the transuranic nuclide mass and uses IAEA Neutron Coincidence Counting (INCC) software. It was developed under a cooperative research agreement between LANL and Canberra Industries, specifically for measuring plutonium in scrap and waste. The system conducts passive multiplicity assays corrected using the add-a-source technique. Historical results indicate that the HENC system successfully determines mass values for approximately 80% of the containers processed. Therefore, baseline planning schedules and estimates assume that containers will be analyzed using the HENC system and that 20% of those containers will require additional analyses with the PAN or the TGS systems. PAN Operations - The PAN assay system is a second-generation differential die-away neutron assay system. It uses a neutron generator to measure transuranic radionuclide content. It can be operated in the active mode for low-level measurements or the passive mode for higher-level measurements. Passive data are corrected for matrix effects using the data from a short active measurement completed on waste containers tested. TGS - The TGS assay technique combines high-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy with three- dimensional imaging to produce reliable quantification of special nuclear material. The technique corrects for inhomogeneities of the matrix and non-uniform distribution of special nuclear material within the container and is generally more accurate than non-imaging gamma-ray assay techniques. The current throughput capability of the NDA process is approximately 2,400 containers per year. Containers requiring NDA include existing containers in the legacy inventory and new containers resulting from repack activities. The typical team required to effectively handle the containers, calibrate NNSA Service Center EPD 46 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook instruments, conduct the analyses, compile, check, and assess data for the FRAM includes 3 technicians and 2.5 technical staff members (TSM - includes engineers, chemists, etc.). The typical team required to effectively handle the containers, calibrate instruments, conduct the analyses, compile, check, and assess data for the HENC, PAN, and TGS includes 4 technicians and 3.5 TSMs. The total number of full-time employees (FTEs) is 13, which includes 7 technicians and 6 TSMs to maintain the current NDA throughput capability. This FTE estimate includes funding both from EM and DP. Data Package Preparation and Review: Following NDA testing, data are reviewed and validated by data collectors under strict WAP QA/QC protocols. LANL is also implementing a computer automation process that will perform review activities for some data aspects. Once the data are validated, a data package is prepared that includes the raw data, review checklists, QA/QC analysis, and computer printout data. A hard copy and an electronic copy of each data package are ultimately sent to the records center. Critical Milestones and Performance Measures: Permits and procedures will be in place to mobilize the NDA unit as needed by FY02. NMED audit will be resolved in a timely manner to meet the 14-shipment performance measure for FY01. Project Risks to Meeting Critical Milestones and Performance Measures (see RMP): Permits will not be acquired by FY02 to allow the NDA unit to be mobilized as needed. NMED audit might not be resolved in a timely manner to meet the 14 shipment performance measure References: WIPP WAC RCRA Part B Permit - WAP Various DOE Orders Various LANL Procedures Related TSDs: 220.127.116.11.1J.06 Waste Operations NNSA Service Center EPD 47 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Table 1: EM ETC Cost Plan ($K) and FTE Plan for NDA Testing (WBS Level 9) Cost Category FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 Labor Material/Equip Subcontractor Total 1 RTBF (% of Total) FTEs2 Table 2: DP ETC Cost Plan ($K) and FTE Plan for NDA Testing (WBS Level 9) Cost Category FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 Labor Material/Equip Subcontractor Total 1 RTBF (% of Total) FTEs2 1 RTBF = Readiness in Technical Base and Facility 2 FTEs = Full-Time Equivalents (University of California (UC) Labor only) NNSA Service Center EPD 48 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Appendix C. Baseline Performance Report (BPR) Template 1. Signature Page: Review and signature sign-off signifying the report was reviewed. The contractor Project Control Manager, Contractor Project Manager, and FPD sign the report. Include dates with signatures. 