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H. D. Liu, L. Z. Pei, N. Lin, S. Wang, H. Y. Yu
Type: Regular Paper
Subject Area: Environmental and Energy Technology
Released: January 19, 2015
Zn doped strontium germanate has been prepared by the hydrothermal method using strontium acetate, germanium dioxide and zinc acetate as the raw materials. The Zn doped strontium germanate were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and solid UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectrum. The structures of Zn doped strontium germanate were confirmed to be hexagonal SrGeO3 and rhombohedral ZnGeO3 phases. The band gap of Zn doped strontium germante decreases from 3.67 eV to 2.88 eV with the change of the Zn doping mass percentage. The photocatalytic activity of the Zn doped strontium germanate has been evaluated for the photocatalytic degradation of gentian violet under UV light irradiation. The results reveal that the Zn doped strontium germanate has the enhanced photocatalytic activity. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.8]
Xiaowei Guo, Sadao Momota, Noriko Nitta, Kazuki Maeda
Subject Area: Micro- and Nano-Fabrication
Released: February 14, 2015
The increasing importance of the volume expansion effect on crystalline materials induced by ion-beam irradiation has drawn much attention because of its applications. For example, the expansion effect is used as a good probe to investigate any crystalline-amorphous (c-a) phase change and/or damage. Because the expansion rate and its depth profile can be controlled by means of the irradiation parameters, such as fluence and energy, the deformation of structures on the micro-/nano-meter scale is expected. The fluence needed to achieve deformation is relatively low, and it is expected that irradiation-induced damage is reduced compared with that induced by conventional ion-beam fabrication. Therefore, this expansion effect is a potential method to improve the ion-beam technology employed to fabricate complicated 3-dimensional structures requested in actively developing industrial fields, such as MEMS/NEMS. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2014.35]
Hideyuki Jippo, Mari Ohfuchi, Susumu Okada
Subject Area: Nano-Science and -Technology
Released: February 28, 2015
We study the electronic transport properties of armchair graphene nanoribbons with a width of up to 12 nm bridged between two Au electrodes using first-principles calculations. The transport properties sensitively depend on the ribbon width, even though the width reaches 12 nm. The variation of transport properties is ascribed to the detailed electronic structures of graphene ribbons, which sensitively depend on their width. The band structure and the symmetry of π state of the graphene play important roles in determining the transport properties. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.54]
Tomohiro Sakata, Sakura N. Takeda, Nur Idayu Ayob, Hiroshi Daimon
Subject Area: Electronic Properties
Released: March 07, 2015
We investigated the relationship among the number of flash annealing times to obtain Si clean surface and the change of arsenic dopant concentration and subband levels using secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy(ARPES). The SIMS result shows that the first five times of the flash annealing already induces significant reduction of the dopant concentration in agreement with the recent work [Pitter et al., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 30, 021806 (2012)]. We found the energies of hole subband levels rapidly decrease as the number of the flash annealing times increases. We calculated the subband levels in a broadened confinement potential taking the dopant reduction determined by SIMS into account. The energy separations of the calculated subband levels were in good agreement with the ARPES results. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.75]
Rie Horie, Fumihiko Matsui, Naoyuki Maejima, Hirosuke Matsui, Kota Tanaka, Hiroshi Daimon, Tomohiro Matsushita, Shigeki Otani, Takashi Aizawa
Subject Area: Structures
Released: March 21, 2015
Pure cubic zirconia (c-ZrO2) is unstable at room temperature. We achieved the epitaxial formation of c-ZrO2 crystalline surface oxide islands on ZrB2(0001) by annealing the substrate without sample cleaning at 950°C under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions. The interface structure at the c-ZrO2 islands and the ZrB2(0001) substrate was investigated using element-specific circularly-polarized-light photoelectron diffraction, angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED). The ZrO2(111) islands was a twin crystal oriented in ZrO2[1 -1 0]//ZrB2[2 -1 -1 0], and was stable up to around 1500°C. The Zr-Zr distance of ZrB2 bulk and that of ZrO2(111) agree with at the ratio of 8 to 7. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.111]
Taishi Higuchi, Chunping Hu, Kazuyuki Watanabe
Released: March 28, 2015
We investigate laser-assisted field emission (LAFE) from a silicene nanoribbon (SiNR) using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) simulation. The emission mechanism in the present study is considered to be over-barrier photoemission and is found to be governed by electronic dipole transitions, the characteristics of the excited states, and the energy levels of the excited states relative to the potential hump. The qualitative features of emission from the SiNR are similar to those from graphene nanoribbons (GNRs). The emission currents from SiNR, however, are found to be much larger than those from GNR for the same laser parameters in spite of a larger work function for SiNR. We reveal the emission currents in real time and space on an atomic scale, and observed current being driven back and forth in the early stage of emission. We further elucidate the dynamical correlation among the laser pulse, the Kohn-Sham potential and emission currents wiggling under the ponderomotive force. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.115]
Qing Yang, Xiaohong Zhang, Xiaohong Zhou, Hirokazu Tatsuoka, Hiroko Kominami, Kazuhiko Hara, Yoichiro Nakanishi
Subject Area: Thin Films
Released: April 25, 2015
We report the point contact visible luminescence from Ga-doped ZnO layers. The Ga-doped ZnO layers were grown by the thermal oxidation of ZnS substrates with gallium in the air. The injected light emission was observed around the point-contact surface of ZnO layers when a forward DC voltage in the range of 2.5-9.8 V was applied (point contact was positive). Typically, we illustrated the luminescent spectrum for 6.7 V which showed a wide emission band centering at 680 nm. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.201]
Wasuthep Luecha, Rathanawan Magaraphan
Type: Conference -ACSIN-12&ICSPM21-
Subject Area: Nano-Materials
A polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-based nanocomposite was prepared by using nanoclay-polyacrylic acid gel (nanoclay-PAA gel) as a reinforcing filler. For nanoclay-PAA gel, the cation-exchange method was used to prepare an organoclay from bentonite clay and hexadecyl trimethylammonium chloride. The organoclay was then dispersed in isopropanol, mixed with PAA gel (PAA powder swollen in water at room temperature to 1 wt%) under mechanical stirring, and neutralized with Triethanolamine (TEA). X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed an increasing of basal spacing and the intercalated structure of nanoclay gel was also found. The good distribution of organoclay in gel matrix were revealed with scanning electron microscope (SEM). PET/Clay nanocomposites with various inorganic clay contents (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 wt%), were then prepared via melt mixing in a twin screw extruder. PET/Clay nanocomposites structure, phase morphology, thermal and mechanical properties of PET/Clay nanocomposites were investigated by XRD, SEM, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA) and universal testing machine, respectively. The results reveals the exfoliated and intercalated structures of nanoclay in PET/Clay nanocomposites, the improvement of thermal properties and the increasing of crystallinity, leading to the enhancement of mechanical properties. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.107]
Tomihiro Hashizume
Subject Area: Nano-Science and -Technology; Dr. Rohrer Memorial
Released: May 02, 2015
The career and my memories of Rohrer senseiI, together with a brief history of scanning tunneling microsocpy, are described for an introduction to presentations in the Dr. Rohrer Memorial Session. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.207]
Katsutoshi Fukuda, Akiyoshi Nakata, Masahito Morita, Yoshiharu Uchimoto, Satoshi Toyoda, Eiichiro Matsubara
Type: Conference -ISSS-7-
We studied the electronic, structural, and electrochemical modulation of electrostatic self-assembled thin films in which a nanoscale pair of single layer 1T-MoS2 nanosheets and charge-compensating polymers as a counterpart in the self-assembly process stacked up on the substrate after heating. Heating the self-assembled monolayer and multilayers of the 1T-MoS2 nanosheets at 300°C under vacuum triggered a yellow coloration and structural transformation, referred to as the 1T→2H transition, without a significant morphological change. In the topotactic conversion, an energy shift of the Mo 3d and S 2p core levels to a higher binding energy corresponds to the edge shift of the valence band, indicating the unique nature of this system as a MoS2 molecule. The single layer state, which is often modulated by stacking the metallic-like 1T-MoS2 nanosheets and the semiconductor 2H-MoS2 nanosheets, was retained in the multilayers due to the robust interlayer galleries filled by the polymers. Cyclic voltammograms of a Li-ion battery using the 1T- or 2H-MoS2 multilayer film electrodes provided useful information on the electrochemical reaction of the MoS2 slabs, especially at the early stage of electrochemical Li insertion. These self-assembled ultra-thin films, offering well-defined MoS2 nanosheet structures in terms of stacking order and crystal structure, will promote future applications of the single-layer 1T- and 2H-MoS2 nanosheets. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.1]
Yoshio Kobayashi, Kyosuke Shibuya, Tomohiko Nakagawa, Yohsuke Kubota, Kohsuke Gonda, Noriaki Ohuchi
Released: February 21, 2015
This paper proposes a method for fabricating gadolinium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-immobilized silica particles (SiO2/Gd-DTPA). Preparation of a colloid solution of spherical silica particles with an average size of 101.7±11.7 nm was performed by a sol-gel method at 35°C using 0.2 M tetraethylorthosilicate, 25 M H2O and 0.01 M NaOH in ethanol. Amino groups were introduced on the silica particles with 6 × 10−3 M (3- aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APES) at 35°C (SiO2-NH2), which resulted in their average particle of 80.5±9.7 nm. Gd-DTPA was immobilized on the SiO2-NH2 particle surface with 5 × 10−4 M Gd-DTPA in 50/50 (v/v) water/dimethylformamide solution at 35°C , which provided their average particle of 101.6±12.3 nm. The APES-introduction and the Gd-DTPA-immobilization did not change the spherical structure, and shifted an iso-electric point of particles to higher pH for the APES-introduction and then to lower pH for the Gd-DTPA-immobilization, which indicated that APES and Gd-DTPA were successfully attached on the particle surface with no chemical damage. A relaxivity value for T1-weighted imaging of the SiO2/Gd-DTPA particle colloid solution was 2.7 mM−1 s−1, that was 64% of that for Magnevist. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.42]
