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Silkroad Salvation - The best old school private server so far !!!
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Silkroad Salvation - The best old school private server so far !!!
Discussion on Silkroad Salvation - The best old school private server so far !!! within the Private SRO Advertising forum part of the Private SRO Main Discussions / Questions category.
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03/12/2012, 02:57
Join Date: Feb 2008
Posts: 527
Received Thanks: 224
Silkroad Salvation - The best old school private server so far !!!
I'd like to introduce to you all, a unique private server unlike any other,
Silkroad Salvation
,the best private
old school
server alive so far !
:Redesigned 70 cap
: Redesigned 70 cap
Exp Rate
: 10x
Trade Goods Rate
: Some routes are 3x iSro, some are up to 6x iSro
Item Mall
: Provides cosmetic and luxury items only,
no pay to win
1.) No botting. Users who are caught will be banned immediately.
2.) No Taxing. A taxi is defined as a high level powerleveling another player who is not contributing in any way to the exp gain. Powerleveling IS allowed as long as the low levels contribute by attacking or healing (buffing is not contributing). You may also join a party as a high level and grind alongside them. This does not apply to server events, guild events, fortress cave or pandora boxs.
3.) No farming Battle Arena coins with Multiclient AFKers. Ban on all accounts and IP banned from the server.
What is unique about Silkroad Salvation?
Since the files are unlikely to ever be released again, the 110 content we currently have is the only content any vsro based pserver will ever be able to provide. Which means with some reworking, we can tailor fit that content to a 70 cap and offer a vast endgame of repeatable fun content without having to ever raise the cap!
Silkroad Salvation aims at taking Silkroad to the next level. We want to eliminate the grind treadmill and turn silkroad into a viable game for both casuals and hardcore players. Our main focus is PvP content. We did this by moving Battle Arena onto a 2 hour timetable replacing the lame camp fest of CTF. PvP players will not need to grind a second past 70. All there gear will be available via battle arena along with the tablets and elixirs needed to pimp the gear out. PvE players are not left out. We are re-working forgotten world to provide a unique teamplay experience that will allow PvE players to gear out and be competitive. No matter your play style, you will be able to enjoy the game and be competitive.
Some unique things about Silkroad Salvation
1. In an effort to make the game play more balanced, we've tweaked quite a few skills. For instance, oblation doesn't have an absorption buff anymore, bless spell only lasts 30 seconds, so on and so forth. A few Chinese skills have also been given extra buffs.
2. This server is based around jobbing and pvp. You get quite a bit of money with the increased trader rewards, and you can get gear by going to BA and winning coins.
Here is a list of everything that's different between iSro , other Private servers and Silkroad Salvation
Silkroad Salvation Changelog
Gameplay Changes
- Cap changed to 70
- Exp/Sp Rates changed to 10x
- Alchemy stone rate changed to 78%
- Mastery limit is 210 for Chinese
- Magic pop, DMG scrolls, Premium Ticket and Devil Spirit are removed
- Universal pills and horse pots stack in 250 stacks
- Stones that drop from monsters stack in groups of 30.
- X-large pots, bolts, and arrows, stack in stacks of 1000.
- New characters begin with 20,000 SP
- Trade routes now give increased gold by 200%-500%
- Tablets no longer drop, instead Stones drop in there place
- 11d stones and set A gear, made level 70, are available in the battle arena manager
- Battle Arena is scheduled for every 2 hours
- Basic wolf pet added to battle arena manager (cost 7 tokens)
- Clock of Reincarnation added to battle arena manager (cost 10 tokens)
- Silk transports in trader NPC
- 11d Immortal stones are available at the BA manager.
- The Bandit Den fortress taxes DW.
World Map Changes
- Only Jangan and Dw area's are currently activated. World size was deemed too large for active jobbing encounters. At its peak iSro had 3k players spread over only 3 zones and even then some areas were empty dead zones. We want a server that's all about jobbing, guilds and community. After looking into which trade routes are most active/fun and which areas were the most useless, we decided to completely remove a huge chunk of the world and focus on creating a solid fun experience with a smaller world. (world map is still not edited to reflect these changes)
- Map of the new jangan mob levels
- Map of the new Donwhang mob levels
Legend 2 Update !
Legend 2, fogotten world, goes live today. It adds two pve instances, accessible via entrance stones that you can buy at the battle arena manager for 8mill (cost meant to be shared by the entire party). Both instances are hard and require a full party so be prepared for some epic battles and teamwork.
The PvE gear will have the same stats as the battle arena gear. At the moment due to unintended server maintenance last night, the 10d look of the gear is not yet complete, so for now the instances are dropping the same gear as battle arena.
The PvE instances give amazing exp and sp. After 3 or 4 runs, most people will find themself fully farmed. This should help cut out some of the blah from the game and allow you to focus on the fun aspects of the game. Also, the drop rate of 11d stones is increased dramatically.
Legend two increased the cost of trade goods. This will allow traders to take more of a risk and load up higher amounts of trade goods. As a result both trading and thieving will be more profitable.
Legend 3 Update !
Legend 3 Final Patch Notes and Overview
This lists all content added in legend 3. List does not contain bug fixes
- Level 1 - 40 gold curve flattened to give low levels an easier time getting started.
- Thief weekly contribution increased (may increase more when i gather more data)
- Water Ghosts now a level 70 grind zone for people who dislike the cave.
- Roc Gear Implamented
- Tiger Girl and Cerberus spawn timers decreased.
- Roc has been added to the game
- Added Shinmoo The Man of Flames
- Added Naiad Boss
- Added Scarecrow Boss
- Added Togui Elder Boss
- Added 13 treasure boxes
Togui Elder
- Spawns every 2 hours in the earth ghost canyon
- Drops yellow devil spirits (1 male, 1 female)
- Drops 2 devil spirit extensions needed to activate devil spirit
- Can not be face tanked. You must dodge the large spell attack to successfully kill him.
Scarecrow Boss:
- 1 Shots you if you try and tank it.
- Moves very slow, must be kited to be killed.
- Drops blue devil spirits.
- Same concept/machanics as in iSro
- Spawns north east of Hyungno homeland under the arch
- Drops 3-4 devil spirit extentions per kill
- Tank friendly boss, squishies will need to rely on good tanks.
- Ranged magical boss with a fear attack
- Spawns in DW oasis
- Drops special rare alchamy stones:
MAGICSTONE OF SHARP - Crit increase
MAGICSTONE OF IRONWALL - Block Rate increase
MAGICSTONE OF GUARD - Stun resist
MAGICSTONE OF DEVIL - Regen HP/MP
MAGICSTONE OF ABYSS - Mana Drought Resist
MAGICSTONE OF HEAT - Disease Resist
MAGICSTONE OF STUPOR - Sleep Resist
MAGICSTONE OF STRONGMIND - Fear Resist
Job Titles:
- Job titles added.
- Titles are now automated and will update with each inspection.
- Titles given to top 5 jobbers of each job.
Water Ghosts:
- Rare chance at dropping zerk scrolls
- Rare chance at dropping "Silkroad Flag"
- Rare chance at dropping "Gold Star Flag"
- More items will be added in future patches for people who enjoy grinding.
Treasure boxes:
- 40% Vigor
- 40% Vigor
- Speed Scroll
- Global Chat
- 500 HP Increase Scroll
- Draco Pet
- Strength Scroll
- Int Scroll
- Trigger Scroll
Hard to find Boxes:
- Pet Ice Buff Scroll
- Pet Lighting Buff Scroll
- Pet Fire Buff Scroll
- Monster Summon Scroll
Blade Changes:
- Added Typhoon Sword Dance
- Added Lighting Chain
- Acesntion chain no longer bleeds
Force Changes:
- Heal is faster casting
- Res is faster casting
- Self Heal heals for 1500 HP more
- Cure now cures level 8 status effects
Rouge Changes:
- Rouge level 70 crossbow damage increased by 5%
- Dagger Despret now reduces defences by 50% instead of 75%
(damage was lowered to 50% instead of 75% a long time ago, this change should bring defences in line with damage)
Registration Page:
Download Page:
P.s : If you don't know the server,try it,you will love it,most of the old school players play here.If you know it and leaved it,give it a try now,its wayy better than before !
8 Users
03/12/2012, 05:11
Join Date: Sep 2011
Posts: 227
Received Thanks: 39
its cool game but rate's still low T_T
we need 20x - 30x no more
03/12/2012, 13:15
Join Date: Feb 2008
Posts: 527
Received Thanks: 224
Originally Posted by
its cool game but rate's still low T_T
we need 20x - 30x no more
Rate its just perfect.You lvl and farm just fast enough
20x - 30x = too many high lvl noobs
03/12/2012, 13:55
Join Date: Feb 2012
Posts: 1,313
Received Thanks: 1,391
Only Jangan downhang areas? You need 50cap and you will be oldest cap server ever.
03/12/2012, 14:54
Join Date: Sep 2010
Posts: 928
Received Thanks: 543
Originally Posted by
its cool game but rate's still low T_T
we need 20x - 30x no more
2days to get lvl70ff...
03/12/2012, 16:31
Join Date: May 2007
Posts: 200
Received Thanks: 51
if u remove the egy weapons it would be cooler, they look dumb...
one with an egy weapons skilling with 70 skills... it's kind of sad watching them do that
03/12/2012, 21:17
Join Date: Feb 2008
Posts: 527
Received Thanks: 224
Originally Posted by
if u remove the egy weapons it would be cooler, they look dumb...
one with an egy weapons skilling with 70 skills... it's kind of sad watching them do that
Actually most of the users have avatars since they are very cheap and there is the roc set too :P
Originally Posted by
Only Jangan downhang areas? You need 50cap and you will be oldest cap server ever.
