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I am very anemic. I do not tolerant vitamins very well. They make me super nauseous (even gummies). Do you know of a Iron supplement the is super easy on the stomach and doesn't constipate? I am adding iron through my diet but I need it really fast.
Anemia - iron supplement that doesn't hurt stomach
Comments (10)
I got a tip from the nurse at the hospital this weekend- take it with citrus. It helps your body process it. I have been, and it does help a lot. A few times, I didn't, and I could definitely tell.
I learned long ago, never to wrestle with a pig. You get dirty, and besides, the pig likes it.
George Bernard Shaw
I don't know of a supplement that's specifically easier on the tummy...they all contain a high amount of iron and that alone can be hard for the stomach.
But I do know you'll absorb more of the iron in your foods if you don't have any calcium at the same time...no cheese on a spinach salad, etc.
"Look at that...yesterday's lazy cures today's crazy."~Cam
I take a prenatal from costco that has extra iron. I take it with oj or an orange or grapefruit. I've never had any issue with it.
Wife to Tyson / Mom of 3 boys 2girly girls
Ever thought of getting an online personal trainer?
I was going to suggest taking it with citrus, too. I have yet to find a good iron supplement that doesn't make me feel nauseated, but I hope you're able to find one soon. My numbers are super low though, so they wanted me to take iron supplements several times a day or get iron via an IV. I opted for the IV.
You can also start cooking in a cast iron skillet.
This is what I take and I was anemic. I take it every day, never made me nauseous or constipated which is a big side effect of iron. I get mine at Whole Foods, but you can order online if you're not close to one. This product takes iron derived from foods so its very gentle and natural.
it's behind the pharmacy counter (at my pharmacy at least) and it's called ferrous fumerate, but it's iron that is easier on the stomach. My dr reccomended it and I've done fine on it for 2 yrs now! GL
Christie - mom to 4 great kids!
I was going to suggest Slow Fe but Wendy beat me to it. As the name suggests it is an extended release pill...


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In Depth with Francis Rose features daily interviews with top government executives and contractors. Listen live from 4 to 7 p.m. or download his archived interviews below.
In Depth Show Blog - September 2, 2013
Tuesday - 9/3/2013, 2:26pm EDT
This is the In Depth show blog. Here you can listen to our interviews, find more information about the guests on the show each day, as well as links to other stories and resources we discuss.
Today's guests:
Assistant Vice Chancellor-Human Resources
University of Wisconsin
Polls and surveys generally run business within the Beltway. But there may be a better way to gather that information, especially when it comes to your workforce. Bob Lavigna is Assistant Vice Chancellor-Human Resources for the University of Wisconsin and author of the new book "Engaging Government Employees: Motivate and Inspire Your People to Achieve Superior Performance." He explains to Francis Rose on "In Depth" that it all begins with getting a high response rate.

subset: commoncrawl


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Jodie Sangster talks about data driven marketing in Australia, USA, UK and India in conversation with Michael Leander
Jodie Sangster shares her views on data driven marketing and what the differences are between USA, A


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Suspended head constable of the Police Transport Organisation, Giri Prasad Sarma, who was let off the previous night after holding a Superintendent of Police hostage for four hours, was slapped with a criminal case on Thursday.
The Saifabad police invoked Sections 365 (kidnap), 189 (threatening to injure public servant) and 506 (criminal intimidation) of the IPC against Sarma.
The SP, Laxminarayana, was detained inside a mineral water shop run by Sarma at Adarshnagar on Wednesday night.
After four hours of high drama, Sarma released the SP following assurance of the DGP, V. Dinesh Reddy, to examine demands put forward by the suspended constable. The Saifabad police didn't register any case immediately and let him off soon after the SP was released.
On Thursday morning, Sarma met the DGP in the latter's office.
He, however, declined to divulge the details of his conversation with the DGP. By evening, the Saifabad police registered a criminal case following a written complaint sent by the SP.
Meanwhile, the DGP ordered an inquiry into the abduction of the SP by Sarma. The AIG (Administration) will inquire and submit a report to the DGP.
Keywords: suspended constable, abduction, corrupt officers, head constable


text:
Florida Senatorial Candidates Debate
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CR, pp. H19571-H10611. The House continued consideration of H.R. 3100, to authorize international security and development assistance programs and Peace Corps programs for fiscal years…96 views
CR, pp. H9873-H9992. The passed H.R. 435, to amend the Uniform Time Act of 1966, to establish a single poll closing time in the continental United States for presidential general…88 views
Representative Connie Mack of Florida (R) spoke to the U.S. Chamber of Commerce on the issue of taxes. Representative Mack argued that the market failures of the previous month were…35 views
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You can now invite anyone to meet at your favorite Starbucks.
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33 year old man | Los Angeles, CA, USA | Seeking women 22-34 within 50 miles of Beverly Hills, CA
Clever headline under development.......
I know I am not sounding original when I write this but I am somewhat new to this on-line dating. I am looking for someone who is honest and sincere and if you have some quirky qualities, I'm sure you won't mind mine, sometimes those are our best qualities. In the words of Salvador Dali and I quote, "Have no fear of perfection - you'll never reach it". I would like to say my best feature is saying what is on my mind. I enjoy good conversations. I am a very open minded person and enjoy good company with good people. And most of all I really love to laugh, sense of humor is very important to me. I like a girl who can who can enjoy herself. I really enjoy traveling. The farther it is from America, the more intriguing. I have traveled thru most of Europe(Spain, Italy, France,England, etc.), Israel, Mexico and South America. I also enjoy traveling to most major cities in the US as well. I am always ready and willing to take off. Spontaneous trips are the best! I own and operate a couple of companies, those being in the Mortgage and Debt Management industries. I have been blessed with my endeavors and am proud of my accomplishments. I love to learn and am constantly learning everyday. I am an absolute lover and supporter of the arts. This is a real passion of mine. I use to front and sing in a few alternative rock bands when I was younger. This led to writing songs which then led me to writing more for myself in forms of poetry and short stories, which I continue to do so almost daily. I also enjoy painting, this really relaxes me. Photography is another outlet for me, this one is just as rewarding and as those previously stated. So, don't be shy and if you have any questions, please ask.
Coffee and conversation , Business networking , Cooking , Dining out , Movies/Videos , Museums and art , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Nightclubs/Dancing , Performing arts , Playing sports , Political interests , Religion/Spiritual , Shopping/Antiques , Travel/Sightseeing , Wine tasting
Baseball, Billiards / Pool, Dancing, Golf, Swimming, Walking / Hiking
I exercise 1-2 times per week.
Some other viewpoint
I enjoy traveling. Favorites are Europe, especially Spain my motherland! Mexico is fun. Going to Moscow, Russia this Christmas vacation. Like traveling up the coast of California. South America is fun. The Far East is next on the agenda.
California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA
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I enjoy going to sports games, go Angels and Ducks! I also enjoy concerts, clubs, local bars and definitely enjoy good food, be it small restaurant, grilling at home with my BBQ o fine dinning, as long as it's good and no matter the cuisine.
"Remembrance of things past" by Marcel Proust.
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text:
Mooer Mod Factory
Mighty modulation midget
Space-saving mini pedals are a huge trend in stompboxes at the moment, and as far as we know the Mod Factory is the smallest pedal that will give you a range of different modulation effects.