Yasuko Kajiwara, Hiromitsu Nagashima, Satoshi Nagai, Satoka Aoyagi
Subject Area: Interdisciplinary
Inorganic-organic composite materials are commercially utilized over a wide variety of industrial fields. The information on the distribution of inorganic and organic components on a nanometer scale is important for understanding the chemistry of the composite materials. In this study, the distribution of polycarbonate (PC) oligomer within a glass fiber reinforced PC was investigated using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and principal component analysis (PCA). As a result, PCA indicated a component differentiating PC oligomer from PC polymer and revealed the homogeneous distribution of PC oligomer within the glass fiber reinforced PC. Therefore, a combination of ToF-SIMS and PCA is useful for identifying the detailed distribution of PC oligomer and evaluating the property of glass fiber reinforced PC. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.47]
Masayuki Yamamoto, Yasuo Nakayama, Yuki Uragami, Hiroumi Kinjo, Yuta Mizuno, Kazuhiko Mase, Kaveenga Rasika Koswattage, Hisao Ishii
Electronic structures of donor-acceptor hetero-interfaces are crucial for performance of organic solar cell devices. In the present study, a well-defined organic molecular interface of pentacene single crystal and C60 overlayer is elucidated by x-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS and UPS) and photoelectron yield spectroscopy (PYS). An energy level diagram at this hetero-molecular contact in the "head-on" orientation is derived, which reveals the vacuum level alignment and flat-band conditions. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.59]
Atsuko Yamazaki, Shouta Akiba, Bunbunoshin Tomiyasu, Masanori Owari
Subject Area: Instrumentations and Techniques
Three-dimensional microanalysis of the microstructure of organic materials is important in the development and progress of novel materials on the micro-to-nanometer scales. We have developed the three-dimensional microanalysis method using focused ion beams (FIBs) for section processing (shave-off scanning) and mapping for time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Shave-offscanning can effectively create an arbitrary section on a sample set against composite materials with a wide variety of shapes; three-dimensional sample images are then obtained by alternately operating two FIBs. From the simulation results, we could set the optimum condition of beam irradiation. In this study, we confirmed the enhancement of secondary ion intensity by Au deposition under ToF-SIMS mapping with the optimized condition, and examine the usefulness of the simulation. The enhanced maps of characteristic polystyrene (PS) fragment ions were obtained. In addition, we observed the distribution of Au deposition by mapping results. These maps showed same tendency. The intensity of PS fragment ions was enhanced according to existence of deposited Au particles. These results indicated that a precise analysis of 3D MetA-SIMS can be realized. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.65]
Tomohide Takami, Yoshihiro Ojiro, Shuichi Ogawa, Yuji Takakuwa, Yoshihide Ogawa, Mikako Saito, Hideaki Matsuoka, Shin-ichi Tate
A method of outer surface modification of glass nanopipette with chlorobenzene- terminated organopolysiloxane has been developed. Scanning electron microscope images and microscopic Raman spectra revealed the efficacy of the coating. Energy dispersive X-ray spectra showed not only the materials adsorbed on the nanopipette but also the change in stoichiometry of the bulk glass resulting from the fabrication process of the nanopipette with a laser puller. The coating method is easy to treat and can be used for various applications such as the prevention of carbon contamination from the materials during the injection to biomaterials such as living cells. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.79]
Miyoko Tanaka
Fe clusters grown on SrTiO3 {001} surfaces were studied with UHV-TEM/STM combined system. Fe clusters have two types of epitaxial orientation relationships: one with a simple cube-on-cube with 45° orientation and the other with a higher index interface plane. The second one grows in twins. It was deduced that the clusters with the first orientation relationship have truncated pyramid shapes and stronger bonding energy and that the second one have near-roundish shapes with weaker bondings. The clusters influence each other so that their orientations deviate. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.85]
Shuhei Ishida, Yuichi Sugizaki, Takuya Nakamura, Kazuyuki Edamoto, Masaharu Matsunami, Tetsuya Hajiri, Shinichi Kimura
Released: March 14, 2015
The electronic structure of Ni2P(0001) has been investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) utilizing synchrotron radiation. A Ni 3d–P 3p hybrid band was observed at 1-5 eV, and the band had peaks at 1.5 eV and 3.4 eV together with a shoulder around 2.4 eV. The resonant PES study showed that the Ni 3d component was included in the whole binding energy region of the band. The change in the surface electronic structure of Ni2P(0001) induced by the segregation of P atoms was investigated by annealing temperature-dependent measurements of PES, and it was found that the change proceeded via following two steps: the segregation of P atoms proceeded at about 200°C, and the bonding between surface Ni atoms and segregated P atoms was facilitated at > 300°C. The bonding between Ni and P atoms induced substantial stabilization of Ni 3d levels, which is contrary to the case of Fe2P(0001) where the segregation of P atoms induced little change in DOS of Fe 3d levels. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.93]
Nobuo Satoh, Shigetaka Katori, Kei Kobayashi, Shunji Watanabe, Toru Fujii, Kazumi Matsushige, Hirofumi Yamada
Dynamic-mode atomic force microscopy (DFM) combined with Kelvin probe force microscopy (KFM) has been a powerful tool not only for imaging surface topography but also for investigating surface potential on a nanometer-scale resolution. We have developed DFM/KFM using a microfabricated cantilever with a lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoelectric thin film used as a deflection sensor. The observed sample can be in a completely dark environment because no optics are required for cantilever deflection sensing in our experimental setup, which is also equipped with a mechanism to irradiate ultraviolet (UV) light onto the sample. We prepared a platinum-on-silicon substrate and deposited fullerene-derivative (PCBM; [6,6]-Phenyl-C61-Butyric Acid Methyl Ester) film patterns by vacuum evaporation with two shadow masks in crossed directions. The energy band diagram with band-bending, it was created by simultaneously obtaining topographic and surface potential images of the same area using the developed DFM/KFM. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.102]
Yoshimi Horio, Yoshihide Watanabe, Yuji Takakuwa, Shuichi Ogawa
Platinum nano clusters, which are attractive material for highly activated catalysis, are usually evaluated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Here we challenge to evaluate the structure of Pt nano clusters by reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) for the first time. The nano cluster models are made of n = 7 and n = 15 Pt atoms, which are deposited on TiO2(110) substrate. The former has two dimensional (planer) and the latter three dimensional (two layer's) shapes. They are rotated around their [111] axes of Pt crystal, whose axes are also inclined from the substrate surface normal because of the atomically rough substrate surface. The RHEED patterns have been calculated by kinematic diffraction theory. From the calculated patterns for the two types of the clusters (n = 7 and 15), it is found that there is characteristic difference in the radial intensity distributions. The difference is attributed to existence or absence of the higher order reflections which arise from two layers of Pt(111). [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.125]
Hiroaki Koga, Kohei Tada, Mitsutaka Okumura
Subject Area: Catalysis
CO oxidation over a rutile TiO2(110) surface supporting a tetrahedral Au10 cluster has been examined by plane-wave DFT calculations. O2 adsorbs sideon to the pentacoordinate Ti site of the oxide support with a large energy gain (∼ 2 eV), activated to a peroxide state. O2 adsorption on the cluster is much weaker. The stability and activation state of sideon O2 depends weakly on distance to the cluster. On a Ti site next to the cluster, a sideon O2 reacts with CO adsorbed on the cluster to yield CO2 with a very small energy barrier of 0.13 eV. On a more remote Ti site, a sideon O2 reacts with a gaseous CO to yield CO2 with a barrier of 0.55 eV. Thus, O2 + CO reaction is much faster at the perimeter even for a small cluster such as Au10. Similar results are obtained for a truncated pyramidal Au9, except that a carbonate is formed at the perimeter. The carbonate formation is inhibited if H2O is adsorbed next to O2. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.129]
Yuka Ikada, Shohei Tanahara, Tomohiro Oyamada, Daisuke Inoue, Shingo Machida, Junko Taniguchi, Masaru Suzuki, Makoto Ishikawa, Kouji Miura
Released: April 04, 2015
We measured the frictional behavior acting on C60 films at a small normal load as a function of oscillation amplitude using a MHz-range quartz crystal resonator and an optical AFM cantilever. The frictional behavior for C60 films varies by the amplitude: For the amplitudes smaller than the C-C bond length of the C60 molecule, the dynamic frictional force is directly proportional to the amplitude, while it becomes almost constant for larger amplitudes. Although the observation is in qualitatively the same manner as HOPG, the dynamic frictional force for small amplitudes is significantly larger than that of HOPG. This difference suggests that C60 molecules easily tilt and/or rotate when the tip slides in C60 films, and the dynamic friction arises from the tilting and/or rotating motion. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.135]
Masako Sakamaki, Kenta Amemiya
Electric field-induced change of magnetic properties in ferromagnetic Fe thin film grown on a ferroelectric BaTiO3 (BTO) substrate is studied by means of x-ray absorption spectroscopy. We find that a few nm Fe oxide layer exists at the Fe/BTO interface when the Fe thickness is 8 nm, in which the film shows in-plane magnetization. The x-ray magnetic circular dichroism analysis reveals that the coercive field, Hc, of Fe shows a hysteresis behavior as a function of the electric field, and larger Hc is observed at ∼ ±3 kV/cm. On the other hand, it is found from the extended x-ray absorption fine structure analysis that the Fe-O bond distance shows a similar electric field dependence to that of Hc, and shorter distance is observed at ∼ ±3 kV/cm. Therefore, it is assumed that the Hc strongly depends on the ferroelectric domain structure of BTO, and larger Hc is observed for the multi-domain structure. We suppose that shrinking of the Fe–O distance caused by the domain formation leads to an enhancement of Hc due to the island-like localization of the interface Fe oxide. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.139]
