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Alternative-reggaeton • Cuando Baila Reggaeton • Da Hitman Presents Reggaetón Latino • List of reggaeton artists • Los Más Sueltos del Reggaetón • Magic Juan (reggaeton musician) • Progressive reggaeton • Reggaeton Bachateo • Reggaeton De Markesina • Reggaeton Hits • Reggaeton Niños • Reggaeton Reloaded 2.5
|Stylistic origins
|Dancehall – Soca – Reggae en Español – Hip hop – Toasting – Latin music
|Cultural origins
| Puerto Rico
|Typical instruments
|Dem Bow (rhythm) – Sampler – Drum machine – Vocals (mostly rapping, sometimes singing)
|Bachateo – Salsaton – Reggaeton Cubano – Dembow Dominicano – Cumbiaton – Malianteo – Romantikeo – Alternative reggaeton – Moombahton
|Regional scenes
|Puerto Rico – Panama – Dominican Republic – Cuba – Colombia – Venezuela – United States – Spain – Japan – Italy
|Other topics
|"Oye Mi Canto" – "Gasolina" – Luny Tunes – Machete Music – Perreo – Tempo
Reggaeton ( /ˌrɛɡeɪˈtoʊn/ or UK /rɛɡeɪˈtɒn/) is an urban form of music which has its roots in Latin and Caribbean music.[1] Its sound derives from the Reggae en Español from Panama.[2][3][4][5] The genre was shaped and made known in Puerto Rico where it got its name;[6] most of its current artists are also from Puerto Rico.[7][8][9] After its mainstream exposure in 2004, it spread to North American, European, Asian and African audiences.[10]
Reggaeton blends Jamaican musical influences of dancehall, with those of Latin America, such as salsa, Latin hip hop, and electronica. Vocals include rapping and singing, typically in Spanish. Lyrics tend to be derived from hip hop rather than from dancehall. Like hip hop, reggaeton has caused some controversy, albeit less, due to alleged exploitation of women,[11] and to a lesser extent, explicit and violent lyrics.
While it takes influences from hip hop and Jamaican dancehall, reggaeton is not precisely the Hispanic or Latin American version of either of these genres; reggaeton has its own specific beat and rhythm,[12] whereas Latin hip hop is simply hip hop recorded by artists of Latino descent. The specific "riddim" that characterizes reggaeton is referred to as "Dem Bow".[10][13] The name is taken from the dancehall song by Shabba Ranks that first popularized the beat in the early 1990s and that appears in his album Just Reality.
Controversy surrounds perreo, a dance with explicit sexual overtones which is performed to reggaeton music. Perreo was the subject of a national controversy in Puerto Rico as reggaeton music, and the predominantly lower class culture it derived from, became more popular and widely available.
There is no consensus about the Spanish spelling of reggaeton.[14] Spanish spellings include reggaeton,[15] reggaetón[15] and reguetón.[15] Fundéu BBVA recommends the fully adapted form "reguetón" and states that if the spellings "reggaeton" or "reggaetón" are used in Spanish, they should appear in italics.[15] In 2006, the Puerto Rican Academy of the Spanish Language proposed the form "reguetón" as the normal spelling, in order to simplify the creation of derivative words.[14]
Before the music was called reggaeton, it was known as "Spanish Reggae" or Reggae en Español.[10] Traveling along mass media circuits as well as diasporic networks, Jamaican popular music spread around the world in the 1960s and '70s. Reggae arrived in places like Panama and Puerto Rico as quickly as it reached more traditional centers of migration, such as London and New York. Panama was the first country to introduce Reggae en Español.[10] The music eventually made its way through Central America and continued evolving and coming to prominence in Puerto Rico where it became reggaeton.[10] Reggaeton started as an adaptation of Jamaican reggae to the Spanish language and overall culture in Panama and Puerto Rico.[10]
Since the early 20th century when Jamaican laborers were used to help build the Panama Canal.[10] Afro-Panamanians had been performing and recording Spanish-language reggae since the 1970s. Artists such as El General, Chichoman, Nando Boom, Renato, and Black Apache are considered the first Spanish reggae DJs from Panama. El General is often considered the father of reggae en español, blending Jamaican reggae into a Latinised version.[16][17] It was common practice to translate the lyrics of Jamaican reggae song into Spanish and sing them over the original melodies, a form termed "Spanish reggae" or Reggae en Español. Meanwhile, during the 1980s the Puerto Rican rapper and reggaeton artist Vico C released Spanish-language hip hop and reggaeton records in his native island. His production of cassettes throughout the 1980s, mixing reggae and hip hop, also helped spread the early reggaeton sound, and he is widely credited with this achievement.[18] The widespread movement of "Spanish reggae" in the Latin-American communities of the Caribbean and the urban centres of the United States help increase its popularity.[10]
Meanwhile hip hop and reggae in Puerto Rico were on the rise due to the increased popularity of Jamaican ragga imports. Towards the middle of the decade, Puerto Ricans were producing their own "riddims" with clear influences from hip hop and other styles. These are considered the first proper reggaeton tracks, initially called "under", short for "underground". As Caribbean and African-American music gained this momentum in Puerto Rico, Reggae Rap in Spanish marked the beginning of Boricua underground rap and served as an expression for millions of young people. This created an entire invisible, yet prominent underground youth culture that sought to express themselves through Reggae Rap in Spanish. As a youth culture that exists on the fringes of society and criminal illegality, it has often been publicly criticized. The Puerto Rican police launched a raid against underground rap by confiscating cassette tapes from music stores under Penal codes of obscenity, issuing fines, and the demoralization of rappers through radio, television, and newspaper media.[19]
The term "underground", coming out of hip hop discourse, associates underground artists as asserting a self-identification that rejects the commercialization of music. In San Juan "underground", however, it was not just about authenticity or ideology, but was literally about position in the market. "Underground" music was circulated via informal networks, copied from cassette to cassette, until the mid 1990s. DJ Playero was one of the most famous producers of "underground" at the time, releasing several underground cassettes that featured early performances of some soon-to-be-famous artists like Daddy Yankee. The basis for reggaeton was laid in Puerto Rico at this time, with the melding of Spanish reggae, with influences from fast dancehalls, hip hop and various other Latin American musical genres.[10]
