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The Isley Brothers are a Grammy-winning American R&B/soul group. They are one of the few groups to have long-running success on the Billboard charts placing a charted single in every decade since 1959 and as of 2006 was still charting successful albums performing under a repertoire of doo-wop, R&B, rock 'n' roll, soul, funk, disco, urban adult contemporary and hip-hop soul in the last six decades. The group has had a variation of lineups, ranging from a quartet to a trio to a sextet to finally a duo.
Signing with Wand Records in 1962, the group scored their first top forty single, "Twist & Shout", an uptempo rock single originally recorded in a calypso production by the Top Notes. The Isleys' version, which had a more rock flavor, influenced many groups including The Beatles, who would record the single the following year finding huge success before the group moved on to record their own compositions. After several more releases, the group left Wand Records in 1964 and formed T-Neck Records after moving to New Jersey. Finding only local success with the single "Testify", recorded with a young Jimi Hendrix on guitar, the group temporarily folded T-Neck and signed with Motown's Tamla imprint in 1965. The following year's "This Old Heart of Mine (Is Weak for You)" gave the group their biggest success yet on the American Billboard chart reaching number twelve on the Hot 100 and number six R&B. Much like their earlier tenures in other labels, the Isleys couldn't come up with a follow-up and complaining of being given "leftover tracks" from the label's staff songwriters such as Smokey Robinson and Holland-Dozier-Holland, they asked to be let go of their contract in 1968.
Upon separating from Motown, the group discovered that they had a huge following in England where three of their Motown singles had reached the top forty (among them included "This Old Heart", "Put Yourself in My Place" and "Behind a Painted Smile"). Touring in the UK that year, they returned to the US with a new image and sound. Signing with Buddah Records, the group recorded the gritty soul single, "It's Your Thing", a noted departure from their earlier recordings and showcasing a more independent sound in addition to featuring younger brother Ernie on bass, it was released under the group's revived T-Neck label and eventually rose to number 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 becoming their biggest charted success selling over a million copies and winning the group a Grammy Award for Best R&B Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group. The success of "It's Your Thing" reportedly irked Motown CEO Berry Gordy who had agreed to let the band leave Motown in 1968 and Gordy began making accusations that "It's Your Thing" was recorded while they were still in Motown, which the group denied. After several years, Gordy settled with the group out of court. The group released a succession of seven albums for Buddah which ranged from uptempo James Brown/Sly Stone-styled funk/soul and classic rock realized after the band released the covers album, Givin' It Back, which featured revisions of rock hits by WAR ("Spill the Wine") and Stephen Stills (their cover of "Love The One You're With" was a top forty hit for the group) and even their former band mate Jimi Hendrix ("Machine Gun"). After releasing the rock-tinged Brother, Brother, Brother and a live album, the group left Buddah after being offered a long term deal with Epic by Clive Davis, then president of CBS Records.
Around the same time, Ron reformed the Isley Brothers with Ernie and Marvin returning to the lineup to record the album, Tracks of Life, in 1992. That same year, the group was inducted to the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame. In 1996, the group released their first hit album in years with Mission to Please, boosted significantly because of lead singer Ron Isley's music video character, "Mr. Biggs", created by frequent collaborator, hip-hop/R&B singer R. Kelly, who first used Isley in the 1996 single for his hit, "Down Low". The character would dominate much of the group's later recordings and helped to gain the group a brand new audience. The group - now enlisted of Ron and Ernie - would top that success with their biggest-selling release, 2001's Eternal, which featured their biggest hit single in over twenty years with "Contagious", a song written by Kelly who recorded it as Mr. Biggs' answer to "Down Low". The single and its heavily rotated video returned the Isley Brothers to the top of the music chart. Eternal eventually sold more than two million copies. With "Contagious" and Eternal, they had become the only group to have a single and album chart in over five decades longer than any group in recording history (42 years). They stretched their streak with 2003's gold-certified Body Kiss, which was their first number-one charted album in nearly thirty years since The Heat Is On, and their first to debut at number-one, and which featured the top fifty single, "What Would You Do", and 2006's Baby Makin' Music, which peaked at number five on the Billboard 200.
But the Isleys haven't been without struggle. In the years since their comeback to the music charts in 1996, Marvin Isley retired in 1997 due to a bout with diabetes which have since amputated both his legs. Rudolph "Rudy" Isley has had health problems over the years but has said his faith in God has kept him alive, he currently lives in California with Elaine Jasper Isley, his wife of over forty years. Chris Jasper has recorded sporadically over the years since the split of Isley-Jasper-Isley in 1988. Ernie Isley is currently working on his first solo album in nearly twenty years after the release of 1990's High Wire. The most supported and famous of the group, Ron Isley, has also suffered hard times, recently convicted of tax evasion charges in 2006 after he was accused of not paying back taxes between 1997 and 2002, giving band mates cash rather than taking the money to cash a check, and using money from his late brother Kelly's estate to continue his "expensive lifestyle". After quietly divorcing Winbush in 2002, Ron married for a third time to his backup singer Kandy Johnson, formerly of the group JS, and became a father again in 2006. He also has a daughter from a previous marriage. In 2004, the singer suffered a mild stroke during a touring schedule in London. During his court case, it was revealed Isley, now 66, has kidney cancer and failing organs. Isley's lawyers have tried pleading with the judge to give leniency to the singer, who was sentenced to serve 37 months (at least three years) in prison but have been denied. Isley is currently serving his sentence and will be released on a tentative date of April 2010. The Isley Brothers were inducted to the Vocal Group Hall of Fame in 2003. They released their first Christmas album, I'll Be Home For Christmas, in 2007 on their second release with Island Def Jam.


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"We are very gratified with the positive outcome and clear feedback from the FDA at our End-of-Phase 2 meetings," commented Barry D. Quart, PharmD, Ardea's president and chief executive officer. "We were also very pleased to have recently initiated our allopurinol interventional trial, as it is an important first step in the efficient and effective conduct of our overall Phase 3 program for lesinurad. It should help expedite overall enrollment in the main portion of our Phase 3 program by enabling us to identify ahead of time eligible patients to participate in our studies."
About Hyperuricemia and Gout
Gout is a painful, debilitating and progressive disease caused by abnormally elevated levels of uric acid in the blood stream. This leads to the deposition of painful, needle-like uric acid crystals in and around the connective tissue of the joints and in the kidneys, resulting in inflammation, the formation of disfiguring nodules, intermittent attacks of severe pain and kidney damage. In addition, evidence suggests that the chronic elevation of uric acid associated with gout, known as hyperuricemia, may also have systemic consequences, including an increased risk for kidney dysfunction and cardiovascular disease.
In 2008, approximately 8.3 million patients in the U.S., 9 million patients in the European Union and 2.9 million patients in Japan had been diagnosed with gout. Gout is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis in men over the age of 40 and represents a significant unmet medical n
|SOURCE Ardea Biosciences, Inc.
Copyright©2010 PR Newswire.
All rights reserved

subset: commoncrawl


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Tevon Rease - Notions
Artist: Tevon Rease
Producer: Ric and Thaddeus
Album: TBD
Avg Rating: 4.0 ( 4 votes )
Hip-hop and fashion have always been good friends. The music is the most important part of the movement, but there is a larger culture, and artists like Tevon Rease are bridging the gap. His Booth debut, Notions, (which is also a Booth-exclusive world premiere) is presented by Fred Lozano's Cleveland-based streetwear brand, rêver(cœur); Lozano even contributed the artwork. As for the song itself, it, too, is a work of art. Ric and Thaddeus's unique production, which fuses an ambient fog with some cutting, trap-inspired drums, is the perfect backdrop for Rease's powerful rhymes. The punching drums really accentuate his cutting, brash flow. Notions will appear on a forthcoming, currently-untitled mixtape, due out in early May, so check back with The DJBooth soon for more info.
Written by Lucas G. on Mar 17, 2014
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Cologne University of Applied Sciences
|Cologne University of Applied Sciences
|Fachhochschule Köln
Former names
|the Royal Provincial Trade School
|1 August 1971
|Christoph Seeßelberg[de][1]
Administrative staff
|1600 (430 professors)[2]
|23,000 (2015)
|Cologne, Gummersbach and Leverkusen, NRW, Germany
|Cologne (Deutz) IWZ, Cologne (Ubierring), Gummersbach, Leverkusen
Cologne University of Applied Sciences (Fachhochschule Köln) is a higher education institution in Cologne, Germany, established in 1971. It was created from a merger of numerous smaller colleges, the oldest of which was the Royal Provincial Trade School, founded in 1833, and renamed Trade College of the City of Cologne on 15 December 1879.[3]
The Cologne University of Applied Sciences is the largest university of Applied Sciences in Germany by number of students.
- Faculty of Applied Social Sciences (F01)
- Faculty of Culture Sciences (F02)
- Faculty of Information and Communication Science (F03)
- Faculty of Economic Sciences (F04)
- Faculty of Architecture (F05)
- Faculty of Construction Engineering and Environmental Technology (F06)
- Faculty of Information, Media and Electrical Technology (F07)
- Faculty of Vehicle Systems and Production (F08)
- Faculty of Plant, Energy and Machine Systems (F09)
- Faculty of Informatics and Engineering (F10)
- Faculty of Applied natural Sciences (F11)
- Faculty of Digital Games, Cologne Game Lab (F13)
The Cologne University of Applied Sciences has campuses in Cologne at Neustadt-Süd for faculties related to humanities and Deutz for faculties related to engineering. It also operates two campuses in Gummersbach and Leverkusen.
See also[edit]
External links[edit]
- Website (German) (English)
- International Office - English Accessed July 2, 2009.
- German Universities of Applied Sciences, Alliance for Excellence Accessed July 2, 2009.
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to University of Applied Sciences in Cologne.
Coordinates: 50°56′05″N 6°59′16″E / 50.9347°N 6.98778°E
|This German university, college or other education institution article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
|This article about a North Rhine-Westphalian building or structure is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.