Takuma Nakano, Sumio Kogoshi, Noboru Katayama
TiO2 photocatalysts can remove harmful substances such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) under light irradiation. However, they are only activated by ultraviolet light at wavelengths shorter than about 380 nm, so they cannot be used under visible light irradiation. Thus, visible-light-responsive photocatalysts have been studied extensively to enable their indoor use. TiO2 powder supported with Cu(II) ions (Cu(II)/TiO2) has recently been reported to possess visible-light photocatalytic activity. In the present study, we used cupric acetate as a Cu(II) source. We prepared various Cu(II)/TiO2 photocatalysts by changing the amount of cupric acetate and assessed their photocatalytic performance. The performance of Cu(II)/TiO2 photocatalysts was estimated from the rate of decrease in the formaldehyde (HCHO) concentration in the flowing stimulant air under irradiation by a fluorescent lamp or a white LED. The surface properties of Cu(II)/TiO2 photocatalysts were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. The optical reflectance of Cu(II)/TiO2 photocatalysts was measured by using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The maximum visible-light photocatalytic activity was observed at a Cu/TiO2 weight ratio of 5.69 [wt%]. The maximum rate of decrease in the HCHO concentration of the Cu(II)/TiO2 photocatalyst was higher than twice that of a typical commercial TiO2-based visible-light-responsive photocatalyst (Ishihara-Sangyo MPT-623) under the same test conditions. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.143]
Masataka Kato, Toru Akiyama, Kohji Nakamura, Tomonori Ito
Subject Area: Crystal Growth
Released: April 11, 2015
The effects of Zn atoms as a dopant on the surface structure and initial growth processes on InP(111)B substrate are theoretically investigated on the basis of surface phase diagrams which are obtained by comparing the adsorption energy given by ab initio calculations with the gas-phase chemical potentials. The calculated surface phase diagrams demonstrate that the Zn-incorporated surface is stabilized under the growth conditions with high Zn supply ratio. Furthermore, In atoms tend to easily adsorb on the Zn-incorporated surface as an In–P dimer due to the formation of Zn–P and P–P bonds, implying that the adsorption of In atoms and resultant growth processes are promoted on the Zn-incorporated InP(111)B surface which is stabilized under Zn-rich conditions. These results suggest that effects of Zn doping on the surface structure and initial growth processes are crucial for understanding the bidirectional growth mechanisms of InP nanowires on InP(111)B substrate. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.147]
Shunsuke Yoshizawa, Howon Kim, Takuto Kawakami, Yuki Nagai, Tomonobu Nakayama, Xiao Hu, Yukio Hasegawa, Takashi Uchihashi
We performed low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy on Si(111)-(√7 × √3)-In in magnetic fields. Superconducting vortices were observed by mapping zero-bias conductance in an area consisting of flat terraces separated by atomic steps. While vortices in the terrace regions have an isotropic shape with a normal-state core, those at the atomic steps have anisotropic shapes and the superconductivity is only weakly suppressed in the cores. These properties are understood as a crossover from a normal vortex to a Josephson vortex. We conclude that the atomic steps work as Josephson junctions limiting the density of supercurrents. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.151]
Shungo Kojima, Tomoteru Fukumura, Tetsuya Hasegawa
Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) monolayers of octaoctyloxy metallophthalocyanines (MOOPc, M = Cu, Zn) and copper tetra(tert-butyl) phthalocyanine were deposited on glass substrates. MOOPcs showed gradual increase in their surface pressure-area isotherms reflecting their flexible substituents. In spite of the similar molecular structure, Cu and ZnOOPc indicated different isotherms at lower pressure, manifested by the surface morphology. At high surface pressure, ZnOOPc monolayer became denser than CuOOPc monolayer, as was estimated by the optical absorption. These results represents that the central metals have a crucial effect on structures of LB monolayers. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.155]
Hiroki Kanehira, Muhammad Zainurin, Shuji Shimamura
Mechanisms of triboluminescence of silica glass are discussed from a theoretical viewpoint on the basis of several experimental reports on triboluminescent spectra of a variety of silica glasses. Until now, two different mechanisms have been proposed for triboluminescence of silica glass. Triboluminescent spectra with a single peak were regarded as the emission from a black-body radiator, but spectra with two peaks were interpreted as the emission from defect centers. We here propose a model for explaining the two types of triboluminescent spectra reported in silica glass. In our model, triboluminescence of silica glass is due to the emission from defect centers near fracture surfaces. Radiative relaxation of electronic states on these defects would explain the two types of triboluminescent spectra reported in silica glass. Triboluminescent spectra of silica glass depend on fracture methods which influence disorder in atomic configuration near fracture surfaces. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.159]
Shohei Tanahara, Daisuke Inoue, Shingo Machida, Yuka Ikada, Junko Taniguchi, Masaru Suzuki, Makoto Ishikawa, Kouji Miura
We carried out the surface mapping of the dynamic friction and the effective elastic stiffness of contact by using a quartz crystal resonator and an AFM cantilever, associated with the topographic image. The tip was scanned across the Au substrate on the resonator in the constant-height mode. A typical grain structure of the Au substrate in the dynamic friction and the effective stiffness images was observed, simultaneously with the topographical image. This technique enables us to observe the surface properties related to contact in the nanometer scale. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.164]
Satoru Yoshimura, Satoshi Sugimoto, Kensuke Murai, Kuniaki Honjo, Masato Kiuchi
Released: April 18, 2015
We propose an experimental methodology for producing silicon carbide (SiC) films on Si substrates using an ion beam induced chemical vapor deposition (IBICVD) technique with methylsilane (SiH3CH3) as a gas source. Both methylsilane gas (1.2 sccm) and Ar ion beam (100 eV, 5μA) were simultaneously introduced onto Si(100) substrates. Temperatures of Si substrates were set at 600, 700, or 800°C. A SiC thin film was formed by the simultaneous introduction of methylsilane and Ar ions onto the Si substrate when the substrate temperature was 600°C. On the other hand, in the cases of 700 and 800°C, SiC films were formed by methylsilane gas alone and SiC film deposition rates by methylsilane gas with the Ar ion beam were approximately identical with those obtained without the Ar ion beam. We therefore conclude that the IBICVD technique with methylsilane is useful for SiC film formation on Si at relatively low substrate temperatures. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.174]
Naoki Nishimoto, Katsumi Yoshino, Junko Fujihara, Kuninori Kitahara
The influence of ZnO-MgO mixed metal-organic decomposition (MOD) coating materials have been investigated based on crystal growth and film properties of ZnO-MgO mixed thin films. These mixed thin films were grown on quartz substrates by dip coating and then sintered at 550°C. The film properties were evaluated using an atomic force microscope and a UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer, and by performing X-ray diffraction measurements. The growth mechanism is changed by MgO in ZnO-MgO mixed MOD coating materials. Mg segregated to the surface side in the ZnO-MgO mixed thin film, and some of the segregated Mg formed ZnMgO. In addition, the grain size of ZnO-MgO mixed thin films increased with an increase in the amount of MgO additive. Therefore, it can be concluded that grain boundary segregation of Mg enhances crystal growth. This enhancement of crystal growth by the intentional addition of an impurity can be applied to improving the characteristics of other semiconductor materials. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.185]
Tomonori Ito, Toru Akiyama, Kohji Nakamura
The structural change in InAs(001)-(2×3) wetting layer surfaces grown on GaAs is investigated using ab initio-based approach incorporating temperature T and beam equivalent pressure p. Our calculated results reveal that the (2×3) surface fully covered by As dimers is unstable while the (n×3) surfaces (n =4, 6, and 8) with (n −1) dimers including In-As and one missing dimer is more stable at the conventional molecular beam epitaxial (MBE) growth conditions such as T = 703 K under pIn = 1:0×10-7 Torr and pAs4 = 7:5×10-7 Torr. On the (n×3) surfaces, In atoms are incorporated through In-As dimer formation with As desorption. The resultant (4×3) surface consists of three In-As dimers and one missing dimer. The (6×3) surface has three In-As dimers, two As dimers, and one missing dimer. Only one In-As dimer emerges with six As dimers and one missing dimer on the (8×3) surface. The missing dimer region becomes favorable site for further In adsorption. Moreover, the (8×3) can easily change to the (4×3) with In adsorption and subsequent As dimer desorption on the initial (8×3). The existence ratio R for the (4×3) and (6×3) units is respectively estimated to be R = 0:70 and 0.30 satisfying 0.375 ML desorption of As on the (2×3) to form the (2×4)α2. This is consistent with experimental results. Consequently, the (n×3) surfaces including In-As dimers appear during MBE growth instead of the (2×3) surface with As-dimers. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.190]
Iwao Sugimoto, Yoriko Suda, Hiroshi Muramatsu, Kazuhiko Takahashi
Adsorption interactions between adsorbate of volatile organic compound (VOC) and adsorbent film were investigated using Kelvin probe force microscopy and differential force microscopy. An adsorbent film with carbonaceous columnar structures was prepared using radio-frequency sputtering of pectin. The VOCs were identified by their dielectric constants, polarizabilities, and refractive indices. Polar VOCs enhanced the interaction forces and negative surface potentials of the adsorbent films. The negatively charged potential showed thermal drift, which is stronger for polar VOCs. Thermal release of electrons trapped in the surface states by band bending was enhanced by the adsorption of polar species. Activation energy is closely correlated with the negative shift of the surface potential. Quantitative structure property relationship analyses suggest that the local charges of adsorbate VOCs are crucial for these surface properties: surface potential, surface interaction force, and adsorption amount. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.195]
Osamu Endo, Hiroyuki Ozaki, Masashi Nakamura, Kenta Amemiya
The growth of gold on top of a n-alkane monolayer, which consists of lamellar assemblies with close-packed flat-lying chains, is observed by using scanning tunneling microscopy. The n-alkane monolayer sustains gold atoms,and penetration of the atoms into the monolayer is inhibited. The molecular conformation is unaffected and the arrangement is only slightly changed upon deposition of the gold atoms. Two-dimensional clusters are grown and a smooth monolayer is finally obtained. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.209]