The genre morphed through the years, at various points being termed "Melaza", "música underground", and "Dem Bow". This last name originated from reggaeton's distinguishing rhythmic feature: the Dem Bow (alternately spelled dembow) beat, relying heavily on the snare drum, which is used in nearly all reggaeton songs today.[10][13] This beat, or riddim, was produced under the direction of Jamaican record producer Bobby "Digital" Dixon and performed by Steely & Clevie. It first became popular in the song "Dem Bow" (They Bow) performed by Jamaican dancehall artist Shabba Ranks in 1991.[20] The song and beat achieved greater popularity among Spanish-speaking Latin Americans when Panamanian artist El General released the song "Son Bow" in 1991, a Spanish language cover of "Dem Bow" using the same musical track.[21] It should be pointed out that neither Shabba or El General sang reggaeton as neither the genre nor its title were as yet formed. Additionally "Dem Bow" was just a single song in Shabba's catalog, with Ranks not singing another significant song using the "Dem Bow" beat. However, the influence of the original Bobby Digital beat is undeniable, and modern reggaeton often still reflects the original instrumentation, as well as the original rhythmic structure.
This new genre was simply called "underground". It contained very explicit lyrics about drugs, violence, poverty, homophobia, friendship, love, and sex. These common themes, which in many cases depict the troubles of an inner-city life, can still be found in reggaeton today. "Underground" music was recorded in "marquesinas" (or Puerto Rican open garages) and distributed in the streets via cassettes. These marquesinas were crucial to the development of Puerto Rico's underground scene due to the state's "fear of losing the ability to manipulate 'taste'".[19] Marquesinas were often in "housing complexes such as Villa Kennedy and Jurutungo."[19] Despite being recorded in the projects of Puerto Rico, the majority of the recordings made in marquesinas were of high quality, which helped in increasing their popularity to the Puerto Rican youths of not only the projects but those of the middle and upper class as well. The availability and quality of these cassettes led to the genre's popularity, crossing over socio-economic barriers in the Puerto Rican music scene. The most popular cassettes in the early 1990s were DJ Negro's The Noise I and II, and DJ Playero's #37 and #38. Gerardo Cruet who created these recordings spread out the genre from the marginalized residential areas into other sectors of society, particularly into private schools.
By the mid '90s, "underground" cassettes were being sold in commercial music stores. The genre caught up with the middle class youth and inevitably found its way to the media. By this time Puerto Rico had a few clubs dedicated to the underground scene. Club Rappers in Carolina, and club PlayMakers in Puerto Nuevo were the most notable. Bobby "Digital" Dixon's dembow track was exploited in order to appeal in the context of the club. Underground music wasn't intended originally to be club music.
Underground rap music in Puerto Rico faced harsh criticism. In February 1995, there was a government-sponsored campaign against underground music and its cultural influences. Puerto Rican police launched six raids at records stores in San Juan,[22] in which hundreds of cassettes were confiscated from record stores and fines were imposed (in accordance with Laws 112 and 117 against obscenity).[19] The Department of Education banned baggy clothing and underground rap music from the school systems.[23] In the following months after the raids, local media demonized rappers, claiming they were "irresponsible corrupters of the public order."[19]
In 1995, DJ Negro released The Noise 3 with a mock up label that read Non-Explicit Lyrics. The album contained no cursing until the last song. The album was a hit and underground music further crept into the mainstream. Senator Velda González of the Popular Democratic Party and the media continued to view the movement as a social nuisance.[24]
In the mid 1990s, the Puerto Rican Police and National Guard even went as far as to confiscate reggaeton tapes and CDs in an effort to get the "obscene" lyrics out of the hands of consumers.[25] Schools also banned hip hop style clothing and music in an effort to quell the influence of reggaeton in the educational environment. In 2002, Senator Velda González led public hearings in an attempt to regulate the sexual "slackness" of reggaeton's lyrics and the perreo style of dance associated with the genre. While the effort did not seem to negatively affect the general public's opinion about reggaeton, it did reflect the unease of the government and upper social classes with what the music represented. Due to its often sexually charged content and because of its roots in poor, urban communities, many middle and upper class Puerto Ricans found reggaeton to be threatening, "immoral, as well as artistically deficient, a threat to the social order, apolitical, [and] misogynist."[23]
Despite earlier controversy, reggaeton slowly began gaining acceptance as an important part of Puerto Rican culture, helped in part by politicians, including Velda González, who used reggaeton in election campaigns to appeal to younger voters, starting in Puerto Rico's 2003 elections.[23] Currently, Puerto Rican mainstream acceptance of reggaeton has grown increasing more visible with reggaeton's appearance in popular culture, including a 2006 Pepsi commercial featuring Daddy Yankee.[26] Other examples of a change in sentiment within the greater population of Puerto Rico can be seen in some religiously and educationally influenced lyrics. Reggae School for example is a rap album produced for the sole purpose of teaching math skills to children, reminiscent of School House Rock.[27] Reggaeton expanded and became known when other producers followed the steps of DJ Playero, like DJ Nelson and DJ Eric. In the early '90s, albums like DJ Playero's Playero 37 (in which Daddy Yankee became known) and The Noise: Underground, The Noise 5 and The Noise 6 were very popular in Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic. Singers like Don Chezina, Tempo, Master Joe & O.G. Black, Baby Rasta & Gringo, and Lito & Polaco were very popular.