The thing is that you totally don't need hotan at all.You will figure it out why
I love the most that turks aren't allowed bb 10k pls and noobs and the fact that very old players play and great renown guilds,like Art of War,Infernus,Yakuza and so on.
I believe that this server has a huge balance in pvp too since many skills are edited,in my opinion the top 1 old fashion private server so far
03/12/2012, 22:50
Join Date: Nov 2008
Posts: 2,837
Received Thanks: 864
I started playing there when the Server opened.. didn't like it. But I wanted to give it a new try some Days ago and I can just say, they really did a good job. I love playing there. Leveling goes fast, but not too fast. Battle Arena is fun and you always have something to do. Oh and the new Uniques are awesome by the way.
So join us.
03/12/2012, 23:18
Join Date: Jan 2012
Posts: 183
Received Thanks: 62
Yeah what a design China rocks and eu sucks Eu has 15 secs cooldown for potions did you got it? Did you knew it? And you still did lower all skills in EU this server has %90 of ch gtfo.
03/12/2012, 23:31
Join Date: Dec 2008
Posts: 299
Received Thanks: 99
Wait, they are considering this server old school? It's anything but an old school server.
There is nothing old school about this server except the fact that is has 70 cap, which is heavily modified.
I played this server for a couple of months, they did a good job with it, but it wasn't my cup of tea, so to speak.
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2005 Harley-Davidson Street Rod Comparo
Monday, June 27, 2005
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The Harley-Davidson Street Rod is an amazing piece of work. From its hydroformed chassis to the liquid-cooled Revolution motor, everything about this bike is cool.
Harley-Davidson Street Rod
Back in 2002, Duke Danger and Kenny set about to compare the newly released Harley-Davidson V-Rod and the Yamaha Warrior in our first
performance cruiser
test. What they found was that the boys up in Milwaukee put together one of the most asphalt-shredding cruisers ever assembled. It didn't, however, offer up the same kind of agility as the Warrior when it came to navigating Ortega Canyon and other popular SoCal riding spots, and its high-performance engine felt juxtaposed in a raked-out chopper chassis. Ultimately, the Warrior came out on top simply because it offers up more than just straight-line speed, which is really what the V-Rod is all about.
After initial high demand, the V-Rod didn't have the kind of success
was likely expecting when they unleashed its unconventional liquid-cooled cruiser. Those in the market for raw power loved it, but it didn't quite handle well enough to really put that power to good use. The traditionalists just thought it reeked of change, which is bad - to some, very bad.
Earlier this year H-D took the V-Rod platform and reworked it, introducing the Street Rod, hoping to make better use of the impressive Revolution engine. It worked. During the
2005 Street Rod
press introduction, I was shocked when I mounted a machine that was capable of blasting through curvy roads
had the official H-D badge attached.
The Street Rod is definitely a bad mamma jamma, and if you want to get from point A to point B, the Street Rod will absolutely decimate any other bike in this shootout. It easily offers up the most horsepower and will out-corner any other machine as if its heritage is on the line.
The liquid-cooled, 1130cc Revolution engine delivers an impressive amount of performance, boasting a high 11.3:1 compression ratio, four valves per cylinder actuated by dual overhead cams, and electronic sequential port fuel-injection. Duke noted that he was sure this was the first test of his career in which a Harley was the most technologically advanced bike of the bunch.
The performance of the Revolution is head and shoulders above the rest of the field. Whether ripping toward an 11.52-second quarter-mile time at 121.7 mph or pumping out 110.9 horsepower at 9000 rpm, the Street Rod is king, and its mill is unquestionably the highlight of this nasty bike.
The new Harley's styling, whether you love it or hate it, catches the eye and demands attention. H-D put together a good looking bike, but to enhance the overall performance of the VCSCR, The Motor Company reconfigured the V-Rod's riding position, moving the forward-mounted pegs all the way back behind the transmission. Yes, the Street-Rod is the only machine in our test with rear-sets, which is certainly not a characteristic of most cruisers. Shorter riders are forced to stand tippy-toe due in large part to the 31-inch seat height, the tallest of our quintet. Moreover the position of the exhaust threatened to turn Duke Danger's little legs into fried chicken.
In any contest of performance, the Street Rod easily leaves behind the traditional cruisers in this test.
"I hate the bulging pipes on the right side that force my short legs to reach around and down to the pavement," comments our resident hooligan. "My calf rests warmly next to the exhaust's heat shield. It didn't burn me, but it was unsettling."
The riding position becomes even more un-cruiser like as a rider's torso leans forward and arms are splayed out to the short, narrow bars. It's actually rather comfortable, and a rider will often find himself throwing a knee out and using sportbike riding techniques to negotiate the really twisty sections. The Street Rod's excellent ground clearance might even enable a rider to do a number on a set of knee sliders.
The suspension is not quite as good as one would expect from a sportbike, but it's certainly good enough to run with any performance cruiser. The 43mm Showa inverted cartridge fork soaks up bumps fairly well, but is a little soft when it comes to pushing it hard. Out back, a set of twin Showa shocks take on suspension duties. As good as the suspension is, and it was really pretty solid, the Street Rod's suspenders didn't satisfy us all.
"The suspension was way too soft and undersprung when pushing through the twisties," said D.B. "I'm not sure if it's fair to judge this bike as a sportbike, but the motor and riding position certainly encourage you to push the suspension past its capabilities."
H-D fits the Street Rod with a decent set of Brembo binders. Bringing the bike to a stop is a set of 300mm discs up front, actuated by four-pot Brembo-sourced calipers, while a single 300mm disc with a twin-piston caliper takes care of duties out back. The brakes were neither phenomenal nor terrible, but they are a vast improvement over the binders fitted to the rest of H-D's machines.
Harley-Davidson seemed to break out of their traditional mold in a variety of ways on the Street Rod. The hefty clutch pull found on most of their models has been replaced with a sweet and easy pull. Likewise, the super clunky tranny that is a hallmark of Harley's design is gone, and in its place is a much smoother unit, although the majority of testers still labeled it as notchy.
In any contest of performance, the Street Rod easily leaves behind the traditional cruisers in this test.
The Street Rod's controls are excellent and well within reach, and the system Harley uses for its self-canceling turnsignals continues to be the industry standard (we only wish we didn't have to use our right thumb to actuate the right-side turnsignal, a la BMW). The Street Rod is fitted with a nicely designed instrument cluster, although its low mounting position forces a rider's eyes away from the road. Some of our testers felt it was time H-D updated its cheap-looking plastic switch-gear housings, especially on a bike that retails for $16,495, about tied with the Hammer for loftiest price.
There is no question H-D has built an impressive performance motorcycle. However, we're not so sure we can call it a cruiser. A rider doesn't sit on it like a cruiser, as the forward lean and rear-set pegs offer a traditional, if not sporting, riding position. In fact, there's just three characteristics that would allow it to enter the cruiser category: It's a Twin, it's much heavier than most sport or standard motorcycles, and it is fitted with The Motor Company badge.
Kudos to Harley-Davidson for building this motorcycle, but a cruiser it is not.
From our tester's notepads:
- For a Harley, the Street Rod's plastic rear fender is unacceptable, especially when considering there are no other nods to serious weight reduction.
- Is it just me or does anybody else notice that all these other manufacturers are copying Harley and then Harley goes and builds a standard/sport/hooligan bike.
- The exhaust note is cool and different than a traditional big-inch Twin. It doesn't have that deep rumble; it's more like a revving V-4.
- How many cruisers can wheelie?
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subset: commoncrawl


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Inclusion of MUC1 (Ma695) in a panel of immunohistochemical markers is useful for distinguishing between endocervical and endometrial mucinous adenocarcinoma*
1 Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, State University of New York at Buffalo, NY
2 Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX
3 Department of epidemiology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, NY
4 University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
BMC Clinical Pathology 2006, 6:1 doi:10.1186/1472-6890-6-1Published: 12 January 2006
Distinguishing endocervical adenocarcinoma (ECA) from endometrial mucinous adenocarcinoma (EMMA) is clinically significant in view of the differences in their management and prognosis. In this study, we used a panel of tumor markers to determine their ability to distinguish between primary endocervical adenocarcinoma and primary endometrial mucinous adenocarcinoma.
Immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies to MUC1 (Ma695), p16, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and vimentin, was performed to examine 32 cases, including 18 EMMAs and 14 ECAs. For MUC1, cases were scored based on the percentage of staining pattern, apical, apical and cytoplasmic (A/C), or negative. For p16, cases were scored based on the percentage of cells stained. For the rest of the antibodies, semiquantitative scoring system was carried out.
For MUC1, majority of EMMA (14 of 18 cases, 78%) showed A/C staining, whereas only few ECA (2 of 14, 14%) were positive. The difference of MUC1 expression in the two groups of malignancy was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Staining for p16 was positive in 10 of 14 (71%) ECA and 4 of 18 (22%) EMMA. Estrogen receptor was positive in 3 of 14 (21%) ECA and 17 of 18 (94%) EMMA. Progesterone receptor was positive in 3 of 14 (21%) ECA and 16 of 18 (89%) EMMA. Vimentin was positive in 1 of 14 (7%) ECA, and 9 of 18 (50%) EMA, with median and range of 0 (0–6), and 1.5 (0–9) respectively.
A panel of immunohistochemical markers including MUC1, p16, ER, PR, and vimentin is recommended, when there is morphological and clinical doubt as to the primary site of endocervical or endometrial origin.


text:
Week 11 inactives
Updated: November 16, 2008, 3:57 PM ETBy John Clayton | ESPN.com
Chargers at Steelers QB Charlie Whitehurst, CB Cletis Gordon, CB Steve Gregory, RB Michael Bennett, OL Kynan Forney, TE Kris Wilson, DT Ian Scott, WR Buster Davis.