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|Property type
|Minimum Stay
|2 nights
RATES are as follows: $100 per night for 2 people; 3-4 people $125 per night; 5-6 people $175 per night; 7-8 $225 per night and 8-10 people $300 per night, $25 pet fee. We require a one (1) night non-refundable deposit to reserve the FARM HOUSE. PLEASE EMAIL ME FOR DETAILS
WE are now handicap accessible. Please review photographs.
FYI - internet is NOT available. First reason, our regular guest request that we don't have internet so the kids/teenagers spend quality time with the family and not the rest of the world. Second, we do NOT have cable , (it does not run down our street) but satellite. So, if one child downloads the limit in one day (like our grandkids) there is no Internet for the rest of the month until it changes over.
HORSES! HORSES! Need something different? Need Peace and Quiet? We have it. This is the 'Farm House' you will see why when you look out the window and see the red barn, horses and goat grazing in the back yard. IF YOU WANT TO BRING YOUR HORSES - WELCOME! IF YOU ARE AN EXPERIENCED HORSE RIDER YOU CAN RIDE OUR HORSES!
Inside, each room is eloquently decorated in an 'old Farm House' fashion! In the master bedroom (upstairs) you will find a king size bed, TV, electric fireplace and a large jacuzzi tub, shower with double sinks in the master bathroom. There is a queen size bed and two double beds in the two other bedrooms upstairs. In the middle of the two bedrooms is a large bathroom.
Downstairs is the OPEN kitchen area with a dining room, two glass slider doors for optimum view of the horses and creek. A large laundry room, living room and TV sitting room. Everyone enjoys the downstairs as the children can be in the TV sitting room, adults in the living room or kitchen as its an open concept.
The TV sitting room has French doors that can be closed off for a private bedroom with the large sofa (that makes into a queen bed) and a love seat. There is also a full bathroom in the sitting room.
We are handicapped accessible. There is ramp on the side of the house for a wheelchair or walker. (its on the side you can see but we just made it handicap so the picture may not show it). Once on the porch there is a 6 inch threshold into the house. In the downstairs bath room there is a lifted handicap toilet seat and handrail for the shower. The TV room has a sofa bed and we will try to make it as comfortable as possible.
There is a wrap around porch on the front. Its nice to sit in the rocking chairs or porch swing to listen to nature. On the back porch you find a gas grill with a wrought iron table and chairs to enjoy the sound of the creek in the backyard and watch the horses. The back yard has a picnic table and a fire pit where you can cook marshmallows or smores.
If you like nature and enjoy the peacefulness of being in the country away from the fast city life, this house is for you! When you look out the windows you see nature at its best with trees all around, a creek surrounds the property and horses will come through the back yard walking or running to the next pasture. You can hear the whippoorwill, owl, turkey, wood peckers, and see the eagles, raven and hawks - Kids love it! The cabin is located on 10 acres of land, you can hike around the property. You don't have to worry about the cabin hanging off a cliff or being terrified of steep mountainous roads. There is a front and back yard for the kids to play. The house is about 4000 square feet. There are 3 TV's, 2 DVD players and a Stereo system in the cabin.
It is located about five miles from the entrance of the Smoky Mountains in beautiful Wears Valley, 10 miles from Pigeon Forge and Gatlinburg! Prices are inclusive of taxes and cleaning cost. No hidden cost. Check out the photos for complete pictures of the house and surrounding area or email me.
Keywords: House, handicap, ramp, cabin, horses, animals, peaceful, ,quite, farm, roads, kids, children, adults, handicapped, wheelchair, walker
My husband retired and loves taking care of the animals. It's so relaxing to him.
Pamela Huddleston purchased this cabin in 2005
We chose Wears Valley to retire from the hectic life of the city. We went from City Slickers to Green Acres (TV show) with some of the same experiences, and we love the change.
Its wonderful to look 360 degrees around the house, see and hear nothing but nature and watch the animals grazing and playing. Its SO RELAXING! No one around, no cabins to look at, kids and pets can run around in the front and back yard without worry.
We stayed only two nights and the weather on the second night was not nice to us :( but the stay was great and we all really loved the location and house. I have three kids and my 9year old boy kept mentioning how peaceful it was. My 7 year old *loves* animals and got to get in close to the goat, horses, ducks and dogs. All three loved the tire swing and foosball. We hope to stay again sometime when we can spend a little more time at the house and have a chance to build a fire and grill out. Thanks for making our stay in East Tennessee a memorable one.
Loved so much wish we didn't have to leave. Our family enjoyed this house more than you'll ever know. We loved all the animals. Even the frogs in the pond. We will recommend this place to all our friends. We met Mike the grounds keeper and he talked highly of Pam and German. We enjoyed feeding the animals and playing with them. So relaxing we wished we lived there. Thank you again for a great getaway.
First of all, the owners become like family in an instant. I have never felt so welcomed in anyplace before ... or since! If you love horses, and if you like to ride, this place is perfect. If you are not a rider, this place is still perfect. Nestled between two mountains/hills, it rarely has any traffic, and the sounds you do hear all comes from nature. It's only a few minutes from Pigeon Forge and all the shopping, etc. you could ever want, but it's isolation is pure heaven. And the house ... it is adorable, and huge! Decorated like you would your own home with all the amenities you might need, or want. The spa tub comes in quite handy after a ride!
To sum it up, you can't find a better place to stay ... for ANY price, and this one is extremely reasonable. You definitely get way more than you pay for. Just sorry I took so long to give the review, but been giving everyone I know their business cards. We went last July.
I have started referring to the Farm House as my " happy place" as it's one of the few places where I feel completely relaxed. This was our 5th Mississippi school teacher trip and it was wonderful, as always. As we pulled out of the drive last week I started thinking about a return trip. Thanks Pamela, we enjoyed our stay so much!
My family stayed 11/22 - 11/30. This ranks as our families #1 place to say of our 300+ visits to this area. The house is well stocked and the layout is perfect. We had 4 adults and 3 children and had more than enough room. The bedrooms are spacious and very cozy. Pam and German go over and beyond and it makes your stay that much more special. TO sum it up... This is an amazing place with amazing people!
The farm animals were so friendly and my kids LOVED just hanging out in the pasture with them. It was nice to just watch them enjoy nature.
My wife and I stayed 3 nights here with our 3 boys (ages 5, 4, and 1), and had a terrific time. The house had way more than enough space, and is in terrific shape. Our boys loved feeding the animals and learning a bit about them from German. We stayed in November with the temperatures a little bit on the cold side - but still warm enough to get outside a bit. We are starting to talk about coming back when it's warmer so we can enjoy the whole property a little more :)
Drive In Theater located close to Maryville
|Rate Period
|Weekend Night
My Standard Rate
2 night minimum stay
|Pet Fee
|Rates are based on 2 people ($100 per night). Three to four people, $125 per night, five to six people $175 per night, seven to eight people $225 per night and eight to ten people $300 per night.
Payment is usually accepted in the quoted currency (USD) unless the currency and the amount is specifically agreed in advance with the owner / advertiser.


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Blue Oversized Shoulder Bag
Sku: T71603030001
Availability: Sold Out
1cm = 0.3937 inch
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Bottom Length:34cm
Handle Drop:29cm
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- An ISBN is the 10 or 13 digit number, usually printed on the back of a book with a bar code, that serves as a unique identifier for the book.
- Searching by ISBN is the best way to search because it will get you the exact title and edition that you need.
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If you don't have the ISBN, try a title or author search.
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AUTHORS: White, Gary - ©2015
The fifth edition of Equipment Theory for Respiratory Care employs a comprehensive, competency-based approach to describe the equipment and latest technology used in the respiratory care setting. With an approachable style, the book covers the practice of respiratory theory, including: the administration of oxygen and oxygen mixtures by various devices and appliances; the application of mechanical ventilators to assist or control breathing; management of emergency airways; and applications of ventilators for various populations: neonatal, home care, and transport. Additionally, universal algorithms, an enhanced art program, and Clinical Corner problems round out this new edition.


