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Compact 4 Port USB Expansion Hub for Panasonic, Canon, Nikon Digital Point & Shoot Cameras - DS-USB-HUB4+AGBAG
Learn more about Compact 4 Port USB Expansion Hub for Panasonic, Canon, Nikon Digital Point & Shoot Cameras:
|Because you always need more USB ports! Compact, Portable Design . Take this USB Hub with you anywhere you go! Conveniently designed with an integrated wrap around cable, allowing you to neatly tuck away your USB Hub for storage when not in use. Want to be able to use your USB Hub anytime? No problem! The compact and lightweight design provides you with the ability to fit the USB Hub inside your pocket, laptop case, carry on with ease so you can access it whenever you need it! Expands Your USB Ports . The 4 USB Port Hub allows you to connect up to four of your favorite USB devices through one single port. Enjoy the ability to simultaneously transfer files from your card reader, flash drive, camera or mp3 player. Use to connect keyboards, mice, lights, fans, printers, scanners, dongles and more! Easy USB Connection Plug & Play connection allows you to use your USB Hub in no time! Simply connect the hub to your computer without softweare or drivers and your ready to go! No external power adapters are required in order for you to use your USB Hub, just plug the hub directly into any available USB outlet. Additionally, with a 2.0 connection the USB Hub works quickly and efficiently. Also compatible with older 1.1 devices. Specifications: Current: Up to 500mA current Transfer Rate: 12Mb/sec Installation:Plug & play . Compatible with: Canon PowerShot A3000IS/ A1200/ A1300/ A2300/ A2400IS/ A3400IS/ A4000I/ A495/ A490/ A810/ S95/ D10/ D20/ELPH 500 HS, 300 HS, 320 HS, 530 HS, 100 HS/ G12/ G1X/ H90/SD4500IS/ SD1400IS/ SD1300IS/ SX210IS/ SX240HS/ SX260HS/ SX130IS/ SX30IS/ A3300/ SX230HS . Nikon Coolpix AW100/ L120/ L810/ L26/ L24/ L22/ P7000/ P310/ P500/ P510/ P300/ S30/ S4300/ S100/ S80/ S6300/ S9300/ S9100/ S8100/ S6100/ S4100/ S3100/ S3300 . Panasonic Lumix DMC LX5, FH5, FH25, FH20, FP3, FZ40, GF5, ZS20, ZS15, TS4, TS20, TS3, ZS10, ZS8, ZS20 ** Includes Accessory Bag **
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NKorea calls for end of hostile relations with US
SEOUL, South Korea North Korea called for an end of hostile relations with the United States in a New Year's message and said it was committed to making the Korean peninsula nuclear-free through negotiations.
At the same time, a Tokyo-based pro-North Korean newspaper indicated that the leaders of North and South Korea could hold a summit this year, citing Pyongyang's strong commitment to improve relations with Seoul.
Communist North Korea has long demanded that Washington end hostility toward its government, and said it developed nuclear weapons to deter a U.S. attack. Washington has repeatedly said it has no intention of invading the country.
The New Year statement brightened prospects for North Korea to rejoin stalled international talks on ending its nuclear weapons programs in exchange for aid and other concessions. Washington has sought to coax it to return to the talks, which also include South Korea, China, Russia and Japan.
The North has often said it wants to replace a cease-fire that ended the 1950-53 Korean War with a peace treaty and forge diplomatic relations with the U.S. as a way to win security guarantees - demands Washington says should be linked to North Korea's verifiable denuclearization.
"The fundamental task for ensuring peace and stability on the Korean peninsula and in the rest of Asia is to put an end to the hostile relationship" between North Korea and the U.S., the North said Friday in the New Year statement carried by the official Korean Central News Agency, state radio and television.
North Korea's traditional New Year's Day statements are examined for clues to its policies. This year's statement said it is committed to establishing "a lasting peace system on the Korean peninsula and make it nuclear-free through dialogue and negotiations."
The U.S. and North Korea agreed on the need to resume the nuclear negotiations during a trip by President Barack Obama's special envoy to Pyongyang in December, but North Korea did not make a firm commitment on when it would rejoin the talks.
Last year, North Korea quit the disarmament talks and conducted a nuclear test, drawing widespread condemnation and tighter U.N. sanctions.
Cheong Seong-chang, a senior analyst at the private Sejong Institute security think tank, said North Korea is likely to maintain its conciliatory approach toward the U.S.
"The North extended an olive branch to the U.S.," Cheong said, adding that he expects the two sides will agree to set up a liaison office as a symbolic move to end their hostilities.
But Andrei Lankov, a North Korea expert at Kookmin University in Seoul, said despite North Korea's willingness to talk with the U.S., it is unlikely to surrender its nuclear program or make any other important concessions.
The North Korean statement said it remains committed to improving relations with South Korea, and urged the South to refrain from actions that might aggravate tensions.
"Unshakable is our stand that we will improve the north-south relations," said the statement.
The Tokyo-based Choson Sinbo newspaper, considered a mouthpiece for North Korea's government, suggested in a report late Friday the possibility of an inter-Korean summit this year.


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ARLINGTON High school football is, by its very nature, one rough sport. But in Arlington, it may be a bit rougher than players expected.
'I got up, didn't feel it at first,' said 15-year-old defensive end Vicente McGeath, recalling a recent injury. 'Then I walked away, looked down at my leg, and it was bleeding.I was like, 'Oh, that's a problem.''
The problem is the turf on his home field at Lamar High School. His mother, Phyllis McGeath, is not pleased.
'The field is not at the quality it's supposed to be,' she said. 'It's coming up; it's falling apart.'
'It's loose,' Vicente added. 'Almost like gravel.'
He described teammates suffering 'turf burn' on a regular basis, and being unable to grip cleats into the playing surface.
The turf isn't just painful; it's now also at the center of a $1 million lawsuit filed by Arlington the Independent School District against FieldTurf USA, Inc. and FieldTurf Tarkett USA Holdings, Inc.
In 2007, the district spent nearly $1.7 million leveling fields and installing turf at Lamar High School and Sam Houston High School. The lawsuit alleges that as early as November 2010, the turf proved to be 'defective,' and even though FieldTurf allegedly admitted there was a problem, they never made repairs.
The turf is still under warranty, so now the district is going to court.
The district wouldn't let News 8 on the fields to inspect conditions, but people using it on Monday including Lamar alum Beth Noulson noticed a problem.
'From what I can tell, there's a dip in the field,' said the former marching band member.
According to district spokeswoman Leslie Johnston, games this year at both fields will go on as scheduled. But mom Phyllis McGeath worries litigation may prolong a fix.
'With all the news right now in the NFL, about concussions and keeping the children safe, you would just think that would be the priority,' she said.
Arlington ISD could not comment about anything including safety concerns because of the litigation. We attempted three times to contact FieldTurf for comment, but no one ever got back to us.
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Developer Richard Conley is planning to purchase the building that formerly housed Drew's Variety & Craft.
Conley, owner of Brookfield-based Metropolitan Development, has an accepted offer to purchase the site, 7505 Harwood Ave. It offers 9,000 square feet of retail space with five one-bedroom apartments above.
Now he's checking out the structural integrity and utilities and trying to determine how he will use the building.
"I'm mapping out scenarios," he said. "We'd been looking into it and we're not quite sure what to do with it."
Retail, office and residential are all possibilities, all of which would require significant interior and exterior renovations, Conley said.
Much will hinge on whether Harwood Avenue was opened to two-way traffic, an issue Village Business Improvement District representatives have been discussing with city officials. He said it would increase vehicle traffic and reduce foot traffic to businesses on Harwood.
"I clearly wouldn't want to buy the building if this progresses," Conley said.
Conley is no stranger to Wauwatosa development. He owns several buildings, including Lefeber Point, where Noodles & Co. is located, within the Village.