QB Dennis Dixon, CB Bryant McFadden, CB Deshea Townsend, T Tony Hills, LT Marvel Smith, DE Orpheus Roye, LB Bruce Davis, TE Heath Miller.
Rams at 49ers QB Brock Berlin, CB Tye Hill, LB Chris Draft, RB Steven Jackson, RB Sam Gado, OL John Greco, OL Roy Schuening, DE Eric Moore.
QB Jamie Martin, S Dashon ...
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The following post was created from content submitted via Tire Rack's consumer surveys. Information shown is the opinion of the consumer and meant to be used for comparison shopping purposes.
|Michelin Pilot Sport PS2
|Reviewer's Overall Rating: 8.86
2007 Acura TL Type-S
Buy/More Info
|Miles driven on tires:
|Belmont, MA
|Driving Condition:
Initial Review, 22,000 Miles on Tires
So far these have been great summer tires over the past two seasons. Some of the best traits: Low noise level, comfortable ride, great warm weather dry traction, great grip on spirited lauches.
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Tag Archives: mom
A prada twist on nursery rhymes for the Fashionista Mother
How Cute? Want to check this book out in more detail? Click on the picture and it will take you to target's website were it is sold. For the woman more accustomed to singing Missoni's praises than singing lullabies comes … Continue reading
Fashion & Style…A Mother's Influence
For These Designers, Mom Knew Best By CHLOE MALLE Published: May 6, 2011 IN "The Importance of Being Earnest," Oscar Wilde wrote: "All women become like their mothers. That is their tragedy. No man does. That's his." Fashion designers get around … Continue reading
Mrs. Middleton's dress- Catherine's mom
Straight from the royal website – "Mrs. Carole Middleton is wearing a sky blue wool crepe coatdress with matching satin piping and passementerie at the waist and cuff over a sky blue silk shantung 'Sydney' day dress with short pleated … Continue reading


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Thunder Horse Gains Most Since March as Brent-WTI Spread Widens
Dec. 2 (Bloomberg) -- Thunder Horse crude on the U.S. Gulf Coast rose the most in almost nine months against West Texas Intermediate as the domestic benchmark lost ground to Brent.
When Brent, which is used to price European and West African crudes, gains versus WTI, it can raise the value of domestic grades that compete with imports for space in Gulf Coast refineries.
"The grades are reacting to the widening Brent-WTI spread," said Andy Lipow, president of Lipow Oil Associates LLC in Houston. "It's really being driven by the economic headlines overseas."
Thunder Horse climbed $1.65 to a $1.40 premium to WTI from a 25-cent discount Nov. 29, according to data compiled by Bloomberg at 4:12 p.m. in New York. It was the grade's biggest gain since March 14. WTI weakened against Brent by 66 cents to a discount of $17.63 a barrel, based on New York Mercantile Exchange and ICE Futures Europe settlement prices.
Heavy Louisiana Sweet's premium to WTI rose 50 cents to $4.30 a barrel, while Light Louisiana Sweet gained 55 cents to a premium of $4. Mars Blend's discount narrowed $1.60 to $1.50 a barrel.
Southern Green Canyon strengthened by $1.50 to a discount of $2.20 a barrel. Poseidon rose $1.70 to a discount of $2.30.
To contact the reporter on this story: Eliot Caroom in New York at email@example.com
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Dan Stets at email@example.com


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Unless you are given
Rh immune globulin just before or after a high-risk event, such as
amniocentesis, abortion,
ectopic pregnancy, or childbirth, you have a chance of
becoming sensitized to an Rh-positive fetus's blood.
If you have been Rh-sensitized in the past, you must be closely
watched during any pregnancy with an Rh-positive partner, because
your fetus is more likely to have Rh-positive blood. In response to an
Rh-positive fetus, your immune system may quickly develop IgG antibodies, which
can cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells. Each subsequent
pregnancy with an Rh-positive fetus may produce more serious problems for the
fetus. The resulting fetal disease (called Rh disease,
hemolytic disease of the newborn, or erythroblastosis
fetalis) can be mild to severe.
If you have been Rh-sensitized in the past, an Rh-negative fetus
cannot trigger an immune reaction.
Last Revised:
October 20, 2011
Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:
Sarah Marshall, MD - Family Medicine & William Gilbert, MD - Maternal and Fetal Medicine
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December 12, 2012
LIMA — Life hasn't been easy for Ross and Rachel. Every time the couple think they are getting a little bit ahead, another challenge comes to put them even further behind.
It began several years ago, shortly after the couple got together, when Ross, now 22, was diagnosed with kidney failure.
"I just sort of came to this place where I thought if it's my time, it's my time," Ross said. "We're very strong Christians. I said my final prayer, made my peace with God and just kind of waited to die. Through the grace of God, I was cured. I never understood it.
"Even now, looking back on it I don't know how I lived."
That's when the medical bills began mounting. They've been steadily growing ever since as Ross has endured medical problem after medical problem. He's had multiple heart attacks, was diagnosed with a heart murmur and abnormal heartbeat and has had a series of operations on his stomach.
The medical issues are so bad, multiple doctors have told him working could kill him. The couple have experienced countless barriers, however, in attempting to collect disability benefits to help make ends meet for the couple and their four children — one of whom lives with them full-time.
Rachel has tried getting another steady job — unemployment benefits from a previous job ran out two weeks ago — but she's been unsuccessful so far. It has made providing for their family difficult to say the least, Ross said.
"We're barely making it," he said. "Every day we wake up I'm just glad we made it another day."
Sometimes, the eldest girl, who is 5, comes in to visit, Ross said.
"She knows I worry. She's my angel," he said. "She'll just come in and tell me, 'Daddy, I love you.' It just makes my day. Pain or not, it makes me feel like I could take on the world."
Ross knows it's not going to be easy this holiday season. The couple's eldest child has an idea how hard life is for her parents now and seems to understand, he said, but it doesn't make it any easier to accept.
"I'm always wondering how much time I have left," he said. "The bottom line is I want to leave something for my kids."


text:
Twin Calculator
100,000 - 500,000 downloadsAdd this app to your listsTweets por @Appszoom
The sub value displayed at the top left can be used in the main calculation.
You can switch easily between main and sub.
Please forget about the old memory function.
This is an evolved form of the memory function.
The two values can be easily compared.
There is no more need to write them down.
Two special keys.
1. [A/B] key : Switch between main and sub
2. [A],[B] key : Use sub value
The calculation history can be displayed in the blank space, and it can also be copied to the clipboard (long press on the history field).
The button and background colors are also customizable.
Please use it for simple calculations in every day life.
[Twin Calculator]-----------------------
pocket calculator, electronic calculator
[Twin Calculator]-----------------------
Tags: twin calculator apk, baixe rwin caulculator, twin calculator, 愛用電卓 ツイン, shake calc apk, calculator display scientific notation, honeycomb scientific calculator, scientific notation calculator display, shake calc 2.2 apk, twin calc.
- Added Locale-Sensitive format.
- Localization added : France, Germany, Italy, and South Korea.
- Fixed a display bug of some devices.
- Added support for the resolution of some devices.
- LCD background color is also customizable.
- Fixed a problem that can not be properly operate the Clipboard.
- The display method of a history is improved.
- Added the option to hide ad.
- Added support for the resolution of some devices.
(69 stars)
V good app
(69 stars)
Perfect for me! I was just looking to replace the boring looking calendar that came with my phone. This one is simple and basic but lets me personalize it to my taste.
(69 stars)
This calculator have everything i want in a calculator. Not every calculator application have the percentage symbol. I'll give it 5 apples. Ny in the house (Calculator tun up .)
(69 stars)
Such a simple idea that is so amazingly useful, you wonder why it took so long for someone to do it. This is a must have app.
(69 stars)
Good and usefull
(69 stars)
The only calculator I've found on android market that does calculations correctly without wasting your time constantly using the (=) button. To top off this calculator, it eliminates the need for a pen and paper for complex calculations, by giving you the option of easily toggling between the two independent calculation results.
(69 stars)
Good software


text:
Unprofessional Fridays: 05/29/2015
Become Premium to Watch
Mortal Kombat X moves forward with a snappier version of the previous game's fighting and some cool new characters, but the story and other features around the edges feel a bit rough in spots.
The ways that Axiom Verge resembles Metroid help set up and drive home the ways that Axiom Verge is most definitely not Metroid.
Hotline Miami's thrillingly brutal gameplay is stretched to the point of breaking in this aesthetically pleasing, but otherwise disappointing sequel.
Game »
consists of 2 releases.
Released Nov 20, 2001
Follow up to the Wii Balance Board show case title on the Nintendo Wii
Stoked is a trick-based open world snowboarding game with a focus on backcountry riding.
Take to the slopes in this new snowboarding franchise from Ubisoft. Create your own paths, film your own tricks and share them with the world.
A skiing game for the Nintendo Wii that features support for the Wii Balance Board. It is also known as Family Ski.
SSX Blur brings the venerable snowboarding franchise to the Nintendo Wii. Blur features extensive motion based controls that allow a player to guide her rider using the Wiimote's motion controls for big moves, and the nunchuks analog stick for fine movements. Blur features multiplayer support for up to four players.
SSX On Tour is the fourth game in the SSX franchise.
The sequel to the game 1080 Snowboarding for the Nintendo 64.
The third game of the SSX franchise, SSX3 continues the tradition of over-the-top Uber Tricks, super stylistic characters and introduces the "One Mountain" concept.
Transworld Snowboarding is an Xbox exclusive snow boarding game. It boasts over 20 huge levels.
A snowboarding game by Activision for the PlayStation 2 and Gameboy Advance
Snowboard Supercross (SSX) is the ground-breaking PS2 launch title from EA Canada. It helped pave the way for many similar "extreme" sports games.