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Jazz & Bubbles Brunch
Sunday, November 16, 2014
Celebrate the close of the festival Savannah-Style with scrumptious Lowcountry favorites & Bubbles!
Location: AquaStar, Westin Savannah Harbor Golf Resort & Spa
12:30 - 3:30 pm
Tickets: $65 pp
Join us for our Grand Finale at AquaStar in the Westin Savannah Harbor Golf Resort & Spa. Relax to the sounds of smooth jazz, all the while enjoying the scenic views of the Savannah River and downtown Savannah's Historic River Street.
The best that a brunch can offer, live music to relax the soul, some of the best views available in Savannah, all accompanied with some great champagne offerings. That's how we end it at the Savannah Food & Wine Festival.
And of course...cheers to 2015!
The Tourism Leadership Council is pleased to announce the 2014 Savannah Food & Wine Festival. According to festival President, Michael T. Owens, "The overwhelming success of the inaugural Savannah Food & Wine Festival translates into an even bigger and better 2014 festival.
The Taste of Savannah will now take place in Ellis and Johnson Squares, the River Street Stroll will be in an expanded area and we're in the process of finalizing plans on several new events and venues. We will have the full festival line-up of tickets on sale by June 1, 2014."
Taste Wine Like an Expert at the Savannah Food & Wine Festival
For more information on the Festival contact us at:
At the Taste of Savannah, Savannah Food & Wine Festival's signature event, on Saturday, Nov. 15, ticket holders will have the opportunity to taste hundreds of wines.
To continue reading click here.
The Savannah Food & Wine Festival PO Box 10010
Savannah, Georgia 31412 ph: 912-232-1223; fax: 912-236-8821
©2014 Savannah Food & Wine Festival and The AdFish Group
*The Savannah Food & Wine Festival is presented by the Tourism Leadership Council, a 501-(c) 6 organization, with proceeds benefiting the TLC Scholarship Fund, with educational opportunities for hospitality program students in colleges and universities in the Coastal Empire and many local charitable organizations.