"The Mod Factory is the smallest pedal that will give you a range of different modulation effects"
Three tiny knobs dial in the details: one offers depth and the other two, depending on the effect, control rate or sensitivity, level or tone.
There's some very usable stuff here - we particularly like the tremolo - making this pedal a really cost-effective way to add some effects versatility to your 'board.
If your budget is as tight as your pedalboard space, the Mod Factory may just be the perfect choice for you.
MusicRadar Rating
Mini modulator that won't break the bank.
Country of Origin
Chorus, flanger, phaser, envelope phaser, tremolo, stutter, vibrato, uni-vibe, auto-wah, touch wah, envelope ring; true-bypass


text:
This section contains 702 words
(approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page)
Hercules: the Legendary Journeys
Initially starting out in 1993 as a made-for-TV movie, Hercules: The Legendary Journeys became a syndicated television series in the 1995-96 television season. Starring Kevin Sorbo as the half-god Hercules, the series combined action, special effects, and camp to create one of the most popular syndicated shows of the 1990s, rivaling the Star Trek franchise and Baywatch for ratings. In fact, the show spawned a number of spin-offs and imitators.
The show's executive producers, Sam Raimi (the writer and director of cult favorite movie The Evil Dead) and Ron Tapert, combined unlikely elements to make the show a success. The show deviated from previous incarnations of the Greek hero played by such musclemen as Steve Reeves and Lou Ferrigno. Sorbo, while lean and muscular, was not just a muscle bound hero. Though he usually beat up villains and groups of bad guys in...
This section contains 702 words
(approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page)


text:
By Christian Viveros-Fauné
Bridget Everett Whacks Rock Bottom at Joe's Pub
By Miriam Felton-Dansky
The Valley of Astonishment Will Leave You...Astonished
By Tom Sellar
By Tom Sellar
By Jessica Dawson
In September, Site-Specific Theater Rules the Day
By Tom Sellar
How Chuck Jones Defined America Through Cartoons
By R. C. Baker
Between Riverside and Crazy Bares Its Wounds
By Tom Sellar
And just in time for Christmas comes a collected volume of Get Your War On (Soft Skull, 256 pp., $15.95), David Rees's potty-mouthed clip-art comic, which simultaneously nails the nation's anger at its nihilistic enemies and its frustration with incompetent leadership. A December 12, 2001, panel reads: "Will you fucking hurry up and kill Osama bin Laden for fuck's sake? Jesus Fucking Christ, how can I put this—YOU'VE BEEN BOMBING FOR TWO FUCKING MONTHS! WHAT THE FUCK SIZE BOMBS DO YOU NEED?"
Completely, perfectly blunt, indeed.
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text:
The foundation of India's success in the next Olympic cycle would be laid in the 56th National shooting championship which begins at the Dr. Karni Singh Range, Tughlakabad, on Thursday.
With a clear selection policy that will only look at consistency and current form, reputation or past success may not fetch a place in the national squad anymore. Thus, everyone from world and Olympic champion Abhinav Bindra, Athens silver medallist Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore, the recent Olympic medal winners in London, Vijay Kumar and Gagan Narang, apart from a few other established shooters like world champion Manavjit Singh Sandhu, Asian Games gold medallist Ronjan Sodhi and the women shooters, spearheaded by the evergreen Anjali Bhagwat, will all be on the starting blocks.
"For me, the game will begin next year with the new rules, as it changes shooting dramatically. I am just testing the new equipment and rifle at the Nationals," said Bindra on the eve of the championship, which will begin with men's air rifle and free pistol apart from the trap event for men and women.
Great opportunity
As usual, it will be a great opportunity for the youngsters and other potential champions to showcase the growing standard of the sport in the country by shooting better than the established stars.
It may be a bit demanding for someone like Manavjit, who recently wound up the international season by winning the gold in the Asian shotgun championship at Patiala, to prevail in a classy field.
But, the tough lad would be eager to get it right and eventually search for that elusive success in his fourth Olympics in Rio 2016.
Unlike rifle and pistol, which will have a fresh selection policy, shotgun will continue with its earlier format. Of course, it would be important for the likes of double trap marksman Ronjan Sodhi and woman trap shooter Shagun Chowdhary, who finished fourth in the last world championship, to have a good start so that they do not have to lose sleep about their inclusion in the ensuing World Cups. Already the standard has gone up in air rifle, and the competition is expected to be quite strong in the 50m free pistol as well. Both these events will be spread over three days owing to the high number of entries.
The administrator of the range, Manmeet Singh Goindi, said the range had 70 firing points in the 10-metre range, 60 in the 50-metre range and 40 in the 25-metre range.
"For shotgun, the request was for four ranges, but all six are functional," said Goindi.
Overall, it should be a festival of shooting over the next 11 days here.
Keywords: 56th National shooting championship, Ronjan Sodhi


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Irish opposition hits out over tax-free status of stallion fees.
THE thriving Irish bloodstock industry could face a massive setback after Taoiseach Bertie Ahern revealed the tax exemption enjoyed by stallion owners is to be reviewed.
And fears were immediately voiced of a mass exodus of top sires from Ireland - with serious emplyment consequences - if stallion fees were taxed.
The Irish government is to review the exemption as part of a number of tax changes being considered in the build-up to next month's budget.
The exemptions have played a major part in attracting the world's best bloodstock to Ireland, and have helped operations such as Coolmore rival the world's best.
Former Taoiseach Charles Haughey made income from stallions
exempt from tax in the late 1960s, when he was Minister for Finance, and the tax break has remained in place ever since.
However, it is being increasingly criticised by opposition politicians at a time when Ireland has gone from several years of substantial budget surplus to a huge deficit, with consequent government cutbacks and increased borrowing.
The new Labour leader Pat Rabbitte is the biggest critic of the scheme and he attacked it again in a Dail debate on Tuesday.
Rabbitte referred to the country's stallion owners as "the mega-rich" and asked: "Why should an incentive considered necessary for a fledgling industry back in the 1960s be continued when such huge profits are being made?
"I must put it to the Taoiseach that he doesn't know what tax savings are being made because he doesn't want to know.
"The facts of the matter are that the figure is hundreds of millions at a time when you are imposing charges for various services, when registration fees for students are
going up by 69 per cent and when meals-on-wheels can't be run."
Ahern revealed that the tax exemption is to be reviewed when replying to Rabbitte's arguments.
He said: "I genuinely don't know the amount of tax that is forgone but I do know this - that there is a review of all these shelters and tax allowances in the Department of Finance and in the order of things they will clearly look at this one."
Stallion owners and others in the Irish bloodstock industry believe that there would be a mass exodus of top sires if stallion fees were taxed, and that this would have a serious effect on employment.
Horse Racing Ireland chief executive Brian Kavanagh put the case for the industry in an interview on RTE radio yesterday.
He said: "I think everybody agrees that the tax exemption on stallion fees has been an outstanding success. Ireland is a world leader in racing and bloodstock and there are 25,000 people currently working in the industry.
"As a result of the exemption a large number of foreign investors have bought land in Ireland and based their bloodstock here. They then have access to the best stallions in the world and that gives rise to employment."
He was specifically quizzed about the tax-free income of Rock Of Gibraltar in his first season at Coolmore next year.
