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We held our latest GNU Radio Hackfest at Ettus Research last week, and it was one of our most successful yet. It was also our largest gathering of one of these week-long events with something like 25 people at the most (plus or minus since a few were Ettus employees so had to come and go as they could). We had a huge amount of code worked on during the week with contributions from all over the field to make the project better. We fixed a number of bugs and issues that we've been meaning to deal with for a while, and we saw a good amount of other advances to the project happen. We haven't updated the hackfest wiki page yet with our projects, but you can certainly look forward to a lot of the results and features in the next release next week.
Updates and updates and updates
This blog has been rather silent lately, but that's not because there's not enough to talk about in the GNU Radio world. In fact, there's simply been too much! We've been too busy with events, adding new features, improving old features, and adding new website info that I keep forgetting to update here.
First, you can see for yourself the things that have been going on with the GNU Radio Project at the Events page. We just had hackfest at TU Delft that went quite well followed by another successful SDR Dev Room at FOSDEM. A Couple of the videos for that event are already online.
Meanwhile, coming up, we have:
- A hackfest hosted by Ettus Research.
- A GNU Radio Hacking Workshop before NEWSDR (details to come).
- A FOSS and GNU Radio session at the Wireless@VT Symposium.
- SRIF 2015 with Mobicom (details to come).
- GRCon15 (we're very close to announcing a date and location).
And fred harris and I are teaching another SDR class with the UCLA Extension program.
We have also announced our plans for the 3.7.7 release of GNU Radio, which will now include VOLK as a separate library.
And the GNU Radio community has been working hard on improving our websites. We are near to a release of our new CGRAN website, which now ties in nicely with PyBOMBS and will help us keep up-to-date with everything better. And we are working on a new front page for gnuradio.org. You know how you've hated being dumped into that Redmine wiki page? Well, that will still hang around as the developer's portal, but we want our main page to be more user friendly and to address the GNU Radio project as a whole, including GRCon and other events and where to find users and use cases of GNU Radio.
Along with all of this, we've been working on a number of features. I'll spend more time on each of these later, but wanted to get the word out there.
- Support for GNU Radio applications on Android. I'm calling this an alpha release since there's still lots to do to make things work smoothly here.
- Reviving ControlPort functionality by using the Apache Thrift project. We're close to having this merged into master, but the branch is up on my github page.
- Providing improved packet-based and burst digital signals. Again, a work-in-progress with the branch up on my github page.
- Adding sample rate and timing info on a per-item basis in a flowgraph. This will allow a block to ask for the exact time stamp of any item, and it provides a global understanding of the sample rate of each block. The code on my public branch works, but I have a better idea how to handle things when sample rates change during runtime.
- Improving our QA testing and continuous integration services. I've been rolling out a Jenkins server in my office (for now) that manages a handful of different nodes for different purposes. I have a box with the minimum dependencies we require for GNU Radio to make sure we're not moving past them as well as testing on various other things like OS X and 64/32-bit installs. And I even have a system testing our embedded SDK cross-compiler with on-board testing of the QA to see what breaks there. This will help ease my mind of missing something or overlooking some problems. I'll get weekly reports but can also kick off these tests whenever we need to get a state of the project.
I think that wraps up the main points of the project that we're working on. I'll update again with details of some of these projects when they've rolled out more fully, especially on the Android, ControlPort, the website, and GRCon items.
FOSDEM Schedule is Up
We've a fantastic lineup for FOSDEM this year, so check it out and plan accordingly.
European Hackfest hosted by TU Delft
If you follow GNU Radio at all, I'm sure you've heard about our Hackfests. This is where a lot of GNU Radio developers get together for a few days to a week at a time and hack out GNU Radio code. We've found these fantastic ways to improve the project as it gives us time to plan, discuss specific topics, hang out and get to know each other, and code code code! A large amount of the code making up GNU Radio has either come directly from or been inspired by these events.
Mostly, we've done these in the US. Ettus Research has been a fantastic host to a number of our hackfests as has Virginia Tech. Just recently, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology hosted a mini hackfest right after the WSR and a full hackfest a few months later. These were our first events held in Europe, and though I personally missed the second one, the post-WSR hackfest was great fun and hugely successful.
Following up on this, I wanted to announce and give a pre-emptive thanks to TU Delft in the Netherlands who has agreed to host a hackfest early next year! The plan is to hold the hackfest on TU Delft campus during the last week of January so that we can go straight from Delft to Brussels for FOSDEM that weekend (partly assuming that we have an SDR dev room at FOSDEM again this year). I think having these two events back-to-back is, pardon the Irish, going to be great craic.
Want to come to the hackfest? We certainly don't want to discourage anyone, but I also want to point out that the hackfests are usually smallish affairs of 10 to 20 developers, usually people heavily involved in either writing or using GNU Radio regularly. So the facilities are on the small side to fit us, and you're on your own for housing, food, transportation, etc. But, if this is something that excites you and you can make it to Delft, please let me know if you'd like to come. Just shoot me an email. And if you don't know my email address, then you probably haven't been using GNU Radio that much :p
Release of 3.7.4
Well, I mentioned it here a few weeks ago and last week we did it. GNU Radio version 3.7.4 is now out and about. We're really happy with the release for a number of reasons. If you take a look at the release notes, you can see not only a lot of new features we've added on, but also the huge number of contributors. So not only are we feeling really good about the project itself, we have a great community of users that are doing really neat things and helping us improve our code. So a huge hand and big thanks to everyone!
I think that the release notes give you the basic idea of what's going on in this version, including ZeroMQ blocks for improved connections between networked flowgraphs over the UDP or TCP sources/sink, better QTGUI handling, and some nice improvements to the GRC interface. Also, as I mentioned in my last post, we now have our new FEC API concept included in gr-fec. Oh, and on that last note, we're very close to having some of the LDPC work done during last summer's GSoC integrated with the FEC API so we can all start to use it in our flowgraphs!
The good work is never done, though. We still have so much we can and want to do in this project, and so we've already started laying out some ideas and plans for release 3.7.5. There's some really fun work going on in GRC that I think everyone's going to love, and we're going to be one step closer to defaulting everything to QTGUI (don't worry! WXGUI will have a long lifetime as we migrate over!). We haven't made the full decision, yet, whether to switch the GRC defaults to QTGUI in this next release of wait until 3.7.6. I think we'll make that decision about midway through this release cycle to make sure we have enough time at get the development branch settled on that before the release.
Now, no guarantees, but I'm hoping we can get 3.7.5 out in time for GRCon14. That's a bit shorter than our normal time period between versions, but then again, we took a bit of extra time before 3.7.4. I think that it'd be nice going into the conference with a brand new version, plus a lot of features like some of the QTGUI and GRC updates are already done. We'll see what things look like by the end of August if it really makes sense to get 3.7.5 out the door by the conference.
Finally, I've said it elsewhere, and probably on other posts on this blog, but just a quick mention of 3.8. We have started collecting some ideas on what we're looking for with 3.8, but we haven't made any substantial efforts on it, yet. We're going to stick with 3.7 for a while longer because we feel like we're able to get a lot of work done with this API version without having to move on. In 3.8 we plan on updating our dependency list so we can be a little more free with features from our dependency libraries, and it'll help us fix a few holes we have in the runtime API that's causing some bugs that we've been tracking. But there's nothing really pushing us to a new API, yet, unlike our previous few API releases where we had some big changes. Instead, all of our big changes are all coming in our "minor" releases. But the only thing minor about it is our version naming scheme!
Update and 3.7.4
It's been a while since I've provided an update. Lots of travel, both work and otherwise, has kept me from letting everyone know what's been going on in GNU Radio. So let me see if I can start to fix that.
I think that our most interesting and fun development was the success of the ISEE-3 reboot team, including our own Balint Seeber (ok, so he's technically with Ettus, but for all of his work with GNU Radio, I'll claim him; at least partially) and John Malsbury. This was an incredibly cool and successful project, and Balint, John, and the rest of the reboot team have done and continue to do an amazing job. I'm not going to try and poorly rehash the work here. But there's been plenty of articles written on the effort and the links provided above here will give you a much better review of what happened and how.
In other news, we're close to releasing GNU Radio 3.7.4. I was really happy with our 3.7.3 release a few months ago, and this next release continues to strengthen the project. We have a lot more support and have debugged a few issues with the message passing infrastructure. I see the use of the message passing system as a growing trend in GNU Radio, especially for control and updating parameters of blocks.
Another development is a massive update and improvement to gr-atsc. While the original work here was great, it was based on GNU Radio ideas and capabilities from probably 10 years ago or so. Andrew Davis and Johnathan Corgan have done a wonderful job bringing this up to date and improving its speed and stability. This is part of a trend that we're working on (hopefully in the next version release) for more support of other digital TV standards, both transmitter and receiver code. Keep an eye out for gr-dtv in the near future.
