text:
Younis Khan and Kamran Akmal's 99-run stand proves crucial
PORT ELIZABETH: Younis Khan and Kamran Akmal put on a 99-run unbroken stand on Monday to win the second Test by five wickets and tie the three-match series against South Africa at 1-1.
Coming together at 92 for five, Younis finished on 67 not out and Akmal hit nine boundaries in his unbeaten 57 on the fourth day at St. George's Park.
Resuming on eight for no loss, Pakistan stumbled to 48 for three.
Imran Farhat (7) was caught by Jacques Kallis in the slips off Makhaya Ntini and Yasir Hameed was run out by Andre Nel while going for an unlikely single.
Mohammad Hafeez (32) was out leg-before-wicket off a delivery from Shaun Pollock.
Younis Khan and Mohammad Yousuf stabilised the innings with a 30-run partnership as Pakistan scored 70 runs in the session off 26 overs to finish the morning session on 78 for three.
Nine runs later, Yousuf was caught by Herschelle Gibbs off the bowling of Pollock for 18.
Captain Inzamam-ul-Haq (1) was out leg before wicket to Ntini and it looked like South Africa just might clinch the Test.
But the stand between Younis and Akmal steered Pakistan to a series-levelling victory in just 19 overs. Pollock took two for 47 and Ntini finished with two for 50.
The third Test starts on Friday at Newlands in Cape Town.
Shoaib, Gul to return
Pakistan's injured pace duo Shoaib Akhtar and Umar Gul will miss the rest of the team's tour to undergo rehabilitation for the World Cup, a Pakistan official said in Karachi on Monday.
``The team management in South Africa have told us that both Akhtar and Gul need time to regain fitness so they are returning home and will undergo rehabilitation,'' Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) spokesman Ahsan Malik said.
No replacements
Malik said no replacements have been sought but two to three players would be sent to join the team ahead of the one-day series which starts next month. The 31-year-old Akhtar, only sent as a replacement for Gul earlier this month, tore a hamstring muscle on the first day of the second Test.
Akhtar made a triumphant return to Test cricket after almost a year, taking four for 36 to help Pakistan bowl out South Africa for 124 in the first innings but failed to bowl in the second innings.
A scan on Akhtar's injury revealed he needs two weeks' rest, said Malik.
``It is advisable for Akhtar to regain fitness in Pakistan before the World Cup in the West Indies which is just two months away,'' said Malik.
Reports said Akhtar is also feared to have a recurrence of a knee injury. He underwent twin knee operations in February last year which forced him out of Pakistan's tours of Sri Lanka and England.
The 23-year-old Gul twisted his ankle before a three-day warm up match in South Africa and has since failed to regain full fitness.
Malik said all-rounder Shoaib Malik would stay with the team as his ankle injury, which forced him to miss the Tests, is likely to heal before the five-match one-day series. Agencies


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Gabrielle Giffords Attends Anniversary Vigil Marking One Year Since Shooting
Similar imagesView all
Dr. Peter Rhee, , Chief Division of Trauma, Critical Care and... News PhotoArizona,Healthcare And Medicine,Horizontal,Law,Surgery,Talking,Tucson,USA,UnwellPhotographer Jonathan GibbyCollection: Getty Images News 2012 Getty ImagesTUCSON, AZ - JANUARY 8: Dr. Peter Rhee, (C), Chief Division of Trauma, Critical Care and Emergency Surgery of The University of Arizona Medical Center speaks during the 'Remembering January 8th Candlelight Vigil' held at the University of Arizona Mall January 8, 2012 in Tucson, Arizona. The event was the culmination of several days commemorating the one year anniversary of a shooting rampage that killed six people and wounded more than a dozen more. (Photo by Jonathan Gibby/Getty Images)

subset: commoncrawl


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25th July 2013
Berkshire: Police treating late night assault in park as homophobic crime 1
1:58 PM — Thames Valley Police are treating an attack on two men in a park in Reading as a homophobic incident.
23rd July 2013
New York: 4 charged over homophobic assault on Long Island 6
10:49 AM — Four young men have been charged in connection with a homophobic attack on Long Island, New York.
11th July 2013
US: Lesbian couple attacked by ten men in hate crime attack 2
5:19 PM — A lesbian couple in South Austin, Chicago, have been attacked in what police are treating as a hate crime, by as many as ten men, before police intervened.
8th July 2013
Tel Aviv: Prime suspect of LGBT youth centre shooting reveals he was 'driven by biblical edict to attack homosexuals' 24
5:33 PM — The prime suspect in the fatal 2009 shooting at a Tel Aviv LGBT youth centre has confessed that he carried out the shooting "because of the biblical edict to attack homosexuals."
4th July 2013
Oregon: Five teenagers sentenced for attacking young gay man in a park 4
6:48 PM — Five teenagers in the US state of Oregon have been sentenced for attacking a 24-year-old gay man in a park.
25th June 2013
Sunderland: Two women suffer homophobic attack by gang of youths 3
12:19 PM — Police are appealing for information after a homophobic attack in Sunderland.
20th June 2013
US: Four relatives receive between eight and thirty years for kidnapping of gay Kentucky man 14
12:33 PM — A court has sentenced four relatives over the 2011 kidnapping and assault of Kevin Pennington, a gay man in the US state of Kentucky.
19th June 2013
First LGBT centre set to open this weekend in Carlisle 2
2:15 PM — Carlisle's first LGBT centre is set to open its doors this weekend.
14th June 2013
Labour MEP Michael Cashman: Putin's 'hate speech' has resulted in the 'barbaric killing' of gay Russian men 9
1:34 PM — The European Parliament has adopted a resolution condemning Russian MPs for passing a draconian homophobic censorship law, with Labour MEP Michael Cashman saying "hate speech" from President Putin and others has resulted in the "barbaric killing of gay men".
X Factor star Marcus Collins takes part in anti-hate crime campaign video 1
12:02 PM — Former X Factor singer Marcus Collins, a previous victim of a homophobic physical assault, has joined forces with Merseyside Police to raise awareness about hate crime in a campaign video.
11th June 2013
Mother of murdered gay teen Michael Causer hopes to raise £1 million in order to open LGBT hostel 10
1:24 PM — The mother of gay teenager Michael Causer who was killed in 2008 says she hopes to raise £1 million in order to open a hostel for vulnerable LGBT young people aged between 16-25.
7th June 2013
Israel: Police no longer treating LGBT centre shooting as hate crime 7
6:51 PM — Israeli police say the killing of two people at an LGBT youth centre in Tel Aviv four years ago is no longer being treated as a hate crime.
6th June 2013
France: President Hollande condemns fatal attack on teenage gay rights activist 26
9:11 PM — President Francois Hollande has condemned the fatal attack on a French teenage gay rights activist "in the strongest terms".
31st May 2013
US: Teen charged for hate crime shooting of trans woman 1
5:44 PM — A 16-year-old has been arrested for robbing and shooting a 22-year-old transgender woman in an attack she says was motivated by him finding out about her gender identity.
30th May 2013
New York: Memorial for gay man shot dead in Greenwich Village 3
3:45 PM — A memorial service has taken place in New York City for Mark Carson, a gay man who was shot dead earlier this month.
28th May 2013
New York: Teen charged following attack on gay rights activist 1
11:56 AM — A teenager has been charged in connection with an attack on gay rights activist Eugene Lovendusky in New York City.
25th May 2013
UK: Man jailed for attack on lesbian couple in Hartlepool takeaway 7
12:33 PM — A man has been jailed for an unprovoked attack on a lesbian couple, in which he punched and headbutted the two women in a takeaway in Hartlepool.
21st May 2013
New York: Thousands of protesters condemn murder of 'gay angel Mark Carson' 6
11:51 AM — Thousands of people marched in Manhattan on Monday to denounce a rise in violence against LGBT people, and in particular the brutal shooting on Saturday of Mark Carson.
19th May 2013
London: Gay couple threatened with death in violent late night homophobic assault 143
4:24 PM — The Metropolitan Police Service is investigating a vicious homophobic attack on a gay couple in south London, with one of the attackers saying "stay down faggot."
New York: Police say man shot in Greenwich Village was victim of homophobic hate crime 1
12:01 AM — The shooting of a man in New York City's Greenwich Village early on Saturday has been called an anti-gay hate crime by the police commissioner.


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Nine local players on TGCA all-state teams
Arden Richardson of Wichita Falls High School and Caitlin Wester of Rider were named to the Class 4A All-State team by the Texas Girls Coaches Association.
Wester was a senior libero for the Lady Raiders, while Richardson made the team as a defensive specialist but filled about every job in her standout career at Old High.
Area players honored on the 2A all-state team included Kristy Weaver, senior libero, Nocona; Zowie O'Neal, sophomore, middle blocker, Nocona; Katie Dowd, senior, outside hitter, Holliday; and Allison Whitehead, junior, middle blocker, Henrietta.
Class A champion Windthorst also had two selections: junior outside hitter Whitney McCorkle and junior setter Marissa Schreiber. Archer City junior Presley Stallcup, an outside hitter, also made the Class A squad.
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The state transport department has prepared a new format for those applying for a driving licence which, for the first time, mentions a third sex category in addition to 'male' and 'female'. The category has been labeled 'shemale', which has distressed the LGBT community.
"The term is commonly used in the porn industry and I am dejected by this. On one hand you want to acknowledge the rights of the community, but on the other hand you demean us in this way," said Urmi Jadhav, a transgender working with the LGBT community.
Shemale (also she-male) is defined by Wikipedia as "a derogatory term used (but not exclusively) in sex work to describe trans women with male genitalia and augmented female breasts from breast augmentation and / or use of hormones. The term she-male is offensive primarily because it mocks the gender identity and expressions of trans individuals and it places emphasis on the biological sex of the person over the gender. … The phrase is commonly found on porn sites."
The transport commissioner's office is probably only the third government department to recognise a third category after the election commission and the passport office. But these two departments have used the label 'transgender' and 'others'.
"It is derogatory and definitely incorrect. They shouldn't be making such an error. By such a reference the authorities are disempowering people. They should issue an apology," said Harish Iyer, an LGBT rights activist.
Reacting to the criticism, SB Sahasrabudhhe, additional transport commissioner, said the department would correct the name soon. "We never intended to demean anyone. As this issue has been brought to our notice, we will take corrective measures," Sahasrabudhhe said.
Sonal Giani, advocacy officer with Humsafar Trust, welcomed the acknowledgement of a third gender, but expressed disappointment over the blunder.
"It seems that someone who is ignorant on the subject has done this, no research has been done before taking this decision which has been taken without consulting the community," Giani said.
Activists said gender neutral terms being used internationally are 'ze', 'zir', 'sie' and 'hir'.
Unable to register
Some persons applying online for a learner's licence have not been able to register for an appointment. Despite seats available displayed on the website, when one clicks to register the system does not accept the registration.