He said frequent drives past to the Drew's building led him to pursue ownership.
"I know what it could be, I saw what its potential is," he said.
The building has been vacant since January 2008.
He did not have an expected date to finalize the sale.
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MLB Game Summary - Philadelphia at Houston
(Sunday, March 10th)
Final Score: Philadelphia 7, Houston 1
Kissimmee, FL (Sports Network) - Eric Kratz and Freddy Galvis knocked in two runs apiece to lead the Philadelphia Phillies to a 7-1 win over the Houston Astros on Sunday.
Laynce Nix added two hits with a solo homer and Kevin Frandsen had an RBI double for the Phillies.
Philadelphia starter Cole Hamels allowed one run on one hit over five innings to earn the win.
Chris Carter provided the lone run for the Astros on a run scoring groundout in the first inning.
Brad Peacock tossed three shutout innings in the start for Houston.
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Egyptian-Israeli relations reached a low point this weekend. But Egypt's military, secure in its power, has no interest in undermining the 1979 peace treaty.
Israeli-Egyptian relations hit a crisis point Friday night, when thousands of protesters, some armed with Molotov cocktails, stormed the Israeli Embassy compound in Cairo. The mob tore down the concrete wall protecting the building, burned handmade Israeli flags, and protested throughout the night. By early Saturday, the ambassador, embassy staffers, and their families were on an emergency Israeli Air Force flight back to Israel. This is the first time since Egypt recalled its ambassador from Tel Aviv during the Second Intifada that either country has been without the other's envoy.
The incident didn't come out of nowhere. On Aug. 18, eight Israelis were killed on a highway near Eilat by Gazan and Egyptian terrorists who had infiltrated southern Israel by way of the Sinai—Egyptian territory. Israeli forces pursued the terrorists back into Egypt and mistakenly killed five Egyptian soldiers and police officers. The next day, the Egyptian Cabinet called an emergency meeting, where it considered recalling Egypt's ambassador from Tel Aviv if the Israelis wouldn't apologize or agree to a joint probe of the officers' killings. Activists and political parties demanded the expulsion of Israel's ambassador in Cairo. Several major activist groups, including the left-leaning April 6 Movement, organized a large protest in front of the Israeli Embassy. It culminated with a 23-year-old carpenter scaling the 13-story building to replace the Israeli flag with an Egyptian one.
Israeli and pro-Israel skeptics of the Egyptian revolution have predicted since the Mubarak government fell that Egypt's pathologically anti-Israel population could push the country toward a violent confrontation with its northern neighbor. These past weeks have made it painfully clear that at least some of the Egyptian people—at best—refuse to tolerate any Israeli presence in their country.
But the real question is how much popular sentiment against the Jewish state actually matters. On a recent reporting trip I took to Cairo, I found that despite the view from the street, the country's military and its key political factions have no interest in upending the status quo. The cold peace is colder than ever. But even in the wake of Friday's violence, it's proving durable.
Ever since Anwar El Sadat signed the Camp David Accords in 1978, the Egyptian government has combated any sense of national inferiority by propagating an amazingly resilient myth: Egypt won the 1973 Yom Kippur War, and the Camp David Treaty represented Israel's capitulation to a morally and militarily superior enemy. It's a myth that helped Egypt recuperate some of its national self-esteem in light of its recognition of the Jewish State and subsequent expulsion from the Arab League. Murals of the Egyptian Army crossing the Suez Canal dot the road between the airport and downtown Cairo, and a downtown bridge and a major suburb of Cairo are named after Oct. 6, 1973, the date of Egypt's assault on Israeli positions in the Sinai. Whenever I asked Egyptians about their country's attitude toward the 1973 war, the answer came immediately: It was a major victory.
All of this made Egyptians feel better, but the myth also helped bolster the power of Hosni Mubarak, who took over as president after Sadat's 1981 assassination. The North Korean-built October War Panorama, a multimedia depiction of Egypt's attack on the Suez Canal located in the Heliopolis district of Cairo, includes a mosaic that places Mubarak in the center of a group of military commanders planning the war's opening offensive. Similar imagery is on display at the Cairo Citadel's National Military Museum.
While Mubarak incited hostility toward the Jewish State at home, he successfully convinced Israel and the United States that he could uphold Western interests in the region. Ezzedine Fishere, a former Foreign Ministry official at the Egyptian Embassy in Tel Aviv and the secretary general of Egypt's Supreme Council for Culture, likened Mubarak's political strategy to riding two horses simultaneously. "You can ride the two horses so long as you're going straight," Fishere explained to me. "This is why stability was so important to Mubarak. When there's instability, the two horses go in opposite directions. Because the public wants you to live up to your commitments, you've been feeding this inflammatory discourse about Israel being the source of all evil. … On the other hand, the Israelis are basically your security partners in the region."
Future Egyptian leaders can't afford to play this kind of double game, Fishere argues. "The challenge is for the state to face the public and say, 'We've been having very good relations with Israel for 30 years,' " he said. "And at the same time, we'll have to be frank with the Israelis and the Americans and say 'We can't be your accomplice.' " The Mubarak regime's system for dealing with Israel won't work anymore. The question, then, is whether a more aggressive, and possibly outright hostile, dynamic will take its place.
"The majority of people would agree that we shouldn't get into to a military conflict with Israel," Gamal Soltan, director of the Al-Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies, told me in his Cairo office in July. "But this doesn't mean that they will refrain from doing things that would make this more likely." He believes that a future, representative Egyptian government—parliamentary elections are currently scheduled for October—will have no choice but to respond to the public's overwhelmingly anti-Israel attitude, which could result in less security cooperation between the two countries.
Soltan added that the new Egyptian government will also have to contend with the long-standing popular sense that the country should reorient its foreign policy. He says that much of the Egyptian street looks to Iran's open defiance of the West with a certain degree of envy. "We felt inferior vis-a-vis Iran because they did the things we weren't able to, like supporting the Palestinians, criticizing both Egypt and the United States, and allying with some of the champions of Arab rights, like Hezbollah," said Soltan. "After the revolution, things might change."
Like Soltan, Fishere believes that most Egyptians do not want to fight another war with Israel. But he's more hopeful that democracy will ultimately lead to a less-radicalized discourse on the Jewish State. "We have to make [Egyptian policy toward Israel] more truthful and ultimately more responsible," Fishere said. "It will be more in the direction of Turkey than in the direction of Iran." So, Egypt's strategic posture toward Israel will likely change. That doesn't mean the peace treaty is going anywhere.
Luckily, the most powerful player in Egypt—the military—already understands this.
And the army, which Egyptian intellectual Tarek Heggy called the "the only power in the country," enjoys deep popular support. According to last month's Pew poll of Egyptian political attitudes, 53 percent of Egyptians have a "very good" view of the military, compared to the 29 percent religious leaders enjoy. Field Marshal Mohammad Tantawi, the head of the Military Council, has a 45 percent favorability rating—higher than that of the April 6 Movement (38 percent) and the Muslim Brotherhood (37 percent).
At a major protest in Tahrir Square on July 8, I heard protesters reprising the revolutionary chant that "the army and the people are one hand." Across Cairo, both Egyptian flags and displays of support for the military (such as fatigue-pattern street art) were ubiquitous. Egyptians still believe that the army is on their side: On Aug. 1, when the military dispersed a three-week tent protest that had shut down Tahrir Square, passersby cheered them on. A Sept. 9 protest against military rule in Tahrir Square was underwhelming. (Shadi Hamid, the director of research at the Brookings Institute's Doha branch, called it "the most incoherent, ineffective, anti-strategic protest in recent memory.")