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We want to ensure that making a return is as easy and hassle-free as possible! If for any reason you decide that your purchase just isn't for you, simply return the item within 30 days of receipt and we'll cover the cost of return shipping. Learn more about our Return Policy.
Brinkmann Bag Pe Clos F/STOM 400 PK250 Bag Pe Clos F/STOM 400 PK250 is a reliable and dependable addition to the Brinkmann Laboratory Consumables family of products. Combining top-notch and uncompromising quality with an affordable price, the Brinkmann Bag Pe Clos F/STOM 400 PK250 Bag Pe Clos F/STOM 400 PK250 030020219/ 58976-925 can fulfill your laboratory needs while still offering a great value for the money.
Product Category Description:
Closure bags. For Seward Stomacher* 400 (58976-916, -960). Made of 65um thick polyethylene. Features a wire closure strip across the top and rounded corners. Gamma irradiated. Working volume is 80-400mL.
(Please note that the description and stock photo may not correspond to the specific model listed above)
We offer only genuine Brinkmann products, authorized for sale in the U.S. and other markets, so you can be sure that you are buying authentic Laboratory Consumables with a full manufacturer's warranty in addition to our own 100% Satisfaction Guarantee. We are your premier online distributor for Brinkmann Laboratory Consumables. We are an authorized supplier to all federal and state government agencies, as well as to research and educational institutions, and can facilitate volume orders on many types of laboratory equipment, lab consumables, and other products to help fulfill your specific needs. We offer Free Shipping and FREE USPS shipping to APO and FPO addresses on all orders in our store over $49. Please refer to our APO/FPO Shipping and Export Restrictions for more information on export to APO/FPO addresses.
In addition to the Brinkmann Bag Pe Clos F/STOM 400 PK250 Bag Pe Clos F/STOM 400 PK250 030020219/ 58976-925, we carry a full complement of Laboratory Consumables as well as other product offerings from Brinkmann. We also carry a full line of Brinkmann accessories to help meet your laboratory and scientific needs.
For a complete selection of Brinkmann Laboratory Consumables, please visit our Brinkmann page. For more brand name Laboratory Consumables please visit our Laboratory Consumables store section. To see our complete line of lab, medical, industrial, and scientific products, please see our science and lab equipment online catalog.
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The impact of positive behavior support to decrease discipline referrals with elementary students.
As administrators seek ways to address the behavior problems in their schools, the norm seems to be a reactionary approach rather than a proactive one (Tidwell, Flannery, & Lewis-Palmer, 2003). The methods used are often general responses such as a "get tough" approach to problem behaviors rather than efforts grounded in empirical research (Muscott, Mann, Benjamin, & Gately, 2004; Sugai & Homer, 2006). Researchers have found that general approaches to problem behaviors are often unsuccessful and may actually exacerbate these behaviors (Tidwell et al.). Additionally, common solutions to chronic discipline problems such as the use of suspending and expelling students from school do not solve the problem (Muscott et al.). Schools are meant to be places that provide students with a safe climate that encourages learning (Hirsch, Lewis-Palmer, Sugai, & Schnacker, 2004). However, school professionals have recently seen an increase in violent behaviors that have taken place in a setting that was once considered safe (Metzler, Biglan, & Rusby, 2001). Although behavior issues in the school setting are not a new problem, there has been an outcry for more effective discipline procedures especially in the face of recent school shootings and violence (Muscott et al., 2004). Moreover, school accountability and reform have added new demands for the restructuring of discipline systems as well as restructuring the school day (Frey, Lingo, & Nelson, 2008).
The present study describes what one school and school counseling program did to address the increase in discipline referrals. The school counselor implemented a year-long program that included practical schoolwide discipline approaches along with the use of targeted approaches in an effort to reduce the number of discipline referrals. Combining the schoolwide approaches with the use of targeted approaches was found to be the most effective in creating a positive change (i.e., decreased discipline referrals) in students who displayed a wide variety of problem behaviors at school.
According to Metzler et al. (2001), the search for procedures and plans to impact increasing behavior problems is not just an issue of safety but is also associated with other issues including school failure, delinquent behavior, substance abuse, and risky sexual behavior. Due in part to the growing need to increase student achievement, many educators, including administrators and school counselors, are spending much of their time and effort addressing negative or problem behaviors displayed by students (George, Harrower, & Knoster, 2003). School counselors are uniquely trained and situated in the school setting to help address the increasing numbers of behavior problems. School counselors can assist in reducing the number of behavior referrals by implementing proven systemic interventions supported by research in the field of professional school counseling.
Given the complexity of the problems created by students engaged in disruptive behaviors, a variety of approaches and models have been used in an attempt to decrease discipline referrals. Effective models have included a variety of strategies structured in multilevel processes (Muscott et al., 2004). One proactive strategy that addresses behavior problems across multiple settings is positive behavior support (PBS). Sugai and Homer (2006) have described PBS as "the integration of valued outcomes, behavioral and biomedical science, empirically validated procedures, and systems change to enhance quality of life and minimize or prevent problem behaviors" (p. 246). Additionally, Frey et al. (2008) posited that PBS includes a broad range of both systemic and individualized strategies that include managed classrooms and other school areas thus creating a positive school climate. The processes in PBS benefit the individual who exhibits inappropriate behaviors by evaluating and adjusting the setting so that the problem behavior will decrease. Consequently, the decrease of problem behaviors allows the individual's quality of life in other areas to increase (Hendley & Lock, 2007). Hendley and Lock further explained that the purpose of PBS is not to increase the severity of the punishment in hopes that the problem will go away, but to develop effective interventions for challenging behaviors so that positive social and academic development can occur.
The focal point of PBS is problem behavior prevention using a three-tiered approach that includes primary (or universal), secondary, and tertiary prevention (George et al., 2003). Primary prevention involves universal behavior strategies that are likely to result in a positive response from 80% to 90% of the school population (Muscott et al., 2004). Secondary prevention incorporates the use of targeted interventions for populations that have been identified as being at risk for problem behavior (George et al.). These specialized, group interventions are found to positively influence 10-20% of the students (Tidwell et al., 2003). Tertiary prevention incorporates differentiated, targeted approaches that focus on the function of behavior for students whose behaviors have not been positively affected by primary or secondary initiatives (Sugai & Homer, 2006). Tertiary prevention provides behavior support for students with chronic, established behavior problems. These interventions are targeted at the less than 10% of students who need interventions based on presenting behaviors and who also need these interventions implemented across various settings to be effective in reducing individual problem behaviors (Tidwell et al.).
In addition to this three-tier prevention model, PBS can be implemented across three school-based levels including (a) school-wide, specific settings (non-classroom); (b) the classroom setting; and (c) individual students (Hendley & Lock, 2007). The schoolwide prevention tier includes approaches that use reinforcement through defining, teaching, and acknowledging expected behaviors while applying clear consequences to inappropriate behaviors (George et al., 2003). This tier provides prevention in specific areas of the school, such as the cafeteria, playground, or hallways (Tidwell et al., 2003), and takes into consideration the distinct characteristics of the setting and the problem behaviors that are specific to that location (George et al.). The next tier of intervention includes the classroom and related procedures, rules, and routines created by the teacher to enhance the learning environment (Tidwell et al.). The third and final tier focuses on the individual student and these prevention measures include individualized plans used to address the specific problem behaviors of the students who have chronic behavior problems and those at risk of developing behavior problems.
Purpose of the Study
The purpose of this study was to address the increasing discipline referrals experienced by the targeted school. Using the approaches related to positive behavior support, interventions were designed and implemented to reduce discipline referrals. The interventions were examined to determine if they were indeed effective in reducing discipline referrals. The overriding question was, "Will a schoolwide program intervention and targeted small-group counseling reduce discipline referrals?"
The participants in the schoolwide approach included the entire school population of 468 students. Fifty-one percent of the students were female and 49% were male. The student population was composed of African American students (52%), White students (31%), multiracial students (7%), Asian students (5%), and Hispanic students (5%). Further, the targeted group included five fifth-grade male students. Three of the targeted students were White and two were African American.
As each student received the schoolwide approach, the discipline records also were monitored. Discipline referrals were obtained from the school's student information system (SASI[TM]) and the school's assistant principal who maintains the discipline records. Using this information, students who received three or more discipline referrals in the fall semester were identified. These students were invited to participate in a counseling group called Positive Results in Discipline Education (PRIDE).
Five students were identified to participate in the PRIDE group. Although there were four other students who were considered for the group, those students were being served by other programs such as Exceptional Children Services. The participants selected were students who had received three or more discipline referrals and one student who had two discipline referrals but was at risk of having further problems. Three of the students were from single-parent homes and two were from families whose parents had recently divorced. One participant lived in a home with a blended family.
The intervention was implemented on two levels, a schoolwide initiative and a targeted group approach. The schoolwide intervention included lessons that were taught to every student by their homeroom teachers during the first 3 weeks of school. The lessons were created by a team of teachers who desired to see changes in student behavior and focused on teaching the students the schoolwide rules, expectations, and history of the school. Posters were placed throughout the school to encourage the students to follow the rules taught in the classroom. To ensure that all students knew the rules and expectations, a schoolwide quiz was given to the students after the third week of lessons.
As stated earlier, behavior referrals were monitored using SASI to select the students to participate in PRIDE. Once a student received three or more discipline referrals, he was then considered for the program. After the names were finalized, the parents of the students were called to discuss the group and permission forms were sent home. Once the parents gave their consent, the students were called together to give their assent to participate in the group as well.
To collect feedback on the behavior of the students, modifications were made to the Empowered Youth Programs Academic Monitoring Form (AMF), developed by Bailey (2004). The modified form, the Academic/Behavior Monitoring Form (see Appendix A), was completed by the homeroom teacher. This form was used to monitor the behavior of each student in the group. To ensure that the students were making progress throughout the process of the group, this form was completed weekly to document an improvement or decline in behavior. There were 12 items on this form; six items were based on behavior information and the remaining items focused on skills appropriate for maintaining good study habits.
In addition, the students were given pretests and posttests in each session to assess their knowledge regarding the content covered in the sessions. The pretest was given immediately before lessons began and the posttest was given after the lessons were taught. The results of the pretests and posttests were used to evaluate whether the students were learning the skills being taught in the lessons and also were used to identify knowledge and skills that students lacked.
The PRIDE group curriculum was designed as a school counselor-led unit with eight lessons lasting approximately 30 minutes, once a week, for 8 weeks. Lessons were presented the first 30 minutes of school on Thursdays when there was an alternative schedule.
The eight lessons discussed were based on the needs of the students and were aimed at addressing the problems these students experienced in the school setting. Each lesson began by reminding the students of the group rules and expectations. After the rules were discussed, the content of the last session was reviewed to increase transfer of knowledge.
Lesson 1 focused on orientation to the group experience. The students discussed the purpose of the group and group expectations and created rules. The students also were given an opportunity to become acquainted with their peers by playing a group game. Lesson 2 continued to focus on rules. The students were asked to imagine a world without rules and to identify why rules are important in various situations such as playing games and driving cars. The students were later asked to evaluate the rules developed at the school level and whether they are essential and appropriate for maintaining safety.