Kohei Sekine, Hideaki Yamamoto, Sho Kono, Takeshi Ikeda, Akio Kuroda, Takashi Tanii
Subject Area: Bio-Science and -Technology
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysis can be applied to pattern proteins and cells under aqueous solution. In this work, we extended the application of this technique to patterning primary neurons, a type of cell with relatively weak adhesibility. For this purpose, we employed ribosomal protein L2 (RPL2) that has high affinity toward silica and metal oxides, including TiO2, to stably bind a neuronal adhesion protein laminin to the TiO2 surface. We utilized two types of molecular recognition to achieve this—binding of anti-laminin antibody to its antigen (laminin) and binding of protein A to the antibody. We show that a protein complex consisting of laminin/anti-laminin antibody/protein A-RPL2 is spontaneously formed by simply mixing the precursor proteins in solution phase. We then show that the surface coated with the protein complex supports stable growth of rat hippocampal neurons. Finally, we show that the cells can be selectively grown on the protein complex patterned with the TiO2-assisted method. The protocol established in this work is a unique combination of a top-down micropatterning of the surface using TiO2 photocatalysis and a bottom-up self-assembly of biomolecules, which can be further applied to pattern a wide range of proteins and cells. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.213]
Tomomi Mukaiyama, Toru Yajima, Masayuki Futamata
Released: May 16, 2015
We have succeeded in forming flocculates of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using DNA and RNA bases to obtain their surface enhanced Raman spectra. Adenine, guanine and cytosine molecules which possess a primary amino group (-NH2) formed flocculates at much lower concentration than uracil and thymine without an -NH2 group, suggesting a crucial role of an -NH2 group for adsorption of these base molecules on neighboring AuNPs. Detailed adsorption structure of base molecules was investigated using their SERS spectra at various pH in solutions and those for deuterated bases, comparing with those for bulk state and also by DFT calculations. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.223]
Keisuke Sawada, Jun-Ichi Iwata, Atsushi Oshiyama
Released: May 23, 2015
We investigate the origin of repulsive interactions between atomic steps on vicinal solid surfaces using a first principles approach. Peculiar electronic states localized near step edges are found in (11-2n) nanofacets formed on the 4H-SiC(0001) vicinal surface. The localized states are gradually overlapped between the steps with shrinking the distance between atomic steps. From a viewpoint of energetics for (11-2n) nanofacets, the presence of the repulsive interaction between atomic steps is expected. We then suggest that the overlap between electrons distributed around step edges is a possible origin of the step-step repulsive interaction. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.231]
Tsuyoshi Yukawa, Masato Morita, Masanobu Karasawa, Satoshi Ishimura, Norihito Mayama, Hiroshi Uchida, Yoko Kawamura, Kohei M. Itoh, Masanori Owari
The present reconstruction method of Atom Probe Tomography (APT) has the problem that the parameter, in particular the shank angle which represents the region the signal of APT is detectable, is adjusted according to the internal length reference of the sample. The reliable APT reconstruction image could not be obtained in the sample without the reference. We propose the method to calculate the value of the shank angle from the shape of sample and the geometric position relationship between the sample and the detector. We compared the APT reconstruction image in this method to the image in the conventional method with the sample of Si isotope superlattice. The result is that APT 3D image by the new method was reconstructed equivalently to the image by the conventional method. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.235]
Yoshitaka Takemoto, Toru Akiyama, Kohji Nakamura, Tomonori Ito
The surface reconstructions and adatom kinetics on AlN(1-102) and AlN(1-101) surfaces in the presence of H2 molecules are investigated on the basis of density-functional theory calculations. Our surface phase diagram calculations demonstrate that the H-incorporated surfaces are invariably stable over the wide range of H2 pressure. We find that under the growth condition the adsorption energy of Al adatom on AlN(1-102) surface is much larger than that on AlN(1-101) surface. Furthermore, we find that the diffusion behavior of Al adatom on AlN(1-101) surface is significantly influenced by the presence of hydrogen. These results suggest that impact of hydrogen ambient during the metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy growth on AlN(1-102) surface is quite different from that on AlN(1-101) surface. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.239]
Kozo Mochiji, Norio Inui, Ryousuke Asa, Kousuke Moritani
Type: Conference -SSSJ-34-
We demonstrate a method to clean and probe a graphene layer on copper by using cluster ions consisting of thousands of argon (Ar) atoms. Ar cluster ions colliding with a solid at kinetic energies below ∼5 eV/atom dissociate into smaller cluster ions such as Ar2+ or Ar3+, and the dissociation rate (ease of dissociation) depends on the physical property of the solid. We apply this phenomenon to probe a graphene layer on copper. Contaminants at the graphene surface are removed without damage to the surface by Ar cluster ion bombardment and the cleanliness of the surface is simultaneously probed by measuring the dissociation rate. This rate gradually approaches the value for a clean surface. After cleaning, the dissociation rate for pristine graphene on copper is five times lower than that for bare copper, indicating that the graphene layer acts as a buffer against the impact force of the cluster ion upon collision. Accordingly, the method can probe the quality of graphene, such as carbon coverage, by comparing the dissociation rate with that for bare copper. Furthermore, the method can probe the interface between graphene and copper, showing that the dissociation rate increases with increasing copper oxidation. The obtained experimental results are compared with simulated results obtained by molecular dynamics simulation for the collisions of an Ar cluster ion with graphene on copper. The combined results are discussed with respect to the utility of the proposed method for controlling the quality of graphene in the manufacture of electronic or mechanical devices. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.167]
Tomoya Takada, Kazuya Uchino, Takanori Suda, Ayumi Nakagawa, Aya Nobuta
Type: Conference -CIF'15-
Subject Area: Devices and Sensors
Released: January 31, 2015
We examined the photometric characteristics of ultraviolet light (UV) measurements of aqueous solution and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film containing bromothymol blue (BTB) and diphenyliodonium salts (chloride, nitrate and trifluoromethane sulfonate). The solution and film were initially green (neutral), but were changed to yellow (acidic) by irradiation with 254 nm UV from a mercury lamp. A solution and film containing only BTB did not show the color change, which we concluded was solely induced by the acid generation from the diphenyliodonium salts. Photochemical kinetics of the UV-induced color change are discussed on the basis of experimental results; the color change proceeded obviously according to pseudo-first-order kinetics. This BTB/diphenyliodonium salt system could be used as a low-cost, mobile UV dosimeter. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.15]
Olaf Karthaus, Takuya Okamoto, Chihiro Okajima
Released: February 07, 2015
We used a self-organized polymer microhoneycomb structure as a template to form polyaniline structures that contain hexagonal voids. The polyaniline was synthesized in situ and adsorbed spontaneously on a polymer honeycomb structure that was immersed in the solution. Successive adsorption cycles led to thicker polyaniline coating. The characteristic honeycomb structure could be preserved during the process. Electrical measurements showed that the film resistance is the sum of contact and sheet resistance. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.19]
Akira Kawashima, Takayuki Nakanishi, Yuichi Kitagawa, Koji Fushimi, Yasuchika Hasegawa
Terbium oxide nanoparticles, TbOx nanoparticles, were synthesized by the thermal reaction of Tb(III) complexes as a single-source precursor with acetylacetone (acac) or hexafluoroacetylacetone (hfa). Thermal decomposition processes of Tb(III) complexes for preparation of TbOx nanoparticles were characterized by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The prepared TbOx nanoparticles were identified using XRD and TEM measurements. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.23]
Shun Omagari, Takayuki Nakanishi, Yuichi Kitagawa, Koji Fushimi, Yasuchika Hasegawa
Series of nonanuclear Tb(III) clusters with ligands of different length of alkyl chain groups and their photophysical properties are demonstrated. The nonanuclear Tb(III) clusters (Tb9 clusters) are composed of nine oxygen-bridged Tb(III) ions and sixteen alkyl salicylate ligands, where alkyl chain are ethyl (Tb9-Et), propyl (Tb9-Pr), butyl (Tb9-Bu), and hexyl (Tb9-Hex) groups. The luminescence properties of the Tb9 clusters are characterized by absorption spectra, emission quantum yields, and emission lifetimes. The radiative (kr) and nonradiative (knr) rate constants were calculated from their photophysical properties. Tb9-Hex have shown the highest kr (859 s-1) and lowest knr (137 s-1), owing to the tight packing due to CH-π interaction by long alkyl chains. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.27]
Satoshi Wada, Yuichi Kitagawa, Takayuki Nakanishi, Koji Fushimi, Yasuchika Hasegawa
The chiroptical properties of nonanuclear Tb(III) clusters are reported. The nonanuclear Tb(III) clusters are composed of nine Tb(III) ions, ten μ-OH parts, and sixteen chiral organic ligands, (±)-bornyl salicylate. Their chiroptical properties were estimated by circular dichroism (CD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). Their electronic structures were calculated using TD-DFT (B3LYP/6-31G(d)) method. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.31]
Yukon Murakami, Yutaka Kawabe
Europium ions were doped in silica glass matrix with a sol-gel method as well as Al co-dopant. The samples densified at 1050°C showed bright blue emission under UV illuminations. Lifetime of the luminescence was about 1 μs and did not depend on Al concentration, indicating that europium existed as divalent form at proximate positions to aluminum ions. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.51]
Toshinori Matsuoka, Kazuhiro Tada, Toshio Yoshikawa, Yutaka Kawabe