This unofficial sequel to X-Games Pro Boarder features expansive levels and a simple create-a-park feature.
An action extreme sports game released in 1999 for the PlayStation.
1080 Snowboarding is a multiplayer snowboard racing game, first released on the N64 in North America on April 1 1998, and later re-released for the Wii virtual console on January 28, 2008.
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WASHINGTON, March 17 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- The following is a statement by Matthew L. Myers President, Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids:
(Logo: http://www.newscom.com/cgi-bin/prnh/20080918/CFTFKLOGO )
Voting 387 to 25, the U.S. House of Representatives today gave final congressional approval to the Prevent All Cigarette Trafficking (PACT) Act, legislation to curtail the growing sales of tax-evading, low-cost cigarettes and other tobacco products over the Internet and through the mail. Passage of this legislation is a milestone in the fight to keep kids from smoking and prevent tax evasion that costs state and federal taxpayers billions each year.
We applaud Rep. Anthony Weiner (D-NY), the chief House sponsor, and Sen. Herb Kohl (D-WI), the Senate sponsor, for their leadership and persistence in pursuing this legislation and winning its approval. The Senate unanimously approved the bill on March
SOURCE Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids
Copyright©2010 PR Newswire.
All rights reserved
Related medicine news :
1. City Harvest Food Council Chefs Meet With Harlem Students For Lunch & Travel to Washington to Ask Congress to Invest in Child Nutrition
2. Canadian Stroke Congress 2010
3. Controversial urological issues top EAUs Anniversary Congress in Barcelona
4. Over 500 Doctors Descend Into Abu Dhabi to Attend the 1st International Abu Dhabi Diabetes Congress
5. Statement From Reverend Al Sharpton, Former Congressman J.C. Watts, and Dr. Gary A. Puckrein on the Meeting Between the Congressional Black Caucus and the White House
6. Nutritional Aid is Cost-effective Measure Against Health and Hunger Problems, World Vision Tells Congress
7. Rev. Michel Faulkner Seeks to Retire Charlie Rangel from New York's 15th Congressional Seat
8. RetireSafe Urges All Seniors to Call on Congress to Save Physician Hospitals Quality Care for Medicare Patients
9. 100 Day Countdown to the World Congress of Cardiology Scientific Sessions 2010
10. Congressional Concession On Medical Malpractice Awards Will Not Lower Health Care Costs And Will Hurt Patients' Rights, Washington, DC Attorney Says
11. Citizens Constitutional Congress Formed To Resist White House Takeover Of American Healthcare System 'Free Citizens Fighting To Keep America Free'


text:
After nearly 11 years, I've finally decided to pull the plug on Usenet archive: Groupsrv.com.
The page you have requested no longer exists!
But don't panic just yet!
I've coded this page in a way, that it's monitoring each redirect & capturing data about the thread you've requested. Page you've requested is still available in Google's Usenet Archive. You should be able to access it using following URL:
Auditing a progress database..
Note: I can't guarantee that all Groupsrv.com pages can be found in Google Groups, but over 90% of the content should be there. If not, try the resources below!
Internal audit! – employed by organizations to perform the internal auditing activity. The scope of internal auditing within an organization is broad and may involve topics
Database! – A database is an organized collection of data. The data is typically organized to model aspects of reality in a way that supports processes requiring
Software development process! – describes standards for a formally organized process to manufacture a product and the methods of managing and monitoring progress. Although the standard
OpenEdge Advanced Business Language! – is a business application development language created and maintained by Progress Software Corporation (PSC). The language, typically classified as a fourth-generation
L. Ron Hubbard! – causing emotional and physical problems. By carrying out a process he called "auditing", a person could be regressed through his engrams to re-experiencing


text:
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Get rewarded when you shop! Earn 1 point per dollar spent. That's like getting cash back on every purchase. Easy to see matured points in checkout. Use points just like cash.Learn More
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Learn more about Graco SnugRide Click Connect 30 Infant Car Seat - Everest:
Manufacturer: Graco
Mfg Part#: 8E4C0670
Sku: 260458577
Package Weight: 32 lbs
Batteries: Not Applicable
See more in Infant Car Seats
|Graco SnugRide Click Connect 30 is one of the lightest weight infant car seats, making it easy for mom to carry baby from car to stroller and everywhere in between. The seat is designed to protect babies rear-facing from 4-30 pounds and features a comfortable seat to keep baby safe and cozy. The SnugRide Click Connect 30 has been rigorously crash tested to meet or exceed U.S. safety standards and reassure safety-conscious. EPS, energy absorbing foam allows for effective impact energy management. In addition, Click Connect technology provides a one-step secure attachment to all Graco Click Connect strollers making it easy to create a travel system that best fits your lifestyle. The Graco SnugRide Click Connect 30 Infant Car Seat Features: Click Connect system that provides a one-step secure attachment to all Graco Click Connect Strollers Rigorously crash tested to meet or exceed U.S. safety standards and reassure safety-conscious parents EPS, energy absorbing foam for effective impact energy management Graco is a Newell Rubbermaid company, continuing to build on over a half-century of success in the childcare and baby care industry. Graco is committed to designing and manufacturing top-quality products that are inspired by the needs of both parents and babies. Graco is known worldwide for its innovative baby swings, car seats, highchairs, travel systems and more. Graco designs and manufactures a full selection of top-rated car seats, everything from infant car seats and booster car seats to convertible car seats to forward facing car seats. All Graco baby car seats and Graco toddler car seats are designed with safety, ease of use and comfort in mind. Graco car seats range from newborn through to children over 40 pounds and 40 inches.
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Welcome to the official Toys "R" Us Rakuten store. Toys "R" Us, Inc. is the world's leading dedicated toy and juvenile products retailer, offering a differentiated shopping experience through its family of brands. It currently sells merchandise in more than 1,560 stores, including 845 Toys "R" Us® and Babies "R" Us® stores in the United States, and more than 510 international stores and 200 licensed stores in 33 countries and jurisdictions. In addition, it exclusively operates the legendary FAO Schwarz® brand and sells extraordinary toys in the brand's flagship store on Fifth Avenue in New York City. With its strong portfolio of e-commerce sites including Toysrus.com, Babiesrus.com, eToys.com, FAO.com and babyuniverse.com, Toys "R" Us, Inc. provides shoppers with a broad online selection of distinctive toys and baby products. The company also operates Toys.com, which offers customers exclusive deals from the company's e-commerce sites. For more than 60 years, Toys "R" Us has been a favorite destination for kids and grown-ups alike with its impressive assortment of toys, games, sporting goods, electronics, software, baby products, children's apparel and juvenile furniture. With such a broad selection Toys "R" Us is THE authority when it comes to finding the perfect toy.
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Connected BooksSee More Connected Books
If you like this, Harlequin recommends
- Mission: Children
- by
- Jun 2014
- Peacekeeper
- by
- Jul 2012
- Last-Minute Marriage
- by
- Sep 2014
- Marry Me Tonight
- by
- Jul 2012
When Lana Lord received the parcel containing a tattered teddy bear, three tiny hand-knit sweaters and an unsigned letter, she knew it was from the mother who had given her and her siblings up for adoption twenty-five years ago. But Lana claimed no interest in who her mother was or why she had waited until now to contact her...until she met Dylan Van Zandt. Dylan's struggle to raise a child who wasn't his own made Lana realize that love's choices aren't always easy.
The writing team of Marisa Carroll came about when one half, Carol Wagner, parted company with her first writing partner, an old high school friend, after publishing two books. Carol saw the writing on the wall—the line they were writing for was on life support—her friend didn't. It looked like it was back to being 2nd shift charge nurse at Oak Grove nursing home.
Enter the second half of the duo: her sister, Marian Franz, who had been typing heroically on an almost worn-out Selectric, and editing industriously with two toddlers hanging onto her pant leg since the beginning of Carol's now sputtering career.
"Try writing for Harlequin," Marian said.
"I don't want to do it alone," Carol replied. "I loved talking story ideas over with someone else. I hate all that grammar and stuff."
"We'll do it together," Marian said. "I already type your manuscripts anyway."
So they gave it a try. The combination has lasted for 28 books, 26 of them for Harlequin's various lines.
Ideas come from one or both. Carol does most of the writing. Marian does the research, all of the editing and proofreading, and ruthless weeding out of run-on sentences.
The partnership isn't always smooth sailing, but like most long-term relationships, even those among non-siblings, the sisters have learned to put petty differences aside for the greater good of the book.
Marian sometimes longs to sit down in front of the computer in her pajamas instead of donning panty hose for her job at Bowling Green State University, and Carol envies her younger sister her excellent health benefits and pension plan.
But they've established a goal of 50 published books, a kind of Golden Anniversary for the partnership. And they intend to stick to it, no matter how many arguments it takes.


text:
Video: Michael Lohan arrested again, jumped balcony trying escape
Video: Michael Lohan arrested again, attempted to evade police
PHOTOS: Florida's rejected license plates aren't always offensive
Tampa, Florida -- Michael Lohan will be monitored by doctors until at least Friday morning after police say he jumped from a balcony early Thursday, trying to avoid his second arrest in three days.
He said he violated a judge's order because he's "a sucker" and "an idiot."
Photos: Michael Lohan arrested in Tampa
Lindsay Lohan's father Michael Lohan was arrested again Thursday morning by Tampa Police after investigators say he contacted his girlfriend Kate Major.
Wednesday, Judge Walter Heinrich told Lohan, "If you even dream about her and you violate my order, you will go to jail." Investigators say he did more than dream.
Lohan had been in front of the judge in Tampa on charges he beat up Major, his on-again, off-again girlfriend. After that warning from the judge, Lohan was released.