The name reggaeton only gained prominence in the mid-2001 (from the 2001 to 2002 period), with the Dem Bow beat characterizing the genre; this is in contrast to the more reggae, dancehall and hip hop-derived tracks previously created. The name was created in Puerto Rico to signify the unique fusion of Puerto Rican sounds and distinguish it from the previous Spanish reggae, created from the years of mixing the different genres.[10] Today, the music flourishes throughout Latin America. Reggaeton soon increased in popularity with Latino youth in the United States when DJ Blass worked with artists such as Plan B and Speedy in albums such as Reggaeton Sex.
2004 was the year that reggaeton gained widespread popularity in the United States and non-Hispanic Europe. Tego Calderón was already getting some airplay in the U.S. and it was very popular in the youth market. Daddy Yankee's El Cangri.com became popular that year in the U.S. as did Héctor & Tito. Luny Tunes y Noriega's Mas Flow was well received, while Yaga & Mackie with Sonando Diferente, Tego Calderón with El Abayarde, Zion & Lennox with Motivando a la Yal and the compilation Desafío were popular as well. Then in 2004 rapper N.O.R.E. released his hit single "Oye Mi Canto" which seemingly broke cultural and language barriers, which featured the likes of Nina Sky & Daddy Yankee. Soon after Daddy Yankee came out with his album Barrio Fino and his hit single "Gasolina" which spread around the world becoming a mega-hit and with it introducing reggaeton to the rest of the world. Tego Calderón also increased the reggaeton genre with singles like "Pa Que Retozen" and "Guasa Guasa". Another important artist who contributed to reggaeton's increasing popularity, especially in Europe, is Don Omar, with singles like "Pobre Diabla" and "Dale Don Dale".[28] Other very popular reggaeton artists include J Balvin, Alexis & Fido, Angel & Khriz, Nina Sky, Nicky Jam, Zion, RKM & Ken-Y, Voltio, Calle 13, Héctor "El Father", Ivy Queen, Wisin & Yandel, and Tito "El Bambino". In late 2004 and early 2005, Shakira recorded "La Tortura" and "La Tortura – Shaketon Remix" in her album Fijación Oral Vol. 1 (Oral Fixation Vol. 1) popularizing reggaeton in North America, Europe and Asia.
In May 2006 Don Omar's album, King of Kings, became the highest ranking reggaeton LP to date in the US charts, with its debut at number 1 on the Top Latin Albums chart and its peak at number 7 on the Billboard's 200 albums. It also gained the number 1 spot on the Billboard Latin Rhythm Radio Chart with the single "Angelito."[29] Don Omar was also able to beat the in-store appearance sales record at Downtown Disney's Virgin music store previously set by pop star Britney Spears, further demonstrating reggaeton's rise to popularity in the United States. 2007 also saw new records set with Daddy Yankee's June release of El Cartel III: The Big Boss setting a new record for highest first week selling reggaeton album with 88,000 copies sold.[30] It peaked at number 1 on both the Top Latin Albums and Top Rap Albums charts being the first reggaeton album to peak at number 1 on the rap charts. It also peaked at number 9 on the Billboard 200 making it the second highest ranking reggaeton album on the mainstream chart.[31] The third highest ranking reggaeton album came later that year in the form of Wisin & Yandel's album Wisin vs. Yandel: Los Extraterrestres debuting at number 14 on the Billboard 200 and number 1 on the Top Latin Albums chart.[32] In 2008 a new 3rd highest ranking album came with the release of Daddy Yankee soundtrack to his movie of the same name Talento de Barrio debuting at number 13 on the Billboard 200 knocking Wisin vs. Yandel: Los Extraterrestres down a spot. It also peaked at number 1 on the Top Latin Albums chart, number 3 on Billboard's Top Soundtracks and number 6 on the Top Rap Albums chart.[31] 2009 saw the release of Wisin & Yandel's album La Revolucion debuting at number 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 making it equal 1st as the highest charting reggaeton album along with King of Kings. It also debuted at number 1 on the Top Latin Albums and number 3 on the Top Rap Albums, demonstrating a crossover appeal for reggaeton in mainstream "English-speaking" markets.
The Dem Bow riddim itself was first produced by Jamaican dancehall DJs in the late 1980s and early 1990s. However, the original idea of Dem Bow's percussion pattern cannot be traced to any individual producer, because the riddim itself was partly influenced by mento's one drop, but also by other West Indian music such as calypso and soca, which in turn gives the Dem Bow a pan-Caribbean nature. Steely & Clevie, creators of the Poco riddim are usually credited with the creation of the original Dem Bow.[33] At the heart of Dem Bow lies the 3+3+2 or tresillo rhythm, complemented by bass drums in 4/4 time.[1][34]
The Dem Bow riddim was first highlighted in the song "Dem Bow" by Shabba Ranks from his album Just Reality. Dem Bow's drum and percussion pattern is created through a drum machine. The creation of the drum machine in the late 1970s revolutionized dancehall music, and many dancehall producers used these drum machines to create different dancehall riddims. Dem Bow's role in reggaeton is to be the basic building block, and the skeletal sketch in percussion.