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Bed Bug Myths Debunked: Bed Bug Super Dogs Reveals Truth About Bed Bug Myths as People Scramble to Avoid Infestation
Bed Bug Super Dogs, a leading provider of NESDCA-certified canine bed bug detection for individuals and large property owners, has identified "" and debunked — the top bed bug myths now circulating among those worried about a possible infestation. Finding bed bugs, freezing bed bugs, identifying bed bug bites, pesticide resistance among bed bugs — all are items that are addressed.
New York, NY (PRWEB) December 17, 2010
Bed Bug Super Dogs, a leading provider of NESDCA-certified canine bed bug detection, has identified "" and debunked — the top bed bug myths now circulating among those worried about a possible infestation.
"Bed bugs are causing enormous, and in some cases unnecessary, anxiety," said David Baer, CEO of Bed Bug Super Dogs. "Replacing myths with facts will help reduce fear, increasing public awareness and early detection, which are the best ways to prevent or limit the spread of the bugs."
The myths and the facts (with thanks to entomologist Lou Sorkin):
- You can find bed bugs by using a flashlight in a dark room.
Using a flashlight in a dark room "" presumably in hopes of catching bed bugs by surprise as they search for victims "" is not an effective way to determine if you have an infestation. A flashlight can help you look in cracks, but bed bugs can hide very effectively, and stalking bed bugs in the dark might drive you crazy. One way to help keep an eye out for the bugs is to use pastel-colored sheets, which provide a contrast against which it is easier to see pale-colored, unfed nymphs. This background may make it easier to find the difficult-to-see, young bed bug nymphs, especially those that have not yet fed.
- Place infested items in the freezer to kill the bugs.
If you place an infested backpack in your freezer, you will have a cold, infested backpack. You will have to leave it there for months to kill the bugs, and the freezer has to be very cold to kill them. Some cooler temperatures can actually extend the life of the bug. Heat works better against bed bugs, especially low vapor steam or special heating units that bring temps up to 130/140 degrees Fahrenheit.
- You can tell if it's a bed bug from the bite mark.
Many bed bug bites look the same, but many do not, and many people have no reaction at all. In fact, many physicians tell patients that they cannot reliably diagnose from a bite alone. You have to find the bugs. Human inspection for the bugs is estimated at up to 30 percent accurate, while canine inspection can be up to 97 percent accurate.
- Bed bugs bite at night when you are asleep (and won't come out if the light is on).
Bed bugs feed any time of the day or night. If you sleep during day and work at night, bed bugs will adapt to your lifestyle. Most office spaces are occupied during daylight hours, so bed bugs in offices are active during the day in order to feed.
- Bed bugs can fly.
Bed bugs have vestigial front wings, but no hind wings in the adult stage. They do not fly and they do not jump, but sometimes when they crawl quickly they will fall off a wall or ceiling and it can look like they hopped. Hitchhiking on or in objects transports the bugs to many places, but it is also possible for them to travel places by simply crawling.
- Bed bugs only feed on humans.
The species, Cimex lectularius, the common bed bug, prefers humans, but can feed on any warm-blooded host, such as a cat, dog, guinea pig, etc.
- Bed bugs are resistant to pesticides.
Certain bed bug populations have gene mutations that account for a specific pesticide resistance — pyrethroid-resistance, for instance. But this does not mean that all pesticides now being used are ineffective. In order to efficiently exterminate the bugs, many exterminators favor an integrated "" multi-approach "" remediation effort.
- Bed bug feces are black spots.
Bed bug fecal spotting is often black (the digested blood). However, uric acid deposition from nitrogenous waste is a lighter color, and it will look different if it is deposited on absorbent or non-absorbent materials, cloth versus vinyl, for instance.
Bed Bug Super Dogs recently released the results of a survey revealing that entomologists and pest control experts expect bed bugs to spread during the holiday travel season, and that hotels are considered the greatest risk of exposure to the fast-spreading parasite. Survey respondents included entomologists, bed bug experts and exterminators.
When asked if holiday travel (hotel visits, house guests, retail purchases, returning students) will affect the spread of bed bugs this year, more than 92 percent of experts said that it will increase or significantly increase the spread of the bugs.
A full 85 percent of bed bug experts identified hotels as the greatest risk of exposure to bed bugs. A smaller number of experts said house guests represent the greatest risk of exposure, while just 3.8 percent cited public transportation, school or dormitory as a top exposure risk.
Assessing the recent spread of the bugs, 34.6 percent of respondents said the number of bed bug incidents has doubled or more than doubled during the past 18 months. More than half, or 57 percent, said incidents have increased by 51 percent or more. No respondents said the incidents have decreased or stayed the same.
In a finding that might cause concern, a full 65 percent of experts said the number of bed bug incidents will increase by 51 percent or more during the next 18 months, and 34.6 percent said the number of incidents is likely to double. No respondents said they expect the number incidents to decrease or remain the same.
A full 42 percent of respondents said that people generally notice an infestation after six to eight weeks, a period of time that could enable an adult female bed bug to lay dozens of eggs.
More than 50 percent of experts said that humans can detect bedbugs with less than 25 percent accuracy, and 27 percent of respondents said the accuracy of human detection is 10 percent or less.
More than 80 percent of respondents said that trained, maintained and certified detection dogs have a greater than 86 percent accuracy in detecting bed bugs in the early stages of an infestation. More than 42 percent said the dogs were 96 percent (or more) accurate.
About Bed Bug Super Dogs
Bed Bug Super Dogs is New York City's foremost bed bug inspection firm serving individuals and owners and managers of commercial, residential and retail property. The company uses highly trained NESDCA-certified scent dogs and handlers, providing detection services in the New York City metro area and to institutions nationally. Bed Bug Super Dogs is positioned to accommodate corporate clients and owners of multi-city portfolios who require a program of ongoing inspections to prevent an infestation and resulting reputation damage. Visit http://www.BedBugSuperDogs.com, or call 646 599-9986 for more information.
For the original version on PRWeb visit: http://www.prweb.com/releases/prweb2010/12/prweb4896594.htm