Related Stories:
Police say Wednesday afternoon, not long after he was released from jail, Lohan called Major, violating that judge's order and a temporary injunction filed in Sarasota County.
Investigators say while officers were talking with Major at her apartment, Lohan called again. She put him on speakerphone and police listened in.
Police say Lohan seemed to want to work things out with Major. After five minutes, they told her to hang up the phone. After checking with the State Attorney's Office, Tampa Police decided Lohan had violated the judge's no-contact order.
They went to the Tahitian Inn on S. Dale Mabry Hwy. in South Tampa at around 1 a.m. Thursday to arrest him.
Officers say Lohan spotted them and jumped from a third story balcony to try to get away.
His arrest report states:
"we saw the def fall from a 3rd floor balcony next to the one we were standing on. The def apparently leaped up from his balcony and grabbed a hold of the roof. He then must have scurried across the roof (about 30 feet) until he thought he was hanging over top of the next balcony. The def then let go but missed this balcony. He came crashing down on top of wooden high chairs that were laying on the ground. This fall was 34 feet (measured with laser). The def then hid in some trees directly below where he was apprehended."
TMZ was apparently tipped off about the arrest because a TMZ crew captured video as police pulled Lohan from trees to arrest him.
"I think it's crazy," said hotel owner Joe Pupello, "my family has been here for 60 years. We've had excitement but not quite like this."
Pupello says Lohan enjoyed dinner at the hotel Wednesday night, then sang "American Pie" by Don McLean at karaoke night, before going back to his third floor room.
When police got Lohan to the Orient Road Jail, deputies did not process him in; they think he may have a broken foot.
So, instead of booking him, Tampa Police took him to Tampa General Hospital. Officials say he will be admitted to the hospital overnight for observation, and will not be booked back into jail until at least Friday.
While he was being loaded into a police cruiser to go from the jail to the hospital, Lohan said Major initiated the contact, telling him she was being evicted from her apartment and needed his help.
Metromix: Lindsay Lohan through the years
"She keeps doing this. She needs help, she calls me, and I'm a sucker. I call back, and I'm an idiot," Lohan said.
"So the problem his hers or yours?" photojournalist Van Williams asked.
"Well, she keeps calling -- she was getting evicted from the apartment -- she called up, and she said she needed help," Lohan answered.
Major could not be reached for comment Thursday, though she told officers she is afraid of what Lohan is capable of doing to her.
This is Lohan's second arrest in three days. After his Tuesday arrest, he told police he moved to Tampa to avoid all of the publicity surrounding his celebrity daughter.
The Hillsborough County Sheriff's Office says Lohan will be placed in solitary confinement for his own protection.
More mug shot galleries...
Strange: Most notorious or unusual mug shots we've seen
Teachers:Teacher arrest mugshots
Jaw droppers:Open mouth mug shots
Smilers: Happy mug shots
Laughers: What's so funny mug shots
Prostitutes: Prostitute mug shots
Athletes: Professional athlete mug shots
Porn arrests: Child porn arrest mug shots
Local Mugs: Hillsborough County Mug shots
More unusual mug shots and galleries: 10 News slideshows and galleries
Grayson Kamm, 10 News


text:
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text:
A comparison of the effect of total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol and remifentanil and inhalational anaesthesia with isoflurane on the release of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients undergoing open cholecystectomy.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of two anaesthetic techniques (total intravenous technique vs. inhalational technique) on changes in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels during open cholecystectomy. Forty ASA PS I-II patients undergoing open cholecystectomy were randomly assigned to two groups. Group R received total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol and remifentanil and group F received balanced inhalational anaesthesia with isoflurane. The plasma levels of tumour necrosis factor-a (TNF-[alpha]), interleukin IL-6 and interleukin IL-10 were measured during and after surgery.
The pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-[alpha] and IL-6) and the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) showed a significant increase in their concentrations compared with pre-induction levels in both groups (P <0.05). By the end of anaesthesia and surgery, TNF-[alpha] and IL-6 were significantly lower in group R than in group F (P <0.05). At the end of anaesthesia and 12 hours postoperatively, IL-10 levels in group R were higher than in group F (P <0.05). These findings suggest that total intravenous anaesthesia using propofol and remifentanil suppresses the inflammatory response caused by surgery to a greater extent than a balanced inhalation technique using isoflurane.
Key Words: total intravenous anaesthesia, propofol, remifentanil, tumour necrosis factor-a, interleukin-6, interleukin-10
Any surgical procedure impairs homeostasis and triggers various haemodynamic, metabolic and immunologic reactions, (1,2). Results of many experimental and clinical studies have found that surgical trauma is associated with an impaired immune response in the postoperative period, which may be connected with altered production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as inhibition of cellular responses (3). It has also been shown that proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines are pivotal for the acute-phase inflammatory and immunologic response induced after surgical trauma. The most important cytokines in this regard are tumour necrosis factor-[alpha] (TNF-[alpha]), interleukin IL-6 and interleukin IL-10 (4,5).
Anaesthesia itself may also alter immune function with potential impact on the postoperative course. General anaesthesia accompanied by surgical stress may influence the inflammatory responses that are essential for maintaining the homeostatic state during the postoperative course (6). Various anaesthetics have been suspected of impairing various functions of the immune system either directly, by disturbing the functions of immune-competent cells, or indirectly by modulating the stress response (7,8). Different anaesthetic methods may interfere with the stress response, especially cytokine activation during and after surgery.
The aim of this study was to evaluate possible differences in the plasma cytokine response of TNF-[alpha], IL-6 and IL-10 with two anaesthetic techniques--total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) using propofol/remifentanil versus balanced inhalational anaesthesia using isoflurane, in open cholecystectomy.
After approval by the local ethics committee and written informed consent, 40 patients (ASA physical status I-II) undergoing open cholecystectomy were randomised to receive either TIVA with propofol and remifentanil (group R, n=20) or with isoflurane and fentanyl (group F, n=20). Exclusion criteria were as follows: immune system disorders, major systemic illness known to alter inflammatory changes such as rheumatoid arthritis, and steroid medication within the past six months.
After the insertion of a peripheral IV cannula, anaesthesia was induced with remifentanil (0.5 [micro]g/kg/min) and propofol (6 mg/kg/h) in group R, and with fentanyl (3 [micro]g/kg) and propofol (2 to 3 mg/kg) in group E. In both groups, muscle relaxation was achieved with vecuronium (0.15 mg/kg) and tracheal intubation was performed using an endotracheal tube. The cuff was inflated with 10 ml of air. After endotracheal intubation, the infusion rate of propofol was decreased to 3 mg/kg/h and another infusion of remifentanil (0.25 [micro]g/kg/min) was started in group R. To achieve similar depth of anaesthesia, BIS monitoring (Monitor Model A-2000[TM], Aspect Medical Systems Inc) was used targeting values between 40 and 50 intraoperatively. Increases in BIS-levels >50 were treated by increasing, first, the isoflurane concentration (up to 1.2 MAC) and second, by a bolus of fentanyl (1 [micro]g/kg) in group F and in group R, by an increase first in propofol infusion rate (max 6 mg/kg/h) and second in the remifentanil infusion rate (max 0.35 [micro]g/kg/min). Muscle relaxation was supplemented with vecuronium 0.05 mg/kg as required. The lungs of the patients were ventilated using a pressure-controlled mode with a maximum pressure of 20 cm[H.sub.2]0 and a positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 5 cm[H.sub.2]O. Ventilation rate and maximum airway pressure were adjusted to maintain a normal end-tidal C[O.sub.2] (33 to 43 mmHg). Monitoring included continuous measurement of arterial blood pressure (mean arterial pressure [MAP]), heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (pulse oximetry). Hypotension (MAP <60 mmHg) was corrected with either fluid administration (lactated Ringer's solution, hydroxyethyl starch solution) or a small bolus of ephedrine.
Blood samples were drawn immediately before induction of anaesthesia ([T.sub.1]), at the end of anaesthesia and surgery ([T.sub.2]) and 12 hours postoperatively ([T.sub.3]). Blood samples (10 ml each) from all tested patients were drawn via an indwelling catheter inserted into a forearm vein and collected in heparinised syringes. After centrifugation of the blood at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes at 4[degrees]C, separated plasma samples were stored in two or three aliquots (120[micro]l) at -70[degrees]C until cytokine assay.
Using commercially available kits (Opt-EIA; Pharmingen, San Diego, CA, U.S.A.), plasma levels of TNF-[alpha], IL-6 and IL-10 were measured by a two-step sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, according to the manufacturer's instructions. Standards and samples were pipetted into the wells of a microtitre plate, which are precoated with specific cytokine antibodies. Cytokines are bound by the immobilised antibody. After washing away any unbound substances, an enzyme-linked polyclonal antibody specific for a cytokine is added to the wells. After a wash to remove any unbound antibody enzyme reagent, tetramethylbenzidine is added to the wells. The enzyme reaction yields a blue product, which turns yellow when the stop solution sulphuric acid is added. The optical density measured is in proportion to the amount of cytokine bound in the initial step. The sample values are then interpolated into the standard curve.
Statistical analysis
Analysis of variance for repeated measurements was used to compare the changes in values achieved at different intervals and to compare the difference between groups. Statistical analysis was undertaken with SPSS 11.5 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, U.S.A.) and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Patient groups were similar with regard to age, weight, gender, duration of anaesthesia and transfusion requirement. All values are expressed as mean [+ or -] SD (Table 1).
Pre-induction values of the pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-[alpha] and IL-6) and the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) did not differ significantly between the two groups. By the end of anaesthesia and surgery, TNF-[alpha] and IL-6 showed a significant change in their concentrations (P <0.05, Table 2). By 12 hours postoperatively, their values were still higher than the pre-induction level (P <0.05, Table 2). Also, the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) in both groups was increased significantly (P <0.05, Table 2) by the end of anaesthesia and surgery compared with the pre-induction level. It was then decreased at 12 hours postoperatively compared with the end of anaesthesia and surgery to reach a value above the pre-induction level (Table 2).