The Dem Bow used in reggaeton also incorporates other different riddims such as the Bam Bam Riddim, the Hot This Year Riddim, the Poco Man Jam Riddim, the Fever Pitch Riddim, the Red Alert Riddim, Trailer Reloaded Riddim, and the Big Up Riddim. As a result, different samples are often used to create Dem Bow in reggaeton. As reggaeton continues to evolve, so does the Dem Bow riddim, and many of the newer reggaeton hits incorporate a much lighter and electrified offspring of the riddim. Examples can be heard in songs such as "Permítame" and "Pa' Que la Pases Bien".[1]
Reggaeton lyrical structure resembles hip hop lyrics. Like hip hop, most reggaeton artists recite their lyrics rapping (or vocals resembling rapping) rather than singing; however, many reggaeton artists alternate between rapping and singing. Reggaeton uses the traditional pop structure of verses, choruses and bridges. Like hip hop music, reggaeton songs have hooks that are repeated throughout the song. Latino ethnic identity has been a common theme in reggaeton, articulated musically, lyrically, and visually.
Usually, reggaeton CDs are not labeled "explicit" like many hip hop CDs are. One exception is that Daddy Yankee's Barrio Fino en Directo (Barrio Fino Live) was labeled explicit for objectionable content in the live concerts (and for explicit language by Snoop Dogg in the song "Gangsta Zone"), even though the regular studio version of Barrio Fino was not labeled explicit. Some reggaeton artists, such as Alexis & Fido, are able to circumvent radio and television censorship by using sexual innuendo and lyrics with double meanings in their music. Some songs have also raised concerns about women's depiction on their lyrics.[35]
While reggaeton started as a genre composed of mostly male artists, there has been a slowly increasing number of female artists debuting over the years. Notable female reggaeton artists include Ivy Queen, Mey Vidal, Adassa, La Sista and Glory.
Reggaeton is very popular in Latin American countries such as Panama, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Cuba, and Venezuela. Reggaeton has become staple music in many parties and events, complementing the common mix of merengue, salsa and electronic music, and has paved a huge fan base.
Cubatón is a term used sometimes to denominate Cuban reggaeton and at other times, a uniquely Cuban fusion of reggaeton with other Cuban musical styles. In Cuba (and some other Latin American countries), where ideas and language are an integral part of the appreciation of music, there is an alleged critical backlash against the increasing popularity of reggaeton. This rift supposedly exists often among members of the Cuban Hip Hop community. According to British music lecturer Geoff Baker, many critics claim that the music's lyrics do not explore any subjects past "sex, dancing, and the singer himself, in various combinations." Baker also believes that because reggaeton has an allegiance to so many Caribbean and Latin American countries, it overshadows distinctly Cuban forms and variations of music, such as Cuban Hip Hop, even though Hip Hop is ultimately a North American musical genre.[36] Popular cubatón artists include Eddy K, Gente de Zona, and Osmani García. In 2011 the Cuban state denounced reggaeton as degenerate, directed reduced "low-profile" airplay of the genre (but did not ban it entirely) and banned the megahit Chupi Chupi by Osmani García, characterizing its description of sex as "the sort which a prostitute would carry out".[37][38][39][40][41]
Spanish reggae developed as a result of Jamaican immigration to Panama as a result of the Panama Canal. Eventually, many of these Jamaicans had intentions to go back to Jamaica, but many of them ended up staying, and eventually assimilated and became part of the culture.[42] Meanwhile, in the 1970s, Panamanians like El General began taking reggae songs and beats and singing over them with Spanish lyrics.[42] They also sped up reggae beats, and added Hispanic and Latino elements to them. The music continued to grow throughout the 1980s, with many stars developing in Panama. El General has been widely regarded as the "Godfather of Reggae en espanol" due to many of his great songs.[43] El General stepped down in 2004 from the music industry, and since then has been working to help underprivileged Panamanian children.[44]
In Colombia, local rhythms such as champeta or reggae from San Andrés have influence in urban music. Reggaeton has raised popularity in local culture. The increase of local artists and local stations that play reggaeton had gained the acceptance of the Colombians. Although this music is recorded through all the country, the main hub is in Medellín, Bogotá and Cali, house of artists like Maluma and J Balvin.
Arguably but inevitably, reggaeton has become known through Puerto Rico more than any other country; this has given Puerto Rico hegemonic status over reggaeton, even though a process of decentralization has opened ways for many artists in different Caribbean and Latin American countries to produce their own local reggaeton scenes.[1] Despite the growing popularity of reggaeton in Latin America many of the genre's artists and new talents still come from Puerto Rico; much in the same fashion that New York was considered hip hop's Mecca in the 1980s. Reggaeton derives from rhythms related to dancehall, soca and the tresillo clave from son and salsa: the post-salsa music youth generation of the '90s in Puerto Rico. Before reggaeton exploded in the mid-nineties, young street artists, heavily influenced by East Coast hip hop and turntablism, rapped over cassette tracks. Alongside this early hip hop influenced reggae-rap, evolved the Panamanian reggae style which eventually fused into reggaeton.