text:
A decentralized SLS monitoring structure (30) includes a measurement preparation and minimization module (32), measurement launching coordination module (34), measurement scheduler module (36) and measurement initialization module (38). A configuration server (40) provides information regarding the test parameters for a given test and an SLS Objects database (42) provides information on the SLS specification for a given SLA (service level agreement).
1. A measurement system for measuring service level specification (SLS) performance criteria between a plurality of ingress and egress nodes, comprising:
a central structure for:
generating test parameters for a plurality of tests between ingress and egress node pairs;
passing the test parameters to the node pairs for execution on the node pairs without intervention of said central structure;
said central structure including:
a configuration database that includes test parameters for said performance criteria;
an SLS objects database that includes provides information on various SLS specification; and
a measurement preparation module that generates a measurement plan for each SLS specification.
2. The measurement system of
3. The measurement system of
4. The measurement system of
5. The measurement system of
6. The measurement system of
7. The measurement system of
8. A method of measuring service level specification (SLS) performance criteria between a plurality of ingress and egress nodes, comprising the steps of:
generating test parameters for a plurality of tests between ingress and egress node pairs in a central structure;
passing the test parameters form the central structure to the node pairs for execution on the node pairs without intervention of said central structures,
said generating test parameters including:
accessing test parameters from a configuration database;
access an SLS objects database that includes providing information on various SLS specifications; and
generating a measurement plan for each SLS specification.
9. The method of
10. The method of
11. The method of
12. The method of
13. The method of
14. The method of
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
1. Technical Field
This invention relates in general to telecommunications and, more particularly, to service level specification (SLS) monitoring in Differentiated Service Networks.
2. Description of the Related Art
A Differentiated Service (DiffServ) network provides differentiated classes of service for Internet traffic, support various types of applications, and specific business requirements, as opposed to common Internet access, where there are no guarantees of specific performance. A service level specification (SLS) defines the parameters of services required from a Differentiated Service network. The SLS could specify, for example, maximum delays, delay variations and packet losses.
Monitoring actual conditions in a network involves a large number of measurement activities. Prior art solutions use different platforms for each test. Using multiple platforms is a complex and expensive solution.
Therefore, a need has arisen for a less costly and complex method and architecture for SLS monitoring in a differentiated service network.
In the present invention, a measurement system for measuring service level specification (SLS) performance criteria between a plurality of ingress and egress nodes comprises a central structure for generating test parameters for a plurality of tests between ingress and egress node pairs and for passing the test parameters to the node pairs for execution on the node pairs without intervention of said central structure.
Accordingly, the execution of the measurements is decentralized; the central structure only needs to get involved if changes are made to the tests. Further, the preparation and initiation of multiple tests (delay, delay variation, packet loss) can be handled by a single structure, rather than each being performed by a separate structure. The measurement activities are minimized while achieving effective and efficient measurements.
For a more complete understanding of the present invention, and the advantages thereof, reference is now made to the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
The present invention is best understood in relation to
In the preferred embodiment, the measurement nodes 16 and 18 monitor at least three types of network performance measurements: one-way delay, one-way delay variation, and one-way packet loss. The three measurements are performed using a single stream of test packets. The following terms are used herein:
Pseudo-code for a common measurement procedure, i.e. a measurement procedure for all three performance measurements is given below:
Step 0: Prepare the ingress and egress nodes to send and receive a test packet, e.g., synchronize clock between the two nodes.
For the ith Test:
Step 1: Generate a sequence of time index from a Poisson point process with three parameters [λ(i), starting_time(i), stopping_time(i)] where i is the test number. For a Poisson random distribution, a Poisson pseudo random number is generated, only the value falling between [starting_time(i), stopping_time(i)] is selected to form the sequence of time index This sequence of index will be used to initiate test packets.
Step 2: At the ingress node (behaving as a source node), schedule a new test packet if the System_Current_time coincides with the time index in the sequence generated in step 1.
Step 3: Form a test packet with an appropriate header as well as a set of specific information (see below)
Step 4: Place timestamp and a test packet sequence number in the test packet payload as well as other information (see below)
Step 5: Send the test packet towards the egress node.
Step 6: At the egress node upon receiving a test packet in a reasonable period of time (to be specified as a cut-off time threshold τ), place a timestamp on the packet as soon as possible.
Step 7: If the test packet fails to arrive within a time threshold (after a cut-off time threshold τDelay or τLoss), the test packet will be taken as an infinite/undefined delay packet or a lost packet.
Until System_Current_time≧Stopping_Time(i)
Step 8: While (System_Current_time<Stopping_time(i)+Inter-session_time(i)) Do waiting,
Until (System_Current_time>Stopping_time(i)+Inter-session_time(i)), then set i to i+1, and go to step 1.
The specifics for the common test procedure set forth above vary upon the measurement being performed. For a one-way delay measurement, OW_Delay(Pi) is a one-way delay singleton of a successfully received test packet i. Tingress and Tegress are the sending wire time (time a packet is put on a link) at the ingress node and the receiving wire time (time a packet is taken from a link) at the egress node, respectively. TSingress and TSegress are the stamping times of a test packet at an ingress and an egress nodes, respectively. The cut-off time threshold (τDelay) must be specified. The test packet with TSegress>TSingress+TDelay is considered to have an infinite or undefined one-way delay. When a wire time is a stamping time, a one-way delay singleton is computed by subtracting the egress timestamp from the ingress timestamp: OW_Delay(Pi)=Tegress−Tingress=TSegress−TSingress. If the test packet is taken as a lost packet, the resulted one-way delay is undefined or set to infinite (OW_Delay(Plost)=∞). If there is any delay incurred between stamping time and sending or receiving wire time, the expression given above for OW_Delay(Pi) must be modified as OW_Delay(Pi)=Tegress−Tingress=(TSegress−RD)−(TSingress+SD), where SD and RD are delays between a stamping time and a sending wire time, and a stamping time and a receiving wire time, respectively.
Any errors and uncertainties related to clocks such as synchronization and resolution. For example, if an ingress clock is ahead of an egress clock by Tsync, then the correct one-way delay is (TSegress−TSingress)+Tsync. If the clock resolutions at the ingress and egress nodes are CkResingress and CkResegress, then the one-way delay will be given as OW_Delay(Pi)�(CkResingress+CkResegress). Any other errors would be included if they can be identified, e.g., a systematic error and a random error. The one-way delay sample is a sequence of one-way delay singletons measured during a period of one session. It should be noted that all the singletons will have almost the same packet specification. In case of multiple duplicated non-corrupt copies received, the one-way delay of the first copy determines the packet one-way delay value.
For a one-way delay variation measurement, interval with endpoints l1 and l2 are set on the one-way delay packet stream. A function that unambiguously defines the two packets from the above stream is used for the singleton measurement. Examples of such a function include one that selects any two specific packets in the interval [l1, l2] of the stream, one that chooses two consecutive packets in the interval [l1, l2] with minimum and maximum one-way delays, and a consecutive two packets in the interval [l1, l2]. The one-way delay variation is then derived from the one-way delay metric of those selected packets. It could be computed after the one-way delay measurement is complete.
If the egress did not receive any of the two specified test packets, then the one-way delay variation is undefined. The issue of error and uncertainty due to the clock and the host is generally treated similarly to the one-way delay measurement. The delay variation statistics is estimated based on the selected packet pairs that successfully arrive at the egress node, i.e. within a delay cut-off time threshold.
For the one-way packet loss measurement, a cut-off time threshold (τLoss) must be specified. The test packet with TSegress>TSingress+τLoss is considered to be a lost packet. If the ingress clock is ahead of the egress by Tsync, then TSegress+Tsync>TSingres+τLoss. A corrupted received test packet is taken as a lost packet. A duplicated non-corrupted test packet is considered a received test packet. A fragmented and unable-to-reassembled is taken as a lost packet. A packet dropped by a measurement engine due to resource limit is counted as a lost packet. If the test packet was considered as a lost packet then the associate packet loss value (L) of the singleton would be set to one, otherwise it would be set zero. The singleton result is an ordered pair of the wire time the first bit of test packet sent at the ingress node (WTIngress) and the result loss value (L), i.e., <WTingress, L>. A set of test packet sending wire times, WTIngress, will be reported to the control entity, such as a data collector element. Together with the result report from the egress, they are able to correlate the data and produce such the ordered pairs. Given a sample of the OW packet loss singletons (i.e., a set of the ordered pairs), the average of all the result value is computed and serves as an average packet loss.
The test generating rate (λ), can be per-DSCP or per-SLS. In a simple aggregation-based rate which is per-DSCP, test packets are generated according to a Poisson distribution with parameter λ, a rate of generated test packets. For each ingress node, one stream of test packets is generated per aggregate level, i.e., per AF. The aggregated rate of generated packets, λDSCP, is determined by adding all the constituent generating rates, the λSLS. That is,
For a traffic description proportion-based generating rate that is per-DSCP, given the aggregate traffic descriptor (σDSCP, ρDSCP), where σDSCP is a token bucket size allowance and ρDSCP is a token rate allowance for this DSCP, and the session time S, the aggregate rate can be computed based on the proportion of the total number of incoming packets for the session time period:
The DSCP Specific packet frequency-based rate generates one test packet for every N user DSCP specific packets.
In a DSCP metric baseline-based rate, the baseline-based rate is determined directly from the DSCP baseline metric performance profile. This is a rather semi-static generating rate (it is semi-static since the rate(s) will change as a new profile is obtained). Depending on how frequent or how wide of the fluctuation of the metric in the profile, the baseline-based rate may be adjusted and thus different at various periods of the profile time scale.
Switching to a per SLS rate (λSLS), in a traffic descriptor-based rate, the parameter λSLS should be proportional to its traffic descriptor (σ,ρ). Thus the relationship can be described as: λSLS=(aρ+bσ), where σ is a token bucket size and ρ is a token rate. For a long-term parameter it can be assumed that b is approximately zero, and a may be a small percentage, probably less than 10%. The value of a may change dynamically to reflect the current network load.
In case of a high bandwidth-delay product (BD) network, the λSLS would increase correspondingly. That is, λSLS=κ(BD), where κ is a proportional parameter. This approach is particularly useful for a packet loss measurement. Assuming that a typical average packet loss is X %, thus κ≧X/100.
For an SLS Output Profile based Rate, the λSLS adapts to the delay, jitter, or packet loss output profile of the underlying metric. The more fluctuation of the metric profile, the higher the value of the per-SLS rate. If the packet loss exhibits a temporal dependence, it warrants for a higher rate.
For an SLS Metric Baseline-base rate, a measurement similar to the DSCP rate is taken, but it depends upon the SLS baseline profile. In an SLS metric baseline-based rate, the baseline-based rate is determined directly from the SLS baseline metric performance profile. This is a rather semi-static generating rate (it is semi-static since the rate(s) will change as a new profile is obtained). Depending on how frequent or how wide of the fluctuation of the metric in the profile, the baseline-based rate may be adjusted and thus different at various periods of the profile time scale.
The session time (Session_time) can be static, traffic count-based or randomly distributed. A static session time is deterministic and fixed. It can be specified as, for example, thirty seconds, a minute, or five minutes per session. It can also be derived from an aggregated specification, e.g., 30 sessions of all DSCP per hour. In this later case, an order of DSCP session may be required, and the inter-session time is implicitly defined.
In a traffic count-based session time, the session continues until a specified number of test packets have been generated. That is a session time is defined through a number of test packets generated. This number may be determined by taking a small percentage of a DSCP traffic descriptor (σDSCP, ρDSCP) or by considering from the DSCP delay, delay variation, or packet loss profile. If a delay profile shows a wide fluctuation or frequent abrupt changes in the recent time period, a high number of test packets will be generated. If a packet loss profile shows a temporal dependence, then more test packets will be generated.