The importance of relationships was discussed in Lesson 3 and the goal was to teach students to use problem-solving methods to build better relationships with others. The students discussed the characteristics of those individuals they called friends and those they disliked and were later asked to evaluate whether they have the same characteristics that they value in their friends. An activity was included that gave them suggestions on how to deal with problems that occur in these relationships. Lesson 4 addressed anger and how it makes people feel. The goal of the lesson was to teach students how to recognize the warning signs of anger so they can respond rather than react when angry feelings arise.
The goal of Lesson 5 was to help the students recognize the specific behaviors that distract them from learning and understand the direct connection between their behavior and their academics. This lesson discussed how inattentiveness, socializing, and disturbing the class affect their learning. Four fictional characters were introduced to the students to teach this lesson and represented the same roles that they play in their classroom (e.g., class clown, socializer). The students were asked to identify the behaviors that hindered the characters' academic progress and to identify the character that was most like them. Finally, the students brainstormed strategies they could use to help them decrease these problem behaviors so they could increase their academic progress. Lesson 6 addressed using positive communication skills. The students were taught how to use "I-messages" to express their feelings, rather than using an accusatory method of communicating. The students were given various situations and asked to use an "I-message" when they are disappointed, angry, or blamed for something.
Lesson 7 focused on addressing the need for students with chronic behavior problems to shed the negative label that follows them. During this lesson the students shared the label they thought that others had put on them, how "wearing this label" made them feel, and how to overcome being labeled. The students were given strategies they could use to shed these negative labels and reflect a more positive image of themselves. During Lesson 8, the final lesson, the students discussed what they had learned in the seven preceding sessions. Then, the group discussed how our attitude may affect our response to difficult situations. The ultimate goal of this lesson was to encourage the students to have positive attitudes despite the disappointments that may come their way.
Schoolwide Approach
Overall, there was a 26% decrease in the number of discipline referrals. During the 2006-2007 school year there were 219 discipline referrals, compared to 162 referrals during the 2007-2008 school year. Six major types of discipline referrals were examined from the 22 behavior referral categories that were reported in the student data system. Interestingly, these six discipline referral categories had consistently been the highest of the 22 categories over the past 4 years.
These major areas were targeted to effect the most change. Targeting these areas resulted in the following outcomes: Four of the six infractions decreased and two infractions increased from one year to the next. Referrals for students not following directions decreased by 43%, physical aggression referrals decreased by 40%, bus referrals decreased by 53%, and referrals for inappropriate behavior decreased by 66%. However, the number of referrals for disrespectful behavior increased by 25% and disruptive behavior referrals increased by 63% (see Table 1).
Targeted Group Approach
The data reported by teachers on the Academic/ Behavior Monitoring Form (adapted from the AMF; Bailey, 2004) indicated that many of the students improved their behaviors. The teachers were asked to respond to the form based on a Likert-style scale of answers (e.g., always, most of the time, some of the time, never, does not apply). These responses were given a number value with always receiving the value of 4 and never receiving the value of 1. Each week's responses were then averaged together to attain a number value for the teacher's perception of the child's behavior for that week. Three students' average teacher behavior rating positively increased, one student's average behavior rating remained the same, and one student's average behavior rating decreased (see Table 2). The data were analyzed using a t test that indicated that the behavioral referrals significantly decreased (p = .009, p < .05) for the targeted group after the students participated in the intervention (see Table 3).
There is increased interest in programs designed to decrease behavioral referrals (Tidwell et al., 2003). While many interventions are referred to in the literature, PBS appeared in several research-based articles to be most closely aligned with meeting the needs of the targeted school in this study. Additionally, students at the targeted school mirrored those that Sugai and Homer (2006) classified as needing tertiary prevention where targeted approaches were necessary for 8% to 10% of the student population. Students who met the criteria for targeted approaches were invited to be a part of the PRIDE group. Eight lessons on how to handle problem behaviors were taught to the targeted group. The lessons taught to the students were meant to help them gain the knowledge and skills they lacked in order to be better decision-makers by understanding rules, managing anger, establishing relationships, and learning communication skills. Teaching expectations make a difference in the number of discipline problems experienced in this school, as supported by the data collected.
The data from this study support the premise that as students' knowledge, attitudes, and skills increase, their behavior improves. As the behavior of the students improves, the teacher's perception ratings improve. Therefore, the decreased number of post-intervention referrals may be attributed to the knowledge gained by the students' involvement in the group and the positive perceptions of the teacher.
Although the results were positive, there were other variables that may have contributed to the decrease in discipline referrals. During the 2006-2007 and 2007-2008 school years, the assistant principal in this school changed. The former assistant principal was promoted to principal at another school and a new assistant principal was introduced. The change in the assistant principal is important because in the participating school he or she handles a majority of discipline issues. The assistant principal also decides on the punishment given and whether the discipline referral should be processed and entered into the student information system. Therefore, a change in leadership and thus a change in ideas about managing discipline may have contributed to the number of discipline referrals reported.
Additionally, the use of an Academic/Behavior Monitoring Form completed by teachers provides subjective views about the students' behavior. The teachers' ratings are subjective and can be influenced by a variety of factors and may not be solely related to the students' behavioral performance. Therefore, one must be careful when interpreting this information as it is not an actual documentation of behaviors but rather a rating based on the teachers' perceptions of the students' behavior. Further, the teachers were asked to rate the behavior, not describe it in detail. A detailed description of the behaviors that students exhibited may have provided a more valid method of rating the problem behaviors exhibited by students.
Implications for School Counselors
While PBS has been shown to decrease discipline referrals when used appropriately, other strategies also could be used in conjunction with PBS that may increase its effectiveness. Because there is a risk of group meetings being used as a venue for members to share and brag about negative behaviors, it is important to include at least one positive role model when selecting members for the targeted groups. Including a strong student who is a role model and not easily influenced by the group may decrease the likelihood of children bragging about negative behaviors during group meetings.
Additionally, it may be helpful to conduct a school climate survey that includes all the stakeholders in the school. Gathering school climate dated before the intervention is implemented (at the beginning of the school year) and again upon completion of the intervention (immediately before school ends) could provide useful data regarding changes in school climate that may be attributed to PBS. School climate surveys also may reveal whether students feel that their school is a safer place to learn and grow after the implementation of the program.
As educators seek to solve problems that interfere with learning (e.g., increasing behavioral problems, decreasing test scores), PBS appears to be an effective approach to address these issues. In fact, Hendley and Lock (2007) explained that when schools properly and effectively implement PBS, students benefit by improving academic achievement and increasing appropriate behaviors. Additionally, Fleming et al. (2005) supported this notion, stating that programs that attempt to enhance social and emotional skills and decrease certain problem behaviors during elementary and middle school may affect academic achievement. When behavior problems are addressed by viewing the discipline data, implementing schoolwide prevention programs, and creating early intervention plans, "research and experience indicate that schools can expect to see decreases in the number of behavior incidents as well as positive changes related to academic achievement and overall school climate" (George et al., 2003, p. 175). PBS provides the framework for these applications and can help create a productive environment for learning in the school setting by using prevention and intervention methods to decrease discipline referrals, which is likely to result in a safer learning environment and increased academic performance.
Bailey, D. F. (2004). Empowered youth programs academic monitoring form. Unpublished assessment form.
Fleming, C. B., Haggerty, K. P., Catalano, R. F., Harachi, T. W., Mazza, J. J., & Gruman, D. H. (2005). Do social and behavioral characteristics targeted by preventive interventions predict standardized test scores and grades? Journal of School Health, 75, 342-349.
Frey, A. J., Lingo, A., & Nelson, C. M. (2008). Positive behavior support: A call for leadership. Children & Schools, 30, 5-14.
George, H. P., Harrower, J. K., & Knoster, T. (2003). School-wide prevention and early intervention: A process for establishing a system of school-wide behavior support. Preventing School Failure, 47, 170-176.
Hendley, S. L., & Lock, R. H. (2007). Use positive behavior support for inclusion in the general education classroom. Intervention in School and Clinic, 42, 225-228.
Hirsch, E.J., Lewis-Palmer, Z, Sugai, G., & Schnacker, L. (2004). Using school bus discipline referral data in decision making:Two case studies. Preventing School Failure 48, 4-9.
Metzler, C. W., Biglan, A., & Rushy, J. C. (2001). Evaluation of a comprehensive behavior management program to improve school-wide positive behavior support. Education and Treatment of Children, 24, 448-479.
Muscott, H. S., Mann, E., Benjamin, T. B., & Gately, S. (2004). Positive behavioral interventions and supports in New Hampshire: Preliminary results of a statewide system for implementing schoolwide discipline practices. Education and Treatment of Children, 27, 453-475.
Sugai, G., & Homer, R. R. (2006). A promising approach for expanding and sustaining school-wide positive behavior support. School Psychology Review, 35, 245-259.
Tidwell, A., Flannery, K. B., & Lewis-Palmer, T. (2003). A description of elementary classroom discipline referral patterns. Preventing School Failure, 48, 18-26.
Maria Dunn Sherrod, Ed.S., is a professional school counselor in Fayette County, GA. E-mail: Sherrod.maria@ fcboe.org Yvette Q. Getch, Ph.D., is an associate professor and Jolie Ziomek-Daigle, Ph.D., is an assistant professor in the counseling and human development services department at the University of Georgia, Athens.
Table 1. Comparison of the Six Targeted Behavior Referrals for Consecutive Years Behavior Referrals 2006-2007 2007-2008 Percent Change Inappropriate behavior 44 15 66% Bus referral 32 15 53% Physical aggression 67 40 40% Not following directions 7 4 43% Disruptive 4 12 -- (a) Disrespect 12 16 -- (b) (a) Negative change of 63%. (b) Negative change of 25%. Table 2. Teachers' Perception Ratings Participant Pre-Intervention Post-Intervention Percent Change 1 2 2.5 20% 2 1.5 1.83 18% 3 2 2 -- (a) 4 2.67 2 -- (b) 5 2.83 3.33 15% (a) No change. (b) Negative change of 25%. Table 3. Number of Discipline Referrals Before, During, and After Intervention Participant Pre-Intervention Intervention Post-Intervention 1 3 0 0 2 4 3 0 3 2 3 1 4 3 1 1 5 4 0 0
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Saturn's Clouds and Hazes
Saturn's clouds and hazes at three different levels in the atmosphere are depicted in the image on the right, as observed by the visual infrared mapping spectrometer on the Cassini spacecraft.
In the image, red represents the deepest clouds yet found on Saturn. They are at an altitude where pressure is nearly double Earth's sea-level air pressure. The spectrometer saw these clouds using a 5.1 micron wavelength. Brightness levels in the original image were inverted to show cloud as bright features. Green is an image taken simultaneously at 1.6 micron wavelength, showing upper-level clouds near and above the altitude where atmospheric pressure equals Earth's sea-level air pressure, a pressure expressed as 1 bar. Blue is an image taken at 2.05 micron, a wavelength which is limited to showing only higher cloud level due to absorption of light by the hydrogen gas comprising the bulk of Saturn's atmosphere. Blue indicated clouds of an altitude where atmospheric pressure is only about 70 percent of Earth's sea-level air pressure. Thus, the aqua-colored feature over the equator is high-altitude haze residing 10 kilometers (6 miles) altitude above the typical zonal features seen in reflected sunlight over the planet (green).
The image on the left shows only the upperatmosphere above the 1-bar level, and is the view seen in reflected sunlight as observed by cameras not capable of seeing the thermal radiation of Saturn. Red in this image was taken at 2.79 micron, a wavelength that absorbs ammonia. The greenish appearance of the south pole indicates that ammonia gas is enhanced there.
As opposed to the uniform bands of hazes and clouds seen over the planet at pressures near and less than 1 bar, clouds at the 2-bar level (red, in right-hand image) are distinct, and come in a variety of shapes and sizes.
These images were acquired by Cassini's visual infrared mapping spectrometer on June 28, 2005, from a distance of 1.2 million kilometers (745,645 miles), and at a solar phase angle of 102 degrees.