The military has every reason to preserve Egypt's treaty with Israel. According to an official familiar with the U.S. government's operations in Egypt, there are currently "tens of thousands" of American military contractors in Egypt, which still receives over $1.3 billion in annual military aid from the United States. Experts I spoke to in Egypt estimated that the military controls between 20 and 40 percent of the country's economy. War with Israel serves no obvious strategic purpose for Egypt, and it would probably end American financial assistance, threaten the army's business holdings, and lead to massive casualties. (Nearly 20,000 Egyptian soldiers were killed in the 1967 and 1973 wars.) Plus, the sectarianism that makes Lebanon and Syria so threatening to Israel is absent in Egypt. There are no religious or ethnic militias that could plausibly challenge the military's monopoly on force.
Tellingly, even the more extreme elements in Egyptian politics have sought accommodation with the military, rather than pressuring it into a more confrontational stance. Abdul-Jalil al-Sharnouby, the former editor of the Muslim Brotherhood's website, told me that he quit the organization partly over its willingness to cooperate with "the Brotherhood's enemies," including the ruling military junta.
In the hours after Friday's embassy incident, Egypt's ruling military council reiterated its commitment to the 1978 Camp David Accords. Egyptian Information Minister Osama Heikal quickly spoke out against the riot, calling it "a gross violation of the law," adding that "one cannot call the perpetrators … either brave or patriotic." And Egypt yesterday reinstated some of the emergency measures lifted after Mubarak's ouster in February, including laws that limit protesters' ability to gather in public. A spokesperson for the Egyptian Cabinet told Reuters that "returning to normalcy is the objective for both sides" after the Israeli Embassy conflagration.
No doubt this measure will enrage some elements of the protest movement. But this only shows how badly Egypt's current military rulers want to stabilize the country's affairs, including its now-strained relationship with Israel. As soon as the military realized that there was a real possibility of foreign diplomats being seriously hurt or even killed on Egyptian soil, they "realized that the external price they would pay [for inaction] is higher than the internal one for stopping the protest," Sam Tadros, an Egypt expert at the Hudson Institute told me yesterday. David Schenker of the Washington Instutite for Near East Policy agrees that in the aftermath of Friday's incident, the military's top priority is bringing some stability back to the country's internal and foreign affairs. "What happened with the embassy demonstrates not only that the [ruling Supreme Council of the Armed Forces] is the leading supporter of the peace treaty, but I'd say it's indicative of the ongoing situation in the country," he says. "They feel that there has to be a red line. There has to be some semblance of order."
Egyptian attitudes toward Israel aren't going to improve. And Egyptian voters, through popular protest and, eventually, through the ballot box, are capable of reversing the kind of close official cooperation that Mubarak pursued. But for the time being, at least, it's the military that matters. And in the months since the revolution, its calculations toward the Jewish state haven't changed.
Dream Land
Houston Rockets center Hakeem Olajuwon was exactly the ambassador for Islam Americans needed after Sept. 11
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UW-RF Home > University Communications Home > This Month's News Releases
University Communications
For more information contact email@example.com or email@example.com.
Noted Scholar Visits UW-RF
APRIL 7, 2006--Stephen Steinberg, an internationally renowned sociologist
of race and ethnicity and author of books on the subject, is a visiting
scholar at the University of Wisconsin-River Falls. He will present a
lecture on April 19 at 7 p.m. in the Abbott Concert Hall in the Kleinpell
Fine Arts Building.
Last updated:
Thursday, 22-Apr-2010 16:07:16 Central Daylight Time
University of Wisconsin - River Falls


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Handwoven of luxurious New Zealand wool, this rug's puzzlelike pattern and rich yet muted palette was inspired by treasures found within the Smithsonian Institute's vast archives and libraries. Made in India.
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Ohio River
Crews Pull Body From Ohio River In Beaver Co.
Emergency crews pulled a body from the Ohio River in Beaver County Saturday morning.
Body Found In Ohio River Identified
A man whose body was found in the Ohio River on Memorial Day has been identified. The Beaver County Coroner says 63-year-old Gregory Smith, of Sewickley, apparently drowned.
Autopsy Planned For Body Pulled From Ohio River
Crews in Beaver County have recovered a body. Boaters told authorities they saw it near the old J&L Plant in Aliquippa.
Coast Guard Issues Safety Message For Boaters
The Coast Guard has a message for boaters on Pittsburgh's three rivers this Memorial Day weekend.
Towboat Captain Praised After Retrieving Barge
A local bridge that was hit by runaway barges on Wednesday is reopened after hours of inspection.
4 Barges Break Free, Hit Bridge Near Neville Island
There is concern about the potential for a chemical spill in the Ohio River after several barges broke loose and struck a local bridge Wednesday morning.
Mon Wharf To Be Closed On Monday
Heavy rains over the weekend have forced rivers around the area to swell. As a result, the Monday morning commute will be impacted.
Body Found In Ohio River Identified
Officials have been called to the area of the Neville Island Bridge after a body may have been spotted in the water.
Rising Rivers To Close Mon Wharf Wednesday
The recent storms that moved through the area this week are having an impact on the rivers around Pittsburgh.
Man Hopes To Make Statement On Kayak Trip To New Orleans
It's a trip usually reserved for big steamboats, like the Mississippi Queen, but a young man from Squirrel Hill is set to travel all the way from the Mon River to the Gulf of Mexico in a kayak. He's hoping to make a statement with his journey.
Diesel Fuel Spills After Pipeline Burst In Shippingport
Environmental contractors have quite a mess on their hands in Shippingport, Beaver County. An unknown amount of diesel fuel spilled from a pipeline on a hillside that burst around 2 p.m. Sunday afternoon.
Local Family Waits For ID Of Body Found In Ohio River
Could the discovery of a body in the Ohio River solve the mystery of a man missing from Beaver County since December? Police in Beaver are looking into it but stress no positive identification has been made.
Body Found In Ohio River
Police are investigating the discovery of a body in the Ohio River. The body was found near Wabash Street in Industry, Beaver County.
10th Street Bypass Reopens After Flooding
PennDOT closed the 10th Street Bypass Sunday night due to flooding. The road was reopened Tuesday morning after the river had receded.
Morning Commute Impacted By Downtown Flooding
Flooding is continuing to have an impact on the morning commute in downtown Pittsburgh. Rain and snow over the weekend caused the rivers to swell and overflow their banks.


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What Magic Place Is That One?
by Jovelino MatosAlmeida
catalog exhibition,
places around the world
Photography, since 2000:
PSA and FIAP gold medals and honors.
International photo judge (FIAP and PSA)
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Purring softly one minute and scampering after a tiny ball the next, Henry the tough-luck tabby continued his amazing recovery from near-fatal injuries.
Sometimes you just need a quick trip to the beach. But as an American without a passport — mine had been stolen — I had limited options for...
Puerto Rico and Los Cabos offer a study of contrasts that extends well beyond their 'east vs. west' geography.
Normally tourist attractions like museums, castles, churches and forts are not at the top of my "must-see" list when I go on trips.
Once a U.S. Navy target practice site, the tiny island of Culebra now offers quiet sunny beaches - and just the odd rusty tank.


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PBA All-Star Week begins
Pacquiao stint up in air
DIGOS, Davao del Sur—Boxing icon Manny Pacquiao has yet to confirm his participation in today's PBA All-Star Week activity but the eight-division world champion still hasn't shut the door on playing his first big-time basketball game.
"There is a big possibility that he will drop by, and if he will be allowed to play, he will play," Gov. Douglas Cagas, the event host, said yesterday.
Pacquiao personally asked Cagas two days ago on the possibility of playing in the Legends game pitting the PBA Greats against the PBA Stalwarts at 6 p.m. today at the Sports, Cultural and Business Center of Davao Del Sur here.
The league welcomed Pacquiao's intent.
The Saranggani congressman has yet to confirm if he is playing, however.
"I'm just happy that, if ever, he'll be my teammate," said Vince Hizon of the Greats. "At least, whatever happens, I wouldn't be the one trying to take a charge on him (Pacquiao) when he drives to the basket."