Investigation for the operation mechanism in writing and reading processes are necessary in order to realize practical 3D devices with azo-carbazole dyes which are promising candidates for real-time 3D displays. We made dynamical studies of four-wave mixing and two-beam coupling for dyes 3-[(4-nitrophenyl)azo]-9H-calbazole-9-ethanol (NACzEtOH) and Disperse Red (DR1) doped in a polymer and investigated their dependence on dye concentration. Results indicated the important roles of birefringence on the holographic response and stable but erasable characteristics of the gratings in the azo-carbazole. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.69]
Yuji Hirai, Naoki Yanagi, Masatsugu Shimomura
Oxygen is an indispensable resource for action of humans or autonomous underwater vehicles in water. However, it is limited in the present situation because of a capacity of O2 cylinders. In nature, there are some insects, which utilize superhydrophobic hair structures as physical gills, semipermanently living in water. We focused on this physical gill of the plastron and prepared artificial plastrons by using self-organized honeycomb-patterned films. As result, durable honeycomb-patterned films resisting water pressure were obtained, and O2 transferred from air to water though the films. This phenomenon suggests the honeycomb-patterned films showed possibility of use as artificial plastrons. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.90]
Fumito Aikawa, Kuniharu Utsuno, Yohichiro Kojima
Subject Area: Reaction and Dynamics
Polyethylenimine (PEI) is one of the most effective polymers for non-viral gene delivery; however, the mechanism by which DNA binds to PEI remains unclear. In this study, the reaction rate between DNA and PEI was determined using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The association rate constant was determined as 0.8–1 s–1 mM–1, and the dissociation rate constant was found to be 1–2 ×10–3 s–1. The data obtained from these measurements could be explained using the two-site fitting model. One proposed binding site for the DNA was the PEI; however, the DNA could also have bound directly to the gold surfaces of the sensor devices. Furthermore, the suitability of this two-site model for DNA binding was evaluated in this study. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.99]
Takuya Tanaka, Itsuki Kato, Kento Okoshi
It has been theoretically predicted that spherical particles added to the smectic phase formed by rod-like particles segregate between the smetic layers and significantly enhance the stability of the smectic phase due to an entropic effect based on the steric repulsion between the particles, which is referred to as the depletion effect. In this study, we describe the first experimental verification of the theoretical prediction, in which the binary mixtures of the rod-like polymer, poly[n-decyl-(S)-2-methylbutylsilane] (PDMS), with narrow molecular weight distributions, and a spherical branched alkane, squalane, were investigated by synchrotron radiation small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SR-SAXS and SR-WAXS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) observations and found to reproduce the predicted segregation between the smectic layers. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.121]
Tomohiro Shiraki, Naotoshi Nakashima
The determination of electronic states of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) has been a central issue in nanoscience of carbon nanotubes. We have established an in situ photoluminescence (PL) spectroelectrochemistry to determine the electronic properties of the SWNTs. This review article focuses on the fundamentals of the in situ PL spectroelectrochmical method to determine electrochemical potentials of isolated SWNTs and microenviromental effects on the electronic states of the SWNTs, electronic states of SWNTs with a single chirality, and empirical prediction for the electronic potentials of the SWNTs. Such electronic state determination is important for detailed understanding about fundamental properties of the SWNTs and their applications, especially in electronic device applications of the nanotubes. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.179]
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The Promise of Victory
Are you happy with your life? Do you feel like you've always made the right choices and are proud of everything you've done? If you could turn back the clock, would you do everything the same way? Or maybe you wouldn't mind getting a fresh start or at least a partial reset? Preparing for Rosh HaShanah, the Day of Judgment, involves a great deal of introspection. (If you haven't started yet, now may be a good time!) Naturally, as we...
Battle Strategy
Walking the streets of Israel, one of the most common expressions you'll hear is "B'seder." This is generally equivalent to the way we would say, "OK." However, in Israel, this expression has taken on a panoply of different meanings. "Would you like to meet for coffee at 10?" "B'seder." "How are you feeling today?" "B'seder." "You cut my place in line – that's NOT b'seder." Sometimes someone will even say, "B'seder gamur," which means...
Why Do We Sin?
Yes, it's that time of year again. Elul is upon us, and considering that we are seriously aspiring to engage in teshuvah (return to God), it may be high time to ask this fundamental question. You're probably thinking the simple answer is that we sin because we just don't care, or at least we lack sufficient interest to do what the Torah deems proper. Wrong! Shockingly, Reb Noson says that the majority of our wrongdoing actually comes...
Striking It Rich!
Wealth is something that most people spend their days dreaming about. But how does one actually become wealthy? In 1999 the executive chairman of Google (then the CEO of Novell), Eric Schmidt, said in an interview with Forbes: "Lots of people who are smart and work hard and play by the rules don't have a fraction of what I have." Schmidt acknowledged that the scale of inequality generated by the new wealth "makes me uncomfortable."...
This Way to the Treasure
A man once dreamed that there was a great treasure under a bridge in Vienna. He traveled to Vienna and stood near the bridge, trying to figure out what to do. He did not dare search for the treasure by day, because of the many people who were there. An officer passed by and asked, "What are you doing, standing here and contemplating?" The man decided that it would be best to tell the whole story and ask for help, hoping that [the...
Time to Rebuild
If someone were to curse and totally demean you,wouldn't it seem strange if they told you moments later how great they are going to make you? Well then, take a look at what's going on: First, the prophet Amos informs us that God compares the Jews to Cushites, saying, "Are you not like the children of the Cushites to me, O children of Israel?" (Amos 9:7) Comparing us to Cushites wasn't exactly a compliment. The Cushites...
The New Pathways Devarim
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Top Definition
To be perfect or the act of being perfect. It is native in the Lovatic language and often used to describe Demetria Devonne Lovato. It was actually named after her due to the perfectness she has provided to this world. Imed is Demi spelled backwards.
viết bởi PaoPao 02 Tháng hai, 2014


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Wonders of wireless telegrams, flying machines
Mark the wonderful progress of our modern age in this 20th century: Air flights on heavy machines, telegrams without wires, terrible war inventions to kill our fellow man.
Guns drawn, stones thrown
Revolvers were drawn on Friday June 24, 1910 in a disturbance incident at a strike of the quarrymen employed by the Glens Falls Portland Cement Co. at Glens Falls.
About 50 men, mostly Italians and Syrians, struck for more wages. Some of the men attempted to go to work and were prevented from doing so by the strikers. Deputy Sheriff Hackett drew a revolver on a man who attempted to hit him with a rock and other officers were compelled to draw revolvers when the mob closed in on them.
The trouble was settled when the company agreed to give the men a slight increase in wages.
Riding with the wind
Ed Smith, the popular Adirondack Hotel clerk and W.U. Osborne of Poughkeepsie, who is staying in Warrensburgh at the hotel (now Rite Aid location), enjoyed an auto ride to Schroon Lake and back on Sunday, June 26, 1910, in Senator James Emerson's big touring car. They made the return trip in just over an hour and Ed says there were times the scenery appeared blurred because they were going so fast and he had that empty-in-the-pit of his stomach feeling all the way home.
Driving at night with no lights, lady sent flying
Mrs. Charles Miller, of Minerva, was seriously bruised Monday night, June 27, 1910, when a rig in which she and her husband and their daughter, Mabel were riding, was struck by an automobile driven by Dr. Brush of North Creek. Mrs. Miller was thrown to the ground and was seriously bruised, but no bones were broken.
The accident occurred about midnight at a point near where the road goes along the outskirts of Bank's Woods. The auto struck the wheel of the rig and both the machine and the wagon were wrecked. The car carried no lights, only side lamps and Mr. Miller had no light on his wagon.
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In a surprising move, Kendra Wilkinson has quit ABC's diving competition show Splash, saying she just couldn't overcome her debilitating fear of heights.
On Tuesday night's episode of the surprise hit, the former Playboy playmate — who was paired with extreme skier Rory Bushfield for a synchronized diving challenge — refused to dive off the 23-foot platform, thereby eliminating her from the show.
PHOTOS: Kendra's Great Bikini Body
"I'm so sorry, everybody," Wilkinson, 27, said, as her voice cracked with emotion. "This is the first time in my life I've quit something. This will haunt me for the rest of my life."
In a post later on Twitter, the blonde beauty added, "Damn I got a lot of hate tonight but ill (sic) take it. Big mistake signing up for the show. Sorry I let you all down."
PHOTOS: Kendra's 10 Sexiest Snapshots
With Kendra out, Louie Anderson and Kareem Abdul Jabbar remain at the bottom of the leader board.
The seven remaining contestants dive again on Splash next Tuesday at 8/7c on ABC.


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Our Members Say
- nickandchris
- Reviews: 2165
High Laning Farm Camp Site: Very popular
We didn't stay on this site but it was certainly popular. We could see it from where we were staying and it filled up over the weekend.
There appears to be two pitching areas, one behind the farm, where proper facilities exist and at least two large fields on the other side of the road. There were a couple of port-a-loos in these fields and nothing else.
The site seemed to cater mainly for tent campers although there was the odd caravan and motorhome.
Nicely located, although on the main road into the village, the site has pleasant views of the surrounding fells.
The site's own website does not appear to work at present.
It must have something, going on it's popularity!! I guess just it's location in a pretty village with two pubs within easy staggering distance. Also popular with cyclists and motorcyclists and Dent is on the Daleswaylong distance footpath.
- nickandchris
- Reviews: 2165
Mill Beck Certificated Site.: Great Location, Not So Great Price.....!!
We were pleased to see the inclusion of this site (5 units only) in the Camping and Caravanning Club, as Dent was somewhere we weren't very familiar with. The price quoted in the Club's handbook was £6 - £7 a night.