By the end of anaesthesia and surgery, TNF-[alpha] and IL-6 concentrations were significantly lower in group R (101[+ or -]20, 3.5[+or -]3.4 pg/ml) than in group F (164[+ or -]23, 18.7[+ or -]6.1 pg/ml, P <0.05, Table 2). At 12 hours postoperatively, the two cytokine levels appeared slightly higher in group F (132[+ or -]19, 15.5[+ or -]5.2 pg/ml) than in group R (98[+ or -]17, 13.7[+ or -]4.5 pg/ml), but the differences were not significant (Table 2). The IL-10 concentrations at the end of anaesthesia and surgery and 12 hours postoperatively in group R were higher than in group F (P <0.05, Table 2).
Major surgery causes a variety of physiological changes that are known collectively as the 'stress response' to surgery (1,2). The systemic inflammatory response during and after surgery is important in the development of postoperative complications. Severe dysregulation of the inflammatory process may provoke or aggravate postoperative complications, e.g. increased susceptibility to infections, inadequate stress reactions and hypercatabolism. Furthermore, the inflammatory cytokine response may exert a profound impact on the circulatory stability. Cytokines play a central role in the acute inflammatory and immune response initiated by trauma or infection (4,5).
Cytokines are a heterogeneous group of proteins which orchestrate the inflammatory response after surgery (9). The pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-[alpha]) and the anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) have local and systemic effects, which attempt to limit injury and the spread of infection, and provide a suitable environment for tissue healing and repair (10,11). The current study showed that the cytokine response to open cholecystectomy influenced both the pro-inflammatory (TNF-[alpha] and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) components.
TNF-[alpha] is thought to be the 'hub of the cytokine network', which is a critical early mediator in the genesis of a systemic inflammatory response. In addition to stimulating the production of secondary cytokines, such as the pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 and the anti-inflammatory interleukin-10, TNF-[alpha] is a primary inflammatory mediator that is responsible for many physiological changes such as hypotension, fever, tachycardia, oliguria and changes in consciousness in patients with septic shock (12,13). Overproduction of TNF-[alpha] can be disastrous to the host and is seen in such pathological conditions as autoimmune disorders and septic shock (14,15).
Interleukin-6 is a multi-potent cytokine produced in the course of inflammation (16). In addition to its role in the inflammatory response, it is important in host defence, immune responses and haematopoiesis. Interleukin-6 is critical to the development of acute-phase response during inflammation and has been demonstrated to be necessary for the final stages of plasma cell development as well as participating in a number of other processes (17-19). It has been reported that the IL-6 concentration in peripheral vein blood increases rapidly after abdominal surgery and the IL-6 response to surgery reflects the extent of tissue damage (20).
Interleukin-10 is associated with immunosuppressive responses (21). Interleukin-10 is a well-characterised cytokine produced by Th2 cells and has been shown to have predominately anti-inflammatory effects. This cytokine inhibits the production of IFN-y by lymphocytes, TNF-[alpha] and IL-6 by macrophages and monocytes, and TNF-[alpha] and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor production by eosinophils. IL-10 is thought to be important in modulating multiple aspects of the Th2 response to certain parasitic infections. In IL-10 gene-deficient mice an overproduction of inflammatory cytokines and development of chronic inflammatory diseases have been shown (22,23).
Changes in the cytokines levels caused by surgical trauma are believed to influence local cellular immune response within the peritoneum. During that immunologic response several cells and mediators are engaged, both to eliminate infectious agents and remove and repair damaged tissues. The above-mentioned reactions are balanced by anti-inflammatory mechanisms that are responsible for the restoration of homeostasis and proper functioning of the afflicted tissues and organs. Regaining the correct function by the particular tissues and organs also depends on the delicate balance between the mediators of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Furthermore, increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines after major surgical procedures have been connected with increase in postoperative complications and morbidity (24,25). In the present study, elevated levels of TNF-[alpha] and IL-6 were demonstrated throughout the study period. At the same time, increased levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were also observed. It is possible that the increased release of IL-10 observed after surgery plays a protective role during infection and trauma.
Our findings indicate that the choice of anaesthetic technique appears to affect the release of cytokines. Recently it has been shown both in vitro and in vivo that several intravenous anaesthetic agents have anti-inflammatory effects. Ketamine prevents the pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-[alpha], IL-1 and IL-6) responses to endotoxemia in vivo (26). Moreover, thiopentone, etomidate and propofol increase IL-10 concentrations in LPS-induced cultured human whole blood (27).
Remifentanil is a recently introduced, esterase-metabolised synthetic opioid with an extremely short duration of action. Remifentanil provides intense analgesia, and has been shown to provide excellent intraoperative haemodynamic stability with rapid postoperative recovery. Remifentanil is a highly effective mu opioid agonist with predictable pharmacokinetics and a close concentration effect relationship (28). Remifentanil for fast-track cardiac anaesthesia provided more safe and stable operating conditions and facilitated earlier tracheal extubation than sufentani1 (29). The results of some workers support the hypothesis that opioid analgesics play an important role in the attenuation of the cytokine response. Crozier (30) et al found that IL-6 production was both suppressed and delayed in patients receiving TIVA with propofol and alfentanil after abdominal hysterectomy. The suppression mechanisms are probably related to an interaction with the opioid receptor. Cyclic-AMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate), as a second messenger, which could stimulate IL-6 secretion is reduced, leading to attenuation of IL-6 and TNF-[alpha] production (31). In this study, using propofol and remifentanil infusion, TNF-[alpha] and IL-6 concentrations were significantly lower in group R than in group F (P <0.05, Table 2).
This study investigated the cytokine levels in patients after open cholecystectomy in order to assess whether there exists a difference in cytokine levels between two different anaesthetic techniques. Serum TNF-[alpha] and IL-6 in both groups had a significantly rapid rise and circulating IL-10 concentrations also had an increase during and after surgery, which was significantly different between the two groups. Propofol and remifentanil seemed to have a significant effect on TNF-[alpha], IL-6 and IL-10 release. Our study certainly suggests that IL-10 concentrations in group R are higher than that in group F patients. Thus, with respect to limitation of surgery-associated stress, TIVA using propofol/remifentanil seems to have a favourable effect. Moreover, induction of the release of anti-inflammatory mediators under TIVA might contribute to the prevention of excessive post-operative inflammation, although this hypothesis would require further testing.
There are several limitations to this study. First, only a small number of patients were studied, limiting its statistical power. Also, we measured only three of several hundred known cytokines. Future studies would benefit from assessments of more cytokines and the effect of other anaesthetic techniques (e.g. regional vs. general). More importantly, we measured cytokine levels but not outcomes. Therefore further clinical studies would be required to ascertain whether the differences in cytokine levels affect any clinical outcome measures.
In summary, our data suggest that anaesthetic technique may have an influence on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels. TIVA using propofol/remifentanil has a better profile in relation to cytokine levels than a balanced inhalational technique with isoflurane. While the clinical implications of these findings are not known, it is possible that TIVA with propofol and remifentail may offer advantages in terms of inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects compared to an inhalational technique with isoflurane.
We thank Yichang Renfu Corporation (Yichang, China) for their excellent assistance in fund support.
Accepted for publication on September 25, 2007.
(1.) Blackburn S. Surgical stress. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs 2007; 21:9-10.
(2.) Desborough JP. The stress response to trauma and surgery. Br J Anaesth 2000; 85:109-117.
(3.) Ni Choileain N, Redmond HP Cell response to surgery. Arch Surg 2006;141:1132-1140.
(4.) Dimopoulou I, Armaganidis A, Douka E, Mavrou I, Augustatou C, Kopterides P et al. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukin-10 are crucial mediators in post-operative systemic inflammatory response and determine the occurrence of complications after major abdominal surgery. Cytokine 2007; 37:55-61.
(5.) Jawa RS, Kulaylat MN, Baumann H, Dayton MT. What is new in cytokine research related to trauma/critical care. J Intensive Care Med 2006; 21:63-85.
(6.) Schneemilch CE, Schilling T, Bank U. Effects of general anaesthesia on inflammation. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol2004; 18:493-507.
(7.) Kelbel I, Weiss M. Anaesthetics and immune function. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol2001; 14:685-691.
(8.) Homburger JA, Meiler SE. Anesthesia drugs, immunity, and long-term outcome. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol2006; 19:423-428.
(9.) Bellomo R. The cytokine network in the critically ill. Anaesth Intensive Care 1992; 20:288-302.
(10.) Cutler A, Brombacher E Cytokine therapy. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005; 1056:16-29.
(11.) Norman JG, Fink GW The effects of epidural anesthesia on the neuroendocrine response to major surgical stress: a randomized prospective trial. Am Surg 1997; 63:75-80.
(12.) Hildebrand F, Pape HC, Hoevel P, Krettek C, van Griensven M. The importance of systemic cytokines in the pathogenesis of polymicrobial sepsis and dehydroepiandrosterone treatment in a rodent model. Shock 2003; 20:338-346.
(13.) Cavaillon JM, Annane D. Compartmentalization of the inflammatory response in sepsis and SIRS. J Endotoxin Res 2006; 12:151-170.
(14.) Moller B, Villiger PM. Inhibition of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-[alpha]lpha in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Springer Semin Immunopathol2006; 27:391-408.
(15.) Zanotti S, Kumar A, Kumar A. Cytokine modulation in sepsis and septic shock. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2002; 11:10611075.