Benjie Paras, the only man to win the MVP and Rookie of the Year awards on the same year, will banner the Stalwarts.
Also on tap today are the Obstacle Challenge, the Three-Point Shootout and Slam Dunk events which have drawn great attention in past editions of the annual classic.
And while Jonas Villanueva and Mark Macapagal of Barako Bull shoot for fourth straight titles in the Obstacle and Three-Point contests, respectively, rookie Chris Ellis of Barangay Ginebra looms as the man to beat in the Slam Dunk event.
Villanueva won last year as a member of San Mig Coffee/B-Meg, while Macapagal was with Meralco. They became teammates at Barako Bull at the start of the season.
The Slam Dunk has not seen a creative dunker like Ellis ever since KG Cañaleta of Air21 ruled the event five times.
Josh Urbiztondo of Ginebra and Rain or Shine rookie Chris Tiu are the others tipped to crowd Macapagal for the Three-Point Shootout crown together with Cañaleta, who has evolved into a fine outside gun with the Express.
The festivities culminate with the holding of the Gilas Pilipinas-PBA All-Star Selection game on Sunday where the Nationals will play for the first time since being assembled earlier this year.
Chot Reyes will handle the national team, while Luigi Trillo, who guided Alaska to the No. 1 rank in the current Commissioner's Cup, will call the shots for the PBA Selection made up of the best talents that weren't called for national duty.
Marcus Douthit, the country's naturalized 6-foot-10 center, will lead the Nationals together with in-form Barangay Ginebra point guard and reigning Jones Cup MVP LA Tenorio.
Japeth Aguilar and Gabe Norwood, who would be in the Slam Dunk Contest on a normal PBA season, were asked by Reyes to excuse themselves from the Skills Challenge—like all the others in the national pool—to avoid risks of injuries.
After this week, the national players go back to their mother teams that are in the Final Four of the Commissioner's Cup, while the others start training with the PH five, which will clash with the Shanghai Sharks on Monday and Tuesday.
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Safco Extra Wide Desk Riser - 42" Shelf:
- Extra wide, 12" deep shelf
- Shelf dividers to keep books and binders upright
- Retainer lip in the rear
- Constructed with a melamine top
- Cast aluminum legs
Finish: Black
42"W x 12.25"D x 8.25"H
Furnished Over 1 Million Homes Since 1997...
I was very satisfied with One Way Furniture Service. I have referred them to many friends, family, and customers. Thank you. Kathy A. Eisele, Boston, MA
Product Review - Safco Extra Wide Desk Riser - 42" Shelf
Furniture Brand
Safco understands that quality extends beyond a simple expectation of function. From concept to delivery, Safco integrates high levels of quality as their standard. Safco is committed to the highest levels of satisfaction in the manufacture, sale and support of their products. Safco
Weight & Size
Reference - Sku: 3603BL - Safco Extra Wide Desk Riser - 42" Shelf by Safco


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Mon-Fri: 7am-1am EST / Sat-Sun: 7am-11pm EST
ApplianceGeneral Electric Washer
Level of DifficultyReally easy
Time to do repairLess than 15 mins
Age of Appliance5 - 10 years
Wrench set
0 out of 1 people found this instruction helpful
Resigning myself to the fact that the washer was broken and I would need to buy a new one, I decided to pull it apart to see if I could see what the problem was (why not if your getting a new one anyway) Once I muscled the agitator off and undid the screw I discovered that the agitator coupler sat on a metal piece that had grooves. Alas...the coupler was worn...there were no grooves left inside the plastic piece. Wondering if I could even find this part I wondered onto this website, plugged in the part number and there it was with pictures and measurements and cheap! Needless to say I ordered it, why not, if it doesn't work I will buy a washer anyway. The part arrived within days. I unpacked the box, opened the plastic, slid it into place, tightened the new screw, replaced the agitator, plugged it back in, started it up and the washing machine was agitating like new. I wrote this long story because the repair was so easy it's not even funny, and I was just going to buy a new washer...
Help other customers find the most helpful instructions.
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See what some of our writers are saying on Twitter, and how you can follow them.
Wednesday Writer Tweets of the Day
Do Boys Deserve Credit for the Declining Teen Birth Rate?
Is Chicago's "Pregnant Men" Campaign to Reduce Teen Pregnancy Offensive?
Life Is a Lesson, Not a Test
A Mission to the Venice of the Amazon
Teen Parenthood: Our Reality
A Different Angle on Teen Pregnancy: The Father's
Do Teenage Boys Want Love Not Sex?
Trigger warning for brief mentions of rape and abuse. I recently came across (possibly via Scarleteen) this awesome report about male adolescent sexual health within the primary care setting. According to the study, male sexual health is quite often overlooked within the clinical setting. Pediatricians are three times more likely to take sexual histories from female […]


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Mesa News Archives
An Initial Version Of LunarGLASS-LLVM For Mesa
In October of last year there was a proposal by LunarG, a small consulting company focusing upon Gallium3D and Mesa that was formed by some of the original Tungsten Graphics crew, to create a common kernel and shader compiler stack. This stack would utilize LLVM (the Low-Level Virtual Machine) for optimizations This work was published as LunarGLASS and there is now a specification and initial implementation of it for Mesa.
3 February 2011 - It Works - 7 Comments
Tiling Is Being Worked On For The Open Evergreen Driver
While the Radeon HD 6000 series is AMD's latest generation of graphics processor, and has initial open-source support available as of earlier this month, the open-source Linux GPU driver support isn't yet complete for the older Radeon HD 5000 "Evergreen" series and generations even older than that. One of the features that has been lacking for Evergreen is tiling support within the ATI Gallium3D "R600g" driver for the HD 5000 series while it is available for the R600 ASICs and earlier. Evergreen tiling support though is now being worked on, which should deliver a performance boost once fully implemented for this hardware.
31 January 2011 - 1D Sort Of Working - 9 Comments
This GLX Patch Can Really Boosts The FPS (~ +60%)
The past few months Chris Wilson has been on quite a coding spree with making many changes and improvements to the xf86-video-intel DDX driver, among other components. Today though he has put out a patch to the X.Org development list that will affect far more individuals than just those using the Intel graphics driver, which is his primary focus being an employee of the Intel Open-Source Technology Center. This GLX patch has boosted the in-game frame-rate for him in one of his tests by about sixty percent!
26 January 2011 - GLX Cache Patch - 23 Comments
A Bounty For Gallium3D On Haiku OS
Going back to at least 2009 there's been interest in having Gallium3D on the Haiku operating system and last year they hoped for a new graphics stack as part of GSoC 2010, but that didn't develop. They wanted Gallium3D and/or the ability to load Linux graphics drivers on this BeOS-compatible operating system. Now though they've put up a cash bounty to get Gallium3D support.
25 January 2011 - $2,000 USD - 130 Comments
Mesa Now Supports A Bit More Of OpenGL 3.0
While some Mesa developers spent some time this weekend investigating WebGL issues in open-source drivers as noted by Firefox developers, Brian Paul and others have been tackling support for some new OpenGL extensions.
17 January 2011 - Not All Though - 26 Comments
Performance Work Coming Up For Mesa 7.11
While Mesa 7.10 was just released, there's already been some work beginning to land in the mainline Mesa code-base for the ATI Radeon Gallium3D drivers to improve the performance.
9 January 2011 - In Radeon - 68 Comments
Mesa 7.10, Mesa 7.9.1 Released To The Wild
Mesa 7.10 has been released!
8 January 2011 - It's Here - 19 Comments
Mesa 7.10 Is Coming In One Month
While we anticipated Mesa 7.10 being a late Q4'2010 or very early Q1'2011 release, today that's now been formalized with Intel's Ian Romanick once again stepping up to the plate to manage this next Mesa 3D release. Ian's proposal calls for Mesa 7.10 to be branched on 8 December and then for the final release to be out around or on the 7th of January. In traditional Mesa fashion, a Mesa 7.9.1 bug-fix release will also come around that time.
