text:
Manchester City F.C. ownership and finances
The Ownership of Manchester City Football Club traces back to 1894, when Ardwick A.F.C. dissolved and were reformed as Manchester City Football Club Ltd. Over recent years, the ownership and finances of Manchester City Football Club have been tumultuous with various owners of contrasting fortunes much in line with their inconsistent trend on the pitch and the club's hierarchy maintain the club is in a period of "significant transformation".[1]
In the 2009–10 season, the club are the fifth richest football club in England by revenue and overall are the 11th worldwide with a revenue of €144m according to Deloitte, and have been consistently in the top 20 for numerous years.[2] The club's most recent annual financial report [1] revealed revenue increase rose 40% to €144m, strong figures for a club who were not in European football in the 2009–10 season. The club posted a loss of £121m which included the approximate £125m spent on transfers in the 2009–10 season. The club's hierarchy have noted that heavy investment on new players and modernisation of facilities has created the loss, investment is expected to abate in coming years now the club's infrastructure has been modernised and the squad has the necessary strength to challenge at the top.[3]
As of September 2009, the club has been fully owned by Sheikh Mansour, one of football's wealthiest owners, with an estimated individual net worth of at least £17 billion with a family fortune of at least $1 trillion[4] US dollars. Since taking over he has wiped off Manchester City's £305 million debt,[5] and has donated to charitable causes linked with Manchester City Football Club[6][7][8][9] whilst improving the club's infrastructure for staff[10][11] and supporters.[12][13] Large scale redevelopment of the land around Eastlands is currently being planned with the project being led by architect Rafael Viñoly with plans which will turn the city into a "sport city" for football with a new training facility and leisure complex.[14][15]
More publicly, the club's spending has focused more on the acquisitions of new players. It was estimated that since the takeover by Sheikh Mansour in September 2008 the approximate spend on incoming transfers has been £300m[16] not taking into account revenue which contributes to the transfer budget. At the time of the September 2008, Sheikh Mansour set £500m aside[16] for the club to invest in transfers at immediate utilisation with the ulterior objective of pushing Manchester City to the zenith of English and European football.[17][18]
- 1 Current overview
- 2 Future Eastlands redevelopment - Etihad Campus
- 3 History
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Current overview[edit]
Level of financial power[edit]
Since the Robinho shock signing on the transfer deadline day in September 2008, the club have been branded "the richest club in the world" by the media and the Robinho signing heralded a new era of spending for the club with Sheikh Mansour willing to invest in the club off the pitch and on it by signing new players. Net spending in the Premier League era is comparable with Tottenham Hotspur and Liverpool after yo-yoing between divisions in the late 1990s and early 2000s.[19]
Having spent in approximately £320m on transfers[16] from the arrival of Sheikh Mansour in September 2008 to September 2010 it was reported that owner Sheikh Mansour had earmarked £500m for transfers - regardless of any revenue during that two-year period. The report highlighted the club's immense spending power, meaning as of September 2010 there was a surplus transfer budget of around £175m[18] after the transfer window of summer 2010.[17] Since September 2010 up to September 2011, approximately a further £100m has been spent, but with players being sold this is around £80 to 85m in net expenditure.
|Khaldoon Al Mubarak
|Non-Executive Director
|Simon Pearce
|Non-Executive Director
|Marty Edelman
|Non-Executive Director
|Mohamed Al Mazrouei
|Non-Executive Director
|Sampan Bansal
|Non-Executive Director
|Alberto Galassi
Since September 2008, the club is owned fully by Sheikh Mansour and Khaldoon Al Mubarak is Chairman on his behalf. Al Mubarak has been Chairman since September 2008, when he took over from previous owner, Thaksin Shinawatra.
Garry Cook has been Chief Executive Officer since July 2008, after he was previously one of Nike Inc. top hierarchy.[20] His tenure at the club has been marked by improvement in facilities for supporters, players, and staff, but one marred by numerous gaffes.[21][22]
Brian Marwood has been Football Administration Officer' since March 2009. Then Manager Mark Hughes was concerned about the club bringing someone in a Director of Football role and thus Football Administration Officer was the title given instead.[23] Its main role signing transfer targets, whilst improving the club's infrastructure off the pitch.[23]
Patrick Vieira, who retired from football in July 2011, is currently Football development executive. The job entails a number of different roles, such as overseeing the development of the youth players, working with commercial partners and helping City's award winning City In The Community charity programme. Vieira has stated his intention to acquire his UEFA coaching badges while in his Football development executive role.
Money League
Financial structure[edit]
The club posted a loss of £92.5 million for the fiscal year ending 31 May 2009, up from £32.5 million in May 2008.[29] Under the new ownership, the club embarked on a complete transformation of the club by acquiring new players such as Carlos Tévez, Robinho, David Silva, Yaya Touré and Mario Balotelli, while improving training facilities.
Future Eastlands redevelopment - Etihad Campus[edit]
In March 2010, the club signed an initial agreement with Manchester City Council and the New East Manchester Agency to explore alternative leisure attraction proposals to replace the doomed Supercasino which was originally planned to be built next to Eastlands.[30] Furthermore the agreement of understanding gave the club permission to build and expand the new facilities it wishes to build.[30]
In July 2011, it was announced the area where the developments will be built will be called the Etihad Campus.[33] In return Etihad Airways will pay sponsorship to Manchester City F.C. for ten years, and for Manchester City Council who own the stadium, Etihad will create a British hub for Etihad Airways at Manchester Airport creating further jobs[33] and helping to fuel the £600m Manchester Airport City project.[34] When complete, revenue from the Etihad Campus will go towards helping the club meet the new Uefa Financial Fair Play Regulations [35]
New training complex[edit]
The club is currently planning to move from its current Carrington Training Centre complex to east Manchester nearby the City of Manchester Stadium. The new training complex will be based on AC Milan's Milanello training complex,[36] which is understood to be one of top training complexes in world football.[36] It is believed the new £50m million training facility will house all aspects of the playing staff as the youth academy will be moved from its current site in Platt Lane to join the new training complex.[37]
Leisure complex[edit]
Preliminary preparation began in April 2010 with remiadiation of the 17 acres (69,000 m2) of empty land around the Eastlands stadium.[38][39]
Stadium expansion and lease renegotiation[edit]
After increasing tickets figures and a sell out all 36,000 season tickets for the 2010–11 season[40] the club has explored options for increasing the stadium's capacity. The stadium is currently leased to Manchester City and the owners are believed to want to buy the stadium outright[41]
The lease on the stadium was renegotiated in October 2010, with Manchester City paying Manchester City Council a flat base rate of £3 million a year rather than the council taking half of the revenue of ticket sales over 35,000. This previous system earned the council approximately £2 million a year,[42] whereas the new, higher £3 million single payment agreement signals the club are looking to expand the stadium.[42] The agreement is linked to Manchester City's willingness to "considering potential development as part of a contribution to the regeneration of east Manchester", proposals which are being planned.[42]
|John Chapman (First Spell)
|Waltham Forrest
|John Allison
|W.A. Wilkinson
|John Chapman (Second Spell)
|Lawrence Furniss
|Albert Hughes
|Bob Smith
|Walter Smith
|Alan Douglas
|Albert Alexander Jr.
|Eric Alexander
|Peter Swales
|Francis Lee
|David Bernstein
|John Wardle
|Thaksin Shinawatra
|Khaldoon Al Mubarak
The modern day Manchester City Football Club became a registered limited company on 16 April 1894.[44] Shares in the club were owned by a number of club figures, who all had one share each. The first Chairman was John Chapman, a local publican. In 1902 City were relegated and Hulton took charge. An early board member was newspaper owner Edward Hulton, who held influence at the start of the 20th century.[45] In the 1920s Lawrence Furniss was Chairman, he had served the club in various capacities since playing for them when the club was still Gorton AFC in the mid-1880s.
After the end of hostilities in the mid-1940s the Chairman was Robert Smith. In the mid-50s Walter Smith became Chairman before Alan Douglas took over between 1956 and 1964. Douglas stepped down due to ill health, allowing the Alexander family to gain control.
Albert Alexander Jr., son of the man who had founded the Manchester City Academy in the 1920s was chairman during the 1960s. The start of the 1970s saw a boardroom power struggle. At its heart was the relationship between Joe Mercer and Malcolm Allison. With Mercer as manager and Allison as coach, the club had experienced the most successful period in its history. However, Allison sought greater control, as he felt as coach he was "constantly being patted on the head".[46] In November 1970 it became known that vice-chairman Frank Johnson was willing to sell most of his shareholding. Joe Smith, the owner of a double-glazing business in Oldham, attempted to gain a controlling stake in the club. Together with four others, including Simon Cussons of the Cussons soap-making family, he formed a pro-Allison faction — one that Allison claimed in his autobiography to have initiated himself.[47] The Alexander family wished to keep Mercer as manager. When Frank Johnson realised the effect selling to Smith would have, he chose not to sell.[46]
Smith and Cussons gained places on the board in 1971.[48] In October, Allison took sole charge of the first team, and Mercer became "general manager".[49] By November 1971 Albert Alexander's age and declining health had become a factor. His son Eric took over as chairman, becoming the youngest chairman in the Football League, and Albert was given the title of President.[50]
Swales era, 1973–1994[edit]