(16.) Naka T, Nishimoto N, Kishimoto T The paradigm of IL-6: from basic science to medicine. Arthritis Res 2002; 4:233-242.
(17.) Nishimoto N, Kishimoto T Inhibition of IL-6 for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2004; 4:386391.
(18.) Kamimura D, Ishihara K, Hirano T IL-6 signal transduction and its physiological roles: the signal orchestration model. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol2003; 149:1-38.
(19.) Ishihara K, Hirano T IL-6 in autoimmune disease and chronic inflammatory proliferative disease. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2002; 13:357-368.
(20.) Hogevold HE, Lyberg T, Kahler H, Haug E, Reikeras O. Changes in plasma IL-lbeta, TNF-[alpha]lpha and IL-6 after total hip replacement surgery in general or regional anaesthesia. Cytokine 2000; 12:1156-1159.
(21.) Wittke F, Hoffmann R, Buer J, Dallmann I, Oevermann K, Sel S et al. Interleukin 10 (IL-10): an immunosuppressive factor and independent predictor in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 1999; 79:1182-1184.
(22.) Conti P, Kempuraj D, Kandere K, Di Gioacchino M, Barbacane RC, Castellani ML et al. IL-10, an inflammatory/inhibitory cytokine, but not always. Immunol Lett 2003; 86:123-129.
(23.) Lang R, Patel D, Morris JJ, Rutschman RL, Murray PJ. Shaping gene expression in activated and resting primary macrophages by IL-10. J Immunol2002; 169:2253-2263.
(24.) Lin E, Calvano SE, Lowry SF. Inflammatory cytokines and cell response in surgery. Surgery 2000; 127:117-126.
(25.) Hildebrand F, Pape HC, Krettek C. The importance of cytokines in the posttraumatic inflammatory reaction. Unfallchirurg 2005;108:793-794,796-803.
(26.) Chang Y, Chen TL, Sheu JR, Chen RM. Suppressive effects of ketamine on macrophage functions. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2005;204:27-35.
(27.) Larsen B, Hoff G, Wilhelm W, Buchinger H, Wanner GA, Bauer M. Effect of intravenous anesthetics on spontaneous and endotoxin-stimulated cytokine response in cultured human whole blood. Anesthesiology 1998; 89:1218-1227.
(28.) Cohen J, Royston D. Remifentanil. Curr Opin Crit Care 2001; 7:227-231.
(29.) Lison S, Schill M, Conzen P Fast-track cardiac anesthesia: efficacy and safety of remifentanil versus sufentanil. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2007; 21:35-40.
(30.) Crozier TA, Muller JE, Quittkat D, Sydow M, Wuttke W, Kettler D. Effect of anaesthesia on the cytokine responses to abdominal surgery. Br J Anaesth 1994; 72:280-285.
(31.) van den Bergh P, Dobber R, Ramlal S, Rozing J, Nagelkerken L. Role of opioid peptides in the regulation of cytokine production by murine CD4+ T cells. Cell Immunol 1994; 154:109122.
J.J. KE *, J. ZHAN *, X.B. FENG *, Y. WU *, Y. RAO *, Y.L. WANG [dagger]
Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Peoples Republic of China
* M.D., Anaesthetist. [dagger] M.D., Professor.
Address for reprints: Professor Yan-Lin Wang, Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, East-lake Road 169, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430071, PR China. firstname.lastname@example.com
TABLE 1 Characteristics of the two groups (mean [+ or -] SD, n=20) Characteristics Group R Group F Age (y) 48.0 [+ or -] 12.1 47.6 [+ or -] 13.2 Weight (kg) 52.0 [+ or -] 10.6 52.9 [+ or -] 9.7 Gender (% male) 46 44 Duration (h) 1.8 [+ or -] 0.3 1.9 [+ or -] 0.3 IV fluid (ml) 1308 [+ or -] 210 1446 [+ or -] 315 TABLE 2 TNF-, IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations in both groups before and after surgery (mean [+ or -] SD, n=20) Cytokines Groups [T.sub.1] [P.sub.1] * TNF-[alpha] (pg/ml) R 4.2 [+ or -] 0.5 0.1271 F 4.5 [+ or -] 0.7 IL-6 (pg/ml) R 3.4 [+ or -] 0.8 0.1877 F 3.1 [+ or -] 0.6 IL-10 (pg/ml) R 2.7 [+ or -] 0.2 0.1177 F 2.5 [+ or -] 0.3 Cytokines Groups [T.sub.2] [P.sub.2] * TNF-[alpha] (pg/ml) R 101 [+ or -] 20 * ** <0.001 F 164 [+ or -] 23 ** IL-6 (pg/ml) R 13.5 [+ or -] 3.4 * ** 0.0019 F 18.7 [+ or -] 6.1 ** IL-10 (pg/ml) R 76.2 [+ or -] 15.5 * ** <0.001 F 43.2 [+ or -] 11.5 ** Cytokines Groups [P.sub.2] ** [T.sub.3] TNF-[alpha] (pg/ml) R <0.001 98 [+ or -] 17 ** F <0.001 132 [+ or -] 19 ** IL-6 (pg/ml) R <0.001 13.7 [+ or -] 4.5 ** F <0.001 15.5 [+ or -] 5.2 ** IL-10 (pg/ml) R <0.001 63.9 [+ or -] 14.1 * ** F <0.001 38.3 [+ or -] 9.2 ** Cytokines Groups [P.sub.3] * [P.sub.3] ** TNF-[alpha] (pg/ml) R 0.0607 <0.001 F <0.001 IL-6 (pg/ml) R 0.2491 <0.001 F <0.001 IL-10 (pg/ml) R <0.001 <0.001 F <0.001 P * represents group R compared with group F; P ** represents comparison with the same group at [T.sub.1].
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The Pune Municipal Corporation is going to start registration of traders and shop owners for collection of local body tax (LBT) from Thursday. Announcing this at a press conference, municipal commissioner Mahesh Pathak ensured that though collection of LBT will start from April 1, prices of essential goods as well as semi-luxury goods will remain the same.
"The LBT rate applicable to goods will not be above the rate of value added tax. The commodities which are not attracted by octroi will be exempted from the LBT," said Pathak.
Pathak added that in order to implement the LBT collection, the registration will begin of traders, companies and shop owners whose annual turnover is more than Rs1 lakh and import goods in Pune is not less than Rs5,000.
The PMC has made the facility of registration available at its 14 ward offices and citizen facilitation centres across the city. So far, the civic body has collected data of around 3.75 lakh proposed LBT payers from the VAT and shop act network. It has also conducted awareness campaign for traders about LBT.


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As obesity threatens to become the nation's No. 1 root cause of preventable death, and diet crazes have Americans counting calories off of labels, are some food manufacturers misleading consumers in ways that may cause them to pack on extra pounds?
Even as U.S. health officials are asking restaurants and packagers to voluntarily clarify their food's fat, calorie and portion-size labels, they are accusing other companies of breaking existing rules.
For example, as officials laid out their new policy recently, a doughnut entrepreneur sat in jail over dubious "low-fat" labels. And in a case that reminded some of a plot from the sitcom Seinfeld, a New York frozen dessert chain was being accused of false claims about fat and calories.
"Whenever I pick up things that I'm not familiar with, or if I have questions about them, I look at the label," says Stuart Fullerton, a Chicago-based federal prosecutor who helped put the doughnut fraudster in jail. "That's why we have the label. It is near and dear to everyone's heart. We all do it, and we all rely on the truthfulness of what is on those labels."
Though critics say food labels and printed claims generally are truthful, the doughnut and frozen dessert accusations are among the latest in a long line of cases where certain food producers — including some of America's biggest food companies — have been accused of violating federal rules that define label or advertising claims such as "low calorie," "reduced fat," and "lean."
In the past decade, the Federal Trade Commission publicly challenged such familiar brands as Pizzeria Uno restaurants, Promise margarine, Mrs. Fields cookies, Eskimo Pie ice cream, and the advertising agencies for Dannon yogurt and Häagen Dazs frozen yogurt, for allegedly false claims on fat, calories, sugar or cholesterol in advertisements. The companies generally did not admit liability but agreed to change their ads.
Federal agencies aren't the only forum for complaints. Recently, a snack food company faced customer lawsuits after a published analysis claimed it misstated fat and calorie content.
In an ongoing case, the New York City Department of Consumer Affairs is negotiating with the owners of eight CremaLita frozen dessert stores after alleging "deceptive and misleading trade practices."
Despite CremaLita's advertising claims, the city said in December that federal Food and Drug Administration lab tests showed the desserts are not really ice cream, "not 'low calorie' or 'fat free,' and certain flavors of its product are not 'cholesterol free' or 'low fat.'"
New York's media outlets have cited similarities to a Seinfeld episode, in which characters gain weight after eating "fat free" frozen yogurt that gets exposed in a city crackdown.
CremaLita says the original charges were overstated.
"There were serious errors in the FDA methodology leading to a substantial overstatement of CremaLita's calorie count, fat content and other nutritional information on which the New York City Department of Consumer Affairs based its original charges — a statement we believe they would agree with," CremaLita President Allison Britz said in an e-mailed statement.
The New York agency says it also is investigating a second frozen dessert chain, though it has not yet made any formal accusations.


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The 'vroom vroom' adventures of Goygoy
BACOLOD CITY—This new celebrity in Bacolod, the City of Smiles, has four legs.
Goygoy, a 2-year-old Shih Tzu, catches attention as he speeds down the city streets on board a motorcycle in a cool outfit—a yellow helmet with matching goggles to protect his eyes from the wind.
He also has a specially made seat to prevent him from falling off any of the motorcycles his "dad" owns.
Goygoy rides "in tandem" with his owner and constant companion, Joemarie Lotilla.