2. Contents page. 3. Executive Summary: Summary of major quarterly accomplishments for the quarter and issues/concerns. Project Status: Provide ongoing operations and other activities related to future goals and capabilities. Examples include the following: Status of IPABS-IS budget milestones and EM Corporate Performance Measures Volumes and types of waste stored, treated, and disposed through the reporting period Status of specific waste management projects, such as "Drums removed from TWISP pads" and status of DVRS facility construction Numbers and types of sealed sources recovered from the licensed sector Development effort status of sealed source storage containers and subcontractor capabilities Issues, problems, or impediments affecting continued project operations, costs, and schedule and a highlight of those requiring DOE action Project level CV and SV for current period (quarter), year to date (YTD), and cumulative to date (CTD). 4. Cost Performance Report (CPR): Provide a report of current period (quarter), YTD, and CTD BCWS, BCWP, and ACWP, as well as, BAC and EAC at WBS Level 7 or at a level agreed to by the contractor project manager and FPD. Include subtotals and total. 5. Performance Charts: Provide graphs depicting CTD BCWS, BCWP, and ACWP for total project and also for each WBS Level 7 element, or at a level agreed to by the contractor project manager and the FPD. Provide performance indicator charts displaying CPI, SPI, and TCPI for total project and also for each WBS Level 7 element, or at a level agreed to by the contractor project manager and the FPD. 6. Narrative and Table of Variances: The narrative section addresses the current period (quarter), YTD, and CTD CVs and SVs, and at-completion variances (ACVs) exceeding established reporting thresholds at Level 7, or at a level agreed to by the contractor project manager and the FPD. Thoroughly discuss variance causes, impacts, and corrective actions. Describe variance changes from the previous quarter and the factors influencing the data. Explain negative and positive trends. 7. Total Float Analysis. Discuss total float usage, usage rate, and negative and positive trends. 8. Risk Status: Provide a status of previously identified project risks from the RMP, Also provide newly identified risks not previously included in the RMP. Include reasons for the anticipated risk, expected impact, and corrective actions currently planned or taken. NNSA Service Center EPD 49 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook 9. Cost Plan: Include historical BCWS through the previous FY, execution year BCWS by month, and annual BCWS for the outyears at WBS level 7, or at a level agreed to by the contractor project manager and the FPD. Historical data through and including the current reporting period, should match the project BCWS in IPABS-PEM. 10. Milestone Exception Report: Include the following milestones in this section: overdue, project overdue, or forecasted for completion within six months of report date. New or modified milestones from last report are highlighted. Identify milestones tracked in IPABS-IS such as budget and performance measure milestones. 11. Baseline Change Activity Log: Provide a table of internal and external submitted BCPs, indicating schedule and cost changes. Note: Data submitted in the BPR matches IPABS-IS unless exceptions are explained to and approved by the FPD. NNSA Service Center EPD 50 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Appendix D. Baseline Change Proposal Template Introduction The contractor uses the BCP template for describing level 3 proposed baseline changes to the FPD. The FPD, in turn, uses the completed BCP template when levels 1 and 2 thresholds are breached. Each BCP stands on its own and provides enough information for an independent third party to trace the changes and understand impacts. BCP content 1. Contractor Name: Enter the name of contractor submitting the BCP. 2. BCP Number: Enter a unique identifier for each BCP. The contractor assigns a sequential number that includes the current FY and up to a three-digit number. For example, the first BCP number in FY04 is "CONT-04-001." 3. Date Prepared: Enter the date the BCP is prepared. 4. Type: Enter the change type (directed or project initiated as defined in Chapter 6 of this handbook). 5. Processing Designation: Check the applicable box for "emergency, routine, or priority change" as defined in Chapter 6 of this handbook. 6. Originator: Enter the name, phone and fax numbers, and organization of the person to whom the FPD can address questions or status reports. This originator understands the issues and impacts and is responsible for expeditiously coordinating responses. 7. Description: WBS #. Subproject Title - Enter the applicable WBS and subproject title. Change To. Indicate affected areas (i.e., technical, schedule, and/or cost). General Description. Enter a brief explanation, referencing the impacted PBS(s)/Summary Deliverable(s). Appendices are included for enhancing the reviewer's understanding. 