30 November 2010 - Lots Of Stuff - 4 Comments
The Vega State Tracker Gets Cleaned, OpenVG 1.1
Chia-I Wu, the developer who previously worked on the EGL state tracker, brought Mesa to Android netbooks, and allowed Nouveau to work on Wayland (and now is doing work for LunarG), has some improvements to the Vega state tracker. Namely he has cleaned up this Gallium3D state tracker for Mesa and additionally has a branch containing OpenVG 1.1 support.
30 November 2010 - New Gallium3D Enhancements - 7 Comments
Work Is Back Underway On Clover: Mesa's OpenCL
Some two years ago there was a branch of Mesa created by Zack Rusin named "Clover" with intentions of providing OpenCL over Mesa. While it looked hopeful at first, this code to support OpenCL over Mesa was never finished and after a while it didn't receive any further work. It's been months since there's been much activity in this area of GPGPU support for Mesa/Gallium3D, but recently Zack has renewed his interest in getting Mesa Clover working.
26 November 2010 - About Time - 2 Comments
XvMC With iDCT Now Working On Gallium3D
A month ago there was the surprising work done by Christian König to bring XvMC and VDPAU support to the open-source ATI Radeon "R600g" Gallium3D driver for the Radeon HD 2000/3000/4000/5000 series graphics cards. The XvMC state tracker with Gallium3D began working shortly thereafter for accelerating XvMC using shaders with this ATI Gallium3D driver, however, iDCT support was not implemented. Christian though has now added support for inverse discrete cosine transforms to this X-Video Motion Compensation code for Gallium3D.
21 November 2010 - R600g Support - 9 Comments
An Update On The OpenGL 3 Support In Mesa
While the Mesa software stack has made some steps towards supporting OpenGL 3.x, this free software library used by open-source graphics drivers is still a ways from supporting this industry graphics API thats years old and has already been surpassed by OpenGL 4.x. There hasn't been too much major progress lately on GL3 support, but some think it could be achieved next year. When there is OpenGL 3.0 support in Mesa, it will be released as Mesa 8.0. Regardless, the OpenGL 3 status document for Mesa has been updated.
21 November 2010 - Update Time - 50 Comments
Zack Rusin Talks About Gallium3D's TGSI IR
Lately there's been a lot of talk about Gallium3D's IR known as TGSI, or Tokenized Gallium Shader Instructions, and attempts by some to replace this intermediate representation. Efforts toward improving TGSI are not particularly new, but it's been going on for a while and then just earlier this month a new shader and compiler stack was proposed by LunarG. As part of the LunarGLASS proposal, the LLVM IR would be used as a replacement to TGSI.
28 October 2010 - And It Should Be Replaced - 2 Comments
LunarG Proposes A Shader And Kernel Compiler Stack
LunarG, the consulting company providing professional services for Mesa / Gallium3D that's led by Jens Owens, the founder of Tungsten Graphics, is beginning to commence work on a new project: LunarGLASS. Last year, LunarG wanted to provided better Linux graphics documentation, but this new LunarGLASS initiative is much more ambitious and it's about providing a complete shader and kernel compiler stack.
18 October 2010 - It's Called LunarGLASS - 20 Comments
Mesa 7.9 Has Now Been Released
Just as planned, Mesa 7.9 has now been released! This 7.9 release of this open-source graphics library is huge with a plethora of Gallium3D improvements (to the drivers, state trackers, etc), core Mesa improvements (including new OpenGL extensions), a new GLSL compiler, and much more.
4 October 2010 - YES! - 29 Comments
Mesa 7.9 Makes It To The Release Candidate Stage
Mesa 7.9, one of the biggest updates to this open-source graphics driver stack in quite a while, is almost here. Ian Romanick has made available a release candidate for Mesa 7.9 and is saying the final release will be here one week from now (4 October) barring any major issues cropping up.
28 September 2010 - It's On The Way - 7 Comments
For Those Interested In Direct3D Over Gallium3D
There still is great interest and discussion among many users interested in Direct3D 10 and 11 being natively implemented on Linux using a new state tracker that was published this week for the Gallium3D driver architecture. It seems some Wine developers are still in opposition to this effort even though their Direct3D 10 implementation within Wine is still very limited in terms of translating the calls to OpenGL and their Direct3D 11 support really hasn't taken off.
25 September 2010 - Notes - 102 Comments
Mesa 7.8.3 Release Candidate 1 Is Here
While Mesa 7.9 is just around the corner with a great number of new features and other improvements to this open-source graphics stack used by Linux and other operating systems, those being bound to releases that are proven stable will still be leaving with Mesa 7.8 until Mesa 7.9.1 or 7.9.2 is released later in the year. But for those stable users, there's also Mesa 7.8.3 that will soon be released.
15 September 2010 - Stability - 6 Comments
Mesa 7.9 Planned For Release In September
Mesa 7.9 has shaped up to be one hell of a release with many new features and improvements throughout this open-source graphics software stack. For those that have been waiting for this to be officially released, there's good news and that is Mesa 7.9 should be released by the end of September.
1 September 2010 - By End Of Month - 13 Comments
LLVMpipe & Compiz 0.9 Still Don't Play Along
LLVMpipe is an especially interesting Gallium3D driver since it allows accelerating the state trackers atop any modern CPU, but for any close to decent level of performance when using OpenGL you need a hefty multi-core CPU (here's some LLVMpipe benchmarks just from last week) that supports the latest SSE4 instructions as well. While some OpenGL games will run with LLVMpipe and the performance of this driver that leverages the Low-Level Virtual Machine is much faster and better than Mesa's old software rasterizer or the Gallium3D Softpipe driver, Compiz nor the GNOME Shell (and most other compositing window managers) yet work with this driver.
19 August 2010 - No Fun - 6 Comments
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3D model of Sperm Whale
UV Mapped:yes
This is a captivating prototype of a real Sperm Whale. Model of Marine Mammal has been produced according to the original proportions.
If you would like to get some other formats of Marine Mammal model we can provide them for you.
We apply smoothing to geometry of this Sperm Whale. Please send us a query if you need un-collapsed version of whale 3d model. All the parts of the Sperm Whale model are individual items, which therefore allows you to change materials, textures, colors etc. You can submit a request to our team to help you with any issue you are experiencing during the work with this model.
* texture for side of upholstery is included.
* renders were made in 3ds Max 2008 using V-Ray (studio environment is not included to the set).
Other Whale 3D models
Available formats
- 3D Studio (.3ds)
- 3DS MAX v.2008-15 Mental Ray (.max)
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- Cinema 4D v.11-14 (.c4d)
- Cinema 4D Vray v.11-14 (.c4d)
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- Lightwave v.6-11 (.lwo)
- Maya v.8.5 - 2015 (.mb)
- Photoshop CS6 (.psd)
- Softimage (.xsi)
- Universal 3D (.u3d)
- Wavefront OBJ (.obj)
- 3D Printing Ready (paid)


text:
Mon-Fri: 7am-1am EST / Sat-Sun: 7am-11pm EST
ApplianceWhirlpool Dishwasher
Level of DifficultyReally easy
Time to do repairLess than 15 mins
Age of Appliance5 - 10 years
After watching the excellent video I was able to replace the old parts with the new in less than ten minutes! "Bob's your uncle" and no tools needed!
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Part Number: PS392991
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Third Victim Dies
By Associated Press
Tulsa, OK – 3rd victim in shooting at Tulsa hotel dies
TULSA, Okla. (AP) A third victim of a Tulsa hotel shooting last week has died.