The two are inseparable. The only time Joemarie, 35, is away from Goygoy is when he goes to work at a call center company in the city.
Joemarie considers Goygoy his best friend, who sleeps with him, too.
Joemarie has always loved animals, spending his childhood in a home in Barangay Taculing that looked like a miniature zoo. His father Joelordio, mother Marietta, brother Karl and sister Kristine had dogs, cats, hamsters and chickens.
The family now has nine dogs—Goygoy and his sister Linling; Yan Hsie and Guanlong, both Chow Chows; Batista, a Mini Pinscher; 750, a mixed breed of Labrador and Doberman; Heinz Hummer, a Mini Schnauzer; Rucci, a female Rottweiler; and Poopie, a mixed breed of Shih Tzu and Jack Russel.
Goygoy's real name is Ting Tzih, which evolved to Ting, Tinggoy to Goygoy.
His sister's real name was Ling Tzih. Their mother, Kim Tzih, died in March 2011 when they were only 6 months old.
Joemarie said he and his family were devastated by the death of Kim Tzih. But they were more worried about how her two puppies would cope without her, "so we showered a lot of love on Goygoy and Lingling," he said.
One day, Goygoy needed to go to the veterinarian for a checkup. Joemarie put him in a bag he placed in front of him on his motorcycle. He noticed Goygoy kept popping his head up as if he was enjoying the ride.
After that, every time he would hear Joemarie revving up his bike, Goygoy would jump into the bag to let him know that he wanted to tag along.
"One time he even jumped out of a window to jump onto the motorcycle," Joemarie said. He gave Goygoy what he wanted, but instead of a bag, he provided him the special seat.
Goygoy has also learned how to climb on a stool to get to his seat.
What Goygoy loves aside from hanging out with his "dad" is the wind that blows his hair back as the motorcycle picks up speed. When Joemarie parks outside a store or an office, Goygoy patiently waits for him. Passersby can't help but throw admiring glances at him. Some even stop to have their pictures taken with him.
"If Goygoy does not get to go for a ride, he won't come bounding out to play with me. He can be like a sulking child. He knows how to show his disappointment," Joemarie said.
Joemarie also gets a lot of questions about him. So he has decided to put up a website for Goygoy, www.bikertzu.com, where he tells about their adventures together. Goygoy is also on YouTube.
Joemarie doesn't have to convince Goygoy to go with him. All he has to say is: "Goygoy, time to go vroom vroom," and the cute little Shih Tzu will come running.
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UK Man Arrested After Facebook Post Calling for Gays to be Slaughtered
For as much as the far right-wingers whine about the oppression of freedom of speech when a baker receives public backlash for their outspoken homophobia, the U.S. has extremely permissive freedoms in regards to speech when compared to places like the U.K. For the latest example of hate speech that would be allowed stateside but gets you canned across the pond, we turn to Paul Gair of Kilburn Green, Gateshead.
Gair does not like homosexuals. A lot. So when Chronicle Live posted about the Northern Pride festival in Newcastle on their Facebook page, Gair felt the compulsion to express his displeasure. Specifically, he called for the execution of gays:
If your parents were faggots, you horrible gay c***s wouldn't of been born! Should be lined up and machine gunned, vile disgusting c***s!
A later post called for gays to be "slaughtered." Fearing for the safety of festival-goers, organizers reported to the police and Gair was arrested. Laughably, Gair claimed during his arrest that he wasn't a homophobe. He was fined £280 plus a £28 victim surcharge and £85 costs by the magistrates, Chair of the bench Eileen Burt saying, "You have lost your good name forever."
Why hasn't Canada arrested Little Kiwi for hate speech? This is what he wrote to a female Towleroad commenter in June but it is just one of many examples:
"Sarah Jane Smith - go practice your oral sex skills on a shotgun.
I'm an openly gay man, and you can click my name to see who I am - and i have a great many transgender friends and allies whom i love and support, and who love and support me.
you have nothing but a fake screen name used to spew you usual lies. i'm dead serious: off yourself. you're a person of no worth.
Posted by: Derrick From Philly | Aug 12, 2014 1:27:53 PM
Everyone can rest easy though. Even though he claimed that all "faggots should be slaughtered" he is NOT a homophobe! We'll thank goodness for that. Gay people in his neighborhood can sleep worry free.
Posted by: TampaZeke | Aug 12, 2014 1:35:07 PM
Rick, what the fvck?
You're posting under my name again.
It was one of the funniest comments of the entire year.
I would just caution Miss Sarah Jane Smith to put a condom over the barrel of the shot gun before she fires--safe sex is always best. A Super Large Magnum condom, I guess.
LOL You are sick.
Posted by: Derrick from Philly | Aug 12, 2014 1:40:44 PM
I've read more than a few comments on Towleroad from readers who have posted suggestions not unlike Gair's, but directed toward straight people. It's disturbing when ANYONE, no matter who, mentions such things, even in jest.
I've always wondered why this site, one of my favorites, allows such commentary. It's one thing to respond to hate speech. It's something else entirely when anyone suggests murder or suicide. It's not in the least bit funny, nor is it acceptable.
Posted by: Bryan L | Aug 12, 2014 1:54:52 PM
Free speech, it's what America is about.
Posted by: Enchantra | Aug 12, 2014 1:54:58 PM
1st Amendment hasn't made the US noticeably freer than many other western democracies. In some regards less free.
Posted by: Paul Mc | Aug 12, 2014 3:01:54 PM
@Paul MC - i think the biggest issue is people saying "first amendment! freedom of speech!" with absolutely no idea what they're actually talking about.
remember the way the conservative Right pretty much crucified the Dixie Chicks for natalie maines' pointed comment on the eve of the iraq war? how those anti-Chicks folks have spent the last 6 years saying FAR WORSE things about President Obama?
Or the Chick-Fil-A nonsense - which the Right tried to turn into a "freedom of speech" issue, when it totally and utterly was NOT.
most folks who freak out about the first amendment often have no idea what that amendment actually says or means.
Posted by: Little Kiwi | Aug 12, 2014 3:06:53 PM
in fact allowing hate speech and lies to be spewed out 24/7 without consequences is actually bringing the US down.
Within a decade or so the dollar will no longer be used as the world's reserved currency. A basket of currencies and gold will replace it.
the world has decided it can no longer trust the world economy to a dysfunctional government that threatens to shut down the government and default on the debt for political points.
and it is the 24/7 flow of right-wing propaganda, lies and hate speech that is responsible for it.
it's ironic that an overly broad intepretation of the first amendment will lead to a diminished status for the us.
Posted by: ascanius | Aug 12, 2014 3:18:22 PM
death threats aren't protected speech, even in america - today, he'd probably be labeled a terrorist. glad he was shown his actions have consequences, and wish it happened more often.
Posted by: northalabama | Aug 12, 2014 3:42:05 PM
"You have lost your good name forever." I doubt he had a good name in the first place.
Posted by: Bollox | Aug 12, 2014 5:14:45 PM
Bryan, I've been reading this site for far too many years and I can't recall anyone calling for the wholesale slaughter of straight people (or christians or really, anyone). Can you provide a link?
Posted by: David | Aug 12, 2014 5:44:29 PM
Little Kiwi, did you seriously tell a woman to commit suicide by shooting herself with a shotgun? WTF is the matter with you? What makes you think you have the right to speak to anyone that way?
Posted by: James | Aug 12, 2014 7:38:23 PM
Sorry, freedom of speech does not include death threats; not even in the United States!
Posted by: Gay Guy | Aug 12, 2014 7:49:40 PM
David, as far as I know, there have been no comments posted on Towleroad advocating "wholesale slaughter of straight people" and I understand what you're saying and why. But there have been things like this, from an August 9, 2014, comment in reference to the Benham twins:
"Will SOMEBODY PLEASE rob, kill, and then destroy them! Put their mangled bodies in a large Baphomet Pentagram."
and then…
"Somebody needs to dispatch them before they start assembling their anti-gay Christian army."
And there's this comment from today, August 12, 2014, in reference to right-wing organizations pushing their anti-gay agenda into Latin America:
"Christianity is a social disease. Let's kill it, and quarantine the infected bigots."
These kinds of statements do absolutely nothing to help any of us. We don't need to descend to the level of inflammatory rhetoric that the radical right-wingers use. I think we're far better people and more intelligent than that, don't you?
Posted by: Bryan L | Aug 12, 2014 7:59:31 PM
It's ironic that in the US, out founding fathers made the assumption that given free speech rights, US Citizens would use that freedom responsibly and for the benefit of society. Wouldn't they be surprised what's been done with those rights in this country. For all it's problems, British society is more just that US society and this is an example. Hate speech in this country should be viewed in the same way that yelling fire in a crowded theater is...
Posted by: Robert M. | Aug 12, 2014 9:03:33 PM


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Scott Harvey (Return to Top)
Belladonna is an enigma. How someone so cute can be such a dirty, dirty girl defies explanation. For this release, Bella has gone out and found some friends who are just as dirty to make a whole new kind of lesbian video. Equal parts sexy and vicious combine in five hot all-girl, all-nasty scenes.... Read the Full Review!
Mars (Return to Top)
Oddly enough, the tamest scenes in Belladonna's Fucking Girls are the two with Belladonna in them. Perhaps it's the fact that she's pregnant during the filming (in one scene it's not visible, in the other it's a wonder she's not already in the stirrups). The segments are all girl and most of them have heavy dom/sub overtones. Verbal abuse, bondage, gaping assholes, slaps, spitting…don't say you weren't warned. Belladonna is hardcore and the women she films are right there with her so the action is (usually) sincere, which makes it hot. Boundaries are pushed and asses are stretched. I myself found a couple things distasteful (santorum anyone?) but I also found a lot of it to be crazy sexy. Bella always puts on a good show.... Read the Full Review!