A huge part of my work recently has been in the integration, development, documentation, and building examples for our new FEC API that is now a part of gr-fec. Historically, GNU Radio hasn't done a very good job with managing or allowing use of forward error correction (FEC) techniques. It's a difficult problem to solve to allow us to easily integrate different types of FECs in transmitters and receivers, either for streaming or packet-based communication links. Each FEC has different properties and conditions for use in the different types of comms links, and they can have different input/output data types that they are built to work with. The new FEC API that's been introduced allows us to handle these situations more seamlessly within a GNU Radio flowgraph.
The new gr-fec includes FEC encoders and decoders for a convolutional code (K=7, Rate=1/2, polynomials=[79, 109]) that has been highly optimized with SIMD (through VOLK), a repetition code that simply repeats each bit N times, and a dummy code that actually does no coding but provides a simple mechanism to use and study the API. We are also providing different blocks, called "deployments" in the FEC API, that allow us to make use of these encoders/decoders in streaming, tagged stream, and PDU message-passing flowgraphs. I was able to use the convolutional code FEC encoder and decoder in the gr-mac project for full network communications between multiple computers. This work can be found in the "fec_gmsk" branch of my fork of gr-mac.
The GNU Radio manual covers the API and deployments in a fair amount of depth. Obviously, you can always build the docs yourself with GNU Radio, but the main manual page on gnuradio.org will be updated to include this when 3.7.4 is released. Likewise, there are examples for the use of the codes and deployments that are distributed and installed with GNU Radio.
So that's just a brief review of what we've been up to the past few months. There are plenty of little fixes, tweaks, and additions that we've been making to the code base in this time that I've left out. But I'm really pleased with the progress and rate of progress we've been making lately. Lots of new, good stuff to help us fill a few gaps in capabilities we've had.
GRCon14 Agenda Posted
Earlier today, John Malsbury posted the following to the GNU Radio mailing list:
It's been a few weeks since our last update on GRCon14. Here's the latest:
Conference Agenda is Posted
I am happy and proud to announce that the agenda for GNU Radio Conference 2014 has been posted. We received an variety of great, high-quality proposals on topics ranging from wireless security to satellite communications and networking. Tom Rondeau and Michael Dickens spent a great deal of time sorting through the presentations and assembling an agenda that is packed full of interesting and educational content. While some minor details may change, you can find an up-to-date agenda at the following link. If you are a presenter and need to modify your entry, please contact Michael Dickens to do so.
Help Promote GNU Radio Conference
On another note its worth mentioning that we have been keeping a pulse on registration. Based on the current run rate, we believe that this is going to be the largest GNU Radio conference, by far.
With the conference agenda assembled and great forward momentum, we would like to ask this awesome community to help us promote this event. GRCon14 is on the verge of becoming one of the largest and most influential events with a focus on SDR and wireless implementation. With a community-driven effort, we could really put ourselves on the map this year and generate even more excitement with potential users and developers.
Whether you simply remind your fellow GNU Radio developer, or invite someone new to join us for this event, we think your enthusiasm for the event is the thing that will make the difference.
Register for the Event
If you would like to register for GRCon14, follow this link:
We look forward to seeing you in September!
Best Regards,
John Malsbury
GNU Radio Conference Chair
Release 3.7.3 and the WSR Hackfest
In case you missed the announcement, we've released version 3.7.3 of GNU Radio!
We're really pretty excited about this release. If you look at the news announcement or our changelog, you can see that we had many contributors to this release. It's also about a month overdue from our normal (though unspecified) timeline. But the result is something that we are really happy with.
One thing that strikes me with all of the contributions on this one is the amount people are really using GNU Radio for interesting stuff. They are testing all sorts of use cases, corner cases, and types of cases we don't yet have names for. Hard to find all of those issues without that kind of testing and use. So I feel good about the state of where we are with this version.
And then came the Workshop on Software Radio (WSR) in Karlsruhe. I presented two papers. The first was from Tim O'Shea and myself on our work on gr-benchmark and stats.gnuradio.org, and the second was on using our polyphase filterbank blocks in GNU Radio.
Following WSR, however, was our first European GNU Radio Hackfest. It was two and a half days and went brilliantly. Lots of fun, lots of good discussion, and lots of code written (and rewritten). There were a number of issues posted and pull requests made for new features or minor issues. In a way, it's a shame that some of these didn't make it into our 3.7.3 release, but we can't just keep waiting, so these will all make it into 3.7.4. I think we're just seeing a lot of interest and energy with the project and so we have to mark some time to get the releases out when we can.
We've logged our work from the hackfest as we always do. And I believe I have taken care of all issues and pull requests, so you'll find all the new (working and available stuff) already in the GNU Radio master branch.
Specifically, it was important to wrap up the loose ends of that hackfest as quickly as possible because we're heading right into our next hackfest at Ettus Research next week in California! So I expect more great stuff to come soon.
GRCon14 Announced!
We are really pleased to announce GRCon14. We've selected the location (a beautiful building right in the center of downtown DC) and time (Sept. 16 - 18). The call for presentations is already up, and we already have a submission! With John Malsbury leading the effort and help from Michael Dickens, this is definitely shaping up to be a fantastic conference.
Keep a look-out for news because we'll be opening up registration very soon.
Just on my way to FOSDEM (fosdem.org). I've never been, and I'm really looking forward to it, especially with the software radio dev room we have on Sunday.
We've been working hard on a lot of stuff in GNU Radio, as usual, and I hope to be able to show off some of this over the weekend. Here's some of the gear I'm bringing with me to hack on while we're there.
Boarded my flight. Be seeing some of you in Brussels!
GNU Radio 3.7.2! New Logo! Anything else?!
New GNU Radio Logo
If you don't regularly visit gnuradio.org or this site, you might just now be noticing something new about things. Just yesterday, we updated our webpages and announced the new GNU Radio project's logo!
You can download the logo directly through the github page or using git itself. The README in this repo also explains the licesning and usage of the logo (tl;dr: please use it for any of your purpsoses but don't alter it). Here's my email to the GNU Radio community announcing it:
I want to thank Johnathan Corgan, Ben Hilburn, Martin Braun, and John Malsbury for acting as steering commity to provide feedback for the different logo designs we received.
We used the website 99designs to host the design competition, and the process went smoothly with an easy-to-use website and responsive and helpful staff. We received in the end 419 submissions for designs from 98 designers, which was well more than we envisioned and made the selection incredibly difficult.
GNU Radio 3.7.2
Another exciting development in the GNU Radio project is that we recently relased version 3.7.2 of the software. Although it's a minor version number change, take a look at the release notes to see how much we actually put into this release. I'm personally excited about the new modifications to the gr-qtgui time sinks that display stream tags and triggering support. New features that I find myself not being able to do without once I started using them.
What else? Well, lots...
But I'll try to keep this short. We have tons going on in the GNU Radio ecosystem right now that's all really exciting. One thing is that I feel personally "caught up" with the code. We have a couple of big ticket items in the early stages of development and a handful of bugs that we still need to addres, but the core of the software is pretty solid for the time being. What this means is that it's now time to really work on the other aspects of the project. Mostly, this has to do with developing the GNU Radio Working Groups.
The WGs have already been an incredible gift to the project. We're seeing a great amount of participation and interest with these groups, and that doesn't look like it's going to stop. And we've already had significant contributions on the Community Development WG such as enhancements to GRC. And yesterday, we had a Google Hangout to discuss issues of improving the website, documentation, and FAQ pages to help new users get up to speed faster.
Thanks to everyone for participating and helping out!
Last week was GNU Radio's third annual conference, GRCon13. I've made some personal comments over on my blog page, but I wanted to say thank you again to everyone who came and made this a great conference. I'd like to thank John Malsbury for his significant efforts this year to make it a great conference and Johnathan Corgan for his input throughout the year. And once again, a huge thanks to our sponsors.
Almost all of the presentations are available. You can see the agenda page to quickly link to specific talks or head straight to the presentations page to download them. There are also links there to find the wiki pages for the GNU Radio Working Group discussions and work done at the Hackfest.
This year renewed my belief that we're working in the right direction, and I'm now even more excited for what we can do with GNU Radio this year. And of course, we'll catch up on all of this at next years GRCon14!
GRCon13 is Almost Here
Over the past week, we've been really gearing up GRCon13. It's just less than a month away! The important news right now is:
- We have announced the agenda, which includes a number of areas of talks and shows a very strong program.
- We have had a lot of buy-in from the SDR hardware vendors and will be giving away hardware at the end of the conference.
The abstracts for most of the talks are also available if you want to know more about any one. Many of the abstracts for the tutorial talks are not yet up but will be over the next few days.
GNU Radio is a huge project in both the in-tree code as well as the growing number of out-of-tree projects. We have two main issues with the installation and use of GNU Radio that follow from this:
- Lots of dependencies with different projects, and each may have different levels of difficult to install on various systems.
- Lots of out-of-tree projects that can do incredible stuff but are difficult to know about, find, and install.