Kavanagh said: "There was a very clear decision to be made with Rock Of Gibraltar - would he stand in Ireland or in America? It was decided that he should stand in Ireland and that brings consequent benefits.
"If these horses stand outside Ireland, the mares move to that location and so do the stud farms."
Brian Kavanagh Current system creates jobs
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Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance, Ground Zeroes PS3 and more discounted to below $10
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Visit CGMagazine: The Culture of Games
Now - CGM is for the mature audience of comics and games that wants more out of their media than just a review score. | Promoted post
Analog - Titanfall
377d ago - Standby for Analog! Can't get enough of mechs, parkour, and assorted Titanfall excellence? Lisa F... | Culture
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440d ago - Check out these great soundtracks! StarHawk, Heavy Rain, Awesomenauts, Katamari Damacy, Warsow,... | PS2
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452d ago - Jarrett from IP writes: "In two of the biggest years in gaming, not only can I count the number o... | Culture
New Amazon Deals Before Black Friday: Starhawk, Zone of the Enders HD, More
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821d ago - After posting a ton of information about the PlayStation 4 on Wednesday, doing 3 Ask PSLSes that... | PC
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text:
A question that often comes up is which endpoint security products are supported by UAG, as part of the endpoint detection mechanism. UAG comes with a pre-populated list, which is divided to three categories:
1) Anti Spyware
2) Antivirus
3) Personal Firewall
It is relatively easy to see the list by simply creating a new endpoint policy within the UAG policy editor. In the editor, one can easily see the list of products in each category:
Keep in mind, though, that UAG also supports WMI based detection via the Windows Security Center (a.k.a Action Center), which extends support to virtually any modern security product that has been designed to integrate with the Security/Action center mechanism. To make things easier, though, here's a full list of the products that the UAG detection script has explicit support for:
Anti Spyware:
Anti Virus:
Personal Firewalls:
Hi Ben,
This list is for pre-SP2, yes?


text:
Each node of a virtual network can store only a predetermined number of address links to other nodes. In response to receiving a link request between a first node and a second node, it is determined whether both the first and second nodes have less than the predetermined numbering their lists. If this condition is satisfied, the address of the first node is inserted into the second node's list and the address of the second node is inserted into the first node's list. If this condition is not satisfied, it is determined whether the first node list has at least two less than the predetermined number and, if so, then the link between the second and third nodes is broken and they are instead newly linked to the first node.
1. A method of operating a virtual network having a plurality of computer processor nodes linked to each other for electronic communication by a list of node addresses, in which each node has a memory storing a list for storing only up to a predetermined number of addresses of other such nodes, said method comprising:
(i) using a computer processor at a first said node of said network to receive an electronic message requesting a link between said first node and a second node of said network;
(ii) using at least one computer processor to determine whether both the first node and second node has, in each case, a number of addresses in its list which is less than the predetermined number;
(iii) in the event that this condition is satisfied, using at least one computer processor to insert the address of the first node into the list of the second node and the address of the second node into the list of the first node;
(iv) in the event that this condition is not satisfied, using at least one computer processor to determine whether the first node has a number of addresses in its list which is at least two less than the predetermined number, and if so
(a) to select from the list of the second node the address of a third node of said network;
(b) to remove the address of the third node from the list of the second node;
(c) to remove the address of the second node from the list of the third node;
(d) to insert the address of the second node into the list of the first node and inserting the address of the third node into the list of the first node; and
(e) to insert the address of the first node into the list of the second node and inserting the address of the first node into the list of the third node.
2. A method according to
the address of the second node is inserted into the list of the first node accompanied by a marker indicating that it is unconfirmed;
a message is sent from the first node to the second node requesting the second node to add the address of the first node to the links of the second node;
at the second node the address is so added and an message of confirmation is sent to the first node; and
at the first node upon receipt of the message of acknowledgement the "unconfirmed" marker is removed.
3. A method according to
4. A method according to
the first node sends to the second node a request for a copy of the list of the second node;
the second node sends the requested copy to the first node;
step (iv) (a) of selecting from the list the address of a third node is performed at the first node; and
steps (iv) (a) and (b) are performed in that:
the first node adds the address of the second node and the address of the third node to the list of the first node, in each case accompanied by a marker indicating that it is unconfirmed;
the first node sends to the second node a message requesting that it remove from its list the address of the third node and replace it with the address of the first node;
the first node sends to the third node a message requesting that it remove from its list the address of the second node and replace it with the address of the first node;
the second node upon receipt of such message removes from its list the address of the third node, replaces it with the address of the first node and sends a message of confirmation to the first node;
the third node upon receipt of such message removes from its list the address of the second node, replaces it with the address of the first node and sends a message of confirmation to the first node;
the first node upon receipt of the message of confirmation from the second or third node removes the respective "unconfirmed" marker from its list.
5. A method according to
6. A method according to
7. A method according to
in the event of receipt of a message requesting a link between a first node and a second node when the first node has a number of addresses in its list equal to the predetermined number, inserting the address of the second node into said spare link storage; and
upon receipt of a later message requesting a link between the first node and another node, forwarding that message to an address retrieved from the spare link storage means of the first node.
8. A virtual network having a plurality of nodes, each node having storage means containing a list for storing up to a predetermined number of addresses of other such nodes and processing means, said processing means being arranged, in operation to perform the method of
9. A first node of a virtual network, said first node comprising:
a memory configured to contain a list for storing only up to a predetermined number of addresses of other such nodes of said network; and
a programmed processor configured to perform the following operations:
receive messages;
respond to messages requesting information about the contents of the list;
comply with received requests to remove an address from the list;
comply with message requesting insertion of an address into the list; and
in response to receipt of a message requesting a link between the node and a second node:
(A) generate a message to the second node requesting information about the contents of its list;
(B) determine whether both the first node and second node has in each case a number of addresses in its list which is less than the predetermined number;
(C) in the event that this condition is satisfied, insert into its list the address of the second node and generate a message to the second node requesting the second node to add to its list the address of the first node;
(D) in the event that this condition is not satisfied, determine whether the first node has a number of addresses in its list which is at least two less than the predetermined number, and if so
(a) select from the list of the second node the address of a third node;
(b) insert the address of the second node into the list of the first node and insert the address of the third node into the list of the first node;
(c) generate a message to the second node requesting the removal of the address of the third node from the list of the second node and insertion of the address of the first node; and
(d) generate a message to the third node requesting the removal of the address of the second node from the list of the third node and insertion of the address of the first node.
This application is the US national phase of international application PCT/GB2004/004003 filed 17 Sep. 2004 which designated the U.S. and claims benefit of GB 0322491.2, dated 25 Sep. 2003, the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
The present invention relates to virtual networks, and particularly, though not exclusively in the context of distributed systems such as peer-to-peer systems, especially those with no centralised storage or control.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of operating a virtual network having a plurality of nodes, in which each node has a list for storing up to a predetermined number of addresses of other such nodes, comprising:
In another aspect, the invention provides a node of a virtual network, said node being defined by storage means containing a list for storing up to a predetermined number of addresses of other such nodes and processing means programmed to perform the following operations:
Other, preferred, aspects of the invention are defined in the claims.