Police confirmed that 20-year-old Toni Ruff died at a Tulsa hospital over the weekend. He was shot last Thursday night at a Days Inn hotel in east-central Tulsa. The others fatally shot were 23-year-old Joey Deon Mike and 19-year-old Jermiko Thomas.
No arrests had been made as of Monday night.
Officers called to the hotel the night of the shooting found Ruff and the other victims in one of the rooms. Police say a bullet had struck a water pipe and flooded the room.


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Physical activity is important for children's health, but successful physical activity promotion is challenging. Whether performing many different types of activities (Variety) is associated with higher physical activity independent of the number of activity sessions (Frequency) is unknown, but this information could inform physical activity promotion and public health strategies in children.
In the SPEEDY study we measured moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA; ≥2000 counts/minute) over 7 days using GT1M Actigraph accelerometers in 1700 children from Norfolk, UK (56% girls, Mean ± SD 10.3 ± 0.3 years-old). Children reported participation in 28 leisure-time activities over the previous 7 days. Sex differences in activity participation were assessed using multilevel logistic regression, clustered by school. Associations of log-transformed MVPA with z-score-Variety (number of different activities/week) and z-score-Frequency (sum of all activity sessions/week) were examined using multilevel linear regression, adjusted for age, sex, parental education and age-standardised BMI.
Children's activity participation often reflected gender stereotypes. Mean ± SD Variety was 10.8 ± 5.0 activities/week, and Frequency was 24.2±15.0 sessions/week. In separate models lnMVPA had similar strength, positive associations with z-score-Variety and z-score-Frequency (Exp β(95% CI); Variety 1.04(1.02-1.06), Frequency 1.04(1.02-1.06)). lnMVPA was not associated with z-score-Variety independent of z-score-Frequency (Variety 1.01(0.98-1.04), Frequency 1.03(1.00-1.06)).
Future physical activity interventions and public health strategies could allow for gender specific activity preferences and could target both Variety and Frequency of activities participated in by children.
Keywords:Children; Physical activity; Accelerometer; Primary school; Intervention; Public health
In children and adolescents, physical activity is inversely associated with metabolic syndrome and clustered cardiovascular risk factors [1-3]. The British government recommends that children participate in a minimum of 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) each day [4], however, only 30–40% of youth (2–18 years old) meet these guidelines [5]. It is therefore important to develop effective interventions and public health strategies to promote physical activity in young people, particularly as interventions to date have had limited success [6].
Interventions to promote physical activity often aim to increase participation in specific modes of activity (i.e. specific activities, e.g. walking or dancing) but relatively little is known about the mode of activities participated in by British children and how this is related to objectively measured physical activity. There is some evidence regarding participation in specific activities among young people from Australia, New Zealand and USA but activity mode is likely to substantially differ across different countries due to both climate and cultural norms [7-11]. A study in British adolescents broadly grouped activities into six categories (housework, sedentary activities, outside activities, active jobs, sports participation and active travel), and suggested that activity type and context may vary according to objectively measured activity level [12].
The volume of activity recommended by physical activity guidelines can be achieved by performing few activities several times per week or by performing many different activities less often. However, it is unknown whether the number of types of activities children participate in each week (Variety) is associated with objectively measured physical activity independent of how often activity is performed each week (Frequency). Previous evidence is inconclusive indicating that although participation in a number of different physical activities may be important for activity maintenance throughout adolescence [11], proxy reported Variety was not associated with objectively measured physical activity in children and was not examined independent of overall activity frequency [13]. Therefore it is uncertain whether public health strategies and interventions to promote physical activity in children could benefit from specifically focusing on Variety or Frequency of activity participation or whether both are equally important.
It may be prudent for interventions promoting physical activity to be targeted towards particular population subgroups, such as girls or overweight individuals [14]. Understanding the characteristics of physical activity behaviour within subgroups and how it is associated with overall physical activity level could inform future physical activity guidelines and the development of effective strategies to promote physical activity. It could be beneficial for physical activity guidelines to recommend a minimum number of different types of activity for children to participate in, or to design an intervention with opportunities for children to try a wide range of different activities. These strategies may be more valuable for certain population subgroups than others.
We aimed to describe 10-year old children's participation in common activities and examine differences in Variety and Frequency of activity participation between population subgroups. We also aimed to explore associations of self-reported Variety and Frequency of activities of at least moderate intensity with objectively measured physical activity, specifically focusing on MVPA as suggested by the current British physical activity guidelines [4].
Study outline
A cross-sectional examination of data from the Sport, Physical activity and Eating behaviour: Environmental Determinants in Young People (SPEEDY) study was conducted. Full ethical approval was given by the University of East Anglia local research ethics committee. Recruitment and methodology have been described previously [15]. Briefly, 157 out of 227 (69%) primary schools in Norfolk, Eastern England, with more than 12 pupils in Year–5 (aged 9 to 10 years) were approached. Ninety-two schools and 2064 pupils (57% of eligible sample) agreed to participate and were visited for measurements from April to July 2007. Written informed consent was obtained from all pupils (signed by a parent/guardian and the child).
Trained research assistants visited each school; they performed anthropometric measurements according to standard procedures and supervised the children completing questionnaires. Children were fitted with an accelerometer and instructed how to wear it. Each child took home a questionnaire for their parent or guardian to complete; they were asked to return this and their accelerometer to school eight days after the measurement day.
Youth physical activity questionnaire (YPAQ)
Self-reported physical activity was assessed using the YPAQ. The YPAQ was based on the Children's Leisure Activities Study Survey (CLASS) [16], but adapted for the British population and to capture activities in the last seven days rather than a 'typical week'. The YPAQ has been shown to adequately rank individual's overall physical activity in 12–13 year old children (n = 25) [17]. Children reported their participation in 28 moderate-to-vigorous intensity activities during non-school time over the last seven days. Each activity had four response categories ("never", "one day", "2 to 3 days" and "four or more"); these were recoded as 0, 1, 2.5 and 4.5 sessions/week for analysis.
Variety was calculated as the sum of types of activities reported to be participated in. Frequency was calculated as the summed sessions/week of all reported activities. Variety and Frequency were transformed to z-scores, calculated as (x – /SD ) to allow comparison of β-coefficients across exposures.
Children were excluded from analyses if they responded to less than a third of YPAQ questions (n = 45). A further 202 children (12% of the sample), had incomplete YPAQ data; we assumed that these children did not participate in activities with no response. There were no substantial differences in results when sensitivity analyses excluding children with any missing YPAQ data were conducted.
Free-living physical activity was assessed over seven days with an ActiGraph accelerometer (GT1M, Actigraph LCC, Pensacola, US) [18]. Uniaxial accelerometers explain between 33 and 78% of the variance in energy expenditure derived from doubly labelled water and indirect calorimetry [19-21]. The children were asked to wear the accelerometer on an elastic waistband on their right hip during waking hours, except whilst bathing, showering or swimming [18]. Data were stored at 5-second intervals [22-25] and a custom programme (MAHUffe, http://www.mrc-epid.cam.ac.uk webcite) was used for data reduction. Data processing was comparable with other studies of similar aged children [26-28]; the first day of data collection (partial day of measurement at school), periods of time when zero counts were recorded continuously for ten or more minutes ('non wear time') and counts recorded before 6 am and after 11 pm each day were removed. Children were excluded from analyses if valid accelerometer data were not obtained for at least 500 minutes per day on at least three days (n = 106 without three full measurement days and n = 90 with completely missing accelerometer data). Monitoring physical activity for 480 minutes for three days has achieved an intraclass correlation coefficient (inter-individual variation/total variation) of 0.70 in children of a similar age [28,29].