In a random distribution-based session time, the session time is random and is determined according to a random distribution. Primarily, two random distributions are anticipated: a uniform and a exponential distribution. The uniform distribution generates the time from the [min, max] interval, where min and max are the distribution parameters. The exponential distribution gives a random session time with an average of μS time units. Additionally, the random distribution may be drawn from the empirical traffic characterization such as a heavy-tailed distribution of the traffic.
The inter-session time (Inter-session_time) can also be static or random. A static inter-session time is fixed between measurement sessions, while a random distribution-based inter-session time is determined from a certain random distribution, for example, a uniform and an exponential distribution. An inter-session time can be generated from the uniform distribution over [0, Max]. An exponential distribution provides a random time interval with an average of μI.
The relationship between the session time and the intersession time is shown in
As mentioned above, the procedure to monitor delay, delay variation, and packet loss requires a cut-off parameter in order to determine the value of a test packet. For example, the test packet that has a receiving timestamp greater than the sending timestamp plus the cut-off threshold value is to be considered undefined or infinite one-way delay. There are two types of the cut-off threshold: the delay cut-off threshold (τDelay) and packet loss cut-off threshold (τLoss). They can be set to the same value, or they can be set to different values. The cut-off threshold should be set to a multiple of either a one-way delay or a round-trip time. These parameters may be a static or dynamic. For static parameters, a baseline one-way delay profile or round-trip time may be used to derive such parameters, while for a dynamic parameters, a value inferred from the one-way delay or round-trip time profile may be employed. Note that the packet loss threshold should not be too low otherwise it will be sensitive to various kinds of clock errors, such as those seen in the case of one-way delay.
It must be noted that the cut-off threshold is a per-ingress/egress path parameter. If there were multiple paths between the ingress and egress pair, then there would also be multiple cut-off thresholds. Thus at the egress, there are a number of cut-off parameters depending upon the number of ingress nodes and paths.
Table 1 describes information needed for identifying each packet.
Table 2 illustrates the information needed for the test packet payload.
The test packet size should be as short as possible to avoid packet fragmentation. When a performance metric is measured against a packet size, a variable packet size is required. In order to create a packet of a specific size, padding would be needed. However, the filling bits must be randomized to avoid any side effects. The size of a test packet can be varied according to various criteria: (1) increasing/decreasing order of size, (2) randomly generated size within a specific bound and (3) baseline or measurement-based packet size distribution. The test packet may be authenticated and encrypted for security purpose. The key generation and exchange system as well as the procedure may follow the AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) system.
In operation, the measurement preparation and minimization module 32 scrutinizes an SLS specification to determine a number of one-way network performance measurements to be performed. Each one-way network performance measurement will be considered later for an appropriate configuration and a launching scheme. The measurement preparation and minimization module also provides a procedure to minimize a number of measurement sessions to only the ones necessary to be conducted. The information from the service characteristics and requirements specified in the SLS is used to group the SLS requests that share common features in deducing the minimization procedure. The measurement preparation and minimization module is discussed in greater detail in connection with
The measurement scheduler module 36 keeps track of on-going measurement activities. It maintains a number, type, and configuration of the one-way measurements to be conducted, as well as updates the measurement activity profile when there is a new measurement request or a measurement termination report. This module is discussed in greater detail in connection with
The measurement initialization module 38 dispatches information regarding measurement configuration and test packet specification to all entities involved in an underlying measurement activity. This module is discussed in greater detail in connection with
The measurement launching coordination module 34 is responsible for a smooth and effective measurement operation by synchronizing a sending and receiving activities at both ending points of a measurement path. This module is discussed in greater detail in connection with
Referring to
In step 64, using the information form the Granularity Table 50, the Configuration Server 40 is accessed to obtain the test parameters for the measurement required by the SLS. In step 66, a measurement configuration is prepared for each specified metric, including packet specification, launching schedule, as well as a number of launches. The Individual Test Table 52 is updated with the new test parameters for the new SLS. In step 68, the test record is passed to the Measurement Launching Coordination module 34, Measurement Scheduler module 36 and Measurement Initialization module 38.
The Measurement Scheduler module 36 maintains a Measurement Activity Profile Table 78, shown in
In response to a measurement termination, relevant entries in the Measurement Activity Table 78 are modified in step 84. In step 86, the Measurement Launching Coordination module 34 and Measurement Initialization module 38 are notified of the modification.
In response to a topology change, relevant entries in the measurement Activity Table 78 are modified to reflect the change.
The Measurement Initialization Module 38 dispatches information regarding measurement configuration and test packet specification to all entities involved in an underlying measurement activity.
After both measurement engines at an ingress node 12 and egress node 14 receive the measurement configuration, the next step is to coordinate pre-launching activities before a measurement test starts. This ensures that the measurement engine 18 at the egress node knows when its counterpart engine 16 at the ingress node will send packets so that it can prepare for the arrival of the test packets.
In step 102, a pseudo-random number sequence is generated in accordance with the agreed to Seed value. Two sides of the measurement path must agree upon on what type of a random number generator to be used. There are several types of the generators, for example, Linear Congruential Generators (LCGs), Tausworthe Generators, Extended Fibonacci Generators, and Combined Generators.
In step 104, a test packet stream is generated from the pseudo-random number sequence. Using Poisson distribution, the time elapsed between packets in the Poisson packet stream is an exponential distributed random number. For the ith session, we generate an exponential time interval (with an average 1/λl) between adjacent test packets to create the corresponding Poisson stream (with an average λl).
In step 106, the cut-off times for the packets is generated. Given a sequences of test_packet_time(i,j):
The present invention provides significant advantages over the prior art. The solution described in connection with
Although the Detailed Description of the invention has been directed to certain exemplary embodiments, various modifications of these embodiments, as well as alternative embodiments, will be suggested to those skilled in the art. For example, while the Measurement Launching Coordination module 34 and the Measurement Initialization module are shown separate from the ingress and egress nodes, it would be possible to all or some of this functionality into ingress and egress nodes. The invention encompasses any modifications or alternative embodiments that fall within the scope of the claims.
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
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Thought it might be interesting and fun to see some of the things we didn't know before TTC- wether specific or general, personal or funny! And it might enlighten some of us too!
I will start-
-I didn't know it was only really possible to conceive a few days a month/cycle!
Your turn!! Add as many as you like
Happy Vegetarian Gal and Techie Man- Newly Wed!!! Expecting "Albi" Christmas 2012
Looking forward to
- I didn't know that the eggwhite cervical fluid was the fertile kind
- I didn't know until after I got my 1st BFP that you were already considered 2 weeks pregnant at conception (we started TTC August 15th because our schedules - DH was a law student, I'm a teacher - would make a May 15th or later baby ideal -- got pregnant right off the bat and was SHOCKED that my due date was May 8th! May 1st by LMP! I had just counted forward 9 months and thought that was it)
, mama to Amelie (May 2010), early loss (October 2011), and James (September 2012)
Mom's a doctor and I thought I knew a fair bit...
But I had no idea about any of the cervical fluid-- maybe a vague notion of EWCM at most-- and certainly no clue about charting temps.
I don't know what I was thinking, but I had no idea until a few months ago that it might be hard to TTC (short luteal phase in particular) after coming off BCP. I am kind of embarrassed, but I thought you could just go off BCP and get pregnant the very next month! Of course, it might be possible, but it can often take at least 2-3 months for your cycle to be "hospitable" and sometimes up to 8 or more. I wanted to start to TTC in January, so as soon as I read this (November), I said, Duh! Let me go off BCP ASAP! But I'm kicking myself for not going off sooner. Especially since I was on them for 13 years!
I've known this for a while (maybe 10 years), but I wasn't 100% clear until I was in my 20s that BCP have no way of producing a false BFP-- that HCG is only made by a fetus (or certain, VERY specific drugs), so the fact that BCP "make your body think it's pregnant" won't cause a BFP, IYKWIM.
WAHer & Wannabe, Wife to DH 1998, Mama to Buko, Born at Home March 2013
I did not know what a LP was, or that it needed to be a certain length. Also didnt know your basal temperature is different from your temp the rest of the day.
I am 29, married to DH for 2 years with 2 crazy pups and, after what feels like a huge wait (shorter than many, longer than wanted!), we are expecting our first little one April 2013.
I didn't know that low BBT and long patches of EWCM could mean hypothyroidism. My BBT charts showed this and someone on MDC pointed it out. Turns out I am hypothyroid.
My mom has always told me "Have sex when you are "slippery" if you want to get a boy" but so far no pregnancy from all of the "slippery" (meaning EWCM) DTD.
Crafty Geeky lady (37, hypothyroid) married 7/2010 love of my life (42, azoospermia). I believe in MIRACLES! Twin boys born 12/21/13 at 40 weeks 2 days! 3/52 crafts in 2014 Ramsey's BS1: Done! 2/17/12 BS 2 goal: 6/7/17 no sperm initial DX 3/23/12 BFP 4/7/13!
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Duncraft's Five Ways To Help Nesting Birds This Spring
It´s March and already the chirps of winter birds have changed to songs that attract mates and define territories. Soon the migratory birds will be arriving to join them and begin their yearly nesting ritual. Back yard birders can help ensure the success of the next generation of wild birds by providing the five nesting-specific needs recommended by Duncraft.
Concord, NH (PRWEB) March 15, 2012
It´s March and already the chirps of winter birds have changed to songs that attract mates and define territories. Soon the migratory birds will be arriving to join them and begin their yearly nesting ritual. Back yard birders can help ensure the success of the next generation of wild birds by providing five nesting-specific needs.
Nesting boxes and shelves: Putting up nesting boxes gives cavity dwellers, those birds who would otherwise nest in natural holes in trees or in old woodpecker holes, a place to nest where trees are scarce. Different birds are attracted to different types of housing. Duncraft offers a complete Guide to bird house types and placement on Duncraft´s Wild Bird Blog. Nesting shelves suit birds who don´t nest in cavities, but rather, build open cupped nests attached to branches of trees or in the crotches of limbs. Robins and doves are two birds that readily use nesting shelves.
Tree snags: When taking down dead trees, it´s desirable to leave the majority of the trunk, as long as it doesn´t pose a danger. Woodpeckers are a primary cavity excavator and will use these snags to hollow out nesting areas. Although woodpeckers will not reuse a cavity the next year, these holes become prime nesting locations for smaller cavity nesting birds such as chickadees, nuthatches, wrens and others.
Nesting materials: Putting out nesting materials such as cotton, moss, string and animal hair eases the nest-building process and may also help keep inappropriate materials such as plastic out of the nest.
Suet: Suet supplies busy parents with the energy they need for nest building, raising young and foraging for them. Any type of fat is beneficial. It can be beef suet or even vegetable shortening. Peanut butter also supplies high calories. Baby birds can digest suet and parents will typically take chunks of it back to the nest. Suet-based pellets are also a practical alternative.
Insects: Newly hatched baby birds can´t digest seeds, so parent birds spend a lot of time foraging for insects to feed them. Offering birds insect foods such as live or dried mealworms, waxworms, or even fly larvae and the like, makes it easier for birds to supply their young with enough protein food for healthy growth.
Founded in 1952 and located in Concord, New Hampshire, Duncraft´s objective is to bring the joy of backyard birding to wild bird lovers all across the country. Mike Dunn, owner and CEO is constantly inventing and searching for innovative ideas in bird feeding–giving bird lovers years of bird feeding enjoyment, success and satisfaction.
Duncraft Wild Bird Superstore
102 Fisherville Road
Concord, NH 03303
For the original version on PRWeb visit: http://www.prweb.com/releases/prweb2012/3/prweb9254422.htm