Despite Puerto Rico's struggling economy, reggaeton stars have been able to achieve success not only as global stars but as local entrepreneurs; this has been evidenced in industry labels such as DJ Nelson's Flow Music, Daddy Yankee's El Cartel Records, and Wisín and Yandel's WY Records. Through production models derived from U.S. hip hop artists and based in grassroots movements, reggaeton has been an artistic vehicle gaining worldwide popularity, a far cry from its previous reputation as an infamous underground product of urban youth.[45]
With the help of N.O.R.E. (also known as Noreaga), a New York-based rapper, and his producing of Nina Sky's 2004 hit "Oye Mi Canto", which featured prominent reggaeton artists Tego Calderón and Daddy Yankee, reggaeton quickly gained popularity in the US.[46] Soon after, Daddy Yankee caught the attention of many big names in hip hop with his song "Gasolina", propelling the style across the country.[46] Also in 2004, XM Radio launched a channel called Fuego (XM), which played exclusively reggaeton music. However, XM Radio removed the channel in December 2007 from home and car receivers, but can still be streamed off the XM Satellite Radio Website. The genre has also provided the foundation and basis for a modern Latin-American commercial radio phenomenon known as Hurban,[46] a combination of the terms Hispanic and Urban that is used to evoke the musical influences of hip hop and Latin American music. Reggaeton formed from hip hop and reggae, and has helped Latin-Americans contribute to the urban American culture while still keeping many aspects of their Hispanic heritage. The music relates to many of the socio-economic issues happening in America including gender and race which highly connects to hip hop in America today.[46]
Underground clubs, youths in the inner city, and huge hip hop moguls all participated in pushing the genre to the top of the charts.[46]
Reggaeton has not become as popular in Europe as in Latin America. However, it has a great appeal to Latin American immigrants, especially in Spain,[47] France and Italy. A Spanish concept called "La Canción del Verano" (The Summer Song), under which a particular song or two define the mood for the season and are regarded unofficially as such by Spanish media, served as the basis for the appearance popularity of reggaeton songs such as Panamanian rapper Lorna's "Papi Chulo (Te Traigo el Mmm)" in 2003, "Baila Morena" by Héctor & Tito and Daddy Yankee's "Gasolina" in 2005. Puerto Rican and Panamanian reggaeton artists have toured Spain to give reggaeton concerts.[48]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Reggaeton
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The most recent curriculum redesign at the University of Kansas School of Medicine (KUSoM) also launched the most technology intensive methodology in the history of the school. All learning materials are accessible through web browsers or through access to network files made available to students (WebDrive). Incoming students are given the option to bring the device(s) that will best serve their needs and learning styles. Students are strongly encouraged to use Windows based Microsoft OneNote or other note taking and organizational tools.
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TIGARD -- Football fans at Tigard High School remembered a youth football and baseball coach who died in a crash on the Willamette River last week.
People in attendance Friday gave a round of applause for Eryk Simmons, who died after two personal watercraft crashed in the Willamette River in West Linn.
More: Man ID'd in deadly West Linn Jet Ski crash
They also took up a collection to help support his family.
For the size of the man he was, as large lineman football player, most gentle kind man wonderful with children and knew how to coach and knew how to get the kids to understand what to do, said Dylan Boyd who coached with Simmons.
Simmons leaves behind a wife and two sons.


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New Jersey Lt. Governor Denies Sandy Money Accusations
Monday, January 20, 2014
New Jersey's Lieutenant Governor Kim Guadagno this morning forcefully denied accusations from Hoboken Mayor Dawn Zimmer that Guadagno tied the release of Superstorm Sandy disaster relief money to Zimmer fast-tracking approval of a building project favored by Governor Chris Christie.
Christie is already facing investigations into whether lane closures at the George Washington Bridge were political retribution.
New Jersey politics reporter Melissa Hayes of The Bergen Record joins Here & Now's Robin Young with the latest.
- Melissa Hayes, New Jersey politics reporter for The Record (Bergen County). She tweets @Record_Melissa.
Source: NPR
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adjective back·hand·ed \ˈbak-ˈhan-dəd\
: not direct or sincere
sports : using or done with a backhand
Full Definition of BACKHANDED
: using or made with a backhand
— back·hand·ed·ly adverb
See backhanded defined for English-language learners
See backhanded defined for kids
Examples of BACKHANDED
- We were disappointed by his backhanded apology.
- <"You throw okay, for a girl" is a bit of a backhanded compliment>
First Known Use of BACKHANDED
Related to BACKHANDED
- Synonyms
- artificial, insincere, counterfeit, double, double-dealing, double-faced, fake, feigned, hypocritical, Janus-faced, jive [slang], left-handed, lip, mealy, mealymouthed, Pecksniffian, phony (also phoney), phony-baloney (or phoney-baloney), pretended, two-faced, unctuous
Rhymes with BACKHANDED
Learn More About BACKHANDED
Next Word in the Dictionary: backhanded ropePrevious Word in the Dictionary: backhand (verb)All Words Near: backhanded
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Lorenzo Perissinotto of Treviso, Italy was today appointed the new Director of European Affairs. Mr. Perissinotto's responsibilities will include representation of The Lazarus Organization's investment portfolio in Europe; as well as to oversee the Organization's client based operations and transactional business.
Mr. Perissinotto has more than twenty five years experience in the international consulting profession and has worked extensively in Europe, the Middle East and most recently in the Russian Federation. "We chose Mr. Perissinotto not only for his solid reputation as a knowledgeable consultant; but more importantly for his reputation as a highly ethical businessman possessed of a strong character that represents the business values of The Lazarus Organization" stated a spokesman for The Organization.