MVPA was defined as time spent at ≥2,000 counts per minute (cpm) each day and sedentary time was defined as time spent at ≤100 counts per minute (cpm) each day; both are presented as a daily mean value. A threshold of ≥2,000 cpm is equivalent to walking at approximately 4 km/h in children [30], and has been used previously to study associations between physical activity intensity and metabolic outcomes in children [31]. Preliminary analyses showed that MVPA did not have normally distributed residuals and so it was log-transformed before further analyses (lnMVPA). Accelerometer data were used to categorise children into those meeting and not meeting the current physical activity guidelines of at least 60 minutes MVPA each day [4]. The least and most active 10% of the sample (both n = 170) were determined based on minutes spent in MVPA.
Measurement of covariates
Children self-reported their date of birth and age was calculated from the measurement date. Simple non-invasive anthropometry measures were conducted with children dressed in light clothing. Portable Leicester height measures were used to measure height to the nearest 0.1 cm. A non-segmental bio-impedance scale (Tanita, type TBF-300A) was used to measure weight to the nearest 0.1 kg. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and age standardised BMI was derived [32]. Weight status was determined using sex- and age-dependent BMI cut-points (non-overweight vs overweight/obese) [32].
The parent or guardian self-reported their highest educational qualifications as a proxy measure of socioeconomic status, and home address was used to determine home location. Parent/guardian education level was grouped into 'General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) or lower', 'A-level or lower vocational training' and 'University or higher vocational training'. Children's home location was classified as 'rural' (villages, hamlets and isolated dwellings), 'suburban' (town and fringe areas) and 'urban' (town/city with >10,000 inhabitants) [33]. Children were excluded from analyses if they had missing data for age (n = 0), sex (n = 0), BMI (n = 12) or parent/guardian education (n = 182).
Final sample
Complete data for outcome, exposures and covariates were available for 1700 children. Children who were excluded from analyses were similar to children who were included for age, sex, BMI, minutes spent in MVPA and parent/guardian education. However, excluded participants spent less time sedentary (mean difference in sedentary time, 11.9 minutes/day, p-value = 0.032) and were more likely to live in an urban vs rural home location (p-value = 0.023) compared to those included in the final sample.
Statistical analyses
In all statistical analyses 'school' was used as a clustering variable to take into account the sampling frame. Linear regression was used where the outcome variable was continuous and logistic regression was used when the outcome variable was categorical.
Multilevel regression analyses were used to test sex differences in descriptive data, sex differences in participation in each YPAQ activity and differences between subgroups in self-reported Variety and Frequency (sex, home location, weight status, meeting physical activity guidelines and parent/guardian education level).
The associations of Variety and Frequency with lnMVPA were also tested using multilevel regression. Variety and Frequency were first considered as exposures in separate models and then as exposures in the same model. Multicollinearity of Variety and Frequency was checked but was not deemed likely to influence the results (variance inflation factor; VIF = 3.77), despite strong correlation (r = 0.86) [34]. Models were adjusted for potential confounding variables: age, sex, parent/guardian education level and BMI z-score. Sensitivity analyses were conducted excluding children with any missing YPAQ data. If Variety or Frequency differed between strata of sample subgroups, interactions between the subgroup and Variety or Frequency were explored in associations with lnMVPA.
There were no sex differences for age, height or parent/guardian education level (Table 1). However, girls had higher weight, BMI, sedentary time, and were more likely to live in a suburban location compared with a rural location than boys. Boys had higher MVPA than girls and were more likely to be meeting activity guidelines.
Table 1. Descriptive characteristics of the sample of children from the SPEEDY study used in these analyses
Children reported participating in all 28 YPAQ activities; the proportion of children participating in specific activities ranged from 9% for 'skiing, snowboarding, or sledging' to 79% for 'Running or jogging' (Figure 1). Sex differences were observed for participation in 21 activities (75%); the largest sex differences in participation were seen for 'Dancing' and 'Football' with higher participation for girls and boys respectively (Figure 1).
Figure 1. Proportion of boys and girls reporting participating in each YPAQ activity. * p < 0.05 for sex difference in the proportion of children participating in each activity. Tested using multilevel logistic regression. YPAQ; youth physical activity questionnaire.
Children participated in mean ± SD 10.8 ± 5.0 different types of activity each week (Variety) and in 24.2 ± 15.0 sessions each week (Frequency), these were both significantly (p <0.003) higher in the most active compared to the least active 10% of children (Table 2). Girls reported a higher Variety of activities than boys, and children who met physical activity guidelines reported a higher Variety and higher Frequency of activities than those who did not meet physical activity guidelines. In addition, children whose parent/guardian was in the highest educational group reported participating in activities less frequently than children whose parent/guardian had a low educational level. Therefore sex, meeting physical activity guidelines and parent/guardian education were taken forwards as potential moderating factors.
Table 2. Variety and Frequency of activities stratified by population subgroups
In separate models, Variety and Frequency had similar sized, significant, positive associations with lnMVPA, respectively accounting for 1.18 and 1.32% of the variance in objectively measured physical activity (Table 3). The effect size of Variety was smaller than that of Frequency and not significant when both were included as exposures in the same model. The results were similar when sensitivity analyses excluding all children with any missing YPAQ data were conducted. No significant interactions were identified, indicating that associations of Variety and Frequency with physical activity were similar for strata of population subgroups (Additional file 1: Table S1).
Table 3. Associations of objectively measured MVPA with self reported Variety and Frequency
Additional file 1: Table S1. Interactions between strata of population subgroups and Variety and Frequency in associations with objectively measured MVPA. Table of interactions between strata of population subgroups and Variety and Frequency in associations with objectively measured MVPA.
Format: PDF Size: 35KB Download file
This file can be viewed with: Adobe Acrobat Reader
Discussion and conclusion
Ten-year old children participated in a wide range of activities which often conformed to gender stereotypes. For example, a greater proportion of boys reported playing football compared to girls. This indicates that within physical activity promotion interventions and public health strategies it may be necessary to allow for personal and gender specific activity preference.
The most commonly reported activity was running, which contrasts with previous studies which have reported walking, basketball, swimming and football as the most common activities in young people [7,9-11,35]. Differences in activity participation from previous research may be due to heterogeneous cultures, age ranges, activity questionnaires and season in which data were collected. The current data were collected in spring and summer (April–July) and may reflect seasonal fluctuation in activity participation. For example, Rugby, which in Britain is typically played in winter, had lower participation than Cricket, which is traditionally played in summer. Furthermore, 9% of children reported participation in snow-based activities. Although there was no snow in Norfolk at the time of data collection there is a large 'dry ski-slope' in the county, which could explain this finding.
Differences in Variety and Frequency of activities between population subgroups (sex, activity status and parent/guardian education level) suggest that the characteristics of children's physical activity behaviour are not homogenous. Tailoring interventions and public health strategies to the physical activity characteristics within the target population may therefore be appropriate. For example, an intervention targeting children who do not meet government physical activity guidelines may focus on increasing the Variety and Frequency of activities performed, as both are significantly lower than in children meeting the guidelines.
Results from separate models suggest that Variety and Frequency reflect objectively measured MVPA to a similar extent. However, the associations between Variety and MVPA were not independent of Frequency. This appears to suggest that if the total number of activity sessions performed is high, it may not matter whether children perform many activities few times per week or few activities many times per week. If both approaches result in high total Frequency of activity, they may both result in more MVPA overall. Therefore, both approaches could be relevant to health promotion depending on the population or personal preference. In addition, the lack of significant interactions indicates that the associations of Variety and Frequency with physical activity are similar across population subgroups. This suggests that Variety and Frequency may be relevant components of physical activity to promote for all children. The lack of independence between Variety and Frequency in associations with MVPA could be explained if Frequency is on the causal pathway between Variety and MVPA. It is possible that increasing Variety could increase Frequency and in turn MVPA. Therefore, offering a wide range of activities in interventions promoting physical activity or including a minimum recommended number of different activities in future physical activity guidelines may be relevant. Longitudinal data analysis or a randomized controlled trial is necessary to confirm or refute this suggestion as this cross-sectional study leaves potential for reverse causality.