At the start of the 1973–74 season Eric Alexander announced his intention to step down in October.[51] Minority shareholder Peter Swales positioned himself as a unifying figure acceptable to both Joe Smith's faction and longstanding directors such as Eric Alexander and John Humphreys (who was also managing director of Umbro).[51][52] Swales was elected as chairman, and held the position for more than 20 years. Swales time in charge was one of impatience with him sacking eleven Manchester City managers in 21 years, however he had reputation as a generous chairman when providing money for transfer[53] Swales was remembered for his gaffe with manager Malcolm Allison after Swales sanctioned the purchase of Steve Daley from Wolves for £1,450,000, a then British transfer fee record. Daley turned out to be a flop, and Allison always claimed that he had agreed a much lower fee with the then Wolves manager for Daley. Allison later claimed Swales intervened on a chairman to chairman basis and secured the transfer instantly but at a much higher, possibly rip-off price.[53]
After over 20 years of frustration delivering little success, Swales fell out of favour with the Manchester City supporters who led a long anti-Swales campaign. Momentum gathered in the 1990s, in the form of a movement named Forward With Franny, backing former City player Francis Lee's attempt to gain control of the club.[54]
In 1994, with Swales was ousted from his chairmanship by former City player Francis Lee, whose paper business F.H Lee Ltd. had made him a multimillionaire. Lee gained control of the club by purchasing £3 million of shares at a price of £13.35 per share.[55]
Swales was offered a role as life president at the club upon his departure but he never returned to Maine Road. It was a sad departure for a chairman who loyally invested large sums of money into Manchester City in search of new success and greater parity with a resurgent Manchester United.[53] Swales died on 3 May 1996, 3 days before a now yoyo club, Manchester City were relegated from the top tier of English football.
Lee, Bernstein and Wardle (1994–2007)[edit]
Upon becoming Chairman, Lee made a series of extravagant claims about his plans for the club, announcing that, "This will be the happiest club in the land. The players will be the best paid and we'll drink plenty of champagne, celebrate and sing until we're hoarse."[54] The club floated on the OFEX exchange in 1995, valuing the club at £8 million.[56]
In 1996, Lee appointed his friend Alan Ball as Manager, but the appointment proved unsuccessful and the club was relegated. Both Ball and Lee stated later that Swales had left the club with catastrophic debts which had undermined their plans.[57] Lee stepped down in 1998, with the club on the brink of relegation to the third tier of English football, a fate which Lee had dismissed at the previous annual general meeting by saying that he would, "Jump off the Kippax" if the club was relegated.[58] He was replaced as Chairman by Financial Director David Bernstein.
Chairman Franny Lee tried to new investors into the club, one of which was Saudi billionaire Prince Walid who was interested in making a £75m investment in 1996, but Lee refused to show Walid the club accounts and Walid cooled his interest.[59] City shareholders also attempted to woo Wigan chairman Dave Whelan into investing in the club, but City's precarious position without a manager at the time didn't convince Whelan.[59]
In November 1999, broadcasting company BSkyB purchased a 9.9% stake in the club for £5.5 million, plus a further sum for media rights. The deal was part of a series of acquisitions by BSkyB which included a similar stake in Leeds United.[60] A share rights issue announced at the same time as the BSkyB purchase saw JD Sports founders John Wardle and David Makin increase their stake and become the club's largest shareholders.[61]
Bernstein resigned on 5 March 2003, believing that differences of opinion regarding player transfers had undermined his ability to lead the club.[62] Bernstein had favoured a fiscally conservative transfer policy, but manager Kevin Keegan and major shareholder John Wardle wished to spend heavily on new players, such as Robbie Fowler.[63] Wardle became Temporary Chairman, taking the position on a permanent basis two months later.[64] Bryan Bodek, who had been a board member since February 2000,[65] was appointed as his deputy.
Thaksin Shinawatra (2007)[edit]
In December 2006, the club issued a statement regarding a possible takeover,[66] prompting press speculation about potential buyers. On 24 April, former City player Ray Ranson announced interest in making an offer for the club,[67] though the club denied press reports that a bid had been made.[68] On 1 May 2007, it was announced that deposed Thai Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra had been granted access to the club's accounts.[69] The deal, however, was thrown into doubt when Thailand's Military Government froze £830 million of Shinawatra's assets after they investigated allegations of corruption made against him.[70] On 21 June, the Manchester City board accepted an £81.6 million offer for the club from Thaksin Shinawatra and advised the shareholders to accept the bid. On 6 July, Thaksin finally acquired a 75% share in the club, enough to take full control of the club and delist it as full owner.[71] One of his first moves was to schedule a press conference to announce former-England manager Sven-Göran Eriksson as his new manager.[72]
Under Eriksson they made a positive start to the season. However, City's form in the second half of the season was weak, as they finished 9th in the final table but finished with their highest ever Premier League points total and the season included double victories over rivals Manchester United. Months of speculation started in March 2008 as the season drew to a close over Eriksson's future. Manchester City fans launched a "Save our Sven (SOS)"[73] campaign to prevent his sacking. This was to no avail as Eriksson's one-year reign as manager ended on 2 June 2008,[74] following weeks of speculation about his future.[75]
On 5 June 2008, Mark Hughes was unveiled as Manchester City's new manager on a three-year contract.[76] The appointment of Hughes as manager placed a veil over Thaksin Shinawatra's endless trouble with the Thai authorities and now had his £800m fortune frozen in Thailand and did not wish to go back to Thailand to clear his name.[77]
Throughout August 2008, media outlets claimed that the club was in complete disarray and that City were on the brink of financial meltdown with Shinawatra asking a now disillusioned former chairman John Wardle for a £2m loan[78] and new manager Hughes threatening to resign unless finance problems were sorted out and the board stopped trying to seemingly sell Stephen Ireland and Vedran Corluka behind his back.[79] Manchester City supporters were also getting restless with Shinawatra, and an "out with Shinawatra" tone was beginning to gain favour with some City fans,[80] much in the same manner of Peter Swales departure in 1994. Rumours started to spread around the footballing world in August 2008 that Shinawatra's position as owner of the club was not viable because of his frozen financial backing and it was believed he was considering selling Manchester City to a new owner(s).[81]
The dream of bringing back the glory era to City set out by Shinawatra just a year before now seemed unrealistic.[82]
Sheikh Mansour (since 2008)[edit]
In August 2008, it became increasingly likely that Thaksin would fail to retrieve his frozen assets from Thailand. His wife, Pojaman Shinawatra, was convicted of acquiring large tracts of land for grossly-underpriced values and sentenced to three years imprisonment on 31 July 2008,[83] and following this news, Thaksin's own court dates approaching, and Pojaman's bail, a visit by the Shinawatra family to the 2008 Beijing Olympics led to them using the opportunity to leave the country for London, where they then applied for political asylum in the United Kingdom.[84] This led to the Thai courts issuing an extradition request to the British Government, and the courts beginning to try them in absentia, effectively ending any hopes of the money being released and further affing the possibility that Thaksin would come to breach Premier League rules on club ownership, which prevent owners convicted of corruption charges from retaining control of their club.
In response to this, Thaksin offered to resign his position on the board, an offer which was rejected by Garry Cook, Manchester City's Executive Chairman,[85] and also began attempting to sell minority stakes in the club for investment. After being rejected repeatedly with counter-proposals to buy majority stakes numerous, it was then announced on 1 September 2008 that the club were in talks with the Abu Dhabi United Group to sell Thaksin's entire stake, a deal which was agreed later in the day.[86]
As part of the takeover, Doctor Sulaiman Al-Fahim, a board member of the company and the man both leading the talks and mooted to be the new Chairman, promised a top four finish within three seasons, indicating that he would give a show of his intent by capturing at least one world class signing, naming such players as Mario Gómez, David Villa, Dimitar Berbatov, and Robinho as in his sights, having made bids for all four on behalf of his new club. With the deal for the sale of the club going through on the last day of the summer transfer window, negotiations were forcibly limited, but while a deal for Berbatov was accepted by the club but not by the player, with a few minutes remaining in the transfer window, Manchester City were able to confirm the signing of Robinho from Real Madrid for a British transfer record £32.5 million, concurrently the seventh largest transfer fee in the history of football.
The period of due diligence ended on 21 September, with Sheikh Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan, owner of the Abu Dhabi United Group, and Thaksin Shinawatra agreeing the transfer of the club on 23 September.[87][88] As part of their new board, Doctor Al-Fahim's presumed position of Co-Chairman was conspicuously filled by Khaldoon Al Mubarak instead, with Al-Fahim's loose-tongued comments about buying an all-star team cited as the reason for his demotion, his comments having produced much negative media backlash and having gone against Al Nahyan's more long-term and rather more restrained plans for the club.
In the months following the takeover, Thaksin held the position of Honorary President, but was removed from the position in February 2009 after a Thai court convicted him for corruption.[89] The following month, the club ceased their operations in Thailand.[90]
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- Bibliography
- James, Gary (2006). Manchester City - The Complete Record. Derby: Breedon. ISBN 1-85983-512-0.
- James, Gary (2002). Manchester: The Greatest City. Polar Publishing.
- Clayton, David (2002). Everything under the blue moon: the complete book of Manchester City FC - and more!. Edinburgh: Mainstream publishing. ISBN 1-84018-687-9.
External links[edit]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Manchester City.
- Manchester City financial information - at mcfc.co.uk
- Manchester City financial annual report for 2009–10 season - at annualreport.mcfc.co.uk