Some embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
In this description reference will be made to computing nodes that have processing, storage and communication capabilities. A computing node can be a computer or other device, or—noting that a single computer may have a number of independent programs or processes running on it—may be a such a program or process. An item of stored data may also be regarded as a distinct node, even though a number of such items may be serviced by a single program or process.
This description assumes that each computing node is connected to some communication infrastructure which could for example be a telecommunications network such as an IP (internet protocol) network, so that messages can be sent to it. Thus, each computing node also constitutes a node within the communications infrastructure.
Reference will also be made to virtual nodes which belong to a virtual network. The distinction is important because a computing node is able to have two or more virtual nodes (possibly belonging to different virtual networks) associated with it. As its name implies, a virtual node does not exist in any physical sense: rather, as will become clear presently, its existence is established by stored data which define links between virtual nodes and, hence, also define the virtual network to which it belongs.
Necessarily a virtual node must be associated with a computing node, which provides it with processing, storage and communication capabilities: references to the sending, receiving and processing of messages by a virtual node refer to such sending receiving or processing by the computing node on behalf of the virtual node.
An example is shown in
The memory 2 contains operating system and other programs (not shown), and data files such as the text file 20 shown. It also has storage 21 containing a label 21 acorresponding to the text file 20 and its own address 21 b. In addition, it has an address list 22 and a supporting program 23 which together define the existence, on the computer, of a node of a virtual network. This node has an address 24. Also shown are an address list 25 and a supporting program 26 which together define the existence, on the computer, of a node of another virtual network. This node has an address 27. The addresses stored in the lists 22, 25 are the addresses of other nodes in the same virtual network.
Look-Up System
We will now describe a distributed look-up system, though this is only one possible example of an application for the invention. This system allows users to associate comments with a web page. Whenever a user visits this page, he has the opportunity also to view the comments that other users have made. The comment is stored on the computer of the user that contributed the comment (e.g. as a text file).
The user viewing the web page (or rather, his computer) has the universal resource locator (URL) of the web page, and what is required is a mechanism whereby he can retrieve the comments. In this example the mechanism is as follows:
The text file is stored on the computer of the user that contributed the comment and is associated with a node of a virtual network of the type described in our international patent application no. WO 03/034669 [Agent's ref. A30044], as too may be other text files containing comments about other web pages, and possibly other unrelated files too. This virtual network (referred to in the context of the present description as the primary virtual network, or simply the primary network) serves to allow one to send a message to a node without knowing its address provided one has a label which identifies it. Although that type of network can function with unique labels (one per node), in this example the labels are not unique: rather, all nodes associated with text files containing comments about a particular web page have the same label. This label is a hash function of the URL of the web page. This virtual network offers a retrieval mechanism which reaches only one node.
The text file is also associated with a node of a second virtual network. This (the secondary virtual network) contains only nodes associated with text files containing comments about the one particular web page.
Note however that whilst the use of a primary network in accordance with our aforementioned international patent application is preferred, it is not essential. Indeed, it is not essential to use a virtual network at all; another primary retrieval mechanism which receives a label and returns the address of one node corresponding to it could be used instead.
The computer posting a comment is as shown in
Initially the address lists 22, 25 are empty, except that the list 22 contains bootstrap links. The self-organisation of the networks to ensure that the list 22 contains the labels and addresses of some other nodes of the primary network and that the list 25 contains the addresses of some other nodes of the secondary network will be described later. For the time being, the system will be described on the assumption that these labels and addresses are present.
A few words about addresses are in order at this point. The node formed by the text file 20, the node of the primary virtual network and the node of the secondary virtual network, whilst conceptually having a single identity, have their own addresses. It would be possible to allocate to each node a distinct address within the communications network 10, although in practice this is not particularly convenient. In our preferred implementation each node has an address consisting of three parts:
It is possible that both nodes have the same network address, but not necessarily so. Not every node will have a port of its own (partly because the number of available ports is somewhat limited), but one may well have two ports (and thus two different network addresses): one for the primary network and one for the secondary network. Typically, there will be a number of secondary networks, which could all use the same port.
It should be stressed that, in the following, references to the address of a node refer to the complete address of that node.
A particularly attractive approach is to provide that a text file and the primary and secondary nodes all have the same node identifier (and IP address), only the port numbers being different. Such an addressing protocol may provide an opportunity for simplifying some of the processing in that, where one has the address of one node and requires the address of another node associated with it, the address of the latter node might be deduced from that of the former, rather than have to be looked up. In the following description, however, no such simplification has been made, so that these processes will work with any address protocol.
The computer viewing a web page retrieves the associated comments by
Note that the retrieving computer does not necessarily have to contain nodes of the virtual networks; it can be a conventional computer loaded with software for implementing the retrieval process, and with a communication interface so that it can communicate with the computers on which the nodes of the virtual networks reside. This process is shown in the flowchart of
The aim of this network is to self-organise a group of nodes into a single virtual network, which can subsequently be used to discover all nodes that are part of the group. The main requirement is that the resulting network contains all nodes. Another requirement is that the system load that is needed to create and maintain the network is spread equally across all nodes. Not only is this the most "fair", which is important when different users contribute their resources to a distributed application, it also helps to protect the system against overload.
The network, therefore, has the following properties:
Each node has the following data associated with it:
In order to self-organise into a network and to discover which nodes are part of a given network, nodes send messages to one another: The following types of messages are used by the secondary network:
The system lets a group nodes self-organise into a single, virtual network, so that if one has the address of one node one can find the addresses of others in the group. This section describes how new links are created when nodes that should belong to the same secondary network are discovered. Two parts can be distinguished here:
Discovery of pairs of nodes that should belong in the same secondary network. What the criterion is for grouping nodes into the same network is application specific. In the web page annotation example, all nodes that represent comments about the same URL should be grouped together in a secondary network. How nodes are discovered that should be grouped together is also application-specific. An example is given shortly.
Updating/extending the secondary network as a result of node discovery. When a pair of nodes is discovered that should belong to the same secondary network, the system may build one or more new links as a result. The new link is not necessarily between the pair of nodes, but may for instance be between nodes that these two nodes link to. How new links are created is described in detail later.
Initial Notify Message
The organisation of the secondary network presupposes the existence of incoming 'Notify' messages that may for example identify an existing and a new member of the group (although early on, it is possible that neither node is yet part of the group, whilst, later in the self-organisation process, both nodes might already be part of the group). It is up to another part of the system to notify the secondary network of nodes that should belong to it. There are different ways in which it can be done. Here we give an example of how this is done when the secondary network is used in combination with a primary network of the type described in our earlier international patent application. In the web page annotation example, each comment publishes itself as a node in the primary network under a label based on the URL of the corresponding web page. This way, the primary network can be used to look-up a comment for a given URL, if one exists. In order to show all comments for a given URL, each comment also has a node of the secondary network associated with it. Nodes that correspond to comments about the same URL self-organise into a secondary network specific to that URL. This way, once the primary network is used to find a single comment about a URL, the secondary network can be used to find other comments about the same URL.
So in this case, nodes of the secondary network that should be grouped together are each published under the same label in the primary network. A mechanism whereby in the primary network, nodes periodically execute a 'Push' update to build and maintain links will be described below, including a modification so that whenever a node becomes aware of another node published under the same label, the needed Notify message is generated.