PyBOMBS is a new GNU Radio package manager that helps solve both problems. For the past year of so, Marcus Leech has provided the brilliant 'build-gnuradio' script, which went a long way to solving problem 1. It was, however, and not to demean it's impact, just a shell script designed for apt-get (Debian, Ubuntu) and yum (Red Hat, Fedora) Linux systems only. It could be fragile and required a lot of upkeep from Marcus. It also did little to solve the second problem of providing access to the OOT projects.
CGRAN is an attempt to solve the second problem. I still support the idea of CGRAN as an archive and a site to promote the existence of different OOT projects. But users would still have to search through the archive to find projects and then figure out how to install them. The other problem is that various projects would be out of date with GNU Radio versions, which isn't always clear.
PyBOMBS addresses both problem, and we are slowly trying to move everyone over to using it. For one thing, Marcus has declared his intent to stop working on build-gnuradio, and secondly, there's a strong, developing community of OOT projects that we want to help support. And while supporting and providing easy access to OOT project, we also provide some guarantee that a project that is included as a PyBOMBS recipe is built against and works with the version of GNU Radio that PyBOMBS installs.
That's the main intent of PyBOMBS, and we encourage people to use it and submit new recipes for their OOT projects. You can find out more information about how to use it on the PyBOMBS Redmine development page.
I also leave you with a link to Ben Hilburn's really nice peice on PyBOMBS and why he's excited about it for the GNU Radio community.
The 3.7.0 Release
Strangely, I seem to be the last to report our first major release of the 3.7 GNU Radio branch. We've been working on it for over a year and a half and it represents some serious improvements both structurally and stylistically. But luckily other's weren't as lax as I was in promoting the good news.
GNU Radio releases 3.7.0 and 18.104.22.168 available for download http://t.co/KFkfz5aY6k http://t.co/RHNwnryjmi #gnuradio #sdr— GNU Radio Project (@gnuradio) July 3, 2013
First major GNU Radio (free SDR software) release in 1 1/2 years http://t.co/QJo48wy1MJ— Steve Crowley (@StevenJCrowley) July 7, 2013
In the development of 3.7, we have introduced so many new and powerful features of GNU Radio that it's hard to keep track of them. Let me just try to list off a few:
- Message passing interface and easy Python access
- ControlPort
- Performance Counters and Performance Monitor
- VOLK (been here for a while, but a new structure in 3.7 makes significant improvements)
- A full logging API
- Metadata files and sources/sinks to work with them
- Block thread affinity (and thread priority)
- Tagged stream blocks
- New and improved OFDM implementation (and in GRC)
- Improved support for packet data transmission
Each of these items deserves its own write-up. Luckily, another major improvement in our work on 3.7 is a lot more documentation. The main GNU Radio manual (our 'Doxygen' manual) has more and more pages dedicated to explaining these features such as how to use the API and examples of using them in your own code or application. So keep an eye out for improvements in the documentation as we move forward with 3.7.
The Vision for 3.7
It took us a year and a half to produce 3.7. In some respects, that feels like a fairly long time between an API release like this. And we felt that, too, when the 'master' and 'next' development branches were diverging so much and so quickly that we couldn't merge one into the other without major conflicts. But on the other hand, with so many changes and new features, we needed to make sure we had everything where it needed to be before a release.
That having been said, I'm going to say now that we probably won't see a 3.8 for about as long, maybe even longer. One of the drawbacks to all of this new stuff in the code is that we tend to leave people behind. The API changes alone are going to take a lot of projects some time to update their code. And it will also take a lot of time, documentation, and examples to help use the new features. So while we will continue to innovate and push forward with new stuff in an ongoing effort to improve GNU Radio, we are also increasingly interested in building and helping to build new applications that take advantage of all of the new features and improvements. There will be a lot more writing, examples, and example applications being written this year towards this end.
Major Milestone in v3.7 Progress
Earlier this week, we finished converting all of the main blocks over to the new 3.7 style and top-level components. We still haven't fully addressed gr-atsc and gr-shd, but I'm holding off on those two right now on purpose.
The main win here is that you will only see minor changes in which modules you pull blocks in from. Any changes now are bug fixes, but they will be minor and easily corrected. So you can now rebuild your Python and GRC flowgraphs around the 'next' branch, and you should be pretty much good to go.
Note that we've removed an 'blocks' from gnuradio-core. So now, the only things you pull in from the Python gr. module are data structure sizes, the top block, message queue stuff, and similar. If it's a block, it's now located in one of the other blocks. We'll try to post our spreadsheet of where each block is now, but hopefully we've done it so it's pretty intuitive. And if you don't know where something should be, it's probable in gr-blocks (from gnuradio import blocks).
We're really starting to close in on the release of 3.7, so the major churn from our users' perspective should be slowing down.
Configuring ControlPort
We've just pushed some new code to the 'next' branch for better control over ControlPort. Part of this was to make using configuration/preference files more easily and widely used in GNU Radio. While we've had a bunch of configuration files installed, we only really used them for some audio and wxgui parameters. I think we might start using them more heavily in the future for better control over how GNU Radio works, especially now that we're adding a lot of new features that need a finer touch to handle.
First, a word on the preference files. These get installed by default into ${prefix}/etc/gnuradio/conf.d. Each component has its own, but we actually treat it as a flattened list of sections and options (and so we have to be careful that we don't duplicate section and option names). These config files would be system-wide defaults. However, any option can be overwritten for a user by making a [HOME]/.gnuradio/config.conf file. Just duplicate the section name and the option name in this file, and it will take precedence over the system file.
For example, gnuradio-core.conf has a section [ControlPort] and an option "on". This toggles ControlPort on/off. Say by default we want to keep ControlPort off (which is how GNU Radio is installed be default now). So our /opt/etc/gnuradio/conf.d/gnuradio-core.conf file has the "on" option set to "Off" (or False, or 0). But a particular user wants to use ControlPort. So he would create a file /home/me/.gnuradio/config.conf and put in the following:
[ControlPort] on = True
And then next time GNU Radio is launched, this preference is read and ControlPort is turned on.
As a side note, we can also control any preference with the use of environmental variables. Just take the section name and option name and convert them into all caps with underscores between them. Then append "GR_CONF_" to it and you have your variable name. Set this to whatever you'd like. So our user me above could use "export GR_CONF_CONTROLPORT_ON=True" to manipulate that setting.
But back to the main point here. ControlPort can now be easily configured based on any configuration parameters available through ICE. We have a section:option in gnuradio-core.conf called "ControlPort:config" that points to the ICE configuration file location. I've made a really simple example that you can find installed at ${prefix}/etc/gnuradio/ctrlport.conf.example. This just shows you the format of creating a specific endpoint, like:
ControlPort.Endpoints = tcp -t 300 -h 127.0.0.1 -p 23456
Why would this be important? Well, by default ControlPort doesn't know which interface or ports you want to use in your setup, so it defaults to opening a random port on all possible interfaces. This is good because it makes it easy and is the right behavior when no one knows any better, but it is also bad for two reasons. First, it's a security risk to open a random port on all of your machines network interfaces. Second, you probably want to know which port you are using so that you can connect remotely, possibly through a firewall. Setting specific endpoints allows us to control where ControlPort is exposed and on what port. And, frankly, it's about time.
By the way, most of what I've discussed here is also available in the Doxygen manual that you can build off the code in master/next (and will be made available online with the next release).
Block Core Affinity
I just pushed an update to master/next of GNU Radio that allows us to specifically set the affinity of a block to a particular core. We can do this pretty easily because each block is its own thread in the Thread-Per-Block scheduler, so really what we are doing is setting the thread affinity.
The reason to introduce this behavior is to help us start developing an understanding of GNU Radio on many-core machines. For example, we've been contacted by the Parallella project, and this kind of functionality might be crucial to working well on that platform. On most current systems, we can talk about multi-core, which are a small (up to a dozen or two) number of the same types of processors with shared memory and local cache. The OS scheduler probably does a fantastic job with scheduling the threads in this situations, and kernels like Linux have alternative scheduling strategies we can use for specific purposes. But in a many-core system where we have heterogeneous cores and maybe different access to memory transfers or DMA to IO devices, the ability to selectively choose which cores to run on may be more important. Think about a situation where you want your UHD source block to run on the core that has the closest/fastest access to the GigE system. I'm not saying that this will actually work or help in these scenarios, but it's worth it to make this kind of research and experimentation available.
The API for this is pretty straight-forward, and block affinity can be set before and during the flowgraph run. On a given block, you just call the function 'set_processor_affinity(
Notice that the function takes a list (a Python list or a C++ vector of ints), so you can set the affinity to a group of cores if you want. There's an example of how to use this in gnuradio-core/src/examples/mp-sched/affinity_set.py. When you run it, watch your CPU usage monitor(s). This runs two gigantic filters that are designed to take up most of a core, one is set to core 0 and the other is set to either core 0 or 1. As long as at least 1 of the cores specified is present, the system will just use that, so this example will run even on single-core machines (but I have not tested this behavior in Windows). On systems with 2 or more cores, core 0 will be largely taken up by the first filter. The second filter could use core 0, but will likely be scheduled to use core 1.