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I am in no way going to digital photography. Haha. It's to make 1080p quality videos with. I already have an f4 so an fg doesn't hold much use. I just got a takumar 50mm 1.4 a mamiya sekor 35mm 2.8 and a takumar 135mm 3.5 and a spotmatic for 60 bucks. I just likeed what I saw when I watched some clips filmed with the 75 to 205 so I became interested. I took your advice and told the guy never mind though. I'm probky gonna save a few hundred bucks and get a nice m42 mount zoom. With a fotodiox adapter, you get some incredible image quality out of a lot of m42 stuff on canon dslrs. Before you hate on digi though, keep in mind it is to make 1080p short films and action clips with .
Edit: my fg isn't even functional haha, I'm nit worried about being stuck with nothing if the 60d I am getting has problems. I have several film cameras. And eh I never use autofocus it makes no sense to seek autofocus rather than manual focus for me.

subset: commoncrawl


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Daily tea drinking is associated with a low level of depressive symptoms in the Finnish general population
- Jukka Hintikka,
- Tommi Tolmunen,
- Kirsi Honkalampi,
- Kaisa Haatainen,
- Heli Koivumaa-Honkanen,
- Antti Tanskanen,
- Heimo Viinamäki
- … show all 7 hide
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Tea drinking has been suggested to be beneficial in neurodegenerative diseases where depressive mood is a common symptom. Nevertheless, it is not known whether there are any associations between tea drinking and depression in general populations. In this study we investigated these associations in a sample of the Finnish general population (n = 2011) using a postal questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Those who reported drinking tea daily were less depressed than the others. They had a lower mean BDI score and also a lower prevalence of depression. None of those whose daily tea intake was five cups or more had depression. Several potential confounding factors were included in the final sex- and age-adjusted multivariate logistic regression model which suggested that those who drink tea daily may have a significantly reduced risk of being depressed (adjusted odds ratio 0.47, 95 confidence interval 0.27–0.83). In conclusion, an inverse relationship between daily tea drinking and the risk of being depressed was found in a relatively large general population sample. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms are unresolved and further studies are needed.
- Greden, JF, Pomerleau, O Caffeine-related disorders and nicotine-related disorders. In: Kaplan, HI, Sadock, BJ eds. (1995) Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore
- Suleman A, Lorenzo N. Caffeine. eMedicine. http://www.emedicine.com/neuro/topic666.htm (last updated October 26, 2004).
- Cabrera, C, Gimenez, R, Lopez, MC (2003) Determination of tea components with antioxidant activity. J Agric Food Chem 51: pp. 4427-4435 CrossRef
- Huxley, RR, Neil, HA (2003) The relationship between dietary flavonol intake and coronary heart disease mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Eur J Clin Nutr 57: pp. 904-908 CrossRef
- Dora, I, Arab, L, Martinchick, A, Sdvizhkov, A, Urbanovich, L, Weisgerber, U (2003) Black tea consumption and risk of rectal cancer in Moscow population. Ann Epidemiol 13: pp. 405-411 CrossRef
- Wu, AH, Yu, MC, Tseng, CC, Hankin, J, Pike, MC (2003) Green tea and risk of breast cancer in Asian Americans. Int J Cancer 106: pp. 574-579 CrossRef
- Pan, T, Jankovic, J, Le, W (2003) Potential therapeutic properties of green tea polyphenols in Parkinson's disease. Drugs Aging 20: pp. 711-721
- Nakagava, K, Miyazava, T (1997) Absorption and distribution of tea catechin, Epigallocatechi-3-Gallate, in the rat. J Nutr Sci Vitam 43: pp. 679-684
- Sun, J (2003) Morning/evening menopausal formula relieves menopausal symptoms: a pilot study. J Altern Complement Med 9: pp. 403-409 CrossRef
- Ayuso-Mateos JL, Vazquez-Barquero JL, Dowrick C, Lehtinen V, Dalgard OS, Casey P, Wilkinson C, Lasa L, Page H, Dunn G, Wilkinson G, the ODIN group. Depressive disorders in Europe: prevalence figures from the ODIN study. Br J Psychiatry 2001; 179: 308–316
- Timonen, M, Horrobin, D, Jokelainen, J, Laitinen, J, Herva, A, Rasanen, P (2004) Fish consumption and depression: the Northern Finland 1966 birth cohort study. J Affect Disord 82: pp. 447-452
- Tolmunen, T, Hintikka, J, Ruusunen, A, Voutilainen, S, Tanskanen, A, Valkonen, VP, Viinamaki, H, Kaplan, GA, Salonen, JT (2004) Dietary folate and the risk of depression in Finnish middle-aged men. A prospective follow-up study. Psychother Psychosom 73: pp. 334-339 CrossRef
- Beck, AT, Ward, CH, Mendelson, M, Mock, J, Erhaugh, J (1961) An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 4: pp. 53-63
- Viinamaki, H, Tanskanen, A, Honkalampi, K, Koivumaa-Honkanen, H-T, Haatainen, K, Kaustio, O, Hintikka, J (2004) Is the Beck Depression Inventory suitable for screening major depression in different phases of the disease. Nord J Psychiatry 58: pp. 49-53 CrossRef
- Hindmarch, I, Quinlan, PT, Moore, KL, Parkin, C (1998) The effects of black tea and other beverages on aspects of cognition and psychomotor performance. Psychopharmacology 139: pp. 230-238 CrossRef
- Serafini, M, Ghiselli, A, Ferro-Luzzi, A (1996) In vivo antioxidant effect of green tea and black tea in man. Eur J Clin Nutr 50: pp. 28-32
- Wu, C, Wei, G (2002) Tea as a functional food for oral health. Nutrition 18: pp. 443-444
- Lasa, L, Ayuso-Mateos, JL, Vazquez-Barquero, JL, Diez-Manrique, FJ, Dowrick, CF (2000) The use of the Beck Depression Inventory to screen for depression in the general population: a preliminary analysis. J Affect Disord. 57: pp. 261-265
- Title
- Daily tea drinking is associated with a low level of depressive symptoms in the Finnish general population
- Journal
European Journal of Epidemiology
Volume 20, Issue 4 , pp 359-363
- Cover Date
- 2005-04-01
- 10.1007/s10654-005-0148-2
- Print ISSN
- 0393-2990
- Online ISSN
- 1573-7284
- Publisher
- Kluwer Academic Publishers
- Additional Links
- Topics
- Keywords
- Caffeine
- Depression
- General population
- Risk factors
- Tea
- Industry Sectors
- Authors
- Jukka Hintikka (1) (2)
- Tommi Tolmunen (1)
- Kirsi Honkalampi (1)
- Kaisa Haatainen (1)
- Heli Koivumaa-Honkanen (1) (2)
- Antti Tanskanen (2)
- Heimo Viinamäki (1) (2)
- Author Affiliations
- 1. Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- 2. The University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland


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Join Microsoft Product Marketing Manager David Fabritius as he takes you through Windows Server 2012 R2 Essentials and the new Windows Server Essentials Experience role available on the Standard and Datacenter editions of Windows Server 2012 R2.
Instructor | David Fabritius – Microsoft Product Marketing Manager
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Learn how end users can interact with the server using the Launchpad, shared folders, the Remote Web Access portal, and the My Server apps for Windows 8 and Windows Phone.
Free Microsoft Training Delivered by Experts


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The Cutest Mask In the World
Introducing individual-use face treatments that are disguised as tiny servings of half and half VIEW MORE >
Introducing individual-use face treatments that are disguised as tiny servings of half and half VIEW MORE >
Because this '90s throwback thing is still going strong VIEW MORE >
Think less Olympia Dukakis in 'Steel Magnolias,' and more Daria Werbowy in the new Céline ads VIEW MORE >
Rules are meant to be broken. VIEW MORE >
How to look as cool as Loulou (it's not as hard as you think) VIEW MORE >
Weekend makeup: think light, think luxe, think multi-use. VIEW MORE >
An eye shadow match made in heaven—or, actually, in the office VIEW MORE >
Trying on Saint Laurent and talking beauty basics with the better-than-ever model VIEW MORE >
Alana demonstrates the easiest eye you'll ever do VIEW MORE >
These are not your little sister's temporary tattoos VIEW MORE >
Sheila Marquez channels the angst-ridden teen (dream) girl you might have been too scared to talk to VIEW MORE >
All the inspiration and makeup you need to hit the nail on the mistletoe (ITG-style) VIEW MORE >
Meghan Collison, Penelope, and the art of liquid liner VIEW MORE >
Or, How to look totally different with five minutes worth of strategic makeup (featuring Esther Heesch) VIEW MORE >
Meghan Collison wears Emily's obsession of the (coming) season: Clé de Peau's limited-edition Satin Eye Color VIEW MORE >
Aline Weber didn't do couture—she's more of an Isabel Marant kind of girl—but that doesn't mean she can't appreciate the makeup. VIEW MORE >
Has the poster child of nineties androgyny gone femme? VIEW MORE >
"It's like a cloud…" Anja K whispered into the mirror, freeing her puff of platinum hair from an elastic. "It's acting up today." The twenty-one-year-old, pint-sized (5'4") model has been running all over New York, rumors of high-profile, career-making bookings trailing close behind. VIEW MORE >


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Product Review – 2013-2014 Blog Planner
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News Roundup: Vacation Edition
- Engine 145 is on vacation this week, but we'll be back with new content next Monday. Until then, here are some things to read about, listen to, and discuss.
- There was a Ralph Stanley 78 rpm record released last Record Store Day. Are any of your favorite artists using one of these "alternatives to just putting out a boring old record"? Would you even want them to?
- Miranda Lambert has launched a new app for her "Fastest Girl in Town" video.
- Download Chris Knight's new single, "In the Mean Time," on his Facebook page. Knight's Little Victories album will be released September 11.
- Peter Cooper talks with Radney Foster about new-old album Del Rio, TX Revisited: Unplugged and Lonesome.
- This new book about sad songs looks like a fun read: Adam Brent Houghtaling's This Will End in Tears: The Miserablist Guide to Music. Here's a recent NPR feature about it.
- Jonny Corndawg's changing his name back to Jonny Fritz.
- Richard Thompson's "1952 Vincent Black Lightning" is the American Songwriter Lyric of the Week.
- Check out the track listing for Jerrod Niemann's next album, Free the Music, due out October 2.
- Here's a new Quotable Country.
- On August 15, at 5 p.m. Central, you can watch the IBMA Award Nominee Announcement live at MusicCityRoots.com.
- What was the first song you bought? The one you want played at your funeral? Six Songs of Me is compiling mini-playlists to "uncover the music that matters most."
- New and new-ish videos:
Willie Nelson – "A Horse Called Music"
Pert Near Sandstone – "Snake Charmer"
Kasey Chambers – "Barricades and Brickwalls" and "The Captain" (Live at the Birchmere)
The Reverend Peyton's Big Damn Band – "Devils Look Like Angels"
Justin Moore – "'Til My Last Day"
Reckless Kelly – "Weatherbeaten Soul"
Lydia Loveless – "Back on the Bottle"
Jason Aldean – "Take a Little Ride"
3 Comments
After reading that edition of "Quotable Country" I refuse to ever bad-mouth Toby Keith again. He clearly knows what he's talking about when it comes to great songwriters.
Enjoy your vacation, Juli. You definitely deserve one.
Here's a really new video – a performance the day before yesterday by Chris Jones & The Night Drivers of what I believe to be one of the best songs ever written by Tom T. Hall, along with Miss Dixie Hall:
Current Discussion
- Paige: Oh damn. :( I never commented here and I haven't been listening to any music at all since Thanksgiving (it …
- Dave W.: Just read the news here. Will miss E145 very much - love this site. All the best to you Juli …
- Leeann Ward: Oh, dang! This is real. Farewell to the most generous, informative, quality, intelligent, consistent, ethical country music blog! You …
- bll: Thanks Juli for all the great articles and information; you'll be missed by me and I suss several others. Best …
- Both Kinds of Music: I hope people appreciate the irony that one of the best "Americana" albums is titled Metamodern Sounds in COUNTRY Music.
- Barry Mazor: I would not rule out that possibility..There's a different set of voters involved..
- Dana M: Does anyone else think that Brandy Clark actually has a good chance of winning since this isn't a country awards …
- Juli Thanki: UPDATE: Brandy Clark got a Best New Artist nom. BEST AMERICANA ALBUM: Rosanne Cash -- The River & The Thread John Hiatt -- Terms …
- luckyoldsun: Glenn Campbell is great and I'd love to see him get an award, but the words of that song may …
- Casey Penn: Juli, it was an honor to write for you here on Engine145.com. You're good at what you do, and The …