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From where you know his name? [[User:Ziani15|Ziani15]] 18:53, May 6, 2010 (UTC)
From where you know his name? [[User:Ziani15|Ziani15]] 18:53, May 6, 2010 (UTC)
Revision as of 03:25, 7 May 2010
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From where you know his name? Ziani15 18:53, May 6, 2010 (UTC)
- Maybe if you read the article you wouldn't have to ask stupid questions.: "His name is revealed in The Ballad of Gay Tony during a Random Encounter with Daisie Cash-Cooze when she reads a Bleeter post by gay porn star Chris Hunt." That's the second line on the article. 6FTofDIRT 02:25, May 7, 2010 (UTC)


text: 0 Celebrity Back to article: Celebrity pictures: Lady Gaga, 'TOWIE', Luisa Zissman, Preeya Kalidas 0 Previous Next Breaking Bad's Dean Norris arrives for his appearance on The Late Show with David Letterman in New York. The actor is currently promoting his new Stephen King series Under the Dome. Copyright: WENN 27 of 43 Previous Next


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Tuesday February 21, 2012
- 52nd Day of 2012 / 214 Remaining
- 28 Days Until Spring Begins
- Sunrise:6:52
- Sunset:5:55
- 11 Hr 3 Min
- Moon Rise:6:25am
- Moon Set:6:06pm
- Moon's Phase: New Moon
- The Next Full Moon
- March 8 @ 1:41 am
- Full Worm Moon
- Full Sap Moon
- Full Crust Moon
- Lenten Moon
As the temperature begins to warm and the ground begins to thaw, earthworm casts appear, heralding the return of the robins. The more northern tribes knew this Moon as the Full Crow Moon, when the cawing of crows signaled the end of winter; or the Full Crust Moon, because the snow cover becomes crusted from thawing by day and freezing at night. The Full Sap Moon, marking the time of tapping maple trees, is another variation. To the settlers, it was also known as the Lenten Moon, and was considered to be the last full Moon of winter.
- Tides
- High:10:05am/11:11pm
- Low:4:09am/4:33pm
- Rainfall
- This Year:6.90
- Last Year:16.70
- Normal To Date:15.98
- Annual Average: 22.28
- Holidays
- Single Tasking Day
- President's Day
- Giving Day
- National Sticky Bun Day
- Remember the Funniest Thing Your Child Ever Did Day
- Pancake Day
- Bursting Day
- Mardi Gras
- Shrove Tuesday(all meaning the same thing: Lent begins tomorrow.)
- Martyrs Day(Ekushey Day)-Bangladesh
- Shaheed Dibash-Bangladesh
- International Mother Language Day
- On This Day In …
- 1804 --- The first self-propelled locomotive on rails was demonstrated in Wales.
- 1858 --- The first electric burglar alarm was installed in Boston, MA
- 1874 --- The Oakland Daily Tribune began publication.
- 1878 --- The first telephone directories issued in the U.S. were distributed to residents in New Haven, CT. It was a single page of only fifty names.
- 1885 --- The official dedication of the Washington Monument took place in Washington, D.C., although the monument did not open for another three years. In fact, the structure took a total of thirty-six years to finish. Construction took place in two major phases, 1848-1856, and 1876-1884. The Civil War and a lack of funds caused the big delay. The stone obelisk honoring the first President of the United States was designed by Robert Mills who died in this, the year of the dedication
- 1925 --- The New Yorker magazine made its debut.
- 1931 --- Alka Seltzer was introduced.
- 1932 --- William N. Goodwin of Newark, New Jersey patented the camera exposure meter. So, if your prints aren't turning out like they should, blame him or, better yet, change your exposure setting. It's written right there in the instruction manual that you read when you got the camera. You did read it, didn't you?
- 1947 --- Edwin Land demonstrated a nifty new gadget to the Optical Society of America in New York City. It was the first camera to take, develop and print a picture on photo paper (in black and white back then) all in about a minute. He called his invention the Polaroid Land Camera. It became an 'instant' success.
- 1950 --- The first International Pancake Race was held in Liberal, Kansas. The annual event, scheduled each year on Shrove Tuesday, pits the women of Liberal against the women of Olney, Bucks, England. Wearing dresses and aprons, their heads covered in scarves, the women run a 415-yard, 'S' shaped course. Each woman also carries a pancake in a skillet and must toss the pancake three times. The fastest pancake carrier ran the race in 58.5 seconds in 1975. This record was set by Liberal's Sheila Turner.
- 1965 --- In New York City, Malcolm X, an African American nationalist and religious leader, is assassinated by rival Black Muslims while addressing his Organization of Afro-American Unity at the Audubon Ballroom in Washington Heights. In the early 1960s, he began to develop a more outspoken philosophy than that of Elijah Muhammad, whom he felt did not sufficiently support the civil rights movement. In late 1963, Malcolm's suggestion that President John F. Kennedy's assassination was a matter of the "chickens coming home to roost" provided Elijah Muhammad, who believed that Malcolm had become too powerful, with a convenient opportunity to suspend him from the Nation of Islam. A few months later, Malcolm formally left the organization and made a Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca, where he was profoundly affected by the lack of racial discord among orthodox Muslims. He returned to America as El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz and in June 1964 founded the Organization of Afro-American Unity, which advocated black identity and held that racism, not the white race, was the greatest foe of the African American. Malcolm's new movement steadily gained followers, and his more moderate philosophy became increasingly influential in the civil rights movement, especially among the leaders of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee. n February 21, 1965, one week after his home was firebombed, Malcolm X was shot to death by Nation of Islam members while speaking at a rally of his organization in New York City.
- 1972 --- In an amazing turn of events, President Richard Nixon takes a dramatic first step toward normalizing relations with the communist People's Republic of China (PRC) by traveling to Beijing for a week of talks. Nixon's historic visit began the slow process of the re-establishing diplomatic relations between the United States and communist China.Still mired in the unpopular and frustrating Vietnam War in 1971, Nixon surprised the American people by announcing a planned trip to the PRC in 1972. The United States had never stopped formally recognizing the PRC after Mao Zedong's successful communist revolution of 1949. In fact, the two nations had been bitter enemies. PRC and U.S. troops fought in Korea during the early-1950s, and Chinese aid and advisors supported North Vietnam in its war against the United States. Nixon's trip to China was a move calculated to drive an even deeper wedge between the two most significant communist powers. The United States could use closer diplomatic relations with China as leverage in dealing with the Soviets, particularly on the issue of Vietnam. In addition, the United States might be able to make use of the Chinese as a counterweight to North Vietnam. Despite their claims of socialist solidarity, the PRC and North Vietnam were, at best, strongly suspicious allies. As historian Walter LaFeber said, "Instead of using Vietnam to contain China, Nixon concluded that he had better use China to contain Vietnam." For its part, the PRC was desirous of another ally in its increasingly tense relationship with the Soviet Union and certainly welcomed the possibility of increased U.S.-China trade.
- 1975 --- Former Attorney General John N. Mitchell and former White House aides H.R. Haldeman and John D. Ehrlichman were sentenced to 2 1/2 to 8 years in prison for their roles in the Watergate cover-up.
- 1988 --- TV evangelist Jimmy Swaggart tearfully confessed to his congregation in Baton Rouge, La., that he was guilty of an unspecified sin, and said he was leaving the pulpit temporarily. (Reports linked Swaggart to a prostitute.)
- 1993 --- An 80-year-old Tel Aviv man refused once again to grant his wife a divorce. Under Israeli law both spouses must agree to a divorce, and one who refuses can be imprisoned until he or she consents. Yahiya Avraham had been in prison for 31 years.
- 1994 --- Whirlpool began manufacturing a refrigerator that was significantly more efficient, and did not use freon. Freon has been implicated in the destruction of ozone in the atmosphere.
- 1995 --- Chicago adventurer Steve Fossett landed in Leader, Saskatchewan, after becoming the first person to fly solo across the Pacific Ocean in a balloon
- Birthdays
- Barbara Jordan
- Erma Bombeck
- Kelsey Grammer
- Tyne Daly
- David Geffen
- Mary Chapin Carpenter
- Andres Segovia
- Alan Rickman
- Jerry Harrison
- 'Ranking' Roger Charley(English Beat)
- Antonio Lopez Santa Anna
- Anais Nin
- Alice Palmer(Educator, helped organize American Association of University Women)
- W.H. (Wystan Hugh) Auden
- Sam Peckinpah
- Nina Simone(Eunice Waymon)
- Rue McClanahan
- Vince Welnick(Tubes, Grateful Dead)
- William "Billy" Baldwin