One thing to note: this is not fully cross-platform. Setting thread affinity seems to be a delicate subject and not fully supported. In fact, the pthread library call pthread_setaffinity_np has that suffix 'np' to specify that it is implicitly non-portable. The GNU Radio Utilities and Etc. Library (GRUEL) has been updated to provide abstracted calls for the different OSes that we support for this. Right now, we have Linux and Windows support. I tried to get OSX support, but their API isn't exactly what we are looking for (they are interested in sharing cache lines, not specifically tying a thread to a core). So until things change, our GRUEL thread affinity calls in OSX are nops.
In the Doxygen manual, look for the Related Pages page named 'Block Thread Affinity' for more details.
Project Updates
As always, we've been hard at work on extending and improving the features in GNU Radio. This is just a quick update on a few of the things we've been working on recently.
First, I have been adding specific pages to the Doxygen Manual that catalogue and describe certain features and functions of GNU Radio. You can find these in the "Related Pages" section. They feature discussions and examples for how to use some of the features in GNU Radio that might not otherwise be obvious. I like this model since it keeps the documentation of the code directly integrated into the code and the build system. You can always have a local copy of the manual for your version. We're also not trying, then, to keep multiple versions of code documentation all over the place.
Today, to make things easier, I expanded our Documentation section on the main GNU Radio webpage to directly link to some of these pages. I'm not sure how many others have found them or are using them already, but I wanted to make sure it was easy to what was available and where to locate the information.
The other thing that I wanted to mention today is the work that's been done on the QTGUI blocks. These are visualization tools for signals in GNU Radio. We've been significantly improving them over the past few months.
The first major improvement has been to add direct user control over the parameters while operating live. The figure below shows a screenshot of the gr-qtgui example *pyqt_freq_c.py*. First, notice the overall color scheme. This is based of the ability to use QT style sheets that can define the look of a QTGUI app. In this running example, I right-clicked outside of the curve canvas itself (where right-click means to unzoom) to pull up the menu. As you can see, the menu allows us to adjust a number of parameters. Some of these are available in all plotters, but others are specific to the type of plot (the FFT size or averaging would be meaningless in a time domain or constellation plot). In this figure, I have adjusted the color of line 'Data 0' to red, increased the width of the other two lines, changed the FFT size to 512, and turned on averaging. I then stopped the graph and tool a screen shot to make this image (notice, though, that there is a 'Save' option in the drop-down menu; this saves the current plot, but it would not have included the menu information).
I would encourage anyone using the QTGUI plotters to play around in these menus to understand the kind of flexibility we now have while looking at signals.
Finally, before this post gets too much longer, I wanted to also note that we have just added a new QTGUI plotter to do time raster plots. These types of plots show samples in time, line by line, so both x and y axes are in time. This is often used for looking at data and packet structure. The GNU Radio plotters can accept multiple signals in that are then plotted as an overlay. The intensity is then shown as the sum of the samples, so it will be higher when then overlap and lower when they are different.
The figure below shows the output of the example pyqt_time_raster_b.py that is shipped with GNU Radio. It has one signal that has 10 zeros, then 80 bits of alternating ones and zeros, and then ended with another 10 zeros. Another signal is then overlaid on top that just has a pattern of 3 one part-way into the vector. These vectors are then repeated. We can see the bright white stripe is where we get the 3 ones from signal 1 on top of the samples in signal 0.
Also note the diagonal. We draw these figures on a grid of a number of rows and number of columns. If we had 100 columns in this example, the samples would be plotted in straight columns. But in many situations where these types of plots are useful, we may have some fractional offset we want to handle. This example is showing us that we can set the number of columns to 100.25, so there's a quarter bit overlap between rows that causes this diagonal. Using the drop-down menu, we can adjust the number of columns to 100 to get what we see below.
Update on Filter Design Tool
Some quick work between myself and (mostly) Sreeraj helped me realize something that I instantly wanted to do with his new API for using gr_filter_design. I just wanted to publicize it here.
The gr_filter_design tool nicely ties into Python and GNU Radio projects. We launch the filter design tool from the program and can have it return the resulting filter to us in the code to use directly with our filters. Sreeraj also adds a callback function, so that every time the filter design is updated, this callback function is called and it is passed the filter object.
So what did I want to do? I wanted to do a live update of the filter on a live signal. So we built up an example (found in gr-filter/examples/gr_filtdes_live_upd.py) that constructs a simple flowgraph. Two sinusoids are created at different frequencies, some channel noise is added to them, then they are passed through a filter and finally displayed on a QT GUI. The filter starts of with just a single tap of 1, so it's really not doing any filtering.
We then have a function called 'update_filter' that is used as the callback function with the filter design tool. So when you run this program, both the filter design tool and the QT GUI window showing the signal pop up. Whenever we design a new filter, we can immediately see the effects on the real signal that's running through GNU Radio. I've put a screen shot of both windows below.
This image shows the original signal (we've just been storing the maximum value at all FFT points since the start, so we turn on that plot curve) and the new signal through our filter. In this static case, I just designed a band-reject filter around the higher frequency.
Here's another fun experiment that I did. I first created a simple low-pass filter, so the higher frequency signal was rejected but the lower frequency wasn't. I then used the pole-zero plot to move around a couple of the poles onto the unit circle. Setting two of them at the right phase orientation allowed me to put zeros at the frequency of the lower signal. We can see that we've almost cancelled that one out now, too. I used two because the accuracy of getting just a single zero on the correct frequency was too great, so putting two around it allowed me to hit it pretty good with a null in the filter.
Really good fun (if signal processing is within your definition of fun). Also, really instructive and educational. Seeing how these filters behave as we update their parameters and poles and zeros can really help you learn what's going on with the signal processing.


text:
Staff Reporter
Bus driver, cleaner killed; two pedestrians run over
BANGALORE: Four persons were killed in a collision between a private bus and a milk tanker on Hosur Road (NH 7) on the outskirts of the city in Attibele police station limits on Wednesday.
The driver and cleaner of the bus were burnt alive as the vehicle caught fire, and two pedestrians were killed after they came under the wheels of the tanker. People broke open the windows of the bus and rescued around 35 passengers.
The police said that around 6.15 a.m., the tanker driver had suddenly taken a U-turn near Goodwill Circle on Hosur Road without switching on the indicators. When the bus rammed the tanker, its fuel tank was damaged and diesel spilled over the road and the bus.
Sparks flew from the tanker's batteries, which were damaged in the collision, and the bus caught fire.
Employees of Hotel Guestline who were returning home after night shift broke open the windows and rescued the passengers. Some passengers suffered minor injuries.
The front portion of the bus was totally mangled, and driver Suresh Kumar and cleaner I. Bhagyarajan were caught under the steering wheel. Efforts made by the public to pull them out were in vain. The bus went up in flames and the two were burnt alive, the police said.
After the collision, the tanker veered and ran over two pedestrians, killing them on the spot. The identity of the two men, suspected to be factory workers, was not known, the police said.
Fire tenders
Fire tenders could not arrive on time as they had to reach from Bangalore. By the time two fire tenders reached the spot, the bus was almost gutted. The tanker was partly burnt, the police said.
The Attibele Police in Bangalore Rural district, who have registered a case, are on the lookout for the tanker driver who ran away after the accident.
The bus, belonging to KPN Travels (India) Ltd. here, was coming to Bangalore from Velankani in Tamil Nadu. It was carrying milk from the Heritage Dairy situated in the industrial area on Hosur Road. Traffic was affected on Hosur Road for nearly an hour following the accident, the police said.
The police said property worth several lakhs of rupees in the bus had been gutted. Several suitcases and bags containing clothes and other costly articles were in the rear cabin of the bus.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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text:
John Ryker appears in 8 issues in this volume.
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Snake Eyes, Part 1
March 2000
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The Dogs of War, Part 1
May 2000
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The Dogs of War, Part 2
June 2000
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The Dogs of War, Part 3
July 2000
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The Dogs of War, Part 4: Codename: Flux
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The Dogs of War, Part 5
September 2000
Issue #19
The Dogs of War, Part 6
October 2000
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The Dogs of War, Part 7
November 2000
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|Food and water Discussion on food and water storage, water purification and related topics.
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If you've got the money for an AA, then get one. Your only dilemma at this point should be size. I bought a cheap presto canner a couple years ago and have no issues with it, but will be buying an AA soon for all the reasons already stated. (the presto is slow to cool, has wearign parts etc...)
When I first started I researched this I concluded that the All-American, because it didn't require a gasket, was the most SHTF-robust there is.
And it is. I thought about buying extra gaskets for a Presto, wasn't sure how well they would last over time. Perhaps someone has more experience with that.