Upon arrival, we were amazed to find it empty, in such a lovely location. Our hostess met us and that's when things went wrong. We were charged £6 each per night, doubling the quoted price. Needless to say, we were not happy bunnies. We tried explaining club rules meant a nightly fee should be inclusive for a family of four and a caravan/motorhome/tent. The site owner would have none of this so our only option was to pay up as we didn't want to have to move onto the commercial site. I did write a letter to the Camping Club about the situation and am presently awaiting a reply.
0.8 acres of sloping field, a tap, chemical disposal and a port-a-loo. On the main road so noisy until night time. Nice views of surrounding countryside. Close to the village and it's shop, cafes and pubs.
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11 October 2013 03:44 [Source: ICIS news]
SINGAPORE (ICIS)--Japan's Mitsubishi Chemical will carry out maintenance at its 489,000 tonne/year No 2 naphtha cracker at Kashima in May-June 2014, said a source close to the company on Friday.
Separately, its 392,000 tonne/year No 1 cracker at the same site would be mothballed from May next year, the source said.
Mitsubishi Chemical also operates a third cracker in Mizushima with an annual capacity of 500,000 tonnes/year.
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Asian Chemical Connections


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6th Aug 2014, Auntec has updated the ios data recovery software, iFonebox to 126.96.36.199, which could help Apple users to recover lost photos, messages, contacts,notes, etc, has added the function of transfer contacts back to iPhone in the updated version 188.8.131.52.
"I accidentally deleted one of the contact of my friends when I edit it. Is there any way to find back lthe deleted contact and transfer them back to my iPhone? I am using iPhone 5 and the ios version is 7.1.Thank you in advance for your help."
Losing iPhone Contacts may be a common accident happened in our daily life. Are you feel painful when you lost these important contacts? Do you want to recover contacts back to iPhone?
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text:
Offer - Pizza Express 8" American 250g
4 days guaranteed (avg. 6)*
Product Description
At Pizza Express, we've always been inspired by art from individual menu designs that change with the seasons to our Chiswick restaurant where you'll see 26 original works by Peter Blake - pop artist and Pizza Express fan.
50 years on, you can enjoy our best ever Classic pizzas at home, with simple, fresh ingredients on our signature base. The Classic has all the qualities of our original restaurant pizza, which hasn't changed since 1965.
All it needs now is to be cooked to perfection.
Antenor Siqueira
Head Pizzaiolo
Why not try our famous dough balls.
The perfect finishing touch for a PizzaExpress night in.
Product Information
- Brands: Pizza Express
- Options: On Offer
Pizza Express
Keep Refrigerated; Suitable for Home Freezing
Cooking Instructions - General. For best results cook from chilled.; Oven cook - From Chilled. 1. Preheat your oven to 200°C.
2. Remove all packaging including base disc. Even out the toppings and drizzle around a teaspoon of oil to make it go crispy without drying out. In the restaurant we use garlic oil, but you can use olive oil if you prefer.
3. Put your pizza on the top shelf of the oven, with a tray on the shelf below, i.e. not directly on a solid baking tray.
4. When ready, the cheese will be golden brown and the base nice and crispy all the way to the centre.
5. Remove carefully from oven when cooked.
6. Do not reheat.
220°C 8-10 mins, Fan 200°C 8-10 mins, Gas 7 8-10 mins.; Oven cook - From Frozen. 1. Preheat your oven to 200°C.
2. Remove all packaging including base disc. Even out the toppings and drizzle around a teaspoon of oil to make it go crispy without drying out. In the restaurant we use garlic oil, but you can use olive oil if you prefer.
3. Put your pizza on the top shelf of the oven, with a tray on the shelf below, i.e. not directly on a solid baking tray.
4. When ready, the cheese will be golden brown and the base nice and crispy all the way to the centre.
5. Remove carefully from oven when cooked.
6. Do not reheat.
220°C 14-16 mins, Fan 180°C 14-16 mins, Gas 6 16-18 mins.
Preparation and Usage
Cook it our way
1. Prepare your pizza. Remove all packaging including base disc.
Even out the toppings.
2. Hot and fast. Put your pizza on the top shelf of the oven, once the oven has reached 200°C. Ideally use a preheated pizza stone or a pizza pan with holes in the base. It is fine to put it directly on the oven rack, but never on a solid baking tray.
3. Is it ready? Cook for 8-10 minutes. The cheese will have gone golden brown and the base nice and crispy all the way to the centre.
Eat it your way
In our restaurants you can have pizzas exactly how you want them.
Many people like to add freshly ground black pepper, but here are some other ideas.
Feel like some salad?
Scatter over some fresh rocket after cooking.
Love Parmesan?
Grate or shave over some fresh Parmesan after cooking.
A little hotter?
After cooking crumble over some dried pepperoncini chilli flakes or finely sliced fresh chilli.
Country of Origin
United Kingdom
Country of Packing
5th Floor,
2 Balcombe Street,
Package Type
Recycling Information
Base - Not Recyclable; Film - Not Recyclable; Packing - Recyclable
Allergy Advice: For allergens see highlighted ingredients
Fortified Wheat Flour (Wheat Flour, Calcium Carbonate, Iron, Niacin, Thiamin), Tomatoes (24%), Mozzarella Cheese (17%) (Milk), Pepperoni (10%) (Pork, Pork Fat, Caraway, Salt, Preservative Sodium Nitrite, Dextrose, Paprika Extract, Glucose, Rosemary Extract, Antioxidant Sodium Ascorbate, Coriander, Garlic), Rapeseed Oil, Wheat Semolina, Water, Salt, Yeast, Sugar, Black Pepper, Oregano, Wheat Flour, Dextrose, Emulsifier E472e, Basil, White Pepper, Flour Treatment Agent Ascorbic Acid, This pizza is Nut free & produced in an environment without Tree Nuts and Peanuts
Nutritional Data
|Typical Values
|as prepared Per 100g
|as prepared Per 1/2 Pizza
|of which saturates
|of which sugars
Customer Reviews
25 August 2014
4 of 5 found this review helpful.
These pizzas have seriously gone down hill! They are million miles away from the restaurant and take out pizzas. We used to love these pizzas and the manufacturers have now removed half the toppings and replaced with an excessive sprinkling of herbs to compensate. I definitely won't be buying again.
20 August 2014
4 of 5 found this review helpful.
Don't bother with this
The manufacturers obviously don't care about quality so don't waste your time buying it. Used to be a good stand-by staple but quality has plunged to worse than take away quality.
25 November 2013
1 of 2 found this review helpful.
great freezer standby
Best of bunch in terms of calories and taste - my family enjoys these
28 September 2013
2 of 3 found this review helpful.
Poorest excuse for a pizza
Pizzas should have toppings. This is a spartan, sorry excuse for a pizza. Its all very well being cheap, but this is basically frozen bread with a bit of tomato sauce on it. Awful.
03 August 2013
1 of 2 found this review helpful.
nothing special
not worth the price - nothing special at all
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text: 1860 Colt Army [Archive] - Glock Talk Glock Talk > Firearms Forums > General Firearms Forum > 1860 Colt Army PDA View Full Version : 1860 Colt Army jb191101-25-2012, 21:06My dream is to own a repro of an 1860 Colt Army that shoots .45 long colt ammo. Is there such a thing? Is this the right place to ask? TN.Frank01-25-2012, 21:21You can get a ctg. convert or you can get a ctg. convert kit from Midway USA and retrofit your '60 Army. DPris01-25-2012, 21:31If you do go that route, understand it'll be a relatively (I said RELATIVELY) weak setup that should only be fired with light .45 Colt loads. Denis MajorD01-26-2012, 08:16some of the italian makers are making a cartridge conversion 1860 army. As mentioned above there are also conversion cylinders that allow your percussion 1860 army to shott 45 colt ammo. I'll agree this set up should be used with mild "cowboy" load ammo or black powder only. Three-Five-Seven01-26-2012, 09:02http://www.taylorsfirearmsstore.com/open_top.htm http://www.taylorsfirearmsstore.com/media/1872Open_Top4.jpg TN.Frank01-26-2012, 10:25EMF also has open tops for sale. Look em' up. :cool: jb191101-27-2012, 07:01All good advice, thanks guys. vBulletin® v3.8.7, Copyright ©2000-2015, vBulletin Solutions, Inc.


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Tomato and Olive Vinaigrette
Community Recipe from
- 8 ounce(s) tomatoes skinned, seeded, chopped
- 3 ounce(s) black olives pitted and chopped
- 1 clove(s) garlic crushed
- 4 ounce(s) olive oil
- 1 tablespoon(s) lemon juice
- 1 tablespoon(s) white wine vinegar
- 1 teaspoon(s) grain mustard
- 1 tablespoon(s) chervil or flat-leaf parsley chopped
- 1 rock salt crushed
- 1. crush garlic with rock salt
- 2. add mustard, vinegar, lemon juice, olive oil and black pepper and whisk
- 3. 30 minutes before serving, add tomatoes, oilves and chervil or parsley
January 2012
This recipe is a personal recipe added by dbadger and has not been tested or endorsed by MyRecipes.
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It is a super simple app to help friends track shared expenses and bills, on the web, or on the go.
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BillPin was founded by Darius Cheung, founder and CEO of tenCube Wavesecure (acquired by McAfee).


text:
Water and sewer services in marginalized and underserved communities.
I find the article titled "Use of Community-Owned and -Managed Research to Assess the Vulnerability of Water and Sewer Services in Marginalized and Underserved Environmental Justice Communities" (JEH, 74 [1], July/August 2011) interesting in that it uses race as a scientific adjunct to a common rural or semi-urbanized American situation.
As unfortunate as it is to not have municipal services, it is a fact of life that such services cannot be extended to all areas of a given community, even if they are on the outskirts of a municipality that has such services. The reason, as many of us know, is the cost of such services. Regardless of color, such areas exist in all states and in many communities.