Strengths and limitations
It was possible to assess associations between objectively measured MVPA and two potentially important and mostly unexplored components of physical activity (Variety and Frequency). Moreover, data were obtained from a large population based sample, aiding the external validity of these results. However, the population of Norfolk is not representative of the rest of the UK [36], and results should be generalised to other populations with caution.
Accelerometers cannot accurately record activities without vertical hip movement e.g. cycling, and they must be removed for water based activities, therefore physical activity may have been underestimated in children who regularly cycle or swim. The focus of this paper was MVPA so sedentary time and light activity were not incorporated into the main models. The analyses could be repeated with objectively measured sedentary time and light activity as the main outcomes of interest as there may be different associations with Variety and Frequency of specific sedentary and light activities.
Self-report questionnaires are limited in their accuracy for estimating physical activity intensity and duration [5] but they can provide information about activity type that is not yet easily available from accelerometers. By examining self-reported Variety and Frequency, but not duration of activity the recall bias resulting from self-reported duration of activity should be minimised. We assumed that children's ability to recall whether or not they participated in an activity may be more accurate than their recollection of activity duration. This is in line with the YPAQ being able to adequately rank children's physical activity [17]. The questionnaire presented a list of pre-specified activity categories with multiple activities in some items such as 'Basketball/volleyball'. Therefore, it is unavoidable that for some activities we lose detail about the specific activities that children participated in. Furthermore, the frequency of participation was reported in days per week with a maximum of '4 or more times' in the last seven days. This may result in under-reporting of activities which could be participated in on multiple days and also multiple times per day. We assumed that the 202 children who had less than 1/3rd of YPAQ data missing did not participate in activities with no response. Although this could have led to some error, the sensitivity analysis conducted excluding children with any missing YPAQ data, indicated that this assumption did not affect the results.
Only a small amount of the variance in objectively measured physical activity could be accounted for by self-reported Variety and Frequency. This could be partly because self-reported and objective physical activity was not assessed simultaneously. In addition, the YPAQ only asked about non-school activities, whereas objectively measured physical activity was determined over the whole day. This approach was chosen to inform the development of interventions aiming to facilitate children to increase their activity level over the whole day.
Variety and Frequency were calculated such that when children reported an extra activity (i.e. increased their Variety by one) they also reported at least one extra session (i.e. Increased their Frequency by at least one). Data were tested for multicollinearity and results indicated that it was acceptable to include Variety and Frequency in the same model and therefore the observed associations are unlikely to be artefacts due to the study design [34].
Future research
In future it may be possible to use novel technologies to objectively measure the types of activity being performed, allowing further exploration of the patterns and characteristics of physical activity mode to better inform the design and targeting of physical activity promotion strategies. Longitudinal research with objectively measured physical activity is also necessary to examine whether Variety and Frequency of activities in childhood are associated with activity maintenance, uptake and drop out throughout adolescence and adulthood [11].
Conclusion and public health implications
Given the wide range of activities reported and the apparent sex differences in participation it may be beneficial for future interventions and public health strategies promoting physical activity in children to allow scope for personal and sex specific activity preference. Furthermore, tailoring interventions to the physical activity characteristics within a target population may increase the chance of developing intervention programs that are acceptable, thus facilitating uptake and adoption. There was no evidence in 9–10 year old British children that activity Variety was associated with objectively measured MVPA independent of activity Frequency. Increasing the Frequency of existing activity or introducing new types of activity may therefore both be potential physical activity promotion strategies. However, longitudinal research is needed to examine whether both aspects of activity are similarly associated with activity maintenance.
MVPA: Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity; lnMVPA: Log-transformed moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity; SPEEDY: Sport, physical activity and eating behaviour: environmental determinants in young people; YPAQ: Youth physical activity questionnaire; BMI: Body mass index; VIF: Variance inflation factor.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
Study conception, design and data collection were conducted by SG, UE and EvS. The research question was defined by HB, KC and EvS. HB performed data analyses. HB and KC drafted the manuscript. All authors provided critical input on the data analyses and all versions of the manuscript, all authors approved the final version.
We would like to thank the schools, children and parents for their participation in the SPEEDY study. We also thank everyone who helped with the data collection and Norfolk Children's Services for their invaluable input and support. In addition, we thank Kate Westgate and Stefanie Mayle from the physical activity technical team at the MRC Epidemiology Unit for their assistance in processing the accelerometer data. The SPEEDY study is funded by the National Prevention Research Initiative http://www.npri.org.uk, consisting of the following Funding Partners: British Heart Foundation; Cancer Research UK; Department of Health; Diabetes UK; Economic and Social Research Council; Medical Research Council; Research and Development Office for the Northern Ireland Health and Social Services; Chief Scientist Office, Scottish Executive Health Department; Welsh Assembly Government and World Cancer Research Fund. HB, KC, SG and EvS are supported by UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), a UKCRC Public Health Research Centre of Excellence. Funding from the British Heart Foundation, Economic and Social Research Council, Medical Research Council, the National Institute for Health Research, and the Wellcome Trust, under the auspices of the UK Clinical Research Collaboration, is gratefully acknowledged; and KC, SG, UE and EvS are supported by the Medical Research Council [Unit Programme numbers; Behavioural Epidemiology of Physical Activity MC_UP_1001/2, Physical Activity MC_U106179473 and Prevention MC_U106179474]. The work is also supported by the University of Cambridge.
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Poems by Louise Glück. This PoetrySoup page contains a list of poems and links to Louise Glück poetry. Comment of this poet below.
Louise Elisabeth Glück (born 22 April 1943) is an American poet of Hungarian Jewish heritage. She was appointed Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress in 2003, after serving as a Special Bicentennial Consultant three years prior in 2000.. American poet; US Poet Laureate
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Carla Mauri showcase and autograph signing
Friday May 16th at 5PM, Carla Mauri will be at Las Americas, Veracruz for a show and autograph signing.
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- Network: VH1
- Series Premiere Date: May 31, 2010
- Summary: After the pilot aired in May, the show was delayed when Bret Michaels suffered a brain hemorrhage and minor stroke. The reality series focuses on his life with girlfriend Kristi and his two daughters.
- Genre(s): Reality, Game Show
- Season 1 premiere date: May 31, 2010
- Episode Length: 30
- Air Time: 10:00 PM
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Oct 25, 2010He may be tamer in this Life, but he's still sporting rocker charm--and a a bandanna. [22/29 Oct 2010, p.104]
Life is a cut above the rest because Michaels is facing major health issues every day. It might be that a near-death experience isn't enough to totally slow him down, but watching him try to apply the brakes while simultaneously revving his engine is a reality worth tuning into.
The show is scattered, slight and abominably self-promotional. But Michaels is so full of abundant - and infectious - good cheer that you tend to overlook these many faults. Fans will eat it up.
The series goes overboard on cutesy domestic details but as a Bret Bulletin, it should gratify and reassure his fans. [1 Nov 2010, p.42]
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What factors determine basal metabolic rate?
What factors determine basal metabolic rate?
Surface area of the individual, sex, thyroxine production, age, and emotions has all been shown to have an effect on BMR.
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March 2 is Dr. Seuss' birthday, giving many schools a chance to celebrate his works Friday.
Lindsey Elementary School in Warner Robins capped off 'Read Across America' week with a few guest readers and even served green eggs and ham for breakfast.
Houston County Schools superintendent Dr. Robin Hines was one of the school's visitors, and he took time to read a couple of books to the kids in Ms. Barnes' fifth grade class.
"Reading is important, and obviously it is. These kids do a great job. To read and use appropriate use of the English language is so important. It's going to help them on down the road, and these kids are well on their way, doing a great job," Hines says.
Read Across America Week is a national event.
If he were still alive, Saturday would be Dr. Seuss' 109th birthday.