Handling Notify Messages
When a node receives a Notify message about a node that it does not yet link to, one of the following will happen:
If the receiving node already has the maximum number of allowed links, it adds it as a spare instead (unless it already had it as a spare). If in doing so, the node would exceed its maximum number of spares, it removes one spare. It may then also forward the Notify message to the spare it removed. Whether or not it does so depends on the value of the notify level. The notify level is decreased each time to prevent messages from propagating endlessly.
Otherwise, if the subject node does not yet have the maximum number of links either, the receiving node attempts to create a mutual link between both nodes. This is illustrated in
Otherwise, when the subject node already has the maximum number of links, it is not possible to simply create a mutual link between both nodes. So what happens is that receiving node attempts to insert itself in an existing link. This is illustrated in
At Step 300, a Notify message is received, containing the address of the node that sent it (sender), the address of the subject node, and a propagation limit value, notifylevel. The receiving node firstly checks (301) whether it has space to set up a new link and if so, whether (302) it already has a link to the subject node. If not, it attempts to set up a link with subject.
In Step 303 it sends a LinksQuery message to the subject node, and at 304, awaits a reply. Once the reply—a Links message—is received, it again checks (305) whether it still has space to set up a new link (in case it has received and handled any other messages in the meantime and created links as a result). If so, it then (306) examines the received Links message to check whether the subject node has the space to set up a new link. If it has then at Step 307 and 308 the receiving node adds the address of the subject node to its list of links (but marked "unconfirmed") and sends an AddLink message to the subject node.
If however at Step 306 it is determined that the subject node cannot accept further links, the receiving node then attempts to insert itself into an existing link as mentioned earlier with reference to
Supposing however that at Step 301 it is determined that the receiving node has no space to add a link, or that at Step 302 it already has a link to the subject node, then the process examines whether the receiving node should add a link to its list of spare links. In Step 315 the process terminates if it is found that the subject node is already in the spares list. At 316 it is checked whether there is space to add a link to the spares list and if so this is duly added at 317. If not, then an existing one of the spare links is selected at random at 318, and removed at Step 319 so that it may be replaced by a link to subject at Step 317. Also, the variable notify level is decremented at 320 and if (Step 321) it remains nonzero the original Notify message—with this new value of notifylevel—is forwarded at Step 322 to the node (referenced as replace) pointed to by the randomly selected existing link.
The effect of this process is that when a node A that already has a full set of links receives a Notify message asking it to link to a subject node B, B's address is recorded as a spare link. This link remains dormant until A's list of spare links is full. Then, when A receives a later Notify message asking it to link to node C, and the spare link to node B is selected at Step 318, the new Notify message generated at Step 322 is in effect a request to node B to create a link from itself to node C.
A mechanism is also provided—but not shown on the flowchart—whereby when a link is unconfirmed and the receiving node does not receive confirmation (by way of a LinkAdded message as described below with reference to
In Steps 309 to 314, the node effectively breaks one of subject's links and inserts itself in between. Another possible option, not shown in the flowchart, would be for the node to break one of its own links (assuming of course that it already has at least one link) and insert subject in between. This option, if implemented, would be tried immediately after the 'no' exit from Step 301. Firstly the receiving node would need to check whether subject had fewer than L−1 links, select at random one of its own links (to a node other), replace this with an unconfirmed link to subject, and send an AddLink messages to subject. In order to establish a bidirectional link between subject and other it would then (a) send to subject a special AddLink message requiring subject to add, unconditionally, other as an unconfirmed link to its list of links and (b) send to other a special ChangeLink message with the receiving node as the old link to be removed and naming subject as the new link to be added. This option could be included as well as, or instead of, Steps 309 to 314.
Another option for the receiving node to break one of its own links would be for it (having firstly verified that subject had fewer than L−1links) to send to subject a Notify message naming itself as subject. This would have the same outcome but involve a slightly larger messaging overhead.
Assuming all is well, it sends (404) a LinksQuery message to the sender X and awaits (405) a Links message in reply from the sending node X to check that the latter has indeed created the two new links it should have created before changing the subject link. If these checks (406, 407) are successful, The receiving node removes its link to Z (408), adds X as a confirmed link (409) and returns a LinkAdded message to the sender X (410).
Following receipt of the message at 700 it is determined (701) whether the message is about a node to which the receiving node has an unconfirmed link. If so, and (702) it carries an error code indicating failure to created a requested link, then the link is removed at 703. If however the message is not about a node to which the receiving node has an unconfirmed link, the receiving node sends (704) a LinksQuery message to the subject, awaits (705) a Links message in reply, checks the reply at 706 to check whether the subject has a link to itself, and if not then in Step 703 removes its link to the subject node.
It may of course happen that no Links message is ever received in response to a LinksQuery, for instance because the receiving node has been shut down. Therefore, if after a given period no Links message has been received the corresponding message handler is removed. Although this has not been explicitly shown in any of the flow charts discussed here, it simply means that when a links query times out, no further action is taken and the entire flow chart is "done".
Retrieving Nodes
Given the address of a single node of the secondary network, it is possible to discover other, potentially all, nodes in the network. The way that this can be done is very simple. One sends to the known node a LinksQuery message to request all its links. The node replies with a Links message, containing the address of all the nodes it links to. One can then contact each of these nodes in turn, requesting their links and thus obtain the addresses of all their links. By continuing in this way, one traverses the network and gradually discovers all the nodes it contains.
It is not material where the retrieval process occurs: it may be at a node, or somewhere else. At Step 1000, a request to retrieve node addresses is received along with a start address, that is, the address of one node that had been determined to belong to the virtual network in question. In Step 1002, an address pointer, current, is initially set to this address whilst a second address pointer, source is initially null (1003).
At Steps 1004 and 1005 a LinksQuery message is sent to the address given by current, and a reply awaited. When a Links message is received, current is added to the confirmed list (Step 1006), with the comment address from the Links message alongside it
At step 1007, a sub-process is entered, which is performed for each of the addresses contained in the Links message. If (1008) the address is already in the known list, the process steps on to the next address. Otherwise the address is added to the known list and to the unconfirmed list (Steps 1009, 1010). Also (1011), the address in current is entered into the known list as being the source of the address added.
Once this sub-process is complete, then (unless the unconfirmed list is empty, in which case the process terminates at Step 1012) at Step 1013 an address is selected at random from the unconfirmed list. This address becomes the new current address, and is deleted from the unconfirmed list. The next step (1014) is to look up current in the known list to retrieve the source address associated with it, and enter this in the source pointer. The random selection is not mandatory. E.g. current could be chosen to be the "oldest" node in the unconfirmed list, or the list could be sorted by another criterion (e.g. node's addresses) and current could always be the "first" node in this list. However, random choice of current has its advantages. It spreads the load in the system (in particular if not all nodes are always retrieved), and also spreads the testing of the links of the network so that broken links are discovered more quickly.
The process then continues again from Step 1004 and iterates until the unconfirmed list is empty—i.e. no further new addresses can be found.