To use statements such as "descendants of slaves" should not be a part of a scientific study that is used to focus on "racism." The fact that such services are unaffordable to a group of people does not make it racist, and any and all such statements appear to be a matter of personal subjectivity of the researcher(s).
I recently moved into a rural area, not far from a municipality that has all of the typical city services, yet until recently we did not have municipal water (or sewer/gas, cable, etc.), and the groundwater is unbearable. Even my Labrador refused to drink it. Yet people lived in these areas for decades, hauling in drinking water, as they do in much of this area.
Recent municipal water became a matter of residents requesting such services from the municipality servicing the area. It took residents petitioning the local governmental unit. Engineering studies were then performed along with a cost analysis. Then residents, once armed with all the necessary information, voted on the project. A majority (51%) was needed to vote in the project. Most of you reading this letter know the procedure.
When I hear statements like "Environmental Justice," I think of more entitlements without any local citizen financial input. Our particular water extension project cost each resident over $7,000, which could be spread over a number of years for payoff.
The fact the some people reside in areas that may have landfills, heavily trafficked areas, etc., as stated in the article, can once again fit in most any community of people of all color. It often means cheaper land and lower taxes.
This is not a matter of "denial" of such services, but rather a matter of the community either not being able to afford them, or not petitioning for such services. Instead of extending these services, why does the community not focus on fixing what they already have? We cannot extend services without some compensation. Someone has to pay for it. But to state it is "racism" is unfounded and a ploy to get the government to service communities without any compensation.
It is unfortunate that everyone cannot have all the modern services that are available to certain areas of a community, but it is also a matter of "doing with what you have," or working to improve it through however you can afford. Joplin, Missouri, residents are a prime recent example of community support, where a devastating tornado recently imploded a once viable community. No one was crying for the federal government to come in and save them; they are doing it themselves through donations, community support, and little government assistance.
We all cannot have everything for doing nothing. It takes the hard work of citizens, and a matter of self-reliance to grow a community and keep it safe.
Chuck Lichon, RS, MPH
Linwood, MI
The Authors Respond
Institutional Racism: A Teachable Moment
Dear Editor:
We thank the letter writer, Chuck Lichon, RS, MPH, for raising his questions and appreciate the opportunity to give more background on our recent feature article, "Use of Community-Owned and--Managed Research to Assess the Vulnerability of Water and Sewer Services in Marginalized and Underserved Environmental Justice Communities." In our response, our primary focus is on broader systems of institutional racism that lead to discrimination and environmental injustice. We hope that our response will provide the readership of JEH a teachable moment on the forms of institutional racism and discrimination that still produce barriers to minimum quality of life standards for low-income, minority, and tribal populations.
It is unfortunate that in 2011, with President Barack Obama serving as the first elected African-American leader of the "free world," many continue to profess the notion that race, class, income, and politics have nothing to do with inequities in access to basic amenities (e.g., clean air, safe drinking water, and toxic-free soil), and public health protections. In addition, we are very aware that despite empirical evidence, some of our more educated colleagues and powerful government officials, scientists, educators, and religious leaders continue to infuse their public opinions with revisionist denials of racism and economic discrimination.
Although some believe it is not scientific to frankly acknowledge the past, we contend that it is a prerequisite for science. Our JEH article is grounded in the socioeconomic contexts of three communities of color in the previously small textile mill town of Mebane, North Carolina. The city of Mebane straddles both Alamance County and Orange County and has a current population of less than 10,000. The three target communities are 85% to 95% African-American with a mixture of Native American heritage that predates the end of slavery in 1865. The generations of families of color, churches--with cornerstones struck as early as 1868--and segregated cemeteries are all legacies of Jim Crow; yet some would believe these taxpaying citizens chose to be segregated and preferred drinking contaminated water while their fellow citizens received the benefits of municipal drinking water, sewer services, and paved streets. On the contrary, after years working side by side with people of all colors concerned about the survival of these communities, we believe our article provides a more rational explanation.
Two of the co-authors of this paper, Omega Wilson and Marilyn Snipes, were born and raised in Mebane. They are both descendants of former slaves and Native Americans and co-founders of the West End Revitalization Association (WERA). WERA was incorporated as a 501c3 nonprofit in 1995, and it serves as Mebane's first U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) "community-based environmental protection model" organization. It has led efforts in African-American communities to stop racial discrimination and adverse effects associated with leaking underground storage tanks, unpaved streets, contaminated drinking water, failed backyard septic systems, and landfills (Wilson, Bumpass, Wilson, & Snipes, 2008).
The communities WERA represents emerged out the "reconstruction period" after the Civil War, when those freed slaves and displaced Native Americans were forced to settle in South African-type "hostels" on the least desirable land. WERA communities began as buffers between whites and the town dump, discarded mill and factory waste, sewage pits, aboveground piles of dead farm animals, and an eight-acre pit used to mine soil for brick making. This pattern continued from the beginning, past 1920 when Mebane placed the public landfill and sewage treatment plant in one of these communities, through the era of legalized discrimination.
In February 1999, WERA filed administrative complaints under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Environmental Justice Executive Order 12898 of 1994 at the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ), when local, state, and federal government agencies had planned construction of the Highway 119 bypass/interstate for 16 years without public input. The four-lane highway, in an eight-lane corridor, would have destroyed homes and churches in two of the historic communities that had been denied access to basic municipal drinking water and sewer services (Wilson, Bumpass, Wilson, & Snipes, 2008). At the time, officials from DOJ described WERA communities as suffering from "patterns of historic discrimination" that denied access to "basic amenities." WERA's DOJ complaints were renewed in February 2010 and are currently under "jurisdictional review" at DOJ and U.S. EPA's Office of Civil Rights in Washington, DC.
The African-Americans in WERA communities have been requesting access to services for years. One of the most glaring examples of blatant racial discrimination in this case happened after WERA went above the city for help. In 2000, the North Carolina Department of Transportation and Department of Environment and Natural Resources set aside over $5 million for the installation of first-time municipal drinking water and sewer collection lines where failed backyard septic systems and outhouses of 134 homes contaminated community ditches and streams with sewage and E. coli. Local government officials repeatedly refused to sign contracts for these state and federal dollars because the money was earmarked to reduce public health disparities in low-income minority communities targeted for destruction by the planned highway corridor--a transportation project planned and supported by city and county governments for three decades. The U.S. Department of Transportation placed the highway project on moratorium after WERA filed the DOJ complaint to prevent it from destroying two of Mebane's minority communities that faced decades of adverse and disproportionate impacts.
From the beginning, WERA has been proactive and patient in efforts to work with the city of Mebane and county governments. WERA's collaborative legal, public health, university, foundation, and government partners have worked to pursue and leverage millions in block grants and local government matching funds to install first-time sewer and safe drinking water services, pave dirt streets, and remove underground storage tanks leaking petroleum as well as toxic benzenes and xylenes (Wilson, Bumpass, Wilson, & Snipes, 2008). Since 2000, Omega, Marilyn, and other members of WERA's board and staff including co-author Natasha Bumpass, who served as WERA's communications manager and field/office research assistant via AmeriCorps VISTA, have worked very closely with Drs. Chris Heaney, John Cooper, and Sacoby Wilson on a series of community-led research studies. These efforts focused on documenting out-of-compliance infrastructure, contaminated drinking well water, contaminated municipal water, and pollution in surface water at levels over 300 times U.S. EPA Clean Water Act guidelines. In 2000, the city of Mebane intentionally installed sewer lines for future taxpayers while ignoring taxpaying residents of WERA communities. In 2003, WERA research documented the actions of the city of Mebane, which provided sewer line connections for new high-income white subdivisions, bypassing dozens of contiguous African-American homes that had been there for decades--some only two to three blocks from Mebane's newly upgraded and federally funded waste water treatment facility.
The financial responsibility of officials for public expenditures is an old argument in cases of environmental injustice and parallels arguments made against antidiscrimination policies: the most expedient and cheapest option for those who control government and industry is to deny services to, and dump on, the same people as always because their land is worth less and they don't have political power. Environmental racism/injustice saves money for some officials by creating burdens on the poor and people of color. That is institutionalized, that is the way the system often works.
Our efforts to raise awareness about these issues have resulted in publications in scientific journals (Heaney, Wilson, & Wilson, 2007; Wilson, Cooper, Heaney, & Wilson, 2008; Wilson, Heaney, Wilson, & Cooper, 2007; Wilson, Wilson, Heaney, & Cooper, 2008) and garnered invitations from national and international organizations. Omega has supported other communities around the country. His knowledge of how to build and manage collaborative partnerships resulted in an invitation to serve as a "community perspective" member of U.S. EPA's National Environmental Justice Advisory Council (NEJAC) during 2007-2010, providing input on interagency policy and compliance for air, water, and soil in low-income minority communities and tribal areas throughout the United States. Omega was the lead writer for the "Community Facilitated Strategies" section of NEJAC's Goods Movement Recommendations (involving air, maritime, and rail ports and highway corridors) that adversely affect low-income minority communities and tribal areas (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010). The Obama-Biden transition team also requested Omega's input on December 16, 2008, to present 10 environmental justice policy priorities to incoming staffers of President-elect Barack Obama's administration, focusing on interagency actions to reduce or eliminate environmental contaminants and health care disparities, improve enforcement of health statutes, and generate new preventive efforts (Wilson, 2008). There is still work to do on expanding the consciousness of ethnically diverse audiences of policymakers, educators, health professionals, and the public.