8. Change Justification: Describe the reasons for the change. In some cases, regulatory requirements cause scope changes. Evidence of regulatory concurrence is included in supporting BCP documentation if a regulatory milestone changes. 9. Impact Assessment: Describe the significant technical, cost, and schedule impacts. The following describes required BCP appendices and/or reference information, depending on the change type: Technical Change. Any information for further defining or determining the technical merits of the change. Cost Change. a. The total cost change impact as well as the before and after BCWS time phasing. b. Total contingency and before and after contingency time phasing. Schedule Change. Impacts and before and after conditions of regulatory milestones, subproject or project end date, deliverables, budget milestones, and performance measures. 10. Assessment of Alternatives: a. Describe and analyze all reasonable BCP alternatives for informed BCP decisions. b. Describe impacts if the BCP is not approved. NNSA Service Center EPD 51 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook 11. List of Appendices or References: List all documents, reports, and plans used for preparing the BCP and those attached as supporting BCP documentation. Include notes and footnotes if appendices are not self-explanatory. 12. Submitted By: Include the contractor representative, generally the project manager, typed name, signature, and signature dates. NNSA Service Center EPD 52 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Appendix E. BCP Review Checklist CONTRACTOR/PROGRAM OR PROJECT: _______________________ BCP NUMBER: ______________ The following are potential review items. Negative or conditional responses will not be accepted. The reviewer must resolve all concerns or questions and initial each potential review item when accepted. ADMINISTRATOR: ____1. The BCP Proposal form is completed properly and signed. ____2. The "before" and "after the change" cost plans, or BCWS profiles of the baseline, are included. ____3. The "before" and "after the change" logic schedules or Gantt charts are included, as well as the Master Logic Schedule (MLS). ____4. The "before" and "after" change performance measures. ____5. A crosswalk is included. ____6. The contingency log is included indicating "before" and "after the change" effects. ____7. The cost estimating back-up material is included. ____8. Additional comments are attached. (Contact Record) ____9. Documented assumptions are provided. ____10. Contingency analysis is included. FEDERAL PROJECT DIRECTOR: ____1. BCP justification is adequate including regulatory agreement, if applicable. ____2. The change in scope of work is properly prioritized. ____3. Changes affecting installation priority list are noted. ____4. The schedules and resources applied are reasonable. ____5. It appears that the installation has considered all aspects. ____6. All change related contractual aspects have been met. ____7. All programmatic issues have been reviewed and addressed in the BCP. ____8. Additional comments are attached. (Contact Record or notes) TECHNICAL SUBJECT MATTER EXPERT: ____1. The technical write-up provides adequate justification for the technical change ____2. Risks for not making the change as well as risks with the change are adequately explained. ____3. Impacts to other baseline scope are described and understood. ____4. The technical write-up or BCP appendix provides concurrence from the regulator for regulatory changes... PROJECT CONTROL OFFICER: ____1. The Current (before change) cost plan is in agreement with the most recent monthly report. ____2. The justification for the scope change included on the BCP is adequate. ____3. All charges, including error corrections, are made to the current reporting period; no retroactive changes are made. ____4. MSPs or Gantt charts properly depict "before" and "after" change conditions, including the MSP. ____5. The BCWS crosswalk, ("before" and "after" change) is correct. ____6. The contingency log clearly reflects the BCP changes. ____7. Additional comments are attached. (Contact Record) COST ESTIMATOR: ____1. The program's collection of task scope descriptions presents the complete baseline through closure. NNSA Service Center EPD 53 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook ____2. An estimate summary is provided and appears to include the entire baseline scope requirements. ____3. BCP cost changes relate to the new scope of work. ____4. Additional comments are attached (Contact Record). ____5. Individual