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Staff Reporter
By Indian Medical Council
KOCHI: The Cooperative Medical College at Kalamassery, in its seventh year of existence, will seek yet another inspection by the Indian Medical Council this year before admissions for the next academic session begin.
The college is preparing itself for the inspection, said K.G. Balakrishnan, director, Cooperative Academy of Professional Education. According to a lecturer in private medical college, the crucial problem relates to staff strength. The Cooperative College is left no better than other medical colleges or even the Government Medical colleges, where staff are transferred from one place to another during an inspection.
"The situation is not bad. We have a shortage of 22 staff members, mainly in the senior professor level. We have advertised the vacancies and are looking for professors who retire from Government colleges," said Mr. Balakrishnan.
Senior-level doctors are available, but a medical college requires doctors with teaching experience, which is hard to get, he added.
While all the other infrastructure facilities are in good shape, the Medical College Hospital needs to be promoted, say members of the college. Connectivity to the hospital is the main hindrance for people.
In spite of talks with the District Administration and the Regional Transport Office, which had devised new routes for the hospital, few buses ply through the area. "We will hold another round of talks for improving transportation facility to the hospital," said Mr. Balakrishnan. The college will also consider running a few college buses from the HMT Junction to the hospital, he added.


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NAME Jalal Faks
BORN ON November 20, 1970
BORN IN Damascus, Syria
WORKS AS Adjudications Officer, U.S. Citizenship & Immigration Services
EMIGRATED TO THE U.S. IN July 1989
LIVES IN Sherwood
NATURALIZED ON March 30, 1999
I'VE BEEN WORKING AT the immigration office since 2002. I interview people to make sure they're eligible for the benefits they're seeking, whether it's naturalization or permanent residency. Most, if not all, immigrants value the principles this country was founded on. That's why you see the happiness on their faces when they take the oath. They're proud.
I was born in Syria and grew up in Kuwait. When I was 18, I came here to study chemical engineering at Oregon State University. My dad had a business in Kuwait City selling new and used cars: American cars. Everybody loves American cars in the Middle East, because they can stand up to the weather.
Everything changed on August 2, 1990. I had just come home from class when I turned on CNN and the announcer said Iraq had invaded Kuwait. I watched airplanes bombarding Kuwait City and I'm like, "That's my neighborhood! That's where we live!"
My dad lost everything. He watched Iraqi soldiers load his cars onto trailers and truck them north. All of his property, his life savings—it all disappeared.
My brother had married an American, and so he sponsored my dad, my mother, my other brother, and my two sisters to come here. After they arrived in January 1993, my dad became a U.S. citizen as soon as he could. He loved this country, and until the day he died in 2004, he always reminded us how grateful we should be. My dad had lived in Kuwait for more than 40 years, but he was not allowed to become a Kuwaiti citizen because he had been born in Syria.
When my family visits Syria, we say we're American. We are Arab Americans, but we always say the word "American." It has become a part of who we are.
When I came home in 2007, the inspection officer at the airport asked me where I had been. I said, "Syria," and she told me I needed to get an interview with a supervisor. When the supervisor asked me where I worked, he was surprised. He seemed embarrassed. I like to think that most Americans welcome immigrants and respect them and believe that the United States is better because of immigrants, not in spite of them.


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Pronunciation: CryoSat
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Pronunciation: Megawati
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Martinez stops Macklin in middleweight fight
NEW YORK Sergio Martinez sliced up Mack The Knife.
In a middleweight fight dubbed "Get Your Irish Up" on St. Patrick's night, Martinez dominated Matthew Macklin in an action-packed bout and stopped him after 11 rounds Saturday. Macklin, an Englishman whose parents are Irish, was the clear favorite of the crowd at the Theater at Madison Square Garden, but Martinez was clearly the better fighter.
Although no major belts were at stake because of sanctioning issues, Martinez kept his reputation as the top middleweight in the world with a late surge. He decked the game but outmatched Macklin twice near the end of the 11th round, then Macklin's corner asked referee Eddie Cotton to stop it before the 12th round began.
"It was the right thing to stop the fight," Martinez said. "He will now have a tomorrow. He would not have had a tomorrow if they continued the fight."
Martinez now is 49-2-2 with 28 knockouts. He struggled early and even had his glove touch the canvas for a knockdown in the seventh round after Macklin connected with an overhand right.
But that was Macklin's final big punch as he fell to 28-4 and ended the fight on his stool, the blood from cuts on his face having stained his green trunks.
The crowd of 4,671 featured a rooting section for Martinez waving Argentine flags that was dwarfed by the green-clad Macklin supporters. Macklin's fans vigorously sang the Ireland national anthem, then were invigorated by Macklin's strong early showing.
But the 37-year-old Martinez's maturity began to show in the eighth round, and the bout never was close after that.
"It was about being a mature boxer. It was winning on his mistakes," said Martinez, who has held the WBC crown, but had it stripped in early 2011.
Regardless, most boxing observers considered him the true champion, and in the final four rounds against 29-year-old Macklin, he looked to be in his prime.
"The better man won tonight. I thought it was a close fight up until the last few rounds when he pulled away," Macklin said.
Macklin was ahead on one scorecard until Martinez closed him out. Through eight rounds, though, he was ahead on all three cards.
"I lost my shape a bit," Macklin said. "I think I proved where I belong tonight and that is in the top two or three. I don't think too many could give him this tough a fight."
The crowd of 4,671 featured a rooting section for Martinez waving Argentine flags that was dwarfed by the green-clad Macklin supporters. Macklin's fans vigorously sang the Ireland national anthem, then were invigorated by Macklin's strong early showing.
Martinez's left-handed stance didn't bother Macklin early, but when Martinez began connecting with lefty leads, it gave Macklin trouble. And after the quick but undamaging knockdown in the seventh, Martinez rallied with three straight sharp lefts to Macklin's face.
By the 10th round, Macklin lost all pretense of attacking. He was holding on, trying to be defensive, and Martinez pounced.


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KIDZ BOP Comes to Fort Collins – Aug. 16, 2014
KGAB 650AM is proud to support TRI 102.5 in Fort Collins as they bring the number-one kids' music brand in the country, KIDZ BOP, to the Fort Collins Lincoln Center on August 16!
The Best Events To See At Baseball Games (That's Not Baseball)
With our upcoming Take Me Out To The Ballgame contest going on, we wanted to bring baseball to the top of your summer list. Not a fan of baseball? We've got you covered.
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Follow FEMA:
Main Content
Photo by Walter Jennings - Jul 03, 2008
Spring Green, Wis., July 4, 2008 -- Three weeks after heavy rains that caused wide spread flooding in Central and Southern Wisconsin, many areas continue to remain accessible only by boat or high clearance vehicles. Many homeowners have temporarily moved out of their homes due to lack of electricity, telephone and water and sewer service. FEMA/Walter Jennings - Location: Spring Green, WI


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Raqmiyat is UAE well established Company, certified ISO9001, and dedicated to BFS and Government sectors. Their solutions include Banking Solutions (Payment Systems), Enterprise Infrastructure Solutions, Mobile Banking solutions and now Exalead. The customer base includes 50+ banks across UAE and Governmental Organizations
Designed to be scalable across all Dassault Systemes software, the PLM Partners Program offers a global, flexible framework to support the growth of our partners' businesses while providing key tools (sales, marketing, technical support and communication) to strengthen their PLM skills.