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|Half Baths
|Property type
|Minimum Stay
|7 nights
Hidden between the mill stream and the forest, Chez Meunier offers complete privacy. The local countryside presents a mosaic of colour, with sunflowers, maize and wheat and the occasional family group of cattle grazing happily in the fields. But the area is best known for its vineyards, supplying grapes for Cognac and our local delicacy Pineau.
The house: The low, unassuming façade belies the huge amount of space contained within. The entrance, beside the private, sun-trap pool, leads into a large bright hallway and the ground floor. Overlooking the pool is the bright, airy and fully equipped kitchen/diner. The giant oak table will seat 6 with room to spare and the kitchen has all the appliances and utensils you will want.
Across the hall is the sitting room which again looks out onto the pool and beyond into the woods. With duel aspect windows this room is delightfully bright and restful being comfortably furnished with armchairs and settees, TV and DVD and a supply of books and games.
At the end of the hall is a toilet with hand basin.Beside this cloakroom is a large area for any outdoor wear, boots and coats, ideal for hikers and explorers!
Upstairs is another large hall leading to the master bedroom with vaulted ceiling and en-suite wet room. The views from here are across the mill stream and over the valley of Le Ne. At the opposite end of the hall are the double and twin bedrooms. These are opposite the family bathroom which has a full sized bath as well as the shower.
Outside, the 10 x 5 metre pool is surrounded by a European Standard Security barrier which has child-proof locks. The outside dining area is large table on the patio under a canopy and next to the stone barbecue. The view from here is just the fields and forest. Next to the pool area and patio, the small gravelled garden has figs and walnuts aplenty in season and also the pigeonnier which houses all the bikes for your use.
The Charente region has many attractive towns and villages and a sightseeing holiday could include:
• Cognac and a visit to one of its world famous Brandy Houses – watch the process and sample the product!
• Angouleme, with its beautiful Cathedral in the heart of the Old City, where a wander through the maze of narrow streets offers a delightful range of pavement bars and gourmet restaurants to suit everyone. Angouleme is also the capital of the cartoon industry and a visit to the paper making museum on the banks of the beautiful Charente is a must.
• The famous and fascinating Chapelle des Templiers at Cressac – just a healthy bike ride away from the house. Soak up the aura of its frescoes before pedaling on to Blanzac for a coffee.
• Jarnac, which straddles the lovely Charente. Here you can enjoy a boat trip on the river.
For the more adventurous: • Golf enthusiasts can play the championship course at Cognac, beautifully designed around a Chateau and its vineyard. There is also an 18 hole course in Angouleme and a pleasant 9 hole course at nearby Pillac
• The Charente river offers numerous opportunities to hire canoes and kayaks, for an hour or for a day. Aubeterre sur Dronne, with its underground cathedral and voted one of the most beautiful villages in France, has a range of options and is 25 minutes away.
• For the ramblers and cyclists, the quiet lanes and rolling hills provide a perfect setting. There are waymarked paths and bridleways, or you can explore the valleys of the Ne and the Boeme yourselves with local maps.
Other activities and experiences: • In Angouleme, the annual Cartoon Strip Festival ( Bande Desinee ) in February and the Rampart Rally ( vintage cars from all over Europe racing round the City streets ) in September.
• In Cognac, the annual Blues and Jazz Festival in early July attracts internationally renowned artists every year.
• In Barbezieux, the Music Week early July, where local and regional musicians play a variety of styles in the bars and around the streets. There are also organised live concerts and exhibitions throughout the summer.
Throughout the region, almost every village offers weekly markets, fares and occasional exhibitions. In the summer, the "Farmers Markets" are a fantastic way to sample local produce in the villages, where you usually have the chance to buy the meat, cook it there and then on the BBQ and wash it down with some local wine!
A graphic designer by profession and my husband Harry was a builder. We left Epping to come to this delightful part of France, to escape the stress of deadlines and enjoy some peace. The renovation of our own house, the Mill, has taken all the 7 years and most of our energy, but the reward of offering families a location to spend some wonderful holidays makes the hard work worthwhile.
Stephanie Hope purchased this villa in 2007
To be set in silent woodland with Barbezieux just 10 minutes away with all the facilities one expects from a town, was one major reason for choosing this property. But the history of the Templars and the atmosphere of the place were the wow factor for us.
by text on return journey- 'thank you for a perfect few days. It is such a shame we could not stay longer- next time!'
We had a great week's holiday and couldn't have been happier with our stay. The house was roomy and comfortable and the pool was really clean and a good size. Harry and Steve were excellent hosts and we appreciated all that they did. Although there are lots of places to visit in the surrounding area, we only really left the house and pool to find something to eat! The Richardson family
A lovely house with a fabulous master bedroom and en-suite. Situated in a really peaceful location so you really get to relax. The house was spotless when we arrived, and everything we needed was there. Steve is a great host - on hand to answer any questions, but not intrusive what so ever. A great house in a great spot!
We are a family of 6 and enjoyed our stay very much.It's very comfortable and child friendly. The kids loved the big pool. The house is clean and well taken care off.
Steve and Harry are very nice people. Although they lived in the back we had all the privacy we wanted.
We can certainly recommend this house.
We are 5 friends who really enjoyed our week in this beautiful, well-equipped and peaceful house and would have loved to stay longer! The house has been painstakingly restored and the best quality finishes have been used, with Harry and Steve having thought of all the extra touches that ensure their guests have everything needed to make the most of their holidays. For example, 8 bikes are even provided so that guests can cycle along the quiet country lanes and pool towels and inflatables are available for the private, secluded pool. The property is also extremely clean and well-maintained.
The friendly owners, Harry and Steve, live just behind the holiday house, but they are very discreet and will not bother you unless you need their help. We did not have to consult them very often but we knew that their help was always available if we needed it and this is very important in a holiday let.
The area is largely rural with a mix of vineyards and massive fields of sunflowers which just have to be photographed! The local villages and towns are small but the supermarkets such as Carrefour in Blanzac and Leclerc in Barbezieux have all your shopping needs. Must-sees include Aubeterre, Saintes, Jonzac and Angouleme and we also visited Oradour-sur-Glane, the extremely moving WW2 martyred village.
All in all, the luxury of the house, the friendliness of Steve and Harry, the peaceful beauty of the farmland and the activities and local attractions mean that we would definitely recommend Chez Meunier to anyone- thank you, Steve and Harry.
Five stars?
The reviews from others are always taken with some degree of caution and trepidation by our family, but I have to say on this occasion we agree fully with them.
Stephanie and Harry have worked very hard indeed, and lots of thought, as well as skill and effort, has been used on the renovation of this property to provide a very, very comfortable home with character.
The good sized rooms flow and work sensibly, and there is storage a plenty in bedrooms and bathrooms.
The kitchen is fitted with a very wide range of equipment, with plenty of cutlery, plates, pots, pans, and dishes for those who want to self cater, and the huge feature oak table and benches could probably seat a football team.
Outside the BBQ is a good and sensible size, and unlike many we have used in years past, works very well.
The pool is of a good size and depth, was well used, and is a fantastic feature of the property.
The feature gazebo (which can provide much needed shade on sunny days) and outside dining area, again was well used and very much appreciated on the plentiful sunny days we experienced during our stay.
This has been certainly one of the very best holiday homes we have rented in our many trips abroad over very many years, and we would have absolutely no hesitation in recommending it to friends and family alike.
Our only regret is that we could only spend a week here, before travelling on to other areas.
So if you are looking for a very comfortable and well equipped home with a good pool, which has all amenities that work, in a lovely rural quiet setting, then this property should certainly be on your list
Thank you Steve and Harry for providing an excellent base for part of our holiday, and for being there on hand, as, when, and if required.
Rest assured we certainly will return again.
Steve, remember I told you I was going to be the first to give you one star !.
Well since a gold one is not available, afraid it has to be the unusual five blue ones.
All the very best.
Alan, Shirley and Christine.
Our third time at this lovely house, just like an home from home and once again we enjoyed the peace and tranquility of this lovely place.We really welcomed the stove for the chilly evenings. Steve and Harry are so pleasant and helpful, nothing is too much trouble for them. Hopefully we will be back next year for the 4th time.
Dating from the 11th century, La Commanderie des Templiers is a beautiful stone mill resting on the banks of the River Ne, surrounded by forest and vineyards. As the name suggests, the original building was the command post of the Knights Templar during the Crusades of the 11th and 12th centuries. The Chapelle des Templiers which is famous for it's ancient wall murals was built at the same time by the same supporter on the Crusades as La Commanderie. The Chapelle is just over the hill and can be visited by appointment any time during your stay.
Chez Meunier, our rental property, was the Miller's home and is a deceptively spacious house. The setting is wooded silence, with just the birds and wildlife for company. Because the area is protected, the wild flowers and animals flourish here.
See the Michelin map for a better appreciation of the location-
search La Commanderie, 16250 Pereuil
See also our site- www.chezmeunier.iowners.net
or find us on Facebook-
Chez Meunier Luxury Self-catering France
The local countryside is ideal for exploring, the roads are quiet and the gentle rolling hills and valleys of this part of the Charente are very welcoming. It's 4 kms from the house to Blanzac-Porcheresse where you can enjoy a coffee or lunch at one of the typical French bars. If you long for the sea, the huge beaches of Royan are just 40 minutes drive away. To the East and only 30 minutes drive is Angouleme, the capital of Le Charentes and the most beautiful city. The cartoon museum in Angouleme and the Chocolate factory just outside Angouleme are very popular with our guests. For wine lovers Bordeaux and the wonderful Wine Routes of St Emillion, Margaux, Medoc and Blaye to name a few, is around 80 minutes away. Local wines are available to try on the Jarnac wine trails which are much closer, about 20 minutes.
Other Activities: Bird watching, Cycling ( bikes supplied ) and rambling.
Due to late cancellation the 2 weeks from 11- 24 July are available for £1250 per week.
|Rate Period
|Weekend Night
2015 Spring
Mar 28 2015 - Jun 26 2015
7 night minimum stay
2015 Summer
Jun 27 2015 - Sep 5 2015
7 night minimum stay
My Standard Rate
7 night minimum stay
|No additional mandatory fees
|Refundable damage deposit
Payment rates are shown in Sterling and are by Bank Transfer.
A 30% deposit is required at time of booking. The balance is payable 6 weeks prior to your start date.
Damage Deposit:
A £300 refundable damage/breakage deposit is required at the time of the balance. This will be refunded within 2 weeks of your departure.
Rental periods are from Saturday 4pm to Saturday 10am.
Payment is usually accepted in the quoted currency (GBP) unless the currency and the amount is specifically agreed in advance with the owner / advertiser.


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Columbia College Foundation Events
Please join us Sunday, April 19 for one of California's premiere wine tastings, a springtime tradition at Columbia State Historic Park. Great wine, great food, great cause – all proceeds benefit the Columbia College Culinary Arts Program.
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Past Events
Columbia College Foundation Community Lecture Series
"Looking Forward: RIM FIRE RECOVERY." Leading experts discuss a collaborative approach to forest restoration.
Thursday, October 16th @ 7pm
Sonora High Auditorium
Free admission. Doors open at 6:30pm
Panel Leaders: Yosemite-Stanislaus Solutions Collaborative Co-chairs: Mike Albrecht (Sierra Resource Management) and John Buckley (Central Sierra Environmental Resource Center).
Moderator: Dr. Tom Hofstra, Columbia College Natural Resources Instructor
Panel Speakers:
Nathan Graveline - California Department of Fish and Wildlife
Mary Moore - USFS Hydrologist, BAER (Burned Area Emergency Response) Team Specialist
Matt McNicol - USDA, NRCS (National Resources Conservation Service) Forestry Specialist
Tim Tate - Sierra Pacific Industries


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In his latest public Q&A, the Facebook CEO talks about diversity in Silicon Valley, Ukraine and his childhood.
In his latest public question-and-answer session, the social networking giant's CEO discusses public policy, Internet expansion and other topics.
AT&T settles with FCC over customer data that was stolen from data centers overseas and used to unlock stolen mobile phones.
The world's largest social network is creating features and tools designed to attract mobile device developers, as it works to offer all things to all people.
Heavy rainfall has allowed the Central American country of Costa Rica to be powered almost entirely by its hydroelectric plants.
Sikur's phone, running a locked-down Android derivative, enables encrypted communications. It's one of several arriving at Mobile World Congress.
Facebook's CEO downplays Google's drone and balloon ideas for broadening Net access, saying it's the carriers that are doing the lion's share of the work to connect the world's billions.
The ride-hailing service will help the India-based safety-tracking app collect more information about various areas in New Delhi.
Technically Incorrect: A video posted to YouTube suggests that when you're seated by a plane's window and the wing spouts flames, the natural thing to do is pull out your cell phone and start filming.
During a town hall event in Colombia, Facebook CEO discusses his company's place in world in the wake of last week's Paris attacks. He also says starting a company isn't as hard as you think.