scope descriptions are complete and include assumptions as necessary. ____6. Task scope descriptions effected by a BCP have been amended and are included. BUDGET ANALYST ____1. Adequate funds are available for supporting base cost BCP increase. ____2. Sufficient contingency funds are available for funding the BCP. ____3. The contractor has furnished the most current Approved Funding Program (AFP) data. ____4. Assumptions regarding uncosted carryover are documented. ____5. Additional comments are attached. (Contact Record) NNSA Service Center EPD 54 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Appendix F. Glossary Activity-based cost (ABC) estimating. ABC is a cost-estimating technique based on defining processes and activities. Each activity is defined in terms of a unit of measure; quantities and unit costs of labor- hours, materials, equipment, and subcontracted services; and burdened value(s). Actual cost of work performed (ACWP). ACWP includes actual costs plus accrued costs. The contractor records ACWP at the deliverable level or lower for accumulative expenditures in the reporting period. Annual. Annual refers to scope, schedule, and cost changes affecting any single fiscal year. Baseline. The quantitative expression of the project scope, schedule, and cost against which the status of resources and progress can be measured. The field maintains the project baseline as a collection of documents, including resource loaded schedule networks, cost estimates, and documented assumptions. The baseline is the key component of the PCS because it documents the program plan for performing the work and provides the information required by DOE business practices for evaluating resources and program performance. For planning purposes, project baselines should reflect full regulatory compliance and should be based on reasonable out-year funding assumptions. The degree of baseline detail should be consistent with the project phase and should adopt the "rolling wave" approach, such as greatest level of detail for near-term (FY plus 2 years) activities. The baseline is often referred to as the performance measurement baseline (PMB). Baseline Change Control Board (BCCB). BCCBs are the site office and contractor level baseline change control boards. These boards report up to EM's CCB. Baseline change proposal (BCP). The contractor normally generates the BCP for documenting baseline changes. It should provide a complete description of a proposed change and its resulting baseline impacts. The BCP serves as an audit tool for baseline changes. The BCP must be submitted in accordance with the baseline change control guidelines contained in the change control section of this document. Budget-at-completion (BAC). BAC is equal to the sum of all BCWS or resource allocated activities. BAC does not change unless the budget is changed through the baseline change control process. Budgeted cost of work performed (BCWP). BCWP is the value of work performed or accomplished relative to the total budgeted value (BCWS) of a task. Both this value and the budgeted value can be expressed in terms of any relevant units (dollars, man-hours, gallons, tons, etc.). BCWP is a field on the CPR. Budgeted cost of work scheduled (BCWS). BCWS is the baselined dollars corresponding to scheduled work within a given time period. The sum of all BCWS equals the BAC. Although the BCWS plan and the cost plan are not technically identical, EPD and its contractors use these terms synonymously. Budget milestone. Budget milestones are commitments for performing work and meeting specified performance objectives in return for a given amount of funding. They establish accountability for achieving results. The contractors and FPD jointly develop one or more budget milestones per PBS for the execution year and are entered into the IPABS-IS. The Assistant Secretary for EM tracks execution year budget milestones from a roll up of the installations and field. These commitments consist of high visibility project milestones, site critical path milestones, and other major milestones. Budget milestones are statused in the IPABS PEM and BPR. NNSA Service Center EPD 55 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Change control. A documented process applying technical and management review and approval of changes to technical, schedule, and cost baselines. Contractor. The term contractor as used in this document refers to management and operation (M&O) contractor unless otherwise stated. Synonymous with contractor and M&O contractor is site contractor. Configuration Control Board (CCB). The CCB is the EM-1 baseline change control board to which all lower level (site office and contractor) BCCBs are submitted. It is a