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Every year, the ASPCA creates a top-quality wall calendar that we give out to our friends and supporters. These calendars feature ASPCA team members and their adopted pets—and around the office, competition to make it into the calendar is pretty steep!
We're putting our 2014 calendar together right now, and staffers representing all 12 months of the year have been photographed with their furry friends. There's only one big decision left to make, and we're leaving the answer up to you: Who should grace the calendar's cover?
We've narrowed down the field to four contenders. Check out the photos that are in the running, read a little about the sweet, adopted subjects, and then cast your vote for our 2014 Cover Dog or Cat. The pet whose photo gets the most votes will have his or her face in homes all over America!
Love cats, but agree had to vote for Deacon. What a Ham!!!!
Add me to the list of 'cat-lovers' (I have four). But I love dogs, too; I recently lost my Sheltie. This is a difficult one, alright! I love Kenya, but I also have to go with Deacon ... mainly because of his smile.
Funny, I am a HUGE dog lover and found it tough to choose between the cats. Guess it just goes to show how very special all of these beautiful creatures are to us. Oh... My vote was for the black cat!


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BackgroundCossacks is a RTS set in 16th-18th century Europe, representing more than 85 large-scale wars and battles set during that time for single and multiplayer (including the Thirty Years War, the Northern War and the Seven Years War). Play as one of 16 nations, each with their own unique units and technology developments. Manage your resources well, and wage war on unfriendly nations using a variety of tactics and units (ground and naval). Up to 8000 units (total) can be in one battle!
- Grandiose battles of up to 8000 units.
- Unlimited variety of tactical and strategic methods of land or sea war against enemies.
- Original economic system with six resources: food, wood, stone, gold, coal and iron.
- Full 3D landscape with real world physics.
- Resolution: 800 x 600, 1024 x 768, 1280 x 1024, 1600 x 1024.
- Huge maps up to 36x36 game screens at 1280x1024 resolution.
- Special effects – smoke, fog, explosions, buildings' burning, explosion rebounds, real-time water rendering.
- Multiplayer game supports up to 7 players via modem, local network, or Internet.
- Random Map and Historical Battles modes.
- Random map generator.
- 16 rivaling nations with their original graphics, economic and technical development peculiarities.
- Original game interface More than 85 real historical large-scale wars and battles of XVI-XVIII centuries.
- A huge technological hierarchy of more than 300 upgrades.
- Military formations: column, rank, or square. A formation includes an officer and a drummer, and units' abilities increase in a formation
Hardware RequirementsWin95/98/2000/ME/NT
Pentium 200
1 MB video card
200 MB available hard disk space
8x CD-ROM
Sound card
Recommended Specs
Pentium II 233 or better
64 mb of ram
4mb of video ram
200 mb HDD
12X CD-Rom
Sound card
DirectX 6.
Official URLOfficial Site
- Izmena cheat Sep 27
- Cossacks: European Wars All Demos Aug 7
- Can't join or create May 1
- Cossacks Grafiks and speed problem Sep 6
Cossacks: Art of War Announced
CDV Software Entertainment has officially announced today the add-on for Cossacks: European Wars, Cossacks: Art of... posted Aug 27, 01 8:28pm
Cossacks:European war
Très bon jeu de stratégie temps réel, près de 300 upgrades
Cossacks - European Wars
Beats AOE hands down
Coassakcs: European Wars
It is a very good game which i think deserves 5.0 points.
Cossacks: A classic in the making?
These chaps have done a great job!
I can sit for hours (which this game requires you to...
Cossacks , European War
Game is currently unavailable here, but from what I`ve seen of the demo - this is a...
This Game is the closest you will get to real war on your PC at home.
Unlimited resource is a bit odd but I guess it is the only way to play this game, and...
Cossacks: European Wars Ships
"We couldn't be happier to announce that Cossacks has shipped to the North American market, " says Don McFatridge,... posted Apr 24, 01 7:31pm
Cossacks Goes Gold, Coming April 24th
"We are looking forward to the release of Cossacks in the North American market," says Don McFatridge, President of... posted Apr 12, 01 9:48pm
Strategy First Picks Up Cossacks For North American Release
If you're hankering for a RTS game based on the historical events of sixteenth to eighteenth century Europe then you... posted Jan 16, 01 1:28am
- Genre: Real-time Strategy (PC)
- Theme(s): Military, Historical
- Perspective(s): Isometric
- Developer: GSC Game World
- Publisher: CDV Software Gmbh
Released North America Apr 24, 2001
- Player Info:
- Online Multi-player (7)


text: The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) systematically violates the basic rights of its population. Although it has signed four key international human rights treaties and includes rights protections in its constitution, it allows no organized political opposition, free media, functioning civil society, or religious freedom. Arbitrary arrest, detention, lack of due process, and torture and ill-treatment of detainees remain serious and endemic problems. North Korea also practices collective punishment for various anti-state offenses, for which it enslaves hundreds of thousands of citizens in prison camps, including children. The government periodically publicly executes citizens for stealing state property, hoarding food, and other "anti-socialist" crimes.


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Bandagezxo, on 15 October 2014 - 04:06 AM, said:
Also, I can't jog my ankle is broken I am not suppose to be even walking GG IDIOT
Wasn't it your foot earlier?
Edit: That's not a fat joke, he's calling you crazy and he's right. Seek help.
Jump to content
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text:
Bubble Disc
Product Code: P210
Bubble Disc
The Bubble Disc by Elite make great additions to any aquarium, improving aeration and creating attractive decorative bubble displays.
The air disc comes in 3 sizes: Bubble Disc 1 (7.5cm), Bubble Disc 2 (10cm) and Bubble Disc 3 (12cm).
Approximate Dimensions (Product): Bubble Disc 1 - H14.5 x W10 x D2.5cm; Bubble Disc 2 - H18 x W12.5 x D2.5cm; Bubble Disc 3 - H22 x W15 x D2.5cm.
Delivery Options
- Standard (up to 4 working days) £4.95
(Free standard delivery for orders over £29)
- Next day AM £9.95
- Next day PM £9.95
- Saturday £11.95
- Free Collect in Store Available


text:
Ed Westwick in Double Denim
Ed Westwick probably has to be one of my favorite celebrities to write about. I just find him to be one of the cool guys out there when it comes to the celebrities and I just find him hilarious on Gossip Girl (Chuck and Blair are probably the best ones on there). Plus, he just seems so down to earth like many of the cast members of the show.
This time we spotted him at the New York Knicks game showing some of his acting abilities. He showed "The Thinker," "The Boredom," and "Hmm" faces all in his double denim look consisting of a grey toned denim shirt with some medium washed jeans that I think might be his favorite pair of Levi's that he has been spotted in few times before.
3 Responses to "Ed Westwick in Double Denim"
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Hellooo, sexy Paul Wesley, sitting unnoticed in the background (:


text: ClassicsOnline Gift Certificates are perfect for the music lover on your list. Available in 10, 15, 20 and 50 denominations, giving this gift helps your loved one connect with the music they love. Gift Certificates make a perfect compliment to a new portable music device, new computer or game console - anything that can play .mp3s!