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Gear Review
Texas Travelers
This is a nice cargo bag!
We just took the Thule cargo bag on a 750 mile trip. That bag held a lot of stuff! It holds a lot more stuff than it looks like it can. It was simple to install to the roof rack, and worked perfect keeping all of our souvenirs safe until we got back home. Great bag for the price!
View More Details on Thule Quest Cargo Bag


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You can now invite anyone to meet at your favorite Starbucks.
Limited-time feature
50 year old woman | Williamsville, NY, USA | Seeking men 45-62 within 20 miles
Life is not measured by the number of breaths we take, but by the moments that take our breath away.
I'm on the search for my better half: my best friend, my companion and my lover. Could that be you? My two sons are independent adults now and it's time to think about "me". Life is to short to travel the road alone! I'm looking for a fun-loving guy who has a GREAT smile and contagious laugh! He needs to have a sense of humor, be loveable, affectionate and be trust-worthy . He should be comfortable in either a pair of jeans and cowboy boots or a 2-piece suit. Also, if he likes the Sabres, that's a big plus! I would probably be considered slightly shy at first, but once you get to know me....that's a totally different story! lol I have been told I am funny, easy going, loyal, reliable, honest, fun, romantic and even adventurous to a point (no sky-diving!!!). I try to remain upbeat, positive and not dwell on the small things you can't change. To me, laughter is so important! Without it, the world would be boring! I enjoy the summer months and going to fairs, festivals, retaurants/pubs, concerts, cookouts, camp fires, horseback riding, drive-ins, sight-seeing, etc. I enjoy boating and would love to try a jet ski. I even enjoy riding on a Harley with my guy! Rainy days can be spent going to movies, shopping, watching a DVD at home, reading or just spending quality time with your partner...maybe even dancing in the warm summer rain with each other. It could be as simple as watching a beautiful star-lite sky together on a deck or beach or even camping at a cottage home. I like to take vacations and even mini weekend get-a-ways or even have a nice relaxing evening cooking together at home. Fall is my favorite season. I love the crispness of the morning air and the beautiful colored leaves. I enjoy walking/hiking on trails and viewing the autumn colors. Winter months are best spent in front of a fireplace with a glass of wine and your favorite guy right beside you! Snowmobiling and snowball fights are fun too! :0) I'm a small kid at heart! It really doesn't matter as long as your with the guy who makes your heart race and puts that big smile on your face!
Coffee and conversation , Cooking , Dining out , Gardening/Landscaping , Movies/Videos , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Nightclubs/Dancing , Shopping/Antiques , Travel/Sightseeing , Watching sports , Wine tasting
Bowling, Cycling, Hockey, Other types of exercise, Walking / Hiking
I exercise 1-2 times per week.
Don't display my sign
I have Cats
I have an awesome cat named Ripley (named after Ripley's Believe It or Not - lol). It's amusing and entertaining to watch him! He is a Ragdoll and I actually believe he thinks he is a dog. He will play fetch for hours!
Middle of the Road
Let's see...I have been to Denver, Florida, Atlanta, Seattle, Las Vegas, Orlando, New Orleans and Hawaii. I loved Hawaii!! I enjoy the Finger Lakes and Adirondacks (Old Forge area). I also like the marina, Ellicottville and the Olcott areas.
I love 80's music, rock country...pretty much all types except for rap. I don't watch a lot of TV, but enjoy shows such as 48 hours and Dateline. I enjoy Italian, steak, Chinese grilled foods..love hot spicy food!
I love to go on long walks, see a Sabres game or watch the game on TV (there's always next season right?), country drives, little weekend get-a-ways, fairs, festivals or just relaxing at home. I love to be outside in gorgeous weather.
Newspaper and I just finished reading a book by Nicholas Sparks titled "The Choice". Prior to that was a book by Lisa Gardner, "I Love You More".
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What she is looking for
|5'3" (160cms)
|5'8" (172cms) to 6'2" (187cms)
|Body type:
|About average
|Slender, About average, Athletic and toned, A few extra pounds, Stocky
|Blue, Brown, Grey, Green, Hazel
|Light brown
|Black, Light brown, Dark brown, Blonde, Salt and pepper, Silver, Dark blonde, Grey, Bald
|No Way
|No Way, Yes, but trying to quit
|Social Drinker
|Social Drinker
|Medical / Dental / Veterinary / Fitness
|No preference
I am an office manager and dental assistant. Since I work in the dental field, GREAT smiles are a must! It also helps if your a daily flosser! LOL I really enjoy my job and love my co-workers!
|$35,001 to $50,000
|$50,001 to $75,000, $75,001 to $100,000, $100,001 to $150,000, $150,001+
|Never Married, Widow / Widower, Divorced
|Have kids:
|Yes, and they live away from home (2)
|Yes, and they sometimes live at home, No, Yes, and they live away from home, Yes, and they live at home
|Wants kids:
|No, but it's OK if my partner has kids
|No, but it's OK if my partner has kids
|White / Caucasian
|White / Caucasian
German/Polish That's probably why I love sauerkraut and kielbasa! :-)
|Spiritual but not religious
|Christian / Catholic, Spiritual but not religious, Christian / Other
I grew up Catholic and even attended a Catholic school. I recently moved to the Williamsville area and I am thinking about joining another church. Currently, I only attend for weddings & funerals.
|Associates degree
|Associates degree, Bachelors degree, Graduate degree, PhD / Post Doctoral
I attended school for 2 years and received my Associates Degree. Over the course of 10 years, I have taken many credentialing classes for my career and will continue to do so until I retire...what's the age now...80? lol


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I know your ex broke up with you because she didn't have enough time for you (which, in that case, I wouldn't have wanted to stay in contact with her any further) but did she question you a lot about other girls while y'all were still dating? It seems like maybe she was concerned about whether you had been with other girls and you denied it. That's the only reason I can see why should would be upset and call you a liar... because she thought the 2nd girl was someone you had probably been creeping with during the relationship. You should probably clarify that with her (if you still care).
As for the 2nd girl, you are probably just trying to see her too much. She might know that you are seeing her as a potential S.O., and she doesn't really want that type of relationship with you which is why she's trying to keep the distance. You can always take the straight-forward, direct approach and ask her what's the deal with you two.


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WEDNESDAY, Dec. 17, 2014 – Doctors continue to prescribe sedatives such as Xanax or Valium for seniors despite the significant risks they pose, a new study contends. The drugs in question are a ...
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Here's Kevin Crew with a very nice Alabama buck.
Equipment Used:
Muzzy Broadhead 125 grain
Martin 60# bow
Beaman Traditional Arrow
Johnny Tobias tells us: "This buck I call "REPLAY" and I harvested him 5 days after our first introduction. On 10/14/14 "REPLAY" came within 12 yards of my stand but was by no means able to shoot due to heavy cover. Unfortunately that day "REPLAY" was to smart for me and ended up leaving after blowing at me a total of 8 times. Disgusted but determined I stayed on him, because I believed he was puzzled but unsure at what he was blowing at. Sure enough on 10/19/14 "REPLAY" was back and I was able to make a long shot on him as he came down 30 yards from his previous crossing location. Thanks 3 Rivers Archery for providing the equipment and service that allow us to enjoy such great expiriences."
Jason Young shares this picture and story of his first traditional harvest. "I shot my first traditional buck last night in Missouri. He came into a decoy I had set out and I was able to make a good shot at about 20 yards. I got a complete pass through and he barely made it out of the field. I can't believe the wicked blood trail I got from the Woodsman head! Thank you, and good luck this season!"
Equipment Used:
52# Black Widow Bow
Gold Tip Arrows with 100gr inserts150 grain Woodsman Broadheads
3Rivers Archery tech, Dan Krohn recently harvested this nice Indiana buck.
Equipment used:
55# Tomahawk Thunderstorm Longbow
Traditional Only arrows
Big shot Buffalo glove
190gr Simmons Shark Interceptor
Here's Ken Scott with a Michigan whitetail harvest. Ken tells us: "Six point whitetail taken at 12 yards from a 15' tree stand, double lung shot. The tracking was very easy with a massive 50 yard blood trail. Love the Woodsman Broadheads."
Equipment Used:
Hickory Selfbow 50# @ 28 from Primitive Edge Archery
Port Orford Cedar shafts
4" feather three fletch
160 grain Woodsman Glue On Broadhead
Here's Jacob Bergeron with his first archery harvest!
Equipment Used:
50# Samick Sage recurve
Easton Legacy 2216 Aluminum shafts
200gr. Woodsman Elites
3Rivers Archery Techs are Longbow and Recurve Experts that are here to help you find exactly what you need to keep you shooting on the range and in the woods. We are #1 in customer service and back our products with 100% Satisfaction Guarantee. Shop with confidence. Call or email us any time with your questions. We are happy to help!