A broader application of quantitative as well as qualitative methods of scientific research is paramount to improving the quality of life in low-income minority communities and tribal areas and to removing the intellectual and institutional grip of old South cultural and racial legacies of "states' rights" over federal statutes. The co-authors believe that collaborative problem-solving partnerships must move from research, to advocacy, and to activism to translate scientific information and knowledge about institutional racism and health disparities into effective strategies to eliminate environmental and public health hazards. This activism is also needed to dispel the myth that communities should be expected to pull themselves up by their bootstraps in the midst of a severe environmental crisis. An encouragement of the people of color in Mebane to be more self-reliant like the citizens of Joplin, Missouri, is misguided, as Missourians affected by the severe storms, tornadoes, and flooding had received $77 million in federal relief as of August 31, 2011 (Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2011).
The points raised in the letter to the editor closely parallel public comments expressed by Mebane's city council when WERA filed Title VI and environmental justice complaints nearly 13 years ago. Some may not be aware that starting this summer, President Obama's administration has secured the commitment for 18 branches of the federal government to sign a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to include environmental justice guidelines in their operating procedures (U.S. Department of Justice, 2011). One of WERA's attorneys led the drafting of the MOU. Many still deny, however, that institutional racism is a significant factor in providing access and financial resources necessary to reduce and eliminate legacies of discrimination and segregation.
Our response to the letter to the editor reflects the public and private scientific positions of many in the public health field as the North Carolina Medical Journal, with a circulation of over 30,000, invited Omega Wilson to write a commentary, published in May 2011, entitled "Lack of Basic Amenities: Indicators of Health Disparities in Low-Income Minority Communities and Tribal Areas (Wilson, 2011)." We are encouraged that the JEH has joined the North Carolina Medical Journal, WERA's collaborative partners, and President Obama's administration to help expand the discussions about broad systems that perpetuate environmental injustice and innovative and proactive efforts that can address racial and economics disparities in public health policies.
Omega Wilson, MA
Christopher D. Heaney, MS, PhD
Marilyn Snipes
Natasha Bumpass
John Cooper, PhD
Sacoby Wilson, MS, PhD
Federal Emergency Management Agency. (2011). Federal disaster grants, loans in Missouri top $77 million. Retrieved from http:// www.fema.gov/news/newsrelease.fema?id=57550
Heaney, C.D., Wilson, S.M., & Wilson, O.R. (2007). The West End Revitalization Association's community-owned and managed research model: Development, implementation, and action. [Theory and Methods]. Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action, 1(4), 339-349.
U.S. Department of Justice. (2011). President Barack Obama's memorandum of understanding on environmental justice and executive order 12898. Retrieved from http://www.justice.gov/crt/ about/cor/TitleVI/080411_EJ_MOU_EO_12898.pdf
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2010). EPAs response to the National Environmental Justice Advisory Council Report: Reducing air emissions associated with goods movement: Working toward environmental justice. Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/ environmentaljustice/resources/publications/nejac/nejacmtg/ nejac-meeting-trans-072810.pdf
Wilson, O.R. (2008, December 16). Environmental justice: Priorities, recommendations, and policy concerns. Presented at Environmental Justice Forum, Obama-Biden Transition Team, Washington, DC.
Wilson, O.R. (2011). Lack of basic amenities: Indicators of health disparities in low-income minority communities and tribal areas. North Carolina Medical Journal, 72(2), 145-148.
Wilson, O.R., Bumpass, N.G., Wilson, O.M., & Snipes, M.H. (2008). The West End Revitalization Association (WERA)'s right to basic amenities movement: Voice and language of ownership and management of public health solutions in Mebane, North Carolina. Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action, 2(3), 237-243.
Wilson, S.M., Cooper, J., Heaney, C.D., & Wilson, O.R. (2008). Built environment issues in unserved and underserved African-American neighborhoods in North Carolina. Environmental Justice, 1(2), 63-72.
Wilson, S.M., Heaney, C.D., Wilson, O.R., & Cooper, J. (2007). Use of EPA collaborative problem-solving model to obtain environmental justice in North Carolina. Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action, 1(4), 327-337.
Wilson, S.M., Wilson, O.R., Heaney, C.D., & Cooper, J. (2008). Community-driven environmental protection: Reducing the P.A.I.N. of the built environment in low-income African-American communities in North Carolina. Social Justice in Context, 3, 41-57.
Reader Opinion
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|Lichon, Chuck
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BOISE A Special Olympics team from Moscow may have to miss the 2014 State Winter Games in Sun Valley in two weeks after someone broke into a storage unit and stole their sports equipment.
Moscow Rebels head coach Elizabeth King discovered the theft Saturday morning. She said the team has been training hard all season and this is a crushing blow. They had just returned from a regional competition and were excited for the state games which start on Feb. 28.
Anytime crime affects our community it is a loss, but this was a devastating blow for our athletes, said Special Olympics Idaho's Director of Sports and Training Opey Freedle. After all the hard work put into training for State Games, it's a tragedy that this team may miss out on the chance to showcase their skills and abilities, and compete for the Gold at State. The answer is up to the community now. We will do what we can on our end to make sure they get the chance to compete. But we'll need help to get them there.
The Moscow Rebels have already accepted donations of money and equipment from three other teams. However, they still need support from the community.
They are in need of snowshoe and Nordic ski equipment. If they can t borrow the gear, then they hope to rent it for the state games.
If you would like to assist the team in renting equipment for the 2014 State Winter Games in Sun Valley, or would like to donate snowshoes or skiing equipment, please contact Pam Lisenbe, Special Olympics Northern Idaho Regional Director, at 208-659-0172 or email email@example.com.
If you have any information concerning the theft of the Moscow Rebels sports equipment, please contact the Moscow Police Department at 208-882-2677.


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«See all threads (in General Discussions)
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DX.com now accepting WebMoney payment
Thursday, November 29, 2012 1:48 AM ReplyDear Valued Members,
Thank you for your continued support on dx.com
Great news! DX customers can pay for purchases using electronic payments via WebMoney.
Webmoney is a well known secure electronic money and online payment system which provides service worldwide and is a capable alternative in countries where payment using PayPal is not available.
How to use the new service
1. Log in to your Webmoney account. If you still don't have it, create one by following the steps here.
2. Add funds to your WMZ purse.
3. Select products at DX and add to shopping cart.
4. Choose WebMoney at checkout for your order.
When paying for orders from DX, the required unit of measure is the US dollar. When making payment, electronic purse money is automatically converted at the rate set by the WebMoney system.
You can get direct WebMoney refund from DX within 7 days after submitting your request. But according to WebMoney policy, if you cancel your order, WebMoney will not refund the handle fee charged by your purchase.
To learn more about how to use the new service, click here.
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DX Support Service is always ready to answer your questions about the new payment system.
DX TeamPosts(205) | Reviews | Tip post
LAL edited thread settings on 4/3/2013 at 9:02 PM
Thursday, November 29, 2012 5:13 AM ReplyThis sounds good. Will any items be purchasable again using WebMoney that were banned by Paypal? For example, crossbows.DX's Affiliate Program is broken again.
Thursday, November 29, 2012 12:45 PM ReplyWould make things complicated to do that. And you could purchase with credit card without PP intervention and it wasn't possible either,right?
WebMoney transactions do not require a credit card or bank account, are final, and cannot be retracted. This is similar to Bitcoin, e-gold and cash and in contrast to credit card and PayPal transactions.
No more disputes :D
EDIT: someone posted herespam) afterwards,but he was right, that payment option works for me ;) (Probably only Sheepish if subscribed and suppsosedly the mod who removed it would get this joke :p)unhappy and grumpy about DX
Posts(6745) | Reviews | Tip post
post edited by Voriki on 12/1/2012 at 4:42 PM
Sunday, December 02, 2012 9:14 PM Reply@sheepish, WebMoney has no restrictions on purchasing DX products.Posts(205) | Reviews | Tip post
post edited by DealExtremePR on 12/2/2012 at 9:16 PM
Sunday, December 02, 2012 9:15 PM ReplyThere are items on DX you can't pay with paypal? (but are able to be purchased through credit card and webmoney now)
Or what other restrictions are we talking about?
You can get direct WebMoney refund from DX within 7 days after submitting your request. But according to WebMoney policy, if you cancel your order, WebMoney will not refund the handle fee charged by your purchase.
This also means that DX has to get confirmation from the customer before thye automaticly cancel outstanding orders,and offer the choice for Store Credit! Otherwise a customer can lose money because DX cancels.unhappy and grumpy about DX
Posts(6745) | Reviews | Tip post
post edited by Voriki on 12/2/2012 at 9:18 PM
Sunday, December 02, 2012 10:31 PM ReplyThis also means that DX has to get confirmation from the customer before they automatically cancel outstanding orders, and offer the choice for Store Credit! Otherwise a customer can lose money because DX cancels.
That is important. WebMoney orders should not be automatically cancelled.DX's Affiliate Program is broken again.
Monday, December 03, 2012 12:18 AM ReplyYes, we have noticed it while adding Webmoney as our payment method. We will find a better way to process Webmoney orders. As soon as we have update on it, we will keep you guys posted.
Monday, December 03, 2012 12:21 AM ReplyThank you Tiffany
It is very good that DX expands it's forms of payments and it's fantastic that DX is quite clear about the potential disadvantages for the clients.
I just hope that this isn't an indication that Paypal is breathing too much in your necks so that DX is required to look for other payment options.unhappy and grumpy about DX
Wednesday, December 12, 2012 10:56 PM Replyabout this payment metthod thing..... maybe it's for the best. btw, paypal have too much restrictions and rules. can't do this, can't do that. i often read about someone who have to fight for their money because paypal decided to hold balances and even closing accounts with some lame and unbased excuses. paypal suck..... big time
Friday, December 14, 2012 10:06 PM ReplyI have not tried it yet, but I noticed just now when placing an order, that the text around the WebMoney button is in Greek or Russian or something. That kind of thing discourages me. I don't like pressing buttons where I am unable to read what it says either on the button or right next to it. Since the rest of my checkout page is in English, I would assume that the WebMoney button should be being displayed to me in English also.
DX stealing?
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