multi-discipline functional body of representatives designated and chartered by DOE EM for ensuring the proper definition, coordination, evaluation, and disposition of baseline changes. The CCB oversees the EM configuration control process and is comprised of three individuals (two board members and one chairperson) who are appointed to the board by EM-1 for a one-year term. The CCB is supported by an appointed Secretary, who prepares formal Board meeting minutes for communicating Board deliberations, Board assigned actions, Board decisions, and Board policy changes. Corporate Performance Measures. EM Corporate Performance Measures are included in IPABS-IS and statused monthly. They support budget justification and allow DOE to measure contractor progress. Corporate Performance Measures are subject to change control in IPABS. The reporting module of IPABS-IS produces a report of these performance measures and is referred to as the "Gold Chart". Cost Performance Index (CPI). A measure of cost performance based on the ratio of earned value (BCWP) to actual costs incurred (ACWP). CPI = BCWP/ACWP A CPI of 1.0 indicates perfect performance, greater than 1.0 indicates exceptional performance, and less than 1.0 indicates poor performance. Cost Performance Report (CPR). The CPR provides the data for variance analysis and corrective action planning because it displays BCWS, BCWP, ACWP, SVs, CVs, EAC, BAC, and VAC by a WBS level agreed to by the FPD. The CPR is submitted in the BPR. Cost plan. The cost plan includes historical BCWS through the previous FY, baselined (BCWS) dollars by month for the execution year, and baselined (BCWS) dollars by year for the outyears at an agreed upon WBS level, generally level 6 or 7. The sum of historical data through and including the current month data, should match the project's BCWS in IPABS-PEM. The cost plan defines the activities in monthly increments for the current FY, thus providing time-phased data upon which performance can be measured and reported to EPD. Although the cost plan and the BCWS plan are not technically identical, the EPD and its contractors use these terms synonymously. Cost variance (CV). The CV is the dollar difference between the work performed (BCWP) and actual cost (ACWP) and is displayed in the CPR at an agreed upon WBS level. CV = BCWP – ACWP Cost variance percent (CV%). The CV percent is the percentage that a task is over- or under-spent. CV percentages greater than zero indicate the task or project is under spent, and CV percentages less than zero indicate the task or project is over spent. CV percentages may be displayed in the CPR at an agreed upon WBS level. CV% = (BCWP – ACWP)/BCWP * 100 NNSA Service Center EPD 56 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Critical Decision (CD). A formal determination made by the AE, at a specific point in a project that allows the project to proceed. CDs occur during the course of a project. Example CDs are prior to commencement of pre-conceptual design, commencement of execution, and turnover. Cumulative-to-date (CTD). Cumulative to date includes collected data from the inception of the project through the current reporting period. Environmental Restoration Division (ERD). The EPD division that oversees planning, budgeting, execution, and reporting and evaluation activities for ER projects at the sites listed in this Handbook's preface. It also provides input to decision making concerning dispositioning properties and facilities that do not support DOE's evolving missions (excess facilities), and assists communities in planning the future use of DOE site that are to be transitioned back to local ownership (land transfers). Estimate at completion (EAC). EAC is synonymous with latest revised estimate (LRE). It is the total cumulative costs to date (ACWP) plus the estimated cost of remaining work (ETC). EACs change as project costs are tracked and estimates are updated. EAC indicates the most likely final cost of the project. Estimate to complete (ETC). The current, best-estimated costs for completing remaining project work. ETCs are adjusted to reflect current information, such as expected performance, pending rate changes, and escalation. One method for computing ETC is: ETC = BAC/CPI Federal Project Director (FPD). As defined in DOE M 413.3-1, the FPD resides at either the field or HQ and serves as the single point of contact between Federal and contractor staff for matters relating to the project and its execution. The Program Secretarial Officer may delegate certain authorities and responsibilities to the FPD. Fiscal year (FY). The U.S. government FY begins on October 1 and ends on the following September 30 of every year. Gold Chart. The Gold Chart is the