Mr. Perissinotto assumes his new position as Director of European Affairs on January 21, 2013. The Lazarus Organization can be reached for further comment at: http://www.TheLazarusOrganization.com.


text:
Musical memories alive in Lakeside
John Stewart Tribute Concert
When: Saturday, Nov. 20, 7 p.m.
Where: 11132 Pinehurst Dr., Lakeside
Tickets: $25
Online: darkthirty.com
Jimmy Duke is such a huge music fan that he turned his Lakeside house into a concert venue 12 years ago, complete with a permanent stage in the living room and overflow seating on the deck. But when it came time to invite one of his favorite singer/songwriters over for a show, Duke was too big a fan to do it.
"It took me two years to actually get a date for John Stewart because I was just so scared," Duke said of Stewart, best known as one-third of the Kingston Trio and the writer of the Monkees' "Daydream Believer." "When you're looking up at this god on earth, this musical genius, you don't know how to approach him."
Eventually, Duke found his nerve and John Stewart found a new musical home. The San Diego-born singer/songwriter played nine shows on that living-room stage before his death in 2008, including a 2005 concert in honor of Duke's 70th birthday. Duke turns 75 this weekend, and he will celebrate it by honoring the man whose songs still make him feel like a million bucks.
On Saturday, Dark-Thirty is hosting a John Stewart Memorial Tribute Concert featuring Tim Dismang and the John Stewart Band, along with performances by Shana Morrison (daughter of Van Morrison), Joey Harris of the Beat Farmers (who played in Stewart's band from 1975 to 1979), and Stewart's wife, Buffy Ford Stewart.
"John loved Jimmy, and so do I," Ford Stewart said via e-mail. "He loved playing there. It is very cozy and it feels like family."
As always with "Dark-Thirty" concerts — named after the shows' starting time, which is usually 30 minutes after the sun sets — there will be chairs on the deck, a complimentary potluck dinner in the kitchen and dedicated fans coming out of the woodwork.
"The first time we played a show there, I drove up to the house and I thought, 'This can't be right.' " John Stewart Band bass player Dave Batti said of Duke's place, which is on an unmarked street just past a blind curve. "But that room invites you to play things and play them well. You need to be prepared to play your best there, because people are really paying close attention."
An exacting performer who demanded the best from his band and his audiences, Stewart was not terribly enthusiastic about playing his inaugural Dark-Thirty house concert in 2000. Sensing Stewart's first-timer's doubts, Duke sent a limousine to pick him up in Coronado, where Stewart was staying with former Kingston Trio bandmate Nick Reynolds, who also died in 2008. Duke figured if Stewart's experience started on a high note, it might end on one, too.
The gesture paid off, perhaps a little too well. Stewart and his band played to a full house of rapt music fans. And when it was over, Stewart uttered the phrase that struck new fear in the heart of his worshipful host.


text:
Twig Salad Forks, Set of 4 1 1
Wonderfully Whimsical Collection From the first time I saw this collection I fell madly in love. I have been buying pieces a bit at a time to build an 8-piece set, since their price adds up quickly. But they are worth every cent, in my opinion. Not only are they beautiful, but also great quality & each one is unique due to the gorgeous blackened finish. September 9, 2014
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Cheetah Technologies Promotes Jeremy Bennington to V-Factor GM & VP; Names David Baranski Senior Vice President of Sales
PITTSBURGH, Sept. 8 /PRNewswire/ — Cheetah Technologies, LP, a leader in network performance and video quality management solutions, today announced changes and additions to its senior executive team that are designed to enhance the company's ability to meet the needs of cable system operators and telco service providers.
The company announced that Jeremy Bennington has been promoted to General Manager and Vice President of Cheetah's V-Factor Business Unit, with responsibility for the V-Factor portfolio of solutions that monitor video quality from the source to the subscriber. Cheetah has also named David Baranski, a highly-regarded cable sales executive, as Senior Vice President, Sales for the entire Cheetah portfolio of products.
In addition to Bennington and Baranski, Cheetah has announced the promotions of Steven Santamaria to Chief Operating Officer, Dr. Stefan Winkler to Chief Scientist, and Praveen Mohandas to Chief Technologist.
"Digital video service quality is one of the key drivers of customer satisfaction in today's competitive environment," said Santamaria. "By combining the thought leadership of Jeremy and our senior management team with David Baranski's extensive digital video experience, we are exponentially increasing our ability company-wide to create total solutions that optimize the quality of the products that are delivered by our customers."
Bennington, who joined Cheetah in conjunction with the company's acquisition of V-Factor from Symmetricom, was the driving force behind Symmetricom's cable market strategy and led the company's success in DOCSIS® product development. As a participant in the CableLabs® DOCSIS 3.0 and Modular CMTS specifications efforts, he was an active contributor to the creation of specifications for Business Services and the DOCSIS Timing Interface. Prior to Cheetah Technologies and Symmetricom, Bennington held various positions with Tele-Communications Inc. (TCI) and Purdue University. He holds a Bachelor's in Computer Engineering and a Master's of Science in Management from Purdue.
Baranski is a 15 year industry veteran who has worked closely with a cross-section of the leading cable system operators. Most recently he served as vice president, sales and support operations for IneoQuest. Prior to joining IneoQuest in 2007, Baranski had served as vice president-sales, Americas for Terayon Communications Systems, and as vice president of worldwide sales for Advent Networks. Baranski also served in multiple capacities with 3Com from 1994-2002, rising to the position of vice president, U.S. service provider sales. A graduate of Texas A&M University with a B.S. in Electrical Engineering, Baranski spent four years in the U.S. Marine Corps.