A side effect of the retrieval process is that it discovers broken links. For instance, it may happen that a node is not responding, or that a link is not mutual. The latter is the case when a node A links to node B, but node B does not have node A in its link table. When a broken link is discovered, the node that is the "source" of the link is notified by way of a LinkError message. As
Note that even though multiple confirmed nodes may link to a node that does not respond to a Links message, only the node that first contributed the link (the source node) is notified that there was "no reply". This is partly because it makes the flowchart easier to understand. However, it can be argued that there is another, practical benefit. It may be a case that a node does not reply (in time) because it is temporarily overloaded. In this case, one may not want multiple nodes to simultaneously sent it a LinksQuery message to test if there is an error (as in
The algorithm in
Successfulness of Self-Organisation
The aim of the secondary virtual network is to self-organise all nodes that should be grouped together into a single network, as opposed to several unconnected networks. Whether or not this is the case depends largely on how the initial Notify message is generated. For instance, if there is a group of twelve nodes that should all be grouped together, but of this group five nodes only receive notifications about other nodes in this group of five, and none of the other seven nodes are notified about any of these five nodes, it is impossible for the nodes to self-organise into a single network. Instead, they arrange into two separate networks, one of five nodes, and one of seven nodes. However, as long as the initial notifications are not such that it is impossible for nodes to self-organise into a single network, the self-organisation process is such that it is very unlikely that nodes do not self-organise into a single network. Calculation of the probability that the self-organisation results in a single network is complicated and depends on the mechanism by which the initial notifications are generated. However, in simulations we have experimented with several different initial notification mechanisms, and so far nodes never failed to self-organise into a single network.
Robustness to Malicious Nodes
So far it has been assumed that all nodes obey the protocol. However, it is possible that there are malicious nodes that do not play by the rules. They may try to break links maintained by other nodes and/or try to obtain too many links to themselves. It is desirable that the overall system is as robust as possible to such abuse.
The system described so far is already fairly robust to malicious nodes. That is because each node always check with a LinksQuery-Links message exchange the links maintained by the other relevant node before changing its own links. For instance, when a node receives an AddLink message (see
However, the system still has a relative weakness. As it stands, nodes can easily "lie" when they respond with a Links message. Often a node sends a LinksQuery message to check that the receiving node links to it. Knowing this, the receiving node can reply with a faked Links message modified such that it always contains the sender of the Links message as a link. This enables a node to have much more than the allowed number of L nodes linking to it. This would, consequently, reduce the overall number of "good" links in the system.
Fortunately, there is a way to address this weakness. This can be done if nodes sent their LinksQuery through a proxy node. These proxies are randomly chosen each time a node want to send a query. Each node can for instance use the nodes it currently links to as proxies. This way, the node (A) that wants to know the links of another node (B) is unknown to Node B, because the LinksQuery messages it receives is from a proxy node (C), and the message that Node B receives from Node C does not refer to Node A at all. Therefore there is no good way for Node B to send fake messages that have a significant effect on the overall system.
Of course, there's the question of what the effect is of malicious proxies. Although obviously malicious proxies have a detrimental effect (it is inevitable that nodes that do not obey the protocol affect the performance to some extend), this effect is limited. The reason is that they can only maliciously handle the LinksQuery that they are asked to forward, and these requests are spread roughly equally across all nodes. On the other hand, when proxies are not used, malicious nodes can cause havoc by being very active. If these nodes send many spurious AddLink messages, and fake the many Links message they subsequently send, the effect on the overall system is much larger.
Primary Virtual Network
The primary network is described in detail in our aforementioned international patent application. Here, the basic retrieval and self-organisation mechanisms will be described, along with a modification that enables the generation of Notify messages for driving the self-organisation of the secondary network.
Firstly it is necessary to explain the concept of virtual coordinate space used by this mechanism. It has already been mentioned that each node has a label. The label is translated into coordinates in a virtual space. The space can be one, two, or higher dimensional. The precise translation mechanism is not very critical: for a one-dimensional space the label, considered as a binary number, can be used directly as the coordinate. For two or more dimensions the preferred method is that the label, considered as a string of bits, is partitioned into two or more equal groups, each group, considered as a binary number, forming one of the coordinates. Each coordinate (or the coordinate, in a one-dimensional space) is scaled to lie in the range.
The distance between two labels in this virtual space is the Euclidean distance between the two coordinate sets (though other distances such as the city block distance (often called the Manhattan distance) could be used if desired. The coordinate space wraps, so that the distance in the x-direction between x1 and x2 is
We also recall at this point that each node has a list 22 (
Firstly, the following messages are used (note that the messages used in the primary virtual network are different from, and completely independent of, the messages used in the secondary virtual network):
The address of the node returned in Step 1115 is either that of one with the target label, or one close to it in label space. When the returned label does not match the target label, it may mean either that the target node does not exist or that the virtual network is not sufficiently self-organised
Each node spontaneously initiates Push updates. For instance, each node might start a Push update process periodically. In a Push update, a node sends out a Push message with its own label and address through a random series of nodes, setting a limit on the length of the series. The last node in the series sends a Notify message back towards the initiating node.
Referring to
Step 1300: a node receives a Push message. The Push message will contain the label and address of an initiating node as the subject node and will have a value in the field hops to go;
Referring to
If however the subject of the Notify message is a node with the same label as, but an address different from, the receiving node, then two events occur. Firstly (Step 1403) the receiving node sends to the subject node of the incoming Notify message a Notify message naming as subject a randomly-chosen node from the receiving node's own list of short-range links. Secondly, Step 1404 causes the generation of a Notify message for action by the secondary network. However, the receiving node cannot generate such a message directly. In general we prefer to avoid sending, over the communication network, messages between different virtual networks, but the main problem is that the receiving node would need not only the address of its own node of the secondary network, but also the address of the node of the secondary node that is associated with the subject node. The receiving node does not have this address. Therefore, a two-stage process is used.
First, the receiving node sends a special CrossNotify message to the node of the primary network specified as the subject in the incoming Notify message. This message contains:
Note that the first two addresses are the addresses of nodes on the primary network and the third address is the address of a node on the secondary network.
Secondly, the node of the primary network that receives the CrossNotify message, in effect, forwards it to the associated node of the secondary network. If necessary, the forwarding node could reformat the message into the format in use on the secondary network and replace the (primary network) receiver address with the address of the associated node of the secondary network. The message would then be handled just as shown in
This process will be illustrated by means of an example, with reference to
Returning now to
If, at Step 1415, the distance between the receiving node and the subject node is found to be the same or less, the receiving node adds the label and address of the subject node as a link in its own short range link set ((step 1420): this process is further discussed below with reference to
If, at Step 1415, the distance between the nearest node and the subject node is found to be greater, the receiving node reverts to Step 1435 in that it sends to the nearest node a Notify message which contains the label and address of the subject node.
Referring to
Patent Citations
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Issue: Several readers have written to me because they are curious to know whether the Trader Joe's on Bluemound Road will still open for business as planned. According to the readers, there have been rumors that the store is no longer coming to Brookfield.
Status: Dan Ertl, director of community development, said the city has every reason to believe the store will open on schedule.
Ryan Marks, managing director of Ryan Companies, which is handling this development project, said things are going well and the store should open the first week of November. He added that the exterior is completed, and now the company is focusing on finishing the interior.
"Any suggestion that Trader Joe's will not be opening is misplaced," Ertl said. "We've heard this rumor at least 10 times now, but it is unsubstantiated.
"We're looking forward to having Trader Joe's join Brookfield's collection of fine stores."
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- Ask Now: What are Brookfield's policies for abandoned houses?
- Ask Now: Is Brookfield's population really that old?
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- Ask Now: Is there wifi at Brookfield city hall?