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Prince William Races Home to Kate Middleton on His Motorcycle (Photo)
William and Kate, now officially the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge since their nuptials on April 29, jetted off to the Seychelles, an archipelago in the Indian Ocean, following their lavish wedding for an equally lavish honeymoon that reportedly cost over $700,000. They came back just in time to meet another kind of royal couple, Barack and Michelle Obama, today while the President and First Lady toured the U.K.
See the photo below!
But William did get a chance to squeeze in some time to unwind and bond with friends the night before when he was snapped playing soccer in Battersea Park. Afterwards, he hopped on his Ducati and sped home to see his lady.
- Filed under:
- Famous Couples -
- Photos -
- Prince William -
- Kate Middleton
- Tuesday 24 May
Where's his security detail? He's asking to be kidnapped for ransom.
- Tuesday 24 MayBy drewziggy
Thats only in america
- Tuesday 24 MayBy hello kittyHigh Rank Vote downVote upReport this
You think he can't hold his own?
- Wednesday 25 MayBy Ken
Just because you don't see the security in the photo provided does not mean they aren't there. That BMW behind him could be one of his security details. Believe me - no member of the royal family goes out and about without security being present. They aren't seen. But they are there. Always.
- Tuesday 24 MayBy MadameXLowest Rank Vote downVote upReport this
lol...gawwwd, give these two a rest. they are NOT special.
- Tuesday 24 May
I always admired Princess Diana for her HUMANITARIAN WAYS and HER COURAGE, like mother like son, Prince Williams is a PEOPLE'S PERSON, he might even abdicate the crown for his bride, I feel he would, God bless them with a long life togehter until death do them part !
- Tuesday 24 MayBy Heather
why in the world would he need to abdicate for his bride? she is not a divorcee.....
- Tuesday 24 MayBy SharonLow Ranked Vote downVote upReport this
Kate looks anorexic! Being that skinny makes people look like they are ill!
- Tuesday 24 MayBy Cara
As opposed to someone like yourself who is probably morbidly obese and thinks being fat is the new normal. It's not. This is what people should look like. Slim, trim and healthy.
- Tuesday 24 May
First, America's presidents are not now, nor have they ever been royalty. There is no hereditary succession in the USA (only three families have had relatives in the Oval Office: John/JohnQuincy Adams, Theodore/Franklin Delano Roosevelt, GW and Dubya Bush). Washington was clear in setting the standard for that by refusing more than two terms and refusing to be called Your Highness/Excellency.
Our President is a head of state, however, and, as such, is equal in rank to the Queen. His bowing of the head is inappropriate, as Americans do not show obeisance to "royals."
- Tuesday 24 MayBy radh13
Amen to that!!
- Tuesday 24 MayBy amanor2009High Rank Vote downVote upReport this
...I think it would be respectful to bow..he is visiting another country, if they were visiting here..then maybe that might be different...when in Rome.
- Tuesday 24 MayBy sanjoy
There are thousands of men and women in graves around the United States and the world who died so that we would not have to bow down to any "Royalty".
- Thursday 26 May
How about William Henry HYarrison, 1841 9th Pres. and Benjamin Harrison 1889-1893, 23rd Pres.?
- Tuesday 24 MayBy ERIN
I LOVE that they both always look so happy, they glow. It's great to see. I hope it'll always be that way.
- Tuesday 24 MayBy Dee
The Obama's are not royals!!They are just person lucky enough to be living in the Whitehouse!!!
I think Prince Williams needs to watch out for the photo takers!! Remember they are the people who help kill his Mother!!
- Tuesday 24 MayBy Boowahbabe
A little respect for both, Pres. and Royals, PLEASE
- Tuesday 24 MayBy LindaLow Ranked Vote downVote upReport this
- Tuesday 24 MayBy lhiland68
Who dresses Michelle??? She looked as though she was wearing a poodle skirt that shrunk in the dryer. Among all the other ladies she looked very drab!
- Tuesday 24 MayBy Dee2020
I like first lady Michelle dress but her top tank or sweater is on bit of loud color. The sweaters might look pretty in pastels or in neutral tones... that is all.
But both couples are so lovely and looks beautiful.
Jennifer Aniston
Is it Brad(ley) and Jen take 2? Jen was spotted out on the town with dreamboat ...
Paris Hilton
After Fairly Legal actress, Sarah Shahi, laid into Paris via Twitter for almost...
Kate Middleton
Kate Middleton is officially a princess. She walked the aisle in an Alexander...
Denise Richards
According to Denise, she's not sure that her estranged ex is completely sober....
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Which surface do you prefer?
I had a match yesterday against i guy i previously beat pretty easily so expected an easy win. Last time we played at my club where it is pretty slow and the ball bounces up pretty high. I play with alot of topspin so this suits me perfectly. Anyways played at his club this time on a skiddy astroturf surface and the ball hardly bounced it just skidded through and i were constantly hitting it late. I still won but faced 4 match points on the way to victory! Cant believe how much difference the court can make!!
Skid-fast courts for sure.
I've only gotten to play on it once, but given the chance, I'd play on grass every day of the week. Short of that, give me a fast indoor hard court. Either suits my game very well.
I am under 6 feet, don't serve well, and have ok movement. My groundstrokes are far better. I play best on clay.
I like to S&V and generally get to the net as often as possible. I don't like (playing or watching) long baseline rallies. I prefer VERY low bouncing fast skidding courts. So for me - grass or fast hard courts. Can't stand clay.
The court the OP describes sounds great to me. :)
My playing style prefers fast hard courts.
My aging body prefers clay.
Pretty suprised that the majority so far likes faster courts! Guess it depends on your playing style. Am going to try to avoid playing at that club again to be honest cos the rallies were really short and we spent most the match picking balls up!
Knees and lower back appreciate clay. Sliding into shots is much easier than stopping on a dime on a hard court.
I dislike everything about clay, the irregular bounces, the dead spots, the particles that get in your shoes (and your throat). My game is much better on a fast court.
Your throat? Never had that happen.
hard court for me...
Don't like the green rubico that much, the white strips make the ball bounce funny, grit gets in shoes and on the bottoms of bags. Interlocking plastic plays like hard courts except very slippery when wet, nubs will eat your hands and knees up if you fall, and the static electricity is shocking. never played on grass.
Give me an indoor fast to medium hard court any day. No wind, no sun in yor eye on the serve, and a well struck ball is rewarded.
I'm okay with hard-tru, it's fun to get out an hit on it every once in a while and it is easier on the body.
Only played on red clay for about 30 minutes and the court wasn't well groomed - can't really judge.
Our college courts were on astro-turf and did part time duty in a facility designed to convert to indoor soccer or football practice. It was ok, but the bounce was inconsistent due to the padding.
Hate the hard courts at a lot of high schools in my area which seem to be some sort of rubberized, padded surface over concrete. Ball just dies on that surface.
Never played on grass.
Worse courts I played on - a tie between hard-tru in a bubble (it was over watered, muddy, and like playing in a sauna) or my high school courts which looked like they put tennis balls under the surface every 5 feet.
I've played on all of the above, and gotta say, I haven't met a surface I didn't like. I'd vote for grass, as my all time favorite, as I liked the serve and volley game it forced us into. And it was very easy on the joints. But I only played on true grass once. Maybe another day it wouldn't be as fun.
I do love having variety. With indoor and outdoor converging, this month I'm playing three different leagues on three different surfaces. Very cool.
Medium-fast hard court for me.
I'm an aggressive baseliner, so a slow court works against me. But a super fast court is not good either since I like the ball to sit up just a bit for me to take a big swing at :)
Never played on grass.
Only a few times on clay (not many clay courts in CA)
How about indoor carpet! :D
If I was putting a court in my back yard I would put a hard tru court back there.
I have to say I think I would love grass but had never played on it.
I think my game is best suited for hard courts, but amazingly in my limited experience on hard-tru I have never lost ... something like 12-0.
Learnt the game properly on Grass so I still love it, off bouces and all. I enjoy a hard court but have only played on one so am not sure how much they vary. Clay wise I quite enjoyed Har-Tru and have also played on an Artificial Clay at a club in the local league that to all visual inspections looks like a brown astro turf but certainly plays very slowly.
Most club league tennis around here is played on what is locally called artificial grass but is basically astro. I've also spent a lot of time playing on indoor carpet.
Overall I struggle to pick a favourite but I probably play best on the carpet- the skidding bounce and the fast courts seem to suit my game.
I also like the lack of bad bounces on hard, but I like the ball marks for making calls on clay.
I like to play on hard and clay. I played on carpet for a few minutes and didn't like. But if I played on it longer I may get use to it. Never played on grass so I don't know how that feels to play on.
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Upper Darby
Police: Suspect Surrenders In 'Knockout' Attack Of Homeless Man In Drexel Hill
One of four suspects in the random and violent "knockout" attack of a homeless man in Delaware County is in police custody.
Upper Darby Man Charged With Rape Tied To Craigslist Ad
Upper Darby police have arrested a man on rape and human-trafficking charges, after he allegedly assaulted a woman who answered a job posting on Craigslist.
Store Owner Accused Of Using Taser On Teen in Upper Darby
Upper Darby Police tell CBS 3 store owners have a right to defend themselves, but in this case the store owner went too far.
Cops: Man Accused Of Rape Inside Upper Darby Church Surrenders
Upper Darby Police have arrested a suspect who is accused of raping a woman inside a church.
Traffic Stop In West Philly Leads To Car Chase, Shots Fired In Upper Darby, Suspect In Custody
Police tried to stop a 2003 Buick at 63rd and Vine in West Philadelphia because the window tints were too dark, but the driver took off.
Police: Suspect Sought In Rape At Delaware County Church
Police are searching for a man who they believe is now on the run.
EXCLUSIVE: String of Robberies Target Pizza Delivery Drivers in Upper Darby
All the robberies happened in Upper Darby, Delaware County.
Cops: Suspect In Upper Darby Hit-Run In Police Custody
Police in Upper Darby say they have a suspect in custody in connection with a hit and run that left a man in critical condition.
Police Investigate Reported Hit-And-Run in Upper Darby
It happened around 10:30 p.m. Thursday in the 7000 block of West Chester Pike.
Upper Darby Cop Arrested And Charged With DUI
A 19-year-veteran of the Upper Darby Police Department has been arrested and charged with DUI and other related offenses.
Delaware County's Masked Suspect Arrested For Robbery, 2 Attempted Robberies
In each of the incidents, suspect Blair Thomas, Jr. is described as wearing a rubber type mask to hide his appearance.
Police: Upper Darby Man Bludgeoned To Death Inside Home
Upper Darby police are investigating the beating death of a 59 year-old man whose body was found Monday morning in his home.
Upper Darby Man Arrested For Child Pornography Claims 'I Couldn't Help Myself'
Police have arrested 75-year-old David Anthony Seiver, of Upper Darby, for possession of child pornography possession and dissemination and criminal use of a communications facility.
Reward Offered In Upper Darby Residential Burglary
The Upper Darby Police Department is offering a $1,500 reward for the arrest and conviction of three suspects wanted in connection with a burglary investigation.
1 Man Dead, Firefighter Injured In Upper Darby House Blaze
The fire was reported shortly before 10 p.m. Thursday in the 700 block of Westwood Lane.