About Cheetah Technologies
With a long history in Network and Video Quality Management, Cheetah Technologies has raised the bar in status, performance and quality monitoring while pioneering new ground in IP service testing and performance analysis. Cheetah Technologies solutions allow network operators to more efficiently and cost effectively isolate and troubleshoot multi-layered problems that impact service quality. Information about Cheetah's products and services can be found at www.cheetahtech.com.
Cheetah Technologies is a privately held company which is owned by the Pittsburgh based investment firms The Hawthorne Group and Rosetta Capital. The Hawthorne Group is an investment and management company with holdings in the communications, railroad, assisted living, soft drink bottling, and real estate businesses. Rosetta Capital focuses on acquiring operating businesses in service industries and niche manufacturing.
SOURCE Cheetah Technologies, LP


text:
Fonte Branda
via di Fontebranda, Siena, Italy 53100Map
Neighborhood: Historic Center
Fountains were particularly valued in fortified cities in the Middle Ages as were all things that aided survival during that period of war and bloodshed. The Branda fountain is certainly the oldest (late 12th Century); it is so old that even the days of the writer Bocaccio (1313-1375) it was considered to be ancient! The building is still there with its Guelph battlement.
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It follows the adventures of two boxers and best friends who travel to Las Vegas in order to fight each other for the sake of a chance to compete for the middleweight title. The film also starred Lolita Davidovich, Tom Sizemore, Lucy Liu and Robert Wagner.
The film garnered a generally poor reception, with Rotten Tomatoes giving it an average rating of 3.9 out of 10. Professional critical reception was similar, with Empire Magazine giving it just 2 stars out of 5.
Cameos include: Tony Curtis, Wesley Snipes, Mike Tyson, Kevin Costner, Rod Stewart, Jennifer Tilly and Natasha Gregson Wagner.
Aging prizefighters and longtime pals Cesar Dominguez (Banderas) and Vince Boudreau (Harrelson) always regretted not getting one last shot. Out of the blue, such an opportunity comes their way -- except it's to fight each other.
Boxing promoter Joe Domino (Sizemore) has a problem on his hands. The fighters scheduled to be on his undercard in Vegas, a preliminary to a main event featuring heavyweight Mike Tyson, suddenly become unavailable at the last minute. He needs replacements fast, so a call is made to a gym in Los Angeles to see if Dominguez and Boudreau would be willing to step into the ring against one another.
The boxers negotiate one condition -- that the winner will be given a chance to fight for the middleweight championship. Domino agrees, although the untrustworthy promoter is not necessarily a man of his word.
Cesar and Vince have only a day to get to the fight. They decide to drive rather than fly, so they call upon their friend Grace (Davidovitch) to drive them in her vintage automobile. Grace is not only their mutual acquaintance, but the former love interest of both.
Grace's own plan is to pitch her various money-making ideas to Vegas bigshots like hotel and casino boss Hank Goody (Wagner) and raise venture capital. In the meantime, they pick up a hitchhiker (Liu) whose insults finally result in Grace's flattening her with a solid right cross worthy of one of her friends.
The fight between the two friends is sparsely attended, ringside fans and celebrities remaining uninterested until the night's main event. Cesar and Vince mix it up so savagely, however, beating each other to a bloody pulp, that fans in the arena begin paying more and more attention, as do commentators on TV.
When the action-packed and dramatic bout comes to an end, Cesar and Vince are paid off, but promptly blow most of their money. Grace, too, comes away empty-handed, except for her everlasting relationship between a couple of hard-headed but soft-hearted guys.


text:
02 October 2013 17:30 [Source: ICIS news]
LONDON (ICIS)--The West African polyethylene and polypropylene markets continue to suffer from poor demand, participants said on Wednesday.
"Demand here is dead slow," a local producer said. "The moulding sector is the worst affected due to slow demand from consumers. We are hopeful of an improvement within the next two weeks. Let's hope for the best."
A distributor said: "It's hand to mouth buying. Prices are so high, nobody is going to book extra material."
Both expect prices to soften in the coming weeks because of softer feedstock costs, however.
"With upstream prices softening, we can hope for translating it into a softening of downstream prices as well," the producer said.
"Whoever needs the product will take it [at current prices]," the distributor said. "People who don't need it will be more savvy, they will wait. In November we expect the decline of prices."
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text:
Every once in a while there's a book that, when you finish reading it, makes you reevaluate your life.
The Glass Castle is a memoir written by Jeannette Walls, giving first-hand accounts of the Walls family as they traversed the country in junker cars, living the life of nomads. Throughout Jeannette's childhood, Rex Walls led his family of 6 from the deserts of Arizona to the mountainsides of West Virginia in attempts to strike it rich with his inventions and schemes. The reader also follows her emotional journey, as childish faith in her father's empty promises slowly led to the realization that her parents were unwilling to compromise their hopes, dreams, and addictions to provide for their family. Ultimately, Jeannette realizes that in order to have a future, she will need to separate from her past.
After finishing my reading, I sat in bed trying to think up potential topics for my review. Should I focus on the dynamics of family, the detriments of ultra-liberal parenting methodologies (parenting based on the golden rule of "what doesn't kill you only makes you stronger", to which Jeannette's sister Lori replied, "If that was true, I'd be Hercules by now"), poverty in modern America, the trickle down effect of psychological damage from parent to child, the American Dream, the importance of hard work and perseverance, overcoming adversity, alcoholism, selfishness, the definition of freedom? I continued scrolling down the list of potential topics in my head.