- Ask Now: Will Anthem College in Brookfield be replaced?
- Brookfield and Elm Grove Ask Now: When does Brookfield send the plows out?
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- Ask Now: Wireless dead zones, what is to be done?
- Ask Now: Are there any plans for the Old Toll Road Village site in Brookfield?
- Ask Now: What's happening in Brookfield at I-94 and Moorland?
- Brookfield and Elm Grove Ask Now: When will the Watertown Plank railroad crossing be smoother?
- Ask Now: Path sharing problems in Brookfield?
- Ask Now: Is Mitchell Park getting winter recreational trials?
- Ask Now: Is the roundabout at Brookfield Road and North Avenue working as it should?


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I was looking over the new skills today and I have to say some seem pretty pathetic.
Conflagration comes to mind all it does is turn arrows to fire I assume there is some trick im not seeing but at first glance it seems pathetic.
Also I was wondering if anyone was planning on ever using focused shot since it is just powershot that disables your skills.
Finally, I do not see the point of giving us a second tiger fury. It lasts long enough that you can keep it up constantly without a 2nd one. If its because they made tigers fury a prophesies (spelling?) only skill it seems like a massive cop out on ANETs part. However, I heard that these duplicate skills were spot fillers and were gonna be changed before release. Anyone know?


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Kai wants to be Fucked!!!
It's been a little while since Leighton's solo film went live so I thought it was about time we got his beautiful body back on screen! To help initiate him in to his first ever duo I decided he needed someone with plenty of experience and as luck would have it, he really liked Kai. The guys spent the evening together before the day of the shoot and they hit it off fantastically… and needless to say Leighton's nerves were quickly put aside ;-)Both guys couldn't wait to finally get their hands on each other. Gentle kissing and touching leads to some fairly hefty foreplay where both Leighton and Kai certainly prove their deep-throating abilities! Turning his attention to Kai's ass, Leighton gives him a thorough rimming, preparing that hole for things to come! Eventually Kai tells Leighton that he wants to be fucked, and Leighton's sweet smile is the only answer he needs...With one deep slow thrust Leighton enters Kai. The thrusts didn't stay slow for long as Leighton quickly picke
Website: CLICK HERE
Added: 18 Aug 11
Tags: rimming, deepthroat, facial, fucking, feet, bj, 69, blow, job, ***gy, blakemason, talk, dirty, passionate, underware, spoons, missionart.
Views: 31805


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A look at a company that changed the world
The grandma check is a cherished tradition
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El Jalapenos serves authentic Mexican food and is known for its fresh ingredients, large portions, and fast service.
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El Jalapenos serves authentic Mexican food and is known for its fresh ingredients, large portions, and fast service.
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VANCOUVER -- UPDATE: Missing girl found safe Thursday morning in Vancouver.
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Police were searching West Vancouver for her, said spokeswoman Kim Kapp.
Read or Share this story: http://www.nwcn.com/story/news/2014/07/31/12961476/


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Brooklyn, NY – October 22, 2011 – Declared the "the coolest city on the planet" by GQ Magazine, the inaugural Rock 'n' Roll
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Adiponectin Gene Therapy May Help Fight Obesity
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Religious-style choral piece with organ and church choir. Very soft, angelic atmosphere.
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Isn't this that guy?
Joined: Nov 2009
Location: "America's Finest City" ...wait, what?
Oddometer: 842
Haha this is probably the most riveting ride report I've read in a while! I'm on the edge of my seat!
I'm feeling your pain on the anti-malarials. I'm on Doxycycline right now and every couple days I wake up ready to kill everything and everyone around me, although I would certainly say your problems are a little more serious than mine haha.
990 in the Desert
Dual Sport: Not Convinced? Here's why you should be
Old Motorcyclist
Joined: Mar 2003
Location: Jennings, Louisiana
Oddometer: 3,469
Amazing!!!!!!!!!! Hope your luck changes for the better. I would of probably junked the bike already. LOL.
A '00 KLR 650 40,000 miles, A '07 1250S 74,000 , A '03 5.3L Chevy Truck 78,000 + '43 style dude , Simper Fi ;-)
Utard Wankster
Joined: May 2009
Location: Transient
Oddometer: 2,754
Great report guys. You are becoming very resourceful, not that you had far to go.
Utah Moto Ride Reports
Gnarly Adventurer
Joined: Aug 2009
Location: New York, NY
Oddometer: 147
looking good! Luke, how is the wind resistance with the RR fairing? big improvement over stock? feel like a 990?
2011 KTM 690 Enduro R
2006 KTM 640 Adventure - Stolen :(
Joined: Apr 2009
Location: Buenos Aires, Argentina
Oddometer: 19
Luke. If you need I can send you the KTM 690 spare parts manual with all the parts numbers in exploded view.
I find also the KTM 690 Owners Manual with the FI error codes explained (page 151). The bad part is that it´s in spanish. If you don´t understand spanish y can translate it for you (it´s gonna take a couple of days).
Gnarly Adventurer
Joined: Jul 2008
Location: North Pacific Paradise.
Oddometer: 309
Awesome, pure 100% Adventure, not from concentrate
"Quote" The advantage of the rain is that, if you have a quick bike, there's no advantage.
(Barry Sheene) .
Studly Adventurer
Joined: Jan 2011
Location: PNW
Oddometer: 532
Luke, im actually starting to wonder if you regret selling the Husky before this trip? Seems like it gave you less issues.
Gotta be honest here, your last adventure has me pushing for getting out on my 4 weeks off and go explore the world when I can. Definitely like this one as well.
Cheers to you mate! Have a blast =)
Studly Adventurer
Joined: Dec 2007
Location: Lansing, MI
Oddometer: 564
RR: 3 months on a husky te610
RR: 25,000 miles with Luke and Nick
Studly Adventurer
Joined: Dec 2007
Location: Lansing, MI
Oddometer: 564
I've never driven a 990 so I don't know how to compare to that, I do know that this and my Renazco seat make the bike 10x more comfortable at high speeds than my old TE 610.
RR: 3 months on a husky te610
RR: 25,000 miles with Luke and Nick
Studly Adventurer
Joined: Dec 2007
Location: Lansing, MI
Oddometer: 564
I'm going to PM you for details.
Can you email me the pdf file?
RR: 3 months on a husky te610
RR: 25,000 miles with Luke and Nick
Studly Adventurer
Joined: Dec 2007
Location: Lansing, MI
Oddometer: 564
It's a really fun bike when it runs and is not at the gas station.
So light, nimble and powerful.
RR: 3 months on a husky te610
RR: 25,000 miles with Luke and Nick
Fishfund screwed with this post 03-01-2011 at 03:25 AM
Studly Adventurer
Joined: Dec 2007
Location: Lansing, MI
Oddometer: 564
Entry 23
We wake up early and pack up camp. While I take photos of the grounds, Nick finds out that the tree he leaned his bike against for the night took a toll on his gas can.
They had a nice out house to use, and we bailed out of there before people started waking up and distracting us from our long day ahead of driving.