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Comment: Well, if you really have to code on the bus... (Score 1) 99
Didn't tethering fees get clobbered by the FCC? The IDE is pretty light on bandwidth, the initial pageload is about 2 MB and it's just shuffling text around during use. It has a keep-alive ping, but otherwise you're only going to use bandwidth while saving changes or using the terminal. How much bandwidth does a terminal use? I recently signed up with PTel, which uses T-mobile's towers and gives you unlimited 3g / 1 GB 4g for $35/mo, no contract. I think a month's worth of coding would run substantially under 1 GB of bandwidth but I don't really have the time to do a rigorous test.
I found interpreters for Python and Brainfuck on the Chrome Store, and of course you have a JS interpreter, and any interpreters written in JS should probably work. There are rather a large number of those for some reason. There's some sort of git app too, FWIW. Beyond that there are a few Android apps that will run natively on ChromeOS without any fussing, and most Android apps can be made to run with minimal effort.
I don't know what you're coding in, but unless it's fairly obscure I'd say it's possible to code and test, offline, using a Chromebook. Either way I hope no one is twisting your arm to get you to buy one.


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Over the last few years, the number of questions we get from people with digestive problems and stomach pain has surged. In fact, it seems that hardly a day goes by that we don't have someone mention it.
What most people are frustrated with is that even if they eat how most health professionals consider to be healthy, a large percentage of people STILL experience digestive problems. And so most people resort to drugs, surgery or eating bland foods. Or they just continue to suffer.
>>An Easy Alternative Way To Cure Stomach Pain
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This simple eating system is designed to dramatically reduce the acid pH measure in a person s entire body not just in the stomach. It does so by increasing the ratio of alkaline forming foods eaten and by showing you how to combine foods in a way that radically decreases the amount of acid digestive juices in the stomach and small intestines required to break down foods.
This is a program that aims directly at this problem and seems that they could be the one answer that so many people want and need in order to eliminate the digestive problems forever.
So if you have acid reflux, heartburn, gastritis, chronic constipation or diarrhea, or have been diagnosed with diverticulosis, diverticulitis, Colitis or Crohn's Disease (IBD), or stomach ulcers, this just might be your ticket topermanent relief.
Check it out for yourself here is where you can do that: Great Taste No Pain
Discover more information about stomach pain causes at www.StomachPainCauses.com/


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This week, the program received national recognition. The director of Alabama Department of Economic and Community Affairs also offered his congratulations in praising the "life-saving program." Throughout Alabama, 45 of our 67 counties participate in the Yellow Dot program. The program was initiated 3 years ago as a means of aiding emergency responders in better providing for injured accident victims.
By placing the Yellow Dot in the back window of a vehicle, an Alabama driver is indicating that in the event of an accident, critical and timely medical information -- including allergies, prescriptions, physicians and medical conditions -- will be available in the glove compartment of the vehicle. Accompany the medical information will also be more basic information such as the name of the driver, along with an identifying photo and a list of emergency contacts.
All of this information ultimately allows the responders to give better, faster care, saving more lives in the process. As the majority of Alabama counties and drivers begin to adopt this life-saving program, Alabama can continue to set a precedent on the national scale for innovation surrounding highway safety.
Source: The Daily Sentinel, "Yellow Dot program receives national recognition," Ken Bonner, Aug. 30, 2012
DISCLAIMER: Because of the generality of this update, the information provided herein may not be applicable in all situations and should not be acted upon without specific legal advice based on particular situations.
© Johnston, Moore & Thompson, Huntsville Personal Injury Lawyers
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US is heaping new pressure on Russia over Syria
COPENHAGEN, Denmark The U.S. is heaping new pressure on Russia to change course and support international action in Syria, warning that intransigence by Moscow may lead to open civil war that could spill across the Middle East with devastating effects.
Speaking on Russia's doorstep in Denmark, Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton derided the Russian government for continuing to support Syrian President Bashar Assad, even after last week's massacre of more than 100 people in the town of Houla. In pointed remarks Thursday, she said Russia's position "is going to help contribute to a civil war" and rejected Russian officials' insistence that their stance actually is helping to ease the crisis.
On the first stop of a European tour, Clinton said Russia and China would have to be on board before the U.S. and other nations might engage in what could become a protracted conflict in support of a disorganized rebel force.
Russia, along with China, has twice vetoed U.N. Security Council sanctions against Syria. Russia is Syria's closest ally other than isolated Iran, and Clinton said that without its support the international community is essentially frozen from taking concrete steps to end the violence.
"The Russians keep telling us they want to do everything they can to avoid a civil war because they believe that the violence would be catastrophic," Clinton said, noting that they are "vociferous in their claim that they are providing a stabilizing influence."
"I reject that," she said, complaining that in fact Russia is propping up Assad as his government continues a brutal, 15-month crackdown on dissent in which some 13,000 people have died.
A day earlier, White House Deputy National Security Adviser Denis McDonough said the U.S. is lobbying Russia to distance itself from its ally Syria and to apply pressure on Assad to leave office. A negotiated exit similar to one the U.S. helped broker for Yemen's longtime leader is one possibility, McDonough said, but he offered little optimism that the arguments are gaining traction.
The Obama administration has called on Assad to step down and clear the way for a political transition. But mindful of a war-weary American public, it has stopped short of advocating direct U.S. military engagement in the country and stressed the need for diplomacy, particularly with Moscow, which continues to sell weapons and provide political support to Assad.
In Washington, despite revulsion over the Houla massacre, officials said the administration remains deeply concerned about the possible consequences of military action. But as the violence continues, they acknowledge that planning for some sort of intervention is under way.
Two Western diplomats told The Associated Press that top U.S. and British commanders and intelligence officers visited the northern Jordanian city of Ramtha recently and toured the area along the Jordan-Syria border to assess the possibility of a limited land attack. But it was decided that air attacks would be best, considering the mostly bushy terrain and climate conditions, the diplomats said.
Still, Clinton told reporters after meeting top officials in Denmark, a key contributor to last year's NATO-led mission against Moammar Gadhafi in Libya that "we're nowhere near putting together any type of coalition other than to alleviate the suffering."


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Gore Verbinski and Johnny Depp officially saddle up for 'Lone Ranger'
Some lucky journalists are going to get an early look at "Rango" footage soon, and I'm curious to hear the reactions to the latest collaboration between Gore Verbinski and Johnny Depp. I know that before they left on their four-month trip, both Toshi and Allen were mesmerized by the "Rango" trailer, asking to see it at least once a day, and in Allen's case, three or four times a day for a week or two.
As Depp wraps up work on "Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides," his first time playing Captain Jack Sparrow without Verbinski as director, he's looking at spending much of his next year playing with familiar partners. He recently cemented plans to shoot "Dark Shadows" with Tim Burton at the start of the year, and it sounds like he'll segue right afterwards into "The Lone Ranger," where he'll play Tonto for Verbinski, who will direct from a script by Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio with rewrites by Justin Haythe.
It's funny that The Lone Ranger and The Green Hornet are, technically speaking, related. The characters share a common creator, George W. Trendle, and they share familial bonds that explain why they share the same mask and a fondness for a hyper-capable sidekick. They are very similar film properties in some regards. People recognize the iconography of the titles, and they may know some character names like Kato or Tonto, but when it comes down to it, if you asked any random hundred people on the street to tell you the story, they couldn't. As a result, you've got a lot of latitude for how faithful you have to be in building a modern-day version of the story for audiences.
With "The Lone Ranger," you've got the story of a Texas Ranger, part of a team who are ambushed and slaughtered. Left for dead, one man is rescued by a native American who nurses him back to health and then becomes his companion as he sets out to dispense justice from behind a mask, a phantom of sorts. How you play that story could result in a hundred different actual films depending on tone, and so far the only clue we have about what sort of film it's going to be is the casting of Depp as Tonto. That's a pretty bold move in the year 2010, and I think only someone as beloved as Depp could even think about doing it.
I'm still itching to get a look at "The Rum Diary," the film that Depp made last year with Bruce Robinson, the writer/director of the classic "Withnail & I," and it sounds like this "Lone Ranger" deal is a firm commitment, and not just a development deal. If so, that means Depp's working with his two most frequent filmmaking collaborators back to back next year.
We'll have more on this one as details emerge, and I expect we'll start seeing lists of guys who would look good on a horse soon as they look for a Ranger to saddle up next to Tonto. The funniest part of this being "news" is that this is pretty much what everyone expected would happen since Disney announced Depp's casting as Tonto in 2008 at a special press event, and now it feels like the other shoe finally dropped.