However, this is one of those things--like with the Country Living Grain Mill--where you have to ask whether you're better off buying a couple Wondermill Jrs and having change left, or buying a tank like the CLGM.
Same deal--All American, or a couple of Prestos with an extra gasket or two? If the gaskets can last years and extra ones won't degrade, then the Prestos are a more cost-effective solution (plus you can run two at a time).
At least there's a choice.
Beat the native search function: Type "site:survivalistboards.com" in Google's search box, followed by search parameters. You can use normal conventions, limit by date, etc.
There actually is an official survival guide, but you have to write it yourself - and edit it as the situation changes - and revise it as you learn from your mistakes - and start all over again when things change again. (AceScanner)
|The Following 2 Users Say Thank You to goose3 For This Useful Post:
I'll chime in with everyone else about the All American canner. Early this spring I also purchased the AA that does 14 quarts at one time. Really cut down my time spent pressure canning.
Have used it three times so far and the lids is still difficult to remove, but I suspect it will seat in the near future. Love it!
Sure beats the gasket Presto model I was using. I think I spent about $300.00 for mine from amazon.com. and American made.
I can't say anything bad about my seven quart Presto pressure canner. I've had it for a long time, have a spare gasket for it but has never needed changed.
I do have another regular Presto pressure "cooker" I've had for years and have had to replace the gasket a couple of times. I think pressure cooking food shortens the life span of the gasket.
It's nice having the big jobber when the tomato's and green beans come in, and convenient to have the small Presto for smaller jobs. Best of both worlds!
|The Following User Says Thank You to Dennis1209 For This Useful Post:
Digging this one up from the grave
I'm going to be the outlier and suggest the 941. I have the 930 because that seemed like the sweet spot for output vs dollars, but I was wrong. 32 pints in a 941 is better than 14 quarts in the 930 due to a shorter processing time and less loss of texture in your final product, not to mention it's easier to size your portions when using pints vs quarts.
I'm going to suck it up some time in the next few years and invest in a 941 to go with my 930, and triple my throughput of meals in the same amount of time.
|The Following User Says Thank You to peak_oil For This Useful Post:
If you are on a tight budget a Presto 23 quart is a good reliable pressure cooker.
I have owned several.
That being said, if you want one that will outlast you, your children & theirs.
Absolutely go with an AA, the bigger the better & I would suggest a 925 as a small one & a 941 as a BIG one.
They are a work horse & so long as you treat them right, they literally will last forever.
Below are a few pictures of AA's I have owned & several I still do.
All of mine are equipped with the Sterilizer valves
They don't release steam, unless you over pressure them to around 21 pounds.
Then, they whistle like a like a steam engine.
Its dangerous to be right, when the government is wrong. The price of freedom can be seen at your local VA hospital.
|The Following User Says Thank You to bunkerbuster For This Useful Post:
Always line up the notches or arrows & put the lid on the same way every time.
Tighten 12 o'clock down snug, them 6 o'clock snug, then 9 o'clock snug, then 3 o'clock down snug.
That settles the lid on evenly, then tighten the remainder clockwise or counter clock wise however you like.
If it still doesn't seat well, as suggested use a little olive oil around the inner rim when you start.
If that doesn't help, use some very very fine grit emery paper & lightly rub the inner downslope of the pot rim to smooth out any tiny spot that might be causing it to bind, then apply olive oil & go again.
Its dangerous to be right, when the government is wrong. The price of freedom can be seen at your local VA hospital.
At first the gaskets did deteriorate (absorbed oil and stretched out of shape). But they changed the composition, and I haven't changed a gasket in 18 years or so.
Can't say anything bad about Presto pressure cookers (st. st.).
|The Following User Says Thank You to jetgraphics For This Useful Post:
I have a Presto, and I am happy with it. I think I paid $60 at Walmart for it 6 years ago. I have done probably close to 2000 jars with it. I have replaced the gasket once.
Mine will hold 7 quarts, 10-11 pints (Depending on the brand of jars), and I think 13 or 14 1/2 pints. I don't often do 1/2 pints.
At one time I would have loved to have gotten a larger All American canner, one that could do double the amount. But I honestly don't think I'd use all the extra space.
I did tomatoes last night, for example. I got 4 1/2 quarts of tomato broth and 3 quarts of sauce. And that's generally about what I get in a full batch, which just fills up my canner (and the 1/2 quart went in the fridge).
When canning goes full blast, and I have bushels of apples, or grapes, or green beans coming out of my ears, or tomatoes piling up... just enough jars to fill up the canner is mostly all I can do at a time. I do green beans in pints, and while I have one load starting, the time it takes for that to be done is just enough time for me to get the next batch ready to go.
He thought it was an impressive piece of equipment, that just reinforced his feeling.
I made the same choice you're looking at, with this exception: I bought the 921. A little more capacity, which if you're serious about switching away from commercially-canned food, I think you're going to want. So if I were you, I'd look at the larger capacity.
We have one of those stoves w/ the glass top and the elements underneath; supposedly that's a problem w/ heavy canners on them, but I didn't have any problem, and called the company and they said it was OK. That was the 921. But as always, YMMV.
The biggest reason I made this choice was the same as you noted: no gasket.
Now, having said that, for those who don't have $200-250 lying around for a no-gasket pressure canner, the Presto, I think, is fine--and you can buy extra gaskets for them and they don't cost all that much. I've talked/communicated w/ people who have them and the gaskets appear pretty robust, lasting years and years.
I've considered buying a Presto as a backup to my All-American, and buying a couple extra gaskets at the same time. Might allow me greater throughput when canning (while I'm waiting for the All-American to cool down, I could start the Presto), and, well, in the dictionary next to the words "redundancy," "backups," "spare parts," and "fail-safe" is my picture.
And FWIW: The reason the 921 doesn't need a gasket is the perfect fit between pot and lid. It's why I bought it to begin with--no gasket--but I can also envision a scenario where I or someone drops the lid or drops something onto the pot rim, and dents or scratches or otherwise compromises the surfaces that must mate exactly for pressure to build. And then what? I've never heard of that happening, but as I said, my logon name shouldn't be Goose3, it should be Mr.Redundancy. I plan for contingencies and capabilities.
Beat the native search function: Type "site:survivalistboards.com" in Google's search box, followed by search parameters. You can use normal conventions, limit by date, etc.
There actually is an official survival guide, but you have to write it yourself - and edit it as the situation changes - and revise it as you learn from your mistakes - and start all over again when things change again. (AceScanner)
So Kev, you started this thread a year ago....what did you decide to get?
Great threads to read!
|The Following 3 Users Say Thank You to kokosmom2 For This Useful Post:
What decided me was the number of people who said they started with the 921 and it was just too small and they were hoping to get the 930. I also have seen the 921 on Craig's list but not the 930.
I have a 921 but it only has a pressure guage and a sterilizer valve. No other holes except for the safety plug. Does anybody know if you can replace the valve with a jiggler weight ? I have canned thousands of jars with mine but you have to pay attention to the gauge constantly.
GAS stoves or burners are better than electric stoves for pressure cooking/canning/sterilization, as once set, the heat fluctuation is so minimal, it usually matters not.
I have run two AA 941's side by side on a dual gas burner on the patio outside every day for 3 or 4 days in a row during daylight hours. Only stopping to cool down, unload, reload, reheat & continue without any heat fluctuation issues.
I prefer the "sterilizer" valves or a weight valve. Sterilizer valves don't release (lose) steam or pressure, unless the AA is overheated. Usually around 18 to 21 PSI, they will start to whistle releasing steam to warn you the AA is overheating.
Yes, you can change over to a weight valve. Order a nipple & weight. Unscrew the sterilizer valve, screw in the nipple the weight rides on & you are good to go. I doubt you will like the change, as a sterilizer valve is an upgrade.
The only reason they changed to weights, is they are less expensive than the sterilizer valve.
Its dangerous to be right, when the government is wrong. The price of freedom can be seen at your local VA hospital.
I love my AA 915 - it's the one that lives in the kitchen, and it's a rare week that it doesn't come out at least once. I'm under 5' so even the 921 is too tall for me to safely lift the hot jars out if I'm using it on the stove; if on a turkey fryer, it's not so much of a problem.
I also have a couple of Mirro canners, and 4 or 5 Presto canners at last count - including a giant one that I can double stack quarts in. I'd rather run 2 canners than wait on that monster to come up to steam! I buy canners at auction and rehab them; then pass them down to family members - after checking them out, of course. www.pressurecooker-canner.com and www.pressurecooker-outlet.com are both good places to buy replacement parts.
I would encourage any Presto canner users to purchase part #50332 - this is a 3 piece adjustable weight (5#, 10#, 15#) that replaces the one piece weight that comes with the Presto canners and makes it much easier to keep the pressure at 10# without having to frequently adjust the heat on the stove. Fluctuations in temperature can cause the jars to siphon out liquid, so you end up with a much nicer looking product as well.