We only have about 300 K until the boarder. Should only take 2 hours to get there. According to the GPS, there is fuel in a town about half way there. This is a mandatory stop, so we make it to the town and search for the gas station. The town is off the main road about 3 K and the road through town is hard packed clay with bumps and dips everywhere. The gas station is open, but they pumps are not turned on. Apparently they don't have enough gasoline to justify putting it in the inground tank. They just sell it by the liter out of 10 liter jugs. I am a bit skeptical, but it's our only option. They have a dirty screen in the funnel to filter anything out. They cleaned it up for us, and I checked for water in the jugs. Everything looked fine so we went for it.
Nick goes first.
They cleaned up the screen before they fueled my bike.
I must be getting over paranoid, because this gas was fine, everything is working great. I need to relax and just go with the program like I usually do. This bad fuel pump and all the problems from the day before are unfortunatly changing my personality for the worse. Ok, no more worrying allowed.
Back on the road and we get to the boarder before noon. Everything is on schedule today. We are doing great.
We come across a police road block. There are many of them here. This is very normal. Usually we shut off the engines and have a friendly chat for a second before they let us through. They never ask to see documents, but they always ask how fast the bikes go. This time the gaurd asked for a pen. I pulled one out. He wrote on his arm with it to see if it worked and put it in his pocket. At this point I notice he already has a pen in his shirt pocket. Then he asks Nick if he has a pen. Nick says no. The guard raises the gate and waves us by. We have the intercoms turned on and we start laughing as soon as we are past. I've never had that happen to me before. It turns out the joke was on me, as I will find out having a pen is very handy at the border.
We see this on the way to the border. How does this stuff happen?
I can't tell you how many broken down semi tucks we saw on the side of the road in Zambia. They do complete repairs right on the road. This one looks like a differiental or gear box swap.
We also see lots of accidents. There were two crashed cars, and people were rushing to put a guy inside this truck to haul him away.
This border is a nightmare. As see as we are within 100 meters of the border people start running next to us shouting gibberish. We just keep riding through the crowd not stopping until the gaurds at the fence for the border. They tell us we need to go back into the crowd and do the customs and imigrating thing. I stay by the bikes outside of the building and deal with the people trying to tell us what we need to do, while Nick is inside getting his passport stamped and figuring out what to do by the legit government employees. Nick comes out and I take my turn inside. Exiting is very easy. They stamp our passport, then you get a paper for your bike, take it to the gaurds, he signs it, then you take it back to the office, they sign it, then you take it back to the gaurd, he keeps it and you are out of the country.
Step 1 done is done.
Step 2 is harder.
So the same hecklers from the Zambia side follow us over and start bugging us on the Tanzania side. I am the only one with money right now, so Nick watches the bikes while I figure out the paperwork. Turns out I need $100 USD for my Visa. This is really steep and I don't even have that much US money on me.. I find a currency exchange building and come out with the US currency. I know that $100 is not the right price. It should be $50, but there are no signs for the prices anywhere, and it's not really in my power to complain because it wouldn't get cheaper, and we don't have the time to waste here. I hand over my passport and $100 USD. My only hint of joy is the fact that they accepted a few of my torn $10 bills that no one else would take that I snuck in the middle of the money. The man takes my money and passport and walks away to a room. He dissapears for a minute then comes back with no eye contact and helps the next person in line. I am off to the side waiting. After he helps around 5 people and what is about 10 minutes, I politely ask, where is my passport. This seems to jog his memory and walks over to the closed door and dissapears for a few minutes. He comes out with my passport and visa good for 1 year. Ok, now I just need to get to customs and import my motorcycle.
Well, no one is inside the customs office. The hecklers from the Zambia side are in there instead. They reach over the counter and grab all the forms I need, they get 3 sheets of carbon paper because apperantly I need 3 copies. They explain what I need to fill in. I fill it all out then, they tell me I need a copy of my title and registration. We walk down to a office supply place, which is just a shack tucked in amist like shacks. I copy mine and nicks papers for a buck. Back at the customs office no one is still there. Finally an obease woman shows up. You have to kind of just shove your papers infront of her to get her attention. She wants to see my caranet. I explain that we don't have one. I show her all the offical papers that I have. Nothing is working. I've been at this for about 3 hours now and need a break. I go outside and switch jobs with Nick. About 1/2 hour later, he comes out with a thumbs up. I still don't know what he did in there, but he got us the temperary imports. Now he just needs to get his Visa at imagration and we are good to go.
Well, you remember Nick didn't have any money at this point. He tries to ride his bike back to Zambia to a bank that we saw near the border, but he is told they won't let him enter now that his bike is imported to Tanzania. A heckler tells him of a bank he can walk to on this side of the border. He takes Nick with him and I play hacky sac with some people while watching the bikes. It's been a while and Nick finally comes back. I remember wondering if they would kidnap him at the ATM machine, but he was just fine. Now he goes to the currency exchange office to change the Tanzania money to USD. Nick goes through the same process with the Visa and comes out ready to go, or so we think.
Immagration and Customs done, but now the hecklers are telling us we need Insurance. We don't know what to believe. It's another $50 per bike for this. We are getting sick of being nickled and dimed to death. Should we risk is? Well we didn't, but on hind site we should have. The border gaurds never asked to see any when we crossed. Infact, the only reason the hecklers follow you through the whole process is so you buy insurance from them at the end. They are all insurance sellers. We find out it's supposted to be $30, but they are charging $50. We don't have time to argue. We need daylight to get some miles on and get to Timmer. We give in simply to save time. Timmer is a higher priority at this point. Frustrated we are finally in Tanzania.
This is the gate to Tanzania. It's only two cars wide and you can see it's blocked off right now from stubern drivers. No one would back up, so it was just blocked for about 15 minutes. I was watching this while Nick took care of Insurance.
Rain makes border crossing more fun.
We stop to get more money at this Mobile ATM. The gaurd was definitally not pleased that I took a photo. As soon as Nick got his money we took off.
Time for a quick bite to eat. We are starving. We find this place. Finally some cheap food. I'm starting to like this country. The meal was only about $2 USD each. Good food, service and a smile. What more can you ask for? So much better than that $10 Bimbo Burger.
Back on the road we see more of the usual.
We pound out another 150 miles, and by now it is pitch black and has been raining steady. Tired again, we find a hotel to crash for the night. $14 for a night. I am really liking the prices in Tanzania. After we are all settled they inform us that two guys can't share the same room. This is another one of their little tricks. We just tell them we are sharing and we will leave in the morning. They give up on trying to get us to buy another room. Sleep time. We did ok today, but we have a huge day ahead of us to get to Timmer late tomorrow night.
RR: 3 months on a husky te610
RR: 25,000 miles with Luke and Nick
Joined: Apr 2009
Location: Buenos Aires, Argentina
Oddometer: 19
Nobody Home
Joined: Dec 2004
Location: Itasca, IL
Oddometer: 4,075
Hey Luke, no pictures of squashed dogs this trip, OK? TIA.
There are some simple thruths......and dogs know what they are - Joseph Duemer
Andy holds the lead. And he will, all the way to the Highway. Today is his day.
Gnarly Adventurer
Joined: Aug 2009
Location: New York, NY
Oddometer: 147
I don't get the whole 'Semitruck flipped over 20 times' look
Whats up with that? I see it in every RR from Africa. Is there wildlife jumping out at them? Sleeping at the wheel? You would think they would just drive off the road and crash into a ditch. These trucks look like they were dropped out of the sky like rag dolls.
2011 KTM 690 Enduro R
2006 KTM 640 Adventure - Stolen :(
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