IPABS-IS report containing EM Corporate Performance Measures. These performance measures are statused monthly in IPABS-IS Project Execution Module. These performance measures are reported to the Assistant Secretary of Environmental Management and are subject to baseline change control. Independent cost estimate. A "bottoms-up" documented, independent cost estimate for the express purpose of serving as an analytical tool for validating, cross checking, or analyzing cost estimates developed by the FPD. Integrated Planning, Accountability, and Budgeting System (IPABS). The objective of IPABS is to establish a single integrated EM corporate database to support budget, performance, technical analyses, and inquiries for eliminating redundant requirements and reporting systems and providing a single source for data management. IPABS-IS should correlate to baselines. The IPABS-IS is IPABS user interface for data input and reporting. Life cycle. Project inception through project completion. Management Analysis Reporting System (MARS). The DOE software system used for tracking and reporting actual costs on a monthly basis. NNSA Service Center EPD 57 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Management and operating (M&O). "Management and operating contract" means an agreement under which the Government contracts for the operation, maintenance, or support, on its behalf, of a Government-owned or -controlled research, development, special production, or testing establishment wholly or principally devoted to one or more major programs of the contracting Federal agency (Federal Acquisition Regulations System Section 17.601). Milestone. A milestone is an important or critical event with no duration required for achieving project objective(s). Milestones are comprised of a noun; modifiers; active, results-oriented verb; and a date. Milestones can signify activity starts and completions. NNSA Service Center (NNSA SC). The NNSA Service Center includes the NNSA and EM personnel and facilities. In reference to this handbook, NNSA Service Center personnel, specifically EPD, support the FPD in providing oversight to DOE's interests at designated national laboratories, production plants, environmental management sites, and the contractors who manage and operate these sites for DOE. Office of Engineering and Construction Management (OECM). The OECM is a DOE HQ organization within the Office of the Chief Financial Officer. It serves as DOE's principal point of contact relating to program and project management and develops policy and assists in the planning, programming, budgeting, and execution process for the acquisition of capital assets in coordination with the PSOs and project management support offices. Office of Environmental Management (EM). DOE created this organization in 1989 to mitigate the risks and hazards posed by the legacy of nuclear weapons production and research. Included are an unprecedented amount of contaminated waste, water, and soil, and a vast number of contaminated structures that will remain radioactive for thousands of years. EM is composed of the Offices of ER and Waste Management. Office of Environmental Programs Department (EPD). The NNSA SC department responsible for supporting FPD oversight of waste management and environmental restoration work at DOE EM projects at plants and laboratories. Office of Management and Budget (OMB). OMB is housed within the Executive Office of the President and provides the most objective analysis possible for the President. It has the lead role within the Executive Branch for maintaining Federal fiscal discipline, allocating scarce resources, and promoting program efficiency. OMB provides leadership and assistance in financial management, procurement, information collection and dissemination, and other government-wide management functions. These responsibilities are carried out working cooperatively with the Congress and congressional agencies such as the Congressional Budget Office and the General Accounting Office. The OMB assists the President by (1) reviewing agency proposals and programs on a variety of topics from budgets to regulations; (2) assuring that these proposals and programs are consistent with relevant statutes and Presidential objectives; (3) providing analysis and advice on a variety of subjects; and (4) developing government- wide policies for the effective and efficient operations of the Executive Branch. Organizational Breakdown Structure (OBS). The project's functional organization. Control accounts are identified at a natural intersection point of the WBS and OBS. Performance Measurement Baseline (PMB). The time-phased budget (BCWS) plan plus any undistributed budget against which project