Thanks for the great advice, I hope to get an AA 921 ordered this week!
All American isn't the only option in Gasketless canners. They are a good product no doubt but there is another option. It requires a bit of thought and some elbow grease. I have three National canners, these are the ORIGINAL gasketless canners. They are long out of production but that is of little consequence in the grand scheme of things.....
Rather than try to explain it all etc...Here is a video that explains what I did. You can find the Nationals at garage sales, flea markets, craigslist, thrift shops, asking around at Church- the usual suspects. I have less than $150 in ALL THREE of mine, that includes all the new parts etc....And they do everything that the shiny new All Americans do.
|preserving food, preserving food after shtf, pressure canner, pressure cooker, stockpiling food, storing food, storing food after shtf
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text:
Book your room at Hotel Brenner'scher Hof
Double RoomMax Occupancy: 2 guests (up to 1 child)
Single RoomMax Occupancy: 1 guest
Luxury Cologne hotel in Lindenthal, near Rhein Energie Stadium
Located in Lindenthal, this luxury hotel is within 3 mi (5 km) of Rhein Energie Stadium, Keramion Museum, and Cologne Carnival Museum. Volkstheater Millowitsch and Cologne Cathedral are also within 6 mi (10 km).
Hotel Features
2 restaurants, a 24-hour business center, and coffee/tea in the lobby are available at this hotel. WiFi in public areas is free. Other amenities include a meeting room, concierge services, and dry cleaning.
Room Amenities
All 40 individually decorated rooms feature free WiFi and minibars. Thoughtful touches include pillow menus and slippers, and guests will also find separate bathtubs and showers and TVs.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
Dining is available at one of the hotel's 2 restaurants. A computer station is located on site and high-speed wireless Internet access is complimentary. This 4.5-star property offers access to a 24-hour business center and a meeting room. This luxury hotel also offers a terrace, multilingual staff, and a garden.
- Babysitting or childcare (surcharge)
- Total number of rooms - 40
- Number of floors - 4
- Breakfast available (surcharge)
- Coffee/tea in lobby
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Concierge services
- Elevator/lift
- Express check-in
- Express check-out
- Computer station
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- One meeting room
- 24-hour front desk
- Free WiFi
- Shopping on site
- Hair salon
- Laundry facilities
- Garden
- Multilingual staff
- Terrace
- Luggage storage
- Conference space size (meters) - 30
- Number of restaurants - 2
- 24-hour business center
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
Family Friendly Amenities
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Available in all rooms: Free WiFi
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- Separate bathtub and shower
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- In-room safe
- Television
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- Individually furnished
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Where to Eat
Buffet breakfasts are available for a surcharge and are served each morning.
Anno Pomm - This restaurant serves lunch and dinner. Guests can enjoy drinks at the bar. Reservations are required.
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The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby; fees may apply.
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text:
Updated 04/29/2014
Ontario's oldest business opened in 1894, when C.C. Graber bottled his meaty, tree-ripened olives and started selling them. They're still sold throughout the United States. Stop by the gourmet shop for a jar, then have a picnic on the shaded grounds. Tours are conducted year-round; in fall you can watch workers grade, cure, and can the olives.
315 E. 4th St., Ontario, California, 91764, United States
Website: www.graberolives.com
Sight Details:
Updated 04/29/2014
No Thanks


text:
Students excelling in classes with equal amounts of instruction in English, Spanish
CHULA VISTA A gaggle of fifth-graders pours out of the school library, filling the hallways with giddy chatter. Colloquial Spanish and accentless English blend into one cacophonous hum as the students follow their teacher back to class, a book — one in Spanish, one in English — under each arm.
This linguistically rich scene is common at Chula Vista Learning Community Charter, a K-9 school that attributes its well above-average test scores to two increasingly popular practices: throwing English learners and native speakers into the same class (called two-way immersion), and dividing instruction equally between English and Spanish (the 50-50 model).
"It's about valuing both languages," says Jorge Ramírez, the school's founder. "We're using language to close the achievement gap."
Two-thirds of the charter's students are English learners, and about half qualify for free or reduced lunch. Nevertheless, about 80 percent score proficient or advanced on standardized tests.
The number of 50-50, two-way-immersion programs has more than doubled in San Diego County in the past two years, due in large part to the success of programs like the one at Chula Vista Learning Community.
The Fallbrook Union Elementary School District introduced four two-way, 50-50 programs in 2010. Educators there decided to adopt that system after witnessing the success of schools such as Chula Vista Learning Community and Sherman Elementary in San Diego, says Lea Curcio, director of curriculum and instruction for the Fallbrook district.
Nearly half of in-town students at Fallbrook Union are English learners. There is also a significant percentage of English-speaking students who come from Camp Pendleton.
The 50-50 model "fits our population better," Curcio says.
Innovative teachers
At Learning Community, educators say they encourage children to be "language brokers" and help their non-native classmates. Because English and Spanish-language instruction is evenly split, all students get a chance to be language mentor and language learner at different times of the day.
"This teaches them empathy, because they have to put themselves in the other person's shoes," says Pedro Contreras, who teaches fifth grade history and language arts in Spanish.
For every class of K-6 students, there is a team of two to three instructors. Each teaches different subjects in different languages, but lesson plans are coordinated around common themes.
Scott Lyons and John Paul Arellano teach Spanish and English language arts, history and social science to the same class of fourth-graders. One of their themes this year is immigration, an experience that many students at the school — which is 90 percent Latino — can relate to.
Another theme is conflict and social justice, which they apply across multiple disciplines. By teaching fourth-graders about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, for example, the children learn world history. And by asking them to put their bilingual heads together to come up with a solution, they learn critical thinking.
"Sometimes we don't give kids credit for their lack of life experience," Lyons says. "Their thinking a lot of times is pretty enlightening."
Lyons and Arellano say low proficiency in a language often translates into behavioral issues — a confused child is more likely to tune out or misbehave. Because the school offers instruction in Spanish and English, the same "problematic" children often transform into engaged and productive pupils later in the day when they move to the class where they are more linguistically confident. As progress is made in both languages over the course of the year, the behavioral issues tend to evaporate.


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Monday April 11, 2011
By FONG KEE SOON email@example.com
GEORGE TOWN: In the popular teen TV drama Gossip Girl, she is Nelly Yuki, an academic rival of a Queen Bee of the Manhattan and Constance Billard High School's social scene.
Not many know this, but American actress Yin Chang has her roots in Penang although she was born and raised in New York.
Her mother is Chew Bee Neo, a former Convent Green Lane pupil who captured the top prize in a children's art exhibition in Michigan in 1970 and decided to settle down there for good.
Bee Neo, now 47, is the eldest daughter of Malaysian abstract artist Dr Chew Teng Beng, who is also a Universiti Sains Malaysia associate professor.
Dr Chew, who holds a PhD in Fine Arts from the New York University, inherits his artistic skills from his father and grandfather, a calligrapher.
Clearly, creativity runs in the Chews.
Speaking fondly of the talented 23-year-old Yin Chang, the oldest of Bee Neo's three daughters, Dr Chew said she called him last month to say she was the female lead in Walt Disney Pictures' latest teenage flick, Prom.
"She didn't inform me earlier," said the 73-year-old grandfather of four. "She wanted to surprise me."
Dr Chew said his grandaughter invited him to attend the movie's premiere in Los Angeles on April 26.
Dr Chew had apparently played an instrumental role in persuading Yin Chang's parents to allow her to pursue an acting career.
"Her parents felt it was an unstable career. But I believe that it is wrong to give up on one's talent and asked them to let her go after her dreams," said Dr Chew, whose own parents had wanted him to become a medical doctor.
"She likes to sing even when she was only six years old."
Prom opens in Malaysian cinemas on June 9.
Beside her role in the movie and Gossip Girl, Yin Chang had also worked on Law & Order: Criminal Intent, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit and Six Degrees.
Neighbours heard cries of children being beaten
RM1mil reward offer for information on Dr M's alleged misdeeds
Body of child found buried in kitchen
'Wild' party ends for 51 at popular mall
Money down the drain
Man killed after car smashes into toll booth barrier
Copyright © 1995-2015 Star Media Group Berhad (ROC 10894D)(Formerly known as Star Publications (Malaysia) Berhad)


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Originally written on Sportress of Blogitude | Last updated 11/18/14
On Monday night, the Edmonton Oilers hosted the division rival Vancouver Canucks at Rexall Place. And while the fans were sent home disappointed, as the Oilers dropped the game, losing 3-2 in overtime, one fan showed up for the game dressed for success. At least if his goal was to terrify those around him as well as anybody in the television viewing audience. You see, a man seated near the glass was sporting a horse head mask, and he was captured on video pounding on the glass while celebrating Ales Hemsky's first period goal and scaring the bejeezus out of pretty much everybody who laid eyes upon him. And an animated GIF of the disturbing scene, so the nightmare fuel can flow freely into your soon-to-be disturbed psyche: Question: What possesses a person to wear a horse head mask to a hockey game? Shyness? Mental illness? A desire for anonymity? Did he call in sick to his night shift at the glue factory and didn't want his boss to be able to identify him while at the same time giving a disturbing nod to his place of vocation? Whatever the reason, it's damn creepy, man. [H/T BuzzFeed] TweetThe post Creepy guy wearing horse head mask celebrates Edmonton Oilers goal (video) appeared first on Sportress of Blogitude.