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It's time once again for teachers to begin thinking about the A.P.P.R. but luckily for students they don't have to worry about the S.A.T.s until later in DEC (December) No, not the agency like the A.P.A. They help with the P.U.D.D. and keep an eye on the A.C.R., but not with the R.T.T.T. from the S.E.D. whose trying to help with the A.C.T.s but just making a mess of the C.C.S.C. and Luckily for some elementary kids P.B.I.S. can help if they don't need the C.S.E. which uses the B.I.P. for the R.t.I. which leads to O.T. and P.T. and every once and a while an F.B.A. but it's all on the Q.T., especially with the A.D. except when it comes to the N.C.L.B. And so by the time the semester is over they'll either have an A. B. C. or D. Oh and don't forget there's still room in the U.P.K. (Sorry, that one didn't rhyme)
Confused yet? If not, then you're most likely an active participant in high school administration because, all of the above acronyms (except 4) are a regular part of a school week. The topic of Acronyms arose during the regular meeting of the School Board on Wednesday evening. During the Meeting, Nick Pepe, who is the S.L.C.S.D. D.o.P.P.S (Director of Pupil Personnel Services) reviewed the work his department has been doing to centralize policy and build a standardized Responses to Intervention plan. R.t.I. is an education strategy designed to monitor student progress, identify those who are not making adequate gains and to provide appropriate, research-based supplemental instruction interventions for targeted needs.
R.t.I. achieves this by utilizing a multi-tiered system. This system combines quality teaching, assessments, and progress monitoring to not only implement various interventions, but adjust the frequency, duration and class ratio of the interventions to meet individual student needs.
The Saranac Lake Central School District's Response to Intervention plan outlines this process for the following areas; Reading, Math, Behavioral / Emotional and Related Services. Pepe's new plan outlines procedures, many of which have been in place on a building by building basis, but now with the help of most of the stakeholders in the process, outlines the procedures for the sharing of information from the R.t.I. process with the appropriate department as needed.
During his presentation in the Petrova Library on Wednesday night, Pepe outlined three tiers of intervention;
Tier 1 : The Core Curriculum
This tier is commonly identified as the core instructional program provided to all students by the general education teacher in the general education classroom. Research-Based Instruction and Positive Behavior Intervention and Supports are part of the core program.
Tier 2 : Supplemental
This intervention is small group (3-6 students) supplemental instruction and may take place in a classroom or another setting. This intervention is provided in addition to, and not in place of, the core instruction. These interventions focus on the areas of student need or weakness that are identified in the screening, assessment or progress monitoring reports from Tier 1. Students are often grouped here according to instructional need. About 5 to 15% of students will typically receive Tier 2 interventions at some point in the early education.
Tier 3 : Most Intensive
This intervention deals with the 1 to 5% of the population of students and is the most intensive level of supports and is provided in groups of no more than one or two students. This Tier is designed for students that have not demonstrated adequate progress in a previous Tier or who demonstrates significant needs that warrant intensive instruction or intervention.
The Plan includes Criteria for Determining Learning Disability, established for the Committee on Special Education (C.S.E.) to use when determining if a student has a learning disability. it also builds an R.t.I. team responsible for overseeing the process. and helping to identify the best Tier and/or form of Academic Intervention Services (A.I.S.)
The percentages year to year vary with the number of students exhibiting behavior requiring A.I.S. or R.t.I. Essentially – "Some sort of intervention" whether academic, such as needing help with reading, or math, or intervention designed to help a student with a behavioral / emotional issue. As a result, the percentage of a school's budget focused on Intervention varies year to year. On average 5% of students will require the highest level of intervention. The related budget represents more than 35% of the budget. The entire "Response to Intervention" Plan is 29 pages and simply summarizes the requirements and policies for helping students to "Move Up" to General Education as opposed to receiving intervention. Most in Tier 1 or Tier 2 are at some point in their school career, able to exit the intervention program. The Students in Tier 3 typically will require individual one on one attention, which in some circumstances is why the budget for Special Education ranks right up their on the list of state mandates with Health Care and Retirement Funds.


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China's elite push for release of jailed Nobel laureate Liu Xiaobo, says report
Published on May 11, 2014 12:59 PM
BEIJING (REUTERS) - A group of "princelings", children of China's political elite, has quietly urged the Communist Party leadership to release jailed Nobel laureate Liu Xiaobo on parole to improve the country's international image, two sources said.
Liu's release is not high on the agenda of the party, which is trying to push through painful economic, judicial and military reforms amid the most extensive crackdown on corruption in over six decades, the sources with ties to the leadership said, requesting anonymity.
But the back channel push for Liu's parole shows that a debate is taking place among leaders about damage to China's reputation caused by his jailing. It also suggests the ruling elite are not monolithic when it comes to views on dissent.
Liu, 58, a veteran dissident involved in the 1989 Tiananmen Square pro-democracy protests crushed by the army, was jailed for 11 years in 2009 on subversion charges for organising a petition urging an end to one-party rule.
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Cheap KNH to Raleigh flights
Popular Flights from Kinmen Island, Taiwan
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1994 Porsche 968 Cabriolet, Good condition, gently driven, rare 968 cabriolet. Only 90k original miles. New rear tires. Maintenance records.... More
I've spent a small fortune on this car to get from rough race car to close to show street car. It would take a... More
1973 Porsche 914. 2.0 Engine does run. Had some restoring but did not finish. This care would be a great car to restore. The... More
1974 Porsche 914-4, 2.0L, duel weber carbs, MSN ignition, Moroso oil accumulator, 5 speed, disc brakes, 4 point seat belts, custom exterior color is... More
This collector quality 1980 Porsche 924 Turbo/931 Limited Edition 2-tone sports car is ALL ORIGIONAL the way it was delivered by the Capital Porsche dealership,... More
This is a beautiful, low mileage 2000 Porsche Boxster S Convertible. The Boxster has a 3.2 liter flat 6 cylinder engine coupled with a... More
PORSCHE: 1974 914, 25K miles, 5-spd, 1.8L, green over plaid interior, drivers car, good condition, $11,000. 216-631-2080, OH; [email]... More
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PORSCHE: 1989 944S Turbo, black, black, nicely set-up car, new clutch, $18,500. Forza, 860-350-1140, FAX: 860-350-1148, CT; [email]... More
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Cheap LHE to Gabes flights
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Steelers will start 2 rookies vs. Eagles
LATROBE, Pa. (AP)
Steelers rookie offensive linemen David DeCastro and Mike Adams have endured the grind of NFL training camp for two weeks, all along just waiting for the opportunity to ''hit someone else.''
Well, worry not.
Pittsburgh coach Mike Tomlin said they won't have too long to do so come Thursday night.
Tomlin on Tuesday officially named DeCastro and Adams starters for Pittsburgh's preseason opener in Philadelphia against the Eagles. DeCastro, the No. 24 overall draft pick, will start at right guard. Adams, the second-round pick, will be at left tackle.
''They've had good moments and some not-so-good moments,'' Tomlin said. ''That is the process that is team development and individual development. But both guys have worked extremely hard, both guys finish and they're smart young men. We'll see more about them, and of course we'll know more about them by Thursday night.''
The Steelers (No. 7 in the AP Pro32) have high hopes for their top two draft picks and were open to either or both being in the lineup for the season opener Sept. 9 at Denver.
It's uncharacteristic, however, for Pittsburgh to start rookies for the preseason opener. The team has started a rookie on the offensive line each of the past two seasons, but center Maurkice Pouncey wasn't named a starter until the third preseason game in 2010 and Marcus Gilbert didn't take over at right tackle last season until the second game of the regular season.
Gilbert was given the job when Willie Colon was put on injured reserve due to a torn triceps. It was an injury to Colon - this time, a more minor one - that opened up the start for DeCastro.
One of two Steelers ruled out already for the Eagles due to injury - defensive end Cameron Heyward the other - Colon injured an ankle Friday. Ramon Foster was moved over to Colon's new left guard spot, leaving right guard open for DeCastro.
''It came up quick,'' DeCastro said. ''I'm excited to get ready to go and ready to hit someone else other than the Steelers. I just want to have fun, play the game and enjoy it.''
DeCastro protected No. 1 overall pick, quarterback Andrew Luck, at Stanford. The Steelers were elated he fell to them on draft day after many projections had DeCastro going much higher. Pittsburgh snared a similar perceived steal of Adams in Round 2. But that one was likely more due to the fact Adams' stock plummeted after he tested positive for marijuana at the NFL Combine.
After years of middling offensive line play, the Steelers are on the verge of completing a remake that potentially could have them starting four players on the unit who have less than three years of experience.
''Those are my guys,'' quarterback Ben Roethlisberger said. ''I think we've got a great group of guys who are playing great right now. I think they're as excited as anybody to get out and bang against other competition.''
Adams bypassed veteran Trai Essex on the depth chart late last week, but his hold on a starting job is far from certain. The incumbent at left tackle, Max Starks, sustained a torn ACL in the playoff loss to Denver in January. He was signed the week before camp began but remains on the physically unable to perform list.
Starks was also injured (neck) over the previous offseason. The Steelers waited until October to sign him, and four days later, he was starting at left tackle. He held the job the remainder of the season. Starks could be viewed as an insurance policy again this season should Adams not be able to nail down the job.
But for now, Adams, a 6-foot-3, 330-pound Ohio State product, has been impressive in practice.
''But when you get in a real atmosphere in a game situation and things like that, that's definitely what (coaches) are looking for,'' Adams said. ''It's definitely, I think, more of an evaluation.''
Tomlin agreed, pointing out that Pouncey truly began to stand out as a rookie once the preseason games started two years ago. Tomlin said he thought DeCastro and Adams were ''at a similar state'' as Pouncey.
''The reality is what happens out here in practice is one thing. What Maurkice showed us in the stadium was something that convinced us that he was ready to do the job,'' Tomlin said. ''So these guys have a significant opportunity on Thursday night.''
NOTES: Tomlin said the first-team offense and defense will play one or two series apiece against the Eagles. ... CB Keenan Lewis left practice early Tuesday with an undisclosed injury. ... P Jeremy Kapinos continues to miss practice because of a back injury. ... Tomlin said rookie RB Chris Rainey would get the first shot at being the team's punt and kick returner. Rainey muffed one punt during practice Monday off his face mask. ... Others who will be given a look for return duties include rookie WR Marquis Maze and WR David Gilreath. ... Tomlin said fourth-string QB Jerrod Johnson would be given ''an extended look'' in the second half.
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NFL Headlines
NFL Insiders: Dolphins name Dennis Hickey new general manager
Carroll: Seahawks CB Richard Sherman sorry about postgame rant
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Stockton Steaming Ahead
Saturday, June 27, 2015
5 pm – 8 pm
Victory Park, Stockton, CA
DeltaFusion ignites community creativity by bringing the stories of the San Joaquin Delta region – past, present, and future – to life with giant puppets and dramatic pageantry.
DeltaFusion is a celebration of the diverse natural and cultural heritage of Stockton, California and the San Joaquin County Delta region.
Using giant puppets, masks, music, and pageantry, DeltaFusion continues to tell the story of how these cultures were drawn to settle in our area and thrive there today.
– Free community workshops
– Volunteers
– Sponsor DeltaFusion 2015
Join us for the fun in making this happen in 2015 or just plan to bring your family and friends to the big day in Victory Park on the last Saturday in June. Giant puppets, masked performers, musicians and costumed participants will wind their way around the park before gathering under the trees next to the Haggin Museum for the 5th annual DeltaFusion Pageant.