performance is measured. Priority list. A prioritized list of discrete execution year work scope and associated budget used for determining funding cut and funding addition impacts. NNSA Service Center EPD 58 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Program Management and Analysis Team (PMAT). PMAT is the organization within EPD that oversees EPD business practices. It interprets EM guidance for EPD divisions; provides information on project control, project management, and DOE orders; and ensures policies and procedures are followed, especially those connected with EM corporate database quality (IPABS-IS) and PBS consistency. PMAT also helps develop policies and procedures for supporting various study and working groups, develops funding strategies in concert with the BRMD, and prepares reports for the EPD Manager. Project. A unique effort that supports a program mission, having defined start and end points, undertaken to create a product, facility, or system, and containing interdependent activities planned to meet a common objective or mission. Project types include planning and execution of construction, renovation, modification, line items for maintenance and repair, environmental restoration, deactivation and decommissioning efforts, information technology, and large capital equipment or technology development activities. Tasks such as basic research, grants, ordinary repairs, maintenance of facilities, and operations are not considered projects. For simplicity, this document uses "projects" when referring to both programs and projects. Project Assessment and Reporting System (PARS). The OECM developed web-based database for collecting and reporting projects' scope, schedule, and cost across the complex. EM responds to PARS data requests by updating designated PARS fields within EM's IPABS-IS. Project Baseline Summary (PBS). The PBS is the main source of summary EM project information needed to support planning, budgeting, execution, and reporting/evaluation. IPABS-IS collects data by PBS, and EM funds projects by PBS. The majority of ERD and WMD projects have one PBS. PBSs are the common denominator for the planning, budgeting, execution, and reporting/evaluation functions. Project risk. A factor, element, constraint, or course of action on a project that introduces an uncertainty of outcome and the possibility of technical deficiencies, inadequate performance, schedule delays, or cost overruns that could impact a mission. In the evaluation of project risk, the potential negative or positive impacts and the probability of occurrence must be considered. Schedule performance index (SPI). The ratio of the value of work accomplished (BCWP) to what was planned (BCWS) in the specified time period. SPI = BCWP/BCWS A SPI of 1.0 indicates perfect performance, greater than 1.0 indicates exceptional performance, and less than 1.0 indicates poor performance. Schedule variance (SV). The SV provides the dollar difference between the work performed (BCWP) and the work scheduled (BCWS) and is included in the CPR. SV = BCWP – BCWS Schedule variance percentage (SV%). The SV percent provides the arithmetic difference, expressed as a percentage, between work performed (BCWP) and work scheduled (BCWS). It is a measure of the percentage that a task is ahead or behind schedule. SV percentages greater than zero indicate the task or project is ahead of schedule and less than zero indicates the task or project is behind schedule. SV percentages may be included in the CPR. SV% = (BCWP - BCWS)/BCWS * 100 To-complete performance index (TCPI). The TPCI is the ratio of the value of the work remaining to be accomplished to the budget remaining to be spent to finish the activity. TCPI = (BAC – BCWP cumulative)/(BAC – ACWP Cum.) NNSA Service Center EPD 59 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook If the ratio is greater than the cumulative CPI, the TCPI indicates that future efforts must be more efficient than has been experienced to date so as not to exceed the BAC. If the ratio is less than the cumulative CPI, the TCPI indicates that the balance of the effort could be accomplished at less than the BAC provided that the balance of the activity is performed at the same efficiency factor experienced to date. Total float. The amount of time an activity can be delayed from its early start or finish dates before it impacts the project end date. Total project cost (TPC). The sum of all costs identified for a project. TPC and TEC are equivalent for WM and ER projects. TPC = actuals to date + ETC + contingency (for ER projects) Variance-at-completion (VAC). The VAC is the difference between the budget at completion (BAC) and the estimate at completion (EAC). Waste Management Division (WMD). The EPD Division responsible for oversight of waste management projects and programs at the laboratories and production plants included in this handbook's preface. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS). The WBS is a product-oriented family tree subdivision of the work required to produce the end product. The WBS is structured in accordance with the way work will be performed and reflects the way in which project costs and data will be summarized and eventually reported. Year-to-date (YTD). Year to date includes collected data from the inception of the current, or execution, year through the current reporting period. It is for the execution year only; it does not include any data prior to or beyond the execution year. It is used when referencing ACWP, BCWP, and BCWS in CPRs. NNSA Service Center EPD 60 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook Appendix G. References and Recommended Reading References DOE, 2003, DOE M 413.3-1, Program and Project Management Manual, March 2003. DOE, 2000, Project Management Practices, Draft. October. http://oecm.energy.gov/policies_guides/practices.pdf DOE, 2000, DOE O 413.3, Program and Project Management for the Acquisition of Capital Assets, October 13, 2000. NNSA SC, EPD, Cost Estimating Handbook, (TBD) NNSA SC, EPD, Baseline Review Handbook, April 2004 NNSA SC, EPD, Decontamination and Decommissioning Handbook, September 14, 2001 NNSA SC, EPD, Long-Term Environmental Stewardship Handbook, 2003 NNSA SC, EPD, Project Oversight Handbook, (TBD) NNSA SC, EPD, Value Engineering Handbook, (TBD) Recommended Reading ANSI/EIA-748, Earned Value Management System, August 28, 2002 DOE, Jess Hill Roberson (EM-1), Environmental Management Federal Baseline Development Policy, October 27, 2003 DOE G 430.1-1, Cost Estimating Guide, March 28, 1997 DOE O 412.1, Work Authorization System, April 20, 1999 DOE O 430.1, Life Cycle Asset Management (LCAM), August 24, 1995 DOE P 141.2, Public Participation and Community Relations, May 2, 2003 DOE P 413.1, Program and Project Management Policy for the Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Acquisition of Capital Assets, June 10, 2000 DOE P 450.4, Safety Management System Policy, October 15, 1996 DOE P 455.1, Use of Risk-Based End States Policy, July 17, 2003 DOE, FM-50, DOE Cost Estimating Guide, Volume VI, Cost Guide, November, 1994 DOE, IPABS-IS Data Requirements, December 18, 1998, http://www.em.doe.gov/ipabs/ DOE, IPABS-IS Guidance, December 1999 – present, http://www.em.doe.gov/ipabs/ DOE, IPABS Handbook, February 16, 1999. http://www.em.doe.gov/ipabs/ NNSA Service Center EPD 61 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc Project Control Handbook DOE, Office of Environmental Management, DOE EM-15 Environmental Management FY 1996 Performance Plan, June 1996 DOE, Office of Field Management, Life Cycle Asset Management Good Practices Guides, March 1996. Risk Analysis and Management, GPG-FM-007 Project Execution and Engineering Management Planning, GPG-FM-010 Performance Analysis and Reporting, GPG-FM-006 Performance Measures, GPG-FM-020 Interface Management, GPG-FM-013 Engineering Tradeoff Studies, GPG-FM-003 Baseline Change Control, GPG-FM-009 Configuration and Data Management, GPG-FM-012 Critical Decision Criteria, GPG-FM-002 Work Scope Planning, GPG-FM-008 DOE, Office of Project Management, EM-6, Office of Environmental Management Project Definition Rating Index (EM PDRI) Manual, Revision 0, March 6, 2000 DOE, Office of Training and Human Resource Development, Project Risk Analysis and Management, course number PMCE02 DOE, Office of Waste Management (EM-30) Standard Operating Practice and Procedure (SOPP), 2.2.2, Managing Baseline Change Control, 1992 DOE, Office of Waste Management (EM-30), Management Policies and Requirements (MPR), 1992. DOE, Waste Management Division, Performance Measurement Processes, June 2001 DOE/MA-0040, Cost and Schedule Control Systems Criteria for Contract Performance Measurement, Work Breakdown Structure Guide, October 1981 Executive Order 13148, Greening the Government through Leadership in Environmental Management National Research Council, 1999. Improving Project Management in the Department of Energy, National Academy Press OMB Bulletin 95-03, Planning and Budgeting for the Acquisition of Fixed Assets, June 1995 OMB Circular A-109, Major Systems Acquisition, April 1979 U.S. Congress, H.R. 826, Government Performance and Result Act, February 1993 U.S. Office of the Inspector General, Audit Report-Best Practices for Environmental Management Baseline Development, DOE/IG-0476, July 2000 NNSA Service Center EPD 62 d721b186-560e-4968-b950- 010f3fb35d33.doc
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