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A financial restructuring, moderated growth plan and efforts to attract more high-yielding business passengers have helped Virgin America swing to an operating profit for the first six months of 2013.
Virgin's chief executive David Cush calls the results "a very big deal" for the seven-year-old carrier, which has struggled to stem the flow of red ink caused by years of rapid expansion.
The results give Virgin a foundation needed to maintain profits, critical to achieving its goal of an initial public offering in the coming years.
"For a couple of years [we have said] that once we slowed the growth we expected to achieve profitability," Cush tells Flightglobal. "Substantial profitability will come down the road."
"On a net basis we are confident we will turn a small profit for the full year," he adds.
For the first six months of 2013, Burlingame, California-based Virgin earned an operating profit of $12.9 million, a staunch reversal from its $52.7 million operating loss during the same period last year.
Virgin still reports a net loss for the half year of $37.5 million, but that's substantially better than its $107.8 million net loss for the first half of 2012.
Results during the second quarter alone were particularly notable: Virgin reports operating profits of $27.9 million and a net profit of $8.9 million.
That's compared to an operating loss of $4.1 million and net loss of $31.8 million during the second quarter of 2012.
Cush is pleased with Virgin's continuously improving revenue per available seat mile (RASM), the growth of which the airline says has "significantly outpaced all US carriers."
During the second quarter, Virgin's RASM was 11.56 cents, up 7.8% from the same period last year.
By comparison, low-cost carriers like JetBlue Airways and Southwest Airlines reported second quarter RASMs of 12.42 cents and 13.56 cents, respectively, according to securities filings.
Virgin's cost per available seat mile (CASM) declined 1.4% in the second quarter to 10.70 cents, below JetBlue's 11.48 cent CASM during the period and Southwest's 12.30 cent CASM.
Virgin ends the quarter with $148.2 million in unrestricted cash, up $90 million since the end of March due partly to receiving $75 million in new debt.
Turnaround plan
Virgin America, which in recent years has grown about 30% annually, has intentionally slowed expansion in recent months, an strategy Cush says has let existing market mature.
In 2012 the airline completed a two-year growth spurt that saw the acquisition of 24 aircraft and nearly double its fleet to 53 Airbus A319s and A320s.
But so far this year, Virgin took delivery of only one aircraft, in the first quarter, and it does not intend to increase its fleet until the second half of 2015, Cush says.
He notes that routes the airline has operated for 12 months or longer - those he calls "mature" - are "highly profitable," but says newer routes have not performed as well. Roughly 15% of Virgin's routes are "immature", according to Cush.
Virgin has also "fined tuned" it's internal processes in recent months, improving its revenue management capabilities and selling more inventory through Sabre Airline Solutions.
Virgin partnered with Sabre two years ago in a move to sell inventory through global distribution systems and to attract more business travellers.
"We are driving a lot more corporate revenue, [which is] easier when you are in Sabre," he says.
At the same time, Virgin added more interline partners, including three in the second quarter: China Eastern Airlines, Etihad Airways and Scandinavian Airlines. Virgin now has 26 interline partners.
In addition, Virgin has focused on reaching agreements with corporate travel managers, which has been made easier as Virgin has tweaked its route map, Cush says.
During the second quarter, Virgin cut flying on some less-profitable, leisure-focused markets and deployed aircraft on new business-focused routes.
Chief among those are the carrier's three daily flights between Newark, New Jersey and both Los Angeles and San Francisco, launched in April.
Cush says those routes make "the entire network more attractive" to business travellers.
So far, the Newark flights are performing better than Virgin forecasted and its share of revenue on the flights exceeds its share of capacity, says a 7 August media release.
Other new routes include San Jose, California to Los Angeles and San Francisco to Austin, Texas, launched in May, and seasonal service between San Francisco to Anchorage, Alaska, launched in June.
"The interline revenue is growing sequentially month to month and corporate penetration is improving as we improve the utility of our market," Cush says.
Debt savings
Virgin has made strides in reducing its costs thanks to a financial restructuring completed in May, the airline says.
Virgin converted some of its debt to "conditional equity", which vests when the company goes public.
In addition, Virgin reset the interest rate it pays on its debt, bringing the rate down to the "mid-single digit" range from the "mid-to-high teens" range, Cush says.
Those efforts eliminated more than $300 million of existing debt and accrued interest and reduced Virgin's interest expenses to roughly $10 million quarterly, according to Cush.
Before the restructuring Virgin's payments were $20 million quarterly.
Going public
Cush says Virgin's improved finances are a milestone on its path toward an initial public offering, which has long been in the airline's master plan.
"We need to establish a track record of consistent and meaningful profitability before we can go public. The results are a start down that path, but we need to stack a number of [profitable] quarters on top of that," Cush says.
A public offering will give Virgin access to public equity and debt markets, which Virgin can use to slash aircraft debt payments and further finance growth, Cush says.
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NEW YORK ( TheStreet) -- Asset allocation is almost gospel to the investment advisory profession. Classic asset allocation generally calls for a balance between stocks and bonds, depending upon your age and risk tolerance.
For instance, if you are 60 years old, you should have 60% of your assets in bonds and 40% of your assets in stocks. As you get older, you continue to put more in the so-called "safer" bucket of bonds, and less in the so-called "riskier" bucket of stocks.
What happens when a freight train is headed for an asset class?
Data from Best Stocks Now App One year ago, Treasuries were ranked 75th out of some 3,400 different investment choices that I track on a daily basis. Interest rates were hitting new one-hundred year lows, and the Federal Reserve was firing its bazooka at the bond market, artificially holding down interest rates. Treasuries hit a new all-time high almost a year ago. That was then, this is now. iShares Barclays 20+ Yr Treasury Bond (TLT) is an exchange-traded fund that tracks U.S. Treasuries. It peaked at $129 in late July of last year. The descent to its recent low of $106.17 did not occur overnight -- it took 12 months. From $129 to $106 is a percentage loss of 17.8%. "But I am 73 years old," you say. Academia's asset allocation model dictates that I am supposed to have 73% of my assets in the bond market. I have found over time that there is the world of academia and there is the real world. Almost anyone that was in touch with the real world at all knew that higher interest rates were inevitable. The Fed would eventually start to taper back its bond purchases and real market forces would once again dictate the true value of Treasuries once again. To not see this coming was like standing in the middle of the railroad tracks and ignoring the warning of an approaching train. For this reason, I am not an active practitioner of the gospel of asset allocation. Asset classes like stocks, bonds, real estate, and precious metals are cyclical. I believe in strategically moving in and out of asset classes as the economic times and seasons dictate.


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Source: TNA InsiderEric Young was shown backstage with MVP. Mr. Anderson, Gunner and Bobby Roode interrupted. MVP said that he has an endurance challenge for them. MVP laid cards on a table and told the challengers to pick a card. Those with the highest cards get to sit back and face the winner of the lowest drawing cards. Mr. Anderson and Gunner get the lower cards. Roode gets the highest card. Anderson vs Gunner is announced with the winner facing Roode. The winner of Roode vs Anderson/Gunner gets to face Eric Young for the title tonight.
Magnus cut a promo cutting down MVP's test and wondered why he wasn't asked to join in. Abyss runs out of the crowd and attacks Magnus. Abyss tries to go for his beloved Janice but Magnus gets away just in time.
Bully Ray came to the ring with a table. 'Dixie' was written on the table and Bully had his elbow pressed against his ribs from his injury stemming from Sacrifice. Bully spoke about what happened at Sacrifice and said that if Dixie really is anywhere in the building, she was going to go through this table.
Endurance Match: Gunner defeated Mr. Anderson after James Storm tried to interfere.
EC3 comes out and announces that he will face Kurt angle one on one next week and plans a sparring exhibition match tonight against Rockstar Spud. As they begin sparring, Kurt Angle comes to the stage and says he will end EC3's streak and bring him pain in just 7 days.
Endurance Match 2: Bobby Roode defeated Gunner clean. It's Eric Young vs Bobby Roode as the main event.
Dixie came out escorted by security guards. The guards brought Bully Ray's 'Dixie table' in to the ring. Dixie Sat on top of the table and said that she didn't forget how Bully double-crossed her at Lockdown. Dixie reminds everyone how she made history by putting the "Master of tables" through a table.