In the end, I don't think it would do potential readers (nor this book) justice to simply focus on a single topic to highlight. Life is a myriad of complex plots woven together through time. The memories from Jeannette's life can be picked apart and categorized all day long, but it is the compilation of all the events in The Glass Castle that have made Jeannette Walls the success that she is today. And, most importantly for the reader, Jeannette's precise writing allows you to vividly experience those memories with her.
I highly recommend this memoir. The anecdotes are sometimes humorous, sometimes heartbreaking, but made all the more powerful because they are all true. After hearing Jeannette's story, you may find yourself inspired. So, take a walk with Jeannette down memory lane. You won't regret it.


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Norey's Bar & Grille Newport, RI · 11/21/2014
The food at Norey's lately has been AMAZING The turkey potpie was fantastic and came with a full Norey's salad for $17. The...
Jo's American Bistro Newport, RI · 07/14/2013
great food, atmosphere and service
very reasonable prices, great variety and each dish oozes flavor. my wife and i frequent newport often and this will be a...
The Pier Restaurant Newport, RI · 08/31/2011
Overpriced for Mediocrity
My boyfriend and I dined at the Pier last week. We sat at the bar and although it was not busy it took the bartender a few...
Fluke Wine Bar and Kitchen Newport, RI · 10/31/2008
best of the best
This is the best place in Newport. Classy, Romantic, Affordable, I LOVE THIS PLACE. Want to go back next year.
Clarke Cooke House Newport, RI · 07/08/2008
mediocre food, HORRIBLE service
The service was horrible, the decor is dated, and the staff is very pretentious. They called twice to remind us to dress nice,...


text:
Governor Andrew M. Cuomo has directed that flags on state government buildings be flown at half-staff on Monday, April 2 in honor of a New York soldier who died in Afghanistan on March 26.
Staff Sergeant William R. Wilson III died in Paktika province as a result of wounds from small arms fire. He was a member of the 2nd Battalion, 28th Infantry Regiment of the 172nd Infantry Brigade, based in Grafenwoehr, Germany. Staff Sergeant Wilson was from Getzville.
"On behalf of all New Yorkers, I extend my deepest sympathies to the family, friends, and fellow soldiers of Staff Sergeant Wilson," Governor Cuomo said. "We will always be grateful for the service and dedication of this New York soldier."
Governor Cuomo has directed that the flags on all state buildings be lowered to half-staff in honor of and in tribute to our state's service members and those stationed in New York who are killed in action or die in a combat zone.


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The Securities and Exchange Commission today announced that Sean McKessy will oversee the new Whistleblower Office in the Division of Enforcement. The office will consolidate existing resources to administer the whistleblower provisions called for by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act.
Mr. McKessy will lead a program charged with working with whistleblowers, handling their tips and complaints, and helping the Commission determine the awards for individuals who provide the agency with information that leads to successful enforcement actions.
Mr. McKessy rejoins the SEC, where he was a senior counsel in the Division of Enforcement from 1997 to 2000. More recently, Mr. McKessy served as corporate secretary for both Altria Group, Inc. and AOL Inc., and as securities counsel for Caterpillar, Inc. In these roles, Mr. McKessy developed and supervised internal compliance and reporting programs related to the federal securities laws, served as corporate compliance officer, and coordinated the reporting of potential violations to boards of directors.


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MediaProSoft Free MP4 Video Converter 6.4.3
MediaProSoft Free MP4 Video Converter is a clean and professional MP4 converter program which helps you get MP4 video from all mainstream video formats. It supports many portable devices such as iPod, iPhone, iPad, Apple TV, PSP. It can also extract audio from video as an audio converter further. You are allowed to play the input video with your default media player, customize the output effect and convert files in batches.
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Outlook Express Backup Toolbox 1.1.17
Outlook Express Backup Toolbox quickly makes a full backup of Outlook Express mailbox. It is done in literally several mouse clicks. It works with any version of this email client, try this utility if you'd like to keep your mailbox in safety. There are two available modes for Outlook Express restore, for beginners and more experienced users: Simple and Advanced. By default, all additional settings are turned on, this tool saves everything.
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Swifturn Free Audio Converter 7.3.5
This sound converter provides customizable sound quality through optional presets. The default preset of each format works in most cases and you can select others to best suit your needs. No more confusing numeric adjustment - even a kid can change the quality by some simple clicks. Swifturn Free Audio Converter is designed with ease of use in mind and simplifies the audio conversion progress to the point that new users can understand and apply.
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PCBooster Free File Splitter Joiner 7.3.5
PCBooster Free File Splitter Joiner makes it not a pain anymore - it enables you to split any files regardless of size or type into smaller chunks. Additionally, it provides default size settings for CD, DVD, floppy disk, zip drive, or even custom size. To open the file again, just REJOIN them with the integrated Joiner.
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WinMend File Copy 1.4.4
Based on extensive testing, and by constantly maximizing the potential of the operating system, WinMend File Copy developed a unique key technique that makes up for the inadequacy of the system`s default copy functionality and increases the speed of file copy to be 3 times of the system default. It can resume the interrupted replication and display a list of failed files, such as files occupied by other applications.
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Advanced Recent Access 1.0
Advanced Recent Access is designed to see and open your recent used resources (files and directories). Key features: can see more properties of the recent resources, such as path, size, type, date modified, date accessed and date created. Automatically record accessed times. Sorts the recent resources by accessed times in descending order by default, so as to let you to quickly access the high frequency resources. And more.
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