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weak joe compressor
Hi all,
i built a weak joe compressor and found the unit to be good i tried different combinations of Op amps and nsl 32 opto isolator as well as some home made opto isolator which i found actually worked better. but at maximum compression the compressor seems to distort a bit i figure the attenuation to earth is the culprit for the distortion i can't figure out what else may be causing it. I know that compressor can be a bit of pig in a basket but finding a good diy one to build is another story also any one with any nice schematics of opto compressor please let me know. But for now i have been trying different options to make this particular compressor to just kick that little bit nicer. i would like nice clean compression with a bit of kick when adjusted right but just haven't found a schematic that cuts it but if anyone has any ideas in regards to tweaking the weak joe please let me know. It has got me with the distortion problem this unit has that anyone uses it in any studio.
weak joe compressor
forgot to post the site link: Weak Joe Optical Compressor
What do you have in mind with "attenuation"? I see only attack/release/threshold/ratio pots!
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VISAKHAPATNAM: Andhra University Directorate of Admissions is conducting entrance tests for the five-year integrated programmes of M.S. (information technology), M.S. (software engineering), B.Sc. (aircraft engineering), M.S. (applied chemistry) and M.S. (geology) at AU College of Engineering on July 13.
Candidates can download their hall tickets from www.andhrauniversity.info/doa/index.html or can collect the same from the office of Directorate of Admissions between July 10 and 12.
More In: ANDHRA PRADESH | NATIONAL


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FMLY Fest assembles dozens of musicians for DIY weekend
By Emily Eveland
Hollow Boys embrace the dark on third album
By Sarah Stanley-Ayre
10 Thousand Sounds 2014: Behind the bands
By CP Staff
Black Market Brass delivers hip-shaking funk rhythms
By Zach McCormick
For the Love brings hip-hop festivities to Lowertown
By Jack Spencer
Kitty Cat Klub hosts Tourniquet Noise series
By Sarah Stanley-Ayre
Max Gremillion steps into the spotlight
By Rob van Alstyne
The world of Howler's sophomore album
By Zach McCormick
For many in the local scene, the mention of Dessa's name conjures up a few well-tread facts: She's a literary agent, commended in the same breath for her talents in writing and rapping; she's the only woman in a rap crew of nine, and something of a team leader for the business model behind Doomtree. But take her new album, A Badly Broken Code, for a spin and the clichéd descriptions of Dessa start to fade away—it's not hip hop, exactly, and it's not really poetry, either.
It's an experimental pop record, and Dessa is teaching herself how to sing.
"I had been [singing] since I was really tiny, but not in any public capacity," she says, while sipping a glass of pink wine that has the consistency of a melted popsicle. "I don't have a technically beautiful voice, and I was raised in a family of technically beautiful voices. But in the past three years my voice has changed a lot. It's dropped a lot, and I've learned how to control the little slide whistle in my throat a little better, to make the most of what I have."
318 1st Ave. N.
Minneapolis, MN 55401
Category: Bars and Clubs
Region: Minneapolis (Downtown)
A Badly Broken Code
Local hip-hop fans are already aware that Dessa the rapper can hold her own against the other MCs in her crew, but the work on A Badly Broken Code is closer in style to her performance at last year's Spiral Bound book release at the Guthrie than her turns at the mic during Doomtree shows. Many of the songs are first-person narratives with overarching themes of loss, introspection, frustration, and anger, but even the most personal lyrics never delve into overly earnest territory. Songs still carry some of the swagger from Dessa's hip-hop persona, but there is a softened edge and an undercurrent of emotional honesty that contrasts her more brazen moments.
"There's some times that I feel confident," she says. "Even when I don't feel confident, I feel moved to try to sing and rap onstage. But the life that I'm singing and rapping about isn't full of only confident moments.
"I have a really enormous interest in being candid. In American mainstream culture, we leave the house, and very often we go to work, and we try to present our best selves. We iron our slacks, and if we're hung over we try not to show it, and if we're blue because we just got divorced we clean it up while we're at our desks. And while I understand the impulse to do that, I think when we do it so comprehensively we institutionalize this really detrimental imbalance. Because everybody's private selves are flawed and vulnerable."
Though it's not necessary to point out Dessa's gender to appreciate her art, there is something decidedly feminine about her approach to deconstructing the facades of hip hop. In one of her most literal tracks, "The Bullpen," Dessa half-sings, half-scoffs, "It's been assumed I'm soft or irrelevant because I refuse to downplay my intelligence/But in a room of thugs and rap veterans, why am I the only one who's acting like a gentleman?"
Dessa says she's aware that women are often pigeonholed for dwelling on emotional responses, and it's a balance she's still seeking out in her music. "It's weird," she says. "There's a certain gravitas that a story of heartbreak, for example, gets when it's delivered by a male vocalist, that it doesn't get when it's delivered by a woman—because women are expected to talk about feelings. And if a guy talks about feelings, it must be something special, so everybody quiet down and everybody listen to what he has to say."
From the beginning of her career as a rapper, Dessa has done a remarkable job of avoiding the stereotypes that go along with being a half-white female rapper surrounded by men. She's mastered the art of being honest without being gushingly confessional, and being feminine without dwelling on being the only female. It's a balance that she has been working toward since she first joined the Doomtree crew almost five years ago.
"I made a point of not wanting to participate in a song that had rappers on it and only sing the hook," she says. "There's so many women in hip hop that have been relegated to this—I'm the hot chick who sings hooks in a bathing suit. And I didn't ever want to be mistaken for anybody trying to fill that role. I'm a size 8 or 9, and for the first two years of performing onstage I wore a size 12 or 16 pants, and a borrowed sweatshirt. Because I didn't want to give anybody a reason to dismiss me."
DESSA plays a CD-release show with Jeremy Messersmith, Cecil Otter, and Aby Wolf on FRIDAY, JANUARY 22, at the FINE LINE MUSIC CAFÉ; 612.338.8100
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Adopt-a-Family Program rewards learning, spreads smiles.
Community groups and individuals will get a chance to brighten the holiday season for local children as Single Mothers Outreach of Santa Clarita once again hosts the Adopt-a-Family program.
Adopt-a-Family is one of SMO's Inspire programs, designed as a reward for families taking steps toward self-sustainability by enrolling in college or graduate school, attending SMO workshops, or graduating from the Financial Peace University program offered through SMO. In addition, applicant families agree not to enroll in other holiday gift programs.
"It's a way that our community can help brighten the holiday season for some needy families. These are people we know and we've invested in, a lot are students that are in school and are struggling … This is our opportunity as a community to help these families that are moving forward in their lives in every sense of the word, but just don't have enough to provide a really nice holiday for their children. It's a way for us to make that happen for them," said Executive Director DaAnne Smith.
Families must apply to receive gifts by October 15, and the gifts will be delivered during the second week of December. So far this year, 60 families have applied. During last year's program, 89 families were adopted by PTA groups, civic organizations, city departments, families, and even a neighborhood.
The all-volunteer SMO staff currently serves 187 families. These families receive both material and educational support and can learn career and personal management skills through the organization's workshops. Graduates of the workshops and programs often return for a refresher course or to help teach others.
Self-sustainability is key to the SMO mission. Whether or not they can provide material support to families, they are always prepared to provide information and education. Smith says the goal is more to "teach people to fish" rather than simply provide for current needs.
"Generally, if you teach a woman, she not only learns for herself, she also teaches her children too," said Smith. "So you have a lot of multiplier effect there. We encourage our moms to bring their kids to these classes so they get the benefit of what their mother is learning."


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Featured Wedding
Lanny and Adam chose an intimate, vintage look for their flowers for their smart City wedding
Read more...
Welcome to Sophie Townsend Flowers.
So you're getting married? Congratulations! If you are looking for a personal and friendly florist service that specialises in beautiful, natural flower designs, you've come to the right place. Why not take a look around the website and contact Sophie for a free and no obligation consultation.