Bully Ray came out and was held back by security. The crowd chanted for bully to put Dixie through the table. Ray asks the crowd if they really want to see Dixie slammed through a table. Bully pleads with the guards to just leave. Only 3 guards stay. Bully says he is going to count to 5 until he begins to beat the crap out of the 3 remaining guards. The crowd starts the countdown and Bully lays out the guards. Ray grabs Dixie for the powerbomb but MVP shows up and demands that Bully leave Dixie alone. MVP declares that both Bully and Dixie are now barred from the Impact Zone.
Willow defeated James Storm by disqualification. Storm shoves the ref and gets a shard of glass. Willow counters with his umbrella and Mr. Anderson shows up and hits the mic check on Storm for interfering in his match earlier in the night.
The Beautiful People came to the ring to celebrate Angelina's victory at Sacrifice. The two are wearing long, black dresses. Angelina said tonight they were forced to wear something more appropriate. They said they take orders from nobody and said they will take off all of their clothes right now. They demand that their music start. The two do a little striptease style dance but then stop and mock the crowd. Angelina said that the crowd is pathetic and that they would want nothing more than to see the goods on The Beautiful People. Angelina says she wants to pay her respects to the record breaking six time TNA Knockouts Champion: Herself. Gail Kim comes out. She said the knockouts division was built around sexy women but also on wrestling. Gail said she plans on stripping them of everything. Gail entered the ring to attack the Beautiful People but they ran out. Madison and Brittany appeared on the stage and ripped the beautiful people out of their dresses.
Sanada and The Wolves defeated The Bromans. Sanada and the Wolves both hit their finishers on Zema for the win.
Main event: Eric Young defeated Bobby Roode to retain the TNA World Heavyweight Championship.
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Bravely Default: Flying Fairy
questions about special event items equipment classes villagers
I just got the game, and I see that there are quite a bit of limited time items that I have missed from this page: http://special.member.jp.square-enix.com/bdff/achievement/
1. Are they available in game?
2. I hear people talking about silver/gold weapons, where are those from?
3. Is it possible to totally miss side quests for classes or weapons without having a chance to go back and get them?
4. Using the Adventurer menu, what is the limit of net friends I can invite as a villager? Is it one or two? Does it follow a reset timer or specific timing?
5. If I have an additional 3ds, can I load the demo in it, and put it side by side the whole day for 2 weeks?
6. What happens after you get the "final ending"? Is there a new game+ or would you be able to level up around the last chapter?
I can only answer number 4.
I've been using the adventure to get 1-2 villagers a day. It looks like it can be every 24 hours/
6 - There is no NG+ at all. Once you get the true ending, you're given the option to save over in which it rolls you back to a previous "cycle". I haven't really touched the game since I finished it since I noticed right away, it was the cycle part of the game again and I confess that part was a bit of a drag.
Otherwise, I wound up getting close to max level grinding solely on bosses. I recall finishing the game around level 92, which included fighting just about every boss on almost every cycle. You can definitely get to level 99 without much effort though since the game caps the EXP requirement per level at 70k past level 70 or so.
PSN: Neophoton
Currently playing: Persona 4 Golden, Bravely Default: Flying Fairy
I found an explaination on how to get silver weapons is explained in this thread. http://www.gamefaqs.com/boards/643004-bravely-default-flying-fairy/65042588
I have no idea about gold weapons though.


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Welcome to my little nook where I share a peek into my world of photography.
All photographs by Marte Marie Forsberg, view my portfolio here...
This June I spent a day photographing the lovely Ina from Mat på Bordet to capture a little peek into her world of delicious home cooking for get second book that launched this September. It was such a treat to work with Ina, and I absolutely adore her fun personality and mouthwatering talents in the kitchen.
Online food photography class
It´s such a treat to announce that you can now sign up for my food and lifestyle photography class with Skillshare!
It was all filmed by the loveliest Fox and Favour in my wee countryside cottage with mr Whiskey sniffing around.
Enroll for free here:
Into the woods
With a picnic basket, a rucksack with woodcarving tools and a camera the lovely Rosie, EJ and I went into the woods to lean more about Hatchet and Bear over great local cheese, nettle wine, and perfectly cured ham. Read more about our time in the woods here, where EJ carves a spoon from branch to tool in less than 20 min!!


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Pastor James David Manning's ATLAH World Missionary Church and three other anti-LGBTI organizations have been added to the 2014 list
Four more organizations have been added to the Southern Poverty Law Center's list of active anti-LGBTI hate groups.
Amongst others, the national civil rights group The Southern Poverty Law Centre added ATLAH World Missionary Church in New York City's Harlem neighborhood to their list.
Run by Pastor James David Manning, the church repeatedly made headlines in 2014; early last year they displayed a sign reading 'Jesus would stone homos' and later one saying anyone supporting 'homos' should be punished with 'cancer, HIV, syphilis, stroke, madness, itch, then hell'.
Mayor indefintely postpones the anti-gay hate law after a Christian backlash
About 70 LGBTI activists staged a sit-in at Seoul city hall to protest the mayor's indefinite delay of a human rights charter banning anti-gay discrimination.
A coalition of 20 LGBTI groups Saturday (6 December) occupied the lobby of the Seoul Metropolitan Government (SMG) holding a banner reading, 'To sexual minorities, human rights mean life.'
They said Mayor Park Won-soon had not responded to repeated requests for a meeting and demanded he proclaim the charter, which was supposed to be enacted on Human Rights Day on 10 December.
In series of homophobic tweets, late actor called a 'fag enabler' for his participation in Kurt Hummel gay storyline on Glee
Westboro Baptist Church tweeted Monday (15 July) that it plans to protest the funeral of Glee star Cory Monteith who was found dead on Saturday in a Vancouver hotel room.
The notoriously anti-gay group filled its Twitter page with a series of homophobic tweets about Monteith whose Glee character of Finn Hudson was supportive of his gay stepbrother, Kurt Hummel (Chris Colfer).
Gay people are waging 'war' on 'God' and 'nature' using stealth psychology thourgh the media, says hate preacher on US radio
Peter LaBarbera of the Americans For Truth About Homosexuality (AFTAH) hate group stated that gays and lesbians 'hate God' and are 'at war with nature, with God and with truth'.
He made these 'revelations' during an appearance yesterday (26 March) on The Janet Meffer Show brodcasted on KWRD-FM, a Dallas based Christian radio station.
Hacking group takes over Westboro Baptist Church spokesperson's twitter account and leak church members info following their plans to picket victims' funerals
The Westboro Baptist Church (WBC) blamed marriage equality in Connecticut for the tragic shooting spree in Newtown that took 26 lives.
The Church announced that it will picket the funerals of the children with banners saying 'God Hate Fags' and other anti-gay hate messages.
Shirley Phelps-Roper, spokesperson of WBC and daughter of its leader, Fred Phelps, tweeted, 'Westboro will picket Sandy Hook Elementary School to sing praise to God for the glory of his work in executing his judgment'.
Bill Keller, internet evangelist, is suing Southern Poverty Law Center for not taking his ministry of their 'hate list'
A US anti-gay internet evangelist is planning to sue civil rights group Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) for describing him as a 'hate group leader'.
Bill Keller is suing the SPLC for $100million (£63.72m, €81.16m) if it does not take him and his ministry LivePrayer.com off its 'hate group' list.
The evangelist also agreed with the Family Rights Council who blamed the civil rights group for the shooting of a security guard at FRC headquarters this week.
GetEqual condemns Family Research council shooting and FRC
GetEqual has no love for the shooting at the Family Research Council nor the FRC.
In a strongly worded statement the political organization was critical of the organization's response to the crime, specifically the group's leader putting responsibility at the door of the Southern Poverty Law Center.
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Most of the federal government's authority is exercised, on a day-to-day basis, through its administrative agencies. Central to the efficiency of those agencies — such as it is — is the judiciary's substantial deference to agency decision-making. Without that deference, people and corporations would often have an incentive to try to impair (or at least delay) agencies' actions through court challenges.
Justices of the U.S. Supreme Court recently suggested their willingness to reconsider this bedrock principle of administrative law. In Decker v. Northwest Environmental Defense Center, 568 U.S. __, No. 11-338 (Mar. 20, 2013), the Supreme Court followed its own precedent and deferred to a particular Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) interpretation of the Clean Water Act (CWA), 33 U.S.C. § 1365, and its implementing regulations. Justice Anthony Kennedy wrote the 7-1 majority opinion holding that the CWA does not require logging companies to secure permits for water pollution resulting from stormwater runoff of logging roads.
Originally published in the Legal Intelligencer on April 24, 2013.
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On February 9, 2009, the Ninth Circuit confirmed that preemption under the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (FAA) is alive and well, though not unlimited. In Midwest Express Holdings v. Braun, Case No. 07-55063, the court held that the FAA impliedly preempts all state-law aviation tort claims only in areas in which the Federal Aviation Administration issues "pervasive regulations." In areas without pervasive regulations or other bases for preemption, state standards of care apply.
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