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Census shows region's move toward diversity is spotty
Staff Writer
Pockets of Greater North County are dramatically more diverse than 10 years ago, but more than half of the region remains relatively unchanged, a review of U.S. Census 2000 data shows.
While Escondido and Vista -- and to a lesser extent, Oceanside and San Marcos -- have seen large increases in their Latino populations, reflecting state and national trends, the rest of the region has not.
Indeed, Greater North County as a whole remains much as it was 10 years ago: less diverse -- and more "white" -- than the county or state.
At first blush, census data shows the region with a 62 percent increase in its Latino population during the last 10 years -- a "news nugget" that may garner cheers from some, moans from others.
Based on that number, it would appear the region has made a major shift toward becoming more diverse during the last decade.
But a close examination of the data by the North County Times shows that huge increases in the Latino populations of Vista and Escondido account for nearly half of the region's total growth of Latinos. Add in the numbers from Oceanside, and the three cities end up accounting for about two-thirds of the region's Latino growth, 68 percent. Yet they account for only slightly more than one-third of the region's total population, 36 percent.
Viewed another way: Without those three cities, the rest of Greater North County has seen its Latino population grow, in terms of the whole, less than 2 percentage points -- from 13.3 percent to 15.1 percent. In those three cities, though, Latino populations have soared.
The questions the numbers raise are many; the answers, few.
Within the coming weeks and months, more Census 2000 data will be released -- household income, household size -- that may shed more light on what has happened during the last decade.
The region, circa 1990
Greater North County is the area from roughly the northern edge of Miramar Marine Corps Air Station north to the Orange and Riverside county lines, bounded on the east by the mountain peaks in the Cleveland National Forest and on the west by the Pacific Ocean.
Ten years ago, about 882,000 called the region home. Of those, nearly 73 percent were non-Hispanic whites; less than 17 percent were Latinos. For the county, the totals were 65 percent white; 20 percent, Latino.
Those North County figures largely held up throughout the region, no matter the community: Whites accounted for a roughly two-thirds or better majority in each of the county's nine incorporated cities; the Latino populations in each hovered between Carlsbad's 14 percent to San Marcos' 28 percent. Del Mar sat at the region's low, 4 percent.
Oceanside was the region's most diverse community: 64 percent white, 23 percent Latino, 7 percent black and 6 percent "Asian and other."
With Census 2000, the numbers and the mix changed.
What Census 2000 shows
Census data pegs California as having joined the ranks of states with no majority, either ethnically or racially. Non-Hispanic whites account for less than half of the state's population -- about 47 percent. Latinos represent the next largest block with nearly one-third of the total, 32 percent.


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The Scars of War: Tokyo During World War II - Writings of Takeyama MichioHardback Asian Voices (Hardcover)
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- Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
- Format: Hardback | 238 pages
- Dimensions: 155mm x 231mm x 20mm | 363g
- Publication date: 15 August 2007
- Publication City/Country: Lanham, MD
- Illustrations note: Illustrations, maps
Product description
Takeyama Michio, the author of Harp of Burma, was thirty-seven in 1941, the year of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Husband, father of children born during the war, and teacher at Japan's elite school of higher education in Tokyo, he experienced the war on its home front. His essays provide us with a personal record of the bombing of Tokyo, the shortage of food, the inability to get accurate information about the war, the frictions between civilians and military and between his elite students and other civilians, the mobilization of students into factory jobs and the military, and the relocation of civilians out of the Tokyo area. This intimate account of the "scars of war," including personal anecdotes from Takeyama's students and family, is one of very few histories from this unique vantage point. Takeyama's writings educate readers about how the war affected ordinary Japanese and convey his thoughts about Japan's ally Germany, the Tokyo War Crimes Trial, and the immediate postwar years. Beautifully translated by Richard H. Minear, these honest and moving essays are a fresh look at the history of Japan during the Asia-Pacific War.
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Author information
Richard H. Minear is professor of history at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and translator of Japan's Past, Japan's Future: One Historian's Odyssey.
Review quote
Readers can see the real picture of what Japan's intelligentsia experienced and what their thoughts were in those days. The essays are superbly well translated. A must... Highly recommended. All levels/libraries. CHOICE The essays Minear has selected and masterfully translated for this volume testify to the workings of a splendid mind in search of understanding a world in turmoil. The Japan Times Historians now think of World War II not just in terms of battlefield winners and losers but also as an event that transformed civilian lives and national societies in profound ways. Richard Minear brings us one eloquent, thoughtful chronicler of these transformations, reminding us of the varied and distinctive ways Japanese people coped with the many meanings of the wartime and apres-guerre eras. Takeyama Michio was cantankerous, elitist, and contrary but also someone who intelligently and passionately searched for his own way to make sense of the turbulent times in which he lived. -- Laura Hein, Northwestern University A masterful translation of ten essays by one of postwar Japan's most interesting thinkers, this work ought to dispel our simplistic notions of Japan as a nation of unthinking followers during World War II. The complexity-and sharp turnings-of Takeyama's own ideas are troubling and provocative. And his vivid descriptions of ordinary people during the war-housewives stealing food to feed their hungry children, pampered and hedonistic Higher School boys scandalizing patriotic Hitachi factory workers, soldiers in China dying of boredom rather than battle-make the war somberly, but richly, human. -- James L. Huffman, Wittenberg University No one has been as assiduous as Richard Minear in pursuing the hard moral questions of World War II-on both sides of the Pacific. This portrait of a committed humanist under simultaneous siege by enemy bombs and his own country's rabid nationalism is both startling and heartbreaking. -- Jay Rubin, Harvard University
Table of contents
Introduction: Takeyama Michio, 1904-1981, by Richard H. Minear The Writings Part I: The War Ichiko in 1944 (1946) The End of the War (1953) White Pine and Rose (1947) Scars (1949) Part II: Crisis and Challenge Germany-New Middle Ages? (1940) The Younger Generation (1945) Part III: The Tokyo Trial The Trial of Mr. Hyde (1946) Letter to Judge Roling (1949) Part IV: Turn to the Right The Student Incident: Observations and Reflections (1950) Those Who Refuse to Enter the Gate-Thoughts on One Contemporary Frame of Mind (1951)


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Cattlemen's Steak House: "Great Steaks~" Top 5 Page for this destination Cattlemen's Steakhouse Tip by Yaqui
Cattlemen's Steakhouse, Fort Worth: 9 reviews and 17 photos
If you like steaks, then you will like this place. It does not have a fancy decor, if fact it's a old, but charming. It is expensive, but your paying for what you get. Awesome steaks. I have not eaten here in a very long time. Came here with a girlfriend who was my co-worker. We enjoyed it. I enjoyed the old pictures on the wall. It is popular with the locals and visitors.
It has a very tiny parking lot, so find a spot on the street where there is plenty.
Address: 2458 North Main Street
Price Comparison: more expensive than average
Directions: On the corner near the Stockyards main street.
Phone: (817) 624-3945
Price: US$11-20
Rating: 5
Theme: Steakhouse
Website: http://www.cattlemenssteakhouse.com/
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Java is a programming language originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems (which is now a subsidiary of Oracle Corporation) and released in 1995 as a core component of Sun Microsystems' Java platform. The language derives much of its syntax from C and C++ but has a simpler object model and fewer low-level facilities. Java applications are typically compiled to bytecode (class file) that can run on any Java Virtual Machine (JVM) regardless of computer architecture. Java is a general-purpose, concurrent, class-based, object-oriented language that is specifically designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. It is intended to let application developers "write once, run anywhere". Java is currently one of the most popular programming languages in use, and is widely used from application software to web applications. (Excerpt from Wikipedia article: Java)
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Content Management Systems: Who Needs Them?
Paul Browning and Mike Lowndes explore the CMS concept and look at the available tools.
January 2002, issue30, feature article
Six MLEs: More Similar Than Different
Paul Browning offers a technical review of the systems developed by the JISC 'Building MLEs in HE' (7/99) Programme
July 2003, issue36, feature article
Through the Web Authoring Tools
Paul Browning offers a technical review of new approaches to Web publishing.


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What is going on with the Fed? No, not anything like what it seems.
Four years ago, Fed Chairman Benjamin Bernanke and his colleagues were presented with two crises. The first was the collapse of the housing bubble. Brought on by the demands of congressional Democrats led by Rep. Barney Frank and then-Sen. Chris Dodd that banks become extensions of federal social policy, the housing bubble swept away tremendous volumes of bank capital when it burst. It wasn't that this bank or that bank was too big to fail, but that a vast number of banks were suddenly capital deficient and endangered. By creating large volumes of "state" money while restricting the expansion of "bank" money, the Fed has spent the last four years, in effect, recapitalizing the American banking system. In its current phase, the second crisis also began in 2008—the crisis in government debt and unaddressed entitlement liabilities. The media is full of talk about the fiscal cliff. Will we go over it? Will we not? But if you are sitting at the Fed (and working closely, as Bernanke has throughout his tenure, with the Secretary of the Treasury), you have to assume that, whatever the outcome of the current White House-Congress negotiations, the government's unprecedented volume of borrowing will continue indefinitely. So, now, assume you are Chairman Bernanke.You ask yourself, "How do we finance all those deficits?" You answer, "What if we at the Fed print lots of 'state' money and buy the debt ourselves?" But then you think, "If we do that, how do we protect the nation from late '70s-early '80-style runaway inflation?" Then you think, "Bingo, we'll clamp down on 'bank' money?" How simple. Two crises, one solution. Here is how the Fed's words and actions of the last couple of days add up. Mr. Bernanke sees both crises continuing indefinitely. Announcing that lowering unemployment is the goal buys him time with his most worrisome Hill and White House critics but doesn't necessarily mean that "state" and "bank" money policies will move measurably relative to one another. Bank capital will continue to build. The government will continue to be funded. Growth will continue to crawl.So in assessing the Fed, our standard should not be, have they come up with great policy, or even particularly good policy? It should be, have they come up with the best bad policy under the circumstances?


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David Copperfield is considered to be Charles Dickens's most autobiographical novel. He said of it: "Like many fond parents, I have in my heart of hearts a favourite child. And his name is David Copperfield." It is a Bildungsroman, a tale which follows the development into maturity of its narrator, David Copperfield. The Russian greats Tolstoy and Dostoyevsky both greatly admired the novel, as did Kafka, Joyce and James. Freud called it his favourite novel.
Editore: The Floating Press (01 Gennaio 2008)
Format: EPUB
Dimensioni del file: 890 KB
Protezione: DRM
Lingua: Inglese