text: 1 MICROSOFT 52A-00005 Xbox 360 Gamepad 16 reviews Dual analogue controls Wired USB Home delivery Order & Collect £24.99 Product details This Microsoft Xbox 360 Gamepad in black ensures that you get the very best out of your gaming experience every time! Compatible with all Windows based PCs and the Xbox 360 console, enjoy the comfort and functionality of this must-have gaming accessory. Ergonomic Design The sleek design of the controller is also ergonomic, ensuring comfort over long periods of use. Precision thumb sticks with two pressure-point triggers also provide ease-of-use as well as versatility in-game. Enhanced... Find out more More info


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Pauline L Klein
Portland, OR
Basic information on Pauline L Klein, Portland OR. Find Pauline L Klein's age, gender, possible aliases, associates and professional status.
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But if this isn't enough for you, try sticking around for the free yoga classes. The best impact lululemon pants have had is at the gym. lululemon canada,cyber monday lululemon. So the deals must be worth it right? For me, that alone, is enough to justify the premium I pay for these pants. I'm talking about a real workout, the kind that will have you soaking in a pool of your own sweat. Even though I have to take a ferry to get there, because I go to school on an island named after some queen of England. These pants are functional for women and also accentuate their figures. In a world of cheap knockoffs, it's good to know that such quality still exists. Lululemon are the yoga pants that all other pants dream of being. Well the answer is who cares. That woman looks great and you can too! Women look good the minute they put them on and they can check themselves out in the mirror and see that they look hot thus increasing their motivation. lululemon cyber monday sale,lululemon pants. Maybe you have noticed the women at the gym with great butts. lululemon cyber monday. They're so good in fact, that I once risked missing my ferry back home! Now the question is, who is responsible for the great butt? lululemon cyber monday deal. Just knowing that I'm working out in comfortable attire, allows me to feel good and maybe work out just a tiny bit longer. But anyway, for this type of exercise, you need the proper gear. What makes Lululemon so special, is its signature material, Luon, which took the founder two years to create.
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2013 Prizes Your team could win GREAT PRIZES, while having fun outdoors.
Season Grand Prizes from REI will be awarded to the top 25 teams (cumulative points for the entire season) at the end of 2013.
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DogTrekker.com "Dogs of Capture California" Photo Contest (June 24-July 31) -- Little River Inn "DogCation": Winner receives two nights lodging in a pet-friendly Oceanview Room with fireplace and breakfast for two with your dog in your room or in the parlor. Valid through June 2014, not applicable during holidays or events. No cash value.
Weekly Prizes will be awarded to the team with the most number of points accumulated in each week (Monday – Sunday), from Memorial Day to Labor Day.
To see a full list of prizes and their descriptions, CLICK HERE.
The California Parks Company and the County of Santa Clara Parks and Recreation Department have entered into an agreement and are moving forward with plans to run Capture California as the "Parks for Life Challenge" ...
Read more »
Starting in September, Capture California will return with a new partner, new adventures and more fun. Changes will begin appearing on this site during August, with a new game launching in September. Stay tuned.
Read more »


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Date: 1910 ca.
Description: Two men stand on a ledge in the granite quarry in Montello. Three other men stand below. The side of the quarry rises up above the group in the background....
Description: View of the Montello granite quarry grounds shows piles of granite paving blocks. In the background, a team of horses pulls a wagon under an elevated narro...
Date: 1894
Description: Everetta Bass, holding a basket of flowers, and her mother Ada on a hill by the mill pond (Montello Lake). The far shoreline of the lake can be seen in the...
Description: Group portrait of the graduating class. The four men and four women are seated in the front yard of the photographer holding their diplomas.
Date: 1895-07-04
Description: The photographer's son Edward Cary Bass (right) on his first birthday, with Lois. They are sitting on a fur blanket among rocks. Taken at a picnic on Court...
Date: 1900 ca.
Description: Crowd gathered at the Montello railroad station.
Description: Man standing on the porch of a home belonging to either Mrs. Kelly or Mrs. Stevenson.
Date: date unknown
Description: Myrland's Sky Lodge, a vacation resort near Montello that boasted a private landing strip for pilots with small planes. The Piper Vagabond in the foregroun...
Date: 1893-08-30
Description: Local actors portray a Japanese wedding. The photographer's wife, Ada Bass, had a leading role in the production.
Date: 1890 ca.
Description: Ada Bass, wife of the photographer, standing in a room showing her long hair extending down her back.
Date: 1923 ca.
Description: View of Fountain Lake (officially known as Ennis Lake), John Muir's boyhood home near Montello. The area is now a 125-acre State Natural Area. Fountain Lak...
Date: 1928
Description: A young man fishes on the rocky shore by the Old Mill. The Mill is three-stories high and features a cupola with a wind vane on top.
Date: 1895 ca.
Description: Three unidentified women with umbrellas on the north shore of Buffalo Lake. Buildings of Montello are visible in the background.
Description: Girls from a Sunday school class. Everetta, the photographer's daughter, stands on right with hand warmer (muff).
Date: 1893
Description: Everetta Bass, sitting in a child's chair, holds a goblet and spoon in the company of her dolls and other toys on the porch of the Bass house.
Description: Dr. Edward A. Bass posing near boathouses and pond (Montello Lake).
Description: View across road of 226 East Montello Street, Lowe house.
Description: Ada Bass, the photographer's wife, posing in costume indoors.
Description: The exterior of the white public school building. Trees and bushes partially obstruct the view.
Description: Family group resting on Court House hill, near Perkin's cottage.
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